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Vembakottai

2026-05-04T07:53:45Z

Maleeha: stub.

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Vembakottai
|native_name =
|native_name_lang = ta
|other_name =
|settlement_type = [[Neighbourhood]]
|pushpin_map = Tamil Nadu
|pushpin_map_caption = Vembakottai, [[Virudhunagar district|Virudhunagar]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
|coordinates = {{coord|9.3343|N|77.7688|E|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type = [[Country]]
|subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[States and Territories of India|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[File: TamilNadu Logo.svg|23x16px|border|alt=Tamil Nadu]] [[Tamil Nadu]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Virudhunagar district|Virudhunagar]]
|established_title = <! -- Established -->
|unit_pref = Metric
|elevation_m = 101.9
|elevation_ft =
|demographics_type1 = [[Language]]s
|demographics1_title1 = Official
|demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[English language|English]]
|demographics1_title2 = Speech
|demographics1_info2 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[English language|English]]
|timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|utc_offset1 = +5:30
|postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
|postal_code = 626131<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vembakottai Pin Code - 626131, All Post Office Areas PIN Codes, Search virudhunagar Post Office Address |url=https://news.abplive.com/pincode/tamil-nadu/virudhunagar/vembakottai-pincode-626131.html |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en}}</ref>
|area_code_type = [[Telephone|Telephone code]]
|area_code = +914562******
|blank1_name_sec1 = [[Neighbourhood|Other Neighbourhoods]]
|blank1_info_sec1 = Vijayakarisalkulam, Thlukkankurichi
|blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha|LS]]
|blank2_info_sec1 = [[Virudhunagar Lok Sabha constituency|Virudhunagar]]
|blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha|VS]]
|blank3_info_sec1 = [[Sattur Assembly constituency|Sattur]]
}}

'''Vembakottai''' is a neighbourhood in [[Virudhunagar district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]] state in [[India]]. Vembakottai is of great importance that [[archaeological excavation]] was carried out three times where thousands of artefacts were unearthed there which indicated that people had lived along the banks of [[Vaippar River|Vaippar river]], 2000 years ago.<ref>{{Cite web |author=The Hindu Bureau |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/archaeological-excavation-in-virudhunagars-vembakottai-ground-work-for-third-phase-begins/article68227948.ece/amp/ |title=Archaeological excavation in Virudhunagar’s Vembakottai: Ground work for third phase begins |date=2024-05-29 |website=The Hindu |language=en-IN |access-date=2024-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-16 |title=‘Vembakottai expected to be most revealing archaeological site’ |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/vembakottai-expected-to-be-most-revealing-archaeological-site/article65231191.ece/amp/ |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=The Hindu |language=en-IN}}</ref>

Few carnelian beads that were unearthed from Vembakottai indicates its tade link with Afghanistan.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Harini M |date=2022-10-05 |title=Vembakottai excavation throws light on trade link with Afghanistan |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/amp/story/states/tamil-nadu/2022/Oct/20/vembakottai-excavation-throws-light-on-trade-link-with-afghanistan-2509941.html |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
== Location ==
Vembakottai is located with the [[Geographic coordinate system|coordinates]] of {{coord|9.3343|N|77.7688|E}} near [[Sattur]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=TNPSC Current Affairs |url=https://www.tnpscthervupettagam.com/currentaffairs-detail/vembakottai-archaeological-site |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=www.tnpscthervupettagam.com}}</ref>
== Demographics ==
As per [[2011 census of India]], Vembakottai had a population of 4,478 out of which 2,225 are males and 2253 are females.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vembakottai Village Population - Sivakasi - Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/641302-vembakottai-tamil-nadu.html |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref>

== Politics ==
Vembakottai area falls under the [[Sattur Assembly constituency]]. Also, this area belongs to [[Virudhunagar Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=VEMBAKOTTAI Village in VIRUDHUNAGAR |url=https://www.etamilnadu.org/vembakottai-village-10371.html |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=www.etamilnadu.org}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Virudhunagar district]]
[[Category:Geography of Virudhunagar district]]

National Highway 716B (India)

2026-05-04T07:36:44Z

Maleeha:

{{Short description|Road in India}}
'''Chittoor–Thatchur Expressway, newly numbered as NH716B,''' is a {{convert|117|km|mi|adj=on}} under-construction green field access controlled highway in India. The highway will be part of [[Bharatmala Pariyojana]] and will start at Keenatampalli near [[Chittoor]] and terminate at [[Thatchur]] near [[Ponneri]] [[Chennai]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2018/jul/27/coming-yet-another-greenfield-highway-from-chennai-to-chittoor-1849284.html|title=Coming, yet another greenfield highway from Chennai to Chittoor|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>

==Status updates==
* Feb 2019: Farmers in some villages are opposing land acquisition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/farmers-up-in-arms-against-thatchur-chittoor-expressway-project/articleshow/67983126.cms|title=Farmers up in arms against Thatchur-Chittoor expressway project | Chennai News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref>
* Aug 2020: The target date for completion of expressway is set as March 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/23-expressways-new-highways-coming-up-in-next-5-years/articleshow/77526921.cms|title=23 new expressways and highways coming up in next 5 years | India News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref>
* Mar 2024: Construction not yet commenced due to farmer protests

== See also ==
* [[Bangalore–Chennai Expressway]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chittoor-Thatchur Expressway}}
[[Category:Proposed expressways in India]]
[[Category:Roads in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:National highways in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Transport in Chittoor district]]

{{India-road-stub}}

List of bus routes in Chennai

2026-05-03T06:15:35Z

Maleeha: adding the article added tags.

{{Short description|none}}
[[File:MTC orange line bus.jpg|thumb|A typical ordinary fare service operated by the [[Metropolitan Transport Corporation (Chennai)|Metropolitan Transport Corporation]]]]

The [[Metropolitan Transport Corporation (Chennai)|Metropolitan Transport Corporation]] operates intracity public bus service in [[Chennai]], India. Established in 1973, it is a subsidiary of the [[Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation]], owned by the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]. {{As of|November 2025}}, it operated 3,233 scheduled services with a fleet of 3,488 buses and carried 3.385 million passengers on an average per day.<ref>{{cite web |title=Metropolitan Transport Corporation (Chennai) |url=https://mtcbus.tn.gov.in/Home/about |access-date=1 December 2025 |work=[[Metropolitan Transport Corporation (Chennai)|Metropolitan Transport Corporation]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.tnstc.in/innerHtmls/pdf/Tamil%20Nadu%20STUs-pages.pdf|title=Tamil Nadu State Tranpsort Units|publisher=[[Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation]]|access-date=1 November 2023}}</ref>

==Routes==
This is a list of bus routes operated by the Metropolitan Transport Corporation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mtcbus.tn.gov.in/Home/routewiseinfo|title=Route info|access-date=1 December 2025 |work=[[Metropolitan Transport Corporation (Chennai)|Metropolitan Transport Corporation]]}}</ref>

===Regular Routes===

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsable plainrowheaders"

|-

!Route
!Origin
!Destination
!Via
!Notes

|-

|1

|[[Thiruvottriyur]]

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Royapettah]], [[Mylapore]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]
| Bus Operated From Thiruvottriyur, Tondiarpet, Thiruvanmiyur & During Cut Service till Central
|-

|1C

|[[Ennore]]

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[Ernavoor]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Royapettah]], [[Mylapore]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]
|Bus Operated From Ennore & Thiruvanmiyur & During Cut Service till Broadway
|-

|1D

|[[Ennore]]

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Thalankuppam]], [[Ernavoor Kuppam]], [[Ondikuppam]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[High Court]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Royapettah]], [[Mylapore]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]
|Bus Operated From Ennore
|-

|2A

|[[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]

|[[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]]

|[[Triplicane]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Thirupalli]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]]
|Bus Operated From Madhavaram & Central
|-
| 2B
|[[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]]
||[[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]]
| [[Kodugaiyur|Sidco]], [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Park Town, Chennai|Park Town]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Triplicane]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Thirupalli]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]]
| Point To Point Bus & EV Low Floor Bus Operated From Vysarpadi
|-
|3

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy Race Course]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]]
| Bus Operated From T.Nagar, Adyar, Thiruvanmiyur & Cut Service: Guindy Race Cource, Velachery, Tidel Park
|-

|4

|[[Ennore]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Thalankuppam]], [[Ernavoor Kuppam]], [[Ondikuppam]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]]
|Bus Operated From Ennore & Tondiarpet
|-
|4M

|[[Minjur]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Nandiambakkam]], [[Athipattu Pudhu Nagar]], [[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Thalankuppam]], [[Ernavoor Kuppam]], [[Ondikuppam]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]]
|Bus Operated From Ennore
|-

|5B

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Mylapore]]

|[[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Mandaveli]]
| Bus Operated From T.Nagar & Mandaveli
|-

|5C

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Tharamani]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Royapettah]], [[Madras Music Academy|Music Academy]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Adyar Gate]], [[Kotturpuram]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Tidel Park]]
|Bus Operated From Central & Adyar
|-

|5E

|[[Besant Nagar]]

|[[Vadapalani]]

|[[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[Mettupalayam, Chennai|Mettupalayam]], [[West Saidapet]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Kalaignar Nagar]], [[Nesappakam]], [[Amudam]]
|Bus Operated From Vadapalani & Adyar
|-

|5G

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Kannagi Nagar S.C.B]]

|[[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]]
| Bus Operated from Kannagi Nagar

|-

|5S

|[[Saidapet]]

|[[Kannagi Nagar S.C.B]]

|[[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]]
| Bus Operated from Saidapet

|-

|6

|[[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]]

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Besant Nagar]], [[Indira Nagar, Chennai|Indira Nagar]]
| Bus Operated From Central & Thiruvanmiyur. Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations
|-

|6D

|[[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]]

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[Tondiarpet]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Besant Nagar]], [[Indira Nagar, Chennai|Indira Nagar]]
|Bus Operated From Tondiarpet & Thiruvanmiyur
|-

|7E

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Chintamani, Chennai|Chinthamani]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Vaavin]]
| Bus Operated From Ambathur & Anna Nagar West
|-

|7F

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Anna Nagar West]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Chintamani, Chennai|Chinthamani]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]
|Bus Operated From Anna Nagar West
|-

|7H

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[J.J Nagar East]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Chintamani, Chennai|Chinthamani]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Collector Nagar]]
|Bus Operated From Anna Nagar West
|-

|7K

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Padi Kuppam]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Chintamani, Chennai|Chinthamani]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]
|Bus Operated From Anna Nagar West
|-

|7M

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[J.J Nagar West]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Chintamani, Chennai|Chinthamani]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Vaavin]]
|Bus Operated From Anna Nagar West
|-

|8B

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Thiru. Vi. Ka Nagar]]

|[[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Thambu Chetty]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]]
|Bus Operated From Aynavaram & Perambur
|-

|9M

|[[A.G.S Colony]]

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Guindy]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[C.I.T Nagar]]
| Bus Operated From Adambakkam
|-

|10A

|[[West Saidapet]]

|[[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]]

|[[Mettupalayam, Chennai|Mettupalayam]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Sterling Road]], [[D.P.I]], [[Egmore]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Royapuram]], [[Kasimedu]]
| Bus Operated From Kalaignar Nagar & Sometimes Departure from Broadway
|-

|10E

|[[Ekkattuthangal]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Mettupalayam, Chennai|Mettupalayam]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Sterling Road]], [[D.P.I]], [[Egmore]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
|Bus Operated From Kalaignar Nagar
|-

|11

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Pondy Bazaar]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
| Bus Operated From T.Nagar
|-

|11G

|[[Kalaignar Nagar]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Nesapakkam]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Mambalam]], [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
|Bus Operated From Kalaignar Nagar
|-

|11H

|[[Iyyappanthangal]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Porur]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Kalaignar Nagar]], [[Nesapakkam]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Mambalam]], [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Chepauk]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]
|Bus Operated From Iyyapanthangal
|-

|11M

|[[Iyyappanthangal]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Porur]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Kalaignar Nagar]], [[Nesapakkam]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Mambalam]], [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
| Bus Operated From Iyyapanthangal & Kalaignar Nagar
|-

|12B

|[[Foreshore Estate]]

|[[Salingramam]]

|[[Santhome]], [[Mylapore]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[Bharathi Nagar]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]]
|Bus Operated From Vadapalani
|-

|12G

|[[Kalaignar Nagar]]

|[[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]

|[[Nesapakkam]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Mambalam]], [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Our Lady of Light Church, Chennai|Luz]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Vivekananda House]], [[Marina Beach]]
|While going Kalaignar Nagar take via Ice House & Operated From Kalaignar Nagar
|-

|12M

|[[Iyyappanthangal]]

|[[Our Lady of Light Church, Chennai|Luz]]

|[[Porur]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Kalaignar Nagar]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Mambalam]], [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Mylapore]]
| Bus Operated From Iyyapanthangal & Mandaveli. Short terminated at Luz due to Metro works
|-

|12x

|[[Foreshore Estate]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Santhome]], [[Mylapore]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[Bharathi Nagar]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]]
| Bus Operated From Mandaveli & Vadapalani
|-

|13

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]]

|[[Vani Mahal]], [[Thousand Lights]], [[Gopalapuram, Chennai|Gopalapuram]], [[Royapettah]], [[Pycroft Road]], [[Triplicane]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]]
| Bus Operated From T.Nagar. Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations.
|-
|14A
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Kilpauk Garden]], [[N.S K Nagar]], [[Arumbakkam]]
| Bus Operated from Ayanavaram
|-

|14M

|[[N.G.O Colony]]

|[[Medavakkam Koot Road]]

|[[St. Thomas Mount]], [[Vanuvampet]], [[Kilkattalai]], [[Kovilambakkam]], [[Vellaikal]]
|Bus Operated from Adambakkam

|-

|15

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Arumbakkam]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[K.M.C]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
|Sometimes bus route known as 15B & Operated From Anna Nagar West
|-

|15F

|[[Vadapalani]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Virugambakkam]], [[Chinmaya Nagar]], [[Koyambedu Market]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[K.M.C]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
|Bus Operated from Central & Vadapalani

|-

|15G

|[[M.M.D.A Colony]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[N.S.K Nagar]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[K.M.C]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
| During EXTN Service till CMBT, Operated from Anna Nagar West
|-

|16J

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Poonamallee]]

|[[Chinmaya Nagar]], [[Virugambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|Bus Operated from Vadapalani

|-

|16K

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Kundrathur]]

|[[Chinmaya Nagar]], [[Virugambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Periyapanicherry]], [[Kolachery]]
| Bus Operated from Kundrathur

|-

|17D

|[[Kalaignar Nagar]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Nesapakkam]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Liberty]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Sterling Road]], [[D.P.I]], [[Egmore]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
| Bus Operated from Central & Kalaignar Nagar

|-

|17E

|[[Saligramam]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Vadapalani]], [[Liberty]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Sterling Road]], [[D.P.I]], [[Egmore]], [[Chintadripet]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
| Bus Operated from Vadapalani

|-

|17K

|[[Dasarathapuram]]

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Vadapalani]], [[Liberty]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Sterling Road]], [[D.P.I]], [[Egmore]], [[Chindathripet]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
| Bus Operated from Vadapalani

|-

| 18A
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
| Bus Operated from Kilambakkam, Tambaram, Alandur, Saidapet, Central & for EV Bus from Vysarpadi
|-

|18B

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Kotturpuram]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]]
| Bus Operated from Saidapet

|-

|18D

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Kilkattalai]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[N.G.O Colony]], [[St. Thomas Mount]], [[Vanuvampet]]
|Bus Operated from Adambakkam

|-

|18E

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Ramapuram, Chennai|Ramapuram]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]]
| Bus Operated from Alandur

|-

|18H

|[[Tambaram]]

|[[Naduveerapattu]]

|[[Kannadapalayam]], [[Pazhanthandalam]], [[Poonthandalam]], [[Nallur, Thiruvallur|Nallur]], [[Somangalam]]
| Bus Operated from Tambaram
|-

|18K

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[West Saidapet]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Mettupalayam, Chennai|Mettupalayam]]
| Bus Operated from Central & Kalaignar Nagar

|-

|18L

|[[Tambaram]]

|[[Neelamangalam]]

|[[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Madambakkam]], [[Kuthanur]]
| Bus Operated from Tambaram
|-

|18N

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Kilkattalai]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Pazhavanthangal]], [[Nanganallur]]
| Bus Operated from Alandur

|-

|18P

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Kilkattalai]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[N.G.O Colony]], [[Adambakkam]], [[Puzhuthivakkam]], [[Vanuvampet]]
| Bus Operated from Saidapet

|-

|18R

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Nanganallur]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Pazhavanthangal]]
| Bus Operated from Alandur

|-

|18x

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Oonamancherry]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Nedungundram]], [[Kolapakkam]]
| Bus Operated from Tambaram

|-

|19

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Thiruporur]]

|[[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]]
| Bus Operated from T. Nagar, Adyar & (Electric & AC Bus) from Perumbakkam
|-

|19A

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Chemmanchery S.C.B]]

|[[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Nucleus Company]]
| Bus Operated from Chemmanchery

|-

|19B

|[[Saidapet]]

|[[Kelambakkam]]

|[[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]]
| Bus Operated from Saidapet
|-

|19C

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Okkiyam Thoraipakkam Sec. Colony]]

|[[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]]

|-

|19D

|[[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]

|[[Chemmanchery S.C.B]]

|[[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Nucleus Company]]

|-

|19G (CT)

|[[West Saidapet]]

|[[Kovalam]]

|[[Mettupalayam, Chennai|Mettupalayam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Neelankarai]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Kanathur (Chennai)|Kanathur]], [[Muttukadu]]
| Actual Cut Service in Regular Routes, Operated from Kalaignar Nagar
|-

|19P

|[[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]

|[[Kelambakkam]]

|[[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Thalambur]], [[Pudupakkam]]

|-

|19T

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Kovalam]]

|[[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Neelankarai]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Kanathur (Chennai)|Kanathur]], [[Muttukadu]]

|-

|19V

|[[Sholinganallur]]

|[[Vandaloor Zoo]]

|[[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery I.T Park]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Kolapakkam]]

|-

|20

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[I.C.F]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]]
|The bus towards [[Villivakkam]] bus terminus is shifted to ICF due to metro rail construction.
|-

|20A

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[J.J Nagar East]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[Korattur]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[J.J Nagar West]]

|-

| 20D
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Sidco Nagar]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]]
|-
| 20P
| [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[Dunlop, Chennai|Dunlop]], [[Athipet I.C.F Colony]], [[Athipet Junction]], [[Ayanambakkam]], [[Vanagaram]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-
| 21
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Mandaveli|Mandaveli MRTS]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Royapettah]], [[Mylapore]]
|The bus towards [[Mandaveli]] bus terminus is shifted to Mandaveli MRTS due to metro rail construction.
|-
| 21C
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Kannagi Nagar S.C.B]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Royapettah]], [[Mylapore]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Perungudi]]
|-
|21E
|[[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]]
|[[Ramapuram, Chennai|Ramapuram]]
|[[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Chepauk]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[MRC Nagar]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adayar]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations.
|-
| 21G
| [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]]
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Mylapore]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Adyar Gate]], [[Kotturpuram]], [[Anna University]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations.
|-
| 21L
| [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]]
| [[Madipakkam, Chennai|Madipakkam]]
| [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]],[[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery Vijayanagar]], [[Velachery Railway Station]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations.
|-
| 22
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Korattur]]
| [[Triplicane]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]]
|-
| 23C
| [[Besant Nagar]]
| [[Ayanavaram]]
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Teynampet]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]]
|-
| 23V
| [[Velachery]]
| [[I.C.F]]
| [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Teynampet]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]]
|The bus towards [[Villivakkam]] bus terminus is halted until ICF due to metro rail construction.
|-
| 24A
| [[Vivekananda House]]
| [[Korattur]]
| [[Royapettah]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Chetpet]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Shenoy Nagar]], [[Chintamani, Chennai|Chinthamani]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Padi, Chennai|Lucas]]
|-
| 25
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[Marina Beach]], [[Vivekananda House]], [[Royapettah]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Palmgrove]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-
| 26
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Iyyappanthangal]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Palmgrove]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]]
|-
| 26B
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Mangadu]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Palmgrove]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Pattur]]
|-
| 26M
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Mugalivakkam]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Palmgrove]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]]
|-
| 26R
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Mugalivakkam]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Palmgrove]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Virugambakkam]], [[Kalaignar Nagar West]], [[Rayala Nagar]], [[D.L.F]]
|-
| 27B
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Triplicane]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chindathiripet]], [[Egmore]], [[Chetpet]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[N.S.K Nagar]], [[Arumbakkam]]
|-
| 27D
| [[Foreshore Estate]]
| [[I.C.F]]
| [[Santhome]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Stella Marry College]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]]
|The bus towards [[Villivakkam]] bus terminus is halted until ICF due to metro rail construction.
|-
| 28
| [[Thiruvottriyur]]
| [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]]
| [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Thirupalli]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chindathiripet]]
|-
| 28A
| [[Manali New Town]]
| [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]]
| [[Elanthur]], [[Sathangadu]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Thirupalli]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chindathiripet]]
|-
| 28B
| [[Ennore]]
| [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]]
| [[Ernavoor]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Thirupalli]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chindathiripet]]
|-
| 28C
| [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]],
| [[Quaid-E-Millath Arts College]]
| [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Thirupalli]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]]
|-
| 29A
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Perambur]]
| [[Triplicane]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]]
|-
| 29B
| [[Saidapet]]
| [[Perambur]]
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[D.M.S]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Chetpet]], [[K.M.C]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]]
|-
| 29C
| [[Besant Nagar]]
| [[Perambur]]
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Mylapore]], [[Stella Mary College]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Chetpet]], [[K.M.C]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]]

|-
| 29D
| [[Vivekananda House]]
| [[Mathur M.M.D.A]]
| [[Ratna Cafe]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram Milk Colony]]
|-
| 29E
| [[Thiruverkadu]]
| [[Perambur]]
| [[Gurumedai]], [[Perumal Nagar Junction]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Kellys]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]]
|-
| 29N
| [[Velachery]]
| [[Peruvallur Kumaran Nagar]]
| [[Check Post]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[D.M.S]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Chetpet]], [[K.M.C]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Pattalam, Chennai|Pattalam]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]]
|-
| 31A
| [[Tambaram West]]
| [[Agaramthen]]
| Tambaram East, [[Selaiyur]], [[Balaji Nagar]], [[Siruvapuri]], [[Madha Kovil]]
|-
| 31B
| [[Tambaram West]]
| [[Kandigai]]
| Tambaram East, [[Selaiyur]], [[Balaji Nagar]], [[Siruvapuri]], [[Madha Kovil]], [[Sathya Nagar]]
|-
| 31G
| [[Tambaram West]]
| [[Medavakkam Koot Road]]
| Tambaram East, [[Selaiyur]], [[Mahalakshmi Nagar]], [[Madambakkam Koil]], [[Noothanchery]], [[Vengaivasal]]
|-
| 31M
| [[Tambaram West]]
| [[Madurapakkam]]
| Tambaram East, [[Selaiyur]], [[Balaji Nagar]], [[Siruvapuri]], [[Madha Kovil]], [[Agaramthen]], [[Kovilamcherry]]
|-
| 31P
| [[Tambaram West]]
| [[Ponmar]]
| Tambaram East, [[Selaiyur]], [[Balaji Nagar]], [[Siruvapuri]], [[Madha Kovil]], [[Agaramthen]], [[Kovilamcherry]], [[Madurapakkam]]
|-
| 32A
| [[Foreshore Estate]]
| [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]],
| [[Santhome]], [[Dr. Ambedkar Bridge]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Vivekananda House]], [[Ratna Cafe]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]], [[Mannady]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Tondiarpet]]
|-
| 32B
| [[Vivekananda House]]
| [[Korukkupet]]
| [[Ratna Cafe]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]], [[Mannady]], [[Vallalar Nagar]]
|-
| 33B
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]]
| [[Mannady]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]]
|-
| 33C
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]]
| [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Thambu Chetty]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Sathyamoorthi Nagar]], [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]]
|-
| 33L
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Kodungaiyur Parvathi Nagar]]
| [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Thambu Chetty]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]], [[Karikadai]]
|-
| 34
| [[Thiruvottriyur]]
| [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]
| [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Chintamani, Chennai|Chinthamani]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Vaavin]]
|-
| 35
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Korattur]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]]
|-
| 35C
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Korattur]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]]
|-
| 36K
| [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]],
| [[Sengundram|Redhills]]
| [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Sathangadu]], [[M.F.L]], [[Elanthanur]], [[Kanniamman Pettai]], [[Kannampalayam]], [[Kalamedu]], [[Vadakarai]]
|-
| 36M
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Vichoor]]
| [[Tondiarpet]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Sathangadu]], [[Elanthur]]
|-
| 36
| [[Thiruvottriyur]]
| [[Sengundram|Redhills]]
| [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Jothi Nagar]], [[M.F.L]], [[Manali Market]], [[Mathur Gate]], [[Chettipedu]], [[Vinayagapuram]], [[Vadakarai]]
|-
| 37
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[Basin Bridge]], [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Chetpet]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-
| 37E
| [[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]]
| [[Iyyappanthangal]]
| [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]], [[Kannigapuram]], [[Pattalam, Chennai|Pattalam]], [[Doveton]], [[Vepery]], [[Egmore]], [[D.P.I]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]]
|-
| 37G
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Iyyappanthangal]]
| [[Basin Bridge]], [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Chetpet]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]]
|-
| 38A
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Manali, Chennai|Manali]]
| [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Thambu Chetty]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Erukancherry]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram Milk Colony]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]]
|-
| 38C
| [[Vivekananda House]]
| [[Thiru. Vi. Ka Nagar]]
| [[Ratna Cafe]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]]
|-
| 38D
| [[Thiruvottriyur]]
| [[Kodungaiyur Parvathi Nagar]]
| [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]], [[Karikadai]]
|-
| 38G
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Vazhuthalambedu]]
| [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Thambu Chetty]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Erukancherry]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Vathiyar Thottam]], [[Chettimedu]], [[Arumandai Road Junction]]
|-
| 38H
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]]
| [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Thambu Chetty]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Erukancherry]], [[Moolakadai]]
|-
| 40A
| [[Pattabiram]]
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Avadi]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Roundana]], [[Shenoy Nagar]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[K.M.C]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Egmore]], [[Pudupet]], [[Triplicane]]
| Sometimes Depart from Avadi
|-
| 40H
| [[Pattabiram]]
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Avadi]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Roundana]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Sterling Road]], [[D.P.I]], [[Ethiraj College]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Triplicane]]
| Sometimes Depart from Avadi
|-
| 40J
| [[J.J Nagar West]]
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Roundana]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Sterling Road]], [[D.P.I]], [[Ethiraj College]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Triplicane]]
|-
| 40N
| [[J.J Nagar East]]
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Roundana]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Sterling Road]], [[D.P.I]], [[Ethiraj College]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Triplicane]]
|-
| 41D
| [[Mandaveli|Mandaveli MRTS]]
| [[Ambathur O.T]]
| [[Adyar Gate]], [[Alwarpet]], [[D.M.S]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Chetpet]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Shenoy Nagar]], [[Chintamani, Chennai|Chinthamani]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]]
|The bus towards [[Mandaveli]] bus terminus is halted until Mandaveli MRTS due to metro rail construction.
|-
| 42
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Periyar Nagar]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Aragadam]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Vysarpadi Jeeva]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]]
|-
| 42B
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Poompuhar Nagar]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]]
|-
| 42C
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Teachers Colony]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Aragadam]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Vysarpadi Jeeva]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]], [[Vinayagapuram]]
|-
| 42D
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Srinivasa Nagar]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Aragadam]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Vysarpadi Jeeva]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]]
|-
| 42M
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T)
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Aragadam]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Vysarpadi Jeeva]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]]
|-
| 44
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Manali, Chennai|Manali]]
| [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Thambu Chetty]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[I.O.C]], [[Sathangadu]], [[M.F.L]], [[Manali Market]]
|-
| 44C
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Manali, Chennai|Manali]]
| [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Thamb Chetty]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Ambedkar Nagar]], [[Korukkupet]], [[I.O.C]], [[Sathangadu]], [[M.F.L]], [[Manali Market]]
|-
| 45A
| [[Vivekananda House]]
| [[Madipakkam, Chennai|Madipakkam]]
| [[Royapettah]], [[Madras Music Academy|Music Academy]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Adyar Gate]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Kaiveli]], [[Ponniamman Kovil]]
|-
| 45B
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Guindy I.E]]
| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Triplicane]], [[Ratna Cafe]], [[Vivekananda House]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Our Lady of Light Church, Chennai|Luz]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]]
| Sometimes Depart from Anna Square
|-
| 46
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Thiru. Vi. Ka Nagar]]
| [[Arumbakkam]], [[N.S.K Nagar]], [[Roundana]], [[I.C.F]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]]
|-
| 46G
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[M.K.B Nagar]]
| [[Arumbakkam]], [[N.S.K Nagar]], [[Roundana]], [[I.C.F]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[Otteri]], [[Pattalam, Chennai|Pattalam]], [[Kannigapuram]], [[Vyasarpadi Market]]
|-
| 47
| [[Besant Nagar]]
| [[I.C.F]]
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Pushpa Nagar]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Roundana]]
|The bus towards [[Villivakkam]] bus terminus is halted until ICF due to metro rail construction.
|-
| 47A
| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]
| [[I.C.F]]
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Chetpet]], [[Kilpauk Garden]]
|-
| 47C
| [[Kotturpuram]]
| [[Ambathur O.T]]
| [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Mahalingapuram]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]]
|-
| 47D
| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]
| [[Avadi]]
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur O.T]]
|-
| 48A
| [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]]
| [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]
| [[Vathiyar Thottam]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Perambur]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Otteri]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]]
|-
| 48B
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Pudur, Ambattur|Pudur]]
| [[Basin Bridge]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Otteri]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Villivakkam]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ambathur O.T]]
|-
| 48C
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Basin Bridge]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Otteri]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Villivakkam]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]
|-
| 48K
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Kallikuppam]]
| [[Basin Bridge]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Otteri]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Villivakkam]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Pudur, Ambattur|Pudur]]
|-
| 48P
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Puthagaram]]
| [[Basin Bridge]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Otteri]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Villivakkam]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Pudur, Ambattur|Pudur]], [[Kallikuppam]], [[Surapedu]]
|-
| 49
| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]
| [[Iyyappanthangal]]
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]]
|-
| 49A
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Kumaran Chavadi]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Porur]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Kalaignar Nagar]], [[Nesapakkam]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Mambalam]]
|-
| 49F
| [[Foreshore Estate]]
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumaran Chavadi]]
|The bus towards [[Mandaveli]] bus terminus is shifted to Foreshore Estate due to metro rail construction.
|-
| 49K
| [[Mandaveli| Mandaveli MRTS]]
| [[Porur]]
| [[Adyar Gate]], [[Kotturpuram]], [[Anna University]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]]
|The bus towards [[Mandaveli]] bus terminus is shifted to Mandaveli MRTS due to metro rail construction.
|-
| 50
| [[Thiruverkadu]]
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Gurimedai]], [[Perumal Nagar Junction]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[K.M.C]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
|-
| 50M
| [[Thiruverkadu]]
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Mandhiravedu]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[K.M.C]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
|-
| 51
| [[Velachery]]
| [[Tambaram West]]
| [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East
|-
| 51A
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| Tambaram East
| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy Race Course]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]]
|-
| 51B
| [[Saidapet]]
| [[Karanai]]
| [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Chithalapakkam]], [[Arasankazhani]], [[Ottiyambakkam]]
|-
| 51D
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Tambaram West]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Vengaivasal]], [[Noothanchery]], [[Madambakkam]], [[Balaji Nagar]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East
|-
| 51F
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Tambaram West]]
| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy Race Course]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East
|-
| 51J
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Mambakkam Koot Road]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Chithalapakkam]], [[Ponmar]]
|-
| 51M
| [[Madipakkam, Chennai|Madipakkam]]
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Vanuvampet]], [[St.Thomas Mount]], [[Maduvankarai]], [[Guindy]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]]
|-
| 51T
| [[Madurapakkam]]
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Kovilanchery]], [[Balaji Nagar]], [[Selaiyur]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Palikaranai]], [[Velachery]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]]
|-
| 52
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Pozhichalur]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]]
|-
| 52B
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Hasthinapuram]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Kumaran Kundram]]
|-
| 52C
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Hasthinapuram]]
| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Kumaran Kundram]]
|-
| 52G
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Cowl Bazaar]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Stephen Church]]
|-
| 52H
| [[Pozhichalur]]
| [[Hasthinapuram]]
| [[Pammal]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Kumaran Kundram]]
|-
| 52K
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Nanganallur]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[N.G.O Colony]], [[St. Thomas Mount]], [[Vanuvampet]]
|-
| 53
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
| Sometimes Cut Service known as 101
|-
| 53E
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Kundrathur]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Mangadu]], [[Kozhumanivakkam]], [[Kolachery]]
|-
| 53G
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[Padurmedu]]
| [[Varadaraja Puram]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irulapalayam]]
|-
| 53P
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Pattur]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Mangadu]]
|-
| 53S
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Pattabiram]]
| [[Koyambedu Market]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Thiruverkadu]], [[Mettupalayam, Chennai|Mettupalayam]], [[Ayalchery]], [[Anaicutche]], [[Thandarai]]
|-
| 54
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-
| 54B
| [[Saidapet]]
| [[Porur]]
| [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Manapakkam]], [[Swami Nagar]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Moulivakkam]]
|-
| 54C
| [[Pattabiram]]
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[Thandurai]], [[Amudurvedu]], [[Sitharkudu]], [[Vayalanallur]], [[Kolappanchery]]
|-
| 54E
| [[Saidapet]]
| [[Meppur]]
| [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Agaram Mel]]
|-
|54G
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Kuthambakkam]]
|M.G.R Central, P.OR.R Sons, L.I.C, D.M.S, Teynampet, Nandanam, Saidapet, Little Mount, Guindy, Kathipara, Nandambakkam, Porur, Iyyappanthangal, Kumanan Chavadi, Poonamallee, Varadharaja Puram, Thirumazhisai, Vellavedu
|-
|54K
|[[Saidapet]]
|[[Nemam]]
|Little Mount, Guindy, Kathipara, Nandambakkam, Porur, Iyyappanthangal, Kumanan Chavadi, Poonamallee, Varadharaja Puram, Thirumazhisai, Vellavedu
|-

|54L
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Vellavedu]]
|M.G.R Central, P.OR.R Sons, L.I.C, D.M.S, Teynampet, Nandanam, Saidapet, Little Mount, Guindy, Kathipara, Nandambakkam, Porur, Iyyappanthangal, Kumanan Chavadi, Poonamallee, Varadharaja Puram, Thirumazhisai
|-

|54P
|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
|[[Mangadu]]
|Saidapet, Little Mount, Guindy, Kathipara, Nandambakkam, Porur, Pattur
|-

|54R
|[[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]]
|[[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|Guindy, Kathipara, Nandambakkam, Porur, Iyyappanthangal
|-

|54S
|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
|[[Malayam Pakkam]]
|Saidapet, Little Mount, Guindy, Kathipara, Nandambakkam, Porur, Iyyappanthangal, Kumanan Chavadi, Poonamallee, Agaram Mel
|-

|54V
|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
|[[Veppampattu R.S]]
|Saidapet, Little Mount, Guindy, Kathipara, Nandambakkam, Porur, Iyyappanthangal, Kumanan Chavadi, Poonamallee, Varadharaja Puram, Thirumazhisai, Vellavedu, Nemam, Perumalpattu
|-

|55A
|[[Pallavaram]]
|[[Pazhanthandalam]]
|Lakshmipuram, Thiruneermalai, Thirumudivakkam
|-
|55B
|[[Tambaram West]]
|[[Pazhanthandalam]]
|Kannadapalayam, Kishkindha, Erumaiyur Erikarai, Kanniamman Kovil
|-
|55C
|[[Tambaram]]
|[[Venkatamangalam / Pungeri]]
|[[Perungalathur]], [[Sadanandapuram]], [[Nedugundram]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]]
|-

|55D
|[[Tambaram]]
|[[Keerapakam]]
|[[Perungalathur]], [[Sadanandapuram]], [[Nedugundram]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]]
|-

|55G
|[[Tambaram]]
|[[Vengambakkam]]
|[[Perungalathur]], [[Sadanandapuram]], [[Nedugundram]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]]
|-

|55K
|[[Guduvanchery]]
|[[Kumizhi]]
|[[Urapakkam]], [[Maylaima Nagar]], [[Kattur, Chennai|Kattur]], [[Arungal]], [[Keerapakkam]]
|-

|55M
|[[Tambaram]]
|[[Melakottaiyur - TNPESU]]
|[[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Melakottaiyur]]
|-

|55V
|[[Tambaram West]]
|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
|[[Tambaram Town Limit]], [[Amudham Nagar]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Mudichur]], [[Mannivakkam]], [[Vandaloor Gate]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
|-

|56
|[[Ennore]]
|[[Vallalar Nagar]]
|[[Ernavoor]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Maharani]]
|-

|56A
|[[Ennore]]
|[[Vallalar Nagar]]
|[[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Thazhankuppam]], [[Ernavoor Kuppam]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Maharani]]
|-

|56C
|[[Thiruvottriyur]]
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Kalmandapam]], [[Royapuram]], [[Thambu Chetty]], [[Mannady]]
|-

|56D
|[[Manali, Chennai|Manali]]
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Avurikollaimedu]], [[K.G.L]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]]
|-

|56F
|[[Ernavoor]]
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Mullai Nagar]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Maharani]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Mannady]]
|-

|56J
|[[Manali New Town]]
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Elathanur]], [[M.F.L]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]]
|-

|56K
|[[Manali, Chennai|Manali]]
|[[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]],
|[[Avurikollaimedu]], [[K.G.L]]
|-

|56P
|[[Minjur]]
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Nandiambakkam]], [[Vellivoyalchavadi]], [[Manali, Chennai|Manali]], [[M.F.L]], [[Sathangadu]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]]
|-

|56T
|[[Athipattu R.S]]
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Pattamandiri]], [[Kondakarai]], [[Andarkuppam]], [[Ernavoor]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]]
|-

|57
|[[Vallalar Nagar]]
|[[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|[[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]]
|-

|57A
|[[Vallalar Nagar]]
|[[Budur Health Care]]
|[[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Vijayanallur]], [[Angadu]]
|-

|57B
|[[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|[[Pothur]]
|[[Bammedukalam]], [[Gandhi Nagar West]], [[Irankuppam]]
|-

|57C
|[[Vallalar Nagar]]
|[[Arumandai]]
|[[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Kummanur]], [[Budur]]
|-

|57D
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Poochi Athipet]]
|[[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Rajakalam]], [[Edapalayam]], [[Alamathi]], [[Vanianchathiram]]
|-

|57E
|[[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|[[Vichoor]]
|[[Padianallur]], [[Vijayanallur]], [[Pothur]], [[Maranpedu]], [[Arumandai]]
|-

|57F
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Karanodai]]
|[[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]]
|-

|57G
|[[Moolakadai]]
|[[Vazhuthalambedu]]
|[[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Vijayanallur]], [[Pothur]], [[Maranpedu]], [[Arumandai]], [[Periamullaivoyal]]
|-

|57H
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[New Erumai Vetti Palayam]]
|[[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]]
|-

|57J
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Gnayaru]]
|[[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Sothupermudu]], [[Attaipalayam]], [[Kanniyampalayam]]
|-

|57M
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Alamathi]]
|[[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Gandhi Nagar, Chennai|Gandhi Nagar]], [[Rajakalam]], [[Edayapalayam]]
|-

|57x
|[[Vallalar Nagar]]
|[[Periyapalayam]]
|[[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Manjankaranai]], [[Erikarai]], [[Panapakkam]]
|-

|58V
|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
|[[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|[[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]], [[Vathiyar Thottam]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]], [[Omakulamedu]], [[Vinayagapuram]], [[Vadakarai]]
|-

|59
|[[Vallalar Nagar]]
|[[Thiruverkadu]]
|[[Basin Bridge]], [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Perumal Nagar Junction]], [[Gurumedai]]
|-
|60
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Anakaputhur]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]]
|-

|60A
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Kundrathur]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]]
|-

|60D
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Pammal Kamarajapuram]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]]
|-

|60E
|[[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]]
|[[Kundrathur]]
|[[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]]
|-

|60G
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Pozhichalur]]
|[[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]]
|-

|60H
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Shankar Nagar]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]]
|-

|61A
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Melappedu]]
|[[Kovilpadagai Road Junction]], [[Kalaignar Nagar]], [[Thangaya Gate]], [[Brindavan Nagar]], [[Mittanamalli]]
|-

|61C
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Ellaiamman Nagar]]
|[[Kovilpadagai Road Junction]], [[Kalaignar Nagar]], [[Thangaya Gate]], [[Brindavan Nagar]], [[Mittanamalli]], [[Ellaiamman Kovil]]
|-

|61E
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Kilkondaiyur]]
|[[Kovilpadagai Road Junction]], [[Moorai Anna Nagar]], [[Veerapuram]], [[Pandeshwaram]]
|-

|61K
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Kannaiamman Nagar]]
|[[Kovilpadagai Road Junction]], [[Moorai Anna Nagar]], [[Veerapuram]], [[T.S.P Camp]]
|-

|61R
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|[[Kovilpadagai]], [[Kandapalayam]], [[Kollumedu]], [[Arikamedu]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]], [[Irankuppam]], [[Bammedukulam]], [[Gandhi Nagar, Chennai|Gandhi Nagar]], [[Alamaram]]
|-

|62
|[[Poonamallee]]
|[[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|[[Karayanchavadi]], [[Kaaduveti]], [[Govaradhanagiri]], [[Avadi]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Raaki Theatre]], [[Pudhur]], [[Kallikupam]], [[Surapet]], [[Puzhal]], [[Kavangarai]]
|-

|62A
|[[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]
|[[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|[[Ambathur O.T]], [[Raaki Theatre]], [[Pudhur]], [[Kallikupam]], [[Surapet]], [[Puzhal]], [[Kavangarai]]
|-

|62B
|[[J.J Nagar West]]
|[[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|[[Ambathur]], [[Raaki Theatre]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Pothur]], [[Irankuppam]], [[Bammedukulam]]
|-

|62M
|[[Poonamallee]]
|[[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T)
|[[Karayanchavadi]], [[Kaaduveti]], [[Govaradhanagiri]], [[Avadi]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Raaki Theatre]], [[Pudhur]], [[Kallikupam]], [[Surapet]], [[Puzhal]]
|-

|63
|[[I.C.F]]
|[[Thiruverkadu]]
|[[Sidco Nagar]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ayyappa Nagar]], [[Konimedu Road Junction]]
|-

|64C
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Manali, Chennai|Manali]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Pattalam, Chennai|Pattalam]], [[Kannigapuram]], [[Erukkancherry]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram Milk Colony]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]]
|-

|64D
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Kosappur]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Pattalam, Chennai|Pattalam]], [[Kannigapuram]], [[Erukkancherry]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram Milk Colony]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]]
|-

|64K
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Pattalam, Chennai|Pattalam]], [[Kannigapuram]], [[Perambur Market]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Erukkancherry]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]]
|-

|64M
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
|[[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T)
|[[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Pattalam, Chennai|Pattalam]], [[Binny Mill]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Moolakkadai]]
|-

|65A
|[[Saidapet]]
|[[Muthapudupet]]
|[[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Karayaanchavadi]], [[Kaaduveti]], [[Govaradhanagiri]], [[Avadi]], [[Kovilpadagai Road Junction]], [[Thangaya Gate]]
|-

|65B
|[[Poonamallee]]
|[[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]
|[[Parivakkam]], [[Kaaduveti]], [[Govaradhanagiri]], [[Avadi]], [[Kovilpadagai Road Junction]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Raaki Theatre]], [[Ambathur O.T]]
|-

|65D
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Melakondaiyur]]
|[[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Annaikattuchery]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Melappedu]], [[Pakkam]], [[Puliur Kadaigai]], [[Puliyur, Chennai|Puliyur]]
|-

|65E
|[[Poonamallee]]
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Parivakkam]], [[Kaaduveti]], [[Govaradhanagiri]]
|-

|65G
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Meyyur]]
|[[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Annaikattuchery]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Melappedu]], [[Pakkam]], [[Kavanur]], [[Thamaraipakkam]], [[Vilappakkam]], [[Eraiyur]]
|-

|65H
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|[[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Annaikattuchery]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Melappedu]], [[Pakkam]], [[Kavanur]], [[Thamaraipakkam]], [[Anaikattur]], [[Poochi Athipet]], [[Alamathi]], [[Gandhi Nagar West]]
|-

|65K
|[[Poonamallee]]
|[[Avadi]]
|[[Karayanchavadi]], [[Kaaduveti]], [[Govaradhanagiri]]
|-

|66
|[[Tambaram]]
|[[Poonamallee]]
|[[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Chikkarayapuram]], [[Mangadu]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-

|66A
|[[Hasthinapuram]]
|[[Kundrathur]]
|[[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]]
|-

|66J
|[[Tambaram]]
|[[Poonamallee]]
|[[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Chikkarayapuram]], [[Mangadu]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-

|66K
|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
|[[Kundrathur]]
|[[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]]
|-

|66P
|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
|[[Poonamallee]]
|[[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Chikkarayapuram]], [[Mangadu]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-
|66Px
|[[Guduvanchery]]
|[[Poonamallee]]
|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Chikkarayapuram]], [[Mangadu]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-

|70

|[[Avadi]]

|[[Tambaram]]

|[[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]]

|-

|70A

|[[Avadi]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|70C

|[[Koyambedu Market]]

|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)

|[[Chinmaya Nagar]], [[Virugambakkam]], [[K.K Nagar West]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandalur Zoo]]

|-

|70G

|[[Vadapalani]]

|[[Guduvanchery]]

|[[Kalaignar Nagar]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)

|-

|70H

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Hasthinapuram]]

|[[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]]

|-

|70J

|[[J.J Nagar West]]

|[[Tambaram]]

|[[J.J Nagar East]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]]

|-

|70K

|[[Avadi]]

|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)

|[[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]

|-

|70M

|[[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T)

|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)

|[[Retteri]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandalur Zoo]]

|-

|70N

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Nanganallur]]

|[[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Vanuvampet]]

|-

|70V

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)

|[[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]

|-

|71D

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Pudur, Ambattur|Pudur]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Kilpauk Garden]], [[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Oragadam (Ambattur)]]

|-

|71E

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Pattabiram]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Kilpauk Garden]], [[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Avadi]], [[Kavarapalayam]]

|-

|71H

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Kamaraj Nagar]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Kilpauk Garden]], [[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Avadi]]

|-

|71V

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Veppampattur Eswaran Nagar]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Kilpauk Garden]], [[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Avadi]], [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Annaikattuchery]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]]

|-

|72

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Thiruverkadu]]

|[[Bharathi Nagar]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Perumal Nagar Junction]], [[Gurumedai]]

|-

|72M

|[[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

|[[Thiruverkadu]]

|[[Bharathi Nagar]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Mandhiravedu]]

|-

|73

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Avadi]]

|[[Maduravoyal]], [[Vanagaram]], [[Athipet]], [[Athipet I.C.F Colony]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]]

|-

|73A

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Avadi]]

|[[Maduravoyal]], [[Vanagaram]], [[Athipet]], [[Athipet I.C.F Colony]], [[Annanur]], Murugappa Polytechnic

|-

|73C

|[[Ayampakkam]]

|[[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]

|[[Dunlop, Chennai|Dunlop]]

|-

|76

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Medavakkam Koot Road]]

|[[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Vanuvampet]], [[Kilkattalai]], [[Kovilambakkam]], [[Vellaikal]]

|-

|76B

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Ottiyambakkam]]

|[[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Vanuvampet]], [[Kilkattalai]], [[Kovilambakkam]], [[Vellaikal]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Chithalakappam]]

|-

|76V

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Siruchery I.T Park]]

|[[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Vanuvampet]], [[Puzhuthivakkam]], [[Velachery M.R.T.S]], [[Kamatchi Hospital]], [[Thoraipakkam]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Navalur]]

|-

|77

|[[Avadi]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|77A

|[[Ayampakkam TNHB]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Dunlop, Chennai|Dunlop]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|77B

|[[Oragadam (Ambattur)]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|77E

|[[Kannaiamman Nagar]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Veerapuram]], [[T.S.P Camp]], [[Moorai Anna Nagar]], [[Kovilpadagai Road Junction]], [[Avadi]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|77K

|[[Karukku]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Menambedu]], [[Alamaram]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|77M

|[[Madanakuppam]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Kalikuppam]], [[Pudur, Ambattur|Pudur]], [[Oragadam (Ambattur)]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|77P

|[[Poochi Athipet]]

|[[Koyambedu Market]]

|[[Veerapuram Road Junction]], [[Kovilpadagai Road Junction]], [[Avadi]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|77T

|[[Thirumullaivoyal Colony]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Devik Eswari Nagar]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|77V

|[[Veppampattu Eswaran Nagar]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Thiruninravur]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Amudurmedu]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Avadi]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]

|-

|78

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

|[[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Guindy]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]]

|-

|79A

|[[Tambaram West]]

|[[Navalur S.C.B]]

|[[Tambaram Town Limit]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Mudichur]], [[Mannivakkam]], [[Padappai]], [[Nariyambakkam]]

|-

|79V

|[[Tambaram Sanatorium]]

|[[Vembakkam]]

|[[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Potheri]], [[Kattankulathur]], [[Singaperumal Kovil]]

|-

|88C

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Thandalam Village]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]]

|-

|88D

|[[West Saidapet]]

|[[Kundrathur]]

|[[Mettupalayam, Chennai|Mettupalayam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]]

|-

|88K

|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

|[[Kundrathur]]

|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]]

|-

|88L

|[[Vadapalani]]

|[[Periya Colony]]

|[[Virugambakkam]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Nandambakkam]]

|-

|88M

|[[Vadapalani]]

|[[Somangalam]]

|[[Virugambakkam]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Nallur, Thiruvallur|Nallur]]

|-

|88R

|[[Saidapet]]

|[[Amarambedu]]

|[[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Nallur, Thiruvallur|Nallur]]

|-

|89T

|[[Kundrathur]]

|[[Tambaram West]]

|[[Nandambakkam]], [[Nallur, Thiruvallur|Nallur]], [[Somangalam]], [[Anjugam Nagar]], [[Kannadapalayam]], [[Tambaram R.T.O]]

|-

|91

|[[Kilambakkam]]
(K.C.B.T)

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[Arignar Anna Zoological Park|Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], Tambaram, [[Chromepet]], [[Vels University]], [[Eachangadu]], [[Kamatchi Hospital]], [[Seevaram]], [[Perungudi]], [[Kandanchavadi]]
|Sometimes operates to Tambaram
|-

|91A

|[[Hasthinapuram]]

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[Chromepet]], [[Vels University]], [[Eachangadu]], [[Kamatchi Hospital]], [[Seevaram]], [[Perungudi]], [[Kandanchavadi]]

|-

|91R

|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)

|[[Velachery]]

|[[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Vels University]], [[Eachangadu]], [[Kilkattalai]], [[Madipakkam, Chennai|Madipakkam]], [[Kaiveli]]

|-

|91V

|[[Guduvanchery]]

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Vels University]], [[Eachangadu]], [[Kamatchi Hospital]], [[Seevaram]], [[Perungudi]], [[Kandanchavadi]]

|-

|95

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|Tambaram East

|[[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Okkiyampet]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]]

|-

|95G

|[[Okkiyam Thoraipakkam Sec. Colony]]

|[[Guduvanchery]]

|[[Okkiyampet]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East, [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]

|-

|95W

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]]

|[[Tambaram West]]

|[[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Okkiyampet]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East

|-

|99

|[[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]

|[[Tambaram West]]

|[[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Neelankarai]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Akkarai]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East

|-

|99A

|[[Sholinganallur]]

|[[Tambaram West]]

|[[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East

|-

|99C

|[[Chemmanchery S.C.B]]

|[[Tambaram West]]

|[[Perumbakkam]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East
|-
| 101 || [[Thiruvottriyur]] || [[Poonamallee]] || [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-
| 102 || [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]] || [[Kelambakkam]] || [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmenchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]]
| Sometime till Siruchery I.T Park. Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations
|-
| 102A || [[Thiruvanmiyur]] || [[Pudupakkam]] || [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmenchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery I.T Park]]
|-
| 102C || [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]] || [[Chemmanchery S.C.B]] || [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]],[[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Nucleus Company]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations
|-
| 102K || [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]] || [[Kannagi Nagar S.C.B]] / [[Ezhil Nagar]] || [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Mettukuppam]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations
|-
| 102M || [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]] || [[Manamathi]] || [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmenchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]], [[Thiruporur]], [[Chiruthavoor]]
|-
| 102P || [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]] || [[Perumbakkam S.C.B]] || [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]],[[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmenchery]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations
|-
| 102S || [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]] || [[Okkiyam Thoraipakkam Sec. Colony]] || [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations
|-
| 104 || [[Tambaram]] || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Oragadam (Ambattur)]], [[Kallikuppam]], [[Surapet]], [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]]
|-
| 104A || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Avadi]] || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Thirumulaivoyal]]
|-
| 104C || [[Guduvanchery]] || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Rohini Theatre]]
|-
| 104F || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]]
|-
| 104G || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[M.K.B Nagar]] || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[I.C.F]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[Otteri]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Kannigapuram]], [[Vyasarpadi Market]]
|-
| 104H || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]] || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]], [[Erukanchery]]
|-
| 104K || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Oragadam (Ambattur)]], [[Kallikuppam]], [[Surapet]], [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]]
|-
| 104M || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T) || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Retteri]]
|-
| 104P || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Perambur]] || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Retteri]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Venus]]
|-
| 104T || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Thiru. Vi. Ka Nagar]] || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Porur Toll Plaza]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Retteri]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]]
|-
| 105 || [[Tambaram West]] || [[Siruchery I.T Park]] || Tambaram East, [[Selaiyur]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Chithalapakkam]], [[Arasankazhani]], [[Ottiyambakkam]], [[Karanai]], [[Thalambur]], [[Navalur]]
|-
| 105A || [[Tambaram West]] || [[Siruchery I.T Park]] || Tambaram East, [[Selaiyur]], [[Balaji Nagar]], [[Noothanceri]], [[Chithalapakkam]], [[Arasankazhani]], [[Ottiyambakkam]], [[Karanai]], [[Thalambur]], [[Navalur]]
|-
| 109 || [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]] || [[Kovalam]] || [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Neelankarai]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Kanathur (Chennai)|Kanathur]], [[Muttukadu]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations
|-
| 109A
| [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]]
| [[Thiruvidanthai]]
| [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Neelankarai]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Kanathur (Chennai)|Kanathur]], [[Muttukadu]], [[Kovalam]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations
|-
| 109T || [[Thiruvottriyur]] || [[Kovalam]] || [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Nochikuppam]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Besant Nagar]], [[Indira Nagar, Chennai|Indira Nagar]], [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Neelankarai]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Kanathur (Chennai)|Kanathur]], [[Muttukadu]]
|-
| 111 || [[Tambaram]] || [[Thiruverkadu]] || [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Perumal Nagar Junction]], [[Gurumedai]]
|-
| 113 || [[Guindy I.E]] || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Vinayagapuram]], [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]]
|-
| 114 || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]]
|-
| 114A || [[Ayanavaram]] || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[I.C.F]], [[Villivakkam]], [[Srinivasa Nagar]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]]
|-
| 114C || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Thamarapakkam Koot Road]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Gandhi Nagar West]], [[Alamathi]], [[Koduvalli]]
|-
| 114D || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Arani, Chennai|Arani]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Peruvallur]], [[Chinnambedu]], [[Agaram]]
|-
| 114E || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[New Erumai Vetti Palayam]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]]
|-
| 114G || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Gnayaru]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Budur]], [[Arumandai]]
|-
| 114P || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Padianallur]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|-
| 114S || [[Koyambedu Market]] || [[Seemapuram]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Nerkundram]], [[Madiyur]]
|-
| 118 || [[Tambaram]] || [[Maraimalai Nagar]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Potheri]], [[Kattankulathur]]
|-
| 118G || [[Tambaram]] || [[Kavanoor]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Madambakkam]], [[Kuthanur]], [[Thiruthavali]]
|-
| 118N || [[Tambaram]] || [[Neelamangalam]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Urapakkam]], [[Adhanur]], [[Madambakkam]], [[Kuthanur]]
|-
| 118P || [[Tambaram]] || [[Parameshwari Nagar]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Nandhavaram]]
|-
| 118T || [[Tambaram]] || [[Darkash]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Nandhavaram]], [[Perumanttunallur]]
|-
| 119 || [[Guindy I.E]] || [[Chemmanchery S.C.B]] || [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Nucleus Company]]
|-
| 119G || [[Guindy I.E]] || [[Perumbakkam S.C.B]] || [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Nucleus Company]]
|-
| 120 || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Avadi]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]]
|-
| 120A || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Arakkambakkam]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Avadi]], [[Kovilpathagai]], [[Kannadapalayam]], [[Moorai]], [[Veerapuram]]
|-
| 120E || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Kilkondaiyur]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Avadi]], [[Kovilpathagai]], [[Kannadapalayam]], [[Veerapuram]], [[Pandeswaram]]
|-
| 120F || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Oragadam (Ambattur)]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ambathur O.T]]
|-
| 120G || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Menambedu]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Alamaram]]
|-
| 120K || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Kadhavoor]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Avadi]], [[Kovilpathagai]], [[Kannadapalayam]], [[Veerapuram]], [[Arakkambakkam]]
|-
| 121 || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Minjur]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Manjampakkam]], [[Manali, Chennai|Manali]], [[M.F.L]], [[Elanthur]], [[Manali New Town]], [[Kondakkarai]], [[Nandiyambakkam]]
|-
| 121A || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Manali, Chennai|Manali]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram Milk Colony]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]]
|-
| 121C || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Ennore]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram Milk Colony]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]], [[Manali Market]], [[M.F.L]], [[Sathangadu]], [[Ernavoor]]
|-
| 121D || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Manali New Town]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram Milk Colony]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]], [[Manali Market]], [[M.F.L]], [[Elanthur]]
|-
| 121G || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]], [[Erukkanchery]]
|-
| 121M || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]]
|-
| 129C || [[Perambur]] || [[Nanganallur]] || [[Jamaliya]], [[Otteri]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[K.M.C]], [[Chetpet]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Pazhavanthangal]]
|-
| 142 || [[Perambur]] || [[Vinayagapuram]] || [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]]
|-
| 142B || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Peruvallur Kumaran Nagar]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Vepery]], [[Pattalam, Chennai|Pattalam]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]]
|-
| 142P || [[Perambur]] || [[Puthagaram]] || [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]], [[Vinayagapuram]]
|-
| 147A || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[J.J Nagar East]] || [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Pushpa Nagar]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Collector Nagar]]
|-
| 147B || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[J.J Nagar West]] || [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Pushpa Nagar]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Vaavin]]
|-
| 147C || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[Ambathur O.T]] || [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Pushpa Nagar]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Vaavin]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]
|-
| 147V || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[Venkatachalam Nagar]] || [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Pushpa Nagar]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Vaavin]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]]
|-
| 150 || [[Avadi]] || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Paruth I.E]], [[Thiruvekadu]], [[Gurimedai]], [[Perumal Nagar Junction]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[K.M.C]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
|-
| 153 || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Poonamallee]] || [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-
| 153A || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Vellavedu]], [[Neemam]], [[Pudhuchatram]], [[Mettukandigai]], [[Aranvoyal]], [[Manavalan Nagar]]
|-
| 153P || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Parambakkam]] || [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Thandalam, Chennai|Thandalam]], [[Mannur]], [[Ulandhai]], [[Mappedu]], [[Kodenchery]], [[Covam]]
|-
| 153T || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Thandalam, Chennai|Thandalam]], [[Mannur]], [[Koppur]], [[Aranvoyal]], [[Manavalan Nagar]]
|-
| 154 || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[Poonamallee]] || [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-
| 154B || [[Nanganallur]] || [[Poonamallee]] || [[Vanuvampet]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|-
| 154E || [[Ekkattuthangal]] || [[Vellavedu]] || [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Meenambedu]]
|-
| 154P || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[Pattur]] || [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Mangadu]]
|-
| 155A || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Pazhathandalam]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Lakshmipuram, Chennai|Lakshmipuram]], [[Thiruneermalai]], [[Thirumudivakkam]]
|-
| 157 || [[Thiruvottriyur]] || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet Power House]], [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Erukkanchery]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]]
|-
| 157E || [[Ennore]] || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Thalankuppam]], [[Ernavoor Kuppam]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet Power House]], [[M.K.B Nagar]], [[Erukkanchery]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]]
|-
| 159 || [[Thiruvottriyur]] || [[Thiruverkadu]] || [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Perumal Nagar Junction]], [[Gurimedai]]
|-
| 159A || [[Thiruvottriyur]] || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]]
|-
| 159B || [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]]
|-
| 159E || [[Ennore]] || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Ernavoor]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]]
|-
| 159K || [[Kargil Nagar]] || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Choolai]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]]
|-
| 164 || [[Perambur]] || [[Minjur]] || [[Moolakkadai]], [[Madhavaram Milk Colony]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]], [[Manali Market]], [[M.F.L]], [[Manali New Town]]
|-
| 166 || [[Tambaram]] || [[Iyyappanthangal]] || [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Porur]]
|-
| 170C || [[Thiru. Vi. Ka Nagar]] || [[Guindy I.E]] || [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]]
|Sometimes service will go till M.K.B Nagar via moolakadai (only electric buses)
|-
| 170K || [[Peruvallur Kumaran Nagar]] || [[Guindy I.E]] || [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]]
|-
| 170T || [[Tambaram]] || [[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]] || [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]], [[Erukkanchery]]
|-
| 188A || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[Kundrathur]] || [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Mugalivakkam]], [[Madhanandapuram]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]]
|-
| 188C || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Kundrathur]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Manapakkam]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]]
|-
| 188K || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[Kattrambakkam]] || [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Kaladipet]], [[Somangalam]]
|-
| 202 || [[Avadi]] || [[Tambaram West]] || [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Sekkadu]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Thandurai]], [[Sitharkudu Bypass]], [[Chillakarayapuram]], [[Pazhanthandalam]], [[Erumaiyur]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram Town Limit]]
|-
| 202A || [[Avadi]] || [[Tambaram West]] || [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Sekkadu]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Thandurai]], [[Annaikattucherry]], [[Sitharkudu Bypass]], [[Chillakarayapuram]], [[Pazhanthandalam]], [[Erumaiyur]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram Town Limit]]
|-
| 206 || [[Avadi]] || [[Guduvanchery]] || [[Govardanagiri]], [[Parithipattu]], [[Karayanchavadi]], [[Mangadu]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Pazhanthandalam]], [[Erumaiyur]], [[Vandaloor Gate]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
|-
| 207 || [[Thiruverkadu]] || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Gurimedai]], [[Perumal Nagar Junction]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Chillakarayapuram]], [[Pazhanthandalam]], [[Erumaiyur]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
|-
| 221 || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]] || [[Thiruporur]] || [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Tidel Park]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]]
| Sometime till Kelambakkam
|-
| 242 || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]], [[Vinayagapuram]], [[Kavankarai]]
|-
| 266 || [[Tambaram]] || [[Avadi]] || [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Chikkarayapuram]], [[Mangadu]], [[Karayanchavadi]], [[Kaaduveti]], [[Govaradhanagiri]]
|-
| 297 || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Thirumudivakkam SIDCO]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Vellavedu]], [[Aranvoyal]], [[Tirur]], [[Manavala Nagar]]
|-
| 500 || [[Tambaram]] || [[Chengalpattu]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Potheri]], [[Maraimalai Nagar]], [[Singaperumal Koil]], [[Paranur]], [[Pulipakkam]]
|-
| 500A || [[Hasthinapuram]] || [[Chengalpattu]] || [[Kumaran Kundram]], [[Tambaram Sanatorium R.S]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Potheri]], [[Maraimalai Nagar]], [[Singaperumal Koil]], [[Paranur]], [[Pulipakkam]]
|-
| 500D || [[Durga Nagar]] || [[Chengalpattu]] || [[Tambaram Sanatorium]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Potheri]], [[Maraimalai Nagar]], [[Singaperumal Koil]], [[Paranur]], [[Pulipakkam]]
|-
| 500E || [[Tambaram]] || [[Echankarnai]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Potheri]], [[Maraimalai Nagar]], [[Singaperumal Koil]]
|-
| 500P || [[Pallavaram]] || [[Chengalpattu]] || [[Chrompet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Potheri]], [[Maraimalai Nagar]], [[Singaperumal Koil]], [[Paranur]], [[Pulipakkam]]
|-
| 500R || [[Tambaram]] || [[Maraimalai Nagar]] || [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Rajeshwari Nagar]], [[East Potheri]], [[Rail Nagar]]
|-
| 500W || [[West Saidapet]] || [[Chengalpattu]] || [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chrompet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Guduvanchery]], [[Potheri]], [[Maraimalai Nagar]], [[Singaperumal Koil]], [[Paranur]], [[Pulipakkam]]
|-
| 505 || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Gandhi Nagar West]], [[Rajakalam]], [[Alamathi]], [[Poochi Athipet]], [[Thamaraipakkam]], [[Velliyur]], [[Keelanur]], [[Otikkadu]], [[Ikkadu]]
|-
| 512 || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Madarapakkam]] || [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Puduvoyal]], [[Kavarapet]], [[Suravarikandigai]], [[Thanipoondi]]
|-
| 514 || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Periyapalayam]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavangarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padiayanallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Thanakulam]], [[Panapakkam]]
|-
| 515 || [[Tambaram]] || [[Mamallapuram]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Kelambakkam]], [[Thiruporur]], [[Karungudi Pallam]], [[Pandithamedu]], [[Payyanur]], [[Poonjeri]]
|-
| 515A || [[Tambaram]] || [[Kovalam]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 515B || [[Tambaram]] || [[Thiruporur]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 515K || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Kovalam]] || [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 515M || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Mamallapuram]] || [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Kelambakkam]], [[Thiruporur]], [[Karungudi Pallam]], [[Pandithamedu]], [[Payyanur]], [[Poonjeri]]
|-
| 515T || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Thiruporur]] || [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 517K || [[Pallavaram]] || [[Kovalam]] || [[Chrompet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 519T || [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]] || [[Thaiyur Koman Nagar]] || [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmenchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 523 || [[Thiruvanmiyur]] || [[Perunthandalam]] || [[Tidel Park]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmenchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]], [[Thiruporur]], [[Karumbakkam]], [[Mulipakkam]]
|-
| 523A || [[Thiruvanmiyur]] || [[Devi Kar Amman Koil]] || [[Tidel Park]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmenchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]], [[Thiruporur]], [[Karumbakkam]], [[Mulipakkam]], [[Perunthandalam]]
|-
| 525 || [[Vadapalani]] || [[Sunguvarchatram]] || [[Virugambakkam]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irungattukottai]], [[Sriperumbudur]], [[Vadamangalam]]
|-
| 549 || [[Thiruvanmiyur]] || [[Sriperumbudur]] || [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Ramapuram, Chennai|Ramapuram]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irungattukottai]]
|-
| 552K || [[Kilkattalai]] || [[Thiruporur]] || [[Echangadu]], [[Kovilambakkam]], [[Vellaikal]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 553 || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Sunguvarchatram]] || [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Nerkundram]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irungattukottai]], [[Sriperumbudur]], [[Vadamangalam]]
|-
| 553K || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Katrambakkam]] || [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Nerkundram]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irungattukottai]]
|-
| 553W || [[West Saidapet]] || [[Sriperumbudur]] || [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Nerkundram]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumananchavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irungattukottai]]
|-
| 554E || [[Ekkattuthangal]] || [[Sunguvarchatram]] || [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irungattukottai]], [[Sriperumbudur]], [[Vadamangalam]]
|-
| 555G || [[Sholinganallur]] || [[Guduvanchery]] || [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam Chettinad Hospital]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Kandigai]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
|-
| 555M || [[Tambaram]] || [[Thiruporur]] || [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Pungeri]], [[Kattur, Chennai|Kattur]], [[Illayur Junction]]
|-
| 555N || [[Guduvanchery]] || [[Thiruporur]] || [[Perumanttunallur]], [[Kannivakkam]], [[Pondur]], [[Nellikuppam Colony]], [[Kattur, Chennai|Kattur]], [[Illayur Junction]]
|-
| 555P || [[Sholinganallur]] || [[Padappai]] || [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam Chettinad Hospital]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Kandigai]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Vandaloor Gate]], [[Mannivakkam]]
|-
| 555S || [[Sholinganallur]] || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam Chettinad Hospital]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Kandigai]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
|-
| 556 || [[Thiruvottriyur]] || [[Kattupalli]] || [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Mullai Nagar]], [[Sathangadu]], [[M.F.L]], [[Andarkuppam]], [[Nappalayam]], [[Pattamandiri]], [[Vallur]], [[Athipattu]], [[Kamarajar Port]]
|-
| 557 || [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T) || [[Gummidipoondi]] || [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Peravallur]], [[Puduvayal]], [[Kavarapet]], [[Verkadu]]
| Sometimes Depart from Broadway and Redhills
|-
| 557C || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Kallur, Tiruvallur|Kallur]] || [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Peravallur]], [[Puduvayal]], [[Kavarapet]], [[Verkadu]], [[Gummidipoondi]], [[Elavur]], [[Sunnambukulam]], [[Sudukadu]]
|-
| 557M || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Madarapakkam]] || [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Peravallur]], [[Puduvayal]], [[Kavarapet]], [[Suravarikandigai]], [[Poovalmbedu]], [[Amarambedu]], [[Nomalur]]
|-
| 558A || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Minjur]] || [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Thachur]], [[Andarkuppam]], [[Ponneri]], [[Vanakkam]], [[Sanarpalayam]], [[Nalur]]
|-
| 558B || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Pazhaverkadu]] || [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Thachur]], [[Andarkuppam]], [[Ponneri]], [[Uppalam]], [[Methur]], [[Thirupalaivanam]], [[Pakkam]], [[Andarmadam]]
| During Cut Service Depart From Ponneri
|-
| 558C || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Pudhucherimedu]] || [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Thachur]], [[Andarkuppam]], [[Ponneri]], [[Uppalam]], [[Methur]], [[Kolur]]
|-
| 558L || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Minjur]] || [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Thachur]], [[Andarkuppam]], [[Pulikulam]], [[Sanarpalayam]], [[Nalur]]
|-
| 558P || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Perumbedukuppam]] || [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Thachur]], [[Andarkuppam]], [[Ponneri]], [[Chinnakavanam]], [[Lakshmipuram, Chennai|Lakshmipuram]], [[Perumbedu]]
|-
| 565 || [[Avadi]] || [[Sriperumbudur]] || [[Govardanagiri]], [[Paruthipattu]], [[Kaduvetti]], [[Parivakkam]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irungattukottai]]
|-
| 566 || [[Kundrathur]] || [[Thiruporur]] || [[Manachery]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Pammal]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chrompet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 566B || [[Pattur]] || [[Kovalam]] || [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Manachery]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Pammal]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chrompet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kolapakkam]], [[Rathinamangalam]], [[Kandigai]], [[Killakottaiyur]], [[Mambakkam]], [[Pudupakkam]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 568B || [[Velachery]] || [[Thiruporur]] || [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 570 || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Kelambakkam]] || [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]]
|-
| 570B || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Okkiyam Thoraipakkam Sec. Colony]] || [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkatuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]]
|-
| 570C || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Kannagi Nagar S.C.B]] || [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkatuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Mettukuppam]]
|-
| 570P || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Perumbakkam S.C.B]] || [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkatuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Nucleus Company]]
|-
| 570S || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Siruchery I.T Park]] || [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkatuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]] | Morning 5:30am to 8am available From MMBT
|-
| 570T || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Thalambur]] || [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkatuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]]
|-
| 570V || [[Vadapalani]] || [[Kelambakkam]] || [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkatuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]]
|-
| 572 || [[Avadi]] || [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Amudurmedu]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Veppampattu]], [[Sevvapet]], [[Kakkalur]]
|-
| 572A || [[Avadi]] || [[Thiruvallur Collector Off.]] || [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Amudurmedu]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Veppampattu]], [[Thottikalai]], [[Vellakulam]], [[Kakkalur]]
|-
| 572K || [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]] || [[Kilanur]] || [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Avadi]], [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Amudurmedu]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Veppampattu]], [[Sevvapet]], [[Vellakulam]], [[Chithathur Colony]], [[Vishnuvakkam]]
|-
| 578 || [[Poonamallee]] || [[Sunguvarchatram]] || [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irungattukottai]], [[Sriperumbudur]], [[Vadamangalam]]
|-
| 578A || [[Kundrathur]] || [[Sriperumbudur]] || [[Sirukalathur]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Somangalam]], [[Nallur, Thiruvallur|Nallur]], [[Kattrambakkam]], [[Amarambedu]], [[Mariyamman Kovil]]
|-
| 579A || [[Tambaram Sanatorium]] || [[Walajabad]] || [[Tambaram West]], [[Tambaram Town Limit]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Mudichur]], [[Mannivakkam]], [[Paddapai]], [[Oragadam]], [[Thalampet]], [[Oothukadu]]
|-
| 579C || [[Tambaram Sanatorium]] || [[Walajabad]] || [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Gate]], [[Mannivakkam]], [[Paddapai]], [[Oragadam]], [[Thalampet]], [[Oothukadu]]
|-
| 579K || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Walajabad]] || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Vandaloor Gate]], [[Mannivakkam]], [[Paddapai]], [[Oragadam]], [[Thalampet]], [[Oothukadu]]
|-
| 580 || [[Avadi]] || [[Arani, Chennai|Arani]] || [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Amudurmedu]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Pakkam]], [[Kavanur]], [[Komakkambedu]], [[Thamaraipakkam]], [[Vengal]], [[Vadamadurai]], [[Periyapalayam]], [[Kosavanpettai]]
|-
| 580A || [[Avadi]] || [[Mel Sembedu]] || [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Amudurmedu]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Pakkam]], [[Kavanur]], [[Komakkambedu]], [[Thamaraipakkam]], [[Kaatharvedu]]
|-
| 580M || [[Thiruninravur]] || [[Malanthur]] || [[Pakkam]], [[Kavanur]], [[Komakkambedu]], [[Thamaraipakkam]], [[Vengal]]
|-
| 580S || [[Avadi]] || [[Siruvapuri]] || [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Amudurmedu]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Pakkam]], [[Kavanur]], [[Komakkambedu]], [[Thamaraipakkam]], [[Vengal]], [[Vadamadurai]], [[Periyapalayam]], [[Kosavanpettai]], [[Arani, Chennai|Arani]], [[Agaram]]
|-
| 583 || [[Tambaram Sanatorium]] || [[Sriperumbudur]] || [[Tambaram West]], [[Tambaram Town Limit]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Mudichur]], [[Mannivakkam]], [[Paddapai]], [[Oragadam]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]], [[Therasapuram]]
|-
| 583A || [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Sriperumbudur]] || [[Manavala Nagar]], [[Melnallathur]], [[Polivakkam]], [[Sengadu]], [[Parangusattram]], [[Thodukadu]]
|-
| 583C || [[Tambaram Sanatorium]] || [[Sriperumbudur]] || [[Tambaram West]], [[Tambaram Town Limit]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Mudichur]], [[Mannivakkam]], [[Manimangalam]], [[Malaipattu]], [[Mariyamman Kovil]]
|-
| 583D || [[Tambaram Sanatorium]] || [[Sriperumbudur]] || [[Tambaram West]], [[Tambaram Town Limit]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Mullai Nagar Ernavoor]], [[Manimangalam]], [[Malaipattu]], [[Mariyamman Kovil]]
|-
| 583K || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Sriperumbudur]] || [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Vandaloor Gate]], [[Mannivakkam]], [[Paddapai]], [[Oragadam]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]], [[Therasapuram]]
|-
| 588 || [[Thiruvanmiyur]] || [[Mamallapuram]] || [[Palavakkam]], [[Neelankarai]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Kanathur (Chennai)|Kanathur]], [[Muttukadu]], [[Kovalam]], [[Thiruvidhanthai]], [[Vadanemmeli]], [[Sulerikadu]], [[Pattipulam]], [[Devaneri]], [[Sculpture Arts College]]
|-
| 591 || [[Poonamallee]] || [[Perambakkam]] || [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Thandalam, Chennai|Thandalam]], [[Mevalurukuppam]], [[Mannur]], [[Ulandhai]], [[Mappedu]], [[Covam]]
|-
| 591C || [[Poonamallee]] || [[Perambakkam L.N Koil]] || [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Thandalam, Chennai|Thandalam]], [[Mevalurukuppam]], [[Mannur]], [[Ulandhai]], [[Mappedu]], [[Covam]], [[Perambakkam]]
|-
| 592 || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Uthukottai]] || [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Manjankaranai]], [[Erikarai]], [[Panapakkam]], [[Periyapalayam]], [[Athupakkam]], [[Thandalam, Chennai|Thandalam]], [[Ellampettai]]
|-
| 592V || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || [[Vengal]] || [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Manjankaranai]], [[Erikarai]], [[Panapakkam]], [[Pettaimedu]]
|-
| 595 || [[Pazhaverkadu]] || [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], || [[Andarmadam]], [[Pakkam]], [[Palayambakkam]], [[Kattur, Chennai|Kattur]], [[Thiru Vellivoyal]], [[Vayalur]], [[Minjur]], [[Nandiyambakkam]], [[Nappalayam]], [[Andarkuppam]], [[M.F.L]], [[Sathangadu]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]]
|-
| 597 || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Iyyappanthangal]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Vellavedu]], [[Aranvoyal]], [[Tirur]], [[Manavala Nagar]]
|-
| 597A || [[Poonamallee]] || [[Thiruvallur]] || [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Vellavedu]], [[Aranvoyal]], [[Tirur]], [[Manavala Nagar]]
|-
| 597C || [[Poonamallee]] || [[Thiruninravur R.S]] || [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Vellavedu]], [[Puduchatram]], [[Kottamedu]], [[Ponniymmanmedu]]
|-
|}

===Letter Prefixed Routes===

{{anchor|Letter Prefixed}}

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsable plainrowheaders"

|-

! Route

! Origin

! Destination

! Via
!Route Map
|-

| A1

| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]

| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]

| [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Royapettah]], [[Mylapore]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]
|
|-

| A45B

| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]

| [[Nandambakkam]]

| [[Triplicane]], [[Ratna Cafe]], [[Vivekananda House]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Our Lady of Light Church, Chennai|Luz]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]]
|
|-

| A47

| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]

| [[Avadi]]

| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Valluvar Kottam]], [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]], [[Roundana]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Padi, Chennai|Padi]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur O.T]]
|
|-

| A51

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| Tambaram East

| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]]
|
|-

| B19

| [[Sholinganallur]]

| [[Kelambakkam]]

| [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]]
|
|-

| C56C

| [[Thiruvottriyur]]

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Kalmandapam]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]]
|
|-

| D70

| [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]

| [[Velachery]]

| [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Check Post]]
|
|-

| E18

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Guduvanchery]]

| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
|
|-

| E51

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Ottiyambakkam]]

| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Chithalapakam]], [[Arasankazhani]]
|
|-

| F70

| [[Pattabiram]]

| [[Guindy I.E]]

| [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Avadi]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Jafferkhanpet]]
|
|-

| G18

| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

| [[Guduvanchery]]

| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
|
|-

| J51

| [[Velachery]]

| [[Venkadamangalam]]

| [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Madurapakkam]], [[Ponmar]]
|
|-

| J66

| [[Tambaram]]

| [[Poonamallee]]

| [[Thiruneermalai]], [[Vazhuthalambedu]], [[Kundrathur Murugan Temple]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Mangadu]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]]
|
|-

| M1

| [[Kilkattalai]]

| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]

| [[Madipakkam, Chennai|Madipakkam]], [[Kaiveli]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]]
|
|-

| M1A

| [[Nanganallur]]

| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]

| [[Moovarasampet]], [[Madipakkam, Chennai|Madipakkam]], [[Kaiveli]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]]
|
|-

| M18

| [[Tambaram]]

| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)

| [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
|
|-

| M18C

| [[Kilkattalai]]

| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

| [[Moovarasampet]], [[Nanganallur]], [[Pazhavanthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Guindy]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]]
|
|-

| M18G

| [[Guduvanchery]]

| [[Hasthinapuram]]

| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]]
|
|-

| M18N

| [[Guduvanchery]]

| [[Nanganallur]]

| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pazhavanthangal]]
|
|-

| M19B

| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

| [[Kannagi Nagar S.C.B]]

| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Gandhi Mandapam]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Tidel Park]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Perungudi]], [[Mettukuppam]]
|
|-

| M27

| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

| [[Koyambedu Market]], [[Chinmaya Nagar]], [[Virugambakkam]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Liberty]], [[Bharathi Nagar]]
|
|-

| M51

| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

| [[Sholinganallur]]

| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Chitlapakkam]], [[Arasankazhani]]
|
|-

| M51D

| [[Saidapet]]

| [[Kelambakkam]]

| [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Chitlapakkam]], [[Arasankazhani]], [[Ottiyambkkam]], [[Karanai]], [[Thalambur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Pudupakkam]]
|
|-

| M51R

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Puzhuthivakkam]]

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Chepauk]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[N.G.O Colony]], [[Adambakkam]]
|
|-

| M51V

| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

| [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]]

| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Chitlapakkam]], [[Ponmar]], [[Mambakkam]]
|
|-

| M60

| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Nandambakkam Kalaignar Nagar]]

| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerungambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Sirukalathur]]
|
|-

| M70

| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]

| [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]]
|
|-

| M88

| [[Vadapalani]]

| [[Kundrathur Murugan Temple]]

| [[Virugambakkam]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]]
|
|-

| M88T

| [[Vadapalani]]

| [[Amarambedu East]]

| [[Virugambakkam]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Somangalam]], [[Nallur, Thiruvallur|Nallur]], [[Puduppair]]
|
|-
|MAA1
|[[Chennai International Airport]]
|[[Kilambakkam bus terminus, Chennai|Kilambakkam (K.C.B.T)]]
|[[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Vandalur|Vandalur Zoo]]
|
|-
|MAA2
|[[Chennai International Airport]]
|Akkarai
|[[Pallavaram]], [[200 Feet Radial Road]], [[Thuraipakkam|Thoraipakkam]], [[Karapakkam]], [[Sholinganallur]]
|
|-

| N45B

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Moovarsampet]]

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Ratna Cafe]], [[Vivekananda House]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Our Lady of Light Church, Chennai|Luz]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Pazhavanthangal]], [[Nanganallur]]
|
|-

| T19

| [[Okkiyam Thoraipakkam Sec. Colony]]

| [[Thiruporur]]

| [[Okkiyampet]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Pattur]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|

|-

| T23C

| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]

| [[Ayanavaram]]

| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Teynampet]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]]
|
|-
| T29

| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]

| [[Thiru. Vi. Ka Nagar]]

| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Mylapore]], [[Royapettah]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]]
|
|-

| T29C

| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]

| [[Perambur]]

| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Mylapore]], [[Stella Mary College]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Chetpet]], [[K.M.C]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]]
|
|-

| V51

| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

| [[Tambaram West]]

| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Kaiveli]], [[Madipakkam, Chennai|Madipakkam]], [[Kilkattalai]], [[Kovilambakkam]], [[Vellaikal]], [[Medavakkam Koot Road]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East
|
|}

===Cut Service Bus Routes===

{{anchor|ct-Suffixed Routes}}

The aforementioned cut/curtailment services primarily function as feeder services for depots such as Alandur, M.G.R Central, Tondiarpet, Thiruvottriyur, Thiruvanmiyur, Vadapalani, Iyyappanthangal, Poonamallee, Perumbakkam, Saidapet, Avadi, Ambathur, Adyar, Ayanavaram, Anna Nagar West, Kalaignar Nagar, Madhavaram, and Perambur, in addition to regular routes including 26, 102, and others.

{| class="wikitable"
! Route !! Starting Point !! Ending Point !! Route Description

|-
| 2A || [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]] || War Memorial, Pallavan Salai
|-
| 3 || [[Tidel Park]] || [[Guindy Race Course]] || S.R.P Tools, Tharamani, Velachery
|-
|5C
|[[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
|[[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Royapettah]], [[Madras Music Academy|Music Academy]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Adyar Gate]], [[Kotturpuram]], [[Madhya Kailash]]
|-
| 5G || [[Velachery]] || Kannagi Nagar S.C.B || Tharamani, Kandanchavadi, Perungudi
|-
| 6D || [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], || [[Foreshore Estate]] || Tondiarpet, Royapuram, Beach Station, Secretariat, Marina Beach, Q.M.C, Santhome
|-
| 8A || [[Vallalar Nagar]] || [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], || Thambu Chetty, Royapuram, Kalmandapam, Kasimedu
|-
| 13 || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[Triplicane]] || Vani Mahal, Thousand Lights, Gopalapuram, Royapettah, Pycroft Road
|-
| 18A || [[Guindy I.E]] || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || Alandur Metro, Airport, Pallavaram, Chromepet, Tambaram, Perungalathur, Vandaloor Zoo
|-
| 18K || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]] || [[West Saidapet]] || P.OR.R Sons, L.I.C, D.M.S, Teynampet, Nandanam, Mettupalayam
|-
| 21E || [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]] || [[Nandambakkam]]/ [[Ramapuram, Chennai|Ramapuram ]]|| Parrys Corner, Secretariat, Marina Beach, Q.M.C, Santhome, Foreshore Estate, Adyar, Madhya Kailash, Anna University, Guindy, Kathipara
|-
| 21G || [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]] || [[Tambaram]] || Parrys Corner, Secretariat, Marina Beach, Q M.C, Mylapore, Mandaveli, Adyar Gate, Kotturpuram, Anna University, Guindy, Alandur Metro, Airport, Pallavaram, Chromepet
|-
| 21G || [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]] || [[Alandur Court]] || Parrys Corner, Secretariat, Marina Beach, Q M.C, Mylapore, Mandaveli, Adyar Gate, Kotturpuram, Anna University, Guindy
|-
| 21G || [[Mylapore]] || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || Mandaveli, Adyar Gate, Kotturpuram, Anna University, Guindy, Alandur Metro, Airport, Pallavaram, Chromepet, Tambaram, Perungalathur, Vandaloor Zoo
|-
| 23C || [[Besant Nagar]] || [[Egmore]] || Adyar, Madhya Kailash, Anna University, Little Mount, Saidapet, Nandanam, Teynampet, D.M.S, L.I.C, Pudupet
|-
| 23C || [[Saidapet]] || [[Ayanavaram]] || Nandanam, Teynampet, D.M.S, L.I.C, Pudupet, Egmore, Dasaprakash, Purasaivakkam, Kellys
|-
|25
|[[Anna Square]]
|[[Iyyappanthangal]]
|Marina Beach, Royapettah, Gemini, Palmgrove, Liberty, Vadapalani, Valasaravakkam, Porur
|-
|25
|[[Anna Square]]
|[[Vadapalani]]
|Marina Beach, Royapettah, Gemini, Palmgrove, Liberty
|-
| 26 || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Vadapalani]] || M.G.R Central, P.OR.R Sons, L.I.C, Gemini, Palmgrove, Liberty
|-
| 27B
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[M.M.D.A Colony]]
| [[Triplicane]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Chindathiripet]], [[Egmore]], [[Chetpet]], [[Aminjikarai]]
|-
| 28A
| [[Manali New Town]]
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Elanthur]], [[Sathangadu]], [[Wimco Nagar]], [[Thiruvottriyur]], [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Tondiarpet]]
|-
| 29A || [[Egmore]] || [[Perambur]] || Dasaprakash, Purasaivakkam, Doveton, Otteri, Jamaliya
|-
| 29C
| [[Sterling Road]]
| [[Perambur]]
| [[Chetpet]], [[K.M.C]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]]
|-
| 29E
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Perambur]]
| [[Arumbakkam]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Kellys]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]]
|-
| 35
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Ayanavaram]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]]
|-
| 37 || [[Vallalar Nagar]] || [[Dasarathapuram]] || Basin Bridge, Choolai, Purasaivakkam, Dasaprakash, K.M.C, Chetpet, Sterling Road, Valluvar Kottam, Liberty, Vadapalani
|-
| 37E || [[M.K.B Nagar]] || [[Vadapalani]] || Sidco, Kannigapuram, Pattalam, Doveton, Vepery, Egmore, D.P.I, Sterling Road, Valluvar Kottam, Liberty
|-
| 44 || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || I.O.C || Beach Station, Thambu Chetty, Vallalar Nagar, Tondiarpet
|-
| 45A
| [[Vivekananda House]]
| [[N.G.O Colony]]
| [[Royapettah]], [[Madras Music Academy|Music Academy]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Adyar Gate]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Kaiveli]]
|-
| 45B
| [[Vivekananda House]]
| [[Guindy I.E]]
| [[Q.M.C]], [[Our Lady of Light Church, Chennai|Luz]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]]
|-
| 47D || [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]] || [[Korattur]] || Valluvar Kottam, Sterling Road, Loyola College, Roundana, Thirumangalam, Anna Nagar West, Padi, Lucas
|-
| 48
| [[Vallalar Nagar]]
| [[Ayanavaram]]
| [[Basin Bridge]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Otteri]]
|-
| 54 || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Iyyappanthangal]] || M.G.R Central, P.OR.R Sons, L.I.C, D.M.S, Teynampet, Nandanam, Saidapet, Little Mount, Guindy, Kathipara, Nandambakkam, Porur
|-
| 54V || [[Poonamallee]] || Veppampattu R.S || Varadharaja Puram, Thirumazhisai, Vellavedu, Nemam, Perumalpattu
|-
|57
|[[Vallalar Nagar]]
|[[Moolakadai]]
|[[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]]
|-
|57x
|[[Moolakadai]]
|[[Periyapalayam]]
|[[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Semilivaram]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Manjankaranai]], [[Erikarai]], [[Panapakkam]]
|-
| 57C || [[Vallalar Nagar]] || [[Gnayaru]] || Basin Bridge, Vyasarpadi, Moolakadai, Madhavaram (M.M.B.T), Puzhal, Kavankarai, Redhills, Kummanur, Budur, Arumandai
|-
| 62 || [[Avadi]] || [[Sengundram|Redhills]] || Thirumullaivoyal, Raaki Theatre, Pudhur, Kallikupam, Surapet, Puzhal, Kavangarai
|-
| 65C || [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]] || Pakkam Village || Ambathur O.T, Raaki Theatre, Thirumullaivoyal, Avadi, Kavarapalayam, Pattabiram, Annaikattuchery, Nemilichery, Thiruninravur, Melappedu
|-
|70C
|[[Ramapuram, Chennai|Ramapuram]]
|[[Kilambakkam bus terminus, Chennai|Kilambakkam]]
|Arasamaram, [[Nesapakkam]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Tambaram]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandalur Zoo]]
|-
| 77F || Vathattur || [[Avadi]] || Sivanavoyal, Nathambedu, Thiruninravur, Nemilichery, Amudurmedu, Pattabiram, Kavarapalayam
|-
| 88 || [[Vadapalani]] || [[Porur]] || Virugambakkam, Valasaravakkam
|-
| 95x || [[Sholinganallur]] || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || Medavakkam, Sembakkam, Selaiyur, Tambaram East, Perungalathur, Vandaloor Zoo
|-
| 101 || [[Thiruvottriyur]] || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Tiruvottriyur Theradi metro station|Theradi]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]]
|-
| 102 || [[Tidel Park]] || [[Siruchery I.T Park]] || Kandanchavadi, Perungudi, Sholinganallur, Chemmenchery, Navalur
|-
| 104C || [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T) || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || Vandaloor Zoo, Perungalathur, Porur Toll Plaza, Maduravoyal, Rohini Theatre
|-
|-
| 109 || [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]] || [[Kovalam]] || [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Akkarai]], [[Uthandi]], [[Muttukadu]]
|-
| 114C || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Gnayaru]] || Thirumangalam, Anna Nagar West, Agrakaram, Retteri, Madhavaram (M.M.B.T), Puzhal, Kavankarai, Redhills, Kummanur, Budur, Arumandai
|-
| 120 || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || [[Ayanavaram]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]]
|-
| 121 || [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]] || [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T) || Thirumangalam, Anna Nagar West, Retteri
|-
| 221 || [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]] || Perumbakkam S.C.B || M.G.R Central, P.OR.R Sons, L.I.C, D.M.S, Teynampet, Nandanam, Saidapet, Little Mount, Gandhi Mandapam, Madhya Kailash, Tidel Park, Kandanchavadi, Perungudi, Sholinganallur, Nucleus Company
|-
|242
|| [[Perambur]]
|| [[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|| [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]], [[Vinayagapuram]], [[Kavankarai]]
|-
|595 || [[Pazhaverkadu]] || [[Minjur]], || [[Andarmadam]], [[Pakkam]], [[Palayambakkam]], [[Kattur, Chennai|Kattur]], [[Thiru Vellivoyal]], [[Vayalur]]
|-
| B19 || [[Sholinganallur]] || [[Siruchery I.T Park]] || Chemmenchery, Navalur
|-
| B70 || [[Guindy I.E]] || Devik Eswari Nagar || Ekkattuthangal, Ashok Pillar, Vadapalani, Arumbakkam Metro, M.G.R Koyambedu (C.M.BT), Thirumangalam, Anna Nagar West, Padi, Lucas, Ambathur I.E, Ambathur O.T
|-
| M88 || [[Porur]] || Kundrathur Murugan Temple || Moulivakkam, Gerungambakkam, Kovur, Kolachery, Kundrathur
|}

===EXTN and X Service Bus Routes===

The "EXTN" services primarily function as feeder services, providing regular connections to various destinations while incorporating additional stops along the current route. The "X" bus routes operate with a consistent frequency of 25 to 30 minutes, particularly the bus service to Kilambakkam (K.C.B.T), as well as routes 102x and 570x to Thiruporur. These routes are also recognized as infrequent bus services.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Route
! From
! To
! Route Stops
|-
| 7M
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Athipet]] [[I.C.F Colony]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Chintamani, Chennai|Chinthamani]], [[Roundana]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Vaavin]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]]
|-
| 9M
| [[A.G.S Colony]]
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Guindy]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[Teynampet]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[P.ORR Sons]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]]
|-
| 15B
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Odeanmani]]
| [[Arumbakkam]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[K.M.C]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Royapuram]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Thangal]]
|-
|-
| 19B
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Thaiyur Koman Nagar]]
| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Anna University]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-

|23C
| [[Kannagi Nagar]]
| [[Ayanavaram]]
|[[Perungudi]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Saidapet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Teynampet]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]]
|-
| 29
| [[Mandaveli]]
| [[Vinayagapuram]]
| [[Mylapore]], [[Royapettah]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]]
|-
| 29A
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Periyar Nagar]]
| [[Triplicane]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]]
|-
| 29A
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Peravallur Kumaran Nagar]]
| [[Triplicane]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]]
|-
| 29C
| [[Besant Nagar]]
| [[Periyar Nagar]]
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Mylapore]], [[Stella Mary College]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Chetpet]], [[K.M.C]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]]
|-
| 29C
| [[Besant Nagar]]
| [[Srinivasa Nagar]]
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Mylapore]], [[Stella Mary College]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Sterling Road]], [[Chetpet]], [[K.M.C]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]]
|-
| 45Bx
| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]
| [[Mugalivakkam]]
| [[Triplicane]], [[Ratna Cafe]], [[Vivekananda House]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Our Lady of Light Church, Chennai|Luz]], [[Alwarpet]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]]
|-
| 46
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Periyar Nagar]]
| [[Arumbakkam]], [[N.S.K Nagar]], [[Roundana]], [[I.C.F]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]]
|-
| 51Ax
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy Race Course]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East, [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
|-
| 51B
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Ottiyambakkam]]
| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Chithalapakkam]], [[Arasankazhani]]
|-
| 51x
| [[Velachery]]
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East, [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
|-
| 55
| [[Tambaram West]]
| [[Mannivakkam Kulam]]
| [[Tambaram Town Limit]], [[Amudham Nagar]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Mudichur]], [[Mannivakkam]]
|-
|55A
|[[Pallavaram]]
|[[Poonthandalam]]
|Lakshmipuram, Thiruneermalai, Thirumudivakkam, Pazhanthandalam, Vivekananda Nagar, Indira Nagar
|-
| 56D
| [[Mathur M.M.D.A]]
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Manali, Chennai|Manali]], [[Avurikollaimedu]], [[K.G.L]], [[Tollgate metro station|Tollgate]], [[Kasimedu]], [[Royapuram]], [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]]
|-
| 64K
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Kodungaiyur Parvathi Nagar]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Periyamedu]], [[Vepery]], [[Doveton]], [[Pattalam, Chennai|Pattalam]], [[Kannigapuram]], [[Perambur Market]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Erukkancherry]], [[Kodungaiyur|Sidco]], [[Karikadai]]
|-
| 71Ex
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Thiruninravur]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Kilpauk Garden]], [[V.O.C. Nagar]], [[Sidco Nagar]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Avadi]], [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Annaikattuchery]], [[Nemilichery]]
|-
| 77V
| [[Koyambakkam]]
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Veppampattu]], [[Thiruninravur]], [[Nemilichery]], [[Amudurmedu]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Avadi]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Ambathur O.T]], [[Ambattur Industrial Estate|Ambathur I.E]], [[Vaavin]], [[Collector Nagar]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]]
|-
| 88C
| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]
| [[Nandambakkam Village]]
| [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Ramapuram, Chennai|Ramapuram]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Nandambakkam]]
|-
| 88K
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Nallur, Thiruvallur|Nallur]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Ramapuram, Chennai|Ramapuram]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kundrathur]]

|-
| 91
| [[Guduvanchery]]
|[[Okkiyam Thoraipakkam Sec. Colony]]
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T), [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Vels University]], [[Eachangadu]], [[Kamatchi Hospital]]
|-
| 95x
| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Okkiyampet]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East, [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
|-
| 99x
| [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Neelankarai]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Akkarai]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Sembakkam]], [[Selaiyur]], Tambaram East, [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
|-
| 101x
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Thirumazhisai]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]]
|-
| 102x
| [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]]
| [[Thiruporur]]
| [[George Town, Chennai|Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmenchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations.
|-
| 109x
| [[The Island, Chennai|Island Grounds]]
| [[Thiruporur]]
| [[George Town, Chennai| Parrys Corner]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Neelankarai]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Kanathur (Chennai)|Kanathur]], [[Muttukadu]], [[Kovalam]], [[Kovalam- Kelambakkam Road]], [[Kelambakkam]]
| Extended to Island Grounds due to Broadway Station renovations.
|-
| 111x
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[Thiruverkadu]]
| [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Perumal Nagar Junction]], [[Gurumedai]]
|-
| 114
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Mahindra Ind Park]]
| [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Agrakaram]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padiayanallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Peruvallur]], [[Puduvayal]]
|-
| 120K
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Kilkondaiyur]]
| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Kellys]], [[Ayanavaram]], [[I.C.F]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Ambathur]], [[Thirumullaivoyal]], [[Avadi]], [[Kovilpathagai]], [[Kannadapalayam]], [[Veerapuram]], [[Arakkambakkam]], [[Kadhavoor]]
|-
| 121M
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Manali, Chennai|Manali]]
| [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]], [[Manjampakkam]], [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]]
|-
| 166x
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[Iyyappanthangal]]
| [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Pammal]], [[Anakaputhur]], [[Manacherry]], [[Kundrathur]], [[Kolachery]], [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]], [[Gerugambakkam]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Porur]]
|-
| 170C
| [[Manali, Chennai|Manali]]
| [[Guindy I.E]]
| [[Mathur, Chennai|Mathur]], [[Madhavaram Milk Colony]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Thiru. Vi. Ka Nagar]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkattuthangal]]
|-
| 170Tx
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[Kaviyarasu Kannadhasan Nagar|Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar]]
| [[Vandaloor Zoo]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Tambaram]], [[Chromepet]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chennai International Airport|Arignar Anna International Airport]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]], [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Moolakadai]], [[Erukkanchery]]
|-
| 202x
| [[Avadi]]
| [[Kilambakkam]] (K.C.B.T)
| [[Kavarapalayam]], [[Sekkadu]], [[Pattabiram]], [[Thandurai]], [[Sitharkadu Bypass]], [[Chikkarayapuram]], [[Pazhanthandalam]], [[Erumaiyur]], [[Old Perungalathur]], [[Perungalathur]], [[Vandaloor Zoo]]
|-
| 514
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Enambakkam]]
| [[Thirumangalam, Chennai|Thirumangalam]], [[Anna Nagar West]], [[Lucas TVS|Lucas]], [[Retteri]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavangarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padiayanallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Thanakulam]], [[Panapakkam]], [[Periyapalayam]]
|-
| 557A
| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]
| [[Annamalaichery]]
| [[Chennai Beach railway station|Beach Station]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Basin Bridge]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram, Chennai|Madhavaram]] (M.M.B.T), [[Puzhal]], [[Kavankarai]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]], [[Padianallur]], [[Sholavaram]], [[Karanodai]], [[Janapanchatram]], [[Peravallur]], [[Puduvayal]], [[Kavarapet]], [[Verkadu]], [[Gummidipoondi]], [[Rettembedu]], [[Kurivigaram Junction]], [[Pananjalai]], [[Agaram]], [[Vepathur]]
|-
| 570x
| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]
| [[Thiruporur]]
| [[Arumbakkam Metro]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Ekkatuthangal]], [[Guindy]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Tharamani]], [[S.R.P Tools]], [[Kandanchavadi]], [[Perungudi]], [[Sholinganallur]], [[Chemmanchery]], [[Navalur]], [[Siruchery]], [[Padur]], [[Kelambakkam]]
|-
| 578
| [[Poonamallee]]
| [[Kunnam]]
| [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Irungattukottai]], [[Sriperumbudur]]

|}

===S-Prefixed Bus Routes===

{{anchor|S-Prefixed Routes}}

These Routes are operated by small buses which mainly acts as feeder services for metro stations, railway stations or for interior local neighborhood routes

