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Third Saadulah ministry

2026-05-02T12:05:35Z

MarkKapoor: article

{{Short description|1942 cabinet in the Indian province of Assam}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}} {{Use Indian English|date=March 2026}}
{{Infobox government cabinet
| date_formed = 25 August 1942
| date_dissolved = 11 February 1946
| government_head = [[Muhammed Saadulah]]
| state_head = [[Andrew Clow]]
| state_head_title = Governor
| government_head_title = Prime Minister
| political_parties = *'''[[Assam Valley Party]]'''
*'''[[All-India Muslim League]]'''
| predecessor = [[Governor's Rule]]
| successor = [[Second Bordoloi ministry (Assam Province)|Bordoloi II]]
| image = Syed Saadulla.jpg
}}
The '''Third Saadulah provincial government''' was the Cabinet of [[Assam Province]] headed by [[Chief Minister of Assam|Prime Minister of Assam]] [[Muhammed Saadulah]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saadulah government |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/50847/10/10_chapter%201.pdf}}</ref> The first cabinet was an [[All-India Muslim League]] government from 25 August 1942 to 23 March 1945, and then a coalition cabinet from 23 March 1945 to 11 February 1946.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shibly |first=Atful Hye |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Abdul_Matin_Chaudhury_1895_1948/ua3y6g7IHMAC?hl=en&gbpv=0 |title=Abdul Matin Chaudhury (1895-1948): Trusted Lieutenant of Mohammad Ali Jinnah |date=2011 |publisher=Juned Ahmed Choudhury |isbn=978-984-33-2323-1 |language=en}}</ref>

== History ==
Section 93 was revoked on 25 August 1942 (revoking [[Governor's Rule]]),<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Political_History_of_Assam_1940_1947/AThuAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=25%20August%201942%20saadulah |title=Political History of Assam: 1940-1947 |date=1999 |publisher=Department for the Preparation of Political History of Assam, Government of Assam |language=en}}</ref> and the third ministry of Saadulah was sworn-in by Governor [[Andrew Clow]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=Anil Kumar |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Quit_India_Movement_In_Assam/gZmusO1pWjUC?hl=en&gbpv=0 |title=Quit India Movement In Assam |date=2007 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=978-81-8324-242-4 |language=en}}</ref> Following the resignation of Agriculture minister Naba Kumar Dutta, Saadulah announced on 22 March 1945 that the whole ministry would resign and be reshuffled.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Keesing_s_Contemporary_Archives/n3CJkJ4wOocC?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Naba%20kumar%20dutta%20agriculture |title=Keesing's Contemporary Archives |date=1943 |publisher=Keesing's Limited. |language=en}}</ref>

== Ministers ==

=== First Cabinet ===
From 25 August 1942 to 23 March 1945.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Portfolios<ref>{{Cite book |last=Reed |first=Sir Stanley |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Indian_Year_Book/C6gSAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Naba%20Kumar%20Dutta%20agriculture |title=Indian Year Book |date=1945 |publisher=Bennett, Coleman. |language=en}}</ref>
!Party<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Indian_Annual_Register/bcwZAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=rupnath%20brahma%20assam%20united%20part |title=Indian Annual Register |date=1945 |publisher=Annual Register Office. |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Muhammed Saadulah]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Office |first=Great Britain India |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_India_Office_and_Burma_Office_List_f/XiUbAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |title=The India Office and Burma Office List for ... |date=1945 |publisher=Harrison and Sons, Limited |language=en}}</ref>
Chief Minister
|
* Home
* Transport
* Supplies
|[[All-India Muslim League|Muslim league]]
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Cabinet Ministers'''
|-
|[[Munawwar Ali]]
|
* Revenue
* Forest
|[[All-India Muslim League|Muslim league]]
|-
|Muddabbir Hussain Chaudhuri
|
* Civil Defence
* Legislative
|[[All-India Muslim League|Muslim league]]
|-
|Sayidur Rahman
|
* Education
* Public Works Department
|[[All-India Muslim League|Muslim league]]
|-
|[[Abdul Matin Chaudhury]]
|
* Finance
|[[All-India Muslim League|Muslim league]]
|-
|Hirendra Chandra Chakrbatti
|
* Local self-government
* Excise
* Labour
|Assam United Party
|-
|Mavis Dunn
|
* Medical
* Public Health
|Assam United Party
|-
|Mahendra Nath Saikia
|
* Industries
* Cooperative
|Assam United Party
|-
|[[Rupnath Brahma]]
|
* General
* Judicial
* Registration
|Assam United Party
|-
|Naba Kumar Dutta
|
* Agriculture
* Veterinary
|Assam United Party
|}

== Ministers ==

=== Second Cabinet ===
From 23 March 1945 to 11 February 1946.
{| class="wikitable"
!Name
!Portfolios<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Indian_Year_Book/MKi3TNUH5_sC?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=MAULAVI%20SAYIDUR%20RAHMAN,%20Minister-in-Charge%20of%20the%20and%20of%20Jails |title=The Indian Year Book |date=1945 |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Muhammed Saadulah]]<ref name=":0" />
Chief Minister
|
* Home department
* Supplies
* Publicity
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Cabinet Ministers'''
|-
|[[Munawwar Ali]]
|
* Forest
* General department
|-
|Baidya Nath Mukherji
|
* Finance
* Registration
* Mechanically Propelled Vehicles
|-
|[[Rohini Kumar Chaudhuri]]
|
* Revenue
* Judicial
* Legislative
|-
|Muddabbir Hussain Chaudhuri
|
* Medical
* Public health
|-
|Surendra Nath Burhagohain
|
* Excise
* Local self-government
* Labour
|-
|Sayidur Rahman
|
* Jails
|-
|[[Akshay Kumar Das]]
|
* Industries
* Cooperation
|-
|[[Abdul Matin Chaudhury]]
|
* Public Works Department
* Construction
|-
|[[Rupnath Brahma]]
|
* Agriculture
* Veterinary
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}{{Template:Assam ministries}}
[[Category:Assam ministries]]
[[Category:1942 establishments in India]]

Sayajirao Gaekwad III

2026-05-01T02:34:42Z

MarkKapoor: done

{{Short description|Maharaja of Baroda from 1875 to 1939}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2013}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more footnotes|date=August 2015}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2015}}
}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Sayajirao Gaekwad III
| title = [[Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia]], Shrimant Maharaja Sir, Sena Khas Khel Shamsher Bahadur [[Maharaja Gaekwad]] of [[Baroda State|Baroda]], [[GCSI]], [[GCIE]], [[Empress of India Medal|KIH]]
| image = Sayajirao_Gaekwad_III,_Maharaja_of_Baroda,_1919.jpg
| caption = Sayajirao III Gaekwad, Maharaja of Baroda, 1919
| succession = [[Maharaja]] of [[Baroda State|Baroda]]
| reign = 10 April 1875 – 6 February 1939
| coronation = 10 April 1875 (in [[Vadodara|Baroda]])
| predecessor = [[Malhar Rao Gaekwad]] [[T. Madhava Rao|Madhav Rao Thanjavurkar]] (''[[de facto]]'')
| successor = [[Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwad]]
| full name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1863|03|11}}
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1939|02|06|1863|03|11}}<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20130727201506/http://www.gaekwadsofbaroda.com/node/2 His Highness Sayajirao Gaekwad III]}}</ref>
| death_place =
| burial_date =
| burial_place = 
| queen = [[Chimnabai I]] [[Chimnabai II]]
| spouse =
| issue = *Shrimant Maharajkumari Bajubai Gaekwad
*Shrimant Maharajkumari Putlabai Gaekwad
*Yuvaraj Sahib Fatehsinhrao Gaekwad
*Shrimant Maharajkumar Jaisinghrao Gaekwad
*Shrimant Maharajkumar [[Shivajirao Gaekwad]]
*Maharani [[Indira Devi]]
*Shrimant Maharajkumar Dhairyashilrao Gaekwad
| royal house =
| dynasty = [[Gaekwad dynasty|Gaekwad]]
| father = Kashirao Gaekwad
| mother =
| signature = Autograph of Sayajirao Gaikwad.jpg
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
}}

'''Sayajirao Gaekwad III''' (born as '''Shrimant Gopalrao Gaekwad'''; 11 March 1863 – 6 February 1939) was the [[Maharaja]] of [[Baroda State]] from 1875 to 1939, and is remembered for reforming much of his state during his rule. He belonged to the royal [[Gaekwad dynasty]] of the [[Maratha]]s which ruled parts of present-day Gujarat.

==Early life==
[[File:Group portrait withTara Bai Jamna Bai and the Gaekwar of Baroda.jpg|left|thumb|Group portrait with sister Tara Bai and adoptive mother Jamna Bai (Circa 1880)]]

Sayajirao was born into a [[Maratha]] family in the village of [[Kalwan taluka|Kaulane]] in [[Malegaon]] taluka of [[Nashik]] district, as Gopalrao Gaekwad, second son of Kashirao Bhikajirao (Dada Sahib) Gaekwad (1832–1877) and Ummabai.<ref name="Sarjerao"/> He belonged to a [[cadet branch]] of the [[Gaekwad dynasty]], descended from a [[morganatic]] marriage of the first Raja of Baroda, and so was not expected to succeed to the throne.<ref name="Sarjerao">{{Cite journal |last=Sarjerao |first=Magar Rajendra |date=1 Feb 2017 |title=Sayajirao Gaikwad yanchavaril charitrancha abhyas |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/199449 |journal=Shodhganga|hdl=10603/199449 }}</ref>

==Matters of succession==
Following the death of Sir [[Khanderao Gaekwad]], the popular [[Maharaja of Baroda]], in 1870, it was expected that his brother, [[Malhar Rao Gaekwad|Malharrao]], would succeed him. However, Malharrao had already proven himself to be of the vilest character and had been earlier imprisoned for conspiring to assassinate his brother. As Khanderao's widow, Maharani Jamnabai (1853–1898) was already pregnant with a posthumous child, the succession was delayed until the sex of the child could be proven. The child proved to be a daughter, and so upon her birth on 5 July 1871, Malharrao ascended the throne.

Malharrao spent money liberally, nearly emptying the Baroda coffers (he commissioned a pair of solid gold cannon and a carpet of pearls, among other expenses) and soon reports reached the [[Residencies of British India|Resident]] [[Robert Phayre (British Army officer)|Robert Phayre]] of Malharrao's gross tyranny and cruelty. Malharrao further attempted to cover up his deeds by attempting to poison Phayre with a compound of [[arsenic]]. By order of the [[Secretary of State for India]], [[Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury|Lord Salisbury]], Malharrao was deposed on 10 April 1875 and exiled to [[Madras]], where he died in obscurity in 1882.

==Ascending the Throne==
[[File:Raja Ravi Varma, Maharani Chimanbai (younger age).jpg|thumb|right|x216px|[[Maharani Chimnabai]] by [[Raja Ravi Varma]].]]

With the throne of Baroda now vacant, Maharani Jamnabai called upon the heads of the various branches of the dynasty to come to Baroda and present themselves and their sons in order to decide upon a successor. Kashirao and his three sons, Anandrao (1857–1917), Gopalrao (1863–1939) and Sampatrao (1865–1934) walked to Baroda from Kavlana -a distance of some 600 kilometers- to present themselves to Jamnabai. It is reported that when each son was asked the purported reason for presenting themselves at Baroda, Gopalrao unhesitatingly stated: "I have come here to rule".

Gopalrao was selected by the British as successor and was accordingly adopted by Maharani Jamnabai, on 27 May 1875. He was also given a new name, ''Sayajirao''. He ascended the ''[[Throne#South_Asia|gadi]]'' at Baroda on 16 June 1875 but, being a minor, reigned under a Council of Regency until he came of age. He was invested with full ruling powers on 28 December 1881. During his minority he was extensively tutored in administrative skills by Raja Sir [[T. Madhava Rao]] who groomed his young protégé into a person with foresight and with a will to provide welfare to his people. In this period Madhava Rao restored the state to its normal conditions following the chaos in which it had been left by Malharrao.

[[File:H H Gaekwar of Baroda.jpg|thumb|left|H H Gaekwar of Baroda in 1889]]

==Rule and modernization==
[[File:Raja Ravi Varma, Maharaja Sayaji Rao.jpg|thumb|Maharaja Sayaji Rao, portrait by Raja Ravi Varma.]]

On assuming the reins of government, some of his first tasks included education of his subjects, uplifting of the downtrodden, and judicial, agricultural and social reforms. He played a key role in the development of Baroda's textile industry, and his educational and social reforms included among others, a ban on child marriage, legislation of divorce, removal of untouchability, spread of education, development of Sanskrit, ideological studies and religious education as well as the encouragement of the fine arts.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite news|last=Lawson |first=Alastair |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16051168 |title=Indian maharajah's daring act of anti-colonial dissent |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date= 10 December 2011|access-date=2011-12-10}}</ref>

His economic development initiatives included the establishment of a railway (see below) and the founding in 1908 of the [[Bank of Baroda]], which still exists and is one of India's leading banks, with numerous operations abroad in support of the Gujarati diaspora.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bankofbaroda.in/foundation-day|title=Bank of Baroda Foundation Day|website=bankofbaroda.com|access-date=2024-04-09}}</ref>

Fully aware of the fact that he was a Maratha ruler of Gujarat, he identified himself with the people and shaped their cosmopolitan attitude and progressive, reformist zeal. His rich library became the nucleus of today's Central Library of Baroda with a network of libraries in all the towns and villages in his state. He was the first Indian ruler to introduce, in 1906, compulsory and free primary education in his state, placing his territory far in advance of contemporary [[British Raj|British India]].<ref name="autogenerated1"/>

To commemorate his vision and administrative skills, [[Baroda Management Association]] has instituted [[Sayaji Ratna Award]] in 2013, named after him.

==Heritage and views==
Though a prince of a native state, he guarded his rights and status even as this brought him into dispute with the British government. Sayajirao was often in conflict with them on matters of principle and governance, having continuous and longstanding verbal and written disputes with the [[Residencies of British India|Residents]] as well as with the Viceroy and officials in the Government of India. He was granted the title of [[Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia]] ("Favoured Son of the [[England|English]] Nation") on 29 December 1876. He attended the [[Delhi Durbar]]s of 1877, 1903 and 1911; it was at the 1911 Delhi Durbar that an incident occurred that proved to have far-reaching ramifications for Sayajirao's relations with the [[British Raj|Raj]].

{{Wide image|Baroda Lvp.JPG|500px|[[Laxmi Vilas Palace, Vadodara|Laxmi Vilas Palace]], Vadodara, built in 1890 by Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III}}

===Delhi Durbar 1911===
[[File:SayajiRao Gaekwad.jpg|thumb|Sayajirao with Sir Richard Temple, the Governor of Bombay and other members of the court. c. 1880]]
At the grand and historic Delhi Durbar of 1911, attended by [[George V of the United Kingdom|George V]]— the first time that a reigning British monarch had travelled to India, each Indian ruler was expected to perform proper obeisance to the King-Emperor by bowing three times before him, then backing away without turning their back on the monarch.<ref name="autogenerated1"/><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16051168 |title=Indian maharajah's daring act of anti-colonial dissent |publisher=news.bbc.co.uk |access-date=10 December 2011 | date=10 December 2011}}</ref>

As the third-most prestigious Indian ruler, Sayajirao was third in line to approach the King-Emperor; already, he had caused consternation among the British officials by refusing to wear his full regalia of jewels and honours (it was expected that the rulers on formal occasions would present themselves in full regalia). While some accounts state that he refused to bow, Sayajirao actually did bow, albeit perfunctorily and only once before turning his back on the King-Emperor.<ref name="autogenerated1"/> According to his granddaughter [[Gayatri Devi]], she states in her [[autobiography]] that due to some reason he had been unable to attend the rehearsals and didn't know how to greet The King-Emperor. Other eyewitness reports state he walked away "laughing".<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16051168 | work=BBC News | title=Indian maharajah's daring act of anti-colonial dissent | date=10 December 2011}}</ref>

For several years already, Sayajirao had angered the British by his open support for the [[Indian National Congress]] and its leaders; the incident before the King-Emperor proved to be the last straw. The British never fully trusted Sayajirao again, although he was openly forgiven when he was awarded a GCIE in 1919.<ref name="autogenerated1"/>

He gave donation for the establishment of Central Library in the Banaras Hindu University which is named after him as "Sayaji Rao Gaekwad Central Library".

==Public works==

===Railways and waterworks===
During his reign a large narrow gauge railway [[Gaekwar's Baroda State Railway]] network, which was started in 1862 was expanded further with [[Dabhoi]] at its focal point, a network that still is Asia's largest narrow gauge railway network.<ref>{{Cite web |title=5 Narrow Gauge Rail Lines In Gujarat To Be Preserved For Tourism |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/5-narrow-gauge-rail-lines-in-gujarat-to-be-preserved-for-tourism-1869944 |access-date=2024-02-14 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

Sayajirao envisioned a water supply scheme for Baroda in 1892 at [[Ajwa]] that would use gravity to supply drinking water to the people of Baroda. To this day a large portion of Vadodara City gets its drinking water from this source.

===Parks and universities===
[[File:Ajwa Sarowar 62 doors.jpg|x216px|right|thumb|[[Ajwa| Ajwa Reservoir]], with 64 gates]]
The large public park originally called Kamati Baug and now called Sayaji Baug was his gift to the city of Vadodara. On the Diamond Jubilee of his accession to the throne, he set apart large funds out of his personal and state funds for setting up a University in Vadodara for the benefit of students from the rural areas of his state – a task that was ultimately completed by his grandson Sir [[Pratap Singh Gaekwad of Baroda|Pratapsinghrao Gaekwad]], who founded the [[Maharaja Sayajirao University]] and settled the trust as desired by his grandfather. This trust is known as the Sir Sayajirao Diamond Jubilee and Memorial Trust and caters to the education and other needs of the people of the former state of Baroda.

==Patronage==

He recognised talent from among his people. He supported education and training of persons who in his opinion would shine in life. Those persons whom he patronised included [[B. R. Ambedkar|Dr. Babasaheb alias Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar]], later the head of the drafting committee of the Indian Constitution that came to force in 1950; [[Vitthal Ramji Shinde]], the founder of the “Mission to the depressed class” and one of the most important social & religious reformers in Maharashtra;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/National/2014-04-13/Gayakwad-the-king-who-assisted-Ambedkar-and-others/91987|title = Gayakwad- the king who assisted Ambedkar and others|date = 14 April 2014}}</ref> and [[Dadabhai Naoroji]], who started his public life as the Dewan (Minister) to the Maharaja in 1874 and thereafter went on to become the first Asian Member of the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|British House of Commons]] where he made no secret of the fact that he would also be representing 250 million of his fellow subjects in India. He also sent his Agriculture Commissioner Chintaman Vishnu Sane to The United States of America for research in that field. He appointed [[V. T. Krishnamachari]] as the [[Diwan (title)|Diwan]] of Vadodara. Sayajirao Gaekwad III Maharaj sent Mahadev Krishnaji Jadhav to England to study architecture. Upon his return, he was appointed the state architect in 1941. Hailing from a poor Maratha family in Mumbai, Maharaj saw a spark in him. Noting his aptitude and creativity, he appointed him as the state architect. Jadhav was instrumental in lending the State of Baroda a unique architectural style through his works such as the Rani Chimnabai Hospital.

Sayajirao used to visit England every year to select outstanding young people to join his service and in one of such visits he met 20-year-old [[Sri Aurobindo]] whom he immediately offered a job at [[Baroda College]]. Sri Aurobindo returned to India in 1893 to join the Baroda service. Another [[Bengalis|Bengali]] gen [[Syed Mujtaba Ali]] also taught there.

In 1895 the Maharaja is claimed to have witnessed the successful flight of an unmanned aircraft constructed by [[Shivkar Bapuji Talpade|S. B. Talpade]], which happened eight years before the Wright brothers took to the skies.<ref>[http://archive.deccanherald.com/Deccanherald/dec16/snt2.asp Hundred years after Orville Wright’s first flight, K R N SWAMY remembers Shivkur Bapuji Talpade, the Indian who flew an unmanned aircraft eight years before Wright] from deccanherald.com</ref>

==Cultural and material interests==
[[File:Klgh.jpg|thumb| Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III, ''Kala Ghoda'' Statue at [[Vadodara]]]]
[[File:Maharaja Gaekwad of Baroda in Chicago.jpg|thumb|Gaekwad in Chicago, United States in 1906.]]
The Maharaja was a noted patron of the arts. During his reign, Baroda became a hub for artists and scholars. The celebrated painter, [[Raja Ravi Varma]], was among those who spent substantial periods of time at his court.

==Science==
Sayajirao commissioned and paid for research and its publication by [[James Hornell]] on Marine Biology, which to this day remains a key source of information.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/913662#page/16/mode/1up | title=Report to the government of Baroda on the marine zoology of Okhamandal in Kattiawar | date=9 May 2024 | volume=pt. 1 }}</ref>

===Jewellery===
Sayajirao had a notable collection of jewels and jewellery. This included the 128.48 carat, 25.696g "Star of the South" diamond, the "Akbar Shah" diamond and the "Princess Eugenie" diamond.

===Classical music===
Sayajirao was also a patron of Indian classical music. Ustad Moula Bux founded the Academy of Indian Music (Gayan Shala) under his patronage in 1886. This Academy later became the Music College and is now the [[Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda|Faculty of Performing Arts of the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Vadodara]]. Apart from Ustad Moula Bux, Sayajirao's court boasted great artistes like Abdul Karim Khan, [[Inayat Khan]] and Ustad [[Faiyaz Khan]]. In 1916, the first All India Music Conference was held in Baroda.

===Dance===
The [[Maharaja Sayajirao University of Vadodara]] started the first dance programme in India in 1950. Over the centuries there had been many alliances and marriages between Baroda's kings and princesses. Musicians and Dancers were often part of cultural exchange as dancers, poets and musicians were status symbols for the royal courts and maharajas had as many artists as they could afford. In 1880 the Maharani Laksmi Bai (Chimnabai I) of Tanjore married Maharaja Sayajirao III. Chimnabai I was knowledgeable in [[Bharatanatyam]] and [[Carnatic music]], and upon marriage, she brought a troupe with her comprising two dancers, two nattuvanars (leaders of Bharatanatyam concerts) and two teachers (Khandwani 2002). Others followed later, including Nattuvanar Appaswamy and his dancer wife Kantimati, who had studied with Kannusamy and Vadively, two members of the [[Tanjore Quartet]]. After the death of Appaswamy in 1939, Kantimati and their son, Guru Shri Kubernath Tanjorkar, left Baroda to teach in Lucknow, and then worked in the film industry in South India until Sayajirao's successor, [[Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwad]] recalled the family to Baroda in 1949 to teach in the Music Department in the Kalavan Palace, later absorbed into the Maharaja Sayajirao University (Gaston 1996: 158–160). Later Guruvarya Shri Kubernath Tanjorkar established his own Institute, the Tanjore Dance Music & Art Research Centre at Baroda with his son Guru Shri Ramesh Tanjorkar and Guru Smt. Leela R. Tanjorkar (Kubernath Tanjorkar's family is devoted to Bharatnatyam dance now including their grandsons Rajesh and Ashish). So what we have here is a tradition of very distinguished Bharatanatyam dancers and teachers, members of a family considered an offshoot of the Tanjore Quartet bani (stylistic schools; Gaston 1996: 159), already established in Gujarat by the time Mrinalini set up her own academy. Yet there is a sense that what she did was not new.

==Family==
Maharaja Sayajirao initially married Shrimant Lakshmibai Mohite of [[Tanjore]] ([[Chimnabai I]]) (1864–1884) on 6 January 1880, by whom he had a son and two daughters:
# Shrimant Maharajkumari Bajubai Gaekwad (1881–1883)
# Shrimant Maharajkumari Putlabai Gaekwad (1882–1885)
# [[Lieutenant-Colonel]] Shrimant [[Yuvaraja]] Fatehsinhrao Gaekwad, Yuvaraj Sahib of Baroda (3 August 1883 – 14 September 1908). He died young, having had a son and two daughters, including [[Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwad]], who succeeded to the throne in 1939 as Maharaja of Baroda.

His first wife died young from [[tuberculosis]], and Sayajirao married on 28 December 1885 another [[Maratha]] lady from [[Dewas]], Shrimant Gajrabai (1871–1958), who became [[Chimnabai II]] upon her wedding. A strong proponent of rights for Indian women, she proved every bit as willful and capable as her husband for the 53 years of their marriage, becoming equally well known throughout India. They had several sons and one daughter:
# Shrimant Maharajkumar Jaisinghrao Gaekwad (12 May 1888 – 27 August 1923); no children
# Shrimant Maharajkumar [[Shivajirao Gaekwad]] (31 July 1890 – 24 November 1919); had two sons and one daughter.
# [[Indira Devi of Cooch Behar|Maharani Indira Devi]], Maharani and Maharani Regent of Cooch Behar ([[Indira of Baroda|Indiraraje]]) (19 February 1892 – 6 September 1968). Married Jitendra Narayan of Cooch Bihar in 1911; had issue. Her descendants include the models [[Riya Sen]] and [[Raima Sen]]. She became a Maharani Regent of [[Cooch Behar]] and the mother of [[Gayatri Devi]] of [[Jaipur]].
# Lieutenant-Colonel Shrimant Maharajkumar Dhairyashilrao Gaekwad (31 August 1893 – 5 April 1940); had three sons and two daughters.

Other descendants of Sayajirao would wed the rulers of [[Kolhapur]], [[Sawantwadi]], [[Akkalkot]], [[Jath]], [[Dewas|Dewas Jr.]], [[Kota, Rajasthan|Kota]], [[Dhar]], [[Jasdan]], [[Sandur (princely state)|Sandur]] and [[Gwalior]].

===Family tree===
{{Tree list}}
* [[File:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] Sayajirao Gaekwad III
** Bajubai Gaekwad (kanit) (1881–1883)
** Putlabai Gaekwad (1882–1885)
** Fatehsinhrao Gaekwad (1883–1908)
***{{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] [[Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwad]] and two daughters
****[[File:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] [[Fatehsinghrao Gaekwad]] (1930–1988)
**** [[Mrunalini Devi Puar]] (1931–2015)
***** {{Tree list/final branch}}a daughter
**** Premila Raje Gaekwad (1933–)
***** {{Tree list/final branch}}a son and a daughter
**** Sarla Raje Gaekwad (1935–)
***** {{Tree list/final branch}}a son and a daughter
**** Vasundharadevi Raje Gaekwad (1936–)
***** {{Tree list/final branch}}three sons and a daughter
**** [[File:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] [[Ranjitsinh Pratapsinh Gaekwad]] (1938–2012)
***** [[File:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] Samarjitsingh Gaekwad (1967–)
***** Alaukika Raje (1988–)
*****{{Tree list/final branch}} Anjana Raje (1999–)
**** Lalitadevi Raje Gaekwad (1939–)
**** Sangramsinhrao Gaekwad (1941–)
***** Pratapsinhrao Gaekwad (1970–)
*****{{Tree list/final branch}} Priyadarshini Raje Sahib Gaekwad (1975–)
**** {{Tree list/final branch}}Sayajirao Gaekwad (1945–1985)
** Jaisinghrao Gaekwad (1888–1923)
** [[Shivajirao Gaekwad]] (1890–1919)
*** {{Tree list/final branch}}two sons and a daughter
** [[Indira Devi]] (Indiraraje) (1892–1968)
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Gayatri Devi]] and two other daughters and two sons
**** {{Tree list/final branch}}later descendant Maharani Sahiba of kota, Rajasthan Uttara Devi, Maharani of Payagpur Baharaich Udaya Raje (Pixie), Bharat Dev Burman Father of [[Riya Sen]] and [[Raima Sen]]
** Dhairyashilrao Gaekwad (1893–1940)
*** {{Tree list/final branch}}three sons and two daughters
** {{Tree list/final branch}}Other descendants
{{Tree list/end}}

== Death ==
The '''Arjan Koli''' and '''Hari Koli''' were two [[Koli people|Koli]] brothers from [[Dhari, Gujarat|Dhari]] town. They saved the life of [[Maharaja]] Sayajirao Gaekwad III of [[Baroda State]] from a lion during hunting in 1933. After that both brothers were respected in open court (Baroda state darbar) and their bronze statues were established in royal [[Sayaji Baug]] by Sayajirao Gaekwad.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-18 |title=Know Your City: How Baroda's bronze statues will regain their black sheen in Rs 1.10 crore restoration project |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/know-your-city-how-barodas-bronze-statues-will-regain-their-black-sheen-in-rs-1-10-crore-restoration-project-9167612/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

After a long and eventful reign of 63 years, Sayajirao Gaekwad III died on 6 February 1939, one month shy of 76. His grandson and heir, [[Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwad]], became the next Maharaja of Baroda.

==Titles==
*1863–1875: Shrimant Gopalrao [[Gaekwad]]
*1875–1876: [[His Highness]] Shrimant [[Maharaja]] Sayajirao III Gaekwad, Sena Khas Khel Shamsher Bahadur, [[Maharaja]] of [[Baroda]]
*1876–1887: His Highness Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Shrimant Maharaja Sayajirao III Gaekwad, Sena Khas Khel Shamsher Bahadur, Maharaja of Baroda
*1887–1919: His Highness Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Shrimant Maharaja [[Sir]] Sayajirao III Gaekwad, Sena Khas Khel Shamsher Bahadur, Maharaja of Baroda, [[GCSI]]
*1919–1939: His Highness Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Shrimant Maharaja Sir Sayajirao III Gaekwad, Sena Khas Khel Shamsher Bahadur, Maharaja of Baroda, GCSI, [[GCIE]]

==Honours==
*Prince of Wales's Gold Medal-1875
*[[Empress of India Medal|Empress of India Gold Medal]]-1877
*[[Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India]] (GCSI)-1887
*Delhi Durbar Gold Medal-1903
*Delhi Durbar Gold Medal-1911
*[[Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]] (GCIE)-1919
*Hon. [[Legum Doctor|LLD]] ([[Benares Hindu University]])-1924
*Bailiff Grand Cross of the [[Venerable Order of Saint John|Order of St John]] (GCStJ)-1932
*[[King George V Silver Jubilee Medal]]-1935
*[[King George VI Coronation Medal]]-1937

==See also==
* [[Atlas the Barbary lion versus the Bengal tiger of Simla]]
* [[Bank of Baroda]]
* [[Baroda Museum and Picture Gallery]]
* [[Sayaji Rao Gaekwad Library (Central Library), BHU]]
* [[Princely State]]
* [[Maratha Empire]]
* [[Sayaji Ratna Award]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}

* {{cite book
| last = F. A. H Elliot
| title = The rulers of Baroda
| publisher = Baroda State Press 1934
| id = ASIN B0006C35QS
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Gense
| first = James
| title = The Gaikwads of Baroda
| url = https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283206
| publisher = D.B. Taraporevala Sons & Co 1942
| id = ASIN B0007K1PL6
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Kothekara
| first = Santa
| title = The Gaikwads of Baroda and the East India Company, 1770–1820
| publisher = Nagpur University
| id = ASIN B0006D2LAI
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Gaekwad
| first = Fatesinghrao * Biography of Maharaja Sayajirao III by Daji Nagesh Apte
| title = Sayajirao of Baroda: The Prince and the Man
| publisher = Popular Prakashan
| isbn = 978-0-86132-214-5
| year = 1989
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Gaekwar
| first = Sayaji Rao
| title = Speeches and addresses of Sayaji Rao III, Maharaja Gaekwar of Baroda
| publisher = H. Milford 1933
| id = ASIN B000855T0I
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Rice
| first = Stanley
| title = Life of Sayaji Rao III, Maharaja of Baroda
| year = 1931
| url = https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.59223
| publisher = Oxford university press 1931
| id = ASIN B00085DDFG
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Clair
| first = Edward
|url=https://archive.org/stream/yearwithgaekwaro00weedrich#page/n9/mode/2up
| title = A Year with the Gaekwar of Baroda
| publisher = D. Estes & co 1911
| id = ASIN B0008BLVV8
| date = 1911
}}
* {{cite book
| last = MacLeod
| first = John
| title = Sovereignty, Power, Control: Politics in the State of Western India, 1916–1947
| publisher = Brill Academic Publishers
| isbn = 978-90-04-11343-5
| year = 1999
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Kamerkar
| first = Mani
| title = British Paramountcy: British-Baroda Relations, 1818-1848
| publisher = Popular Prakashan
| id = ASIN B000JLZE6A
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Kooiman
| first = Dick
| title = Communalism and Indian Princely States: Travancore, Baroda and Hyderabad in the 1930s
| publisher = Manohar Pubns
| isbn = 978-81-7304-421-2
| year = 2002
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Desai
| first = Govindbhai
| title = Forty Years in Baroda: Being Reminiscences of Forty Years' Service in the Baroda State
| publisher = Pustakalaya Sahayak Sahakari Mandal 1929
| id = ASIN B0006E18R4
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Maharaja of Baroda
| title = The Palaces of India
| year = 1980
| publisher = Viking Pr
| isbn = 978-0-00-211678-7
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Doshi
| first = Saryu
| title = The royal bequest: Art treasures of the Baroda Museum and Picture Gallery
| publisher = India Book House
| isbn = 978-81-7508-009-6
| year = 1995
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Moore
| first = Lucy
| title = Maharanis; the extraordinary tale of four Indian queens and their journey from purdah to parliament
| publisher = Viking Press
| isbn = 978-0-670-03368-3
| year = 2005
| url-access = registration
| url = https://archive.org/details/maharanisextraor00moor
}}

{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Sayajirao Gaekwad III}}
*[http://www.saadigitalarchive.org/search/Sayajirao%20Gaekwad%20III Sayajirao Gaekwad III materials in the South Asian American Digital Archive (SAADA)]

{{s-start}}{{s-hou|[[Gaekwad dynasty]]||11 March 1863||6 February 1939}}
{{s-reg|}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Malhar Rao Gaekwad]] and [[Madhav Rao Thanjavurkar]] (de facto)
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Vadodara|Maharaja of Baroda]]
| years = 1875–1939
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwad]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Vadodara topics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gaekwad, Sayajirao}}
[[Category:People from the Maratha Empire]]
[[Category:1863 births]]
[[Category:1939 deaths]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Indian knights]]
[[Category:Bailiffs Grand Cross of the Order of St John]]
[[Category:Bank of Baroda]]
[[Category:Maharajas of Vadodara]]
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]
[[Category:Indian Hindus]]
[[Category:Founders of Indian schools and colleges]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan]]
[[Category:People from British India]]
[[Category:Indian royalty]]
[[Category:Indian philanthropists]]
[[Category:Indian social reformers]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:People from Nashik district]]
[[Category:People from Vadodara]]
[[Category:Indian industrialists]]
[[Category:Indian nationalists]]

Ramanathapura

2026-04-25T18:05:30Z

MarkKapoor: Adding data

{{more citations needed|date=January 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ramanathapura
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline = File:Basavapatna near Ramanathapura. Hassan distsrict. (2).jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Ramanathapura
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates = {{coord|12.61576|N|76.07932|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Hassan district|Hassan]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Taluk]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Arkalgud]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 849
| population_total = 1578
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Rāmanāthapura''' is a village in Hassan district of Karnataka state, [[India]].
[[File:Ramanathapura.Subramanya Temple.jpg|thumb|upright|Subramanyia Temple area]]

==Location==
Ramanathapura is located between [[Konanur, Hassan|Konanur]] and [[Saligrama, Mysore|Saligrama]] towns.

==Administration==
Ramanathapura is part of the [[Arkalgud]] taluk which is again part of [[Hassan, Karnataka|Hassan]] district of Karnataka.

==Post office==
There is a post office at Ramanathapura and the [[Postal Index Number|postal code]] is 573133.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.xombom.com/pincode/ramanathapura-hassan-pincode/121866/ |title=Ramanathapura, Hassan District Pincode 573133 |access-date=16 October 2016 |archive-date=18 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018220250/http://www.xombom.com/pincode/ramanathapura-hassan-pincode/121866/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Educational organizations==
* HMS Padavi Purva College
* BSS Junior College
* Kuvempu School
* JSP School
* GHP School

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Ramanathapua.Hidhamma temple, Hassan district.jpg|Hiddamma temple
File:Ramanathapura Siradanahalli, Hassan district.jpg|Siradanahalli
File:Ramanathapura.Basavapatna, Hassan district.jpg|Basavapatna
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Saligrama, Mysore]]
*[[Kanive, Kodagu|Kanive]]
* [[Konanur, Hassan]]
* [[Mangalore]]
* [[Kushalanagar]]
* [[Holenarasipura|Hole Narasipur]]
* [[Keralapura]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Hassan district]]

Londonalli Lambodhara

2026-04-23T23:00:38Z

MarkKapoor: created data

{{short description|Indian Kannada-language comedy drama film}}
{{No plot|date=February 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Londonalli Lambodhara
| image = Londonalli Lambodhara.jpg
| caption = Release poster
| director = Raj Surya
| producer =
| writer =
| starring = {{plainlist|
*Santhosh
*Shruti Prakash
*[[Sampath Raj]]
}}
| music = Pranav Iyengar
| cinematography =
| editing =
| studio = London Screens
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2019|3|29}}
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| runtime =
}}
'''''Londonalli Lambodhara''''' ({{translation|Lambodhara in [[London]]}}) is a 2019 Indian Kannada-language comedy drama film directed by Raj Surya, who assisted [[Suni (director)|Suni]] and [[Sadhu Kokila]]. The film stars Santhosh and Shruti Prakash while [[Sampath Raj]] plays an important role.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/shruti-debuts-in-films-with-a-comedy/articleshow/68552321.cms|title=Shruti Prakash debuts in films with a comedy|website=Bangalore Mirror}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/sampath-raj-the-surprise-element-in-my-role-drew-me-to-londonalli-lambodara/articleshow/68546723.cms|title=Sampath Raj: The surprise element in my role drew me to Londonalli Lambodara - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=25 March 2019 }}</ref> The film premiered at London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/londonalli-lambodara-premieres-held-for-public-in-london/articleshow/68563387.cms|title=Londonalli Lambodara premieres held for public in London - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=25 March 2019 }}</ref>

== Cast ==
*Santhosh as Lambodhara
*Shruti Prakash as Rashmi<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/a-debut-is-special-because-it-is-like-having-your-first-baby/articleshow/68597934.cms|title='A debut is special because it is like having your first baby' - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=28 March 2019 }}</ref>
*[[Sampath Raj]] as Ekadantha aka Challa
*[[Achyuth Kumar]] as Lambodhara's father
*[[Sudha Belawadi]] as Lambodhara's mother
*[[Sadhu Kokila]] as Sadhu

==Production==
Twenty-one [[non-resident Indians|NRIs]] in the United Kingdom produced the film.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/news/2019/mar/23/21-kannadigas-residing-in-uk-come-together-for-londonalli-lambodhara-10690.html|title=21 UK-based Kannadigas come together for Londonalli Lambodhara|website=[[Cinema Express]]|date=22 March 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/londonalli-lambodhara-bankrolled-21-nris-98981|title='Londonalli Lambodhara' is bankrolled by 21 NRIs|date=26 March 2019|website=The News Minute}}</ref> Seventy percent of the film was shot in London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/londonalli-lambodhara-garner-appreciations-at-a-premier-show-in-london/articleshow/68578684.cms|title='Londonalli Lambodhara' garner appreciations at a premier show in London - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=26 March 2019 }}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
The film features a song "Ee Manasu Alemaari" sung by Shruthi Prakash and Deepak Doddera and composed by Pranav Iyengar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/music/shruti-prakash-croons-for-ee-manasu-alemaari/articleshow/68250501.cms|title=Shruti Prakash croons for Ee Manasu Alemaari - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=4 March 2019 }}</ref>

==Reception==
A critic from ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' wrote that "While director Raj Surya uses humour generously in the first half, he loses track in the second half where, in a bid to stretch the film’s length, he repeats scenes".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2019/mar/30/londonalli-lambodhara-review-humorous-take-on-emotional-issue-1957663.html|title='Londonalli Lambodhara' review: Humorous take on emotional issue|website=The New Indian Express|date=30 March 2019 }}</ref> A critic from ''[[The News Minute]]'' opined that "The film tries hard to blend several themes – family, drama, comedy, and motherland sentiment - which leave the audience confused about what to take from the movie. If meaningless comedy isn’t your choice, you can give Lambodhara a miss".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/londonalli-lambodhara-review-dull-comedy-offensive-humour-99155|title='Londonalli Lambodhara' review: A dull comedy with offensive humour|date=29 March 2019|website=The News Minute}}</ref> A critic from ''[[The Times of India]]'' stated that "This movie is recommended for those who enjoy monotonous comedy, laced with some motherland sentiment drama".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/londonalli-lambodhara/movie-review/68624895.cms|title=Londonalli Lambodhara Movie Review {2.5/5}: Critic Review of Londonalli Lambodhara by Times of India|work=The Times of India}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:2019 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:2019 Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]

Manam (film)

2026-04-21T09:35:15Z

MarkKapoor:

{{short description|2014 film written and directed by Vikram Kumar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2016}}
{{Good article}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Manam
| image = Manam poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Vikram Kumar]]
| producer = [[Akkineni–Daggubati family|Akkineni Family]]
| writer = Vikram Kumar [[Harsha Vardhan]] (dialogues)
| starring = {{plainlist|
*[[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]]
*[[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]]
*[[Naga Chaitanya]]
*[[Samantha Ruth Prabhu]]
*[[Shriya Saran ]]
}}
| music = [[Anup Rubens]]
| cinematography = [[P. S. Vinod]]
| editing = [[Prawin Pudi]]
| studio = [[Annapurna Studios]]
| distributor = [[Reliance Entertainment]]
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2014|05|23|ref1=<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=21 May 2014 |title='Manam' Release on 23 May: Will Akkineni Multi Starrer Strike Gold at Box Office? |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-release-23-may-will-akkineni-multi-starrer-strike-gold-box-office-600708 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209070942/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-release-23-may-will-akkineni-multi-starrer-strike-gold-box-office-600708 |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |website=[[International Business Times|International Business Times India]]}}</ref>}}
| runtime = 163 minutes<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manam |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/manam-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0zota4ntg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220131204222/http://web.archive.org/screenshot/https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/manam-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0zota4ntg |archive-date=31 January 2022 |access-date=31 January 2022 |website=[[British Board of Film Classification]]}}</ref>
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget = {{INR|28 crore}} ($4.6 million)<ref name="50 days">{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=15 July 2014 |title=Nagarjuna's Manam Completes 50 Days; See Success Meet Photos |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/nagarjuna-manam-completes-50-days-see-success-meet-photos-154165.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209071216/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/nagarjuna-manam-completes-50-days-see-success-meet-photos-154165.html |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |publisher=[[Oneindia.com|Oneindia Entertainment]]}}</ref>
| gross = {{Estimation}} {{INR|62 crore}} ($10.2 million)<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2014 |title=Top Grossing Telugu Films of 2014: Allu Arjun's 'Race Gurram', Ram Charan's 'Yevadu', Nag's 'Manam' and Others. |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/top-grossing-telugu-films-2014-allu-arjuns-race-gurram-ram-charans-yevadu-nags-manam-618519 |website=ibtimes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2017 |title=Manam. |url=https://bestoftheyear.in/movie/manam/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802115039/https://bestoftheyear.in/movie/manam/ |archive-date=2 August 2019 |access-date=28 September 2019 |website=bestoftheyear}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 June 2014 |title=s'Manam' Box Office Collection: Akkineni Starrer Crosses $1.5 Million Mark in US. |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-box-office-collection-akkineni-starrer-crosses-1-5-million-mark-us-602442 |website=ibtimes}}</ref><ref name="life time">{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=28 December 2014 |title=Top Grossing Telugu Films of 2014: Allu Arjun's 'Race Gurram', Ram Charan's 'Yevadu', Nag's 'Manam' and Others |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/top-grossing-telugu-films-2014-allu-arjuns-race-gurram-ram-charans-yevadu-nags-manam-618519 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209071402/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/top-grossing-telugu-films-2014-allu-arjuns-race-gurram-ram-charans-yevadu-nags-manam-618519 |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref>
}}

'''''Manam''''' ({{Translation|[[We|Us]]}}) is a 2014 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[Comedy|fantasy comedy drama film]] written and directed by [[Vikram Kumar]], and produced by the [[Akkineni–Daggubati family|Akkineni Family]] under the [[Annapurna Studios]] banner. The film stars [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]], [[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]], [[Naga Chaitanya]], [[Samantha Ruth Prabhu]] and [[Shriya Saran]]. The film is set in various time periods, over the course of a hundred years up until 2013, and deals with the concepts of rebirth and eternal love. The plot features a wealthy businessman, Nageswara Rao (Nagarjuna), attempting to bring a young couple together resembling his deceased parents and the elderly Chaitanya's (Nageswara Rao) attempts to bring the businessman and a doctor together. They resemble Chaitanya's deceased parents, who died because of a mistake committed by him in his childhood.

The film was made with a budget of {{INR}}28 [[crore]] ($4.6 million).{{Efn|The average exchange rate in 2014 was 100.03 Indian rupees ({{INR}}) per 1 US dollar (US$).<ref name="exchange2014">{{Cite web |title=Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average) - India |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/PA.NUS.FCRF?end=2021&locations=IN&start=1960&view=chart |access-date=17 July 2022 |website=World Bank}}</ref>|name=exchange2014}} [[Harsha Vardhan]] wrote the film's dialogues, while [[Anup Rubens]] composed the film's music. [[P. S. Vinod]] handled the film's cinematography and [[Prawin Pudi]] edited the film. Production began on 3 June 2013. [[Principal photography]] began on 7 June 2013 and was shot in and around [[Hyderabad]], [[Coorg State|Coorg]] and [[Mysore]] till mid April 2014.

''Manam'' was the last film of [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao|Nageswara Rao]], who died on 22 January 2014 during the film's production phase and was promoted as a "befitting send off" and a tribute from his son, Nagarjuna. The film released worldwide on 23 May 2014 to positive reviews from critics and was commercially successful, collecting {{INR}}62 crore ($10.2 million){{efn|name="exchange2014"}} in its lifetime. It garnered a cult following and is considered by many, to be one of the greatest films ever made in [[Telugu cinema]].

It was featured at the [[45th International Film Festival of India|45th IFFI]] in the ''Homage to ANR'' section on 29 November 2014. The film garnered several accolades. It won five [[Filmfare Awards South]] including the [[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu|Best Film]] and [[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Telugu|Best Director]] in Telugu films category.

== Plot ==
Radha Mohan and Krishna Veni are a couple who were initially in love with each other but later on lead a difficult marital life due to several misunderstandings and decide to file for divorce, against their six-year-old son's wishes. However, they die in a car accident on 14 February 1983 at 10:20 am near a clock tower on their way to the lawyer's office. 30 years later, their son, Nageswara Rao, becomes a rich and influential businessman. He happens to come across his parents' lookalikes, Nagarjuna and Priya. After befriending them, Rao decides to re-establish them as a couple but is shocked when Nagarjuna introduces his lover, Prema. Rao manages to dissolve the relationship with the help of his personal adviser, Girish Karnad. Unaware of this, Nagarjuna swears not to fall in love with anyone. At the same clock tower, Rao meets Dr. Anjali and falls in love with her at first sight. He helps her in admitting an injured old man to a nearby hospital and donates his blood. The injured man, Chaitanya, is shocked upon seeing the pair as they resemble his deceased parents, Seetharamudu and Ramalakshmi.

Seetharamudu was a barrister who returned from London upon his father's death to manage his family businesses. He was a [[zamindar]] and fond of cars. While looking through photos of potential brides, Seetharamudu selects a poor farmer, Ramalakshmi. Asked by a mediator, she accepts the proposal, without meeting Seetharamudu, but asks him for six months' delay as she has to buy new clothes for the bridegroom, following the village's tradition. Seetharamudu learns about this and meets Ramalakshmi in disguise as a reformed thief. With his help, Ramalakshmi is able to cultivate enough grain in three months and buy new clothes with that money. On the day of her marriage, she is pleasantly surprised to know that Seetharamudu is her chosen groom and they marry. On 14 February 1924, the couple goes out, but eight-year-old Chaitanya, suffering from a fever, fakes a stomach ache so that his parents return. The plan works and the couple rush home at high speed but die in an accident at 10:20 am near the same clock tower where Radha Mohan and Krishna Veni would die nearly 60 years later. Now, Chaitanya aims to reunite them without letting them recollect their past as they cannot bear the pain of losing him.

Chaitanya stays in Rao's house for easy access to further treatment, while Nagarjuna joins them since he was expelled from his hostel. While at the hostel, Nagarjuna would drink the whole day and talk endlessly about his lost love. When the principal enquired about his health, Nagarjuna began to argues with him but felt a wave of nausea from drinking and vomited on the principal.

One night, Priya, remembering her past life, visits Rao's house only to see Nagarjuna sleeping beside him. She leaves the house in tears. While Rao attempts to court Anjali, Nagarjuna and Priya join [[Salsa (dance)|Salsa dance]] classes where Priya constantly expresses her anger towards Nagarjuna. On Rao's birthday, 13 February 2014, Anjali proposes to him which he accepts. This makes Chaitanya very happy. Priya meets Nagarjuna and finds he's dressed up as Radha Mohan: he reveals that he too recollected memories of his past life on the night she left the house in shock. He apologises for his inadequacies but clears up the old misunderstandings they had and proposes to her. She accepts his proposal and they get together.

The next day, Nagarjuna goes to a temple with Priya in a car which has no brakes and Rao chases after them along with Anjali. A worried Chaitanya is offered a lift by a young biker who follow them. Rao and Anjali successfully stop Nagarjuna and Priya's car, and they all get out of their cars safely in front of the clocktower. At 10:20 am, a lorry with a driven driver rushes towards the four. The biker and Chaitanya jump off of the bike, which goes on to hit the lorry tyre, shifting the lorry's path safely away. The four thank Chaitanya, who urges them to thank the biker, Akhil, who saved them in the nick of time by offering Chaitanya a lift.

== Cast ==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]] as Chaitanya
* [[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]] in a dual role as
** Sitaramudu, Chaitanya's father
** Nageswara "Bittu" Rao, Radha and Krishna's son
*** Yashvardhan Singh as Young Bittu
* [[Naga Chaitanya]] in a dual role as
** Radha Mohan, Nageswara "Bittu" Rao's father
** Nagarjuna
* [[Samantha Ruth Prabhu]] in a dual role as
** Krishnaveni, Nageswara "Bittu" Rao's mother
** Priya
* [[Shriya Saran]] in a dual role as
** Ramalaxmi, Chaitanya's mother
** Dr. Anjali
* [[Brahmanandam]] as Girish Karnad
* [[Ali (actor)|Ali]] as Leonardo DiCaprio
* [[M. S. Narayana]] as Father Francis
* [[Jaya Prakash Reddy]] as Home Minister J.P.
* [[Chalapathi Rao]] as merchant
* [[Posani Krishna Murali]] as Inspector Dharma
* [[Shankar Melkote]] as Yashwanth Rayudu, Prema's father
* [[Srinivasa Reddy]] as car broker
* [[Krishnudu]] as Doctor
* Ramchandra as Dr. Babu Rao
* [[Chitram Srinu]] as Constable Sreenu
* [[Saptagiri (Telugu actor)|Saptagiri]] as Nagarjuna's friend
* [[Gundu Sudharshan]] as marriage broker
* Ambati Srininivas as Home Minister's assistant
* [[Duvvasi Mohan]] as Home Minister's assistant
* [[Saranya Ponvannan|Saranya]] as Sitaramudu's mother
* [[Tejaswi Madivada]] as Divya
* [[Satya Krishnan]] as lecturer
* Kaushal Sharma
* Swetha Varma as Announcer
{{colend}}

'''Special appearances:'''
* [[Amitabh Bachchan]] as Pratapji
* [[Amala Akkineni]] as a Dance teacher
* [[Akhil Akkineni]] as Akhil (Himself)
* [[Lavanya Tripathi]] as Radha Mohan's friend
* [[Raashii Khanna]] as Prema
* [[Nitu Chandra]] as Airhostess

== Production ==
=== Development ===
After the release of ''[[100% Love (2011 film)|100% Love]]'' (2011), [[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]] decided to act and produce in an [[All-star#Cinema|all-star film]] along with his father, actor [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]] and elder son [[Naga Chaitanya]]. Nageswara Rao suggested Nagarjuna to begin the film as early as possible, because of his age. After examining and rejecting many scripts due to a perceived lack of novelty, Nagarjuna was advised by actor [[Nithin]]'s father and distributor Sudhakar Reddy to listen to a script by [[Vikram Kumar]], who was directing Nithin and [[Nithya Menen]] in ''[[Ishq (2012 film)|Ishq]]'' (2012). Although he liked the script after the first narration, he agreed to act in the film only after watching ''Ishq'' before its theatrical release.<ref name="manam genesis">{{Cite web |date=20 May 2014 |title=It is just a speculation : Nagarjuna [Interview] |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/it-is-just-a-speculation--nagarjuna-interview--telugu-news-107741 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206074616/http://www.indiaglitz.com/it-is-just-a-speculation--nagarjuna-interview--telugu-news-107741 |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref>

Kumar requested Nagarjuna a year's time to complete and provide the finishing touches to the script. The latter read the script to director [[K. Raghavendra Rao]], who suggested Kumar develop a simpler version, as the original was too complicated. The rewritten version was read to Nagarjuna in two and a half hours and to Nageswara Rao over six hours, as the latter wanted every detail to be clear. Due to the complex nature of the second half, the latter suggested Kumar to add a comedy plotline between grandfather and grandson. After its incorporation into the script,<ref name="manam genesis" /> and after considering the titles ''Hum'' and ''Trayam'', ''Manam'' was chosen as the film's title on Nageswara Rao's suggestion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 February 2013 |title=Trayam is now Manam? |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/trayam-is-now-manam-news-telugu-ncfmhddgffcsi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206074541/http://www.sify.com/movies/trayam-is-now-manam-news-telugu-ncfmhddgffcsi.html |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=19 May 2014 |title=ANR chose the title Manam: Nagarjuna |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ANR-chose-the-title-Manam-Nagarjuna/articleshow/35370489.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206074540/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ANR-chose-the-title-Manam-Nagarjuna/articleshow/35370489.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

The film was officially launched on 3 June 2013 at [[Annapurna Studios]] office by conducting a small [[Puja (Hinduism)|pooja]] ceremony.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2013 |title=Akkineni trio start off Manam |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/akkineni-trio-start-off-manam-news-telugu-ngdun9dieedsi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206074650/http://www.sify.com/movies/akkineni-trio-start-off-manam-news-telugu-ngdun9dieedsi.html |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Nageswara Rao died in late January 2014, making this film his last project as an actor. The promotion material featured the "Akkineni Family" as the film's producer. Nagarjuna revealed in an interview that he did so because Nageswara Rao taught his family the importance of it in his last days.<ref name="Nag Int RDF">{{Cite web |last=Rajamani |first=Radhika |date=22 May 2014 |title=Nagarjuna: Manam is simple and beautiful |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-nagarjuna-manam-is-simple-and-beautiful-south/20140522.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206074648/http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-nagarjuna-manam-is-simple-and-beautiful-south/20140522.htm |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> [[Reliance Entertainment]] co-produced and distributed the film.<ref>{{Cite news |last=TNN |author-link=Times News Network |date=1 August 2013 |title=Akkineni multistarrer Manam wraps up second schedule |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Akkineni-multistarrer-Manam-wraps-up-second-schedule/articleshow/21528149.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150209194110/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Akkineni-multistarrer-Manam-wraps-up-second-schedule/articleshow/21528149.cms |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
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| image1 = Ileana D'Cruz at 'Baadshaho' media meet.jpg
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| image2 = Shriya Saran at Save Mumbai Foundation 09.jpg
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Nagarjuna engaged [[Samantha Akkineni|Samantha Ruth Prabhu]] as the second female lead, to be paired with Chaitanya in the film. This was her third collaboration with Chaitanya after ''[[Ye Maaya Chesave]]'' (2010) and ''[[Autonagar Surya]]'' (2014).{{efn|''Manam'' had its theatrical release before ''Autonagar Surya'' because of the latter's financial problems.<ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |author-link=Indo-Asian News Service |date=30 June 2014 |title=Autonagar Surya earns only Rs 5.8 crore at box office! |url=http://www.bollywoodlife.com/south-gossip/autonagar-surya-earns-only-rs-5-8-crore-at-box-office/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224160206/http://www.bollywoodlife.com/south-gossip/autonagar-surya-earns-only-rs-5-8-crore-at-box-office/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=24 February 2015 |publisher=Bollywood Life}}</ref>|name = "release"}} Her inclusion was confirmed in mid-October 2012 by Nagarjuna in an interview with ''[[The Times of India]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kavirayani |first=Suresh |date=18 October 2012 |title=Samantha-Naga Chaitanya's filmi hattrick |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/telugu/news-interviews/Samantha-Naga-Chaitanyas-filmi-hattrick/articleshow/16864587.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206075408/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Samantha-Naga-Chaitanyas-filmi-hattrick/articleshow/16864587.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

[[Ileana D'Cruz]] was approached for the main female lead role to be paired with Nagarjuna in early February 2013. She was impressed with her role and the film's script and quoted a fee of {{INR}}20 million, which was denied by sources close to her.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=6 February 2013 |title=Ileana demanded Rs 2 cr remuneration for Nagarjuna's film? |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2013/ileana-dcruz-demand-2-cr-remuneration-nagarjuna-film-103284.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206075316/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2013/ileana-dcruz-demand-2-cr-remuneration-nagarjuna-film-103284.html |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> However, [[Shriya Saran]] was signed as the main female lead as her fourth collaboration with Nagarjuna.{{efn|Shriya Saran collaborated with Nagarjuna for three films in the past : ''[[Santosham (2002 film)|Santosham]]'' (2002), ''[[Nenunnanu]]'' (2004) and ''[[Boss (2006 film)|Boss – I Love You]]'' (2006).}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2013 |title=Shriya cast opposite Nag in Manam |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/shriya-cast-opposite-nag-in-manam-news-telugu-ndloCCacahg.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206075318/http://www.sify.com/movies/shriya-cast-opposite-nag-in-manam-news-telugu-ndloCCacahg.html |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Nagarjuna announced in mid September 2013 that Kaushal Sharma, Srikar Chittarbu and Krishna Yadav, who graduated from the [[Annapurna International School of Film and Media]], would make their debut with this film.<ref>{{Cite news |date=13 September 2013 |title=Nagarjuna introduces debutantes for Manam |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/Nagarjuna-introduces-debutantes-for-Manam/2013/09/13/article1781663.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206075458/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/Nagarjuna-introduces-debutantes-for-Manam/2013/09/13/article1781663.ece |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref>

Nagarjuna's younger son [[Akhil Akkineni]] was rumoured to be making a cameo appearance following Nageswara Rao's request.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 November 2013 |title=Akhil To Make A Surprise Appearance In 'Manam' |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/telugu/article/100027.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206075732/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/telugu/article/100027.html |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> Sources close to the film's unit initially denied those reports.<ref>{{Cite news |last=A. S. |first=Sashidhar |date=19 November 2013 |title=No Akhil cameo in Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/No-Akhil-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/26044231.cms |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206075859/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/No-Akhil-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/26044231.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Samantha later tweeted that Akhil appeared for shooting his portions in the film.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kamal |first=S. S. |date=24 November 2013 |title=Samantha's tweet has Nag fuming |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/Samanthas-tweet-has-Nag-fuming/articleshow/26324058.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206075729/http://www.bangaloremirror.com/entertainment/south-masala/Samanthas-tweet-has-Nag-fuming/articleshow/26324058.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=[[Bangalore Mirror]]}}</ref> When his health conditions worsened, Nageswara Rao asked Nagarjuna to bring the [[Dubbing (filmmaking)|dubbing]] equipment to dub for his role fifteen days before his surgery as he did not want any other artist to do it if his voice worsened. He completed those activities just before he died on 22 January 2014. Only an appearance in a song remained incomplete.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sushil Rao |first=Ch |date=30 January 2014 |title=ANR dubbed for his film from his death bed |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ANR-dubbed-for-his-film-from-his-death-bed/articleshow/29589880.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206080002/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ANR-dubbed-for-his-film-from-his-death-bed/articleshow/29589880.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

{{Quote box|width=30%|align=right|quote="My father [Nageswara Rao] always thought of Bachchan ''saab'' as one of the finest actors we have. I thought just having him in my film would be an honour to my father's memory. When I asked him, he immediately agreed. We didn't want Bachchan ''saab''{{'}}s appearance to be made public. We wanted it to be a surprise. But nothing he does can remain undisclosed."|source=Nagarjuna in an interview with [[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |author-link=Indo-Asian News Service |date=12 May 2014 |title=Amitabh Bachchan makes a cameo appearance in Nagarjuna's family film 'Manam' |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/amitabh-bachchan-makes-a-cameo-appearance-in-nagarjunas-family-film-manam/471252-8-66.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206080004/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/amitabh-bachchan-makes-a-cameo-appearance-in-nagarjunas-family-film-manam/471252-8-66.html |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |publisher=[[IBN Live]]}}</ref>}}
[[Neetu Chandra]], who worked with Kumar on ''[[Yavarum Nalam]]'' (2009), made a cameo appearance in the film. Nagarjuna's sister Supriya told the media that a few other actors also made cameo appearances in the film.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Hemanth |date=9 February 2014 |title=Neetu Chandra does a cameo in 'Manam' |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Neetu-Chandra-does-a-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/30111436.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206080005/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Neetu-Chandra-does-a-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/30111436.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> [[Raashii Khanna]] confirmed in early April 2014 that she too would make such an appearance.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Hemanth |date=7 April 2014 |title=Raashi Khanna does a cameo in Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Raashi-Khanna-does-a-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/33406347.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303101923/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Raashi-Khanna-does-a-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/33406347.cms |archive-date=3 March 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Kumar convinced Nagarjuna to let Akhil make a cameo appearance towards the end of the film or in a special song. However an official confirmation was originally unavailable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=5 April 2014 |title=Akhil to do a song in Manam? |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Akhil-to-do-a-song-in-Manam/articleshow/33289587.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220613011002/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Akhil-to-do-a-song-in-Manam/articleshow/33289587.cms |archive-date=13 June 2022 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=7 April 2014 |title=Akhil to debut with Manam? |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140406/entertainment-tollywood/article/akhil-debut-manam |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206123451/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140406/entertainment-tollywood/article/akhil-debut-manam |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref> [[Amitabh Bachchan]] posted in his official blogging site on 27 April 2014 that he would make a quick cameo appearance in the film which would be his debut in Telugu cinema.<ref>{{Cite news |last=IANS |date=27 April 2014 |title=Amitabh Bachchan cameo in Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Amitabh-Bachchan-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/34318423.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150209194221/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Amitabh-Bachchan-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/34318423.cms |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> [[Lavanya Tripathi]] also made a cameo appearance on Kumar's request.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=15 May 2014 |title=Lavanya does a cameo in Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Lavanya-does-a-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/35172211.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150209194205/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Lavanya-does-a-cameo-in-Manam/articleshow/35172211.cms |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Akhil made a cameo towards the film's end, as he did not want to miss a chance of sharing the screen with his grandfather.<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 May 2014 |title=I was quite nervous and excited while shooting for Manam : Akhil |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/I-was-quite-nervous-and-excited-while-shooting-for-Manam-Akhil/articleshow/35856144.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703100939/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/I-was-quite-nervous-and-excited-while-shooting-for-Manam-Akhil/articleshow/35856144.cms |archive-date=3 July 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

=== Crew ===
[[Anup Rubens]] was selected to compose the film's music and background score in mid March 2013 marking his second collaboration with both Kumar and Chaitanya after ''Ishq'' (2012) and ''Autonagar Surya'' (2014) respectively.{{efn|name = "release"}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 March 2013 |title=Anup Rubens to compose for Akkineni's Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/telugu/news-interviews/Anup-Rubens-to-compose-for-Akkinenis-Manam/articleshow/19003601.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206094043/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Anup-Rubens-to-compose-for-Akkinenis-Manam/articleshow/19003601.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Kumar read the script to Rubens without revealing the film's cast. After Rubens accepted a role in the film, both met Nagarjuna. Rubens said in an interview that he worked for fewer days when compared to his previous works and added that Kumar had a small story to tell within every song in the film. Due to Nageswara Rao's death, a song's tune was replaced with another tune and a few lines of the song ''Nenu Puttanu'' from the film ''[[Prem Nagar (1971 film)|Prem Nagar]]'' (1971).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kavirayani |first=Suresh |date=27 May 2014 |title=The hero behind Manam's music |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140527/entertainment-tollywood/article/hero-behind-manam%E2%80%99s-music |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206093836/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140527/entertainment-tollywood/article/hero-behind-manam%E2%80%99s-music |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref>

[[Harsha Vardhan]] was selected in late April 2013 to write the film's dialogues, in consideration of his work in ''[[Gunde Jaari Gallanthayyinde]]'' (2013).<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 April 2013 |title=Harshavardhan to work for Akkineni's Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Harshavardhan-to-work-for-Akkinenis-Manam/articleshow/19764612.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206094111/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Harshavardhan-to-work-for-Akkinenis-Manam/articleshow/19764612.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Since the film was a period drama, Nagarjuna wanted an experienced veteran cinematographer, and approached [[P. C. Sreeram]]. As Sreeram was busy with ''[[I (2015 film)|I]]'' (2015), [[P. S. Vinod]] was finalised as the cinematographer, marking his return to Telugu cinema after ''[[Panjaa]]'' (2011).<ref name="Nag Int RDF" /> Chennai-based costume designer Nalini Sriram, who worked for ''Ye Maaya Chesave'', was selected as the film's costume designer. While all the artists had to give their inputs for the costumes, Nageswara Rao gave her full freedom to design the film's costumes.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dhiman |first=Anisha |date=29 May 2014 |title=From Roja to the 21st century |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140529/entertainment-tollywood/article/roja-21st-century |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206094136/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140529/entertainment-tollywood/article/roja-21st-century |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref>

[[Rajeevan]], also a part of the technical team of ''Ye Maaya Chesave'', was chosen as the film's art director.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=Subhaj |date=13 July 2014 |title=Sets Appeal |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/sets-appeal/article6204852.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206094206/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/sets-appeal/article6204852.ece |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> In a press interview during the first look launch, executive producer Supriya announced the remaining key technicians. Prawin Pudi was confirmed as the film's editor. [[Brinda (choreographer)|Brinda]] was signed in on to choreograph the song sequences. [[FEFSI Vijayan]] was chosen as the stunt choreographer. [[Vanamali]] and [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]] were chosen to write the lyrics for the songs.<ref name="first look">{{Cite web |date=19 September 2013 |title='Manam' First Look |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-first-look-telugu-news-97715 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206135034/http://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-first-look-telugu-news-97715 |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref>

=== Characterisations ===

Nageswara Rao played the role of a 90-year-old man.<ref name="Spirit">{{Cite news |date=1 February 2014 |title=Dad's the spirit! |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/dads-the-spirit/article5640537.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207101500/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/dads-the-spirit/article5640537.ece |archive-date=7 February 2015 |access-date=7 February 2015 |work=The Hindu}}</ref> His character enters the film just before the interval and remains until the very end of the film.<ref name="Nag Int RDF" /> All the members of the principal cast except Nageswara Rao played dual roles in the film. Nagarjuna said in an interview that he would be seen in the 1920s, 1980s and 2013 and would play a zamindar in 1920.<ref name="Nag Int RDF" /> Saran revealed that every character in the film would have a specific aspect; Nagarjuna's character loves cars.<ref name="Manam Shriya" /> Regarding her role, Saran said that she would be seen as a poor but content farmer in the flashback sequences and a doctor in the present day.<ref name="Shriya Int RDF">{{Cite web |last=Rajamani |first=Radhika |date=19 May 2014 |title=Shriya Saran: I am blessed to be a part of Manam |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/slide-show-1-shriya-saran-i-am-blessed-to-be-a-part-of-manam/20140519.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207101457/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/slide-show-1-shriya-saran-i-am-blessed-to-be-a-part-of-manam/20140519.htm |archive-date=7 February 2015 |access-date=7 February 2015 |website=Rediff.com}}</ref> She added "My character goes back to 1930s and comes back in the present era. I can't tell how it happens though. It's a fun character and you will find me stammering a lot. Suddenly, I'm talking normally and suddenly I start stammering, that's how you understand my character."<ref name="Manam Shriya" /> She added that apart from Nagarjuna, she has more scenes with Nageswara Rao and only a couple of scenes with Chaitanya in the film.<ref name="Shriya Int RDF" />

Chaitanya is seen as the father of a six-year-old in the 1980s and a happy-go-lucky college student in 2013. He described the former role as a challenging one.<ref name="NC Int DC">{{Cite news |last=Kavirayani |first=Suresh |date=28 May 2014 |title=The new Nag in town |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140528/entertainment-tollywood/article/new-nag-town |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207101456/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140528/entertainment-tollywood/article/new-nag-town |archive-date=7 February 2015 |access-date=7 February 2015 |work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref> He also said that both the roles would have multiple layers and added, "The film as you all would know by now, is spread across three generations, and all the characters go back and forth in time. I play a happy-go-lucky college guy in the present era. It's a typically fun character and has nothing in common with my character from the flashback. So acting wise, it was a big challenge".<ref name="NC Int TOI">{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=19 May 2014 |title=Naga Chaitanya plays a college boy in Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Naga-Chaitanya-plays-a-college-boy-in-Manam/articleshow/35343494.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207101809/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Naga-Chaitanya-plays-a-college-boy-in-Manam/articleshow/35343494.cms |archive-date=7 February 2015 |access-date=7 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> He described the drunk scenes shared with Nagarjuna, Nageswara Rao and his confrontation scene with Samantha towards the end of the film as the toughest scenes to act.<ref name="NC Int DC" /><ref name="NC Int TOI" />

Samantha revealed that she too would be seen in a dual role – a mature mother named Krishna Veni in the past and a bubbly girl named Priya in the present. She added that she would not be overshadowed in the film despite the presence of three male leads.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajamani |first=Radhika |date=23 May 2014 |title=Samantha: I am God's favourite child |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/slide-show-1-samantha-i-am-gods-favourite-child-south/20140523.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207101806/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/slide-show-1-samantha-i-am-gods-favourite-child-south/20140523.htm |archive-date=7 February 2015 |access-date=7 February 2015 |website=Rediff.com}}</ref> Similar to ''Ye Maaya Chesave'', Chaitanya and Samantha had a kissing scene in this film as a part of the script.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kavirayani |first=Suresh |date=19 July 2014 |title=Tollywood's kiss and tell saga |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140719/entertainment-tollywood/article/tollywood%E2%80%99s-kiss-and-tell-saga |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207101804/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140719/entertainment-tollywood/article/tollywood%E2%80%99s-kiss-and-tell-saga |archive-date=7 February 2015 |access-date=7 February 2015 |work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref> A clip of one of Samantha's looks in the film was leaked in late July 2013. She was seen sporting an urban look and opted for a complete makeover.<ref name="samantha look" /> Nagarjuna's look in the film was leaked in mid August 2013 and he was seen sporting [[Glasses|corrective eyeglasses]] and a conventional clean shave and moustache for which he removed the [[goatee]] he grew for his previous works ''[[Greeku Veerudu]]'' (2013) and ''[[Bhai (2013 film)|Bhai]]'' (2013).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=21 August 2013 |title=Nagarjuna's new look for Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Nagarjunas-new-look-for-Manam/articleshow/21966142.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207101802/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Nagarjunas-new-look-for-Manam/articleshow/21966142.cms |archive-date=7 February 2015 |access-date=7 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Saran's look in the film's flashback sequences was leaked in late February 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=25 February 2014 |title=Picture: Shriya Saran's Look In Manam Leaked On Net |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/shriya-saran-first-look-manam-leaked-on-net-132745.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208071633/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/shriya-saran-first-look-manam-leaked-on-net-132745.html |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref>

The film had two particular wedding scenes, one filmed on Chaitanya and Samantha and the other on Nagarjuna and Saran. The first pair greet each other with "Hi" during the wedding. When Kumar wrote those scenes, they were surprised and felt that such scenes were unrealistic. But it was retained as Nageswara Rao liked it. For the other wedding scene, Kumar wanted to heighten the emotions between the two characters in that scene and it was Nagarjuna who came up with the idea of not revealing his identity to the bride till the last moment.<ref>{{Cite news |last=A. S. |first=Sashidhar |date=13 December 2014 |title=Looking back: Iconic scenes of Tollywood in 2014 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Looking-back-Iconic-scenes-of-Tollywood-in-2014/articleshow/45505116.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207102007/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Looking-back-Iconic-scenes-of-Tollywood-in-2014/articleshow/45505116.cms |archive-date=7 February 2015 |access-date=7 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

=== Filming ===
[[File:A-Block at Night.jpg|thumb|right|[[Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani – Hyderabad|Hyderabad campus of BITS Pilani]], where the film was partly shot.]]
[[Principal photography]] began on 7 June 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2013 |title=Manam launched today |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-launched-today-telugu-news-94269 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206140624/http://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-launched-today-telugu-news-94269 |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> Scenes focusing on Chaitanya and Samantha were shot at [[Narayanguda]] in mid June 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 June 2013 |title=Naga Chaitanya & Samantha shooting in Hyderabad |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/naga-chaitanya--samantha-shooting-in-hyderabad-telugu-news-94562 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206140611/http://www.indiaglitz.com/naga-chaitanya--samantha-shooting-in-hyderabad-telugu-news-94562 |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The latter completed her part in the schedule and left for [[Switzerland]] on 18 June 2013 to work on ''[[Attarintiki Daredi]]'' (2013).<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 June 2013 |title=Samantha craves for small films |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/samantha-craves-for-small-films-news-telugu-ngssieaiaeasi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206140610/http://www.sify.com/movies/samantha-craves-for-small-films-news-telugu-ngssieaiaeasi.html |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> The first schedule was wrapped up by late June 2013 and the second schedule was scheduled to begin in mid-July 2013. Some important scenes were planned to be shot in that schedule.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2013 |title=Manam completes first schedule |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/manam-completes-first-schedule-news-telugu-ng0qr3ffcjesi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206140944/http://www.sify.com/movies/manam-completes-first-schedule-news-telugu-ng0qr3ffcjesi.html |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Shriya Saran joined the film's sets in late July 2013.<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 July 2013 |title=Shriya begins shooting for Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Shriya-begins-shooting-for-Manam/articleshow/28194594.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206140942/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Shriya-begins-shooting-for-Manam/articleshow/28194594.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Samantha tweeted on 31 July 2013 that the film's second schedule had been wrapped up.<ref name="samantha look">{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=31 July 2013 |title=Samantha's new look in Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Samanthas-new-look-in-Manam/articleshow/21511480.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206140941/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Samanthas-new-look-in-Manam/articleshow/21511480.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> The film was shot in [[Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani – Hyderabad|Hyderabad Campus of Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani]] in late August 2013 and Samantha rejoined the film's sets on 1 September 2013 after completing ''[[Ramayya Vasthavayya]]'' (2013).<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2013 |title=Manam shooting going on at BITS |url=http://www.123telugu.com/mnews/manam-shooting-going-on-at-bits.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141436/http://www.123telugu.com/mnews/manam-shooting-going-on-at-bits.html |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |publisher=123telugu.com}}</ref>

Scenes featuring Nageswara Rao, Nagarjuna and Chaitanya were shot from 9 September 2013 in Hyderabad.<ref>{{Cite news |last=IANS |date=5 September 2013 |title=Ahead of 'Manam' shooting, Chaitanya experiences jitters |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/Ahead-of-Manam-shooting-Chaitanya-experiences-jitters/2013/09/05/article1769343.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141434/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/Ahead-of-Manam-shooting-Chaitanya-experiences-jitters/2013/09/05/article1769343.ece |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The New Indian Express}}</ref> Executive producer Supriya announced in mid September 2013 that the filming would be completed by November 2013.<ref name="first look" /> Nageswara Rao had chronic stomach ache, and doctors found out on 8 October 2013 that he is suffering from cancer. He announced this to the press on 19 October 2013 while on set.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 October 2013 |title=Akkineni Nageswara Rao has cancer |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Akkineni-Nageswara-Rao-has-cancer/articleshow/24388822.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141432/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Akkineni-Nageswara-Rao-has-cancer/articleshow/24388822.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Recovering from surgery, Nageswara Rao rejoined the film's sets in mid November 2013.<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 November 2013 |title=ANR back on the sets of Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ANR-back-on-the-sets-of-Manam/articleshow/25980401.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141707/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ANR-back-on-the-sets-of-Manam/articleshow/25980401.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> A 15-day schedule in [[Kodagu district|Coorg]] starting from 1 December 2013 was announced in late November 2013 and key scenes on all the members of the principal cast except Nageswara Rao were planned to be shot.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 November 2013 |title='Manam' To Shoot in Coorg From The 1st December |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-to-shoot-in-coorg-from-the-1st-december-tamil-news-100243 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206094302/http://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-to-shoot-in-coorg-from-the-1st-december-tamil-news-100243 |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The next schedule began in mid December 2013 at [[Mysore]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 December 2013 |title=Akkineni's Manam to be shot in Mysore |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Akkinenis-Manam-to-be-shot-in-Mysore/articleshow/27132015.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141706/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Akkinenis-Manam-to-be-shot-in-Mysore/articleshow/27132015.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

[[File:Palais-Mysore.jpg|thumb|left|[[Lalitha Mahal]], where the flashback portions were partly shot.]]
The film's team continued filming at [[Melukote]], [[Lalitha Mahal]] and in the [[Backwater (river)|backwaters]] of the [[Krishna Raja Sagara]] among others.<ref>{{Cite news |last=V. G. |first=Sridhar |date=18 December 2013 |title=Nagarjuna enjoys shooting in Melkote |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Nagarjuna-enjoys-shooting-in-Melkote/articleshow/27597772.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141704/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Nagarjuna-enjoys-shooting-in-Melkote/articleshow/27597772.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Samantha completed filming her portions on 22 February 2014.<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 February 2014 |title=Samantha wraps up Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Samantha-wraps-up-Manam/articleshow/30869340.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141849/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Samantha-wraps-up-Manam/articleshow/30869340.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> By late March 2014, the entire filming, except for a song sequence, was completed; the song was planned to be shot in April 2014<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Hemanth |date=30 March 2014 |title=Manam's shooting nears completion |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manams-shooting-nears-completion/articleshow/32975076.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141847/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manams-shooting-nears-completion/articleshow/32975076.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Featuring Nagarjuna and Naga Chaitanya, it was shot at Annapurna Studios in mid-April 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 April 2014 |title='Manam' last song being shot in Annapurna Studios |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-last-song-being-shot-in-Annapurna-Studios-telugu-news-106239 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206161357/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-last-song-being-shot-in-Annapurna-Studios-telugu-news-106239 |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> Amitabh Bachchan shot the scenes for his cameo at the [[Filmistan Studio]] in [[Mumbai]] on 27 April 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |date=28 April 2014 |title=Amitabh Bachchan shoots cameo for Nagarjuna's Manam |url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/amitabh-bachchan-shoots-cameo-for-nagarjunas-manam-638934 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141953/http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/amitabh-bachchan-shoots-cameo-for-nagarjunas-manam-638934 |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |publisher=NDTV}}</ref>

Saran later revealed in an interview that during the shoot at Coorg, the team's day began at 4:30 am every day. She visited coffee plantation and black pepper farms to observe the farmers' work for her part. For a few particular scenes, where Saran teaches Nagarjuna some farm chores, the team made a few takes, as Nagajuna, being a quick learner, completed the tasks better than Saran.<ref name="Manam Shriya">{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Hemanth |date=17 May 2014 |title=ANR's life would make for a great movie, Shriya Saran says |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ANRs-life-would-make-for-a-great-movie-Shriya-Saran-says/articleshow/35264135.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206142050/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ANRs-life-would-make-for-a-great-movie-Shriya-Saran-says/articleshow/35264135.cms |archive-date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

== Themes and influences ==
The film was initially rumoured to be inspired by the American [[science fiction]] [[comedy film]] ''[[Back to the Future]]''. It was also compared with an older Hindi film ''[[Kal Aaj Aur Kal]]'' (1971) for its casting.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roy |first=Gitanjali |date=8 April 2014 |title=Nagarjuna's Akkineni clan unites in Manam trailer |url=http://movies.ndtv.com/regional/nagarjunas-akkineni-clan-unites-in-manam-trailer-638482 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208162959/http://movies.ndtv.com/regional/nagarjunas-akkineni-clan-unites-in-manam-trailer-638482 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=[[NDTV]]}}</ref>

Nagarjuna revealed that the film is set over a period of a hundred years, up until 2013, and involves reincarnation.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=5 May 2014 |title=Manam spans 100 years says Nag |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-spans-100-years-says-Nag/articleshow/34719627.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208160811/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-spans-100-years-says-Nag/articleshow/34719627.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> He said in an interview that the film's script is not particularly intense, but has a light narration.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 May 2014 |title='Manam' script is not intense : Nagarjuna |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-script-is-not-intense--nagarjuna-telugu-news-107064 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208160810/http://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-script-is-not-intense--nagarjuna-telugu-news-107064 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The film's basic theme, established by Kumar and his assistant directors, was "that things have changed and our sorrows and joys have been exchanged; Night and day, morning and evening, a movement of souls united in being, cosmic beings rearranged. Some things may go wrong in one's life but they are corrected in the other life. The universe and nature correct the mistakes made in one life, in the other." He said that this statement would seem complex but would be fully explained by the film.<ref name="manam genesis" />

Nagarjuna added that the film's characters would reborn with no special purpose unlike other reincarnation films like ''[[Janaki Ramudu]]'' (1988), ''[[Arundhati (2009 film)|Arundhati]]'' (2009) and ''[[Magadheera]]'' (2009).<ref name="manam genesis" /> Saran said in an interview that the film basically has a family-oriented theme and is about falling in love with "small, little things that you sort of don't see every day, but are really, really important".<ref name="Manam Shriya" /> Unlike other reincarnation based films, the film's story develops two separate themes – the relationship between reborn lovers, but also the relationship between reborn ''parents'' and their children.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dayanand Boddapati |first=Karthik |date=28 May 2014 |title=The legacy of Manam! |url=http://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/mind-u-read/12912/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211054241/http://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/mind-u-read/12912/ |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Naga Chaitanya acknowledged in an interview with ''[[The Hindu]]'' that the film's script might seem to have a few overly-convenient coincidences, but felt that Kumar's detailing in every scene made the script believable.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Devi Dundoo |first=Sangeetha |date=31 August 2014 |title=Romance, this way |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/naga-chaitanya-talks-about-his-films/article6365124.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208160809/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/naga-chaitanya-talks-about-his-films/article6365124.ece |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Hindu}}</ref>

== Music ==
{{Main|Manam (soundtrack)}}

The soundtrack features five songs as well as a theme musical piece all composed by Anoop Rubens. Chandrabose wrote lyrics for three songs and the remaining two were written by Vanamali and Rubens himself.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2014 |title=Tracklist |url=http://play.raaga.com/telugu/album/Manam-songs-A0003358 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208100606/http://play.raaga.com/telugu/album/Manam-songs-A0003358 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref> [[Aditya Music]] acquired the audio rights and released the soundtrack on 9 May 2014 on [[YouTube]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 May 2014 |title=Manam's audio is out |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/Manams-audio-is-out/articleshow/34887433.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208100605/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/Manams-audio-is-out/articleshow/34887433.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> The soundtrack received positive response, especially for the songs ''Kanulanu Thaake'' and ''Chinni Chinni Aasalu''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 May 2014 |title=Manam audio gets good response |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Entertainment/Telugu/Music/Manam-audio-gets-good-response/articleshow/34926175.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208100603/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Entertainment/Telugu/Music/Manam-audio-gets-good-response/articleshow/34926175.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

== Release ==
Nagarjuna planned to release the film on 31 March 2014, on the eve of [[Ugadi]],{{efn|[[Ugadi]] is the New Year's Day for the people of the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]] region of [[India]]. It falls on a different day every year because the [[Hindu calendar]] is a [[lunisolar calendar]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 April 2005 |title=Ugadi a time to rejoice |url=http://www.thehindu.com/2005/04/04/stories/2005040402650300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224160504/http://www.thehindu.com/2005/04/04/stories/2005040402650300.htm |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=24 February 2015 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>}} confirmed on a visit to the [[Tirumala Venkateswara Temple]] with Akhil in early March 2014.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=2 March 2014 |title=Manam will release on Ugadi, Nagarjuna confirms |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-will-release-on-Ugadi-Nagarjuna-confirms/articleshow/31272298.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208075620/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-will-release-on-Ugadi-Nagarjuna-confirms/articleshow/31272298.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> However, he later postponed the film's release, planning to release the film after the [[2014 Indian general election|2014 general elections]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2014 |title=Ambiguity on 'Manam' release date |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/ambiguity-on-manam-release-date-telugu-news-104857 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208075703/http://www.indiaglitz.com/ambiguity-on-manam-release-date-telugu-news-104857 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The film's trailer confirmed the release date as 23 May 2014.<ref name="trailer ibt" /> The film was confirmed to feature in both Dolby Atmos and 5.1 surround sound systems.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 April 2014 |title='Race Gurram' and 'Manam' to release in Dolby Atmos |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/Race-Gurram-and-Manam-to-release-in-Dolby-Atmos-telugu-news-105844 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208050331/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Race-Gurram-and-Manam-to-release-in-Dolby-Atmos-telugu-news-105844 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> On 14 May 2014, the [[Central Board of Film Certification]] passed the film with a [[U/A certificate]] instead of a [[U certificate (India)|U certificate]] that the makers expected because of a few drinking scenes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=14 May 2014 |title=Nagarjuna's Manam Bags U/A Certificate From Censor Board |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/nagarjuna-manam-bag-ua-certificate-from-censor-board-139266.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208075616/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/nagarjuna-manam-bag-ua-certificate-from-censor-board-139266.html |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> The [[British Board of Film Classification]] passed the film with a PG rating due to "brief images of injury, mild bad language".<ref name="BBFC">{{Cite web |date=13 May 2014 |title=MANAM (2014) |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/manam-2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208151012/http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/manam-2014 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=[[British Board of Film Classification|BBFC]]}}</ref>

Nagarjuna arranged a special premiere show on 22 May 2014 at [[Prasads IMAX]] for Nageswara Rao's fans.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2014 |title='Manam' exclusive premiere show for old ANR fans |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-exclusive-premiere-show-for-old-ANR-fans-telugu-news-107526 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208075825/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-exclusive-premiere-show-for-old-ANR-fans-telugu-news-107526 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> He succumbed to the huge demand from the admirers of Nageswara Rao and changed the single screen premiere into a five-multiplex screen red carpet show at Prasads IMAX, playing host to thousands of celebrity invitees.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=18 May 2014 |title=Manam red carpet premiere show on May 22 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-red-carpet-premiere-show-on-May-22/articleshow/35296004.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208075855/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-red-carpet-premiere-show-on-May-22/articleshow/35296004.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> CineGalaxy Inc. stated that the film would release in more than 100 screens in the [[United States]] alone with advance ticketing commencing at few locations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2014 |title=Grand Release of "MANAM" in 100 Plus Theaters in USA |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/Grand-Release-of-MANAM-in-100-Plus-Theaters-in-USA-telugu-news-107634 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208075853/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Grand-Release-of-MANAM-in-100-Plus-Theaters-in-USA-telugu-news-107634 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The film's release however clashed with ''Vikrama Simha'', the Telugu dubbed version of ''[[Kochadaiiyaan]]'' (2014).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=14 May 2014 |title=It's Manam Vs Vikramasimha at Tollywood Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-vikramasimha-clash-tollywood-box-office-140730.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208080127/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-vikramasimha-clash-tollywood-box-office-140730.html |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref>

Nagarjuna planned to release the film in more than 1000 screens in India as well as international markets. In India, 171 theatres in Nizam,{{efn|For film trade purpose, the Nizam region includes the three districts of [[Kalaburagi district|Kalaburagi]], [[Bidar district|Bidar]], and [[Raichur district|Raichur]] in [[Karnataka]] and seven districts in the [[Marathwada]] region including [[Aurangabad district, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]], [[Latur district|Latur]], [[Nanded district|Nanded]], [[Parbhani district|Parbhani]], [[Beed district|Beed]], [[Jalna district|Jalna]] and [[Osmanabad district|Osmanabad]] apart from the state of [[Telangana]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 July 2013 |title=Nizam territory will remain indispensable for Tollywood |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Nizam-territory-will-remain-indispensable-for-Tollywood/articleshow/21499426.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215082550/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Nizam-territory-will-remain-indispensable-for-Tollywood/articleshow/21499426.cms |archive-date=15 February 2015 |access-date=24 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>}} 95 theatres in [[Rayalaseema|Ceded]], 50 theatres in [[Vishakhapatnam]], 85 theatres in [[East Godavari district|East]] and [[East Godavari district|West Godavari]] districts, 40 theatres in [[Krishna district|Krishna]], 45 theatres in [[Guntur district|Guntur]], 25 theatres in [[Nellore district|Nellore]], 12 screens in [[Chennai]], 20 screens in [[Bangalore]] and 25 screens in [[Maharashtra]] were booked. In overseas, 108 screens in the United States, 9 screens in [[Toronto]], 6 screens in [[Germany]], 2 screens in [[Switzerland]] and 3 screens in [[Netherlands]] were booked.<ref name="big release">{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=22 May 2014 |title=Nagarjuna's Manam Has Record Amount Of Advance Ticket Booking |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/nagarjuna-manam-record-amount-advance-ticket-booking-140689.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208080132/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/nagarjuna-manam-record-amount-advance-ticket-booking-140689.html |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |url-status=live |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> The advance ticket booking was made available both online as well as in theatres five days before the film's release. It registered nearly 50% advance booking by 22 May 2014 and was expected to register more than 75% before its theatrical release. It was also dubbed and released in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Hindi]] under the same title.<ref name="big release" />

