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Ordinary Magic

2026-05-07T20:36:16Z

MHNNoella384131: done - done

{{Short description|1993 Canadian drama film starring Ryan Reynolds}}
{{Infobox film

| name = Ordinary Magic
| image =
| caption =

| director = [[Giles Walker]]
| producer = Paul Stephens
| writer = [[Jefferson Lewis]]

| based_on = {{Based on|''Ganesh''|[[Malcolm Bosse]]}}
| starring = {{ubl|[[Glenne Headly]]|[[David Fox (actor)|David Fox]]|[[Heath Lamberts]]|[[Paul Anka]]|[[Ryan Reynolds]]}}
| music = [[Mychael Danna]]

| cinematography = [[Paul Sarossy]]
| editing = Ralph Brunjes
| distributor = [[Cineplex Odeon Films]]

| released = {{Film date|1993|10|21|Canada}}
| runtime = 103 minutes

| country = Canada
| language = English
| budget =
}}

'''''Ordinary Magic''''' is a 1993 Canadian drama [[film]] directed by [[Giles Walker]] and produced by Paul Stephens.<ref name="Variety">{{cite news |last1=Lenti |first1=Paul |title=Ordinary Magic |url=https://variety.com |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=November 28, 1993 |access-date=February 22, 2026}}</ref> It is based on the 1981 novel ''Ganesh'' by [[Malcolm Bosse]].<ref name="Kirkus">{{Cite web|url=https://kirkusreviews.com|title=GANESH by Malcolm J. Bosse |website=[[Kirkus Reviews]]|date=April 1, 1981}}</ref> The film is notable for being the feature film debut of actor [[Ryan Reynolds]].<ref name="DailyMirror">{{cite news |title=Hikkaduwa is my favourite movie shooting location: Actor Ryan Reynolds |url=https://dailymirror.lk |work=[[Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka)|Daily Mirror]] |date=March 5, 2023}}</ref>

==Plot==

Raised in India, fifteen-year-old Ganesh ([[Ryan Reynolds]]) moves to [[Paris, Ontario]] after his father's death.<ref name="GlobeMail">''[[The Globe and Mail]]'', Nov 8, 1993.</ref> Facing culture shock, he uses [[Satyagraha]] (non-violent resistance) to help his aunt ([[Glenne Headly]]) stage a hunger strike against a land developer.<ref name="CanFilm">''The Canadian Film Encyclopedia'', TIFF, 2003, p. 312.</ref>

==Cast==
The film features a mix of Canadian and international actors (alongside Sri Lankan actors for the India-set sequences):
* [[Ryan Reynolds]] as Jeffrey "Ganesh" Moore
* [[Glenne Headly]] as Charlotte Moore Strepski
* [[Paul Anka]] as Joey Dean<ref name="Anka">{{cite book |last=Anka |first=Paul |title=My Way: An Autobiography |publisher=St. Martin's Press |year=2013 |isbn=978-0312381042}}</ref>
* [[David Fox (actor)|David Fox]] as Warren Moore
* [[Heath Lamberts]] as Mayor Walton
* [[Denawaka Hamine]] as Vani<ref name="SLFilm">{{cite web |title=Denawaka Hamine: The grand old lady of Sri Lankan cinema |url=http://nfc.gov.lk |website=National Film Corporation of Sri Lanka |access-date=February 22, 2026}}</ref>
* [[Henry Jayasena]] as the Priest<ref name="Jayasena">{{cite news |title=The versatile Henry Jayasena |url=https://sundaytimes.lk |work=The Sunday Times |date=November 15, 2009}}</ref>

==Filming locations==
The production was filmed in two main locations:
* [[Canada]]: Scenes in the town of "Paris" were filmed on location in [[Paris, Ontario]].<ref name="Gazette">Bill Brownstein, "Filming magic on a shoestring". ''[[Montreal Gazette]]'', January 15, 1994.</ref> The town's historic architecture and the Grand River served as the backdrop for the protest sequences.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rybak |first=Stephanie |title=Hometown Pride: Paris, Ontario's role in Ordinary Magic |newspaper=The Paris Star |date=1992-10-22 |page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Filmed in Brant: Ordinary Magic (1993) |url=https://brant.ca |website=County of Brant Official Website |access-date=2024-05-22}}</ref>

* [[Sri Lanka]]: The [[India|India sequences]] were filmed in the [[Hikkaduwa]] region of Sri Lanka.<ref name="IMDbLocations">{{cite web |title=Ordinary Magic (1993) - Filming Locations |url=https://imdb.com |website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> (in 2023, Ryan Reynolds stated that [[Hikkaduwa]] remains his "favourite movie shooting location of all time."<ref name="IslandLK">{{cite news |title=Ryan Reynolds recalls filming in Sri Lanka |url=https://island.lk |work=The Island |date=March 6, 2023}}</ref><ref name="MorningLK">{{cite news |title=Ryan's Sri Lanka memory |url=https://themorning.lk |work=The Morning |date=March 12, 2023}}</ref>)

== Music ==
The film's score was composed by [[Mychael Danna]], who utilized Indian classical instruments to reflect the protagonist's background.<ref name="Danna">{{cite web |title=Mychael Danna: Ordinary Magic Score |url=https://mychaeldanna.com |website=MychaelDanna.com |access-date=February 22, 2026}}</ref> Danna later won an [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]] for his work on ''[[Life of Pi (film)|Life of Pi]]'', another film with significant [[India|Indian themes]].<ref name="Oscars">{{cite web |title=Academy Awards Database: Mychael Danna |url=https://oscars.org |website=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}}</ref>

==Awards==
* [[Brussels International Film Festival (1974–2016)|Brussels International Film Festival]]: Winner of the [[Audience award|Audience Award]] (1994).<ref name="BFF">{{cite web |title=Brussels International Film Festival: 1994 Awards |url=https://filmfestival.be |website=BIFF}}</ref>
* [[Genie Awards]]: Nominated for [[Canadian Screen Award for Best Screenplay|Best Adapted Screenplay]] ([[Jefferson Lewis]]).<ref name="Genie">{{cite news |url=http://playbackonline.ca |title=The 1994 Genie nominees |date=November 7, 1994 |work=[[Playback (magazine)|Playback]] |access-date=June 1, 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=0107755|title=Ordinary Magic}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes|ordinary_magic|Ordinary Magic}}

[[Category:1993 films]]
[[Category:Canadian drama films]]
[[Category:Films based on American novels]]
[[Category:Films set in Ontario]]
[[Category:Films set in India]]
[[Category:Films shot in Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:Films shot in Ontario]]
[[Category:Films directed by Giles Walker]]
[[Category:Films scored by Mychael Danna]]

Gharwali Pedwali

2026-05-02T16:49:30Z

MHNNoella384131: Put Up A Bio

{{short description|Indian television supernatural series}}
{{Cleanup|reason=Does not fit TV articles' standards|date=January 2026}}
{{Infobox television
| image =
| caption =
| genre = [[Sitcom]] [[Supernatural]]
| creator = {{Plainlist|
* Nissar Parvez
* Alind Srivastava
* Rahul Jindal
}}
| based_on =
| screenplay = Nitin Keswani
| story = Prakriti Mukherjee, Nitin Keswani
| writer = ''Dialogue'': Rishabh Sharma
| director = {{Plainlist|
* Jaackson Sethi
* Ashish Khurana
}}
| creative_director =
| starring =
{{Plainlist|
* [[Paras Arora]]
* Seerat Kapoor
* [[Priyamvada Kant]]
* Sapna Thakur
* Brij Bhushan Shukla
* [[Ankit Mohan]]
}}
| theme_music_composer =
| opentheme =
| endtheme =
| composer =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 100
| executive_producer =
| producer = {{Plainlist|
* Nissar Parvez
* Alind Srivastava
* Piyush Dinesh Gupta
* Rahul Jindal<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/entertainment/tv-gharwali-pedwali-show-sets-success-record-on-tv-created-by-rahul-jindal-ws-kl-10110451.html|title=Gharwali Pedwali show sets success record on TV created by Rahul Jindal|author=[[News18 Hindi]]|work=www.news18.com}}</ref>
}}
| cinematography = {{Plainlist|
*Raj Kumar Turkar
*Kunal V. Kadam
}}
| editor = Ganga Kacharla
| camera = Multi-camera
| runtime = 20–25 minutes
| company = [[Peninsula Pictures]]
| network = {{Plainlist|
* [[&TV]]
* [[ZEE5]]
}}
| first_aired = {{Start date|2025|12|5|df=y}}
| last_aired = present
}}

'''''Gharwali Pedwali''''' is an Indian television series produced by [[Peninsula Pictures]] that aired on 5 December 2025 on [[&TV]] and [[ZEE5]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=|date=16 December 2025|title=& ટીવીના નવા શો ઘરવાલી પેડવાલીના લૉન્ચ પહેલાં કાઢવામાં આવી અનોખી બારાત
|url=https://www.gujaratimidday.com/entertainment-news/television-news/article/and-tv-s-gharwali-pedwali-promoted-with-grand-baraat-across-mumbai-ahead-of-launch-259226|access-date=25 December 2025|work=[[Mid-Day|Gujarati Mid-Day]]|language=gu}}</ref> It stars [[Paras Arora]], Seerat Kapoor, and [[Priyamvada Kant]].

== Plot ==
Jeetu is raised by two sets of parents. He has everything doubled in his life, including two mothers, two fathers, and two bosses. Now, destiny gives him two wives. Jeetu wants a simple, devoted wife, but just before his marriage, an astrologer tells him for a symbolic marriage with a tree that turned into a spirit named Latika, who believes that she is Jeetu’s real wife. Now, Jeetu is caught between his actual wife, Savi, and Latika. What will he do now?

== Cast ==
* [[Paras Arora]] as Jeetu Pandey
* Seerat Kapoor as Savi
* [[Priyamvada Kant]] as Latika

=== Recurring ===
* Geeta Bisht as Geeta Pandey
* [[Richa Soni]] / Sapna Thakur as Reeta Pandey
* Harsh Vashisht as Ramesh Pandey
* Brij Bhushan Shukla as Suresh Pandey
* [[Ankit Mohan]] as Yaksha
* Babloo Mukherjee as Dadaji
* Prreity Sahay Dubey as Ritika
* Amitabh Ghanekar as Panauti
* Priyamvada Singh as Savitri
* [[Sudeep Sarangi]] as Tillumal
* Vinayak Singh as Lattu
* Lota Tiwari as Pappi
* Ankur Jain as Vinod Dwivedi
* Brij Bhushan Shukla as Suresh
* [[Neetha Shetty]] as Sheena

== Production ==
=== Development ===
In July 2025, [[&TV]] announced a new series titled ''Gharwali Pedwali''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=18 July 2025|title=&TV announces new family comedy ‘Gharwali Pedwali’|url=https://www.indianbroadcastingworld.com/tv-family-comedy-gharwali-pedwali/|access-date=25 December 2025|work=Indian Broadcasting World|language=en}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
Paras Arora was confirmed to play Jeetu Pandey.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=4 November 2025|title=Many TV actors are sitting at home because they don’t want to compromise on pay: Paras Arora
|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/many-tv-actors-are-sitting-at-home-because-they-dont-want-to-compromise-on-pay-paras-arora/articleshow/123638142.html|access-date=25 December 2025|work=Mumbai Mirror|language=en}}</ref> Neeharika Roy was first approached for Savi but was replaced by Seerat Kapoor.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maheshwari|first=Neha|date=4 November 2025|title=Seerat Kapoor replaces Neeharika Roy in supernatural comedy Gharwali Pedwali
|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/seerat-kapoor-replaces-neeharika-roy-in-supernatural-comedy-gharwali-pedwali/articleshow/125086893.cms|access-date=25 December 2025|work=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref> [[Priyamvada Kant]] was selected to play Latika.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=30 July 2025|title=‘Gharwali Pedwali’ में चुड़ैल बनीं Priyamvada Kant , बोलीं— यह किरदार सबसे अलग है
|url=https://mayapuri.com/interviews/priyamvada-kant-plays-a-witch-in-gharwali-pedwali-and-she-says-this-character-is-unlike-any-other-10911875|access-date=25 December 2025|work=Mayapuri|language=hi}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:2025 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Indian supernatural television series]]
[[Category:Indian television soap operas]]
[[Category:&TV original programming]]
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]

Gamma I, Greater Noida

2026-04-24T05:47:41Z

MHNNoella384131: Put Up A Info

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gamma 1
| population_demonym =
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_footnotes =
| governing_body = [[Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority]]
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 201308
| registration_plate =
| website =
| unit_pref = Metric
| government_type =
| native_name =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Locality
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| named_for =
| coordinates = {{coord|28|29|6|N|77|30|1|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Gautam Buddha Nagar district|Gautam Buddha Nagar]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Gamma I''' or '''Gamma 1''' is a commercial-cum residential locality in western [[Greater Noida]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Meenakshi Sinha|date=Jun 21, 2021|title=2.3mm rain leaves Greater Noida streets waterlogged {{!}} Noida News – Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/2-3mm-rain-leaves-greater-noida-streets-waterlogged/articleshow/83700948.cms|access-date=2022-02-14|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref name="indiatimes">{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/gnida-divides-city-into-5-zones-for-waste-collection/articleshow/88111427.cms|title=GNIDA divides Greater Noida into 5 zones for waste collection | Noida News|website=The Times of India|date=2021-12-06|author=Meenakshi Sinha|access-date=2022-02-14}}</ref> Bordered by [[Gamma II, Greater Noida|Gamma II]] to the east, Beta I to the south and [[Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida|Knowledge Park III]] and [[Knowledge Park I, Greater Noida|Knowledge Park I]] to the west, it is considered one of the affluent neighborhoods in the city and is also known for serving the [[Jagat Farm market]] and Kadamba Shopping Complex.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Meenakshi Sinha|date=Sep 7, 2021|title=Shops, office space, kiosks up for grabs in Gr Noida {{!}} Noida News – Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/shops-office-space-kiosks-up-for-grabs-in-gr-noida/articleshow/85993269.cms|access-date=2022-02-14|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Greater Noida Authority invites bids for ready to move shops, kiosks|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/infrastructure/greater-noida-authority-invites-bids-for-ready-to-move-shops-kiosks/articleshow/85985746.cms|access-date=2022-02-14}}</ref>

== Landmarks ==
* [[Jagat Farm market]]
* Kadamba Shopping Complex
* Shram Vihar Park<ref>{{Cite web|last=Reporter|first=Community|title=GreNo West: First open gym inaugurated at Techzone 4|url=https://www.cityspidey.com/news/15807/greno-west-first-open-gym-inaugurated-at-techzone-4|access-date=2022-02-14|website=www.cityspidey.com|language=en-GB}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Gautam Buddha Nagar district]]

{{GautamBuddhNagar-geo-stub}}

Early agricultural communities in Bengal

2026-04-21T11:37:44Z

MHNNoella384131: Put Up Post

'''Early Agricultural Communities in Bengal''' were a group of [[Chalcolithic]] farmers, who first developed agriculture in Bengal. No archaeological evidence of large-scale agriculture in Bengal during the [[Neolithic]] period preceding the Chalcolithic or Copper Age.<ref name="banglapedia">{{cite web |title=Agricultural Communities, Early Period - Banglapedia |url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Agricultural_Communities,_Early_Period |website=en.banglapedia.org}}</ref>

Early agricultural communities are not found in the whole region of Bengal ([[West Bengal]] and [[Bangladesh]]), they are found only in the south-western part of Bengal (West Bengal).<ref name="banglapedia"/>

==Overview==
Early agricultural communities were settled in the vast plain from the foothills of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]] to the [[Bhāgirathi-Hooghly|Bhagirathi-Hooghly]] river. Evidence of paddy (rice) cultivation has been found in this region. As one moves eastward from the foothills of the plateau, there is evidence of more involvement of the communities in agriculture. The first agricultural communities of Bengal developed around 1500 BC<ref>{{cite web |title=Ancient site and remains of Pandu-Raja Dhibi |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Ancient_site_and_remains_of_King_Pandu%27s_Mound_at_Panduk_in_Purba_Bardhaman_district_03.jpg |website=commons.wikimedia.org |access-date=26 September 2023}}</ref> in this region mainly along the [[Mayurakshi River|Mayurakshi]], [[Ajay River|Ajay]], [[Damodar River|Damodar]], [[Kangsabati River|Kangsabati]] and [[Rupnarayan River|Rupnarayan]] rivers. Initially, they were confined to the area of the ''Lalgarh Formation'', but later moved east and southeast.<ref name="banglapedia"/>

==Settlement==
Bengal's Early agricultural communities were found in the area bounded by the [[Ganges]] in the north, the [[Subarnarekha River|Subarnarekha]] River and the [[Bay of Bengal]] in the south, and the Bhagirathi-Hooghly River in the east and the foothills of the Chotanagpur Plateau in the west. Most of their settlements are observed in [[Ajay River|Ajay]] and [[Damodar River|Damodar]] valleys. The settlement area can be divided into three parts according to topography and settlement age, namely - red soil area, old alluvial area and new alluvial area.<ref name="banglapedia"/>

===Red soil region===
Early agricultural communities first settled in this region. The main settlements here are Bharatpur, Mahishadal, [[Dihar archaeological site|Dihar]], Haripur and Tulsipur. [[Rice|Rice grains]] have been identified with the domesticated species ''[[Oryza sativa]]'', which indicates early agricultural communities were involved in rice cultivation. Archaeological finds from the settlements prove that hunting was one of the main means of livelihood of the agricultural communities of this region, along with agriculture. Apart from agriculture, animal husbandry was one of the mainstays of their livelihood.<ref name="banglapedia"/>

The region's economy remained largely unchanged throughout its thousand-year history. The main reason for the stagnation of the economy is probably the low fertility of the soil, and with it the low rainfall. As a result, the agricultural and hunter-gatherer civilizations developed by the early agricultural communities were able to produce the necessary resources for themselves, but it failed to build up sufficient resources for later stages of development and growth. So naturally the agrarian settlements in this region disappeared immediately before or after the historic period.<ref name="banglapedia"/>

===Old alluvial area===
[[File:Ancient site and remains of King Pandu's Mound at Panduk in Purba Bardhaman district 04.jpg|260px|thumb|right|Pandu Rajar ''Dhibi'' (mound); iron [[sickle]]s used by the Bengal's early agricultural communities have been found here.]]
The soil of this region was very fertile for rice cultivation and the rainfall was fairly good. The agricultural Communities of this area were more focused on agriculture than animal husbandry.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sanyal |first1=Rajat |last2=Chattopadhyay |first2=R.K. |last3=Bandyopadhyay |first3=Kumkum |title=Early Village Farming Settlements of Eastern India: A Fresh Appraisal |page=78 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rajat-Sanyal/publication/344805658_Early_Village_Farming_Settlements_of_Eastern_India_A_Fresh_Appraisal/links/5f91412f458515b7cf9386cb/Early-Village-Farming-Settlements-of-Eastern-India-A-Fresh-Appraisal.pdf}}</ref> The residents were engaged in two different occupations. On the one hand their agrarian environment had developed an agricultural livelihood, which on the other hand their semi-urban environment forced them to cater to urban needs.