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsable plainrowheaders"

|-

!Route

!Origin

!Destination

!Via

|-

|S1

|Pallavaram R.S

|Thirusulam Sakthi Nagar

|Dharga, Sara Nagar

|-

|S2

|Medavakkam

|Chromepet

|Sembakkam, Thirumalai Nagar, Hastinapuram, Kumaran Kundram

|-

|S3X

|Chromepet E.S.I

|Noothanchery

|Chromepet, Tambaram Sanatorium R.S, Bampan Salai, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Madambakkam

|-

|S4

|Medavakkam

|Chromepet

|Medavakkam Koot Road, Vellaikal, Kovilambakkam, Vijayalakshmi, Pattavedaman Temple, Kumaran Kundram

|-

|S5

|Fort R.S

|Secretariat

|War Memorial

|-

|S6

|Tambaram West

|Vengambakkam

|Tambaram East, Selaiyur, Balaji Nagar, Meppadu

|-

|S12

|Velachery M.R.T.S

|Guindy Race Course

|Velachery Vijayanagar, Velachery Erikarai, Maduvinkarai

|-

|S13

|Velachery

|Guindy Race Course

|Velachery M.R.T.S, A.G.S Colony, Brindavan Nagar, N.G.O Colony, Maduvinkarai

|-

|S15

|Thiruvanmiyur M.R.T.S

|Madhya Kailash

|Tidel Park, Ascendas I.T Park, Kanagam, I.I.T Madras

|-

|S17

|Adyar

|Mandaveli

|Gandhi Nagar, Kotturpuram M.R.T.S, Kotturpuram, Adyar Gate, Greenways Road M.R.T.S, Kamaraj Salai, Thiruvengadam

|-

|S18CT

|Kilmbakkam (K.C.B.T)

|Tambaram West

|
|-

|S18D

|Saidapet

|Kilkattalai

|Little Mount, Guindy, N.G.O Colony, St. Thomas Mount, Vanuvampet

|-

|S18K

|M.G.R Central

|Saidapet West Parsan Nagar

|P.OR.R Sons, L.I.C, D.M.S, Teynampet, Nandanam, Mettupalayam

|-

|S19

|Chromepet

|Kilkattalai

|Kumaran Kundram, Hastinapuram, Arunodayam Nagar, Pillayar Koil, Kovilambakkam, Echangadu

|-

|S20

|Ashok Nagar Metro

|D.L.F

|Kalaignar Nagar, Nesapakkam, Ramapuram Koil

|-

|S21C

|Mylapore

|M.G.R Central

|Royapettah, L.I.C, Dams Road, Guruvappa Street, Chintadripet, P.OR.R Sons

|-

|S22

|Porur

|Mangadu

|Iyyappanthangal, Alamaram, Pattur

|-

|S24

|Iyyappanthangal

|Thiruverkadu

|T.R Studio, Velappanchavadi, Perumal Nagar, Gurimedai

|-

|S24A

|Kambar Colony

|T.V.K.Nagar

|T.R Studio, Velappanchavadi, Perumal Nagar, Gurimedai

|-

|S25

|Valsaravakkam

|Maduravoyal

|Alapakkam, Meenakshi Dental

|-

|S25A

|Iyyappanthanagl

|Maduravoyal Erikari

|
|-

|S26

|Ashok Nagar Metro

|Valsaravakkam

|Indira Colony, Nesapakkam, Ramapuram, Venkateswar Nagar

|-

|S28

|M.G.R Koyambedu (C.M.B.T)

|Iyyappanthangal

|Rohini Theatre, Maduravoyal, Porur Gardens, Porur

|-

|S30

|Ashok Nagar Metro

|Saidapet

|Ragava Nagar, Mettuplayam Market, Saidapet Market

|-

|S30CT

|Guindy G.H

|K.K.Nagar

|

|-

|S30K

|Guindy G.H

|Kotturpuram M.R.T.S

|Saidapet Market, Saidapet Metro, Nandanam, Chamiers Road, Kotturpuram

|-

|S31

|M.G.R Koyambedu (C.M.B.T)

|Vadapalani

|Koyambedu Market, Chinmaya Nagar, Amuthan Stores, Virugambakkam

|-

|S35

|Ashok Nagar Metro

|Defence Colony

|Saidapet West, Adduthotti Bridge, Guindy I.E, Military Hospital

|-

|S36

|D.M.S Metro

|Nungambakkam R.S

|Gemini, Sterling Road, Loyola College

|-

|S40

|Pallavaram

|Indira Nagar

|Pallavaram Cantonment, Moovar Nagar, Cowl Bazaar

|-

|S41

|Avadi

|Ambedkar Statue

|Kannigapuram, Ayapakkam, Ayanambakkam Church

|-

|S42

|Korattur

|Maduravoyal

|Church Stop, Yadhava Street, Padi Sivan Koil, T S Krishna Nagar, Mookambigai Dental College, Vengaya Mandi

|-

|S43

|Villivakkam

|Pudur

|Srinivasa Nagar, Teachers Colony, Madanankuppam, Kallikuppam

|-

|S44

|Villivakkam

|Perambur

|Srinivasa Nagar, Poompuhar Nagar, Kolathur, Periyar Nagar, Venus

|-

|S45

|Poonamallee

|Avadi

|Parivakkam, Mettuppalaiyam, Ayalchery, Annaikattuchery, Pattabiram, Kavarapalayam

|-

|S47

|Mittanamalli G.H.S.S

|Avadi

|Mittanamalli, Karimedu, Kakkanji Nagar, Kavrapalayam

|-

|S47M

|C.R.P.F

|Avadi

|Mittanamalli, Karimedu, Kakkanji Nagar, Kavrapalayam

|-

|S48

|Siranjeevi

|Avadi

|Perumal Kovil, Kavarapalayam

|-

|S50

|Poonamallee

|Avadi

|Parivakkam, Mettuppalaiyam, Ayalchery, V.G.V Nagar, Kamraj Nagar

|-

|S51

|M.G.R Koyambedu (C.M.B.T)

|Nolambur Shakthi Nagar

|Rohini Theatre, Rohini Theatre, Nerkundram, Moggappair, J.J Nagar West

|-

|S52

|Avadi

|Thiruverkadu

|Iyankulam, Paruthipattu, Ayyappan Madam

|-

|S53

|Ambathur I.E

|Maduravoyal

|J.J Nagar West, Nolambur, Ayanambakkam, Vanagaram

|-

|S54TCT

|Porur

|Chembarambakkam

|Iyyappanthangal, Kumanan Chavadi, Poonamallee, Nazarathpet

|-

|<s>S54V (CT)</s>

|Poonamallee

|Veppampattu

|Nazarathpet, Thirumazhisai, Vellavedu, Puduchatram, Perumalpattu

|-

|S55

|Ambathur R.S

|Thirumullaivoyal Sidco

|Ambathur O.T, Thirumullaivoyal, Thirumullaivoyal Venkatachalam Nagar, Arrikambedu, Kattur

|-

|S56

|Thiruvottriyur

|Manali

|Wimco Nagar, Mullai Nagar, M.F.L, Manali Market

|-

|S58

|Ambathur I.E

|Thirumullaivoyal Colony

|Ambathur Dairy, Pattaravakkam R.S, Ambathur R.S, Ambathur O.T, Saraswathi Nagar, Devi Eswari Nagar

|-

|S59

|Mangadu

|Thiruverkadu

|Amman Nagar, Kattupakkam, Madhiravedu, Perumal Koil

|-

|S60

|M.G.R Koyambedu (C.M.B.T)

|Maduravoyal Erikari

|Rohini Theatre, Rohini Theatre, Nerkundram, Sakthi Nagar, Nesamal Nagar, Mettukuppam

|-

|S62

|Perambur

|Manali

|Perambur Market, Moolakadai, Kodungaiyur, Parvathi Nagar, Sekadu, Manali Market

|-

|S63

|Moolakadai

|Manali

|Erukanchery, Sidco, Selaivayal, Balaji Palayam, Manali Market

|-

|S64

|Perambur

|Assisi Nagar

|Perambur Market, Moolakadai, Madhavaram, Agarsen College

|-

|S66

|Kundrathur

|Pallavaram

|Manikam Nagar, Metro Grand City, Andakuppam, Anakaputhur, Pammal

|-

|<s>S68</s>

|Villivakkam

|Madhavaram (M.M.B.T)

|Srinivasa Nagar, Kolathur, Poompuhar Nagar, Peruvallur Kumaran Nagar, Kangachathiram

|-

|S69

|Airport Metro

|Kundrathur

|Pallavaram, Pammal, Anakaputhur

|-

|S70K

|Thirumangalam Metro

|Korattur Water Canal

|Thirumangalam, Anna Nagar West, Lucas, Korattur, Palla Street

|-

|S73

|Ambathur I.E

|Thiruverkadu

|J.J Nagar West, Nolambur, Vanagram Salai, Manthopu, Koladi, Devi Nagar

|-

|S74

|Pallavaram R.S

|Kilkattalai

|Alamaram, Dhargas

|-

|S75

|Ambathur O.T

|Lucas-TVS

|Ambathur R.S, Alamaram, Menambedu, Ambathur Dairy, Korattur

|-

|S76

|Thiyagaraya Nagar

|St Thomas Mount M.R.T.S

|Saidapet, Little Mount, Guindy, Alandur Metro

|-

|S80

|Tambaram Sanatorium MEPZ

|Thendral Nagar

|
|-

|S81

|Chromepet

|Pozhichallur

|Pallavaram, Pallavaram Cantonment, Pammal Iyyapan Nagar

|-

|S82

|Alandur Metro

|Madipakkam

|Alandur Court, Nanganallur, Moovarsampet, Balaji Nagar, Puzhuthivakkam, Ponniamman Kovil

|-

|S83

|Alandur Metro

|Guru Nanak College

|St Thomas Mount, Adambakkam, Puzhuthivakkam M.R.T.S, Velachery M.R.T.S, Velachery Vijayanagar

|-

|S84

|Alandur Metro

|Porur

|Kathipara, Nandambakkam, Mugalivakkam

|-

|S86

|Thiyagaraya Nagar

|Ramapuram

|Mettupalayam, Ashok Nagar, Nesapakkam

|-

|S87

|M.G.R Koyambedu (C.M.B.T)

|K.K.Nagar

|Koyambedu Market, Chinmaya Nagar, Virugambakkam, Nesappakkam

|-

|S88A

|Porur

|Nandambakkam Village

|Moulivakkam, Gerugambakkam, Kovur, Thandalam, Kolachery, Kundrathur, Sirukalathur

|-

|<s>S93</s>

|Velachery

|Pallikaranai

|Kaiveli, Kamatchi Hospital, Kamakoti Nagar, Labour Colony

|-

|S94

|Durga Nagar

|Thirumudivakkam Sidco

|Chromepet, Lakshmipuram, Thiruneermalai, Thirumudivakkam

|-

|S95

|Velachery

|Perungudi

|Tharamani M.R.T.S, Kandachavadi

|-

|<s>S96</s>

|Government Estate Metro

|Secretariat

|Triplicane, Anna Square

|-

|S97

|Guindy Metro

|Velachery Vijaya Nagar

|Guindy I.E, Guindy Race Course, Checkpost

|-

|S98

|Little Mount Metro

|Tharamani

|Gandhi Mandapam, Madhya Kailash, Tidel Park

|-

|<s>S99</s>

|Shenoy Nagar Metro

|Thiyagaraya Nagar

|Arun Hotel, Nungambakkam R.S, Loyola College, Mahalingapuram

|-

|S100

|Airport Metro

|Tambaram East

|Pallavaram, Chromepet, Puliyamaram, Tambaram Sanatorium R.S

|-

|S145

|Ayanavaram

|M.G.R Koyambedu (C.M.B.T)

|Sayani, Ayanavaram Maternity Hospital, Veerasamy Main Road, V.O.C Nagar, Anna Nagar East Metro, Santhi Colony, Naduvankarai Bridge

|-

|S165

|Pallavaram

|Kovur

|Pammal, Anakaputhur, Tarapakkam, Thandalam

|-

|S166

|Porur

|Manimedu

|Moulivakkam, Gerugambakkam

|-

|S167

|Pallavaram

|Pattur

|Pammal, Pozhichallur, Indira Nagar, Kolapakkam, Moulivakkam

|-

|S169

|Moolakadai

|Tollgate

|M.K.B Nagar, Sidco, Kaviarasu Kannadasan Nagar, Korukkupet, V.O.C Nagar Junction, Tondiarpet

|-

|SC1

|I.O.C

|Tondiarpet

|
|}

=== Secretariat and Rajaji Bhavan Routes ===

These make single trips each in the Morning and Evening serving passengers for [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]] (located at [[Fort St. George]]) or [[Rajaji Bhavan]] (located in [[Besant Nagar]]) and Rest of regular routes

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsable plainrowheaders"

|-

!Route

!Origin

!Destination

!Via

|-

| 11

| [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]]

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]

| [[Pondy Bazaar]], [[D.M.S]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Chepauk]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]]

|-

| 11B

| [[Kalaignar Nagar]]

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Nesapakkam]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Liberty]], [[Palmgrove]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]

|-

| 11E

| [[Kalaignar Nagar]]

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Nesapakkam]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Mambalam]], [[Vani Mahal]], [[Thousand Lights]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[P.Orr & Sons|P.OR.R Sons]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]

|-

| 13A

| [[Kalaignar Nagar]]

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Bharathidasan Colony]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Mettupalayam, Chennai|Mettupalayam]], [[T. Nagar|Thiyagaraya Nagar]], [[Vani Mahal]], [[Thousand Lights]], [[Gopalapuram, Chennai|Gopalapuram]], [[Royapettah]], [[Vivekanandar Illam|Ice House]], [[Triplicane]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]

|-

| 18

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Thandar Nagar]]

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Chepauk]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]]

|-

| 21G

| [[Besant Nagar]]

| [[Tambaram]]

| [[Rajaji Bhavan]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Raj Bhavan]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Alandur metro station|Alandur Metro]], [[Pallavaram]], [[Chromepet]]

|-

| 21Lx

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Kilkattalai]]

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Checkpost (India)|Checkpost]], [[Velachery]], [[Kaiveli]], [[Sadasivam Nagar]]

|-

| 21M

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Kovur, Chennai|Kovur]]

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Marina Beach]], [[Q.M.C]], [[Santhome]], [[Foreshore Estate]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Nandambakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Moulivakkam]], [[Gerugambakkam]]

|-

| 26x

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Kundrathur]]

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Chepauk]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Anna Flyover|Gemini]], [[Palmgrove]], [[Liberty]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Valasaravakkam]], [[Porur]], [[Periyapanicherry]], [[Kolachery]]

|-

| 29F

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]

| [[Perambur]]

| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Chepauk]], [[Pudupet]], [[Egmore]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[Purasaivakkam]], [[Doveton]], [[Otteri]], [[Jamaliya]]

|-

| 53x

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Sriperumbudur]]

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Aminjikarai]], [[Arumbakkam]], [[Rohini Theatre]], [[Maduravoyal]], [[Velappanchavadi]], [[Kumanan Chavadi]], [[Poonamallee]], [[Nazarathpet]], [[Thirumazhisai]], [[Chembarambakkam]], [[Chettipedu]], [[Irungattukottai]], [[Karathangal]]

|-
| 71C

|[[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]

|[[Sidco Nagar]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Egmore Railway Station|Egmore North]], [[Dasaprakash]], [[K.M.C]], [[Kilpauk Garden]], [[V.O.C. Nagar]]
|-

| 78

| [[Besant Nagar]]

| [[Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G.R Bus Terminus|M.G.R Koyambedu]]

| [[Rajaji Bhavan]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Madhya Kailash]], [[Anna University]], [[Raj Bhavan]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Ekkattuthangal]], [[Ashok Pillar]], [[Vadapalani]], [[Arumbakkam Metro]]

|-

| 88K

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]

| [[Kundrathur]]

| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Chepauk]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Guindy]], [[Kathipara]], [[Ramapuram, Chennai|Ramapuram]], [[Porur]], [[Periyapanicherry]], [[Kolachery]]

|-

| 109

| [[Besant Nagar]]

| [[Kovalam]]

| [[Shastri Nagar, Chennai|Shastri Nagar]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]], [[Thiruvanmiyur]], [[Palavakkam]], [[Injambakkam]], [[Akkarai]], [[Uthandi]], [[Muttukadu]]
|-
| 142
|[[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]
|[[Vinayagapuram]]
|[[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Aragadam]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Vyasarpadi Jeeva]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]], [[Kolathur, Chennai|Kolathur]], [[Retteri]]
|-

| A1

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]

| [[Thiruvanmiyur]]

| [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Chepauk]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[Royapettah]], [[Mylapore]], [[Mandaveli]], [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]]

|-

| A51x

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Paduvanchery]]

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]], [[Anna Memorial|Anna Square]], [[Chepauk]], [[LIC Building|L.I.C]], [[D.M.S]], [[Teynampet]], [[Nandanam]], [[Saidapet]], [[Little Mount metro station|Little Mount]], [[Velachery]], [[Pallikaranai]], [[Medavakkam]], [[Ponmar]]

|-
| A57

| [[Broadway bus terminus|Broadway]]

| [[Padianallur]]

| [[Chennai Beach|Beach Railway Station]], [[Vallalar Nagar]], [[Vyasarpadi]], [[Moolakadai]], [[Madhavaram Mofussil Bus Terminus|Madhavaram]], [[Puzhal]], [[Sengundram|Redhills]]
|-

| PP42

| [[Secretariat Park|Secretariat]]

| [[Agaram]]

| [[Chennai Central railway station|M.G.R Central]], [[Choolai]], [[Aragadam]], [[Pulianthope]], [[Vyasarpadi Jeeva]], [[Perambur]], [[Venus]]

|}

== Reference ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Lists of bus routes in India]]
[[Category:Transport in Chennai]]

Srivinay Salian

2026-05-01T21:44:26Z

Maleeha: started.

{{short description|Indian film director}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Srivinay Salian
| image = Filmmaker-srivinay-salian-bts-ad shoot.jpg
| caption= Srivinay Salian during an AD Film Shoot
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1976|06|13|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Mumbai]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = [[screenwriter]], [[Film director]], [[Film producer]]
| years_active = 2007–present
| children =
| homepage = [http://www.srivinaysalian.com/ www.srivinaysalian.com]
}}
'''Srivinay Salian''' (born 13 June 1976 in [[Mumbai|Mumbai, India]]) is an Indian [[Screenwriter|television]] and [[Screenwriter|film writer]] and an [[independent filmmaker]].

Srivinay Salian (aka ''Sreevinay Salian'') started his career with [[Percept Picture Company]], as an animation script writer for their show, 'New Adventures of Hanuman'. Later, he went on to write other animation teleseries, such as ''Chatur Chetan'' for Dreams Studio (Hyderabad, India) and [[Howzzattt]] series for Toonz Animation. ''Chatur Chetan'', received the Best TV Series 2013 award at the 24FPS International Animation Awards festival.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maacindia.com/events/24-fps.htm |title=24FPS International Animation Awards - maacindia.com|publisher=Maac Academy|access-date=29 December 2013}}</ref>

Srivinay Salian has co-produced an independent film titled, ''Red Gold'', along with Gray Area Productions (LA, USA). Red Gold is a social crime drama written and directed by an American filmmaker, ''Michael Keller''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5737889/ |title=Michael Keller's IMDB profile |website=[[IMDb]] |access-date=29 December 2013}}</ref> ''Red Gold'' was profiled in ''New Jersey Stage''<ref>{{cite news|title=Red Gold to Premier at Garden State Film Festival|url=http://www.newjerseystage.com/articles/getarticle.php?ID=3153|work=[[New Jersey Stage]]}}</ref> and is set to premiere at the Garden State Film Festival in Atlantic City, N.J. on Saturday, 5 April.<ref>{{cite news|title=Garden State Film Festival - Schedule|url=http://gsff.festivalgenius.com/2014/films/redgold_michaelkeller_gsff2014|publisher=Garden State Film Festival}}</ref>

Srivinay Salian was also the writer for ''[[Off Road with Gul Panag]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.discoverychannel.co.in/off-road-with-gul-panag/ |title=Off Road with Gul Panag' Official Site: Latest News }}</ref> an infotainment adventure documentary hosted by Gul Panag on the [[Discovery Channel]].

Srivinay Salian has also written two episodes for the Horror TV Series, '''Fear Files 2''',<ref>{{cite news|title=Fear Files 2: ZEE TV Show|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/fear-files-2/|publisher=ZEETV.COM}}</ref> titled '''Mangalik''' and '''Ghunghroo''',<ref>{{cite news|title=Fear Files 2 - Episode 3 - May 2, 2015 - Full Episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/fear-files-2/video/fear-files-2-episode-3-may-2-2015-full-episode.html|publisher=ZEETV.COM}}</ref> produced by '''BBC Worldwide India'''. The show was aired in 2015 on [[Zee TV]], a prime entertainment channel in India.

He has written a short story (mini novel) titled, ''The Shoelace'',<ref>{{cite book|title=The Shoelace - By Srivinay Salian|isbn=978-1304378941|last1=Salian|first1=Srivinay|date=October 2013}}</ref> which is "a psychological & metaphysical thriller".

Srivinay is also Writer & Director of a Short Film title 'Stripped',<ref>{{cite news|title=This Video Captures The Drastic Emotional Effects That Street Harassment Can Have On Women|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/regajha/stripped|publisher=Buzzfeed}}</ref> which explores the Women Objectification issue in the society, by way of Ogling. [[Hindustan Times]], Bhopal,<ref>{{cite news|title=Short film Stripped by Bhopal filmmaker goes viral on internet|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/worldcinema/short-film-stripped-by-bhopal-filmmaker-goes-viral-on-internet/article1-1359353.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616201027/http://www.hindustantimes.com/worldcinema/short-film-stripped-by-bhopal-filmmaker-goes-viral-on-internet/article1-1359353.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 June 2015|publisher=HT Media Limited}}</ref> reported that the film had gone viral shortly after its release on YouTube.

His short experimental film, '''Main Hindustaan Hoon ~ I am India''', received very positive critical reviews from viewers as well as independent online news portal - india.com.

{{Blockquote|text="The powerful poem in the backdrop, strengthens the story, Main Hindustan Hoon which has an impeccable impact leaves us startled. The short film is Written, Directed & Edited by Srivinay Salian who has also penned the powerful poetry."|sign='''Aishwarya Krishnan'''|source=''India.com''<ref>{{cite web|title=Happy Republic Day 2017: Short film Main Hindustan Hoon will urge you to make a difference|url=http://www.india.com/buzz/happy-republic-day-2017-short-film-main-hindustan-hoon-will-urge-you-to-make-a-difference-watch-video-1782103/|access-date=1 July 2017}}</ref>}}

'''Richard Propes''' of The ''Independent Critic'' reviewed '''Stripped''' as a thought-provoking short film.
{{Blockquote|text= "While I wouldn't dare be dramatic enough to say that Salian gives the audience a sense of Ana's experience, the truth is that Salian doesn't worry about making us comfortable with what Ana endures."|sign='''Richard Propes'''|source=''The Independent Critic''<ref>{{cite web|title=The Independent Critic - Stripped - a Thought-Provoking Short Film|url=http://www.theindependentcritic.com/stripped|publisher=The Independent Critic|access-date=6 May 2015}}</ref>}}

He is also the screenwriter of '''Adventures of Appu & Gappu''', a 3D Animation film, produced by '''Magic Wand Animation'''.<ref>{{cite news|title=::: Education Expo :::Result 5th DSPFF-15: Feature, Animation, Ads, Music Videos, School Section|url=http://educationexpo.tv/dadasahebphalkefilmfestival/news.php?id=MTk1|publisher=Education Expo}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=appu and gappu - Maharashtra Times|url=http://maharashtratimes.indiatimes.com/cine-news/appu-and-gappu/articleshow/52107368.cms|publisher=maharashtratimes}}</ref>

==Feature films==
*''[[Hacked (film)|Hacked (2020)]]'' (as Dialogue Writer)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/hina-khan-film-hacked-trailer-6225818/|title=Hacked trailer: Hina Khan is a victim of an obsessive lover|date=2020-01-20|website=The Indian Express|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-09}}</ref>
*''[[Ghost (2019 film)|Ghost (2019)]]'' (as Dialogue Writer)
*''[[Rakkhosh (2019 film)|Rakkhosh]]'' (as Writer & Co-Director)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/rakkhosh-a-psychological-thriller-where-the-camera-is-the-lead-character/cid/1703679|title=Rakkhosh: A psychological thriller where the camera is the lead character|website=www.telegraphindia.com|language=en|access-date=2020-02-09}}</ref>
*''Red Gold'' (Producer).<ref>{{cite news|title=Red Gold - Cast & Crew List|url=http://www.redgoldthefilm.com/crw.html|publisher=RedGold Official Website|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716204806/http://redgoldthefilm.com/crw.html|archive-date=2014-07-16}}</ref>
*''Adventures of Appu & Gappu'' (Screenwriter).<ref>{{cite web|title=Magic Wand Animation|url=http://magicwandanimation.com/magic/|publisher=Magic Wand Animation Official Website}}</ref>

==Web series==
*''Twisted 2''
*''Maaya 2''
*''Zakhmi''
*''Zindabaad'' (as Dialogue Writer) <ref>{{cite web|title=Review of Vikram Bhatt's Zindabaad: Captivating revenge drama with heavy dose of patriotic fervour|url=http://www.iwmbuzz.com/digital/editorial-digital/iwmbuzz-com-reviews-the-vikram-bhatt-series-zindabaad-which-has-bhatt-and-sanaya-irani-in-lead-roles/2018/09/15|publisher=IWMBuzz.com |access-date=16 September 2018}}</ref>
*''Unafraid'' (Season 2)

==TV shows==
*''[[Off Road with Gul Panag]]'' (Season 1)
*''Fear Files 2'' ([[Zee TV]])<ref>{{cite news|title=Srivinay Salian - IMDb|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4015368/|publisher=IMDB}}</ref>

==Teleserials (animation)==
*''New Adventures of Hanuman'' (Season 1,2)
*''Chatur Chetan'' (Season 1)
*''[[Howzzattt]]'' (Season 1)

==Short films==
*''Stripped'' (Writer/Director).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4604464|title=Stripped(2015)|publisher=IMDB|access-date=21 April 2015}}</ref>
*''Tezaab'' (Director/Editor).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6030678|title=Tezaab(2017)|publisher=IMDB}}</ref>
*''Main Hindustan Hoon'' (Director/Editor).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7089874|title=Main Hindustan Hoon(2017)|publisher=IMDB}}</ref>
*''Blue Brave Heart'' (Writer/Director/Cinematographer/Editor).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7090456|title=Blue Brave Heart(2017)|publisher=IMDB}}</ref>

==Literary works==
*{{cite book | title=The Shoelace| year=2013| publisher=Lulu}} (Fiction)<ref>{{cite book | title=The Shoelace| last=Salian| first=Srivinay| year=2013| page=36| publisher=Lulu|isbn=978-1304378941}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|4015368}}
*[http://srivinaysalian.com/ Srivinay Salian's Official Website]
*[http://bollywooddiary.wordpress.com/ Srivinay Salian's Blog]
*[http://storyv.com/unique-india-travel-tips/ Interview on StoryV Travel & Lifestyle]
*[https://applefora.com/blog/writer-filmmaker-srivinay-salian-career-story/ Interview on appleforA.com]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Salian, Srivinay}}
[[Category:1976 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Screenwriters from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Indian male novelists]]
[[Category:Hindi-language Indian writers]]
[[Category:Indian male screenwriters]]
[[Category:Indian male short story writers]]
[[Category:Film producers from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Film directors from Mumbai]]

Vineeth Vincent

2026-04-29T12:28:55Z

Maleeha: done

{{Short description|Indian beatboxer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Vineeth Vincent
| image = VineethVincentU25.jpg
| caption = Vineeth Vincent
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1989|7|9}}
| occupation = Beatbox artist
| genre = [[Beatbox]]
| years_active = 2008–present
| label = Unsigned artist
| instrument = Human Voice
}}

'''Vineeth Vincent'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/601510/on-my-pinboard-vineeth-vincent.html|title=On my pinboard - Vineeth Vincent|website=Deccan Herald|date=15 March 2017 |access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref> (born 9 July 1989) is a [[Beatboxer]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Vineeth Vincent: Making Music & Chasing Dreams|date=2 November 2015 |url=https://www.scoopwhoop.com/inothernews/beat-boxer-vineeth-vincent/#.e8re1r9hj}}</ref> [[Musician]], [[emcee]] and [[performing art]]ist from [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]], India. He is considered one of the biggest beatboxers in India.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.scoopwhoop.com/inothernews/beat-boxer-vineeth-vincent/#.4s8omnxdo|title=Making Music & Chasing Dreams, This Bangalore-Based Beat Boxer Is Making It Big In Style|last=ScoopWhoop|date=2015-11-02|work=ScoopWhoop|access-date=2018-03-28|language=En}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.universityex.com/stories/vineeth-vincent-christ/|title=In conversation with Vineeth Vincent, a former world record holder - University Express|website=www.universityex.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref>

== Career ==
Vineeth Vincent started off as a professional<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/locality/bengaluru-north/%E2%80%98don%E2%80%99t-work-free%E2%80%99-says-bangalore-based-beatboxer-vineeth-vincent-other-artists-68057|title='Don't work for free,' says Bangalore based beatboxer Vineeth Vincent to other artists|date=2015-08-28|work=dna|access-date=2018-03-28|language=en-US}}</ref> emcee in Bangalore during May 2007. In 2008, he took a year off from his studies<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/lounge//articleshow/21448562.cms|title=Off the beat-en path - Bangalore Mirror -|work=Bangalore Mirror|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://punemirror.indiatimes.com/news/india//articleshow/32154543.cms?|title=Duo that beat all odds - Pune Mirror -|work=Pune Mirror|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref> at [[Christ University]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allevents.in/bangalore/beatbox-slam-feat-vineeth-vincent/1121224257911077|title=Beatbox Slam feat. Vineeth Vincent.|website=allevents.in|language=en|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref> to pay more attention to music and [[beatboxing]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/the-entertainer/article7461675.ece|title=The entertainer|last1=Rodricks|first1=Allan Moses|date=2015-07-25|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-03-28|last2=Rodricks|first2=Allan Moses|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://misfits.io/vineeth-vincent-josh-talks-2016/|title=Vineeth Vincent: I Don't Believe I'm Excellent At Beatboxing, I'm A Decent Entertainer And believe It Is That What Sells {{!}} Misfits Media|date=2016-10-15|work=Misfits Media|access-date=2018-03-28|language=en-US}}</ref> He spent a month at [[Mrinalini Sarabhai]]'s [[Darpana Academy of Performing Arts]] in Ahmedabad, where he mingled with artists<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://beboldpeople.com/2016/10/14/a-powerhouse-entertainer-vineeth-vincent-keeping-audiences-enthralled-with-his-many-talents/|title=Powerhouse Entertainer|last=Vineeth Vincent}}</ref> and had the chance to experiment with beatboxing.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/just-beat-it-beat-it/article2110036.ece|title=Just beat it, beat it…|last=Sarkar|first=Neeti|date=2011-06-16|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-03-28|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/lounge/Boots-cuts-beats/articleshow/21844130.cms|title='˜Boots cuts' beats - Bangalore Mirror -|work=Bangalore Mirror|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref> He returned to Bangalore<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/i-thank-%20bengalureans-who-%20make-this-%20city-worth-%20living-musician-%20vineeth-vincent/articleshow/49947699.cms|title=I thank Bengalureans who make this city worth living: Musician Vineeth Vincent|date=2015-11-29|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref> and has been working since 2008 as a professional beatboxer.<ref>{{Citation|last=Josh Talks|title=Let's Learn How To Beatbox! {{!}} Vineeth Vincent|date=2017-07-11|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8EhMd3i8SE|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref><ref name=vin01 /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/purity-of-music-or-cool-quotient-turntables-are-making-a-comeback/articleshow/60254207.cms?amp;utm_medium=text&|title=Purity of music or cool quotient? Turntables are making a comeback|last=Basu|first=Ipsita|date=2017-08-28|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref>

He performed with The Boxettes in 2010 and Austrian beatboxing group [[Bauchklang]] in 2009 among many other artists and bands.<ref name="article.wn.com">{{Cite web|url=https://article.wn.com/view/2011/12/15/Artistes_are_capable_of_moulding_young_minds_Vineeth_Vincent/|title=Artistes are capable of moulding young minds: Vineeth Vincent|website=article.wn.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref><ref name=vin01>{{cite web |title=Vineeth Vincent beats it up!| url=http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report_vineeth-vincent-beats-it-up_1538194| access-date=2011-06-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Boots cuts' beats |url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/article/31/2010062620100626172935138bb2523e/%E2%80%98Boots-cuts%E2%80%99-beats.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317052831/http://www.bangaloremirror.com/article/31/2010062620100626172935138bb2523e/%E2%80%98Boots-cuts%E2%80%99-beats.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 March 2012 | access-date=2011-06-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Beat the music|url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2008/oct/301008-beat-music-vocalist-vineeth-boxing-album-bangalore-news.htm| access-date=2011-06-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title= Just beat it, beat it… |url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2011/06/17/stories/2011061751310800.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617232602/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2011/06/17/stories/2011061751310800.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 June 2011| access-date=2011-06-17 | location=Chennai, India |work= [[The Hindu]] |date=17 June 2011}}</ref> In the search for beatboxing talent<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.windows.com/devices/2015/04/16/life-meets-lumia-beatboxer-vineeth-vincent/|title=Life meets #Lumia: beatboxer Vineeth Vincent - Microsoft Devices BlogMicrosoft Devices Blog|website=blogs.windows.com|date=16 April 2015 |language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref><ref name="Vineeth Vincent">{{Cite web|url=http://tedxwalledcity.com/speakers/speaker/20-vineeth-vincent|title=Vineeth Vincent|website=tedxwalledcity.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref> by the [[British Council]] Library (BCL),<ref>{{cite web|title=Voctronica Announces Top Fifteen|url=http://soundpad.britishcouncil.org.in/voctronica-announces-top-fifteen/ |publisher=British Council|access-date=10 November 2012}}</ref> He was selected as part of the final eight and performed with Voctronica.<ref>{{cite web |last=Khan |first=Sahil |title=Voctronica: Beat Boxing Taught and Performed |url=http://thetossedsalad.com/2012/01/voctronica-beat-boxing-taught-and-performed/ |work=The Tossed Salad |access-date=10 November 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.moonarra.com/tribute-to-legends-concert.php|title=MoonArra World Fusion|website=www.moonarra.com|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref> Vineeth Vincent was given the duty of Cultural Secretary<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ullas|first1=Sruthy Susan|title=Fests get a professional touch|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/Fests-get-a-professional-touch/articleshow/7414734.cms|access-date=14 July 2014|agency=Times of India|date=3 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Rashmi|first1=Samragni|title=Who said mics are for just talking?|url=http://www.coolage.in/2010/12/26/who-said-mics-are-for-just-talking/|access-date=14 July 2014|agency=CoolAge.in|date=26 December 2010}}</ref> to lead the cultural activities at [[Christ University]] during the academic year 2010–11 and during this period two world records were initiated.

By the end of 2017, Vineeth had over 1250 shows in his credit, held two titles, one for [[Guinness Book of World Records]], and one for [[Limca Book of World Records|Limca book of world records]], spoken four times at [[TED (conference)|TEDx]], and two times at [[Josh Talks]], and hosted and performed at MI Talks, [[Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.rediff.com/getahead/report/achievers-beatboxing-beatboxer-pushing-limits-of-human-voice-to-find-popularity/20170926.htm|title=Pushing limits of human voice to find popularity|work=Rediff|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.designyatra.com/moderator/vineeth-vincent/|title=Vineeth Vincent {{!}} Kyoorius Designyatra|website=www.designyatra.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref>

Vineeth's collaboration with other artistes resulted in SaxBox, which has a saxophonist and two beatboxers.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sukumar |first1=Sneha K |title=Too 'Sax'y for the beat! |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/music/110417/too-saxy-for-the-beat.html |website=Deccan Chronicle |date=11 April 2017 |access-date=28 November 2020}}</ref>

==Issues ==
Vineeth has been vocal against the exploitation of artists and has asked artists not to perform for free despite the pressure.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Vidyasagar|first1=Prashanth|title=Money to perform? Not in this city|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/music/Money-to-perform-Not-in-this-city/articleshow/47366209.cms|access-date=7 October 2015|publisher=Bangalore Mirror|date=21 May 2015}}</ref> In this regard, he has experimented with alternate business models in the music and culture industry. His first endeavour was 'Beat route beta run' wherein he and three others travelled across the country while doing performances. In July 2015, he set out on a 5000 km solo bike ride across India, including Delhi, Pune, Mumbai, Kochi and Goa, and performed at multiple preset and random locations enroute.<ref>{{cite news|last1=RODRICKS|first1=ALLAN MOSES|title=The Entertainer|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/the-entertainer/article7461675.ece|access-date=4 October 2015|date=25 July 2015}}</ref>

== World record ==

On 10 January 2011, Christ Junior College, Bangalore, under ensemble director Vineeth Vincent, in an event titled 'Can You Say Beat Box?' created the largest human beatbox ensemble in the Limca Book of Records with 2136 participants.<ref>{{cite web | title=WR: Largest human beat box ensemble | url= http://www.limcabookofrecords.in/subcategory_detailed.asp?cat=Music&id=12 | access-date=2012-03-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=This world record will be a mouthful | url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2011/jan/100111-News-Bangalore-Christ-University-beat-boxing-Vineeth-Vincent.htm| access-date=2011-06-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Christ College Sets National Beatboxing Record | url=http://nh7.in/indiecision/2011/01/13/christ-college-sets-national-beatboxing-record/ | access-date=2011-06-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title= Christ University students attempt record in beatboxing |url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/11/stories/2011011162820400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109230229/http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/11/stories/2011011162820400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 November 2012| access-date=2011-06-01 | location=Chennai, India | work= [[The Hindu]] | date=11 January 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Christ Junior College beatboxers aim to set a new record |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/bangalore/report_christ-junior-college-beatboxers-aim-to-set-a-new-record_1492618 | access-date=2011-06-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/bangalore/report-christ-junior-college-beatboxers-aim-to-set-a-new-record-1492618|title=Christ Junior College beatboxers aim to set a new record {{!}} Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis|date=2011-01-10|work=dna|access-date=2018-03-28|language=en-US}}</ref>

According to the [[Guinness World Records]], the previous record for the largest human beatbox ensemble involved 1,246 participants and was achieved by Vineeth Vincent and [[Christ University]] (India) in [[Bangalore]], Karnataka, [[India]], on 5 February 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.mid-day.com/news/2011/jan/100111-News-Bangalore-Christ-University-beat-boxing-Vineeth-Vincent.htm|title=This world record will be a mouthful|website=archive.mid-day.com|access-date=2018-03-28}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> This record was broken by [[Shlomo (human beatbox)|Shlomo]] on 14 November 2011 with 2,081 participants.<ref>{{cite web|title=Largest human beatbox ensemble |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/records-2000/largest-human-beatbox-ensemble/ | access-date=2012-03-27}}</ref>

== Festivals and speaker platforms ==
* Vineeth Vincent is the official host and beat boxer of the Under 25 Summit<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/viral-and-trending/240118/cheers-to-a-young-world.html|title=Cheers to a young world!|date=2018-01-24|newspaper=Deccan Chronicle|access-date=2018-03-28|language=en}}</ref>
* He performed with The Austrian beat boxing group [[Bauchklang]] in 2009 and the Boxettes in 2010 among many other artists and bands.
* Vineeth was speaker and beat boxer at [[TED (conference)|TEDxNITK]]<ref>{{cite web|title=NITK to host 2nd edition of TEDx event tomorrow|date=27 October 2012 |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/288092/nitk-host-2nd-edition-tedx.html|access-date=27 October 2012}}</ref> where he took to the stage alongside [[Brodha V]] on 28 October 2012.
* Vineeth has been a [[TED (conference)|TEDx]] speaker four times. He has spoken and performed at TEDxTirupathi <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/tedx-tirupati-on-aug-18/article3752581.ece|title='TEDx Tirupati' on Aug. 18|author=Staff Reporter|date=2012-08-11|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-03-28|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> in 2012. TEDxWalledCity in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|title=TEDxWalledCity|url=http://tedxwalledcity.com/speakers/speaker/20-vineeth-vincent|access-date=6 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=TEDxWalledCity|url=https://www.ted.com/tedx/events/17636|access-date=6 December 2015}}</ref>
* He has been a speaker and a performer for two Josh Talks' events held in Bangalore, in 2015 and Delhi, in 2016.<ref>{{cite news|title=Josh Talks LEAP: Creating a new wave of enthusiasm|newspaper=Business Standard India |date=22 October 2016 |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/josh-talks-leap-creating-a-new-wave-of-enthusiasm-116102200574_1.html|access-date=22 October 2016}}</ref>
* Vineeth completed 1,250 shows as of December, 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/As-ideas-come-together/article16443707.ece|title=As ideas come together|last=Varma|first=Nikhil|date=2016-11-12|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref>
* He was the official [[emcee]], moderator and beat boxer at Kyoorius Design Yatra 2016, held in Jaipur and 2017, held in Goa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Design Yatra 2016|url=https://www.johnsonbanks.co.uk/news/design-yatra-2016|access-date=11 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kyoorius Designyatra: Spotlight on relevance, context, impact & change|url=https://www.adgully.com/kyoorius-designyatra-spotlight-on-relevance-context-impact-change-69051.html|access-date=30 September 2016}}</ref>
* Adding further to this list, Vineeth has hosted and performed at MI talks, Delhi held on 18 August 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/Rocking-with-the-original-gurus/article15376608.ece|title=Rocking with the original gurus|last=R|first=Allan Moses|date=2011-02-10|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref>
* He was the host and beat boxer for the launch of Namma Bengaluru logo at the Namma Bengaluru Habba, held on 24 Dec 2017, in front of [[Vidhana Soudha]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Bengaluru celebrates its cultural diversity| url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2017/dec/25/bengaluru-celebrates-its-culture-diversity-1736274.html|access-date=25 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Celebrate spirit of B'luru on Sunday| url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2017/dec/22/celebrate-spirit-of-bluru-on-sunday-1734093.html|access-date=22 December 2017}}</ref>

== Judging/ Representing India ==
Vineeth represented India on the Judge's panel for the first ever ‘India Beat boxing championship which was held from 6 to 9 December 2016 in Nagaland. He was one of the five judges who came from across the globe to judge the battle.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2016/dec/05/city-boy-to-judge-all-india-beatboxing-championship-1545955.html|title=City boy to judge all India beatboxing championship|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=2018-03-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://rollingstoneindia.com/hornbill-music-festival-to-host-inaugural-beatbox-championship/|title=Hornbill Music Festival to Host Beatbox Championship This Year -|date=2016-12-05|work=Rolling Stone India|access-date=2018-03-28|language=en-US}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
* [http://vineethvincent.com/ Official Site]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vr2n5RyaCwo Vineeth Vincent at TEDxBMS]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1cW_Rjk0o0o Vineeth Vincent feat. Vineeth Kumar at TEDxTirupathi]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vincent, Vineeth}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1989 births]]
[[Category:Beatboxers]]
[[Category:Christ University alumni]]

Dimpy Bhalotia

2026-04-28T12:34:30Z

Maleeha: Adding Article!

{{Short description|Indian photographer}}
{{Infobox artist
| name = Dimpy Bhalotia
| birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1987}}
| known_for = [[Photography]]
| style = [[Street Photography]]
| awards = Photographer of the Year, iPhone Photography Awards, 2020<ref>{{cite web|first1=Alexandra|last1=Garrett|access-date=2022-08-17|title=This year's iPhone Photography Award winners showcase 'powerful worldviews'|url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/this-years-iphone-photography-award-winners-showcase-powerful-worldviews/|website=CNET}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|www.dimpybhalotia.com}}
| alma_mater = [[London college of fashion]], [[University of the Arts London]]
}}
'''Dimpy Bhalotia''' (born 1987)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dimpy Bhalotia |url=https://www.dimpybhalotia.com/about/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Dimpy Bhalotia |language=en}}</ref> is an Indian [[Street photography|street photographer]] based in London<ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |title=Mumbai-Born Dimpy Bhalotia Wins Photographer of the Year at the 2020 iPhone Photography Awards For 'Flying Boys' {{!}} India.com |url=https://www.india.com/viral/mumbai-born-dimpy-bhalotia-wins-photographer-of-the-year-at-the-2020-iphone-photography-awards-for-flying-boys-4091817/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=www.india.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Jessica |date=2021-09-24 |title=Using smartphones for street photography |url=https://www.amateurphotographer.co.uk/latest/photo-news/smartphones-for-street-photography-154272 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Amateur Photographer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-23 |title=Mumbai woman's photo 'Flying Boys' shot on iPhone X wins IPPAWARDS 2020 |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/specials/mumbai-womans-photo-flying-boys-shot-on-iphone-x-wins-ippawards-2020-864710.html |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> and [[Mumbai]]. In 2020, she was one of the winners of the ''[[British Journal of Photography]]''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Female in Focus Award,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-10-29 |title='Fearlessness and freedom': winners from the Female in Focus awards – in pictures |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2020/oct/29/fearlessness-and-freedom-winners-from-the-female-in-focus-awards-in-pictures |access-date=2022-08-17 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> and won the Grand Prize Award in the [[iPhone Photography Awards]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-07-22 |title=Perspective {{!}} These are the winners of the 13th annual iPhone Photography Awards |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/photography/2020/07/22/these-are-winners-13th-annual-iphone-photography-awards/ |access-date=2024-01-18 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en}}</ref>

== Life and work ==
Bhalotia was born and grew up in Mumbai, India. After school, she moved to London and gained a BA in [[Fashion design|Fashion Design]] Technology: Womenswear from the [[London College of Fashion]], [[University of the Arts London]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dimpy Bhalotia |url=https://www.platform-mag.com/art/dimpy-bhalotia.html |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=www.platform-mag.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Asto |first=Joy Celine |date=2018-12-29 |title=Dimpy Bhalotia: Pure Black and White Street Photography of Life's Beauty |url=https://www.thephoblographer.com/2018/12/29/dimpy-bhalotia-street-photography/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=The Phoblographer |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=Fairclough>{{Cite web |last=Fairclough |first=Steve |date=2022-03-08 |title=12 top UK woman photographers you must follow |url=https://www.amateurphotographer.co.uk/latest/photo-news/12-top-uk-woman-photographers-you-must-follow-161884 |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=Amateur Photographer}}</ref>

Her work has appeared in ''The Guardian'',<ref>{{Cite news |last=Holliday |first=Grace |date=2021-11-20 |title=Dog days: Dimpy Bhalotia's best phone pictures |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/nov/20/dimpy-bhalotia-best-phone-pictures-dogs |access-date=2024-01-18 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> ''The Washington Post'',<ref>{{Cite news |title=Washington Post |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/photography/2020/07/22/these-are-winners-13th-annual-iphone-photography-awards/}}</ref> ''The Telegraph''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dimpy Bhalotia captures her world through 'a lightweight butter slice' called the iPhone, which has also fetched her a top prize |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/science-tech/dimpy-bhalotia-captures-her-world-through-a-lightweight-butter-slice-called-the-iphone-which-has-also-fetched-her-a-top-prize/cid/1787474 |access-date=2024-01-18 |website=www.telegraphindia.com |language=en}}</ref>, ''L'Officiel''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chopra |first=Eshika |title=The Success Story Of An Award-Winning Photographer, Dimpy Bhalotia! {{!}} L'Officiel |url=https://lofficiel.in/2021/10/25/the-success-story-of-an-award-winning-photographer-dimpy-bhalotia/ |access-date=2024-01-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> and ''Mare'' <ref>Andrea Walter, ''Hundstage'', in: [[Mare (Zeitschrift)|Mare]], Nummer 174, 02/2026, S. 90-101</ref>. The [[paperback]] edition of the novel ''[[Djinn Patrol on the Purple Line]]'' (2021) by Deepa Anappara used photographs by Bhalotia in its cover design.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-23 |title=The book covers that almost were |url=https://www.penguin.co.uk/articles/2021/02/the-book-covers-that-almost-were/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=www.penguin.co.uk |language=en}}</ref>

== Awards ==
* 2019: 2nd Place, Italian Street Photo Festival<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISPF Finalists Contests 2019 |url=https://2022.italianstreetphotofestival.com/finalists-contest-2019/ |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=italianstreetphotofestival.com |language=it-IT}}</ref>
* 2019: 1st Place, The Independent Photographer<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winners: 2019 Black & White Award |url=https://independent-photo.com/themes/november-2019/ |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=The Independent Photographer |language=en}}</ref>
* 2019: 2nd place, series, iPhone Photography Awards<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-25 |title=2019 Winning Photographers |url=https://www.ippawards.com/2019-winning-photographers/ |access-date=2022-08-12 |language=en-US|website=ippawards.com}}</ref>
* 2019: Grand Winner, Photobox Instagram Photography Awards (PIPA)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-11 |title=Les 10 meilleurs photos Instagram de l'année 2019 |url=https://www.gqmagazine.fr/pop-culture/article/les-10-meilleurs-photos-instagram-de-lannee-2019 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=GQ France |language=fr-FR}}</ref>
* 2019: 1st Place, StreetFoto San Francisco<ref>{{Cite web |title=2019 StreetFoto San Francisco International Street Photography Awards Contest Finalists – StreetFoto |url=https://streetfoto.org/sf2019-contest-finalists/ |access-date=2024-01-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2020: Grand Winner, Paris International Street Photo Awards<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paris International Street Photo Awards - Photo Contest - Categorie Black & White SP Results |url=https://www.streetphotoawards.art/site/winners-gallery/spa-2020/single/black-white |access-date=2024-01-18 |website=www.streetphotoawards.art}}</ref>
* 2020: 1st Place, Gold star Award, ND Awards<ref>{{Cite web |title=Special: Mobile Photography - 1st place gold star award - Dimpy Bhalotia (India) |url=https://ndawards.net/winners-gallery/nd-awards-2020/professional/mobile-photography/773/gold-award/ |access-date=2024-01-18 |website=ndawards.net |language=en}}</ref>
* 2020: 1st Place, Fotografia Alicante Monovisions Award<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dimpy Bhalotia - 1ST Place - Black & White Street Photo of the Year 2020 |url=https://monovisionsawards.com/winners-gallery/monovisions-awards-2020/show/5576/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=monovisionsawards.com |language=en}}</ref>
* 2020: 2nd Place, Oneshot: Movement, International Photography Awards (IPA)<ref>{{Cite web |title=OneShot : Movement Winner / Flying Boys / Dimpy Bhalotia / Dimpy Bhalotia |url=https://photoawards.com/winner/zoom.php?eid=8-184158-19 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=photoawards.com}}</ref>
* 2020: 2nd Place, People, [[International Photography Awards]] (IPA)<ref>{{Cite web |title=IPA 2020 Winner / Flying Boys / Dimpy Bhalotia / Dimpy Bhalotia |url=https://photoawards.com/winner/zoom.php?eid=8-184160-19 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=photoawards.com}}</ref>
* 2020: Grand Prize Winner, Photographer of the Year category, [[iPhone Photography Awards]] (IPPAWARDS)<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2022-08-17|title=Apple Unveils Winners of 2020 iPhone Photography Awards|url=https://hypebeast.com/2020/7/apple-2020-iphone-photography-awards-winners-news|date=23 July 2020|website=Hypebeast}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2022-08-17|title=iPhone Fotoğraf Ödüllerı'nın Kazananlari Açiklandi!|url=https://www.elle.com.tr/extra/kultur-sanat/iphone-fotograf-odullerinin-kazananlari-aciklandi|website=Elle Online}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Gharib |first=Malaka |date=2020-07-25 |title=Prize-Winning Phone Pix Dial Up Moments Of Freedom And Serenity |language=en |work=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/07/25/895020308/prize-winning-phone-pix-dial-up-moments-of-freedom-and-serenity |access-date=2022-08-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=See The Stunning Winning Shots Of The 2020 iPhone Photography Awards |url=https://www.gq.com.au/entertainment/tech/see-the-stunning-winning-shots-of-the-2020-iphone-photography-awards/image-gallery/e19ec0f988a8b6fd8bebc5274f638e69|website=GQ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Garrett |first=Alexandra |title=This year's iPhone Photography Award winners showcase 'powerful worldviews' |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/this-years-iphone-photography-award-winners-showcase-powerful-worldviews/ |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=CNET |language=en}}</ref> for her photograph "Flying Boys" photographed in [[Varanasi|Banaras]], India<ref name="Laurent-22Jul2020">{{cite news |last1=Laurent |first1=Olivier |title=These are the winners of the 13th annual iPhone Photography Awards |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/photography/2020/07/22/these-are-winners-13th-annual-iphone-photography-awards/ |access-date=18 August 2022 |newspaper=Washington Post |date=22 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first1=Jefferson|last1=Graham|access-date=2022-08-17|title=You don't have to use the latest iPhone to win awards. This year's winner used phone introduced in 2017.|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2020/07/27/some-winners-iphone-photography-2020-awards-used-old-iphone-models/5519374002/|website=USA Today}}</ref>
* 2020: Gold in Advertising, Budapest Foto Awards<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gold Winner – We Run, You Fly |url=https://budapestfotoawards.com/winners/bifa/2020/5034/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=budapestfotoawards.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2020: Gold in Special/Smartphone Photography; second place in Special, [[Px3|The Prix de la Photographie]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=PX3 2020 Winner – Flying Boys |url=https://px3.fr/winners/px3/2020/11613/ |access-date=2022-08-12 |language=en-US|website=[[Px3]]}}</ref>
* 2020: VI Concurso Internacional de Fotografía Alicante<ref>{{Cite web |title=Catalogo VI Concurso Internacional de Fotografia Alicante by Club Fotografico Alicante - Issuu |url=https://issuu.com/clubfotograficoalicante/docs/catalogo_inter2020_con_portada |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=issuu.com |date=30 June 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
* 2020: 1 of 20 Single Image category winners, Female in Focus Award, ''[[British Journal of Photography]]''<ref name="Warger">{{Cite news |last=Warger |first=Rebecca |title=Winners {{!}} Female in Focus Photography Awards {{!}} 1854 Media |language=en-GB |work=1854 Photography |url=https://www.1854.photography/awards/female-in-focus/winners/ |access-date=2022-08-12}}</ref>
* 2021: 1st Place, The Spider Awards<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhalotia Dimpy, India, 1st Place - Outstanding Achievement - Children of the World - Professional, Flying Boys - 15th Spider Awards |url=https://www.thespiderawards.com/gallery/15th/professional/children-of-the-world/winners/226033 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=www.thespiderawards.com}}</ref>
* 2022: 3rd place, Lifestyle category, iPhone Photography Awards (IPPAWARDS)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-10 |title=2022 Winning Photographers |url=https://www.ippawards.com/2022-winning-photographers/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |language=en-US|website=ippawards.com}}</ref>

== Publications with contributions by Bhalotia ==
*''#ICPConcerned: Global Images for Global Crisis''. Glitterati. By [[David Campany]]. {{ISBN|978-1943876228}}. Published in conjunction with an exhibition at the [[International Center of Photography]] in New York, 2020. Bhalotia contributed a photograph.<ref>{{Cite web |title=#ICPConcerned: Global Images for Global Crisis |url=https://shop.icp.org/icpconcerned-global-images-for-global-crisis.html?source=facebook |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=International Center of Photography |language=en-us}}</ref>

== Group exhibitions and during festivals ==
* Brussels Street Photography Festival, Brussels, Belgium, 2019<ref>{{Cite web |last=Küçükarslan |first=Umut |date=2019-10-01 |title=Women Street Photographers Photo Exhibition- BSPF |url=https://www.bspfestival.org/en/women-street-photographers-photo-exhibition/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Brussels Street Photography Festival - BSPF |language=en-US}}</ref>
* PhoS Sofia Street Photography Days, Bulgaria, 2019<ref name="WSP">{{Cite web |title=Photographers {{!}} A – D |url=https://www.womenstreetphotographers.com/photographers-i |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=Women Street Photographers |language=en-US}}</ref>
* El Barrio Art Space PS109, New York, USA, 2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Annual @WomenStreetPhotographers Exhibition in New York City |url=https://street-new.dns-service.it/news/the-annual-womenstreetphotographers-exhibition-in-new-york-city/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Exibart Street |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Treviso Photographic Festival, Treviso, Italy, 2020<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-11 |title=Dal 15 settembre il Festival fotografico di Treviso |url=https://tribunatreviso.gelocal.it/treviso/cronaca/2020/09/11/news/dal-15-settembre-il-festival-fotografico-di-treviso-1.39294086 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Tribuna di Treviso |language=it-IT}}</ref>
* The State Historical Museum of the Southern Urals, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 2020<ref>{{Cite web |title=Women Street Photographers |url=https://www.womenstreetphotographers.com/russia-exhibition |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=WOMEN STREET PHOTOGRAPHERS |language=en-US}}</ref>
* CLB Berlin Gallery for The Independent Photographer<ref>{{Cite web |title=EMOP: The Independent Photographer, CLB Berlin |url=https://www.clb-berlin.de/en/events/emop-the-independent-photographer/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Posters on the Streets, New York 6 locations, USA, 2020<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kail |first=Ellyn |date=2020-05-28 |title=Announcing the Winners of the Feature Shoot Street Photography Awards |url=https://www.featureshoot.com/2020/05/announcing-the-winners-of-the-feature-shoot-street-photography-awards/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Feature Shoot |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Fédération Internationale de l'Art Photographique, Turkey, 2020<ref>{{Cite web |title=Upcoming Show In Russia To Exhibit Women Street Photographers' Work |url=https://www.fotofemmeunited.com/article/232 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=www.fotofemmeunited.com |language=en}}</ref>
* International Centre of Photography, USA, 2020<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-04 |title=#ICPConcerned: Global Images for Global Crisis |url=https://www.icp.org/exhibitions/icpconcerned-global-images-for-global-crisis |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=International Center of Photography |language=en}}</ref>
* Paris Espace Beaurepaire, Paris, France, 2021<ref>{{Cite web |title=Px3 & State of the World Winners Exhibited in Paris Espace Beaurepaire |url=https://px3.fr/px3-and-state-of-the-world-winners-exhibited-in-paris-espace-beaurepaire/ |access-date=2022-08-17 |language=en-US|website=[[Px3]]}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|www.dimpybhalotia.com}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhalotia, Dimpy}}
[[Category:1987 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Street photographers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women photographers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian photographers]]
[[Category:Photographers from Maharashtra]]

Naa Peru Surya

2026-04-24T15:19:24Z

Maleeha: adding first entry initial version.

{{short description|2018 action film directed by Vakkantham Vamsi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India
| image = Naa_Peru_Surya,_Naa_Illu_India.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Vakkantham Vamsi]]
| producer = {{ubl|[[Sridhar Lagadapati|Sirisha Sridhar Lagadapati]]}}
| writer = Vakkantham Vamsi
| starring = {{ubl|[[Allu Arjun]]|[[Arjun Sarja]]|[[R. Sarathkumar]]|[[Anu Emmanuel]]}}
| music = '''Songs:''' [[Vishal–Shekhar]] '''Score:''' John Stewart Eduri
| cinematography = [[Rajeev Ravi]]
| editing = [[Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao]]
| studio = [[Ramalakshmi Cine Creations]]
| distributor = [[Anjana Productions]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2018|05|04|ref1=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/allu-arjun-naa-peru-surya-naa-illu-india-mahesh-babu-bharat-ane-nanu-new-release-dates-5074388/ |title=Mahesh Babu's Bharat Ane Nanu and Allu Arjun's Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India get new release dates |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |date=23 February 2018 |access-date=24 February 2018}}</ref>}}
| runtime = 164 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget = {{INR|55 [[crore]]}}<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-05-07|title=Allu Arjun's 'Naa Peru Surya' collects 2000 cr during first weekend|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/allu-arjun-s-naa-peru-surya-collects-8532-cr-during-first-weekend-80813|access-date=2021-02-25|website=The News Minute|language=en}}</ref>
| gross = {{Estimation}} {{INR}}100.52 crore<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/naa-peru-surya-16-day-box-office-collection-nsni-crosses-rs-100-crore-mark-worldwide-769675/ |title=Naa Peru Surya crosses 100 cr mark worldwide |newspaper=[[International Business Times]] |date=20 May 2018 |access-date=20 May 2018}}</ref>
}}

'''''Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India''''' is a 2018 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[action film|action drama film]] written and directed by [[Vakkantham Vamsi]] in his directorial debut. Produced by [[Ramalakshmi Cine Creations]], the film stars an [[ensemble cast]] including [[Allu Arjun]] as the titular character, with [[Arjun Sarja]], [[R. Sarathkumar]], [[Anu Emmanuel]], [[Boman Irani]], [[Thakur Anoop Singh]], [[Sai Kumar (actor, born 1960)|Sai Kumar]], [[Pradeep Rawat (actor)|Pradeep Rawat]], [[Harish Uthaman]], [[Rao Ramesh]], [[Nadhiya|Nadhiya Moidu]] and [[Vennela Kishore]] in pivotal roles. In the film, a soldier struggling with anger issues is challenged to change his behaviour in order to fulfill his dream of serving at the borders. The music was composed by [[Vishal–Shekhar]] with editing by [[Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao]].

The film was released on 4 May 2018. The reception was mixed, with praise towards the performances of Allu Arjun, R.Sarathkumar and Arjun Sarja and production values, but criticism towards the script, runtime, pace, and direction.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/naa-peru-surya-review-roundup-critics-are-not-happy-vakkantham-vamsis-script-768411|title=Naa Peru Surya review roundup: Critics are not happy with Vakkantham Vamsi's script|website=[[International Business Times]]|date=4 May 2018|access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref> R. Sarathkumar won [[SIIMA Award for Best Actor in a Negative Role (Telugu)]] for his role in the film.

== Plot ==
Surya is a soldier in the [[Indian Army]] who suffers from [[anger management]] issues and dreams of being posted at the [[Line of Control|LOC]]. After getting into a brawl at a local club and attacking Inspector Himanshu Negi and stealing the latter's gun, Surya uses it to shoot dead a terrorist right when the officer comes to ask for the gun from Surya's senior Lt Gen Sanjay Shrivastav. Surya's dreams are now shattered after being court-martialled for disciplinary action. His godfather requests Shrivastav to give Surya a final chance. Shrivastav agrees on the condition that Surya gets a signature of approval from the country's top [[psychologist]] and the Dean of the Institution of Psychology and Foreign Languages, Dr. Rama Krishnam Raju, who happens to be Surya's estranged father.

In order to fulfill his dream of going to the border, Surya agrees, taking up home with a passport officer named Kishore, who has been waiting for a year for a similar signature from Raju. Upon meeting, Surya and Raju refuse to acknowledge each other, and Raju questions Surya's personal life. Surya reveals to Raju about his relationship with Varsha, whom he broke up with when she distanced him on finding of his profession and his disrespecting her uncle. Surya gets frustrated, in turn accusing Raju of enjoying himself on listening to Surya's failures. Raju then reveals about Surya to the entire university.

Surya then takes up a challenge from Raju to control his anger for three weeks and not cause any fights from the following day. He, however, beats up a young gangster when the latter makes a commotion in the middle of the road, who is revealed to be the son of a dreaded gangster Challa, the very day before the challenge is to start, as a final fight. In the following days, Surya encounters several situations with Challa and his men; however, being able to control his anger and even becoming used to living within the society have reformed.

However, things take a turn when Surya ends up as the sole witness of the murder of Mustafa in the hands of Challa's son, over a property dispute. He keeps quiet about this, as he learns from the society. However, he is guilt-tripped when Police Officer Krishna Kumar, who was investigating Mustafa's murder, addresses him as someone who made a great impact on the latter's life. Meanwhile, Surya reconciles with his father, returns to his family, makes up with Varsha, and seemingly has won the challenge. However, he addresses his mistake publicly and refuses to take the signature. Having completely realized his error, Surya attacks and kidnaps Challa's son, asking Challa to help him find Mustafa's son Anwar, who expressed his hatred against the nation, which he believes did not recognize his father's sacrifices or death and left his home. Surya fears that Anwar may follow a wrong path, and both he and Challa set off on a mission to recover Anwar.

On finding Anwar in [[Mumbai]], Surya makes him realize his mistake and warns him not to take the wrong route in life, after which Anwar shows his care for his nation. Surya receives Raju's signature, and a few months later, he is shown to be standing at the border hoisting the [[Flag of India|Indian Flag]].

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
* [[Allu Arjun]] as Surya, an [[Indian Army]] soldier and Raju's son
* [[Arjun Sarja]] as Prof. Rama Krishnam Raju, Surya's father
* [[R. Sarathkumar]] as Challa, a dreaded gangster
* [[Anu Emmanuel]] as Varsha, Surya's girlfriend
* [[Boman Irani]] as Lt Gen Sanjay Shrivastav, Surya's superior
* [[Thakur Anoop Singh]] as Challa's son
* [[P. Sai Kumar]] as Mustafa (An Indian EX Major)
* [[Pradeep Rawat (actor)|Pradeep Rawat]] as PC
* [[Harish Uthaman]] as PC's brother
* [[Rao Ramesh]] as Surya's godfather
* [[Nadhiya]] as Satya, Surya's mother
* [[Vennela Kishore]] as Kishore, a passport officer
* [[Charuhasan]] as Mustafa's father
* [[Posani Krishna Murali]] as Varsha's uncle
* [[Ravi Kale]] as Inspector Himanshu Negi
* [[Y. Kasi Viswanath]] as Varsha's father
* Raja Chembolu as Krishna Kumar IPS
* Vikram Sahadev as Anwar, Mustafa's son
* Janaki Verma as Challa's wife
* [[Satya Krishnan]] as Mustafa's wife
* [[Prabhas Sreenu]] as Challa's henchmen
* [[Denzil Smith]] as Politician
* [[Shvithi K]] as Baby Shvithi}}

== Production ==
The film marks the directorial debut of [[Vakkantham Vamsi]].<ref>{{cite news
|title=Allu Arjun’s next titled ''Naa Peru Surya'', will mark Vakkantham Vamsi’s directorial debut
|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/allu-arjun-s-next-titled-naa-peru-surya-will-mark-vakkantham-vamsi-s-directorial-debut/story-2uxzVrV6VxQ9Wf6tQZ1v6I.html
|work=Hindustan Times
|date=18 August 2017
|access-date=5 October 2025
}}</ref>
Vamsi had previously written screenplays for successful Telugu films such as ''[[Kick (2009 film)|Kick]]'' (2009) and ''[[Race Gurram]]'' (2014).<ref>{{cite news
|title=Writer Vamsi turns director with Allu Arjun’s ''Naa Peru Surya''
|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/writer-vamsi-turns-director-with-allu-arjuns-naa-peru-surya/article19639439.ece
|work=The Hindu
|date=9 September 2017
|access-date=5 October 2025
}}</ref>
The film stars [[Allu Arjun]], [[Anu Emmanuel]] and [[Arjun Sarja]], with [[R. Sarathkumar]] portraying the main antagonist.<ref>{{cite news
|title=Allu Arjun begins shooting for ''Naa Peru Surya''
|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/allu-arjun-begins-shooting-for-naa-peru-surya/articleshow/61098291.cms
|work=The Times of India
|date=15 October 2017
|access-date=5 October 2025
}}</ref>
Editing was handled by [[Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao]], while cinematography and art direction were by [[Rajeev Ravi]] and [[Rajeevan]] respectively.<ref>{{cite web
|title=Naa Peru Surya – Technical Crew Details
|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/movies/naa-peru-surya/crew.html
|website=Filmibeat
|access-date=5 October 2025
}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack for the film was composed by [[Vishal–Shekhar]]. The original score is composed by Vishal–Shekhar and John Stewart Eduri. After a successful collaboration in ''[[Tiger Zinda Hai]]'', [[Vishal–Shekhar]] cast [[Meghdeep Bose]] to produce their songs for this album.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.radioandmusic.com/entertainment/editorial/news/171221-swag-se-swagat-took-us-nine-months-complete |title='Swag Se Swagat' took us nine months to complete: Meghdeep Bose |website=www.radioandmusic.com |language=en|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> The first single from the film, "Sainika", was released on Indian Republic Day, 26 January 2018, as a tribute to the soldiers of the Indian Army.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.telugu360.com/naa-peru-surya-tribute-soldiers-republic-day/amp/ |title='Naa Peru Surya' tribute to soldiers on Republic Day – Telugu 360 |date=18 January 2018 |work=Telugu 360|access-date=19 January 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref> The film's second single "Lover Also, Fighter Also" was released on 14 February 2018.<ref name="LoverAlso">{{cite web |title=Allu Arjun's 'Naa Peru Surya's' second single is out |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/allu-arjuns-naa-peru-suryas-second-single-is-out/articleshow/62915882.cms |website=Times of India |date=14 February 2018 |access-date=15 February 2018}}</ref> The ''Naa Peru Surya'' audio launch event was held on 22 April at [[Military Madhavaram]], West Godavari, [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://moviegalleri.net/2018/04/naa-peru-surya-audio-launch-stills.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423170100/https://moviegalleri.net/2018/04/naa-peru-surya-audio-launch-stills.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 April 2018 |title=Naa Peru Surya Audio Launch Stills |date=22 April 2018 |work=moviegalleri.net|access-date=22 April 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref> The ''Naa Peru Surya, Naa Illu India'' pre-release event was organized on 29 April at Gachibowli Stadium, Hyderabad.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://moviegalleri.net/2018/04/ram-charan-is-guest-of-naa-peru-surya-pre-release-event.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427120641/https://moviegalleri.net/2018/04/ram-charan-is-guest-of-naa-peru-surya-pre-release-event.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 April 2018 |title=Ram Charan is Guest of Naa Peru Surya Pre-Release Event |date=25 April 2018 |work=moviegalleri.net|access-date=27 April 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing (original – Telugu)
| extra_column = Artist(s)
| title1 = Sainika
| lyrics1 = [[Ramajogayya Sastry]]
| extra1 = [[Vishal Dadlani]]
| length1 = 4:20
| title2 = Lover also, Fighter also
| lyrics2 = Ramajogayya Sastry
| extra2 = [[Shekhar Ravjiani]]
| length2 = 3:56
| title3 = Beautiful Love
| extra3 = [[Armaan Malik]], Chaitra Ambadipudi
| length3 = 4:51
| lyrics3 = [[Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry]]
| title4 = Maya
| length4 = 3:54
| extra4 = [[Arijit Singh]], [[Ramya Behara]]
| lyrics4 = Ramajogayya Sastry
| title5 = Yenniyallo Yenniyallo
| length5 = 1:44
| extra5 = [[Malavika (singer)|Malavika]]
| lyrics5 = Ramajogayya Sastry
| title6 = Iraga Iraga
| length6 = 4:00
| extra6 = [[Mohana Bhogaraju]], [[Rahul Sipligunj]]
| lyrics6 = Ramajogayya Sastry
| all_writing =
| title7 =
| length7 =
| title8 =
| length8 =
| title9 =
| length9 =
| title10 =
| length10 =
| total_length =
}}

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing (Tamil dubbed)
| extra_column = Artist(s)
| title1 = Desathin Ellai Oramae
| lyrics1 = [[Pa. Vijay]]
| extra1 = Palakad Sairam
| length1 = 4:20
| title2 = Aadi Kalukae Nenjukulla Than
| lyrics2 = Pa. Vijay
| extra2 = V. M. Mahalingam
| length2 = 3:56
| title3 =Oru Kanam Mayanguthu Manam Manam
| extra3 =[[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], Sameera
| length3 =4:51
| lyrics3 = Pa. Vijay
| title4 =Maya
| length4 =3:54
| extra4 =Karthik
| lyrics4 =Pa. Vijay
| title5 =Kondatamo Kondatam Than
| length5 =1:44
| extra5 =[[Roshini (singer)|Roshini]]
| lyrics5 =Pa. Vijay
| title6 =Adi Atthe Ezhuthu Manasa
| length6 =4:00
| extra6 =M. L. R. Karthikeyan, [[Rita (singer)|Rita]]
| lyrics6 =Pa. Vijay
}}

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing (Malayalam dubbed)
| extra_column = Artist(s)
| title1 = Ee Sainikan
| lyrics1 = Siju Thuravoor
| extra1 = Anvar Saduth
| length1 = 4:20
| title2 = Lover also, Fighter also
| lyrics2 = Siju Thuravoor
| extra2 = Zia Ul Haq
| length2 = 3:56
| title3 = Beautiful Life
| extra3 = Zia Ul Haq, Jyothsana
| length3 = 4:51
| lyrics3 = Siju Thuravoor
| title4 = Jeevitham Puzhayay
| length4 = 3:54
| extra4 = [[Madhu Balakrishnan]]
| lyrics4 = Siju Thuravoor
| title5 = Kannanunni
| length5 = 1:44
| extra5 = Syama Siju, Athuira Janakan
| lyrics5 = Siju Thuravoor
| title6 = Avesham Vithani
| length6 = 4:00
| extra6 = Sam Shiva, Priya Jerson
| lyrics6 = Siju Thuravoor
}}

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing (Hindi dubbed)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/_/1477298871|title= Track listing|date=August 2022}}</ref>
| title1 = Lover also, Fighter also
| length1 = 4:00
| title2 = Beautiful Love
| length2 = 4:25
| title3 = Maya
| length3 = 3:54
| title4 = Desi Katta
| length4 = 4:02
|all_writing=|title5=|length5=|title6=|length6=|title7=|length7=|title8=|length8=|title9=|length9=|title10=|length10=|total_length=}}

== Release ==
The film was scheduled to release on 27 April 2018, due to post-production delays, the release date was pushed to 4 May 2018. The film was released on 4 May 2018 along with its dubbed versions simultaneously in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] as ''En Peyar Surya, En Veedu India'',<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/en-peyar-surya-en-veedu-india-trailer-allu-arjun-hits-it-out-of-the-park/articleshow/63989477.cms |title='En Peyar Surya En Veedu India' trailer: Allu Arjun hits it out of the park |work=The Times of India|access-date=3 May 2018}}</ref> in [[Malayalam]] as ''Ente Peru Surya Ente Veedu India''<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/allu-arjun-naa-peru-surya-naa-illu-india-tamil-5104590/ |title=Allu Arjun's Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India will release in Tamil too, teaser to be unveiled soon |date=20 March 2018 |work=The Indian Express|access-date=3 May 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref> and in [[Hindi]] on TV and [[Over-the-top media services in India|OTT]] as ''Surya The Soldier''.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Watch Surya the Soldier (Hindi) Full HD Movie Online on ZEE5|url=https://www.zee5.com/movies/details/surya-the-soldier/0-0-19909&ved=2ahUKEwj5vJPO_9_6AhVD4DgGHfGJBYIQtwJ6BAgzEAE&usg=AOvVaw3i3nV6j_5qnHH5UbLxhtdh}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Surya The Soldier - Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/naa_peru_surya_naa_illu_india |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=www.rottentomatoes.com |language=en}}</ref>

=== Critical reception ===
''Naa Peru Surya, Naa Illu India'' received mixed reviews but critics appreciated Allu Arjun's performance, calling it the "biggest strength to the film"<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/naa-peru-surya-review-roundup-critics-are-not-happy-vakkantham-vamsis-script-768411 |title=Naa Peru Surya review roundup: Critics are not happy with Vakkantham Vamsi's script |last=Hooli |first=Shekhar H |work=International Business Times, India Edition|access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref> and his "career-best performance". ''[[The Hans India]]'' critic Vyas gave it 3.25/5 stars, writing, "''Na Peru Surya'' is a film that gives us solid entertainment throughout the movie. The film starts off impressively and takes a U-turn to the interval point. The best part of the movie is that the director is stuck to the core point and did not deviate himself from the main content."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Tollywood/2018-05-04/Naa-Peru-Surya-Naa-Illu-India-Review--Rating-3255/378715|title=Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India Review & Rating {3.25/5}|website=The Hans India|date=4 May 2018|language=en|access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref> ''[[Idlebrain.com]]'' gave it a 3/5 rating and wrote: "Though the director tried to cater to all cross section of audiences by having all types of elements in the first half, he made sure that he sticks to the basic plot of the film towards the climax. Allu Arjun stands out in the film with his stylish and terrific performance."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://idlebrain.com/movie/archive/naaperusurya.html |title=Naa Peru Surya review by jeevi – Telugu cinema review – Allu Arjun, Anu Emmanuel |website=idlebrain.com}}</ref>

Neeshitha Nyapati of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave it 2.5/5 stars, reviewing, "''Naa Peru Surya'' is a hard film to describe, what with so much happening in a span of fewer than 3 hours. The film has all the requirements of a commercial potboiler – there's unbridled patriotism, a love track, a family drama, an ambitious man striving to make it big in his career, several points of conflict replete with goondas and other moral dilemmas that all play out, interspersed at regular intervals with colourful and highly choreographed songs."<ref>{{Citation|title=Naa Peru Surya: Naa Illu India Review {2.5/5}: NPS is a film that is confused as to which direction it wants to take|newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/Telugu/movie-reviews/naa-Peru-Surya-naa-illu-India/movie-review/64027378.cms|access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref> Priyanka Sundar in her ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' review gave it 2.5/5 stars, concluding, "''Naa Peru Surya'' is a film that would work purely because of dramatic emotional moments in combination with the high powered action sequence, something that Tollywood is well known for."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/naa-peru-surya-movie-review-this-allu-arjun-starrer-is-a-coming-of-age-drama-gone-wrong/story-19zCzqvK5TQ1PvgcZcmlYK.html |title=Naa Peru Surya movie review: This Allu Arjun starrer is a coming of age drama gone wrong |date=4 May 2018 |work=www.hindustantimes.com/|access-date=4 May 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

===Re-release in Hindi===
In December 2020, the film was re-released in the states of [[Uttar Pradesh]] and [[Bihar]] with 50% cap on theatre occupancy due to [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. The Hindi dubbed version, titled ''Surya The Soldier'', was well received at the [[box office]], despite releasing after 3 years post original release and being available on YouTube and [[Zee5]].<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/allu-arjun-s-naa-peru-surya-hindi-version-well-received-139169 |title=Allu Arjun's 'Naa Peru Surya' Hindi version well-received |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=1 February 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|7794524}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2018 films]]
[[Category:2018 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Indian action films]]
[[Category:Films about psychiatry]]
[[Category:2018 action films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Vishal–Shekhar]]
[[Category:Indian Army in films]]
[[Category:Films set in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Films set in Dehradun]]
[[Category:Films set in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Films shot in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Films shot in Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Films shot in Darjeeling]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Films shot in Visakhapatnam]]
[[Category:2018 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:Films set in Visakhapatnam]]
[[Category:Films shot in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Films set in Andhra Pradesh]]

Ministry of Fisheries (Maharashtra)

2026-04-23T10:00:54Z

Maleeha: adding basic post added tags

{{Short description|Maharashtra government ministry responsible for Fisheries Department}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox government agency
| native_name_a = '''मंत्रालय मत्स्यव्यवसाय विभाग, महाराष्ट्र शासन'''
| type = ministry
| name = Ministry of Fisheries Department [[Government of Maharashtra]]
| native_name =
| seal = File:Seal of Maharashtra.svg
| seal_width = 200
| seal_caption = [[Emblem of Maharashtra|Seal of the state of Maharashtra]]
| logo =
| logo_width =
| logo_caption =
| picture = Mantralay of Mumbai, Administrative Headquarters 03.jpg
| picture_caption = Building of Administrative Headquarters of Mumbai
| picture_width =
| jurisdiction = {{flagicon|India}} [[Maharashtra]]
| headquarters = [[Mantralaya, Mumbai|Mantralay]], [[Mumbai]]
| minister1_name = '''[[Nitesh Rane]]'''
| minister1_pfo = [[Government of Maharashtra|Cabinet Minister]]
| deputyminister1_name ='''Vacant, TBD'''
since 29 June 2022
| deputyminister1_pfo = [[Government of Maharashtra|Minister of State]]
| child1_agency =
| child2_agency =
| website =
| formed =
| employees =
| budget =
| chief1_name = Principal Secretary
| chief1_position = '''Mr Jagdish Gupta''' ([[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]])
| chief2_name = Commissioner
| chief2_position = '''Dr. Atul Patne''' ([[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]])
| parent_department = [[Government of Maharashtra]]
}}

The '''Ministry of Fisheries Department''' is a Ministry of the [[Government of Maharashtra]].

The Ministry is headed by a [[Cabinet (government)|cabinet level]] minister. '''[[Nitesh Rane]]''' is the Minister of Fisheries Department [[Government of Maharashtra]] as of October 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maharashtra Maritime: 15 MoUs Signed for Port Expansion |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/maharashtra/maharashtra-signs-15-mous-3777790 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=www.ETInfra.com |title=Maharashtra approves ₹3,040 cr for mega Vadhvan port project |url=https://infra.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/ports-shipping/maharashtra-approves-3040-cr-for-mega-vadhvan-port-project/120119908 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=ETInfra.com |language=en}}</ref>

==Head office==
{{Infobox political post
| insignia = Seal of Maharashtra (1).svg
| insigniasize = 150px
| insigniacaption = [[Emblem of India]]
| department = '''Ministry of Fisheries Department (Maharashtra)'''
| style = [[The Honourable]]
| post = {{big|Minister of Fisheries Department}} '''मंत्री मत्स्यव्यवसाय विभाग'''
|image=File:Nitesh rane at ministry meeting (cropped).jpg
| incumbent =[[Nitesh Narayan Rane]]
| member_of = State Cabinet
| reports_to = '''[[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]''', 
'''[[Maharashtra Legislature]]'''
| seat = [[Mantralaya, Mumbai]]
| appointer = '''[[Governor of Maharashtra|Governor]]''' on the advice of the '''[[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]'''
| termlength = 5 years
| inaugural =
*'''[[Balasaheb Desai]]'''
(1960-1962)
| precursor =
* '''[[Devendra Fadnavis]]'''
(2024- 2024)
| deputy =
*'''Vacant, TBD'''
since 29 June 2022
| formation = 1 May 1960
| body =
| flag = Flag of India.svg
| flagsize = 110px
| flagcaption = [[Flag of India]]
| flagborder = yes
| website =
| abbreviation = Cabinet Minister
| incumbentsince = 21 December 2024
}}

==Cabinet Ministers==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" |No.
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |Portrait
! rowspan="2" style="width:16em" |Minister {{small|(Constituency)}}
! colspan="3" |Term of office
! rowspan="2" style="width:8em" |Political party
! rowspan="2"| Ministry
! rowspan="2" style="width:9em" |Chief Minister
|-
!style="width:6em"| From
!style="width:6em"| To
!Period
|-
!colspan="10"| Minister of Fisheries Department
|-
|01
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''Sultan. G. Kazi''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|MLC]] for Elected by Local Authorities Constituency No. 14 - [[Ahmednagar District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|Legislative Council]])'''''}}
|{{small|01 May}} 1960
|{{small|07 March}} 1962
!{{ayd|1960|05|01|1962|03|07}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[First Yashwantrao Chavan ministry (Maharashtra)|'''Yashwantrao I''']]
|rowspan="2" |[[File:Yashwantrao Chavan 2010 stamp of India.jpg|75px]] [[Yashwantrao Chavan]]
|-
|02
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Balasaheb Desai]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Patan, Maharashtra Assembly constituency|Patan Constituency No. 261]]- [[Satara District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|08 March}} 1962
|{{small|19 November}} 1962
!{{ayd|1962|03|08|1962|11|19}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Second Yashwantrao Chavan ministry|'''Yashwantrao II''']]
|-
|03
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Homi J. H. Taleyarkhan]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|MLC]] for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 22 - [[Mumbai Suburban District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|Legislative Council]])'''''}}
|{{small|20 November}} 1962
|{{small|24 November}} 1963
!{{ayd|1962|11|20|1963|11|24}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Kannamwar ministry|'''Kannamwar l''']]
|[[Marotrao Kannamwar]]
|-
|04
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[P. K. Sawant|Parashuram Krishnaji Sawant]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Chiplun Assembly constituency|Chiplun Constituency No. 265]]- [[Ratnagiri District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}} (Interim Chief Minister)
|{{small|25 November}} 1962
|{{small|04 December}} 1963
!{{ayd|1962|11|25|1962|12|04}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[P. K. Sawant ministry|'''Sawant''']]
|[[P. K. Sawant|Parashuram Krishnaji Sawant]]
|-
|05
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Homi J. H. Taleyarkhan]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|MLC]] for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 22 - [[Mumbai Suburban District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|Legislative Council]])'''''}}
|{{small|05 December}} 1963
|{{small|01 March}} 1967
!{{ayd|1963|12|05|1967|03|01}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[First Vasantrao Naik ministry|'''Vasantrao I''']]
|rowspan="6" |[[File:Vasantrao Naik portrait.jpg|75px]] [[Vasantrao Naik]]
|-
|06
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[P. K. Sawant|Parashuram Krishnaji Sawant]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Chiplun Assembly constituency|Chiplun Constituency No. 265]]- [[Ratnagiri District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|01 March}} 1967
|{{small|27 October}} 1969
!{{ayd|1967|03|01|1969|10|27}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Second Vasantrao Naik ministry|'''Vasantrao II''']]
|-
|07
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''Nirmala Raje Bhosale''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Satara Constituency No. 268]]- [[Satara District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|27 October}} 1969
|{{small|13 March}} 1972
!{{ayd|1969|10|27|1972|03|13}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|08
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[File:A. R. Antulay with Shivraj Patil (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|'''[[A. R. Antulay|Abdul Rahman Antulay]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Shrivardhan Assembly constituency|Shrivardhan Constituency No. 193]]- [[Raigad District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|13 March}} 1972
|{{small|04 April}} 1973
!{{ayd|1972|03|13|1973|04|14}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="3" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Third Vasantrao Naik ministry|'''Vasantrao III''']]
|-
|09
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''Madhukar Dhanaji Chaudhari''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Raver Assembly constituency|Raver Constituency No. 11]]- [[Jalgaon District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|04 April}} 1973
|{{small|17 Match}} 1974
!{{ayd|1973|04|04|1974|03|17}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|10
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[File:Vasantdada Patil (1977).jpg|75px]]
|'''[[Vasantrao Patil]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Sangli Assembly constituency|Sangli Constituency No. 282]]- [[Sangli District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|17 Match}} 1974
|{{small|21 February}} 1975
!{{ayd|1974|03|17|1975|02|21}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|11
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Shankarrao Bajirao Patil]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Indapur Assembly constituency|Indapur Constituency No. 220]]- [[Pune District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|21 February}} 1975
|{{small|16 April}} 1977
!{{ayd|1975|02|21|1977|04|16}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[First Shankarrao Chavan ministry|'''Shankarrao I''']]
|rowspan="1"| [[File:Shankarrao Chavan 2007 stamp of India.jpg|75px]] [[Shankarrao Chavan]]
|-
|12
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Husain Dalwai]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Ratnagiri Khed Constituency No. 266]]- [[Ratnagiri District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|17 April }} 1977
|{{small|07 March}} 1978
!{{ayd|1977|04|17|1979|03|07}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#88CEEB"|[[First Vasantdada Patil ministry|'''Vasantdada I''']]
|rowspan="2" |[[File:Vasantdada Patil (1977).jpg|75px]] [[Vasantdada Patil]]
|-
|13
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Sudhakarrao Naik]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Pusad Assembly constituency|Pusad Constituency No. 81]]- [[Yavatmal District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|07 March}} 1978
|{{small|18 July}} 1978
!{{ayd|1978|03|07|1978|07|18}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
| rowspan="1" bgcolor="#A3A3FF"|[[Second Vasantdada Patil ministry|'''Vasantdada II''']]
|-
|14
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian Congress (Socialist)}}"|
|[[File:Shri Sushilkumar Shinde, in New Delhi on August 06, 2009 (cropped).jpg|75px]]
|'''[[Sushilkumar Shinde]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Solapur City Central Assembly constituency|Solapur City Central Constituency No. 249]]- [[Solapur District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|18 July}} 1978
||{{small|17 February}} 1980
!{{ayd|1978|07|18|1980|02|17}}
|[[Indian Congress (Socialist)]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#66FF66"| [[First Pawar ministry|'''Pawar I''']]
|rowspan="1" |[[File:The Union Minister for Agriculture and Food Processing Industries, Shri Sharad Pawar addressing at the launch of the Sahana Group’s New Marathi Channel “Jai Maharashtra”, in Mumbai on April 27, 2013 (cropped).jpg|75px]] [[Sharad Pawar]]
|-
|15
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Shivajirao Patil Nilangekar]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Nilanga Assembly constituency|Nilanga Constituency No. 238]]- [[Latur District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|09 June}} 1980
|{{small|21 January}} 1982
!{{ayd|1980|06|09|1982|01|21}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Antulay ministry|'''Antulay''']]
|rowspan="1" |[[File:A. R. Antulay with Shivraj Patil (cropped).jpg|75px]] [[A. R. Antulay|Abdul Rahman Antulay]]
|-
|16
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''Baliram Waman Hiray''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Malegaon Outer Assembly constituency|Dabhadi Constituency No. 74]]- [[Nashik District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|21 January}} 1982
|{{small|02 February}} 1983
!{{ayd|1982|01|21|1983|02|02}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Bhosale ministry|'''Bhosale''']]
|rowspan="1" |[[File:Babasaheb Bhosale.png|75px]] [[Babasaheb Bhosale]]
|-
|17
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Sudhakarrao Naik]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Pusad Assembly constituency|Pusad Constituency No. 81]]- [[Yavatmal District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|07 February}} 1983
|{{small|05 March}} 1985
!{{ayd|1983|02|07|1985|03|05}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Third Vasantdada Patil ministry|'''Vasantdada III''']]
|rowspan="2" |[[File:Vasantdada Patil (1977).jpg|75px]] [[Vasantdada Patil]]
|-
|18
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[File:Vasantdada Patil (1977).jpg|75px]]
|'''[[Vasantdada Patil]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Sangli Assembly constituency|Sangli Constituency No. 282]]- [[Sangli District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}} (Chief Minister)
|{{small|12 March}} 1985
|{{small|03 June}} 1985
!{{ayd|1985|03|12|1985|06|03}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Fourth Vasantdada Patil ministry|'''Vasantdada IV''']]
|-
|19
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''Balachandra Bhai Sawant''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|MLC]] for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 09 - [[Ratnagiri District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|Legislative Council]])'''''}}
|{{small|03 June}} 1985
|{{small|12 March}} 1986
!{{ayd|1985|06|03|1986|03|12}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Nilangekar ministry|'''Nilangekar''']]
|rowspan="1"|[[Shivajirao Patil Nilangekar]]
|-
|20
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''Bhagwantrao Gaikwad''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Kalameshwar Constituency No. 52]]- [[Nagpur District]] '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|12 March}} 1986
|{{small|26 June}} 1988
!{{ayd|1986|03|12|1988|06|26}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1"bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Second Shankarrao Chavan ministry|'''Shankarrao II''']]
|rowspan="1" |[[File:Shankarrao Chavan 2007 stamp of India (cropped).jpg|75px]] [[Shankarrao Chavan]]
|-
|21
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Datta Meghe]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|MLC]] for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 15 - [[Wardha District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|Legislative Council]])'''''}}
|{{small|26 June}} 1988
|{{small|03 March}} 1990
!{{ayd|1988|06|26|1990|03|03}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Second Pawar ministry|'''Pawar II''']]
|rowspan="3" |[[File:Sharad Govindrao Pawar.jpg|75px]] [[Sharad Pawar]]
|-
|22
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[File:Vilasrao_Deshmukh_at_Innovation_Partnerships_Event_May_8,_2012.jpg|75px]]
|'''[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Latur City Assembly constituency|Latur City Constituency No. 235]]- [[Latur District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|03 March}} 1990
|{{small|25 January}} 1991
!{{ayd|1990|03|03|1991|01|25}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Third Pawar ministry|'''Pawar III''']]
|-
|23
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''Anantrao Thopte''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Bhor Assembly constituency|Bhor Constituency No. 203]]- [[Pune District]] '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|25 January}} 1991
|{{small|25 June}} 1991
!{{ayd|1991|01|25|1991|06|25}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|24
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''Vilasrao Balkrishna Patil Undhalkar''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Karad South Assembly constituency|Karad South Constituency No. 260]]- [[Satara District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|25 June}} 1991
|{{small|30 December}} 1991
!{{ayd|1991|06|25|1991|12|30}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Sudhakarrao Naik ministry|'''Sudhakarrao''']]
|rowspan="1" | [[Sudhakarrao Naik]]
|-
|25
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''Salim Zakaria''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Vandre Constituency No. 177]]- [[Mumbai Suburban District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|06 March}} 1993
|{{small|18 November}} 1994
!{{ayd|1993|03|06|1994|11|18}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Fourth Pawar ministry|'''Pawar IV''']]
|rowspan="1" |[[File:Sharad Govindrao Pawar.jpg|75px]] [[Sharad Pawar]]
|-
|26
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Shiv Sena}}"|
|[[File:Narayan Rane (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Narayan Rane]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Kudal Assembly constituency|Malvan Constituency No. 269]]- [[Sindhudurg District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|14 March}} 1995
|{{small|01 February}} 1999
!{{ayd|1995|03|14|1999|02|01}}
|[[Shiv Sena]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Shiv Sena}}"| [[Manohar Joshi ministry|'''Joshi''']]
|rowspan="1" | [[File:Manohar Joshi cropped.jpg|75px]] [[Manohar Joshi]]
|-
|27
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Shiv Sena}}"|
|[[File:Narayan Rane (cropped).jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Narayan Rane]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Kudal Assembly constituency|Malvan Constituency No. 269]]- [[Sindhudurg District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}} (Chief Minister)
|{{small|01 February}} 1999
|{{small|11 May}} 1999
!{{ayd|1999|02|01|1999|05|11}}
|[[Shiv Sena]]
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Shiv Sena}}"| [[Narayan Rane ministry|'''Rane''']]
|rowspan="2" |[[File:Narayan Rane (cropped).jpg|75px]] [[Narayan Rane]]
|-
|28
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
|
|'''[[Eknath Khadse]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Muktainagar Assembly constituency|Muktainagar Constituency No. 20]]- [[Jalgaon District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|11 May}} 1999
|{{small|17 October}} 1999
!{{ayd|1999|05|11|1999|10|17}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|29
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[File:Vilasrao_Deshmukh_at_Innovation_Partnerships_Event_May_8,_2012.jpg|75px]]
| '''[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Latur City Assembly constituency|Latur City Constituency No. 235]]- [[Latur District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}} (Chief Minister)
|{{small|19 October}} 1999
|{{small|27 October}} 1999
!{{ayd|1999|10|19|1999|10|27}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[First Deshmukh ministry|'''Deshmukh I''']]
|rowspan="2" |[[File:Vilasrao_Deshmukh_at_Innovation_Partnerships_Event_May_8,_2012.jpg|75px]] [[Vilasrao Deshmukh]]
|-
|30
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh}}"|
|
| '''Makhram Pawar''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Murtizapur Assembly constituency|Murtizapur Constituency No. 32]]- [[Akola District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|27 October}} 1999
|{{small|16 January}} 2003
!{{ayd|1999|10|27|2003|01|16}}
|[[Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh]]
|-
|31
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}"|
|[[File:Padamsinh Bajirao Patil (dr- Saheb) 2014-05-17 06-38.jpg|80px]]
| '''[[Padamsinh Bajirao Patil]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Osmanabad Assembly constituency|Osmanabad Constituency No. 242]]- [[Osmanabad District]] '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|18 January}} 2003
|{{small|01 November}} 2004
!{{ayd|2003|01|11|2004|11|01}}
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Sushilkumar Shinde ministry|'''Sushilkumar''']]
|rowspan="1" |[[File:Shri Sushilkumar Shinde, in New Delhi on August 06, 2009 (cropped).jpg|75px]] [[Sushilkumar Shinde]]
|-
|32
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[File:Vilasrao_Deshmukh_at_Innovation_Partnerships_Event_May_8,_2012.jpg|75px]]
| '''[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Latur City Assembly constituency|Latur City Constituency No. 235]]- [[Latur District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}} (Chief Minister)
|{{small|01 November}} 2004
|{{small|09 November}} 2004
!{{ayd|2004|11|01|2004|11|09}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Second Deshmukh ministry|'''Deshmukh II''']]
|rowspan="2" |[[File:Vilasrao_Deshmukh_at_Innovation_Partnerships_Event_May_8,_2012.jpg|75px]] [[Vilasrao Deshmukh]]
|-
|33
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
| '''[[Patangrao Kadam]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Palus-Kadegaon Assembly constituency|Palus-Kadegaon Constituency No. 285]]- [[Sangli District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|09 November}} 2004
|{{small|01 December}} 2008
!{{ayd|2004|11|09|2008|12|01}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|34
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
| '''[[Ravisheth Patil]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Pen Assembly constituency|Pen Constituency No. 191]]- [[Raigad District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|08 December}} 2008
|{{small|06 November}} 2009
!{{ayd|2008|12|08|2009|11|06}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[First Ashok Chavan ministry|'''Ashok I''']]
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Ashok Chavan With Coat.jpeg|80px]] [[Ashok Chavan]]
|-
|35
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[File:Nitin Raut.jpeg|75px]]
| '''[[Nitin Raut]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Nagpur North Assembly constituency|Nagpur North Constituency No. 57]]- [[Nagpur District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|07 November}} 2009
|{{small|10 November}} 2010
!{{ayd|2009|11|07|2010|11|10}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="1"bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Second Ashok Chavan ministry|'''Ashok II''']]
|-
|36
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
| '''[[Madhukarrao Chavan]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Tuljapur Assembly constituency|Tuljapur Constituency No. 241]] - [[Dharashiv district|Dharashiv District]] Also Previously Known [[Osmanabad District]] '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|11 November}} 2010
|{{small|07 June}} 2014
!{{ayd|2010|11|11|2014|07|07}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="#87CEEB"| [[Prithviraj Chavan ministry|'''Prithviraj''']]
|rowspan="2"| [[File:Prithviraj Chavan - India Economic Summit 2011.jpg|80px]] [[Prithviraj Chavan]]
|-
|37
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
| '''[[Abdul Sattar (Maharashtra politician)|Abdul Sattar Abdul Nabi]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Sillod Assembly constituency|Sillod Constituency No. 104]]- [[Aurangabad district, Maharashtra|Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar District]] Also Previously Known [[Aurangabad district, Maharashtra|Aurangabad District]] '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|07 June}} 2014
|{{small|26 September}} 2014
!{{ayd|2014|07|07|2014|09|26}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|38
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
|
|'''[[Eknath Khadse]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Muktainagar Assembly constituency|Muktainagar Constituency No. 20]]- [[Jalgaon District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|31 October}} 2014
|{{small|04 June}} 2016
!{{ayd|2014|10|31|2016|06|04}}
|rowspan="1"|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|rowspan="3" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"| [[First Fadnavis ministry|'''Fadnavis I''']]
|rowspan="4" |[[File:Eknath Shinde and Devendra Fadnavis with PM Narendra Modi Cropped(2).jpg|75px]] [[Devendra Fadnavis]]
|-
|39
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
|[[File:Pankja Gopinath Munde.jpg|75px]]
| '''[[Pankaja Munde]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Parli Assembly constituency|Parli Constituency No. 233]]- [[Beed District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|04 June}} 2016
|{{small|08 July}} 2016
!{{ayd|2016|06|04|2016|07|08}}
|rowspan="1"|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|40
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Rashtriya Samaj Paksha}}"|
|
| '''[[Mahadev Jankar]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|MLC]] for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 30 - [[Parbhani District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|Legislative Council]])'''''}}
|{{small|08 July}} 2016
|{{small|12 November}} 2019
!{{ayd|2016|07|08|2019|11|12}}
|[[Rashtriya Samaj Paksha]]
|-
|41
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
| [[File:Devendra Fadnavis @Vidhan Sabha 04-03-2021.jpg|75px]]
|'''[[Devendra Fadnavis]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Nagpur South West Assembly constituency|Nagpur South West Constituency No. 52]]- [[Nagpur District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}} (Chief_Minister) ''In Charge''
|{{small|23 November}} 2019
|{{small|28 November}} 2019
!{{ayd|2019|11|23|2019|11|28}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"| [[Second Fadnavis ministry|'''Fadnavis II''']]
|-
|42
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
|'''[[Balasaheb Thorat]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Sangamner Assembly constituency|Sangamner Constituency No. 217]]- [[Ahmednagar District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|28 November}} 2019
|{{small|30 December}} 2019
!{{ayd|2019|11|28|2019|12|30}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Shiv Sena}}"| [[Thackeray ministry|'''Thackeray''']]
|rowspan="2" |[[File:The Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Shri Uddhav Thackeray calling on the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, in New Delhi on February 21, 2020 (Uddhav Thackeray) (cropped).jpg|75px]] [[Uddhav Thackeray]]
|-
|43
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|
| '''[[Aslam Shaikh]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Malad West Assembly constituency|Malad West Constituency No. 162]]- [[Mumbai Suburban District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|30 December}} 2019
|{{small|29 June}} 2022
!{{ayd|2019|12|30|2022|06|29}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|44
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Shiv Sena (2022–present)}}"|
| [[File:Eknath Shinde with PM Narendra Modi Cropped.jpg|75px]]
|'''[[Eknath Shinde]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Kopri-Pachpakhadi Assembly constituency|Kopri-Pachpakhadi Constituency No. 147]]- [[Thane District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}} (Chief Minister) ''In Charge''
|{{small|30 June}} 2022
|{{small|14 August}} 2022
!{{ayd|2022|06|30|2022|08|14}}
|[[Shiv Sena (2022–present)]]
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"| [[Eknath Shinde ministry|'''Eknath''']]
|rowspan="2" |[[File:Eknath Shinde with PM Narendra Modi Cropped.jpg|75px]] [[Eknath Shinde]]
|-
|45
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
| [[File:Sudhir Mungantiwar1.png|75px]]
|'''[[Sudhir Mungantiwar]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Ballarpur Assembly constituency|Ballarpur Constituency No. 72]]- [[Chandrapur District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|14 August}} 2022
|{{small|26 November}} 2024
!{{ayd|2022|07|14|2024|11|26}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|46
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
|[[File:Devendra Fadnavis @Vidhan Sabha 04-03-2021.jpg|75px]]
|'''[[Devendra Fadnavis]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Nagpur South West Assembly constituency|Nagpur South West Constituency No. 52]]- [[Nagpur District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}} (Chief_Minister) ''In Charge''
|{{small|05 December}} 2024
|{{small|21 December}} 2024
!{{ayd|2024|12|05|2024|12|21}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"| [[Third Fadnavis ministry|'''Fadnavis III''']]
|rowspan="2" |[[File:Eknath Shinde and Devendra Fadnavis with PM Narendra Modi Cropped(2).jpg|75px]] [[Devendra Fadnavis]]
|-
|47
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
|[[File:Nitesh rane at ministry meeting (cropped).jpg|75px]]
|'''[[Nitesh Narayan Rane]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Kankavli Assembly constituency|Kankavli-Vaibhavwadi-Devgad Constituency No. 268]]- [[Sindhudurg District]]) '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|21 December}} 2024
|''Incumbent''
!{{ayd|2024|12|21}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|}

==Ministers of State ==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" |No.
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |Portrait
! rowspan="2" style="width:16em" |Deputy Minister {{small|(Constituency)}}
! colspan="3" |Term of office
! rowspan="2" style="width:8em" |Political party
! rowspan="2"| Ministry
! rowspan="2" style="width:9em" |Minister
! rowspan="2" style="width:9em" |Chief Minister
|-
!style="width:6em"| From
!style="width:6em"| To
!Period
|-
!colspan="11"| Deputy Minister of Fisheries
|-
!colspan="04"| '''''Vacant'''''
|{{small|23 November}} 2019
|{{small|28 November}} 2019
!{{ayd|2019|11|23|2019|11|28}}
|NA
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"| [[Second Fadnavis ministry|'''Fadnavis II''']]
|[[Devendra Fadnavis]]
|rowspan="1" |[[File:Eknath Shinde and Devendra Fadnavis with PM Narendra Modi Cropped(2).jpg|75px]] [[Devendra Fadnavis]]
|-
|01
|style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}"|
|[[File:Dattatray Bharane.jpg|75px]]
|'''[[Dattatray Vithoba Bharne]]''' {{small|([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] for [[Indapur Assembly constituency|Indapur Constituency No. 200]]- [[Pune District]] '''''([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]])'''''}}
|{{small|30 December}} 2019
|{{small|29 June}} 2022
!{{ayd|2019|12|30|2022|06|29}}
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Shiv Sena}}"| [[Thackeray ministry|'''Thackeray''']]
| [[Aslam Shaikh]]
|rowspan="1" |[[File:The Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Shri Uddhav Thackeray calling on the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, in New Delhi on February 21, 2020 (Uddhav Thackeray) (cropped).jpg|75px]] [[Uddhav Thackeray]]
|-
!colspan="04"| '''''Vacant '''''
|{{small|30 June}} 2022
|{{small|26 November}} 2024
!{{ayd|2022|06|30|2024|11|26}}
|NA
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"| [[Eknath Shinde ministry|'''Eknath''']]
|
*[[Eknath Shinde]] (2022 - 2022)
*[[Sudhir Mungantiwar]] (2022 – 2024)
|rowspan="1" |[[File:Eknath Shinde with PM Narendra Modi Cropped.jpg|75px]] [[Eknath Shinde]]
|-
!colspan="04"| ''''' Vacant'''''
|{{small|21 December}} 2024
|''incumbent''
!{{ayd|2024|12|21}}
|NA
|rowspan="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"| [[Third Fadnavis ministry|'''Fadnavis III''']]
| rowspan="1"|[[Nitesh Rane]] (2024 – Present)
|rowspan="1" |[[File:Eknath Shinde and Devendra Fadnavis with PM Narendra Modi Cropped(2).jpg|75px]] [[Devendra Fadnavis]]
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{State agencies of Maharashtra}}

[[Category:Government ministries of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Subnational fisheries ministries|Maharashtra]]

Pravin Arlekar

2026-04-20T08:42:46Z

Maleeha: starting first stub basic info

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Pravin Arlekar
| birth_name = Pravin Prabhakar Arlekar
| caption = Official portrait in 2022
| image =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| office = Member of [[Goa Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Pernem Assembly constituency|Pernem]]
| term_start = 10 March 2022
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Manohar Ajgaonkar]]
| successor =
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (2022- till date)
| other_party = [[Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party]]
| spouse =
| children =
| education = 8th Pass
| alma_mater = Mark Fernandes Memorial High School
| profession = Business
| website =
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
| source =
}}

'''Pravin Prabhakar Arlekar''' is an Indian politician and a member of the [[Goa Legislative Assembly]]. He won the [[Pernem (Goa Assembly constituency)|Pernem Assembly constituency]] on the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] ticket in the [[2022 Goa Legislative Assembly election]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/in-ajgaonkars-pernem-bjp-inducts-mgp-probable-pravin-arlekar/articleshow/88654285.cms|title=In Ajgaonkar's Pernem, BJP inducts MGP probable Pravin Arlekar|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=3 January 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.prudentmedia.in/politics/mgp-leader-pravin-arlekar-shifts-residence-now-a-pednekar/18266.html|title=MGP LEADER PRAVIN ARLEKAR SHIFTS RESIDENCE, NOW A 'PEDNEKAR'|website=Prudent Media}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://myneta.info/goa2022/candidate.php?candidate_id=131|title=Pravin Arlekar (Criminal & Asset Declaration)|website=My Neta.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/bjp-inducts-mgps-candidate-arlekar/articleshow/88675394.cms|title=BJP inducts MGP's candidate Arlekar|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 January 2022 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Arlekar, Pravin}}
[[Category:1975 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Goa MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Goa]]
[[Category:Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party politicians]]
[[Category:Politicians from North Goa district]]

{{Goa-BJP-politician-stub}}

Nachhatar Pal

2026-04-20T05:25:36Z

Maleeha: adding a stub basic info.

