Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Haripada Barman

2026-05-06T05:46:08Z

Marinazhg: new

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2026}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Haripada Barman
| office = Member of the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2026
| constituency = [[Hemtabad Assembly constituency]]
| predecessor = Satyajit Barman
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| profession = Politician
}}

'''Haripada Barman''' is an Indian politician and member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. He was elected as a Member of the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]] from the [[Hemtabad Assembly constituency|Hemtabad]] constituency in the [[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Haripada Barman(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- HEMTABAD (SC)(UTTAR DINAJPUR) - Affidavit Information of Candidate: |url=https://www.myneta.info/WestBengal2026/candidate.php?candidate_id=382 |access-date=2026-05-06 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Haripada Barman, HEMTABAD (SC) constituency, BJP, WestBengal Assembly Election 2026: Profile & Affidavit |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/candidates/WestBengal2026/haripada-barman-382/ |access-date=2026-05-06 |website=The Hindu |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Haripada Barman (BJP) Candidate from HEMTABAD (SC) Constituency, Haripada Barman Political Career, Age, Education, Election Result 2026 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/west-bengal/candidate-haripada-barman-13967 |access-date=2026-05-06 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barman, Haripada}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from West Bengal]]
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 2026–2031]]

Sampoorna (TV series)

2026-05-05T13:22:48Z

Marinazhg: starting new post w/ refs

{{Short description|Indian television drama series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Infobox television
| image =
| caption =
| genre = [[Drama (film and television)|Drama]]
| based_on = ''Noshtoneer''
| director =
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Sandipta Sen]]
* [[Aham Sharma]]
* [[Vishal Aditya Singh]]
}}Riyaa Kapoor
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| num_episodes = 85
| writer = Samragnee Bandyopadhyay
| producer =
| camera =
| runtime =
| company = [[Shree Venkatesh Films]]
| network = [[StarPlus]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2025|09|08|df=y}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2025|12|09|df=y}}
}}

'''''Sampoorna''''' is an [[India]]n [[Hindi-language]] [[Drama (film and television)|drama]] [[television series]] that aired from 8 September 2025 to 9 December 2025 on [[StarPlus]]. Produced by [[Shree Venkatesh Films]], it stars [[Sandipta Sen]], [[Aham Sharma]] and [[Vishal Aditya Singh]], marking the Hindi television debut of Sen and return of Sharma to television after a hiatus of six years.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Vishal Aditya Singh bags lead role in SVF's next 'Sampoorna' on StarPlus|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/vishal-aditya-singh-to-play-the-other-male-lead-in-aami-dakini-producers-next-show/articleshow/122438795.cms |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> It is the [[Hindi language|Hindi]] remake of the [[Bengali language|Bengali]] web series ''Noshtoneer'' starring Sen herself as the protagonist.<ref>{{Cite news |title=StarPlus Unveils The First Look Of SVF's next 'Sampoorna'|url=https://www.bizasialive.com/in-video-star-plus-unveils-promo-of-new-show-sampoorna/ |website=bizasialive.com |language=en}}</ref> As a planned finite series, the show completed it's run on 9 December 2025 completing 85 episodes.<ref>{{cite news|title= "Exclusive – Aham Sharma puts Sampoorna show cancelling due to low TRP rumours to rest, says 'The show was always meant to have a definite ending'| newspaper = Times of India|date=15 November 2025|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-aham-sharma-puts-sampoorna-show-cancelling-due-to-low-trp-rumours-to-rest-says-the-show-was-always-meant-to-have-a-definite-ending/articleshow/125340580.cms|access-date = 26 November 2025}}</ref>

==Plot==
The series revolves around the life of a happily married businesswoman Mitti Kapoor Malhotra. Her husband Dr. Aakash Malhotra, whom she married going against her family is the top [[Cardiothoracic surgery|heart surgeon]] of [[Chandigarh]]. Aakash is a man of high morals, respects women and helped Mitti establish her [[boutique]] business. The couple lives a happy life with their son, Chirag. Soon Aakash helps Mitti reconcile with her family. However their happiness is short lived, when amidst the celebration of their seventh wedding anniversary, Aakash's former intern Naina Singh attempts suicide after accusing him of exploiting her for his sexual needs after having a brief extramarital affair and ghosting her after she got impregnated with his unwanted child and blacklisting her from job opportunities through the misuse of his position which leads to immediate arrest of Aakash.

However Mitti refuses to believe her and blames her of exploiting Aakash for money extortion while assuming that the Investigating Officer [[Senior inspector|SI]] Satyendra Prasad Lohar, who also happens to be her former college friend and one-sided lover is intentionally torturing Aakash as a punishment for not getting her. Mitti's in-laws start detesting her for her breaking familiar rules and unusual ways to get Aakash bailed out while Naina demands for a DNA test in court to prove herself. However due to Aakash's junior Prithvi's goons harassing her family, Naina takes the complaint back claiming she did everything for money extortion and moves back to her hometown thus clearing Aakash of all charges.

While Naina slips into coma due to harassment by Prithvi's goons, Mitti starts noticing strange behavioral changes in Aakash and starts suspecting him and comes across Naina's cousin Simran who reveals how Aakash indeed used Naina by lying about his unhappy marriage and starting an affair in the pretext of divorce proceedings, false promise of marriage, a secret engagement and then leaving her after getting her impregnated. Simran also reveals that Aakash and Prithvi bribed her greedy father with a large sum of money to keep Naina away. Soon it is revealed that Prithvi, who happens to be the son of a local politician, works on Aakash's commands to keep his forged MBBS degree hidden.

Shattered Mitti decides to expose and divorce Aakash and get Naina justice but she is also revealed to be pregnant with another child of Aakash and decides to hold back until collecting proves against him. While collecting the proves she rekindles her old friendship with Satyendra. Soon Suhana, a nurse and another former victim of being used by Aakash for his sexual needs comes to the picture and exposes Aakash in front of his family and colleagues. An enraged Aakash locks Mitti and Chirag but his mother helps them escape. However he kidnaps Chirag which leads to Chirag's resentment towards him after the rescue.

Soon he tries to kill Naina twice but his plans fail after Naina is first shifted to Satyendra's home and then Suhana's home for her safety. When Naina goes into a pre-mature labour he decides to kill Naina and Mitti for once and all but his scheme gets overheard by his brother Rohit. Naina succumbs to her injuries but not before delivering her daughter who gets adopted by Mitti who survives but miscarries. Mitti names the baby ''Sampoorna'' and decides to hide about her existence which is known only to her, Suhana and Satyendra until the investigation against Aakash reopens.

When the investigation reopens, Prithvi burdened by guilt, confesses to his crimes in court and exposes Aakash while Rohit too exposes him and court orders the DNA test of Sampoorna and Aakash on Mitti's insistance. Aakash's paternity gets proven and he gets lifetime imprisonment thus prevailing Naina her justice. In the final chapter Mitti decides to raise her both children Chirag and Sampoorna as a proud mother and make them strong enough to fight for right and live their lives with dignity.

==Cast==
===Main===
* [[Sandipta Sen]] as Mitti Kapoor: Akash's ex-wife; Balbir and Gublinder's daughter; Vishal's sister; Chirag's mother; Sampoorna's step-mother
* [[Aham Sharma]] as Dr. Akash Malhotra: A [[prisoner]] and [[sex offender]]; Mitti's ex-husband; Sukhdev and Kuljeet's son; Rohit's brother; Chirag and Sampoorna's father
* [[Vishal Aditya Singh]] as [[Senior Inspector|SI]] Satyendra "Sattu" Prasad Lohar
* Riyaa Kapoor as Dr. Naina Singh: Aakash's victim, Sampoorna's mother(dead)

===Recurring===
* Kuku Diwan as Sukhdev Malhotra: Aakash's father
* Hardeep Kaur as Kuljeet Malhotra: Aakash's mother
* Saumil Chawla as Chirag Kapoor (previously Malhotra): Mitti and Aakash's son
* Ramandeep Singh Sur as Rohit Malhotra: Aakash's brother
*Maninder Gill as Smita Malhotra: Rohit's wife
* Kristy Goyal as Meher Malhotra: Rohit and Smita's daughter
* Sarbjeet Singh Myan as Balbir Kapoor: Mitti's father
* Preet Kirann as Gulbinder Kapoor: Mitti's mother
* Milan Singh Rana as Vishal Kapoor: Mitti's brother
* Naviya Saini as Roshni Kapoor: Vishal's wife
* Jashan as Golu Singh: Naina's brother
* Pawan Dhiman as Gagan Singh: Naina's uncle
* Sovii Arora as Neelam Singh: Naina's aunt
* Ekta Verma as Simran Singh: Naina's cousin
* Noor Kaur as Gudiya: Mitti's best-friend
* Ashman Kumar as Sandy: Gudiya's love-interest and live-in partner
* Nancy as Rachna: Naina's best-friend
* Vishwas Saraf as Dr. Prithvi Singh Bedi: Aakash's trusted junior
* Tanya Mahajan as Pushpa: Mitti's trusted househelp
* Ritik Ahuja as Karan: Naina's friend
* Nikhil Baweja as [[Inspector]] Balvinder Sandhu
* Harshita Singh as Suhana: A nurse who also became a victim to Aakash prior to Naina
* unknown as baby Sampoorna Singh: Naina and Aakash's daughter, Mitti's adoptive daughter

== Production ==
=== Casting ===
Kuku Diwan were confirmed to play Sukhdev Malhotra.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Malhi|first=Jasbir|date=7 September 2025|title=Sarghi Kala Kendra’s Kuku Diwan to feature in Star Plus serial
|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/sarghi-kala-kendras-kuku-diwan-to-feature-in-star-plus-serial-10236148/|access-date=11 September 2025|work=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:2025 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:StarPlus original programming]]
[[Category:Indian drama television series]]

Johny ML

2026-05-01T19:43:10Z

Marinazhg: creating

{{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox artist
| name = Johny ML
| image =
| caption =
| birth_name = Johny Mulluvilakom Lakshmanan
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1969|3|21}}
| birth_place = [[Vakkom]], [[Kerala]], India
| field = Culture critic, art curator, writer
| website = [http://johnyml.blogspot.in/ Johny ML]
}}

'''Johny ML''' (born 21 March 1969) is an Indian culture critic, art curator and writer based in New Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://photomail.org/portfolio-items/face-face-johny-ml/ |title=Face to Face – JOHNY ML – Photo Mail |access-date=2017-06-01 |archive-date=2017-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517063117/http://photomail.org/portfolio-items/face-face-johny-ml/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/|title=DNA India | Latest News, Live Breaking News on India, Politics, World, Business, Sports, Bollywood|website=DNA India|access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.yentha.com/news/view/4/INTERVIEW-OF-THE-WEEK-A-Curator-By-All-Means-Necessary |title=INTERVIEW OF THE WEEK: A Curator by All Means Necessary - Trivandrum News | Yentha.com |access-date=2016-08-16 |archive-date=2016-05-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505202852/http://www.yentha.com/news/view/4/INTERVIEW-OF-THE-WEEK-A-Curator-By-All-Means-Necessary |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/article530225.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821054312/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/article530225.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 August 2016|title = Art and religion influential: Johny ML|website=newindianexpress.com}}</ref>

==Biography==
He has three post-graduate degrees from the Goldsmiths College, University of London, MS University, Baroda, and the University of Kerala. He has contributed as an Editor / Writer to several online and print magazines, including the Stance Magazine,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://stancemagazine.in/Author_Profile/5 |title=Stance Magazine |access-date=2016-08-16 |archive-date=2016-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160722162228/http://stancemagazine.in/Author_Profile/5 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Art Tehelka,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://artehelka.wordpress.com/tag/johny-ml/|title=Johny ML|website=Artehelka.wordpress.com|access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref> Matters of Art,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mattersofart.net/|title=鲁丝片一区鲁丝片二区鲁丝片三区,乱码1区2区3区4区,乱码高清一区二区三区,乱码一区二区三区四区|website=Mattersofart.net|access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref> Narada News Malayalam<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://malayalam.naradanews.com/2016/08/police-force-that-resist-change-in-the-high-tide-of-change/ |title=മാറുന്ന കാലത്തെ മാറാത്ത പോലീസ് |access-date=2016-08-16 |archive-date=2016-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816084322/http://malayalam.naradanews.com/2016/08/police-force-that-resist-change-in-the-high-tide-of-change/ |url-status=usurped }}</ref> and Cart on Art.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://anpaenhuysen.blogspot.in/2015/10/art-blogger-of-week-johny-ml-in-dehli.html|title = Art Blogger of the Week: Johny ML in Dehli, India|website=Anpaenhuysen.blogspot.in}}</ref> He was the chief curator of the first edition of United Art Fair, 2012.<ref>[http://in.blouinartinfo.com/market-news/article/829338-the-united-art-fair-artinfo-indias-first-impressions] {{Dead link|date=March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/exclusive/united-art-fair-2012-an-overwhelming-artistry-celebration_4847.html|title=United Art Fair 2012: An overwhelming artistry celebration|website=Zeenews.india.com|date=28 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artsy.net/article/editorial-15-emerging-artists-to-discover-at-the|title=15 Emerging Artists to Discover at the India Art Fair|date=29 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://artradarjournal.com/2012/08/08/delhis-artist-led-united-art-fair-opposes-monopolised-aesthetic/ |title=Delhi's artist-led United Art Fair opposes 'monopolised aesthetic' | Art Radar |access-date=2016-08-16 |archive-date=2016-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003081301/http://artradarjournal.com/2012/08/08/delhis-artist-led-united-art-fair-opposes-monopolised-aesthetic/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/arts/how-a-courier-boy-became-director-of-the-united-art-fair | title=How a Courier Boy became Director of the United Art Fair | date=3 October 2012 }}</ref> He also has curated several shows.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.po10tial.in/event.php?event_id=14 |title=PO10tail | Finding PO10tial |access-date=2016-08-16 |archive-date=2016-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915210338/http://www.po10tial.in/event.php?event_id=14 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artpeoplegallery.com/urban-metro/|title=Urban metro|date=19 December 2015|access-date=16 August 2016|archive-date=26 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126154456/https://www.artpeoplegallery.com/urban-metro/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.visionsarts.com/Artwork/2197/ArtWorkDetail.html |title=Gallery for Modern and Contemporary Indian Art |access-date=2016-08-16 |archive-date=2016-08-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802224640/http://visionsarts.com/ArtWork/2197/ArtWorkDetail.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.collection.waswoxwaswo.com/new-talents-gallery.php?galleryid=18|title=The Waswo X. Waswo Collection of Indian Printmaking|website=Collection.waswoxwaswo.com|access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref> He started his own blog in the year 2008 and writes about culture, art, politics, society and people.{{fact|date=April 2025}}

==Shows curated==
Johny ML has curated several shows in his two decades career as a reputed curator.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.criticalcollective.in/CuratorInner2.aspx?Aid=33 |title=Criticalcollective.in |access-date=2016-08-22 |archive-date=2016-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828151005/http://www.criticalcollective.in/CuratorInner2.aspx?Aid=33 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Dreams: Projects Unrealised, 2003<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aicongallery.com/exhibitions/invisible-cities/artist-bios|title = Invisible Cities - Exhibitions |website=Aicongallery.com}}</ref>
Lensing-it, 2011
Thekkan Kaattu (47th Annual Exhibition of the Birla Academy, Kolkata)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mattersofart.net/reviews-details.aspx?mpgid=5&pgid=5&rid=59 | title=鲁丝片一区鲁丝片二区鲁丝片三区,乱码1区2区3区4区,乱码高清一区二区三区,乱码一区二区三区四区 |website=Mattersofart.net}}</ref>
LoC- Line of Control(49th Annual Exhibition of the Birla Academy, Kolkata)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://birlaart.com/49th-annual-exhibition-2016 |title=49th Annual Exhibition 2016 | Birla Academy of Art & Culture |access-date=2016-08-22 |archive-date=2016-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810164244/http://birlaart.com/49th-annual-exhibition-2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Cartist Project, Jaipur<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.rajmore.com/p/news.html | title=国产成免费视频在线观看_免费一级裸片视频_国内精品一级毛片免费看_国产网红视频 | access-date=2016-08-22 | archive-date=2016-08-29 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160829051415/http://www.rajmore.com/p/news.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sunday-special/people/get-your-car-a-coat-of-art/230109.html |title=Get your car a coat of art |access-date=2016-08-22 |archive-date=2016-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820144752/http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sunday-special/people/get-your-car-a-coat-of-art/230109.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
R.A.P.E – Rare Acts of Political Engagement<ref>{{cite web | url=http://noidadiary.blogspot.in/2013/04/rape-rare-acts-of-political-engagement.html | title=Noida Diary: R.A.P.E. - Rare Acts of Political Engagement |website=Noidadiary.blogspot.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/art-and-culture/not-dented-but-painted/story-2UwffeyNDEJ03kwJdyPrkO.html | title=Not dented, but PAINTED |website=Hindustantimes.com| date=11 April 2013 }}</ref>
Vibrant Gujarat<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/IlmkIyy4bdfXXMdEVDk4kM/Lounge-Web-Alert--Vibrant-Gujarat-and-Ratan-Tata-celebrated.html | title=Lounge Web Alert | Vibrant Gujarat and Ratan Tata celebrated in a Vadodara mural |website=Livemint.com| date=18 February 2009 }}</ref>
"A4 ARPLE", group show, Gallery Ragini, 2012<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.delhievents.com/2011/12/arple-group-show-curated-by-johny-ml-at.html | title="A4 ARPLE" a group show curated by Johny ML at Gallery Ragini, F-213 C, Lado Sarai > 11am-7pm on 25th November 2011-30th January 2012|website=Dehlievents.com| date=30 January 2012}}</ref>

==Books==
JohnyML has authored many independent books and has contributed to various volumes.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://ceangalart.blogspot.in/2011/05/indian-perspective-of-artists.html | title=An Indian perspective of Artist's residencies by Johny Mulluvilakom Lakshmanan|website=Ceangalart.blogspot.in}}</ref> K.S.Radhakrishan (a monograph co-authored with R.Sivakumar),<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/art/a-life-in-bronze/article407754.ece |title = A life in bronze|newspaper = [[The Hindu]]|date = 2010-04-22}}</ref> By All Means Necessary (a collection of essays from his blog published by the [[Kerala Lalithakala Akademi]]),<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://lalithkala.org/content/publications | title=Publications | Kerala Lalithakala Akademi|website=Lalithkala.org}}</ref> The Circle of Life –the Art of Siddharth (Prakriti, Chennai),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sidharthstudio.com/download/catalouge/Circle_of_Light.pdf|title=Sidharthstudio.com|website=Sidharthstudio.com|access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref> B.D.Dethan and his Distinct Style (Suryakanthi, Thiruvananthapuram),<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/books/art-and-the-man/article3307193.ece |title = Art and the man|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 2012-04-12|last1 = Cheerath|first1 = Bhawani}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url = http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article378966.ece?service=print| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160822154112/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article378966.ece?service=print| url-status = dead| archive-date = 22 August 2016| title = Portrait of an artist|newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref> Straight from Life – animal and bird imageries in [[Ramkinkar Baij]] (Musui Foundation, New Delhi),<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://artexpoindia.blogspot.in/2012/02/ramkinkar-baij-retrospective.html |title = Art Expo India: Ramkinkar Baij retrospective|website=Artespoindia.blogspot.in|date = 2012-02-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120219/jsp/7days/story_15152579.jsp#.V7qEi6Jj5_k | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515111721/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120219/jsp/7days/story_15152579.jsp#.V7qEi6Jj5_k | url-status=dead | archive-date=15 May 2012 |title = Ode to a man who loved water lilies|website=Telegraphindia.com}}</ref> In the Open (Ojas, New Delhi),<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://madhusreechatterjee.wordpress.com/tag/k-s-radhakrishnan/ |title = K.S. Radhakrishnan|website=Madhusreechatterjee.wordpress.com}}</ref> Bronze Age (Uttarayan, Baroda) and Biography of [[Arvind Kejriwal]] (Malayalam published by [[DC Books]]).<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://onlinestore.dcbooks.com/books/arvind-kejriwal-india-sampoorna-janadipathyathilekku |title = Arvind Kejriwal : India Sampoorna Janadipathyathilekku|website=Onlinestore.dcbooks.com}}</ref>

JohnyML has also translated many international literature into Malayalam. ‘Mistress’ by Anita Nair,<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://bookstoexport.blogspot.in/2006/07/mistress.html | title=INDULEKHA» BOOKS MALAYALAM: Mistress|website=Bookstoexport.blogspot.in}}</ref> ‘Eleven Minutes’ by Paulo Coelho,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indulekha.com/eleven-minutes-novel-malayalam-paulo-coelho|title=Eleven Minutes (Malayalam) |website=Indulekha.com|access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref> ‘Embers’ by Sandor Marai,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indulekha.com/malayalam-books/pop-fiction/malayalam-books/world-literature/kanalukal-novel-sandor-marai |title=Kanalukal @ INDULEKHA | Kerala's No.1 Online Bookstore |access-date=2016-08-22 |archive-date=2017-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217185928/http://www.indulekha.com/malayalam-books/pop-fiction/malayalam-books/world-literature/kanalukal-novel-sandor-marai |url-status=dead }}</ref> 'I Married a Communist' by Philip Roth,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indulekha.com/index.php?route=product%2Fproduct&author_id=1496&product_id=3541 |title=Njan Vivaham Kazhichathu Oru Sakhavine (Old Edition @ INDULEKHA | Kerala's No.1 Online Bookstore |access-date=2022-02-07 |archive-date=2017-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217185848/http://www.indulekha.com/index.php?route=product%2Fproduct&author_id=1496&product_id=3541 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ‘Famished Road’ by Ben Okri,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indulekha.com/visappinte-vazhi-the-famished-road-malayalam-novel-ben-okri |title=Visappinte Vazhi @ INDULEKHA | Kerala's No.1 Online Bookstore |access-date=2016-08-22 |archive-date=2017-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217185623/http://www.indulekha.com/visappinte-vazhi-the-famished-road-malayalam-novel-ben-okri |url-status=dead }}</ref> ‘Black Book’ by Orhan Pamuk,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dcbooks.com/orhan-pamuks-black-book-translated-to-malayalam-as-karutha-pusthaka.html |title=Orhan Pamuk's novel black book translated to Malayalam as karutha pusthakam |access-date=2016-08-22 |archive-date=2016-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828041942/http://www.dcbooks.com/orhan-pamuks-black-book-translated-to-malayalam-as-karutha-pusthaka.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ‘New Life’ by Orhan Pamuk,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indulekha.com/puthu-jeevitham-novel-orhan-pamuk-the-new-life |title=Puthu Jeevitham @ INDULEKHA | Kerala's No.1 Online Bookstore |access-date=2016-08-22 |archive-date=2017-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218010334/http://www.indulekha.com/puthu-jeevitham-novel-orhan-pamuk-the-new-life |url-status=dead }}</ref> ‘Inferno’ by Dan Brown<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indulekha.com/inferno-novel-malayalam-dan-brown|title=Inferno (Malayalam)|website=Indulekha.com|access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref> and many others.

==Documentary==
Johny ML has directed three documentaries on artists: Jeram Patel, [[N. N. Rimzon]] and Sanjeev Sinha.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.art-it.asia/u/ab_johnyml |title=Johny ML |access-date=2016-08-22 |archive-date=2016-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822152848/http://www.art-it.asia/u/ab_johnyml |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.art-it.asia/u/ab_johnyml/bQDNayr1PIW8kV6usGnw |title='Memorials for Something'- Making a Documentary on Artists Sanjeev Sinha and Dianne Hagen |access-date=2016-08-22 |archive-date=2016-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823000650/http://www.art-it.asia/u/ab_johnyml/bQDNayr1PIW8kV6usGnw |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://artehelka.wordpress.com/2015/03/12/texting-the-subtexts-extending-documentations-in-time/ |title = Texting the Subtexts: Extending Documentations in Time|website=Artehelka.wordpress.com|date = 2015-03-12}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://johnyml.blogspot.in/ Johny ML]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:ML, Johny}}
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian art curators]]
[[Category:Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Indian art critics]]
[[Category:Alumni of Goldsmiths, University of London]]

Jayanarayan Mohanty

2026-04-25T03:10:32Z

Marinazhg: done

{{Short description|Indian politician (1951–2024)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Jayanarayan Mohanty
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| order =
| office =
| status = 
| term_end = 
| alongside = 

| pronunciation =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1951|10|11|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Balasore district]], [[Odisha|Orissa]], India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2024|01|20|1951|10|11|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Bhubaneswar]], Odisha, India
| citizenship =
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| other_party = 
| height = 
| partner = 
| relations =
| children =
| parents = 
| mother = 
| father = 
| relatives =
| education =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession =
| known_for =
| salary =
| net_worth = 
| cabinet =
| committees =
| portfolio =
| awards = 
| blank1 =
| data1 =
| blank2 =
| data2 =
| blank3 =
| data3 =
| blank4 =
| data4 =
| blank5 =
| data5 =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| module = {{Infobox officeholder 
| embed = yes
| name =
| alt =
| caption =
| constituency_AM = 
| assembly = 
| majority = 
| term_start = 
| term_end = 
| predecessor = 
| successor = 

| constituency_AM1 = [[Jaleswar, Odisha Assembly constituency|Jaleswar]]
| assembly1 = Odisha
| majority1 =
| term_start1 = 15 March 1995
| term_end1 = 6 February 2004
| predecessor1 = [[Aswini Kumar Patra]] (BJD)
| successor1 = Aswini Kumar Patra (BJD)
}}
| module2 =
| module3 =
| module4 =
| module5 =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Jayanarayan Mohanty''' ({{langx|or|ଜୟନାରାୟଣ ମହାନ୍ତି}}; 11 October 1951 – 20 January 2024) was an Indian politician who was active in [[Odisha]] politics. Representing the [[Indian National Congress]], he served two terms as an MLA in [[Odisha Legislative Assembly]]. In the 1995 and 2000 Odisha Legislative Assembly elections, respectively, he was elected to the 11th and 12th Odisha Legislative Assembly from [[Jaleswar, Odisha Assembly constituency|Jaleswar constituency]].<ref name="Jayanarayan Mohanty">{{cite web|url=https://odishaassembly.nic.in/memberprofile.aspx?img=12 |title=Shri Jayanarayan Mohanty |website=odishaassembly.nic.in|publisher=Odisha Assembly|accessdate=12 June 2019}}</ref>

==Early and personal life==
Jayanarayan Mohanty was born on 11 October 1951 in [[Balasore district]], the son of Sambhunath Mohanty.<ref name="Jayanarayan Mohanty"/> He had a bachelor's degree in commerce. He was married to Shuklata Mohanty with whom he had four children.<ref name="Jayanarayan Mohanty"/>

==Political career==
In the 1995 [[Odisha Legislative Assembly]] elections, Mohanty contested as a candidate of the Indian National Congress from the Jaleshwar constituency. He won this election and was elected to the 11th Odisha Legislative Assembly. Later, in the 2000 Odisha Legislative Assembly elections, he again contested as a candidate of the [[Indian National Congress]] from the Jaleshwar constituency. He won this election and was elected to the 12th Odisha Legislative Assembly.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |title=Odisha Reference Annual – 2011: List of Members of Odisha Legislative Assembly (1951–2004) |accessdate=2014-02-20 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217121136/http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |archivedate=2013-12-17 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Jaleswar Assembly Constituency, Orissa|url=https://www.elections.in/orissa/assembly-constituencies/jaleswar.html|publisher=Compare Infobase Limited|accessdate=20 February 2014}}</ref>

==Death==
Mohanty died on 20 January 2024, at the age of 72.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.prameyanews.com/former-mla-jaynarayan-mohanty-passes-away-at-73|title=Former MLA Jaynarayan Mohanty passes away at 73|publisher=Prameyanews|date=20 January 2024}}</ref><ref name="Acharya 2024 u794">{{cite web | last=Acharya | first=Boudhayan | title=ଆରପାରିରେ ପୂର୍ବତନ ବିଧାୟକ ଜୟନାରାୟଣ ମହାନ୍ତି | website=Sambad | date=20 January 2024 | url=https://sambad.in/district/jayanarayan-mohanty-died-1114801/ | access-date=20 January 2024}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mohanty, Jayanarayan}}
[[Category:1951 births]]
[[Category:2024 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Balasore district]]
[[Category:Orissa MLAs 1995–2000]]
[[Category:Orissa MLAs 2000–2004]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Odisha]]

Dipankar Datta

2026-04-23T07:28:56Z

Marinazhg: starting post.

{{Short description|Judge of the Supreme Court of India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Dipankar Datta
| image = [[File:Justice Dipankar Datta.jpg|alt|250px]]
| office = Judge of the [[Supreme Court of India]]
| term_start = 12 December 2022
| term_end =
| appointer = [[Droupadi Murmu]]
| nominator = [[Uday Umesh Lalit]]
| office1 = 45th [[Chief Justice]] of the [[Bombay High Court]]
| term_start1 = 28 April 2020
| term_end1 = 11 December 2022
| appointer1 = [[Ram Nath Kovind]]
| nominator1 = [[Sharad Arvind Bobde]]
| predecessor1 = [[B. P. Dharmadhikari]]
| successor1 = [[Ramesh Deokinandan Dhanuka|R. D. Dhanuka]]
| office2 = Judge of the [[Calcutta High Court]]
| appointer2 = [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]]
| nominator2 = [[Yogesh Kumar Sabharwal]]
| term_start2 = 22 June 2006
| term_end2 = 27 April 2020
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1965|2|9|df=y}}
| alma_mater = [[University of Calcutta]]
| birth_place = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]]
| relations = [[Amitava Roy]] (brother-in-law)
}}

'''Dipankar Datta''' (born 9 February 1965) is an [[Indian People|Indian]] [[jurist]] who is currently serving as a judge of the [[Supreme Court of India]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Bombay HC Chief Justice Dipankar Datta elevated to Supreme Court |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/bombay-hc-chief-justice-dipankar-datta-elevated-to-supreme-court-101670786228728.html |access-date=6 February 2023 |work=Hindustan Times |date=12 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref> He is a former chief justice of the [[Bombay High Court]] and former judge of the [[Calcutta High Court]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.calcuttahighcourt.nic.in/bio/dipankar_datta.html |title=Calcutta High Court biography |access-date=4 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203232457/http://www.calcuttahighcourt.nic.in/bio/dipankar_datta.html |archive-date=3 February 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Datta was born in 1965 in a [[Bengali people|Bengali]] family. He came from a family with legal background. His father late Salil Kumar Datta, was a former Judge of the [[Calcutta High Court]]. His brother in law Justice [[Amitava Roy]], is a former Judge of the Supreme Court of India.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hakim |first=Sharmeen |date=2022-12-12 |title=Who Is Justice Dipankar Datta? |url=https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/who-is-justice-dipankar-datta-216416 |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=www.livelaw.in |language=en}}</ref> Datta acquired his Bachelor of Laws from the [[Hazra Law College]], [[Calcutta University|University of Calcutta]]. He was in the first batch of 5 years Law course in the year 1989.<ref>{{cite news |last1=সংবাদদাতা |first1=নিজস্ব |title=বিমান-ট্রেন বন্ধ, কাজে যোগ দিতে গাড়িতেই মুম্বই-শিলং পাড়ি বিচারপতিদের |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/state/lockdown-in-india-kolkata-justice-to-drive-down-mumbai-to-take-oath-as-chief-justice-dgtl-1.1141116?ref=home-pq-six-stry-6 |accessdate=24 April 2020 |work=anandabazar.com |language=bn}}</ref>

==Career==
After completing his [[Bachelor of Laws]] he was enrolled as an [[advocate]] on 16 November 1989. He started practising at the High Court at Calcutta and worked as a state panel lawyer also. He also practised at the [[Supreme Court of India]] and other High Courts at other states in India. He has specialized in Constitutional matters and Civil cases. Datta was the Counsel for the Union of India since 1998. He had appeared on behalf of the [[School Education Department, West Bengal|School Education Department]], [[University of Calcutta]], West Bengal Board in Secondary Education and the West Bengal School Service Commission. He was the Junior Standing Counsel for the [[State of West Bengal]] from 16 May 2002 to 16 January 2004. Datta was a guest lecturer in the [[Hazra Law College]] from the year 1996–1997 to 1999–2000.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

===In High Courts===
He was elevated to the [[Bench (law)|Bench]] of the [[Calcutta High Court]] as a permanent Judge on 22 June 2006 and served there till April 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Calcutta High Court - Judges|url=https://www.calcuttahighcourt.gov.in/Judges/32|access-date=2021-08-13|website=www.calcuttahighcourt.gov.in}}</ref>

On 23 April 2020, he was appointed as the chief justice of the [[Bombay High Court]] and took oath on 28 April 2020.<ref>{{cite news |title=President appoints Calcutta HC judge Dipankar Dutta as Chief Justice of Bombay High Court |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/president-appoints-calcutta-hc-judge-dipankar-dutta-as-chief-justice-of-bombay-hc-6376225/ |accessdate=24 April 2020 |work=The Indian Express |date=23 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Hon'ble Justices|title=HON'BLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE|url=https://bombayhighcourt.nic.in/processjshowReq.php?bhcpar=bmlkPTE=|url-status=live|access-date=13 August 2021|website=bombayhighcourt.nic.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920234150/https://bombayhighcourt.nic.in/processjshowReq.php?bhcpar=bmlkPTE= |archive-date=20 September 2020 }}</ref>

===In Supreme Court===
On 12 December 2022, he was elevated as a judge of the [[Supreme Court of India]]. He is due to retire on 8 February 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-13 |title=Justice Dipankar Datta sworn-in as Supreme Court judge |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/justice-dipankardatta-sworn-in-as-supreme-court-judge-8320986/ |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-12-12 |title=Ex-Bombay HC Chief Justice Dipankar Datta takes oath as Supreme Court judge |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ex-bombay-hc-chief-justice-dipankar-datta-takes-oath-as-supreme-court-judge/article66253854.ece |access-date=2022-12-15 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Controversies ==
In August 2025, Justice Dipankar Datta faced criticism for his remarks during a Supreme Court hearing of a criminal defamation case against Rahul Gandhi, the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha. The case stemmed from Gandhi's statements during the Bharat Jodo Yatra in December 2022, where he alleged that Chinese troops had occupied 2,000 square kilometers of Indian territory and were "thrashing Indian Army soldiers" in Arunachal Pradesh. Justice Datta questioned the credibility of Gandhi's claims, stating, "How do you get to know that 2,000 square kilometres of Indian territory was occupied by China? What is the credible material? If you are a true Indian, you would not say this." He further asked why such statements were made on social media instead of in Parliament. These remarks drew objections from Congress leaders and the INDIA bloc, who deemed them "unwarranted" and an overreach into political rights, with Odisha Congress president Bhakta Charan Das asserting that Justice Datta had "no business questioning Rahul Gandhi's Indianness." Priyanka Gandhi Vadra also defended her brother, stating that it is not the judiciary's role to determine who qualifies as a "true Indian." Despite the controversy, the Supreme Court stayed the defamation proceedings against Gandhi.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-08-05 |title=Justice Dipankar Datta had no business questioning Rahul Gandhi's Indianness, says Odisha Congress president Bhakta Charan Das |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/justice-dipankar-datta-had-no-business-questioning-rahul-gandhis-indianness-says-odisha-congress-president-bhakta-charan-das/articleshow/123109974.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-08-05 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Supreme Court Stays Rahul Gandhi Defamation Case; Says, 'If You Were True Indian, You Wouldn't Say All This' |url=https://thewire.in/law/supreme-court-rahul-gandhi-defamation-case-true-indian |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=The Wire |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-08-05 |title=INDIA bloc says Supreme Court observations on Rahul Gandhi is 'unwarranted'; Priyanka Gandhi says judges can't decide who is a true Indian |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-bloc-says-supreme-court-observations-on-rahul-gandhi-is-unwarranted-priyanka-gandhi/article69896493.ece |access-date=2025-08-05 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Datta, Dipankar}}
[[Category:1965 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Judges of the Calcutta High Court]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian judges]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian lawyers]]
[[Category:Chief justices of the Bombay High Court]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Justices of the Supreme Court of India]]

Yerragondapalem Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:37:49Z

Marinazhg: starting some stub nd citations

{{Short description|Constituency of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Yerragondapalem
| map_image = Legislative Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh (102-Yerragondapalem highlighted).png
| map_caption = Location of Yerragondapalem Assembly constituency within Andhra Pradesh
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| mla = [[Tatiparthi Chandrasekhar]]
| party = {{Party index link|YSR Congress Party}}
| state = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| district = [[Markapuram district|Markapuram]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Ongole Lok Sabha constituency|Ongole]]
| reservation = SC
| electors = 200,379
| constituency_no = 102
| established = 2008
| type = SLA
}}
'''Yerragondapalem Assembly constituency''' is a [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Caste]] reserved constituency in [[Markapuram district]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]] that elects representatives to the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] in [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ceoandhra.nic.in/ceoap_new/ceo/documents/Electors_Summary%20_25.03.2019.pdf|title=Electors Summary|date=25 May 2019|website=Chief Electoral Officer, Andhra Pradesh|access-date=24 May 2019}}</ref> It is one of the seven assembly segments of [[Ongole Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name="constituencies">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|date=17 December 2018|website=The Election Commission of India|pages=22, 31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003220916/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|archive-date=3 October 2018|url-status=dead|access-date=24 May 2019}}</ref>

[[Tatiparthi Chandrasekhar]] is the current [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] of the constituency, having won [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] from [[YSR Congress Party]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://results.eci.gov.in/ac/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS011.htm|title=Assembly Election 2019|website=Election Commission of India|access-date=24 May 2019}}</ref> As of 2019, there are a total of 200,379 electors in the constituency.<ref name="electors">{{cite web|url=http://ceoandhra.nic.in/ceoap_new/ceo/documents/Electors_Summary%20_25.03.2019.pdf|title=Electors Summary|date=25 May 2019|website=Chief Electoral Officer, Andhra Pradesh|access-date=24 May 2019}}</ref> The constituency was established in 2008, as per the ''Delimitation Orders (2008)''.<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| title= Cumbum Assembly Election Results| url= http://archive.eci.gov.in/March2004/pollupd/ac/states/s01/Partycomp120.htm| access-date= 30 Sep 2007| archive-date= 30 September 2007| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070930082331/http://archive.eci.gov.in/March2004/pollupd/ac/states/s01/Partycomp120.htm| url-status= dead}}</ref>

== Mandals ==
{{srn}}
{|class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-hash"
!Mandal
|-
| Yerragondapalem
|-
| Pullalacheruvu
|-
| Tripuranthakam
|-
| Dornala
|-
| Peda Araveedu
|}

==Members of the Legislative Assembly==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Member
! colspan="2" | Political party
|-
| [[1955 Andhra State Legislative Assembly election|1955]]
| [[Nakka Venkatayya]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 1960 by-election
| [[J. Rami Reddy]]
|-
| [[1962 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| rowspan=2 |[[Poola Subbaiah]]
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1967 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|-
| [[1972 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| [[Kandula Obul Reddy]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2009 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2009]]
| [[Audimulapu Suresh]]
|-
| [[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2014]]
| [[David Raju Palaparthi]]
| {{Full party name with color|YSR Congress Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
| [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2019]]
| [[Audimulapu Suresh]]
|-
| [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| [[Tatiparthi Chandrasekhar]]
|}

==Election results ==
=== 2024 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Yerragondapalem<ref name="Yerragondapalem segment continues to be a bastion of YSRC">{{cite news |last1=The New Indian Express |first1= |title=Yerragondapalem segment continues to be a bastion of YSRC |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2024/Jun/12/yerragondapalem-segment-continues-to-be-a-bastion-of-ysrc |access-date=1 July 2024 |date=12 June 2024 |archive-date= |language=en}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = YSR Congress Party
|candidate = [[Tatiparthi Chandrasekhar]]
|votes = 91,741
|percentage = 49.4
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Telugu Desam Party
|candidate = [[Guduri Erixion Babu]]
|votes = 86,541
|percentage = 46.6
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Ajitha Rao Budhala
|votes = 2,192
|percentage = 1.18
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = NOTA
|candidate = None Of The Above
|votes = 2,231
|percentage = 1.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 5,200
|percentage = 2.79
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,85,725
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = YSR Congress Party
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2019 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Yerragondapalem}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=YSR Congress Party|candidate=[[Audimulapu Suresh]]|votes=99,408|percentage=56.34|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Telugu Desam Party|candidate=[[Ajitha Rao Budala]]|votes=67,776|percentage=38.41|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Janasena Party|candidate=Gowtham Raj Pakanati|votes=2,942|percentage=1.67|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the Above]]|votes=2,997|percentage=1.7|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=31,632|percentage=17.93|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,73,123|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = YSR Congress Party
|loser = Telugu Desam Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2014===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Yerragondapalem}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=YSR Congress Party|candidate=[[David Raju Palaparthi]]|votes=85,774|percentage=54.33|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Telugu Desam Party|candidate=[[Ajitha Rao Budala]]|votes=66,703|percentage=42.25|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=19,071|percentage=12.08|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=157,884|percentage=83.76|change=+9.70}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = YSR Congress Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2009 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Yerragondapalem}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Audimulapu Suresh]]|votes=67,040|percentage=50.08|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Telugu Desam Party|candidate=[[David Raju Palaparthi]]|votes=53,846|percentage=40.22|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Praja Rajyam Party|candidate=[[Nandigam Jesi Babu]]|votes=6,120|percentage=4.57|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=13,194|percentage=9.76|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=133,874|percentage=74.06|change=}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1972===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Yerragondapalem}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[ Kandula Obula Reddy]]|party= Indian National Congress |votes=23,166 |percentage=51.28% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Poola Subbaiah]]|party=Communist Party of India|votes=19,072|percentage=42.22%|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,094 |percentage=9.06% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=46,557|percentage=55.72%|change=}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 83,553 |change = }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner= Indian National Congress ||loser= Communist Party of India |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

=== 1967 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Yerragondapalem}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[ Poola Subbaiah]]|party= Communist Party of India |votes=26,451 |percentage=60.97% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Y Ramaiah]]|party=Independent politician|votes=13,780|percentage=31.76%|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=12,671 |percentage=29.21% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=45,421|percentage=62.35%|change=}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 72,848 |change = }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner= Communist Party of India ||loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

===1962===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1962 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Yerragondapalem}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[Poola Subbaiah]]|party= Communist Party of India |votes=25,304 |percentage=59.41% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Janke Rami Reddy]]|party=Indian National Congress|votes=14,913|percentage=35.02%|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=10,391 |percentage=24.40% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=44,524|percentage=67.35%|change=}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 66,112 |change = }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner= Communist Party of India ||loser= Indian National Congress |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

===1955===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1955 Andhra State Legislative Assembly election]]: Yerragondapalem}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[ Nakka Venkatayya]]|party= Indian National Congress |votes=12,323|percentage=41.37% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[ Ravulapalli Chenchaiah ]]|party=Communist Party of India|votes=9,755|percentage=32.75%|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,568 |percentage=8.62% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=29,790|percentage=53.11%|change=}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 56,096 |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner= Indian National Congress ||loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh}}
{{coord|16.04|79.30|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Markapuram district]]
[[Category:Politics of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]

Bikaner West Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:24:48Z

Marinazhg: starting new stub

{{Short description|Constituency of the Rajasthan legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Bikaner West
| map_image = Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan-13-Bikaner West.svg
| established = 2008
| state = [[Rajasthan]]
| district = [[Bikaner district]]
| type = SLA
| reservation = None
| constituency_no = 13
| mla = [[Jethanand Vyas]]
| party = [[Bhartiya Janta Party]]
}}
'''Bikaner West Assembly constituency''' is one of the 200 [[List of constituencies of Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha|constituencies]] of [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]]. This territory comes under [[Bikaner Lok Sabha constituency]].

Bikaner West constituency covers all voters from parts of [[Bikaner|Bikaner tehsil]], which include Bikaner Municipal Cooperation wards, 1 to 4, 14 to 19, 21, 29 to 35, 44 to 49 and 53 to 55, and Karmisar of [[Bikaner|ILRC Bikaner]].<ref name="election2008">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order 2008]</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[2008 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2008]]<ref name=election2008 name="election2008-1">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3407-rajasthan-2008/|title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election 2008 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>
| rowspan=2 |Gopal Krishna Joshi
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2013 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2013]]<ref name=election2013>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3411-rajasthan-2013/ |title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election 2013 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>
|-
| [[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2018]]
| [[Bulaki Das Kalla]]<ref name=election2018/>
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| [[Jethanand Vyas]]<ref name=election2023/>
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|}

==Election results==
=== 2023 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election]]: Bikaner West<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/eci-backend/public/all_files/full-statistical-reports/rajasthan/2023/Detailed_Results.pdf |title=State Election,2023 to the legislative assembly of Rajasthan |website=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 12 February 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Jethanand Vyas]]
|votes = {{formatnum:98648}}
|percentage = 54.51
|change = +10.85
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Bulaki Das Kalla]]
|votes = {{formatnum:78454}}
|percentage = 43.35
|change = -4.23
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1584}}
|percentage = 0.88
|change = -0.25
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:20194}}
|percentage = 11.16
|change = +7.24
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:180983}}
|percentage = 76.14
|change = +0.4
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2018 ===
{{Election box begin | title= [[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election]]: Bikaner West <ref name=election2018>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9645-statistical-data-of-rajasthan-la-2018/ |title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan LA 2018 |website=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 12 February 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = [[Bulaki Das Kalla]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:75128}}
|percentage = 47.58
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Gopal Krishn
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = {{formatnum:68938}}
|percentage = 43.66
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Gopal Gahlot
|votes = {{formatnum:6563}}
|percentage = 4.16
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Narayan Hari
|votes = {{formatnum:1462}}
|percentage = 0.93
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1780}}
|percentage = 1.13
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:6190}}
|percentage = 3.92
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:157894}}
|percentage = 75.74
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

== See also ==
* [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)]]

{{Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan}}

{{coord|28.02|73.27|display=title}}

[[Category:Bikaner district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Bikaner]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Politics of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]

Aklu Ram Mahto

2026-04-18T20:08:09Z

Marinazhg: creating initial stub basic info!

{{Short description|Former finance minister of Bihar, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Aklu Ram Mahto
| image = File:Aklu Ram Mahto.jpeg
| caption =
| office = Member of the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 1995
| term_end = 2000
| constituency = [[Bokaro Assembly constituency]]
| predecessor = [[Samresh Singh]]
| successor = [[Samresh Singh]]
| birth_place = [[Bokaro Steel City|Bokaro]]
| birth_date = 1940
| death_date = 2020
| spouse =
| party = [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]] [[Trinamool Congress]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/jharkhand/bokaro/former-bihar-minister-and-former-bokaro-mla-aklu-ram-mahato-dies-gur|title=नहीं रहे बिहार के पूर्व मंत्री व बोकारो के पूर्व विधायक रहे अकलू राम महतो|website=[[Prabhat Khabar]]|date=27 November 2020 |access-date=11 August 2023|archive-date=11 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811042859/https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/jharkhand/bokaro/former-bihar-minister-and-former-bokaro-mla-aklu-ram-mahato-dies-gur|url-status=live}}</ref>
| alma_mater = [[Raja Shiva Prasad College|RSP College, Jharia]]
| profession = Politician social worker, associated with organisation called Kushwaha Panchayat Parishad.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/west-bengal/bardhaman-10727628.html|title=Kushwaha community has important role to play in nation's development|website=jagran.com|access-date=11 August 2023|archive-date=11 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811192031/https://www.jagran.com/west-bengal/bardhaman-10727628.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
| education =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Aklu Ram Mahto''' (1940 – 2020) was an Indian politician from [[Jharkhand]], who served as Minister for Finance and Institution in undivided Bihar. He was a member of [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]], having served as important functionary in several other political parties in past. He was a member of the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] via Bokaro constituency. He won the Bihar Assembly Election in 1995 securing 99,798 votes. Mahto won [[Vidhan Sabha]] elections in the year 1980 and 1995. He had contested [[Lok Sabha]] elections from [[Dhanbad Lok Sabha constituency|Dhanbad]] on four occasions while from [[Giridih Lok Sabha constituency|Giridih]] and [[Hazaribagh Lok Sabha constituency|Hazaribagh]] once. Mahto was also associated with the movement, which started on the question of including [[Manbhum]] in [[West Bengal]]. He was one of the prominent leader to voice support for the rights of displaced people, who needed rehabilitation after the establishment of Bokaro Steel Plant. For four decades, after coming into existence of [[Bokaro Assembly constituency]] in 1977, he remained pivotal in its politics.<ref name="Former MLA Bihar">{{cite news |last1=Mahto |first1=Aklu Ram |title=Cabinet Minister in Unified Bihar |url=http://www.uniindia.net/news/east/people-jharkhand-aklu-ram-mahto/2246645.html |access-date=30 April 2022 |agency=United News of India |date=27 Nov 2020 |archive-date=11 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811192029/http://www.uniindia.net/news/east/people-jharkhand-aklu-ram-mahto/2246645.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/jharkhand/bokaro/former-bihar-minister-and-former-bokaro-mla-aklu-ram-mahato-dies-gur|title=नहीं रहे बिहार के पूर्व मंत्री व बोकारो के पूर्व विधायक रहे अकलू राम महतो|website=prabhat khabar|date=27 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2023|archive-date=11 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811042859/https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/jharkhand/bokaro/former-bihar-minister-and-former-bokaro-mla-aklu-ram-mahato-dies-gur|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/former-bihar-minister-aklu-ram-mahato-passes-away-920475.html|title=Former Bihar minister Aklu Ram Mahato passes away|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=10 August 2023|archive-date=11 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811192031/https://www.deccanherald.com/india/former-bihar-minister-aklu-ram-mahato-passes-away-920475.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Khabar/>

==Biography==
Mahto was born on 16 May 1947, in Chas block, Narayanpur [[Panchayati raj|Panchayat]]. His ancestral village was Chaura village. He belonged to [[Koeri]] caste.{{efn|Individually, each one of them has the ability to corner a sizeable number of votes. For instance, Aklu Ram Mahto, being a Koeri, has a ready bank of over 200,000 Koeri votes, while Ramendra Kumar commands a good following in the coal belt. However, ranged against each other they will eat into each other votes. The same is true about the other non-BJP candidates.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.rediff.com/election/1999/sep/15bihar.htm|title=The Lotus blooms in Hazaribagh|website=reddif|access-date=25 August 2023|archive-date=25 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825205400/https://m.rediff.com/election/1999/sep/15bihar.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>}} His father Lalu Mahto (Koiri) was a farmer, while his mother Chhutia Devi was a housewife. He was younger of two sons of his parents. Mahto's father, Lalu Mahto (Koiri) sent him to Asansol Primary school, to learn [[Bengali language|Bangla]] language. Being good at studies, he was promoted soon to higher class and completed his primary education earlier than it was about to be completed. For secondary education, he was shifted to Pindargadhiya Foundation School. Mahto completed his [[matriculation]] in 1962, from Ramrudra High School, and by 1974, he earned several degrees, which included a bachelor's degree in law. After completing his education, he was selected for an administrative job in coal mines, but did not join it. Mahto was among the people, whose land were taken by government for establishment of [[Bokaro Steel City|steel city of Bokaro]]. The compensation in most of the cases was not provided to them. Consequently, he became an activist for the rights of displaced, who suffered due to land acquisition. Despite clearing the interview for a post of personal manager in an institution called BSL, he refused to join it and participated in the movement against [[Indira Gandhi]]'s government, after the imposition of [[The Emergency (India)|National Emergency in India]].<ref name=Khabar>{{cite web|url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/jharkhand/bokaro/former-bihar-minister-and-former-bokaro-mla-aklu-ram-mahto-funeralcremated-with-state-honors-politics-cm-hemant-soren-bihar-jharkhand-politics-gur|title=झारखंड के बोकारो की राजनीति के ध्रुव थे अकलूराम महतो, निधन पर सीएम हेमंत|website=[[Prabhat Khabar]]|date=28 November 2020 |access-date=10 August 2023|archive-date=10 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810232703/https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/jharkhand/bokaro/former-bihar-minister-and-former-bokaro-mla-aklu-ram-mahto-funeralcremated-with-state-honors-politics-cm-hemant-soren-bihar-jharkhand-politics-gur|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=
10Jagran/>

There were attempts to arrest him during National Emergency, but he managed to escape and after the conclusion of Emergency period, took part in active politics. He played important role in victory of [[A. K. Roy|A K Roy]] in 1977 elections. Mahto was a polymath and he knew various languages, which included Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Nagpuri, Bangla and [[Khortha language|Khortha]]. He also played important role in giving recognition to [[Khortha language|Khortha]] and [[Kurmali language]]. He was a distinguished author of Khortha language. Many of his compositions in this language were included as a part of Khortha literature.<ref name=Khabar/>

Mahto's entry into politics was preceded by his activism. He participated in movement against inclusion of Manbhum district in West Bengal in 1956–57 at the age of eleven. Besides leaders like Parvati Charan Mahto and Janki Mahto, he led this movement through his Chas Police Station area Students Union. Mahto was soon recognised as a leader of [[Kushwaha]] community and other [[Other Backward Class|Backward Castes]] due to his activism. On 6 April 1968, he organised a blockade of Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]], when she arrived in Bokaro to inaugurate the work of a steel plant. Mahto, accompanied by his followers surrounded Gandhi and latter was greeted with anti-government slogans. This protest was successful and Gandhi called the leaders of movement, including Mahto for a discussion regarding permanent solution for the displaced people. As a consequence of these deliberations, the locals, who were victims of displacement, due to establishment of Bokaro Steel City, were given priority in local jobs in steel plants. Initially, he led this movement under the umbrella of Socialist Party, but later he established 'Displaced Development Committee'.<ref name=Khabar/>

His first experience in electoral politics of state level came in 1977, when the Bokaro Assembly constituency was just created. He had good relationship with [[Karpoori Thakur]], but he was denied the ticket to contest from [[Janata Party]]. Consequently, he decide to fight the election as independent candidate, losing to his political rival Samresh Singh. He again contested in [[1980 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]s, and this time became victorious by defeating Samresh Singh, who was a candidate of [[Bhartiya Janata Party]] then. Mahto's second electoral victory came in 1995, as in 1985 and 1990 Assembly elections, he finished in second position. Mahto later served in several political parties on important positions, which include [[Lok Dal]] and [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]. In his later years, he joined [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]], but rebelled with the party after its decision to nominate Bachha Singh as its candidate from the constituency, where Mahto wanted to contest in the 2005 Assembly elections.<ref name=Khabar/>

Mahto was also a member of Jharkhand unit of Kushwaha Mahasabha— a caste organisation of the [[Koeri]] caste along with other leaders like [[Bhubneshwar Prasad Mehta]]. From the platform of this organisation, Mahto had spoken several times about increasing political participation of the members of Kushwaha caste.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/ramgarh-16025595.html|title=कुशवाहा समाज संगठित हो : भुनेश्वर मेहता|website=Jagran|access-date=11 August 2023|archive-date=11 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811202755/https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/ramgarh-16025595.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/bokaro-7547502.html|title=सूझबूझ से करें समाज सेवा : अकलू|website=Jagran|access-date=11 August 2023|archive-date=11 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811202817/https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/bokaro-7547502.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/JHA-BOK-MAT-latest-bokaro-news-021002-348443-NOR.html|title=राजनीतिक प्रतिनिधित्व करें कुशवाहा समाज के लोग : मेहता|website=Bhaskar|date=4 August 2014 |access-date=11 August 2023|archive-date=18 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418191003/https://www.bhaskar.com/news/JHA-BOK-MAT-latest-bokaro-news-021002-348443-NOR.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

He considered the 'right to vote' as most important privilege of democracy. By 2019, Mahto retired from active politics; he was residing with his family in his native village Chaura, after quitting politics, still he motivated the youth for exercising their franchise.<ref name=
10Jagran>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/bokaro-voters-used-to-reach-polling-stations-by-bullock-cart-and-bicycle-19787866.html|title=बैलगाड़ी व साइकिल से मतदान केंद्र पहुंचते थे मतदाता|website=Dainik Jagran|access-date=10 August 2023|archive-date=11 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811025723/https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/bokaro-voters-used-to-reach-polling-stations-by-bullock-cart-and-bicycle-19787866.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The Dhanbad Legislative Assembly constituency was known for high pitched political battle between Samaresh Singh and Aklu Mahto, both man represented this constituency for number of times. After being elected to [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]], both political rivals aspired to become a member of parliament. However, even after contesting in Lok Sabha elections for a number of times, neither of them were able to secure victory. After retiring from politics, Aklu Mahto declared Rajesh Mahto as his political heir. Soon after retirement of Mahto, Samresh Singh also announced his retirement, declaring Sangram Singh as his political heir.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/elections/lok-sabha-vetron-ledar-samresh-singh-and-aklu-ram-mahto-will-not-fight-this-ls-election-19052123.html|title=JHARKHAND: अबकी धनबाद के रण में नहीं दिखेंगे दो चर्चित चुनावी लड़ाके|website=[[Dainik Jagran]]|access-date=10 August 2023|archive-date=10 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230409/https://www.jagran.com/elections/lok-sabha-vetron-ledar-samresh-singh-and-aklu-ram-mahto-will-not-fight-this-ls-election-19052123.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Revolutionary ==
Mahto had played an important role in the Jharkhand movement demand for the formation of a separate [[Jharkhand]] state within the constitutional framework of independence. Mahto was an ardent follower of socialist leader [[Jagdeo Prasad]], he had organised several commemoration ceremony for him in [[Bokaro Steel City|Bokaro]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/bokaro/news/bharat-lenin-amar-shahid-jagdev-babu-aklu-ram-mahato-jagdev-babu-people-people-sunil-kumar-mahato-ram-ballabh-mahato-ajay-kumar-kushwaha-rajesh-kumar-mahato-sn-singh-district-jagrao-chowk-bokaro-bihar-government-portrait-picture-birth-anniversary-occasion-ideology-relevance-views-front-program-reservation-caste-community-021003-3808693.html|title=Aklu Mahto celebrates Jagdeo Prasad birth anniversary|website=Bhaskar|date=3 February 2019 |access-date=10 August 2023|archive-date=11 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811013347/https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/bokaro/news/bharat-lenin-amar-shahid-jagdev-babu-aklu-ram-mahato-jagdev-babu-people-people-sunil-kumar-mahato-ram-ballabh-mahato-ajay-kumar-kushwaha-rajesh-kumar-mahato-sn-singh-district-jagrao-chowk-bokaro-bihar-government-portrait-picture-birth-anniversary-occasion-ideology-relevance-views-front-program-reservation-caste-community-021003-3808693.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/jharkhand/other-cities/former-bihar-government-minister-and-former-bokaro-mla-aklu-ram-mahato-dies/articleshow/79442578.cms|title=बिहार सरकार के पूर्व मंत्री एवं बोकारो के पूर्व विधायक अकलू राम महतो का निधन|website=Navbharat Times|access-date=12 August 2023|archive-date=12 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812174106/https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/jharkhand/other-cities/former-bihar-government-minister-and-former-bokaro-mla-aklu-ram-mahato-dies/articleshow/79442578.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Dev Dyal Kushwaha]]

== References ==
'''Notes'''
{{Notelist}}

'''Citations'''
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Bihar MLAs 1995–2000]]
[[Category:1940 births]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:Bihar MLAs 1980–1985]]
[[Category:Rashtriya Janata Dal politicians]]
[[Category:People from Bokaro district]]
[[Category:Samyukta Socialist Party politicians]]
[[Category:Lok Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Trinamool Congress politicians from Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Jharkhand Mukti Morcha politicians]]
[[Category:People from Jharkhand]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:State cabinet ministers of Bihar]]
[[Category:People from Dhanbad]]

Zia ur Rahman Barq

2026-04-14T02:24:11Z

Marinazhg: starting a info w/ sources

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Zia Ur Rahman Barq
| office1 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the]] [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start1 = 10 March 2022
| term_end1 = June 2024
| preceded1 = [[Mohammad Rizwan (politician)|Mohammad Rizwan]]
| successor1 = [[Thakur Ramveer Singh]]
| constituency1 = [[Kundarki (Assembly constituency)|Kundarki]]
| party = [[Samajwadi Party]]
| relations = [[Shafiqur Rahman Barq]] (grandfather)
| spouse = Tuba Hafeez
| education = [[Bachelor of Laws]] [[Bachelor of Arts]]
| alma_mater = [[Chaudhary Charan Singh University]] (Meerut) [[Aligarh Muslim University]]
| birth_place = [[Sambhal]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| term_start = 4 June 2024
| term_end =
| constituency = [[Sambhal Lok Sabha constituency|Sambhal]]
| predecessor = [[Shafiqur Rahman Barq]]
| successor =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1988-07-03}}
| children = 1
| source = https://sansad.in/ls/members/biographyM/5822?from=members
}}

'''Zia ur Rahman Barq''' ({{IPA|hi|zɪjaː ʊɾ ɾɛɦ.maːn̪ bəɾk}}) is an Indian politician and Member of the [[18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly]] since 10 March 2022 to 4 June 2024 from [[Kundarki Assembly constituency|Kundarki]] constituency and Member of Parliament since 7 June 2024 from [[Sambhal Lok Sabha constituency|Sambhal]] as [[Samajwadi Party]] candidate.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kundarki Election Result 2022 LIVE: Kundarki MLA Election Result & Vote Share - Oneindia |url=https://www.oneindia.com/kundarki-assembly-elections-up-29/ |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=www.oneindia.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Live |first=A. B. P. |date=2022-03-10 |title=Kundarki Election Result 2022LIVE: SP के ZIA UR REHMAN की हुई जीत, AAP के रहें दूसरे नंबर पर |url=https://www.abplive.com/elections/kundarki-election-2022-results-live-updates-constituency-vote-counting-winner-loser-tally-who-will-win-uttar-pradesh-assembly-election-2022-latest-news-2078095 |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=www.abplive.com |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kundarki Election Result 2022 Live: Zia ur Rehman leads with 1,25,609 votes |url=https://ummid.com/news/2022/march/10.03.2022/kundarki-election-result-2022-live.html |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=ummid |language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Zia ur Rahman Barq is the son of Mamluk Ur Rahman Barq and the grandson of [[Shafiqur Rahman Barq]], who was the former Member of Parliament from [[Sambhal Lok Sabha constituency|Sambhal]].<ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=Jan 22, 2022 |title=zia-ur-rehman: SP MP Barq's grandson fielded from Kundarki seat in Moradabad {{!}} India News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/sp-mp-barqs-son-fielded-from-kundarki-seat-in-moradabad/articleshow/89050941.cms |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Zia Ur Rehman(Samajwadi Party(SP)):Constituency- KUNDARKI(MORADABAD) - Affidavit Information of Candidate: |url=https://myneta.info/uttarpradesh2022/candidate.php?candidate_id=914 |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Centre |first=National Informatics |title=Digital Sansad |url=https://sansad.in/ls |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=Digital Sansad |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Inheritors {{!}} Next-gen netas">{{cite news|title=Inheritors {{!}} Next-gen netas|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/18th-lok-sabha-the-debutants/story/20240722-inheritors-next-gen-netas-2565854-2024-07-13|accessdate=25 March 2025|publisher=India Today|date=13 July 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325141549/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/18th-lok-sabha-the-debutants/story/20240722-inheritors-next-gen-netas-2565854-2024-07-13|archivedate=25 March 2025|language=en}}</ref>

== Political career ==
In his student life, he was a Senior Cabinet Member & Acting Secretary of the Aligarh Muslim University Students' Union (AMUSU) in 2005-06.

Before [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]], he was the member of [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-02-11 |title=Sambhal emerges as MIM's best chance |url=https://www.sundayguardianlive.com/news/8340-sambhal-emerges-mim-s-best-chance |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=The Sunday Guardian Live |language=en-US |archive-date=1 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601162016/https://sundayguardianlive.com/news/8340-sambhal-emerges-mim-s-best-chance |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Controversies ==
A complaint was filed over Ziaur for breaking the election rules.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UP Chuanv 2022: सपा सांसद शफीकुर्र रहमान बर्क के पोते जियाउर्रहमान ने समर्थकों संग संभल में मचाया हुड़दंग, केस दर्ज |url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/up-uttarakhand/uttar-pradesh/mp-shafiqur-rahman-burke-grandson-ziaur-rehman-burke-declared-candidate-created-ruckus-supporters-sambhal-pcup/1077181 |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=Zee News |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Moradabad: Case filed against SP candidate Ziaur Rahman Burke from Kundarki, know what is the matter |url=https://www.upcitynews.com/amp/news/moradabad/moradabad-case-filed-against-sp-candidate-ziaur-rahman-burke-from-kundarki-know-what-is-the-matter/150139 |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=www.upcitynews.com }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Zia Ur Rahman Barq raised the demand to start Islamic studies in BHU<ref>{{Cite news |title=BHU में भी इस्लामिक पढ़ाई करने की उठी मांग |work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]] |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/uttar-pradesh/sambhal/news/sp-mla-ziaur-rahman-said-the-people-there-should-also-have-information-about-islamdemand-for-islamic-studies-in-bhu-also-arose-130149960.html}}</ref> after the controversies in AMU to teach Sanatan Dharma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Protest on Aligarh Muslim University's proposal to teach Sanatan Dharma |url=https://thedailyvoice.in/opposition-to-aligarh-muslim-universitys-proposal-to-teach-sanatan-dharma/ |website=The Daily Voice}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=4 August 2022 |title=AMU में सनातन शिक्षा का विरोध क्यों? |work=Zee News India |url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/video/ttk-special-edition-why-protest-against-education-of-sanatan-dharma-in-amu/1286972}}</ref>

In November 2024 a [[2024 Sambhal violence|conflict erupted]] in Sambhal after a court ordered an inspection of [[Shahi Jama Masjid|Shahi Jama Masjid, Sambhal]], Which led to violence between police administration and civilians on 24 November. Police registered a criminal offence against Zia Ur for allegedly instigating the violence.<ref>{{Cite news |date=3 January 2025 |title=Sambhal violence case: Allahabad HC rejects SP MP Ziaur Rehman Barq's plea to quash FIR against him |url=https://doi.org/10.48165/bapas.2024.44.2.1 |access-date=15 Jan 2025 |work=The Indian Express |pages=1}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}{{18th Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh|state=expanded}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rahman Barq, Ziaur}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:India MPs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Aligarh Muslim University alumni]]
[[Category:Chaudhary Charan Singh University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Sambhal district]]
[[Category:Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance candidates in 2024 Indian general election]]
[[Category:1988 births]]
[[Category:Samajwadi Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]

{{UttarPradesh-SP-politician-stub}}

Raju Gari Gadhi

2026-04-11T21:49:38Z

Marinazhg: adding new info nd citations

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| italic_title =
| name = Raju Gari Gadhi
| image = Raju Gari Gadhi Telugu Posters.jpg
| caption =
| writer = [[Sai Madhav Burra]] (dialogues)
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on =
| starring = [[Ashwin Babu]] Chethan Cheenu [[Shamna Kasim|Poorna]] [[Eshanya Maheshwari]] [[Dhanya Balakrishna]] [[Dhanraj (Telugu comedian)|Dhanraj]] [[Shakalaka Shankar]] [[Vidyullekha Raman]]
| director = [[Ohmkar]]
| cinematography = Gnanam
| producer = [[Sai Korrapati]]
| editing = Nagaraj
| studio = [[Varahi Chalana Chitram]] AK Entertainments Pvt. Ltd OAK Entertainments Pvt. Ltd
| country = India
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|2015|10|22|df=y|ref1=<ref name="I">{{Cite web|url=https://www.idlebrain.com/news/functions1/pressmeet-rajugarigadhi.html|title=Raju Gari Gadhi release on 22 October - Telugu cinema news|website=www.idlebrain.com}}</ref>}}
| runtime = 135 minutes
| language = Telugu
| narrator =
| music = [[Sai Karthik]]
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Raju Gari Gadhi''''' ({{translation|King's Bedroom}}) is a 2015 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[horror comedy]] film directed by [[Ohmkar]] and produced by [[Varahi Chalana Chitram]], AK Entertainments Pvt. Ltd and OAK Entertainments Pvt. Ltd. The film features an ensemble cast of [[Ashwin Babu]], Chethan Cheenu, [[Shamna Kasim|Poorna]], [[Eshanya Maheshwari]], [[Dhanya Balakrishna]], [[Dhanraj (Telugu comedian)|Dhanraj]], [[Shakalaka Shankar]], and [[Vidyullekha Raman]]. [[Sai Karthik]] composed the film's soundtrack, while Gnanam took charge of the film's cinematography. Upon release, the film received mixed reviews but was commercially successful.

A sequel entitled ''[[Raju Gari Gadhi 2]]'' was released in October 2017, while a second sequel ''[[Raju Gari Gadhi 3]]'' was released in 2019, all of which are part of the ''[[Raju Gari Gadhi (film series)|Raju Gari Gadhi]]'' film series.

== Plot ==
Arriving at Nandigama, a town in Andhra Pradesh, 3 youngsters are shown entering a haunted palace only to be killed immediately by a strange entity. Their corpses are found later, increasing the number of corpses that have surfaced over a period of time at the palace to 34.

Six months later, a TV channel plans to host a reality show in that haunted house. It is aptly called “Dhayyam tho 7 Rojulu, Pattukunte 3 Kotlu” ({{translation| 7 days with ghost, survive it to win Rs. 3 crores}}). Seven individuals - Ashwin ([[Ashwin Babu]]), Nandu (Chethan Cheenu), Barbie (Eshanya Maheshwari), Bala Tripura Sundari ([[Dhanya Balakrishna]]), Shivudu ([[Dhanraj (Telugu comedian)|Dhanraj]]), M. Y. Danam ([[Shakalaka Shankar]]), and Bujjimma ([[Vidyullekha Raman]]) - are selected and they reach the palace where the Program head Pakodi ([[Prabhas Sreenu]]) and Chekodi ([[Raghu Babu]]) have arranged various scares for the contestants.

Initially, everything is normal, but after some time, the contestants start feeling paranormal activities around them. Everyone begins to believe that the palace is indeed haunted, especially Ashwin. The only exception is Nandu, a doctor who refuses to accept such supernatural stories. Meanwhile, Ashwin reveals his past to Bala. His brother Dr. Karthik ([[Rajiv Kanakala]]) had begun a revolution of donating organs. But suddenly, he was found dead, and his body was discovered at the Mahal in Nandigama. Seeing Karthik's corpse, Ashwin's mother suffered strokes, and Ashwin has participated in this contest only to pay for her hospital expenses.

The show progresses, and the hauntings and attacks on the contestants increase, causing the death of Shivudu. Nandu, like the others, is now convinced that the house is haunted, but this time, it is Ashwin who claims that there are no ghosts, which leaves everyone shocked.

To investigate further, Ashwin goes around the palace alone and discovers a secret chamber. From there, he extracts his deceased brother's mobile phone. Ashwin shows the phone to Bala, and on turning it on, they find a video shot by Karthik. Karthik had visited this palace and discovered the same secret chamber where bodies were being mutilated. However, before he could expose the culprits, he was killed, his death being recorded on the phone. The culprits, caught on camera, are none other than Nandu and Barbie.

In the next scene, Ashwin and Bala are injured and captured by Nandu in the chamber. Nandu and Barbie threaten Ashwin that he has been caught, and should he reveal the truth, Bala will be killed and her body mutilated. But here, the final mystery of the movie is disclosed. It is revealed that it is not Ashwin but Nandu who has been trapped.

In reality, there are no ghosts in the palace at all. This whole reality show was set up by Ashwin with the help of police and media to catch the murderers of his brother, and 30 others who died in the palace. Nandu and Barbie run an organ smuggling racket. Ashwin had suspected them, which is why they were selected. It is further revealed that all the hauntings that occurred a few days ago with Barbie and others were orchestrated by Ashwin and Shivudu (the latter is revealed to be alive in the end).

The film ends with Ashwin being interviewed on his experience and how he donated the rest of the money to charity.

== Cast ==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Ashwin Babu]] as Ashwin
* Chethan Cheenu as Dr. Nandan "Nandu"
* [[Shamna Kasim|Poorna]] as Bommali
* [[Eshanya Maheshwari]] as Barbie
* [[Dhanya Balakrishna]] as Bala Tripura Sundari<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/telugu-web-series-the-medium-matters/article17744475.ece|title=Telugu web series: The medium matters|first=Srivathsan|last=Nadadhur|date=30 March 2017|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>
* [[Dhanraj (Telugu comedian)|Dhanraj]] as Shivudu
* [[Shakalaka Shankar]] as M. Y. Danam
* [[Vidyullekha Raman]] as Bujjimma
* [[Prabhas Sreenu]] as Pakoddi
* [[Raghu Babu]] as Chekodi
* [[Rajiv Kanakala]] as Dr. Karthik
* [[Saptagiri (Telugu actor)|Saptagiri]] as "Race Gurram" Babji
* [[Posani Krishna Murali]] as Bommali Raja
* [[Pavitra Lokesh]]
* [[Jeeva (Telugu actor)|Jeeva]]
* [[Chatrapathi Sekhar]]
* [[Sudharshan]] as Youngster
{{colend}}
{{Quote box|width=30%|align=Right|quote="Like in ''[[April 1 Vidudala|April 1 Vidudhala]]'', ''[[Aha! Naa Pellanta!!|Aahana Pellanta]]'', ''[[Appula Appa Rao]]'' where comedy was an integral part, subject lo develop ''ayithe ye hero chesina navvutharu'' (they laugh whichever hero does it, if it’s developed within the story). They will enjoy whether [[Brahmanandam]] does it or Shakalaka Shankar performs. If there is no stuff, none of them can save the movie".|source= Ohmkar on the film's box office success, 2015<ref name="H"/>}}
== Production ==
Ohmkkar rechristened himself as [[Ohmkar]] for the film.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2015-09-19/Omkar-Is-Now-Ohmkar/176646|title=Omkar Is Now Ohmkar!!|date=19 September 2015|website=www.thehansindia.com}}</ref> Ohmkar's brother [[Ashwin Babu]] made his lead debut through this film.<ref name="I"/> Chethan Cheenu, who previously acted was based in Chennai and acted in a Tamil film, made his Telugu debut.<ref name="I"/> Instead of incorporating a different comedy track, comedy was weaved in the film's script.<ref name="H">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/telugu-cinema-a-break-from-formulaic-humour/article7883874.ece|title=Telugu cinema: A break from formulaic humour|date=16 November 2015|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Raju Gari Gadhi
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[Sai Karthik]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2015
| recorded = 2015
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Soundtrack]]
| length = 8:41
| label = Mango Music
| language = [[Telugu Language|Telugu]]
| producer = [[Sai Karthik]]
| prev_title = [[Dongaata (2015 film)|Dongaata]]
| prev_year = 2015
| next_title = [[Jatha Kalise]]
| next_year = 2015
}}

The soundtrack of the film was composed by [[Sai Karthik]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Raju Gari Gadhi (2015) |url=https://mio.to/album/Sai+Karthik/Raju+Gari+Gadhi+(2015)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115225648/http://mio.to/album/Sai+Karthik/Raju+Gari+Gadhi+%282015%29|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 November 2015|website=Music India Online}}</ref>

{{tracklist
| headline = Track list
| extra_column = Artist(s)
| total_length = 8:41
| title1 = La Lala Lalala
| note1 = [[Instrumental]]
| length1 = 2:33
| title2 = Sone Moriya
| extra2 =
| lyrics2 = [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]]
| length2 = 2:58
| title3 = Chu Manthrakali
| extra3 =
| lyrics3 = [[Ramajogayya Sastry]]
| length3 = 3:10
}}

== Release and reception ==
The film was released alongside ''[[Columbus (2015 film)|Columbus]]'' and ''[[Kanche]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/ramesh-samala-debuts-as-a-director-with-columbus-releasing-this-week/article7780353.ece|title=With hope and confidence|date=19 October 2015|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> The satellite rights for the film was purchased by [[Nimmagadda Prasad]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/ohmkar-on-sixth-sense-and-his-love-for-drama/article23892451.ece|title=Drama in his style: Ohmkar on his new show and his love for drama|first=Neeraja|last=Murthy|date=15 May 2018|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

Jeevi of ''[[Idlebrain.com]]'' rated the film 3/5 and wrote, "''Raju Gari Gadhi'' has an interesting title and had curious promotions which made Telugu movie lovers to look up and notice. It has decent comedy and a bearable storyline with a twist".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/rajugarigadhi.html|title=Rajugari Gadhi review by jeevi - Telugu cinema review - Ashwin Babu, Chetan Chennu, Dhanya Balakrishna & Eshanya|website=www.idlebrain.com}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of highest-grossing Telugu films|Highest-grossing Telugu franchises and film series]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|tt5457570}}
{{Films directed by Ohmkar}}
[[Category:2015 films]]
[[Category:2015 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy horror films]]
[[Category:2015 comedy horror films]]
[[Category:Vaaraahi Chalana Chitram films]]
[[Category:Films set in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Films scored by Sai Karthik]]
[[Category:Films directed by Ohmkar]]

Balpakram National Park

2026-04-08T13:35:32Z

Marinazhg: creating the stub w/ sources

{{short description|National park in Meghalaya, India}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2009}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Balpakram National Park
| alt_name =
| iucn_category = II
| image = Balpakram Canyon.jpg
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Balpakram Canyon
| area_km2 = 220
| map = India Meghalaya#India
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| map_width =
| relief = 1
| mapframe = Yes
| location = [[South Garo Hills District|South Garo Hills]] of [[Meghalaya]]
| nearest_city = [[Baghmara, India|Baghmara]]
| coordinates = {{coord|25|25|N|90|52|E|display=inline, title}}
| established = 27 December 1987
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| governing_body = [[Government of Meghalaya]], [[Government of India]]
| url =
}}

'''Balpakram National Park''' is a [[national park]] in [[South Garo Hills]] in [[Meghalaya]], India, located at an elevation of about {{cvt|3000|ft|m|order=flip}} close to the international border with Bangladesh. It was inaugurated in December 1987 and provides habitat for [[barking deer]], [[Asian golden cat]], [[Bengal tiger]], [[marbled cat]], [[wild water buffalo]], [[red panda]] and [[Indian elephant]]. Balpakram means "land of the eternal wind" according to the myth of the [[Garo people]].

==UNESCO tentative list==
The Central government of India has nominated the Garo Hills Conservation Area (GHCA), straddling South and West Garo Hills district in Meghalaya, as a World Heritage Site, which includes Balpakram National Park.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/garo-hills-range-basks-in-queue-for-world-heritage-tag/cid/1669791|title=Garo hills in queue for world heritage tag|date=22 September 2018|work=The Telegraph|location=India|access-date=12 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.theshillongtimes.com/2018/09/23/unesco-world-heritage-site-opportunity-for-garo-hills-conservation-area/|title=UNESCO World Heritage Site opportunity for Garo Hills Conservation Area|date=23 September 2018|work=[[The Shillong Times]]|access-date=12 November 2018|archive-date=12 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112141519/http://www.theshillongtimes.com/2018/09/23/unesco-world-heritage-site-opportunity-for-garo-hills-conservation-area/|url-status=dead}}</ref> It has been listed in [[UNESCO]] [[List of World Heritage sites in India|World Heritage]] tentative list.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6356/|title=Garo Hills Conservation Area (GHCA)|publisher=[[UNESCO World Heritage Centre]]|access-date=12 November 2018}}</ref>

== Flora and fauna ==
{{More citations needed section|date=May 2019}}
Balpakram National Park is home to a wide variety of plants and animals. Its vegetation consists of subtropical, grassland, bamboo forest, tropical deciduous trees and carnivorous plants like the pitcher-plant and [[Drosera]].

Species recorded include [[Indian elephant]], [[chital deer]], [[wild water buffalo]], [[red panda]], [[Bengal tiger]], and [[marbled cat]]. The rivers and lakes in the wildlife reserve are home to various species of birds.

== Balpakram myths ==
[[File:Balpakram.jpg|thumb]]
A ''[[Schima wallichii]]'' tree has a depression on its trunk. Local people believe that it was caused by spirits that take rest here on their way to their abode of the dead and tether animals killed on their funeral.

== Visitor information ==
The best time to visit Balpakram National Park is from late October to May, when the weather is pleasant without rainfall. The park can be reached from [[Shillong]] by road from [[Guwahati airport]] to Tura and Baghmara. Entry fees will have to be paid at the park's gate.{{Citation needed|date=July 2019}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}

{{National Parks of India}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:National parks in Meghalaya]]
[[Category:1987 establishments in Meghalaya]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1987]]

Gujarati Americans

2026-03-27T13:56:46Z

Marinazhg: further adjust formatting for clarity and corrected details

{{short description|Americans of Gujarati birth or descent}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Gujarati Americans
| image = Gujarathi USC2000 PHS.svg
| image_caption = The language spread of Gujarati in the United States according to U.S. Census 2000
| total = 491,551 (2024)<ref name="Census">{{Cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT1Y2023.B16001?q=bengali&hidePreview=false&vintage=2018|title=B16001 Language Spoken at Home by Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over|website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
| poptime =
| popplace = [[Indians in New Jersey|New Jersey]], [[Indians in the New York City metropolitan region|New York City]], [[San Francisco Bay Area]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Washington, D.C.]], [[Chicago]], [[Houston]], [[Philadelphia]]<ref name="timesofindia2">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/nri/us-canada-news/Gujaratis-6-of-Indians-but-20-of-US-Indians/articleshow/45746350.cms|title=Gujaratis 6% of Indians, but 20% of US Indians |newspaper=[[Times of India]]|access-date=27 May 2018}}</ref>
| langs = [[English language|English]], [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]],<ref name="2006AmericanCommunitySurvey"/> [[Hindi]]<ref name="2006AmericanCommunitySurvey">{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationinformation.org/USfocus/display.cfm?id=687#10 |title=Migration Information Source — Indian Immigrants in the United States |publisher=Migrationinformation.org |access-date=2010-07-17}}</ref>
| rels = [[Hinduism]], [[Gujarati Muslims|Islam]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Gujarati Jain|Jainism]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pewforum.org/Asian-Americans-A-Mosaic-of-Faiths-overview.aspx |title=Asian Americans: A Mosaic of Faiths |publisher=Pew Forum |date=2012-07-19 |access-date=2014-08-11 |archive-date=2013-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716064702/http://www.pewforum.org/Asian-Americans-A-Mosaic-of-Faiths-overview.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="projects.pewforum.org">{{cite web |url=http://projects.pewforum.org/2012/07/18/religious-affiliation-of-asian-americans-2/asianamericans_affiliation-6-2/ |title=Pew Forum — Indian Americans' Religions |publisher=Projects.pewforum.org |date=2012-07-18 |access-date=2014-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904160148/http://projects.pewforum.org/2012/07/18/religious-affiliation-of-asian-americans-2/asianamericans_affiliation-6-2/ |archive-date=2014-09-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| related_groups = [[Indian Americans]], [[Asian Americans]], [[Bengali Americans]]
| related =
| native_name = {{native name|gu|ગુજરાતી અમેરિકનો}}
}}
'''Gujarati Americans''' are [[Americans]] that are ethnic [[Gujarati people|Gujaratis]]. They are a subgroup of [[Indian Americans]] and [[Pakistani Americans]].

[[File:India Square JC jeh.JPG|thumb|Gujaratis have achieved a high [[demographic profile]] in many urban districts worldwide, notably in [[India Square]], or ''Little Gujarat'', in [[Bombay, Jersey City|Bombay]], [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]], [[New Jersey]], in the [[New York City Metropolitan Area]], United States, as large-scale immigration from India continues into [[New York City|New York]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/yearbook-immigration-statistics-2013-lawful-permanent-residents|title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2013 Supplemental Table 2|publisher=U.S. Department of Homeland Security|access-date=2014-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/yearbook-immigration-statistics-2012-legal-permanent-residents|title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2012 Supplemental Table 2|publisher=U.S. Department of Homeland Security|access-date=2013-07-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/files/statistics/publications/LPR11.shtm|title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2|publisher=U.S. Department of Homeland Security|access-date=2013-07-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/files/statistics/publications/LPR10.shtm|title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2010 Supplemental Table 2|publisher=U.S. Department of Homeland Security|access-date=2013-07-05}}</ref> with the largest metropolitan Gujarati population outside of India.]]

The highest concentration of the Gujarati American population by a significant margin, with over 100,000 Gujarati individuals, is in the [[Indians in the New York City metropolitan region|New York City Metropolitan Area]], notably in the growing Gujarati diasporic center of [[India Square]], or ''Little Gujarat'', in [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]], [[New Jersey]], and [[Edison Township, New Jersey|Edison]] and [[Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey|Monroe Township]] in [[Middlesex County, New Jersey|Middlesex County]] in [[Central New Jersey]]. Significant immigration from India to the United States started after the landmark [[Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965]],<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Keely|first1=Charles B.|title=Effects of the immigration act of 1965 on selected population characteristics of immigrants to the United States|journal=Demography|date=May 1971|volume= 8|issue=2|pages=157–169|doi=10.2307/2060606|jstor=2060606|pmid=5163987|s2cid=36538373|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Khandelwal|first1=MS|title=The politics of space in South Asian Diaspora, Chapter 7 Indian immigrants in Queens, New York City: patterns of spatial concentration and distribution, 1965–1990 - Nation and migration: - books.google.com|date=1995|publisher=University of Pennsylvania|location=Philadelphia, USA|isbn=0-8122-3259-3|page=179|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bvTHlLRZL8UC&q=+Immigration+and+Nationality+Act+of+1965+india+united+states+gujarat&pg=PA178|access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref> Early immigrants after 1965 were highly educated [[professional]]s. Since U.S. immigration laws allow sponsoring immigration of parents, children and particularly siblings on the basis of family reunion, the numbers rapidly swelled in a phenomenon known as "[[chain migration]]".

==Notable people==
[[File:Zohran Mamdani 05.25.25 (b) (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Zohran Mamdani]], [[Mayor of New York City|Mayor of]] [[New York City]]]]
* [[Zohran Mamdani]], [[Mayor of New York City]]
* [[Baiju Bhatt]], co-founder and former co-chief executive officer of Robinhood.
* [[Bharat Desai]] (b. 1952), billionaire and chairman [[Syntel]]<ref>{{cite web|title=2 Gujarati-origin among America's super-rich|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-2-gujarati-origin-among-america-s-super-rich-1442367|website=dna india|access-date=6 February 2015}}</ref>
* [[Vyomesh Joshi]] (b. 1954), CEO of [[3D Systems]]<ref>{{cite web|author1=Raheel Dhattiwala|title=The million dollar man from Gujarat|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2005-08-01/news/27493830_1_manoj-joshi-mark-hurd-b-school|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206134309/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2005-08-01/news/27493830_1_manoj-joshi-mark-hurd-b-school|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 6, 2015|website=The Economic Times|access-date=6 February 2015|quote=AT was lucky to meet the Ahmedabad-born, 50-year-old business honcho in person.}}</ref>
* [[Ami Bera]] (b. 1965), U.S. Representative from California<ref>{{cite news|author=Drew Joseph |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2010/08/13/BABP1ELANQ.DTL|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121209233729/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2010/08/13/BABP1ELANQ.DTL|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 9, 2012|title=Bera Hopes to Wipe Out Lungren Despite GOP Wave|newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle|date=2010-08-14|access-date=2010-09-22}}</ref>
* [[Reshma Saujani]] (b. 1975), lawyer and politician<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Gujarati-woman-aims-for-House-history-in-US/articleshow/5511099.cms "Gujarati Woman Aims for House"], ''The Times of India'', January 1, 2010.</ref>
* [[Sonal Shah (economist)|Sonal Shah]] (b. 1968), economist, corporate lobbyist, and public official<ref>{{cite web|title=Gujarati NRI Sonal Shah appointed Obama's adviser|url=http://deshgujarat.com/2008/11/06/gujarati-nri-sonal-shah-appointed-obamas-adviser/|website=DeshGujarat|access-date=6 February 2015|quote=NRI Gujarati Sonal Shah, an eminent economist who heads Google's philanthropic arm, has been appointed an advisory board member by US President-elect Barack Obama to assist his team in smooth transition of power.}}</ref>
* [[Sheetal Sheth]] (b. 1976), actress and producer<ref>{{cite web|title=Movers and shakers|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/supplement/story/20080324-movers-and-shakers-735725-2008-03-13|website=india today|date=13 March 2008 |access-date=6 February 2015|quote="We are close to our extended families in Ahmedabad and Mumbai and grew up with Gujarati culture as a predominant influence in our lives.... The Gujarati community has done it all in the US — from doctors to entrepreneurs, from retail to the hospitality industry.}}</ref>
* [[Kal Penn]] (b. 1977), actor and comedian
* [[Raj Bhavsar]] (b. 1980), artistic gymnast<ref>{{cite web|title=IG Online Interview: Raj Bhavsar (USA)|url=http://www.intlgymnast.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=784:interview-raj-bhavsar-usa&catid=3:interviews&Itemid=56|website=intlgymnast|access-date=6 February 2015|quote=Born in Houston, Bhavsar is 100 percent Gujarati; his father hails from Vadadora (Baroda), a city in the small Indian state of Gujarat, near Mumbai. His mother was born in Kampala, Uganda, but was educated in Gujarat. Most of Bhavsar's relatives are Gujarati.}}</ref>
* [[Kash Patel]] (b. 1980), [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] director under President Trump
* [[Noureen DeWulf]] (b. 1984), actress<ref>{{cite web|title=Stereotypes are very hard to escape: Noureen DeWulf|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/celebrity/stereotypes-are-very-hard-to-escape-noureen-dewulf_61087.html|website=Zee News India|access-date=6 February 2015|quote=DeWulf, a Gujarati Muslim by origin, has carved out a successful career for herself in Hollywood and her repertoire includes Hollywood films like `West Bank Story` and `Ghosts of Girlfriends Past` besides TV shows `Maneater`, `90210` and `Girlfriends`.}}</ref>
* [[Halim Dhanidina]], first Muslim judge in California
* [[Savan Kotecha]], [[Grammy]]-nominated songwriter<ref>{{cite web|title=Savan Kotecha, Songwriter|url=http://ofindianorigin.co.uk/interview/savan-kotecha-songwriter/|website=ofindianorigin.co.uk|access-date=24 October 2015|quote=I come from a pretty traditional Gujarati family and that made getting into the music business pretty tricky. My parents like most Indian parents, wanted me to go to Uni and be a Doctor or Lawyer. That meant I was on my own for the most part as far as figuring out how to 'make it'. It also gave me something to prove which made me work extra hard.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101103010655/http://ofindianorigin.co.uk/interview/savan-kotecha-songwriter/|archive-date=3 November 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Mafat and Tulsi Patel, founders [[Patel Brothers]] supermarket chain<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wearegurus.com/feelings/immigrant-diary-mafat-patel/|title=SPICING UP AMERICA THE PATEL BROTHERS' SUCCESS STORY|access-date=May 5, 2018}}</ref>
* [[Rohit Vyas]], journalist
* [[Avani Gregg]], social media personality
* [[Kiran C Patel]], philanthropist, serial entrepreneur, hotelier, and cardiologist

==See also==
* [[Indians in the New York City metropolitan region]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Gujarati diaspora}}
{{Asian Americans}}
{{Demographics of the United States}}

[[Category:American people of Gujarati descent| ]]
[[Category:Gujarati diaspora]]

Timeline of Indian history

2026-03-22T15:40:04Z

Marinazhg: Page updated with relevant improvements

{{short description|none}}
{{Dynamic list}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}

This is a '''timeline of [[Indian history]]''', comprising important legal and territorial changes and [[Politics|political]] events in India and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see [[History of India]]. Also see the [[list of governors-general of India]], [[list of prime ministers of India]] and [[list of years in India]].

[[File:Timeline of Indian History.svg|900px|Timeline of Indian history.]]