The archaeological sites excavated in the region are [[Pandu Rajar Dhibi|Pandu Rajar ''Dhibi'']] (mound), [[Mongalkote archaeological site|Mangalkot]], Baneshwardanga and Pokharna. Iron [[sickle]]s from [[Pandu Rajar Dhibi|Pandu Rajar ''Dhibi'']] (mound) and [[axe]]s and [[adze]] discovered from [[Mongalkote archaeological site|Mangalkot]] provide evidence of agriculture and [[Agricultural economics|agricultural economy]]. The objects excavated from this area such as [[vase]]s, large drinking vessels, small stone beads, ivory combs, [[locket]]s, beads, [[Earring|ear-rings]], surma sticks etc. clearly indicate the civil life.<ref name="citeseerx1">{{cite web |author1=Asok Datta |title=Subsistence Strategies of The Chalcolithic People of West Bengal: an appraisal. |url=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=17da17ad940eaa2207328298fa0b47003b748ff2 |website=www.citeseerx.ist.psu.edu |publisher=Department of Archaeology, University of Calcutta |access-date=26 September 2023 |location=Kolkata}}</ref>

===New alluvial area===
This area is part of the plain [[Ganges Delta|delta region]] of Lower Bengal. The soil here was fairly viable for a stable agricultural economy. The settlements were mainly built on the banks of Bhagirathi and [[Rupnarayan River|Rupnarayan]] rivers. The main settlement in this region is [[Tamralipta]].<ref name=":2">{{cite book |author=Dilip K. Chakrabarti |title=Archaeological Geography of the Ganga Plain: The Lower and the Middle Ganga |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OEZe-wAIiKIC&pg=PA125 |year=2001 |publisher=Orient Blackswan |isbn=978-81-7824-016-9 |page=125 }}</ref>

A [[Chalcolithic]] (Copper Age) farming culture site has been discovered by [[University of Calcutta]]'s Department of Archaeology at [[Erenda]] in coastal [[West Bengal]], which was developed by Bengal's early agricultural communities.<ref name="Pratna-Samiksha">{{cite journal |last1=Gangopadhyay |first1=Kaushik |last2=Halder |first2=Bidhan |last3=Chowdhury |first3=Saptarshi |editor1-last=Chakraborty |editor1-first=Sharmi |title=Chalcolithic Pottery from Erenda (West Bengal): A Preliminary Assessment |journal=Pratna Samiksha |date=2017 |volume=8 |page=132 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343917381_Chalcolithic_Pottery_from_Erenda_West_Bengal |access-date=26 September 2023 |publisher=Centre for Archaeological Studies & Training, Eastern India, Kolkata |location=Kolkata |language=en |issn=2229-7979}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|3}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin|20em}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Datta |first1=Asok |date=1988 |title=Chalcolithic Culture in West-Bengal - A study on Settlement And Transition |url= |journal= Historical Archaeology of India|location= New Delhi |volume= |issue= |page= |doi= |bibcode= }}
* {{cite journal |last1= |first1= |date=1995 |title=Black and Red ware Culture in West-Bengal |url= |journal= Journal of Bengal Art|volume=4 |issue= |page= |doi= |bibcode= }}
* {{cite journal |last1= |first1= |date=1998 |title=Bengal and South-East Asia - Early Trade and Cultural Contacts |url= |journal= Journal of Bengal Art |volume= |issue= |page= |doi= |bibcode= }}
* {{cite journal |last1= Ray |first1=Amita |date=1991 |title=Chalcolithic Culture in West-Bengal |url= |journal= Studies in Archaeology|location= New Delhi|editor=Asok Datta |volume= |issue= |page= |doi= |bibcode= }}
{{Refend}}

[[Category:Ancient Bengal]]

Md Zabir Ansari

2026-04-20T21:41:10Z

MHNNoella384131: made new info...

{{Short description|Indian karate player (born 1997)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}

{{Infobox sportsperson
| name = Md Zabir Ansari
| image = Md Zabir Ansari Karate.jpg
| headercolor = Green
| full_name = Mohammad Zabir Ansari
| nationality =
| national_team = [[Karate India Organisation]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1997|February|1}}
| birth_place = Tumba Pahad, [[Jamui district]], Bihar
| education = Bachelor of Arts
| alma_mater = [[Patna University]]
| years_active = 2016-present
| weight_kg = 75
| country = India
| sport = [[Karate]]
| rank = 545 by [[World Karate Federation]]
}}
'''Md Zabir Ansari''' (born 1 February 1997; {{Langx|hi|मोहम्मद ज़ाबिर अंसारी}}) is an Indian Karate player.<ref>{{Cite news |title=साउथ एशियन कराटे में जाबिर ने जीता सिल्वर |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/bih-pat-hmu-mat-latest-patna-news-030003-3139990-nor.html/ |work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]]}}</ref> He represents India in various Karate tournaments, across the globe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=अंतराष्ट्रीय कराटे प्रतियोगिता में शामिल होने नेपाल जा रहे झाझा के जाबीर |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/jamui/story-jhajha-39-s-jabir-is-going-to-nepal-to-participate-in-the-international-karate-competition-10083452.html |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=Hindustan |language=hi}}</ref> He secured a Gold in the National Karate Championship held at [[Kurukshetra University]] in 2025.<ref name=":1" /> He also won a bronze medal in 2022 and a gold medal in 2023 in the National Karate Competition organized by the [[Association of Indian Universities]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=उपलब्धि:कराटे खिलाड़ी जाबिर अंसारी को मिला महात्मा बुद्ध अवार्ड, लोगों ने दी बधाई |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/jamui/jhajha/news/karate-player-jabir-ansari-received-mahatma-buddha-award-people-congratulated-130672856.html |work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Experts |first=EduGorilla Prep |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KXzcEAAAQBAJ&dq=%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0+%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87&pg=PA113 |title=BSSC Stenographer/Instructor (Hindi Edition) Exam Book 2023 - Bihar Staff Selection Commission {{!}} 10 Full Practice Tests |date=2023-10-10 |publisher=EduGorilla Community Pvt. Ltd. |isbn=978-93-5556-969-1 |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=2023-07-05 |title=China Asian Games Trial: बिहार का जाबिर लाएगा देश के लिए मेडल! ट्रेनिंग टीम में हुआ चयन |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hindi/bihar/state/jamui/jamui-player-jabir-ansari-selected-for-china-asian-games-trial/bh20230705110857923923526 |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=2022-03-03 |title=Karate Champion Jaber Ansari: کراٹے چیمپئن جابر انصاری بین الاقوامی مقابلوں میں شرکت کے لیے پُرعزم |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/urdu/national/state/bihar/karate-champion-jaber-ansari-is-determined-to-participate-in-the-international-competition/na20220303140200651 |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=ur}}</ref>

== Early life and background ==
Zabir was born into a [[Ansari (nesba)|Ansari]] family of Mohammad Imtiyaz Ansari, a government schoolteacher and Fahima Khatoon, a [[Beedi]] maker at Tumba Pahad village of [[Jhajha]] in [[Jamui district]], Bihar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-25 |title=कभी चीन जाने के लिए नहीं थे पैसे, आज जीत गए ऑल इंडिया इंटर यूनिवर्सिटी कराटे टूर्नामेंट, ये है सपना |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/hindi/sports-news/won-gold-medal-in-all-india-inter-university-karate-tournament-never-had-money-to-go-to-china-591231.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=IndiaTimes |language=hi-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hashmi |first=Malik Asghar |title=जाबिर अंसारी से कराटे में देशज पसमांदा समाज का नाम रोशन करने की उम्मीद |url=https://www.hindi.awazthevoice.in/sports-news/jabir-ansari-is-expected-to-bring-laurels-to-the-indigenous-pasmanda-society-in-karate-32182.html |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=www.hindi.awazthevoice.in |language=hi}}</ref>

He completed his graduation in [[Bachelor of Arts]] ([[Urdu]]) from [[Patna University]] and pursuing Master of Arts (Urdu) from Patna University.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Mohammad Zabir Bags Gold In International Karate Championship 2024 |url=https://www.newsx.com/sports/mohammad-zabir-bags-gold-in-international-karate-championship-2024/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=Newsx |language=en |archive-date=18 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618092059/https://www.newsx.com/sports/mohammad-zabir-bags-gold-in-international-karate-championship-2024/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Career==
Ansari was selected as the coach for the students of [[Patna University]] in the North East Zone Inter-University Karate Championship held at [[Chandigarh University]] in December 2024.<ref>{{Cite news |title=कराटे में अनुराग पासवान का चयन |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/patna/news/anurag-paswan-selected-in-karate-134105800.html?_branch_match_id=1394947596477907771&utm_campaign=134105800&utm_medium=sharing&_branch_referrer=H4sIAAAAAAAAA8soKSkottLXT0nMzMvM1kvKSCzOTizSS87P1a9wDQ5yLPAoSAtIsq8rSk1LLSrKzEuPTyrKLy9OLbJ1zijKz00FAAfM%2FaFAAAAA |work=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref> Anurag Paswan, a student from Ansari's private classes, won a medal in the tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-28 |title=Patna university : इंटर यूनिवर्सिटी कराटे प्रतियोगिता के लिए टीम चंडीगढ़ हुई रवाना |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/patna/patna-university-team-leaves-for-karate-competition |access-date=2025-01-09 |website=Prabhat Khabar |language=hi}}</ref>

In February 2025, Ansari launched a free admission campaign for female karate practitioners across Bihar at the Institute of Dynamic Martial Arts, a Karate Training centre he runs.<ref>{{Cite news |title=जमुई: अंतरराष्ट्रीय कराटे खिलाड़ी जाबिर बिहार की महिलाओं को आत्मरक्षा और आत्मनिर्भरता के प्रति करेंगे जागरूक |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/bhagalpur/story-karate-champion-jabir-aims-to-empower-women-in-bihar-with-self-defense-training-201738756264738.html |work=Hindustan}}</ref>

In August 2025, Ansari made a debut in acting with a role in Rangdar Ahir album with Tiger Yadav, a YouTuber from Bihar. Ansari also played a role as an Action Director.<ref>{{Cite news |title=जमुई के कराटे चैंपियन जाबिर अंसारी ने किया फिल्मी डेब्यू:रंगदार अहीर एल्बम में दिखाया एक्शन और अभिनय का जलवा, कहा-अब लोगों को करुंगा इंटरटेन |trans-title=Jamui's karate champion Jabir Ansari made his film debut: Showed off his action and acting skills in the album Rangdar Ahir, said – now I will entertain people. |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/jamui/news/jamuis-karate-champion-jabir-ansari-made-his-film-debut-135669698.html |work=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref>

== Achievements ==
He clinched the silver medal at the South Asia Karate Championship in Sri Lanka back in 2017. He showcased his skills at the Open Karate Championship in Thailand in 2018. He has actively taken part in numerous national and international karate tournaments.<ref>{{Cite web |title=पटना विश्वविद्यालय के छात्र जाबिर अंसारी ने अखिल भारतीय कराटे स्पर्धा में जीता स्वर्ण |url=https://www.drishtiias.com/hindi/state-pcs-current-affairs/patna-university-student-jabir-ansari-wins-gold-in-all-india-karate-competition |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=Drishti IAS |language=en}}</ref> [[Government of Bihar|Bihar government]] has recognized his talent by bestowing him with sports accolades in 2018, 2021, 2022 and 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-23 |title=मार्शल आर्ट खिलाड़ी जाबिर ने गोल्ड जीत रचा इतिहास, पटना यूनिवर्सिटी के लिए यह पहला मौका |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/bihar/jamui-jamuis-jabir-ansari-won-gold-for-patna-university-in-karates-inter-university-karate-championship-5264111.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=News18 हिंदी |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=2022-03-19 |title=जमुई के जाबिर अंसारी ने कुरुक्षेत्र में दिखाया जलवा, कराटे चैंपियनशिप में जीता कांस्य पदक |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/bihar/jamui-zabir-ansari-won-bronze-medal-in-all-india-inter-university-karate-championship-nodvm-4078403.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=News18 हिंदी |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Karate champion Zabir Ansari aims to be the best in the world |url=https://www.awazthevoice.in/youth-news/karate-champion-zabir-ansari-aims-to-be-the-best-in-the-world-20059.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=awazthevoice.in |language=en}}</ref>

He has achieved first place in the State Level Karate Championship for six consecutive years, in addition to earning silver and bronze medals in 2017 and 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-01-22 |title=Patna university boy bags gold in national karate competition |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/patna-university-boy-bags-gold-in-national-karate-competition/articleshow/97216744.cms |access-date=2024-03-31 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> In the previous year, He placed third in the All India Inter University Karate Championship. He secured fourth place in the [[Khelo India]] University Games 2022.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=बिहार स्टेट कराटे चैंपियनशिप 2023 पुन: हुआ जाबिर अंसारी के नाम |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/bhagalpur/story-bihar-state-karate-championship-2023-again-named-after-jabir-ansari-7606962.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=Hindustan |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=झाझा के जाबिर अंसारी ने नेशनल कराटे में जीता गोल्ड |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/jamui/story-jhajha-39-s-jabir-ansari-won-gold-in-national-karate-7532984.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=Hindustan |language=hi}}</ref>

In June 2024, Ansari secured a gold medal at the International Karate Championship held in Kakarvitta Meshinagar Jhapa, Nepal. He was honored by Gopal Tamang, a local politician.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-01 |title=PU: Jabir Ansari won gold medal |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/patna/pu-jabir-ansari-won-gold-medal |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=Prabhat Khabar |language=hi}}</ref>

In August 2025, Ansari clinched the National-level gold medal at the Karate Championship 2025 held at Kurukshetra University, Haryana.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |title=जमुई के जाबिर अंसारी ने राष्ट्रीय कराटे में दिखाया दम:कुरुक्षेत्र विश्वविद्यालय में 25 राज्यों के बीच स्वर्ण पदक जीता |trans-title=Jamui's Jabir Ansari showed his strength in the National Karate: Won the gold medal among 25 states at Kurukshetra University. |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/jamui/news/jamuis-jabir-ansari-showed-his-strength-in-national-karate-135780264.html |work=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref>

Zabir has also played in the championship in China in 2018, Turkey in 2019 and Egypt in 2022.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-07 |title=अंतरराष्ट्रीय कराटे में भाग लेने आज मिस्र रवाना होंगे जाबीर |trans-title=Zabir to Depart for Egypt Today to Participate in International Karate Tournament |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/khagaria/story-jabir-will-leave-for-egypt-today-to-participate-in-international-karate-6602092.amp.html |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=www.livehindustan.com |language=hi}}</ref>

== Awards and Honours ==

* Champaran Satyagraha Award 2017<ref name="auto"/>
* Rashtriya Khel Ratna Samman 2018 by Government of Bihar
* Rashtriya Khel Ratna Samman 2021 by Government of Bihar<ref>{{Cite web |title=कोच पंकज कांबली ने जताया विश्वास तो जाबिर अंसारी ने भी लगा दिया पदकों का अंबार |url=https://www.hindi.awazthevoice.in/youth-news/coach-pankaj-kambli-expressed-confidence-then-jabir-ansari-also-put-up-a-pile-of-medals-6700.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=hindi.awazthevoice.in |language=hi}}</ref>
* Rashtriya Khel Ratna Samman 2022 by Government of Bihar<ref name="auto1"/>
* [[Mahatma Gandhi]] Award 2022<ref>{{Cite web |last=Imam |first=Akbar |date=2023-02-05 |title=राष्ट्रीय कराटे चैंपियन जाबिर अंसारी बिहार के गौरव को उनकी निरंतर सफलता पर गणमान्य लोगों के बधाइयों का ताँता |url=https://www.hindustannews18.com/national-karate-champion-jabir-ansari-congratulates-the-pride-of-bihar-on-his-continued-success/ |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=Hindustan News18 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Mahatma Buddha Award 2022<ref>{{Cite book |last=GROUP |first=SSGCP |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ATnOEAAAQBAJ&dq=%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0+%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87+%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0&pg=PA128 |title=Bihar Core Facts 2023-24 (2328-N) |date=2023-07-31 |publisher=Sam Samyik Ghatna Chakra |language=en}}</ref>
* Bihar Social Pride Award 2022
* Rashtriya Khel Ratna Samman 2023 by Government of Bihar
* Shah Azimabad Khel Ratna 2023
* Bihar Pratibha Samman 2024<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=2024-06-10 |title=जमुई के जाबीर को मिला बिहार प्रतिभा सम्मान, 6 देशों को हराकर भारत के लिए जीता गोल्ड - Karate Player Jabir |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hi/!state/jabir-of-jamui-received-bihar-pratibha-samman-award-won-gold-for-india-in-karate-championship-brs24061003163 |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=hi}}</ref>
* Bihar Vaibhav Samman 2024.<ref>{{Cite news |title=जमुई: अंतरराष्ट्रीय कराटे खिलाड़ी मो जाबिर अंसारी |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/bhagalpur/story-international-karate-player-mo-jabir-ansari-to-be-honored-with-bihar-vaibhav-samman-2024-201729164081604.html |work=Hindustan Live}}</ref>
* Rani Lakshmi Bai Khel Ratn Samman 2025<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-20 |title=जाबिर को मिला रानी लक्ष्मीबाई खेल रत्न सम्मान |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/jamui/jabir-received-the-rani-lakshmibai-sports-ratna-award |access-date=2025-02-21 |website=Prabhat Khabar |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=जाबिर अंसारी को मिला रानी लक्ष्मीबाई खेल रत्न |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/jamui/jhajha/news/jabir-ansari-awarded-rani-laxmibai-khel-ratna-134512649.html |work=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref>

Ansari was featured in The Changemakers of Bihar by Awaz The Voice in 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jabir Ansari: A rising martial arts star in global arena |url=https://www.awazthevoice.in/changemaker-news/jabir-ansari-a-rising-martial-arts-star-in-global-arena-39641.html |access-date=2026-02-23 |website=www.awazthevoice.in |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

== External links ==

* [http://setopen2.sportdata.org/wkfranking/ranking_main_competitor.php?ranking_country=IND&ranking_competitor=&ranking_competitor_name=ANSARI%20MOHAMMAD%20ZABIR Mohammad Zabir Ansari] on [[World Karate Federation]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ansari, Md Zabir}}
[[Category:Martial arts champions]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1997 births]]
[[Category:Indian male karateka]]
[[Category:Indian male martial artists]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Bihar]]
[[Category:Patna University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Jamui district]]