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Nachhatar Pal
| image =
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| order =
| office = [[Punjab Legislative Assembly|Member of the Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2022
| term_end = 
| constituency = [[Nawan Shahr Assembly Constituency|Nawan Shahr]]
| predecessor = [[Angad Singh (INC politician)|Angad Singh]]
| successor =
| order2 = 
| office2 = 
| term_start2 = 
| term_end2 = 

| pronunciation =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 
| birth_place = Nawan Shahr
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| death_cause =
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates =
| citizenship =
| party = [[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
| education =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Businessman
| profession =
| known_for =
| salary =
| cabinet =
| committees =
| portfolio =
| awards = 
| blank1 =
| data1 =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| signature_size =
| website =
| nickname =
}}
'''Nachhatar Pal''' is an Indian politician representing the [[Nawan Shahr Assembly constituency]] in the [[Punjab Legislative Assembly]]. He is a member of the [[Bahujan Samaj Party]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Nawanshahr BSP MLA Dr Nachhatar Pal gets rousing welcome |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/jalandhar/bsp-mla-gets-rousing-welcome-378223 |access-date=23 January 2024 |publisher=Tribune News Service}}</ref>

==Member of Legislative Assembly==
He represents the [[Nawan Shahr Assembly constituency]] as MLA in Punjab Assembly.

Committee assignments of Punjab Legislative Assembly
*Member - Committee on the Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes<ref>{{cite web |title=COMMITTEE ON WELFARE OF SCHEDULED CASTE, SCHEDULED TRIBES AND BACKWARD CLASSES |url=https://punjabassembly.nic.in/(S(tgfhbdqvtpkpvfuaeky0sgsr))/Committees/CommitteeOnWelfareOfSCSTBC |website=Punjab Vidhan Sabha |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref>
*Member - committee on Petitions<ref>{{cite web |title=COMMITTEE ON PETITIONS |url=https://punjabassembly.nic.in/(S(dch345ltc2bct2we5qoji4ln))/Committees/CommitteeOnPetitions |website=Punjab Vidhan Sabha |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref>

==Electoral performance ==
{{transcluded section|source=Nawan Shahr Assembly constituency}}
{{#section:Nawan Shahr Assembly constituency|Assembly Election 2022}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pal, Nachhatar}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:Bahujan Samaj Party politicians from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{BSP-politician-stub}}

Manas Majumdar

2026-04-20T01:53:08Z

Maleeha: adding the data nd citations

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Manas Majumdar
| image =
| caption =
| office = Member of the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2016
| term_end = 2021
| constituency = [[Goghat Assembly constituency|Goghat]]
| predecessor = [[Biswanath Karak]]
| successor = [[Biswanath Karak]]
| birth_place =
| birth_date =
| spouse =
| party = [[Trinamool Congress]]
| alma_mater = Shobhit University
| profession = Politician
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Manas Majumdar''' is an Indian politician from [[West Bengal]]. He was elected as a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] in [[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]] from Goghat, as a member of the [[Trinamool Congress]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=MANAS MAJUMDAR (Winner) GOGHAT (SC) (HOOGHLY) - Affidavit Information of Candidate|url=https://www.myneta.info/westbengal2016/candidate.php?candidate_id=1628|access-date=2025-05-25|website=myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=West Bengal Assembly Election Results in 2016|url=https://www.elections.in/west-bengal/assembly-constituencies/2016-election-results.html|access-date=2025-05-25|website=Elections.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Goghat Assembly Constituency Election Result|url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/goghat-west-bengal-assembly-constituency|access-date=2025-05-25|website=Result University}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 2016–2021]]
[[Category:Trinamool Congress politicians from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:People from Hooghly district]]

{{WestBengal-AITC-politician-stub}}

LPN Shahdeo

2026-04-20T01:06:32Z

Maleeha: new new post

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| honorific_prefix = Justice
| birth_name = Lal Pingla Nath Shahdeo
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1930|1|3}}
| birth_place = Kaamta, [[Latehar district]], [[Chota Nagpur Division]], [[Bihar and Orissa Province]] (now [[Jharkhand]]), India
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2012|01|10|1930|1|3}}
| death_place = [[Ranchi]], [[Jharkhand]]
| education =
| alma_mater = {{unbulleted list|[[Ranchi College]]}}
| occupation = Jurist and Jharkhand Movement Political Activist
| years_active =
| spouse = Prabha Shahdeo
| parents =
| children = {{unbulleted list|Pratul Shahdeo|Sangita Deo|Kriti Singh|Babita Singh|Shilpi Singhdeo}}
| relatives = {{unbulleted list| Mr Ratan Kumar| Dr Ashok Kumar Singh|Mr Pankaj Singh|Mr Subir Singhdeo}}
| awards =
}}

'''Lal Pingla Nath Shahdeo''' (3 January 1930 – 10 January 2012) was an Indian jurist and political activist. He had led the movement for a separate Jharkhand state in 1998–99 by forming committee of all political parties. He helped in achieving the status of a separate state for [[Jharkhand]].<ref name="auto">{{cite news|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2018/state-editions/tributes-pour-in-for-justice-shahdeo.html|title=Tributes pour in for Justice Shahdeo|date=10 January 2018|access-date=14 November 2019}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite news|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2019/state-editions/remembering-justice-lpn-shahdeo-on-his-7th-death-anniversary.html|title=Remembering Justice LPN Shahdeo on his 7th death anniversary|date=10 January 2019|access-date=14 November 2019}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{cite news|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/ranchi/news/c-181-LCL-jharkhand-movement-leader-lpn-shahadev-sixth-death-anniversary-NOR.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407052326/https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/ranchi/news/c-181-LCL-jharkhand-movement-leader-lpn-shahadev-sixth-death-anniversary-NOR.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 April 2018|title=Jharkhand movement leader LPN Shahdeo sixth death anniversary|date=9 January 2018|access-date=14 November 2019}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{cite news|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/ranchi/news/justice-lpn-shahdev-had-added-all-sections-to-the-jharkhand-movement-dr-dinesh-oraon-040051-3635339.html|title=न्यायमूर्ति एलपीएन शाहदेव ने झारखंड आंदोलन में सभी वर्गों को जोड़ा था : डॉ. दिनेश उरांव|date=11 January 2019|access-date=14 November 2019}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
He was born on 3 January 1930 in a [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi]] royal family in Kaamta village of [[Latehar district]] in [[Bihar and Orissa Province]] (now [[Jharkhand]]). He completed his primary education in a government school and matriculation from Balkrishna High school in Ranchi. After graduation from [[Ranchi College]], he completed his study of law in 1954.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2022/state-editions/justice-lpn-shahdeo----hero-of-statehood-movement.html|title=Justice LPN Shahdeo —hero of Statehood movement|website=dailypioneer|date=10 January 2022|access-date=4 April 2022}}</ref>

His Late Wife was Smt. Prabha Shahdeo and they are survived by 5 children - Mrs. Sangita Singhdeo, Mrs. Kriti Singh, Mrs. Babita Singh, Mrs Shilpi Singhdeo and Pratul Shahdeo.<ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/>

==Career==
Lal Pingley Nath Shahdeo joined judicial services in 1958 and his first posting was at post of munsif in [[Hazaribagh]]. He became the first person of Jharkhand to become a judge in the High Court. He became the district and session judge of [[Dhanbad]] in 1989. He was the judge at Ranchi bench of Patna High Court from 1986 to 1992.

He was a supporter of separate state since long. In 1992, after retiring from High Court, he started supporting the movement on public platforms, through his writings in local newspapers and helping in legal issue. He led the movement in 1998-99, when the movement was falling apart. In 1998, the [[Union government]] decided to send the Bill concerning formation of Jharkhand State to [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] to which [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]] had said that the State would be divided over his dead body.

[[BJP]], [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|JMM]], [[AJSU]], [[Indian National Congress|Congress]], a total of 16 political parties came in one platform and formed 'All Party Separate State Formation Committee' to start the movement. Justice Shahdeo was elected as the convener of the committee.

The voting on Jharkhand Act was to be done on 21 September 1998 in Bihar legislation. On that day, the committee under the leadership of Justice Shahdeo called for Jharkhand Bandh and organised a protest march. Thousands of supporters of separate state took to streets in leadership of Justice Shadeo by the slogan of ''Pehle mati, fir Party''. He was arrested and detained in kotwali police station for hours along with many supporters.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto1"/>

==Death==
He died on 10 January 2012 at the age of 82.<ref name="auto1"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shahdeo, LPN}}
[[Category:People from Jharkhand]]
[[Category:People from Ranchi]]
[[Category:People from Latehar district]]
[[Category:1930 births]]
[[Category:2012 deaths]]
[[Category:Nagpuria people]]

Sonawar Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:16:23Z

Maleeha: entry.

{{Short description|Constituency of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Sonawar
| mla = TBA
| party = TBA
| latest_election_year = [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2014]]
| state = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| district = [[Srinagar district|Srinagar]]
| established = 1996
| abolished = 2018
| type= SLA
}}
'''Sonawar''' was a legislative constituency in the [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] a north state of [[India]]. Sonawar was also part of [[Srinagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Srinagar Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/12211-delimitation-of-constituencies-in-jammu-kashmir-assamarunachal-pradesh-manipur-and-nagaland-notification-dated-06032020/ |title=Delimitation of Constituencies in Jammu-Kashmir, Assam,Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur and Nagaland - Notification dated 06.03.2020 - Delimitation - Election Commission of India |newspaper=eci.gov.in |accessdate=2021-06-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13193-delimitation-of-constituencies-in-jammu-kashmir-notification-dated-03032021/ |title=Delimitation of Constituencies in Jammu-Kashmir - Notification dated 03.03.2021 - Presidential Orders/ Delimitation Commission Orders |website=Election Commission of India |date= 3 March 2021 |accessdate= 2021-06-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sitting and previous MLAs from Sonawar Assembly Constituency|url=https://www.elections.in/jammu-and-kashmir/assembly-constituencies/sonawar.html|access-date=2021-06-20|website=Elections.in}}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
| [[1996 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1996]] || Ghulam Mohammed Bawan || {{Full party name with color|Jammu & Kashmir National Conference|rowspan=3}}
|-
| [[2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2002]] || [[Mohammad Yasin Shah]]
|-
| [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || [[Farooq Abdullah]]
|-
| [[2009 elections in India#Jammu and Kashmir|2009 By-election]] || [[Mohammad Yasin Shah]] || {{Full party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir National Conference}}
|-
| [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2014]] || [[Mohammad Ashraf Mir]] || {{Full party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party}}
|}

== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 2014 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sonawar<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Jammu & Kashmir 2014 - Jammu & Kashmir - Election Commission of India |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190613150235/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-date=2019-06-13 |access-date= |website=eci.gov.in}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Mohammad Ashraf Mir]] |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=14,283 |percentage=41.88% |change={{decrease}}5.16 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Omar Abdullah]] |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=9,500 |percentage=27.85% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Peer Bilal Ahmad |party=Independent politician |votes=4,394 |percentage=12.88% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Laldin Mir |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference |votes=1,996 |percentage=5.85% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Darakhshan Andrabi |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=1,100 |percentage=3.23% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Khem Lata Wakhlu |party=Indian National Congress |votes=808 |percentage=2.37% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Parvez Jamal |party=Independent politician |votes=458 |percentage=1.34% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=305 |percentage=0.89% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,783 |percentage=14.02% |change= {{increase}}13.77 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=34,107 |percentage=44.00% |change= {{increase}}15.58 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 77,512 |ref = |change= {{increase}}11.95 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |loser=Jammu and Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}5.42 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly By-election 2009 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2009 elections in India#Jammu and Kashmir|2009 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly by-election]] : Sonawar}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Mohammad Yasin Shah]] |party=Jammu and Kashmir National Conference |votes=9,306 |percentage=47.29% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Ashraf Mir |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=9,256 |percentage=47.04% |change={{increase}}19.18 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Ahmad Shah |party=Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference |votes=1,115 |percentage=5.67% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=50 |percentage=0.25% |change= {{decrease}}0.12 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=19,677 |percentage=28.42% |change= {{decrease}}8.24 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 69,235 |ref = |change= {{increase}}2.12 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Jammu and Kashmir National Conference |loser=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{increase}}19.06 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2008 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sonawar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2008 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225073739/https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2024|access-date=25 December 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Farooq Abdullah]] |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=7,018 |percentage=28.23% |change={{decrease}}26.42 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sheikh Ghulam Qadir Pardesi |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=6,924 |percentage=27.86% |change={{increase}}0.25 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Khem Lata Wakhloo |party=Indian National Congress |votes=4,301 |percentage=17.30% |change={{increase}}6.52 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bashir Ahmad Kathoo |party=Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party |votes=894 |percentage=3.60% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Syed Mohammed Shah |party=Independent politician |votes=743 |percentage=2.99% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Merajuddin Ganai |party=Rashtriya Janata Dal |votes=712 |percentage=2.86% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rafi Ud Din Ahmed |party=Independent politician |votes=530 |percentage=2.13% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=94 |percentage=0.38% |change= {{decrease}}26.67 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=24,856 |percentage=36.66% |change= {{increase}}26.70 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 67,796 |ref = |change= {{increase}}7.15 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |loser=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}26.42 }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly Election 2002 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sonawar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2002 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/StatRep_JK_02.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127192246/http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/StatRep_JK_02.pdf|archive-date=27 January 2013|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Mohammad Yasin Shah]] |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=3,445 |percentage=54.66% |change={{decrease}}4.26 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Hussain Wani |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=1,740 |percentage=27.61% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Khemlata Wakhloo |party=Indian National Congress |votes=680 |percentage=10.79% |change={{decrease}}5.82 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gopi Krishen Mujoo |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=232 |percentage=3.68% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Hafiza Bagum |party=Independent politician |votes=206 |percentage=3.27% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,705 |percentage=27.05% |change= {{decrease}}13.15 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=6,303 |percentage=9.96% |change= {{decrease}}22.47 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 63,272 |ref = |change= {{increase}}22.44 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |loser=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}4.26 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1996 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1996 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sonawar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1996 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-JK96.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117084805/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-JK96.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Mohammed Bawan |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=9,873 |percentage=58.92% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bashir Ahmad Kuthoo |party=Janata Dal |votes=3,137 |percentage=18.72% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sheikh Ghulam Qadir Pardesi |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,783 |percentage=16.61% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Rashid Lone |party=Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party |votes=572 |percentage=3.41% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Hafiza Begum |party=Independent politician |votes=307 |percentage=1.83% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=6,736 |percentage=40.20% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=16,757 |percentage=34.50% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 51,675 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
==See also==
* [[Sonwar Bagh]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|34.071|74.846|display=title}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Srinagar district]]
[[Category:Politics of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:1996 establishments in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2019]]
[[Category:2019 disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1996]]

Battle of Point 4875

2026-04-16T15:00:21Z

Maleeha: created article

{{Short description|Battle during the Kargil War of 1999}}

{{Infobox battle
| conflict = Capture of point 4875
| place = [[Dras|Dras, Kargil]]
| partof = [[Kargil War]]
| date = 4 - 7 July 1999
| result = Indian victory
| territory = Point 4875 recaptured by India
| combatant1 = {{flag|India}}
| combatant2 = {{flag|Pakistan}}
| commander1 = Mohinder Puri Rakesh Kumar Kakkar [[Yogesh Kumar Joshi]] S Vijay Bhasker Gurpreet Singh [[Vikram Batra]] {{KIA}} [[Naveen Nagappa]]{{WIA}} [[Lt.Amit Goyal]]
| units1 = [[File:Jammu & Kashmir Rifles.svg|20px]] [[Jammu and Kashmir Rifles|13th Jammu and Kashmir Rifles]]
| units2 = {{flagicon image|PA NLI.png}} [[Northern Light Infantry Regiment]]
| commander2 = ''Unknown''
}}
The '''Battle of Point 4875''' took place from 4 to 7 July 1999 and was a pivotal military offensive carried out by the 13th Jammu and Kashmir Rifles battalion in the [[Kargil War|Kargil War of 1999]]. The battle was an Indian success.

== Background ==
The 13 JAK Rifles was placed under the command of the 79 Mountain Brigade after their [[Battle of point 5140|victory at point 5140]].{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} The next assignment for Lt Col YK Joshi's battalion was to capture Point 4875, a strategically important peak located in the [[Mushkoh Valley]].{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} Since the feature dominated the [[National Highway 1 (India)|National Highway 1]] completely from Dras to Matayan, it became imperative for the Indian Army to capture Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=179}} A stretch of 30–40 kilometres of the national highway was under direct observation of the infiltrators.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} From Point 4875, Pakistani [[Artillery observer|artillery observers]] could easily see Indian gun positions, army camps and troop movement, and bring down effective artillery fire at will.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=177}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=179}}

== Overview ==
On 1 July 1999, Major S Vijay Bhaskar, 'A' Company commander, and Lt. Col. Joshi, commanding officer of the 13 JAK Rifles, conducted their preliminary reconnaissance, after climbing to a vantage point, and formulated an attack plan.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} Subsequently, on 2 July, GOC-8 Mountain Division, Maj Gen Mohinder Puri and Brig Rajesh Kumar Kakkar Commander 79 Mountain Brigade and Lt Col Y.K. Joshi, Commanding Officer 13th JAK Rifles gathered at 79 Mountain Brigades headquarters, to discuss the plan.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}}

The battalion was deployed to [[Fire support base|firebase]], located in a defiladed area, approximately 1500 metres from Point 4875. Over the two days, on 2 and 3 July, weapons carriers from the 13 JAK Rifles and 28 [[Rashtriya Rifles]] dumped ammunition and heavy weapons.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} During the day of 4 July, the company commanders of 'A' and 'C' Companies, Major S.V. Bhaskar and Major Gurpreet Singh, conducted their final reconnaissance and showed the objectives to their 'O' groups.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}

At 1800 hours that same day, artillery bombardment of the infiltrator positions on Point 4875 commenced,{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} and continued throughout the whole night.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=180}} [[Haubits FH77|155 mm Bofors Howitzers]], [[Indian Field Gun|105 mm Field Guns]], and multi barrel rocket launchers were used in the bombardment of Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Bhattacharya|2014|p=139}} At 2030 hours, under cover of artillery fire, 'A' and 'C' Companies began climbing the Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=181}} Capt Vikram Batra was excused from the offensive because he was down with fever and fatigue.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=179}}{{sfn|Bhattacharya|2014|p=140}}

Both the assault companies were leading the offensive from the right flank. The soldiers had to take out enemy pockets of resistance which they encountered en route. However at one point, a strategically located machine gun halted the advance, and by first light the troops were still 50 meters short of the target. Now it was getting dangerous because in daylight, Indian soldiers could easily be seen by the Pakistanis. The attack was also halted by very effective sniper fire from Pakistani soldiers hiding behind rocks.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=181}}

At 0430 hours, the two companies deployed their [[Automatic firearm|automatic weapons]] and began to fire at the well-fortified Pakistani positions at the top of the feature.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} The infiltrators were bringing down [[small arms]] fire and [[sniper]] fire, which effectively blocked the advance of the Indian troops.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} At around 1015 hours on 5 July, the commanding officer of 'C' company spoke to the battalion commanding officer and explained his company's predicament and the area from where the enemy was bringing in fire on them.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} Brigadier Kakkar was personally supervising operations.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=181}} At this juncture, the battalion commanding officer, Lt Col Joshi personally fired two [[9K111 Fagot|Fagot]] missiles in quick succession from the fire base and neutralised the position.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=184}} Brigadier Kakkar watched the firing of the missiles through his binoculars. The bunker received a direct hit and the Pakistani soldiers were seen fleeing from it.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} The Indian troops then promptly began advancing again.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=181}} Soon, Company C with two sections, led by Major Gurpreet Singh assaulted the enemy position.{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=184}}{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} By 1300 hours, these troops had captured Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} Subsequently, both 'A' and 'C' Companies linked up. They then consolidated their hold on Point 4875, however the Indian troops continued to receive artillery and machine-gun fire from Pimple 2 and area North of Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=278}}

At 2200 hours on 5 July, from a Pakistani position north of Point 4875, the infiltrators brought heavy and accurate fire on the two companies. In the early hours of the following morning at 0445 hours, 'C' Company reported they were in a heavy firefight and were running out of ammunition. Company B, the reserve company, promptly brought up the ammunition after which the firefight continued.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}

The Indian victory would not have been complete without the capture of 'Area Flat Top',{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=183}} an adjacent peak and part of Pakistani defences on Point 4875.{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=178}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=183}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=179}} But the infiltrators launched an immediate counterattack to take back the Area Flat Top they had lost. Young Captain NA Nagappa was holding Flat Top. He had a small force but he fought ferociously to beat back the offensive. The first counter-attack was beaten back. The Pakistanis too were facing the same problem of climbing, with the Indian Army on top shooting at them.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=184}} A shell hit Area Flat Top, seriously injuring Captain Naveen Nagappa who was shooting at the advancing Pakistani soldiers. Splinters pierced through both his legs and he fell unconscious.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=184}} Taking advantage of this situation, the Pakistanis started climbing faster.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=184}}{{sfn|Rathore|2016|p=103}}

Capt Vikram Batra, who was observing the situation from base, went to his commanding officer and volunteered.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=185}} Despite not in favor of deploying Batra to the field, he was deployed because of urgent need of reinforcement on the area flat top.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=185}} Several of his battalion's soldiers volunteered to accompany Batra even before any Company could be ordered.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=185}}

It was pitch black night when the newly formed Delta company under Capt Batra began the climb.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|pp=185–186}} On the night of 6–7 July, the opposing forces were so close that besides exchanges of small arms fire, verbal exchanges continued throughout the night.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=179}} It was at this stage where it became imperative for Indian troops to destroy this Pakistani post, located north of Point 4875, from where fire was coming as otherwise the situation could become worse.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} At this juncture, the Indian troops detected the Pakistani presence on a long and narrow [[Ridge|ledge]], running north from Point 4875. On the ledge, the enemy were holding strong [[Sangar (fortification)|sangars]] echeloned one behind the other.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} En route to the top, Batra spotted a Pakistani machine gun position firing at the trapped Indian soldiers. Crouching, he moved toward the machine gun position, hiding behind rocks whenever possible. As he reached close to the enemy's machine gun position he lobbed a grenade, destroying the machine gun position.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=186}} Before first light on the 7th, the troops succeeded in knocking out two more enemy machine guns, however, firing from the ledge continued.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=186}} Batra's platoon soon reached the ledge, though by this time it was broad daylight.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|pp=186–187}}

At 0530 hours Lt. Col. Joshi spoke to Batra and asked him to reconnoiter the area.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=274}} Batra, accompanied by Subedar Raghunath Singh and Major Bhat, his artillery observation officer, took out a patrol to recce a route to re-inforce Naveen from a flank.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=279}} Batra located the position of the sangar on the ledge from which enemy machine guns were holding up the advance of his company.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=279}} At this juncture, Batra, realising there was no way from the left or right, decided to make a direct assault in daylight itself.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=274}} Under heavy fire from enemy machine guns and grenade firing launchers, Batra moved forward, screaming the battle cry of [[Jammu & Kashmir Rifles|JAK RIF]] – ''Durga mata ki jai'',{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}} and charged the sangar firing incessantly from his [[AK-47]]. He sustained grievous injuries in the process, yet he continued his charge, with supporting fire from the rest of the patrol, and upon reaching the very narrow entrance of the sangar and taking the enemy by complete surprise, he killed 5 Pakistani soldiers in a [[Close quarters combat|close-quarter battle]].{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=274}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=279}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=180}}{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=124}} The attack resulted in seven Pakistani soldiers killed{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}} after which the Indians gained a foothold on the ledge.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=274}} Taken by surprise by the attack, Pakistanis started retreating. Batra and his men had gained the upper hand by now.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}} Batra pulled out a bleeding Naveen from the bunker.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Firoz Khan |first=Taniya |date=27 July 2021 |title=This Kargil War Veteran Recalls How Captain Vikram Batra Saved His Life Before Getting Martyred |url=https://www.scoopwhoop.com/news/kargil-war-veteran-recalls-how-captain-vikram-batra-saved-his-life-before-getting-martyred/ |access-date=27 July 2021 |publisher=scoopwhoop}}</ref> However, there was still a machine gun nest in action on that ledge that had to be silenced. Four Pakistani soldiers including a [[junior commissioned officer]] (JCO), who was guiding the fire on the Indian soldiers fighting outside, were manning the machine gun nest. Batra charged forward alone, killing all four members of the crew.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}}

Batra realised one of his men had been shot. Batra was shot in the chest by an enemy sniper from very close range in the process of rescuing this soldier, and a split-second later, by a splinter from an [[Rocket-propelled grenade|RPG]] which hit him in the head.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=124}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=275}}{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=185}} Batra collapsed next to the injured soldier, succumbing to the fatal wounds.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=279}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=275}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book |last=Rawat |first=Rachna Bisht |year=2014 |title=The Brave: Param Vir Chakra Stories |publisher=Penguin Books India Private Limited |isbn=9780143422358 }}
* {{cite book |last=Bammi |first=Y. M. |year=2002 |title=Kargil 1999, impregnable conquered |publisher=Gorkha Publishers |isbn=9788175253520 }}
* {{cite book |last=Malik |first=V. P. |year=2006 |title=Kargil from Surprise to Victory |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers India |isbn=9788172236359 }}
* {{Cite news |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/1999/99aug23/himachal.htm#3 |title=Profile of a hero |access-date=8 March 2017 |work=The Tribune |date=22 August 1999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430123028/http://www.tribuneindia.com/1999/99aug23/himachal.htm#3 |archive-date=30 April 2017 |url-status=live |ref={{harvid|The Tribune|1999}}}}
* {{cite book |last=Cardozo |first=Ian |year=2003 |title=Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle |publisher=Roli Books Private Limited |isbn=9789351940296 }}
* {{cite book |last=Sawant |first=Gaurav C. |year=2000 |title=Dateline Kargil: A Correspondent's Nine-week Account from the Battlefront |publisher=Macmillan India |isbn=9780333934081 }}
* {{cite book |last=Rathore |first=Azad Singh |year=2016 |title=Kargil: The Heights of Bravery |publisher=Partridge Publishing |isbn=9781482887563 }}
* {{cite book |last=Bhattacharya |first=Samir |year=2014 |title=NOTHING BUT!: BOOK SIX: FAREWELL MY LOVE |publisher=Partridge Publishing |isbn=9781482817867 }}
* {{cite book |last=Singh |first=Amarinder |year=2001 |title=A Ridge Too Far: War in the Kargil Heights 1999 |publisher=Motibagh Palace |isbn=9788193107416 }}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
* [https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/remembering-kargil-veterans-recollect-battle-of-point-4875/videoshow/70242026.cms?from=mdr Remembering Kargil: Veterans recollect Battle of Point 4875], ''[[The Economic Times]]'' (July 2019)

{{coord missing|Ladakh}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Point 4875}}
[[Category:Battles of the Kargil War]]
[[Category:July 1999 in India]]
[[Category:Airstrikes conducted by India]]

Bagepalli Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:19:56Z

Maleeha: created a data

{{Short description|Constituency of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Bagepalli
| type= SLA
| constituency_no = 140
| map_image = 140-Bagepalli constituency.svg
| map_caption = Map of Assembly constituency
| state = [[Karnataka]]
| district = [[Chikkaballapur district|Chikkaballapur ]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Chikballapur Lok Sabha constituency|Chikkaballapur]]
| established = 1962
| reservation = None
| electors = {{formatnum:201055}}<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/15163-karnataka-2023/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2023 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in |access-date=24 July 2023}}</ref>{{update after|2028|7}}
| mla = [[S. N. Subbareddy]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| preceded_by = N. Sampangi
}}
'''Bagepalli Assembly constituency''' is one of the 224 constituencies in the [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]] of [[Karnataka]], a southern state of [[India]]. It is also part of [[Chikballapur Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite news |title=DELIMITATION OF PARLIAMENTARY AND ASSEMBLY CONSTITUENCIES ORDER, 2008 |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |work=Election commission of India |access-date= 9 October 2017}}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1962 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || B. Subbarayappa || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || A. Muniyappa
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || Renuka Rajendran
|-
| [[1978 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1978]] || S. Muni Kaju || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)}}
|-
| [[1983 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1983]] || A. V. Appaswamy Reddy || {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
| [[1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || B. Narayana Swamy || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1989 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1989]] || C. V. Venkatarayappa
|-
| [[1994 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1994]] || G. V. Sreerama Reddy || {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
| [[1999 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1999]] || Sampangi. N || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2004]] || G. V. Sreerama Reddy || {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
| [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || Sampangi. N || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2013]] || rowspan="3" | [[S. N. Subbareddy]] || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
|}

==Election results==
=== Assembly Election 2023 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli<ref name=election2023/><ref name="Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Bagepalli">{{cite news |title=Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Bagepalli |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS10140.htm?ac=140 |access-date=3 May 2025 |work= |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250503075622/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS10140.htm?ac=140 |archive-date=3 May 2025}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[S. N. Subbareddy]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 82,128 |percentage = 47.37% |change = {{increase}}7.43 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = C. Muniraju |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 62,949 |percentage = 36.31% |change = {{increase}}33.79 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. A. Anil Kumar |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 19,621 |percentage = 11.32% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Mithun Reddy |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,723 |percentage = 1.57% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = C. Krishna Reddy |party = Kalyana Rajya Pragathi Paksha |votes = 1,598 |percentage = 0.92% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Madhu Seethappa |party = Aam Aadmi Party |votes = 1,454 |percentage = 0.84% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,003 |percentage = 0.58% |change = {{increase}}0.17 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 19,179 |percentage = 11.06% |change = {{increase}}2.54 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 173,400 |percentage = 86.25% |change = {{increase}}3.14 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 173,372}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 201,055 |ref = |change = {{increase}}1.55 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}7.43 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2018 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[S. N. Subbareddy]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 65,710 |percentage = 39.94% |change = {{increase}}29.38 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. V. Sreerama Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 51,697 |percentage = 31.42% |change = {{increase}}7.24 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. C. R. Manohar |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 38,302 |percentage = 23.28% |change = {{increase}}11.84 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = P. Saikumar |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 4,140 |percentage = 2.52% |change = {{increase}}1.78 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 680 |percentage = 0.41% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 14,013 |percentage = 8.52% |change = {{decrease}}12.44 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 164,541 |percentage = 83.11% |change = {{decrease}}2.44 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 164,528}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 197,982 |ref = |change = {{increase}}12.54 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Independent politician |swing = {{decrease}}5.20 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2013 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2013 : To the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |website=eci.nic.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=2014-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220034253/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[S. N. Subbareddy]] |party = Independent politician |votes = 66,227 |percentage = 45.14% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. V. Sreerama Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 35,472 |percentage = 24.18% |change = {{decrease}}0.92 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Harinathareddy |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 16,779 |percentage = 11.44% |change = {{decrease}}10.95 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sampangi. N |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 15,491 |percentage = 10.56% |change = {{decrease}}15.30 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = R. N. Raghunath Reddy |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,478 |percentage = 1.69% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Venkataravana Reddy |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,666 |percentage = 1.14% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = S. N Subbareddy |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,510 |percentage = 1.03% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = K. A. Srinath |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,184 |percentage = 0.81% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. Narayanaswamy |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 1,084 |percentage = 0.74% |change = {{decrease}}20.16 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 30,755 |percentage = 20.96% |change = {{increase}}20.21 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 150,506 |percentage = 85.55% |change = {{increase}}6.75 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 146,709}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 175,924 |ref = |change = {{increase}}11.02 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Independent politician |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}19.28 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2008 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web |title=General Election Karnataka Legislative Assembly 2008 Election Statistics |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |publisher=Government of Karnataka |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201232433/https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Sampangi. N |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 32,244 |percentage = 25.86% |change = {{decrease}}16.01 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. V. Sreerama Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 31,306 |percentage = 25.10% |change = {{decrease}}26.91 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Nagaraja Reddy. D. J |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 27,926 |percentage = 22.39% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sai Kumar. P |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 26,070 |percentage = 20.90% |change = {{increase}}17.87 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Narasa Reddy. B |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 2,315 |percentage = 1.86% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Babajan |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,146 |percentage = 0.92% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = S. V. Kodanda Rama |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,129 |percentage = 0.91% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Krishnappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 752 |percentage = 0.60% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 938 |percentage = 0.75% |change = {{decrease}}9.39 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 124,873 |percentage = 78.80% |change = {{increase}}4.03 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 124,709}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 158,459 |ref = |change = {{increase}}7.81 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing = {{decrease}}26.15 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2004 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2004 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2004/StatisticalReports_KT_2004.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006204912/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2004/StatisticalReports_KT_2004.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = G. V. Sreerama Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 57,132 |percentage = 52.01% |change = {{increase}}17.09 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sampangi. N |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 45,997 |percentage = 41.87% |change = {{increase}}19.02 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Narasa Reddy. B |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 3,331 |percentage = 3.03% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Nagaraj. S. M |party = Kannada Nadu Party |votes = 2,107 |percentage = 1.92% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Rahathunnisa |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,279 |percentage = 1.16% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 11,135 |percentage = 10.14% |change = {{increase}}7.02 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 109,899 |percentage = 74.77% |change = {{decrease}}1.66 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 109,846}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 146,978 |ref = |change = {{increase}}4.98 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser = Independent politician |swing = {{increase}}13.97 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1999 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1999 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-KT99.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006053217/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-KT99.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Sampangi. N |party = Independent politician |votes = 40,183 |percentage = 38.04% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. V. Sreerama Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 36,885 |percentage = 34.92% |change = {{decrease}}5.40 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Nagaraja Reddy. D. J |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 24,134 |percentage = 22.85% |change = {{decrease}}10.22 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Reddy. G. K |party = Janata Dal (United) |votes = 3,473 |percentage = 3.29% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Penchalaiah. P. N |party = Independent politician |votes = 966 |percentage = 0.91% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,298 |percentage = 3.12% |change = {{decrease}}4.13 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 107,001 |percentage = 76.43% |change = {{increase}}2.55 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 105,641}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 140,006 |ref = |change = {{increase}}12.70 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Independent politician |loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing = {{decrease}}2.28 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1994 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1994 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1994 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StatisticalReport-KT94.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006211324/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StatisticalReport-KT94.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = G. V. Sreerama Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 35,851 |percentage = 40.32% |change = {{decrease}}4.77 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = P. N. Padmanabha Rao |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 29,405 |percentage = 33.07% |change = {{decrease}}14.08 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. Narayanappa |party = Janata Dal |votes = 17,616 |percentage = 19.81% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. R. Narasimha Naidu |party = Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee |votes = 2,581 |percentage = 2.90% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Srinivasa |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,218 |percentage = 2.49% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = A. Ramesh |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 1,251 |percentage = 1.41% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 6,446 |percentage = 7.25% |change = {{increase}}5.19 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 91,777 |percentage = 73.88% |change = {{decrease}}1.74 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 88,922}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 124,227 |ref = |change = {{increase}}10.64 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}6.83 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1989 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1989 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1989 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20karnataka%201989.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007070737/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20karnataka%201989.pdf|archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = C. V. Venkatarayappa |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 37,265 |percentage = 47.15% |change = {{increase}}11.77 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. V. Sreerama Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 35,639 |percentage = 45.09% |change = {{increase}}13.19 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = P. S. Subbareddy |party = Janata Party |votes = 3,306 |percentage = 4.18% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Channakrishnappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,065 |percentage = 1.35% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = R. Lalithamma |party = Independent politician |votes = 637 |percentage = 0.81% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 1,626 |percentage = 2.06% |change = {{decrease}}1.42 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 84,908 |percentage = 75.62% |change = {{increase}}11.23 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 79,031}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 112,283 |ref = |change = {{increase}}22.39 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}11.77 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1985 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201985.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006143216/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201985.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = B. Narayana Swamy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 20,454 |percentage = 35.38% |change = {{decrease}}4.36 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. V. Sreerama Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 18,444 |percentage = 31.90% |change = {{decrease}}26.87 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. Narayanappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 9,982 |percentage = 17.27% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = D. N. Reddy |party = Independent politician |votes = 6,673 |percentage = 11.54% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = C. S. Noor Ahamad |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,025 |percentage = 1.77% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,010 |percentage = 3.48% |change = {{decrease}}15.55 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 59,072 |percentage = 64.39% |change = {{decrease}}9.32 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 57,811}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 91,745 |ref = |change = {{increase}}8.44 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing = {{decrease}}23.39 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1983 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1983 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20Report%201983%20karnatkaa.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007124742/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20Report%201983%20karnatkaa.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = A. V. Appaswamy Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 35,699 |percentage = 58.77% |change = {{increase}}44.46 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = S. Muniraju |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 24,137 |percentage = 39.74% |change = {{increase}}21.60 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Lalithamma |party = Independent politician |votes = 908 |percentage = 1.49% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 11,562 |percentage = 19.03% |change = {{decrease}}10.29 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 62,365 |percentage = 73.71% |change = {{decrease}}1.38 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 60,744}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,621 |percentage = 2.60% |change = {{decrease}}0.73 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 84,608 |ref = |change = {{increase}}7.74 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser = Indian National Congress (I) |swing = {{increase}}11.31 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1978 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1978 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201978.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007164123/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201978.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = S. Muni Kaju |party = Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 27,052 |percentage = 47.46% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = V. Krishna Rao |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 10,337 |percentage = 18.14% |change = {{decrease}}36.86 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = T. L. Chandrashekhara Reddy |party = Janata Party |votes = 8,454 |percentage = 14.83% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = A. V. Appaswamy Reddy |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 8,158 |percentage = 14.31% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = N. Adi Murthy |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,605 |percentage = 2.82% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Lalithamma |party = Independent politician |votes = 846 |percentage = 1.48% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Abdul Latheif Khan |party = Independent politician |votes = 548 |percentage = 0.96% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 16,715 |percentage = 29.32% |change = {{decrease}}6.21 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 58,966 |percentage = 75.09% |change = {{increase}}29.86 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 57,000}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,966 |percentage = 3.33% |change = {{increase}}3.33 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 78,528 |ref = |change = {{decrease}}3.38 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress (I) |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}7.54 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006074555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Renuka Rajendran |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 19,461 |percentage = 55.00% |change = {{increase}}3.38 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = A. Muniyappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 6,890 |percentage = 19.47% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. Narayanaswamy |party = Independent politician |votes = 5,317 |percentage = 15.03% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = N. Muniswamy |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,253 |percentage = 6.37% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. Ramaiah |party = Indian National Congress (Organisation) |votes = 1,460 |percentage = 4.13% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 12,571 |percentage = 35.53% |change = {{increase}}13.31 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 36,760 |percentage = 45.23% |change = {{decrease}}3.83 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 35,381}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 81,279 |ref = |change = {{increase}}15.19 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}3.38 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006083645/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = A. Muniyappa |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 16,517 |percentage = 51.62% |change = {{increase}}0.85 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = N. Adinarayana |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 9,408 |percentage = 29.40% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = T. Thirumalaiah |party = Independent politician |votes = 4,987 |percentage = 15.59% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Venkatarayappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,083 |percentage = 3.38% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 7,109 |percentage = 22.22% |change = {{increase}}20.68 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 34,619 |percentage = 49.06% |change = {{increase}}2.98 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 31,995}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 70,561 |ref = |change = {{increase}}16.37 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}0.85 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1962 ===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1962 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Bagepalli <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Mysore_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006093153/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Mysore_1962.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = B. Subbarayappa |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 12,949 |percentage = 50.77% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = K. M. Muniyappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 12,556 |percentage = 49.23% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 393 |percentage = 1.54% |change = }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 27,941 |percentage = 46.08% |change = }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 25,505}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 60,634 |ref = |change = }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = |swing = }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Chikballapur district]]
* [[List of constituencies of Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Karnataka}}

{{coord|13.77|77.80|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Chikkaballapura district]]
[[Category:Politics of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in Mysore State]]

Khunta Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:07:19Z

Maleeha: new a stub!

{{Short description|Former constituency of the Odisha Legislative Assembly}}

{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Khunta
| type = SLA
| state = [[Odisha]]
| district = [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Mayurbhanj Lok Sabha constituency|Mayurbhanj]]
| established = 1951
| reservation = ST
| abolished = 2008
| electors =
}}

'''Khunta''' was a Assembly constituency from [[Mayurbhanj district]] of [[Odisha]].<ref name=dpaco1951ac>{{cite web|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3968-dpaco-1951/ |title=The Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies (Orissa) Order (1951)|page=3 (209)}}</ref> It was established in 1951 and abolished in 1956.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Election Commission of India |url=http://archive.org/details/dpaco-1956 |title=1956 Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order of India |date=1957}}</ref> It was revived in 1961<ref>{{Cite book |last=Election Commission of India |url=http://archive.org/details/dpaco-1961 |title=1961 Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order of India |date=1961-12-07}}</ref> and abolished in 2008. After 2008 delimitation, It was subsumed by the [[Baripada Assembly constituency]].<ref name="dpaco2008">{{cite web |title=The Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order - 2008 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3931-delimitation-of-parliamentary-assembly-constituencies-order-2008/ |page=321}}</ref> This constituency was reserved for [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Schedule Tribes]].

The extent of Khunta constituency comprised Khunta police station of Kaptipada sub-division, and Similipal and Kuliana police stations of Sadar sub-division.<ref name=dpaco1951ac/>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{{bar box
|float=right
|title= Vote share of Winning candidate
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=270px
|barwidth=275px
|bars=
{{bar percent|2004|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|41.37}}
{{bar percent|2000|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|39.61}}
{{bar percent|1995|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|32.29}}
{{bar percent|1990|{{party color|Janata Dal}}|49.13}}
{{bar percent|1985|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|47.65}}
{{bar percent|1980|{{party color|Indian National Congress (I)}}|59.00}}
{{bar percent|1977|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|44.93}}
{{bar percent|1974|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|53.86}}
{{bar percent|1971|{{party color|Utkal Congress}}|26.43}}
{{bar percent|1967|{{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}|27.71}}
{{bar percent|1961|{{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}|40.87}}
{{bar percent|1951|{{party color|Socialist Party (India)}}|53.47}}
}}

Between 1951 & 2008, 12 elections were held.<ref name="prevMLAs">{{cite web |title=Odisha Reference Annual - 2011 - List of Members of Odisha Legislative Assembly - (1951–2004) |url=http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217121136/http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |archive-date=17 December 2013}}</ref>

List of members elected from Khunta constituency are:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Member
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
| [[1951 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1951]]
| Shakilla Sharen
| {{Full party name with color|Socialist Party (India)}}
|-
! colspan="4" | 1957-1961: Constituency didn't exist
|-
| [[1961 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1961]]
| Prasanna Kumar Dash
| {{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}
|-
| [[1967 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| Harachand Hansda
| {{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}
|-
| [[1971 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1971]]
| Bira Bhadra Singh
| {{Full party name with color|Utkal Congress}}
|-
| [[1974 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1974]]
| rowspan="3" | Ramesh Soren
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1977 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1980 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)|dab=yes}}
|-
| [[1985 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
| Biram Murmu
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1990 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
| Birabhadra Singh
| {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
| [[1995 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
| Saraswati Hembram
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2000 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2000]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Golak Bihari Naik]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[2004 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}
==Election results==
===1951===
{{Election box begin |title=[[1952 Orissa Legislative Assembly election]]: Khunta<ref name="OdishaECI1951">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3617-orissa-1951/ | title=Orissa 1951 | publisher=Election Commission of India | date=August 16, 2018}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|
|party = Socialist Party (India)
|candidate = Shakilla Sharen
|votes = 7,985
|percentage = 53.47%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Dhyan Chandra Tudu
|votes = 6,949
|percentage = 46.53%
}}
{{Election box turnout no change
|votes = 14,934
|percentage = 30.71%
}}
{{Election box registered electors no change|
|reg. electors = 48,625
}}
{{Election box margin of victory
|votes = 1,036
|percentage = 6.94%
|change = {{nochange}}
}}
{{Election box new seat win
|winner = Socialist Party (India)
}}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mayurbhanj district}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Odisha|state=expanded}}
{{coords|21.71|86.63|display=title}}

[[Category:Mayurbhanj district]]
[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Odisha]]
[[Category:Politics of Odisha]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in Orissa]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 1957]]
[[Category:1957 disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1961]]
[[Category:1961 establishments in Orissa]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2008]]
[[Category:2008 disestablishments in India]]

{{Mayurbhanj-geo-stub}}
{{India-constituency-stub}}

Majhya Navaryachi Bayko

2026-04-10T22:42:15Z

Maleeha: adding initial pg w/ refs

{{Short description|2016 Indian Marathi language TV series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Majhya Navryachi Bayko.jpg
| image_size =
| genre = [[Indian soap opera]] [[Drama]]
| network = [[Zee Marathi]]
| runtime = 22 minutes
| theme_music_composer = Vishal-Jagdish
| opentheme = ''"Majhya Navaryachi Bayko"'' by [[Vaishali Mhade]]
| writer = Adwait Dadarkar Abhijeet Guru Rohini Ninawe
| cinematography = Vijay Soni Rushi Mudrale
| producer = Tejendra Neswankar
| company = Trrump Carrd Production
| director = Kedar Vaidya
| editor = Vishal Kotkar
| location = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| starring = [[#Cast|See below]]
| country = India
| language = Marathi
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]
| composer = Vishal-Jagdish
| num_episodes = 1354
| first_aired = {{start date|df=yes|2016|08|22}}
| last_aired = {{end date|df=yes|2021|03|07}}
}}

'''''Majhya Navaryachi Bayko''''' ({{Translation|''My Husband's Wife''}}) is an Indian [[Marathi-language]] television series which aired on [[Zee Marathi]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=गुरूला धडा शिकवून शनाया आणि राधिका उभारणार विजयाची गुढी|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/shanaya-and-radhika-teach-lesson-to-guru-and-celebrate-gudipadva/513950|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref> It premiered from 22 August 2016 by replacing ''[[Pasant Aahe Mulgi (TV series)|Pasant Aahe Mulgi]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-30|title=Radhika Became An Entrepreneur...|url=https://megamarathi.com/news/radhika-became-an-entrepreneur/|access-date=2021-01-08|website=Mega Marathi}}</ref> It is produced by Tejendra Neswankar under the banner of Trrump Carrd production.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-26|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko completes 800 episodes - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-completes-800-episodes/articleshow/68169763.cms|access-date=2021-06-23|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> It starred [[Anita Date-Kelkar]], [[Abhijeet Khandkekar]], [[Rasika Sunil]], Adwait Dadarkar and [[Ruchira Jadhav]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-21|title=शनायावरून 'माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' मालिकेत नवा ट्विस्ट|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/mazya-navryachi-bayko-fame-shanaya-aka-rasika-sunil-exit-the-show-again/545008|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>

The show was one of the top rated Marathi TV shows from its inception and also [[List of longest-running Indian television series|Zee Marathi's second longest running soap opera]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-07|title=पिंकी येतेय...कोण आहे ही पिंकी?|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/mazya-navryachi-bayko-saumitra-play-pinkis-role/530052|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref> The show received the highest ratings of 8.8 TVR in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-10-03|title=Lesser known facts about ‘Majhya Navryachi Bayko’ that every fan must know - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/lesser-known-facts-about-mazhya-navryachi-bayko-that-every-fan-must-know/photostory/66054680.cms|access-date=2021-01-08|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

== Summary ==
Gurunath and Radhika went from Nagpur to Mumbai. Radhika has a strong perception that her husband will not on cheat her, so revelation surprises her. Gurunath had an affair with Shanaya. Anand and Saumitra are friends of Gurunath and Radhika, but they support Radhika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko preview: Radhika to take a crucial decision for her company Radhika Masale - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-preview-radhika-to-take-a-crucial-decision-for-her-company-radhika-masale/articleshow/78622977.cms|access-date=2020-12-01|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The show starts with Radhika, who prepares tiffin for her husband, Gurunath, and their son, Atharva. She makes ''Popat Pohe'' for Gurunath, but he does not like it. While secretly talking to Shanaya, Gurunath is petrified when he suddenly sees Radhika in his room. He informs Radhika that he is going on an official tour to Delhi but goes to Shanaya's house instead. Gurunath's senior, Panvalkar Sir, calls Radhika and invites her to the annual party organized by their office. Gurunath takes Shanaya out for lunch and later for shopping. Shanaya tells Gurunath that she does not want him to take Radhika to the party. Later in the evening, Gurunath calls Radhika and informs her that he will return home in the morning. Shanaya expresses her disappointment with Gurunath.

Radhika becomes excited about the party. However, Gurunath tells her that he does not want her to attend. Although disheartened by his words, Radhika decides to go despite his objections. Later, at the hotel, Gurunath feels ashamed upon seeing Radhika at the party. Her presence annoys Shanaya, who then leaves. Gurunath is promoted to the position of senior manager. Radhika invites Gurunath's boss to their house for dinner. Meanwhile, Shanaya humiliates Gurunath. On their way home, Radhika praises Gurunath for his hard work.

A few days later, Subodh Gupte calls Radhika's friend, Revati Abhyankar, to inform her that he saw Shanaya with Radhika and Gurunath. Meanwhile, Gurunath looks for an opportunity to talk to Shanaya. Radhika tells Shanaya to stop referring to Gurunath as Garry. When Radhika discovers Gurunath's affair with Shanaya, he advises her to leave his house. However, Radhika tells Gurunath that she wishes to stay with him for the rest of her life and pleads with him not to throw her out. Gurunath refuses to listen to her and firmly states that he will continue meeting Shanaya.

;6 months later
Radhika and Gurunath's childhood friend, Saumitra, returns from the United States. With Saumitra’s support, Radhika works hard to move ahead of Gurunath and make him pay for his wrongdoings. She starts making ''masalas'' and establishes her own company, ''Radhika Masale'', eventually becoming the owner of a ₹300-crore business. Meanwhile, Shanaya and Gurunath dress up and prepare to put their best foot forward to impress their new boss. However, Gurunath's mother is displeased upon learning that Radhika is going to be Gurunath’s new boss. Radhika arrives with her team and receives a grand welcome. As Shanaya and Gurunath make their way through the crowd, they are left in shock when Radhika reveals that she is their new boss. Unable to handle Radhika’s success, a drunken Gurunath arrives at her society and starts throwing tantrums. He accuses her of seeking revenge, but after getting an earful from Radhika, he becomes infuriated and threatens to teach her a lesson. Eventually, Radhika falls in love with her friend Saumitra.

;One year later
Radhika marries Saumitra. However, Gurunath, who attends the wedding disguised as a band player, feels saddened. Saumitra and Radhika promise to stand by each other for a lifetime and complete the rest of the rituals. After the wedding, Saumitra's family warmly welcomes Maya. Meanwhile, Gurunath and Shanaya's friend, KD (Abhijeet Guru), grows anxious when Shanaya and her mother, Sulakshana, decide to stay at his house. Maya shares her thoughts about Radhika with Saumitra. Later, when Shanaya and Sulakshana ask for Ranjan Mehta’s money, Gurunath scolds them. Meanwhile, at the office, Radhika assigns tasks to everyone. In an attempt to impress Maya, Gurunath later demonstrates a sales strategy before her.

After Gurunath deceives Shanaya, she turns to Radhika for support and starts helping her in every matter. Meanwhile, everyone is busy preparing for Shanaya’s wedding. Gurunath, believing that Shanaya wants to marry him, is eager and ready to tie the knot with her. Meanwhile, Radhika and Saumitra devise a plan to break Maya and Gurunath’s relationship. In reality, Shanaya is set to marry her friend, Kunal Kulkarni, but they have misled everyone into believing that she is marrying Shreyas. On the other hand, Shanaya tricks Gurunath into her plan and makes him believe that she wants to marry him. As a result, Gurunath is fully prepared for the wedding. However, Saumitra informs Maya about Gurunath’s intentions and urges her to attend Shanaya’s wedding. Finally, Radhika reveals to Gurunath that Shanaya’s real groom is Kunal.

A few days later, Jenny is kidnapped by Gotya Sheth, a local liquor seller. Determined to take action, Radhika decides to shut down the local liquor stores. However, when Maya and Shreyas go to the police station, the inspector refuses to file a complaint. Radhika then mobilizes the women in the community to vote for a ban on alcohol. As she investigates further, she realizes that Gotya Sheth is behind Jenny’s kidnapping. Disguised as Kamlakar, Gotya Sheth arrives to meet Radhika, making everyone anxious as he abducts Jenny. After receiving a suspicious gift from Gotya Sheth, Saumitra advises Radhika to leave the village for her safety. Meanwhile, Gotya Sheth interrogates Santosh, trying to figure out how Radhika managed to complete an important order. As Jenny expresses her craving for Punjabi food, everyone comes together to cook for her. Meanwhile, Gurunath repeatedly begs Gotya Sheth to bring his wife back. In response, Gotya Sheth warns Gurunath that he plans to kill Radhika’s loved ones. Later, Gotya Sheth makes a phone call, instructing someone to arrange for a bulldozer and a marriage hall. Soon after, Radhika receives a threatening message. Just as Seema Tai is at home, Radhika discovers a letter warning her about the imminent demolition of the warehouse.

Saumitra and Maya suspect that it could be Gotya Sheth’s plan and take precautionary measures to protect Radhika. Meanwhile, Radhika confronts Gotya Sheth, only to be shocked when she sees that the man demolishing the warehouse is none other than Gurunath. Anand informs Saumitra and Maya that Radhika has discovered Gurunath’s involvement. Gurunath then reveals to Radhika that he is not mentally unstable and threatens to kill Saumitra if she does not agree to be with him. Soon after, Gotya Sheth calls Radhika, informing her that he is coming to meet her. Maya devises a plan to trap him and sets up hidden cameras in the room, informing everyone, including Saumitra, about the plan. As per Maya’s strategy, Gotya Sheth arrives at the bungalow, unaware that the cameras are recording everything. Meanwhile, Gurunath pleads with Sarita, expressing his desire to meet Atharva. The threats made by Gotya Sheth are captured on [[The Hidden Cameras|the hidden cameras]], and Shreyas quickly sends the footage to Saumitra. Upon hearing Gotya Sheth’s vile remarks, Radhika slaps him. When Gotya Sheth sees the incriminating video on his phone, he falls at Radhika’s feet and begs for forgiveness. The police arrive and arrest Gotya Sheth and his men. Saumitra is overjoyed when Shanaya arrives, and together, Radhika, Shanaya, and Maya decide to teach Gurunath a lesson. Later, Saumitra discusses the opportunity Gurunath has asked for, and Radhika explains the importance of Gurunath being in Atharva's life. The series concludes with an award ceremony, where the women in Radhika's life celebrate her achievements. Meanwhile, Maya and Shanaya expose Gurunath’s lies with the help of his other girlfriends. Ultimately, everyone unites to oust Gurunath once and for all.

== Cast ==
=== Main ===
* [[Anita Date-Kelkar]] as Radhika Gurunath Subhedar / Radhika Saumitra Banhatti (Radha): Saumitra's wife; Gurunath's ex-first wife; Atharva's biological mother; Shirish's older sister; Bhausaheb and Sarita's ex-first daughter-in-law; Yashwant and Vasundhara's daughter-in-law; Shanaya and Maya's friend
* [[Abhijeet Khandkekar]] as Gurunath Vasant Subhedar (Garry / Guru): Radhika and Shanaya's ex-husband; Maya's ex-boyfriend; Atharva's biological father; Bhausaheb and Sarita's son; Sulakshana's ex-son-in-law; Saumitra's ex-friend
* [[Rasika Sunil]] (2016-2018; 2020-2021) / [[Isha Keskar]] (2018-2020) as Shanaya Sabnis / Shanaya Gurunath Subhedar / Shanaya Kunal Kulkarni (Baccha); Kunal's wife; Gurunath's ex-second wife; Sulakshana's daughter; Radhika, Saumitra, and Maya's friend; Atharva's ex-step-mother; Bhausaheb and Sarita's ex-second daughter-in-law

=== Supporting ===
* Adwait Dadarkar as Saumitra Yashwant Banhatti (Sammy / Bokya): Radhika's husband; Atharva's step-father; Yashwant and Vasundhara's son; Shanaya and Maya's friend; Gurunath's ex-friend
* [[Ruchira Jadhav]] as Maya: Gurunath's ex-girlfriend; Radhika, Saumitra, and Shanaya's friend
* Mayuresh Sadhale as Mayuresh : Radhika’s Office Staff
* Devendra Dodke as Vasant Subhedar (Bhausaheb): Sarita's husband; Gurunath's father; Radhika and Shanaya's ex-father-in-law; Atharva's biological grandfather; Sulakshana's ex-co-father-in-law
* Bharati Patil as Sarita Vasant Subhedar: Bhausaheb's wife; Gurunath's mother; Radhika and Shanaya's ex-mother-in-law; Atharva's biological grandmother; Sulakshana's ex-co-mother-in-law
* Kishori Ambiye as Sulakshana Sabnis: Shanaya's mother; Kunal's mother-in-law; Gurunath's ex-mother-in-law; Bhausaheb and Sarita's ex-co-mother-in-law<ref>{{Cite web|title=Exclusive: Shanaya’s mother to take an entry in Majhya Navryachi Bayko - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/exclusive-shanayas-mother-to-take-an-entry-in-mazhya-navryachi-bayko/articleshow/65721573.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* Aryan Devgiri as Atharva Gurunath Subhedar: Gurunath and Radhika's son; Saumitra's step-son; Shanaya's ex-step-son; Bhausaheb and Sarita's grandson; Yashwant and Vasundhara's step-grandson; Sulakshana's ex-step-grandson
* Gautam Jogalekar as Yashwant Banhatti: Vasundhara's husband; Saumitra's father; Radhika's father-in-law; Atharva's step-grandfather
* Vandana Pandit Sheth as Vasundhara Yashwant Banhatti: Yashwant's wife; Saumitra's mother; Radhika's mother-in-law; Atharva's step-grandmother<ref>{{Cite web|title=सौमित्रची आई म्हणून कलाविश्वात तब्बल ४० वर्षांनी अभिनेत्रीचा कमबॅक|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/ashtavinayak-fame-actress-vandana-pandit-seth-come-back-after-40-years-on-mazya-navryachi-bayko/491828|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* [[Suyog Gorhe]] as Kunal Kulkarni: Shanaya's husband; Sulakshana's son-in-law
* Yash Pradhan as Subodh Gupte: Revati's husband; Neha's step-father
* Shweta Mehendale as Revati Mandar Abhyankar / Revati Subodh Gupte: Subodh's wife; Mandar's ex-wife; Neha's mother; Radhika's friend
* Shambhavi Karambalekar as Neha Mandar Abhyankar: Mandar and Revati's daughter; Subodh's step-daughter
* Aniket Kelkar as Mandar Abhyankar: Revati's ex-husband; Neha's biological father
* [[Arun Nalawade]] as Ramchandra Damle (Nana): Nani's husband; Pankaj's father; Samidha's father-in-law
* Suhita Thatte as Bharati Ramchandra Damle (Nani): Nana's wife; Pankaj's mother; Samidha's mother-in-law
* Vipul Salunkhe as Pankaj Ramchandra Damle: Samidha's husband; Nana and Nani's son
* Prajakta Datar Ganpule as Samidha Pankaj Damle: Pankaj's wife; Nana and Nani's daughter-in-law
* Mihir Rajda as Anand Shah: Jenny's husband; Radhika, Saumitra, Shanaya, and Gurunath's friend
* Sharmila Shinde as Jenny Anand Shah: Anand's wife; Radhika, Saumitra, Shanaya, and Gurunath's friend
* Abhijeet Guru as Kishore Das (KD): Shanaya's friend
* Sachin Deshpande as Shreyas Madhukar Kulkarni
* Jayant Ghate as Mr. Panvalkar: Gurunath's employer
* Shriram Pendse as Mr. Mahajani
* Kanchan Gupte as Mrs. Mahajani
* Pravin Dalimbkar as Raghu
* Vidyadhar Paranjape as Mr. Mahadik
* Pratima Kulkarni as Mrs. Sathe
* Aditi Dravid as Isha Nimbalkar: Shanaya's friend
* Kiran Mane as Shirish: Radhika's brother
* Chitra Khare as Chitra
* Priya Nanaware as Bhakti: Atharva's teacher; Shanaya's roommate
* Rohini Ninawe as KD's aunt
* Swati Bowalekar as Bakula
* Amruta Malwadkar as Pradnya: Bakula's daughter
* Meera Jagannath as Sanjana
* Vikas Patil as Saiprasad Mahajani
* [[Deepak Joshi]] as Mr. Kadam
* Kishor Chaughule as Popatrao
* Shruti as RJ Shruti

===Cameo Appearances===
* [[Milind Shinde]] as Gotya Sheth
* Vijay Veer as Watchman
* Vinamra Babhal as Waiter
* Sachin Shirke as Marriage Hall Manager
* Sagar Sakpal as Advertise Director
* Komal Dhande as [[Urmila]]
* Vishwanath Kulkarni as Omkar Pradhan
* [[Madhavi Nimkar]] as Devika
* [[Siddharth Chandekar]]
* [[Sonali Kulkarni]]
* [[Mohan Joshi]]
* [[Shruti Marathe]]

== Production ==
=== Casting ===
{{blockquote|text=I do not feel any pressure to playing Radhika because the character is very strong and inspiring I have learnt how to empathise from Radhika. She is able to judge and understand why certain people act a certain way. A lot of female fans keep telling that they get very inspired by Radhika.|sign=[[Anita Date Kelkar]] about Radhika.}}[[Anita Date Kelkar]] was cast to portray Radhika Subhedar, [[Abhijeet Khandkekar]] was cast to portray Gurunath Subhedar, and [[Rasika Sunil]] was cast to portray Shanaya Sabnis. In April 2018, Adwait Dadarkar entered the show as second male lead Saumitra Banhatti.<ref>{{Cite web|title=भूमिकेची ताकद-'फक्त तीन महिन्यांसाठी असणार पात्र दोन वर्ष झाली असून साकारतोय'|url=https://maharashtratimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/television-news/adwait-dadarkar-special-interview-on-his-journey-and-majha-navryachi-bayko/articleshow/79778754.cms|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref> In September 2018, Sunil exited the show for her Directorate education,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko's Shanaya aka Rasika Sunil writes a goodbye message for her fans - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-baykos-shanaya-aka-rasika-sunil-writes-a-goodbye-message-for-her-fans/articleshow/65590331.cms|access-date=2021-01-08|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> and [[Isha Keskar]] entered the show to replace Shanaya. In July 2020, Keskar exited the show and Sunil re-entered the show as Shanaya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Isha Keskar quits Majhya Navryachi Bayko; Rasika Sunil returns as Shanaya - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/isha-keskar-quits-mazhya-navryachi-bayko-rasika-sunil-returns-as-shanaya/articleshow/76800515.cms|access-date=2021-01-08|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Shanaya Weds Kunal: Rasika Sunil And Suyog Gorhe To Be Married In The TV Show|url=https://www.spotboye.com/marathi/marathi-news/shanaya-weds-kunal-rasika-sunil-and-suyog-gorhe-to-be-married-in-the-tv-show/5feeb356491df2623487b838|access-date=2021-01-08|website=SpotboyE}}</ref> In January 2020, [[Ruchira Jadhav]] entered the show as Maya.

=== Filming ===
[[File:Upvan in night lights.jpg|250x250px|thumb|right|Shooting location at [[Upvan Lake]]]]
Based on the backdrop of City, the series mainly filmed on the sets which is created on [[Thane]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Photos: 'माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको'च्या सेटवर झाले जंगी सेलिब्रेशन, कारणही आहे अगदी खास|url=https://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/amp/news/BOL-MB-IFTM-marathi-serial-mazya-navryachi-bayko-top-in-trp-list-5785815-PHO.html%3f_branch_match_id=link-811434151442234733|access-date=2021-12-01|website=Divya Marathi|language=mr}}{{dead link|date=May 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title='माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' पुन्हा टीआरपीमध्ये अव्वल, तुम्ही पाहिलेत का कलाकारांच्या सेलिब्रेशनचे Photos|url=https://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/news/BOL-MB-IFTM-mazya-navryachi-bayko-got-highest-trp-8-5850921-PHO.html|access-date=2021-03-08|website=Divya Marathi|language=mr}}</ref> They mainly filmed in [[Upvan Lake]], area of Gadkari Rangaytan.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-18|title=छोट्या पडद्यावर ‘ठाणे’दर्शन|url=https://www.loksatta.com/thane-news/many-marathi-popular-tv-serial-shooting-in-thane-city-1664863/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Revati and Gupte to tie the knot in Majhya Navryachi Bayko? - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/revati-and-gupte-to-tie-the-knot-in-majhya-navryachi-bayko/articleshow/63485914.cms|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The series has set in a residential complex in [[Thane]], but recently the team decided to shift it to a resort near [[Igatpuri]] in [[Nashik district|Nashik]] due to [[COVID-19 pandemic]], but after Diwali, they again shifted to their original location set in [[Thane]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=म्हणून 'माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' नाशिकला रवाना|url=https://maharashtratimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/mazya-navryachi-bayko-shooting-started-in-nashik-lockdown-end/articleshow/76709065.cms|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko: The storyline to take a leap - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-the-storyline-to-take-a-leap/articleshow/67455088.cms|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

=== Cancellation ===
Due to falling ratings of series from October 2020, makers revamped the story but it didn't work.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko completes 400 episodes - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/trade-news/marathi/majya-navryachi-baiko-completes-400-episodes/articleshow/61806169.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Therefore, channel decide to shift show to non-prime timeslot of 6:30 pm, but the TRP of the show continued to drop and leading to the channel and makers pulling of the show.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Will Radhika See Gurunath and Shanaya Together? - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/new-twist-in-majhya-navryachi-bayko/articleshow/53929121.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The show went off air on 7 March 2021 with its 2 hours final episode.

== Reception ==
=== Special episode ===
==== 1 hour ====
* 25 September 2016<ref>{{Cite web|title=तुम्ही पाहिले का 'माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको'चे कन्नड व्हर्जन, असे आहेत कानडी गॅरी, शनाया, राधिका|url=https://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/news/bol-mb-iftm-mazya-navryachi-bayko-serial-kannada-version-subbulaxmi-samsara-on-set-photos-5801227-pho.html|website=Divya Marathi|language=mr}}</ref>
* 25 December 2016<ref>{{Cite web|title=Three mahaepisodes on Christmas - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/trade-news/marathi/three-mahaepisodes-on-christmas/articleshow/56144083.cms|access-date=2021-03-13|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* 15 April 2018<ref>{{Cite web|title=Team Majhya Navryachi Bayko to visit Shirdi for Sai Baba's Darshan - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/team-mazhya-navryachi-bayko-to-visit-shirdi-for-sai-babas-darshan/articleshow/63747987.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* 2 September 2018<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko: Rasika Sunil shoots her last scene; Who will be the new Shanaya? - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-rasika-sunil-shoots-her-last-scene-who-will-be-the-new-shanaya/articleshow/65560991.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* 6 January 2019<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko: Gurunath and Shanaya to tie the knot? - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-gurunath-and-shanaya-to-tie-the-knot/articleshow/67348119.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* 19 May 2019<ref>{{Cite web|title=अशी पकडली शनाया-गुरूची चोरी, १९ मे रोजी रंगणार महाएपिसोड|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/new-mazya-navryachi-bayako-maha-episode-will-take-place-on-19th-may-sd-371620.html|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* 15 December 2019<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-13|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko spoiler alert: Will Radhika save Saumitra from Maya and Gurunath's trap? - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-spoiler-alert-will-radhika-save-saumitra-from-maya-and-gurunaths-trap/articleshow/77781311.cms|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* 1 November 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko completes 100 episodes - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-is-100/articleshow/56039485.cms|access-date=2021-08-15|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* 13 December 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=‘माझा होशील ना’, ‘कारभारी लयभारी’, ‘माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको’चे महाएपिसोड|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan-news/majha-hoshil-na-karbhari-laybhari-and-majhya-navryachi-bayko-maha-episode-of-one-hour-ssv-92-2351309/|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* 7 February 2021<ref>{{Cite web|title=झी मराठीसोबत साजरा करूया रविवार प्रेमवार|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/lets-celebrate-raviwar-premwar-with-zee-marathi/551524|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|access-date=2021-04-07|language=mr}}</ref>

==== 2 hours ====
* 29 July 2018 (Radha-Guru's Divorce)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Will Gurunath divorce Radhika? - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/will-gurunath-divorce-radhika/articleshow/65165286.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* 7 March 2021 (Last Episode)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko's latest episode aired on social media platform gets immense response - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-baykos-latest-episode-aired-on-social-media-platform-gets-immense-response/articleshow/76257916.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

=== Airing history ===
{| class="wikitable"
! No. !! Airing Date !! Days !! Time (IST)
|-
| 1 || 22 August 2016 – 29 February 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko Clocks 4 Years; A Look At The Key Reasons Behind The Show’s Success - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-clocks-4-years-a-look-at-the-key-reasons-behind-the-shows-success/etphotostory/77746554.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> || rowspan="4" | Mon-Sat (sometimes Sun) || 8 pm
|-
| 2 || 2 – 27 March 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' मालिका आता नव्या वेळेत|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/mazya-navryachi-bayko-serial-telecast-new-timing-at-9-pm/510325|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref> || 9 pm
|-
| 3 || 13 July 2020 – 2 January 2021<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko to air fresh episodes from today; a look at BTS pics - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-to-air-fresh-episodes-from-today-a-look-at-bts-pics/articleshow/76937051.cms|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> || 8 pm
|-
| 4 || 4 January – 7 March 2021<ref>{{Cite web|title=राधिका, शनाया आणि माया एकत्र; गुरुनाथला शिकवणार धडा|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/television-news/mazya-navryachi-bayko-serial-new-twist/articleshow/74314977.cms|access-date=2021-03-08|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref> || 6.30 pm
|}

=== Ratings ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Week
! rowspan="2" | Year
! colspan="2" | [[Broadcast Audience Research Council|BARC]] Viewership
! rowspan="2" | Ref.
|-
! [[Target Rating Point|TRP]]
! Rank
|-
|Week 34
|2016
|2.4
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=या आठवड्यातील टॉप ५ मराठी मालिका|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/photos/top-5-marathi-tv-serials-wk-34-278499|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[ABP Majha]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 38
|2016
|1.9
|4
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=या आठवड्यातील टॉप ५ मराठी मालिका|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/photos/top-5-marathi-tv-serials-wk-38-292658|access-date=2021-08-23|website=[[ABP Majha]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 42
|2016
|3.3
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=या आठवड्यातील टॉप ५ मराठी मालिका|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/photos/top-5-marathi-tv-serials-wk-42-306849|access-date=2021-08-23|website=[[ABP Majha]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 47
|2016
|4.5
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=टीआरपीमध्ये 'माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' मालिका अव्वल|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/news/kallabaji/mazya-navryachi-bayko-get-more-trp-in-serials/340816|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 12
|2017
|5.7
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=टीआरपीमध्ये 'माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' अव्वल|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/news/kallabaji/mazya-navryachi-bayko-top-in-trp/358613|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 15
|2017
|6.6
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' पुन्हा अव्वल|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/news/kallabaji/once-again-mazya-navryachi-bayko-top-in-trp/362578|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 17
|2017
|5.6
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title='तुझ्यात जीव रंगला' टीआरपीमध्ये अव्वल|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/tuzyat-jeev-rangla-top-in-trp/366365|access-date=2021-08-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 23
|2017
|3.7
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' टीआरपीमध्ये अव्वल|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/mazya-navryachi-bayko-top-in-trp/369815|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 27
|2017
|5.5
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=जाणून घ्या कोणती मालिका टीआरपीत ठरतेय अव्वल|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan-news/tujhyat-jeev-rangala-mazhya-navryachi-bayko-marathi-serials-trp-from-1-to-7-july-1511528/|access-date=2021-08-30|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 31
|2017
|5.3
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=टीआरपी: 'गाव गाता गजाली' टॉप ५ मध्ये|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/gaav-gata-gajali-in-top-5-in-trp-rating/377994|access-date=2021-09-06|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 37
|2017
|5.9
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=टीआरपीमध्ये माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको पुन्हा अव्वल|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/mazya-navryachi-bayko-top-in-serial/384902|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 49
|2017
|7.0
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zee Marathi serials rule in 2017|url=https://zeenews.india.com/television/zee-marathi-serials-rule-in-2017-2070127.html/|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[Zee News]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 15
|2018
|6.3
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' टीआरपीमध्ये एक नंबर|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/mazya-navryachi-bayko-top-in-trp/426628|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 19
|2018
|6.1
|2
|<ref>{{cite news|title=टीआरपीमध्ये 'ही' मालिका नंबर वन|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/tujhyat-jeev-rangala-zee-marathi-serial-top-in-trp/430105|access-date=2021-05-18|work=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 34
|2018
|8.3
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko rules the TRP chart; Tula Pahate Re secures its position to the top five shows - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-rules-the-trp-chart-tula-pahate-re-secures-its-position-to-the-top-five-shows/articleshow/65621980.cms|access-date=2021-03-08|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 35
|2018
|7.8
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lagira Zhala Ji out of Top 5 list; Tula Pahate Re makes it to the Top 3 - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/lagira-zhala-ji-out-of-top-5-list-tula-pahate-re-makes-it-to-the-top-3/articleshow/65750013.cms|access-date=2021-03-08|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 37
|2018
|7.6
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Team Tula Pahate Re celebrates after topping TRP charts; See pics - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/team-tula-pahate-re-celebrates-after-topping-trp-charts-see-pics/articleshow/65899861.cms|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 38
|2018
|7.9
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=टीआरपीच्या रेसमध्ये तुला पाहते रे ही मालिका तिसऱ्या स्थानी, जाणून घ्या कोणती मालिका आहे पहिल्या क्रमांकावर|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-rules-trp-chart-tula-pahate-re-secures-its-position-top-five-shows/|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 40
|2018
|8.3
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: 'माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको' नंबर वनवर, नव्या शनायाची चालली जादू|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/serial-trp-mazya-navryachi-bayako-shanaya-309538.html|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903051525/https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/serial-trp-mazya-navryachi-bayako-shanaya-309538.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 41
|2018
|7.9
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tula Pahate Re loses its top most position; Swarajyarakshak Sambhaji makes it to the Top 2 - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/tula-pahate-re-loses-its-top-most-position-swrajyarakshak-sambhaji-makes-it-to-the-top-2/articleshow/66283439.cms|access-date=2021-06-03|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 42
|2018
|7.1
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tula Pahate Re secures the second position on TRP charts; Jaago Mohan Pyare enters the top 5 list - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/tula-pahate-re-secures-the-second-position-on-trp-charts-jago-mohan-pyare-enters-the-top-5-list/articleshow/66425605.cms|access-date=2021-06-03|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 43
|2018
|6.3
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: 'शनाया'ची जादू झाली फिकी, विक्रांत सरंजामे ठरला वरचढ!|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-meter-tula-pahte-re-becomes-1-number-313787.html|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|access-date=2021-12-01|language=mr|archive-date=2021-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201183644/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-meter-tula-pahte-re-becomes-1-number-313787.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 44
|2018
|7.9
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: राधिका आणि विक्रांत सरंजामेला 'याने' टाकलं मागे|url=http://www.ibnlokmat.tv/entertainment/updatetrp-meter-utsav-natyancha-number-one-316071.html|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|access-date=2022-04-11|language=mr|archive-date=2022-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002104825/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/updatetrp-meter-utsav-natyancha-number-one-316071.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 45
|2018
|6.9
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: दिवाळीच्या आठवड्यात नवऱ्याच्या बायकोचं दर्शन वाढलं|url=http://www.ibnlokmat.tv/entertainment/trp-meter-serial-rettings-316755.html|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|access-date=2021-12-01|language=mr|archive-date=2021-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201185431/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/trp-meter-serial-rettings-316755.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 46
|2018
|7.9
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: शनाया पुन्हा एकदा जिंकली, विक्रांत आला एक पाऊल मागे|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/update-1-trp-meter-sambhaji-tula-pahte-re-318330.html|access-date=2021-12-01|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201181520/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/update-1-trp-meter-sambhaji-tula-pahte-re-318330.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 47
|2018
|7.8
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=जाणून घ्या, कोणती मालिका ठरली ‘नंबर वन’?|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan-news/trp-ratings-of-marathi-serials-tula-pahate-re-swarajyarakshak-sambhaji-mazhya-navryachi-bayko-1797870/|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 48
|2018
|7.9
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=TRP ratings: Zing Zing Zingaat secures a place in Top 5 list - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/trp-rantings-zing-zing-zingaat-secures-a-place-in-top-5-list/articleshow/67002114.cms|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 49
|2018
|7.3
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=३०० कोटींची मालकीण राधिका विक्रांत सरंजामेवर पडली भारी!|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan-news/marathi-serial-trp-rating-of-1-december-to-7-december-1805290/|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 50
|2018
|7.0
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=राधिका सुभेदारसमोर विक्रांत सरंजामेची फिल्मी स्टाइल पडली फिकी|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan-news/weekly-trp-list-marathi-serials-mazya-navryachi-bayko-ahead-of-tula-pahate-re-1809429/|access-date=2021-04-07|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 51
|2018
|7.3
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=तुला पाहते रे घसरली तिसऱ्या क्रमांकावर, ही मालिका ठरली अव्वल|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-no-one-barc-ratings/|access-date=2021-08-30|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 52
|2018
|6.3
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Marathi show Tula Pahate Re falls to number 5, while Swarajyarakshak Sambhaji climbs the TRP ladder - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/marathi-show-tula-pahate-re-falls-to-number-5-while-swarajyarakshak-sambhaji-climbs-the-trp-ladder/articleshow/67405051.cms|website=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2021-08-11}}</ref>
|-
|Week 1
|2019
|6.8
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=नव्या वर्षातही ‘राधिका’ काही पहिला नंबर सोडेना!|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan-news/martahi-trp-rating-from-29-december-to-4-january-2019-1821241/|access-date=2021-08-22|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 2
|2019
|5.9
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Subodh Bhave’s Tula Pahate Re tops the TRP charts - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/subodh-bhaves-tula-pahate-re-tops-the-trp-charts/articleshow/67571137.cms|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 3
|2019
|8.2
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: ईशाच्या लग्नानंतर प्रेक्षकांनी मालिकेशी केला ‘ब्रेकअप’|url=http://www.ibnlokmat.tv/news/trp-meter-mazya-navryachi-bayko-number-1-and-on-no-2-tujhyat-jiv-ranjgala-marathi-serial-334909.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227071825/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/news/trp-meter-mazya-navryachi-bayko-number-1-and-on-no-2-tujhyat-jiv-ranjgala-marathi-serial-334909.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 4
|2019
|7.8
|1
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Tujhyat Jeev Rangala becomes second most-watched show; Tula Pahate Re loses its position- Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/tuzhyat-jeev-ranagala-becomes-second-most-watched-show-tula-pahate-re-loses-its-position/articleshow/67791412.cms|access-date=2021-05-18|work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 5
|2019
|7.6
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=TRP: Tula Pahate Re is out of the top 5 list; Zing Zing Zingaat takes the 5th spot - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/trp-tula-pahate-re-is-out-of-the-top-5-list-zing-zing-zingaat-takes-the-5th-spot/articleshow/67901114.cms|access-date=2021-03-08|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 14
|2019
|4.2
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=स्वराज्यरक्षक संभाजी हा कार्यक्रम टीआरपीच्या रेसमध्ये पाचव्या क्रमांकावर, जाणून घ्या पहिल्या नंबरवर कोण?|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/mazya-navryachi-bayko-no-one-trp-chart/|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 16
|2019
|4.3
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=टीआरपी रँकिंगमध्ये झी मराठीवरील 'ही' मालिका अव्वल स्थानावर|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/marathi-serial-television-ratting-point-mazya-navryachi-bayako-367164.html|access-date=2021-07-03|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830124512/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/marathi-serial-television-ratting-point-mazya-navryachi-bayako-367164.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 17
|2019
|4.4
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=तुला पाहते रे टीआरपीच्या रेसमध्ये चौथ्या नंबरवर, जाणून घ्या कोणती मालिका आहे पहिल्या क्रमांकावर|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/zee-marathis-mazya-navryachi-bayko-no-one-one-trp-chart/|access-date=2021-08-30|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 21
|2019
|4.2
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: शेलिब्रिटी पॅटर्नची 'हवा' वाढली, तर शनायाचं स्थान धोक्यात|url=http://www.ibnlokmat.tv/entertainment/trp-meter-chala-hava-yeu-dya-no-2-and-mazya-navryachi-bayako-first-sd-378481.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227071826/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/trp-meter-chala-hava-yeu-dya-no-2-and-mazya-navryachi-bayako-first-sd-378481.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 23
|2019
|5.2
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=ईशा-विक्रांतच्या भांडणात, संभाजी महाराजांनी मारली बाजी!|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/marathi-serial-trp-ranking-sambhaji-maharaj-tula-pahte-re-and-majha-navryachi-bayko-mhmn-382388.html|access-date=2021-09-03|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903051523/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/marathi-serial-trp-ranking-sambhaji-maharaj-tula-pahte-re-and-majha-navryachi-bayko-mhmn-382388.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 25
|2019
|5.0
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: जाता जाता 'लागिरं झालं जी'नं मारली बाजी|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-rating-mazya-navryachi-bayako-is-no-1-and-sambhaji-on-3rd-zee-marathi-mhsd-386082.html|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811130932/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-rating-mazya-navryachi-bayako-is-no-1-and-sambhaji-on-3rd-zee-marathi-mhsd-386082.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 26
|2019
|5.6
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Major changes in the TRP chart; Lagira Zhala Ji beats Majhya Navryachi Bayko - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/major-changes-in-the-trp-chart-lagira-zhala-ji-beats-mazhya-navryachi-bayko/articleshow/70088760.cms|access-date=2021-03-08|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 27
|2019
|7.5
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: राधिका शनायाच्या जुगलबंदीने सगळ्यांची गेली 'हवा', या आहेत टाॅप ५ मालिका|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/update-trp-meter-rating-mazya-navryachi-bayako-number-1-sambhaji-at-no-3-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-zee-marathi-mhsd-389790.html|access-date=2021-09-03|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903051527/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/update-trp-meter-rating-mazya-navryachi-bayako-number-1-sambhaji-at-no-3-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-zee-marathi-mhsd-389790.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 28
|2019
|6.8
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Majhya Navryachi Bayko tops the TRP charts; Balumama in top 5 - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-tops-the-trp-charts-balumama-in-top-5/articleshow/70292138.cms|access-date=2021-03-08|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 29
|2019
|6.3
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tujhyat Jeev Rangala tops the TRP chart; Majhya Navryachi Bayko slips to number 2 - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/tuzhyat-jeev-rangala-tops-the-trp-chart-mazhya-navryachi-bayko-slips-to-number-2/articleshow/70377929.cms|website=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2021-06-23}}</ref>
|-
|Week 30
|2019
|6.6
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tejashri Pradhan’s Aggabai Sasubai enters top 5 on the TRP charts - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/tejashri-pradhans-agga-bai-sasubai-enters-top-5-on-the-trp-charts/articleshow/70511070.cms|access-date=2020-12-01|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 31
|2019
|6.5
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mrs. Mukhyamantri enter in the top 5 list of TRP chart - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mrs-mukhyamantri-enter-in-the-top-5-list-of-trp-chart/articleshow/70605213.cms|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 32
|2019
|6.4
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: 'या' मालिकेची नव्यानं एंट्री, पाहा आठवड्यात कोण आहे टॉपवर|url=http://www.ibnlokmat.tv/entertainment/new-trp-rating-trp-meter-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-ranada-rocks-again-mhmj-400738.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411041623/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/new-trp-rating-trp-meter-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-ranada-rocks-again-mhmj-400738.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 34
|2019
|6.7
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=कोणत्या मराठी मालिकेची TRP सर्वात जास्त आहे? Top TRP Marathi Shows|url=https://biomarathi.com/top-trp-marathi-shows/|access-date=2021-03-08|website=Bio Marathi|language=mr|archive-date=2021-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811134916/https://biomarathi.com/top-trp-marathi-shows/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 35
|2019
|6.4
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: 'मिसेस मुख्यमंत्री'ची लोकप्रियता कायम, 'ही' मालिका अजूनही नंबर १|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-rating-6th-sept-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-mrs-mukhyamantri-is-constant-mazya-navryachi-bayako-zee-marathi-mhsd-405284.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411044632/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/trp-rating-6th-sept-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-mrs-mukhyamantri-is-constant-mazya-navryachi-bayako-zee-marathi-mhsd-405284.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 36
|2019
|5.6
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: प्रेक्षकांचा कौल कायम, 'या' मालिकेनं मारली बाजी|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-rating-12-sept-tuzyat-jiv-rangla-no-1-and-mrs-mukhyamantri-no-5-on-zee-marathi-mhsd-406678.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411041625/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/trp-rating-12-sept-tuzyat-jiv-rangla-no-1-and-mrs-mukhyamantri-no-5-on-zee-marathi-mhsd-406678.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 37
|2019
|5.7
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: प्रेक्षकांची पसंती कायम, तरीही 'या' मालिकेला मिळाली बढती|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-ratings-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-mazya-navryachi-bayako-no-2-sambhaji-mrs-mukhyamantri-mhsd-408389.html|access-date=2021-09-03|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903051527/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-ratings-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-mazya-navryachi-bayako-no-2-sambhaji-mrs-mukhyamantri-mhsd-408389.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 38
|2019
|5.5
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: कशात रंगलाय प्रेक्षकांचा जीव? या आठवड्यातल्या टॉप ५ मालिका|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-ratings-26th-sept-mrs-mukhyamantri-no-4-and-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-is-on-1st-mhsd-409955.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411041624/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/entertainment/trp-ratings-26th-sept-mrs-mukhyamantri-no-4-and-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-is-on-1st-mhsd-409955.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 39
|2019
|5.8
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=टीआरपीच्या रेसमध्ये चला हवा येऊ द्या पाचव्या नंबरला, जाणून घ्या कोणती मालिका ठरली अव्वल|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/tujhyat-jeev-rangala-number-one-barc-india/|access-date=2021-03-08|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 48
|2019
|4.2
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title='स्वराज्यरक्षक संभाजी'च्या फॅन्ससाठी खूशखबर, टीआरपी रेसमध्ये या क्रमांकावर आहे मालिका|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/zee-marathis-swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-number-one-trp-barc-india/|website=[[Lokmat]]|access-date=2021-06-23|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 50
|2019
|4.7
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: टॉप ५ मध्ये पुन्हा एकदा झी मराठी, पाहा कोणती मालिका आहे नंबर वन!|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-mitter-marathi-serial-mazya-navryachi-bayko-is-number-one-update-mhmj-424765.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411063709/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/trp-mitter-marathi-serial-mazya-navryachi-bayko-is-number-one-update-mhmj-424765.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 52
|2019
|5.6
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: वर्षाच्या शेवटी 'सासूबाई' पडली 'बायको'वर भारी!|url=http://www.ibnlokmat.tv/entertainment/trp-mitter-marathi-serial-mazya-navryachi-bayko-is-number-one-aggabai-sasubai-update-mhmj-427250.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411063709/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/trp-mitter-marathi-serial-mazya-navryachi-bayko-is-number-one-aggabai-sasubai-update-mhmj-427250.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 53
|2019
|5.1
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title='तुझ्यात जीव रंगला'ला टीआरपी रेसमध्ये पहिल्या पाचमध्ये मिळवता आले नाही स्थान, ही मालिका ठरली सरस|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/tum-jivan-rangla-could-not-be-won-trp-race-first-five-places/|access-date=2021-08-30|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 1
|2020
|4.4
|1
|<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=Marathi TV Serials TRP Ratings|url=https://www.1films.in/2020/02/marathi-tv-serials-trp-ratings-weekly-list-jan-feb-march-2020-updated.html?m=1}}</ref>
|-
|Week 2
|2020
|4.3
|1
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Week 3
|2020
|4.2
|3
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=TRP मीटरमध्ये 'स्वराज्यरक्षक संभाजी' अव्वल, 'माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको'ला दणका|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-mitter-marathi-serial-swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-is-number-one-update-mhmj-432201.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411062205/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-mitter-marathi-serial-swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-is-number-one-update-mhmj-432201.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 4
|2020
|4.1
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: 'बायको' पडली 'सासूबाईं'वर भारी, पाहा तुमची मालिका कोणत्या स्थानावर|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-mitter-marathi-serial-latest-update-mazhya-navryachi-bayko-swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-update-mhmj-433623.html|access-date=2021-09-03|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903051525/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-mitter-marathi-serial-latest-update-mazhya-navryachi-bayko-swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-update-mhmj-433623.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 5
|2020
|4.4
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=‘स्वराज्यरक्षक संभाजी’ मालिका शेवटाकडे, असा आहे या आठवड्याचा TRP मीटर|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-serial-going-to-off-air-soon-see-weekly-trp-miter-mhmj-435178.html|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|access-date=2021-08-22|language=mr|archive-date=2021-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210822093139/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/entertainment/swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-serial-going-to-off-air-soon-see-weekly-trp-miter-mhmj-435178.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 6
|2020
|4.5
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=टीआरपीच्या स्पर्धेत 'माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको'च अव्वल|url=https://maharashtratimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/television-news/marathi-serial-mazhya-navryachi-bayko-number-one-in-barc-report/articleshow/74195067.cms|access-date=2021-03-08|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 7
|2020
|4.2
|1
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Week 8
|2020
|4.3
|1
|<ref>{{Cite web|title='स्वराज्यरक्षक संभाजी'ने शेवटच्या आठवड्यात देखील मारली बाजी, टीआरपीमध्ये 'या' नंबरवर होती मालिका|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-was-number-3-barc-india-report-psc/|access-date=2021-09-26|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 9
|2020
|2.7
|4
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=TRP मध्ये ‘स्वराज्यरक्षक संभाजी’ मालिकेचा दबदबा कायम, ‘नवऱ्याच्या बायको’ला फटका|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-serial-top-in-trp-miter-mhmj-441210.html|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903051524/https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-serial-top-in-trp-miter-mhmj-441210.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 10
|2020
|4.4
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=‘रात्रीस खेळ चाले २’ची टॉप ५ मध्ये दणदणीत एंट्री, असा आहे या आठवड्याचा TRP मीटर|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-ratings-of-the-week-ratris-khel-chale-in-top-5-serials-zee-marathi-mhmj-442273.html|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr|archive-date=2021-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616175056/https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-ratings-of-the-week-ratris-khel-chale-in-top-5-serials-zee-marathi-mhmj-442273.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Week 13
|2020
|1.9
|5
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Week 28
|2020
|3.8
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=‘या’ मराठी मालिका करतात प्रेक्षकांच्या मनावर राज्य; टीआरपीमध्ये आहेत अव्वल|url=https://www.loksatta.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/2226290/top-5-most-watched-marathi-tv-serials-as-per-week-28-trp-asy-88/|access-date=2021-09-05|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Week 36
|2020
|3.2
|3
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=WEEK 36 - DATA: Saturday, 5th September 2020 To Friday, 11th September 2020|url=https://www.barcindia.co.in/data-insights|url-status=live|website=BARC India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923215908/https://barcindia.co.in/data-insights|archive-date=23 September 2020}}</ref>
|-
|Week 37
|2020
|4.6
|1
|<ref name=":1">{{cite web|title=Marathi TV Serials TRP Ratings|url=https://www.1films.in/2020/06/marathi-tv-serials-trp-ratings-weekly-list-june-july-aug-sept-2020.html?m=1}}</ref>
|-
|Week 38
|2020
|3.5
|3
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Rang Majha Vegla To Sukh Mhanje Nakki Kay Asta!: Here's The Top 5 Shows Of Marathi TV - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/rang-maza-vegla-to-sukh-mhanje-nakki-kay-asta-heres-the-top-5-shows-of-marathi-tv/etphotostory/78427636.cms|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|Week 39
|2020
|3.7
|4
|<ref name=":1" />
|}

== Adaptations ==
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; margin-right: 0;"
! style="background:yellow; width:10%;"| Language
! style="background:yellow; width:25%;"| Title
! style="background:yellow; width:20%;"| Original release
! style="background:yellow; width:10%;"| Network(s)
! style="background:yellow; width:10%;"| Last aired
! style="background:yellow; width:10%;"| Notes
|-
| [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| ''Majhya Navaryachi Bayko'' माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको
| 22 August 2016
| [[Zee Marathi]]
| 7 March 2021
| Original
|-
| [[Kannada]]
| ''[[Subbalakshmi Samsara]]'' ಸಬ್ಬಲಕ್ಷ್ಮಿ ಸಂಸಾರ<ref>{{Cite web|title=When Marathi Garry met Kannada Garry - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/when-marathi-garry-met-kannada-garry/articleshow/62675574.cms|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
| 12 June 2017
| [[Zee Kannada]]
| 3 April 2020
| rowspan="2"| Remake
|-
| [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| ''[[Khasma Nu Khani]]'' ਖ਼ਸਮਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਖਾਣੀ
| 13 January 2020
| [[Zee Punjabi]]
| 3 June 2022
|-
| [[Hindi]]
| ''Mere Raja Ki Rani'' मेरे राजा की रानी<ref>{{Cite web|title=‘माझ्या नवऱ्याची बायको’ मालिका आता हिंदीत येतेय; पाहा, प्रोमो|url=https://www.lokmat.com/filmy/television/mazya-navryachi-bayko-marathi-serial-now-in-hindi-watch-promo-a590/|website=[[Lokmat]]|access-date=2022-04-01|language=mr}}</ref>
| 1 July 2024
| [[Zee TV]]
| 16 September 2024
| rowspan="2"| Dubbed
|-
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| ''Bhalobashar Lukochuri'' ভালোবাসার লুকোচুরি
| 22 July 2024
| [[Zee Bangla]]
| 21 September 2024
|}

== Awards ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ [[Zee Marathi Utsav Natyancha Awards]]
!Year
!Category
!Recipient
!Ref.
|-
| rowspan="2" |2016
|Best Mother
|[[Anita Date-Kelkar]]
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-10-17|title=‘झी मराठी पुरस्कार २०१६’ विजेत्यांची संपूर्ण यादी|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan-news/full-list-of-zee-marathi-award-2016-winners-1319777/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |Best Negative Actress
| rowspan="2" |[[Rasika Sunil]]
|-
| rowspan="4" |2017
| rowspan="4" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-10|title=झी मराठी अवॉर्ड्सवर ‘लागिरं झालं जी’ची ठसठशीत मोहोर|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan-news/zee-marathi-awards-2017-winners-lagira-zhala-jee-grabs-10-awards-1567407/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Best Character Female
|[[Anita Date-Kelkar]]
|-
|Best Negative Actor
|[[Abhijeet Khandkekar]]
|-
|Best Mother-in-law
|Bharati Patil
|-
| rowspan="5" |2018
|Best Actress
| rowspan="2" |[[Anita Date-Kelkar]]
| rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-10-29|title=झी मराठी अवॉर्ड्स २०१८च्या पुरस्कारांची यादी|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/zee-marathi-awards-2018-winner-list/449068|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Best Character Female
|-
|Best Supporting Female
|Shweta Mehendale
|-
|Best Mother-in-law
|Bharati Patil
|-
|Best Father-in-law
| rowspan="2"|Devendra Dodke
|-
|2019
|Best Father
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-14|title=‘झी मराठी अवॉर्ड्स २०१९’चा दैदिप्यमान सोहळा|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan-news/zee-marathi-awards-2019-full-list-of-winners-ssv-92-1992408/|access-date=2021-01-19|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt10305452}}
* [https://www.zee5.com/tvshows/details/mazhya-navryachi-bayko/0-6-164 ''Majhya Navaryachi Bayko''] at [[ZEE5]]

[[Category:Marathi-language television shows]]
[[Category:Zee Marathi original programming]]
[[Category:2016 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:2021 Indian television series endings]]
[[Category:Television productions suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic]]

Laxman Pawar

2026-04-10T08:59:20Z

Maleeha: adding some article first draft

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Laxman Madhavrao Pawar
| native_name = लक्ष्मण माधवराव पवार
| image =
| office = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2014
| term_end = 2024
| predecessor =
| successor =
| office1 =
| prime_minister1 =
| predecessor1 = [[Badamrao Pandit]]
| successor1 = [[Vijaysinh Pandit]]
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| occupation = [[Politician]]
| children =
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| constituency1 = [[Georai Assembly constituency|Georai]]
| profession =
| spouse =
| sibling =
| website =
}}

'''Laxman Madhavrao Pawar''' is an Indian politician, the leader of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and a member of the [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]] elected from [[Georai Assembly constituency]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Georai Election Results 2019 Live Updates (गेवराई, Gevrai): Laxman Madhavrao Pawar of BJP Wins|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/georai-election-results-2019-live-updates-gevrai-winner-loser-leading-trailing-2359303.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221102173327/https://www.news18.com/amp/news/politics/georai-election-results-2019-live-updates-gevrai-winner-loser-leading-trailing-2359303.html |archive-date=2 November 2022 |access-date=2 November 2022 |website= [[News18 India]] |language=English
}}</ref> in [[Beed district|Beed]] city.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 November 2022 |title=Laxman Madhavrao Pawar(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency - GEORAI (BEED) Affidavit Information of Candidate|url=https://myneta.info/maharashtra2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=11054 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221102172915/https://myneta.info/maharashtra2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=11054 |archive-date=2 November 2022 |access-date=2 November 2022 |website= [[Association for Democratic Reforms|myneta.info]] |language=English
}}</ref>

==Positions held==
* 2019: Elected to [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2019 |title=राज्यातील विजयी उमेदवारांची यादी येथे पाहा|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/maharashtra/mumbai-news/vidhan-sabha-nivadnuk-list-of-winning-candidates-in-the-state/articleshow/71749478.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026162142/https://maharashtratimes.com/maharashtra/mumbai-news/vidhan-sabha-nivadnuk-list-of-winning-candidates-in-the-state/amp_articleshow/71749478.cms |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website= [[Maharashtra Times]] |language=Marathi
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2019 |title=Maharashtra Election 2019 Winners Full List: Check full list of winning candidates in Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha Chunav 2019 |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/maharashtra-assembly-election-2019-winners-full-list/1744244/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026205732/https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/maharashtra-assembly-election-2019-winners-full-list/1744244/ |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]]|language=English
}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pawar, Laxman}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:People from Beed]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{Maharashtra-BJP-politician-stub}}

Jhargram Raj Palace

2026-04-04T16:49:11Z

Maleeha: new new info!