=== Distribution ===
Sudhakar Reddy acquired the distribution rights of the film in Nizam Region.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 May 2014 |title=Nithiin plans to watch Manam with Akhil |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news-interviews/Nithiin-plans-to-watch-Manam-with-Akhil/articleshow/34536142.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208151135/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Nithiin-plans-to-watch-Manam-with-Akhil/articleshow/34536142.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> CineGalaxy Inc. acquired the entire overseas theatrical screening rights of the film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2014 |title='MANAM' in overseas by CineGalaxy |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/telugu/article/107083.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208151009/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/telugu/article/107083.html |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> Lorgan Entertainments acquired the film's distribution rights for Australia and New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 May 2014 |title='Manam' theatrical rights for Australia & New Zealand |work=Lorgan Entertainment |url=http://lorganet.com.au/manam-theatrical-rights-australia-new-zealand/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208151246/http://lorganet.com.au/manam-theatrical-rights-australia-new-zealand/ |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=Lorgan Entertainments}}</ref> DBB Films later acquired the theatrical screening rights of the film in all European countries except the United Kingdom,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2014 |title=MANAM in EUROPE excluding UK by DBB Films |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-in-europe-excluding-uk-by-dbb-films-telugu-news-107313 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208151244/http://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-in-europe-excluding-uk-by-dbb-films-telugu-news-107313 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> where Errabus Films was the distributor.<ref name="BBFC" />

=== Promotion ===
The first look poster of the film was unveiled by Nagarjuna on 19 September 2013 on the eve of Nageswara Rao's 90th birthday.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 September 2013 |title=First look of Akkineni multistarrer Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/telugu/news-interviews/First-look-of-Akkineni-multistarrer-Manam/articleshow/22760881.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208045935/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/First-look-of-Akkineni-multistarrer-Manam/articleshow/22760881.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> The poster featured Nagarjuna dressed in a black [[Suit (clothing)|suit]], Chaitanya sitting in a throne as an elder in traditional costume and Nageswara Rao sitting on the floor posing as a child. The poster received praise for its offbeat theme.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2013 |title=Manam provides novel experience |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/manam-provides-novel-experience-news-telugu-njxqUDaadajsi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208045933/http://www.sify.com/movies/manam-provides-novel-experience-news-telugu-njxqUDaadajsi.html |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> The theatrical trailer of the film was planned to be released on 11 April 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2014 |title='Manam' theatrical trailer release date confirmed |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/manam%20theatrical%20trailer%20release%20date%20confirmed-telugu-news-105177 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208045947/http://www.indiaglitz.com/manam%20theatrical%20trailer%20release%20date%20confirmed-telugu-news-105177 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The second poster was released on 31 March 2014 on the eve of [[Ugadi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2014 |title=Something unusual on the cards from the Akkineni family |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/Something-unusual-on-the-cards-from-the-Akkineni-family-telugu-news-105560 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208050103/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Something-unusual-on-the-cards-from-the-Akkineni-family-telugu-news-105560 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> A special video named "Candid Moments" was released along with the theatrical trailer as a tribute to Nageswara Rao on 8 April 2014 on the eve of Sri Rama Navami.<ref>{{Cite news |date=3 April 2014 |title='Manam' cast pays tribute to Akkineni Nageswara Rao |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140403/entertainment-tollywood/article/manam-cast-pays-tribute-akkineni-nageswara-rao |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208050130/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140403/entertainment-tollywood/article/manam-cast-pays-tribute-akkineni-nageswara-rao |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title='Manam' theatrical trailer on April 8th |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-theatrical-trailer-on-april-8th-telugu-news-105686 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208050239/http://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-theatrical-trailer-on-april-8th-telugu-news-105686 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The trailer began with a voiceover of Rao and ends with the message "ANR Lives On".<ref name="trailer ibt">{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=8 April 2014 |title='Manam' Trailer Released; Gets Fantastic Response from Celebrities, Fans |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/039manam039-trailer-released-gets-fantastic-response-from-celebrities-fans-547116 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208050330/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/039manam039-trailer-released-gets-fantastic-response-from-celebrities-fans-547116 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref>

Upon release, the trailer went [[Viral video|viral]], praised as "refreshing".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Hemanth |date=7 April 2014 |title=Manam's trailer goes viral |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news-interviews/Manams-trailer-goes-viral/articleshow/33406008.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208050407/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manams-trailer-goes-viral/articleshow/33406008.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> IndiaGlitz stated "The trailer looks very refreshing and promising. In overall, the trailer looks very delightful, colourful and loaded with entertainment. Hope the movie will be a befitting farewell for the great actor Akkineni Nageswara Rao" and gave it the verdict "Refreshing, Vibrant and Vivid".<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 April 2014 |title='Manam' movie trailer review |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-movie-trailer-review-telugu-news-105891 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208052032/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-movie-trailer-review-telugu-news-105891 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> [[Oneindia.com|Oneindia Entertainment]] stated "The trailer of Manam shows that the movie has amazing background score, stunning camera work, breath-taking exotic locales, wonderful performances by the lead actors".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=8 April 2014 |title=Manam Trailer Review: It's Going To Be A Treat For Family Audience |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-trailer-review-treat-for-family-audience-watch-video-136113.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208052030/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-trailer-review-treat-for-family-audience-watch-video-136113.html |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> The trailer was also screened in theatres screening ''[[Race Gurram]]'' (2014) on 11 April 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2014 |title='Manam' trailer with 'Race Gurram' movie |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-trailer-with-Race-Gurram-movie-telugu-news-106041 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208052028/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-trailer-with-Race-Gurram-movie-telugu-news-106041 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The trailer received 1 million views of YouTube. Nagarjuna released the promo of the song ''Piyo Piyo Re'' on 26 April 2014.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=26 April 2014 |title=Nagarjuna releases Manam special song |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Nagarjuna-releases-Manam-special-song/articleshow/34246409.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208052515/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Nagarjuna-releases-Manam-special-song/articleshow/34246409.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> It featured Nagarjuna and Chaitanya dancing in a pub. It became a viral video post its release.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 May 2014 |title=Piyo Piyo Re song gets great response |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/Piyo-Piyo-Re-song-gets-great-response/articleshow/34524820.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208052506/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/Piyo-Piyo-Re-song-gets-great-response/articleshow/34524820.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

After the audio launch, the positive reception of the song ''Chinni Chinni Aasalu'' prompted the makers to release a video featuring the making of the song. Shot in the backdrop of a village, the song featured Nagarjuna dressed as a farmer while Shriya Saran was dressed as an innocent villager. On the other hand, the video showcased the recording of the song by Shreya Ghoshal.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pawar |first=Bhagyashri |date=12 May 2014 |title=Manam song Chini Chini making: Shriya Saran and Nagarjuna impress everyone! |url=http://www.bollywoodlife.com/south-gossip/manam-song-chini-chini-making-shriya-saran-and-nagarjuna-impress-everyone/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208052458/http://www.bollywoodlife.com/south-gossip/manam-song-chini-chini-making-shriya-saran-and-nagarjuna-impress-everyone/ |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=Bollywood Life}}</ref> The video too received positive response.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=9 May 2014 |title=Nagarjuna, Shriya sizzle in Manam making video |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Entertainment/Telugu/Movies/News-Interviews/Nagarjuna-Shriya-sizzle-in-Manam-making-video/articleshow/34912105.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208052841/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Nagarjuna-Shriya-sizzle-in-Manam-making-video/articleshow/34912105.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> A still featuring Chaitanya and Samantha in an intimate sequence from the flashback was re-tweeted many times by the fans and Telugu film websites.<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 May 2014 |title=Naga Chaitnaya, Samantha to sizzle in Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news-interviews/Naga-Chaitnaya-Samantha-to-sizzle-in-Manam/articleshow/34965955.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208052840/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Naga-Chaitnaya-Samantha-to-sizzle-in-Manam/articleshow/34965955.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> A short teaser, 31 seconds long, was unveiled on 13 May 2014, in which Samantha was seen speaking about Nageshwar continuously at a doctor's check up and the montage of the film's male leads being played side by side.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=13 May 2014 |title=Watch Manam's new trailer: Who is Nageshwar |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Watch-Manams-new-trailer-Who-is-Nageshwar/articleshow/35070150.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208052839/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Watch-Manams-new-trailer-Who-is-Nageshwar/articleshow/35070150.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

[[File:Shilpakala Vedika.jpg|thumb|right|[[Shilpakala Vedika]], where the film's 100-day celebrations were held on 22 September 2014.]]
A behind-the-scenes video of the making of the song ''Kanulanu Thaake'' was released on 14 May 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2014 |title=Naga Chaitanya – Samantha's song from 'Manam' to be out on 14th |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/naga-chaitanya-samanthas-song-from-manam-to-be-out-on-14th-telugu-news-107406 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208053016/http://www.indiaglitz.com/naga-chaitanya-samanthas-song-from-manam-to-be-out-on-14th-telugu-news-107406 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The song featured Chaitanya and Samantha as a newly married couple and their onscreen romance with Lavanya Tripathi making a brief glimpse towards the end. It also showcased the recording of the song by Arijit Singh. The video received a positive response, with praises directed towards the on-screen chemistry between Chaitanya and Samantha.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harikumar |first=Subramanian |date=15 May 2014 |title=Manam song Kanulanu thaake making : Naga Chaitanya and Samantha have a blast! |url=http://www.bollywoodlife.com/south-gossip/manam-song-kanulanu-thaake-making-naga-chaitanya-and-samantha-have-a-blast/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208053014/http://www.bollywoodlife.com/south-gossip/manam-song-kanulanu-thaake-making-naga-chaitanya-and-samantha-have-a-blast/ |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=Bollywood Life}}</ref> The audio launch event, entitled "Manam Sangeetham", was aired on 18 May 2014 in [[Gemini TV]] at 5:00 pm, with the Akkineni family in attendance.<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 May 2014 |title=Manam Sangeetham to be aired today |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/Manam-Sangeetham-to-be-aired-today/articleshow/35267520.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208053012/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/Manam-Sangeetham-to-be-aired-today/articleshow/35267520.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

[[Tata DoCoMo]] & [[Brooke Bond|Brooke Bond Red Label]] were involved with the film, advertising on hoardings, television, radio, in print, and on buses, among other venues. Tata DoCoMo came up with the tagline "Be a part of the Manam family" and offered a chance to the meet the film's star cast by recharging with a certain amount. Brooke Bond used the slogan "Red Label celebrates the taste of togetherness with Manam" and offered a chance to meet Nagarjuna.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2014 |title='Docomo' & "Red Label" tie up with Manam |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/Docomo-Red-Label-tie-up-with-Manam-telugu-news-107688 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208053955/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Docomo-Red-Label-tie-up-with-Manam-telugu-news-107688 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> First Show Digital handled the film's online promotions.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumari |first=Barkha |date=10 June 2014 |title=When promos beat a film |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140610/entertainment-tollywood/article/when-promos-beat-film |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208054002/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140610/entertainment-tollywood/article/when-promos-beat-film |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref> The film's 100-day celebration was held along with the platinum disc function{{efn|Platinum disc of a regional Indian film refers to the sale of 50,000 discs within a calendar year from its date of release.<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 January 2014 |title=Brahma's audio rocking in spite of piracy and internet downloads |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/music/Platinum-disc-celebration-for-Brahma/articleshow/29000119.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224162655/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/music/Platinum-disc-celebration-for-Brahma/articleshow/29000119.cms |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=24 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>}} of ''[[Oka Laila Kosam]]'' (2014) on 22 September 2014 at the [[Shilpakala Vedika]] in Hyderabad.<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 September 2014 |title=Manam 100 days celebrations, a grand affair |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-100-days-celebrations-a-grand-affair/articleshow/43162496.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208054008/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-100-days-celebrations-a-grand-affair/articleshow/43162496.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

=== Leak ===
In early March 2014, the film was leaked into the Internet. Two people related to the film leakage were arrested on 8 March 2014. They were identified as Mubashir Sheik and Sheik Abid Basha hailing from Guntur. Basha illegally accessed the feed of the film and handed it over to Sheik who then uploaded it on [[YouTube]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 March 2014 |title=2 held for leak of ANR's last film |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/2-held-for-leak-of-ANRs-last-film/articleshow/31695564.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208151242/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/2-held-for-leak-of-ANRs-last-film/articleshow/31695564.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Post release, the film became one of the most downloaded titles in recent times and the Anti-Video Piracy team worked for a week since the film's release to reduce the effect of this leak on the film's gross.<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 May 2014 |title=Anti-Piracy team to deal with movie pirates |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Anti-Piracy-team-to-deal-with-movie-pirates/articleshow/35629875.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208151425/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Anti-Piracy-team-to-deal-with-movie-pirates/articleshow/35629875.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

=== Home media ===
The television broadcast rights were sold to [[Gemini TV]] for {{INR}}80 million.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=10 May 2014 |title=Manam {{sic|nolink=y|sattelite}} rights sold for 80 million? |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/Manam-sattelite-rights-sold-for-8-crore/articleshow/35049801.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208080137/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/Manam-sattelite-rights-sold-for-8-crore/articleshow/35049801.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> The film was planned for a television premiere on 20 September 2014 on the eve of Nageswara Rao's birthday.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 September 2014 |title=Manam's TV premiere soon in offing |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/Manams-TV-premiere-soon-in-offing/articleshow/41711120.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208080240/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/Manams-TV-premiere-soon-in-offing/articleshow/41711120.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> The film registered a [[Target Rating Point|TRP]] rating of 15.62 making it one of the highest TRPs ever registered for a film in 2014.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 October 2014 |title=Manam's TV premiere is a big hit |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/Manams-TV-premiere-is-a-big-hit/articleshow/44774133.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208080415/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/Manams-TV-premiere-is-a-big-hit/articleshow/44774133.cms |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> [[Reliance Entertainment|Reliance Home Video]] released the film's DVDs and Blu-ray discs in December 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2014 |title=Manam Telugu Blu Ray |url=http://www.njmtv.com/product-view.php?Id=11408 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208113043/http://www.njmtv.com/product-view.php?Id=11408 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=njmtv.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2014 |title=Manam Telugu DVD |url=http://www.njmtv.com/product-view.php?Id=11407 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208081102/http://www.njmtv.com/product-view.php?Id=11407 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |publisher=njmtv.com}}</ref>

== Reception ==
=== Critical reception ===
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The film received positive reviews from critics who called it a beautiful film and a complete entertainer, according to ''[[International Business Times|International Business Times India]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=23 May 2014 |title='Manam' Review Roundup: Complete Entertainer; Treat for Akkineni Fans |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-review-roundup-complete-entertainer-treat-akkineni-fans-600838 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209051321/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-review-roundup-complete-entertainer-treat-akkineni-fans-600838 |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref> Prabalika M. Borah of ''[[The Hindu]]'' praised the performances of the film's cast, the work of the technical crew, and Kumar's execution of the film's script in narrating a complex story without confusion. She summarised, "The smile and laughter will not leave you while it still manage to moisten your eyes here and there".<ref>{{Cite news |last=M. Borah |first=Prabalika |date=23 May 2014 |title=Manam: Smiles all around |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/manam-smiles-all-around/article6040767.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209051320/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/manam-smiles-all-around/article6040767.ece |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |work=The Hindu}}</ref> Sandhya Rao of [[Sify]] stated, "Manam's story is something new within Telugu films context, but the way the film showcases romance and emotion, it is far from a regular fare. Go watch Manam, a complete entertainer, which will surely enthrall!". She recognised Nageswara Rao as the pillar of the film and termed his performance as an "outstanding" one.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rao |first=Sandhya |date=23 May 2014 |title=Manam review |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/manam-review-review-telugu-15056294.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209051318/http://www.sify.com/movies/manam-review-review-telugu-15056294.html |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>

Shekhar of Oneindia Entertainment gave the film 4 out of 5 stars, stating "Manam is a perfect family entertainer and it is director Vikram Kumar's unique script that makes the movie a brilliant experiment. The movie is high on entertainment quotient and it is treat to see ANR, Nagarjuna and Naga Chaitanya together on screen".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=23 May 2014 |title=Manam – Movie Review |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/reviews/2014/manam-review-140774.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209051316/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/reviews/2014/manam-review-140774.html |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}} {{rating|4|5}}</ref> Rajasekhar S of Cinemalead also gave the film 4 out of 5 stars and called it "classy and brilliant", stating "Vikram K Kumar has packed the movie in such a way that the audience never get bored. Especially the last 20 minutes of the movie, towards the climax brings us to the edge of the seat".<ref>{{Cite web |last=S |first=Rajasekhar |date=23 May 2014 |title=MANAM MOVIE REVIEW |url=http://www.telugu.cinemalead.com/moviereview-id-manam-movie-review--manam-telugu-movie-review--manam-movie-review--review138.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209051707/http://www.telugu.cinemalead.com/moviereview-id-manam-movie-review--manam-telugu-movie-review--manam-movie-review--review138.htm |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |publisher=[[Cinemalead]]}} {{rating|4|5}}</ref> IndiaGlitz gave the film 4 out of 5 stars as well, and called the film a "complete entertainer that is more than a love story" and stated, "The film packs everything that the trailer promised, plus the not-quite-unknown formula of Past Life Regression. Although we have seen many PLR stories in the past, 'Manam' is special because of its sublime and intriguing nature."<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2014 |title=Manam Movie Review – Entertainment, plus love + love |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-telugu-movie-review-17973 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209051706/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Manam-telugu-movie-review-17973 |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}} {{rating|4|5}}</ref>

Karthik Pasupulate of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave the film 3.5 out of 5 stars and wrote, "You cannot appreciate the smarts in the script has been written, and how humorously it all gets translated onscreen without getting unduly melodramatic. Since this is ANR's last film, the cumulative nostalgia and feel goodness of the movie might just paper over the structural issues. It's definitely worth a watch".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=23 May 2014 |title=Manam Movie Review |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/Manam/movie-review/35504409.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209051703/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/Manam/movie-review/35504409.cms |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}} {{rating|3.5|5}}</ref> Suresh Kavirayani of ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' also gave the film 3.5 out of 5 stars and wrote, "Vikram Kumar has come out with a nice story and screenplay and created a classic masterpiece. Though there are past life regressions and rebirths, the director's intelligent screenplay makes you to see more comfortably without any confusion. Manam is a good film to watch and a fitting tribute to Akkineni Nageswara Rao."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kavirayani |first=Suresh |date=23 May 2014 |title=Movie review 'Manam': Leaves you mesmerised |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140523/entertainment-movie-review/article/movie-review-manam-leaves-you-mesmerised |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209051701/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140523/entertainment-movie-review/article/movie-review-manam-leaves-you-mesmerised |archive-date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015 |work=Deccan Chronicle}} {{rating|3.5|5}}</ref>

=== Box office ===
The film achieved an average 95% occupancy in both single screens and multiplexes during the morning and matinee shows on its opening day, increasing during the evening and night shows.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=24 May 2014 |title=Nagarjuna's Manam First Day Collection at Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/nagarjuna-manam-first-day-collection-box-office-140816.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210080621/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/nagarjuna-manam-first-day-collection-box-office-140816.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> The film collected {{INR}}3.21 crore worldwide on its first day according to trade analyst [[Taran Adarsh]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ronamai |first=Raymond |date=24 May 2014 |title='Manam' Box Office Collection: Nagarjuna Starrer Earns over ₹3 Crore on Day 1 despite Clash with "Kochadaiiyaan" |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-box-office-collection-nagarjuna-starrer-earns-over-3-crore-day-1-despite-clash-600944 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210080618/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-box-office-collection-nagarjuna-starrer-earns-over-3-crore-day-1-despite-clash-600944 |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref> It collected more than {{INR}}11.26 crore net worldwide in three days and topped the Tollywood business chart, beating ''Vikrama Simha''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=26 May 2014 |title=Manam (3 Days) First Weekend Collection at Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-3-days-first-weekend-collection-box-office-141022.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210080622/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-3-days-first-weekend-collection-box-office-141022.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> In four days, the film collected {{INR}}14.9 crore worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=28 May 2014 |title=Manam Collection Crosses $1 million Mark at USA Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-collection-crosses-1-million-mark-usa-box-office-141177.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210080628/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-collection-crosses-1-million-mark-usa-box-office-141177.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> By the end of its first week, the film collected {{INR}}19 crore worldwide.<ref name="week 1">{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=30 May 2014 |title='Manam' Box Office (First Week): Akkineni Starrer Earns ₹19 Crore Worldwide |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-box-office-first-week-akkineni-starrer-earns-19-crore-worldwide-601299 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210081110/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-box-office-first-week-akkineni-starrer-earns-19-crore-worldwide-601299 |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref> The film collected {{INR}}26.71 crore net in 10 days worldwide.<ref name="10 days">{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=3 June 2014 |title=Manam (10 Days) Second Weekend Collection at Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-10-days-second-weekend-collection-box-office-142446.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210081110/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-10-days-second-weekend-collection-box-office-142446.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref>

The film collected {{INR}}32.75 crore net worldwide by the end of the 19th day of its theatrical run.<ref name="19 days">{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=12 June 2014 |title=Manam (19 Days) 3rd Week Collection at Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-19-days-3rd-week-collection-box-office-143685.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210081106/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-19-days-3rd-week-collection-box-office-143685.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> By mid June 2014, the film crossed the {{INR}}35 crore mark worldwide, and was expected to reach the {{INR}}40 crore mark.<ref name="1.5 million">{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=17 June 2014 |title='Manam' Box Office Collection: Akkineni Starrer Crosses $1.5 Million Mark in US |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-box-office-collection-akkineni-starrer-crosses-1-5-million-mark-us-602442 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210081105/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-box-office-collection-akkineni-starrer-crosses-1-5-million-mark-us-602442 |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref> The film crossed $1.5 million gross at the US box office by the end of its fourth weekend.<ref name="1.5 million" /> By late July 2014, after completing its 50-day run, it had amassed a {{INR}}48 crore revenue, including satellite rights and audio rights.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 June 2014 |title=Manam sets a new record at the box office |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-sets-a-new-record-at-the-box-office/articleshow/38978553.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210081631/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-sets-a-new-record-at-the-box-office/articleshow/38978553.cms |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> The film collected {{INR}}38.5 crore share worldwide during its lifetime, becoming one of the highest grossing Telugu films of 2014.<ref name="life time" /> The film's success was attributed to Nagarjuna's strategy of releasing the film on a limited number of screens,<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2014 |title='Manam' Unconventional Distribution Strategy Seems to Pay Off |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-unconventional-distribution-strategy-seems-to-pay-off-telugu-news-108060 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208151504/http://www.indiaglitz.com/manam-unconventional-distribution-strategy-seems-to-pay-off-telugu-news-108060 |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |date=27 May 2014 |title=What's the secret behind ANR and Nagarjuna's Manam success? |url=http://www.bollywoodlife.com/south-gossip/whats-the-secret-behind-anr-and-nagarjunas-manam-success/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208151523/http://www.bollywoodlife.com/south-gossip/whats-the-secret-behind-anr-and-nagarjunas-manam-success/ |archive-date=8 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Bollywood Life}}</ref> and utilising a low budget according to [[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |date=18 December 2014 |title=Small was big for southern cinema (IANS Special: 2014 In Retrospect) |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/small-was-big-for-southern-cinema-ians-special-2014-in-retrospect-news-others-omsmuojhgjhjd.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210081634/http://www.sify.com/movies/small-was-big-for-southern-cinema-ians-special-2014-in-retrospect-news-others-omsmuojhgjhjd.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Bollywood Life}}</ref>

==== India ====
The film collected a share of {{INR}}2.23 crore on its first day at AP/Nizam box office. The film collected its highest share of {{INR}}91 [[lakh]] in the Nizam region, followed by the Ceded region with {{INR}}39 lakh and {{INR}}22 lakh in Vishakhapatnam. It collected {{INR}}1.6 crore and {{INR}}3 lakh in Karnataka and the rest of India respectively.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=24 May 2014 |title=Manam grosses 2.5 crore (share) in AP on Day 1 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-grosses-2-5-crore-share-in-AP-on-Day-1/articleshow/35568405.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210081627/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-grosses-2-5-crore-share-in-AP-on-Day-1/articleshow/35568405.cms |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> The film collected {{INR}}4.02 crore at the Indian box office in two days.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=25 May 2014 |title=Box Office: 'Manam' Rock Steady; 'Kotha Janta' Three-Week Collections |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/box-office-manam-rock-steady-kotha-janta-three-week-collections-600968 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210081626/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/box-office-manam-rock-steady-kotha-janta-three-week-collections-600968 |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=IANS |date=25 May 2014 |title=Nagarjuna's Manam mints over Rs. 4 crore in two days |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional/nagarjuna-s-manam-mints-over-rs-4-crore-in-two-days/article1-1222783.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210082126/http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional/nagarjuna-s-manam-mints-over-rs-4-crore-in-two-days/article1-1222783.aspx |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref> The film collected {{INR}}6.22 crore at the AP/Nizam box office and {{INR}}80 lakh in the rest of India by the end of its first weekend. The film again collected its highest share of {{INR}}2.67 crore in the Nizam region, followed by the Ceded region with {{INR}}1.06 crore and Vishakhapatnam with {{INR}}62 lakh.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=26 May 2014 |title=Box Office Collection: Akkineni Film 'Manam' Outperforms Rajinikanth's 'Vikramasimha' in AP |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/box-office-collection-akkineni-film-manam-outperforms-rajinikanths-vikramasimha-ap-601035 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210082124/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/box-office-collection-akkineni-film-manam-outperforms-rajinikanths-vikramasimha-ap-601035 |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref> Adarsh reported that the film collected a share of {{INR}}8.92 crore in four days at the Indian box office.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=28 May 2014 |title='Manam' Collections: Akkineni Starrer Earns over ₹8 Crore in India; Crosses $1 Million Mark in US |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-collections-akkineni-starrer-earns-over-8-crore-india-crosses-1-million-mark-us-601131 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210082123/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-collections-akkineni-starrer-earns-over-8-crore-india-crosses-1-million-mark-us-601131 |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref>

It collected {{INR}}12.22 crore at the AP/Nizam box office, {{INR}}1.48 crore at the Karnataka box office, and {{INR}}30 lakh in the rest of India by the end of its first week.<ref name="week 1" /> The film collected {{INR}}3.94 crore net at the AP/Nizam box office and {{INR}}58 lakh in the rest of India by the end of its second weekend.<ref name="10 days" /> It collected {{INR}}21.87 crore in AP/Nizam and {{INR}}2.11 crore in the rest of India by the end of its 19-day run.<ref name="19 days" /> The film company held celebrations after the completion of its 50-day run on 14 July 2014.<ref name="50 days" /> The film completed a 100-day run on 30 August 2014.<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 August 2014 |title=Manam completes 100 days |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-completes-100-days/articleshow/41270568.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210082121/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-completes-100-days/articleshow/41270568.cms |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

==== Overseas ====
The film collected {{INR}}53 lakh from 69 screens at its premiere in the United States. The premiere was held on Thursday, 22 May 2014. According to Taran Adarsh, the collections made by the film from its premiere show was a "phenomenal" start.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=23 May 2014 |title='Manam' Box Office Collection: Akkineni Multi Starrer Opens to Fantastic Start in US |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-box-office-collection-akkineni-multi-starrer-opens-fantastic-start-us-600882 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210082608/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/manam-box-office-collection-akkineni-multi-starrer-opens-fantastic-start-us-600882 |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref> The film collected {{INR}}3.33 crore in three days in the United States with many screens still yet to report as of 25 May 2014.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pasupulate |first=Karthik |date=25 May 2014 |title=Manam poised to cross $1 million in USA |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-poised-to-cross-1-million-in-USA/articleshow/35614415.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210082606/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-poised-to-cross-1-million-in-USA/articleshow/35614415.cms |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> The film collected {{INR}}4.96 crore on 108 screens as of 27 May 2014, in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=27 May 2014 |title='Kochadaiiyaan' Collections: Rajinikanth's Film Rocks Overseas Markets |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/kochadaiiyaan-collections-rajinikanths-film-rocks-overseas-markets-601085 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210082604/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/kochadaiiyaan-collections-rajinikanths-film-rocks-overseas-markets-601085 |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref> With this, ''Manam'' became the film with the highest grossing opening weekend for Nagarjuna and Chaitanya in the United States, and also became the third-highest grosser for an opening weekend in the country in 2014, after ''[[1: Nenokkadine]]'' and ''[[Race Gurram]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=26 May 2014 |title=Manam First Weekend Collection USA Box Office: Nag Sets New Record |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-first-weekend-collection-usa-box-office-nag-record-141080.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210082603/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-first-weekend-collection-usa-box-office-nag-record-141080.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> The film crossed the US$1 million mark by the end of its first four-day weekend.<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 May 2014 |title=Manam crosses 1 million in USA |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-crosses-1-million-in-USA/articleshow/35630557.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210091744/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-crosses-1-million-in-USA/articleshow/35630557.cms |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

The film collected {{INR}}62.6 million in six days, thus surpassing the {{INR}}5.93 crore nine-day extended first week collections of ''Race Gurram'' in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=29 May 2014 |title=Manam Smashes Race Gurram Collection Record at USA Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-smashes-race-gurram-collection-record-usa-box-office-141297.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210091742/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-smashes-race-gurram-collection-record-usa-box-office-141297.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> According to Adarsh, the film continued to do good business in the United States by collecting {{INR}}6.45 crore by the end of its first week.<ref name="week 1" /> The film continued its successful run in the United States through early June 2014 and collected {{INR}}8.2 crore .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=4 June 2014 |title=Box Office Collection: 'Kochadaiiyaan' and 'Manam' Continue to Dominate 'Heropanti' |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/box-office-collection-kochadaiiyaan-manam-continue-dominate-heropanti-601628 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210091740/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/box-office-collection-kochadaiiyaan-manam-continue-dominate-heropanti-601628 |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=International Business Times India}}</ref> With this, the film broke the record set by ''Race Gurram'' and became the second highest grosser in 2014 after ''[[1: Nenokkadine]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=4 June 2014 |title=Manam Beats Race Gurram Collection Record at USA Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-beats-race-gurram-collection-record-usa-box-office-142553.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210093107/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-beats-race-gurram-collection-record-usa-box-office-142553.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> The film surpassed the lifetime collections of ''1: Nenokkadine'' at the United States box office in 14 days by collecting {{INR}}8.33 crore.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=7 June 2014 |title=Manam Beats Mahesh's 1: Nenokkadine Record at USA Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-beats-mahesh-1-nenokkadine-record-usa-box-office-142861.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210093105/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-beats-mahesh-1-nenokkadine-record-usa-box-office-142861.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref>

The film collected {{INR}}8.77 crore in the United States in 19 days.<ref name="19 days" /> By mid June 2014, the film collected {{INR}}9.11 crore in the United States, and by the end of its 25-day run and crossed the US$1.5 million mark, becoming one of the biggest commercially successful Tollywood films in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekhar |date=17 June 2014 |title=Manam (25 Days) 4th Weekend Collection at USA Box Office |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-25-days-4th-weekend-collection-usa-box-office-145734.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210093104/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-25-days-4th-weekend-collection-usa-box-office-145734.html |archive-date=10 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref>

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Ceremony
! Category
! Nominee
! Result
|-
|rowspan="11"|[[62nd Filmfare Awards South]]<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=3 June 2015 |title=Nominations for the 62nd Britannia Filmfare Awards (South) |url=http://www.filmfare.com/features/nominations-for-the-62nd-britannia-filmfare-awards-south-9405-2.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150604025851/http://www.filmfare.com/features/nominations-for-the-62nd-britannia-filmfare-awards-south-9405-2.html |archive-date=4 June 2015 |access-date=4 June 2015 |magazine=[[Filmfare]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2015 |title=Winners list: 62nd Britannia Filmfare Awards (South) |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Winners-list-62nd-Britannia-Filmfare-Awards-South/articleshow/47836755.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627012915/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Winners-list-62nd-Britannia-Filmfare-Awards-South/articleshow/47836755.cms |archive-date=27 June 2015 |access-date=27 June 2015 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu|Best Film – Telugu]]
|Akkineni Family
|rowspan="5" {{won}}
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Telugu|Best Director – Telugu]]
|[[Vikram Kumar]]
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Telugu|Best Music Director – Telugu]]
|[[Anoop Rubens]]
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist – Telugu|Best Lyricist – Telugu]]
|[[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]] for "Kani Penchina Maa Ammake"
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Cinematographer – South|Best Cinematographer – South]]
|[[P. S. Vinod]]
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]]
|[[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]]
|rowspan="6" {{nom}}
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Telugu|Best Actress – Telugu]]
|[[Samantha Akkineni|Samantha Ruth Prabhu]]
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress – Telugu|Best Supporting Actress – Telugu]]
|[[Shriya Saran]]
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer – Telugu|Best Male Playback Singer – Telugu]]
|[[Arijit Singh]] for "Kanulanu Thaake Kala"
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Telugu|Best Female Playback Singer – Telugu]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]] for "Chinni Chinni Aasalu"
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist – Telugu]]
|[[Vanamali]] for "Kanulanu Thaake Kala"
|-
|rowspan="2"|5th TSR TV9 National Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2015 |title=Mahesh, Balaiah Bag TSR National Award For Best Actor |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/Mahesh-Balaiah-Bag-TSR-National-Award-For-Best-Actor/2015/07/20/article2930082.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150720110608/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/Mahesh-Balaiah-Bag-TSR-National-Award-For-Best-Actor/2015/07/20/article2930082.ece |archive-date=20 July 2015 |access-date=8 August 2015 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>
|Best Actress
|Shriya Saran
|rowspan="2" {{won}}
|-
|Special Jury Awards  – Best Actor
|Nagarjuna
|-
|rowspan="14"|[[4th South Indian International Movie Awards]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 June 2015 |title=SIIMA 2015 nominations |url=http://siima.in/nominees-2015.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616095000/http://siima.in/nominees-2015.php |archive-date=16 June 2015 |access-date=16 June 2015 |publisher=[[South Indian International Movie Awards|siima.in]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=H. Hooli |first=Shekhar |date=11 August 2015 |title=SIIMA Awards 2015: 'Manam' Tops Telugu Winners List, Beating 'Race Gurram', '1: Nenokkadine' |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/siima-awards-2015-manam-tops-telugu-winners-list-beating-race-gurram-1-nenokkadine-642543 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150811144425/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/siima-awards-2015-manam-tops-telugu-winners-list-beating-race-gurram-1-nenokkadine-642543 |archive-date=11 August 2015 |access-date=11 August 2015 |website=International Business Times India}}</ref>
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Film]]
|Akkineni Family
|rowspan="6" {{won}}
|-
|Best Actor – Telugu (Critics)
|[[Naga Chaitanya]]
|-
|Best Actress – Telugu (Critics)
|Samantha Ruth Prabhu
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Supporting Actress (Telugu)]]
|Shriya Saran
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Music Director (Telugu)]]
|Anoop Rubens
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Lyricist (Telugu)]]
|Chandrabose for "Kani Penchina Maa Ammake"
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Director (Telugu)]]
|Vikram Kumar
|rowspan="8" {{nom}}
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Actor (Telugu)]]
|[[Naga Chaitanya]]
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Actress (Telugu)]]
|Samantha Ruth Prabhu
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Cinematographer (Telugu)]]
|[[P. S. Vinod]]
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[SIIMA Award for Best Male Playback Singer (Telugu)]]
|Arijit Singh for "Kanulanu Thaake Kala"
|-
|Bharath for "Kani Penchina Maa Ammake"
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Female Playback Singer (Telugu)]]
|Shreya Ghoshal for "Chinni Chinni Aasalu"
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Lyricist (Telugu)]]
|Vanamali for "Kanulanu Thaake Kala"
|-
| rowspan="5" |13th Santosham Film Awards<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2015 |title=Santosham Awards 2015 |url=https://www.msn.com:80/en-in/entertainment/gallery/santosham-awards-2015/ss-BBm4Dt7 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008163456/http://www.msn.com/en-in/entertainment/gallery/santosham-awards-2015/ss-BBm4Dt7 |archive-date=8 October 2015 |access-date=14 June 2017 |publisher=[[MSN]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 August 2015 |title=Santosham 13th Anniversary Awards 2015 |url=http://www.ragalahari.com/localevents/70007/santosham-13th-anniversary-awards-2015-photos.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114823/http://www.ragalahari.com/localevents/70007/santosham-13th-anniversary-awards-2015-photos.aspx |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=14 June 2017 |publisher=Ragalahari.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 August 2015 |title=Santosham Awards 2015 (winners list): Ram Charan bags the Best actor Award! |url=http://www.iluvcinema.in/telugu/santosham-awards-2015-winners-list-ram-charan-bags-the-best-actor-award/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225070759/http://www.iluvcinema.in/telugu/santosham-awards-2015-winners-list-ram-charan-bags-the-best-actor-award/ |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=14 June 2017 |publisher=ilovecinema.in}}</ref>
|[[Santosham Best Film Award|Best Film]]
|Akkineni Family
|rowspan="5" {{won}}
|-
|[[Santosham Best Director Award|Best Director]]
|Vikram Kumar
|-
|[[Santosham Best Actress Award|Best Actress]]
|Shriya Saran
|-
|[[Santosham Best Music Director Award|Best Music Director]]
|Anoop Rubens
|-
|[[Santosham Best Dialogue Award|Best Dialogue]]
|[[Harsha Vardhan]]
|-
|rowspan="5"|[[CineMAA Awards|11th CineMAA Awards]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2015 |title=CineMAA Awards 2015 – Lifetime Achievement To Superstar Krishna |url=http://maatv.com/maanews/cinemaa-awards-2015---lifetime-achievement-to-superstar-krishna |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821011601/http://maatv.com/maanews/cinemaa-awards-2015---lifetime-achievement-to-superstar-krishna |archive-date=21 August 2015 |access-date=20 August 2015 |publisher=[[MAA TV]]}}</ref>
|Best Film (Jury)
|Akkineni Family
|rowspan="5" {{won}}
|-
|Best Actress
|Samantha Ruth Prabhu
|-
|Best Music Director
|Anoop Rubens
|-
|Best Fight Master
|Ram Lakshman
|-
|Best Outstanding Actor
|Nagarjuna
|}

== Legacy ==
Celebrities like [[S. S. Rajamouli]], [[Shobu Yarlagadda]], [[Nani (actor)|Nani]], [[K. Dasaradh]], [[Manchu Manoj]], [[Pooja Hegde]], [[Allu Sirish]], [[Deva Katta]], [[Adivi Sesh]], [[Rakul Preet Singh]], [[Rana Daggubati]], [[Gopimohan]], [[Prakash Raj]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Hemanth |date=23 May 2014 |title=Tollywood celebs go gaga over Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Tollywood-celebs-go-gaga-over-,Manam/articleshow/35509172.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053318/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Tollywood-celebs-go-gaga-over-Manam/articleshow/35509172.cms |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> [[Allu Arjun]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Priyadarshini Nayak |first=Elina |date=23 May 2014 |title=Allu Arjun praises Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Allu-Arjun-praises-Manam/articleshow/35519333.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053213/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Allu-Arjun-praises-Manam/articleshow/35519333.cms |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> and [[Mahesh Babu]] praised the film.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 June 2014 |title=Mahesh praises Manam, calls Akhil a future star |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Mahesh-praises-Manam-calls-Akhil-a-future-star/articleshow/35939374.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053211/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Mahesh-praises-Manam-calls-Akhil-a-future-star/articleshow/35939374.cms |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Director [[Ram Gopal Varma]] called ''Manam'' an "avant garde product but deeply rooted in earth" and "the first constructive demonstration that Tollywood actually can go into a new age of cinema". He added that both Nagarjuna and Vikram deserved multiple salutes for making a film like ''Manam'', and the only tragedy was that Nageswara Rao was not alive to see this film, which Varma termed an "astounding celebration of human emotions".<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 May 2014 |title=Manam would cross 100 cr in B-Town: RGV |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-would-cross-100-cr-in-B-Town-RGV/articleshow/35597361.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053432/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Manam-would-cross-100-cr-in-B-Town-RGV/articleshow/35597361.cms |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> [[Ram Charan]] called ''Manam'' a film that induces "Love, joy, passion, hatred, excitement and almost every feeling you can imagine and more".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Hemanth |date=23 May 2014 |title=Ram Charan is all praise for Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Ram-Charan-is-all-praise-for-Manam/articleshow/35521345.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053431/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Ram-Charan-is-all-praise-for-Manam/articleshow/35521345.cms |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> [[Kamal Haasan]] watched the film on 29 May 2014, at a special screening in [[Chennai]]. Haasan became emotional and could not control his tears.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 May 2014 |title=Kamal Haasan watches Manam |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Kamal-Haasan-watches-Manam/articleshow/35731116.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053429/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Kamal-Haasan-watches-Manam/articleshow/35731116.cms |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Regarding this, he said "I have always been a fan of ANR and this film has brought back very fond memories. I turned emotional when I saw ANR on the big screen. I wholeheartedly appreciate the Akkineni family for paying tribute to ANR in this manner."<ref>{{Cite news |last=IANS |date=30 May 2014 |title='Manam' made me emotional: Kamal Haasan |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Manam-made-me-emotional-Kamal-Haasan/articleshow/35773305.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053538/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Manam-made-me-emotional-Kamal-Haasan/articleshow/35773305.cms |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

IndiaGlitz called ''Manam'', along with ''[[1: Nenokkadine]]'' and ''[[Drushyam]]'', the best experimental films in recent times.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2014 |title=2014 : A year of experiments |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/2014--a-year-of-experiments-telugu-news-110309 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218023729/http://www.indiaglitz.com/2014--a-year-of-experiments-telugu-news-110309 |archive-date=18 February 2015 |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> ''Manam'', along with ''[[Minugurulu]]'' (2014), was nominated by the Telugu Film Producers Council to the [[Film Federation of India]] to be included on the list of 30 Indian films for the [[87th Academy Awards]], in the category of [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Best Foreign Language Film]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sushil Rao |first=Ch. |date=17 September 2014 |title=Telugu film 'Minugurulu' on blind students fighting for justice on Oscar nominations list |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Telugu-film-Minugurulu-on-blind-students-fighting-for-justice-on-Oscar-nominations-list/articleshow/42719233.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053536/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Telugu-film-Minugurulu-on-blind-students-fighting-for-justice-on-Oscar-nominations-list/articleshow/42719233.cms |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2014 |title=Manam, Minugurulu Chosen For India's Oscars Entry |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-minugurulu-chosen-for-india-oscars-entry-159738.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053534/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/news/2014/manam-minugurulu-chosen-for-india-oscars-entry-159738.html |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |publisher=Oneindia Entertainment}}</ref> In late September 2014, the United States postal department released a stamp in honour of Nageswara Rao, making him the first Indian actor in whose name a postal stamp had been released. That stamp featured a still of Nageswara Rao from the film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2014 |title=Photo feature : ANR U.S. Postage Stamp |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/photo-feature--anr-us-postage-stamp-telugu-news-114850 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053650/http://www.indiaglitz.com/photo-feature--anr-us-postage-stamp-telugu-news-114850 |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> The film was screened at the [[International Film Festival of India|45th International Film Festival of India]] on 29 November 2014, as a Homage to Nageswara Rao.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 November 2014 |title=SCREENING SCHEDULE for Second Phase of IFFI 2014 |url=http://www.iffi.nic.in/writereaddata/FIINAL.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211053649/http://www.iffi.nic.in/writereaddata/FIINAL.pdf |archive-date=11 February 2015 |access-date=11 February 2015 |publisher=[[International Film Festival of India|IFFI]]}}</ref> In February 2015, the makers of ''[[Bandipotu (2015 film)|Bandipotu]]'' (2015) released a poster featuring [[Sampoornesh Babu]], [[Allari Naresh]] and [[Saptagiri (Telugu actor)|Saptagiri]], whose theme resembled the first look of ''Manam''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=Sampoornesh Babu replaces Nagarjuna |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/Sampoornesh-Babu-Replaces-Nagarjuna-telugu-news-125751 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218023144/http://www.indiaglitz.com/Sampoornesh-Babu-Replaces-Nagarjuna-telugu-news-125751 |archive-date=18 February 2015 |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> During the promotions of ''[[Theeran Adhigaaram Ondru|Theeran Adhigaram Ondru]]'' (2017), [[Karthi]], speaking about the adaptation of the film in Tamil, said that "it is a fascinating idea to work with my father ([[Sivakumar]]) and brother ([[Suriya]])", but he felt that "a lot of things needed to fall in place in order to materialise".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=2017-11-10 |title=Theeran... inspired by real cop tales: Karthi |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/101117/theeran-inspired-by-real-cop-tales-karthi.html |access-date=2021-10-06 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref>

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|25em}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|2926068}}

{{Vikram Kumar}}{{Nagarjuna (actor)}}{{Filmfare Best Telugu Film}}{{SIIMA Award for Best Film – Telugu}}

[[Category:2014 films]]
[[Category:2014 Indian films]]
[[Category:2014 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:2014 romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Films about reincarnation]]
[[Category:Films shot in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Films shot in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Films scored by Anoop Rubens]]
[[Category:Films directed by Vikram Kumar]]
[[Category:Reliance Entertainment films]]
[[Category:Annapurna Studios films]]

Chharra Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:25:13Z

MarkKapoor: Adding Post

{{Short description|Constituency of the Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Chharra
| constituency_no = 74
| map_image = 74-Chharra.svg
| mla = [[Ravendra Pal Singh (politician)|Ravendra Pal Singh]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| established = 2008
| state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| district = [[Aligarh district|Aligarh]]
| reservation = None
| electors = 304,457 (2012)
| type= SLA
}}
'''Chharra''' is one of the 403 constituencies of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]], [[India]]. It is a part of the [[Aligarh district|Aligarh]] district and one of the five assembly constituencies in the [[Hathras Lok Sabha constituency]]. First election in this assembly constituency was held in 2012 after the "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008" was passed and the constituency was formed in 2008. The constituency is assigned identification number 74.<ref name="Uttar Pradesh Delimitation Old & New, 2008">{{cite news|title= Uttar Pradesh Delimitation Old & New, 2008|publisher= [[Chief Electoral Officer, Uttar Pradesh]]|access-date= 5 November 2015|url= http://ceouttarpradesh.nic.in/Instructions/delimitation_Old_New.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111113181505/http://ceouttarpradesh.nic.in/Instructions/delimitation_Old_New.pdf#|archive-date= 13 November 2011|url-status= dead|df= dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008">{{cite news|title= Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] official website|access-date=5 November 2015|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Member list">{{cite news|title=Member list|publisher=[[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] website|access-date=5 November 2015|url=http://uplegisassembly.gov.in/ENGLISH/member-list.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630050217/http://uplegisassembly.gov.in/ENGLISH/member-list.htm|archive-date=30 June 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Wards / Areas==
Extent of Chharra Assembly constituency is KC Chharra, PCs Barala, Dilalpur Sunhera, Nausha, Tikta Arni of Barala KC & Chharra NP of Atrauli Tehsil; KCs Akarabad, Vijaygarh, PCs Sidhauli, Asadpur Kiam, Grusikharan, Shahajahanpur Tajpur, Ekari, Changari, Imlani, Budhansi, Jalali-II, Alahdadpur, Bhojpur of Jalali KC, Jalali NP, Pilkhana NP, Kodiaganj NP & Vijaygarh NP of Koil Tehsil.<ref name=" Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 "/>

==Members of the Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Election
! Name
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
| [[Rakesh Kumar (politician)|Rakesh Kumar]]<ref name=" 2012 Election Results ">{{cite news|title= 2012 Election Results|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] website|access-date=5 November 2015|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2012/Stats_Report_UP2012.pdf}}</ref>
| {{Full party name with color|Samajwadi Party}}
|-
| [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2017]]<ref name="election2017">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3471-uttar-pradesh-general-legislative-election-2017/ |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |title=State Election, 2017 to the Legislative Assembly Of Uttar Pradesh |website=eci.gov.in |accessdate=26 March 2022}}</ref>
| rowspan=2|[[Ravendra Pal Singh (politician)|Ravendra Pal Singh]]
| {{Full party name with color|rowspan=2|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2022]]<ref name="election2022"/>
|-
|}

==Election results==

=== 2022 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Chharra<ref name="election2022">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14185-uttar-pradesh-general-legislative-election-2022/ |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |title=State Election, 2022 to the Legislative Assembly Of Uttar Pradesh |website=eci.gov.in |accessdate=4 March 2023}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Ravendra Pal Singh (politician)|Ravendra Pal Singh]]
|votes = {{formatnum:111293}}
|percentage = 45.79
|change = -2.57
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Samajwadi Party
|candidate = Laxmi Dhangar
|votes = {{formatnum:86966}}
|percentage = 35.78
|change = +11.94
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Tilak Raj
|votes = {{formatnum:37558}}
|percentage = 15.45
|change = -8.07
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1027}}
|percentage = 0.42
|change = -0.13
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:24327}}
|percentage = 10.01
|change = -14.51
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:243058}}
|percentage = 62.79
|change = -0.75
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2017 ===
{{Election box begin
|title = [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election]]: Chharra<ref name="election2017"/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Ravendra Pal Singh
|votes = {{formatnum:110738}}
|percentage = 48.36
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Samajwadi Party
|candidate = Thakur Rakesh Singh
|votes = {{formatnum:54604}}
|percentage = 23.84
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Sagir
|votes = {{formatnum:53859}}
|percentage = 23.52
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jan Adhikar Manch
|candidate = Jai Prakash Pal
|votes = {{formatnum:2508}}
|percentage = 1.1
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1250}}
|percentage = 0.55
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:56134}}
|percentage = 24.52
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:229000}}
|percentage = 63.54
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Samajwadi Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2012===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Chharra<ref name="2012 Election Results"/>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Samajwadi Party
|candidate = [[Rakesh Kumar (politician)|Rakesh Kumar]]
|votes = 54,150
|percentage = 27.96
|change = -
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Mool Chand Baghel
|votes = 49,364
|percentage = 25.49
|change = -
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent politician
|candidate = Ravendra Pal Singh
|votes = 24,526
|percentage = 12.66
|change = -
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party =
|candidate = Remainder 21 candidates
|votes = 65,619
|percentage = 33.89
|change = -
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 4,786
|percentage = 2.47
|change = -
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 193,659
|percentage = 63.61
|change = -
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Samajwadi Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
*[[Aligarh district]]
*[[Hathras Lok Sabha constituency]]
* [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |title=Results of Uttar Pradesh Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/92-uttar-pradesh/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh}}

[[Category:Politics of Aligarh district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]

Jitendra Singh Rana

2026-04-07T17:02:02Z

MarkKapoor: put up the bio from scratch

{{short description|Indian politician (born 1956)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Jitendra Singh
| image = Jitendra Singh Rana.jpg
| caption = Official portrait, 2025
| image_size = 220px
| birth_name = Jitendra Singh Rana
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1956|11|06}}
| birth_place = [[Jammu]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India
| president = [[Ramnath Kovind]] [[Droupadi Murmu]]
| office = [[Minister of State]] for [[Prime Minister's Office (India)|Prime Minister's Office]]
| prime_minister = [[Narendra Modi]]
| term_start = 26 May 2014
| predecessor = [[V. Narayanasamy]]
| office1 = [[Minister of State|Union Minister of State]] for [[Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions|Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions]]
| prime_minister1 = Narendra Modi
| term_start1 = 26 May 2014
| predecessor1 = V. Narayanasamy
| office2 = [[Union Council of Ministers|Union Minister of State]] for the [[Department of Space]] and [[Department of Atomic Energy]]
| term_start2 = 26 May 2014
| term_end2 =
| prime_minister2 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| office3 = [[Minister of Earth Sciences|Union Minister of State (''Independent Charge'') for Earth Sciences]]
| term_start3 = 7 July 2021
| term_end3 = 18 May 2023
| prime_minister3 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor3 = [[Harsh Vardhan (Delhi politician)|Harsh Vardhan]]
| successor3 = [[Kiren Rijiju]]
| office4 =
| term_start4 = 26 May 2014
| term_end4 = 8 November 2014
| prime_minister4 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor4 = [[Jaipal Reddy]]
| successor4 = Harsh Vardhan
| office5 = [[Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region|Union Minister of State (''Independent Charge'') for Development of North Eastern Region]]
| term_start5 = 9 November 2014
| term_end5 = 7 July 2021
| prime_minister5 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor5 = [[V. K. Singh]]
| successor5 = [[G. Kishan Reddy]]
| office6 = [[Ministry of Science and Technology (India)|Union Minister of State (''Independent Charge'') for Science and Technology]]
| term_start6 = 7 July 2021
| term_end6 =
| prime_minister6 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor6 = Harsh Vardhan
| term_start7 = 26 May 2014
| term_end7 = 8 November 2014
| prime_minister7 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor7 = Jaipal Reddy
| successor7 = Harsh Vardhan
| office8 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| constituency8 = [[Udhampur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Udhampur]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|J&K]]
| term_start8 = 5 June 2014
| predecessor8 = [[Chaudhary Lal Singh]]
| alma_mater = {{Unbulleted_list|[[Stanley Medical College|Stanley Medical College, Chennai]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery|MBBS]])}}|[[Government Medical College, Jammu]] {{small|([[Doctor of Medicine|M.D]])}}}}
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| relatives = [[Devender Singh Rana]] {{small|(brother)}}
| spouse = {{marriage|Manju Singh|1982}}
| children = 2
| profession = [[Physician]]
| website = {{URL|www.drjitendrasingh.in}}
}}

[[Physician|Dr.]] '''Jitendra Singh Rana''' (born 6 November 1956) is an Indian physician and politician who is serving as the 18th [[Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region|Minister of Science and Technology]] and 12th [[Ministry of Earth Sciences|Minister of Earth Sciences]] since 2024. For [[Prime Minister's Office (India)|Prime Minister's Office]]; [[Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions|Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions]]; [[Department of Atomic Energy]] and [[Department of Space]].<ref name="auto">[http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/for-better-synergy-maximum-efficiency/article6055075.ece For better synergy, maximum efficiency] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530011658/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/for-better-synergy-maximum-efficiency/article6055075.ece|date=30 May 2014}}. The Hindu (28 May 2014). Retrieved on 1 August 2014.</ref> He was elected to [[18th Lok Sabha]] from [[Udhampur Lok Sabha constituency|Udhampur]] with the majority of 124,373 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shuchismita |date=2024-06-09 |title=Dr Jitendra scores another hat-trick |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/gk-top-news/dr-jitendra-scores-another-hat-trick/ |access-date=2024-06-10 |website=Greater Kashmir |language=en-US}}</ref>

He is a [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) national executive member and was the chief spokesperson for the union territory of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]].<ref>[http://www.ndtv.com/elections/article/people/minister-of-state-independent-charge-jitendra-singh-531178 Minister of State (Independent Charge): Jitendra Singh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530141752/http://www.ndtv.com/elections/article/people/minister-of-state-independent-charge-jitendra-singh-531178 |date=30 May 2014 }}. NDTV (26 May 2014). Retrieved on 1 August 2014.</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Make the interlocutors' report on Kashmir public: BJP|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Make-the-interlocutors-report-on-Kashmir-public-BJP-/articleshow/8318443.cms|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103110517/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-05-14/india/29542904_1_interlocutors-jammu-and-kashmir-kashmir-centric|url-status=live|archive-date=3 January 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=14 May 2011|access-date=14 June 2012}}</ref> He won the [[Udhampur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Udhampur seat]] in the Indian general election, [[2014 Indian general election|2014]] and [[2019 Indian general election|2019]] with highest ever margin of votes <ref>{{Cite web|title=BJP felicitates Jitendra Singh for highest-ever winning margin in Jammu and Kashmir|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2019/may/24/bjp-felicitates-jitendra-singh-for-highest-ever-winning-margin-in-jammu-and-kashmir-1981307.html|access-date=2022-08-22|website=The New Indian Express|date=24 May 2019 }}</ref> for the [[16th Lok Sabha]] and [[17th Lok Sabha]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Profile on BJP Web Site|url=http://www.bjp.org/en/know-your-candidate/candidate/dr-jitendra-singh|access-date=23 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518014228/http://www.bjp.org/en/know-your-candidate/candidate/dr-jitendra-singh|archive-date=18 May 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Early life==
Singh was born in [[Jammu]], in the erstwhile [[Indian state]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], into a [[Hindu]] [[Dogra Rajput]] family as the elder child<ref>{{cite web|agency=First Post|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/lok-sabha-polls-battle-royale-between-rajputs-in-jammus-udhampur-as-vikramaditya-singh-takes-on-jitendra-singh-6459461.html|title=Lok Sabha polls: Battle royale between Rajputs in Jammu's Udhampur as Vikramaditya Singh takes on Jitendra Singh|work=Firstpost |date=16 April 2019}}</ref> to parents Rajinder Singh and Shanti Devi.<ref name="LS">{{cite web|title=Singh, Dr. Jitendra|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=4718|publisher=Lok Sabha|access-date=31 July 2019}}</ref><ref name="DNA"/> His family belongs to the [[Marmat (tehsil)|Marmat]] area in the [[Doda district]].<ref name="native">{{cite news|last=Wani|first=Abid Hussain|title=Jitendra Singh's native area has no bridges |newspaper=Early Times|location=[[Jammu]]|pages=2|date=16 Apr 2019|url=http://www.earlytimes.in/mobile/newsdet.aspx?q=259935|access-date=12 Jun 2020}}</ref>

Singh is a doctor, and he did his schooling at [[Scindia School]], [[Gwalior]], passing out in 1972.<ref>{{Cite web |title= |url=https://www.narendramodi.in/prime-minister-narendra-modi-attends-125th-anniversary-of-the-scindia-school-in-gwalior-mp-575213}}</ref> He completed his medical education at [[Stanley Medical College]], [[Chennai]], and [[All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Dr. Jitendra Singh{{!}} Official Website of Hon'ble MoS (I /C) Dr.Jitendra Singh |url=https://drjitendrasingh.in/Biography.html |website=drjitendrasingh.in}}</ref>

Singh married Manju Singh. They have two sons.<ref name="LS"/>

==Professional career==
Besides being a medical doctor, Singh has also worked as a newspaper columnist. Initially he wrote for ''[[Kashmir Times]]''. Subsequently, he switched to ''[[Daily Excelsior]]'',<ref name="DNA"/> which is the largest circulated newspaper of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. His weekly column ''Tales of Travesty'' used to feature in the editorial section of the newspaper until his [[2014 Indian general election|election to the Lok Sabha in 2014]].<ref name="dispatch">{{cite web|title=Jitendra Singh, J&K's only representation in Union Ministry|url=https://www.thedispatch.in/jitendra-singh-jks-only-representation-in-union-ministry/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803081848/https://www.thedispatch.in/jitendra-singh-jks-only-representation-in-union-ministry/|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 August 2019|publisher=The Dispatch|access-date=3 August 2019|date=31 May 2019}}</ref>

He was a professor of diabetes and endocrinology,<ref>{{cite news|title=Dr Jitendra Singh focusses on young diabetics|url=http://earlytimesnews.com/newsdet.aspx?q=88939|work=Early Times|date=17 February 2012|access-date=14 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527215227/http://earlytimesnews.com/newsdet.aspx?q=88939|archive-date=27 May 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Life Patron,<ref>{{Cite web|agency=Press Trust of India|title=Dr Jitendra elected life patron of Diabetes Research Society|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/todays-paper/dr-jitendra-elected-life-patron-of-diabetes-research-society|access-date=2022-08-22|website=Greater Kashmir|date=2 January 2021|language=en}}</ref> [[Research Society for the Study of Diabetes in India|Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India (RSSDI)]]; Founder Executive Member, Diabetes in Pregnancy Study India, a consultant, clinical practitioner, author of eight books, and a newspaper columnist. He is the ex-chairman for the National Scientific Committee Diabetes and the Research Society for the Study of Diabetes in India.

==Political career==
===Formative years===
In 2008, Singh was appointed spokesperson of the Shri Amarnathji Sangharsh Samiti, an umbrella organisation of right wing parties during the [[Amarnath land transfer controversy]].<ref name="DNA"/> During his stint with the organisation, he took premature retirement as a professor of [[endocrinology]] in the [[Government Medical College, Jammu]] to join the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] in 2012.<ref name="DNA1">{{cite web |title=Like Narendra Modi, Jitendra Singh too was denied US visa |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-like-narendra-modi-jitendra-singh-too-was-denied-us-visa-1991986 |publisher=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA]] |access-date=31 July 2019|date=29 May 2014 }}</ref><ref name="IE">{{cite web |date=29 May 2014 |title=The doctor is in |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/the-doctor-is-in-11/ |access-date=31 July 2019 |publisher=[[Indian Express]]}}</ref> However, the party refused to make him a candidate for the [[2009 Indian general election]].<ref>{{cite web |title=BJP drops one Amarnath Samiti name |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/bjp-drops-one-amarnath-samiti-name/436793/ |publisher=[[Indian Express]] |access-date=31 July 2019 |date=20 March 2009}}</ref>

===Parliamentary career===
In March 2014, the party announced that Singh would contest the upcoming [[2014 Indian general election|general election]] from [[Udhampur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Udhampur constituency]] in his native Jammu.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Masood |last1=Hussain |title=Descent in J&K BJP as Nirmal Singh denied ticket |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/descent-in-jk-bjp-as-nirmal-singh-denied-ticket/articleshow/31847093.cms |newspaper=The Economic Times |access-date=31 July 2019 |date=11 March 2014}}</ref> His primary competitor was [[Ghulam Nabi Azad]] of the [[Indian National Congress]] party who was a former [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir|chief minister of the state]].<ref>{{cite news |author1=Ahmed Ali Fayyaz |title=The second homecoming |url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/the-second-homecoming/article5815819.ece |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=31 July 2019 |date=22 March 2014}}</ref> Singh was elected to the [[Lok Sabha]] after defeating Azad by a margin of 60,976 votes. Singh was polled {{formatnum:487369}} votes while Azad was polled {{formatnum:426393}} votes.<ref>{{cite news |title=2014 Elections Results: Ghulam Nabi Azad fails to make maiden bid from JK, Congress routed from Jammu |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/2014-elections-results-ghulam-nabi-azad-fails-to-make-maiden-bid-from-jk-congress-routed-from-jammu/articleshow/35215968.cms |newspaper=The Economic Times |access-date=31 July 2019 |date=16 March 2014}}</ref>

On 26 May 2014, Singh was appointed [[Minister of State]] in the [[Prime Minister's Office (India)|Prime Minister's Office]], Minister of State for [[Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions|Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions]], Minister of State for [[Department of Atomic Energy]] and [[Department of Space]]. He also became the Union Minister of State (Independent charge) in the [[Ministry of Science and Technology (India)|Ministry of Science and Technology]] and [[Ministry of Earth Sciences]].<ref name="LS"/><ref name="auto"/>

In March 2019, the party renominated Singh as its candidate from the Udhampur constituency for the upcoming [[2019 Indian general election|general election]]. His main rival was [[Vikramaditya Singh (politician, born 1964)|Vikramaditya Singh]] of the Congress party and supported by [[Jammu and Kashmir National Conference]] party - Vikramaditya Singh was also the grandson of [[Hari Singh]], the last monarch of the [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|former princely state]]. Jitendra Singh fought the election on his "development report card".<ref>{{cite web |title=Jitendra Singh to face direct contest with Dogra Maharaja's grandson in Udhampur Lok Sabha seat|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/jammu/jitendra-singh-to-face-direct-contest-with-dogra-maharajas-grandson-in-udhampur-lok-sabha-seat/articleshow/68576567.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=26 March 2019}}</ref> Notable campaigners for him included Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]], party president [[Amit Shah]], [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Home Minister]] [[Rajnath Singh]], [[Ram Madhav]] and cricketer [[Gautam Gambhir]].<ref>{{cite web |title=2019 Lok Sabha polls: J&K's Udhampur awaits a battle of ballots among 4 Rajputs |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha-2019/story/2019-lok-sabha-polls-j-k-s-udhampur-awaits-a-battle-of-ballots-among-4-rajputs-1504446-2019-04-18 |publisher=[[India Today]] |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=18 April 2019}}</ref> Jitendra Singh was re-elected to the Lok Sabha after defeating Vikramaditya Singh by approximately 350,000 votes. Jitendra Singh was polled 7,15,406 votes compared to his rival's 3,66,123 votes.<ref>{{cite news |title=Jitendra Singh attributes victory from Udhampur to BJP workers' hardwork |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/jitendra-singh-attributes-victory-from-udhampur-to-bjp-workers-hardwork-119060701329_1.html |publisher=[[Business Standard]] |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=7 June 2019|newspaper=Business Standard India |agency=Press Trust of India }}</ref>

On 31 May 2019, it was announced that Singh had retained his ministries in the [[Second Modi ministry]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Jitendra Singh, Minister of State (Independent Charge) 2019: BJP's man in J&K retains all berths from previous term, including Development of North East Region |url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/jitendra-singh-minister-of-state-independent-charge-2019-bjps-man-in-jk-retains-all-berths-from-previous-term-including-development-of-north-east-region-6726581.html |publisher=First Post |access-date=3 August 2019 |date=31 May 2019}}</ref> Singh was re-elected in 2024 and retained his ministries in [[Third Modi ministry]].

==Minister of Science and Technology==
[[File:Dr. Jitendra Singh taking charge as the Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology and Earth Sciences, in New Delhi on May 28, 2014.jpg|thumb|200px|Jitendra Singh as Minister of Science and Technology on 28 May 2014]]
As a minister of science and technology, Singh launched India's first indigenously made [[research vessel]] named "Sindhu Sadhana" on 14 July 2014 from [[Mormugao]] harbour in [[Goa]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Now, India gets first local research vessel |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/now-india-gets-first-local-research-vessel/story-UPkSjf00oB3PfrSz73weZI.html |publisher=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=14 July 2014}}</ref> In a written response to the Lok Sabha on 31 July, he announced that India had signed cooperative arrangements with 33 countries for "peaceful use of outer space". He further added that areas of co-operation included [[remote sensing]] of earth, [[launch service provider|launch services]], satellite communication, [[telemetry]], [[space exploration]] and [[space law]].<ref>{{cite web |title=India Working With 33 Nations For Peaceful Use Of Outer Space |url=https://www.businessinsider.in/india-working-with-33-nations-for-peaceful-use-of-outer-space/articleshow/39345015.cms |work=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=31 July 2014 |archive-date=1 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801095044/https://www.businessinsider.in/india-working-with-33-nations-for-peaceful-use-of-outer-space/articleshow/39345015.cms |url-status=dead }}</ref> He further launched India's first home-made broad spectrum [[confocal microscopy|confocal microscope]] on 7 October at [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Dr Jitendra Singh Launch's Product Developed Under CSIR-New Millennium Indian Technology Leadership Initiative (CSIR-NMITLI): A Unique Public -Private - Partnership (PPP) Programme |url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=110328 |publisher=Press Information Bureau |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=7 October 2014}}</ref> He announced that the government was considering increasing the retirement age of scientists to 62 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=Retirement age of scientists may be raised to 62 years |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/retirement-age-of-scientists-may-be-raised-to-62-years-718688.html |publisher=[[News 18]] |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=7 October 2014}}</ref> The ministry increased the stipend of researchers by 50% at the end of the month.<ref>{{cite web |title=Research stipends hiked by over 50% |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/rKTUNcwte5tWUeb4pgDdYL/Research-stipends-hiked-by-over-50.html |publisher=Live Mint |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=22 October 2014}}</ref> On 8 November 2014, Singh was replaced by [[Harsh Vardhan (Delhi politician)|Harsh Vardhan]], another doctor as the minister of science and technology and earth sciences.<ref>{{cite web |title=Out of health ministry in just 5 months, Harsh Vardhan takes charge of science and tech ministry |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Out-of-health-ministry-in-just-5-months-Harsh-Vardhan-takes-charge-of-science-and-tech-ministry/articleshow/45105298.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=11 November 2014}}</ref>

==Minister of state in space and atomic energy==
[[File:Dr. Jitendra Singh visiting the Semiconductor Laboratory of the Department of Space.jpg|thumb|Singh visiting the [[Semiconductor]] Laboratory of the [[Department of Space]]]]
During Singh's ministership, the fourth [[Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System]] was launched by [[ISRO]] in April 2015 which would provide "navigation and communication facility to all the surrounding countries".<ref>{{cite web |title=Isro all set to give navigation services, says Jitendra Singh |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/469957/isro-all-set-give-navigation.html |publisher=[[Deccan Herald]] |access-date=4 August 2019 |date=6 April 2015}}</ref> On 29 April 2018, he along with ISRO chairman [[K. Sivan]] confirmed that India would send a crewed mission to the moon by 2022 as proposed by Prime Minister Modi.<ref>{{cite web |title=3 Indians will reach space within 16 minutes of launch: Isro chairman |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/3-indians-will-reach-space-within-16-minutes-of-launch-isro-chairman/articleshow/65579117.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=4 August 2019 |date=29 April 2018}}</ref>

==Minister of state for Personnel, Public Grievances and pension==
[[File:Dr. Jitendra Singh taking charge as the Minister for State for Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions, in New Delhi on May 27, 2014.jpg|thumb|200px|Singh taking charge as the Minister for State for Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions, in New Delhi on 26 May 2014]]
During Singh's tenure as the minister of personnel, public grievances and pension, the [[Union Public Service Commission]] refused to count the marks of English comprehension in the [[Civil Services Examination (India)|Civil Services Aptitude Test]]. This violated the status quo of the question paper as suggested by the [[Arvind Varma]] committee.<ref>{{cite web |title=UPSC row: Modi govt should worry about careers, not only BJP votes |url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/upsc-row-modi-govt-should-worry-about-careers-not-only-bjp-votes-1649413.html |publisher=First Post |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=5 August 2014}}</ref> Interviews were discontinued for lower tier government jobs as well the need of attestation by a gazetted officer was also discontinued.<ref name="dispatch"/> On 20 March 2019, [[Pinaki Chandra Ghose]], a former [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] judge was appointed as India's first [[Lokpal]].<ref name="dispatch"/><ref>{{cite web |title=India's First Lokpal Appointed: Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose as Chief, 8 Members |url=https://thewire.in/government/indias-first-lokpal-appointed-justice-pinaki-chandra-ghose-as-chief-8-members |publisher=[[The Wire (India)|The Wire]] |access-date=4 August 2019 |date=20 March 2019}}</ref>

==Minister of state for Development of North Eastern region==
[[File:A delegation of indigenous communities from Sikkim meeting the Minister of State for Development of North Eastern Region (IC), Prime Minister’s Office, Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions, Atomic Energy and Space.jpg|thumb| A delegation of indigenous communities from [[Sikkim]] meeting the Minister of State for Development of North Eastern Region (IC)]]
[[File:Dr. Jitendra Singh addressing the inaugural session of the Northeast Business Summit.jpg|thumb|Singh addressing the inaugural session of the Northeast Business Summit]]
On 8 November 2014, in a cabinet reshuffle, Singh was appointed Minister of State (Independent charge) in the [[Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region]] and replaced [[V.K. Singh]].<ref>{{cite news |title=What went wrong? VK Singh lost Doner to MoS for personnel Jitendra Singh |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/what-went-wrong-vk-singh-lost-doner-to-mos-for-personnel-jitendra-singh/articleshow/45104244.cms?from=mdr |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |access-date=3 August 2019 |date=11 November 2019|last1 = Sharma|first1 = Aman}}</ref> In the ministry, he introduced the use of satellite imaging for surveying and building roads and for "preparation of utilisation certificates with fool-proof accuracy". He advised [[Sarbananda Sonowal]], the [[Chief Minister of Assam]] to utilise the Assam Remote Sensing Application Centre to construct smart cities and in urban development.<ref>{{cite news |title=Many space applications not being fully utilised: Minister |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/many-space-applications-not-being-fully-utilised-minister-116071401193_1.html |publisher=[[Business Standard]] |access-date=3 August 2019 |date=14 July 2016|newspaper=Business Standard India |agency=Press Trust of India }}</ref> On 23 November 2015, Singh announced that the central government has decided to make [[Mizoram]] a "bamboo state" and the ministry proposed steps for the commercial utilisation of the state's bamboo potential.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mizoram to be bamboo state: Jitendra Singh |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/mizoram-to-be-bamboo-state-jitendra-singh/articleshow/49895935.cms |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |access-date=3 August 2019 |date=23 November 2015}}</ref>

In January 2016, he said that the [[Northeast India]] was "emerging destination for new Startups". In the [[Startup India]] scheme launched by Modi, the ministry added an additional incentive, "venture" funds. This fund would provide the aspiring entrepreneurs "relief from financial liabilities" and thus according to Singh, youth from other parts of India would "participate in the development of the North-Eastern States".<ref>{{cite web |title=Northeast is emerging destination for new startups: Dr. Jitendra Singh |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Business/2016-01-30/Northeast-is-emerging-destination-for-new-Startups-Dr-Jitendra-Singh/203657 |publisher=The Hans India |access-date=3 August 2019 |date=30 January 2019}}</ref>

In September 2018, [[Pakyong Airport]], [[Sikkim]]'s first greenfield airport was inaugurated by Modi. Previously, Singh had set up a deadline of 2017.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sikkim's Pakyong airport is an engineering marvel, a historic moment for India, says PM Modi - Highlights |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/pm-narendra-modi-in-sikkim-to-inaugurate-sikkims-first-airport-at-pakyong/289014 |work=Times Now |access-date=3 August 2019 |date=24 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Pakyong airport in Sikkim to become operational by 2017 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/airlines-/-aviation/pakyong-airport-in-sikkim-to-become-operational-by-2017/articleshow/50503378.cms?from=mdr |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |access-date=3 August 2019 |date=8 January 2016}}</ref> In the same month, he announced that an airport would also be built in [[Arunachal Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Arunachal airport work will start soon: Jitendra Singh |url=http://www.uniindia.com/arunachal-airport-work-will-start-soon-jitendra-singh/states/news/1364332.html |publisher=UNI India |access-date=3 August 2019 |date=28 September 2018}}</ref>

===2014 Jammu and Kashmir election===
On 17 November 2014, the party announced that Singh was appointed the head of the 18-member Election Campaign Committee for the upcoming [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|legislative assembly election]] in his native state.<ref>{{cite news |title=Jitendra Singh to head BJP's Election Campaign Committee in Jammu & Kashmir |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/jitendra-singh-to-head-bjps-election-campaign-committee-in-jammu-kashmir/articleshow/45175381.cms?from=mdr |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |access-date=31 July 2019 |date=17 November 2014}}</ref> He formulated the strategy for the party.<ref name="DNA"/> However, no party managed to get a majority in the election.<ref name="DNA">{{cite web |title=Kashmir's Dogra bros divided in politics |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-kashmir-s-dogra-bros-divided-in-politics-2047463 |publisher=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA]] |access-date=31 July 2019 |date=28 December 2014}}</ref> The media speculated that Singh might become the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir as he had the support of [[Narendra Modi]] and [[Amit Shah]] and was popular amongst the Hindus of [[Jammu region|Jammu]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Who will be Jammu & Kashmir's new CM? |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/people/who-will-be-jammu-kashmirs-new-cm/dr-jitendra-singh/slideshow/45659152.cms |publisher=The Economic Times |access-date=31 July 2019 |date=27 December 2014}}</ref> The party negotiated with [[Jammu and Kashmir National Conference]] party in order to form a coalition government. However, talks fell flat when the National Conference rejected the demand of a Hindu chief minister for which Singh was a front runner.<ref name="DNA"/>

==Political views==
Singh said that the [[Article 370 of the Constitution of India]], which gave a special status to the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] was temporary in nature and quoted India's first prime minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] for the same.<ref>{{cite web |title=Special status to J&K is temporary, even Nehru said ye ghiste ghiste ghis jaayegi: MoS Jitendra Singh |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/special-status-j-k-temporary-nehru-ghiste-ghiste-mos-jitendra-singh-1558366-2019-06-29 |publisher=[[India Today]] |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=29 June 2019}}</ref> He alleged that Congress and National Conference parties had fooled the people of the state "in the name of Article 370". He further criticised former chief minister [[Sheikh Abdullah]] for misusing the article to lengthen the term of the assembly.<ref>{{cite web |title=Congress, NC misused Article 370 for political gains: Union Minister Jitendra Singh |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/congress-nc-misused-article-370-political-gains-union-minister-jitendra-singh-1574564-2019-07-28 |publisher=[[India Today]] |access-date=1 August 2019 |date=28 July 2019}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[First Modi ministry|First Modi Ministry]]
* [[Second Modi ministry|Second Modi Ministry]]
* [[Third Modi ministry]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{commons category|Jitendra Singh (BJP politician)}}

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{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Lal Singh Chaudhary (politician)|Lal Singh Chaudhary]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for [[Udhampur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Udhampur]] |years=2014 – present}}
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Minister of Science and Technology (India)|Minister of Science and Technology]]|years=26 May 2014 – 9 November 2014 ''Minister of State with Independent Charge''}}
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{{s-bef|before=[[Jaipal Reddy]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Earth Sciences|Minister of Earth Sciences]]|years=26 May 2014 – 9 November 2014 ''Minister of State with Independent Charge''}}
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{{s-inc}}
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Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium, Dehradun

2026-03-27T08:19:05Z

MarkKapoor: Adding new stub - done

{{Short description|Cricket Stadium Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{About|a Cricket stadium in Dehradun|Cricket stadium located in Hyderabad|Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium|Other stadium with Rajiv Gandhi name|Rajiv Gandhi Stadium (disambiguation){{!}}Rajiv Gandhi Stadium}}{{Infobox cricket ground
| ground_name = Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium
| image = Dehradun cricket stadium.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| country = India
| location = [[Dehradun]], [[Uttarakhand]], India
| coordinates = {{coord|30|17|49|N|78|06|20|E}}
| seating_capacity = 25,000
| owner = [[Government of Uttarakhand]]
| operator = [[Cricket Association of Uttarakhand]]
| architect = Collage Design, Mumbai<ref>{{cite web |title=TRIVANDRUM INTERNATIONAL STADIUM |url=http://www.collagedesign.net/dehradun_cricket_stadium.html}}</ref>
| contractor = [[Shapoorji Pallonji Group]]<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/Govt-to-develop-intl-cricket-stadium-on-finance-operate-transfer-basis/articleshow/46899533.cms|title = Govt to develop int'l cricket stadium on finance, operate & transfer basis | Dehradun News - Times of India|website = [[The Times of India]]| date=12 April 2015 }}</ref>
| tenants = {{Bulleted list|[[Uttarakhand cricket team]] (2018–present)|[[Afghanistan cricket team]] (2013–2019)}}
| website = {{url|http://dehradunstadium.blogspot.in}}
| end1 = Pavilion End
| end2 = Southern End
| international = true
| onlytestdate = 15–18 March
| onlytestyear = 2019
| onlytesthome = Afghanistan
| onlytesthomevar = 2013
| onlytestaway = Ireland
| lasttestdate =
| lasttestyear =
| lasttesthome =
| lasttestaway =
| firstodidate = 28 February
| firstodiyear = 2019
| firstodihome = Afghanistan
| firstodihomevar = 2013
| firstodiaway = Ireland
| lastodidate = 10 March
| lastodiyear = 2019
| lastodihome = Afghanistan
| lastodihomevar = 2013
| lastodiaway = Ireland
| firstt20idate = 3 June
| firstt20iyear = 2018
| firstt20ihome = Afghanistan
| firstt20ihomevar = 2013
| firstt20iaway = Bangladesh
| lastt20idate = 24 February
| lastt20iyear = 2019
| lastt20ihome = Afghanistan
| lastt20ihomevar = 2013
| lastt20iaway = Ireland
| date = 18 March 2019
| source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/ground/1145946.html ESPNcricinfo
|othernames=Dehradun Cricket Stadium|established=16 December 2016}}

'''Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium''', colloquially known as '''Dehradun Cricket Stadium''' is a cricket stadium in [[Dehradun]], [[Uttarakhand]] in India.<ref>[http://www.allindoon.com/showbusinesslist/showbusinessarticle/directory/active-life-dehradun/4930-rajiv-gandhi-international-cricket-stadium-dehradun-uttarakhand allindoon] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213102/http://www.allindoon.com/showbusinesslist/showbusinessarticle/directory/active-life-dehradun/4930-rajiv-gandhi-international-cricket-stadium-dehradun-uttarakhand |date=3 March 2016 }}</ref> It is the home ground of [[Uttarakhand cricket team]].

It is the first international standard stadium in the Uttarakhand state and was constructed in amount of 234 [[Crore|cr]]. In 2018 this arena hosted its first ICC cricket match.<ref name="ACB">{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/dehradun/lukewarm-response-for-first-t20-match-at-doon-stadium/story-fgYwqipGljwHDV24Ur4dfJ.html|title=Lukewarm response for first T20 match at Doon stadium|date=2 June 2018}}</ref> Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium is India's 21st venue to host T20 internationals, and the 51st Indian international cricket venue.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/18707/preview/1145982/afghanistan-vs-bangladesh-1st-t20i-bangladesh-tour-of-india-2018/|title=Advantage Afghanistan in spin-friendly Dehradun|date=2 June 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/afghanistan-to-face-bangladesh-in-first-t20i-at-dehradun-on-sunday/19482197|title=Afghanistan To Face Bangladesh In First T20I At Dehradun On Sunday|date=2 June 2018}}</ref>

It is named after former prime minister of India [[Rajiv Gandhi]].

== History ==
[[file:CM Photo 10 dt. 16 december, 2016.jpg|thumb|left|Chief Minister of Uttarakhand [[Harish Rawat]] with Sports Minister of Uttarakhand [[Dinesh Agrawal]] (left) and IPL Chairman [[Rajeev Shukla]] (right) at the inauguration of Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium in Dehradun.]]
With the formation of the state in the year 2000, the state suffered a blow to its sport facilities as [[Uttar Pradesh]] had the entire infrastructure for sports and [[Uttarakhand]] had hosted very few [[Ranji Trophy]] matches. Due to the lack of infrastructure, players started moving to different states.{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}

Due to lack of infrastructure facilities, state was not given affiliation by the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] to make its team to complete in Ranji Trophy and other domestic tournaments. This was a major drawback for the young cricketers in Uttarakhand who started seeking cricketing opportunities from other states.

In November 2012, the Chief Minister of Uttarakhand, [[Vijay Bahuguna]], laid the foundation of the stadium. On 16 December 2016, Chief Minister [[Harish Rawat]] inaugurated the stadium along with [[Rajeev Shukla]], Chairperson of the [[Indian Premier League]]. The total cost of stadium was ₹237.20 crore.<ref name=":1">[http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/dehradun/layout-for-dehradun-cricket-stadium-finalised.html dailypioneer statdium]</ref>

The first match was played between [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]] and Uttarakhand cricket team. International players such as Piyush Chawla and Suresh Raina etc was in the attendance.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-01-10 |title=International cricket stadium in Dehradun awaits shot in arm |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/dehradun/international-cricket-stadium-in-dehradun-awaits-shot-in-arm/story-YUvuqZTkQc1yCOyxK1EHDL.html |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>

In 2016, [[The Great Khali]] organised a [[professional wrestling]] event inside this stadium, which also featured foreign professional wrestlers.<ref name=":0" />

The stadium was selected as the second home ground for the [[Afghanistan national cricket team|Afghanistan cricket team]] in India.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/dehradun-likely-to-be-afghanistans-second-home-ground/articleshow/62554424.cms|title = Afghanistan: Dehradun likely to be Afghanistan's second home ground | Cricket News - Times of India|website = [[The Times of India]]| date=18 January 2018 }}</ref> In 2018 this arena hosted its first international match, when Afghanistan played against Bangladesh in T20I here.<ref name="ACB" />

The stadium suffered from lack of maintenance from the Uttarakhand government, due to deprivation of big matches and high cost to run it. The state government decided to out source private company to maintain it and rolled out tender.<ref name=":0" />

The stadium hosted its inaugural ODI and Test match during series of [[Irish cricket team against Afghanistan in India in 2018–19|Ireland against Afghanistan in India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/105411/afghanistan-ireland-to-face-off-in-full-series-in-2019|title=Afghanistan, Ireland to face off in full series in 2019|work=Cricbuzz|date=1 December 2018}}</ref>

== Architecture and facilities ==
The stadium is located in the [[Raipur, Uttarakhand|Raipur area]] of [[Dehradun]] and has a seating capacity of 25,000 people, along with floodlights facility for conducting day-night matches. The seats inside the stadium have been arranged in a manner that it gives a look of [[Aipan art]], a traditional [[Kumaoni people|Kumaoni]] art. It is the first international standards cricket stadium in Uttarakhand state. The arena is built according to international standards, it has modern facilities such as corporate boxes, swimming pool, billiards room, gymnasium and club house. It is built on 23 acres land.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

== Franchise cricket ==

* The matches of Road Safety World Series league held in this stadium in September 2022. Former cricketers such as [[Sachin Tendulkar]], [[Brian Lara]], [[Suresh Raina]] etc. played here.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 21, 2022 |title=Road Safety Cricket Series Dehradun Leg Begins Today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/road-safety-cricket-series-dehradun-leg-begins-today/articleshow/94340032.cms |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

* The matches of Legends League Cricket league held in this stadium in November 2023. Former cricketers such as [[Irfan Pathan]], [[Gautam Gambhir]], [[Harbhajan Singh]], [[Mohammad Kaif]], [[Suresh Raina]], [[Martin Guptill]] etc. played here.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thedailyjagran.com/cricket/legends-league-cricket-2023-to-be-played-in-ranchi-dehradun-jammu-vizag-and-surat-from-november18-10105171 | title=Legends League Cricket 2023 to be Played in Ranchi, Dehradun, Jammu, Vizag and Surat from November 18 | date=5 October 2023 }}</ref>

==List of centuries==

===Key===
* '''*''' denotes that the batsman was [[not out]].
* '''Inns.''' denotes the number of the innings in the match.
* '''Balls''' denotes the number of [[Delivery (cricket)|balls]] faced in an innings.
* '''NR''' denotes that the number of balls was not recorded.
* Parentheses next to the player's score denotes his century number at Edgbaston.
* The column title '''Date''' refers to the date the match started.
* The column title '''Result''' refers to the player's team result

=== ODIs ===
{| style="font-size:95%" class="wikitable sortable"
!No. !!Score !!Player !!Team !!Balls !!Inns. !!Opposing team !!Date !!Winning team
|-
| 1 || 104 || [[Najibullah Zadran]] ||{{cr|AFG|2013}} || 98 || 1 ||{{cr|IRE}} || 5 March 2019 || Lost<ref name=odi4105>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/19052/scorecard/1168117/afghanistan-vs-ireland-3rd-odi-afg-v-ire-2018-19 |title=3rd ODI (D/N), Ireland tour of India at Dehradun, Mar 5 2019 |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=24 August 2019}}</ref>
|-
| 2 || 145* || [[Andrew Balbirnie]] || {{cr|IRE}} ||136 || 2 || {{cr|AFG|2013}} || 5 March 2019 || Won<ref name=odi4105/>
|}

=== T20Is ===
{| style="font-size:95%" class="wikitable sortable"
!No. !!Score !!Player !!Team !!Balls !!Inns. !!Opposing team !!Date !!Winning team
|-
| 1 || 162* || [[Hazratullah Zazai]] ||{{cr|AFG|2013}} || 62 || 1 ||{{cr|IRE}} || 23 February 2019 || Won<ref name=t20i746>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/19052/scorecard/1168113/afghanistan-vs-ireland-2nd-t20i-afg-v-ire-2018-19 |title=2nd T20I, Ireland tour of India at Dehradun, Feb 23 2019 |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=24 August 2019}}</ref>
|}

==List of five-wicket hauls==

===Key===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Symbol
! Meaning
|-
|{{dagger}}
|The bowler was [[Man of the match#Cricket|man of the match]]
|-
|{{double-dagger}}
|10 or more wickets taken in the match
|-
|§
|One of two five-wicket hauls by the bowler in the match
|-
|'''Date'''
|Day the [[Test cricket|Test]] started or [[One Day International|ODI]] was held
|-
|'''Inn'''
|[[Innings#Cricket|Innings]] in which five-wicket haul was taken
|-
|'''Overs'''
|Number of [[Over (cricket)|overs]] bowled.
|-
|'''Runs'''
|Number of [[Run (cricket)|runs]] conceded
|-
|'''Wkts'''
|Number of [[Wicket#Dismissing a batsman|wickets]] taken
|-
|'''Econ'''
|[[Cricket statistics#Bowling statistics|Runs conceded per over]]
|-
|'''Batsmen'''
|[[Batting (cricket)|Batsmen]] whose wickets were taken
|-
|'''Drawn'''
|The match was [[Draw (cricket)|drawn]].
|}

===Tests===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 100%"
|- align=center
! scope="col" width="38"|No.
! scope="col" width="145"|Bowler
! scope="col" width="220"|Date
! scope="col" width="120"|Team
! scope="col" width="120"|Opposing team
! scope="col" width="60"|Inn
! scope="col" width="82"|Overs
! scope="col" width="70"|Runs
! scope="col" width="60"|Wkts
! scope="col" width="70"|Econ
! scope="col" width="160" class="unsortable" |Batsmen
! scope="col" width="70"|Result
|-align="center"
|scope="row"| 1 || [[Rashid Khan (cricketer)|Rashid Khan]] || {{dts|format=dmy|2019|3|15}} || {{cr|AFG|2013}} || {{cr|IRE}} || {{nts|3}} || {{nts|34}} || {{sort|0082|82}} || {{sort|05118|5}} || {{nts|2.41}} || align=left |
*[[James McCollum]]
*[[Stuart Thompson]]
*[[George Dockrell]]
*[[Kevin O'Brien (cricketer)|Kevin O'Brien]]
*[[Andy McBrine]]
|| Won<ref name=test2351>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1168120.html |title=Only Test, Ireland tour of India at Dehradun, Mar 15-18 2019|work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=24 August 2019}}</ref>
|}

===T20Is===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%"
|+ Five-wicket hauls in T20Is at Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium, Dehradun
|- align=center
! scope="col" width="38"|No.
! scope="col" width="145"|Bowler
! scope="col" width="100"|Date
! scope="col" width="120"|Team
! scope="col" width="120"|Opposing Team
! scope="col" width="60"|Inn
! scope="col" width="82"|Overs
! scope="col" width="70"|Runs
! scope="col" width="60"|Wkts
! scope="col" width="70"|Econ
! scope="col" width="160" class="unsortable" |Batsmen
! scope="col" width="70"|Result
|- align=center
|scope="row"| 1 || [[Rashid Khan (cricketer)|Rashid Khan]] || {{dts|format=dmy|2019|2|24}} || {{cr|AFG|2013}} || {{cr|IRE}} || {{nts|2}} || {{nts|4}} || {{sort|0027|27}} || {{sort|05173|5}} || {{nts|6.75}} || align=left |
*[[Kevin O'Brien (cricketer)|Kevin O'Brien]]
*[[George Dockrell]]
*[[Shane Getkate]]
*[[Simi Singh]]
*[[Joshua Little]]
|| Won<ref name=t20i747>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1168114.html |title=3rd T20I, Ireland tour of India at Dehradun, Feb 24 2019|work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=24 August 2019}}</ref>
|}

== See also ==
• [[Indira Gandhi International Sports Stadium]], another cricket stadium situated in Uttarakhand's [[Haldwani]].