== Pre-historic India ==
{{Main|South Asian Stone Age}}

===Pre-90th century BCE (BC)===

{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|4,000,000 – 100,000 BCE
| || Tools crafted by proto-humans that have been dated back two million years have been discovered in the northwestern subcontinent.<ref name="shef">{{cite web |url=http://www.shef.ac.uk/archaeology/research/pakistan |title=Palaeolithic and Pleistocene of Pakistan |publisher=Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield |access-date=2007-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029184443/http://www.shef.ac.uk/archaeology/research/pakistan |archive-date=29 October 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="murray">{{cite book| last = Murray | first = Tim | author-link = Tim Murray (archaeologist)| title = Time and archaeology | publisher = Routledge| year = 1999 | location = London; New York | page=84|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k3z9iXo_Uq8C&pg=PP3| isbn=978-0-415-11762-3}}</ref> The earliest archaeological site in the subcontinent is the palaeolithic [[hominid]] site in the [[Soan Culture|Soan River valley]].<ref name="ppisv">{{cite book| last1=Rendell| first1=H. R.| last2=Dennell|first2=R. W. |last3=Halim|first3=M.| title=Pleistocene and Palaeolithic Investigations in the Soan Valley, Northern Pakistan| year=1989| page=364| series=British Archaeological Reports International Series| publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]| isbn=978-0-86054-691-7| oclc=29222688}}</ref> Soanian sites are found in the [[Sivalik Hills|Sivalik region]] across what are now India, Pakistan, and Nepal.<ref>Parth R. Chauhan. [http://www.assemblage.group.shef.ac.uk/issue7/chauhan.html#distribution Distribution of Acheulian sites in the Siwalik region] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104171240/http://www.assemblage.group.shef.ac.uk/issue7/chauhan.html#distribution |date=4 January 2012}}. ''An Overview of the Siwalik Acheulian & Reconsidering Its Chronological Relationship with the Soanian – A Theoretical Perspective''.</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Is the Soanian techno-complex a Mode 1 or Mode 3 phenomenon? A morphometric assessment|journal=Journal of Archaeological Science|volume=34|issue=9|pages=1434–1440|doi=10.1016/j.jas.2006.11.001|year=2007|last1=Lycett|first1=Stephen J|bibcode=2007JArSc..34.1434L }}</ref> Some of the [[Bhimbetka rock shelters]] were inhabited by ''[[Homo erectus]]'' more than 100,000 years ago.<ref>Javid, Ali and Javeed, Tabassum. ''World Heritage Monuments and Related Edifices in India''. 2008, page 19</ref><ref name="originsnet.org">{{cite web |url=http://originsnet.org/bimb1gallery/index.htm |title=Bhimbetka, Auditorium Cave, Madhya Pradesh: Acheulian Petroglyph Site, c. >100,000 – 500,000 BP |access-date=11 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150305100657/http://www.originsnet.org/bimb1gallery/index.htm |archive-date=5 March 2015 | url-status=live}}</ref>
Evidence suggested that occupation of the Indian subcontinent by hominins was sporadic until circa 700,000 years ago, and was geographically widespread by around 250,000 years ago.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/619662409 |title=Out of Africa I: the first hominin colonization of Eurasia |date=2010 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-90-481-9035-5 |editor-last=Fleagle |editor-first=John G. |series=Vertebrate paleobiology and paleoanthropology series |location=Dordrecht; New York |pages=147–160 |oclc=619662409}}</ref>

[[Madrasian culture]] sites have been found in [[Attirampakkam]] (Attrambakkam=13° 13' 50", 79° 53' 20"), which is located near [[Chennai]] (formerly known as Madras), Tamil Nadu.<ref name="Sen1999">
{{cite book
|author=Sen, Sailendra Nath
|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA23
|access-date=16 October 2011
|date=1 January 1999
|publisher=New Age International
|isbn=978-81-224-1198-0
|pages=23–
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424062614/https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA23
|archive-date=24 April 2016
|url-status=live}}
</ref> Thereafter, tools related to this culture have been found at various other locations in this region. [[Bifacial|Bifacial handaxes]] and cleavers are typical [[Assemblage (archaeology)|assemblages]] recovered of this culture.<ref name="Reddy2006">
{{cite book
|author=Reddy
|title=Indian Hist (Opt)
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CeEmpfmbxKEC&pg=SL1-PA25
|access-date=16 October 2011
|date=1 December 2006
|publisher=Tata McGraw-Hill Education
|isbn=978-0-07-063577-7
|pages=1–
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610004756/https://books.google.com/books?id=CeEmpfmbxKEC&pg=SL1-PA25
|archive-date=10 June 2016
|url-status=live}}
</ref> Flake tools, [[microlith]]s and other chopping tools have also been found. Most of these tools were composed of the metamorphic rock [[quartzite]].<ref name="Sen1999" /> The stone tool artifacts in this assemblage have been identified as a part of the second [[Pleistocene#Major events|inter-pluvial]] period in [[India]].<ref>''Tribal Studies'' (2007). Mibang, Tamo; Behera, M. C. Mittal Publications. India.</ref>

Evidence for presence of Hominins with [[Acheulean]] technology 150,000–100,000 BCE in Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Pappu|first=Shanni|title=Early Pleistocene Presence of Acheulian Hominins in South India|volume=331|issue=6024|pages=1596–1599|url=https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.1200183|journal=Science Magazine|access-date=12 April 2014|display-authors=etal|doi=10.1126/science.1200183|pmid=21436450|year=2011|bibcode=2011Sci...331.1596P|s2cid=206531024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713060243/http://www.sciencemag.org/content/331/6024/1596.abstract|archive-date=13 July 2014|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref>
|-
|74,000 – 30,000 BCE
|
|Technology similar to contemporary artifacts found used by Homo sapiens in Africa found in [[Jwalapuram]] around 74,000 BCE.
[[Paleolithic]] industries in South India Tamil Nadu 30,000 BCE.<ref>{{cite web |date=September 2003 |title=Excavations at the Palaeolithic Site of Attirampakkam, South India |url=http://www.antiquity.ac.uk/projgall/pappu297/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130504012305/http://www.antiquity.ac.uk/projgall/pappu297/ |archive-date=4 May 2013 |access-date=17 May 2013 |publisher=Antiquity journal |issue=297}}</ref>
|}

{{anchor|9th millennium BCE}}

=== 90th–50th century BCE ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|9,000 BCE
| || [[Early Neolithic|Early Neolithic culture]] with first confirmed semi-permanent settlements appeared 11,000 years ago in the [[Bhimbetka rock shelters]] in modern [[Madhya Pradesh]], India. Some of the Stone Age [[Cave paintings in India|cave paintings]] found among the Bhimbetka rock shelters are approximately 30,000 years old.<ref name="klostermaier1989">{{Citation | title=A survey of Hinduism | author=Klaus K. Klostermaier | author-link=Klaus Klostermaier | year=1989 | isbn=978-0-88706-807-2 | publisher=SUNY Press | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ltn3OuF_i4sC | quote=... prehistoric cave paintings at Bhimbetka (ca. 30000 BCE) ... | access-date=15 November 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505142703/https://books.google.com/books?id=ltn3OuF_i4sC | archive-date=5 May 2016 | url-status=live}}</ref>
The ancient history of the region includes some of Indian subcontinent's oldest settlements<ref name="coppa">{{cite journal|last1= Coppa|first1= A.|first2= L|last2= Bondioli|first3= A|last3= Cucina|first4= D. W.|last4= Frayer|first5= C.|last5= Jarrige|first6= J. F.|last6= Jarrige|first7= G|last7= Quivron|first8= M.|last8= Rossi|first9= M|last9= Vidale|first10= R.|last10= Macchiarelli|title= Palaeontology: Early Neolithic tradition of dentistry|journal= Nature|volume= 440|pages= 755–756|date= 6 April 2006|doi= 10.1038/440755a|pmid= 16598247|issue= 7085|bibcode= 2006Natur.440..755C|s2cid= 6787162}}</ref> and some of its major civilizations.<ref name="possehl">{{cite journal| last =Possehl| first=G. L.| author-link = Gregory Possehl|date=October 1990| title=Revolution in the Urban Revolution: The Emergence of Indus Urbanisation| journal = Annual Review of Anthropology| volume=19| issue =1| pages=261–282| doi=10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001401|url=http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/toc/anthro/19/1?cookieSet=1| access-date=2007-05-06| url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="asaw">{{cite book| last1=Kenoyer| first1=Jonathan Mark| first2=Kimberley| last2=Heuston| title=The Ancient South Asian World| publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]| date=May 2005| isbn=978-0-19-517422-9| url=http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryWorld/Ancient/Other/~~/dmlldz11c2EmY2k9OTc4MDE5NTE3NDIyOQ==| oclc=56413341| access-date=1 February 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120093649/http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryWorld/Ancient/Other/~~/dmlldz11c2EmY2k9OTc4MDE5NTE3NDIyOQ%3D%3D| archive-date=20 November 2012| url-status=live}}</ref>
|}

== Bronze Age India ==
{{Main|Bronze Age India}}

=== 50th–40th century BCE ===
{| class="wikitable" style=
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 4000 BCE || || Phase of the [[Indus Valley Civilisation]] begins. The civilization used an early form of the Indus signs, now called [[Indus script]].
Over the course of the next 1000–1500 years, inhabitants of the civilization developed new techniques in handicraft ([[carnelian]] products, seal carving) and metallurgy (copper, bronze, lead, and tin) had elaborate urban planning, baked brick houses, efficient drainage systems, water supply systems, and clusters of large non-residential buildings.{{Sfn|Wright|2009|pp=115–125}} The civilization depended significantly on trade, was the first civilization to use wheeled transport in the form of bullock carts, and also used boats.<ref>Hasenpflug, Rainer, The Inscriptions of the Indus civilisation Norderstedt, Germany, 2006.</ref>
|}

===30th–[[20th century BC|20th century BCE]]===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|2800 BCE || || The Indus Valley Civilization expand across the whole of modern-day Pakistan, much of northern India, and large parts of Afghanistan, with [[Harappa]] and [[Mohenjo-daro]] becoming large metropolises.<ref>{{cite book | last = Beck | first = Roger B. | title = World History: Patterns of Interaction | url = https://archive.org/details/mcdougallittellw00beck | url-access = registration | publisher = McDougal Littell | year = 1999 | location = Evanston, IL | isbn = 978-0-395-87274-1 }}</ref>
|-
|2600 BCE || || End of the Early Indus Valley Civilization culture. Start of Mature Indus Valley Civilization culture.
|}

=== [[19th century BC|19th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|1900 BCE || || End of Mature Indus Valley Civilization culture, late Indus Valley Civilization period starts.
|}

=== [[18th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1800 BCE || || [[Adichanallur]] urn-burial site in [[Tirunelveli district]] in Tamil Nadu. In 2004, a number of skeletons dating from around 3,800 years ago.
|}

== Iron Age India ==
{{Main|Iron Age in India}}
{{More citations needed section|date=August 2024}}

=== [[17th century BC|17th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event

|-
| 1700 BCE || ||[[Brihadratha]] also known as ''Maharatha'', was the initiator of the [[Brihadratha dynasty]], the earliest ruling dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] according to the Puranas.
|-
|1680 BCE
|
|[[Jarasandha]] was the son of [[Brihadratha]] and became the 2nd ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding his father.
|-
|1665 BCE
|
|[[Sahadeva of Magadha]] became the 3rd ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding [[Jarasandha]].
|-
|1661 BCE
|
|Somadhi became the 4th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding [[Sahadeva of Magadha]].
|-
|1603 BCE
|
|Srutasravas became the 5th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Somadhi.
|}

=== [[16th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|1539 BCE
|
|Ayutayus became the 6th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Srutasravas.
|-
| 1503 BCE || || [[Niramitra]] became the 7th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Ayutayus.
|}

=== [[15th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event

|-
| 1500 BCE || || Early [[Vedic period#Early Vedic period (c. 1500 BCE – c. 1000 BCE)|Vedic period]] (until 1000 BCE) begins.
|-
|1463 BCE
|
|Sukshatra became the 8th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding [[Niramitra]].
|-
|1405 BCE
|
|Brihatkarman became the 9th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Sukshatra.
|}

=== [[14th century BC|14th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1400 BCE || ||[[Gopala Dynasty]] established by [[Gopa (caste)|Gopa]].
|-
|1382 BCE
|
|Senajit became the 10th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Brihatkarman.
|-
|1332 BCE
|
|Srutanjaya became the 11th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Senajit.
|}

=== [[13th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1300 BCE || || Indus Valley Civilization and [[Cemetery H culture]] comes to an end.
|-
|1292 BCE
|
|Vipra became the 12th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Srutanjaya.
|-
|1280 BCE
|
|[[Pundravardhana|Pundravardhana Kingdom]] was established sometime before 1280 BCE.
|-
|1257 BCE
|
|Suchi became the 13th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Vipra.
|}

=== [[12th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1200 BCE || || [[Rigveda]] codified. The [[Kuru kingdom]] is established.
|-
|1199 BCE
|
|Kshemya became the 14th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Suchi.
|-
|1171 BCE
|
|Subrata became the 15th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Kshemya.
|-
|1107 BCE
|
|Dharma became the 16th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Subrata.
|}

=== [[11th century BC|11th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|1043 BCE
|
|Dharma stepped down as the 16th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]].
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;" | 1008 BCE || || Susuma became the 17th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Dharma.
|}

=== [[10th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;" | 1000 BCE || || Middle and Late [[Vedic period#Later Vedic period (c. 1000 – c. 600 BCE)|Vedic period]] (to 500 BCE).
|-
| 1000 – 300 BCE || || Kanchi district, gold mine of [[Megalith]]ic sites in Tamil Nadu, South India.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kanchi district, gold mine of megalithic sites|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kanchi-district-gold-mine-of-megalithic-sites/238300-60-118.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130629120101/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kanchi-district-gold-mine-of-megalithic-sites/238300-60-118.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 June 2013|newspaper=IBN Live|date=14 March 2012|location=Tamil Nadu, India}}</ref>
|-
|1000- 900 BCE
|
|[[Kingdom of the Videhas]] and the [[Pañcāla]] Kingdom was established.
|-
|970 BCE
|
|Dridhasena became the 18th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Susuma.
|-
|912 BCE
|
|Sumati became the 19th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Dridhasena.
|}

=== [[9th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|879 BCE
|
|[[Subala]] became the 20th ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Sumati.
|-
| 877 BCE || || Birth of [[Parshva|Parsvanatha]], 23rd Jain [[Tirthankara]] (traditional date).
|-
|857 BCE
|
|Sunita became the 21st ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding [[Subala]].
|-
|841 BCE
|
|[[Gopala Dynasty]] was de-established.
|-
|817 BCE
|
|Satyajit became the 22nd ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Sunita.
|}

=== [[8th century BC|8th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|767 BCE
|
|Viswajit became the 23rd ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Satyajit.
|-
| 732 BCE || ||Ripunjaya became the 24th and the last ruler of the ''Barhadratha'' dynasty of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] succeeding Viswajit.
|}

=== [[7th century BC|7th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|700 BCE
| || The [[Upanishads]], a sacred text of [[Hinduism]], are written.
|-
|700 BCE
|
|[[Kosala|Kingdom of Kosala]] was established. [[Kosala]] belonged to the [[Northern Black Polished Ware]] culture (c. 700–300 BCE).<ref name="Strickland, K. M.">Strickland, K. M., R. A. E. Coningham, et al., (2016). [http://doa.gov.np/downloadfile/190_1496827491.pdf "Ancient Lumminigame: A Preliminary Report on Recent Archaeological Investigations at Lumbini's Village Mound"], in Ancient Nepal, Number 190, April 2016, p. 10.</ref>
|}

=== [[6th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | 600 BCE || || Sixteen [[Mahajanapadas|Maha Janapadas]] ("''Great Realms''" or "''Great Kingdoms''") emerge.
|-
| || The [[Early Cholas|Chola]], [[Early Pandyan Kingdom|Pandya]], and [[Chera dynasty|Chera]] dynasties are established.
|-
| || The capital of the [[Early Pandyan Kingdom]] was initially [[Korkai]], all around 600 BCE, and was later moved to Koodal (now Madurai) during the reign of [[Nedunjeliyan I]].
|-
| 599 BCE || || [[Mahavira]] of the 24th Tirthankara is born. This turns out to become the most famous wave of Jainism.
|-
| 563 BCE || || [[Siddhārtha Gautama]], Buddha-to-be, is born in Lumbini into a leading royal family in the republic of the Shakyas, which is now part of Nepal.
|-
| 543 BCE || || The Vanga-based [[Prince Vijaya]] (c. 543 BCE) married a daughter of the Pandyan king of Madurai, to whom he was sending rich presents every year. [[Sinhala language|Sinhala]] chronicle [[Mahawamsa|Mahavamsa]] or the Great Chronicle of Sri Lanka mentions this [[Mahāvaṃsa|event]].{{citation needed|date=January 2016}}
|-
| 538 BCE || || [[Cyrus the Great|Cyrus]], founder of the Persian [[Achaemenid Empire]] reached up to northwestern parts of the [[Indian subcontinent]], today's Afghanistan.
|-
| 527 BCE || || [[Nirvana (Jainism)|Nirvana]] of [[Mahavira]] achieves [[Moksha]].
|-
|c. 525 BCE
|
|[[Kuru kingdom]] was de-established.<ref>{{Citation |last=Samuel |first=Geoffrey |title=The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century |year=2010 |publisher=Cambridge University Press}}</ref>
|}

=== [[5th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|c. 500 BCE
|
|The [[Vedic period]] ends.
|-
| 483 BCE|| || Proposed Mahaparinirvana date of [[Gautama Buddha]] at Kushinagar.
|}

=== [[4th century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 400 BCE || || Siddhartha Gautama 'Buddha' of the Shakya polity in South Nepal, founds [[Buddhism]] (older date: 563–483 BCE)
|-
| 350 BCE || || [[Pāṇini]], labelled as the father of [[linguistics]], a resident of [[Gandhara]], describes the [[grammar]] and [[morphology (linguistics)|morphology]] of [[Sanskrit]] in the text [[Aṣṭādhyāyī]]. Pāṇini's standardized Sanskrit is known as [[Classical Sanskrit]].
|-
| 333 BCE || || Persian rule in the northwest ends after [[Darius III]] is defeated by [[Alexander the Great]], who establishes the [[Macedonian Empire]] after inheriting the Persian Achaemenid Empire.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| 326 BCE || || [[Ambhi]] king of [[Takshila]] surrenders to Alexander.
|-
| May|| [[Porus]] who ruled parts of the [[Punjab]], fought Alexander at the [[Battle of the Hydaspes]].
|-
| 321 BCE || || [[Maurya Empire]] is founded by [[Chandragupta Maurya]] in [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] after he defeats the [[Nanda Empire]]. Mauryan capital city is [[Pataliputra]] (modern [[Patna]] in Bihar).
|-
| 305 BCE || || [[Chandragupta Maurya]] defeats [[Seleucus I Nicator]] of the [[Seleucid Empire]].
|-
| 304 BCE || || Seleucus gives up his territories in the subcontinent (Afghanistan/Baluchistan) to Chandragupta in exchange for 500 elephants. Seleucus offers his daughter in marriage to Chandragupta to seal their friendship.
|}

== Classical India ==
{{Main|Middle kingdoms of India}}

=== [[3rd century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|290–270 BCE || || [[Pingala]], ancient Indian mathematician and poet writes the ''Chandaḥśāstra'' (also called the Pingala-sutras), which presents the description of a [[binary numeral system]] for prosody. He described meters in the form of short and long syllables.
|-
| 273 BCE|| || [[Ashoka the Great]] regarded as the greatest ancient Indian emperor, grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, ascends as emperor of the [[Maurya Empire]].
|-
| 266 BCE || || [[Ashoka]] conquers and unifies most of Indian subcontinent, along with most of [[Afghanistan]] and [[Balochistan]].
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;" | 265 BCE || || [[Kalinga War]] takes place between Ashoka and the [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kingdom of Kalinga]].
|-
| 261 BCE || || After conquering Kalinga, Ashoka who recently converted into Buddhism and made it a quasi-official state religion of the Maurya Empire, reportedly regrets what he has done and relinquishes violence.
|-
| 260 BCE || || Ashoka inscribes the [[Edicts of Ashoka]], written down using [[Brahmi script]]. The Edicts describe his Buddhist religious views and his commitment to the welfare of his subjects.
|-
| 232 BCE || || Ashoka dies and is succeeded by [[Kunala]].
|-
| 230 BCE || || [[Simuka]] declares independence from [[Maurya Empire|Mauryan]] rule and establishes the [[Satavahana|Satavahana Empire]].
|}

=== [[2nd century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | 200 BCE || || [[Kuninda Kingdom]] is established.
|-
| || [[Tolkāppiyam]] describes the [[grammar]] and [[morphology (linguistics)|morphology]] of Tamil; it is the oldest existing Tamil grammar (dates vary between 200 BCE and 100 CE).
|-
|
|[[Indo-Greek Kingdom]] (also known as the Yavana Kingdom) is established. It was a [[Hellenistic period|Hellenistic-era Greek]] kingdom covering various parts of Afghanistan and the northwestern regions of the Indian subcontinent (parts of modern-day [[Pakistan]] and northwestern India). The kingdom was founded when the [[Graeco-Bactrian]] king [[Demetrius I of Bactria|Demetrius]] (and later [[Eucratides I|Eucratides]]) invaded India from Bactria in 200 BCE. During its existence, the kingdom was ruled over by 30 successive kings, with Menander I being the most famous Indo-Greek king.
|-
| 185 BCE || || The Mauryan Empire ends.
|-
|165/155 BCE
|
|[[Menander I]] becomes the king of the Indo-Greek Kingdom. Menander is noted for having become a patron of and convert to [[Greco-Buddhism]] and he is widely regarded as the greatest of the Indo-Greek kings.
|}

=== [[1st century BCE]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 100 BCE || || Birth of [[Charaka]],<ref>Prithvi Nath Kaul Bamzai. ''History of Kashmir''. Metropolitan Book Co Pvt Ltd, 1973. p. 259.</ref> ancient Indian physician who writes the [[Charaka Samhita]], an ancient text that describes theories on human body, etiology, symptomology and therapeutics for a wide range of diseases and is based on the ''Agnivesha Samhitā''.
|-
| 65 BCE || || The [[Pandyan]] king sends ambassadors to the Greek and Roman lands.
|-
| 58 BCE || || Beginning of [[Vikram Samvat|Vikram Era]].
|-
|1 BCE
|
|Fall of the [[Indo-Greek Kingdom]].
|}

=== [[1st century]] {{anchor|1st millennium}} ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 35 || || [[Western Satraps]] formed.
|-
| 68 || || Establishment of the [[Kushan Empire]] by [[Kujula Kadphises]].
|-
| 79 || || [[Gautamiputra Satakarni]] becomes [[Satavahana]] [[emperor]] and starts [[Shalivahana era]] calendar after defeating [[Scythian]] king [[Maues]].
|-

| 100 or after || || Sugar was first produced from sugarcane plants in northern India sometime after the first century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Satō |first=Tsugitaka |title=Sugar in the social life of medieval islam |date=2015 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-27752-6 |series=Islamic area studies |location=Leiden; Boston}}</ref>
|}

=== [[2nd century]] {{anchor|2nd millenium}} ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|113
|
|[[Vima Kadphises]] becomes the ruler of the Kushan Empire. He was the Kushan Emperor to first introduce gold coinage, in addition to the existing silver and copper coinage.
|-
| 127 || || [[Kanishka]] ascends the throne of the Kushan Empire, succeeding Vima Kadphises. Under his reign, the Kushan Empire reached its zenith.
|}

=== [[3rd century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 240 || || Sri-Gupta starts the [[Gupta Empire]] in Magadha, with its capital in [[Pataliputra]]
|-
|250
|
|The [[Vakataka dynasty|Vakataka Dynasty]] in the Deccan is formed by [[Vindhyashakti|Vindyashakti]]. He rules until 275.
|-
| rowspan="2" | 275 || || The [[Pallava dynasty]] is established.
|-
|
|[[Pravarasena I|Pravarasena]] ascends the throne of the Vakataka Dynasty, expanding his empire. He was the first Vakataka ruler who called himself a ''Samrat,'' or emperor. He is perhaps the only emperor in his dynasty.
|}

=== [[4th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 320 || || [[Chandragupta I]] ascends the [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] [[throne]].
|-
| 335 || || [[Samudragupta]] ascends the Gupta throne and expands the empire.
|-
| 345 || || [[Kadamba dynasty|Kadamba Kingdom]] established by [[Mayurasharma]], [[Banavasi]] as its capital and they were the first kingdom to use [[Kannada]] in administration.
|-
| 380 || || [[Chandragupta II]], Samudragupta's son becomes the Gupta [[Emperor]].
|-
|390
|
|[[Prabhavatigupta]], a Gupta Princess who was the daughter of Chandragputa II, becomes the regent of the Vakataka dynasty after the death of her husband [[Rudrasena II]], effectively ruling the Vakatakas until 410.
|}

=== [[5th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|413
|
|[[Kumaragupta I]] adopted the title of Mahendraditya.
|-
|455
|
|[[Skandagupta]], faced [[Huna people|Hunas]] effectively.
|-
| 467 || || Invasions by the [[Huna people|Huna]].
[[Pallava dynasty|Pallavas]] became a major power during the reign of [[Mahendravarman I]] (590 – 630 CE).
|-
|475
|
|[[Harishena]] takes over the Vakataka Dynasty. He was a great patron of Buddhist Art. The World Heritage monument [[Ajanta Caves]] is a surviving example of his works.
|-
| 476 || || Birth of [[Aryabhata]], ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer who goes on to write the [[Aryabhatiya]], a Sanskrit astronomical treatise and the Arya-siddhanta.
|}

=== [[6th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|502
|
|[[Mihirakula]] becomes the ruler of the [[Alchon Huns]]. He was the second and last of the Alchon Huns. He was considered to be an extremely violent and cruel ruler. He destroyed many Buddhist monasteries in his kingdom.
|-
| 528 || || Confederation of Indian rulers [[Yashodharman]], [[Narasimhagupta]] and [[Adityavardhana]] defeat the [[Alchon Huns|Huna emperor]] Mihirakula in the [[Battle of Sondani]].
|-
| 528–540 || || [[Yashodharman]] conquers vast territories from the Hunas and Guptas after the [[Battle of Sondani]], and establishes the short-lived [[Aulikara Empire]]
|-
| 554 || || Collapse of [[Gupta Empire]] after the death of [[Vishnugupta (Gupta Empire)|Vishnugupta]].
|-
| 573 || || [[Varāhamihira]], ancient Indian astrologer, astronomer, and [[polymath]] writes the Pañcasiddhāntikā, a treatise on mathematical astronomy which summarises five earlier astronomical treatises by five authors.
|}

=== [[7th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 606 || || [[Harsha]] is crowned [[Monarch]] of Kannauj.
|-
| 628 || || Ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer [[Brahmagupta]] completes the [[Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta]], a text on mathematical astronomy explaining the role of [[0 (number)|zero]], rules for manipulating both [[negative and positive numbers]], a method for computing [[square root]]s, methods of solving [[linear equation|linear]] and [[quadratic equation]]s, and rules for summing [[series (mathematics)|series]], [[Brahmagupta's identity]], and [[Brahmagupta's theorem]]. Brahmagupta described gravity as a force of attraction. He posited that it is the nature of the Earth to attract objects, a significant departure from the Aristotelian view of objects seeking their "natural place".
|-
| 637 || || [[Badami]] [[Chalukya]] power at its peak. [[Pulakeshin II]] pushes north up to the Narmada and defeats the invading [[Harshavardhana]] of [[Kanauj]].
|-
| 647 || || Death of [[Harsha]].
|-
| 665 || || Ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer [[Brahmagupta]] completes the astronomical treatise [[Khandakhadyaka]] covering topics such as the longitudes of the planets, diurnal rotation, lunar and solar eclipses, risings and settings, the moon's crescent and conjunctions of the planets.
|}

== Medieval India ==
{{Main| Medieval India}}

=== [[8th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 700 || || According to the [[Qissa-i Sanjan]], the immigrants [[Parsi]] are granted permission to stay by the local ruler [[Jadi Rana]].
|-
| 711 || || Arab commander of the [[Umayyad Caliphate]], [[Muhammad bin Qasim]] defeats [[Raja Dahir]], king of Sindh Region in modern-day [[Pakistan]].
|-
| 728 || || [[Narasimhavarman II]] of the [[Pallava dynasty]] constructs the [[Shore Temple]] of [[Mamallapuram]].
|-
| 736 || || [[Delhi]] is re-established by Bilan Deo Tomar also known as [[Anangpal Tomar]].
|-
| 738 || || Confederacy of Indian kings consisting of [[Nagabhata I]] of [[Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty]] and [[Bappa Rawal]], ruler of [[Mewar]] defeat Arab [[Umayyad Caliphate]] invasion attempts in the Battle of Rajasthan (738 CE)
|-
| 739 || || [[Chalukyas of Navasarika#Avanijanashraya Pulakeshin|Avanijanashraya Pulakeshin]] of the [[Chalukyas of Navasarika]] kingdom defeats an invasion attempt by the Arab Umayyad Caliphate.<ref>{{cite book |author=Durga Prasad Dikshit |title=Political History of the Chālukyas of Badami |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lEB11tKmCgcC |year=1980 |publisher=Abhinav |oclc=8313041 |page=166}}</ref>
|-
| 753 || || Establishment of [[Rashtrakuta]] Kingdom of Manyakhet by [[Dantidurga]] by defeating Chalukyas of Badami
|-
| 753 || || [[Saindhava]] naval fleet defeats Arab naval fleet sent by the Arab governor of Sindh.
|-
| 776 || || [[Saindhava]] naval fleet under [[Agguka I]] defeats second Arab naval expedition.<ref name=AKMH>{{cite journal |last= Kumar|first= Amit|year= 2012|title= Maritime History of India: An Overview|journal= Maritime Affairs: Journal of the National Maritime Foundation of India|volume= 8|issue= 1|pages= 93–115|doi= 10.1080/09733159.2012.690562|s2cid= 108648910|quote= "In 776 AD, Arabs tried to invade Sind again but were defeated by the Saindhava naval fleet. A Saindhava inscription provides information about these naval actions."}}</ref><ref name="Sen1999-p343">{{cite book|author=Sailendra Nath Sen|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA343|date=1 January 1999|publisher=New Age International|isbn=978-81-224-1198-0|pages=343–344}}</ref>
|-
| 788 || || Birth of [[Adi Shankara]].
|}

=== [[9th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 800 || || [[Vikramashila]] University is established by the [[Pala Empire|Pala emperor]] [[Dharmapala (emperor)|Dharmapala]] in present-day [[Bhagalpur district]] in [[Bihar]], in early 9th century
|-
| 814 || || Nripatunga [[Amoghavarsha I]] becomes [[Rashtrakuta]] emperor. [[Kannada literature]] flourishes.
|-
| 836 || || [[Mihira Bhoja]], regarded as the greatest ruler of the [[Gurjara-Pratihara|Gujara-Pratihara]] dynasty, he reorganized the empire to its peak.
|-

|}

=== [[10th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 935 || || [[Chandrapur University]] established in 935 CE by [[Srichandra]], a ruler of the [[Chandra dynasty]].
|-
| 985 || || [[Rajaraja Chola]] ascends to the throne of [[Chola empire]]. He expands the empire to [[Sri Lanka]] and to the north to include [[Kalinga (historical kingdom)|Kalinga kingdom]].
|-
| 993 || || [[Rajaraja Chola]] invades [[Sri Lanka]], capturing the northern half.
|}

=== [[11th century]] {{anchor|2nd millennium}} ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1000 || || Invasion of [[Mahmud of Ghazni]] begins (1000–1025 CE).
|-
|1003–1010 || || The [[Brihadisvara Temple]] is built by [[Raja Raja Chola I]].

|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"| 1014-1025 || || Rajaraja Chola adds the [[Lakshadweep]] and [[Maldives]] islands to the Chola empire.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Chola-dynasty|title=Chola dynasty|date=23 November 2023 |publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica}}</ref>
|-
| || [[Rajendra Chola I]] became the king of [[Chola empire|Chola Empire]] after his father [[Rajaraja Chola]]. During his reign, he extended the influences of the already vast Chola empire up to the banks of the river Ganges in the north and across the ocean. Rajendra's territories extended coastal [[Burma]], the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]], [[Lakshadweep]], [[Maldives]], conquered the kings of [[Srivijaya]] ([[Sumatra]], [[Java]] and [[Malay Peninsula]] in [[South East Asia]]) and [[Pegu]] islands with his fleet of ships. He defeated [[Mahipala]], the [[Pala Empire|Pala]] king of [[Bengal]] and [[Bihar]], and to commemorate his victory he built a new capital called [[Gangaikonda Cholapuram]]. The [[Cholas]] became one of the most powerful dynasties in Asia during his reign. The Tamil Chola armies exacted tribute from Thailand and the Khmer kingdom of [[Cambodia]]. [[Rajendra Chola I]] was the first Indian king to take his armies overseas and make conquests of these territories, even though there is epigraphical evidence of Pallava presence in these very areas.
|-
|1014 || || [[Mahmud of Ghazni|Mahmud Ghazni]] defeats the [[Hindu Shahi]] king [[Trilochanapala]] and annexes Punjab.
He then attempts to invade Kashmir, but is defeated by [[Sangramaraja]].
|-
|1017 || || [[al-Biruni]] travelled to the Indian subcontinent.
|-
|1017 || 26 April || [[Ramanuja]] is born at [[Sriperumbudur]], [[Tamil Nadu]].
|-
| 1021 || || Mahmud of Ghazni again attempts to invade Kashmir, but is defeated by Samgrāmarāja.
|-
| 1025 ||30 April || Last invasion of [[Mahmud of Ghazni|Mahmud Ghazni]], sacked and destroyed temple of [[Somnath]].
|-
| 1027 || || The [[Sun Temple, Modhera|Sun Temple of Modhera]] is completed by [[Bhima I]] of the [[Chaulukya dynasty]]
|-
| 1030 ||30 April || Death of Mahmud of Ghazni.
|-
| 1033 ||15 June || [[Suhaldev]], king of [[Shravasti]] defeats and kills [[Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud]], nephew of [[Mahmud of Ghazni]].
|-
| 1035 || || The [[Brihadisvara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram]] is built by [[Rajendra Chola I]].
|-
| 1058 || || [[Soomra dynasty]] ends the Arab domination and establishes its own rule over [[Sindh]].
|}

=== [[12th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1120 || || [[Kalyani Chalukyas]] power at its peak. [[Vikramaditya VI]] ushers in ''Vikrama Chalukya era''.
|-
| 1121 || || [[Ajayaraja II]], of the [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari]] dynasty repulse Ghaznavid invasions.
|-
| 1134 || || Life of [[Basaveshwara]], philosopher and social reformer (to 1196).
|-
| 1149 || 30 September || Birth of the Great poet and writer of India [[Chand Baradai]] in Lahore.
|-
| 1150 || || [[Bhāskara II]], mathematician and astronomer writes the [[Siddhānta Shiromani]], consisting of three books [[Līlāvatī]] on arithmetic and measurement, [[Bijaganita]] on algebra and ''Gaṇitādhyāya and Golādhyāya'' on astronomy.
|-
| 1157 || || The [[Kalachuris of Kalyani]] under [[Bijjala II]] capture Kalyani
|-
| 1175 || || [[Muhammad of Ghor]] invades India.<ref>[[Muhammad of Ghor#Invasion of India]]</ref>
|-
| 1178 || || Forces of the [[Chaulukya]] king [[Mularaja II]] led by his regent mother [[Naiki Devi]] defeat [[Ghurid]] invaders led by [[Muhammad of Ghor]] who escapes back to Ghazni, in the [[Mularaja II#Battle of Kasahrada|Battle of Kasahrada]].
|-
| 1191 || || [[First Battle of Tarain]] between [[Mohammed Ghori]] and [[Prithviraj III]]. Ghori is defeated by Prithivi Raj Chauhan III.
|-
| 1192 || || [[Second Battle of Tarain]] fought between [[Muhammad of Ghor|Muhammed Ghori]] and Prithviraj Chauhan III. Prithviraj Chauhan III is defeated by Mohammed Ghori.
|-
| 1193 || || Muslim general [[Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji]] destroys the ancient university of Vikramashila.
|-
| 1194 || || [[Battle of Chandawar]] fought between [[Muhammad of Ghor]] and [[Jaichand of Kannauj]]. Ghori defeated Jayachandra and killed him.
|}

=== [[13th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1206 || 15 March || [[Khokhar]]s killed [[Muhammad Ghori]] during a raid on his camp on the [[Jhelum River]], marking the end of 14 years of Ghurid rule over northern India (1192–1206).
|-
| 1206 ||25 June ||[[Qutb ud-Din Aibak]] establishes slave dynasty (Mamluk) later to be known as Delhi Sultanate, beginning 320 years rule over India (1206–1526).
|-
| 1206 || ||[[Raja Prithu]] defeats [[Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji]], destroying his army of 12,000 with only about 100 survivors.<ref name="Sharma"/><ref name="UNB1"/>
|-
| 1210 || ||[[Qutb ud-Din Aibak]] dies while playing polo.
|-
|1210
|
|[[Iltutmish|Shams ud-Din Iltutmish]], the third ruler of the [[Delhi Sultanate]], belonging to the [[Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)|Mamluk dynasty]] (slave dynasty), introduced IQTA (tax, revenue) system. Died in 1236.
|-
|1211–1215
|
|[[Anangabhima Deva III]] of the [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] in present-day Odisha defeats invasions by [[Iwaz Khalji|Ghiyāth ad-Dīn ʿIwaz Khalji]] the ruler of Bengal.<ref name="History of Odisha"/>
|- 1220 Razziya becomes first women ruler becoming the of sultanate dynasty
| 1221 || || [[Genghis Khan]] invades Punjab in pursuit of the fleeing [[Khwarazmian dynasty|Khwarezm Shah]] [[Jalal al-Din Mangburni]] and defeats him in the [[Battle of the Indus]].
|-
| 1226 || || [[Raja Prithu]] repulses invading forces of [[Ghiyas ud din Balban]] the ninth [[sultan]] of the [[Mamluk dynasty of Delhi]], in present-day [[Assam]]<ref name="Sharma">{{cite book|author=S.K.Sharma|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JUozqyA2e90C&dq=raja+prithu+oxford&pg=PA63|title=Discovery of North East India Volume 1|publisher=Mittal Publications|year= 2005|isbn=81-8324-035-6|pages=339}}</ref><ref name="UNB1">{{cite thesis |type=PhD|last=Bapari|first=Parimal|date=September 2010|title=King Naranarayan and his times |url=http://14.139.211.59/bitstream/123456789/1217/1/01_title.pdf|chapter=Chapter 1: Early Historical background and foundation of the Koch Dynasty|chapter-url=http://14.139.211.59/bitstream/123456789/1217/7/07_chapter_01.pdf|publisher=University of North Bengal}}</ref>
|-
| 1229 || || [[Sandhya (ruler of Kamarupa)]] in present-day Assam drives Muslims out of his territory and captures territory till Karatoya river. Thereafter, to avenge previous defeats, he invades the western border of Gaur (Lakhnauti) and annexes regions across the Karatoya into his kingdom.
|-
| 1236 || || [[Narasingha Deva I]] ruler of the [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] in present-day Odisha launches attacks against the Turko-Afghan rulers of [[Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)|Mamluk dynasty]] in Bengal that had captured Bihar and Bengal and not only repulses their attacks, but pushes them as far back as Padma River in current-day Bangladesh.<ref name="History of Odisha">{{Cite journal|date=10 August 2017|title=History of Odisha (From Earliest Times to 1434 A.D.)|url=http://ddceutkal.ac.in/Syllabus/MA_history/Paper-16.pdf|journal=DDCE/History (M.A)/SLM/Paper from Utkal University|pages=109–110}}</ref>
|-
|1236
|10 November
|Rule of [[Razia Sultana]]; the daughter of Iltutmish.
|-
| 1238 || October || [[Madhvacharya|Sri Madhwacharya]] born in [[Pajaka]] near [[Udupi]], [[Karnataka]]
|-
| 1240 || 14 October || Murder of [[Razia Sultana|Razia Sultan]] by Turkish nobles (Chalisa).
|-
| 1243 || || [[Narasingha Deva I]] ruler of the [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] defeats [[Tughral Tughan Khan]] of the [[Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)|Mamluk Sultanate of Delhi]] in the [[Battle of Katasin]] and annexes several districts of Bengal into his empire.
|-
|1246–66|| ||Rule of [[Nasiruddin Mahmud (grandson of Iltutmish)|Nasiruddin Mahmud]] with support of [[Ghiyas ud din Balban|Balban]] (Wazir and powerful member of Chalisa). Chalisa- a council of 40 members.
|-
| 1250 || || The [[Konark Sun Temple]] is completed, built by Narasingha Deva I.
|-
| 1257 || || The Kamrup kingdom, led by its ruler Sandhya defeats and executes [[Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak]], the Mamluk Governor of Bengal. His domains are split between the Kamrup kingdom and Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga Empire.
|-
|1266–1286|| ||Rule of Balban; Chalisa wiped out.
|-
| 1267 || || The [[Mahanubhava]] philosophy established by [[Chakradhar Swami]].
|-
| 1275 || || Birth of saint [[Dnyaneshwar]].
|-
| 1290 || || Murder of [[Muiz ud din Qaiqabad]] by [[Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji]], an army commander.
|-
|1290–96
|
|Jalal-ud-din Khilji founds the [[Khalji dynasty|Khiliji Dynasty]].
|}

=== [[14th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
|1309
|
|Alauddin Khalji sends Malik Kafur to South. Malik Kafur Lays siege on the [[Kakatiya dynasty]] Capital Warangal and Extracts Tribute. The diamond Kohinoor was among the loot collected.
|-
| 1310 || || [[Ala-ud-din Khilji]]'s army under [[Malik Kafur]] occupies [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Devagiri]] ending the [[Seuna]] Yadava Kingdom
|-
|1311
|
|Malik Kafur attacks the Hoyasalas. In the aftermath of the destruction Hoyasalas abandon the old capital Halebidu. He later attacks Madurai. The attacks on Warangal, Halebidu and Madurai is accompanied by wide scale killing, destruction of temples and repatriation of wealth back to Delhi.
|-
| 1323 || 9 November || [[Muhammad bin Tughluq|Ulugh Khan (Muhammad bin Tughluq)]] defeats [[Prataparudra II]] ending the [[Kakatiya dynasty]].
|-
| 1333 || || Prithvi Chand II of the [[Hindu]] [[Katoch]] kingdom of [[Kangra State|Kangra]] defeats the army of Muhammad bin Tughluq who loses nearly all his 10,000 soldiers and is forced to retreat.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Medieval India: From Sultanate to the Mughals|last=Chandra|first=Satish|publisher=Har-Anand Publications|year=1997|isbn=978-8124105221|location=New Delhi, India|pages=101–102}}</ref>
|-
| 1334 || || [[Musunuri Nayakas#Kapaya Nayaka|Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka]] with assistance from the [[Hoysala Empire|Hoysala]] ruler [[Veera Ballala III]] leads a rebellion against the Tughluq rule of [[Delhi Sultanate]], driving it out of [[Warangal]] region in present-day [[Telangana]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"| 1336 ||18 April|| [[Vijayanagara Empire]] established by [[Harihara I]] and his brother [[Bukka Raya I]].
|-
| || Rana of Mewar [[Hammir Singh]] defeats and captures [[Tughlaq dynasty]] ruler [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] in the [[Battle of Singoli]].
|-
| 1340 || || Birth of great mathematician [[Madhava of Sangamagrama]] who goes on to found the [[Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics]] and write the [[Venvaroha]], which describes the methods for the computation of the true positions of the Moon at intervals of about half an hour for various days in an anomalistic cycle.
|-
| 1343 || || [[Veera Ballala III]] captured and killed in the [[Battle of Kannanur]].
|-
| 1347 || || Governor [[Hasan Gangu]] revolts against [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] founding the [[Bahmani Sultanate]].
|-
| 1351 || || [[Samma Dynasty]] assumes rule over [[Sindh]].
|-
| 1370 || || [[Bukka]], the [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagara]] ruler and his son Kumara Kamapna capture the entire Tamil speaking parts.
|-
| 1398 || ||[[Sack of Delhi (1398)|Sack of Delhi]] is committed by [[Timur]]'s invasion. He plunders cities such as [[Lahore]], [[Tulamba]], [[Multan]], and [[Bhatner]].
|}

=== [[15th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! Style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1401 || || [[Dilawar Khan]] establishes the [[Malwa Sultanate]] in present-day northern India.
|-
| 1407 || || [[Muzaffar Shah I|Zafar Khan]]: governor of Gujarat, declares himself as Sultan Muzaffar Shah founding the [[Gujarat Sultanate]]/[[Muzaffarids (Gujarat)|Muzaffarid dynasty]].
|-
| 1414 || || [[Khizr Khan]], deputized by [[Timur]] to be the governor of [[Multan]] takes over Delhi founding the [[Sayyid dynasty]]
|-
| 1424 || || [[Deva Raya II]] succeeded his father [[Veera Vijaya Bukka Raya]] as monarch of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]]
|-
| 1437 || || [[Rana Kumbha]] of [[Mewar]] and [[Ranmal|Rao Ranmal Rathore]] of [[Marwar]] defeat and take prisoner [[Mahmud Khalji]], [[Sultan of the Malwa Sultanate]] in the Battle of Sarangpur
|-
| 1442 || || Rana Kumbha of Mewar defeats Mahmud Khalji in the [[Battle of Mandalgarh and Banas#Battle of Mandalgarh|Battle of Mandalgarh]]
|-
| 1443 || || [[Abdur Razzaq (traveller)|Abdur Razzaq]] visits India.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"|1446 || || Rana Kumbha of Mewar defeats Mahmud Khalji in the [[Battle of Mandalgarh and Banas#Battle of Banas|Battle of Banas]]
|-
| || [[Mallikarjuna Raya]] succeeds his father [[Deva Raya II]]
|-
| 1449 || 26 September || [[Sankardev]], founder of [[Ekasarana Dharma]] was born in Nagaon, Assam.
|-
|1450 || || [[Ravidas|Shri Guru Ravidas Ji]] was born in 1450 in Varanasi. He was an Indian mystic poet-sant of the [[Bhakti movement]] during the 15th to 16th century CE. Venerated as a guru in the region of Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, the devotional songs of Ravidas have had a lasting impact upon the bhakti movement.
|-
| 1451 ||19 April || [[Bahlul Khan Lodhi]] ascends the throne of the [[Delhi sultanate]] starting the [[Lodhi dynasty]]
|-
| 1456 || || [[Rana Kumbha]] of Mewar defeats the combined armies of Shams Khan (sultan of Nagaur) and [[Ahmad Shah II|Qutbuddin Ahmad Shah II]] (Sultan of Gujarat) in the [[Battle of Nagaur]] and captures Nagaur, Kasili, Khandela and Shakambhari. Nagaur Sultanate ceases to exist.
|-
| 1469 ||15 April || [[Guru Nanak]], the founder of [[Sikhism]], is born.
|-
| 1483 ||14 February || Birth of [[Babur]] in [[Andijan]], [[Fergana Valley]] in Central Asia.
|-
| 1485 || || [[Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya]] drives out [[Praudha Raya]] ending the [[Sangama Dynasty]].
|-
| 1486 || || Advent of [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]], founder of [[Gaudiya Vaishnavism]] and leader of the world's first civil disobedience movement, in [[Navadwip]], [[West Bengal]].
|-
| 1490 || || Ahmadnagar declares independence, followed by [[Adil Shahi|Bijapur]] and [[Berar Sultanate|Berar]] in the same year thus breaking up the [[Bahmani Sultanate]].
|-
| 1492 ||30 March || [[Satal Rathore of Marwar]] kills Afghan warlord Gudhla Khan in the Battle of Peepar, to rescue 140 girls abducted by the Afghans. He later succumbs to injuries sustained in the battle.
|-
| 1498 ||20 May || [[Vasco de Gama]] was the first portage's sailor first voyage from Portugal to India and back (in 1499).
|}

=== [[16th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| [[1503 in India|1503]] || || [[Kingdom of Cochin]] is taken over by the Portuguese creating the first European settlement in India.
|-
| [[1508 in India|1508]] ||3 February || The Christian-Islamic power struggle in Europe and the Middle East. Spills over into the Indian Ocean as [[Battle of Chaul]] during the [[Portuguese-Mamluk War]].
|-
| [[1509 in India|1509]] || 3 February || [[Battle of Diu]] marks the beginning of the dominance of the Europeans in the Asian naval theater.
|-
| [[1518 in India|1518]] || || [[Udaipur State|Kingdom of Mewar]] under [[Rana Sanga]] defeats [[Lodi dynasty|Lodi Empire]] under [[Ibrahim Lodhi]] in the Battle of Khatoli, gains control over north eastern Rajasthan.
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[1519 in India|1519]] || || Kingdom of Mewar under Rana Sanga defeats the [[Malwa Sultanate]] and the [[Gujarat Sultanate]] in the [[Battle of Gagron]], obtains control of [[Malwa]].
|-
| || The Kingdom of Mewar under Rana Sanga again defeats Lodi Empire under Ibrahim Lodi in the [[Battle of Dholpur]], extends control up to Agra.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;"| [[1520 in India|1520]] || || [[Vijayanagara Empire]] under [[Krishnadevaraya]] defeats the [[Sultanate of Bijapur]] in the [[Battle of Raichur]].
|-
| || [[Rana Sanga]] leads a coalition of Rajput armies to invade the [[Gujarat Sultanate]], reinstates Raimal as the Rao of [[Idar State|Idar]]. The Sultan of Gujarat is forced to flee to [[Champaner|Muhammadabad]].
|-
| || The mystic poet-sant of the Bhakti movement, Shri Guru [[Ravidas]], dies.
|-
| [[1522 in India|1522]] || || The Portuguese land on the [[Coromandel Coast]].
|-
| [[1526 in India|1526]] || 21 April || Sultan [[Ibrahim Lodi]], of the [[Delhi Sultanate]], angers local nobles, who respond by inviting [[Babur]], the [[List of emperors of the Mughal Empire|Mughal ruler]] of [[Kabul]], to invade [[Delhi]] and [[Agra]]. The local population, plus the possession of artillery, assists Babur in killing the Sultan (whose soldiers desert him) at the [[Battle of Panipat (1526)|Battle of Panipat]]. Marks the beginning of [[Mughal Empire]].
|-
| [[1527 in India|1527]] || 17 March || Babur defeats Rana Sanga of Mewar in the [[Battle of Khanwa]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| [[1530 in India|1530]] || || Astronomer-mathematician [[Jyeṣṭhadeva]] of the [[Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics]] writes the [[Yuktibhāṣā]], a major treatise on mathematics and astronomy in [[Malayalam]].
|-
| 28 March,27 January || Babur<ref name="originsnet.org"/> completes his [[Baburnama]], reflecting on society, politics, economics, history, geography, nature, flora and fauna, which to this day is a standard textbook in 25 countries. Babur dies, and is succeeded by his son [[Humayun]].
|-
| [[1532 in India|1532]] || || [[Ahom kingdom|Ahom]]s under king [[Suhungmung]] defeat Turbak Khan of the [[Bengal Sultanate]] in Battle of Hatbor.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| [[1539 in India|1539]] || || [[Battle of Chausa]] fought between [[Humayun]] and [[Sher Shah Suri]] in which Humayun is defeated.
|-
| || [[Guru Angad Dev]] becomes second guru of Sikhs.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1540 in India|1540]] ||18 September || Battle of [[Kannauj]] fought between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri and Humayun was completely defeated. Humayun lost the Mughal empire to Afghans (Suri Dynasty), and passed 12 years in exile.
|-
|9 May || [[Maharana Pratap]] Singh of Mewar (son of Maharana Udai Singh II) is born.
|-
| [[1542 in India|1542]] || 15 October || [[Akbar]] is born at [[Umerkot]].
|-
| [[1545 in India|1545]] || 22 May || Death of [[Sher Shah Suri]] and succeeded by [[Islam Shah Suri]].
|-
| [[1552 in India|1552]] ||26 March || [[Guru Amar Das]] becomes third Guru of Sikhs.
|-
| [[1554 in India|1554]] || 22 November || [[Islam Shah Suri]] dies.
|-
| [[1555 in India|1555]] || 22 May || Humayun regained the throne of Delhi from the hands of weak successors of Sher Shah after Battle of Sirhind.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;"| [[1556 in India|1556]] || 27 January|| Humayun dies, and is succeeded by his son [[Akbar]].
|-
|7 October || Hindu king [[Hemu]] defeats Mughal forces in the [[Battle of Tughlaqabad]].
|-
|5 November || Hindu king [[Hemu]] establishes his raj in North India and bestowed with title of Vikramaditya. He was defeated at the [[Battle of Panipat (1556)|Second Battle of Panipat]] by Akbar and Bairam Khan's forces.
|-
| [[1565 in India|1565]] || 26 January || [[Battle of Talikota]] results in the rout of Vijayanagara Empire.
|-
| [[1568 in India|1568]]|| || [[Paradesi Synagogue]], the first Jewish synagogue in India constructed by the [[Paradesi Jews]].
|-
| [[1572 in India|1572]] || || Akbar annexes [[Gujarat]], also shifts the Mughal capital to Fatehpur Sikri where a new township and citadel containing buildings of a unique all-India character—inspired by the architecture of Bengal, Gujarat, Malwa, Kashmir as well as the Timurid world—is born.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| [[1574 in India|1574]] ||1 September || [[Guru Ram Das]] becomes fourth Guru of Sikhs.
|-
| || Akbar annexes [[Bengal]].
|-
| [[1581 in India|1581]] || 1 September || [[Guru Arjan Dev]] becomes fifth Guru of Sikhs.
|-
| [[1582 in India|1582]] || || [[Maharana Pratap]] defeats [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] governor in [[Battle of Dewair]] in present-day [[Rajasthan]]<ref name="James Tod">{{cite book|author=James Tod|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/57374/57374-h/57374-h.htm|title=Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, v. 1 of 3|publisher=Oxford University Press|year= 1920|pages=588}}</ref>
|-
| [[1586 in India|1586]] || 6 October || Akbar annexes [[Kashmir]].
|-
| [[1589 in India|1589]]|| || [[Harmandir Sahib]] (Golden Temple) build in Amritsar by [[Guru Arjan]].
|- [[1592 in India Maharana pratap died]]
| [[1600 in India|1600]] || 31 December ||[[East India Company]] is formed in England. Gets exclusive trading rights with India.
|}

=== [[17th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| [[1602 in India|1602]]|| || [[Netherlands|Dutch]] came to India at [[Pulicut]] (back to 1825).
|-
| [[1605 in India|1605]] ||27 October || [[Akbar]] dies, and is succeeded by his son [[Jahangir]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1606 in India|1606]] ||25 May || [[Guru Hargobind]] is selected to becomes the sixth guru of Sikhs by [[Guru Arjan]].
|-
|30 May || [[Guru Arjan]] is tortured and killed under orders of Mughal Emperor [[Jahangir]] for refusing to convert to Islam.
|-
|[[1612 in India|1612]]
|24 August || [[East India Company]] enters into a trade agreement with the Mughal Emperor [[Jahangir]].
|-
| [[1616 in India|1616]]|| || [[Susenghphaa]], ruler of the [[Ahom kingdom]] defeats Mughal forces in a land and naval battle at Bharali, Assam.<ref>{{cite book |title= History of North East India|url= https://rgu.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Download_629.pdf|publisher= Rajiv Gandhi University|page= 32}}</ref>
|-
| [[1621 in India|1621]] || || Sikhs army led by [[Guru Hargobind]] defeat Mughals in the [[Battle of Rohilla]].
|-
| [[1628 in India|1628]]|| || [[Jahangir]] announces "Chain of Justice" outside his palace that anyone can ring the bell and get a personal hearing with the emperor. Jahangir dies, and is succeeded by his son [[Shah Jahan]].
|-
| [[1630 in India|1630]]||19 February || [[Shivaji|Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj]]{{citation needed|date=October 2024}} is born.
|-
| [[1634 in India|1634]]|| || Sikhs armies led by [[Guru Hargobind]] defeat Mughal armies in the [[Battle of Amritsar (1634)]] and Battle of Lahira.
|-
| [[1635 in India|1635]]||25 April || Sikhs army led by [[Guru Hargobind]] defeat a Mughal army in the [[Battle of Kartarpur]].
|-
| [[1636 in India|1636]]|| || Establishment of [[Kohra (estate)]] by [[Babu Himmat Sah]].
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1644 in India|1644]] || 8 March || [[Guru Har Rai]] becomes seventh guru of Sikhs.
|-
| [[1640 in India|1640]]|| || [[Rani Karnavati of Garhwal|Rani Karnavati]] of the [[Garhwal Kingdom]] repels and defeats invasion attempt by Mughal army of [[Shah Jahan]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=olP_A60L-CMC&dq=Rani+Karnavati&pg=PA44 Karnavati] ''Garhwal Himalayas: A Study in Historical Perspective'', by Ajay S. Rawat. Published by Indus Publishing, 2002. {{ISBN|81-7387-136-1}}. ''Page 43-44''.</ref>
|-
| [[1658 in India|1658]]|| || Shah Jahan completes [[Taj Mahal]], [[Jama Masjid, Delhi|Jama Masjid]], and [[Red Fort]]. Imperial treasuries drained by architectural and military overexpenditures. Shah Jahan put under house arrest, and is succeeded by his son [[Aurangzeb]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| [[1659 in India|1659]] || 19 February || [[Shivaji]]'s ill-equipped and small [[Maratha]] army defeat numerically much larger [[Adilshah]]i troops at the [[Battle of Pratapgarh]] marking the first victory of the [[Maratha Kingdom]]. Shivaji personally kills [[Adilshah]]i commander [[Afzal Khan (general)]].
|-
| 27 December || Marathas under [[Shivaji]] defeat the [[Adilshah]]i troops in the [[Battle of Kolhapur]].
|-
| 1660 || 13 July || Maratha army of 600 defeats a much larger army of the [[Adil Shahi dynasty|Bijapur Sultanate]] of 10,000 in the [[Battle of Pavan Khind]], near the city of [[Kolhapur]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| 1661 || 3 February || Marathas under [[Shivaji]] defeat [[Mughal Empire]] forces in the Battle of Umberkhind.
|-
| 6 October || [[Guru Har Krishan]] becomes eight guru of Sikhs.
|-
| [[1664 in India|1664]]|| 6–10 January || Marathas under [[Shivaji]] defeat [[Mughal Empire]] forces in the [[Battle of Surat]].
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1665 in India|1665]]|| 13 February || Shivaji conducts a raid on the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] colony in [[Basrur]] and gains a large booty which enables him to strengthen the base of his new kingdom by building a strong navy and forts.
|-
| 20 March || [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]] becomes ninth Guru of Sikhs.
|-
|11 June
|[[Treaty of Purandar (1665)]] (or पुरंदर चा तह) was signed between Shivaji and the Rajput ruler Jai Singh I.
|-
| [[1669 in India|1669]]||28 November|| [[Jat people|Jats]] defeats the [[Mughal Empire]] in the [[Battle of Tilpat]] takes control of [[Mathura]].
|-
| [[1670 in India|1670]]||4 February || Marathas under [[Shivaji]] capture the fort of Sinhagad (then known as Kondhana) from the Mughals in the [[Battle of Sinhagad]].
|-
| rowspan=2| [[1671 in India|1671]]|| || [[Ahom kingdom]] defeats the [[Mughal Empire]] in the [[Battle of Saraighat]], takes back control of [[Guwahati]]
|-
| || [[Chhatrasal]] revolts against the Mughal Empire with an army of only 5 horsemen and 25 swordsmen. In ten years he conquers a large tract of land between Chitrakoot, Chhatarpur and Panna in the east and Gwalior in the west, and from Kalpi in the north to Sagar, Garhakota, Shahgarh and Damoh in the south.
|-
| [[1672 in India|1672]]||February || Maratha forces under [[Prataprao Gujar]] defeat a Mughal army twice its size in the Battle of Salher.
|-
| [[1674 in india|1674]]|| 6 June|| [[Shivaji]] is crowned [[Chhatrapati]].
|-
| rowspan=2| [[1675 in India|1675]]|| 6 May || Marathas defeat the [[Bijapur Sultanate]] and capture the Fortress of Ponda after the [[Siege of Ponda]].
|-
| 24 November || [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]], the ninth Guru of Sikhs is tortured and executed in Delhi by the order of Aurangzeb for his support for the Kashmiri Hindus to practice their religion and for refusing to convert to Islam.
[[Guru Gobind Singh]] becomes tenth Guru of Sikhs.
|-
| rowspan=3|[[1680 in India|1680]]||3 April || [[Shivaji]] dies of fever at [[Raigad fort|Raigad]].
|-
||20 July || [[Sambhaji]] becomes 2nd Chhatrapati of the [[Maratha Kingdom]].
|-
|| || [[Venad (historical region)|Kingdom of Venad]] defeats the Mughal Empire in the Battle of Manacaud.
|-
| rowspan=2| [[1681 in India|1681]]|| || [[Aurangzeb]] invades the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]].
|-
|31 January – 2 February || Maratha ruler [[Sambhaji]] attacks and [[Sacking of Burhanpur (1681)|sacks the Mughal city Burhanpur]].
|-
| [[1682 in India|1682]]||August|| [[Ahom kingdom]] defeats the [[Mughal Empire]] in the [[Battle of Itakhuli]], takes back control of [[Kamrup region]].
|-
| [[1684 in India|1684]]|| || Marathas under Sambhaji repel a [[Mughal invasions of Konkan (1684)|Mughal attempt to invade Konkan]]. Mughals are forced into a slow retreat and suffer great losses.
|-
| [[1687 in India|1687]] || 16 December || Marathas under Sambhaji defeat the Mughal Army in the [[Battle of Wai]]. However, Maratha General [[Hambirrao Mohite]] is killed.
|-
| [[1688 in india|1688]]|| || The Sikandara was plundered by [[Rajaram of Sinsini|Rajaram Jat]]. Even the skeleton of Akbar, was taken out and the bones were consumed to flames.
|-
| rowspan=2|[[1689 in India|1689]]||11 March || After being ambushed and captured by the Mughals, [[Sambhaji]] is tortured and killed for refusing to convert to Islam.
[[Rajaram I]] becomes the third Chhatrapati of the Maratha Kingdom.
|-
||| Rani [[Keladi Chennamma]] defeats Mughal army sent by Aurangzeb in pursuit of Rajaram I, who takes refuge in Keladi.
|-
| [[1690 in India|1690]]|| || Maratha Kingdom defeats the Mughal Empire in the [[Battle of Athani]].
|-
| [[1691 in India|1691]]|| || Joint forces of [[Bhim Chand (Kahlur)]] of [[Bilaspur State|Bilaspur]] and Guru Gobind Singh defeat Mughal army in the [[Battle of Nadaun]].
|-
| [[1692 in India|1692]]|| December || Maratha General [[Santaji Ghorpade]] defeats Mughal General Alimardan Khan and captures him.
Mughal army under [[Zulfikhar Ali Khan]] defeated by Santaji and [[Dhanaji Jadhav]] and Zulfiquar Khan is forced to sue King Rajaram for peace.
|-
| [[1693 in India|1693]]|| 21 November || Maratha General [[Santaji Ghorpade]] defeats Mughal General Himmat Khan.
|-
| [[1695 in India|1695]]|| 20 November || Maratha General [[Santaji Ghorpade]] defeats and kills Mughal General Kasim Khan.
|-
| rowspan=2| [[1696 in India|1696]] || || Sikhs under Guru Gobind Singh defeat Mughal forces in the [[Battle of Guler (1696)]]
|-
|20 November || [[Danish India]] (to 1869).
|-
| [[1699 in India|1699]]||3 October || Guru Gobind Singh, the 10th Guru of Sikhs creates [[Khalsa]], the saint-soldier at [[Anandpur Sahib]], Punjab.
|}

=== [[18th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[1700 in India|1700]]|| || Sikhs army of 1,000 under Guru Gobind Singh defeats Mughal army numbering 10,000 in the [[Battle of Anandpur (1700)]]
|-
| 3 March || [[Rajaram I]] dies. The infant [[Shivaji II]] becomes the Chhatrapati of the Maratha Kingdom, with his mother [[Tarabai]] as the regent. She continues the Maratha battles against the Mughal Empire, leading the Maratha army herself.
|-
| [[1702 in India|1702]]|| || Sikhs army under Guru Gobind Singh defeats Mughal army in the Battle of Nirmohgarh (1702).
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[1707 in India|1707]] || 13 February || Birth of [[Suraj Mal]] son of [[Badan Singh]].
|-
| 3 March || Death of [[Aurangzeb]] the Mughal emperor. Marks the end of Mughal territorial expansion over India.
|-
| [[1708 in India|1708]]||7 October || [[Guru Gobind Singh]] is assassinated by Mughals and the [[Guru Granth Sahib]] becomes the eternal Guru of the Sikhs.
|-
| [[1710 in India|1710]] ||12 May || [[Sikh Khalsa Army|Sikh army]] under [[Banda Singh Bahadur]] defeats Mughal Empire in the [[Battle of Chappar Chiri]] and establishes Sikh rule from Lahore to Delhi.
|-
| [[1717 in India|1717]]|| || [[Meitei people|Meitei]] king Pamheipa ([[Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)]]) introduces Hinduism as the state religion and changes the name of the kingdom to the Sanskrit Manipur.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1721 in India|1721]] || March – October || [[Attingal Outbreak]] takes place.
|-
| 13–14 November || The [[1721 Madras cyclone|Madras cyclone]] occurs.
|-
| [[1720 in India|1720]]|| || [[Bajirao I]] appointed by Shahu as [[Peshwa]] (prime minister) who would later expand the Maratha Kingdom.
|-
| [[1724 in India|1724]]|| || [[Meitei people|Meitei]] king [[Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)|Gharib Nawaz]] of the [[Ningthouja dynasty]] invades Burma.
|-
| [[1728 in India|1728]]|| 28 February || [[Bajirao I]] defeats the combined forces of the Mughal Empire and the [[Nizam of Hyderabad]] in the [[Battle of Palkhed]].
|-
| [[1729 in India|1729]]|| March || Maratha Kingdom under Bajirao defeats Mughal Empire, in response for an appeal for help from [[Chhatrasal]], ruler of [[Bundelkhand]] in the [[Battle of Bundelkhand]].
|-
| [[1731 in India|1731]]|| || Maratha Kingdom under Bajirao defeats Mughal Empire and Maratha rebel factions in the [[Battle of Dabhoi]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1737 in India|1737]]|| 16 March || Marathas under Bajirao I defeat the [[Mughal Empire]] in the Battle of Delhi (1737).
|-
| 24 December || Marathas defeat a combined army of the Mughal Empire, [[Nizam of Hyderabad]], [[Nawab of Awadh]] and [[Nawabs of Bhopal]] in the [[Battle of Bhopal]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1739 in India|1739]] ||17 February – 16 May || Marathas under Bajirao I defeat the Portuguese in the [[Battle of Vasai]], Portuguese army and administration pulled out of Baçaim ([[Vasai]]).
|-
| March || [[Nader Shah]] invades India from Iran. Nader Shah captures and sacks Delhi. Nader loots the [[Koh-i-Noor]] and [[Darya-i-Noor]] diamonds, alongside gaining the Peacock Throne.
|-
| [[1740 in India|1740]]|| May || [[Raghoji I Bhonsle]] of the Maratha Confederacy defeats and kills [[Dost Ali Khan]] the Mughal Nawab of Arcot in the Battle of Damalcherry.<ref name="Jeremy Black">{{cite book|author=Jeremy Black|title=War in the Eighteenth-Century World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zcEcBQAAQBAJ&dq=battle+of+Damalcherry&pg=PA60|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year= 2012|isbn=9780230370005|page=60}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1741 in india|1741]]|| 26 March || Maratha army defeats the Nawab of Carnatic and captures Trichinopoly after the [[Siege of Trichinopoly (1741)]]
|-
| 10 August || Kingdom of [[Travancore]] under [[Marthanda Varma]] defeats the [[Dutch Empire]] in the [[Battle of Colachel]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1753 in india|1753]]|| 10 May || Jats under [[Suraj Mal]] defeat the Mughal Empire in the [[Capture of Delhi (1753)]].
|-
| 15 August || [[Marthanda Varma#Treaty of Mavelikkara (1753)|Treaty of Mavelikkara]] signed between the [[Kingdom of Travancore]] and the [[Dutch East India Company]], effectively ending the political and commercial dominance of the Dutch on the Kerala coast and beginning of the end of Dutch influence in India.
|-
| [[1754 in india|1754]]|| 20 January – 18 May || [[Bharatpur State]] defeat the Marathas in [[Battle of Kumher]].
|-
| [[1756 in India|1756]] || || [[Black Hole of Calcutta]] infamous incident where soldiers of East India Company were held hostage in tortuous conditions, later served as a precedent for the Battle of Plassey.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1757 in India|1757]] ||16 January || Maratha Confederacy defeats [[Durrani Empire]], in the [[Battle of Narela]].
|-
|23 June || British East India Company defeats the [[Nawab of Bengal]] in the [[Battle of Plassey]], marking the end of Islamic period of 565 Years over India (1192–1757) & beginning of British conquests in India.
|-
|11 August || Maratha Confederacy defeats [[Rohilla|Rohilla Afghans]] in the [[Battle of Delhi (1757)]], captures Delhi.
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[1757 in india|1757]]|| 12 February || Jats under [[Suraj Mal]] defeat Durrani Empire, in the Battle of Bharatpur.
|-
|
| rowspan="2" |[[Carnatic wars#Third Carnatic War (1757–1763)|Third Carnatic War]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Naravane |first=M. S. |title=Battles of the honourable East India Company: making of the Raj |date=2006 |publisher=A. P. H. Pub. Corp |isbn=978-81-313-0034-3 |location=New Delhi |pages=150–159}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1758 in India|1758]]|| rowspan="2" | 28 April
|-
| [[Maratha Confederacy]] led by [[Raghunathrao]] and [[Mahadaji Shinde]] defeats [[Durrani Empire]] in the [[Battle of Attock (1758)]], captures [[Attock]].
|-
|8 May || Maratha Confederacy led by Raghunathrao, [[Malhar Rao Holkar]] and [[Tukoji Rao Holkar]] defeats Durrani Empire in the Battle of Peshawar (1758), captures [[Peshawar]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1759 in India|1759]]|| || [[French India]] (to 1954)
|-
| || Maratha Confederacy supported by [[Sukerchakia Misl|Sikh Sukerchakia Misl]] defeats Durrani Empire in the Battle of Lahore (1759)
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[1760 in India|1760]] || 3 January || [[Maratha]]s comprehensively defeat the [[Nizam]] in the Battle of Udgir.
[[Maratha Confederacy]] reaches its zenith.
|-
| 22 January|| [[Battle of Wandiwash]], British troops beat French
|-
| rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[1761 in India|1761]] || January || The [[Maratha]]s are routed in the [[Battle of Panipat (1761)|Third Battle of Panipat]] on 14 January 1761, by the Afghans led by [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]], also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali. The battle is considered one of the largest battles fought in the 18th century.
|-
| 12 June || [[Capture of Agra Fort]] by the [[Bharatpur State|Kingdom of Bharatpur]] led by king [[Suraj Mal]], defeating the armies of the Mughal Empire and [[Rohilla|Rohilla Afghans]]
|-
| August || The [[Sukerchakia Misl]] of [[Dal Khalsa (Sikh Empire)]] defeats the [[Durrani Empire]] in the [[Battle of Sialkot (1761)]]
|-
| September || The [[Sikh Confederacy]] defeats the [[Durrani Empire]] in the [[Battle of Gujranwala (1761)]]
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[1762 in India|1762]] || 5 January|| The Marathas under the leadership of [[Madhavrao I|Peshwa Madhavrao]] defeat the Nizam's forces in the Battle of Uruli
|-
| 5 February || [[Vadda Ghalughara]], the massacre of 30,000 Sikhs, mostly non-combatants, by the army of [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]]
|-
| May || [[Sikh Misls]] under [[Jassa Singh Ahluwalia]] defeat the [[Durrani Empire]] in the [[Battle of Harnaulgarh]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[1763 in India|1763]] ||10 August || Maratha Confederacy led by [[Madhavrao I]] defeats the Nizam of Hyderabad in the Battle of Rakshasbhuvan and gains territory.
|-
| 25 December || [[Suraj Mal]] dies.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[1764 in India|1764]]||26 February || [[Sikh Misls]] under [[Jassa Singh Ahluwalia]] defeat the [[Durrani Empire]] in the [[Battle of Sirhind (1764)]] and capture [[Sirhind]]
|-
| 22 October || [[Battle of Buxar]] (British victory against allied Mughal, Bengal and Oudh forces)
|-
| [[1765 in India|1765]] ||February || Kingdom of Bharatpur led by king [[Jawahar Singh]] defeats the Mughal Empire in the [[Battle of Delhi (1764)]]
|-
| [[1767 in India|1767]] || || [[First Anglo-Mysore War]] begins, in which Hyder Ali of Mysore defeats the armies of the British East India Company.
|-
| [[1770 in India|1770]]|| || [[Great Bengal famine of 1770]], estimated to have caused the deaths of about 10 million people.<ref>{{cite book|author=Amartya Sen|title=Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation|url=https://archive.org/details/povertyfamineses0000sena|url-access=registration|year=1981|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-828463-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/povertyfamineses0000sena/page/39 39]}}</ref> [[Warren Hastings]]'s 1772 report estimated that a third of the population in the affected region starved to death. The famine is attributed to failed monsoon and exploitative policies of the East India Company.<ref name="Jonsson2013p167">{{cite book|author=Fredrik Albritton Jonsson|title=Enlightenment's Frontier: The Scottish Highlands and the Origins of Environmentalism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d9FUmajYyqgC&pg=PT167|date=18 June 2013|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-16374-2|pages=167–170}}</ref>
|-
| [[1771 in India|1771]]|| || [[Maratha Confederacy|Marathas]] led by Mahadaji Shinde defeat [[Rohilla|Rohilla Afghans]] and [[Capture of Delhi (1771)|re-capture Delhi]] and parts of [[North India]], thus reasserting their supremacy in north India. As revenge for the losses in the Battle of Panipat, the Maratha army devastated Rohilkhand by looting and plundering and also took the members of royal family as captives.
|-
| [[1772 in India|1772]] ||22 May || [[Ram Mohan Roy]] Born (to 1833)
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1773 in India|1773]]|| || [[Narayanrao]] Peshwa is murdered by his uncle [[Raghunathrao]]'s wife in front of Raghunathrao.
|-
| || [[Regulating Act 1773]] is established.
|-
| || [[Warren Hastings]] appointed as first [[Governor-General of Bengal]].
|-
| [[1774 in India|1774]] || || [[Chief Justice]] of the [[Maratha Confederacy]], [[Ram Shastri]] passes death sentence against the ruling [[Peshwa]] [[Raghunathrao]] for murdering his nephew.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1775 in India|1775]]|| || [[First Anglo-Maratha War]] takes place.
|-
| June || Alliance of [[Shekhawat]] chieftains and [[Jaipur State|Kingdom of Jaipur]] defeat the [[Mughal Empire]] supported by Baloch chieftains in the [[Battle of Mandan]]
|-
| [[1779 in India|1779]]|| || [[Maratha]] ''[[sardar]]'' [[Mahadji Shinde]] routs the [[East India Company]] [[army]] at the [[Battle of Wadgaon]]. War ends with the restoration of status quo as per [[Treaty of Salbai]].
|-
| [[1780 in India|1780]] || || [[Second Anglo-Mysore War]] begins.
|-
| [[1781 in India|1781]]|| || [[Maratha Confederacy]] defeats forces of the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] in the [[Bhor Ghat#History|Battle of Bhorghat]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1784 in India|1784]]|| || [[Second Anglo-Mysore War]] ends with the [[Treaty of Mangalore]].
|-
| || [[Captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Seringapatam]], suffer extreme hardships, torture, death, forcibly converted to Sunni Islam. Of the 60,000–80,000 Christians taken captive, only 15,000–20,000 survive.
|-
| [[1786 in India|1786]] || || [[District Collector|District collectors]] in [[Bengal]] were made responsible for settling the revenue and collecting it.
|-
| [[1787 in India|1787]]|| || Maratha Confederacy defeats [[Tipu Sultan]], the [[Kingdom of Mysore|king of Mysore]] in the [[Maratha–Mysore War]], resulting in the Treaty of Gajendragad. Tipu Sultan is forced to pay 4.8 million rupees as a war cost to the Marathas, an annual tribute of 1.2 million rupees and return all the territory captured by his father [[Hyder Ali]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1789 in India|1789]]|| || [[Third Anglo-Mysore War]] begins.
|-
| || [[Tipu Sultan]] invades [[Malabar Coast|Malabar]] (present day Kerala), destroys a number of temples including the temples of [[Bhagamandala]], [[Payyavoor]], Ammakoottam Mahadevi temple and Thrikkadamba Sri.mahavishnu temple. Thousands are killed, women raped and populace forced to convert to Islam,
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1790 in India|1790]] || || The [[Marathas]] under [[House of Holkar|Holkar]] and [[Benoît de Boigne|General de Boigne]] defeat the [[Rajputs]] of [[Jaipur]] and [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]] at the Battle of Patan, where 3000+ Rajput cavalry is killed and the entire Mughal unit vanquished. The defeat crushes Rajput hope of independence from external influence
|-
| May|| [[Kingdom of Travancore]] defeats the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] in the [[Battle of Nedumkotta]]
|-
| [[1792 in India|1792]]|| || [[Third Anglo-Mysore War]] ends.
|-
| [[1793 in India|1793]] || || Birth of [[Rani Rashmoni]], one of the pioneers of the [[Bengali Renaissance]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1795 in India|1795]] || 11 March || Maratha Confederacy defeats the Nizam of Hyderabad in the [[Battle of Kharda]], Nizam ceded territory.
|-
| 13 August || Death of [[Ahilyabai Holkar]]
|-
| [[1796 in India|1796]] || || [[Ching-Thang Khomba]] moves [[Manipur]]'s capital to [[Kangla]]
|-
| [[1798 in India|1798]] || || [[Fourth Anglo-Mysore War]] begins.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1799 in India|1799]] || || [[Fourth Anglo-Mysore War]] ends with the death of [[Tipu Sultan]], the victory of the East India Company, and the restoration of their ally, the [[Wodeyar]] dynasty of Mysore.
|-
| || [[Polygar War]].
|-
| [[1800 in India|1800]]||13 March || Death of [[Nana Fadnavis]].
|}

== Modern India ==

=== [[19th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| [[1801 in India|1801]] || 12 April || [[Maharaja]] [[Ranjit Singh]] establishes [[Khalsa]] rule of Punjab from Lahore. Khalsa army liberates [[Kashmiri Pandits]] and invades Afghanistan via the Khyber Pass.
|-
| [[1802 in India|1802]] || 11 October|| The [[Kingdom of Kottayam]] defeats the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] in the [[Battle of Panamarathukotta]]
|-
| [[1803 in India|1803]] || 11 September|| The [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]] begins.
|-
| [[1805 in India|1805]] || 24 December || The [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]] ends.
|-
| [[1806 in India|1806]] || 10 July|| [[Vellore Mutiny]], the first instance of a large-scale and violent [[mutiny]] by Indian [[sepoy]]s against the [[East India Company]].
|-
| [[1807 in India|1807]] || 10 February|| [[Hari Singh Nalwa]], commander of the [[Sikh Khalsa Army]] of the [[Sikh Empire]] defeats the [[Durrani Empire]] in the [[Battle of Kasur]], the first in a series of battles.
|-
| [[1809 in India|1809]]|| 25 April || The East India Company signs the first [[Treaty of Amritsar (1809)|Treaty of Amritsar]] with Ranjit Singh.
|-
| [[1811 in India|1811]] ||28 October || The death of [[Yashwantrao Holkar]].
|-
| [[1813 in India|1813]] ||13 July || [[Dewan Mokham Chand]] and Hari Singh Nalwa, commanders of the Sikh Khalsa Army of the Sikh Empire defeat the Durrani Empire in the [[Battle of Attock]] and capture [[Attock]]
|-
| [[1815 in India|1814]]|| 15 January || "[[Atmiya Sabha]]" is established by [[Ram Mohan Roy|Raja Ram Mohan Roy]].
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[1817 in India|1817]] || 20 January || Establishment of Hindu College (Presidency College, now [[Presidency University, Kolkata]])
|-
|13 June
|The [[Third Anglo-Maratha War]] begins.
|-
| style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1818 in India|1818]]|| March – 2 June || Sikh Empire defeats the Durrani Empire and captures [[Multan]] after the [[Siege of Multan (1818)]].
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[1819 in India|1819]]|| 3 July || Sikh Empire defeats the Durrani Empire in the [[Battle of Shopian]] and captures [[Srinagar]] and [[Kashmir]]. Islamic rule ends in Jammu and Kashmir.
|-
|9 April
|The [[Third Anglo-Maratha War]] ends with the capture of [[Asirgarh Fort]] and the end of the [[Maratha Confederacy]], leaving the [[East India Company]] with control of almost the whole of [[India]].
|-
| [[1820 in India|1820]]|| 26 September || [[Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar]] is born (to 1891).
|-
|[[1823 in India|1823]]
| 14 March || Sikh Empire defeats the [[Emirate of Afghanistan]] and the [[Nawab of Amb]] to annex [[Peshawar Valley]], in the [[Battle of Nowshera]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[1824 in India|1824]] || 12 February || [[Dayananda Saraswati]] is born<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hMPYnfS_R90C&pg=PA58 |title=Contemporary Hinduism: ritual, culture, and practice |date=2004 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-57607-905-8 |editor-last=Rinehart |editor-first=Robin |location=Santa Barbara, Calif |pages=58}}</ref> (to 1883)
|-
|5 March
|[[First Anglo-Burmese War]] (to 1826)
|-
| [[1825 in india|1825]]||December 1825 – January 1826|| Battle between [[East India Company]] and [[Bharatpur State]]
|-
| [[1826 in India|1826]]||4 January || [[British rule in Burma]] (to 1947)
|-
| [[1827 in India|1827]] || 11 April || [[Jyotirao Phule]] is born<ref>{{Cite book |last1=O'Hanlon |first1=Rosalind |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5kMrsTj1NeYC |title=Caste, conflict, and ideology: Mahatma Jotirao Phule and low caste protest in nineteenth-century western India |last2=Phule |first2=Jotīrāva Govindarāva |date=2002 |publisher=Cambridge Univ. Press |isbn=978-0-521-52308-0 |edition=1. paperback |series=Cambridge South Asian studies |location=Cambridge |pages=3, 105–106}}</ref> (to 1890)
|-
| [[1828 in India|1828]] || 19 November || [[Rani of Jhansi]] was born<ref>[[Karl E. Meyer|Meyer, Karl E.]] & [[Shareen Blair Brysac|Brysac, Shareen Blair]] (1999) ''Tournament of Shadows''. Washington, DC: Counterpoint; p. 138 – "Known to history as Lakshmi Bai, she was possibly only twelve in 1842 when she married the aging and infirm Rajah of Jhansi ..."</ref> (to 1858)
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[1831 in India|1831]]
|
|[[Kol uprising]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kumar |first=Anil |date=2001 |title=An Unknown Chapter of Kol-Insurrection |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44155808 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=62 |pages=621–626 |issn=2249-1937 |jstor=44155808}}</ref>
|-
| 6 May || Sikh Empire defeats the [[Mujahideen]] forces of [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi]] in the [[Battle of Balakot]]
|-
| [[1834 in India|1834]]|| 6 May || Sikh Empire defeats the forces of Afghan [[Durrani Empire]] in the [[Capture of Peshawar (1834)]]. Peshawar becomes part of the Sikh Empire.
|-
| [[1836 in India|1836]] ||18 February || [[Ramakrishna]] is born<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ramakrishna |title=The gospel of Sri Ramakrishna |date=2007 |publisher=Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center |isbn=978-0-911206-01-2 |edition=Ten printing |location=New York |pages=18 |translator-last=Nikhilānanda}}</ref> (to 1886)
|-
| [[1837 in India|1837]] ||18 February || [[Hari Singh Nalwa]], commander of the [[Sikh Khalsa Army]] defeats the [[Durrani Empire]] in the [[Battle of Jamrud]] and extends the frontier of [[Sikh Empire]] to beyond the Indus River right up to the mouth of the [[Khyber Pass]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1845 in India|1845]]||11 December || [[First Anglo-Sikh war]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sidhu |first=Amarpal S. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/936534848 |title=The Second Anglo-Sikh War |date=2016 |publisher=Amberley |isbn=978-1-4456-5023-4 |location=Stroud, Gloucestershire [England] |oclc=936534848}}</ref> (to 1846)
|-
| 4 November || [[Vasudev Balwant Phadke]] is born (to 1883)
|-
| [[1848 in India|1848]] ||22 November|| The [[Sikh Empire]] under [[Sher Singh Attariwalla]] defeats the [[British East India Company]] under [[Hugh Gough, 1st Viscount Gough|Sir Hugh Gough]] in the [[Battle of Ramnagar]]
|-
| [[1849 in India|1849]] ||13 January || The [[Sikh Empire]] under [[Sher Singh Attariwalla]] defeats the [[British East India Company]] under Sir Hugh Gough in the [[Battle of Chillianwala]]
|-
| [[1853 in India|1853]] ||1 April || The Post Service started.
|-
| [[1853 in India|1853]] || 16 April || The first railway is established between [[Bombay]] and [[Thane]].
|-
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1855 in India|1855]] || 31 May|| [[Rani Rashmoni]] complete the [[Dakshineswar Kali Temple]] with the installation of Ma Kali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Dakshineswar Kali Temple |url=https://www.dakshineswarkalitemple.org/history.html |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=www.dakshineswarkalitemple.org}}</ref>
|-
| 30 June || [[Santhal rebellion]]
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1856 in India|1856]] || 25 July || [[Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856]]
|-
| 23 July || [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]] is born (to 1920)
|-
| 20 August || [[Narayana Guru]] is born (to 1928)
|-General service enlistment act 1856
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1857 in India|1857]] || 10 May || British victory in [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].
Last [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Bahadur Shah Zafar]] was deposed by [[British East India Company]] and India transferred to [[British Crown]]. Marks the End of Mughal Dynasty rule over India.
|-
| 18 July, 24 January|| India's first three modern universities, ([[University of Mumbai]], [[University of Madras]], and the [[University of Calcutta|University of Calcutta)]], are established.
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[1858 in India|1858]]
| 1 November || [[British Raj]] (to 1947) Marks the Beginning Of Direct British Rule Over India For 89 Years(1858–1947).
|-
| 7 November || [[Bipin Chandra Pal]] is born (to 1932).
|-
| [[1859 in India|1859]] || 18 April || Death of [[Tatya Tope]].
|-
| [[1861 in India|1861]] || 7 May || [[Rabindranath Tagore]] is born.
|-
|[[1861 in India|1862]]
|
|The high courts of Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay are established.<ref>Chandra, Bipan. 'Administrative Organisation and Social and Cultural Policy.' Modern India. NCERT. 1971.</ref>
|-
| [[1863 in India|1863]] ||12 January || [[Swami Vivekanand]] is born (to 1902)
|-
| [[1865 in India|1865]] || 28 January || [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] is born (to 1928)
|-
| [[1867 in India|1867]] ||31 March || "[[Prarthana Samaj]]" established earlier known as "Atmiya Sabha", "[[Tahzeeb-ul-Akhlaq]]" was started
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[1869 in India|1869]] ||2 October || [[Mahatma Gandhi]] is born (to 30 January 1948)
|-
|29 November
|[[Thakkar Bapa]] is born (to 1951).
|-
|1873
|24 September
|Jyotirao Phule establishes the [[Satyashodhak Samaj]] society.
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[1875 in India|1875]]
| May–June|| [[Deccan Riots]].
|-
| 10 April|| "[[Arya Samaj]]" is established.
|-
| || [[Aligarh Muslim University]]
|-
|[[1876 in India|1876]]
|25 December
|[[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] was born (1876–1948)
|-
| [[1877 in India|1877]] || 1 January || The first [[Delhi Durbar]]
|-
| [[1883 in India|1883]]
|| 30 October|| Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati dies.
|-
| [[1885 in India|1885]] || 28 December || The [[Indian National Congress]] is established<ref name="bbc">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12641776|access-date=27 November 2013|title=BBC News – India profile – Timeline|work=BBC News |date=3 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131122050339/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12641776|archive-date=22 November 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[1889 in India|1889]] || 14 November || [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] is born (to 1964).
|-
| [[1889 in India|1889]] || 3 December|| [[Khudiram Bose]] is born (to 1908).
|-
| [[1891 in India|1891]] || 14 April || [[B. R. Ambedkar]] is born (to 1956).
|-
| [[1891 in India|1891]] || 31 March || [[Anglo-Manipur War]].
|-
|[[1895 in India|1895]]
|11 May
|[[Jiddu Krishnamurti|jiddu krishnamurti]] is born (to 17 February 1986).
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1897 in India|1897]]||23 January||[[Subhas Chandra Bose]] is born (to 1945); the first fingerprint bureau of India is established in Calcutta.
|-
| 11 June|| [[Ram Prasad Bismil]] is born
|-
| 22 June|| [[Chapekar brothers]] assassinate W.C.Rand.
|}