{{short description|Palace in Jhargram district, West Bengal, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox building
|name= Jhargram Palace
|image=File:Jhargram Palace-Jhargram,Medinipur-West Bengal 721507-DSC 0013 04.jpg
|caption= The façade of Jhargram Rajbari
|latitude=
|longitude=
|location_town= [[Jhargram]], [[West Bengal]]
|location_country= [[India]]
|architect= Late Khytish Chandra Biswas, the then Chief Valuer of [[Calcutta Improvement Trust]]
|client=
|engineer=
|construction_start_date=
|completion_date=
|demolished_date=
|cost=
|structural_system=
|architectural_style= [[Italianate architecture|Italian]]
|size=
| website = http://www.jhargrampalace.com
}}
The '''Jhargram Raj Palace''', also known as '''Jhargram Rajbari''', is the current residence of the Malla Deb royal family. Situated in [[Jhargram district]], [[West Bengal]]. About 15 rooms on the ground floor have been converted into a Heritage Hotel managed by the West Bengal Tourism Development Corporation Ltd.<ref>{{cite news |title=Royal retreats: Jhargram Palace/ Midnapore |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080705/jsp/personaltt/story_9503606.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920012322/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080705/jsp/personaltt/story_9503606.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 September 2008 |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=5 July 2008 |accessdate=16 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Chowdhury |first1=Shradhha |title=Durga Pujo beyond Kolkata: rajbaris to river cruises |url=https://www.cntraveller.in/story/durga-pujo-beyond-kolkata-rajbaris-to-river-cruises/ |access-date=4 April 2026 |work=Condé Nast Traveller |date=17 October 2023}}</ref>

==History==
Raja Man Singh, granted ''mansabdari'' of the entire region of Junglekhand to his victorious generals Sarveshwar Singh Chauhan and his elder brother, under suzerainty and subordination as a tributary vassal state to the Mughal Emperor Akbar. He named his capital Jhargram which means 'a village surrounded by deep forests', hence the rulers of Jhargram assumed the title "Malla Deb".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.royalfamilyofindia.com/jhargram/ |title=Royal Families of India |access-date=26 November 2014 |archive-date=28 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928135503/http://www.royalfamilyofindia.com/jhargram/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="book">{{cite book |last1=Mondal |first1=Bikram |title=Broken Palace |date=7 September 2021 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=9781685544089 |pages=150-153 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Broken_Palace/2ApyEAAAQBAJ?hl=en |access-date=4 April 2026}}</ref>

In 1799, the ruler of Jhargram, revolted against the [[East India Company]] along with rulers of Bishnupur and others and the revolt was termed as Chuar Mutiny. The ruler was forced to surrender and the status Jhargram kingdom made to a Zamindari estate under the British authority. The kingdom had eight sardars under the system and one Sub Zamindar of Beliaberah.<ref>[http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/j/jhargram.html Indian Princely States]</ref><ref name="book"/>

The royal family ruled their dominions and estates from Jhargram Palace. The kingdom had its golden era during the reign of Raja [[Narasingha Malla Deb]], under the guidance of his mentor and Dewan Rai Bahadur Debendra Mohan Bhattacharya, he developed Jhargram town into a modern planned township and commissioned the new Palace in 1931 which is one of the finest example of [[Indo Saracenic]] architecture in Eastern India and spread over 30 acres.<ref>{{cite news|title=JhargramEstate|url=https://cbkwgl.wordpress.com/2014/05/19/jhargram-estate/|publisher=WordPress.com|date=19 May 2014|accessdate=1 December 2014|archive-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223075649/https://cbkwgl.wordpress.com/2014/05/19/jhargram-estate/|url-status=live}}</ref>{{self-published inline|date=January 2025}}

==Architecture==
The Main Building is impressive. The Jhargram Raj Palace is an opulent [[Italianate]] structure, set in carefully laid lawns and gardens. The Palace was restructured in 1931 CE, by the [[Calcutta Improvement Trust]] during the reign of Raja [[Narasingha Malla Deb]] Bahadur. In the Palace campus, so evocative of a regal lifestyle, the past comes alive.<ref>{{cite news |title=Top Heritage Hotel in India |url=http://coveringindia.com/top-heritage-hotel-in-india/ |publisher=Covering India |date=27 January 2015 |accessdate=16 September 2015 |archive-date=28 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928152830/http://coveringindia.com/top-heritage-hotel-in-india/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Palatial Guest House is a part of the Jhargram Raj Palace it has been a host to several dignitaries right from its inception some of the dignitaries who have officially stayed in this building as per the records are:
*[[Lord Willingdon]], the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Viceroy]] of India
*[[John Herbert (Conservative politician)|Sir John Arthur Herbert]], the [[Governor]] of [[Bengal]]
*[[Richard Casey, Baron Casey|Lord Richard Casey]], the Governor of Bengal;
*[[Chakravarti Rajagopalachari]]
*[[Prafulla Chandra Ghosh]]
*[[Bidhan Chandra Ray]]
*[[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]
*[[Morarji Desai]]
*[[General Cariappa]]
*[[Uttam Kumar]]
*[[Saiyid Nurul Hasan]]
*[[Pranab Mukherjee]]
*[[Mamata Banerjee]]<ref>[http://www.jhargrampalace.com/about.php/Honored guests of the Royal family]</ref>

==Heritage tourism==
The proprietors of Jhargram Palace have converted a part of the palace into a heritage hotel.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Saurya |first1=Sengupta |title=Bengal's 'rajbaris' are slowly becoming boutique hotels |url=https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/travel/in-the-palaces-of-memory/article24209001.ece |access-date=4 April 2026 |work=The Hindu |date=21 June 2018}}</ref> It is maintained by the West Bengal Tourism Development Corporation Ltd, called the Jhargram Rajbari Tourism Project.<ref>{{cite news |title=Royal retreats, the heritage palace hotels of West Bengal |url=https://www.getbengal.com/home/story_detail/royal-retreats-the-heritage-palace-hotels-of-west-bengal |access-date=4 April 2026 |work=Get Bengal |date=29 December 2022}}</ref> Other tourism infrastructures in and around the palace which is boosting tourism in West Bengal.<ref>{{cite news |title=How heritage projects in locations like Jhargram Palace are boosting tourism in West Bengal |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/services/travel/how-heritage-projects-in-locations-like-jhargram-palace-are-boosting-tourism-in-west-bengal/articleshow/51221753.cms |publisher=Economic Times |date=2 March 2016 |accessdate=4 May 2017 |archive-date=26 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190126002326/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/services/travel/how-heritage-projects-in-locations-like-jhargram-palace-are-boosting-tourism-in-west-bengal/articleshow/51221753.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Jhargram Raj]]
* [[Narasingha Malla Deb]]

== References ==
<references />

== External links ==
{{Wikivoyage}}

{{coord missing|West Bengal}}

[[Category:Palaces in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Heritage hotels in India]]
[[Category:Hotels in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Jhargram district]]
[[Category:Royal residences in India]]
[[Category:Italianate architecture in India]]

Ashish Kumar Bhutani

2026-04-04T03:30:21Z

Maleeha: created new biography

{{Short description|Indian civil servant}}
{{Infobox civil servant
| name = Ashish Kumar Bhutani
| image =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1967|09|21}}
| birth_place =
| education = [[Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery|MBBS]]
| occupation = Civil servant
| office =
| term_start =
| office2 =
| term_start2 =
| service_years =
| rank =
| known_for =
}}
'''Ashish Kumar Bhutani''' (born 21 September 1967<ref name=":0" />) is an [[Indian Administrative Service]] (IAS) officer of the 1992 Assam-Meghalaya cadre. He is currently serving as the [[Ministry of Co-operation|Secretary of the Ministry of Co-operation]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Dr. Ashish Kumar Bhutani promoted as Secretary of Ministry of Cooperation |url=https://assamtribune.com/national/dr-ashish-kumar-bhutani-promoted-as-secretary-of-ministry-of-cooperation-1520716 |access-date=2 October 2025 |work=[[The Assam Tribune]] |date=15 February 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dr. Ashish Kumar Bhutani, IAS Promoted To Secretary Of Ministry Of Cooperation In Government Of India |url=https://guwahatiplus.com/buzz/ashish-kumar-bhutani-promoted-to-secretary-of-ministry-of-cooperation-in-government-of-india |access-date=2 October 2025 |work=Guwahati Plus |language=en}}</ref> [[Government of India]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Awana |first1=Amit |title=Bhutani leads Swachhotsav Campaign from front |url=https://www.indiancooperative.com/co-op-news-snippets/bhutani-leads-swachhotsav-campaign-from-front/ |access-date=2 October 2025 |date=18 September 2025 |language=en}}</ref>

==Early life and education==

Bhutani was born on 21 September 1967. He holds a degree in Medicine [[Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery|MBBS]] from [[King George's Medical University]], [[Lucknow]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=IAS Ashish Kumar Bhutani Biography: Current Posting, Age, Cadre, Batch & More |url=https://thesecretariat.in/bureautrack/ashish-kumar-bhutani-01am023800 |access-date=2 October 2025 |work=The secretariat |language=en}}</ref>

==Career==

Bhutani is currently serving as [[Ministry of Co-operation|Secretary of the Ministry of Co-operation]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Cooperative societies PAN data crucial for GDP measurement: Cooperation Secy |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/policy/cooperative-societies-pan-data-crucial-for-gdp-measurement-cooperation-secy/articleshow/120210809.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2 October 2025 |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=11 April 2025}}</ref> [[Government of India]]. Before this appointment, he was the CEO of the [[Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana]] (PMFBY),<ref>{{cite news |title=Secretary, Agriculture & FW, Shri Sanjay Agarwal inaugurates 4th National Conference on Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana in Udaipur |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1603470 |access-date=2 October 2025 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]]}}</ref> with the rank of Additional Secretary in the [[Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare]], Government of India.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ashish Kumar Bhutani appointed CEO of PM crop insurance scheme |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/economy/ashish-kumar-bhutani-appointed-ceo-of-pm-crop-insurance-scheme-2839211.html |access-date=2 October 2025 |work=[[Moneycontrol]]}}</ref>

He has also served in the [[Government of Assam]] as Additional Chief Secretary,<ref>{{cite news |title=Ashish Kumar Bhutani |url=https://www.witnessinthecorridors.com/TagDetails.aspx?tag=ashish-kumar-bhutani&index=1&Id=1 |access-date=2 October 2025 |work=Witness In The Corridors |language=en}}</ref> in charge of the Departments of Agriculture and Transformation & Development and chairman of State Level Recruitment Commission for all Grade-III posts.<ref>{{cite news |title=Major reshuffle of bureaucrats in Assam |url=https://www.business-northeast.com/major-reshuffle-of-bureaucrats-in-assam |access-date=2 October 2025 |work=Business Northeast}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhutani, Ashish Kumar}}
[[Category:1967 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian civil servants]]
[[Category:King George's Medical University alumni]]

Madan Yerawar

2026-03-30T11:46:05Z

Maleeha:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| office3 = Minister of state [[Government of Maharashtra]]
| term_start3 = 8 July 2016
| term_end3 = 8 November 2019
| 1blankname4 = [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]
| 1namedata3 =
| 2blankname3 = Department
| 2namedata3 = Public Works Energy Tourism Food & Drug Administration
| office = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = (2014-2019), (2019
| term_end = 2024)
| predecessor = Nandini Nilesh Deshmukh Parvekar
| constituency = [[Yavatmal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Yavatmal]]
| term_start1 = (2004
| term_end1 = 2009)
| predecessor1 = Kirti Gandhi
| successor1 = Nilesh Shivram Deshmukh Parvekar
| constituency1 = [[Yavatmal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Yavatmal]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1963|1|26}}
| birth_place = [[Yavatmal]], [[Maharashtra]]
| party = {{flagicon image|BJP flag.svg}} [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| spouse = Minaltai Yerawar
| children = 2 Daughters
| parents = Madhukarao Govindrao Yerawar (Father) Minaltai M. Yerawar (Mother)
| education = [[Diploma in Pharmacy]]
| website =
| footnote =
| successor = [[Balasaheb Mangulkar]]
}}

'''Madan Madhukarrao Yerawar''' is a member of the 14th [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]] from [[Yavatmal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]] serving his third term as MLA.

Madan Yerawar was made Minister of State in [[First Fadnavis ministry]] for Energy, Tourism, Food and Drugs Administration and Public work. He held this position during October 2014 to November 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/maharashtra-cabinet-reshuffle-cm-allocated-portfolios-to-newly-sworn-in-ministers-2904213/|title=Maharashtra cabinet reshuffle: CM allocated portfolios to newly sworn-in ministers|date=10 July 2016}}</ref>

He has been a former member of the Assembly from Yavatmal in 2004 by defeating MLA Kirti Gandhi of [[Indian National Council|INC]].

<ref name="NDTV-20120519" /><ref name="IT-20141103">{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/assembly-elections-2015/story/maharashtra-assembly-poll-results-bjp-shiv-sena-ncp-congress-223847-2014-10-19|title=Results of Maharashtra Assembly polls 2014 |work=India Today|access-date=2015-07-11}}</ref> His victory was amongst the five seats won by the BJP, that resulted in the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) not being able to win a single seat in [[Yavatmal district]] once its stronghold.<ref name="TOI-20141019">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/Congress-routed-in-Yavatmal-dist/articleshow/44878259.cms|title=Congress routed in Yavatmal dist|first=T. O.|last=Abraham|date=2014-10-19|work=Times of India|accessdate=11 July 2015}}</ref>

He is a stakeholder in Chintamani Agrotech a company involved in power generation in Yavatmal, a company that had [[Nitin Gadkari]] as one of its directors.<ref name="NDTV-20120519">{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/vidarbha-the-lie-of-the-land-483608|title=Vidarbha: The Lie of the Land|last=Jain |first=Sreenivasan|date=2012-05-19|work=NDTV|accessdate=16 July 2015}}</ref>
He is considered as a "protege'" of Gadkari, and the 2014 contest had been considered as a "prestige issue" for Gadkari and [[Ajit Pawar]] whose mentee Sandeep Bajoria was pitted against him.
He was also a guardian minister of [[Buldhana district]] & [[Yavatmal district]] which is located in Vidharbha [[Maharashtra]] India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://maharashtratimes.com/maharashtra/navi-mumbai/state-minister-madan-yerawar-as-the-guardian-minister-of-buldhana/articleshow/64890133.cms|title=बुलढाणा पालकमंत्रीपदी राज्यमंत्री मदन येरावार|website=Maharashtra Times}}</ref><ref name="TOI-20141012">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/Yavatmal-and-Arni-are-prestige-issue-for-Cong-BJP-NCP/articleshow/44787268.cms|title=Yavatmal and Arni are prestige issue for Cong, BJP, NCP|last=Abraham |first=T. O. |date=2014-10-12|work=Times of India|accessdate=16 July 2015}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yerawar, Madan Madhukarrao}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:1963 births]]

Gaurav Kapur

2026-03-26T11:16:55Z

Maleeha: quick updated intro for clarity and added references

{{Short description|Indian actor and television presenter (born 1981)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Gaurav Kapur
| image = {{CSS image crop
| Image = Opening Ceremony Hockey World Cup 2018 (21).jpg
| bSize = 600
| cWidth = 200
| cHeight = 230
| oTop = 100
| oLeft = 170
| Location = centre
}}
| image_upright = 1.4
| caption = Gaurav Kapur in Opening Ceremony [[Hockey World Cup]] 2018 in [[Odisa]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1981|4|11|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
| occupation = Actor, presenter
| years_active = 2003–present
| known_for = [[Extraaa Innings T20]],
Breakfast with Champions
| spouse = {{ubl|| {{marriage|[[Kirat Bhattal]]|2014|end=divorce|2021}}|{{marriage|[[Kritika Kamra]]|2026}}}}
}}
'''Gaurav Kapur''' (born 11 April 1981), also spelled as '''Gaurav Kapoor''' is an Indian actor, television and cricket presenter known for being the host of the pre-match [[Indian Premier League]] show, ''[[Extraaa Innings T20]]'', ''Cricbuzz Live'' and his [[YouTube]] show ''Breakfast with Champions''.

== Career ==
Gaurav was seventeen when he started working on FM.<ref name="FilmiBeat">{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/gaurav-kapoor/biography.html|title=Exclusive biography of #GauravKapoor and on his life.|website=FilmiBeat|access-date=2016-05-01}}</ref> After beginning as a radio jockey, he did a travel show called Indian holiday on Sony Television which explored scenic Indian locations with Anu Malhotra and Mini Mathur. Subsequently, he worked as a VJ on [[Channel V India|Channel V]].<ref name="FilmiBeat" /> He made his Bollywood debut with [[Darna Mana Hai]] in 2003 playing a character named Romi.<ref>{{Citation|last=Raman|first=Prawaal|title=Darna Mana Hai|date=2003-07-25|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0349333/|accessdate=2016-05-01}}</ref> In the same year he acted in another horror movie Ssssshhhh.<ref name="FilmiBeat-2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/gaurav-kapoor/filmography.html|title=Check out lists of Movies by #GauravKapoor #Filmography|website=FilmiBeat|access-date=2016-05-01}}</ref> He then worked in Chai Pani Etc. in 2004 which was a comedy film by Manu Rewal and [[White Rainbow (film)|White Rainbow]] in 2005. He also worked in the comedy film [[Kudiyon Ka Hai Zamana|Kudiyon Ka Hai Zamaana]] and acted as Ahmed in [[Ram Gopal Varma Ki Aag]] which was a remake of [[Sholay]].<ref name="FilmiBeat-2" />

In 2008, several films in which he worked on were released including Secrets of the Seven Sounds, [[Quick Gun Murugun]], The Mole and [[Ugly Aur Pagli]]. Notably in the same year, he worked with [[Anupam Kher]] and [[Naseeruddin Shah]] in [[Neeraj Pandey]]'s [[A Wednesday!|A Wednesday]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Pandey|first=Neeraj|title=A Wednesday|date=2008-09-05|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1280558/|accessdate=2016-05-01}}</ref>

Gaurav Kapur played the lead in the comedy Bad Luck Govind (2009) that opened to mixed reviews.<ref>{{Citation|last=Khanna|first=Varun|title=Bad Luck Govind|date=2009-01-09|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1199490/|accessdate=2016-05-01}}</ref> He appeared in the film Saluun in 2009.<ref>{{Citation|last=Bhat|first=Nikhil|title=Saluun|date=2000-01-01|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1370437/|accessdate=2016-05-01}}</ref> In 2011, he appeared in [[Chala Mussaddi... Office Office|Chala Mussaddi - Office Office]].

He hosted the [[cricket]] based [[talk show]] ''Extraaa Innings T20'' from 2008 to 2017, covering the [[Indian Premier League]].

In March 2017, Gaurav started a web series called 'Breakfast with Champions' where he interviews and interacts with cricketers and other sports athletes. Many including [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]], [[Michael Holding]], [[Shoaib Akhtar]], [[Gary Kirsten]], [[Zaheer Khan]], [[Harbhajan Singh]], [[Yuvraj Singh]] with wife [[Hazel Keech]], [[Ashish Nehra]], [[Danny Morrison (cricketer)|Danny Morrison]], [[Gautam Gambhir]], [[Ajinkya Rahane]], [[Dwayne Bravo]], [[Matthew Hayden]], [[Virat Kohli]], [[Cheteshwar Pujara]], [[Rohit Sharma]], [[Sourav Ganguly]], [[Sachin Tendulkar]], [[Rahul Dravid]], [[Smriti Mandhana]], [[Shikhar Dhawan]], [[Yuzvendra Chahal]], [[Kuldeep Yadav]], [[Bhuvneshwar Kumar]], [[Rashid Khan]], [[Parthiv Patel]], [[Ravi Shastri]], [[Harmanpreet Kaur]], [[Jemimah Rodrigues]], [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]], [[Mithali Raj]], [[Abhinav Bindra]], [[Leander Paes]] and [[Geeta Phogat]] have appeared on this show.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/brunch/chatty-cricketers-and-sassy-comedians-the-best-of-the-internet-with-brunch-s-wtf/story-YSqfAy3YrtISUcKeZo3l4M.html|title=Chatty cricketers and sassy comedians: The best of the Internet with Brunch's WTF|date=2017-03-04|work=hindustantimes.com/|access-date=2017-03-08|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/breaking-bread-over-cricket-gaurav-kapur-web-series-sports-stars-cricket/18006180|title=Breaking bread over cricket|work=mid-day|access-date=2017-03-08|language=en}}</ref>

Gaurav Kapur co-founded Kommune Arts Private Limited, a performance arts collective, with Ankur Tewari and Roshan Abbas in July 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zaubacorp.com/company/KOMMUNE-ARTS-PRIVATE-LIMITED/U74999MH2017PTC297015|title=Kommune Arts Private Limited|last=|first=|date=11 August 2019|website=Zauba Corp|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=26 February 2020}}</ref>

In 2018, he joined [[Cricbuzz]] LIVE as an anchor, an online based cricket talk show covering the Indian Premier League and other [[India national cricket team|Indian cricket team]] matches.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/101404/cricbuzz-ropes-in-zaheer-khan-among-others-for-ipl-launches-cricbuzz-live|title=Cricbuzz ropes in Zaheer Khan among others for IPL; launches Cricbuzz Live|work=Cricbuzz|access-date=2018-04-13|language=en}}</ref>

Kapur co-created and wrote the 2025 [[Netflix]] crime drama series ''[[Dabba Cartel]]'' alongside Shibani Akhtar, Vishnu Menon, and Akanksha Seda.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt15340954/fullcredits/ |title=Dabba Cartel (TV Series 2025– ) - Full cast & crew - IMDb |language=en-US |access-date=2026-02-19 |via=www.imdb.com}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Gaurav completed his schooling in [[Mount St Mary's School (New Delhi)|Mount St. Mary's School]].<ref name="FilmiBeat" /> He completed his undergraduate degree in [[Sri Venkateswara College]] in Delhi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Gaurav-Kapur-aint-no-angel/articleshow/6479862.cms|title=Gaurav Kapur ain't no angel|date=3 September 2010|newspaper=The Times of India|first=Diksha|last=Kamra|access-date=10 September 2019}}</ref>

He married actress [[Kirat Bhattal]] on 3 November 2014 in [[Chandigarh]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/inside-gaurav-kapur-kirat-bhattals-wedding-pictures-of-baraat-baraatis-and-jaimala-688612|title=Inside Gaurav Kapur, Kirat Bhattals Wedding: Pictures of Baraat, Baraatis and Jaimala - NDTV Movies|website=NDTVMovies.com|date=3 November 2014 |access-date=2016-05-01}}</ref> They divorced in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Desk |first1=India TV News |last2=News |first2=India TV |date=2025-12-10 |title=Kirat Bhattal: Meet Gaurav Kapur's ex-wife who parted ways after 7 years |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/tv/kirat-bhattal-gaurav-kapur-s-ex-wife-kritika-kamra-2025-12-10-1021131 |access-date=2026-02-19 |website=India TV News |language=en}}</ref>

He resides in [[Bandra]], [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tushky.com/blog/from-being-bullied-in-school-to-the-ipl-centerstage-the-gaurav-kapur-story/|title=From being bullied in school to the IPL centerstage - The Gaurav Kapur Story - Tushky|last=tushky|date=2014-04-24|language=en-US|access-date=2016-08-12}}</ref> Gaurav married actress [[Kritika Kamra]] on 11 March 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gaurav Kapur recalls first-ever conversation with wife Kritika Kamra, says her calmness surprised him: ‘Commitment means always having her back’ |work=The Indian Express |date=14 March 2026 |access-date=26 March 2026 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/kritika-kamra-gaurav-kapur-wedding-first-conversation-calmness-having-her-back-10581081/}}</ref>

=== Business interests ===
In April 2016, Gaurav started a dedicated sports media and production agency named Oaktree Creative Solutions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oaktreecreative.in/|title=Oaktree Creative Solutions. - Capturing the extraordinary in the ordinary!|website=Oaktree Creative|language=en-US|access-date=2017-09-29}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
[[File:Deepika Padukone,Ajay Jadeja,Harsha Bhogle,Gaurav Kapoor on DLF IPL's Extraaa Innings (1).jpg|thumb|246x246px|Gaurav Kapur (rightmost) hosting Extraaa Innings T20]]

=== Films ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Title
!Role
|-
| rowspan="2" |2003
|''[[Darna Mana Hai]]''
|Romi
|-
|''[[Sssshhh...]]''
|Rajat
|-
|2004
|''Chai Pani Etc.''
|Harish
|-
|2005
|''[[White Rainbow (film)|White Rainbow]]''
|Gaurav Kapoor
|-
|2006
|''[[Kudiyon Ka Hai Zamana]]''
|Rahul
|-
|2007
|[[Ram Gopal Varma Ki aag|''Ram Gopal Verma ki Aag'']]
|Ahmed
|-
| rowspan="3" |2008
|''The Mole''
|The Assassin
|-
|[[Ugly Aur Pagli|''Ugli Aur Pagli'']]
|Hemal
|-
|''[[A Wednesday!]]''
|Ajay Khanna
|-
| rowspan="3" |2009
|''Bad Luck Govind''
|Govind Surender Sharma
|-
|''Saluun''
|Asok
|-
|''[[Quick Gun Murugun]]''
|Cameo appearance
|-
|2011
|[[Chala Mussaddi... Office Office|''Chala Mussaddi - Office Office'']]
|Bunty M. Tripathii
|-
|2013
|''[[Kai Po Che!]]''
|Cricket Commentator
|}

=== Television ===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
! scope="col" |Year
! scope="col" |Title
! scope="col" |Role
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Notes
|-
|2006–2007
! scope="row" |''[[The Great Indian Comedy Show]]''
| rowspan="3" |Himself
|Contestant
|-
|2008–2015
! scope="row" |''[[Extraaa Innings T20]]''
| rowspan="2" |Host
|-
|2018–Present
! scope="row" |''[[Cricbuzz|Cricbuzz Live]]'' (Hindi and English)
|}

== Awards and nominations ==
*
{| class="wikitable"
! Year !! Award !! Category !! Result
|-
| 2012
| rowspan="1" | EC Live Quotient Awards
| Best Anchor (Media Personality)(Male)
| {{won}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eventfaqs.com/lqa/2012/home.htm|title=EC Quotient Awards 2012|access-date=29 September 2017|archive-date=6 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206141515/https://www.eventfaqs.com/lqa/2012/home.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kapur, Gaurav}}
[[Category:Indian male television actors]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1981 births]]
[[Category:Indian television presenters]]
[[Category:Indian video jockeys]]
[[Category:Indian podcasters]]

Department of Atomic Energy

2026-03-22T14:24:32Z

Maleeha: refined section further and added references as per guidelines

{{Short description|Department with headquarters in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox government agency
| name = Department of Atomic Energy
| native_name_a = {{lang|hi|परमाणु ऊर्जा विभाग}}
| native_name_r = {{lang|hi-Latn|Paramāṇu Ūrjā Vibhāga}}
| type = Department
| logo = Department of Atomic Energy.svg
| logo_caption = Logo of DAE Motto: ''Atoms in the Service of the Nation''
| formed = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1954|08|03}}
| preceding2 = 
| jurisdiction = [[Government of India]]
| headquarters = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dae.nic.in/?q=node/38 |title=Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India |publisher=Dae.gov.in. |date=2009-11-03 |access-date=2011-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001185009/http://dae.nic.in/?q=node%2F38 |archive-date=1 October 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| employees =
| budget = {{INRConvert|25078.49|c}} (2023-24 est)<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=1 February 2021|title=DEPARTMENT OF ATOMIC ENERGY|url=https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/eb/sbe3.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526111843/https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/eb/sbe3.pdf |archive-date=26 May 2020 |access-date=6 February 2021|website=Union Budget}}</ref>
| minister1_name = [[Narendra Modi]]
| minister1_pfo = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| deputyminister1_name = [[Jitendra Singh (politician, born 1956)|Jitendra Singh]]
| deputyminister1_pfo = [[Minister of State|Minister of State in the Department of Atomic Energy]]
| chief1_name =[[Ajit Kumar Mohanty]]
| chief1_position = [[Secretary to the Government of India|Secretary of Atomic Energy]] and Chairman, [[Atomic Energy Commission of India|Atomic Energy Commission]]
| chief2_name =
| chief2_position =
| chief3_name =
| chief3_position =
| chief4_name =
| chief4_position =
| chief5_name =
| chief5_position =
| chief6_name =
| chief6_position =
| chief7_name =
| chief7_position =
| chief8_name =
| chief8_position =
| chief9_name =
| chief9_position =
| parent_department =
| parent_agency = [[Prime Minister's Office (India)|Prime Minister's Office]]
| child1_agency = [[Atomic Energy Commission of India|Atomic Energy Commission]]
| child2_agency = [[Atomic Energy Regulatory Board]]
| keydocument1 = 
| website = {{URL|https://dae.gov.in/}}
| logo_width = 196px
}}
{{Politics of India}}

The '''Department of Atomic Energy''' ('''DAE''') ([[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]]: ''Paramāṇu Ūrjā Vibhāga'') is an Indian government department with headquarters in [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dae.nic.in/?q=node/38|title=Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India|date=2009-11-03|publisher=Dae.gov.in.|access-date=2010-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001185009/http://dae.nic.in/?q=node%2F38|archive-date=1 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> DAE was established in 1954 with [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] as its first minister and [[Homi J. Bhabha|Homi Bhabha]] as its secretary.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SWJ6EAAAQBAJ&pg=PP74|title=Kautilya's Arthashastra: Strategic Cultural Roots of India's Contemporary Statecraft|author=Kajari Kamal|page=74|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2022|isbn=9781000637472 }}</ref>

DAE has been engaged in the development of [[nuclear power]] [[Nuclear technology|technology]], applications of radiation technologies in the fields of [[agriculture]], [[medicine]], [[Industrial sector|industry]] and [[basic research]]. DAE comprises six research centres, three industrial organisations, five public sector undertakings and three service organisations. It has under its aegis two boards for promoting and funding extramural research in nuclear and allied fields, mathematics and a national institute (deemed university). It also supports eight institutes of international repute engaged in research in [[basic sciences]], [[astronomy]], [[astrophysics]], [[cancer research]] and [[education]]. It also has in its fold an educational society that provides educational facilities for children of DAE employees.

The important programmes of the DAE are directed towards:

* Enhancing the share of nuclear power in the Power Sector by deployment of indigenous and other proven technologies, and to develop fast breeder reactors, as well as thorium-based reactors with associated fuel cycle facilities;
* Building and operating of research reactors for the production of radioisotopes, building other sources of radiation such as accelerators and lasers, and developing and deploying radiation technology applications in the fields of medicine, agriculture, industry and basic research.
* Developing advanced technologies such as accelerators, lasers, supercomputers, robotics, areas related to fusion research, strategic materials and instrumentation, and encouraging the transfer of technology to industry.
* Carrying out and supporting basic research in nuclear energy and related frontier areas of science; interaction with universities and academic institutions; support to research and development projects having a bearing on DAE's programmes, and international cooperation in related advanced areas of research and contribution to national security.

==Apex Board==
* [[Atomic Energy Commission of India|Atomic Energy Commission]] (AEC), [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]]

== Regulatory Board and Organisation ==
* [[Atomic Energy Regulatory Board]] (AERB), [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]]

== Research & Development Sector ==
*[[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] (BARC), [[Mumbai]], following Research institutions affiliated to [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre|BARC]]
*[[Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and Research]] (AMD), [[Hyderabad]]
*[[Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research]] (IGCAR), [[Kalpakkam]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
*National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, TIFR, Pune
*[[Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology]] (RRCAT), [[Indore]]
*[[Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre]] (VECC), [[Kolkata]]
*[[Global Centre for Nuclear Energy Partnership]] (GCNEP), [[Bahadurgarh]], [[Haryana]]
*[[Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Muzaffarpur]]

== Public Sector ==
*[[Electronics Corporation of India]] (ECIL), Hyderabad
*[[Indian Rare Earths Limited]] (IREL), [[Mumbai]]
*[[Uranium Corporation of India]] (UCIL), [[Singhbhum district|Singhbhum]]
* [[Nuclear Power Corporation of India]] (NPCIL), [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]]
*[[BHAVINI|Bharatiya Nabhkiya Vidyut Nigam Limited]] (BHAVINI), [[Kalpakkam]], [[Tamil Nadu]]

== Industrial Organisations ==
*[[Heavy Water Board]] (HWB), Mumbai
*[[Nuclear Fuel Complex]] (NFC), Hyderabad
*[[Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology|Board of Radiation & Isotope Technology]] (BRIT), Mumbai

== Service Organisations ==
*[https://dcsem.gov.in/ Directorate of Construction, Services and Estate Management (DCSEM)], [[Mumbai]]
*[https://www.dps.gov.in/ Directorate of Purchase and Stores (DPS)], [[Mumbai]]
*[https://www.igcar.gov.in/gso/ General Services Organisation (GSO)], [[Kalpakkam]]

== Universities and Boards ==
*[[Homi Bhabha National Institute]], [[Mumbai]]
*[https://brns.res.in/ Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences], [[Mumbai]]

== Aided Institutions ==
*[[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]], [[Mumbai]]
*[[Tata Memorial Centre|Tata Memorial Centre (TMC)]], [[Mumbai]]
*[https://www.cbs.ac.in/ Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences] [https://www.cbs.ac.in/ (CEBS)], [[Mumbai]]
*[[Institute for Plasma Research|Institute for Plasma Research (IPR)]], [[Gandhinagar]]
*[[Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics|Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP)]], [[Kolkata]]
*[[Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar|Institute of Physics (IoP)]], [[Bhubaneswar]]
*[[National Institute of Science Education and Research|National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)]], [[Jatani]]
*[[Harish-Chandra Research Institute|Harish-Chandra Research Institute (HRI)]], [[Allahabad|Prayagraj]]
*[[National Board for Higher Mathematics]] ([[NBHM]]), [[Mumbai]]
*[[Atomic Energy Education Society]] ([[AEES]]), [[Mumbai]]
*[[Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai|Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IMSc)]], [[Chennai]]

==See also==
*[[Atomic Energy Commission of India]]
*[[Atomic Energy Regulatory Board]]
*[[Nuclear power in India]]
*[[India and weapons of mass destruction]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Energy Ministries and Departments of India}}
{{Nuclear power in India}}
{{Union ministries of India}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Department Of Atomic Energy (India)}}
[[Category:Ministry of Science and Technology (India)]]
[[Category:Nuclear power in India]]
[[Category:Government agencies for energy (India)]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Mumbai]]
[[Category:1954 establishments in Bombay State]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1954]]

Om Shanti Om

2026-03-15T22:47:51Z

Maleeha: Enhanced article with new information

{{short description|2007 film directed by Farah Khan}}
{{otheruses}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Om Shanti Om
| image = Om Shanti Om.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Farah Khan]]
| producer = [[Gauri Khan]]
| screenplay = Farah Khan [[Mushtaq Shiekh]] {{infobox | decat = yes | child = yes
| label1= Dialogues by | data1= [[Mayur Puri]]
}}
| story = Farah Khan
| starring = [[Shah Rukh Khan]] [[Deepika Padukone]] [[Shreyas Talpade]] [[Kirron Kher]] [[Arjun Rampal]]
| music = '''Songs:''' [[Vishal–Shekhar]] '''Score:''' [[Sandeep Chowta]]
| cinematography = [[V. Manikandan]]
| editing = [[Shirish Kunder]]
| studio = [[Red Chillies Entertainment]]
| distributor = [[Eros International]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2007|11|9|India|2007|12|2|France|2008|01|15|United Kingdom}}
| runtime = 171 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget = {{INR|40 crore}}<ref name="Box Office Report: Om Shanti Om">{{cite news |url=http://m.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/saawariya-om-shanti-om-set-to-create-history/article1-248009.aspx |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150301123126/http://m.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/saawariya-om-shanti-om-set-to-create-history/article1-248009.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 March 2015 |title=Saawariya and Om Shanti Om to create history |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=25 December 2010}}</ref><ref name="BOI">{{cite web |url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=266 |title=Om Shanti Om – Movie – Box Office India |website=boxofficeindia.com |access-date=28 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002134747/http://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=266 |archive-date=2 October 2017}}</ref>
| gross = {{INR|152 crore}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/arounddetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=4409&nCat= |title=Top All Time Worldwide Grossers Updated 11/5/2012 |publisher=Boxofficeindia.com |date=5 November 2011|access-date=5 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121227115516/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/arounddetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=4409&nCat= |archive-date=27 December 2012}}</ref><ref name="USDollargross">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=348&catName=TGlmZXRpbWUgV29ybGR3aWRlIEluIFVTICQ= |title=Top Lifetime Grossers Worldwide (US $) |publisher=[[Box Office India]]|access-date=11 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020075613/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=348&catName=TGlmZXRpbWUgV29ybGR3aWRlIEluIFVTICQ= |archive-date=20 October 2013}}</ref><ref name="Boxofficeindia.com">{{cite web |url=http://boxofficeindia.com/arounddetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=3997&nCat== |title=Top Lifetime Grossers Worldwide (IND Rs) |publisher=Boxofficeindia.com |access-date=13 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523013047/http://boxofficeindia.com/arounddetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=3997&nCat== |archive-date=23 May 2013}}</ref>
}}

'''''Om Shanti Om''''' (transl. literally to '''''Peace Be With You'''''{{Efn|The phrase, an Indian greeting meaning "Peace Be With You", also refers to the film's lead characters.}}) is a 2007 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[masala film]] written and directed by [[Farah Khan]], co-written by [[Mayur Puri]] and [[Mushtaq Shiekh]], and produced by [[Gauri Khan]] under [[Red Chillies Entertainment]]. The film stars [[Shah Rukh Khan]], [[Deepika Padukone]] (in her [[Hindi]] film debut), [[Shreyas Talpade]], [[Kirron Kher]], and [[Arjun Rampal]]. In the film, Om Prakash Makhija (Khan), an obscure 1970s actor, dies in a suspicious on-set fire and is reincarnated 30 years later, determined to punish the person who ignited the blaze.

Farah Khan began development for the film while directing the musical ''[[Bombay Dreams]]'' (2002), and it began production after its leads were cast. The film's title is borrowed from a song from [[Subhash Ghai]]'s thriller ''[[Karz (film)|Karz]]'' (1980). ''Om Shanti Om''{{'}}s soundtrack was composed by [[Vishal–Shekhar]], with the lyrics written by [[Javed Akhtar]], Vishal Dadlani, and [[Kumaar]]. The background score was composed by [[Sandeep Chowta]]. The film is notable for its cameo appearances from [[Indian film]] celebrities.

Produced on a budget of {{INRConvert|40|c|year=2007|mode=historical|lk=c}}, ''Om Shanti Om'' emerged as the [[List of Hindi films of 2007|highest grossing Hindi film of 2007]] and the then-highest grossing Hindi film of all time. The soundtrack was also critical and commercial success, becoming the highest-selling [[album]] of the year in [[India]]. The film received positive reviews from critics, with praise for its story, direction, cast performances, production design, and soundtrack. ''Om Shanti Om'' received a leading 13 nominations at the [[53rd Filmfare Awards]], winning for [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut|Best Female Debut]] (Padukone) and [[Filmfare Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/cover/Ghosts-who-act/article20843459.ece|title = Ghosts who act| date=4 July 2014 }}</ref>

== Plot ==
In 1977, Om Prakash "Omi" Makhija, a [[junior artist]] in Mumbai, dreams of becoming a renowned actor. He lives with his widowed mother, Bela, and his friend Pappu Master in a small [[chawl]]. Omi adores the glamorous superstar actress Shantipriya, often expressing his feelings in front of her film poster. One night, he and Pappu sneak into the premiere of Shanti's film, ''Dreamy Girl'', in disguise, making a memorable impression on her. Later, Omi, inebriated, gives a heartfelt acceptance speech to Pappu and local children, pretending to have won an award.

Omi and Pappu land minor roles at R.C. Studios, owned by the egotistical producer Mukesh Mehra, who also launched Shanti's career. During a shoot, Shanti gets trapped in a fire but is rescued by Omi. The two become friends, and although Omi initially lies about being a [[Tamil cinema|Tamil film]] star to impress her, he eventually confesses the truth. Shanti grows close to Omi, and with Pappu's help, they share a memorable evening date together at the studio.

Omi overhears a heated argument between Shanti and Mukesh, revealing that they are secretly married. Shanti is furious when she learns that Mukesh plans to marry the daughter of the distributor for his upcoming film, ''Om Shanti Om''. She reveals to Mukesh that she is pregnant with his child, which seems to please him. Heartbroken, Omi avoids Shanti.

One night, Mukesh takes Shanti to the future set of ''Om Shanti Om'', claiming he will cancel the film and have a grand wedding there to make their marriage public. Omi visits Shanti but is devastated to see her with Mukesh; he leaves without either noticing. However, once Omi leaves, Mukesh reveals his true colours to Shanti, confessing that his actual plan is to kill her and their unborn child to avoid any impedance in his career as a producer. He lights up the set on fire and locks Shanti inside. Despite his attempts to rescue her after Mukesh leaves, Omi gets beaten by Mukesh's guards and is thrown out by an explosion by the time he can get to Shanti. The set burns down with Shanti inside. Omi is later struck by the car of actor Rajesh Kapoor, whose wife Lovely is in labor. Rajesh brings Omi to the hospital, but he dies from his injuries, while Rajesh and Lovely welcome a baby boy named Om Kapoor.

30 years later, Om Kapoor aka O. K., now a successful yet arrogant actor, suffers from [[pyrophobia]] and frequently encounters Bela, who believes him to be her son. He dismisses her as delusional, and Pappu, now old, tries to explain the truth, but Bela remains unconvinced.

While shooting at the abandoned R.C. Studios, O.K. experiences vivid flashbacks of Omi trying to rescue Shanti and later unwittingly delivers Omi's old drunken speech at a [[Filmfare Awards]] event. Pappu watches him on TV and realizes that Omi has reincarnated as Om Kapoor. At a party celebrating his victory, O.K. meets Mukesh, now known as Mike, who proposes a film collaboration; an introduction to him causes O.K. to fully remember his previous life. Om finally reunites with Bela and Pappu at the old chawl, and together with Om's assistant Anwar, they plan to expose Mukesh's crimes.

O.K. resumes filming ''Om Shanti Om'' at the old studio after convincing Mukesh to revive the project, and after many failed auditions of other actresses, hires Sandhya "Sandy" Bansal, an aspiring actress who is an exact doppelgänger of Shanti and a huge fangirl of Om. Pappu and Bela start training her to behave exactly like Shanti. Om initially hides his plan but later reveals the truth to Sandy, who promises to help him. At the film's inauguration, Bela, disguised as a witch, and Sandy, disguised as Shanti's ghost, try to scare Mukesh into confessing. Despite a fake inauguration plan gone wrong, a photograph of Shanti inexplicably catches fire, unsettling Mukesh and confusing Om and Pappu.

During a masquerade ball for the film's music launch, Om indirectly hints at Mukesh's guilt through Shanti's story. However, Sandy accidentally reveals her ruse by injuring herself, proving she is not a ghost. Mukesh, suspicious of the film reels, chases Sandy but is knocked out by a chandelier. When he regains consciousness, O.K. confronts him in the empty venue about Shanti's murder. Mukesh mocks O.K., claiming there is no proof and revealing he knows Sandy is not Shanti. Sandy then appears, disclosing that Mukesh had buried Shanti alive under the chandelier after discovering she had survived the initial fire. She even foretells that Shanti's body will be found, which will be proof of murder for the court. Both Om and Mukesh are perturbed at how deeply she knows Shanti's tragic story; in the confrontation that follows, Om finally overcomes his pyrophobia and defeats Mukesh, who is crushed to death by the falling chandelier.

Pappu and Anwar arrive with the real Sandy. Om then realizes that the woman with him is actually Shanti's ghost, who was also responsible for the unexplained aids in his plan. With her death now avenged, Om and Shanti bid each other a tearful goodbye, and he reunites with Sandy while Shanti runs up the stairs and disappears, having attained peace.

== Cast ==
*[[Shahrukh Khan]] as Om Kapoor / Om Prakash Makhija a.k.a. Omi (dual role)
*[[Deepika Padukone]] as Shanti Priya / Sandhya "Sandy" Bansal (dual role)
*[[Arjun Rampal]] as Mukesh "Mike" Mehra, Shanti's husband.
*[[Shreyas Talpade]] as Pappu Master, Omi's best friend.
*[[Kirron Kher]] as Bela Makhija, Omi's mother.
*[[Jawed Sheikh|Javed Sheikh]] as Rajesh Kapoor, O.K.'s father.
*[[Asawari Joshi|Asavari Joshi]] as Lovely Kapoor, O.K.'s mother.
*[[Yuvika Chaudhary]] as Dolly Arora, O.K.'s heroine in the film-within-a-film ''Om Shanti Om''
*[[Bindu (actress)|Bindu Desai]] as Kamini Arora, Dolly's mother.
*[[Nitesh Pandey]] as Anwar Sheikh, O.K.'s assistant.
*[[Vishal Dadlani]] as the Director of ''Mohabbat Man''
*Haresh Hingorani as Faizan ‘F’ Khan, director of ''Om Shanti Om''
*[[Naseer Abdullah]] as Naseer, Rajesh's secretary.
*[[Suresh Chatwal]] as Suresh, Omi's friend.
*[[Lin Laishram]] as OK's friend
*[[V. Manikandan]] as the Director of ''Mind It''
*[[Mayur Puri]] as the Director of ''Apahij Pyar''
*Sanjiv Chawla as the Producer of ''Apahij Pyar''
*Priya Patil as Natasha, O.K.'s heroine in ''Apahij Pyar''
===Cameo appearances ===
*[[Farah Khan]] as the woman who makes fun of Omi; also appears in the end credits.
*[[Abhishek Bachchan]] as himself
*[[Bappi Lahiri]] as himself
*[[Chunky Pandey]] as himself
*[[Koena Mitra]] as herself
*[[Feroz Khan (actor)|Feroz Khan]] as himself
*[[Karan Johar]] as himself
*[[Rakesh Roshan]] as himself
*[[Hrithik Roshan]] as himself
*[[Bipasha Basu]] as herself
*[[Sanjay Kapoor]] as himself
*[[Yash Chopra]] as himself
*[[Amitabh Bachchan]] as himself
*[[Ameesha Patel]] as OK's heroine at Filmfare Awards
*[[Dia Mirza]] as OK's heroine at Filmfare Awards
*[[Akshay Kumar]] as himself
*[[Rishi Kapoor]] as himself
*[[Subhash Ghai]] as himself
*[[Satish Shah]] as film director Partho Roy

=== Special appearances in ''Deewangi Deewangi'' song ===
*[[Rani Mukerji]]
*[[Zayed Khan]]
*[[Vidya Balan]]
*[[Jeetendra]]
*[[Tusshar Kapoor]]
*[[Priyanka Chopra]]
*[[Shilpa Shetty]]
*[[Dharmendra]]
*[[Shabana Azmi]]
*[[Urmila Matondkar]]
*[[Karishma Kapoor]]
*[[Arbaaz Khan]]
*[[Malaika Arora]]
*[[Dino Morea]]
*[[Amrita Arora]]
*[[Juhi Chawla]]
*[[Aftab Shivdasani]]
*[[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]]
*[[Govinda (actor)|Govinda]]
*[[Mithun Chakraborty]]
*[[Kajol]]
*[[Bobby Deol]]
*[[Preity Zinta]]
*[[Rekha]]
*[[Riteish Deshmukh]]
*[[Salman Khan]]
*[[Saif Ali Khan]]
*[[Sanjay Dutt]]
*[[Lara Dutta]]
*[[Suniel Shetty]]

==Production==
===Development===
In 2002, [[Farah Khan]] worked as a choreographer for the musical ''[[Bombay Dreams]]'' in London, which she felt presented a "clichéd and outdated version" of the Indian film industry.<ref name=hate/> She thought that the musical would not be successful if released in India.<ref name=hate/> She instead thought of a new story, writing her initial thoughts about the subject on [[Andrew Lloyd Webber]]'s letterhead while staying in his house.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/trivia/12950/index.html |title=Om Shanti Om : Trivia |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=16 February 2011 |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216065616/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/trivia/12950/index.html |archive-date=16 February 2011}}</ref> Later in 2006, Farah began to work on her next project, which was tentatively titled ''Happy New Year''. Amid speculations that [[Shah Rukh Khan]] would star in ''Happy New Year'', the actor rejected the first draft of the film, upon which Farah's husband and editor [[Shirish Kunder]] reminded her of the story she had conceived while in London.<ref name=i/> ''Happy New Year'', which was to mark [[Deepika Padukone]]'s Hindi debut, was put on hiatus and revived more than 8 years later under the [[Happy New Year (2014 film)|same title]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiafm.com/news/2006/07/21/7484/index.html |title=Shahrukh plays a junior artist of the late 70s in Farah Khan's Om Shanti Om |date=28 January 2007 |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070128173819/http://www.indiafm.com/news/2006/07/21/7484/index.html |archive-date=28 January 2007}}</ref>

Farah completed writing the first script of ''Om Shanti Om'' within two weeks.<ref name=i>{{cite web |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/interviews/10-years-of-om-shanti-om-farah-khan-interview-with-anupama-chopra |title=10 Years of Om Shanti Om – Farah Khan Interview with Anupama Chopra |last=Film Companion |date=8 November 2017 |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120212159/https://www.filmcompanion.in/interviews/10-years-of-om-shanti-om-farah-khan-interview-with-anupama-chopra |archive-date=20 January 2023}}</ref>{{efn|This fact in itself, appears to strongly corroborate Monga's allegation of plagiarism, which later was found to be correct by the Film Writers' association}} She set the first half in the 1970s as she felt the [[Hindi cinema|Hindi films]] made during that period were much more influential than those made in other periods, particularly the 1980s, which she felt was a period when "the worst movies were made". She also included many references to the 1970s, which were also prevalent in films of that time. She said, "Everything in the first half is about the 70s{{mdash}}such as the mother who overacts, mouthing clichéd dialogues. Then there are cabarets, badminton and other stuff popular during that era."<ref name=hate>{{cite web |url=http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/09slid3.htm |title=rediff.com: 'I hate writing movies' |website=specials.rediff.com |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917083016/http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/09slid3.htm |archive-date=17 September 2008}}</ref> Shah Rukh's costumes were designed by [[Karan Johar]], while [[Manish Malhotra]] designed Padukone's costumes. The rest of the cast had their costumes designed by Sanjeev Mulchandani.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/09slide1.htm |title=rediff.com: Of bell bottoms and chappals |website=specials.rediff.com |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917025339/http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/09slide1.htm |archive-date=17 September 2008}}</ref>

In addition to directing the film, Farah co-wrote the story with [[Mayur Puri]] and [[Mushtaq Shiekh]]. She was also the film's choreographer. Puri wrote the screenplay and dialogues.<ref name="BH Cast"/> He completed the writing process in two months and rewrote the film's second half.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pandolin.com/film-writing-craft-art-mayur-puri-2/ |title=Film writing is more of a craft than art - Mayur Puri &#124; Pandolin |access-date=1 April 2018 |archive-date=2 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402101211/https://pandolin.com/film-writing-craft-art-mayur-puri-2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Puri created the screenplay by writing his natural reaction to the characters as scenarios. He knew that despite being part of a crowd, junior artists do not want to be recognised as such, ruins their chances of landing a leading role in future. This was used in a sequence involving Shah Rukh and Talpade, who play junior artists. Puri blended different genres together in ''Om Shanti Om'', which he felt was challenging. He used his personal memories from childhood for creating the 1970s.<ref name="comic">{{Cite web |url=https://bollyspice.com/comic-dramas-like-oso-also-come-naturally-to-me-mayur-puri/ |title="Comic dramas like OSO also come naturally to me"- Mayur Puri |last=Yount |first=Stacey |date=8 December 2008 |website=BollySpice.com – The latest movies, interviews in Bollywood |language=en-US|access-date=20 May 2019}}</ref> Shirish Kunder was the editor, while V. Manikandan was the cinematographer.<ref name="BH Cast">{{cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/om-shanti-om/cast/ |title=Om Shanti Om Cast List – Om Shanti Om Movie Star Cast – Bollywood Hungama |first=Bollywood |last=Hungama |website=Bollywood Hungama |date=9 November 2007 |access-date=26 March 2018}}</ref>

[[Sabu Cyril]] was the film's [[production designer]]. Sabu was first offered the [[Mani Ratnam]]-directed ''[[Guru (2007 film)|Guru]]'' (2007) at a time when ''Om Shanti Om'' was being planned, but ultimately chosen the latter due to his earlier commitment to Farah for her future project.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/sabu-cyril-s-too-expensive-for-south-indian-cinema/story-QdaPOvgw8wqARFWGHGmOKJ.html |title=Sabu Cyril's too expensive for South Indian cinema |date=24 April 2007 |website=Hindustantimes |language=en|access-date=20 May 2019}}</ref> Farah used two particular dialogues in the film: "When you want something badly, the whole universe conspires to give to you" and "In the end everything will be ok and if its not ok its not the end". These were used as Khan felt that it reflected her philosophy in her life.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/09slid5.htm |title=rediff.com: 'I hate writing movies' |website=specials.rediff.com |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917083026/http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/09slid5.htm |archive-date=17 September 2008}}</ref> Farah stated that the film's opening scene was her most favourite in it.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/2007/dec/10fchat.htm |title='I was pulling SRK's hair out!' |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326203539/https://m.rediff.com/movies/2007/dec/10fchat.htm |archive-date=26 March 2018}}</ref> In 2008, Puri felt his most favourite dialogue from the ones he wrote would be the Filmfare Awards speech.<ref name="comic"/> The film's title derives from the eponymous song from the film ''[[Karz (film)|Karz]]'' (1980).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://indiafm.com/news/2007/02/23/8970/index.html |title=Subhash Ghai and Rishi Kapoor in Om Shanti Om |date=6 July 2008 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706172829/http://indiafm.com/news/2007/02/23/8970/index.html |archive-date=6 July 2008}}</ref> [[Om]] is a Hindu mantra; ''Om Shanti Om'' roughly translates to "Peace Be With You".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/om-shanti-om-125874 |title=Om Shanti Om |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=3 January 2008 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912190536/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/om-shanti-om-125874 |archive-date=12 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/om-shanti-om-125874 |title=Om Shanti Om |last=Bhaskaran |first=Gautaman |date=3 January 2008 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en|access-date=20 May 2019}}</ref>

The film opens with the grandeur shot of the most famous songs of ''Karz'' that is ''Om Shanti Om'' featuring [[Rishi Kapoor]] and [[SRK]] as a junior film artist standing in the crowd.<ref>{{Cite news |title=13 years of 'Om Shanti Om': 13 ways the film paid tribute to the 'golden era of cinema' - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/13-years-of-om-shanti-om-13-ways-the-film-paid-tribute-to-the-golden-era-of-cinema/articleshow/79119691.cms |access-date=2022-04-30 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
[[File:Deepika Padukone promoting RACE 2 on NACH BALIYE 5.jpg |alt=|left|thumb|[[Deepika Padukone]] plays the love interest of Shah Rukh Khan's character in her Hindi film debut.]]
Shah Rukh was cast as the lead; he worked hard on his physique for a song sequence.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/how-shah-rukh-khan-got-his-six-pack-abs-true-story-615059 |title=How Shah Rukh Khan got his six-pack abs. True story – NDTV Movies |date=10 December 2013 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623103106/http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/how-shah-rukh-khan-got-his-six-pack-abs-true-story-615059 |archive-date=23 June 2017}}</ref> He felt ''Om Shanti Om'' was a "happy film".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/05sl4.htm |title=rediff.com: 'I am India's worst habit' |website=specials.rediff.com |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080327095055/http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/05sl4.htm |archive-date=27 March 2008}}</ref>

Farah was advised by [[Malaika Arora]] to cast Padukone as the female lead, who was suggested by [[Wendell Rodricks]], under whom Padukone was working.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://m.filmfare.com/news/heres-how-deepika-padukone-got-her-first-film-om-shanti-om-23593.html |title=Here's how Deepika Padukone got her first film: Om Shanti Om |website=filmfare.com |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116081224/https://m.filmfare.com/news/heres-how-deepika-padukone-got-her-first-film-om-shanti-om-23593.html |archive-date=16 January 2018}}</ref> She was cast without a screen test.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/090617/guess-what-deepika-never-gave-a-screen-test-for-her-debut-film-om-shanti-om.html |title=Guess what? Deepika never gave a screen test for her debut film Om Shanti Om! |date=9 June 2017 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117013747/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/090617/guess-what-deepika-never-gave-a-screen-test-for-her-debut-film-om-shanti-om.html |archive-date=17 January 2018}}</ref> Khan felt that she was "a beautiful, classic Indian beauty" who fit the role of an actor of the 1970s.<ref name="hate" /> She was excited at the prospect of working with Shah Rukh and said, "I've grown up watching [Shah Rukh] and always admired him so much. To get to work with him&nbsp;... is quite wonderful. It was also fantastic that Farah showed faith in my talent and cast me opposite him."<ref>{{cite news |last=Ray |first=Sarit |title=I'm a shy person: Deepika |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Im-a-shy-person-Deepika/articleshow/2509541.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928194317/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-11-02/news-interviews/27986233_1_dream-debut-modelling-deepika-padukone |url-status=live |archive-date=28 September 2013 |access-date=3 August 2013 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=2 November 2007}}</ref>

In preparation for her role, Padukone watched several films of actresses [[Helen (actress)|Helen]] and [[Hema Malini]] to study their body language.<ref>{{cite news |last=Thakur |first=Shweta |title=I saw Hema Malini films for '70s look: Deepika |date=17 November 2007 |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/i-saw-hema-malini-films-for-70s-look-deepika/story-mGPqGR1oyShb3ElcJ7qpDO.html |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=10 August 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130102931/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/i-saw-hema-malini-films-for-70s-look-deepika/story-mGPqGR1oyShb3ElcJ7qpDO.html |archive-date=30 January 2016}}</ref> Her character was modelled after Malini and nicknamed Dreamy Girl after her the latter's nickname as Dream Girl.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/bollywood/hema-malinis-biography-launched-by-deepika-padukone-when-the-dream-girl-met-the-dreamy-girl-4151717.html |title=Hema Malini's biography launched by Deepika Padukone: When the Dream Girl met the Dreamy Girl |website=firstpost.com |date=17 October 2017 |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116004522/http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/bollywood/hema-malinis-biography-launched-by-deepika-padukone-when-the-dream-girl-met-the-dreamy-girl-4151717.html |archive-date=16 January 2018}}</ref> Rampal was approached by both Khan and Shah Rukh at the latter's New Year's Eve party. Rampal was initially reluctant to do the role as he felt it was "too evil" for someone like him. With persuasion from Shah Rukh, he agreed. Rampal wore a mustache in the film which was suggested by Shah Rukh.<ref name="i"/> Shreyas Talpade played a supporting role as the best friend of Khan's character. After the release of ''Iqbal'' (2005) and completing the filming of ''Dor'', Talpade, who attended the same gym as Khan, was called for a narration of what would be ''Om Shanti Om''. He agreed to do the role.<ref name=late/>

[[Kirron Kher]], [[Bindu (actress)|Bindu]] and [[Javed Sheikh]] also appear in the film.<ref name="BOI OSO Cast">{{cite web |url=https://boxofficeindia.com/cast_crew.php?movieid=266 |title=Om Shanti Om Cast |publisher=Box Office India |access-date=15 January 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115001749/https://boxofficeindia.com/cast_crew.php?movieid=266 |archive-date=15 January 2018}}</ref> A further red carpet scene featuring a number of actors making guest appearances, including [[R. Madhavan]] and [[Farhan Akhtar]] as well as [[Prem Chopra]], [[Shakti Kapoor]] and [[Vidhu Vinod Chopra]] was deleted from the film.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mensxp.com/entertainment/bollywood/139970-r-madhavan-in-shah-rukh-khan-om-shanti-om-cameo.html | title=#Throwback: Did You Know R. Madhavan Was a Part of Shah Rukh Khan's Om Shanti Om? | date=25 July 2023 }}</ref>

===Principal photography===
''Om Shanti Om'' was made on a budget of ₹40&nbsp;crore.<ref name="BOI"/> The first scene to be filmed was one where Talpade's character tells Shah Rukh's character that he will be a hero; Shah Rukh was an hour late for filming.<ref name=late>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/10-years-of-om-shanti-om-what-happened-when-shah-rukh-khan-got-late-on-the-first-day-of-shoot/story-s1JQu5wWma21EUpnSuZUrK.html |title=10 years of Om Shanti Om: What happened when Shah Rukh Khan got late on the first day of shoot |date=9 November 2017 |website=hindustantimes.com |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208003930/http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/10-years-of-om-shanti-om-what-happened-when-shah-rukh-khan-got-late-on-the-first-day-of-shoot/story-s1JQu5wWma21EUpnSuZUrK.html |archive-date=8 December 2017}}</ref> Farah was pregnant with triplets while filming and experienced difficulties while shooting, she would constantly vomit while directing the film.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/101117/every-time-shah-rukh-removed-his-shirt-for-dard-e-disco-i-would-throw-up-farah.html |title=Every time Shah Rukh removed his shirt for Dard-E-Disco, I would throw up: Farah |date=10 November 2017 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324191307/https://deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/101117/every-time-shah-rukh-removed-his-shirt-for-dard-e-disco-i-would-throw-up-farah.html |archive-date=24 March 2018}}</ref> The film was shot entirely in sync sound; Farah dismissed rumours of Padukone's voice being dubbed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/delayed/ |title=Delayed? – Bollywood Hungama |first=Bollywood |last=Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=14 March 2007 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326203539/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/delayed/ |archive-date=26 March 2018}}</ref> In 2015, however, [[Mona Ghosh Shetty]] admitted to have dubbed for Padukone in the film.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/report/rani-hates-her-dubbed-voice-in-ghulam/20150330.htm |title='Rani hates her dubbed voice in Ghulam' |access-date=28 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180328112046/https://m.rediff.com/movies/report/rani-hates-her-dubbed-voice-in-ghulam/20150330.htm |archive-date=28 March 2018}}</ref> The fake fight scene involving a stuffed tiger was inspired by a similar scene in the film ''Tarzan 303''.<ref name=i/> Old cars owned by actors [[Rajesh Khanna]] and [[Hema Malini]] were used for filming for authenticity.<ref name=mtv>{{cite web |url=http://www.mtvindia.com/blogs/music/indies/7-facts-we-bet-you-didnt-know-about-om-shanti-om-52193298.html |title=7 Facts We Bet You Didn't Know About Om Shanti Om |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901030014/http://www.mtvindia.com/blogs/music/indies/7-facts-we-bet-you-didnt-know-about-om-shanti-om-52193298.html |archive-date=1 September 2017}}</ref>

A number of references to real life was also filmed, including a scene in which Om rescues Shanti from a fire, which was a spoof of [[Sunil Dutt]] rescuing [[Nargis]] from a fire on the sets of ''[[Mother India]]'' (1957). For a shot involving a Filmfare Awards ceremony, Khan stood on the red carpet of an actual Filmfare Award ceremony and requested actors to dictate dialogues as she stated. The song "Deewangi Deewangi" was shot over a period of six days.<ref name=i/> The song "Dhoom Taana" has digitally altered guest appearances, which included [[Sunil Dutt]] from ''[[Amrapali (film)|Amrapali]]'' (1966), [[Rajesh Khanna]] from ''[[Sachaa Jhutha]]'' (1970) and [[Jeetendra]] from ''[[Jay Vejay]]'' (1977).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/10-years-om-shanti-om-film-shah-rukh-khan-deepika-padukone-farah-khan-4929252/ |title=10 years of Om Shanti Om: 10 ways the film paid homage to the glorious yesteryears of Hindi cinema |date=9 November 2017 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201034734/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/10-years-om-shanti-om-film-shah-rukh-khan-deepika-padukone-farah-khan-4929252/ |archive-date=1 December 2017}}</ref> Farah wanted to film [[Shakira]] for filming a special appearance had made her commit a few days for the role. Due to the uncertainty of her dates, the idea was scrapped.<ref name=mtv/>

In February 2007, a filming schedule was completed in Film City. It was then reported that filming would move outdoors after Shah Rukh completed filming for ''[[Kaun Banega Crorepati]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/2007-30-screens-in-u-k/ |title=Shah Rukh Khan fought a tiger! |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=16 August 2011 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816172603/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/2007/03/15/9107/index.html |archive-date=16 August 2011}}</ref> In October 2007, [[Abhishek Bachchan]] finished filming for his cameo appearance; he shot between 10 and 2 in the night for his screen time of about one and a half minutes.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/2007-30-screens-in-u-k/ |title=Abhishek Bachchan acts funny in Om Shanti Om |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=20 October 2011 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020183640/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/2007/10/05/10204/index.html |archive-date=20 October 2011}}</ref> Filming of the last sequence and the end-credit song was done in [[Film City, Mumbai|Film City]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/2007-30-screens-in-u-k/ |title=Gauri Khan steps into acting shoes |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=21 September 2010 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100921033710/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/2007/08/08/9881/index.html |archive-date=21 September 2010}}</ref> Farah continued the tradition of featuring an end-credits song beginning with ''[[Main Hoon Na]]'' (2004).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/report/11-things-you-didnt-know-about-happy-new-year/20141029.htm |title=11 Things You DIDN'T Know About Happy New Year |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326203539/https://m.rediff.com/movies/report/11-things-you-didnt-know-about-happy-new-year/20141029.htm |archive-date=26 March 2018}}</ref>

''Om Shanti Om'' was produced by Shah Rukh's wife [[Gauri Khan]] under their [[Red Chillies Entertainment]] banner. While Marching Ants handled the publicity design, Gauri was the presenter. Shyam Kaushal, Amar Shetty and Shah Rukh were the action directors.<ref name="BH Cast"/> The film's final reel length was 4013.94&nbsp;ft (1223.45 m).<ref name="BH Cast"/>

==Music==
{{Main|Om Shanti Om (soundtrack)}}

The [[film score]] was composed by [[Sandeep Chowta]] while the original songs featured in ''Om Shanti Om'' were composed by the duo [[Vishal–Shekhar]] with lyrics by [[Javed Akhtar]], [[Kumaar]] and Vishal Dadlani. One song was composed by Pyarelal of the [[Laxmikant-Pyarelal]] duo.<ref name="pyare">{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/music/i-may-soon-resume-composing-music-pyarelal/story-6ueWUPyMIoXMY2mpRzGWPL.html |title=I may soon resume composing music: Pyarelal |date=14 November 2007 |access-date=3 July 2020 |author=Ritujaay Ghosh |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref> The vocals are provided by [[KK (singer)|KK]], [[Sukhwinder Singh]], Marianne, Nisha, [[Caralisa Monteiro]], [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Udit Narayan]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], Rahul Saxena, [[Sonu Nigam]], [[Rahat Fateh Ali Khan]], [[Richa Sharma (singer)|Richa Sharma]], [[Abhijeet Bhattacharya]], [[DJ Aqeel]], DJ G, Kiran Karnath, Jackie V, [[Nikhil Chinapa]], DJ Nawed and Zoheb.<ref name="itunes">{{cite web |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/om-shanti-om-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1071079468 |title=Om Shanti Om (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by Vishal-Shekhar on Apple Music |website=[[iTunes]] |date=18 September 2007 |access-date=28 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180328112046/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/om-shanti-om-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1071079468 |archive-date=28 March 2018}}</ref> Trade reports predicted the album to be commercially successful even before its release.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/2007/oct/05oso.htm |title='Om Shanti Om's music will be a hit' |access-date=28 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180328112046/https://m.rediff.com/movies/2007/oct/05oso.htm |archive-date=28 March 2018}}</ref> The soundtrack album of ''Om Shanti Om'' was released on 18 September 2007 on CD,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.discogs.com/Vishal-Shekhar-Javed-Akhtar-Om-Shanti-Om/release/2194035 |title=Vishal & Shekhar, Javed Akhtar – Om Shanti Om |website=Discogs |date=October 2009 |access-date=28 March 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180328112046/https://www.discogs.com/Vishal-Shekhar-Javed-Akhtar-Om-Shanti-Om/release/2194035 |archive-date=28 March 2018}}</ref> and was the highest-selling music album of the year in India, with sales of around 2 million units.<ref name="itunes2">{{cite web |date=9 September 2007 |title=Om Shanti Om (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by Vishal-Shekhar on Apple Music |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/om-shanti-om-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1071079468 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180328112046/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/om-shanti-om-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1071079468 |archive-date=28 March 2018 |access-date=28 March 2018 |website=[[iTunes]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Music Hits 2000–2009 (Figures in Units) |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=286&catName=MjAwMC0yMDA5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100624132928/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=286&catName=MjAwMC0yMDA5 |archive-date=24 June 2010 |publisher=[[Box Office India]]}}</ref>

==Release==
===Theatrical===
====Screening and statics====
''Om Shanti Om'' created a record of sorts by going in for an unheard of 2000 prints (worldwide) release. This was the highest number of prints (including digital) for any Indian movie at the time of its release.<ref name="AGNIBAAN">{{cite news |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/SRK_to_release_2K_prints_of_Om_Shanti_Om/articleshow/2348881.cms |title=SRK to release 2K prints of Om Shanti Om |access-date=8 September 2007 |publisher=TNN |date=8 September 2007|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012194459/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/SRK_to_release_2K_prints_of_Om_Shanti_Om/articleshow/2348881.cms |archive-date=12 October 2007}}</ref>

====Pre-sale records====
''Om Shanti Om'' set another record for registered pre-advance booking of 18,000 tickets in a chain of theatres in [[Delhi]] a few days before the advance booking was to start.<ref name="Record Pre Advance Booking">{{cite web |url=http://www.indiafm.com/news/2007/11/04/10375/index.html |title=Record Pre Advance Opening |access-date=4 November 2007 |publisher=Indiafm.com|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071104090646/http://www.indiafm.com/news/2007/11/04/10375/index.html |archive-date=4 November 2007}}</ref> A special screening was conducted for Bollywood actors.<ref name="sify.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/star-studded-screening-of-om-shanti-om-held-news-bollywood-kkfuw3hbgjdsi.html |title=Star-studded screening of Om Shanti Om held |website=[[Sify]] |access-date=28 January 2018|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115185630/http://www.sify.com/movies/star-studded-screening-of-om-shanti-om-held-news-bollywood-kkfuw3hbgjdsi.html |archive-date=15 January 2018}}</ref> [[Red Chillies Entertainment]] had reportedly sold the world rights for the film to [[Eros Labs|Eros International]] for an amount between Rs. 720–750&nbsp;million. Baba Films, a production and distribution company, had offered a record Rs. 110 million for the rights to the Mumbai Circuit, surpassing the highest amount ever paid for the territory. As a marketing strategy, Amul advertised Shah Rukh.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/features/2007/09/15/3039/index.html |title=King Khan's six pack offer |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=2 December 2009 |access-date=26 March 2018|url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091202121056/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/features/2007/09/15/3039/index.html |archive-date=2 December 2009}}</ref>

=== Home media ===
In the United Kingdom, the film was watched by 750,000 viewers on [[Channel 4]] in 2010. This made it the year's most-watched foreign-language film on UK television, above the Japanese animated film ''[[Spirited Away]]'' and German animated film ''[[The Little Polar Bear]]''.<ref name=":22">{{Cite news |date=2011 |title=Statistical Yearbook 11 |pages=109 |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] (BFI) |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-statistical-yearbook-2011.pdf |access-date=21 April 2022 |archive-date=16 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516061604/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-statistical-yearbook-2011.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Controversies==
===Spoof on Manoj Kumar===
[[Manoj Kumar]] planned to sue the makers of ''Om Shanti Om'' for showing his [[body double]] in [[Taste (sociology)#Bad taste|bad taste]].<ref name=cnnmanoj>{{cite news |title=Shahrukh Khan apologises to Manoj Kumar |publisher=CNN-IBN |date=16 November 2007 |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/shah-rukh-khan-apologises-to-manoj-kumar/52439-8.html |access-date=25 November 2007|url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118124742/http://www.ibnlive.com/news/shah-rukh-khan-apologises-to-manoj-kumar/52439-8.html |archive-date=18 November 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Kumar added, "Are the Mumbai police so stupid that they can't recognise Manoj Kumar and lathicharge him in the '70s when he was a star?".<ref name=toimanoj>{{cite news |last=Deshpande |first=Swati |title=Hurt Manoj Kumar wants to sue SRK |newspaper=The Times of India |date=16 November 2007 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Om_Shanti_Om_Vs_Saawariya/Hurt_Manoj_Kumar_wants_to_sue_SRK/articleshow/2544784.cms |access-date=25 November 2007|url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217213347/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Om_Shanti_Om_Vs_Saawariya/Hurt_Manoj_Kumar_wants_to_sue_SRK/articleshow/2544784.cms |archive-date=17 December 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Later, in a press conference, Shahrukh Khan and director Farah Khan accepted their mistake and apologised for the matter.<ref name=toiapologise>{{cite news |title=SRK apologises to Manoj Kumar |newspaper=The Times of India |date=17 November 2007 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2547468.cms |access-date=25 November 2007|url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223005625/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2547468.cms |archive-date=23 December 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Farah Khan even offered to cut the scene which Manoj Kumar felt was hurtful, but Kumar refused on grounds that, as Farah had stated, "I [Farah Khan] am like his daughter. He said, 'Betiyaan maafi nahi maangti' (Daughters don't ask for forgiveness). I told him that he could've called me and scolded me."<ref name=toiapologise/> Later, Kumar said that though this incident was hurtful to him, he wishes to forgive, ignore, and move on, saying that he prefers to "see [[Rama|Ram]] in everyone and ignore the [[Ravana]]."<ref>{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Purnima |title=Some shanti for Manoj |date=23 November 2007 |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-11-23/news-interviews/27957668_1_manoj-kumar-farah-khan-shah-rukh-khan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022074533/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-11-23/news-interviews/27957668_1_manoj-kumar-farah-khan-shah-rukh-khan |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 October 2012 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=25 November 2007}}</ref>

Before the film's television premiere on Sony TV, Manoj Kumar filed for a stay on the television release, at civil court in [[Mumbai]]. On 8 August 2008, he won permanent injunction on the scenes in ''Om Shanti Om'' that lampooned him. The court ordered the producers and [[Sony Entertainment Television (India)|Sony Entertainment Television]], to edit the Manoj Kumar look-alike scenes before showing the film on the channel on 10 August 2008. It also ordered that the film could not be shown in any media—TV, DVD or Internet—without the scene being deleted.<ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/storypage/storypage.aspx?id=59fc05c9-f664-475d-b75a-6c0f171c8df6&ParentID=794b675b-764b-4224-acbf-e292f984ff0c&&Headline=Manoj+Kumar+plea+stays+OSO+telecast Manoj Kumar plea stays OSO telecast] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208202557/http://www.hindustantimes.com/storypage/storypage.aspx?id=59fc05c9-f664-475d-b75a-6c0f171c8df6&ParentID=794b675b-764b-4224-acbf-e292f984ff0c&&Headline=Manoj%20Kumar%20plea%20stays%20OSO%20telecast |date=8 December 2008 }} [[Hindustan Times]], 9 August 2008.</ref><ref>[http://in.reuters.com/article/bollywoodNews/idINIndia-34904520080808 Delete Manoj Kumar look alike scene in "Om Shanti Om": court] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208204723/http://in.reuters.com/article/bollywoodNews/idINIndia-34904520080808 |date=8 December 2008 }} [[Reuters]], 8 August 2008.</ref>

===Plagiarism allegations===
On 7 August 2008, before its television release, scriptwriter [[Ajay Monga]] moved the Bombay High Court alleging that the basic storyline of the film was lifted from a film script he had emailed to Shah Rukh Khan in 2006. According to the petition, "Monga, along with one more writer [[Hemant Hegde]], had registered the script with the Cine Writers Association (CWA) in September 2005. In January 2008, Cine Writers Association (CWA) rejected Monga's appeal at a special Executive Committee meeting. Thereafter, he approached the court to stay the film's screening on television. Though, on 6 August the court rejected Monga's plea for seeking a stay on the television telecast, it directed all the respondents including [[Shah Rukh Khan|Shahrukh Khan]], [[Farah Khan]], [[Red Chillies Entertainment]], [[Gauri Khan]] (director Red Chillies) and film's co-writer Mushtaq Sheikh, to file their say by the next hearing on 29 September 2008.<ref name=mir>{{cite news |url=http://mumbaimirror.com/index.aspx?Page=article&sectname=Entertainment%20-%20Bollywood&sectid=30&contentid=20080807200808070235582987cdd87f |title=Mumbai Mirror |newspaper=Mumbai Mirror |date=7 August 2008 |access-date=1 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110822182536/http://mumbaimirror.com/index.aspx?Page=article&sectname=Entertainment%20-%20Bollywood&sectid=30&contentid=20080807200808070235582987cdd87f |archive-date=22 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080808/nation.htm#7 |title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India&nbsp;– Nation |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |access-date=1 June 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001152945/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080808/nation.htm#7 |archive-date=1 October 2015}}</ref> In November 2008, the Film Writers' association sent a communication to Red Chillies and Ajay Monga that it had found similarities in ''Om Shanti Om'' and Monga's script. The similarities were more than mere coincidences according to Sooni Taraporewala who chaired a special committee that has investigated the case on behalf of the Film Writers' association.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.punemirror.in/index.aspx?page=article&sectid=19&contentid=200811222008112204184051347fa014d&sectxslt=&pageno=3 |title="Case Study" ''Pune Mirror'' Deshmukh, Ashwini 22 November 2008 |publisher=Punemirror.in |date=22 November 2008 |access-date=1 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718043755/http://www.punemirror.in/index.aspx?page=article&sectid=19&contentid=200811222008112204184051347fa014d&sectxslt=&pageno=3 |archive-date=18 July 2011}}</ref> The suit was dismissed in 2013 due to insufficient evidence.

Another allegation of [[plagiarism]] came from [[Rinki Bhattacharya]], daughter of late [[Bimal Roy]], who directed ''[[Madhumati]]'' (1958). She threatened legal action against Red Chillies Entertainment and the producer-director of ''Om Shanti Om'', as she felt that the film's second half was similar to ''Madhumati'', also a rebirth saga.<ref name=mir/><ref name=hum>{{cite web |author=vidya(70) |url=http://www.humsurfer.com/shah-rukh-farah-sued-writer-claims-srk-stole-his-script-for-om-shanti-om |title=Shah Rukh, Farah Sued: Writer Claims SRK stole his script for Om Shanti Om |publisher=Humsurfer.com |access-date=1 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413205105/http://www.humsurfer.com/shah-rukh-farah-sued-writer-claims-srk-stole-his-script-for-om-shanti-om |archive-date=13 April 2009}}</ref>

It has also been noted that the spoof trailer scene featuring Akshay Kumar is entirely copied from the Swedish film [[Kopps]], directed in 2003 by [[Josef Fares]].<ref>https://www.aftonbladet.se/nojesbladet/film/a/OnkwVk/kopps-skapar-rabalder-i-indien</ref><ref>https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/firing-from-borrowed-cylinders/articleshow/15758707.html</ref>

==Reception==
=== Box office ===
''Om Shanti Om'' opened across 1100 cinemas in 3000 prints worldwide.<ref>[http://www.boxofficeindia.com/chart.htm Box Office Earnings 09/11/07-22/11/07] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121024626/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/chart.htm |date=21 November 2007 }}</ref> The film's net gross (after deducting [[entertainment tax]]) was {{INRConvert|794|m|year=2007|mode=historical}} in India.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=214&catName=MjAwNw== |title=Boxofficeindia.com |publisher=Boxofficeindia.com |access-date=5 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132441/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=214&catName=MjAwNw%3D%3D |archive-date=14 October 2013}}</ref> The film collected $2.62&nbsp;million in the United Kingdom, $3.6&nbsp;million in North America,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Om Shanti Om |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt1024943/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=[[Box Office Mojo]]}}</ref> and $3.93 million collectively from the rest of the world, which resulted in total overseas collections of $10,150,000,<ref name="BOI" /><ref name=":0" /> the fourth largest of all time as of 2010.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=308&catName=TGlmZXRpbWU= |title=Boxofficeindia.com |publisher=Boxofficeindia.com |access-date=5 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006052405/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=308&catName=TGlmZXRpbWU%3D |archive-date=6 October 2013}}</ref> As a result of these collections, a worldwide gross of {{INRConvert|150|c|year=2007|mode=historical}} was accumulated.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=312&catName=TGlmZXRpbWU= |title=Boxofficeindia.com |publisher=Boxofficeindia.com |access-date=5 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021202725/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=312&catName=TGlmZXRpbWU%3D |archive-date=21 October 2013}}</ref>

===Critical response===
{{Rotten Tomatoes prose|score=79|count=19|average=7.21|consensus=|ref=yes |access-date=June 21, 2023}}

====India====
''Om Shanti Om'' was received positively by Indian film critics.<ref>{{Cite news |title=SRK starrer "Om Shanti Om" opens to rave reviews |author=Agencies |work=[[The Economic Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120110001/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/srk-starrer-om-shanti-om-opens-to-rave-reviews/articleshow/2532133.cms |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/srk-starrer-om-shanti-om-opens-to-rave-reviews/articleshow/2532133.cms |date=10 November 2007 |archive-date=20 January 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=20 January 2018}}</ref><ref name="IANS"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-31130920071227 |title=FLASHBACK 2007 – Reincarnation saga of 'Om Shanti Om' |date=27 December 2007 |work=Reuters|access-date=20 May 2019 |language=en}}</ref> [[Taran Adarsh]] of ''[[Bollywood Hungama]]'' gave it four stars out of five and writes, "''Om Shanti Om'' is Bollywood masala in its truest form and also, at its best" but notes, "the second half could've been crisper".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/review/12950/index.html |title=Movie review of Om Shanti Om |access-date=15 August 2011 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |author=Taran Adarsh|url-status =dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110301085342/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/review/12950/index.html |archive-date=1 March 2011 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Khalid Mohamed]] of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' gave the film four stars out of five and appreciated the performances, observing how Rampal is "consistently first-rate as the suave villain" while Padukone is "fantastic, so surprisingly assured that you marvel at her poised debut". He notes that "the enterprise belongs to Shah Rukh Khan, who tackles comedy, high drama and action with his signature style{{mdash}}spontaneous and intuitively intelligent. Six-pack or no-packs, he's the entertainer of the year in this valentine to the movies."<ref>{{cite news |title=Hindustan Times Review |author=Khalid Mehmood |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=4c53bac6-5c3d-4821-baa2-230c15d5569b&&Headline=Review%3a+EMOm+Shanti+Om%2fEM|url-status = dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090102111921/http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=4c53bac6-5c3d-4821-baa2-230c15d5569b&&Headline=Review%3A+EMOm+Shanti+Om%2FEM |archive-date=2 January 2009 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

[[Nikhat Kazmi]] of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave the film three and a half stars out of five and writes, "Farah Khan's re-birth saga literally makes an art of retro and paints the seventies pop culture in [[Andy Warhol]]ish strokes". She called it an "unabashed tribute" to ''Karz''.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Times of India: OSO Review |author=Nikhat Kazmi |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Om-Shanti-Om/movie-review/2530772.cms |work=The Times of India |date=10 November 2007|url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013100005/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Om-Shanti-Om/movie-review/2530772.cms |archive-date=13 October 2013 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Raja Sen]] of ''Rediff.com'' gave it three and a half stars out of five and applauded the performances of Shah Rukh, Padukone and Talpade. He writes, "''Om Shanti Om'' is an exultant, heady, joyous film reveling in Bollywood, and as at most parties where the bubbly flows free, there is much silly giggling and tremendous immaturity." He criticised the dialogues and excessive cameos in the film.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rediff: OSO Review |author=Raja Sen |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/09oso.htm|url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071123211645/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/09oso.htm |archive-date=23 November 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

[[Rajeev Masand]] of ''[[News18]]'' gave the film three stars out of five and writes, "Unpretentious and completely transparent in its intentions, ''Om Shanti Om'' is an entertainer in the true sense of the word, mixing up genre elements like comedy, drama, action and emotion to create a heady broth of [[Manmohan Desai]]-style exaggerated entertainment." He compliments the dialogues "which so cleverly incorporates Bollywood's oldest clichés into these characters' everyday parlance."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/review-om-shanti-om-this-diwalis-big-dhamaka/52034-8.html |title=CNN-IBN: OSO Review |author=Rajeev Masand|url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111095423/http://www.ibnlive.com/news/review-om-shanti-om-this-diwalis-big-dhamaka/52034-8.html |archive-date=11 November 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> A commentator for ''[[Indo-Asian News Service]]'' felt that Shah Rukh's acting was repetitive and writes, "He needs to curtail his unwarranted superstar mannerisms even in a total masala film like ''Om Shanti Om''", while complimenting the performances of Padukone, Rampal and Talpade.<ref name="IANS">{{Cite web |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/despite-srk-deepika-makes-impact-in-om-shanti-om-news-bollywood-kkfuv4ghaihsi.html |title=Despite SRK, Deepika makes impact in Om Shanti Om |website=[[Sify]] |language=en |access-date=20 May 2019 |archive-date=1 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401075212/http://www.sify.com/movies/despite-srk-deepika-makes-impact-in-om-shanti-om-news-bollywood-kkfuv4ghaihsi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Sudish Kamnath of ''[[The Hindu]]'' stated that the film is "an unabashed celebration of willing suspension of disbelief, calling it a "light-hearted tribute to Hindi cinema the way we know it and love it". He praised the performances of Shah Rukh, Padukone and Talpade, while criticising Rampal and Kher. He also praised the various spoofs, especially the ones directed at Manoj Kumar, [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]] and Abhishek Bachchan.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Hindu: OSO Review |author=Sudish Kamnath |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2007/11/16/stories/2007111650920400.htm |location=Chennai, India |date=16 November 2007|url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118110132/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2007/11/16/stories/2007111650920400.htm |archive-date=18 November 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Writing for SantaBanta.com, Subhash K. Jha gave it one star out of five and criticised the spoofs "which keeps swinging from homage to imitation with infuriating artifice", writing, "The mood is one of patronizing and condescension rather than genuine admiration for an era that's gone with the wind".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.santabanta.com/bollywood/17659/om-shanti-om/ |title=Om Shanti Om |website=www.santabanta.com |language=en |access-date=20 May 2019 |archive-date=1 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401075347/http://www.santabanta.com/bollywood/17659/om-shanti-om/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

====International====
Tajpal Rathore of ''[[BBC]]'' gave it 4 out of 5 stars as well and stated, "Both a homage to and parody of Hindi Films, this cinematic feast delivered straight from the heart of the film industry will have you glued to your seats till the end."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/2007/11/05/om_shanti_om_2007_review.shtml |title=BBC: OSO Review |author=Tajpal Rathore|url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226195754/http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/2007/11/05/om_shanti_om_2007_review.shtml |archive-date=26 February 2014 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Mark Medley of ''[[National Post]]'' gave 3 stars and stated, "The film is a mess for all the right reasons; elements of comedy, drama, romance, action and the supernatural are packed in. But really, the plot is just a vehicle to get from one song-and-dance number to the next."<ref>{{cite web |title=National Post: OSO Review |url=http://www.canada.com/nationalpost/news/story.html?id=3038159f-a25d-4154-bd14-87ce8d3c02ce |author=Mark Medley|url-status = dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071119071540/http://www.canada.com/nationalpost/news/story.html?id=3038159f-a25d-4154-bd14-87ce8d3c02ce |archive-date=19 November 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> ''[[AOL]]'' gave the film 3 out of 5 stars stating, "The movie consists of all the elements that are essentially called the 'navratnas' of Indian cinema&nbsp;– from joy to grief to romance to revenge. And she mixes these well to cook up a potboiler, which is sure to be a runaway hit."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aol.in/bollywood/story/2007110908139019000001/index.html |title=Om Shanti Om |last=AOL India Editorial |date=26 May 2011 |publisher=Aol.in |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208142341/http://www.aol.in/bollywood/story/2007110908139019000001/index.html |archive-date=8 December 2008|url-status=dead |access-date=1 June 2011}}</ref>

== Accolades ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
!scope="col"| Award
!scope="col"| Date of ceremony{{efn|Date is linked to the article about the awards held that year, wherever possible.}}
!scope="col"| Category
!scope="col"| Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
!scope="col"| Result
! scope="col" class="unsortable"| {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | [[Asian Film Awards]]
|rowspan="2" | [[2nd Asian Film Awards|17 March 2008]]
| [[Asian Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| {{sort|Padukone|[[Deepika Padukone]]}}
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" |<ref name="Asian Film Awards">{{Cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/deepika-in-race-for-asian-film-awards/story-KWsHdLP8qVjYByijHhwcLN.html |title=Deepika in race for Asian Film Awards |last=[[Press Trust of India]] |date=17 January 2008 |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=19 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120075226/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/deepika-in-race-for-asian-film-awards/story-KWsHdLP8qVjYByijHhwcLN.html |archive-date=20 January 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Asian Film Awards2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/vishal-shekhar-win-the-asian-film-award-for-om-shanti-om/ |title=Vishal-Shekhar win the Asian Film Award for Om Shanti Om |last=Bollywood Hungama |date=19 March 2008 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120075227/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/vishal-shekhar-win-the-asian-film-award-for-om-shanti-om/ |archive-date=20 January 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=19 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
| Best Composer
| {{sort|Vishal–Shekhar}}
| {{won}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Asia Pacific Screen Awards]]
| [[2nd Asia Pacific Screen Awards|11 November 2008]]
| [[Asia Pacific Screen Award for Best Feature Film|Best Feature Film]]
| rowspan="3" | ''Om Shanti Om''
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.asiapacificscreenawards.com/apsa-nominees-winners/2008/best-feature-film/om-shanti-om |title=Om Shanti Om |publisher=[[Asia Pacific Screen Awards]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120075226/https://www.asiapacificscreenawards.com/apsa-nominees-winners/2008/best-feature-film/om-shanti-om |archive-date=20 January 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=19 January 2018}}</ref> <ref name="APSA2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.asiapacificscreenawards.com/news-events/apsa-winners-announced |title=APSA Winners Announced |date=11 November 2008 |publisher=Asia Pacific Screen Awards |access-date=14 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[CAAMFest]]
|13–23 March 2008
| Best Narrative
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://caamedia.org/blog/2008/03/25/om-shanti-om-and-planet-b-boy-win-audience-awards/ |title=Om Shanti Om and Planet B-Boy Win Audience Awards |last=Fong |first=John |newspaper=Caam Home |date=25 March 2008 |publisher=[[CAAMFest]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120075226/http://caamedia.org/blog/2008/03/25/om-shanti-om-and-planet-b-boy-win-audience-awards/ |archive-date=20 January 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=19 January 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sf360.org/?pageid=11034 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926153624/http://www.sf360.org/?pageid=11034 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=26 September 2015 |title=SFIAAFF's winners |last=Gerhard |first=Susan |date=21 March 2008 |publisher=[[San Francisco Film Society]] |access-date=14 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="12" | [[Filmfare Awards]]
| rowspan="12" | [[53rd Filmfare Awards|16 February 2008]]
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Film|Best Film]]
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="12" |<ref name="OSO Awards">{{Cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com:80/movies/awards/12950/index.html |title=Om Shanti Om: Awards and Nominations |date=22 February 2011 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222112817/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/awards/12950/index.html |archive-date=22 February 2011 |url-status=dead |access-date=14 February 2018}}</ref> <ref name="Filmfare winners">{{Cite magazine |date=2018 |title=Filmfare winners |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards/winners |magazine=[[Filmfare]] |access-date=2 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| Farah Khan
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
| Shah Rukh Khan
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| rowspan="2" | Deepika Padukone
| {{nom}}
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut|Best Female Debut]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
| Shreyas Talpade
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director|Best Music Director]]
| Vishal–Shekhar
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyricist]]
| Javed Akhtar for "Main Agar Kahoon"
| {{nom}}
|-
| Vishal Dadlani for "Ajab Si"
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Best Playback Singer]]
| KK for "Ajab Si"
|{{nom}}
|-
| Sonu Nigam for "Main Agar Kahoon"
|{{nom}}
|-
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]]
| Red Chillies VFX
| {{won}}
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="12" | [[International Indian Film Academy Awards]]
| rowspan="12" |[[9th IIFA Awards|6–8 June 2008]]
| [[IIFA Award for Best Film|Best Film]]
| ''Om Shanti Om''
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="12" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Nominations for the IIFA Awards 2008 |date=16 April 2008 |url=http://www.indiafm.com/features/2008/04/16/3780/index.html |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |access-date=8 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725195734/http://www.indiafm.com/features/2008/04/16/3780/index.html |archive-date=25 July 2008}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.iifa.com/iifa-years/iifa-years-2008/ |title=IIFA Through the Years – IIFA 2008: Bangkok, Thailand |publisher=[[International Indian Film Academy Awards]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703140639/http://iifa.com/iifa-years/iifa-years-2008/ |archive-date=3 July 2014 |url-status=dead |access-date=19 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
| [[IIFA Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| [[Farah Khan]]
| {{nom}}
|-
|[[IIFA Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
|[[Shah Rukh Khan]]
| {{nom}}
|-
|[[IIFA Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| rowspan="2" |{{sort|Padukone|[[Deepika Padukone]]}}
| {{nom}}
|-
|[[IIFA Award for Star Debut of the Year - Female|Star Debut of the Year]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
| Shreyas Talpade
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[IIFA Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role|Best Villain]]
| Arjun Rampal
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Lyrics
| Javed Akhtar for "Main Agar Kahoon"
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Art Direction
| Sabu Cyril
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Costume Design
| Team
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Makeup
| Team
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Special Effects
| Team
| {{won}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[National Film Awards]]
| [[55th National Film Awards|21 October 2009]]
| Best Art Direction
| [[Sabu Cyril]]
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2009/sep/r2009090707.pdf |title=55th National Film Awards |publisher=[[National Film Awards]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007125534/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2009/sep/r2009090707.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2009 |url-status=live |access-date=15 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Neuchâtel International Fantastic Film Festival]]
|1 July 2008 – 6 July 2008
| Mad Movies
| ''Om Shanti Om''
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nifff.ch/site/fr/le-festival/archives-2000-2016&year=2008 |title=Neuchâtel International Fantastic Film Festival |publisher=NIFFF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120075226/http://www.nifff.ch/site/fr/le-festival/archives-2000-2016%26year%3D2008 |archive-date=20 January 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=19 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="11" | [[Producers Guild Film Awards]]
| rowspan="11" |30 March 2008
| Best Performance in a Negative Role
| Arjun Rampal
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="11" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/03/14/3674/index.html |title=Nominations for 3rd Apsara Film & Television Producers Guild Awards |last=Bollywood Hungama News Network |date=14 March 2008 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921064836/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/03/14/3674/index.html |archive-date=21 September 2011 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 January 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/04/01/3724/index.html |title=Winners of 3rd Apsara Film & Television Producers Guild Awards |last=Bollywood Hungama News Network |date=1 April 2008 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814215007/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/04/01/3724/index.html |archive-date=14 August 2011 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 January 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://apsaraawards.org/3rd_apsara_awards_nominees.html |title=3rd Apsara Awards – Nominees |publisher=[[Producers Guild Film Awards]] |access-date=14 February 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://apsaraawards.org/3rd_apsara_awards_winners.html |title=3rd Apsara Awards – Winners |publisher=Producers Guild Film Awards |access-date=14 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
| Best Debut (Female)
| Deepika Padukone
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Lyricist
| [[KK (singer)|KK]] for "Ajab Si"
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Music
| Vishal–Shekhar
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Lyrics
| Vishal Dadlani for "Ajab Si"
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Re-Recording
| Kuldeep Sood
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Choreography
| Farah Khan
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Costume Design
| Karan Johar
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Editing
| [[Shirish Kunder]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Art Director
| Sabu Cyril
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Special Effects
| Red Chillies VFX
| {{won}}
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="10" | [[Screen Awards]]
| rowspan="10" |23 January 2008
| Best Film
| ''Om Shanti Om''
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="10"|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/01/02/3422/index.html |title=Nominees for 14th Annual Screen Awards |date=2 January 2008 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429081517/http://bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/01/02/3422/index.html |archive-date=29 April 2009 |url-status=dead |access-date=19 March 2012}}</ref> <ref name="OSO Awards" />
|-
| Best Director
| Farah Khan
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Actor in a Negative Role
| Arjun Rampal
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Male Playback Singer
| KK for "Ajab Si"
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Background Music
| Vishal–Shekhar
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Special Effects
| Red Chillies VFX
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Art Direction
| Sabu Cyril
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Choreography
| Farah Khan
| {{won}}
|-
| Most Promising Newcomer
| Deepika Padukone
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Pair of the Year
| Shah Rukh Khan & Deepika Padukone
| {{won}}
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="6" | [[Stardust Awards]]
| rowspan="6" |26 January 2008
| Superstar of Tomorrow-Female
| Deepika Padukone
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="6" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Nominations for Max Stardust Awards 2008 |date=25 December 2007 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=http://www.indiafm.com/features/2007/12/25/3391/index.html |access-date=31 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523092246/http://www.indiafm.com/features/2007/12/25/3391/index.html |archive-date=23 May 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/01/26/3514/index.html |title=Winners of Max Stardust Awards 2008 |last=Bollywood Hungama News Network |date=26 January 2008 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129133208/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/01/26/3514/index.html |archive-date=29 January 2008 |access-date=16 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| Breakthrough Performance-Male
| Shreyas Talpade
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Actor in a Negative Role
| Arjun Rampal
| {{won}}
|-
| Star of the Year-Male
| Shah Rukh Khan
| {{nom}}
|-
| Dream Director
| Farah Khan
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | Best Film
| rowspan="2" | ''Om Shanti Om''
| {{nom}}
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="15" | [[Zee Cine Awards]]
| rowspan="15" |[[Zee Cine Awards 2008|26 April 2008]]
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="15" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/04/01/3729/index.html |title=Nominations for the Zee Cine Awards 2008 |date=1 April 2008 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323104004/http://bollywoodhungama.com/features/2008/04/01/3729/index.html |archive-date=23 March 2010 |url-status=dead |access-date=19 March 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://zeenews.india.com/home/zee-cine-awards-2008-winners-announced_438321.html |title=Zee Cine Awards 2008 winners announced |date=23 April 2008 |access-date=19 January 2018|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120075226/http://zeenews.india.com/home/zee-cine-awards-2008-winners-announced_438321.html |archive-date=20 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
| Best Actor
| Shah Rukh Khan
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Actress
| Deepika Padukone
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Director
| Farah Khan
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Actor in a Supporting Role
| Shreyas Talpade
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Actor in a Negative Role
| Arjun Rampal
| {{won}}
|-
| Most Popular Track of the Year
| "Dard-e-Disco"
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | Best Male Playback Singer
| KK for "Ajab Si"
| {{nom}}
|-
| Sonu Nigam for "Main Agar Kahoon"
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Lyricist
| Javed Akhtar for "Main Agar Kahoon"
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Music Director
| Vishal–Shekhar
| {{nom}}
|-
| Most Promising Debut
| Deepika Padukone
| {{won}}
|-
| Best Choreography
| Farah Khan
| {{won}}
|-
|Best Costume Design
| Karan Johar
| {{won}}
|-
| Best VFX
| Red Chillies VFX
| {{won}}
|}

== Legacy and Impact ==
[[Nina Davuluri]]'s talent for [[Miss America 2014]] was a Hindi film fusion dance choreographed by [[Nakul Dev Mahajan]] and performed to ''Dhoom Taana''. It was the first time Indian film ever appeared on the [[Miss America]] stage and Davuluri is the first [[Indian American]] to win the competition.<ref name=reut0916>{{cite news |last=Cavaliere |first=Victoria |title=Miss New York is first Indian-American to win Miss America |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/entertainment-us-usa-missamerica-idUSBRE98E0BZ20130916/ |access-date=23 September 2013 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=16 September 2013|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120184409/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/09/16/entertainment-us-usa-missamerica-idUSBRE98E0BZ20130916 |archive-date=20 November 2015}}</ref><ref name=insideedition>{{cite news |title=Miss America Nina Davuluri Celebrates Diversity |author=Megan Alexander |url=http://www.insideedition.com/videos/1773-miss-america-nina-davuluri-celebrates-diversity |newspaper=[[Inside Edition]] |date=17 September 2013 |access-date=27 September 2013|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130924090128/http://www.insideedition.com/videos/1773-miss-america-nina-davuluri-celebrates-diversity |archive-date=24 September 2013}}</ref><ref name=fusion>{{cite news |last=Gandhi |first=Lakshmi |title=Miss America's Choreographer Nakul Dev Mahajan Tells Us How That 'Hindi Film Fusion' Dance Came to Be |url=http://theaerogram.com/choreographer-nakul-dev-mahajan-tells-us-how-miss-americas-bollywood-fusion-dance-came-to-be/ |access-date=23 September 2013 |agency=The Aerogram |date=20 September 2013|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925225534/http://theaerogram.com/choreographer-nakul-dev-mahajan-tells-us-how-miss-americas-bollywood-fusion-dance-came-to-be/ |archive-date=25 September 2013}}</ref><ref name=indiawest>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiawest.com/news/13615-mahajan-choreographs-another-winning-performance.html |title=Mahajan Choreographs Another Winning Performance |website=India-West |access-date=16 September 2013 | url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920193310/http://www.indiawest.com/news/13615-mahajan-choreographs-another-winning-performance.html |archive-date=20 September 2013 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="TOA">{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/bengali/news-interviews/Its-time-to-rise-above-colours-Miss-America-2014-Nina-Davuluri/articleshow/22845278.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130924011420/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-21/news-interviews/42272109_1_miss-america-bollywood-movies-racist-remarks |url-status=live |archive-date=24 September 2013 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |title=Its time to rise above colours: Miss America 2014, Nina Davuluri |access-date=25 September 2013}}</ref>

In Japan in 2017, ''Om Shanti Om'' was remade into a musical, performed by the all-female troupe [[Takarazuka Revue]], titled ''Oomu Shanti Oumu''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/farah-khans-om-shanti-om-gets-japanese-stage-version-oomu-shanti-oumu/18443179 |title=Farah Khan s Om Shanti Om gets Japanese stage version Oomu Shanti Oumu |date=22 July 2017|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829033254/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/farah-khans-om-shanti-om-gets-japanese-stage-version-oomu-shanti-oumu/18443179 |archive-date=29 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/shah-rukh-khans-om-shanti-om-being-adapted-into-musical-in-japan-see-poster-4365973/lite/ |title=Shah Rukh Khan's Om Shanti Om being adapted into musical in Japan, see poster |date=9 November 2016|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828231709/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/shah-rukh-khans-om-shanti-om-being-adapted-into-musical-in-japan-see-poster-4365973/lite/ |archive-date=28 August 2017}}</ref>

A book, titled ''The Making of Om Shanti Om'' written by Mushtaq Sheikh, was released after the release of the film. The book gives an insight into the production and happenings behind the camera of the film.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiafm.com/features/2007/11/22/3283/ |title=Writer Mushtaq Sheikh talks about the OSO book |publisher=Indiafm.com |date=22 November 2007 |access-date=1 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080211114102/http://www.indiafm.com/features/2007/11/22/3283/ |archive-date=11 February 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiafm.com/features/2007/11/26/3294/ |title=Book review&nbsp;– The Making of OSO |publisher=Indiafm.com |date=26 November 2007 |access-date=1 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080212041716/http://www.indiafm.com/features/2007/11/26/3294/ |archive-date=12 February 2008}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Reincarnation in popular culture]]

== Further reading ==
* {{Cite book|last=Shiekh|first=Mushtaq|title=The Making Of Om Shanti Om|publisher=Om Books International|year=2008|isbn=978-8187108368|author-link=Mushtaq Shiekh}}

==Footnotes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Bollywood|India|Film}}
* {{Official website|http://omshantiom.erosentertainment.com/|Om Shanti Om}}
* {{IMDb title|1024943|Om Shanti Om}}
* {{rotten-tomatoes|om_shanti_om}}
* {{mojo title|id=omshantiom|title=Om Shanti Om}}

{{Red Chillies Entertainment}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Red Chillies Entertainment films]]
[[Category:2007 films]]
[[Category:2007 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Films about reincarnation]]
[[Category:Indian ghost films]]
[[Category:Paranormal films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Farah Khan]]
[[Category:Films involved in plagiarism controversies]]
[[Category:Films about actors]]
[[Category:Films scored by Vishal–Shekhar]]
[[Category:Films whose production designer won the Best Production Design National Film Award]]
[[Category:Films about Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of actors]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Rajesh Khanna]]
[[Category:Films subject to a lawsuit]]
[[Category:Indian intellectual property law]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Salman Khan]]
[[Category:2007 controversies]]
[[Category:2007 fantasy films]]
[[Category:Films about arson]]
[[Category:Films about murder]]
[[Category:Films set in 1977]]
[[Category:Films set in 2007]]
[[Category:Masala films]]
[[Category:Films about extras (acting)]]
[[Category:2000s masala films]]

Gurugram Public School

2026-03-12T07:56:51Z

Maleeha: enhance content per standard format and added references

{{cleanup reorganise|date=October 2013}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox school
|name = Gurugram Public School
|image = Ggps_logo.jpg
|image_size = 150px
|motto = ''सह: नौ यश: ''
|type = Private
|affiliation = [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]]
|established = {{start date|2001}}
|director =
|principal = Dr. Vibha Madan
|age_range = 2+ and above
|language = English
|grades = Pre-Nursery to 12th
|location = 1. Plot No. 5,Sushant Lok II, Sector-55, Gurgaon (Haryana) 2. Sector 62, Gurgaon
| coordinates = {{coord|28.4120867|N|77.0854733|E|region:LK_type:edu|display=inline}}
|website = http://www.gurugrampublicschool.in
}}
'''Gurugram Public School''' (known as GPS) is a K-12 school located in Sector 55<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.articlesalley.com/article.detail.php/264604/1/Sales/Business/1/Gurugram_Public_School_Sector_55,_Gurgaon|title=Gurugram Public School provides students with high quality of academic education. The school has a balanced set of values in both bilingual and cultural environment. |publisher=ArticlesAlley.com}}</ref> and Sector 62 [[Gurgaon]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://goarticles.com/article/Gurugram-Public-School-Sector-55-Gurgaon/4303418/|title=Gurugram Public School Sector 55, Gurgaon by Anitarana|publisher=GoArticles.com|date=20 March 2011}}</ref>

==History==
The school was started in the year 2001 at Sector 55 [[Gurgaon]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mycity4kids.com/Delhi-NCR/Schools/Gurugram-Public-School_Sushant-Lok-II/1209_bd|title=Gurugram Public School|publisher=mycity4kids.com}}</ref> and further expended into another school in sector 62.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://cbse.gov.in/cenbosec/jan-mar-2010/Cenbosec%201-50.pdf|title=Gurugram Public School, comment on new Chairman of Advisory Committee in CBSE|publisher=CBSE portal|journal=Quarterly Bulletin of the Central Board of Secondary Education |volume=49 |issue=1 |date=January–March 2010}}</ref> School is affiliated to [[Central Board of Secondary Education]], New Delhi.