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/ground/1145946.html Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium at ESPNcricinfo]
*[https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-venues/528/rajiv-gandhi-international-cricket-stadium Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium at cricbuzz]
*[http://www.collagedesign.net/dehradun_cricket_stadium.html Stadium design]

{{coord|30|18|05|N|78|06|09|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=title}}

{{Dehradun}}
{{List of cricket grounds in India}}

{{Uttarakhand}}

[[Category:Sports venues in Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Dehradun]]
[[Category:Sport in Dehradun]]
[[Category:Cricket grounds in Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Sports venues completed in 2016]]
[[Category:2016 establishments in Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Test cricket grounds in India]]

Meitei people in Tripura

2026-03-26T08:05:35Z

MarkKapoor: created a data

{{Short description|none}}
{{Contains special characters|Meitei}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2025}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Tripura Meiteis (Meitei people in Tripura)
| native_name = [[File:Meitei transliteration of the term "Meitei".jpg|50px|]]
| native_name_lang = mni
| flag = Flag of Kangleipak.svg
| flag_caption = Cultural flag of the Meiteis
| image = Maharani Khuman Chanu Manmohini.jpg 
| image_caption = [[:en:Manmohini Devi|Manmohini Devi]], one of the [[Meitei queens of Tripura]], and the first female [[selfie|self photographer]] of India<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sharma|first=Kamayani|date=4 March 2024|title=A 19th-century Indian queen's photographic work has been obscured by history|url=https://scroll.in/magazine/1064619/a-19th-century-indian-queens-photographic-work-has-been-obscured-by-history|access-date=29 September 2024|language=en}}</ref>
| image_alt =
| image_uprigh =
| total = 23,779
| total_year = 2020
| total_source =<ref>{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Tripura |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1600.XLSX |website=census.gov.in |access-date=29 September 2020 |archive-date=10 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410152742/https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1600.XLSX |url-status=live }}</ref>
| total_ref =<ref>{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Tripura |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1600.XLSX |website=census.gov.in |access-date=29 September 2020 |archive-date=10 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410152742/https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1600.XLSX |url-status=live }}</ref>
| total1 = 
| total1_year = 
| total1_source = 
| total1_ref = 
| genealogy =
| regions = 

| region1 = 
| pop1 = 
| ref1 = 
| region2 =
| pop2 =
| ref2 =
| region3 = 
| pop3 = 
| ref3 = 

| languages = [[File:Meetei Mayek letter I.svg|20px]] [[Meitei language]] {{small|(officially known as [[Manipuri language]])}}
| religions = '''Majority''': [[File:Om.svg|15px]] [[Hinduism]] '''Minority''': {{hlist|[[File:The Symbol of Sanamahi.svg|30px]] [[Sanamahism]], [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]] [[Meitei Muslims|Islam]]}}
| related_groups = other [[Indian people]]
| footnotes =
}}

The [[Meitei people]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ}}|}}), also called [[Manipuri people]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ}}|}}), are one of the minority ethnic groups in [[Tripura]]. Meiteis call the land of Tripura as "Takhel" ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯇꯈꯦꯜ}}|}}) or "Takhen" ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯇꯈꯦꯟ}}|}}) in [[Meitei language|their language]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=H. Surmangol |date=2006 |others=[[University of Chicago]] |title=Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/sharma_query.py?qs=Tripura&matchtype=default |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=dsal.uchicago.edu |page=74 |language=mni, en |quote=takhel ꯇꯈꯦꯜ /tə.kʰel/ n. a former name of present Tripura (a northeast state of India), as known to the Manipuris.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tripura Meiteis living in misery, want Manipur government to look into the matter: 19th aug19 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=6..190819.aug19|access-date=28 September 2024|website=e-pao.net}}</ref> In September 2020, their population was estimated to be approximately 23,779.<ref>{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Tripura |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1600.XLSX |website=census.gov.in |access-date=29 September 2020 |archive-date=10 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410152742/https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1600.XLSX |url-status=live }}</ref>

In [[Agartala]], the capital of Tripura, the Meitei-speaking population is the fourth-largest linguistic group, after [[Bengalis]], [[Tripuris]], and [[Hindi]] speakers, according to the 2011 census.<ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=7 December 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>

The Tripura Meiteis are recognised under the [[Other Backward Classes|OBC category]] in Tripura.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Press|first=Imphal Free|date=25 March 2013|title=Meitei Manipuris in Tripura: lost moorings and old ties – KanglaOnline|url=https://kanglaonline.in/2013/03/meitei-manipuris-in-tripura-lost-moorings-and-old-ties/?amp|access-date=28 September 2024|language=en-US}}</ref>

== History ==
{{Main|History of Tripura|History of Manipur|Meitei people in Assam#History{{!}}Meitei history of Assam|Meitei people in Bangladesh#History{{!}}Meitei history of Bangladesh}}
[[File:Maharaja Birchandra with Maharani Manamohini.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Manmohini Devi|Khuman Chanu Manmohini Devi]], one of the [[Meitei queens of Tripura]], with her husband, [[:en:Bir Chandra Manikya|Bir Chandra Manikya]], the king of [[Tripura]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sharma|first=Kamayani|date=4 March 2024|title=A 19th-century Indian queen's photographic work has been obscured by history|url=https://scroll.in/magazine/1064619/a-19th-century-indian-queens-photographic-work-has-been-obscured-by-history|access-date=29 September 2024|language=en}}</ref>]]

There were [[Marriage of state|royal matrimonial alliances]] between the royal houses of Tripura and [[Manipur]] during the days of monarchies. Numerous [[Meitei women]] became queens of the [[Twipra Kingdom]]. [[Kings of Tripura]] married not only Meitei princesses but also many Meitei girls from commoner families. Numerous Meitei queens of Tripura contributed to the public welfare works of the kingdoms. These frequent marriage alliances not only brought good relationships between the two kingdoms but also the cultural assimilation of [[Meitei culture]] with [[Tripuri culture]]. Besides the royalties, the tradition of marrying Meitei ladies was even practised by many nobles of Tripura. The Meitei subjects of these Meitei queens came from Manipur and settled in Tripura. These started the early settlements of the Meiteis in the land of Tripura.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bhattacharjee|first=Dr Bishwajit|title=Matrimonial Alliances between the royal houses of Tripura and Manipur in the days of monarchy|url=https://www.academia.edu/7839674|journal=Academia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Singha|first=Memchaton|title=Manipuri Queens in the Royal House of Tripura|url=https://www.academia.edu/5899052|journal=Academia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Singha|first=Memchaton|title=Matrimonial Alliances between the Royal Houses of Tripura and Manipur in the Days of Monarchy|ssrn=2489572 |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2489572}}</ref>

== Language ==
{{Main|Meitei language in Tripura}}
The [[Meitei language]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ}}/{{Script|Beng|মৈতৈ লোন}}|Meitei Lon}}), also known as the [[Manipuri language]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ}}/{{Script|Beng|মণিপুরী লোন}}|Manipuri Lon}}),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Manipuri language {{!}} Manipuri language {{!}} Meitei, India, Tibeto-Burman {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Manipuri-language|website=www.britannica.com|date=15 August 2024 |language=en}}</ref> is one of the seven officially declared [[minority languages]], besides [[Kokborok]] and [[Bengali language|Bengali]], recognised by the [[Tripura|Government of Tripura]]. Its promotion and development are done by the Directorate of Kokborok & Other Minority Languages, established in August 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aboutus {{!}} Directorate of Kokborok & Other Minority Languages|url=https://kokborokoml.tripura.gov.in/about-us|website=kokborokoml.tripura.gov.in}}</ref> The Meitei language was introduced at [[Tripura University]] in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=Snipp8..200723.jul23 |title=TU to introduce Manipuri language, dance |date=19 July 2023 |access-date=28 September 2024 |website=e-pao.net}}</ref>

== Displacement {{anchor|Discrimination|Politics}} ==
A militant group named "[[National Liberation Front of Tripura]]" targeted and [[forcible displacement|forcibly displaced]] numerous minority Meiteis, especially peasants, from their settlements to other places in Tripura.<ref>{{Cite web|title=TRIPURA REBELS TARGET MANIPURIS|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/tripura-rebels-target-manipuris/cid/887944}}</ref>

There were approximately 150 Meitei villages in Tripura at the time of [[Independence Day (India)|India's independence]] (1947), but the number had reduced to fewer than 100 by the 2010s. Mekhli Para was founded in 1798 and was initially inhabited by Meiteis; however, it had no Meitei inhabitants by the 2010s.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tripura Meiteis living in misery, want Manipur government to look into the matter: 19th aug19 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=6..190819.aug19|access-date=28 September 2024|website=e-pao.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Takhellambam|first=Rabi|date=18 August 2019|title=Tripura Meiteis living in misery, want Manipur government to look into the matter|url=https://www.imphaltimes.com/news/tripura-meiteis-living-in-misery-want-manipur-government-to-look-into-the-matter/|access-date=28 September 2024|website=News from Manipur – Imphal Times|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Culture ==
{{Main|Meitei culture}}

=== Clothing ===
Innaphi ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯏꯟꯅꯐꯤ}}|}}) is a traditional Meitei cloth. A Meitei woman from Tripura{{efn|Simultaneously with another Meitei woman from [[Manipur]] for the same cause.}} achieved the National Handloom Award 2023, given by the [[Ministry of Textiles]], [[Government of India]], for her exceptional craftsmanship and dedication to the traditional art of handloom weaving Innaphi attires.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Irom|first=Bit|date=29 July 2024|title=Two Meitei women from Manipur and Tripura gets National Handloom Award|url=https://nenow.in/north-east-news/two-meitei-women-from-manipur-and-tripura-gets-national-handloom-award.html|access-date=28 September 2024|website=NORTHEAST NOW|language=en-US}}</ref>

Meitei women wear numerous traditional clothes such as Rani Phi ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯔꯥꯅꯤ ꯐꯤ}}|}}), [[Wangkhei phee|Wangkhei Phi]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯩ ꯐꯤ}}|}}), [[Moirang phee|Moirang Phi]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯃꯣꯏꯔꯥꯡ ꯐꯤ}}|}}), Phige ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯐꯤꯒꯦ}}|}}) and [[Phanek]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯐꯅꯦꯛ}}|}}). Meitei menfolk wear [[Khudei]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯈꯨꯗꯩ}}|}}).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Meeteis in Tripura longing to learn making of traditional attires : 21st aug19 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=10..210819.aug19|access-date=29 September 2024|website=e-pao.net}}</ref>

=== Festivals ===
{{Main|Meitei festivals}}
The [[Government of Tripura|Tripura Government]] recognised the Meitei festival of [[Umang Lai Haraoba]] ([[Lai Haraoba]] dedicated to the [[Umang Lai]]s) as one of their state festivals in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Press|first=Imphal Free|date=14 January 2015|title=Tripura govt lists Meitei Lai Haraoba as state holiday – KanglaOnline|url=https://kanglaonline.in/2015/01/tripura-govt-lists-meitei-lai-haraoba-as-state-holiday/|access-date=28 September 2024|language=en-US}}</ref> Some of its celebrations are helped by the [[Department of Information and Cultural Affairs]], [[Government of Tripura]], alongside the traditional Meitei religious institutions.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Arora|first=Sumit|date=3 January 2020|title='Lai Haraoba' ritualistic festival begins in Tripura|url=https://currentaffairs.adda247.com/lai-haraoba-ritualistic-festival-begins-in-tripura/|access-date=28 September 2024|website=adda247|language=en-IN}}</ref>

=== Monuments ===
==== Statue of Paona Brajabashi ====
In April 2019, [[Manipuri Literary and Cultural Forum|Manipuri Literary and Cultural Forum, Tripura]] and Paona Brajabashi Foundation Tripura, together opened a statue of [[Paona Brajabasi]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯄꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯖꯕꯥꯁꯤ}}|}}), a Meitei freedom fighter, to the public in Gouranagar, Tripura.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paona Brajabashi statue unveiled in Tripura: 24th apr19 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=14..240419.apr19|website=e-pao.net}}</ref>

==== Statue of Nupi Lan ====
In 2023, All Manipur United Clubs' Organisation (AMUCO) and [[Manipuri Literary and Cultural Forum|Manipuri Literary & Cultural Forum, Tripura]], collectively opened a statue of [[Nupi Lan]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯂꯥꯟ}}|}}) to the public at Gournagar in [[Khowai district]], Tripura.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nupilan statue unveiled at Gournagar|url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2023/5/1/By-Our-Staff-ReporterIMPHAL-Apr-30-All-Manipur-United-Clubs-Organisation-AMUCO-president-Ph.html|website=www.thesangaiexpress.com|language=en}}</ref>

=== Performing arts ===
[[File:RASH FESTIVAL.jpg|thumb|[[Manipuri dance]] performance in [[Agartala]], Tripura]]

[[Manipuri dance|Manipuri Raas Leela]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯖꯒꯣꯏ ꯔꯥꯁ}}|}}) is a big festival celebrated by the [[Meitei Hindus]] in Tripura.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Das |first=Pinaki |date=27 November 2023 |title=Manipuris in Tripura celebrate Maha Raas festival |url=https://northeastlivetv.com/topnews/manipuris-in-tripura-celebrate-maha-raas-festival/ |access-date=29 September 2024 |website=Northeast Live |language=en-US}}</ref> Wari Leeba ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯂꯤꯕ}}|}}) is a traditional Meitei [[narrative|storytelling]] art tradition. Its popularity is declining among the Meiteis of Tripura.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wari Leeba: The Declining Storytelling Tradition of the Meiteis of Manipur and Tripura – Journal of North East India Studies|url=https://www.jneis.com/7-1-3/|access-date=28 September 2024|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Wari Leeba: The Declining Storytelling Tradition of the Meiteis of Manipur and Tripura Journal of North East India Studies|url=https://www.academia.edu/33214736|journal=Academia|last1=Singha|first1=Sukla}}</ref>

=== Religions {{anchor|Religion}} ===
{{Main|Traditional Meitei religion|Meitei Hindus}}

Daughters of the Meitei kings of [[Manipur]], who became queens of Tripura, built numerous temples and established multiple cults of different deities in Tripura. Among the Hindu deities, the cults of [[Krishna]], [[Radha]], [[Madhava (Vishnu)|Madhav]], [[Govinda]], etc. were established.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Das|first=Pinaki|date=27 November 2023|title=Manipuris in Tripura celebrate Maha Raas festival|url=https://northeastlivetv.com/topnews/manipuris-in-tripura-celebrate-maha-raas-festival/|access-date=29 September 2024|website=Northeast Live|language=en-US}}</ref>
The pantheon of [[Meitei deities]] of [[traditional Meitei religion]] ([[Sanamahism]]) is also kept alive by the Meiteis in Tripura. Notably, the [[Lai Haraoba]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯂꯥꯏ ꯍꯔꯥꯎꯕ}}|}}) religious festival is annually celebrated in honour of numerous deities, especially God Puthiba ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯄꯨꯊꯤꯕ}}|}}).<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=18 January 2022|title=Tripura: 5-day Laining-thou Puthiba Lai Haraoba festival concludes|url=https://northeastlivetv.com/topnews/lai-haraoba-festival-concludes/|access-date=29 September 2024|website=Northeast Live|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title='Lai Haraoba' Festival begins in Tripura – GKToday|url=https://www.gktoday.in/lai-haraoba-festival-begins-in-tripura/|access-date=29 September 2024|website=www.gktoday.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=CM Biren offers prayers at Lainingthou Puthiba Temple, says will set up Manipur Bhawan in Tripura|url=https://www.ifp.co.in/manipur/cm-biren-offers-prayers-at-lainingthou-puthiba-temple-says-will-set-up-manipur-bhawan-in-tripura|access-date=29 September 2024|website=Imphal Free Press|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ibudhou Puthiba Haraoba festival underway in Tripura: 28th dec17 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=12..281217.dec17|access-date=29 September 2024|website=e-pao.net}}</ref>

== Groups ==
* [[Manipuri Literary and Cultural Forum|Manipuri Literary and Cultural Forum, Tripura]]

== Notable people ==
* [[:en:Manmohini Devi|Khuman Chanu Manmohini Devi]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯆꯅꯨ ꯃꯟꯃꯣꯍꯤꯅꯤ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ}}|}}), a Meitei queen of Tripura, wife of Tripuri King [[:en:Bir Chandra Manikya|Bir Chandra Manikya]], and also the first female [[selfie|self-photographer]] of India.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sharma|first=Kamayani|date=4 March 2024|title=A 19th-century Indian queen's photographic work has been obscured by history|url=https://scroll.in/magazine/1064619/a-19th-century-indian-queens-photographic-work-has-been-obscured-by-history|access-date=29 September 2024|website=Scroll.in|language=en}}</ref>
* Sorokhaibam Gambhini ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯁꯣꯔꯣꯛꯈꯥꯏꯕꯝ ꯒꯝꯚꯤꯅꯤ}}|}}), a Meitei poetess from Tripura, who won the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Irom|first=Bit|date=21 December 2023|title=Tripura's Sorokhaibam Gambhini bags Sahitya Akademi award for Manipuri literature|url=http://nenow.in/north-east-news/a-noted-female-poet-from-tripura-conferred-sahitya-akademi-award-2023-in-manipuri-literature.html|website=NORTHEAST NOW|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tripura poet wins Sahitya Akademi award for Manipuri composition|url=https://www.uniindia.com/tripura-poet-wins-sahitya-akademi-award-for-manipuri-composition/east/news/3111222.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sorokhaibam Gambhini to receive Sahitya Academy Award|url=https://www.ifp.co.in/books/sorokhaibam-gambhini-to-receive-sahitya-academy-award|website=Imphal Free Press|language=en}}</ref>
* Konjengbam Sarita Devi ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯦꯡꯕꯝ ꯁꯔꯤꯇꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ}}|}}), a Meitei writer who represented Tripura in the "All India Women Writers' Meet" organised by the [[Sahitya Akademi]], India's National Academy of Letters.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Manipuri writer Sarita Devi from Tripura takes part in All India Women Writers' meet: 10th mar19 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=16..100319.mar19|website=e-pao.net}}</ref>
* Nirmala Sinha ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯅꯤꯔꯃꯂꯥ ꯁꯤꯟꯍꯥ}}|}}), a Meitei woman from Barasurma village in Dhalai District, who was awarded the [[National Handicrafts Award|National Handloom Award]] 2023 by the [[Ministry of Textiles]], [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Irom|first=Bit|date=29 July 2024|title=Two Meitei women from Manipur and Tripura gets National Handloom Award|url=https://nenow.in/north-east-news/two-meitei-women-from-manipur-and-tripura-gets-national-handloom-award.html|access-date=28 September 2024|website=NORTHEAST NOW|language=en-US}}</ref>
* Khoisnam Birola ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯈꯣꯏꯁꯅꯥꯝ ꯕꯤꯔꯣꯂꯥ}}|}}), a Meitei poet from Agartala who was appointed a member of the Meitei Language Advisory Board, [[Sahitya Akademi]], New Delhi (2023–2027). She is the first Meitei woman to become a member from outside the state of Manipur.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2023/4/3/Our-CorrespondentTHOUBAL-Apr-2-Khoisnam-o-Birola-has-been-appointed-as-a-member-of-Manipuri-L.html |title=Khoisnam Birola appointed Manipuri Language Advisory Board member |date=3 April 2023 |website=[[The Sangai Express]]}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Meitei people in Assam]]
* [[Meitei people in Bangladesh]]
* [[Meitei people in Myanmar]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Meitei people]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Tripura]]

Patna Junction metro station

2026-03-24T05:38:54Z

MarkKapoor:

{{Short description|Metro station in Bihar, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox station
| name = [[File:Patna Metro.svg|50px]] Patna Junction
| type = {{Patna Metro Infobox station line|line = Red|line2=Blue}}
| style = Patna Metro
| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| address = Station Road, Near [[Mahavir Mandir]], [[Patna]]- 800001 Bihar
| coordinates = {{Coord|25|36|10|N|85|8|15|E|display=inline}}
| line = {{rcb|Patna Metro|Red|croute}} {{rcb|Patna Metro|Blue|croute}}
| structure = Underground
| platform =
| operator = [[Patna Metro]]
| depth =
| levels = 2 '''''(TBC)'''''
| tracks = 2 '''''(TBC)'''''
| connections = {{ric|Indian Railways}} {{stnlnk|Patna Junction}}
| parking = '''''(TBC)'''''
| bicycle =
| baggage_check =
| opened =
| opening = {{start date and age|June 2026|df=yes}} '''''(TBC)'''''
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| electrified = '''''(TBC)'''''
| accessible = '''''(TBC)'''''
| status = Under Construction
| code = '''''(TBC)'''''
| owned =
| architect =
| architectural_style =
| wifi =
| zone =
| smartcardname =
| smartcardstatus =
| former =
| passengers =
| pass_year =
| pass_rank =
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| mpassengers =
| services =
| route_map = {{Blue Line (Patna Metro)}} {{Red Line (Patna Metro)}}
| map_state = collapsed
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-marker = rail
| mapframe-marker-color =
| mapframe-zoom = 14
}}
'''Patna Junction''' is an upcoming underground interchange metro station between the Red Line and Blue Line of [[Patna Metro]] in [[Bihar]], India.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/patna-jn-khemnichak-to-be-interchange-metro-stns/articleshow/102518128.cms|title=Patna Jn & Khemnichak to be interchange metro stns|newspaper=The Times of India |date=7 April 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/mh-stadium-station-of-patna-metro-rail-project-taking-shape/articleshow/102332315.cms|title=MH Stadium station of Patna metro rail project taking shape|newspaper=The Times of India |date=2 August 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/fraser-road-closed-for-metro-rail-work-in-patna/articleshow/99506269.cms|title=Fraser Road closed for metro rail work in Patna|newspaper=The Times of India |date=15 April 2023 }}</ref> It will provide connectivity to [[Patna Junction railway station]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rumi |first=Faryal |date=7 August 2022 |title=Metro station near Patna Junction to be interchangeable |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/metro-station-near-patna-junction-to-be-interchangeable/articleshow/93401243.cms |access-date=2022-08-14 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of metro systems]]
{{Portal bar|Trains|Transport|Engineering}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Patna Metro}}
{{Patna-metro-stub}}
[[Category:Patna Metro stations]]
[[Category:Proposed railway stations in India]]

Central Tower, Chennai

2026-03-20T04:26:47Z

MarkKapoor: Adding New Page

{{Short description|Skyscraper in Chennai, India}}
{{Infobox building
| name = Central Tower, Chennai
| native_name =
| image =
| image_size = 250px
| caption =
| alternate_names =
| location = [[Poonamallee High Road]], [[Park Town, Chennai|Park Town]], [[India]]
| address = Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 003, India
| coordinates =
| highest_prev =
| highest_next =
| highest_start =
| highest_end =
| highest_region = [[Chennai]]
| highest_reflabel =
| construction_start_date = {{start date and age|2025}}
| completion_date = {{start date and age|2027}}
| inauguration_date = 
| building_type = Commercial offices<ref name="TH_ReadyBy2027">{{Cite news | last = Sekar | first = Sunitha | title =27-storey Central Tower at Chennai to be ready in 2027 | location = Chennai | date = 10 February 2026 | url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/27-storey-landmark-takes-shape-at-central-square-to-be-ready-in-2027/article70591679.ece | newspaper = [[The Hindu]] | access-date = 14 February 2026}}</ref>
| antenna_spire =
| roof = {{convert|119|m|abbr=on}}
| top_floor =
| floor_count = 27
| elevator_count =
| architectural_style = [[Modernism]] (RCC-framed construction)
| cost = {{INR}}3,500 [[million]]
| floor_area =
| architect = C.R. Narayana Rao
| structural_engineer =
| main_contractor =
| developer = [[Chennai Metro Rail Limited]]
| owner = [[Chennai Metro Rail Limited]]
| operator =
| references =
}}

'''Central Tower''' or '''Central Square Tower''' is a 27-storied building under construction in [[Chennai]], [[India]], to serve as the central commercial complex in the Central Square area in the [[Park Town, Chennai|Park Town]] neighbourhood.

==History==
Originally the tower was planned to be a 33-storey building, which was later scaled down to 27 stories.<ref>{{cite news
| last = Sekar
| first = Sunitha
| title = Chennai Metro Rail Limited plans to build 27-storey building at Central Square
| newspaper = The Hindu
| location = Chennai
| pages =
| language =
| publisher = Kasturi & Sons
| date = 27 September 2023
| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/chennai-metro-rail-limited-plans-to-build-27-storey-building-at-central-square/article67353246.ece
| access-date = 15 July 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
| last = Adnal
| first = Madhuri
| title = Chennai Central Square Plaza Gets Parking Boost With 27-Floor Building In CMRL Project
| newspaper = One India
| location = Chennai
| date = 19 February 2024
| url = https://www.oneindia.com/chennai/chennai-central-square-plaza-gets-parking-boost-with-27-floor-building-in-cmrl-project-3754529.html
| accessdate = 15 July 2024}}</ref> The foundation for the tower was laid in February 2025.<ref name="TNIE_WorkStarts">{{Cite web |date=15 February 2025 |title= Work starts for 27-floor tower at Central Square in Chennai|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2025/Feb/15/work-starts-for-27-floor-tower-at-central-square-in-chennai |access-date=21 September 2025 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

==Architecture==
Although the [[Indo-Saracenic]] style of architecture has not been adopted as such, the tower will be designed to incorporate elements of that style of architecture with a glass façade. With the tower surrounded by heritage buildings such as the [[Chennai Central Railway Station]], [[Victoria Public Hall]], and the [[Ripon Building]], the design is aimed to reflect the tone of those surrounding structures. With the bottom portion of the towers has been demarcated as a public space, Indo-Saracenic-style [[colonnade]]s have been used as part of the design from the ground till the fifth floor.<ref name="TH_ReadyBy2027"/> For the office space about the fifth floor, long columns and punched windows have been used for a [[Monumentalism|monumentality effect]]. The tower lacks a dome on the top for the reason that it will not be perceived at this height. To compensate this, the middle portion of the tower will be elevated to provide a crown effect.<ref name="TH_ReadyBy2027"/>

==Structure==
Spread over 14,280 square metres, the 119-metre-high tower will have a mix of retail, office and business spaces.<ref>{{cite news
| last = Sekar
| first = Sunitha
| author2=
| title = Chennai Metro Rail’s skyscraper inches closer to reality
| newspaper = The Hindu
| location = Chennai
| date = 17 December 2024
| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/skyscraper-in-chennai-inches-closer-to-reality/article68988540.ece
| accessdate = 22 November 2025}}</ref> The lower floors (ground to 4th) will have retail and commercial outlets, including a multiplex, while floors 5 to 24 will have office spaces. While the 25th floor will house service facilities, the top two floors will be premium business and commercial spaces, including a rooftop hotel spanning an area of 6,403 square meters.<ref name="TH_ReadyBy2027"/> The four basement levels will accommodate parking and other facilities.<ref name="TNIE_WorkStarts"/> The tower will have a multiplex, office spaces, retail outlets, and a rooftop hotel, with the basement connected to the [[Chennai Central metro station]] and with links to the [[Moore Market Complex railway station|Chennai Central Suburban]] and [[Park Town, Chennai|Park Town MRTS station]]s by means of on-ground walkways.<ref name="TH_ReadyBy2027"/>

The neighbourhood area contains predominantly [[Vertisol|black cotton soil]], a [[clay]]-rich soil considered to present challenges for building construction. The pile of the building has been laid as deep as 25 to 30 meters.<ref name="TH_ReadyBy2027"/>

==Parking==
The building will have a huge underground parking space measuring 24,154 square meters capable of accommodating 586 cars and 1,652 two-wheelers.<ref name="TH_ReadyBy2027"/>

==See also==
{{Portal|India|Architecture}}
* [[List of tallest buildings in Chennai]]
* [[Architecture of Chennai]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Chennai Topics}}

[[Category:Office highrises in Chennai]]

University School of Biotechnology

2026-03-18T20:05:05Z

MarkKapoor:

{{short description|College in New Delhi, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox university
| name = University School of Biotechnology (USBT)
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| established = {{start date and age|1999}}
| type = [[Public university]]
| affiliations = [[Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University]]
| dean = Dr. Promila Gupta
| faculty = 11+
| students = 280+
| undergrad = 200+
| postgrad = 50+
| doctoral = 15+
| city = [[New Delhi]]
| state = [[Delhi]]
| country = [[India]]
| campus = Urban
| campus_size = {{Convert|78|acre}}
| website = {{url|ipu.ac.in/usbt/usbthome.htm}}
| logo =
}}

'''University School of Biotechnology''' ('''USBT''')<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University |url=http://www.ipu.ac.in/ |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=www.ipu.ac.in |archive-date=24 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110224200719/http://ipu.ac.in/ |url-status=live }}</ref> is a constituent institute of [[Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University]]. The school offers a full-time [[Bachelor of Technology]], [[Master of Engineering]], as well as [[PhD]] programs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.delhieducation.net/Universities/GGSIPU/Schools-Centers.aspx|title = Delhi Education, Education in Delhi, Schools in Delhi, Colleges in Delhi, Delhi University – DelhiEducation.net}}</ref>

==History==
{{Expand section|date=December 2022|small=no}}

Founded in 1999, University School of Biotechnology (USBT) was established by [[Government of Delhi]] as one of twelve University Schools of Studies under the [[Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University]]. The school has recently transferred to [[Dwarka Sub City|Dwarka]] Campus of the university. The University School of Biotechnology is ranked third all over India after [[National Dairy Research Institute]] of Karnal and Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, [[Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi|IIT Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://gov.ua.nic.in/biotech/college_list.htm |title=Top 20 Ranking of Institutes of India Offering at the undergraduate and |access-date=2011-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110301052302/http://gov.ua.nic.in/biotech/college_list.htm |archive-date=2011-03-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Programs offered==
USBT began with a five and half year integrated course of BTech/MTech with eleven semesters and PhD program. But from the academic session 2004-2005 onwards, the MTech program has been delinked from the BTech program and the two program are being offered under dual degree program – BTech/MTech dual degree course and separate MTech program in different fields of biotechnology. As with other major institutes of India, the merit-based All India Common Entrance Test of GGSIPU entranced exam is used for admissions to USBT. Students that have taken courses in [[physics]], [[chemistry]], [[mathematics]], [[biology]], or [[biotechnology]] during [[Secondary school|senior school]] are eligible for the entrance exam. An overwhelming demand for biotechnology professionals led to an increase in seats from 30 to 45 in the academic session of 2006-2007 and further in 2009-2010. In the academic session of 2021-2022, seats were further increased from 45 to 53. Now as of 2024 UG seats for BTech (Biotechnology) increases to 80 seats.

USBT offers following programs:-
*B.Tech (Biotechnology) - 4 Years UG
*M.Tech (Biotechnology) - 2 Years PG
*M.Tech (Industrial biotechnology) - 2 Years PG
*M.Tech (Food biotechnology) - 2 Years PG
*PhD– Minimum 2 years

==See also==
*[[Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University]]
*[[Education in Delhi]]
*[[Mahesh Verma]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|28.5943|77.0202|type:edu_region:IN-DL|display=title}}

{{Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Biotechnology organizations]]
[[Category:Constituent schools of Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1999]]
[[Category:Engineering colleges in Delhi]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1999]]
[[Category:1999 establishments in Delhi]]

MG Bus Station metro station

2026-03-17T15:54:36Z

MarkKapoor:

{{Short description|Metro station in Hyderabad, India}}
{{for|the bus stand in same city|Mahatma Gandhi bus station, Hyderabad}}
{{About|the Hyderabad Metro station|other metro stations with the same name|Mahatma Gandhi Road metro station (disambiguation){{!}}Mahatma Gandhi Road metro station}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox station
| name = MG Bus Station
| symbol = m
| symbol_location = hyderabad
| type = {{Hyderabad Metro Infobox station line|line = Red|line2 = Green}}
| style = Hyderabad Metro
| image = Mgbsmetrobus.jpg
| address = Imlibun, Gowliguda North, Mahatma Gandhi bus station, Hyderabad
| coordinates = {{coord|17.378055|N|78.480005|E|display=inline,title}}
| line = {{rcb|Hyderabad Metro|r|croute}} {{rcb|Hyderabad Metro|g|croute}}
| other = {{rint|bus}} [[Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station]]
| structure = Elevated
| platforms = 4
| depth = 7.07 meters
| levels = 2
| tracks = 4
| parking = Available (not available in some areas)
| bicycle =
| opened = {{Start date and age|df=y|2018|9|24}}
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| electrified =
| accessible =
| code =
| owned =
| zone =
| smartcardname =
| smartcardstatus =
| former =
| passengers =
| pass_year =
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| mpassengers =
| services = {{adjacent stations
| system = Hyderabad Metro
| line1 = Red | left1 = Osmania Medical College |right1= Malakpet
| line2 = Green | left2 = Sultan Bazaar |right2 = Salarjung Museum
}}
| map_locator =
}}

'''MG Bus Station (MGBS)''' metro station is an interchange metro station between [[Red Line (Hyderabad Metro)|Red Line]] and [[Green Line (Hyderabad Metro)|Green Line]] of the [[Hyderabad Metro]] in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://telanganatoday.com/countdown-begins-for-hyderabad-metro-line-launch|title=Countdown begins for Hyderabad Metro line launch|last=Kumar|first=S. Sandeep|date=22 September 2018|website=[[Telangana Today]]|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-10-13}}</ref> The MG Bus Station Inter-change Metro Station has become one of the largest metro station in Asia,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/mgbs-station-to-be-one-of-the-biggest-metro-stations-in-asia/articleshow/65927341.cms|title=MGBS station to be one of the biggest Metro stations in Asia|website=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref> with a sprawling premises over {{convert|280000|sqft}}.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/one-of-asias-biggest-metro-stations-in-the-making/article24904862.ece|title=One of Asia's biggest metro stations in the making|last=Geetanath|first=V.|date=2018-09-08|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-10-13|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==History==
It was opened on 24 September 2018.

==Facilities==
It is even bigger than [[Ameerpet metro station]]. The commuters can switch between the LB Nagar–Miyapur and JBS–Falaknuma stretches of [[Hyderabad Metro]] Rail.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/210918/hyderabad-work-still-under-way-as-d-day-nears.html|title=Hyderabad: Work still under way as D-Day nears}}</ref> MG Bus Station metro station is spread over a length of 140 metres and a width of 45 metres. The Corridor-I (Miyapur–L B Nagar) station is at the first and second floors, the Corridor-II (JBS–Falaknuma) station is in the upper, third and fourth floors.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* https://www.ltmetro.com/metro_stations/mg-bus-station/
{{Hyderabad Metro|red line=yes|green line=yes}}

[[Category:Hyderabad Metro stations]]
[[Category:2018 establishments in Telangana]]
[[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 2018]]

{{Telangana-railstation-stub}}

Kid Boxer

2026-03-14T21:53:45Z

MarkKapoor: put up the info w/ infobox

{{short description|Indian singer and writer (1917–1991)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Kid Boxer
| image = Portrait of Kid Boxer.jpg
| caption = The only surviving portrait of Pereira
| birth_name = Caetano Manuel Pereira
| other_names = Boxer
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1917|2|17|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Siolim]], [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]]
| notable_works = ''[[Amchem Noxib]]'' (1963)
| death_place = [[Bombay, Maharashtra]] (now Mumbai), India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1991|3|3|1917|2|17|df=y}}
| occupation = {{hlist|Singer|writer|[[theatre director]]|lyricist|comedian}}
| years_active = 1940–{{circa|1991}}
}}

'''Caetano Manuel Pereira''' (17 February 1917 – 3 March 1991), known professionally as '''Kid Boxer''', was an Indian singer, writer, director, comedian, and [[lyricist]] who worked on the [[Tiatr|Konkani stage]]. He is best known for being the member of the popular Kid-Young-Rod [[Trio (music)|trio]].

==Early life==
Caetano Manuel Pereira was born on 17 February 1917, in [[Siolim]], [[Goa]], a region that was part of [[Portuguese India]] during the era of the [[Portuguese Empire]]. At a young age of 8, Pereira relocated to [[Bombay]] (now Mumbai) with his father. During his time in Bombay, he acquired a command of the English language through interactions with older individuals, while also developing his proficiency in [[Konkani language|Konkani]], due to his avid readership of the [[literary work]] ''[[Dor Mhoineachi Rotti]]''. Pereira's journey into the world of theater began with apprenticeships in smaller productions. In 1940, he made his debut in the commercial ''[[tiatr]]'' genre, with his performance in [[Ernest Rebello]]'s production, ''Bomboich Istil''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=N. T. |date=2017-07-30 |title=Remembering veteran tiatr artiste: Kid Boxer – The Navhind Times |url=https://www.navhindtimes.in/2017/07/30/magazines/buzz/remembering-veteran-tiatr-artiste-kid-boxer/ |access-date=2023-11-25 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125124424/https://www.navhindtimes.in/2017/07/30/magazines/buzz/remembering-veteran-tiatr-artiste-kid-boxer/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Career==
Pereira made his first foray into the world of ''[[tiatr]]'', with his debut production called ''Ostori'' (Woman). However, it was his subsequent work titled ''Kidachem Sopon'' (Kid's Dream) that garnered popularity. Pereira's [[repertoire]] encompassed a diverse range of ''[[tiatrs]]'', including ''Editor Ponch de Bombaim'', ''Amchi Bhett'' (Our Offering), ''Amcho Ganv'' (Our Village), ''Bhattam Bensam'', ''Avoichim Dukham'' (Mother's Tears), ''Ankvar ani Kazari'' (Bachelor and Married), ''Zata tem Boreak'' (It Happens For Good), ''Bhoinn'' (Sister), ''Militar'' (Military), ''Zulum'' (Injustice), ''Amchim Natalam'' (Our Christmas), ''Goa'', ''Mhoji Maim'' (My Mother), ''Lojechem Kopel'', ''Mog Antticho'', ''Mumboiche Gõykar'' (Goans Of Mumbai), ''Bankruttan Bankrutt'', ''Budhvont Put Ganvcho'' (The Cunning Son of the Village), ''Fuddar'' (Future), ''Mhozo Oprad'', ''Adeus vo Nimnni Bhett'' (Goodbye, this is the final offering), and ''Somzonnent Chuk Zali''.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

The latter work, published by the [[Goa Konkani Akademi]], delved into the complexities of the human psyche and explored the detrimental effects of prejudice, leading to grave misunderstandings. This particular play demonstrated Pereira's ability to artfully blend elements of seriousness and humor without resorting to [[melodrama]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Fernandes |first=André Rafael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vKAbygAACAAJ |title=When the Curtains Rise--: Understanding Goa's Vibrant Konkani Theatre |date= |publisher=Tiatr Academy of Goa |isbn=978-93-80739-01-4 |language=en |access-date=2023-11-25 |archive-date=2023-11-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126045216/https://books.google.com/books?id=vKAbygAACAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref> Towards the end of his career, Pereira presented his final show in [[Goa]] entitled ''Bapul Bhau'' (Cousin Brother). Additionally, he took on the role of director for several ''tiatrs'' by [[Minguel Rod]], including ''Bapul Bhau'', ''Gorib Xezari'' (Poor Neighbour), and ''Ghorchem Kestaum'' (Family Feud). During his artistic journey, Pereira had a cameo in the well-received [[Konkani cinema|Konkani film]] ''[[Amchem Noxib]]''.<ref name=":0" />

==Personal life==
Pereira was known for his early advocacy of individual rights, showcasing determination from a young age. He opposed various forms of injustice, including those directed at women, the entrenched [[Caste system in Goa|caste system]], and governmental policies.<ref name=":3" />

In the earlier stages of his life, Pereira's mischievous [[demeanor]] led to him being given the [[moniker]] "Boxer," a nickname which later served as the inspiration for his chosen [[stage name]], Kid Boxer. André Rafael Fernandes writes in his book "''When the Curtains Rise...Understanding Goa's Vibrant Konkani Theatre''," Pereira formed a [[Trio (music)|trio]] called the Kid-Young-Rod, which gained recognition for their singing abilities in the realm of ''[[tiatrs]]''.<ref name=":1" />

Fernandes further explains that, Pereira's expertise was in creating [[satirical]] songs infused with [[proverbs]]. Additionally, he excelled at crafting quick-witted responses during musical debates, particularly when pitted against [[Aleixinho De Candolim]].<ref name=":1" /> Pereira died in [[Bombay]], aged 74.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K-1PAQAAIAAJ&q=3rd+March+1991+Kid+Boxer |title=100 Years of Konkani Tiatro |date=2000 |publisher=Government of Goa, Directorate of Art & Culture |language=en |access-date=2023-11-25 |archive-date=2023-11-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126045321/https://books.google.com/books?id=K-1PAQAAIAAJ&q=3rd+March+1991+Kid+Boxer |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Notes
!Ref
|-
|1963
|''[[Amchem Noxib]]''
|
|Supporting character
|<ref name=":0" />
|}

==Selected stage works==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Notes
!Ref
|-
|1940
|''Bomboich Istil''
|
|Professional debut
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|
|''Ostori''
| Writer/director
|Debut as writer/director
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|
|''Kid-achem Sopon''
|Writer/director
|
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
||{{circa|1967}}
|''Somzonnent Chuk Zali''
|Writer
|
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=N. T. |date=2017-08-06 |title=Somzonnent Chuk Zali – The Navhind Times |url=https://www.navhindtimes.in/2017/08/06/magazines/buzz/somzonnent-chuk-zali/ |access-date=2023-11-27 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|
|''Amchim Natalam''
|Writer/director
|
|rowspan="11"|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|
|''Editor Ponch de Bombaim''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Amcho Ganv''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Ankvar ani Kazari''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Zata tem Boreak''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Bhoinn''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Militar''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Zulum''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Mhoji Maim''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Goa''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Bankruttan Bankrutt''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Amchi Bhett''
|
|
|rowspan="7"|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|
|''Bhattam Bensam''
|
|
|-
|
|''Avoichim Dukham''
|
|
|-
|
|''Lojechem Kopel''
|
|
|-
|
|''Mog Antticho''
|
|
|-
|
|''Mumboiche Gõykar''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Budhvont Put Ganvcho''
|
|
|-
|
|''Fuddar''
|Director
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=A voice that is eternal |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Voice-Of-Tiatr/A-voice-that-is-eternal/114352 |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=oHeraldo |date=31 August 2022 |archive-date=2024-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107065533/https://www.heraldgoa.in/Voice-Of-Tiatr/A-voice-that-is-eternal/114352 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|
|''Adeus vo Nimnni Bhett''
|Writer/director
|
|rowspan="2"|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|
|''Mhozo Oprad''
|Writer/director
|
|-
|
|''Gorib Xezari''
|Director
|
|rowspan="3"|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|
|''Ghorchem Kestaum''
|Director
|
|-
|
|''Bapul Bhau''
|Director
|Final production
|}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book |last=Mazarello |first=Wilson |author-link=Wilson Mazarello|year=2000 |title=100 Years of Konkani Tiatro |location=Goa, India |publisher=Government of Goa, Directorate of Art & Culture |pages=96–99 |oclc=71174491}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kid Boxer}}
[[Category:1917 births]]
[[Category:1991 deaths]]
[[Category:Tiatrists]]
[[Category:Indian male singers]]
[[Category:Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Musicians from North Goa district]]
[[Category:Writers from North Goa district]]

Siege of Nagpur

2026-03-12T19:35:25Z

MarkKapoor: done

{{Short description|1637 historical event}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Siege of Nagpur
| partof =
| date = 16 January 1637
| place = [[Nagpur]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pradesh (India) |first1=Madhya |title=Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Narsimhapur |date=1995 |publisher=Government Central Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zbs3AQAAIAAJ&q=Kok+Shah |language=en}}</ref>
| territory =
| result = Mughal victory
| status =
| combatant1 = [[Gonds of Deogarh|Kingdom of Deogarh]]
| combatant2 = [[File:Flag of the Mughal Empire.svg|25px]] [[Mughal Empire]]
| commander1 = * [[Gonds of Deogarh|Kok Shah]]
| commander2 = * [[Khwaja Sabir|Khan-i-Dauran]]
* Jai Singh
*[[Kingdom of Chanda|Krishna Shah of Chanda]]
* Sipahdar Khan
| strength1 =
| strength2 =
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
| notes =
}}

The '''siege of Nagpur''' was laid by [[Khwaja Sabir|Khan-i-Dauran]], a high-ranking [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] official to the fort of [[Nagpur]], ruled by the [[Gonds of Deogarh|Gond king of Deogarh]], Kok Shah.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sane |first1=Hemant |title=BATTLES OF NAGPUR 1817.docx |url=https://www.academia.edu/36442873}}</ref><ref name= "academia deogarh"/>

==Background==
In January 1637, [[Khwaja Sabir|Khan-i-Dauran]], a ''sardar'' of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Shah Jahan]] was dispatched to demand payment of tribute from [[Gonds of Deogarh|Kok Shah]], who had defaulted on the annual payment of tribute to the Mughals.
One of the reasons could also be that [[Jhujhar Singh]], the rebellious [[Orchha state|raja of Orchha]] was allowed to pass through Deogarh territory unharmed. They were joined by [[Kingdom of Chanda|Krishna Shah of Chanda]], who had an enmity with the Deogarh kings since the reign of [[Ajanbahu Jatbasha|Jatba]].<ref name= "academia deogarh"/><ref name="vidarbha">{{cite book |last1=Deogaonkar |first1=Shashishekhar Gopal |title=The Gonds of Vidarbha |year=2007 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-8069-474-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X39c2VODLT0C&pg=PA16 |language=en}}</ref>

==Conflict==
[[Khwaja Sabir|Khan-i-Dauran]] headed towards the frontiers of Deogarh and captured the forts of [[Udgir]] and Ausa in 1636. Then he went to meet the Emperor [[Shah Jahan]] and presented him with the captured loot. He was ordered to attack Kok Shah of Deogarh. He marched into the Gond country by crossing the [[Wardha River|river Wardha]]. First he seized the fortresses of [[Ashti, Wardha|Ashti]] and Kutaljhar (Keljhar)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sharma |first1=R. K. |last2=Tiwari |first2=Shiv Kumar |title=Tribal History of Central India |date=2002 |publisher=Aryan Books International |isbn=978-81-7305-228-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E_iAAAAAMAAJ&q=Kok+Shah |language=en}}</ref> from Gond sardars, and then besieged [[Nagpur]], a stronghold of Kok Shah. He was assisted by Jai Singh and Sipahdar Khan. [[Kingdom of Chanda|Krishna Shah of Chanda]] joined him and also paid him rupees 70000.<ref name="vidarbha"/> Khan Dauran sent his ''vakil'' (lawyer) Kanak Singh to Deogarh and demanded Kok Shah to surrender and pay tribute. Kok Shah delayed, thinking his Nagpur fort was strong enough to be impregnable, showing no regard for Khan-i-Dauran's proposal.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pradesh (India) |first1=Madhya |title=Madhya Pradesh: Chhindwara |date=1995 |publisher=Government Central Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6C9uAAAAMAAJ&q=Kok+Shah |language=en}}</ref><ref name="district">{{cite book |last1=Pradesh (India) |first1=Madhya |last2=Krishnan |first2=V. S. |title=Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Chhindwara |year=1995 |publisher=Government Central Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xSELAQAAIAAJ&q=Kok+Shah |language=en}}</ref>

Three teams of sappers from [[Khwaja Sabir|Khan Dauran]], Jai Singh and Sipahdar Khan were employed to prepare three mines under the walls of the fort. Darvesh Pahalwan was given the task of filling the moat around the fort which was about 20 feet wide. Three mines were fired. Jai Singh's mine could not bring down bastion but other two mines destroyed two bastions and parts of the wall. Jai Singh, Sipahdar Khan and Darvesh Pahalwan led the charge and entered the fort. The assault was successful and the [[kiladar]] (castellan) Deoji was taken prisoner.<ref name= "academia deogarh">{{cite book |last1=Sane |first1=Hemant |title=DEOGARH-NAGPUR GOND DYNASTY.docx |url=https://www.academia.edu/38055455}}</ref>

==Peace and aftermath==
Kok Shah now arrived from his capital at Deogarh and submitted to [[Khwaja Sabir|Khan Dauran]] on 16 January 1637. He made peace by presenting one and a half lakhs of rupees in cash and 170 elephants. The annual tribute was fixed (increased?) one and one third lakhs of rupees. He accepted the suzerainty of the Mughals and [[Nagpur]] was restored to him. This is the first invasion of Nagpur recorded in detail. The victorious Khan-i-Dauran returned to the Emperor, with 8 lakhs of rupees levied from the Gond chiefs and others, and was extolled and given the high title of Nusrat Jang or "Victorious in War".<ref name= "academia deogarh" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{ci|date=June 2022}}

[[Category:History of Nagpur]]
[[Category:Sieges involving the Mughal Empire|Nagpur]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1637]]
[[Category:1637 in Asia]]
[[Category:1630s in the Mughal Empire]]

Sadhu Kokila

2026-03-11T20:28:08Z

MarkKapoor: updated details

{{short description|Indian actor and composer (born 1966)}}
{{BLP sources|date=November 2014}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sadhu Kokila
| image = Sadhu Kokila.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_name = Sahaya Sheelan Shadrach<ref name="AS"/>
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1966|3|24|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Bangalore, Karnataka]], India
| occupation = {{hlist|Musician|actor|film director|singer|producer}}
| othername =
| years active = 1992–present
| spouse = Saleena
| children = 2
| website = {{url|www.sadhukokila.yolasite.com}}
}}

'''Sahaya Sheelan Shadrach''' (born 24 March 1966), known by his stage name '''Sadhu Kokila''', is an Indian comedian, musician, actor, film director, producer, occasional screenwriter and lyricist who works in [[Cinema of Karnataka|Kannada cinema]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=zeekannadatv.com |url=http://www.zeekannadatv.com/shows/weekend-with-ramesh-season2/video/weekend-with-ramesh-season-2-episode-13-february-6-2016-full-episode.html |access-date=2024-12-22 |website=www.zeekannadatv.com}}</ref> He began his career as a composer before taking to acting in films, appearing mostly in comic roles. He has directed ten [[Kannada cinema|Kannada films]], the most notable one being ''[[Raktha Kanneeru]]'' (2003).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kannada |first=TV9 |date=2023-02-16 |title=ಸಾಧು ಹೆಸರಿನ ಜೊತೆ ಕೋಕಿಲ ಅಂತ ಸೇರಿಸಿದ್ದು ಕನ್ನಡದ ಈ ಸ್ಟಾರ್ ಹೀರೋ |url=https://tv9kannada.com/entertainment/sandalwood/upendra-gave-kokila-name-to-sadhu-while-shooting-shhh-movie-rmd-au34-521072.html |access-date=2023-03-07 |website=TV9 Kannada |language=kn}}</ref>

As a composer, he is a two-time recipient of the [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Music Director]], for ''[[Rakshasa (2005 film)|Rakshasa]]'' (2005) and ''[[Inthi Ninna Preethiya]]'' (2008). As an actor, he has received multiple nominations and awards in the category of Best Comedian in the [[South Indian International Movie Awards|SIIMA Awards]].

==Early life and career==
Sadhu Kokila was born as Sahaya Sheelan on 24 March 1966 into a [[Nadar (caste)|Nadar]] Christian family of Natesh and Mangala in [[Bangalore]] in the Indian [[Mysore State|State of Mysore]] (now [[Karnataka]]).<ref name="sk1">{{cite video |url=http://www.zeekannadatv.com/shows/weekend-with-ramesh-season2/video/weekend-with-ramesh-season-2-episode-13-february-6-2016-full-episode.html |title=Weekend with Ramesh Season 2 - Episode 13 - February 06, 2016 - Full Episode |access-date=16 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160210020128/http://www.zeekannadatv.com/shows/weekend-with-ramesh-season2/video/weekend-with-ramesh-season-2-episode-13-february-6-2016-full-episode.html |archive-date=10 February 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> He was born to a family of musicians; his father was a [[violin]]ist in the music band of Karnataka Police Department, while his mother and sister were [[playback singer]]s. Sadhu Kokila's brother Layendra is also an actor. Kokila studied in St. Joseph's Indian High School, [[Bangalore]]. He was given the stage name Sadhu Kokila by [[Upendra (actor)|Upendra]], the director of Sheelan's debut film ''[[Shhh! (film)|Shhh!]]''.<ref name="AS"/>

Kokila began his career as a musician after he was taken to musician Kasturi Shankar by his brother.

==Personal life==
Kokila married Saleena in 1993. They have two children.<ref name="AS">{{cite AV media | people=Kokila, Sadhu | date=28 October 2014 | title=Sadhu Kokila - Event - 10.4.13 | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=srSuAFyseNs | location=India | publisher=Suvarna | access-date=1 December 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160618040739/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=srSuAFyseNs | archive-date=18 June 2016 | url-status=live }}</ref>

==Filmography==
{{Pending films key}}

===As actor===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Film !! Role !! Notes
|-
|rowspan="1"|1993||''[[Shhh! (film)|Shhh!]]'' || "Kung Fu" Kannan || Cameo appearance
|-
|rowspan="1"|1995 ||''[[Om (1995 film)|Om]]'' || Shankar ||
|-
|rowspan="1"|1997||''[[O Mallige]]''|| Mustafa||
|-
|rowspan="3"|1998 ||''Sorry''|| ||
|-
|''[[Hello Yama]]''||Chitragupta||
|-
|''[[Yamalokadalli Veerappan]]'' || ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|1999||''Tarikere Erimele'' || ||
|-
|''Bombat Halva''|| ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2000||''Kiladi''|| ||
|-
|''[[Ekangi]]'' || Thief ||
|-
| rowspan="3" |2001||''[[Vaalee (2001 film)|Vaalee]]'' || Vicky ||
|-
|''[[Raa (film)|Raa]]''|| 'Triple X' Ranjith Kumar, Sridhar's friend ||Telugu film; dual role
|-
|''[[Jipuna Nanna Ganda]]''|| Vikram ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2002||''[[Chandu (2002 film)|Chandu]]''|| Thimma ||
|-
|''[[Nagarahavu (2002 film)|Nagarahavu]]''|| Vishwanath Sharma ||
|-
| rowspan="6" |2003||''[[Laali Haadu]]'' || Thippeswamy ||
|-
|''[[Neenandre Ishta]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Raktha Kanneeru]]'' || Kantha's uncle || Also director
|-
|''[[Mani (film)|Mani]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Thayi Illada Thabbali]]''
|
|
|-
| ''[[Mane Magalu]]''
|
|
|-
|rowspan="7"|2004||''[[Rowdy Aliya]]'' || [[Superintendent of police (India)|SP]] Jayasimha ||
|-
|''Saagari''|| ||
|-
|''[[Y2K (2004 film)|Y2K]]''||
|-
|''Mellusire Savigaana'' || ||
|-
|''[[Ramakrishna (2004 Kannada film)|Rama Krishna]]'' || Ranganna||
|-
|''[[Maurya (film)|Maurya]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Kalasipalya (film)|Kalasipalya]]'' || Jacky ||
|-
|rowspan="6"|2005||''Kanchanaganga'' || ||
|-
|''[[Anna Thangi (2005 film)|Anna Thangi]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Gowramma]]''|| Photographer ||
|-
|''[[Rakshasa (2005 film)|Rakshasa]]'' || || Also director
|-
|''[[Nammanna]]''|| Journalist ||
|-
|''[[Sakha Sakhi]]''|| ||
|-
|rowspan="5"|2006||''[[Mandya (film)|Mandya]]'' || Subramanya||
|-
|''[[Hubballi (film)|Hubballi]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Aishwarya (film)|Aishwarya]]'' || SP Menshina Koy ||
|-
|''[[Suntaragaali]]'' || "Machine" Raja "MBBS" || Also director
|-
|''[[Mata (2006 film)|Mata]]''|| Film Director||
|-
| rowspan="5" |2007|| ''[[Parodi (film)|Parodi]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Sixer (2007 film)|Sixer]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Anatharu]]''|| Film director || Also director, screenwriter and composer
|-
|''[[Amrutha Vaani]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Snehana Preethina]]''|| ||
|-
|rowspan="6"|2008||''[[Meravanige]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Mast Maja Maadi]]'' || Bond DK ||
|-
|''[[Kaamannana Makkalu]]'' || Huliraya ||
|-
|''PUC''|| ||
|-
|''[[Nee Tata Naa Birla]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Sangama (film)|Sangama]]''|| ||
|-
|rowspan="10"|2009||''[[Lift Kodla]]''|| Bogananda Swamy ||
|-
|''[[Devaru Kotta Thangi (2009 film)|Devaru Kotta Thangi]]''|| ||
|-
|''Tabbali''|| ||
|-
|''[[Dubai Babu]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Raam (2009 film)|Raam]]''|| Santosh||
|-
|''[[Vayuputra]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Savaari (2009 film)|Savaari]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Male Barali Manju Irali]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Devru]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Rajani (film)|Rajani]]''|| ||
|-
|rowspan="18"|2010||''[[Porki]]'' || Sadhu ||
|-
|''[[Preethiya Theru]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Deadly-2]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Prithvi (2010 film)|Prithvi]]''|| Tirupathi ||
|-
|''[[Kari Chirathe]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Shourya (2010 film)|Shourya]]''|| Jimson ||
|-
|''[[Mr. Theertha]]''|| || Also director
|-
|''[[Hoo (film)|Hoo]]''|| ||
|-
| ''[[Aithalakkadi]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Hendtheer Darbar]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Zamana (2010 film)|Zamana]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Aithalakkadi]]''|| ||
|-
|''Veera''|| ||
|-
|''[[Ullasa Utsaha]]''|| ||
|-
|''Jothegara''|| ||
|-
|''O Manase''|| ||
|-
|''Hara''|| ||
|-
|''[[Super (2010 Indian film)|Super]]'' || Chaddi brother ||
|-
|rowspan="5"|2011|| ''[[Olave Mandara]]'' || Kannadiga in Gara ||
|-
|''[[Johny Mera Naam Preethi Mera Kaam]]'' || Dr. Halappa ||
|-
| ''[[Manasology (film)|Manasology]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Aata (2011 film)|Aata]]''|| Football coach ||
|-
| ''[[Achchu Mechchu]]'' || ||
|-
|rowspan="10"| 2012 || ''[[Ko Ko]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Toofan (2012 film)|Toofan]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Romeo (2012 film)|Romeo]]''|| Pandu ||
|-
|''[[Jaanu (2012 film)|Jaanu]]''|| ||
|-
|''Anarkali''|| ||
|-
|''[[Mr. 420 (2012 film)|Mr. 420]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Lucky (2012 Kannada film)|Lucky]]'' || Sadhu ||
|-
|''[[Snehitaru]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Gokula Krishna]]''|| ||
|-
|''[[Yaare Koogadali]]''|| Shishupala || SIIMA Award for Best Comedian (Kannada)
|-
|rowspan="19"| 2013 || ''[[Victory (2013 film)|Victory]]'' || Sadhu Gowda
|
|-
| ''[[Bhajarangi]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Dilwala]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Googly (2013 film)|Googly]]'' || Musthafa || Nominated, SIIMA Award for Best Comedian
|-
| ''[[Sweety Nanna Jodi]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Loosegalu]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Auto Raja (2013 film)|Auto Raja]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Myna (film)|Myna]]'' || Beggar in train ||
|-
| ''[[Chandra (film)|Chandra]]'' || Andy Roberts || Bilingual film (Kannada, Tamil)
|-
| ''[[Ninnindale]]'' || Lucky ||
|-
| ''[[Election (2013 film)|Election]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Bachchan (2013 film)|Bachchan]]'' || Jewellery store staff ||
|-
|''[[Aane Pataaki]]'' || Chinnadappa ||
|-
|''[[Madarangi]]'' || ||
|-
| ''Devarane'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Bangari (2013 film)|Bangari]]''|| ||
|-
| ''[[Khatarnak (2013 film)|Khatarnak]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Chaddi Dosth]]'' || Khadim ||
|-
| ''[[Shravani Subramanya]]'' || Govinda ||
|-
|rowspan="10"| 2014 || ''[[Maanikya]]'' || Veeraprathapa Simha ||
|-
|''[[Mr. and Mrs. Ramachari]]''|| Manche Gowda || IIFA Award for Best Comedian (Kannada) Nominated, SIIMA Award for Best Comedian (Kannada)
|-
| ''[[Chandralekha (2014 film)|Chandralekha]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Brahma (2014 film)|Brahma]]'' || Sadhu ||
|-
| ''[[Gajakesari]]'' || Chuncha ||
|-
| ''[[Drishya]]'' || restaurant customer || Cameo appearance
|-
| ''[[Love Is Poison]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Power (2014 Kannada film)|Power]]'' || Kidney Kamangi ||
|-
| ''[[Savaari 2]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Tirupathi Express]]'' || Indrajala ||
|-
|rowspan="6"| 2015|| ''[[Ond Chance Kodi]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Mythri (2015 film)|Mythri]]''|| ||
|-
| ''[[Ranna (film)|Ranna]]'' || Bhaskar ||
|-
| ''[[Aatagara]]'' || Sadhu Maharaj ||
|-
|'' [[1st Rank Raju (2015 film)|1st Rank Raju]]'' || Shani Kapoor ||
|-
|''[[Mr. Airavata]]'' || Bahubali||
|-
| rowspan="22"|2016 || ''[[Kathe Chitrakathe Nirdeshana Puttanna]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Maduveya Mamatheya Kareyole]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Mast Mohabbat]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Viraat (film)|Viraat]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Shivalinga (2016 film)|Shivalinga]]'' || Bill Gates ||
|-
|''[[Bhale Jodi (2016 film)|Bhale Jodi]]'' || Gautham (drunkard software engineer) || Also director, composer
|-
|''[[U the End A]]'' || ||
|-
|''Supari Surya'' || ||
|-
|''[[Jai Maruthi 800]]'' || Kalberke||
|-
|''[[Chakravyuha (2016 film)|Chakravyuha]]'' || Sadhu ||
|-
|''[[Style King]]'' || Sadhu ||
|-
|''Brahma Vishnu Maheshwara'' || ||
|-
|''[[Jaggu Dada]]'' || Sorcerer ||
|-
|''[[Jigarthanda (2016 film)|Jigarthanda]]'' || Acting teacher ||
|-
|''[[Lakshmana (film)|Lakshmana]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Zoom (2016 Kannada film)|Zoom]]'' || M. Janakiram "MJ" || Nominated, [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor – Kannada]]
|-
|''[[Bhujanga]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Deal Raja]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Kotigobba 2]]'' || Bus passenger || Bilingual film (Kannada, Tamil)
|-
|''[[Crazy Boy (film)|Crazy Boy]]'' || Drama teacher ||
|-
|''[[Happy Birthday (2016 Indian film)|Happy Birthday]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Mungaru Male 2]]'' || Nandini's uncle || Nominated, SIIMA Award for Best Comedian
|-
|rowspan="11"| 2017 || ''[[Lee (2017 film)|Lee]]'' || ||
|-
|''Hai'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Raajakumara]]'' || Anthony Gonsales ||
|-
| ''Real Police'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Bangara s/o Bangarada Manushya]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Dandupalya 2]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Bharjari]]'' || Loveguru ||
|-
| ''[[Chamak (film)|Chamak]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Mahanubhavaru]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Mufti (film)|Mufti]]'' || Model ||
|-
| ''[[Upendra Matte Baa]]'' || Atmananda ||
|-
|rowspan="16"| 2018 || ''[[Kanaka (film)|Kanaka]]'' || ||
|-
| ''Sanjeeva'' || ||
|-
| ''Preethiya Raayabhari'' || ||
|-
| ''[[O Premave (2018 film)|O Premave]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Johnny Johnny Yes Papa (film)|Johnny Johnny Yes Papa]]'' || Dr. Halappa ||
|-
| ''Huccha 2'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Seizer]]'' || ||
|-
| ''Double Engine'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Ayogya (2018 film)|Ayogya]]'' || Bhairathi Gundkal ||
|-
| ''Snehave Preethi'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Victory 2]]'' || Sadhu Gowda ||Nominated—[[South Indian International Movie Awards|SIIMA Award for Best Comedian – Kannada]]
|-
| ''Sur Sur Batthi'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Thayige Thakka Maga (2018 film)|Thayige Thakka Maga]]'' || Trainer of camp ||
|-
| ''Tharakasura'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Looty (2018 film)|Looty]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Orange (2018 film)|Orange]]'' || Kodanda ||
|-
| rowspan="10" |2019 || ''[[Amar (2019 film)|Amar]]'' || Amar's uncle ||
|-
| ''Anushka'' || Inspector Ajith Kumar IPS ||
|-
| ''[[Natasaarvabhowma]]'' || Namadev ||<ref>{{cite news |last1=S.M. |first1=Shashiprasad |title=Natasaarvabhowma movie review: High on spirit |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/070219/natasaarvabhowma-movie-review-high-on-spirit.html |access-date=20 March 2024 |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=7 February 2010}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Yajamana (2019 film)|Yajamana]]'' || Captain ||SIIMA Award For Best Comedian – Kannada
|-
| ''[[Londonalli Lambodhara]]'' || Sadhu ||
|-
| ''[[Yada Yada Hi Dharmasya]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Gara (film)|Gara]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Adyaksha in America]]''
| Jimmy Carter
|
|-
| ''[[Bharaate]]'' || Radha's uncle ||
|-
|''[[Mane Maratakkide]]''
|Raghava
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2020
|''[[Mayabazar 2016]]''
|Pataki Pandu ||
|-
| ''[[Drona (2020 film)|Drona]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="6" |2021
| ''[[Yuvarathnaa]]'' || Dr. Kokila Raman ||
|-
| ''[[Ranam (2021 film)|Ranam]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Mugilpete]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Sakath]]'' || Sadhu ||
|-
|''[[Drishya 2]]'' || Dubai returned man ||
|-
|''[[Arjun Gowda]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="5"|2022 || ''[[James (2022 film)|James]]'' || Santhosh's assistant ||
|-
| ''[[Home Minister (film)|Home Minister]]'' || ||
|-
| ''Trikona'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Mata (2022 film)|Mata]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Triple Riding]]'' || Garuda ||
|-
| rowspan="4"|2023 || ''[[Love Birds (2023 film)|Love Birds]]''||
|-
| ''[[Kranti (2023 film)|Kranti]]'' || Kranti's aide ||
|-
| ''[[Kick (2023 film)|Kick]]'' || Judge || Tamil film
|-
| ''[[Sreemanta]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="5"|2024 ||''[[Just Pass]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Night Curfew (film)|Night Curfew]]'' ||Sadhu||
|-
| ''[[Krishnam Pranaya Sakhi]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Karki (film)|Karki Nanu BA, LLB]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[UI (film)|UI]]'' || Joker ||
|-
| {{TBA}} || ''[[Mafia (2024 film)|Mafia]]''|| Ugra Prathap ||
|-
|}

===As director===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Years !! Film !! Notes
|-
| 2003 || ''[[Raktha Kanneeru]]'' ||
|-
| 2005 || ''[[Rakshasa (2005 film)|Rakshasa]]'' ||
|-
| 2006 || ''[[Suntaragaali]]'' ||
|-
| 2007 || ''[[Anatharu]]'' ||
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Gange Baare Thunge Baare]]'' ||
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Devru]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2010 || ''[[Mr. Theertha]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Shourya (2010 film)|Shourya]]'' ||
|-
| 2011 || ''[[Police Story 3 (2011 film)|Police Story 3]]'' || Co-director
|-
| 2014 || ''[[Super Ranga]]'' ||
|-
| 2016 || ''[[Bhale Jodi (2016 film)|Bhale Jodi]]'' ||
|-
|}

==Discography==
===As composer===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Film !! Notes
|-
| 1993 || ''[[Shhh! (Kannada film)|Shhh!]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan=3|1994 || ''Curfew'' ||
|-
| ''Asha Jyoti'' ||
|-
| ''[[Gandugali]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan=14| 1995 || '' Mangalya Sakshi'' ||
|-
| ''[[Savyasachi (1995 film)|Savyasachi]]'' ||
|-
| ''Ohhoo'' ||
|-
| ''Mother India'' ||
|-
| ''Priya O... Priya'' ||
|-
| ''Bal Nan Maga'' ||
|-
| ''Betegara'' ||
|-
| ''[[Aata Hudugata]]'' ||
|-
| ''Thavaru Beegaru'' ||
|-
| ''Nighatha'' ||
|-
| ''Nishchithartha'' ||
|-
| ''[[Kavya (film)|Kavya]]'' ||
|-
| ''Shiva'' ||
|-
| ''Emergency'' ||
|-
| rowspan=5|1996 || ''[[Ibbara Naduve Muddina Aata]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Gajanura Gandu]]'' ||
|-
|''Dhani''||
|-
|''Shrimathi Kalyana''||
|-
|''Simhadri''||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1997 ||''Dhairya''||
|-
|''Jackie Chan''||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1998 || ''[[Hello Yama]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Karnataka Police (film)|Karnataka Police]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Yamalokadalli Veerappan]]'' ||
|-
| 1999 ||''No 1''||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2000 || ''Ticket! Ticket!!'' || <ref>{{Cite web | title=Welcome to Sify.com | url=http://sify.com/movies/kannada/review.php?id=6007529&ctid=5&cid=2427 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050118002311/http://sify.com/movies/kannada/review.php?id=6007529&ctid=5&cid=2427 | archive-date=2005-01-18 | access-date=2025-11-24}}</ref>
|-
| ''Kiladi'' ||
|-
| ''[[Swalpa Adjust Madkolli]]'' ||
|-
| 2001 || ''[[Jipuna Nanna Ganda]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2002 || ''[[Majestic (film)|Majestic]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[H2O (2002 film)|H2O]]'' ||
|-
| ''Kitty'' ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2003 || ''[[Laali Haadu]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Raktha Kanneeru]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Daasa]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2004 || ''[[Rowdy Aliya]]'' || Guest composer
|-
| ''[[Darshan (2004 film)|Darshan]]'' ||
|-
|''[[Y2K (2004 film)|Y2K]]''||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 2005 || ''[[Rakshasa (2005 film)|Rakshasa]]'' || [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Music Director]]
|-
| [[Masala (2005 film)|''Masala'']] ||
|-
| ''[[Deadly Soma]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Sakha Sakhi]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2006 || ''[[Suntaragaali]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Thangigagi]]'' ||
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Inthi Ninna Preethiya]]'' || Karnataka State Film Award for Best Music Director
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2009 || ''[[Devru]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Jaaji Mallige]]''||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2010 || ''[[Aithalakkadi]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Hendtheer Darbar]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Shourya (2010 film)|Shourya]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2011 || ''[[Aata (2011 film)|Aata]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Sanju Weds Geetha]]'' || Background score only
|-
| ''[[Police Story 3 (2011 film)|Police Story 3]]'' || Background score only
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Edegarike]]'' || Also playback singer for song "Neenondu Mugiyada Mouna" Udaya Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2013 || ''[[Myna (film)|Myna]]'' || Background score only
|-
| ''[[Tony (2013 film)|Tony]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Khatarnak (2013 film)|Khatarnak]]'' ||
|-
| 2014 || ''Anarkali'' ||
|-
| 2015 || ''[[Rathavara]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 2016 || ''[[Bhale Jodi (2016 film)|Bhale Jodi]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Golisoda]]'' || Background score only
|-
| ''[[Kiragoorina Gayyaligalu]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Masti Gudi]]'' ||
|-
| 2017 || ''[[Uppi Rupee]]'' ||
|-
| 2018 || ''[[Rajasimha (film)|Rajasimha]]'' || Background score only
|-
|}

== Awards and nominations ==
;[[Karnataka State Film Awards]]
* 2004–05: [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Music Director|Best Music Director]]: ''[[Rakshasa (2005 film)|Rakshasa]]''
* 2007–08: Best Music Director: ''[[Inthi Ninna Preethiya]]''

;[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
* 2011: Best Comedian: ''[[Hudugaru]]''
* 2012: Best Comedian: ''[[Yaare Koogadali]]''

;[[IIFA Utsavam]]
*2016: Best Performance In A Comic Role: ''[[Mr. and Mrs. Ramachari]]''

;[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
* 2019: Best Comedian: ''[[Yajamana]]''

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|2794335|Sadhu Kokila}}
* [http://www.sadhukokila.yolasite.com/ Personal website]
* [https://archive.today/20130217232133/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/celebs/sadhu-kokila/filmography.html Sadhu Kokila Filmography]
{{Subject bar
|commons = yes
|commons-search =
|d = yes
|d-search =
|portal1 = Biography
|portal2 =
}}
{{Sadhu Kokila}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kokila, Sadhu}}
[[Category:Male actors in Kannada cinema]]
[[Category:Kannada film score composers]]
[[Category:Kannada film directors]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Male actors from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:1966 births]]
[[Category:Film directors from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Indian male comedians]]
[[Category:Kannada comedians]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Musicians from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian composers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian composers]]
[[Category:Film producers from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Kannada screenwriters]]
[[Category:Screenwriters from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Kannada film producers]]
[[Category:Karnataka State Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Rajyotsava Award 2015]]
[[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:IIFA Utsavam winners]]

Long Da Lishkara

2026-03-10T05:01:35Z

MarkKapoor: corrected citations for consistency and corrected details

{{Short description|1983 film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Laung Da Lishkara
| image =
| caption =
| director = [[Harpal Tiwana]]
| producer = [[Harpal Tiwana]]
| writer =
| starring = [[Raj Babbar]] [[Om Puri]] [[Gurdas Mann]] Nina Tiwana [[Mehar Mittal]] Harpreet Deol
| music = [[Jagjit Singh]] and [[Chitra Singh]]
| cinematography =
| editing =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1983}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Punjabi
}}
'''''Long Da Lishkara''''' or '''''Laung Da Lishkara''''' is an Indian Punjabi movie released in 1983 directed and produced by [[Harpal Tiwana]].<ref name=RT/><ref name=Cinemaazi>{{cite web|url=https://www.cinemaazi.com/film/long-da-lishkara|title=Long Da Lishkara (1983 film) - cast and crew|website=Indian Cinema Heritage Foundation (Cinemaazi.com) website|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 December 2021|access-date=27 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205052659/https://www.cinemaazi.com/film/long-da-lishkara}}</ref>

Under [[Jagjit Singh]]'s music direction [[Gurdas Maan]] sang<ref name=tribune2004>{{cite news |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040410/windows/main1.htm |title=Punjabi television : All bubble, no soap| quote=Gurdas Mann: The original poster boy of Punjabi pop scene. Star of Mamla Garbar Hai, Kurbani Jatt Di, Kachehari, Long Da Lishkara, Saheed-e-Mohabbat |first=Randeep |last=Wadehra |newspaper=The Tribune newspaper|date=10 April 2004 |access-date=10 February 2025|archive-date=5 June 2024|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605023114/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040410/windows/main1.htm}}</ref><ref name=Cinemaazi/> "Challa" in this film. [[Jagjit Singh]] sang "[[Ishq Hai]] Loko," "Main Kandyali Thor Ve" for this film. The lyrics were written by [[Shiv Kumar Batalvi]] and "Sare Pindch Puare Paye" written by [[Inderjit Hasanpuri]].

==Cast==
*[[Raj Babbar]] - Raja<ref name=RT>{{cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/long_da_lishkara|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 June 2022|access-date=10 February 2025|title=Long Da Lishkara (1983 film)|website=Rotten Tomatoes Film Reviews website|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608152648/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/long_da_lishkara}}</ref><ref name=Cinemaazi/>
*[[Om Puri]] - Dittu<ref name=RT/><ref name=Cinemaazi/>
*[[Gurdas Mann]] - Channa<ref name=RT/><ref name=Cinemaazi/>
*Nina Tiwana - Sardarni Sarup Kaur
*Harpreet Deol - Preeto<ref name=GP>{{cite web|author=Gurwinder |url=https://ghaintpunjab.com/GhaintPunjab/Article/9100/ghaintpunjab-interview-harpreet-deol-preeto-laung-da-lishkara |title=Exclusive Chit Chit With Yesteryear Actress Harpreet Deol (Preeto Of Laung Da Lishkara) |publisher=GhaintPunjab website|date=11 October 2017 |access-date=10 February 2025|archive-date=19 November 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119093319/https://ghaintpunjab.com/GhaintPunjab/Article/9100/ghaintpunjab-interview-harpreet-deol-preeto-laung-da-lishkara}}</ref><ref name=RT/><ref name=Cinemaazi/>
*[[Nirmal Rishi]] - Gulabo Maasi<ref name=RT/><ref name=Cinemaazi/>
*[[Sardar Sohi]] - Taaya Naara
*[[Mehar Mittal]] - Rurhiya Kubba
*[[Manjit Maan]] - Taaro<ref name=Cinemaazi/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=0308513|title=Long Da Lishkara}}

[[Category:Punjabi-language Indian films]]
[[Category:1980s Punjabi-language films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Jagjit Singh]]

{{Punjabi-film-stub}}

Miss Priyambada

2026-03-07T06:42:17Z

MarkKapoor: fixed issues

{{More citations needed|date=December 2011}}{{one source|date=December 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Miss Priyambada
| image =
| starring =
| story =
| director = [[Rabi Basu]], [[Dushymanta Choudhuri]]
| distributor = United Technologies
| released = {{Film date|1967}}
| country = India
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| music = [[Azad Rahman]] [[Subir Sen]] [[Shankar Bhattacharya]] (lyrics)
| cinematography = [[Dushymanta Choudhuri]]
| editing =
| budget =
| runtime =
}}

'''''Miss Priyambada''''' ({{langx|bn|মিস প্রিয়ংবদা}}) was released on 18 August 1967. This is a [[Bengali language|Bengali]] movie starring [[Bhanu Bandyopadhyay]], [[Jahor Roy|Jahar Roy]], Tarun Kumar and [[Lili Chakraborty]].<ref name= angel>{{Cite web |url=http://www.angelvideo.in/files/details.php?id=27 |title=Angel Video |access-date=31 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426082424/http://www.angelvideo.in/files/details.php?id=27 |archive-date=26 April 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Plot==
''Biltu'' [বিল্টু](Tarun Kumar) is a very honest, sincere, and energetic young man, who stays at a boarding house ''Pantha Nibas''. Biltu loves ''Doli'' [ডলি]. Her maternal uncle is the only guardian. A neighbor of Biltu comes to her uncle and informs that Doli and Biltu like each other. Doli's uncle then decides to arrange her marriage as soon as possible. He contacts his business friend and finalises on the groom, who is one of his friend's son. After hearing this news, Biltu seeks for help from his friends. One of them eventually enters the house as a nurse (with false name ''Priyambada'', played by [[Bhanu Bandyopadhyay]]) to take care of Doli and another friend is appointed as the house guard. Meanwhile, Doli's uncle proposes to ''Miss Priyambada''. After some hilarious incidents, Biltu weds Doli and they live happily together.

==Cast==
*[[Bhanu Bandyopadhyay]]
*[[Jahor Roy|Jahar Roy]]
*[[Tarun Kumar Chatterjee|Tarun Kumar]] as ''Biltu''
*[[Lily Chakraborty]] as ''Doli''
*[[Tapati Ghosh]]
*[[Nripati Chattopadhyay]]

==Crew==
*Script, Screenplay, Dialogue: [[Dushymanta Choudhuri]]
*Director: [[Rabi Basu]], [[Dushymanta Choudhuri]]
*Producer: United Technologies
*Music Director: Subir Sen, [[Azad Rahman]]
*Lyrics: Shankar Bhattacharya
*Voice: [[Manabendra Mukhopadhyay]], [[Arati Mukhopadhyay]], [[Pratima Mukhopadhyay]]

==Music==
*"O Shalik Amay De Nare" – [[Aarti Mukherjee]]
*"Se Ki Tobe Tumi Ogo" – [[Manabendra Mukherjee]], Aarti Mukherjee

==See also==
* [[Bhanu Pelo Lottery]]
* [[Golpo Holeo Sotyi]]
* [[Ora Thake Odhare]]
* [[Sare Chuattor]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:1967 films]]
[[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]]
[[Category:1967 comedy films]]
[[Category:1967 Bengali-language films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Azad Rahman]]
[[Category:Films scored by Subir Sen]]

{{1960s-comedy-film-stub}}
{{1960s-Bengali-film-stub}}

Sandesh Prabhudesai

2026-03-06T18:22:03Z

MarkKapoor: put up

{{Short description|Indian journalist and author}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Sandesh Prabhudesai
| image = Sandesh Prabhudesai in January 2025 (cropped).jpg
| caption = Sandesh Prabhudesai in 2025
| pseudonym =
| birth_date = 
| birth_place = Margao, Goa
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| resting_place =
| occupation = Journalist & Author
| language = {{flatlist|
* [[Konkani language|Konkani]]
* [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
* [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
* English
}}
| nationality = 
| citizenship = 
| education = Commerce Graduate
| alma_mater =
| period =
| genre = 
| subject = 
| movement = Konkani Movement
| notable_works =
| spouse = [[Prashanti Talpankar]]
| partner = 
| children =
| relatives =
| awards =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| signature_size =
| signature_type =
| years_active = 1987–present
| module =
| website = {{URL|goanews.com}}
| portaldisp = 
}}
'''Sandesh Prabhudesai''' is an Indian journalist and author from [[Goa]]. His writings cover Politics, History, Culture and Social aspects.

==Early and personal life==
Prabhudesai's parents Manohar and Shobha were freedom fighters, hailing from Loliem, Canacona.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Dolcy |last=D'Cruz |date=12 Oct 2023 |title=Life in a pre-Liberation Salazar's prison in Goa |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Cafe/Life-in-a-preLiberation-Salazar%E2%80%99s-prison-in-Goa/211935 |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref> He has been an activist, right from his student days. He was active as a student leader of Progressive Students Union (PSU), Goa, in the 1970s and 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Vibha |last=Verma |date=29 Jan 2023 |title=Veterans recall activism in 80s |url=https://www.thegoan.net/goa-news/veterans-recall-activism-in-80s/94537.html |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=The Goan EveryDay |language=en}}</ref> In the 1990s, he was part of the group that advocated for a free and fair Goa Right to Information Act (GRIA) of 1997.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Noronha |first=Frederick |author-link=Frederick Noronha |date=2001 |title=Perils of Knowing: Right to Information Act, 1997 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4410966 |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=36 |issue=32 |pages=3021–3023 |jstor=4410966 |issn=0012-9976}}</ref> He is also actively associated with the literary and cultural movement of Goa. He also heads the ManoShobha Kalaghar Trust, a cultural centre his family has created in his ancestral village of Loliem in Canacona taluka. He is married to author [[Prashanti Talpankar]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Narayan |first=Rajan |date=2024-07-19 |title=Memoirs of an Underdog Journalist! 'I have no sacred cows!' 'I'm the goonda with the pen!" NARVEKAR MOLESTS, I GET BEATEN UP! |url=https://www.goanobserver.in/2024/07/19/memoirs-of-an-underdog-journalist-i-have-no-sacred-cows-im-the-goonda-with-the-pen-narvekar-molests-i-get-beaten-up/ |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=Goan Observer |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Career==
Prabhudesai started his professional career as a journalist in 1987, while he was reporting for daily and weekly publications in Goa from his student days. He writes in [[Konkani language|Konkani]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]] and English. During Goa's historic Students' Movement of '70s and '80s, he was also part of the editorial board of a statewide students' magazine "Udent" and the editor of a youth magazine "Sangeen". From 1987 till 2020, he worked in day-to-day journalism as a correspondent, Chief Reporter, TV anchor, conducting TV debates and interviews. He was the Editor of Konkani Newspaper ''[[Sunaparant]]'' and TV channels Prudent Media and Goa365. He also worked as the State correspondent for national and international media in Hindi and English, including [[BBC News]]. He is also founded India's unique Mobile News Service "Goenkar News" and Goa's first news website {{URL|goanews.com}}, in 1999. Prabhudesai is associated with the Goa Union of Journalists (GUJ) and was a general secretary when the GUJ successfully fought for enactment of India's first Right to Information Act in the state.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2023|title=The Goan, Prudent TV and Goan Varta staff bag GUJ awards |url=https://www.thegoan.net/goa-news/the-goan-prudent-tv-and-goan-varta-staff-bag-guj-awards/101770.html |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=The Goan EveryDay |language=en}}</ref>

At the 2013 edition of [[Goa Arts and Literature Festival]], renowned poet [[Gulzar]] released three books written by Prabhudesai - ''Ghusamat'' (Marathi), ''Taalgadi'' (Konkani) and ''Clear Cut'' (English).<ref>{{Cite news |first=Vijay |last=Desouza |date=2013-12-07 |title=Three books penned by senior journalist Sandesh Prabhudesai - 'Taalgadi' in Konkani, 'Ghusamat' in Marathi and 'Clear Cut' in English- were released by noted poet and lyricist Gulzar at the ongoing Goa Arts and Literary Festival, at Dona Paula, here. Gulzar advised youngsters to learn as many languages as possible. |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/-three-books-penned-by-senior-journalist-sandesh-prabhudesai-taalgadi-in-konkani-ghusamat-in-marathi-and-clear-cut-in-english-were-released-by-noted-poet-and-lyricist-gulzar-at-the-ongoing-goa-arts-and-literary-festival-at-dona-paula-here-gulzar-advised-youngsters-to-learn-as-many-languages-as-possible-/articleshow/27035957.cms |access-date=2024-07-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> ''Clear Cut: Goa behind the Glamour'' is a collection of [[op-ed]]s written by Prabhudesai, featuring articles written about subjects like the [[medium of instruction]] and the [[Archdiocese of Goa]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 Jan 2016 |first=Jason Keith |last=Fernandes |title=Konkani stalwarts and the Archdiocese |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Edit/Opinions/Konkani-stalwarts-and-the-Archdiocese/97611 |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

His 2022 book, ''Ajeeb Goa's Gajab Politics'', covers the political history of Goa. It was released on the 191st birth anniversary of [[Savitribai Phule]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2022-01-28 |title=Sandesh Prabhudesai releases new book, Ajeeb Goa's Gajab Politics |magazine=Business Goa |url=https://businessgoa.in/sandesh-prabhudesai-releases-new-book-ajeeb-goas-gajab-politics/ |access-date=2024-07-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> The book describes how Goa's politics is not influenced by the usual factors such as caste and religion, but is usually dependent on the candidate.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-01 |title=Morning Show Ep 6 ft Sandesh Prabhudesai: Ajeeb Goa's Gajab Politics |url=https://www.newslaundry.com/2022/02/01/morning-show-ep-6-ft-sandesh-prabhudesai-ajeeb-goas-gajab-politics |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=Newslaundry |language=en}}</ref> His 2024 book, ''Double Engine: History of Goa Lok Sabha Elections'', was released before the [[2024 Indian general election]] and covers Goa's history at the [[Lok Sabha Elections]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Narayan |first=Tara |date=2024-03-29 |title=THE DOUBLE-ENGINE ENIGMA OF GOAN POLITICS! |url=https://www.goanobserver.in/2024/03/29/the-double-engine-enigma-of-goan-politics/ |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=Goan Observer |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Awards==
In 2022, Prabhudesai was awarded the [[Laxmidas Borkar]] Smruti Patrakarita Puraskar ({{Translation|Laxmidas Borkar Memorial Journalism Award}}).<ref>{{Cite web |date= April 2, 2022 |title=GUJ congratulates Prabhudesai on award win |url=https://www.thegoan.net/goa-inshorts/%EF%BB%BFguj-congratulates-prabhudesai-on-award-win/82276.html |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=The Goan EveryDay |language=en}}</ref>

==Works==
* ''Ghusamat'' (Marathi; 2013)
* ''Taalgadi'' (Konkani; 2013)
* ''Clear Cut: Goa behind the Glamour'' (2013)
* ''Ajeeb Goa's Gajab Politics'' (2022)
* ''Double Engine: History of Goa Lok Sabha Elections'' (2024)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Prabhudesai, Sandesh}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Journalists from Goa]]
[[Category:Writers from Goa]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Dainik Agradoot

2026-03-04T09:16:05Z

MarkKapoor: slightly expanded page per standard format

{{Short description|Indian newspaper}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox newspaper
| name = Dainik Agradoot
| logo = DainikAgradootLogo.jpg
| logo_size = 220px
| image = DainikAgradootCover.jpg
| image_size = 240px
| caption =
| type = [[Daily newspaper]]
| format = [[Broadsheet]]
| owners = Agradoot Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
| founder =
| publisher = Agradoot Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
| editor = Pranjal Sen Deka
| chief_editor = Kanak Sen Deka
| associate_editor =
| managing_editor =
| news_editor =
| campus_editor =
| campus_chief =
| opinion_editor =
| photo_editor =
| seniorstaff =
| staff_writers =
| founded =
| political_position =
| language = [[Assamese language|Assamese]]
| ceased_publication =
| relaunched =
| headquarters = [[Guwahati]], [[Assam]]
| circulation =
| sister_newspapers =
| ISSN =
| oclc =
| website = {{URL|https://www.dainikagradoot.in/}}
}}
'''''Dainik Agradoot''''' ([[Assamese language|Assamese:]] দৈনিক অগ্ৰদূত) is an [[Assamese-language]] daily [[newspaper]] owned by Agradoot Publishers Pvt. Ltd.<ref>[[Registrar of Newspapers for India|RNI]] | Reg. No.45273/1986 | Name: DAINIK AGRADOOT | Publication City: BHOPAL | Link: http://rni.nic.in/registerdtitle_search/registeredtitle_ser.aspx</ref><ref>[[Registrar of Newspapers for India|RNI]] | Reg. No.62953/1996 | Name: DAINIK AGRADOOT | Publication City: KAMRUP | Link: http://rni.nic.in/registerdtitle_search/registeredtitle_ser.aspx</ref><ref>[[Registrar of Newspapers for India|RNI]] | Reg. No.ASSASS/2007/22844 | Name: DAINIK AGRADOOT | Publication City: SONITPUR, TEZPUR | Link: http://rni.nic.in/registerdtitle_search/registeredtitle_ser.aspx</ref> It published simultaneously from [[Guwahati]], [[Jorhat]] and [[Tezpur]]. ''Dainik Agradoot'' has its headquarters at [[Dispur]], [[Guwahati]].