=== [[20th century]] ===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| [[1900 in India|1900]] || 3 March || [[Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi]] is born (to 1966).
|-
| [[1902 in India|1902]] || || [[Anushilan Samiti]], revolutionary association formed.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1903 in India|1903]] ||11 December || [[British expedition to Tibet]].
|-
| 1 January|| [[Delhi Durbar]] Second Time.
|-
| [[1904]] || 5 November|| [[University Act]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1905 in India|1905]] || || Bharat Sevak Samaj founded by [[Gopal Krishna Gokhale]].
|-
| 16 October || [[Partition of Bengal (1905)]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1906 in India|1906]] || April|| [[Jugantar]] formed.<ref>{{cite book |last=Shah |first=Mohammad |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |year=2012 |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |edition=Second |chapter=Jugantar Party |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Jugantar_Party}}</ref>
|-
| 30 December || [[All-India Muslim League]] formed in [[Dacca]].
|-
|[[1907]]
|
|[[Surat Split]].
|-
| [[1908 in India|1908]]
|| May|| [[Alipore bomb case]] takes place.
|-
| [[1909 in India|1909]] || 25 May|| [[Indian Councils Act 1909]] is enacted.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1911 in India|1911]] || || Cancellation of [[Partition of Bengal (1905)|Partition of Bengal]].
|-
| December|| [[Delhi Durbar#Durbar of 1911|Delhi Durbar]] Third Time.
|-
| rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1911 in India|1911]] || 12 December || The British government moves the capital from [[Calcutta]] to [[Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://famousdaily.com/history/indias-capital-moved-from-calcutta-to-new-delhi.html | title=India's capital is moved from Calcutta to New Delhi on 12 December 1911 | date=12 December 2012 | access-date=25 February 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301143257/http://famousdaily.com/history/indias-capital-moved-from-calcutta-to-new-delhi.html | archive-date=1 March 2014 | url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[1912 in India|1912]] || December|| [[Delhi conspiracy case]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1913 in India|1913]] || 15 July|| [[Gadar Party]] formed.
|-
| || [[Rabindranath Tagore]] won [[Nobel Prize in Literature]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1914 in India|1914]] || 26 August|| [[Rodda company arms heist]], in which members of Bengali revolutionary organisation Anushilan Samiti intercept and make away with a shipment of Mauser Pistols and ammunition. In the following years, these pistols and ammunitions were linked to almost all the instances of nationalist struggles in Bengal.
|-
| || [[Hindu–German Conspiracy]] takes place.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1915 in India|1915]] || || [[Ghadar conspiracy]].
|-
| 1 December|| [[Provisional Government of India]] formed in Kabul.
|-
| || [[Mahatma Gandhi]] returns to India.
|-
| [[1916 in India|1916]] || 29 December|| [[Lucknow Pact]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-12-29 |title=Historic Lucknow Pact enters 100th year |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Historic-Lucknow-Pact-enters-100th-year/articleshow/50360098.cms |access-date=2024-07-28 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1917 in India|1917]] || || [[Champaran Satyagraha]] and Kheda Satyagraha.
|-
| || [[Justice Party (India)]] is founded.
|-
|[[1918 in India|1918]] || || [[Kheda Satyagraha]] and [[champaran satyagraha|Ahmedabad Mill Strike]].
|-
| rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1919 in India|1919]] ||13 April
| [[Jallianwala Bagh massacre]] takes place.
|-
| || [[Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms]].
|-
| 18 March|| [[Rowlatt Act]] is passed.
|-
|23 December
|[[Government of India Act 1919]] introduces a system of [[Diarchy in Bombay Presidency|diarchy]]
|-
| [[1920 in India|1920]] || || [[Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922)|Non-cooperation movement]] and [[Khilafat Movement]].
|-[[1921 in India|1921]] || || [[Malabar rebellion]] [[Foundation Visva Bharati University by Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore]]
| [[1922 in India|1922]] || 5 February || [[Chauri Chaura incident]].
|-
| [[1924 in India|1924]] || October|| The [[Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]] is formed.
|-
| [[1925 in India|1925]] || 9 August || [[Kakori conspiracy]].
|-
| [[1925 in India|1925]] || 27 September || [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] (RSS) is founded.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1927 in India|1927]] || 20 March || [[Mahad Satyagraha]].
|-
| November || [[Simon Commission]].
|-
| [[1928 in India|1928]] || || [[Bardoli Satyagraha]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1929 in India|1929]] || || Central Assembly bombed by [[Bhagat Singh]] and [[Batukeshwar Dutt]].
|-
| || [[Purna Swaraj]] resolution.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1930 in India|1930]] || || [[Salt Satyagraha]], the civil disobedience movement, begins with the Dandi march.
|-
| || The first [[Round Table Conferences (India)]]
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1931 in India|1931]] || March || [[Gandhi–Irwin Pact]].
|-
| 23 March || [[Bhagat Singh]], [[Shivaram Rajguru|Rajguru]] and [[Sukhdev]] martyred
|-
| September–December || The second [[Round Table Conferences (India)]]
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1932 in India|1932]] || 24 September || [[Poona Pact]] established.
|-
| 16 August || [[Communal Award]].
|-
| November–December || The third [[Round Table Conferences (India)]].
|-
| [[1935 in India|1935]] || August || [[Government of India Act 1935]] is passed.
|-
| [[1937 in India|1937]] || || [[1937 Indian provincial elections]].
|-
| [[1939 in India|1939]] || || The [[All India Forward Bloc]] established by [[Subhas Chandra Bose]]
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1940 in India|1940]] || 23 March || [[Lahore Resolution]].
|-
|| || The [[All-India Jamhur Muslim League]] established by [[Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi]] to support a united India
|-
|8 August
|[[August Offer]].<ref>Radhey Shyam Chaurasia (2002). ''History of Modern India, 1707 A. D. to 2000 A.'' Atlantic Publishers. pp. 281-283</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1942 in India|1942]]|| late March || [[Cripps Mission]] follows.
|-
| August || 1. [[Quit India Movement]] 2. The [[Indian National Army]] is established by [[Subhas Chandra Bose]].
|-
| [[1943 in India|1943]] || || [[Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind]], the Provisional Government of Free India is formed by Netaji.
|-
| [[1944 in India|1944]] || || Subhas Chandra Bose calls [[Mahatma Gandhi]] the Father of the Nation.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1945 in India|1945]] || 18 August || [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] dies in a plane crash at Taiwan.
|-
| || Wavell Plan, [[Simla Conference]].
|-
| rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1946 in India|1946]] || February || [[Royal Indian Navy mutiny]] happens.
|-
| March || [[Cabinet Mission]].
|-
| 16 August || [[Direct Action Day|Direct Action Day/Great Calcutta Killings]].
|-
| October–November || [[Noakhali riots]] takes place.
|-
| rowspan="6" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1947 in India|1947]] || July || [[Indian Independence Act 1947]] by [[British Raj]].
|-
| 14 August || [[Partition of India]] and Pakistan becomes an independent state.<ref name="bbc" />
|-
| 15 August || Indian independence from the [[British Raj]].
|-
| 22 October || Pakistan starts the [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1947–1948]] a few weeks after its independence by launching tribal lashkar (militias) from Waziristan supported by irregular Pakistani forces, in an effort to capture Kashmir.
|-
| 7 November || [[Battle of Shalateng]] is fought on the outskirts of Srinagar, where on the advance of the tribal lashkar and Pakistani irregulars is halted and a counter-attack begins to push them back.
|-
| || Hundreds of thousands die in widespread communal bloodshed after partition, continuing to 1948.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1948 in India|1948]] || 30 January ||[[Mahatma Gandhi]] is assassinated by [[Nathuram Godse]].<ref name="CushRobinson2008">{{Cite book |last1=Cush |first1=Denise |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i_T0HeWE-EAC&pg=PA544 |title=Encyclopedia of Hinduism |last2=Robinson |first2=Catherine |last3=York |first3=Michael |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7007-1267-0 |page=544 |access-date=31 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012221104/http://books.google.com/books?id=i_T0HeWE-EAC&pg=PA544 |archive-date=12 October 2013 |url-status=live}} Quote: "The apotheosis of this contrast is the assassination of Gandhi in 1948 by a militant Nathuram Godse, on the basis of his 'weak' accommodationist approach towards the new state of Pakistan." (p. 544)</ref>
|-
| || [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947|War with Pakistan]] over disputed territory of [[Kashmir]].
|-
| || Telangana and other princely states are integrated into Indian union.
|-
| [[1950 in India|1950]] || [[Republic Day (India)|26 January]] || India officially becomes a republic.
|-
| [[1951 in India|1951]] || || Reconstruction of the [[Somnath temple]] under the orders of the Home Minister of India [[Vallabhbhai Patel]].<ref>{{Citation |first=R. |last=Venugopalam |year=2003 |title=Meditation: Any Time Any Where |place=Delhi |publisher= B. Jain Publishers |isbn=81-8056-373-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZtnNw_hiA9oC |pages=92–95}}</ref>
|-
| [[1951 in India|1951]] || || Congress Party wins first general elections under leadership of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] (to 1952).
|-
| [[1955 in India|1955]] || || Nationalisation of the Indian insurance sector.
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[1956 in India|1956]]
|1 September
|Establishment of [[Life Insurance Corporation|LIC]].
|-
| 14 October || [[B. R. Ambedkar]] converted to [[Buddhism]] along with 600,000 followers.
|-
| 6 December || [[B. R. Ambedkar]] died. [[States Reorganization Act]] in force from 1 November.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1962 in India|1962]] || || War over disputed territory of Kashmir<ref name="bbc" /> with China.
|-
| || [[India]] seizes [[Diu, India|Diu]], [[Daman District, India|Daman]] and [[Goa]] from [[Portuguese India]].
|-
| [[1964 in India|1964]] || 27 May || Death of Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]].
|-
| [[1965 in India|1965]] || 6–23 September || [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1965|Second war]] with Pakistan over Kashmir.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1966 in India|1966]] || 11 January || Prime Minister [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]'s mysterious death in Tashkent.
|-
| 24 January || Nehru's daughter [[Indira Gandhi]] becomes prime minister.
|-
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1969 in India|1969]]||19 July |||Nationalisation of 14 major private Banks.
|-
| 15 August ||[[Indian Space Research Organisation]] formed under [[Department of Space]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1971 in India|1971]] || 3–16 December || [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971|Third war]] with [[Pakistan]], culminating in the creation of [[Bangladesh]].
|-
| || Twenty-year treaty of friendship signed with Soviet Union.
|-
| [[1974 in India|1974]] || 18 May || The [[Smiling Buddha]] is the first [[nuclear device]] in underground test.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1975 in India|1975]] || 15 May || [[Sikkim]] becomes part of Indian Union after a referendum in the Sikkim Assembly.
|-
| 25 June || [[Indira Gandhi]] declares [[The Emergency (India)|a state of emergency]] after being found guilty of electoral malpractice. Nearly 1,000 political opponents imprisoned and programme of compulsory birth control introduced. (to 1977)
|-
| [[1977 in India|1977]] || || [[Indira Gandhi]]'s Congress Party loses general elections. Janata Party comes to power. The [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] comes into power in West Bengal.
|-
| [[1979 in India|1979]] || || The Janata Party splits. Chaudhary [[Charan Singh]] becomes Prime Minister.
|-
| [[1980 in India|1980]] || || [[Indira Gandhi]] returns to power heading the Congress party splinter group, Congress (Indira).
|-
| [[1983 in India|1983]] || || [[N. T. Rama Rao]] NTR's nine-month-old Telugu Desam assumes power in AP becoming a challenger post Loknayak Jayprakash Narayan against Indira Gandhi.
|-
| [[1983 in India|1983]] || || India won World Cup for the first time, in one day international Cricket led by Kapil Dev.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1984 in India|1984]]
| || Troops storm [[Golden Temple]], the Sikhs' most holy shrine, after [[Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale]] seeks refuge inside. There are a movement to flush out Sikh separatism and calls for secularism, called [[Operation Blue Star]]. "Anti-Sikh Riots 1984".
|-
| || [[Indira Gandhi]] is assassinated by her bodyguards; her son, Rajiv, takes over.
|-
| || Many Sikhs were killed due to the assassination of Indira Gandhi. ''see [[1984 anti-Sikh riots]].''
|-
| [[1987 in India|1987]] || || India deploys troops for peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict.
|-
| [[1988 in India|1988]] || || [[SEBI]] was established by The [[Government of India]] on 12 April 1988 and given statutory powers in 1992 with SEBI Act 1992 being passed by the [[Parliament of India|Indian Parliament]].
|-
| [[1989 in India|1989]] || || Falling public support leads to a Congress defeat in general election.
|-
| [[1989 in India|1989]] || || The [[National Front (India)]], headed by [[V. P. Singh]] and led by Janata Dal, is formed and storms into power with outside support from BJP and CPI(M).
|-
| [[1990 in India|1990]] || || Muslim separatist groups begin campaign of violence against Hindus in Kashmir resulting in [[Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1991 in India|1991]] || || [[Rajiv Gandhi]] is assassinated by a suicide bomber sympathetic to Sri Lanka's [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam|Tamil Tigers]].
|-
| || An economic reform programme or [[Economic liberalisation]] in India is begun by Prime Minister [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1992 in India|1992]] || December|| The [[demolition of the Babri Masjid]], triggering the [[Bombay riots]].
|-
| May|| Over 200 people die in [[Cuttack]] in [[Odisha]], after drinking illegally brewed liquor in the [[1992 Odisha liquor deaths]] incident.
|-
| [[1995 in India|1995]] || July || West Bengal Chief Minister [[Jyoti Basu]] made the first call from Kolkata to inaugurate the cellular services in India.
|-
| [[1996 in India|1996]] || || Congress suffers its worst electoral defeat ever as BJP emerges as the largest single party.
|-
| [[1996 in India|1996]] || August || The [[1996 Amarnath Yatra tragedy|Amarnath Yatra tragedy]] in which at least 194 pilgrims are reported to have frozen to death in northern Kashmir after being stranded by violent rain and snow storms.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1998 in India|1998]] || || BJP forms coalition government under Prime Minister [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]].
|-
| || India and Pakistan carry out nuclear tests, leading to widespread international condemnation.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[1999 in India|1999]] || February || [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee|Vajpayee]] makes a historic bus trip to Pakistan to meet Premier [[Nawaz Sharif]] and to sign bilateral Lahore peace declaration.
|-
| May || Indian Army launches operations to evict Pakistani forces occupying Indian positions on the icy heights in [[Kargil district]], known as the [[Kargil War]].
|-
| October || The [[1999 Odisha cyclone|Cyclone devastates eastern state of Odisha]], leaving at least 10,000 dead.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2000 in India|2000]] || March || US President [[Bill Clinton]] makes a groundbreaking visit to improve ties.
|-
| May || India marks the birth of its billionth citizen.
|-
|15 November ||The states of [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]] and [[Uttarakhand]] were created.
|}

=== [[21st century]] {{anchor|3rd millennium}} ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%"
|-
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date ||style="width:84%"| Event
|-
| rowspan="9" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2001 in India|2001]]|| 26 January || The 7.7 {{M|w}} [[2001 Gujarat earthquake|Gujarat earthquake]] shakes [[Western India]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of X (''Extreme''), leaving 13,805–20,023 dead and about 166,800 injured.
|-
| July || [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee|Vajpayee]] meets Pakistani President [[Pervez Musharraf]] in the first summit between the two neighbours in more than two years. The meeting ends without a breakthrough or even a joint statement because of differences over Kashmir.
|-
| July || Vajpayee's BJP party declines his offer to resign over a number of political scandals and the apparent failure of his talks with Pakistani President [[Pervez Musharraf|Musharraf]].

|-
| September || US lifts sanctions which it imposed against [[India]] and [[Pakistan]] after they staged nuclear tests in 1998. The move is seen as a reward for their support for the US-led anti-terror campaign.
|-
| October || India and Pakistan fire at each other's military posts in the heaviest firing along the dividing line of control in Kashmir for almost a year.<ref name="in.reuters.com">{{Cite news |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/india-pakistan-idINKCN0HV0OY20141006 |title=India-Pakistan fighting kills 9 civilians, 3 militants |publisher=Reuters|date=2014-10-06 |access-date=27 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219133539/http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/10/06/india-pakistan-idINKCN0HV0OY20141006 |archive-date=19 December 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| October || Pakistani forces shelled the village of Arnia about three km (two miles) from the border in the early hours of Monday 6 June, killing five and wounding at least two dozen civilians.<ref name="in.reuters.com" />
|-
| 13 December || [[2001 Indian Parliament attack|Terrorist attack on Indian parliament]] in New Delhi, killing several police. The five gunmen are killed in the assault.
|-
| December || India imposes sanctions against Pakistan, to force it to take action against two Kashmir militant groups blamed for the suicide attack on parliament. Pakistan retaliates with similar sanctions, and bans the groups in January.
|-
|December
|Indian and Pakistani mass troops on common border amid mounting fears of a looming war.
|-
| rowspan="5" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2002 in India|2002]] || January || India successfully test-fires a nuclear-capable ballistic missile – the Agni – off its eastern coast.
|-
| February || Inter-religious bloodshed breaks out after 59 Hindu pilgrims returning from Ayodhya are killed in a train fire in Godhra, Gujarat. More than 1,000 people, die in subsequent riots. (Police and officials blamed the fire on a Muslim mob; a 2005 government investigation said it was an accident, though later court and SIT report held Muslim mob responsible.)
|-
| May || Pakistan test-fires three medium-range surface-to-surface Ghauri missiles, which are capable of carrying nuclear warheads.
|-
| June || The UK and US urge their citizens to leave India and Pakistan, while maintaining diplomatic offensive to avert war.
|-
| July || Retired scientist and architect of India's missile programme [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]] is elected president.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2003 in India|2003]] || August || [[August 2003 Mumbai bombings|Two simultaneous bomb blasts in Bombay]], in which over 50 people are killed in, by Pakistan-based [[Lashkar-e-Taiba]].
|-
| November || India matches Pakistan's declaration of a Kashmir ceasefire.
|-
| December || India, Pakistan agree to resume direct air links and to allow overflights.
|-
| rowspan="5" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2004 in India|2004]] || January || Groundbreaking meeting is held between government and moderate Kashmir separatists.
|-
| May || Surprise victory for Congress Party in general elections. [[Manmohan Singh]] is sworn in as prime minister.
|-
| September || India, along with Brazil, Germany and Japan, launches an application for a permanent seat on the [[UN Security Council]].
|-
| November || India begins to withdraw some of its troops from Kashmir.
|-
| December || Thousands are killed when [[tsunami]], caused by the [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami|2004 Indian Ocean earthquake]] off the [[Indonesia]]n coast, devastate coastal communities in the south and in the [[Andaman Islands|Andaman]] and [[Nicobar Islands|Nicobar]] Islands.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2005 in India|2005]] || July || More than 1,000 people are killed in floods and landslides caused by monsoon rains in Mumbai (Bombay) and Maharashtra region.
|-
| 8 October || The 7.6 {{M|w}} [[2005 Kashmir earthquake|Kashmir earthquake]] strikes with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of VIII (''Severe''), leaving 86,000–87,351 people dead, 69,000–75,266 injured, and 2.8 million homeless.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2006 in India|2006]] || February || India's largest-ever rural jobs scheme is launched, aimed at lifting around 60 million families out of poverty.
|-
| March || US and India sign a nuclear agreement during a visit by US President George W. Bush. The US gives India access to civilian nuclear technology while India agrees to greater scrutiny for its nuclear programme.
|-
| rowspan="8" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2007 in India|2007]] || February || India and Pakistan sign an agreement aimed at reducing the risk of accidental nuclear war.
|-
| 18 February || 68 passengers, most of them Pakistanis, are killed by bomb blasts and a blaze on a train travelling from New Delhi to the Pakistani city of Lahore.
|-
| March || Maoist rebels in Chhattisgarh state kill more than 50 policemen in a dawn attack.
|-
| April || India's first commercial space rocket is launched, carrying an Indian satellite.
|-
| May || Government announces its strongest economic growth figures for 20 years – 9.4% in the year to March.
|-
| May || At least nine people are killed in a bomb explosion at the main mosque in Hyderabad. Several others are killed in subsequent rioting.
|-
| July || India says the number of its people with HIV or AIDS is about half of earlier official tallies. Health ministry figures put the total at between 2 million and 3.1 million cases, compared with previous estimates of more than 5 million.
|-
| 25 July || [[Pratibha Patil]] becomes first woman to be elected president of India.
|-
| rowspan="5" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2008 in India|2008]] || July || Series of explosions kills 49 in Ahmedabad, in Gujarat state. The little-known terrorist group Indian Mujahideen claims responsibility.
|-
| October || Following approval by the US Congress, President [[George W. Bush]] signs into law a nuclear deal with India, which ends a three-decade ban on US nuclear trade with Delhi.
|-
| 22 October || India successfully launches its first mission to the moon, the uncrewed lunar probe [[Chandrayaan-1]].<ref>{{cite news |date=22 October 2008 |title=PSLV-C11 Successfully Launches Chandrayaan-1 |url=http://www.isro.gov.in/pressrelease/scripts/pressreleasein.aspx?Oct22_2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107014114/http://isro.gov.in/pressrelease/scripts/pressreleasein.aspx?Oct22_2008 |archive-date=7 January 2012 |access-date=11 March 2012 |publisher=ISRO}}</ref>
|-
| 26–29 November || The [[2008 Mumbai attacks]] (often called the 26/11 attacks) kill 174 people, including 9 of the 10 terrorists from [[Lashkar-e-Taiba]], an Islamic terrorist organisation based in Pakistan. India decides not to attack Pakistan in retaliation.
|-
| December || India announces "pause" in peace process with Pakistan. Indian cricket team cancels planned tour of Pakistan.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2009 in India|2009]] || February || India and Russia sign deals worth $700 million, according to which Moscow will supply Uranium to Delhi.
|-
| May || Resounding general election victory gives governing Congress-led alliance of PM [[Manmohan Singh]] an enhanced position in parliament, only 11 seats short of an absolute majority.
|-
| July || Delhi court decriminalizes gay sex.
|-
| rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2010 in India|2010]] || 13 February <td> 16 people are killed in a [[2010 Pune bombing|bomb explosion at German Bakery]] in the city of [[Pune]], Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite news |date=21 February 2010 |title=Death toll rises to 15 in Pune German Bakery blast |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_pune-blast-toll-rises-to-15_1350620 |access-date=21 February 2010 |newspaper=Daily News and Analysis}}</ref></td>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2011 in India|2011]] || 2 April <td> India wins cricket world cup after 28 years under the captaincy of [[MS Dhoni]].</td>
|-
| 13 May <td> After 34 years of [[Left Front (West Bengal)|Left Front]] Government, [[Trinamool Congress]] and Congress alliance come to power in [[West Bengal]].</td>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2012 in India|2012]] || 25 July <td> [[Pranab Mukherjee]], the former Finance Minister is elected as the 13th president of India.</td>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2013 in India|2013]] || 12 February || [[2013 Indian helicopter bribery scandal|Indian helicopter bribery scandal]] comes to light.
|-
| 21 February || [[2013 Hyderabad blasts|Terror attacks in Hyderabad]] in [[Dilsukhnagar]] area.
|-
| 5 November || [[Mars Orbiter Mission]], is successfully launched into Mars orbit by the [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO).<ref name='Pro'>{{cite news |last=Walton |first=Zach |title=India Announces Mars Mission One Week After Curiosity Landing |url=http://www.webpronews.com/india-announces-mars-mission-one-week-after-curiosity-landing-2012-08 |date=15 August 2012 |work=Web Pro News |access-date=8 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925110129/http://www.webpronews.com/india-announces-mars-mission-one-week-after-curiosity-landing-2012-08 |archive-date=25 September 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="India-20120815">{{cite news |title=Manmohan Singh formally announces India's Mars mission |url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/article3775271.ece |date=15 August 2012 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=31 August 2012 |author=Staff |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831120009/http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/article3775271.ece |archive-date=31 August 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NYT-20120830">{{cite news |last=Bal |first=Hartosh Singh |title=BRICS in Space |url=http://latitude.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/30/india-and-china-race-to-send-a-mission-to-mars/ |date=30 August 2012 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=31 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902000018/http://latitude.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/30/india-and-china-race-to-send-a-mission-to-mars/ |archive-date=2 September 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2014 in India|2014]] || 16 May || [[Narendra Modi]] elected as prime minister of India, Congress was routed in the general elections.
|-
| 2 June || [[Telangana]], The state of Telangana was officially formed on 2 June 2014.
|-
| style="vertical-align: top;" |[[2015 in India|2015]]
|21 June
|The first [[International Day of Yoga|International Yoga Day]] was held.
|-
| rowspan="6" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2016 in India|2016]] || 2–5 January || [[2016 Pathankot attack|Terror Attacks]] on [[Pathankot]] Air Base.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Pathankot terror attack: Terrorists hid overnight in airbase shed|url = http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/pathankot-attack-terrorists-hid-overnight-in-airbase-shed/|website = The Indian Express|date = 2016-01-13|access-date = 2016-01-13|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160113195307/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/pathankot-attack-terrorists-hid-overnight-in-airbase-shed/|archive-date = 13 January 2016|url-status = live}}</ref>
|-
| 27 June || India becomes a member of [[Missile Technology Control Regime]].
|-
| 23 September || India signs a billion-dollar defence deal with France to buy 36 Rafale fighter jets.
|-
| 27 September || India launches its first space laboratory, [[AstroSat]], in its biggest project since its Mars orbiter mission in 2014.
|-
| style="vertical-align: top;" |28 September
|India conducted Surgical Strike in response to Uri attack on army base on September 18, 2016
|-
| 8 November || In a surprise announcement, the government [[2016 Indian banknote demonetisation|withdraws high denomination notes]] from circulation causing chaotic scenes at banks across the country as customers try to exchange old notes.
|-
| rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2017 in India|2017]] || 30 June || The [[Goods and Services Tax (India)|Goods and Services Tax]] (GST) launched, the biggest tax reform in history of India.
|-
| rowspan="6" style="vertical-align:top;"|[[2019 in India|2019]]
| 14 February ||A convoy of vehicles carrying [[Central Reserve Police Force]] (CRPF) personnel on the [[Jammu–Srinagar National Highway]] was attacked by a vehicle-borne [[Suicide Bomber|suicide bomber]] in the [[Pulwama district]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India.
|-
|26 February||The [[2019 Balakot airstrike]] was conducted by India, when Indian warplanes crossed the [[Line of Control|de facto border]] in the disputed region of [[Kashmir]], and dropped bombs in the vicinity of the town of Balakot in [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] province in Pakistan.
|-
|27 February ||The 2019 Balakot strike from Indian side was given a reply named "Swift Retort". After a dog fight between Pakistani and Indian Fighter Pilots. Indian Wing Commander [[Abhinandan Varthaman]] was captured by the Pakistani side. However acting to the pressure of various global leaders and bound by the [[Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties|Vienna Convention]]. Pakistan was Forced to release the Indian Pilot with all due respect.
|-
| 22 May || [[2019 Indian general election]], Narendra Modi is re-elected as the Prime Minister of India.
|-
| 5 August || The state of Jammu and Kashmir divided into two separate union territories known as Jammu Kashmir and Ladakh by scrapping of [[Article 370 of the Constitution of India]].
|-
|11 December ||The [[Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019]] was passed by the Parliament of India on 11 December 2019. It amended the Citizenship Act of 1955 by providing a path to Indian citizenship for members of Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian religious minorities, who had fled persecution from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan before December 2014.
|-
|[[2020 in India|2020]]
|30 January ||The first COVID-19 case of the country was reported in Kerala's Thrissur district.
|-
|[[2021 in India|2021]]
|12 May|| [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]], with an official death toll of 533,847.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | [[2022 in India|2022]]
|18 July|| [[Droupadi Murmu]] is [[Election|elected]] as [[President of India]], making her the first tribal woman and youngest person to the office.
|-
|30 October|| The [[2022 Morbi bridge collapse|collapse of a suspension bridge]] in Gujarat, leaves at least 135 dead.
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[2023 in India|2023]]
|2 June|| A [[2023 Odisha train collision|train collision in Odisha]] results in at least 296 deaths and more than 1,200 others injured.
|-
|3 July|| Indian [[oil refiners]] start payments for Russian oil imports in [[Chinese yuan]] as an alternative to the [[US dollar]] due to increasing [[sanctions against Russia]].
|-
|23 August|| [[Chandrayaan-3]] becomes the first spacecraft to land near the [[lunar south pole]], carrying a [[lunar lander]] named [[Vikram (spacecraft)|Vikram]] and a [[lunar rover]] named ''[[Pragyan (Chandrayaan-3)|Pragyan]]''.
|-
|2 September|| The [[Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)]] successfully launches [[Aditya-L1]], India's first solar observation mission.
|-
| rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;" |[[2024 in India|2024]]
|June|| [[2024 Indian general election]], Narendra Modi elected as Prime Minister for third term.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;" |[[2025 in India|2025]]
|13 January|| The 45-day [[2025 Prayag Maha Kumbh Mela]] held, with over 660 million (66 crore) devotees coming to [[Prayagraj]] to participate in the bathing rituals at the sacred confluence of the [[Ganges|Ganga]], [[Yamuna]], and the mythical [[Saraswati River|Saraswati]] rivers.
|-
|22 April|| [[2025 Pahalgam attack|Terror attack in Pahalgam]], Kashmir. Terrorists open fire on tourists, killing 26 and injuring 20. India blames the attack on Pakistan based terrorists, and the [[Pakistan and state-sponsored terrorism|Pakistan government for supporting and enabling them]].
|-
|6-7 May|| India launches precision missile strikes named [[2025 India–Pakistan conflict|Operation Sindoor]] on 9 terrorist hideouts in Pakistan and Pakistan occupied Kashmir, as a punitive retaliation for the Pahalgam attack.
|-
| style="vertical-align: top;" |[[2026 in India|2026]]
|27 January
|The [[India–European Union Free Trade Agreement|India-European Union Free Trade Agreement]] is announced in New Delhi.
|}

== See also ==
* [[Chronology of Tamil history]]
* [[Hindu units of time]]
* [[Sikh gurus]] (1469–1666)
* [[Tamil units of measurement]]
* [[Timeline of Ahmedabad]]
* [[Timeline of Ayyavazhi history]]
* [[History of Hinduism]]
* [[Timeline of Buddhism]] (563 BCE – present)
* [[Timeline of Jainism]]
* [[Timeline of Mumbai]]
* [[Timeline of South Asian history]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{citation |last=Wright |first=Rita P. |title=The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy, and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MG2ztAEACAAJ |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-521-57219-4}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12641776 BBC India Timeline]

{{India year nav}}
{{India topics}}

[[Category:Indian history timelines| ]]
[[Category:Timelines by country|India]]

Madho Patti

2026-03-22T09:44:22Z

Marinazhg:

{{Short description|Indian village in Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Madho Patti
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh#India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|25|40|36|N|82|41|51|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Uttar Pradesh|Division]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[Community development block|Block]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Varanasi division|Varanasi]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Jaunpur district|Jaunpur]]
| subdivision_name4 = Jaunpur
| established_title =
| government_type = [[Gram panchayat]]
| governing_body =
| leader_title1 = MLA
| leader_name1 =
| population_as_of = [[2011 Census of India|2011]]
| population_footnotes =
| population_note =
| population_total =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN Code]]
| postal_code = 222001
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = +91-5452
| registration_plate = [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India|UP-62]]
}}

'''Madho Patti''' ([[Hindi]]: माधो पट्टी) is a rural village in Jaunpur Block of [[Jaunpur district]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]]. People of Kshatriya, Yadav, Maurya, Khatik, Kumhar, Nat, Kayastha etc castes live in Gaddipur Madhopatti village with a population of four thousand.<ref name=":0" /> This village is situated around 7 km from [[Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh|Jaunpur]] city. It is said that village is making a significant contribution to the country. The hamlet has given India 47 [[Indian Administrative Service]] and state PCS{{clarify|What is PCS?|date=September 2025}} officers. It all began in 1914, when Mohammad Mustafa Hussain cleared the civil services under British rule, becoming the village's first officer.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chaturvedi |first=Megha |date=September 6, 2025 |title=The Madhopatti Story: Why this tiny UP village is known as India's IAS factory |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/featurephilia/story/madhopatti-upsc-success-civil-servants-community-mentorship-uttar-pradesh-2782550-2025-09-06}}</ref> In 1952, Indu Prakash Singh became the IFS officer followed by Vinay Kumar Singh (IAS) in 1955, who later went on to become the [[chief secretary (India)|chief secretary]] of [[Bihar]].<ref>{{cite web |title=75 Households, 47 IAS Officers: Madhopatti, A Village In UP Is The True 'Incredible India |url=https://thelogicalindian.com/story-feed/get-inspired/75-households-47-ias-officers-madhopatti-is-the-true-incredible-india/?infinitescroll=1 |website=thelogicalindian.com | date=18 January 2016 }}</ref>

A number of people have chosen for a career in civil services; some youngsters from the village have also found successful careers with the [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO), the [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] and the [[World Bank]]. Not just this, the village has broken a record after four siblings cracked the exam and got selected for the IAS.it has an area of about 1500 to 1600 acres

==Relevance==
It is among those villages that have a status of IAS and [[Indian Police Service|IPS officers]]. The specialty of this village is that this village has so far given 47 IAS and IPS officers to the country. All these are presently employed in the offices of [[Prime Minister of India|prime minister]] and [[Chief Ministers of India|chief ministers]]. This village was in the [[media (communication)|media]] for many years as representatives of [[news broadcasting|news channels]] and [[newspapers]] have been visiting this village. Despite being such a big specialty, this village is still beyond the eyes of the government. Till now, no one's eyes have gone towards this village.<ref>{{cite web |title=This Tiny Village in Uttar Pradesh Has 75 Households — and 47 IAS Officers! |url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/43310/madhopatti-jaunpur-uttar-pradesh-75-households-47-ias-officers/ |website=thebetterindia.com}}</ref>

==Culture of civil service==
There are a total of 75 houses in Madho Patti village, but the number of officers who came out of this place is more than 50. It is not just about sons and daughters of this village, daughters-in-law are also handling the post of officers. Students here start preparing for the [[Civil Services Examination]] from college time itself. They start basic preparation from the time of [[college]], after which they sit in the exam with complete preparation. Local people say that the people here see competition in the field of education and its performance is seen in their results.<ref>{{cite web |title=जौनपुर: 75 घरों का ये गांव दे चुका है 47 IAS, ये है इनकी सफलता का मूलमंत्र india
|url=https://hindi.timesnownews.com/trending-viral/article/uttar-pradesh-jaunpur-madhopatti-village-with-75-house-produce-47-ias-lacking-basic-amenities/407741 |website=hindi.timesnownews.com}}</ref>

==Demographic==
The village of Madho Patti has a population of around 4,000 which is inhabited by people belonging to the Kshatriya, Yadav, Maurya, Khatik, Kumhar, Nat, Kayastha etc castes.<ref name=":0" /> In this village of officers, most of the population is dependent on [[farming]].

[[Wheat]], gram, [[peas]], [[pigeon pea]], [[Mustard (condiment)|mustard]], [[potato]], [[maize]], [[sugarcane]] etc. are cultivated in the village. The village has three [[primary schools]] and a [[Middle school|junior high school]], two [[Junior college|inter colleges]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=अफसर पैदा करती है इस गांव की मिट्टी |url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/jaunpur/the-officer-makes-the-soil-of-this-village-jaunpur-news-vns474159864 |website=amarujala.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Jaunpur district}}

[[Category:Villages in Jaunpur district]]

2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election

2026-03-21T18:23:02Z

Marinazhg: adjust citations per sources

{{Short description|Election in India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
| country = India
| flag_year = 1996
| type = Legislative
| ongoing = no
| party_colour = yes
| previous_election = 2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
| previous_year = 2010
| election_date = {{Start date|df=yes|2015|10|12}} – {{End date|df=yes|2015|11|5}}
| next_election = 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
| next_year = 2020
| seats_for_election = All 243 seats of the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
| majority_seats = 122
| opinion_polls =
| turnout = 56.91% ({{increase}}4.18%)
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Tejaswi Yadav 2023.jpg|bSize=110|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=10|oTop=04}}
| leader1 = [[Tejashwi Yadav]]
| party1 = [[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
| alliance1 = [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|MGB]]
| leader_since1 = 2015
| leaders_seat1 = Raghopur
| last_election1 = 22
| seats1 = '''80'''
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 58
| popular_vote1 = 69,95,509
| percentage1 = 18.4%
| swing1 = {{decrease}} 0.44%
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Nitish Kumar (cropped).JPG|bSize=110|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=10|oTop=04}}
| colour2 = 003366
| leader2 = [[Nitish Kumar]]
| party2 = JD(U)
| alliance2 = [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|MGB]]
| leader_since2 = 2005
| leaders_seat2 = [[Bihar Legislative Council|MLC]](didn't contested)
| last_election2 = 115
| seats2 = 71
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 44
| popular_vote2 = 64,16,414
| percentage2 = 16.8%
| swing2 = {{decrease}} 5.81%
| image3 = {{CSS image crop|Image=The Leader of Opposition, Bihar, Shri Sushil Kumar Modi in New Delhi on January 08 (cropped2).jpg|bSize=110|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=05|oTop=0}}
| leader3 = [[Sushil Kumar Modi]]
| party3 = BJP
| alliance3 = National Democratic Alliance (India)
| leader_since3 = 2005
| leaders_seat3 = [[Bihar Legislative Council|MLC]]
| last_election3 = 91
| seats3 = 53
| seat_change3 = {{decrease}} 38
| popular_vote3 = '''93,08,015'''
| percentage3 = '''24.4%'''
| swing3 = {{increase}} 7.94%
| map = {{Switcher|[[File:2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly Election Result Map.svg|350px]]|Partywise results by constituency|[[File:2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly Alliance Wise Election Result Map.svg|350px]]|Alliance wise results by constituency}}
| map2 = {{Switcher|[[File:Bharat Bihar Vidhan Sabha 2015.svg|350px]]|Partywise structure|[[File:Bharat Bihar Vidhan Sabha Alliance Wise 2015.svg|350px]]|Alliance wise structure}}
| title = [[List of Chief Ministers of Bihar|Chief Minister]]
| before_election = [[Nitish Kumar]]
| before_party = [[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
| after_election = [[Nitish Kumar]]
| after_party = [[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
| image4 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Ashok Chaudhary.jpg|bSize=110|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=10|oTop=04}}
| leader4 = [[Ashok Chaudhary]]
| party4 = Indian National Congress
| alliance4 = [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|MGB]]
| home_state4 = [[Bihar]]
| last_election4 = 4
| seats4 = 27
| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 23
| popular_vote4 = 2,539,638
| percentage4 = 6.7%
| swing4 = {{decrease}} 1.68%
}}

The '''Legislative Assembly election''' was held over five phases in the Indian state of [[Bihar]] through October–November 2015 before the end of the tenure of the prior [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] on 29 November 2015.<ref name="myref1">{{Cite web|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2015/01/amit-shah-sets-mission-185-for-bihar-bjp-in-2015-assembly-polls/|title=Amit Shah sets Mission 185+ for Bihar BJP in 2015 Assembly Polls|access-date=24 January 2015|publisher=Bihar Prabha}}</ref><ref name="myref2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.india.com/news/india/bihar-assembly-elections-2015-jitan-ram-manjhi-has-become-announcement-minister-says-sushil-modi-267603/|title=Bihar Assembly Elections 2015: Jitan Ram Manjhi has become 'announcement minister', says Sushil Modi|date=February 2015|access-date=1 February 2015|publisher=india.com}}</ref>

In April 2015, the Janata Parivar Alliance group (a group of six parties – [[Samajwadi Party]], [[Janata Dal (United)]], [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]], [[Janata Dal (Secular)]], [[Indian National Lok Dal]] and [[Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/6-parties-of-janata-parivar-announce-merger-mulayam-singh-yadav-to-be-chief-of-new-party-755202|title=6 Parties of Janata Parivar Announce Merger, Mulayam Singh Yadav to be Chief of New Party|website=NDTV.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Jha|first=Srinand|date=16 April 2015|title=Six parties unite to form Janata Parivar; Mulayam is the new party chief|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/janata-parivar-merger-almost-formalised-to-face-first-acid-test-in-bihar-polls/article1-1337502.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415193232/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/janata-parivar-merger-almost-formalised-to-face-first-acid-test-in-bihar-polls/article1-1337502.aspx|archive-date=2015-04-15|website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref> announced their intention to fight the election, with [[Nitish Kumar]] as their Chief Ministerial candidate. The Janta Parivar was joined by the [[Indian Union Muslim League| Muslim League ]] and the [[Nationalist Congress Party]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/analysis-janata-parivar-advantage-but-long-battle-ahead/article1-1356401.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150609045545/http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/analysis-janata-parivar-advantage-but-long-battle-ahead/article1-1356401.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 June 2015|title=Analysis: Advantage Janata Parivar, but it's a long fight ahead|work=Hindustan Times }}</ref> This coalition was restructured as ''[[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|Mahagatabandhan]]'' when the [[ Samajwadi party ]], [[Janata Dal (Secular)]], [[Indian National Lok Dal]] and [[Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)]] departed from the Janata Parivar Alliance.

The [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]-led [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]] fought the election alongside the [[Lok Janshakti Party]], the [[Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]] and [[Hindustani Awam Morcha]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/bihar-assembly-polls/bihar-election-bjp-starts-campaign-wins-over-manjhi-to-its-camp/articleshow/47636279.cms|title=Bihar election: BJP starts campaign, wins over Manjhi to its camp |website=The Times of India|date=12 June 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-elections-2015-bjp-needs-to-reach-out-to-mahadalits/articleshow/48490115.cms|title=Bihar elections 2015: BJP needs to reach out to Mahadalits|first=Ravish|last=Tiwari|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/472622/rise-janata-parivar.html|title=Rise of Janata parivar|date=19 April 2015|website=Deccan Herald}}</ref>

Six left parties fought jointly, independently from both of the two main blocs.<ref name="Dipankar">Catch News. ''[http://www.catchnews.com/politics-news/voters-dissatisfied-with-nitish-lalu-will-choose-us-not-bjp-says-cpi-ml-chief-1442682779.html Voters dissatisfied with Nitish & Lalu will choose us, not BJP, says CPI(ML) chief]''</ref><ref name="July 24 Left">{{cite news | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/assembly-elections-2015/bihar-polls/story/bihar-assembly-seats-left-parties-contest-communist-party-284515-2015-07-24 | title=Left parties to contest all 243 Bihar Assembly seats | work=India Today | date=24 July 2015 | agency=Indo-Asian News Service | access-date=25 July 2015 | location=Patna}}</ref>

This election saw the highest voter turnout in Bihar assembly polls since [[2000 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2000]], with a 56.8% voter turnout in this election.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/bihar-sees-highest-turnout-in-15-years/articleshow/49680562.cms|title=Bihar sees highest turnout in 15 years|website=The Times of India|date=6 November 2015 }}</ref> The Mahagathbandhan (Grand Alliance) of RJD, JD(U), and INC won a decisive majority with 178 seats. Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) emerged as the single largest party with 80 seats, followed by JD(U) with 71 seats, and Congress with 27 seats. The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) secured a total of 58 seats, of which the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won 53. In terms of vote share, the BJP secured the highest share with 24.4%, followed by the RJD with 18.4% and the JD(U) with 16.8%. The Congress obtained 6.7%.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/bihar-election-results-2015-bjp-fails-to-win-but-tops-vote-share/articleshow/49738949.cms|title=In Bihar, BJP fails to win, but tops vote share |website=The Times of India|date=10 November 2015 }}</ref>

[[File:Bihar in India.png|thumb|right|[[Bihar]]]]

==Background==
{{main|2015 Bihar political crisis}}

===Electoral process changes===
[[File:NOTA Option Logo.svg|thumb|70px|[[None of the above|NOTA]] symbol]]

[[Election Commission of India]] announced that around 1,000 [[Voter-verified paper audit trail]] (VVPAT) machines will be used along with EVM in 36 out of the 243 assembly seats in Bihar elections, spread over 38 districts.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/bihar-assembly-polls-in-sept-oct-cec-29296.html|title=Bihar Assembly polls possible in Sept-Oct: CEC Nasim Zaidi|date=17 May 2015|website=www.indiatvnews.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/india/bihar-assembly-polls-havent-received-official-proposal-regarding-janata-parivar-merger-says-cec_1598554.html|title=Bihar Assembly polls: Haven't received official proposal regarding Janata Parivar merger, says CEC|date=20 May 2015|website=Zee News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=17 May 2015|title=Bihar assembly polls likely to be held in Sept-Oct: CEC|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-polls-likely-in-sept-oct-low-voter-turnouts-and-bribery-are-major-challenges-cec/article1-1348115.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611184539/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-polls-likely-in-sept-oct-low-voter-turnouts-and-bribery-are-major-challenges-cec/article1-1348115.aspx|archive-date=2015-06-11|website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/36-seats-in-bihar-to-have-electronic-voting-machines-with-paper-trail-facility-1204308|title=36 Seats in Bihar to Have Electronic Voting Machines With Paper Trail Facility|website=NDTV.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=5 August 2015|title=Poll-bound Bihar to get 36 EVMs with paper trail facility|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/poll-bound-bihar-to-get-36-evms-with-paper-trail-facility/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/india/ec-special-teams-to-visit-bihar-to-check-electoral-rolls-1002780.html|title=News, Breaking News, Latest News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18|website=News18}}</ref> [[Electronics Corporation of India Limited|ECIL]] manufactured VVPATs will be used in 10 assembly constituencies, while [[Bharat Electronics|BEL]] manufactured VVPAT will be used in 26 assembly constituencies.<ref>{{Cite web|date=22 September 2015|title=General Election to the State Legislative Assembly of Bihar, 2015 – Use of EVMs with Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail System (VVPAT)|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/Current/ImpIns_24092015.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117025925/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/Current/ImpIns_24092015.pdf|archive-date=2015-11-17|website=eci.nic.in}}</ref> The election information was webcast for the first time and voters can locate their polling booth on phones via an app.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chauhan|first=Chetan|date=13 August 2015|title=Bihar polls from mid-October, maybe spread over 4–7 phases|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-assembly-elections-likely-from-mid-oct/article1-1379427.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150814070855/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-assembly-elections-likely-from-mid-oct/article1-1379427.aspx|archive-date=2015-08-14|website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref> About 1.5 [[crore]] voters would be informed about the voting dates via [[SMS]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Shandilya|first=Manish|date=18 September 2015|title=बिहार चुनाव में पांच सबसे बड़ी चुनौतियां|url=http://www.bbc.com/hindi/india/2015/09/150917_bihar_five_challenges_to_election_sr|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920175716/http://www.bbc.com/hindi/india/2015/09/150917_bihar_five_challenges_to_election_sr|archive-date=2015-09-20|website=bbc.com|language=hi}}</ref>

Election Commission used three new software products – Suvidha, Samadhan and Sugam – to facilitate campaigning, public grievance redressal and vehicle management in Bihar.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Verma|first=Sanjeev Kumar|date=4 April 2016|title=Apps for India, from Patna Election Commission uses city firm's software|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1160404/jsp/frontpage/story_78165.jsp#.V_lTYOV97IV|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160608103200/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1160404/jsp/frontpage/story_78165.jsp#.V1f0IxFxeCg|archive-date=2016-06-08|website=telegraphindia.com}}</ref> Electoral Roll Management Software helped in addition/deletion/upgradation of rolls.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/tech-savvy-ec-behind-smooth-election-in-bihar/articleshow/49694188.cms|title=Tech-savvy Election Commission behind smooth election in Bihar |website=The Times of India|date=7 November 2015 }}</ref> Android based app 'Matdan' helped the commission with poll-day monitoring in Bihar. Election Commission launched a special drive, Systematic Voters' Education And Electoral Participation (SVEEP) for voter awareness and higher voter turn out in Bihar elections.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Systematic Voters' Education And Electoral Participation - SVEEP|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/current/SVEEP_document.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405044738/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/current/SVEEP_document.pdf|archive-date=2014-04-05|website=eci.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/vote-and-make-me-proud-muzaffarpur-to-citizens/articleshow/49315141.cms|title=Vote and make me proud: Muzaffarpur to citizens |website=The Times of India|date=11 October 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-bihar-polls-record-57-in-first-phase-2134264|title=Bihar polls record 57% in first phase|first=Manan|last=Kumar|date=13 October 2015|website=DNA India}}</ref> Bihar would be the first state to have photo electoral rolls, with photographs of candidates on EVMs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/politics/contesting-the-bihar-polls-dummy-candidates-are-no-more-a-worry|title=Contesting the Bihar Polls? Dummy Candidates Beware|first=Aviral|last=Virk|date=10 September 2015|website=TheQuint}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/now-photos-of-candidates-on-evms-to-weed-out-dummies/articleshow/46739479.cms|title=Now, photos of candidates on EVMs to weed out 'dummies' |website=The Times of India|date=30 March 2015 }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" | align="right"
|-
! colspan="4" | Assembly constituencies of Bihar having [[Voter-verified paper audit trail|VVPAT]] facility with EVMs<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/ec-move-to-allay-fears-about-errors-in-evms/articleshow/49199345.cms|title=EC move to allay fears about errors in EVMs |website=The Times of India|date=2 October 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Katihar Assembly constituency|Katihar]]|| [[Purnia Assembly constituency|Purnia]]|| [[Kishanganj, Bihar Assembly constituency|Kishanganj]]|| [[Saharsa Assembly constituency|Saharsa]]
|-
| [[Samastipur Assembly constituency|Samastipur]]|| [[Forbesganj Assembly constituency|Forbesganj]]|| [[Munger Assembly constituency|Munger]]|| Jamui
|-
| [[Madhubani Assembly constituency|Madhubani]]|| [[Begusarai Assembly constituency|Begusarai]]|| [[Khagaria Assembly constituency|Khagaria]]|| [[Gopalganj Assembly constituency|Gopalganj]]
|-
| [[Supaul Assembly constituency|Supaul]]|| [[Madhepura Assembly constituency|Madhepura]]||[[Sasaram Assembly constituency|Sasaram]]|| [[Aurangabad (Bihar Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Aurangabad]]

|-
| [[Buxar Assembly constituency|Buxar]]||[[Jehanabad Assembly constituency|Jehanabad]]||[[Nawada Assembly constituency|Nawada]]||[[Sitamarhi Assembly constituency|Sitamarhi]]
|-
|[[Bhabua Assembly constituency|Bhabhua]]||[[Motihari Assembly constituency|Motihari]]|| [[Bettiah Assembly constituency|Bettiah]]|| [[Hajipur Assembly constituency|Hajipur]]
|-
|[[Gaya Town Assembly constituency|Gaya Town]]||[[Muzaffarpur Assembly constituency|Muzaffarpur]]|| [[Darbhanga Assembly constituency|Darbhanga]]|| [[Arrah Assembly constituency|Ara]]
|-
| [[Biharsharif Assembly constituency|Biharsarif]]|| [[Chapra, Saran Assembly constituency|Chhapra]]|| [[Siwan Assembly constituency|Siwan]]|| [[Kumhrar Assembly constituency|Kumhrar]]
|-
| [[Bankipur Assembly constituency|Bankipur]] || [[Digha Assembly constituency|Digha]]|| [[Bhagalpur Assembly constituency|Bhagalpur]]|| [[Banka Assembly constituency|Banka]]
|}

Eleven [[Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin|NRI]] voters registered in the electoral rolls for the first time in Bihar electoral history. They were contacted by election officials through their family members.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/dil-bihari-eleven-nris-enrol-as-voters-in-state/articleshow/49589052.cms|title=Dil Bihari: Eleven NRIs enrol as voters in state|website=The Times of India|date=2 November 2015 }}</ref> It was the first time that NRIs cast their votes semi-electronically from foreign countries.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/bihar-assembly-polls/nris-may-cast-e-votes-in-bihar-election/articleshow/47670449.cms|title=NRIs may cast e-votes in Bihar election|website=The Times of India|date=15 June 2015 }}</ref> The e-postal ballot system and the existing proxy-voting facility is extended for NRI voters from their place of residence abroad.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/domestic-migrants-may-get-to-vote-during-polls-in-native-places/story-iO7krw1FC5nUSPHJHRqrdN.html|title=Domestic migrants may get to vote during polls in native places|work=Hindustan Times|date=20 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-27283487|title=Why India's migrants are unable to vote|work=BBC News|date=8 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/NRIs-can-now-vote-in-Indian-elections-without-coming-here/articleshow/45862058.cms|title=NRIs can now vote in Indian elections without coming here|work=The Times of India|date=13 January 2015 }}</ref> But this facility is not available to migrant voters within India.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ghildiyal|first=Subodh|date=9 October 2015|title=Can NaMo push Kamandal chariot into Mandal heartland?|url=http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31809&articlexml=Can-NaMo-push-Kamandal-chariot-into-Mandal-heartland-09102015011028|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205020843/http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31809&articlexml=Can-NaMo-push-Kamandal-chariot-into-Mandal-heartland-09102015011028|archive-date=2016-02-05|website=epaperbeta.timesofindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/NRIs-can-vote-not-migrant-labourers-Centre-and-EC/articleshow/46914718.cms|title=NRIs can vote, not migrant labourers: Centre and EC|work=The Times of India|date=14 April 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Migrants-cant-vote-in-native-place-Election-Commission-tells-Supreme-Court/articleshow/46901395.cms|title=Migrants can't vote in native place, Election Commission tells Supreme Court|work=The Times of India|date=13 April 2015 }}</ref>

A cross will be [[None of the above|NOTA]] symbol to be used in this and subsequent elections.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Cross-mark-is-now-NOTA-symbol/articleshow/49030054.cms|title=Cross mark is now NOTA symbol|work=The Times of India|date=20 September 2015 }}</ref> The Election Commission introduced the specific symbol for NOTA, a ballot paper with a black cross across it, on 18 September. The symbol is designed by the [[National Institute of Design]], [[Ahmedabad]].<ref name="dna 2015">{{cite web | title=Now, 'NOTA' has an electoral symbol too | website=dna | date=18 September 2015 | url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-now-nota-has-a-political-symbol-too-2126476 | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="Jain 2015">{{cite web | last=Jain | first=Bharti | title='None of the Above' option on EVMS to carry its own symbol from Bihar polls | website=The Times of India | date=18 September 2015 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/None-of-the-Above-option-on-EVMS-to-carry-its-own-symbol-from-Bihar-polls/articleshow/49017516.cms | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref>

On 31 July, the ECI published the final voters' list for the election,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/election-commission-publishes-final-voters-list-for-bihar-elections/articleshow/48301271.cms|title=Election Commission publishes final voters list for Bihar elections|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref> which has an overall population of 10,38,04,637, in accordance with the [[2011 Census of India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/election-commission-publishes-final-voters-list-bihar-assembly-polls-2374612.html|title=Election Commission publishes final voters list for Bihar Assembly polls|date=31 July 2015|website=Firstpost}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thequint.com/bihar-elections/2015/09/30/infograph-caste-community-and-gender-bihars-voters-in-numbers|title=Infograph: Caste, Community and Gender, Bihar's Voters in Numbers|author=Sanjit Oberai|work=The Quint|date=October 2015}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" |
|+ Final voters list for Bihar Legislative Assembly election 2015
|-
! S.No !! Group of voters !! Voters population
|-
| 1 || Male || 3,56,46,870
|-
| 2 || Female || 3,11,77,619
|-
| 3 || Third gender || 2,169
|-
| – || Total voters || 6,68,26,658
|}

===Security===
The security used Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drones, called ''Netras'' (eyes) for the election.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/paramilitary-forces-to-use-uavs-sniffer-dogs-in-bihar-polls/story-AgNhFApwE4ULnp24asFHvJ.html|title=Bihar polls: UAVs, sniffer dogs in action for strict security|date=6 October 2015|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sunday-guardian.com/news/drones-will-monitor-bihar-polls#.Vf56cEiD1Yw.twitter|title=Drones will monitor Bihar polls|website=www.sunday-guardian.com|access-date=20 September 2015|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220134932/http://www.sunday-guardian.com/news/drones-will-monitor-bihar-polls#.Vf56cEiD1Yw.twitter|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Election Commission of India]] decided that [[Bihar Police]] personnel would not be deployed at any of the 62,779 polling stations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/on-the-eve-of-bihar-polls-maoist-belt-turns-into-war-zone-2464442.html|title=On the eve of Bihar polls, Maoist belt turns into war zone|date=12 October 2015|website=Firstpost}}</ref> They would be manned by members of the [[Central Armed Police Forces]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/election-commissions-neutrality-will-zaidi-fit-in-seshans-shoes/articleshow/49203627.cms|title=Election Commission's neutrality: Will Zaidi fit in Seshan's shoes?|website=The Times of India|date=3 October 2015 }}</ref>

===Bihar Legislative Council election===
In July 2015, BJP-led [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]] won 13 seats (including 1 independent backed by BJP) out of 24 seats of [[Bihar Legislative Council]] election.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/setback-to-nitish-lalu-as-grand-alliance-scores-10/articleshow/48025057.cms|title=Bihar legislative polls: Setback to Nitish, Lalu as 'grand alliance' scores 10 |website=The Times of India|date=11 July 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/politics/jdu-bjp-win-two-seats-each-in-legislative-council-poll-1018443.html|title=BJP-led NDA wins 14 out of 24 seats in Bihar Legislative Council elections|publisher=CNN-IBN}}</ref> JDU and RJD combine won 10 seats only, while 1 seat was won by an independent candidate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/politics/bjp-led-nda-wins-14-out-of-24-seats-in-bihar-legislative-council-elections-deals-a-huge-blow-to-jdu-rjd-alliance-1018543.html|title=News, Breaking News, Latest News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18|website=News18}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/BJP-wins-seven-of-nine-seats-of-Bihar-Legislative-Council/articleshow/48018209.cms|title=BJP wins seven of nine seats of Bihar Legislative Council|work=The Times of India|date=10 July 2015 }}</ref>

===Central government actions===
On 19 August, the central government notified 21 Bihar districts, including the capital [[Patna]], as backward areas and unveiled tax rebates for them.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/in-poll-bound-bihar-patna-20-districts-get-backward-status/articleshow/48549508.cms|title=In poll-bound Bihar, Patna & 20 districts get backward status |website=The Times of India|date=20 August 2015 }}</ref> On 25 August, the central government released the religious data of the 2011 census.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Tikku|first=Aloke|date=26 August 2015|title=Hindu proportion of India's population less than 80%: Census 2011|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/muslim-population-grows-marginally-faster-census-2011-data-show/article1-1384095.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150826124650/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/muslim-population-grows-marginally-faster-census-2011-data-show/article1-1384095.aspx|archive-date=2015-08-26|website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Hindu-population-declined-Muslims-increased-Census-2011/articleshow/48671407.cms|title=Muslim share of population up 0.8%, Hindus' down 0.7% between 2001 and 2011|work=The Times of India|date=26 August 2015 }}</ref> Hindus constituted 82.7% (8.6 crore people) in Bihar, while Muslims constituted 16.9% (1.7 crore peoples).<ref name="thehindu.com">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/bihar-elections-among-factors-in-religious-data-of-census-2011-release/article7579546.ece|title=Bihar elections among factors in religious data of Census 2011 release|first=Vijaita|last=Singh|newspaper=The Hindu|date=25 August 2015|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

In July 2015, [[Jitan Ram Manjhi]] was accorded "Z"-plus security cover by the Union Home Ministry, while [[Pappu Yadav]] was accorded "Y" category security by government of India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-now-pappu-yadav-gets-y-category-security-2109312|title=Now, Pappu Yadav gets 'Y' category security|date=29 July 2015|website=DNA India}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/jitan-ram-manjhi-gets-zplus-security/article7444740.ece|title=Jitan Ram Manjhi gets Z-plus security|author=National Bureau|work=The Hindu|date=21 July 2015}}</ref>

===Other political developments===
In May 2015, the JDU government increased the Dearness Allowance (DA) by six percent to 11 percent for provincial government employees and pensioners.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-05-19/news/62368681_1_hiked-da-dearness-allowance-government-employees|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017195835/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-05-19/news/62368681_1_hiked-da-dearness-allowance-government-employees|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 October 2015|title=Nitish Kumar government hikes Dearness Allowance for employees, pensioners|work=timesofindia-economictimes}}</ref> In July, Nitish Kumar announced a 50 percent quota for OBC, EBC and SC/STs in all government contracts up to Rs 15 lakh.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Santosh|date=2 July 2015|title=Nitish kumar's poll bonanza for backward classes; 50% quota in Bihar govt contracts|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/nitish-kumars-poll-bonaza-for-backward-classes-50-quota-in-bihar-govt-contracts/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/bihar-bjp-jdu-set-for-a-war-of-sops-ahead-of-assembly-polls-2323246.html|title=Bihar: BJP, JD(U) set for a war of sops ahead of Assembly polls|date=2 July 2015|website=Firstpost}}</ref> In July, the government issued a notification to give caste certificates to children from upper caste Hindu and Muslim families whose annual income was below {{INRConvert|1.5|l}}.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mishra|first=Dipak|date=14 July 2015|title=Sops for upper-caste students|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150714/jsp/frontpage/story_31501.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714111509/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150714/jsp/frontpage/story_31501.jsp#.VaTvQhFxeCg|archive-date=2015-07-14|website=telegraphindia.com}}</ref>

In September, the government agreed to the creation of a dedicated fund for fencing off temples and the inclusion of two Extremely Backward Castes (EBCs), Nishad (Mallah) and Nonia, in the SC/ST category.<ref name="EBCBihar130"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/cm-playing-football-with-nishads-bjp/articleshow/48848962.cms|title=CM playing 'football' with Nishads: BJP |website=The Times of India|date=8 September 2015 }}</ref> The state government also decided to provide grants-in-aid to 609 more madrassas across Bihar from the list of 2,459 registered by Bihar State Madrassa Education Board.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/with-eye-on-polls-grants-given-to-609-madrassas/articleshow/48875810.cms|title=With eye on polls, grants given to 609 madrassas |website=The Times of India|date=9 September 2015 }}</ref> The Bihar government gave a tax-exempt status to [[Manjhi – The Mountain Man]], a film based on [[Dashrath Manjhi]], a Dalit who carved a path through a 360 ft long, 30 ft wide and 25 ft high [[hillock]] in 22 years (1960–1982).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/tax-rebate-to-manjhi-biopic-raises-eyebrows/articleshow/48547507.cms|title=Tax rebate to Manjhi biopic raises eyebrows |website=The Times of India|date=20 August 2015 }}</ref> Opposition parties accused Nitish Kumar government of doing nothing for Manjhi's village [[Gehlaur]].{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}

In April 2015, Nitish Kumar announced the JDU's decision to include few more castes, including the [[Teli]], in list of Extremely Backward Class, which have 18% reservation in Bihar.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/high-court-nod-to-include-two-castes-on-ebc-list/articleshow/56976741.cms|title=High Court nod to include two castes on extremely backward class list |website=The Times of India|date=5 February 2017 }}</ref><ref name="indianexpress.com">{{Cite web|date=13 March 2014|title=In Bihar caste rejig, the backward list grows longer|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/in-bihar-caste-rejig-the-backward-list-grows-longer/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref>

===Caste and religion data===
The 2011 national census indicated that [[Scheduled Castes]] constituted 16% of Bihar's 10.4 crores population.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/LCNhWGd3SjS5P1eAV5nogP/Foreign-diplomats-line-up-for-Bihar-elections.html|title=Foreign diplomats line up for Bihar elections|author=Utpal Bhaskar|work=livemint.com|date=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/nk-singh/how-bihar-elections-could_b_8195114.html|title=How Bihar Elections Could Shape India's Future|work=HuffPost}}</ref> The census identified 21 of 23 Dalit sub-castes as ''Mahadalits''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Uttam|first=Kumar|date=12 June 2015|title=Bihar polls: Jitan Ram Manjhi announces alliance with BJP|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-assembly-elections-jitan-ram-manjhi-announces-alliance-with-bjp-says-no-decision-yet-on-seats/article1-1357520.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150614003723/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-assembly-elections-jitan-ram-manjhi-announces-alliance-with-bjp-says-no-decision-yet-on-seats/article1-1357520.aspx|archive-date=2015-06-14|website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref> The ''Mahadalit'' community consists of the following sub-castes: Bantar, Bauri, Bhogta, Bhuiya, Chaupal, Dabgar, Dom (Dhangad), Ghasi, Halalkhor, Hari (Mehtar, Bhangi), Kanjar, Kurariar, Lalbegi, Musahar, Nat, Pan (Swasi), Rajwar, Turi, Dhobi, Chamar and Paswan (Dusadh).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/politics/ram-vilas-paswan-jitan-ram-manjhi-battle-for-mahadalit-leadership-making-it-tough-for-bjp-in-bihar-1099046.html|title=News, Breaking News, Latest News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18|website=News18}}</ref> Among Dalits in Bihar, Chamars are the largest 31.3%, followed by Paswans (Dusadh) 30.9% and Musahars 13.9%.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/with-paswans-in-mahadalit-category-no-more-dalits-left-in-state/articleshow/63871946.cms|title=With Paswans in Mahadalit category, no more 'dalits' left in state |website=The Times of India|date=23 April 2018 }}</ref> The Paswan caste was initially left out of the Mahadalit category,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/paswans-too-come-under-category-of-mahadalit-in-bihar/articleshow/63764416.cms|title=Paswans too come under category of 'Mahadalit' in Bihar|website=The Times of India|date=14 April 2018 }}</ref> to the consternation of Ram Vilas Paswan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/Non-inclusion-of-Paswans-in-Maha-Dalit-list-angers-Paswan/article16893013.ece|title=Non-inclusion of Paswans in Maha Dalit list angers Paswan|first=Shoumojit|last=Banerjee|newspaper=The Hindu|date=19 November 2009|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/bihar-cm-includes-paswan-caste-in-mahadalit-category-115021500440_1.html|title=Bihar CM includes Paswan caste in Mahadalit category|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=15 February 2015|via=Business Standard}}</ref> Chamars were included later in Mahadalit category. [[Adivasi]]s ([[Scheduled Tribes]]) constituted around 1.3% of the Bihari population.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/Does-Bihar-know-how-many-tribals-live-in-the-State/article16875233.ece|title=Does Bihar know how many tribals live in the State?|first=Shoumojit|last=Banerjee|newspaper=The Hindu|date=16 August 2009|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/27-lakh-sc-st-families-to-benefit-from-food-law-in-bihar-114121000897_1.html|title=27 lakh SC & ST families to benefit from Food Law in Bihar|agency=Press Trust of India|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=10 December 2014|via=Business Standard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tehelka.com/2015/09/bihar-assembly-elections-2015-experiments-in-the-caste-lab-of-bihar/|title=Bihar assembly elections 2015: Experiments in the caste lab of Bihar|work=Tehelka|access-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926062446/http://www.tehelka.com/2015/09/bihar-assembly-elections-2015-experiments-in-the-caste-lab-of-bihar/|archive-date=26 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> They include the Gond, Santhal and Tharu communities.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/Special-package-for-Tharu-tribals-in-Bihar/article16355743.ece|title=Special package for Tharu tribals in Bihar|newspaper=The Hindu|date=21 January 2009|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sinha|first=R.N.|date=9 October 2014|title=Stage set for tribal all-woman battalion|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1141009/jsp/bihar/story_18907903.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141130082139/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1141009/jsp/bihar/story_18907903.jsp|archive-date=2014-11-30|website=telegraphindia.com}}</ref> There are about 130 Extremely Backward Castes (EBCs) in Bihar.<ref name="EBCBihar130"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Bihar state EBC list|url=http://gad.bih.nic.in/Circulars/CN-01-10-09-2015.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006155709/http://gad.bih.nic.in/Circulars/CN-01-10-09-2015.pdf|archive-date=2015-10-06|website=gad.bih.nic.in}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="width: 75%;font-size: 95%;align:center;"
|-
! colspan="3" |Estimated population of castes of Bihar before the caste survey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-election-commission-in-a-spot-bihar-has-601-crore-adults-but-more-than-621-crore-voters-2087320|title=Election Commission in a spot: Bihar has 6.01 crore adults, but more than 6.21 crore voters|first=Iftikhar|last=Gilani|date=20 May 2015|website=DNA India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last1=Kumar|first1=Chinmaya|last2=Choudhary|first2=Abhishek|date=28 May 2014|title=How Bihar was won|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/how-bihar-was-won/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/now-lalu-wants-to-do-a-maya-in-bihar/articleshow/4325637.cms|title=Now Lalu wants to do a Maya in Bihar|website=The Times of India|date=28 March 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=9 April 2014|title=The caste factor while casting votes in Indian elections|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/the-big-story/is-the-die-caste-for-may-16-mandate/article1-1205899.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214145056/http://www.hindustantimes.com/the-big-story/is-the-die-caste-for-may-16-mandate/article1-1205899.aspx|archive-date=2015-02-14|website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/politics/caste-determines-bihars-electoral-arithmetic/article5840498.ece|title=Caste determines Bihar's electoral arithmetic|author=AM Jigeesh|work=Business Line}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/Nitish-gives-lsquoMaha-Dalit-benefits-to-Paswan-community/article16015059.ece|title=Nitish gives 'Maha Dalit' benefits to Paswan community|newspaper=The Hindu|date=5 April 2010|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-why-did-narendra-modi-suddenly-turn-to-caste-1986079|title=Why did Narendra Modi suddenly turn to caste?|first=Deepak|last=Gidwani|date=8 May 2014|website=DNA India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/BPkGXB9vL664zVhYiLGpmL/Bihar-poised-to-return-to-politics-of-caste-religion.html|title=Bihar poised to return to politics of caste, religion|date=5 August 2013|website=mint}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/nation/story/20121112-voters-in-bihar-want-to-change-chief-minister-nitish-kumar-760441-1999-11-30|title=Upper castes in Bihar unhappy with Nitish Kumar|author=Amitabh Srivastava|date=November 30, 1999|website=India Today}}</ref>
|-
! Caste By Reserve Category || Population (%) ||Notes
|-
| [[Other Backward Class|OBC]]
|| 63%
( BC-II - 27% BC-I - 36%)
||[[Yadav]] – 14.2% [[Koeri]] – 4.2% [[Kurmi]]s – 2.8% [[Bania (caste)|Baniya]] – 2.3% [[Surjapuri]] [[Muslim]] – 1.8% Other – 1.7 (EBCs – 36% <ref name="EBCBihar130">{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Santosh|date=8 September 2015|title=Nitish Kumar's gambit: temple fund, 2 EBCs added to SC/ST list|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/nitish-kumars-gambit-temple-fund-2-ebcs-added-to-scst-list/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150814/jsp/bihar/story_37176.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925164504/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150814/jsp/bihar/story_37176.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 September 2015|title=Voice of unity for EBC voters|work=The Telegraph}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/toi-edit-page/bihar-elections-still-remain-about-slicing-and-dicing-caste-ebcs-are-the-wild-card/|title=Bihar elections still remain about slicing and dicing caste, EBCs are the wild card|date=12 September 2015|website=Times of India Blog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/blogs/et-commentary/frenemies-bjps-tie-up-with-jitan-ram-manjhi-could-give-it-edge-in-bihar-polls/|title=Frenemies: BJP's tie-up with Jitan Ram Manjhi could give it edge in Bihar polls|date=8 June 2015|website=Economic Times Blog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/bihar-voters-in-dilemma-110102800030_1.html|title=Bihar voters in dilemma|first=Saubhadra|last=Chatterji|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=28 October 2010|via=Business Standard}}</ref> – includes<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bjp-ties-up-with-obc-leader-upendra-kushwaha-in-bihar/articleshow/30534465.cms|title=BJP ties up with OBC leader Upendra Kushwaha in Bihar |website=The Times of India|date=17 February 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Jitan-Ram-Manjhi-emerges-critical-player-in-poll-bound-Bihar/articleshow/47437850.cms|title=Jitan Ram Manjhi emerges critical player in poll-bound Bihar|work=The Times of India|date=27 May 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sunday-guardian.com/news/bjp-may-bring-in-kushwaha-as-obc-face|title=BJP may bring in Kushwaha as OBC face|website=www.sunday-guardian.com|access-date=12 June 2015|archive-date=25 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125125707/http://www.sunday-guardian.com/news/bjp-may-bring-in-kushwaha-as-obc-face|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[Julaha]]/[[Momin Ansari|Ansari]]–3.5% [[Teli]] – 3.2% )

|-
| [[Scheduled Castes|SC]]
|| 19%<ref>{{cite web|last=Kumar|first=Devendra|date=14 July 2014|title=Can RJD-JD(U) stop BJP's rise in Bihar?|url=http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/7SDAhDRv8Bm6eFl2R1cOHI/Can-RJDJDU-stop-BJPs-rise-in-Bihar.html|website=livemint.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://scroll.in/article/706300/bihars-mahadalits-pick-sides-in-nitish-manjhi-tussle|title=Bihar's Mahadalits pick sides in Nitish-Manjhi tussle|first=Dhirendra K.|last=Jha|website=Scroll.in|date=13 February 2015 }}</ref>
||includes [[Chamar]] – 5%, [[Dusadh]] – 5%, [[Musahar]] – 2.8%<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-polls-rallying-behind-jitan-ram-manjhi-musahars-vow-to-unseat-nitish-kumar/articleshow/49283521.cms|title=Bihar polls: Rallying behind Jitan Ram Manjhi, Musahars vow to unseat Nitish Kumar|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref>
|-
| [[Economically Weaker Section|EWS]]
||15% <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://scroll.in/article/729395/is-nitish-kumar-working-on-a-new-bihar-poll-strategy-that-excludes-laloo-and-mulayam|title=Is Nitish Kumar working on a new Bihar poll strategy that excludes Laloo and Mulayam?|first=Dhirendra K.|last=Jha|website=Scroll.in|date=23 May 2015 }}</ref>
||[[Shaikhs in South Asia|Shaikh]] – 3.8% [[Brahmin]] – 3.6%<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brahmins In India|url=https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/brahmins-in-india/234783|website=magazine.outlookindia.com}}</ref> [[Rajput]] – 3.4% [[Bhumihar]] – 2.8% [[Pathan]] – 0.7% [[Kayasth]] – 0.6% [[Sayyid|Syed]] – 0.2%
|-
| [[Scheduled Tribes|ST]]
|| 1.3% <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-bihar-brings-all-scheduled-castes-scheduled-tribes-families-under-national-food-security-act-2042563|title=Bihar brings all Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes' families under National Food Security Act|date=9 December 2014|website=DNA India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sunday-guardian.com/news/nitish-banks-on-caste-calculations-muslims|title=Nitish banks on caste calculations, Muslims|website=www.sunday-guardian.com|access-date=18 June 2015|archive-date=25 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125125707/http://www.sunday-guardian.com/news/nitish-banks-on-caste-calculations-muslims|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|
|-
| Others
|| 0.4%
||includes Christians, Sikhs, Jains
|}

==Schedule==
On 9 September, the Election Commission of India announced the dates for Bihar Assembly elections.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Five-phase-Bihar-polls-to-begin-from-October-12/articleshow/48883346.cms?|title=Five-phase Bihar polls to begin from Oct 12, counting on November 8: Election Commission|work=The Times of India|date=9 September 2015 }}</ref>
{{wide image|2015 Bihar State assembly polling dates.png|500px|Voting phases}}
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 90%;font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Phase
! Date
! No. of constituencies
! Covering districts
|- style="text-align:center"
| I
| 12 October
| 49
| Samastipur, Begusarai, Khagaria, Bhagalpur, Banka, Munger, Lakhisarai, Sheikhpura, Nawada, Jamui
|- style="text-align:center"
| II
| 16 October
| 32
| Kaimur, Rohtas, Arwal, Jehanabad, Aurangabad, Gaya
|- style="text-align:center"
| III
| 28 October
| 50
| Saran, Vaishali, Nalanda, Patna, Bhojpur, Buxar
|- style="text-align:center"
| IV
| 1 November
| 55
| Paschim Champaran, Purvi Champaran, Sheohar, Sitamarhi, Muzaffarpur, Gopalganj, Siwan
|- style="text-align:center"
| V
| 5 November
| 57
| Madhubani, Supaul, Araria, Kishanganj, Purnia, Katihar, Madhepura, Saharsa, Darbhanga
|- style="text-align:center"
| '''Counting'''
| 8 November
| 243
|
|- style="text-align:center"
|colspan="5"| Source: [http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/current/PN53_09092015.pdf Election Commission of India]
|}

==Parties and alliances==

===Mahagathbandhan===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;
! colspan="2" | Party
!Flag
!Symbol
!Photo
!Leader
!Seats contested
|-
|{{party color cell|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
|[[File:RJD Flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Hurricane Lamp.png|50px]]
|[[File:Lalu P. Yadav.jpg|50px]]
|[[Lalu Prasad Yadav]]
|101
|-

|{{party color cell|Janata Dal (United)}}
|[[Janata Dal (United)]]
|[[File:Janata Dal (United) Flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Arrow.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Nitish Kumar (cropped).JPG|50px]]
|[[Nitish Kumar]]
|101
|-

|-
|{{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|[[File:Indian National Congress Flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Hand INC.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Ashok Chaudhary.jpg|50px]]
|[[Ashok Chaudhary]]
|41
|-
|}
On 7 June, Lalu Prasad Yadav announced the RJD was joining in an alliance with the JDU for the election.<ref name="Firstpost">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/lalu-nitish-seal-the-deal-rjd-jdu-join-hands-for-bihar-polls-seat-sharing-talks-on-the-cards-2283878.html|title=Lalu, Nitish seal the deal: RJD, JD(U) form alliance for Bihar polls, seat sharing talks on cards|work=Firstpost|date=8 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/nitish-kumar-and-lalu-prasad-yadav-alliance-may-be-a-90-seat-worry-for-bjp/articleshow/47637013.cms|title=Nitish Kumar and Lalu Prasad Yadav alliance may be a 90-seat worry for BJP|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref> On 13 July, he led a march demanding that the central government release its findings of the [[Socio Economic Caste Census 2011]] (SECC) on caste,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/lalu-leads-march-for-caste-census-data/article7418607.ece|title=Lalu leads march for caste census data|first=Amarnath|last=Tewary|newspaper=The Hindu|date=14 July 2015|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2015/jul/14/lalus-ultimatum-to-modi-government-on-caste-census-data-783726.html|title=Lalu's Ultimatum to Modi Government on Caste Census Data|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/caste-census-data-demand-is-jehad-lalu/article7449349.ece|title=Caste census data demand is 'jehad': Lalu|newspaper=The Hindu|date=22 July 2015|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> although Union Minister [[Ram Vilas Paswan]] pitched for a comprehensive classification of caste data of SECC 2011 before its release,<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 July 2015|title='Ram Vilas Dalit face wherever you go, Jitan Ram Manjhi can be Mahadalit face'|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/ram-vilas-dalit-face-wherever-you-go-manjhi-can-be-mahadalit-face/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref> and also said Lalu, Nitish will be worst impacted from the caste data even if its released.<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 July 2015|title=Lalu Prasad, Nitish Kumar to be hit hardest if caste data released: Paswan|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/lalu-prasad-nitish-kumar-to-be-hit-hardest-if-caste-data-released-paswan/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/lalu-prasad-yadav-nitish-kumar-to-be-hit-hardest-if-caste-data-released-ram-vilas-paswan/articleshow/48134227.cms|title=Lalu Prasad Yadav, Nitish Kumar to be hit hardest if caste data released: Ram Vilas Paswan|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref> BJP Leader [[Sushil Kumar Modi]] called for rectification of errors in the cases of 1.46 crore people in India, including 1.75 lakh in Bihar, before releasing the caste data.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/caste-census-data-release-after-error-correction-sushil-115072100870_1.html|title=Caste census data to be release after error correction: Sushil Modi|agency=Press Trust of India|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=21 July 2015|via=Business Standard}}</ref>

On 3 August, incumbent Chief Minister Nitish Kumar declared that he would not stand in the election.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nitish-kumar-wont-contest-polls-will-devote-time-for-campaigning-rabri-devi-286192-2015-08-03|title=Won't contest Bihar polls, will devote time for campaigning, says Nitish Kumar|date=August 3, 2015|website=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=3 August 2015|title=Won't contest Bihar elections: Nitish Kumar|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/wont-contest-bihar-elections-nitish-kumar/articleshow/48329857.cms|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806022358/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/wont-contest-bihar-elections-nitish-kumar/articleshow/48329857.cms|archive-date=2015-08-06|website=economictimes.indiatimes.com}}</ref> On 11 August, he announced the seat-sharing formula, according to which JD(U) and RJD will contest 100 seats each, while Congress will contest 40 seats in Bihar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.in/2015/08/12/nitish-kumar-bihar-electi_n_7976138.html|title=Nitish Kumar Announces Seat-Sharing Formula For Bihar Elections|date=12 August 2015|website=HuffPost}}</ref> NCP pulled out of this alliance later.<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 August 2015|title=Bihar elections: NCP pulls out of anti-BJP alliance, may contest alone|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-polls-ncp-pulls-out-of-jdu-rjd-cong-alliance-may-contest-alone/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref> On 23 September, Nitish Kumar announced the list of 242 candidates for the JDU–RJD–INC alliance.<ref>{{Cite web|date=23 September 2015|title=Bihar polls: Nitish Kumar releases 'joint list' of 242 candidates, OBCs get lion's share|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/backward-class-candidates-get-lions-share-in-nitish-kumars-list/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Santosh|date=24 September 2015|title=Nitish Kumar yields, Lalu Prasad gets both his sons an Assembly ticket each|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/nitish-kumar-yields-lalu-prasad-gets-both-his-sons-an-assembly-ticket-each/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nitish-led-alliance-releases-list-of-242-candidates-for-bihar-polls/articleshow/49071470.cms|title=Nitish-led alliance releases list of 242 candidates for Bihar polls|website=The Times of India|date=23 September 2015 }}</ref> OBCs were most favoured in the alliance ticket distribution plan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/obcs-most-favoured-in-alliance-plan/articleshow/49081419.cms|title=OBCs most favoured in alliance plan|website=The Times of India|date=23 September 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Santosh|date=7 October 2016|title=In Bihar elections, it is my social combination versus yours|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/in-bihar-elections-it-is-my-social-combination-versus-yours/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-polls-obcs-and-dalits-70-in-nitish-list-upper-castes-42-in-bjp/|title=Bihar elections: OBCs and Dalits 70% in Nitish list, upper castes 42% in BJP|date=24 September 2015|work=The Indian Express}}</ref> 10% of tickets were allotted to women candidate by the alliance.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Little-room-for-women-in-Grand-design/articleshow/49081383.cms|title=Little room for women in Nitish's 'Grand' design|work=The Times of India|date=24 September 2015 }}</ref> The Congress Vice-president [[Rahul Gandhi]] assigned the task to shortlist Congress candidates for each of the 40 assembly constituencies to former [[Governor of Kerala]] and Nagaland Nikhil Kumar.<ref>{{cite web|last=Singh|first=Anand|date=11 September 2015|title=Bihar|url=http://www.thestatesman.com/mobi/news/bihar/bihar-polls-rahul-s-close-aide-to-shortlist-candidates/87222.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911072904/http://www.thestatesman.com/mobi/news/bihar/bihar-polls-rahul-s-close-aide-to-shortlist-candidates/87222.html|archive-date=2016-09-11|access-date=10 April 2016|website=thestatesman.com}}</ref>

Nitish Kumar was the declared chief ministerial candidate for the ''[[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|Mahagathbandhan]]'' (Grand Alliance). Kumar started his ''Har Ghar Dastak'' (door-to-door) campaign on 2 July.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mishra|first=Vandita|date=30 June 2015|title=Har Ghar Dastak: Nitish's Bihar strategy is old fashioned door-to-door campaigning|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/bihar-polls-zero-tech-knock-door-to-door-team-narendra-modis-nitish-strategy/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/nitish-sounds-poll-bugle-with-har-ghar-dastak/articleshow/47914995.cms|title=Nitish sounds poll bugle with 'Har Ghar Dastak' |website=The Times of India|date=3 July 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Sajjad|first1=Mohammad|title=How Nitish Kumar and Lalu Yadav won Bihar|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/column/how-nitish-kumar-and-lalu-yadav-won-bihar/20151108.htm|access-date=9 November 2015|work=Rediff.com|date=8 November 2015}}</ref> Initially there were definite political overtures when both [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]] and [[Nitish Kumar]] shared stage together in a public<ref>{{cite web|last=Srivastava|first=Amitabh|date=13 August 2015|title=They may have 'amicably' come to a seat-sharing agreement, but 15 months of tumultuous relationship later, Nitish Kumar and Lalu Yadav still remain frenemies|url=http://m.indiatoday.in/story/bihar-assembly-polls-nitish-kumar-lalu-prasad-narendra-modi/1/458341.html|access-date=10 April 2016|website=m.indiatoday.in}}</ref> event commemorating former chief minister Satyendra Narain Sinha's birth anniversary that witnessed veiled attacks on each other, the last time<ref>{{cite web|last=Srivastava|first=Amitabh|date=10 November 2015|title=Giant slayer|url=http://m.indiatoday.in/story/giant-slayer/1/521136.html|access-date=10 April 2016|website=m.indiatoday.in}}</ref> they did it in public.
[[Prashant Kishor]] was a key election strategist for the alliance.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Santosh|date=15 November 2015|title=Team 178: Faces behind Grand Alliance's victory in Bihar polls|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/team-178-faces-behind-grand-alliances-victory-in-bihar/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/amit-shah-vs-prashant-kishor-who-will-be-the-wizard-of-forthcoming-bihar-polls-2350380.html|title=Amit Shah vs Prashant Kishor: Who will be wizard for forthcoming Bihar elections?|date=20 July 2015|website=Firstpost}}</ref> The Janata Dal-United started 400 audio-visual vans called ''Jan Bhagidari Manch'' ''rath''s{{Clarify|date=November 2015}} for the campaign.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/politics/bjps-hi-tech-chariots-and-jdus-jan-bhagidari-rath-setting-mood-for-a-high-voltage-battle-in-bihar-1022385.html|title=News, Breaking News, Latest News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18|website=News18}}</ref> Kumar is launching 'Bihar Samman Sammelan' in various cities, including Delhi and Mumbai, to connect with the Bihari diaspora.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nitish-bjp-to-woo-bihari-diaspora/articleshow/48323126.cms|title=Nitish, BJP to woo Bihari diaspora |website=The Times of India|date=3 August 2015 }}</ref>

However, the grand alliance broke on 26 July 2017 as a result of the resignation by Nitish Kumar and on the next day 27 July JD(U) made an alliance with NDA and Nitish Kumar sworn in as the chief minister of Bihar for the 6th time and Sushil Modi was sworn in as the deputy chief minister for the 3rd time.