==Facilities==
The school provides the following facilities :
* Library
* Equipped laboratories
* Language lab
* CCTV Cameras in class Rooms
* Sports complex
* Transport facilities

School has [[CCTV]] monitoring and Smart Boards in Class Rooms. School also offer Day boarding facilities for the students.

==Activities==
The school organises many activities for their students e.g. sports sessions, awareness programs etc. In this sequence, a [[Disaster Management]] Workshop was organised at School by the Green Locus (an organisation that provides unique Himalayan experiences) where the theme was ‘Responsible living by learning from the wisdom of nature and the Himalayas’. The Workshop was conducted by trainers from Adventure Guide Welfare Society (AGWS), Nainital.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fridaygurgaon.com/news/3824-kids-corner_Aug-30-Sept-5--2013.html|title=Helping Avert Disasters @ GPS|publisher=Friday Gurgaon portal|date=30 August 2013}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Education in India]]
*[[Literacy in India]]
*Amity International School, Gurgaon
*[[List of institutions of higher education in Haryana]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://www.gurugrampublicschool.in/ Gurugram Public School – Official Website]
* [http://www.cbse.nic.in CBSE Website]

{{Portal bar|India|School|Education}}

[[Category:Private schools in Haryana]]
[[Category:Primary schools in India]]
[[Category:High schools and secondary schools in Haryana]]
[[Category:Schools in Gurgaon]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 2001]]
[[Category:2001 establishments in Haryana]]

{{Haryana-school-stub}}

Mirzapur (soundtrack)

2026-03-11T00:11:31Z

Maleeha: adding the article nd citations.

{{short description|2021 soundtrack album by John Stewart Edduri and Anand Bhaskar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}

{{Infobox album
| name = Mirzapur (Amazon Original Series Soundtrack)
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = Anand Bhaskar and John Stewart Eduri
| cover = Mirzapur soundtrack.jpg
| released = 21 October 2020
| recorded = 2019–2020
| genre = [[Amazon Prime Video|Amazon Original Series]] [[Soundtrack]]
| length = {{Duration|m=42|s=35}}
| language = Hindi
| label = [[Zee Music Company]]
| producer = {{hlist|Parth Parekh|Anand Bhaskar|Ajay Jayanthi}}
}}

'''''Mirzapur''''' is the [[soundtrack]] for the [[Amazon Prime|Amazon Prime Original]] [[web television series]] [[Mirzapur (TV series)|of the same name]], created by [[Karan Anshuman]]. The series directed by Anshuman, Gurmmeet Singh and Mihir Desai features [[Pankaj Tripathi]], [[Shweta Tripathi]], [[Divyendu Sharma]], [[Ali Fazal]], [[Vikrant Massey]], [[Shriya Pilgaonkar]], [[Rasika Dugal]], [[Harshita Gaur]] and [[Kulbhushan Kharbanda]] in the first season, whereas the second season has [[Vijay Varma]], [[Isha Talwar]], [[Lilliput (actor)|Lilliput]], Anjum Sharma, [[Priyanshu Painyuli]], [[Anangsha Biswas]] and [[Neha Sargam]] in prominent roles.

The series features 12 songs composed by Anand Bhaskar and John Stewart Eduri, who also composed the background score. It features few songs from the first and second season respectively. It was released on 21 October 2020 by [[Zee Music Company]] label.<ref>{{Citation|title=Mirzapur by Anand Bhaskar & John Stewart Eduri|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/mirzapur/1536728883|language=en-gb|access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref>

== Development ==
Before composing for ''Mirzapur'', Bhasker worked in an advertising agency, who later quit his job to pursue his career as a full-time musician.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Majumdar|first=Meghna|date=2020-11-03|title=Online listening rooms are the new hub of Indian indie music|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/online-listening-rooms-are-the-new-hub-of-indian-indie-music/article33013043.ece|access-date=2021-03-19|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-05|title=Mirzapur 2 composer Anand Bhaskar: Quitting my corporate job to create music was the best decision of my life [Exclusive]|url=https://www.bollywoodlife.com/interviews/mirzapur-2-composer-anand-bhaskar-quitting-my-corporate-job-to-create-music-was-the-best-decision-of-my-life-exclusive-1715807/|access-date=2021-05-01|website=Bollywood Life|language=en}}</ref> On bagging the project, he stated in an online news portal that he got a random call from Abbas Khan, the show's head producer, who informed him to the music producer Ankur Tewari. The creative team wanted Bhaskar to pen few songs so that Ankur want to work on the soundtrack.<ref>{{Cite web|title='My experience with working on the series has been nothing but wonderful', says Anand Bhaskar|url=http://www.radioandmusic.com/entertainment/editorial/news/201104-my-experience-working-on-the-series-has-been|access-date=2021-05-01|website=radioandmusic.com|language=en}}</ref>

The album had twelve songs compiled for both season one and two.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}} It took him about a year to create all the songs in ''Mirzapur'', however the time for the composition of the songs individually took a few months. He initially planned to release all the songs in March 2020, but due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic lockdown]], it took him more time for composition.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sinha|first=Kumar Raviraj|date=2020-11-02|title='Mirzapur' music composer Anand Bhaskar: Audience has stopped expecting more from us|url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/entertainment/mirzapur-music-composer-anand-bhaskar-audience-has-stopped-expecting-more-from-us|access-date=2021-03-19|website=National Herald|language=en}}</ref>

== Composition ==
For the songs "Tittar Bittar", Bhaskar roped in his entire band Anand Bhaskar Collective, along with indie musician Isheeta Chakravarty to render vocals for this number. Ginny Diwan, the lyricist of this song penned the lyrics within an hour. Anand stated that "It’s an ‘item song’ from a woman's point of view while a fight is on. I'm grateful the directors supported our wacky ideas".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-13|title=In the name of love...|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/brunch/in-the-name-of-love-101613227960840.html|access-date=2021-03-19|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> Later he also roped in Shipla Surroch and Keka Ghoshal, who were also independent singers to record the album.<ref name=":0" /> Anand Bhaskar planned to compose a wedding song for Guddu ([[Ali Fazal]]) and Sweety ([[Shriya Pilgaonkar|Shriya Pilagonkar]]) which is touted to be a [[Sufism|Sufi]] number. An original song titled "Varoon" was created for the same.<ref>{{Cite magazine|author=Divyanshi Sharma |date=February 4, 2021 |title=Guddu and Sweety's wedding song in Mirzapur was a special composition. Details here|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/guddu-and-sweety-s-wedding-song-in-mirzapur-was-a-special-composition-details-here-1765988-2021-02-04|access-date=2021-03-19|magazine=India Today|language=en}}</ref>

Bhasker stated that "Munna Rap" was not initially planned to happen in 2015. He opined that the makers of ''Mirzapur'' (Mihir Desai and Gurmmeet Singh) were focusing more on situational songs. He also had a [[Sufism|Sufi]] song ("Varoon"), a [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] song ("Sajanwa Ki Gunwa") and a [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] wedding song ("Saure Chali Ve"). "Munna Rap" was difficult to compose, according to Bhaskar, since he had to mix influences from [[Uttar Pradesh]] [[Folk music|folk]] as the modern [[Hip hop music|hip-hop]] to achieve the right sound.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Counting The Success Of Mirzapur 2 With Its Music Cast|url=https://filmcompanion.in/counting-the-success-of-mirzapur-2-with-its-music-cast/|website=[[Film Companion]]|language=en-US}}</ref> With "Munna Rap" became an exceptional hit upon release Bhaskar stated that the song managed to give a chance to compose in genres that were out of his comfort zone.<ref>{{Cite web|title='Mirzapur 2' song 'Munna rap' was almost cancelled|url=http://www.radioandmusic.com/entertainment/editorial/news/201103-mirzapur-2-song-munna-rap-was-almost|access-date=2021-03-19|website=radioandmusic.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ruchita|date=2020-11-15|title=Mirzapur 2: 'It was challenging, had given up hope', says Composer Anand Bhaskar on Munna Rap {{!}} Exclusive|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/mirzapur-2-it-was-challenging-had-given-hope-says-composer-anand-bhaskar-munna-rap-830321|access-date=2021-05-01|website=www.ibtimes.co.in|language=en}}</ref> Being the last song that Bhaskar had composed for the series, the song also had a female version performed by Shilpa Surroch.<ref name="radioandmusic.com">{{Cite web|title=Shilpa Surroch drop an earthy vibe track 'Munna Rap' for Amazon original crime thriller 'Mirzapur season 2'|url=http://www.radioandmusic.com/entertainment/editorial/interviews/201022-shilpa-surroch-drop-earthy-vibe-track|access-date=2021-03-19|website=radioandmusic.com|language=en}}</ref>
{{Blockquote|text=Once I got on board, the makers had come up with lyrics and I wanted to compose a song using them, but I could not. Then one day, I was exploring some tunes on sarangi on my laptop and managed to come up with a sounding hook for the song. I added some lines to the composition and sent it to Mihir. He loved it instantly and said it totally goes with the vibe of Munna Bhaiya. That’s how the song came into being. While the demo lyrics didn't work, Ginny Diwan (lyricist) was brought on board for it.|source=Anand Bhaskar about the creation of "Munna Rap"<ref name="radioandmusic.com">{{Cite web|title=Shilpa Surroch drop an earthy vibe track 'Munna Rap' for Amazon original crime thriller 'Mirzapur season 2'|url=http://www.radioandmusic.com/entertainment/editorial/interviews/201022-shilpa-surroch-drop-earthy-vibe-track|access-date=2021-03-19|website=radioandmusic.com|language=en}}</ref>}}

== Track listing ==
The songs are composed by Anand Bhaskar while the background score is composed by John Stewart Eduri. Lyrics are written by Ginny Diwan.

{{Track listing
| headline = Mirzapur (Original Series Soundtrack)
| length6 = 3:19
| title8 = Raakh
| extra8 = Anand Bhaskar
| length8 = 5:51
| title9 = Munna Rap (Female Version)
| extra9 = Shilpa Surroch
| length9 = 3:18
| title7 = Ding Dong
| length10 = 2:08
| extra10 = Veena Parasher
| title11 = Saure Chali Ve
| extra11 = Rashmeet Kaur
| length11 = 2:03
| title12 = Mirzapur Bhaukal Mix
| extra12 = John Stewart Eduri
| length12 = 2:41
| extra7 = Keka Ghoshal, Suraj Paraswani (Dialogue)
| length7 = 3:04
| title10 = Sajanwa Ki Gunwa
| extra6 = Anand Bhaskar
| length3 = 4:10
| title1 = Mirzapur Theme Song
| extra1 = John Stewart Eduri
| length1 = 1:28
| title2 = Vaaroon
| extra2 = [[Romy]]
| length2 = 5:50
| extra3 = Isheeta Chakrvarty, Anand Bhasker (Backing Vocals)
| title3 = Tittar Bittar
| title4 = Sab Ho Jaane De
| extra4 = Pratichee Mohapatra, Anand Bhasker (Backing Vocals)
| length4 = 4:09
| title5 = Lallanwa
| extra5 = Vijayaa Shanker
| length5 = 4:30
| title6 = Munna Rap
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 42:35
}}

===Season 3===
{{Infobox album
| cover =
| name = Mirzapur 3 (Amazon Original Series Soundtrack)
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = Anand Bhaskar and John Stewart Eduri
| released = 8 July 2024<ref>{{cite web |access-date=8 July 2024 |title=Mirzapur 3 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/2YVu4ffgnCTuBSTUDGZQul?si=Vq4ZWBz1RzmDzzw5rA3MDA |website=Spotify}}</ref>
| recorded = 2023–2024
| genre = [[Prime Video|Amazon Original Series]] [[Soundtrack]]
| language = [[Hindi]]
| length = 39:02
| label = [[Zee Music Company]]
}}

The songs are composed by Anand Bhaskar while the background score is composed by John Stewart Eduri. Lyrics are written by Ginny Diwan.

{{Track listing
| headline = Mirzapur 3 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
| total_length = 39:02
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Duaa
| extra1 = Ghansham Vaswani
| length1 = 4:42
| title2 = Twinkal Twinkal
| extra2 = Vivek Hariharan
| length2 = 1:54
| title3 = Madhuri Anthem
| extra3 = Vidhya Gopal
| length3 = 1:26
| title4 = J 4 Zarina
| extra4 = Keka Ghoshal
| length4 = 1:14
| title5 = Kajri
| extra5 = Vijayaa Shanker
| length5 = 1:20
| title6 = Boys
| note6 = Instrumental
| extra6 = –
| length6 = 1:49
| title7 = Jhandu
| note7 = Instrumental
| extra7 = –
| length7 = 2:06
| title8 = Kaleen Bhaiya
| note8 = Instrumental
| extra8 = –
| length8 = 1:05
| title9 = Parivaar
| note9 = Instrumental
| extra9 = –
| length9 = 1:28
| title10 = Guddu Pandit
| note10 = Instrumental
| extra10 = –
| length10 = 1:35
| title11 = Mirzapur Pe Raaj
| note11 = Instrumental
| extra11 = –
| length11 = 1:41
| title12 = Munna Tripathi
| note12 = Instrumental
| extra12 = –
| length12 = 2:32
| title13 = Sharad Shukla
| note13 = Instrumental
| extra13 = –
| length13 = 0:55
| title14 = Babbar Sher
| note14 = Instrumental
| extra14 = –
| length14 = 4:11
| title15 = Ghayal Sher
| note15 = Instrumental
| extra15 = –
| length15 = 2:30
| title16 = Justice
| note16 = Instrumental
| extra16 = –
| length16 = 2:20
| title17 = Mirzapur Reprise
| note17 = Instrumental
| extra17 = –
| length17 = 1:30
| title18 = Mr. Purvanchal
| note18 = Instrumental
| extra18 = –
| length18 = 3:09
| title19 = The King
| note19 = Instrumental
| extra19 = –
| length19 = 2:04
}}

== Personnel ==
Credits adapted from Zee Music Company<ref>{{Cite AV media|title=MIRZAPUR - Full Album{{!}}Pankaj Tripathi, Ali Fazal, Divyenndu{{!}}Anand Bhaskar{{!}}John Stewart Eduri{{!}}Jukebox|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BsfeWlWgZ_U|language=en|access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref>
{{colbegin}}
* John Stewart Eduri - [[Composer]] (Track 1,12)
* Anand Bhasker - Composer (Tracks 2–11), [[backing vocalist]] (Track 3,4), [[playback singer]] (Track 6,8), [[Music Producer]] (Track 6,8), [[audio mixing]] (Track 6), [[Mastering (audio)|mastering]] (Track 6)
* Ginny Diwan - [[Lyricist]] (Tracks 2–11)
* Romy - Playback singer (Track 2)
* Isheeta Chakravarty - Playback singer (Track 3)
* Pratichee Mohapatra - Playback singer (Track 4)
* Vijayaa Shanker - Playback singer (Track 5)
* Keka Ghoshal - Playback singer (Track 7)
* Shilpa Surroch - Playback singer (Track 9)
* Veena Parasher - Playback singer (Track 10)
* Rashmeet Kaur - Playback singer (Track 11)
* Suraj Paraswani - [[Dialogue]]s (Track 7)
* Nidhi Sethia - Backing vocalist (Track 4)
* Seepi Gupta - Backing vocalist (Track 4)
* Hrishi Giridhar - [[Guitar]] (Track 2,5,8), [[Mandolin]] (Track 2)
* Neelkanth Patel - [[Bass guitar|Bass]] (Track 2,8)
* Omkar Agnihotri - [[Harmonium]] (Track 3,5)
* Kahaan Shah - [[Tabla]] (Track 3), [[Percussion instrument|Percussion]] (Track 3)
* Vinay Sharma - [[Synthesizer|Keys]] (Track 12)
* Ajay Jayanthi - Music producer (Track 4,6,8,9), [[Audio engineer|recording engineer]] (Track 6,8), audio mixing (Track 4,6,8,9), mastering (Track 4,6,8,9), [[String (music)|strings]] (Track 2), [[violin]] (Track 2,8), [[musical arrangement]] (Track 9)
* Parth Parekh - Music producer (Track 2,3,4,5,7,10,11), recording engineer (Track 2,3,5,10,11), audio mixing (Track 3,5,7,10,11), mastering (Track 3,5,7,10,11)
* Nawab Khan - Music producer (Track 12)
* Zoheb Khan - Music producer (Track 12), mixing (Track 12), mastering (Track 12)
* Prathamesh Dudhane - Audio mixing (Track 2), mastering (Track 2)
* Jeremy Fonseca - Recording engineer (Track 4,7)
{{colend}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Hindi film soundtracks]]
[[Category:Action film soundtracks]]

Delhi Conspiracy Commission

2026-03-10T17:04:42Z

Maleeha: expand information as per guidelines

{{Short description|1930 colonial commission in India}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=May 2013}}
{{context|date=July 2020}}
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

The '''Delhi Conspiracy Commission''' was created dated 9 April 1930 by an order of the [[Chief Commissioner of Delhi]], exercising his special powers under section 3(1) of the [[Code of Criminal Procedure]]. The commission was directed that certain persons shall be tried by it for the offence of [[Conspiracy (political)|conspiring]] to wage a war against the British King. The number of accused to be tried by the commission was 24 in all. Out of these 24 persons, 14 were arrested and produced before the commission, while nine were declared absconding and one had died. Though only 24 persons were accused of the offence, during the trial it transpired that there were a large number of persons who had participated in the venture. It was an Indian revolutionary movement directed against the British to win India's freedom by violent revolutionary means.

==Constitution of the Commission==

The three-member commission consisted of L.S.White (president) and members Kanwar Sain and Amir Ali. During the trial of the accused persons, the Crown was represented by [[Muhammad Zafarullah Khan]] and his team. The accused were represented by [[Asaf Ali]] with support from others.

==Accused before the Commission==
On 14 May 1931, nine accused were presented before the commission. These were Nand Kishore Nigam, B.R. Gupta, Rudra Dutt Mishra, Bhagirath Lal, Hardwari Lal Gupta, K. R. Gupta, Harkesh Singh, Gajanand Potdar and Kapur Chand.

On that day, the Crown presented Kailashpati, who had [[turned state's evidence]], as a witness. Asaf Ali, who represented the accused, attempted an objection to the oath being administered to Kailashpati on various legal technicalities. The Commission overruled the objection and directed the administration of oath. The memory of Kailashpati was phenomenal and he gave such a vast volume of detailed information on every minor and major subject, which ran into about 900 pages of deposition, that it became impossible for the prosecution to tie the loose ends of the story to secure conviction for the accused. It was primarily for this reason that at the final stage of the trial, the commission was disbanded by the Government before a verdict could be given by it.

The prosecution also presented other approvers in support of its case. These included Girwar Singh, who was produced on 24 February 1932 by the prosecution, and Dandpani Venkat Tailang, who was examined by the prosecution on 8 March 1932. Other approvers included Ram Lal, Madan Gopal and Bal Kishon (alias Kishen Bal).

== Barhelganj post office robbery ==
The primary goal of the [[Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]] (HSRA) was to gain independence of India from Britain by use of armed revolution. Kailashpati had been introduced to the movement in 1923 and in March 1928 he was asked to assist it by robbing his employer, the post office at [[Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh|Gorakhpur]]. He was transferred to the branch at [[Barhalganj|Barhelganj]] before finding a suitable opportunity to carry out the scheme. On 26 June 1928, he took all the available funds held by the Barhelganj office, being around Rs. 3000 – and travelled with it by train to Cawnpore. He gave some of the money to Haldhar Bajpai and the remainder to Surendranath Pandey, with whom he stopped for two days. He then briefly moved into the room of Sheo Verma at the DAV College Hostel, where he met [[Sukhdev Raj]], who was known as "Villager", [[Chandrashekhar Azad]] and Gaya Prasad. The group then split up, with Kailashpati moving to [[Lahore]].

In needs of funds in late 1929, the group determined to rob the Punjab National Bank in Lahore but the plan was first postponed and then abandoned

== "The Himalayan Toilets" ==
Armed revolution required weapons and at that time the HSRA had only [[small arm]]s such as pistols and revolvers. Aware of the shortage of firepower, the HSRA sought to improve its position. They took to learning about chemical reactions from books in order that they could make bombs, then experimented accordingly. The successes were stockpiled and used in their missions, albeit not with great success. [[Sachchidananda Vatsyayan]] was known within the group as "Scientist" and was involved in the bomb-making activities. Babu Ram Gupta was a revolutionary and he used his shop in Billimaran as a [[facade]] for the purpose of buying bomb-making materials on regular basis.

The intent was to manufacture [[picric acid]], for which [[carbolic acid]] was also necessary. Towards this end, various items were bought through Gupta, including some [[sulphuric acid|sulphuric]] and [[nitric acid]]s that were stored at Kailashpati's house until around the end of July and the beginning of August. At this time they were taken to the bomb factory, which was known as "The Himalayan Toilets" and bore signage accordingly. For these materials, which also included sundries such as rubber gloves and some [[potassium cyanide]], Gupta was paid Rs. 600. Two electric fans were also required and were hired by [[Bimal Prashad Jain]]. The fans were used to expel the fumes from the factory and, since picric acid turns water yellow, any water expelled from the factory was dyed with another colour before being allowed to run outside. Attempts were also made to manufacture soap, oil and cream in order to cover their activities, with attention being paid to the nature of the fat bought for these purposes in order to not contravene religious considerations.

It was soon realised that the acid-making process was slow and various apparatus purchases were made in order to scale-up production. The revolutionaries also obtained ice from a restaurant to assist in the manufacture of [[guncotton]] using nitric and sulphuric acid.

[[Nitroglycerine]] was also produced in the factory, and the group also intended to make [[hydrocyanic acid]] from potassium cyanide, initially purchased in weak form from Gupta and later in a stronger concentration from elsewhere. The revolutionaries knew that hydrocyanic acid produced a very toxic gas and that an antidote would need to be available if those manufacturing it were not to suffer. It was the inability to procure an antidote that caused them to abandon the attempt.

Kailashpati had shown a bombshell to Jain and suggested to him that it would useful to produce something similar. Jain in turn used some engineering contacts in an attempt to produce the item but it came to nothing as the suspicions of his contacts were raised.

At the end of October 1929, [[Bhagwati Charan Vohra]] was introduced to Kailashpati. At that time, Vohra was an absconder in the Lahore Conspiracy Case. He asked to meet Azad in Delhi

== Viceroy's train ==
Soon after, Vohra criticised suggestions of killing relatively minor Raj officials and proposed instead to blow up a train carrying the viceroy, [[Lord Irwin]]. [[Yashpal]] was at that time living in the same Delhi house as Vohra and the two men were experimenting with arrangements of batteries to blow lightbulbs, thinking that such might be used as a primitive method of detonating guncotton.

Early in December 1929, Vohra and Yashpal secured the agreement of Azad regarding blowing up the Viceregal train,{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} the rationale of the HSRA being that it would prevent a meeting between Irwin and Congress.<ref name= "MittalHabib" /> However, on 22 December, Azad said in a meeting that, although he agreed with the plan, since Congress leaders such as [[Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi]] were against it, it ought to be postponed. Vohra, Yashpal and Tiwari thought Azad was wrong but the decision eventually went in his favour.

Explanatory documents had been prepared for circulation after the now-aborted attack, along with two seals – one of them representing a hand grasping a sword and the other the monogram "H.S.R.A". – that were to be used on them. In view of the turn in events, the documents were destroyed but Vohra managed to retain the seals.

The attempt to blow up the train occurred some hours later on 23 December. According to S. K. Mittal and Irfan Habib, this "caused a commotion throughout the British Empire", following soon after the retaliatory murder of a police constable, John Saunders, and the bombing of the [[Central Legislative Assembly]], both of which acts had involved [[Bhagat Singh]].<ref name= "MittalHabib">{{cite journal |title=The Congress and the Revolutionaries in the 1920s |first1=S. K. |last1=Mittal |first2=Irfan |last2=Habib |journal=Social Scientist |volume=10 |issue=6 |date=June 1982 |pages=20–37 |doi=10.2307/3517065 |jstor=3517065}} {{subscription required}}</ref> Police activity in Delhi became intense and the [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] leader, [[Mahatma Gandhi]], who was generally firm in his condemnation of violence, congratulated the viceroy, saying {{blockquote|This Congress deplores the bomb outrage perpetrated on the Viceroy's train and reiterates its conviction that such action is not only contrary to the creed of the Congress but results in harm being done to the national cause. It congratulates the Viceroy and Lady Irwin and their party including the poor servants on their fortunate and narrow escape.<ref name= "MittalHabib" />{{efn|The various condemnations of revolutionary violence that were commonly expressed by Mahatma Gandhi were by no means universally accepted within [[Indian National Congress|Congress]], which contained many prominent supporters who were nonetheless sympathetic to the armed struggle and in some cases actively aided it.<ref name= "MittalHabib" />}}}}

After a few days spent in hiding, Azad, Jain and Kailashpati left on foot for [[Nalgarha]], around {{convert|15|mi|km}} from the city. There they hid on a farm operated by sympathisers. On 1 January 1930, Azad and Kailashpati returned to Delhi. The following day, Yashpal also returned and he faced questions regarding why the train had been blown up in defiance of the decision of the meeting. Yashpal replied that he had yielded to the insistence of his companions, explaining that he and Vohra had gone to the scene on the morning of 23 December and that he had pressed the button that caused the explosion. They had worn military uniform so that no one should suspect them and had escaped by boarding a train headed for [[Ghaziabad district, India|Ghaziabad]]. Azad was not at all satisfied with Yashpal's explanation.

== ''The Philosophy of the Bomb'' leaflets ==

Two days after Yashpal arrived, Vohra returned and then Azad, Yashpal, Vohra and Kailashpati decided that in reply to a Congress resolution in praise of the Viceroy and in support of non-violence, a leaflet should be written by Vohra and distributed throughout India on the evening prior to "Independence Day", that is, 25 January 1930.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} Specifically, they intended to address a pamphlet issued by Gandhi – ''The Cult of the Bomb'' – which had criticised their methods.<ref name= "MittalHabib" />

In the event 500 leaflets were printed, entitled ''The Philosophy of the Bomb''. These were then distributed on the intended day around educational buildings, to Congress workers and to press and news agencies. Other copies were posted to individuals, including [[James Crerar|Sir James Crerar]], Home Member, Assembly, Delhi; Asaf Ali, the barrister; and Kamla Parshad Jain, of Baraut.

== Plan to rescue Bhagat Singh and others ==

Later, there was a meeting in [[Cawnpore]], attended by B. B. Tiwari, Satgur Dayal Awasthi, Vohra, Azad and Kailashpati. They decided to rescue the accused in the [[Bhagat Singh#Hunger strike and Lahore conspiracy case|Lahore Conspiracy]] case by releasing a gas in court that would render everyone present senseless and permit the accused to be rescued. Aside from rescuing [[Kundan Lal]], [[Kanwal Nath Tiwari]], [[Bijay Kumar Sinha]], [[Bhagat Singh]], [[Shivaram Rajguru|Rajguru]], [[Batukeshwar Dutt]], [[Ajay Kumar Gupta]], and [[Sanyal]], it had been decided that [[Mahabir Singh]], Sukhdev Raj and [[Desh Raj]] were to be killed because they had made statements which had been of great assistance to the police. Further, [[Shiv Verma]], [[S. N. Pande]] and three others (including [[Agya Ram]]) were to be given another chance to prove their sincerity, while the case of Gaya Prasad was to be tried by the Revolutionary Tribunal as it was uncertain whether he had made a statement or not.

Yashpal was charged with producing the gas to be used for the rescue attempt but found it impossible to do so. This caused a decision to effect rescue by a desperate attack on the court, for which the various conspirators undertook firearms practice away from Delhi. Funding for the rescue attempt proved to be a problem and a raid on the monthly wage delivery made to the Railway Clearing Accounts Office on the first of each month was considered.

But in the meantime, a sum of Rs. 3000 was given by [[Durgavati Devi|Durga Devi]], the wife of Vohra, for the purpose of carrying out the rescue plan and so, as there was no urgent need for money, the plan of robbing the Railway Clearing Accounts Office was given up. About the beginning of May, some blank forms were brought from Cawnpore, which were to be typed and distributed to the public after the rescue of the prisoners at Lahore.

It was arranged that after the rescue, the freed accused were to be sent to different places for safety. Arrangements for this took some time, during which Kailashpati arranged for Azad to meet [[Madan Gopal]], who agreed to join in the rescue attempt. On 1 June, a group of the conspirators travelled by car to Borstal Jail. They were armed with pistols and also bombs.

The plan was that while Bhagat Singh was to be led by police out of the jail gate towards the stationed police lorry, the captive was to rush towards the rescue-team, and the team, while taking control of the prisoner, was to deal with the emerging situation by killing any or all policemen who might obstruct the captive's escape to freedom or pursue him to capture. Bhagat Singh had been informed in advance of this rescue plan and the rescue team was legitimately under the impression that Bhagat Singh would rush towards them. However, Bhagat Singh showed by his behavior as if he was under the impression that they would rush towards him. In this confusing situation, both remained where they were and Bhagat Singh was taken away by the police in a lorry. Having returned to their accommodation, the conspirators suffered the effects of some of their own bomb-shells exploding of their own accord. The entire team living there dispersed quickly on the following morning.

Kailashpati was told in early June that Vohra had been killed in Lahore on 28 May 1930 through the explosion of a bomb which he was testing. Sukhdev Raj, who was with him, had been badly wounded in the foot and Vaishampayan had been burnt on the shin. Azad returned to Delhi and reported on the confused events of the failed rescue. He said that after his experience in Lahore he would never take any part in any action unless there was sufficient money and material. He also said that in order to raise funds the Railway Clearing Accounts Office should be raided on the first of the following month.

== Attempt by HSRA to kill Yashpal ==
A Central Committee meeting of the party determined that Yashpal, who was not present, had wasted much money in the attempts on the viceregal train and the rescue of Bhagat Singh. Yashpal was also blamed for the death of Vohra in the bomb explosion and was criticised for abducting Vohra's wife, Prakasho, contrary to the party's strict disciplinary rules of keeping one's character clean in the matter of engaging with women. The meeting decided that Yashpal should be killed.

It was also decided in the meeting that a terror campaign against highly placed government officials, approvers and traitors should be vigorously pursued throughout India. This decision was taken to terrify the Government and lower is public image, to win the confidence and sympathy of the general public and to teach a lesson to traitors and deter other weaklings within the party's rank from committing such anti-party and dangerous acts.

The meeting also decided that the party should organize a public demonstration in Punjab to honour Vohra in order to highlight his work and sacrifice and also to motivate and mobilize other young people.

Regarding Yashpal, the meeting decided that Kailaspati should go back to Delhi and send Yashpal to Cawnpore where Azad and Bir Bahadur Tiwari would kill him.
After two or three days, Kailashpati left Cawnpore for Delhi and met Yashpal there. Kailashpati told Yashpal that Yashpal's presence was required by the Central Committee in Cawnpore. Yashpal made a brief visit to Cawnpore but returned to Delhi, much to the surprise of Kailashpati. Soon after, Kailashpati then discovered that Yashpal, Prakasho and Scientist had left the bomb-factory and had taken with them the available supplies of picric acid, guncotton and nitroglycerine, as well as a revolver.

Azad returned to Delhi and was very upset by what had happened but the group were unable to locate Yashpal in Delhi. It was decided to seek him in Lahore and to kill him by any means when he was found. Yashpal had already reached Lahore by that time and had spread the word about the plan of his killing among his friends by taking the position that the decision of the Central Committee of the party had been arrived at in his absence – without hearing his side – which was contrary to justice. Consequently, many members of the party in the Punjab were opposed to the decision of the Central Committee. In these circumstances, the team assigned the task of killing him met Yashpal but did not execute the plan.

== Gadodia Stores robbery ==

After abandoning the Railway Accounts office raid on 1 July, the party was in acute need of funds. It was suggested that a robbery take place at the Gadodia Stores in Delhi. The choice was affected by the fact that Bishamber Dayal was working there, and after a reconnaissance it was determined to act on 6 July. This action was a success, although the robbers were faced with a crowd of people who attempted to stop them as they left, causing them to fire their weapons in order to get away. The raid secured funds to the value of Rs. 13,250.

== Appeal==
On 25 May 1932, Rudra Dutt Misra, Dhanwantri, K B Gupta, B R Gupta, S H Vatsayana, Azad Vidyabhushan, Vaishampayan and Bhagirath Lal Harkesh, individuals who were the accused sent a petition from 'Old Viceregal Lodge, Delhi' to the viceroy in his summer residence in [[Shimla]]. The conspiracy charge was finally dropped in February 1933 as untenable and the fact that there was not enough evidence to take it any further. Four of the accused were let off and the rest were to be tried individually 'for severe overt acts'.

== References ==
'''Notes'''
{{notelist}}
'''Citations'''
{{reflist}}
*{{cite book |title=The Reminiscences of Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan: Interviews conducted by Professors Wayne Wilcox and Aislie T. Embree for Columbia University |url=http://www.alislam.org/library/books/Sir-Zafrulla-Khan-Interviews.pdf |publisher=Oriental Publishers |year=2004 |isbn=9780973332711 |pages=24–30}}
*{{cite book |title=Indian Revolutionaries: A Comprehensive Study, 1757-1961 |volume=3 |first=Śrikrshṇa |last=Sarala|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan |year=1999 |isbn=9788187100188 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_iFS6waXHYIC&pg=PT35}}

== Further reading ==
*{{cite journal |title=Yashpal: Fighter for Freedom -- Writer for Justice |first=Corinne |last=Friend |journal=Journal of South Asian Literature |volume=13 |issue=1 |date=Fall 1977 |pages=65–90 |jstor=40873491}} {{subscription required}}
*{{cite journal |title=Defying Death: Nationalist Revolutionism in India, 1897–1938 |first=Amit Kumar |last=Gupta |journal=Social Scientist |volume=25 |issue=9/10 |date=Sep–Oct 1997 |pages=3–27 |doi=10.2307/3517678 |jstor=3517678}} {{subscription required}}
*{{cite journal |title=British India |first=H. |last=Moncrieff-Smith |journal=Journal of Comparative Legislation and International Law |series=Third |volume=15 |issue=3 |year=1933 |pages=133–141 |jstor=753924}} {{subscription required}}

{{Indian Revolutionary Movement}}

[[Category:1930 in British India]]
[[Category:Political repression in British India]]

Roxy Mathew Koll

2026-03-08T12:35:50Z

Maleeha: starting some post w/ refs - done

{{Short description|Indian climate scientist}}

{{Infobox scientist
| name = Roxy Mathew Koll
| image = Roxy Mathew Koll.jpg
| caption =
| fields = {{ublist | [[Climate Science]] | [[Oceanography]] | [[Atmospheric Science]] }}
| workplaces = {{ublist | [[Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology]] | [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | [[Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change]] | [[Hokkaido University]] | [[National Institute of Oceanography, India]]}}
| alma_mater = {{ublist | [[Hokkaido University]] | [[Cochin University of Science and Technology]] | [[CMS College Kottayam]] }}
| known_for = Studies on [[Indian Ocean]] warming, [[climate change]], and [[monsoon]] dynamics
| awards = {{ublist | 2024 [[Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar]] | 2022 [[American Geophysical Union]] Devendra Lal Medal | 2017 [[Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology]] Silver Jubilee Award | 2016 India Meteorological Society Young Scientist Award }}
| website = https://www.climate.rocksea.org/
}}
'''Roxy Mathew Koll''' is a climate scientist at the [[Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology]] (IITM), [[Pune]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite interview|first=Roxy|last=Koll|interviewer=Kabir Firaque|date=Aug 24, 2024 |title=Vigyan Yuva awardee Roxy Mathew Koll: Mapping climate change |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/vigyan-yuva-awardee-roxy-mathew-koll-mapping-climate-change-101724496609244.html |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite interview|last=Koll|first=Roxy|interviewer=Soumya Pillai|date=2024-08-29 |title=Damage from Wayanad-like disasters can be minimised if agencies coordinate—Vigyan Yuva awardee Roxy Koll |url=https://theprint.in/environment/damage-from-wayanad-like-disasters-can-be-minimised-if-agencies-coordinate-vigyan-yuva-awardee-roxy-koll/2244145/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> His research focuses on [[climate change]] and extreme weather events in the [[Indo-Pacific]] region, with significant contributions to understanding of [[Indian Ocean]] warming, [[Monsoon of South Asia|monsoon]] dynamics, heatwaves, [[tropical cyclone]]s and their impacts on public health.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7">{{Cite web|last1=Fountain |first1=Henry |last2=Levitt |first2=Zach |last3=White |first3=Jeremy |date=2022-10-05 |title=The Monsoon Is Becoming More Extreme |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/10/04/climate/south-asia-monsoon-climate-change.html |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=[[The New York Times]] |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=S. Jayaraman |first=K. |date=2015-06-17 |title=Warming Indian Ocean weakens monsoon |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nindia.2015.81 |journal=Nature India |language=en |doi=10.1038/nindia.2015.81|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=October 4, 2022 |title=Pune IITM scientist Roxy Koll receives 2022 Devendra Lal Memorial Medal |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/pune-news/pune-iitm-scientist-roxy-koll-receives-2022-devendra-lal-memorial-medal-101664890511080.html |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> He was involved in writing the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] [[Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate]] and the [[IPCC Sixth Assessment Report|Sixth Assessment Report]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |first=Anjali|last=Marar|date=2017-07-22 |title=Pune scientist on IPCC panel to study oceans |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/pune-scientist-on-ipcc-panel-to-study-oceans-4761801/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite interview|last=Koll |first=Roxy |date=2017-09-01 |title=We need more talents to explore ocean: Dr Roxy Mathew Koll |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/pets-and-environment/010917/we-need-more-talents-to-explore-ocean-dr-roxy-mathew-koll.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite interview|first=Roxy|last=Koll|interviewer=Shobha Warrier|title=India should not wait for the clock to act |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/interview/roxy-mathew-koll-india-should-not-wait-for-the-clock-to-act/20231202.htm |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=[[Rediff.com]]|language=en}}</ref>

== Education ==
Koll completed a B.Sc. in physics from [[CMS College Kottayam]],<ref>{{Cite press release |date=2024-08-08 |title=CMS College Kottayam is proud to announce that Dr. Roxy Mathew Koll (Alumnus 1997-2000 Batch) is selected for the award of "Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar" |url=https://cmscollege.ac.in/rashtriya-vigyan-puraskar-vigyan-yuva-shanti-swarup-bhatnagar-awardee-2024/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=[[CMS College Kottayam]] |language=en-US}}</ref> followed by an M.Sc. in physical oceanography from [[Cochin University of Science and Technology]], India.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Roxy Mathew Koll |url=https://www.tropmet.res.in/85-Roxy%20Mathew%20Koll-scientist_detail |access-date=2024-08-19 |website=[[Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Roxy Mathew Koll, our alumnus, awarded with the prestigious "Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar: Vigyan Yuva-Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar" |url=https://dpo.cusat.ac.in/news-and-events/dr-roxy-mathew-koll-our-alumnus-awarded-with-the-presigious-rashtriya-vigyan-puraskar-vigyan-yuva-shanti-swarup-bhatnagar |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=[[Cochin University of Science and Technology]]}}</ref> He completed his Ph.D. in Ocean and Atmospheric Dynamics from [[Hokkaido University]], Japan, in 2007.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=All about Monsoons |url=https://www.cseindia.org/all-about-monsoons-10895 |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=[[Centre for Science and Environment]] |language=en}}</ref>

== Career ==
Koll worked as a Research Scientist at the [[Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change]] (CMCC) in Bologna, Italy, from 2008 to 2010.<ref name=":0" /> Since 2010, he has worked as a scientist at IITM, Pune, involved in projects related to ocean observations, climate modeling and earth system research. He also holds a concurrent position as a Professor at the [[Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research]] (AcSIR). He was a visiting scientist at the [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] (NOAA), at the [[National Centers for Environmental Prediction]] (NCEP) in Maryland in 2012, and at the [[Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory]] (PMEL) in [[Seattle]] from 2018 to 2019.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indo-Pacific Ocean warming is changing global rainfall patterns |url=https://phys.org/news/2019-11-indo-pacific-ocean-global-rainfall-patterns.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=phys.org |language=en}}</ref>

Koll has made contributions to understanding the rapid warming of the [[Indian Ocean]], and how this warming is driving changes in the [[monsoon]], the marine ecosystem, and increasing the frequency of extreme weather events across the region.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sangomla |first=Akshit |date=2024-04-29 |title=Indian Ocean is heating up much faster than we think, at a rate of 1.7-3.8°C per century |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/climate-change/indian-ocean-is-heating-up-much-faster-than-we-think-at-a-rate-of-1-7-3-8-c-per-century-95871 |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Down To Earth |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-28 |title=Study predicts accelerated warming of Indian ocean |url=https://lifestyle.livemint.com/smart-living/environment/indian-ocean-warming-tropical-climate-change-heatwave-iitm-111714296386183.html |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Mintlounge |language=en}}</ref> He has referred to the Indian Ocean as a "[[canary in a coal mine]]," suggesting that the climate change and extreme weather events occurring there serve as a warning for the future of all oceans, if urgent action is not taken.<ref>{{Cite interview|last=Koll|first=Roxy|interviewer=Julia Lauter |title=Roxy Mathew Koll: "Der Indische Ozean ist der Kanarienvogel der Weltmeere" |url=https://www.freitag.de/autoren/julia-lauter/roxy-matthew-koll-der-indische-ozean-ist-der-kanarienvogel-der-weltmeere |access-date=2024-09-27 |work=Der Freitag |language=de |issn=0945-2095}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Indian Ocean Futures: Prospects for shared regional success |url=https://www.uwa.edu.au/institutes/public-policy/-/media/Public-Policy/Documents/Indian-Ocean-Futures-Report_FINALWEB.pdf |website=UWA Public Policy Institute}}</ref> His work has shown that the expansion of the [[Indo-Pacific Warm Pool]] is altering global rainfall patterns by modulating the [[Madden–Julian oscillation]], which impacts weather systems across the tropics and beyond.<ref>{{Cite press release|last= |first= |title=Indo-Pacific Ocean warming is changing global rainfall patterns |url=https://phys.org/news/2019-11-indo-pacific-ocean-global-rainfall-patterns.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=phys.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release|title=Warming Indo-Pacific Ocean Could Disrupt Global Rainfall Patterns |url=https://thewire.in/environment/warming-indo-pacific-ocean-could-disrupt-global-rainfall-patterns |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=The Wire |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release|date=2020-01-15 |title=Warming of the Indo-Pacific Ocean is changing global rainfall patterns |url=https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/featured-publication/warming-indo-pacific-ocean-changing-global-rainfall-patterns |access-date=2024-09-27 |website=NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) |language=en}}</ref>

Koll has been involved in the [[United Nations]] [[World Climate Research Programme]]'s [[CLIVAR]] Project. He was the co-chair of the CLIVAR Indian Ocean Region Panel during 2018 to 2023 and played a role in redesigning the Indian Ocean Observing System to better understand and forecast the weather and climate for the nations surrounding the Indian Ocean.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Case study: The Indian Ocean Observing System (IndOOS) |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/case-study/case-study-indian-ocean-observing-system-indoos |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Commonwealth |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pardikar |first=Rishika |date=2022-02-02 |title=An Indian Ocean Network to Keep Track of Climate |url=https://eos.org/articles/an-indian-ocean-network-to-keep-track-of-climate |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Eos |language=en-US}}</ref> He played a role in developing India's first [[Earth System Model]] and has been a lead author for the IPCC reports.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

In a study published in [[Scientific Reports]], Koll and his team examined how climatic factors such as temperature, rainfall, and humidity influence [[Dengue fever|dengue]] transmission in Pune, India.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sophia |first1=Yacob |last2=Roxy |first2=Mathew Koll |last3=Murtugudde |first3=Raghu |last4=Karipot |first4=Anand |last5=Sapkota |first5=Amir |last6=Dasgupta |first6=Panini |last7=Baliwant |first7=Kalpana |last8=Saunik |first8=Sujata |last9=Tiwari |first9=Abhiyant |last10=Chattopadhyay |first10=Rajib |last11=Phalkey |first11=Revati K. |date=2025-01-21 |title=Dengue dynamics, predictions, and future increase under changing monsoon climate in India |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=15 |issue=1 |page=1637 |doi=10.1038/s41598-025-85437-w |pmid=39837878 |issn=2045-2322|pmc=11750985 |bibcode=2025NatSR..15.1637S }}</ref> They developed an artificial intelligence-based model capable of predicting dengue outbreaks two months in advance, enabling authorities to implement proactive measures to mitigate the impact.<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=2025-01-22 |title=Understanding climate-dengue links, building an early warning system |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/climate-dengue-links-building-warning-system-9791522/ |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Koll emphasized the importance of health data sharing and collaboration with state health departments to create customized early warning systems for climate-sensitive diseases across different regions.<ref name=":11" />

== Awards ==
Koll received a [[National Academy of Sciences]] (NAS) Kavli Fellowship in 2015. In 2016 his research on the impact of climate change on the monsoon earned him the [[Indian Meteorological Society]]'s Young Scientist Award.<ref name=":3" /> In 2018 he was awarded the National Research Council (NRC) Senior Research Associateship of the US National Academy of Sciences.<ref name=":3" />

In December 2022 the [[American Geophysical Union]] (AGU) awarded him the AGU [[Devendra Lal]] Medal for scientists in developing countries in recognition of his research in Earth sciences and conferred him as an AGU Fellow.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=AGU - American Geophysical Union |url=https://www.agu.org/honors/lal/past-recipients |access-date=2024-08-19 |website=[[American Geophysical Union]]}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=2022 Medalists {{!}} AGU Fall Meeting |url=https://www.agu.org/award-showcase/pages/medalists#koll |access-date=2024-09-28 |website=[[American Geophysical Union]]|language=en|first=Raghu|last=Murtugudde}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr Roxy Mathew Koll and Dr Edem Mahu Receive AGU Honors |url=https://www.clivar.org/news/congratulations-dr-roxy-mathew-koll-and-dr-edem-mahu-receiving-agu-honors |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=[[CLIVAR]]}}</ref>

In August 2024, Koll was one of 18 scientists awarded the [[Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar]], a national science award presented by the [[President of India]], in recognition of his contributions to climate science.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar |url=https://awards.gov.in/Home/Awardpedia|website=awards.gov.in}}</ref>

Koll received the [[Rengaswamy Ramesh|Prof. R. Ramesh]] Endowment Award, instituted by the Ocean Society of India to honor outstanding contributions in climate and ocean sciences. The award was presented by Goa's Chief Minister, [[Pramod Sawant]], at the OSICON 25 conference held at the CSIR National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Goa, on February 5, 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Awardees at OSICON-25 |url=https://www.oceansociety.in/docs/OSICON/2025/List_of_awardees_at_OSICON-25.pdf |website=Ocean Society of India}}</ref>

== Impact and advocacy ==
Koll's research has influenced national climate policies and disaster management strategies, especially in the Indian Ocean region. He actively communicates climate science through various media outlets, aiming to bridge the gap between science and society.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Creative |first=Venn |title=Stitching in detail in India |url=https://climateoutreach.org/case-studies-from-ipcc-authors/india/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Climate Outreach |language=en-GB}}</ref> He has written for major Indian newspapers and magazines including ''[[The Times of India|Times of India]]'', ''[[Hindustan Times]]'', ''[[The Hindu]]'', ''[[Malayala Manorama]]'', and ''[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Koll |first=Roxy |title=Another COP out, so DIY |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/toi-edit-page/another-cop-out-so-diy/ |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Koll |first=Roxy Mathew |date=2022-09-10 |title=Why cloudburst forecast in India still remains elusive |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/why-cloudburst-forecast-in-india-still-remains-elusive/article65872538.ece |access-date=2024-09-17 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=മനം മാറി മഴ; എന്തുകൊണ്ടാണ് മഴയുടെ ഭാവങ്ങൾ മാറിയത്? |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/editorial/2022/09/21/kerala-rains-threatening-changes-in-weather-patterns-call-for-high-vigil.html |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=[[Manorama News]]|language=ml|trans-title=Change your mind and rain; Why did the appearances of rain change?|first=Roxy|last=Koll}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ചൂടേറിയിട്ടും നമ്മുടെ തണുപ്പ് മാറുന്നില്ല |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/editorial/2024/03/01/writeup-about-climate-change-impact.html |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=[[Manorama News]]|language=ml|trans-title=Even if it is hot, our coldness does not change|first=Roxy|last=Koll}}</ref> He has been quoted in and interviewed by international newspapers such as [[The New York Times]], [[The Guardian]], [[Le Monde]], [[Der Freitag]], and [[Reuters]] on climate change, ocean warming, monsoon variability, cyclones, and heatwaves<ref>{{Cite news |last=Fountain |first=Henry |last2=Levitt |first2=Zach |last3=White |first3=Jeremy |date=2022-10-05 |title=The Monsoon Is Becoming More Extreme |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/10/04/climate/south-asia-monsoon-climate-change.html |access-date=2026-03-08 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-12-02 |title=« Au Sri Lanka et en Indonésie, deux cyclones qui n’étaient pas extrêmement violents ont apporté des quantités d’eau extraordinaires » |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2025/12/02/au-sri-lanka-et-en-indonesie-deux-cyclones-qui-n-etaient-pas-extremement-violents-ont-apporte-des-quantites-d-eau-extraordinaires_6655662_3244.html |access-date=2026-03-08 |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Lauter |first=Julia |title=Roxy Mathew Koll: „Der Indische Ozean ist der Kanarienvogel der Weltmeere“ |url=https://www.freitag.de/autoren/julia-lauter/roxy-matthew-koll-der-indische-ozean-ist-der-kanarienvogel-der-weltmeere |access-date=2026-03-08 |work=Der Freitag |language=de |issn=0945-2095}}</ref>. He is a regular guest at TV and radio discussions about [[global warming]] and extreme weather events over [[South Asia]].<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ENP2P_rzUqg&feature=youtu.be |title=Is climate change making monsoons more extreme? {{!}} The Stream |date=2024-10-04 |last=Al Jazeera English |access-date=2024-11-06 |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=In India, Climate Change Has Arrived {{!}} The Brian Lehrer Show |url=https://www.wnyc.org/story/india-climate-change-has-arrived/ |access-date=2024-11-06 |website=WNYC |language=en}}</ref> The Science Journalists' Association of India recognized his contributions to science communication and referred to him as a "rockstar scientist."<ref>{{Cite web |title=SJAI Conference 2024 Report |url=https://www.sjai.in/sjai-conference-2024-report |access-date=2025-08-29 |website=SJAI {{!}} Science Journalists Association Of India |language=en-US}}</ref>

Koll has advocated for the establishment of climate-equipped schools in India, proposing that all schools be outfitted with weather stations to serve as local climate hubs for education and real-time weather monitoring.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Make every school in Kerala a weather station: Award-winning climate scientist |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2024/08/30/manorama-news-conlave-make-all-kerala-schools-weather-station-says-scientist.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Onmanorama}}</ref> This initiative aims to enhance disaster preparedness while fostering climate awareness among students and communities, contributing to local resilience in the face of extreme weather events.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vaidyanathan |first=Gayathri |date=2023-02-08 |title=How India is battling deadly rain storms as climate change bites |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00341-5 |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |language=en |volume=614 |issue=7947 |pages=210–213 |doi=10.1038/d41586-023-00341-5|pmid=36755176 |bibcode=2023Natur.614..210V|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Koll was honored as a "Change Maker" at the Manorama News Conclave 2024, recognizing his impact on climate resilience and community engagement.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Changemakers' tales told, secrets bared, Manorama News Conclave 2024 concludes |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/content/mm/en/kerala/top-news/2024/08/30/manorama-news-conclave-2024-change-makers-rajnath-singh-live.html |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=Onmanorama}}</ref>

== Selected publications ==

* Roxy, M.K., et al. (2024). ''Chapter 20: Future projections for the tropical Indian Ocean''. In Ummenhofer, C.C., & Hood, R.R. (Eds.), ''The Indian Ocean and its role in the global climate system''. Elsevier, pp. 469–482. doi: [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822698-8.00004-4 10.1016/B978-0-12-822698-8.00004-4]
* Beal, L. M., J. Vialard, M. K. Roxy, et al. (2020). ''A roadmap to IndOOS-2: Better observations of the rapidly-warming Indian Ocean''. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 101 (11): E1891–E1913, doi: [https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0209.1 10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0209.1]
* Roxy, M.K., et al. (2019). ''Twofold expansion of the Indo-Pacific warm pool warps the MJO lifecycle''. Nature, 575, 647–651. doi:[https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1764-4 10.1038/s41586-019-1764-4]
* Collins M., M. Sutherland, M. K. Roxy, et al. (2019). ''IPCC Report: Extremes, Abrupt Changes and Managing Risks''. IPCC Special Report on Oceans and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, Cambridge University Press. doi: [https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781009157964.008 10.1017/9781009157964.008]
* Roxy, M.K., et al. (2017). ''A threefold rise in widespread extreme rain events over central India''. Nature Communications, 8, 708. doi:[https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00744-9 10.1038/s41467-017-00744-9]
* Roxy, M.K., et al. (2015). ''Drying of Indian subcontinent by rapid Indian Ocean warming and a weakening land-sea thermal gradient''. Nature Communications, 6, 7423. doi:[https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8423 10.1038/ncomms8423]
* Swapna, P., M. K. Roxy, et al. (2014). ''The IITM Earth System Model: Transformation of a Seasonal Prediction Model to a Long-Term Climate Model''. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96, 1281-1287. doi:[https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00276.1 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00276.1]

== Personal life ==
Roxy Mathew Koll is married to Juby Aleyas Koll, a hand embroidery artist and author.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |date=2021-03-22 |title=Juby Aleyas Koll: Pune embroiderer who is preserving an old craft, one stitch at a time |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/juby-aleyas-koll-pune-embroiderer-who-is-preserving-an-old-craft-one-stitch-at-a-time-7239592/ |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Known professionally as "Sarah," she has authored several books on hand embroidery, including Hand Embroidery Stitches for Everyone, which covers over 300 stitch techniques.<ref name=":10" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-10 |title=The best hand embroidery reference books – TextileArtist |url=https://www.textileartist.org/best-hand-embroidery-books-part-one/ |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=www.textileartist.org |language=en-GB}}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Koll, Roxy}}
[[Category:Fellows of the American Geophysical Union]]
[[Category:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change lead authors]]
[[Category:Indian climatologists]]
[[Category:Indian meteorologists]]
[[Category:Indian oceanographers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian scientists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian earth scientists]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:CMS College Kottayam alumni]]
[[Category:Cochin University of Science and Technology alumni]]
[[Category:Hokkaido University alumni]]

Dilip Mahalanabis

2026-03-04T21:55:42Z

Maleeha: enhance article for accuracy and updated info

{{short description|Indian paediatrician (1934–2022)|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{more citations needed|date=October 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Dilip Mahalanabis
| image = Dilip Mahalanabis.jpg
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1934|11|12}}
| birth_place = [[Kishoreganj]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal Province]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2022|10|16|1934|11|12}}
| death_place = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], India
| education = [[MBBS]], [[Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health|DCH]], [[Membership of the Royal Colleges of Physicians of the United Kingdom|MRCP (Edinburgh)]]
| alma_mater = [[Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata]]
| known_for = Development of [[oral rehydration solution]]
| awards = [[Pollin Prize]] (2002) [[Prince Mahidol Award]] (2006) [[Padma Vibhushan]] (posthumous, 2023)
}}

'''Dilip Mahalanabis''' (12 November 1934 – 16 October 2022)<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Kungl. vetenskapsakademien – Matrikel 1998/1999|journal=Matrikel|year=1998|publisher=Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien|location=Stockholm|language=sv|issn=0302-6558|page=84}}</ref> was an Indian [[Pediatrics|paediatrician]] known for pioneering the use of [[oral rehydration therapy]] to treat [[Diarrhea|diarrhoeal diseases]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Green |first=Andrew |date=2022-11-26 |title=Dilip Mahalanabis |url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(22)02367-4/abstract |journal=The Lancet |language=en |volume=400 |issue=10366 |pages=1842 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02367-4 |s2cid=253854817 |issn=0140-6736|doi-access= |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Mahalanabis had begun researching oral rehydration therapy in 1966 as a research investigator for the [[Johns Hopkins University]] International Center for Medical Research and Training in [[Kolkata|Calcutta]], [[India]]. During the [[Bangladesh Liberation War|Bangladeshi war for independence]], he led the effort by the Johns Hopkins Center that demonstrated the dramatic life-saving effectiveness of oral rehydration therapy when [[cholera]] broke out in 1971 among refugees from East Bengal (now [[Bangladesh]]) who had sought asylum in [[West Bengal]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Yengkhom |first=Sumati |date=17 October 2022 |title=Dilip Mahalanabis, father of ORS, passes away at 88 in Kolkata |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/dilip-mahalanabis-father-of-ors-passes-away-at-88/articleshow/94905240.cms |access-date=19 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Roy |first=Subhajoy |date=17 October 2022 |title=Doctor who gave life-saving solution no more |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/ors-therapy-pioneer-doctor-mahalanabis-passes-away/cid/1892464 |access-date=19 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite news |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anuradha |date=18 October 2022 |title=Dr Dilip Mahalanabis passes away: How he came up with ORS, which revolutionised diarrhoea treatment |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-health/dr-dilip-mahalanabis-passes-away-ors-8214064/ |access-date=19 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |date=17 October 2022 |title=প্রয়াত দিলীপ মহলানবিশ (In Bangla: Dilip Mahalanabis dies) |work=[[Anandabazar Patrika]] |url=https://mepaper.anandabazar.com/imageview_66340_41035595_4_71_17-10-2022_3_i_1_sf.html |access-date=19 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=17 October 2022 |title=The pioneer of ORS Dilip Mahalanabis passes away at 88 in Kolkata |work=[[Business Insider India]] |agency=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]] |url=https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/the-pioneer-of-ors-dilip-mahalanabis-passes-away-at-88-in-kolkata/articleshow/94906697.cms |access-date=19 October 2022}}</ref> The simple, inexpensive Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) gained acceptance, and was later hailed as one of the most important medical advances of the 20th century.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Johnson |first=Steven |authorlink=Steven Johnson (author) |title=Extra Life |publisher=[[Riverhead Books]] |year=2021 |isbn=978-0-525-53885-1 |edition=1st |pages=119 |language=en}}</ref>

From 1975 to 1979, Mahalanabis worked in cholera control for the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) in [[Afghanistan]], [[Egypt]] and [[Yemen]]. During the 1980s, he worked as a WHO consultant on research on the management of [[Pathogenic bacteria|bacterial diseases]].<ref name=":4" /> In 1983, Mahalanabis was made a member of the WHO's Diarrhoeal Diseases Control Programme. He remained in that role for over five years.<ref name=":3" /> He was also associated with [[Kolkata]]'s [[National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases|National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED)]] and the [[Institute of Child Health, Kolkata|Institute of Child Health]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5" />

== Early life and education ==
Dilip Mahalanabis was born on November 12, 1934, in [[Kishoreganj District|Kishoreganj district]] of [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal Province]] of British India. He graduated from the [[Calcutta Medical College]] as a paediatrician in 1958 after working there as an intern. The establishment of the [[National Health Service|NHS]] in UK provided him an opportunity to pursue medicine in the UK, he obtained degrees from London and Edinburgh.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2022-10-17 |title=The life and career of Dilip Mahalanabis, whose ORS saved millions of lives |url=https://www.firstpost.com/explainers/explained-the-life-and-career-of-dilip-mahalanabis-whose-ors-saved-millions-of-lives-11467251.html |access-date=2022-10-18 |work=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref>

== Career ==
While he was in the UK he became the first Indian to be selected as the registrar for the [[Queen Elizabeth Hospital for Children]]. In the 1960s he joined the Johns Hopkins University International Centre for Medical Research and Training (JH-CMRT) in Kolkata, where he began his research into oral rehydration therapy.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-10-16 |title=Pioneer of oral rehydration therapy, Dr Dilip Mahalanabis, passes away |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pioneer-of-oral-rehydration-therapy-dr-dilip-mahalanabis-passes-away-101665943687740.html |access-date=2022-10-18 |work=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>

=== Bangladeshi Refugee Camps and pioneering of Oral Rehydration Therapy ===
The outbreak of the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] led to a massive refugee crisis, with most of the refugees ending up in India. Cholera quickly became a major cause of death among the starving and exhausted refugees, with a [[case fatality rate]] (CFR) of 30%.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Johnson |first=Steven |authorlink=Steven Johnson (author) |title=Extra Life |publisher=[[Riverhead Books]] |year=2021 |isbn=978-0-525-53885-1 |edition=1st |pages=118 |language=en}}</ref> To help the government and non-governmental organisations deal with this situation, JH-CMRT sent its professional and paramedical personnel to the refugee camps. Dr. Mahalanabis and his team worked along the border of India and [[East Pakistan]], with their treatment center being located in [[Bangaon|Bongaon]]. The 16 beds available to them in two cottages which served as cholera wards were completely insufficient to serve the 350,000 refugees living in the vicinity of the town, cholera wards quickly ran out of space with even floors being completely occupied by sick patients, this necessitated the setting up of a large separate tent with 100 cots. They also suffered from a shortage of intravenous fluids and had no way of obtaining them in the required quantities and trained personnel to administer them. Based on research available at the time, Mahalanabis and his team were confident that oral rehydration alone would be enough to prevent fatal dehydration in the early stages, with intravenous fluid being required only for severe cases after the onset of [[hypovolemic shock]] and severe [[acidosis]].

He used an oral rehydration solution (ORS) using locally available ingredients and with minimum number of ingredients consisting of 22g [[glucose]], 3.5g [[sodium chloride]], 2.5g [[Sodium bicarbonate|sodium hydrogencarbonate]] per litre of water. The glucose was prepared by JH-CMRT and the ingredients were weighed and packed in sealed and labeled polyethylene bags. This powdered mixture was added to drums containing potable water and given to patients in cups. Due to local sourcing of all the materials, the cost was just 11 paise (1.5 cents) per litre of the solution. The family members of the patients were instructed to provide the patients with the ORS due to the simplicity of the therapy. Potassium was also orally administered for children, and coconut water was provided whenever possible due to its high potassium content along with a small dose of [[tetracycline]] for both adults and children. During a 8-week period in which he and his team administered this therapy to 3700 patients, only 135 cases were fatal translating to a CFR of 3.6% which was a massive decrease from 30% fatality observed earlier, in the separate tent the CFR was even lower at 1%, however the conditions were so poor that half the patients died before any oral rehydration therapy could be even administered.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mahalanabis |first1=D |last2=Choudhuri |first2=Ab |last3=Bagchi |first3=Ng |last4=Bhattacharya |first4=Ak |last5=Simpson |first5=Tw |date=2012 |title=Oral fluid therapy of cholera among Bangladesh refugees [1] |journal=WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health |language=en |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=105–112 |doi=10.4103/2224-3151.206906 |pmid=28612784 |pmc=2566420 |issn=2224-3151 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

During this time Dr. Dhiman Barua who was the head of the bacterial diseases unit of the [[World Health Organization|WHO]] visited the camp managed by Mahalanabis, and began boldly promoting the treatment in the WHO and [[UNICEF]]. Despite this Mahalanabis's treatment was met with skepticism from the scientific community with many journals refusing to publish his original paper, it would take 7 more years for oral rehydration therapy to be accepted as a good treatment for dehydration from diarrhea and other diseases.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2004-06-02 |title=Three decades on, pioneer doctors rehydrate lifesaving ORS |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/three-decades-on-pioneer-doctors-rehydrate-lifesaving-ors/ |access-date=2022-10-18 |work=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> He never patented his ORS formula.

=== Later career ===
He worked in the cholera control unit of the WHO from 1975 to 1979, serving in Afghanistan, Egypt, and Yemen. He worked as a consultant on bacterial diseases for the WHO during the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-10-17 |title=Dr Dilip Mahalanabis passes away: How he came up with ORS, which revolutionised diarrhoea treatment |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-health/dr-dilip-mahalanabis-passes-away-ors-8214064/ |access-date=2022-10-18 |work=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

In the mid-1980s and early 1990s, he was a medical officer in the Diarrheal Disease Control Programme of the WHO.

In 1990 he was appointed as a clinical research officer at the [[International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research]] (ICDDR,B), Bangladesh. Later going on to become the Director of Clinical Research there.<ref name=":0" /> In 2004, he and Dr. Nathaniel Pierce were working on an improved version of the ORS which would be more effective at preventing dehydration from all forms diarrhoea and confer addition benefits like reduced stool output.<ref name=":1" />

== Awards and honours ==
In 1994, Mahalanabis was elected a foreign member of the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]. In 2002 Dr. Mahalanabis, Dr. Nathaniel Pierce, [[David Nalin|Dr. David Nalin]] and [[Norbert Hirschhorn|Dr. Norbert Hirschhorn]], were awarded the first [[Pollin Prize for Pediatric Research|Pollin Prize in Pediatric Research]] for their contributions to the discovery and implementation of oral rehydration therapy. In 2006 Dr. Mahalanabis, Dr. [[Richard A. Cash]] and Dr. [[David Nalin]] were awarded the [[Prince Mahidol Award]], also for their role in the development and application of oral rehydration therapy.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ryt9.com/es/ryt9m/50430/|title=Prince Mahidol Award 2006 Ceremony|date=25 January 2007|access-date=1 September 2017|publisher=ryt9.com|archive-date=2 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902052542/http://www.ryt9.com/es/ryt9m/50430|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/medicalnews.php?newsid=56602|title=Pioneer Of Oral Rehydration Therapy Receives Prince Mahidol Award|date=16 November 2006|access-date=1 September 2017|publisher=Medical News Today |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902094257/http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/56602.php |archive-date=2017-09-02}}</ref> In 2023, he was posthumously awarded the [[Padma Vibhushan]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-01-25 |title=ORS pioneer Dilip Mahalanabis, 25 other 'unsung heroes' get Padma Awards |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/ors-pioneer-dilip-mahalanabis-25-other-unsung-heroes-get-padma-awards-101674661307711.html |access-date=2023-01-26 |work=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>

==Personal life and death==
Mahalanabis was married to Jayanti Mahalanabis.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}} He died at a private hospital in [[West Bengal]], [[Kolkata]] on 16 October 2022, at the age of 87.<ref>{{cite news |title=Dilip Mahalanabis: নীরবেই চলে গেলেন ডাঃ দিলীপ মহলানবিশ, যাঁর দৌলতে স্বীকৃতি পায় ORS |url=https://www.peoplesreporter.in/health-and-treatment/dilip-mahalanbis-the-inventor-of-ors-treatment-passed-away |access-date=16 October 2022 |publisher=Peoples Reporter |date=16 October 2022 |archive-date=18 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018142822/https://www.peoplesreporter.in/health-and-treatment/dilip-mahalanbis-the-inventor-of-ors-treatment-passed-away |url-status=live }}</ref> He was suffering from lung infection and other old age related ailments.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Dr Dilip Mahalanabis, Pioneer Of Oral Rehydration Therapy, Dies In Kolkata |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dr-dilip-mahalanabis-pioneer-of-oral-rehydration-therapy-dies-in-kolkata-3437323 |access-date=2022-10-18 |work=NDTV.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Padma Vibhushan Awards|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahalanabis, Dilip}}
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:2022 deaths]]
[[Category:Bengali scientists]]
[[Category:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from West Bengal]]
[[Category:People from Kishoreganj District]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in medicine]]

Varun Grover (writer)

2026-03-04T19:41:55Z

Maleeha: stub.

{{Short description|Indian lyricist, writer, stand-up comedian and filmmaker}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox writer
| image = Varun Grover in Stockholm 2024 (cropped2).jpg
| caption = Grover in [[Stockholm]] in 2024
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1980|1|26}}
| birth_place = [[Sundernagar]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], India
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Lyricist]]|[[Film director|director]]|[[screenwriter]]|[[stand-up comedian]]|[[actor]]}}
| yearsactive = 2004—present
| notable_works = [[Masaan]], [[Udta Punjab]], [[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]], [[Sacred Games (TV series)|Sacred Games]], [[RRR (film)|RRR]]
| nationality = [[Indian people|Indian]]
| alma_mater = [[IIT (BHU) Varanasi|Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi]]
| spouse = Raj Kumari
}}

'''Varun Grover''' (born 26 January 1980) is an Indian [[lyricist]], [[Screenwriter|writer]], [[stand-up comedian]] and [[Film director|filmmaker]]. He won the award for Best Lyricist at the 63rd [[National Film Awards]] in 2015.<ref name="63rdawardPDF">{{cite web |url=http://dff.nic.in/writereaddata/Winners_of_63rd_NFA_2015.pdf |title=63rd National Film Awards |publisher=[[Directorate of Film Festivals]] |access-date=13 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215071718/http://dff.nic.in/writereaddata/Winners_of_63rd_NFA_2015.pdf |archive-date=15 December 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Pal|first1=Divya|title=National Award winning lyricist Varun Grover recalls initial reactions to 'Moh Moh Ke Dhaage'|url=http://www.news18.com/news/movies/bahut-achcha-hai-par-slow-hai-national-award-winning-lyricist-varun-grover-recalls-initial-reactions-to-moh-moh-ke-dhaage-1222145.html|access-date=13 February 2018|date=28 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Varun Grover (Civil 2003) wins award as Best Lyricist at 63rd National Film Awards 2016|url=http://www.itbhuglobal.org/chronicle/archives/2016/03/varun_grover_ci_1.php|access-date=13 February 2018|archive-date=18 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418230105/http://www.itbhuglobal.org/chronicle/archives/2016/03/varun_grover_ci_1.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> He co-created the political satire group ''Aisi Taisi Democracy,''<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=March 25, 2016 |title=The worst time for comedy is the best time for comedy: Varun Grover|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-conclave-2016/story/worst-time-for-comedy-varun-grover-india-today-conclave-2016-upa-pm-narendra-modi-arun-jaitley-dissent-up-313941-2016-03-18|access-date=2020-06-29|magazine=India Today|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-05 |title=Varun Grover on adapting Sacred Games, and why pro-establishment comedy is against Indian culture |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/varun-grover-on-why-he-adapted-sacred-games-and-how-pro-establishment-comedy-is-against-indian-culture-7255191.html |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=Firstpost |language=en-us}}</ref> and his debut film, ''[[All India Rank]],'' closed the 52nd [[International Film Festival Rotterdam|Rotterdam International Film Festival]], in 2023.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=All India Rank {{!}} IFFR |url=https://iffr.com/en/iffr/2023/films/all-india-rank |access-date=2023-02-15 |website=iffr.com}}</ref> Grover also performs [[stand-up comedian|stand-up comedy]], writes [[poet|poetry]] and [[actor|acts]].<ref>{{cite web |date=12 July 2020 |title=Vinod Kambli was reduced to his assumed ('lowest') caste identity |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/reservation-vinod-kambli-dalits-varun-grover-6501257/}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Grover was born in [[Sundernagar]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], to a school-teacher mother and army engineer father, and belongs to a [[Punjabi Hindus|Punjabi Hindu]] family.<ref>Akshay Manwani (24 July 2016), [https://scroll.in/reel/812351/varun-grover-interview-the-lack-of-respect-for-writers-stays-with-you-but-also-fuels-you "Varun Grover interview: ‘The lack of respect for writers stays with you, but also fuels you’"], ''[[Scroll.in]]''. Retrieved 20 March 2020.</ref> His paternal grandfather originally lived in [[Faisalabad]], a city in the [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]] of [[British India]]. After the [[partition of India]], Faisalabad became a part of the [[Punjab, Pakistan|West Punjab province]] of [[Pakistan]], due to which he moved to [[Jagadhri]] in present-day [[Haryana]], where he settled and eventually started a business of [[sign painting]] for shops. In the early [[1950s]], a cinema hall opened in Jagadhri wherein he went on to design posters for the hall. He instructed his two elder sons, Varun's uncles and his father's brothers, to also make such posters. This led the family to gain an interest in watching [[movies]], many of which they watched at the same cinema hall, in which Varun's grandfather also took his father. Varun accredits this for his interest in films, as he "inherited the same addiction from [his] father".<ref>{{cite AV media |people= Grover, Varun|date= 2024-02-21|title=Sab Achhi Baatein {{!}} All India Rank {{!}} Varun Grover - Spoken Fest |type=video |language= hi|url=https://youtube.com/watch?v=h3aJBO9WXho |access-date=2024-08-07|location=India |publisher=Kommune India}}</ref>

Varun spent his initial years in [[Dehradun]], [[Uttarakhand]] and [[Sundernagar]], before moving to [[Lucknow]] for his adolescent years. He studied civil engineering at [[Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi]], graduating in 2003.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/brutal-censors-give-another-route-to-creativity-masaan-writer-varun-grover/|title=Brutal censors give another route to creativity: 'Masaan' writer Varun Grover|date=2015-10-07|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-01-19|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Liberal in his thoughts |url=http://dailypost.in/lifestyle/fashion-and-beauty/52886-liberal-in-his-thoughts |agency=Daily Post India |access-date=2015-11-25 |archive-date=26 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126005015/http://dailypost.in/lifestyle/fashion-and-beauty/52886-liberal-in-his-thoughts |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/92124/varun-grover-interview-comedy-songwriter-scrip-writer/|title=EXCLUSIVE: Varun Grover on His Journey, the Film Industry, & Sexism in Standup Comedy|date=2017-03-20|work=The Better India|access-date=2018-01-19|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/VXp7QpToHxvptmcOU9ZCyH/Masaan-man-Varun-Grovers-journey-A-civil-engineer-turned-B.html|title=Masaan man Varun Grover's journey: A civil engineer turned Bollywood scriptwriter|last=Jha|first=Lata|date=2015-08-05|work=livemint.com|access-date=2018-08-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/neeraj-ghaywan-varun-grover-to-donate-national-award-prize-money-to-farmers-2784161/|title=Neeraj Ghaywan, Varun Grover to donate National Award prize money to farmers|date=2016-05-04|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-01-19|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/VXp7QpToHxvptmcOU9ZCyH/Masaan-man-Varun-Grovers-journey-A-civil-engineer-turned-B.html|title=Masaan man Varun Grover's journey: A civil engineer turned Bollywood scriptwriter|first=Lata|last=Jha|date=5 August 2015|publisher=Mint}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/06/arts/television/sacred-games-netflix-review.html |title=Review: The Criminal Life in Mumbai in 'Sacred Games' |date=6 July 2018 |work=The New York Times |access-date=15 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/the-devil-of-the-details-5239759/ |title=Sacred Games review: The Devil of the Details |date=30 June 2018 |work=The Indian Express |access-date=15 July 2018}}</ref> He began his career as a software consultant with the multinational company [[Kanbay]] in Pune, where he worked for nearly a year. In 2004, Varun Grover moved to Mumbai to pursue his passion for writing. The following year, he secured an opportunity to script for the television series [[The Great Indian Comedy Show]]. In 2018, collection of short stories for children, called Paper Chor was published in Hindi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Greer |first=Robert |date=2019-08-15 |title=Interview {{!}} Varun Grover: Of Paper Thieves and Nuclear Ducks |url=https://thelondonmagazine.org/interview-varun-grover-of-paper-thieves-and-nuclear-ducks/ |access-date=2026-03-04 |website=The London Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref>

=== Music ===
In 2017, Varun Grover released Beete Dino Ke Geet,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/people-writer-comedian-varun-grover-discusses-new-collaboration-indie-space-lifestyle/18284165 |title=Indian music and cinema are tough nuts to crack: Varun Grover |website=mid-day.com |date=27 May 2017}}</ref> a song in collaboration with US-based producer Krishna Chetan.

=== Comedy ===

In 2025, Varun Grover released his standup special Nothing Makes Sense.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-sdocGbdRg |title=Varun Grover {{!}}{{!}} Comedy Special {{!}}{{!}} Nothing Makes Sense |date=2026-01-02 |last=Varun Grover |access-date=2026-03-04 |via=YouTube}}</ref>

==Discography==
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders " style="text-align:center;"
|-
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Artist
! scope="col" | Album
! scope="col" | Notes
|-
!scope="row" | "Yeh Ek Zindagi"
|rowspan=9|2022
|rowspan=4| [[Achint Thakkar]]
|rowspan=4| ''[[Monica, O My Darling]]''
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Suno Jaanejaan"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Bye Bye Adios"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Farsh Pe Khade"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Hari Har"
|rowspan=4|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
|rowspan=4|''[[Samrat Prithviraj]]''
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Hadd Kar De"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Makhmali"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Yoddha"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Shauq"
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| ''[[Qala (film)|Qala]]''
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Noodle Sa Dil"
|rowspan=6|2023
|rowspan=5| Mayukh-Mainak
|rowspan=5| ''[[All India Rank]]''
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Sab Achhi Baatein Hain"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Choice Hi Nahin Hai"
|
|-
!scope="row" | {{no wrap|"Thehar Zara"}}
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Haq Hai"
|
|-
!scope="row"| "Chal Ve Watna"
| rowspan=5| [[Pritam]]
| ''[[Dunki (film)|Dunki]]''
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Merry Christmas"

| rowspan=10|2024

|rowspan=4|''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]''
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Nazar Teri Toofan"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Raat Akeli Thi"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Dil Ki Mez"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Tenu Sang Rakhna"

|Rowspan=5| Achint Thakkar
|Rowspan=6| ''[[Jigra]]''
|
|-
!scope="row"|"Jiya"
|
|-
!scope="row" |"Jigra"
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Jigra" ({{small|Acoustic}})
|
|-
!scope="row" | "Pan India Area King"
| {{no wrap|Co-written with}} Achint Thakkar
|-
!scope="row" | "Phoolon Ka Taaro Ka"
| [[R. D. Burman]], Achint Thakkar
| Co-written with [[Anand Bakshi]]
|}

== Filmography ==

=== Films ===
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" | Year
! rowspan="2" | Title
! colspan="5" | Credited as
|-
! Lyricist
! Writer
! Director
! Actor
! Notes
|-
| 2006
| ''[[Ghoom (film)|Ghoom]]''
|{{no}}
|{{Partial|Dialogues}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Accident on Hill Road]]''
|{{no}}
|{{Partial|Dialogues}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| 2011<ref name=":3" />
| ''[[That Girl in Yellow Boots]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2012<ref name=":2" />
| ''[[Peddlers (film)|Peddlers]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]''<ref name=":2" />
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 2]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| 2013<ref name=":3" />
| ''[[Prague (2013 film)|Prague]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2014<ref name=":3" />
| ''[[Katiyabaaz]]''<ref name=":3" />
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| ''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2015
| ''[[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]]''<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/loved-the-simplicity-of-tu-kisi-rail-si-varun-grover/|title=Loved the simplicity of 'Tu kisi rail si…': Varun Grover|date=2015-08-06|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-08-02|language=en-US}}</ref>
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|Won [[National Film Award for Best Lyrics]]
|-
| ''[[Bombay Velvet]]'' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/suprateek-chatterjee/yes-bombay-velvet-is-pret_b_7291322.html|title=Yes, 'Bombay Velvet' Is Pretty Atrocious, But We Should Not Be Happy About It|date=15 May 2015|publisher=Huffington Post}}</ref>
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|
|-
| ''[[Fly Away Solo|Masaan]]'' <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/brutal-censors-give-another-route-to-creativity-masaan-writer-varun-grover/|title=Brutal censors give another route to creativity: 'Masaan' writer Varun Grover|date=2015-10-07|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-08-02|language=en-US}}</ref>
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2016<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-varun-grover-lyricist-of-many-phantom-films-slams-vikas-bahl-for-sexually-abusing-a-female-employee-2396304|title=Varun Grover, lyricist of many Phantom films, SLAMS Vikas Bahl for sexually abusing a female employee!|date=2017-04-11|work=dna|access-date=2018-08-02|language=en-US}}</ref>
| ''[[Zubaan]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| ''[[Fan (2016 film)|Fan]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| ''[[Raman Raghav 2.0]]''<ref name=":1" />
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| ''[[Udta Punjab]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| 2017<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/news/bollywood-news/article/padmaavat-varun-grover-comedy-sanjay-leela-bhansali-deepika-padukone-karni-sena/191770|title=Before watching Padmaavat, check out comedian Varun Grover's hilarious take on the film|access-date=2018-08-02|language=en-GB}}</ref>
| ''[[Newton (film)|Newton]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2018
| ''[[Kaala (2018 film)|Kaala]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| ''[[Sui Dhaaga]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
|2019
|''[[Sonchiriya]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| 2021
|''[[Sandeep Aur Pinky Faraar]]''
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|Won Filmfare award for Best Dialogue
|-
|rowspan="6" | 2022
|''[[RRR (film)|RRR]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|Lyricist for the Hindi version
|-
| ''[[Badhaai Do]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| ''[[Monica, O My Darling]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
|''[[Samrat Prithviraj]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
|''[[KISS (2022 film)|Kiss]]''||{{no}}
|{{yes}} || {{yes}}
|{{no}}
|Directorial Debut, Short film
|-
|''[[Qala (film)|Qala]]''|| {{yes}}
|{{no}} || {{no}}
|{{yes}}
|
|-
|2023
|''[[Dunki (film)|Dunki]]''|| rowspan="2" {{yes}}
|rowspan="2" {{no}} || rowspan="2" {{no}} || rowspan="2" {{no}}
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2024
|''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]''
|
|-
|''[[All India Rank]]''
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|Directorial Debut, Feature Film
|-
|''[[Jigra]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{No}}
|{{No}}
|{{No}}
|
|-
|''[[Chashma (short film)|Chashma]]''
|{{No}}
|{{Yes}}
|{{No}}
|{{No}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chashma |url=https://gubbaraentertainment.com/chashma/ |access-date=2025-11-23 |website=Gubbara Entertainment |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" |2025
|[[Superboys of Malegaon|''Superboys Of Malegaon'']]
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|-
| ''[[Homebound (2025 film)|Homebound]]''
|{{no}}
|{{Partial|Dialogues}}
|{{no}}
|{{no}}
|
|}

=== Television ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Title !! Credited as
|-
|2004–2006<ref name=":0" />
|''[[The Great Indian Comedy Show]]''
|rowspan="7" | Writer
|-
|2007
|''SAB Ka Bheja Fry''
|-
| 2007–2008
|''[[Ranvir Vinay Aur Kaun?]]''<ref name=Groverrediff>{{cite interview |interviewer=Aseem Chhabra |title='I don't want to be Anand Bakshi' |date=26 February 2015 |publisher=[[Rediff.com]] |location=Mumbai |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/i-dont-want-to-be-anand-bakshi/20150226.htm |access-date=1 May 2024}}</ref>
|-
| 2008–2009
|''[[Oye! It's Friday!]]''<ref name=":0" />
|-
| 2008–2009
| ''[[10 Ka Dum]]''
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Ghar Ki Baat Hai]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.redchillies.com/ghar_ki_baat/index.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111021062835/http://www.redchillies.com/ghar_ki_baat/index.asp|archive-date=2011-10-21|title=Idiot Box | Red Chillies Entertainments|date=21 October 2011}}</ref>
|-
|2009–2013<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/sacred-games-writers-didnt-want-to-load-the-script-with-sex-or-violence/19605177|title=Sacred Games writers didn t want to load the script with sex or violence|date=2018-07-15|work=mid-day|access-date=2018-08-02}}</ref>
| ''[[Jay Hind!]]''
|-
| 2018–2019
|[[Sacred Games (TV series)|''Sacred Games'']]
| Writer and Executive producer
|}

==Books==
*''Paper Chor'' (2018), Jugnoo Prakashan
*''Biksu'' (2019), Ektara India
*''Karejwa'' (2020), Bakarmaxindia

== Awards and nominations ==
[[File:The President, Shri Pranab Mukherjee presenting the Rajat Kamal Award to Shri Varun Grover (Best Lyrics) for Dum Laga Ke Haisha, at the 63rd National Film Awards Function, in New Delhi (cropped).jpg|thumb|Grover at the [[63rd National Film Awards]] receiving the [[National Film Award for Best Lyrics|Best Lyrics]] award for ''[[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]]'' from President [[Pranab Mukherjee]]]]

{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Award
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Work
! scope="col" | Category
! scope="col" | Result
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{refh}}
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2" |[[Apsara Film & Television Producers Guild Award]]
|2013
|"Womaniya"–''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]''
|rowspan="2" |Best Lyrics
|{{nom}}
|align="center"|
|-
|2016
|"Moh Moh Ke Dhaage"
|{{won}}
|align="center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Winner - Producers Guild of India |url=https://time.com/collection/next-generation-leaders/6317267/dhruv-rathee/ |website=Producers Guild of India |date=5 October 2023 |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Winners of 11th Renault Sony Guild Awards|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/9455|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223143419/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/9455|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 December 2015 |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row" rowspan="6" | [[Filmfare Awards]]
|[[61st Filmfare Awards|2016]]
|"Moh Moh Ke Dhaage"–''[[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]]''
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyricist]]
|{{nom}}
|align="center" | <ref>{{cite web |title=Check out the nominees for Filmfare Awards 2016 |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-check-out-the-nominees-for-filmfare-awards-2016-2164906 |website=DNA |access-date=30 October 2023 |date=12 January 2016}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="3" | [[67th Filmfare Awards|2022]]
|rowspan="3" | [[Sandeep Aur Pinky Faraar]]
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Story|Best Story]]
|{{nom}}
|align="center"|<ref name="Filmfare">{{cite web |title=67th Wolf777news Filmfare Awards 2022 with Government of Maharashtra |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-2022/nominations |website=Filmfare |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Screenplay|Best Screenplay]]
|{{nom}}
|align="center" | <ref name="Filmfare"/>
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Dialogue|Best Dialogue]]
|{{won}}
|align="center" | <ref name="Filmfare"/>
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[70th Filmfare Awards|2025]]
|[[All India Rank]]
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Debut Director|Best Debut Director]]
|{{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Nominations for The 70th Hyundai Filmfare Awards 2025 With Gujarat Tourism: Full List Out
|url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/nominations-for-the-70th-hyundai-filmfare-awards-2025-with-gujarat-tourism-full-list-out-78037.html|date=26 September 2025|website=Filmfare}}</ref>
|-
| "Raat Akeli Thi" – ''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]''
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyricist]]
|{{nom}}
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | [[Global Indian Music Academy Awards]]
|rowspan="2" | 2016
|rowspan="2" | "Moh Moh Ke Dhaage"–''[[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]]''
|[[GiMA Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyricist]]
|{{won}}
|
|-
|[[GiMA Award for Best Film Song|Best Film Song]]
|{{nom}}
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3" |[[Mirchi Music Awards]]
|[[7th Mirchi Music Awards|2014]]
|"Aayi Bahar"–''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]''
|Raag-Inspired Song of the Year
|{{nom}}
|
|-
|[[8th Mirchi Music Awards|2016]]
|"Moh Moh Ke Dhaage"–''[[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]]''
|[[Mirchi Music Award for Lyricist of The Year|Lyricist of the Year]]
|{{won}}
|
|-
|[[9th Mirchi Music Awards|2017]]
|[[Udta Punjab]]
|[[Mirchi Music Award for Album of The Year|Album of the Year]]
|{{nom}}
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[National Film Awards]]
|[[67th National Film Awards|2016]]
|"Moh Moh Ke Dhaage"–''[[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]]''
|[[National Film Award for Best Lyrics|Best Lyrics]]
|{{won}}
|align="center"|<ref>{{cite web |title=National Awards winner, 2016 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-awards/national-awards-winners/2015/108 |website=[[The Times Of India]] |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="63rdawardPDF" />
|-
! scope="row" | [[Times of India Film Awards]]
|2016
|''[[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]]''
|Best Lyrics
|{{won}}
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Zee Cine Awards]]
|2016
|"Moh Moh Ke Dhaage"–''[[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]]''
|[[Zee Cine Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyricist]]
|{{won}}
| align="center" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/zee-cine-awards-complete-list-of-winners-1279607|title=Zee Cine Awards: Complete List of Winners |date=21 February 2016|publisher=NDTV}}</ref>
|-
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of Indian comedians]]
* [[List of stand-up comedians]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}
* {{Bollywood Hungama person}}

{{Subject bar
|commons = yes
|commons-search =
|d = yes
|d-search =
|portal1 = Biography
|portal2 =
}}
{{National Film Award Best Lyrics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Grover, Varun}}
[[Category:1980 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Punjabi people]]
[[Category:Indian male comedians]]
[[Category:People from Mandi district]]
[[Category:Screenwriters from Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian television writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Best Lyrics National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Indian male television writers]]
[[Category:Novelists from Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian screenwriters]]
[[Category:Indian satirists]]
[[Category:Indian political artists]]

Tiruguleni Manishi

2026-03-03T20:18:31Z

Maleeha: pg

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Tiruguleni Manishi
| image = Tirugu Leni Manishi.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[K. Raghavendra Rao]]
| producer = K. Devi Vara Prasad
| writer = Satyanand ({{small|(dialogues)}}
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on =
| starring = [[Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao|N.T.Rama Rao]] [[Chiranjeevi]] [[Rati Agnihotri]]
| narrator =
| music = [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| cinematography = K. S. Prakash
| editing = Kotagiri Venakateswara Rao
| studio = Devi Film Productions
| distributor =
| released = {{film date|df=y|1981|4|1}}
| runtime = 138 mins
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget =
}}

'''''Tiruguleni Manishi''''' is a 1981 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[action film]], produced by K. Devi Vara Prasad under the Devi Film Productions banner and directed by [[K. Raghavendra Rao]]. It stars [[N. T. Rama Rao]], [[Chiranjeevi]] and [[Rati Agnihotri]], with music composed by [[K. V. Mahadevan]]. The film was a disaster at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 March 2006 |title=Star Interviews: Interview with Devi Vara Prasad |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061119100423/http://www.telugucinema.com/tc/stars/devivaraparasad_interview.php |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=[[Telugucinema.com]]}}</ref>

==Plot==
Advocate Raja is the son of big shot Sasi Bhushan Rao, who triumphs a sound file. His sibling Padma loves a pop singer, Kishore, but their father denies it. Thus, Padma attempts suicide when Raja shields and silently knits the turtle doves. Initially, Sasi Bhushan Rao rebukes but is slowly convinced. Whereat, he mocks at Kishore's scarcity, and with resentful pride, which provokes to entangle in the crime wing whose chieftain is under a veil. Besides, Raja gets into a squabble with a petty thief, Sita, and they crush. Time passed, and Padma gave birth to a baby boy. Parallelly, Raja detects Sai Bhushan Rao as an associate of the same web and protests him, who decides to quit the dark path. Anyhow, he is assassinated by the knaves when Raja seeks vengeance and aims to expose the monster. After crossing several avenues, he acquaints his father's acolyte, Nagulu, who directs him in busting the gang. Inward, Raja is startled to be aware of Kishore when he warns him to reform and aid in tracing the blackguard. As a flabbergast, it declares Nagulu is the true beast who abducts Kishore's kid and coerces him to slay Raja. At last, Kishore mingles the Raja, and they cease the baddies. Finally, the movie ends happily with the marriage of Raja & Sita.