==See also==
*[[List of Assamese periodicals]]
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website|dainikagradoot.in}}

{{Newspapers in India}}

[[Category:Assamese-language newspapers]]
[[Category:Publications with year of establishment missing]]
[[Category:Mass media in Guwahati]]

{{India-newspaper-stub}}

Dutch–Zamorin conflicts

2026-03-03T21:46:23Z

MarkKapoor: Adding A Data

{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Dutch-Zamorin Conflicts
| partof =
| image = File:Zamorin of Calicut.jpg
| caption = Zamorin of Calicut
| date = 1666–1758
| place = Present-day [[Kerala]], [[India]] and [[Indian Ocean]]
| result = Dutch victory
| combatant1 = {{tree list}}
*{{flag|Dutch Republic}}
**{{flagdeco|VOC}} [[Dutch East India Company]]{{tree list/end}}
| combatant2 = [[Zamorin of Calicut]] {{flagcountry|East India Company|1707}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Territories and States of India |last1=Boland-Crewe |first1=Tara |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2003 |isbn=9781135356255 |edition=e-book |pages=145 |language=English |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M2uPAgAAQBAJ&dq=1715+dutch+zamorin&pg=PA145 |last2=Lea |first2=David}}</ref> {{flag|Kingdom of Kandy|name=Kandy}} (1753–1758) '''Supported by:''' {{flag|Danish India}}<ref>{{Cite book|title=Selections from the records of the Madras government. Dutch records|url=http://archive.org/details/selectionsfromre13madr|publisher=Madras : Printed by the Supt., Govt. Press|date=1908|others=University of California Libraries|last=Madras (India : State)|pages=36–37|quote=In 1756 I find the Dutch Commandeur still complaining about the " jealousy" of European rivals which was " nothing new", about the Danes at Calicut furnishing the Zamorin, who was again at war with the Dutch, with powder and shot and seven cannoneers.}}</ref>
| commander1 = {{flagicon|Dutch Republic}} [[Rijcklof van Goens]] {{flagicon|Dutch Republic}} [[Casparus de Jong]]
| commander2 = [[Zamorin|Zamorins of Calicut]]
| strength1 =
| strength2 =
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
}}
The '''Dutch-Zamorin conflicts''' refer to a series of armed hostilities and territorial disputes that occurred during the 17th and 18th centuries between the [[Dutch East India Company]] and the [[Zamorin]], the ruler of [[Calicut (kingdom)|Calicut]] in present-day [[Kerala]], India.

The conflicts occurred in 1666–1668, 1670–1672, 1701–1710, 1715–1718, and 1753–1758. This period of conflict was part of the more considerable competition between European powers for control over trade routes and valuable resources in the Indian Ocean region. Despite these conflicts, the Dutch and Zamorin had overall good relations, and each power-assisted the other militarily.

==Background==
The Dutch East India Company was a powerful trading entity established in the early 17th century, primarily aimed at expanding trade and securing lucrative [[spice trade]] routes in the East Indies. On the other hand, the Zamorin was a significant regional power in the [[Malabar Coast]] of India, and Calicut (now Kozhikode) was one of the prominent trading centres in the region. Over time, the Dutch gained the upper hand in these conflicts. Their naval prowess and superior firepower allowed them to seize key trading posts and control crucial trade routes. The Dutch also managed to secure favourable trade agreements and exclusive trading rights with various regional rulers, weakening Zamorin's position and influence.

==Hostilities==
===1666–1668 War===
Between 1666 and 1668, the Dutch and the Zamorin were involved in a war in the Indian Ocean region. This conflict arose due to both parties' competing interests and territorial ambitions during the 17th century.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Zamorins of Calicut From the Earliest Times Down to A.D. 1806 |last=Ayyar |first=Krishna |publisher=Publication Division, University of Calicut |year=1999 |isbn=9788177480009 |edition=paperback |pages=316}}</ref> Before 1666, the Dutch sought to expand their territorial holdings in India. In 1666, they launched an invasion of the lands around Crangore, specifically Anchi Kamal, to gain more influence in the region. This invasion had adverse implications for the Zamorin, who found it necessary to retaliate by dispatching raiding parties and expeditions against the Dutch forces. However, most of these countermeasures were unsuccessful as they were repelled by the Dutch, who demonstrated their military strength and defensive capabilities and successfully defended their territory and expanded.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Arabian Seas The Indian Ocean World of the Seventeenth Century |last=Barendse |first=Rene J. |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2016 |isbn=9781317458357 |edition=e-book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=G3ClDAAAQBAJ&dq=dutch+zamorin+1666&pg=PT409}}</ref>

===1670–1672 War===
As hostilities escalated, Van Goes, a Dutch commander, led an army of 900 troops into the territory of the Zamorin. In the ensuing battle, the Zamorin's forces suffered over 300 casualties, including the severe injury of the king's wife, and were ultimately defeated. The Dutch army, in contrast, experienced relatively minor losses and returned to their stronghold in Crangur. Undeterred, the Zamorin launched a counterattack on the Dutch fort at Crangur with 800 men, but their efforts were unsuccessful, and the Dutch successfully repelled the assault. Recognizing the growing strength of the Dutch forces, the Zamorin launched an attack on the Tower of Cranganur with 4,000 men against the Dutch's 11,000 defenders. Surprisingly, the Dutch emerged victorious in this battle as well. Faced with this series of defeats, the Zamorin was eager to seek peace and finally signed a peace treaty with the Dutch on 6 February 1672. The treaty heavily favoured the Dutch, granting them favourable terms, and even ceded the region of Chetwai to Dutch control. This period of conflict and its eventual resolution through a peace treaty had significant implications for the power dynamics in the area. It shaped the relationship between the Dutch and the Zamorin during that time.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Hendrik Adriaan Van Reed Tot Drakestein 1636-1691 and Hortus, Malabaricus |last=J. Heniger |first=J. Heniger |publisher=CRC Press |year=2007 |isbn=9781351441070 |edition=e-book |pages=26–27 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rIZHDwAAQBAJ&dq=1671+dutch+zamorin&pg=PA27}}</ref> During this war, the famous Cheraman sword was burnt in a surprise attack by the Dutch at Kodungallur (1670).<ref>{{Cite book |title=A Handbook of Kerala Volume 1 |last=Menon |first=T. Madhava |publisher=International School of Dravidian Linguistics |year=2008 |pages=159}}</ref>

===1701-1710===
Between 1701 and 1710, the Dutch and the Zamorin engaged in a significant and devastating war. The conflict was triggered when the Zamorin attempted to invade Cochin. The Dutch opposed this move, as they were wary of the Zamorin becoming too powerful in the region. Consequently, skirmishes ensued as both sides contested their territorial claims. As the war progressed, the Zamorin faced difficulties maintaining their offensive, and the Dutch demonstrated their military strength. After protracted hostilities and realizing the challenges in capturing Cochin, the Zamorin eventually abandoned their efforts and sought a peaceful resolution. They communicated their willingness to achieve peace to the Dutch by sending a letter proposing negotiations. The war between the Dutch and the Zamorin during this period had significant implications for the region's power dynamics and territorial control. The eventual willingness of the Zamorin to seek peace reflected the exhaustion of their military campaign and the desire to find a diplomatic resolution to the conflict.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 |last=Koshy |first=M. O. |publisher=Mittal Publications |year=1989 |isbn=9788170991366 |edition=hardcover |pages=37 |language=English}}</ref>

===1715–1718 War===

When the war started in 1715, the Dutch prepared for a conflict with the Zamorin. Their anger was directed not only towards the Zamorin but also the British [[East India Company]], who secretly supported the Zamorin. Following instructions from the supreme council of Batavia, the Dutch mobilized their fleet and troops under the command of William Bakker Jacobs and moved towards the Malabar region. The Dutch fleet initiated a siege along the shores, and during this time, they captured a ship flying the British flag. The Zamorin suffered significant losses during the hostilities. The Dutch successfully captured the areas of Pappinivattam and Chettuva, but the British stopped assisting the Zamorin. Subsequently, negotiations began for a truce, resulting in a new agreement. According to this agreement, the Dutch obtained the islands of Chettuva, and the Zamorin was compelled to pay a war indemnity of 85,000 gold coins. As part of the agreement, a person named Dharmoth Panikker, who was on the side of the Zamorin and had captured a fort, was dismissed from the service of the Zamorin, and his properties were confiscated and given to the Dutch East India Company. Following this agreement, the Dutch significantly increased their influence and military prowess in Kerala, establishing themselves as a formidable regional force. This event shaped the power dynamics and relations between the Dutch, the Zamorin, and the British in the Malabar region during that period.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://dutchinkerala.com/1716.php |title=1716 The Dutch in Kerala was the Decisive Force}}</ref>

===1753-1758 War===
The war between the Dutch and the Zamorin in Kerala began after Frederik Cunes arrived in the region and made peace with Travancore, which offended the Zamorin. As the Dutch became more neutral in India and stopped supporting the Zamorin while still receiving assistance from them, the Zamorin grew increasingly discontented and eventually initiated the war. The conflict started with a surprise attack by the Zamorin on Dutch settlers, resulting in skirmishes. When the Zamorin attacked another area with 2,000 soldiers, the Dutch sent 210 soldiers to defend it, and the Zamorin's forces retreated. However, the Dutch faced challenges, with the Zamorin nearly completing the invasion of Paracherry until it was halted by Dutch intervention. The Zamorin sought peace with the Dutch, but negotiations were marred by an incident where Zamorin envoys sent to a Dutch fort at Crangore were killed, leading to frustration on both sides. The Kingdom of Ceylon sided with the Zamorin, and the Zamorin sought assistance from Travancore.

Interestingly, Travancore assisted both parties, with their commander adopting a diplomatic stance to avoid hostilities. Subsequently, the Zamorin attempted to invade Cettuwaye, but the combined Dutch and Chettuwaye forces drove them out. The Zamorin then successfully invaded the [[Kingdom of Cochin]], surprising the Dutch command in Malabar.

In response to intelligence that the Zamorin might attack their possessions in Malabar, the Dutch accepted a letter of peace from the Zamorin while bolstering their forces. Peace negotiations between the two sides did not lead to favourable terms, and the war continued. With reinforcements from Batavia, the Dutch were well-prepared for battle and regained control of Chettuwaye and Puthanchira. The Zamorin faced defeat in every engagement, leading to their immediate desire for peace. They ceded Madilagam, Puthanchira, Chettuwaye, and Pappinvattam to the Dutch and agreed to pay tribute to them as part of the peace agreement.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 |last=Koshy |first=M. O. |publisher=Mittal Publications |year=1989 |isbn=9788170991366 |edition=hardcover |pages=118–129 |language=English |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&dq=zamorin+dutch+1753&pg=PA118}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{notelist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zamorin, Dutch}}

[[Category:Dutch Malabar]]
[[Category:Wars involving the Dutch Republic]]
[[Category:Wars involving the Kingdom of Great Britain]]
[[Category:Military history of the Indian Ocean]]

Kadaseela Biriyani

2026-03-03T02:35:34Z

MarkKapoor: put up initial data needs work

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Kadaseela Biriyani poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = Nishanth Kalidindi
| screenplay = Nishanth Kalidindi Vivekanand Kalaivanan
| story = Nishanth Kalidindi
| producer = [[S. Sashikanth]] [[Chakravarthy Ramachandra]] Nishanth Kalidindi
| starring = Vasanth Selvam Dinesh Mani Vijay Ram [[Hakim Shahjahan]]
| narrator = [[Vijay Sethupathi]]
| cinematography = Azeem Mohammad Hestin Jose Joseph
| editing = Ignatious Aswin
| music = Vinoth Thanigasalam Neil Sebastian Judah Paul
| studio = [[YNOT Studios]]
| distributor = [[YNOTX]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2021|11|19}}
| runtime = 113 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Kadaseela Biriyani''''' ({{Translation|[[Biryani]] in the end}}) is a 2021 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[black comedy]] film directed and co-written by Nishanth Kalidindi.<ref name="TheHindu">{{Cite news |last=Srivatsan |first=S |date=19 November 2021 |title='Kadaseela Biriyani' movie review: A first-rate cinema experience. You wish it had a little more pulp |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/kadaseela-biriyani-movie-review/article37574823.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123073901/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/kadaseela-biriyani-movie-review/article37574823.ece |archive-date=23 November 2021 |access-date=25 November 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> The directorial debut of Nishanth Kalidindi, it was shot in 2016 and completed in 2018,<ref name="debut">{{Cite news |last=Darshan |first=Navein |date=24 November 2021 |title=Baahubali showed more violence than we did: Kadaseela Biriyani director Nishanth Kalidindi |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2021/nov/24/baahubali-showed-more-violence-than-we-did-kadaseela-biriyani-directornishanth-kalidindi-2387278.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213044622/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2021/nov/24/baahubali-showed-more-violence-than-we-did-kadaseela-biriyani-directornishanth-kalidindi-2387278.html |archive-date=13 December 2021 |access-date=13 December 2021 |work=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref> but was released theatrically over three years later on 19 November 2021.<ref name="TheHindu" /> The film stars Vasanth Selvam, Dinesh Mani and Vijay Ram and met with positive reviews.<ref name="Dat">{{Cite news |last=Darshan |first=Navein |date=19 November 2021 |title='Kadaseela Biriyani' Review: A dark, yet hilarious film |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2021/nov/20/kadaseela-biriyani-review-a-dark-yet-hilarious-film-2385732.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125110727/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2021/nov/20/kadaseela-biriyani-review-a-dark-yet-hilarious-film-2385732.html |archive-date=25 November 2021 |access-date=25 November 2021 |work=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref name="sif">{{Cite web |date=19 November 2021 |title=Kadaseela Biriyani review: An amusing thriller |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/kadaseela-biriyanireview-an-amusing-thriller-review-tamil-vltdUEghijjci.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120113700/https://www.sify.com/movies/kadaseela-biriyanireview-an-amusing-thriller-review-tamil-vltdUEghijjci.html |archive-date=20 November 2021 |access-date=25 November 2021 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref name="toi">{{Cite news |last=Suganth |first=M |date=19 November 2021 |title=Movie Reviews – Tamil – Kadaseela Biriyani |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/kadaseela-biriyani/movie-review/87776762.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124205741/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/kadaseela-biriyani/movie-review/87776762.cms |archive-date=24 November 2021 |access-date=25 November 2021 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Set in [[Kottayam district|Kottayam]], [[Kerala]], the film also contains [[Malayalam]] dialogues.<ref name="TheHindu" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=കഡസീലെ ബിരിയാണി |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-review/vasanth-selvam-vijay-ram-hakkim-shah-starrer-kadaseela-biriyani-review-rating-in-malayalam/moviereview/88339820.cms |website=[[Samayam]] |language=ml}}</ref> Three brothers break into the rubber estate to avenge their father's death, but fate has cruel plans as they are welcomed by the landlord's psychopath son.<ref>{{Cite news |date=3 November 2021 |title=The intriguing trailer of Kadaseela Biriyani is here! |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/videos/2021/nov/03/the-intriguing-trailer-of-kadaseela-biriyani-is-here-27634.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125111913/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/videos/2021/nov/03/the-intriguing-trailer-of-kadaseela-biriyani-is-here-27634.html |archive-date=25 November 2021 |access-date=25 November 2021 |work=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The narrator, [[Vijay Sethupathi]], recounts the tale of Chikku Pandi (Vijay Ram), who as a young child is removed from the rest of his family by his father, who wishes to protect him from their violent criminal ways and instead raise him to lead a simple peaceful life. Chikku concentrates on his studies, hoping to meet his father's ambition of becoming a doctor. However when Chikku turns 16, his father is murdered by the owner of a large rubber plantation, Sathyan (Vishaal Ram). Chikku reunites with his older brothers Periya Pandi (Vasanth Selvam) and Ila Pandi (Dinesh Mani), who pressure him into a plan to avenge their father's death by killing Sathyan. The three brothers travel to Sathyan's rubber plantation in [[Kanjirappally]], Kerala. Expecting to have to kill several of Sathyan's workers to gain access, they instead find the plantation deserted. At Sathyan's house they see that Sathyan's son Johan Kariya (Hakkim Shah), a notorious [[psychopath]], has unexpectedly returned home, causing the plantation workers to flee in fear. The brothers overhear an argument between Johan and his father, during which Johan taunts his father by revealing that he had killed his father's mistress and burnt their son alive. Johan mocks his father's grief.

Ila Pandi wants to abort the mission but Periya Pandi insists they proceed with the plan to avenge their father's death. They sneak into the house, tie up Sathyan and move him into the nearby forest. Ila Pandi, who is acting as lookout, is discovered by Johan who questions him. Periya Pandi comes to his aid, claiming to Johan that they had stumbled upon the house while looking for their brother. Johan is sceptical, but Chikku distracts him by smashing a picture in the house, allowing all three brothers to flee into the forest. After killing Sathyan, they hitch a ride from a passing lorry driven by a fellow Tamilian, Gabriel, who is transporting coffins. On the back of the lorry, the three brothers toast their success, with Chikku planning to buy a [[biryani]] to celebrate. One of the coffins opens, and Gabriel's son Andrew, who had been sleeping in it, sits up. In shock, Ila and Periya fall off the lorry to their eventual deaths.

When the police reach the scene they take Gabriel, Andrew and Chikku into custody. Rather than taking them to the police station, the police (who are both on the payroll of and terrified of Johan), head toward's Johan's house, Johan having discovered his father's body. Gabriel, Andrew and Chikku flee into the dense forest, which is too impenetrable for the police to find them. What follows is a cat and mouse game as the police, together with Johan and his henchmen, surround the forest to prevent their escape. Johan, who wants to burn down the forest to smoke them out, expresses frustration that Chikku is too much of a weakling to provide a satisfactorily challenging prey.

Andrew seemingly manages to escape the forest, but is soon caught and returned to Johan, who burns him alive while forcing Gabriel, who had come to give himself up, to watch. Chikku, cowering in fear, is taunted by Johan who shouts into the forest that there is no escape. Realising he has no option but to fight back, Chikku leaves the forest, managing to kill two of Johan's henchmen before confronting Johan himself. Seemingly pleased with Chikku's new-found courage, Johan laughs and offers to tell him a joke. Before he can do so he is run over and killed by a lorry (driven by [[Vijay Sethupathi]] in a cameo appearance). The driver briefly laments that this is the 36th time he has hit someone, before shrugging it off and offering Chikku a lift. The film ends with Chikku in [[Puducherry (city)|Pondicherry]], ordering a biriyani in a local restaurant, as the narrator hopes that he will be able to return to living a simple life.

== Cast ==
''Source''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/malayalam/interview-happy-to-see-the-audience-accepting-my-characters-the-way-i-intended-says-hakim-shahjahan/|title=Interview: Happy to see the audience accepting my characters the way I intended, says Hakim Shahjahan|first=Arjun|last=Ramachandran|date=9 October 2024}}</ref>
{{Cast listing|
* Vasanth Selvam as Periya Pandi<ref name="toi" />
* Dinesh Mani as Ila Pandi<ref name="toi" />
* Vijay Ram as Chikku Pandi<ref name="toi" />
* Vishaal Ram as Sathyan<ref name="toi" />
* [[Hakim Shahjahan]] as Johan Kariya aka Panni Kusu Roast<ref name="toi" />
* Sabha Srinivaasan as Gabriel
* Augustine R Kevin as Andrew
* [[Vijay Sethupathi]] as a lorry driver (cameo)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bobby Sing |title=Kadaseela Biriyani review: Vasanth Selvam, Hakkim Shah, Dinesh Mani and Vijay Ram are spectacular in this gory but very well made revenge thriller |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/kadaseela-biriyani-review-vasanth-selvam-hakkim-shah-dinesh-mani-and-vijay-ram-are-spectacular-in-this-gory-but-very-well-made-revenge-thriller |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220213091514/https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/kadaseela-biriyani-review-vasanth-selvam-hakkim-shah-dinesh-mani-and-vijay-ram-are-spectacular-in-this-gory-but-very-well-made-revenge-thriller |archive-date=13 February 2022 |access-date=20 September 2023 |website=The Free Press Journal}}</ref>
}}

== Soundtrack ==
The original background score of the film was composed by Vinoth Thanigasalam and the songs are composed by Neil Sebastian and Judah Paul. The songs album featured seven tracks with lyrics written by Umadevi, Suhail Koya, Tenzin Rangdol, Payal John and Solar Sai.{{cn|date=December 2021}}

{{track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| headline = Track listing
| title1 = Aarariro
| lyrics1 = Umadevi
| extra1 = Suraj Jagan
| music1 = Judah Paul
| length1 = 5:07
| title2 = Aarariro
| note2 = Acoustic
| lyrics2 = Umadevi
| extra2 = Alphons Joseph
| music2 = Judah Paul
| length2 = 4:04
| title3 = Lovely
| note3 = Malayalam
| lyrics3 = Suhail Koya
| extra3 = Jassie Gift
| music3 = Neil Sebastian, Immanuel Roberts
| length3 = 3:04
| title4 = Manjaadi
| note4 = Malayalam
| lyrics4 = Suhail Koya
| extra4 = Arun Ghosh
| music4 = Neil Sebastian
| length4 = 3:31
| title5 = Baby
| note5 = English
| lyrics5 = Tenzin Randol
| extra5 = Tenzin Randol
| music5 = Neil Sebastian, Immanuel Roberts
| length5 = 3:00
| title6 = Giorno Di Pioggia
| lyrics6 = Payal John
| extra6 = Payal John
| music6 = Neil Sebastian
| length6 = 2:38
| title7 = Kadavuley
| lyrics7 = Uma Devi, Solar Sai
| extra7 = Solar Sai
| music7 = Neil Sebastian
| length7 = 3:39
| title8 = Kadaseela Biriyani Theme
| music8 = Judah Paul
| length8 = 1:35
| length14 = 4:27
| title14 = The Animal and the wall
| music13 = Vinoth Thanigasalam
| title12 = Saithan's God
| length13 = 3:34
| title13 = The Sac goes away
| music12 = Vinoth Thanigasalam
| length12 = 2:54
| length10 = 2:39
| music11 = Vinoth Thanigasalam
| length11 = 2:26
| title11 = The Chase
| length9 = 2:51
| music10 = Vinoth Thanigasalam
| title10 = The Pandis
| music9 = Vinoth Thanigasalam
| title9 = The Plan
| music14 = Vinoth Thanigasalam, Neil Sebastian
}}

== Reception ==
Srivatsan S. of ''[[The Hindu]]'' stated that, "even though the film won't give you a wholesome feeling, the commitment from a debutant filmmaker is visible and I’m willing to give all my money".<ref name="TheHindu" /> Haricharan Pudipeddi of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' wrote that "the film is one of the most bizarre films to come out of Tamil cinema in recent years, unabashedly raw indie film and is largely brilliant and naive in parts". He also added that, the film manages to stay largely engaging and is worth being called one of the best films of the year.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pudipeddi |first=Haricharan |date=19 November 2021 |title=Kadaseela Biriyani movie review: Brilliantly shot, bizarre indie thriller with a heart |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/kadaseela-biriyani-movie-review-brilliantly-shot-bizarre-indie-thriller-with-a-heart-101637303200845.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124130305/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/kadaseela-biriyani-movie-review-brilliantly-shot-bizarre-indie-thriller-with-a-heart-101637303200845.html |archive-date=24 November 2021 |access-date=25 November 2021 |work=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref>

Navein Darshan of ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' praised the director, saying that "the film is dark, yet hilarious, despite being filled with newcomers, but pleasantly surprises by delivering a finished product, signaling the arrival of a daring filmmaker".<ref name="Dat" /> ''[[Sify]]'' called the film an amusing thriller as it deserves a watch for its unique presentation, style, and original plot.<ref name="sif" /> ''[[Dinamalar]]'' rated the film with 2.5/5 stars, stating that, even though the film tests their patience in the first half, it turns into an engrossing product in the second half with several scenes deserving applause.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 November 2021 |title=கடைசீல பிரியாணி - விமர்சனம் |trans-title=Kadaseela Biriyani – Review |url=https://cinema.dinamalar.com/movie-review/3056/Kadaseela-biriyani/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125111625/https://cinema.dinamalar.com/movie-review/3056/Kadaseela-biriyani/ |archive-date=25 November 2021 |access-date=25 November 2021 |work=[[Dinamalar]] |language=ta}}</ref> M Suganth of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the film with 3.5/5 stating that, "the thriller film is full of cinematic vigour and keeps us hooked from start to finish and unfolds like a dark comic experience, filled with colourful characters". He concluded that "the filmmaker announces his arrival loud and clear and we can't wait to see where he goes from here".<ref name="toi" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}

{{YNOT Studios}}

[[Category:2020s comedy thriller films]]
[[Category:2021 Indian films]]
[[Category:2021 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2021 black comedy films]]
[[Category:2021 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:2021 films]]
[[Category:Films produced by S. Sashikanth]]
[[Category:Films shot in Kottayam]]
[[Category:Indian black comedy films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy thriller films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language black comedy films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language comedy thriller films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:YNOT Studios films]]

Shehzada (2023 film)

2026-03-02T01:36:20Z

MarkKapoor: updated details

{{Short description|2023 film directed by Rohit Dhawan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Shehzada
| image = Shehzada 2023 film poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Rohit Dhawan]]
| writer = '''Adapted Screenplay:''' Rohit Dhawan '''Dialogues:''' [[Hussain Dalal]]
| story = [[Trivikram Srinivas]]
| producer = {{ubl|[[Bhushan Kumar]]|[[Krishan Kumar (actor)|Krishan Kumar]]|[[Aman Gill]]|[[Allu Aravind]]|[[S. Radha Krishna]]|[[Kartik Aaryan]]}}
| based_on = {{Based on|''[[Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo]]''| Trivikram Srinivas}}
| starring = {{plainlist|
*[[Kartik Aaryan]]
*[[Kriti Sanon]]
*[[Paresh Rawal]]
*[[Manisha Koirala]]
*[[Ronit Roy]]
}}
| cinematography = [[Sudeep Chatterjee]] Sanjay F. Gupta
| editing = Ritesh Soni
| music = '''Songs:''' [[Pritam]] '''Guest Composer:''' [[Abhijit Vaghani]] '''Background Score:''' [[Julius Packiam]]
| studio = {{Ubl|[[T-Series (company)|T-Series Films]]|[[Geetha Arts#Allu Entertainment|Allu Entertainment]]|[[S. Radha Krishna|Haarika & Hassine Creations]]|Brat Films}}
| distributor = [[AA Films]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2023|02|17}}
| runtime = 145 minutes<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 February 2023 |title=Kartik Aaryan starrer Shehzada certified 'U/A' by CBFC with duration of 2 hours 25 minutes |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/kartik-aaryan-starrer-shehzada-certified-u-cbfc-duration-2-hours-25-minutes/ |access-date=11 February 2023 |work=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget = {{INR|65}} crore<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2023 |title=Understanding the Economics of the Kartik Aaryan starrer Shehzada and, how much the film needs to earn to make a profit |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/understanding-economics-kartik-aaryan-starrer-shehzada-much-film-needs-earn-make-profit/ |access-date=14 February 2023 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |quote=Made on a budget of Rs. 85 cr. (Rs. 65 cr. as Cost of Production and Rs. 20 cr. on Print and Advertisement)}}</ref>
| gross = {{estimation}} {{INR|47.43 crore}}<ref name="bh">{{Cite web |date=17 February 2023 |title=SHEHZADA BOX OFFICE |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/shehzada-2/box-office/ |access-date=18 March 2023 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}</ref>
}}
'''''Shehzada''''' ({{Translation|Prince}}) is a 2023 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[action comedy film]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-12 |title=Shehzada trailer: Kartik Aaryan takes on action and comedy scenes, talks about 'real nepotism'. Watch |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/shehzada-trailer-kartik-aaryan-talks-about-real-nepotism-watch-101673516545716.html |access-date=2026-01-06 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> directed by [[Rohit Dhawan]]. A remake of the [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film ''[[Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo]]'' (2020), the film stars [[Kartik Aaryan]], [[Kriti Sanon]], [[Paresh Rawal]], [[Manisha Koirala]] and [[Ronit Roy]].

[[Principal photography]] began in October 2021 and ended in January 2023 with filming held in [[Mumbai]], [[Mauritius]] and [[Delhi]]. The music was scored by [[Pritam]]. Released on 17 February 2023, it was a critical and [[box-office bomb|commercial failure]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 January 2023 |title=Shehzada release pushed to February 17 as Pathaan continues record-breaking run at box office |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/shehzada-release-pushed-to-feb-17-as-pathaan-continues-record-breaking-run-at-box-office-8413655/ |access-date=30 January 2023 |work=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Shehzada Box Office Collection Day 3: Kartik Aaryan's Film Below Expectations With Rs 20 Crore |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/shehzada-box-office-collection-day-3-kartik-aaryans-film-below-expectations-with-rs-20-crore-3797579 |access-date=2023-03-09 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

==Plot==
Valmiki and Randeep start their careers as clerks in the company of Aditya Jindal. Randeep, who marries Jindal's daughter Yashoda "Yashu," becomes wealthy while Valmiki remains poor. On the day of the birth of both their children, Randeep's son appears to be dead. When nurse Sulochana informs Valmiki about this, he pities Randeep and offers to exchange his baby with the dead one since the Jindals have done so much for him.

However, after switching them, Randeep's child begins to cry, having not died after all. Valmiki, sensing that his son would have a better life growing up in a rich family, prevents Sulochana from switching the babies back and accidentally pushes her off a ledge. Sulochana goes into a coma, keeping Valmiki's secret from coming out.

25 years later, Raj, raised at Jindal's house, is timid and innocent, while Bantu, raised by Valmiki, is street-smart and outspoken. Valmiki, who favours his own son, Raj, treats Bantu badly. Bantu gets a job at a law firm headed by Samara, who is impressed by his knowledge and quick-wittedness. Meanwhile, Raj returns from his studies abroad. Jindal sends Raj to reject Sarang, a powerful man who offers to buy their company's shares but deals with drugs. Randeep watches the deal from a restaurant where Samara has a meeting. When the client misbehaves with Samara, Bantu interferes. Randeep is disappointed by Raj's inability to say no to Sarang but beams at Bantu and Samara when they defend themselves against the rowdy client. Following this, Raj becomes engaged to Samara but she and Bantu have fallen in love.

Sarang attempts to kill Randeep for getting in his way. Bantu saves Randeep; at the hospital, he meets Sulochana, who has come out of her coma. She reveals Bantu's true parentage before dying. Bantu denounces Valmiki as his father. Aditya Jindal, Bantu's true grandfather, is fond of Bantu for saving Randeep and hires him.

Bantu begins to address the issues plaguing the house by patching up Randeep relationship with Yashu, which has been strained since Randeep's affair seven years ago. He also settles the dispute with Sarang and reforms the corrupt family members, Kailash and Arun. He and Samara tell Raj about their relationship; Raj calls off his marriage with Samara and confronts his parents, telling them he should be allowed to make his own decisions rather than have everything handed to him. Sarang kidnaps Yashu and threatens to kill her unless Randeep gives him money.

Bantu saves Yashu. Jindal reveals that he knew all along who Bantu was, which is why he brought him home; he had overheard the conversation between Sulochana and Bantu right before her death. Bantu unites with Randeep but asks him not to reveal the truth to Yashu, fearing she might be disheartened to know that Raj, who she dotes on so much, is not her real child. Yashu remarks that Bantu is like her son, as he saved her and the family. Yashu asks Valmiki to train Raj to be as competent as Bantu and become the CEO of their company. Bantu forgives Valmiki and mends his relationship with him.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Kartik Aaryan]] as Bantu Nanda
* [[Kriti Sanon]] as Samara Singh, Bantu's love interest
* [[Paresh Rawal]] as Valmiki, Bantu's foster father and Raj's father
* [[Manisha Koirala]] as Yashoda "Yashu" Jindal Nanda, Bantu's biological mother and Raj's foster mother
* [[Ronit Roy]] as Randeep Nanda, Bantu's biological father and Raj's foster father
* [[Sachin Khedekar]] as Aditya Jindal, Bantu's grandfather
* [[Debattama Saha]] as Nisha, Bantu's foster sister and Raj's biological sister
* [[Ankur Rathee]] as Raj, Valmiki's biological son
* [[Rajpal Yadav]] as Inspector Satish Yadav, [[Delhi Police|DP]]
* [[Rakesh Bedi]] as Satyanarayan Singh, Samara's father
* [[Sunny Hinduja]] as Sarang Paul
* [[Vin Rana]] as Vikrant Paul, Sarang's brother
* [[Ashwin Mushran]] as Kailash Jindal
* [[Ali Asgar (actor)|Ali Asgar]] as Arun Jindal
* [[Shalini Kapoor Sagar]] as Aarti Jindal
* [[Aishwarya Narkar]] as Veena, Bantu's foster mother
* Sharvari Lohokare as Nurse Sulochana
}}

==Production==

The film was announced on 12 October 2021.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2022-04-09 |title=Shehzada: Kartik Aryan to Star in Hindi Remake of Allu Arjun's Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/shehzada-kartik-aryan-to-star-in-hindi-remake-of-allu-arjuns-ala-vaikunthapurramuloo-3960977.html |access-date=8 April 2022 |website=News 18}}</ref> Principal photography began on the next day i.e. 13 October 2021 in [[Mumbai]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2021-10-13 |title=Shehzada: Kartik Aaryan, Kriti Sanon reunite for Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo Hindi remake |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/hindi/news/2021/oct/13/shehzada-kartik-aaryan-kriti-sanon-reunite-for-ala-vaikunthapurramuloo-hindi-remake-27250.html |access-date=9 April 2022 |website=Cinema Express}}</ref> The next schedule took place in [[Delhi]].<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |date=2021-12-18 |title=Kartik Aaryan Says 'Dhuein Nikal Gaye' As He Shoots For Shehzada Amid Delhi Winters |url=https://www.india.com/entertainment/kartik-aaryan-says-dhuein-nikal-gaye-as-he-shoots-for-shehzada-amid-delhi-winters-5144680/ |access-date=9 April 2022 |website=India.com}}</ref> After many sequences were shot in [[Mauritius]], filming wrapped up on 10 January 2023.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=10 January 2023 |title=Kriti Sanon Wraps Shooting For Shehzada; Shares BTS Photos With Kartik Aaryan and Manisha Koirala |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/kriti-sanon-wraps-shooting-for-shehzada-shares-bts-photos-with-kartik-aaryan-and-manisha-koirala-6801949.html |access-date=10 January 2023 |website=News18}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=10 January 2023 |title=Kriti Sanon announces Shehzada wrap-up with Kartik Aaryan, shares celebratory pics from sets |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/kriti-sanon-announces-shehzada-wrap-up-with-kartik-aaryan-shares-celebratory-pics-from-sets-2319748-2023-01-10 |access-date=10 January 2023 |website=India Today}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Shehzada
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[Pritam]] and [[Abhijit Vaghani]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 28 February 2023<ref name="jiosaavn">{{Cite web |date=28 February 2023 |title=Shehzada – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/shehzada/Z0-cZFd,Ato_ |publisher=Jiosaavn}}</ref>
| recorded = 2022–2023
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 21:29
| language = Hindi
| label = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]
| producer = [[Bhushan Kumar]]
| misc = {{external music video| header = Official audio
| {{YouTube|DQl7PqJTJow|Shehzada - Full Album}}
}}
}}

All the songs are composed by [[Pritam]] while the song "Character Dheela 2.0" from the 2011 film [[Ready (2011 film)|''Ready'']] has been recreated by [[Abhijit Vaghani]] and Pritam. The lyrics are written by [[Kumaar]], [[Mayur Puri]], Shloke Lal and IP Singh. The background score was composed by [[Julius Packiam]].

The first single titled "Munda Sona Hoon Main" was released on 16 January 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2023 |title=Shehzada's Munda Sona Hoon Main: There is nothing beyond the picturesque location in this Kartik Aaryan and Kriti Sanon song |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/shehzada-song-munda-sona-hoon-main-kartik-aaryan-kriti-sanon-8385333/ |access-date=16 January 2023 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> The second single titled "Chedkhaniyan" was released on 24 January 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2023 |title=Shehzada's new song Chedkhaniyan is for Kartik Aaryan's dance fans. Watch video |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/kartik-aaryan-shehzada-song-chedkhaniyan-dance-fans-watch-video-8401836/ |access-date=24 January 2023 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> The third single titled "Mere Sawaal Ka" was released on 2 February 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2023 |title=Shehzada song Mere Sawaal Ka: Kartik Aaryan-Kriti Sanon share an easy chemistry in this song about first love |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/shehzada-song-mere-sawaal-ka-kartik-aaryan-kriti-sanon-romantic-video-watch-8419376/ |access-date=2 February 2023 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> The fourth single titled "Character Dheela 2.0" was released on 9 February 2023. The song, "Character Dheela 2.0", is a remix of the song "Character Dheela" from [[Salman Khan]]-starrer ''Ready''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 February 2023 |title=BREAKING: Kartik Aaryan's tribute to Salman Khan with 'Character Dheela Hai 2.0' to release on February 9 |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-kartik-aaryans-tribute-salman-khan-character-dheela-hai-2-0-release-february-9-2-pm/ |access-date=8 February 2023 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| all_music = [[Pritam]] except where noted.
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 21:29
| title1 = Munda Sona Hoon Main
| extra1 = [[Diljit Dosanjh]], [[Nikhita Gandhi]]
| lyrics1 = [[Kumaar]]
| length1 = 3:50
| title2 = Chedkhaniyan
| extra2 = [[Arijit Singh]], [[Nikhita Gandhi]]
| lyrics2 = Shloke Lal, IP Singh
| length2 = 3:51
| title3 = Mere Sawaal Ka
| extra3 = [[Shashwat Singh]], [[Shalmali Kholgade]]
| lyrics3 = Shloke Lal
| length3 = 4:15
| title4 = Character Dheela 2.0
| extra4 = [[Neeraj Shridhar]], Style Bai
| note4 = Recreated by [[Abhijit Vaghani]]
| lyrics4 = [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]], Ashish Pandit
| length4 = 2:37
| title5 = Shehzada Title Track
| extra5 = [[Sonu Nigam]]
| lyrics5 = [[Mayur Puri]]
| length5 = 3:47
| title6 = Mere Sawaal Ka
| extra6 = King
| note6 = King Version
| lyrics6 = Shloke Lal
| length6 = 3:09
}}

==Release==
=== Theatrical ===
''Shehzada'' was released on 17 February 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shehzada Movie Budget, Box Office, Cast, Release Date - Cinereveal |url=https://cinereveal.com/movie/shehzada-2023/ |access-date=2023-02-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> Initially the film was scheduled for theatrical release on 4 November 2022 but was delayed due to production.<ref name="release date">{{Cite web |date=13 October 2021 |title=Kartik Aaryan announces new film Shehzada with Kriti Sanon, to theatrically release on 04 November 2022, 2022 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/kartik-aaryan-announces-new-film-shehzada-with-kriti-sanon-to-release-on-nov-4-2022-1864241-2021-10-13 |access-date=13 October 2021 |website=IndiaToday}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite news |date=16 July 2022 |title=Kartik Aaryan's Shehzada to release in theatres on Feb 10, 2023. Actor shares his first look from film |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/kartik-aaryan-s-shehzada-to-release-in-theatres-on-feb-10-2023-actor-shares-his-first-look-from-film-1976337-2022-07-16 |access-date=16 July 2022 |work=[[India Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Shehzada Official Trailer - Kartik Aaryan, Kriti Sanon - Video Trailer - Bollywood Hungama |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/videos/movie-promos/shehzada-official-trailer-kartik-aaryan-kriti-sanon/ |access-date=13 January 2023 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Munda Sona Hoon Main (From 'Shehzada').Diljit Dosanjh & Nikhita Gandhi has sung this beautiful masterpiece |url=https://www.hungama.com/song/munda-sona-hoon-main-from-shehzada/99389360/ |access-date=17 January 2023 |website=Hungama Music}}</ref>

=== Home media ===
The digital streaming rights of the film were acquired by [[Netflix]] for ₹40 [[crore]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2023 |title=Understanding the Economics of the Kartik Aaryan starrer Shehzada and, how much the film needs to earn to make a profit |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/understanding-economics-kartik-aaryan-starrer-shehzada-much-film-needs-earn-make-profit/ |access-date=16 February 2023 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2023 |title=Shehzada OTT Rights: Kartik's film 'Shehzada' has already collected more than the budget before its release, know how much digital rights were sold |url=https://www.abplive.com/entertainment/ott/kartik-aaryan-film-shehzada-has-collected-more-than-the-budget-before-its-release-know-how-much-ott-rights-were-sold-2335751/ |access-date=16 February 2023 |website=[[ABP News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2023 |title=Shehzada OTT Rights: Karthik Aryan's 'Shehzada' rocked before release, film digital rights sold in crores! |url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/zee-hindustan/entertainment/karthik-aryan-shehzada-cost-recover-before-release-film-digital-rights-sold-in-big-amount/1574178/ |access-date=16 February 2023 |website=[[Zee News]]}}</ref> On the platform, the film premiered on 14 April 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shehzada on OTT: When and where to watch Kartik Aaryan and Kriti Sanon's action-comedy online |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/shehzada-on-ott-when-and-where-to-watch-kartik-aaryan-and-kriti-sanons-action-comedy-online/b407588ceb609 |access-date=13 April 2023 |website=ottplay.com}}</ref> Goldmines Telefilms who also previously dubbed and released ''[[Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo]]'' in Hindi bought the telecast rights and aired the film on their TV channel on 24 October 2023.

== Reception ==

=== Box office ===
{{As of|2023|03|17}}, the film has grossed {{INRConvert|38.33|c}} in India and {{INRConvert|9.1|c}} overseas for a worldwide gross collection of {{INRConvert|47.43|c}}.<ref name="bh" />

=== Critical response ===
''Shehzada'' received mixed reviews from critics.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Shehzada vs Ant-Man vs Pathaan box office and review: Which one to watch this weekend? |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/shehzada-vs-ant-man-vs-pathaan-box-office-review-11676701856201.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250216154242/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/shehzada-vs-ant-man-vs-pathaan-box-office-review-11676701856201.html |archive-date=16 February 2025 |access-date=16 February 2025 |work=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]] |quote=Shehzada has received mixed reviews upon its release.}}</ref>

[[Sukanya Verma]] of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' wrote: "Kartik's No Allu Arjun" and went ahead to add on that: "It's nearly not enough to make an already brainless movie a better one."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Sukanya |title=Shehzada Review: Kartik's No Allu Arjun |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/shehzada-review/20230217.htm |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=Rediff |language=en}}</ref> Rahul Desai in this review for [[Anupama Chopra|''Film Companion'']] wrote: "A Kartik Aaryan Entertainer that forgets to entertain"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desai |first=Rahul |title=Shehzada Review: A Kartik Aaryan Entertainer That Forgets to Entertain |url=https://twitter.com/FilmCompanion/status/1626560400681730048?s=20 |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=www.filmcompanion.in |language=en}}</ref> whereas another critic labelled Aaryan as a "Royal Bore" synonymous to the film title. Nandini Ramnath of ''[[Scroll.in]]'' stated: "Rehash of Telugu hit is catnip for Kartik Aaryan fans"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramnath |first=Nandini |date=17 February 2023 |title='Shehzada' review: Rehash of Telugu hit is catnip for Kartik Aaryan fans |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1044048/shehzada-review-rehash-of-telugu-hit-is-catnip-for-kartik-aaryan-fans |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}}</ref> Dhaval Roy of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave the film 3.5 stars out of 5, stating "With campy humour and action, this is just a mass entertainer".<ref>{{Cite news |title=Shehzada Movie Review : With campy humour and action, this is just a mass entertainer |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/shehzada/movie-review/98005961.cms |access-date=2023-02-19 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> [[Saibal Chatterjee]] of ''[[NDTV]]'' stated: "Take Kartik Aaryan Out, There Might Not Be Much Left. The obsolescence of the film's essence is difficult to shrug off."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shehzada Review: Take Kartik Aaryan Out, There Might Not Be Much Left |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/shehzada-review-take-kartik-aaryan-out-there-might-not-be-much-left-2-5-stars-3791189 |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

Shalini Langer of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' gave 0.5 out of 5 and stated: "Only Manisha Koirala and Ronit Roy come out of this Kartik Aaryan starrer with some dignity intact. That's more than can be said about the audience. It should be a crime to make such films in 21st century."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-17 |title=Shehzada movie review: It should be a crime to make such films in 21st century |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/shehzada-movie-review-crime-to-make-such-films-in-21st-century-8450839/ |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Ziniya Bandhyopadhyay wrote for ''[[India Today]]'' that the film was a disappointment of massive proportions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2023 |title=Shehzada Movie Review: Kartik Aaryan's film is a disappointment of massive proportions |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/shehzada-movie-review-kartik-aaryan-film-disappointment-of-massive-proportion-allu-arjun-2336056-2023-02-17 |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> ''India Today'' later included the film as one of the five worst Hindi films of 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |title='The Kerala Story' to 'Ganapath': Worst Hindi films of 2023 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/adah-sharmas-the-kerala-story-to-ganapath-salman-khan-worst-hindi-films-of-2023-yearender-2478284-2023-12-20 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220163025/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/adah-sharmas-the-kerala-story-to-ganapath-salman-khan-worst-hindi-films-of-2023-yearender-2478284-2023-12-20 |archive-date=20 February 2025 |access-date=20 February 2025 |work=[[India Today]]}}</ref> In his review for ''[[The Hindu]]'', Anuj wrote :Kartik Aaryan can't salvage this prince of pointless banter. It's the wrong vehicle to launch Kartik Aaryan into the universe of a mass entertainer.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Anuj |date=2023-02-17 |title='Shehzada' movie review: Kartik Aaryan can't salvage this prince of pointless banter |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/shehzada-movie-review-kartik-aaryan-cant-salvage-this-prince-of-pointless-banter/article66520509.ece |access-date=2023-02-19 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Pratyusha Mishra for ''[[The Quint]]'' called the film "A Royally Painful Massy Film"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mishra |first=Pratikshya |date=2023-02-17 |title='Shehzada' Review: Kartik Aaryan-starrer Is a Royally Painful Massy Film |url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/shehzada-full-movie-review-ala-vaikunthapurramuloo-remake-kartik-aaryan-kriti-sanon-allu-arjun |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=TheQuint |language=en}}</ref> At ''[[Firstpost]]'', Vinamra Mathur wrote: "The problem with the remake is it never earns the mood it wants to create."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-17 |title=Shehzada movie review: Kartik Aaryan has swag, but the film can't match up to Allu Arjun's original |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/shehzada-movie-review-kartik-aaryan-has-swag-but-the-film-cant-match-up-to-allu-arjuns-original-12168852.html |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref> Devesh Sharma of ''[[Filmfare]]'' opined: "Don't expect anything to make sense because it doesn't. The original was extremely loud and over the top, so the remake can hardly be less so."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shehzada Movie Review |url=https://www.filmfare.com/reviews/bollywood-movies/shehzada-movie-review-57013.html |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=filmfare.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-17 |title=Shehzada movie review: It should be a crime to make such films in 21st century |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/shehzada-movie-review-crime-to-make-such-films-in-21st-century-8450839/ |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|13130948}}
* [https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/shehzada-2/cast/ Shehzada] at [[Bollywood Hungama]]
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Nandurbar Lok Sabha constituency

2026-02-22T04:03:11Z

MarkKapoor:

{{short description|Lok Sabha constituency in Maharashtra}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2015}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Nandurbar
| type = LS
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Lok Sabha constituencies/2019/Maharashtra/Nandurbar.map}}
| map_caption =Map of Nandurbar Lok Sabha constituency
| map_alt = Map of Nandurbar Lok Sabha constituency
| state = [[Maharashtra]]
| established = 1952
| assembly_cons = [[Akkalkuwa Assembly constituency|Akkalkuwa]] [[Shahada Assembly constituency|Shahada]] [[Nandurbar Assembly constituency|Nandurbar]] [[Navapur Assembly constituency|Navapur]] [[Sakri Assembly constituency|Sakri]] [[Shirpur Assembly constituency|Shirpur]]
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
| reservation = ST
| incumbent_image =
| mp = [[Gowaal Kagada Padavi]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| electors =
| preceded_by = [[Heena Gavit]]
}}
'''Nandurbar''' is one of the 48 [[Lok Sabha]] (parliamentary) constituencies of [[Maharashtra]] state in western [[India]]. Presently, four of its Vidhan Sabha segments are located in [[Nandurbar district]], while the other two segments are located in [[Dhule district]].<ref name=acsnpcs>{{cite web|url=http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|title=District wise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website|access-date=7 September 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318055304/http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|archive-date=18 March 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Assembly segments==
Presently, after the implementation of the delimitation of the parliamentary constituencies in 2008, Nandurbar Lok Sabha constituency comprises six Vidhan Sabha segments. These segments are:<ref name="acsnpcs" />
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! Name
! District
! Member
! colspan="2" | Party
! colspan=2 |Leading {{small|(in 2024)}}
|-
| 1
| [[Akkalkuwa Assembly constituency|Akkalkuwa]] (ST)
| rowspan="4" |[[Nandurbar district|Nandurbar]]
| [[Aamshya Padavi]]
|{{party name with color|Shiv Sena (2022–present)}}
|{{party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 2
| [[Shahada Assembly constituency|Shahada]] (ST)
| [[Rajesh Padvi]]
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 3
| [[Nandurbar Assembly constituency|Nandurbar]] (ST)
| [[Vijaykumar Krishnarao Gavit|Vijaykumar Gavit]]
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 4
| [[Navapur Assembly constituency|Navapur]] (ST)
| [[Shirishkumar Surupsing Naik|Shirishkumar Naik]]
|{{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|{{party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 5
| [[Sakri Assembly constituency|Sakri]] (ST)
| rowspan="2" |[[Dhule district|Dhule]]
| [[Manjula Gavit]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Shiv Sena (2022–present)}}" |
|[[Shiv Sena (2022–present)|SHS]]
|-
| 9
| [[Shirpur Assembly constituency|Shirpur]] (ST)
| [[Kashiram Vechan Pawara|Kashiram Pawara]]
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}
Before the [[Electoral boundary delimitation|delimitation]], Nandurbar Lok Sabha constituency comprised the following six [[Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) segments:
# Nawapur
# Nandurbar
# Talode
# Akrani
# Shahade
# Shirpur

==Members of Parliament==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Member
! colspan="2"|Party
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[1951–52 Indian general election|1952]]
|Shaligram Bharatiya
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=7}}
|-
|Jayantrao Natwadakar
|-
|[[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Laxman Vedu Valvi|Laxman Valvi]]
|-
|[[1962 Indian general election|1962]]
|-
|[[1967 Indian general election|1967]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Tukaram Huraji Gavit|Tukaram Gavit]]
|-
|[[1971 Indian general election|1971]]
|-
|[[1977 Indian general election|1977]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Surupsingh Hirya Naik]]
|-
|[[1980 Indian general election|1980]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress |rowspan=10}}
|-
|1981^
| rowspan="9" |[[Manikrao Hodlya Gavit|Manikrao Gavit]]

|-
|[[1984 Indian general election|1984]]
|-
|[[1989 Indian general election|1989]]
|-
|[[1991 Indian general election|1991]]
|-
|[[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
|-
|[[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
|-
|[[1999 Indian general election|1999]]
|-
|[[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
|-
|[[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|-
|[[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
| rowspan=2 |[[Heena Gavit]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
|-
|[[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
| [[Gowaal Kagada Padavi]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}
^ denotes by-poll

==Election results==
===2024===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Indian general elections]]: Nandurbar}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Gowaal Kagada Padavi]]
|votes = 7,45,998
|percentage = 53.53
|change = {{increase}}11.13
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Heena Gavit]]
|votes = 5,86,878
|percentage = 42.11
|change = {{decrease}}7.75
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = NOTA
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]
|votes = 14,123
|percentage = 1.01
|change ={{down}}0.70
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,59,120
|percentage = 11.42
|change ={{up}}3.96
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes =13,93,669
|percentage =70.68
|change ={{increase}}2.03
}}

{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser = Bhartiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2019 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Indian general elections]]: [[Nandurbar]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Heena Gavit|Dr. Heena Vijaykumar Gavit]]
|votes = 6,39,136
|percentage = 49.86
|change = {{decrease}}2.03
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Kagda. C. Padavi
|votes = 5,43,507
|percentage = 42.40
|change = {{increase}}0.80
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Vanchit Bahujan Aghadi
|candidate = Anturlikar Sushil Suresh
|votes = 25,702
|percentage = 2.01
|change = ''New''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Dr. Suhas Natawadkar
|votes = 13,722
|percentage = 1.08
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]
|votes = 21,925
|percentage = 1.71
|change = {{decrease}}0.18
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 95,629
|percentage = 7.46
|change = {{decrease}}2.11
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 12,84,546
|percentage = 68.65
|change = {{increase}}1.88
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General elections 2014===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Indian general elections]]: [[Nandurbar]]<ref name=web-arch-ls2014-mh-nandurbar>{{cite web|title=GENERAL ELECTION TO LOK SABHA TRENDS & RESULT 2014 -Nandurbar |url=http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS131.htm?ac=1 |access-date=6 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606002641/http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS131.htm?ac=1 |archive-date=6 June 2014 }}</ref><ref name=web-arch-ls2014-mh>{{cite web|title=GENERAL ELECTION TO LOK SABHA TRENDS & RESULT 2014 -MH |url=http://eciresults.nic.in/statewiseS13.htm?st=S13 |access-date=27 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527110914/http://eciresults.nic.in/statewiseS13.htm?st=S13 |archive-date=27 May 2014 }}</ref><ref name=web-arch-turnout>{{cite web|title=Parliamentary Constituency wise Turnout for General Election - 2014 |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/GE2014/PC_WISE_TURNOUT.htm |publisher=ECI New Delhi |access-date=6 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606003137/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/GE2014/PC_WISE_TURNOUT.htm |archive-date=6 June 2014 }}</ref> }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Heena Gavit|Dr. Heena Gavit]]
|votes = 5,79,486
|percentage = 51.89
|change = {{increase}}26.31
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Manikrao Hodlya Gavit|Manikrao Gavit]]
|votes = 4,72,581
|percentage = 42.32
|change = {{increase}}6.31
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Adv. Vasave Amit Sheklal
|votes = 12,133
|percentage = 1.08
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Adv.Sobji Devalya Gavit
|votes = 9,184
|percentage = 0.82
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = C.S.Valvi
|votes = 6,004
|percentage = 0.54
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh
|candidate = Arjunsingh Divansingh Vasave
|votes = 4,712
|percentage = 0.42
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Mahesh Jaysing Pawara
|votes = 4,389
|percentage = 0.39
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Aam Aadmi Party
|candidate = Virendra Ravaji Valvi
|votes = 3,511
|percentage = 0.31
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bahujan Mukti Party
|candidate = Ranjit Jugla Padvi
|votes = 3,498
|percentage = 0.31
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]
|votes = 21,178
|percentage = 1.89
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,06,905
|percentage = 9.57
|change = {{increase}}4.24
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 11,17,024
|percentage = 66.77
|change = {{increase}}14.13
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing = {{increase}}26.31
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General elections 2009===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections]]: [[Nandurbar]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Manikrao Hodlya Gavit|Manikrao Gavit]]
|votes = 2,75,936
|percentage = 36.01
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Samajwadi Party
|candidate = Sharad Gavit
|votes = 2,35,093
|percentage = 30.68
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Suhas Natawadkar
|votes = 1,95,987
|percentage = 25.58
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 40,843
|percentage = 5.33
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 7,66,240
|percentage = 52.64
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1981 by-poll===
In 1981, a bye-election was held in for the Nandurbar seat due to the resignation of the sitting MP, S.S. Naik. The election was won by the INC candidate [[Manikrao Hodlya Gavit]] with 188550 votes, while the runner-up was A.S.F. Jadhav of [[Janata Party]] with 61157 votes.<ref>{{cite web|title=Details of Bye Elections from 1952 to 1995 |url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ByeElection/Bye-ele-results52-95.xlsx |publisher=ECI, New Delhi |accessdate=13 September 2017}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Nandurbar district]]
* [[Dhule district]]
* [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://indiaelection.github.io/indiaelections2014info/parliament/2019/states/maharashtra/nandurbar/lok_sabha_parliamentary_election_2019_results.html Nandurbar lok sabha constituency election 2019 results details]

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Maharashtra}}
{{coords|21.4|74.2|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nandurbar Lok Sabha constituency}}
[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Nandurbar district]]
[[Category:Dhule district]]

Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School

2026-02-21T09:01:30Z

MarkKapoor: created new article

{{short description|Co-educational higher secondary school in Goa, India}}
{{Infobox school
| name = Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School
| logo = Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School logo.png
| logo_size = 150px
| motto = Educate & Illuminate
| postal_code = 403715
| patron = [[Our Lady of Hope]]{{efn|the school's patron is Our Lady of Hope, since its parent church is Our Lady of Hope Church, Chinchinim as per [http://goanchurches.info/institution/mount-mary-higher-secondary-school-chinchinim-goa/]}}
| religious_affiliation = [[Catholicism]]
| school_code = 30020106006{{efn|Unified District Information System for Education (UDISE) code}}
| feeder_to = Mount Mary's High School, Chinchinim, Goa, India
| classes_offered = {{hlist|Science|Commerce|[[Arts in education|Arts]]|[[Vocational education in India|Vocational]] (CRM){{efn|stands for [[catering]] and [[restaurant management]].}}}}
| denomination = [[Jesuits]]
| grades = [[11th grade|11th]] to [[12th grade|12th]]
| staff = 37
| age_range = 16–18
| type = [[Unaided educational institution|Private aided]] higher secondary school
| language = English
| campus_type = Rural
| image = Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School.jpg
| caption = [[Façade]] of the school, 2020
| gender = [[Co-educational]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|15.212068|73.978441|display=inline,title}}
| teaching_staff = 26
| location = Behind Our Lady of Hope Church, [[Chinchinim]], [[Goa]], India
| established = {{start date and age|1996}}
| school_board = Goa Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education, [[Porvorim]]
| sports = [[Association football|Football]]
| website = {{URL|mountmaryhss.com}}
| chair = Fr. Alex John D’souza
| chair_label = Manager
| principal = Melba Vas
| affiliations = {{flatlist|
* [[Goa Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education]]
* Department of Education, Goa}}
| lastupdate = 30 July 2023
}}

'''Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School''' is a [[Unaided educational institution|private aided]] co-educational [[higher secondary school]] located within [[Chinchinim]] in the Indian coastal state of [[Goa]]. It was established in 1996 and is affiliated to Department of Education, Goa and [[Goa Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=MOUNT MARY'S HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL - Chinchinm, District South Goa (Goa) |url=https://schools.org.in/south-goa/30020106006/mount-mary-s-higher-secondary-school.html |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=schools.org.in |language=en}}</ref> The school also serves as a sub-centre of the [[Navelim]] main centre in the [[HSSC]] exams.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HSSC 1st term exams seating arrangements |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/HSSC-1st-term-exams-seating-arrangements/196215 |access-date=2022-12-24 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

==Key people==

===Managers===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Ordinal
! Officeholder
! Term start
! Term end
! Time in office
|-
| 1
| Fr. Antonio Francisco de Santa Rita Ataide<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015–2018 |title=Fr Antonio Francisco de Santa Rita Ataide Priest details |url=https://goanchurches.info/priests/fr-antonio-francisco-de-santa-rita-ataide-2/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=goanchurches.info}}</ref>
| 1 June 1996
| 1 June 1998
| 2 years
|-
| 2
| Fr. Jorge Pazzi Fernandes<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015–2018 |title=Fr Jorge Pazzi Fernandes Priest details |url=https://goanchurches.info/priests/fr-jorge-pazzi-fernandes/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=goanchurches.info}}</ref>
| 1 January 1998
| 1 January 2005
| 7 years
|-
| 3
| Fr. Geraldo Aleixo Antonio da Costa<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015–2018 |title=Fr Geraldo Aleixo Antonio da Costa Priest details |url=https://goanchurches.info/priests/fr-geraldo-aleixo-antonio-da-costa/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=goanchurches.info}}</ref>
| 1 January 2005
| 1 June 2007
| 2 years and 5 months
|-
| 4
| Fr. J Armando A C da Gama e Souza<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015–2018 |title=Fr J Armando A C da Gama e Souza Priest details |url=https://goanchurches.info/priests/fr-j-armando-a-c-da-gama-e-souza/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=goanchurches.info}}</ref>
| 1 June 2007
| ??
| ??
|-
| 5
| Fr. Jose Antonio da Costa<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School – Page 3 – of Arts, Science, Commerce & Vocational (CRM), Chinchinim, Salcete Goa. |url=http://mountmaryhss.com/web/page/3/ |access-date=2022-12-24 |language=en-US}}</ref>
| 1 June 2014<ref>{{Cite web |title=Transfer of priests announced |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/The-Sunday-Roundtable/transfer-of-priests-announced/65007 |access-date=2022-12-26 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>{{efn|announcement was made in the month of May, the term of catholic priests usually start in June as it did in this case.}}
| 9 May 2021<ref>{{Cite web |title=Priestly Appointments – Goa DCSCM |url=http://archgoadaman.com/priestly-appointments/ |access-date=2022-12-25 |language=en-US}}</ref>
| 6 years 11 months 9 days
|-
| 6
| Fr. Alex John D’souza
| 9 May 2021
| ''incumbent''
| 2 years and counting
|}

===Principals===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Ordinal
! Officeholder
! Term start
! Term end
! Time in office
|-
| 1
| Trevor Vaz Barretto<ref>{{Cite web |title=mountadmin – Page 2 – Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School |url=http://mountmaryhss.com/web/author/mountadmin/page/2/ |access-date=2022-12-25 |language=en-US}}</ref>
| 15 May 2013
| 3 January 2022
| 8 years, 7 months and 20 days
|-
| 2
| Melba Vas
| ??
| ''incumbent''
| ??
|}

==Infrastructure==
On 2 February 2019, South [[Zilla Panchayat]] proposed works of over {{INRConvert|2|c|year=2019}} to build infrastructure and improve the condition of education institutes in the [[district]] that included [[government schools]], aided schools and private schools. Out of which {{INRConvert|588892|year=2019}} was sanctioned to build a [[badminton court]] for Ameya Higher Secondary School, Curti and to construct a [[retaining wall]] at Mount Mary Higher Secondary School.<ref>{{Cite web |title=South ZP create infra worth ' 2 cr for schools and clubs |url=http://www.heraldgoa.in/m/details.php?n_id=142124 |access-date=2022-12-24 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

==Sports==
The school competes at inter-school, taluka and state level [[association football|football]] competitions. On 16 August 2013, Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School beat Bethany Convent High School, [[Sao Jose de Areal]] by a 4–2 victory via a tie-breaker to qualify in the second round of [[Salcete]] Taluka under-17 Subroto Mukherjee inter-school football tournament at Carmel college ground, [[Nuvem]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mt Mary oust Bethany |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/mt-mary-oust-bethany/68480 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

On 12 July 2014, Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School defeated [[St. Xavier's High School, Velim, Goa|St. Xavier's High School]] by a 3–1 victory via a tie-breaker in the Salcete Taluka under-17 Subroto Mukerjee inter-school football tournament which was organized by Directorate of Sports And Youth Affairs (DYSA) at Mandopa ground, [[Navelim]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Subroto Mukerjee football kicks-off in Salcete |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/Subroto-Mukerjee-football-kicksoff-in-Salcete/75678 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref> The tournament was participated by over 35 schools and higher secondary schools from all over the state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U-17 Salcete Subroto football from today |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/U17-Salcete-Subroto-football-from-today/75542 |access-date=2022-12-25 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

On 2 October 2014, Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School were among the 8 schools that managed to win two out of their three games in the under-19 all-Goa inter-higher secondary school football league, organized by DSYA in association with [[Goa Football Association]] and Goa Football Development Council. They also managed to tie against Gauncar Higher Secondary School, [[Raia, Goa|Raia]] in a goalless match.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pope John in top position |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/Pope-John-in-top-position/79238 |access-date=2022-12-24 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref> The tournament ended with Alston Mendes being the highest scorer of the tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Agnel Pilar, Carmel eves emerge champions |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/Fr-Agnel-Pilar-Carmel-eves-emerge-champions/81126 |access-date=2022-12-26 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

On 17 December 2015, Mount Mary's Higher Secondary and High School, Chinchinim organised the match to commemorate and honour St.Joseph Vaz between Rosary High School, Navelim and St.Xaviers High School, Velim where the latter lost by a 2–1 defeat in All Goa Inter-School Under 17 Invitational Football Tournament held at [[Chinchinim]] Church ground.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saheel nods Rosary HS to win over St Xaviers HS Velim |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/Saheel-nods-Rosary-HS-to-win-over-St-Xaviers-HS-Velim/96868 |access-date=2022-12-24 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

On 19 December 2015, Mount Mary's Higher Secondary and High School, Chinchinim organised the quarter-finals qualifying match between Our Lady of Health High School, [[Cuncolim]] and Our Lady of Rosary's High School, [[Fatorda]] where the latter lost by a 6–0 defeat in the St Joseph Vaz Cup 2015-16 held at Chinchinim Church ground.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Lady of Health HS storm into quarters |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/Our-Lady-of-Health-HS-storm-into-quarters/96967 |access-date=2022-12-22 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

On 3 May 2017, Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School lost to Rosary Higher Secondary School, Navelim by a 3–2 defeat in the OORJA-CAPFs U-19 Football Talent Hunt Tournament in the girls’ category.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rosary HSS, KV Vasco score narrow wins |url=http://www.heraldgoa.in/m/details.php?n_id=114682 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

On 20 July 2017, Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School lost to Our Lady of Succor High School, Nagoa-Verna by a 6–4 defeat via a [[tie-breaker]] in the Subroto Mukherjee Cup U-17 football tournament, organised at the Astro turf ground, Fatorda.<ref>{{Cite web |title=OL Succor HS pip Mount Mary's HSS; Auxilium HS down AIM Rumdamol |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Sports/OL-Succor-HS-pip-Mount-Mary%E2%80%99s-HSS-Auxilium-HS-down-AIM-Rumdamol/117828 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

On 10 October 2017, Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School lost to Rosary Higher Secondary School, Navelim by a 6–0 defeat in the senior boys league match of the Reliance Foundation Youth Sports football tournament, at the [[Ambelim]] football ground.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rosary HSS thrash Mount Mary HSS; St Xavier's fight back in 10-goal thriller |url=http://www.heraldgoa.in/m/details.php?n_id=121089 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

On 16 August 2019, Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School beat Navy Children Higher Secondary School, [[Vasco da Gama, Goa|Vasco]] by a 3–0 victory of the U-19 boys zone inter-higher secondary school football tournament, which was organised by DSYA, at Astroturf ground, Fatorda.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=N. T. |title=Kamakshi, Mount Mary's move ahead – The Navhind Times |date=16 August 2019 |url=https://www.navhindtimes.in/2019/08/16/sports/kamakshi-mount-marys-move-ahead/ |access-date=2022-12-27 |language=en-US}}</ref> On 27 August 2019, they lost to Fr Agnel Higher Secondary School, [[Verna, Goa|Verna]] by a 2–0 defeat in the pre-quarter finals match.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fr Agnel HSS score fluent win over Mount Mary's HSS |url=http://www.heraldgoa.in/m/details.php?n_id=150517 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

==Co-curricular activities==
[[File:Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School, CRM Students 2020.jpg|thumb|11th grade vocational students during practicals at the laboratory, 2019]]
On 7 August 2014, the school organised a [[multilingual]] singing competition (English, [[Konkani language|Konkani]] and [[Hindi]]), judged by Agustinho Themudo, Rohan Goes and Ms Wahida.<ref>{{Cite web |title=News popup |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/News-popup/76832 |access-date=2022-12-25 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

[[File:Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School, Goa.jpg|thumb|11th grade vocational students during inter-class skit competition, 2019]]
On 12 August 2017, the school organised a [[Van Mahotsav]] programme which was participated by [[Goa Forward Party]] leader and then-[[Goa Legislative Assembly]] cabinet minister, [[Vijai Sardesai]] in the presence of then-[[parish priest]], Fr. Jose Antonio da Costa. Sardesai recommended that an unutilised agriculture farm could be used to promote [[floriculture]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=To each his own is the mantra of Goa's MLAs as politics becomes solely about self, not parties |url=http://www.heraldgoa.in/m/details.php?n_id=118850 |access-date=2022-12-26 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

==Alumni achievements==
On 16 May 2016, Muhammad Arafat Shaik died from [[drowning]] in the river along with [[councillor]] of [[Margao]] Municipal Council, Ashlesha Naik in the [[Khandepar]] river at [[Vagurbem]]-Sonarbag. He had stood first in the state by securing 92.6% in the [[Vocational education in India|vocational stream]] ([[catering]] and [[restaurant management]] course) at the [[Higher Secondary School Certificate]] (HSSC) exams. Shaik was the son of Mount Mary's Higher Secondary School [[faculty member]], Sadika M. Ali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Drowned Arafat, tops HSSC vocal stream |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/Drowned-Arafat-tops-HSSC-vocal-stream/101991 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

In 2020 HSSC exams, Sarah Liza Fernandes topped in Secretarial Practice in the state by securing 99% marks.<ref>{{Cite book |last=SANGATI |first=SHREE |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N-aYEAAAQBAJ&dq=Mount+Mary%27s+Higher+Secondary+School+Chinchinim&pg=PA6 |title=Rajhauns XII BANKING RPS 2023 (I ST TERM): Online Edition |date=2022-11-01 |publisher=Rajhauns Sankalpana Pvt Ltd |language=en}}</ref>

==2021 Arson==
On 20 February 2021, the then-principal of the school, Trevor Vaz Barretto's [[Vehicle fire|car was set on fire]] at around 2:50 am, he alleged that four [[miscreants]] came on two [[motorcycles]] and set the fire with an explosive substance.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=One held for setting fire to school principal's car |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/One-held-for-setting-fire-to-school-principal%E2%80%99s-car/171409 |access-date=2022-12-22 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

On 24 February 2021, [[Fatorda]] police arrested a Multi Tasking Staff (MTS) member of the same school as a [[suspect]] in the case of setting fire to the vehicle. The police inspector incharge, Kapil Nayak later confirmed that there was no explosive substance used in this case, on the basis of a [[CCTV]] footage. Nayak further stated that there was no lead about the other individuals involved since the suspect didn't buldge any details. The [[Fire Department]] later concluded the investigation stating that it was a [[short circuit]] and not an attempt.<ref name=":0" />

On 3 May 2021, the Higher Secondary Principals' Forum (HSPF) wrote a letter to the [[Superintendent of police (India)|Superintendent of Police]], [[South Goa]] (SP) pleading to take strict action against the culprits for setting on fire of Barretto's car. The forum president, Damodar Panchwadkar and executive members, Walter Cabral and Bruno Carvalho met the SP to discuss about the case. They also alleged that the police force had taken the issue for "granted" and to date no strict action has been taken against the culprits involved in the act. SP Pankaj Kumar Gupta, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]], assured the principals that the individuals responsible for the crime are brought to light.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Forum for action against persons for setting principal's car on fire |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/Forum-for-action-against-persons-for-setting-principal%E2%80%99s-car-on-fire/171723 |access-date=2022-12-22 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

==Notable alumni==
* [[Jr. Selvy]], Indian comedian and actor<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bringing joy through laughter on stage |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Cafe/Bringing-joy-through-laughter-on-stage/221752 |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

==See also==
{{portal|Schools|Catholicism|India}}
* [[List of schools in Goa]]
* [[Education in Goa]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}



{{authority control}}

[[Category:1996 establishments in Goa]]
[[Category:Private schools in Goa]]
[[Category:Education in South Goa district]]
[[Category:High schools and secondary schools in Goa]]
[[Category:Catholic schools in India]]

Upanayana

2026-02-17T12:06:18Z

MarkKapoor: revised

{{Short description|Hindu rite of passage}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
[[File:A yagyopaveet sanskar upanayana samskara in Nepal.jpg|thumb|The Upanayana ceremony in progress in [[Nepal]]. Traditionally, this ritual was for 7, 9, and 11 year olds in South Asia, but is now practiced for all ages as seen above.{{Sfn|Coward|Cook|1996|p=67}}]]

'''''Upanayana''''' ({{langx|sa|उपनयन|translit=upanayana|translit-std=IAST|lit=initiation}}{{efn-la|According to the given community and its regional language, it is also known by numerous terms such as ''mekhal'' in Kashmiri ({{lang|kas|मेखल}}), ''janeo'' in Punjabi ({{lang|pan|ਜਨੇਓ}}), ''upnen/upvit'' in Rajasthani (उपनेन/उपवीत), ''jānoi'' in Gujrati (જાનોઇ), ''janya'' in Sindhi (जन्य), ''janev'' in Bhojpuri (जनेव), ''munja'' in Marathi (मुंजा), ''munji'' in Konkani (मुंजी), ''poite'' in Bangla (পৈতৈ), ''brataghara'' in Odia (ବ୍ରତଘର), ''logun dioni'' in Assamese (লগুণ দিওনী), ''bratabandha'' in Nepali (ब्रतबन्ध), ''chewar'' in Newari (छेवार), ''upanayana'' in Kannada (ಉಪನಯನ), ''upanayanamu'' in Telugu (ఉపనయనము), ''upanayanam'' in Malayalam (ഉപനയനം), and ''upanayanam'' or ''pūṇūl'' in Tamil (உபநயனம் or பூணூல்).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Shashishekhar Toshkhani: The Literary Works |url=https://www.ikashmir.net/sstoshkhani/mekhal.html |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=www.ikashmir.net}}</ref>}}) is a [[Hindus|Hindu]] educational sacrament,{{Sfn|Kanitkar|Cole|2010|p=4}} one of the traditional [[Samskara (rite of passage)|saṃskāra]]s or rites of passage that marked the acceptance of a student by a [[preceptor]], such as a ''[[guru]]'' or ''[[acharya]]'', and an individual's initiation into a school in [[Hinduism]]. Some traditions consider the ceremony as a spiritual rebirth for the child or future ''[[dvija]]'', twice born. It signifies the acquisition of the knowledge of and the start of a new and disciplined life as a [[brahmacharya|brahmāchārya]]. The Upanayanam ceremony is arguably the most important rite for [[Brahmin|Brāhmaṇa]], [[Kshatriya|Kṣatriya]], and [[Vaishya|Vaiśya]] males, ensuring their rights with responsibilities and signifying their advent into adulthood.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Carstairs |first1=G. Morris |author-link=Morris Carstairs |last2=Kapur |first2=Ravi L. |date=1976 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d3WH9Tf_uWoC&dq=upanayanam+brahmin&pg=PA49 |title=The Great Universe of Kota: Stress, Change, and Mental Disorder in an Indian Village |publisher=University of California Press |pages=49 |isbn=978-0-520-03024-4 |language=en}}</ref>

The tradition is widely discussed in ancient [[Sanskrit|Samskṛta]] texts of Hinduism and varies regionally.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=268–287}} The sacred thread or yajñopavīta (also referred to as ''Janeu'', ''Jandhyam'', ''Pūṇūl'', ''Muñja'', and ''Janivara''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sastry |first=C. V. |date=2022-01-25 |title=Rituals & Practices of Hinduism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZqxaEAAAQBAJ&dq=poonal+janeu&pg=PT1 |publisher=Zorba Books |isbn=978-93-93029-12-6}}</ref> Yonya<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yonya (Janeu Holy Thread) |url=https://www.kashmiribazaar.in/kashmiri-yagyopavit-yonya-janeu-holy-thread |website=www.kashmiribazaar.in |access-date=2023-02-07}}</ref>) has become one of the most important identifiers of the ''Upanayana'' ceremony in contemporary times, however this was not always the case.{{Sfn|Ambedkar|1947|p=158}} Typically, this ceremony should be performed before the advent of adulthood.

==Etymology==
According to the given community and its regional language, it is also known by numerous terms such as:

* upanayanam in [[Sanskrit|Saṃskṛtam]] (उपनयनम्)
* mekhal in [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] (मेखल/میکھَل)
* janeo in [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (ਜਨੇਓ)
* upnen/upvit in [[Rajasthani language|Rajasthani]] (उपनेन/उपवीत)
* jānoi in [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] (જાનોઇ)
* janya in [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] (जन्य)
* janev in [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] (जनेव)
* upnæn in [[Maithili language|Maithili ]] (উপনৈন)
* munja in [[Marathi language|Marathi]] (मुंज)
* munji in [[Konkani language|Konkani]] (मुंजी)
* poite in [[Bangla language|Bangla]] (পৈতে)
* brataghara/baṛughara in [[Odia language|Odia]] (ବ୍ରତଘର/ବଡ଼ୁଘର)
* logun dioni in [[Assamese language|Assamese]] (লগুণ দিওনী)
* bratabandha in [[Nepali language|Nepali]] (ब्रतबन्ध)
* chhewar in [[Newari language|Newari]] (छेवार)
* upanayana in [[Kannada]] (ಉಪನಯನ)
* upanayanamu/odugu in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] (ఉపనయనము/ఒడుగు)
* upanayanam in [[Malayalam]] (ഉപനയനം)
* upanayanam or pūṇūl in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] (உபநயனம் or பூணூல்).

=== ''Upanayana'' ===
''Upanayana'' literally means "the act of leading to or near, bringing", "introduction (into any science)" or "initiation" (as elucidated by [[Monier Monier-Williams|Monier-Williams]]).<ref name="mmwupa" /> Upanayana is formed from the root √''nī'' meaning 'to lead'. ''Nayana'' is a noun formed from the root √''nī'' meaning 'leading to'. The prefix ''upa'' means 'near'. With the prefix the full literal meaning becomes 'leading near (to)'.{{Sfn|Deshpande|1936|p=159}} The initiation or rite of passage ceremony in which the sacred thread is given symbolizes the child drawn towards a school, towards education, by the guru or teacher.<ref name="mmwupa">[[Monier Monier-Williams|Monier-Williams]] (1899) "[https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/2020/web/webtc2/index.php upanayana]" in ''Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary, 1899''. Via Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries. At Institute of Indology and Tamil Studies, University of Cologne, Germany. pp. [https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/csl-apidev/servepdf.php?dict=MW&page=201 201] (print edition).</ref> The student was being taken to the Gods and a disciplined life.{{Sfn|Gharpure|1956|p=71}}{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|p=275}} As explained by [[Pandurang Vaman Kane|PV Kane]], taking (the child) near the acarya (for instruction), or alternately "introducing to studenthood".{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=268-269}} It is a ceremony in which a teacher accepts and draws a child towards knowledge and initiates the second birth that is of the young mind and spirit.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=268–287}}

=== Variations ===
A popular variation is ''Mauñjibandhana'', derived from two words [[Munjya|muñja]], a type of grass, and ''bandhana'' which means to tie or bind.{{Sfn|Gharpure|1956|p=70}} The munja grass is tied around the waist.{{Sfn|Gharpure|1956|p=70}} This word was used by [[Manusmriti|Manu]].{{Sfn|Deshpande|1936|p=9}} Another variation is ''vratabandha(na)'' meaning "binding to an observance".{{Sfn|Zotter|2010|p=17}} The word ''janeu'' is a condensed version of ''yagyopaveeta''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dwivedi |first=Bhojraj |title=Religious Basis of Hindu Beliefs |publisher=Diamond Pocket Books |year=2014 |isbn=9789351650928}}</ref> The ceremony is also known as ''punal kalyanam'' (meaning auspicious thread ceremony){{Sfn|Coward|Cook|1996|p=71}} and ''Brahmopadeśa''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Harshananda |first=Swami |title=Upanayana Sandhyavandana And Gayatrimantrajapa |publisher=Ramakrishna Mission |isbn=978-81-7823-453-3}}</ref>

=== ''Yajnopavita'' ===
The sacred thread or upper garment is called the ''yajñopavīta'' ({{langx|sa|यज्ञोपवीतम्|translit=yajñopavītam}}), used as an adjective, which is derived from the terms ''[[yajna|yajña]]'' (sacrifice) and ''upavīta'' (worn)''.''{{Sfn|Ambedkar|1947|p=159|loc="How did this Yajnopavita come in? Mr. Tilak offers an explanation (in ''The Orion, Or, Researches into the Antiquity of the Vedas'' by Bal Gangadhar Tilak dated 1893)... The word yajnopavita is derived by all native scholars from Yajna + Upavita; but there is a difference of opinion as to whether we should understand the compound to mean an upavita for yajna i.e. for sacrificial purposes, or, whether it is the 'upavita of Yajnas.' The former is not incorrect, but authority is in favour of the latter. Thus the Prayoga-writers quote a smriti to the effect that 'the High Soul is termed Yajna by the hotris, this is his upavita; therefore it is yajna-upavita.' [...] This explanation by Mr. Tilak is no doubt very interesting. But it does not help to explain some of the difficulties."}}{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|pp=294, 297}} The literal meaning would then become "something worn on the body for the sacrifice".{{Sfn|Deshpande|1936|p=161}} Accoutrements offered along with the ''yajnopavita'' may include be a ''daṇḍa'' (staff) and a ''mekhala'' (girdle).{{Sfn|Kane|1941|p=279-287}}

==Description==
[[File:Upanayanam.jpg|thumb|right|A boy from [[South India]] during his upanayana ritual. The thin, yellow yajnopavita thread runs from left shoulder to waist. Note the [[Sugarcane|muñja grass]] girdle around the waist. The [[Sacred Fig|peepal tree]] twig in his right hand marks his entry into the [[Brahmacarya|Brahmacharya]] stage of life.]]

=== Background ===
The earliest form of this saṁskāra, whose name there are no records of, may have been to mark the acceptance of a person into a particular community.{{Sfn|Deshpande|1936|p=9}} Indologically, the ritual is present in the [[Kalpa (Vedanga)#Smarta Sutras|Gṛhyasūtras]] and [[Dharmaśāstra#The Dharmasutras|Dharmasūtras]] and ''[[Dharmaśāstra]]s'', as well as a couple of times in the [[Samhita|''Saṃhitās'']].{{Sfn|Zotter|2010|p=17}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=upanayana |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803114817500 |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=Oxford Reference |publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=}}</ref>

Educational courses or training has been referred to in the ''[[Chandogya Upanishad|Chandogya Upaniṣad]]''{{Efn|The story of [[Uddālaka Āruṇi]] and [[Śvetaketu]]}} and in the ''[[Yājñavalkya Smṛti]]''; Gharpure writes that during the [[Smriti|Smṛti period]], Upanayana may have attained a permanent fixture if the life of students to be as compared to being optional before.{{Sfn|Gharpure|1956|p=71}}

In the ''[[Atharvaveda]]'', and later in the [[Sutra#History|Sutras period]], the word ''upanayana'' meant taking responsibility of a student, the beginning of an education, a student's initiation into "studentship" and the acceptance of the student by the teacher.{{Sfn|Pandey|2013|p=115}} [[Preceptor]]s could include a [[guru]], [[acharya|ācharya]], upādhyāya, and ṛtvik.{{Sfn|Gharpure|1956|p=71, 74|loc='''Preceptors Classified'''. "He who gives the Vedas is called the Guru; one who performs the Upanayana and gives the Vedas is called the Acharya; one who teaches a portion is an Upadhyaya; and one who performs tho sacrifices is called the Rtvik; those are entitled to respect in the order of priority; but more than all these is the mother most entitled to respect."}}

Gradually, new layers of meaning emerged, such as the inclusion of [[Saraswati|goddess Sarasvatī]] or Sāvitrī, with the teacher becoming the enabler of the connection between this goddess and the student.{{Sfn|Pandey|2013|p=115}} The meaning was extended to include [[Vedanga|Vedānga]]s and vows among other things.{{Efn|[[Rajbali Pandey]] compares the Upanayana rite of passage to [[Baptism]], the Christian rite of admission and adoption where the person is born again unto spiritual knowledge, as ''Upanayana'' marked the initiation of the student for spiritual studies such as the [[Vedas]].{{Sfn|Pandey|2013|p=112}} [[Devdutt Pattanaik]] would not compare the two.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pattanaik |first=Devdutt |date=2017-07-02 |title=Is the Hindu thread ceremony same as baptism? |url=https://devdutt.com/articles/is-the-hindu-thread-ceremony-same-as-baptism/ |access-date=2022-06-14 |website=Devdutt |language=en-US}}</ref>}}{{Sfn|Pandey|2013|p=115-116}}

The education of a student was not limited to ritual and philosophical speculations found in the ''Vedas'' and the ''[[Upanishads|Upaniṣads]]''. It extended to many arts and crafts, which had their own, similar rites of passages.<ref name=":Kramrisch1" /> The ''[[Aitareya Brahmana|Aitareya Brāhmaṇa]], [[Agama (Hinduism)|Āgamas]],'' and ''[[Puranas|Purāṇas]]'' genres of literature in Hinduism describe these as ''[[Shilpa Shastras|Śilpa Śāstras]]''.<ref name=":Kramrisch1" /> They extend to all practical aspects of culture, such as the sculptor, the potter, the perfumer, the wheelwright, the painter, the weaver, the architect, the dancer, and the musician.{{Efn|Ancient Indian texts assert that the number of the arts is unlimited, but each deploy elements of 64 kalā (कला, techniques) and 32 vidyā (विद्या, fields of knowledge)<ref name=":Kramrisch1" />}}<ref name=":Kramrisch1">{{Cite journal |last=Kramrisch |first=Stella |author-link=Stella Kramrisch |date=1958 |title=Traditions of the Indian Craftsman |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/538558 |journal=The Journal of American Folklore |volume=71 |issue=281 |pages=224–230 |doi=10.2307/538558 |jstor=538558 |issn=0021-8715|url-access=subscription }}</ref> The training of these began from childhood and included studies about [[dharma]], culture, reading, writing, mathematics, geometry, colours, tools, as well as traditions and trade secrets. The rites of passage during apprentice education varied in the respective guilds.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Elgood |first=Heather |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tAcF8RgbtZ0C |title=Hinduism and the Religious Arts |date=2000 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-8264-9865-6 |pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kramrisch |first=Stella |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NNcXrBlI9S0C |title=The Hindu Temple |date=1976 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |others=Raymond Burnier |isbn=978-81-208-0223-0}}</ref> [[Sushruta|Suśruta]] and [[Charaka]] developed the initiation ceremony for students of Āyurveda.{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|p=290}} The ''Upanayana'' rite of passage was also important to the teacher, as the student would therefrom begin to live in the ''[[gurukula]]'' (school).{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=268–287}}

Upanayana became an elaborate ceremony, that includes rituals involving the family, the child and the teacher. A boy receives during this ceremony a sacred thread called the ''yajnopavita'' to be worn. The ''yajnopavita'' ceremony announces that the child had entered into formal education.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=288–300}}{{Sfn|Prasad|1997|pp=119–131}} In the modern era, the Upanayana rite of passage is open to anyone at any age.{{Sfn|Coward|Cook|1996|p=67}} The Upanayana follows the [[Vidyāraṃbhaṃ|Vidyārambhaṃ]], the previous rite of passage.{{Sfn|Gharpure|1956|p=70}} [[Vidyāraṃbhaṃ|Vidyārambhaṃ]] became an intermediary samskāra following the evolution in writing and language.{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|pp=266–267}} [[Vidyāraṃbhaṃ|Vidyārambhaṃ]] now marked the beginning of primary education or literacy while Upanayana went on to refer to spiritual education.{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|pp=266–267}}{{Sfn|Aiyangar|1949|pp=144, 146|loc=The upanayana marks not the beginning of education, but of Vedic instruction. After the samskara of caula (tonsure) comes a ceremony named vidyarambha, initiation into learning, i.e. literacy. [...] If vidyarambha was the beginning of literacy, upanayana marks the induction into sacred and redeeming lore.}} The Upanayana can also take place at the student's home for those who are home-schooled.{{Sfn|Gharpure|1956|p=79}} Ceremonial [[bhiksha|bhikṣa]] as one of the rituals during Upanayana became important, attaining sizeable proportions.{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|p=280}} The actual initiation occurred during the recitation of the [[Gayatri Mantra|Gāyatrī Mantra]].{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|p=278}} The spiritual birth would take place four days after the initial Upanayana rituals. It was then that the last ritual was performed, the Medhajanana.{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|p=281}}{{Sfn|Gharpure|1956|p=75}} The [[Samavartanam]] or convocation ritual marked the end of the course.{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|p=287}} The Upanayana became a permanent feature around the Upaniṣad period.{{Sfn|Pandey|2013|p=123}}

Attire includes a daṇḍa or staff and a mekhala or girdle.{{Sfn|Mookerji|2003|pp=178–179}}

=== Age and varna ===
[[File:Susnata.jpg|thumb|''Upanayana Samskara'' in progress in [[West Bengal]], India.]]