===National Democratic Alliance===
[[File:2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly Election NDA Seat Sharing.svg|2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly Election NDA Seat Sharing Map|thumb|right|300px]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;
! colspan="2" | Party
!Flag
!Symbol
!Photo
!Leader
!Seats contested
|-
|{{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[File:BJP flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Lotus flower symbol.svg|50px]]
|[[File:The Leader of Opposition, Bihar, Shri Sushil Kumar Modi in New Delhi on January 08 (cropped2).jpg|50px]]
|[[Sushil Modi]]
|157
|-

|{{party color cell|Lok Janshakti Party}}
|[[Lok Janshakti Party]]
|[[File:Lok Janshakti Party Flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Lok Janshakti Party Symbol.jpg|50px]]
|[[File:Ram Vilas Paswan (cropped).jpg|50px]]
|[[Ram Vilas Paswan]]
|42
|-

|-
|{{party color cell|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party]]
|
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Ceiling Fan.svg|50px]]
|[[File:The Minister of State for Human Resource Development, Shri Upendra Kushwaha addressing at the inauguration of the "Summer Fiesta", in New Delhi on May 22, 2018.JPG|50px]]
|[[Upendra Kushwaha]]
|23
|-

|-
|bgcolor="#FF0000"|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha]]
|[[File:Hindustani Awam Morcha Flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Telephone.svg|50px]]
|[[File:The Chief Minister of Bihar, Shri Jitan Ram Manjhi meeting the Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Power, Coal and New and Renewable Energy, Shri Piyush Goyal, in New Delhi on November 03, 2014 (cropped).jpg|50px]]
|[[Jitan Ram Manjhi]]
|21
|-
|}
The [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) used 243 GPS-monitored ''rath''s (modified [[Mahindra Bolero|Boleros]]) and video vans in the election.<ref name="bjp243boleros"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/msn-mail-today/mm-states/story/bjp-rath-yatra-bihar-assembly-elections-2015-parivartan-rath-janata-dal-united-282453-2015-07-14|title=BJP to use 160 GPS-monitored raths ahead of Bihar polls|work=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bjp-set-to-focus-on-ground-zero-to-win-in-bihar-polls-chalks-out-campaign-plan-down-to-block-panchayat-levels/articleshow/48046440.cms|title=BJP set to focus on ground zero to win in Bihar polls; chalks out campaign plan down to block, panchayat levels|first=BHAVNA VIJ|last=AURORA|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref> The BJP also set up a monitoring headquarters in Patna to track the movement of the GPS-equipped vehicles which will visit 40,000 villages in all 243 constituencies.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-polls-2015-how-is-amit-shah-planning-to-meet-the-challenge/articleshow/48230362.cms|title=Bihar polls 2015: How is Amit Shah planning to meet the challenge?|first=Rohini|last=Singh|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-polls-how-nitish-kumar-is-trying-to-ward-off-a-high-octane-nda-thats-taking-the-state-by-storm/articleshow/49210617.cms|title=Bihar polls: How Nitish Kumar is trying to ward off a high octane NDA that's taking the state by storm|first=Shantanu Nandan|last=Sharma|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref> The campaign was kick-started by Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] in [[Muzaffarpur]] on 25 July, where he also inaugurated the permanent campus of [[IIT Patna]] in [[Bihta]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=25 July 2015|title=Modi inaugurates IIT-Patna campus|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Modi-inaugurates-IIT-Patna-campus/articleshow/48212544.cms|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150728043130/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Modi-inaugurates-IIT-Patna-campus/articleshow/48212544.cms|archive-date=2015-07-28|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kumar|first=Roshan|date=14 July 2015|title=Modi sets IIT campus date|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150714/jsp/bihar/story_31384.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714111613/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150714/jsp/bihar/story_31384.jsp#.VaTvgRFxeCg|archive-date=2015-07-14|website=telegraphindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/pm-to-inaugurate-bihta-iit-p-campus-on-july-25/articleshow/48060050.cms|title=PM to inaugurate Bihta IIT-P campus on July 25 |website=The Times of India|date=13 July 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/bjp-set-to-focus-on-ground-zero-to-win-in-bihar-polls-chalks-out-campaign-plan-down-to-block-panchayat-levels/articleshow/48050684.cms|title=BJP set to focus on ground zero to win in Bihar polls; chalks out campaign plan down to block, panchayat levels|website=The Times of India|date=13 July 2015 }}</ref> The BJP election exercise also involved three [[lakh]] volunteers.{{clarify|date=November 2015}}<ref name="bjp243boleros">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-polls-bjps-amit-shah-steps-us-technology-usage-to-micromanage-election-campaign/articleshow/48398548.cms|title=Bihar polls: BJP's Amit Shah steps us technology usage to micromanage election campaign|first=Bhavna Vij|last=Aurora|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref> Modi held his second election rally in Gaya on 9 August<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pm-modi-gaya-rally-much-at-stake-for-manjhi/articleshow/48370800.cms|title=PM Modi Gaya rally: Much at stake for Manjhi|website=The Times of India|date=6 August 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/5000-security-men-for-PMs-Gaya-rally-today/articleshow/48408580.cms|title=5,000 security men for PM's Gaya rally today|work=The Times of India|date=9 August 2015 }}</ref> and his third rally in [[Arrah]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/acche-din-for-bihar-pm-modi-announces-rs-1-25-lakh-crore-package/articleshow/48525600.cms|title='Acche din' for Bihar: PM Modi announces Rs 1.25 lakh crore package|website=The Times of India|date=19 August 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/cheat-sheet/pm-modi-visits-election-bound-bihar-launches-several-road-projects-10-developments-1208440|title=PM Narendra Modi Announces Rs 1.25 Lakh Crore Package for Bihar: 10 Developments|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> and [[Saharsa]] on 18 August.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/politics/live-narendra-modi-reaches-patna-for-his-election-rally-in-saharsa-1046979.html|title=News, Breaking News, Latest News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18|website=News18}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Admn-on-toes-for-PM-visit-to-Saharsa-Ara/articleshow/48505110.cms|title=Admn on toes for PM visit to Saharsa, Ara|work=The Times of India|date=16 August 2015 }}</ref> Modi announced a Rs 1.25 lakh crore package{{clarify|date=November 2015}} for Bihar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/ErrorPage.html?aspxerrorpath=/newsite/mbErel.aspx|title=Untitled Page|website=pib.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=126142|title=Prime Minister's Package for Bihar – 2015 August 18, 2015|access-date=18 August 2015|archive-date=22 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822011627/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=126142|url-status=dead}}</ref> He addressed his fourth rally in Bhagalpur on 1 September.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/pm-narendra-modis-rally-no-4-in-bihar-as-war-of-words-peaks-1212996|title=Modiji, Stop The Chest Thumping, Tweets Nitish Kumar|author=Surabhi Malik|date=1 September 2015|work=NDTV.com}}</ref> [[Bollywood]] actor [[Ajay Devgan]] also campaigned for the BJP.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ajay-devgns-second-rally-in-bihar-cancelled-due-to-an-unruly-crowd/articleshow/49347941.cms|title=Ajay Devgn's second rally in Bihar cancelled due to an unruly crowd |website=The Times of India|date=14 October 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/ajay-devgn-requests-better-arrangements-for-events-like-bihar-rally/story-OkkjIJ0IAZezJ5ILuxLuAJ.html|title=Ajay Devgn requests better arrangements for events like Bihar rally|date=15 October 2015|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> Modi addressed several rallies after 25 October in several constituencies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/at-buxar-modi-gives-bjp-campaign-a-brazen-communal-spin-plays-on-the-fears-of-dalits-2483262.html|title=At Buxar, PM Modi gives BJP campaign a brazen communal spin; plays on the fears of Dalits|date=26 October 2015|website=Firstpost}}</ref>

In a rally in [[Buxar]] on 26 October, Modi vowed to defend reservation of Dalits, STs, OBCs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/pm-narendra-modi-alleges-grand-alliance-plot-to-take-away-5-sc-st-obc-quotas/articleshow/49537272.cms|title=Grand alliance conspiring to introduce religious quota: PM Narendra Modi|first=Sanjay Kumar|last=Singh|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/pm-narendra-modi-seeking-communal-polarisation-through-quota-remark-congress/articleshow/49543624.cms|title=PM Narendra Modi seeking "communal polarisation" through quota remark: Congress|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/will-never-allow-quota-on-religious-lines-pm-narendra-modi-says/articleshow/49540681.cms|title=Will never allow quota on religious lines, PM Narendra Modi says |website=The Times of India|date=26 October 2015 }}</ref> He said of the ''Mahagathbandhan'' that it was trying to hatch a conspiracy to carve out a sub-quota on the basis of religion as the [[Supreme Court of India]] has said reservation cannot be more than 50%.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/bihar/pm-alleges-conspiracy-of-sin-in-bihar-vows-to-protect-quota-1236423|title=PM Alleges 'Conspiracy of Sin' in Bihar, Vows to Protect Quota|website=NDTV.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/bihar2015/modi-alleges-plot-to-take-away-sc-st-obc-quotas/article7805773.ece|title=Modi alleges plot to take away SC, ST, OBC quotas|newspaper=The Hindu|date=26 October 2015|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Santosh|date=27 October 2015|title=Nitish and Lalu conspiring to give Dalit, OBC quota to another community: PM Modi|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/nitish-and-lalu-conspiring-to-give-dalit-obc-quota-to-another-community-pm-modi/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://scroll.in/article/765095/mr-prime-minister-please-do-not-peddle-lies-to-pit-the-poor-against-the-poor|title=Mr Prime Minister, please do not peddle lies to pit the poor against the poor|author=Supriya Sharma|work=Scroll.in|date=27 October 2015 }}</ref> On 27 October, in [[Bettiah]], he again accused Nitish Kumar and Lalu Prasad Yadav of diluting the share of SC, ST and OBC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/JZHIwZZSqAhCfy4BOpqp9M/Modi-again-alleges-Nitish-Lalu-conspiring-to-take-away-shar.html|title=Modi again alleges Nitish, Lalu conspiring to take away share of dalits, backwards quota|first=Gyan|last=Varma|date=27 October 2015|website=mint}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/bihar/bihar-polls-pm-modi-attacks-grand-alliance-likens-it-to-3-idiots_1815207.html|title=Bihar polls: PM Modi attacks 'grand alliance', likens it to '3 Idiots'|work=Zee News|date=27 October 2015}}</ref> It promoted the view that an attempt was being made to take the reservation of Dalits and other OBCs and give it to other minorities.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Santosh|date=25 December 2015|title=Bihar polls: BJP puts 'quota conspiracy' theory out in print|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-polls-bjp-puts-quota-conspiracy-theory-out-in-print/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref> Union Finance Minister [[Arun Jaitley]] also agreed with Modi's assertions that the idea of reservations on the basis of religion is fraught with danger.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-polls-grand-alliances-idea-of-reservations-on-the-basis-of-religion-is-fraught-with-danger-says-fm-arun-jaitley/articleshow/49588622.cms|title=Bihar polls: Grand Alliance's idea of reservations on the basis of religion is fraught with danger, says FM Arun Jaitley|first=Rakesh Mohan|last=Chaturvedi|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/all-those-who-are-involved-in-the-traditional-caste-psyche-will-suffer-a-big-setback-fm-arun-jaitley/articleshow/49590053.cms|title=All those who are involved in the traditional caste psyche will suffer a big setback: FM Arun Jaitley|first=Rakesh Mohan|last=Chaturvedi|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref> On 1 November, Modi repeated the allegations that the two leaders came together in July 2005 to demand a review of the policy to provide for religion-based reservation.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/nitish-lalu-had-together-sought-religion-based-quota-in-2005-says-pm-narendra-modi/articleshow/49618742.cms|title=Nitish, Lalu had together sought religion-based quota in 2005, says PM Narendra Modi |website=The Times of India|date=November 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/dalit-muslims-dalit-christians-quota-what-is-it-all-about/articleshow/49651516.cms|title=Dalit Muslims, Dalit Christians & quota: What is it all about?|work=timesofindia-economictimes|last1=Tiwari|first1=Ravish}}</ref> A video dating from 2005 which was leaked showed Lalu was asking for a quota for Muslims.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/on-video-what-lalu-prasad-nitish-kumar-said-about-quota-for-muslims/|title=On video, what Lalu Prasad Yadav, Nitish Kumar said about quota for Muslims|date=6 November 2015|work=The Indian Express}}</ref> On 3 July, BJP announced its seventh ''morcha'', the BJP OBC Morcha, reportedly in regards to the election.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-bjp-creates-obc-morcha-ahead-of-bihar-election-2101564|title=BJP creates OBC morcha ahead of Bihar election|date=4 July 2015|website=DNA India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=4 July 2015|title=With eye on Bihar polls, BJP to set up new OBC front|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/with-eye-on-bihar-polls-bjp-to-set-up-new-obc-front/article1-1365706.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705125052/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/with-eye-on-bihar-polls-bjp-to-set-up-new-obc-front/article1-1365706.aspx|archive-date=2015-07-05|website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BJP Questions JD(U)'s Source of Funds for Poll Campaign|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/bjp-questions-jdus-source-of-funds-for-poll-campaign/905192|website=www.outlookindia.com}}</ref>

On 11 June, Jitan Ram Manjhi announced his party [[Hindustani Awam Morcha]] alliance with the NDA for the election.<ref name="firstpost.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/will-get-rid-of-unholy-nitish-lalu-combine-ex-cm-manjhi-ties-up-with-bjp-for-bihar-polls-2291622.html|title='Will get rid of unholy Nitish-Lalu combine': Ex-CM Manjhi ties up with BJP for Bihar polls|date=12 June 2015|website=Firstpost}}</ref><ref name="hindustantimes.com">{{Cite web|last=Mishra|first=Ashok|date=9 July 2015|title=Sons and daughters crowd Bihar poll space|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/patna/sons-and-daughters-crowd-bihar-poll-space/article1-1367450.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712231707/http://www.hindustantimes.com/patna/sons-and-daughters-crowd-bihar-poll-space/article1-1367450.aspx|archive-date=2015-07-12|website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref>

On 14 September, the NDA announced its seat distribution: BJP got 160 seats, LJP got 40 seats, RLSP got 23 seats and HAM got 20 seats.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/bihar2015/bihar-polls-nda-seals-seatsharing-deal/article7651509.ece|title=NDA firms up Bihar action plan|first=Nistula|last=Hebbar|newspaper=The Hindu|date=14 September 2015|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> The NDA did not announce any chief ministerial candidate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31816&articlexml=Five-Vote-splitters-of-Bihar-20092015003005|title=Five vote-splitters of Bihar|website=The Times of India|access-date=17 February 2022|archive-date=6 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406024141/http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31816&articlexml=Five-Vote-splitters-of-Bihar-20092015003005|url-status=dead}}</ref> BJP announced the names of 154 candidates in three lists.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/winnability-caste-age-amit-shahs-3-point-formula-for-bihar-polls/|title=Winnability, caste, age: Amit Shah's 3-point formula for Bihar polls|date=22 September 2015|work=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-polls-bjp-declares-11-candidates-in-third-list/|title=Bihar polls: BJP declares 11 candidates in third list|date=20 September 2015|work=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/eye-on-lalus-vote-cache-bjp-fields-22-yadavs/articleshow/49038109.cms|title=Eye on Lalu's vote cache, BJP fields 22 Yadavs |website=The Times of India|date=21 September 2015 }}</ref> Caste played a major role in distributing tickets.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bhatt|first=Sheela|date=3 October 2015|title=Bihar polls: Now the race is for getting the caste right for campaigners too|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-elections-now-the-race-is-for-getting-the-caste-right-for-campaigners-too/|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-09-27/news/66929587_1_yadavs-lalu-district-court|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004132913/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-09-27/news/66929587_1_yadavs-lalu-district-court|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 October 2015|title=Yadav vs Yadav: How BJP is attempting to break Lalu's traditional vote bank|work=timesofindia-economictimes}}</ref> BJP also accommodated five candidates of the Hindustani Awam Morcha.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Matthew|first1=Mammen|last2=Dubey|first2=Binod|date=19 September 2015|title=Bihar polls: BJP releases second list of 99 candidates|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-polls-bjp-releases-second-list-of-99-candidates/article1-1391743.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920184931/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-polls-bjp-releases-second-list-of-99-candidates/article1-1391743.aspx|archive-date=2015-09-20|website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref> Later, the BJP gave the Imamganj seat to HAM for Majhi is contesting and BJP reduced its seat tally to 159.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Paswan-Prasad-get-fresh-security-layer-for-Bihar-campaign/articleshow/49098257.cms|title=Paswan, Prasad get fresh security layer for Bihar campaign|work=The Times of India|date=25 September 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2015/09/20/two-mahadalit-leaders-to-_n_8168154.html|title=Two Mahadalit Heavyweights To Face Off in Maoist-hit Imamganj|work=HuffPost|date=21 September 2015 }}</ref> On 1 October, the BJP released its manifesto.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bihar-polls-BJP-releases-vision-document-promises-much-awaited-development/articleshow/49180463.cms|title=Bihar polls: BJP releases vision document, promises 'much-awaited' development|work=The Times of India|date=October 2015 }}</ref>

===Socialist Secular Morcha===
On 19 September, the leaders of six parties – [[Samajwadi Party]], [[Nationalist Congress Party]], [[Jan Adhikar Party]], [[Samras Samaj Party]], [[National People's Party (India)|National People's Party]] and [[Samajwadi Janata Dal Democratic]] – announced the formation of a third front known as the Socialist Secular Morcha.
SP and NCP fought on most of the seats. NPP fought on 3 seats.
<ref>{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/samajwadi-party-teams-up-with-pappu-yadav-ncp-3-others-to-form-third-front/articleshow/49028112.cms|title=Samajwadi Party teams up with Pappu Yadav, NCP, 3 others to form third front|work=timesofindia-economictimes}}</ref> On 15 October, NCP leader [[Tariq Anwar (politician)|Tariq Anwar]] announced that his party had decided to leave the third front.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/mulayam-front-suffers-big-blow-ncp-to-go-it-alone/articleshow/49392765.cms|title=Mulayam front suffers big blow, NCP to go it alone|website=The Times of India|date=16 October 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-polls-ncp-quits-third-front-cites-mulayam-singhs-pro-bjp-statement/articleshow/49386359.cms|title=Bihar polls: NCP quits Third Front, cites Mulayam Singh's 'pro-BJP statement'|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref>

===Left Front===
On 24 July, the [[Communist Party of India]], the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]], the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation]], the [[All India Forward Bloc]], the [[Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)]] and the [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]] decided to run in all constituencies on a join ticket citing its call for an alternative platform.<ref name="July 24 Left"/> The CPI will contest 98 seats, while the CPI-ML, CPI(M), SUCI, Forward Bloc, and RSP will contest 98, 43, 10, 9, and 3 seats, respectively.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bihar 2015|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3904-bihar-2015/|website=Election Commission of India|language=en}}</ref> CPI released its first list of 81 candidates on 16 September 2015.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/OBCs-EBCs-dalits-dominate-CPI-list-of-81-candidates/articleshow/48992150.cms|title=OBCs, EBCs, Dalits dominate CPI list of 81 candidates|work=The Times of India|date=16 September 2015 }}</ref>

===Others===

====Muslim parties====
At least six Muslim parties contested the election.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/3-muslim-parties-enter-bihar-3-others-vow-to-thwart-them/|title=3 Muslim parties enter Bihar, 3 others vow to thwart them|date=1 October 2015|work=The Indian Express}}</ref> AIMIM contested six seats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/bihar/mim-in-serious-fight-in-bihar-says-asaduddin-owaisi-1230826|title=MIM in Serious Fight in Bihar, Says Party Chief Asaduddin Owaisi|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

[[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]] (AIMIM) leader [[Asaduddin Owaisi]] addressed a rally in [[Kishanganj]] on 16 August.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/aimim-need-to-work-to-remove-muslim-only-party-image-asaduddin-owaisi/articleshow/48487331.cms|title=AIMIM need to work to remove Muslim only party image: Asaduddin Owaisi|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://scroll.in/article/750524/can-owaisi-break-new-ground-in-bihar-and-reverse-the-past-trend-of-the-hindi-belt|title=Can Owaisi break new ground in Bihar and reverse the past trend of the Hindi belt?|first=Dhirendra K.|last=Jha|website=Scroll.in|date=24 August 2015 }}</ref> Owaisi accused Nitish and Lalu of keeping the [[Seemanchal region]] (consisting of 24 seats) as a backward region.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/asaduddin-owaisis-kishanganj-rally-makes-jdu-rjd-and-congress-nervous/|title=Asaduddin Owaisi's Kishanganj rally makes JD(U), RJD and Congress nervous|date=17 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-elections-owaisi-wants-special-package-for-seemanchal/article1-1380838.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150817020526/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-elections-owaisi-wants-special-package-for-seemanchal/article1-1380838.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 August 2015|title=Bihar elections: Owaisi wants special package for Seemanchal|date=16 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=16 August 2015|title=Nitish, Lalu responsible for 'backward' Seemanchal: Owaisi|url=http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/08/16/article686536.ece/Nitish-Lalu-responsible-for-backward-Seemanchal-Owaisi|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150817142659/http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/08/16/article686536.ece/Nitish-Lalu-responsible-for-backward-Seemanchal-Owaisi|archive-date=2015-08-17|website=abplive.in}}</ref> AIMIM is contesting on 6 assembly seats in Seemanchal region where Muslim voters play a major role.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/MIM-in-fray-to-win-in-Bihar/articleshow/49315827.cms|title=MIM in fray to win in Bihar|work=The Times of India|date=12 October 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailyo.in/politics/bihar-polls-bjp-nitish-kumar-lalu-fodder-scam-manjhi-owaisi-seemanchal-muslim-dalit-vote-bank/story/1/6288.html|title=Bihar polls ground report: Smiling Modi, grim Nitish|work=dailyo.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/national/mim-in-serious-fight-in-bihar-asaduddin-owaisi/198697.html|title=MIM in serious fight in Bihar: Asaduddin Owaisi|date=12 October 2015}}</ref> He addressed a public rally in Kishanganj on 4 October in the Sontha village, which is part of the [[Kochadhaman Assembly constituency]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=4 October 2015|title=Akbaruddin Owaisi calls PM Modi 'Shaitan' and 'Zaalim'; blames him for 2002 Gujarat riots|url=http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/10/04/article731247.ece/Akbaruddin-Owaisi-calls-PM-Modi-Shaitan-and-Zaalim-blames-him-for-2002-Gujarat-riots|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006000217/http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/10/04/article731247.ece/Akbaruddin-Owaisi-calls-PM-Modi-Shaitan-and-Zaalim-blames-him-for-2002-Gujarat-riots|archive-date=2015-10-06|website=abplive.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://hindi.news24online.com/akbaruddin-owaisi-use-offensive-language-against-the-pm-18/|title=अकबरुद्दीन ने किया पीएम मोदी के खिलाफ आपत्तिजनक भाषा का प्रयोग|language=hi|access-date=4 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085919/http://hindi.news24online.com/akbaruddin-owaisi-use-offensive-language-against-the-pm-18/|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/modi-a-tyrant-and-a-devil-says-akbaruddin-owaisi-266296-2015-10-04|title=Modi a tyrant and a devil says Akbaruddin Owaisi|last1=Indo-Asian News Service|date=October 4, 2015|website=India Today}}</ref> He held further rallies at many places in Kishanganj and Purnia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/as-asaduddin-owaisi-campaigns-across-seemanchal-muslims-ask-will-he-unite-or-divide-votes/|title=As Asaduddin Owaisi campaigns across Seemanchal, Muslims ask: Will he unite or divide votes?|date=28 October 2015|work=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/owaisi-ripples-in-6-border-seats/articleshow/49392004.cms|title=Owaisi ripples in 6 border seats |website=The Times of India|date=16 October 2015 }}</ref>

On 5 October, AIMIM released its first list of its six candidates for the election.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/bihar/aimim-names-6-candidates-for-bihar-elections-1226253|title=AIMIM Names 6 Candidates for Bihar Elections|date=5 October 2015|work=NDTV.com}}</ref>

====Bahujan Samaj Party====
In June 2015, the [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] said it would contest all 243 seats.<ref>{{cite news | agency=Press Trust of India | title=Will contest the Bihar assembly elections with full preparation and strength, says Mayawati | newspaper=The Hindu | date=16 June 2015 | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/will-contest-the-bihar-assembly-elections-with-full-preparation-and-strength-says-mayawati/article7322120.ece | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="Thakur 2015">{{cite web | last=Thakur | first=Meenal | title=Bihar polls: After SP, BSP to contest all seats independently | website=livemint.com/ | date=11 September 2015 | url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/9ZGuAVFr6RsPbl1q0t5V9J/Bihar-polls-After-SP-BSP-to-contest-all-seats-independentl.html | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref> In July, the BSP initially released its first list of 49 candidates, including five women candidates, by Bharat Bind, the president of the BSP Bihar unit.<ref name="ANI 2015">{{cite news | author=ANI | title=BSP releases first candidates list for Bihar polls | newspaper=Business Standard India | date=13 July 2015 | url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/bsp-releases-first-candidates-list-for-bihar-polls-115071300217_1.html | access-date=1 August 2015}}</ref> National party leader [[Mayawati]] planned to campaign for its candidates.<ref name="NewsWire 2015">{{cite web | author=NewsWire | title=BSP names 49 candidates for Bihar polls | website=CanIndia News | date=12 July 2015 | url=http://www.canindia.com/2015/07/bsp-names-49-candidates-for-bihar-polls/ | access-date=1 August 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923200352/http://www.canindia.com/2015/07/bsp-names-49-candidates-for-bihar-polls/ | archive-date=23 September 2015 | url-status=dead }}</ref> BSP's first list has 11 [[Other Backward Class]] (OBCs) and 11 [[Islam in India|Muslims]], while they also field Dalits and OBCs from non-reserved seats.<ref name="Pankaj ShahPankaj Shah 2015">{{cite web | first=Pankaj |last=Shah | title=Maya set to play dalit trump card in Bihar polls | website=The Times of India | date=26 July 2015 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Maya-set-to-play-dalit-trump-card-in-Bihar-polls/articleshow/48220428.cms | access-date=10 August 2015}}</ref> On 6 September, Mayawati said of the central government that it was being "remote-controlled" by the "communal and fascist" organisation [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] (RSS).<ref>{{cite web | agency=Press Trust of India | title=Modi government being 'remote-controlled' by RSS, Mayawati says | website=The Times of India | date=6 September 2015 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Modi-government-being-remote-controlled-by-RSS-Mayawati-says/articleshow/48845264.cms | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="Service 2015">{{cite web | title=Modi govt being 'remote-controlled' by RSS: Mayawati | website=tribuneindia.com/news/nation/modi-govt-being-remote-controlled-by-rss-mayawati/129474.html | date=18 September 2015 | url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/modi-govt-being-remote-controlled-by-rss-mayawati/129474.html | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="India Today 2015">{{cite web | title=Modi government being remote-controlled by RSS: Mayawati : India, News | website=India Today | date=6 September 2015 | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/modi-government-being-remote-controlled-by-rss-mayawati-261501-2015-09-06 | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref>

Naseemuddin Siddiqui, Munquad Ali (Rajya Sabha MP), and Ram Achal Rajbhar were appointed to form a strategy to consolidate the Dalits, Most Backward Castes (MBCs), and Muslim votes.<ref name="TNN 2015">{{cite web | author=TNN | title=Team BSP marches to Bihar | website=The Times of India | date=7 September 2015 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Team-BSP-marches-to-Bihar/articleshow/48849497.cms | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref> On 9 September, Mayawati questioned the announcement of Dearness Allowance (DA) by the central government just before the election and again accused the RSS and its affiliated [[Sangh Parivar]] organizations of using the 2011 national census for fear-mongering against Muslim population growth for sectarian purposes, as well as to divert attention from such issues as the alleged failure of the central government to deliver on its promises. She added that the census also showed positive signs such as the sex ratio among Muslims is 951 females to 1,000 males, which is higher than the national average and indicated a slowing of the Muslim population growth rate.<ref name="Ashish TripathiAshish Tripathi 2015">{{cite web | first=Ashish |last=Tripathi | title=Mayawati accuses Modi govt of releasing religion-based census to woo voters in Bihar | website=The Times of India | date=9 September 2015 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Mayawati-accuses-Modi-govt-of-releasing-religion-based-census-to-woo-voters-in-Bihar/articleshow/48890614.cms | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref> On 10 September, she called for the deployment of central forces in large numbers on electoral duty to assure a free and fair election and further asked the ECI to keep a watch on possible sectarian ploys by the BJP.<ref>{{cite news | agency=Press Trust of India | title=Mayawati seeks more security for Bihar polls | website=The Hindu | date=10 September 2015 | url=http://www.thehindu.com/elections/bihar2015/mayawati-seeks-more-security-for-bihar-polls/article7634696.ece | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="timesofindia-economic times 2015">{{cite web | title=BSP supremo Mayawati seeks more security forces for Bihar elections | website=timesofindia-economic times | date=9 September 2015 | url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-09-09/news/66363796_1_bihary-olls-bsp-chief-mayawati | access-date=18 September 2015}}{{dead link|date=October 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

Mayawati officially launched the party's campaign on 9 October from [[Banka Lok Sabha constituency|Banka]].<ref name="Kumar 2015">{{cite web | last=Kumar | first=Madhuri | title=BSP likely to cut into dalit votes, spoil NDA show | website=The Times of India | date=18 September 2015 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/BSP-likely-to-cut-into-dalit-votes-spoil-NDA-show/articleshow/49018476.cms | access-date=18 September 2015}}</ref> On 13 October, addressing a rally in Rohtas and Kaimur districts, she claimed that the SP chief [[Mulayam Singh Yadav]] and the party leadership had surrendered to the BJP. She claimed that it has fielded candidates after consulting with the BJP.<ref name="Shah 2015">{{cite web | last=Shah | first=Pankaj | title=Mayawati attacks SP, says Mulayam is supporting BJP | website=The Times of India | date=13 October 2015 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Mayawati-attacks-SP-says-Mulayam-is-supporting-BJP/articleshow/49339149.cms | access-date=20 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="Mohan 2015">{{cite web | last=Mohan | first=Archis | title=Mayawati, the unlikely ally of Bihar's 'Grand Alliance' | website=Business Standard Opinion | date=20 October 2015 | url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/mayawati-the-unlikely-ally-of-bihar-s-grand-alliance-business-standard-opinion-115102000342_1.html | access-date=20 October 2015}}</ref> She further called on the NDA to not allow the reservation policy for OBCs and SC/STs to fall under the RSS' influence.<ref name="NDTV.com 2015">{{cite web | title=BSP Chief Mayawati Promises Quota for Upper Caste Poor | website=NDTV.com | date=13 October 2015 | url=http://www.ndtv.com/bihar/bsp-chief-mayawati-promises-quota-for-upper-caste-poor-1231715 | access-date=20 October 2015}}</ref>
On 25 October, Mayawati while addressing a rally in [[Buxar district]] of Bihar said that [[Samajwadi Party]] played in the hands of BJP due to which [[Nationalist Congress Party]] (NCP) broke away from it. She also alleged that BJP is working only for the Business class and the Nitish-Lalu governments did nothing for the poor.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/ncp-broke-ties-with-sp-in-bihar-because-of-bjp-says-mayawati/articleshow/49528951.cms|title=NCP broke ties with SP in Bihar because of BJP, says Mayawati |website=The Times of India|date=25 October 2015 }}</ref>

====Minor====
Expelled RJD MP [[Pappu Yadav]] created the Jan Adhikar Party before the election and announced to fight against the Lalu-Nitish alliance.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/purnea-mp-pappu-yadav-forms-new-jan-adhikar-party/articleshow/47607001.cms|title=Purnea MP Pappu Yadav forms new Jan Adhikar Party|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=10 June 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=17 May 2015|title=Expelled RJD MP Pappu Yadav floats new party|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Expelled-RJD-MP-Pappu-Yadav-floats-new-party/articleshow/47319368.cms|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520040231/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Expelled-RJD-MP-Pappu-Yadav-floats-new-party/articleshow/47319368.cms|archive-date=2015-05-20|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com}}</ref> [[Yogendra Yadav]] has announced that Swaraj Abhiyan may extend its support to certain political parties, however it was not clear which one.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-swaraj-abhiyan-may-support-parties-in-bihar-polls-yogendra-yadav-2091022|title=Swaraj Abhiyan may support parties in Bihar polls: Yogendra Yadav|work=dna}}</ref>

On 17 September, [[Shiv Sena]] announced that it will contest over 150 seats during the election.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/shiv-sena-says-will-contest-over-150-seats-in-bihar-polls-115091700639_1.html|title=Shiv Sena says will contest over 150 seats in Bihar polls|date=17 September 2015|via=Business Standard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.news.yahoo.com/shiv-sena-says-contest-over-150-seats-bihar-104546619.html|title=Shiv Sena says will contest over 150 seats in Bihar polls|date=17 September 2015|work=Yahoo News India}}</ref> On 19 September, a third front – Socialist Secular Morcha – announced its seat distribution: SP got 85 seats, Janadhikar Party got 64 seats, NCP got 40 seats, SSP got 28 seats, SJP got 23 seats and NPP got three seats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/sp-teams-up-with-pappu-ncp-3-others-to-form-third-front-115091900675_1.html|title=SP teams up with Pappu, NCP, 3 others to form third front|agency=Press Trust of India|date=19 September 2015|via=Business Standard}}</ref> Former U.K. banker Akshay Verma's Sarvajan Kalyan Loktantrik Party contested about 90 seats in the election.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/from-corridors-of-uk-bank-to-colonies-of-fishermen/articleshow/49343184.cms|title=From corridors of UK bank to colonies of fishermen |website=The Times of India|date=13 October 2015 }}</ref>

The [[Aam Aadmi Party]] and [[Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)|JVM-P]] decided that they will not contest the election, but will campaign against the NDA.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/JVM-P-to-support-Bihar-alliance-against-BJP/articleshow/47750471.cms|title=JVM-P to support Bihar alliance against BJP|work=The Times of India|date=21 June 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=AAP not to contest Bihar assembly election|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/AAP-not-to-contest-Bihar-assembly-election/articleshow/47376330.cms|website=The Times of India|access-date=21 May 2015}}</ref>

==List of Candidates==
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | Constituency
! colspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}" |[[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|MGB]]
! colspan="3" style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}" |[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
! No.
! Name
! colspan="2" | Party ||Candidate
! colspan="2" | Party ||Candidate
|-
! 1
| [[Valmiki Nagar Assembly constituency|Valmiki Nagar]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Irshad Hussain
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Surendra Prasad
|-

! 2
| [[Ramnagar, Bihar Assembly constituency|Ramnagar (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Purnmasi Ram
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Bhagirathi Devi
|-

! 3
| [[Narkatiaganj Assembly constituency|Narkatiaganj]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Vinay Varma
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Renu Devi
|-

! 4
| [[Bagaha Assembly constituency|Bagaha]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Bhishm Sahani
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Raghaw Sharan Pandey
|-

! 5
| [[Lauriya Assembly constituency|Lauriya]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ran Kaushal Pratap Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vinay Bihari
|-

! 6
| [[Nautan Assembly constituency|Nautan]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Baidyanath Prasad Mahto
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Narayan Prasad
|-

! 7
| [[Chanpatia Assembly constituency|Chanpatia]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| N. N. Sahi
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Prakash Rai
|-

! 8
| [[Bettiah Assembly constituency|Bettiah]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Madan Mohan Tiwari
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Renu Devi
|-

! 9
| [[Sikta Assembly constituency|Sikta]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Khurshid Urf Firoj Ahmad
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Dilip Varma
|-

! 10
| [[Raxaul Assembly constituency|Raxaul]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Suresh Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ajay Kumar Singh
|-

! 11
| [[Sugauli Assembly constituency|Sugauli]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Om Prakash Choudhary
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ramchandra Sahni
|-

! 12
| [[Narkatiya Assembly constituency|Narkatia]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Shamim Ahmad
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Sant Singh Kushwaha
|-

! 13
| [[Harsidhi Assembly constituency|Harsidhi (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Rajendra Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Krishnandan Paswan
|-

! 14
| [[Govindganj Assembly constituency|Govindganj]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Brajesh Kumar
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Raju Tiwari
|-

! 15
| [[Kesaria Assembly constituency|Kesaria]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Dr. Rajesh Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rajendra Prasad Gupta
|-

! 16
| [[Kalyanpur, Purvi Champaran Assembly constituency|Kalyanpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Razia Khatoon
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Sachindra Prasad Singh
|-

! 17
| [[Pipra, Purvi Champaran Assembly constituency|Pipra]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Krishan Chandra
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Shyambabu Prasad Yadav
|-

! 18
| [[Madhuban, Bihar Assembly constituency|Madhuban]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Shivajee Rai
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rana Randhir
|-

! 19
| [[Motihari Assembly constituency|Motihari]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Binod Kumar Shrivastava
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Pramod Kumar
|-

! 20
| [[Chiraia Assembly constituency|Chiraia]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Laxmi Narayan Prasad Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Lal Babu Prasad Gupta
|-

! 21
| [[Dhaka Assembly constituency|Dhaka]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Faisal Rahman
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Pawan Kumar Jaiswal
|-

! 22
| [[Sheohar Assembly constituency|Sheohar]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Sharfuddin
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Labhali Anand
|-

! 23
| [[Riga Assembly constituency|Riga]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Amit Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Moti Lal Prasad
|-

! 24
| [[Bathnaha Assembly constituency|Bathnaha (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Surendra Ram
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Dinkar Ram
|-

! 25
| [[Parihar Assembly constituency|Parihar]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ram Chandra Purve
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Gaytri Devi
|-

! 26
| [[Sursand Assembly constituency|Sursand]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Syed Abu Dojana
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Shahid Ali Khan
|-

! 27
| [[Bajpatti Assembly constituency|Bajpatti]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Dr. Ranju Geeta
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Rekha Kumari
|-

! 28
| [[Sitamarhi Assembly constituency|Sitamarhi]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Sunil Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Sunil Kumar Alias Pintu
|-

! 29
| [[Runnisaidpur Assembly constituency|Runnisaidpur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Mangita Devi
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Pankaj Kumar Mishra
|-

! 30
| [[Belsand Assembly constituency|Belsand]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Sunita Singh Chauhan
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Md. Nasir Ahamad
|-

! 31
| [[Harlakhi Assembly constituency|Harlakhi]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Mohammad Shabbir
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Basant Kumar
|-

! 32
| [[Benipatti Assembly constituency|Benipatti]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Bhawana Jha
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vinod Narain Jha
|-

! 33
| [[Khajauli Assembly constituency|Khajauli]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Sitaram Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Arun Shankar Prasad
|-

! 34
| [[Babubarhi Assembly constituency|Babubarhi]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Kapil Deo Kamat
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Binod Kumar Singh
|-

! 35
| [[Bisfi Assembly constituency|Bisfi]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Faiyaz Ahmad
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Manoj Kumar Yadav (Bhoj Pandaul)
|-

! 36
| [[Madhubani Assembly constituency|Madhubani]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Samir Kumar Mahaseth
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ramdeo Mahto
|-

! 37
| [[Rajnagar, Bihar Assembly constituency|Rajnagar (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ramawatar Paswan
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ram Prit Paswan
|-

! 38
| [[Jhanjharpur Assembly constituency|Jhanjharpur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Gulab Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Nitish Mishra
|-

! 39
| [[Phulparas Assembly constituency|Phulparas]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Guljar Devi
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ram Sundar Yadav
|-

! 40
| [[Laukaha Assembly constituency|Laukaha]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Lakshmeshwar Roy
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Pramod Kumar Priyedarshi
|-

! 41
| [[Nirmali Assembly constituency|Nirmali]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Anirudh Prasad Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ram Kumar Roy
|-

! 42
| [[Pipra Assembly constituency|Pipra]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Yadubansh Kumar Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vishwamohan Kumar
|-

! 43
| [[Supaul Assembly constituency|Supaul]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Bijendra Prasad Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Kishor Kumar
|-

! 44
| [[Triveniganj Assembly constituency|Triveniganj (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Veena Bharti
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Anant Kumar Bharti
|-

! 45
| [[Chhatapur Assembly constituency|Chhatapur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Jahur Alam
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Niraj Kumar Singh
|-

! 46
| [[Narpatganj Assembly constituency|Narpatganj]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Anil Kumar Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Janardan Yadav
|-

! 47
| [[Raniganj, Bihar Assembly constituency|Raniganj (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Achmit Rishidev
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ramji Das Rishidev
|-

! 48
| [[Forbesganj Assembly constituency|Forbesganj]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Krityanand Biswas
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vidya Sagar Keshri
|-

! 49
| [[Araria Assembly constituency|Araria]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Avidur Rahman
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Ajay Kumar Jha
|-

! 50
| [[Jokihat Assembly constituency|Jokihat]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Sarfraz Alam
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Bibi Zeba Khatun
|-

! 51
| [[Sikti Assembly constituency|Sikti]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Shatrughan Prasad Suman
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vijay Kumar Mandal
|-

! 52
| [[Bahadurganj Assembly constituency|Bahadurganj]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| M.D. Tauseef Alam
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Awadh Bihari Singh
|-

! 53
| [[Thakurganj Assembly constituency|Thakurganj]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Naushad Alam (Tatpauwa)
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Gopal Kumar Agrawal
|-

! 54
| [[Kishanganj, Bihar Assembly constituency|Kishanganj]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Dr Mohammad Jawaid
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Sweety Singh
|-

! 55
| [[Kochadhaman Assembly constituency|Kochadhaman]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Mujahid Alam
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Abdur Rahman
|-

! 56
| [[Amour Assembly constituency|Amour]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Abdul Jalil Mastan
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Saba Zafar
|-

! 57
| [[Baisi Assembly constituency|Baisi]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Abdus Subhan
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Azizur Rahman
|-

! 58
| [[Kasba, Bihar Assembly constituency|Kasba]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Md. Afaque Alam
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Pradip Kumar Das
|-

! 59
| [[Banmankhi Assembly constituency|Banmankhi (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Sanjiv Kumar Paswan
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Krishna Kumar Rishi
|-

! 60
| [[Rupauli Assembly constituency|Rupauli]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Bima Bharti
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Prem Prakash Mandal
|-

! 61
| [[Dhamdaha Assembly constituency|Dhamdaha]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Leshi Singh
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Shiv Shankar Thakur Alias Shankar Azad
|-

! 62
| [[Purnia Assembly constituency|Purnia]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Indu Sinha
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vijay Kumar Khemka
|-

! 63
| [[Katihar Assembly constituency|Katihar]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Bijay Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Tarkishore Prasad
|-

! 64
| [[Kadwa Assembly constituency|Kadwa]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Shakeel Ahmad Khan
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Chander Bhushan Thakur
|-

! 65
| [[Balrampur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Balrampur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Dulal Chandra Goswami
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Barun Kumar Jha
|-

! 66
| [[Pranpur Assembly constituency|Pranpur]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Tauquir Alam
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Binod Kumar Singh
|-

! 67
| [[Manihari Assembly constituency|Manihari (ST)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Manohar Prasad Singh
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Anil Kumar Oraon
|-

! 68
| [[Barari Assembly constituency|Barari]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Neeraj Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Bibhash Chandra Choudhary
|-

! 69
| [[Korha Assembly constituency|Korha (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Punam Kumari Alias Punam Paswan
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Mahesh Paswan
|-

! 70
| [[Alamnagar Assembly constituency|Alamnagar]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Narendra Narayan Yadav
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Chandan Singh
|-

! 71
| [[Bihariganj Assembly constituency|Bihariganj]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Niranjan Kumar Mehta
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ravindra Charan Yadav
|-

! 72
| [[Singheshwar Assembly constituency|Singheshwar (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ramesh Rishidev
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Manju Devi
|-

! 73
| [[Madhepura Assembly constituency|Madhepura]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Chandra Shekhar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vijay Kumar "Bimal"
|-

! 74
| [[Sonbarsha Assembly constituency|Sonbarsha (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ratnesh Sada
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Sarita Devi
|-

! 75
| [[Saharsa Assembly constituency|Saharsa]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Arun Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Alok Ranjan
|-

! 76
| [[Simri Bakhtiarpur Assembly constituency|Simri Bakhtiarpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Dinesh Chandra Yadav
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Yusuf Salahuddin
|-

! 77
| [[Mahishi Assembly constituency|Mahishi]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Dr. Abdul Ghafoor
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Chandan Kumar Sah
|-

! 78
| [[Kusheshwar Asthan Assembly constituency|Kusheshwar Asthan (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Shashi Bhusan Hazari
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Dhananjay Kumar Alias Mrinal Paswan
|-

! 79
| [[Gaura Bauram Assembly constituency|Gaura Bauram]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Madan Sahni
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Vinod Sahni
|-

! 80
| [[Benipur Assembly constituency|Benipur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Sunil Choudhary
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Gopal Jee Thakur
|-

! 81
| [[Alinagar Assembly constituency|Alinagar]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Abdul Bari Siddiqui
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Mishri Lal Yadav
|-

! 82
| [[Darbhanga Rural Assembly constituency|Darbhanga Rural]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Lalit Kumar Yadav
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Naushad Ahmad
|-

! 83
| [[Darbhanga Assembly constituency|Darbhanga]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Om Prakash Kheria
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Sanjay Saraogi
|-

! 84
| [[Hayaghat Assembly constituency|Hayaghat]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Amar Nath Gami
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Ramesh Choudhary
|-

! 85
| [[Bahadurpur Assembly constituency|Bahadurpur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Bhola Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Hari Sahani
|-

! 86
| [[Keoti Assembly constituency|Keoti]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Faraz Fatmi
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ashok Kumar Yadav
|-

! 87
| [[Jale Assembly constituency|Jale]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Rishi Mishra
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Jibesh Kumar
|-

! 88
| [[Gaighat Assembly constituency|Gaighat]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Maheshwar Prasad Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Veena Devi
|-

! 89
| [[Aurai, Bihar Assembly constituency|Aurai]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Surendra Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ram Surat Ray
|-

! 90
| [[Minapur Assembly constituency|Minapur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Rajeev Kumar Urf Munna Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ajay Kumar
|-

! 91
| [[Bochahan Assembly constituency|Bochaha (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ramai Ram
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Anil Kumar
|-

! 92
| [[Sakra Assembly constituency|Sakra (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Lal Babu Ram
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Arjun Ram
|-

! 93
| [[Kurhani Assembly constituency|Kurhani]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Manoj Kumar Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Kedar Prasad Gupta
|-

! 94
| [[Muzaffarpur Assembly constituency|Muzaffarpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Bijendra Chaudhary
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Suresh Kumar Sharma
|-

! 95
| [[Kanti Assembly constituency|Kanti]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Md. Parwez Alam
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Ajit Kumar
|-

! 96
| [[Baruraj Assembly constituency|Baruraj]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Nand Kumar Rai
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Arun Kumar Singh
|-

! 97
| [[Paroo Assembly constituency|Paroo]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Shankar Prasad
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ashok Kumar Singh
|-

! 98
| [[Sahebganj Assembly constituency|Sahebganj]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ramvichar Rai
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Raju Kumar Singh
|-

! 99
| [[Baikunthpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Baikunthpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Manjeet Kumar Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Mithilesh Tiwari
|-

! 100
| [[Barauli, Bihar Assembly constituency|Barauli]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Md Nematullah
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rampravesh Rai
|-

! 101
| [[Gopalganj Assembly constituency|Gopalganj]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Reyajul Haque Alias "Raju"
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Subash Singh
|-

! 102
| [[Kuchaikote Assembly constituency|Kuchaikote]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Amrendra Kumar Pandey
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Kali Prasad Pandey
|-

! 103
| [[Bhorey Assembly constituency|Bhorey (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Anil Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Indradev Manjhi
|-

! 104
| [[Hathua Assembly constituency|Hathua]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ramsewak Singh
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Mahachandra Pd. Singh
|-

! 105
| [[Siwan Assembly constituency|Siwan]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Bablu Prasad
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vyas Deo Prasad
|-

! 106
| [[Ziradei Assembly constituency|Ziradei]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ramesh Singh Kushwaha
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Asha Devi
|-

! 107
| [[Darauli Assembly constituency|Darauli (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Parmatma Ram
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ramayan Manjhi
|-

! 108
| [[Raghunathpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Raghunathpur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Harishankar Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Manoj Kumar Singh
|-

! 109
| [[Daraunda Assembly constituency|Daraundha]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Kavita Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Jitendra Swami
|-

! 110
| [[Barharia Assembly constituency|Barharia]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Shyam Bahadur Singh
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Bachha Panday
|-

! 111
| [[Goriakothi Assembly constituency|Goriakothi]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Satyadeo Prasad Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Devesh Kant Singh
|-

! 112
| [[Maharajganj, Bihar Assembly constituency|Maharajganj]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Hem Narayan Sah
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Kumar Deo Ranjan Singh
|-

! 113
| [[Ekma Assembly constituency|Ekma]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Manoranjan Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Kameshwar Kumar Singh
|-

! 114
| [[Manjhi Assembly constituency|Manjhi]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Vijay Shanker Dubey
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Keshav Singh
|-

! 115
| [[Baniapur Assembly constituency|Baniapur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Kedar Nath Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Tarkeshwar Singh
|-

! 116
| [[Taraiya Assembly constituency|Taraiya]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Mudrika Prasad Roy
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Janak Singh
|-

! 117
| [[Marhaura Assembly constituency|Marhaura]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Jeetendra Kumar Rai
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Lal Babu Ray
|-

! 118
| [[Chapra, Bihar Assembly constituency|Chapra]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Randhir Kumar Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Dr. C.N. Gupta
|-

! 119
| [[Garkha Assembly constituency|Garkha (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Muneshwar Chaudhary
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Gyanchand Manjhi
|-

! 120
| [[Amnour Assembly constituency|Amnour]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Krishan Kumar Mantoo
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Shatrudhan Tiwary
|-

! 121
| [[Parsa Assembly constituency|Parsa]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Chandrika Rai
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Chhotelal Rai
|-

! 122
| [[Sonepur Assembly constituency|Sonepur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Dr. Ramanuj Prasad
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vinay Kumar Singh
|-

! 123
| [[Hajipur Assembly constituency|Hajipur]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Jagannath Prasad Rai
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Awadhesh Singh
|-

! 124
| [[Lalganj, Bihar Assembly constituency|Lalganj]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Vijay Kumar Shukla
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Raj Kumar Sah
|-

! 125
| [[Vaishali Assembly constituency|Vaishali]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Raj Kishore Singh
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Brishin Patel
|-

! 126
| [[Mahua Assembly constituency|Mahua]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Tej Pratap Yadav
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Ravindra Ray
|-

! 127
| [[Raja Pakar Assembly constituency|Raja Pakar (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Shivchandra Ram
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Ram Nath Raman
|-

! 128
| [[Raghopur Assembly constituency|Raghopur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Tejashwi Prasad Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Satish Kumar
|-

! 129
| [[Mahnar Assembly constituency|Mahnar]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Umesh Singh Kushwaha
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Dr. Achuta Nand
|-

! 130
| [[Patepur Assembly constituency|Patepur (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Prema Chaudhary
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Mahendra Baitha
|-

! 131
| [[Kalyanpur, Samastipur Assembly constituency|Kalyanpur (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Maheshwar Hazari
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Prince Raj
|-

! 132
| [[Warisnagar Assembly constituency|Warisnagar]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ashok Kumar
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Chandrashekhar Rai
|-

! 133
| [[Samastipur Assembly constituency|Samastipur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Akhtarul Islam Shaheen
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Renu Kumari
|-

! 134
| [[Ujiarpur Assembly constituency|Ujiarpur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Alok Kumar Mehta
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Kumar Anant
|-

! 135
| [[Morwa Assembly constituency|Morwa]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Vidya Sagar Singh Nishad
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Suresh Ray
|-

! 136
| [[Sarairanjan Assembly constituency|Sarairanjan]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Vijay Kumar Choudhary
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ranjeet Nirguni
|-

! 137
| [[Mohiuddinnagar Assembly constituency|Mohiuddinnagar]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ejya Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Satyendra Narayan Singh
|-

! 138
| [[Bibhutipur Assembly constituency|Bibhutipur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ram Balak Singh
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Ramesh Kumar Roy
|-

! 139
| [[Rosera Assembly constituency|Rosera (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Dr. Ashok Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Manju Hazari
|-

! 140
| [[Hasanpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Hasanpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Raj Kumar Ray
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Vinod Choudhary
|-

! 141
| [[Cheria-Bariarpur Assembly constituency|Cheria Bariarpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Kumari Manju Verma
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Anil Kumar Chaudhary
|-

! 142
| [[Bachhwara Assembly constituency|Bachhwara]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Ramdeo Rai
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Arvind Kumar Singh
|-

! 143
| [[Teghra Assembly constituency|Teghra]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Birendra Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ram Lakhan Singh
|-

! 144
| [[Matihani Assembly constituency|Matihani]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Narendra Kumar Singh Alias Bogo Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Sarvesh Kumar
|-

! 145
| [[Sahebpur Kamal Assembly constituency|Sahebpur Kamal]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Shreenarayan Yadav
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| M.D. Aslam
|-

! 146
| [[Begusarai Assembly constituency|Begusarai]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Amita Bhushan
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Surendra Mehta
|-

! 147
| [[Bakhri Assembly constituency|Bakhri (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Upendra Paswan
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ramanand Ram
|-

! 148
| [[Alauli Assembly constituency|Alauli (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Chandan Kumar
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Pashupati Kumar Paras
|-

! 149
| [[Khagaria Assembly constituency|Khagaria]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Poonam Devi Yadav
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Rajesh Kumar Urf Rohit Kumar
|-

! 150
| [[Beldaur Assembly constituency|Beldaur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Panna Lal Singh Patel
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Mithilesh Kumar Nishad
|-

! 151
| [[Parbatta Assembly constituency|Parbatta]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ramanad Prasad Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ramanuj Choudhary
|-

! 152
| [[Bihpur Assembly constituency|Bihpur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Varsha Rani
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Kumar Shailendra
|-

! 153
| [[Gopalpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Gopalpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Narendra Kumar Niraj
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Anil Kumar Yadav
|-

! 154
| [[Pirpainti Assembly constituency|Pirpainti (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ram Vilash Paswan
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Lalan Kumar
|-

! 155
| [[Kahalgaon Assembly constituency|Kahalgaon]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Sadanand Singh
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Niraj Kumar Mandal
|-

! 156
| [[Bhagalpur Assembly constituency|Bhagalpur]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Ajeet Sharma
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Arjit Shashwat Choubey
|-

! 157
| [[Sultanganj Assembly constituency|Sultanganj]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Subodh Roy
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Himanshu Prasad
|-

! 158
| [[Nathnagar Assembly constituency|Nathnagar]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ajay Kumar Mandal
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Amar Nath Prasad Alies Amar Singh Kushwaha
|-

! 159
| [[Amarpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Amarpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Janardan Manjhi
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Mrinal Shekhar
|-

! 160
| [[Dhoraiya Assembly constituency|Dhauraiya (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Manish Kumar
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Bhudeo Choudhary
|-

! 161
| [[Banka Assembly constituency|Banka]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Zafrul Hoda
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ram Narayan Mandal
|-

! 162
| [[Katoria Assembly constituency|Katoria (ST)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Sweety Sima Hembram
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Nikki Hembram
|-

! 163
| [[Belhar Assembly constituency|Belhar]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Giridhari Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Manoj Yadav
|-

! 164
| [[Tarapur Assembly constituency|Tarapur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| M L Choudhary
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Sakuni Choudhary
|-

! 165
| [[Munger Assembly constituency|Munger]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Vijay Kumar 'Vijay'
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Pranav Kumar
|-

! 166
| [[Jamalpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Jamalpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Shailesh Kumar
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Himanshu Kunvar
|-

! 167
| [[Suryagarha Assembly constituency|Suryagarha]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Prahlad Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Prem Ranjan Patel
|-

! 168
| [[Lakhisarai Assembly constituency|Lakhisarai]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ramanand Mandal
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vijay Kumar Sinha
|-

! 169
| [[Sheikhpura Assembly constituency|Sheikhpura]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Randhir Kumar Soni
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Naresh Saw
|-

! 170
| [[Barbigha Assembly constituency|Barbigha]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Sudarshan Kumar
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Sheo Kumar
|-

! 171
| [[Asthawan Assembly constituency|Asthawan]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Jitendra Kumar
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Chhote Lal Yadav
|-

! 172
| [[Biharsharif Assembly constituency|Biharsharif]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Mohammad Asghar Shamim
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Dr. Sunil Kumar
|-

! 173
| [[Rajgir, Bihar Assembly constituency|Rajgir (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ravi Jyoti Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Satydeo Narain Arya
|-

! 174
| [[Islampur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Islampur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Chandrasen Prasad
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Birendra Gope
|-

! 175
| [[Hilsa Assembly constituency|Hilsa]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Atri Muni Urph Shakti Singh Yadav
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Deepika Kumari
|-

! 176
| [[Nalanda Assembly constituency|Nalanda]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Shrawon Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Kaushlendra Kumar
|-

! 177
| [[Harnaut Assembly constituency|Harnaut]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Hari Narayan Singh
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Arun Kumar
|-

! 178
| [[Mokama Assembly constituency|Mokama]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Neeraj Kumar
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Kanhaiya Kumar Singh
|-

! 179
| [[Barh Assembly constituency|Barh]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Manoj Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Gyanendra Kumar Singh
|-

! 180
| [[Bakhtiarpur Assembly constituency|Bakhtiarpur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Aniruddh Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ranvijay Singh
|-

! 181
| [[Digha Assembly constituency|Digha]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Rajeev Ranjan Prasad
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Sanjiv Chaurasia
|-

! 182
| [[Bankipur Assembly constituency|Bankipur]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Kumar Ashish
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Nitin Naveen
|-

! 183
| [[Kumhrar Assembly constituency|Kumhrar]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Aquil Haider
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Arun Kumar Sinha
|-

! 184
| [[Patna Sahib Assembly constituency|Patna Sahib]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Santosh Mehta
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Nand Kishore Yadav
|-

! 185
| [[Fatuha Assembly constituency|Fatuha]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Dr. Rama Nand Yadav
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Satyendra Kumar Singh
|-

! 186
| [[Danapur Assembly constituency|Danapur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Raj Kishor Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Asha Devi
|-

! 187
| [[Maner Assembly constituency|Maner]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Bhai Virendra
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Shrikant Nirala
|-

! 188
| [[Phulwari Assembly constituency|Phulwari (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Shyam Rajak
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Rajeshwar Manjhi
|-

! 189
| [[Masaurhi Assembly constituency|Masaurhi (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Rekha Devi (Vill-Pabheda)
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Nutan Paswan
|-

! 190
| [[Paliganj Assembly constituency|Paliganj]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Jay Vardhan Yadav Alias Bachcha Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ram Janm Sharma
|-

! 191
| [[Bikram Assembly constituency|Bikram]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Siddharth
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Anil Kumar
|-

! 192
| [[Sandesh Assembly constituency|Sandesh]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Arun Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Sanjay Singh (Tiger)
|-

! 193
| [[Barhara Assembly constituency|Barhara]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Saroj Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Aasha Devi
|-

! 194
| [[Arrah Assembly constituency|Arrah]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Mohammad Nawaz Alam
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Amrendra Pratap Singh
|-

! 195
| [[Agiaon Assembly constituency|Agiaon (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Prabhunath Prasad
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Shivesh Kumar
|-

! 196
| [[Tarari Assembly constituency|Tarari]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Akhilesh Prasad Singh
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Gita Pandey
|-

! 197
| [[Jagdishpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Jagdishpur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ram Vishun Singh
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Rakesh Raushan
|-

! 198
| [[Shahpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Shahpur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Rahul Tiwary
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Visheshwar Ojha
|-

! 199
| [[Brahampur Assembly constituency|Brahampur]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Shambhu Nath Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vivek Thakur
|-

! 200
| [[Buxar Assembly constituency|Buxar]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Sanjay Kumar Tiwari Alias Munna Tiwari
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Pradeep Dubey
|-

! 201
| [[Dumraon Assembly constituency|Dumraon]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Dadan Yadav
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Ram Bihari Singh
|-

! 202
| [[Rajpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Rajpur (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Santosh Kumar Nirala
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Bishawnath Ram
|-

! 203
| [[Ramgarh, Bihar Assembly constituency|Ramgarh]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ambika Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ashok Kumar Singh
|-

! 204
| [[Mohania Assembly constituency|Mohania (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Sanjay Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Niranjan Ram
|-

! 205
| [[Bhabua Assembly constituency|Bhabua]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Doctor Pramod Kumar Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Anand Bhushan Pandey
|-

! 206
| [[Chainpur Assembly constituency|Chainpur]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Mahabali Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Brij Kishor Bind
|-

! 207
| [[Chenari Assembly constituency|Chenari (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Mangal Ram
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Lalan Paswan
|-

! 208
| [[Sasaram Assembly constituency|Sasaram]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ashok Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Jawahar Prasad
|-

! 209
| [[Kargahar Assembly constituency|Kargahar]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Bashisht Singh
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Birendra Kumar Singh
|-

! 210
| [[Dinara Assembly constituency|Dinara]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Jai Kumar Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rajendra Prasad Singh
|-

! 211
| [[Nokha, Bihar Assembly constituency|Nokha]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Anita Devi
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rameshwar Prasad
|-

! 212
| [[Dehri Assembly constituency|Dehri]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Mohammad Iliyas Hussain
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Jitendra Kumar @ Rinku Soni
|-

! 213
| [[Karakat Assembly constituency|Karakat]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Sanjay Kumar Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rajeshwar Raj
|-

! 214
| [[Arwal Assembly constituency|Arwal]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Ravindra Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Chitranjan Kumar
|-

! 215
| [[Kurtha Assembly constituency|Kurtha]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Satyadeo Singh
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Ashok Kumar Verma
|-

! 216
| [[Jehanabad Assembly constituency|Jahanabad]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Mundrika Singh Yadav
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Praveen Kumar
|-

! 217
| [[Ghosi Assembly constituency|Ghosi]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Krishan Nandan Prasad Verma
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Rahul Kumar
|-

! 218
| [[Makhdumpur Assembly constituency|Makhadumapur (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Subedar Das
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Jitan Ram Manjhi
|-

! 219
| [[Goh Assembly constituency|Goh]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Doctor Ranvijay Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Manoj Kumar
|-

! 220
| [[Obra, Bihar Assembly constituency|Obra]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Birendra Kumar Sinha
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Chandra Bhushan Verma
|-

! 221
| [[Nabinagar Assembly constituency|Nabinagar]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Virendra Kumar Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Gopal Narayan Singh
|-

! 222
| [[Kutumba Assembly constituency|Kutumba (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Rajesh Kumar
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Santosh Kumar Suman
|-

! 223
| [[Aurangabad, Bihar Assembly constituency|Aurangabad]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Anand Shankar Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ramadhar Singh
|-

! 224
| [[Rafiganj Assembly constituency|Rafiganj]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ashok Kumar Singh
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Pramod Kumar Singh
|-

! 225
| [[Gurua Assembly constituency|Gurua]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Ramchandra Prasad Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rajiv Nandan
|-

! 226
| [[Sherghati Assembly constituency|Sherghati]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Vinod Prasad Yadav
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Mukesh Kumar Yadav
|-

! 227
| [[Imamganj Assembly constituency|Imamganj (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Uday Narain Choudhary
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Jitan Ram Manjhi
|-

! 228
| [[Barachatti Assembly constituency|Barachatti (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Samta Devi
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Sudha Devi
|-

! 229
| [[Bodh Gaya Assembly constituency|Bodh Gaya (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Kumar Sarvjeet
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Shyamdeo Paswan
|-

! 230
| [[Gaya Town Assembly constituency|Gaya Town]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Priya Ranjan
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Prem Kumar
|-

! 231
| [[Tikari Assembly constituency|Tikari]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Abhay Kumar Sinha
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Anil Kumar
|-

! 232
| [[Belaganj Assembly constituency|Belaganj]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Surendra Prasad Yadav
| {{party name with color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| Sharim Ali
|-

! 233
| [[Atri Assembly constituency|Atri]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Kunti Devi
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Arvind Kumar Singh
|-

! 234
| [[Wazirganj Assembly constituency|Wazirganj]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Awadhesh Kumar Singh
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Birendra Singh
|-

! 235
| [[Rajauli Assembly constituency|Rajauli (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Prakash Veer
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Arjun Ram
|-

! 236
| [[Hisua Assembly constituency|Hisua]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Kaushal Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Anil Singh
|-

! 237
| [[Nawada Assembly constituency|Nawada]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Rajballabh Prasad
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}
| Indradeo Prasad
|-

! 238
| [[Gobindpur Assembly constituency|Gobindpur]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Purnima Yadav
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Fula Devi
|-

! 239
| [[Warisaliganj Assembly constituency|Warsaliganj]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Pradip Kumar
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Aruna Devi
|-

! 240
| [[Sikandra, Bihar Assembly constituency|Sikandra (SC)]]
| {{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| Sudhir Kumar Alias Banty Choudhary
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Subhash Chandra Bosh
|-

! 241
| [[Jamui Assembly constituency|Jamui]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Vijay Prakash
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ajoy Pratap
|-

! 242
| [[Jhajha Assembly constituency|Jhajha]]
| {{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
| Damodar Rawat
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rabindra Yadav
|-

! 243
| [[Chakai Assembly constituency|Chakai]]
| {{party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| Savitri Devi
| {{party name with color|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| Vijay Kumar Singh
|-

|}

==Opinion polls==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:85%;width:95%;line-height:20px;"
|-
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="100px"| When conducted
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="10px"| Ref
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="180px"| Polling organisation/agency
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="100px"| Sample size
| bgcolor={{party color|United Progressive Alliance}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|National Democratic Alliance (India)}} |
| style="background:violet;"|
|-
! class="wikitable" width="90px"| [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|MGB]]
! class="wikitable" width="90px"| [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
! class="wikitable" width="70px"| [[List of political parties in India|Other]]
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! Apr–May 2015
! <ref name="ABPMay2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/05/22/article595577.ece/ABP-News-Opinion-Poll-The-mood-in-Bihar |title=ABP News Opinion Poll: The mood in Bihar |date=22 May 2015 |publisher=ABP News Bureau |access-date=25 July 2015}}</ref>
! [[ABP News]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/07/24/article661473.ece/ABP-News-Nielsen-opinion-poll-Nitish-Kumar%E2%80%99s-wave-gaining-momentum-in-Bihar|title=ABP News–Nielsen opinion poll: Nitish Kumar's wave gaining momentum in Bihar|work=ABP Live}}</ref>
| NA
| 127
| 111
| 5
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! Jun–Jul 2015
! <ref name="ABPJul2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/07/24/article661473.ece/ABP-News-Nielsen-opinion-poll-Nitish-Kumar%E2%80%99s-wave-gaining-momentum-in-Bihar |title=ABP News–Nielsen opinion poll: JD(U)–RJD–Congress alliance to badhat, Nitish Kumar's wave gaining down in Bihar |date=24 July 2015 |publisher=ABP News Bureau |access-date=25 July 2015}}</ref>
! [[ABP News]] – Nielsen
| NA
| 121
| 118
| 4
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! August–September 2015
! <ref name="DHSep2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/500280/bjp-allies-get-majority-bihar.html |title=BJP allies get majority|date=10 September 2015 |work=Deccan Herald |access-date=10 September 2015}}</ref>
! [[India Today]] – Cicero
| 5,968
| 106
| 125
| 12
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! August–September 2015
! <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/india-tv-c-voter-bihar-opinion-poll-32268.html|title=Lalu-Nitish alliance ahead of BJP-led combine in India TV-CVoter poll in Bihar|date=9 September 2015|website=www.indiatvnews.com}}</ref>
! [[India TV]]–CVoter poll
| 10,638
| 120–128
| 94–106
| 17–21
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! 3–7 September 2015
! <ref>{{Cite web|last=Chandrasekhar|first=Dheeraj|date=15 September 2015|title=ABP News – Nielsen Opinion Poll: JD(U) neck and neck with NDA in Bihar, to win 122 seats|url=http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/09/15/article715081.ece/ABP-News--Nielsen-Opinion-Poll-JDU-neck-and-neck-with-NDA-in-Bihar-to-win-122-seats|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150917004321/http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/09/15/article715081.ece/ABP-News--Nielsen-Opinion-Poll-JDU-neck-and-neck-with-NDA-in-Bihar-to-win-122-seats|archive-date=2015-09-17|website=abplive.in}}</ref>
! [[ABP News]] – Nielsen
| 4,493
| 122
| 118
| 3
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! 12–13 September 2015
! <ref name="dnaindia.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-modi-led-nda-to-get-massive-mandate-in-bihar-says-zee-news-survey-2126403|title=Modi-led NDA to get massive mandate in Bihar, says Zee News survey|date=19 September 2015|website=DNA India}}</ref>
! Zee News Survey
| 31,906
| 70–103
| 140–173
| 0
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! 23 September 2015
! <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bjp-and-nitish-lalu-alliance-neck-and-neck-in-bihar-times-now-cvoter-survey/articleshow/49094598.cms|title=BJP and Nitish-Lalu alliance neck and neck in Bihar: Times Now-CVoter survey |website=The Times of India|date=24 September 2015 }}</ref>
! [[Times Now]] – CVoter
| 7,786
| 112
| 117
| 14
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! October 2015
! <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://infoelections.com/infoelection/index.php/bihar-news/5393-bihar-assembly-election-opinion-poll|title=Assembly Election Results Dates Candidate List Opinion/Exit Poll Latest News, Political Consulting Survey Election Campaign Management Company India|website=infoelections.com}}</ref>
! Leadtech – infoelections.com
| 11,566
| 73
| 168
|
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! 8 October 2015
! <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/politics/cnn-ibn-axis-bihar-pre-poll-survey-nitish-back-with-129-145-seats-for-jdu-rjd-congress-alliance-bjp-led-nda-87-103-1149260.html|title=News, Breaking News, Latest News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18|website=News18}}</ref>
! [[CNN-IBN]]–Axis Poll
| 27500
| 137
| 95
| 11
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! 7 October 2015
! <ref>{{Cite web|date=7 October 2015|title=ABP News-Nielsen Final Opinion poll: Modi's magic continues, NDA likely to get majority in Bihar|url=http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/10/07/article734139.ece/ABP-News-Nielsen-Final-Opinion-poll-Modis-magic-continues-NDA-likely-to-get-majority-in-Bihar|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011033226/http://www.abplive.in/india/2015/10/07/article734139.ece/ABP-News-Nielsen-Final-Opinion-poll-Modis-magic-continues-NDA-likely-to-get-majority-in-Bihar|archive-date=2015-10-11|website=abplive.in}}</ref>
! [[ABP News]]
| NA
| 112
| 128
| 3
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! October 2015
! <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/assembly-elections-2015/bihar-polls/story/bihar-election-itg-cicero-poll-predicts-a-tight-fight-267156-2015-10-08|title=Bihar Election: India Today-Cicero poll predicted a tight fight|date=October 8, 2015|website=India Today}}</ref>
! [[India Today]] – Cicero poll
| NA
| 122
| 111
| 10
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! October 2015
! <ref>{{cite news|date=9 October 2015|title=NN's Opinion Poll: NDA likely to get majority in Bihar; Nitish most favoured for CM|work=newsnation.in|url=http://www.newsnation.in/article/93152-nns-opinion-poll-nda-majority-bihar.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011183018/http://www.newsnation.in/article/93152-nns-opinion-poll-nda-majority-bihar.html|archive-date=2015-10-11}}</ref>
! [[News Nation]]
| 7,000
| 115–119
| 120–124
| 2–4
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! October 2015
! <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/nda-grand-alliance-bihar-opinion-poll-32936.html|title=NDA slightly ahead of grand alliance in Bihar photofinish, says India TV-CVoter pre-poll survey|date=8 October 2015|website=www.indiatvnews.com}}</ref>
! [[India TV]]– Cvoter
| 9,916
| 108–124
| 111–127
| 4–12
|}

==Election==
The electoral process cost about {{INRConvert|300|c}} to the Bihar government exchequer.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/Bihar-polls-cost-state-exchequer-Rs-300-crore/articleshow/49694866.cms|title=Bihar polls cost state exchequer Rs 300 crore|work=The Times of India|date=7 November 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/987033/indias-greatest-feat/|title=India's greatest feat|date=7 November 2015|work=The Express Tribune}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/Bihar-elections-Countdown-ends-counting-all-set-to-begin/articleshow/49704924.cms|title=Bihar elections: Countdown ends, counting all set to begin|work=The Times of India}}</ref>


The electorate in Chandila village of Maker block in Saran district's [[Amnour Assembly constituency]] boycotted the election and no votes were cast in protest against the government's failure to bring electricity to their village.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bihar-polls-no-electrification-no-vote-at-sarans-chandila-village/articleshow/49566945.cms|title=Bihar polls: 'No electrification, no vote' at Saran's Chandila village|work=The Economic Times|date=28 October 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/assembly-elections-2015/bihar-polls/story/bihar-elections-villagers-boycott-polls-want-bijli-first-in-chandila-270303-2015-10-28|title=Bihar election: Villagers boycott polls, want bijli first in Chandila|work=India Today}}</ref>

==Exit polls==
The Axis APM polls was not finally aired by its commissioning news channel, CNN–IBN.<ref name="Indian Express">{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-elections-tv-channel-drops-exit-poll-that-predicted-alliance-sweep|title=Bihar polls: TV channel drops exit poll that predicted Alliance sweep|date=5 November 2015|work=The Indian Express}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:100%;width:95%;line-height:20px;"
|-
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="180px"| Polling organisation/agency
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="5px"| Ref
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="100px"| Sample size
| bgcolor={{party color|United Progressive Alliance}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|National Democratic Alliance (India)}} |
| style="background:violet;"|
|-
! class="wikitable" width="90px"| [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|MGB]]
! class="wikitable" width="90px"| [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
! class="wikitable" width="70px"| [[List of political parties in India|Other]]
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
| [[ABP News]] – Nielsen
| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://infoelections.com/infoelection/index.php/bihar-news/6800-abp-news-nielsen-live-bihar-exit-poll-2015.html|title=ABP News-Nielsen Bihar Exit Poll 2015|work=infoelections.com}}</ref>
| {{n/a}}
| '''130'''
| 108
| 5
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
| CNN–IBN – Axis
|<ref name="Indian Express"/>
| {{n/a}}
| '''176'''
| 64
| 3
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
| [[India Today]] – Cicero
| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://infoelections.com/infoelection/index.php/bihar-news/6804-india-today-cicero-live-bihar-exit-poll-2015.html|title=India Today – Cicero Bihar Exit Poll 2015|work=infoelections.com}}</ref>
| {{n/a}}
| 111–123
| '''113–127'''
| 4–8
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
| [[NDTV]] – Hansa
| <ref name="tc2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/bihar/bjp-gets-125-of-bihars-243-seats-ndtvs-exit-poll-1240964?pfrom=home-lateststories |title=BJP Gets 125 of Bihar's 243 Seats: NDTV's Exit Poll|access-date=6 November 2015|publisher=infoelections}}</ref>
| 76,000
| 110
| '''125'''
| 8
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
| [[India TV]]–[[Times Now]]–CVoter
| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/bihar-assembly-elections-2015-india-tv-exit-poll-results-33580.html|title=India TV–CVoter exit poll projects clear win for Nitish-led grand alliance in Bihar|work=India TV News|date=5 November 2015 }}</ref>
| 35,000+
| '''112–132'''
| 101–121
| 6–14
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
| News 24 – Today's Chanakya
| <ref name="tc1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.todayschanakya.com/exit-poll-bihar-elections-2015.html |title=Bihar Assembly Elections 2015 – Exit Poll |access-date=5 November 2015 |publisher=Today's Chanakya |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114064604/http://www.todayschanakya.com/exit-poll-bihar-elections-2015.html |archive-date=14 November 2015 }}</ref>
| {{n/a}}
| 83
| '''155'''
| 5
|}

==Results==
The result was announced on 8 November.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://infoelections.com/infoelection/index.php/election-results/bihar-election-resuls/6699-bihar-assembly-election-result-2015-live.html|title=Bihar Bihar Election Results 2015|work=infoelections.com}}</ref> The counting of EVMs of 14 assembly constituencies of [[Patna district]] was done in [[Anugrah Narayan College, Patna|AN College Patna]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/state-admin-gears-up-for-counting/articleshow/49649215.cms|title=Bihar administration gears up for counting |website=The Times of India|date=4 November 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/EVMs-in-strongrooms-CISF-jawans-on-guard/articleshow/49586792.cms|title=EVMs in strongrooms, CISF jawans on guard|work=The Times of India|date=29 October 2015 }}</ref> The NOTA option had nine lakhs, or 2.5%, of popular votes and was the highest it had achieved in Bihar elections.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/bihar-elections-bihar-election-2015-bihar-election-results-bihar-election-results-2015-bjp-nda/articleshow/49717555.cms|title=Nota polled highest in Bihar till date|website=The Times of India|date=9 November 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/four-parties-that-did-worse-than-nota-this-bihar-election/story-aqw0UtThwPTFLlNZ0WB7cL.html|title=Four parties that did worse than Nota this Bihar election|date=8 November 2015|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> The number of Yadav MLAs increased to 61 in the Bihar assembly.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/Bihar-election-results-2015-1-in-every-4-new-members-a-Yadav/articleshow/49730275.cms|title=Bihar election results 2015: 1 in every 4 new members in Assembly is a Yadav|work=The Times of India|date=10 November 2015 |access-date=10 April 2016}}</ref>

Results showed that, of the 53 seats won by BJP, 27 were urban areas, which signified that BJP had dramatically shrunk back to its traditional urban support base in Bihar. BJP failed to make a big impact in the rural areas of Bihar, which has one of the lowest urbanization rates. Only 11.3% of the population of Bihar lives in urban areas, which is lowest in India after Himachal Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/bihar-election-bjps-campaign-found-no-resonance-in-villages/articleshow/49742959.cms|title=Bihar election: BJP's campaign found no resonance in villages |website=The Times of India|date=11 November 2015 }}</ref>

According to one analysis, RJD was the biggest beneficiary of this election. RJD increased its seat tally by 59 compared with the previous election. RJD had the best strike rate by winning 81 of the 101 seats contested. RJD became the single largest party in Bihar Assembly. RJD defeated BJP in 36 seats BJP had won in the last election, similarly, it took 25 seats JD (U) had won in the last election.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bihar verdict: How RJD, Congress, JDU turned vote share to seats|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/bihar-verdict-how-rjd-congress-jdu-turned-vote-share-to-seats/story-dEYmNkluVvWP3M3vEFeliL.html|access-date=16 November 2015}}</ref>

===Summary===
{| style="width:88%; text-align:center;"
|+ ↓
|- style="color:white;"
| style="background: #008000;color:white;73.2%;" | '''178'''
| style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}; width:23.8%;" | '''58'''
| style="background:gray; color:white; width:0.02%;" | '''7'''
|-
| {{color|#008000|'''Mahagathbandhan'''}}
| {{color|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|'''NDA'''}}
| {{color|black|'''Others'''}}
|}
{{Wide image|2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly Election Result Map.svg|600px|Map displaying constituencies won by parties}}
<section begin="Results" />{{election table|title=Summary of results of the 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/PartyWiseResult.htm|title=Partywise Result|work=eciresults.nic.in|access-date=24 November 2015|archive-date=15 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215065208/http://eciresults.nic.in/PartyWiseResult.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Lection, [sic] 2015 to the Legislative Assembly of Bihar |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2015/Stat_Bihar_AE2015.pdf |website=eci.nic.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319181926/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2015/Stat_Bihar_AE2015.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-19 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |sortable=yes}}
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9; text-align:center;"
! Colspan=2|Alliance
! Colspan=2|Political party
! Votes
! Vote %
! Change in vote %
! Vote % in seats contested
! Seats contested
! Won
! Net change in seats
! % of seats
|-
|rowspan=3 bgcolor=#008000|
|rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; |[[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|Mahagathbandhan]]
| {{party color cell|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
| 69,95,509
| 18.4
| {{decrease}}0.44
| {{increase}}44.35
| 101
| 80
| {{increase}}58
| 32.92
|-
| {{party color cell|Janata Dal (United)}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Janata Dal (United)]]
| 64,16,414
| 16.8
| {{decrease}}5.81
| {{increase}}40.65
| 101
| 71
| {{decrease}}44
| 29.21
|-
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Indian National Congress]]
| 25,39,638
| 6.7
| {{decrease}}1.68
| {{increase}}39.49
| 41
| 27
| {{increase}}23
| 11.11
|-style="background:blue; color: white;

|-
|rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;background: orange; color: white;"|
|align=center rowspan=4|[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| 93,08,015
| 24.4
| {{increase}}7.94
| {{decrease}}37.48
| 157
| 53
| {{decrease}}38
| 21.81
|-
| {{party color cell|Lok Janshakti Party}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Lok Janshakti Party]]
| 18,40,834
| 4.8
| {{decrease}}1.95
| {{increase}}28.79
| 42
| 2
| {{decrease}}1
| 0.82
|-
| {{party color cell|Rashtriya Lok Samata Party}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]]
| 9,76,787
| 2.6
| -
| 0.64
| 23
| 2
| {{increase}}2
| 0.82
|-
| {{party color cell|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Hindustani Awam Morcha (Secular)]]
| 8,64,856
| 2.3
| -
| 26.90
| 21
| 1
| {{increase}}1
| 0.41
|-style="background:orange; color: white;

|-
|rowspan=6 bgcolor=#FF0000|
|rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;|Left Front
| {{party color cell|Left Front}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Communist Party of India]]
| 5,16,699
| 1.36
| {{decrease}}0.29
| {{decrease}}3.43
| 98
| 0
| {{decrease}}1
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|CPI(ML) Liberation]]
| 5,87,701
| 1.54
| {{decrease}}0.29
| {{decrease}}3.82
| 98
| 3
| {{increase}}3
| 1.23
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
| 2,32,149
| 0.61
| {{decrease}}0.21
| {{decrease}}3.32
| 43
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Socialist Unity Centre of India}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)]]
| 11,621
| 0.03
| {{decrease}}0.02
| {{decrease}}0.74
| 10
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|All India Forward Bloc}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[All India Forward Bloc]]
| 6,936
| 0.02
| {{steady}}0.00
| {{decrease}}0.21
| 9
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]
| 3,045
| 0.01
| {{steady}}0.00
| {{decrease}}0.64
| 3
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
|rowspan=6|
|rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;"| Socialist Secular Morcha
| {{party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Samajwadi Party]]
| 3,85,511
| 1.0
| {{increase}}0.45
| {{increase}}1.83
| 85
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)]]
| 5,14,748
| 1.4
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| 64
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
|-
| {{party color cell|Nationalist Congress Party}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
| 1,85,437
| 0.5
| {{decrease}}1.32
| {{increase}}2.82
| 40
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Samras Samaj Party]]
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| 28
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
|bgcolor=#008000|
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Samajwadi Janata Dal Democratic]]
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| 23
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
|bgcolor=#DB7093|
| style="text-align:left;" |[[National People's Party (India)|National People's Party]]
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| 3
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
|rowspan=7|
|rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;"| Others
| {{party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
| 7,88,024
| 2.1
| {{decrease}}1.11
| {{decrease}}2.21
| 243
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Shiv Sena}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Shiv Sena]]
| 2,11,131
| 0.6
| {{increase}}0.21
| {{decrease}}1.84
| 150
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
| style="text-align:left;" |Sarvajan Kalyan Loktantrik Party
| 1,08,851
| 0.3
| {{n/a}}
| 0.91
| 90
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
| 1,03,940
| 0.3
| {{decrease}}0.31
| {{decrease}}2.02
| {{n/a}}
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Garib Janata Dal (Secular)]]
| 92,279
| 0.2
| {{n/a}}
| 0.66
| {{n/a}}
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]]
| 80,248
| 0.2
| {{n/a}}
| 8.04
| 6
| 0
| {{steady}}
| 0
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent (politician)}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Independent politician|Independents]]
| 35,80,953
| 9.4
| {{increase}}3.82
| {{decrease}}9.57
| 1150
| 4
| {{decrease}}2
| 1.64
|-
|Colspan=1|
|
| {{party color cell|None of the Above}}
| style="text-align:left;colspan = 4|[[None of the above|NOTA]]
| 9,47,276
| 2.5
| {{n/a}}
| 2.49
| 243
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
|-
|- class="unsortable" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"
! colspan = 3|Total
! 3,76,73,594
! style="text-align:center;" |100.00
! colspan = 1|
!
! style="text-align:center;" |243
!
!
!
!
|-
! colspan="12" |
|-
| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |Valid votes
| 3,76,73,594
| 99.94
| colspan="7" rowspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |
|-
| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |Invalid votes
|23,384
|0.06
|-
| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |'''Votes cast / turnout'''
|'''3,76,73,594'''
|'''56.91'''
|-
| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |Abstentions
| 2,85,46,215
|43.09
|-
| style="text-align:right;" colspan="3" |'''Registered voters'''
| '''6,62,43,193'''
|colspan="1" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|
|-
|}<section end="Results" />

===Results by district===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! District
! Seats
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''MGB'''
| bgcolor="{{Party color|National Democratic Alliance}}" |'''NDA'''
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Others}}" |'''OTH'''
|-
! [[Araria district|Araria]]
! 6
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 2
| 0
|-

! [[Arwal district|Arwal]]
! 2
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''2'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Aurangabad district, Bihar|Aurangabad]]
! 6
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''5'''
| 1
| 0
|-

! [[Banka district|Banka]]
! 5
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 1
| 0
|-

! [[Begusarai district|Begusarai]]
! 7
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''7'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Bhagalpur district|Bhagalpur]]
! 7
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''7'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Bhojpur district, India|Bhojpur]]
! 7
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''6'''
| 0
| 1
|-

! [[Buxar district|Buxar]]
! 4
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Darbhanga district|Darbhanga]]
! 10
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''8'''
| 2
| 0
|-

! [[East Champaran district|East Champaran]]
! 12
| 4
| bgcolor="{{Party color|National Democratic Alliance}}" |'''8'''
| 0
|-

! [[Gaya district|Gaya]]
! 10
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''7'''
| 3
| 0
|-

! [[Gopalganj district, India|Gopalganj]]
! 6
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 2
| 0
|-

! [[Jamui district|Jamui]]
! 4
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''3'''
| 1
| 0
|-

! [[Jehanabad district|Jehanabad]]
! 3
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''3'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Kaimur district|Kaimur]]
! 4
| 0
| bgcolor="{{Party color|National Democratic Alliance}}" |'''4'''
| 0
|-

! [[Katihar district|Katihar]]
! 7
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 2
| 1
|-

! [[Khagaria district|Khagaria]]
! 4
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Kishanganj district|Kishanganj]]
! 4
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Lakhisarai district|Lakhisarai]]
! 2
| 1
| 1
| 0
|-

! [[Madhepura district|Madhepura]]
! 4
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Madhubani district|Madhubani]]
! 10
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''8'''
| 2
| 0
|-

! [[Munger district|Munger]]
! 3
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''3'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Muzaffarpur district|Muzaffarpur]]
! 11
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''6'''
| 3
| 2
|-

! [[Nalanda district|Nalanda]]
! 7
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''6'''
| 1
| 0
|-

! [[Nawada district|Nawada]]
! 5
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''3'''
| 2
| 0
|-

! [[Patna district|Patna]]
! 14
| 6
| bgcolor="{{Party color|National Democratic Alliance}}" |'''7'''
| 1
|-

! [[Purnia district|Purnia]]
! 7
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''5'''
| 2
| 0
|-

! [[Rohtas district|Rohtas]]
! 7
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''6'''
| 1
| 0
|-

! [[Saharsa district|Saharsa]]
! 4
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Samastipur district|Samastipur]]
! 10
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''10'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Saran district|Saran]]
! 10
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''8'''
| 2
| 0
|-

! [[Sheikhpura district|Sheikhpura]]
! 2
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''2'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Sheohar district|Sheohar]]
! 1
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''1'''
| 0
| 0
|-

! [[Sitamarhi district|Sitamarhi]]
! 8
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''6'''
| 2
| 0
|-

! [[Siwan district|Siwan]]
! 8
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''6'''
| 1
| 1
|-

! [[Supaul district|Supaul]]
! 5
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''4'''
| 1
| 0
|-

! [[Vaishali district|Vaishali]]
! 8
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}" |'''6'''
| 2
| 0
|-

! [[West Champaran district|West Champaran]]
! 9
| 3
| bgcolor="{{Party color|National Democratic Alliance}}" |'''5'''
| 1
|-
! Total
! 243
! 178
! 58
! 7
|}
Note: "Others" include 4 Independent candidates and 3 CPI(ML)(L) candidates who won their respective seats.