==Cast==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao|N. T. Rama Rao]] as Raja
*[[Chiranjeevi]] as Kishore
*[[Rati Agnihotri]] as Seeta
*[[Fatafat Jayalaxmi]] as Padma
*[[Kaikala Satyanarayana|Satyanarayana]] as Nagulu
*[[Jaggayya]] as Sasibhushan Rao
*[[Allu Rama Lingaiah|Allu Ramalingaiah]] as Donga Ramudu
*[[Bob Christo]] as Goon
*[[Mukkamala (actor)|Mukkamala]] as Lawyer
*Malladi as Ramaiah
*Chidatala Appa Rao as Police Constable
*Kamila Prasad Babu as Kishore's Son
}}

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Tirugu Leni Manishi
| type = film
| artist = [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 1981
| recorded = 24:41
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = Soundtrack
| length =
| label =
| producer = [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| prev_title = [[Guru Sishyulu (1981 film)|Guru Sishyulu]]
| prev_year = 1981
| next_title = [[Aggi Ravva]]
| next_year = 1981
}}

Music composed by [[K. V. Mahadevan]]. Lyrics were written by [[Acharya Aatreya]].
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!S.No!!Song title !!Singers !!length
|-
|1
|"Madhuram Madhuram"
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[P. Susheela]]
|4:13
|-
|2
|"Bariloki Diganaa"
|S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela
|4:07
|-
|3
|"Ravamma Ravamma"
|S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela
|3:58
|-
|4
|"Ninnu Puttinchinodu"
|S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela
|3:47
|-
|5
|"Entasepu Entasepu"
|S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela
|4:18
|-
|6
|"Yavvanam Oka Nandanam"
|S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela
|4:18
|}

== Reception ==
A critic from ''[[Andhra Patrika]]'' praised the performances of the cast including the Rao (Jaggayya) character's dialogues and called the Rathi-Allu Ramalingaiah combination scenes entertaining.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiancine.ma/documents/JNW/info|title=తిరుగులేని మనిషి|date=19 April 1981|work=[[Andhra Patrika]]|author=వి. ఆర్.|access-date=10 September 2024|language=te|trans-title=''Tiruguleni Manishi''}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Eenadu|Sitara magazine]]'' also praised the film's cast and music and wrote that the film's strange disguises, the villain's hideout resembling an ancient wizard's cave and the playsong of the heroines have become outdated.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiancine.ma/documents/JNX/0,2660,717,3578|title=తిరుగులేని మనిషి|date=19 April 1981|work=[[Eenadu|Sitara]]|author=పవిత్ర|access-date=10 September 2024|language=te|trans-title=''Tiruguleni Manishi''}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|id=0246280|title=Tiruguleni Manishi}}
{{K. Raghavendra Rao}}

[[Category:1981 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:1981 films]]
[[Category:Films scored by K. Chakravarthy]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. Raghavendra Rao]]

Samantha Ruth Prabhu filmography

2026-03-01T07:52:19Z

Maleeha: Revised content for better accuracy

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
[[File:Samantha at 10 Enradhukulla Teaser Launch.jpg|thumb| Samantha in 2015]]
[[Samantha Ruth Prabhu]] is an Indian actress who works predominantly in [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]] and [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]] films. One of the highest paid and popular actresses of South India, she made her acting debut in 2010 as a small role in Gautham Vasudev Menon's Tamil romance film ''[[Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa]]'', which was simultaneously made in Telugu as ''[[Ye Maaya Chesave]]'' in which she played a Lead Role {{efn|Samantha appeared in a role in ''[[Ye Maaya Chesave]]''{{'s}} [[Multiple-language version|simultaneously-filmed]] Tamil version ''[[Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa]]''.}}. The former film earned her the [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut&nbsp;– South]] and a [[Nandi Awards|Nandi Award]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sunita Chowdhary |first=Y. |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/away-from-the-rat-race/article3402317.ece |title=Away from the rat race |date=10 May 2012 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=8 October 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129085457/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/away-from-the-rat-race/article3402317.ece |archive-date=29 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news-interviews/Samantha-feels-One-film-changes-all/articleshow/25553340.cms |title=Samantha feels 'One' film changes all |date=10 November 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=8 October 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171031111913/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news-interviews/Samantha-feels-One-film-changes-all/articleshow/25553340.cms |archive-date=31 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140327/entertainment-kollywood/article/samantha-her-own-league |title=Samantha is in her own league |date=27 March 2014 |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |access-date=8 October 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912195851/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140327/entertainment-kollywood/article/samantha-her-own-league |archive-date=12 September 2017}}</ref> In 2012, Samantha featured in live action Telugu-Tamil bilingual project ''[[Eega]]'' (''Naan Ee''). The film received positive reviews in both Telugu and Tamil languages and it was one of the highest-grossing Telugu films of the year, earning {{INR}}1.15&nbsp;billion globally. Her performance as a micro artist who runs a NGO and takes revenge for the murder of her lover earned her the [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress&nbsp;– Telugu|Filmfare Award for Best Telugu Actress]]. In the same year, she appeared in the trilingual romantic drama ''[[Neethaane En Ponvasantham]]'' (2012). The film earned her praise from critics, and Samantha won her first [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress&nbsp;– Tamil|Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Actress]]. 2012 became her most prolific award-winning year and she secured further recognition for Best Actress at the [[Vijay Award for Best Actress|Vijay Awards]], [[Santosham Best Actress Award|Santosham Film Awards]] and the [[CineMAA Awards]]. Popular playback singer and dubbing artist [[Chinmayi Sripada]] has been the voice of Samantha in most of her Telugu language films right from her debut in ''Ye Maaya Chesave''. She has also dubbed for Samantha in a few of her Tamil and Hindi language films.

Between 2013 and 2015, Samantha mostly appeared in leading female roles in hero-centric Tamil as well as Telugu films, such as the Tamil-language action-drama ''[[Anjaan (2014 film)|Anjaan]]'' (2014), social action ''[[Kaththi]]'' (2014), and action-drama ''[[10 Endrathukulla]]'' (2014). This film, along with ''[[Theri (film)|Theri]]'', and ''[[24 (2016 film)|24]]'' (both 2016), and ''[[Mersal (film)|Mersal]]'' (2017) earned her nominations for the Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Actress. Other film appearances include the comedy [[family drama]] ''[[Seethamma Vakitlo Sirimalle Chettu]]'' (2013), action drama ''[[Attarintiki Daredi]]'' (2013), fantasy-drama ''[[Manam (film)|Manam]]'' (2014), and action comedy ''[[Rabhasa]]'' (2014). Her work in the Telugu film ''[[A Aa]]'' (2016) won her a fourth Filmfare Award.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2017/telugu/nominations/best-actor-female/samantha |title=Samantha- Best Telugu Actor in Leading Role Female Nominee |website=[[Filmfare]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225082857/https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2017/telugu/nominations/best-actor-female/samantha |archive-date=25 February 2018 |access-date=25 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/winners-of-the-64th-jio-filmfare-awards-south-21594.html |title=Winners of the 64th Jio Filmfare Awards (South) |website=[[Filmfare]] |date=17 June 2017|access-date=1 January 2020|archive-date=27 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627032040/http://www.filmfare.com/news/winners-of-the-64th-jio-filmfare-awards-south-21594.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Habib |first=Wahid |date=2025-07-08 |title=When Samantha Ruth Prabhu Questioned the Genuineness of Naga Chaitanya's Proposal |url=https://foodformula.site/samantha-ruth-prabhu-questioned-naga-chaitanya/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250708055816/https://foodformula.site/samantha-ruth-prabhu-questioned-naga-chaitanya/ |archive-date=2025-07-08 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=FoodFormula}}</ref> Samantha starred in the second season of the [[Amazon Prime Video]] series ''[[The Family Man (Indian TV series)|The Family Man]]'' in 2021.

== Films ==
{{Pending films key}}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|+ {{Screen reader-only|Samantha Ruth Prabhu's film credits}}
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role(s)
! scope="col" | Language(s)
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{refh}}
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2010
! scope="row" | ''[[Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa]]''
| Nandini
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| Debut Cameo
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Vinnaithaandi Varuvaaya |type=motion picture |language=Tamil |publisher=[[Escape Artists Motion Pictures]] |year=2010 |trans-title=Will You Cross the Skies for Me? |time=2:34:29 to 2:34:37 |time-caption=End credits, from}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Ye Maaya Chesave]]''
| Jessie Thekekuthu
| [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| Debut as Lead
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajamani |first=Radhika |date=26 February 2010 |title=Review: Ye Maya Chesave is a beautiful love story |url=http://movies.rediff.com/review/2010/feb/26/south-telugu-movie-review-ye-maya-chesave.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805142645/http://movies.rediff.com/review/2010/feb/26/south-telugu-movie-review-ye-maya-chesave.htm |archive-date=5 August 2017 |access-date=19 October 2017 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Baana Kaathadi]]''
| Priya
| Tamil
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bhaskaran |first=Gautaman |date=10 August 2010 |title=Review: Baana Kaathadi |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/review-baana-kaathadi/story-WmFhHueXom3kqPlUgTYDeI.html |url-status=live |access-date=13 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023173834/http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/review-baana-kaathadi/story-WmFhHueXom3kqPlUgTYDeI.html |archive-date=23 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Moscowin Kavery]]''
| Kaveri Thangavelu
| Tamil
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2010 |title=Moscowin Kaveri |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/moscowin-kaveri-review-tamil-pclxFwceffeij.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171128175037/http://www.sify.com/movies/moscowin-kaveri-review-tamil-pclxFwceffeij.html |archive-date=28 November 2017 |access-date=19 October 2017 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Brindavanam (2010 film)|Brindavanam]]''
| Indu
| rowspan="2" | Telugu
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajamani |first=Radhika |date=13 October 2010 |title=From YMC's Jessie to Indu |url=http://movies.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/oct/13/slide-show-1-south-samantha-ruth-prabhu-on-brindavanam.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020190722/http://movies.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/oct/13/slide-show-1-south-samantha-ruth-prabhu-on-brindavanam.htm |archive-date=20 October 2017 |access-date=20 October 2017 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2011
! scope="row" | ''[[Dookudu]]''
| Prashanthi
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Pavithra |date=23 September 2011 |title=Review: Dookudu is Mahesh Babu's show all the way |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-dookudu/20110923.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030063149/http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-dookudu/20110923.htm |archive-date=30 October 2017 |access-date=30 October 2017 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Nadunisi Naaygal]]''
| Asylum patient
| Tamil
| rowspan="2" | Cameo
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Suganth |first=M. |date=2011 |title=Nadunisi Naaygal Movie Review |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/nadunisi-naaygal/movie-review/7527209.cms |url-status=live |access-date=20 October 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20171009150226/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/nadunisi-naaygal/movie-review/7527209.cms |archive-date=9 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" |2012
! scope="row" | ''[[Ekk Deewana Tha]]''
| Samantha
| [[Hindi]]
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Ekk Deewana Tha |type=motion picture |language=Hindi |publisher=[[Fox Star Studios]] |year=2012 |trans-title=There Was A Crazy Lover |time=2:11:18 to 2:11:50 |time-caption=End credits, from}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Eega]]''
| rowspan="2" | Bindu
| Telugu
| rowspan="2" |Bilingual film
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=7 July 2012 |title=Eega: Don't miss this buzz |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/eega-dont-miss-this-buzz/article3609904.ece |url-status=live |access-date=19 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405093910/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/eega-dont-miss-this-buzz/article3609904.ece |archive-date=5 April 2016}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''Naan Ee''
| rowspan="2" |Tamil
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Neethaane En Ponvasantham]]''
| Nithya Vasudevan
| rowspan="1" |
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Subramanian |first=Karthik |date=15 December 2012 |title=Neethaane En Ponvasantham: An ode to Ilaiyaraaja |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/Neethaane-En-Ponvasantham-An-ode-to-Ilaiyaraaja/article12073510.ece |url-status=live |access-date=19 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113152723/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/Neethaane-En-Ponvasantham-An-ode-to-Ilaiyaraaja/article12073510.ece |archive-date=13 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=31 May 2016 |title=Samantha: I am done with clichéd heroine roles |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Samantha-I-am-done-with-clich%C3%A9d-heroine-roles/article14378258.ece |url-status=live |access-date=19 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113152723/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Samantha-I-am-done-with-clich%C3%A9d-heroine-roles/article14378258.ece |archive-date=13 November 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Yeto Vellipoyindhi Manasu]]''
|Nithya Yelavarthi
|rowspan="3"|Telugu
|
|
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2013
! scope="row" | ''[[Seethamma Vakitlo Sirimalle Chettu]]''
| Geetha
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2013 |title=Review : Seethamma Vaakitlo Sirimalle Chettu |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/seethamma-vaakitlo-sirimalle-chettu-review-review-telugu-pcmaFugbffcee.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150726033543/http://www.sify.com/movies/seethamma-vaakitlo-sirimalle-chettu-review-review-telugu-pcmaFugbffcee.html |archive-date=26 July 2015 |access-date=30 October 2017 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Jabardasth (film)|Jabardasth]]''
| Shreya
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=22 February 2013 |title=Film review: Jabardasth&nbsp;— An inspired fun ride |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/film-review-jabardasth-an-inspired-fun-ride/article4442821.ece |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030064410/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/film-review-jabardasth-an-inspired-fun-ride/article4442821.ece |archive-date=30 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Theeya Velai Seiyyanum Kumaru]]''
| Herself
| Tamil
|Cameo
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Saraswathi |first=S. |date=14 June 2013 |title=Review: Theeya Velai Seiyyanum Kumaru is predictable |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-theeya-velai-seiyyanum-kumaru/20130614.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020135750/http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-theeya-velai-seiyyanum-kumaru/20130614.htm |archive-date=20 October 2017 |access-date=20 October 2017 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Attarintiki Daredi]]''
| Sashi
| rowspan="6" | Telugu
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajamani |first=Radhika |date=27 September 2013 |title=Review: Attarintiki Daaredi is Pawan Kalyan's show! |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/south-review-attarintiki-daaredi-is-pawan-kalyans-show/20130927.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122080510/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/south-review-attarintiki-daaredi-is-pawan-kalyans-show/20130927.htm |archive-date=22 January 2015 |access-date=30 October 2017 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Ramayya Vasthavayya]]''
| Akarsha
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=11 October 2013 |title=Ramayya Vasthavayya: Hinged on heroism |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/ramayya-vasthavayya-hinged-on-heroism/article5225181.ece |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014040425/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/ramayya-vasthavayya-hinged-on-heroism/article5225181.ece |archive-date=14 October 2013}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="6" |2014
! scope="row" | ''[[Manam (film)|Manam]]''
| Krishnaveni and Priya{{efn|name=dual}}||
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Borah |first=Prabalika M. |date=23 May 2014 |title=Manam: Smiles all around |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/manam-smiles-all-around/article6040767.ece |url-status=live |access-date=20 October 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20171020071402/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/manam-smiles-all-around/article6040767.ece |archive-date=20 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Autonagar Surya]]''
| Sirisha
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seshagiri |first=Sangeetha |date=27 June 2014 |title='Autonagar Surya' Movie Review Roundup: Average Fare |work=[[International Business Times]] |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/autonagar-surya-movie-review-roundup-average-fare-603226 |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030071016/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/autonagar-surya-movie-review-roundup-average-fare-603226 |archive-date=30 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Alludu Seenu]]''
| Anjali
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=25 July 2014 |title=Alludu Seenu: Outlandish launch pad |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/alludu-seenu-outlandish-launch-pad/article6249134.ece |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030071114/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/alludu-seenu-outlandish-launch-pad/article6249134.ece |archive-date=30 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Rabhasa]]''
| Indu
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kavirayani |first=Suresh |date=31 August 2014 |title=Movie Review 'Rabhasa': NTR Jr shines in dull film |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140831/entertainment-movie-review/article/movie-review-rabhasa-ntr-jr-shines-dull-film |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030065614/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140831/entertainment-movie-review/article/movie-review-rabhasa-ntr-jr-shines-dull-film |archive-date=30 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Anjaan (2014 film)|Anjaan]]''
| Jeeva
| rowspan="2" | Tamil
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=17 August 2014 |title=Movie Review 'Anjaan': It's Suriya's show all the way |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140816/entertainment-movie-review/article/movie-review-anjaan-its-suriyas-show-all-way |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030064520/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140816/entertainment-movie-review/article/movie-review-anjaan-its-suriyas-show-all-way |archive-date=30 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Kaththi]]''
|| Ankitha
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=24 October 2014 |title=Movie review Kaththi: A little too preachy |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/141023/entertainment-kollywood/article/movie-review-kaththi |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030064718/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/141023/entertainment-kollywood/article/movie-review-kaththi |archive-date=30 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2015
! scope="row" | ''[[S/O Satyamurthy]]''
|| Sameera / Subbalakshmi
| Telugu
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=10 April 2015 |title=S/O Satyamurthy: To keep up a father's honour |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/so-satyamurthy-review/article7089242.ece |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150410162703/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/so-satyamurthy-review/article7089242.ece |archive-date=10 April 2015}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[10 Endrathukulla]]''
| Shakila and Gadgi Moi{{efn|name=dual|}}
| rowspan="5" | Tamil
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rangan |first=Baradwaj |author-link=Baradwaj Rangan |date=21 October 2015 |title=10 Enradhukulla: A slipshod road movie |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/10-enradhukulla-a-slipshod-road-movie/article7790285.ece |url-status=live |access-date=19 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505013158/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/10-enradhukulla-a-slipshod-road-movie/article7790285.ece |archive-date=5 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bad girls of K-town |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/bad-girls-of-k-town-imagegallery-6-kollywood-rirkf0hbcifad.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331034425/http://www.sify.com/movies/bad-girls-of-k-town-imagegallery-6-kollywood-rirkf0hbcifad.html |archive-date=31 March 2018 |access-date=31 March 2018 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Thanga Magan (2015 film)|Thanga Magan]]''
|Yamuna Thamizh
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Srinivasan |first=Latha |date=18 December 2015 |title='Thanga Magan' review: The fine performances by Dhanush, Samantha and Amy Jackson make it a must-watch |work=[[Daily News and Analysis]] |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/review-thanga-magan-review-the-fine-performances-by-dhanush-samantha-and-amy-jackson-make-it-a-must-watch-2157344 |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030065346/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/review-thanga-magan-review-the-fine-performances-by-dhanush-samantha-and-amy-jackson-make-it-a-must-watch-2157344 |archive-date=30 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="6" |2016
! scope="row" | ''[[Bangalore Naatkal]]''
|Grace Francis
| Cameo
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Saraswathi |first=S. |date=5 February 2016 |title=Review: Bangalore Naatkal disappoints |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-bangalore-naatkal--disappoints/20160205.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627111439/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-bangalore-naatkal--disappoints/20160205.htm |archive-date=27 June 2017 |access-date=30 October 2017 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Theri (film)|Theri]]''
|| Mithra Vijaykumar||
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=15 April 2016 |title=Movie review Theri: Story revealed in the beginning of the film |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/150416/movie-review-theri-story-revealed-in-the-beginning-of-the-film.html |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030065748/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/150416/movie-review-theri-story-revealed-in-the-beginning-of-the-film.html |archive-date=30 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[24 (2016 film)|24]]''
| Sathyabhama "Sathya"
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bhaskaran |first=Gautaman |date=6 May 2016 |title=24 review: Suriya spins a fantasy with a magic watch |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/24-review-suriya-spins-a-fantasy-with-a-magic-watch/story-79vOqSFrqaE9Am0sZu44zH.html |url-status=live |access-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030065856/http://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/24-review-suriya-spins-a-fantasy-with-a-magic-watch/story-79vOqSFrqaE9Am0sZu44zH.html |archive-date=30 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Brahmotsavam (film)|Brahmotsavam]]''
| Brahma
| rowspan="4" | Telugu
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chowdhary |first=Y. Sunita |date=20 May 2016 |title=Brahmotsavam: Stale story, weak treatment |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/despite-a-huge-star-cast-and-good-performances-the-movie-meanders-in-a-meaningless-way/article8625503.ece |url-status=live |access-date=12 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208004349/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/despite-a-huge-star-cast-and-good-performances-the-movie-meanders-in-a-meaningless-way/article8625503.ece |archive-date=8 February 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[A Aa]]''
| Anasuya Ramalingam
| 25th Film
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keramalu |first=Karthik |date=3 June 2016 |title='A Aa' Review: Trivikram's Latest Falls Short on Expectations |url=http://www.news18.com/news/movies/a-aa-review-trivikrams-latest-falls-short-on-expectations-1251556.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030070543/http://www.news18.com/news/movies/a-aa-review-trivikrams-latest-falls-short-on-expectations-1251556.html |archive-date=30 October 2017 |access-date=30 October 2017 |website=[[News18]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Janatha Garage]]''
| Bujji
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 September 2016 |title=Janatha Garage review: Mohanlal, NTR set the screen on fire |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/janatha-garage-review-mohanlal-ntr-set-the-screen-on-fire-review-Tamil-qjbnnqjhifgaj.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716100325/http://www.sify.com/movies/janatha-garage-review-mohanlal-ntr-set-the-screen-on-fire-review-Tamil-qjbnnqjhifgaj.html |archive-date=16 July 2017 |access-date=13 November 2017 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2017
! scope="row" | ''[[Raju Gari Gadhi 2]]''
| Amrutha
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sundar |first=Priyanka |date=14 October 2017 |title=Raju Gari Gadhi 2 movie review: This Samantha Akkineni and Nagarjuna starrer is not scary, just funny |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/raju-gari-gadhi-2-movie-review-nagarjuna-samantha-akkineni-film-is-high-on-comedy-low-on-horror/story-8H2idklQ5gIVGl2qKz8cbM.html |url-status=live |access-date=19 November 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20171119045903/http://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/raju-gari-gadhi-2-movie-review-nagarjuna-samantha-akkineni-film-is-high-on-comedy-low-on-horror/story-8H2idklQ5gIVGl2qKz8cbM.html |archive-date=19 November 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Mersal (film)|Mersal]]''
| Tara
| Tamil
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sundar |first=Priyanka |date=18 October 2017 |title=Mersal movie review: For Vijay and his fans, Atlee has delivered a celebratory film |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/mersal-movie-review-what-is-better-than-one-vijay-three-vijays/story-CdvJzyDYEXgEpCmCBDY42N.html |url-status=live |access-date=19 October 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20171019051945/http://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/mersal-movie-review-what-is-better-than-one-vijay-three-vijays/story-CdvJzyDYEXgEpCmCBDY42N.html |archive-date=19 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" |2018
! scope="row" | ''[[Rangasthalam]]''
| Rama Lakshmi
| rowspan="2" |Telugu
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=H. Hooli |first=Shekhar |date=30 March 2018 |title=Rangasthalam review: Critics wowed by Sukumar's script, Ram Charan & Samantha's performances |work=International Business Times |location=India |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rangasthalam-review-critics-wowed-by-sukumars-script-ram-charan-samanthas-performances-765378 |url-status=live |access-date=30 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330143829/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rangasthalam-review-critics-wowed-by-sukumars-script-ram-charan-samanthas-performances-765378 |archive-date=30 March 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Mahanati]]''
| Madhuravani
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=9 May 2018 |title='Mahanati' review: celebration of a legend |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/mahanati-review-nag-ashwins-work-of-passion-doffs-its-hat-to-savitri/article23823395.ece |url-status=live |access-date=9 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510035636/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/mahanati-review-nag-ashwins-work-of-passion-doffs-its-hat-to-savitri/article23823395.ece |archive-date=10 May 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Irumbu Thirai (2018 film)|Irumbu Thirai]]''
| Dr. Rathi Devi
| rowspan="4" | Tamil

|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pillai |first=Sreedhar |date=11 May 2018 |title=Irumbu Thirai movie review: Not Vishal or Samantha, Arjun's taut performance is the highlight of this patchy thriller |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/irumbu-thirai-movie-review-not-vishal-or-samantha-arjuns-taut-performance-is-the-highlight-of-this-patchy-thriller-4465673.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511135413/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/irumbu-thirai-movie-review-not-vishal-or-samantha-arjuns-taut-performance-is-the-highlight-of-this-patchy-thriller-4465673.html |archive-date=11 May 2018 |access-date=11 May 2018 |website=Firstpost}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Seemaraja]]''
| Sudhanthira Selvi (Silambu Selvi)
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Suganth |first=M. |date=13 September 2018 |title=Seemaraja Movie Review |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/seemaraja/movie-review/65793941.cms |url-status=live |access-date=13 September 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180913090354/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/seemaraja/movie-review/65793941.cms |archive-date=13 September 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[U Turn (2018 film)|U Turn]]''
| Rachana
| Bilingual film; Shot Simultaneously in Telugu
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Menon |first=Thinkal |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/u-turn/movie-review/65795962.cms |title=U Turn Movie Review |date=13 September 2018 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=13 September 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180913091131/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/u-turn/movie-review/65795962.cms |archive-date=13 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Yellapantula |first=Suhas |date=13 September 2018 |title=U Turn Movie Review |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/u-turn/movie-review/65796543.cms |url-status=live |access-date=13 September 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180913101533/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/u-turn/movie-review/65796543.cms |archive-date=13 September 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" | 2019
! scope="row" | ''[[Super Deluxe (film)|Super Deluxe]]''
| Vaembu
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Srivatsan |first=S |date=29 March 2019 |title='Super Deluxe' review: an unusual film with an assortment of quirky characters |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/super-deluxe-review-believe-the-hype/article26671414.ece |url-status=live |access-date=29 March 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190329050738/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/super-deluxe-review-believe-the-hype/article26671414.ece |archive-date=29 March 2019 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Majili]]''
| Sravani
| rowspan="5" | Telugu
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |last=Yellapantula |first=Suhas |date=5 April 2019 |title=Majili Movie Review |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/majili/movie-review/68735844.cms |url-status=live |access-date=11 April 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190411032443/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/majili/movie-review/68735844.cms |archive-date=11 April 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Oh! Baby (2019 film)|Oh! Baby]]''
|Savithri / B. Swathi "Baby"
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 July 2019 |title=Oh Baby movie review: Samantha Akkineni thrives in this fantasy comedy |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/oh-baby-movie-review-rating-samantha-akkineni-5816997/ |url-status=live |access-date=5 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705133621/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/oh-baby-movie-review-rating-samantha-akkineni-5816997/ |archive-date=5 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=5 July 2019 |title='Oh! Baby' review: When life gives her a second chance |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/oh-baby-review-nandini-reddys-film-is-a-joyous-ode-to-the-older-generation-led-by-a-brilliant-samantha/article28292382.ece |url-status=live |access-date=5 July 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190705065927/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/oh-baby-review-nandini-reddys-film-is-a-joyous-ode-to-the-older-generation-led-by-a-brilliant-samantha/article28292382.ece |archive-date=5 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Manmadhudu 2]]''
| Architecture student
| Cameo
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 April 2019 |title=Surprise! Samantha Akkineni confirms her cameo in Nagarjuna's 'Manmadhudu 2' |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/surprise-samantha-akkineni-confirms-her-cameo-in-nagarjunas-manmadhudu-2/articleshow/68907911.cms |url-status=live |access-date=16 April 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190503111956/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/surprise-samantha-akkineni-confirms-her-cameo-in-nagarjunas-manmadhudu-2/articleshow/68907911.cms |archive-date=3 May 2019}}</ref>
|-
| 2020
! scope="row" | ''[[Jaanu (2020 film)|Jaanu]]''
| Janaki Devi "Jaanu"
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2020 |title=Jaanu movie review and release Live Updates: Samantha Akkineni and Sharwanand are winning hearts |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/jaanu-movie-review-and-release-live-updates-6255290/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200207072759/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/jaanu-movie-review-and-release-live-updates-6255290/ |archive-date=7 February 2020 |access-date=7 February 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref>
|-
|2021
! scope="row" |''[[Pushpa: The Rise]]''
| Dancer
| Special appearance in the song "[[Oo Antava Oo Oo Antava]]"
| style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 November 2021 |title=Samantha Ruth Prabhu sizzles in first look of Pushpa: The Rise special song – Telugu News |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/samantha-to-shoot-for-pushpa-soon-telugu-news-301150 |access-date=15 November 2021 |website=IndiaGlitz.com |archive-date=15 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115141203/https://www.indiaglitz.com/samantha-to-shoot-for-pushpa-soon-telugu-news-301150 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2022
! scope="row" |''[[Kaathuvaakula Rendu Kaadhal]]''
| Khatija Begum
| Tamil
|
| style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 December 2020 |title=Kaathu Vaakula Rendu Kaadhal shoot begins |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kaathu-vaakula-rendu-kaadhal-shoot-begins/articleshow/79657613.cms |access-date=19 December 2020 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418080408/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kaathu-vaakula-rendu-kaadhal-shoot-begins/articleshow/79657613.cms |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Yashoda (film)|Yashoda]]''
|Yashoda
| rowspan="5" |Telugu
|
|style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Samantha wraps up first schedule of Yashoda |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2021/dec/25/samantha-wraps-up-first-schedule-of-yashoda-28643.html |date=25 December 2021 |website=Cinema Express |publisher=CE Features |quote=We're making this Telugu-Tamil film uncompromisingly. |access-date=28 June 2022 |archive-date=8 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220508124643/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2021/dec/25/samantha-wraps-up-first-schedule-of-yashoda-28643.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2023
! scope="row"|''[[Shaakuntalam]]''
|[[Shakuntala]]
|
| style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 August 2021 |title=Samantha wraps up Shaakuntalam, thanks Gunasekhar for making her believe in fairytales |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/samantha-wraps-up-shaakuntalam-thanks-gunasekhar-for-making-her-believe-in-fairytales-1840185-2021-08-12 |access-date=12 August 2021 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=12 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812170949/https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/movies/regional-cinema/story/samantha-wraps-up-shaakuntalam-thanks-gunasekhar-for-making-her-believe-in-fairytales-1840185-2021-08-12 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Kushi (2023 film)|Kushi]]''
| Aradhya Rao
|
| style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 April 2022 |title=Samantha Ruth Prabhu reunites with Vijay Deverakonda for Shiva Nirvana's film, fans are 'madly waiting for this pair' |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/samantha-ruth-prabhu-reunites-with-vijay-deverakonda-for-shiva-nirvana-s-film-fans-are-madly-waiting-for-this-pair-101650551446960.html |access-date=22 April 2022 |archive-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421214744/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/samantha-ruth-prabhu-reunites-with-vijay-deverakonda-for-shiva-nirvana-s-film-fans-are-madly-waiting-for-this-pair-101650551446960-amp.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2025
! scope="row" | ''[[Subham]]''
| Maya Matasri
| Cameo appearance; Also producer
| style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2025|title=Subham trailer: Samantha Ruth Prabhu's cameo and crazy plot point stand out |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/subham-trailer-samantha-ruth-prabhus-cameo-and-crazy-plot-point-stand-out/f70e914cf745 |access-date=27 April 2025 |website=OTTPlay}}</ref>
|-
|2026
| {{pending film|Maa Inti Bangaaram}}
| {{TableTBA}}
| Also producer
| style="text-align: center;" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2025|title= Exclusive: Samantha’s ‘Maa Inti Bangaram’ To Have A Divine Connection |url= https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/exclusive-samanthas-maa-inti-bangaram-to-have-a-divine-connection-1915984 |access-date=10 November 2025 }}</ref>
|-
|}

== Television ==
{{pending series key}}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+ {{sronly|List of Samantha Ruth Prabhu television credits}}
|-
! scope=col | Year
! scope=col | Title
! scope=col | Role
! scope=col | Platform
! scope=col | Language
! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Notes
! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Refh}}
|-
|2020
! scope="row" | ''[[Bigg Boss (Telugu season 4)|Bigg Boss Season 4]]''
|Host
|[[Star Maa]]
|rowspan="2" |[[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|[[Dusshera]] special episode
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2020 |first=Janani |last=K. |title=Samantha promises enjoyment as she turns host for Bigg Boss Telugu 4. Watch Nagarjuna's reaction |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/samantha-promises-enjoyment-as-she-turns-host-for-bigg-boss-telugu-4-watch-nagarjuna-s-reaction-1734859-2020-10-25|access-date=25 October 2020 |website=India Today |language=en|archive-date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026140244/https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/samantha-promises-enjoyment-as-she-turns-host-for-bigg-boss-telugu-4-watch-nagarjuna-s-reaction-1734859-2020-10-25|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2020–2021
! scope="row" |''[[Sam Jam]]''
|Host
|[[Aha (streaming service)|Aha]]
|Talk show
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Samantha Akkineni to host a talk show for Aha |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/news/2020/nov/06/samantha-akkineni-to-host-a-talk-show-for-aha-21181.html|access-date=6 November 2020 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=6 November 2020 |language=en|archive-date=6 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106133537/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/news/2020/nov/06/samantha-akkineni-to-host-a-talk-show-for-aha-21181.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 2021
! scope="row" | ''[[The Family Man (Indian TV series)|The Family Man: Season 2]]''
| Rajalekshmi "Raji" Sekharan
|rowspan="2" | [[Amazon Prime Video]]
|rowspan="3" |[[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| Season 2
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/the-family-man-season-2-samantha-akkineni-to-make-her-web-debut-with-manoj-bajpayee-show-1623363-2019-11-28 |title=The Family Man Season 2: Samantha Akkineni to make her web debut with Manoj Bajpayee show |date=28 November 2019 |work=[[India Today]] |access-date=28 November 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191128114522/https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/the-family-man-season-2-samantha-akkineni-to-make-her-web-debut-with-manoj-bajpayee-show-1623363-2019-11-28 |archive-date=28 November 2019}}</ref>
|-
| 2024
! scope="row" | ''[[Citadel: Honey Bunny]]''
| Hanimandakini "Honey" Raj
|
|<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Madhumanti Pait |title=Samantha Ruth Prabhu Wraps Citadel : "The Family I Didn't Know I Needed" |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/samantha-ruth-prabhu-wraps-citadel-the-family-i-didnt-know-i-needed-4204348 |access-date=30 July 2023 |work=[[NDTV]] |date=13 July 2023 |archive-date=30 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730122634/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/samantha-ruth-prabhu-wraps-citadel-the-family-i-didnt-know-i-needed-4204348 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Dishya |title=Samantha Wraps Citadel India Filming Amid Acting Break Rumours, Says 'It's a Special Day' |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/samantha-ruth-prabhu-wraps-citadel-india-filming-amid-acting-break-rumours-8320867.html |access-date=30 July 2023 |work=[[CNN-News18|News18]] |date=13 July 2023 |language=en |archive-date=30 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730122634/https://www.news18.com/movies/samantha-ruth-prabhu-wraps-citadel-india-filming-amid-acting-break-rumours-8320867.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| TBA
| {{pending series|italic=no| ''[[Rakt Brahmand: The Bloody Kingdom]]'' }}
| {{TableTBA}}
| [[Netflix]]
| Filming
|<ref>{{cite news |last=Singh |first=Kashvi Raj |title=Samantha Ruth Prabhu Kicks Off Shooting For Rakt Brahmand: 'Glad To Be Back' |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/samantha-ruth-prabhu-kicks-off-shooting-for-rakt-brahmand-glad-to-be-back-9057275.html |access-date=20 September 2024 |work=[[News18]] |date=20 September 2024}}</ref>
|}

== Music videos ==
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|+ {{sronly|List of Samantha Ruth Prabhu music video credits}}
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Composer
! scope="col" | Language
! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Refh}}
|-
| 2010
! scope="row" | "[[Semmozhiyaana Thamizh Mozhiyaam]]"
| [[A. R. Rahman]]
| Tamil
| style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/05/16/stories/2010051660120100.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100519120624/http://www.hindu.com/2010/05/16/stories/2010051660120100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 May 2010 |title=Front Page : Theme song launched for world classical Tamil meet |location=India |date=16 May 2010 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=5 November 2011}}</ref>
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of awards and nominations received by Samantha Ruth Prabhu]]

== Footnotes ==
{{notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=dual|Samantha played two characters.}}
}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|id=3606487|name=Samantha Ruth Prabhu}}

[[Category:Indian filmographies]]
[[Category:Actress filmographies]]

Masjid-e-Bilal

2026-02-27T11:00:36Z

Maleeha:

{{Short description|Mosque in Bangalore Urban, Karnataka, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{onesource|date=January 2017}}
{{about|the mosque in India|the similarly named mosque in Turkey|Bilal-i Habeşi Masjid}}
{{for|the mosque in Palestine|Rachel's Tomb}}
{{Infobox religious building
| name = Masjid-e-Bilal
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Masjid e Bilal BTM.jpg
| image_upright = 1.4
| alt =
| caption = The mosque, in 2015
| religious_affiliation = [[Islam]]
| tradition =
| sect =
| district = [[Bengaluru Urban]]
| prefecture =
| province =
| region =
| deity =
| rite =
| festival = 
| organisational_status = [[Mosque]]
| ownership =
| governing_body =
| leadership = Hazrath Maulana Mohammed Shakirulla Saheb {{small|([[Imam]])}}
| bhattaraka =
| patron =
| consecration_year =
| functional_status = Active
| religious_features_label =
| religious_features =
| location = Bannerghatta Road, [[Bangalore Urban]], [[Karnataka]]
| locale =
| municipality =
| cercle =
| state =
| country = [[India]]
| map_type = India Karnataka
| map_size = 250
| map_alt =
| map_relief = 1
| map_caption = Location of the mosque in [[Karnataka]]
| grid_name =
| grid_position =
| sector =
| territory =
| administration =
| coordinates = {{coord|12.920778|77.599592|region:IN-KA_type:landmark|format=dms|display=it}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| heritage_designation =
| architect =
| architecture_type = {{nowrap|[[Mosque architecture]]}}
| architecture_style = [[Ottoman architecture|Ottoman]]
| founded_by =
| creator =
| funded_by =
| general_contractor =
| established =
| groundbreaking =
| year_completed = 2015
| construction_cost =
| date_demolished = 
| facade_direction =
| capacity = 6,500 worshippers
| length =
| width =
| width_nave =
| interior_area =
| height_max =
| dome_quantity = Eleven
| dome_height_outer =
| dome_height_inner =
| dome_dia_outer =
| dome_dia_inner =
| minaret_quantity = Four
| minaret_height =
| spire_quantity =
| spire_height =
| site_area = {{cvt|42000|sqft|m2|order=flip}}
| temple_quantity =
| monument_quantity =
| shrine_quantity =
| inscriptions =
| materials =
| elevation_m = 
| elevation_footnotes =
| nrhp =
| designated =
| added =
| refnum =
| delisted1_date =
| website =
| module = 
| footnotes =
}}
The '''Masjid-e-Bilal''', also known as the '''Bilal Mosque''' and the '''Masjid Eidgah Bilal''' or the '''Eidgah Bilal Mosque''', is one of the largest [[mosque]]s of [[Bangalore Urban]], in the state of [[Karnataka]], India. The Turkish-style mosque on Bannerghatta Road was consecrated on 11 June 2015.

== Overview ==
The mosque sits on the corner of a traffic intersection on a popular thoroughfare of southern part of the city. [[Prestige Group]] developers undertook the construction which began in 2010 and was completed recently.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilal Mosque Bengaluru {{!}} Mosque in Karnataka |url=https://www.karnatakatourism.org/tour-item/bilal-mosque-bengaluru/ |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=Karnataka Tourism |language=en-GB}}</ref> At that time Janab Alhaj Habeeb Khan Saheb was president of this committee from 2004 to 2015. The mosque constructed at a cost of [[Rupee|Rs.]] 200,000,000 provides space for 6,500 people to pray at a time. A considerable portion of the cost was contributed by the Prestige Group.

The four story mosque was constructed on a portion of the {{convert|1.45|acre|ha|order=flip|adj=on}} Bilal Eidgah. The land was purchased in 1990 for the purpose of Eid congregation ground at a price of {{INR}} 10,000,000 from the Bangalore Development Authority. Local [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] and Ex transport Minister and Ex Home Minister of Karnataka [[Ramalinga Reddy]] helped the community to acquire the place.{{clarify|date=January 2017}}

Present president Alhaj Ashraf Saheb and secretary Alhaj Faiyaz Saheb told the ''Islamic Voice'' that the mosque occupies nearly {{convert|42000|sqft|m2|order=flip}}.{{citation needed|date=January 2017}} The Eidgah ground provides parking space for nearly 500 vehicles.

The mosque’s religious leadership includes Maulana Iqbal Rashadi (Imam), Maulana Mohammed Shakirulla Rashadi (Khatib), Maulana Abdul Razzaque Qasmi (Imam and Qazi), and Maulana Mukhtar Saheb (Muazzin).
Maulana Qasim Qureshi was the chief guest at the mosque's 2015 inauguration.{{cn|date=January 2025}}


== See also ==
{{stack|{{portal|India|Islam}}}}
* [[Islam in India]]
* [[List of mosques in India]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons cat-inline|Eidgah Bilal Mosque}}
* {{YouTube|Ib4f-hi3DZc|title=Bilal Masjid Bangalore {{!}} Aerial view {{!}} Dji Mavic Pro}}
* {{cite web |url=https://quranhouse.net/ |title=Quran House |work=Masjid-e-Bilal |url-access= |date= |access-date=14 January 2025 |archive-date=15 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115004702/https://quranhouse.net/ |url-status=dead }}

{{Mosques in India}}

[[Category:2015 establishments in India]]
[[Category:21st-century mosques in India]]
[[Category:Indo-Islamic mosques]]
[[Category:Mosque buildings with domes in India]]
[[Category:Mosque buildings with minarets in India]]
[[Category:Mosques completed in 2015]]
[[Category:Mosques in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Ottoman mosques in India]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Bengaluru]]

{{India-mosque-stub}}
[[Category:Mosques in Bengaluru]]

T. Ramaswamy Choudary

2026-02-26T07:15:37Z

Maleeha: small refined citations per sources

{{Short description|Indian lawyer and social reformer (1887–1943)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{multiple issues|
{{more footnotes|date=January 2019}}
{{COI|date=January 2012}}
}}

{{Infobox writer
| name = Tripuraneni Ramaswamy
| image = Tripuraneni Ramaswamy 1987 stamp of India.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt =
| caption = Tripuraneni Ramaswamy on a 1987 stamp of India
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 15 January 1887
| birth_place = [[Angaluru]], [[Krishna district]]
| death_date = 16 January 1943
| death_place = Tenali
| occupation =
| nationality = [[India]]n
| citizenship = [[India]]
| education = [[Bar at Law]]
| alma_mater = [[Noble College, Machilipatnam; Dublin University, Ireland]]
| period =
| genre = Lawyer, Playwright, Poet, Avadhanam
| subject =
| movement =
| notableworks = Kurukshetra Sangramam
| spouse = Punnamma
| partner =
| children = [[Tripuraneni Gopichand]], [[Tripuraneni Gokul Chand]], [[Chouda Rani]]
| relatives = [[Pitcheswara Rao Atluri]]
| awards =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website = {{url|blog.anilatluri.com/2005/12/85}}
| portaldisp =
}}

'''Tripuraneni Ramaswamy'''{{sfn|Ramaswamy, The Belief System of the Non-Brahmin Movement in India|1978|p=292}}<ref name=remembering>[https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/Remembering-lsquoKaviraju/article14686986.ece Remembering ‘Kaviraju'], ''The Hindu'', 17 April 2011.</ref> (1887–1943), also known as '''Tripuraneni Ramaswamy''', was a [[lawyer]], poet, [[playwright]] and reformer active among the [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-speaking people. He was popularly known as '''Kaviraju''' (the "king of poets"), a title given to him by the Andhra Mahasabha in 1929.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wy4KAQAAIAAJ|title=The Radical Humanist|date=1987|publisher=Maniben Kara|editor-last=Roy|editor-first=Manabendra Nath|volume=51|pages=7|language=en}}</ref>

Ramaswamy was part of a growing movement in [[India]] to reassess the [[culture of India]]. This movement included such people as [[Ram Mohan Roy]], [[Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar]], [[Ranade]], [[Dayananda Saraswati]], [[Kandukuri Veeresalingam]] and [[Gurazada Apparao]].

== Childhood and early years ==
Ramaswamy was born in the village of [[Angaluru]] in the [[Krishna District]] (present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]]) into a family of farmers. At the age of 23, he passed his [[Matriculation Examination]]. In the same year Ramaswamy wrote two plays: ''Karempudi Kadanam,'' based on the [[Palanadu]] battle, and ''Kurukshetra Sangramam,'' based on the [[Mahabharata]] war. In 1911, Ramaswamy joined the Noble College at [[Machilipatnam|Bandar]] to study for the [[Intermediate Course]]. In those years he displayed his literary skills and prodigious memory in his [[Avadhanam]].

In 1914, Ramaswamy went to [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]] and studied law as well as [[English Literature]] and modern [[European culture]] in [[Dublin]]. During this time, Ramaswamy wrote to [[Krishna Patrika]], a [[Telugu language|Telugu]] weekly appealing to Indians to support the [[Home Rule]] movement started by [[Annie Besant]]. He pleaded for [[Indian independence movement|India's independence]]. Ramaswamy wrote many patriotic songs during the independence movement.

After returning to India, Ramaswamy practiced law for some years, mostly in [[Tenali]] town. However, his main activity was directed towards social reforms. He launched a full-scale attack on [[Caste system in India|casteism]] and the [[Social justice|social injustices]] resulting from it.

==Literary career and public life==
Ramaswamy chose literary writing as the vehicle for expressing his rationalist thoughts, and he worked with his close friend Unnava Lakshminarayana, who was a renowned [[Telugu Brahmin]] Brahmo leader.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ramaswamy|first=Uma|date=1978|title=The Belief System of the Non-Brahmin Movement in India: The Andhra Case|journal=Asian Survey|volume=18|issue=3 |pages=294|doi=10.2307/2643221|jstor=2643221}}</ref>

His poetic work ''[[Kuppuswamy Satakam]]'' reveals the theme of social revolution and talks about social evils, blind faith and indignity to man. In his other works such as ''[[Sambhukavadha]]'', ''[[Suthapuranam]]'', ''[[Dhoortha maanava]]'', ''[[Khooni]]'', ''[[Bhagavadgita]]'', ''[[Rana Pratap]]'' and ''[[Kondaveeti pathanam]]'', Ramaswamy made a rational analysis of dogmas prescribed by ancient classics and the injustice these dogmas did to people belonging to the lower social orders. Moreover, Ramaswamy attacked discriminatory practices and fought against the idea of [[untouchability]].

Ramaswamy was against the traditional [[Hindu marriage]] ceremony which resulted in burdensome expenditure, especially among the poor. He prepared a simple procedure in Telugu called Vivaha Vidhi. He officiated at many marriages.

Ramaswamy was a patriot even when he was a student. He wrote a patriotic play ''Rana Pratap'', which was proscribed by the British government. He was an ardent lover of the [[Telugu language]] and culture and was proud of their history. He was an educationist and was a member of the senate of the [[Andhra University]] for three terms. Ramaswamy was awarded many honors and was popularly known as 'Kaviraju', a title conferred on him.

The Indian government issued a commemorative postage stamp with his picture in 1987, his centenary year.

==Children==
Among his children were [[Tripuraneni Gopichand]], who left his own mark on the [[Telugu language|Telugu]] literature. Ramaswamy's grandson and Gopichand's son, [[Sai Chand]] is an actor in [[Telugu cinema|Telugu film industry]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{Commons category|Tripuraneni Ramaswamy}}
* Ramaswamy Tripuraneni (1887–1943), Luminaries of 20th Century, Part 2, Potti Sreeramulu Telugu University, Hyderabad, 2005, pp: 552–3.
* {{citation |first=Uma |last=Ramaswamy |title=The Belief System of the Non-Brahmin Movement in India: The Andhra Case |journal=Asian Survey |volume=18 |number=3 |date=March 1978 |pages=290–300 |jstor=2643221 |ref={{sfnref|Ramaswamy, The Belief System of the Non-Brahmin Movement in India|1978}} |doi=10.2307/2643221}}
* {{citation |first=Yamada |last=Keiko |title=Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra |journal=The Indian Economic and Social History Review |volume=45 |number=3 |year=2008 |pages=353–380 |doi=10.1177/001946460804500302 |s2cid=145663799 }}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramaswamy ChoWdary, Tripuraneni}}
[[Category:1887 births]]
[[Category:1943 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian social reformers]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Andhra University]]
[[Category:Poets from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Telugu poets]]
[[Category:People from Krishna district]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Activists from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]

Duke of Goa

2026-02-25T09:08:15Z

Maleeha:

{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox noble house
| surname = Dukedom of Goa
| estate =
| parent house = Vila Verde
| coat of arms = [[File:Coronet of a Duke - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|100px]] [[File:Armas duques albuquerque.png|100px]]
| country = [[Portugal]]
| titles = Duke of Goa
| current head =
| founder = [[Afonso de Albuquerque]]
| final ruler = Brás de Albuquerque
| founding year = 1515
| deposition = 1581
}}
The title '''Duke of Goa''' ({{langx|pt|Duque de Goa}}) ([[Konkani language|Konkani]]: Goemtchô Duque) was the first Portuguese ducal title given outside the royal family, and the first Portuguese noble title to be granted to a Portuguese territory overseas, [[Goa]].

== History ==
The title was bestowed upon [[Afonso de Albuquerque]], the second [[Viceroy of India]], by the Portuguese King [[Manuel I of Portugal|Manuel I]] in 1515 as a reward for his outstanding service to the [[Portuguese Empire]]. This was the first ducal title granted outside the royal family and the first title that refers to land overseas. The Casa Ducal de Goa was the most important and richest of noble houses of its time in the sixteenth century, shortly behind the ducal houses on the Crown and the House of Braganza.<ref>{{cite book|author=Afonso Brás de Albuquerque|title=Comentários do grande Afonso de Albuquerque, capitão geral que foi das Indias orientais em tempo do rei D. Manuel I|publisher=Imprensa Nacional|year=1926}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Edgar Prestage|title=Afonso de Albuquerque, governor of India : his life, conquests and administration |publisher=Watford|year=1929}}</ref>

Having no legitimate children, Afonso de Albuquerque, before leaving for his term as governor in India, provided for the legitimacy of his only natural son Brás de Albuquerque, which was granted by the Crown in 1506. In India, he wrote to ask King Manuel I that all the honors for himself deserved to be granted to his son Brás de Albuquerque, instituting him as his sole heir. Before the death of Afonso de Albuquerque in 1515, the King showered honors and riches on Brás de Albuquerque, granting him the Duchy of Goa and the title of Dom, although determining that Brás would add Afonso to his baptismal name in honor of the former Viceroy.

The title and house would soon become extinct with Afonso's son, Brás de Albuquerque, who would die without male heirs. A law at the time, the [[:pt:Lei Mental|Mental Law]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Infopédia |title=lei Mental - Infopédia |url=https://www.infopedia.pt/artigos/$lei-mental |access-date=2026-02-15 |website=Dicionários infopédia da Porto Editora |language=pt}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=O Portal da História - D. Duarte |url=https://www.arqnet.pt/portal/portugal/temashistoria/duarte.html |access-date=2026-02-15 |website=www.arqnet.pt}}</ref>, meant that property of the crown could only be inherited by the first-born male heir.<ref>{{cite book|author=João Estevão Pinto|title=Afonso de Albuquerque|publisher=SNI|year=1948}}</ref>

== Title holders ==
# [[Afonso de Albuquerque|D. Afonso de Albuquerque]], ''the Great'', Viceroy of India and 1st Duke of Goa (1450-1515)
# D. Brás Afonso de Albuquerque, 2nd Duke of Goa (1501-1581)

==See also==
*[[Dukedoms of Portugal]]
*[[Afonso de Albuquerque]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*"Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil". Published by Zairol Lda., Lisbon 1989.
*[http://memoria-africa.ua.pt/searchRecords/tabid/166/language/pt-PT/Default.aspx?q=TI%20afonso%20de%20albuquerque Memórias de Africa e do Oriente (In Portuguese)]

[[Category:Portuguese noble families]]
[[Category:Dukedoms of Portugal|Braganza]]
[[Category:1515 establishments in the Portuguese Empire]]

Sea turtle

2026-02-23T19:05:06Z

Maleeha: slightly corrected references as per guidelines additionally and improved wording

{{Short description|Reptiles of the superfamily Chelonioidea}}
{{pp-semi-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Sea turtles
| fossil_range = [[Early Cretaceous]] – [[Holocene]],<ref name=hirTong2003>{{cite journal |author1=Hirayama R |author2=Tong H |year=2003 |doi=10.1111/1475-4983.00322 |title=''Osteopygis'' (Testudines: Cheloniidae) from the Lower Tertiary of the Ouled Abdoun phosphate basin, Morocco |journal=Palaeontology |volume=46 |issue=5 |pages=845–56|doi-access=free |bibcode=2003Palgy..46..845H }}</ref> {{fossilrange|110|0}}
| image = Chelonia mydas is going for the air edit.jpg
| image_caption = A [[green sea turtle]], a species of the sea turtle superfamily
| display_parents = 2
| taxon = Chelonioidea
| authority = Bauer, 1893<ref name="Rhodin11" />
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision =
* [[Dermochelyidae]]
* [[Cheloniidae]]
* †[[Ctenochelyidae]]
| synonyms = Chelonii - Oppel, 1811
 Chlonopteria - Rafinesque, 1814
 Cheloniae - Schmid, 1819
 Edigitata - Haworth, 1825
 Oiacopodae - Wagler, 1828
 Pterodactyli - Mayer, 1849
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="Rhodin11">{{cite journal |url=http://www.iucn-tftsg.org/wp-content/uploads/file/Accounts/crm_5_000_checklist_v4_2011.pdf |title=Turtles of the world, 2011 update: Annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution and conservation status |journal=Chelonian Research Monographs |volume=5 |date=2011-12-31 |author1=Rhodin, Anders G.J. |author2=van Dijk, Peter Paul |author3=Inverson, John B. |author4=Shaffer, H. Bradley |author5=Roger, Bour |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131102839/http://www.iucn-tftsg.org/wp-content/uploads/file/Accounts/crm_5_000_checklist_v4_2011.pdf |archive-date=2012-01-31 }}</ref>
}}

'''Sea turtles''' (superfamily '''Chelonioidea'''), sometimes called '''marine turtles''',<ref>{{cite book|title=Conservation Genetics |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=XHKpPwAACAAJ}}|last1=Avise |first1=J. C. |last2=Hamrick |first2=J. L. |publisher=Springer |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-412-05581-2}}</ref> are reptiles of the order [[Testudines]] and of the suborder [[Cryptodira]]. The seven existing species of sea turtles are the [[flatback sea turtle|flatback]], [[green sea turtle|green]], [[hawksbill sea turtle|hawksbill]], [[leatherback sea turtle|leatherback]], [[loggerhead sea turtle|loggerhead]], [[Kemp's ridley sea turtle|Kemp's ridley]], and [[olive ridley sea turtle|olive ridley]].<ref name=":12">{{cite web|title = Sea Turtles :: NOAA Fisheries|url = http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/|website = www.nmfs.noaa.gov|access-date = 2015-12-20|language = en-us|first = NOAA|last = Fisheries}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.seaturtlestatus.org/meet-the-turtles|title=Sea Turtle Species|website=The State of the World's Sea Turtles|access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref> Five of the seven species are listed as threatened with extinction globally on the [[IUCN Red List]] of Threatened Species. The remaining two are not considered to be threatened with extinction, one of which, the flatback turtle, is found only in the waters of Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia.<ref name="flatback-article">{{cite web|url=https://www.seaturtlestatus.org/articles/2009/1/27/the-flatback-australias-own-sea-turtle|title=The Flatback: Australia's Own Sea Turtle|website=The State of the World's Sea Turtles|access-date=30 October 2023|date=2023-10-30}}</ref><ref name=":23">{{cite book |url=https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12889 |title=Assessment of Sea-Turtle Status and Trends: Integrating Demography and Abundance |date=2010 |publisher=National Academies Press |isbn=978-0-309-15255-6 |doi=10.17226/12889}}{{pn|date=November 2022}}</ref>

Sea turtles can be categorized as hard-shelled ([[Cheloniidae|cheloniid]]) or leathery-shelled ([[Dermochelyidae|dermochelyid]]).<ref name=":24">Wyneken, J. 2001. The Anatomy of Sea Turtles. U.S Department of Commerce NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-470, 1-172 pp.</ref> The only dermochelyid species of sea turtle is the leatherback.<ref name=":24" />

[[File:Chelonioidea - aquarium - kanagawa - 2025 3 21.webm|thumb|A sea turtle swimming in an aquarium in [[Japan]], 2025]]
== Description ==

For each of the seven species of sea turtles, females and males are the same size. As adults, it is possible to tell male turtles from female turtles by their long tails with a cloacal opening near the tip. Adult female sea turtles have shorter tails, with a cloacal opening near the base. Hatchling and sub-adult turtles do not exhibit [[sexual dimorphism]]; it is not possible to determine their sex by looking at them.<ref name="SWOT">{{cite web|url=https://www.seaturtlestatus.org/articles/2020/2/27/how-to-tell-if-a-turtle-is-male-or-female|title=How to Tell if a Sea Turtle is Male or Female|website=The State of the World's Sea Turtles|access-date=30 October 2023|date=2023-10-23}}</ref>

In general, sea turtles have a more [[fusiform]] body plan than their [[Terrestrial animal|terrestrial]] or freshwater counterparts. This tapering at both ends reduces volume and means that sea turtles cannot retract their head and limbs into their shells for protection, unlike many other turtles and tortoises.<ref name="defenders">{{cite web|url=http://www.defenders.org/sea-turtles/basic-facts|title=Sea Turtles|website=Defenders of Wildlife|access-date=15 October 2015|date=2012-03-20}}</ref> However, the streamlined body plan reduces friction and drag in the water and allows sea turtles to swim more easily and swiftly.

The leatherback sea turtle is the largest sea turtle, reaching 1.4 to more than 1.8 [[Metre|m]] (4.6 to 5.9 ft) in length and weighing between 300 and 640 [[Kilogram|kg]] (661 to 1,411 lbs).<ref name="Leatherback Turtle">{{cite web|url=https://www.seaturtlestatus.org/leatherback-turtle|title=Leatherback Turtle|website=The State of the World's Sea Turtles|access-date=30 October 2023|date=2023-10-30}}</ref> Other sea turtle species are smaller, ranging from as little as 60 cm (2 ft) long in the case of the Kemp's ridley, which is the smallest sea turtle species, to 120 cm (3.9 ft) long in the case of the green turtle, the second largest.<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.turtlehospital.org/sea-turtle-species/|title=Sea Turtle Species|website=turtlehospital|access-date=29 August 2015}}</ref>

The skulls of sea turtles have cheek regions that are enclosed in bone.<ref name="Jonesetal2012">{{Cite journal|last1=Jones|first1=MEH|last2=Werneburg|first2=I|last3=Curtis|first3=N|last4=Penrose|first4=RN|last5=O'Higgins|first5=P|last6=Fagan|first6=M|last7=Evans|first7=SE|date=2012 |title=The head and neck anatomy of sea turtles (Cryptodira: Chelonioidea) and skull shape in Testudines|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=7|issue=11|article-number=e47852|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0047852|pmid=23144831|pmc=3492385|bibcode=2012PLoSO...747852J|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Chatterjietal2020">{{Cite journal|last1=Chatterji|first1=RM|last2=Hutchinson|first2=MN|last3=Jones|first3=MEH|date=2020 |title=Redescription of the skull of the Australian flatback sea turtle, ''Natator depressus'', provides new morphological evidence for phylogenetic relationships among sea turtles(Chelonioidea) |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=191|issue=4|pages=1090–1113|doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa071}}</ref> Although this condition appears to resemble that found in the earliest known fossil reptiles (anapsids), it is possible it is a more recently evolved trait in sea turtles, placing them outside the anapsids.<ref name="Zardoyaetal1998">{{Cite journal|last1=Zardoya|first1=R|last2=Meyer|first2=A|date=1998 |title=Complete mitochondrial genome suggests diapsid affinities of turtles |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=95|issue=24|pages=14226–14231|doi=10.1073/pnas.95.24.14226|pmid=9826682|pmc=24355|bibcode=1998PNAS...9514226Z|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Jonesetal2012"/>

==Taxonomy and evolution==
Sea turtles, along with other turtles and tortoises, are part of the order [[Turtle|Testudines]]. All species except the leatherback sea turtle are in the family [[Cheloniidae]]. The superfamily name Chelonioidea and family name Cheloniidae are based on the [[Ancient Greek]] word for tortoise: {{lang|grc|χελώνη}} (''{{transliteration|grc|khelōnē}}'').<ref>{{LSJ|xelw/nh|χελώνη|ref}}</ref> The leatherback sea turtle is the only extant member of the family [[Dermochelyidae]].

Fossil evidence of marine turtles goes back to the [[Late Jurassic]] (150 million years ago) with genera such as ''[[Plesiochelys]]'', from Europe. In Africa, the first marine turtle is ''[[Angolachelys]]'', from the Turonian of Angola.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Mateus|title=The oldest African eucryptodiran turtle from the Cretaceous of Angola|journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica|date=2009|volume=54|issue=4|pages=581–588|display-authors=etal|doi=10.4202/app.2008.0063|s2cid=55919209|url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/203067/files/PAL_E3914.pdf|doi-access=free |bibcode=2009AcPaP..54..581M }}</ref> A lineage of unrelated marine testudines, the [[pleurodire]] (side-necked) [[bothremydids]], also survived well into the Cenozoic. Other pleurodires are also thought to have lived at sea, such as ''[[Araripemys]]''<ref>Kischlat, E.-E & Campos, D. de 1990. Some osteological aspects of Araripemys barretoi Price, 1973 (Chelonii, Pleurodira, Araripemydidae). In Atas do I Simpósio sobre a Bacia do Araripe e Bacias Interiores do Nordeste Crato, 14 a 16 de junho de 1990, pp. 387–395.</ref> and extinct [[Pelomedusidae|pelomedusid]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ferreira |first1=Gabriel S. |last2=Rincón |first2=Ascanio D. |last3=Solórzano |first3=Andrés |last4=Langer |first4=Max C. |date=June 30, 2015 |title=The last marine pelomedusoids (Testudines: Pleurodira): a new species of Bairdemys and the paleoecology of Stereogenyina |journal=PeerJ |volume=3 |article-number=e1063 |doi=10.7717/peerj.1063 |pmc=4493680 |pmid=26157628 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2015PeerJ...3e1063F }}</ref> Modern sea turtles are not descended from more than one of the groups of sea-going turtles that have existed in the past; they instead constitute a single radiation that became distinct from all other turtles at least 110 million years ago.<ref>{{cite web |title=Meet the Turtles {{!}} SWOT |url=http://www.seaturtlestatus.org/learn/meet-the-turtles |access-date=2017-09-20 |website=www.seaturtlestatus.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=An Introduction to Sea Turtles |url=http://seaturtlestatus.org/sites/swot/files/061810_SWOT1_p04_IntroSeaTurtles.pdf |journal=SWOT}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kear |first1=Benjamin P |date=22 March 2006 |title=A primitive protostegid from Australia and early sea turtle evolution |journal=Biology Letters |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=116–119 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2005.0406 |pmc=1617175 |pmid=17148342}}</ref> Their closest extant relatives are in fact the [[Chelydridae|snapping turtles]] (Chelydridae), [[Kinosternidae|musk turtles]] (Kinosternidae), and [[hickatee]] ([[Dermatemydidae|Dermatemyidae]]) of the Americas, which alongside the sea turtles constitute the clade [[Americhelydia]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gable |first1=Simone M. |last2=Byars |first2=Michael I. |last3=Literman |first3=Robert |last4=Tollis |first4=Marc |title=A Genomic Perspective on the Evolutionary Diversification of Turtles |journal=Systematic Biology |date=2022 |volume=71 |issue=6 |pages=1331–1347 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/syac019 |pmid=35253878 |biorxiv=10.1101/2021.10.14.464421 }}</ref>

The oldest possible representative of the lineage ([[Panchelonioidea]]) leading to modern sea turtles was possibly ''[[Desmatochelys padillai]]'' from the Early Cretaceous. ''Desmatochelys'' was a [[Protostegidae|protostegid]], a lineage that would later give rise to some very large species but went extinct at the end of the Cretaceous. Presently thought to be outside the [[crown group]] that contains modern sea turtles (Chelonioidea), the exact relationships of protostegids to modern sea turtles are still debated due to their primitive morphology; they may be the [[sister group]] to the Chelonoidea, or an unrelated turtle lineage that [[Convergent evolution|convergently evolved]] similar adaptations.<ref>{{Cite thesis |title=The Evolution of Sea Turtles |url=https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/handle/2440/134280 |date=2021 |degree=Thesis |language=en |first=Ray |last=Chatterji}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goulart |first=Isabella Vasconcellos |date=2021-01-13 |title=Evaluation of Panchelonioidea (Testudines: Cryptodira) evolution based on phylogenetic morphometrics |url=https://locus.ufv.br//handle/123456789/27977 |journal=Locus}}</ref> The earliest "true" sea turtle that is known from fossils is ''[[Nichollsemys]]'' from the Early Cretaceous ([[Albian]]) of [[Canada]]. In 2022, the giant fossil species ''[[Leviathanochelys]]'' was described from [[Spain]]. This species inhabited the oceans covering Europe in the Late Cretaceous and rivaled the concurrent giant protostegids such as ''[[Archelon]]'' and ''[[Protostega]]'' as one of the largest turtles to ever exist. Unlike the protostegids, which have an uncertain relationship to modern sea turtles, ''Leviathanochelys'' is thought to be a true sea turtle of the superfamily Chelonioidea.<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal |last1=Castillo-Visa |first1=Oscar |last2=Luján |first2=Àngel H. |last3=Galobart |first3=Àngel |last4=Sellés |first4=Albert |date=November 2022 |title=A gigantic bizarre marine turtle (Testudines: Chelonioidea) from the Middle Campanian (Late Cretaceous) of South-western Europe |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=12 |issue=1 |page=18322 |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-22619-w |pmid=36396968 |pmc=9671902 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1218322C |s2cid=253584457 |issn=2045-2322}}</ref>

Sea turtles' limbs and brains have evolved to adapt to their diets. Their limbs originally evolved for locomotion, but more recently evolved to aid them in feeding. They use their limbs to hold, swipe, and forage their food. This helps them eat more efficiently.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newswise.com/articles/sea-turtles-use-flippers-to-manipulate-food |title=Sea Turtles Use Flippers to Manipulate Food |publisher=Newswise.com |access-date=2018-09-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/03/180328083421.htm | title=Sea turtles use flippers to manipulate food}}</ref>

=== Phylogeny ===

The phylogenetic relationships of living and extinct sea turtles in the Chelonioidea are based on Evers et al. (2019):<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Evers|first1=Serjoscha W.|last2=Barrett|first2=Paul M.|last3=Benson|first3=Roger B. J.|date=May 2019 |title=Anatomy of ''Rhinochelys pulchriceps'' (Protostegidae) and marine adaptation during the early evolution of chelonioids |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |article-number=e6811 |doi=10.7717/peerj.6811 |issn=2167-8359 |pmc=6500378 |pmid=31106054 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2019PeerJ...7e6811E }}</ref>

{| style="margin:auto;"
|-
|
{{cladogram|title=Phylogenetic relations of living and extinct chelonioid species
|align=left
|clades={{Clade|style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%;width:500px
|label1=[[Panchelonioidea]]
|1={{Clade
|1=†''[[Toxochelys]]''
|2={{Clade
|1=†[[Protostegidae]] [[File:Protostega gigas.jpg|70 px]]
|label2=[[Chelonioidea]]
|2={{Clade
|1=†''[[Corsochelys]]''
|2=[[Dermochelyidae]] [[File:Erpétologie générale, ou, Histoire naturelle complète des reptiles (Dermochelys coriacea).jpg|70 px]]
|label3=[[Pancheloniidae]]
|3={{Clade
|1=†''[[Nichollsemys]]''
|2={{Clade
|1=†''[[Allopleuron]]''
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Cheloniidae]] [[File:Erpétologie générale, ou, Histoire naturelle complète des reptiles (Chelonia mydas).jpg|70 px]]
|2={{Clade
|1=†''[[Argillochelys]]''
|2=†''[[Procolpochelys]]''
|3={{Clade
|1=†''[[Eochelone]]''
|2=†''[[Puppigerus]]'' }}
|4={{Clade
|1=†''[[Ctenochelys]]''
|2=†''[[Peritresius]]''
|3=†''[[Cabindachelys]]'' }}
}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}
|}

An alternate phylogeny was proposed by Castillo-Visa ''et al.'' (2022):<ref name=":19" />

{{clade|{{clade
|1=†[[Toxochelyidae]]
|2={{clade
|1=†[[Protostegidae]]
|2=†''[[Corsochelys]]''
|label3='''Chelonioidea'''
|3= {{clade
|label1=[[Dermochelyidae]]
|1={{clade
|1=†''[[Eosphargis]]''
|2=''[[Dermochelys]]''
}}
|2={{clade
|1=†''[[Nichollsemys]]''
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=†''[[Leviathanochelys]]''
|2=†''[[Allopleuron]]''
}}
|2={{clade
|1=†''[[Procolpochelys]]''
|2={{clade
|1=†''[[Argillochelys]]''
|2={{clade
|1=†''[[Eochelone]]''
|2=†''[[Puppigerus]]''
}}
|label3=[[Ctenochelyidae]]
|3={{clade
|1=†''[[Cabindachelys]]''
|2=†''[[Ctenochelys]]''
|3=†''[[Peritresius]]''
}}
|label4=[[Cheloniidae]]
|4={{clade
|1=''[[Natator]]''
|2=''[[Eretmochelys]]''
|3=''[[Chelonia]]''
|4={{clade
|1=''[[Lepidochelys kempii]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Caretta]]''
|2=''[[Lepidochelys olivacea]]''
}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}|style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%|label1=[[Panchelonioidea]]}}

== Distribution and habitat ==
Sea turtles can be found in all oceans except for the polar regions. The [[flatback sea turtle]] is found solely on the northern coast of [[Australia]]. The [[Kemp's ridley sea turtle]] is found solely in the [[Gulf of Mexico]] and along the [[East Coast of the United States]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://awsassets.panda.org/downloads/marine_turtles_factsheet2006.pdf|title=Ancient mariners threatened with extinction}}</ref>

Sea turtles are generally found in the waters over [[continental shelf|continental shelves]]. During the first three to five years of life, sea turtles spend most of their time in the [[pelagic zone]] floating in [[seaweed]] mats. [[Green sea turtle]]s in particular are often found in ''[[Sargassum]]'' mats, in which they find food, [[wikt:shelter|shelter]] and water.<ref name="PelagicDev" /> Once the sea turtle has reached adulthood it moves closer to the shore.<ref name="LS20070918" /> Females will come ashore to lay their eggs on sandy beaches during the nesting season.<ref name="WWFSeaturtles">{{cite web |title = WWF – Marine Turtles|work = Species Factsheets|publisher = World Wide Fund for Nature|date = 4 May 2007|url = http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/species/about_species/species_factsheets/marine_turtles/index.cfm|access-date = 13 September 2007}}</ref>

Sea turtles migrate to reach their spawning beaches, which are limited in numbers. Living in the ocean therefore means they usually migrate over large distances. All sea turtles have large body sizes, which is helpful for moving large distances. Large body sizes also offer good protection against the large predators (notably sharks) found in the ocean.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Jaffe | first1 = A. L. | last2 = Slater | first2 = G. J. | last3 = Alfaro | first3 = M. E. | year = 2011 | title = The evolution of island gigantism and body size variation in tortoises and turtles | journal =Biology Letters | volume = 7 | issue = 4| pages = 558–561 | doi=10.1098/rsbl.2010.1084 | pmid=21270022 | pmc=3130210 | bibcode = 2011BiLet...7..558J }}</ref>

In 2020, diminished human activity resulting from the [[COVID-19]] virus caused an increase in sea turtle nesting. Some areas in [[Thailand]] saw an abnormally high number of nests, and Florida experienced a similar phenomenon. Less plastic and light pollution could explain these observations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/thailand-sea-turtles-coronavirus-scli-intl-scn/index.html|title=Sea turtles thriving in Thailand after beach closures|author1=By Jack Guy |author2=Carly Walsh|website=CNN|date=20 April 2020 |language=en|access-date=2020-04-20}}</ref>

==Life cycle==
[[File:Life Cycle of a Sea Turtle.svg|thumb|300px|1) Male and female sea turtles age in the ocean and migrate to shallow coastal water. 2) Sea turtles mate in the water near offshore nesting sites. 3) The adult male sea turtles return to the feeding sites in the water. 4) Female sea turtles cycle between mating and nesting. 5) Female sea turtles lay their eggs. 6) When the season is over, female sea turtles return to feeding sites. 7) Baby sea turtles incubate for 60–80 days and hatch. 8) Newly hatched baby sea turtles emerge from nests and travel from the shore to the water. 9) Baby sea turtles mature in the ocean until they are ready to begin the cycle again.]]
Sea turtles are thought to reach sexual maturity from about 10−20 years old depending on species and methodology. However, reliable estimates are difficult to ascertain.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bedolla-Ochoa |first1=C. |last2=Reyes-López |first2=M. A. |last3=Rodríguez-González |first3=H. |last4=Delgado-Trejo |first4=C. |title=Black Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas agassizii) Life History in the Sanctuary of Colola Beach, Michoacan, Mexico |journal=Animals |date=2023 |volume=13 |issue=3 |page=406 |doi=10.3390/ani13030406|pmid=36766296 |pmc=9913439 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Caillouet |first1=C. W. |last2=Shaver |first2=D. J. |last3=Landry |first3=A. M. |last4=Owens |first4=D. W. |last5=Pritchard |first5=P. C. H. |title=Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) Age at First Nesting |journal=Chelonian Conservation and Biology |date=2011 |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=288–293 |doi=10.2744/CCB-0836.1|s2cid=86092201 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2011CConB..10..288C }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Levasseur |first1=K. E. |last2=Stapleton |first2=S. P. |last3=Quattro |first3=J. M. |title=Precise natal homing and an estimate of age at sexual maturity in hawksbill turtles |journal=Animal Conservation |date=2021 |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=523–535 |doi=10.1111/acv.12657|bibcode=2021AnCon..24..523L |s2cid=228861161 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jones |first1=T. T. |last2=Hastings |first2=M. D. |last3=Bostrom |first3=B. L. |last4=Pauly |first4=D. |last5=Jones |first5=D. R. |title=Growth of captive leatherback turtles, Dermochelys coriacea, with inferences on growth in the wild: Implications for population decline and recovery |journal=Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology |date=2011 |volume=399 |issue=1 |pages=84–92 |doi=10.1016/j.jembe.2011.01.007|bibcode=2011JEMBE.399...84J }}</ref> Mature sea turtles may migrate thousands of miles to reach breeding sites. After mating at sea, adult female sea turtles return to land to lay their eggs. Different species of sea turtles exhibit various levels of [[philopatry]]. In the extreme case, females return to the same beach where they hatched. This can take place every two to four years in maturity.

[[File:Turtle golfina escobilla Oaxaca Mexico Claudio Giovenzana 2010.jpg|thumbnail|left|An olive ridley sea turtle nesting on Escobilla Beach, [[Oaxaca]], [[Mexico]]]]The mature nesting female hauls herself onto the beach, nearly always at night, and finds suitable sand in which to create a nest. Using her hind flippers, she digs a circular hole {{convert|40|to|50|cm|in}} deep. After the hole is dug, the female then starts filling the nest with her clutch of soft-shelled eggs. Depending on the species, a typical clutch may contain 50–350 eggs. After laying, she re-fills the nest with sand, re-sculpting and smoothing the surface, and then camouflaging the nest with vegetation until it is relatively undetectable visually.<ref name="PelagicDev" /> She may also dig decoy nests.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Waldstein |first1=David |title=Mother Sea Turtles Might Be Sneakier Than They Look |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/19/science/sea-turtles-decoy-nests.html |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=19 May 2020}}</ref> The whole process takes 30 to 60 minutes. She then returns to the ocean, leaving the eggs untended.<ref name="Audubon1897">{{cite book | last =Audubon | first =Maria R. | author-link =Maria Audubon | title =Audubon and His Journals: Dover Publications Reprint | publisher =Scribner's Sons | orig-date=First published 1897 |year=1986 | location =New York | pages = 373–375| isbn = 978-0-486-25144-8}}</ref>

Females may lay 1–8 clutches in a single season. Female sea turtles alternate between mating in the water and laying their eggs on land. Most sea turtle species nest individually. But ridley sea turtles come ashore en masse, known as an ''arribada'' (arrival). With the Kemp's ridley sea turtle this occurs during the day.

Sea turtles have [[temperature-dependent sex determination]].<ref name=":3">{{cite journal|last=Mrosovsky|first=N.|title=Sex ratio bias in hatchling sea turtles from artificially incubated eggs|journal=Biological Conservation|date=August 1982|volume=23|issue=4|pages=309–314|doi=10.1016/0006-3207(82)90087-8|bibcode=1982BCons..23..309M }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite journal|last=Morreale|first=S.|author2=Ruiz, G. |author3=Spotila, J. |author4= Standora, E. |title=Temperature-dependent sex determination: current practices threaten conservation of sea turtles|journal=Science|date=11 June 1982|volume=216|issue=4551|pages=1245–1247|doi=10.1126/science.7079758 |pmid=7079758|bibcode=1982Sci...216.1245M}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{cite journal|last=Mrosovsky|first=N.|author2=Hopkins-Murphy, S. R. |author3=Richardson, J. I. |title=Sex Ratio of Sea Turtles: Seasonal Changes|journal=Science|date=17 August 1984|volume=225|issue=4663|pages=739–741|doi=10.1126/science.225.4663.739|pmid=17810293|bibcode=1984Sci...225..739M|s2cid=43726465}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{cite journal|last=Godfrey|first=Matthew H.|author2=Barreto, R. |author3=Mrosovsky, N. |title=Metabolically-Generated Heat of Developing Eggs and Its Potential Effect on Sex Ratio of Sea Turtle Hatchlings|journal=Journal of Herpetology|date=December 1997|volume=31|issue=4|pages=616–619|doi=10.2307/1565626|jstor=1565626 |bibcode=1997JHerp..31..616G }}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite journal|last=Ewert|first=Michael A.|author2=Jackson, Dale R. |author3=Nelson, Craig E. |title=Patterns of temperature-dependent sex determination in turtles|journal=Journal of Experimental Zoology|date=15 September 1994|volume=270|issue=1|pages=3–15|doi=10.1002/jez.1402700103|bibcode=1994JEZ...270....3E }}</ref> Warmer temperatures produce female hatchlings, while cooler temperatures produce male hatchlings.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Temperature dependent sex determination in sea turtles|last1 = Standora |first1=Edward |last2=Spotila |first2=James|date = Aug 5, 1985|journal = Copeia|doi = 10.2307/1444765|jstor=1444765|volume=1985|issue = 3 |pages=711–722}}</ref> The eggs will incubate for 50–60 days. The eggs in one nest hatch together over a short period of time. The baby sea turtles break free of the egg shell, dig through the sand, and crawl into the sea. Most species of sea turtles hatch at night. However, the Kemp's ridley sea turtle commonly hatches during the day. Sea turtle nests that hatch during the day are more vulnerable to predators, and may encounter more human activity on the beach.

[[Image:YosriTelurPenyu6.jpg|thumb|Sea turtle sex depends on sand temperature while the egg is incubating.]]
Larger hatchlings have a higher probability of survival than smaller individuals, which can be explained by the fact that larger offspring are faster and thus less exposed to predation. Predators can only functionally intake so much; larger individuals are not targeted as often. A study conducted on this topic shows that body size is positively correlated with speed, so larger baby sea turtles are exposed to predators for a shorter amount of time.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Janzen|first1=Fredric J.|last2=Tucker|first2=John K.|last3=Paukstis|first3=Gary L. |year=2007 |title=Experimental analysis of an early life-history stage: direct or indirect selection on body size of hatchling turtles? |journal=Functional Ecology |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=162–170 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2435.2006.01220.x |bibcode=2007FuEco..21..162J |url=http://www.public.iastate.edu/~fjanzen/pdf/00Ecology.pdf}}</ref> The fact that there is size dependent predation on [[Chelonia (order)|chelonians]] has led to the evolutionary development of large body sizes.

In 1987, Carr discovered that the young of green and loggerhead sea turtles spent a great deal of their [[pelagic]] lives in floating [[sargassum]] mats. Within these mats, they found ample shelter and food. In the absence of sargassum, young sea turtles feed in the vicinity of [[upwelling]] "fronts".<ref name="PelagicDev">{{cite journal | last =Carr | first =Archie | author-link =Archie Carr | title =New Perspectives on the Pelagic Stage of Sea Turtle Development | journal =Conservation Biology | volume =1 | issue =2 | pages =103–121 | doi = 10.1111/j.1523-1739.1987.tb00020.x|date=August 1987 | jstor=2385827| bibcode =1987ConBi...1..103C | hdl =2027/uc1.31822031475700 | url =https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/imgsrv/download/pdf?id=uc1.31822031475700;orient=0;size=100;seq=1;attachment=0 | hdl-access =free | url-access =subscription }}</ref> In 2007, Reich determined that green sea turtle hatchlings spend the first three to five years of their lives in [[pelagic]] waters. In the open ocean, pre-juveniles of this particular species were found to feed on [[zooplankton]] and smaller [[nekton]] before they are recruited into inshore [[seagrass meadow]]s as obligate herbivores.<ref name="LS20070918">{{cite news | last =Brynner | first =Jeanna | title =Sea Turtles' Mystery Hideout Revealed | work =LiveScience | publisher =Imaginova Corp. | date =19 September 2007 | url =http://www.livescience.com/animals/070919_sea_turtle.html | access-date =20 September 2007}}</ref><ref name="Reich2007">{{cite journal | last =Reich | first =Kimberly J. | author-link =Kimberly Reich |author2=Karen A. Bjorndal |author3= Alan B. Bolten | title =The 'lost years' of green turtles: using stable isotopes to study cryptic lifestages | journal =Biology Letters |volume= 3|issue=6 |pages=712–714 | date =18 September 2007 | doi =10.1098/rsbl.2007.0394 | pmid =17878144 | pmc =2391226}}</ref>

== Physiology ==

===Osmoregulation===

Sea turtles maintain an internal environment that is [[hypotonic]] to the ocean. To maintain hypotonicity they must excrete excess salt ions.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Nicolson, S.W. |author2=P.L. Lutz |year=1989 |url=http://jeb.biologists.org/content/144/1/171.full.pdf |title=Salt gland function in the green sea turtle ''Chelonia mydas'' |journal=Journal of Experimental Biology |volume=144 |issue=1 |pages=171–184|doi=10.1242/jeb.144.1.171 |doi-access=free |bibcode=1989JExpB.144..171N }}</ref> Like other marine reptiles, sea turtles rely on a specialized gland to rid the body of excess salt, because reptilian kidneys cannot produce urine with a higher ion concentration than sea water.<ref name="ncbi">{{cite journal |author1=Reina RD |author2=Jones TT |author3=Spotila JR |title=Salt and water regulation by the leatherback sea turtle ''Dermochelys coriacea'' |journal=Journal of Experimental Biology |volume=205 |issue=13 |pages=1853–60 |date=July 2002 |doi=10.1242/jeb.205.13.1853 |pmid=12077161 |bibcode=2002JExpB.205.1853R |url=http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12077161|url-access=subscription }}</ref> All species of sea turtles have a [[lachrymal gland]] in the orbital cavity, capable of producing tears with a higher salt concentration than sea water.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Schmidt-Nielsen K |author2=Fange R |year=1958 |title=Salt glands in marine reptiles |journal=Nature |volume=182 |issue=4638 |pages=783–5 |doi=10.1038/182783a0|bibcode=1958Natur.182..783S |s2cid=4290812 }}</ref>

Leatherback sea turtles face an increased osmotic challenge compared to other species of sea turtle, since their primary prey are jellyfish and other gelatinous plankton, whose fluids have the same concentration of salts as sea water. The much larger lachrymal gland found in leatherback sea turtles may have evolved to cope with the higher intake of salts from their prey. A constant output of concentrated salty tears may be required to balance the input of salts from regular feeding, even considering leatherback sea turtle tears can have a salt ion concentration almost twice that of other species of sea turtle.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Hudson | first1 = D.M. | last2 = Lutz | first2 = P.L. | year = 1986 | title = Salt gland function in the leatherback sea turtle, ''Dermochelys coriacea'' | journal = Copeia | volume = 1986 | issue = 1| pages = 247–249 | jstor=1444922 | doi=10.2307/1444922}}</ref>
[[Image:Young Honu-Kahala.png|thumb|Immature Hawaiian green sea turtle in shallow waters]]
[[File:Sea turtles bask in the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument.png|thumb|Sea turtles basking in the [[Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument]] in the [[Northwestern Hawaiian Islands]].]]
Hatchlings depend on drinking sea water immediately upon entering the ocean to replenish water lost during the hatching process. Salt gland functioning begins quickly after hatching, so that the young sea turtles can establish ion and water balance soon after entering the ocean. Survival and physiological performance hinge on immediate and efficient hydration following emergence from the nest.<ref name="ncbi" />

=== Thermoregulation ===
All sea turtles are [[poikilotherm]]s.<ref name=":30">{{cite journal|title = Feasibility of Using Sea Surface Temperature Imagery to Mitigate Cheloniid Sea Turtle – Fishery Interactions off the Coast of Northeastern USA|last1 = Braun-McNeill|first1 = Joanne|date = December 2008|journal = Endangered Species Research|doi = 10.3354/esr00145|last2 = Sasso|first2 = Christopher|last3 = Epperly|first3 = Sheryan|last4 = Rivero|first4 = Carlos|volume = 5|pages = 257–266|doi-access = free| bibcode=2008ESRes...5..257B |hdl = 1834/30782|hdl-access = free}}</ref> However, leatherback sea turtles (family [[Dermochelyidae]]) are able to maintain a body temperature {{Convert|8|C-change}} warmer than the ambient water by thermoregulation through the trait of [[gigantothermy]].<ref name=":30" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Paladino|first1=Frank V.|last2=O'Connor|first2=Michael P.|last3=Spotila|first3=James R.|date=1990-04-26|title=Metabolism of leatherback turtles, gigantothermy, and thermoregulation of dinosaurs|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/344858a0|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=344|issue=6269|pages=858–860|doi=10.1038/344858a0|bibcode=1990Natur.344..858P|s2cid=4321764|issn=1476-4687|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

Green sea turtles in the relatively cooler Pacific are known to haul themselves out of the water on remote islands to bask in the sun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url = http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/pdfs/species/turtlesymposium1997.pdf#page=82|title = Basking in Galapagos Green Turtles|last = Green|first = Derek|date = March 1997|journal = Proceedings of the 17th Annual Sea Turtle Symposium}}</ref> This behavior has only been observed in a few locations, including the [[Galapagos]], Hawaii, [[Europa Island]], and parts of Australia.<ref name=":2" /> [[Image:Chelonia mydas got to the surface to breath.jpg|thumb|A green sea turtle breaks the surface to breathe.|left]]

=== Diving physiology ===
{{see also|Physiology of underwater diving#Aquatic reptiles}}
Sea turtles are air-breathing reptiles that have lungs, so they regularly surface to breathe. Sea turtles spend a majority of their time underwater, so they must be able to hold their breath for long periods.<ref name=":8" /> Dive duration largely depends on activity. A foraging sea turtle may typically spend 5–40 minutes underwater<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|title = Voluntary diving metabolism and ventilation in the loggerhead sea turtle|journal = Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology|date = 1991-05-16|pages = 287–296|volume = 147|issue = 2|doi = 10.1016/0022-0981(91)90187-2|first1 = Molly E.|last1 = Lutcavage|first2 = Peter L.|last2 = Lutz|doi-access = free| bibcode=1991JEMBE.147..287L }}</ref> while a sleeping sea turtle can remain underwater for 4–7 hours.<ref>{{cite web|title = Information About Sea Turtles: Frequently Asked Questions |url = http://www.conserveturtles.org/seaturtleinformation.php?page=seaturtle-faq#14 |publisher = Sea Turtle Conservancy|access-date = 2015-10-15}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|title = First records of dive durations for a hibernating sea turtle|journal = Biology Letters|date = 2005-03-22|issn = 1744-9561|pmc = 1629053|pmid = 17148134|pages = 82–86|volume = 1|issue = 1|doi = 10.1098/rsbl.2004.0250|first1 = Sandra|last1 = Hochscheid|first2 = Flegra|last2 = Bentivegna|first3 = Graeme C.|last3 = Hays}}</ref> Remarkably, sea turtle respiration remains [[Cellular respiration|aerobic]] for the vast majority of voluntary dive time.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> When a sea turtle is forcibly submerged (e.g. entangled in a trawl net) its diving endurance is substantially reduced, so it is more susceptible to drowning.<ref name=":8" />

When surfacing to breathe, a sea turtle can quickly refill its lungs with a single explosive exhalation and rapid inhalation. Their large lungs permit rapid exchange of oxygen and avoid trapping gases during deep dives.

[[Cold-stunning]] is a phenomenon that occurs when sea turtles enter cold ocean water ({{Convert|45|–|50|F|abbr=on|order=flip}}), which causes the turtles to float to the surface and therefore makes it impossible for them to swim.<ref>Spotila, J. R. (2004). ''Sea Turtles: A Complete Guide to Their Biology, Behavior, and Conservation''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. {{isbn|978-0801880070}}</ref>

===Fluorescence===

Gruber and Sparks (2015)<ref name=Gruber_2015>{{Cite journal| last1 = Gruber| first1 = David F.| last2 = Sparks| first2 = John S.| title = First observation of fluorescence in marine turtles| journal = American Museum Novitates| issue = 3845| pages = 1–8| doi = 10.1206/3845.1| issn = 0003-0082| date = 2015-12-01| hdl = 2246/6626| s2cid = 86196418| url = http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/2246/6626/1/N3845.pdf}}</ref> have observed the first [[fluorescence]] in a marine [[tetrapod]] (four-limbed [[vertebrate]]s).<ref>{{cite web| last = Lewis| first = Danny| title = Scientists just found a sea turtle that glows| work = Smithsonian | date = 2015 | access-date = 2017-03-19| url = http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-discover-glowing-sea-turtle-180956789/}}</ref> Sea turtles are the first [[biofluorescent]] [[reptile]] found in the wild.

According to Gruber and Sparks (2015), [[fluorescence]] is observed in an increasing number of marine creatures ([[cnidarian]]s, [[Ctenophora|ctenophores]], [[annelid]]s, [[arthropod]]s, and [[chordate]]s) and is now also considered to be widespread in [[Chondrichthyes|cartilaginous]] and [[Actinopterygii|ray-finned]] fishes.<ref name=Gruber_2015/>

The two [[Marine biology|marine biologists]] accidentally made the observation in the [[Solomon Islands]] on a hawksbill sea turtle, one of the rarest and most endangered sea turtle species in the ocean, during a night dive aimed to film the [[biofluorescence]] emitted by small [[shark]]s and [[coral reef]]s. The role of biofluorescence in marine organisms is often attributed to a strategy for attracting prey or perhaps a way to communicate. It could also serve as a way of defense or [[camouflage]] for the sea turtle hiding during night amongst other fluorescent organisms like corals. Fluorescent corals and sea creatures are best observed during night dives with a blue [[Light emitting diode|LED]] light and with a camera equipped with an orange [[optical filter]] to capture only the fluorescence light.<ref>{{cite web| last = Lee| first = Jane J.| title = Exclusive video: first "glowing" sea turtle found| work = National Geographic News| access-date = 2017-03-19| date = 2015-09-28| url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/09/150928-sea-turtles-hawksbill-glowing-biofluorescence-coral-reef-ocean-animals-science150928-sea-turtles-hawksbill-glowing-biofluorescence-coral-reef-ocean-animals-science/| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150930220119/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/09/150928-sea-turtles-hawksbill-glowing-biofluorescence-coral-reef-ocean-animals-science150928-sea-turtles-hawksbill-glowing-biofluorescence-coral-reef-ocean-animals-science/| archive-date = September 30, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| last = Hanson| first = Hilary| title = Scientists discover 'glowing' sea turtle| work = Huffington Post| date = 2015-09-29| access-date = 2017-03-19| url = http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/sea-turtle-glowing-discovery_us_560ac2a0e4b0dd8503094fd4}}</ref>

=== Sensory modalities ===

==== Navigation ====

Below the surface, the sensory cues available for navigation change dramatically.<ref name=":16">{{Cite journal|last1=Lohmann|first1=K. J.|last2=Lohmann|first2=C. M. F.|last3=Endres|first3=C. S.|date=2008-06-01|title=The sensory ecology of ocean navigation|journal=Journal of Experimental Biology |volume=211|issue=11 |pages=1719–1728|doi=10.1242/jeb.015792 |pmid=18490387|issn=0022-0949|doi-access=free|bibcode=2008JExpB.211.1719L }}</ref> Light availability decreases quickly with depth, and is refracted by the movement of water when present, celestial cues are often obscured, and ocean currents cause continuous drift.<ref name=":16" /> Most sea turtle species [[Sea turtle migration|migrate]] over significant distances to nesting or foraging grounds, some even crossing entire ocean basins.<ref name=":17">{{cite journal|last1=Lohmann|first1=Kenneth J. |last2=Putman|first2=Nathan F. |last3=Lohmann|first3=Catherine M. F.|date=2012|title=The magnetic map of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0959438811001954|journal=Current Opinion in Neurobiology |volume=22|issue=2|pages=336–342 |doi=10.1016/j.conb.2011.11.005 |pmid=22137566|s2cid=1128978|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Passive drifting within major current systems, such as those in the [[North Atlantic Gyre]], can result in ejection well outside of the temperature tolerance range of a given species, causing heat stress, hypothermia, or death.<ref name=":17" /> In order to reliably navigate within strong [[Ocean gyre|gyre]] currents in the open ocean, migrating sea turtles possess both a bicoordinate magnetic map and magnetic compass sense, using a form of navigation termed [[Magnetoreception]].<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":16" /><ref name=":18">{{cite journal |last1=Lohmann |first1=Kenneth J. |last2=Lohman |first2=Catherine M. F. |date=2019-02-06|title=There and back again: natal homing by magnetic navigation in sea turtles and salmon |journal=The Journal of Experimental Biology |volume=222|issue=Supplement 1 |pages=jeb184077 |doi=10.1242/jeb.184077 |pmid=30728225 |issn=0022-0949|doi-access=free|bibcode=2019JExpB.222B4077L }}</ref> Specific migratory routes have been shown to vary between individuals, making the possession of both a magnetic map and compass sense advantageous for sea turtles.<ref name=":17"/>

[[File:Hatchling green sea turtle.jpg|alt=Hatchling green sea turtle in the sand photographed by USFWS Southeast|thumb|Hatchling green sea turtle in the sand photographed by USFWS Southeast]]

A bicoordinate magnetic map gives sea turtles the ability to determine their position relative to a goal with both latitudinal and longitudinal information, and requires the detection and interpretation of more than one magnetic parameter going in opposite directions to generate, such as [[Magnetic field intensity]] and [[Inclination angle]].<ref name=":18" /><ref name=":20">{{Cite journal|last1=Fuxjager|first1=M. J.|last2=Eastwood|first2=B. S.|last3=Lohmann|first3=K. J.|date=2011-08-01|title=Orientation of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles to regional magnetic fields along a transoceanic migratory pathway |journal=Journal of Experimental Biology |volume=214|issue=15|pages=2504–2508 |doi=10.1242/jeb.055921|pmid=21753042 |issn=0022-0949 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2011JExpB.214.2504F }}</ref> A magnetic compass sense allows sea turtles to determine and maintain a specific magnetic heading or orientation.<ref name=":20" /> These magnetic senses are thought to be inherited, as hatchling sea turtles swim in directions that would keep them on course when exposed to the magnetic field signatures of various locations along their species' migratory routes.<ref name=":20" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lohmann|first=K. J. |date=2001-10-12 |title=Regional Magnetic Fields as Navigational Markers for Sea Turtles |url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1064557 |journal=Science |volume=294 |issue=5541 |pages=364–366 |doi=10.1126/science.1064557 |pmid=11598298 |bibcode=2001Sci...294..364L |s2cid=44529493|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

[[Natal homing]] behavior is well described in sea turtles, and genetic testing of turtle populations at different nesting sites has shown that magnetic field is a more reliable indicator of genetic similarity than physical distance between sites.<ref name=":21">{{Cite journal|last1=Brothers|first1=J. Roger |last2=Lohmann|first2=Kenneth J.|date=2018|title=Evidence that Magnetic Navigation and Geomagnetic Imprinting Shape Spatial Genetic Variation in Sea Turtles |journal=Current Biology |volume=28|issue=8 |pages=1325–1329.e2 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2018.03.022 |pmid=29657117|doi-access=free|bibcode=2018CBio...28E1325B }}</ref> Additionally, nesting sites have been recorded to "drift" along with isoline shifts in the magnetic field.<ref name=":22">{{Cite journal|last1=Brothers|first1=J. Roger|last2=Lohmann |first2=Kenneth J.|date=2015|title=Evidence for Geomagnetic Imprinting and Magnetic Navigation in the Natal Homing of Sea Turtles|journal=Current Biology |volume=25|issue=3 |pages=392–396 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2014.12.035 |pmid=25601546|doi-access=free|bibcode=2015CBio...25..392B }}</ref> Magnetoreception is thought to be the primary navigation tool used by nesting sea turtles in returning to natal beaches.<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" /> There are three major theories explaining natal site learning: inherited magnetic information, socially facilitated migration, and geomagnetic [[Limbic imprint|imprinting]].<ref name=":18" /> Some support has been found for geomagnetic imprinting, including successful experiments transplanting populations of sea turtles by relocating them prior to hatching, but the exact mechanism is still not known.<ref name=":18" />

== Ecology ==

=== Diet ===
[[File:Myrtle the Green Sea Turtle eating lettuce 02.jpg|thumb|238x238px|A sea-turtle eating lettuce.]]
The loggerhead, Kemp's ridley, olive ridley, and hawksbill sea turtles are omnivorous their entire life. Omnivorous turtles may eat a wide variety of plant and animal life including [[Decapoda|decapods]], seagrasses, [[seaweed]], [[sponge]]s, [[Mollusca|mollusks]], [[cnidaria]]ns, [[Echinoderm]]s, worms and fish.<ref name="Burbidge">{{cite book |last = Burbidge|first = Andrew A|title = Threatened animals of Western Australia|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=wuVEAAAAYAAJ|page=110}}|year = 2004|publisher = Department of Conservation and Land Management|isbn = 978-0-7307-5549-4|pages = 110, 114}}</ref><ref name="noaa">{{cite web |url=http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/loggerhead.htm |title=Loggerhead Turtle (''Caretta caretta'') |last1=Bolten |first1=A.B. |year=2003 |work=NOAA Fisheries |access-date=January 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100514085206/http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/loggerhead.htm |archive-date=May 14, 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Barbour, Roger, Ernst, Carl, & Jeffrey Lovich. (1994). Turtles of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.</ref><ref name="ernst50">{{cite book|last1 = Ernst|first1 = C. H.|last2 = Lovich|first2 = J.E.|title = Turtles of the United States and Canada|url = {{google books |plainurl=y |id=nNOQghYEXZMC|page=50}}|edition = 2|publisher = JHU Press|isbn = 978-0-8018-9121-2|year = 2009|access-date = May 27, 2010|page = 50}}</ref> However, some species specialize on certain prey.