Ponguru Narayana

2026-04-20T15:44:24Z

MHNNoella384131: done - done

{{Short description|Indian educationist and politician}}
{{BLP sources|date=March 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ponguru Narayana
| office = [[Fourth N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry|Minister of Municipal Administration & Urban Development]] [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]]
| term_start = 12 June 2024
| tern_end =
| governor = [[S. Abdul Nazeer]]
| 1blankname = Chief Minister
| 1namedata = [[N. Chandrababu Naidu]]
| predecessor = [[Audimulapu Suresh]]
| successor =
| office1 = [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Member of Legislative Assembly Andhra Pradesh]]
| term_start1 = 4 June 2024
| term_end1 =
| predecessor1 = [[Anil Kumar Poluboina]]
| successor1 =
| constituency1 = [[Nellore City Assembly constituency|Nellore City]]
| office2 = [[Third N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry|Minister of Municipal Administration & Urban Development, Urban Water Supply & Urban Planning, Urban Housing, Capital Region Development Authority]] [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]]
| term_start2 = 8 Jun 2014
| term_end2 = 29 May 2019
| 1blankname2 = Governor
| 1namedata2 = [[E. S. L. Narasimhan]]
| 2blankname2 = Chief Minister
| 2namedata2 = [[N. Chandrababu Naidu]]
| predecessor2 = [[President's Rule]]
| successor2 = [[Botsa Satyanarayana]]
| office3 = [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council|Member of Legislative Council Andhra Pradesh]]
| term_start3 = 14 August 2014
| term_end3 = 29 March 2019
| predecessor3 = [[Kolagatla Veerabhadra Swamy]]
| 1blankname3 = Chairman
| 1namedata3 = * [[A. Chakrapani]]
* [[N. M. D. Farooq]]
| 2blankname3 = Leader of the House
| 2namedata3 = [[N. Chandrababu Naidu]]
| constituency3 = Elected by MLAs
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1957|06|15|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Nellore]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]
| children = Daughters; Sindhuri, Sharani, and son; Nishith (Late)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/andhra-pradesh-minister-dr-p-narayana-nishith-hyderabad-jubilee-hills-road-mishap-976211-2017-05-10|title=Andhra Pradesh Minister P Narayana's son killed in road mishap in Hyderabad|website=India Today|date=10 May 2017 }}</ref>
| spouse = Ponguru Ramadevi
| image = Dr. Ponguru Narayana (cropped).jpg
}}
'''Ponguru Narayana''' (born 15 June 1957) is an Indian educationist turned politician in the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]], India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Municipal Minister Ponguru Narayana assures single window system in granting building permissions |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/andhra-pradesh-municipal-minister-ponguru-narayana-assures-single-window-system-in-granting-building-permissions/articleshow/112767804.cms |website=Times of India}}</ref> He was elected to the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council]] in 2014 and served as the Minister for Municipal administration and Urban development & Urban Housing.<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 29, 2024 |title=Minister Narayana alleges slack implementation of TIDCO housing scheme in YSRCP's tenure in A.P. |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/minister-narayana-alleges-slack-implementation-of-tidco-housing-scheme-in-ysrcps-tenure-in-ap/article68460567.ece |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> Elected [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council|MLC]] under [[Telugu Desam Party]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=MLA candidate Ponguru Narayana announces ₹10 crore funds for TDP cadre in Nellore |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/mla-candidate-ponguru-narayana-announces-10-crore-funds-for-tdp-cadre-in-nellore/article68215328.ece |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.myneta.info/andhrapradesh2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=4924|title=Ponguru Narayana(TDP):Constituency- NELLORE CITY(NELLORE) - Affidavit Information of Candidate|website=www.myneta.info}}</ref> he established the [[Narayana Group of Educational Institutions]].<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff Reporter|date=2016-05-23|title=Narayana's choice a calculated move by Naidu|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh//article60391284.ece|access-date=2022-02-25|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-23|title=AP minister P Narayana declares family assets worth Rs 669 crore|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/ap-minister-p-narayana-declares-family-assets-worth-rs-669-crore-98836|access-date=2022-02-25|website=The News Minute|language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Narayana was born on 15 June 1957, into a Telugu-speaking family in Harnathapuram, Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh, India. His parents were Ponguru Subbaramayya and Subamma, and he belonged to the Kapu community. Dr Narayana studied B.A. in [[mathematics]] and [[statistics]] from V. R. College at Nellore in 1977 and subsequently earned his MSc. (1979) and PhD (2002) in statistics from [[Sri Venkateswara University]] and worked as a senior lecturer. He is married to Ramadevi with whom he has three children.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 June 2024 |title=Amaravati Capital will be completed in two years: Ponguru Narayana |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2024/Jun/16/amaravati-capital-will-be-completed-in-two-years-ponguru-narayana |newspaper=New Indian Express}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Third N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry}}{{Fourth N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Narayana, Ponguru}}
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2009–2014]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:Third N. Chandrababu Naidu Cabinet (2014–2019)]]
[[Category:State cabinet ministers of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Scientists from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Telugu Desam Party politicians]]
[[Category:Sri Venkateswara University alumni]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian mathematicians]]
[[Category:Mathematical statisticians]]
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]
[[Category:Indian educators]]
[[Category:Detection and estimation theorists]]
[[Category:Probability theorists]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:21st-century statisticians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian statisticians]]

Sidli Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T08:47:48Z

MHNNoella384131: Creating Some Stub Basic Info

{{Short description|Constituency of the Assam legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Sidli
| constituency_no = 31
| type = SLA
| map_image = Sidli Assembly constituency map.svg
| state = [[Assam]]
| latest_election_year = 2024
| loksabha_cons = [[Kokrajhar Lok Sabha constituency|Kokrajhar]]
| district = [[Chirang district|Chirang]]
| established = 1951
| reservation = ST
| incumbent_image =
| mla =[[Nirmal Kumar Brahma]]
| party = [[United People's Party Liberal|UPPL]]
| alliance = [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
| electors =
| abolished = 2023
}}
'''Sidli Assembly constituency''' was one of the 126 constituencies of the [[Assam Legislative Assembly]] in India.<ref name=ceo>{{cite web |url=http://www.ceoassam.nic.in/information/pdf/2_PC%20wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf |title=List of Assembly constituencies showing their Parliamentary constituences wise break-up |website=www.ceoassam.nic.in| access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref><ref name=ceomap>{{cite web |url=http://www.ceoassam.nic.in/information/pdf/3_Assembly_HPC_wise_MapA1.pdf |title=Map of Assam showing District-wise assembly and Parliamentary constituencies |website=www.ceoassam.nic.in| access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref> Sidli formed a part of the [[Kokrajhar Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3931-delimitation-of-parliamentary-assembly-constituencies-order-2008/ |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies Order - 2008 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 12 February 2021}}</ref>

This constituency was abolished in 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eci.gov.in/Documents/Delimitation/DELIMITATIONASSAM_UPDATED.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies of State of Assam|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|access-date = 2025-11-28}}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
The list of the [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Members of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) representing Sidli constituency is as follows:
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Member
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
|1951
|rowspan="2" |Rupnath Brahma
|rowspan="4" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| rowspan="4" |[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|1962
|-
|1967
|rowspan="2" |Uttam Brahma
|-
|1972
|-
|1978
|Panchanan Brahma
|{{Full party name with color|Plain Tribals Council of Assam}}
|-
|1983
|Luis Islari
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|1985
|Janendra Basumatary
|{{Full party name with color|Plain Tribals Council of Assam}}
|-
|1991
|Khiren Borgoyary
|rowspan="4" style="background-color: {{party color|Independent}}" |
| rowspan="4" |[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|-
|1996
|Andrias Hajoary
|-
|2001
|Matindra Basumatary
|-
|2006
|rowspan="3" |[[Chandan Brahma]]
|-
|2011
|rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Bodoland People's Front}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Bodoland People's Front]]
|-
|2016
|-
|2021
|[[Joyanta Basumatary]]<ref name=election2021>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13620-assam-general-legislative-election-2021/ |title=Assam General Legislative Election 2021 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>
|rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|United People's Party Liberal}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[United People's Party Liberal]]
|-
|2024^
|[[Nirmal Kumar Brahma]]<ref name=byeelection2024>{{cite web |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcByeNov2024/candidateswise-S0331.htm |title=Assam Bye Election 2024 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=26 November 2024}}</ref>
|}

^By-poll

== Election results ==
===2024 by-election===
{{Election box begin | title= [[2024 elections in India#Assam|Assam Legislative Assembly by-election 2024]]: Sidli<ref name="NDA makes a clean sweep of bypolls in the Northeast">{{cite news |last1=The Hindu |first1= |title=NDA makes a clean sweep of bypolls in the Northeast |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/nda-makes-a-clean-sweep-of-bypolls-in-the-northeast/article68902364.ece |access-date=23 November 2024 |date=23 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123144021/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/nda-makes-a-clean-sweep-of-bypolls-in-the-northeast/article68902364.ece |archive-date=23 November 2024 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref name="Sidli Assembly Constituency By Poll Result 2024">{{cite news |last1=Election Commission of India |title=Sidli Assembly Constituency By Poll Result 2024 |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcByeNov2024/candidateswise-S0331.htm |access-date=25 November 2024 |date=23 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241125115220/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcByeNov2024/candidateswise-S0331.htm |archive-date=25 November 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = [[Nirmal Kumar Brahma]]
|party = United People's Party Liberal
|votes = 95,243
|percentage = 57.80
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Shuddho Kumar Basumatary|party=Bodoland People's Front|votes=58,227|percentage=35.34|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Sanjib Warle|party=Indian National Congress|votes=7,634|percentage=4.63|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[None of the Above]]|party=None of the above (India)|votes=3,671|percentage=2.23|change=}}
{{Election box majority|votes=37016|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=164,775|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = United People's Party Liberal
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2016 ===
{{Election box begin |title=[[2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election]]: Sidli<ref name=election2016>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4017-assam-general-legislative-election-2016/ |title=Assam General Legislative Election 2016 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bodoland People's Front
|candidate = [[Chandan Brahma]]
|votes =75860
|percentage = 41.99
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = [[Rwngwra Narzary]]
|votes = 46647
|percentage = 28.56
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Dilip Kumar Sarania
|votes = 21,601
|percentage = 13.73
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = All India United Democratic Front
|candidate = Pankaj Islary
|votes = 8,083
|percentage = 5.14
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Phalmarston Brahma
|votes = 1,548
|percentage = 0.98
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 2,929
|percentage = 1.86
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 8,988
|percentage = 5.72
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,57,247
|percentage = 82.74
|change =
}}
{{Election box Registered electors|
|reg. electors = 1,90,029
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bodoland People's Front
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web |title=Results of all Assam Assembly elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/67-assam/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Assam}}
{{coord|26.53|90.45|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Assam]]
[[Category:Chirang district]]
[[Category:Politics of Assam]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in Assam]]

Shraddhanand

2026-04-18T13:24:14Z

MHNNoella384131: Creating First Data Initial Version

{{Short description|Indian independence activist}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[Swami]]
| name = Shraddhanand
| image = Swami shraddhanand.jpg
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1856|2|22}}
| birth_place = Talwan, [[Jalandhar]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], India
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1926|12|23|1856|2|2}}
| death_place = [[Delhi]], India
| death_cause = [[Assassination]]
| known_for = Social worker Freedom Fighter Independence Activist Teacher Religious Leader
}}
'''Shraddhanand''' (Sanskrit: श्रद्धानन्द) (22 February 1856 – 23 December 1926), born '''Munshi Ram''',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aryasamajhouston.org/about-us/stalwarts-of-arya-samaj/swami-shraddhanand|title=Swami Shraddhanand|website=www.aryasamajhouston.org|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref> was an Indian independence activist and [[Arya Samaj]] [[Sannyasa|sannyasi]] who propagated the teachings of [[Dayananda Saraswati]]. This included the establishment of educational institutions, like the [[Gurukul Kangri University]], and played a key role on the ''Sangathan'' (consolidation and organization) and the ''[[Shuddhi (Hinduism)|Shuddhi]]'' (purification), a [[Hindu reform movement]] in the 1920s.

==Early life and education==
[[File:Munshi_Rama.jpg|thumb|left|A portrait of Shraddhanand]]
He was born on 22 February 1856 in the village of Talwan in the [[Jalandhar District]] of the [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab]] Province of [[India]]. He was the youngest child in the family of Lala Nanak Chand, who was a [[Police Inspector]] in the [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]] (now [[Uttar Pradesh]]), then administered by the [[East India Company]]. His given name was Brihaspati Vij, but later he was called Munshi Ram Vij by his father, a name that stayed with him till he took [[sanyas]] in 1917, variously as Lala Munshi Ram Vij and Mahatma Munshi Ram.

He adopted [[atheism]] after a few incidents, such as when he was prevented from entering the temple while a noble woman was praying. He also was witness to a "compromising" situation involving a church's father with a [[nun]],<ref name="Auto">Autobiography http://www.vedpedia.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110202025625/http://vedpedia.com/|date=2 February 2011}}.</ref> the attempted rape of a young [[worship|devotee]] by [[pontiffs]] of the [[Krishna]] [[cult]], and the suspicious death of a little girl at the home of a [[Muslim]] lawyer. All of these events cemented his [[atheism]]. He eventually passed mukhtari exams and began studying law from [[Punjab University Law College]] to become a lawyer.<ref name=Auto/>

===Meeting Dayanand===
He first met [[Dayanand Saraswati]] when Dayanand visited [[Bareilly]] to give lectures. His father was handling arrangements and security at the events, due to the attendance of some prominent personalities and British officers. Munshiram attend the lectures at his father's request. He originally went with the intent of spoiling the arrangements, then claimed to be strongly influenced by Dayanand's courage, skill, and strong personality. After completing his studies Munshiram started his practice as [[lawyer]].<ref name=Auto/><ref name=ad/>

==Career==
[[File:Mahatma Munshi Ram or Swami Shraddhanand Arya Samaj.jpg|thumb|Shraddhanand in his early days.]]


===Schools===
In 1892 [[Arya Samaj]] was split into two factions after a controversy over whether to make [[Vedic]] education the core curriculum at the [[Dayanand Anglo-Vedic Schools System|DAV]] College Lahore. He left the organization and formed the Punjab [[Arya Samaj]]. The Arya Samaj was divided between the Gurukul Section and the DAV Section. Shraddhanand headed for Gurukuls. In 1897, when [[Pandit Lekh Ram]] was assassinated, Shraddhanand succeeded him. He headed the 'Punjab Arya Pratinidhi Sabha', and started its monthly journal, ''Arya Musafir.''<ref name=mus/> In 1902 he established a [[Gurukul]] in [[Kangri, India]] near Haridwar. This school is now recognized as [[Gurukul Kangri University]].

In 1917, Mahatma Munshi Ram took sanyas as "Swami Shradhanand Saraswati".

Shraddhanand established Gurukul Indraprashtha in [[Aravali]] near Faridabad, Haryana.<ref name=mus/>

===Activism===
In 1917, Shraddhanand left Gurukul to become an active member of the [[Hindu reform movement]]s and the [[Indian Independence movement]].<ref name=ad>G.S. Chhatra (2007). [https://books.google.com/books?id=e08-yhBFfpAC&pg=PA227 Some Indian Personalities of the Time: Swami Shraddhanand] ''Advanced Study in the History of Modern India'' Lotus Press. {{ISBN|81-89093-08-8}} p. 227.</ref> He began working with the [[Indian National Congress|Congress]], which he invited to hold its session at Amritsar in 1919. This was because of the Jalianwala massacre, and no one in the Congress Committee disagreed to have a session at Amritsar. [[Motilal Nehru]] presided over the session.

He also joined the nationwide protest against the [[Rowlatt Act]]. The same year he protested in front of a posse of Gurkha soldiers at the [[Ghantaghar|Clock Tower]] in [[Chandni Chowk]], then was allowed to proceed.<ref name=ad/> In the early 1920s he emerged as an important force in the Hindu Sangathan (consolidation) movement, which was a by product of the now revitalised [[Hindu Mahasabha]].<ref name="na">Chetan Bhatt (2001). [[iarchive:hindunationalism00chet/page/62|Shraddhanand]] ''Hindu Nationalism: Origins, Ideologies and Modern Myths'' Berg Publishers. {{ISBN|1-85973-348-4}}. p. 62.</ref>

{{Blockquote|Swami Shradhanand was the only [[Hindu]] [[Sanyasi]] who addressed a huge gathering from the minarets of the main [[Jama Masjid, Delhi|Jama Masjid]] New Delhi, for national solidarity and [[Vedic]] dharma starting his speech with the recitation of [[Vedas|Vedic]] [[mantras]].<ref name=ad/>}}

He wrote on religious issues in both [[Hindi]] and [[Urdu]]. He published newspapers in the two languages as well. He promoted Hindi in the [[Devanagri]] script, helped the poor and promoted the education of women. By 1923, he left the social arena and plunged whole-heartedly into his earlier work of the [[Shuddhi (Hinduism)|shuddhi]] movement (re-conversion to [[Hinduism]]), which he turned into an important force within Hinduism.<ref>R. K. Ghai. (1990) ''Shuddhi Movement in India: A Study of Its Socio-political Dimensions'', Commonwealth Publishers. {{ISBN|9788171690428}}, p. 43.</ref> In 1922, Dr. Ambedkar called Shraddhanand “the greatest and most sincere champion of the Untouchables”.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Writings & Speeches Vol. 9|publisher=Dr. Ambedkar Foundation|year=1991|isbn=978-93-5109-064-9|pages=23–24}}</ref>

In late 1923, he became the president of ''Bhartiya Hindu Shuddhi Sabha'', created with an aim of reconverting Muslims, specifically 'Malkana Rajputs' in the western [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Province]]. This brought him into direct confrontation with Muslim clerics and leaders of the time.<ref name=mus>G. R. Thursby (1975). [https://archive.org/details/hindumuslimrelat0000thur/page/15 Controversy] ''Hindu-Muslim Relations in British India: A Study of Controversy, Conflict, and Communal Movements in Northern India 1923–1928'', BRILL. {{ISBN|90-04-04380-2}}. p. 15.</ref><ref>Kenneth W. Jones (1987). ''Socio-Religious Reform Movements in British India: Socio-Religious Reform Movements in British India, Volume III'' Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|0-521-24986-4}}. p. 194.</ref> 1,63,000 Malkana Rajputs were converted back to Hindu fold due to this movement.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gupta|first=Charu|date=1998|title=Articulating Hindu Masculinity and Femininity: 'Shuddhi' and 'Sangathan' Movements in United Provinces in the 1920s|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4406586|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|volume=33|issue=13|pages=727–735|jstor=4406586 |issn=0012-9976}}</ref>

==Assassination==
[[File:Swami Shraddhanand 1970 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|A 1970 Indian stamp dedicated to Shraddhanand.]]
[[File:Delhi Town Hall.jpg|thumb|Statue of Shraddhanand in front of [[Delhi Town Hall]].]]
On 23 December 1926, Shraddhanand was assassinated by an [[Islamic fundamentalism|Islamic radical]] Abdul Rashid who said he murdered Shraddhanand over his comments on [[Islam]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-21 |title=Ram Madhav on history textbook deletions: All NCERT has done is present the facts about Gandhi's assassination |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/history-textbook-deletions-ncert-facts-about-gandhis-assassination-8568894/ |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Rashid was hanged to death in 1927. [[Mahatma Gandhi|Gandhi]] objected to the hanging of Rashid.<ref>{{cite book|title=Genesis of Pakistan|page=164|publisher=Allied Publishers|author=V. V. Nagarkar|year=1975|isbn=978-0-88386-711-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9-89AAAAMAAJ}}</ref>

The 'Swami Shraddhanand Kaksha' at the archeological museum of the [[Gurukul Kangri University]] in [[Haridwar]] houses a photographic journey of his life.<ref>[http://www.gkvharidwar.org/mpage/museum.htm Archaeological Museum] [[Gurukul Kangri University]].</ref>