=== Results by constituency ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Results
! colspan="2" |Assembly constituency
! colspan="4" |Winner<ref name="Bihar Assembly Elections 2015 Results: Full list of 243 candidates, constituencies and parties">{{cite news |date=9 November 2015 |title=Bihar Assembly Elections 2015 Results: Full list of 243 candidates, constituencies and parties |url=https://www.oneindia.com/india/bihar-assembly-elections-2015-results-full-list-of-243-winners-constituencies-parties-1923138.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230826123353/https://www.oneindia.com/india/bihar-assembly-elections-2015-results-full-list-of-243-winners-constituencies-parties-1923138.html |archivedate=26 August 2023 |accessdate=26 August 2023}}</ref>
! colspan="4" |Runner up
! rowspan="2" |Margin
|-
! #
! Name
! Candidate
! colspan="2" | Party
! Votes
! Candidate
! colspan="2" | Party
! Votes
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[West Champaran district|'''West Champaran District''']]
|-
| 1
|[[Valmiki Nagar Assembly constituency|Valmiki Nagar]]
|[[Dhirendra Pratap Singh]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD|
|[[Independent politician|Ind]]
|66,860
|Irshad Hussain
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|33,280
|33,580
|-
|2
|[[Ramnagar, Bihar Assembly constituency|Ramnagar]]
|[[Bhagirathi Devi]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|82,166
|[[Purnmasi Ram]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|64,178
|17,988
|-
|3
|[[Narkatiaganj Assembly constituency|Narkatiaganj]]
|Vinay Verma
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|57,212
|Renu Devi
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|41,151
|16,061
|-
|4
|[[Bagaha Assembly constituency|Bagaha]]
|[[Raghaw Sharan Pandey]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|74,476
|Bhishm Sahani
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|66,293
|8,183
|-
|5
|[[Lauriya Assembly constituency|Lauriya]]
|[[Vinay Bihari]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|57,351
|Ran Kaushal Pratap Singh
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|39,778
|17,573
|-
|6
|[[Nautan Assembly constituency|Nautan]]
|[[Narayan Prasad]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|66,697
|[[Baidyanath Prasad Mahto]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|52,362
|14,335
|-
|7
|[[Chanpatia Assembly constituency|Chanpatia]]
|[[Prakash Rai (politician)|Prakash Rai]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|61,304
|N. N. Sahi
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|60,840
|464
|-
|8
|[[Bettiah Assembly constituency|Bettiah]]
|[[Madan Mohan Tiwari]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|66,786
|[[Renu Devi]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|64,466
|2,320
|-
|9
|[[Sikta Assembly constituency|Sikta]]
|[[Khurshid Urf Firoj Ahmad|Khurshid (Feroz Ahmad)]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|69,870
|[[Dilip Varma]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|67,035
|2,835
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[East Champaran district|'''East Champaran District''']]
|-
|10
|[[Raxaul Assembly constituency|Raxaul]]
|[[Ajay Kumar Singh (Bihar politician, Bharatiya Janata Party)|Ajay Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|64,731
|Suresh Kumar
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|61,562
|3,169
|-
|11
|[[Sugauli Assembly constituency|Sugauli]]
|[[Ramchandra Sahani]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|62,384
|Om Prakash Choudhary
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|54,628
|7,756
|-
|12
|[[Narkatiya Assembly constituency|Narkatiya]]
|[[Shamim Ahmad]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|75,118
|Sant Singh Kushwaha
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|55,136
|19,982
|-
|13
|[[Harsidhi Assembly constituency|Harsidhi]]
|Rajendra Kumar
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|75,203
|[[Krishnanandan Paswan]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|64,936
|10,267
|-
|14
|[[Govindganj Assembly constituency|Govindganj]]
|[[Raju Tiwari]]
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|74,685
|Brajesh Kumar
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|46,765
|27,920
|-
|15
|[[Kesaria Assembly constituency|Kesaria]]
|[[Rajesh Kushwaha|Rajesh Kumar]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|62,902
|Rajendra Prasad Gupta
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|46,955
|15,947
|-
|16
|[[Kalyanpur, Purvi Champaran Assembly constituency|Kalyanpur]]
|[[Sachindra Prasad Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|50,060
|Razia Khatoon
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|38,572
|11,488
|-
|17
|[[Pipra, Purvi Champaran Assembly constituency|Pipra]]
|[[Shyambabu Prasad Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|65,552
|Krishan Chandra
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|61,622
|3,930
|-
|18
|[[Madhuban, Bihar Assembly constituency|Madhuban]]
|[[Rana Randhir|Rana Randhir Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|61,054
|Shivajee Rai
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|44,832
|16,222
|-
|19
|[[Motihari Assembly constituency|Motihari]]
|[[Pramod Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|79,947
|Binod Kumar Shrivastava
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|61,430
|18,517
|-
|20
|[[Chiraia Assembly constituency|Chiraia]]
|[[Lal Babu Prasad Gupta]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|62,831
|Laxmi Narayan Prasad Yadav
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|58,457
|4,374
|-
|21
|[[Dhaka Assembly constituency|Dhaka]]
|[[Faisal Rahman]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|87,458
|Pawan Kumar Jaiswal
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|68,261
|19,197
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Sheohar district|'''Sheohar District''']]
|-
|22
|[[Sheohar Assembly constituency|Sheohar]]
|[[Sharfuddin (politician)|Sharfuddin]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|44,576
|[[Lovely Anand]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|44,115
|461
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Sitamarhi district|'''Sitamarhi District''']]
|-
|23
|[[Riga Assembly constituency|Riga]]
|Amit Kumar Tuna
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|79,217
|[[Moti Lal Prasad]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,361
|22,856
|-
|24
|[[Bathnaha Assembly constituency|Bathnaha]]
|[[Dinkar Ram]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|74,763
|Surendra Ram
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|54,597
|20,166
|-
|25
|[[Parihar Assembly constituency|Parihar]]
|[[Gayatri Devi (Bihar politician)|Gayatri Devi]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|66,388
|[[Ram Chandra Purve]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|62,371
|4,017
|-
|26
|[[Sursand Assembly constituency|Sursand]]
|[[Syed Abu Dojana]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|52,857
|Amit Kumar
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD|
|[[Independent politician|Ind]]
|29,623
|23,234
|-
|27
|[[Bajpatti Assembly constituency|Bajpatti]]
|[[Ranju Geeta]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|67,194
|Rekha Kumari
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|50,248
|16,946
|-
|28
|[[Sitamarhi Assembly constituency|Sitamarhi]]
|[[Sunil Kushwaha|Sunil Kumar]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|81,557
|[[Sunil Kumar Pintu]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|66,835
|14,722
|-
|29
|[[Runnisaidpur Assembly constituency|Runnisaidpur]]
|[[Mangita Devi]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|55,699
|[[Pankaj Kumar Mishra]]
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|41,589
|14,110
|-
|30
|[[Belsand Assembly constituency|Belsand]]
|[[Sunita Singh Chauhan]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|33,785
|Md. Nasir Ahamad
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|28,210
|5,575
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Madhubani district|'''Madhubani District''']]
|-
|31
|[[Harlakhi Assembly constituency|Harlakhi]]
|[[Basant Kushwaha|Basant Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|40,468
|Mohammad Shabbir
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|36,576
|3,892
|-
|32
|[[Benipatti Assembly constituency|Benipatti]]
|[[Bhawana Jha]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|55,978
|[[Vinod Narayan Jha]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|51,244
|4,734
|-
|33
|[[Khajauli Assembly constituency|Khajauli]]
|[[Sitaram Yadav (politician, born 1952)|Sitaram Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|71,534
|[[Arun Shankar Prasad]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|60,831
|10,703
|-
|34
|[[Babubarhi Assembly constituency|Babubarhi]]
|[[Kapil Deo Kamat]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|61,486
|Binod Kumar Singh
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|41,219
|20,267
|-
|35
|[[Bisfi Assembly constituency|Bisfi]]
|[[Faiyaz Ahmad]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|70,975
|Manoj Kumar Yadav
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|35,650
|35,325
|-
|36
|[[Madhubani Assembly constituency|Madhubani]]
|Samir Kumar Mahaseth
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|76,823
|Ramdeo Mahto
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|69,516
|7,307
|-
|37
|[[Rajnagar, Bihar Assembly constituency|Rajnagar]]
|[[Ram Prit Paswan (Indian politician)|Ram Prit Paswan]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|71,614
|Ramawatar Paswan
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|65,372
|6,242
|-
|38
|[[Jhanjharpur Assembly constituency|Jhanjharpur]]
|[[Gulab Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|64,320
|[[Nitish Mishra]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|63,486
|834
|-
|39
|[[Phulparas Assembly constituency|Phulparas]]
|[[Guljar Devi Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|64,368
|Ram Sundar Yadav
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|50,953
|13,415
|-
|40
|[[Laukaha Assembly constituency|Laukaha]]
|Lakshmeshwar Roy
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|79,971
|Pramod Kumar Priyedarshi
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,138
|23,833
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Supaul district|'''Supaul District''']]
|-
|41
|[[Nirmali Assembly constituency|Nirmali]]
|[[Aniruddha Prasad Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|79,600
|Ram Kumar Roy
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|55,649
|23,951
|-
|42
|[[Pipra, Supaul Assembly constituency|Pipra]]
|Yaduvansh Kumar Yadav
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|85,944
|[[Vishwa Mohan Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|49,575
|36,369
|-
|43
|[[Supaul Assembly constituency|Supaul]]
|[[Bijendra Prasad Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|82,295
|Kishor Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|44,898
|37,397
|-
|44
|[[Triveniganj Assembly constituency|Triveniganj]]
|[[Veena Bharti]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|89,869
|Anant Kumar Bharti
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|37,469
|52,400
|-
|45
|[[Chhatapur Assembly constituency|Chhatapur]]
|[[Neeraj Kumar Singh Bablu|Neeraj Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|75,697
|Jahur Alam
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|66,405
|9,292
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Araria district|'''Araria District''']]
|-
|46
|[[Narpatganj Assembly constituency|Narpatganj]]
|[[Anil Kumar Yadav (politician, born 1960)|Anil Kumar Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|90,250
|Janardan Yadav
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|64,299
|25,951
|-
|47
|[[Raniganj (Bihar Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raniganj]]
|[[Achmit Rishidev]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|77,717
|[[Ramjidas Rishidev]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|62,787
|14,930
|-
|48
|[[Forbesganj Assembly constituency|Forbesganj]]
|[[Vidya Sagar Keshri]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|85,929
|Krityanand Biswas
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|60,691
|25,238
|-
|49
|[[Araria Assembly constituency|Araria]]
|[[Avidur Rahman]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|92,667
|Ajay Kumar Jha
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|52,623
|40,044
|-
|50
|[[Jokihat Assembly constituency|Jokihat]]
|[[Sarfaraz Alam]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|92,890
|Ranjeet Yadav
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD|
|[[Independent politician|Ind]]
|38,910
|53,980
|-
|51
|[[Sikti Assembly constituency|Sikti]]
|[[Vijay Kumar Mandal]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|76,995
|Shatrughan Prasad Suman
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|68,889
|8,106
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Kishanganj district|'''Kishanganj District''']]
|-
|52
|[[Bahadurganj Assembly constituency|Bahadurganj]]
|[[Md. Tauseef Alam]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|53,533
|Awadh Bihari Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|39,591
|13,942
|-
|53
|[[Thakurganj Assembly constituency|Thakurganj]]
|[[Naushad Alam]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|74,239
|Gopal Kumar Agrawal
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|66,152
|8,087
|-
|54
|[[Kishanganj, Bihar Assembly constituency|Kishanganj]]
|[[Mohammad Jawed]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|66,522
|Sweety Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|57,913
|8,609
|-
|55
|[[Kochadhaman Assembly constituency|Kochadhaman]]
|[[Mujahid Alam]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|55,929
|[[Akhtarul Iman]]
| bgcolor=#009F3C|
| [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen|AIMIM]]
|37,086
|18,843
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Purnia district|'''Purnia District''']]
|-
|56
|[[Amour Assembly constituency|Amour]]
|[[Abdul Zalil Mastan]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|100,135
|[[Saba Zafar]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|48,138
|51,997
|-
|57
|[[Baisi Assembly constituency|Baisi]]
|Abdus Subhan
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|67,022
|Vinod Kumar
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD|
|[[Independent politician|Ind]]
|28,282
|38,740
|-
|58
|[[Kasba, Bihar Assembly constituency|Kasba]]
|[[Md Afaque Alam]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|81,633
|Pradip Kumar Das
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|79,839
|1,794
|-
|59
|[[Banmankhi Assembly constituency|Banmankhi]]
|[[Krishna Kumar Rishi]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|59,053
|Sanjiv Kumar Paswan
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|58,345
|708
|-
|60
|[[Rupauli Assembly constituency|Rupauli]]
|[[Bima Bharti]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|50,945
|Prem Prakash Mandal
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|41,273
|9,672
|-
|61
|[[Dhamdaha Assembly constituency|Dhamdaha]]
|[[Leshi Singh]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|75,400
|Shiv Shankar Thakur
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|45,583
|29,817
|-
|62
|[[Purnia Assembly constituency|Purnia]]
|[[Vijay Kumar Khemka]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|92,020
|Indu Sinha
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|59,205
|32,815
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Katihar district|'''Katihar District''']]
|-
|63
|[[Katihar Assembly constituency|Katihar]]
|[[Tarkishore Prasad]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|66,048
|Bijay Singh
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|51,154
|14,894
|-
|64
|[[Kadwa Assembly constituency|Kadwa]]
|[[Shakeel Ahmad Khan]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|56,141
|Chander Bhushan Thakur
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|50,342
|5,799
|-
|65
|[[Balrampur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Balrampur]]
|[[Mahbub Alam (politician)|Mahbub Alam]]
| bgcolor=#FF0000|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|CPI(ML)L]]
|62,513
|Barun Kumar Jha
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|42,094
|20,419
|-
|66
|[[Pranpur Assembly constituency|Pranpur]]
|[[Binod Singh Kushwaha|Binod Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|47,924
|Israt Parween
|Bgcolor=#00B2B2|
|[[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]]
|39,823
|8,101
|-
|67
|[[Manihari Assembly constituency|Manihari]]
|Manohar Prasad Singh
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|61,704
|Anil Kumar Oraon
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|48,024
|13,680
|-
|68
|[[Barari Assembly constituency|Barari]]
|[[Neeraj Kumar (politician)|Neeraj Kumar]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|71,175
|Bibhash Chandra Choudhary
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,839
|14,336
|-
|69
|[[Korha Assembly constituency|Korha]]
|[[Punam Paswan]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|78,409
|Mahesh Paswan
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|72,983
|5,426
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Madhepura district|'''Madhepura District''']]
|-
|70
|[[Alamnagar Assembly constituency|Alamnagar]]
|[[Narendra Narayan Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|87,962
|Chandan Singh
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|44,086
|43,876
|-
|71
|[[Bihariganj Assembly constituency|Bihariganj]]
|[[Niranjan Kumar Mehta]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|78,361
|Ravindra Charan Yadav
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|49,108
|29,253
|-
|72
|[[Singheshwar Assembly constituency|Singheshwar]]
|[[Ramesh Rishidev]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|83,073
|Manju Devi
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|32,873
|50,200
|-
|73
|[[Madhepura Assembly constituency|Madhepura]]
|Chandra Shekhar
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|90,974
|Vijay Kumar Bimal
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|53,332
|37,642
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Saharsa district|'''Saharsa District''']]
|-
|74
|[[Sonbarsha Assembly constituency|Sonbarsha]]
|[[Ratnesh Sada]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|88,789
|Sarita Devi
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|35,026
|53,763
|-
|75
|[[Saharsa Assembly constituency|Saharsa]]
|Arun Kumar
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|102,850
|[[Alok Ranjan Jha]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|63,644
|39,206
|-
|76
|[[Simri Bakhtiarpur Assembly constituency|Simri Bakhtiarpur]]
|[[Dinesh Chandra Yadav (Indian politician)|Dinesh Chandra Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|78,514
|[[Yusuf Salahuddin]]
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|40,708
|37,806
|-
|77
|[[Mahishi Assembly constituency|Mahishi]]
|[[Abdul Ghafoor (Saharsa politician)|Abdul Ghafoor]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|56,436
|Chandan Kumar Sah
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|30,301
|26,135
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Darbhanga district|'''Darbhanga District''']]
|-
|78
|[[Kusheshwar Asthan Assembly constituency|Kusheshwar Asthan]]
|[[Shashi Bhushan Hazari]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|50,062
|Dhananjay Kumar Paswan
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|30,212
|19,850
|-
|79
|[[Gaura Bauram Assembly constituency|Gaura Bauram]]
|[[Madan Sahni]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|51,403
|Vinod Sahni
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|37,341
|14,062
|-
|80
|[[Benipur Assembly constituency|Benipur]]
|Sunil Choudhary
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|69,511
|[[Gopal Jee Thakur]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|43,068
|26,443
|-
|81
|[[Alinagar Assembly constituency|Alinagar]]
|[[Abdul Bari Siddiqui]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|67,461
|[[Mishri Lal Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|54,001
|13,460
|-
|82
|[[Darbhanga Rural Assembly constituency|Darbhanga Rural]]
|[[Lalit Kumar Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|70,557
|Naushad Ahmad
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|36,066
|34,491
|-
|83
|[[Darbhanga Assembly constituency|Darbhanga]]
|[[Sanjay Saraogi]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|77,776
|Om Prakash Kheria
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|70,316
|7,460
|-
|84
|[[Hayaghat Assembly constituency|Hayaghat]]
|[[Amarnath Gami]]
| bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|65,677
|Ramesh Choudhary
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|32,446
|33,231
|-
|85
|[[Bahadurpur Assembly constituency|Bahadurpur]]
|[[Bhola Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|71,547
|[[Hari Sahni]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|54,558
|16,989
|-
|86
|[[Keoti Assembly constituency|Keoti]]
|[[Faraz Fatmi]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|68,601
|[[Ashok Kumar Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|60,771
|7,830
|-
|87
|[[Jale Assembly constituency|Jale]]
|Jibesh Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|62,059
|Rishi Mishra
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|57,439
|4,620
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Muzaffarpur district|'''Muzaffarpur District''']]
|-
|88
|[[Gaighat Assembly constituency|Gaighat]]
|Maheshwar Prasad Yadav
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|67,313
|[[Veena Devi]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|63,812
|3,501
|-
|89
|[[Aurai, Bihar Assembly constituency|Aurai]]
|Surendra Kumar
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|66,958
|[[Ram Surat Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,133
|10,825
|-
|90
|[[Minapur Assembly constituency|Minapur]]
|[[Munna Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|80,790
|Ajay Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,850
|23,940
|-
|91
|[[Bochahan Assembly constituency|Bochahan]]
|[[Baby Kumari]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD|
|[[Independent politician|Ind]]
|67,720
|[[Ramai Ram]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|43,590
|24,130
|-
|92
|[[Sakra Assembly constituency|Sakra]]
|Lal Babu Ram
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|75,010
|Arjun Ram
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|61,998
|13,012
|-
|93
|[[Kurhani Assembly constituency|Kurhani]]
|Kedar Prasad Gupta
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|73,227
|Manoj Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|61,657
|11,570
|-
|94
|[[Muzaffarpur Assembly constituency|Muzaffarpur]]
|Suresh Kumar Sharma
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|95,594
|Bijendra Chaudhary
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|65,855
|29,739
|-
|95
|[[Kanti Assembly constituency|Kanti]]
|[[Ashok Kumar Choudhary]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD|
|[[Independent politician|Ind]]
|58,111
|Ajit Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|48,836
|9,275
|-
|96
|[[Baruraj Assembly constituency|Baruraj]]
|Nand Kumar Rai
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|68,011
|[[Arun Kumar Singh (Bihar politician)|Arun Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|63,102
|4,909
|-
|97
|[[Paroo Assembly constituency|Paroo]]
|[[Ashok Kumar Singh (Paroo)|Ashok Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|80,445
|Shankar Prasad
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|66,906
|13,539
|-
|98
|[[Sahebganj Assembly constituency|Sahebganj]]
|[[Ram Vichar Ray]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|70,583
|[[Raju Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|59,923
|10,660
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Gopalganj district, India|'''Gopalganj District''']]
|-
|99
|[[Baikunthpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Baikunthpur]]
|[[Mithlesh Tiwari]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,162
|[[Manjeet Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|42,047
|14,115
|-
|100
|[[Barauli, Bihar Assembly constituency|Barauli]]
|[[Md. Nematullah]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|61,690
|[[Rampravesh Rai]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|61,186
|504
|-
|101
|[[Gopalganj Assembly constituency|Gopalganj]]
|[[Subhash Singh (Bihar politician)|Subhash Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|78,491
|[[Reyazul Haque Raju]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|73,417
|5,074
|-
|102
|[[Kuchaikote Assembly constituency|Kuchaikote]]
|[[Amrendra Kumar Pandey]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|72,224
|[[Kali Prasad Pandey]]
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|68,662
|3,562
|-
|103
|[[Bhore Assembly constituency|Bhore]]
|Anil Kumar
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|74,365
|Indradev Manjhi
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|59,494
|14,871
|-
|104
|[[Hathua Assembly constituency|Hathua]]
|[[Ramsewak Singh Kushwaha|Ramsewak Singh]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|57,917
|Mahachandra Prasad Singh
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|34,933
|22,984
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Siwan district|'''Siwan District''']]
|-
|105
|[[Siwan Assembly constituency|Siwan]]
|[[Vyas Deo Prasad]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|55,156
|Bablu Prasad
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|51,622
|3,534
|-
|106
|[[Ziradei Assembly constituency|Ziradei]]
|[[Ramesh Singh Kushwaha]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|40,760
|Asha Devi
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|34,669
|6,091
|-
|107
|[[Darauli Assembly constituency|Darauli]]
|[[Satyadeo Ram]]
| bgcolor=#FF0000|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|CPI(ML)L]]
|49,576
|Ramayan Manjhi
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|39,992
|9,584
|-
|108
|[[Raghunathpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Raghunathpur]]
|[[Hari Shankar Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|61,042
|[[Manoj Kumar Singh (Indian politician)|Manoj Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|50,420
|10,622
|-
|109
|[[Daraunda Assembly constituency|Daraunda]]
|[[Kavita Singh (politician)|Kavita Singh]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|66,255
|Jitendra Swami
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|53,033
|13,222
|-
|110
|[[Barharia Assembly constituency|Barharia]]
|[[Shyam Bahadur Singh]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|65,168
|Bachha Panday
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|50,585
|14,583
|-
|111
|[[Goriakothi Assembly constituency|Goriakothi]]
|[[Satyadeo Prasad Singh]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|70,965
|[[Devesh Kant Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|63,314
|7,651
|-
|112
|[[Maharajganj, Bihar Assembly constituency|Maharajganj]]
|Hem Narayan Sah
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|68,459
|Kumar Deo Ranjan Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|48,167
|20,292
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Saran district|'''Saran District''']]
|-
|113
|[[Ekma Assembly constituency|Ekma]]
|Manoranjan Singh
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|49,508
|Kameshwar Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|41,382
|8,126
|-
|114
|[[Manjhi Assembly constituency|Manjhi]]
|[[Vijay Shanker Dubey]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|29,558
|Keshav Singh
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|20,692
|8,866
|-
|115
|[[Baniapur Assembly constituency|Baniapur]]
|[[Kedar Nath Singh (Bihar politician)|Kedar Nath Singh]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|69,851
|Tarkeshwar Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|53,900
|15,951
|-
|116
|[[Taraiya Assembly constituency|Taraiya]]
|[[Mudrika Prasad Rai]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|69,012
|[[Janak Singh (politician)|Janak Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|48,572
|20,440
|-
|117
|[[Marhaura Assembly constituency|Marhaura]]
|[[Jitendra Kumar Ray]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|66,714
|[[Lal Babu Rai]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|49,996
|16,718
|-
|118
|[[Chapra, Saran Assembly constituency|Chapra]]
|[[C. N. Gupta]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|71,646
|Randhir Kumar Singh
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|60,267
|11,379
|-
|119
|[[Garkha Assembly constituency|Garkha]]
|Muneshwar Chaudhary
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|89,249
|Gyanchand Manjhi
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|49,366
|39,883
|-
|120
|[[Amnour Assembly constituency|Amnour]]
|[[Shatrudhan Tiwari]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|39,134
|[[Krishna Kumar Mantoo]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|33,883
|5,251
|-
|121
|[[Parsa Assembly constituency|Parsa]]
|[[Chandrika Roy|Chandrika Rai]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|77,211
|Chhotelal Rai
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|34,876
|42,335
|-
|122
|[[Sonpur Assembly constituency|Sonpur]]
|[[Ramanuj Prasad Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|86,082
|Vinay Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|49,686
|36,396
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Vaishali district|'''Vaishali District''']]
|-
|123
|[[Hajipur Assembly constituency|Hajipur]]
|[[Awadhesh Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|86,773
|Jagannath Prasad Rai
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|74,578
|12,195
|-
|124
|[[Lalganj, Bihar Assembly constituency|Lalganj]]
|[[Rajkumar Sah|Raj Kumar Sah]]
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|80,842
|[[Vijay Kumar Shukla]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|60,549
|20,293
|-
|125
|[[Vaishali Assembly constituency|Vaishali]]
|Raj Kishore Singh
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|79,286
|[[Brishin Patel]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|48,225
|31,061
|-
|126
|[[Mahua Assembly constituency|Mahua]]
|[[Tej Pratap Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|66,927
|Ravindra Ray
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|38,772
|28,155
|-
|127
|[[Raja Pakar Assembly constituency|Raja Pakar]]
|Shivchandra Ram
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|61,251
|Ram Nath Raman
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|46,096
|15,155
|-
|128
|[[Raghopur Assembly constituency|Raghopur]]
|[[Tejashwi Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|91,236
|Satish Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|68,503
|22,733
|-
|129
|[[Mahnar Assembly constituency|Mahnar]]
|[[Umesh Kushwaha|Umesh Singh Kushwaha]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|69,825
|Achuta Nand
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|43,370
|26,455
|-
|130
|[[Patepur Assembly constituency|Patepur]]
|[[Prema Chaudhary]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|67,548
|[[Mahendra Baitha]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|55,087
|12,461
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Samastipur district|'''Samastipur District''']]
|-
|131
|[[Kalyanpur, Samastipur Assembly constituency|Kalyanpur]]
|[[Maheshwar Hazari]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|84,904
|[[Prince Raj]]
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|47,218
|37,686
|-
|132
|[[Warisnagar Assembly constituency|Warisnagar]]
|[[Ashok Kumar (Warisnagar politician)|Ashok Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|92,687
|Chandrashekhar Rai
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|34,114
|58,573
|-
|133
|[[Samastipur Assembly constituency|Samastipur]]
|[[Akhtarul Islam Sahin]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|82,508
|[[Renu Kushawaha]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|51,428
|31,080
|-
|134
|[[Ujiarpur Assembly constituency|Ujiarpur]]
|[[Alok Kumar Mehta]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|85,466
|Kumar Anant
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|38,006
|47,460
|-
|135
|[[Morwa Assembly constituency|Morwa]]
|Vidya Sagar Singh Nishad
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|59,206
|Suresh Ray
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|40,390
|18,816
|-
|136
|[[Sarairanjan Assembly constituency|Sarairanjan]]
|[[Vijay Kumar Chaudhary]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|81,055
|Ranjeet Nirguni
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|47,011
|34,044
|-
|137
|[[Mohiuddinnagar Assembly constituency|Mohiuddinnagar]]
|[[Ejya Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|47,137
|Rajesh Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD|
|[[Independent politician|Ind]]
|23,706
|23,431
|-
|138
|[[Bibhutipur Assembly constituency|Bibhutipur]]
|[[Ram Balak Singh Kushwaha|Ram Balak Singh]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|57,882
|[[Ramdeo Verma]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
|40,647
|17,235
|-
|139
|[[Rosera Assembly constituency|Rosera]]
|[[Ashok Kumar (Rosera politician)|Ashok Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|85,506
|Manju Hazari
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|51,145
|34,361
|-
|140
|[[Hasanpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Hasanpur]]
|[[Raj Kumar Ray]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|63,094
|Vinod Choudhary
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|33,494
|29,600
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Begusarai district|'''Begusarai District''']]
|-
|141
|[[Cheria-Bariarpur Assembly constituency|Cheria-Bariarpur]]
|[[Manju Verma]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|69,795
|Anil Kumar Chaudhary
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|40,059
|29,736
|-
|142
|[[Bachhwara Assembly constituency|Bachhwara]]
|[[Ramdeo Rai]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|73,983
|Arvind Kumar Singh
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|37,052
|36,931
|-
|143
|[[Teghra Assembly constituency|Teghra]]
|Birendra Kumar
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|68,975
|Ram Lakhan Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|53,364
|15,611
|-
|144
|[[Matihani Assembly constituency|Matihani]]
|Narendra Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|89,297
|Sarvesh Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|66,609
|22,688
|-
|145
|[[Sahebpur Kamal Assembly constituency|Sahebpur Kamal]]
|[[Shreenarayan Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|78,225
|M.d. Aslam
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|32,751
|45,474
|-
|146
|[[Begusarai Assembly constituency|Begusarai]]
|[[Amita Bhushan]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|83,521
|[[Surendra Mehata]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|66,990
|16,531
|-
|147
|[[Bakhri Assembly constituency|Bakhri]]
|[[Upendra Paswan]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|72,632
|Ramanand Ram
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|32,376
|40,256
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Khagaria district|'''Khagaria District''']]
|-
|148
|[[Alauli Assembly constituency|Alauli]]
|Chandan Kumar
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|70,519
|[[Pashupati Kumar Paras]]
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|46,049
|24,470
|-
|149
|[[Khagaria Assembly constituency|Khagaria]]
|[[Poonam Devi Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|64,767
|Rajesh Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|39,202
|25,565
|-
|150
|[[Beldaur Assembly constituency|Beldaur]]
|Panna Lal Singh Patel
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|63,216
|Mithilesh Kumar Nishad
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|49,691
|13,525
|-
|151
|[[Parbatta Assembly constituency|Parbatta]]
|[[Ramanand Prasad Singh]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|76,248
|Ramanuj Choudhary
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|47,324
|28,924
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Bhagalpur district|'''Bhagalpur District''']]
|-
|152
|[[Bihpur Assembly constituency|Bihpur]]
|[[Varsha Rani]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|68,963
|Kumar Shailendra
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,247
|12,716
|-
|153
|[[Gopalpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Gopalpur]]
|[[Gopal Mandal|Narendra Kumar Niraj]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|57,403
|Anil Kumar Yadav
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|52,234
|5,169
|-
|154
|[[Pirpainti Assembly constituency|Pirpainti]]
|Ram Vilash Paswan
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|80,058
|Lalan Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|74,914
|5,144
|-
|155
|[[Kahalgaon Assembly constituency|Kahalgaon]]
|[[Sadanand Singh]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|64,981
|Niraj Kumar Mandal
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|43,752
|21,229
|-
|156
|[[Bhagalpur Assembly constituency|Bhagalpur]]
|[[Ajeet Sharma]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|70,514
|Arjit Shashwat Choubey
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|59,856
|10,658
|-
|157
|[[Sultanganj Assembly constituency|Sultanganj]]
|Subodh Roy
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|63,345
|Himanshu Prasad
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|49,312
|14,033
|-
|158
|[[Nathnagar Assembly constituency|Nathnagar]]
|[[Ajay Kumar Mandal]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|66,485
|Amar Nath Prasad
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|58,660
|7,825
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Banka district|'''Banka District''']]
|-
|159
|[[Amarpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Amarpur]]
|[[Janardan Manjhi]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|73,707
|Mrinal Shekhar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|61,934
|11,773
|-
|160
|[[Dhoraiya Assembly constituency|Dhoraiya]]
|[[Manish Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|68,858
|[[Bhudeo Choudhary]]
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|44,704
|24,154
|-
|161
|[[Banka Assembly constituency|Banka]]
|[[Ramnarayan Mandal]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|52,379
|Zafrul Hoda
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|48,649
|3,730
|-
|162
|[[Katoria Assembly constituency|Katoria]]
|[[Sweety Sima Hembram]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|54,760
|Nikki Hembram
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|44,423
|10,337
|-
|163
|[[Belhar Assembly constituency|Belhar]]
|[[Giridhari Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|70,348
|Manoj Yadav
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|54,157
|16,191
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Munger district|'''Munger District''']]
|-
|164
|[[Tarapur Assembly constituency|Tarapur]]
|[[Mewalal Chaudhary]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|66,411
|[[Shakuni Choudhury]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|54,464
|11,947
|-
|165
|[[Munger Assembly constituency|Munger]]
|Vijay Kumar 'Vijay'
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|77,216
|Pranav Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|72,851
|4,365
|-
|166
|[[Jamalpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Jamalpur]]
|[[Shailesh Kumar (politician)|Shailesh Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|67,273
|Himanshu Kunvar
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|51,797
|15,476
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Lakhisarai district|'''Lakhisarai District''']]
|-
|167
|[[Suryagarha Assembly constituency|Suryagarha]]
|[[Prahlad Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|82,490
|Prem Ranjan Patel
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|52,460
|30,030
|-
|168
|[[Lakhisarai Assembly constituency|Lakhisarai]]
|[[Vijay Kumar Sinha]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|75,901
|Ramanand Mandal
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|69,345
|6,556
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Sheikhpura district|'''Sheikhpura District''']]
|-
|169
|[[Sheikhpura Assembly constituency|Sheikhpura]]
|Randhir Kumar Soni
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|41,755
|Naresh Saw
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|28,654
|13,101
|-
|170
|[[Barbigha Assembly constituency|Barbigha]]
|Sudarshan Kumar
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|46,406
|Sheo Kumar
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|30,689
|15,717
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Nalanda district|'''Nalanda District''']]
|-
|171
|[[Asthawan Assembly constituency|Asthawan]]
|[[Jitendra Kumar (Bihar politician)|Jitendra Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|58,908
|Chhote Lal Yadav
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|48,464
|10,444
|-
|172
|[[Biharsharif Assembly constituency|Biharsharif]]
|[[Sunil Kumar (born 1957)|Sunil Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|76,201
|Mohammad Asghar Shamim
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|73,861
|2,340
|-
|173
|[[Rajgir, Bihar Assembly constituency|Rajgir]]
|Ravi Jyoti Kumar
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|62,009
|[[Satyadev Narayan Arya]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,619
|5,390
|-
|174
|[[Islampur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Islampur]]
|Chandrasen Prasad
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|66,587
|Birendra Gope
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|66,587
|22,602
|-
|175
|[[Hilsa Assembly constituency|Hilsa]]
|[[Shakti Singh Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|72,347
|Deepika Kumari
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|46,271
|26,076
|-
|176
|[[Nalanda Assembly constituency|Nalanda]]
|[[Shrawan Kumar (politician)|Shrawan Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|72,596
|Kaushlendra Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|69,600
|2,996
|-
|177
|[[Harnaut Assembly constituency|Harnaut]]
|Hari Narayan Singh
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|71,933
|Arun Kumar
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|57,638
|14,295
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Patna district|'''Patna District''']]
|-
|178
|[[Mokama Assembly constituency|Mokama]]
|[[Anant Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD|
|[[Independent politician|Ind]]
|54,005
|Neeraj Kumar
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|35,657
|18,348
|-
|179
|[[Barh Assembly constituency|Barh]]
|[[Gyanendra Kumar Singh Gyanu|Gyanendra Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|63,989
|Manoj Kumar
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|55,630
|8,359
|-
|180
|[[Bakhtiarpur Assembly constituency|Bakhtiarpur]]
|[[Ranvijay Singh Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|61,496
|[[Aniruddh Kumar Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|53,594
|7,902
|-
|181
|[[Digha Assembly constituency|Digha]]
|[[Sanjeev Chaurasiya]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|92,671
|Rajeev Ranjan Prasad
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|67,892
|24,779
|-
|182
|[[Bankipur Assembly constituency|Bankipur]]
|[[Nitin Nabin]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|86,759
|Kumar Ashish
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|46,992
|39,767
|-
|183
|[[Kumhrar Assembly constituency|Kumhrar]]
|[[Arun Kumar Sinha (politician)|Arun Kumar Sinha]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|87,792
|Aquil Haider
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|50,517
|37,275
|-
|184
|[[Patna Sahib Assembly constituency|Patna Sahib]]
|[[Nand Kishore Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|88,108
|Santosh Mehta
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|85,316
|2,792
|-
|185
|[[Fatuha Assembly constituency|Fatuha]]
|[[Rama Nand Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|77,210
|Satyendra Kumar Singh
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|46,808
|30,402
|-
|186
|[[Danapur Assembly constituency|Danapur]]
|[[Asha Devi Yadav|Asha Devi]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|72,192
|Raj Kishor Yadav
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|66,983
|5,209
|-
|187
|[[Maner Assembly constituency|Maner]]
|[[Bhai Virendra]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|89,773
|[[Srikant Nirala]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|66,945
|22,828
|-
|188
|[[Phulwari Assembly constituency|Phulwari]]
|[[Shyam Rajak]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|94,094
|Rajeshwar Manjhi
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|48,381
|45,713
|-
|189
|[[Masaurhi Assembly constituency|Masaurhi]]
|[[Rekha Devi]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|89,657
|Nutan Paswan
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|50,471
|39,186
|-
|190
|[[Paliganj Assembly constituency|Paliganj]]
|[[Jai Vardhan Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|65,932
|Ram Janm Sharma
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|41,479
|24,453
|-
|191
|[[Bikram Assembly constituency|Bikram]]
|Siddharth
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|94,088
|Anil Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|49,777
|44,311
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Bhojpur District, Bihar|'''Bhojpur District''']]
|-
|192
|[[Sandesh Assembly constituency|Sandesh]]
|[[Arun Kumar Yadav (Bhojpur politician)|Arun Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|74,306
|[[Sanjay Singh Tiger]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|48,879
|25,427
|-
|193
|[[Barhara Assembly constituency|Barhara]]
|[[Saroj Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|65,001
|Asha Devi
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|51,693
|13,308
|-
|194
|[[Arrah Assembly constituency|Arrah]]
|[[Mohammad Nawaz Alam]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|70,004
|[[Amrendra Pratap Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|69,338
|666
|-
|195
|[[Agiaon Assembly constituency|Agiaon]]
|Prabhunath Prasad
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|52,276
|[[Shivesh Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|37,572
|14,704
|-
|196
|[[Tarari Assembly constituency|Tarari]]
|[[Sudama Prasad]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|CPI(ML)L]]
|44,050
|Gita Pandey
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|43,778
|272
|-
|197
|[[Jagdishpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Jagdishpur]]
|[[Ram Vishun Singh]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|49,020
|Rakesh Raushan
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|38,825
|10,195
|-
|198
|[[Shahpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Shahpur]]
|[[Rahul Tiwari]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|69,315
|Visheshwar Ojha
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|54,745
|14,570
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Buxar district|'''Buxar District''']]
|-
|199
|[[Brahampur Assembly constituency|Brahampur]]
|[[Shambhu Nath Singh Yadav|Shambhu Nath Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|94,079
|[[Vivek Thakur]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|63,303
|30,776
|-
|200
|[[Buxar Assembly constituency|Buxar]]
|[[Sanjay Kumar Tiwari]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|66,527
|Pradeep Dubey
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,346
|10,181
|-
|201
|[[Dumraon Assembly constituency|Dumraon]]
|[[Dadan Pahalwan|Dadan Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|81,081
|Ram Bihari Singh
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|50,742
|30,339
|-
|202
|[[Rajpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Rajpur]]
|[[Santosh Kumar Nirala]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|84,184
|Bishawnath Ram
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|51,396
|32,788
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Kaimur district|'''Kaimur District''']]
|-
|203
|[[Ramgarh, Bihar Assembly constituency|Ramgarh]]
|Ashok Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|57,501
|[[Ambika Singh Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|49,490
|8,011
|-
|204
|[[Mohania Assembly constituency|Mohania]]
|Niranjan Ram
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|60,911
|Sanjay Kumar
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|53,330
|7,581
|-
| 205
| [[Bhabua Assembly constituency|Bhabua]]
|[[Anand Bhushan Pandey]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|50,768
|Pramod Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|43,024
|7,744
|-
|206
|[[Chainpur Assembly constituency|Chainpur]]
|[[Brij Kishor Bind]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|58,913
|Mohammad Zama Khan
|bgcolor=#22409A|
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|58,242
|671
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Rohtas district|'''Rohtas District''']]
|-
|207
|[[Chenari Assembly constituency|Chenari]]
|[[Lalan Paswan]]
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|68,148
|Mangal Ram
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|58,367
|9,781
|-
|208
|[[Sasaram Assembly constituency|Sasaram]]
|[[Ashok Kushwaha|Ashok Kumar]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|82,766
|Jawahar Prasad
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|63,154
|19,612
|-
|209
|[[Kargahar Assembly constituency|Kargahar]]
|Bashisht Singh
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|57,018
|Birendra Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|44,111
|12,907
|-
|210
|[[Dinara Assembly constituency|Dinara]]
|[[Jai Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|64,699
|Rajendra Prasad Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|62,008
|2,691
|-
|211
|[[Nokha, Bihar Assembly constituency|Nokha]]
|[[Anita Devi (politician)|Anita Devi]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|72,780
|[[Rameshwar Chaurasiya]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|49,782
|22,998
|-
|212
|[[Dehri Assembly constituency|Dehri]]
|Mohammad Iliyas Hussain
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|49,402
|Jitendra Kumar
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|45,504
|3,898
|-
|213
|[[Karakat Assembly constituency|Karakat]]
|Sanjay Kumar Singh
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|59,720
|Rajeshwar Raj
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|47,601
|12,119
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Arwal district|'''Arwal District''']]
|-
|214
|[[Arwal Assembly constituency|Arwal]]
|[[Ravindra Singh Kushwaha|Ravindra Singh]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|55,295
|Chitranjan Kumar
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|37,485
|17,810
|-
|215
|[[Kurtha Assembly constituency|Kurtha]]
|[[Satyadev Kushwaha|Satyadeo Singh]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|43,676
|Ashok Kumar Verma
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|29,557
|14,119
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Jehanabad district|'''Jehanabad District''']]
|-
|216
|[[Jehanabad Assembly constituency|Jehanabad]]
|[[Mudrika Singh Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|76,458
|Praveen Kumar
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|46,137
|30,321
|-
|217
|[[Ghosi Assembly constituency|Ghosi]]
|[[Krishna Nandan Prasad Verma]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|67,248
|[[Rahul Kumar (politician)|Rahul Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|45,623
|21,625
|-
|218
|[[Makhdumpur Assembly constituency|Makhdumpur]]
|Subedar Das
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|66,631
|[[Jitan Ram Manjhi]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|39,854
|26,777
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Aurangabad district, Bihar|'''Aurangabad District''']]
|-
|219
|[[Goh Assembly constituency|Goh]]
|[[Manoj Kumar (Bihar politician)|Manoj Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|53,615
|Ranvijay Kumar
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|45,943
|7,672
|-
|220
|[[Obra, Bihar Assembly constituency|Obra]]
|[[Birendra Kumar Sinha]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|56,042
|Chandra Bhushan Verma
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|44,646
|11,396
|-
|221
|[[Nabinagar Assembly constituency|Nabinagar]]
|[[Virendra Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|42,035
|[[Gopal Narayan Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|36,774
|5,261
|-
|222
|[[Kutumba Assembly constituency|Kutumba]]
|[[Rajesh Kumar (born 1969)|Rajesh Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|51,303
|[[Santosh Suman Manjhi]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|41,205
|10,098
|-
|223
|[[Aurangabad (Bihar Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Aurangabad]]
|[[Anand Shankar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|63,637
|[[Ramadhar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|45,239
|18,398
|-
|224
|[[Rafiganj Assembly constituency|Rafiganj]]
|Ashok Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|62,897
|Pramod Kumar Singh
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|53,372
|9,525
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Gaya district|'''Gaya District''']]
|-
|225
|[[Gurua Assembly constituency|Gurua]]
|[[Rajiv Nandan]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|56,480
|Ramchandra Prasad Singh
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|49,965
|6,515
|-
|226
|[[Sherghati Assembly constituency|Sherghati]]
|[[Vinod Prasad Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|44,579
|Mukesh Kumar Yadav
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|39,745
|4,834
|-
|227
|[[Imamganj Assembly constituency|Imamganj]]
|[[Jitan Ram Manjhi]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|79,389
|[[Uday Narayan Choudhary]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|49,981
|29,408
|-
|228
|[[Barachatti Assembly constituency|Barachatti]]
|[[Samta Devi]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|70,909
|Sudha Devi
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|51,783
|19,126
|-
|229
|[[Bodh Gaya Assembly constituency|Bodh Gaya]]
|[[Kumar Sarvjeet]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|82,656
|Shyamdeo Paswan
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|52,183
|30,473
|-
|230
|[[Gaya Town Assembly constituency|Gaya Town]]
|[[Prem Kumar (politician)|Prem Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|66,891
|Priya Ranjan
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|44,102
|22,789
|-
|231
|[[Tikari Assembly constituency|Tikari]]
|[[Abhay Kushwaha|Abhay Kumar Sinha]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|86,975
|[[Anil Kumar (Bihar politician)|Anil Kumar]]
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|55,162
|31,813
|-
|232
|[[Belaganj Assembly constituency|Belaganj]]
|[[Surendra Prasad Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|71,067
|Sharim Ali
|bgcolor=#FF0000|
|[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]
|40,726
|30,341
|-
|233
|[[Atri Assembly constituency|Atri]]
|[[Kunti Devi]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|60,687
|Arvind Kumar Singh
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|46,870
|13,817
|-
|234
|[[Wazirganj Assembly constituency|Wazirganj]]
|Awadhesh Kumar Singh
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|80,107
|Birendra Singh
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|67,348
|12,759
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Nawada district|'''Nawada District''']]
|-
|235
|[[Rajauli Assembly constituency|Rajauli]]
|Prakash Veer
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|70,549
|Arjun Ram
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|65,934
|4,615
|-
|236
|[[Hisua Assembly constituency|Hisua]]
|[[Anil Singh (politician)|Anil Singh]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|82,493
|[[Kaushal Yadav, Nawada|Kaushal Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|70,254
|12,239
|-
|237
|[[Nawada Assembly constituency|Nawada]]
|[[Raj Ballabh Yadav|Rajballabh Prasad]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|88,235
|Indradeo Prasad
|bgcolor=#999966|
|[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]
|71,509
|16,726
|-
|238
|[[Gobindpur Assembly constituency|Gobindpur]]
|[[Purnima Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|43,016
|Fula Devi
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|38,617
|4,399
|-
|239
|[[Warisaliganj Assembly constituency|Warisaliganj]]
|[[Aruna Devi]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|85,912
|Pradip Kumar
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|66,385
|19,527
|-
| colspan="11" align="center" bgcolor="grey"| [[Jamui district|'''Jamui District''']]
|-
|240
|[[Sikandra (Bihar Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sikandra]]
|Sudhir Kumar
|bgcolor=#00BFFF|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|59,092
|Subhash Chandra Bosh
|Bgcolor=#0,093DD|
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]
|51,102
|7,990
|-
|241
|[[Jamui Assembly constituency|Jamui]]
|[[Vijay Prakash Yadav]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|66,577
|Ajoy Pratap
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|58,328
|8,249
|-
|242
|[[Jhajha Assembly constituency|Jhajha]]
|[[Ravindra Yadav|Rabindra Yadav]]
|bgcolor=#FF9933|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|65,537
|[[Damodar Rawat]]
|bgcolor=#003366|
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|43,451
|22,086
|-
|243
|[[Chakai Assembly constituency|Chakai]]
|[[Savitri Devi (Bihar politician)|Savitri Devi]]
| bgcolor=#008000|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]]
|47,064
|[[Sumit Kumar Singh]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD|
|[[Independent politician|Ind]]
|34,951
|12,113

|}

===MLA statistics===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!-
!#
|-
!SC
|38
|-
!ST
|2
|-
!Yadav
|61
|-
!Muslim
|24
|-
!Rajput
|19
|-
!Koeri
|19
|-
!Bhumihar
|17
|-
!Kurmi
|16
|-
!Vaishya
|16
|-
!Brahmin
|10
|-
!Kayastha
|3
|-
!
|
|-
!Total
|243
|}
* 1 in every 4 new members in Bihar Assembly is a Yadav<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/bihar-verdict-more-muslim-mlas-fewer-women/|title=Bihar verdict: More Muslim MLAs, fewer women|date=11 November 2015}}</ref>
* Elected MLAs caste-wise-2015<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/bihar-election-results-2015-1-in-every-4-new-members-a-yadav/articleshow/49730275.cms|title=Bihar election results 2015: 1 in every 4 new members in Assembly is a Yadav |website=The Times of India|date=10 November 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/|title=Business News Today: Read Latest Business news, India Business News Live, Share Market & Economy News|website=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/bihar-election-results-2015-more-muslim-legislators-this-time-in-assembly/articleshow/49730446.cms|title=Bihar election results 2015: More Muslim legislators this time in assembly |website=The Times of India|date=10 November 2015 }}</ref>
* [http://www.prajavani.net/article/ಬಿಹಾರದ-ಶಾಸಕರಲ್ಲಿ-ಯಾದವರು-ಶೇ-25ರಷುı ಬಿಹಾರದ ಶಾಸಕರಲ್ಲಿ ಯಾದವರು ಶೇ 25ರಷುı!]

==Government formation==
Janata Dal (United) leader Nitish Kumar was sworn in as chief minister for the fifth time on 20 November 2015 after the Mahagathbandhan alliance won a sweeping victory, taking 178 seats.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/nitish-kumar-sworn-in-as-bihar-chief-minister-for-fifth-time-115112000458_1.html|title=Nitish Kumar sworn in as Bihar Chief Minister for fifth time|author=ANI|date=20 November 2015|access-date=10 April 2016}}</ref> The two sons of RJD chief Lalu Prasad, Tejaswi and Tej Pratap were also sworn in as ministers. Tejaswi Yadav became Deputy Chief Minister. Apart from Nitish Kumar, 12 members each from the Janata Dal (United) and the Rashtriya Janata Dal and four from the Congress were administered the oath of office as ministers.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/elections/bihar2015/bihar-assembly-polls-2015-nitish-kumar-takes-over-as-bihar-chief-minister/article7899627.ece|title=Bihar Assembly polls 2015: Nitish Kumar takes over as Bihar Chief Minister for the third time|author=Amarnath Tewary|work=The Hindu|date=20 November 2015 |access-date=10 April 2016}}</ref>

On 26 July 2017, the Grand Alliance broke and a new coalition government between JD(U) and the BJP was formed.<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 July 2017|title=BJP Offers Support To Nitish Kumar, To Join Government|url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/newsindia/bjp-offers-support-to-nitish-kumar-to-join-government/ar-AAoS0q8?li=AAggbRN|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904153116/https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/newsindia/bjp-offers-support-to-nitish-kumar-to-join-government/ar-AAoS0q8?li=AAggbRN|archive-date=2017-09-04|access-date=|website=msn.com}}</ref>

== Voting analysis ==
A phase-wise analysis of the polling percentages puts the fifth and final phase on the top with a 60% turnout. The polling in this round beats the 58.5% turnout recorded in the fourth phase, as also 53.7% voting in the third phase, 55.5% in the second, and 55.8% in the first phase.
* 2015 – 56.9%; 2010 – 52.7%; 2005 – 45.9%; 2000 – 62.6% (Assembly Polls were held twice in 2005 due to a fractured verdict.)<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com"/>

== Bypolls (2015-2020) ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!S.No
!Date
!Constituency
!MLA before election
! colspan="2" |Party before election
!Elected MLA
! colspan="2" |Party after election
|-
!31
|13 February 2016
|[[Harlakhi Assembly constituency|Harlakhi]]
|[[Basant Kushwaha]]
|{{Full party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samata Party}}
|Sudhanshu Shekhar
|{{Full party name with color|Rashtriya Lok Samata Party}}
|-
!205
|Rowspan=2|11 March 2018
|[[Bhabua (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhabua]]
|[[Anand Bhushan Pandey]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|Rinki Rani Pandey
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
!216
|[[Jehanabad (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jehanabad]]
|[[Mudrika Singh Yadav]]
|{{Full party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
|Suday Yadav
|{{Full party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal|rowspan=2}}
|-
!50
|28 May 2018
|[[Jokihat (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jokihat]]
|[[Sarfaraz Alam]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)|dab=yes}}
|Shahnawaz Alam
|-
!237
|11 April 2019
|[[Nawada (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nawada]]
|Rajballabh Prasad
|{{Full party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal|rowspan=2}}
|[[Kaushal Yadav (politician)|Kaushal Yadav]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)|dab=yes}}
|-
!212
|19 May 2019
|[[Dehri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dehri]]
|Mohd. Iliyas Hussain
|[[Satyanarayan Singh (BJP politician)|Satyanarayan Singh]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
!76
| rowspan="5" |21 October 2019
|[[Simri Bakhtiarpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Simri Bakhtiarpur]]
|[[Dinesh Chandra Yadav (Indian politician)|Dinesh Chandra Yadav]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)|dab=yes|rowspan=4}}
|[[Zafar Alam (Bihar politician)|Zafar Alam]]
|{{Full party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal|rowspan=2}}
|-
!163
|[[Belhar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Belhar]]
|[[Giridhari Yadav]]
|[[Ramdeo Yadav]]
|-
!109
|[[Daraunda (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Daraunda]]
|[[Kavita Singh (politician)|Kavita Singh]]
|Karnjeet Singh
|{{Full party name with color|Independent}}
|-
!158
|[[Nathnagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nathnagar]]
|[[Ajay Kumar Mandal]]
|[[Lakshmikant Mandal]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)|dab=yes}}
|-
!54
|[[Kishanganj, Bihar Assembly constituency|Kishanganj]]
|[[Mohammad Jawed]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Qamrul Hoda]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen}}
|}

==See also==
* [[2015 elections in India]]
* [[List of Assembly constituencies of Bihar]]
* [[Chief Ministers of Bihar]]
* [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]
* [[Fifth Nitish Kumar ministry]]
* [[Sixth Nitish Kumar ministry]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.loksabhaelections.in/bihar Bihar Lok Sabha election 2019 results website]
* [http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/AE2015/bihar.html Election Commission of India – Bihar 2015]
* [http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2015/Stat_Bihar_AE2015.pdf Detailed results – Election Commission of India, State Elections, 2015 Legislative Assembly of Bihar]

{{Bihar elections}}

[[Category:State Assembly elections in Bihar|2015]]
[[Category:2010s in Bihar|2015]]
[[Category:2015 State Assembly elections in India|Bihar]]

Anāl language

2026-03-19T11:46:01Z

Marinazhg: creating first post w/ refs

{{short description|Sino-Tibetan language}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Anāl
| states = [[India]] and [[Myanmar]]
| region = Southeast [[Manipur]]
| ethnicity = [[Anāl Naga people|Anāl Naga]]
| speakers = {{sigfig|13900|2}}
| date = 2001 census
| ref = e18
| familycolor = Sino-Tibetan
| fam2 = [[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]]
| fam3 = [[Kuki-Chin-Naga languages|Kuki-Chin-Mizo]]
| fam4 = [[Kuki-Chin languages|Kuki-Chin]]
| fam5 = [[Northwestern Kuki-Chin languages|Northwestern]]
| iso3 = anm
| glotto = anal1239
| glottorefname = Anal
| dia1 = Langet
| script = [[Latin script]], [[Meitei script]] (to lesser extent)
| linglist = qfs
| lingname = Langet
}}

'''Anāl''', also known as '''Namfau''' after the two principal villages it is spoken in, is a [[Kuki-Chin languages|Kuki-Chin]] language, belonging to the [[Northwestern Kuki-Chin languages|Northwestern]] or "Old Kuki" subfamily,<ref>
{{citation |first=Graham |last=Thurgood |chapter=Sino-Tibetan: Genetic and Areal Subgroups |title=The Sino-Tibetan Languages |editor1=Graham Thurgood |editor2=Randy J. LaPolla |edition=2 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2016 |isbn=9781315399492 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PDglDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA22 |page=22}}
</ref>
spoken by the [[Anāl people|Anal people]] in [[India]] and a dwindling number in [[Burma]]. It had 13,900 speakers in India according to the 2001 census, and 50 in Burma in 2010.<ref name=e18/> The speakers of this language use the [[Meitei language]] as their [[second language]] (L2) according to the [[Ethnologue]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meitei {{!}} Ethnologue |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/mni/ |website=[[Ethnologue]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724203234/https://www.ethnologue.com/language/mni/ |archive-date=24 July 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Department of Language Planning and Implementation]] of the [[Government of Manipur]] offers a sum of {{INRConvert|5000|year=2013}}, to every individual who learns Anal language, under certain terms and conditions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Applications invited for local language training programme |url=https://www.ifp.co.in/manipur/applications-invited-for-local-language-training-programme |website=[[Imphal Free Press]] |language=en}}</ref>

Anal is also written in the [[Latin script]],<ref name=B120>{{harvnb|Bareh|2007|p=120}}</ref> with a literacy rate of about 74%.<ref name=e18/>

Langet may be a dialect, though its position within Kukish is uncertain (Shafer 1955:106).{{update after|2012|9|27}}

==Geographical distribution==
Anal is spoken in southeastern [[Manipur]], in the [[Chandel district]], on the banks of the Chakpi River in towns such as [[Chandel, Manipur|Chandel]] and [[Chakpikarong]], and also in the [[Tengnoupal district]] (''[[Ethnologue]]'').

== Phonology ==

=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" |
![[Labial consonant|Labial]]
![[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
![[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
![[Velar consonant|Velar]]
![[Glottal fricative|Glottal]]
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
![[Voicelessness|voiceless]]
|[[Voiceless bilabial nasal|m̥]]
|[[Voiceless dental and alveolar nasals|n̥]]
|
|[[Voiceless velar nasal|ŋ̊]]
|
|-
![[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
|[[Voiced bilabial nasal|m]]
|[[Voiced dental and alveolar nasals|n]]
|
|[[Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]]
|
|-
! rowspan="3" |[[Stop consonant|Plosive]]/ [[Affricate]]
![[Aspirated consonant|aspirated]]
|[[Aspirated consonant|pʰ]]
|[[Aspirated consonant|tʰ]]
|
|[[Aspirated consonant|kʰ]]
|
|-
![[Voicelessness|voiceless]]
|[[Voiceless bilabial plosive|p]]
|[[Voiceless dental and alveolar plosives|t]]
|[[Voiceless postalveolar affricate|tʃ]]
|[[Voiceless velar plosive|k]]
|
|-
![[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
|[[Voiced bilabial nasal|b]]
|[[Voiced dental and alveolar plosives|d]]
|[[Voiced postalveolar affricate|dʒ]]
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
|
|[[Voiceless alveolar fricative|s]]
|
|
|[[Voiceless glottal fricative|h]]
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
![[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
|[[Voiced labiodental approximant|ʋ]]
|[[Voiced dental and alveolar lateral approximants|l]]
|
|
|
|-
![[Voicelessness|voiceless]]
|
|[[Voiceless dental and alveolar lateral fricatives|l̥]]
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]]
![[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
|
|[[Voiced dental and alveolar trills|r]]
|
|
|
|-
![[Voicelessness|voiceless]]
|
|[[Voiceless dental and alveolar trills|r̥]]
|
|
|
|}
/dʒ/ can also be heard as a glide [j] in free variation.

=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!<ref>{{Cite book |last=Devi |first=Thounaojam Thajamanbi |title=A Descriptive Grammar of Anal |publisher=Silchar: Assam University |year=2015}}</ref>
![[Front vowel|Front]]
![[Central vowel|Central]]
![[Back vowel|Back]]
|- align="center"
![[Close vowel|Close]]
|[[Close front unrounded vowel|i]]
|
|[[Close back rounded vowel|u]]
|-
![[Mid vowel|Mid]]
|[[Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]
|[[Mid central vowel|ə]]
|[[Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]
|- align="center"
![[Open vowel|Open]]
|
|[[Open front unrounded vowel|a]]
|
|}

==Vocabulary==
The following vocabulary exemplifies words in the language.<ref>{{harvnb|Bareh|2007|pp=119–128}}</ref>
{| class=wikitable
!Anal||gloss||Anal||gloss
|-
|khol || 'deep hole'; 'social division' || ahno ||'kind of short skirt'
|-
|lunguin || 'kind of long shawl' || zupar || 'rice beer'
|-
|piruili || '[[elopement]]' || Jol min || '[[bride price]]'
|-
|ithin || 'divorce' || sinnuperu || 'adultery'
|-
|pakum || 'hearth' || mote || 'first-born'
|-
|kopu || 'second-born' || cakhow || 'brown rice'
|-
|khon || 'fifty rupees' || thunlon || 'grave'
|-
|dao || 'kind of iron blade' || shingkho || 'plate'
|-
|vopum|| 'basket' || athiru || 'kind of bead necklace'
|-
|akarfo || 'kind of China necklace' || sanamba || 'kind of fiddle'
|-
|tilli || 'kind of flageolet' || tuklee || 'kind of loom'
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Bareh |first=Hamlet|title=Encyclopaedia of North-East India: Manipur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XScmdGvMf7IC&q=%22anal+language%22+india&pg=PA120 |year=2007 |publisher=Mittal |volume=III |location=New Delhi |isbn=978-81-7099-790-0}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Prakash |first=Col Ved|title=Encyclopaedia of North-East India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wxkC9S2jYCkC&q=%22anal+language%22+india&pg=PA1515 |year=2007 |publisher=Atlantic |location=New Delhi |isbn=978-81-269-0708-3}}

== External links ==
* ELAR collection: [https://elar.soas.ac.uk/Collection/MPI1035093 A community-driven documentation of natural discourse in Anal, an endangered Tibeto-Burman language] deposited by Pavel Ozerov
* [https://doreco.huma-num.fr/languages/anal1239 Anal DoReCo corpus] compiled by Pavel Ozerov. Audio recordings of narrative texts, with transcriptions time-aligned at the phone level and translations.

{{Sino-Tibetan languages}}
{{Kuki-Chin–Naga languages}}
{{Languages of Burma}}
{{Languages of Northeast India}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Kuki-Chin languages]]
[[Category:Languages of Manipur]]
[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]
[[Category:Endangered Sino-Tibetan languages]]

{{st-lang-stub}}

Suresh Krissna

2026-03-17T23:49:06Z

Marinazhg: brief cleaned up intro for clarity and added references

{{Short description|Indian film director (born 1959)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
{{Other people5|Suresh Krishna}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Suresh Krissna
| image = Suresh Krissna at the Masala Padam Audio & Trailer Launch.jpg
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1959|6|25}}
| birth_place = [[Bombay]], [[Bombay State]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| yearsactive = 1988 – present
| spouse = {{marriage|Chandra|1989}}
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Film director]]|[[writer]]}}
| relatives = [[Shanthi Krishna]] (sister)
| parents =
}}

'''Suresh Krissna''' (born 25 June 1959) is an Indian film director who has directed [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Malayalam]], [[Kannada]], and [[Hindi Language|Hindi]]-language films. His first independent film as a director was ''[[Sathya (1988 film)|Sathya]]'' (1988), with [[Kamal Haasan]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sri |date=11 March 2009 |title=Interview with Sureshkrissna |url=http://www.telugucinema.com/c/publish/stars/interview_sureshkrissna_2009.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090314173800/http://www.telugucinema.com/c/publish/stars/interview_sureshkrissna_2009.php |archive-date=14 March 2009 |access-date=16 February 2021 |website=[[Telugucinema.com]] |page=1}}</ref> He is well known for having directed [[Rajinikanth]] in four films which include, ''[[Annaamalai]]'' (1992), ''[[Veera (1994 film)|Veera]]'' (1994), ''[[Baashha]]'' (1995) and ''[[Baba (2002 film)|Baba]]'' (2002).<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/why-director-suresh-krissna-fell-in-love-with-the-lion-king/article28111270.ece |title=Why director Suresh Krissna fell in love with 'The Lion King' |newspaper=The Hindu |date=22 June 2019 |last1=Ramanujam |first1=Srinivasa}}</ref>

== Early life and career ==
Suresh was born to R. Krishna and K. Sharada in [[Bombay]]. He has two brothers, Sreeram and Satheesh, and one sister, actress [[Shanthi Krishna]].

He spent his early career in [[Mumbai]]. After completing his graduation in economics he joined the Mumbai office of [[L. V. Prasad]] for accounts management. Later he became an executive assistant to [[L. V. Prasad]] and also took care of the Prasad Productions Mumbai office. When L. V. Prasad started production of ''[[Ek Duuje Ke Liye]]'' (1981), directed by [[K. Balachander]], he assisted Prasad Productions on location. After completion of the film he went on to work for [[K. Balachander]] first assisting in ''[[Thaneer Thaneer]]'' (1981). Later he was elevated to associate director status in ''[[Achamillai Achamillai]]'' (1984).

Suresh first Independent directorial film was ''[[Sathya (1988 film)|Sathya]]'' (1988) starring [[Kamal Haasan]] which was a remake of the Hindi movie ''[[Arjun (1985 film)|Arjun]]'' starring [[Sunny Deol]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Suresh Krissna director of Annamalai, Baasha, Aalavandhan is a huge fan of Amitabh {{!}} Bosskey TV | date=8 July 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBuPXcHjbKc |language=en |access-date=2022-01-11}}</ref> In 1989, he received the [[Nandi Award for Best Director]] for ''[[Prema (1989 film)|Prema]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tollywood.media9.com/33-years-to-venkateshs-prema/ |title=33 years to Venkatesh's 'Prema' |date=12 January 2021}}</ref> Suresh Krissna became famous after he worked with [[Rajinikanth]] in the 1992 movie ''[[Annaamalai]]''. The movie became successful at the box office with a 175-day run. In 1995, Rajnikanth and Suresh Krissna paired up once again for the movie ''[[Baashha]]'', which received an appraisal and it broke ''Annamalai's'' record at the Box Office. The movie is considered as one of the breaking points in Rajinikanth's career. In 2001, Suresh Krissna directed a Telugu movie, ''[[Daddy (2001 film)|Daddy]]'' in which he worked with [[Chiranjeevi]]. In 2002, he began working on a film titled ''Vamana'' featuring [[Ajith Kumar]], [[Reema Sen]] and [[Sneha (actress)|Sneha]]. Despite the beginning production, the film was later stalled.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.screenindia.com/20011019/rtam1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020109175441/http://www.screenindia.com/20011019/rtam1.html |archive-date=9 January 2002 |title=Entertainment News: Latest Bollywood & Hollywood News, Today's Entertainment News Headlines}}</ref>

Suresh Krissna has directed movies like ''[[Baba (2002 film)|Baba]]'' (2002), ''[[Rocky – The Rebel]]'' (2006), ''[[Ilaignan]]'' (2011) and ''[[Katari Veera Surasundarangi]]'' (2012). In 2012, Suresh Krissna published a book called 'My Days with ''[[Baashha]]''{{'}}, in which the director has penned down his memories of making super hit films with Rajnikanth.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nettv4u.com/celebrity/tamil/director/suresh-krissna |title=Kollywood Director Suresh Krissna Biography, News, Photos, Videos}}</ref> Rajnikanth in an interview said that directors Suresh Krissna and [[Mani Ratnam]] are the ones who made him a Superstar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/cmcm/mani-ratnam-suresh-krissna-made-me-superstar-rajinikanth |title=Mani Ratnam, Suresh Krissna made me superstar: Rajinikanth}}</ref>

He has directed films in many languages starring leading heroes like [[Rajinikanth]], [[Kamal Haasan]], [[Chiranjeevi]], [[Venkatesh (actor)|Venkatesh]], [[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]], [[Mohanlal]], [[Vishnuvardhan (actor)|Vishnuvardhan]] and [[Salman Khan]]. Suresh Krissna, who has directed about 40 films so far, has also directed series on leading television channels like [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]] and [[Star Vijay|Vijay TV]]. He directed the ''[[Mahabharatham (TV series)|Mahabharatham]]'' (2013) serial on Sun TV. Suresh Krissna is getting into the web series space with ''[[In the Name of God (TV series)|In the Name of God]]'' (2021), to be streamed in Telugu, which he has produced.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/baasha-director-suresh-krissna-web-series-debut.html |title=Baasha director Suresh Krissna web series debut |date=25 June 2021}}</ref>

== Filmography ==

=== Films ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Title !! Language !! Notes
|-
| 1988 || ''[[Sathya (1988 film)|Sathya]]'' || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1989 || ''[[Prema (1989 film)|Prema]]'' || rowspan="2" | [[Telugu language|Telugu]] ||Dubbed in Tamil as ''Anbu Chinnam'' Remade in Hindi as ''[[Love (1991 Indian film)|Love]]''
|-
| ''[[Indrudu Chandrudu]]'' ||Dubbed in Tamil as ''Indran Chandran'' Dubbed in Hindi as ''Mayor Saab''
|-
| 1990 || ''[[Raja Kaiya Vacha]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1991 || ''Amma'' || Telugu ||
|-
| ''[[Love (1991 Indian film)|Love]]'' || [[Hindi language|Hindi]] ||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1992 || ''[[Sahasam (1992 film)|Sahasam]]'' || Telugu ||
|-
| ''[[Jaagruti]]'' || Hindi ||
|-
| ''[[Annaamalai]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
| ''Vasundhara'' || Telugu || [[Nandi Award for Best Story Writer|Nandi Award for Second Best Story Writer]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ipr.ap.nic.in/New_Links/Film.pdf |title=నంది అవార్డు విజేతల పరంపర (1964–2008) |trans-title=A series of Nandi Award Winners (1964–2008) |publisher=[[Andhra Pradesh (magazine)|Information & Public Relations of Andhra Pradesh]] |access-date=21 August 2020}}(in [[Telugu language|Telugu]])</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1993 || ''[[Vedan]]'' || rowspan="4" | Tamil ||
|-
| ''[[Rojavai Killathe]]'' ||
|-
| 1994 || ''[[Veera (1994 film)|Veera]]'' ||
|-
| 1995 || ''[[Baashha]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1996 || ''[[The Prince (Malayalam Movie)|The Prince]]'' ||[[Malayalam]] ||
|-
| ''[[Dharma Chakram]]'' || Telugu ||

|-
| ''[[Sivasakthi]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1997 || ''[[Master (1997 film)|Master]]'' || Telugu ||
|-
| ''[[Aahaa..! (1997 film)|Aahaa..!]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1998 || ''[[Auto Driver]]'' || rowspan="2" | Telugu ||
|-
| ''[[Aaha (1998 film)|Aaha..!]]'' ||Remake of Tamil film ''[[Aahaa..! (1997 film)|Aahaa..!]]''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1999 || ''[[Oruvan (1999 film)|Oruvan]]'' || rowspan="2" | Tamil ||
|-
| ''[[Sangamam (1999 film)|Sangamam]]'' ||
|-
| 2000 || ''[[Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary]]'' || rowspan="2" | Telugu ||
|-
| 2001 || ''[[Daddy (2001 film)|Daddy]]'' ||
|-
| 2001 || ''[[Aalavandhan]]'' || rowspan="2" | Tamil ||[[Multiple-language version|Simultaneously made]] in Hindi as ''[[Abhay (2001 film)|Abhay]]''.
|-
| 2002 || ''[[Baba (2002 film)|Baba]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2003 || ''[[Idi Maa Ashokgadi Love Story]]'' || rowspan="2" | Telugu ||
|-
| ''[[Raghavendra (film)|Raghavendra]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Kadamba (2004 film)|Kadamba]]'' || [[Kannada]] ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2004 || ''[[Bhadradri Ramudu]]'' || Telugu ||
|-
| ''[[Gajendra (2004 film)|Gajendra]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
| 2005 || ''[[Jyeshta (film)|Jyeshta]]'' || Kannada ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2006 || ''[[Astram (film)|Astram]]'' || Telugu ||
|-
| ''[[Rocky – The Rebel]]'' || Hindi ||
|-
| 2007 || ''[[Parattai Engira Azhagu Sundaram]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Mestri (film)|Mestri]]'' || Telugu ||
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Arumugam (film)|Arumugam]]'' || rowspan="2" | Tamil ||
|-
| 2011 || ''[[Ilaignan]]'' ||
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Katari Veera Surasundarangi]]'' || Kannada ||Nominated, [[2nd South Indian International Movie Awards|SIIMA Award for Best Director]]
|-
|2026||''[[Anantha (film)|Anantha]]''|| Tamil ||
|-
|}

=== Television ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year(s) !! Title !! Network!! Language
!Notes
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Aaha (TV series)|Aaha]]'' || [[Vijay TV]]||rowspan=5|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|
|-
| 2013 || ''[[Mahabharatham (TV series)|Mahabharatham]]'' || [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kollytalk.com/cinenews/mahabharatam-directed-by-suresh-krishna-on-sun-tv-82756.html |title=Mahabharatam directed by Suresh Krishna on Sun TV |author=CF |date=14 February 2013 |work=KOLLY TALK}}</ref>
|
|-
| 2013–2014 || ''Unarvugal'' || rowspan="2" | [[Puthuyugam TV]]
|
|-
| 2014 || ''Arangetram''
|
|-
| 2015–2017 || ''[[Lakshmi Vanthachu (TV series)|Lakshmi Vanthachu]]'' || [[Zee Tamil]]
|Producer only
|-
| 2017 || ''Prema'' || [[ETV (Telugu)|ETV]] || [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || Television film<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 November 2017 |title=Prema to premiere directly on television |website=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/prema-to-premiere-directly-on-television/articleshow/61702914.cms |access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref>
|-
| 2018–2019|| ''[[Chandrakumari]]'' ||rowspan =2|[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]] || rowspan=2|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|
|-
|2019–2020 ||''[[Chocolate (Tamil TV series)|Chocolate]]''
|
|-
|2021–2022||''[[Ente Kuttikalude Achan]]''||[[Mazhavil Manorama]]||[[Malayalam]]|| rowspan="2" | Producer only
|-
|2021 || ''[[In the Name of God (TV series)|In the Name of God]]'' || [[Aha (streaming service)|Aha]] || [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|-
|2023–present||''Sakthi IPs''||DD Tamil ||Tamil||
|-
|}

=== Assistant Director ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Title !! Language !! Notes
|-
|1981
|''[[Ek Duuje Ke Liye]]''
| rowspan="2" |Hindi
|
|-
|1982
|''[[Agni Sakshi (1982 film)|Agni Sakshi]]''
|
|-
|1983
|''[[Kokilamma]]''
|Telugu
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |1984
|''[[Ek Nai Paheli]]''
|Hindi
|
|-
|''[[Achamillai Achamillai]]''
|Tamil
|
|-
|''[[Eradu Rekhegalu]]''
|Kannada
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |1985
|''[[Kalyana Agathigal]]''
| rowspan="2" |Tamil
|
|-
|''[[Sindhu Bhairavi (film)|Sindhu Bhairavi]]''
|
|-
|''[[Mugila Mallige]]''
| rowspan="2" |Kannada
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |1986
|''[[Sundara Swapnagalu]]''
|
|-
| ''[[Punnagai Mannan]]'' || rowspan="2" | [[Tamil language|Tamil]] ||
|-
|1987
|''[[Manathil Uruthi Vendum]]''
|
|-
|1988
|''[[Rudraveena (film)|Rudraveena]]''
|Telugu
|
|}

== Awards ==
'''[[Kalaimamani|Kalaimamani Honour by Tamil Nadu Government]]'''

2014 - Contribution to Film Direction<ref>{{Cite web| title=Department of Tourism, Culture and Charities (Part-2) | language=ta | url=https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/go/tour_t_31_2019.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326085644/http://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/go/tour_t_31_2019.pdf | archive-date=2019-03-26}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.sureshkrissna.in/blog/}}
* {{IMDb name|id=0471452|name=Suresh Krissna}}

{{Suresh Krissna}}
{{Nandi Award for Best Director}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Krishna, Suresh}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian people]]
[[Category:Tamil film directors]]
[[Category:Telugu film directors]]
[[Category:Kannada film directors]]
[[Category:Nandi Award winners]]
[[Category:Film directors from Mumbai]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian people]]
[[Category:Malayalam film directors]]
[[Category:Hindi-language film directors]]
[[Category:1959 births]]

Fauji (1995 film)

2026-03-16T21:13:44Z

Marinazhg: updated references and cleaned formatting as per guidelines

{{About||the 1989 film|Fauji (1989 film)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Fauji फौजी
| image = Fauji 1995 poster.jpg
| caption = Promotional Poster
| director = [[Lawrence D'Souza]]
| producer = Gagan Chadha
| writer =
|story=
| narrator =
| starring = [[Dharmendra]] [[Raj Babbar]] [[Farah (actress)|Farah]]
| music = [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| cinematography = [[Lawrence D'Souza]]
| editing =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1995|11|24|df=y}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget = 
| gross = 
}}

'''''Fauji''''' is a 1995 Indian Hindi-language [[action drama film]] directed by [[Lawrence D'Souza]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=FAUJI (1995)|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7eedea40|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230185617/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7eedea40|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 December 2018|access-date=2022-02-11|publisher=British Film Institute}}</ref> It stars [[Dharmendra]], [[Raj Babbar]], [[Farah (actress)|Farah]] in lead roles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fauji Vinyl LP Records|url=http://www.ebay.com/itm/FAUJI-PRESS-BOOK-BOLLYWOOD-DHARMENDRA/251526170541?_trksid=p2047675.c100010.m2109&_trkparms=aid%3D555012%26algo%3DPW.MBE%26ao%3D1%26asc%3D20131231084308%26meid%3D7294469524394523024%26pid%3D100010%26prg%3D20131231084308%26rk%3D3%26rkt%3D24%26sd%3D251522756638|publisher=ebay|accessdate=2014-06-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fauji (1995) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/fauji-7826|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928174709/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/fauji-7826|url-status=live|archive-date=28 September 2021|access-date=2022-02-11|website=Cinestaan}}</ref>

==Cast==
* [[Dharmendra]] as Fauji Shamsher Singh "Sheroo"
* [[Raj Babbar]] as Arjun Sinha
* [[Farah (actress)|Farah]] as Roopa
* [[Sonu Walia]] as Lajwanti "Lajjo"
* [[Amita Nangia]] as Tulsi / Reshma
* [[Poonam Dasgupta]]
* [[Sudhir Dalvi]] as Bansilal Sinha
* [[Bharat Kapoor]] as Thakur Karan Singh
* [[Raza Murad]] as Thakur Suryanarayan Singh
* [[Kiran Kumar]] as Daku Durjan Singh

==Music==
{|class="wikitable"
! Song !! Singer
|-
| "Reshma Reshma"
| [[Asha Bhosle]]
|-
| "Tere Bina Nahin"
| [[Kumar Sanu]]
|-
| "Tere Bina Nahin"
| [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]]
|-
| "Woh Mera Jaani"
| Kavita Krishnamurthy
|-
| "Kabhi Ankh Milay"
| Kavita Krishnamurthy
|-
| "Hongi Teri Majbooriyan"
| Kavita Krishnamurthy, [[Mohammed Aziz]]
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=1297447|title=Fauji}}

[[Category:1995 films]]
[[Category:1995 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1995 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Vishal Bhardwaj]]
[[Category:Films directed by Lawrence D'Souza]]
[[Category:Indian action drama films]]

{{1990s-Hindi-film-stub}}

Parineeta (2019 film)

2026-03-14T16:54:44Z

Marinazhg: clean up

{{short description|Bengali romantic-thriller film directed by Raj Chakraborty}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Parineeta
| image = Parineeta movie poster.jpg
| caption = Film poster (photographed by Kaustav Sarkar)
| director = [[Raj Chakraborty]]
| producer = Raj Chakraborty
| story = Priyanka Poddar Arnab Bhaumik [[Subhashree Ganguly]] [[Raj Chakraborty]] (story development)
| screenplay = Padmanabha Dasgupta
| starring = [[Subhashree Ganguly]] [[Ritwick Chakraborty]] [[Gaurav Chakrabarty]] [[Falaque Rashid Roy]] [[Adrit Roy]]
| music = [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee|Arko]]
| cinematography = Manas Ganguly
| editing = Sanglap Bhowmik
| studio = Raj Chakraborty Productions
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2019|9|6}}
| country = [[India]]
| runtime =
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| budget = {{INR}}90 Lakhs
| gross = {{Estimation}} {{INR}}2.3 crore
}}

'''''Parineeta''''' ({{langx|bn|পরিণীতা}}) is a 2019 Indian [[Bengali language|Bengali]] [[vigilante]] [[romantic thriller film]] co-written, produced and directed by [[Raj Chakraborty]] under the banner Raj Chakraborty Productions. The film illustrates love break up, revenge urban love story and [[MenToo movement|false allegations against men]] – with [[Subhashree Ganguly]], [[Ritwick Chakraborty]], [[Gaurav Chakrabarty]] and Falaque Rashid Roy. Adrit Roy played a pivotal role in the film.

The music of the film is composed by [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/raj-chakrabartys-next-movie-is-a-love-story/articleshow/68562710.cms|title=Raj Chakrabarty's next movie is a love story|website=The Times of India|first=Ruman|last=Ganguly|date=26 March 2019}}</ref> The film was theatrically released on 6 September 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/raj-chakrabortys-parineeta-to-release-on-this-date/articleshow/70357027.cms|title=Raj Chakraborty's 'Parineeta' to release on this date|website=The Times of India|date=24 July 2019}}</ref> and was streamed on the OTT platform [[ZEE5]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://comingsoon.zee5.com/comingsoon/index.php|title=Parineeta on ZEE5|last=|first=|date=2019-09-06|website=ZEE5|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200331004243/https://comingsoon.zee5.com/comingsoon/index.php|archive-date=31 March 2020|access-date=2019-12-06}}</ref> The film earned ₹2.3 crore worldwide and [[Subhashree Ganguly|Subhashree]] received [[Best Actress]] at [[West Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards]] & [[4th Filmfare Awards Bangla|Filmfare Best Actress award]]. The song "Tomake" sung by Shreya Ghoshal was one of the most popular Bengali songs of 2019 which also got the best song award.{{citation needed|date=August 2024|reason=Award received at which award ceremony not mentioned}}

==Plot==
'''2015''': Mehul ([[Subhashree Ganguly]]) is infatuated with her tuition teacher, Babaida ([[Ritwick Chakraborty]]). Mehul believes Babaida reciprocates her feelings. Babaida tells her that he has something to say to her and she assumes he is going to propose. On [[Holi]], while she is waiting on the terrace (with [[Gulal|abeer]] and [[Vermilion|vermillion]]), Babaida introduces Sayantika, his new girlfriend. He puts the [[Gulal|abeer]] and vermillion on Mehul and tells her that she has to shoulder the responsibility of not just him but his better half too. Mehul is heartbroken and starts avoiding him. One day, a distressed Babaida hands her a letter, which she takes reluctantly. Three months later, she is told that Babaida committed suicide. After seeing his body, she breaks down.

'''2019''': Four years later, Mehul is working in a government company with a low-paid salary with which she sustains two households - her own and Babaida's, where only his bedridden mother lives. Her colleague Ananda encourages her to go to an interview at a big corporate company called Unicorn. Mehul does so and is hired. On her first day, she meets her boss, a young man, Ranadeb ([[Gaurav Chakrabarty]]). Mehul gives herself a makeover, dressing more provocatively and boldly, and catches Ranadeb's attention. Babaida's mother dies in the meantime. One day, Ranadeb invites her for dinner and tries to sleep with her. Suddenly, his phone rings and Mehul sees his wife is calling him: Sayantika, Babaida's girlfriend. When she provokes him, Ranadeb asks her who she is and attempts to rape her but she escapes.

In the next scene, she runs to a police station in bare feet, messed makeup, and her dress torn, indicating that she was raped. It is then that the mystery behind Babaida's suicide unfolds.

In 2015, from the letter he gave her, Mehul learned that Babaida and Sayantika were college friends and had entered Unicorn as interns. Sayantika started to change after Ranadeb began showing interest in her. She took advantage of her charm by attracting Ranadeb. The following day, Sayan learns that one of his colleagues failed to secure job, and his salary was given to Sayantika. Following this, Babaida entered Ranadeb's cabin to find Sayantika and Ranadeb making out. Enraged, he attacks Ranadeb. Sayantika and Ranadeb conspired against Babaida. Sayantika ran to the police station and [[False accusation|falsely accused]] Babaida of raping her, for which Babaida gets arrested and had to face legal charges. The rape charge was much too severe to that it destroyed his career in letter he mentioned that he tried to contact her many times as his last hope but failed to contact felling hopeless he committed suicide. Sayantika and Ranadeb married after Babaida's death. Before dying, he figured only Mehul would believe him as she loves him.

In present day, Mehul accuses Ranadeb of attempt of rape and gets him arrested. He and Sayantika are also charged with fraudulence and money laundering and cheating following which Ranadeb is sacked from his position and even police also arrest Sayantika, following which Mehul also files a [[Petition]] in [[Calcutta High Court|High Court]] demanding investigation on Babaida's suicide and Fake Allegation case that 5 years ago Sayan was [[MenToo movement|falsely charged for rape]] following which he committed suicide. The media reported If the allegations are found out to be true Ranadeb and Sayantika will be charged for leveling false allegation, criminal conspiracy, abetment of suicide and culpable homicide for which they can also face serious charges including death by hanging as punishment. Thus, it becomes clear that Mehul had entered the company with a motive to avenge Babaida's death. At the end, she speaks to Babaida's portrait and tells him that she considered herself his wife as he had put vermillion on her head (which was mixed with the red Abir) that day on Holi, four years ago. Being his wife, it was her duty to give him justice, and that she executed the vengeance successfully.

== Cast ==
* [[Ritwick Chakraborty]] as Babaida/ Sayan Roy <ref>{{cite web |title=প্রেমের গল্পে ঋত্বিক-শুভশ্রী জুটি, মহরৎ সারলেন রাজ চক্রবর্তী - Sangbad Pratidin |url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/entertainment/cinema/raj-chakraborty-to-start-shoot-for-parineeta-this-month-end/ |language=bn-IN}}</ref>
* [[Subhashree Ganguly]] as Mehul Bose<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2019/mar/27/19690/subhasree-ganguly-ritwick-come-together-for-raj-chakrabortys-parineeta|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327214016/https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2019/mar/27/19690/subhasree-ganguly-ritwick-come-together-for-raj-chakrabortys-parineeta|url-status=live|archive-date=27 March 2019|title=Subhasree Ganguly, Ritwick come together for Raj Chakraborty's Parineeta - Cinestaan}}</ref>
* [[Gaurav Chakrabarty]] as Ranadev Sen<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/entertainment/raj-chakraborty-is-preparing-for-a-new-film-named-parineeta-dgtl-1.970751|title=রাজের ছবি দিয়েই কামব্যাক শুভশ্রীর - ABP Anandoplus|language=bn-IN}}</ref>
* [[Falaque Rashid Roy]] as Sayantika Sen
* [[Biswajit Chakraborty]] as Mehul's father
* [[Laboni Sarkar]] as Babai's mother
* [[Tulika Basu]] as Mehul's mother
* Samiul Alam as Mehul's brother
* [[Adrija Roy]] as Tusu, Mehul's friend
* Tithi Das as Motu
* Soumi Paul as Riya as Mehul's office colleague
* [[Adrit Roy]] as Ananda (guest appearance)

== Marketing and release ==
The official trailer of the film was unveiled by Raj Chakraborty Entertainment Pvt. Ltd. on 4 July 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://youtube.com/watch?v=b5XOje0oiME|title=Parineeta - পরিণীতা - Official Trailer - Subhashree - Ritwick - Raj Chakraborty Entertainment|publisher=RAJ CHAKRABORTY ENTERTAINMENTVentures|website=YouTube|date=4 July 2019}}</ref>

It was theatrically released on 6 September 2019.<ref>{{cite tweet|user=RCEpvt| author=Raj Chakraborty Entertainment|date=23 July 2019|number = 1153631094169718784 |title=Unveiling #PARINEETA Third Poster.Parineeta will hit the theatres on 6th September. Our Second song #SheiTumi coming soon, so stay tuned for updates. https://t.co/LLThUrRSnq}}</ref>
The film was released to widespread acclaim. The movie was highly appreciated by critics as well as masses & received positive to mixed reviews. [[Raj Chakraborty]] remade it in hindi in form of web series with significant changes in the story titled ''[[Ziddi Ishq]]'' in 2025. This also marked Raj's Hindi debut.

== Awards and nominations ==
At the WBFJA Awards the film won the award Best Actress for Ganguly. At the "Films & Frames Digital Awards", ''Parineeta'' won a leading six awards out of a leading 7 nominations: [[Best Film]], Best Director, Best Actress for Ganguly, Best Playback Singer Female for [[Shreya Ghoshal]], Best Music Director & Best song ''Tomake''.

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Parineeta
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee|Arko]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 27 July 2019
| recorded = 2018
| venue =
| studio = AudioGarage studios
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = {{Duration|m=
|s=}}
| label = Raj Chakraborty Entertainment
| producer =
| prev_title = [[Shesh Theke Shuru]]
| prev_year = 2019
| next_title = [[Shantilal O Projapoti Rohoshyo]]
| next_year = 2019
| misc = {{Singles
| name = Parineeta
| type = Soundtrack
| single1 = Tomake (তোমাকে) (Female)
| single1date = 13 Jul 2019
| single2 = "Shei Tumi" (সেই তুমি)
| single2date = 27 Jul 2019
| single3 =
| single3date =
| single4 =
| single4date =
}}
}}

The music of the soundtrack composed by Arko on his own lyrics.

{{track listing
| headline = Track list
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics = Arko
| all_music = [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee|Arko]]
| extra_column = Singer
| title1 = Tomake (Female)
| length1 = 2:56
| lyrics1 =
| extra1 = [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
| music1 =
| title2 = Shei Tumi
| length2 = 3:41
| lyrics2 =
| extra2 = Arko
| music2 =
| title3 = Tomake (Male)
| length3 = 2:56
| lyrics3 =
| extra3 = Arko
| music3 =
| title4 =
| length4 =
| lyrics4 =
| extra4 =
| music4 =
}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|tt10592082}}
{{Raj Chakraborty Films}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Parineeta}}
[[Category:2019 films]]
[[Category:Films set in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]]
[[Category:2019 Bengali-language films]]
[[Category:2019 romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Raj Chakraborty]]

INS India

2026-03-09T12:12:05Z

Marinazhg:

{{Short description|Naval Base Depot Establishment}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox military installation
| name = INS ''India''
| ensign = File:Naval_Ensign_of_India.svg
| ensign_size =
| native_name =
| partof = 
| location = [[Delhi Cantonment|Nausena Bhawan]], [[Delhi Cantonment]], [[New Delhi]]
| nearest_town = 
| country = [[India]]
| image =
| alt =
| caption = Crest of INS India
| image2 =
| alt2 =
| caption2 =
| type = [[Stone frigate|Naval shore establishment]]
| coordinates =
| gridref =
| image_map =
| image_mapsize =
| image_map_alt =
| image_map_caption =
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_mapsize =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| pushpin_relief =
| pushpin_image =
| pushpin_label =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_mark =
| pushpin_marksize =
| ownership = [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]]
| operator = [[Indian Navy]]
| controlledby = 
| open_to_public = 
| site_other_label = 
| site_other = 
| site_area =
| code = 
| built =
| used = 1941 – present
| builder =
| materials =
| height = 
| length = 
| fate = 
| condition = Operational
| battles =
| events =
| current_commander = [[Commodore (India)|Commodore]] Vishal Rawal<ref>{{cite web |title=INS India |url=https://x.com/INS_India_IN/status/1983531243049496646 |access-date=9 March 2026}}</ref>
| past_commanders = 
| garrison = 
| occupants = 
| designations =
| website =
}}
'''INS ''India''''' is a "[[stone frigate]]" (shore establishment) of the [[Indian Navy]] in [[New Delhi]]. The base depot ship is the [[flagship]] of the [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]] of the Indian Navy. The establishment is the only naval establishment in New Delhi and provides administrative and logistics support to all officers and sailors in Naval Headquarters and other units at Delhi.

==History==
The stone frigate was established on 13 July 1941 as HMIS India.<ref name="IN">{{cite web |title=INS India - Base Depot Ship of Indian Navy at New Delhi celebrates Platinum Jubilee {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/hi/content/ins-india-base-depot-ship-indian-navy-new-delhi-celebrates-platinum-jubilee |website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref> It was a small unit with a complement of few officers and sailors. The establishment was commanded by an officer of the rank of [[Lieutenant Commander]]. Receptions in the honour of visiting dignitaries of foreign navies were held in the establishment.<ref>{{cite web |title=INDONESIAN NAVAL CHIEF'S ONE-DAY VISIT TO DELHI |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1960-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1960-08-24_062.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=24 August 1960}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=ADMIRAL HARRINGTON ARRIVES IN DELHI |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1961-JAN-DEC-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1961-03-19_141.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=19 March 1961}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=ADMIRAL BEGG ARRIVES |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1964-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1964-02-11_123.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=11 February 1964}}</ref> During the change of command of the Navy, the outgoing CNS would receive the incoming CNS in INS India. The farewell [[guard of honour]] to the outgoing CNS also took place at the establishment.<ref>{{cite web |title=NAVY'S NEW CHIEF |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1962-JAN-DEC-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1962-06-05_222.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=5 June 1962}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=PIB |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1973-JAN-MAY-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1973-02-26_098.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=26 February 1973}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=ADMIRAL O.S. DAWSON TAKES OVER |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1982-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1982-03-01_117.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=1 March 1982}}</ref>

==Today==
INS India today is a major establishment in New Delhi with a plethora of duties and responsibilities.<ref name="IN" /> The commanding officer of the establishment is also the station commander and is a one-star officer with the rank of [[Commodore (India)|Commodore]].<ref name="CO INDIA">{{cite web |title=Commodore Ravi Malhotra, VSM assumes command as Station Commander (Navy) Delhi {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/commodore-ravi-malhotra-vsm-assumes-command-station-commander-navy-delhi |website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref>
Since it is the flagship of the [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]], the [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]]'s flag is hoisted on ''INS India''. In March 2000, the post of Controller of Personnel Service (CPS) was created in the rank of [[Vice Admiral (India)|Vice Admiral]]. The CPS acts as the administrative authority of INS India.{{sfn|Hiranandani|2010|p=239}} The establishment was awarded the unit citation for a naval establishment for the year 2022.<ref name="Unit citation">{{cite web |title=INS India twitter |url=https://twitter.com/INS_India_IN/status/1664691097497489413 |website=Twitter |access-date=13 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

==Crest==
The crest of INS India consists of a [[swastika]] with each of its arms ending in a circle enclosing a smaller swastika. The [[Motif (visual arts)|motif]] is taken from the ancient coins of [[Ujjain]] and represents well-being and good relationship. It also represents the spirit of India and her international outlook.<ref name="Crest">{{cite web |title=ASOKA PEDESTAL TO REPLACE BRITISH CROWN IN NAVAL CRESTS |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1952-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1952-04-10_094.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=10 April 1952}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of Indian Navy bases]]
*[[List of active Indian Navy ships]]
*[[Stone frigate]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{citation|first1=G. M.|last1=Hiranandani|title=Transition to Guardianship: The Indian Navy 1991-2000|year=2010|isbn= 978-1935501268|publisher= Lancer InterConsult, Incorporated}}

{{Indian Navy}}

{{coord missing|Delhi}}

[[Category:Indian Navy bases]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in New Delhi]]

Dushman (1939 film)

2026-03-07T07:04:12Z

Marinazhg: rework article and cleaned formatting

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Dushman
| image = Dushman (Hindi movie, 1939).webm
| caption =
| director = [[Nitin Bose]]
| producer = [[New Theatres]]
| writer = Nitin Bose
| narrator =
| starring = {{ubl|[[K. L. Saigal]]|[[Leela Desai]]|Najmul Hassan|[[Prithviraj Kapoor]]}}
| music = [[Pankaj Mullick]]
| cinematography = Nitin Bose
| editing = Subodh Mitter
| distributor =
| studio = [[New Theatres]]
| released = {{Film date|1939}}
| runtime = 144 min
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Dushman''''' is a [[List of Bollywood films of 1939|1939]] Hindi social romantic [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]]. It was directed by [[Nitin Bose]] for [[New Theatres]] Calcutta Production.<ref name=Patel>{{cite book|last1=Patel|first1=Bhaichand|title=Bollywood's Top 20: Superstars of Indian Cinema|date=2012|publisher=Penguin Books|location=India|isbn=9780670085729|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RQL4dkVAnPIC&q=Dushman+1939+director&pg=PA7}}</ref> The film starred [[K. L. Saigal]], [[Leela Desai]], Najmul Hassan, [[Prithviraj Kapoor]], Nemo and [[Jagdish Sethi]]. The music was composed by [[Pankaj Mullick]] and the lyrics were written by Arzu Lucknavi. Nitin Bose besides directing also wrote the story and wielded the camera for the film. The dialogue writer was Sudarshan.<ref name=knowyourfilms>{{cite web|title=Dushman (1939)|url=http://www.knowyourfilms.com/film.php?ID=9237|website=knowyourfilms.com|publisher=knowyourfilms|accessdate=15 July 2015}}</ref> The story subject about tuberculosis was suggested as a propaganda film by Viceroy Lord Linlithgow and his wife, who were then the Chairman and Patron of King George’s Tuberculosis Fund.<ref name=Garg>{{cite book|last1=Garg|first1=B. D.|title=Art of Cinema|date=2005|publisher=Penguin UK|location=UK|isbn=9788184754315|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ITAnAgAAQBAJ&q=dushman+1939&pg=PT62|accessdate=15 July 2014}}</ref>

The film is about two friends who want to marry the same girl unknowingly till one of them discovers he has tuberculosis. He decides to sacrifice his love but ends up in a sanatorium where he is treated.

==Story==
Mohan ([[K. L. Saigal]]) and Gita ([[Leela Desai]]) are friends and discover they are in love. Gita visits Mohan at his house regularly and they also rendezvous at night by the lakeside where they listen to a tramp on his violin. Mohan is making plans on increasing his allowance while Gita is worried about his health. Mohan works at a radio station as a singer. His boss (Jagdish Sethi) at the radio station is rough and kind in turn. Mohan’s friend Dr. Kedar (Najmul Hassan) is also worried about his health and repeatedly suggests Mohan take a rest from work and the city for at least a year. He advises Mohan not to think of getting married till that time. Gita’s mother (Devbala) and Aunt (Manorama Sr.) have found a suitable boy Dr. Kedar, for Gita without her knowledge. They invite him for tea where he brings Mohan with him. Mohan realises the set-up and leaves the house asking Gita to meet him at their usual place. He tells Gita that it’s time for them to stop meeting and wait for some time. Gita is upset and refuses to let him complete his conversation.

Mohan starts developing daily evening fevers and he tells Dr. Kedar over the phone, Kedar insists on taking care of him but Mohan refuses. Dr. Kedar visits Gita as they have planned to see a film together. However, Gita takes him to the rendezvous place where they are seen by Mohan. A distraught Mohan rushes from there not caring whether he lives or dies. He meets a doctor who is an assistant (Bikram Kapoor) at a sanatorium run by an old doctor ([[Prithviraj Kapoor]]). The doctor forces Mohan to come with him to the sanatorium. At the sanatorium after initial hesitation Mohan becomes interested in the working and finances of the hospital. The Chief says that they can’t forcibly treat TB patients but maybe in the near future it may be rendered compulsory and then maybe they can get help. But first they have to make the people aware of the problem. A radio station comes to their help to set up a connection from the sanatorium.

Since Mohan was in the first stages of TB he starts improving and sings on the radio to make an appeal. The song is heard by Gita who has a nervous breakdown. Dr. Kedar sees this and understands about Gita and Mohan. He tells Gita’s mother that if she truly wants to help her daughter then she will try to understand her needs and see what it is that Gita really wants. On gaining consciousness Gita takes the car and speeds in it to the sanatorium. Kedar sees her and follows. Gita’s car meets with an accident outside the sanatorium. She is brought in unconscious and wounded. Mohan was planning to leave for a couple of days to attend what he thinks is the marriage of Kedar and Gita. The Chief who’s heard his story earlier stops him and takes him to where Gita is lying covered in bandages with Kedar by her side. Kedar happily points out Mohan to Gita. The Chief leaves them telling Mohan to make sure that Gita never drives rashly again. Mohan promises.

==Cast==
*[[K. L. Saigal]] as Mohan
*[[Leela Desai]] as Gita
*Najmul Hassan as Dr. Kedar
*[[Prithviraj Kapoor]] as chief doctor at the sanatorium
*Jagdish Sethi as radio station manager
*Nemo as Raibahadur Hiralal, Gita’s father
*Devbala as Gita’s mother
*Manorama Sr. as Gita’s Aunt
*Bikram Kapoor as the assistant doctor at the sanatorium

==Production==
The producers needed raw stock for their films, so they tried to please the authorities in making films with subject to their liking. Even Nitin Bose had to deal with this situation.<ref name=Purohit>{{cite book|last1=Vinayak|first1=Purohit|title=Arts of Transitional India Twentieth Century|date=1988|publisher=Popular Prakashan|location=India|isbn=9780861321384|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ae1Zrmz6ETwC&q=dushman+1939&pg=PA1045|accessdate=15 July 2014}}</ref> When the idea about tuberculosis was proposed as a propaganda film by Viceroy Lord Linlithgow, Nitin Bose wrote the story and used Pankaj Mullick's music and Saigal's voice.<ref name="Garg"/> Nitin Bose who had earlier shown no interest in casting Saigal for his films having once stated that he could not use Saigal as his camera lens would crack at the sight of the "uncouth youth" signed him for several films after the success of [[Devdas (1936 film)|Devdas]] (1935).<ref name="Patel"/>

==Soundtrack==
Pankaj Mullick gave the music for this film and also sang his version of the K. L. Saigal song "Karun Kya Aas Niraas Bhayi". The lyrics were written by Arzu (Arzoo) Lucknavi. All songs in the film were by K. L. Saigal.<ref name=Singh>{{cite web|last1=Singh|first1=Surjit|title=Songs From Dushman 1939|url=http://hindi-films-songs.com/dushman39.html|website=hindi-film-songs.com|publisher=Surjit Singh|accessdate=15 July 2014}}</ref><ref name=hindigeetmala>{{cite web|title=Dushman 1939|url=http://hindigeetmala.net/movie/dushman.htm|website=hindigeetmala|publisher=hindigeetmala|accessdate=15 July 2014}}</ref>

===Songs===
*"Karun Kya Aas Niraas Bhayi"
*"Pyaari Pyaari Surato Moh Bhari Murato"
*"Sitam Thay, Zulm Thay"
*"Man Darpan Hai Jaago"
*"Preet Main Hain Jeevan Jokhum"

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|id =0273553 |title =Dushman }}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_uCLEDbekcg Full movie on YouTube], also [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EE8w1gxNAX4], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_ROcacWLWA]
*[http://hindi-films-songs.com/dushman39.html Dushman (1939) Songs audio]. Surjit Singh

[[Category:1939 films]]
[[Category:1939 romantic drama films]]
[[Category:1939 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1939 Indian films]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Films scored by Pankaj Mullick]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:New Theatres films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Nitin Bose]]
[[Category:Hindi remakes of Bengali films]]

Ravan Raaj: A True Story

2026-03-03T23:42:27Z

Marinazhg: small enhanced lead to improve readability and cleaned formatting

{{short description|1995 film by T. Rama Rao}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ravan Raaj: A True Story
| native_name =
| image = Ravan Raaj A True Story.jpg
| caption = Promotional Poster
| director = [[T. Rama Rao]]
| producer = Manoj Chaturvedi Bobby Anand
| writer = Sanjeev Duggal Adesh K.Arjun (dialogue)
| screenplay =
| story = [[R. K. Selvamani]]
| based_on = [[Pulan Visaranai]] by R. K. Selvamani
| starring = [[Mithun Chakraborty]] [[Aditya Pancholi]] [[Shakti Kapoor]] [[Madhoo]] [[Harish Kumar (actor)|Harish Kumar]] [[Sheeba Akashdeep]]
| narrator =
| music = [[Viju Shah]]
| cinematography = [[Jayanan Vincent]]
| editing =
| studio =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1995|06|28}}
| runtime = 153 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget = {{estimation}}{{INR|2.50 crore}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=जब ढाई करोड़ी मूवी ने बॉक्स ऑफिस पर मचाया हंगामा, कमाई देख सब हो गए थे हैरान, पैसों से भर गई थी मेकर्स की जेब|url=https://hindi.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/bollywood-mithun-chakraborty-starrer-ravan-raaj-a-true-story-cost-only-rs-2-crore-50-lakh-collected-4-times-more-than-budget-at-box-office-in-1995-details-inside-7069307.html|website=[[News 18]]|date=30 July 2023 |access-date=2023-07-31}}</ref>
| gross = {{estimation}}{{INR|8.81 crore}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ravan Raaj Box office collection|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=2961|website=[[Box Office India]]|access-date=2023-07-31}}</ref>
}}

'''''Ravan Raaj: A True Story''''' ({{Translation|Ravan's Rule: A True Story}}) is a 1995 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[action film]] directed by [[T. Rama Rao]], starring [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Madhoo]] and [[Aditya Pancholi]] and [[Harish Kumar (actor)|Harish Kumar]]. The film is centred on kidney smugglers and a serial killer. It is a remake of the 1990 Tamil film ''[[Pulan Visaranai]]'', starring [[Vijayakanth]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ravan Raaj - Movie - Box Office India|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=2961|website=boxofficeindia.com|access-date=2020-05-25|archive-date=18 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618005711/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=2961|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Plot summary==
Crime and corruption have taken over Bombay City without any solution. A rash of kidnappings of young women takes place. One auto-rickshaw driver "Auto Kesariya" is behind this crime. The policemen of Kala Chowki Police Station are doing little to stop these crimes. Former Assistant Commissioner of Police Arjun Verma is reinstated and assigned to this case. Arjun gets himself deeply involved in this disappearance and the kidnappings and faces the shock and trauma of finding skeletal remains of young women who have been abducted as well as body parts stolen from innocent patients from hospitals. His personal life also turns upside down as his fiancée abandons him on his wedding day, while his niece is abducted and held for ransom, and above all Arjun Verma himself becomes the target of assassins hired by influential politicians and senior police officials.