The diet of green sea turtles changes with age.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|url = http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/19395/1/19395_Arthur_et_al_2008.pdf|title = Ontogenetic Changes in Diet and Habitat Use in Green Sea Turtle (''Chelonia mydas'') Life History|last1 = Arthur|first1 = Karen|date = June 30, 2008|journal = Marine Ecology Progress Series |doi = 10.3354/meps07440|access-date = Dec 20, 2015|last2 = Boyle|first2 = Michelle|last3 = Limpus|first3 = Colin|volume=362|pages=303–311|bibcode = 2008MEPS..362..303A|doi-access = free}}</ref> Juveniles are omnivorous, but as they mature they become exclusively herbivorous.<ref name="noaa" /><ref name=":1" /> This diet shift has an effect on the green sea turtle's morphology.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nwf.org/Home/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide|title=Wildlife Guide|website=National Wildlife Federation}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Nishizawa | first1 = H. | last2 = Asahara | first2 = M. | last3 = Kamezaki | first3 = N. | last4 = Arai | first4 = N. | year = 2010 | title = Differences in the skull morphology between juvenile and adult green turtles: implications for the ontogenetic diet shift | journal = Current Herpetology | volume = 29 | issue = 2| pages = 97–101 | doi=10.3105/018.029.0205| s2cid = 86312033}}</ref> Green sea turtles have a serrated jaw that is used to eat sea grass and algae.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://seaworld.org/en/animal-info/animal-infobooks/sea-turtles/diet-and-eating-habits|title=Diet & Eating Habits|website=seaworld.org|access-date=2016-04-27}}</ref>

Leatherback sea turtles feed almost exclusively on jellyfish and help control jellyfish populations.<ref name="WWW">{{cite web | title =WWF – Leatherback turtle | work=Marine Turtles | publisher=[[World Wide Fund for Nature]] (WWF) | date =16 February 2007 | url =http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/species/about_species/species_factsheets/marine_turtles/leatherback_turtle/index.cfm
| access-date =9 September 2007}}</ref><ref name="CCC">{{cite web|title=Species Fact Sheet: Leatherback Sea Turtle |work=Caribbean Conservation Corporation & Sea Turtle Survival League |publisher=Caribbean Conservation Corporation |date=29 December 2005 |url=http://www.cccturtle.org/leatherback.htm |access-date=6 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928221346/http://www.cccturtle.org/leatherback.htm |archive-date=28 September 2007}}</ref>

Hawksbill sea turtles principally eat sponges, which constitute 70–95{{Thinsp}}% of their diets in the Caribbean.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Spongivory in Hawksbill Turtles: A Diet of Glass |last=Meylan |first=Anne |date=1988-01-22 |journal=Science |jstor=1700236 |pmid = 17836872 |volume=239 |issue=4838 |pages=393–395 |doi=10.1126/science.239.4838.393|bibcode=1988Sci...239..393M |s2cid=22971831}}</ref>

Loggerhead turtles are regarded as flexible and predators of slow-moving animals. They eat a broad variety of things, including terrestrial insects like ants, planthoppers, and beetles, as well as sea animals and plants. This species' primary diet consists of gelatinous creatures (medusae and ctenophores) and crustaceans, particularly crabs. Sargassum, barnacles, [[Gastropoda|gastropods]], anemones, salps, and pelagic coelenterates have also been found in numerous studies to be loggerhead turtles' primary food sources.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kim |first1=Jihee |last2=Kim |first2=Il-Hun |last3=Kim |first3=Min-Seop |last4=Lee |first4=Hae Rim |last5=Kim |first5=Young Jun |last6=Park |first6=Sangkyu |last7=Yang |first7=Dongwoo |date=2021-11-21 |title=Occurrence and diet analysis of sea turtles in Korean shore |journal=Journal of Ecology and Environment |volume=45 |issue=1 |page=23 |doi=10.1186/s41610-021-00206-w |doi-access=free |issn=2288-1220}}</ref>

=== Larynx mechanisms ===
There was little information regarding the sea turtle's larynx. Sea turtles, like other turtle species, lack an epiglottis to cover the larynx entrance. Key findings from an experiment reveal the following in regards to the larynx morphology: a close apposition between the linguolaryngeal cleft's smooth mucosal walls and the laryngeal folds, a dorsal part of the glottis, the glottal mucosa attached to the arytenoid cartilage, and the way the hyoid sling is arranged and the relationship between the compressor laryngis muscle and cricoid cartilage. The glottal opening and closing mechanisms have been examined. During the opening stage, two abductor artytenoideae muscles swing arytenoid cartilages and the glottis walls. As a result, the glottis profile is transformed from a slit to a triangle. In the closing stage, the tongue is drawn posteriorly due to the close apposition of the glottis walls and linguolaryngeal cleft walls and hyoglossal sling contractions.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fraher |first1=J |last2=Davenport |first2=J |last3=Fitzgerald |first3=E |last4=Mclaughlin |first4=P |last5=Doyle |first5=T |last6=Harman |first6=L |last7=Cuffe |first7=T |title=Opening and closing mechanisms of the leatherback sea turtle larynx: a crucial role for the tongue |journal=Journal of Experimental Biology |date=2010 |volume=213 |issue=24 |pages=4137–4145 |doi=10.1242/jeb.042218|pmid=21112993 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2010JExpB.213.4137F }}</ref>

=== Relationship with humans ===

Sea turtles are caught worldwide, although it is illegal to hunt most species in many countries.<ref name="CITES">{{cite web|author=CITES |author-link=CITES |title=Appendices |publisher=Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna |date=14 June 2006 |url=http://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.shtml |format=SHTML |access-date=5 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203100154/http://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.shtml |archive-date=3 February 2007 }}</ref><ref name="CITESEI">{{cite web|author=UNEP-WCMC |author-link=UNEP-WCMC |title=Eretmochelys imbricata A-301.003.003.001 |work=UNEP-WCMC Species Database: CITES-Listed Species |publisher=United Nations Environment Programme – World Conservation Monitoring Centre |url=http://sea.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/tax-species-result.cfm?displaylanguage=eng&Genus=Eretmochelys&Species=imbricata&source=animals&Country=&tabname=all |access-date=5 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929132215/http://sea.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/tax-species-result.cfm?displaylanguage=eng&Genus=Eretmochelys&Species=imbricata&source=animals&Country=&tabname=all |archive-date=September 29, 2007}}</ref> A great deal of intentional sea turtle harvests worldwide are for food. Many parts of the world have long considered sea turtles to be fine dining. In England during the 1700s, sea turtles were consumed as a delicacy to near extinction, often as [[turtle soup]].<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=Clarkson |first=Janet |title=Soup: a global history |date=2010 |publisher=Reaktion Books |isbn=978-1-86189-774-9 |location=London |pages=115–118 |oclc=642290114 }}</ref> [[Ancient China|Ancient Chinese]] texts dating to the 5th century B.C.E. describe sea turtles as exotic delicacies.<ref name="EatingTurtlesChina">{{cite journal | last=Schafer | first=Edward H. | author-link=Edward H. Schafer | title=Eating Turtles in Ancient China | journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society | volume=82 | issue=1 | pages=73–74 | year=1962 | doi=10.2307/595986| jstor=595986}}</ref> Many coastal communities around the world depend on sea turtles as a source of protein, often harvesting several sea turtles at once and keeping them alive on their backs until needed. Coastal peoples gather sea turtle eggs for consumption.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seaturtle.org/mtn/archives/mtn68/mtn68p8.shtml |title=MTN 68:8-13 Status of Nesting Populations of Sea Turtles in Thailand and Their Conservation |publisher=Seaturtle.org}}</ref>

[[File:Manner in which the natives of the East Coast Stirke Turtle.jpg|thumb|"Manner in which Natives of the East Coast strike turtle". Near [[Cooktown]], Australia. From [[Phillip Parker King]]'s Survey. 1818.]]

To a much lesser extent, some species are targeted for their shells. [[Tortoiseshell]], a traditional decorative ornamental material used in Japan and China, comes from the [[carapace]] [[scutes]] of the hawksbill sea turtle.<ref name="FisheriesModel">{{cite journal | last=Heppel | first=Selina S. | author-link=Selina Heppel |author2=Larry B. Crowder | title=Analysis of a Fisheries Model for Harvest of Hawksbill Sea Turtles (''Eretmochelys imbricata'') | journal=Conservation Biology | volume=10 | issue=3 | pages=874–880 | doi=10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10030874.x |date=June 1996 | jstor=2387111| bibcode=1996ConBi..10..874H }}</ref><ref name="CNNJapan">{{cite news|last=Strieker |first=Gary |author-link=Gark Strieker |title=Tortoiseshell ban threatens Japanese tradition |work=CNN.com/sci-tech |publisher=Cable News Network |date=10 April 2001 |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/TECH/science/04/10/japan.turtles/ |access-date=2 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311014928/http://archives.cnn.com/2001/TECH/science/04/10/japan.turtles/ |archive-date=11 March 2007}}</ref> [[Ancient Greek]]s and [[ancient Roman]]s processed sea turtle scutes (primarily from the hawksbill sea turtle) for various articles and ornaments used by their elites, such as combs and brushes.<ref name="Periplus">{{cite journal | last=Casson | first=Lionel | author-link=Lionel Casson | title=Periplus Maris Erythraei: Notes on the Text | journal=The Journal of Hellenic Studies | volume=102 | pages=204–206 | doi=10.2307/631139| year=1982 | jstor=631139| s2cid=161133205 }}</ref> The skin of the flippers is prized for use as shoes and assorted leather goods.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Steiner |first1=Todd |last2=Heitchue |first2=Mark |last3=Ghriskey |first3=Henry W. |date=1994 |title=Banned Sea Turtle Products Still Exported from Mexico |journal=Earth Island Journal |volume=9 |issue=3 |page=9 |jstor=43882966 |issn=1041-0406}}</ref> In various West African countries, [[Use of sea turtles in West African traditional medicine|sea turtles are harvested for traditional medicinal use]].{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}

The [[Moche (culture)|Moche]] people of ancient [[Peru]] worshipped the sea and its animals. They often depicted sea turtles in their art.<ref>Berrin, Katherine & Larco Museum. ''The Spirit of Ancient Peru:Treasures from the [[Larco Museum|Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera]].'' New York: [[Thames and Hudson]], 1997.</ref> [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s poem "[[Fastitocalon (poem)|Fastitocalon]]" echoes a second-century Latin tale in the ''[[Physiologus]]'' of the ''Aspidochelone'' ("round-shielded turtle"); it is so large that sailors mistakenly land and light a fire on its back, and are drowned when it dives.<ref name="Letter 255">[[J. R. R. Tolkien]], ''The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien'', #255 to Mrs Eileen Elgar, 5 March 1964; [[Humphrey Carpenter]] and [[Christopher Tolkien]], eds. (Allen & Unwin, 1981; {{ISBN|0-261-10265-6}})</ref><ref>[[Christina Scull]] & [[Wayne G. Hammond]] (2014), editors, ''[[The Adventures of Tom Bombadil]]'', Harper Collins, p. 224; {{ISBN|978-0007557271}}</ref>

Beach towns, such as [[Tortuguero, Costa Rica]], have transitioned from a tourism industry that made profits from selling sea turtle meat and shells to an ecotourism-based economy. Tortuguero is considered to be the founding location of sea turtle conservation. In the 1960s the cultural demand for sea turtle meat, shells, and eggs was quickly killing the once-abundant sea turtle populations that nested on the beach. The Caribbean Conservation Corporation began working with villagers to promote ecotourism as a permanent substitute to sea turtle hunting. Sea turtle nesting grounds became sustainable. Tourists love to come and visit the nesting grounds, although it causes a lot of stress to the sea turtles because all of the eggs can get damaged or harmed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seaturtle-world.com/sea-turtles-and-humans/ |title=Sea Turtles and Humans – Sea Turtle Facts and Information |website=www.seaturtle-world.com |date=4 January 2014 |access-date=2017-04-24}}</ref> Since the creation of a sea turtle ecotourism-based economy, Tortuguero annually houses thousands of tourists who visit the protected {{convert|22|mi|km|order=flip|adj=on}} beach that hosts sea turtle walks and nesting grounds.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tortugueroinfo.com/usa/sea_turtles_tortuguero.htm |title=Sea turtles in Tortuguero Costa Rica, a turtle haven ! |work=Tortuguero Costa Rica Tours }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/25/travel/turtle-watch-in-costa-rica.html?scp=3&sq=costa%20rica,%20sea%20turtle&st=cse | work=The New York Times | title=Turtle Watch in Costa Rica | first=John R. | last=Alden | date=25 October 1998}}</ref> Walks to observe the nesting sea turtles require a certified guide and this controls and minimizes disturbance of the beaches. It also gives the locals a financial interest in conservation and the guides now defend the sea turtles from threats such as poaching; efforts in Costa Rica's Pacific Coast are facilitated by a nonprofit organization, Sea Turtles Forever.<ref name="Eugene">{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=20060326&id=PWBWAAAAIBAJ&pg=4551,6016259 |newspaper=[[Eugene Register-Guard]] |date=March 26, 2005 |title=Seaside Couple Protect Costa Rican Turtles |access-date=November 26, 2018}}</ref> Thousands of people are involved in sea turtle walks, and substantial revenues accrue from the fees paid for the privilege.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://conserveturtles.org/wp-content/uploads/Tortuguero%20Green%20Turtle%20Report%201999.pdf |title=Report on the 1999 Green Turtle Program at Tortuguero, Costa Rica |publisher=[[Caribbean Conservation Corporation]] and the Ministry of Environment and Energy of Costa Rica |date=22 February 2000 |first1=Sebastian |last1=Troëng |first2=Jeff |last2=Mangel |first3=Sheleyla |last3=Kélez |first4=Andy |display-authors=etal |last4=Meyers |pages=11, 21–23, 29, 32 |access-date=30 November 2018 |archive-date=27 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127193718/https://conserveturtles.org/wp-content/uploads/Tortuguero%20Green%20Turtle%20Report%201999.pdf }}</ref>

In other parts of the world where sea turtle breeding sites are threatened by human activity, volunteers often patrol beaches as a part of conservation activities, which may include relocating sea turtle eggs to hatcheries, or assisting hatching sea turtles in reaching the ocean.<ref name=NIE>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/education/student/article557787.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810045119/http://newindianexpress.com/education/student/article557787.ece|archive-date=August 10, 2013|title=Join the turtle walk|work=[[New Indian Express]]|publisher=Newindianexpress.com|access-date=2 October 2018}}</ref> Locations in which such efforts exist include the east coast of India,<ref name=H>{{citation |url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mag/2002/05/19/stories/2002051900230800.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030516140742/http://thehindu.com/thehindu/mag/2002/05/19/stories/2002051900230800.htm |archive-date=16 May 2003 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |title=The ebb and flow of life |date=19 May 2002 |first1=S. Theodore |last1=Baskaran}}</ref> [[São Tomé and Príncipe]],<ref name=STP>{{citation |title=On Turtle Patrol: the Bradt travel guide. |work=São Tomé and Príncipe |first=Kathleen |last=Becker |location=Chalfont St. Peter |publisher=[[Bradt Travel Guides]]|year=2014 |isbn=978-1-84162-486-0}}</ref> [[Sham Wan (Lamma Island)|Sham Wan]] in Hong Kong,<ref name=SCMP>{{citation |title=Actors and activists fight for endangered green sea turtles' nesting site in Hong Kong |newspaper=[[South China Morning Post]]|date=26 June 2018 |url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/article/2152477/actors-and-activists-fight-endangered-green-sea-turtles-nesting-site-hong}}</ref> and the coast of [[Florida]].<ref name=TITS>{{citation |title=Tracks in the Sand: Sea Turtles and Their Protectors |first1=Frank |last1=Gromling |first2=Mike |last2=Cavaliere |publisher=[[Ocean Publishing]] |location=Flagler Beach, Florida |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-9826940-0-8}}</ref>

=== Importance to ecosystems ===
[[Image:Sea turtles on beach in hawaii.jpg|thumb|left|Sea turtles on a beach in [[Hawaii]]]]

Sea turtles play key roles in two habitat types: oceans and beaches/dunes.

In the oceans, sea turtles, especially green sea turtles, are among the very few creatures (manatees are another) that eat [[sea grass]]. Sea grass needs to be constantly cut short to help it grow across the sea floor. Sea turtle grazing helps maintain the health of the sea grass beds. Sea grass beds provide breeding and developmental grounds for numerous marine animals. Without them, many marine species humans harvest would be lost, as would the lower levels of the food chain. The reactions could result in many more marine species eventually becoming endangered or extinct.<ref name="cccturtle.org">[http://cccturtle.org/seaturtleinformation.php?page=whycareaboutseaturtles Why Care About Sea Turtles?], Sea Turtle Conservancy.</ref>

Sea turtles use beaches and [[sand dunes]] as to lay their eggs. Such coastal environments are nutrient-poor and depend on vegetation to protect against erosion. Eggs, hatched or unhatched, and hatchlings that fail to make it into the ocean are nutrient sources for dune vegetation and therefore protecting these nesting habitats for sea turtles, forming a [[positive feedback loop]].<ref name="cccturtle.org" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hannan |first1=Laura B. |last2=Roth |first2=James D. |last3=Ehrhart |first3=Llewellyn M. |last4=Weishampel |first4=John F. |title=Dune Vegetation Fertilization by Nesting Sea Turtles |journal=Ecology |date=2007 |volume=88 |issue=4 |pages=1053–1058 |publisher=[[Ecological Society of America]]|doi=10.1890/06-0629 |jstor=27651194 |pmid=17536720 |bibcode=2007Ecol...88.1053H |s2cid=7194642 }}</ref>

Sea turtles also maintain a symbiotic relationship with [[yellow tang]], in which the fish will eat algae growing on the shell of a sea turtle.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://akepa.hpa.edu/~mrice/turtle/Articles%20of%20interest/symposiumpapertcs.pdf |title=CLEANING SYMBIOSIS AND DIEL BEHAVIOR OF GREEN TURTLES (''CHELONIA MYDAS'') AT PUAKO, HAWAII |last1=Catellacci |first1=Alima |first2=Alexandra |last2=Wooddell |first3=Marc R. |last3=Rice |work=Sea Turtle Research Program |publisher=Hawaii Preparatory Academy |location=USA |access-date=2019-03-23 |archive-date=2015-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007041618/http://akepa.hpa.edu/~mrice/turtle/Articles%20of%20interest/symposiumpapertcs.pdf }}</ref>

=== Conservation status and threats ===
{{Main|Threats to sea turtles}}
[[File:Sea turtle entangled in a ghost net.jpg|thumb|upright|A sea turtle entangled in a fishing net]]

The [[IUCN Red List of Endangered Species|IUCN Red List]] classifies two species of sea turtle as "critically endangered".<ref name=":13">{{cite web|title = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/|website = www.iucnredlist.org|access-date = 2015-12-24}}</ref> An additional three species are classified as "vulnerable".<ref name=":13" /> The green turtle was considered "endangered",<ref name=iucn-2004/> but a new ICUN assessment in 2025 put the classification status as "least concern".<ref name="iucn status 10 October 2025"/> The flatback sea turtle is considered as "data deficient", meaning that its conservation status is unclear due to lack of data.<ref name=":13" /> All species of sea turtle are listed in [[CITES]] Appendix I, restricting international trade of sea turtles and sea turtle products.<ref name=":12" /><ref>{{cite web|title = Checklist of CITES species|url = http://checklist.cites.org|website = checklist.cites.org|access-date = 2015-12-24}}</ref> However, the usefulness of global assessments for sea turtles has been questioned,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Seminoff|first1=Jeffrey A.|last2=Shanker|first2=Kartik|title=Marine turtles and IUCN Red Listing: A review of the process, the pitfalls, and novel assessment approaches|journal=Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology|volume=356|issue=1–2|pages=52–68|doi=10.1016/j.jembe.2007.12.007|year=2008|bibcode=2008JEMBE.356...52S }}</ref> particularly due to the presence of distinct genetic stocks and spatially separated regional management units (RMUs).<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Wallace|first1=Bryan P.|last2=DiMatteo|first2=Andrew D.|last3=Hurley|first3=Brendan J.|last4=Finkbeiner|first4=Elena M.|last5=Bolten|first5=Alan B.|last6=Chaloupka|first6=Milani Y.|last7=Hutchinson|first7=Brian J.|last8=Abreu-Grobois|first8=F. Alberto|last9=Amorocho|first9=Diego|date=2010-12-17|title=Regional Management Units for Marine Turtles: A Novel Framework for Prioritizing Conservation and Research across Multiple Scales|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=5|issue=12|article-number=e15465|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0015465|pmid=21253007|pmc=3003737|issn=1932-6203|bibcode=2010PLoSO...515465W|doi-access=free}}</ref> Each RMU is subject to a unique set of threats that generally cross jurisdictional boundaries, resulting in some sub-populations of the same species' showing recovery while others continue to decline. This has triggered the IUCN to conduct threat assessments at the sub-population level for some species recently. These new assessments have highlighted an unexpected mismatch between where conservation relevant science has been conducted on sea turtles, and where there is the greatest need for conservation.<ref name=":14">{{Cite journal|last1=Pearson|first1=Ryan M.|last2=van de Merwe|first2=Jason P.|last3=Limpus|first3=Colin J.|last4=Connolly|first4=Rod M.|date=2017|title=Realignment of sea turtle isotope studies needed to match conservation priorities|journal=Marine Ecology Progress Series|language=en|volume=583|pages=259–271|doi=10.3354/meps12353|issn=0171-8630|bibcode=2017MEPS..583..259P| hdl=10072/373398 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> For example, as at August 2017, about 69% of studies using stable isotope analysis to understand the foraging distribution of sea turtles have been conducted in RMUs listed as "least concern" by the IUCN.<ref name=":14" />
Additionally, all populations of sea turtles that occur in United States waters are listed as threatened or endangered by the [[Endangered Species Act|US Endangered Species Act (ESA)]].<ref name="United States Fish & Wildlife Service">{{cite web|publisher=United States Fish & Wildlife Service|title=Endangered Species Program|url=http://www.fws.gov/endangered/|access-date=April 12, 2012}}</ref> The US listing status of the loggerhead sea turtle is under review as of 2012.<ref name="United States Fish & Wildlife Service" />
{| class="wikitable"
!
!'''IUCN Red List'''
!'''United States ESA*'''
|-
|[[Green sea turtle|'''Green''']]
|Least concern <ref name="iucn status 10 October 2025"/> 
(formerly Endangered)<ref name=iucn-2004>{{cite iucn |author=Seminoff, J.A. |collaboration=Southwest Fisheries Science Center, U.S. |date=2004 |title=''Chelonia mydas'' |volume=2004 |article-number=e.T4615A11037468 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T4615A11037468.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
|Endangered: populations in Florida and Pacific coast of Mexico populations
Threatened: all other populations<ref>{{cite web|title = Green Turtle (''Chelonia mydas'') :: NOAA Fisheries|url = http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/green.html|website = www.nmfs.noaa.gov|access-date = 2015-12-24|language = en-us|first = NOAA|last = Fisheries}}</ref>
|-
|[[Loggerhead sea turtle|'''Loggerhead''']]
|Vulnerable<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Casale, P. |author2=Tucker, A.D. |date=2017 |title=''Caretta caretta'' |volume=2017 |article-number=e.T3897A119333622 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T3897A119333622.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
|Endangered: NE Atlantic, Mediterranean, N Indian, N Pacific, S Pacific populations
Threatened: NW Atlantic, S Atlantic, SE Indo-Pacific, SW Indian populations<ref>{{cite web|title = Loggerhead Turtle (''Caretta caretta'') :: NOAA Fisheries|url = http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/loggerhead.htm|website = www.nmfs.noaa.gov|access-date = 2015-12-24|language = en-us|first = NOAA|last = Fisheries}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kemp's ridley sea turtle|'''Kemp's ridley''']]
|Critically endangered<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Wibbels, T. |author2=Bevan, E. |date=2019 |title=''Lepidochelys kempii'' |volume=2019 |article-number=e.T11533A155057916 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T11533A155057916.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
|Endangered: all populations<ref>{{cite web|title = Kemp's Ridley Turtle (''Lepidochelys kempii'') :: NOAA Fisheries|url = http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/kempsridley.html|website = www.nmfs.noaa.gov|access-date = 2015-12-24|language = en-us|first = NOAA|last = Fisheries}}</ref>
|-
|[[Olive ridley sea turtle|'''Olive ridley''']]
|Vulnerable<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Abreu-Grobois, A. |author2=Plotkin, P. |collaboration=IUCN SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group |date=2008 |title=''Lepidochelys olivacea'' |volume=2008 |article-number=e.T11534A3292503 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T11534A3292503.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
|Endangered: Pacific Coast of Mexico population
Threatened: all other populations<ref>{{cite web|title = Olive Ridley Turtle (''Lepidochelys olivacea'') :: NOAA Fisheries|url = http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/oliveridley.html|website = www.nmfs.noaa.gov|access-date = 2015-12-24|language = en-us|first = NOAA|last = Fisheries}}</ref>
|-
|[[Hawksbill sea turtle|'''Hawksbill''']]
|Critically endangered<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Mortimer, J.A. |author2=Donnelly, M. |collaboration=IUCN SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group |date=2008 |title=''Eretmochelys imbricata'' |volume=2008 |article-number=e.T8005A12881238 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T8005A12881238.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
|Endangered: all populations<ref>{{cite web|title = Hawksbill Turtle (''Eretmochelys imbricata'') :: NOAA Fisheries|url = http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/hawksbill.htm|website = www.nmfs.noaa.gov|access-date = 2015-12-24|language = en-us|first = NOAA|last = Fisheries}}</ref>
|-
|[[Flatback turtle|'''Flatback''']]
|Data deficient<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Red List Standards. |author2=Petitions Subcommittee |date=1996 |title=''Natator depressus'' |volume=1996 |article-number=e.T14363A4435952 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T14363A4435952.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
|N/A
|-
|[[Leatherback sea turtle|'''Leatherback''']]
|Vulnerable<ref>{{cite iucn |author=Wallace, B.P. |author2=Tiwari, M. |author3=Girondot, M. |date=2013 |title=''Dermochelys coriacea'' |volume=2013 |article-number=e.T6494A43526147 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-2.RLTS.T6494A43526147.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
|Endangered: all populations<ref>{{cite web|title = Leatherback Turtle (''Dermochelys coriacea'') :: NOAA Fisheries|url = http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/leatherback.html|website = www.nmfs.noaa.gov|access-date = 2015-12-24|language = en-us|first = NOAA|last = Fisheries}}</ref>
|}
*The ESA manages sea turtles by population and not by species.
[[File:Protected turtle nesting area II.jpg|thumb|Protected nesting area for turtles in Miami, Florida ]]
==== Management ====
In the Caribbean, researchers are having some success in assisting a comeback.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Clarren | first = Rebecca | title = Night Life | journal = Nature Conservancy | volume = 58 | issue = 4 | pages = 32–43 | year = 2008}}</ref> In September 2007, [[Corpus Christi, Texas]], wildlife officials found 128 Kemp's ridley sea turtle nests on Texas beaches, a record number, including 81 on North [[Padre Island]] ([[Padre Island National Seashore]]) and four on [[Mustang Island]]. Wildlife officials released 10,594 Kemp's ridley sea turtle hatchlings along the Texas coast in recent years.

The [[Philippines]] has had several initiatives dealing with the issue of sea turtle conservation. In 2007, the province of [[Batangas]] declared the catching and eating of sea turtles (locally referred to as [[Pawikan]]s) illegal. However, the law seems to have had little effect as sea turtle eggs are still in demand in [[Batangas#Etymology|Batangan]] markets. In September 2007, several Chinese [[Poaching|poachers]] were apprehended off the [[Turtle Islands, Tawi-Tawi|Turtle Islands]] in the country's southernmost province of [[Tawi-Tawi]]. The poachers had collected more than a hundred sea turtles, along with 10,000 sea turtle eggs.<ref name="PhilStar20070912">{{cite news|last=Adraneda |first=Katherine |title=WWF urges RP to pursue case vs turtle poachers |work=Headlines |publisher=The Philippine Star |date=12 September 2007 |url=http://www.philstar.com/index.php?Headlines&p=49&type=2&sec=24&aid=20070911144 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130216153133/http://www.philstar.com/index.php?Headlines&p=49&type=2&sec=24&aid=20070911144 |archive-date=16 February 2013 |access-date=12 September 2007 }}</ref>

Evaluating the progress of conservation programs is difficult, because many sea turtle populations have not been assessed adequately.<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Bjorndal |first1= Karen |last2= Bowen |first2= Brian |year= 2011 |title= Better science needed for restoration in the Gulf of Mexico |journal= Science |volume= 331 |pages= 537–538 |doi= 10.1126/science.1199935 |last3= Chaloupka |first3= M. |last4= Crowder |first4= L. B. |last5= Heppell |first5= S. S. |last6= Jones |first6= C. M. |last7= Lutcavage |first7= M. E. |last8= Policansky |first8= D. |last9= Solow |first9= A. R. |last10= Witherington |first10= B. E. |issue= 6017 |pmid= 21292956|display-authors= 8 |bibcode= 2011Sci...331..537B |s2cid= 33994573 }}</ref> Most information on sea turtle populations comes from counting nests on beaches, but this does not provide an accurate picture of the whole sea turtle population.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Witherington |first1=B.E. |last2=Kubilis |first2=Anne |last3=Brost |first3=Beth |last4=Meylan |first4=Anne |year=2009 |title=Decreasing annual nest counts in a globally important loggerhead sea turtle population |journal=Ecological Applications |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=30–54 |doi=10.1890/08-0434.1 |pmid=19323172|bibcode=2009EcoAp..19...30W }}</ref> A 2010 United States National Research Council report concluded that more detailed information on sea turtles' life cycles, such as birth rates and mortality, is needed.<ref>{{Cite web | last1=The National Research Council | title=Assessment of Sea Turtle Status and Trends: Integrating Demography and Abundance | publisher=National Academies Press | place=Washington, DC | year=2010 | url=http://dels.nas.edu/Report/Assessment-Turtle-Status/12889}}</ref>

Nest relocation may not be a useful conservation technique for sea turtles. In one study on the freshwater Arrau turtle (''[[Podocnemis expansa]]'') researchers examined the effects of nest relocation.<ref name=":10" /> They discovered that clutches of this freshwater turtle that were transplanted to a new location had higher mortality rates and more morphological abnormalities compared to non-transplanted clutches.<ref name=":10">{{cite journal | last1 = Jaffé | first1 = R. | last2 = Peñaloza | first2 = C. | last3 = Barreto | first3 = G. R. | year = 2008 | title = Monitoring an endangered freshwater turtle management program: effects of nest relocation on growth and locomotive performance of the giant South American turtle (''Podocnemis expansa'', Podocnemididae) | journal = Chelonian Conservation and Biology | volume = 7 | issue = 2| pages = 213–222 | doi=10.2744/CCB-0696.1| s2cid = 86007443 | doi-access = free }}</ref> However, in a study of loggerhead sea turtles (''[[Loggerhead sea turtle|Caretta caretta]]''), Dellert et al. found that relocating nests at risk of inundation increased the success of eggs and hatchlings and decreased the risk of inundation.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dellert|first1=Lauren J.|last2=O'Neil|first2=Danielle|last3=Cassill|first3=Deby L.|date=2014-06-01|title=Effects of Beach Renourishment and Clutch Relocation on the Success of the Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta) Eggs and Hatchlings|journal=Journal of Herpetology|volume=48|issue=2|pages=186–187|doi=10.1670/12-135|issn=0022-1511|hdl=10806/11541|s2cid=85697630 }}</ref>

==== Predators and disease ====
Most sea turtle mortality happens early in life. Sea turtles usually lay around 100 eggs at a time, but on average only one of the eggs from the nest will survive to adulthood.<ref>Wright, Sara. [http://www.blufftontoday.com/news/2010-08-06/hilton-head-island-sees-record-sea-turtle-nesting-season "Hilton Head Island sees record sea turtle nesting season."] Bluffton Today (2010): n. pag. Web. 8 Dec 2010.</ref> Raccoons, foxes, and seabirds may raid nests or hatchlings may be eaten within minutes of hatching as they make their initial run for the ocean.<ref name=":11">[http://www.seaturtlefoundation.org/threats/natural/ "Natural."] Sea Turtle Foundation. Sea Turtle Foundation, 2010. Web. 8 Dec 2010.</ref> Once in the water, they are susceptible to seabirds, large fish and even other sea turtles.

Adult sea turtles have few predators. Large aquatic carnivores such as sharks and crocodiles are their biggest threats; however, reports of terrestrial predators attacking nesting females are not uncommon. [[Jaguar]]s have been reported to smash into sea turtle shells with their paws, and scoop out the flesh.<ref>Baker, Natural History and Behavior, pp. 8–16</ref>

[[Turtle fibropapillomatosis|Fibropapillomatosis]] disease causes tumors in sea turtles.

While many of the things that endanger sea turtles are natural predators,<ref name=":11"/> increasingly many threats to the sea turtle species have arrived with the ever-growing presence of humans.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Heithaus|first1=Michael R.|last2=Wirsing|first2=Aaron J.|last3=Thomson|first3=Jordan A.|last4=Burkholder|first4=Derek A. |year=2008 |title=A review of lethal and non-lethal effects of predators on adult marine turtles |journal=Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology |volume=356 |issue=1–2 |pages=43–51 |doi=10.1016/j.jembe.2007.12.013|bibcode=2008JEMBE.356...43H }}</ref>

==== Bycatch ====
[[File:logger ted 01.jpg|thumb|right|alt=A loggerhead sea turtle escapes a circular fisherman's net via a TED.|A loggerhead sea turtle exits from a [[fishing net]] through a [[turtle excluder device]] (TED)]]One of the most significant and contemporary threats to sea turtles comes from [[bycatch]] due to imprecise fishing methods. [[Long-lining]] has been identified as a major cause of accidental sea turtle deaths.<ref name="RoyalGazette">{{cite news | last =Moniz | first =Jesse | title =Turtle conservation: It's now very much a political issue | work =News | publisher =The Royal Gazette Ltd. | date =3 February 2007 | url =http://www.royalgazette.com/siftology.royalgazette/Article/article.jsp?sectionId=80&articleId=7d5908e3003001d }}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="NationalGeographic">{{cite news | last=Scales|first = Helen | title =Glow Sticks May Lure Sea Turtles to Death | work =News | publisher =National Geographic News | date =27 April 2007 | url =http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/04/070427-glow-sticks.html | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070430043452/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/04/070427-glow-sticks.html | archive-date =April 30, 2007 }}</ref> There is also a black-market demand for tortoiseshell for both decoration and supposed health benefits.<ref name="Japan">{{cite web |author=NYSDEC | title =Atlantic Hawksbill Sea Turtle Fact Sheet | publisher =Endangered Species Unit | url =http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/wildlife/endspec/athafs.html | access-date = 7 February 2007}}</ref>

Sea turtles must surface to breathe. Caught in a fisherman's net, they are unable to surface and thus drown. In early 2007, almost a thousand sea turtles were killed inadvertently in the [[Bay of Bengal]] over the course of a few months after netting.<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Fishermen blamed for turtle deaths in Bay of Bengal |work=Science News |publisher=Reuters |date=5 February 2007 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-turtles-idUSDEL1456220070205 |access-date=15 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115114552/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-turtles-idUSDEL1456220070205 |archive-date=15 November 2016}}</ref>

However, some relatively inexpensive changes to fishing techniques, such as slightly larger hooks and traps from which sea turtles can escape, can dramatically cut the mortality rate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seaturtle.org/mtn/archives/mtn113/mtn113p13.shtml|title=MTN 113:13-14 Longline Fishery Panel Discussion at the 26th Annual Sea Turtle Symposium: Cooperative Approaches to Implement Sea Turtle Bycatch Solutions in Longline Fisheries|website=www.seaturtle.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last=O'Kelly-Lynch | first=Ruth | title=Govt: Long-line fishing won't hurt birds | url=http://www.royalgazette.com/siftology.royalgazette/Article/article.jsp?sectionId=60&articleId=7d72411300300c5 }}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Turtle excluder device]]s (TEDs) have reduced sea turtle bycatch in shrimp nets by 97 percent.
[[File:Sea turtle nest sign (Boca raton, FL).jpg|thumb|left|upright|Legal notice posted by a sea turtle nest at [[Boca Raton]], [[Florida]]]]

==== Beach development ====
Light pollution from beach development is a threat to baby sea turtles; the glow from city sources can cause them to head into traffic instead of the ocean.<ref name=panama>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsherald.com/news/20181007/disorientation-huge-problem-for-panama-city-beach-sea-turtle-hatchlings|title=Disorientation a huge problem for Panama City Beach sea turtle hatchlings|last=Landeck|first=Katie|date=7 October 2018|journal=[[Panama City News Herald]]}}</ref><ref name=hijos>{{cite episode|title=The Milky Way|series=Hijos de las Estrellas|season=1|number=8|year=2014|network=[[Netflix]]|minutes=37, 43}}</ref> There has been some movement to protect these areas. On the east coast of Florida, parts of the beach known to harbor sea turtle nests are protected by fences.<ref name=hijos/> Conservationists have monitored hatchings, relocating lost baby sea turtles to the beach.<ref name=panama/>

Hatchlings find their way to the ocean by instinctively crawling towards the brightest horizon, which has traditionally been the ocean because of the reflection of light from the moon and the stars on the water's surface, but get disoriented due to the artificial lights along the coastline.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Witherington|first=Blair E|date=|title=Understanding, Assessing, and Resolving Light Pollution Problems on Sea Turtle Nesting Beaches|url=https://www.fws.gov/caribbean/es/PDF/Library%20Items/LightingManual-Florida.pdf|access-date=2021-02-05|website=paed.org.ph}}</ref><ref>[https://hakaimagazine.com/article-short/bright-lights-and-dark-nights-the-challenge-facing-sea-turtles-in-the-city/ Bright Lights and Dark Nights: The Challenge Facing Sea Turtles in the City]</ref> Lighting restrictions can prevent lights from shining on the beach and confusing hatchlings. Sea turtle-safe lighting uses red or amber LED light, invisible to sea turtles, in place of white light.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Information About Sea Turtles: Threats from Artificial Lighting – Sea Turtle Conservancy|url=https://conserveturtles.org/information-sea-turtles-threats-artificial-lighting/|access-date=2021-02-05|language=en-US}}</ref>

==== Poaching ====
[[File:Turtle egg kota bharu.jpg|thumb|Sea turtle eggs sold in a market of Malaysia]]
Another major threat to sea turtles is the black-market trade in eggs and meat. This is a problem throughout the world, but especially a concern in China, the Philippines, India, Indonesia and the coastal nations of Latin America. Estimates reach as high as 35,000 sea turtles killed a year in Mexico and the same number in Nicaragua. Conservationists in Mexico and the United States have launched "Don't Eat Sea Turtle" campaigns in order to reduce this trade in sea turtle products. These campaigns have involved figures such as [[Dorismar]], [[Los Tigres del Norte]] and [[Maná]]. Sea turtles are often consumed during the Catholic season of Lent, even though they are reptiles, not fish. Consequently, conservation organizations have written letters to the Pope asking that he declare sea turtles meat.<ref>{{Cite news|title = Pope Asked to Call Sea Turtles 'Meat'|url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-mar-14-me-turtle14-story.html|newspaper = Los Angeles Times|date = 2002-03-14|access-date = 2015-12-22|issn = 0458-3035|language = en-US|first = Kenneth r.|last = WEISS}}</ref>

==== Marine debris ====
Another danger to sea turtles comes from [[marine debris]], especially plastics, such as in the [[Great Pacific Garbage Patch]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.seeturtles.org/ocean-plastic|title=Ocean Plastic|website=SEE Turtles|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-20}}</ref> which may be mistaken for jellyfish, and [[Ghost net|abandoned fishing nets]] in which they can become entangled.

Sea turtles in all types are being endangered by the way humans use plastic. Recycling is known of and people recycle but not everyone does. The amount of plastic in the oceans and beaches is growing every day. The littering<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.seeturtles.org/ocean-plastic|title=Ocean Plastic|website=SEE Turtles|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-12}}</ref> of plastic is 80% of the amount.

When turtles hatch from their eggs on the beach, they are already endangered with plastic. Turtles have to find the ocean by themselves and on their journey from land to sea, they encounter a lot of plastic. Some even get trapped in the plastic and die from lack of resources and from the sun being too hot.

Sea turtles eat plastic bags<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/stories/what-do-sea-turtles-eat-unfortunately-plastic-bags|title=What do sea turtles eat? Unfortunately, plastic bags.|website=World Wildlife Fund|language=en|access-date=2019-12-12}}</ref> because they confuse them with their actual diet, jellyfish, algae and other components. The consumption of plastic is different for every breed of sea turtle, but when they ingest the plastic, it can clog their intestines and cause internal bleeding which will eventually kill them.

In 2015, an olive ridley sea turtle was found with a plastic drinking straw lodged inside its nose.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kirkpatrick |first1=Nick |title=Sea turtle trauma: Video shows rescuers extracting plastic straw from deep in nostril |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/08/17/researchers-save-a-sea-turtle-from-a-plastic-straw-in-this-traumatic-video/ |access-date=2 February 2020 |work=Huffington Post}}</ref> The video of [[Nathan J. Robinson (biologist)|Nathan J. Robinson]] has helped raise considerable awareness about the threat posed by [[plastic pollution]] to sea turtles.

The research into turtle consumption of plastic is growing. A laboratory of Exeter<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/12/05/world/microplastic-pollution-turtles-study-intl-scli/index.html|title=Microplastics found in gut of every sea turtle in new study|author=Matthew Robinson|website=CNN| date=5 December 2018 |access-date=2019-12-12}}</ref> and Plymouth Marine tested 102 turtles and found plastic in every one of their stomachs. The researchers found more than 800 pieces of plastic in those 102 turtles. That was 20 times more than what was found in the last research. Those researchers stated that the most common things found were cigarette buds, tire, plastic in many forms and fishing material.

The chemicals in the plastic that sea life eats damages their internal organs and can also clog their airway. The chemicals in the plastic that they eat is also a leading cause of the death of the turtles. If the turtles are close to laying eggs, the chemicals that they ingested from the plastic can seep into their eggs and affect their offspring. It is unlikely for the baby sea turtles to survive with those chemicals in their system.

There is a large quantity of plastic in the ocean, 80% of which comes from landfills; the ratio of plankton to plastic in the ocean is one to six. The [[Great Pacific Garbage Patch]] is a swirl of garbage in the Pacific Ocean that is {{convert|20|ft|m|0|order=flip|abbr=on}} deep and contains 3.5 million tons of garbage. This is also known as the "plastic island".

==== Climate change ====
[[Climate change]] may also cause a threat to sea turtles. Since sand temperature at nesting beaches defines the sex of a sea turtle while developing in the egg, there is concern that rising temperatures may produce too many females.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://conserveturtles.org/information-sea-turtles-threats-climate-change/|title=Information About Sea Turtles: Threats from Climate Change – Sea Turtle Conservancy|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-25}}</ref> However, more research is needed to understand how climate change might affect sea turtle gender distribution and what other possible threats it may pose.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Hawkes | first1 = LA | last2 =Broderick | first2 =AC | title = Climate change and marine turtles | journal = Endangered Species Research | volume =7 | pages = 137–154| year = 2009 | doi = 10.3354/esr00198 | last3 = Godfrey | first3 = MH | last4 = Godley | first4 = BJ | doi-access = free }}</ref>

Studies have shown that climate<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oceanconservancy.org/blog/2018/01/25/not-cool-climate-change-turning-99-sea-turtles-female/|title=Not Cool: Climate Change Turning 99% of These Sea Turtles Female|date=2018-01-25|website=Ocean Conservancy|language=en|access-date=2019-12-12}}</ref> change in the world is making sea turtles gender change. The study that was in January 2018 ''[[Current Biology]]'' "Environmental Warning and Feminization of One of the Largest Sea Turtle Populations in the World", showed how baby sea turtles were being born female a lot more than being born male. Scientists took blood samples from many baby sea turtles near the Great Barrier Reef. Prior to this study, the ratio of male to female was pretty normal. There was a little more female than there was male but it was enough to keep reproduction and life cycle normal. The study showed that there was 99% more female sea turtles then male.

The temperature<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://conserveturtles.org/information-sea-turtles-threats-climate-change/|title=Information About Sea Turtles: Threats from Climate Change – Sea Turtle Conservancy|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-12}}</ref> of the sand has a big impact on the sex of the sea turtle. This is not common with other animals but it is with sea turtles. Warmer or hot sand usually makes the sea turtle female and the cooler the sand usually makes male. Climate change has made the temperatures much hotter than they should be. The temperature of the sand gets hotter every time it is time for sea turtles to lay their eggs. With that, adaption to the sand should occur but it would take generations for them to adapt to that one temperature. It would be hard because the temperature of the sand is always changing.

The sand temperature is not the only thing that impacts sea turtles. The rise of the sea levels messes with their memory. They have an imprinted map in their memory that shows where they usually give birth and go after they do. With the rise in water levels, that map is getting messed up and is hard for them to get back to where they started. It is also taking away their beaches that they lay their eggs on. Climate change also has an impact on the number of storms and the severity of them. Storms can wipe out the sea turtles nesting ground and take out the eggs that already laid. The rising level of water is also a way for the nesting grounds to disappear. Sea turtles maps and their nesting grounds getting destroyed is harmful to them. That is because with their maps being messed up and not being able to lay eggs where they usually do makes it hard for them to find a new place to nest. They usually stick to a schedule and the messing up of a schedule messes them up.

The temperature of the ocean is also rising. This impacts their diet and what they can eat. Coral reefs are majorly impacted by the rising temperatures and a lot of sea turtles' diet is coral reefs or in the coral reef. Most animals that live in coral reefs need the reefs to survive. With the reefs dying, the sea life around it also does, impacting many animals.

==== Oil spills ====
Sea turtles are very vulnerable to oil pollution, both because of the oil's tendency to linger on the water's surface, and because oil can affect them at every stage of their life cycle.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hirsch|first=Masako|title=Gulf oil spill's effects on sea turtles examined|url=http://www.nola.com/news/gulf-oil-spill/index.ssf/2010/06/gulf_oil_spills_effects_on_sea.html|access-date=17 May 2012|newspaper=nola.com|date=9 June 2010}}</ref> Oil can poison the sea turtles upon entering their digestive system.

Sea turtles<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://response.restoration.noaa.gov/about/media/how-do-oil-spills-affect-sea-turtles.html|title=How Do Oil Spills Affect Sea Turtles? {{!}} response.restoration.noaa.gov|website=response.restoration.noaa.gov|access-date=2019-12-12}}</ref> have a cycle that they follow from birth. The cycle depends on the sex of the turtle, but they follow it all the way through life. They start by hatching on the beach, they reach the water then move out to find food. They then start their breeding migration and then mate with another turtle. For females, they make their way to the beach to start it all over again. With males, they go back to feeding after mating and doing that over again. Oil spills can affect this cycle majorly. If the female was to go and lay eggs and ingest oil, the chemicals from the oil can get passed on to the offspring and will be hard for them to survive. The diet of the sea turtles can also be impacted by oil. If the things that they eat has oil on it or has ingested oil, it can get into their system and start attacking the insides of the turtle.

==== Rehabilitation ====
Injured sea turtles are rescued and [[Wildlife rehabilitation|rehabilitated]] (and, if possible, released back to the ocean) by professional organizations, such as the [[Gumbo Limbo Environmental Complex|Gumbo Limbo Nature Center]] in Boca Raton, Florida, the [[Karen Beasley Sea Turtle Center|Karen Beasley Sea Turtle Rescue and Rehabilitation Center]] in Surf City, North Carolina, and [[Sea Turtles 911]] in Hainan, China.

One rescued sea turtle, named Nickel for the coin that was found lodged in her throat, lives at the [[Shedd Aquarium]] in [[Chicago]].

The goal of rehabilitation is to improve sea turtles' quality of life. Rehabilitation is often carried out using treatments intended to address any injuries or illnesses that a turtle may be suffering from. Another option is [[analgesia]]. Euthanasia frequently relieves the pain of sea turtles who are seriously ill or damaged.<ref name=":25">{{Cite journal |last1=Innis |first1=Charles |last2=Finn |first2=Sarah |last3=Kennedy |first3=Adam |last4=Burgess |first4=Elizabeth |last5=Norton |first5=Terry |last6=Manire |first6=Charles |last7=Harms |first7=Craig |date=16 April 2019 |title=A Summary of Sea Turtles Released from Rescue and Rehabilitation Programs in the United States, with Observations on Re-Encounters |journal=Chelonian Conservation and Biology |volume=18 |issue=1|page=3 |doi=10.2744/CCB-1335.1 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Sea turtles can be returned to the wild if their rehabilitation is complete and they are in optimal health. The larger turtles are given a flipper tag and a [[passive integrated transponder]] (PIT) prior to being released. Despite having identifying tags, the turtles' living conditions often make it difficult to determine the results of rehabilitation.<ref name=":25" />

=== Symbiosis with barnacles ===
Sea turtles are believed to have a [[Commensalism|commensal]] relationship with some [[barnacle]]s, in which the barnacles benefit from growing on sea turtles without harming them. Barnacles are small, hard-shelled crustaceans found attached to multiple different substrates below or just above the ocean. The adult barnacle is a [[Sessility (zoology)|sessile]] organism; however, in its larval stage it is [[plankton]]ic and can move about the water column. The larval stage chooses where to settle and ultimately the habitat for its full adult life, which is typically between 5 and 10 years. However, estimates of age for a common sea turtle barnacle species, ''Chelonibia testudinaria'', suggest that this species lives for at least 21 months,<ref name=":15">{{Cite journal|last1=Doell|first1=Sophie A.|last2=Connolly|first2=Rod M.|last3=Limpus|first3=Colin J.|last4=Pearson|first4=Ryan M.|last5=van de Merwe|first5=Jason P.|date=2017|title=Using growth rates to estimate age of the sea turtle barnacle Chelonibia testudinaria|journal=Marine Biology|language=en|volume=164|issue=12|page=222|doi=10.1007/s00227-017-3251-5|bibcode=2017MarBi.164..222D |s2cid=31961046|issn=0025-3162}}</ref> with individuals older than this uncommon. ''Chelonibia'' barnacles have also been used to distinguish between the foraging areas of sea turtle hosts. By analyzing stable isotope ratios in barnacle shell material, scientist can identify differences in the water (temperature and salinity) that different hosts have been swimming through and thus differentiate between the home areas of host sea turtles.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pearson|first1=Ryan M.|last2=van de Merwe|first2=Jason P.|last3=Gagan|first3=Michael K.|last4=Limpus|first4=Colin J.|last5=Connolly|first5=Rod M.|date=2019|title=Distinguishing between sea turtle foraging areas using stable isotopes from commensal barnacle shells|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=9|issue=1|page=6565|doi=10.1038/s41598-019-42983-4|pmid=31024029|pmc=6483986|issn=2045-2322|bibcode=2019NatSR...9.6565P}}</ref>

A favorite settlement for barnacle larvae is the shell or skin around the neck of sea turtles. The larvae glue themselves to the chosen spot, a thin layer of flesh is wrapped around them and a shell is secreted. Many species of barnacles can settle on any substrate; however, some species of barnacles have an obligatory commensal relationship with specific animals, which makes finding a suitable location harder.<ref name="ZardusHadfield2004">{{Cite journal | last1 = Zardus | first1 = J. D. | last2 = Hadfield | first2 = M. G. | doi = 10.1651/C-2476 | title = Larval development and complemental males in ''Chelonibia testudinaria'', a barnacle commensal with sea turtles | journal = Journal of Crustacean Biology | volume = 24 | issue = 3 | pages = 409–421 | year = 2004 | doi-access = free| bibcode = 2004JCBio..24..409H }}</ref> Around 29 species of "turtle barnacles" have been recorded. However, it is not solely on sea turtles that barnacles can be found; other organisms also serve as a barnacle's settlements. These organisms include mollusks, whales, decapod crustaceans, manatees and several other groups related to these species.<ref>Epibiont Research Cooperative. 2007. [http://www.seaturtle.org/documents/ERC-SP1.pdf A synopsis of the literature on the turtle barnacle (Cirripedia: Balanomorpha: Coronuloidea) 1758–2007]. Accessed 28 Nov 2012.</ref>

Sea turtle shells are an ideal habitat for adult barnacles for three reasons. Sea turtles tend to live long lives, greater than 70 years, so barnacles do not have to worry about host death. However, mortality in sea turtle barnacles is often driven by their host shedding the scutes on which the barnacle is attached, rather than the death of the sea turtle itself.<ref name=":15" /> Secondly, barnacles are [[suspension feeder]]s. Sea turtles spend most of their lives swimming and following ocean currents and as water runs along the back of the sea turtle's shell it passes over the barnacles, providing an almost constant water flow and influx of food particles. Lastly, the long distances and inter-ocean travel these sea turtles swim throughout their lifetime offers the perfect mechanism for dispersal of barnacle larvae. Allowing the barnacle species to distribute themselves throughout global waters is a high fitness advantage of this commensalism.<ref>[http://bio390parasitology.blogspot.ca/2012/03/free-ride-under-sea-barnacles-and.html A free ride under the sea: barnacles and baleen whales]. Themes of Parasitology. 2012. Web. 28 Nov 2012.</ref>

This relationship, however, is not truly commensal. While the barnacles are not directly [[Parasitism|parasitic]] to their hosts, they have negative effects to the sea turtles on which they choose to reside. The barnacles add extra weight and drag to the sea turtle, increasing the energy it needs for swimming and affecting its ability to capture prey, with the effect increasing with the quantity of barnacles affixed to its back.{{Citation needed|reason=The previous reference for this paragraph does not seem to support it? http://true-wildlife.blogspot.ca/2011/01/barnacle.html|date=January 2022}}

==See also==
* [[Cultural depictions of turtles]]
* [[Kélonia]]—sea turtle observatory in [[Réunion]]
* [[Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for Marine Turtles of the Atlantic Coast of Africa]]
* [[Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of Marine Turtles and their Habitats of the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia]]
* [[Sandwatch]]
* [[Sea Turtle Association of Japan, Kuroshima Research Station]]
* [[Sea Turtle Conservancy]]
* [[Sea turtle migration]]
* [[Sea Turtles 911]]
* [[Shrimp-Turtle Case]]
* [[Threats to sea turtles]]
*[[Use of sea turtles in West African traditional medicine]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==

* {{cite journal |last1=Brongersma |first1=L.D. |year=1972 |title=European Atlantic Turtles |url=http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/317577 |journal=[[Zoologische Verhandelingen]] |volume=121 |pages=1–318 |ref=none }}
* {{cite book |last=Davidson |first=Osha Gray |title=Fire In The Turtle House: The Green Sea Turtle and the Fate of the Ocean |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=meyvDAEACAAJ}} |date=14 August 2003 |publisher=PublicAffairs |isbn=978-1-58648-199-5 |ref=none }}
* {{cite book |title=The Turtle Lady: Ila Fox Loetscher of South Padre |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=NuquPQAACAAJ}} |last=Sizemore |first=Evelyn |year=2002 |page=220 |publisher=Republic of Texas Press |location=Plano, Texas |isbn= 978-1-55622-896-4 |ref=none }}
* {{cite book |last=Spotila |first=James R. |title=Sea Turtles: A Complete Guide to Their Biology, Behavior, and Conservation |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=dpsJrFxVIvUC}} |date=26 October 2004 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-0-8018-8007-0 |ref=none }}
* {{cite book |last=Witherington |first=Blair E. |title=Sea Turtles: An Extraordinary Natural History of Some Uncommon Turtles |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=h-EJy0BQ_RkC}} |year=2006 |publisher=Voyageur Press |isbn=978-0-7603-2644-2 |ref=none }}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikispecies|Chelonioidea}}
*[http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20081226000000/http://cbc.amnh.org/center/programs/reptiles-seaturtles.html Sea Turtle Research and Conservation – Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, American Museum of Natural History]

{{Testudines}}

{{Taxonbar |from=Q219329}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sea turtle}}
[[Category:Sea turtles| ]]
[[Category:Chelonioidea| ]]
[[Category:Endangered animals]]
[[Category:Extant Albian first appearances]]

Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Music Director Award (Hindi)

2026-02-18T17:00:23Z

Maleeha:

{{Short description|Indian film award}}
Here is a list of the recipients of the Best Music Director Award (Hindi) given by [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards|Bengal Film Journalists' Association]] and the films for which they won.

{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" width="50%"
|- bgcolor="#d1e4fd"
! Year || Music Director || Film
|-
| 2007 ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 2006 ||
|-
| 2005 ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 2004 ||
|-
| 2003 ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 2002 ||
|-
| 2001 ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 2000 ||
|-
| 1999 ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1998 || ||
|-
| 1997 ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1996 ||
|-
| 1995 ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1994 || ||
|-
| 1993 || [[Anand–Milind]] || [[Beta (film)|Beta]]
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1992 ||
|-
| 1991 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1990 || ||
|-
| 1989 || [[Anand–Milind]] || [[Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak]]
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1988 ||
|-
| 1987 ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1986 || [[Ravindra Jain]] || [[Ram Teri Ganga Maili]]
|-
| 1985 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1984 || ||
|-
| 1983 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1982 || ||
|-
| 1981 ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1980 || ||
|-
| 1979 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1978 || ||
|-
| 1977 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1976 ||
|-
| 1975 || [[Kalyanji-Anandji]] || [[Kora Kagaz]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfjaawards.com/legacy/pastwin/197235.htm?_e_pi_=7%2CPAGE_ID10%2C1328874186 |title=STL News | World News | Breaking News | Latest News | Today News |website=www.bfjaawards.com |access-date=13 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422071853/http://www.bfjaawards.com/legacy/pastwin/197235.htm?_e_pi_=7%2CPAGE_ID10%2C1328874186 |archive-date=22 April 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1974 || ||
|-
| 1973 || R. D. Burman || [[Hare Rama Hare Krishna (1971 film)|Hare Rama Hare Krishna]]
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1972 ||
|-
| 1971 || [[S. D. Burman]] || [[Aradhana (1969 film)|Aradhana]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfjaawards.com/legacy/pastwin/197134.htm?_e_pi_=7%2CPAGE_ID10%2C3510523608 |title=STL News | World News | Breaking News | Latest News | Today News |website=www.bfjaawards.com |access-date=13 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421212747/http://www.bfjaawards.com/legacy/pastwin/197134.htm?_e_pi_=7%2CPAGE_ID10%2C3510523608 |archive-date=21 April 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1970 || [[Kalyanji-Anandji]] || Saraswatichandra
|-
| 1969 ||
|-
| 1968 || [[Laxmikant–Pyarelal]] || [[Milan (1967 film)|Milan]]
|-
| 1967 || [[Shankar Jaikishan]] || [[Teesri Kasam]]
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1966 || [[S. D. Burman]] || [[Teen Devian]]
|-
| 1965 || [[J. P. Kaushik]] || [[Shehar Aur Sapna]]
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1964 || [[Chitragupta (composer)|Chitragupta]] || [[Ganga Maiya Tohe Pyaar Chadhaibo]]
|-
| 1963 || [[Hemant Kumar]] || [[Bees Saal Baad (1962 film)|Bees Saal Baad]]
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1962 || [[Naushad]] || [[Ganga Jumna]]
|-
| 1961 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1960 || ||
|-
| 1959 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1958 || ||
|-
| 1957 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1956 || ||
|-
| 1955 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1954 || ||
|-
| 1953 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1952 || ||
|-
| 1951 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1950 || ||
|-
| 1949 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1948 || ||
|-
| 1947 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1946 || Amir Ali || Panna
|-
| 1945 || [[R. C. Boral]] || Wapas
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1944 || ||
|-
|1943 || ||
|- bgcolor=#edf3fe
| 1942 || ||
|}

==See also==

* [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards]]
* [[Cinema of India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* https://web.archive.org/web/20080229010408/http://www.bfjaawards.com/

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bengal Film Journalists' Association - Best Music Director Award}}
[[Category:Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards|Best Music Director Playback]]

Amitabha Singh

2026-02-14T00:19:38Z

Maleeha: Article updated with improved flow

{{Short description|Indian cinematographer}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2026}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Amitabha Singh
| image = Amitabha Singh.jpg
| alt = Amitabha Singh wearing a grey hoodie with lettering over an olive green shirt, grinning and looking right of camera
| caption = Singh in 2014
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = 
| birth_place =
| other_names =
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Cinematographer]]|[[film producer]]|[[film director]]}}
| years_active = 1994–present
| known_for =
}}

'''Amitabha Singh''' is an Indian [[cinematographer]] and [[Film producer|producer]] known for the film ''[[Khosla Ka Ghosla]]'' and the [[National Film Awards|award]]-winning ''[[Chillar Party]]'', among others. ''[[The Good Road]]'', a 2013 film he produced, fetched numerous accolades and was screened at various international film festivals. It was selected as India's official entry in the [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Best Foreign Language Film]] category at the [[86th Academy Awards]]. It won the award for Best [[Gujarati film]] at the [[60th National Film Awards]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/1892492/report-india-s-oscar-entry-the-good-road-producer-thinks-the-film-can-make-it-to-top-five |title=India's Oscar entry The Good Road producer thinks the film can make it to top-five – Entertainment – DNA |website=www.dnaindia.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925020925/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/1892492/report-india-s-oscar-entry-the-good-road-producer-thinks-the-film-can-make-it-to-top-five |archive-date=25 September 2013}}</ref> Singh started his career in 1994. In 2016, he launched the social enterprise Cinevidya,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=30 March 2017 |title=One Man Wants to Change the Landscape of Indian Cinema by Training Kids to Become Filmmakers |url=https://thebetterindia.com/93686/cinevidya-amitabha-singh-children-filmmaking/ |website=The Better India}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Raised in various cities across India, Amitabha Singh developed an interest in visual arts and media, influenced by the country's rich cinematic culture.<ref name=":0" /> Prior to pursuing filmmaking, he earned a degree in computer science at [[Delhi University]], mathematics at [[Banaras Hindu University]], and Japanese studies at [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]] in New Delhi, graduating in 1994.<ref name="videaawards">{{cite web|title=Amitabha Singh |url=https://videaawards.com/jury/amitabha-singh/ |website=videaawards.com |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> He went on to study at the [[Film and Television Institute of India]] in Pune.<ref name=":0" />

==Career==
Singh began filming television commercials in Mumbai in 1995.<ref name="videaawards" /> His breakthrough came with his [[cinematography]] for the 2006 satirical comedy ''[[Khosla Ka Ghosla]]!'', directed by [[Dibakar Banerjee]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Amatabha Singh |url=https://www.cinevidya.com/amitabha-singh.php |website=cinevidya.com |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref> He gained further acclaim for ''[[Chillar Party]]'' (2011), a children's film co-directed by [[Nitesh Tiwari]] and [[Vikas Bahl]]. In 2013, Singh served as both producer and cinematographer for ''[[The Good Road]]'', a [[Gujarati language|Gujarati-language]] drama directed by Gyan Correa, which was selected as India's official entry for the [[Academy Award for Best International Feature Film|Best Foreign Language Film]] at the [[86th Academy Awards]] and won Best Feature Film in Gujarati at the [[60th National Film Awards]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Television, Good Road enter Oscar race |url=https://www.screendaily.com/television-good-road-enter-oscar-race/5060690.article |website=screendaily.com |date=23 September 2013 |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref> His directorial debut, ''[[Shortcut Safari]]'' (2016), an adventure film aimed at young audiences, emphasized environmental themes and was screened at the [[National Children's Film Festival]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2014 |title=The little champs |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/filmmaker-amitabha-singh-shares-his-views-about-making-films-for-the-young-and-the-innocent/article6599014.ece |website=The Hindu}}</ref>

Singh went on to work on the [[Amazon Prime Video|Amazon Prime]] series ''[[Panchayat (TV series)|Panchayat]]'' (2020–present), the third season of which earned him a nomination for Best Cinematographer in a Series at the [[2024 Filmfare OTT Awards]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Filmfare OTT Awards 2024 |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-ott-awards-2024/nominations#177 |website=filmfare.com |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref>

Three of his projects have received National Film Awards.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=12 February 2026 |title=vIDEA 2026 – The Video Media Awards & Summit |url=https://videaawards.com/jury/amitabha-singh/ |access-date=13 February 2026 |website=The Video Media Awards & Summit}}</ref>

===Cinevidya===
Singh founded Cinevidya in 2014 as a film education initiative aimed at introducing filmmaking and cinematic storytelling to children and young people. The organisation conducts multiday workshops covering script development, cinematography, production, and editing.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2023 |title=250 students participate in film-making workshop at Chitkara Int'l School |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/250-students-participate-in-film-making-workshop-at-chitkara-int-l-school-101676644520410.html |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> Cinevidya also organises school-level film festival programmes under the CineMaestro banner, in collaboration with educational institutions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2024 |title=Chandigarh: Chitkara International School, Cinevidya host film festival |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/chandigarh-chitkara-international-school-cinevidya-host-film-festival-101729796834336.html |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

===Documentary film===
In 2024, Singh directed the short documentary film ''Reviving Roots'' for the UN Water Conference.<ref>{{cite AV media |last=Dholakia |first=Savji |date=2025 |title=Watch: From Diamond King to Environmental Hero: The Savji Dholakia Story |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SzRXZMWw6Hs |format=Video |publisher=YouTube.com |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref> It chronicles the life and philanthropic initiatives of Savji Bhai Dholakia, a diamond entrepreneur and social reform advocate.<ref>{{cite AV media|last=Dholakia |first=Savji |date=2025 |title=The Gagdiya River Revival: A Bold Step Toward Environmental Change |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6usq5mk9HrE |format=Video |publisher=YouTube.com |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref>

In 2025, Singh's documentary film ''Simhastha Kumbh'' received a $5,000 Special Cash Grant in the Co-Production Market Documentary category at the WAVES Film Bazaar, presented by [[Netflix]] and filmmaker [[Sriram Raghavan]].<ref>{{cite web|title=National Film Development Corporation (NFDC)'s Post |url=https://www.linkedin.com/posts/nfdcindia_wavesfilmbazaar-filmbazaar-cinephiles-activity-7402696774127181825-eubm?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_android&rcm=ACoAAA5BAlYBdLSanBJZAZ1x9uR7rwENUBwnmZ0 |website=linkedin.com |date=2025 |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 November 2025 |title=WAVES Film Bazaar 2025 Wraps With Awards |url=https://variety.com/2025/film/markets-festivals/waves-film-bazaar-2025-awards-1236590714/ |access-date=13 February 2026 |website=Variety.com}}</ref>

His 2025 short film ''Khoya Paya'' focuses on the Hindu festival of [[Kumbh Mela]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2025 |title=Khoya Paya – खोया पाया |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Gv90WQUYK8 |access-date=13 February 2026 |website=YouTube.com}}</ref>

==Selected filmography==
{{columns-start}}
'''As cinematographer'''
* ''[[Sau Jhooth Ek Sach]]'' (2005)
* ''[[The Film (film)|The Film]]'' (2005)
* ''[[Khosla Ka Ghosla]]'' (2006)
* ''[[MP3: Mera Pehla Pehla Pyaar]]'' (2007)
* ''[[De Taali]]'' (2008)
* ''[[Thodi Life Thoda Magic]]'' (2008)
* ''[[Aagey Se Right]]'' (2009)
* ''[[Chillar Party]]''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.etc.in/reviews/read.html?id=588 |title=Chillar Party Movie Review :: Review :: ETC Channel Official Website |website=www.etc.in |access-date=26 January 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120905235044/http://www.etc.in/reviews/read.html?id=588 |archive-date=5 September 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> (2011)
* ''[[Yeh Faasley]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.glamsham.com/celebrity/amitabha-singh|title=OTT | TV | Bollywood | Hollywood - News, Reviews, Gossips|date=7 August 2021}}</ref> (2011)
* ''[[The Good Road]]'' (2013)
* ''[[Panchayat (web series)|Panchayat]]'' (2020–present)
{{column}}
'''As producer'''
* ''Sau Jhooth Ek Sach'' (2005)
* ''[[Shortcut Safari]]'' (2016)

'''As director'''
* ''Shortcut Safari'' (2016)
{{columns-end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|1873287}}
* [https://www.cinevidya.com/ Cinevidya]

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Amitabha}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Hindi film cinematographers]]
[[Category:Hindi film producers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Indian cinematographers]]
[[Category:Indian documentary film directors]]

Panambur Beach

2026-02-09T11:02:17Z

Maleeha: starting new stub basic info - done

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Panambur Beach
| settlement_type = Beach
| image_skyline = Panambur Beach Mangalore.jpg
| image_caption = Clouds over the sea at Panambur Beach
| subdivision_type = Location
| subdivision_name = [[Panambur]]
| subdivision_type1 = City
| subdivision_type2 = Country
| subdivision_type3 = District
| subdivision_type4 = Lifeguard Available
| subdivision_type5 = Important Events
| subdivision_type6 = Activities
| subdivision_name1 = [[Mangaluru]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[India]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Dakshina Kannada]]
| subdivision_name4 = Yes
| subdivision_name5 = *Beach Festival
*Kite Festival
| subdivision_name6 = {{hlist|[[Human swimming|Swimming]]|[[Parasailing]]|[[Boating|Boat rides]]|[[Surfing]]|[[Personal water craft|Water Scooters]]|[[Camel|Camel Rides]]|[[Horse Riding]]|[[Dune buggy|AT Buggy]]|[[Dolphin Safari]]}}
| governing_body = [[Mangaluru City Corporation]]
| website =
}}

'''Panambur Beach''' is a [[beach]] on the shores of the [[Arabian Sea]] in the city of [[Mangaluru]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Karnataka]].

It is the most popular, well connected and the most visited [[beach]] of [[Karnataka]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.trayaan.com/2014/12/panambur-beach-evening-sunset-in-mangalore-mangaluru-coastal-karnataka.html|title=An evening at Panambur Beach|date=2014-12-22|website=trayaan.com|access-date=2016-10-05}}</ref>

[[Panambur]] beach is about {{Convert|10|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of Mangalore [[Statebank, Mangalore|city center]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dk.nic.in/beaches.htm|title=TOURISM - Beaches|website=DC Office, Dakshina Kannada, Mangalore|access-date=5 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206032021/http://www.dk.nic.in/beaches.htm|archive-date=6 February 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> and comes under the administration of [[Mangaluru City Corporation]]. It is maintained by a private enterprise under the banner of Panambur Beach Tourism Development Project.

Attractions include [[Personal watercraft|jet ski]] rides, boating, [[dolphin]] viewing, food stalls and beach festivals. Trained [[lifeguard]]s patrol the beach to ensure visitor safety.

This beach is popular for its sunsets, the port area and picnic spot. The ships anchored out in the sea waiting for berth in the [[New Mangalore Port|harbor]] can be seen from the beach.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.trawell.in/karnataka/mangalore/panambur-beach|title=PANAMBUR BEACH - TRAVEL INFO|newspaper=Trawell.in|access-date=2016-11-16}}</ref>

== The Breakwater ==
Panambur beach is beside the [[New Mangalore Port|New Mangalore Sea Port]]. The rock wall forms the northern breakwater of the [[New Mangalore Port|sea port]] entrance and protects vessels at anchorage from the weather and [[longshore drift]]. Walking on the breakwater rocks is forbidden.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.trayaan.com/2014/12/panambur-beach-evening-sunset-in-mangalore-mangaluru-coastal-karnataka.html#.WCyXFdV97IU|title=An evening at Panambur Beach|date=2014-12-22|newspaper=Trayaan|access-date=2016-11-16}}</ref> The port has to abide by International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code and keep the breakwater free of people.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/forbidden-breakwater-lures-panambur-beachgoers/article5709070.ece|title=Forbidden breakwater lures Panambur beach-goers|last=Phadnis|first=Renuka|date=2014-02-20|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-01-19|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Facilities ==
The beach has activities like [[jet skiing]], [[boating]], [[chariot]], [[camel]] and [[Equestrianism|horse rides]]. There are many food stalls. Children can be entertained by joy riders that are plenty in number. The beach warms up during the carnivals. [[Parking]] facility can be utilised by visitors for two wheelers and four wheelers by paying a [[parking fee]].<ref name=":0" />

== Events ==
[[File:Panamburbeach057.jpg|thumb|278x278px|Sunset at Panambur beach]]
Events such as beach festivals and [[kite festival]]s are occasionally organized here. Other events include boat races, air shows and sand sculpture contests.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Panambur Beach Mangalore {{!}} Things to do in Mangalore Beach|url=https://www.karnatakatourism.org/tour-item/panambur-beach/|access-date=2021-12-27|website=Karnataka Tourism|language=en-GB}}</ref>

=== Kite festival ===
[[File:Kite at Panambur beach Mangalore.jpg|thumb|188x188px|Kite at Panambur beach|left]]
The International Kite festival is one of the major tourist attraction of this beach, where teams from around the world along with the kite enthusiasts participate in the festival. Teams from various countries such as [[England]], [[France]], [[Netherlands]], [[Germany]], [[Kuwait]], [[Thailand]], [[Australia]], [[Singapore]] and [[Turkey]] have actively participated in the past. Kite enthusiasts under the name "Team Mangalore" have always been hosting Kite Festivals in this beach with the support of industrial giants such as [[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation|ONGC]], [[Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited|MRPL]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2012 |title=International Kite Festival at Panambur Beach |url=http://www.panamburbeach.com/mangalore-international-kite-festival-takes-to-the-skies-at-panambur-beach |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119080010/http://www.panamburbeach.com:80/mangalore-international-kite-festival-takes-to-the-skies-at-panambur-beach/ |archive-date=19 January 2013 |access-date=2 June 2023 |website=panamburbeach.com}}</ref>

=== Beach festival ===
The district administration of [[Dakshina Kannada]] organises the beach festival as part of the famous "''Karavali Utsav"'' which translates to ''Coastal festival.'' It is said that approximately 2.5 lakh attend the beach festival.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} Several stalls will be put up for the public. Entertainment and stage programmes are held across three days and include dance and singing competitions.

== Accessibility ==
[[File:Panambur Beach Panorama.jpg|thumb|426x426px|Clouds over the beach]]
Panambur Beach is well connected by public transport. There are several city buses from the main bus stop in [[Statebank, Mangalore|Statebank]]. One can also take the non-express service buses that give a stop for Panambur Beach right at the [[Panambur]] Beach road joining national [[highway]] [[National Highway 66 (India)|NH-66]] (older number: NH17). Once off the bus, one can take a small walk down the road leading to the beach.

Distance from:
*[[New Mangalore Port]]- 4 km
*[[National Institute of Technology Karnataka]] - 8 km
*[[Tannirbhavi Beach]] 9 km
*[[Pumpwell]] - 13 km
*[[Pilikula Nisargadhama]] - 16 km
*[[Sasihithlu Beach]] - 23 km
*Infosys DC, Mudipu - 32 km
*[[Manipal]] - 56 km
*[[Dharmasthala]] - 81 km
*[[Kukke Subramanya Temple]] - 110 km
* [[Kannur]], [[Kerala]] - 149 km
*[[Murdeshwar]] - 151 km
*[[Gokarna, Karnataka|Gokarna]] - 226 km
*[[Mysore]] - 261 km
*[[Hubli]] - 353 km
*[[Bangalore]] - 356 km
*[[Panaji]], [[Goa]] - 360 km

Nearest Railway Stations:
*[[Surathkal railway station]] - 6 km
*[[Mangalore Central railway station]] - 14 km
*[[Mangalore Junction railway station]] - 15 km

Nearest Airport:
* [[Mangalore Airport (India)|Mangalore International Airport (India)]] - 14 km

== Climate ==
Mangaluru has a [[tropical monsoon climate]] and is under the direct influence of the [[Arabian Sea]] branch of the southwest [[monsoon]].

It's prohibited from water sports during monsoon season.{{Citation needed|date=July 2023}}

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Panambur Beach (4531113646).jpg|
File:Wind controlled Toy From Panambur Beach.jpg|
File:Panambur Beach (4530444301).jpg|
File:Mangalore Harbour entrance 0452.jpg|
File:At the dawn.jpg|
File:PanamburRocks.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[Panambur]]
* [[Sasihithlu Beach]]
* [[NITK Beach]]
* [[Tannirbhavi Beach]]
* [[Ullal beach]]
* [[Someshwar Beach]]
* [[Pilikula Nisargadhama]]
* [[Kadri Park]]
* [[Tagore Park]]
* Bejai Museum
* Aloyseum
* Kudla Kudru

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Panambur Beach}}

{{coord missing|Karnataka}}
{{Hydrology of Karnataka|state=expanded}}

[[Category:Beaches of Mangalore]]

Lulu Mall, Thiruvananthapuram

2026-02-07T17:10:08Z

Maleeha: Enhanced content and organization

{{Short description|Shopping mall in Kerala, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}

{{Infobox shopping mall
| name = LuLu Mall Thiruvananthapuram
| image = Lulu Trivandrum.jpg
| caption = Lulu International Shopping Mall
| native_name_lang = ലുലു മാൾ തിരുവനന്തപുരം
| logo = Lulu Trivandrum logo.png
| logo_width = 100
| location = [[Aakkulam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala]], India
| mapframe-zoom = 14
| coordinates = {{coord|8|30|55|N|76|53|55|E}}
| address = [[NH 66]]
| opening_date = 17 December 2021
| developer = [[Sobha (company)|Sobha Pvt. Limited]]
| owner = [[Lulu Hypermarket|LuLu Group International]]
| architect = [[Design International]]
| number_of_stores = 300+
| number_of_anchors = 12<ref name="mallarea">{{cite web|title=State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority Kerala|url=http://www.seiaakerala.org/issued_ec/156.16,04.10.16_1054.pdf|website=SEIAA Kerala|publisher=Government of Kerala|access-date=1 April 2018}}</ref>
| floor_area = {{cvt|2200003|sqft}}<ref name="aboutmall">{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.thiruvananthapuram.lulumall.in/about-us/ |website=LuLu Mall Thiruvananthapuram |publisher=LuLu Malls India |access-date=9 February 2025}}</ref>
| floors = LG+G+2 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thiruvananthapuram.lulumall.in/floor-plan/|title = Floor Plan}}</ref>
| parking = 3800+
| publictransit = [[Thiruvananthapuram North railway station]], {{cvt|2|km}},
[[Central bus station Thiruvananthapuram]], {{cvt|8|km}}
| website = {{URL|https://www.thiruvananthapuram.lulumall.in/}}
}}
'''Lulu Mall Thiruvananthapuram''' is a [[shopping mall]] located in [[Thiruvananthapuram]], the capital city of [[Kerala]], India. With a total built up area of 22,00,003 sq.ft, it is the biggest mall in Kerala and one of the largest malls in India.<ref name="aboutmall"></ref>

The shopping mall is located along the side of [[National Highway 66 (India)|National Highway 66]] at [[Aakkulam]] near [[Technopark, Trivandrum|Technopark]] the biggest IT park in Kerala. The mall has around 300 national and international brands and 12 anchor stores including a Lulu Hypermarket, largest indoor entertainment zone in the country,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-10-20 |title=Lulu Mall Thiruvananthapuram - Biggest Mall of Kerala |url=https://www.magicbricks.com/blog/lulu-mall-thiruvananthapuram/129992.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807035213/https://www.magicbricks.com/blog/lulu-mall-thiruvananthapuram/129992.html |archive-date=2023-08-07 |access-date=2025-08-18 |work=Magicbricks Blog |language=en}}</ref> a multilevel car parking space for more than 3,800 cars. It also has the largest [[food court]] in India with a capacity for 2500 people serving various regional, international cuisines. The mall houses Kerala's only PVR Superplex having 12 screens and the state's first IMAX screen<ref name="lulufeatures">{{cite news|last1=Lamba|first1=Charu|title=Lulu Group's new 19-acre Kerala mall will use technology, data to give consumers a super-enhanced experience|url=http://www.indiaretailing.com/2017/07/18/shopping-centre/lulu-groups-new-19-acre-kerala-mall-will-use-technology-data-to-give-consumers-a-super-enhanced-experience/|access-date=1 April 2018|agency=India Retailing|date=18 July 2017}}</ref> by [[PVR Cinemas|PVR cinemas]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=About Mall |url=https://thiruvananthapuram.lulumall.in/ |access-date=2021-12-17 |website=LuLu Mall |language=en}}</ref> The property is owned and managed by [[M. A. Yusuff Ali|M.A. Yusuff Ali]], the chairman and managing director of [[LuLu Group International]].

==History==
Initially [[LuLu Group International]] planned to construct a relatively smaller mall in [[Pattom]], [[Trivandrum|Thiruvananthapuram]] with an investment of {{INRConvert|500|c}}.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Karun|first1=Shenoy|title=EMKE Group to invest3k crore in Kerala|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/EMKE-Group-to-invest3k-crore-in-Kerala/articleshow/19624216.cms?|access-date=1 April 2018|agency=The Times of India|date=19 April 2013}}</ref> But later they bought a 46 acres land in Aakkulam along the highway and made the decision to build a bigger mall with a projected budget of {{INRConvert|2000|c}}.<ref name="lulunews">{{cite news|date=12 August 2016|title=Rs 2,000 cr Lulu Mall to come up in Thiruvananthapuram|agency=Business Standard|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/rs-2-000-cr-lulu-mall-to-come-up-in-thiruvananthapuram-116081201687_1.html|access-date=1 April 2018}}</ref> The construction was started in August 2016 but the works were interrupted several times due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] restrictions put up by both the State and Central Governments which cost an additional ₹ 220 crores for the project.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Padanna|first1=Ashraf|title=LuLu starts work on mall in Thiruvananthapuram|url=http://www.gulf-times.com/story/508879/LuLu-starts-work-on-mall-in-Thiruvananthapuram|access-date=1 April 2018|agency=Gulf Times|date=20 August 2016}}</ref> It was inaugurated by Sri. [[Pinarayi Vijayan]], the honourable [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] in the presence of H.E. Dr. [[Thani bin Ahmed Al Zeyoudi]], the honourable Minister for Foreign Trade [[United Arab Emirates]] on 16 December 2021 and opened to the public on 17 December 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Formal Inauguration of Lulu Mall, Thiruvananthapuram - YouTube Livestream |website = [[YouTube]]| date=16 December 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDuhLPk9bMQ}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=2021-12-17|title=Kerala CM Pinarayi Vijayan inaugurates iconic Trivandrum Lulu Mall|url=https://english.madhyamam.com/business/kerala-cm-pinarayi-vijayan-inaugurates-iconic-trivandrum-lulu-mall-893962|access-date=2021-12-17|work=[[Madhyamam]]|language=en}}</ref>

==Description and features==

The shopping mall is located along the side of [[National Highway 66 (India)|National Highway 66]] at [[Aakkulam]]. The mall has a parking space for up to 3,800 cars with traffic management systems like [[Automatic number-plate recognition|ANPR]].<ref name=":0" /> The mall has a [[food court]] with a capacity for 2,500 people and a 12 screen [[Multiplex (movie theater)|multiplex]] which include [[4DX]] screen and IMAX also by PVR Cinemas.{{cn|date=July 2025}}

== Transport ==
* [[Kochuveli railway station|Thiruvananthapuram North Railway Station]], {{cvt|2|km}}
* [[Thiruvananthapuram Central railway station|Thiruvananthapuram Central City Railway Station]], {{cvt|8|km}}
* [[Central bus station Thiruvananthapuram|Thiruvanathapuram Central Bus Station]], {{cvt|8|km}}
* [[Thiruvananthapuram International Airport]], {{cvt|5|km}}
* [[Vizhinjam International Seaport|Thiruvanathapuram - Vizhijam International Seaport]], {{cvt|20|km}}

==See also==
* [[Mall of Travancore]]
* [[Taurus Zentrum]]

==References ==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.lulugroupinternational.com/ LuLu Group]

{{Shopping malls in Kerala |state=expanded}}
{{Shopping malls in India}}
{{Thiruvananthapuram}}

[[Category:Shopping malls in Thiruvananthapuram]]
[[Category:2021 establishments in Kerala]]
[[Category:Shopping malls established in 2021]]
[[Category:Lulu Malls]]
[[Category:LuLu Group]]

Koshala Literature Festival

2026-02-07T13:58:27Z

Maleeha: new info!

{{Improve categories|date=July 2025}}{{Orphan|date=July 2025}}
{{Short description|Annual literary event organized in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
The [[Kosala (Mahajanapada)|Koshala]] Literature Festival is an annual literary event held in [[Lucknow]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]. The event is organised by the Perspective Cultural Society since 2022, and features sessions on literature, music, visual arts, regional history and contemporary social issues. So far, the festival has hosted authors, thinkers, historians, poets, artists and commentators.

== History & Timeline ==

'''Edition 1'''

Venue – Sangeet Natak Akademi

The first edition of the festival<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kaushik |first=Shrimansi |date=2024-01-02 |title=Enchanting evening at Chowmahalla |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2024/Jan/02/enchanting-evening-at-chowmahalla-2646885.html |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> was a three-day-long event, held at the Sangeet Natak Akademi. The event kicked-off on the 4th of November 2024 and concluded on 6 November 2024.

'''Edition 2'''

Venue - [[La Martinière College, Lucknow|La Martinière College]]

The second edition of the event was held in 2024, after a gap one year, at the La Martinière College<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ghosh |first=Aakash |date=12 February 2024 |title=Mughal-e-Azam's Etawah connection |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/mughaleazams-etawah-connection-101707679091153.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Deb |first=Sreya |date=12 February 2024 |title=Koshala Literature Festival: Duo authors chapter of cultural rejuvenation in Lucknow's journey |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/koshala-literature-festival-duo-authors-chapter-of-cultural-rejuvenation-in-lucknow-s-journey-101707658381240.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref> in Lucknow. It was again a three-day-long event, spanning from then 9 February to the 11th February 2024.<ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=7 February 2024 |title=Koshala Literature Festival to return with cultural extravaganza |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/koshala-literature-festival-to-return-with-cultural-extravaganza-101707241332349.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

'''Edition 3'''

Venue - Sangeet Natak Akademi

In its third edition, the event returned to its original venue, the Sangeet Natak Akademi.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-11-23 |title=Patrons dress up like 'literary giants', present iconic work as they would have |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/literary-giants-come-to-life-koshala-literature-fest-celebrates-iconic-poets-and-their-work/articleshow/115576549.cms |access-date=2025-07-30 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-11-23 |title='Pyaasa' made Sahir a poster boy of lyricism' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/sahir-ludhianvi-the-lyricist-behind-bollywoods-golden-era-and-pyaasa/articleshow/115576503.cms |access-date=2025-07-30 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> The event was held between 22 November 2024 and 24 November 2024. The third edition was themed “Sanskriti: India’s Cultural Heritage”.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-11-20 |title=Koshala lit fest to blend in music, art and culture |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/koshala-literature-festival-2024-a-celebration-of-music-art-and-culture/articleshow/115462898.cms |access-date= |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

'''Edition 4'''

Venue - UP Darshan Park<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Koshala Literature Festival 2025 Returns to Lucknow: Four Days of Words, Music, Culture & the Citys New UNESCO Honour |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/business/koshala-literature-festival-2025-returns-to-lucknow-four-days-of-words-music-culture-the-citys-new-unesco-honour/ |access-date=2025-12-18 |website=The Tribune |language=en}}</ref>

The fourth edition of the event was held at the UP Darshan Park. It was a four-day-long event. Spanning from 27th November to 30th November 2025<ref name=":3" />, the fourth edition was themed “Celebrating Diversity.”

== Featured guests ==

=== Season 1 ===
[[Devdutt Pattanaik]],<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-11-07 |title=Lit Fest: Devdutt Pattanaik deciphers Hindu mythology |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/lit-fest-devdutt-pattanaik-deciphers-hindu-mythology/articleshow/95346072.cms |access-date=2025-07-30 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> [[Ashwin Sanghi]], [[Anand Neelakantan]], [[Manish Tewari]], [[Tigmanshu Dhulia]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2024-02-07 |title=Block this weekend for edition 2 of Koshala Litfest |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/block-this-weekend-for-edition-2-of-koshala-litfest/articleshow/107475671.cms? |access-date=2025-07-30 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-11-05 |title=Sitapur's Wajahat Mirza work inspired Hindi film writing, including Salim-Javed screenwriters |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/sitapurs-wajahat-mirza-work-inspired-hindi-film-writing-including-salim-javed-screenwriters/articleshow/95326205.cms |access-date=2025-07-30 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> [[Muzaffar Ali]], [[Shobhaa De]], [[Vidya Shah]], [[Pushpesh Pant]], [[Malini Awasthi]], [[Vikram Sampath]], [[Saeed Naqvi]], [[Sagarika Ghose|Sagarika Ghosh]], Yatindra Mishra, etc.

=== Season 2 ===
Sathya Saran, [[Gurcharan Das]],<ref name=":0" /> John Zubrzycki, [[Ali Khan Mahmudabad|Ali Mahmudabad]],<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2024-02-06 |title=Koshala Literature Festival to return with cultural extravaganza |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/koshala-literature-festival-to-return-with-cultural-extravaganza-101707241332349.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213175809/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/koshala-literature-festival-to-return-with-cultural-extravaganza-101707241332349.html |archive-date=2024-02-13 |access-date=2025-07-30 |work=Hindustan Times |language=en-us}}</ref> Sharad Bindal, Himanshu Bajpai, Saurabh Dwivedi,<ref name=":1" /> Pushpesh Pant,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-02-12 |title=Soul-stirring stories found in abundance in Lucknow lanes |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/soul-stirring-stories-in-lucknow-lanes-reflections-on-inclusivity-and-liberalism/articleshow/107613475.cms |access-date=2025-07-30 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> [[Taslima Nasrin|Tasleema Nasreen]], [[Pankaj Bhadouria]], Azhar Iqbal, Ustad Ghulam Siraj Niazi,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rizvi |first=S Farah |title=From raga, taan to poetry and ghazals |url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/hindustan-times-lucknow/20240212/282278145241529 |access-date=2025-07-30 |via=PressReader}}</ref> etc.

=== Season 3 ===
[[Ira Mukhoty]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ghosh |first=Aakash |date=22 November 2024 |title=Koshala literature fest in Lko: 'Women's contribution in history limited to few chapters' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/koshala-literature-fest-in-lko-women-s-contribution-in-history-limited-to-few-chapters-101732288605607.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref> Eric Chopra, [[TCA Raghavan]], [[Nilotpal Mrinal]], [[Ila Arun]],<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=S Farah |first=Rizvi |date=21 November 2024 |title=Vikas Swarup, Anubhav Sinha and Vishwa Mohan Bhatt to feature at Koshala Lit Fest in Lucknow |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/vikas-swarup-anubhav-sinha-and-vishwa-mohan-bhatt-to-feature-at-koshala-lit-fest-in-lucknow-101732176041789.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref> [[Saurabh Kirpal]], [[Malavika Rajkotia]], [[Shenaz Treasury]],<ref name=":2" /> [[Saurav Jha]], [[Anubhav Sinha]], Harshita Gupta, [[Vishwa Mohan Bhatt]], [[Vikas Swarup]],<ref name=":2" /> Devapriya Roy, Prayaag Akbar, Shubhra Gupta, Sadhvi Bhagawati Saraswati, Duvvuri Subba Rao, [[Purushottam Agrawal|Purushottam Agarwal]],<ref name=":2" /> [[Radha Kumar]], etc.

=== Season 4 ===
[[Rajit Kapur]], Jyotsna Mohan, Vaibhav Vishal, [[Anil Rastogi]], [[Ghazala Wahab]], Meera Ali, Chugge Khan, [[Akshat Gupta]], Sharad Bindal, [[Wasim Barelvi]], [[Amar Chitra Katha|Reena Puri]], etc.

==References==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Annual events in India]]
[[Category:Poetry festivals in India]]
[[Category:Book fairs in India]]
[[Category:Literary festivals in India]]
[[Category:Culture of Lucknow]]
[[Category:Literature of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Festivals established in 2022]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh-related lists]]
[[Category:Lucknow-related lists]]

Chaithra B.

2026-02-06T04:11:46Z

Maleeha: Adding A Pg!

{{Short description|Indian kho kho player}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox sportsperson
| name = Chaithra B.
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2002|1|8}}
| birth_place = Kuruburu, T. Narasipura taluk, [[Mysuru district]], [[Karnataka]], India
| nationality = Indian
| occupation = Kho kho player
| sport = [[Kho kho]]
| position = Defender
| country = India
| team = [[India women's national kho kho team]]
| years_active = 2010s–present
| coach = Manjunath
| parents = Basavanna (father) Nagarathna (mother)
| education = Studied at Kanakapura Degula Mutt School, Kuruburu
}}
'''Chaithra B.''' (born 8 January 2002)<ref>https://kheloindia.gov.in/uploads/Khelo%20India%20Athletes.pdf Serial number 134</ref> is an Indian kho kho player from [[Karnataka]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Krishnan |first=Vivek |date=2025-01-09 |title=Pratik Waikar, Priyanka Ingle to lead Indian men's and women's teams at Inaugural Kho Kho World Cup |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/other-sports/kho-kho-world-cup-2025-prateek-waikar-priyanka-ingle-captains-india-squad-schedule-news/article69080630.ece |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=Sportstar |language=en}}</ref> She plays for the [[India women's national kho kho team]] as a defender.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kho Kho Federation of India (KKFI) - KKFI Official Website |url=https://khokhofederation.in/world-cup-team-matches/?id=2 |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=Kho Kho Federation |language=en-US}}</ref> She was part of the Indian women’s team that won the inaugural [[Kho Kho World Cup]] held at [[New Delhi]] in January 2025.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2025-01-19 |title=Chaithra guides India to title triumph in inaugural Kho Kho World Cup |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mysuru/chaithra-guides-india-to-title-triumph-in-inaugural-kho-kho-world-cup/articleshow/117378358.cms |access-date=2025-03-09 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Chaithra is from Kuruburu village, [[T. Narsipura|T. Narasipura]] taluk, [[Mysore district|Mysuru district]], Karnataka.<ref name=":0" /> She was the daughter of Basavanna and Nagarathna.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-20 |title=Kho Kho World Cup-2025: 'Dream Run' for Mysuru girl Chaithra |url=https://starofmysore.com/kho-kho-world-cup-2025-dream-run-for-mysuru-girl-chaithra/ |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=Star of Mysore |language=en-US}}</ref> She did her schooling at Kanakapura Degula Mutt school, Kuruburu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2025-01-27 |title=Kho Kho champ Chaithra has Olympic dream |url=https://starofmysore.com/kho-kho-champ-chaithra-has-olympic-dream/ |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=Star of Mysore |language=en-US}}</ref> She learnt her basics from her first coach Manjunath in Kuruburu village.

== Career ==
Chaithra played a key role in the Indian women's team victory with a 'Dream Run' in both the semifinal and final of the first [[Kho Kho World Cup]] at [[New Delhi]] in January 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |date=2025-01-15 |title=Kho Kho World Cup: Indian women make history with 157-point rout of South Korea |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/sports/kho-kho-world-cup-indian-women-make-history-with-157-point-rout-of-south-korea-1503386655.html |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=The Statesman |language=en}}</ref> The Indian team defeated South Korea, IR Iran and Malaysia in the group stages, Bangladesh in quarterfinals and South Africa in semifinals. They defeated [[Nepal men's national kho kho team|Nepal]] 78-40 in the final. She was awarded the 'Player of the Match' award in the final match for her 'dream run'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Women create history at Kho Kho World Cup 2025 with commanding victory over rivals Nepal to secure coveted trophy |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/indian-women-create-history-at-kho-kho-world-cup-2025-with-commanding-victory-over-rivals-nepal-to-secure-coveted-trophy/ |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=The Tribune |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Livemint |date=2025-01-19 |title=Indian women win first-ever Kho Kho World Cup 2025; PM Modi hails 'historic' victory {{!}} Mint |url=https://www.livemint.com/sports/indian-women-win-first-ever-kho-kho-world-cup-2025-pm-modi-hails-historic-victory-11737302241435.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250201155957/https://www.livemint.com/sports/indian-women-win-first-ever-kho-kho-world-cup-2025-pm-modi-hails-historic-victory-11737302241435.html |archive-date=2025-02-01 |access-date=2025-03-09 |work=mint |language=en}}</ref>

She was felicitated by Kanakapura Sri Degula Mutt Seer Channabasappa Swamiji on 25 January 2025 at Vidyadarshini Convent and High School premises, Kuruburu.<ref name=":1" /> On 7 February 2025, she was also felicitated by Mysuru Zilla Kreeda Mathu Samskruthika Vedike, in Mysuru where Kho kho player and Arjuna Awardee Shobha Narayan requested the state government to consider kho kho players for Ekalavya awards. The state government announced Rs.5 lakh cash award for Chaithra.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-07 |title=Kho Kho Champs Chaithra and Gautham feted in city |url=https://starofmysore.com/kho-kho-champs-chaithra-and-gautham-feted-in-city/ |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=Star of Mysore |language=en-US}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:B., Chaithra}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2002 births]]
[[Category:Kho kho players]]
[[Category:People from Mysore district]]
[[Category:Sportswomen from Karnataka]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportswomen]]

Arnia (village)

2026-02-05T03:06:19Z

Maleeha: created a location

{{Short description|Village in Bihar}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Arniya
| official_name = Arnia
| native_name = अरनिया
| native_name_lang = mai
| settlement_type = Village
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_type2 = Region
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mithila region]]
| subdivision_type3 = Division
| subdivision_name3 = Tirhut division
| subdivision_type4 = District
| subdivision_name4 = [[Vaishali district]]
| subdivision_type5 = Block
| subdivision_name5 = Jandaha
| population_total = 10379
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_demonym = [[Maithil]]
| demographics_type1 = Language
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics_type2 = Local Language
| demographics2_title1 = Mother Language
| demographics2_info1 = [[Maithili language]]
| demographics1_info1 = Hindi
}}
'''Arnia''' ([[Maithili language|Maithili]]: अरनिया) also written as '''Arniya''' is a village in the [[Jandaha]] block of the [[Vaishali district]] in the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]] of the [[Bihar]] state in India. It is connected by the National Highway 322 with the other part of the country. The local language of the village is [[Maithili language|Maithili]]. Hindi is the official language. The total population of the village is 10379.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population finder {{!}} Government of India |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/population-finder |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250416000936/https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/population-finder |archive-date=2025-04-16 |access-date=2025-08-29 |website=censusindia.gov.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharatvarsh |first=TV9 |date=2025-03-29 |title=जिला टॉप, मैरिट में 5th... किसान की बेटी ने 10वीं के रिजल्ट में किया कमाल |url=https://www.tv9hindi.com/education/vaishali-bihar-board-10th-results-toppers-kriti-kunal-ranks-5th-in-state-3203541.html |access-date=2025-08-29 |website=TV9 Bharatvarsh |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-01 |title=hajipur news. भोज खाने जा रहे बाइक सवार दो युवकों की अज्ञात वाहन की टक्कर से मौत |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/hajipur/two-young-man-going-for-feast-by-bike-died-in-road-accident |access-date=2025-08-29 |website=Prabhat Khabar |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=अपने हिस्से की जमीन मांगने पर विवाहिता से किया मारपीट |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/hajipur/story-married-woman-attacked-over-property-dispute-in-arnia-village-201749073332813.html |access-date=2025-08-29 |website=www.livehindustan.com |language=hi}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

{{coord|25|42|34|N|85|33|19|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=title}}

[[Category:Villages in Vaishali district]]

{{Vaishali-geo-stub}}

Indian Armed Forces and the 2014 Jammu and Kashmir floods

2026-02-04T21:01:43Z

Maleeha: new new post!