In Hindu traditions, a human being is born at least twice—once at physical birth and second at intellectual birth through teacher's care. The first is marked through the ''[[Jatakarma]]n'' rite of passage; the second is marked through ''Upanayanam'' or ''[[Vidyāraṃbhaṃ|Vidyārambha]]'' rites of passage.<ref name=maryhinduworld>Mary McGee (2007), Samskara, in ''The Hindu World'' (Editors: Mittal and Thursby), Routledge, {{ISBN|978-0415772273}}, pages 332–356</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Jackson |first=Kathy Merlock |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j1rSEN_5LmEC |title=Rituals and Patterns in Children's Lives |date=2005 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press, Popular Press |isbn=978-0-299-20830-1 |pages=51–52}}</ref> A sacred thread was given by the teacher during the initiation to school ceremony and was a symbolic reminder to the student of his purpose at school as well as a [[social marker]] of the student as someone who was born a second time (''[[dvija]]'', twice born).{{Sfn|Monier-Williams|1891}}<ref>Raman Varadara, ''Glimpses of Indian Heritage'', p. 51, {{ISBN|978-8171547586}}.</ref>

Many medieval era texts discuss Upanayana in the context of three of the four ''varnas'' (caste, class)—[[Brahmin|Brāhmaṇa]]s, [[Kshatriya|Kṣatriya]]s and [[Vaishya|Vaiśya]]s.{{Sfn|Pandey|2013|pp=111–117}} The ceremony was typically performed at age eight among the [[Brahmin|Brāhmaṇa]]s, at age 11 among the [[Kshatriya|Kṣatriya]]s, and age 12 among Vaiśyas.{{Sfn|Mookerji|2003|p=174}}{{Sfn|Monier-Williams|1891|p=360}} ''Apastamba Gryha Sutra'' (verse 1.1.1.27) places a maximum age limit of 24 for the Upanayana ceremony and start of formal education. However, ''Gautama Gṛyha Sūtra'' and other ancient texts state that there is no age restriction and anyone of any age can undertake Upanayanam when they initiate their formal studies of the Vedas.{{Sfn|Mookerji|2003|pp=174–177}}

[[Shudra|Śūdra]]s, or the fourth varna, do not have the rite to the Vedic Upanayana or access to [[Vedas]] as their vidhi is not mentioned in any of the [[Dharmashastras]]. However, texts such as [[Sushruta Samhita]] & [[Dhanurveda]] prescribe a rite to be initiated for their education regarding these subjects alone. [[Āgama (Hinduism)|Agamas]], particularly Kamika Agama allows [[Shudra|Śūdra]]s to wear the sacred thread & get initiated in the Shaiva Mantras.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=288–300}}<ref name=scharfe>Hartmut Scharfe (2007), Handbook of Oriental Studies, Brill Academic, pp. 102–103, 197–198, 263–276, {{ISBN|978-9004125568}}.</ref>

The large variation in age and changes to it over time was to accommodate for the diversity in society and between families.{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|p=273}}

[[Vedic period]] texts such as the [[Baudhayana|Baudhāyana]] ''[[Grhyasutra|Gṛhyasūtra]]'' encouraged the three [[Varna (Hinduism)|Varṇa]]s of society to undergo the Upanayana.

Initiation to sectarian affiliation is not exclusive to ascetics, but open to householders.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Female Ascetics in Hinduism|publisher=State University of New York Press|date=2004|location=Albany|isbn=978-0-7914-8462-3|series=SUNY series in Hindu studies|first=Lynn Teskey|last=Denton|first2=Steven|last2=Collins|pages=93}}</ref>

===Gender and women===
In some texts, some girls belonging to the three varnas undergo upanayana rite of passage.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 February 2014 |title=A Village in Bihar, where Girl wear the Sacred Thread 'Janeu' |url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/a-village-in-bihar-where-girl-wear-sacred-thread-janeu/ |access-date=10 February 2014 |work=IANS |publisher=Biharprabha News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaisinghani |first=Bella |date=29 May 2009 |title=Thread Ceremony for Thane Girl |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/thread-ceremony-for-thane-girl/articleshow/4591371.cms |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> In ancient and medieval eras, texts such as Harita Dharmasūtras, Aśvālayana Gṛhya Sutra and Yama Smriti suggest women could begin Vedic studies after Upanayana.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=293–295}}<ref>V.L. Manjul (December 2002). "[http://www.hinduismtoday.com/modules/smartsection/item.php?itemid=3852 Starting Vedic Studies—Backed by scripture, girls get their sacred thread]"; [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115152255/http://www.hinduismtoday.com/modules/smartsection/item.php?itemid=3852 Archived] on 15 January 2021. ''Hinduism Today''.</ref><ref>C, Tripathi (2005). ''The Evolution of Ideals of Womenhood in Indian Society''. p. 94. {{ISBN|978-8178354255}}.</ref>{{Sfn|Kanitkar|Cole|2010|p=217}}

Girls belonging to the three upper varnas who decided to become a student underwent the Upanayana rite of passage, at the age of 8, and thereafter were called ''Brahmavadinī''. They wore a thread or upper garment over their left shoulder.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=293–295}} Those girls who chose not to go to a ''gurukula'' were called ''Sadyovadhu'' (literally, one who marries straight). However, the ''Sadyovadhu'', too, underwent a step during the wedding rituals, where she would complete Upanayana, and thereafter wear her upper garment (saree) over her left shoulder.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=293–295}} This interim symbolic Upanayana rite of passage for a girl, before her wedding, is described in multiple texts such as the Gobhila Gṛhya Sūtra (verse 2.1.19) and some Dharmasutras.{{Sfn|Oldenberg & Muller, The Grihya-Sutras: Rules of Vedic Domestic Ceremonies|1892|p=44|loc=Grihya Sutra of Gobhila Verse 2.1.19}}

=== ''Yajnopavita'' ===
[[File:Odia Bratopanayan.jpg|thumb|Bratopanayan in progress in an Odia household]]

The sacred thread or the yajnopavita has become one of the most important parts of contemporary Upanayana ceremonies. There are accordingly a number of rules related to it.{{Sfn|Ambedkar|1947|p=158}} The thread is composed of three cotton strands of nine strands each.{{Sfn|Ambedkar|1947|p=158}}{{Sfn|Monier-Williams|1891}} The strands symbolise different things in their regions. For example, among Tamils, each strand is for each of the [[Tridevi|Tridevī]], the supreme trinity of the Hindu goddesses [[Saraswati|Sarasvatī]], [[Lakshmi|Lakṣmī]], and [[Parvati|Pārvatī]].<ref name="ref91mazij">{{Cite book |author=Arunachalam |first=M. |year=1980 |title=Peeps into Tamil Culture |volume=3: ''Festivals of Tamil Nadu'' |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3IrXAAAAMAAJ |publisher=Gandhi Vidyalayam |pages=127 |quote=... boy is invested for the first time with the sacred thread ... the three devis Sarasvati, Savitri and Gayatri ...}}</ref> According to another tradition, each of the nine threads represents a male deity, such as [[Agni]], [[Bhaga]], and [[Chandra]].{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|p=298}}

The predecessor to the sacred thread was an upper garment (such as a dupatta or an uparane).{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|pp=276, 296}} However, as traditions developed, the upper garment began to be worn continuously. The usage of a thread grew out of convenience and manageability, becoming more popular than alternatives such as a kusa rope.{{Sfn|Altekar|1944|pp=296–297}}

The ancient Saṁskṛta texts offer a diverse view while describing the yajñopavītam or upavita. The term upavita was originally meant to be any upper garment, as stated in [[Apastamba Dharmasutra|Apastamba Dharmasūtra]] (verse 2.2.4.22–2.2.4.23) or, if the wearer does not want to wear a top, a thread would suffice.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=290–293}} The ancient Indian scholar Haradatta{{Efn|Scholars place Haradatta to 1100 CE or between 1100 and 1300 CE.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Olivelle |first=Patrick |date=1999 |title=Sanskrit Commentators and the Transmission of Texts: Haradatta on Āpastamba Dharmasūtra |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23496389 |journal=Journal of Indian Philosophy |volume=27 |issue=6 |page=570 |doi=10.1023/A:1004636609126 |jstor=23496389 |s2cid=189820541 |issn=0022-1791|url-access=subscription }}</ref>}} states, "''yajñopavītam'' means a particular mode of wearing the upper garment, and it is not necessary to have the yajñopavīta at all times".{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=290–293}}

There is no mention of any rule or custom, states [[Patrick Olivelle]], that "required Brāhmaṇas to wear a sacred string at all times", in the Brāhmaṇya literature (Vedic and ancient post-Vedic).{{Sfn|Olivelle|1992|pp=9–10}} Yajñopavīta, textual evidence suggests, is a medieval and modern tradition.{{Sfn|Olivelle|1992|pp=9–10}} However, the term ''yajnopavita'' appears in ancient Hindu literature, and therein it means a way of wearing the upper garment during a ritual or rites of passage.{{Sfn|Olivelle|1992|pp=9–10}} The custom of wearing a string is a late development in Hinduism, was optional in the medieval era, and the ancient Indian texts do not mention this ritual for any class or for ''Upanayana''.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=290–293}}{{Sfn|Olivelle|1992|pp=9–10}}

The Gobhila Gṛhya Sutra (verse 1.2.1) similarly states in its discussion on Upanayana, that "the student understands the yajnopavita as a cord of threads, or a garment, or a rope of kusa grass", and it is its methods of wearing and the significance that matters.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=290–293}} The proper manner of wearing the upper garment or thread, state the ancient texts, is from over the left shoulder and under the right arm.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=290–293}} ''yajñopavīta'' contrasts with ''Pracinavīta'' method of wearing the upper garment, the latter a reverse and mirror image of former, and suggested to signify rituals for elders/ancestors (for example, funeral).{{Sfn|Olivelle|1992|pp=9–10}}

The idea of wearing the upper garment or sacred thread, and its significance, extended to women.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=293–295}} This is reflected in the traditional wearing of sari over the left shoulder, during formal occasions and the celebration of rites of passage such as Hindu weddings. It was also the norm if a girl undertakes the Upanayana ceremony and begins her Vedic studies as a ''Brahmavadinī''.{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=293–295}}

The sacred Yajnopavita is known by many names (varying by region and community), such as ''Bratabandha, Janivaara'', '' Jaanva'', ''Jandhyam'', ''Poita'', ''Pūṇūl'', ''Janeu'', ''Lagun'', ''Yajnopavita'', ''Yagyopavit'', ''Yonya'' and ''Zunnar''.<ref name="ref97cafup">{{Cite book |author=Sultān Bāhū |date=April 1998 |title=Death Before Dying: The Sufi Poems of Sultan Bahu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GlECx1j0B4IC |translator=Jamal J. Elias |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-21242-8 |quote=... in Punjabi, zunnar, the sacred Yajñopavītam worn by Brahmin Hindus ...}}</ref><ref name="ref34quyaq">{{Cite book |author1=Shashi Ahluwalia |author2=Meenakshi Ahluwalia | year=1992 |title=Living Faiths in Modern India | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hqTXAAAAMAAJ |publisher=Indian Publishers' Distributors}}</ref>

==Scholarly commentary==
=== Doubts about Upanayanam in old texts ===
Scholars{{Sfnp|Oldenberg, The Grihya-Sutras: Rules of Vedic Domestic Ceremonies|1886|pp=7–8}} state that the details and restrictions in the Upanayana ceremony is likely to have been inserted into ancient texts in a more modern era. [[Hermann Oldenberg]], for example, states that Upanayana—the solemn reception of the pupil by the teacher to teach him the Veda—is joined into texts of Vedic texts at places that simply do not make any contextual sense, do not match the style, and are likely to be a corruption of the ancient texts.{{Sfnp|Oldenberg, The Grihya-Sutras: Rules of Vedic Domestic Ceremonies|1886|pp=7–8}} For example, in Satapatha Brahmana, the ''Upanayana'' rite of passage text appears in the middle of a dialogue about Agnihotra; after the Upanayana verse end, sage Saukeya abruptly returns to the Agnihotra and Uddalaka. Oldenberg states that the Upanayana discussion is likely an insertion into the older text.{{Sfnp|Oldenberg, The Grihya-Sutras: Rules of Vedic Domestic Ceremonies|1886|pp=7–8}}

Kane, in his ''History of Dharmasastra'' reviews,{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=268–287}} as well as other scholars,{{Sfn|Kane|1941|pp=268–287}}<ref>Arun Kumbhare (2009), Women of India: Their Status Since the Vedic Times, {{ISBN|978-1440156007}}, page 56</ref><ref>J Sinha (2014), Psycho-Social Analysis of the Indian Mindset, Springer Academic, {{ISBN|978-8132218036}}, page 5</ref> state that there is high likelihood of interpolation, insertion and corruption in dharma sutras and dharma sastra texts on the Upanayana-related rite of passage. [[Patrick Olivelle]] notes the doubts in [[postmodern]] scholarship about the presumed reliability of [[Manusmriti|Manusmṛti]] manuscripts.<ref name="olivellecriticaledition">Patrick Olivelle (2004), Manu's Code of Law, Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|978-0195171464}}, pages 353-354, 356-382</ref> He writes, "Manusmriti was the first Indian legal text introduced to the western world through the translation of Sir William Jones in 1794". This was based on the Calcutta manuscript with the commentary of Kulluka, which has been assumed to be the reliable vulgate version, and translated repeatedly from Jones in 1794 to [[Wendy Doniger|Doniger]] in 1991.<ref name="olivellecriticaledition" /> The reliability of the Manusmṛti manuscript used since colonial times, states Olivelle, is "far from the truth. Indeed, one of the great surprises of my editorial work has been to discover how few of the over fifty manuscripts that I collated actually follow the vulgate in key readings."<ref name="olivellecriticaledition" />

==Regional variations==
===Nepal===
[[File:Upanayana krish.jpg|thumb|At Upanayana ceremony of [[People of Nepal|Nepalis]]]]

In Nepal, a ceremony is held which combines ''choodakarma'' (tonsure, shave the head) and Upanayana [[Sanskara (rite of passage)|saṃskāra]] locally known as ''Bratabandha'' ([[Sanskrit]] ''vrata'' = promise, ''bandhana'' = bond).{{Sfn|Zotter|2010|pp=23–24}} In [[Nepal]], The one who wears the sacred thread are called as [[Tagadhari]].

This Sanskara involves the participation of entire family and a teacher who then accepts the boy as a disciple in the [[Guru–shishya tradition]] of Hinduism. Gayatri Mantra marks as an individual's entrance to a school of Hinduism. This ceremony ends after the boy goes for his first alms round to relatives and leave for the guru's ashram. Traditionally, these boys were sent to learn in a [[gurukul]]a system of education but in modern times, this act is only done symbolically.<ref name="Shore">{{cite web |last=Shore |first=Amanda |date=26 February 2011 |title=Hindu Bratabandha Ceremony, Nepal |url=http://intravelmag.com/intravel/indigenous/hindu-bratabandha-ceremony-nepal |access-date=20 May 2014 |website=inTravel Magazine}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Hinduism]]
** [[Kautuka]] or Mauli, the sacred red-saffron thread
** [[Upakarma]], ritual for changing the worn out Upanayana
** [[Sikha]], the sacred ponytail
** [[Rishi]], saint
** [[Tagadhari]], wearer of Upanayana
* [[Judaism]]
** [[Bar and Bat Mitzvah]], initiation ceremony
* [[Zoroastrian]]ism
** [[Navjote]], Zoroastrian initiation ceremony
** [[Kushti]], the Zoroastrian sacred thread
* Others
** [[Izze-kloth]], the Apache Native American sacred cord

== Footnotes ==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

===Works cited===
''(Arranged by year)''
* ''[[Sacred Books of the East]].'' Oxford University Press. 1879-1910.
** {{Cite book |last1=Oldenberg |first1=Hermann |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_X9KAAAAYAAJ |title=The Grihya-Sutras: Rules of Vedic Domestic Ceremonies |publisher= |year=1886 |editor-last= |editor-first= |editor-link= |translator-last=Oldenberg |translator-first=Hermann |oclc= |ref={{Sfnref|Oldenberg, The Grihya-Sutras: Rules of Vedic Domestic Ceremonies|1886}} |translator-link=Hermann Oldenberg|volume=xxix}}
** {{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/grihyasutrasrule02olde#page/44/mode/2up |title=The Grihya-Sutras: Rules of Vedic Domestic Ceremonies |year=1892 |series=II |volume=xxx |publisher=Oxford, Clarendon Press |translator-last=Oldenberg |translator-first=Hermann |ref={{Sfnref|Oldenberg & Muller, The Grihya-Sutras: Rules of Vedic Domestic Ceremonies|1892}} |translator-last2=Müller |translator-first2=Max |translator-link=Hermann Oldenberg |translator-link2=Max Müller}}
* {{Cite book |author=Monier-Williams |first=Monier |title=Religious Thought and Life in India: As Based on the Veda and Other Sacred Books of the Hindūs |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-jNbAAAAQAAJ |year=1891 |publisher=J. Murray, 1891}}
* {{Cite book |last=Deshpande |first=Kamalabai |year=1936 |title=The Child in Ancient India |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.20941/page/n3/mode/2up?q=Upanayana |location=Poona |publisher=SNDT Women's College}}
* {{Cite book |last=Kane |first=Pandurang Vaman |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/historyofdharmas029210mbp/page/268/mode/2up?view=theater |title=History of Dharmasastras |publisher=[[Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute]] |year=1941 |edition= |series= |volume=2 Part 1 |pages=268–287 |chapter=VII. Upanayana |author-link=Pandurang Vaman Kane}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/educationinancie032398mbp |title=Education In Ancient India |last=Altekar |first=Anant Sadashiv |publisher=Nand Kishore & Brothers |year=1944 |author-link=Anant Sadashiv Altekar}}
* {{Cite book |last=Ambedkar |first=B. R. |title=[[Who Were the Shudras?]] |publisher=Thacker and Co |year=1947}}
** {{Cite book |last=Ambedkar |first=B. R. |url=http://drambedkarwritings.gov.in/content/writings-and-speeches/dr-babasaheb-ambedkar-writings-and-speeches-vol-7.php |title=Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Writings and Speeches |publisher=Dr. Ambedkar Foundation. Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India |year=2019 |isbn=978-93-5109-178-3 |orig-date=1979}}
* {{Cite book |last=Aiyangar |first=K.V. Rangaswami |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.506950 |title=Aspects of the Social and Political. System of Manusmrti |publisher=Lucknow University |others=Radha Kumud Mookerji Lectures 1946 |year=1949}}
* {{Cite book |last=Gharpure |first=J. R. |title=Teachings of Dharmasastra |publisher=Lucknow University |others=Dr Radha Kumar Mukerjee Endowment Lectures No 4. 1949-50-51-52 |year=1956|url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.40182/page/n31/mode/2up?q=Upanayana}}
* {{Cite book |last=Olivelle |first=Patrick |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fB8uneM7q1cC |title=The Samnyasa Upanisads: Hindu Scriptures on Asceticism and Renunciation |date=1992 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-536137-7 |language=en |author-link=Patrick Olivelle}} {{ISBN|978-0195070453}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Kanitkar |first1=V. P. (Hemant) |title=Hinduism: An Introduction |last2=Cole |first2=W. Owen |publisher=[[Teach Yourself]], Hodder Education, Hachette UK |year=2010 |orig-date=1995}}
* {{cite book |last1=Coward |first1=Harold |author-link1=Harold Coward |last2=Cook |first2=Philip Hilton |title=Religious Dimensions of Child and Family Life: Reflections on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JD8_s94htQMC |year=1996 |publisher=Wilfrid Laurier University Press |isbn=978-1-55058-104-1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Prasad |first=Ram Chandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WmsAjRBZXy8C |title=The Upanayana: The Hindu Ceremonies of the Sacred Thread |date=1997 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-1240-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Mookerji |first=Radha Kumud |title=Ancient Indian Education: Brahmanical and Buddhist |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mjFfqpq7HhkC |year=2003 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0423-4 |author-link=Radha Kumud Mukherjee}}
* {{Cite book |last=Zotter |first=Christof |year=2010 |chapter=Notes on the Evolution of an Initiation Ritual: The Vratabandha of the Bāhun and Chetri |editor1-last=Zotter |editor1-first=Astrid |editor-last2=Zotter |editor-first2=Christof |title=Hindu and Buddhist Initiations in Nepal and India |series=Ethno-Indology: Heidelberg Studies in South Asian Rituals 10 |location=Wiesbaden, Germany |publisher=Harrassowitz Verlag |pages=17–44}}
* {{Cite book |last=Pandey |first=Rajbali |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHG3mhGrKw4C |title=Hindu Saṁskāras: Socio-religious Study of the Hindu Sacraments |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=2013 |isbn=978-8120803961 |edition=2nd |pages= |author-link=Rajbali Pandey}}

== Further reading ==
* {{Cite book |editor-last=Hastings |editor-first=James |year=1914 |title=Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics |publisher=T&T Clark |pages=323}}
* {{Cite book |chapter=Yajnavalkya Smriti with Commentary of Vijnaneswara called the Mitakshara. The Achara Adhyaya Book 1 |title=Sacred Books of the Hindus |url=https://archive.org/details/sacredbooksofthehindusvol21yajnavalkyasmritiwithmitaksharaofvijnaneswara1918_202002/page/n7/mode/2up?q=Upanayana |volume=21 |year=1918 |translator-last=Vidyarnava |translator-first=Rai Bahadur Srisa Chandra |location=Allahabad, India |publisher=The Pânîni Office, Bhuvaneśwari}}
* {{Cite book |last=Apte |first=VM |url=https://archive.org/details/SocialAndReligiousLifeInTheGrihyaSutras/mode/2up?q=Upanayana |title=Social and Religious Life in the Grihya Sutras |publisher=Popular Book |year=1959 |orig-date=1939}}
* {{Cite book |last=Gonda |first=J |url=https://archive.org/details/changecontinuity0000gond/page/n3/mode/2up?q=Upanayana |title=Change and continuity in Indian religion |publisher=Mouton & Co |year=1965}}
* {{Cite thesis |last=Barua |first=Bharati |title=A study of the socioreligious ceremony of Upanayana (investiture with sacred thread) in the Sutras and the Dharmasastras |date=1975 |publisher=Gauhati University |hdl=10603/67755 |url=http://hdl.handle.net/10603/67755}} via Shodhganga.
* {{Cite book |last=Kakar |first=Sudhir |url=https://archive.org/details/indianchildhoodc0000kaka/page/n3/mode/2up?q=Upanayana |title=Indian Childhood: Cultural Ideals and Social Reality |date=1979 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-561199-1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Flood |first=Gavin |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-wVMFLEXeksC&dq=Upanayana&pg=PA75 |title=Rites of Passage |date=1994 |publisher=Pinter Publishers |isbn=978-0-567-31072-9 |editor-last=Holm |editor-first=Jean |language=en |chapter=3. Hinduism |editor-last2=Bowker |editor-first2=John}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Bronkhorst |first=Johannes |author-link=Johannes Bronkhorst |date=1996 |title=Svetaketu and the upanayana |url=https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_47BC9590DB13.P001/REF.pdf |journal=Études Asiatiques / Asiatische Studien |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=591–561 |via=Université de Lausanne serveur académique lausannois}}
* {{Cite thesis |last=Murthy |first=H V Narasimha |title=A critical study of upanayana samskara |date=1997 |publisher=Mangalore University |hdl=10603/132206 |url=http://hdl.handle.net/10603/132206}} via Shodhganga.
* {{Cite book |last=Kadam |first=K. N. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y-ghBNwBNGAC&dq=Upanayana&pg=PA74 |title=The Meaning of the Ambedkarite Conversion to Buddhism and Other Essays |date=1997 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7154-810-1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Saraswati |first=Chandrashekarendra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SEhzDqhWiRcC |title=Introduction to Hindu Dharma: Illustrated |date=2008 |publisher=World Wisdom, Inc |isbn=978-1-933316-48-2 |author-link=Chandrashekarendra Saraswati}}
* {{Cite book |last=Mahadevan |first=B |title=Thoughts on Sandhyā Vandanam |url=https://www.iimb.ac.in/webpages/files/Thoughts%20on%20Sandhya%20Vandanam%20v6%20November%202015%20a5%20version.pdf |publication-date=June 2014 |publisher=Sumathi Samskriti Trust, Bangalore}}
* {{Cite book |last=Sundareswaran |first=N. K. |title=Texts and Rituals: Issues in Indology |date=2015 |publisher=Sukṛtīndra Oriental Research Institute |isbn=978-93-83846-05-4 |chapter=The upanayana ritual in the Satapathabrahmana}}
* {{Cite book |last=Flueckiger |first=Joyce Burkhalter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0inWBgAAQBAJ |title=Everyday Hinduism |date=2015 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-4051-6021-6}}
* {{Cite book |last=Kajihara |first=Mieko |title=Vedic Investigations: Papers of the 12th World Sanskrit Conference held in Helsinki, Finland, 13-18 July 2003 |date=2016 |volume=1 |pages=271–296 |editor-last=Koskikallio |editor-first=Petteri |chapter=The Upanayana and the 'Repeated Upanayana(s)' |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-4030-0 |editor2-last=Parpola |editor2-first=Asko}}
* {{Cite conference |last=Haas |first=Dominik A. |date=2019 |title=Thinking Inside the Ritual Box: The Employment of Sāvitrīs in the Upanayana |conference=11th International Indology Graduate Research Symposium}}
; Basava and Upanayana
* {{Cite journal |last=Samartha |first=M. P. |date=1977 |title=Basava's Spiritual Struggle |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20005425 |journal=Religious Studies |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=335–347 |doi=10.1017/S0034412500010118 |jstor=20005425 |s2cid=170976283 |issn=0034-4125|url-access=subscription }}
* {{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2022 |title=Correct textbooks or face agitation, say Lingayat maths |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/correct-textbooks-or-face-agitation-say-lingayat-maths/article65484653.ece |access-date= |issn=0971-751X}}
* {{Cite news |date=2022-06-06 |title=Veerashaiva seers endorse lesson on Basaveshwara but with a few modifications |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/veerashaiva-seers-endorse-lesson-on-basaveshwara-but-with-a-few-modifications/article65501108.ece |access-date= |issn=0971-751X}}

; News articles
* {{Cite web |date=2017-08-25 |agency=PTI |title=Hyderabad devotees welcome 57-feet tall Ganesh idol |url=https://www.asianage.com/life/more-features/250817/hyderabad-devotees-welcome-57-feet-tall-ganesh-idol.html |access-date= |website=The Asian Age |quote=Nearly 500 weavers who took part in making the 'kanduva' and 'jandhyam' ...}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline}}











{{Hindu samskaras}}
{{Hindu Culture and Epics|state = collapsed}}
{{Indian wedding}}

[[Category:Brahmin culture]]
[[Category:Hindu religious clothing]]
[[Category:Hinduism and children]]
[[Category:Objects used in Hindu worship]]
[[Category:Rites of passage]]
[[Category:Samskaras]]

Rickshaw Run

2026-02-14T05:54:40Z

MarkKapoor: Adding a article - done

{{Short description|Indian event}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
[[File:A contestant in the 2006 Rickshaw Run.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Driving along the road]]

'''The Rickshaw Run''' is an event where teams drive [[Auto Rickshaw]]s along various routes across [[India]]. The first route in December 2006 was from [[Kochi]], in the southern state of [[Kerala]], to [[Darjeeling]], in [[West Bengal]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} In its inaugural run, 34 teams started the event, and 31 of those finished.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} The rickshaw run has involved dangerous road incidents occurring during the 'race'.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}

The Rickshaw Run is organised by the Adventurists,<ref name=":0">[http://www.theadventurists.com :: The Adventurists :: Welcome]</ref> who also organise the [[Mongol Rally]].{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

==Where and when==
The Rickshaw Run takes place every 4 months in January, April and August in India. The route changes each time but starts from the finishing point of the previous run.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} Initially the route just included India but by the second Run teams were going through [[Nepal]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}. Currently [[Rajasthan]], [[Kerala]] and [[Meghalaya]] hosts the starting/ending points for each version of the run.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

'''Past Rickshaw Runs'''

 {{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}
2006/07 Winter Run (26/12/06) started in [[Kochi]] and finished in [[Darjeeling]]. 
2007 Summer Run (30/06/07) started in [[Kolkata]] and finished in [[Manali, Himachal Pradesh|Manali]]. 
2007/08 Winter Run (31/12/07) starting in Kochi and finishing in [[Kathmandu]], [[Nepal]]. 
2008 Summer Run (01/06/08) starting in [[Kathmandu]] and finishing in [[Pondicherry (city)|Pondicherry]]. 
2008/09 Winter Run (01/1/09) starting in Pondicherry and finishing in [[Shillong]]. 
2009 Easter Run (04/11/09) starting in Shillong and finishing in [[Goa]]. 
2009 Fall Run (13/09/09) starting on [[Goa]] and finishing in [[Pokhara]], [[Nepal]]. 
2010 Spring Run (28/03/10) stating in [[Kochi]] and finishing in [[Gangtok]], [[Sikkim]]. 
2011 Winter (2/1/11) stating in [[Jaisalmer]] to and finishing in [[Kochi]]. 
2013 Spring Run (7/4/13) Starting in [[Kochi]] and finished in [[Shillong]] 
2013 Autumn Run (8/9/13) Starting in [[Shillong]] and finished in [[Jaisalmer]]. 
2016 Autumn Run (8/9/13) Starting in [[Shillong]] and finished in [[Kochi]]. 
2016 Autumn Run Starting in [[Shillong]] and finished in [[Kochi]].
2017 January - [[Kochi]] to [[Jaisalmer]] 
2017 April - [[Jaisalmer]] to [[Kochi]] 
2017 August - [[Kochi]] to [[Jaisalmer]]

74 teams started in the 2013 spring run in Kochi in the south western corner of the country. Out of those 70 finished. Most teams travelled along the east coast of India, taking the 'easy route' but a handful of hardcore teams went 'up the centre' passing through places such as [[Mysore]], [[Nagpur]], [[Varanasi]] and even making their way up to [[Darjeeling]]. The teams that went the central route travelled more than 4000 km in their rickshaws on some of the worst roads in India.

==Charity donations==
Each team has to raise a minimum of £1,000 for charities working in India and Nepal.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} The main charities for the Rickshaw Run are Mercy Corps, Frank Water and Save the Children, depending on where the Rickshaw Run takes place. Each team consists of one rickshaw and between one and four drivers.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} The Rickshaw is a vehicle designed to transport light loads over small distances on paved roads, making it a challenge to cover long distances.

==World Records==
During the 2022 Himalaya edition of the Rickshaw Run, two teams ([[Canadian]] and [[Switzerland|Swiss]]) set the record for the worlds highest auto rickshaw, over the [[Umling La]] Pass, at 5800 meters/19024 feet.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/buzz/auto-rickshaws-set-highest-altitude-drive-record-at-19024-feet-on-umling-la-pass-6257215.html|title= Auto Rickshaws Set Highest Altitude Drive Record at 19,024 Feet on Umling La Pass|date=October 22, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/lifestyle/travel/auto-rickshaws-drive-on-umling-la-pass-the-highest-motorable-road-to-set-world-record-at-19024-feet/ar-AA13qxBT|title=Auto rickshaws drive on Umling La Pass, the highest motorable road, to set world record at 19,024 feet|website=[[MSN]] |date=October 27, 2022}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.tagteamindia.com"A Teams website: Tag Team India", ''The Adventurist'', April 2010]
*[http://indiacurrents.com/news/view_article.html?article_id=eb9333c00f889bc926a682cef538393b "2400 Miles in an Auto-Rickshaw", by Ranjit Souri, ''India Currents'', June 2008]
*[https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2007/aug/11/saturday.adventure ''Road to Manali'', The Guardian, 11 Aug 2007]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070206042733/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2007/02/04/stories/2007020400010200.htm Antara Das, ''That's the Rickshaw Run'', The Hindu (magazine), 4 Feb 2007]
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/hampshire/content/articles/2006/12/12/rickshaw_run_feature.shtml ''Rickshaw Run'', BBC Hampshire, 23 Jan 2007]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070602081533/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/12/28/stories/2006122801500100.htm ''All the way to Darjeeling in auto rickshaws'', The Hindu (Metro Plus Kochi), 28 Dec 2006]
*[http://www.rickshawrun.com Rickshaw Run website]
*[http://www.theadventurists.com The Adventurists]
*[http://natgeoadventure.tv/uk/Show.aspx?Id=288 The Rickshaw Run on Nat Geo Adventure]

[[Category:Road rallying]]
[[Category:Motorcycle rallies in India]]
[[Category:Rickshaws]]

Ricky Ponting

2026-02-13T23:21:18Z

MarkKapoor: edit

{{Short description|Australian cricketer (born 1974)}}
{{Use Australian English|date=June 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}
{{Infobox cricketer
| name = Ricky Ponting
| honorific_suffix = [[Officer of the Order of Australia|AO]]
| image = Ricky Ponting 2015.jpg
| caption = Ponting in 2015
| country = Australia
| fullname = Ricky Thomas Ponting
| nickname = Punter
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1974|12|19|df=yes}}<ref name=cricket.com.au>{{cite web|title=Ricky Ponting|url=http://www.cricket.com.au/players/ricky-ponting|website=cricket.com.au|publisher=[[Cricket Australia]]|access-date=19 July 2014|archive-date=11 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140211010447/http://www.cricket.com.au/players/ricky-ponting|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Launceston, Tasmania]], Australia<ref name=cricket.com.au/>
| height = 175cm<ref name=cricket.com.au/>
| batting = Right-handed
| bowling = Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]]
| role = [[Batting order (cricket)#Top order|Top-order batter]]
| family = [[Greg Campbell (cricketer)|Greg Campbell]] (uncle)
| international = true
| internationalspan = 1995–2012
| testdebutdate = 8 December
| testdebutyear = 1995
| testdebutagainst = Sri Lanka
| testcap = 366
| lasttestdate = 3 December
| lasttestyear = 2012
| lasttestagainst = South Africa
| odidebutdate = 15 February
| odidebutyear = 1995
| odidebutagainst = South Africa
| odicap = 123
| lastodidate = 19 February
| lastodiyear = 2012
| lastodiagainst = India
| odishirt = 14
| T20Idebutdate = 17 February
| T20Idebutyear = 2005
| T20Idebutagainst = New Zealand
| T20Icap = 10
| lastT20Idate = 8 June
| lastT20Iyear = 2009
| lastT20Iagainst = Sri Lanka
| T20Ishirt = 14
| club1 = [[Tasmanian cricket team|Tasmania]]
| year1 = {{nowrap|1992/93–2012/13}}
| club2 = [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]]
| year2 = 2004
| club3 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| year3 = 2008
| club4 = [[Hobart Hurricanes]]
| year4 = 2011/12–2012/13
| club5 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| year5 = 2013
| clubnumber5 = 14
| club6 = [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]]
| year6 = 2013
| club7 = [[Antigua Hawksbills]]
| year7 = 2013
| columns = 4
| column1 = [[Test cricket|Test]]
| matches1 = 168
| runs1 = 13,378
| bat avg1 = 51.85
| 100s/50s1 = 41/62
| top score1 = 257
| deliveries1 = 587
| wickets1 = 5
| bowl avg1 = 55.20
| fivefor1 = 0
| tenfor1 = 0
| best bowling1 = 1/0
| catches/stumpings1 = 196/–
| column2 = [[One Day International|ODI]]
| matches2 = 375
| runs2 = 13,704
| bat avg2 = 42.03
| 100s/50s2 = 30/82
| top score2 = 164
| deliveries2 = 150
| wickets2 = 3
| bowl avg2 = 34.66
| fivefor2 = 0
| tenfor2 = 0
| best bowling2 = 1/12
| catches/stumpings2 = 160/–
| column3 = [[First-class cricket|FC]]
| matches3 = 289
| runs3 = 24,150
| bat avg3 = 55.90
| 100s/50s3 = 82/106
| top score3 = 257
| deliveries3 = 1,506
| wickets3 = 14
| bowl avg3 = 58.07
| fivefor3 = 0
| tenfor3 = 0
| best bowling3 = 2/10
| catches/stumpings3 = 309/–
| column4 = [[List A cricket|LA]]
| matches4 = 456
| runs4 = 16,363
| bat avg4 = 41.74
| 100s/50s4 = 34/99
| top score4 = 164
| deliveries4 = 349
| wickets4 = 8
| bowl avg4 = 33.62
| fivefor4 = 0
| tenfor4 = 0
| best bowling4 = 3/34
| catches/stumpings4 = 195/–
| date = 11 July
| year = 2013
| coachclub1 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| coachyear1 = 2014–2016
| coachclub2 = [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]]
| coachyear2 = 2017–2018
| coachclub3 = [[Delhi Capitals]]
| coachyear3 = 2018–2024
| coachclub4 = [[Washington Freedom (cricket)|Washington Freedom]]
| coachyear4 = 2024–present
| coachclub5 = [[Punjab Kings]]
| coachyear5 =2025
| source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/australia/content/player/7133.html ESPNcricinfo
| medaltemplates = 
{{MedalSport|Men's [[cricket]]}}
{{MedalCountry |{{AUS}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[ICC Cricket World Cup]]}}
{{Medal|RU|[[1996 Cricket World Cup|1996 India-Pakistan-Sri Lanka]]|}}
{{Medal|W|[[1999 Cricket World Cup|1999 British Isles & Netherlands]]|}}
{{Medal|W|[[2003 Cricket World Cup|2003 South Africa-Zimbabwe-Kenya]]|}}
{{Medal|W|[[2007 Cricket World Cup|2007 West Indies]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[ICC Champions Trophy]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[2006 ICC Champions Trophy|2006 India]]|}}
{{Medal|W|[[2009 ICC Champions Trophy|2009 South Africa]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Commonwealth Games]]}}
{{Medal|Silver|[[Cricket at the 1998 Commonwealth Games|1998 Kuala Lumpur]]|}}
}}

'''Ricky Thomas Ponting''' {{post-nominals|country=AUS|AO}} (born 19 December 1974) is an Australian [[cricket]] coach, commentator, and former player. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen of all time and is the most successful captain in international cricket history, with 220 victories in 324 matches with a winning rate of 67.91%.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tomar |first=Ayesha |date=2024-07-19 |title=Cricket's Icons: Unveiling the Greatest Batsmen of All Time |url=https://www.cricketcountry.com/photos/crickets-icons-unveiling-the-greatest-batsmen-of-all-time-1168892/ |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=Cricket Country |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Greatest Cricket Batsmen of All Time |url=https://stadiumtalk.com/s/greatest-cricket-batsmen-ef6f8746ef4c4bbe/ |access-date=2025-09-28 |website=stadiumtalk.com |language=en}}</ref>

He has made the [[list of cricketers by number of international centuries scored|third highest]] number of centuries in international cricket, behind [[Sachin Tendulkar]] and [[Virat Kohli]]. He holds the record for winning most [[International Cricket Council|ICC]] tournaments as a captain in Men's [[Cricket]], including the [[2003 Cricket World Cup|2003]] and [[2007 Cricket World Cup|2007]] [[Cricket World Cup]]s, and [[2006 ICC Champions Trophy|2006]] and [[2009 ICC Champions Trophy|2009]] [[ICC Champions Trophy|Champions Trophies]]. He was also a member of the [[1999 Cricket World Cup]] winning Australian team.

Domestically, Ponting played for his home state of [[Tasmania cricket team|Tasmania]] as well as Tasmania's [[Hobart Hurricanes]] in Australia's domestic [[Twenty20]] competition, the [[Big Bash League]]. He played as a specialist right-handed [[Batting (cricket)|batsman]], an excellent [[slip fielder]], as well as a very occasional [[bowling (cricket)|bowler]]. He led Australia to their second 5–0 Ashes win as well as victory at the 2003 and 2007 [[Cricket World Cup]]s and was also a member of the [[1999 Cricket World Cup|1999 World Cup]] winning team under [[Steve Waugh]]. He led Australia to consecutive [[ICC Champions Trophy]] victory in 2006 and 2009. Combative and at times a controversial captain, statistically he is one of the most successful Test captains of all time, with 48 victories in 77 Tests. As a player, Ponting is the only cricketer in history to be involved in 100 Test victories<ref>{{cite web |date=29 December 2010 |title=The proudest century |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ricky-ponting-s-100th-test-win-the-proudest-century-531030 |access-date=30 December 2010 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=matches;result=1;template=results;type=batting |title=Statistics / Statsguru / Test matches / Batting records-Most Test wins |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |date=29 December 2010 |access-date=30 December 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119022911/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1%3Bfilter%3Dadvanced%3Borderby%3Dmatches%3Bresult%3D1%3Btemplate%3Dresults%3Btype%3Dbatting |archive-date=19 January 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=29 December 2010 |title=Jump before you are pushed, Chappell tells Ponting |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/australia-v-england-4th-test-jump-before-you-are-pushed-ian-chappell-tells-ponting-494662 |access-date=30 December 2010 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>[https://www.rediff.com/cricket/report/ponting-celebrates-100test-wins/20110903.htm Ponting celebrates 100 Test wins – Rediff.com Cricket]. Rediff.com (3 September 2011). Retrieved on 2013-12-23.</ref> and was involved in the most ODI victories as a player, with 262 wins,<ref name="odiwins"/> having played in over 160 Tests and 370 ODIs.

A prolific batsman, Ponting is Australia's leading run-scorer in Test and ODI cricket. He was named "Cricketer of the Decade 2000"<ref>{{cite web |date=14 January 2010 |title=Ponting voted Player of the Decade |work=Cricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/decadereview2009/content/story/443957.html |access-date=8 September 2018}}</ref> was named in the country's best Ashes XI in a [[Cricket Australia]] poll in 2017<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/australia-best-ashes-team-past-40-years-fan-vote-final-results-gilchrist-warne-ponting/2017-12-01| title= The Best Australian Ashes XI revealed|date=1 December 2017|work=CA|access-date=26 July 2009 }}</ref> and in July 2018 he was inducted into the [[ICC Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web |date=2 July 2018 |title=Ponting, Dravid, Claire Taylor inducted into ICC Hall of Fame |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ricky-ponting-rahul-dravid-claire-taylor-inducted-into-icc-hall-of-fame-1150940 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> He is the current assistant coach of the Australian national men's cricket team, having been appointed to the role in February 2019.

Ponting announced his retirement from [[Test cricket]] in November 2012, the day before playing in his final Test against South Africa; this was his 168th and last Test appearance,<ref>[https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ricky-ponting-to-retire-after-perth-test-594213 Australia v South Africa, 3rd Test, Perth : Ricky Ponting to retire after Perth Test | Cricket News | Australia v South Africa]. ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved on 23 December 2013.</ref> equalling the Australian record held by [[Steve Waugh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wisdenindia.com/australia-unveil-packed-summer-schedule|title=Australia unveil packed summer schedule|publisher=Wisden India|access-date=19 July 2012}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>[http://www.skynews.com.au/sport/article.aspx?id=821512 Sport News – SportsFan] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202012524/http://www.skynews.com.au/sport/article.aspx?id=821512 |date=2 December 2012 }}. Skynews.com.au. Retrieved on 23 December 2013.</ref> He retired with a Test batting average of 51.85,<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/cricket/ricky-ponting-out-in-final-test-innings-before-retirement/story-e6frfg8o-1226529070328 |title = Punter's career comes to a close|date = 3 December 2012}}</ref> although he continued to play cricket around the world until 2013.<ref name="wisdenretirement">{{cite news|url=http://www.wisdenindia.com/cricket-news/ponting-retire-cricket-clt20/66870|title=Ponting to retire from all cricket after CLT20|publisher=Wisden India|date=20 June 2013|access-date=20 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224102509/http://www.wisdenindia.com/cricket-news/ponting-retire-cricket-clt20/66870|archive-date=24 December 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==1974–1995: Early life==
===Birth and personal life===
[[File:Cricketer Ricky Ponting and Rianna Ponting (24079181379).jpg|thumb|Ponting with his wife Rianna in 2016.]]
Born in [[Launceston, Tasmania]], on 19 December 1974, Ricky Ponting is the eldest of Graeme and Lorraine Ponting's 3 children. Graeme was "a good club cricketer" and played [[Australian rules football]], while Lorraine was a state [[vigoro]] champion.<ref name="Ponting18-20">Richardson (2002), pp. 18–20.</ref> His uncle [[Greg Campbell (cricketer)|Greg Campbell]] played Test cricket for Australia in 1989 and 1990. Ponting's parents first lived in [[Prospect, Tasmania|Prospect]] {{convert|4.1|km|mi|abbr=on}} south of city centre; however, they moved into the working-class area of [[Newnham, Tasmania|Newnham]], {{convert|6|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of central Launceston.<ref name="Ponting20">Richardson (2002), p. 20.</ref>

After marrying his long-time girlfriend, law student Rianna Cantor, in June 2002, Ponting credited her as the reason for his increased maturity.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Zr2UoCV1c4 Ricky Ponting – Australian Story.] ABC TV.</ref> The couple have three children.<ref name="Emmy">{{cite news | title = Baby Emmy a cure for Ponting's trophy woes |work=The Sydney Morning Herald | date = 27 July 2008 | url = https://www.smh.com.au/news/cricket/baby-emmy-a-cure-for-pontings-trophy-woes/2008/07/26/1216492801742.html | access-date =13 August 2009}}</ref><ref name="Matisse">{{cite news | title = Former Australian captain Ricky Ponting and his wife Rianna welcome baby daughter Matisse Ellie |work=The Daily Telegraph | date = 8 September 2011 | url = http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/sport/cricket/former-australian-captain-ricky-ponting-and-his-wife-rianna-welcome-baby-daughter-matisse-ellie/story-e6frey50-1226132161919 | access-date =9 October 2011}}</ref><ref name="Fletcher">{{cite news | title = DSEG on Twitter | date = 24 September 2014 | url = https://twitter.com/DSEGWorldwide/status/514684024120672257 | access-date =25 September 2014}}</ref>

===Junior ranks===
Introduced to cricket by father Graeme and uncle [[Greg Campbell (cricketer)|Greg Campbell]],<ref name="Ponting18">Richardson (2002), p. 18.</ref> Ponting played for the [[Mowbray Cricket Club|Mowbray]] Under-13s team at the age of 11 in 1985–86. In January 1986, he took part in the five-day annual Northern Tasmania junior cricket competition.<ref name="Ponting21">Richardson (2002), p. 21.</ref> After scoring four centuries in a week, bat manufacturer [[Kookaburra Sport|Kookaburra]] gave Ponting a sponsorship contract while in just eighth grade mainly on the back of these four centuries. Ponting took this form into the Under-16s week-long competition less than a month later, scoring an even century on the final day.<ref name="Ponting22">Richardson (2002), p. 22.</ref> Ted Richardson, the former head of the Northern Tasmanian Schools Cricket Association said: "Ricky is certainly the equal of [[David Boon]] at this level.<ref name="Ponting22"/>

Australian Rules football was also a big part of Ponting's sporting life, and is a keen follower of the [[North Melbourne Football Club|North Melbourne Kangaroos]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Beveridge|first1=Riley|title=Your AFL club's most famous supporters, from Barack Obama to Cam Newton|url=https://www.foxsports.com.au/afl/your-afl-clubs-most-famous-supporters-from-barack-obama-to-cam-newton/news-story/03eb54659866d587cf9c2cc4b9f3d8c5|website=Fox Sports|access-date=29 January 2016|date=29 January 2016}}</ref> In 2024, Ponting’s Wine brand (Ponting Wines) announced a partnership with North Melbourne<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-04 |title=North Melbourne partners with Ponting Wines |url=https://www.nmfc.com.au/news/1496277/north-melbourne-partners-with-ponting-wines |access-date=2024-11-09 |website=nmfc.com.au |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ponting Wines Joins Forces with North Melbourne Football Club |url=https://www.pontingwines.com.au/blogs/ponting-wines/ponting-wines-north-melbourne-football-club?srsltid=AfmBOoowOoDzRYCwItIJ-BD1dy9PoXb6XhmlZSLaSkPAu-mVSF4gp0Kx |access-date=2024-11-09 |website=Ponting Wines |language=en}}</ref> During the winter he played junior football for [[North Launceston Football Club|North Launceston]] and up until he was 14, it could have become a possible sporting option. This was before he broke the [[humerus]] in his right arm playing for North Launceston Under-17s as a 13-year-old. Ponting's arm was so badly damaged, it had to be pinned.<ref name="Staples12">Ponting and Staples (1998), p. 12.</ref> Told to endure a 14-week lay-off, he never played competitive football again.<ref name="Ponting24">Richardson (2002), p. 24.</ref>

During Tasmanian [[Sheffield Shield]] matches at the [[NTCA Ground]] (Northern Tasmanian Cricket Association Ground), Ponting helped out with the scoreboard, thereby surrounding himself with international cricketers.<ref name="Ponting25">Richardson (2002), p. 25.</ref><ref name="Staples10">Ponting and Staples (1998), pp. 10–11.</ref> After leaving school at the end of year 10 in 1990, he began work as a groundsman at [[Scotch Oakburn College]], a private school in Launceston. In 1991 the Northern Tasmanian Cricket Association sponsored Ponting to attend a fortnight's training at the [[Australian Cricket Academy]] in Adelaide.<ref name="Ponting26">Richardson (2002), p. 26.</ref><ref name="Staples32">Ponting and Staples (1998), p. 13.</ref> The two weeks turned into a full two-year sponsorship as he was said to be the best 17-year-old batsman Academy coach [[Rod Marsh]] had ever seen.<ref name="Ponting27">Richardson (2002), p. 27.</ref>

Playing five games for Tasmania for the 1992 Under-19 carnival in [[Perth]], Ponting scored 350 runs, earning him selection in the 13-man national Under-19 development squad for the upcoming tour of South Africa—the first Australian cricket team to make an official tour to the country since [[Bill Lawry]]'s team in 1970.<ref name="Staples30&31">Ponting and Staples (1998), pp. 30–31.</ref><ref name="Staples35">Ponting and Staples (1998), p. 35.</ref>

===Early Australian domestic career===
Ponting made his [[First-class cricket|first-class debut]] for Tasmania in November 1992, when just 17 years and 337 days old, becoming the youngest Tasmanian to play in a [[Sheffield Shield]] match. However, he had to wait until 1995 before making his ODI debut, during a quadrangular tournament in New Zealand in a match against [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]]. His Test debut followed shortly after, when selected for the first Test of the 1995 home series against [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] in Perth, in which he scored 96. He lost his place in the national team several times in the period before early-1999, due to lack of form and discipline, before becoming One Day International captain in early-2002 and Test captain in early 2004.
After scoring 114 not out in club match against [[Riverside Cricket Club (Tasmania)|Riverside]], Ponting became the youngest player to appear for [[Tasmanian Tigers|Tasmania]] in a [[Sheffield Shield]] match, breaking Boon's record by 14 days.<ref>Richardson (2002), pp. 30–31.</ref> In November 1992, with Ponting just 17 years and 337 days, he went to the crease at number four against [[Southern Redbacks|South Australia]] at the [[Adelaide Oval]].<ref>Richardson (2002), p. 31.</ref> Despite scoring 56 in a 127-run partnership with Boon, he could not prevent a defeat, scoring just four in Tasmania's second innings.<ref name="Ponting32">Richardson (2002), p. 32.</ref> In his first match in Tasmania, this time against [[New South Wales cricket team|New South Wales]], Ponting contributed 32 and 18 in a draw. He followed this up with 25 against [[Western Warriors|Western Australia]] in a narrow loss. His first match in Sydney also marked the debut of future Australian opening bowler [[Glenn McGrath]]. His subsequent century also meant that Ponting became the youngest Tasmanian to score a first-class century at 18 years and 40 days, eclipsing Boon's record of 19 years and 356 days.<ref name="Ponting32"/> After scoring another half century, Ponting scored back to back centuries against Western Australia on Australia's fastest wicket in [[WACA Ground|Perth]].<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/australia/content/story/256252.html Has the WACA pitch lost its shine?], ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 9 August 2009</ref> He became the youngest batsmen in Shield history to score twin centuries in a match. After setting a goal of scoring 500 runs in the season, he ended up scoring 781 at 48.81. After season's end, Ponting played seven four-day games for the Australian Academy, scoring 484 runs at 96.70, even though he was still only 18.<ref name="Ponting34">Richardson (2002), p. 34.</ref>

Speculation ignited that Ponting was an outsider to join the Australian squad on their [[Australian cricket team in England in 1993|1993 tour to England]]. Despite Ponting's reluctance to weigh into the debate, Tasmanian coach [[Greg Shipperd]] thought he could handle the experience.<ref name="Ponting34&35">Richardson (2002), pp. 34–35.</ref> The selectors ended up choosing Western Australian batsman [[Damien Martyn]] for the tour, with Ponting selected in the academy squad captained by [[Justin Langer]], which toured India and Sri Lanka for seven games in August–September 1993. Australian success was limited, with only several wins. No batsman scored a century, despite Ponting reaching 99 not out in a one-day game in [[Colombo]]. He finished the tour second highest in the aggregates, behind Langer.<ref name="Ponting35">Richardson (2002), p. 35.</ref>
Before the start of the 1993–94 Sheffield Shield season, Ponting stated that he wanted to score 1000 runs for the season.<ref name="Ponting35"/> In Tasmania's final match of the season, they needed to defeat South Australia outright to qualify for the final. Set 366 in 102 overs, Ponting scored 161 in a 290-run partnership that ended with Tasmania needing just 41 runs for victory. Despite Tasmania losing four quick wickets, they won with four wickets in hand.<ref name="Ponting36">Richardson (2002), p. 36.</ref><ref>[http://acscricket.com/Archive/Scorecards/58/58683.htmll South Australia v Tasmania, 17–20 March 1994] {{dead link|date=July 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, CricketArchive. Retrieved 8 August 2009</ref> Disappointingly for Ponting, he could not repeat the performance in the final against New South Wales, scoring just one and 28, as Tasmania were defeated by an innings and 61 runs.<ref>[https://www.inningsbreak.com/final-sydney-march-25-29-1994-sheffield-shield/ New South Wales v Tasmania, 25–29 March 1994] {{cbignore|bot=medic}}, Innings Break. Retrieved 8 August 2009</ref> The season saw Ponting score 965 runs at 48.25, close to his 1000 run goal.<ref name="Ponting36"/><ref name="Ponting143">Richardson (2002), p. 143.</ref>

A month after the final, he was again selected for the academy squad for three limited overs matches against a touring Indian team. Queenslander [[Stuart Law]] captained the Australian team that included former Australian keeper [[Rod Marsh]]. In Australia's victory in [[Canberra]] he top scored with 71 and before scoring 52 in victory in Sydney. The last match was also successful for the home team, with Ponting not required to bat.<ref name="Ponting37">Richardson (2002), p. 37.</ref>

Ponting started his 1994–95 campaign with a century against eventual Shield champions Queensland in Brisbane, impressing Queensland captain [[Allan Border]], "He's just an outstanding prospect", Border said.
Speculation again arose that Ponting could become a candidate for the upcoming [[History of cricket in the West Indies from 1990–91 to 2000#Australia 1994–95|tour to the West Indies]]. When Tasmania played Western Australia at [[Bellerive Oval]] on 4 November 1994, Ponting scored 211. The century was his fifth successive against Western Australia; [[Sir Donald Bradman]] is the only other batsman to score five consecutive centuries against another state in Shield history.<ref name="Ponting38">Richardson (2002), p. 38.</ref> Ten days after the double century, Ponting was named in the Australian XI to take on [[England cricket team|England]] at [[Bellerive Oval]]—in a match that was used as practice before the upcoming series in the West Indies. Future Australian representatives [[Matthew Hayden]], Langer, [[Greg Blewett]] and Martyn were also selected. In a drawn match Ponting compiled a half-century.<ref name="Ponting40">Richardson (2002), p. 40.</ref>

A fourth team was introduced to the [[World Series Cup]] in 1994–95—[[Australia A cricket team|Australia A]]—for the only time. Australian captain [[Mark Taylor (cricketer)|Mark Taylor]] was not a fan of this change as many fans supported Australia A rather than the national team. Despite the negative feedback it gave Ponting a chance on the international stage.<ref name="Ponting40&41">Richardson (2002), pp. 40–41.</ref> Playing for Australia A, he scored 161 runs at 26.83 with one half-century.<ref>[http://acscricket.com/Archive/Scorecards/58/58703.html World Series Cup in Aust. Dec 1994/Jan 1995 – Batting Averages] {{dead link|date=July 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 8 August 2009</ref>

==1995–1999: Early International career==

===Australian debut===
Ponting's domestic performances were rewarded when he was selected for the Australian ODI team to play in all the matches in the 1995 New Zealand Centenary quadrangular tournament in New Zealand, that also included South Africa and India. Ponting made his debut against [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] at number six in the batting order. He scored one from six balls, as Australia successfully chased South Africa's target on a difficult batting track. Australia secured another victory in their next match, this time against [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] in Auckland, where Ponting scored 10 not out, after coming to wicket late in the innings. His highest series score came in the third International where Australia lost to [[India national cricket team|India]] in Dunedin. Ponting was promoted to number three in the batting order and responded by scoring 62 from 92 balls. The innings was scored without a boundary and was based on "deft placement and judicious running."<ref name="Ponting45">Richardson (2002), p. 45.</ref> The loss failed to stop Australia from appearing in the final against New Zealand in Auckland. Ponting returned to number six and was seven not out when the winning runs were scored.<ref name="Ponting44-45">Richardson (2002), pp. 44–45.</ref> He finished the series with 80 runs at 40 and strike rate of 71.42 runs per hundred balls.<ref name="ODI series averages">{{cite web |title =One Day International series averages |url=https://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=2;template=results;type=batting;view=series |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date =16 January 2010}}</ref>

[[Greg Shipperd]] publicly suggested that Ponting could be selected as a reserve [[wicket-keeper]] for the upcoming West Indies tour, despite not keeping-wicket for [[Tasmanian Tigers|Tasmania]]. However, he had kept wicket in pre-season matches and during centre wicket practice. In any case Ponting was selected as a specialist batsman.<ref name="Ponting45"/> "... It was like all my birthdays had come at once. I had some reservations about making my Test debut against arguably the best fast bowling attack in the world", Ponting later said.<ref name="Ponting46">Richardson (2002), p. 46.</ref> The West Indies had been cricket's powerhouse for close to two decades and teams included many feared fast bowlers. Before the tour, Australian captain Mark Taylor thought the last Test batting vacancy was possibly between Ponting and Justin Langer. "Ricky Ponting is more the stroke player while Justin is the tough man. It depends on what we need at the time but you can probably say Ricky has his neck in front because he's been on this tour [of New Zealand]", Taylor said.<ref name="Ponting46"/> Rod Marsh believed Ponting's attitude and fearless approach could tear the West Indies apart. Nevertheless, Ponting did not expect to be selected.<ref name="Ponting47">Richardson (2002), p. 47.</ref> Steve Waugh noted that Ponting would "not be intimidated by the West Indians' inevitable waist-to-chin length."<ref name="Ponting47"/> During the series, Ponting said the current crop of bowlers were not "of the same high class" that opposition teams had come to expect from the West Indies.<ref name="Ponting47"/>

Ponting was selected for the third ODI on 12 March 1995 at [[Queen's Park Oval]], when [[Mark Waugh]] missed out through injury. Ponting—batting at three—was involved in a 59-run partnership with Steve Waugh; however, he was dismissed for 43 when he lifted an attempted pull shot. Mark Waugh returned for the next match and Ponting was subsequently dropped until he replaced an out-of-form David Boon in the fifth and final match, where Ponting got a second-ball duck. In a three-day warm-up match ahead of the Tests, Ponting scored 19, with Greg Blewett scoring a century and Langer compiling a half-century.<ref name="Ponting48">Richardson (2002), p. 48.</ref> The performance was not enough for Ponting to force his way into the Test team; though, Australia did regain the [[Frank Worrell Trophy]] for the first time in 20 years, winning the series 2–1.<ref name="Ponting49-50">Richardson (2002), pp. 49–50.</ref> When Ponting returned to Launceston in June 1995, Tasmania's TAB announced him as their part-time ambassador. He then undertook a tour to England with the Young Australians; a team that included fellow Tasmanian Shaun Young. It also included five future Test batsmen: Matthew Hayden, [[Matthew Elliott (cricketer)|Matthew Elliott]], [[Martin Love]], Justin Langer and [[Stuart Law]].<ref name="Ponting50">Richardson (2002), p. 50.</ref> Despite not batting as well as he "would have liked", Ponting returned to Australia with the fourth highest batting average—48.73.<ref name="Ponting51">Richardson (2002), p. 51.</ref>

Tasmania toured Zimbabwe for five games ahead of the 1995–96 Sheffield Shield. Ponting struggled, aggregating 99 runs at a modest 24.75. By the end of October, he had signed a contract with the [[Australian Cricket Board]], along with 22 other Australian cricketers.<ref name="Ponting51" /> He opened the batting with Boon in Tasmania's first match of the Sheffield Shield season, scoring 20 and 43. Ahead of the following match against Queensland in Hobart, Ponting set himself a goal of scoring a century in each innings; a feat he achieved in a high-scoring draw. His form continued against the [[Sri Lankan cricket team in Australia in 1995–96|touring Sri Lankans]] in a one-day game in [[Devonport, Tasmania|Devonport]], scoring 99. He scored another century against the same opposition in Launceston. During the match, the public address system at the [[NTCA Ground]] announced that Ponting was making his Test debut against Sri Lanka in Perth on 8 December. The following morning saw local newspaper ''[[The Examiner (Tasmania)|The Examiner]]'' headline: "He's Ricky Ponting, he's ours ... and he's made it! Tassie's batting star will play in his first Test." Marsh continued his praise of Ponting, who replaced a dropped Blewett. "I have no doubt Ricky will be trying to get 100 in his first Test game. And I hope he does. You'd back him to. If Ricky carries with him the same attitude that he has seen him succeed at First-class cricket to the next level there is no reason why he will not continue to score."<ref name="Ponting52">Richardson (2002), p. 52.</ref>

Sri Lanka batted first and scored 251, before Ponting—batting at number five due to [[Steve Waugh]]'s absence through injury—arrived at the crease with Australia at a comfortable 3/422. He started nervously, edging his first ball past first slip for a boundary from off-spinner [[Muttiah Muralitharan]]. When Ponting reached 96, [[Chaminda Vaas]] hit Ponting high on his thigh and was given out leg before wicket.<ref name="Ponting54">Richardson (2002), p. 54.</ref> Many members of the crowd and media argued it was an incorrect decision due to excessive height. He combined with [[Stuart Law]], also playing on debut, for a partnership of 121. This was only the ninth ever century partnership by debutants in Test cricket.<ref name="Armstrong153">Armstrong (2006), p. 153.</ref> "I've got mixed emotions about my knock at the moment. 96 is a good score but it would have been nice to get a 100", Ponting said after the innings. "Once I struck a few in the middle of the bat, and I spent some time in the middle I tried to relax and enjoy it, just savour the moment." Australia won the match by an innings.<ref name="Ponting55">Richardson (2002), p. 55.</ref> In the second Test in Melbourne on Boxing Day, he scored a "compact" 71 in his only innings, combining for a century stand with Steve Waugh. He also took the wicket of [[Asanka Gurusinha]] in Sri Lanka's first innings amidst four economical overs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/63707.html |title=Sri Lanka in Australia Test Series – 2nd Test | publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=18 January 2010 }}</ref>

However, Ponting's performance was overshadowed by Australian umpire [[Darrell Hair]] no-balling Muralitharan for throwing on seven occasions, increasing tensions between the two teams.<ref name="Ponting55" /><ref name="p87">Piesse, p. 87.</ref> Ponting's fellow Tasmanian Boon retired after the Third Test, and Ponting's performances were not as strong at number six in the batting order, managing six and 20. Australia won yet again, sweeping the series 3–0, and Ponting was in full praise of Boon. "I would have hated to be the first person to come through from Launceston and make it but he has proved it can be done", Ponting said a year before his Test debut.<ref name="Ponting56">Richardson (2002), p. 56.</ref> Ponting ended his debut Test series with 193 runs at 48.25.<ref name=testlist>{{cite web |title =Statsguru – RT Ponting – Tests – Innings by innings list |url=https://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=1;template=results;type=batting;view=innings |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date =9 December 2006}}</ref><ref name="RT Ponting - Tests - series by series list ">{{cite web |title = RT Ponting – Tests – series by series list |url=https://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=1;template=results;type=batting;view=series |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date =9 December 2009}}</ref>

Though Ponting's appearances for Tasmania continued to be limited, he was still able to top the 1995–96 season averages with 59.50.<ref name="Ponting56"/> He played in all ten games of the World Series ODI Cup played between Australia, Sri Lanka and the West Indies after the Test series.<ref name="Ponting56"/> Ponting started the series at number four but moved up a position midway through the season,<ref name="statsguruodi">{{cite web |title =Statsguru – RT Ponting – ODIs – Innings by innings list |url=https://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=2;template=results;type=batting;view=innings |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date =9 December 2006}}</ref> after opener [[Michael Slater]] was dropped. He broke through for his maiden ODI century in his 12th match, scoring 123 from 138 balls against Sri Lanka at the MCG. However, the effort was not enough to prevent Sri Lanka from victory.<ref name=statsguruodi/> Ponting ended his first home ODI tournament with 341 runs at 34.10, including one century and three fifties, as Australia ended as series champions.<ref name=statsguruodi/>

===1996 World Cup===
A [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam|Tamil Tiger]] bombing in [[Colombo]] coupled with death threats to some members of the team forced Australia to forfeit their scheduled [[1996 Cricket World Cup]] match against Sri Lanka in Colombo.<ref>Piesse, p. 95.</ref> Ponting batted in the number three position for the entire tournament, and scored six in Australia's opening match victory over Kenya. He continued to be inconsistent with scores of 12 and 33 against India and Zimbabwe, before becoming the youngest batsman to score a World Cup century, when he scored 102 runs from 112 balls against the West Indies in [[Jaipur]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aus.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/WORLD_CUPS/WC96/WC96-MATCHES/GROUP-A/AUS_WI_WC96_ODI26_04MAR1996.html |title=Australia v West Indies at Jaipur, 4 Mar 1996 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=30 November 2006 |archive-date=8 July 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120708055242/http://aus.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/WORLD_CUPS/WC96/WC96-MATCHES/GROUP-A/AUS_WI_WC96_ODI26_04MAR1996.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ponting wore a cap instead of a helmet to show the West Indians that he did not fear them. The effort was not enough, as Australia lost by four wickets.<ref name="Ponting59">Richardson (2002), p. 59.</ref> Australia finished second in their group and faced New Zealand in the quarter-finals. He scored 41 followed by a 15-ball duck in a semi-final victory against the West Indies, as Australia staggered to 8/207. Australia appeared to be heading out of the tournament when the Caribbean team reached 2/165, but a sudden collapse saw Australia win by six runs in the last over.<ref name="Ponting60">Richardson (2002), p. 60.</ref> Ponting scored 45 from 73 balls in the final at the [[Gaddafi Stadium]] in [[Lahore]], which Australia lost to Sri Lanka. Ponting ended his first World Cup campaign with 229 runs at 32.71.<ref name=statsguruodi/>

In August, Australia played in the Singer Cup in Sri Lanka, after a five-month break since the World Cup. Despite the political environment being more assured than during the World Cup, Australia still struggled to defeat the Sri Lankans, now full of confidence. Australia overpowered Zimbabwe, before going down the home team. They regrouped and defeated India; however, Sri Lanka defeated Australia, this time in the final. Ponting scored: 53, 46 not out, 0 and 17 for the series.<ref name="Ponting64">Richardson (2002), p. 64.</ref> With Boon's retirement, Ponting was elevated to the No. 3 position in the Test team, and his first assignment in his new role came in a one-off Test against India at the [[Feroz Shah Kotla]] in [[Delhi]]. Foreshadowing his future Test struggles in India, Ponting made 13 and 14 in a seven-wicket defeat.<ref name="Staples64-65">Ponting and Staples (1998), pp. 64–65.</ref> His failed to regain his form in the following Titan Cup involving India, South Africa and Australia. After a "scratchy" game against South Africa, Ponting was rested for the next match against India. Nevertheless, he was recalled for the return match against South Africa, making 17. The series ending poorly for Ponting, being bowled for a duck, as India won the finals.<ref name="Ponting65">Richardson (2002), p. 65.</ref> The pair of ODI tournaments on the subcontinent yielded Ponting only 168 runs at 28.00 from seven matches.<ref name=statsguruodi/><ref name="RT Ponting - ODIs - series by series list">{{cite web |title = RT Ponting – ODIs – series by series list |url=https://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=2;template=results;type=batting;view=series |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date =9 December 2009}}</ref>

Ponting continued in the role for the series against the West Indies in 1996–97 in Australia. After two Test matches and three scores under 10, he was replaced by [[Justin Langer]],<ref name="Third Test Match - Australia V West Indies">{{cite web |year=1998 |title=Third Test Match – Australia V West Indies |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/153321.html |access-date=19 January 2010 |work=Wisden Almanack |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> despite scoring 88 in the First Test.<ref name=testlist/> He was out of the team for six months, and missed the remaining three Tests against the West Indies, the three Tests on the tour to South Africa, both series victories to Australia. Many "experts" thought the decision was unjustifiable. Former Australian coach, Bob Simpson, said: "I really feel that Ricky could have been persevered with. He's a fine young cricketer and he'll now have to prove that he's got the tenacity and temperament to go with it."<ref name="Ponting67">Richardson (2002), p. 67.</ref> Ponting's axing meant he had time to regain his form in the Sheffield Shield. Despite struggling at first, he scored twin centuries against South Australia in Hobart, and proceeded to score another ton against Queensland.<ref name="Ponting67"/>

Ponting was selected for the 1997 Ashes tour of England, but did not play in any of the three preceding ODIs. He was not selected for the first three Tests; England won the first, Australia the third, and the second was drawn. Ponting was given three one-dayers and First-class match against Glamorgan to try to push his case for a Test inclusion. He scored a century in the latter, but managed just five against Middlesex in the last match before the Fourth Test. [[Michael Bevan]] was eventually dropped for Ponting, due to poor form and troubles against the short ball.<ref name="Staples67-69">Ponting and Staples (1998), pp. 67–69.</ref> In his first Ashes Test, Ponting scored his first Test century (127, batting at No. 6).<ref name="Armstrong153"/> He played the last three Tests and ended the series with 241 runs at 48.20.<ref name=testlist/> At the time Australia had a policy of the selecting the same team for ODIs, so Ponting only played in three ODIs in early stages of the 1996–97 season in Australia, scoring 68 runs at 22.66 in December 1996 before being dropped.<ref name=statsguruodi/>

Ponting scored 119 runs at 39.66 in the three-Test home series against New Zealand in 1997–98, including a breezy 73 not out from 85 balls in the second innings of the First Test in Brisbane to help Australia set a winning target.<ref name=testlist/> He then made his first Test century on Australian soil, scoring 105 in the First Test against South Africa at the MCG. He added a fifty in the next match and ended the series with 248 runs at 49.60.<ref name=testlist/> Ponting has his most successful ODI season to date, scoring 462 runs at 57.75 in the annual tri-series, including a 100 against New Zealand and three fifties.<ref name=statsguruodi/> The 100 was Ponting's third ODI century, but Australia had lost all three matches. He scored 76 in the third and deciding final against South Africa, which Australia won. In a brief four-match ODI tour of New Zealand at the end of the season, Ponting scored 76 runs at 25.33.<ref name=statsguruodi/>

===1998 tours of the subcontinent and Ashes===
Just 10 days after their tour of New Zealand, Australia played in a first-class warm-up match in India, ahead of their three match Test series. [[Sachin Tendulkar]] struck a double century in the opening warm-up match as the Australian bowlers struggled to cope with the conditions. Ponting came into the Test series with first-class scores of 53, 37 and 155 behind him. Batting at five and seven in the batting order respectively, he scored 18 in the first innings and two in the second on a "dusty turning track" in the opening Test in Chennai. Despite conceding a 71 first innings lead, Tendulkar struck 155 in India's second innings, as India won by 169 runs.<ref name="Ponting77&78">Richardson (2002), pp. 77–78.</ref> Australia suffered further humiliation in the second Test at [[Eden Gardens]]. India—whom amassed 5/633 in reply to Australia's 233—went onto win by an innings and 16 runs, as Ponting scored 60 and nine.<ref name="Ponting78">Richardson (2002), p. 78.</ref>

Several days after the match, Ponting was thrown out of Equinox night club in [[Kolkata]]. The Indian media reported that Ponting was misbehaving with several women in the nightclub. Ponting was fined $1000 by Australian team management for the incident, and later apologised to staff.<ref name="Ponting78"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2006/oct/29/cricket.features1 |title=Making the Pitch: He battled his way out of a dead-end town, but alcohol and gambling almost destroyed him. Now Ricky Ponting is the world's best batsman.(29 October 2006) |publisher=The Guardian/Guardian News and Media Limited | date=29 October 2006 | access-date=24 March 2010 | location=London | first=Malcolm | last=Knox}}</ref> Ponting later wrote:

{{blockquote|A few of the players wanted to go to a nightspot and so this guy had organised for us to get into a nightclub in Calcutta that was usually restricted to members and special guests. When we arrived at the nightclub this same guy spoke to the doorman. He explained that we were Australian cricketers and after a few minutes, they let us in. What we didn't know was that it was a couples night which meant the only way men could get in was in the company of a female. We were quite happy just hanging out together and having a few drinks, and for me it was a chance to celebrate [[North Melbourne Football Club|North Melbourne's]] win in the [[Australian Football League pre-season competition|AFL Ansett Cup final]] in Melbourne. Everyone was having a good time and knocking down a few beers and the next thing I knew I was asked to leave by one of the security guys. I am usually the last one to leave a nightclub and I wanted to stay, and there was a scuffle but that is all there was to it. I didn't realise we were the only single guys there. To be honest I couldn't remember half of what went on during the night because I'd had a skinful but I definitely did not assault women in the nightclub. Thankfully I had enough witnesses to prove it.<ref name="Staples122&123">Ponting and Staples (1998), pp. 122–123.</ref>}}

In the following Test in [[Bangalore]], Australia won their first Test in India for 29 years, despite 177 not out from Tendulkar, which gave India a slender first innings lead. Ponting scored 16 his only innings as Australia won by eight wickets. He finished the series with 105 runs at 21.00 as the hosts took the Tests 2–1.<ref name="Ponting79">Richardson (2002), p. 79.</ref>

Despite a poor Test series, Ponting's form in ODIs remained strong. In consecutive tournaments in India and [[Sharjah (emirate)|Sharjah]] following the Tests, Ponting scored 467 runs at 51.88. In addition to three fifties, Ponting scored 145 from 158 balls in the Pepsi Cup against [[Zimbabwe national cricket team|Zimbabwe]] in [[Delhi]], equalling [[Dean Jones (cricketer)|Dean Jones]]' Australian record.<ref name="Ponting79"/><ref name="Staples127&128">Ponting and Staples (1998), pp. 127–128.</ref>
Ponting also had his first confrontation with [[Harbhajan Singh]], an Indian [[off spin]]ner who went on to have much success against him. In the [[1998 Coca-Cola Cup|Coca-Cola Cup]] series ODI against India in April, he and [[Mark Waugh]] put on more than 80 runs in 12 overs before Harbhajan was introduced into the attack. In the spinners second over, Ponting took him for four then lofted him over mid-wicket for six next ball. The following delivery saw Ponting use his feet in an attempt to get to the pitch of the ball but missed the shot and was consequently stumped. After the dismissal the pair clashed verbally. Ponting wrote, "The Sharjah incident was the result of me being over-competitive but it had the potential to get quite nasty. I was really disappointed with the shot I played [to get dismissed] and when I looked up Harbahjan was right in my face giving me the finger [gesturing for Ponting to leave the ground with his index finger] and really mouthing off. Had he been a few more metres away from me I would have not reacted like I did or at the most I would have given him a bit of lip as I walked past. I just over-reacted to the provocation." Both players were consequently fined ($500) and reprimanded by the [[Panel of ICC Referees|match referee]], with Harbhajan also suspended for a single ODI as he was adjudged to have breached the [[ICC Cricket Code of Conduct]].<ref name="Staples126&127">Ponting and Staples (1998), pp. 126–127.</ref>

On the subsequent tour of [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] less than six months later, Ponting was dropped in favour of [[Darren Lehmann]]. The left-hander was perceived to be a better player of spin and a better prospect on the dry pitches of the [[Indian subcontinent]] than Ponting. In the first Test starting in October, Lehmann scored 98 in [[Rawalpindi]], as Australia won their first Test in Pakistan in 39 years. Ponting's only Test outing was in a high-scoring second Test draw in [[Peshawar]], when he scored 76 not out and 43 as Lehmann was injured. The match saw [[Mark Taylor (cricketer)|Mark Taylor]] equal [[Don Bradman]]'s Australian record score of 334, when he declared Australia's innings overnight on 4/599, despite being not out. Ponting was replaced by Lehmann for the final Test.<ref name="Ponting79&80">Richardson (2002), pp. 79–80.</ref>

In between the Tests and the ODIs, Australia were knocked out of the 1998 Wills International Cup, starting in late October, when they were defeated by India in their opening match. In a knockout based tournament, Tendulkar scored 141 in India's total of 307; meanwhile, Ponting managed a 53 ball 41, in a 44 run defeat. In a tournament hosted in Bangladesh, South Africa were eventual victors, defeating the West Indies in the final.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/66165.html |title=3rd QF: Australia v India at Dhaka, Oct 28, 1998 | Cricket Scorecard |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=2 April 2010}}</ref> He played in all the following ODIs against Pakistan, which Australia won 3–0. In the final match, Ponting scored 124 not out from 129 balls,<ref name=statsguruodi/><ref name="Ponting79&80"/> as Australia chased down 316 with six wickets to spare.<ref name="ODI Wisden 3">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/151532.html|title=Pakistan v Australia: Third One-Day International |publisher=Wisden Almanack|date=10 November 1998 |access-date=19 September 2009}}</ref> He finished the series with 215 runs at 107.50.

When the Australians returned for the home series against England, Ponting was "in the worst run-scoring groove in his first-class career."<ref name="Ponting84">Richardson (2002), p. 84.</ref> Nevertheless, he was recalled in place of Lehmann, despite the latter's form in Pakistan. This was explained on the basis of "horses for courses"; it was reasoned that Ponting would be more effective against England's pace-oriented bowling attack.<ref name="Ponting85">Richardson (2002), p. 85.</ref> However, Ponting struggled in the first three Tests, scoring 47 runs at 11.75,<ref name=testlist/> and Lehmann regained his spot for the last two matches.<ref name="Ponting85"/> He had played 22 Tests by the end of 1998, with 1,209 runs at an average of 36.63. Ponting was a permanent fixture in the ODI team throughout this period, and scored 322 runs at 46.00 during the Carlton & United (CUB series) series of 1998–99.

During the CUB series, Ponting was involved in a fight outside a pub in [[Kings Cross, New South Wales]], and earned a three match suspension from the national team. He sustained a black eye in the fight.<ref>{{cite web |date=12 June 2009 |title=Ponting banned by board |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ponting-banned-by-board-80202 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19990121/02150435.html |title=Indian Express Front Page: Ponting dropped after brawl at nightclub (21 January 1999) |publisher=Indian Express Newspapers (Mumbai) Limited |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080417015959/http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19990121/02150435.html |archive-date=17 April 2008 }}</ref> Forced to front a media conference with the black eye, Ponting admitted that he had a "problem with alcohol,"<ref>{{cite news |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/cricket/news/1999/01/20/ponting_out/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025070238/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/cricket/news/1999/01/20/ponting_out/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 October 2012 |title=Hit for Six: Ponting admits he has an alcohol problem (20 January 1999) |publisher=CNN/Sports Illustrated Limited | date=20 January 1999 | access-date=22 May 2010}}</ref> and sought external help to attend to this problem. He also thought that his career was on "thin ice" and he had "overstepped" the mark, along with admitting that the episode may have ended his International captaincy aspirations.<ref name="Ponting85" />

==1999–2002: The road back to the Australian team==
Mark Taylor retired from international cricket on 2 February 1999, and was replaced by ODI captain Steve Waugh.<ref name="Ponting87">Richardson (2002), p. 87.</ref> Lehmann failed to make much impact in the final two Ashes Tests and was dropped for the 1998–99 tour of the West Indies, while Ponting was recalled. Ponting's ability against pace-bowling helped his push for inclusion, as the West Indies typically relied entirely on pacemen. However, he was unable to force his way into the team in the first two tests,<ref name="Ponting88&89">Richardson (2002), pp. 88–89.</ref> with number three, Justin Langer, and number six, Greg Blewett, cementing their places in the team. Before the third Test, Blewett suffered a hand injury and Ponting was recalled into the team. On a pitch that became increasingly flat throughout the day, Ponting—who came to the crease with the score at 4–144—joined Steve Waugh in a 281 partnership. After Waugh survived one of Ambrose's "more threatening spells", he scored 199 and Ponting 104. He "batted with maturity and even temperament associated with the champions of the game", according to Waugh.<ref name="Ponting89">Richardson (2002), p. 89.</ref> Australia collapsed in their second innings to be bowled out for 146, with Ponting scoring 22.<ref name=testlist/> Left with a record run-chase in Barbados, the West Indies won by a single wicket, thanks to an unbeaten Brian Lara century. Australia had to win the Fourth and final Test in Antigua to retain the series, after going down 2–1. Ponting scored 21 and 21 not out in the match, as Australia won by 176 runs.<ref name=testlist/><ref name="Ponting90">Richardson (2002), p. 90.</ref> The following seven-match ODI series was not a success for Ponting, scoring just 74 runs at 14.80 in five matches.<ref name="ODI series averages"/> The series was drawn at 3-all and included a tie.<ref name="Ponting91">Richardson (2002), p. 91.</ref>

===First World Cup success (1999)===
Australia started their [[1999 Cricket World Cup|1999 World Cup]] campaign in England with success against minnows Scotland, before defeats by Pakistan and New Zealand.<ref name="Ponting91"/> Ponting scored, 33, 47 and 49 respectively.<ref name="statsguruodi"/> After the twin defeats, pundits doubted whether Australia could make the semi-finals let alone win the tournament.<ref name="Ponting91"/> Australia then defeated Bangladesh with 30 overs to spare, as Ponting batted out of his usual number three spot for the only time in the tournament. In an attempt to increase the run-rate with pinch hitter [[Brendon Julian]], Ponting scored an unbeaten 18 from 10 balls at number four.<ref name="Ponting92">Richardson (2002), p. 92.</ref> Ponting scored 20, 23 and 36 in the following matches against the West Indies, India and Zimbabwe. In the last match of the Super Six stage of the tournament, Australia were to play South Africa in a match they needed to win to make the semi-finals. South Africa batted first and scored 271, before Australia slumped to 3/48. Steve Waugh joined Ponting in the middle and scored 22 runs in ten overs. Both then agreed increase the scoring in a mid-pitch conversation. South African all-rounder [[Jacques Kallis]] could not bowl because of strained abdominal muscles and the batting pair attacked the replacement bowlers, scoring 82 from 10 overs. They were involved in a 126-run stand until Ponting fell for 69 scored in 110 balls, including five fours and two sixes. Waugh went on to make 120 off 110 deliveries helping Australia win with two balls to spare. The teams met again in their next match, this time in the semi-final at Edgbaston on 17 June 1999. Australia only managed 213, with Ponting contributing a solid 37 from 48 balls. In reply, South Africa started strongly, talking 45 from the first nine overs without the loss of a wicket. However, [[Shane Warne]] dismissed [[Herschelle Gibbs]] and [[Gary Kirsten]] before long and eventually took 4/29 from 10 overs. The last over started with the Africans needing nine runs with one wicket in hand. Lower-order hitter, [[Lance Klusener]], proceeded to score eight runs in the next two balls. Drama followed, as Donald was run-out two balls later, resulting in a tie. Australia qualified for the final because they finished higher than their opposition on the Super Six table. They comfortably accounted for Pakistan in the final, winning by eight wickets, after they were set a target of 132. Ponting scored 24 in Australia's first World Cup win since 1987.<ref name="Ponting:93-95">Richardson (2002), pp. 93–95.</ref> He ended the tournament with 354 runs at 39.33.