==Cast==
*[[Mithun Chakraborty]] as [[Assistant Commissioner of Police (India)|ACP]] Arjun Verma
*[[Madhoo]] as Gayatri
*[[Aditya Pancholi]] as Dr. Amir Khurana
*[[Paresh Rawal]] as Minister Charandas
*[[Harish Kumar (actor)|Harish Kumar]] as Harish
*[[Sheeba Akashdeep]] as Shilpa
*[[Shakti Kapoor]] as [[Auto Shankar|Auto Kesariya]]
*[[Johnny Lever]] as Chamelibahen
*[[Vaishnavi (Tamil actress)|Vaishnavi]] as Komal
*[[Junior Mehmood|Junior Mehamood]] as
*[[Alok Nath]] as Police Commissioner Deepak Seth
*[[Ishrat Ali]] as Devdas
*[[Harish Patel]] as Shilpa's father
*[[Ghanshyam Rohera]] as Eunuch
*[[Tej Sapru]] as Police Inspector Madanlal
*[[Baby Sonia]] as Dolly (Twins Appearance) / Roli
*[[Narra Venkateswara Rao]] as Arjun's superior
*[[Annapurna (actress)|Annapurna]] as Arjun's mother

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Ravan Raaj: A True Story
| type = [[Soundtrack]]
| artist = [[Viju Shah]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 28 June 1995
| recorded = [[Tips Industries]]
| venue =
| studio = [[Trimurti Films]] T RAMA RAO
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length =
| label = Tips Music CD Spotify / Video TIME
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title = [[Pulan Visaranai]] in Hindi
| next_year = 2022
}}
The movie has six songs composed by [[Viju Shah]] which are, to some extent, significant until date.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://planetbollywood.com/Music/RR.html|title=Ravan Raaj - A True Story Music Review|publisher=planetbollywood.com|access-date=2014-02-04|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304201034/http://planetbollywood.com/Music/RR.html|url-status=live}}</ref> With Tips JHANKAR "Husnwaalon Se Yeh Dil Bachaaye" by [[Udit Narayan]] in his archetypal upbeat style, the catchy number "Yaar Mere Mausam Hai Mastaana Mastaana" suggestive of [[Romance (love)|romance]] in fine weather are some well-known euphonious songs of the album. Voices for the songs were rendered by [[Kumar Sanu]], [[Sadhana Sargam]], [[Sapna Mukherjee]], [[Abhijeet Bhattacharya]], [[Udit Narayan]], [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]], [[Bali Brahmbhatt]] and [[Sushma Shrestha|Poornima]], with lyrics by the eminent lyricist [[Anand Bakshi]].

*"Husnwalo Se Ye Dil Bachaye" - [[Udit Narayan]]
*"Aaina Aaina Tere Bin Chaina" - [[Kumar Sanu]], [[Jayshree Shivram]]
*"Ooh! Ooh! Ooh... Oah!" - [[Bali Brahmabhatt]], [[Sushma Shrestha|Poornima]]
*"O Sanam O Sanam" - [[Kumar Sanu]], [[Sadhana Sargam]]
*"Tu Cheez Badi Hai Sakht Sakht" - [[Bali Brahmabhatt]], [[Johny Lever]], [[Sapna Mukherjee]]
*"Yaar Mera Mausam Hai Mastana Mastana" - [[Abhijeet Bhattacharya]], [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0114236|Ravan Raaj:A True Story}}
{{T. Rama Rao}}

[[Category:1995 films]]
[[Category:1995 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1995 Indian films]]
[[Category:Hindi remakes of Tamil films]]
[[Category:Films directed by T. Rama Rao]]
[[Category:Films scored by Viju Shah]]
[[Category:Mithun's Dream Factory films]]
[[Category:Cross-dressing in Indian films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Ooty]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Indian serial killer films]]
[[Category:Films about real serial killers]]
[[Category:Indian films based on actual events]]
[[Category:Hindi-language films based on actual events]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the Maharashtra Police]]

2013–14 Churchill Brothers FC season

2026-03-01T22:19:18Z

Marinazhg: creating new entry initial version

{{Short description|Indian football club season}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox football club season
|club = [[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|season = [[2013–14 I-League|2013–14]]
|chairman = [[Sukhwinder Singh (football coach)|Sukhwinder Singh]]
|chrtitle = Technical Director
|manager = [[Mariano Dias]]
|mgrtitle = Head coach
|stdtitle = Stadium
|stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]], [[Margao]]
|league = [[I-League]]
|league result = ''[[2013–14 I-League|12th]]''
|league2 =
|league2 result =
|cup1 = [[Federation Cup (India)|Federation Cup]]
|cup1 result = ''[[2013–14 Indian Federation Cup|Winner]]''
|league topscorer =
|season topscorer =
|highest attendance =
|lowest attendance =
|average attendance =
| pattern_la1 =
| pattern_b1 =
| pattern_ra1 =
| leftarm1 = FF0000
| body1 = FF0000
| rightarm1 = FF0000
| shorts1 = FF0000
| socks1 = FF0000
| pattern_la2 =
| pattern_b2 =
| pattern_ra2 =
| leftarm2 = 0000FF
| body2 = 0000FF
| rightarm2 = 0000FF
| shorts2 = 0000FF
| socks2 = 0000FF
|prevseason =
|nextseason =
}}

The '''2013–14 Churchill Brothers S.C. season''' will be the club's seventh season in the [[I-League]], the top division of Indian football. Churchill Brothers enter this season as the reigning I-League champions after winning the [[2012–13 I-League]].

==I-League==
===Matches===
{{football box collapsible
|result=L
|date=21 September 2013
|time=17:00
|round=Match 1
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|score=0 – 1
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/09/21/india/i-league/churchill-brothers-sc/salgaocar-sports-club/1585275/ Summary]
|team2=[[Salgaocar F.C.|Salgaocar]]
|goals1=[[Micky Fernandes|Fernandes]] {{yel|73}} [[Lenny Rodrigues|Rodrigues]] {{yel|90+1}}
|goals2=[[Chika Wali|Wali]] {{yel|36}} [[Darryl Duffy|Duffy]] {{goal|41}} [[Nicolau Colaco|Colaco]] {{yel|57}}
|stadium=[[Fatorda Stadium]]
|location=[[Margao]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Pranjal Banerji
}}
{{football box collapsible
|result=D
|date=28 September 2013
|time=17:00
|round=Match 2
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|score=0 – 0
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/09/28/india/i-league/churchill-brothers-sc/mohun-bagan-ac/1585282/ Summary]
|team2=[[Mohun Bagan A.C.|Mohun Bagan]]
|goals1=[[Micky Fernandes|Fernandes]] {{yel|62}} [[Satish Singh|Singh]] {{yel|66}} Balan {{yel|90}}
|goals2=[[Aiborlang Khongjee|Khongjee]] {{yel|34}}
|stadium=[[Duler Stadium]]
|location=[[Mapusa]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Cr Srikrishna
}}
{{football box collapsible
|result=L
|date=5 October 2013
|time=16:00
|round=Match 3
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|score=0 – 2
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/10/05/india/i-league/churchill-brothers-sc/mumbai-fc/1585289/ Summary]
|team2=[[Mumbai F.C.|Mumbai]]
|goals1=[[Bikramjit Singh|Singh]] {{yel|35}} Henri Antchouet {{yel|48}} [[Satish Singh|Singh]] {{yel|73}}
|goals2=Pereira {{yel|36}} Orok Essien {{goal|46}} [[Climax Lawrence|Lawrence]] {{goal|87}}
|stadium=[[Duler Stadium]]
|location=[[Mapusa]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Mb Santosh Kumar
}}
{{football box collapsible
|result=D
|date=10 October 2013
|time=16:00
|round=Match 4
|team1=[[Rangdajied United F.C.|Rangdajied United]]
|score=1 – 1
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/10/10/india/i-league/arhima-club/churchill-brothers-sc/1585302/ Summary]
|team2=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[Eugeneson Lyngdoh|Lyngdoh]] {{goal|25}}
|goals2=[[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Singh]] {{goal|27}}
|stadium=[[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Shillong]]
|location=[[Shillong]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Ph Singh
}}
{{football box collapsible
|result=L
|date=19 October 2013
|time=20:15
|round=Match 5
|team1=[[Pune F.C.|Pune]]
|score=1 – 0
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/10/19/india/i-league/pune-fc/churchill-brothers-sc/1585307/ Summary]
|team2=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[Anas Edathodika|Edathodika]] {{yel|29}} [[Calum Angus|Angus]] {{goal|52}} [[James Meyer (footballer)|Meyer]] {{yel|61}} [[Arata Izumi|Izumi]] {{yel|77}}
|goals2=[[Denzil Franco|Franco]] {{yel|49}}
|stadium=[[Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex]]
|location=[[Pune]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Pranjal Banerji
}}
{{football box collapsible
|result=D
|date=28 October 2013
|time=11:00
|round=Match 6
|team1=[[Shillong Lajong F.C.]]
|score=2 – 2
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/10/28/india/i-league/lajong-sc/churchill-brothers-sc/1585323/ Summary]
|team2=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[Milan Singh|Singh]] {{goal|21|pen.}} [[Jibon Singh|Singh]] {{yel|32}} [[Uilliams Bomfim Souza|Uilliams]] {{goal|34}} [[Taisuke Matsugae|Matsugae]] {{yel|38}} [[Vinay Singh|Singh]] {{yel|56}} [[Wailadmi Passah|Passah]] {{yel|88}}
|goals2=Balan {{goal|6}} {{yel|90+2}} Hamed Adesope {{yel|20}} [[Dharmaraj Ravanan|Ravanan]] {{yel|21}} [[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Singh]] {{yel|51}} [[Hugo Machado]] {{goal|90}}
|stadium=[[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Shillong]]
|location=[[Shillong]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Subrata Barman
}}
{{football box collapsible
|result=L
|date=2 November 2013
|time=12:30
|round=Match 7
|team1=[[United S.C.]]
|score=3 – 2
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/11/02/india/i-league/chirag-united-sc/churchill-brothers-sc/1585327/ Summary]
|team2=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[C.K. Vineeth|Vineeth]] {{goal|55}} [[Ranti Martins|Martins]] {{goal|77||88}}
|goals2=[[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Singh]] {{goal|25||47}} [[Micky Fernandes|Fernandes]] {{yel|75}} [[Denzil Franco|Franco]] {{sent off|0|89}}
|stadium=[[Kalyani Stadium]]
|location=[[Kalyani, West Bengal]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Vishnu Chauhan
}}
{{football box collapsible
|result=L
|date=6 November 2013
|time=10:00
|round=Match 8
|team1=[[Dempo S.C.|Dempo]]
|score=1 – 0
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/11/06/india/i-league/dempo-sports-club/churchill-brothers-sc/1585331/ Summary]
|team2=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[Jeje Lalpekhlua|Lalpekhlua]] {{goal|15}} [[Narayan Das (footballer)|Das]] {{yel|16}} [[Debabrata Roy|Roy]] {{yel|85}}
|goals2=[[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Singh]] {{yel|31}} [[Anthony Pereira|Pereira]] {{yel|90+4}}
|stadium=[[Duler Stadium]]
|location=[[Mapusa]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Mb Santosh Kumar
}}
{{football box collapsible
|result=D
|date=23 November 2013
|time=12:30
|round=Match 9
|team1=[[Mohammedan S.C. (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
|score=0 – 0
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/11/23/india/i-league/mohammedan-sporting-club/churchill-brothers-sc/1585340/ Summary]
|team2=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[Rakesh Masih|Masih]] {{yel|85}}
|goals2=[[Micky Fernandes|Fernandes]] {{yel|12}}
|stadium=[[Salt Lake Stadium]]
|location=[[Kolkata]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Coimbatore Ramaswamy Srikrishna
}}
{{football box collapsible
|result=W
|date=28 November 2013
|time=14:00
|round=Match 10
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|score=3 – 2
|report=[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/11/28/india/i-league/churchill-brothers-sc/sporting-club-de-goa/1585347/ Summary]
|team2=[[Sporting Clube de Goa|Sporting Goa]]
|goals1=[[Abdelhamid Shabana|Shabana]] {{goal|2}} [[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Singh]] {{goal|37}} [[Yumnam Raju|Raju]] {{yel|86}} [[Jaison Vales|Vales]] {{goal|90+5}} {{yel|90+5}}
|goals2=[[Boima Karpeh|Karpeh]] {{goal|5}} [[Jovel Martins|Martins]] {{yel|83}} [[Pratesh Shirodkar|Shirodkar]] {{goal|89}}
|stadium=[[Duler Stadium]]
|location=[[Mapusa]]
|attendance=
|referee={{flagicon|IND}} Vishnu Chauhan
}}

===Table===
{{:2013–14 I-League|showteam=CB}}

==Competitions==
===Federation Cup===
{{main|2013–14 Indian Federation Cup}}
====Group stage====
{{main|2013–14 Indian Federation Cup Group Stage#Group A}}
{{:2013–14 Indian Federation Cup Group Stage|transcludesection=Group A|showteam=CBR}}
{{Football box collapsible
|date=14 January 2014
|time=
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|score=2–1
|report=[http://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=5414 Report]
|team2=[[United S.C.|United]]
|goals1=[[Abdelhamid Shabana|Shabana]] {{goal|5}} [[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Singh]] {{goal|17}}
|goals2=[[Ranti Martins|Martins]] {{goal|43}}
|stadium=[[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Kochi|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]], [[Kochi]]
|attendance=
|referee=
|result=W
}}
{{Football box collapsible
|date=17 January 2014
|time=
|team1=[[Eagles F.C.|Eagles]]
|score=1–2
|report=[http://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=5431 Report]
|team2=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[Koko Sakibo|Sakibo]] {{goal|83}}
|goals2=[[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Singh]] {{goal|74}} [[Abdelhamid Shabana|Shabana]] {{goal|86}}
|stadium=[[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Kochi|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]], [[Kochi]]
|attendance=
|referee=
|result=W
}}
{{Football box collapsible
|date=20 January 2014
|time=
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|score=3–2
|report=[http://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=5449 Report]
|team2=[[Pune F.C.|Pune]]
|goals1=[[Anthony Wolfe|Wolfe]] {{goal|8||74}} [[Lenny Rodrigues|Rodrigues]] {{goal|24}}
|goals2=[[Gabriel Fernandes|Fernandes]] {{goal|19||53}}
|stadium=[[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Kochi|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]], [[Kochi]]
|attendance=
|referee=
|result=W
}}

====Semifinal====
{{footballbox collapsible
|date= 23 January 2014
|time=
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|score=2–1
|report=[http://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=5458 Report]
|team2=[[Mohun Bagan A.C.|Mohun Bagan]]
|goals1=[[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Singh]] {{goal|4}} [[Anthony Wolfe|Wolfe]] {{goal|14}}
|goals2=[[Odafe Onyeka Okolie|Okolie]] {{goal|33}}
|stadium=[[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Kochi|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]], [[Kochi]]
|attendance=
|referee=
|nobars=
|result=W
|stack=
}}

====Final====
{{footballbox collapsible
|date= 25 January 2014
|time=
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|score=3–1
|report=[http://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=5462 Report]
|team2=[[Sporting Clube de Goa|Sporting Goa]]
|goals1=[[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Singh]] {{goal|21}} [[Alesh Sawant|Sawant]] {{goal|47}} [[Abdelhamid Shabana|Shabana]] {{goal|67}}
|goals2=[[Victorino Fernandes|Fernandes]] {{goal|62}}
|stadium=[[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Kochi|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]], [[Kochi]]
|attendance=
|referee=
|nobars=
|result=W
|stack=
}}

===AFC Cup===

{{main|2014 AFC Cup}}
====Group stage====
{{main|#2014 AFC Cup group stage#Group E}}
{{:2014 AFC Cup group stage|transcludesection=Group E|show_matches=n|showteam=CHB}}
{{Football box collapsible
|date=25 February 2014
|time=16:00 [[UTC+09:00|UTC+9]]
|team1=[[Persipura Jayapura]] {{flagicon|IDN}}
|score=2–0
|report=[http://www.the-afc.com/en/component/afcasfeeds/?fixtureid=7887&stageid=315&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary Report]
|team2={{flagicon|IND}} [[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[Boaz Solossa|Solossa]] {{goal|48}} [[Feri Pahabol|Pahabol]] {{goal|62}}
|goals2=
|stadium=[[Mandala Stadium]], [[Jayapura]]
|attendance=9,000
|referee=[[Win Cho]] ([[Myanmar Football Federation|Myanmar]])
|result=L
}}
{{Football box collapsible
|date=11 March 2014
|time=17:30 [[UTC+05:30|UTC+5:30]]
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]] {{flagicon|IND}}
|score=3–0
|report=[http://www.the-afc.com/en/component/afcasfeeds/?fixtureid=7889&stageid=315&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary Report]
|team2={{flagicon|MDV}} [[New Radiant SC|New Radiant]]
|goals1=[[Cristian Lagos|Lagos]] {{goal|31||75}} [[Anthony Wolfe|Wolfe]] {{goal|53}}
|goals2=
|stadium=[[Fatorda Stadium]], [[Margao]]
|attendance=1,500
|referee=Mohd Nafeez Abdul Wahab ([[Football Association of Malaysia|Malaysia]])
|result=W
}}
{{Football box collapsible
|date=18 March 2014
|time=17:30 [[UTC+05:30|UTC+5:30]]
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]] {{flagicon|IND}}
|score=3–1
|report=[http://www.the-afc.com/en/component/afcasfeeds/?fixtureid=7891&stageid=315&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary Report]
|team2={{flagicon|SIN}} [[Home United FC|Home United]]
|goals1=[[Anthony Wolfe|Wolfe]] {{goal|16}} [[Yumnam Raju|Raju]] {{goal|26}} [[Balwant Singh (footballer)|B. Singh]] {{goal|90+1}}
|goals2=[[Qiu Li]] {{goal|10}}
|stadium=[[Fatorda Stadium]], [[Margao]]
|attendance=1,000
|referee=[[Adham Makhadmeh]] ([[Jordan Football Association|Jordan]])
|result=W
}}
{{Football box collapsible
|date=2 April 2014
|time=19:30 [[UTC+08:00|UTC+8]]
|team1=[[Home United FC|Home United]] {{flagicon|SIN}}
|score=2–1
|report=[http://www.the-afc.com/en/component/afcasfeeds/?fixtureid=7893&stageid=315&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary Report]
|team2={{flagicon|IND}} [[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[Fazrul Nawaz|Nawaz]] {{goal|25}} [[Indra Sahdan Daud|Daud]] {{goal|72}}
|goals2=[[Precious Emuejeraye|Precious]] {{goal|27|o.g.}}
|stadium=[[Jalan Besar Stadium]], [[Singapore]]
|attendance=1,020
|referee=[[Ma Ning (referee)|Ma Ning]] ([[Chinese Football Association|China PR]])
|result=L
}}
{{Football box collapsible
|date=9 April 2014
|time=17:30 [[UTC+05:30|UTC+5:30]]
|team1=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]] {{flagicon|IND}}
|score=1–1
|report=[http://www.the-afc.com/en/component/afcasfeeds/?fixtureid=7895&stageid=315&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary Report]
|team2={{flagicon|IDN}} [[Persipura Jayapura]]
|goals1=[[Balwant Singh (footballer)|B. Singh]] {{goal|84}}
|goals2=[[Boaz Solossa|Solossa]] {{goal|78}}
|stadium=[[Fatorda Stadium]], [[Margao]]
|attendance=200
|referee=[[Ng Kai Lam]] ([[Hong Kong Football Association|Hong Kong]])
|result=D
}}
{{Football box collapsible
|date=23 April 2014
|time=18:30 [[UTC+05:00|UTC+5]]
|team1=[[New Radiant SC|New Radiant]] {{flagicon|MDV}}
|score=1–2
|report=[http://www.the-afc.com/en/component/afcasfeeds/?fixtureid=7898&stageid=315&tMode=H&view=ajax&show=matchsummary Report]
|team2={{flagicon|IND}} [[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|goals1=[[Mohammad Umair|Umair]] {{goal|40}}
|goals2=Kumar {{goal|64}} [[Anthony Wolfe|Wolfe]] {{goal|67}}
|stadium=[[Galolhu National Stadium]], [[Malé]]
|attendance=1,500
|referee=[[Ali Shaban]] ([[Kuwait Football Association|Kuwait]])
|result=W
}}

==First-team squad==

{{updated|2 Jan 2014}}<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Squad
| url = http://www.goal.com/en-india/teams/india/1083/churchill-brothers-sc
| publisher= goal.com
| accessdate = 22 October 2011 }}</ref>
{{Fs start}}
{{Fs player|no=1|nat=India|pos=GK|name=[[Arindam Bhattacharya (footballer)|Arindam Bhattacharya]]}}
{{Fs player|no=3|nat=India|pos=DF|name=[[Charles Fernandes (footballer)|Charles Fernandes]]}}
{{Fs player|no=4|nat=India|pos=MF|name=William Colaco}}
{{Fs player|no=5|nat=India|pos=DF|name=[[Gurpreet Singh (footballer)|Gurpreet Singh]]}}
{{Fs player|no=6|nat=India|pos=DF|name=Sudhakaran Kumar}}
{{Fs player|no=9|nat=Egypt|pos=MF|name=[[Abdelhamid Shabana]]}}
{{Fs player|no=10|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Micky Fernandes]]}}
{{Fs player|no=11|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Sanjay Balmuchu]]}}
{{Fs player|no=12|nat=India|pos=DF|name=[[Denzil Franco]]}}
{{Fs player|no=13|nat=India|pos=DF|name=[[Dharmaraj Ravanan]]|other=[[captain (association football)|vice-captain]]}}
{{Fs player|no=14|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Israil Gurung]]}}
{{Fs player|no=15|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Tirthankar Sarkar]]}}
{{Fs player|no=16|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Amandeep Singh (footballer)|Amandeep Singh]]}}
{{Fs player|no=17|nat=India|pos=FW|name=[[Balwant Singh (footballer)|Balwant Singh]]}}
{{Fs player|no=18|nat=India|pos=DF|name=[[Thangjam Singh]]}}
{{Fs mid}}
{{Fs player|no=19|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Anthony Barbosa]]}}
{{Fs player|no=20|nat=India|pos=GK|name=[[Lalit Thapa]]}}
{{Fs player|no=21|nat=India|pos=GK|name=[[Presley Mascarenhas]]}}
{{Fs player|no=22|nat=India|pos=FW|name=[[Jaison Vales]]}}
{{Fs player|no=24|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Lenny Rodrigues]]}}
{{Fs player|no=26|nat=India|pos=DF|name=[[Yumnam Raju]]}}
{{Fs player|no=28|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Bikramjit Singh]]}}
{{Fs player|no=29|nat=India|pos=DF|name=[[Satish Singh]]}}
{{Fs player|no=31|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Ashley Fernandes]]}}
{{Fs player|no=32|nat=India|pos=DF|name=[[Lionel Rodrigues]]}}
{{Fs player|no=33|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Richard Costa]]}}
{{Fs player|no=35|nat=India|pos=FW|name=Bineesh Balan}}
{{Fs player|no=39|nat=India|pos=DF|name=Dannies Fernandes}}
{{Fs player|no=45|nat=India|pos=FW|name=[[Biswajit Biswas]]}}
{{Fs player|no=—|nat=India|pos=MF|name=[[Alesh Sawant]]}}
{{Fs player|no=—|nat= Trinidad and Tobago|pos=MF|name=[[Anthony Wolfe]]}}
{{Fs player|no=—|nat= Costa Rica|pos=FW|name=[[Cristian Lagos]]}}
{{Fs end}}

==Transfers==

===In===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:90%; text-align:center; font-size:95%; text-align:left;"
|-
!'''#'''
!'''Position:'''
!'''Player'''
!'''From'''
!'''Date'''
!'''Source'''
|-
|—
|{{sort|?|MF}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Micky Fernandes]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Air India FC|Air India]]
|21 May 2013
|<ref name=May21st>{{cite web|last=Deep Singh|first=Kunwar|title=Indian Football Transfers – Live Updates, May 21|url=http://www.thehardtackle.com/2013/indian-football-transfers-live-updates-may-20/|work=The Hard Tackle|date=21 May 2013 |accessdate=17 July 2022}}</ref>
|-
|—
|{{sort|?|MF}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Tirthankar Sarkar]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Pailan Arrows]]
|21 May 2013
|<ref name=May21st/>
|-
|—
|{{sort|?|MF}}
|{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Shingo Nejime]]
|{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Roasso Kumamoto]] (Free Agent)
|7 June 2013
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Indian Football Transfer Gossip: Former J-League player Shingo Nejime signs for Churchill, Ranti Martins get offers outside India|url=http://www.kickoffindia.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1049%3Aindian-football-transfer-gossip-former-j-league-player-shingo-nejime-signs-for-churchill-ranti-martins-get-offers-outside-india&catid=39%3Aplayer-blogs&Itemid=44|work=Kick Off India|accessdate=7 June 2013}}</ref>
|-
|—
|{{sort|?|GK}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Arindam Bhattacharya (footballer)|Arindam Bhattacharya]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Mohun Bagan A.C.|Mohun Bagan]]
|16 June 2013
|<ref name=June16th>{{cite web|title=Indian Football Transfer Gossip: Lalkamal Bhowmick all set to switch loyalties, Arindam Bhattacharya heads to Churchill|url=http://kickoffindia.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1061:indian-football-transfer-gossip-lalkamal-bhowmick-all-set-to-switch-loyalties-arindam-bhattacharya-heads-to-churchill-&catid=39:player-blogs|work=Kick off India|accessdate=16 June 2013}}</ref>
|}

===Out===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:90%; text-align:center; font-size:95%; text-align:left;"
|-
!'''Position:'''
!'''Player'''
!'''Moved to'''
!'''Date'''
!'''Source'''
|-
|{{sort|?|MF}}
|{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Roberto Mendes Silva|Beto]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Dempo S.C.|Dempo]]
|26 May 2013
|<ref name=May26th>{{cite web|last=George|first=Joseph|title=Indian Football Transfers – Live Updates, May 26|url=http://www.thehardtackle.com/2013/indian-football-transfers-live-updates-may-26/|work=The Hard Tackle|date=26 May 2013 |accessdate=6 June 2013}}</ref>
|-
|{{sort|?|FW}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Sunil Chhetri]]
|{{flagicon|POR}} [[Sporting Clube de Portugal B|Sporting Portugal B]] (loan return)
|1 June 2013
|<ref name=June2nd>{{cite web|last=George|first=Joseph|title=Indian Football Transfers – Live Updates, June 2|url=http://www.thehardtackle.com/2013/indian-football-transfers-live-updates-june-2/|work=The Hard Tackle|date=2 June 2013 |accessdate=6 June 2013}}</ref>
|-
|{{sort|?|FW}}
|{{flagicon|AFG|2013}} [[Balal Arezou]]
|{{flagicon|NOR}} [[Asker Fotball|Asker]] (loan return)
|1 June 2013
|<ref name=June2nd/>
|-
|{{sort|?|DF}}
|{{flagicon|SEN}} [[Lamine Tamba]]
|'''Released'''
|1 June 2013
|<ref name=June2nd/>
|-
|{{sort|?|MF}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Steven Dias]]
|'''Released'''
|1 June 2013
|<ref name=June2nd/>
|-
|{{sort|?|GK}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Sandip Nandy]]
|'''Released'''
|1 June 2013
|<ref name=June2nd/>
|-
|{{sort|?|MF}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Tomba Singh Wangkheirakpam|Tomba Singh]]
|'''Released'''
|1 June 2013
|<ref name=June2nd/>
|-
|{{sort|?|FW}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Xavier Vijay Kumar]]
|'''Released'''
|1 June 2013
|<ref name=June2nd/>
|-
|{{sort|?|DF}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Gurtej Singh]]
|'''Released'''
|1 June 2013
|<ref name=June2nd/>
|-
|{{sort|?|GK}}
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Felix D'Souza]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Salgaocar F.C.|Salgaocar]]
|12 June 2013
|<ref name="FelixD'Souza">{{cite web|last=George|first=Joseph|title=Indian Football Transfers – Live Updates, June 12|url=http://www.thehardtackle.com/2013/indian-football-transfers-live-updates-june-12/|work=The Hard Tackle|date=12 June 2013 |accessdate=12 June 2013}}</ref>
|}

==Player statistics==
{{Updated|23 June 2014}}

{{Efs start|I-League|Federation Cup}}
{{Efs player|no=6|name=Sudhakaran Kumar|pos=DF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=7|name=[[Ajay Singh (footballer)|Ajay Singh]]|pos=FW|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=9|name=[[Henri Antchouet]]|pos=FW|nat=GAB |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=27|name=Hammed Adesope|pos=DF|nat=NGR |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=11|name=[[Sanjay Balmuchu]]|pos=MF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=12|name=[[Denzil Franco]]|pos=DF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=13|name=[[Dharmaraj Ravanan]]|pos=DF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=14|name=[[Israil Gurung]]|pos=MF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=16|name=[[Amandeep Singh (footballer)|Amandeep Singh]]|pos=MF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=18|name=[[Thangjam Singh]]|pos=DF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=19|name=[[Lalit Thapa]]|pos=GK|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=22|name=[[Jaison Vales]]|pos=FW|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=24|name=[[Lenny Rodrigues]]|pos=MF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=26|name=[[Yumnam Raju]]|pos=DF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=28|name=[[Bikramjit Singh]]|pos=MF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=29|name=[[Satish Singh]]|pos=DF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=31|name=[[Ashley Fernandes]]|pos=MF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=33|name=[[Richard Costa]]|pos=MF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=35|name=Bineesh Balan|pos=FW|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=39|name=Dannies Fernandes|pos=DF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=45|name=[[Biswajit Biswas]]|pos=FW|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=—|name=[[Arindam Bhattacharya (footballer)|Arindam Bhattacharya]]|pos=GK|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=—|name=[[Micky Fernandes]]|pos=MF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=—|name=[[Tirthankar Sarkar]]|pos=MF|nat=IND |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs player|no=—|name=[[Shingo Nejime]]|pos=MF|nat=JPN |0+0|0|0+0|0}}
{{Efs end|date=February 2015}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Churchill Brothers S.C.}}
{{2013–14 in Indian football}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2013-14 Churchill Brothers S.C. season}}
[[Category:Churchill Brothers FC seasons]]
[[Category:2013–14 I-League by team|Churchill Brothers]]

Scutiger occidentalis

2026-02-28T14:16:22Z

Marinazhg: starting some bio needs work

{{Short description|Species of amphibian}}
{{Speciesbox
| taxon = Scutiger occidentalis
| authority = [[Alain Dubois|Dubois]], 1978
}}

'''''Scutiger occidentalis''''' is a species of [[toad]] found in the Western [[Himalayas]] of Pakistan ([[Gilgit Baltistan]]) and northwestern India ([[Ladakh]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]). It has often been treated as a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''[[Scutiger nyingchiensis]]'' (by, e.g., [[IUCN]] in 2004<ref name=IUCN/>), but molecular data show that these species are distinct. It is also known as the '''Ladakh high altitude toad''', '''Ladakh pelobatid toad''', '''western pelobatid toad''', or '''Asian lazy toad'''.<ref name=Frost/><ref name="Hofmann et al. 2017"/> It is the most western member of its genus.<ref name="Hofmann et al. 2017"/><ref name="Litvinchuk et al. 2019"/>

==Description==
A large-sized ''Scutiger'', adult males of ''S. occidentalis'' measure {{convert|57|-|70|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} and adult females {{convert|63|-|72|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} in [[snout–vent length]]. The snout is relatively short.<ref name="Khatiwada et al. 2019"/>

A [[Gosner stage]] 25 [[tadpole]] measured {{convert|8.9|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} in [[snout–vent length]] and {{convert|22.5|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} in total length.<ref name="Litvinchuk et al. 2019"/>

==Habitat and conservation==
''S. occidentalis'' inhabits high-mountain regions at elevations between {{convert|2680|and|4300|m|abbr=on}} [[above sea level]]. A tadpole was found from a 0.5-metre deep pool under a waterfall.<ref name="Litvinchuk et al. 2019"/>

As of October 2021, ''S. occidentalis'' has only been included in the [[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] as a synonym of ''S. nyingchiensis'',<ref>{{cite web | title = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/ | access-date = 23 October 2021}}</ref> corresponding to the western part of its range.<ref name="Litvinchuk et al. 2019"/> ''S. nyingchiensis'' was assessed as a "[[least-concern species]]" in 2004.<ref name=IUCN/>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Megophryidae/Leptobrachiinae/Scutiger/Scutiger-nyingchiensis |title=''Scutiger occidentalis'' Dubois, 1978 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2021 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |doi=10.5531/db.vz.0001 |access-date=23 October 2021}}</ref>

<ref name="Hofmann et al. 2017">{{cite journal |last1=Hofmann |first1=Sylvia |last2=Stöck |first2=Matthias |last3=Zheng |first3=Yuchi |last4=Ficetola |first4=Francesco G. |last5=Li |first5=Jia-Tang |last6=Scheidt |first6=Ulrich |last7=Schmidt |first7=Joachim |name-list-style=amp |title=Molecular phylogenies indicate a Paleo-Tibetan origin of Himalayan Lazy Toads (''Scutiger'') |journal=Scientific Reports |date=2017 |volume=7 |issue=1 |page=3308 |doi=10.1038/s41598-017-03395-4|doi-access=free |pmc=5468327 }}</ref>

<ref name=IUCN>{{Cite iucn | author = Fei Liang | author2 = Michael Wai Neng Lau | author3 = Sushil Dutta | author4 = Annemarie Ohler | author5 = Tej Kumar Shrestha |name-list-style=amp | title = ''Scutiger nyingchiensis'' | article-number = e.T57619A11664484 | date = 2004 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T57619A11664484.en }}</ref>

<ref name="Khatiwada et al. 2019">{{cite journal |last1=Khatiwada |first1=Janak Raj |last2=Shu |first2=Guocheng |last3=Subedi |first3=Tulsi Ram |last4=Wang |first4=Bin |last5=Ohler |first5=Annemarie |last6=Cannatella |first6=David C. |first7=Feng |last7=Xie |last8=Jiang |first8=Jianping |name-list-style=amp |title=A new species of megophryid frog of the genus ''Scutiger'' from Kangchenjunga Conservation Area, eastern Nepal |journal=Asian Herpetological Research |date=2019 |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=138–157 |doi=10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.180076 |url=http://www.ahr-journal.com/oa/DArticle.aspx?type=view&id=20190301}}</ref>

<ref name="Litvinchuk et al. 2019">{{cite journal |last1=Litvinchuk |first1=S. N. |last2=Melnikov |first2=D. A. |last3=Borkin |first3=L. J. |last4=Hofmann |first4=S. |name-list-style=amp |title=Rediscovery of the high altitude lazy toad, ''Scutiger occidentalis'' Dubois, 1978, in India |journal=Russian Journal of Herpetology |date=2019 |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=17–22 |doi=10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-1-17-22}}</ref>
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q66492757}}

[[Category:Scutiger (frog)|occidentalis]]
[[Category:Frogs of India]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Amphibians described in 1978]]
[[Category:Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN]] 
[[Category:Taxa named by Alain Dubois]]

Mayong, Assam

2026-02-28T02:20:21Z

Marinazhg: adding a data

{{other uses|Mayong (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Mayong
| other_name = Mayang
| nickname = Tinkal
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Assam#India
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Assam, India
| coordinates = {{coord|26|15|31.87|N|92|02|26.85|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Assam]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Morigaon district|Morigaon]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 913678
| registration_plate =AS
| website =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-AS]]
| footnotes =
}}
'''Mayong''' (or '''Mayang''') is a village in [[Morigaon district]], [[Assam]], [[India]]. It lies on the bank of the river [[Brahmaputra]], approximately {{convert|40|km|abbr=on}} from the city of [[Guwahati]]. Mayong is a tourist attraction because of its history.<ref name="cd">{{cite web |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090514/jsp/northeast/story_10958581.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090517040926/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090514/jsp/northeast/story_10958581.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 May 2009 |title=New light on land of black magic - Huge swords unearthed at Mayong in Assam point to human sacrifice |last=Rahman |first=Daulat |date=2009-05-14 |access-date=2009-08-23}}</ref>

==Etymology==
{{Original research|reason= The sources provided only offer a breakdown of the individual components of the town's name and their literal meanings. These meanings do not have any direct correlation with the actual name of the town.|date=July 2023}}
The origin of the name may be based in the [[Chutia people|Chutia]]/[[Tiwa (Lalung)|Tiwa]]/[[Deori language|Deori]] word ''Ma-yong'' which means ''mother'', the Kachari word for an elephant (''Miyong''), and ''ongo'' meaning ''part''.{{citation needed|date=February 2014}} Some believe that Manipuris from the Moirang clan used to inhabit this area therefore; the name Moirang became Mayhong with time.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newsgram.com/mayong-assam-the-land-of-myth-and-magic/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304121542/http://www.newsgram.com/mayong-assam-the-land-of-myth-and-magic/|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 March 2016|title = Mayong: A place in Assam where magic 'cures' diseases and helps catch thieves|date = 27 June 2015}}</ref>

==History==
Mayong along with Pragjyotishpura (the ancient name of Assam) find place in many epics, including the [[Mahabharata]]. Chief Ghatotkacha of [[Kachari Kingdom]] took part in [[Mahabharata war|The Great Battle of Mahabharata]] with his magical powers. It was also said about the Mayong that the Tantrik (one who knows tantra vidya) and the witches take shelter in mayong forest till now.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} Many tales of men disappearing into air, people being converted into animals, or beasts being magically tamed have been associated with Mayong.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}} Sorcery and magic were traditionally practiced and passed down over generations.

''Narabali'' or [[human sacrifice]]s were carried until the early modern period.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New light on land of black magic - Huge swords unearthed at Mayong in Assam point to human sacrifice |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/new-light-on-land-of-black-magic-huge-swords-unearthed-at-mayong-in-assam-point-to-human-sacrifice/cid/629252 |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.telegraphindia.com |language=en}}</ref> Excavators had recently dug up swords and other sharp weapons that resembled tools used for human sacrifice in other parts of [[India]], suggesting that human sacrifice may have occurred in the Ahom era in Mayong.

==Tourism==
Mayong is a tourist and archaeological location because of its rich [[wildlife]], archaeology pilgrimage, [[eco-tourism]], [[adventure tourism]], [[cultural tourism]] and river tourism.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mayong: A place in Assam where magic 'cures' diseases and helps catch thieves|date=27 June 2015|website=NewsGram|url=https://www.newsgram.com/mayong-assam-the-land-of-myth-and-magic/|access-date=20 February 2021|archive-date=21 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921112618/https://www.newsgram.com/mayong-assam-the-land-of-myth-and-magic|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mayong is also famous for its connection and past relationships with Black magic.

===Mayong Central Museum and Emporium===
There are numerous archaeological relics and artefacts, including books on Tantra Kriya and Ayurveda at the Mayong Central Museum and Emporium, which was opened in 2002.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1021101/asp/northeast/story_1342954.asp|title=Good Morning|date=2002-11-01|newspaper=The Telegraph|access-date=2009-08-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203653/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1021101/asp/northeast/story_1342954.asp|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-27 |title=Demystifying Black Magic: Mayong Village Museum and Research Centre, Assam |url=https://raiot.in/demystifying-black-magic-mayong-village-museum-and-research-centre-assam/ |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=RAIOT |language=en-US}}</ref> Very close to Mayong is the [[Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary]]. This Sanctuary has the highest density of one horned rhinoceros in the world.

==See also==
*[[Tourism in Assam]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Morigaon district]]
[[Category:Tourism in Assam]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Morigaon district]]

Lakshman Jagannath Vaidya

2026-02-13T13:32:23Z

Marinazhg: cleaned up layout and fixed typos

{{Short description|Dewan of Baroda (b. 1835)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
[[File:Lakshman Jagannath Vaidya circa 1889.jpg|thumb|Vaidya {{circa}} 1889]]

[[His Excellency]] '''Lakshman Jagannath Vaidya''' (born 1835), also spelt '''Laxuman Jagannath Vaidya'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lakshman Jagannath, Diwan of Baroda - National Portrait Gallery |url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw157556/Lakshman-Jagannath-Diwan-of-Baroda |access-date=2025-05-26 |website=www.npg.org.uk |language=en}}</ref> was [[Dewan Bahadur]] and the Dewan of [[Baroda State]] from 1886 to 1890.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Indian states: a biographical, historical, and administrative survey |date=2006 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=978-81-206-1965-4 |editor-last=Playne |editor-first=Somerset |edition=AES reprint |location=New Delhi |page=24 |editor-last2=Wright |editor-first2=Arnold}}</ref> He was the brother of [[Narayan Jagannath Vaidya]]. He belonged to the [[Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu|CKP]] community of [[Maharashtra]] and started a scholarship for the CKP students in 1887.<ref>{{cite book | title =Sanshodhak | publisher = Historian V.K.Rajwade Research center(mandal), Dhule, India| year =2015| author1= Mrudula Verma| author2= Sarjerao Bhamare|author3= Shripad Nandedkar|author4= Mokashi|page=1–14|quote=quote on page 1; Not much information is available about the early life of Narayan Jagannatha Vaidya. Narayan Jagannatha Vaidya belonged to the Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu(CKP) community of Maharashtra. His brother was the Diwan of Baroda state}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title = The Bombay University Calendar, Volume 2 |publisher = University of Bombay | year =1925| page=582|quote=Paper for the foundation of a Scholarship to be called " The Dewan Bahadur Lakshman Jagannath Vaidya Scholarship " and to be awarded to a Candidate of the Kayastha Prabhu community who passes the Matriculation Examination with the highest number..|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7k0mAQAAIAAJ&q=lakshman+jagannath+vaidya}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title = The Bombay University Calendar, Volume 1| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=YKc0AAAAMAAJ&q=lakshman+jagannath+vaidya&pg=PA490|page=490|quote=LAKSHMAN. JAGANNATH. VAIDYA. SCHOLARSHIP. The Secretary to the Kayastha Prabhu Educational Fund, Baroda, in a letter dated 2nd February 1887, offered to the University a sum of Rs. 5,000 in Government 4 per cent. Paper for the foundation of a Scholarship to be called " The Dewan Bahadur Lakshman Jagannath Vaidya Scholarship " and to be awarded to a Candidate of the Kayastha Prabhu community who passes the Matriculation Examination with the highest number|year = 1908}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Marathi people]]
[[Category:People from Maharashtra]]

{{India-noble-stub}}

Tara Sabharwal

2026-02-12T03:12:25Z

Marinazhg: starting initial article more to come

{{Short description|Indian painter and printer}}
{{COI|date=June 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox artist
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1957}}
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| field = [[Painting|Painter]], [[Printmaking|printer]]
| training =
| movement =
| works =
| patrons =
| awards =
| url =
}}

'''Tara Sabharwal''' (born 1957, New Delhi<ref name="Art Alive Gallery">{{cite web|url=http://www.artalivegallery.com/artists.php?cat=artists&scat=150|title=Art Alive Gallery -Artist Biography|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="Janzen Galerie">{{cite web|url=http://www.janzen-galerie.de/03kuenstler/sabharwal_tara/sabharwal_tara.htm#a_bio|title=Janzen Art Consulting|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref>) is an [[Indian people|Indian]]-born, US-based painter and printmaker. Known for her colorful, subtly layered paintings, Sabharwal has had 42 solo shows in the UK, US, India, among others. She has received several awards, including the Joan Mitchell CALL (Creating a Living Legacy),<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://joanmitchellfoundation.org/artist-programs/call/artists/tara-sabharwal|title=Joan Mitchell Foundation CALL (Creating a Living Legacy)|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> The British Council Scholarship,<ref name="Art Alive Gallery" /> and the Gottlieb Foundation awards.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://vermontstudiocenter.org/calendar/tara-sabharwal|title=Vermont Studio Center|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> Her work is in the collection of The British Museum,<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details/collection_image_gallery.aspx?assetId=1613256421&objectId=3752036&partId=1#more-views|title=The British Museum|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=1 November 2019}}</ref> [[Victoria and Albert Museum]],<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O481970/collage-sabharwal-tara/|title=Victoria and Albert Museum|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> and the Peabody Essex Museum<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://www.iaac.us/art_exhibition/t_sabharwal/bio.htm|title=Indo American Arts Council|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> among others.

==Education and career==
Sabharwal studied painting at M.S University (Baroda, India) 1975–1980, and received her master's degree at the Royal College of Art (London, UK) in 1982–1984.<ref name="Art Alive Gallery" /> She returned to India from 1985 to 1988 and had shows in Delhi and Mumbai and London. From 1988 to 1990 she returned to UK for fellowships, teaching and solo shows. In 1990 Sabharwal visited New York and settled there, while continuing to work and show in the UK and India. She has taught at the Guggenheim museum, Rubin museum, CUNY, Studio in a school, and The Cooper Union in New York City.<ref name=":4" />

== Selected exhibitions ==

* ''An Ocean of Galaxies'', Aidron Duckworth Museum, New Hampshire, (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aidronduckworthmuseum.org/guest-artist-program|title=Adrian Duckworth Museum|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* ''Float'', Wilmer Jennings gallery, New York (2018) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kenkeleba.org/exhibition|title=Kenkeleba House Past Exhibitions|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508173158/https://www.kenkeleba.org/exhibition|archive-date=8 May 2019|access-date=|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''The Open Window'', Art Alive Gallery, New Delhi (2017)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artalivegallery.com/shows.php?cat=shows&scat=&show_display=154|title=Art Alive gallery – The open Window 2017|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* ''A PARTners'', Gertrude Herbert Institute of Art, Georgia US (2017)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghia.org/events/tara-sabharwal-partners|title=A PARTners – Gertrude Herbert Institute of Art|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225170141/https://www.ghia.org/events/tara-sabharwal-partners|archive-date=25 February 2021|access-date=11 November 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''In Other Rooms'', Art Alive Gallery, New Delhi (2013)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.artalivegallery.com/shows.php?cat=shows&scat=&show_display=98|title=Art Alive gallery – In other Rooms 2013|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* ''Such Different Paths'', Galerie Martina Janzen, Düsseldorf (2010)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.janzen-galerie.de/02ausstellungen/austellungen/2013/ts_paths/ts_paths.htm|title=Such Different Paths Exhibition|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* ''Light and the Labrynth'', Center for International Cultural exchange, Katsuyama, Japan (2008)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hishioarts.com/en/exhibition-events/past-exhibitions/tara-sabharwal/|title=Light in a Labyrinth|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* ''Life Journeys'', V.M. gallery, Karachi, (2007)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/233235/karachi-life-s-journeys-at-v-m-art-gallery|title=KARACHI: Life's journeys at V.M. Art gallery|last=|first=|date=17 February 2007|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* ''The Dream of Waking Consciousness'', Art Heritage Gallery New Delhi (2005)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://artasiamerica.org/documents/3956|title=Artasiamerica – A Dream of Waking Consciousness|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* ''Wandering'', Michael Oess Galerie, Konstanz, Germany (2003)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theartstable.co.uk/gallery/tara_sabharwal.php|title=The Art Stable|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111232513/https://www.theartstable.co.uk/gallery/tara_sabharwal.php|archive-date=11 November 2019|access-date=11 November 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''Gentle Shade'', Rebecca Hossack Gallery, (London) (1994)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rebeccahossack.com/usr/documents/press/download_url/524/southern-cross-1995.pdf|title=Southern Cross 1995|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* ''Visions'', Laing Art Gallery, (Newcastle UK) (1990)<ref name=":4" />
* Recent Works, Art Heritage Gallery New Delhi <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://artasiamerica.org/documents/3953/66|title=Art Heritage Gallery 1987|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>

== Selected awards ==

* 1982 British Council Scholarship and travel grants (London, UK).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://artasiamerica.org/artist/detail/66|title=Arts Asia America|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* 1988 Myles Meehan fellowship (Darlington, UK)<ref name=":3" />
* 1989 Durham Cathedral fellowship (Durham, UK).<ref name=":3" />
* 2015 CALL, (Creating a Living legacy award) Joan Mitchell foundation, (NYC, USA)<ref name=":0" />
* 2016 Individual support grant, Gottlieb Foundation (NYC, US).<ref name=":1" />
* 2017 Artist in Residence, Atelierhaus Beisinghoff (Kassel, Germany)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://atelierhausbeisinghoff.blogspot.com/|title=Atelierhaus Beisinghoff Residents|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* 2018 Belt and Road Project, Guanlan printmaking base, (Shinzhen, China)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tarasabharwal.com/bio-cv|title=Tara Sabharwal Bio|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* 2019 Visiting Artist Vermont Studio Center, (Virginia, USA)<ref name=":1" />
* 2019 Residency, MassMoca, (MA, USA) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://massmoca.org/events/studios|title=Mass Moca Current Residents|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>

== Selected collections ==

* MONA, Museum of Nebraska Art (NE, USA)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mona.unk.edu/mona/?s=Tara+Sabharwal|title=MONA Collection|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>
* The British Museum (London, UK)<ref name=":2" />
* The [[New York Public Library|New York Public library]] (NYC, USA)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://1bd7a27a-1414-4939-93da-1da86c0bc591.filesusr.com/ugd/fa0736_c6dde3efcc904517bd5083b6c6f8aa26.pdf|title=Art Alive gallery Catalogue 2017|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* Victoria and Albert Museum (UK, USA)<ref name=":3" />
* [[Peabody Essex Museum]] (MA, USA)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.janzen-galerie.de/03kuenstler/sabharwal_tara/sabharwal_tara.htm|title=Martina Janzen Gallery|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* Library of Congress (D.C, USA)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iaac.us/erasing_borders2007/t_sabharwal/bio_1.htm|title=Erasing Borders: Indian Artists in the Diaspora|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>

== Videos ==

* [https://vimeo.com/230276297 Another Kind of Space], Women's Studio Workshop, 2018
* [https://vimeo.com/261523072 VoCa Talk], Voices of Contemporary Art, NYC, Nov 2017 at Fales Library, NYU.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.voca.network/blog/2018/01/16/callvoca-talk-tara-sabharwal/|title=Call Voca Talk|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>
* [https://vimeo.com/4881948 ''From Hishio: Tara Sabharwal''], Artist Residency at Center for International Cultural Exchange, HISHIO, Japan, video by Tom Dean, 2008

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sabharwal, Tara}}
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:Women artists from Delhi]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Painters from Delhi]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian painters]]
[[Category:Indian expatriates in the United States]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women painters]]

G. Suresh Kumar

2026-02-07T22:25:19Z

Marinazhg: started the biography needs work...

{{Short description|Indian film producer}}
{{BLP sources|date=May 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = G.Suresh Kumar
| image = Suresh Kumar at IFFK.jpg
| caption = Suresh Kumar at the 2022 [[International Film Festival of Kerala]]
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Trivandrum]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]
| education = [[Bachelor of Commerce]], [[University of Kerala]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Film producer|actor}}
| years_active = 1982–present
| spouse = {{Marriage| [[Menaka (actress)|Menaka]] |1987}}
| children = 2 (incl. [[Keerthy Suresh]])
}}

'''G. Suresh Kumar''' is an Indian film producer and actor known for ''[[Poochakkoru Mookkuthi]]'' and ''[[Aaraam Thampuran]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|title=A new home for the film producers of Kerala|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/kochi/a-new-home-for-the-film-producers-of-kerala/articleshow/70244253.cms|access-date=2022-09-11|newspaper=The Times of India|language=en|date=16 July 2019}}</ref> He produces films under the banner [[Revathy Kalamandhir]] an Indian film [[production company]] based in [[Thiruvananthapuram]] which is founded in 1993 by him and he produced more than 32 Malayalam films under this banner.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Is Keerthy Suresh planning to turn a producer? Read here - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/is-keerthy-suresh-planning-to-turn-a-producer-read-here/articleshow/77912238.cms|access-date=2021-10-19|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=All you want to know about #GSureshkumar|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/g-sureshkumar.html|access-date=2021-09-28|website=FilmiBeat|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=It's a bid to destroy Dileep: producer Suresh Kumar|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2017/08/06/producer-suresh-kumar-dileep-actres-attack.html|access-date=2021-09-28|website=OnManorama}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Malayalam film industry to go on strike from June 1 onwards |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/malayalam-film-industry-to-go-on-strike-from-june-1-onwards/article69188546.ece |website=The Hindu |language=en-IN |date=6 February 2025}}</ref>

==Early and personal life==
Kumar completed his bachelor's in commerce from [[Kerala University]] in [[Trivandrum]]. He married [[Menaka (actress)|Menaka]], an Indian actress who appeared in more than 125 films. The pair have two daughters named [[Keerthy Suresh]], an actress, and Revathy Suresh who is an associate director to [[Priyadarshan|Priyadarsan]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=nirmal|title='രാജഭരണകാലത്ത് രാജാവ് പോലും ചെയ്യില്ല ഇത്'; ചലച്ചിത്ര അവാര്‍ഡ് വിതരണ രീതിയെ വിമര്‍ശിച്ച് സുരേഷ് കുമാര്‍|url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment-news/g-suresh-kumar-criticises-state-film-award-distribution-function-qnr1h7|access-date=2021-09-28|website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd|language=ml}}</ref>

== Career ==
Kumar started his career in film as an assistant director with the Malayalam feature film named [[Thiranottam]] in 1978. By 1982, he started producing feature films under the banner Sooryodaya Creations. Then he produced about 32 Malayalam-language films under his current banner [[Revathy Kalamandhir|Revathy Kalaamandhir]]. Besides producing films, Suresh started his career in acting in 2015 and as of the year 2021<ref>{{Cite web|last=sreekumar|first=priya|date=2017-01-15|title=Producer Suresh Kumar turns actor|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/150117/producer-suresh-kumar-turns-actor.html|access-date=2021-09-28|website=Deccan Chronicle|language=en}}</ref> he appeared in 21 films as an actor.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tovino Thomas' next to have G Suresh Kumar in a pivotal role - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/tovino-thomas-next-to-have-g-suresh-kumar-in-a-pivotal-role/articleshow/61978992.cms|access-date=2021-09-28|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ഫിലിം ചേമ്പറിന്റെ പുതിയ ഭാരവാഹികളെ പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചു; പ്രസിഡന്റ് ജി. സുരേഷ് കുമാര്‍|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/remote-stories/kerala-film-chamber-new-president-producer-g-suresh-kumar-selected-1.5491375|access-date=2021-09-28|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en|archive-date=28 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928130719/https://www.mathrubhumi.com/remote-stories/kerala-film-chamber-new-president-producer-g-suresh-kumar-selected-1.5491375|url-status=dead}}</ref> He is the President of Kerala Film Chamber of Commerce.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-12-30|title=Malayalam film industry to face next bout of crisis in the New Year|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/151230/entertainment-mollywood/article/malayalam-film-industry-next-crisis|access-date=2021-10-19|website=Deccan Chronicle|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title='Star power still drives Mollywood' - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/star-power-still-drives-mollywood/articleshow/69690133.cms|access-date=2021-10-19|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=M. K. Sunil Kumar|date=27 September 2021|title=Cinemas prepare for reopening in Kerala {{!}} Kochi News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/cinemas-prepare-for-reopening-in-kerala/articleshow/86546434.cms|access-date=2021-10-19|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Big budget Malayalam movies unlikely to release soon after theatre reopening|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2021/10/04/big-budget-malayalam-movies-unlikely-to-release-soon-after-theatre-reopening.html|access-date=2021-10-19|website=OnManorama}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=M. K. Sunil Kumar|date=27 September 2021|title=Cinemas prepare for reopening in Kerala {{!}} Kochi News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/cinemas-prepare-for-reopening-in-kerala/articleshow/86546434.cms|access-date=2021-09-28|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=CUE|first=THE|title=തുറന്ന സമരത്തിന് സിനിമാ മേഖല, ഡ്രാക്കോണിയൻ നിയമം അനുവദിക്കില്ലെന്ന് ജി.സുരേഷ് കുമാർ|url=https://www.thecue.in/film-news/2021/07/02/g-sureshkumar-against-cinematograph-act|access-date=2021-09-28|website=The Cue|language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-30|title='രാജഭരണ കാലത്തു പോലും നടക്കാത്ത സംഭവം': ചലച്ചിത്ര പുരസ്കാര ജേതാക്കളെ സർക്കാർ അപമാനിച്ചെന്ന് ജി.സുരേഷ് കുമാർ|url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/cm-pinarayi-vijayan-disrespected-actors-at-the-film-award-ceremony-says-producer-g-suresh-kumar-rv-342845.html|access-date=2021-09-28|website=News18 Malayalam|language=ml}}</ref> He made an embarking role in the film ''[[Marakkar: Lion of the Arabian Sea]]'' as Kochi Raja.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hymavathi|first=Ravali|date=2020-03-06|title=The Outstanding Trailer Of 'Marakkar - The Lion Of Arabian Sea' Movie Is Out|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/tollywood/the-outstanding-trailer-of-marakkar--the-lion-of-arabian-sea-movie-is-out-610100|access-date=2021-10-03|website=www.thehansindia.com|language=en}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
=== Producer ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
!Year !!Title !! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
|1982
|''[[Coolie (1983 Malayalam film)|Coolie]]''
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |1984
|''[[Poochakkoru Mookkuthi|Poochakkoru Mookuthi]]''
|
|-
|''[[Odaruthammava Aalariyam]]''
|
|-
|1985
|''[[Akkare Ninnoru Maran]]''
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |1986
|''[[Ayalvasi Oru Daridravasi]]''
|
|-
|''[[Aram + Aram = Kinnaram]]''
|
|-
|''Rakuyilin Ragasadasil''
|
|-
|1987
|''Viswasichalum Illenkilum''
|
|-
|1989
|''[[Charithram]]''
|
|-
|1990
|''[[Vishnulokam]]''
|
|-
|1993
|''[[Butterflies (1993 film)|Butterflies]]''
|
|-
|1994
|''[[Kashmeeram]]''
|
|-
|1995
|''[[Thakshashila]]''
|
|-
|1997
|''[[Aaraam Thampuran]]''
|
|-
|1999
|''[[Kannezhuthi Pottum Thottu|Kanezhuthi Pottum Thottu]]''
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2000
|''[[Pilots (film)|Pilots]]''
|
|-
|''[[Cover Story (2000 film)|Cover Story]]''
|
|-
|2001
|''[[Achaneyanenikkishtam]]''
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2002
|''Shivam''
|
|-
|Kadha
|
|-
|''[[Kuberan (2002 film)|Kuberan]]''
|
|-
|2004
|''[[Vettam]]''
|
|-
|2006
|''[[Mahasamudram]]''
|
|-
|2008
|''[[Pachamarathanalil]]''
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2009
|''[[Seetha Kalyanam (2009 film)|Seetha Kalyanam]]''
|
|-
|''[[Neelathamara (2009 film)|Neelathamara]]''
|
|-
|2011
|''[[Rathinirvedam (2011 film)|Rathinirvedam]]''
|
|-
|2012
|''[[Chattakkari (2012 film)|Chattakkari]]''
|
|-
|2017
|''[[Matchbox (2017 film)|Match Box]]''
|
|-
|2022
|''[[Vaashi (2022 film)|Vaashi]]''
|
|}

=== Actor ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
!Year !! Title !! Role !! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 1990 || ''[[No.20 Madras Mail]]'' || ||
|-
| 2015 || ''[[Njan Samvidhanam Cheyyum]]''|| ||
|-
| 2017 || ''[[Ramaleela]]'' || || <ref>{{Cite web|title=Suresh Kumar debuts as actor - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/suresh-kumar-debuts-as-actor/articleshow/56598842.cms|access-date=2021-10-19|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2018 || ''Pacha'' || ||
|-
|| ''[[Aanakkallan]]'' || [[Chief minister (India)|C.M.]] C.P Ramachandran||
|-
|| ''[[Oru Kuprasidha Payyan]]'' || Judge Jayadevan ||
|-
| rowspan="8" | 2019 || ''[[Irupathiyonnaam Noottaandu|Irupathonnaam Noottaandu]]'' || Zaya's father ||
|-
|| ''Naan Petta Makan'' || ||
|-
|| ''[[Mera Naam Shaji]]'' || Thomas Parangadi Moran ||
|-
|| ''[[Jack & Daniel]]'' || DGP ||
|-
|| ''[[Madhura Raja]]'' || Minister Koshy ||
|-
|| ''[[Sathyam Paranja Viswasikkuvo]]'' || Geetha's father ||
|-
|| ''[[Mamangam (film)|Mamangam]]'' || Mamangam announcer ||
|-
|| ''2403 ft.'' || Anoto Joseph ||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 2021 || ''[[Marakkar: Lion of the Arabian Sea]]'' || Kochi Raja ||
|-
|| ''[[Divorce (2023 film)|Divorce]]'' || ||
|-
|| ''[[Meri Awas Suno]]'' || Dr. Venugopal ||<ref>{{Cite web|title=Manju Warrier plays a doctor in Prajesh Sen's Meri Awaz Suno|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2021/aug/28/manju-warrier-plays-a-doctor-in-prajesh-sens-meri-awaz-suno-2350730.html|access-date=2021-10-03|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Thimiram]]'' || ||
|-
|| ''Bermuda'' || ||
|-
|| ''[[Ellam Sheriyakum|Ellam Shariyakum]]'' || Sukumaran Nair ||
|-
| 2022 || ''[[CBI 5: The Brain]]'' || Home Minister Abdul Samad ||
|-
| 2023 || ''[[Kolaambi]]'' || Varghese ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nithya Menen-starrer Kolaambi's trailer is here |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/mar/24/nithya-menen-starrer-kolaambis-trailer-is-here-41494.html |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 2024 || ''[[Hunt (2024 film)|Hunt]]'' || Dr. Narayanacharya Potti || <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhavana Menon teams up with Kaapa director Shaji Kailas for a thriller titled Hunt |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/bhavana-menon-teams-up-with-kaapa-prithviraj-sukumaran-director-shaji-kailas-for-a-thriller-titled-hunt-2321146-2023-01-13 |access-date=2023-02-01 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 2026 || {{Pending film| Ee Thani Niram}} || {{TableTBA}} ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-28 |title=Anoop Menon's Ee Thani Niram gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2026/Jan/28/anoop-menons-ee-thani-niram-gets-a-release-date |access-date=2026-02-02 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2 {{TBA}} || {{Pending film| Veekam}} || {{TBA}} ||
|-
| {{Pending film| [[Ram (film)|Ram]]}} || {{TBA}} ||
|-
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|id=1622255}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumar, G.Suresh}}
[[Category:1959 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian film producers]]
[[Category:University of Kerala alumni]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]

Choti Sarrdaarni

2026-02-05T12:35:25Z

Marinazhg:

{{Short description|Indian television drama series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Chotisarrdaarnilogo.jpeg
| genre = [[Romance film|Romance]] [[Melodrama]]
| creator = Ranjeev Verma
Nitu Verma
| writer =
| story = Ranjeev Verma Nitu Verma Faizal Akhter Pallavi Mehta
| screenplay = Rahul Pandey '''Dialogues''' Rajesh Chawla
| director = Jaladh K. Sharma Rajeev Srivastava
| creative_director = Pushpa Porwal
&
Richa Singh Gautam
| starring = [[#Cast|See below]]
| theme_music_composer = Nishant Raja
| opentheme =
| endtheme =
| composer = Monu Music India
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 810
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer =
| producer = Rajesh Ram Singh Pradeep Kumar Piya Bajpayee Shaika Parween
| editor = Paresh Shah Ayan Hashmi
| camera = [[Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 20–25 minutes
| company = Cockcrow and Shaika Entertainment
| network = [[Colors TV]]
| first_aired = {{start date|df=yes|2019|7|1}}
| last_aired = {{end date|df=yes|2022|6|10}}
| related = {{ubl|''[[Uyire (TV series)|Uyire]]''|''[[Hoo Male]]''}}
}}

'''''Choti Sarrdaarni''''' ({{Translation|''Young Sarrdaarni''}}) is an Indian [[Hindi language]] [[drama series|romantic drama television series]] produced by Cockcrow and Shaika Entertainment. It premiered on 1 July 2019 on [[Colors TV]] and ended on 10 June 2022 completing 810 episodes. It starred [[Nimrit Kaur Ahluwalia]], [[Avinesh Rekhi]] and [[Mahir Pandhi]].

==Plot==
Carefree and bubbly, Meher Kaur Dhillon falls in love with Manav Sharma who dream's to become an IAS and gets pregnant with his child. Meher's mother, Kulwant Kaur Dhillon, who is sarpanch of the village, and also a very proud and arrogant woman refuses to accept financially unstable Manav and thus stabs him and throws him into a river. She forces Meher to marry Sarabjit Singh Gill, the widowed president of Amritsar, who also has a 5-year-old son Paramjit so that she could become the MLA and also ensure Meher gets married into a rich and secure family. To save her unborn child from Kulwant, Meher agrees to the marriage.

On the wedding night, Meher reveals her pregnancy to Sarab, who initially gets very upset. Meher however develops a very close bond with Param. Meher intends to leave the two and reside in Serbia with her unborn son, however, she and Sarab realize their love for each other. Sarab accepts her child. Sarab's sister, Harleen finds out the truth about Meher's pregnancy and pretends to accept it for Sarab. Meher gives birth to a son, Karanjit Singh Gill. Harleen and Sarab's half-sister, Aditi, come into Sarab and Meher's life, along with her fiance Vikram (who turns out to be Manav itself). Many trials and tribulations occur, including the fight over Karan's custody, nonetheless, everything is sorted out in the end. Aditi and Manav fall in love and marry and Karan remains with Sarab and Meher. Later on, Meher is jailed for the allegation of murdering her brother Jagga and Sarab fails to save her.

===5 years later===
After completing her sentence, Meher resides in Kashmir with her daughter, Seher. Sarab, Karan and Param return to India from abroad and meet them unexpectedly. Later, it is revealed that the Gills' accountant, Tarkash killed Jagga to get some past revenge from Meher and gets jailed. Sarab reconciles with Meher, and also accepts Seher. He also unites Meher with her living father, Trilochan Singh Dhillon, who Meher thought was dead all these years. However sadly later, Sarab and Meher both die in a car accident.

===16 years later===
Param, Karan and Seher are grown up. Seher bestfriends Rajveer Singh Babbar, who immediately falls in love with her. However, Seher is already engaged to her lover, Kunal Malhotra, who is later killed by Rajveer's CM sister, Harshdeep. Finally, Seher and Rajveer marry and soon fall in love. Rajveer leaves Harshdeep upon knowing she killed Kunal, and moves to the Gill mansion. It is revealed that Seher's cousin, Khushi Bajwa loved Rajveer and also had a 4-year-old child named Prince whose real father is her friend Avinash Gupta. After Khushi leaves, Seher and Rajveer adopt Prince.

Kulwant reveals to Seher about her illegitimate granddaughter, Mannat Kaur who was left by her due to social fear. Grown up, she now lives in Dalhousie with her mother Harnoor, who later dies after revealing to Mannat about Dhillons. Seher decides to get Mannat back. Mannat comes across Dolly's grandson, Zorawar Singh Randhawa in Dalhousie, and then arrives in [[Attari]] to live with Gills and Dhillons, hiding her identity. Later, Kulwant finds Mannat's truth and reunites with her. Eventually, Seher and others too find that Mannat is Bittu and Harnoor's daughter.

Later, Zorawar and Mannat falls in love with each other. However, Kulwant decides to get Mannat married to Nirvair and Dolly decides to get Zorawar married to Scarlet. However, Kulwant later gives in to Mannat's demands and gets her married to Zorawar. The family comes together and clicks a family photo alongside the portrait of Sarab and Meher while Choti Sarrdaarni comes to an end.

==Cast==
===Main===
*[[Nimrit Kaur Ahluwalia]] as
** Meher Kaur Dhillon Gill: Kulwant and Trilochan's daughter; Jagga, Bittu and Rana's sister; Manav's ex-lover; Sarab's wife; Karan and Seher's mother; Param's step-mother (2019-2021)
** Seher Kaur Gill Babbar: Meher and Sarab's daughter; Param and Karan's half-sister; Rajveer's wife; Prince's adoptive mother (2021-2022)
*** Kevina Tak as Child Seher Kaur Gill (2021)
*[[Avinesh Rekhi]] as Sarabjeet "Sarab" Singh Gill: Smriti and Sukhwinder's son; Harleen's brother; Aditi's half-brother; Simran's widower; Meher's husband; Param and Seher's father; Karan's step-father (2019-2021)
* [[Mahir Pandhi]] as Rajveer "Raj" Singh Babbar: Devender's son; Harshdeep's brother; Seher's husband; Prince's adoptive father (2021-2022)
* [[Amandeep Sidhu]] as Mannat Kaur Dhillon Randhawa: Harnoor and Bittu's daughter; Jeeto's step-daughter; Gullu's half-sister; Zorawar's wife (2022)
** Zara Khan as Child Mannat Kaur Dhillon (2021-2022)
* [[Gaurav S Bajaj]] as Zorawar Singh Randhawa: Simrat and Inderpal's son; Kiara's brother; Mannat's husband (2022)
** Vihaan Thakkar as Child Zorawar Singh Randhawa (2022)

===Recurring===
*[[Anita Raj]] as Kulwant Kaur Dhillon: Trilochan's widow; Jagga, Bittu, Ranna and Meher's mother; Yuvi, Karan, Seher, Mannat, Gullu and Cherry's grandmother (2019–2022)
*[[Shehzada Dhami]] / [[Vineet Raina]] / Hitanshu Jinsi as Paramjeet "Param" Singh Gill: Sarab and Simran's son; Meher's step-son; Seher's half-brother; Karan's step-brother; Devika's ex-fiancé (2021) / (2021–2022) / (2022)
** Aekam Binjwe as Teenage Param Singh Gill (2021)
** Kevina Tak as Child Param Singh Gill (2019–2021)
*Adhik Mehta as Karanjeet "Karan" Singh Gill: Meher and Manav's son; Sarab's step-son; Seher's half-brother; Param's step-brother (2021-2022)
** Gaurika Sharma as Child Karan Singh Gill (2021)
** Aayat Khan as Baby Karan Singh Gill (2020–2021)
*[[Varun Toorkey]] as Kunal Malhotra: Seher's ex-fiancé (2021) (Dead)
*[[Apara Mehta]] as Manmita Chaddha: Seher, Karan and Param's caretaker; Tricky's grandmother (2021)
* Prince Rochlani as Tricky Chaddha: Manmita's grandson; Param, Karan and Seher's brother-figure (2021)
* [[Mansi Sharma]] / Simran Sachdeva as Harleen Kaur Gill Bajwa: Smriti and Sukhwinder's daughter; Sarab's sister; Aditi's half-sister; Robbie's wife; Khushi's mother; Prince's grandmother (2019; 2021–2022) / (2019–2021)
* Krishna Soni as Rubinder "Robbie" Bajwa: Vidita's son; Ginni's brother; Harleen's husband; Khushi's father; Prince's grandfather (2019–2022)
* Sheetal Ranjankar / Jazz Sodhi as Khushi Bajwa: Harleen and Robbie's daughter; Avinash's former lover; Prince's mother (2022)
** Hanshika Rajput as Child Khushi Bajwa (2019–2021)
* Het Patel / Laksh Pravin Jain / Ravya Sadhwani as Diljit "Prince" Singh Babbar: Khushi and Avinash's son; Seher and Rajveer's adopted son (2022)
* Arjun Singh Shekhawat as Avinash Gupta: Khushi's best friend and lover; Prince's father (2022)
* [[Hitesh Bharadwaj]] as Manav Sharma: Surya and Seema's foster son; Meher's ex-lover; Aditi's husband; Karan's father (2019–2021)
* Drishti Garewal as Dr. Aditi Kaur Gill Sharma: Sukhwinder's daughter; Harleen and Sarab's half-sister; Manav's wife (2020–2021)
* Astha Agarwal as Kiara Kaur Randhawa: Simrat and Inderpal's daughter; Zorawar's sister (2022)
* [[Dolly Minhas]] as Daljeet "Dolly" Shregill Randhawa: Jolly and Smriti's sister; Inderpal's mother; Kiara and Zorawar's grandmother (2019–2022)
* Karan Mehat as Inderpal Singh Randhawa: Dolly's son; Simrat's husband; Kiara and Zorawar's father (2022)
* Harleen Kaur Rekhi as Simrat Kaur Randhawa: Inderpal's wife; Kiara and Zorawar's mother (2022)
* Amal Sehrawat as Jagjit "Jagga" Singh Dhillon: Kulwant and Trilochan's eldest son; Bittu, Ranna and Meher's brother; Amrita's husband; Yuvi's father (2019–2021) (Dead)
* Abhilasha Jakhar as Amrita Kaur Dhillon: Jagga's widow; Yuvi's mother (2019–2021) (Dead)
* Ravi Chhabra as Yuvraj "Yuvi" Singh Dhillon: Amrita and Jagga's son (2021)
** Advit Sood as Child Yuvi Singh Dhillon (2019–2021)
** Dhan Tejas as Teenage Yuvi Singh Dhillon (2021)
* Abhishek Jangra as Baljeet "Bittu" Singh Dhillon: Kulwant and Trilochan's second son; Jagga, Ranna and Meher's brother; Harnoor's former lover; Jeeto's husband; Mannat and Gullu's father (2019–2022)
* Yuvleen Kaur as Jeevani "Jeeto" Kaur Dhillon: Bittu's wife; Gullu's mother; Mannat's step-mother (2019–2022)
* Raanav Sharma as Gulzar "Gullu" Singh Dhillon: Jeeto and Bittu's son; Mannat's half-brother (2021–2022)
* [[Abhianshu Vohra]] as Ranbir "Ranna" Singh Dhillon: Kulwant and Trilochan's youngest son; Jagga, Bittu and Meher's brother; Ginni's husband; Cherry's father (2019–2022)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://gossipchimp.com/choti-sarrdaarni-fame-abhianshu-vohra-talks-about-missing-everyone-on-the-set-says-we-all-had-become-like-a-family-telly-updates/ | title=Choti Sarrdaarni Fame Abhianshu Vohra Talks About Lacking Everybody on the Set; Says, All of Us Had Turn Out to be Like a Household - Telly Updates » GossipChimp | Trending K-Drama, TV, Gaming News | date=25 August 2021 }}</ref>
* Jinal Jain / [[Geetika Mehandru]] as Ginni Bajwa Kaur Dhillon: Vidita's daughter; Robbie's sister; Ranna's wife; Cherry's mother (2019–2022) <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/television/celebrities/will-enter-choti-sarrdaarni-bang-geetika-mehandru/2020/07/06 | title=I will enter Choti Sarrdaarni with a bang: Geetika Mehandru | date=6 July 2020 }}</ref>
* Ravya Sadhwani as Chahat "Cherry" Kaur Dhillon: Ginni and Ranna's daughter (2021–2022)
*Mandeep Bamra / Acherr Bharadwaj as Nikhil Deol: Anurita's brother; Rajveer's friend (2021)
*[[Neha Rana]] as Anurita Deol: Nikhil's sister; Param and Karan's love interest (2021)
* Aryan Arora as Gagandeep "Gagan" Jamwal: Seher's best friend (2021)
*[[Vibha Chibber]] as Harshdeep Kaur Babbar Gadgill: Devender's daughter; Rajveer's sister; Kulbir's wife (2021)
*Sanjay Mangnani as Bobby Verma: Harshdeep's employee; Dimpy's husband (2021)
*Heena Soni as Dimple "Dimpy" Verma: Harshdeep's employee; Bobby's wife (2021)
*Mamta Luthra / [[Alka Kaushal|Alka Badola Kaushal]] as Rimple Kaur Babbar: Balwinder's wife (2021)
* Raju Pandit as Balwinder Singh Babbar: Devender's brother; Rimple's husband (2021)
* Piya Valecha as Dr. Gayatri Sahni: Seher and Rajveer's doctor (2021)
* Puja Sharma as Nimrat "Nimmi" Bhullar: Seher's friend (2021)
* Dimple Bagroy as Gillori: The lady who mistreated orphanage kids (2021)
* Ayesha Singh as Malani Gandhi: Air hostess (2021)
* Rutuja Sawant as Devika / Malaika: Param's ex-fiancée (2022)
* Alika Nair / Anjali Gupta as Harnoor Sandhu: Bittu's former lover; Mannat's mother (2022) (Dead)
* Jassi Kapoor as Inspector Gunwant "GST" Singh Tawde: Mannat's friend (2022)
* Rishikesh Ingley as Akhil Arora: Zorawar's manager (2022)
* Irina Rudakova as Scarlet: Zorawar's ex-fiancée (2022)
* Neha Narang as Preeti (2019)
*[[Puneet Issar]] as Beant Singh Gill: Sukhwinder's brother; Amrit's husband (2021)
* Rinku Dhawan as Amrit Kaur Gill: Beant's wife (2021)
* [[Abhishek Rawat]] as Shekhar Ram Kaul: Meher and Seher's landlord in Kashmir (2021)
* Shivangi Verma as Samaira Sethi: Sarab's colleague (2021)
* Ramnitu Chaudhery as Saloni Majumdar: Sarab's college friend (2021)
* [[Neelu Kohli]] as Vidita Bajwa: Robbie and Ginni's mother; Khushi and Cherry's grandmother; Prince's great-grandmother (2020)
* Kaushal Kapoor as Surya Diwan: Seema's husband; Vikram's father; Manav's foster father (2020) (Dead)
* Vishavpreet Kaur as Seema Diwan: Surya's widow; Vikram's mother; Manav's foster mother (2020)
* [[Richa Soni]] as DSP Tara Singh Chautala (2019)
* Ranjeev Verma as Jolly Shergill: Dolly and Smriti's brother (2019)
* [[Avtar Gill]] as Avtaar Kohli: Neerja's husband; Simran's father; Param's grandfather (2019)
* Vineeta Malik as Neerja Kohli: Avtaar's wife; Simran's mother; Param's grandmother (2019)
* Shivendraa Om Saainiyol as Tarkash: Gill family accountant; Arati's husband; Ritu's father; Jagga's murderer (2019–2021)
* Bhavini Gandhi as Arati: Tarkash's wife; Ritu's mother (2020–2021)
* Krisha Pandirkar as Ritu: Tarkash and Arati's daughter; Param and Yuvi's friend (2020–2021)
* [[Delnaaz Irani]] as Kristan Martha: Meher and Sarab's boss in Serbia (2020)
* [[Shivani Gosain]] as Vijeyta Malik: Income tax officer (2019)
* Jai Vats as Dr. Surinder Sodhi (2020)
* [[Ahmad Harhash]] as Sameer Arora (2019)
* [[Mala Salariya]] as Dr. Sanjana Shinde (2020)
* Prakhar Shukla as Blackmailer (2020)
* Ram Yashvardhan as Police Inspector Rajan Chautala: Sandhya's enemy who framed Meher (2021)
* [[Kratika Sengar]] as Sandhya Shastri: Meher's friend; Sameer's wife; Param, Karan and Seher's guardian (2021)
* [[Ankit Gera]] as Sameer Shastri: Sandhya's husband (2021)
* Tabrez Khan as Pratap: Sandhya's brother (2021)

===Special appearances===
* Unknown as Simran Kohli Kaur Gill: Neerja and Avtaar's daughter; Sarab's first wife; Param's mother (2019) (Dead)
* [[Shefali Rana]] as Shekhar Kaul's mother (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|date=12 February 2021|title=Shefali Rana To Enter Choti Sarrdarrni|url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/television/news/shefali-rana-enter-choti-sarrdaarni/2021/02/12|url-status=live|website=www.iwmbuzz.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926150557/https://www.iwmbuzz.com/television/news/shefali-rana-enter-choti-sarrdaarni/2021/02/12 |archive-date=26 September 2021 }}</ref>
* Unknown as Trilochan Singh Dhillon: Kulwant's husband; Jagga, Meher, Bittu and Ranna's father; Yuvi, Karan, Seher, Mannat, Gullu and Cherry's grandfather; Param's step-grandfather. (2021)
* Prakash Ramchandani as Kuljeet Singh Gadgill: Harshdeep's husband (2021)
* Arpita Pandey as Sukhpreet "Sukhi" Kaur Grewal: Nimmi's friend (2021)
* Unknown as Pushpa Rathore: Jaswant's wife; Ajit's mother; Devika's fake mother (2022)
* Ajay Dutt as Jaswant Rathore: Pushpa's husband; Ajit's father; Devika's fake father (2022)
* Shubh Karaan as Ajit Rathore: Pushpa and Jaswant's son; Devika's fake brother (2022)
* Unknown as Kavita Rajput: Blood donor (2022)
* Unknown as Kavita's husband (2022)
* [[Sudesh Berry]] as Guruji (2022)
* Unknown as Sandhu's father (2020)
* Lokesh Batta as
** Mr. Sandhu: Ginni's ex-fiancé (2020)
** Nirvair Singh Brar: Mannat's ex-fiancé (2022)
* Unknown as Nirvair's father (2022)

===Guests===
*[[Devoleena Bhattacharjee]] in a dance performance at Sarab and Meher's sangeet (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/video/choti-sardarni-devoleena-bhattacharjee-glams-up-meher-and-sarabjit-s-engagement-ceremony-1579516-2019-08-10|title=Choti Sardarni: Devoleena Bhattacharjee glams up Meher and Sarabjit's engagement ceremony|website=India Today|date=10 August 2019 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810214946/https://www.indiatoday.in/television/video/choti-sardarni-devoleena-bhattacharjee-glams-up-meher-and-sarabjit-s-engagement-ceremony-1579516-2019-08-10 |archive-date=10 August 2019 }}</ref>
*[[Meera Deosthale]] as Vidya Singh from ''[[Vidya (TV series)|Vidya]]'' (2019)
*[[Namish Taneja]] as Vivek Singh from ''Vidya'' (2019)
*[[Salman Khan]] to promote ''[[Dabangg 3]]'' (2019)
*[[Sonakshi Sinha]] to promote ''Dabangg 3'' (2019)
*Sai Manjrekar to promote ''Dabangg 3'' (2019)
*[[Arjit Taneja]] as Azaan Mirza from ''[[Bahu Begum]]'' (2019)
*[[Samiksha Jaiswal]] as Noor Mirza from ''Bahu Begum'' (2019)
*[[Taapsee Pannu]] to promote ''[[Thappad]]'' (2020)<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tapsee Pannu on the sets of Chhoti Sarrdarni|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/tv/hindi/tapsee-pannu-on-the-sets-of-chhoti-sarrdarni/videoshow/74339236.cms|website=The Times of India}}</ref>
*[[Riya Shukla]] as Lavanya "Pinky" Kashyap from ''[[Naati Pinky Ki Lambi Love Story]]'' (2020)
*[[Helly Shah]] as Riddhima Raisinghania from ''[[Ishq Mein Marjawan 2]]'' (2020)
*Amardeep Garg as Ganja Paaji from ''Radhe Krishna'' (2020)
*[[Isha Malviya]] as Jasmine Sandhu from ''[[Udaariyaan]]'' (2021)
*Priyanka Chahar Choudhary as Tejo Sandhu from ''[[Udaariyaan]]'' (2021)
* [[Ankit Gupta]] as Fateh Singh Virk from ''[[Udaariyaan]]'' (2021)

==Production==
===Development===
Based in [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], the series is mainly filmed in [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/tv/hindi/avinesh-rekhi-nimrit-kaur-ahluwalia-and-hitesh-bharadwaj-at-the-launch-of-choti-sardarni/videoshow/69996223.cms|title=Avinesh Rekhi, Nimrit Kaur Ahluwalia and Hitesh Bharadwaj at the launch of Choti Sarrdaarni|website=The Times Of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629074521/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/tv/hindi/avinesh-rekhi-nimrit-kaur-ahluwalia-and-hitesh-bharadwaj-at-the-launch-of-choti-sardarni/videoshow/69996223.cms |archive-date=29 June 2019 }}</ref> In November 2019, the honeymoon sequence was filmed in [[Serbia]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Choti Sardarni: Avinesh Rekhi and Nimrit Ahluwalia shoot upcoming honeymoon sequence in Serbia; see pics|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/choti-sardarni-avinesh-rekhi-and-nimrit-ahluwalia-shoot-upcoming-honeymoon-sequence-in-serbia-see-pics/articleshow/72037059.cms|website=The Times of India|date=14 November 2019 }}</ref>

On 12 September 2019, the filming was held for three hours due to the fight by the workers’ union and Allied Mazdoor Union with producers owing to due in payments.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/shoot-of-television-show-choti-sarrdaarni-stalled-for-3-hours-over-non-payment-of-dues/articleshow/71113476.cms|title=Shoot of television show 'Choti Sarrdaarni' stalled for 3 hours over non-payment of dues|website=The Times Of India|date=14 September 2019 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190914093220/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/shoot-of-television-show-choti-sarrdaarni-stalled-for-3-hours-over-non-payment-of-dues/articleshow/71113476.cms |archive-date=14 September 2019 }}</ref>

===Casting===
In February 2021, the show took a 5 years leap and female child artist Kevina Tak, who played as Param, roped to play as Meher and Sarab's daughter, Seher. Child artists Aekam Binjwe, Gaurika Sharma and Dhan Tejas entered to play as Param, Karan and Yuvi after leap.

In July 2021, it was announced that the show would take a leap of 16 years and Nimrit Kaur Ahluwalia will play the role of her daughter Seher. It was officially confirmed with the release of the promo showing the 16 year leap with new characters Mahir Pandhi and [[Varun Toorkey]], whereas the exit of [[Avinesh Rekhi]], [[Anita Raj]] and other supporting actors.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Colors' Most Popular Show Chhoti Sarrdaarni to witness a 16 year leap. See Promo!|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CRgIrikrvIp/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/CRgIrikrvIp |archive-date=2021-12-23 |url-access=subscription|url-status=live|website=Instagram}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Actors Shehzada Dhami and Adhik Mehta roped to play as adult Param and Karan.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maheshwari|first=Neha|date=5 July 2021|title=Exclusive! Shehzada Dhami to play the grown-up Param in Choti Sarrdaarni after the 20-year time leap|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-shehzada-dhami-to-play-the-grown-up-param-in-choti-sarrdaarni-after-the-20-year-time-leap/articleshow/84149653.cms|access-date=26 February 2022|work=[[Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref> However, [[Anita Raj]] and [[Mansi Sharma]] returned as Kulwant Kaur and Harleen Gill in late 2021 and then few more supporting actors came back in January/February 2022.{{clarification needed|reason=who?|date=June 2022}}

In December 2021, Shehzada Dhami quit the show and [[Vineet Raina]] replaces him.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=1 December 2021|title=Shehzada Dhami Quits Choti Sarrdaarni, Actor Unhappy with His Role in Daily Soap|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/shehzada-dhami-quits-choti-sarrdaarni-actor-unhappy-with-his-role-in-daily-soap-4507856.html|access-date=26 February 2022|work=[[News 18]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=31 December 2021|title=Actor Vineet Raina talks about his entry in Colors popular show Choti Sarrdaarni & more|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/entertainment/actor-vineet-raina-talks-about-his-entry-in-colors-popular-show-choti-sarrdaarni-more-356591|access-date=26 February 2022|work=[[The Tribune]]|language=en}}</ref> In February 2022, Raina too quit and was replaced by Hitanshu Jinsi.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Trivedi|first=Tanvi|date=26 February 2022|title=Exclusive! Hitanshu Jinsi replaces Vineet Raina as Param Singh Gill in Choti Sarrdaarni|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-hitanshu-jinsi-replaces-vineet-raina-as-param-singh-gill-in-choti-sarrdaarni/articleshow/89846594.cms|access-date=26 February 2022|work=[[Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref>

In March 2022, it was announced that Nimrit Ahluwalia is leaving the show due to her health issues and Mahir Pandhi is leaving too.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maheshwari|first=Neha|date=11 March 2022|title=Exclusive! Nimrit Kaur Ahluwalia to bid adieu to Choti Sarrdaarni owing to health reasons, Mahir Pandhi to exit, too|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-nimrit-kaur-ahluwalia-to-bid-adieu-to-choti-sarrdaarni-owing-to-health-reasons-mahir-pandhi-to-exit-too/articleshow/90149952.cms|access-date=24 March 2022|work=[[Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref> Amandeep Sidhu announced to play the role of Mannat Kaur<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maheshwari|first=Neha|date=11 March 2022|title=Amandeep Sidhu and Salman Shaikh to play the new lead couple in Choti Sarrdaarni?|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/amandeep-sidhu-and-salman-shaikh-to-play-the-new-lead-couple-in-choti-sarrdaarni/articleshow/90152746.cms|access-date=24 March 2022|work=[[Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref> and Dishank Arora, Salman Shaikh was approached to play Zoravar Singh, new male lead of the show, but [[Gaurav S Bajaj]] replaced them. In late March 2022, it was announced that Hitanshu Jinsi is quitting the show.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maheshwari|first=Neha|date=25 March 2022|title=Exclusive: After Shehzada Dhami and Vineet Raina, Hitanshu Jinsi also quits Choti Sarrdaarni; deets inside|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-after-shehzada-dhami-and-vineet-raina-hitanshu-jinsi-also-quits-choti-sarrdaarni-deets-inside/articleshow/90440270.cms|access-date=27 March 2022|work=[[Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref>

===Filming===
The production and airing of the show was halted indefinitely in late March 2020 due to the [[Coronavirus disease 2019|coronavirus outbreak]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Television Industry in a Slump With the Lockdown|url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/tv/television-industry-experiencing-slowdown-with-the-lockdown|url-status=live|website=[[The Quint]]|date=12 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604060926/https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/tv/television-industry-experiencing-slowdown-with-the-lockdown |archive-date=4 June 2020 }}</ref> The filming resumed after three months and the show started airing again on 13 July 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kumkum Bhagya, Choti Sardarni and other TV shows to resume shoot; get set to view fresh episodes|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/kumkum-bhagya-choti-sardarni-and-other-tv-shows-to-resume-shoot-get-set-to-view-fresh-episodes/photostory/76554278.cms|url-status=live|website=The Times of India|date=24 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625123524/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/kumkum-bhagya-choti-sardarni-and-other-tv-shows-to-resume-shoot-get-set-to-view-fresh-episodes/photostory/76554278.cms |archive-date=25 June 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Choti Sardarni new promo: Sarabjit and Nimrit are back with their fun banter to win hearts|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/choti-sardarni-new-promo-sarabjit-and-nimrit-are-back-with-their-fun-banter-to-win-hearts/articleshow/76890781.cms|url-status=live|website=The Times of India|date=10 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711044323/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/choti-sardarni-new-promo-sarabjit-and-nimrit-are-back-with-their-fun-banter-to-win-hearts/articleshow/76890781.cms |archive-date=11 July 2020 }}</ref> During the break, the main actors Rekhi, Ahluwalia and Tak shot a few episodes from their homes during the nationwide lockdown which streamed under ''Lockdown Special Episodes'' on [[Colors TV]]'s official digital platform [[Voot]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Choti Sardarni's Nimrit Kaur Ahluwalia on shooting from home: Lighting to make-up, we do it ourselves|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/soaps/story/choti-sardarni-s-nimrat-kaur-ahluwalia-on-shooting-from-home-lighting-to-makeup-we-are-doing-it-ourselves-1675920-2020-05-08|url-status=live|website=India Today|date=9 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508191042/https://www.indiatoday.in/television/soaps/story/choti-sardarni-s-nimrat-kaur-ahluwalia-on-shooting-from-home-lighting-to-makeup-we-are-doing-it-ourselves-1675920-2020-05-08 |archive-date=8 May 2020 }}</ref>

The production was halted for few days from 1 September 2020 after Krishna Soni tested positive for coronavirus.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Choti Sarrdaarni actor Krishna Soni tests positive for Coronavirus, the shoot comes to a halt|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/choti-sarrdaarni-actor-krishna-soni-tests-positive-coronavirus-shoot-comes-halt/|url-status=live|website=Bollywood Hungama|date=September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200903144434/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/choti-sarrdaarni-actor-krishna-soni-tests-positive-coronavirus-shoot-comes-halt/ |archive-date=3 September 2020 }}</ref>

===Cancellation===
In early May 2022, it was announced that Choti Sarrdaarni will telecast its last episode on 27 May 2022 but it didn't. Then on 10 June 2022, it telecasted its last episode.{{Citation needed|date=September 2022}}

==Reception==
===Critical response===
The initial promo based on [[Gurdwara|Gurudwara]] background of the series created disappointment between the [[Sikhs]] and a complaint protesting it was written to the channel by [[All India Sikh Students Federation]] as they considered some portrayal hurting their sentiments.