A statue of him was placed in front of [[Delhi Town Hall]] after [[Independence Day (India)|independence]], replacing a statue of [[Queen Victoria|Victoria]].<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/stories-in-stone/article6517363.ece "Stories in stone"], ''The Hindu'', 20 October 2014</ref> This location in [[Old Delhi]] is termed [[ghantaghar]] because the old clock tower stood here until the 1950s.<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1600_1699/shahjahanabad/clocktower/clocktower.html Clock Tower Chandni Chowk, Delhi, Early 1900s]. Columbia.edu. Retrieved on 17 December 2018.</ref>

==Personal life==
Shraddhanand and his wife Shiva Devi had two sons and two daughters. His wife died when Shraddhanand was only 36 years old. His granddaughter [[Satyavati Devi|Satyavati]] was a prominent opponent of the British rule in India.<ref>{{cite book | title=Women in Modern India, Volume 4 | author=Geraldine Forbes | publisher=Cambridge University Press | date= 1999 | page=148|isbn=9780521612401}}</ref>

==See also==

* [[Arya Samaj]]
* [[Hindu reform movements|Hindu reformists]]

==Bibliography==
* ''The Arya Samaj and Its Detractors: A Vindication'', Rama Deva. Published by s.n, 1910.
* ''Hindu Sangathan: Saviour of the Dying Race'', Published by s.n., 1924.
* ''Inside Congress'', by Swami Shraddhanand, Compiled by Purushottama Rāmacandra Lele. Published by Phoenix Publications, 1946.
* ''Kalyan Marg Ke Pathik'' (Autobiography:Hindi), New Delhi. n.d.
* ''Autobiography'' (English Translation), Edited by M. R. Jambunathan. Published by Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1961

==Further reading==
{{Wikisource|The Story of My Experiments with Truth/Part V/Lakshman Jhula|Mahatma Gandhi's visit 1915}}
{{wikisourcelang|1|लक्षमण झूला|मोहन दास करमचंद गाँधी 1915}}
* ''Swami Shraddhanand'', by Satyadev Vidyalankar, ed. by Indra Vidyavachaspati. Delhi, 1933.
* ''Swami Shraddhanand (Lala Munshi Ram)'', by Aryapathik Lekh Ram. Jallandhar. 2020 Vik.
* ''Swami Shraddhanand'', by K.N. Kapur. Arya Pratinidhi Sabha, Jallandhar, 1978.
* ''Swami Shraddhanand: His Life and Causes'', by J. T. F. Jordens. Published by Oxford University Press, 1981.
* ''Section Two:Swami Shraddhanand'' . ''Modern Indian Political Thought'', by Vishwanath Prasad Varma. Published by Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, 1961. Page 447.
* ''Chapt XI: Swami Shraddhanand''. ''Advanced Study in the History of Modern India : 1920–1947''. by G. S. Chhabra. Published by Sterling Publishers, 1971. Page 211
* ''Pen-portraits and Tributes by Gandhiji'': '(Sketches of eminent men and women by Mahatma Gandhi)', by Gandhi, U. S. Mohan Rao. Published by National Book Trust, India, 1969. Page 133
* ''Swami Shraddhanand – Indian freedom fighters: struggle for independence''. Anmol Publishers, 1996. {{ISBN|81-7488-268-5}}.
* ''Telegram to Swami Shraddhanand'', (2 October 1919) – ''Collected Works'', by Gandhi. Published by Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India, 1958. v.16. Page 203.
* An article on Swami Shraddhanand in "The Legacy of The Punjab" by R M Chopra, 1997, Punjabee Bradree, Calcutta,

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
{{Commons category|Swami Shraddhanand}}
*[http://www.indianpostagestamps.com/gallery/1970.html Postage stamp on Swami Shraddhanand by ''IndianPost''] in [[List of postage stamps of India#1970|1970]]

{{Arya Samaj by country}}
{{Hindu reform movements}}
{{Modern Hindu writers}}
{{Subject bar|portal1= Biography |portal2=India |portal3=Hinduism|s=y|commons=y|q=y}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shraddhanand, Swami}}
[[Category:1856 births]]
[[Category:1926 deaths]]
[[Category:1926 murders in India]]
[[Category:People from Jalandhar]]
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Thanga Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:51:56Z

MHNNoella384131: Creating New Stub More To Come

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Manipur State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Thanga
| mla = [[Tongbram Robindro Singh]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| latest_election_year = [[2022 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| state = [[Manipur]]
| district = [[Bishnupur district|Bishnupur]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Inner Manipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Inner Manipur]]
| established = 1972
| reservation = None
| electors = {{formatnum:22984}}<ref name=election2022>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14166-manipur-general-legislative-election-2022/ |title=Manipur General Legislative Election 2022 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref>{{update after|2027|6}}
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 28
}}
'''Thanga''' is one of the 60 [[Manipur Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Manipur]] state in [[India]].<ref name=election2017>{{cite web |url=https://ceomanipur.nic.in/magazine/2019/gels/CEO%20Report%202019%20.pdf |title= Report - General Election to Lok Sabha, 2019|website=ceomanipur.nic.in |date= |author=Chief Electoral Officer, Manipur |accessdate= December 27, 2020}}</ref>

It is part of [[Bishnupur district]]. As of 2022, it is represented by [[Tongbram Robindro Singh]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref name=election2022/>

== Extent ==
Thanga is the 28th among 60 constituencies of Manipur. It consists of 28 parts namely: 1 - Thanga Karang (A), 2 - Thanga Karang (B), 3 - Thanga Chingkha(A), 4 - Thanga Chingkha(B), 5 - Thanga Heisnam Leikai (A), 6 - Thanga Heisnam Leikai (B), 7 - Thanga Salam Leikai (A), 8 - Thanga Salam Leikai (B), 9 - Thanga Oinam Leikai, 10 - Samukon, 11 - Thanga Moirangthem Leikai (A-1), 12 - Thanga Moirangthem Leikai (A-2), 13 - Thanga Moirangthem Leikai (B), 14 - Ithing (A), 15 - Ithing (B), 16 - Keibul (A), 17 - Keibul (B), 18 - Chingmei Chandapur (A), 19 - Chingmei Chandapur (B), 20 - Moirang Khunou (A), 21 - Moirang Khunou (B), 22 - Moirang Khunou (C), 23 - Kha Thinungei (A), 24 - Kha Thinungei (B), 25 - Keirenphabi, 26 - Khordak, 27 - Nongmaikhong, and 28 - Champu Khangpok.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CEO, Manipur {{!}} Electoral Roll |url=https://ceomanipur.nic.in/eroll |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=ceomanipur.nic.in}}</ref> {{update after|2027|6}}

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2007 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|2007]]<ref name=election2007>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3711-manipur-2007/ |title=Manipur General Legislative Election 2007 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=8 June 2023}}</ref>
| rowspan=2|[[Tongbram Mangibabu Singh]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2012 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|2012]]<ref name=election2012>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3712-manipur-2012/ |title=Manipur General Legislative Election 2012 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=8 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[2017 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|2017]]<ref name=results2017/>
| rowspan=2|[[Tongbram Robindro Singh]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|[[2022 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|}

== Election results ==
{{bar box
|float=right
|title= Vote share of winning candidates
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=300px
|barwidth=275px
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2022|2022]]|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|61.96}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2017|2017]]|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}|33.06}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2012|2012]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|26.74}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2007|2007]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|35.51}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2002|2002]]|{{party color|Federal Party of Manipur}}|23.33}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2000|2000]]|{{party color|Manipur State Congress Party}}|25.75}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1995|1995]]|{{party color|Janata Dal}}|30.19}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1990|1990]]|{{party color|Manipur Peoples Party}}|24.45}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1984|1984]]|{{party color|Independent politician}}|24.28}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1980|1980]]|{{party color|Independent politician}}|36.84}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1974|1974]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|35.49}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1972|1972]]|{{party color|Socialist Party (India)}}|41.66}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1967|1967]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|46.68}}
}}
=== Assembly Election 2022 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2022 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ceomanipur.nic.in/ResultSheets/StateLegislativeAssembly/2022/results |title=Result Sheet State Assembly Election 2022 |website=Chief Electoral Officer, Manipur |accessdate= 11 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126084814/https://ceomanipur.nic.in/ResultSheets/StateLegislativeAssembly/2022/results |archive-date= 26 November 2022}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Tongbram Robindro Singh]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=13,095 |percentage=61.96% |change=34.04% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Birla Haobijam|party=Indian National Congress|votes=7,844|percentage=37.11%|change=11.18%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Nota|party=None of the above|votes=196|percentage=0.93%|change=0.43%}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=5,251 |percentage=24.85% |change=19.70% }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=21,135|percentage=91.96%|change=-1.48%}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 22,984 |change =9.86% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Bharatiya Janata Party |loser=All India Trinamool Congress |swing= 28.90% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 2017 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2017 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga<ref name=results2017>{{cite web |url=https://ceomanipur.nic.in/ResultSheets/SLAResult2017.html |title=FORM 20- FINAL RESULT SHEET OF ASSEMBLY ELECTION, 2017 |website=Office of the Chief Electoral Officer - Manipur |accessdate= 11 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905063602/http://www.ceomanipur.nic.in/ResultSheets/SLAResult2017.html |archive-date= 5 September 2018}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Tongbram Robindro Singh]] |party=All India Trinamool Congress |votes=6,462 |percentage=33.06% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Moirangthem Asnikumar Singh|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=5,457|percentage=27.92%|change=26.23%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Tongbram Mangibabu Singh|party=Indian National Congress|votes=5,070|percentage=25.94%|change=-0.80%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Heisnam Kulachandra Singh|party=Nationalist Congress Party|votes=2,461|percentage=12.59%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=None of the Above|party=None of the above|votes=97|percentage=0.50%|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,005 |percentage=5.14% |change=4.20% }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=19,547|percentage=93.43%|change=3.38%}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 20,921 |change =3.21% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Trinamool Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 6.32% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 2012 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2012 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ceomanipur.nic.in/Archive/ResultSheets/SLAResult2012.html |title=FORM 20- FINAL RESULT SHEET OF ASSEMBLY ELECTION, 2012 |website=Office of the Chief Electoral Officer - Manipur |accessdate= 11 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628212737/https://ceomanipur.nic.in/Archive/ResultSheets/SLAResult2012.html |archive-date= 28 June 2017}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Tongbram Mangibabu Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=4,881 |percentage=26.74% |change=-8.77% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Tongbram Robindro Singh]]|party=All India Trinamool Congress|votes=4,710|percentage=25.80%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Moirangthem Asnikumar Singh|party=Communist Party of India|votes=3,492|percentage=19.13%|change=3.83%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Haobijam Manisana Singh|party=Manipur Peoples Party|votes=3,066|percentage=16.80%|change=-12.29%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Heisnam Kulachandra Singh|party=Manipur State Congress Party|votes=1,796|percentage=9.84%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Salam Ibohal Singh|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=308|percentage=1.69%|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=171 |percentage=0.94% |change=-5.49% }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=18,254|percentage=90.04%|change=-0.14%}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 20,271 |change =1.24% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -8.77% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 2007 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2007 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ceomanipur.nic.in/Archive/ResultSheets/SLAResult2007.html |title=FORM 20- FINAL RESULT SHEET OF ASSEMBLY ELECTION, 2007 |website=Office of the Chief Electoral Officer - Manipur |accessdate= 11 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512162740/https://ceomanipur.nic.in/Archive/ResultSheets/SLAResult2007.html |archive-date= 12 May 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Tongbram Mangibabu Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=6,412 |percentage=35.51% |change=18.82% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Manisana Singh |party=Manipur Peoples Party |votes=5,252 |percentage=29.08% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Ibohal Singh |party=Samajwadi Party |votes=3,485 |percentage=19.30% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Heisnam Sanayaima Singh |party=Communist Party of India |votes=2,762 |percentage=15.30% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,160 |percentage=6.42% |change=6.33% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=18,058 |percentage=90.19% |change= -2.16% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 20,022 |change =11.94% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Federal Party of Manipur |swing= 12.18% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 2002 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2002 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ceomanipur.nic.in/Archive/ResultSheets/SLAResult2002.html |title=FORM 20- FINAL RESULT SHEET OF ASSEMBLY ELECTION, 2002 |website=Office of the Chief Electoral Officer - Manipur |accessdate= 11 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512183325/https://ceomanipur.nic.in/Archive/ResultSheets/SLAResult2002.html |archive-date= 12 May 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Ibohal Singh |party=Federal Party of Manipur |votes=3,781 |percentage=23.33% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Manisana Singh |party=Manipur State Congress Party |votes=3,765 |percentage=23.23% |change=-2.53% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Kangjamba Singh |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=3,220 |percentage=19.86% |change=-5.53% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tongbram Mangibabu Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,705 |percentage=16.69% |change=-7.27% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Heisnam Sanayaima Singh |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes=2,173 |percentage=13.41% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Moirangthem Asnikumar Singh |party=Samata Party |votes=566 |percentage=3.49% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=16 |percentage=0.10% |change=-0.26% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=16,210 |percentage=92.35% |change= -1.64% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 17,886 |change =4.37% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Federal Party of Manipur |loser=Manipur State Congress Party |swing= -6.86% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 2000 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2000 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Heisnam Sanayaima Singh |party=Manipur State Congress Party |votes=3,992 |percentage=25.75% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Kangjamba Singh |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=3,936 |percentage=25.39% |change=3.04% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Ibohal Singh |party=Manipur Peoples Party |votes=3,860 |percentage=24.90% |change=1.54% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tongbram Mangibabu Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,713 |percentage=23.95% |change=-0.14% }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=56 |percentage=0.36% |change=-5.73% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=15,501 |percentage=92.26% |change= -1.74% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 17,137 |change =11.36% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Manipur State Congress Party |loser=Janata Dal |swing= -4.44% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 1995 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1995 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Tongbram Mangibabu Singh |party=Janata Dal |votes=4,277 |percentage=30.19% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Heisnam Sanayaima Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,414 |percentage=24.10% |change=2.43% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Ibohal Singh |party=Manipur Peoples Party |votes=3,310 |percentage=23.36% |change=-1.09% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Kangjamba Singh |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=3,166 |percentage=22.35% |change=1.13% }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=863 |percentage=6.09% |change=3.31% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=14,167 |percentage=94.00% |change= 2.37% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 15,389 |change =4.53% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Janata Dal |loser=Manipur Peoples Party |swing= 5.74% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 1990 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1990 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Ibohal Singh |party=Manipur Peoples Party |votes=3,210 |percentage=24.45% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Heisnam Sanayaima Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,845 |percentage=21.67% |change=-1.29% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Kangjamba Singh |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=2,786 |percentage=21.22% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tongbram Mangibabu Singh |party=Janata Dal |votes=2,542 |percentage=19.36% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Jayantakumar Singh |party=Indian Congress (Socialist) – Sarat Chandra Sinha |votes=1,745 |percentage=13.29% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=365 |percentage=2.78% |change=1.87% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=13,128 |percentage=91.62% |change= -0.85% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 14,722 |change =21.35% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Manipur Peoples Party |loser=Independent politician |swing= 0.17% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 1984 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1984 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Heisnam Sanayaima Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=2,628 |percentage=24.28% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Ibohal Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=2,529 |percentage=23.37% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Kangjamba Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,485 |percentage=22.96% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tongbram Mangibabu Singh |party=Janata Party |votes=1,844 |percentage=17.04% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Jayantakumar Singh |party=Indian Congress (Socialist) |votes=1,336 |percentage=12.35% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=99 |percentage=0.91% |change=-6.56% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=10,822 |percentage=92.47% |change= 2.11% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 12,132 |change =6.05% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Independent politician |loser=Independent politician |swing= -12.56% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 1980 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1980 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Haojam Kangjamba Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=3,711 |percentage=36.84% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Kaisanam Yaima |party=Janata Party (Secular) |votes=2,958 |percentage=29.37% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Ibohal Singh |party=Indian National Congress (I) |votes=1,907 |percentage=18.93% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Jayantakumar Singh |party=Janata Party |votes=1,398 |percentage=13.88% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Labuktongbam Kondum |party=Manipur Peoples Party |votes=99 |percentage=0.98% |change=-33.32% }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=753 |percentage=7.48% |change=6.30% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=10,073 |percentage=90.37% |change= 1.38% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 11,440 |change =14.42% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Independent politician |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 1.35% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 1974 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1974 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Jayantakumar Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,037 |percentage=35.49% |change=8.62% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Heisnam Yaima Singh |party=Manipur Peoples Party |votes=2,936 |percentage=34.31% |change=32.14% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Kanjamba Singh |party=Socialist Party (India) |votes=2,585 |percentage=30.21% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=101 |percentage=1.18% |change=-13.61% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=8,558 |percentage=88.99% |change= 8.20% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 9,998 |change =13.59% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Socialist Party (India) |swing= -6.17% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Kangjamba Singh |party=Socialist Party (India) |votes=2,878 |percentage=41.66% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Salam Jayantakumar Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=1,856 |percentage=26.87% |change=-19.81% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Heisnam Yaima Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=1,326 |percentage=19.20% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Oinam Lukhoi |party=Independent politician |votes=698 |percentage=10.10% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ningthoujam Duhar |party=Manipur Peoples Party |votes=150 |percentage=2.17% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,022 |percentage=14.79% |change=4.76% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=6,908 |percentage=80.79% |change= 3.89% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 8,802 |change =-48.08% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Socialist Party (India) |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -5.02% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Manipur Legislative Assembly election]]: Thanga}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Mairembam Koireng Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,823 |percentage=46.68% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haobijam Kangjamba Singh |party=Samyukta Socialist Party |votes=4,571 |percentage=36.64% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ibocha |party=Independent politician |votes=1,096 |percentage=8.79% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=K. Maniangou |party=Independent politician |votes=701 |percentage=5.62% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bhanu |party=Independent politician |votes=284 |percentage=2.28% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,252 |percentage=10.04% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=12,475 |percentage=76.90% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 16,954 |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Indian National Congress |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Manipur Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Bishnupur district]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |title=Record of all Manipur Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/81-manipur/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=14 March 2022}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Manipur}}

{{coord|24.53|93.83|display=title}}

[[Category:Bishnupur district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Manipur]]
[[Category:Politics of Manipur]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in Manipur]]

Gulur Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:39:24Z

MHNNoella384131: Put Up Info

{{Short description|Former Assembly constituency in Karnataka, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Gulur
| type = SLA
| map_image =
| map_caption =
| map_alt =
| state = [[Mysore state]]
| district = [[Tumkur district|Tumkur]]
| division = [[Bangalore division|Bangalore]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Tumkur Lok Sabha constituency|Tumkur]]
| constituency_no =
| established = 1967
| reservation = SC
| abolished = 1978
| mla =
| party =
| alliance =
| latest_election_year = [[1972 Mysore Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| electors =
}}
'''Gulur Assembly constituency''' was one of the constituencies in [[Mysore state assembly]] in India until 1978 when it was made defunct. It was part of [[Tumkur Lok Sabha constituency]].