Australia soon travelled to Sri Lanka for a three-Test series, which they lost 1–0. Ponting was one of Australia's few effective players during the tour and was Man-of-the-Series, ending with 253 runs at 84.33.<ref name=testlist/> In the First Test defeat at [[Kandy]], Ponting scored 96 and 51, almost half of Australia's match total of 328 runs. They lost the match by six wickets, partly due to being unable to handle the spin of Muralitharan who took eight wickets. The Second Test was severely interrupted by rain and Ponting scored just one in his only innings. He scored 105 not out in the Third Test in Colombo, his only Test century in Sri Lanka. Despite having a perceived weakness against spin, Ponting played Muralitharan the best out of all the Australian batsmen.<ref name="Ponting:97-98">Richardson (2002), pp. 97–98.</ref> He scored 31 as Australia won their inaugural Test against Zimbabwe by nine wickets. In the following ODI series between the respective countries, Ponting scored 288 runs at 57.60 with two fifties.<ref name=statsguruodi/>

Ponting started the 1999–2000 season poorly, with ducks in his first three Test innings in the series against Pakistan, including a pair on his home ground [[Bellerive Oval]]. He ended the run in style, scoring 197 in the Third Test at the WACA. Australia won the series 3–0<ref name="Ponting:99-100">Richardson (2002), pp. 99–100.</ref> and Ponting proceeded to score 125 in the First Test against India at the Adelaide Oval. He finished with an unbeaten 141 in the Third Test at the SCG, the culmination of another Australian whitewash.<ref name=testlist/><ref name="Ponting:100-101">Richardson (2002), pp. 100–101.</ref> Ponting was the leading scorer for the series, compiling 375 runs at 125.00.<ref name="RT Ponting - Tests - series by series list "/> He brought this form into the initial stages of the following [[1999/2000 Carlton United|1999–2000 Carlton United]] ODI series, hitting 32 and 115, before three consecutive ducks. Ponting, however, ended the rut towards the back end of the series, stringing together 53, 43, 33, 50 and 78, as Australia won the tournament. Along with his impressive average of 40.4, Ponting's strike rate (87.06) was the highest of all recognised Australian batsmen.<ref name="ODI series averages"/><ref name=statsguruodi/> Perhaps more importantly, Ponting was selected as temporary vice-captain when Shane Warne was unavailable through injury, strengthening his claim for future higher honours. "It's now apparent to me that I'm one being viewed as a future Australia captain", Ponting acknowledged in his newspaper column. "I think it's fair to say unless I was being considered for a future leadership position in the team then someone with significantly more experience, like Mark [Waugh] would have been given the nod to be the team's vice-captain.<ref name="Ponting:102">Richardson (2002), p. 102.</ref> Despite all his good fortune, Ponting slid into the boundary fence and seriously damaged his ankle during the second final against Pakistan, forcing him to miss the upcoming ODI series' in New Zealand and South Africa. The damaged ligaments required a two-hour operation, with doctors telling him how he would not be able to return to cricket until the next summer. He recovered quicker than expected and by May he returned to the golf course and was given approval to start cricket training.<ref name="Ponting:103">Richardson (2002), p. 103.</ref> He returned to the international scene in August for a three-match ODI series against South Africa in Melbourne's indoor [[Docklands Stadium]]. He made only 60 runs, as the series was tied 1–1, with a tie.<ref name="Ponting:103"/>

Ahead of the first Test of the 2000–01 season in November, Ponting found form while playing for Tasmania. He scored 233 against a strong Queensland bowling team that included [[Andy Bichel]], [[Adam Dale]] and [[Ashley Noffke]]. The innings included 37 boundaries and four sixes, and was so dominant, the next highest score for the innings was 61. In the second and final first-class match Ponting played for Tasmania in the season, he scored a more sedate 187 against New South Wales in Hobart, assuring him a place in the Test team, despite Damien Martyn (who replaced Ponting in the team when injured) scoring two centuries for Western Australia. Ponting was overlooked the ODI vice-captaincy, with Gilchrist given the role; however, Ponting captained a Northern Territory XI against the West Indies in the lead-up to the upcoming series.<ref name="Ponting:104">Richardson (2002), p. 104.</ref> Though not known for extravagant claims, Steve Waugh told a journalist that Ponting could easily be the best batsman in the world, and put him alongside Sachin Tendulkar and Brian Lara. When [[Jamie Cox]] was selected for Australia A, Ponting was selected as captain of Tasmania for a domestic one-dayer against Victoria in December. His men won by nine wickets, with Ponting scoring an unbeaten 64 from 69 balls. Australia white-washed the West Indies 5–0 in the Test series; Ponting scored a modest 242 runs at 40.33, with a high score of 92.<ref name="RT Ponting - Tests - series by series list "/><ref name="Ponting:108-109">Richardson (2002), pp. 108–109.</ref>

===Defeat in India and 2001 Ashes===

Injury aside (he missed a three-Test tour of New Zealand in early 2000 after hurting his ankle in a fielding mishap in an ODI Final at Sydney), his position was now secured. Australia toured India in between February and April for three Tests and five ODIs. Australia had not won a Test series in India since 1969.<ref name="Mark Waugh: The biography 268-271">Knight (2003), pp. 268–271.</ref> Australian captain Steve Waugh began calling this the "Final Frontier".<ref>{{cite news |title=Waugh relishes challenge |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/1171510.stm |publisher=BBC Sport |date=15 February 2001 |access-date=22 July 2008 | location=London}}</ref> Australia lost the series 2–1 after winning the first Test,<ref>{{cite web |last=Rutnagur |first=Dicky |date=14 October 2008 |title=The Australians in India, 2000–01 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/154127.html |access-date=28 April 2012 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> and Ponting finished with just 17 runs at an average of 3.4.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=443;type=series |title=Records / Border-Gavaskar Trophy, 2000/01 / Most runs |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=28 April 2012}}</ref> He was dismissed all five times by [[Harbhajan Singh]]. Ponting had a habit of instinctively rocking onto the front foot and thrusting his wrists at Harbhajan's deliveries and was frequently caught in the bat pad positions because of this.

Despite this recent run of poor scores, Ponting was promoted to the key No. 3 position in the Australian batting order at the expense of the dropped [[Justin Langer]], while [[Damien Martyn]] took Ponting's former spot at No. 6, for the very next Test series, the 2001 Ashes tour of England. Ponting began the series poorly, scoring 11,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2001/AUS_IN_ENG/SCORECARDS/AUS_ENG_T1_05-09JUL2001.html |title=1st Test: England v Australia at Birmingham, 5–9 Jul 2001 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> 14, 4,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2001/AUS_IN_ENG/SCORECARDS/AUS_ENG_T2_19-23JUL2001.html |title=2nd Test: England v Australia at Lord's, 19–23 Jul 2001 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> 14 and 17<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2001/AUS_IN_ENG/SCORECARDS/AUS_ENG_T3_02-06AUG2001.html |title=3rd Test: England v Australia at Nottingham, 2–6 Aug 2001 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>—the first four dismissals all to [[Darren Gough]]. In the first innings of the fourth Test, Ponting stood his ground while on 0 after edging to slips and refused to go off the field without a TV replay. Replays revealed that the ball had been grassed and Ponting subsequently went on to score 144 and 72 in the second innings.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2001/AUS_IN_ENG/SCORECARDS/AUS_ENG_T4_16-20AUG2001.html |title=4th Test: England v Australia at Leeds, 16–20 Aug 2001 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> He scored his 216 runs in only 226 balls. In doing so, he repeated his feat in 1997 of returning to form at Headingley. He ended the series with 338 runs at 42.25. Starting with that 2001 [[The Ashes|Ashes]] series he has batted No. 3 in all but four of his Test innings.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://statserver.cricket.org/guru?sdb=player;playerid=2230;class=testplayer;filter=advanced;team=0;opposition=0;notopposition=0;homeaway=0;continent=0;country=0;notcountry=0;groundid=0;season=0;startdefault=1995-12-08;start=2001-07-01;enddefault=2007-01-05;end=2007-01-05;tourneyid=0;finals=0;daynight=0;toss=0;scheduleddays=0;scheduledovers=0;innings=0;followon=0;result=0;seriesresult=0;captain=0;keeper=0;dnp=0;recent=;viewtype=bat_list;runslow=;runshigh=;batposition=0;dismissal=0;bowposition=0;ballslow=;ballshigh=;bpof=0;overslow=;overshigh=;conclow=;conchigh=;wicketslow=;wicketshigh=;dismissalslow=;dismissalshigh=;caughtlow=;caughthigh=;caughttype=0;stumpedlow=;stumpedhigh=;csearch=;submit=1;.cgifields=viewtype |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120717193813/http://statserver.cricket.org/guru?sdb=player;playerid=2230;class=testplayer;filter=advanced;team=0;opposition=0;notopposition=0;homeaway=0;continent=0;country=0;notcountry=0;groundid=0;season=0;startdefault=1995-12-08;start=2001-07-01;enddefault=2007-01-05;end=2007-01-05;tourneyid=0;finals=0;daynight=0;toss=0;scheduleddays=0;scheduledovers=0;innings=0;followon=0;result=0;seriesresult=0;captain=0;keeper=0;dnp=0;recent=;viewtype=bat_list;runslow=;runshigh=;batposition=0;dismissal=0;bowposition=0;ballslow=;ballshigh=;bpof=0;overslow=;overshigh=;conclow=;conchigh=;wicketslow=;wicketshigh=;dismissalslow=;dismissalshigh=;caughtlow=;caughthigh=;caughttype=0;stumpedlow=;stumpedhigh=;csearch=;submit=1;.cgifields=viewtype |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 July 2012 |title="Statsguru" filtered ESPNcricinfo statistics between 1 July 2001 and 2 March 2007 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo }}</ref>

The touring New Zealanders were not expected to provide much of a challenge to the in-form Australians during the three-match Test series starting in November. The opening Test in Brisbane, saw the tourists came within 11 runs of victory, before the Test was drawn; partly to do with inclement weather. Ponting scored five and a run-a-ball 32 not out in Australia's second innings, as they pushed for a declaration. After scoring 4, 0 and 0 in his previous Test outings at [[Bellerive Oval]], Ponting broke through with a man-of-the-match performance of 157 not out in the Second Test, before further rain resulted in another draw. The result of the Third Test in Perth was no different, with Ponting scoring 31 and 26. Set a record 440 to win, Australia finished on 7/381 at stumps on the final day, despite half-centuries from Gilchrist and the Waugh twins. He ended the Test season 366 runs at 52.28.<ref name=testlist/>

==2002–2004: Appointment as One Day International captain==

===Appointment as One Day International captain===
[[File:Ricky Ponting helmet.jpg|thumb|150px|Ponting at a training session at the [[Adelaide Oval]] in 2009.]]
Although the Test team had continued to perform well, sweeping [[South African national cricket team|South Africa]] 3–0 in the home series in 2001–02, the One-Day International (ODI) team suffered a slump, failing to qualify for the finals of the [[World Series Cup|triangular tournament]], leading to the dropping of [[Steve Waugh]] from the one-day team in February 2002. Ponting was elevated to the captaincy, ahead of then vice-captain [[Adam Gilchrist]]. The fortunes of the ODI team revived immediately, and Ponting's men won their first series during the tour of South Africa, defeating the team that had won the tournament which ended Waugh's reign.

Following his elevation to the ODI captaincy, Ponting played a prominent role in the Test tour of South Africa. He scored 100 not out to steer Australia to a four-wicket win in the Second Test in Cape Town, bringing up the winning runs with a six from the bowling of [[Paul Adams (cricketer)|Paul Adams]]. He struck 89 in the Third Test and ended the series with 308 runs at 77.25 with a strike rate of 76.48.<ref name=testlist/> Australia entered the seven-match ODI series without both of the Waugh twins.

Ponting was prominent in the 3–0 whitewash of Pakistan on neutral territory in late 2002. He struck 141 in the First Test in Colombo and 150 in the Third Test in Sharjah to end with 342 runs at 85.50.<ref name=testlist/>

===2002–03 Ashes victory and first World Cup success as captain===

[[English cricket team in Australia in 2002–03|England toured]] for the 2002–03 Australian season, and Ponting struck 123 in the First Test in Brisbane. His form continued with 154 in the Second Test in Adelaide, meaning that he had scored four centuries in five Tests.<ref name=testlist/> Australia won the latter match by an innings and Ponting scored 68 in the Third Test in Perth as Australia took an unassailable 3–0 lead. He was unable to pass fifty in the final two Tests and ended the series with 417 runs at 52.12.<ref name=testlist/> Australia won the VB series held between and after the Tests. After the conclusion of the Third Test, Australia's 30-man squad for upcoming [[2003 Cricket World Cup|2003 World Cup]] was announced. Steve Waugh was a somewhat surprising omission, despite being unable to force his way back into the ODI team since being dropped after team disappointment in the [[2001–02 VB Series]].<ref name="2003 World Cup Diary 2-4">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2003), pp. 2–4.</ref> Ponting scored a slow 18 from 30 deliveries in Australia's victory in the opening match of the 2002–03 VB series against England in Sydney. He proceeded to score 119 from 123 balls (nine fours and three sixes) in Australia's second match of the series—again against England, this time at the MCG—sharing an all wicket record Australian ODI partnership of 225 with Adam Gilchrist in the process. Despite a comfortable Australian victory, Warne dislocated his right shoulder while diving to stop a ball.<ref name="2003 World Cup Diary 6-8">Ponting and Murgtroyd (2003), pp. 6–8.</ref> The success continued through the 2002–03 ODI series in Australia. Winning the finals series against England 2–0.

Australia hit trouble on the personnel front in the lead up to the World Cup. Lehmann was handed a seven-match ban for racial abuse, the world's number 1 ranked ODI batsman [[Michael Bevan]] was injured, as was [[all rounder]] [[Shane Watson]], who had to withdraw from the World Cup. At the time, another all-rounder, [[Andrew Symonds]], had been performing poorly and had been heavily maligned by cricket analysts, but Ponting strongly advocated his inclusion. The selectors granted Ponting his wish, although the decision was considered highly controversial, especially with Waugh campaigning for his recall as an all-rounder.

A few days before the tournament started, Australia were in further turmoil, when leading bowler [[Shane Warne]] was sent home after failing a drugs test, and a replacement could not be flown in until after the first match. With Bevan and Lehmann still sidelined, Australia went into their opening match with little choice over their line-up, and Symonds having to play. However, Symonds repaid Ponting's faith with an unbeaten 140 after Australia lost three quick wickets to be in early trouble. Australia beat Pakistan, and gained further momentum by defeating India by nine wickets in less than half their allotted overs in the next match. Symonds continued to put in a series of match-winning performances and continued to be strongly backed by Ponting from then on. Ponting himself performed solidly with 53 against Pakistan and 24 not out, hitting the winning runs to guide Australia home.

He failed to perform in the rest of the group matches including just 2 against [[Namibia national cricket team|Namibia]] and 18 against England in a poor performance which Australia managed to win just. He began the Super Six stage with a massive 114 against Sri Lanka. This innings included 4 sixes and he was very aggressive. He failed in the rest of the Super Six stage and the semi-final against the same opposition (Sri Lanka). In the [[2003 Cricket World Cup#Final|Final]], they met [[India national cricket team|India]], who they had crushed in the group stage. Indian captain Sourav Ganguly controversially sent the Australians in to bat, citing cloud cover, but Ponting's batsmen attacked immediately and put the Indian bowlers under pressure. They went on to score 359–2, a record for a world cup final by over 100 runs. Ponting top-scored with a brilliant 140 not out from 121 balls. India's batsmen could not cope with the target, and were defeated by a record (for World Cup Final matches) 125 runs.<ref name="Armstrong154">Armstrong (2006), p. 154.</ref> "I have had some amazing times and some proud moments in my career, but the events at the Wanderers have topped the lot. Lifting the World Cup alongside 20 other proud Australians ... [It is] without doubt the best moment of my cricketing life."<ref name="World Cup diary 246">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2003), p. 246.</ref> Ponting led his team to a dominant, undefeated, performance in the [[2003 Cricket World Cup]], winning all 11 of their matches.

Ponting was announced as long-term vice-captain in place of Adam Gilchrist for Australia's away series in the Caribbean starting in April 2003.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 3">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 3.</ref> The first Test was not the first time Ponting had been vice-captain of the Australian Test team however, as he was thrust into the role against the West Indies in 2000 and England in 2001—because of injuries to Steve Waugh. Although Gilchrist had not done anything untoward, Ponting was elevated because Australian selectors wanted him to captain if Waugh was to be injured. This was Ponting's third tour to the Caribbean, and he was rested from the only warm-up match ahead of the Tests.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 5">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 5.</ref> Nevertheless, he continued his World Cup form in the First Test, scoring 117 and 42 not out on a slow and low pitch, as Australia won by nine wickets.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 7&8">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), pp. 7–15.</ref><ref name="Ponting My First Year 410">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 410.</ref> Ponting scored his first double century (206) in the Second Test, as he and Darren Lehmann shared an Australian third-wicket partnership record of 315 against a weak bowling attack. Australia defeated the West Indies by 118 runs on the final day—retaining the [[Frank Worrell Trophy]].<ref name="Ponting My First Year 21-26">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), pp. 21–26.</ref> The Tasmanian's rich vein of form continued in the Third Test, after being rested for a tour match against [[Barbados national cricket team|Barbados]]. He scored 113 before running himself out, as Australia batted first on a pitch at the [[Kensington Oval]] described as the slowest Waugh had played on.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 27-28">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), pp. 27–28.</ref> Waugh's men proceeded to take a 3–0 series, with a comfortable nine-wicket victory.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 33">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 33.</ref> Ponting missed the final Test, as Australia conceded the Test record run chase of 418; nevertheless, Ponting was still awarded the man-of-the-series award, after ending the series with 523 runs at 130.75.<ref name=testlist/><ref name="Ponting My First Year 38-39">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), pp. 38–39.</ref>

===5,000 Test runs===
{{Main|Bangladesh cricket team in Australia in 2003|Zimbabwean cricket team in Australia in 2003–04}}
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; width:50%;"
|-
!colspan="7"|'''Test cricket record'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Statistics / Statsguru / Ricky Ponting/Test Cricket|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=1;template=results;type=allround|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=25 April 2015}}</ref>
|-
| ||Matches||Runs||Best||Average||100s||50s
|-
|Home||92||7578||257||56.97||23||5
|-
|Away||71||5360||206||45.81||16||17
|-
|Neutral||5||440||150||55.00||2||7
|}
Ponting then scored 10 and 59 as Australia recorded comfortable innings victories in their inaugural series against Bangladesh, played in [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]] and [[Cairns]] in the tropical north of Australia in the winter of 2003. In the third and final match of the ODI series following the Tests, Ponting scored a composed century, as he and [[Michael Bevan]] put on a run-a-ball 127-run stand.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/214858.html|title=Australia v Bangladesh: Third One-Day International |publisher=Wisden Almanack|last=Lynch |first=Steven |date=6 August 2003 |access-date=7 September 2009}}</ref>

Australia's cricket summer started in October; a month earlier than usual because of their ODI series in India following their home series against Zimbabwe.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 85">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 85.</ref> Due to the season's early start, many of the Australian players were not match fit. McGrath missed the series with an ankle injury, while there were concerns about whether Australia should be playing Zimbabwe because of [[Robert Mugabe]]'s regime.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 86">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 86.</ref> The first Test started on 9 October in Perth, as Australia started strongly batted first against a Zimbabwean bowling attack that lacked penetration on a flat WACA wicket.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 86&87">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), pp. 86–87.</ref> However, Ponting was dismissed leg before wicket for 37,<ref name="Ponting My First Year 87">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 87.</ref> while Hayden went on to break [[Brian Lara]]'s world record Test score of 375.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/3179152.stm |title=Hayden smashes Test record |publisher=BBC News |date=10 October 2003 |access-date=2 April 2010}}</ref> Australia won the Test by an innings and 175 runs on the final day.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 95">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 95.</ref> In the next Test at the SCG Australia fielded an inexperienced team due to injuries and won by nine wickets; sweeping the series 2–0. Ponting struck 169 and 53 not out, and passed 5,000 Test runs during his first innings century.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 99">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 99.</ref> The Australian number three ended the two-match series with 259 runs at 129.50.<ref name=testlist/> In the midst of the lack of public attention and poor crowds, Ponting wrote how he was unsure whether Bangladesh and Zimbabwe should be playing Test cricket.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 105">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 105.</ref>

Australia flew to India two-day after the conclusion of the Zimbabwean series to play in the TVS Cup against India and New Zealand. They opened their campaign on 26 October against India in [[Gwalior]], but were defeated by 37 runs, as Ponting was dismissed for two. Australia played New Zealand in match three of series in [[Faridabad]]. An early 9 am start saw New Zealand bowled out for 97, despite Australia bowling 17 wides. Australia comfortably reached the target, losing only two wickets in the process; one of which was Ponting for 12, who felt that he was "in terrible form.".<ref>Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), pp. 115–116.</ref> Before Australia's next game, Ponting was named the Wisden International Cricketer of the Year in an award ceremony in Mumbai.<ref>Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 117.</ref> Two days later, the city saw Australia defeat India by 77 runs, helped by Ponting's 31.<ref>Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 118.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/66367.html| title = TVS Cup (India) – 4th match – India v Australia | publisher=ESPNcricinfo| access-date =6 October 2009}}</ref> He continued his run without a large score, managing just 16 in the fifth match of the series against New Zealand; however, Australia won a hard-fought contest.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/66368.html| title = TVS Cup (India) – 5th match – Australia v New Zealand | publisher=ESPNcricinfo| access-date =6 October 2009}}</ref> He regained his form in a victory over New Zealand in match—scoring 52 in [[Guwahati]].<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/132466.html "Bevan inspires Australia to victory"], ESPNcricinfo, 9 November 2003. Retrieved 9 October 2009.</ref> Ponting improved further against India in match eight in [[Bangalore]]. After Gilchrist scored his first ODI century against India, Ponting scored an unbeaten 108 from 103 balls, to help Australia win by 61 runs. Ponting hit seven sixes and one four, becoming the first batsman to end up with only one four in an ODI century.<ref name="Fourth-innings gladiators and Ponting airborne">[http://www.cricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/131860.html "Fourth-innings gladiators and Ponting airborne"], ESPNcricinfo, 14 November 2003. Retrieved 9 October 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/131815.html "Gilchrist and Ponting power Australia to 61-run win"], ESPNcricinfo, 12 November 2003. Retrieved 9 October 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/66371.html| title = TVS Cup (India) – 8th match – India v Australia | publisher=ESPNcricinfo| access-date =9 October 2009}}</ref> Ponting struggled to come to terms with the pitch early, reaching his 50 in 69 balls, before scoring his next 50 in 31 deliveries.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 125&126">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), pp. 125–126.</ref> After defeating New Zealand, India qualified for the final against Australia. Batting first in Kolkata, Australia managed 5/235, as Ponting scored 36. India were bowled out for 198, leaving Australia victors by 37 runs.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 130&131&132">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), pp. 130–132.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/66373.html| title = TVS Cup (India) – Final match – India v Australia | publisher=ESPNcricinfo| access-date =6 October 2009}}</ref><ref name="Winning when it matters">[http://www.cricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/131969.html "Winning when it matters"], ESPNcricinfo, 19 November 2003. Retrieved 9 October 2009.</ref> He finished the series with 296 runs—the third highest run-scorer—at an average of 42.83.<ref name="Ponting My First Year 450">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. 450.</ref>

===Most runs by an Australian in a calendar year (2003)===
{{Main|Indian cricket team in Australia in 2003–04}}

After making 54 and 50 in the rain-drawn First Test in Brisbane, Ponting scored double-centuries in back-to-back Tests against India, in the Second Test at Adelaide (242) and at Melbourne (257, his career high).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://statserver.cricket.org/db/ARCHIVE/2003-04/IND_IN_AUS/SCORECARDS/IND_AUS_T2_12-16DEC2003.html |title=2nd Test: Australia v India at Adelaide, 12–16 Dec 2003 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo }}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://statserver.cricket.org/db/ARCHIVE/2003-04/IND_IN_AUS/SCORECARDS/IND_AUS_T3_26-30DEC2003.html |title=3rd Test: Australia v India at Melbourne, 26–30 Dec 2003 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo }}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> He hit 31 not out in the second innings in Melbourne as Australia levelled the series 1–1 and scored 25 and 47 in the drawn Fourth Test in Sydney to end as the leading run-scorer for the series, with 706 runs at 100.85.<ref name=testlist/> Harbhajan had been sent home after the First Test with an injury to his spinning finger.

Having also scored 206 at [[Port-of-Spain]] earlier in the year, he became only the second player ([[Sir Donald Bradman]] the other) to hit three double-centuries in a calendar year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://statserver.cricket.org/db/ARCHIVE/2002-03/AUS_IN_WI/SCORECARDS/AUS_WI_T2_19-23APR2003.html |title=2nd Test: West Indies v Australia at Port-of-Spain, 19–23 Apr 2003 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo }}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> Ponting's 242 against India at Adelaide is also the highest ever Test score by a batsman whose team was subsequently defeated in the match.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/sports_talk/stump_bearders/default.stm|title= Test Match Special – Stump the Bearded Wonder No 137|publisher=BBC Sport | date=22 December 2006 | access-date=4 January 2010 | location=London}}</ref>
After [[Steve Waugh]]'s retirement at the beginning of 2004 following the drawn home series against India, Ponting assumed the Test captaincy. Since 1997 the Australian team has not always had the same captain for Tests and for ODIs, with [[Mark Taylor (cricketer)|Mark Taylor]] and [[Steve Waugh]] being dropped from the ODI team whilst still the Test captain.

==2004–2008: Appointment as Test captain==
{{Main|2004 ICC Champions Trophy|New Zealand cricket team in Australia in 2004–05|Pakistani cricket team in Australia in 2004–05}}

{{Blockquote|Ricky Ponting was destined to lead his country – I couldn't have handed Australian cricket's ultimate individual honour to a more capable and deserving man. A leader must earn respect and lead from the front, and on both of these counts Punter has undoubtedly excelled. When the one-day leadership duties were passed over to Ricky in South Africa, my main piece of advice to him was, 'Make sure you take care of your own game and maintain your form, because everything else will follow from that.' Since assuming the mantle, Punter has shown himself to be among the top three batsmen in the world in both forms of the game, and has elevated his hunger and desire for runs to a level most can only aspire to.|Steve Waugh writing about Ponting replacing him as Australian captain<ref name="Ponting My First Year ix">Ponting and Murgatroyd (2004), p. ix.</ref>}}
[[File:SRWaugh.png|thumb|left|upright|After [[Steve Waugh]]'s (pictured) retirement at the beginning of 2004 following the drawn home series against India, Ponting assumed the Test captaincy.|alt=Middle-aged man around 30 wearing a [[baggy green]] cap with the Australian coat of arms, Australian blazer, green with yellow stripes, and a cream cricket shirt. He is clean shaven and has brown hair.]]
Ponting started with a 3–0 clean sweep of the Test series in Sri Lanka. Ponting brought Symonds into the Test team on the back of strong ODI form, rather than first-class cricket, replacing [[Simon Katich]], who had scored a century and unbeaten fifty in the last Test. However, this backfired and Symonds was dropped after two Tests. Nevertheless, it was a far cry from Australia's last two Test campaigns in Sri Lanka, which had resulted in a 1–0 and 0–1 results respectively. Individually though, Ponting struggled, especially in comparison to his efforts in 1999. He scored 198 runs at 33.00, his only effort beyond 30 being 92 in the first innings of the Third Test at the Sinhalese Sports Club ground in Colombo.<ref name=testlist/>

Australia hosted Sri Lanka for two Tests during the winter, in the tropical north. Ponting missed the victory in the First Test in Darwin due to a family bereavement, and scored 22 and 45 as the Second Test in Cairns was drawn.

Despite their success at World Cups, Australia continued their failure to win the [[ICC Champions Trophy]]. They were knocked out by hosts England in the semifinals in 2004.

After missing most of the tour of India due to injury, Ponting returned for the Fourth Test. By this time, Australia had taken an unassailable 2–0 series lead, his deputy Gilchrist leading the tourists to their first Test series win in India since 1969–70. Leading spinner [[Shane Warne]] injured himself on the eve of the match, which was played on a very dry pitch at the [[Wankhede Stadium]] in [[Mumbai]]. [[Off spin]]ner [[Nathan Hauritz]] and [[leg spin]]ner [[Cameron White]], who were not regular wicket-takers in domestic cricket, were surprise selections ahead of [[Stuart MacGill]] for the tour. The reasoning given by the selectors was that as they intended to play only one spinner—Warne—MacGill was unlikely to play so they would not lose anything by taking some young spinners instead, in order to gain experience. However, it was too late for MacGill to be flown in, and Hauritz played and took 5/103. Ponting made 11 and 12 and Australia lost a low-scoring match in less than two days' equivalent playing time. Ponting was very vocal in criticising the playing surface after the match.

[[File:Ricky Ponting signing.jpg|thumb|right|Ponting signing autographs in Sydney, 2005, before he scored his fourth career double century.]]
Ponting oversaw a successful campaign in the 2004–05 Australian season. They won all five Tests, defeating New Zealand 2–0 and Pakistan 3–0. Ponting scored 145 runs at 72.50 against New Zealand in a winning start to his Test captaincy on home soil. For his performances in 2004, he was named as captain of both the World Test XI and ODI XI by ICC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/143090.html|title=Rahul Dravid is the ICC's player of the year|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

Up to this point, Ponting's prolific form with the bat in 2003 had tapered away following his ascension to the captaincy and he had not made a century in eight Tests, a long period by his standards. In the First Test against Pakistan in Perth, Ponting made 98 in the second innings. Australia went on to crush the visitors by over 400 runs. Ponting struck 62 not out in the second innings as Australia won by nine wickets in the Second Test in Melbourne, and then brought up his maiden century as captain, scoring 207 in the New Year's Test in Sydney, which ended in another convincing nine-wicket triumph. He ended the series with 403 runs at 100.75.

Australia then won a three-Test tour against New Zealand away 2–0. Ponting ended the series in style, scoring 105 and 86 not out in the Third Test win in New Zealand. In his first Test series in the country, he scored 293 runs at 97.66.

===Australia lose an Ashes series for the first time since 1987===
{{Main|2005 Ashes series|ICC Super Series 2005}}

Australia lost to England 2–1 after starting the series as favourites.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 July 2005 |title=It's Australia all the way |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/it-s-australia-all-the-way-213873 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> Ponting thus became the first Australian captain since [[Allan Border]] in 1986–87 to lose an Ashes series. The 2005 series was hailed as one of the great Test series, but Ponting faced significant criticism afterwards and his tenure as captain was questioned.<ref>{{cite web |last=Miller |first=Andrew |date=13 September 2005 |title=The moments that made the memories |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/the-moments-that-made-the-memories-219098 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Lillee calls for Ponting sacking |date=14 September 2005 |agency=Agence France-Presse |url=http://www.cricinfo.com/engvaus/content/story/219173.html }}</ref> In his defence, Ponting said that Australia had simply been outplayed and had not stepped up at crucial moments in the matches. He rejected suggestions that [[Shane Warne]] should be captain in his stead.<ref>{{cite news |date=14 September 2005 |title=Ponting defends his position |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |agency=Agence France-Presse |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ponting-defends-his-position-219241}}</ref>

After the first two matches the score was 1–1, having lost [[Glenn McGrath]] during the warm-up at Edgbaston and falling short of victory by just 3 run. England had the upper hand throughout the third Test at [[Old Trafford Cricket Ground|Old Trafford]], where Australia needed to bat through the last day to force a [[The result in cricket#Draw|draw]]. Ponting scored 156, the first Australian century of the series, and was dismissed only four overs from the end of the day.<ref>Armstrong (2006), p. 155.</ref> This left Australia nine wickets down but their final pair survived the remaining overs. In the fourth Test at [[Trent Bridge]], Australia again batted poorly and was forced to follow-on. In the second innings, Ponting was well set on a score of 48, and England was in some difficulty due to an injury to key paceman [[Simon Jones (cricketer)|Simon Jones]], when the Australian captain was run out by a direct hit from the substitute fielder ([[Gary Pratt]]). Ponting reacted angrily, directing an abusive tirade at the English support team in the pavilion concerning the liberal use of substitutes as he walked into the Australian rooms. England had routinely used substitutes so that their bowlers could receive massages between their spells, but in this case, Pratt was on the field due to an injury to Jones, who had been taken to hospital and would go on to miss the fifth and final Test match of the series. Ponting was later fined 75% of his match fee by the match referee.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/aug/29/ashes2005.ashes2 |title=Ponting apology as captain and Katich are fined |work=The Guardian |location=UK |first=Alex |last=Brown |date=29 August 2005 }}</ref>

Australia went on to lose the match, despite a spirited fightback with the ball on the last day. Also in this match Ponting bowled six overs, and took his first wicket since March 1999; [[Michael Vaughan]] caught behind by [[Adam Gilchrist]]. The Fifth Test at [[The Oval]] was curtailed by rain and although Australia had the English batsmen in danger on the final day, a rearguard counterattacking partnership by [[Kevin Pietersen]] and [[Ashley Giles]] on the final afternoon secured a draw for the hosts. Thus, the Ashes were lost for the first time in 16 years.

The setback to Australia, and to Ponting as Australian captain, of the 2005 Ashes defeat, was to prove a strong motivation for the Australian camp to improve their standards and overcome any complacency that may have arisen from Australia's being the world's premier cricketing nation for a decade. Prior to the Ashes defeat, Australia's dominance had prompted the ICC to organise a series against a World XI, immediately after the Ashes. Following the Ashes defeat, Australia were expected to struggle against the World XI, but bounced back to whitewash them 3–0 in the ODIs; they also won the only Test easily, Ponting scoring 46 and 54. However, the series was also criticised due to the apparent lack of collective desire of the World XI, who were regarded more as a collection of individuals.

===Twin centuries in 100th Test===
{{Main|2005–06 Chappell–Hadlee Trophy|South African cricket team in Australia in 2005–06}}

[[File:Ricky Ponting.jpg|right|thumb|Ponting during his 124 against Sri Lanka on 12 February 2006 at the Sydney Cricket Ground.|alt=A man in a cricket uniform swinging the bat at a sports ground. A crowd watches in the background.]]

Australia were untroubled during the 2005–06 home season—whitewashing the West Indies 3–0 before defeating South Africa 2–0 in three Tests. They then toured South Africa and recorded a 3–0 whitewash in the Tests. In the series against the West Indies, Ponting scored a century in each innings of the First Test in Brisbane, 149 and 104 not out. In his first Test as captain in front of the Tasmanian public, Ponting managed 17 and 0 not out, and he ended the series with 329 runs at 82.25.

Ponting was in a rich vein of form against the South Africans. After scoring 71 and 53 in the drawn First Test in Perth, Ponting scored 117 on Boxing Day in the Second Test at the MCG. Australia won the match and Ponting scored 120 and 143 not out to end the series and start the New Year with a dramatic win in the Third Test at the SCG. South African captain [[Graeme Smith]] declared on the final morning of a rain-curtailed match and tried to open up the game in a bid to equal the series. He left Australia a target of 287 runs in 76 overs, and Ponting made 143 not out in only 159 balls to secure an eight-wicket win. It was the first time anyone had scored [[List of cricketers who scored a century in their hundredth Test|two centuries in their 100th Test]] and Ponting was named man of the match and man of the series. He had scored 515 runs at 103.00.

For his performances in 2005, he was named once again as captain of the World Test XI by ICC.

===Australia's first Champions Trophy victory===
{{Main|Australian cricket team in South Africa in 2005–06|Australian cricket team in Bangladesh in 2005–06|2006 ICC Champions Trophy}}

In 2005 Ponting began using cricket bats with a graphite covering over the wooden blade of the bat, as did other players contracted to [[Kookaburra Sport]]. This was ruled by the [[Marylebone Cricket Club|MCC]] to have contravened Law 6.1, which states that bats have to be made of wood, although they may be "covered with material for protection, strengthening or repair not likely to cause unacceptable damage to the ball". Ponting and Kookaburra agreed to comply, before the series against South Africa.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.news24.com/News24/Sport/Cricket/0,,2-9-839_1882874,00.html |title=Ponting's bat illegal – ICC |publisher=News24.com |date=16 February 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001000708/http://www.news24.com/News24/Sport/Cricket/0%2C%2C2-9-839_1882874%2C00.html |archive-date=1 October 2007 }}</ref>

Australia continued their run in South Africa even in the absence of McGrath for family reasons. Ponting scored 103 and 116 in the Second Test in Durban, making it three Test centuries in consecutive innings at the ground. He ended the series with 348 runs at 58.00. Remarkably his performance at Durban meant that Ponting had scored twin centuries in three separate Tests between November 2005 and March 2006, as part of 1192 runs at 79.5 in nine matches over the same period.

On 12 March 2006 Ponting scored 164 in only 105 balls in the [[Fifth ODI, Australian cricket team in South Africa in 2005–06|5th ODI against South Africa]] in [[Johannesburg]], as Australia made a record total of 434 for 4, only to be beaten by South Africa's 438 for 9.<ref name="JoburgODI">{{cite web |last=Miller |first=Andrew |date=12 March 2006 |title=South Africa win the greatest match of all |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-tour-of-south-africa-2005-06-212912/south-africa-vs-australia-5th-odi-238200/match-report |work=The Bulletin |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> At the end of the match Ponting was jointly awarded Man of the Match with [[Herschelle Gibbs]]. Ponting was not happy with the performance and once in the dressing rooms delivered "the biggest spray" he hoped to do while captain of Australia.<ref name="Captain Diary 2006 202&203">Ponting and Armstrong (2006), pp. 202–203.</ref>

The Australians moved on to their maiden Test tour of Bangladesh thereafter, and narrowly avoided an ignominious loss in the First Test at Fatullah. After the home team took an unexpected first innings lead, Ponting scored an unbeaten 118 in the second innings to guide his team to a three-wicket win. He scored 52 in the Second Test as Australia won by an innings and took the series 2–0.

Australia won the [[2006 ICC Champions Trophy]] in India, finally winning the ODI tournament that had eluded them despite their World Cup success. After the final in Mumbai, Ponting drew some criticism for appearing to ask BCCI president and Indian cabinet minister [[Sharad Pawar]] to "leave the podium" and pointing towards the exit with his finger, while his teammate [[Damien Martyn]] pushed him gently in the back so that his team could commence celebrations. The issue, while minor, was solved when Ponting issued a formal apology to Pawar.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 November 2006 |title=Pawar yet to get any apology |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/pawar-yet-to-get-any-apology-267271 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 November 2006 |title=Ponting makes peace with Pawar |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ponting-makes-peace-with-pawar-267353 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

For his performances in 2006, he was named in the World ODI XI by the ICC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc-awards/content/story/266801.html|title=Ricky Ponting takes top honours at glittering ICC Awards night|date=3 November 2006|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> For his performances in 2006, he was named as captain of the World Test XI by ESPNcricinfo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/274468.html|title=Twelve from '06|date=2 January 2007|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

===Ashes regained and 10,000 ODI runs at 2007 World Cup===
{{Main|2006-07 Ashes series|2007 Cricket World Cup|2007 ICC World Twenty20|Australian cricket team in India in 2007–08}}

{{see also|List of batsmen who have scored over 10000 One Day International cricket runs}}

In November 2006, the England cricket team again took on Australia in the first Test of a five Test series that was widely expected to be a tremendous contest between Australia, the top team on the world cricket rankings, and the England team, whose aggregated results over the last few years had it standing second in the rankings. Despite Australia this time having the advantage of playing on its own soil, the England team that had wrested the Ashes from the Australians was expected to be highly competitive.
[[File:Australia regain Ashes 2006.jpg|thumb|The Australian cricket team with a replica of The Ashes urn]]
In the First Test in [[Brisbane]], Ponting top-scored in Australia's first innings with 196 runs, and he followed this up with 60 not out in the second as Australia took the initiative with a commanding win. In the Second Test in [[Adelaide]], Ponting top-scored with 142, helping Australia to a total of 513 in response to England's 6/551. Australia went on to win the match by six wickets after a last day English collapse, Ponting making 49 in the chase. At the conclusion of the match, Ponting's batting average peaked at 59.99. The Third Test played at the [[WACA Ground]] saw another win to Australia by 206 runs to reclaim the Ashes; Ponting made 2 and 75. The 15 months they had been in English hands was the shortest period either nation had held the urn. Further wins in Melbourne and Sydney, made Ponting's team the second team (after [[Warwick Armstrong]]'s Australian team in 1920–21) to win an Ashes series 5–0, and that against what had been thought to be a formidable team, the second strongest cricketing team in the world. Ponting was awarded [[Man of the Series]] for the 2006–07 Ashes series after scoring 576 runs at an average of 82.29 including 2 centuries and 2 half centuries. For his performances in 2006, he was named in the World Test XI by ICC.

Australia then started the ODI series well, qualifying in first place for the final. However, they stumbled and lost 2–0 to England in the finals. Ponting was then rested for the Chappell–Hadlee Trophy ahead of the World Cup, and in his absence, the Australians were whitewashed 3–0, leading to suggestions that his team had slumped just ahead of the most important ODI tournament in world cricket.

Australia left for St Vincent, Australia's venue for its two warm-up matches against Zimbabwe and England on 28 February without Brett Lee because of ankle damage. In the first warmup game against Zimbabwe, Ponting scored just 2 in Australia's 106 run victory.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/wc2007/engine/current/match/247446.html |title=Australia v Zimbabwe at Kingstown, Mar 6, 2007 | Cricket Scorecard |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=2 April 2010}}</ref> In Australia's second and last warm up game, this time against England, Ponting again failed to make an impact, scoring just 7 before he was bowled by off-spinner [[Jamie Dalrymple]].<ref name="Australia V England, 9 March 2007">{{cite web | title = Australia V England, 9 March 2007 | publisher=ESPNcricinfo | date = 9 March 2007 | url = http://www.cricinfo.com/wc2007/engine/current/match/247454.html | access-date =11 July 2009}}</ref>

Australia started its World Cup campaign with three group matches played at [[Warner Park Sporting Complex|Warner Park]], [[St Kitts]]. Ponting himself began successfully with an innings of 113 from 93 deliveries that included five sixes, as Australia were dominant in 203-run victory against Scotland. Despite scoring just 23 in the next match against the Netherlands, Australia still amassed 358 and proceeded to win by 229 runs. In their next match against South Africa, Australia amassed 377/6—their highest score in World Cups. Ponting also scored 91 from 91 balls, and became the seventh player to score 10,000 ODI runs. Despite South Africa being 160 without loss in the 21st over, they crumbled, losing 9 wickets for just 74 runs.<ref name="Hayden muscles Australia to victory">{{cite news |date=24 March 2007 |title=Hayden muscles Australia to victory |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-cup-2006-07-125929/australia-vs-south-africa-22nd-match-group-a-247478/match-report |access-date=11 July 2009}}</ref><ref name="Hurricane Hayden, and Kallis on the crawl">{{cite news |date=24 March 2007 |title=Hurricane Hayden, and Kallis on the crawl |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/hurricane-hayden-and-kallis-on-the-crawl-287137 |access-date=11 July 2009}}</ref>

[[File:Australian World Cup treble.jpg|thumb|A large crowd of over 10,000 fans welcome the Australian team on completing the first World Cup hat-trick – Martin Place, Sydney.]]
Australia comfortably qualified for the [[2007 Cricket World Cup Super Eight stage|Super Eights]] with their first match played at the new [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]] in [[Antigua]]. Ponting stated that he was not very impressed with the outfield labelling it "ridiculously sandy".
The Australian captain was run out when on 35, with his team amassing 322 mainly thanks to 158 from Hayden. In a match spread out over two days, Australia comfortably defeated the home team by 103 runs.<ref>{{cite news |date=28 March 2007 |title=Bowlers follow Hayden's lead in 103-run win |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-cup-2006-07-125929/west-indies-vs-australia-25th-match-super-eights-247481/match-report |access-date=11 July 2009}}</ref> In their next match, Australia come up against lowly Bangladesh in another rain interrupted affair. This time the match was shortened to 22 overs per side. In the end Australia won by 10 wickets with Ponting not getting a chance to bat.<ref>{{cite news |date=31 March 2007 |title=Australia storm to ten-wicket win |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-cup-2006-07-125929/australia-vs-bangladesh-29th-match-super-eights-247485/match-report |access-date=11 July 2009}}</ref> In their next match against England, again in Antigua, Ponting scored a half-century, guiding Australia to a seven-wicket victory.<ref name="Impressive Ponting guides Australia">{{cite news |date=8 April 2007 |title=Impressive Ponting guides Australia |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-cup-2006-07-125929/australia-vs-england-35th-match-super-eights-247491/match-report |access-date=11 July 2009}}</ref>
After not getting a bat in Australia's rout of [[Ireland cricket team|Ireland]] in Barbados, Ponting steered Australia to victory in their next match against Sri Lanka in Grenada, with 66 not out. Grenada was again the venue for Australia's final super eights match, this time against New Zealand. Again amongst the runs, Ponting produced a fluent 66 that included seven boundaries, with his team wrapping up their biggest victory of the tournament. With his men now firm favourites for the tournament, they again came up against South Africa in the semi-final. South Africa, who were reeling at 27/5, ended up setting Australia 150 to win. Although Ponting scored 22, Australia easily dispatched South Africa by 7 wickets. He was named as captain of the 'Team of the Tournament' by ESPNcricinfo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/292881.html|title=And the winners are ...|date=30 April 2007|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

For his performances in 2007, he was named in the World ODI XI by the ICC and ESPNcricinfo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/review2007/content/story/328571.html|title=Mainly Aussie|date=3 January 2008|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

===Sydney Test controversy===
{{Main|Sri Lankan cricket team in Australia in 2007–08|2007–08 Chappell–Hadlee Trophy|Indian cricket team in Australia in 2007–08}}

The 2007–08 started a new era for Australia, as McGrath and Warne had both retired at the end of the previous Ashes series. The pair had taken more than 1250 Test wickets between them, and the only three Test defeats that Australia had suffered under Ponting, once against India in Mumbai in 2004 and the two against England in 2005, had all occurred when one of the two were injured. Now that both had gone, critics wondered whether Australia and Ponting could maintain their success with their two main strike weapons absent. Australia had not played a Test since the Ashes, while being involved in 32 ODIs and eight Twenty20 Internationals.<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 91">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), p. 91.</ref> The period started well for Australia; winning the first Test against Sri Lanka in Brisbane by an innings and 40 runs. Ponting struck 56 from 84 balls (seven fours) in Australia's total of 551. The Second Test in Hobart, saw Ponting score 31 (66 balls) and 53 not out (2 fours and a six) in front of his home crowd, as Australia wrapped up the series 2–0. Ponting scored 140 runs at 70 and took three catches.<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 316-320">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), pp. 316–320.</ref> For his performances in 2007, he was named as captain once again in the World Test XI by ICC.

[[File:Ricky Ponting toss.jpg|Ponting at the toss for an ODI against India at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.|100px|thumb]]
However, the series against India was much harder-fought. Australia won the First Test easily, by 337 runs, but the matches thereafter were more difficult. The [[Second Test, 2007-08 Border-Gavaskar Trophy|Second Test]] was closely fought and ended in Australian victory minutes before the end of play. This saw Australia equal the world record of 16 consecutive Test wins; Ponting, was part of Steve Waugh's team that set the previous record in 1999–2001. However, the cricket was overshadowed by player conduct issues.

After the match ended the stadium erupted in cheering as the Indians walked off the field, and the Australians celebrated their record-equalling win.<ref name="Declaration">{{cite web|url=http://content-www.cricinfo.com/baggygreen/content/story/329405.html|title=Kumble questions Australia's spirit|date=6 January 2008|access-date=28 September 2009|archive-date=8 January 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080108070510/http://content-www.cricinfo.com/baggygreen/content/story/329405.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Australian team did not shake hands with Indian players on the field, especially Kumble who was waiting there after the fall of the final wicket.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cricketnews.com.au/michael-clarke/ |title=Michael Clarke |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105072036/http://www.cricketnews.com.au/michael-clarke/ |archive-date=5 January 2009 }}</ref> Though the Australian and Indian teams shook hands before heading into the dressing rooms later, but Kumble, who was batting at the end of the match, showed his displeasure by not shaking hands with the umpires. India expressed their resentment by boycotting the post-match presentation ceremony.
In the post-match press conference, [[Anil Kumble]] summed up his view of the game by stating, "Only one team is playing in the spirit of the game" – a statement that alluded to Australian captain [[Bill Woodfull]]'s leaked private admonishment of English manager Sir [[Pelham Warner]] during the [[Bodyline|1932–33 Bodyline series]]. [[Chetan Chauhan]], India's team manager said his players were "agitated and upset by... the incompetent umpires here... [and hoped] that they will not officiate again in the series". Ponting was questioned over the wrong decision, the racism row, and especially the wicket of Ganguly during which he held his finger up to indicate to [[Mark Benson]] that Ganguly has been caught. Ponting was aggressive towards the Indian journalists, lashing out at them for "questioning my [Ponting's] integrity". The Australian players faced much questioning as a result of the fallout of the incident. The Australian team maintained that they play hard but fair. In regards to the racism issue, Ponting denied he did anything wrong by singularly reporting Harbhajan Singh for being abusive. Ponting stated that he was obligated to refer any incidents of racism to officials as it is widely agreed that racism is unacceptable anywhere in the world.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/01/08/cricket.tour/index.html?section=cnn_latest |title=Cricket tour on despite race row |publisher=CNN |date=8 January 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080112150815/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SPORT/01/08/cricket.tour/index.html |archive-date=12 January 2008 }}</ref> After criticism of the Australian team in multiple media continued, a shocked Ponting promised to ensure that his team's conduct is not seen to be arrogant in future matches.<ref name="clean up">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/11/stories/2008011164222300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113063911/http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/11/stories/2008011164222300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 January 2008|title=Ponting promises to clean up the act|date=11 January 2008|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai, India}}</ref> [[Peter Roebuck]], a columnist in ''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]'', branded Ponting as "arrogant" and insisted that be stripped of the captaincy.<ref name="Peter Roebuck">{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/cricket/arrogant-ponting-must-be-fired/2008/01/07/1199554571883.html|title=Arrogant Ponting must be fired|last=Roebuck|first=Peter|author-link=Peter Roebuck|date=8 January 2008|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|location=Sydney}}</ref>

In the early part of the Test series against India, Ponting continued to struggle against Harbhajan, falling to him three consecutive times in the first two Tests. On the third occasion, Ponting was again caught at bat pad, from the first ball that Harbhajan bowled to him, prompting the bowler to celebrate raucously. Harbhajan missed the Third Test and upon his return in the fourth Test, Ponting broke through for his first Test century against India in matches involving Harbhajan, scoring 140. However, the second half of the series was less successful for Australia as a team; India won the Third Test, ending the Australian streak, and the Fourth Test was a high-scoring draw. The Adelaide Test aside, Ponting had an otherwise unproductive season, scoring 268 runs at 38.28.

In the Commonwealth Bank series, Ponting struggled until Australia's last round robin match against India where he and another poor performing Australian batsmen, Andrew Symonds put on a 100 run partnership with Ponting making a hundred and Symonds making 50. Australia won two of their three-round robin matches against the Indians, but the tables were turned in the finals, which the tourists won 2–0.

===Third Australian to score 10,000 Test runs===
{{Main|Australian cricket team in the West Indies in 2008}}

The tour of the West Indies was the first overseas Test series for Australia in 25 months, and the first for Ponting's new look bowling attack.<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 257">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), p. 257.</ref> In five previous Test series in 1999 and 2003, he averaged 98.71, with four hundreds. He also averaged 42.80 in 25 ODIs from four tours—1995, 1999, 2003 and the 2007 World Cup.<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 250">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), p. 250.</ref> After eight months of consecutive cricket from the World Twenty20, Ponting was surprised about how good he was feeling, despite believing that he would be weary from the amount of cricket he had played.<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 249">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), p. 249.</ref>
In the only warm up match before the series—against a Jamaican XI,<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 252">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), p. 252.</ref> the Australians drew controversy from various sections of the media as they chose to wear a sponsors cap over the traditional Baggy Green cap. This was because wicket–keeper [[Brad Haddin]] did not want to receive a Baggy Green as he was yet to play in a Test. The rest of the team decided they wanted to look uniform although they wore their Baggy Greens in Jamaica's second innings.<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 254">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), p. 254.</ref><ref>[http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,20797,23715291-5003413,00.html "Aussie cricketers wear VB cap in West Indian match"], ''The Courier Mail'', 18 May 2008. Retrieved 28 August 2009. {{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>[https://www.smh.com.au/news/cricket/baggy-green-reclaims-pride-of-place/2008/05/18/1211049064807.html "Baggy green reclaims pride of place"], ''Sydney Morning Herald'', 19 May 2008. Retrieved 28 August 2009.</ref> Ponting scored 17 in the first innings and 20 not out in the second, as a storm prevented an Australian victory.<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 256">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), p. 256.</ref>

After winning the toss and electing to bat in the First Test in [[Kingston, Jamaica]], Ponting recorded his 35th Test century and was eventually dismissed for 158 from 224 balls.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/wivaus/content/current/story/351973.html "Sublime Ponting punishes West Indies"], ESPNcricinfo, 12 May 2008. Retrieved 28 August 2009.</ref> Despite forcing their way back into contention, the West Indies were defeated by 95 runs.<ref name="WI 2008 1st Test">{{cite web |url=http://www.cricinfo.com/wivaus/engine/match/319139.html |title=West Indies vs. Australia, Sabina Park, Kingston, July 22–26, 2008|access-date=28 August 2009|publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> In the Second Test, Ponting became the seventh player and third Australian to score 10,000 Test runs. It took Ponting 118 Tests and 196 innings to achieve the feat, one slower than Tendulkar and Lara. He was dismissed in the following over for 65.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/cricket/pontings-10000-test-runs-just-the-half-of-it/2008/05/31/1211654373935.html|title=Ponting's 10,000 Test runs just the half of it | agency=Australian Associated Press| work=The Sydney Morning Herald| last=Brown |first=Alex |date=1 June 2008|access-date=10 December 2009}}</ref> Ponting scored 38 in Australia's second innings, as the match ended in a draw.<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 357-358">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), pp. 357–358.</ref> Australia won the third Test,<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 359-360">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), pp. 359–360.</ref> and the Australian captain ended the series with 323 runs at 53.83.<ref>[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=3615;type=series "Records/The Frank Worrell Trophy, 2008/Most runs"], ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 28 August 2009.</ref> Although Australia won the three–Test series handsomely, with a 2–0 margin, they were to face stronger opposition overseas, in the next year. Difficulties were also beginning to appear in the spin department. MacGill, who had taken over 200 wickets in his career despite playing only sporadically due to the presence of Warne, suffered a loss of form and decided to retire during the series. [[Brad Hogg]], the regular ODI spinner had also retired prior to the series, and [[Beau Casson]] made his debut in the final Test.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/354175.html? "Right place, right time"], ESPNcricinfo, 10 June 2008. Retrieved 28 August 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/wivaus/content/story/354316.html "Australia pick Casson for third Test"], ESPNcricinfo, 10 June 2008. Retrieved 28 August 2009.</ref>

After not batting in Australia's Twenty20 loss in [[Bridgetown]], Ponting was rested for the [[List A]] 50-over game against the University of West Indies Vice Chancellor's XI.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/wivaus/content/story/355694.html "Watson stars in easy Australian win"], ESPNcricinfo, 22 June 2008. Retrieved 28 August 2009.</ref> He returned for the first three ODIs and scored just 87 runs at 29.00, notching up his 300th ODI during the 2nd match.<ref>[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=3616;type=series "Records/Australia in West Indies ODI Series, 2008/Most runs"], ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 28 August 2009.</ref><ref>[https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ponting-to-notch-up-300-odis-358132 "Ponting to notch up 300 ODIs"], ESPNcricinfo, 26 June 2008. Retrieved 28 August 2009.</ref> Ponting scored 69 in the third match, before returning home because of a wrist injury. Under the captaincy of Michael Clarke in the final two games, Australia swept the series 5–0.<ref name="2008 Captains Diary 288 & 289">Ponting and Armstrong (2008), pp. 288–289.</ref>

==2008–2011: Decline in form==

===Mixed team performances===
{{Main|Australian cricket team in India in 2008|South African cricket team in Australia in 2008–09|New Zealand cricket team in Australia in 2008–09|Australian cricket team in South Africa in 2008–09}}

In 2008, Ponting led the Australians back to India and was under pressure following the confrontations during the Indian tour of Australia earlier in the year. He acknowledged that he was keen to rectify his poor Test batting record in India. In the First Test on a turning pitch in Bangalore,<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/indvaus2008/content/story/373030.html "Australia bank on Bangalore factor"], ESPNcricinfo, 8 October 2008. Retrieved 2 November 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/indvaus2008/content/story/373034.html "Ponting expects 'good batting surface'"], ESPNcricinfo, 8 October 2008. Retrieved 2 November 2009.</ref> Ponting brought up his first Test century in India, 123 on the first day, although he eventually fell leg before wicket to Harbhajan. Australia had the hosts seven wickets down in their first innings, still more than 320 runs in arrears, but India recovered to salvage a draw after a rearguard effort.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/373113.html?CMP=OTC-RSS "Ponting century sets up Australia"], ESPNcricinfo, 9 October 2008. Retrieved 24 September 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/indvaus2008/content/story/373841.html "Uncharacteristic Tendulkar and Laxman save the day"], ESPNcricinfo, 13 October 2008. Retrieved 24 September 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/indvaus2008/content/story/373222.html "Hard work pays off for Ponting"], ESPNcricinfo, 9 October 2008. Retrieved 24 September 2009.</ref>

In the Second Test in Mohali. Australia were defeated by 320 runs and Ponting was criticised for using part-timer bowlers against the free-scoring Indian batsmen in the second innings, because of a slow over-rate, which is can be penalised by a fine, or in severe instances, a ban to the captain. This meant that he was not able to use pace spearhead [[Brett Lee]] significantly.

The Third Test in Delhi saw a flat pitch, where India scored 7/613 in its first innings in which Ponting resorted to bowling himself for two overs. Ponting amassed 87 in Australia's first innings score of 577. The match ended in a draw and Australia needed to win in the Fourth Test in Nagpur to retain the Border-Gavaskar Trophy.<ref name="Ponting Captain's Diary 2009 38-39">Ponting and Armstrong (2009), pp. 38–39.</ref> On the fourth afternoon of the Fourth Test, the Indian batting collapsed, and Australia had an opportunity to bowl them out and chase a target of around 250–300 after the tea break.<ref>"Cricket writers and commentators were stunned by what they saw as [Ponting's] efforts to improve Australia's sluggish over rate rather than going for broke to try and win the vital Nagpur Test." "[http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5jtLgZ1cpWeC9J6j0VQHtrJQswR4Q Aussie press slams Ponting tactics] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914214059/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5jtLgZ1cpWeC9J6j0VQHtrJQswR4Q |date=14 September 2010 }}", ''AFP'' 9 November 2008.</ref> However, the Australians were a long way behind on their [[List of cricket terms#O|over rate]], so in order to avoid a one match suspension, Ponting chose to bowl their [[All-rounder|part-time]] spinners and medium pacers such as [[Michael Clarke (cricketer)|Michael Clarke]], [[Cameron White]] and [[Mike Hussey]] (who were all unsuccessful in capturing a wicket), as they took less time. In the meantime, captain [[MS Dhoni]] and Harbhajan both added half centuries. This drew strong criticism from many [[Sportscaster|commentators]], who suggested that their [[Fast bowling|faster bowlers]], who had been responsible for the collapse, could have bowled from a shorter run-up. When the fast bowlers were reintroduced, the last four wickets fell quickly. This left Australia chasing 382 runs for victory and they lost by 172 runs to cede the series 2–0. In the first innings, Ponting became Harbhajan's 300th Test wicket and the Australian captain ended the series with 264 runs at 37.71. While below his career standards, it was substantially better than his previous Test efforts in India.

Fined in India for a slow over rate, Ponting failed to redress the matter during the subsequent [[New Zealand cricket team in Australia in 2008–09|home series against New Zealand]], when match referee [[Chris Broad (cricketer)|Chris Broad]] dealt a second successive fine for being three overs behind in the First Test: Ponting was stripped of thirty per cent of his A$12,750 match fee, twice the punishment of his teammates in accordance with [[International Cricket Council]] rules for captains.<ref>{{cite news |date=24 November 2008 |title=Ponting in more trouble with over-rates |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ponting-in-more-trouble-with-over-rates-379390 |access-date=4 July 2009}}</ref> Australia were largely untroubled by New Zealand, sweeping both Tests. Ponting scored only 100 runs at 33.33.

[[File:Pm cricket shots09 6086 new.jpg|thumb|left|Ponting with [[Brad Haddin]] (left) and [[Nathan Hauritz]] (right) in the Third and final Test against South Africa in Sydney, January 2009]]
In the first Test against South Africa in Perth, starting in December, Ponting again had to reduce his reliance on his preferred pace bowlers, and rely more on spinners due to a slow over rate. His persistent problems with the over rate prompted some commentators to criticise him for spending too much time during the match conferring with bowlers. In the first innings he scored a duck, and managed 32 in Australia's second innings. Ponting's inexperienced attack had trouble dismissing the opposition batsmen, and South Africa made 4/414, the second highest successful runchase in history to win by six wickets on the final day.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/ausvrsa2008_09/content/story/383601.html "de Villiers exorcises demons with record-breaking chase"], ESPNcricinfo, 21 December 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2009.</ref>

Ponting experienced a form slump for much of 2008, albeit in comparison to his usually high standards. However, he again exceeded 1,000 runs in the calendar year. Ponting scored his 37th century in the first innings of the Second Test against South Africa on Boxing Day, and followed that with 99 in the second innings, seemingly a lone stand against the South African bowling attack.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/ausvrsa2008_09/content/story/384279.html "Ponting bats himself some relief"], ESPNcricinfo, 26 December 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2009.</ref><ref>[https://www.theage.com.au/news/sport/cricket/ponting-out-for-99-proteas-chase-183/2008/12/29/1230399115721.htmll "Ponting out for 99, Proteas chase 183"], ''The Age'', 29 December 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2009.</ref> The tourists won the match by nine wickets to win the series. Australia thus lost their first home Test series since 1992–93.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/ausvrsa2008_09/content/story/384734.html "'Rebuilding will take a while' – Ponting"], ESPNcricinfo, 30 December 2009. Retrieved 29 September 2009.</ref> Australia lost the series 2–1, the first time South Africa had won a Test series against Australian since 1970, and the first on Australian soil. Ponting totalled 285 runs at 47.50 for the series.

With the retirement of experienced opening batsman Matthew Hayden—who was replaced by the uncapped 20-year-old [[Phillip Hughes]]—the Australian team that toured South Africa in February, March and April 2009 was its most inexperienced since the defections to [[World Series Cricket]]. This was further compounded by the loss of Andrew Symonds to injury, who was replaced by the uncapped [[Marcus North]]. The bowling attack also required major changes, due to the injuries to [[Brett Lee]] and [[Stuart Clark]]. Subsequently, paceman [[Mitchell Johnson (cricketer)|Mitchell Johnson]] was the only bowler with more than four Tests heading into the series. Of the First Test team, Hughes, North, [[Ben Hilfenhaus]], [[Peter Siddle]] and [[Andrew McDonald (cricketer)|Andrew McDonald]] had only five Tests between them, with the former three making their debut.<ref>{{cite web |date=2 March 2009 |title=Fresh faces come to the party |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/fresh-faces-come-to-the-party-393132 |access-date=2 April 2010 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> Ponting's team took the series 2–1, so Australia maintained their No. 1 Test ranking. Ponting was praised for cobbling together an unexpected win, as South Africa were thought to be stronger on home soil. He scored eighties in the first two Tests, ending with 210 runs at 35.00.

For his performances in 2008, he was named as captain once again of the World ODI XI by the ICC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/369272.html|title=Ponting leads ODI Team of Year|date=10 September 2008|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

===Second Ashes series loss as captain===
{{Main|2009 ICC World Twenty20|Australian cricket team in England in 2009|2009 Ashes series|2009 ICC Champions Trophy|Australian cricket team in India in 2009–10}}

After losing their opening match of the 2007 World Twenty20 to Zimbabwe, Ponting's men were looking for a more positive start to the 2009 edition in England. They opened their campaign in early June against a West Indian outfit that had recently been whitewashed 2–0 in the Test series against England. However, Ponting made a second ball duck in Australia's seven wicket defeat.<ref name="2009 World T20 1st match">[http://www.cricinfo.com/wt202009/content/story/407810.html "Australia still not at home in newest format"], ESPNcricinfo, 6 June 2009. Retrieved 20 September 2009.</ref><ref name="2009 World T20 1st match Bulletin">[http://www.cricinfo.com/wt202009/content/story/407736.html "Gayle and Fletcher blast past Australia"], ESPNcricinfo, 6 June 2009. Retrieved 20 September 2009.</ref> They played Sri Lanka in their next match, this time at [[Trent Bridge]] in [[Nottingham]]. Ponting hit five boundaries on his 25 before he was bowled trying the run-rate, before Sri Lanka won by six wickets. The defeat consequently eliminated Australia from the tournament.<ref name="2009 World T20 2nd match Bulletin">[http://www.cricinfo.com/wt202009/content/story/408062.html "Sangakkara and Dilshan dump Australia out"], ESPNcricinfo, 8 June 2009. Retrieved 20 September 2009.</ref>

In Australia's two drawn warm-up matches ahead of the [[2009 Ashes series|2009 Ashes]], Ponting struggled to adjust to the English conditions, somewhat, with a highest score of 71.<ref name="Clarke papers over Australian cracks">[http://www.cricinfo.com/engvaus2009/content/story/410628.html "Clarke papers over Australian cracks"], ESPNcricinfo, 26 June 2009. Retrieved 20 September 2009.</ref><ref name="Tour Match: Sussex v Australians at Hove">[http://www.cricinfo.com/engvaus2009/engine/current/match/350038.html Tour Match: Sussex v Australians at Hove"], ESPNcricinfo, 24–27 June 2009. Retrieved 20 September 2009.</ref><ref name="Tour Match: England Lions v Australians at Worcester">[http://www.cricinfo.com/engvaus2009/engine/match/350039.html Tour Match: England Lions v Australians at Worcester"], ESPNcricinfo, 1–4 July 2009. Retrieved 20 September 2009.</ref> Nevertheless, he started the Ashes series strongly, scoring 150 in the First Test in [[Cardiff]]. In his 38th hundred and eighth in an Ashes series, the Australian number three batsman became just the fourth man to score 11,000 runs in Test cricket.<ref>[http://wl.news.com.au/perthnow/story/0,21598,25763503-5005402,00.html "Ricky Ponting bowled for 150, short of runscoring record"]{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''Perth Now'', 9 July 2009. Retrieved 20 September 2009.</ref> The match ended in a draw and Ponting drew criticism for failing to bowl fast-bowler [[Ben Hilfenhaus]] while England's last-wicket pair of [[Monty Panesar]] and [[James Anderson (cricketer)|Jimmy Anderson]] were batting to save the match.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/engvaus2009/content/story/413487.html "Ponting's batting makes up for captaincy"], ESPNcricinfo, 9 July 2009. Retrieved 20 September 2009.</ref> Ponting could only manage two and 38, as Australia were defeated in the second Test at [[Lord's]]—their first Test defeat at the venue since 1934. On 31 July, during the Third Test at [[Edgbaston Cricket Ground|Edgbaston]], Ponting became the highest Australian run-scorer in the history of Test cricket, overtaking former Australian captain [[Allan Border]]'s total of 11,174 in his first-innings score of 38. The match was eventually drawn, partly due to poor weather.
{{Blockquote|... It takes three ingredients to make a great player – determination, courage and skill – and he's got all three in abundance. He's also developed into a great leader. Players really enjoy playing for him and that's sometimes a difficult trait to bring out in people. You can tell by the way the team respond to him that his leadership skills are among the finest. Combine this with his batting skill and that's a pretty intimidating package.|Allan Border<ref>''The Examiner'', p. w8, 2 August 2009</ref>}}
[[File:Ponting silly mid-off.jpg|right|thumbnail|Ponting fielding during First Test in Cardiff]]
Australia went on to lose the series 2–1 and Ponting became only the third Australian captain to lose the Ashes twice. Despite not being a selector, Ponting was heavily criticised for Australia not playing Hauritz and his apparent reluctance to put faith in his spinners. He was questioned, particularly on Australia's recent habit of often not playing a specialist/regular spinner. Instances of these were the first three Tests in India, the omission of Krejza for the First Test against New Zealand immediately after taking 12 wickets on debut, and opting for no spinner in the first two Tests in South Africa.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.skysports.com/opinion/story/0,25212,16417_5424330,00.html|title=StraussvPonting Spoof on Twitter | work=Sky Sports | date=10 July 2009}}</ref>

On 7 September 2009, Ponting announced his retirement from Twenty20 international cricket in order to prolong his career.<ref>{{cite news
|url= https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2009/sep/07/ricky-ponting-twenty20-retire |title= Ricky Ponting retires from Twenty20 internationals |work= The Guardian |date= 7 September 2009 |access-date= 28 March 2015}}
</ref><ref>{{cite news
|url= https://au.sports.yahoo.com/cricket/a/5952822/ricky-ponting-retires-from-international-twenty20-cricket/ |title= Ricky Ponting retires from international Twenty20 cricket |work= Yahoo |date= 7 September 2009 |access-date= 28 March 2015}}
</ref> He was succeeded as Australian Twenty20 captain by team vice-captain [[Michael Clarke (cricketer)|Michael Clarke]].

Australia came into the [[ICC Champions Trophy|Champions Trophy]] ranked second in ODIs; along with being the events reigning champions.<ref name="More mismatch than rematch">[http://www.cricinfo.com/iccct2009/content/story/426557.html "More mismatch than rematch"], ESPNcricinfo, 26 September 2009. Retrieved 27 September 2009.</ref> They opened their campaign against an undermanned West Indian outfit who were without prominent players because of an industrial dispute.<ref name="Under-strength Windies worry Ponting">[http://www.trinidadexpress.com/index.pl/article_sports?id=161536229 "Under-strength Windies worry Ponting"], ''Trinidad News'', 25 September 2009. Retrieved 26 September 2009. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090927043750/http://www.trinidadexpress.com/index.pl/article_sports?id=161536229 |date=27 September 2009 }}</ref> On a "lively pitch", Ponting top-scored with 79, after reaching his half-century in 63 balls. He hit opening bowler and future nemesis, [[Kemar Roach]], for four boundaries in the seventh over of the match, and scored a six and two fours against the fast-bowler when he was reintroduced into the attack in the 21st over. The innings set up Australia's comfortable 50-run victory.<ref>[https://www.theage.com.au/news/sport/cricket/ponting-delivers-a-warning/2009/09/26/1253813656254.html "Ponting delivers a warning"], ''The Age'', 27 September 2009. Retrieved 27 September 2009.</ref> Australia next match against India was abandoned due to rain. Before the weather intervend Ponting had scored 65 from 85 deliveries, before being run out. The result meant Australia needed to defeat Pakistan in their third and final group match for a place in the semi-finals. Though Australia collapsed when Ponting was dismissed for a patient 32 in pursuit of low total they won by two wickets.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/iccct2009/content/story/427082.html "Washout hits India's semis chances"], ESPNcricinfo, 28 September 2009. Retrieved 3 October 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cricinfo.com/iccct2009/engine/current/match/415281.html| title = ICC Champions Trophy – 9th match, Group A – Australia v India | publisher=ESPNcricinfo| access-date =3 October 2009}}</ref><ref name="Australia reach semis after thriller">{{cite web |date=30 September 2009 |title=Australia reach semis after thriller |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-champions-trophy-2009-10-374074/australia-vs-pakistan-11th-match-group-a-415283/match-report |access-date=22 November 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

Australia defeated England by nine wickets in their semi-final, with Ponting scoring an unbeaten 111 from 115 deliveries (12 fours and one six); his 28th ODI century. During the innings, Ponting became the third batsman to score 12,000 ODI runs and was also involved in a record 252-run partnership with Watson—Ponting's seventh double-century stand for Australia in the format; the only player to achieve this feat.<ref name="Ponting and Watson lead the rout">{{cite web |date=1 October 2009 |title=Ponting and Watson lead the rout |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-champions-trophy-2009-10-374074/australia-vs-england-1st-semi-final-415285/match-report |access-date=19 November 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref name="Refreshed Ponting hits top gear">{{cite web |date=3 October 2009 |title=Refreshed Ponting hits top gear |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/refreshed-ponting-hits-top-gear-428148 |access-date=22 November 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> Despite Ponting's score of only one in the final in Centurion against New Zealand, Australia won by six wickets—their second consecutive Champions Trophy victory.<ref name="ICC Champions Trophy - final - Australia v New Zealand">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/iccct2009/engine/current/match/415287.html |title=ICC Champions Trophy – final – Australia v New Zealand|publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=22 November 2009}}</ref><ref name="Watson, bowlers power Australia to title defence">{{cite web |date=5 October 2009 |title=Watson, bowlers power Australia to title defence |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-champions-trophy-2009-10-374074/australia-vs-new-zealand-final-415287/match-report |access-date=22 November 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> Ponting was presented with the golden bat award for most runs in the tournament—288 at an average of 72 in four games—and also received the man-of-the-series award, before praising his young team for the title defence.<ref name="The youngsters won it for us - Ponting">{{cite web |date=5 October 2009 |title=The youngsters won it for us – Ponting |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/the-youngsters-won-it-for-us-ponting-428608 |access-date=22 November 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

Australia proceeded to tour India for seven ODIs starting in mid-October and ending in early November. In the opening match, Ponting top-scored for Australia with 74 from 85 balls, as his team narrowly escaped defeat.<ref name=statsguruodi/><ref>{{cite web |last=Coverdale |first=Brydon |date=25 October 2009 |title=Australia survive for tense victory |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-tour-of-india-2009-10-416234/india-vs-australia-1st-odi-416236/match-report |access-date=10 December 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> Ponting made just 12 in India's comprehensive victory in the second match, while he scored a slow 59 from 93 balls (four boundaries) in another Indian victory in the third match.<ref name=statsguruodi/><ref>{{cite web |last=Premachandran |first=Dileep |date=28 October 2009 |title=Big-hitting Dhoni helps level series |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-tour-of-india-2009-10-416234/india-vs-australia-2nd-odi-416237/match-report |access-date=10 December 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Veera |first=Sriram |date=31 October 2009 |title=MS Dhoni and Yuvraj Singh lead India to victory |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-tour-of-india-2009-10-416234/india-vs-australia-3rd-odi-416238/match-report |access-date=10 December 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> The Australian captain stuck a more fluent innings of 52, scored in 59 deliveries in the following fixture.<ref name=statsguruodi/> Australia amassed their biggest total of the series in the fifth match, with Ponting contributing a run-a-ball 45. A slow, low, turning wicket was presented to the teams for the sixth ODI in [[Guwahati]]. Ponting fought his way to 25 from 57 balls, before falling to Harbhajan, as Australia comfortably chased down India's total of 170 with six wickets remaining.<ref name=statsguruodi/><ref>{{cite web |last=Veera |first=Sriram |date=8 November 2009 |title=Bollinger and Johnson seal series |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-tour-of-india-2009-10-416234/india-vs-australia-6th-odi-416241/match-report |access-date=10 December 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=8 November 2009 |title='The pitch didn't misbehave' – MS Dhoni |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/the-pitch-didn-t-misbehave-ms-dhoni-433451 |access-date=10 December 2009 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> The final match in Mumbai was washed out after a cyclone formed over the [[Arabian Sea]]; securing a 4–2 series victory to the injury depleted Australians.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 November 2009 |title=Bad weather washes out dead rubber |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/bad-weather-washes-out-dead-rubber-433907 |access-date=10 December 2009 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> "It's probably one of the best one-day series I have ever been involved in, with all the injuries and setbacks at the start of this tour", Ponting said.<ref name="Ricky Ponting compares 'special' win to World Cup">{{cite web |date=8 November 2009 |title=Ricky Ponting compares 'special' win to World Cup |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ricky-ponting-compares-special-win-to-world-cup-433443 |access-date=10 December 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> He ending the series with 267 runs at 44.50.<ref name="RT Ponting - ODIs - series by series list"/>

===Troubles against the short ball===
{{Main|West Indian cricket team in Australia in 2009–10|Pakistani cricket team in Australia in 2009–10}}

[[File:Members area and view of ground.jpg|right|thumbnail|Ponting scored the first ever double-century (209) at his home ground Bellerive Oval (pictured) in the Third Test against Pakistan.]]
Leading West Indian batsmen [[Chris Gayle]] and [[Shivnarine Chanderpaul]] returned for the opening Test of the 2009–10 Australian cricket season starting on 26 November in Brisbane, after the industrial dispute was resolved. Ponting scored 55 in an Australian innings victory,<ref name=testlist/><ref name="Australian Team Records page 4">{{cite web |title =Australian Team Records – page 4 |url=https://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;page=4;spanmin1=15+Dec+1995;spanval1=span;team=2;template=results;type=team;view=results | publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date =10 December 2009}}</ref> before many sections of the media attacked the West Indies lack-lustre performance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/sport/west-indies-are-now-a-disgrace-says-kim-hughes/story-e6frg7mf-1225805515018|title=West Indies are now a disgrace, says Kim Hughes | publisher=News Limited| work=The Australian| last=Conn |first=Malcolm |date=1 December 2009|access-date=9 December 2009}}</ref> Ponting produced scores of 35 and 20 in the following Test in Adelaide, as the touring team responded to their critics by securing a draw.<ref name=testlist/><ref name="Australian Team Records page 4"/> For the first time since 2002, Ponting slid out of the top ten Test batting rankings—dropping to 12th—as Australia faced the prospect of falling to third in the team rankings if they were not able to achieve victory in the final Test of the series.<ref name="Ricky Ponting out of top ten batsmen for first time since 2002">{{cite web|url=http://www.foxsports.com.au/story/0,8659,26466866-23212,00.html?from=ireckon_rss|title=Ricky Ponting out of top ten batsmen for first time since 2002 | publisher=News Limited| work=Fox Sports|date=10 December 2009|access-date=11 December 2009}}</ref> Matters got worse for Ponting, as former Australian fast-bowler [[Rodney Hogg]] voiced that he should be sacked as captain and replaced with New South Wales leader Simon Katich. He said the team had become a "boys club" and was not preparing adequately for the future.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/rodney-hogg-calls-for-katich-to-take-over-as-captain/story-e6frf9if-1225808404294|title=Rodney Hogg calls for Katich to take over as captain | publisher=News Limited| work=Herald Sun| last=Anderson |first=Jon |date=9 December 2009|access-date=9 December 2009}}</ref> However, former Australian Test opening batsman Justin Langer labelled Hogg's comments as "rubbish", something that was backed by Katich.

In the first innings of the Third and final Test, Ponting was immediately greeted with short pitched bowling. After mis-timing a pull-shot from Roach on his first ball, Ponting was struck on the elbow in the following delivery. After battling through obvious discomfort, Ponting eventually retired hurt on 23 from 25 balls—the only time he had taken such action in his international career. Nevertheless, he did manage to hit two fours and a six from short deliveries in Roach's 12th over.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/ponting-retires-hurt-after-brutal-bowling-from-windies-20091216-kx8d.html|title=Ponting retires hurt after brutal bowling from Windies| agency=Australian Associated Press| work=The Sydney Morning Herald| last= Clarke|first=Tim |date=16 December 2009|access-date=16 December 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-sport/ponting-off-to-hospital-as-test-heats-up-20091216-kwd4.html|title=Ponting off to hospital as Test heats up| agency=Australian Associated Press| work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=16 December 2009|access-date=16 December 2009}}</ref> Michael Clarke replaced Ponting at his number three batting position, as the Australia captain did not want to risk further damage to his elbow tendon injury ahead of the Boxing Day Test against Pakistan in Melbourne. Nevertheless, Australia collapsed and he eventually came to the wicket at number nine, with Australia at 7/125. The West Indian bowlers again bowled short deliverers to Ponting until he turned one such delivery to short-leg and was dismissed for two.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.perthnow.com.au/sport/australia-grabs-two-early-west-indies-wickets/story-e6frg1wu-1225811788652|title=Ricky Ponting fails to stem Australian collapse in Third Test at WACA | publisher=News Limited| work=Perth Now| last=Quartermaine |first=Braden |date=18 December 2009|access-date=11 January 2010}}</ref>

After spending time in a [[hyperbaric chamber]] to increase the speed of his recovery from the elbow injury,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/cricket/ricky-forced-to-retire-to-hyperbaric-chamber-20091220-l7ia.html|title=Ricky forced to retire to hyperbaric chamber| agency=Australian Associated Press| work=The Sydney Morning Herald| last=Saltau |first=Chloe |date=21 December 2009|access-date=17 January 2010}}</ref> Ponting recovered sufficiently to play in the Boxing Day Test, the opening match of a three-Test series against Pakistan. Despite still being inconvenienced by the injury,<ref name="Ponting still troubled by injured elbow">{{cite news|url=https://www.theage.com.au/sport/cricket/ponting-still-troubled-by-injured-elbow-20091229-liqp.html|title=Ponting still troubled by injured elbow | agency=Australian Associated Press| work=The Sydney Morning Herald| last=Saltau |first=Chloe |date=30 December 2009|access-date=17 January 2010 | location=Melbourne}}</ref> he scored 57 at close to a run-a-ball,<ref name=testlist/> before being dismissed by another short pitched delivery for 12 in Australia's second innings.<ref name="Ponting still troubled by injured elbow" /> The home team went on to win the match comfortably, and Ponting overtook Shane Warne's record of 91 Test victories and surpassing Steve Waugh as crickets most successful Test captain.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/sport/cricket/one-of-our-best-test-wins-ponting-20091230-ljm6.html|title=One of our best Test wins: Ponting | publisher=Fairfax Digital| work=Brisbane Times| last=Gleeson |first=Michael |date=30 December 2009|access-date=17 January 2010}}</ref> Ponting scored 853 runs at 38.77 in 13 Tests in 2009, and scored only one century and seven half-centuries.<ref name="Records / 2009 / Test matches / Most runs">{{cite web |title =Records / 2009 / Test matches / Most runs|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?class=1;id=2009;type=year | publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date =17 January 2010}}</ref> Nevertheless, his ODI form was more convincing, topping the run-scoring list with MS Dhoni. His 1,198 runs were scored at an average of 42.78, including two centuries and nine half-centuries in 29 matches.<ref name="Records / 2009 / One-Day Internationals / Most runs">{{cite web |title =Records / 2009 / One-Day Internationals / Most runs|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?class=2;id=2009;type=year | publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date =17 January 2010}}</ref> Ponting was criticised for choosing to bat on a green pitch for the Second Test. Australia were dismissed for 127, and Ponting was re-dismissed from a short ball, this time for a first-ball duck, and many sections of the media called for him to stop playing the hook and pull shots. He fell for only 11 in the second innings, and when Australia lost their eighth wicket, they were only just over 50 ahead. However, a 123-run ninth-wicket partnership between Michael Hussey and Peter Siddle rescued the home-side, helping them win by 36 runs. After being dropped on zero, Ponting scored his fifth double-century in the Third and final Test in Hobart. His innings helped Australia complete a 3–0 series victory.

In the following five ODIs, Ponting could not continue his Hobart form, scoring 125 runs at 25 in the series, boosted by a half-century in the final match; his performances improved in the five ODIs starting soon after against the West Indies. He was named man-of-the-series thanks to his 295 runs at 73.75, including two-half centuries and his 29th ODI century and first in Brisbane during the fourth match.

===2010–11 Ashes defeat===
Australia entered the [[2010–11 Ashes series]] hoping to regain The Ashes from England on home soil as they had four years previously. The First Test in Brisbane was drawn after both teams posted large batting totals. Ponting was [[caught behind]] for 10 in the first innings and 51 not out in the second.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/428749.html|title=England tour of Australia, 2010/11 / Scorecard: First Test|work=Cricinfo |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> A barren run followed in the subsequent three Tests, scoring 52 runs in total as Australia lost the series.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=1;template=results;type=allround;view=match|title=Statistics / Statsguru / RT Ponting / Test matches|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> Ponting became the first Australian captain to lose an Ashes series in Australia since [[Allan Border]] in 1987. During the Fourth Test Ponting was involved in an on-field argument with umpires,<ref name="Swanton">{{cite news| url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/the-ashes/ricky-ponting-damaged-his-test-captaincy-retention-chances-in-umpire-spat/story-fn67w6pa-1225976792788 | location=Melbourne | work=Herald Sun | title=Ricky Ponting damaged his Test captaincy retention chances in umpire spat | date=26 December 2010 | first=Will | last=Swanton}}</ref> and was fined 40% of his match fee, which accounted to around $5,400.<ref name="English">{{cite news |last=English |first=Peter |date=26 December 2010 |title=Ponting fined as the match slips away |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |location=Melbourne |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/australia-v-england-4th-test-melbourne-2nd-day-ponting-fined-as-the-match-slips-away-494231}}</ref> Ponting missed the Fifth Test due to a finger injury, and [[Michael Clarke (cricketer)|Michael Clarke]] stood in as Australia's captain.<ref name="SWaugh">{{cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-01-04/waugh-questions-pontings-future/1894340|title=Waugh questions Ponting's future|date=4 January 2011|publisher=ABC News|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> Australia's heavy defeat in the series and Ponting's poor run of form caused his position in the team to be questioned. Former Australian captain [[Steve Waugh]] suggested dropping him down the batting order;<ref name="SWaugh"/> others, such as former Australian batsman and South African captain [[Kepler Wessels]], called for him to relinquish the captaincy to focus on his batting.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-54075420110111|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106152641/http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-54075420110111|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 January 2016|title=Ponting should focus on batting – Wessels|date=11 January 2011|work=Reuters|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref>

Yet, for his performances in 2010, he was named as captain of the World ODI XI by the ICC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/480086.html|title=Ponting named to lead ODI team of the year|date=6 October 2010|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

===2011 World Cup and resignation as captain===
Ponting retained the captaincy of Australia for the [[2011 Cricket World Cup|2011 World Cup]] in India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. Australia had won the previous three World Cups and entered the tournament as the world's top-ranked ODI team. Australia qualified for the quarter-finals, although Ponting failed to find form, scoring 102 runs in five innings during the group stage of the tournament.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/03/23/3171323.htm?site=hobart|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326181447/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/03/23/3171323.htm?site=hobart|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 March 2014|title=Ponting to quit after World Cup: reports|date=23 March 2011|publisher=ABC News|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> Australia met India in the quarter-finals and were defeated by five wickets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-cricket-world-cup-2010-11-381449/india-vs-australia-2nd-quarter-final-433601/live-cricket-score|title=India beat Australia India won by 5 wickets (with 14 balls remaining) - Australia vs India, ICC Cricket World Cup, 2nd Quarter-Final Match Summary, Report | ESPNcricinfo.com|work=ESPNcricinfo|date=24 March 2011 |access-date=16 November 2021}}</ref> Ponting scored 104, his first century in international cricket in over a year.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/australia-bat-against-india-as-virender-sehwag-returns/story-e6frg6n6-1226027859784|title=India too good for plucky Aussies in World Cup quarter-final|last=Hodge|first=Amanda|date=25 March 2011|work=[[The Australian]]|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> After being knocked out of the tournament, Ponting resigned his position as captain at both Test and ODI levels, endorsed [[Michael Clarke (cricketer)|Michael Clarke]] as his successor, and indicated his intention to continue playing.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sportinglife.com/cricket/news/story_get.cgi?STORY_NAME=cricket/11/03/29/CRICKET_Ponting_Lead.html|title=Ponting quits and remembers the happy times|date=7 April 2011|publisher=sportinglife.com|access-date=25 January 2012}}{{dead link|date=July 2012}}</ref>

==2011–2012: Post-captaincy==
In 2011, Ponting was inducted into [[Australian Institute of Sport]] (AIS) 'Best of the Best'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ausport.gov.au/ais/history/awards/best_of_the_best|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323161526/http://www.ausport.gov.au/ais/history/awards/best_of_the_best|url-status=dead|title=Australian Institute of Sport 'Best of the Best'|archive-date=23 March 2012}}</ref> He was selected in [[Michael Clarke (cricketer)|Michael Clarke]]'s teams for the tours of [[Sri Lanka]] and South Africa in 2011, scoring an important half-century (62) in the fourth innings of the second Test against South Africa in [[Johannesburg]], helping Australia chase down a target of 310 to draw the series 1–1.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/514030.html|title=Australia tour of South Africa, 2011/12 / Scorecard: Second Test|work=Cricinfo |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref>

In the 2011–12 Australian summer, a disappointing series draw with New Zealand gave rise to calls for Ponting to be removed from the team following perceived underperformances. The selectors resisted the calls, selecting Ponting for the [[Boxing Day Test]]—the first of a [[Indian cricket team in Australia in 2011–12|four-Test series]] against India.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/sport/coach-mickey-arthur-backs-ricky-ponting-amid-renewed-calls-to-sack-former-skipper/story-e6frg7rx-1226221264809|title=Coach Mickey Arthur backs Ricky Ponting amid renewed calls to sack former skipper|last=Lalor|first=Peter|date=14 December 2011|work=[[The Australian]]|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> Ponting scored two half-centuries in Australia's first Test win,<ref>{{cite news |date=1 January 2012 |title=Venue record a boost for India |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/australia-v-india-2nd-test-scg-venue-record-a-boost-for-india-547631 |access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> followed by a century (134) in Australia's first innings of the second Test in [[Sydney]]. The century was his first in Test cricket in almost two years.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-cricket-india-ponting-idUKTRE8030GN20120104|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106152641/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-cricket-india-ponting-idUKTRE8030GN20120104|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 January 2016|title=Ponting scores first test century in two years|last=Mulvenney|first=Nick|date=4 January 2012|work=Reuters|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> His fourth-wicket partnership of 288 runs with Clarke, who went on to make 329 not out, set a new record for the biggest partnership by an Australian pair of batsmen against India.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/sport/a/-/cricket/12496273/clarke-ponting-produce-record-stand/|title=Clarke, Ponting produce record stand|last=Horne|first=Ben|date=4 January 2012|work=[[The West Australian]]|access-date=25 January 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20120125224007/http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/sport/a/-/cricket/12496273/clarke-ponting-produce-record-stand/|archive-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> Australia sealed the series win by defeating India in Perth, and in the fourth Test in Adelaide, Ponting and Clarke beat their own record, putting on 386 runs. The partnership was the fourth highest to that point in Australian Test cricket. Ponting's own score was 221.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/cricket/clarke-ponting-double-up-in-adelaide-runfest-20120125-1qgw5.html|title=Clarke, Ponting double up in Adelaide run-fest|date=25 January 2012|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> During the innings, he became only the third player and the first Australian (after [[Sachin Tendulkar]] and [[Rahul Dravid]], who were playing in the same match) to pass 13,000 career Test runs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/16696136|title=Ponting reaches 13,000 Test runs|work=BBC Sport|access-date=16 November 2021}}</ref>

==2012: Test retirement==
On [[Australia Day]] 2012 he was appointed as an [[Order of Australia|Officer of the Order of Australia]] for services to cricket and, through the Ponting Foundation, the community.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-national/ricky-ponting-gets-order-of-australia-gong-20120126-1qi56.html|title=Ricky Ponting gets Order of Australia gong|last=Buckle|first=Greg|date=26 January 2012|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=25 January 2012}}</ref> Ponting was promoted to captain in the [[2011–12 Commonwealth Bank Series]] in Australia in Michael Clarke's absence due to injury. However, after only two games as captain he was dropped, having scored only 18 runs in 5 games of the [[2011–12 Commonwealth Bank Series]]. At a press conference thereafter, Ponting conceded, "I don't expect to play one-day international cricket for Australia any more and I'm pretty sure the selectors don't expect to pick me either ... I will continue playing Test cricket and I'll continue playing for [[Tasmania]] as well".<ref name="cricinfofeb12">{{cite news |date=21 February 2012 |title=Ponting to play on in Test cricket |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/australia-news-ricky-ponting-to-play-on-in-test-cricket-554635 |access-date=21 February 2012}}</ref>

On 29 November 2012 Ponting announced that he would retire from Test cricket after the [[WACA Ground|WACA]] test against [[South Africa]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theage.com.au/sport/cricket/ponting-quits-test-cricket-20121129-2ahwd.html|title=Ponting quits Test cricket|first=Chris|last=Barrett|newspaper=[[The Age (newspaper)|The Age]]|date=29 November 2012}}</ref>

==2013: Tasmania and Surrey==

After retiring from test cricket, Ponting played out the [[2012–13 Sheffield Shield season|Sheffield Shield]] season with eventual champions [[Tasmania cricket team|Tasmania]]. He was the competition's leading run scorer with 911 runs at an average of 75.91.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/sheffield-shield-2012/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=7544&type=tournament|title=Sheffield Shield, 2012/13 Cricket Team Records & Stats | ESPNcricinfo.com|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> As a result of his prolific form with the bat, he was named the Sheffield Shield player of the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cricket.com.au/news/2013/3/20/state-cricket-awards|title=Ponting named Shield Player of the Year|website=Crickey.com.au|access-date=16 November 2021|archive-date=4 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104045033/http://www.cricket.com.au/news/2013/3/20/state-cricket-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref>

He signed on to play for [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] during June–July 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.wisdenindia.com/cricket-news/ponting-signs-two-month-deal-surrey/51709|title=Ponting signs two-month deal with Surrey|publisher=Wisden India|date=21 February 2013|access-date=21 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203045615/http://www.wisdenindia.com/cricket-news/ponting-signs-two-month-deal-surrey/51709|archive-date=3 December 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> His score of 192 on debut against [[Derbyshire County Cricket Club|Derbyshire]] was the highest score by a Surrey batsman on their first class debut for the county. Ponting scored a defiant 169 not out in failing light against [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]] in his final first class innings, ensuring Surrey held on for a draw.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/23264370|title=Surrey v Notts: Ricky Ponting hits ton in first-class swansong|publisher=BBC}}</ref>

During the [[Ashes 2013]], Ponting wrote a regular column for the [[Daily Mail]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Consumer/RfWl1C7d7GLR8tKrQ7NtlI/Ponting-to-retire-from-all-cricket-later-this-year.html|title=Ricky Ponting to retire from all forms of cricket later this year|date=20 June 2013|website=Livemint.com|access-date=16 November 2021}}</ref>

At the formal opening of the [[Bellerive Oval]] redevelopment in January 2015, it was announced that the new Western Stand would be named the ''Ricky Ponting Stand'' in his honour.<ref name="standnaming">{{cite news|url=http://www.themercury.com.au/sport/tasmanian-cricket-greats-ponting-and-boon-make-eternal-stand-at-blundstone-arena/story-fnj4f7g3-1227192396922|title=Tasmanian cricket greats Ponting and Boon make eternal stand at Blundstone Arena|publisher=[[The Mercury (Hobart)|The Mercury]]|date=21 January 2015|access-date=21 January 2015}}</ref> On 9 December 2015 Ponting also unveiled a bronze statue placed at the ground in his honour.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBFZ95TFm4I| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211107/XBFZ95TFm4I| archive-date=2021-11-07 | url-status=live|title=Ponting statue unveiled in Hobart|date=9 December 2015|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

==Playing style==

===Approach to cricket===

Ponting was known as an aggressive competitor, as manifested in his on-field conduct. According to former Australian captain [[Allan Border]], what you see with Ponting is what you get, and "he wears his heart on his sleeve". Border also noted that Ponting has an abundance of determination, courage and skill.