===Ratings===
In week 41 of 2020, it became the fourth most watched Hindi show in urban with 5.281 million impressions.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/anupamaa-becomes-the-most-watched-television-show-choti-sardarni-makes-an-entry-in-top-five-shows/articleshow/78810613.cms|title=Anupamaa becomes the most watched television show; Choti Sardarni makes an entry in top five|website=Times of India|date=22 October 2020 |access-date=2020-12-12}}</ref>

==Adaptations==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"|Language
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"|Title
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"|Original release
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"|Network(s)
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"|Last aired
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"|Notes
|-
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| ''[[Uyire (TV series)|Uyire]]'' உயிரே
| 2 January 2020
| [[Colors Tamil]]
| 27 March 2021
| rowspan="3"| Remake
|-
| [[Kannada]]
| ''[[Hoo Male]]'' ಹೂಮಳೆ
| 16 November 2020
| [[Colors Kannada]]
| 16 October 2021
|}

==Crossover==
In December 2019, ''Choti Sarrdaarni'' and ''[[Vidya (TV series)|Vidya]]'' had a crossover while [[Salman Khan]], [[Sonakshi Sinha]] and Sai Manjrekar appeared to promote their upcoming film ''[[Dabangg 3]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/television/vidya-choti-sarrdaarni-maha-sangam-dabangg-3-star-salman-khan-aka-chulbul-pandey-joins-the-lead-stars-of-colors-shows-1125311|title=Salman Aka 'Chulbul Pandey' Joins 'Choti Sarrdaarni', 'Vidya' Lead Stars For The Mahasangam Episode!|website=ABP News|date=16 December 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222155658/https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/television/vidya-choti-sarrdaarni-maha-sangam-dabangg-3-star-salman-khan-aka-chulbul-pandey-joins-the-lead-stars-of-colors-shows-1125311 |archive-date=22 December 2019 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
<https://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/actress-geetika-mehandru-aka-ginni-of-chhoti-sardarni-gets-injured-210119/>

<https://www.m.khaskhabar.com//news.php/television-news-kabir-singh-actress-geetika-mehandru-joins-choti-sarrdaarni-news-hindi-1-444826-KKN.html?short_url=television-news-kabir-singh-actress-geetika-mehandru-joins-choti-sarrdaarni-news-hindi-1-444826-KKN/>

<https://www.latestly.com/entertainment/tv/kabir-singh-actress-geetika-mehandru-joins-choti-sarrdaarni-1862734.html/>

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|tt10461426}}

{{Colors Programmes}}

[[Category:2019 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Indian drama television series]]
[[Category:Colors TV original programming]]
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Fiction about Sikhism]]
[[Category:Television productions suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic]]

Naved Aslam

2026-02-04T23:09:38Z

Marinazhg:

{{Short description|Indian actor, screenwriter}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Naved Aslam
| image = Naved Aslam.jpg
| caption = Naved Aslam at the [[39th International Film Festival of India]]
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], India
| occupation = {{Hlist | Actor | screenwriter}}
| years_active = 1993{{endash}}present
| notable_works =
| relatives = [[Tyabji family]]
}}

'''Naved Aslam''' is an Indian actor and screenwriter who predominantly works in [[Hindi]] television and films.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |title=I don’t do films which do not appeal to me: Naved Aslam |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/i-don-t-do-films-which-do-not-appeal-to-me-naved-aslam/story-iLwSrJr6PXaK3DOJwDaGTJ.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-05 |title=Mr Singh Mrs Mehta |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/mr-singh-mrs-mehta-news-266087 |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=Outlook India |language=en}}</ref> He is best known for his portrayal of [[Bhishma]] in the mythological series ''[[Suryaputra Karn]]''. In 2018, Aslam made his [[Digital TV|digital]] debut with the web series ''[[Smoke (web series)|Smoke]]''.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Aslam moved to [[Mumbai]] to pursue his ambition of becoming a director, after a decade in [[theatre]]. Initially, he spent over 2 years working on some of the international projects. <ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2019-09-06 |title=‘I'm excited to play the role that Al Pacino played’ |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/theatre/im-excited-to-play-the-role-that-al-pacino-played/articleshow/71010829.cms |access-date=2024-12-14 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

Afterwards, Aslam turned actor and made his television acting debut in [[DD National]]'s ''[[Byomkesh Bakshi (TV series)|Byomkesh Bakshi]]'' in 1993. He had another breakthrough in 1996 with [[Sony TV]]'s [[medical drama]] ''Cover Story Hospital'', a 26–part thriller series about a journalist duo discovering the kidney transplant racket rampant in big hospitals and how they unravel the story at a great risk to their lives.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Naved Aslam to play an integral role in an upcoming webseries |url=https://www.indiaforums.com/article/naved-aslam-to-play-an-integral-role-in-an-upcoming-webseries_122112 |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=India Forums |language=en}}</ref>

It was aired in 1995-96.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-09 |title=1 नहीं, 2 नहीं... JIO सिनेमा पर रिलीज हुईं 6 धांसू फिल्में-सीरीज, IMDb पर रेटिंग भी सबकी 8 पार |url=https://hindi.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/web-series-top-6-films-and-series-jio-cinema-2024-highest-imdb-raiting-shekhar-home-pill-to-ram-janmabhoomi-must-watch-on-upcoming-long-weekend-8757773.html |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=News18 हिंदी |language=hi}}</ref> Directed by Maya Rao, it featured Naved Aslam, Natasha Rana, and Milind Wagh among others.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Wish-there-could-be-more-roles-written-for-actors-like-us/articleshow/31785825.cms|title=Wish there could be more roles written for actors like us|work=The Times of India|access-date=1 December 2018}}</ref>

Aslam is best known for playing the role of Chand Raichand in the Indian [[Supernatural (U.S. TV series)|supernatural television series]] ''[[Pyaar Kii Ye Ek Kahaani]]'', where he played a 1000 year old supernatural vampire. Apart from working in television, Aslam has played roles in feature films such as ''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]'' and [[Honeymoon Travels Pvt. Ltd.|''Honeymoon Travels Pvt. Ltd''.]]<ref name=":1" />

== Filmography ==
===Television===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
! scope="row" |1989
| ''[[In Which Annie Gives It Those Ones]]''
|
| Television film
|-
! scope="row" | 1993
| ''[[The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles]]''
| Theosophy Attendant
|-
! scope="row" | 1993–1997
|''[[Byomkesh Bakshi (TV series)|Byomkesh Bakshi]]''
| Sukumar / Sitanshu Das / Sanat
|
|-
! scope="row" |1995–1996
|''Cover Story Hospital''
| Vivek
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=2014-03-11 |title="Wish there could be more roles written for actors like us" |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/wish-there-could-be-more-roles-written-for-actors-like-us/articleshow/31785825.cms |access-date=2024-12-14 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |2006-2009
| ''Ssshhhh... Phir Koi Hai''
| Lobo
|
|-
! scope="row" |2010–2011
|''[[Pyaar Kii Ye Ek Kahaani]]''
|Chand Raichand
|
|-
! scope="row" |2011–2013
|''[[Pavitra Rishta]]''
|Digvijay Kirloskar
|
|-
! scope="row" |2013
|''[[Jodha Akbar]]''
| [[Bairam Khan]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-02-12 |title=Naved Aslam & Chetan Hansraj in Jodha Akbar |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/naved-aslam-chetan-hansraj-in-jodha-akbar/articleshow/18465743.cms |access-date=2024-11-29 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |2013–2014
|''[[Beintehaa]]''
|Usman Abdullah
| <ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-11-15 |title=Naved Aslam & Rituraj Singh in Beintehaa |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-season-saath-7-preetika-rao-jodha-akbar-naved-aslam-rituraj-singh-beintehaa-colors-riva-bubber/articleshow/25828933.cms |access-date=2024-11-29 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |2015–2016
|''[[Suryaputra Karn]]''
|[[Bhishma]]
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2|2016
|''[[Ishqbaaaz]]''
|Vikram Pradeep Rana
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manasi Salvi roped-in for Ishqbaaaz |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/itsy-bitsy/manasi-salvi-roped-in-for-ishqbaaaz-294690/#google_vignette |access-date=2024-12-14 |website=The Tribune |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Adaalat (TV series)|Adaalat]]''
| Captain Goyal
|
|-
! scope="row" |2019
| ''[[Abhay (TV series)|Abhay]]''
|Senior Officer
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2|2021
| ''[[Matsya Kaand]]''
| Sunil Ajmera
|
|-
| [[The Empire (web series)|''The Empire'']]
| Qambar Ali
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2|2022
| ''Dahan: Raakan Ka Rahasya''
| Dr. Kaushik Arora
|
|-
| ''[[Ali Baba: Dastaan-E-Kabul]]''
|Mustafa
|
|-
! scope="row" |2025
|''[[Search: The Naina Murder Case]]''
|DCP Deepak Rathi
|
|}

===Film===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
! scope="row" |2001
| ''Chhal''
| Inspector Dave
|
|-
! scope="row" |2005
|''[[Sehar]]''
| Inspector Joginder Singh Solanki
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=2017-01-11 |title=I'm choosy to the point of being out of work: Naved |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/im-choosy-to-the-point-of-being-out-of-work-naved/articleshow/4468350.cms |access-date=2024-12-14 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |2007
|''[[Honeymoon Travels Pvt. Ltd.]]''
| Sunil
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
! scope="row" |2009
| ''Chowrasta Crossroads of Love''
|
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2|2010
|''[[Mr. Singh Mrs. Mehta]]''
|Karan Singh
|
|-
|''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]''
| Patrick
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
! scope="row" |2012
| ''[[Ekhon Nedekha Nodir Xhipare]]''
| SDPO Sammer Aggarwal
|
|-
! scope="row" |2019
| ''[[Upstarts (film)|Upstarts]]''
| Veer's uncle
|
|-
! scope="row" |2026
|''[[Mardaani 3]]''
|Home Secretary
|
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aslam, Naved}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Male actors from Delhi]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Indian male television actors]]
[[Category:Indian male stage actors]]
[[Category:Indian television directors]]
[[Category:Indian television writers]]
[[Category:Jamia Millia Islamia alumni]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Male actors in Hindi television]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]

Madhukar Dattatraya Deoras

2026-02-02T17:48:22Z

Marinazhg: updated structure per sources for accuracy

{{Short description|Leader of the Indian RSS (1915–1996)}}
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2014}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Madhukar Dattatraya Deoras
| image = [[File:Balasaheb deoras.jpg]]
| caption =
| order =
| predecessor = [[M. S. Golwalkar]]
| office = 3rd [[Sarsanghchalak]] of the [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]]
| term_start = 5 June 1973
| term_end = 11 March 1994
| successor = [[Rajendra Singh (RSS)|Rajendra Singh]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1915|12|11}}
| birth_place = [[Nagpur]], [[Central Provinces and Berar]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1996|6|17|1915|12|11}}
| death_place = [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| education = [[Bachelor of Laws|LL.B.]]
| alma_mater = [[Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University|Nagpur University]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Lawyer|social worker}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Madhukar Dattatraya Deoras'''{{Efn|The surname is alternatively spelled 'Devaras' or 'Devras'.|group=lower-alpha}} (11 December 1915 – 17 June 1996), also known as '''Balasaheb Deoras''', was the third ''[[Sarsanghchalak]]'' (Chief) of the [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] (RSS), a [[right-wing politics|right-wing]] [[Hindutva]] [[paramilitary]] organisation.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Banerjee |first1=Sumanta |title=Shrinking space: minority rights in South Asia |date=1999 |publisher=[[South Asia Forum for Human Rights]] |page=171}}</ref>

==Biography==
Madhukar Dattatraya "Balasaheb Deoras" Deoras was born in a [[Telugu Brahmins|Telugu]] [[Deshastha Brahmin|Deshastha Rigvedi Brahmin]] family on 11 December 1915 in [[Nagpur]], located in [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|British India's]] [[Central Provinces and Berar]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Prakash Louis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=917XAAAAMAAJ |title=The Emerging Hindutva Force: The Ascent of Hindu Nationalism |publisher=[[Indian Social Institute]] |year=2000 |isbn=9788187218319 |page=38 |quote=The third head of RSS, Balasaheb Deoras was another Telugu Brahmin.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Braj Ranjan Mani |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hjxuAAAAMAAJ |title=Debrahmanising History: Dominance and Resistance in Indian Society |publisher=Manohar Publishers & Distributors |year=2005 |isbn=9788173046407 |page=248 |quote=The third head of the RSS - after Hedgewar and Golwalkar – was Balasaheb Deoras, another Telugu brahman.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bpctAAAAIAAJ |title=New Quest, Issues 25-30 |publisher=[[Indian Association for Cultural Freedom]] |year=1981 |page=4 |quote=[[Nanaji Deshmukh]], [[Moropant Trimbak Pingle|Moropant Pingle]] and the Deoras brothers too, insist are Deshastha Brahmins.}}</ref> He was the eighth child of Dattatreya Krishnarao Deoras and Parvati-[[Bai (suffix)|bai]]; the ninth child, his younger brother Bhaurao Deoras (Murlidhar alias Bhaurao), also became a ''[[pracharak]]'' (propagator) of the RSS. During Deoras's tenure as RSS chief, Bhaurao Deoras played a key role in the organisation in [[North India]]. Deoras was a student at New English High School. He graduated from [[Morris College, Nagpur|Morris College]] in Nagpur in 1938 and obtained his [[Bachelor of Laws|LLB]] degree at the College of Law, [[Nagpur University]]. Inspired by Dr. [[K. B. Hedgewar]], he was associated with the RSS from its inception and decided to dedicate his life to its goals.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}}

He was the first ''pracharak'' sent to [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], and he returned to the movement's headquarters to direct the publication of ''[[Tarun Bharat]]'', a [[List of Marathi-language newspapers|Marathi daily]], and ''[[Yugadharma]]'', a [[Hindi]] daily. The Deoras brothers advocated for a more politically and socially interventionist role for the RSS to be more activistic, diverging from the insular stance maintained by then-''Sarsanghachalak'' [[M. S. Golwalkar]]. Disillusioned with Golwalkar’s inward-looking leadership, the brothers distanced themselves from the organisation between 1953 and 1957. Despite this period of estrangement, they remained informally connected to the RSS network. In 1957, at Golwalkar’s behest, they rejoined the organisation’s ranks. Deoras’s ascent within the RSS continued, and in 1965 he was appointed ''[[Sarkaryavah]]'' (General Secretary). During the same year he addressed the annual meeting of the [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]] (BJS), the RSS’s political affiliate and precursor to the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP). Following Golwalkar’s death in 1973, Deoras succeeded him as the third ''Sarsanghachalak'' of the RSS.{{Sfn|Klostermaier|2007|p=446}} Deoras chose to involve RSS more deeply in [[Activism|social activism]] than any other past RSS ''Sarsanghachalak''. His tenure marked a shift towards greater engagement with political and social movements, including efforts to broaden the RSS’s base. In 1974, Deoras directed the RSS to actively support the "[[JP Movement]]", a broad-based opposition to the authoritarian policies of [[Prime Minister of India|prime minister]] [[Indira Gandhi]], led by veteran [[Socialism in India|socialist]] [[Jayaprakash Narayan]].{{Sfn|Jaffrelot|2007|p=177}} There are also accounts and records, contested by RSS representatives, suggesting that during [[The Emergency (India)|the Emergency]] (1975–1977), while imprisoned in [[Yerawada Central Jail|Yerwada Jail]], Deoras wrote several apology letters to Gandhi and offered support for her ''Twenty-Point Programme'', a socio-economic initiative launched during the Emergency, in a plea for the lifting of the ban on the RSS.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Noorani |first=A.G. |author-link=A. G. Noorani |date=18 July 2018 |title=RSS and the Emergency |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/politics/rss-emergency/article64760048.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627160033/https://frontline.thehindu.com/politics/rss-emergency/article64760048.ece |archive-date=27 June 2022 |website=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]}}</ref><ref name="thehindu0">{{cite web |last=Swamy |first=Subramanian |author-link=Subramanian Swamy |date=13 June 2000 |title=Unlearnt lessons of the Emergency |url=http://www.thehindu.com/2000/06/13/stories/05132524.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608184717/http://www.thehindu.com/2000/06/13/stories/05132524.htm |archive-date=2017-06-08 |access-date=8 June 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

In the aftermath of The Emergency, and the subsequent lifting of the ban on the RSS, Deoras initiated outreach efforts towards minority communities, including meetings with [[Christianity in India|Christian]] and [[Islam in India|Muslim]] leaders. In a resolution passed by the RSS's national assembly, the organisation urged "all citizens in general and R.S.S. ''Swayamsevaks'' in particular to further expedite this process of mutual contact by participation in each other’s social functions", in a strategic moves aimed at rehabilitating the RSS’s public image, which had been tarnished by its perceived complicity in the anti-democratic currents of the Emergency era. The outreach coincided with a period of renewed political optimism and democratic resurgence in Indian public life, following the fall of Gandhi's authoritarian regime.{{Sfn|Bhatt|2001|p=166-167}} Under Deoras's leadership, intensified its activist orientation and launched concerted efforts to dramatically expand both the scale and social breadth of its recruitment. This strategic shift was mirrored in the organisation’s propaganda and cultural production. RSS literature during this period became notably more accessible, employing simplified articulations of [[Hindutva]] ideology. These were disseminated through popular and mass-friendly formats, comic books, illustrated posters, postcards, inland letter cards, and other forms of vernacular media, designed to appeal to a broad and often semi-literate audience. The vocabulary of the RSS also evolved to reflect this populist turn. The term “the masses” began to feature prominently.{{Sfn|Hasan|1994|p=201}} Deoras also founded the [[Swadeshi Jagran Manch]] ({{Lit|Nationalist Awareness Forum}}) in 1993, against [[economic liberalization]] by the [[Rao ministry|P. V. Narasimha Rao government]] in 1991.{{Sfn|Saha|2001|p=94}}

Deoras remained ''Sarsanghachalak'' of the RSS until 11 March 1994, when he formally stepped down due to deteriorating health.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://theprint.in/politics/3rd-rss-chief-balasaheb-deoras-organiser-strategic-thinker-who-made-swayamsevaks-introspect/779754/ |title=3rd RSS chief Balasaheb Deoras: Organiser, strategic thinker who made swayamsevaks ‘introspect’ |first=Arun |last=Anand |date=11 December 2021 |website=[[ThePrint]]}}</ref> Deoras’s health continued to decline, culminating in his death on 17 June 1996. Deoras lived long enough to witness a major milestone for the Sangh Parivar: [[1996 Indian general election|the election]] of [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] as prime minister in 1996. Vajpayee, a long-time member of the RSS and a leading figure in its political affiliate, the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], became the first individual with overt ideological ties to Hindutva to assume the country’s highest executive office.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Johnson |first=Matthew |title=Conservatism and Ideology |last2=Garnett |first2=Mark |author-link2=Mark Garnett |last3=Walker |first3=David M |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2017 |isbn=9781317528999}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Karthikeyan |first=Suchitra |date=7 April 2024 |title=Elections that shaped India {{!}} The United Front experiment (1996-98) |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/the-united-front-experiment-elections-that-shaped-india-1996-1998-elections/article67707166.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407044250/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/the-united-front-experiment-elections-that-shaped-india-1996-1998-elections/article67707166.ece |archive-date=7 April 2024 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The 1999 Indian Parliamentary Elections and the New BJP-led Coalition Government |url=http://asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/hardgrave/Elections1999.html |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011235012/http://asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/hardgrave/Elections1999.html |archive-date=11 October 2008 |website=Asian Studies Network Information Center |publisher=[[University of Texas at Austin]]}}</ref> However, Vajpayee’s dependence on coalition partners, combined with his moderatism, generated intense dissent among hardliners within the [[Sangh Parivar]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nag |first=Kingshuk |author-link=Kingshuk Nag |date=16 August 2018 |title=Atal Behari Vajpayee: A mercurial moderate |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-45205033 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Sharad |last2=Sinha |first2=Sanjiv |date=18 January 2000 |title=Revive Jan Sangh — BJP hardlines |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/revive-jan-sangh-bjp-hardlines/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508224329/https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/revive-jan-sangh-bjp-hardlines/ |archive-date=8 May 2021 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref>

==Views of Deoras==
Deoras echoed [[Savarkar]] by stating: "We do believe in the one-culture and one-nation [[Hindu Rashtra|Hindu rashtra]]. But our definition of Hindu is not limited to any particular kind of faith. Our definition of Hindu includes those who believe in the one-culture and one-nation theory of this country. They can all form part of the Hindu-rashtra. So by Hindu we do not mean any particular type of faith. We use the word Hindu in a broader sense."{{Sfn|Klostermaier|2007|p=446}} According to Deoras, even though [[Mahatma Gandhi]] appeased Muslims, the Muslims never accepted him as one of their own.{{Sfn|Malik|Singh|1994|p=164}} He said on 9 November 1985, that the main purpose of the RSS is Hindu unity and that the organization believes all citizens of India should have a '[[Hindu culture]]'.{{Sfn|Sharma|1994|p=111}}

In one of the most important speeches delivered in the history of RSS from the platform of Vasant Vyakhyanmala (Spring Lecture Series), Deoras denounced the practice of [[untouchability]] in May 1974 in Pune, and appealed to the RSS volunteers to work towards its removal from the Hindu society.{{Sfn|Malik|Singh|1994|p=157}} Deoras declared: "If untouchability is not wrong, nothing in the world is wrong."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ghimire |first1=Yubaraj |title=A Seamless Hindu Vision |url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article/A-Seamless-Hindu-Vision/201628 |access-date=26 June 2014 |website=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]] |publisher=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]]}}</ref> However, when prime minister [[V. P. Singh]] implemented the [[Mandal Commission|Mandal Commission Report]] in 1990, drastically increasing [[Reservation in India|reservations]] for [[Caste system in India|lower-caste]] Hindus, in a form of [[affirmative action]], the RSS, under Deoras, accused him of dividing Hindu society.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahaprashasta |first=Ajoy |date=28 May 2014 |title=Conflict of interests |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/conflict-of-interests/article23587517.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518055312/https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/conflict-of-interests/article23587517.ece |archive-date=18 May 2022 |website=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]}}</ref>
In 1987, Deoras said, "We are not anti-[[Indian National Congress|Congress]]. Our [[K. B. Hedgewar|founder leader]] was a Congressman. Our organisation is opposed only to the Congress policy of appeasing the minorities."<ref name="c462">{{cite book | title=The Marxist: Theoretical Quarterly of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). | publisher=The Party | date=1992 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9bi2AAAAIAAJ&q=%2522 | access-date=2025-11-16 | page=}}</ref><ref name="o495">{{cite book | last=Das | first=Raju J. | title=Critical Reflections on Economy and Politics in India: A Class Theory Perspective | publisher=BRILL | date=2020-03-02 | isbn=978-90-04-41556-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-RbUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA421&dq=%25 | access-date=2025-11-16 | page=421}}</ref>

== Bibliography ==
* {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GkAtAAAAIAAJ |title=Social Equality and Hindu Consolidation Balasaheb Deoras |date=1974 |publisher=[[Jagran Prakashan]] |series=Vasant Vyakhyanamala Issue 11 |type=Lecture}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z2gbOAAACAAJ |title=Rouse, the Power of Good |date=1975 |publisher=Jagran Prakashan}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DQgttwAACAAJ |title=Balasaheb Deoras with Delhi Newsmen in the Press Club of India, March 12, 1979 |date=1979 |publisher=Suruchi Sahitya}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALuwtAEACAAJ |title=RSS Marches on: The Path of National Truth |date=1979 |publisher=Jagran Prakashan |series=Publication Issue 15}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3X9TswEACAAJ |title=RSS: A Force for Social Change Balasaheb Deoras |date=1981 |publisher=Jagran Prakashan |series=Publication Issue 24}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SB7JtgAACAAJ |title=Sri Balasaheb Deoras Answers Questions |date=1984 |publisher=Sahitya Sindhu}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Uu3AAAAIAAJ |title=Punjab, Problem and Its Solution Balasaheb Deoras |date=1984 |publisher=Suruchi Prakashan}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtvxMgEACAAJ |title=Hindū Saṅgaṭhana aura Sattāvādī Rājanīti |date=1997 |publisher=Jagriti Prakashan |trans-title=Hindu Organizations and Authoritarian Politics}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rQZaDwAAQBAJ |title=Samajik Samrasta aur Hindutva Balasaheb Deoras |date=2016 |publisher=Suruchi Prakashan |isbn=9789384414702 |trans-title=Social Harmony and Hindutva}}

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

== References ==
=== Citations ===
<references />

=== Books ===
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last1=Klostermaier |first1=Klaus K. |author-link=Klaus Klostermaier |title=A survey of Hinduism |date=2007 |publisher=[[SUNY Press|State University of New York Press]] |location=Albany |isbn=9780791480113 |edition=3.}}
* {{cite book |last1=Rajagopal |first1=Arvind |author-link= |title=Politics after television religious nationalism and the reshaping of the Indian public |date=2001 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge, UK |isbn=9780511155956}}
* {{cite book |last1=Bhatt |first1=Chetan |title=Hindu Nationalism Origins, Ideologies and Modern Myths. |url=https://archive.org/details/hindunationalism00chet |url-access=registration |date=2001 |publisher=[[Berg Publishers]] |location=Oxford |isbn=9781845209865}}
* {{cite book |last1=Jaffrelot |first1=Christophe |author-link=Christophe Jaffrelot |title=Hindu nationalism : a reader |date=2007 |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |location=Princeton, NJ |isbn=978-0-691-13097-2}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Hasan |editor-first=Zoya |editor-link=Zoya Hasan |title=Forging identities : gender, communities and the state in India |date=1994 |publisher=[[Westview Press]] |location=Boulder u.a. |isbn=0-8133-2333-9 |edition=1. publ. |url-access=registration |author-link= |url=https://archive.org/details/forgingidentitie00hasa}}
* {{cite book |last1=Malik |first1=Yogendra K. |last2=Singh |first2=V.B. |title=Hindu nationalists in India : the rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party |date=1994 |publisher=Westview Press |location=Boulder u.a. |isbn=0-8133-8810-4}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Sharma |editor-first=Arvind |title=Today's woman in world religions |date=1994 |publisher=[[SUNY Press|State Univ. of New York Press]] |location=Albany |isbn=0-7914-1687-9 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/todayswomaninwor0000unse}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Saha |editor-first=Santosh C. |title=Religious fundamentalism in developing countries |date=2001 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group|Greenwood Press]] |location=Westport, Conn. [u.a.] |isbn=0-313-31155-2 |edition=1. publ.}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{Portal|India|Hinduism
}}
*[https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no99067567.html Madhukar Dattatraya Deoras] at [[Library of Congress Linked Data Service]]

{{Sangh Parivar}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Deoras, Madhukar Dattatraya}}
[[Category:1915 births]]
[[Category:1996 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian lawyers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Activists from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Hindu nationalists]]
[[Category:Indian Hindus]]
[[Category:Indian people imprisoned during the Emergency (India)]]
[[Category:People from the Central Provinces]]
[[Category:Politicians from Nagpur]]
[[Category:Politicians from Pune]]
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University]]
[[Category:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh pracharaks]]
[[Category:Sarsanghchalaks]]

U. A. Khader

2026-01-26T17:06:01Z

Marinazhg: starting a article added tags

{{Short description|Indian author (1935–2020)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox writer 
| name = U. A. Khader
| image = U a khader.jpg
| pseudonym =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1935|11|16}}
| birth_place = [[Bilin, Mon State|Bilin]], [[Rangoon]], [[British Burma|Burma]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2020|12|12|1935|11|16|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Calicut]], [[Kerala]], India
| occupation = Writer
| nationality = Indian
| awards = {{hlist|[[Sahitya Akademi Award]] (2009)|[[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]] (1984)}}
| notable_works = ''Thrikkotur Peruma, Raziya Sultana, Katha Pole Jeevitham, Shathru, Srishtavinte Khajana''
}}

'''Ussangaantakathu Abdul Khader''' (16 November 1935{{Spaced en dash}}12 December 2020) was an Indian author. He published in [[Malayalam]], including novels, novellas, short stories, travelogues and non-fiction. His works have been translated to various languages including English, Hindi and Kannada. He was a recipient of the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 2009 for his novella ''Thrikkottur Novellakal'' and had earlier received the [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Story|Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 1984 for ''Thrikkottur Peruma.''

==Early life==
Khader was born on 16 November 1935,<ref>{{Cite web|title=സാഹിത്യകാരൻ യു.എ.ഖാദർ അന്തരിച്ചു; മലയാളിയെ മോഹിപ്പിച്ച 'തൃക്കോട്ടൂർ പെരുമ'|url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/latest-news/2020/12/12/u-a-khader-passes-away.html|access-date=2021-04-24|website=ManoramaOnline|language=ml|archive-date=24 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424073752/https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/latest-news/2020/12/12/u-a-khader-passes-away.html|url-status=live}}</ref> in [[Bilin, Mon State]], near [[Rangoon]] (now Yangon) in today's Myanmar.<ref name=Interview1>Safiya Fathima (10 October 2016). [https://www.azhimukham.com/ua-khader-writer-in-malayalam-interview-safiya/ "ഓര്‍മ്മയിലെ വ്യാളി മുഖങ്ങള്‍; ഒറ്റപ്പെടലിന്റെ, ഭയത്തിന്റെ ബാല്യം-യു എ ഖാദര്‍/അഭിമുഖം"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190224062551/https://www.azhimukham.com/ua-khader-writer-in-malayalam-interview-safiya/ |date=24 February 2019 }}. ''Azhimukham''. Retrieved 24 February 2019.</ref> His father Ussangaantakathu Moithootti Haji had migrated to Burma from [[Quilandy]], in the southern Indian region of [[Malabar Coast|Malabar]]. His mother, Mamaidi, was of Burmese origin. His mother died three days after his birth, from [[small pox]].<ref name=Interview1/> With the outbreak of the [[Second World War]], a few years later, his family fled Burma and came to the Malabar Coast, when he was eight years old.<ref name=Interview1/><ref name=":1"/>

On return to India, he grew up as a [[Malayali]] at his father's native place in Quilandy.<ref name="Interview1" /> He completed his schooling from Koyilandy High School.<ref>{{Cite web|date=27 May 2010|title=Tamil Nadu / Chennai News : U.A. Khader felicitated|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/03/22/stories/2010032262330400.htm|access-date=12 December 2020|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527130100/http://www.hindu.com/2010/03/22/stories/2010032262330400.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=27 May 2010}}</ref> Describing his early days, he talked about the dilemma of straddling two distinct cultures. He also talked of his classmates finding him strange because of his features.''<ref name="Bio" />'' He would go on to obtain a degree in painting from the [[Government College of Fine Arts, Chennai|Madras College of Arts]]. During this period he got in touch with noted writers and social activists such as K. A. Kodungalloor and [[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] (who would later go on to become the chief minister of Kerala) during his days as a student in Madras (present day Chennai).<ref name="Madras">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100327072537/http://www.hindu.com/2010/03/22/stories/2010032262330400.htm "U.A. Khader felicitated"]. ''The Hindu''. Retrieved 24 February 2019.</ref> His association with Koya would be a turning point, introducing him to books and writing, starting with a copy of [[Vaikom Muhammed Basheer]]'s ''[[Balyakalasakhi (novel)|Balyakalasakhi]].<ref name="Bio">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080815211107/http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/11/stories/2008081158940200.htm "U.A. Khader, in his own words"]. ''The Hindu''. Retrieved 24 February 2019.</ref>''

== Career ==
Khader started his writing career by writing for magazines and journals. His first story was published in the Malayalam weekly, ''[[Chandrika (newspaper)|Chandrika]]'', in 1953. The story was based on a real-life incident in which the author had to sell his watch to buy a dinner set as a wedding present for a friend. Khader had written quite harshly about his father and step-mother in the original draft which was later tempered when he handed over the story to C. H. Mohammed Koya, who had it tweaked before publishing it in ''Chandrika''.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=22 October 2008|title=Kerala / Kozhikode News : U.A. Khader, in his own words|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/11/stories/2008081158940200.htm|access-date=12 December 2020|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081022161828/http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/11/stories/2008081158940200.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=22 October 2008}}</ref> Khader would take Koya's message and leave his own personal stories out of his works through his career, with the note that the story was not a space for the author's personal grief, but should instead talk to society.<ref name=":5" />

He was the president of [[Purogamana Kala Sahitya Sangham]], an organization of artists, writers and art and literature enthusiasts based in Kerala.<ref name=Deshabhimani>K.S. Ravikumar (27 June 2016). [https://www.deshabhimani.com/special/news-weekendspecial-24-07-2016/577216 "തൃക്കോട്ടൂര്‍ പെരുമയുടെ കഥാകാരന്‍"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190224173357/https://www.deshabhimani.com/special/news-weekendspecial-24-07-2016/577216 |date=24 February 2019 }}. ''Deshabhimani''. Retrieved 24 February 2019.</ref> Over his career, he wrote over 70 books spanning short stories, fiction and non-fiction novels, and travelogues.<ref>{{Cite web|last=ANI|title=Renowned Malayalam writer UA Khader dies at 85|url=http://businessworld.in/article/Renowned-Malayalam-writer-UA-Khader-dies-at-85/12-12-2020-352971|access-date=12 December 2020|website=BW Businessworld|language=en|archive-date=30 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130125018/http://www.businessworld.in/article/Renowned-Malayalam-writer-UA-Khader-dies-at-85/12-12-2020-352971/|url-status=live}}</ref> Some of his notable works included ''Thrikkottur Peruma'', ''Aghorasivam, Arabikadalinte,'' ''Arippravinte Premam, Chempavizham, Katha Pole Jeevitham, Kalasam, Khuraisikkoottam, and Krishnamaniyile Theenaalam, Raziya Sultana'', ''Shathru,'' ''Srishtavinte Khajana, and Theeram.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=12 December 2020|title=Writer U.A. Khader is no more|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/writer-ua-khader-is-no-more/article33316979.ece|access-date=13 December 2020|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=12 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212185548/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/writer-ua-khader-is-no-more/article33316979.ece|url-status=live}}</ref>'' His books were translated into many languages including English, Kannada, Tamil, and Hindi.<ref name=":6" /> In his travelogue ''Ormakalude Pegoda'' ({{Translation|Pagoda of Memories}}), which was serialised in ''[[Madhyamam Weekly]]'' in January 2012, he describes his nostalgic experiences when he visited his hometown Yangon after 70 years.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Burmese Malayalis too savour chips, murukku|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/columns/keralaspora/2018/07/27/burmese-malayalis-too-savour-chips-murukku-kerala.html|access-date=12 December 2020|website=OnManorama|language=en|archive-date=28 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028022824/https://www.onmanorama.com/news/columns/keralaspora/2018/07/27/burmese-malayalis-too-savour-chips-murukku-kerala.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

His works often focused on the [[Malabar Coast|Northern Malabar]] region of Kerala and the rural life here, with stories building on local myths, customs, and rituals, including the ''nagappattu'' and ''[[theyyam]]''.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Anima|first=P.|date=8 November 2013|title=Raconteur of rustic tales|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-authors/raconteur-of-rustic-tales/article5329893.ece|access-date=12 December 2020|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=23 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223074404/https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-authors/raconteur-of-rustic-tales/article5329893.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> He notably shunned modernism in his works while sticking to local stories. He would say about his choice of stories, "Modernism pushed away the readers at the base. Writers were writing of urban life and alienation that the common man could not relate to."<ref name=":5" /> His women characters were noted to have a "characteristic spunk" having independent views and having a mythical aura with celestial beings, [[Yakshini]]s, as physical manifestations of the metaphorical idea of beauty, making regular appearances.<ref name=":5" /> He draws on celestial characters like [[Unniyarcha]] to demonstrate bravery.<ref name=":5" /> His works also spoke about familial migrations with households being run by women, when the menfolk emigrating for work to places like Myanmar and Singapore.<ref name=":5" />

Khader worked with the Kerala state government's health department administrative division between 1964 and 1990. During this time he was deputed to the Kozhikode ''Akashvani'' (Radio) division between 1967 and 1972.<ref name=":1"/> He had also worked briefly with the Institute of Maternal and Child Health within the Government Medical College in Kozhikode.''<ref name=":6" />''

He was a recipient of the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 2009 for his novella ''Thrikkottur Novellakal'' and had earlier received the [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Story|Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]] for ''Thrikkotur Peruma'' in 1983.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=12 December 2020|title=Renowned Malayalam writer UA Khader passes away|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/kerala/renowned-malayalam-writer-u-a-khader-passes-away/|access-date=12 December 2020|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=12 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212142324/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/kerala/renowned-malayalam-writer-u-a-khader-passes-away/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":4" />

== Death ==
He died on 12 December 2020 at a private hospital in Calicut.<ref name=":1"/> He had been suffering from respiratory ailments and was also undergoing treatment for cancer.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Eminent Malayalam writer UA Khader passes away at 85|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2020/dec/12/eminent-malayalam-writer-ua-khader-passes-away-at-85-2235407.html|access-date=12 December 2020|website=The New Indian Express|date=12 December 2020 |archive-date=12 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212174108/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2020/dec/12/eminent-malayalam-writer-ua-khader-passes-away-at-85-2235407.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Earlier in 2019, the Kerala state government had decided to cover his treatment expenses.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerala to meet treatment expenses of U A Khader|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/160619/kerala-to-meet-treatment-expenses-of-ua-khader.html|access-date=12 December 2020|website=Deccan Chronicle|date=16 June 2019|archive-date=17 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617061723/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/160619/kerala-to-meet-treatment-expenses-of-ua-khader.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
{{div col}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Kōl̲i mūnnuvaṭṭaṃ kūkuṃ munpȧ.|date=1962|publisher=Kēraḷā Bukkȧ Hausȧ|location=Koṭuṅṅallūr|oclc=20432615}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Kāṭṭile kathakaḷ, kāṭṭuvargakkāre sambandhicca kathakaḷ.|date=1962|publisher=Pi. Ke. Br̲adērsȧ|location=Kōl̲ikkōṭȧ|oclc=20432617}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Vaḷḷūramma: nōval|date=1965|publisher=Pi. Ke. Br̲adēl̲s|location=Kōl̲ikkōṭȧ|oclc=31932084}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Caṅṅala, nōval.|date=1966|publisher=Sāhityapr̲avartaka Sahakaraṇasaṅghaṃ|location=Kōṭṭayaṃ|oclc=20432622}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Pr̲ēmapūrvaṃ: cer̲ukathakaḷ|date=1967|publisher=Pi. Ke. Br̲adēl̲s|location=Kōl̲ikkōṭȧ|oclc=31932022}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Śatr̲u, nōval.|date=1967|publisher=Purabhātȧ Bukkhausȧ|location=Tiruvanatapuraṃ|oclc=31933066}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Missis Mēnōn: nōval|date=1972|publisher=Sāhityapr̲avarttaka Sahakaraṇasaṅghaṃ : [Sales Dept.], Nāṣanal Bukkst̲āḷ|location=Kōṭṭayaṃ|oclc=30905286}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Yamunayuṭe ur̲akaḷ: nōval|date=1972|publisher=Auroville Publishers] : Vitaraṇaṃ, Vidyārtthimitr̲aṃ Bukkuḍippō|location=Kottayam|oclc=30865223}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Iṇayuṭe vēdāntaṃ: nōval|date=1972|publisher=Āminā Bukkȧ St̲āḷ|location=Tr̥śūr|oclc=30903436}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=81664&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Khuraisi koottam|date=1974|publisher=S.P.C.S|location=Kottayam}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Khur̲aiśikkūṭṭaṃ: nōval|date=1974|publisher=Auroville Publishers : Vitaraṇaṃ, Vidyārtthimitr̲aṃ Bukkuḍippō|location=Kottayam|oclc=39768778}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Ar̲abikkaṭalint̲e tīraṃ: nōvaḷ|date=1979|publisher=Vidyārthimitr̲aṃ Bukkuḍippo|location=Kōṭṭayaṃ|oclc=6148197}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=77551&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Kunchabdulla Hajiyum Koottarum|date=1981|publisher=D.C. Books|location=Kottayam}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Aṭiyādhāraṃ|date=1986|publisher=Mātr̥bhumi Print̲iṅg ānt̲ Pabḷiṣiṅg Kampani|location=Kōl̲ikkōṭ|oclc=18636474}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Kadhar Ennal|date=1988|publisher=Ḍi. Si. Buks : Distributors, Current Books|location=Kōṭṭayaṃ|oclc=23925165}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=82783&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Nanikuttiyede nadu|date=1990|publisher=S.P.C.S|location=Kottayam}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Srastavinte Khajana Novalettukal.|date=1992|publisher=Kar̲ant̲ Buks|location=Tr̥śūr|oclc=31241343}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Thrikkottur Kathakal|date=1993|publisher=Ḍi. Si. Buks : Distributors, Current Books|isbn=978-81-7130-297-0|location=Kōṭṭayaṃ|oclc=31241307}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Pumarattalirukal|date=1995|publisher=Ḍi. Si. Buks|isbn=978-81-7130-555-1|location=Kottayam|oclc=35241032}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khadar|first=U. A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=krhxoDIRrPwC|title=Katha Pole Jeevitham|date=1996|publisher=DC Books|isbn=978-81-7130-119-5}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Krishnanmaniyie Tinalam Kathakal|date=1999|publisher=Ḍi. Si. Buks : Distributors, Current Books|isbn=978-81-7130-989-4|location=Kottayam|oclc=44167509}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Aghorasivam|date=2000|publisher=Ḍi. Si. Buks : Distributors, Current Books|isbn=978-81-264-0112-3|location=Kottayam|oclc=45438645}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Mesavilakku: Novel.|date=2002|publisher=Kar̲ant̲ Buks : Distribution, CosmoBooks|location=Tr̥śśūr|oclc=52326541}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=84696&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Poomarathalirukal|date=2004|publisher=Lipi Publications|location=Kozhikode}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last1=Khader|first1=U. A.|title=Kalasam|last2=Tilak|first2=Ḍō. Pi. Ke|date=2004|publisher=Ḍi. Si. Buks|isbn=978-81-264-0902-0|location=Kottayam|oclc=60393169}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Nanikkuttiyute Nat|date=2006|publisher=Grīn Buks|isbn=978-81-88582-87-7|location=Thrissur|oclc=70200280}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=283573&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Anuragam ivan padumpol|date=2007|publisher=Green Books|isbn=978-81-8423-086-4|location=Kozhikode}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=85821&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Mesavilakku|date=2007|publisher=Poorna Publications|isbn=978-81-300-0723-6|location=Kozhikode}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=86103&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Malayalathinte suvarna kathakal|date=2007|publisher=Green Books|isbn=978-81-8423-087-1|location=Thrissur}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=329876&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Thrikkottur novellakal|date=2007|publisher=D.C. Bookks|location=Kottayam}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=104260&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Padippura varthamanam|date=2008|publisher=Mathrubhumi Books|isbn=978-81-8264-694-0|location=Kozhikode|archive-date=5 September 2022|access-date=12 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905234730/https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=104260&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|url-status=dead}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Anubhavaṃ, ōrma, yātr̲a|date=2010|publisher=Oliv|isbn=978-81-87474-97-5|location=Kozhikode|oclc=659307155}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Vaṃśāvaliyuṭe cōrakkinippukaḷ|date=2010|publisher=Ḍi. Si. Buks|isbn=978-81-264-2861-8|location=Kottayam|oclc=702169224}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=283363&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Thrikottoor novellakal|date=2010|publisher=D C Books|isbn=978-81-264-1708-7|location=Kottayam}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=105683&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Adayala mudrakal: ormakal|date=2011|publisher=Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative society|isbn=978-0-00-017185-6|location=Kottayam}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=336737&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Poomarathalirukal|date=2011|publisher=Poorna Publication|location=Kozhikode}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=115007&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=U A Khadarinte thirenjetutha kathakal|date=2012|publisher=Poorna|isbn=978-81-300-0802-8|edition=2nd|location=Kozhikode}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|title=Ormakalute Pegoda|date=2012|publisher=DC Books : Distributors, Current Books|isbn=978-81-264-3977-5|location=Kottayam|oclc=876816870}}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=330273&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=U. A. Khadarinte thiranhedutha kathakal|date=2012|publisher=Poorna|isbn=978-81-300-0802-8|location=Kozhikode}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=291688&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=U A Khader kathakal|date=2013|publisher=Chintha pub|isbn=978-93-83155-26-2|location=Thiruvananthapuram}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=115453&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Manava kulam|date=2016|publisher=D C books|isbn=978-81-264-6725-9|location=Kottayam}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=117303&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Aakasavanikkalam|date=2017|publisher=Poorna|isbn=978-81-300-1931-4|location=Kozhikode}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=351120&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Ente deshabhimanakkalam|date=2018|publisher=Green Books|isbn=978-93-87357-56-3}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=352333&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Thudakkam nenchidippode|date=2018|publisher=Saikatham Books LLP|isbn=978-93-88343-27-5}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* {{Cite book|last=Khader|first=U. A.|url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=117917&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|title=Vaaye paathaalam|archive-date=4 August 2022|access-date=12 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804005501/https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=117917&query_desc=au:%22Khader,%20U%20A.%22|url-status=dead}}
{{div col end}}


==Awards==
* 1984: [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Story]] – ''Thrikkottur Peruma''<ref>[http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/ksa/Awards/Stories.htm "Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Story"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701125549/http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/ksa/Awards/Stories.htm |date=1 July 2017}}. [[Government of Kerala]]. Retrieved 20 December 2019.</ref>
* 1993: S. K. Pottekkattu Award – ''Katha Pole Jeevitham''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=UNI India – Noted Malayalam Writer Novelist U A Khader Dies|url=http://www.uniindia.com/noted-malayalam-writer-novelist-u-a-khader-dies/south/news/2261722.html|access-date=12 December 2020|website=UNI India|archive-date=12 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412065721/http://www.uniindia.com/noted-malayalam-writer-novelist-u-a-khader-dies/south/news/2261722.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* 1993: [[Abu Dhabi Sakthi Award]] (Novel) – ''Oru Piti Vattu<ref>{{Cite web|title=U A Khader bags Mathrubhumi Literary Award 2019|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/books/books-news/u-a-khader-bags-mathrubhumi-literary-award-2019--1.4372407|access-date=12 December 2020|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en|archive-date=19 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219012513/https://english.mathrubhumi.com/books/books-news/u-a-khader-bags-mathrubhumi-literary-award-2019--1.4372407|url-status=dead}}</ref>''
* 1999: C. H. Mohammed Koya Award – ''Kalimuttam<ref name=":0" />''
* 2002: [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel]] – ''അഘോരശിവം''
* 2009: [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Malayalam|Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award]] – ''Thrikkottur Peruma''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mathrubhumi.com/english/news.php?id=28086 |title="Kendra Sahithya Academy award for U A Khader" |access-date=6 November 2011 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203181216/http://www.mathrubhumi.com/english/news.php?id=28086 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 2019: [[Mathrubhumi Literary Award]] – Contributions to Malayalam literature<ref>{{cite news |title=U A Khader bags Mathrubhumi Literary Award 2019 |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/books/books-news/u-a-khader-bags-mathrubhumi-literary-award-2019--1.4372407 |access-date=20 December 2019 |newspaper=Mathrubhumi |location=[[Calicut]] |date=18 December 2019 |archive-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219012513/https://english.mathrubhumi.com/books/books-news/u-a-khader-bags-mathrubhumi-literary-award-2019--1.4372407 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Sahitya Akademi Award For Malayalam}}
{{Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship}}
{{Malayalam Literature |state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khader, U. A.}}
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:Indian people of Burmese descent]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language novelists]]
[[Category:Malayalam short story writers]]
[[Category:People from Kozhikode district]]
[[Category:People from Mon State]]
[[Category:Indian expatriates in British Burma]]
[[Category:Burmese Muslims]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Malayalam]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:Novelists from Kerala]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian short story writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:Indian travel writers]]
[[Category:Deaths from lung cancer in India]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Abu Dhabi Sakthi Award]]

Defence Space Agency

2026-01-21T12:14:37Z

Marinazhg: cleaned up details and fixed typos

{{Short description|Indian Armed Forces Agency/Unit responsible for space warfare}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2025}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = Defence Space Agency
| native_name =
| image = File:Defence Space Agency India.png
| image_size = 250px
| alt =
| caption = [[Insignia]] of the Defence Space Agency
| dates = {{Unbulleted_list|'''Established:''' {{Start date and age|2018|09|28|df=yes}}<ref name=created1 /><ref name=created2 />|'''Operational:''' {{Start date|2019|11||df=yes}}<ref name=TOI />}}
| country = India
| allegiance =
| branch =
| type = [[Indian Armed Forces Tri-Service Commands|Integrated tri-services agency]]
| role = [[Space Warfare]] [[Geospatial intelligence|Satellite Intelligence]]
| size =
| command_structure = [[Integrated Defence Staff]]<ref name=IDS />
| garrison = [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]]<ref name=headquarter />
| garrison_label = Headquarters
| nickname =
| motto =
| colors = 
| colors_label = 
| march =
| mascot =
| anniversaries =
| equipment =
| equipment_label =
| battles =
| decorations =
| battle_honours =
| battle_honours_label =
| website = 
| current_commander =
| commander1 = [[Air vice marshal (India)|Air Vice Marshal]] Pavan Kumar, [[Vayu Sena Medal|VM]]<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1773007683135909941 |user=HQ_IDS_India |title=AVM Pawan Kumar DG Defence Space Agency #DSA, #HQ_IDS delivered an insightful talk on 'Exploration of Space Domain' at #MILIT, Pune... |date=2024-03-27 |access-date=2025-06-30}}</ref>
| commander1_label =
| commander2 =
| commander2_label =
| commander3 =
| commander3_label =
| commander4 =
| commander4_label =
| commander5 =
| commander5_label =
| commander6 =
| commander6_label =
| commander7 =
| commander7_label =
| commander8 =
| commander8_label =
| commander9 =
| commander9_label =
| notable_commanders = 
| identification_symbol =
| identification_symbol_label =
| identification_symbol_2 =
| identification_symbol_2_label =
| identification_symbol_3 =
| identification_symbol_3_label =
| identification_symbol_4 =
| identification_symbol_4_label =
| identification_symbol_5 =
| identification_symbol_5_label =
}}

The '''Defence Space Agency''' ('''DSA''') is an [[Integrated Theatre Command (India)|integrated tri-services agency]] of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] headquartered in [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]], Karnataka. The agency is tasked with operating the [[space warfare]] and [[Geospatial intelligence|satellite intelligence]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=2019-05-16 |title=Agencies take shape for special operations, space, cyber war |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-begins-setting-up-new-tri-service-agencies-to-handle-special-operations-space-and-cyberspace/articleshow/69346012.cms |access-date=2024-10-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> assets of India. The DSA draws personnel from all three branches of the Armed Forces.

The agency is expected to be converted into a full sized [[Joint warfare|tri-service]] military [[Command (military formation)|command]] in the future.<ref name=TOI />

== Background ==

=== History ===
{{anchor | History | Origin | Origins }}

The Naresh Chandra Task Force was set up in July 2011 by [[National Security Advisor (India)|National Security Advisor]] [[Shivshankar Menon]] to review the recommendations of the [[Kargil Review Committee]], assess the implementation progress and further suggest new reforms related to national security.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/opinion/manoj-joshi/story/national-security-naresh-chandra-gom-manmohan-singh-cabinet-committee-on-security-ministry-of-defence-chandra-committee-iaf-army-218292-2013-11-22|title=Shutting his ears to change|last1=Joshi|first1=Manoj|website=India Today|date=22 November 2013 |language=en|access-date=25 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsis.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/PR140301_The_Unending_Quest_to_Reform_India_National_Security_System.pdf|title=Policy Report: The Unending Quest to Reform India National Security System|last=Joshi|first=Manoj|date=March 2014|website=S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) (www.rsis.edu.sg)|access-date=25 September 2019}}</ref> The task force was led by [[Naresh Chandra]], retired [[Indian Administrative Service]] officer, and comprised 13{{Nbsp}}other members, including [[Gopalaswami Parthasarathy]], [[Srinivasapuram Krishnaswamy|Air Chief Marshal Srinivasapuram Krishnaswamy]] (Retd), [[Arun Prakash|Admiral Arun Prakash]] (Retd), [[V. R. Raghavan|Lt Gen V. R. Raghavan]] (Retd), [[Anil Kakodkar]], [[K. C. Verma|K C Verma]] and [[V. K. Duggal|V K Duggal]]. The committee conducted the first holistic review of national security since the Kargil Review Committee and submitted its classified report to [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Manmohan Singh]] on 23{{Nbsp}}May{{Nbsp}}2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/news/report/naresh-chandra-task-force-to-recommend-permanent-head-chiefs-of-staff-committee/20120523.htm|title=All eyes on Naresh Chandra report on natl security today|website=[[Rediff.com|Rediff]]|access-date=25 September 2019}}</ref> Among its recommendations, the Task Force recommended the creation of a [[Defence Cyber Agency|cyber command]], an aerospace command and a [[Armed Forces Special Operations Division|special operations command]]. All three units were proposed to be tri-service commands.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/book-defence-reform-3.pdf|title=Defence Reforms: A National Imperative|last1=Kanwal|first1=Gurmeet|last2=Kohli|first2=Neha|website=Brookings|access-date=25 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2019/may/16/formation-of-indian-armed-forces-special-operations-unit-begins-to-have-3000-commandos-1977651.html|title=Formation of Indian armed forces' special operations unit begins, to have 3000 commandos|website=The New Indian Express|date=16 May 2019 |access-date=25 September 2019}}</ref> The DSA is a downsized implementation of this proposal.<ref name=TOI />

The creation of the Defence Space Agency (DSA), the [[Defence Cyber Agency]] (DCA), and the [[Armed Forces Special Operations Division]] (AFSOD) was approved by [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]] during the Combined Commanders' Conference at [[Jodhpur Airport|Jodhpur Air Force Station]] on 28 September 2018.<ref name="created1">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/pm-narendra-modi-attends-combined-commanders-conference-in-jodhpur/articleshow/65996826.cms|title=PM Narendra Modi attends Combined Commanders' Conference in Jodhpur|date=2018-09-28|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-09-25}}</ref><ref name="created2">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/major-general-a-k-dhingra-appointed-as-the-first-special-operations-division-commander/articleshow/69339545.cms|title=Major General A K Dhingra appointed as the first Special Operations Division Commander|date=2019-05-15|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-10-07|archive-date=20 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820205749/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/major-general-a-k-dhingra-appointed-as-the-first-special-operations-division-commander/articleshow/69339545.cms|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Defence Imagery Processing and Analysis Centre in [[Delhi]] and the Defence Satellite Control Centre in [[Bhopal]] were subsumed by the DSA.<ref name="TOI" />

On 7 April 2024, India’s [[Chief of Defence Staff (India)|Chief of Defence Staff]] (CDS), [[General (India)|General]] [[Anil Chauhan]], announced the forthcoming release of a dedicated military space doctrine within two to three months as well as the underway formulation of a national military [[space policy]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-04-08 |title='Military space doctrine' in 2-3 months: CDS Anil Chauhan amid China push |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/military-space-doctrine-in-2-3-months-cds-anil-chauhan-amid-china-push/articleshow/120075733.cms |access-date=2025-04-08 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Deshpande |first=Smruti |date=2025-04-07 |title=Military space doctrine & national military space policy on the anvil, says CDS Gen Chauhan |url=https://theprint.in/defence/military-space-doctrine-national-military-space-policy-on-the-anvil-says-cds-gen-chauhan/2581299/ |access-date=2025-04-08 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> The "Joint Military Space Doctrine" was released on 16 September 2025, the second day of [[Integrated Theatre Command (India)#2025|Combined Commanders' Conference (CCC) 2025]], at the [[Fort William, West Bengal|headquarters]] Army [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]], [[Fort William, West Bengal|Fort William]], [[Kolkata]].<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Armed Forces shape future roadmap at Combined Commanders’ Conference 2025 |date=2025-09-17 |publisher=[[Press Information Bureau]] |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2167585 |access-date=2025-09-18}}</ref>

=== Organisation ===
{{anchor | Organisation | Role }}

DSA, headquartered in [[Bangalore]]<ref name="headquarter">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/defence-space-agency-to-come-up-at-bengaluru/articleshow/69345697.cms|title=Defence Space agency to come up at Bengaluru|date=2019-05-15|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-10-07}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and functioning under the [[Integrated Defence Staff]]<ref name="IDS">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/centre-names-officers-for-tri-service-divisions/article27142117.ece|title=Centre names officers for tri-service divisions|last=Peri|first=Dinakar|date=2019-05-16|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-10-07|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> with military personnel from all the three branches of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] deputed to the agency,<ref name=IDS /> became fully operational in 2019<ref name="TOI">{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-begins-setting-up-new-tri-service-agencies-to-handle-special-operations-space-and-cyberspace/articleshow/69346012.cms|title=Agencies take shape for special operations, space, cyber war|date=15 May 2019|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en|access-date=2019-09-25}}</ref> with the aim to protect Indian interests in [[outer space]], develop a [[space warfare]] strategy, and deal with potential [[Space warfare|space wars]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/government-finalises-broad-contours-of-defence-space-agency/articleshow/69745921.cms|title=Government finalises broad contours of defence space agency|date=2019-06-11|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref> by leveraging the [[Signals intelligence|Signals Intelligence]] (SIGINT), [[Electronic intelligence|Electronic Intelligence]] (ELINT), [[Communication intelligence|Communication Intelligence]] (COMINT), and space-based surveillance and tracking systems.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Peri|first=Dinakar|date=2021-03-26|title=Two years since ASAT test, DRDO working on several key space technologies|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/two-years-since-asat-test-drdo-working-on-several-key-space-technologies/article34171447.ece|access-date=2021-03-28|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=D'Souza|first=Caroline Esther|date=2021-03-26|title=India increases military capabilities in space two years after Mission Shakti|url=https://zeenews.india.com/india/india-increases-military-capabilities-in-space-two-years-after-mission-shakti-2350777.html|access-date=2021-03-28|website=Zee News|language=en}}</ref>

=== Defence Space Research Agency ===
{{anchor | DSRA }}

The Defence Space Research Agency (DSRA) is the scientific organisation responsible for developing space-warfare systems and technologies for the Defence Space Agency. The DSRA was approved by the [[Government of India]] in June 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/defence-space-research-agency-modi-govt-approves-new-body-to-develop-space-warfare-weapon-systems-1546951-2019-06-11|title=Defence Space Research Agency: Modi govt approves new body to develop space weapon systems|date=11 June 2019|website=India Today|language=en|access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref> The DSRA is composed of scientists who undertake research and development in close coordination with the [[Integrated Defence Staff]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/modi-govt-approves-new-agency-to-develop-space-warfare-weapon-systems-119061100627_1.html|title=Modi govt approves new agency to develop space warfare weapon systems|last=ANI|date=2019-06-11|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref> Various types of [[Anti-satellite weapon]] systems are currently under development.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Pandit |first=Rajat |date=2019-04-07 |title=Satellite-killer not a one-off, India working on star wars armoury |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/satellite-killer-not-a-one-off-india-working-on-star-wars-armoury/articleshow/68758674.cms |access-date=2025-10-06 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Space Command ==
{{anchor | Command | Space Command }}

In 2023, [[Indian Air Force]] proposed to transition itself into '''Indian Air and Space Force''' ('''IASF''') with an enhanced focus on space-based capabilities, including plans to operate over 100 small and large military satellites within next 7 to 8 years by expanding the role of DSA to a full-fledged '''Space Command'''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pandit |first=Rajat |date=2023-12-11 |title=IAF goes full throttle to turn into an 'aerospace power' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/iaf-goes-full-throttle-to-turn-into-an-aerospace-power/articleshow/105885149.cms |access-date=2024-12-26 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

In order to strengthen DSA and other related organizations by increasing manpower, ground-based infrastructure, and space-based assets to enhance India's [[Space warfare|space-centric warfare]], space asset protection, and risk mitigation capabilities, the [[Department of Military Affairs]] presented a comprehensive transition plan to the key stakeholders, including the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|MoD]], [[ISRO]] and [[DRDO]], in December 2024. The Indian government had previously accepted DSA's SBS-III project, which calls for the launch of 52 military communication and surveillance satellites for the Indian military between 2025 and 2029, prior to the presentation of this transition plan.<ref name=":7">{{Cite news |date=2024-12-17 |title=Preparing for future warfare, Indian defence forces looking to expand space assets, manpower |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/preparing-for-future-warfare-indian-defence-forces-looking-to-expand-space-assets-manpower/articleshow/116406579.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2024-12-26 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref>

== Anti-satellite programme ==
{{anchor | Anti }}
{{further|Mission Shakti}}
[[File:Launch of DRDO's Ballistic Missile Defence interceptor missile for an ASAT test on 27 March 2019.jpg|thumb|200px|Indian ASAT missile, taking off during test in March 2019.]]

===Origin: BMD (Ballistic Missile Defence) programme ===

The origin of the Indian ASAT programme can be traced back to its [[Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme|BMD program]], which began in 1999 in response to threats posed by the [[Ballistic missile]]s of [[Pakistan]] and [[China]].<ref name="vk">[http://www.defensenews.com/aero/story.php?id=2524130 Interview: Vijay Kumar Saraswat]{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> In 2006 and 2007, India tested its first exo atmospheric interceptor and has developed many interceptors since then.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ratliff |first=Ben |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2009/03/06/asia/AS-India-Missile-Defense.php |title=India successfully tests missile interceptor |work=International Herald Tribune |access-date = 27 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/latest-headlines/story/drdo-readies-shield-against-chinese-icbms-41421-2009-03-08 |title=DRDO readies shield against Chinese ICBMs |work=India Today |date=9 March 2009 |access-date = 27 April 2019}}</ref> On 18 March 2008, [[DRDO]] Chief [[V. K. Saraswat]] stated that India possessed technology required for an ASAT missile, reiterating it in February 2010.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/india-successfully-tests-asat-missile-joins-space-superpower-club-119032800048_1.html|title=India successfully tests ASAT missile, joins space superpower club|last=Shukla|first=Ajai|date=2019-03-28|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2019-10-07|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814090312/https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/india-successfully-tests-asat-missile-joins-space-superpower-club-119032800048_1.html|archive-date=14 August 2019}}</ref> India is known to have been developing an [[Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme|exo-atmospheric kill vehicle]] that can be integrated with the missile to engage satellites.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.strategicfront.org/india-needs-demonstrate-asat-capability-publicly/|title=Why India Needs to Demonstrate Anti Satellite (ASAT) Capability - Publicly - Strategic Frontier Research Foundation|date=12 February 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051723/https://www.strategicfront.org/india-needs-demonstrate-asat-capability-publicly/|archive-date=2017-12-22|access-date=2015-06-11}}</ref> In April 2012, Saraswat again said that India possessed the critical technologies for an ASAT weapon from radars and interceptors developed for [[Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/agni-v-drdo-chief-dr-vijay-kumar-saraswat-interview-100405-2012-04-27|title=India has all the building blocks for an anti-satellite capability|last=Unnithan|first=Sandeep|date=27 April 2012|newspaper=[[India Today]]|access-date=7 October 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327081410/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/agni-v-drdo-chief-dr-vijay-kumar-saraswat-interview-100405-2012-04-27|archive-date=27 March 2019|df=dmy-all}}</ref> India had begun work on its ASAT soon after the [[2007 Chinese anti-satellite missile test]].<ref name=":1" />

===ASAT: Anti-satellite weapons===

India's [[Anti-satellite weapon]] (ASAT) program commenced in March 2019, months before the operationalisation of the Defence Space Agency, when India conducted an ASAT test aimed at demonstrating India's anti-satellite capability.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-satellite-idUSKCN1R80IA|title=Modi hails India as military space power after anti-satellite missile test|date=2019-03-28|work=Reuters|access-date=2019-10-07|language=en}}</ref> In 2019, India was working on directed energy ASAT weapons, co-orbital ASAT weapons, lasers and electromagnetic pulse (EMP) based ASAT weapons. The ability to protect space assets from hostile electronic and physical attacks was also being developed by India.<ref name=":0" />

== Military exercises ==

=== IndSpaceEx 2019 ===

India conducted its first simulated [[space warfare]] exercise on 25 and 26 July 2019, called ''IndSpaceEx''. The exercise was conducted under the supervision of the [[Integrated Defence Staff]]. The exercise was aimed at obtaining an assessment of threats and the creation of a joint space warfare doctrine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/eye-on-china-india-set-to-kickstart-1st-space-war-drill/articleshow/70354760.cms|title=Eye on China, India set to kickstart 1st space war drill {{!}} India News - Times of India|date=24 July 2019|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/space-defence-is-india-prepared-to-fight-and-win-tomorrows-wars-4314861.html|title=Space Defence {{!}} Is India prepared to fight, and win tomorrow's wars?|website=Moneycontrol|date=9 August 2019 |access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref>

=== Antariksha Abhyan (2024-present) ===

The first edition of the exercise was conducted from 11 to 13 November 2024 by Headquarters Integrated Defence Staff. The exercise simulated various scenarios of [[war-game]] the growing threats from and to Space Based Assets and Services.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-11 |title=First Ever Space Exercise ‘Antariksha Abhyas – 2024’ hosted by Defence Space Agency begins in New Delhi |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2072518 |access-date=2024-11-11 |website=[[Press Information Bureau]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2024-11-14 |title=Defence Space Agency conducts maiden tabletop exercise ‘Antariksha Abhyas’ |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/defence-space-agency-conducts-maiden-tabletop-exercise-antariksha-abhyas/article68864582.ece |access-date=2025-09-12 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Space assets ==

=== Space Based Surveillance (SBS) project ===
{{Main|Space Based Surveillance project (India)}}
The Space Based Surveillance is a series of projects taken up by the [[Government of India]] to launch a constellation of satellites for [[Earth observation satellite|earth observation]] roles. Additionally, the Indian Armed Forces also operates [[communications satellite]]s of the GSAT-7 series of which [[GSAT-7]] and [[GSAT-7A]] are active while [[GSAT-7B]], [[GSAT-7C]] and [[GSAT-7R]] are planned for launch.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Ray |first=Kalyan |date=2025-02-12 |title=Aero Show 2025: First batch of satellites under new space surveillance programme to be launched by 2027-28 |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/bengaluru/aero-show-2025-first-batch-of-satellites-under-new-space-surveillance-programme-to-be-launched-by-2027-28-3402717 |access-date=2025-02-12 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref>
=== Mission DefSpace ===
'''Mission DefSpace''' is an initiative launched in October 2022 by the [[Defence Innovation Organisation]] (DIO) under the [[Innovations for Defence Excellence|iDEX]] framework to promote indigenous development of dual-use technologies for India’s defence-space ecosystem with DSA.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 October 2022 |title=Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi inaugurates DefExpo22 in Gandhinagar, Gujarat |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1869117 |access-date=26 November 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]] |agency=Ministry of Defence, Government of India}}</ref> The programme was announced at [[Defence Exhibition Organisation#DefExpo|DefExpo 2022]] and introduced 75 “Defence Space Challenges” covering areas such as launch system, satellite system, communication and payload system, ground system and software system.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Shishir |date=2022-10-18 |title=PM Modi to launch Defence Space Mission with 75 innovative challenges |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pm-narendra-modi-launches-defence-space-mission-takes-on-75-challenges-101666091036162.html |access-date=2025-11-26 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref>

Through challenge-based funding and procurement-linked grants, Mission DefSpace enables start-ups, MSMEs, and research institutions to co-develop technologies that complement the operational needs of the Defence Space Agency and the Indian armed forces.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yadav |first=Pooja |date=2023-04-23 |title=What Is Mission Def-Space And How Will It Encourage Innovative Solutions In The Space Industry? |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/explainers/news/what-is-mission-def-space-and-how-will-it-encourage-innovative-solutions-in-the-space-industry-599556.html |access-date=2025-11-26 |website=Indiatimes |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-07 |title=CDS Anil Chauhan calls upon industry to work on counter-space capabilities as deterrent for safeguarding country's space assets |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/cds-anil-chauhan-calls-upon-industry-to-work-on-counter-space-capabilities-as-deterrent-for-safeguarding-countrys-space-assets20240207155858/ |access-date=2025-11-26 |website=ANI News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jacob |first=Jeffy |date=2024-04-18 |title=India’s Ambitious Leap in Space Commerce and Defence |url=https://geospatialworld.net/prime/indias-ambitious-space-commerce-defence/ |access-date=2025-11-26 |website=Geospatial World |language=en-US}}</ref> Companies signing iDEX agreements include Sisir Radar (developing L- and P-band SAR payloads and an unfurlable antenna), Space Kidz India (CubeSat deployers), and Kepler Aerospace (CubeSat-class surveillance satellites), among others.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Surendra |date=2023-10-20 |title=Former Isro director’s startup wins iDEX Challenge for developing SAR payload for satellites |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/former-isro-directors-startup-wins-idex-challenge-for-developing-sar-payload-for-satellites/articleshow/104568003.cms |access-date=2025-11-26 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jagannathan |first=Venkatachari |date=2025-07-09 |title=Kepler Wins Defence Deal for Swarming Satellites |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/report/kepler-wins-defence-deal-for-swarming-satellites/20250709.htm |access-date=2025-11-26 |website=Rediff |language=en}}</ref>

Mission DefSpace represents a major step toward self-reliance under the [[Atmanirbhar Bharat]] initiative, fostering public–private collaboration in space-based intelligence, surveillance, communications, and situational awareness for India’s defence establishment.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajagopalan |first=Rajeswari Pillai |date=2022-10-21 |title=India’s Mission DefSpace |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/10/indias-mission-defspace/ |access-date=2025-11-26 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Peri |first=Dinakar |date=2023-04-11 |title=We are seeing militarisation of space, steady progress towards weaponisation: Chief of Defence Staff |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/we-are-witnessing-militarisation-of-space-and-steady-progress-towards-weaponisation-cds/article66725336.ece |access-date=2025-11-26 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

The CEO of the Defence Innovation Organization and the Additional Secretary of Defence Production signed the first iDEX contract for a micro-propulsion system for cubesats on May 15, 2023. A gas-based technology is being developed for this purpose by the Indian firm InspeCity. Once this technology is established, it can be merged with other satellites, such as the cubesat swarm under Mission DefSpace.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jha |first=Manish Kumar |date=2023-05-15 |title=iDEX-DIO inks the first Micropropulsion system contract with a private space company |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-idex-dio-inks-the-first-micropropulsion-system-contract-with-a-private-space-company-3088871/ |access-date=2025-11-26 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref>

On July 25, 2023, [[Pixxel]] received funding from iDEX to produce small, multi-payload satellites for the [[Indian Air Force|IAF]] that might weigh up to {{convert|150|kg|lb|abbr=on}}. These satellites will be built for [[Hyperspectral imaging|hyperspectral]], [[Infrared imager|infrared]], [[Electro-optical sensor|electro-optical]], and [[Synthetic-aperture radar|synthetic aperture radar]] applications. The funding is a component of the SPARKS project.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2023-07-25 |title=Space startup Pixxel wins defence ministry grant to build satellites for Air Force |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/space-startup-pixxel-wins-defence-ministry-grant-to-build-satellites-for-iaf-2411704-2023-07-25 |access-date=2025-11-26 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

== List of Indian military satellites ==
{{anchor|Milsat|MilSat|Present military satellites}}

As of 2024, India operates 9 military satellites.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Satellite Database {{!}} Union of Concerned Scientists |url=https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/satellite-database |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.ucsusa.org |language=en}}</ref> Of these, three strategic satellites including two communication satellites ([[GSAT-7]] and [[GSAT-7A]])<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |date=2023-03-31 |title=After Navy & IAF, Army to get dedicated satellite Gsat-7B as MoD inks Rs 3k cr deal with NSIL |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/after-navy-iaf-army-to-get-dedicated-satellite-gsat-7b-as-mod-inks-rs-3k-cr-deal-with-nsil/articleshow/99129740.cms |access-date=2024-10-21 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=As Space Security Scares Mount, India Works on Military Space Capabilities |url=https://thewire.in/space/as-space-security-scares-mount-india-works-on-military-space-capabilities |access-date=2024-10-21 |website=The Wire |language=en}}</ref> are for dedicated military use, while the rest are dual-purpose satellites with military and civilian applications.<ref name=":8" />

=== Operational ===
{{Incomplete list|date=October 2024}}

* '''RISAT-2B series'''
# [[RISAT-2B]]: Launched on 22 May 2019 has replaced the retired [[RISAT-2]]. The primary requirement of the satellite is military surveillance along with secondary civilian purposes like [[disaster management]], [[agriculture]] and [[forestry]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=D.S |first=Madhumathi |date=2019-04-02 |title=Starting May, ISRO to launch a string of 'defence' satellites |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/starting-may-isro-to-launch-a-string-of-defence-satellites/article26714439.ece/amp |access-date=2024-10-22 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name="Display">{{cite web |date=27 April 2021 |title=Display: RISAT-2B 2019-028A |url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2019-028A |access-date=14 May 2021 |publisher=NASA}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
# [[RISAT-2BR1]]: Launched on 11 December 2019 as a part of [[RISAT]] series. It can distinguish between objects which are 35 cm apart.<ref name="firstpost.com"/>

* '''Cartosat-2 series'''
# [[CARTOSAT-2B]] carries a panchromatic (PAN) camera capable of taking black-and-white pictures in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum which has a resolution of 80 centimetres.<ref name="cartosat22">{{cite web |title=Cartosat 2 and 2B/Alsat 2A/StudSAT/Cartosat 2A/ISRO/PSLV C15 Rocket |url=http://www.imagine18.com/cartosat-2-and-2b-alsat-2a-studsat-cartosat-2a-isro-pslv-c15-rocket/9199/09/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716191437/http://www.imagine18.com/cartosat-2-and-2b-alsat-2a-studsat-cartosat-2a-isro-pslv-c15-rocket/9199/09 |archive-date=16 July 2010 |access-date=19 July 2010}}</ref> The highly agile CARTOSAT-2B can be steered up to 45 deg along as well as across the direction of its movement to facilitate imaging of any area more frequently and offers multiple spot scene imagery.<ref>{{cite web |date=12 July 2010 |title=Spy satellite to catch miners, land encroachers |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/81017/spy-satellite-catch-miners-land.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=CartoSat-2B - eoPortal |url=https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/cartosat-2b#mission-capabilities |access-date=2024-10-21 |website=www.eoportal.org}}</ref>
# [[Cartosat-2C]]: Launched in June 2016, the satellite was used in [[reconnaissance]] purposes before and during [[2016 Indian Line of Control strike]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-09-30 |title=Surgical Strikes: First major use of Cartosat images for Army |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/surgical-strikes-first-major-use-of-cartosat-images-for-army/articleshow/54596113.cms |access-date=2024-10-22 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
# [[Cartosat-2E]]: Launched on 23 June 2017, the Cartosat-2E satellite was designed to collect high-resolution (0.6 m×0.6 m), large scale imagery. The satellite provides an edge in warfare with clearer images. The satellite is also used for urban planning, infrastructure development and traffic management.<ref name="firstpost.com">{{Cite web |date=2021-11-24 |title=Defence ministry clears proposal for GSAT-7C satellite for IAF: A look at other military satellites in India |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/defence-ministry-clears-proposal-for-gsat-7c-satellite-for-iaf-a-look-at-other-military-satellites-in-india-10160861.html |access-date=2024-10-21 |website=Firstpost |language=en-us}}</ref>

* '''EOS series'''
# [[EOS-01]] (previously RISAT-2BR2)

* '''GSAT-7 series'''
# [[GSAT-7]] was launched in 2013 for the exclusive use of the [[Indian Navy]] to monitor the [[Indian Ocean|Indian Ocean Region]] (IOR) with the satellite's 2,000 nautical mile ‘footprint’ and real-time input capabilities to Indian warships, submarines and maritime aircraft.<ref name="howmany2">[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/why-isros-gsat-7a-launch-is-important-for-iaf/articleshow/67153347.cms Why Isro's Gsat-7A launch is important for the Indian Air Force], Times of India, 19 Dec 2018.</ref> To boost its network-centric operations, the IAF is also likely to get another satellite [[GSAT-7C]] within a few years.<ref name="howmany2"/>
# [[GSAT-7A]]: Launched in December 2018 for the exclusive military use for the [[Indian Air Force]].<ref name="howmany2"/><ref name=":03"/> GSAT-7A allows IAF to interlink different ground radar stations, ground airbase, aircraft to aircraft [[Real-time Control System]], [[AEW&C]] aircraft such as [[Beriev A-50]]-based [[EL/W-2090|Phalcon]] and [[DRDO AEW&CS|DRDO Netra]]. The satellite enhances [[network-centric warfare]] capabilities of the Indian Air Force and its global operations.<ref name="ku1">[https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/dec/20/chandrayaan-2-on-track-32-missions-next-year-isro-1914082.html Chandrayaan-2 on track, 32 missions next year: ISRO], Indian Express, 20 Dec 2018.</ref><ref name="howmany2"/> The satellite is also used by [[Indian Army]]'s [[Army Aviation Corps (India)|Aviation Corps]] for real-time control and communication of its aviation operations.<ref name=":04">{{Cite web |title=India's Tech Roadmap Points to Small Sats, Space Weapons |url=http://archive.defensenews.com/article/20130910/DEFREG03/309100007/India-s-Tech-Roadmap-Points-Small-Sats-Space-Weapons |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150121220451/http://archive.defensenews.com/article/20130910/DEFREG03/309100007/India-s-Tech-Roadmap-Points-Small-Sats-Space-Weapons |archive-date=2015-01-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IAF to induct 214 fifth generation fighter jets |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/iaf-to-induct-214-fifth-generation-fighter-jets/189940-3.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006000407/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/iaf-to-induct-214-fifth-generation-fighter-jets/189940-3.html |archive-date=2011-10-06}}</ref>

* '''HySIS series'''
# [[HySIS]], a dual use satellite, was also launched in November 2013, which is used by the navy.<ref>[https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/with-gsat-7a-isro-launches-angry-bird-for-iaf/3-satellites-in-35-days/slideshow/67173280.cms 3 satellites in 35 days], Economic Times, Dec 2018.</ref> HySIS carries two payloads, the first in the [[VNIR|Visible Near Infrared (VNIR)]] spectral range of 0.4 to 0.95 micrometres with 60 contiguous spectral bands and the second in the Shortwave Infrared Range (SWIR) spectral range of 0.85 to 2.4 [[micrometre]]s with a 10 [[nanometre]] bandwidth and 256 contiguous spectral bands. The satellite will have a spatial resolution of 30 meters and a swath of 30 km from its 630 km [[sun-synchronous orbit]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=D.s |first=Madhumathi |date=9 August 2017 |title=ISRO to develop full-fledged hyperspectral imaging satellite |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isro-to-develop-full-fledged-earth-observation-satellite/article19458651.ece |access-date=11 November 2018 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":03">{{cite web |title=India's Tech Roadmap Points to Small Sats, Space Weapons |url=http://archive.defensenews.com/article/20130910/DEFREG03/309100007/India-s-Tech-Roadmap-Points-Small-Sats-Space-Weapons |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150121220451/http://archive.defensenews.com/article/20130910/DEFREG03/309100007/India-s-Tech-Roadmap-Points-Small-Sats-Space-Weapons |archive-date=2015-01-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-11-24 |title=Nellore: Hyperspectral Imaging Satellite to be launched on November 29 |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/241118/nellore-hyperspectral-imaging-satellite-to-be-launched-on-november-29.html |access-date=2018-11-26 |work=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite news |title=Isro to launch hyperspectral imaging sat with 30 foreign satellites on Nov 29 - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/isro-to-launch-hyperspectral-imaging-sat-with-30-foreign-satellites-on-nov-29/articleshow/66801810.cms |access-date=2018-11-25 |work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=4 December 2018 |title=The militaristic claims of ISRO's latest satellite have been greatly exaggerated |url=https://theprint.in/science/the-militaristic-claims-of-isros-latest-satellite-have-been-greatly-exaggerated/158545/ |access-date=4 December 2018 |work=ThePrint}}</ref>

* '''EMISAT series'''
# [[EMISAT]]: Launched on 1 April 2019, is a [[reconnaissance satellite]]<ref>{{cite web |title=PSLV C45 Launch Kit |url=https://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c45-emisat-mission/launch-kit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323093804/https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/pslv-c45_launch_kitv5.0_fn_23.03.19.pdf |archive-date=23 March 2019 |access-date=2019-03-25 |website=www.isro.gov.in}}</ref> under [[Defence Research and Development Organisation|DRDO]]'s project ''Kautilya''<ref>{{cite web |title=Kautilya |url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/kautilya |access-date=26 January 2020}}</ref> which will provide space-based electronic intelligence or [[ELINT]], especially to improve the situational awareness of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] by providing information and location of enemy radars.<ref>{{Cite news |last=D.s |first=Madhumathi |date=2019-04-01 |title=India gets surveillance satellite |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/pslv-isro-emisat-launch-from-sriharikota-on-april-1/article26699077.ece |access-date=2019-07-24 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

=== Planned ===
* '''Cartosat-3 series'''
# [[Cartosat-3A]] (EOS-8): Planned to be launched on [[PSLV-XL]]. Will have a panchromatic resolution of 0.25 metres and a high quality resolution of 1 metre. To be launched in 2024.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Cartosat 3, 3A, 3B |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/cartosat-3.htm |access-date=2024-10-22 |website=Gunter's Space Page |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2024-10-11 |title=Exclusive: CCS clears launch of 52 surveillance satellites |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/exclusive-ccs-clears-launch-of-52-surveillance-satellites-101728615288379.html |access-date=2024-10-22 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref>
# [[Cartosat-3B]]: Planned to be launched on [[PSLV-XL]]. Will have a panchromatic resolution of 0.25 metres and a high quality resolution of 1 metre. To be launched in 2025.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=PSLV-XL {{!}} Cartosat-3B |url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/2029 |access-date=2024-10-22 |website=nextspaceflight.com |language=en}}</ref>

* '''GSAT-7 series'''
# [[GSAT-7R]]: Shall planned to replace [[GSAT-7]] for the Indian Navy.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ray |first=Kalyan |date=2025-09-11 |title=Indian Navy to operationalise new info centre in Gurugram today |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/indian-navy-to-operationalise-new-info-centre-in-gurugram-today-3723886 |access-date=2025-09-12 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> Launch is scheduled on 2 November 2025.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-10-23 |title=LVM-3 to launch CMS-03 on November 2; Nisar to begin operations soon |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/science/lvm-3-to-launch-cms-03-on-november-2-nisar-to-begin-operations-soon/articleshow/124758812.cms |access-date=2025-10-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
# [[GSAT-7B]], planned to be first dedicated military satellite for the Indian Army. The approval was granted by Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) on 21 March 2023. The multiband military satellite, featuring integrated communication for [[network-centric operations]], will be launched in 2–3 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Philip |first=Snehesh Alex |date=2022-03-23 |title=India eyes more military satellites, aims for secure communication & 24-hr border surveillance |url=https://theprint.in/defence/india-eyes-more-military-satellites-aims-for-secure-communication-24-hr-border-surveillance/884796/ |access-date=2024-10-22 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> Contract for a 5-tonne satellite signed with [[NewSpace India Limited]] (NSIL), worth {{INRConvert|2963|c|lk=on|year=2023}} on 29 March 2023. The satellite would provide [[Non-line-of-sight propagation|beyond line of sight communication]] to troops and formations as well as weapon and airborne platforms.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-29 |title=Aatmanirbhar Bharat: MoD inks two contracts with BEL, worth Rs 2,400 crore, for procurement of Automated Air Defence Control & Reporting System ‘Project Akashteer’ for Indian Army... |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1911937 |access-date=2024-11-14 |website=[[Press Information Bureau]]}}</ref><ref name=":4" />
# [[GSAT-7C]], replace [[GSAT-7A]] for the Indian Air Force.<ref>{{cite news |last1=P |first1=Rajat |date=22 September 2018 |title=Satellite control set to give drones more sting |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/satellite-control-set-to-give-drones-more-sting/articleshow/65907159.cms |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

* Additional 52 surveillance satellites under the [[Defence Space Agency#SBS Phase-III|Phase 3 of Space Based Surveillance (SBS) project]] to be launched between 2025–29.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Surendra |date=2024-10-12 |title=CCS 'approves launch of 52 spy satellites for Rs 27,000 crore to boost space surveillance |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ccs-approves-launch-of-52-spy-satellites-for-rs-27000-crore-to-boost-space-surveillance/articleshow/114158442.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250823163409/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ccs-approves-launch-of-52-spy-satellites-for-rs-27000-crore-to-boost-space-surveillance/articleshow/114158442.cms |archive-date=2025-08-23 |access-date=2024-10-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2025-06-30 |title=India to fast-track 52 military satellites for better surveillance at borders |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/india-to-fast-track-new-military-satellites-for-better-surveillance-at-borders/article69755996.ece |access-date=2025-06-30 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

=== Decommissioned ===
# [[Technology Experiment Satellite]] or (TES) is an experimental satellite to demonstrate and validate, in orbit, technologies that could be used in the future satellites of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).<ref>{{cite web |title=Technology Experiment Satellite (TES) |url=http://www.isro.org/satellites/technology_experiment_satellite_tes.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612214937/http://isro.org/satellites/technology_experiment_satellite_tes.aspx |archive-date=12 June 2010 |access-date=18 July 2010 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Technology Experiment Satellite (TES) has a [[panchromatic]] camera capable of producing images of 1 meter resolution for remote sensing.<ref name="tes2">{{cite news |date=27 November 2001 |title=India's spy satellite boost |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/1679321.stm |access-date=31 Jul 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> The launch of TES made India the second country in the world after the United States that can commercially offer images with one meter resolution.<ref name="tes2" /> It is used for remote sensing of civilian areas, mapping industry and geographical information services.
# [[RISAT-2]], or Radar Imaging Satellite 2 has a primary sensor, the [[synthetic aperture radar]] from [[Israel Aerospace Industries]] (IAI).<ref name="GSP2">{{cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter |title=ANUSAT |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/anusat.htm |access-date=2009-04-17 |publisher=Gunter's Space Page}}</ref> RISAT-2 is India's first satellite with a [[synthetic aperture radar]]. It has a day-night, all-weather monitoring capability and has a resolution of one metre.<ref name="voa2">{{cite web |last=Herman |first=Steve |date=20 April 2008 |title=India Launches High-Tech Imaging Satellite |url=http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2009-04/2009-04-20-voa13.cfm?CFID=264321146&CFTOKEN=89382867&jsessionid=8830364952f39bcb7dcb118473f48396c7a4 |access-date=31 Jul 2009 |publisher=[[Voice of America]]}}{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Potential applications include tracking hostile ships at sea.<ref name="India's spy in the sky: ISRO launches RISAT-22">{{cite news |date=20 April 2009 |title=India's spy in the sky: ISRO launches RISAT-2 |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/indias-spy-in-the-sky-isro-launches-risat2/90656-11.html?from=rssfeed |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427135457/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/indias-spy-in-the-sky-isro-launches-risat2/90656-11.html?from=rssfeed |archive-date=2009-04-27 |access-date=2009-04-20 |publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]}}</ref> Though the [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] sought to underplay the satellite's defence capabilities in its website and in its announcements, a majority of the media preferred to classify it as a spy satellite.<ref name="India launches key spy satellite2">{{cite news |date=20 April 2009 |title=India launches key spy satellite |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8007653.stm?from=rssfeed |access-date=2009-04-20 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> ISRO claims that the satellite will enhance ISRO's capability for earth observation, especially during floods, cyclones, landslides and in disaster management in a more effective way.<ref>{{cite web |title=RISAT-2 |url=http://www.isro.org/satellites/RISAT-2.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612220312/http://isro.org/satellites/RISAT-2.aspx |archive-date=12 June 2010 |access-date=19 July 2010}}</ref>
# [[CARTOSAT-2]] carries a state-of-the-art panchromatic (PAN) camera that take black and white pictures of the Earth in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The swath covered by these high resolution PAN cameras is 9.6 km and their spatial resolution is 80 centimetres.<ref>{{cite web |title=CARTOSAT-2 program data |url=http://www.scanex.ru/en/data/default.asp?submenu=cartosat2&id=index |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100718095148/http://www.scanex.ru/en/data/default.asp?submenu=cartosat2&id=index |archive-date=18 July 2010 |access-date=19 July 2010}}</ref> The satellite can be steered up to 45 degrees along as well as across the track. CARTOSAT-2 is an advanced remote sensing satellite capable of providing scene-specific spot imagery. The data from the satellite will be used for detailed mapping and other cartographic applications at cadastral level, urban and rural infrastructure development and management, as well as applications in Land Information System (LIS) and Geographical Information System (GIS).<ref name="cartosat22"/> Cartosat was decommissioned and the perigee lowered by controlled burns between March and Sep 2020 as debris mitigation activities. This will result in the orbit naturally decaying and re-entry within 10 years.
# [[GSAT-6A]] is a dedicated satellite for army as a replacement for [[GSAT-6]] which lost communication after its launch.<ref name="howmany2"/>
# [[Microsat-R]], a [[Integrated Space Cell#Satellites operated|dedicated]] [[military satellite]] for the [[Indian Armed Forces]], was launched on 24 January 2019. The 760 kg imaging satellite was launched using [[PSLV-C43#PSLV-C44|PSLV C-44]] rocket.<ref name="rsat1">[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/isros-pslv-c-44-places-military-satellite-microsat-r-in-orbit/articleshow/67679340.cms India launches military satellite], Times of India, 25 January 2019.</ref>

== Re-orientation and optimization plan ==
The [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defense]] has been aiming for a three-layered constellation of multi-functional satellites since 2024. Satellites having the ability to uplink and downlink encrypted data are to be placed in [[Low Earth orbit|low]] (up to 2,000 km), [[Medium Earth orbit|medium]] (between 2,000 km and 35,780 km), and [[Geostationary orbit|geo-stationary]] (above 35,780 km) orbits. This program analyzes the lessons learned from the [[Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|Russo-Ukrainian War]] of 2022 and allows the frequency bands to be licensed from private satellite agencies if necessary. The Defense Space Agency is in charge of the initiative.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Mayank |date=2024-10-05 |title=Under the optimisation plan India working on satellites in three orbits |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Oct/05/under-the-optimisation-plan-india-working-on-satellites-in-three-orbits |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Space Force]]
* [[TSAT-1A]]
* [[Mission Sudarshan Chakra]] - proposed multi-layer defense system for India

; Integrated entities
* [[Defence Planning Committee]], tri-services command at policy level with NSA as its chief
* [[Chief of Defence Staff (India)]], professional head of the Indian Armed Forces
* [[Integrated Defence Staff]], tri-services command at strategic level composed of MoD, MEA and tri-services staff
* [[Indian Armed Forces Tri-Service Commands]]
** [[Northern Theatre Command (India)]]
** [[Western Theatre Command (India)]]
** [[Maritime Theatre Command]]
** [[Air Defence Command (India)]]
** [[Strategic Forces Command]], nuclear command of India
*** [[Nuclear Command Authority (India)|Indian Nuclear Command Authority]], Strategic Forces Command
** [[Defence Cyber Agency]]
** [[Armed Forces Special Operations Division|Special Operations Division]]

; Assets
* [[List of Indian Air Force stations]]
* [[List of Indian Navy bases]]
* [[List of active Indian Navy ships]]
* [[List of countries with overseas military bases#India|India's overseas military bases]]

; Other nations
* [[Russian Space Forces|Space Forces (Russia)]] - Russian equivalent command
* [[Space Operations Command|Space Operations Command (US)]] - U.S. equivalent command

; General concepts
* [[Joint warfare]], general concept
* [[Credible minimum deterrence]]
* [[List of cyber warfare forces]] of other nations

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Military of India}}
{{Indian space programme}}
{{Space forces}}
{{Politics of outer space}}

[[Category:Military units and formations of India]]
[[Category:Joint military units and formations of India]]
[[Category:2018 establishments in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Military of India| ]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 2018]]
[[Category:Space units and formations]]

Ishaan Dhawan

2026-01-19T04:21:41Z

Marinazhg: creating

{{short description|Indian television actor}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ishaan Dhawan
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth_date and age|1995|11|8|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Chandigarh]], India
| alma_mater = [[Chitkara University, Punjab|Chitkara University]], Chandigarh
| occupation = Actor
| years_active = 2019–present
| notable_works = {{ubl|''[[Gud Se Meetha Ishq]]''|''[[Dhruv Tara – Samay Sadi Se Pare]]'' | ''[[Doree (TV series)|Doree]]''}}
}}

'''Ishaan Dhawan''' is an Indian actor who predominantly works in [[Hindi]] [[television industry]]. He is best known for his portrayal of Kabir Sakhuja in ''[[Zindagi Mere Ghar Aana]]'', Neel Khurana in ''[[Gud Se Meetha Ishq]]'' and Dr. Dhruv Saxena ''[[Dhruv Tara – Samay Sadi Se Pare]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 February 2022 |title=Ishaan Dhawan: My role in Gud Se Meetha Ishq will remind you of Ranbir Kapoor from YehJawaani Hai Deewani |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/ishaan-dhawan-my-role-in-gud-se-meetha-ishq-will-remind-you-of-ranbir-kapoor-from-yehjawaani-hai-deewani/articleshow/89726097.cms |access-date=21 November 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=16 February 2023 |title=Dhruv Tara – Samay Sadi Se Pare: Riya Sharma and Ishaan Dhawan participate in intense workshops to get into the skin of their characters |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/dhruv-tara-samay-sadi-se-pare-riya-sharma-and-ishaan-dhawan-participate-in-intense-workshops-to-get-into-the-skin-of-their-characters/articleshow/97987220.cms |access-date=21 November 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news |date=24 December 2022 |title=Ishaan Dhawan will now be seen as the male lead in 'Dhruv Tara' |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/ishaan-dhawan-will-now-be-seen-as-the-male-lead-in-dhruv-tara/articleshow/96478255.cms |access-date=21 November 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> and Advocate Maan Thakur in Doree.