==Members of the Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || G. Bovi || {{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || [[Dodda Thimmaiah]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}
==Election results==
=== Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Gulur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006074555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Dodda Thimmaiah]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 18,307 |percentage = 52.59% |change = {{increase}}23.39 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gangabovi |party = Indian National Congress (Organisation) |votes = 15,448 |percentage = 44.38% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Chikkamariyappa |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 1,056 |percentage = 3.03% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,859 |percentage = 8.21% |change = {{decrease}}8.74 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 35,648 |percentage = 55.26% |change = {{increase}}6.41 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 34,811}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 64,514 |ref = |change = {{increase}}12.57 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Praja Socialist Party |swing = {{increase}}6.44 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Gulur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006083645/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = G. Bovi |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 11,903 |percentage = 46.15% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = S. Chikkasiddaiah |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 7,531 |percentage = 29.20% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = L. Lingaiah |party = Independent politician |votes = 3,582 |percentage = 13.89% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ramagiriyappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,261 |percentage = 4.89% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = T. N. Lakshminarasimhaiam |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,048 |percentage = 4.06% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = C. N. Avenkatanarasappa |party = Swatantra Party |votes = 468 |percentage = 1.81% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 4,372 |percentage = 16.95% |change = }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 27,993 |percentage = 48.85% |change = }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 25,793}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 57,308 |ref = |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Praja Socialist Party |swing = }}
{{Election box end}}

== See also ==
* [[List of constituencies of the Mysore Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Karnataka}}

{{Coord|13.292245|77.092609|region:IN|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:constituency, Gulur Assembly}}
[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Tumakuru district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in Mysore State]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 1978]]
[[Category:1978 disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:Politics of Karnataka]]

Bhaderwah Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:20:07Z

MHNNoella384131: Made The Data Added Tags - done

{{Short description|Constituency of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = [[Bhaderwah]]
| mla = [[Daleep Singh Parihar]]
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| state = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| district = [[Doda district|Doda]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Udhampur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Udhampur]]
| established = 1962
| type= SLA
| constituency_no = 51
}}

'''Bhaderwah Assembly constituency''' is one of the 90 constituencies in the [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], the northernmost state of India. Bhaderwah is also part of the [[Udhampur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Udhampur Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/12211-delimitation-of-constituencies-in-jammu-kashmir-assamarunachal-pradesh-manipur-and-nagaland-notification-dated-06032020/ |title=Delimitation of Constituencies in Jammu-Kashmir, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur and Nagaland – Notification dated 06.03.2020 – Delimitation – Election Commission of India |newspaper=eci.gov.in |accessdate=27 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13193-delimitation-of-constituencies-in-jammu-kashmir-notification-dated-03032021/ |title=Delimitation of Constituencies in Jammu-Kashmir – Notification dated 03.03.2021 – Presidential Orders/ Delimitation Commission Orders |website=Election Commission of India |date= 3 March 2021 |accessdate= 27 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sitting and previous MLAs from Bhaderwah Assembly Constituency|url=https://www.elections.in/jammu-and-kashmir/assembly-constituencies/bhaderwah.html|access-date=27 June 2021|website=Elections.in}}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[1962 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || Chuni Lal || {{Full party name with color|Jammu & Kashmir National Conference}}
|-
| [[1967 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || J. Ram || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1972 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || Bodh Raj
|-
| [[1977 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1977]] || Narain Dass || {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
| [[1983 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1983]] || rowspan=2 | Hari Lal Hitaishit || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1987 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1987]]
|-
| [[1996 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1996]] || [[Sheikh Abdul Rehman]] || {{Full party name with color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|-
| [[2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2002]] || Mohammed Sharief Niaz || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=4}}
|-
| [[2006 elections in India#Jammu and Kashmir|2006 By-election]] || rowspan=2 | [[Ghulam Nabi Azad]]
|-
| [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2008]]
|-
| [[2009 elections in India#Jammu and Kashmir|2009 By-election]] || Mohammed Sharief Niaz
|-
| [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2014]] || rowspan=2 | [[Daleep Singh Parihar]] || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2024 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
|}
== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 2024 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2024 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref name="J & K Election Results 2024- Bhaderwah">{{cite news |title=J & K Election Results 2024- Bhaderwah |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenOct2024/candidateswise-U0851.htm |accessdate=9 July 2025 |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=8 October 2024 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250709142724/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenOct2024/candidateswise-U0851.htm |archivedate=9 July 2025}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Daleep Singh Parihar]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=42,128 |percentage=48.98% |change={{increase}}13.65 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sheikh Mehboob Iqbal |party=Jammu and Kashmir National Conference |votes=31,998 |percentage=37.20% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Nadeem Sharief |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,151 |percentage=8.31% |change={{decrease}}24.98 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Meenkashi Bhagat |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=1,066 |percentage=1.24% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Manoj Kumar |party=Independent politician |votes=777 |percentage=0.90% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Vikram Rathore |party=Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party |votes=580 |percentage=0.67% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=865 |percentage=1.01% |change={{increase}}0.54 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=10,130 |percentage=11.78% |change= {{increase}}9.74 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=86,016 |percentage=69.05% |change= {{decrease}}0.06 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,24,568 |ref = |change= {{increase}}17.18 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Bharatiya Janata Party |loser=Bharatiya Janata Party |swing= {{increase}}13.65 }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly Election 2014 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Jammu & Kashmir 2014 - Jammu & Kashmir - Election Commission of India |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190613150235/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-date=2019-06-13 |access-date= |website=eci.gov.in}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Daleep Singh Parihar]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=25,953 |percentage=35.33% |change={{decrease}}0.80 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Sharief Niaz |party=Indian National Congress |votes=24,457 |percentage=33.29% |change={{decrease}}8.00 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sheikh Mehboob Iqbal |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=16,673 |percentage=22.70% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Reyaz Ahmed Zarger |party=Independent politician |votes=1,310 |percentage=1.78% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Narinder Kant |party=Communist Party of India |votes=891 |percentage=1.21% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Riaz Anayat Ullah |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=880 |percentage=1.20% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Shiekh Mohammad Shafi |party=Samajwadi Party |votes=828 |percentage=1.13% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=339 |percentage=0.46% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,496 |percentage=2.04% |change= {{decrease}}3.13 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=73,463 |percentage=69.11% |change= {{increase}}12.64 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,06,302 |ref = |change= {{increase}}12.84 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Bharatiya Janata Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}5.96 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly By-election 2009 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2009 elections in India#Jammu and Kashmir|2009 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly by-election]] : Bhaderwah}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Sharief Niaz |party=Indian National Congress |votes=21,966 |percentage=41.29% |change={{decrease}}21.57 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Daleep Singh Parihar]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=19,219 |percentage=36.13% |change={{increase}}21.66 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sheikh Mujib Ali |party=J&K NPP |votes=7,146 |percentage=13.43% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Shafi Sheikh |party=Independent politician |votes=2,396 |percentage=4.50% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sanjay Kumar |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=1,226 |percentage=2.30% |change={{increase}}1.37 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Iqbal |party=J&KNPP |votes=603 |percentage=1.13% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Kuldeep K Rao |party=Independent politician |votes=405 |percentage=0.76% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,747 |percentage=5.16% |change= {{decrease}}43.22 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=53,200 |percentage=56.49% |change= {{decrease}}8.81 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 94,208 |ref = |change= {{increase}}1.10 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}21.57 }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly Election 2008 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2008 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225073739/https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2024|access-date=25 December 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Ghulam Nabi Azad]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=38,238 |percentage=62.86% |change={{decrease}}31.01 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Daya Kirshan Kotwal |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=8,802 |percentage=14.47% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammad Aslam Goni |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=6,687 |percentage=10.99% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sheikh Mujib Ali |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=2,807 |percentage=4.61% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sohan Lal |party=Communist Party of India |votes=921 |percentage=1.51% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Shafi Sheikh |party=Samajwadi Party |votes=898 |percentage=1.48% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Hafiz Wani |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=570 |percentage=0.94% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=29,436 |percentage=48.39% |change= {{decrease}}39.34 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=60,835 |percentage=65.29% |change= {{decrease}}7.26 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 93,183 |ref = |change= {{increase}}2.22 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}31.01 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly By-election 2006 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2006 elections in India#Jammu and Kashmir|2006 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly by-election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/ByeElection/ByeAprMay2006/index.htm |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date = 1 January 2025 |title=Election Statistics - Bye Elections - April-May 2006 |publisher=Election Commission Of India |website=eci.gov.in}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Ghulam Nabi Azad]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=62,072 |percentage=93.87% |change={{increase}}59.69 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Dhantar Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=4,057 |percentage=6.13% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=58,015 |percentage=87.73% |change= {{increase}}73.97 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=66,129 |percentage=72.54% |change= {{increase}}18.29 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 91,159 |ref = |change= {{decrease}}0.35 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2002 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2002 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/StatRep_JK_02.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127192246/http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/StatRep_JK_02.pdf|archive-date=27 January 2013|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Sharief Niaz |party=Indian National Congress |votes=16,962 |percentage=34.18% |change={{increase}}29.29 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Aslam |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=10,135 |percentage=20.42% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Daya Kirshan Kotwal |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=9,711 |percentage=19.57% |change={{decrease}}21.34 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Sheikh Abdul Rehman]] |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=3,724 |percentage=7.50% |change={{decrease}}43.73 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Daleep Singh Parihar]] |party=Independent politician |votes=3,415 |percentage=6.88% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Vinod Kumar Bhagat |party=Independent politician |votes=2,376 |percentage=4.79% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sheikh Mujib Ali Murtaza |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=1,498 |percentage=3.02% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=6,827 |percentage=13.76% |change= {{increase}}3.43 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=49,628 |percentage=54.25% |change= {{decrease}}11.21 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 91,478 |ref = |change= {{increase}}41.94 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Bahujan Samaj Party |swing= {{decrease}}17.05 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1996 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1996 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1996 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-JK96.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117084805/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-JK96.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Sheikh Abdul Rehman]] |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=21,615 |percentage=51.23% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Daya Kirshan Kotwal |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=17,260 |percentage=40.91% |change={{increase}}39.34 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Swami Raj Sharma |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,064 |percentage=4.89% |change={{decrease}}49.28 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Iqbal |party=Janata Dal |votes=445 |percentage=1.05% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Des Raj |party=Communist Party of India |votes=341 |percentage=0.81% |change={{decrease}}2.77 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,355 |percentage=10.32% |change= {{decrease}}5.50 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=42,191 |percentage=66.73% |change= {{increase}}14.93 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 64,450 |ref = |change= {{increase}}49.85 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Bahujan Samaj Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}2.94 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1987 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1987 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1987 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReport_jk_87.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114084427/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReport_jk_87.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Hari Lal Hitaishit |party=Indian National Congress |votes=11,772 |percentage=54.17% |change={{increase}}5.30 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gian Chand |party=Lokdal |votes=8,333 |percentage=38.34% |change={{increase}}35.20 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Isher Lal |party=Communist Party of India |votes=778 |percentage=3.58% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Om Parkash |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=342 |percentage=1.57% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Narain Dass |party=Independent politician |votes=172 |percentage=0.79% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bal Krishan |party=Independent politician |votes=167 |percentage=0.77% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,439 |percentage=15.82% |change= {{increase}}13.75 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=21,732 |percentage=51.40% |change= {{decrease}}13.31 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 43,009 |ref = |change= {{increase}}14.63 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}5.30 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1983 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1983 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport_JK_1983.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117082124/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport_JK_1983.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Hari Lal Hitaishit |party=Indian National Congress |votes=11,706 |percentage=48.87% |change={{increase}}36.60 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bodh Raj |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=11,209 |percentage=46.80% |change={{increase}}12.97 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Manohar Lal |party=Lokdal |votes=752 |percentage=3.14% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Narain Dass |party=Independent politician |votes=286 |percentage=1.19% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=497 |percentage=2.07% |change= {{decrease}}5.06 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=23,953 |percentage=65.54% |change= {{increase}}28.37 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 37,521 |ref = |change= {{increase}}20.21 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Janata Party |swing= {{increase}}7.91 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1977 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport_JK_77.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117081946/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport_JK_77.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Narain Dass |party=Janata Party |votes=4,535 |percentage=40.96% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Thakur Dass |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=3,745 |percentage=33.82% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Hari Lal Hitaishit |party=Indian National Congress |votes=1,359 |percentage=12.27% |change={{decrease}}53.00 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bodh Raj |party=Independent politician |votes=639 |percentage=5.77% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bansi Lal |party=Independent politician |votes=466 |percentage=4.21% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bal Krislhan |party=Independent politician |votes=286 |percentage=2.58% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=790 |percentage=7.14% |change= {{decrease}}27.34 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=11,072 |percentage=36.34% |change= {{increase}}1.71 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 31,213 |ref = |change= {{increase}}12.53 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Janata Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}24.32 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisticalRep_JK_72.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117083027/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisticalRep_JK_72.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Bodh Raj |party=Indian National Congress |votes=6,114 |percentage=65.28% |change={{increase}}6.72 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Narain Dass |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes=2,885 |percentage=30.80% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Lal Chand |party=Indian National Congress (Organisation) |votes=190 |percentage=2.03% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Jagat Ram |party=Independent politician |votes=177 |percentage=1.89% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,229 |percentage=34.48% |change= {{increase}}17.36 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=9,366 |percentage=34.82% |change= {{decrease}}3.89 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 27,738 |ref = |change= {{increase}}9.96 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}6.72 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report_Jk_1967.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006052138/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report_Jk_1967.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=J. Ram |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,562 |percentage=58.56% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Faqiroo |party=Independent politician |votes=3,936 |percentage=41.44% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,626 |percentage=17.12% |change= {{decrease}}26.55 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=9,498 |percentage=39.18% |change= {{decrease}}20.67 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 25,225 |ref = |change= {{decrease}}5.21 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}13.27 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1962 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1962 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhaderwah<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_JK_1962.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006183842/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_JK_1962.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Chuni Lal |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=11,150 |percentage=71.83% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Rehman |party=Jammu Praja Parishad |votes=4,372 |percentage=28.17% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=6,778 |percentage=43.67% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=15,522 |percentage=58.56% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 26,612 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

== See also ==
* [[Bhaderwah]]
* [[List of constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir}}
{{coord|32.981|75.711|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Doda district]]
[[Category:Politics of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in Jammu and Kashmir]]

Mazaiyil Nanaigiren

2026-04-15T15:52:22Z

MHNNoella384131: made new details

{{Short description|2024 Tamil film by T Suresh Kumar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Mazaiyil Nanaigiren.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = T Suresh Kumar
| writer = {{Plainlist|
*[[Viji (screenwriter)|Viji]]
*Kavin Pandiyan
}}'''(dialogues)'''
| screenplay = T Suresh Kumar
| story = T Suresh Kumar
| producer = {{ubl
|Sreevidhya Rajesh
|B Rajesh Kumar
}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|
*[[Anson Paul]]
*[[Reba Monica John]]
}}
| cinematography = J Kalyan
| editing = GB Venkatesh
| music = Vishnu Prasad
| studio = Rajshree Ventures
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2024|12|27}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Mazaiyil Nanaigiren''''' ({{Translation|I'm getting wet in the rain}}) is a 2024 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film written and directed by T Suresh Kumar with its dialogues being penned by [[Viji (screenwriter)|Viji]] and Kavin Pandiyan. The film stars [[Anson Paul]] and [[Reba Monica John]] in the lead roles alongside Mathew Varghese, [[Anupama Kumar]], Sankarguru Raja, Sujatha Panju, Vetrivel Raja, Kishore Kumar and others in supporting roles. The film is produced by Sreevidhya Rajesh and B. Rajesh Kumar under their Rajshree Ventures banner, while the technical crew consists of cinematographer J. Kalyan, editor GB Venkatesh, and music composer Vishnu Prasad.

''Mazaiyil Nanaigiren'' was released in theatres on 27 December 2024.

== Plot ==
A wealthy Christian man pursues an ambitious Brahmin woman who initially rejects him to study in the U.S. His chance encounter with her sister leads the woman to reconsider and ultimately confess her love.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Anson Paul]] as Jeeva Sebastian
* [[Reba Monica John]] as Aishwarya
* Mathew Varghese
* [[Anupama Kumar]]
* Sankarguru Raja
* Sujatha Panju
* Vetrivel Raja
* Kishore Kumar
}}

== Production ==

=== Development ===
On 24 November 2019, actor [[Vijay Sethupathi]] launched the first-look poster of [[Remo (film)|''Remo'']] (2016) and [[90 ML (2019 Tamil film)|''90 ML'']] (2019) fame [[Anson Paul]] and ''[[Bigil]]'' (2019) fame [[Reba Monica John]]'s<ref>{{Cite web |title=BIGIL Actress Reba John Says Her Role In The Film Will Always Be Memorable! |url=https://jfwonline.com/article/bigil-actress-reba-john-says-her-role-in-the-film-will-always-be-memorable/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624225041/https://jfwonline.com/article/bigil-actress-reba-john-says-her-role-in-the-film-will-always-be-memorable/ |archive-date=24 June 2024 |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=JFW Just for women |language=en}}</ref> upcoming film titled ''Mazayil Nanaigiren'', written and directed by T. Suresh Kumar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=2024-11-28 |title=Trailer of Anson Paul-Reba John's Mazaiyil Nanaigiren out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Nov/28/trailer-of-anson-paul-reba-johns-mazaiyil-nanaigiren-out |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> The film consists of an ensemble cast including Mathew Varghese, [[Anupama Kumar]], Sankarguru Raja, Sujatha Panju, Vetrivel Raja, Kishore Kumar and others in supporting roles.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=2024-11-27 |title=Anson Paul-Reba John's Mazaiyil Nanaigiren trailer to be out on this date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Nov/27/anson-paul-reba-johns-mazaiyil-nanaigiren-trailer-to-be-out-on-this-date |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> The film has dialogues penned by [[Viji (screenwriter)|Viji]] and Kavin Pandiyan and produced by Sreevidhya Rajesh and B. Rajesh Kumar under their Rajshree Ventures banner,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-10-11 |title=Mazaiyil Nanaigiren release special poster for Ayudha Pooja |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Oct/11/mazaiyil-nanaigiren-release-special-poster-for-ayudha-pooja |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> while the technical crew consists of cinematographer J. Kalyan, editor GB Venkatesh, and music composer Vishnu Prasad.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-06-02 |title=Mazaiyil Nanaigiren teaser: Love that hurts |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Jun/02/mazaiyil-nanaigiren-teaser-love-that-hurts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623180246/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Jun/02/mazaiyil-nanaigiren-teaser-love-that-hurts |archive-date=23 June 2024 |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>

=== Filming ===
[[Principal photography]] predominantly took place in [[Chennai]], with song portions being shot in [[Aravalli Hills]] and [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] and got wrapped in early September 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=migrator |date=2019-09-05 |title=Mazhaiyil Nanaigiren's story deals with mature love: Director |url=https://www.dtnext.in/cinema/2019/09/05/mazhaiyil-nanaigirens-story-deals-with-mature-love-director |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=www.dtnext.in |language=en}}</ref> The film was in the dubbing stage during the launch event.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2019-11-24 |title=Vijay Sethupathi launches the first look of Mazaiyil Nanaigiren |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/vijay-sethupathi-launches-the-first-look-of-mazhaiyil-nanaigiren/articleshow/70989808.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126211532/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/vijay-sethupathi-launches-the-first-look-of-mazhaiyil-nanaigiren/articleshow/70989808.cms |archive-date=26 January 2021 |access-date=2024-11-28 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Music ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Mazaiyil Nananigiren
| type = soundtrack
| artist = Vishnu Prasad
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = {{Duration|m=25|s=09}}
| language = Tamil
| label = [[Zee Music Company|Zee Music South]]
| producer = Vishnu Prasad
| misc = {{Singles
|single1 = Un Kadhal Paarvai
|single1date = 10 July 2024
|single2 = Jolly Thaan Joli
|single2date = 5 December 2024
|single3 = Naatkal Azhagai Maari Poguthey
|single3date = 9 December 2024
}}
{{external music video| header = Mazaiyil Nanaigiren - Full Album
|{{YouTube|KzzKLUTUPMc|Mazaiyil Nanaigiren - Full Album}}}}
}}