However, his competitive attitudes could be overly aggressive, pushing the boundaries of cricket etiquette.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.espnstar.com/cricket/icc-cricket-world-cup/news/detail/item598316/Ricky-Ponting:-I-don%E2%80%99t-%27walk%27/| location=India| work=ESPN-StarSport| title=Ricky Ponting Ricky Ponting: Not the best advertisement for sportsmanship in cricket| url-status=usurped| archive-url=https://archive.today/20120904035812/http://www.espnstar.com/cricket/icc-cricket-world-cup/news/detail/item598316/Ricky-Ponting:-I-don%E2%80%99t-'walk'/| archive-date=4 September 2012}}</ref> In early 2006, in the [[Chappell–Hadlee Trophy]], Ponting had an on-field argument with umpire [[Billy Bowden]] over signalling a no-ball because not enough players were within the inner circle.<ref name="McArdle">{{cite news| url=https://www.theage.com.au/news/cricket/big-yield-on-odd-regret/2008/01/11/1199988590215.html | location=Melbourne | work=The Age | title=Big yield on odd regret | date=12 January 2008 | first=Brendan | last=McArdle}}</ref> In mid-2006, during a tour of [[Bangladesh]], Ponting was accused of "badgering the umpires until he got what he wanted".<ref name="McArdle"/>

The South African captain, [[Graeme Smith]], described Ponting as the toughest competitor he had ever played against.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.foxsports.com.au/cricket/australia/south-africa-captain-graeme-smith-labels-ricky-ponting-the-most-competitive-cricketer-i-have-ever-played-against/story-fn2mcu3x-1226202168997 | location=Sydney | work=Fox Sports | title=South Africa Graeme Smith labels Ricky Ponting 'the most competitive cricketer I have ever played against' | date=22 November 2011}}</ref>

===Batting===
{{Main|List of international cricket centuries by Ricky Ponting}}

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; width:50%;"
|-
!colspan="7"|'''Ponting's results in international matches'''
|-
| ||Matches||Won||Lost||Drawn||Tied||No result
|-
|Test<ref>{{cite web|title=Test matches, career summary|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=1;template=results;type=allround|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref> ||168||108||31||29||0||–
|-
|ODI<ref name="odiwins">{{cite web |url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=2;filter=advanced;orderby=matches;result=1;template=results;type=batting |title=Statistics / Statsguru / One-Day Internationals / Batting records-most ODI wins |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |date=29 December 2010 |access-date=30 December 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031110547/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=2%3Bfilter%3Dadvanced%3Borderby%3Dmatches%3Bresult%3D1%3Btemplate%3Dresults%3Btype%3Dbatting |archive-date=31 October 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=One-Day Internationals, career summary|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=2;template=results;type=allround|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref> ||375||262||96||-||5||12
|-
|T20I<ref>{{cite web|title=Twenty20 Internationals, career summary|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/7133.html?class=3;template=results;type=allround|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref> ||17||7||10||–||-||-
|}
Ponting was known as an aggressive right-handed batsman who played a wide repertoire of shots with confidence, most notably the [[Pull shot|pull]] and hook. However, he had some technical weaknesses, such as shuffling across his stumps and being trapped [[leg before wicket]], and thrusting his bat away from his body—especially early in his innings, because he wanted to move forward and across to drive, rather than backwards and across to cut the ball.<ref name=":1">{{Citation|last=BT Sport|title=Masterclass: KP, Gilchrist, Ponting and Vaughan on the art of attacking batting|date=25 December 2017|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2wdT4zzNinI| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211107/2wdT4zzNinI| archive-date=2021-11-07 | url-status=live|access-date=27 December 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Despite being widely renowned as the best player of the hook and pull shots in the world, Ponting was equally adept on both the front and back foot. However, during the latter stages of his career, the hook and pull shots were often the cause of his dismissal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ponting still won't put away the pull |author=Peter English |work=ESPNcricinfo |date=24 November 2010 |access-date=10 December 2025 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/australia-v-england-1st-test-brisbane-ricky-ponting-won-t-put-away-the-pull-488753 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20251210143915/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/australia-v-england-1st-test-brisbane-ricky-ponting-won-t-put-away-the-pull-488753 |archive-date=10 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Joy of Six: Ricky Ponting |author1=Andy Bull |author2=Rob Smyth |work=The Guardian |date=30 November 2012 |access-date=10 December 2025 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/30/joy-of-six-ricky-ponting |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030072932/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/nov/30/joy-of-six-ricky-ponting |archive-date=30 October 2013}}</ref> He adopted a more traditional V-grip lower down the handle as he was a short batsman who doesn't have natural power on the shot.<ref name=":1" />

He was considered by some observers{{who|date=December 2016}} to have trouble against quality [[Spin bowling|spin]], especially against Indian off spinner [[Harbhajan Singh]], who dismissed Ponting on 13 occasions in international cricket. Ponting had a tendency to rock onto the front foot and thrust his wrists at spinning deliveries, resulting in many catches close to the wicket. Ponting rarely employed the sweep shot against spin, something considered unusual for a top-order batsman. Instead, he looked to use his feet to come down the wicket to spinners, or play off the back foot through the off-side.{{citation needed|date=December 2016}}
Former West Indian captain, [[Viv Richards]], who was rated as the third best Test cricketer in a 2002 poll by Wisden, said Ponting was his favourite current-day player to watch, slightly ahead of [[Sachin Tendulkar]].

[[File:Ricky Ponting Complete Test Career Record.png|right|thumb|This is the complete graphical representation of the test cricket record of Ricky Ponting. Individual innings are represented by the blue and red (not out) bars; the green line is his career batting average. Current as of 8 January 2019.<ref>{{cite web|author = Howstat|url = http://www.howstat.com.au/cricket/Statistics/Players/PlayerProgressBat.asp?PlayerID=2041|title = Ricky Ponting – Test Cricket|access-date =8 January 2019|publisher = Howstat Computing Services|author-link = Howstat}}</ref>]]

===Bowling and fielding===
A right-arm medium bowler who tended to bowl off cutters or faster offspin,<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Starcky1996|title=Ricky Ponting Bowling in His Final Test Match|date=2 December 2012|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ki7-RZfi5iU|access-date=18 December 2017}}</ref> Ponting rarely bowled, although he notably dismissed West Indian batsman Brian Lara in an ODI match and former England captain Michael Vaughan in an Ashes Test in 2005.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/england/4181332.stm|title=England checked by Aussie revival |publisher=BBC |date=25 August 2005 |access-date=2 July 2015}}</ref> He was also ceremonially asked to bowl in his final test match against South Africa in 2012.<ref name=":0" /> He was, however, rated one of the best fielders in the world. He usually fielded in the slips, cover and silly point. His good eye and accurate throws often saw him run batsmen out with direct hits.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/australia-v-south-africa-2012/content/story/594363.html|title=Australian cricket's soul, mate|work=Cricinfo |date=29 November 2012|access-date=29 November 2012}}</ref>

===Captaincy===
{| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; width: 40%; font-size: 90%;"
|-
!colspan="8"|'''Record as captain'''
|-
| ||Matches||Won||Lost||Drawn||Tied||No result||Win %
|-
|Test<ref>{{cite web |title=List of Test Captains |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/india/engine/records/individual/list_captains.html?class=1;id=2;type=team |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=2 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016212319/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/india/engine/records/individual/list_captains.html?class=1%3Bid%3D2%3Btype%3Dteam |archive-date=16 October 2015 }}</ref> ||77||48||16||7||0||–||62.34%
|-
|ODI<ref>{{cite web |title=List of ODI Captains |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/australia/engine/records/individual/list_captains.html?class=2;id=2;type=team |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=2 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927204001/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/australia/engine/records/individual/list_captains.html?class=2%3Bid%3D2%3Btype%3Dteam |archive-date=27 September 2015 }}</ref> ||229||164||51||0||2||12||71.62%
|-
|Twenty20<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Twenty20 Captains|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/australia/engine/records/individual/list_captains.html?class=3;id=2;type=team|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=2 September 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150922073742/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/australia/engine/records/individual/list_captains.html?class=3%3Bid%3D2%3Btype%3Dteam|archive-date=22 September 2015}}</ref> ||17||7||10||0||0||–||41.18%
|-
|colspan=2|''Date last Updated:''
|colspan=8|2 September 2015
|}
Ponting has often been criticised for his lack of imagination in his captaincy, though many players who played under him say he is a good leader. According to former Australian opening batsman Justin Langer, "He is quite inspirational as a leader and I just never get all the detractors he has. Whether it's in the fielding practice, the nets, the way he holds himself off the field—every time he speaks, these young guys just listen, they hang on every word he says."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Brearley |first=Mike |date=2011-01-02 |title=The Ashes 2010–11: Ricky Ponting – great batsman, flawed captain |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2011/jan/02/the-ashes-2010-11-ricky-ponting |access-date=2024-06-09 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

"Ponting captained 2 consecutive World Cup victories in 2003 and 2007 (out of Australia's hat-trick of World Cups – 1999, 2003, 2007)"<ref name="Langer backs Ponting as captain">{{cite news|url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-sport/langer-backs-ponting-as-captain-20091210-km2i.html|title=Langer backs Ponting as captain | agency=Australian Associated Press| work=The Sydney Morning Herald| last=Vaughan |first=Roger |date=10 December 2009|access-date=11 December 2009}}</ref><ref name="SMHKatich">{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/cricket/katich-backs-ponting-and-says-criticism-of-his-captaincy-is-unjustified-20091211-kolk.html|title=Katich backs Ponting and says criticism of his captaincy is unjustified | agency=Australian Associated Press| work=The Sydney Morning Herald| last=Jackson |first=Ed |date=12 December 2009|access-date=12 December 2009}}</ref>

==Career best performances==
{|class=wikitable style="font-size:100%"
|-
!rowspan="2"|
!colspan="4"|Batting
|-
!Score
!Fixture
!Venue
!Season
|-
|'''[[Test cricket|Test]]'''
|align="center"|257
|[[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] v [[India national cricket team|India]]
|[[Melbourne Cricket Ground|MCG, Melbourne]]
|align="center"|2003<ref name="ESPNcricinfo - 26–30 December 2003 - India tour of Australia, 2003/04 – Australia v India">{{cite news|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64061.html|title= India tour of Australia, 2003/04 – Australia v India Scorecard|date=30 December 2003|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 December 2014}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[One Day International|ODI]]'''
|align="center"|164
|[[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] v [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]]
|[[Wanderers Stadium|Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg]]
|align="center"|2006<ref name="ESPNcricinfo - 12 March 2006 - Australia tour of South Africa, 2005/06 - South Africa v Australia">{{cite news|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/238200.html|title= Australia tour of South Africa, 2005/06 – South Africa v Australia Scorecard|date=12 March 2006|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 December 2014}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Twenty20 International|T20I]]'''
|align="center"|98[[not out|*]]
|[[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] v [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]]
|[[Eden Park|Eden Park, Auckland]]
|align="center"|2005<ref name="ESPNcricinfo - 17 February 2005 - Australia tour of New Zealand, 2004/05 - New Zealand v Australia">{{cite news|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/211048.html|title= Australia tour of New Zealand, 2004/05 – New Zealand v Australia Scorecard|date=17 February 2005|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 December 2014}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[First-class cricket|FC]]'''
|align="center"|257
|[[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] v [[India national cricket team|India]]
|[[Melbourne Cricket Ground|MCG, Melbourne]]
|align="center"|2003<ref name="ESPNcricinfo - 26–30 December 2003 - India tour of Australia, 2003/04 – Australia v India"/>
|-
|'''[[List A cricket|LA]]'''
|align="center"|164
|[[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] v [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]]
|[[Wanderers Stadium|Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg]]
|align="center"|2006<ref name="ESPNcricinfo - 12 March 2006 - Australia tour of South Africa, 2005/06 - South Africa v Australia"/>
|-
|'''[[Twenty20|T20]]'''
|align="center"|98[[not out|*]]
|[[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] v [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]]
|[[Eden Park|Eden Park, Auckland]]
|align="center"|2005<ref name="ESPNcricinfo - 17 February 2005 - Australia tour of New Zealand, 2004/05 - New Zealand v Australia"/>
|}

==Records and achievements==

Ponting was the [[Wisden Leading Cricketer in the World]] in 2003 and one of the five [[Wisden Cricketers of the Year]] for 2006.<ref name="wisden5">{{cite press release
| title = Wisden's Five Cricketers of the Year
| publisher = ESPNcricinfo
| url = http://content-www.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/current/story/209422.html
| access-date = 27 January 2008}}</ref> He has been the [[Allan Border Medal]]ist a record four times in 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2009 (with [[Michael Clarke (cricketer)|Michael Clarke]]). Ponting has won the award of Australia's best Test player in 2003, 2004 and 2007 and Australia's best One Day International player in 2002 and 2007.<ref name="allanborder">{{cite press release
| title = Ponting scoops Allan Border Medal
| publisher = ESPNcricinfo
| date = 14 February 2004
| url = http://content-www.cricinfo.com/australia/content/story/136685.html
| access-date = 27 January 2008
| archive-date = 21 January 2013
| archive-url = https://archive.today/20130121044508/http://content-www.cricinfo.com/australia/content/story/136685.html
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

* First batsman to score centuries in ODI cricket against all Test playing nations (Afghanistan and Ireland were not awarded Test status in Ponting's playing period).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/slideshow/5-players-who-have-scored-odi-centuries-against-all-test-playing-nations?imgid=70647|title=Ponting becomes first to score centuries v all test playing nations|date=25 November 2015|work=sportskeeda}}</ref>
* Ponting, along with [[Shane Watson]], holds the record for the highest partnership for any wicket in the ICC Champions Trophy (252 [[not out]] for the second wicket).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/fow/highest_partnerships_for_any_wicket.html?id=44;type=trophy|title=Highest partnership by runs in ICC Champions Trophy|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/fow/highest_partnerships_by_wicket.html?id=44;type=trophy|title=Highest partnership for each wicket in ICC Champions Trophy|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
* Ponting's score of 242 against India is the highest individual Test innings in a losing cause.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64060.html|title=2nd Test: Australia v India at Adelaide, Dec 12–16, 2003 – Cricket Scorecard – ESPNcricinfo|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/282863.html|title=Records – Test matches – Batting records – Most runs in a match on the losing team – ESPNcricinfo|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
* He was awarded the [[Allan Border Medal]] by the [[Cricket Australia|CA]] in 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2009.<ref name="cricketaustralia.com.au">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cricketaustralia.com.au/about/awards-and-events/australian-cricket-awards|title=Australian Cricket Awards | Cricket Australia|website=Cricketaustralia.com.au|access-date=16 November 2021|archive-date=19 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419042457/https://www.cricketaustralia.com.au/about/awards-and-events/australian-cricket-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[ICC Men's Test Cricketer of the Year|ICC Men’s Test Cricketer of the Year:]] 2006
* [[Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy|ICC Men’s Cricketer of the Year:]] 2006, 2007
* [[ICC Men's Test Team of the Year|ICC Men’s Test Team of the Year:]] 2004 (c), 2005 (c), 2006, 2007 (c)
* [[ICC Men's ODI Team of the Year|ICC Men’s ODI Team of the Year:]] 2004(c), 2006, 2007(c), 2008 (c), 2010(c)
* [[Sheffield Shield#Player of the Year|Sheffield Shield Player of the Year]]: [[2012–13 Sheffield Shield season|2012–13]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-03-20 |title=Ponting named Sheffield Shield player of the year |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ricky-ponting-named-sheffield-shield-player-of-the-year-625846 |access-date=2024-03-11 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>
He was named an [[Australian Legends|Australia Post Legend]] of Cricket in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Australia Post honours Australian Living Legends of Cricket|url=https://australiapostcollectables.com.au/articles/australia-post-honours-australian-living-legends-of-cricket|access-date=2021-02-16|website=Australia Post Collectables|archive-date=10 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410222115/https://australiapostcollectables.com.au/articles/australia-post-honours-australian-living-legends-of-cricket|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Coaching==

=== 2014–2017 Various Coaching Roles ===
[[File:2018.02.03.20.00.53-Punter Ponting (40385539852).jpg|thumb|Ponting during the 2017–18 Tri-Series]]
Ponting coached the [[Mumbai Indians]] of the Indian Premier League from 2014 to 2016, helping them win a championship in the [[2015 Indian Premier League|2015 edition of the IPL]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-12-10 |title=Ricky Ponting named Mumbai Indians Indian head coach for Indian Premier League |url=https://heraldsun.com.au/sport/cricket/ricky-ponting-named-mumbai-indians-indian-head-coach-for-indian-premier-league/news-story/967bd2da5cb7cc2d7999d7e6f93ee12a |access-date=2022-04-13 |website=Fox Sports |language=en}}</ref> On 1 January 2017, Ponting was named an interim coach for Australia's [[Sri Lankan cricket team in Australia in 2016–17|T20I series against Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Ponting to join Australia's coaching staff for SL T20Is |work=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ricky-ponting-named-assistant-coach-for-sl-t20is-1074976 |access-date=1 January 2017}}</ref> Ponting joined the Australian cricket coaching team as an assistant for the [[2017–18 Trans-Tasman Tri-Series]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Smith|first1=Martin|title=Ponting named assistant for T20Is|url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/ricky-ponting-australia-t20-twenty20-assistant-coach-darren-lehmann-tri-series-new-zealand-england/2018-01-09|website=cricket.com.au|access-date=2 April 2018|date=9 January 2018}}</ref>

=== 2018–2024 Delhi Daredevils/Capitals Head Coach ===
Ponting was appointed as the new coach of [[Delhi Capitals|Delhi Daredevils]] of the [[Indian Premier League]] on 3 January 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Jan 4, 2018 |title=IPL 2018: Ricky Ponting appointed Delhi Daredevils head coach |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/ipl-2018-ricky-ponting-appointed-delhi-daredevils-head-coach/articleshow/62368241.cms |website=Times of India}}</ref> In the [[2018 Indian Premier League|2018 edition of the IPL]], Delhi Daredevils finished last place. Ponting helped foster a new team environment, helping young talents such as [[Shreyas Iyer]] and [[Rishabh Pant]] grow. In 2019, Delhi (now [[Delhi Capitals]]), finished in 3rd place, a large improvement from their previous season. In 2020, Delhi would finish second, and in 2021 Delhi would finish in third place being the only team to qualify for the playoffs in 2019, 2020 and 2021, subsequently. In 2024, Ponting was sacked as the coach of Delhi Capitals in favour of Former Indian Captain Sourav Ganguly.

=== 2024–present Punjab Kings Head Coach ===
Ricky Ponting has been appointed head coach of [[Punjab Kings]] (PBKS) from [[Indian Premier League|IPL]] 2025,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2025-ricky-ponting-appointed-punjab-kings-head-coach-1449547 | title=Ponting appointed Punjab Kings head coach }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://fantasykhiladi.com/news/ipl-2025-ricky-ponting-appointed-as-new-head-coach-punjab-kings/|title=IPL 2025: Ricky Ponting Appointed as New Head Coach of Punjab Kings|access-date=2024-09-18|work=FantasyKhiladi|date=18 September 2024 }}</ref> a little over two months after he and [[Delhi Capitals]] parted ways ending his seven-year tenure at the franchise.Ponting will be the sixth head coach in seven seasons at Punjab, who finished ninth in the 2024 season

=== 2024–present Washington Freedom Head Coach ===
Ponting was appointed as the new head coach of [[Washington Freedom (cricket)|Washington Freedom]] ahead of the second season of [[Major League Cricket]] on 6 February 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ponting confirmed as Washington Freedom head coach in Major League Cricket |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ricky-ponting-confirmed-as-washington-freedom-head-coach-in-major-league-cricket-1420050 |access-date=6 February 2024 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> The two-year signing was confirmed by the team on social media. The team won the tournament under his coaching and captain Steve Smith.

==Books==
Throughout his career in international cricket, Ponting has been involved in the writing of a number of diaries on Australian cricket, which depict his experiences during the cricketing year. The books are produced with the help of a [[ghostwriter]]. His autobiography, Ponting: At the Close of Play, was published and released in November 2013.<ref>[http://www.harpercollins.com.au/book/index.aspx?isbn=9780732291822 Ponting: At the Close of Play by Ricky Ponting]. Harpercollins.com.au. Retrieved on 23 December 2013.</ref>

* {{Cite book |title=Ricky Ponting |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Peter Staples |publisher=Ironbark Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-330-36117-0}}
* {{Cite book |title=Ricky Ponting's World Cup Diary |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Brian Murgatroyd |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-7322-7847-2}}
* {{Cite book |title=My First Year |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Brian Murgatroyd |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7322-7848-9}}
* {{Cite book |title=Ashes Diary |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Brian Murgatroyd |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7322-8152-6}}
* {{Cite book |title=Captain's Diary 2006 |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Geoff Armstrong |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7322-8153-3}}
* {{Cite book |title=Captain's Diary 2007|author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Geoff Armstrong |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7322-8153-3}}
* {{Cite book |title=Captain's Diary 2008|author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Geoff Armstrong |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7322-8491-6}}
* {{Cite book |title=Captain's Diary 2009|author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Geoff Armstrong |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-7322-8957-7}}
* {{Cite book |title=Ponting: At the Close of Play|author=Ricky Ponting |publisher=[[HarperSport]]|year=2013 |isbn=9780732291822|title-link=Ponting: At the Close of Play }}

==Personal life==

Ponting is a passionate supporter of the [[North Melbourne Football Club]]. When touring with the Australian cricket team, Ponting would call friends at home to listen to the Kangaroos play. He helped raise more than $300,000 for childhood cancer support through a cricket game organised between North and Hawthorn, and in 2024, Ponting Wines became the official wine partner of the club.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theage.com.au/sport/afl/why-an-investment-banker-with-roos-blood-in-his-veins-stormed-into-john-elliott-s-office-with-a-cheque-20250605-p5m5bg.html | title=North Melbourne powerbrokers: Who has Roos blood? | date=12 June 2025 }}</ref>

==Sources==
* {{Cite book |title=Ricky Ponting|author=Nick Richardson |publisher=Legend Books |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-877096-13-6}}
* {{Cite book |title=Ricky Ponting |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Peter Staples |publisher=Ironbark Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-330-36117-0}}
*{{cite book|first=Ken| last=Piesse|author-link=Ken Piesse |year=1999| title=The Taylor Years: Australian cricket 1994–99 |isbn=978-0-670-88829-0|publisher=[[Penguin Books|Penguin Books Australia]]}}
*{{Cite book|last=Knight|first=James|title=Mark Waugh: The biography|year=2003|publisher=Harper Collins|isbn=978-0-00-715454-8 }}
* {{Cite book |title=World Cup Diary |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Brian Murgatroyd |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-7322-7847-2}}
* {{Cite book |title=My First Year |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Brian Murgatroyd |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7322-7848-9}}
*{{Cite book | first=Geoff | last=Armstrong | year=2006 | publisher=New Holland Publishers | isbn=978-1-74110-439-4 | title=The 100 Greatest Cricketers | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/100greatestcrick0000arms }}
* {{Cite book |title=Ashes Diary |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Brian Murgatroyd |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7322-8152-6}}
* {{Cite book |title=Captain's Diary 2006 |author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Geoff Armstrong |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7322-8153-3}}
* {{Cite book |title=Captain's Diary 2007|author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Geoff Armstrong |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7322-8153-3}}
* {{Cite book |title=Captain's Diary 2008|author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Geoff Armstrong |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7322-8491-6}}
* {{Cite book |title=Captain's Diary 2009|author=Ricky Ponting |author2=Geoff Armstrong |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-7322-8957-7}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{cricinfo|id=7133}}
*[https://www.cricbuzz.com/profiles/38/ricky-ponting Ricky Ponting] at [[Cricbuzz]]
*{{Sport Australia Hall of Fame|ricky-ponting}}

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Uma Ramakrishnan

2026-02-12T03:17:17Z

MarkKapoor: stub

{{short description|Indian molecular ecologist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Uma Ramakrishnan
| image =
| alma_mater = PhD, [[University of California, San Diego]]
Postdoc, [[Stanford University]]
| occupation = Professor
| awards = [[Parker-Gentry Award]]
| website = https://www.ncbs.res.in/faculty/uma-research
}}
'''Uma Ramakrishnan''' is an Indian molecular ecologist and professor at [[National Centre for Biological Sciences]] (NCBS), Bangalore. Her research investigates population genetics and evolutionary history of mammals in the Indian subcontinent, including work to save India's tigers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbs.res.in/faculty/uma|title=Dr. Uma Ramakrishnan {{!}} NCBS|website=www.ncbs.res.in|access-date=2019-08-31}}</ref> In July 2019, she was elected as a fellow to the [[Indian National Science Academy]].<ref name="news.ncbs.res.in">{{Cite web|url=http://news.ncbs.res.in/spotlight/congratulations-dr-uma-ramakrishnan-elected-fellow-insa|title=Congratulations! Dr Uma Ramakrishnan elected fellow of INSA {{!}} NCBS News|website=news.ncbs.res.in|access-date=2019-08-31}}</ref>

==Education==
Ramakrishnan did a Bachelor of Science in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics and a Master's in biotechnology.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thelifeofscience.com/2018/03/16/tiger-trail-uma/|title=On the tiger trail with Uma|date=2018-03-16|website=The Life of Science|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-08-31}}</ref> She subsequently received a PhD from the [[University of California, San Diego]], following which she was a postdoc at [[Stanford University]].{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}

==Research and career==
Ramakrishnan joined NCBS in 2005 as an assistant professor.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} Her lab developed methods to conduct population monitoring and landscape/population genetics with tiger fecal samples.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://web.stanford.edu/dept/cehg/cgi-bin/cehg-symposium/speakers/uma-ramakrishnan/|title=Uma Ramakrishnan « CEHG Symposium|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-16|archive-date=18 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171218101018/https://web.stanford.edu/dept/cehg/cgi-bin/cehg-symposium/speakers/uma-ramakrishnan/}}</ref> Her previous projects include work on contrasting population structure between commensal and wild rodents, and understanding drivers of diversification in montane bird communities in the Western Ghats.<ref name=":2" /> Ramakrishnan has worked with the tiger expert and former director of Wildlife Conservation Society- India, [[K. Ullas Karanth]]. Together with Karanth, Ramakrishnan's lab used genetic sampling to estimate the tiger population in [[Bandipur National Park]].<ref name="On the tiger trail with Uma">{{Cite web|date=2018-03-16|title=On the tiger trail with Uma|url=https://thelifeofscience.com/2018/03/16/tiger-trail-uma/|access-date=2019-08-31|website=The Life of Science|language=en-GB}}</ref> Her research on the connectivity of tiger populations in Central India was presented in court to stay the widening of NH7 which cuts across the Kanha-Pench corridor.<ref name="On the tiger trail with Uma"/>

== Publications ==
{{Scholia}}
* Merging paleobiology with conservation biology to guide the future of terrestrial ecosystems, ''[[Science (journal)|Science]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Zhang|first1=Zhibin|last2=Wake|first2=Marvalee H.|last3=Stenseth|first3=Nils Chr|last4=Stegner|first4=M. Allison|last5=Stegner|first5=Lynn|last6=Solari|first6=Katherine|last7=Shrestha|first7=Kashish Das|last8=Schnitzler|first8=Jan|last9=Ramakrishnan|first9=Uma|date=2017-02-10|title=Merging paleobiology with conservation biology to guide the future of terrestrial ecosystems|journal=Science|language=en|volume=355|issue=6325|article-number=eaah4787|doi=10.1126/science.aah4787|issn=0036-8075|pmid=28183912|hdl=10138/308891|s2cid=206652071|hdl-access=free}}</ref>
* History of Click-Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA and Y Chromosome Genetic Variation, [[Molecular Biology and Evolution]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Mountain|first1=Joanna L.|last2=Reed|first2=Floyd A.|last3=Ramakrishnan|first3=Uma|last4=Nyambo|first4=Thomas B.|last5=Lema|first5=Godfrey|last6=Fernandopulle|first6=Neil|last7=Gignoux|first7=Christopher|last8=Knight|first8=Alec|last9=Mortensen|first9=Holly|date=2007-10-01|title=History of Click-Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA and Y Chromosome Genetic Variation|url=https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/24/10/2180/1071196|journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution|language=en|volume=24|issue=10|pages=2180–2195|doi=10.1093/molbev/msm155|pmid=17656633|issn=0737-4038|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* Protected areas and biodiversity conservation in India, [[Biological Conservation (journal)|Biological Conservation]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ghosh-Harihar|first1=Mousumi|last2=An|first2=Ruby|last3=Athreya|first3=Ramana|last4=Borthakur|first4=Udayan|last5=Chanchani|first5=Pranav|last6=Chetry|first6=Dilip|last7=Datta|first7=Aparajita|last8=Harihar|first8=Abishek|last9=Karanth|first9=Krithi K.|date=2019-09-01|title=Protected areas and biodiversity conservation in India|journal=Biological Conservation|volume=237|pages=114–124|doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2019.06.024|s2cid=198252839 |issn=0006-3207|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Mondol|first1=Samrat|last2=Ullas Karanth|first2=K.|last3=Samba Kumar|first3=N.|last4=Gopalaswamy|first4=Arjun M.|last5=Andheria|first5=Anish|last6=Ramakrishnan|first6=Uma|date=2009-10-01|title=Evaluation of non-invasive genetic sampling methods for estimating tiger population size|journal=Biological Conservation|volume=142|issue=10|pages=2350–2360|doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2009.05.014|issn=0006-3207}}</ref>
* Conservation priorities for endangered Indian tigers through a genomic lens, [[Scientific Reports]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ramakrishnan|first1=Uma|last2=Borthakur|first2=Udayan|last3=Zachariah|first3=Arun|last4=Jhala|first4=Yadvendradev V.|last5=Nigam|first5=Parag|last6=Atla|first6=Goutham|last7=Natesh|first7=Meghana|date=2017-08-29|title=Conservation priorities for endangered Indian tigers through a genomic lens|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=7|issue=1|page=9614|doi=10.1038/s41598-017-09748-3|pmid=28851952|pmc=5575265|issn=2045-2322}}</ref>
* Rapid multiplex PCR based species identification of wild tigers using non-invasive samples, ''[[Conservation Genetics (journal)|Conservation Genetics]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Mukherjee|first1=Nibedita|last2=Mondol|first2=Samrat|last3=Andheria|first3=Anish|last4=Ramakrishnan|first4=Uma|date=2007-12-01|title=Rapid multiplex PCR based species identification of wild tigers using non-invasive samples|journal=Conservation Genetics|language=en|volume=8|issue=6|pages=1465–1470|doi=10.1007/s10592-007-9289-z|s2cid=2653535|issn=1572-9737}}</ref>
* Commensalism facilitates gene flow in mountains: a comparison between two Rattus species [http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v115/n3/full/hdy201534a.html]
* Identifying species, sex and individual tigers and leopards in the Malenad-Mysore Tiger Landscape, Western Ghats, India - Mondol, S., Kumar, N.S., Gopalaswamy, A. et al. Conservation Genet Resour (2015) 7: 353. doi:10.1007/s12686-014-0371-9 [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12686-014-0371-9]
* Reassessment of the distribution and threat status of the Western Ghats endemic bird, Nilgiri Pipit Anthus nilghiriensis - V. V. Robin*,†, C. K. Vishnudas* and Uma Ramakrishnan [http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/107/04/0622.pdf]

== Awards and honours ==
* Ramanujan Fellowship, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (2010)<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbs.res.in/honors-awards/2010-2012|title=Honors & Awards(2010-2012) {{!}} NCBS|website=www.ncbs.res.in|access-date=2019-02-16}}</ref>
*Parker/Gentry Award by [[Field Museum of Natural History|Field Museum, Chicago]]<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/bengaluru-based-ecologist-bags-parker-gentry-award-work-tiger-conservation-42026|website=www.thenewsminute.com|access-date=2019-02-16|title=Bengaluru based ecologist bags Parker-Gentry award for work on tiger conservation|date=22 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=2016 Dr. Uma Ramakrishnan {{!}} Parker/Gentry Award|url=https://parkergentry.fieldmuseum.org/2016|access-date=2019-08-31|website=parkergentry.fieldmuseum.org|archive-date=21 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421034244/https://parkergentry.fieldmuseum.org/2016}}</ref>
*Senior Research Visiting Fellow, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore (2011)<ref name=":4" />
*Outstanding Scientist Award, Department of Atomic Energy (2012)<ref name=":4" />
*Fellow, Indian National Science Academy (INSA)<ref name="news.ncbs.res.in"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramakrishnan, Uma}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Scientists from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Indian women physicists]]

B. P. Acharya

2026-02-06T05:52:07Z

MarkKapoor: added info

{{Short description|Indian bureaucrat (born 1960)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name = B. P. Acharya
| image = BP Acharya Office.jpg
| caption = Acharya in his office at [[Dr. Marri Channa Reddy Human Resource Development Institute of Telangana|MCR HRD Institute]]
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 30 October 1960
| other_names =
| occupation = Indian Administrative Service Officer
}}

'''B. P. Acharya''' (born 30 October 1960) is a senior officer of the 1983 batch [[Indian Administrative Service]] (IAS).

== Career ==
Acharya's first government position, in 1985, was as a sub-collector in [[Bhadrachalam]]. In 1993 he became [[Warangal]] collector.<ref name=retirement>{{cite news |title=CRHRD Institute director-general BP Acharya set to retire today |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2020/oct/31/crhrd-institute-director-general-bp-acharya-set-to-retire-today-2217289.html |work=The New Indian Express |date=31 October 2020 }}</ref> He was Special Chief Secretary, Planning in Telangana until December 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140725/nation-current-affairs/article/bathukamma-made-telangana-state-festival|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726062858/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140725/nation-current-affairs/article/bathukamma-made-telangana-state-festival|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 July 2014|title=Bathukamma is made Telangana state festival|date=July 25, 2014|website=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2013-11-13|title=B.P. Acharya posted as Principal Secretary, Planning|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/bp-acharya-posted-as-principal-secretary-planning/article5345826.ece|access-date=2020-10-11|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/big-plans-on-tourism/article7522190.ece |title=Big plans on tourism |first=Ravi |last=Reddy |date=August 10, 2015|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> On his retirement in 2020, he was Director General for [[Dr. Marri Channa Reddy Human Resource Development Institute of Telangana|MCR HRD Institute of Telangana]] and also Special Chief Secretary in General Administration Department for [[Telangana]] State.<ref name=retirement/><ref name=appointed/>

As Secretary, Industries and Commerce, he was involved in creating [[Genome Valley]] on the outskirts of [[Hyderabad]] and many such industrial clusters.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Swarup|first=Anil|date=1 March 2021 |title=Making it Happen: Genome Valley, the biotech hub of India |url=https://thedailyguardian.com/making-it-happen-genome-valley-the-biotech-hub-of-india/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414112201/https://thedailyguardian.com/making-it-happen-genome-valley-the-biotech-hub-of-india/ |archive-date=14 April 2021 |access-date=8 November 2021|work=The Daily Guardian}}</ref> After retirement, he was appointed as advisor to the [[Indian Council of Medical Research]] for their [[National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research]] in Genome Valley.<ref name=appointed>{{cite news|title=ICMR appoints BP Acharya advisor to NARFBR| url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2021/apr/11/icmr-appoints-bp-acharya-advisor-to-narfbr-2288503.html |work=The New Indian Express |date=11 April 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=ఎన్‌ఏఆర్‌ఎఫ్‌ బీఆర్‌కి సలహాదారుగా బీపీ ఆచార్య |trans-title=BP Acharya elected as NIRF BR advisor |url=https://www.eenadu.net/latestnews/bp-acharya-elected-as-nirf-br-advisor/0600/121074091 |date=11 April 2021 |website=Eenadu|language=te}}</ref>

=== Corruption investigation ===
In January 2012, Acharya was arrested by the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] (CBI) on charges of conspiracy, cheating, and corruption in connection with a joint development venture with [[Emaar Properties]] at [[Gachibowli]] during his tenure as vice chairman and managing director of the publicly owned [[Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation]] in 2005–10.<ref name=Rahul>{{cite news |last1=Rahul |first1=N. |title=Andhra Pradesh Home Secretary arrested |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Andhra-Pradesh-Home-Secretary-arrested/article13388470.ece |work=The Hindu |orig-year=30 January 2012 |date=18 October 2016|language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/bp-acharya-urges-court-to-absolve-him-in-emaar-case/article4681438.ece |title=B.P. Acharya urges court to absolve him in Emaar case |work=The Hindu |orig-year=4 May 2013 |date=25 July 2016 }}</ref> He was released on bail in March 2012 and surrendered after his bail was revoked later the same month.<ref>{{cite news |title=Emaar case: Suspended IAS officer BP Acharya surrenders |url=https://www.ndtv.com/andhra-pradesh-news/emaar-case-suspended-ias-officer-bp-acharya-surrenders-474067 |work=NDTV.com |date=30 March 2012}}</ref> The accused secured a [[Stay of proceedings|stay]] in early 2016.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sagarkumar |last=Mutha |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/emaar-case-no-progress-in-trial-last-year/articleshow/57283200.cms |title=Emaar case: No progress in trial last year |newspaper=The Times of India |date=22 February 2017 }}</ref> The [[High courts of India|High Court]] subsequently quashed the charge against Acharya, and neither he nor another senior IAS officer accused by the CBI were among the 15 people charged in June 2019.<ref>{{cite news |first=M Sagar |last=Kumar |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/ed-files-chargesheet-in-emaar-scam/articleshow/69848914.cms |title=Enforcement Directorate files chargesheet in Emaar scam |work=The Times of India |date=19 June 2019 }}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Acharya's wife, Ranjeev R. Acharya, is also a senior IAS officer.<ref name=Rahul/>

== Publications and exhibitions ==

* ''Kakatiya Heritage'', ed. M Pandu Ranga Rao (contribution)<ref>{{Cite news |first=Zareena |last=Parveen |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/books/2020/aug/31/an-expansive-treatise-on-the-golden-era-of-kakatiyas-2190481.html |title=An expansive treatise on the golden era of Kakatiyas |newspaper=The New Indian Express |date=31 August 2020 }}</ref>
* ''Obtuse Angle'' at Goethe Zentrum, Hyderabad (exhibition)<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nadadhur|first=Srivathsan|date=2017-04-29|title=B P Acharya's Obtuse Angle: Travails of a civil servant|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/art/b-p-acharyas-obtuse-angle-travails-of-a-civil-servant/article18305904.ece|access-date=2020-10-11|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indian civil servants}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Acharya, B. P.}}
[[Category:Indian Administrative Service officers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:Politicians from Telangana]]

Kalwakurthy Assembly constituency

2026-02-01T19:25:27Z

MarkKapoor:

{{Short description|Constituency of the Telangana legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Kalwakurthy
| map_image = Legislative Assembly constituencies of Telangana (83-Kalwakurthy highlighted).png
| map_caption = Location of Kalwakurthy Assembly constituency within Telangana
| mla = [[Kasireddy Narayan Reddy]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| latest_election_year = 2023
| established = 1951
| state = [[Telangana]]
| district = [[Nagarkurnool]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Nagarkurnool Lok Sabha constituency|Nagarkurnool]]
| electors = 1,99,363
| type = SLA
| reservation = None
| incumbent_image = Kasireddy Narayanreddy.jpg
| constituency_no = 83
}}

'''Kalwakurthy Assembly constituency''' is a constituency of [[Telangana Legislative Assembly]], India. It is one of four constituencies in [[Nagarkurnool district]] and one of the eight constituencies in [[Ranga Reddy district]]. It is part of [[Nagarkurnool Lok Sabha constituency]].

[[Kasireddy Narayan Reddy]] of [[Indian National Congress]] won the seat with majority of 5,410 in the 2023 Assembly election.

[[NT Rama Rao]], founder of the [[Telugu Desam Party]], lost from this constituency when he was defeated by Chittaranjan Das of Congress in 1989 elections.

==Mandals==
The Assembly Constituency presently comprises the following mandals:
{{srn}}
{|class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-hash"
!Mandal !!District
|-
| [[Kalwakurthy]]
| rowspan=2|[[Nagarkurnool district|Nagarkurnool]]
|-
| [[Veldanda]]
|-
| [[Talakondapalle]]
| rowspan=4|[[Rangareddy District|Rangareddy]]
|-
| [[Amangal]]
|-
| [[Madgul]]
|-
| [[Kadthal]]
|-
|}

== Members of Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year of election
! MLA
! colspan="2" | Political party
|-
! colspan=4| [[Hyderabad State]]
|-
| 1952
| M. Narsing Rao
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 1952
| K.R. Veeraswamy
|-
! colspan=4| [[Andhra Pradesh]]
|-
| 1957
| Shanta Bai Talpallikar
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| 1962
| Venkat Reddy
| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
| 1964
| Shanta Bai Talpallikar
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| 1967
| G. Reddy
| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
| 1969
| rowspan=4|[[Jaipal Reddy]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 1972
|-
| 1978
| {{Full party name with color|Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 1983
|-
| 1985
| rowspan=2|J. Chittaranjan Das
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 1989
|-
| 1994
| Yadma Kista Reddy
| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
| 1999
| [[Gurka Jaipal Yadav]]
| {{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party}}
|-
| 2004
| Yadma Kista Reddy
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| 2009
| [[Gurka Jaipal Yadav]]
| {{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party}}
|-
! colspan=4| [[Telangana]]
|-
| 2014
| [[Challa Vamshichand Reddy]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| 2018
| [[Gurka Jaipal Yadav]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}
|-
|[[2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
|[[Kasireddy Narayan Reddy]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|}

== Election results ==

=== Telangana Legislative Assembly election, 2023 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|Telangana Assembly Elections, 2023]]: Kalwakurthy (Assembly constituency)}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link
| party = Indian National Congress
| candidate = [[Kasireddy Narayan Reddy]]
| votes = 75,858
| percentage = 37.41
| change =
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Thalloju Achari|votes=70,448|percentage=34.75|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharat Rashtra Samithi|candidate=[[Gurka Jaipal Yadav]]|votes=42,847|percentage=21.13|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Komma Srinivasulu|votes=2,667|percentage=1.32|change=}}{{Election box candidate|party=Alliance of Democratic Reforms Party|candidate=Adula Srinu|votes=1,941|percentage=0.96|change=}}{{Election box candidate|party=Vidhyarthula Rajakiya Party|candidate=Vaggu Vinay|votes=1,111|percentage=0.55|change=}}{{Election box candidate|party=Yuga Thulasi Party|candidate=Syed Ahmed Ali|votes=922|percentage=0.45|change=}}{{Election box candidate|party=Dharma Samaj Party|candidate=Ramesh Vankeshwaram|votes=907|percentage=0.45|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|candidate=Paladi Kiran Kumar|votes=714|percentage=0.35|change=}}{{Election box candidate|party=Bahujan Republican Socialist Party|candidate=Pandurangaiah M|votes=685|percentage=0.34|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the Above]]|votes=661|percentage=0.33|change=}}{{Election box majority|votes=5,410|percentage=2.66|change=}}{{Election box turnout|votes=2,02,752|percentage=|change=}}{{Election box gain with party link

| winner = Indian National Congress
| loser = Bharat Rashtra Samithi
| swing =
}}{{Election box end}}

=== Telangana Legislative Assembly election, 2018 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2018 Telangana Legislative Assembly election]]: Kalwakurthy}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
| party = Telangana Rashtra Samithi
| candidate = [[Gurka Jaipal Yadav]]
| votes = 62,892
| percentage = 35.34%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[ Achary Talloju]]|votes=59,445|percentage=33.41%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Challa Vamshichand Reddy]]|votes=46,523|percentage=26.14%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the Above]]|votes=1,356|percentage=0.76%|change=}}
{{Election box majority|votes=3,447|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=1,77,914|percentage=87.21|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link

| winner = Telangana Rashtra Samithi
|loser = Indian National Congress
| swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== Telangana Legislative Assembly election, 2014 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|Telangana Assembly Elections, 2014]]: Kalwakurthy (Assembly constituency)}}<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20181228083218/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=997&cid=83 Kalwakurthy Results]}}</ref>
{{Election box candidate with party link
| party = Indian National Congress
| candidate =[[Challa Vamshichand Reddy]]
| votes = 42,782
| percentage = 26.44%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| party = Bharatiya Janata Party
| candidate = Achary Talloju
| votes = 42704
| percentage = 26.39%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| party = Telangana Rashtra Samithi
| candidate = Gurka Jaipal Yadav
| votes = 29,844
| percentage = 18.45%
| change =
}}
{{Election box majority
| votes = 82
| percentage = .04%
| change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
| votes = 1,69,799
| percentage = 81.02%
| change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
| winner = Indian National Congress
|loser = Telugu Desam Party
| swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 1989===
{| class="wikitable"
!Party<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/telangana/assembly-constituencies/kalwakurthy.html|title=Kalwakurthy Elections Results 2014, Current MLA, Candidate List of Assembly Elections in Kalwakurthy, Telangana|website=elections.in|access-date=2017-10-09}}</ref>
!Candidate
!Votes
!%
!Win/Loss
|-
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|J. Chittaranjan Das
|54354
|48.94%
|Win
|-
|[[Telugu Desam Party]]
|[[N. T. Rama Rao]]
|50786
|47.59%
|Loss
|-
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|Sangapuram Sai Kumar
|556
|0.52%
|Loss
|}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of Telangana Legislative Assembly]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|16.67|78.49|display=title}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Telangana}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Telangana]]
[[Category:Mahbubnagar district]]
[[Category:Politics of Telangana]]
[[Category:Constituencies established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in India]]

Tibetan Children's Villages

2026-01-31T18:41:20Z

MarkKapoor: refine page for clarity

{{Short description|Non-Profit Organization}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2008}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = Tibetan Children's Villages (TCV)

བོད་ཕྲུག་ཁྱིམ་སྡེ་
| logo = TCV Logo.jpg
| type = [[Non-profit organization|Non-profit]]
| founded=1960
| location = [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamsala]]
| fields =
| homepage = {{URL|https://tcv.org.in}}
}}

[[File:14th Dalai Lama.jpg|thumb|376x376px|Dalai Lama at [[Tibetan Children's Village]], [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamsala]], 1993.]]
[[File:Tibetan Children's Village, McLeod Ganj.jpg|thumb|View of ''Tibetan Children's Villages'', at McLeod Ganj, [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamsala]].|262x262px]]
[[File:Tibetan Children's Villages' 50th anniversary. 2010.jpg|thumb|300px|Tibetan Children's Villages' 50th anniversary in [[Dharamsala]], 2010.]]

'''Tibetan Children's Villages''' or '''TCV''' is an integrated community in [[exile]] for the care and education of [[orphans]], destitutes and refugee children from [[Tibet]]. It is a registered, nonprofit charitable [[organization]] with its main facility based at [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamsala]] in [[Himachal Pradesh]], North [[India]]. TCV has a network spread across India with over 12,000 children under its care.

From 1964 until 2006 the TCV has been presided by [[Jetsun Pema (born 1940)|Jetsun Pema]], sister of 14th [[Dalai Lama]] [[14th Dalai Lama|Tenzin Gyatso]]. In 2009, The TCV established the first Tibetan college in exile in [[Bangalore]] ([[India]]) which was named "The Dalai Lama Institute for Higher Education". The goals of this college is to teach [[Tibetic languages|Tibetan language]] and [[Tibetan culture]], but also science, arts, [[School counselor|counseling]] and [[information technology]] to Tibetan students in exile.<ref name="Phayul-DalaiLamaInaugurates">{{cite web
| last = Staff
| authorlink =
| title = Dalai Lama inaugurates first Tibetan college in India - www.phayul.com
| publisher = Phayul.com
| date = 17 February 2009
| url = http://www.phayul.com/news/article.aspx?id=23836&article=Dalai+Lama+inaugurates+first+Tibetan+college+in+India&t=1&c=1
| format =
| accessdate = 2010-02-04
| archive-date = 2009-10-11
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091011232613/http://www.phayul.com/news/article.aspx?id=23836&article=Dalai+Lama+inaugurates+first+Tibetan+college+in+India&t=1&c=1
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

The Tibetan Children's Village continually contributes today. Over 60% of co-workers in different TCV branches are alumni members, and a significant number of graduate students are serving in various departments of the exiled government. Also, it has expanded and currently operates centers in Upper Dharamshala, Lower Dharamshala, Bylakuppe, Gopalpur, Chauntra, Suja, Ladakh, and Selakui. The Village also operates Youth Hostels in Delhi and Bengaluru. The Mission of Tibetan Children's Villages (TCV) - is to certify that all Tibetan children under its care receive a sound education, strong cultural identity, and become self-reliant and contributing members of the Tibetan community and the world at large.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chen|date=|title=Tibetan Children's Village|url=https://www.globalministries.org/tibetan_childrens_village|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-11-15|website=Global Ministries}}</ref>

==Locations==
*Lower Dharamsala<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lowertcv.org/|website=Tibetan's Children Village School, Lower Dharamasala|accessdate=22 March 2017|title=Tibetan Children's Village School, Lower Dharamsala}}</ref>
*TCV Selakui<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tcvselakui.org/|website=Tibetan's Children Village School, Selakui|accessdate=22 March 2017|title=Welcome to Tibetan Children's Village School, Selakui}}</ref>
*McLeod Ganj<ref>{{cite web|title=Tibetan Children's Village School in Mcleod Ganj|url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/india/dharamsala/attractions/tibetan-childrens-village/a/poi-sig/478056/356298|website=Lonely Planet|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref>
*Upper Dharamsala<ref>{{cite web|title=TCV UPPER DHARAMSALA|url=http://www.tcv.org.in/content/tcv-upper-dharamsala|website=Tibetan Children's Villages|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref>
*TCV Bylakuppee<ref>{{cite web|title=TCV Bylakuppee|url=http://www.tcv.org.in/content/tcv-bylakuppee|website=Tibetan Children's Villages|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref>
*TCV Chauntra<ref>{{cite web|title=TCV Chauntra|url=http://www.tcv.org.in/content/tcv-chauntra|website=Tibetan Children's Villages|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref>
*TCV Gopalpur<ref>{{cite web|title=TCV Gopalpur|url=http://www.tcv.org.in/content/tcv-gopalpur|website=Tibetan Children's Villages|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref>
*TCV Ladakh<ref>{{cite web|title=TCV Ladakh|url=http://www.tcv.org.in/content/tcv-ladakh|website=Tibetan Children's Villages|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref>
*Suja<ref>{{cite web|title=TCV Suja|url=http://www.tcv.org.in/content/tcv-suja|website=Tibetan Children's Villages|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of organizations of Tibetans in exile]]
* [[List of academic and research institutes in Ladakh]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.tcv.org.in/ Official Tibetan Children's Villages website]
*https://www.globalministries.org/tibetan_childrens_village

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Children's charities based in India]]
[[Category:Educational organisations based in India]]
[[Category:Tibetan diaspora in India]]
[[Category:Tibetan international schools]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1960]]
[[Category:Orphanages in India]]
[[Category:Child refugees]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Dharamshala]]
[[Category:1960 establishments in Himachal Pradesh]]

{{Tibet-stub}}
{{Charity-stub}}

Richa Hingle

2026-01-06T13:30:53Z

MarkKapoor: Adding a stub

{{Short description|Indian vegan cookbook author}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Richa Hingle
| image =
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| occupation = [[Vegan]] cookbook author
| education =
| alma_mater =
| subject = [[Vegan]]/[[plant-based]] cookbooks
| notable_works = ''Vegan Richa's Indian Kitchen: Traditional and Creative Recipes for the Home Cook.'' (2015) ''Vegan Richa's Instant Pot™ Cookbook: 150 Plant-based Recipes from Indian Cuisine and Beyond.'' [[Hachette Book Group]], 2022.
| years_active =
| website = 
}}

'''Richa Hingle''' is an Indian [[vegan]]/[[plant-based]] cookbook author, known as the blogger '''Vegan Richa'''.

==Early life==
Hingle grew up in [[India]].<ref name="inspire">{{cite web
|url=https://masalamommas.com/2016/03/06/thinking-about-going-vegan-richa-hingle-may-inspire-you/
|title=Thinking About Going Vegan? Richa Hingle May Inspire You
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=Nayyar
|first=Anjum
|date=March 6, 2016
|work=masalamommas.com
|archive-date=January 16, 2024
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116232519/https://masalamommas.com/2016/03/06/thinking-about-going-vegan-richa-hingle-may-inspire-you/
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

==Career==
She was forced to give up her career as a [[software engineer]] after a [[craniotomy]] in 2006.<ref name="about" /> During the recovery period, she adopted a rescue dog and became involved in [[animal welfare]].<ref name=chic>{{cite web
|url=https://www.chicvegan.com/interview-series-richa-hingle/
|title=Interview Series: Richa Hingle
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=
|first=
|date= May 20, 2015
|work=ChicVegan
}}</ref> She also began to blog about baking and learned about [[veganism]].<ref name=chic/><ref name=aboutjourney>{{cite web
|url=https://www.veganricha.com/our-vegan-journey-and-faqs/
|title=Official website: our vegan journey
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=Hingle
|first=Richa
|date= January 2012
|work=veganricha.com
}}</ref><ref name=inspire/><ref name=about/>

Hingle started her blog "Vegan Richa" in 2009,<ref name="inspire" /> and fully shifted to a vegan diet around 2010,<ref name="about" /> motivated by her rescue experience.<ref name="inspire" />

==Awards and reception==
''[[Vegetarian Times]]'' listed her first cookbook, ''Vegan Richa's Indian Kitchen: Traditional and Creative Recipes for the Home Cook'' (2015), as one of their "favorite" cookbooks of 2015,<ref name=vt>{{cite magazine
| last1 = Gregory
| first1 = Nicole
| author-link1 =
| date = December 2015
| title = Not For Vegans Only
| magazine = [[Vegetarian Times]]
| page = 71
}}</ref> [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals|PETA]] listed it as one of "7 Must-Have Vegan Cookbooks" in 2016,<ref name=PETA>{{cite web
|url=https://prime.peta.org/news/7-must-have-vegan-cookbooks/
|title=7 Must-Have Vegan Cookbooks
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=Moore
|first=Paula
|date=August 12, 2016
|work=[[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals|PETA]]
}}</ref> [[Good Housekeeping]] named it one of the "15 best meat-free cookbooks in 2019,"<ref name=mf>{{cite web
|url=https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/entertainment/g29194506/best-vegan-cookbooks/?slide=14
|title=We're Loving These 15 Vegan Cookbooks for a Meat-Free Feast
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=Schumer
|first=Lizz
|date=September 27, 2019
|work=[[Good Housekeeping]]
}}</ref> and [[Women's Health (magazine)]] refers to it as one of the "20 Best Vegan Cookbooks Of 2022 For Every Type Of Cuisine And Interest."<ref name=wh>{{cite web
|url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/food/g29438497/best-vegan-cookbooks/?slide=6
|title=20 Best Vegan Cookbooks Of 2022 For Every Type Of Cuisine And Interest
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=Miller
|first=Marissa
|date=October 13, 2019
|work=[[Women's Health (magazine)|Women's Health]]
}}</ref> [[VegNews]] named it one of the "Top 100 Vegan Cookbooks of All Time," in 2024.<ref name=at>{{cite web
|url=https://vegnews.com/cookbooks/best-vegan-cookbooks-4
|title=The Top 100 Vegan Cookbooks of All Time
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=Pointing
|first=Charlotte
|date= January 10, 2024
|work=[[VegNews]]
}}</ref>

[[VegNews]] listed Hingle as one of the "37 Creative Chefs Crafting the Future of Vegan Food" in 2023,<ref name=chefs>{{cite web
|url=https://vegnews.com/chefs/creative-vegan-chefs
|title=37 Creative Chefs Crafting the Future of Vegan Food
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=Pointing
|first=Charlotte
|date= July 27, 2023
|work=[[VegNews]]
}}</ref> and gave her a Bloggy Award in 2016.<ref name=ba>{{cite web
|url=https://vegnews.com/interviews/the-vegnews-bloggy-awards
|title=The VegNews Bloggy Awards
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=
|first=
|date= July 24, 2016
|work=[[VegNews]]
}}</ref>

In 2022, ''Vegan Richa's Instant Pot™ Cookbook: 150 Plant-based Recipes from Indian Cuisine and Beyond'' was nominated for an IVFF award.<ref name=IVFFcookbookcontest>{{cite web
|url=https://theivff.com/cookbook-winners-nominees
|title=International Vegan Film Festival Cookbook Contest
|last=
|first=
|date= 2021
|work=The International Vegan Film Festival
}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Hingle lives in [[Seattle, Washington]] with her husband.<ref name=inspire/><ref name=about>{{cite web
|url=https://www.veganricha.com/about-contact/
|title=Official website: about
|access-date=January 16, 2024
|last=Hingle
|first=Richa
|date= January 2012
|work=veganricha.com
}}</ref>

==Books==
*''Vegan Richa's Instant Pot™ Cookbook: 150 Plant-based Recipes from Indian Cuisine and Beyond.'' [[Hachette Book Group]], 2022. {{ISBN|978-0306875038}}.
*''Vegan Richa's Everyday Kitchen: Epic Anytime Recipes with a World of Flavor.'' Vegan Heritage Press, 2017. {{ISBN|978-1941252390}}.
*''Vegan Richa's Indian Kitchen: Traditional and Creative Recipes for the Home Cook.'' Vegan Heritage Press, 2015. {{ISBN|978-1941252093}}.

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|veganricha.com}}
*{{YouTube channel|c=VeganRichaRecipes}}- Official YouTube Channel
*[https://hachettebookgroup.com/contributor/richa-hingle/ Biography] - [[Hachette Book Group]]

{{People in veganism and vegetarianism}}
{{Plant-based diets}}
{{Indian Dishes}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hingle, Richa}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:American women activists]]
[[Category:Chefs of Indian cuisine]]
[[Category:Indian cookbook writers]]
[[Category:Indian veganism activists]]
[[Category:Indian women activists]]
[[Category:Indian women food writers]]
[[Category:Plant-based cookbook writers]]
[[Category:Vegan cookbook writers]]

Department of Non-Resident Keralites Affairs

2025-11-26T03:52:17Z

MarkKapoor: Adding New Biography

{{Short description|Kerala government agency}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox Government agency
| agency_name = Department of Non-Resident Keralites Affairs of State of Kerala (NORKA ROOTS)
| nativename = പ്രവാസി മലയാളി കാര്യ മന്ത്രാലയം
| nativename_a =
| nativename_r =
| logo =
| logo_width =
| logo_caption =
| seal =
| seal_width =
| seal_caption =
| formed = {{Start date and age|1996|12|06|df=yes}}
| preceding1 =
| preceding2 =
| dissolved =
| superseding =
| jurisdiction = [[Kerala]]
| headquarters = [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]], India
| employees =
| budget =
| minister1_name = [[Pinarayi Vijayan]]
| minister1_pfo = Minister for NORKA
| chief1_name = [[T. V. Anupama]], IAS
| chief1_position = Secretary to Government
| chief2_name = Ajith Kolassery
| chief2_position = CEO
| chief3_name =
| chief3_position =
| chief4_name =
| chief4_position =
| chief5_name =
| chief5_position =
| chief6_name =
| chief6_position =
| chief7_name =
| chief7_position =
| chief8_name =
| chief8_position =
| chief9_name =
| chief9_position =
| parent_department =
| website = https://norkaroots.kerala.gov.in/
| footnotes =
}}

The '''Non-Resident Keralites Affairs ''' abbreviated as '''NORKA''' is a department of the [[Government of Kerala]] formed on 6 December 1996 to redress the grievances of [[Malayalis|Non-Resident Keralites]] (NRKs).<ref name="norka">{{cite news|url=https://www.norka.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=25&Itemid=28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126141049/https://www.norka.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=25&Itemid=28|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 January 2010|accessdate=10 December 2009|title=NORKA profile}} </ref> It is the first of its kind formed in any [[India]]n state.<ref name="norka"/> The department was formed in an attempt to strengthen the relationship between the NRKs and the Government of Kerala and to improve the administrative framework.<ref name="norka"/> The field agency of NORKA is known as the ''NORKA Roots'', which was set up in 2002 to act as an interface between the NRKs and the Government of Kerala.<ref name="Norkaroots">{{cite news|url=https://www.norkaroots.net/Norka.htm|accessdate=10 December 2009|publisher=Govt of Kerala|title=Non-Resident Keralites' Affairs Department (NORKA),NORKA-ROOTS-A Profile}}</ref>
It also acts as a forum for addressing problems amongst non-resident Keralites, safeguarding their rights and assisting returnees.<ref name="Norkaroots"/>

Amidst the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the NORKA-Roots portal facilitated registration from people all around the world to request to return to [[Kerala]]. The portal also allowed people stuck in different states of the country to register on their site from 29 April 2020.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://norkaroots.org/ Norka]
* [https://www.worldmalayaleecouncil.net/ World Malayalee Council]
* [https://www.myaima.org/ All India malayalee association (AIMA)]
* [https://www.samaoccitanie.org/ Sarva Malayalee Association France - Occitanie (SAMA Occitanie)]

[[Category:1996 establishments in Kerala]]
[[Category:Diaspora ministries]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1996]]
[[Category:Government departments of Kerala]]
[[Category:Kerala diaspora]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Thiruvananthapuram]]

Kanjhawala

2025-11-15T02:27:07Z

MarkKapoor: updated details

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kanjhawala
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Sub Urban
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Delhi
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in India
| coordinates = {{coord|28.72674|N|77.00248|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Delhi]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[North West Delhi]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 10331
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official

| demographics1_title2=
Mother Tongue
| demographics1_info2=
[[Haryanvi]]

| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 110081
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi]], [[English language|English]]
}}
'''Kanjhawala''' is the administrative headquarters of the [[North West Delhi]] district of [[Delhi]], India.<ref>{{cite web|title=Official website of North-West district|url=http://dccentral.delhigovt.nic.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_northwest/North+West+District/Home/Organisation+Setup}}</ref> It is also a Sub-division of the North-West Delhi district.

==Demographics==
{{more citations needed section|date=April 2013}}
[[File:Delhimap.jpg|thumb|200px|Map of [[Delhi]] showing location of Kanjhawala]]
Kanjhawala had population of 10,331 of which 5,529 are males while 4,802 are females as per report released by Census India 2011.

The population of children ages 0-6 is 1,344, which is 13.01% of total population of Kanjhawala (CT). In Kanjhawala Census Town, the female sex ratio is 869 against state average of 868. Moreover, the child sex ratio in Kanjhawala is around 826, compared to Delhi state average of 871. The literacy rate of Kanjhawala city is 83% lower than the state average of 86.21%. In Kanjhawala, male literacy is around 90.07% while the female literacy is 75%.

People from every religion and caste are now part of this village, which is the center of four industrial areas: [[Bawana]], [[Mundka]], [[Rani Khera (Delhi)]], and [[Bahadurgarh]]. Also Kanjhawala now boasts of its own industrial area. The [[Deputy commissioner (India)|District commissioner]] (DC), [[Sub-Divisional Magistrate]]'s Office and the Revenue Court for northwest [[Delhi]] are all situated in Kanjhawala on main road MDR-8.

The most common language spoken is [[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]], along with [[Hindi]].

==Geography==
The [[Mahabharat]] Kalin Khandav Prasth Van is situated 1 km away from Kanjhawala village in Ladpur village area, which is now known as Dada Pobhara.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in North West Delhi district]]
[[Category:District subdivisions of Delhi]]

{{Delhi-geo-stub}}

Project 71

2025-11-10T13:30:44Z

MarkKapoor: Adding entry

'''Project 71''' may refer to:

* {{sclass|Vikrant|aircraft carrier|2}}, Indian indigenous aircraft carrier class, known as Project 71 Air Defence Ship
** {{ship|INS|Vikrant|2013}}, (IAC-1), first Indian indigenous aircraft carrier, launched in 2013, known as ship of the Project 71 Air Defence Ship class
* ''Project 71''(A) light aircraft carrier, a pre-WWII Soviet aircraft carrier design based on the {{sclass|Chapayev|cruiser|2}}
* ''Project 71B'' large aircraft carrier, a WWII Soviet aircraft carrier design based on the {{sclass|Kronshtadt|battlecruiser|2}}


==See also==
{{canned search|Project 71|71 Project|Proj 71|71 proj}}
* {{intitle|Project 71}}
* [[P71]] (disambiguation)
* [[71 (disambiguation)]]

{{dab}}

Indiramma Iyengar

2025-10-29T20:24:17Z

MarkKapoor: improve intro additionally and improved wording

{{Short description|Indian philanthropist and community organizer (1914–2010)}}
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2020}}
{{notability |date=October 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox person
|name = Indiramma Janardhana Iyengar
|birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1914|09|09}}
|birth_place = [[Kollegal]], [[Karnataka]], [[British Raj]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2010|11|03|1914|09|09}}
|death_place = [[Mysore]], Karnataka, India
|resting_place = Chirashantidharma, Gokulam, Mysore, India
|education = Lower Secondary School, [[Kollegal]], India
}}

'''Indiramma Janardhana Iyengar''' (9 September 1914 – 3 November 2010), also known as '''Manni''', was philanthropist and community organizer in Mysore, India.

== Biography ==
Indiramma Janardhana Iyengar, or H. R. Indiramma, {{né|Indiramma Srinivasa Iyengar}}, was the eldest of the three children of Srinivasa Iyengar and Sowmyanaki; her siblings were a younger brother, Sampath, and a younger sister, Padma. She graduated from the Lower Secondary school in [[Kollegal]] in 1926.

On February 26, 1926, she married 18-year-old [[H. R. Janardhana Iyengar]], son of Haradanahalli Ramaswamy Iyengar and Janakamma. Her husband would become a successful engineer, contractor, architect, designer, and also an established philanthropist in [[Mysore]]. After marriage, she lived in [[Bangalore]] until 1940, in a joint family, and then moved with the family to Mysore, where she remained permanently. She had five sons—Ramaswamy (born 1934), Srinivas (1938), Rangaraj (1940), Krishnamurthy (1942) and Prakash (1944)--and two daughters: Rathna (wife of [[K. K. Srinivasan]]; 1936) and Lavanya born in 1950. She had fifteen grandchildren, who now reside in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and India.

Throughout her life, she ardently followed the [[Srivaishnava]] philosophy and [[Hebbar Iyengar]] customs and traditions. Although not a professional [[Carnatic music]]ian, she was a respected singer, notably of Devarnamas. Indiramma was also a follower the teachings of [[Ramanujacharya]], with expertise in the Gadhya Thrayams, [[Vaikunta Gadyam]], [[Saranagati Gadyam]] and the [[Sriranga Gadyam]]. Under the tutelage of her mother-in-law and mother, Indiramma became well-versed in the [[Bhagavad Gita]] and the [[Bhagavatha Purana]]. Manni was conscientiously active in festivals and traditions, such as reading the [[Ramayana]] and performing the Rama Pattabhishekam on [[Vijayadashami]] during [[Mysore Dasara]], which she performed infallibly for decades. While raising seven successful children with her husband, she devoted herself to [[hospitality]], [[generosity]], and [[kindness]], opening her home for to a multitude of people as they worked and studied in Mysore, and providing financial and material support to the Mysore community; throughout her life, she was a respected member and a point of light in the community.

[[H. R. Janardhana Iyengar]] died on 6 February 1991. She lost her son, Rangaraj, at age 59 to leukemia on December 15, 1999. She was stoic in her grief and accepted all life events that came to pass with ''prasada budhi''. Throughout the last 15 years of her life, she underwent significant physical hardship, having lost her mobility to multiple hip fractures and also her eyesight. Bearing these burdens, she maintained her activities and philanthropy to the best of her ability with a strong mentation and genial outlook. Indiramma was a beautiful and gentle being, devoted to God, her family and her community. She died on 3 November 2010.

She was a trustee of the Sri Lakshmi Venkataramanaswamy temple in V. V. Mohalla, Mysore.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Iyengar, Indiramma Janardhana}}
[[Category:1914 births]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]

Neki Ram

2025-10-20T18:04:16Z

MarkKapoor: minor edit

{{Short description|Indian freedom fighter}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian politician
| name = Pandit Neki Ram Sharma
| birth_name =
| caption =
| image =
| birth_date = 5 September 1887
| birth_place = Kelanga, Bhiwani
| residence = Bhiwani
| death_date = 8 June 1956
| death_place =
| constituency =
| term_start =
| term_end =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| term_start1 =
| term_end1 =
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| otherparty =
| spouse = Tijan
| children =
| website =
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
}}

'''Pandit Neki Ram Sharma''' was a prominent Indian freedom fighter and politician known for his opposition to British colonial rule and his contributions to India's independence movement. He represented Punjab in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of India’s Parliament, as a member of the Indian National Congress.<ref name="Sabha2003">{{cite book |author=India. Parliament. Rajya Sabha |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VtpFJucR0foC |title=Rajya Sabha Members: Biographical Sketches, 1952-2003 |publisher=Rajya Sabha Secretariat |year=2003 |page=240 |accessdate=31 March 2019}}</ref><ref name="(Firm)1970">{{cite book |author=Times of India (Firm) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LkQjAQAAMAAJ |title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |year=1970 |page=359 |accessdate=31 March 2019}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Juneja |first=M. M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4IEeAAAAMAAJ&q=pandit%20neki%20ram%20sharma |title=Pandit Neki Ram Sharma: His Life and Work |date=1987 |publisher=Modern Book Company |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Juneja |first=M. M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NKwBAAAAMAAJ&q=pandit+neki+ram+sharma |title=Neki Ram Sharma and the Freedom Movement |date=1979 |publisher=Modern Book Company |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Mittal |first=Satish Chandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2RKTigrrP1cC&dq=pandit+neki+ram+sharma&pg=PA70 |title=Haryana, a Historical Perspective |date=1986 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distri |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Pandit Neki Ram Sharma was born on September 7, 1887, in Kelanga (now known as Kalinga) village in Rohtak district, Haryana, to Pandit Hariprasad Sharma. He pursued advanced studies in Sanskrit, spending time in Sitapur, Banaras, and Ayodhya in Uttar Pradesh. His exposure to the Indian independence movement began in 1905 at the annual session of the Indian National Congress in Banaras, where he met esteemed leaders like Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Lokmanya [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]], [[Lala Lajpat Rai]], Surendranath Banerjee, and Madan Mohan Malviya.<ref name="(Firm)1970" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Independence Day 2022: जानिए कौन थे नेकी राम, जिन्होंने आजीवन लड़ी अंग्रेजों के खिलाफ लड़ाई |url=https://www.india.com/hindi-news/india-hindi/independence-day-2022-know-about-freedom-fighters-neki-ram-who-introduced-haryana-to-mahatma-gandhi-5560379/ |access-date=2024-10-28 |website=www.india.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Journey into Freedom Struggle ==
In 1907, inspired by the revolutionary spirit of leaders like [[Bhagat Singh]], Lala Lajpat Rai, and Tilak, Pandit Neki Ram returned to his village, where he began his lifelong struggle against British rule. The sentencing of Tilak in 1908 particularly stirred him, leading him to vow to oppose British rule fervently. During this period, Pandit Neki Ram contemplated armed rebellion, even considering making bombs. However, a meeting with Congress leader Surendranath Banerjee in Calcutta redirected him towards a non-violent path.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

== Role in Key Independence Movements ==
Pandit Neki Ram was deeply involved in multiple independence movements, including:

* '''Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22):''' In response to Mahatma Gandhi’s call, he actively participated and was arrested for his involvement in 1921. He had first met Gandhi in 1915 and was inspired by his teachings on nonviolence and the campaign against untouchability.
* '''Home Rule Movement:''' He joined the movement and met Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru in 1918, forming a lasting friendship. In June 1918, he was arrested alongside Asaf Ali for his role in the movement.
* '''Anti-Rowlatt Act Movement (1919):''' Pandit Neki Ram opposed the oppressive Rowlatt Act and became a leader in the protests.
* '''Salt Satyagraha (1930-34), Individual Satyagraha (1940-41), and Quit India Movement (1942-44):''' He played a prominent role in these campaigns and spent a total of 2,200 days in prison due to his relentless opposition to British rule.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Defiance Against British Attempts to Suppress Him ==
Pandit Neki Ram’s popularity and influence in the Home Rule Movement led the British authorities to try to bribe him with an offer of 25 acres of land, which he rejected.