== Career ==
Dhawan started his acting career in 2020 with a web series [[Bebaakee]] which streamed on [[ZEE5]] and [[ALTBalaji]] where he portrayed the role of Hamid Alqaazi.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2 September 2020|url=https://www.missmalini.com//2020/09/2/altbalajis-bebaakee-review-the-love-triangle-in-this-romantic-drama-will-keep-you-hooked|access-date=|website=Miss Malini|language=en |title=ALTBalaji’s Bebaakee Review: The Love Triangle In This Romantic Drama Will Keep You Hooked }}</ref>

He made his debut in the television industry in 2021 with [[StarPlus]] show [[Zindagi Mere Ghar Aana]] where he played the role of Kabir Sakhuja.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://lehren.com/entertainment/television/kabeer-in-zindagi-mere-ghar-aana-will-be-the-most-beloved-character-in-the-series-says-anand-sharma/90214/|title='Kabeer' In Zindagi Mere Ghar Aana Will Be The Most Beloved Character In The Series, Says Anand Sharma!|access-date=21 November 2023|archive-date=13 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213061650/https://lehren.com/entertainment/television/kabeer-in-zindagi-mere-ghar-aana-will-be-the-most-beloved-character-in-the-series-says-anand-sharma/90214/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 2022, Ishaan portrayed the role of Neel Khurana in [[Star Bharat]] show [[Gud Se Meetha Ishq]] opposite [[Pankhuri Awasthy Rode]], marking his first show in a lead role.<ref>{{Cite news|date=21 February 2022|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/ishaan-dhawan-my-role-in-gud-se-meetha-ishq-will-remind-you-of-ranbir-kapoor-from-yehjawaani-hai-deewani/articleshow/89726097.cms|access-date=|website=The Times of India|language=en |title=Ishaan Dhawan: My role in Gud Se Meetha Ishq will remind you of Ranbir Kapoor from YehJawaani Hai Deewani }}</ref>

From 2023 to 2024, he has portrayed the role of Dr. Dhruv Saxena in [[Dhruv Tara – Samay Sadi Se Pare]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite news|date= 1 July 2024|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/dhruv-taras-ishaan-dhawan-and-riya-sharma-emerge-into-a-new-century-the-leads-share-their-excitement/articleshow/111406030.cms|access-date=|website=The Times of India|language=en |title=Dhruv Tara's Ishaan Dhawan and Riya Sharma emerge into a new century, the leads share their excitement }}</ref> From January 2025 to June 2025, he played Advocate Maan Thakur in [[Colors TV]]'s ''[[Doree (TV series)|Doree]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=7 February 2025|title=Ishaan Dhawan opens up about playing a lawyer in Doree'; says ' I paid attention to the speech, mannerisms and body language of advocates'|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/ishaan-dhawan-opens-up-about-playing-a-lawyer-in-doree-says-i-paid-attention-to-the-speech-mannerisms-and-body-language-of-advocates/articleshow/118024483.cms|access-date=23 June 2025|work=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref>

== Filmography ==

=== Television ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Notes
!Ref
|-
| 2021–2022
| ''[[Zindagi Mere Ghar Aana]]''
| Kabir Sakhuja
|
|
|-
| 2022
| ''[[Gud Se Meetha Ishq]]''
| Neel Khurana
| rowspan = "4" | Lead Role
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/ishaan-dhawan-my-role-in-gud-se-meetha-ishq-will-remind-you-of-ranbir-kapoor-from-yehjawaani-hai-deewani/articleshow/89726097.cms|title=Ishaan Dhawan: My role in Gud Se Meetha Ishq will remind you of Ranbir Kapoor from YehJawaani Hai Deewani: Times of India}}</ref>
|-
| 2023–2024
| rowspan = "2" | ''[[Dhruv Tara – Samay Sadi Se Pare]]''
| Dr. Dhruv Saxena
|<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/entertainment/ishaan-dhawan-talks-about-his-character-in-dhruv-tara-samay-sadi-se-pare-538198|title=Ishaan Dhawan talks about his character in Dhruv Tara – Samay Sadi Se Pare: The Tribune India}}</ref>
|-
| 2024
| Dhruv Seth
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/dhruv-taras-ishaan-dhawan-and-riya-sharma-emerge-into-a-new-century-the-leads-share-their-excitement/articleshow/111406030.cms|title=Dhruv Tara's Ishaan Dhawan and Riya Sharma emerge into a new century, the leads share their excitement: Times of India}}</ref>
|-
| 2025
| ''[[Doree (TV series)|Doree]]''
| Advocate Maan Thakur
| <ref>{{cite web |url=https://cuttingshots.com/exclusive-interview-ishhan-dhawan/ |title=Ishaan Dhawan: I Have Always Taken the Unconventional Route; While The World Chases Metrics, I Chase Creation |website=Cutting Shots}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== Web series ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Show
!Role
!Ref.
|-
|2020
|''[[Bebaakee]]''
|Hamid Alqaazi
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kushal Tandon, Shiv Jyoti Rajput – Meet The Stylish Cast Of The ZEE5 Original Bebaakee – Zee5 News |url=https://www.zee5.com/zee5news/kushal-tandon-shiv-jyoti-rajput-meet-the-stylish-cast-of-the-zee5-original-bebaakee |access-date=21 November 2023 |website=ZEE5 |language=en}}</ref>
|}

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Award !! Category !! Work !! Result
|-
| 2026 || Ngôi Sao Xanh 2025 ([https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%E1%BA%A3i_th%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Fng_Ng%C3%B4i_Sao_Xanh Green Star Awards]) || Most Popular Foreign Actor || ''[[Dhruv Tara – Samay Sadi Se Pare]]'' || Won<ref>{{cite web |title=Mùa Đỏ đoạt giải Phim hay nhất tại Ngôi Sao Xanh 2025 |url=https://baovanhoa.vn/nghe-thuat/mua-do-doat-giai-phim-hay-nhat-tai-ngoi-sao-xanh-2025-196530.html |website=Báo Văn Hóa |language=vi |date=6 January 2025 |access-date=13 January 2026}}</ref>
|}

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb name|12424030}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dhawan, Ishaan}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Male actors from Chandigarh]]
[[Category:1995 births]]

Women's Kabaddi Challenge

2026-01-08T17:45:11Z

Marinazhg: starting the article v1

{{Short description|Defunct Kabaddi league in India}}
{{more footnotes|date=August 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox sports league
| title = Women's Kabaddi Season
| last_season =
| upcoming_season =
| logo =
| pixels = 
| caption =
| sport = [[Kabaddi]]
| founded = 2016
| last tournament =
| owner = Mashal Sports
| ceo =
| director =
| president =
| commissioner =
| Tagline =
| motto =
| inaugural = [[#Season 1|2016]]
| folded = 2016
| teams = 3
| country = {{IND}}
| venue = 7 locations
| most_champs =
| tv = [[Star Sports (Indian TV network)|STAR Sports]]
| sponsor = [[Star Sports (Indian TV network)|STAR Sports]]
| related_comps =
| founder =
| levels =
| promotion =
| relegation =
| domestic_cup =
| website =
| footnotes =
| dissolved =
}}

'''Women's Kabaddi Challenge''' was a Kabaddi league in India started like [[Pro Kabaddi League]] for women. Three teams took part in inaugural season in 2016 and the league was played across seven cities in India.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-27 |title=Star India launches Women's Kabaddi Challenge |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/star-india-launches-women-s-kabaddi-challenge-116062700945_1.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=www.business-standard.com |language=en-US}}</ref> It was a test event and only one season was organised.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-24 |title=Pro Kabaddi League: Here' why Women's Challenge did not reappear in the 2017 season |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/pro-kabaddi-league-here-why-womens-challenge-did-not-reappear-in-the-2017-season-4171477.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref>

==Season 1==
The first season was played in 2016, from 28 June to 31 July and was broadcast by [[Fox Sports (Southeast Asian TV network)|Star Sports]] in India. The final was scheduled along with men's version on 31 July.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2016-06-28 |title=Indian women's kabaddi set for major boost as three-team league kicks off on Tuesday |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/indian-womens-kabaddi-set-for-major-boost-as-three-team-league-kicks-off-on-tuesday-2860864.html |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2016-06-27 |title=Women’s Kabaddi Challenge begins tomorrow |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/kabaddi/womens-kabaddi-challenge-begins-tomorrow/article8780134.ece |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en}}</ref>

Final was conducted between Storm Queen and Fire Birds. Storm Queens produced a last second turnaround to defeat Fire Birds 24-23 in the final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-07-31 |title=Women’s Pro Kabaddi League 2016: Storm Queens beat Fire Birds 24 – 23 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/pro-kabaddi-league-final-pkl-season-1-live-score-fire-birds-vs-storm-queens-today-match-streaming-video-2946388/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

==Venues and Teams==
Three teams will take part in first season
* [[Fire Birds WKC|Fire Birds]] - Captain: [[Mamatha Poojari]]
* [[Ice Divas WKC|Ice Divas]] - Captain: [[Abhilasha Mhatre]]
* [[Storm Queens WKC|Storm Queens]] - Captain: [[Tejaswini Bai]]

There will be seven venues for first edition [[Bangalore]], [[Delhi]], [[Hyderabad]], [[Jaipur]], [[Kolkata]], [[Mumbai]] and [[Pune]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

{{location map+ |India3
|float=right
|width=300
|alt=Locations of the 2016 Women's Kabaddi Challenge Venues
|caption=Locations of the 2016 Women's Kabaddi Challenge Venues
|places=
{{location map~ |India |lat=12.966666 |long=77.566666 |label= <div style="font-size:80%;">[[Bengaluru]]</div>|position=left}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=18.97500 |long=72.82583 |label= <div style="font-size:80%;">[[Mumbai]]</div>|position=left}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=18.47361 |long=73.79778 |label= <div style="font-size:80%;">[[Pune]]</div>|position=right}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=22.56972 |long=88.36972 |label= <div style="font-size:80%;">[[Kolkata]]</div>|position=left}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=26.93 |long=75.82 |label= <div style="font-size:80%;">[[Jaipur]]</div>|position=left}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=17.37 |long=78.48 |label= <div style="font-size:80%;">[[Hyderabad]]</div>|position=right}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=28.61 |long=77.23 |label= <div style="font-size:80%;">[[Delhi]]</div>|position=left}}
}}

== See also ==

* [[Women's Kabaddi League]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Sports leagues of India}}

[[Category:Defunct sports leagues in India]]
[[Category:Professional sports leagues in India]]
[[Category:Sport in India]]
[[Category:Kabaddi competitions in India]]
[[Category:Women's kabaddi]]

Koparkhairane

2026-01-03T03:25:55Z

Marinazhg: creating

{{unreliable sources|date=August 2025}}
{{Short description|Node in Navi Mumbai}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Koparkhairane
| official_name = Kopar Khairane
| native_name = कोपरखैरणे
| native_name_lang = mr
| other_name = Koperkhairane
| settlement_type = Node
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = Maharashtra
| subdivision_type2 = Region
| subdivision_name2 = Mumbai Metropolitan Region
| subdivision_type3 = District
| subdivision_name3 = Thane
| subdivision_type4 = City
| subdivision_name4 = Navi Mumbai
| founder = [[CIDCO]]
| governing_body = Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation
}}
'''Koparkhairane''' is a major node in the city of [[Navi Mumbai]] in the state of [[Maharashtra]] in India.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-20 |title=NMMC Plans New Bridge to Ease Traffic on Thane-Belapur Road worth INR 24.23 Cr |url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/infrastructure/nmmc-plans-inr-24.23-cr-bridge-to-ease-traffic-on-thane-belapur-road-85850 |access-date=2025-08-31 |website=Mumbai Live |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2016-09-07 |title=Turbhe & Koparkhairane most polluted city nodes: Green report |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/navi-mumbai/turbhe-koparkhairane-most-polluted-city-nodes-green-report/articleshow/54036977.cms |access-date=2025-08-31 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> The areas in the Koparkhairane node is divided into sectors.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-21 |title=NMMC’s bypass plan to decongest Koparkhairane-Ghansoli road faces residents’ ire |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/nmmcs-bypass-plan-to-decongest-koparkhairane-ghansoli-road-faces-residents-ire-101679402408543.html |access-date=2025-08-31 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> Koparkhairane is a major industrial suburb in the [[Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation]].<ref name=":0" />

[[File:Kopar Khairne station.jpg|thumb|View of the inner side of the [[Koparkhairane railway station]] ]]
Koparkhairane is majorly developed by the [[City and Industrial Development Corporation|CIDCO]] (City and Industrial Development Corporation).<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-07-21 |title=Cidco offers 48 plots across Navi Mum on lease for residential, industrial activities |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/cidco-offers-48-plots-across-navi-mum-on-lease-for-residential-industrial-activities/articleshow/111902111.cms |access-date=2025-08-31 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> It is well-connected node of Navi Mumbai. It is connected by highway as well as railway station. There is a railway station known as [[Koparkhairane railway station|Koparkhairane Railway Station]] which connects it with the other part of the metropolitan region of Mumbai and Navi Mumbai. Similarly it is well connected by road through [[Thane–Belapur Road|Thane-Belapur highway]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-20 |title=NMMC plans new bridge from Thane-Belapur road to reach Koparkhairane, Ghansoli |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/nmmc-plans-new-bridge-from-thane-belapur-road-to-reach-koparkhairane-ghansoli-101726772604424.html |access-date=2025-08-31 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:U-turn bridge Thane-Belapur road.jpg|thumb|U-turn bridge on the Thane-Belapur Highway at Koparkhairane]]
[[File:Nisarg Udyan, Koparkhairane.jpg|thumb|View of Nisarg Udyan also known as Dumping Garden at Sector 14 of Koparkhairane in Navi Mumbai]]

== Industrial estates ==
Koparkhairane is also well known for the Koparkhairane MIDC.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-05-06 |title=Maharashtra: Major fire breaks out at chemical company in Navi Mumbai's Khairane MIDC area |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/navi-mumbai-major-fire-breaks-out-at-chemical-company-in-pawne-midc/articleshow/91374346.cms |access-date=2025-08-31 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Residential area ==
Koparkhairane holds well planned residential areas in the city of Navi Mumbai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-07 |title=Residents choke as pollution gets severe in Navi Mumbai |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/health-scare-in-navi-mumbai-residents-demand-relocation-of-chemical-factories-due-to-poor-air-quality-101694089938023.html |access-date=2025-08-31 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-13 |title=24-hour water cut in Navi Mumbai on Wed to replace pipeline |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/24hour-water-cut-in-navi-mumbai-on-wed-to-replace-pipeline-101747076668941.html |access-date=2025-08-31 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Shree Vighnaharta Ganesh Mandir, Koparkhairane.jpg|thumb|View of Shee Vighnaharta Ganesh Mandir at Sector 8 residential area of Koparkhairane ]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord|19|06|16|N|73|00|12|E|type:city_region:IN|display=title}}

[[Category:Suburbs by city]]
[[Category:Nodes of Navi Mumbai]]

{{Maharashtra-geo-stub}}

Sumani Jhodia

2025-12-30T17:41:14Z

Marinazhg: starting a entry w/ infobox

{{Short description|Indian tribal activist from Odisha}}
{{BLP sources|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sumani Jhodia
| birth_place = Rayagada, Odisha, India
| known_for = Tribal rights activism
}}

'''Sumani Jhodia''' is an Indian tribal activist hailing from [[Rayagada district]] of [[Odisha]] best known for campaigning against the sale of liquor in tribal areas, advocating for tribal rights over minor forest produce, and opposing government policies that lease tribal land to private companies for industrial projects.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Network |first=Post News |date=2018-11-26 |title=Woman of substance - OrissaPOST |url=https://www.orissapost.com/woman-of-substance/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Odisha News, Odisha Latest news, Odisha Daily - OrissaPOST |language=en-US}}</ref> In 1995, [[Biju Patnaik]], then Chief Minister of Odisha, appointed her as one of the unofficial advisors on sustainable development, literacy, and the poverty-alleviation programmes.<ref>{{Cite web| title=Women Empowerment and Biju Patnaik | url=https://magazines.odisha.gov.in/Orissareview/2016/Feb-Mar/engpdf/133-135.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204152608/https://magazines.odisha.gov.in/Orissareview/2016/Feb-Mar/engpdf/133-135.pdf | archive-date=2024-12-04}}</ref> Sumani was honoured with 2003 Rani Gaidinliu Zeiliang Stree Shakti Award (predecessor of the [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]]) by the [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2003-03-26 |title=Unsung women of substance get recognition |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/unsung-women-of-substance-get-recognition/articleshow/41490152.cms |access-date=2024-12-03 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Sumani Jhodia was born in the Siriguda village in [[Rayagada]], Odisha. Her family is part of [[List of Scheduled Tribes in Odisha|Jhodia Paroja]], a tribal community with a population of 50,000 living across 85 Indian villages, particularly in the [[Kashipur, Rayagada|Kashipur]] block of the Rayagada district. Primarily a forest-dwelling community, Jhodias make a living by collecting forest produce, practicing ''podu chasa'' (or [[shifting cultivation]]), and engaging in various forms of daily-wage labour.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Transition from Ethnic Group to Ethnic Identity |url=https://www.etribaltribune.com/index.php/volume-5/mv5i2/transition-from-ethnic-group-to-ethnic-identity |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=www.etribaltribune.com}}</ref><ref name=":3" />

Sumani's father, Ravi Jhodia, encouraged her to attend school, but she dropped out after six months due to the nearest school being three kilometres away. By 17, she was married and had her first child. At the time, Ramdhar Jhodia was considered to be the most literate man in her village, having studied till Class 9 (or [[middle school]]). He worked as a night schoolteacher with Agragamee, a local [[non-governmental organization]]. The village elders persuaded Sumani to enrol at Agragamee, where she learned to read and write. She also attended Agragamee's leadership development programme that made her aware of the exploitation her tribal community were being subjected to.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sumoni Jhodia - Civil Society Magazine |url=https://www.civilsocietyonline.com/mega-hall-of-fame/sumoni-jhodia/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=www.civilsocietyonline.com}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=2023-08-04 |title=Jhodias meet MP, demand tribal status |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/jhodias-meet-mp-demand-tribal-status/articleshow/102409623.cms |access-date=2024-12-03 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Activism ==
Sumani and her team of advisors faced opposition from local liquor barons, and local goons for their efforts. Aundhari Majhi, one of the women with special policing powers, filed a police complaint against Rati Majhi, the owner of one of the local breweries, for threatening her. Sumani mobilised 5000 women from the [[Kashipur, Rayagada|Kashipur]] block to surround the police station until Majhi was rounded up.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024|reason=source needed to verify}} As many as eight criminal cases were filed against Sumani during this time. She, alongside a group of tribal women, was attacked by an axe-wielding man on her way back from Mandibisi. He was kept in policy custody for four days after the women filed a formal complaint against him.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Network |first=Post News |date=2018-11-26 |title=Woman of substance - OrissaPOST |url=https://www.orissapost.com/woman-of-substance/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Odisha News, Odisha Latest news, Odisha Daily - OrissaPOST |language=en-US}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jhodia, Sumani}}
[[Category:Indian activists]]
[[Category:Indian women activists]]
[[Category:Indigenous activists of Asia]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Beddomixalus

2025-12-18T04:11:11Z

Marinazhg: creating new entry from scratch!

{{Short description|Genus of amphibians}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = ''Beddomixalus bijui''
| image = Beddomixalus bijui Munnar.jpg
| display_parents = 2
| parent_authority = Abraham, Pyron, Ansil, Zachariah, and Zachariah, 2013<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" />
| taxon = Beddomixalus bijui
| authority = (Zachariah, Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Kunhikrishnan, Palot, and Vishnudas, 2011)
| synonyms = * ''Polypedates bijui'' Zachariah, Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Kunhikrishnan, Palot, and Vishnudas, 2011<ref name="Zachariah et al. 2011"/>
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=Frost/>
}}

'''''Beddomixalus''''' is a [[monotypic]] genus of [[frog]]s in the family [[Rhacophoridae]].<ref name=Frost-genus/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb-family/> The only described species, '''''Beddomixalus bijui''''', is [[endemism|endemic]] to the [[Western Ghats]], India.<ref name=Frost/> Its name is derived from a combination of the [[cognomen]] of [[Richard Henry Beddome]], in honour of his work on the [[amphibian]] diversity of the Western Ghats, as well as ''Ixalus'', which is often used as a suffix for names of rhacophorid genera.<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" /><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/>

==Description==
''Beddomixalus'' differs from the other rhacophorid genera by being a slender and elongated medium-sized frog, the female measuring up to {{convert|6.1|cm|in}} in length; its yellowish-buff or reddish-brown dorsum carrying two distinct yellowish-cream longitudinal stripes; [[vomer]]ine teeth and an absent lingual papilla; distinct supratympanic fold as well as [[Tympanum (anatomy)|tympanum]]; a rounded [[Canthus (herpetology)|canthus rostralis]]; an obtusely concave [[Lore (anatomy)|loreal]] region; a simple and tubular [[Wolffian duct]]. At the same time, the early development of non-pigmented [[egg]]s occur exposed on moist swamp beds, without protection nor parental care; it has free-living aquatic tadpoles which are adapted to [[Lake ecosystem|lentic conditions]]; and the genus inhabits mid- to high elevation forests.<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" />

===Colour===

====Male====
Its [[Dorsum (anatomy)|dorsum]] is of buff-brown colour with a dark stripe between the eyes; a dark stripe extends medially from its interorbital region to its [[cloaca|vent]]. It possesses two light-coloured, yellowish-cream longitudinal stripes extending along its dorsolateral region, on either side of its body, which are bordered on the lower side by black dots; a broad dark band extends from below the snout along the tympanum as well, up to the middle of the animal's flank, where it morphs into a pale patch covered in [[vermiculation]]s.<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" />

====Female====
It has a reddish- to orange-brown dorsum with similar dark and light bands and vermiculations as in the male, while its ventral surface is white.<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" />

===Tadpoles===
Tadpoles are small, [[exotrophic]] and [[nektonic]]. They are oval, depressed and dark pigmented from the [[snout]] to the tip of the tail, including their fins. The ventral side is pale pink and less pigmented. Eyes are reddish and of moderate size. The musculus [[wikt:interhyoideus|interhyoideus]] and intestine are visible through the ventrum. Its [[naris]] is equidistant from its snout and eye. Its [[Fish fin#AnchCaudal|tail fin]] is moderate and rounded at the end. The lower jaw sheath is V-shaped.<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" />

[[Tadpole]]s of this species were observed with completely developed [[hindlimb]]s at stage 40, with a pale dorsolateral band appearing at stage 42. Its eyes are bright red and its body pigmentation is a greenish-yellow by stage 44, whilst [[metamorphosis|metamorphs]] begin emerging on land. During stage 46, froglets are found on [[swamp]] vegetation.<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" />

==Behaviour==
The type species is primarily [[arboreal]], inhabiting trees in and around highland swamps or marshes. During early breeding season, males were observed to aggregate around optimal breeding locations in unfilled swamp beds. They begin migrating to these during the onset of pre-[[monsoon]] showers from surrounding forest. Most males rest on [[shrub]]s and bushes up to a height of about {{convert|2|m|ft}} and make a pulsating breeding chorus in [[unison]]. Air around these males is said to stink of "burnt rubber", similar to that felt around aggregating males of ''[[Hylarana malabarica]]''. This odour is thought to be produced by glands on their dorsolateral margin. Males come down from their calling spots as night progresses and move on to grass patches in the swamp beds.<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" />

[[Amplexus]] is pectoral. Eggs are non-pigmented and semiterrestrial, with an average diameter of 3.2mm. They are scattered on moist soil or a grassy [[substrate (vivarium)|substrate]]. Total [[Clutch (eggs)|clutch]] size was observed as 175 eggs.<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" />

==Distribution==
''B. bijui'' is found in an elevation of between {{convert|1100|to|1600|m|ft}} [[above sea level]] in [[evergreen]] [[forest]]s in the [[Eravikulam National Park|Eravikulam plateau]].<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013" />

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Abraham et al. 2013">{{cite journal |last1=Abraham |first1=Robin Kurian |last2=Pyron |first2=R. Alexander |last3=Ansil |first3=Basheer Rahmath |last4=Zachariah |first4=Arun |last5=Zachariah |first5=Anil |name-list-style=amp |title=Two novel genera and one new species of treefrog (Anura: Rhacophoridae) highlight cryptic diversity in the Western Ghats of India |journal=Zootaxa |date=2013 |volume=3640 |issue=2 |pages=177–199 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3640.2.3|pmid=26000411 }}</ref>

<ref name=AmphibiaWeb>{{cite web |url=https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Beddomixalus&where-species=bijui |title=''Beddomixalus bijui'' |year=2019 |work=AmphibiaWeb |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref>

<ref name=AmphibiaWeb-family>{{cite web |url=http://www.amphibiaweb.org/lists/Rhacophoridae.shtml|title=Rhacophoridae |year=2019 |work=AmphibiaWeb |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref>

<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Rhacophoridae/Rhacophorinae/Beddomixalus/Beddomixalus-bijui |title=''Beddomixalus bijui'' (Zachariah, Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Kunhikrishnan, Palot, and Vishnudas, 2011) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2019 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref>

<ref name=Frost-genus>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Rhacophoridae/Rhacophorinae/Beddomixalus |title=''Beddomixalus'' Abraham, Pyron, Ansil, Zachariah, and Zachariah, 2013 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2019 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref>

<ref name="Zachariah et al. 2011">{{cite journal |last1=Zachariah |first1=A. |last2=Dinesh |first2=K. P. |last3=Radhakrishnan |first3=C. |last4=Kunhikrishnan |first4=E. |last5=Palot |first5=M. J. |last6=Vishnudas |first6=C. K. |name-list-style=amp |year=2011 |title=A new species of ''Polypedates'' Tschudi (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India |journal=Biosystematica |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=49–53 }}</ref>
}}

==Further reading==
*Meegaskumbura, Madhava, et al. "Patterns of reproductive-mode evolution in Old World tree frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)." Zoologica Scripta (2015).
*Padhye, Anand D., et al. "Raorchestes ghatei, a new species of shrub frog (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats of Maharashtra, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 5.15 (2013): 4913-4931.
*Dang, Ning-Xin, et al. "DNA barcoding and the identification of tree frogs (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae)." Mitochondrial DNA 0 (2015): 1-11.

==External links==
*{{EOL}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q19596033}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Beddomixalus}}
[[Category:Rhacophoridae]]
[[Category:Monotypic amphibian genera]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Asia]]
[[Category:Frogs of India]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of the Western Ghats]]
[[Category:Endemic amphibians of India]]

List of Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize winners for Kannada

2025-12-11T06:50:47Z

Marinazhg: adding entry

{{Short description|List of winners of a literary honor in India}}
{{Sahitya Akademi Awards}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}
'''Sahitya Akademi Translation Prizes''' are given each year to writers for their outstanding translations work in the 24 languages, since 1989.

==Recipients==
Following is the list of recipients of [[Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize|Sahitya Akademi translation prizes]] for their works written in [[Kannada language|Kannada]]. The award, as of 2019, consisted of {{INR}}50,000.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/sahitya_akademi_prize.jsp | title=..:: SAHITYA : Sahitya Akademi Prize :: }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Translator
! Title of the translation
! Original Title
! Original Language
! Genre
! Original Author
! class=unsortable|References
|-
| 1990 || S.V. Parameshwara Bhatta || ''Kannada Kalidasa Mahasamputa'' || ''Collection of Kalidasa's Works'' || Sanskrit || Poetry & Drama || [[Kalidasa]] ||
|-
| 1991 || [[H. S. Venkateshamurthy]] || ''Rithu Vilasa'' || ''[[Ṛtusaṃhāra|Ritusamharam]]'' || Sanskrit || Poetry || [[Kalidasa]] ||
|-
| 1992 || Saraswati Gajanan Risbud || ''Valmiki Ramayana Sapa Mattu Vara'' || ''Valmiki Ramayana Sapa Ani Vara'' || Marathi || Epic || Shripad Raghunath Bhide ||
|-
| 1993 || [[Kirtinath Kurtakoti]] || ''Marathi Samskriti: Kelavu Samasyegalu'' || ''Marathti Sanskriti'' || Marathti || Criticism || Sham B. Joshi ||
|-
| 1994 || Pradhan Gurudatta || ''Jaya Yaudheya'' || ''Jaya Yaudheya'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Rahul Sankrityayan]] ||
|-
| 1995 || Thippeswamy || ''Nirmala'' || ''[[Nirmala (novel)|Nirmala]]'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Premchand]] ||
|-
| 1996 || Seshanarayana || ''Hadinentaneya Aksharekhe'' || ''Padinettavadu Akshakkodu'' || Tamil || Novel || [[Ashokamitran]] ||
|-
| 1997 || Neerpaje Beema Bhat || ''Kalhanana Rajatharangmi (Vol I & II)'' || ''[[Rajatarangini]]'' || Sanskrit || Poetry || [[Kalhana]] ||
|-
| 1998 || C. Raghavan || ''Indulekha'' || ''[[Indulekha (novel)|Indulekha]]'' || Malayalam || Novel || [[Oyyarathu Chandu Menon|O. Chandu Menon]] ||
|-
| 1999 || Vaman D. Bendre || ''Kosala'' || ''[[Kosala (novel)|Kosala]]'' || Marathi || Novel || [[Bhalchandra Nemade]] ||
|-
| 2000 || [[L. Basavaraju]] || ''Buddha Charite'' || ''[[Buddhacharita]]m'' || Sanskrit || Epic || [[Aśvaghoṣa|Aswaghosh]] ||
|-
| 2001 || [[Bannanje Govindacharya]] || ''Aaveya Mannina Atada Bandi'' || ''[[Mṛcchakatika|Mrcchakatikam]]'' || Sanskrit || Play || [[Shudraka]] || <ref name=saa>[http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/old_version/awa507.htm AKADEMI TRANSLATION PRIZES 1989-2005] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100220041651/http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/old_version/awa507.htm |date=20 February 2010 }}</ref>
|-
| 2002 || Veena Shanteswara || ''Nadi Dweepagalu'' || ''Nadi Ke Dweep'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Agyeya]] ||
|-
| 2003 || Snehalata Rohidekar || ''Vichitra Varna'' || ''Bichitra Barna'' || Odia || Short Stories || Rabi Pattanayak ||
|-
| 2004 || Chandrakant M. Pokale || ''Mahanayaka'' || ''[[Mahanayak (novel)|Mahanayak]]'' || Marathi || Novel || [[Vishwas Patil]] ||
|-
| 2005 || [[Panchakshari Hiremath]] || ''Hemantha Ruthuvina Swaragalu'' || ''Patjhar Ki Awaz'' || Urdu || Short Stories || [[Qurratulain Hyder]] ||
|-
| 2006 || R.S. Lokapur || ''Kannada Jnaneshwari'' || ''[[Dnyaneshwari|Jnaneswari]]'' || Marathi || Poetry || [[Dnyaneshwar|Jnaneshwar]] ||
|-
| 2007 || R. Lakshminarayana || ''Kannada Vakrokti'' || ''Vakrokti Jivita'' || Sanskrit || Poetics || Kuntaka Nemade ||
|-
| 2008 || Hasan Nayeem Surakoda || ''Raseedi Tikeetu'' || ''Raseedi Ticket'' || Punjabi || Autobiography || [[Amrita Pritam]] ||
|-
| 2009 || D.N. Srinath || ''Bheeshma Sahniyavara Prathinidhika Kathegalu'' || ''Bhishma Sahni Ki Kahaniyan'' || Hindi || Short Stories || [[Bhisham Sahni]] ||
|-
| 2010 || A. Janaki || ''Godana'' || ''[[Godaan|Godan]]'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Premchand]] ||
|-
| 2011 || Tamil Selvi || ''Naanu Avanalla... Avalu...!'' || ''Naan Sharavanan lllai. Vidya'' || Telugu || Autobiography || [[Living Smile Vidya]] ||
|-
| 2012 || K.K.Nair & Ashok Kumar || ''Hagga (Part 1,2,3)'' || ''Kayar'' || Malayalam || Novel || [[Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai|Thakazhi Sivasankara]] ||
|-
| 2013 || J.P. Dodamani || ''Mahatma Jyotirao Phule'' || ''Mahatma Jyotirao Phule'' || Marathi || Biography || [[Dhananjay Keer]] || <ref>{{cite web |title=Sahitya Akademi award for Kannada translation |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/sahitya-akademi-award-for-kannada-translation/article5774375.ece |website=www.thehindu.com |access-date=19 May 2016}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/e-newsletter/July-August_2014_NewsLetter.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Newsletter|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2014-08-22|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2014 || G.N. Ranganatha Rao || ''Mohan Das: Ondu Satya Kathe'' || ''Mohan Das - A True Story of A Man, His People and an Empire'' || English || Biography || [[Rajmohan Gandhi]] || <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/e-newsletter/sep-dec_2015_NewsLetter.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Newsletter|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2015-09-04|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2015 || N. Damodara Shetty || ''Kochereti'' || ''[[Kocharethi|Kochereti]]'' || Malayalam || Novel || [[Narayan (writer)|Narayan]] || <ref>{{cite news |title=Sahitya Akademi announces winners of translation prize |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/sahitya-akademi-announces-winners-of-translation-prize-556372-2016-02-15 |accessdate=3 October 2019 |agency=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Imphal hosts Sahitya Akademi Translation Award |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/imphal-hosts-sahitya-akademi-translation-award/ |accessdate=3 October 2019 |newspaper=Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Sahitya Akademi announces winners of translation prize |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/sahitya-akademi-announces-winners-of-translation-prize-116021501187_1.html |accessdate=3 July 2019 |agency=business-standard}}</ref>
|-
| 2016 || O.L. Nagabhushanaswamy || ''A.K. Ramanujan Aayda Prabandhagalu'' || ''Selected Essays Of A.K. Ramanujan'' || English || Essays || [[A. K. Ramanujan]] ||
|-
| 2017 || H.S. Sreemathi || ''Mahashweta Devi Avara Katha Sahitya-1 & 2'' || ''Selected Stories Of Mahashweta Devi'' || Bengali || Short Stories || [[Mahasweta Devi]] ||
|-
| 2018 || Giraddi Govindaraj || ''Jaya : Mahabharatha Sachitra Marukathana'' || ''Jaya: Retelling of The Mahabharata'' || English || Epic || [[Devdutt Pattanaik]] || <ref name="sahitya-akademi3">{{Cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Translationprize_14-15-June-2019.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2018|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2022-03-30}}</ref>
|-
| 2019 || Dr. Vithalrao T. Gaikwad || ''Dalita Saahityada Soundarya Prajne'' || ''Dalit Sahityache Soundarya Shastra'' || Marathi || Literary Criticism || [[Sharankumar Limbale]] || <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://indiaculture.nic.in/sites/default/files/press_release/Pressrelease_TP_2019_25_02_2020.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Newsletter|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2020-02-24|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2020 || S. Nataraja Budalu || ''Sarahapada'' || ''Collections (Works. Philosophy & Dohas)'' || ''[[Apabhraṃśa]]'' || Dohas || Sarahapada || <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/TP-2020-EWeb.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation 2020|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2021-09-18|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2021 || Guruling Kapse || ''Ondu Putada Kathe'' || ''Eka Panachi Kahani'' || Marathi || Autobiography || [[V. S. Khandekar]] || <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_TP-2021.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation 2021|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2022-07-05|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2022 || Padmaraj Dandavati || ''Sita Ramayanada Sachitra Maru Kathana'' || ''Sita - An Illustrated Retelling of Ramayana'' || English || Fiction || [[Devdutt Pattanaik]] || <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_TP-2022.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2022|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2023-07-03|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
|2023 || [[K. K. Gangadharan]] || ''Malayalam Kathegalu'' || ''Selected Malayalam Short Stories'' || Malayalam || Short Stories || Various Authours || <ref>{{cite web |title=SAHITYA AKADEMI PRIZE FOR TRANSLATION 2023 |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2013527 |website=www.pib.gov.in |access-date=12 July 2024}}</ref>
|-
|2024 || Siddhaling Pattanashetti || ''Vidisha Prahasana'' || ''[[Mālavikāgnimitram]]'' || Sanskrit || Drama || [[Kalidasa]] || <ref>{{cite web |title=SAHITYA AKADEMI PRIZE FOR TRANSLATION 2024 |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2113771 |website=pib.gov.in |access-date=26 October 2025}}</ref>
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Kannada]]

==External links==
* [http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/anuvad_samman_suchi.jsp#Kannada Akademi Translation Prizes For Kannada Language]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize}}

[[Category:Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize|Kannada]]
[[Category:Indian literary awards]]

Indian National Kennel Club

2025-12-05T20:04:40Z

Marinazhg: slightly cleaned up page for consistency and cleaned formatting after review

{{Short description|Indian registry of purebred dogs}}
{{Distinguish|Kennel Club of India}}
{{Infobox organization
|name = Indian National Kennel Club
|image =
|image_border =
|size = 250px
|caption =
|formation = {{Start date and age|1957|3|21}}
|type = [[Kennel Club]]
|headquarters = [[Mumbai]], India
|location =
|membership =
|language =
|leader_title = President
|leader_name = [[Mr. Phiroze B. Javeri|Mr. Phiroze B. Javeri]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CwW1a1bLOII/ |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref>
|key_people = [[Ratty Javeri|Mrs. Ratty P. Javeri]] Secretary and Founder Member [[Mr. Rustam Kumana|Mr. Rustam Kumana]] Vice President [[Chetan Vengurlekar|Mr. Chetan Vengurlekar]] Joint Secretary<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian National Kennel Club {{!}} INKC - Dogs For A Good Life... A Good Life For Dogs |url=https://inkc.in/ |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=inkc.in}}</ref>
|num_staff =
|budget =
|website = {{URL|www.inkc.in}}
}}

'''The Indian National Kennel Club''' is a registry of purebred dogs in India. Beyond maintaining its pedigree registry, this kennel club also promotes and sanctions events for purebred dogs, including dog shows and specialty shows.

==History==
The Indian National Kennel Club was established on 21 March 1957 to promote the love of dogs, and enable proper breeding, rearing and training of dogs.

==Current activity and administration==
The Indian National Kennel Club is the leading authority on registration of purebreds and maintains the recognized registry. It issues pedigrees for purebreds and litters. It hosts various seminars, workshops, training classes and annual shows across the country, and awards championships to various breeds of dogs.

The current president of the Indian National Kennel Club is [[Mr. Phiroze Javeri|Mr. Phiroze Javeri]]. [[Ratty Javeri|Mrs. Ratty P. Javeri]] is the secretary and a founder member of the organization.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian National Kennel Club {{!}} INKC - Dogs For A Good Life... A Good Life For Dogs |url=https://inkc.in/ |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=inkc.in}}</ref>

According to an Instagram post<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CwW1a1bLOII/ |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref>, [[Mr. Rustam Kumana|Mr. Rustam Kumana]] was installed as the Vice President and [[Chetan Vengurlekar|Mr. Chetan Vengurlekar]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian National Kennel Club {{!}} INKC - Dogs For A Good Life... A Good Life For Dogs |url=https://inkc.in/ |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=inkc.in}}</ref> as the Joint Secretary of the club in August 2023.

==Registration==
The Indian National Kennel Club registers litters of puppies whose sire and dam have both been registered with either the Indian National Kennel Club or the Kennel Club of India, as well as dogs imported from other countries. It also registers purebred dogs whose parents do not have documentation; these dogs are classified as “purebreds with unknown pedigree”.

Since its establishment in 1957, the Indian National Kennel Club processed registrations through handwritten forms and manual record keeping. Mechanical typewriters were introduced in the 1960s, followed by digital typewriters in the 1970s. During this period, the turnaround time for issuing pedigree certificates generally extended to about one month due to the manual verification required.

INKC adopted computer based record keeping in 1991 through a dedicated registration program. This transition reduced the processing time for certificates to roughly three weeks and placed INKC among the earliest kennel clubs to issue digitally generated pedigree documents.

Public facing digital access expanded in stages. Portions of the registration system were opened to dog owners in 2013, allowing limited online viewing of records and enabling online payments through the INKC website. Certificate turnaround times during this phase averaged about two weeks as more workflow components moved into the digital environment.

On January 9, 2023 INKC introduced full online access for dog owners, providing complete digital profiles for registered dogs along with account and ownership information. In April 2023, the organization adopted the Totally Online Process (TOP), shifting all dog and litter registrations, transfers of ownership, dog show entries and result certificates to a fully electronic platform accessible through its website (inkc.in) and its Android application, DoggyLocker <ref>{{Cite web |title=DoggyLocker {{!}} For INKC Dogs – Apps on Google Play |url=https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.inkcdogs.doggylocker&hl=en_IN |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=play.google.com |language=en-IN}}</ref>. INKC is regarded as one of the first kennel clubs in the world to provide a completely paperless registration workflow. Following the introduction of TOP, certificate issuance times reduced dramatically, with documents typically generated within a range of two minutes to two hours depending on the complexity of verification.

Pedigree papers issued by the Indian National Kennel Club are continuously updated as registered dogs earn titles or change ownership. These documents help maintain lineage integrity and reduce the circulation of peddling pedigrees<ref name="Peddling Pedigree">{{cite web|url=http://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/others/sunday-read/special-investigative-report-peddling-pedigree/articleshow/56979164.cms|title=Mumbai Mirror|accessdate=5 February 2017}}</ref> of pedigreed dogs at bay.

The most common registered breeds with the Indian National Kennel Club are: [[Labrador retriever]]s, [[golden retriever]]s, [[German shepherd dog]]s, [[dachshund]]s, [[Doberman pinscher]]s and [[pug]]s. Along with the common breeds, Indian National Kennel Club also registers Indian pure breeds like the [[Mudhol hound]].<ref name="Mudhol Hound">{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/592891/hounds-mudhol.html|title=Deccan Herald|accessdate=24 January 2017}}</ref>

==Dog shows==
Speciality and general dog shows are conducted by the Indian National Kennel Club all over the country. These shows are generally held from October to May every year. The shows follow procedures and guidelines set by the Indian National Kennel Club.

Dogs are issued [[challenge certificates]] and [[championship certificates]]. Dogs are awarded points (depending on their breed and temperament) in every dog show and at the end of the year, the dog receiving the most show points receives the Dog of the Year award.

The other awards include [[Best in Class]], [[Best of Breed]], [[Best in Group]], [[Conformation show|Best in Show]].

The Indian National Kennel Club organizes an event<ref name="Prakruti">{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-nurtured-by-nature-2055146|title=Daily News and Analysis|accessdate=23 January 2015}}</ref> in the Prakruti festival in Bhavan's College, Andheri, Mumbai every year on animal petting and dog shows.

==Specialty dog shows==
In addition to general dog shows, the Indian National Kennel Club also organizes specialty dog shows. For fun and interaction between dogs and humans, Indian National Kennel Club also holds events like fancy dress for dogs. They also arrange doggie dates<ref name="Doggie Dates">{{cite web|url=http://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/others/health-lifestyle/kennel-worth/articleshow/55958845.cms|title=Mumbai Mirror|accessdate=13 December 2016}}</ref> for dogs which helps the owner to find a suitable mate for their dog.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*[http://www.inkc.in/ Official INKC website]

{{Animal welfare}}
{{Portal bar|Dogs}}

[[Category:Animal welfare organisations based in India]]
[[Category:Kennel clubs]]
[[Category:1957 establishments in Bombay State]]

Anandi Art Creations

2025-11-28T00:06:39Z

Marinazhg: general adjusted citations per sources further and corrected details

{{Short description|Indian film production company}}
{{About|a company|3=Anandhi (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Anandi Art Creations
| logo =
| type =
| parent =
| owner =
| foundation =
| founder =
| location_city =
| location_country = India
| area_served = India
| key_people =
| subsid =
| industry = [[Entertainment]]
|services =
| products = [[Films]]
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| homepage =
}}
''' Anandi Art Creations ''' is an [[Cinema of India|Indian film]] [[production company]] .<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.andhramania.com/banners.php |title= Tollywood Banners |publisher= andhramania.com |accessdate= 19 July 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180413043701/http://www.andhramania.com/banners.php |archive-date= 13 April 2018 |url-status= dead }}</ref> Producer of this production house is P. Kiran & he also won two [[Filmfare Awards South|Filmfare Awards]]{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

==Film production==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| No
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Year
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Film
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Language
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Actors
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Director
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Notes
|-
| 1 || 1998 || ''[[Antahpuram ]]'' || [[Telugu Language|Telugu]] || [[Jagapati Babu]], [[Soundarya]], [[Prakash Raj]], [[Sai Kumar (Kannada actor)|Sai Kumar]] || [[Krishna Vamsi]] || Won: [[Filmfare Award for Best Film - Telugu]]
|-
| 2 || 2001 || ''[[Nuvvu Nenu]]'' || Telugu || [[Uday Kiran]], [[Anita Hassanandani|Anita]] ||[[Teja (film director)|Teja]] || Won: [[Filmfare Award for Best Film - Telugu]]
|-
| 3 || 2002 || ''[[Avunu Valliddaru Ista Paddaru!]]'' || Telugu || [[Raviteja]], [[Kaveri (actress)|Kaveri]] || [[Vamsy]] || Presenter of this film
|-
| 4 || 2003 || ''[[Ammayilu Abbayilu]]''<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-ammailu.html|title= Movie review - Ammailu Abbailu|publisher= [[idlebrain.com]] |accessdate=19 July 2015}}</ref> || Telugu ||Vijay, Mohit, Sonu Sood, Devina, Vidya and Swapna Madhuri || [[Ravi Babu]] ||
|-
| 5 || 2003 || ''[[Okariki Okaru]]'' || Telugu || [[Srikanth (actor, born 1979)|Sriram]], [[Aarthi Chhabria]]||[[Rasool Ellore]] ||The film was dubbed in Tamil as ''Unnai Paartha Naal Mudhal''
|-
| 6 || 2009 || ''[[Kurradu]]'' || Telugu ||[[Varun Sandesh]], [[Neha Sharma]] ||Sandeep Gunnam ||
|-
| 7 || 2013 || ''[[Venkatadri Express (film)|Venkatadri Express]]'' || Telugu ||[[Sundeep Kishan]], [[Rakul Preet Singh]] ||Merlapaka Gandhi||
|-
| 8 || 2015|| ''[[Beeruva]]''<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.supergoodmovies.com/61627/tollywood/anandiarts-ushakiran-film-beeruva-news-details |title= AnandiArts-UshaKiran film 'Beeruva' |publisher= supergoodmovies.com |date= 11 Nov 2014 |accessdate= 20 July 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150704165336/http://www.supergoodmovies.com/61627/tollywood/anandiarts-ushakiran-film-beeruva-news-details |archive-date= 2015-07-04 |url-status= usurped }}</ref>||Telugu||[[Sundeep Kishan]], [[Surabhi (actress)|Surabhi]] ||Kanmani ||Co Production with '''[[Ushakiran Movies]]'''
|-
| 9 || 2016 || ''[[Majnu (2016 film)|Majnu]]'' || Telugu ||[[Nani (actor)|Nani]], [[Anu Emmanuel]], Priya Shri ||[[Virinchi Varma]]||Co Production with '''Keva Movies'''
|-
| 10 || 2018|| ''[[Manasuku Nachindi]]''<ref>{{cite web |url= https://m.imdb.com/title/tt7754486/ |title= AnandiArts-UshaKiran and Indira Production film 'Manasuku Nachindi' |publisher= [[imdb.com]] |date= 23 March 2024 |accessdate= 23 March 2024}}</ref> || Telugu ||[[Sundeep Kishan]], [[Amyra Dastur]], [[Tridha Choudhury]], [[Adith Arun]] || [[Manjula Ghattamaneni]] ||Co Production with '''[[Indira Productions]] '''
|-
|11
|2021
|[[Vivaha Bhojanambu (2021 film)|''Vivaha Bhojanambu'']]
|Telugu
|[[Satya (Telugu actor)|Satya]], [[Sundeep Kishan]], Aarjavee
|Ram Abbaraju
|Co Production with '''Soldiers Factory''' and '''Venkatadri Express'''
|-
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCC8SoNMHu0S8-Xp9cIG8rug Anandi Art Creations] on [[YouTube]]

[[Category:Film production companies based in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Year of establishment missing]]

{{india-media-stub}}

Sant Ravidas Ghat

2025-11-25T07:22:56Z

Marinazhg: cleanup

{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Sant Ravidas Ghat
| image =RavidasiVaranasi.JPG
| caption =Sant Ravidas Smarak Park at Sant Ravidas Ghat
| coordinates = {{coord|25|17|1.049|N|83|0|32.825|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| country = [[India]]
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
'''Sant Ravidas Ghat''' is the southernmost and largest [[ghat]] in [[Varanasi]].<ref name="The Times of India 2013">{{cite web | title=Ganga Mahotsav venue shifts to Sant Ravidas Ghat | website=The Times of India | date=11 November 2013 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/Ganga-Mahotsav-venue-shifts-to-Sant-Ravidas-Ghat/articleshow/25579072.cms | accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref> To most visitors to Varanasi, it is known for being an important religious place for [[Ravidassia religion|Ravidasis]] with a 25 acres park known as ''Sant Ravidas Smarak Park''.<ref name="India Today 1997">{{cite web | title=In Varanasi, 25 acres are being acquired for a Sant Ravidas Park.| website=India Today | date=28 July 1997 | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/states/story/19970728-uttar-pradesh-exchequer-suffers-as-mayawati-splurges-on-statues-of-dalit-heroes-830438-1997-07-27 | access-date=20 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="Indian Express">{{cite web | title=The four went to Sant Ravidas Park and then to the Sant Ravidas ghat | website=Indian Express | url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/bhu-student-drowns-in-ganga-two-others-missing/690385/ | accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="The Times of India 2010">{{cite web | title=The sites from where samples were picked included Ravidas Park | website=The Times of India | date=21 May 2010 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/Ganga-water-contaminated-with-heavy-metals/articleshow/5959877.cms | accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref>

==History==
The establishment of Ravidas Ghat was announced in February 2008,<ref name="dna 2008">{{cite web | title=UP Chief Minister said she would provide Rs twenty crore to complete the construction of a ghat along the banks of the Ganga to be named after the 14th century saint Ravidas at Nagwa | website=dna | date=21 February 2008 | url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-mayawati-claims-to-have-put-an-end-to-mulayam-s-oppressive-era-1152128 | accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="Photogallery 2008">{{cite web | title=Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati unveils the golden Palanquin, brought from Jalandhar, during her visit at Sant Ravidas Temple, in Varanasi on Thursday | website=Photogallery | date=22 February 2008 | url=http://photogallery.indiatimes.com/news/india/mayawati-at-varanasi/articleshow/2803618.cms | accessdate=24 April 2016}}</ref> during the 2008 ''Golden [[Litter (vehicle)|Palki]] Shobha Yatra'' at [[Shri Guru Ravidass Janam Asthan|Sant Ravidas temple]] on the saint's 631st birth.<ref name="www.oneindia.com 2008">{{cite web | title=Maya's golden 'palki' reaches Varanasi | website=www.oneindia.com | date=20 February 2008 | url=http://www.oneindia.com/2008/02/20/mayas-golden-palki-reaches-varanasi-1203525204.html | accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref> The ghat was inaugurated in 2009 by Chief Minister [[Mayawati]].<ref name="Rai Bureau 2016">{{cite web | last=Rai | first=Manmohan | last2=Bureau | first2=ET | title=Mayawati government took steps to honour and highlight the role of Sant Ravidas, like renaming Bhadohi to Sant Ravidas Nagar, constructing a Ravidas Ghat and Park in Varanasi and installing his statue there, building a Ravidas College in Faizabad and constituting an award in his name| website=The Economic Times | date=22 February 2016 | url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/mayawati-slams-modi-sp-for-participation-in-sant-ravidas-jayanti-celebrations/articleshow/51089419.cms | accessdate=24 April 2016}}</ref><ref name="The Times of India 2009">{{cite web | title=Ravidas Ghat - Just a step away | website=The Times of India | date=2009-06-23 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/Ravidas-Ghat-Just-a-step-away/articleshow/4693445.cms | accessdate=2015-10-20}}</ref>

==Tourism and popular culture==
''Sant Ravidas Ghat'' is nearly 13 minutes drive from [[Shri Guru Ravidass Janam Asthan]], [[Varanasi]].<ref name="Ravidas Ghat to Shri Guru Ravidass Janam Asthan Mandir 2015">{{cite web | title=Ravidas Ghat to Shri Guru Ravidass Janam Asthan Mandir | website=Ravidas Ghat to Shri Guru Ravidass Janam Asthan Mandir | date=5 October 2015 | url=https://www.google.co.in/maps/dir/Ravidas+Ghat,+Dumraon+Colony,+Varanasi,+Uttar+Pradesh/Shri+Guru+Ravidass+Janam+Asthan+Mandir,+Seer+Goverdhanpur,+Varanasi,+Uttar+Pradesh+221005/@25.2611345,82.9862396,5755m/am=t/data=!3m1!1e3!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x398e319356fa1cbf:0xbd341065b0cead04!2m2!1d83.0091181!2d25.2836247!1m5!1m1!1s0x398e31792cffa1d1:0x44c331ffd6cc6b8b!2m2!1d82.998758!2d25.256477?hl=en | accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref>

The place is well known for religious tourism by devotees of [[Ravidas|Guru Ravidas]].<ref name="dainikbhaskar 2016">{{cite web | title=आज रविदास घाट पर होगा समाजसेवियों का samman | website=dainikbhaskar | date=22 February 2016 | url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/MP-UJJ-MAT-latest-ujjain-news-043447-3664142-NOR.html | language=hi | access-date=27 February 2016}}</ref>

Sant Ravidas Ghat is one of ghats often visited for recreation and during festivals like [[Dev Deepawali (Varanasi)|Dev Deepawali]] and Ganga Mahotsav.<ref>{{cite news|title=Experience the rich cultural heritage of Varanasi at Ganga Mahotsav|url=http://www.iamin.in/en/varanasi/news/experience-rich-cultural-heritage-varanasi-ganga-mahotsav-76239|archive-url=https://archive.today/20161127101614/http://www.iamin.in/en/varanasi/news/experience-rich-cultural-heritage-varanasi-ganga-mahotsav-76239|url-status=unfit|archive-date=2016-11-27}}</ref><ref name="I am in DNA of India 2015">{{cite web | title=UP CM Akhilesh Yadav likely to inaugurate Ganga Mahotsav in Varanasi on Nov 22 | website=I am in DNA of India | date=27 August 2015 | url=http://www.iamin.in/en/varanasi/news/cm-akhilesh-yadav-likely-inaugurate-ganga-mahotsav-varanasi-nov-22-68077 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151215165204/http://www.iamin.in/en/varanasi/news/cm-akhilesh-yadav-likely-inaugurate-ganga-mahotsav-varanasi-nov-22-68077 | url-status=unfit | archive-date=15 December 2015 | language=la | accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref>

There is a proposed [[Balloon (aeronautics)#Hot air balloons|helium balloon ride]] facility is at Sant Ravidas Ghat as a tourist attraction.<ref name="IANS 2012">{{cite web | author=IANS | title=U.P. plans to woo tourists with new attractions | website=The Hindu | date=16 June 2012 | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/up-plans-to-woo-tourists-with-new-attractions/article3534038.ece | accessdate=20 October 2015}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Shri Guru Ravidass Janam Asthan]]
*[[Shri Guru Ravidas Gurughar]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Varanasi|state=expanded}}

==External links==
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0gfoF7Xr6Vo Mayawati's speech on Sant Ravidas Ghat]
{{commons category|Ravidas Ghat}}

[[Category:Ghats in Varanasi]]

Kunal Rohidas Patil

2025-11-25T06:31:02Z

Marinazhg: correct details for consistency

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Kunal Rohidas Patil
| image = File:Kunal Baba Rohidas Patil.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| order =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| spouse =
| parents = Rohidas Chudaman Patil {{small|(Father)}}
| office1 = [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Member of Legislative Assembly Maharashtra]]
| term_start1 = (2014-2019), (2019
| term_end1 = 2024)
| predecessor1 = Prof.Sharad Patil
| successor1 = [[Raghavendra Patil]]
| constituency1 = [[Dhule Rural (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dhule Rural]]

|party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] {{small|(2025-Present)}}
| otherparty = [[Indian National Congress]] {{small|(Till July 2025)}}
| website =
}}
'''Kunal Rohidas Patil''' is a member of the 14th [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]. He won this constituency for a second time in a row as MLA . He represents the [[Dhule Rural (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dhule Rural]] Assembly Constituency. He belongs to the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref name="IT-20141103">{{cite news|title=Results of Maharashtra Assembly polls 2014|work=India Today|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/assembly-elections-2015/story/maharashtra-assembly-poll-results-bjp-shiv-sena-ncp-congress-223847-2014-10-19|access-date=3 November 2014}}</ref> He is the son of Indian National Congress leader and former minister<ref name="IE-20111030">{{cite news|date=2011-10-30|title=Lobbying for MLC seat in Cong; Rohidas Patil, Sanjay Dutt in race|work=The Indian Express|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/lobbying-for-mlc-seat-in-cong--rohidas-patil-sanjay-dutt-in-race/867493/|accessdate=13 June 2015}}</ref> [[Rohidas Patil]].<ref name="EC-20141020">{{cite news|date=2014-10-20|title=6 Mumbai Corporators, 3 Council members make it to Maharashtra Assembly|work=The Economic Times|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-10-20/news/55236502_1_mumbai-corporators-maharashtra-assembly-narayan-rane|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616064809/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-10-20/news/55236502_1_mumbai-corporators-maharashtra-assembly-narayan-rane|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 June 2015|accessdate=13 June 2015}}</ref>

He won the Dhule Rural constituency in 2019 in Maharashtra Assembly elections by 14564 votes against BJP candidate Dnyanjyoti Manohar Patil (Bhadane).{{fact|date=December 2021}}

Also, on the orders of Congress party leaders, he contested the Lok Sabha elections in 2019 in Dhule Lok Sabha constituency.
On 22 March 2017, Patil was suspended along with 18 other MLAs until 31 December for interrupting Maharashtra Finance Minister [[Sudhir Mungantiwar]] during a state budget session and burning copies of the budget outside the assembly four days earlier.<ref>{{Cite web|date=22 March 2017|title=Maharashtra Assembly ruckus: Speaker suspends 19 MLAs till December 31|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/maharashtra-assembly-ruckus-speaker-suspends-19-mlas-till-december-31/}}</ref>

Patil has been chairman of Shivaji Vidya Prasarak Sanstha, an over hundred year old educational institution<ref name="(India)Dept1974">{{cite book|author1=Maharashtra (India)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DIRhAAAAIAAJ|title=Maharashtra State Gazetteers: Dhulia|author2=Maharashtra (India). Gazetteers Dept|publisher=Director of Government Printing, Stationery and Publications, Maharashtra State|year=1974|page=779}}</ref> based in [[Dhule]]<ref name="IBNLokmat-20010307">{{cite news|date=2011-03-07|title=रोहिदास पाटील यांच्याविरोधात फसवणुकीचा गुन्हा दाखल|language=Marathi|work=IBN-Lokmat|url=http://www.ibnlokmat.tv/archives/36660|accessdate=13 June 2015}}</ref> and celebrated Golden Jubilee last year. The Sanstha runs all the professional courses from Primary education to Engineering College, Polytechnic, Arts, Commerce and Science Colleges and 40 schools in the district.{{fact|date=December 2021}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Patil, Kunal}}
[[Category:1974 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:People from Dhule]]
[[Category:Marathi politicians]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Maharashtra]]

{{Maharashtra-INC-politician-stub}}

Namma Madurai Sisters

2025-11-04T15:33:24Z

Marinazhg: adding a info

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox television
| image =
| caption =
| genre = {{ubl|[[Family]]|[[Drama]]|}}
| based_on =
| creator = [[Colors Tamil]]
| developer =
| screenplay = V. Pathmavathy '''Dialogue''' P.T Senthil Kumaran
| director = Suresh Shanmugam
| creative_director =
| starring = [[Sruthi Lakshmi]] Sunitha Sankavi [[Iraa Agarwal]]
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| num_seasons =
| num_episodes = 166
| executive_producer =
| producer = S. Gowsalya Rani
| cinematography = Balagurunathan dft
| editor = Ashok Antony
| camera = [[Multi camera]]
| runtime = 22 minutes
| company = SNS Movies
| budget =
| network = [[Colors Tamil]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=y|2022|02|21}}
| last_aired = {{End date|df=y|2022|09|23}}
}}

'''Namma Madurai Sisters''' is a 2022 Indian-[[Tamil language|Tamil]] language [[Tamil television drama|drama]] television series<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.samayam.com/tv/news/manmadharasas-namma-madurai-sisters-serial-airing-with-the-support-of-the-fans/articleshow/89742089.cms|title=ரசிகர்களின் ஆதரவோடு ஒளிபரப்பாகும் மன்மதராசாவின் "நம்ம மதுரை சிஸ்டர்ஸ்" சீரியல்…! |website=tamil.samayam.comm|language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/new-tv-show-namma-madurai-sisters-to-launch-soon/articleshow/89118435.cms|title=New TV show 'Namma Madurai Sisters' to launch soon|website=Times of India|date=27 January 2022 |language=en}}</ref> starring [[Sruthi Lakshmi]], Sunitha, Sankavi and [[Iraa Agarwal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bestmediainfo.com/2022/02/colors-tamil-launches-new-fiction-show-namma-madurai-sisters/|title=Colors Tamil launches new fiction show 'Namma Madurai Sisters'|website=bestmediainfo.com|language=en}}</ref> It premiered on [[Colors Tamil]] 21 February 2022 and ended on 23 September 2022.

==Cast==
===Main===
* [[Chaya Singh]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinemanews/2022/02/16193832/3492361/Tamil-cinema-Chaya-Singh-new-serial.vpf|title=சின்னத்திரையில் களமிறங்கிய சாயா சிங் |website=cinema.maalaimalar.com|language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/colors-tamil-announces-new-show-namma-madurai-sisters-starring-chaya-singh-4705523.html|title=Colors Tamil Announces New Show Namma Madurai Sisters Starring Chaya Singh|website=www.news18.com|language=en}}</ref> / [[Sruthi Lakshmi]] as Indhrani
* Sunitha as Meghala
* Sankavi as Bhuvana Shivakumar
* [[Iraa Agarwal]] as Kavya Nandakumar

===Supporting===
* Deepak Kumar as Nandakumar (Nanda)
* Harishankar Narayanan / Venkatesh as Shivakumar
* Parthan as Rajamanickam
* Rathan Ganapathy as Muthumanickam
* [[Ashwanth Thilak|Aswanth Thilak]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/ashwanth-thilak-joins-the-cast-of-idhu-namma-madurai-sisters/articleshow/92597688.cms|title=Ashwanth Thilak joins the cast of 'Idhu Namma Madurai Sisters'|website=Times of India|date=July 2022 |language=en}}</ref> as Ashwin

==Production==
===Casting===
[[Chaya Singh]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.puthiyathalaimurai.com/newsview/130253/Actress-chaya-singh-Namma-Madurai-Sisters-is-set-to-go-on-air-starting-from-21st-February|title=சாயா சிங் நடிப்பில் இன்று முதல் ஒளிபரப்பாகும் 'நம்ம மதுரை சிஸ்டர்ஸ்'|website=www.puthiyathalaimurai.com|language=ta}}</ref> was selected to play Indhrani, but was replaced by [[Sruthi Lakshmi]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/exclusive-sruthi-lakshmi-replaces-chaya-singh-in-namma-madurai-sisters-says-i-knew-its-going-to-be-another-milestone/articleshow/91644679.cms|title=Exclusive- Sruthi Lakshmi replaces Chaya Singh in 'Namma Madurai Sisters'; says, "I knew it's going to be another milestone"|website=Times of India|date=18 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref> in May 2022. [[Iraa Agarwal]] joined the cast in November 2021. Sunitha was selected to play Meghala and Sankavi as Bhuvana in December 2021. Deepak Kumar<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/deepak-kumar-to-play-lead-role-in-new-tv-show-namma-madurai-sisters-4786751.html|title=Deepak Kumar to Play Lead Role in New TV Show Namma Madurai Sisters|website=www.news18.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/tamil-actor-deepak-kumar-resumes-work-after-marriage-bags-the-lead-in-namma-madurai-sisters/articleshow/89664393.cms|title=Tamil actor Deepak Kumar resumes work after marriage; bags the lead in 'Namma Madurai Sisters'|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|date=18 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref> was cast, and he had to leave the series [[Endrendrum Punnagai (TV series)|''Endrendrum Punnagai'']].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/actor-deepak-kumar-exits-popular-zee5-show-endrendrum-punnagai-4750085.html|title=Actor Deepak Kumar Exits Popular Zee5 Show Endrendrum Punnagai|website=www.news18.com|language=en}}</ref>

===Release===
The first promo was released on 8 January 2021,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dinamani.com/cinema/cinema-news/2022/jan/25/colors-tamil-chaya-singh-namma-madurai-sisters-promo-is-out-3779884.html|title=நம்ம மதுரை சிஸ்டர்ஸ் தொடரின் முதல் ப்ரோமோ |website=www.dinamani.com|date=25 January 2022 |language=ta}}</ref> and the second on 24 January 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHQLcgRKtmY|title=Namma Madurai Sisters Promo From Feb 21, 7 PM|website=www.youtube.com|language=ta}}</ref>

==Original soundtrack==
===Title song===
"Thunindhu Vaa Nee" was sung by [[Vaikom Vijayalakshmi]].<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Ramanujam |first1=Srinivasa |title=Vaikom Vijayalakshmi: Music is everything to me |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/vaikom-vijayalakshmi-music-is-everything-to-me/article65086692.ece|website=www.thehindu.com |date=3 March 2022 }}</ref>

===Soundtrack===
{{track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Thunindhu Vaa Nee (துணிந்து வா நீ)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DlIinN6vDDA|title=Thunindhu Vaa Nee Song Lyrical, Namma Madurai Sisters, Vaikom Vijayalakshmi|work=www.youtube.com}}</ref>
| lyrics1 =
| extra1 = [[Vaikom Vijayalakshmi]]
| length1 = 1:00
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|17528060}}

{{Colors Tamil shows}}

[[Category:2022 Tamil-language television series debuts]]
[[Category:2022 Tamil-language television series endings]]
[[Category:Colors Tamil original programming]]
[[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Tamil Nadu]]

Anant Pratap Deo

2025-10-27T14:26:59Z

Marinazhg: quick added page based on references additionally

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Anant Pratap Deo
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| residence =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| nationality = [[India]]n
| office = Member of the [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Bhawanathpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhawanathpur]]
| termstart = 2024
| termend =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| party = {{ubl|[[Indian National Congress]]|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] (2024 - present)}}
| education= Central Hindu School, kamodhya, Varanasi
| occupation = Politician
| religion =
| spouse =
| father = Shankar Pratap Deo
| mother =
| children =
| website =
| footnotes =
| date =
| year = 2022 |
}}
'''Anant Pratap Deo''' is an Indian politician and member of the [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]. Deo was a member of the [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]] from the [[Bhawanathpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhawanathpur constituency]] in [[Garhwa district]] as a [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] member.<ref name="Indianexpress">{{cite news | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bjp-takes-off-by-ringing-out-the-old/ | title=BJP takes off by ringing out the old | date=19 November 2014 | first=Deepu Sebastian | last=Edmond | newspaper=The Indian Express | accessdate=23 June 2019 }}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141103031855/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1141103/jsp/frontpage/story_18992910.jsp Hand in hand, leap to lotus]</ref>

==Early life==
He was born to Shankar Pratap Deo in the former royal family. He attended Central Hindu School, kamodhya, Varanasi.<ref>[http://myneta.info/jharkhand2014/candidate.php?candidate_id=46 My Neta]</ref>

==Career==
He joined [[Indian National Congress]]. He won Bhawanathpur constituency in 2009. In 2014, he joined Bharatiya Janata party.<ref name="Indianexpress"/>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Deo, Anant Pratap}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Garhwa district]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Jharkhand MLAs 2009–2014]]
[[Category:Jharkhand MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Jharkhand Mukti Morcha politicians]]

{{Jharkhand-BJP-politician-stub}}

S. R. Jangid

2025-10-01T08:16:42Z

Marinazhg: adding a details initial version

{{Short description|Former Director General of Police, Tamil Nadu}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{infobox person
| image = S R. Jangid.jpg
| birth_place = [[Barmer district]], [[Rajasthan]]
| education = [[Master of Arts]] (Economics)
| alma_mater = [[University of Rajasthan]] [[University of Madras]]
| known_for = [[Operation Bawaria]]
| awards = [[President's Police Medal]]
}}
'''Sangaram Jangid''', also known as '''S.R. Jangid''', is a retired [[Law enforcement in India|Indian police]] officer. He belonged to the 1985 batch of the [[Indian Police Service]]. He served as the [[Director General of Police]] in [[Tamil Nadu]]. He is known for leading the operations against the [[Bawaria robberies]] in the early 2000s. He was awarded the [[President's Police Medal]] for gallantry in 2008, and for distinguished service in 2011.

== Career ==
Jangid belonged to the 1985 batch of the [[Indian Police Service]]. He led the [[Tamil Nadu Police]] team that investigated the [[Bawaria robberies]], a series of [[dacoity]] and [[murder]] incidents perpetrated in residential areas along various [[National Highway (India)|national highways]] in Tamil Nadu between 1995 and 2005.<ref name="Hindu1">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/bawaria-gang-that-struck-terror-in-suburbs-and-other-parts-of-state/article67230567.ece|title=Bawaria gang that struck terror in Chennai suburbs and other parts of TN|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=28 August 2023|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> The organised [[dacoity]] carried out by a group of truck drivers from the [[Babaria|Bawaria community]] killing 13 people, and injuring 63 others.<ref name="Hindu2">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/gangs-from-north-india-that-struck-terror-on-tamil-nadu-highways/article68722917.ece|title=Robbery gangs from North India that struck terror on Tamil Nadu highways|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=7 October 2024|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref><ref name="Hindu3">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/operation-bawariaon-silver-screen-now/article20493784.ece|title='Operation Bawaria' that inspired Karthi's Theeran Adhigaaram Ondru|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 November 2017|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=7 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407023154/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/operation-bawariaon-silver-screen-now/article20493784.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> The subsequent police operation led by Jangid resulted in the deaths of two, and the arrest of eight others including the leader of the gang Oma Bawaria.<ref name="Hindu4">{{cite news|title=Dacoit, associate killed in encounter near Meerut|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/Dacoit-associate-killed-in-encounter-near-Meerut/article15735905.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=20 November 2017|access-date=16 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120093433/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/Dacoit-associate-killed-in-encounter-near-Meerut/article15735905.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Hindu5">{{cite news|title=Tamil Nadu police arrest Oma Bawaria in U.P.|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2005/09/10/stories/2005091004870400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120062945/http://www.thehindu.com/2005/09/10/stories/2005091004870400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 November 2017|access-date=16 December 2017|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=5 September 2005}}</ref> Jangid retired as the [[Director general of police|Director General of Police]] on 31 July 2019.<ref>{{cite news |date=31 July 2019 |title=DGP Jangid to retire today |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/dgp-jangid-to-retire-today/article28764398.ece |access-date=1 June 2023 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=31 July 2019 |title=Ace police officer Jangid hangs up his boots today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/ace-police-officer-jangid-hangs-up-his-boots-today/articleshow/70458537.cms |access-date=8 June 2024 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Awards and honors ==
Jangid was awarded the [[President's Police Medal]] for gallantry in 2008, and for distinguished service in 2011.<ref>{{cite news |date=15 August 2008 |title=President's police medal for S.R. Jangid |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/Presidentrsquos-police-medal-for-S.R.-Jangid/article15281321.ece}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=26 January 2011 |title=President's medal for police officers |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Presidents-medal-for-police-officers/article15534184.ece |access-date=1 June 2024 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He received a [[honorary doctorate]] from [[University of Madras]] in 2023.<ref>{{cite news |date=1 December 2023 |title=Ex-DGP Jangid awarded doctorate |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/ex-dgp-jangid-awarded-doctorate-by-university-of-madras/articleshow/105641402.cms |access-date=1 June 2024 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== In popular culture ==
In the 2017 [[Tamil film]] ''[[Theeran Adhigaaram Ondru]]'' directed by [[H. Vinoth]], lead actor [[Karthi]]'s role is based on Jangid.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/theeran-adhigaram-ondru-director-vinoth-talks-about-his-fascination-for-real-life-stories-4212675.html|title=Theeran Adhigaram Ondru: Director Vinoth talks about his fascination for real-life stories|work=Firstpost|access-date=20 November 2017|archive-date=16 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716224008/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/theeran-adhigaram-ondru-director-vinoth-talks-about-his-fascination-for-real-life-stories-4212675.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title='Operation Bawaria' that inspired Karthi's Theeran Adhyaayam Ondru|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/operation-bawariaon-silver-screen-now/article20493784.ece|accessdate=18 November 2017|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 November 2017|archive-date=16 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116221242/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/operation-bawariaon-silver-screen-now/article20493784.ece|url-status=live}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:S R., Jangid}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian Police Service officers]]
[[Category:People from Barmer, Rajasthan]]
[[Category:University of Rajasthan alumni]]
[[Category:University of Madras alumni]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Nemalur

2025-09-20T08:19:51Z

Marinazhg: adding basic pg w/ refs

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Nemallur
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = Tamil
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| etymology =
| pushpin_map = India Tamil Nadu#India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu, India
| coordinates = {{coord|13.4306444|N|79.9919995|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Taluk]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gummidipoondi taluk|Gummidipoondi]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type = [[Panchayat]]
| seat =
| leader_party =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_m = 30
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 4251
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = 
| area_code =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]] code
| blank_info_sec1 = 628573
| footnotes =
}}
'''Nemallur''' is a village in the [[Tiruvallur district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. It is located in the [[Gummidipoondi taluk]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dolr.nic.in/dolr/mpr/revenuevillagedirectorypdf/Tamil%20Nadu.pdf |title=Tamil Nadu village directory |publisher=Government of India |accessdate=2015-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095332/http://dolr.nic.in/dolr/mpr/revenuevillagedirectorypdf/Tamil%20Nadu.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Demographics ==

According to the [[2011 census of India]], Nemalur has 1106 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 66.96%.<ref name="census_2011"/>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Demographics (2011 Census)<ref name="census_2011">{{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/PCA%20CDB-3301-F-Census.xlsx |title=Thiruvallur population |work=[[2011 Census of India]] |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Tamil Nadu |accessdate=2015-10-11 }}</ref>
! !! Total !! Male !! Female
|-
| Population || 4251 || 2086 || 2165
|-
| Children aged below 6 years || 416 || 204 || 212
|-
| [[Scheduled caste]] || 1724 || 845 || 879
|-
| [[Scheduled tribe]] || 476 || 237 || 239
|-
| Literates || 2568 || 1393 || 1175
|-
| Workers (all) || 2222 || 1304 || 918
|-
| Main workers (total) || 2077 || 1223 || 854
|-
| Main workers: Cultivators || 183 || 116 || 67
|-
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers || 1293 || 660 || 633
|-
| Main workers: Household industry workers || 47 || 32 || 15
|-
| Main workers: Other || 554 || 415 || 139
|-
| Marginal workers (total) || 145 || 81 || 64
|-
| Marginal workers: Cultivators || 10 || 4 || 6
|-
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers || 42 || 20 || 22
|-
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers || 3 || 1 || 2
|-
| Marginal workers: Others || 90 || 56 || 34
|-
| Non-workers || 2029 || 782 || 1247
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Gummidipoondi taluk}}

[[Category:Villages in Gummidipoondi taluk]]

Kanne Kalaimaane (2022 TV series)

2025-08-28T07:19:53Z

Marinazhg: stub

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox television
| image =
| genre = {{ubl|
* [[Family drama|Family]]
* [[Drama (film and television)|Drama]]
}}
| inspired_by =
| writer = Deepika Ramani Sivaramkumar {{small|(dialogues)}}
| story = Deepika Ramani
| director = Raja Thanush
| creative_director =
| starring = {{ubl|
* Pavithra Gowda
* [[Rashmi Prabhakar]]
* Nandha
* Navin Victor
}}
| theme_music_composer = Ilayavan
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 361<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/daily-soap-kanne-kalaimane-completes-200-episodes/articleshow/100767571.cms| title=Daily soap 'Kanne Kalaimane' completes 200 episodes|date=5 June 2023 |website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref>
| executive_producer =
| producer = P. Arunkumar
| editor =
| cinematography =
| camera = [[Multi-Camera]]
| runtime = 22 minutes
| company = D Studio
| network = [[Star Vijay]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2022|10|10|df=y}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2023|12|9|df=y}}
}}

'''''Kanne Kalaimaane''''' ({{Translation| ''My Dear Gorgeous''}}) is an Indian [[Tamil-language]] television series
that premiered on 10 October 2022 in [[Star Vijay]] and ended on 9 December 2023, and digitally streams on [[Disney+ Hotstar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/tamil-tv-show-kanne-kalaimane-to-go-off-air-soon/articleshow/105497151.cms| title=Tamil TV show 'Kanne Kalaimane' to go off-air soon|date=25 November 2023 |website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref>

The series depicts the story of young mother Banumathi, who is blind and she resides with her 8-year-old daughter Thamizh. It stars Pavithra Gowda, [[Rashmi Prabhakar]], Nandha, and Navin Victor in lead roles. It is directed by Raja Thanush and produced by P. Arunkumar under the banner of D Studio.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.searcharoundweb.com/article/entertainment/kanne-kalaimaane-today-episode-promo-16913|title=கண்ணே கலைமானே சீரியல் டுடே எபிசோட், ப்ரோமோ மற்றும் முழு விவரங்கள் இங்கே..! |date= 6 June 2022 |website=www.searcharoundweb.com|language=ta}}</ref>

== Cast ==
=== Main ===
* Pavithra Gowda as Banumathi Ram
* [[Rashmi Prabhakar]] as Madhuri Raghuram
* Navin Vetri as Ram/Raghuram (2023)
** Nandha as Ram/Raghuram (2022-2023)
* Baby Samyuktha as Tamizh
* Sahasraa Kiran as Shalini

=== Supporting ===
* Devi Priya
* David Solomon Raja
* [[R. Aravindraj]]
* Premi Venkat / Usha Elizabeth Suraj as Vijaylakshmi
* Latha Rao
* Aadithyaa Manoj Kumar as Selva

== Production ==
=== Casting ===
Pavithra Gowda was selected for the female lead role of Banumathy in the series after her notable performances in the [[Colors Tamil]]'s series ''[[Amman (TV series)|Amman]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cinesamugam.com/do-you-know-who-kanne-kalaimane-serial-actress-banu-is--is-she-in-love-with-the-serial-actor-1667559978#google_vignette| title=கண்ணே கலைமானே சீரியல் நடிகை பானு யார் தெரியுமா?|date= |website=cinesamugam.com|language=ta}}</ref> Dance Master Nandha, a well-experienced actor who gained fame from his show ''[[Gokulathil Seethai (2019 TV series)|Gokulathil Seethai]]'', was chosen for the male lead role of Ram and Raghuram. But in end of October 2023, he quit the series,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/actor-nandha-announces-his-exit-from-tv-show-kanne-kalaimaane-navin-vetri-to-replace-him-as-ram/articleshow/103269198.cms| title=Actor Nandha announces his exit from TV show 'Kanne Kalaimaane'|date=1 September 2023 |website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiaherald.com/Politics/Read/994624120/Nanda-will-leave-the-Vijay-TV-serial-Kanne-Kalaimane| title=Nandha Will leave TV series 'Kanne Kalaimaane'|date=1 September 2023 |website=www.indiaherald.com|language=en}}</ref> and was replaced by Navin Vetri.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.asianetnews.com/gallery/gallery/actor-nandha-quit-kannea-kalaimane-serial-mma-s09jiu#image4| title=விஜய் டிவி ஒளிபரப்பாகும் 'கண்ணே கலைமானே' சீரியலில் இருந்து வெளியேறும் நந்தா! இனி அவருக்கு பதில் இவரா?|date=31 August 2023 |website=tamil.asianetnews.com|language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/television-actor-navin-vetri-joins-the-cast-of-kanne-kalaimaane/articleshow/103282100.cms| title=Television actor Navin Vetri joins the cast of 'Kanne Kalaimaane'|date=1 September 2023 |website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref> Kannada Actress [[Rashmi Prabhakar]] was selected for the other female lead role of Madhuri in the series after her notable performances in the Tamil series ''[[Arundhati (2016 TV series)|Arundhati]]'', Kannada series ''[[Lakshmi Baramma]]'' and Telugu series ''[[Pournami (TV series)|Pournami]]''. In April 2023, Premi Venkat was replaced by Usha Elizabeth Suraj.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/tamil-serial-actress-premi-venkat-announces-her-exit-from-tv-show-kanne-kalaimaane-actress-usha-elizabeth-to-play-vijaylakshmi/articleshow/99262624.cms| title=Tamil serial actress Premi Venkat announces her exit from TV show 'Kanne Kalaimaane'; actress Usha Elizabeth to play Vijaylakshmi?|date=5 April 2023 |website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref>

=== Release ===
The serial was released on 10 October 2022, replacing Paavam Ganesan's 1.30PM slot on [[Star Vijay]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.filmibeat.com/television/vijay-tv-s-paavam-ganesan-serial-going-to-end-soon/articlecontent-pf284978-098324.html| title=முடிவுக்கு வரும் விஜய் டிவியின் ஹிட் சீரியல்.. ஏன் என்னாச்சு.. ரசிகர்கள் ஆதங்கம்!|date=29 July 2022 |website=tamil.filmibeat.com|language=ta}}</ref> The first promo video was released on 20 September 2022, featuring "Kaalam Eluthum Kathai Idhu" revealing the story was sung by [[Vaikom Vijayalakshmi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.filmibeat.com/television/vijay-tv-s-new-serial-kanne-kalaimane-coming-soon/articlecontent-pf291134-099508.html|title=கமலின் பாடலில் வெளியாகும் விஜய் டிவியின் அடுத்த சீரியல்.. பார்க்க ரெடியா மக்களே!|date=24 August 2022 |website=tamil.filmibeat.com|language=ta}}</ref> The second promo was unveiled on 6 October 2022, revealing the release date.

== Airing history ==
The show started airing on 10 October 2022. From Monday 4 December 2023, the show was shifted to 16.00 ([[Indian Standard Time|IST]]), replacing ''[[Kizhakku Vaasal (TV series)|Kizhakku Vaasal]]'' in that time slot.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dinamani.com/cinema/cinema-news/2023/nov/29/the-time-of-the-eastern-gateway-series-has-changed-4113820.html|title=கிழக்கு வாசல் தொடரின் நேரம் மாற்றம்|date= 29 November 2023 |website=www.dinamani.com|language=ta}}</ref> However, The series was ended with after one week telecast.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.oneindia.com/television/vijay-tv-eramana-rojave-serial-and-kanne-kalaimane-serial-ending-soon-560165.html| title=விஜய் டிவியில் அடுத்தடுத்து முடிவுக்கு வரும் இரண்டு சீரியல்கள்..தொடங்கிய வேகத்திலேயே முடிவு..காரணம்?|date=25 November 2023 |website=tamil.oneindia.com|language=ta}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/kanne-kalaimaane/1260118582 ''Kanne Kalaimaane''] at [[Disney+ Hotstar]]

{{STAR Vijay TV shows}}

[[Category:Star Vijay original programming]]
[[Category:2022 Tamil-language television series debuts]]
[[Category:Tamil-language melodrama television series]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]
[[Category:Tamil-language romance television series]]
[[Category:2023 Tamil-language television series endings]]

Bareja (village)

2025-08-24T00:00:27Z

Marinazhg: creating a place v1

{{more citations needed|date=August 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bareja
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Ahmedabad#India Gujarat#India3
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| coordinates = {{coord|22|51|N|72|35|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Gujarat]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Ahmedabad]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|Taluka]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Daskroi]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Nagar Palika]]
| governing_body = [[Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Hindi language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 382425
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 91-2718
| registration_plate = GJ-01-XX-XXXX (Former), GJ-27-XX-XXXX(Current)
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Ahmedabad]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = Civic agency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation]]
| website = {{URL|gujaratindia.com}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Bareja''' is a village in the [[Daskroi taluka]], [[Ahmedabad District]] located about 20 km from [[Ahmedabad]], India.

==History==
[[Gandhi]] stopped in Bareja during the [[Salt March]], which began in the nearby Ahmedabad suburb of [[Sabarmati Ashram]]. It was his second stop on the march, and he gave a short speech before continuing on towards [[Dandi, Navsari|Dandi]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wolpert|first=Stanley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KpBy6BCupe4C&q=Bareja&pg=PA273|title=Gandhi's Passion: The Life and Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi|date=2002-11-28|publisher=Oxford University Press, USA|isbn=978-0-19-515634-8|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Civil Disobedience : Complete Information about Dandi March|url=https://www.mkgandhi.org/civil_dis/speech5.htm|access-date=2021-01-06|website=www.mkgandhi.org}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Ahmedabad district]]

{{Ahmedabad-geo-stub}}

Christopher M. Goff

2025-07-09T22:00:43Z

Marinazhg: minor enhance section per standard format and cleaned formatting

{{Short description|American judge (born 1972)}}
{{Infobox judge
| name = Christopher Goff
| office = Associate Justice of the [[Indiana Supreme Court]]
| appointer = [[Eric Holcomb]]
| term_start = July 24, 2017
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Robert D. Rucker]]
| successor =
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1972}}
| birth_place = [[Wabash County, Indiana]], U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse = Raquel
| children = 4
| education = [[Ball State University]] [[Indiana University, Bloomington]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])
| image = Justice Christopher M. Goff.jpg
}}
'''Christopher M. Goff''' (born 1972) is an American lawyer who has served a justice of the [[Indiana Supreme Court]] since 2017.

==Biography==

Goff was born in 1972 and raised in [[Wabash, Indiana]].<ref name="CIC">{{Cite web |url=http://www.in.gov/gov/files/Biography_SC_appointment_Hon_Goff.pdf |title=Hon. Christopher M. Goff |website=www.in.gov |access-date=January 15, 2017 |archive-date=June 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614145914/http://www.in.gov/gov/files/Biography_SC_appointment_Hon_Goff.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> He received his undergraduate degree from [[Ball State University]] in 1994 and his [[Juris Doctor]] from [[Indiana University Maurer School of Law]] in 1996. Upon graduation from law school he was a partner at Mills, Northrop & Goff in [[Huntington, Indiana]].<ref name="OfficialBio">{{Cite web |url=http://www.in.gov/judiciary/citc/3955.htm |title=Hon. Christopher M. Goff |website=www.in.gov |access-date=January 15, 2018 |archive-date=January 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116081738/http://www.in.gov/judiciary/citc/3955.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Judicial career ==
===Superior court service===
Goff served as a judge on the [[Wabash County, Indiana|Wabash County]] [[Courts of Indiana|Superior Court]] from 2005 until his appointment to the Supreme Court.<ref name="CIC" /> During his tenure on the superior court he established the Wabash County Drug Court and the Wabash County Family Drug Treatment Court.<ref name="OfficialBio" />

===Supreme Court of Indiana===
Goff was one of three candidates for a seat on the Supreme Court of Indiana, after the retirement of [[Robert D. Rucker]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2017/04/19/boone-county-judge-among-3-indiana-supreme-court-nominees/100675494/ |title=Boone County judge among 3 Indiana Supreme Court nominees |last=Hays |first=Holly |date=April 19, 2017 |access-date=January 15, 2018 |archive-date=November 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103093509/https://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2017/04/19/boone-county-judge-among-3-indiana-supreme-court-nominees/100675494/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On June 12, 2017, Governor [[Eric Holcomb]] selected him to be the next appointment to the Supreme Court.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wbiw.com/state/archive/2017/06/gov-holcomb-selects-christopher-goff-to-join-indiana-supreme-court.php |title=Gov. Holcomb Selects Christopher Goff To Join Indiana Supreme Court |date=June 13, 2017 |access-date=January 15, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170612233543/http://www.wbiw.com/state/archive/2017/06/gov-holcomb-selects-christopher-goff-to-join-indiana-supreme-court.php |archive-date=June 12, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He was officially sworn in on July 24, 2017.<ref name="OfficialBio" />

==Personal life==
Goff and his wife, Raquel, have four children.<ref name="CIC" />

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-legal}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Robert D. Rucker]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Associate Justice of the [[Indiana Supreme Court]]|years=2017–present}}
{{s-inc}}
{{s-end}}

{{Current Indiana statewide political officials}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Goff, Christopher M.}}
[[Category:1972 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century American lawyers]]
[[Category:21st-century American judges]]
[[Category:Ball State University alumni]]
[[Category:Indiana lawyers]]
[[Category:Justices of the Indiana Supreme Court]]
[[Category:Indiana University Maurer School of Law alumni]]
[[Category:People from Wabash County, Indiana]]
[[Category:Superior court judges in the United States]]