The soundtrack and background are scored by Vishnu Prasad.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-07-09 |title=First single from Mazaiyil Nanaigiren to be out on this date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Jul/09/first-single-from-mazaiyil-nanaigiren-to-be-out-on-this-date |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725185031/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Jul/09/first-single-from-mazaiyil-nanaigiren-to-be-out-on-this-date |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> The first single "Un Kadhal Paarvai" released on 10 July 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-07-11 |title='Un Kadhal Paarvai' from Mazaiyil Nanaigiren out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Jul/11/un-kadhal-paarvai-from-mazaiyil-nanaigiren-out |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240721014445/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Jul/11/un-kadhal-paarvai-from-mazaiyil-nanaigiren-out |archive-date=21 July 2024 |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> The second video single "Jolly Thaan Joli" released on 5 December 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-12-05 |title='Jolly Thaan Joli' song from Mazaiyil Nanaigiren out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Dec/05/jolly-thaan-joli-song-from-mazaiyil-nanaigiren-out |access-date=2024-12-05 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> The third single "Naatkal Azhagai Maari Poguthey" was released on 9 December 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-12-10 |title='Naatkal Azhagai Maari Poguthey' song from Mazaiyil Nanaigiren out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Dec/10/naatkal-azhagai-maari-poguthey-song-from-mazaiyil-nanaigiren-out |access-date=2024-12-10 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 25:09
| all_lyrics = Lalithanand
| title1 = Jolly Thaan Joli
| length1 = 4:37
| extra1 = [[Naresh Iyer]]
| title2 = Naatkal Azhagai Maari Poguthey
| length2 = 4:20
| extra2 = [[Shweta Mohan]]
| title3 = Un Kadhal Paarvai
| length3 = 4:22
| extra3 = [[Haricharan]], Sreevidhya Rajesh
| title4 = Kuraveetu Kozhi
| length4 = 2:59
| extra4 = Gaana Balachander
| title5 = Vettai Aadum Vizhigal
| length5 = 4:34
| extra5 = Sreevidhya Rajesh, Vishnu Prasad
| title6 = Kaalam Irukkum Varai
| length6 = 4:17
| extra6 = [[K. S. Chithra]], Vishnu Prasad
}}

== Release ==
=== Theatrical ===
''Mazaiyil Nanaigiren'' was released in theatres on 27 December 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=2024-12-16 |title=Mazaiyil Nanaigiren gets a new release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Dec/16/mazaiyil-nanaigiren-gets-a-new-release-date |access-date=2024-12-16 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> Initially, it was scheduled for 12 December 2024, but was postponed to the current date due to the Orange Alert issued to several districts in Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=2024-12-11 |title=Mazaiyil Nanaigiren release postponed due to rains |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Dec/11/mazaiyil-nanaigiren-release-postponed-due-to-rains |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>

== Reception ==
=== Critical response ===
A critic of ''[[Dinamalar]]'' rated the film 2.5/5 stars, criticizing the routine story and the clichéd scenes, but praised the performances of the lead actors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=மழையில் நனைகிறேன் - விமர்சனம் {2.5/5} : மழையில் நனைகிறேன் - தூறலில்.. - Mazaiyil Nanaigiren |url=https://cinema.dinamalar.com/movie-review/3517/Mazaiyil-Nanaigiren/ |access-date=2025-01-01 |website=cinema.dinamalar.com |language=en}}{{rating|2.5|5}}</ref> Thinkal Menon of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave 2/5 stars and wrote "Some of the scenes involving the lead actors that happen after a major conflict appear decent when compared to other sequences that are written and performed generically. The uninspiring writing is such that we seldom come across such enjoyable, slice-of-life moments in the film."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Mazaiyil Nanaigiren Movie Review : An uninspiring romantic drama |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/mazaiyil-nanaigiren/movie-review/116648259.cms |access-date=2024-12-26 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}{{rating|2|5}}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt11203938}}

[[Category:2024 films]]
[[Category:2024 Indian films]]
[[Category:2024 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Chennai]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Hai Junoon!

2026-04-14T22:06:46Z

MHNNoella384131: done

{{Short description|2025 Indian television series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Hai Junoon!.jpg
| caption =
| genre = {{Plainlist|
* [[Musical film|Musical]]
* [[Drama (film and television)|Drama]]
}}
| based_on =
| writer =
| director = [[Abhishek Sharma (director)|Abhishek Sharma]]
| presenter =
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Neil Nitin Mukesh]]
* [[Jacqueline Fernandez]]
}}
| theme_music_composer =
| music = [[Shankar Mahadevan]]
| open_theme =
| end_theme =
| composer =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 
| num_episodes = 20 
| list_episodes =
| producer = {{ubl|Aditya Bhat|Sagar Thakkar | Shekhar Yadav | Karan Bijlani}}
| location = [[Mumbai]]
| cinematography = Amarjeet Singh
| editor = {{ubl|Gaurav Arora|Jugal Shah|Ankussh Das|Ajay Mojidra}}
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 21–43 minutes
| company = Jio Creative Lab
| budget =
| network = [[Disney+ Hotstar|JioHotstar]]
| released =
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|2025|05|16}}
| last_aired = 
| related =
}}
'''''Hai Junoon! Dream. Dare. Dominate.''''' ({{Translation|There is Passion!}}) is a 2025 Indian [[Musical film|musical]] [[Drama (film and television)|drama]] television series directed by [[Abhishek Sharma (director)|Abhishek Sharma]]. Produced under Jio Creative Lab, it stars [[Neil Nitin Mukesh]] and [[Jacqueline Fernandez]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Hai Junoon Trailer: Neil Nitin Mukesh and Jacqueline Fernandez face-off in this musical dance-drama |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/hindi/news/2025/May/02/hai-junoon-trailer-neil-nitin-mukesh-and-jacqueline-fernandez-face-off-in-this-musical-dance-drama |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=2 May 2025|access-date=3 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250504072703/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/hindi/news/2025/May/02/hai-junoon-trailer-neil-nitin-mukesh-and-jacqueline-fernandez-face-off-in-this-musical-dance-drama|archive-date=4 May 2025|url-status=live}}</ref> The series premiered on 16 May 2025 on [[Disney+ Hotstar|JioHotstar]].<ref>{{cite web |title=DT Next Watchlist: From 'Hai Junoon' to 'Motorheads', check out OTT releases dropping this May 2025 weekend |url=https://www.dtnext.in/entertainment/cinema/dt-next-watchlist-from-hai-junoon-to-motorheads-check-out-ott-releases-dropping-this-may-2025-weekend-833504 |website=[[DT Next]] |date=14 May 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250723064428/https://www.dtnext.in/entertainment/cinema/dt-next-watchlist-from-hai-junoon-to-motorheads-check-out-ott-releases-dropping-this-may-2025-weekend-833504|archive-date=23 July 2025|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Cast ==
* [[Neil Nitin Mukesh]] as Gagan Ahuja
* [[Boman Irani]] as Professor Iyer
* [[Jacqueline Fernandez]] as Pearl Saldanha
* [[Sumedh Mudgalkar]] as Subhash "Sebi" Mhatre
* [[Siddharth Nigam]] as Bikram Singh
* Priyank Sharma as Kushal Lal
* [[Yukti Thareja]] as Swati
* Santana Roach as Shonali Agrawal
* Elisha Mayor as Munmun Chowdhary
* Saachi Bindra as Adah Shaikh
* [[Anusha Mani]] as Charulaxmi Iyer
* Aryan Katoch as SRK
* Bhavin Bhanushali as Ashutosh Jha
* Mohan Pandey as Jasmeet "Jazz"
* Devangshi Sen as Tahira Singh
* Sanchit Kundra as Tuhin
* Arnav Maggo as Saransh Dogra
* [[Kunwar Amar]] as Rohit
* [[Sharon Prabhakar]] as Dean Dr. Grace D'Souza
* Manan Kapur as Aryan
* Adrija Sinha as Mehak
* Purva Parag as Sebi's Mom
* [[Prachee Shah Paandya]] as Kush's Mom
* Aditya Rana as Aneesh Menon
* Kapil Kumar as Swati's Father
* [[Raghu Ram]] as MAK
* [[Shazahn Padamsee]] as Kritika (extended cameo)
* [[Anushka Sen]] as Natasha (cameo)
* [[Elnaaz Norouzi]] as Goldie (cameo)
* [[Mahesh Thakur]] as Sumer Sheikh (cameo)
* Rajesh Balwani as Brandy (cameo)
* [[Bosco–Caesar|Bosco Martis]] as Judge (cameo)
* [[Antara Mitra]] as Judge (cameo)
* [[Shankar Mahadevan]] as chief guest (cameo)
* [[Shiamak Davar]] as chief guest (cameo)

== Episodes ==
{{Episode table |background=3C5792 |season= |title= |director= |writer= |airdate= |episodes={{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 1
|Title = Lekar Hum Deewana Dil
|RTitle =
|DirectedBy = {{ubl|Abhishek Sharma|Aditya Bhat}}
|WrittenBy ={{ubl|Vivian Chettiar|Sumedha Dogra|Rajdeep Ghosh|Ankit K. Sharma|Nishank Verma|Aditya Bhat}}
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=y|2025|5|16}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 3C5792
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 2
|Title = Rahen Na Rahen Hum
|RTitle =
|DirectedBy = {{ubl|Abhishek Sharma|Aditya Bhat}}
|WrittenBy = {{ubl|Vivian Chettiar|Sumedha Dogra|Rajdeep Ghosh|Ankit K. Sharma|Nishank Verma|Aditya Bhat}}
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=y|2025|5|16}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 3C5792
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 3
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|Title = Duniya Se Nahi Darega
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|WrittenBy = {{ubl|Vivian Chettiar|Sumedha Dogra|Rajdeep Ghosh|Ankit K. Sharma|Nishank Verma|Aditya Bhat}}
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|WrittenBy = {{ubl|Vivian Chettiar|Sumedha Dogra|Rajdeep Ghosh|Ankit K. Sharma|Nishank Verma|Aditya Bhat}}
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|WrittenBy = {{ubl|Vivian Chettiar|Sumedha Dogra|Rajdeep Ghosh|Ankit K. Sharma|Nishank Verma|Aditya Bhat}}
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== Production ==

=== Development ===
[[Neil Nitin Mukesh]] had earlier expressed his interest on acting in a [[web series]] following the popularity of [[Over-the-top media service|OTT platforms]] post the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. Though he had received many offers to act in web series, Neil felt that most of them were repetitive and either were emulated or rehashed from successful web television shows. When he received the offer for this show, he felt excited as it was an opportunity to collaborate with artistes across all mediums, platforms, age groups and generations and an effort to make something unique, as it was based on the music and dance backdrop.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Seta |first=Keyur |date=2025-05-16 |title=EXCLUSIVE: Neil Nitin Mukesh on choosing Hai Junoon as OTT debut, “Earlier offers were repetitive, a few of them didn’t have any relevance” |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/exclusive-neil-nitin-mukesh-choosing-hai-junoon-ott-debut-earlier-offers-repetitive-didnt-relevance/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250519080342/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/exclusive-neil-nitin-mukesh-choosing-hai-junoon-ott-debut-earlier-offers-repetitive-didnt-relevance/ |archive-date=2025-05-19 |access-date=2026-03-16 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |language=en}}</ref>

As Neil himself came from the musical lineage, he considered the show as an homage towards his grandfather and legendary playback singer [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-05-08 |title=Neil Nitin Mukesh on preparing for ‘Hai Junoon’: ‘Music runs in my blood’ |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/neil-nitin-mukesh-hai-junoon-hotstar-jacqueline-fernandez/article69552922.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250509175112/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/neil-nitin-mukesh-hai-junoon-hotstar-jacqueline-fernandez/article69552922.ece |archive-date=2025-05-09 |access-date=2026-03-16 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He added "As far as my character Gagan Ahuja’s journey is concerned, my own journey and personal struggles have taught and provided me with so much of experience. When I read the character, I could relate with its arcing and lifespan. So, I said I want to be a part of this show."<ref name=":0" /> His character was a pianist, something which Neil had related to, as he used to play piano in his earlier days. He further added that director [[Abhishek Sharma (director)|Abhishek Sharma]] and fellow showrunners Aditya Bhat and Sagar Thakkar fought for him to play the lead role.<ref>{{Cite web |last=K. Jha |first=Subhash |date=2025-05-19 |title=Neil Nitin Mukesh on bagging Hai Junoon, “Aditya Bhatt, Sagar Thakkar and Abhishek Sharma literally fought for me to be a part of this show” |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/neil-nitin-mukesh-bagging-hai-junoon-aditya-bhatt-sagar-thakkar-abhishek-sharma-literally-fought-part-show/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250520034439/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/neil-nitin-mukesh-bagging-hai-junoon-aditya-bhatt-sagar-thakkar-abhishek-sharma-literally-fought-part-show/ |archive-date=2025-05-20 |access-date=2026-03-16 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |language=en}}</ref>

[[Jacqueline Fernandez]] was cast as the parallel lead and a mentor of the rival group, the Misfits and [[Boman Irani]], [[Sumedh Mudgalkar]], [[Siddharth Nigam]] and [[Yukti Thareja]] were cast in important roles.<ref name=":0" />

=== Filming ===
[[Principal photography]] of the series commenced in November 2023,<ref>{{cite web |last=Vasudevan |first=Aishwarya |title=Jacqueline Fernandez set to make her web series debut with JioCinema's G.O.A.T. |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/jacqueline-fernandez-set-to-make-her-web-series-debut-with-jiocinemas-goat/6b46d7bbba585 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |date=20 November 2023|access-date=16 March 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522211419/https://www.ottplay.com/news/jacqueline-fernandez-set-to-make-her-web-series-debut-with-jiocinemas-goat/6b46d7bbba585|archive-date=22 May 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> and filming ended in July 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jacqueline Fernandez and Neil Nitin Mukesh to make their OTT debut in a web-series titled Goats |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/jacqueline-fernandez-neil-nitin-mukesh-make-ott-debut-web-series-titled-goats/ |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=29 July 2024|access-date=29 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428225405/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/jacqueline-fernandez-neil-nitin-mukesh-make-ott-debut-web-series-titled-goats/|archive-date=28 April 2025|url-status=live}}</ref> The filming took place in [[Mumbai]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Bhatnagar |first=Akash |title=Exclusive: It's Jacqueliene Fernandez vs Neil Nitin Mukesh in a musical setting |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/exclusive-its-jacqueliene-fernandez-vs-neil-nitin-mukesh-in-a-musical-setting-101719213070474.html |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=24 June 2024|access-date=24 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910220030/https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/exclusive-its-jacqueliene-fernandez-vs-neil-nitin-mukesh-in-a-musical-setting-101719213070474.html|archive-date=10 September 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=GOAT web series: Jacqueline Fernandez will bring a vibrant track to the screen with 200 dancers |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/web-series/article/goat-web-series-jacqueline-fernandez-will-bring-a-vibrant-track-to-the-screen-with-200-dancers-23365327 |website=[[Mid-Day]] |date=18 July 2024|access-date=20 July 2024|last=Basu|first=Mohar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250716135952/https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/web-series/article/goat-web-series-jacqueline-fernandez-will-bring-a-vibrant-track-to-the-screen-with-200-dancers-23365327|archive-date=16 July 2025|url-status=live}}</ref> Neil added that as opposed to films', the web series provide ample time to evolve the characters and provide an arc, but he found the non-linear format to be a bit challenging as he had to remember what they shot and which turns out to be the characters' first scene. He ended up maintaning a notebook during the shoot to point down the characters' journey and their evolution on different points and maintained the same till the shoot.<ref name=":0" />

A song featuring Fernandez was shot at Shiloh Bar in [[Andheri]], which was choreographed by Ruel Dausan Varandani and featured around 200 dancers as the song blended numerous dance genres and served as the turning point in the story.<ref name=":1" /> The series was initially titled ''GOATS'' but was later renamed to ''Hai Junoon'', which was named after a song from Neil's film ''[[New York (2009 film)|New York]]'' (2009).<ref>{{cite web |title=GOATS logo out: Jacqueline Fernandez, Neil Nitin Mukesh to star in new series |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/ott/goats-logo-out-jacqueline-fernandez-neil-nitin-mukesh-to-star-in-new-series-1503341988.html |website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |date=11 September 2024|access-date=11 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241014050643/https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/ott/goats-logo-out-jacqueline-fernandez-neil-nitin-mukesh-to-star-in-new-series-1503341988.html|archive-date=14 October 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hai Junoon: Neil Nitin Mukesh and Jacqueline Fernandez bring musical drama! |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/ott/hai-junoon-neil-nitin-mukesh-and-jacqueline-fernandez-bring-musical-drama-1503421793.html |website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |date=18 April 2025|access-date=19 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250505064312/https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/ott/hai-junoon-neil-nitin-mukesh-and-jacqueline-fernandez-bring-musical-drama-1503421793.html|archive-date=5 May 2025|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
{{Main|Hai Junoon! (soundtrack)}}
The soundtrack for ''Hai Junoon!'' is composed by [[Shankar Mahadevan]].<ref>{{cite web |title='Hai Junoon' drops 40-song musical epic starring Jacqueline & Neil |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/hai-junoon-drops-40-song-musical-epic-starring-jacqueline-neil-1503426689.html |website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |date=30 April 2025|access-date=1 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250618232539/https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/hai-junoon-drops-40-song-musical-epic-starring-jacqueline-neil-1503426689.html|archive-date=18 June 2025|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hai Junoon! (Original Series Soundtrack) by Various Artists on Apple Music |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/hai-junoon-original-series-soundtrack/1814781854 |website=[[Apple Music]] |date=30 April 2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260316115405/https://music.apple.com/in/album/hai-junoon-original-series-soundtrack/1814781854 |archive-date=16 March 2026 |access-date=1 May 2025 }}</ref> The musical event was attended by the cast.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jacqueline's Musical Night with Sonu, Shankar, Shaan |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/watch-sonu-shankar-shaan-sing/20250514.htm |website=[[Rediff.com]] |date=14 May 2025|access-date=15 May 2025|last=Harisinghani|first=Hitesh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250718040112/https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/watch-sonu-shankar-shaan-sing/20250514.htm|archive-date=18 July 2025|url-status=live|last2=Dayatar|first2=Afsar}}</ref>

== Release ==
''Hai Junoon!'' premiered on [[JioHotstar]] on 16 May 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-12 |title=Hai Junoon to Curfew, a look at OTT releases of the week |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/ott/hai-junoon-to-curfew-a-look-at-ott-releases-of-the-week-2025-05-12-990036 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250725210519/https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/ott/hai-junoon-to-curfew-a-look-at-ott-releases-of-the-week-2025-05-12-990036 |archive-date=2025-07-25 |access-date=2026-03-16 |website=[[India TV News]] |language=en}}</ref>