He famously retorted to the British District Collector,

This entire country is mine ; what land will you give me ?<ref name=":3" />

== The Ambala Divisional Political Conference ==
To support the Non-Cooperation Movement, Pandit Neki Ram organized the Ambala Divisional Political Conference on October 22, 1920, in Bhiwani. With an attendance of around 60,000 people, including 50,000 farmers, the event saw the participation of prominent leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, and Kasturba Gandhi.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

== Legacy ==
Pandit Neki Ram Sharma remains a revered figure in India’s freedom struggle history. His dedication to independence and justice, his defiance against British oppression, and his active involvement in India’s key movements have left an indelible mark on the nation’s path to freedom.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ram, Neki}}

[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Haryana]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Haryana]]
[[Category:1887 births]]
[[Category:1956 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Bhiwani]]

2023–24 Shillong Lajong FC season

2025-07-20T22:10:12Z

MarkKapoor: Put up the stub v1

{{Short description|2024–25 season of Shillong Lajong FC}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox football club season
| club = [[Shillong Lajong FC]]
| season = [[2024–25 in Indian football|2024–25]]
| manager = [[Jose Carlos Rodriguez Hevia]]
| owner = Shillong Lajong Pvt. Ltd.
| stadium = [[SSA Stadium, Shillong|SSA Stadium]]
| league = [[2024–25 I-League|I-League]]
| league result = 5th
| cup1 = [[2024 Durand Cup|Durand Cup]]
| cup1 result = Semifinals
| cup2 = [[2024 Indian Super Cup|Super Cup]]
| cup2 result = Group stage
| league topscorer = [[Douglas Tardin]] (11)
| season topscorer = Figo Syndai [[Daniel Goncalves]] (4 each)
| highest attendance = 7,816 (v. [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]], 6 April 2024)
| lowest attendance = 4,891 (v. [[Namdhari FC|Namdhari]], 23 December 2023)
| average attendance = 6,316
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| pattern_sh1 =_white stripes
| pattern_so1 =_2 white stripes
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| nextseason =
}}

The '''2024–25 season''' was [[Shillong Lajong FC|Shillong Lajong]]'s 41st season in existence and their tenth season in the [[I-League]], and first since [[2018–19 I-League|2018–19]]. In addition to the league, they also competed in the [[Super Cup (India)|Super Cup]] and [[Durand Cup]] tournaments.<ref>{{cite news |title=Shillong Lajong return to Hero I-League after four years |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/shillong-lajong-return-to-hero-i-league-after-four-years |location=New Delhi |access-date=22 May 2023 |website=the-aiff.com|publisher=[[All India Football Federation]]|date=21 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522180522/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/shillong-lajong-return-to-hero-i-league-after-four-years |archive-date=22 May 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Shillong Lajong Promoted to I-League After Four Years With 2–1 Win Over Bengaluru United |url=https://www.news18.com/football/shillong-lajong-promoted-to-i-league-after-four-years-with-2-1-win-over-bengaluru-united-7880203.html |agency=Press Trust of India |access-date=22 May 2023 |website=news18.com|publisher=News18 Sports |date=21 May 2022 |location=New Delhi |first=Vivek |last=Ganapathy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522180246/https://www.news18.com/football/shillong-lajong-promoted-to-i-league-after-four-years-with-2-1-win-over-bengaluru-united-7880203.html |archive-date=22 May 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-22 |title=Shillong Lajong Promoted to I-League After Four Years With 2-1 Win Over Bengaluru United |url=https://www.news18.com/football/shillong-lajong-promoted-to-i-league-after-four-years-with-2-1-win-over-bengaluru-united-7880203.html |access-date=2023-06-20 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Shillong Lajong secure promotion to I-League 2023-24 |url=https://khelnow.com/football/2023-05-i-league-shillong-lajong-promoted |access-date=2023-06-20 |website=Khel Now |language=English}}</ref>

==Current technical staff==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!style="background:#7D2838; color:white;" |Position
!style="background:#7D2838; color:white;" |Name
|-
| Head Coach
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Jose Carlos Rodriguez Hevia]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Bobby L Nongbet looks forward to Lajong comeback in 2023|url=https://thesportsroom.in/2022/09/16/bobby-l-nongbet-looks-forward-to-lajong-comeback-in-2023/|date=16 September 2022|location=Shillong|website=thesportsroom.in|publisher=The Sports Room|access-date=1 August 2023|archive-date=26 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926124610/https://thesportsroom.in/2022/09/16/bobby-l-nongbet-looks-forward-to-lajong-comeback-in-2023/}}</ref>
|-
| Assistant Coach
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Birendra Thapa]]
|-
| Fitness and conditioning Coach
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[George Vannie Lyngdoh Nongrang]]
|-
|Technical Director
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Habamutlang Lyngdoh]]
|-
| Goalkeeping Coach
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Soraisham Premjit Meitei]]
|-
| Physiotherapist
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Duyu Radhe]]
|-
|}

== Players ==
=== First-team squad ===
{{updated| 30 January 2025}}
{{fs start}}

{{Fs player|no=22|nat=IND|pos=GK|name=Nikhil Deka|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=1|nat=IND|pos=GK|name=Ranit Sarkar}}
{{Fs player|no=3|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Aman Ahlawat|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=4|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Ronney Willson Kharbudon|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=15|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Saveme Tariang}}
{{Fs player|no=6|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=[[Kynsailang Khongsit]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=20|nat=BRA|pos=DF|name= Daniel Gonçalves|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=26|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=[[Kenstar Kharshong]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=17|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Kitboklang Khriem|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=8|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Damaitphang Lyngdoh]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=11|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Hardy Cliff Nongbri]]}}
{{Fs player|no=12|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Everbrightson Sana Mylliempdah}}
{{Fs player|no=5|nat=BRA|pos=MF|name= [[Renan Paulino De Souza]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=45|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Batskhemlang Thangkhiew|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=18|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Gladdy Nelcen Kharbuli|other=}}
{{fs mid}}
{{Fs player|no=21|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Wadajied Kynsai Ryngkhlem}}
{{Fs player|no=25|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Maxderidoff Wahlang}}
{{Fs player|no=27|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Tremiki Lamurong}}
{{Fs player|no=16|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=Phrangki Buam}}
{{Fs player|no=7|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=Figo Syndai|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=9|nat=BRA|pos=FW|name=[[Douglas Rosa Tardin]]}}
{{Fs player|no=77|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=[[Sheen Stevenson Sohktung]]}}
{{Fs player|no=10|nat=BRA|pos=FW|name=Marcos Rudwere Genar E Silva|other=}}
{{fs end}}

=== Reserve squad ===
{{fs start}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Samchaphrang Lato|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Damonlang Pathaw}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=Loanis Suchen}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=Chanmitre Thma}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Babysunday Marngar}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Pynche Tyngkan}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Ronald Kharkongor}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=GK|name=Pranav S}}
{{Fs player|no=33|nat=IND|pos=GK|name=Wanteilang Malngiang}}
{{Fs player|no=50|nat=IND|pos=GK|name=Rajat Paul Lyngdoh}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=Istarbor Marngar}}
{{Fs player|no=3|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Abhay Chetri}}
{{fs end}}

==Transfers ==
'''Players transferred in'''
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; "
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:120px;"| Date
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:50px;"| {{tooltip|Pos.|Playing position}}
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:220px;"| Player
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:220px;"| Club
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:120px;"| Fee
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:40px;"| Ref.
|-
|15 July 2023
|MF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Batskhemlang Thangkhiew]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Rangdajied United FC]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
|15 July 2023
|MF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Neithovilie Chalieu]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} Mawlai SC
|Free transfer
|
|-
|15 July 2023
|MF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Ronnie Wilson Kharbudon]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} Academy
|Free transfer
|
|-
|15 July 2023
|DF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Kenstar Kharshong]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} Mawlai SC
|Free transfer
|
|-
|15 July 2023
|MF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Kynsaibor Lhuid]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} Academy
|Free transfer
|
|-
|25 July 2023
|MF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Ronaldkydon Lyngdoh Nonglait]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} Academy
|Free transfer
|
|-
|25 July 2023
|MF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Kynsailang Khongsit]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Mumbai Kenkre FC|Mumbai Kenkre]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
|25 July 2023
|MF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Laiwang Bohham]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Gokulam Kerala FC (Reserves)|Gokulam Kerala B]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
|25 July 2023
|FW
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Istarbor Marngar]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} Academy
|Free transfer
|
|-
|31 July 2023
|FW
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Phrangki Buam]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Real Kashmir FC|Real Kashmir]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
|2 September 2023
|DF
|{{flagicon|BRA}} Daniel Gonçalves
|
|Free transfer
|
|-
|6 September 2023
|FW
|{{flagicon|SEN}} Abdou Karim Samb
|{{flagicon|MAR}} [[Ittihad Khemisset]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
|7 September 2023
|MF
|{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Renan Paulino]]
|{{flagicon|LIT}} [[FK Banga Gargždai|Banga]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
|8 September 2023
|MF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Damaitphang Lyngdoh]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Bengaluru FC]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
|22 September 2023
|DF
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Kongbrailatpam Manjit Sharma]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[FC Bengaluru United|Bengaluru United]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
|25 September 2023
|FW
|{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Takuto Miki]]
|{{flagicon|MNG}} [[FC Ulaanbaatar]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
| 28 October 2023
| GK
| {{flagicon|IND}} Bishal Lama
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Gokulam Kerala FC|Gokulam Kerala]]
|Free transfer
|
|-
| 3 January 2024
| style="text-align:center;"| FW
| {{flagicon|IND}} Denzil Kharshandi
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
| Free transfer
|
|-
| 4 January 2024
| style="text-align:center;"| FW
| {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Douglas Tardin]]
| {{flagicon|THA}} [[Suphanburi F.C.|Suphanburi]]
| Free transfer
|
|-
| 18 January 2024
| style="text-align:center;"| MF
| {{flagicon|NEP}} [[Arik Bista]]
| {{flagicon|NEP}} [[Butwal Lumbini F.C.|Butwal Lumbini]]
| Free transfer
|
|-
| 30 January 2024
| style="text-align:center;"| FW
| {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Marcos Rudwere]]
| {{flagicon|SLO}} [[FC Slovan Hlohovec|Slovan Hlohovec]]
| Free transfer
|
|-
|}

'''Players transferred out'''
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; "
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:120px;"| Date
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:50px;"| {{tooltip|Pos.|Playing position}}
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:50px;"| No
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:180px;"| Player
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:220px;"| Club
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:120px;"| Fee
!style="background:#FF0018; color:#FFFFFF; width:40px;"| Ref.
|-
| 13 July 2023
| style="text-align:center;"| GK
| style="text-align:center;"| 40
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|IND}} Bishal Lama
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Gokulam Kerala FC|Gokulam Kerala]]
| Free Agent
|
|-
| 1 August 2023
| style="text-align:center;"| GK
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|IND}} Guidle Syiemlieh
| style="text-align:left;"|
| Free Agent
|
|-
| 1 August 2023
| style="text-align:center;"| DF
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|IND}} Aman Ahlawat
| style="text-align:left;"|
| Free Agent
|
|-
| 1 August 2023
| style="text-align:center;"| DF
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|IND}} Sambor Kharshnoh
| style="text-align:left;"|
| Free Agent
|
|-
| 1 August 2023
| style="text-align:center;"| FW
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|IND}} Amon Lepcha
| style="text-align:left;"|
| Free Agent
|
|-
| 1 December 2023
| style="text-align:center;"| FW
| style="text-align:center;"| 9
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|JPN}} Takuto Miki
| style="text-align:left;"|
| Free Agent
|<ref>https://khelnow.com/football/2023-12-indian-footbal-i-league-takuto-miki-shillong-lajong-parts-ways</ref>
|-
| 25 January 2024
| style="text-align:center;"| FW
| style="text-align:center;"| 19
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|SEN}} Abdou Karim Samb
| style="text-align:left;"|
| Free Agent
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-19 |title=Announcement: The Club has mutually parted ways with Karim Samb and Manjit Sharma. |url=https://twitter.com/lajongfc/status/1750525790125772999?t=e-dwdXegBGgOEqIK9S_GgA&s=19 |website=[@lajongfc on Twitter] |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|}

==Pre-season==

{{Empty section|date=July 2023}}

==Competitions==

===Overview===
{{Fb overview2
|c=1
|c1=[[2023-24 I-League|I-League]] |fm1= 3 November 2023 |lm1=13 April 2024 |sr1=Match day 1 |fp1= 8th |w1=8|l1=9|d1=7|f1=36 |a1=37
|c2=[[Super Cup (India)|Super Cup]]|fm2=10 January 2024|lm2=20 January 2024 |sr2=Group stage |fp2=Group stage|w2=0|l2=3|d2=0|f2=2|a2=7
|c3=[[Durand Cup]]|fm3=4 August 2023|lm3=13 August 2023 |sr3=Group stage |fp3=Group stage |w3=1|l3=2|d3=0|f3=2|a3=11
|u=
}}

===I-League===
{{Main|2024–25 I-League}}

==== League table ====
{{:2024–25 I-League|showteam=SHL}}

==== Matches ====
'''Note''': I-League announced the fixtures for the 2023–24 season on 6 October 2023.<ref>https://i-league.org/aiff-announces-fixtures-for-i-league-iwl/feed/</ref>

{{football box collapsible
| round = 1
| date = {{Start date|2023|11|03|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
| score = 1–1
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21859 Report]
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 = *[[David Lalhlansanga]] {{goal|53}}
| goals2 = *[[Takuto Miki]] {{goal|45+1}}
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| stadium = [[Bankimanjali Stadium|Naihati Stadium]]
| attendance = 3,786
| result = D
| motm = Daniel Gonçalves(Shillong Lajong)
| referee = Anand Rana
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 2
| date = {{Start date|2023|11|09|df=y}}
| time = 14:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 1–1
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21868 Report]
| team2 = [[NEROCA FC|NEROCA]]
| goals1 = *Daniel Gonçalves {{goal|34}}
| goals2 = *[[Fabian Reid]] {{goal|79}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 5,585
| result =D
| motm = [[Renan Paulino]] (Shillong)
| referee = Lakshay
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 3
| date = {{Start date|2023|11|14|df=y}}
| time = 14:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 2–2
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21873 Report]
| team2 = [[Sreenidi Deccan FC|Sreenidi Deccan]]
| goals1 = * Ronnie Kharbudon {{goal|28}}
* Takuto Miki {{goal|34}}
| goals2 = * [[Rosenberg Gabriel]] {{goal|7||63}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 5,248
| result = D
| motm = [[Rosenberg Gabriel]]
| referee = Jehrul Islam
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 4
| date = {{Start date|2023|11|19|df=y}}
| time = 14:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 3–1
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21880 Report]
| team2 =[[Gokulam Kerala]]
| goals1 = *Daniel Gonçalves {{goal|29}}
*[[Renan Paulino]] {{goal|75|pen.}}
*[[Hardy Nongbri]] {{goal|90+7}}
| goals2 = *[[Nili (footballer)|Nili Perdomo]] {{goal|43}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 5,987
| result = W
| motm = [[Hardy Nongbri]] (Shillong Lajong)
| referee = Surojit Das
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 5
| date = {{Start date|2023|11|22|df=y}}
| time = 16.30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 2–1
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21883 Report]
| team2 = [[Delhi FC|Delhi]]
| goals1 = *Abdou Karim {{goal|24}}
*[[Phrangki Buam]] {{goal|82}}
| goals2 = *[[Gaurav Rawat]] {{goal|60}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 6,425
| result = W
| motm = [[Phrangki Buam]] (Shillong)
| referee = Williams Joy Koshy
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 6
| date = {{Start date|2023|11|25|df=y}}
| time = 16.30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 2–1
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21887 Report]
| team2 = [[TRAU FC|TRAU]]
| goals1 = *[[Hardy Nongbri]] {{goal|18|pen.}}
*Thounaojam Thomas {{goal|86|o.g.}}
| goals2 = *Soraisam Robinson Singh {{goal|13}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 6,718
| result = W
| motm = [[Hardy Nongbri]] (Shillong)
| referee = Ashish Tiwari
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 7
| date = {{Start date|2023|12|03|df=y}}
| time = 16.30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Rajasthan United FC|Rajasthan United]]
| score = 1–1
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21897 Report]
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 = * Richardson Denzell {{goal|10}}
| goals2 = *Daniel Gonçalves {{goal|90+5}}
| location = [[Hyderabad]]
| stadium = [[Deccan Arena]]
| attendance =
| result = D
| motm = Ibrahim Morro (Rajasthan)
| referee =
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 8
| date = {{Start date|2023|12|06|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 2–0
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21901 Report]
| team2 = [[Churchill Brothers FC Goa|Churchill Brothers]]
| goals1 = *Laiwang Bohham {{goal|45+1}}
*[[Renan Paulino]] {{goal|51|pen.}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 6,115
| result = W
| motm =
| referee = Anand Rana
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 9
| date = {{Start date|2023|12|10|df=y}}
| time = 14:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 0–3
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21906 Report]
| team2 = [[Aizawl FC|Aizawl]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = * Lalrinzuala Lalbiaknia {{goal|5}}
* [[R Ramdinthara|Tharpuia]] {{goal|17}}
* [[Joe Zoherliana]] {{goal|57}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 7,438
| result = L
| motm =
| referee = Ashish Tiwari
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 10
| date = {{Start date|2023|12|16|df=y}}
| time = 14:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Real Kashmir FC|Real Kashmir]]
| score = 3–1
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=21913 Report]
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 = *Kamal Isaah{{goal|5}}
*[[Gnohere Krizo]] {{goal|55}}
*[[Mohammad Inam]] {{goal|69}}
| goals2 = *Abdou Karim Samb {{goal|16}}
| location = [[Srinagar]]
| stadium = [[TRC Turf Ground]]
| attendance =
| result = L
| motm = Mohammad Inam (Real Kashmir)
| referee =
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 11
| date = {{Start date|2023|12|23|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 3–0
| report =
| team2 = [[Namdhari FC|Namdhari]]
| goals1 =*Abdou Karim Samb {{goal|27}}
*[[Renan Paulino]] {{goal|54}}
*[[Kenstar Kharshong]] {{goal|90+8}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 4,891
| result = W
| motm =
| referee = Joyshing Monsang Thumli
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 12
| date = {{Start date|2024|02|04|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 0–1
| report =
| team2 = [[Inter Kashi]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = [[Gianni dos Santos]] {{goal|23}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 5,812
| result =L
| motm =
| referee = Jehrul Islam
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 13
| date = {{Start date|2024|02|09|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 =[[Gokulam Kerala]]
| score = 2–0
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=26844 Report]
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 = *[[Sourav K]] {{goal|45+4}}
*[[Matija Babović]] {{goal|72}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Kozhikode]]
| stadium = [[Kozhikode Corporation EMS Stadium|EMS Stadium]]
| attendance = 2,500
| result = L
| motm = [[Sourav K]] (Gokulam Kerala)
| referee = Williams Joy Koshiy
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 14
| date = {{Start date|2024|02|18|df=y}}
| time = 16.30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[NEROCA FC|NEROCA]]
| score = 0–2
| report =
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 =
| goals2 = [[Kynsaibor Lhuid]] {{goal|52||62}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance =
| result = W
| motm = [[Kynsaibor Lhuid]] (Shillong Lajong)
| referee =
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 15
| date = {{Start date|2024|02|25|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[TRAU FC|TRAU]]
| score = 1–2
| report = https://i-league.org/shillong-lajong-defeat-trau-climb-to-fifth-on-i-league-table
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 = Issahak Nuhu Seidu {{goal|47}}
| goals2 =
* Allen Lyngdoh {{goal|59}}
* Marcos Silva {{goal|72}}
| location = [[Imphal]]
| stadium = [[Khuman Lampak Main Stadium]]
| attendance = 259
| result = W
| motm = Manash Gogoi (TRAU)
| referee = Suresh Devaraj
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 16
| date = {{Start date|2024|02|28|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 4–4
| report = https://i-league.org/rajasthan-united-strike-twice-in-injury-time-to-get-a-point-from-shillong-lajong
| team2 = [[Rajasthan United FC|Rajasthan United]]
| goals1 =
* Kynsaibor Lhuid {{goal|24}}
* [[Douglas Tardin]] {{goal|45+3|pen.}}
* Daniel Goncalves {{goal|80}}
* [[Phrangki Buam]] {{goal|85}}
| goals2 =
* Naoba Meitei {{goal|12}}
* Ragav Gupta {{goal|51}}
* Richardson Denzell {{goal|90+3}}
* Lalchungnunga Chhangte {{goal|90+5}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 6,617
| result = D
| motm = Daniel Goncalves (Shillong Lajong)
| referee = Surojit Das
}}
{{football box collapsible
| round = 17
| date = {{Start date|2024|03|04|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Churchill Brothers FC Goa|Churchill Brothers]]
| score = 2–1
| report =
| team2 =Shillong Lajong
| goals1 = *[[Stendly Fernandes]] {{goal|15}}
*[[Martín Cháves]] {{goal|80}}
| goals2 = *[[Phrangki Buam]] {{goal|42}}
| location = [[Vasco da Gama, Goa|Vasco]]
| stadium = [[Tilak Maidan]]
| attendance =
| result =L
| motm =
| referee =
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 18
| date = {{Start date|2024|03|09|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Aizawl FC|Aizawl]]
| score = 1–2
| report = https://thesportsroom.in/2024/03/10/i-league-damaitphangs-late-strike-nets-3-points-for-shillong-lajong
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 = * Lalrinzuala Lalbiaknia {{goal|81|pen.}}
| goals2 = * [[Phrangki Buam]] {{goal|27}}
* [[Damaitphang Lyngdoh]] {{goal|90+4}}
| location = [[Aizawl]]
| stadium = [[Rajiv Gandhi Stadium (Aizawl)|Rajiv Gandhi Stadium]]
| attendance = 2,056
| result = W
| motm = [[Phrangki Buam]] (Shillong Lajong)
| referee = Surojit Das
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 19
| date = {{Start date|2024|03|13|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 1–1
| report = https://i-league.org/shillong-lajong-leave-real-kashmir-frustrated-with-a-last-minute-equaliser
| team2 = [[Real Kashmir FC|Real Kashmir]]
| goals1 = [[Renan Paulino]] {{goal|90+7}}
| goals2 = Adnan Ayub {{goal|11}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 7,151
| result = D
| motm = Adnan Ayub (Real Kashmir)
| referee = Akashkumar Mehta
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 20
| date = {{Start date|2024|03|16|df=y}}
| time = 14:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Namdhari FC|Namdhari]]
| score = 1-1
| report =
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| location = [[Bhaini Ala]]
| stadium = Namdhari Stadium
| attendance =
| result = D
| motm =
| referee =
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 21
| date = {{Start date|2024|03|22|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Inter Kashi]]
| score = 2–1
|report = https://i-league.org/inter-kashi-continue-to-rise-in-the-i-league-table
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
|goals1 =
* [[Mario Barco|Barco]] {{goal|32}}
* Tejas Krishna {{goal|45}}
|goals2 = [[Renan Paulino|Paulino]] {{goal|55|pen.}}
|stadium = [[Kalyani Stadium]]
|location = [[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani]]
|attendance = 232
|motm = [[Arindam Bhattacharya (footballer)|Arindam Bhattacharya]] (Inter Kashi)
|referee = Pratik Mondal
|result = L
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 22
| date = {{Start date|2024|03|28|df=y}}
| time = 15:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Delhi FC|Delhi]]
| score = 3–1
| report = https://i-league.org/barboza-hat-trick-takes-delhi-fc-past-shillong-lajong
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 = [[Sérgio Barboza|Barboza]] {{goal|65|pen.|75||90+3}}
| goals2 = [[Allen Lyngdoh|Lyngdoh]] {{goal|90+5}}
| location = [[Bhaini Ala]]
| stadium = Namdhari Stadium
| attendance = 200
| result = L
| motm = [[Sérgio Barboza]] (Delhi)
| referee = Mrutyunjay Amatya
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 23
| date = {{Start date|2024|04|06|df=y}}
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Shillong Lajong
| score = 1–2
| report = https://i-league.org/mohammedan-sporting-win-maiden-i-league-title
| team2 = [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
| goals1 = [[Douglas Tardin|Tardin]] {{goal|15|pen.}}
| goals2 =
* [[Alexis Gómez (footballer)|Gómez]] {{goal|1}}
* [[Yevgeni Kozlov|Kozlov]] {{goal|63}}
| location = [[Shillong]]
| stadium = SSA Stadium
| attendance = 7,816
| result = L
| motm = [[Padam Chettri]] (Mohammedan)
| referee = Senthil Nathan S.
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 24
| date = {{Start date|2024|04|13|df=y}}
| time = 18:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Sreenidi Deccan FC|Sreenidi Deccan]]
| score = 3–2
| report = https://i-league.org/runners-up-sreenidi-deccan-fc-earn-full-points-against-shillong-lajong-fc
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 =
* [[William Alves (footballer, born 1991)|Alves]] {{goal|4}}
* [[Rosenberg Gabriel|Gabriel]] {{goal|16}}
* [[David Castañeda (footballer)|Castañeda]] {{goal|84|pen.}}
| goals2 = [[Phrangki Buam|Buam]] {{goal|46||87}}
| location = [[Hyderabad]]
| stadium = [[Deccan Arena]]
| attendance = 190
| result = L
| motm = [[Mayakkannan]] (Sreenidi Deccan)
| referee = Williams Joy Koshy
}}

===Durand Cup===
{{Main|2023 Durand Cup}}

=== Group D ===
{{:2023 Durand Cup group stage|transcludesection=Group D|showteam=SHI}}

==== Matches ====
{{football box collapsible
| round = 1
| date = {{start date|2023|08|04|df=y}}
| time = 18.00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[NorthEast United FC|NorthEast United]]
| score = 4–0
| report = https://web.archive.org/web/20230804155315/http://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/19692_Match_Summary_V1_1691160255.pdf
| team2 = [[Shillong Lajong FC|Shillong Lajong]]
| goals1 =
*[[Parthib Sundar Gogoi|Gogoi]] {{goal|26||65||70}}
*[[Romain Philippoteaux|Philippoteaux]] {{goal|35|pen.}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium]]
| location = [[Guwahati]]
| attendance = 13,450
| motm = [[Parthib Sundar Gogoi|Parthib Gogoi]] (NorthEast United)
| referee = Senthil Nathan S
| result =L
}}
{{football box collapsible
| round = 2
| date = {{start date|2023|08|08|df=y}}
| time = 15.00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[FC Goa|Goa]]
| score = 6–0
| report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=19699
| team2 = [[Shillong Lajong FC|Shillong Lajong]]
| goals1 =
*[[Rowllin Borges|Borges]] {{goal|15}}
*[[Noah Sadaoui|Sadaoui]] {{goal|20||27||86}}
*[[Víctor Rodríguez (Spanish footballer)|Rodríguez]] {{goal|68}}
*[[Carlos Martínez (footballer, born June 1986)|Martínez]] {{goal|83}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium]]
| location = [[Guwahati]]
| attendance =
| motm = [[Noah Sadaoui]] (Goa)
| referee =
| result =L
}}
{{football box collapsible
| round = 3
| date = {{start date|2023|08|13|df=y}}
| time = 16.45 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Downtown Heroes FC|Downtown Heroes]]
| score = 1–2
| report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=19710
| team2 = Shillong Lajong
| goals1 =
*R. Kharbudon {{goal|24|o.g.}}
| goals2 =
*N. Haokip {{sent off|0|10}}
*R. Kharbudon {{goal|36||52}}
| stadium = [[SAI Stadium (Kokrajhar)|SAI Stadium]]
| location = [[Kokrajhar]]
| attendance =
| motm = Ronney Kharbudon (Shillong Lajong)
| referee =
| result =W
}}

===Super Cup===
{{Main|2024 Indian Super Cup}}

===Group B===
{{:2024 Indian Super Cup group stage|transcludesection=Group B}}

==== Matches ====

'''Note''': The group stage fixtures to the tournament were announced on 20 December 2023 by the AIFF.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Fixtures unveiled for Kalinga Super Cup 2024 |url=https://khelnow.com/football/2023-12-indian-football-kalinga-super-cup-2024-fixtures |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=Khel Now |language=English}}</ref>

{{football box collapsible
| round = 1
| date = {{Start date|2024|01|10|df=y}}
| time = 14:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]]
| score = 3-1
| report =
| team2 = [[Shillong Lajong FC|Shillong Lajong]]
| goals1 =* [[Kwame Peprah|Peprah]] {{goal|15||27}}
* [[Mohammed Aimen|Aimen]] {{goal|46}}
| goals2 = * [[Renan Paulino|Paulino]] {{goal|30|pen.}}
|location=[[Bhubaneswar]]
|stadium=[[Kalinga Stadium|Kalinga Stadium Pitch 1]]
| attendance =
| motm = [[Kwame Peprah|Peprah]]
| referee =
| result = L
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 2
| date = {{Start date|2024|01|15|df=y}}
| time = 14:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[NorthEast United FC|NorthEast United]]
| score = 2–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/26077
| team2 = [[Shillong Lajong FC|Shillong Lajong]]
| goals1 =
* [[Néstor Albiach|Néstor]] {{goal|59||67|pen.}}
| goals2 =
* [[Douglas Tardin|Tardin]] {{goal|17}}
| location=[[Bhubaneswar]]
| stadium=[[Kalinga Stadium|Kalinga Stadium Pitch 1]]
| attendance =
| motm = [[Néstor Albiach]] (NorthEast United)
| referee =
| result = L
}}

{{football box collapsible
| round = 3
| date = {{Start date|2024|01|20|df=y}}
| time = 14:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Jamshedpur FC|Jamshedpur]]
| score = 2–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/26084
| team2 = [[Shillong Lajong FC|Shillong Lajong]]
| goals1 =
* Sanan {{goal|45+1}}
* [[Thongkhosiem Haokip|Haokip]] {{goal|73}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Bhubaneswar]]
| stadium = [[Kalinga Stadium|Kalinga Stadium Pitch 1]]
| attendance =
| motm = Sanan Mohammed K (Jamshedpur)
| referee =
| result = L
}}

==Squad statistics ==
===Goal Scorers===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!style="background:#d50000; color:white; text-align:center;"|Rank
!style="background:#d50000; color:white; text-align:center;"|No.
!style="background:#d50000; color:white; text-align:center;"|Pos.
!style="background:#d50000; color:white; text-align:center;"|Nat.
!style="background:#d50000; color:white; text-align:center;"|Name
!style="background:#d50000; color:white; text-align:center;"|I League
!style="background:#d50000; color:white; text-align:center;"|Super Cup
!style="background:#d50000; color:white; text-align:center;"|Durand Cup
!style="background:#d50000; color:white; text-align:center;"|Total
|-
| rowspan="1"| 1
| 95
| MF
| {{flagicon|BRA}}
| [[Renan Paulino]]
| |3||1||0||'''4'''
|-
| rowspan="3"| 2
| 3
| MF
| {{flagicon|IND}}
| Ronnie Kharbudon
| |1||0||2||'''3'''
|-
| 19
| MF
| {{flagicon|SEN}}
| Abdou Karim Samb
| |3||0||0||'''3'''
|-
| 20
| DF
| {{flagicon|BRA}}
| Daniel Gonçalves
| |3||0||0||'''3'''
|-
| rowspan="2"| 5
| 9
| FW
| {{flagicon|JPN}}
| [[Takuto Miki]]
| |2||0||0||'''2'''
|-
| 11
| FW
| {{flagicon|IND}}
| [[Hardy Nongbri]]
| |2||0||0||'''2'''
|-
| rowspan="4"| 7
| 13
| MF
| {{flagicon|IND}}
| [[Laiwang Bohham]]
| |1||0||0||'''1'''
|-
| 16
| FW
| {{flagicon|IND}}
| [[Phrangki Buam]]
| |1||0||0||'''1'''
|-
| 26
| DF
| {{flagicon|IND}}
| [[Kenstar Kharshong]]
| |1||0||0||'''1'''
|-
| 90
| FW
| {{flagicon|BRA}}
| [[Douglas Tardin]]
| |0||1||0||'''1'''
|-
|- class="sortbottom"
|colspan="5"| Own Goals ||1||0||0||'''1'''
|- class="sortbottom"
|colspan="5"| '''Total'''||'''18'''||'''2'''||'''2'''||'''22'''
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{2023–24 in Indian football}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2023-24 Shillong Lajong season}}
[[Category:2023 in Indian sport]]
[[Category:2024 in Indian sport]]
[[Category:2023–24 I-League by team|Shillong]]
[[Category:Football in Meghalaya]]

Bhairavlal Kala Badal

2025-07-02T13:21:23Z

MarkKapoor: Put up the data added tags

{{Short description|Indian tribal freedom fighter, poet and folk hero}}
{{more citations needed|date=April 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Kala Badal
| image =
| caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| birth_name = Bhairav Lal Meena
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1918|09|04}}
| birth_place = Tumda, [[Baran district]], [[Rajasthan]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1997|4|20|1918|9|4}}
| death_place =
| nationality =
| father = Kaluram Meena
| mother = Dhanni Bai Meena
| occupation = Poet
| movement = [[Indian independence movement]]
| party = {{flagicon image|}} [[Janata Party]]
| otherparty = [[Indian National Congress]]
|module={{infobox officeholder|embed=yes
| office2 = Member of the [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start5 = 1952
| term_end5 = 1957
| constituency5 = [[Khanpur (Rajasthan Assembly constituency)|Khanpur]]
| term_start4 = 1957
| term_end4 = 1967
| constituency4 = Aklera
| term_start2 = 1977
| term_end2 = 1980
| constituency2 = [[Khanpur (Rajasthan Assembly constituency)|Khanpur]]
| office1 = Minister of State for Ayurved, [[Government of Rajasthan]]
| term_start1 = 1978
| term_end1 = 1980
| successor =
| predecessor = }}}}

'''Bhairav Lal Meena''', popularly known as '''Kala Badal''', was an Indian [[Adivasi|tribal]] freedom fighter, poet,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sharma |first1=Anukrati |last2=Hassan |first2=Azizul |year=2019 |chapter=Literary tourism in the Indian sub-continent |editor-last1=Jenkins |editor-first1=Ian S. |editor-last2=Lund |editor-first2=Katrín Anna |title=Literary tourism: theories, practice and case studies |pages=133–139 |publisher=CABI |doi=10.1079/9781786394590.0133|isbn=9781786394590 |s2cid=199960836 }}</ref> politician<ref>{{cite book|year=1987|title=Social Change in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V9ciAAAAMAAJ&q=minister+kala+badal|publisher=Universal Book Depot|page=49}}</ref> and folk hero who belonged to the [[Meena]] tribe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/rajasthan/jaipur-bhairav-lal-kala-badal-used-to-enthuse-the-revolutionaries-with-songs-jagran-special-22369717.html|title=जानें कौन थे हिंदी के महान क्रांतिकारी कवि 'काला बादल', जिनके नाम से कांप जाते थे अंग्रेज|website=Dainik Jagran}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patrika.com/kota-news/bhairav-lal-kala-badal-awakening-freedom-with-songs-of-consciousness-1-1777277/|title=आजादी की स्वर्णिम पोथी के अनूठे जिल्दसाज: काला बादल | Bhairav Lal Kala badal Awakening freedom With songs of consciousness|date=September 4, 2017|website=Patrika News}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=काला बादल की जयंती 4 को, होगा पुस्तक विमोचन व प्रतिभा सम्मान |url=https://www.patrika.com/kota-news/kala-badal-birth-anniversary-on-4th-of-september-1-1770651/}}</ref> He has been a member of the [[1952 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1st]], [[1957 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2nd]], [[1962 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|3rd]], [[1972 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|5th]] and [[1977 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|6th]] [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]] and the Minister of State for Ayurveda in the [[Government of Rajasthan]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Basic Statistics, Rajasthan | year=1966 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2gcvAAAAMAAJ |page=24}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Riyāsatī Rājapūtānā se janatāntrika Rājasthāna: katipaya aitihāsika dastāveja | year=2002 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HRRuAAAAMAAJ |page=286}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|year=1979|title=The Journal of Parliamentary Information|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B3a2AAAAIAAJ&q=minister+bhairav+lal|publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat|page=65|quote=Shri Bhairav Lal Kalabadal: Ayurveda (independent charge), Local-Self Government and Town Planning.}}</ref>

==Early life==
Kala Badal was born in Tumra village of [[Baran district]]. He was born in the [[Meena]] tribe to Kaluram Meena<ref>{{cite book|title=Rajasthan Gazette|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kWMw99e0TbEC|page=9|quote=Bhairavlal Kala Badal S/O Shri Kalu Ram mem- ber Zila Parishad to have been elected as UP-PRAMUKH of the Zila Parishad Jhalawar.}}</ref> and Dhanni Bai Meena. He has studied till [[middle school]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/rajasthan/jaipur-bhairav-lal-kala-badal-used-to-enthuse-the-revolutionaries-with-songs-jagran-special-22369717.html|title=जानें कौन थे हिंदी के महान क्रांतिकारी कवि 'काला बादल', जिनके नाम से कांप जाते थे अंग्रेज|website=Dainik Jagran}}</ref>

==Political career==
Kala Badal started his political career by becoming a Zila Parishad member and in the same year he became the Deputy Chief of Jhalawar Zila Parishad.<ref>{{cite book|year=1960|title=Rajasthan Gazette|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kWMw99e0TbEC|page=9|quote=Bhairavlal Kala Badal S/O Shri Kalu Ram mem- ber Zila Parishad to have been elected as UP-PRAMUKH of the Zila Parishad Jhalawar.}}</ref> He got the post of Ayurveda (Independent Charge), Local Self Government and Town Planning in the government of [[Bhairon Singh Shekhawat]].<ref>{{cite book|year=1979|title=The Journal of Parliamentary Information|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B3a2AAAAIAAJ&q=minister+bhairav+lal|publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat|page=65|quote=Shri Bhairav Lal Kalabadal: Ayurveda (independent charge), Local-Self Government and Town Planning.}}</ref>

==Positions held==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Position

|-
| 1951–57 || Member, First Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Khanpur
|-
| 1957–62 || Member, Second Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Aklera
|-
| 1962-67 || Member, Third Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Aklera
|-
| 1972-77 || Member, Fifth Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Aklera
|-
| 1977-80 || Member, Sixth Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Khanpur
|-
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*[https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/district-reopsitory-detail.htm?165 Bhairavlal 'Kala Badal'], article at Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, an initiative of the Government of India
*[https://cmsadmin.amritmahotsav.nic.in/district-reopsitory-detail.htm?21525 Bhairulal Kala Badal]
*[https://rajasthanlink.com/VanuDetails/jhalawar/assembly-1/56948/bhairav-lal-kalabadal-mla Bhairav Lal Kalabadal (MLA)]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kala Badal, Bhairavlal}}
[[Category:1918 births]]
[[Category:1997 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Janata Party politicians]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1952–1957]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1957–1962]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1962–1967]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1972–1977]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1977–1980]]
[[Category:People from Baran district]]

Architectural education in India

2025-06-12T23:23:37Z

MarkKapoor: Put up the details first draft

<noinclude>'''Architectural education in India''' includes educational activities involved in the education and training of architects in the country. A typical outline of the architectural education pathway is presented below.
== Overview ==
The architectural education in India includes educational activities involved in the education and training of [[Architect|architects]] in India. It is regulated by the [[Council of Architecture]].<ref name=":2" />

=== Pathway ===
[[File:Pathway of Architectural Education (India).jpg|thumb|447x447px|Outline of architectural education in India]]
The following provides typical outline of architectural education in India:
* '''[[Diploma (India)|Diploma in Architecture or Architectural Assistantship]]''' is a 3-year long [[Diploma (India)|diploma]] ([[International Standard Classification of Education|ISCED]] level 4) programme. Candidates are required to have completed the second year of Upper Secondary Education (Class 10). Graduates are eligible for admission to undergraduate programmes.<ref>{{Citation |title=The Council of Architecture (Minimum Standards of Architectural Education) Guidelines for Diploma Courses, 2022. |date=2022-06-17 |issue=Ref: CA/5/Academic-Diploma |url=https://www.coa.gov.in/app/myauth/notification/COA%20letter%20to%20Diploma%20InstitutionsCOA%20Diploma%20Guidelines%202022.pdf |publication-place=New Delhi, India |publisher=[[Council of Architecture]]}} </ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite act|index=CA/193/2020/MSAER|date=|legislature=[[Council of Architecture]]|title=The Council of Architecture (Minimum Standards of Architectural Education) Regulations, 2020|url=https://www.coa.gov.in/showfile.php?lang=1&level=1&sublinkid=748&lid=599|prefix=F. No.}} {{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://www.coa.gov.in/showfile.php?lang=1&level=1&sublinkid=748&lid=599 |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=}}</ref>
* '''[[Bachelor of Architecture|Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch)]]''' is a 5-year long [[Undergraduate education|undergraduate]] [[Professional degree|professional]] ([[International Standard Classification of Education|ISCED]] level 6) programme. Candidates are required to have completed the 12th grade of school ([[International Standard Classification of Education|ISCED]] level 3) or [[Diploma (India)|diploma]] ([[International Standard Classification of Education|ISCED]] level 4) with mathematics as core course. Additionally, candidates are required to pass the admission test National Aptitude Test in Architecture (NATA). Graduates are eligible to register as an architect and for admission to postgraduate programmes. Additionally, graduates with ten years experience in teaching, research and professional practice are eligible for admission to doctoral programmes in architecture.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite act|index=20 of 1972|date=|legislature=[[Parliament of India]]|title=The Architects Act|url=https://www.indiacode.nic.in/handle/123456789/1690|prefix=Act No.}} {{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://www.indiacode.nic.in/handle/123456789/1690 |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Citation |title=The Council of Architecture (Minimum Standards of Architectural Education for Post-Graduate Programmes) Guidelines, 2006. |date=2022-12-14 |issue=Ref: CA/5/Academic/2022/Circular-PGGuidelines |url=https://www.coa.gov.in/showfile.php?lang=1&level=1&sublinkid=1379&lid=1116#:~:text=examination%20in%20B.-,Arch.,aggregate%20marks%20or%20equivalent%20CGPI.&text=(ii)%20The%20candidate%20needs%20to,Norms%20prescribed%20in%20Appendix%2DD. |publication-place=New Delhi, India |publisher=[[Council of Architecture]]}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Ph.D. Guidelines |url=https://coa.gov.in/index1.php?lang=1&level=1&sublinkid=183&lid=199#:~:text=An%20institution%20may%20be%20permitted,one%20or%20more%20with%20Ph. |publisher=[[Council of Architecture]] |publication-place=New Delhi, India}}</ref>
* [[Master of Architecture|'''Master of Architecture (M.Arch)''']] is a 2-year long postgraduate ([[International Standard Classification of Education|ISCED]] level 7) programme. Candidates are required to have completed Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch) or equivalent recognised by the Council of Architecture. Additionally, candidates are required to pass the admission test Postgraduate Entrance Test in Architecture (PGETA). Graduates are eligible for admission to doctoral programmes in architecture.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Citation |title=Postgraduate Entrance Test in Architecture: Information Brochure |date=2024-07-01 |url=https://www.coa.gov.in/staging/images/pgeta_brochure.pdf |place=New Delhi, India |publisher=[[Council of Architecture]]}}</ref>
* '''[[Doctor of Philosophy|Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Architecture]]''' is a [[terminal degree]] ([[ISCED]] level 8) programme. Candidates are required to have completed Master of Architecture (M.Arch) or postgraduate degree in allied fields. Additionally, Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch) graduates with ten years experience in teaching, research and professional practice are eligible for admission.<ref name=":5" />
=== Regulatory body ===
{{Main articles|Council of Architecture}}
The [[Council of Architecture]] is a statutory body constituted by the [[Ministry of Education (India)|Indian Ministry of Education]] under the Architects Act of 1972. It is responsible for regulation of architectural education and practice of architecture throughout India.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Council of Architecture (COA) |url=https://www.education.gov.in/technical-education-10 |publisher=Department of Higher Education, [[Ministry of Education (India)|Ministry of Education]], [[Government of India]] |place=New Delhi, India}}</ref> It approves higher education institutions in India to provide a 5-year long [[Bachelor of Architecture|Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch)]] and a 2-year long [[Master of Architecture|Master of Architecture (M.Arch)]] degrees.<ref name="CCA Directory">{{Citation |title=Directory of Schools of Architecture in Commonwealth |date=2023-05-03 |url=https://issuu.com/comarchitect.org/docs/230501_verified_schools_of_architecture_in_the_co |publisher=[[Commonwealth Association of Architects]]}}</ref><ref name="COA Approval UG">{{Cite web |last=Council of Architecture |author-link=Council of Architecture |title=List of COA approved Institutions (Undergraduate course) |url=https://ecoa.in/academic/public/institution-approval |publisher=Council of Architecture |place=New Delhi, India}}</ref><ref name="COA Approval PG">{{Cite web |last= |title=List of COA approved Institutions (Postgraduate course) |url=https://ecoa.in/academic/public/Apporved-Institution-Pg-List |publisher=Council of Architecture |publication-place=New Delhi, India}}</ref>

== Bachelor of Architecture ==
The Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch) is an [[undergraduate degree]] classified as [[International Standard Classification of Education|ISCED]] level 6. It is also a [[professional degree]] that fulfils the academic requirements for registration as an [[architect]] with the [[Council of Architecture]]. The Council of Architecture maintains a [[List of architecture schools in India|list of approved architecture schools]] that offer this degree.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name="CAA India">{{Citation |title=Directory of Schools of Architecture in Commonwealth |date=2023-05-03 |url=https://issuu.com/comarchitect.org/docs/230501_verified_schools_of_architecture_in_the_co |publisher=[[Commonwealth Association of Architects]]}}</ref><ref name="COA UG">{{Cite web |last=Council of Architecture |author-link=Council of Architecture |title=List of COA approved Institutions (Undergraduate course) |url=https://ecoa.in/academic/public/institution-approval |publisher=Council of Architecture |place=New Delhi, India}}</ref>

=== Structure ===
The B.Arch programme lasts 5 years and is divided into 10 semesters, each consisting of 90 working days. During their 8th or 9th semester, students undergo 80 days of practical training. In the 10th semester, students complete an [[Thesis|Architectural Thesis]], where they demonstrate their ability to conceive an architectural design of built environment.<ref name=":3" />

== See also ==

* [[Architecture of India]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Architectural education]]
[[Category:Architectural education in India]]

Baba Mohan Ram

2025-06-09T03:18:56Z

MarkKapoor: Put up the article added tags

{{Short description|Hindu folk deity}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox deity
| type = Hindu
| name = Baba Mohan Ram
| image = File:Baba_Mohan_Ram_Ji.jpg
| abode = Kali Kholi
| day = Dwitiya (द्वितीया ) also known as Doj<ref name=tyagi/>{{rp|p=77}}
| caption = The deity depicted riding his blue horse at Kali Kholi
| festivals = Doj ([[Dvitiya]]) Mela, Dhulandi ([[Holi]]), [[Phalguna]] Doj, [[Bhadra]] Doj
| affiliation = [[Vaishnavism]]
| color = Blue
| region = [[Haryana]], [[Rajasthan]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| temple = Cave of Baba Mohan Ram, Kali Kholi, [[Bhiwadi]]; Milakpur
| dynasty =
| weapon =
}}
'''Baba Mohan Ram'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=बाबा मोहनराम काली खोली धाम |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/rajasthan/bhiwadi/news/rajasthan-news-baba-mohanram-will-celebrate-the-grand-celebration-of-the-kali-dham-dham-from-today-for-three-days-021511-4163736.html |publisher=Dainik Bhaskar |language=Hindi}}</ref> ({{langx|hi|बाबा मोहन राम}}) is a [[Hindu]] [[deity]]. He is considered by his adherents to be an avatar of the deity [[Krishna]], who appeared during the ''[[Dvapara Yuga]]''.<ref name="tyagi">{{Cite book|title=Shani Mahima Granth|last=Tyagi|first=Manu|publisher=Rama Publication|year=2018|isbn=978-81-903707-9-0|location=Delhi}}</ref>{{rp|67}}

== Iconography ==
Head Adornments: Central to his appearance is a prominent gold crown encircling his head. His locks are embellished with a striking [[peacock]] feather, evoking a celestial elegance and representing divine sovereignty.

Facial Features: His countenance embodies a blend of [[Krishna|Krishna's]] charm and celestial luminescence, characterized by a serene yet radiant visage akin to the glow of the moon. The serenity and magnetic appeal of his face draw devotees to his divine presence.

Garland: Draped around his neck is a resplendent garland intricately crafted with pearls and a sacred rudraksha bead, symbolizing purity, spiritual depth, and divine protection.

Mount - Blue Horse: Baba Mohan Ram is often portrayed riding a majestic blue horse, believed to embody the manifestation of [[Shesha]], the divine serpent. This equine form signifies strength, agility, and spiritual transcendence.

Attire: Typically attired as a [[Brahmin]], he is adorned in simple yet dignified clothing, reflecting humility and spiritual connection. Wooden slippers adorn his feet, representing groundedness and simplicity amidst divine grandeur.

Baba Mohan Ram is primarily worshipped in his distinctive divine form, characterized by intricate details. However, his blessings manifest in various divine incarnations. For instance, when granting blessings to Pandit Nandu, Baba Mohan Ram appeared as [[Vamana]], embodying the divine essence of a celestial child.

{{Vaishnavism}}

In another instance, Baba Mohan Ram revealed himself to Pandit Kanha in a different divine form—a captivating child accompanied by lions, signifying strength and grace, adorned with enchanting brown dreadlocks.

Additionally, near the sacred Kali Kholi pond, devotees experienced a vision of Baba Mohan Ram as Shri [[Krishna]], engaging in divine leelas with the gopis. This multifaceted display of forms showcases Mohan Ram's diverse appearances, each bestowing unique messages and blessings upon his devotees.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book |last=Bhagat Ji |first=Guru Deshraj |title=Baba Mohan Ram Katha |publisher=Baba Mohan Ram |year=2016 |isbn=978-8-5119-3913-2 |location=Delhi |pages=1–100}}</ref>

== Nomenclature ==
Shri Mohan Ram is regarded as a divine manifestation of Lord [[Krishna]] in the [[Kali Yuga]], the current age according to Hindu cosmology. "[[Krishna|Mohan]]" signifies the captivating or enchanting aspect, attributing an alluring beauty and charm to this divine form. While traditionally considered an incarnation of Lord [[Vishnu]], Shri Mohan Ram, according to some beliefs, represents an exceptional manifestation of Lord [[Krishna]] specifically in the contemporary era.

This divine persona embodies the captivating allure and divine virtues reminiscent of both Lord [[Krishna]] and Lord [[Rama]]. Shri Mohan Ram is revered for his enchanting beauty, charismatic persona, and spiritual significance, symbolizing the essence of love, righteousness, and devotion.

According to this belief, Shri Mohan Ram's appearance in the [[Kali Yuga]] serves as a beacon of spiritual guidance and a source of divine inspiration for devotees. His divine attributes, mirroring the eternal values of truth, righteousness, and compassion, resonate with seekers of spiritual enlightenment in the modern era.

Baba Mohan Ram, celebrated for his captivating allure akin to Lord Krishna and the moral values akin to Lord Rama, holds a revered place in Hindu mythology and spiritual narratives. His divine presence serves as a reminder of the eternal teachings and the timeless virtues embedded within Hindu philosophy, attracting devotees seeking spiritual solace and enlightenment in the contemporary world.<ref name="tyagi" />{{rp|67}}

== Meeting the Divine ==

=== Pandit Nandu ===
According to legends, he manifested in the Milakpur hills, where a Brahmin named Nandu used to herd cow. Nandu was deeply devoted to Lord Shri Krishna, and his unwavering faith in the deity was evident as he constantly meditated upon Krishna's feet. Over time, his devotion intensified, and his primary activities involved tending to cow and worshiping Lord Krishna.

Witnessing Nandu's unshakable faith, Lord Krishna decided to reveal himself. He orchestrated a divine play where a cow would visit Nandu's cow regularly. As Nandu attended to his herd during the day, the cow would join them, but in the evenings, when Nandu led his cow down from the hills, the cow would mysteriously move in a different direction, away from the other cows.

Curious about the cow's behavior, Nandu decided to follow it one day. He observed the cow entering a cave, and he followed it inside. Within the cave, he discovered a radiant sage immersed in deep meditation. Recognizing the sage's divine aura, Nandu bowed in reverence.

The sage, affectionately addressing Nandu, welcomed him and expressed his delight at Nandu's year-long care for the cow. The sage bestowed upon Nandu a boon, offering to fulfill any wish he desired. However, Nandu humbly expressed that the sight of the sage itself was more than enough for him.

The sage, with a gentle smile, insisted that Nandu accept a blessing. He declared Nandu as his foremost devotee, assuring him that whoever sought blessings in his name at Nandu's behest would have their desires fulfilled. This pledge extended through seven generations of Nandu's lineage, ensuring the presence of the sage's devotees for ages to come.

Baba Mohan Ram became synonymous with fulfilling the wishes of those who approached his devotees with reverence and seeking blessings. His legacy continues to be revered, perpetuating the belief in his divine presence and his ability to grant blessings to the faithful.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Baisla |first=Hareram |title=Baba Mohan Ram Ki Katha |publisher=Dharmic Pustak Bhandar |year=2005 |location=Rajasthan |pages=26–29 |language=Hindi}}</ref>

=== Pandit Kanha ===
In the village of Aalupar, there lived a prominent cow owner known for his fierce demeanor. Residing with him was Pandit Kanha, who tended to his cow and managed household chores. Pandit Kanha, deeply devoted to Baba Mohan Ram, engaged in regular worship and revered the deity immensely.

One day, the cow owner instructed Pandit Kanha to deposit money in the nearby town. As the day passed and the task completed, nightfall loomed, with the journey back possibly traversing through a dense forest. Fearful of the wild animals, the cow owner ordered Pandit Kanha to delay the return until the next day. Enraged by this order, the cow owner subjected Pandit Kanha to severe punishment, including walking barefoot on a path laden with thorns and stones, causing injuries.

Amidst this ordeal, Pandit Kanha fainted. In a dream-like state, he encountered a divine figure resembling a young boy radiating a celestial glow. The apparition consoled Pandit Kanha, revealing its true identity as Baba Mohan Ram, promising to visit Pandit Kanha's home at midnight.

Overwhelmed with joy and gratitude, Pandit Kanha eagerly awaited Baba Mohan Ram's arrival. True to the promise, at midnight, a disguised Baba Mohan Ram appeared at Pandit Kanha's doorstep. Prostrating before the deity, Pandit Kanha and his wife performed elaborate rituals and expressed their devotion.

Impressed by their devotion, Baba Mohan Ram extolled the virtues of love and devotion over rigid religious practices, narrating instances from various historical eras where simple devotees attained divine presence through pure love and faith. Baba Mohan Ram guided Pandit Kanha to a sacred spot beneath a banyan tree, where he discovered invaluable divine artifacts.

In adherence to Baba Mohan Ram's teachings, Pandit Kanha performed daily worship of these artifacts. However, faced with opposition from his wife, he attempted to dispose of them. During the disposal, he encountered a ferocious lion, which led to his wife's fainting due to fear.

Witnessing these events, Pandit Kanha's beliefs were reinforced, and he continued to devoutly worship the divine artifacts, emphasizing the significance of love and faith in spiritual devotion.<ref name=":0" />

=== Sekhu Mirasi ===
Sekhu Mirasi, a humble cowherd in a serene village, encountered a sage whose divine aura bestowed upon him a legacy of melodies. Though initially silent, it was an encounter with Mohan Ram that unlocked Sekhu's gift, weaving celestial verses into songs of cosmic wisdom:

''"निराकार ज्योति स्वरूप जाने दिये ब्रह्मांड रचाय अजी यू पानी से पैदा करे बन्दे तू वा पैदागर न धाय"''

His melodies transcended boundaries, resonating with seekers of truth, symbolizing cosmic harmony, and revealing the interconnectedness of existence. Sekhu Mirasi's songs remain an enduring legacy of spiritual awakening and celestial beauty.<ref name=":0" />

== Veneration ==
Baba Mohan Ram's Cave is in the mountain of Kali Kholi, in [[Bhiwadi]], where his {{lang|hi-Latn|akhand jyoti}} ([[eternal fire]]) is present. Devotees come in large numbers during the Doj and the {{lang|hi-Latn|Chemai Doj}} (Six Month Festival). Devotees offer ghee to his {{lang|hi-Latn|akhand jyoti}}, which removes their problems, and they offer {{lang|hi-Latn|bhog}} and {{lang|hi-Latn|uppla}} (cow dung cake) to his ever lasting [[dhuni]], which also cures all the problems caused to his devotees. According to legend, the temple is surrounded by miracles and divine energy, and any service that people do there benefits them, like sweeping the temple floor, donating food to poor, providing water to the bird feeders, and feeding animals, especially cows. The temple is surrounded by trees and birds of various species. It is said that the deity commanded his devotees to build a temple in his name in the village of Milakpur, where his first devotee, Nandu Ji, lived.<ref name=":12"/><ref name="Bisrakh1">{{cite news |date=11 August 2016 |title=Bisrakh residents keen to reinstall Ravana idol |work=Times of India |agency=TNN |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/Bisrakh-residents-keen-to-reinstall-Ravana-idol/articleshow/53643702.cms |access-date=10 January 2019}}</ref><ref name="Bisrakh2">{{cite news |date=12 August 2016 |title=Ram makes it in Bisrakh temple, amid heavy police guard |work=Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/Ram-makes-it-in-Bisrakh-temple-amid-heavy-police-guard/articleshow/53660110.cms |access-date=10 January 2019}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite book|title=Dooj Vrat Baba Mohan Ram|last=Krishna|first=Bal|publisher=Village Milakhpur Gurjar Bhiwadi|year=1999|location=Alwar|pages=1–100}}

[[Category:Folk deities of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Hindu folk deities]]

Swati Bajpai

2025-05-17T05:36:11Z

MarkKapoor: done

{{short description|Indian television actress|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=November 2013}}
{{citation style|date=March 2012}}
}}

{{Infobox person
| name = Swati Bajpai
| image =
| caption =
| imagesize =
| birth_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| occupation = [[Actor|Television actress]]
}}

'''Swati Bajpai''' is an Indian television actress.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-07-01 |title=Swati Bajpai brings positive vibes on Waaris sets |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/swati-bajpai-brings-positive-vibes-on-waaris-sets-2887974/lite/ |access-date=2025-05-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-03-31 |title=I have very fond memories of Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/gujarati/swati-bajpai-talks-about-her-gujarat-connect/articleshow/33019444.cms |access-date=2025-05-17 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> She is best known for portraying Nimmi Kaushik in ''[[Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein]]''.

== Career ==
She was first seen in [[Imagine TV]]'s popular dance class show ''[[Nachle Ve with Saroj Khan]]'', hosted by popular Bollywood choreographer [[Saroj Khan]], as one of Khan's students. She was also seen as a contestant in the matchmaking reality show ''[[Perfect Bride|Lux Perfect Bride]]'' in 2009. Bajpai then acted in [[Zee TV]]'s daily soap ''[[Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein]]'' for almost two years.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swati Bajpai of Mrs Kaushik... pay a visit to Lalbagh Cha Raja…|url=http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/mohit-matoo-and-swati-bajpai-of-mrs-kaushik-pay-visit-lalbagh-cha-raja%E2%80%A6}}</ref> According to some reports, she was also approached for ''[[Bigg Boss (Hindi season 7)|Bigg Boss 7]]''.

==Television==
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:100%"
|- "text-align:center;"
|-
! Year
! Show
! Role
! Channel
! Notes
|-
| 2008–2009 ||''[[Nachle Ve with Saroj Khan]]'' || Herself || [[Imagine TV|NDTV Imagine]] || Student
|-
| 2008 || ''Raju Hazir Ho'' || Herself || NDTV Imagine || Host
|-
| 2009 ||''[[Perfect Bride|Lux Perfect Bride]]'' || Herself || [[Star Plus]] || Contestant
|-
| 2011–2013 || ''[[Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein]]'' || Nimmi Bittu Kaushik || [[Zee TV]] ||
|-
| 2016–2017 || ''[[Waaris (2016 TV series)|Waaris]]'' || Raavi Pawania || [[&TV]] ||
|-
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://m.imdb.com/name/nm6499835/ Swati Bajpai] on [[IMDb]]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bajpai, Swati}}
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Actresses from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi television]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]

Ghanta Ghar

2025-05-16T20:13:10Z

MarkKapoor: Adding New Article

{{wikt|hi:घंटाघर}}
'''Ghanta Ghar''' literally means ''Hour House'' in [[Hindi–Urdu]] and Punjabi, implying ''Clock House'' or ''[[Clock tower]]''. There are several Ghanta Ghars in [[India]], [[Nepal]] and [[Pakistan]].

:'''India'''
:{{also|List of clock towers#India}}

:* [[Ghantaghar]] in the center of Chandni Chowk, Delhi, Punjab
:* [[Ghanta Ghar metro station]], Delhi Metro, Punjab
:* [[Ghanta Ghar (Jodhpur)]] in Jodhpur, Rajasthan
:* [[Ghanta Ghar, Mirzapur]], Uttar Pradesh

:'''Nepal'''
:{{also|List of clock towers#Nepal}}
:* [[Ghanta Ghar (Kathmandu)]]

:'''Pakistan'''
:{{also|List of clock towers#Pakistan}}
:* [[Clock Tower, Multan]] in Punjab, Pakistan
:* [[Cunningham Clock Tower]] in Peshawar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
:* [[Clock Tower, Faisalabad]] in Punjab, Pakistan
:* [[Clock Tower, Sialkot]] in Punjab, Pakistan

==See also==
*[[Ghanta]], the bell in Hindu temples
*[[Ghar (disambiguation)]]
*[[Ghantasala (disambiguation)]]
*[[Clock House (disambiguation)]]
*[[Clock Tower (disambiguation)]]

{{dab}}

Ī (Indic)

2025-05-12T20:53:52Z

MarkKapoor: minor edit

{{short description|Letter "Ī" in Indic scripts}}
{{Infobox Indic letter |letname = Ī
|bengcp = 0988 |bengimg = Bengali Letter Ii.svg
|tibtcp = 0F68;ཱ&#x0F72
|tamlcp = 0B88 |tamlimg = Tamil-alphabet-ஈஈ.svg
|thaicp = 0E35
|mlymcp = 0D08
|sinhcp = 0D8A
|brahcp = 11008 |ashokaimg = Brahmi ii.svg
|devacp = 0908 |devaimg = Devanagari ई.svg
| hbchar = ע
| grchar = Ο, Ω
| lachar = O
| cychar = О, Ѡ, Ѿ, Ꙋ, Ю
|ipa = iː |iast = Ī |iscii = A7
}}

'''Ī''' is a vowel of Indic abugidas. In modern Indic scripts, Ī is derived from the early "[[Ashoka]]" Brahmi letter [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|ng]]. As an Indic vowel, Ī comes in two normally distinct forms: 1) as an independent letter, and 2) as a vowel sign for modifying a base consonant. Bare consonants without a modifying vowel sign have the inherent "A" vowel.

==Āryabhaṭa numeration==
{{further|Āryabhaṭa numeration}}
[[Aryabhata]] used Devanagari letters for numbers, very similar to the [[Greek numerals]], even after the invention of [[Indian numerals]]. The ई sign  ी was used to modify a consonant's value {{e|2}}, but the vowel letter did not have an inherent value by itself.<ref name="Ifrah">{{cite book|last=Ifrah|first=Georges|title=The Universal History of Numbers. From Prehistory to the Invention of the Computer|year=2000|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=New York|isbn=0-471-39340-1|pages=447–450}}</ref>

==Historic Ī==
There are three different general early historic scripts - [[Brahmi script|Brahmi]] and its variants, [[Kharosthi|Kharoṣṭhī]], and [[Tocharian alphabet|Tocharian]], the so-called ''slanting Brahmi''. Ī as found in standard [[Brahmi]], [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|Ī]] was a simple geometric shape, with variations toward more flowing forms by the Gujarat [[Image:Gupta gujarat ii.svg|13px|Ī]]. Like all Brahmic scripts, Tocharian Ī [[Image:Tocharian letter ii.gif|18px|Ī]] has an accompanying vowel mark for modifying a base consonant. In Kharoṣṭhī, the only independent vowel letter is for the inherent A. All other independent vowels, including Ī are indicated with vowel marks added to the letter A.

===Brahmi Ī===
The Brahmi letter Ī [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|Ī]], is [[Brahmi script#origin|probably derived]] from the altered Aramaic [[Ayin]] [[File:Ayin.svg|13px]], and is thus related to the modern Latin [[O]] and Greek [[Omicron]].<ref name="Buhler">{{cite web |last1=Bühler |first1=Georg |title=On the Origin of the Indian Brahmi Alphabet |url=https://archive.org/details/onoriginofindian00bhuoft/page/n3/mode/2up |website=archive.org |year=1898 |publisher=Karl J. Trübner |accessdate=10 June 2020}}</ref> Several identifiable styles of writing the Brahmi Ī can be found, most associated with a specific set of inscriptions from an artifact or diverse records from an historic period.<ref>[[:File:Brahmi script consonants according to James Prinsep March 1838.jpg|Evolutionary chart]], Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Vol 7, 1838 [https://archive.org/stream/journalofasiatic775asia#page/n101]</ref> As the earliest and most geometric style of Brahmi, the letters found on the [[Edicts of Ashoka]] and other records from around that time are normally the reference form for Brahmi letters, with vowel marks not attested until later forms of Brahmi back-formed to match the geometric writing style.
{|class="wikitable"
|+Brahmi Ī historic forms
|-
!Ashoka ([[Brahmi script#Early Brahmi or "Ashokan Brahmi" (3rd–1st century BCE)|3rd-1st c. BCE]]) !! Girnar (~150 BCE) !! Kushana ([[Brahmi script#Middle Brahmi or "Kushana Brahmi" (1st–3rd centuries CE)|~150-250 CE]]) !! Gujarat (~250 CE) !! Gupta ([[Gupta script|~350 CE]])
|-
| [[File:Brahmi ii.svg|37px]] || No sample || No sample || [[Image:Gupta gujarat ii.svg|37px]] || No sample
|}

===Tocharian Ī===
The Tocharian letter [[Image:Tocharian letter ii.gif|25px|Ī]] is derived from the Brahmi [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|Ī]]. Unlike some of the consonants, Tocharian vowels do not have a [[Tocharian alphabet#Script|Fremdzeichen]] form.
{|class="wikitable"
|+Tocharian consonants with Ī vowel mark
|-
! Kī !! Khī !! Gī !! Ghī !! Cī !! Chī !! Jī !! Jhī !! Nyī !! Ṭī !! Ṭhī !! Ḍī !! Ḍhī !! Ṇī
|-
| [[File:Tocharian letter kii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter khii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter gii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter ghii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter cii.gif|37px]] ||  || [[File:Tocharian letter jii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter jhii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter nyii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter ttii.gif|37px]] ||  || [[File:Tocharian letter ddii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter ddhii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter nnii.gif|37px]]
|-
! Tī !! Thī !! Dī !! Dhī !! Nī !! Pī !! Phī !! Bī !! Bhī !! Mī !! Yī !! Rī !! Lī !! Vī
|-
| [[File:Tocharian letter tii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter thii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter dii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter dhii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter nii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter pii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter phii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter bii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter bhii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter mii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter yii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter rii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter lii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter vii.gif|37px]]
|-
! Śī !! Ṣī !! Sī !! Hī
|-
| [[File:Tocharian letter shii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter ssii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter sii.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter hii.gif|37px]]
|}

===Kharoṣṭhī Ī===
The Kharoṣṭhī letter Ī is indicated with the [[I (Indic)#Kharoṣṭhī I|I]] vowel mark [[File:Буква I (залежний знак). Письмо кхароштхі. Kharoshthi vowel sign I.svg|15px|Ī]]plus the vowel length mark [[File:Довгий голосний (залежний знак). Письмо кхароштхі. Kharosthi vowel length mark.svg|15px]]. As an independent vowel, Ī is indicated by adding the vowel marks to the independent vowel letter [[A (Indic)#Kharoṣṭhī A|A]] [[File:Буква А (незалежний знак). Письмо кхароштхі. Kharoshthi letter A.svg|15px|A]].

==Devanagari Ī==

{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Devanagari ई.svg
| alt1 = Ī vowel
| image2 = Devanagari ii sign.png
| alt2 = Ī vowel sign
| footer = Devanagari independent Ī and Ī vowel sign.
}}
'''Ī''' ('''ई''') is a vowel of the [[Devanagari]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|Ī]]. Letters that derive from it are the [[Gujarati script|Gujarati]] letter '''ઈ''', and the [[Modi alphabet|Modi]] letter 𑘃.

===Devanagari Using Languages===
The Devanagari script is used to write the [[Hindi language]], [[Sanskrit]] and the majority of [[Indo-Aryan languages]]. In most of these languages, ई is pronounced as {{IPA|hi|ī|}}. Like all Indic scripts, Devanagari vowels come in two forms: an independent vowel form for syllables that begin with a vowel sound, and a vowel sign attached to base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel.

==Bengali Ī==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Bengali Letter Ii.svg
| alt1 = Ī vowel
| image2 = Bengali Ii vowel sign.svg
| alt2 = Ī vowel sign
| footer = Bengali independent Ī and Ī vowel sign.
}}
'''Ī''' ('''ঈ''') is a vowel of the [[Bengali script|Bengali]] [[abugida]]. It is derived from the [[Siddhaṃ]] letter [[Image:Siddham ii.svg|13px|Ī]], and is marked by a similar horizontal head line, but less geometric shape, than its Devanagari counterpart, ई.

===Bengali Script Using Languages===
The Bengali script is used to write several languages of eastern India, notably the [[Bengali language]] and [[Assamese language|Assamese]]. In most languages, ঈ is pronounced as {{IPA|bn|ī|}}. Like all Indic scripts, Bengali vowels come in two forms: an independent vowel form for syllables that begin with a vowel sound, and a vowel sign attached to base consonant to override the inherent /ɔ/ vowel.

==Gujarati Ī==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Gujarati vowel Ii.svg
| alt1 = Ī vowel
| image2 = Gujarati vowel sign Ii.svg
| alt2 = Ī vowel sign
| footer = Gujarati independent Ī and Ī vowel sign.
}}
'''Ī''' ('''ઈ''') is a vowel of the [[Gujarati script|Gujarati]] [[abugida]]. It is derived from the Devanagari Ī [[Image:Devanagari ई.svg|13px|ī]], and ultimately the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|ī]].

===Gujarati-using Languages===
The Gujarati script is used to write the [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] and [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]] languages. In both languages, ઈ is pronounced as {{IPA|gu|ī|}}. Like all Indic scripts, Gujarati vowels come in two forms: an independent vowel form for syllables that begin with a vowel sound, and a vowel sign attached to base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel. In addition to the standard vowel sign, Ī forms a unique ligature when combined with the consonant J:
* જ (j) + ઈ (ī) gives the ligature jī:
[[File:Gujarati letter Jii.svg|100px]]

==Javanese Ī==
{{Empty section|date=October 2023}}

==Telugu Ī==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Telugu vowel Ii.svg
| alt1 = Telugu independent vowel Ī
| image2 = Telugu Ii vowel sign.svg
| alt2 = Telugu vowel sign Ī
| footer = Telugu independent vowel and vowel sign Ī.
}}
'''Ī''' ('''ఈ''') is a vowel of the [[Telugu script|Telugu]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|Ī]]. It is closely related to the [[Kannada script|Kannada]] letter '''ಈ'''. Like in other Indic scripts, Telugu vowels have two forms: and independent letter for word and syllable-initial vowel sounds, and a vowel sign for changing the inherent "a" of Telugu consonant letters. Vowel signs in Telugu can interact with a base consonant in one of three ways: 1) the vowel sign touches or sits adjacent to the base consonant without modifying the shape of either 2) the vowel sign sits directly above the consonant, replacing its v-shaped headline, 3) the vowel sign and consonant interact, forming a ligature.
[[File:Telugu Ii matra.svg|thumb|center|550px|Telugu Ī vowel sign on క, ఖ, గ, ఘ & ఙ: Kī, Khī, Gī, Ghī and Ngī. Note that how the vowel sign interacts with the base consonant is dependent on the location of the headline, the absence of a headline, and the presence of a tail to attach to.]]

==Malayalam Ī==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Malayalam vowel Ii.svg
| alt1 = Malayalam independent vowel Ī
| image2 = Malayalam vowel sign Ii.svg
| alt2 = Malayalam vowel sign Ī
| footer = Malayalam independent vowel and vowel sign Ī.
}}
'''Ī''' ('''ഈ''') is a vowel of the [[Malayalam script|Malayalam]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|Ī]], via the [[Grantha script|Grantha]] letter [[Image:Grantha vowel Ii.svg|x15px|Ī]] ''ī''. Like in other Indic scripts, Malayalam vowels have two forms: an independent letter for word and syllable-initial vowel sounds, and a vowel sign for changing the inherent "a" of consonant letters. Vowel signs in Malayalam usually sit adjacent to its base consonant - below, to the left, right, or both left and right, but are always pronounced after the consonant sound.

==Odia Ī==
[[File:Odia alphabet ଈ.svg|thumb|Odia independent vowel and vowel sign Ī]]
'''Ī''' ('''ଈ''') is a vowel of the [[Odia script|Odia]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|Ī]], via the [[Siddhaṃ script|Siddhaṃ]] letter [[Image:Siddham ii.svg|x15px|Ī]] ''ī''. Like in other Indic scripts, Odia vowels have two forms: an independent letter for word and syllable-initial vowel sounds, and a vowel sign for changing the inherent "a" of consonant letters. Vowel signs in Odia usually sit adjacent to its base consonant - below, to the left, right, or both left and right, but are always pronounced after the consonant sound. No base consonants are altered in form when adding a vowel sign, and there are no consonant+vowel ligatures in Odia.

==Kaithi Ī==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Kaithi Ii.svg
| alt1 = Kaithi independent vowel Ī
| image2 = Kaithi Ii vowel sign.svg
| alt2 = Kaithi vowel sign Ī
| footer = Kaithi independent vowel and vowel sign Ī.
| align = left
}}
'''Ī''' ('''𑂆''') is a vowel of the [[Kaithi script|Kaithi]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|Ī]], via the [[Siddhaṃ script|Siddhaṃ]] letter [[Image:Siddham ii.svg|x15px|Ī]] ''Ī''. Like in other Indic scripts, Kaithi vowels have two forms: an independent letter for word and syllable-initial vowel sounds, and a vowel sign for changing the inherent "a" of consonant letters. Vowel signs in Kaithi usually sit adjacent to its base consonant - below, to the left, right, or both left and right, but are always pronounced after the consonant sound. No base consonants are altered in form when adding a vowel sign, and there are no consonant+vowel ligatures in Kaithi.

==Tirhuta Ī==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = TIRHUTA LETTER II.svg
| alt1 = Tirhuta independent vowel Ī
| image2 = TIRHUTA VOWEL SIGN II.svg
| alt2 = Tirhuta vowel sign Ī
| footer = Tirhuta independent vowel and vowel sign Ī.
}}
'''Ī''' ('''𑒄''') is a vowel of the [[Tirhuta script|Tirhuta]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi ii.svg|13px|Ī]], via the [[Siddhaṃ script|Siddhaṃ]] letter [[Image:Siddham ii.svg|x15px|Ī]] ''Ii''. Like in other Indic scripts, Tirhuta vowels have two forms: an independent letter for word and syllable-initial vowel sounds, and a vowel sign for changing the inherent "a" of consonant letters. Vowel signs in Tirhuta usually sit adjacent to its base consonant - below, to the left, right, or both left and right, but are always pronounced after the consonant sound. No consonants are altered in form when adding the ''Ī'' vowel mark, although there are some consonant+vowel ligatures in Tirhuta.

{{clear}}

==Comparison of Ī==
The various Indic scripts are generally related to each other through adaptation and borrowing, and as such the glyphs for cognate letters, including Ī, are related as well.
{{Indic glyph |letname = Ī
|devacp = 0908 |devaimg = Devanagari ई.svg
|bengcp = 0988 |bengimg = Bengali Letter Ii.svg
|tamlcp = 0B88 |tamlimg = Tamil-alphabet-ஈஈ.svg
|telucp = 0C08
|oryacp = 0B08
|kndacp = 0C88
|mlymcp = 0D08
|gujrcp = 0A88
|gurucp = 0A08

|brahcp = 11008 |ashokaimg = Brahmi ii.svg
|siddcp = 11583 |siddimg = Siddham ii.svg
|grancp = 11308
|newacp = 11403
|bhkscp = 11C03
|shrdcp = 11186
|tibtcp = 0F68;ཱ&#x0F72
|mymrcp = 1024
|lanacp = 1A4E
|lana2cp = 1A66
|khmrcp = 17A6
|khmr2cp = 17B8
|laoocp = 0EB5
|thaicp = 0E35
|sinhcp = 0D8A
|cakmcp = 11129
|ahomcp = 11723
|diakcp = 11903
|saurcp = A885
|chamcp = AA2B
|modicp = 11603
|nandcp = 119A3
|gongcp = 11D63
|kthiimg = Kaithi Ii.svg | kthicp = 11086
|tirhcp = 11484
|mteicp = AAEB
|takrcp = 11683
|dogrcp = 11803
|khojcp = 1122E
|sindcp = 112B3
|balicp = 1B08
|javacp = A987
|gonmcp = 11D03
| armiimg = Ayin.svg
| plavaimg = Pallava Ii.svg
| ranjimg = Ranjana ii.svg
}}

==Character encodings of Ī==
Most Indic scripts are encoded in the [[Unicode Standard]], and as such the letter Ī in those scripts can be represented in plain text with unique codepoint. Ī from several modern-use scripts can also be found in legacy encodings, such as [[ISCII]].
{{Indic encoding |= Ī
|devacp = 0908 |devaimg = Devanagari ई.svg
|bengcp = 0988 |bengimg = Bengali Letter Ii.svg
|tamlcp = 0B88 |tamlimg = Tamil-alphabet-ஈஈ.svg
|telucp = 0C08
|oryacp = 0B08
|kndacp = 0C88
|mlymcp = 0D08
|gujrcp = 0A88
|gurucp = 0A08
|iscii = A7

|brahcp = 11008 |ashokaimg = Brahmi ii.svg

|siddcp = 11583 |siddimg = Siddham ii.svg
|grancp = 11308

|newacp = 11403
|bhkscp = 11C03
|shrdcp = 11186
|mymrcp = 1024
|lanacp = 1A4E

|khmrcp = 17A6


|thaicp = 0E35
|sinhcp = 0D8A


|diakcp = 11903
|saurcp = A885

|modicp = 11603
|nandcp = 119A3
|gongcp = 11D63
|kthiimg = Kaithi Ii.svg | kthicp = 11086
|tirhcp = 11484

|takrcp = 11683
|dogrcp = 11803

|sindcp = 112B3
|balicp = 1B08
|javacp = A987
|gonmcp = 11D03
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Devanagari_abugida}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ii (Indic)}}
[[Category:Indic letters]]

Ijteba Nadwi

2025-04-13T16:19:25Z

MarkKapoor: put up new article more to come

{{Short description|Indian Muslim scholar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox academic
|honorific_prefix = [[Mawlānā]]
|name = Muḥammad Ijteba Nadwi
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1933|09|29|df=yes}}
|birth_place = Majhawwa Meer, Basti, [[British India]]
|death_place = [[New Delhi]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|2008|06|20|1933|09|29}}
|image = Ijteba Nadwi.jpg
|alma_mater = {{bulleted list|[[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]]| [[Damascus University]] |[[Aligarh Muslim University]]}}
|discipline = Arabic Language and Literature
|work_institution = [[Jamia Millia Islamia]], [[Kashmir University]], [[Allahabad University]]
|awards = Presidential Certificate of Honor, 1991
|notable_works = ''Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi: al-Daaiya al-Hakeem wa al-murabbi al-Jaleel'', ''Tārīkh Fikr-e-Islāmi''
|module =
{{Infobox religious biography | embed = yes
|religion= [[Islam]]
|resting_place = Jamia Millia Islamia cemetery }}
}}
'''Muḥammad Ijteba Nadwi''' (29 September 1933 – 20 June 2008) was an [[Indian people|Indian]] Islamic scholar, who formerly headed the Arabic departments of [[Jamia Millia Islamia]], [[Kashmir University]] and the [[Allahabad University]].

Nadwi was an alumnus of [[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]], [[Damascus University]] and the [[Aligarh Muslim University]]. He was an author of [[Arabic language|Arabic]] and [[Urdu language|Urdu]] and authored books such as ''Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi: al-Daaiya al-Hakeem wa al-murabbi al-Jaleel'' and ''Islam aur Huquq-e-Insani''.

==Early life and education==
Ijteba Nadwi's grandfather Sayyid Jafar Ali was a disciple of [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi|Sayyid Ahmad Shaheed]].{{Sfn|Nadwi|2008|pp=31}} He had participated in the [[Battle of Balakot]] in 1831 and later relocated to [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh]].{{Sfn|Nadwi|2008|pp=31}}

Nadwi was born on 29 September 1933 in Majhawwa Meer, a village located in the [[Basti district]].<ref name="tabeer">{{Citation |title=Al-Tabeer wal Muhadatha|language=Arabic |chapter=Life Sketch of Syed Ijteba Nadwi}}</ref> He began studying at the [[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]] and graduated in the traditional "[[dars-e-nizami]]" in 1955.He received a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A]] degree in Arabic literature from the [[Damascus University]] in 1960,{{Sfn|Nadwi|2008|pp=31}}<ref name="tabeer"/> and an [[Master of Arts|M.A]] (1964) and a [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]] (1976) from the [[Aligarh Muslim University]].<ref name="tabeer"/> His teachers included [[Mustafa al-Siba'i]], Hasan Habanaka, Ali al-Tantawi, [[Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi]] and [[Rabey Hasani Nadwi]].{{Sfn|Nadwi|2008|pp=30}}<ref name="rabey">{{cite book |last1=AHMED |first1=MOBAROK |title=A study on Arabic prose writers in India with special reference to Maulana Muhammad Rabey Hasani Nadwi |publisher=[[Gauhati University]] |pages=150–151 |url=http://14.139.13.47:8080/jspui/bitstream/10603/115224/12/12_chapter%205.pdf |chapter=Disciples of Rabey Hasani Nadwi }}{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==Career==
Nadwi was appointed as a teacher of Arabic language, literature and Islamic jurisprudence at the [[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]] in 1960.<ref name="tabeer"/> In 1965, he joined the then Department of Arabic, Iranian and Islamic Studies{{efn|According to the official website of [[Jamia Millia Islamia]], these departments were trifurcated to "The Department of Arabic",<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Arabic of JMI |url=https://www.jmi.ac.in/Arabic |publisher=Jamia Millia Islamia |access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref> "The Department of Islamic Studies"<ref>{{cite web |title=The department of Islamic Studies of JMI |url=https://www.jmi.ac.in/islamicstudies |publisher=Jamia Millia Islamia |access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref> and "The Department of Persian"<ref>{{cite web |title=The Persian department of JMI |url=https://www.jmi.ac.in/persian |publisher=Jamia Millia Islamia |access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref> in 1988.}} of Jamia Millia Islamia as a faculty member and later became an associate professor and then the head professor.<ref name="tabeer"/>

In 1979, Nadwi was appointed as an associate professor at the [[Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University]]. He taught at the [[Islamic University of Madinah]] until 1987 and returned to India in 1987.<ref name="tabeer"/> He served as the rector of Jamiat ul-Hidaya in [[Jaipur]] for a short while before joining the Arabic department of [[University of Kashmir]] as Head professor in 1988.<ref name="tabeer"/> He later became the Head professor in the Arabic department of the [[University of Allahabad]] in March 1990, from where he retired on 30 June 1994.<ref name="tabeer"/>

Nadwi was among the founding members of World League of Islamic Literature (''Rābtah Adab-e-Islāmi'') and served as the president of its branch in India. He was also a member of the executive council of Nadwatul Ulama. Aiming to aid in research and translation of Arabic language, literature and Islamic teachings, he founded "Markaz Ilmi" in [[New Delhi]]. He received the Certificate of Honor from the [[President of India]] in 1991.<ref name="tabeer"/>

==Literary works==
Nadwi wrote books including ''al-Ameer Syed Siddiq Hasan Khan: Hayatuhu wa Aasaruhu'' ({{translation|Life and works of [[Siddiq Hasan Khan]]}}), ''Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi: al-Daaiya al-Hakeem wa al-murabbi al-Jaleel'' ({{translation|Life and works of [[Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi]]}}), ''al-Imam Ahmad ibn Abdul Rahim: al-maroof bih al-Shah WaliUllah al-Dehlawi'' ({{translation|Biography of [[Shah Waliullah Dehlawi]]}}), ''Al-Tabeer wal Muhadatha'', ''Aurat Islam Ki Nazar Mai'' ({{translation|Woman: Islamic perspective}}), ''Islam aur Huquq-e-Insani'' ({{translation|Islam and human rights}}), ''Nuqush-e-Tabinda'' and ''Tarikh Fikr-e-Islami''.{{Sfn|Amini|2017|pp=820–821}}

==Death and legacy==
Nadwi died on 20 June 2008 in New Delhi, after having a heart surgery. He was buried in the Jamia Millia Islamia cemetery.<ref name="tabeer"/> Muhammad Idrees wrote ''Contribution of Dr Muhammad Ijteba Nadwi to Arabic Literature'' <ref>{{cite web |author1=[[National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language]] |title=NCPUL SANCTION ORDER |url=https://www.urducouncil.nic.in/sites/default/files/gia16.pdf |website=urducouncil.nic.in |access-date=3 April 2020 |page=54}}</ref> Qasim Adil wrote ''Dr. Ijteba Nadwi: A Great Scholar of 20th Century in India''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Revised Self study Report, May-2016 |url=http://www.zakirhusaindelhicollege.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Revised-SSR-ZHDC.pdf |website=zakirhusaindelhicollege.ac.in |publisher=[[Zakir Husain Delhi College]] |access-date=3 April 2020 |page=224 |archive-date=13 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713224457/http://www.zakirhusaindelhicollege.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Revised-SSR-ZHDC.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==References==
===Notes===
{{notelist}}

===Citations===
{{Reflist}}

===General bibliography===
* {{cite book |last1=Amini |first1=Noor Alam Khalil |author-link=Noor Alam Khalil Amini |title=Pas-e-Marg-e-Zindah |publisher=Idara Ilm-o-Adab |location=Deoband |pages=820–826 |edition=5th |date=February 2017 |language=ur |chapter=Professor Dr Mawlānā Sayyid Muḥammad Ijteba Nadwi}}
* {{cite journal |title=Mawlānā Sayyid Muhammad Ijteba Nadwi |journal=[[Tameer-e-Hayat]] |editor-last=Nadwi |editor-first=Shamsul Haq|location= Lucknow |url=http://tameerehayat.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/June-2008-2.pdf|date=25 June 2008|volume=45 |pages=14–15, 30–32 |issue=15|language=ur}}
** ''Āh,! Birādar Azīz Dr Sayyid Muḥammad Ijteba Nadwi'', by [[Rabey Hasani Nadwi]], pp. 14–15
** ''The demise of Mawlana Sayyid Muhammad Ijteba Nadwi'', p. 30
** ''Condolence ceremony held at [[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]] after Ijteba Nadwi's death'', p. 31
** ''Condolence ceremony held in [[Raebareli]] after Ijteba Nadwi's death'', p. 32
* {{cite book |title=Al-Tabeer wal Muhadatha |publisher=Univision Books |location=New Delhi |edition=2nd |language=Arabic |chapter=Life Sketch of Syed Ijteba Nadwi}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nadwi, Ijteba}}
[[Category:1933 births]]
[[Category:2008 deaths]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama alumni]]
[[Category:Damascus University alumni]]
[[Category:Aligarh Muslim University alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Jamia Millia Islamia]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Kashmir]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Allahabad]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]

The Mooknayak

2025-04-01T20:55:56Z

MarkKapoor: put up

{{Distinguish|text = [[Mooknayak]], the newspaper founded by [[B. R. Ambedkar]] in 1920}}
{{Short description|Online news channel}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox website
| name = The Mooknayak
| language = English, Hindi
| language_count = 2
| founded = {{start date and age|df=y|2021}}
| country_of_origin = India
| founder = [[Meena Kotwal]]
| url = {{URL|www.themooknayak.com}}
}}

'''The Mooknayak''' is an online news website founded in 2021 that focuses on social justice for [[Dalit|Dalits]] and marginalized communities.<ref name="Arab News 2023">{{cite web | title=Dalit journalist takes aim at changing history with stories of India's marginalized | website=Arab News | date=15 Mar 2023 | url=https://arab.news/var85 | access-date=7 Apr 2023}}</ref><ref name="Singh Singh 2023">{{cite web | last=Singh | first=Stuti Paul | title=FII Interviews: Journalist Meena Kotwal On Minority Politics, Journalism Today And The Caste Divide | website=Feminism in India | date=23 Feb 2023 | url=https://feminisminindia.com/2023/02/24/fii-interviews-journalist-meena-kotwal/ | access-date=7 Apr 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=N. L. |title=UN rights experts write to govt about inaction over threats to Mooknayak founder |url=https://www.newslaundry.com/2022/04/08/un-rights-experts-write-to-govt-about-inaction-over-threats-to-mooknayak-founder |access-date=2022-04-10 |website=Newslaundry}}</ref> Its name, which means 'the leader of the voiceless' honours the ''[[Mooknayak]]'' newspaper founded by [[B. R. Ambedkar|Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar]] in 1920 and reflects the work of its founder, Dalit journalist [[Meena Kotwal]].<ref name="Kotwal 2022">{{Cite news |last=Kotwal |first=Meena |date=27 May 2022 |title=Keeping Ambedkar's Legacy Alive, One Story At A Time |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/national/keeping-ambedkar-s-legacy-alive-one-story-at-a-time-magazine-186359 |access-date=18 May 2023 |website=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Singh NYT 2023">{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Karan Deep |title=With Stories of Her Oppressed Community, a Journalist Takes Aim at the Walls of Caste |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/06/world/asia/india-caste-discrimination-dalit-journalist-mooknayak.html |access-date=25 April 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=6 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="Sharma 2023">{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Saurabh |title='Leading the voiceless' - how low-caste Indian journalists are crowdfunding their own newsrooms |url=https://institute.aljazeera.net/en/ajr/article/2091 |access-date=21 February 2023 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] Journalism Review |date=13 February 2023}}</ref>

The Mooknayak covers stories related to [[Dalit]]s and other marginalized groups in India.<ref name="Singh NYT 2023"/><ref name="Lal 2021">{{cite news |last1=Lal |first1=Neeta |title=In India, calls for a caste census grow as more seek to benefit from affirmative action policies |url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3149670/india-calls-caste-census-grow-more-seek-benefit-affirmative |access-date=29 July 2022 |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |date=22 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Pasricha |first1=Anjana |title=In India, News Outlet Gives Voice to Low Castes |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/in-india-news-outlet-gives-voice-to-low-castes/7386565.html |access-date=6 February 2024 |work=Voice of America |date=6 December 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Kotwal has described it as "a Dalit-centred newsroom."<ref name="Sharma 2023"/>

Kotwal founded the online version of ''The Mooknayak'' in 2021,<ref name="Arab News 2023"/> and by 2023, the organization employed 15 journalists, including 9 full-time.<ref name="Sharma 2023">{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Saurabh |title='Leading the voiceless' - how low-caste Indian journalists are crowdfunding their own newsrooms |url=https://institute.aljazeera.net/en/ajr/article/2091 |access-date=21 February 2023 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] Journalism Review |date=13 February 2023}}</ref> News articles are written in English and Hindi, and journalists produce videos for the associated [[YouTube|YouTube channel]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bhat |first1=Adil |title=India: Dalit journalists give a voice to the marginalized – DW – 06/29/2023 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/india-dalit-journalists-give-a-voice-to-the-marginalized/a-66067288 |access-date=6 February 2024 |work=[[Deutsche Welle]] |date=29 June 2023 |language=en}}</ref> By March 2023, the YouTube channel had 50,000 subscribers.<ref name="Arab News 2023"/>

''The Mooknayak'' online news outlet is [[Crowdfunding|crowdfunded]] and has received approximately $12,000 from the [[Google News]] Initiative and around $6,000 from a YouTube training program.<ref name="Singh NYT 2023"/><ref name="Sharma 2023"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mooknayak, The}}

[[Category:Indian news websites]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 2021]]
[[Category:2021 establishments in Delhi]]

Gagan Malik (cricketer)

2025-03-29T18:39:38Z

MarkKapoor: Content updated and refined

{{Short description|Indian cricketer (born 1976)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2016}}
{{Infobox cricketer
| name = Gagan Malik
| image =
| country =
| fullname =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1976|12|29|df=yes}}
| birth_place = Delhi, India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| batting =
| bowling =
| role =

| club1 =
| year1 =
| clubnumber1 =
| club2 =
| year2 =
| clubnumber2 =

| date = 9 April 2016
| source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/31281.html ESPNcricinfo
}}
'''Gagan Malik''' (born 29 December 1976) is an Indian former [[cricket]]er. He played one [[List A cricket|List A]] match for [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] in 1999/00.<ref name="Bio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/31281.html |title=Gagan Malik |access-date=9 April 2016 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of Delhi cricketers]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cricinfo|ref=ci/content/player/31281.html}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Malik, Gagan}}
[[Category:1976 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian cricketers]]
[[Category:Delhi cricketers]]
[[Category:Cricketers from Delhi]]

{{India-cricket-bio-1970s-stub}}

Madinatul Uloom Bagbari

2024-11-20T15:32:30Z

MarkKapoor: created new info

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Madinatul Uloom Bagbari
| other_names = Darul Uloom Bagbari
| image =
| caption =
| established = {{start date and age|df=yes|p=y|1873|02|01}}
| type = [[Madrasa]] and [[Islamic university]]
| religious_affiliation = [[Islam]]
| founder = [[Najib Ali Choudhury]]
| principal = [[Maulana]] Abdul Mannan<ref>{{cite news|author=|title=মদিনাতুল উলুম বাগবাড়ি মাদ্রাসার ১৪৬ তম বার্ষিক অনুষ্ঠান আগামী ১ফেব্রুয়ারি|url=https://www.tarangabarta.com/madinatul-uloom-bagbari-madrasas-146th-annual-festival-will-be-held-on-1st-february/|work=Taranga Barta|language=Bangla|date=2019-01-29|access-date=2020-02-16|archive-date=16 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216221058/https://www.tarangabarta.com/madinatul-uloom-bagbari-madrasas-146th-annual-festival-will-be-held-on-1st-february/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| dean =
| students =
|coordinates = {{Coord|24|47|16|N|92|25|37|E|display=title}}
| city = Bagbari
| province = [[Karimganj district]]
| state = [[Assam]]
| country = [[India]]
}}

The '''Madinatul Uloom Bagbari Najibia Alia Madrasa''' ({{langx|ar|المدرسة العالية النجيبية مدينة العلوم بباغباري}}) or '''Madinatul Uloom Bagbari''' (also known as the '''Darul Uloom Bagbari'''<ref name="Khan2012">{{cite news|last=Khan|first=Bazlur Rahman|date=2012-05-25 |title=Madrasa Education System in South Assam|url=http://www.milligazette.com/news/3700-madrasa-education-system-in-south-assam-india|work=[[The Milli Gazette]]|access-date=2020-02-04}}</ref>), is a [[madrasa]] located in [[Assam]], [[India]]. It is the oldest [[Islam]]ic educational institution in the [[South Assam]] region.

==History==
It was founded in 1873 by the eminent Islamic scholar [[Najib Ali Choudhury]]. Tradition states that while living in [[Mecca]], Choudhury was visited in a dream by the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]], who instructed him to return to his homeland and spread religious education. The madrasa was established in Choudhury's own home, in the village of Bagbari near [[Karimganj]], and was officially named in his honour. It remained in this location for nearly a century, shifting to its present site in 1969 under the tenure of the then ''muhtamim'' (principal), [[Maulana]] Ashab Uddin.<ref name="Rahman2009">{{cite book|last1=Rahman|first1=Md. Matiur|last2=Bhuiya|first2=Abdul Musabbir|title=Teaching of Arabic language in Barak Valley: a historical study (14th to 20th century)|url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/92871/7/07_chapter%203.pdf |year=2009|publisher=Assam University|location=Silchar|pages=59–60, 101}}</ref>

Modelled after the famous [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] (which had been established only a few years earlier), the Madinatul Uloom Bagbari was the first true madrasa in the region, having offered a standardised education in contrast to the informal institutions which had existed previously.<ref name="Khan2012"/> It initially provided courses up to "Shar-e-Jami", with the [[Academic degree|degree-level]] "Dawra-e-Hadith" course also being introduced after 1992.<ref>{{harvtxt|Rahman|Bhuiya|2009|pp=60, 74}}</ref>{{NoteTag|The names of the courses refer to the main texts then studied by students, with the latter also being known as the ''[[al-Sihah al-Sittah]]''.<ref>{{cite book|last=Riaz|first=Ali|authorlink=Ali Riaz|title=Faithful Education: Madrassahs in South Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kUIEAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA245|year=2008|publisher=Rutgers University Press|isbn=978-0-8135-4562-2|pages=122, 245}}</ref>}}

==Reputation==
Over the course of its history, the Madinatul Uloom Bagbari came to play a very prominent role in producing [[Arabic language]] scholars in the Greater Sylhet region, a reputation it maintains to the present-day.<ref name="Rahman2009"/> The madrasa currently contains an [[Arabic]] epigraph from 1509 that denotes the construction of a mosque in Surjyadas village by Sher Malik, an officer of the [[Sultan of Bengal]] [[Alauddin Husain Shah]].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Mitra, Pratip Kumar|title=An Inscription of Sultan Ala al-din Husain Shah from Cachar, Assam|journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society|publisher=[[The Asiatic Society]]|volume=53|year=2011}}</ref>

==Staff==
Najib Ali Choudhury's descendant Abdul Bari Choudhury, was appointed as the principal of Madinatul Uloom Bagbari in 1948 after returning from his studies at [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]. In the same year, his great-grandson [[Abdul Munim Choudhury]] was made the first Shaykhul Hadith (Professor of Hadith). Among Choudhury's other descendants is Jamil Ahmad Choudhury, who is a teacher at the ''madrasa'', as well as Saeed Ahmad Choudhury and Abdul Ahad Choudhury, who are members of the executive committee.<ref name=tajul>{{citation|author=Qasemi, Ataur Rahman|publisher=Madinatul Uloom Bagbari|editor=Choudhury, Tajul|title=একটি উজ্জল ইতিহাস|language=bn|year=2021}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notefoot}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Deobandi madrasas]]
[[Category:Madrasas in India]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1873]]
[[Category:Islamic universities and colleges in India]]
[[Category:Karimganj district]]
[[Category:Islam in India]]
[[Category:1873 establishments in India]]

DD Science

2024-04-12T05:25:29Z

MarkKapoor: Adding A Details

{{short description|2019 Indian television series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox television
| image =
| caption =
| genre = Science educational series
| creator = [[Vigyan Prasar]], [[Doordarshan]]
| country = [[India]]
| language = Hindi
| num_episodes = 112
| released = {{start date|2019|1|15|df=y}}
}}

'''''DD Science''''' is a 2019 Indian science television series that aired on national television [[Doordarshan]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Science & Technology and Doordarshan launch DD Science & India Science Channels |url=https://dst.gov.in/pressrelease/department-science-technology-and-doordarshan-launch-dd-science-india-science-channels |publisher=dst.gov.in}}</ref> It is a one-hour program on science and technology created by [[Vigyan Prasar]],<ref>{{cite news |title=DD Science, India Science channels launched |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/science/dd-science-india-science-channels-launched/article25999642.ece |work=[[Business Line]] |language=en}}</ref> an autonomous organization under the [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]] (DST), in association with the public broadcaster, [[Doordarshan]].<ref name="IT">{{cite news |title=2 science channels coming up in India to make science more popular |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/2-science-channels-coming-up-in-india-to-make-science-more-popular-1431935-2019-01-16 |work=[[India Today]] |date=16 January 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=DD Science, India Science channels launched |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/dd-science-india-science-channels-launched/articleshow/67542600.cms?from=mdr |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=15 January 2019}}</ref>

== Overview ==
DD Science is a [[Hindi-language]] show that aims to spread scientific awareness among people in [[India]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dixit |first1=Rekha |title=DD Science, India Science channels to promote scientific temperament |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2019/01/15/dd-science-india-science-channels-promote-scientific-temperament.html |work=[[The Week (Indian magazine)]] |date=15 January 2019 |language=en}}</ref> It was launched by [[Prasar Bharati]], an Indian public broadcasting agency on 15 January 2019. DD Science programs consist of science-based documentaries, studio-based discussions, virtual walkthroughs of scientific institutions, interviews, and short films.<ref name="vigyanprasar">{{cite web|title=One-hour dedicated slot for Science & Technology on Doordarshan National Channel|url=https://vigyanprasar.gov.in/dd-science/|publisher=Vigyanprasar.gov.in}}</ref>

== Episodes ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Episodes !! Title !! Duration
|-
| 1|| ''Tees Meter Telescope''|| 52:38
|-
| 2|| ''Ek Me Do Jayfal Javitri & ICT in Food''|| 52:50
|-
| 3|| ''Prakash aur Jeevan And Shapes and Tessellations The maths factors'' || 52:41
|-
| 4|| ''Harit Kranti And Advance computer''|| 53:32
|-
| 5|| ''Raksha anusandhan Vikas & Sounding It Out''|| 52:02
|-
| 6|| ''Kesar & IT Revolution''|| 53:36
|-
| 7|| ''ALHASAN & Wildlife Conservation''|| 54:44
|-
| 8|| ''Large Hadron Collider & The Indus Angle'' || 52:35
|-
| 9|| ''Lahasun chhupa rustam & Banking IT Revolution''|| 53:17
|-
| 10|| ''Saapekshata ka siddhaant & Network theory''|| 52:46
|-
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1ofCgg8T11vh6msy8WYhsg/videos DD Science] on [[YouTube]]

[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]
[[Category:DD National original programming]]
[[Category:2019 Indian television series debuts]]