{{short description|Overview of Indian military response to the 2014 Jammu and Kashmir floods}}
[[File:The Indian Air Force Helicopters carrying out rescue, relief and evacuation of people marooned during the flood fury, in Jammu and Kashmir on September 06, 2014.jpg|thumb|IAF helicopters carrying out rescue, relief and evacuation of people marooned during the flood fury, in Jammu and Kashmir on 6 September 2014.]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
In the wake of heavy monsoon rain and flash [[Jammu and Kashmir floods, 2014|floods in Jammu and Kashmir]], the Indian Armed Forces were deployed in increasing numbers starting 2 September 2014 to conduct search, rescue, relief, relocation, humanitarian assistance and rehabilitation missions in Jammu and Kashmir.<ref name="nytimes.com">{{cite news|last1=Najar|first1=Nida|last2=Masood|first2=Salman|title=India and Pakistan Strain as Flooding Kills Hundreds|work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/09/world/asia/hundreds-dead-in-flooding-in-india-and-pakistan.html|access-date=12 September 2014|agency=New York Times|date=8 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="PM visit">{{cite web|title=PM visits Jammu and Kashmir|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/pmreleases.aspx?mincode=3|website=Press Information Bureau Government of India|publisher=Prime Minister's Office|access-date=12 September 2014|date=7 September 2014}}</ref> By 18 September, over 298,514 people were rescued from the various parts of Jammu and Kashmir by the Armed forces.<ref>{{cite web | title = Over 1,42,000 people rescued in flood-hit Jammu and Kashmir so far |work=The Economic Times | url = http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/over-142000-people-rescued-in-flood-hit-jammu-and-kashmir-so-far/articleshow/42394796.cms |author=PTI |date= 13 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="PBI, 19/9">{{cite web|last1=Press Information Bureau|title=Union Government provides massive relief in flood affected J&K Rescue operations regularly coordinated by NCMC|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=91945|website=Ministry of Home Affairs|publisher=Press Information Bureau|access-date=5 October 2014|date=18 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="WP, 13/9">{{cite news|last1=Gowen|first1=Annie|title=Anger rises in India's Kashmir Valley as people remain trapped a week after floods|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/anger-rises-in-indias-kashmir-valley-as-people-remain-trapped-a-week-after-floods/2014/09/13/975dc8ea-ed15-4d0f-a517-4c0ab71d3d0a_story.html|access-date=15 September 2014|newspaper=Washington Post|date=13 September 2014|location=SRINAGAR, India}}</ref> The Jammu and Kashmir floods, the worst in a century according to [[Omar Abdullah]], the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir, paralyzed the state government. Omar Abdullah, responding to public criticism, told the media "I had no government" in the first few days following the floods, as "My secretariat, the police headquarters, the control room, fire services, hospitals, all the infrastructure was underwater." Adding "I had no cell phone and no connectivity. I am now starting to track down ministers and officers."<ref name="NYTimes 13/9">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/13/world/asia/embrace-of-social-media-aids-flood-victims-in-kashmir.html?_r=0|title=Embrace of Social Media Aids Flood Victims in Kashmir|last1=Najar|first1=Nida|date=12 September 2014|access-date=13 September 2014|work=New York Times|last2=Barry|first2=Ellen}}</ref> The Jammu and Kashmir floods of 2014 have been blamed on heavy rainfall, about 8 inches (200mm) on 4 September alone, on climate change, unplanned and uncontrolled development, encroachment of river banks, lakes, ponds, and massive loss of wet lands, absence of local government flood forecasting system, and poor governance.<ref name="TOI, manmade floods">{{cite news|last1=Nandi|first1=Jayashree|title=Kashmir floods is a man-made ecological disaster: Bombay Natural History Society|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Kashmir-floods-is-a-man-made-ecological-disaster-Bombay-Natural-History-Society/articleshow/42634703.cms|access-date=2 October 2014|agency=TOI|publisher=Times of India|date=16 September 2014}}</ref> The Armed Forces humanitarian assistance mission in response to the floods was named ''Mission Sahayata'' (assistances). Northern Command's humanitarian assistance to Civil authorities was named 'Operation Megh Rahat'.<ref name="J-K floods: Indian Army in aid to civil administration under 'Operation MEGH RAHAT 6/9">{{cite news|last1=ANI|title=J-K floods: Indian Army in aid to civil administration under 'Operation MEGH RAHAT'|url=http://www.aninews.in/newsdetail2/story182423/j-k-floods-indian-army-in-aid-to-civil-administration-under-039-operation-megh-rahat-039-.html|access-date=13 September 2014|agency=ANI|publisher=ANI News|date=6 September 2014|location=Udhampur|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913144945/http://www.aninews.in/newsdetail2/story182423/j-k-floods-indian-army-in-aid-to-civil-administration-under-039-operation-megh-rahat-039-.html|archive-date=13 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="Megh rahat, 9/10">{{cite news|last1=Dutta|first1=Sushmita|title=Massive rescue operations on in flood-hit J&K; toll nears 200, lakhs stranded|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/jammu-and-kashmir/massive-rescue-operations-on-in-flood-hit-jk-toll-nears-200-lakhs-stranded%E2%80%8B_1466791.html|access-date=12 September 2014|agency=Zee Media Bureau|date=9 September 2014}}</ref> The [[Indian Army]], [[Indian Air Force|Air Force]], and the [[Indian Navy|Navy]], committed large resources to the assistance mission including over 30,000 troops ( 21,000 in Srinagar, and 9000 in Jammu), 15 engineer task forces, 84 Indian Air Force and [[Army Aviation Corps (India)|Army Aviation Corps]] fixed wing transport aircraft and [[helicopters]], naval commandos and rescue specialists, and Base Hospital, four field hospitals, over 106 medical detachments.<ref name="PBI, 19/9"/><ref name="PIB, 11/9"/> "Operation Megh Rahat", ended on 19 September 2014, but "Operation Sadbhavna", the relief and medical assistance support, according to government press release, will continue in "close synergy with the civil administration and the police".<ref name="Megh rahat, ends, 19/9">{{cite news|title=Army calls off its rescue mission in J&K, relief work to go on|url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/army-calls-rescue-mission-jk-relief-work-go-1721309.html|access-date=29 September 2014|agency=Firstpost|date=19 September 2014}}</ref>

==Disaster Management in India==
The organization, structure, laws, protocol, and arrangements for disaster management at the Federal and State level are outlined in a manual titled '''Disaster Management in India''', and the [[Disaster Management Act, 2005]], which provides for "the effective management of disasters" in India.<ref name="manual disaster management">{{cite web|title=DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA|url=http://ndmindia.nic.in/UNDP-020811.pdf|website=Ministry of Home Affairs|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs Government of India|access-date=17 September 2014|pages=233|date=3 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815153311/http://ndmindia.nic.in/UNDP-020811.pdf|archive-date=15 August 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="DMA, 2005, 23/12">{{cite web|title=Disaster Management Act, 2005, [23rd December, 2005.] NO. 53 OF 2005|url=http://mha.nic.in/pdfs/DM_Act2005.pdf|publisher=Ministry of Home|access-date=30 July 2013|author=Parliament of India|date=23 December 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203043019/http://mha.nic.in/pdfs/DM_Act2005.pdf|archive-date=3 February 2013}}</ref> The Disaster Management Division (DM Division), under the Secretary, Border Management, [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]] (MHA), [[Government of India]], is responsible for " response, relief and preparedness for natural calamities". The Head of Disaster Management Division is G.V.V. Sarma, Joint Secretary. The head of Border management is Ms Sneh Lata Kumar, Secretary, Border Management.<ref name="Org Chart, MHA">{{cite web|last1=Anil Goswami, Home Secretary|title=ORGANISATIONAL CHART OF MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS (As on 01.09.2014)|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/OrganizationalChart%28E%29.pdf|website=Ministry of Home Affairs, india|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=6 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606045152/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/OrganizationalChart(E).pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The National Emergency Operation Centre (NEOC), is responsible for the preparation of the National Disaster Management Plan for the whole country and to ensure that it is "reviewed and updated annually".<ref name="DMA, 2005, 23/12"/> The Chief of the Integrated Defence Staff of the Chiefs of Staff Committee, is an ex officio member of the NEC. NEOC is mandated to function twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. The NEOC is responsible for monitoring the disaster or disaster like situation, receive updates from federal Early Warning(EW) Agencies like the [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD), Central Water Commission, Snow & Avalanche Study Establishment. After processing the information NOEC submits its report and updates to affected States and concerned Central Ministries and organizations. During the [[monsoon]] period, it is required to issue daily situation reports. It is not known, whether the NEOC was functioning in Jammu and Kashmir prior to the floods, and whether it received the EW from IMD, and reported to the state government. The NEOC is also required to upload its EW reports on its website www.ndmindia.nic.in.<ref name="Disaster Management in India ,20 jul">{{cite web|title=Disaster Management in India|url=http://ndmindia.nic.in/UNDP-020811.pdf|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs Government of India|access-date=20 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815153311/http://ndmindia.nic.in/UNDP-020811.pdf|archive-date=15 August 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Early warning (EW)==
There was no warning of the heavy rain or the floods. The people, the state and the armed forces in the area, were caught unaware by the 2014 [[floods]]. None of the Federal or the State Government agencies responsible for monitoring natural disasters and providing early warning, such as [a] Floods -[http://india.gov.in/official-website-central-water-commission Central Water Commission] [b] Landslide hazard – [[Geological Survey of India|Geological Survey of India (GSI)]] [c] [[Avalanche]] – [[Defence Research & Development Organization]] (DRDO) [d] Disaster Management Support (DMS) – [[Indian Space Research Organization]] (ISRO), and [e] [[Weather]]- [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD), forecast the floods. Knowledgeable observers have singled out the Central Water Commission, which was tardy even during the [[Operation Surya Hope|Uttarakhand floods]], in 2013, for criticism.<ref name="counter view, 11/9">{{cite web|title=J&K floods: Why Central Water Commission has no flood forecasting mechanism in place, wonders SANDRP|url=http://www.counterview.net/2014/09/j-floods-why-central-water-commission.html|website=Counter View|access-date=12 September 2014|date=11 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="Iyengar, 10/9">{{cite news|last1=Iyengar|first1=Rishi|title=Hundreds Now Dead in India, Pakistan Floods as Rescue Efforts Slammed|url=https://time.com/3315643/hundreds-now-dead-in-india-pakistan-floods-as-rescue-efforts-slammed/|access-date=12 September 2014|agency=Time|publisher=Time|date=10 September 2014}}</ref> Even as late as 15 September 2014, the web site of the Central Water Commission, Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India, Flood Forecast Bulletins, showed a blank.<ref name="http://www.india-water.gov.in/ffs/flood-forecasted-bulletins/for-level-forecasted-sites/ 15/9">{{cite web|title=Home » Flood Forecasted Bulletins » For Level Forecasted Sites|url=http://www.india-water.gov.in/ffs/flood-forecasted-bulletins/for-level-forecasted-sites/|website=Central Water Commission Flood Forecast|publisher=Central Water Commission, Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India.|access-date=15 September 2014|archive-date=3 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140803055712/http://india-water.gov.in/ffs/flood-forecasted-bulletins/for-level-forecasted-sites/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Disaster Management Division which is responsible for compiling inputs from all the agencies in a '[[Situation report]]', in its situation report for 2 September 2014, made no mention of the threat of rain or floods in Jammu and Kashmir. As a result, two days later as the water levels rose and the rivers were in spate, and overflowing, there were no [[National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)|National Disaster Response Force]] assets at hand in Jammu and Kashmir. They started to move days after the floods had hit the state, and only began to arrive in the affected area on 7 and 8 September. The first Situation report of the Disaster Management Division that mentions the floods is dated 7 September. The web site of the DM Division as late as 15 September was a blank.<ref name="MHA, Situation Report">{{cite web|title=Flood Situation Report For September Month|url=http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/flood-2014/floodsSep-2014.htm|website=Disaster Management in India, MHA|publisher=MHA, Disaster Management Division|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref> In 2010, Jammu and Kashmir Flood Control Department had forecast major floods which would ravage Srinagar. But the government dismissed the report as alarmist.<ref name="jameel, 14/9">{{cite news|last1=Muzamil|first1=Jalee|title=Gone Under|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/gone-under/|access-date=16 November 2014|work=Indian Express|date=14 September 2014}}</ref> In September 2014 three days before the [[Jhelum]] floods reached Srinagar, "the waters at Sangam near [[Anantnag]] had risen so high that the Flood Control Department couldn’t find its gauge". The Government lost three valuable days in reacting.<ref name="jameel, 14/9"/> The tardy response by the State and Central Government Disaster management set up has drawn criticism.<ref name="Disaster Management Division, sit report no 2">{{cite web|last1=Disaster Management Division|title=SOUTHWEST MONSOON-2014: DAILY FLOOD SITUATION REPORT SUMMARY OF IMPORTANT EVENTS AS ON 02.09.2014|url=http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/flood-2014/floodsSep-2014.htm|website=Ministry of Home Affairs (Disaster Management Division), Flood Situation report|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs (Disaster Management Division)|access-date=11 September 2014|date=2 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="Disaster Management Division, sit report no 100">{{cite web|last1=Disaster Management Division|title=Sitrep NO-100 /2014 1700 hours|url=http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/flood-2014/floodsSep-2014.htm|website=SOUTHWEST MONSOON-2014: DAILY FLOOD SITUATION REPORT SUMMARY OF IMPORTANT EVENTS AS ON 8 September 2014|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs|access-date=11 September 2014|date=8 September 2014}}</ref>

==Command and control==
[[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command]], along with the Advance Air HQ, located in [[Udhampur]], is responsible for the armed forces humanitarian assistance mission, called Operation Megh [ (मेघ) in English Cloud] Rahat, in the entire Jammu and Kashmir. General Officer Commanding in Chief ( [[GOC-in-C India|GOC-in-C]]), Northern Command, is [[Lieutenant General]] DS Hooda, of [[4 Gorkha Rifles|4th Gorkha Rifles]]. [[XV Corps (India)|XV Corps]] also called the [[Platanus orientalis|Chinar]] [[Corps]], based in Srinagar, is responsible for the assistance mission in the [[Kashmir Valley]]. General Officer Commanding (GOC) XV Corps is Lieutenant General Subrata Saha, of the [[Assam Regiment]].<ref name="Subrata Saha, 26/6">{{cite news|title=Lt. Gen. Saha takes charge of Chinar Corps|url=http://www.swadeshnews.com/latest/lt-gen-saha-takes-charge-of-chinar-corps|access-date=16 September 2014|publisher=Swadesh News|date=26 June 2014|location=Srinagar|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006213159/http://www.swadeshnews.com/latest/lt-gen-saha-takes-charge-of-chinar-corps|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> [[XVI Corps (India)|XVI Corps]] also called White Knight Corps, based in [[Nagrota]], is responsible for assistance mission in areas south of the [[Pir Panjal range]]. GOC XVI Corps is Lieutenant General Konsam Himalay Singh of the [[Rajput Regiment]].<ref name="Lt Gen Singh">{{cite news|title=Lt Gen Singh assumes com mand of 16 Corps|url=http://www.jkunityfoundation.org/lt-gen-singh-assumes-command-of-16-corps/|access-date=16 September 2014|publisher=jkunityfoundation|date=16 April 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006114122/http://www.jkunityfoundation.org/lt-gen-singh-assumes-command-of-16-corps/|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="KH SINGH, apr 2014">{{cite news|title=Lt Gen KH Singh from Manipur takes over Command of Largest Corps of Army|url=http://news.webindia123.com/news/Articles/India/20140416/2377140.html|access-date=17 September 2014|publisher=Web India 123|date=16 Apr 2014|location=Imphal}}</ref> In Delhi, Air Marshal P.P. Reddy, Chief of Integrated Defence Staff (IDS), who reports to chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee, is responsible for coordinating Mission Sahayata, the Armed Forces response to the floods.<ref name="nytimes.com"/><ref name="Reddy, 1 july">{{cite news|title=Air Marshal Reddy is new Chief of Integrated Defence Staff|url=http://www.oneindia.com/india/air-marshal-reddy-is-new-chief-of-integrated-defence-staff-1475129.html|access-date=22 September 2014|publisher=One India News|date=1 July 2014|archive-date=6 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006141405/http://news.oneindia.in/india/air-marshal-reddy-is-new-chief-of-integrated-defence-staff-1475129.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Rescue Mission==
The Jammu and Kashmir floods, described as a 'tragedy', by Lt Gen DS Hooda, Northern Army Commander, "became evident", on 7 September 14, the third day of incessant rains, when flood waters breached the banks of [[Jhelum]], and submerged Srinagar, including the Badami Bagh Cantonment, disrupted " electricity, water supply and civil communications" and flooded the headquarters of XV Corps, which was responsible for "coordinating all rescue operations".<ref name="Hooda, interview"/> The flooding of headquarters XV Corps, and the Srinagar Cantonment, Hooda acknowledged, delayed the army's rescue operations in Srinagar but "only for a few hours ". The rescue operations however, did not affect rescue work in "South Kashmir", the worst affected area in the first three days, and the Jammu region.<ref name="Hooda, interview"/> In Srinagar, where the "Army does not operate" except in the "Badami Bagh Cantonment and the area of the airfield", the General said the rescue operations were mainly conducted by "Kashmiris" from Srinagar-based [[Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry|Jammu & Kashmir Light Infantry Centre]]. Responding to media reports that locals were discriminated against, he said that it is hardly likely that soldier of Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry would discriminate against the Kashmiris in carrying out the rescue mission.<ref name="Hooda, interview">{{cite news|last1=Ashraf|first1=Ajaz|title=Exclusive: Lt Gen who led Kashmir rescue says, "Past cannot be swept away by floods"|url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/exclusive-lt-gen-who-led-kashmir-rescue-says-past-cannot-be-swept-away-by-floods-1730825.html|access-date=29 September 2014|publisher=firstpost.com|date=26 September 2014}}</ref>

During the first few days the search and rescue operation were hindered by shortage of boats and bad weather. Boats were airlifted from all corners of India, including from far away [[Tamil Nadu]]. In the absence of civil boats the army pressed into service its BAUTS, more appropriate for assault river crossings than rescue assistance during floods. By 11 September, there were 224 army boats and 148 NDRF's inflatable boats in the affected area conducting rescue and search operations.<ref name="PIB, 11/9"/> For those who were stranded on roof tops as flood water menacingly swirled around them, Air Force helicopters with IAF Garud Commandos help winch the stranded people to safety. Several hundred were rescued from rood tops. In some cases the [[Indian Air Force]](IAF) commandos had to break through the roof to rescue the trapped people.<ref name="Flood Relief Operations in J&K, 8,9">{{cite web|last1=PIB|title=IAF Continues with Flood Relief Operations in J&K|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx|website=Press Information Bureau, Government of India|publisher=Ministry of Defence|access-date=11 September 2014|date=8 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="Reuters, 8/9">{{cite news|title=Indian army rescues thousands from Kashmir flood disaster – video|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2014/sep/08/indian-army-kashmir-flood-video|access-date=13 September 2014|agency=Reuters|work=The Guardian|date=8 September 2014}}</ref>

The Army Commander denied media reports that it had "embedded journalists", and that army has conducted its rescue according to "a hierarchy of importance and influence", rather than "on the first-seen-first-saved basis". On the incidents of stone throwing by some people, he said, "the incidents were very few" and "blown out of proportion. Most people rescued were extremely appreciative of the Army's effort", and that the rescue mission was assisted by "local volunteers who have contributed immensely."<ref name="Hooda, interview"/>

===Social media in search and rescue===
The Indian Army, for first time, used social media such as [[Twitter]], [[WhatsApp]], a messaging service, and [[Facebook]], in its search and rescue operations, and to collate and feed [[Person Finder]] provided by [[Google]] to the army's public information office.<ref name="NYTimes 13/9"/><ref name="army twitter, 13/9">{{cite web|last1=ADG PI - INDIAN ARMY|title=#ArmyRescue #KashmirFloods|url=https://twitter.com/adgpi|website=Additional Directorate General of Public Information, IHQ of MoD (Army)|publisher=ADG PI - INDIAN ARMY|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref> According to Indian army's [[Major General]] Shokin Chauhan, who is head of public information office, "a dedicated team of two young officers" are handling the social media "practically around the clock". An estimated 12,000 people, according to the Indian army sources, were assisted on the basis of reports received over the social media.<ref name="NYTimes 13/9"/>

==Relief assistance==
From the start of Mission Sahayata till 16 September, the [[Indian Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] rescued 2,37,000 persons, and airlifted and distributed 2,24,000 liters of water, 31,500 food packets and ready to eat meals, 375 tonne cooked food, 2.6 tonne of biscuit, 7 tonnes baby food, water purifying tablets, 8,200 blankets, 650 tents, to the affected civilian population.<ref name="PIB, 11/9"/><ref name="pib. 16/9">{{cite web|title=Round up at 1300 hrs --- Number of People Rescued Crosses 2,37,000 in J&K Train Route from Srinagar to Baramulla has been Restored|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=91945|publisher=PIB|access-date=29 June 2015|date=16 September 2015}}</ref>

===Air transport===
Because of the massive damage to surface communications, the rescue and relief effort was largely dependent on air transport. Air transport support operations were conducted from air force stations and bases in [[Delhi]], [[Bhatinda]], [[Chandigarh]], [[Jammu]], [[Srinagar]], and [[Awantipora|Avantipur]]. Helicopter support operations were conducted from Srinagar, Awantipur, [[Udhampur]], Jammur, [[Pathankot]] and [[Sarsawa]].<ref name="Flood Relief Operations in J&K, 8,9"/> Over 80 aircraft were deployed on the humanitarian assistance mission including 13 Chetak and 5 Advance Light Helicopters of the [[Army Aviation Corps (India)|Army Aviation Corps]]. On 11 September, the IAF deployed its heavy duty [[Mil Mi-26]], the largest helicopter in the IAF inventory, from IAF 12 Wing, Chandigarh, to [[Awantipora|Avantipur Air Force base]], Srinagar, with 12 tons of relief material, for relief and rescue missions in Jammu and Kashmir. Wing Commander G S Tung of 12 Wing said that the Mi-26 was " especially designed to meet the heavy lift requirements of the IAF and has a carrying capacity of 30 tonnes".<ref name=MI26>{{cite news|last1=Purohit|first1=Jugal R.|title=Jammu and Kashmir floods: Air Force deploys world's biggest helicopter for rescue operations|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kashmir-flood-forces-to-step-up-rescue-efforts-as-delay-angers-stranded-locals-291876-2014-09-11|access-date=22 September 2014|publisher=Mail Today|date=11 September 2014}}</ref>

In the first seven days (to 10 September), the army and IAF flew 1081 sorties, 100 to 120 sorties every day, moving 1411 tonnes of relief materials. Air transport operations included delivery of six large water filtration plants with a capacity to filter 1,20,000 bottles per day, engineering stores such as suction and submersible pumps, generator sets with mobile charging stations, communications equipment for the Department of Telecommunications and some of private companies such as Aircel. It airlifted the Base Transmitting Station of BSNL from [[Kargil]] to Srinagar.<ref name="PIB, 11/9"/> By 18 September 2014, over 80,000 affected people were airlifted including over 28,000 from Srinagar and 52,000 from other flood affected areas of Jammu and Kashmir; by IAF-, Army- and civil aircraft.<ref name="PBI, 19/9"/>

===Navy===
The Indian Navy Marine Commandos rescued 200 personnel at Haigaon on the Srinagar–[[Sopore]] highway, and assisted in rescue efforts near Pantha Chowk, Srinagar.<ref name="IN assistance">{{cite web|last1=Indian navy|title=Jammu & Kashmir Floods : Navy extends a helping hand to State Administration in search and rescue operations|url=http://www.indiannavy.nic.in/news-events/j-k-floods-navy-helps-state-administration-search-and-rescue-operations|website=Indian Navy|access-date=16 November 2014|date=8 September 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129022701/http://www.indiannavy.nic.in/news-events/j-k-floods-navy-helps-state-administration-search-and-rescue-operations|archive-date=29 November 2014}}</ref> In addition to search and rescue assistance, naval medical team, and Diving Teams were placed on alert, ready to move, at [[New Delhi]], [[Mumbai]] and [[Vishakhapatnam]].<ref name="PIB, 11/9">{{cite web|last1=Press Information Bureau|title=Round up at 1800 Hrs--- Over 1,10,000 People Rescued So Far by Armed Forces Another Batch of Marine Commandos Arrives in Srinagar|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=91945|website=PIB, Government of India|publisher=Ministry of Defence|access-date=12 September 2014|date=11 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="IN assistance"/>

===Medical===
The armed forces have deployed 80 medical teams. In addition it has set up four [[field hospital]]s, one each in Avantipur, [[Pattan]], [[Anantnag]] and Old Airfield. Over 20,000 patients have received treatment at these facilities.<ref name=MI26/>

===Repair and restoration of communication infrastructure===
The floods and rain ravaged the roads and road communication severing road communication between Jammu and Srinagar, and Jammu and Poonch, and host of other roads. Restoration of communication was urgent priority task. Initially five task forces of Border Roads Organization (BRO), which included 5700 personnel, were mobilized. By 10 September, the [[Jammu]]–[[Poonch district, India|Poonch]] road was cleared, and road traffic between [[Batote]] and [[Kishtwar]] and Kishtwar - Sinthan Pass was restored.<ref name="PIB, 11/9"/> By 16 September, the strength of Army Engineers and BRO personnel on road building and bridge construction had increased to 100,000. Heavy road construction equipment used included 400 bulldozers, excavators and JCBs, and 300 tippers and dumpers, to restore and repair roads damaged in over 1000 places.<ref name="PIB, 17/9">{{cite web|last1=Press Information Bureau|title=Operation Megh Rahat : 17 sep 14 Restoration of connectivity|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=91945|website=pib.nic.in |publisher=Ministry of Defence|access-date=5 October 2014|date=17 September 2014}}</ref> After opening of the national highway between Jammu and Srinagar, the army, on 16 September, restored communication between Rajouri and Budhal by constructing a 180 feet [[bailey bridge]] over Ans river at Kot Ranka on 16 September.<ref name="PIB, 17/9"/>

===Relief camps===
To complement the rescue work, the Army established 19 relief camps, where the rescued persons were provided food, shelter, and medical assistance. In Srinagar region, camps were at Badami Bagh Cantonment, [[Awantipora|Avantipur]], Old Airfield, Sumbal, Chattargam and Jijamata Mandir.<ref name="PIB, 11/9"/>

==MOD seeks reimbursement for Disaster Relief==
The Ministry of Defence(MOD) requested and was paid Rs 5 billion as reimbursement for "airdropping of essential supplies and rescue" during Operation Megh Rahat. The Ministry of Home Affairs(MHA) paid the amount from State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF). Criticizing the request for payment by the MOD, Junaid Azim Mattu of National Conference said,
"How can they charge people for rescuing them? It is insensitive that we are still suffering from aftermath of the devastation and they are asking for money"<ref name="Rashid/29">{{cite news|last1=Rashid|first1=Toufiq|title=J-K outrage after report that Army was paid for flood relief|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/j-k-outrage-after-report-that-army-was-paid-for-flood-relief/article1-1364174.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630111438/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/j-k-outrage-after-report-that-army-was-paid-for-flood-relief/article1-1364174.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 June 2015|work=Hindustan times|date=29 June 2015}}</ref>

==National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)==
National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is a force of 12 [[battalion]]s, organized on [[paramilitary]] lines, and composed of persons on deputation from the para-military forces of India. It is headed by O.P. Singh (IPS-1983), with the title of Director General(DG). He is from the [[Uttar Pradesh]] cadre, of the Indian Police Service(IPS). He took over as DG of the NDRF on 1 September 2014, a few days before the floods. OP Singh in addition to being DG NDRF is also DG of the [[Central Industrial Security Force]] (Airport sector), his current responsibilities. The NDRF is a top heavy organization, which in addition to the DG has an Inspector General(IG) and several Deputy IGs.<ref name="OP Singh, 30/8">{{cite news|last1=PTI|title=IPS officer O P Singh appointed new Director General of NDRF|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-08-30/news/53387713_1_ndrf-ips-central-industrial-security-force|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913013214/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-08-30/news/53387713_1_ndrf-ips-central-industrial-security-force|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 September 2014|access-date=12 September 2014|agency=PTI|work=Economic Times|date=30 August 2014}}</ref> Till 2 September the Disaster Management Division, MHA, had no plans to deploy NDRF in Jammu and Kashmir. It was surprised by the floods. A NDRF Officer told the media" We were all caught off guard because there was not a single warning issued by the weather office. The flash floods took us by surprise".<ref name="Iyengar, 10/9"/> NDRF started to arrive in Jammu and Kashmir from 6 September onwards. By 9 September there were elements from 5,6, and 7 NDRF Battalions: 5 NDRF Battalion (1 team of 54 personnel), 6 NDRF Battalion (64 personnel )and 7 NDRF Battalion( 370). The total strength of NDRF committed to Jammu and Kashmir was 488.On 7 September 7 NDRF battalion had 3 teams in Jammu and 6 teams (244 personnel) in Srinagar. The team in Jammu was engaged in responding to a bus stuck under water, and on search and rescue mission in Gharkhal, and [[Akhnoor]], in [[Jammu District]].<ref name="Disaster Management Division, sit report no 2"/><ref name="Disaster Management Division, sit report no 100"/> On 9 September 86 personnel ( 3 teams) from 4 NDRF Battalion( CISF), from [[Arakkonam]], in [[Tamil Nadu]], was airlifted from INS Rajali, to Srinagar, to conduct search-cum-rescue operations in Nehru Park and Manaswal in Srinagar. The 4 NDRF Bn detachment included 24 inflatable boats; with these additions the total of NDRF boats goes up to 148 boats. The NDRF was expected to stay in Jammu and Kashmir for a period of 10 days.<ref name="ndrf, 12/9">{{cite news|last1=Sundaram|first1=J Shanmugha|title=NDRF Team from Arakkonam in Action in J and K|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil_nadu/NDRF-Team-from-Arakkonam-in-Action-in-J-and-K/2014/09/12/article2426948.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913021957/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil_nadu/NDRF-Team-from-Arakkonam-in-Action-in-J-and-K/2014/09/12/article2426948.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 September 2014|access-date=12 September 2014|agency=Indian express|work=Indian express|date=12 September 2014}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Flood]]
* [[Operation Sadbhavana (Goodwill)|Operation Sadbhavana (Goodwill), Jammu and Kashmir]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://indianarmy.nic.in/ Indian Army] - Official website
* [http://indianairforce.nic.in/ Indian Air Force] Official website
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141026073822/http://www.nausena-bharti.nic.in/ Indian Navy] Official website

{{Natural disasters in India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Indian Armed Forces and J and K floods 2014}}
[[Category:Military history of Kashmir]]
[[Category:Military history of India]]
[[Category:Humanitarian military operations involving India]]
[[Category:2014 floods in Asia]]
[[Category:Floods in India]]
[[Category:2010s in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:2014 in India]]
[[Category:Modi administration]]
[[Category:2014 in military history]]

ICC Awards of the Decade

2026-02-01T08:08:07Z

Maleeha: quick cleaned up content to improve readability and fixed typos for consistency

{{short description|International cricket decadal awards}}
{{Infobox award
| name = ICC Awards of the Decade
| date = 27 December 2020
| presenter = ''[[International Cricket Council|ICC]]''
| website = {{URL|https://www.icc-cricket.com/}}
| award1_type = Male Cricketer of the Decade
| award1_winner = {{cricon|India}} [[Virat Kohli]][[File:Virat Kohli in PMO New Delhi.jpg|100px]]
| award3_type = Female Cricketer of the Decade
| award3_winner = {{criconw|Australia}} [[Ellyse Perry]][[File:2017–18 W Ashes A v E Test 17-11-10 Perry portrait (02).jpg|2017–18 W Ashes A v E Test 17-11-10 Perry portrait (02)|100px]]
| main = [[ICC Awards]]
}}

The '''ICC Awards of the Decade''' was a one-off edition of the [[ICC Awards]] annual awards programme, celebrating the stand-out performers and moments from a ten-year period of international cricket.<ref name="ICC Decade Awards">{{Cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/1908769|title=ICC Awards of the Decade announced|website=www.icc-cricket.com|access-date=27 December 2020|language=en}}</ref> The announcement of the ICC World XI teams, along with the winners of the individual ''[[International Cricket Council|ICC]]'' awards, was made on 27 December 2020.<ref name="ICC Decade Awards" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-12-27 |title=MS Dhoni captain of ICC's white-ball teams of decade, Virat Kohli voted skipper of Test side |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/ms-dhoni-captain-of-iccs-white-ball-teams-of-decade-virat-kohli-voted-skipper-of-test-side/articleshow/79977156.cms |access-date=2024-07-06 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> [[Virat Kohli]] won Men's Cricketer of the Decade while [[Ellyse Perry]] was named as Women's Cricketer of the Decade.<ref name="Winners">{{cite web |title=The ICC Awards of the Decade winners announced |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/the-icc-awards-of-the-decade-winners-announced |access-date=28 December 2020 |website=ICC |language=en}}</ref>

==Award categories and winners==

=== Individual awards ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Men's Cricketer of the Decade (Sir Garfield Sobers Award)}}
{{cricon|India }} [[Virat Kohli]]
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Women's Cricketer of the Decade (Rachael Heyhoe-Flint Award)}}
{{criconw|Australia}} [[Ellyse Perry]]
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Men's Test Cricketer of the Decade}}
{{cricon|Australia}} [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]]
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Men's ODI Cricketer of the Decade}}
{{cricon|India }} [[Virat Kohli]]
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Women's ODI Cricketer of the Decade}}
{{criconw|Australia}} [[Ellyse Perry]]
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Men's T20I Cricketer of the Decade}}
{{cricon|Afghanistan|2013}} [[Rashid Khan]]
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Women’s T20I Cricketer of the Decade}}
{{criconw|Australia}} [[Ellyse Perry]]
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Men's Associate Cricketer of the Decade}}
{{cricon|Scotland}} [[Kyle Coetzer]]
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Women's Associate Cricketer of the Decade}}
{{cricon|Scotland}} [[Kathryn Bryce]]
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
{{Award category|#eedd82|ICC Spirit of Cricket Award of the Decade}}
{{cricon|India }} [[MS Dhoni]]
|}

=== ICC Teams of the Decade ===

==== Men's teams ====
{{col-begin}}
{{col-3}}

;ICC Men's Test Team of the Decade
[[ICC Men's Test Team of the Year|Test Team of the year]]
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|- style="background:#9cf;"
!colspan="5"|Test Team of the Decade
|-
! Batting position
! Player
! Team
! Role
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center; rowspan=2 | Opener
| [[Alastair Cook]]
| {{cr|ENG}}
| Batsman
|-
| [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]]
| {{cr|AUS}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 3
| [[Kane Williamson]]
| {{cr|NZ}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 4
| [[Virat Kohli]]
| {{cr|IND}}
| Batsman / [[Captain (cricket)|Captain]]
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 5
| [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]]
| {{cr|AUS}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 6
| [[Kumar Sangakkara]]
| {{cr|SL}}
| Batsman / [[Wicket-keeper|(wk)]]
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 7
| [[Ben Stokes]]
| {{cr|ENG}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 8
| [[Ravichandran Ashwin]]
| {{cr|IND}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 9
| [[Dale Steyn]]
| {{cr|RSA}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 10
| [[Stuart Broad]]
| {{cr|ENG}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 11
| [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]]
| {{cr|ENG}}
| Bowler
|}

{{col-3}}

; ICC Men's ODI Team of the Decade
[[ICC Men's ODI Team of the Year|ODI Team of the year]]
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|- style="background:#9cf;"
!colspan="5"|ODI Team of the Decade
|-
! Batting position
! Player
! Team
! Role
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center; rowspan=2 | Opener
| [[Rohit Sharma]]
| {{cr|IND}}
| Batsman
|-
| [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]]
| {{cr|AUS}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 3
| [[Virat Kohli]]
| {{cr|IND}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 4
| [[AB de Villiers]]
| {{cr|RSA}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 5
| [[Shakib Al Hasan]]
| {{cr|BAN}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 6
| [[MS Dhoni]]
| {{cr|IND}}
| Batsman / [[Captain (cricket)|Captain]][[Wicket-keeper|(wk)]]
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 7
| [[Ben Stokes]]
| {{cr|ENG}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 8
| [[Mitchell Starc]]
| {{cr|AUS}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 9
| [[Trent Boult]]
| {{cr|NZ}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 10
| [[Imran Tahir]]
| {{cr|RSA}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 11
| [[Lasith Malinga]]
| {{cr|SRI}}
| Bowler
|}

{{col-3}}

; ICC Men's T20I Team of the Decade
[[ICC Men's T20I Team of the Year|T20I Team of the Year]]
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|- style="background:#9cf;"
!colspan="5"| T20I Team of the Decade
|-
! Batting position
! Player
! Team
! Role
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center; rowspan=2 | Opener
| [[Rohit Sharma]]
| {{cr|IND}}
| Batsman
|-
| [[Chris Gayle]]
| {{cr|WIN}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 3
| [[Aaron Finch]]
| {{cr|AUS}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 4
| [[Virat Kohli]]
| {{cr|IND}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 5
| [[AB de Villiers]]
| {{cr|RSA}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 6
| [[Glenn Maxwell]]
| {{cr|AUS}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 7
| [[MS Dhoni]]
| {{cr|IND}}
| Batsman / [[captain ]][[Wicket-keeper|(wk)]]
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 8
| [[Kieron Pollard]]
| {{cr|WIN}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 9
| [[Rashid Khan]]
| {{cr|AFG}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 10
| [[Jasprit Bumrah]]
| {{cr|IND}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 11
| [[Lasith Malinga]]
| {{cr|SRI}}
| Bowler
|}

{{col-end}}

==== Women's teams ====
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

; ICC Women's ODI Team of the Decade
[[ICC Women's ODI Team of the Year|ODI team of the year]]
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|- style="background:#9cf;"
!colspan="5"| ODI Team of the Decade
|-
! Batting position
! Player
! Team
! Role
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center; rowspan=2 | Opener
| [[Alyssa Healy]]
| {{crw|AUS}}
| Batsman
|-
| [[Suzie Bates]]
| {{crw|NZ}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 3
| [[Mithali Raj]]
| {{crw|IND}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 4
| [[Meg Lanning]]
| {{crw|AUS}}
| Batsman / [[Captain (cricket)|Captain]]
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 5
| [[Stafanie Taylor]]
| {{crw|WIN}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 6
| [[Sarah Taylor (cricketer)|Sarah Taylor]]
| {{crw|ENG}}
| Batsman / [[Wicket-keeper|(wk)]]
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 7
| [[Ellyse Perry]]
| {{crw|AUS}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 8
| [[Dane van Niekerk]]
| {{crw|RSA}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 9
| [[Marizanne Kapp]]
| {{crw|RSA}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 10
| [[Jhulan Goswami]]
| {{crw|IND}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 11
| [[Anisa Mohammed]]
| {{crw|WIN}}
| Bowler
|}

{{col-2}}

; ICC Women's T20I Team of the Decade
[[ICC Women's T20I Team of the Year|t20i team of the year]]
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|- style="background:#9cf;"
!colspan="5"| T20I Team of the Decade
|-
! Batting position
! Player
! Team
! Role
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center; rowspan=2 | Opener
| [[Alyssa Healy]]
| {{crw|AUS}}
| Batsman / [[Wicket-keeper|(wk)]]
|-
| [[Sophie Devine]]
| {{crw|NZ}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 3
| [[Suzie Bates]]
| {{crw|NZ}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 4
| [[Meg Lanning]]
| {{crw|AUS}}
| Batsman / [[Captain (cricket)|Captain]]
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 5
| [[Harmanpreet Kaur]]
| {{crw|IND}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 6
| [[Stafanie Taylor]]
| {{crw|WIN}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 7
| [[Deandra Dottin]]
| {{crw|WIN}}
| Batsman
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 8
| [[Ellyse Perry]]
| {{crw|AUS}}
| All-rounder
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 9
| [[Anya Shrubsole]]
| {{crw|ENG}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 10
| [[Megan Schutt]]
| {{crw|AUS}}
| Bowler
|-
! scope=row style=text-align:center;| Number 11
| [[Poonam Yadav]]
| {{crw|IND}}
| Bowler
|}

{{col-end}}

==Criteria==
{{unreferenced section|date=July 2025}}
The criteria for nomination for the '''ICC Player of the Decade''' award are designed to recognize sustained excellence and significant impact in international cricket over a ten-year period. To be eligible for nomination, a cricketer must have achieved one of the following milestones: winning at least '''one ICC trophy''', including the [[Cricket World Cup]], [[ICC Test Championship Mace]], [[ICC Men's T20 World Cup]], or [[ICC Champions Trophy]]. Alternatively, the nominee can qualify by being named the '''ICC Player of the Tournament''' in any of these competitions at least once. These criteria highlight both team success and individual brilliance, ensuring that the nominees have not only contributed to their teams' achievements on the world stage but have also exhibited outstanding personal performances in major international tournaments.

==Nominations==
The following were the nominations and winners for the ICC Awards of the Decade:<ref name="ICC Decade Awards"/>

===ICC Men’s Cricketer of the Decade===
*{{cricon|India}} '''[[Virat Kohli]]''' {{endash}} '''Winner'''
*{{cricon|India}} [[Ravichandran Ashwin]]
*{{cricon|England}} [[Joe Root]]
*{{cricon|Sri Lanka}} [[Kumar Sangakkara]]
*{{cricon|Australia}} [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]]
*{{cricon|South Africa}} [[AB de Villiers]]
*{{cricon|New Zealand}} [[Kane Williamson]]
(Out of these only Kumar Sangakarra was retired at the time of nomination)

===ICC Women’s Cricketer of the Decade===
*{{criconw|New Zealand}} [[Suzie Bates]]
*{{criconw|Australia}} [[Meg Lanning]]
*{{criconw|Australia}} '''[[Ellyse Perry]]''' - '''Winner'''
*{{criconw|India}} [[Mithali Raj]]
*{{criconw|England}} [[Sarah Taylor (cricketer)|Sarah Taylor]]
*{{criconw|West Indies}} [[Stafanie Taylor]]

===ICC Men's Test Cricketer of the Decade===
*{{cricon|England}} [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]]
*{{cricon|India}} [[Virat Kohli]]
*{{cricon|Sri Lanka}} [[Rangana Herath]]
*{{cricon|Australia}} '''[[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]]''' - '''Winner'''
*{{cricon|Pakistan}} [[Yasir Shah]]
*{{cricon|England}} [[Joe Root]]
*{{cricon|New Zealand}} [[Kane Williamson]]

===ICC Men’s ODI Cricketer of the Decade===

*{{cricon| India}} '''[[Virat Kohli]]''' - '''Winner'''
*{{cricon|Sri Lanka}} [[Lasith Malinga]]
*{{cricon| Sri Lanka}} [[Kumar Sangakkara]]
*{{cricon| India}} [[Rohit Sharma]]
*{{cricon|Australia}} [[Mitchell Starc]]
*{{cricon| South Africa}} [[AB de Villiers]]

===ICC Women’s ODI Cricketer of the Decade===
*{{criconw|New Zealand}} [[Suzie Bates]]
*{{criconw|Australia}} [[Meg Lanning]]
*{{criconw|Australia}} '''[[Ellyse Perry]]''' - '''Winner'''
*{{criconw|India}} [[Mithali Raj]]
*{{criconw|West Indies}} [[Stafanie Taylor]]

===ICC Men's T20I Cricketer of the Decade===
*{{cricon|Australia}} [[Aaron Finch]]
*{{cricon|India}} [[Virat Kohli]]
*{{cricon|West Indies}} [[Chris Gayle]]
*{{cricon|Afghanistan|2013}} '''[[Rashid Khan]]''' - '''Winner'''
*{{cricon|Sri Lanka}} [[Lasith Malinga]]
*{{cricon|India}} [[Rohit Sharma]]
*{{cricon|South Africa}} [[Imran Tahir]]

===ICC Women’s T20I Cricketer of the Decade===
*{{criconw|New Zealand}} [[Sophie Devine]]
*{{criconw|West Indies}} [[Deandra Dottin]]
*{{criconw|Australia}} '''[[Ellyse Perry]]''' - '''Winner'''
*{{criconw|Australia}} [[Meg Lanning]]
*{{criconw|England}} [[Anya Shrubsole]]
*{{criconw|Australia}} [[Alyssa Healy]]

===ICC Men's Associate Cricketer of the Decade===
*{{cricon|Scotland}} [[Richie Berrington]]
*{{cricon|Netherlands}} [[Peter Borren]]
*{{cricon|Scotland}} '''[[Kyle Coetzer]]''' - '''Winner'''
*{{cricon|Nepal}} [[Paras Khadka]]
*{{cricon|Scotland}} [[Calum MacLeod (cricketer)|Calum MacLeod]]
*{{cricon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Assad Vala]]

===ICC Women's Associate Cricketer of the Decade===
*{{cricon|Scotland}} '''[[Kathryn Bryce]]''' - '''Winner'''
*{{cricon|Scotland}} [[Sarah Bryce]]
*{{cricon|Thailand}} [[Natthakan Chantam]]
*{{cricon|Netherlands}} [[Sterre Kalis]]
*{{cricon|Thailand}} [[Chanida Sutthiruang]]
*{{cricon|Thailand}} [[Sornnorin Tippoch]]

=== ICC Spirit of Cricket Award of the Decade ===
{{See also|ICC_Awards#ICC_Spirit_of_Cricket|l1=ICC Spirit of Cricket Award}}
*{{cricon|India}} '''[[MS Dhoni]]''' (2011 Winner) - '''Winner'''
*{{cricon|New Zealand}} [[Daniel Vettori]] (2012 Winner)
*{{cricon|Sri Lanka}} [[Mahela Jayawardene]] (2013 Winner)
*{{cricon|England}} [[Katherine Brunt]] (2014 Winner)
*{{cricon|New Zealand}} [[Brendon McCullum]] (2015 Winner)
*{{cricon|Pakistan}} [[Misbah-ul-Haq]] (2016 Winner)
*{{cricon|England}} [[Anya Shrubsole]] (2017 Winner)
*{{cricon|New Zealand}} [[Kane Williamson]] (2018 Winner)
*{{cricon|India}} [[Virat Kohli]] (2019 Winner)

==See also==
{{Portal|Cricket}}
* [[International Cricket Council]]
* [[ICC Awards]]
* [[Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy]] (Cricketer of the Year)
* [[ICC Test Player of the Year]]
* [[ICC ODI Player of the Year]]
* [[David Shepherd Trophy]] (Umpire of the Year)
* [[ICC Women's Cricketer of the Year]]
* [[ICC Test Team of the Year]]
* [[ICC ODI Team of the Year]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{ICC Awards}}

[[Category:International Cricket Council awards and rankings|*]]
[[Category:2020 sports awards|Crick]]
[[Category:2020 in cricket]]

Hassan al-Banna

2026-01-30T06:17:48Z

Maleeha: brief expand citations per sources and updated info as per guidelines

{{Short description|Egyptian Islamist leader and politician (1906–1949)}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2006}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| religion = [[Islam]]
| honorific-prefix = [[Sheikh]]
| name = Hassan Ahmed Abd al-Rahman Muhammed al-Banna
| native_name = {{lang|ar|{{Script/Arabic|حسن أحمد عبد الرحمن محمد البنا}}}}
| image = Hassan al-Banna.jpg
| module = {{Infobox officeholder|embed=yes
|office = Founder and 1st General Guide of the Egyptian [[Muslim Brotherhood]]
|president =
|term_start = 22 March 1928
|term_end = 12 February 1949
|predecessor =
|successor = [[Hassan al-Hudaybi]]}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1906|10|14|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Mahmoudiyah, Egypt|Mahmoudiyah]], [[Beheira Governorate|Beheira]], [[Khedivate of Egypt]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1949|02|12|1906|10|14|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Cairo]], [[Kingdom of Egypt]]
| death_cause = [[Gunshot wound]]s
| nationality = [[Egyptians|Egyptian]]
| jurisprudence = [[Salafism|Independent]] ([[Salafi]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-17 |title=Who is Shaikh Hassan Al-Banna? – Religion of Islam |url=https://religion-of-islam.com/index.php/2020/07/17/who-is-shaikh-hassan-al-banna-is-he-sufi/ |access-date=2024-07-12 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Hasan al-Banna and the Muslim Brotherhood |date=2017-08-09 |work=The Islamists |pages=31–50 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvgc6143.7 |access-date=2024-07-12 |publisher=Afro-Middle East Centre|doi=10.2307/j.ctvgc6143.7 |url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name="Ikhwani">{{Cite book |last=Bari |first=Johurul |url=https://catalogtest.lib.uchicago.edu/vufind/Record/2369280 |title=Re-emergence of the Muslim Brothers in Egypt |date=1995 |publisher=Lancers Books |isbn=978-81-7095-052-3 |location=New Delhi |page=15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=A history of the modern Islamic movement that is Salafism {{!}} Aeon Essays |url=https://aeon.co/essays/a-history-of-the-modern-islamic-movement-that-is-salafism |access-date=2024-07-12 |website=Aeon |language=en}}</ref>
| movement = [[Muslim Brotherhood|Ikhwani]]<ref name="Ikhwani" />
| party = [[Muslim Brotherhood]]
| alma_mater =
| influences = [[Ahmad Bin Hanbal]], [[al-Ghazali]], [[Ibn Taymiyyah]], [[Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyah]], [[:ar:أحمد عبد الرحمن البنا الساعاتي|Ahmed al-Banna]], Abdul-Wahhab al-Hasafi, [[Muhammad Abduh]], [[Rashid Rida]],<ref name="Islamist Thought pg. 26">Introduction to ''Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought: Texts and Contexts from Al-Banna to Bin Laden'', pg. 26. Part of the Princeton Studies in Muslim Politics series. Eds. [[Roxanne Leslie Euben]] and Muhammad Qasim Zaman. [[Princeton, New Jersey|Princeton]]: [[Princeton University Press]], 2006. {{ISBN|9780691135885}}</ref> [[Izz al-Din al-Qassam|Shaykh Izz al-Din al-Qassam]]
| influenced = [[Muslim Brotherhood]], [[Jamaat-e-Islami]], [[Hassan al-Hudaybi]], [[Mohammed Mahdi Akef]], [[Mohammed Badie]], [[Mahmoud Ezzat]], [[Mohamed Naguib]], [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]], [[Anwar Sadat]], [[Sayyid Qutb]], [[:ar:محمد محمود الصواف|Muhammad Mahmoud al-Sawaf]], [[:ar:عبد المنعم صالح العلي العزي|Abdel Moneim Saleh al-Ali al-Ezzi]], [[:ar:يوسف العظم|Yusuf Azm]], [[Mohammed al-Ghazali]], [[Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani]], [[:ar:عبد الحميد البلالي|Abdul Hamid al-Bilali]], [[Wagdy Abd el-Hamied Mohamed Ghoneim]], [[Abu Muhammad al-Maqdisi]], [[Amin al-Husseini]], [[Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi]], [[Yahya Ayyash]], [[Yusuf al-Qaradawi]], [[Rached Ghannouchi]], [[:ar:عبد الله المطوع|Abdullah al-Mutawa]], [[:ar:جاسم مهلهل الياسين|Jassim Muhalhal al-Yasin]], [[Muhammad Surur]], [[Mustafa al-Siba'i]], [[:ar:محمد العوضي|Mohamed al-Awadi]], [[Abdullah Yusuf Azzam]], [[Mahfoud Nahnah]], [[Zainab al Ghazali|Zainab al-Ghazali]], [[:ar:لبيبة أحمد|Labiba Ahmed]], [[Yvonne Ridley]]
| creed = [[Athari]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=R. Halverson|first=Jeffrey|title=Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2010|isbn=978-0-230-10279-8| location=New York|pages=49, 62 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=C. Martin, R. Woodward |first=Richard, Mark |title=Defenders of Reason in Islam: Mu'tazilism from Medieval School to Modern Symbol |publisher=One World Publications |year=2010|isbn=978-1-85168-147-1| location=185 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 7AR, England|page=218}}</ref>
}}
'''Hassan Ahmed Abd al-Rahman Muhammed al-Banna''' ({{langx|ar|حسن أحمد عبد الرحمن محمد البنا}}; 14 October 1906 – 12 February 1949), known as '''Hassan al-Banna''' ({{langx|ar|حسن البنا}}), was an Egyptian schoolteacher and [[Imam]], best known for founding the [[Muslim Brotherhood]],<ref name="HB" /> one of the largest and most influential global [[Islamism|Islamist]] movements,<ref name="HB">{{Cite news|url=http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0006.xml|title=Hasan al-Banna – Islamic Studies – Oxford Bibliographies – obo|access-date=2017-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101074107/http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0006.xml|archive-date=2017-01-01|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Ikhwani" /> and for his death<ref name=Kepel
>{{cite book
|last=Kepel
|first=Gilles
|title=Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam
|date=2006
|publisher=I.B. Tauris
|pages=122
|isbn=978-1-84511-257-8
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OLvTNk75hUoC&pg=PA61
|quote=
}}
</ref> at the hands of the Egyptian government.<ref name="roots"/>

Al-Banna's writings marked a turning-point in Islamic intellectual history by presenting a distinct and all-encompassing modern ideology based on [[Islam]].<ref name="OEIW">{{cite encyclopedia |author=Olivier Carré |translator=Elizabeth Keller |author2=Liv Tønnessen |title=Bannā, Ḥasan al- |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World |editor=John L. Esposito |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2009 |url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-0101 |url-access=subscription |isbn=9780195305135 |access-date=2017-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913230819/http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-0101 |archive-date=2017-09-13 |url-status=live}}</ref> Al-Banna considered Islam to be a comprehensive system of life, with the [[Quran]] and [[Sunnah]] as the only acceptable constitution.<ref name="ODI">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Banna, Hasan al- |editor=John L. Esposito |encyclopedia=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2014 |url=https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary00bada |url-access=subscription |isbn=9780195125580}}</ref> He called for [[Islamization]] of the state, the economy, and society.<ref name="OEIW" /> He declared that establishing a just society required development of institutions and progressive taxation, and developed an [[Islamic economics|Islamic fiscal theory]] where ''[[zakat]]'' would be reserved for social expenditure in order to reduce inequality.<ref name="ODI" /><ref name="OEIW" /> Al-Banna's ideology featured criticism of Western [[materialism]], [[British imperialism]], and the traditionalism of the Egyptian ''[[Ulama|ulema]]''.<ref name="BEIP">{{cite encyclopedia |author=Patrick S. O'Donnell |title=al-Banna', Hasan (1906–49) |encyclopedia=The Biographical Encyclopaedia of Islamic Philosophy |publisher=[[Continuum International Publishing Group|Continuum]] |editor=Oliver Leaman |year=2010 |url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199754731.001.0001/acref-9780199754731-e-80 |url-access=subscription |isbn=9780199754731 |access-date=2017-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913184038/http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199754731.001.0001/acref-9780199754731-e-80 |archive-date=2017-09-13 |url-status=live}}</ref> He appealed to Egyptian and [[Pan-Arabism|pan-Arab]] patriotism but rejected [[Arab nationalism]] and regarded all [[Muslims]] as members of a single [[Ummah|nation-community]].<ref name="ODI" /><ref name="OEIW" /><ref name="BEIP" />

Following the [[abolition of the Caliphate]] in 1924, al-Banna called on Muslims to prepare for armed struggle against [[colonial rule]]; he warned Muslims against the "widespread belief" that "''jihad'' of the heart" was more important than "''jihad'' of the sword".{{sfn|Kadri|2012|p=160}} He allowed the formation of a secret military wing within the Muslim Brotherhood, which took part in the [[Arab–Israeli conflict]].<ref name="BEIP" /> Al-Banna generally encouraged Egyptians to abandon [[Western culture|Western customs]]; and argued that the state should enforce Islamic public morality through censorship and application of ''[[hudud]]'' corporal punishment.<ref name="OEIW" /> Nonetheless, his thought was open to Western ideas and some of his writings quote European authors instead of Islamic sources.<ref name="OEIW" />

Al-Banna was assassinated by the [[State Security Investigations Service|Egyptian secret police]] in 1949.<ref name="ODI" /> His son-in-law [[Said Ramadan]] emerged as a major leader of the Muslim Brotherhood in the 1950s.

==Early life==

Hassan al-Banna was born on 14 October 1906 in [[Mahmoudiyah, Egypt|Mahmudiyya]], a rural [[Nile Delta]] town in the [[Beheira Governorate]] northwest of [[Cairo]].
{{Islamism sidebar|Key ideologues}}
His father, Sheikh Ahmed Abd al-Rahman al-Banna al-Sa'ati, was a [[Hanbali]] imam,<ref name="مجلة المجتمع">[http://www.almujtamaa-mag.com/Detail.asp?InSectionID=2332&InNewsItemID=297055 "من أعلام الدعوة والحركة الإسلامية المعاصرة":الشيخ المحدّث أحمد عبد الرحمن البنا الساعاتي بقية السلف وزينة الخلف]{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}، مجلة المجتمع الكويتية، 20 ديسمبر 2008م</ref> [[muezzin]] and mosque teacher. His father was an important spiritual influence during al-Banna's early life. Sheikh Ahmed was known for his work as a Hanbali scholar, particularly his classifications of the traditions of Imam [[Ahmad ibn Hanbal]]. These classifications became known as ''musnad al-fath al-rabbani''. Through this work, Sheikh Ahmed forged connections with [[Islam]]ic scholars that proved useful when his son moved to Cairo in 1932.

In addition to his early exposure to [[Islamic fundamentalism|puritanism]], Hassan al-Banna was inspired by [[Rashid Rida]]'s magazine, [[al-Manar (magazine)|''Al-Manar'']] and he was heavily influenced by [[Islamic fundamentalism]] as a youth in Mahmudiyya.<ref name="Islamist Thought pg. 26" />

Al-Banna was first exposed to [[Egyptian nationalism|Egyptian nationalist]] politics during the [[Egyptian Revolution of 1919]]; he was thirteen years old at the time. In his personal accounts, Al-Banna identified himself with the widespread activism of the time. Despite his young age, al-Banna participated in demonstrations in [[Damanhur]], published political pamphlets and founded youth reform societies.<ref>{{Cite book |last=al-Banna |first=Hassan |title=Mudhakkirât al-da'wa wa al-dâ'iya |publisher=International Islamic Publishers |year=1982 |edition=1st |location=Karachi |translator-last=Shaikh |translator-first=M.N. |trans-title=Memoirs of Hasan al Banna Shaheed}}</ref> Although Al-Banna's family were not members of the Egyptian elite, they were relatively well-respected in [[El Mahmoudiyah|Mahmudiyya]]. Sheikh Ahmed's was a distinguished [[Imam]] and the family owned some property. However, during the 1920s economic crisis, the family had trouble sustaining the upkeep of their property and moved to [[Cairo]] in 1924.

==Education==

In Mahmudiyya, al-Banna studied in the village mosque with Sheikh Zahran. The two developed a close relationship that influenced al-Banna's early intellectual and religious development. In addition to the mosque school, al-Banna received private instruction from his father. He also studied in Cairo for four years; he attended Dar al-‘Ulum, an Egyptian institution that educated prospective teachers in modern subjects. The school was not very traditional and al-Banna enrolled against his father's wishes, as a break from typical Islamic conservatism. Building upon his father's scholarly connections, al-Banna became associated with the Islamic Society for Nobility of Islamic Morals and the [[Young Men's Muslim Association]] (YMMA). He published more than fifteen articles in ''Majallat al-Fath'', an influential Islamic journal associated with the YMMA.

Hasan al-Banna headed to Cairo in 1923 to enroll as a student in [[Faculty of Dar Al-Uloom, Cairo University|Dar al-Ulum College]]. His student life would be a significant experience for his ideological formation. In the face of an urban social life vastly different from his rural upbringing, Al-Banna "noticed a defection of the educated youth from what he considered to be the Islamic way of life." Al-Banna also had disdain for Egypt's liberal political class. It was during this time that he became exposed to the works of the Salafi scholar [[Rashid Rida]]. He was a regular visitor of the ''Salafiyya'' book store, at that time directed by [[Muhibb-ud-Deen Al-Khatib|Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib]]; and often attended the lectures of Rashid Rida. For Al-Banna, Rida's works provided him theological guidance to rectify the faults he was witnessing in Egypt.<ref name="encyclopediageopolitica.com">{{Cite web|date=2 March 2021 |title= The Family Tree of Islamist Extremism | url=https://encyclopediageopolitica.com/2021/03/02/the-family-tree-of-islamist-extremism |url-status=live| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302231204/https://encyclopediageopolitica.com/2021/03/02/the-family-tree-of-islamist-extremism/ |archive-date=2 March 2021 |website=Encyclopedia Geopolitica}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=P. Mitchell|first=Richard|title=The Society of the Muslim Brothers|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1968|isbn=0-19-508437-3|location=New York-4314|page=5|chapter=Chapter 1: HASAN AL-BANNA AND THE FOUNDING OF THE SOCIETY OF THE MUSLIM BROTHERS}}</ref>

==Muslim Brotherhood==
Al-Banna learned of the abolition of the [[Ottoman Caliphate]] in 1924, while he was still a student. This event influenced him greatly; although the caliphate had no power, he viewed its end as a "calamity". He later called the events a "declaration of war against all shapes of Islam".<ref name="farmer-2007-83">{{cite book|last1=Farmer|first1=Brian R.|title=Understanding Radical Islam: Medieval Ideology in the Twenty-first Century|date=2007|publisher=Peter Lang|page=83|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bIQ0hhu8l7IC&q=al-banna+on+caliphate&pg=PA83|access-date=29 December 2016|isbn=9780820488431}}</ref>

After completing his studies at a Dar al-‘Ulum in 1927, al-Banna became a primary school teacher in [[Ismailia]]. At that time, Ismailia was the location of the Egyptian headquarters of the [[Suez Canal]]. Foreign influence was stronger in Ismailia than in other parts of Egypt. While living there, al-Banna grew increasingly disillusioned with British [[cultural colonization|cultural colonialism]]. He was especially concerned that hasty attempts to modernize Egypt often had the negative effect of compromising Islamic principles. Many Egyptian nationalists were also dissatisfied with [[Wafd Party|Wafd]] leadership, mainly because of its moderate stances and insistence on [[secularism]].

Hassan al-Banna became acquainted with many important thinkers in Cairo, and had also established personal correspondence with Rashid Rida. Here, Al-Banna developed an ideological framework which synthesised the worldview of past Islamic revivalists in Rashid Rida's interpretation. One of the most important revivalist ideas advocated by Rida was the formation of an [[Islamic state]] that would govern by the [[Sharia]] and return to a society modelled during the time of [[ Prophet Muhammad]] and his [[Companions of the Prophet|companions]]. This idea of a revolutionary struggle based on Islamic principles would guide Hassan al-Banna's later life and manifest in the formation of the [[Muslim Brotherhood]].<ref name="encyclopediageopolitica.com" />
[[File:Hassan el banna ikhwan.jpg|thumb|219x219px|Hassan al-Banna with his followers and supporters.]]

Following the ideas of [[Rashid Rida]], Al-Banna believed that moral decay was the primary cause of societal and political decline and felt that talks held within the arena of mosques were not sufficient to hold the influx of societal liberalisation encouraged by political secularisation. In his time at [[Ismailia]], Al-Banna took to the cafes to preach to the general public in short lectures. His charismatic speeches attracted a large number of youth to his call. In March 1928 six workers affiliated with the [[Suez Canal Company]] approached Banna, complaining about injustices suffered by Muslims at the hands of foreign colonialist control. They appointed Banna as their leader and to work for [[Islam]] through ''[[Jihad]]'' and revive Islamic Brotherhood. Thus, the [[Muslim Brotherhood|Muslim Brothers]] were born; under the pledge that its members would<blockquote>"be soldiers in the call to Islam, and in that is the life for the country and the honour for the ''[[Ummah]]''. ... We are brothers in the service of Islam. Hence we are the 'Muslim Brothers'."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Pankhurst|first=Reza|title=The Inevitable Caliphate? - A History of the Struggle for Global Islamic Union, 1924 to the Present|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2013|isbn=978-0-19-932799-7|location=New York|pages=68–69}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=DE BELLAIGUE|first=CHRISTOPHER|title=The Islamic Enlightenment: The Struggle Between Faith and Reason- 1798 to Modern Times|publisher=LIVERIGHT PUBLISHING CORPORATION|year=2017|isbn=978-0-87140-373-5|location=New York|page=376|chapter=Chapter 6: Counter-Enlightenment}}</ref></blockquote>

At first, the Muslim Brotherhood was only one of many small Islamic associations that existed at the time. Similar to the organizations that al-Banna had himself joined at a young age, these organizations aimed to promote personal piety and engaged in pure charitable activities. By the late 1930s, the Muslim Brotherhood had established branches in every Egyptian province.

A decade later, the organization had 500,000 active members and as many sympathizers in Egypt alone.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} Its appeal was not limited only to Egypt; its popularity had grown in several other countries. The organization's growth was particularly pronounced after al-Banna relocated their headquarters to Cairo in 1932. The most important factor contributing to this dramatic expansion was the organizational and ideological leadership provided by al-Banna.{{Citation needed|date=July 2017}}

In Ismailia, al-Banna preached not only in the mosque, but also in the coffee houses; in those times, coffee houses were generally viewed as a morally suspect novelty. When some of his views on relatively minor points of Islamic practice led to strong disagreements with the local religious elite, he adopted the policy of avoiding religious controversies.<ref name="Mitchell 7">Mitchell, 7.</ref><ref>Lia, 32–35.</ref>

Al-Banna was appalled by the many conspicuous signs of foreign military and economic domination in Ismailia: the British military camps, the public utilities, farms, food supply were owned by foreign interests, and the comfortable villas of the foreign management of the [[Suez Canal Company]], next to the simple shacks of the Egyptian workers.<ref name="Mitchell 7"/>

==Political activity and thought==
[[File:Ikhwan-Kateba.jpg|thumb|Hassan al-Banna eating with supporters.]]

Al-Banna endeavored to bring about reforms through institution-building, relentless activism at the grassroots level and a reliance on mass communication. He built a complex mass movement that featured sophisticated governance structures; sections in charge of furthering the society's values among peasants, workers and professionals; units entrusted with key functions, including propagation of the message, liaison with the Islamic world and press and translation; and specialized committees for finances and legal affairs. Declaring [[Islam]] as the only comprehensive religious system that could solve the challenges of modernity and calling upon [[Muslims]] to reject [[European values|Western ideologies]], Al-Banna wrote: <blockquote>"If the French Revolution decreed the rights of man and declared for freedom, equality and brotherhood, and if the Russian Revolution brought closer the classes and social justice for the people, the great Islamic Revolution [had] decreed all that 1300 years before. It did not confine itself to philosophical theories but rather spread these principles through daily life, and added to them [the notions of] divinity of mankind, and the perfectibility of his virtues and [the fulfilment of] his spiritual tendencies".<ref>{{Cite book|last=P. Mitchell |first=Richard |title=The Society of the Muslim Brothers |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1993 | isbn=0-19-508437-3 |location=New York-4314 |chapter= IX: The Solution | pages=232–233}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ahmad |first=Talmiz |title=West Asia at War: Repression, Resistance and Great Power Games |publisher=HarperCollins |year=2022 |isbn=978-93-5489-525-8 |location=4th Floor, Tower A, Building No. 10, Phase II, DLF Cyber City, Gurugram, Haryana – 122002 |chapter=5: Islam at the Heart of West Asian Politics (1979-2001)}}</ref></blockquote>

Al-Banna relied on pre-existing social networks―in particular those built around mosques, Islamic welfare associations and neighborhood groups―to anchor the Muslim Brotherhood into Egyptian society. This weaving of traditional ties into a distinctively modern structure was at the root of his success. Directly attached to the brotherhood, and feeding its expansion, were numerous businesses, clinics, and schools. In addition, members were affiliated with the movement through a series of cells, revealingly called ''usar'' ("families").{{citation needed|date=June 2017}}

The material, social and psychological support provided by the Muslim Brotherhood were instrumental to the movement's ability to generate enormous loyalty among its members and to attract new recruits. The movement was built around services and an organizational structure intended to enable individuals to integrate into a distinctly Islamic setting that was shaped by the society's own principles.

Rooted in Islam, Al-Banna's message tackled issues including [[colonialism]], [[public health]], [[educational]] policy, [[natural resources]] management, [[social inequalities]], [[pan-Islamism]], [[nationalism]], [[Arab nationalism]], the weakness of the Islamic world on the international scene, and the growing conflict in [[Mandate Palestine|Palestine]].<ref>Mura, 61–85.</ref> By emphasizing concerns that appealed to a variety of constituencies, al-Banna was able to recruit from among a cross-section of Egyptian society—though modern-educated civil servants, office employees, and professionals remained dominant among the organization's activists and decision-makers. Al-Banna was also active in resisting British colonial rule in Egypt.

Al-Banna warned his readers against the "widespread belief among many Muslims" that jihad of the heart was more important and demanding than jihad of the sword.{{sfn|Kadri|2012|p=158}} He called on Muslims to prepare for [[jihad]] against colonial powers:<blockquote>Muslims ... are compelled to humble themselves before non-Muslims, and are ruled by unbelievers. Their lands have been trampled over, and their honor besmirched. Their adversaries are in charge of their affairs, and the rites of their religion have fallen into abeyance with their own domains ... Hence it has become an individual obligation, which there is no evading, on every Muslim to prepare his equipment, to make up his mind to engage in jihad, and to get ready for it until the opportunity is ripe and God decrees.<ref>Al-Banna, Hasan, ''Five Tracts of Hasan Al-Banna, (1906–49): A Selection from the "Majmu'at Rasa'il al-Imam al-Shahid Hasan al-Banna"'', Translated by Charles Wendell. Berkeley, CA, 1978, pp.150, 155;</ref></blockquote>
With his work ''On Jihad'' written toward the end of the 1930s, he became "the first influential scholar since the 1857 India uprising" to call for jihad against unbelievers.{{sfn|Kadri|2012|p=158}}

===Views===
Al-Banna was well known for his emphasis on importance of propagating Islam and on jihad of the sword in the face of Western power.
{{blockquote|The Quran has appointed the Muslims guardians over immature humanity and gave them dominion and sovereignty over the world to serve this noble purpose. Our mission is to guide all humanity towards the pure Islamic principles without which man cannot attain happiness. God has also commanded us to spread Islam by reason and persuasion, but if we are opposed, then by the sword and the spear.<ref name="al-Banna-35-37-(Chamieh p.146">Al-Banna, Hasan, ''Al-Rasa'el'' (The Epistles, a collection of his sermons), al-Mo'assasa al-Islamiya, Beirut 1984, p.35–37; cited in {{cite book |title=Traditionalists, Militants and Liberal in Present Islam |first1=Jebran |last1=Chamieh |publisher=Research and Publishing House |date=1977 |page=146}}</ref>}}

He also believed that the doctrine of early Muslims towards disbelievers in the creation of their empire had not been outdated. "Islam presents hostile [Christians and Jews] with three choices: Acceptance of Islam, war, or paying the poll tax" ([[jizya]]).<ref>Al-Banna, Hasan, ''Al-Rasa'el'' (The Epistles, a collection of his sermons), al-Mo'assasa al-Islamiya, Beirut 1984, p.43; cited in {{cite book |title=Traditionalists, Militants and Liberal in Present Islam |first1=Jebran |last1=Chamieh |publisher=Research and Publishing House |date=1977 |page=68}}</ref> Although neither a ruler nor a scholar, in the history of the Islamic world Al-Banna notable for inspiring individual Muslims to wage "free-lance" jihad warfare "for the first time"—as prior to his influence jihad had been led a caliph or Muslim ruler.{{sfn|Kadri|2012|p=160}}

==Muslim Brothers and the Palestine conflict==
[[File:Al-Banna and al-Masri.jpg|thumb|right|Al-Banna (third from left) with [[Aziz Ali al-Misri]] (fourth from right), [[Mohamed Ali Eltaher]] (second from the right) and Egyptian, Palestinian and Algerian political and religious figures at a reception in Cairo, 1947]]

Among the Muslim Brothers' most notable accomplishments during these early years was its involvement in the [[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine]]. The Muslim Brothers launched a pro-Palestine campaign which contributed to making the Palestine issue a widespread Muslim concern. The Muslim Brothers carried out a fundraising campaign said to have relied upon donations from the rural and urban working classes, rather than wealthy Egyptians. In addition to their fundraising efforts, the Muslim Brothers also organized special prayers for Palestinian Arab nationalists, held political rallies, and distributed propaganda. Although the Arab revolt in Palestine was ultimately suppressed through repression and military action, the Muslim Brothers' impressive mobilization efforts helped make the Palestinian question a pan-Arab concern in the Middle East.

When Rashid Rida died in August 1935, his ''Al-Manar'' magazine also perished with him. Sometime in 1939, Hassan al-Banna resurrected ''Al-Manar'' to further promote the revolutionary ideology pioneered by the Muslim Brotherhood and claim Rashid Rida's legacy.<ref name="encyclopediageopolitica.com"/>

Hassan al-Banna in two of his writings, ''Peace In Islam'' and ''Our Message'', criticizes the ultra-nationalism of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy as being a "reprehensible idea" within which was "not the slightest good"<ref>"Six Tracts of Hasan Al-Bana", page 70, Africaw for Publishing and Distribution, 2006</ref> and which gave power to "chosen tyrants".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/document/97406376/Peace-in-Islam-Hassan-Al-Banna|title = Peace in Islam - Hassan Al-Banna | PDF | God in Islam | Muhammad}}</ref> According to historian Malise Ruthven, he expressed `considerable admiration for the Nazi Brownshirts` during the 1930s.<ref name="Ruthven-Fury-2002">{{cite book |last1=Ruthven |first1=Malise |title=A fury for God : the Islamist attack on America |date=2002 |publisher=Granta |location=London, NY |page=73 |isbn=978-1-86207-540-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/furyforgodislami0000ruth/mode/2up?q=brownshirts |access-date=12 February 2025}}</ref><ref name="Berman Terror 2003-59"/> He used the name ''kata'ib'' (phalanges) for the units of his organization, in the style of [[Francisco Franco]], the Fascist dictator of Spain (according to Paul Berman).<ref name="Berman Terror 2003-59">{{cite book |last1=Berman |first1=Paul |title=Terror and Liberalism |date=2003 |publisher=W.W. Norton and Company |page=59}}</ref>

===Final days and assassination===
Between 1948 and 1949, shortly after the society sent volunteers to fight against Israel in the [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]], the conflict between the [[Kingdom of Egypt|monarchy]] and the organization reached its climax. Concerned with the Brotherhood's increasing assertiveness and popularity among the masses, as well as being alarmed by rumours that the Brotherhood was plotting a [[coup]] against the monarchy and cabinet, [[Prime Minister of Egypt|Prime Minister]] [[Nokrashy Pasha]] (whose predecessor had been slain by a Brotherhood adherent near the end of World War II) outlawed the organization in December 1948. The Brotherhood's assets were impounded and scores of its members were sent to jail. Following the murder of Nokrashy Pasha by a student member of the Brotherhood,<ref>''Biographical Dictionary Of Modern Egypt'' (American University in Cairo Press {{ISBN|1-55587-229-8}})</ref> Al-Banna released a statement condemning the assassination and stating that terror is not acceptable in Islam.<ref>Mitchell, Richard Paul, ''The Society of the Muslim Brothers'', Oxford University Press, 1993, pp. 68–69</ref><ref>http://www.mideastweb.org/Middle-East-Encyclopedia/hassan_al-banna.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208111805/http://www.mideastweb.org/Middle-East-Encyclopedia/hassan_al-banna.htm |date=2012-02-08 }} suggests that al-Banna favoured assassination and therefore was assassinated by the government.</ref><ref name="roots">{{cite web|url=http://allthingspoliticaltoday.com/articles/the-roots-of-al-qaeda|title=The Roots of al-Qaeda|publisher=All Things Political Today|access-date=26 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111122155918/http://allthingspoliticaltoday.com/articles/the-roots-of-al-qaeda|archive-date=22 November 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 12 February 1949, al-Banna and his brother-in-law Abdul Karim Mansur were scheduled to negotiate with the government's representative, Minister Zaki Ali Pasha, at the Jama'iyyat al-Shubban al-Muslimeen headquarters in Cairo—but the minister never arrived. By 5 p.m., al-Banna and his brother-in-law had decided to leave. As they stood waiting for a taxi, they were shot by two men. Al-Banna eventually died from his wounds. [[Farouk of Egypt|King Farouk]] and his [[Iron Guard of Egypt]] were accused of being behind the assassination.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://egyptianchronicles.blogspot.com/2008/02/egyptian-x-files-who-killed-hassan-al.html|title=Egyptian Chronicles: Egyptian X-files: Who Killed Hassan Al Bana ??|last=Zeinobia|date=27 February 2008|access-date=17 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150420072042/http://egyptianchronicles.blogspot.com/2008/02/egyptian-x-files-who-killed-hassan-al.html|archive-date=20 April 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> His father Ahmed retrieved his corpse from [[Qasr El Eyni Hospital]] to his house, then his coffin was carried by women with the police escort who prevented men from attending his funeral except for [[Makram Ebeid]] who was a government figure.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/4/0/69312/Opinion/Makram-Ebeid-Pacha--Hassan-ElBanna-Egypts-golden-a.aspx |title=Makram Ebeid Pacha & Hassan El-Banna: Egypt's golden age of national unity |website=ahram.org |date=17 April 2013 }}</ref>

==Family==
Al-Banna's daughter Wafa al-Banna was married to [[Said Ramadan]], who became a major leader of the Muslim Brotherhood. Their two sons, [[Tariq Ramadan]] and [[Hani Ramadan]], are Islamic scholars and educationists. Hassan al-Banna's younger brother, [[Gamal al-Banna]], was a more liberal scholar and proponent of [[Liberalism and progressivism within Islam|Islamic reform]].<ref>[[Caroline Fourest]], ''Brother Tariq: The Doublespeak of Tariq Ramadan'', Encounter Books (2008), p. 7</ref>

==Writings==
Hassan al-Banna wrote more than 2000 articles and many books, which include an [[autobiographical novel]] entitled ''Mudhakkirât al-da'wa wa al-dâ'iya'' (''Remembrances of Preaching and of a Preacher'').<ref>Brigitte Maréchal, ''The Muslim Brothers in Europe: Roots and Discourse'', BRILL (2008), p. 89</ref>

==See also==
* [[History of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{Wikiquote}}
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*{{citation|last=Mitchell|first=Richard P.|year=1993|title=The Society of the Muslim Brothers|location=London |publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-508437-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ltVtj3Kh7IIC}}
*{{cite journal |last=Mura |first=Andrea |year=2012 |title=A genealogical inquiry into early Islamism: the discourse of Hasan al-Banna |journal=Journal of Political Ideologies |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=61–85 |doi= 10.1080/13569317.2012.644986|s2cid=144873457 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/MURAGI }}
*{{cite book|first=Andrea|last=Mura|title=The Symbolic Scenarios of Islamism: A Study in Islamic Political Thought|url=https://www.routledge.com/products/9781472443892|publisher=Routledge|year=2015|place=London}}
*{{cite journal |last=Soage |first=Ana B. |year=2008 |title=Hasan al-Banna or the politicisation of Islam |journal=Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=21–42 |doi= 10.1080/14690760701856374|s2cid=144898080 }}
*{{Cite book
| publisher = Knopf
| isbn = 978-0-375-41486-2
| last = Wright
| first = Lawrence
| author-link = Lawrence Wright
| title = The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11
| date = 2006-08-08
| page = [https://archive.org/details/loomingtoweralqa00wrig/page/480 480]
| title-link = The Looming Tower
}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060725223759/http://www.youngmuslims.ca/biographies/display.asp?ID=8 Hasan Al-Banna] at www.youngmuslims.ca

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080129131208/http://www.hassanalbanna.org/ www.hassanalbanna.org]
* [http://www.islamtimes.org/vdcd.j0s2yt0jfme6y.html biography]
* [http://www.islamtimes.org/vdcg.79wrak97tj54a.html Founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Al-Banna was one of the century's most original thinkers]
* [http://www.islamtimes.org/vdcc.iq0a2bqisy-82.html The Ten Principles of Hasan al-Banna]
* [http://www.islamtimes.org/vdcd.x0o2yt0xxme6y.html Letter to a Muslim Student]
* [http://www.islamtimes.org/vdca.unyk49nuogt14.html Hasan al-Banna]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090902105703/http://www.makingsenseofjihad.com/albannas_on_jihad/ "''On Jihad''" from ''Five Tracts of Hasan al-Banna'']

{{S-start}}
{{s-rel}}
{{succession box|title=General Guide of the [[Muslim Brotherhood]]|before=''New position''|after=[[Hassan al-Hudaybi]]|years=1928–1949}}
{{S-end}}

{{IslamismNorthAfrica}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Banna, Hasan Al}}
[[Category:1906 births]]
[[Category:1949 deaths]]
[[Category:People murdered in 1949]]
[[Category:Cairo University alumni]]
[[Category:Assassinated Egyptian politicians]]
[[Category:Atharis]]
[[Category:Muslim anti-fascists]]
[[Category:Muslim reformers]]
[[Category:Muslim Brotherhood founders]]
[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Egypt]]
[[Category:Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood leaders]]
[[Category:Islamic philosophers]]
[[Category:People murdered in Egypt]]
[[Category:People from Beheira Governorate]]
[[Category:Caliphalism]]
[[Category:Egyptian Islamists]]
[[Category:Politicians assassinated in the 1940s]]
[[Category:Political prisoners in Egypt]]

1979 in Kerala

2026-01-20T06:17:43Z

Maleeha: created new details

{{Year in Kerala}}Events in the year '''1979''' in '''Kerala'''.

== Incumbents ==
[[List of governors of Kerala|'''Governor of Kerala''']] -

* [[Jothi Venkatachalam]]

[[List of chief ministers of Kerala|'''Chief ministers of Kerala''']] –

* [[P. K. Vasudevan Nair]] - till October
* [[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] - till December followed by [[President's rule]]

== Events ==

* 16 April - [[P. K. Vasudevan Nair]] travels to [[Bombay]] to meet [[Vinoba Bhave]] and informs that [[Kerala]] will not impose [[Cattle slaughter in India|Ban on Cow slaughter]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-18 |title=April 11, 1979, Forty Years Ago: Kerala rejects ban |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/editorials/april-11-1979-forty-years-ago-kerala-rejects-ban-5681136/ |access-date=2025-12-10 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
* 3 July - [[MV Kairali]] a ship owned by [[Kerala Shipping and Inland Navigation Corporation|Kerala Shipping Corporation]] goes missing on its sail from [[Mormugao]] to [[Rostock]] with [[Iron ore]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ravi |first=Rajesh |date=2025-06-30 |title=The haunting legacy of MV Kairali |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2025/Jun/30/the-haunting-legacy-of-mv-kairali |access-date=2025-12-10 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
* 2 October - [[Thiruvananthapuram railway division]] formed.
* 7 October - [[P. K. Vasudevan Nair]] submits resignation to [[Governor of Kerala]] following [[Indian National Congress (U)]] withdrawing its support to the government.
* 1 December - [[Koya ministry]], the first [[Indian Union Muslim League]] led government in state resigns following Congress withdrawing support.

== Dates unknown ==

* Coalition fronts [[Left Democratic Front]] and [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]] takes shape in state.

== Birth ==

* 17 December - [[Indrajith Sukumaran]], actor.

== Deaths ==
* 7 July - [[C. Kesavan]], Chief Minister of [[Travancore–Cochin]] (b.1891)

== See also ==

* [[History of Kerala]]
* [[1979 in India]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}{{Commons category-inline}}

[[Category:1970 in India]]
[[Category:Years in Kerala]]
[[Category:1970s in Kerala]]

Gurusagaram

2026-01-15T05:32:52Z

Maleeha: update layout after review

{{Short description|Book by O. V. Vijayan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Gurusagaram
| image = File:The_Infinity_of_Grace.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = English language edition (1997) ''The Infinity of Grace''
| alt =
| author = [[O. V. Vijayan]]
| title_orig =
| translator =
| illustrator =
| cover_artist =
| country = India
| language = [[Malayalam]]
| series =
| subject =
| genre = Novel
| publisher = [[DC Books]]
| publisher2 =
| pub_date = 1987
| english_pub_date =
| media_type =
| pages = 171
| awards = [[Sahitya Akademi Award|Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award]] [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]] [[Vayalar Award]]
| isbn =
| oclc =
| dewey =
| congress =
| preceded_by =
| preceded_by_quotation_marks =
| followed_by =
| followed_by_quotation_marks =
| wikisource =
}}
'''''Gurusagaram''''' (''The Infinity of Grace'') is a 1987 novel written by [[O. V. Vijayan]]. The novel is a spiritual odyssey into the human psyche. It differs in language, vision and characterisation from Vijayan's earlier works such as ''[[Khasakkinte Itihasam]]'' and ''Dharmapuranam''. It won many major awards including the [[Sahitya Akademi Award|Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award]], [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]] and [[Vayalar Award]].

==Plot summary==
''Gurusagaram'' differs in language, vision and characterisation from Vijayan's earlier works. It is on the immanence of Guru in the life of the seeker. Guru is everywhere and is manifested in everybody. The seeker partakes of the grace of the Guru as he happens for him unawares and unconditional. The central character Kunjunni is a journalist from Kerala, working in Delhi, going on an assignment to report the Bengal partition of 1971. He undergoes an excruciating experience both spiritually and physically to learn how to annihilate all forms of ego.
During his search for The teacher, he encounters teachers from all spheres of life, each of them teaching him lessons that help him on the way, and he in turn becoming teacher to many of them.

The beginning chapter gives an account of how his father becomes a teacher to him and the chain of teachers that begins from there continues till the last chapter where he discovers his ultimate guru. the range of teachers include his childhood friend Colonel Balakrishnan now Swami Nirmalanandan, Olga the Czech media person haunted by the aftermath of the war she had to endure, Haimavathi the girl whom he molested, Lalitha, the shorthand writer at his office, and many more characters from so diverse backgrounds. He's troubled by the separation from his wife Shivani, and is torn between her unwillingness to get back together and his love for their daughter Kalyani.

He often goes to Nirmalanandan to find solace, discussing himself with his friend. It's during such a visit that Kunjunni starts his journey along the lines of spirituality. On complaining about the restlessness in his life, Swami leaves him alone on the shores of the river where he finds the small insects living beneath grass fighting each other for their mere survival. This leads him to a new light and he leaves the place, learning to cultivate in him a respect, even for the grass that he steps on. ''"Angaye vedanippikkathe enikk nadannu kudallo"'' (I won't be able to walk without hurting you)- this sentence that he speaks to the grass on which he steps shows the intensity of the knowledge he has acquired at this point.
Though enlightened by some pieces of knowledge, he's still troubled by the problems encircling him. It's in the middle of these difficulties that he's sent to Kolkata report the Bangladesh partition. Once there he revisits the places his father had taken him to as a child. Later we see him visiting these places again with his daughter, trying to transfer the knowledge he got from his father to his next generation. The specific transfer is supposed to occur at the time when they witness a flock of storks flying above, reminding Kunjunni of the enlightenment experience of Paramhamsa. He experiences something of the sort and this is transferred through him to his daughter too.

The war reporting, too, teaches him many lessons, the most prominent teacher being the Muslim father who decides to bury the Hindu girl who died holding hands with his son. The war and its violence seem to be the reflections of his own inner turmoil. The confusions he goes through and the fights that take place inside himself dies down as the war too comes to an end. But just like the war created the partition, the end of his problems too comes with a wound – the revelation by Shivani that Kalyani is not his daughter. Though the truth is painful at first, this is the factor that leads him to find his ''guru'' and attain his knowledge. He leaves his job and goes back home, giving away all his books but ''The Bhagavatam'', maybe due to the realization that all these knowledge gave him nothing at all.
In the last chapter we see Kunjunni finding his Guru in his daughter who was not his own. This makes him grow to the realisation that the whole world is a teacher, that each and everything, every person has a lesson to teach you. Thus his search for Guru ends in Kalyani yet it seems as if his search begins in her. The love that he had stored solely for her grows as big as the world, being transferred to the whole world.

==Inner Thoughts==
The novel, in its totality gives the message that we're all tied by the bondage of karma. Karma refers to actions. The teacher that begins in his forefathers ending in his daughter is on example for this. Also, Kalyani herself becomes an example, as her life's aim it seems had been enlightenment of Kunjunni. The way she's born from the wrong and yet she becomes the beacon for Kunjunni puzzles us to a certain degree. Another factor that shows the powerlessness of humans is the irony that Shivani's research was on blood cancer and her daughter died of the same disease. 

Yet another thought presented is the futility of war. Through the many stories of war - from Kunjunni's elder brother to Olga and the Polish news reporter Yanush - Vijayan illustrates that no war has ever produced good. What's left is always the tears and pain of the victims. The war between himself and Shivani also ends in destruction as the two go separate ways.

But, the underlying factor throughout is the message about the '''''sea of teachers''''' that lie before us. The message that if we open our eyes and look around, we can find numerous instances that teach us what we seek and numerous individuals who teach us what we need.

==Background==
According to Vijayan, this novel was greatly inspired by the teachings of Karunakaraguru of Sree Santhigiri Ashram near [[Thiruvananthapuram]]. Vijayan underwent a spiritual transformation after meeting the guru and this change also reflected in his writings, the best example being ''Gurusagaram''.<ref>{{cite book |title=Gurusagaram |author=O. V. Vijayan |author-link=O. V. Vijayan |publisher=[[DC Books]] |url=http://indulekha.com/malayalambooks/2006/12/gurusagaram.html |access-date=1 July 2013 |archive-date=9 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130609083623/http://indulekha.com/malayalambooks/2006/12/gurusagaram.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Awards==
* 1990: [[Sahitya Akademi Award|Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/awards.htm|title=Kendra Sahitya Academy Awards (Malayalam)|publisher=Public Relations Department, [[Government of Kerala]]|access-date=1 July 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524212356/http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/awards.htm|archive-date=24 May 2007}}</ref>
* 1990: [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]]<ref>[http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/ksa/Awards/Mal_Awards.htm "Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award"] (in Malayalam). [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]]. Retrieved 1 July 2013.</ref><ref>[http://kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3065&Itemid=2379 "Literary Awards"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618062155/http://kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3065&Itemid=2379 |date=2012-06-18 }}. [[Government of Kerala]]. Retrieved 1 July 2013.</ref>
* 1991: [[Vayalar Award]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Malayalam Literature |state=collapsed}}
{{Vayalar Awards}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Malayalam novels]]
[[Category:Novels set in Kerala]]
[[Category:Sahitya Akademi Award–winning works]]
[[Category:Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award–winning works]]
[[Category:Novels by O. V. Vijayan]]
[[Category:DC Books books]]
[[Category:1987 Indian novels]]

Japji Sahib

2026-01-12T18:53:49Z

Maleeha: enhance details for accuracy for clarity

{{short description|Sikh prayer}}{{Not to be confused with|Jaap Sahib}}{{italic title}}
{{Infobox poem
| name = Japji Sahib
| image = Folio of the Japji Sahib composition of the Kartarpur Bir.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Japji Sahib composition of the Kartarpur Bir written by Bhai Gurdas under the supervision of Guru Arjan, ca.1604
| subtitle =
| author = [[Guru Nanak]]
| original_title = ਜਪੁਜੀ ਸਾਹਿਬ or ਜਪੁ ਜੀ ਸਾਹਿਬ
| original_title_lang = Gurmukhi
| written = 16th century
| first = [[Adi Granth]], 1604
| language = Gurmukhi
| subject = Spirituality
| genre = Religion
| lines = 38 Stanzas
| angs = 1–8
| followed_by = So Dar Aasa (ਸੋ ਦਰੁ ਰਾਗੁ ਆਸਾ ਮਹਲਾ ੧)
| wikisource =
}}
{{Guru Granth Sahib sidebar}}
'''''Japji Sahib'''''
({{langx|pa|ਜਪੁਜੀ ਸਾਹਿਬ}}, pronunciation: {{IPA|pa|d͡ʒəpʊd͡ʒiː sɛː́b|}}) is the [[Sikh]] thesis, that appears at the beginning of the ''[[Guru Granth Sahib]]'' – the scripture of the [[Sikh]]s. ''Jap'' is the original name of the prayer and to show respect, it is called ''Jap[[-ji|ji]] [[Sahib]]''. It was composed by [[Guru Angad]], and is mostly the writings of [[Guru Nanak]]. It begins with ''[[Mool Mantra]]'' and then follow 38 ''paudis'' (stanzas) and completed with a final ''[[Salok]] by [[Guru Angad]]'' at the end of this composition.<ref name=singha110>HS Singha (2009), The Encyclopedia of Sikhism, Hemkunt Press, {{ISBN|978-8170103011}}, page 110</ref> The 38 stanzas are in different poetic meters.<ref name="SinghFenech2014p111"/>

''Japji Sahib'' is the first composition of Guru Nanak, and is considered the comprehensive essence of [[Sikhism]].<ref name=singha110/> Expansion and elaboration of ''Japji Sahib'' is the entire ''[[Guru Granth Sahib]]''. It is first Bani in [[Nitnem]]. Notable is Nanak's discourse on 'what is true worship' and what is the nature of God'.<ref name=deol11/><ref>B Singh and GP Singh (2007), Japji, Hemkunt Press, {{ISBN|81-7010-182-4}}, pages 17–42</ref> According to Christopher Shackle, it is designed for "individual meditative recitation" and as the first item of daily devotional prayer for the devout.<ref name="SinghFenech2014p111">{{cite book|author=Christopher Shackle|editor=Pashaura Singh and Louis Fenech|title=The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8I0NAwAAQBAJ |year=2014|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-969930-8|pages=111–112}}</ref> It is a chant found in the morning and evening prayers in Sikh gurdwaras.<ref name="ColeSambhi2016p123">{{cite book|author1=W.O. Cole|author2=Piara Singh Sambhi|title=Sikhism and Christianity: A Comparative Study|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G8KMCwAAQBAJ |year=2016|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-349-23049-5|page=123}}</ref> It is also chanted in the Sikh tradition at the Khalsa initiation ceremony and during the [[Antam Sanskar|cremation]] ceremony.<ref name=singha110/>

Related to ''Japji Sahib'' is the ''Jaap Sahib'' ({{langx|pa|ਜਾਪੁ ਸਾਹਿਬ}}), the latter is found at the start of [[Dasam Granth]] and was composed by [[Guru Gobind Singh]].<ref name=singha110/><ref name=asingh84/>

==Etymology==
'''''Japa''''' ([[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]]: जप) means the recitation of a mantra. The Sanskrit word ''japa'' is derived from the root ''jap-'', meaning "to utter in a low voice, repeat internally, mutter".<ref>{{Cite book|last=Teeuwen|first=Mark|title=Buddhism and Nativism: Framing Identity Discourse in Buddhist Environments|publisher=Brill|year=2013|isbn=9789004255685|pages=198, 216|quote=japa: Sanskrit for Vedic murmurings}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Apte|first=V.S.|title=The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary|year=1998|isbn=9788120815681|pages=447}}</ref>

Following are some accepted meanings of Jap:
* A conventional meaning for Jap(u) is ''to recite'', to repeat, or ''to chant''.<ref name="deol11">S Deol (1998), Japji: The Path of Devotional Meditation, {{ISBN|978-0-9661027-0-3}}, page 11</ref>
* Jap also means ''to understand''. Gurbani cites ''Aisa Giaan Japo Man Mere, Hovo Chakar Sache Kere'', where the word Jap means to understand wisdom.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nihang|first1=Dharam Singh|title=Naad Ved Vichar |language=Punjabi |location=India |page=20|quote=ਐਸਾ ਗਿਆਨੁ ਜਪਹੁ ਮਨ ਮੇਰੇ।। ਹੋਵਹੁ ਚਾਕਰ ਸਾਚੇ ਕੇਰੇ (ਪੰਨਾ ੭੨੮) }}</ref>

==Content==
[[File:Japji Sahib commentary manuscript 01.jpg|thumb|19th century commentary on the Japji Sahib]]
[[File:Mural of Guru Nanak presenting the Japji Sahib to Guru Angad with Bhai Bala to side with a fly-whisk, circa 19th century.jpg|thumb|Mural of Guru Nanak presenting and chanting the Japji Sahib in the presence of [[Guru Angad]] with [[Bhai Bala]] to side with a fly-whisk, circa 19th century. The [[Mul Mantar]] is inscribed to the left.]]
The Japji Sahib’s first stanza or pauri states that one cannot be cleaned or stay clean by repeatedly taking bath at holy sites as the thoughts are not clean, by silence alone one cannot find peace as the thoughts come one after another in our mind, by food and all material gains alone one cannot satisfy one's hunger, to be purified one must abide in love of the divine.<ref name=deol29/> Hymn 2 asserts that by God's command the ups and downs in life happen, it is He who causes suffering and happiness, it is He whose command brings release from rebirth, and it is His command by which one lives in perpetual cycles of rebirth from [[karma]].<ref name=deol29>S Deol (1998), Japji: The Path of Devotional Meditation, {{ISBN|978-0966102703}}, page 29-32</ref><ref name=dogra17/>

With good [[karma]]s in past life and his grace is the gate to ''mukti'' (liberation); in him is everything, states verse 4.<ref name=deol29/> The verse 5 states that He has endless virtues, so one must sing His name, listen, and keep the love for Him in one's heart.<ref name=deol29/><ref>B Singh and GP Singh (2007), Japji, Hemkunt Press, {{ISBN|81-7010-182-4}}, pages 26–29</ref> The Guru's ''shabda'' (word) is the protecting sound and wisdom of the [[Vedas]], the Guru is [[Shiva]], [[Vishnu]] (Gorakh) and [[Brahma]], and the Guru is mother [[Parvati]] and [[Lakshmi]].<ref>Pashaura Singh (2000), The Guru Granth Sahib: Canon, Meaning and Authority, Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|978-0-19-564894-2}}, pages 249–250</ref><ref name=deol33>S Deol (1998), Japji: The Path of Devotional Meditation, {{ISBN|978-0-9661027-0-3}}, pages 32–39</ref> All living beings abide in Him. Verse 6 to 15 describe the value of listening to the word and having faith, for it is the faith that liberates.<ref name=dogra17/> God is formless and indescribable, state verses 16 to 19.<ref name=deol33/> It is remembering His name that cleanses, liberates states Hymn 20. Hymns 21 through 27 revere the nature and name of God, stating that man's life is like a river that does not know the vastness of ocean it journeys to join, that all literature from Vedas to Puranas speak of Him, Brahma speaks, Siddhas speak, Yogi speaks, Shiva speaks, the silent sages speak, the Buddha speaks, the Krishna speaks, the humble Sewadars speak, yet one cannot describe Him completely with all the words in the world.<ref name=dogra17>Kamaljeet Singh Dogra (2006), Prayer at Dawn, Trafford, {{ISBN|978-1-4251-0237-1}}, pages 17–61</ref><ref name=deol38>S Deol (1998), Japji: The Path of Devotional Meditation, {{ISBN|978-0-9661027-0-3}}, pages 38–53</ref>

Verse 30 states that He watches all, but none can see Him. God is the primal one, the pure light, without beginning, without end, the never changing constant, states Hymn 31.<ref>Kamaljeet Singh Dogra (2006), Prayer at Dawn, Trafford, {{ISBN|978-1-4251-0237-1}}, pages 67–93</ref>

==Japji Sahib and Jaap Sahib==

The Guru Granth Sahib starts with ''Japji Sahib'', while [[Dasam Granth]] starts with [[Jaap Sahib]].<ref name=singha110/> Guru Nanak is credited with the former, while Guru Gobind Singh Ji is credited with the latter.<ref name=singha110/> ''Jaap Sahib'' is structured as a stotra that are commonly found in 1st millennium CE Hindu literature. The Jaap Sahib, unlike the Japji Sahib, is composed predominantly in Braj-Hindi and the Sanskrit language, with a few Arabic and Persian words, and with 199 stanzas making it longer than Japji Sahib.<ref name=singha110/> The Jaap Sahib is, like Japji Sahib, in praise of God as the unchanging, loving, unborn, ultimate power and includes within it 950 names of God,<ref name=singha110/> starting with Brahma, Shiva, Vishnu and moving on to over 900 names and [[avatar]]s of gods and goddesses found in Hindu traditions, with the assertion that these are all manifestations of the One, the limitless eternal creator.<ref name=asingh84/> This is similar to [[Sahasranama]] texts of India, and for this reason this part is also called as Akal Sahasranama.<ref name=asingh84>Amarjit Singh (1985), ''Concept of God in Jap Sahib'', Studies in Sikhism and Comparative Religion, Volume 4, pages 84-102</ref> The text includes Arabic and Persian words for God such as ''Allah'' and ''Khuda''. The Japu Sahib includes a mention of God as wielder of weapons, consistent with the martial spirit of Dasam Granth.<ref name=singha110/>

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Japji Sahib composition of Guru Nanak inscribed on a plate of the 'Charaina' (translates to “four mirrors”) body armour worn by Guru Gobind Singh in the battle of Bhangani, ca.1688.jpg|Japji Sahib composition of Guru Nanak inscribed on a plate of the '[[Mirror armour|Charaina]]' (translates to “four mirrors”) body armour worn by [[Guru Gobind Singh]] in the [[battle of Bhangani]], ca.1688
File:Guru Nanak with Japji Sahib inscribed all over.jpg|Artwork of Guru Nanak with Japji Sahib inscribed all over
</gallery>

== References ==
<references />

== External links ==
* [https://www.sikhnet.com/files/ereader/1%20-%20Japji%20%5BGurmukhi%5D.pdf Complete Japji Sahib] (PDF)
* [https://gurbanischool.com/japji-sahib-in-punjabi/ Japji Sahib Bani in Punjabi]
* [https://nitnemsahib.com/japji-sahib-in-hindi/ Japji Sahib Bani in Hindi]
* [https://nitnemsahib.com/japji-sahib-in-english/ Japji Sahib Bani in English]

{{Sikhism}}

[[Category:Adi Granth]]
[[Category:Sikh scripture]]
[[Category:Guru Nanak Dev]]

Katrenikona mandal

2026-01-10T23:03:20Z

Maleeha: new info

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Katrnikona Mandal
| settlement_type = [[Mandal]]
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema district]]
| subdivision_type3 = Population according to 2011 Census
| subdivision_name3 = 74,819
| subdivision_type4 = Number of Villages
| subdivision_name4 = 14
| subdivision_type5 = Area in Sq Km
| subdivision_name5 = 138.16
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-point = none
}}

'''Katrnikona Mandal''' is one of the 22 mandals in [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema district]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. As per census 2011, there are 14 villages in this Mandal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ap.gov.in/?page_id=212/east-godavari/|title=List of Mandals of East Godavari District, by Government of Andhra Pradesh|access-date=4 July 2020|archive-date=2 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702174418/https://www.ap.gov.in/?page_id=212/east-godavari/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
Katrnikona Mandal has total population of 74,819 as per the Census 2011 out of which 37,764 are males while 37,055 are females. The average Sex Ratio of Katrnikona Mandal is 981. The total literacy rate of Katrnikona Mandal is 68%.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eastgodavari.ap.gov.in/census/|title= According to the 2011 Census the population of Mandals Of East Godavari District, by Government of Andhra Pradesh}}</ref>

== Towns and villages ==

=== Villages ===
*1. [[Bantumilli, Konoaseema|Bantumilli]]
*2. Brahmasamedyam
*3. [[Cheyyeru]]
*4. Chirrayanam
*5. [[Dontikurru]]
*6. Geddanapalle
*7. [[Kandikuppa]]
*8. [[Katrenikona]]
*9. Kundaleswaram
*10. Lakshmiwada
*11. [[Nadavapalli|Nadavapalle]]
*12. [[Pallamkurru]]
*13. Penuwalla
*14. Uppudi
*15.Pallam <ref>{{cite web|url=http://apland.ap.nic.in/cclaweb/Districts_Alphabetical/EastGodavari.pdf|title= Villages in Mandals of East Godvari district|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150121141044/http://apland.ap.nic.in/cclaweb/Districts_Alphabetical/EastGodavari.pdf|archive-date= 21 January 2015}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[List of mandals in Andhra Pradesh]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema district}}

[[Category:Mandals in Konaseema district]]
[[Category:Mandals in Andhra Pradesh]]