== Reception ==
Pranati A S of ''[[Deccan Herald]]'' summarized "'Hai Junoon' will remind you of the teen-dramas that were popular during the mid '00s on the TV channels [[Star One (TV channel)|Star One]] and [[Channel V]]. It offers nothing new, apart from tackling issues that are comparatively newer. Student elections, campaigning, pretentious conversations, betrayal, social media influencers and romance, along with lots of dance rehearsals and song practices — after a point you're just tired of listening to covers of old songs. On the brighter side, the series tries to show how we are all fighting our own battles — the intensity of each is individual. And it also tries to promote mental health."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/hai-junoon-movie-review-ambitious-cliched-musical-with-rehashed-tunes-3544574 |title='Hai Junoon!' movie review: Ambitious, cliched musical with rehashed tunes |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |date=17 May 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|last=A S|first=Pranati|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250613232404/https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/hai-junoon-movie-review-ambitious-cliched-musical-with-rehashed-tunes-3544574|archive-date=13 June 2025|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deepa Gahlot]] of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' said, "With its music made for dancing, ''Hai Junoon'' is aimed at a Gen Z audience. If this mindless fluff is what works with them, so be it; their parents can worry. After they have recovered from hitting the wall of ''deja vu'' head on!"<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/hai-junoon-review/20250516.htm | title=Hai Junoon Review: Mindless Fluff |website=[[Rediff.com]] |date=16 May 2025|access-date=19 May 2025|last=Gahlot|first=Deepa|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250524125214/https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/hai-junoon-review/20250516.htm|archive-date=24 May 2025|url-status=live|author-link=Deepa Gahlot}}</ref>

Archika Khurana of ''[[The Times of India]]'' wrote "To conclude, ''Hai Junoon'' is not a revolutionary musical drama, but it has enough soul, rhythm, and spirited performances to be an enjoyable watch—especially for fans of music, dance, and campus-based storytelling. It may not ''dominate'', but it certainly ''dares'' and ''dreams''. A decent, binge-worthy series."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khurana |first=Archika |date=2025-05-19 |title=Hai Junoon Sesaon 1 Review: A high-spirited musical with uneven notes |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/hindi/hai-junoon/hai-junoon-sesaon-1/seasonreview/121120349.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251231134109/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/hindi/hai-junoon/hai-junoon-sesaon-1/seasonreview/121120349.cms |archive-date=2025-12-31 |access-date=2025-05-25 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Nonika Singh of ''[[The Tribune (India)|The Tribune]]'' wrote "There are flaws, but the passion behind the making of ‘Hai Junoon’ makes it more than watchable."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Nonika |date=2025-05-17 |title=Need Junoon for song-dance drama |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/movie-review/need-junoon-for-song-dance-drama/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250523194605/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/movie-review/need-junoon-for-song-dance-drama/ |archive-date=2025-05-23 |access-date=2026-03-16 |website=[[The Tribune (India)|The Tribune]] |language=en}}</ref> Nirali Kanabar of ''[[Times Now]]'' wrote "All in all, ''Hai Junoon'' is a good concept that struggles under its ambition. The series deserves credit for addressing socially relevant issues, but the execution falls flat. A tighter narrative could've made this musical drama worth watching."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kanabar |first=Nirali |date=2025-05-19 |title=Hai Junoon Review: Neil Nitin Mukesh, Jacqueline Fernandez Series Has Thoughtful Premise That Struggles Under Its Ambition |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/reviews/hai-junoon-review-neil-nitin-mukesh-jacqueline-fernandez-series-has-thoughtful-premise-that-struggles-under-its-ambition-review-151651050 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250619164527/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/reviews/hai-junoon-review-neil-nitin-mukesh-jacqueline-fernandez-series-has-thoughtful-premise-that-struggles-under-its-ambition-review-151651050 |archive-date=2025-06-19 |access-date=2026-03-16 |website=[[Times Now]] |language=en}}</ref>

Chirag Sehgal of ''[[News18]]'' wrote "Ultimately, Hai Junoon struggles to hold the audience’s attention — not due to a lack of talent or potential, but because the storytelling fails to deliver with clarity and cohesion."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sehgal |first=Chirag |date=2025-05-16 |title=Hai Junoon Review: Neil Nitin Mukesh, Jacqueline Fernandez Show Suffers Due To Lazy Writing |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/hai-junoon-review-neil-nitin-mukesh-jacqueline-fernandez-show-suffers-due-to-lazy-writing-ws-l-9339626.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250816165340/https://www.news18.com/movies/hai-junoon-review-neil-nitin-mukesh-jacqueline-fernandez-show-suffers-due-to-lazy-writing-ws-l-9339626.html |archive-date=2025-08-16 |access-date=2026-03-16 |website=[[News18]]}}</ref> Hardika Gupta of ''[[NDTV]]'' wrote "''Hai Junoon: Dream, Dare, Dominate'' is a sprawling, uneven series that tries to do too much with too little focus. Its heart is in the right place - championing passion, inclusivity, and self-expression - but the execution feels overstuffed, inconsistent, and lacking in narrative discipline. What could have been an inspiring ode to youthful dreams ends up feeling like a choreographed slog. For those craving a musical drama, the show offers sporadic moments of enjoyment, but it rarely sustains interest or delivers on its promise. With stronger writing, tighter editing, and more authentic character development, this series might have soared. Instead, it limps across the finish line."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Hardika |date=2025-05-17 |title=Hai Junoon Review: A Symphony Of Flaws Wrapped In Bollywood Beats |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/hai-junoon-review-a-symphony-of-flaws-wrapped-in-bollywood-beats-1-5-stars-8436263 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260215102305/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/hai-junoon-review-a-symphony-of-flaws-wrapped-in-bollywood-beats-1-5-stars-8436263 |archive-date=2026-02-15 |access-date=2026-03-16 |website=[[NDTV]]}}</ref> Aishwarya Vasudevan of ''[[OTTPlay]]'' wrote "''Hai Junoon'' attempts to embrace a unique rhythm, yet ultimately treads on its own boundaries. While it claims to be a symphony of passion and inclusivity, it often feels like noise in search of a melody. Despite some foot-tapping numbers, the show hits more sour notes than high ones. This ''junoon'' fizzles out long before the final bow."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vasudevan |first=Aishwarya |date=2025-05-19 |title=Hai Junoon review: When ‘breaking stereotypes’ becomes the biggest cliché |url=https://www.ottplay.com/review/hai-junoon-review-jacqueline-fernandez-neil-nitin-mukesh-sumedh-mudgalkar/e9758302d2582 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250619003450/https://www.ottplay.com/review/hai-junoon-review-jacqueline-fernandez-neil-nitin-mukesh-sumedh-mudgalkar/e9758302d2582 |archive-date=2025-06-19 |access-date=2026-03-16 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|id=33364331|title=Hai Junoon! Dream. Dare. Dominate.}}
* [https://www.hotstar.com/in/shows/hai-junoon-dream-dare-dominate/1271407870 ''Hai Junoon! Dream. Dare. Dominate.''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250516152135/https://www.hotstar.com/in/shows/hai-junoon-dream-dare-dominate/1271407870 |date=16 May 2025 }} on [[Disney+ Hotstar|JioHotstar]]

{{Portal bar|India|Television}}

[[Category:Hindi-language Disney+ Hotstar original programming]]
[[Category:2020s Indian television series]]
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]
[[Category:Indian musical television series]]
[[Category:Indian drama television series]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Mumbai]]
[[Category:2025 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:2025 Indian television series endings]]

Manihari Assembly constituency

2026-04-14T03:29:14Z

MHNNoella384131: made new data...

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Manihari
| type = SLA
| map_image = 67-Manihari constituency.svg
| map_caption =
| map_alt =
| mla = [[Manohar Prasad Singh]]
| party = {{Party index link|Indian National Congress}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)}}
| latest_election_year = [[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2025]] 
| preceded_by = Vishwanath Singh
| region =
| state = [[Bihar]]
| district = [[Katihar district|Katihar]]
| division =
| loksabha_cons = [[Katihar Lok Sabha constituency|Katihar]]
| constituency_no = [[List of constituencies of the Bihar Legislative Assembly|67]]
| established = 1951
| electors = 297,676
| reservation = ST
| abolished = 
}}

'''Manihari Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Katihar district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Bihar]]. It is reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|scheduled tribes]] now, but earlier was an open seat.

==Overview==
As per Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008, No 67. Manihari Assembly constituency (ST) is composed of the following: [[Manihari]], Mansahi and Amdabad [[Community Development Block in India|community development blocks]].<ref name=commission>{{cite web|url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |title = Schedule – XIII of Constituencies Order, 2008 of Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008 of the Election Commission of India|work= Schedule VI Bihar, Part A – Assembly constituencies, Part B – Parliamentary constituencies |publisher = |accessdate = 2011-01-10 }}</ref>

Manihari Assembly constituency is part of No 11 [[Katihar Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name=commission/> Muslims, particularly [[Shershabadia]]s, are the largest community in this constituency with 41% of the population in 2011. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 7% and 13% of the population in 2011.

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Name<ref name="prevMLAs">{{Cite web |title=Manihari Election and Results 2020, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up, Current MLA and Previous MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/bihar/assembly-constituencies/manihari.html |access-date= |website=Elections in India}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
|[[1952 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1952]]
|Parwathi Devi
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1957 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
| rowspan="4" |Yuvraj
| {{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[1962 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
|-
|[[1967 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|-
|[[1972 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|{{Full party name with color|Samyukta Socialist Party}}
|-
|[[1977 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
| rowspan="2" |Ram Sipahi Yadav
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[1980 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
|-
|[[1985 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
|Mubarak Hussain
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1990 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
|Vishwanath Singh
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
|[[1995 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
|Mubarak Hussain
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[2000 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2000]]
|Vishwanath Singh
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)| dab=yes}}
|-
|[[February 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2005]]
| rowspan="2" |Mubarak Hussain
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[October 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2005]]*
|-
|2006^
|Vishwanath Singh
| {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)|dab=y|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2010]]
|rowspan="4" |[[Manohar Prasad Singh]]
|-
|[[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2015]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" rowspan=3 |
|rowspan="3" |[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|[[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2020]]
|-
|[[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2025]]
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Two elections took place in 2005, one in February and one in October

^denotes by-elections

==Election results==
=== 2025 ===
{{Election box begin |title=[[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]: Manihari}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Manohar Prasad Singh]]
|votes = {{formatnum:114754}}
|percentage = 48.16
|change = +2.35
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Janata Dal (United)
|candidate = Shambhu Prasad
|votes = {{formatnum:99586}}
|percentage = 41.8
|change = +7.69
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jan Suraaj Party
|candidate = Bablu Soren
|votes = {{formatnum:7647}}
|percentage = 3.21
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Nationalist Congress Party
|candidate = Saif Ali Khan
|votes = {{formatnum:4865}}
|percentage = 2.04
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party
|candidate = Ram Ratan Prasad
|votes = {{formatnum:3761}}
|percentage = 1.58
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Aam Aadmi Party
|candidate = Nalinee Mandal
|votes = {{formatnum:2738}}
|percentage = 1.15
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:2941}}
|percentage = 1.23
|change = -0.68
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:15168}}
|percentage = 6.36
|change = -5.34
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:238259}}
|percentage = 80.04
|change = +16.94
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2020 ===
{{Election box begin |title=[[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]: Manihari<ref name="prevMLAs"/>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Manohar Prasad Singh]]
|votes = {{formatnum:83032}}
|percentage = 45.81
|change = +7.12
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Janata Dal (United)
|candidate = Shambhu Suman
|votes = {{formatnum:61823}}
|percentage = 34.11
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Lok Janshakti Party
|candidate = Anil Kumar Oraon
|votes = {{formatnum:20441}}
|percentage = 11.28
|change = -18.84
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Rameshwar Hembram
|votes = {{formatnum:2568}}
|percentage = 1.42
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen
|candidate = Goreti Murmu
|votes = {{formatnum:2475}}
|percentage = 1.37
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Shobha Soren
|votes = {{formatnum:1840}}
|percentage = 1.02
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Minakshi Shweta
|votes = {{formatnum:1667}}
|percentage = 0.92
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:3456}}
|percentage = 1.91
|change = +1.14
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:21209}}
|percentage = 11.7
|change = +3.13
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:181260}}
|percentage = 63.1
|change = -1.3
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2015 ===
{{Election box begin
|title = [[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]: Manihari<ref name="election2015">{{cite web |date=2018-08-20 |title=Bihar General Legislative Election 2015 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3904-bihar-2015/ |website=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Manohar Prasad Singh
|votes = {{formatnum:61704}}
|percentage = 38.69
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Lok Janshakti Party
|candidate = Anil Kumar Oraon
|votes = {{formatnum:48024}}
|percentage = 30.12
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Nationalist Congress Party
|candidate = Gita Kisku
|votes = {{formatnum:7009}}
|percentage = 4.4
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Shiv Sena
|candidate = Nagendra Chandra Mandal
|votes = {{formatnum:6134}}
|percentage = 3.85
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Shambhu Kumar Suman
|votes = {{formatnum:6123}}
|percentage = 3.84
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Champay Kisku
|votes = {{formatnum:5723}}
|percentage = 3.59
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India
|candidate = Anirudh Prasad Singh
|votes = {{formatnum:5129}}
|percentage = 3.22
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Braj Lal Soren
|votes = {{formatnum:2976}}
|percentage = 1.87
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)
|candidate = Lila Madi
|votes = {{formatnum:1972}}
|percentage = 1.24
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Abhilashita Uraon
|votes = {{formatnum:1881}}
|percentage = 1.18
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Nirma Devi
|votes = {{formatnum:1873}}
|percentage = 1.17
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Social Democratic Party of India
|candidate = Prabhulal Uraon
|votes = {{formatnum:1817}}
|percentage = 1.14
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|candidate = Fulmani Hembram
|votes = {{formatnum:1779}}
|percentage = 1.12
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1233}}
|percentage = 0.77
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:13680}}
|percentage = 8.57
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:159465}}
|percentage = 64.4
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2010===
Source:<ref name="election2010">{{Cite web
|title = Manihari Election and Results 2020, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up, Current MLA and Previous MLAs
|url = https://www.elections.in/bihar/assembly-constituencies/manihari.html
|access-date=
|website = Elections in India
}}</ref>

In the [[2010 Bihar legislative assembly election|2010 state assembly elections]], Manohar Prasad Singh of [[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]] won the Minihari (ST) assembly seat defeating his nearest rival Gita Kisku of [[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]].<ref name="election2010" name="election2010-1">{{cite web| url = http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS0467.htm |title = Bihar - Manihari |work =Bihar Assembly Elections Nov 2010 Results | publisher = Election Commission of India|accessdate = 2011-01-10 }}</ref> Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners up are being mentioned. In the Manihari open constituency Mubarak Hussain of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] defeated Vishwanath Singh of JD(U) in [[Bihar Assembly Election, Oct 2005|October 2005]] and Sagir Ahmad of NCP in [[Bihar Assembly Election, Feb 2005|February 2005]]. Vishwanath Singh of JD(U) defeated Sagir Ahmad of NCP in 2000. Mubarak Hussain of Congress defeated Viswanath Singh of [[Janata dal|JD]] in 1995. Viswanath Singh of JD defeated Mubarak Hussain of Congress in 1990. Mubarak Hussain of Congress defeated Ram Sipahi Yadav of [[Janata Party|JP]] in 1985. Ram Sipahi Yadav of Janata Party (JP) defeated Mubarak Hussain of Congress in 1980. Ram Sipahi Yadav of JP defeated Amarnath Singh Yadav of Congress in 1977.<ref name="election1977">{{cite web| url = http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S04/partycomp146.htm
|title = 146 - Manihari Assembly Constituency |work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 | publisher = Election Commission of India|accessdate = 2011-01-15 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |title=Results of all Bihar Assembly elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/68-bihar/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}

{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Bihar}}
{{Purnia Division topics}}
{{coord|25|21|N|87|38|E|region:IN-BR|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Bihar]]
[[Category:Politics of Katihar district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in Bihar]]

Ameen Khan

2026-04-08T01:59:46Z

MHNNoella384131: Made New Article More To Come

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ameen Khan
| image =
| office = Member of [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2018
| term_end = 2023
| predecessor = [[Manvendra Singh]]
| successor = [[Ravindra Singh Bhati]]
| constituency = [[Sheo Assembly constituency|Sheo]]
| term_start1 = 2008
| term_end1 = 2013
| predecessor1 = [[Jalam Singh Rawlot]]
| successor1 = [[Manvendra Singh]]
| constituency1 = [[Sheo Assembly constituency|Sheo]]
| term_start2 = 1998
| term_end2 = 2003
| predecessor2 = Hari Singh
| successor2 = [[Jalam Singh Rawlot]]
| constituency2 = [[Sheo Assembly constituency|Sheo]]
| term_start3 = 1990
| term_end3 = 1993
| predecessor3 = [[Umed Singh (Rajasthan politician)|Umed Singh]]
| successor3 = Hari Singh
| constituency3 = [[Sheo Assembly constituency|Sheo]]
| term_start4 = 1980
| term_end4 = 1985
| predecessor4 = Kan Singh
| successor4 = [[Umed Singh (Rajasthan politician)|Umed Singh]]
| constituency4 = [[Sheo Assembly constituency|Sheo]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1939|01|15|df=y}}
| birth_place = Detani, [[Barmer, Rajasthan|Barmer]], [[Rajasthan]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]] (Suspended in April 2024 for 6 years – Rejoined in August 2025)<ref>{{cite web |title=Former Shiv MLA Ameen Khan Rejoins Congress, Recommended by Ummedaram Beniwal |url=https://news.e-raj.in/ameen-khan-rejoins-congress-party/ |date=12 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=पूर्व शिव विधायक अमीन खान फिर से कांग्रेस में शामिल हुए, उम्मेदाराम बेनीवाल ने की सिफारिश |url=https://news.e-raj.in/ameen-khan-rejoins-congress/ |date=12 August 2025}}</ref>
| website =
}}
'''Ameen Khan''' is an Indian politician from [[Rajasthan]]. He served as an MLA from the [[Sheo (Rajasthan Assembly constituency)|Sheo]] five times in the [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]]. He is a former cabinet minister in the [[Government of Rajasthan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://myneta.info/rajasthan2018/candidate.php?candidate_id=4403|title=Ameen Khan (Indian National Congress (INC))|website=MyNeta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india.com/uc/news/india/rajasthan-assembly-elections-results-2018-live-news-updates-counting-of-votes-bjp-congress-winners-election-commission-vidhan-sabha-3471651/?uc_news_item_id=3882769885614068&app=h5_card|title=Rajasthan Election Results 2018 News Updates: Congress Heads Towards Win; Sachin Pilot, Ashok Gehlot in CM Race|url-status=live|date=2018-12-11|website=India.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130172638/https://www.india.com/uc/news/india/rajasthan-assembly-elections-results-2018-live-news-updates-counting-of-votes-bjp-congress-winners-election-commission-vidhan-sabha-3471651/?uc_news_item_id=3882769885614068&app=h5_card |archive-date=30 January 2022 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Ameen}}
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1939 births]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1980–1985]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1990–1992]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1998–2003]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 2008–2013]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 2018–2023]]
[[Category:People from Barmer, Rajasthan]]

{{Rajasthan-INC-politician-stub}}

Ahom–Bengal Sultanate war

2026-04-07T16:24:32Z

MHNNoella384131: Redirect article

#REDIRECT [[Turbak's invasion of Assam]]

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Murgod

2026-03-26T11:51:51Z

MHNNoella384131: slightly corrected details to improve readability further and added references as per guidelines

{{Short description|Village in Karnataka, India}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Murgod ಮುರುಗೋಡು
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates = {{coord|15.78|N|75.12|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Belagavi]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Bailhongal]]
| subdivision_type3 = Assembly constituency
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| parts_type = [[Taluka]]s
| parts = [[Savadatti]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 11033
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 591 119
| registration_plate = KA 24 (Bailhongal)
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 08337
| website =
| footnotes =
| official_name =
}}

'''Murgod/Murugodu''' is a village in the southern state of [[Karnataka]] in India.<ref name="censusindia">Village code= 107400 {{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Village_Directory/Population_data/Population_5000_and_Above.aspx|title=Census of India : Villages with population 5000 & above |publisher=Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=2008-12-18}}</ref><ref name="yahoomaps">{{cite web|url=http://in.maps.yahoo.com|title=Yahoomaps India : Murgod, Belgaum, Karnataka|access-date=2008-12-18}}</ref> It is located in the [[Saundatti|Savadatti]] [[taluk]] of [[Belagavi district]] in Karnataka, 491 km from the capital [[Bengaluru]] and 54 km from district headquarters Belagavi.

==Demographics==

{{As of|2001}} India [[census]], Murgod has a population of 11,033 with 5,537 males and 5,496 females.<ref name="censusindia" />
Run in part by [[Gram panchayat|grama panchayath]], Murgod has 28 ward members, and good bus facilities. Located 11 km away from Bailhongal and 15 km from Yaragatti, three sides of the city are overshadowed by hills.

==Mythology==
At the time of [[Mahabharata]], Murgod was called ''Amarkalyan'' though the name was later changed to ''Threeshigapura'' (in Kannada it means ''Mooru-gudda''). Eventually, the name became Murgod.
Murgod is the holy place for Saint Basava and Shiva Avataar. Shri Mahant Duradhundishwara Math and '''Purnabrahamha Shri Shiv Chidambara Mahaswami''' Punya Kshetra attracts devotees across India.

Some other holy places in Murgod are "Shri Mallikarjuna Temple" which is built similarly to "Shrishail Mallikarjuna Temple". Its ancient architecture is very attractive.

'''"Pandavar Padi" (Pandavar Hill).''' There is a myth that, in the time of Mahabharath, Pandavas crossed through this village : that is the reason why it is called "Pandavara Padi".

'''"Siddappana Gavi"(Siddappa's Cave)''' when Yadeyur Siddalingeshwar came to this village, they stayed in this cave.

Other sites of interest around village are "Shri Kshetra Sogal", "Naveelathirth Dam Munavalli".

==Economy==
The population is engaged in agriculture and related activities. Cotton and [[jowar]] ([[sorghum]]) are suited to the semi-arid climate.

It is a center of commerce for the surrounding villages of Karimani, Rudrapur, Sogal, Somapur etc. In the village, there is a type of [[Bhelpuri|bhel]] called "Sangheet Khara".
[[Pottery]] is also a main craft for people of Murgod. Pottery made in this village is exported to Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh.
This village is famous for green [[bangle]]s. There is a huge market in Maharashtra, North Karnataka. Prathmik Krushi Pattin Shakari Shanga Ltd. Murgod is one of the best societies in Soundatti Taluka in an Agricultural Sector.
Corporation Bank, Shri Mahanteshwar Bank and Shri Chidambar co-op society are the major banks in Murgod. Shri Akkamahadevi co-op society, Shri Jyoti co-op society and Parishrama Pattina Sahakari Sangha, Nirantar Vivadoshagal Sahakari Co-Op Society are the other finance sectors.

==Education==

'''Shri Mahanteshwar Shikshana Samiti''' is a top education society in Murgod. It has a high school, a primary school, P U college (Arts), JODC (Job Oriented Diploma Course) and D.Ed. (Diploma in Education) courses. It was established 30 years back. It is working under the direction of Shri Mahant Shivoyogi and headed by Shri Neelakanth Mahaswamy.

'''Dr. B.R.Ambedkar High School'''.

'''Kannada Government Boys and Girls Primary School.'''

'''Shri Shiv Chidambareshwar Educational Institute''' which also provides good education to rural children.

'''Chidambareshwar Institute''' which has English middle as well as Kannada middle schools, this Institute is directed by Shri Shiv Chidambar Math.

== Notable people ==
* [[Balappa Hukkeri]] - Theatre personality, folk singer
* [[Renukamma Murugodu|Renukamma Murgod]] - Theatre and film actress
* [[Purushottamrao Yarazarvi [Rayaru]] - Santa's

==See also==
* [[Belagavi]]
* [[Districts of Karnataka]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* http://Belgaum.nic.in/

{{Settlements in Belgaum district}}

[[Category:Villages in Belagavi district]]

Death and state funeral of J. Jayalalithaa

2026-03-26T07:55:03Z

MHNNoella384131: Put Up A Bio

{{Short description|Death and state funeral of the 5th Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox event
|name = Death and state funeral of J. Jayalalithaa
|image = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 300
| image_style = border:1;
| perrow = 1/2/1/2
| image1 = The President, Shri Pranab Mukherjee paying tributes to the mortal remains of Ms. J. Jayalalithaa, in Chennai on December 06, 2016.jpg
| alt1 = President Pranab Mukherjee paid tributes to the mortal remains of J. Jayalalithaa
| image2 = The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi pays tributes to the mortal remains of Ms. J. Jayalalithaa, in Chennai on December 06, 2016 3.jpg
| alt2 = Prime Minister Narendra Modi pays tributes to the mortal remains of J. Jayalalithaa
| image3 = Amma memorial.jpg
| alt3 = Burial Site of the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu J. Jayalalithaa in December 2016
| image4 = MGRMemorial PegasusEntrance Full.jpg
| alt4 = Entrance of the resting place of J. Jayalalithaa
| footer = '''Top to bottom, left to right:'''

# President [[Pranab Mukherjee]] paid tributes to the mortal remains of J. Jayalalithaa
# Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] pays tributes to J. Jayalalithaa
# Burial Site of the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu J. Jayalalitha
# Entrance of the resting place of J. Jayalalithaa at [[Marina beach]]
}}
|date = {{ubl|{{Start date|df=yes|2016|12|05}}, at 23:30 ([[Indian Standard Time|IST]])|(death)|{{Start date|df=yes|2016|12|06}}|(state funeral and burial)}}
|location = {{ubl|[[Apollo Hospitals]], Chennai|(death)|[[Rajaji Hall]], Chennai|(lying-in-state)|[[M.G.R. and Amma Memorial]], Chennai|(resting place)}}
|coordinates = {{coord|13|3|47.502|N|80|15|5.7024|E|type:landmark|display=inline}}
|cause = Cardiac arrest
}}
On 5 December 2016, at 23:30 IST, [[J. Jayalalithaa]], [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu]] and the longest-serving [[General Secretary of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|general secretary]] of the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]], died of cardiac arrest in [[Chennai]], Tamil Nadu, at the age of 68. Jayalalithaa's death was publicly announced at 00:15 on 6 December 2016.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalithaa passes away |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/tamil-nadu-chief-minister-jayalalithaa-passes-away/articleshow/55813710.cms |access-date=23 August 2017 |work=economictimes |date=6 December 2016 |archive-date=7 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207183605/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/tamil-nadu-chief-minister-jayalalithaa-passes-away/articleshow/55813710.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> She was succeeded by her finance minister, [[O. Panneerselvam]].<ref name="indiatoday.intoday.in">{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/o-panneerselvam-jayalalitha-health-jayalalitha-news-tamil-nadu-355756-2016-12-05|title=Its official: AIADMK leaders choose O Panneerselvam as Jayalalithaas successor|access-date=2016-12-05|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220092003/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/o-panneerselvam-jayalalitha-health-jayalalitha-news-tamil-nadu/1/827128.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Government of India]] declared a one-day [[National day of mourning|national mourning]] with the national flag in all government buildings flying at half-mast.<ref name="jjuabh">{{cite news |last1=Ankita |first1=Bhandari |title=Central govt announces one-day mourning after Jayalalithaa's death |url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/tamil-nadu/central-govt-announces-one-day-mourning-after-jayalalithaas-death_1956239.html |access-date=17 December 2016 |work=[[Zee News]] |date=6 December 2016 |location=New Delhi |archive-date=21 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221033318/http://zeenews.india.com/news/tamil-nadu/central-govt-announces-one-day-mourning-after-jayalalithaas-death_1956239.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="jjuk">{{cite news |title=Jayalalithaa no more: Centre declares one-day mourning as mark of respect |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/politics/jayalalithaa-no-more-centre-declares-one-day-mourning-as-mark-of-respect/ |access-date=23 August 2017 |work=[[Asian News International|ANI]] |date=6 December 2016 |location=New Delhi |archive-date=25 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925080130/https://www.aninews.in/news/national/politics/jayalalithaa-no-more-centre-declares-one-day-mourning-as-mark-of-respect/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Government of Tamil Nadu]] observed a seven-day [[State funeral|state mourning period]] from 6 to 12 December 2016.<ref name="natmotn">{{cite news |title=Jayalalithaa death: Centre declares one-day national mourning for Amma, Tricolour to fly at half mast |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-dead-centre-declares-one-day-national-mourning-for-amma-4412903/ |access-date=17 December 2016 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=6 December 2016 |location=New Delhi |archive-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220195744/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-dead-centre-declares-one-day-national-mourning-for-amma-4412903/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Jayalalithaa's's [[lying in state]] took place in [[Rajaji Hall]] on 6 December 2016, during which time an estimated 1,000,000 people queued to pay their respects. It became one of the [[List of largest funerals|notable funerals]] in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 6, 2016|title=CM jayalalitha funeral attended by over 1 million Indians|url=https://timesofislamabad.com/06-Dec-2016/cm-jayalalitha-funeral-attended-by-over-1-million-indians|access-date=February 25, 2021|website=Times of Islamabad|archive-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219060301/https://timesofislamabad.com/06-Dec-2016/cm-jayalalitha-funeral-attended-by-over-1-million-indians|url-status=live}}</ref>

The state funeral service was held, and Jayalalithaa was buried next to her mentor [[M. G. Ramachandran]]'s cemetery at the [[M.G.R. and Amma Memorial]] Complex later that evening.

==Background==
On 22 September 2016, Jayalalithaa was admitted to [[Apollo Hospitals]] in Chennai at around 22:25 IST at night, reportedly suffering from an infection and acute [[dehydration]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/tamil-nadu/apollo-health-records-what-happened-jayalalithaa-september-22-december-5-58211#:~:text=The%20First%20Day,was%20inserted%20in%20her%20heart.|title=The Apollo health records: What happened to Jayalalithaa from September 22 to December 5 |date=6 March 2017 |newspaper=The News Minute|access-date=6 March 2017}}</ref> Her official duties were handed over to her minister [[O. Panneerselvam]] on 12 October 2016, though she continued to remain as the chief minister of the state.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/o-panneerselvam-to-hold-tamil-nadu-cm-jayalalithaas-portfolios/articleshow/54799672.cms |title=Panneerselvam to hold CM's portfolios |date=12 October 2016 |newspaper=The Economic Times |publisher=Economic time |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=6 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406181709/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/o-panneerselvam-to-hold-tamil-nadu-cm-jayalalithaas-portfolios/articleshow/54799672.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> She was also said to be suffering from a severe pulmonary infection and [[septicaemia]], which were cured. On 19 November 2016, she was shifted from the ICU to a private room in the normal ward of Apollo Hospital after nearly two months of treatment.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/191116/jayalalithaa-moved-out-of-icu-shifted-to-normal-ward-aiadmk.html|title=Jayalalithaa moved out of ICU, shifted to normal ward: AIADMK |date=19 November 2016|publisher=Deccan Chronicle|access-date=19 November 2016}}</ref> On 4 December 2016, she was re-admitted to the [[intensive care unit]] after suffering a cardiac arrest around 16:45 on the evening.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-38167021 |title=India's Jayaram Jayalalitha still 'critical' after heart attack |publisher=BBC |date=5 December 2016 |access-date=5 December 2016 |archive-date=5 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205092715/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-38167021 |url-status=live }}</ref> The hospital released a press statement stating that her condition was "very critical" and that she was on life support.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/jayalalithaas-health-status-live-cm-in-grave-situation-says-apollo-hospitals-md-3139806.html |title=CM in grave situation, says Apollo Hospitals MD |work=Firstpost |date=29 July 2015 |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref>

==Death and national mourning==
=== Death and announcement ===
[[File:J Jayalalithaa (1948 - 2016) Death Certificate.jpg|alt=J Jayalalithaa Death Certificate|thumb|[[Death certificate]] issued for J Jayalalithaa]]
On 6 December 2016 at around 0:15 IST, the hospital officially announced that she had died at 23:30 (5 December 2016) and she became the first [[List of female chief ministers in India|female chief minister]] to die in office in India.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/-ammaforever/story/jayalalithaa-death-amma-tributes-president-modi-mourning-tamil-nadu-holiday-355847-2016-12-05 |title=#AmmaForever: Tributes pour in after Jayalalithaa's death; 7-day mourning, 3-day holiday in Tamil Nadu |newspaper=India Today |date=5 December 2016}}</ref>

[[File:The flag of India at half-mast hoisted on THE RED FORT at the time of national mourning.jpg|alt=J Jayalalithaa Death Certificate|thumb|left|[[Government of India]] announced that the national flag would fly half-mast for one day in the capitals of all Indian states and union territories, including Delhi, as a mark of respect on her demise]]
[[Government of India]] declared a one-day [[National day of mourning|national mourning]] with the [[Flag of India|national flag]] in all government buildings flying at half-mast.<ref name="jjuabh"/><ref name="jjuk"/> While a seven-day [[State funeral|state mourning]] from 6 to 12 December 2016 was observed by [[Government of Tamil Nadu]],<ref name="natmotn"/> also three-day state mourning from 6 to 8 December 2016 were observed by [[Government of Kerala]]<ref name="jker">{{cite news |title=Three-day official mourning declared in Kerala after Jayalalithaa's demise |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2016/dec/06/three-day-official-mourning-declared-in-kerala-after-jayalalithaas-demise-1546234.html |access-date=17 December 2016 |work=[[The New Indian Express]] |date=6 December 2016 |location=Thiruvananthapuram}}</ref> and the [[Government of Puducherry]].<ref name="jjpy">{{cite news |title=Jayalalithaa death: Pondicherry announces 3-day state mourning |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-death-pondicherry-announces-3-day-state-mourning-4413260/ |access-date=17 December 2016 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=7 December 2016 |location=Puducherry |archive-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220224611/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-death-pondicherry-announces-3-day-state-mourning-4413260/ |url-status=live }}</ref> One day state mourning on 6 December 2016 was observed by [[Government of Karnataka]],<ref name="jjka">{{cite news |title=Jayalalithaa death: Karnataka declares a day of mourning |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-death-karnataka-declares-a-day-of-mourning-4413070/ |access-date=17 December 2016 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=6 December 2016 |location=Bengaluru |archive-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220224644/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-death-karnataka-declares-a-day-of-mourning-4413070/ |url-status=live }}</ref>[[Government of Bihar]],<ref name="jjbih">{{cite news |title=All of Bihar is mourning Jayalalithaa's demise: Nitish Kumar |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-tamil-nadu-bihar-jayalalithaa-death-4413207/ |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=6 December 2016 |location=Patna |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405073200/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-tamil-nadu-bihar-jayalalithaa-death-4413207/ |url-status=live }}</ref>[[Government of West Bengal]],<ref name="jjwb">{{cite news |title=West Bengal declares state mourning on Jayalalithaa's death |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/West-Bengal-declares-state-mourning-on-Jayalalithaas-death/articleshow/55842062.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=6 December 2016 |location=Kolkata |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=13 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413034142/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/West-Bengal-declares-state-mourning-on-Jayalalithaas-death/articleshow/55842062.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>[[Government of Punjab, India|Government of Punjab]],<ref name="jjpunj">{{cite news |title=One day's state mourning in Punjab on Jayalalithaa's |url=http://www.uniindia.com/one-day-s-state-mourning-in-punjab-on-jayalalithaa-s/states/news/709156.html |access-date=17 December 2016 |work=[[United News of India]] |date=6 December 2016 |archive-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220144314/http://www.uniindia.com/one-day-s-state-mourning-in-punjab-on-jayalalithaa-s/states/news/709156.html |url-status=live }}</ref>[[Government of Uttarakhand]]<ref name="jjuk" /> and [[Government of Goa]].<ref name="jjgoa">{{cite news |title=Goa govt mourns death of Jayalalithaa |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/state-govt-mourns-death-of-jayalalithaa/articleshow/55846817.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=7 December 2016 |location=Panaji |archive-date=8 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161208080138/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/State-govt-mourns-death-of-Jayalalithaa/articleshow/55846817.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Lying-in-state ===
Her body was kept [[in state]] at her residence Veda Nilayam in Poes Garden until the wee hours of 6 December 2016 and later at [[Rajaji Hall]] for public to pay their tribute.

==State funeral==
On the evening of 6 December 2016, the glass casket carrying her mortal remains was taken in an army truck bedecked with flowers from [[Rajaji Hall]] to [[MGR Memorial|M.G.R. Memorial]] for a {{cvt|1.6|km}} long grand public procession. Around one million people paid an emotional farewell to her. Late Jayalalithaa's body was draped in her favourite green coloured silk saree though with a red border and adorned with a diamond-studded gold dollar chain, diamond earrings, a black-strap wristwatch on her left wrist, one diamond ring on each hand, and a golden bangle on her right hand, and kept inside a sandalwood [[coffin]] engraved with the words "Puratchi Thalaivi Selvi J Jayalalithaa" (Eternal Leader [[Miss]] J Jayalalithaa).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dinamani.com/treasure/cm-jayalalitha/2016/Dec/07/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-2611590.html |title=பச்சை நிற புடவை, வைரக் கம்மல்|work=Dinamani |language =ta|date=6 December 2016 |access-date=7 December 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/fyi/story/mgr-watch-grave-tick-jayalalithaa-356186-2016-12-07?utm_source=chatgpt.com#google_vignette |title=Does MGR's watch, buried in his grave, still tick? |work=India today|date=7 December 2016 |access-date=8 December 2016 }}</ref> Her long-time aide [[V. K. Sasikala]] carried out the last rites, sprinkling rose petals, milk and holy water.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jayalalithaa-buried-near-mgr-memorial-in-chennai-thousands-bid-teary-adieu/story-tNbQDZRRurc0NuCQU9nKLJ.html |title=Jayalalithaa buried near MGR Memorial in Chennai, thousands bid teary adieu |work=hindustantimes |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407215911/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jayalalithaa-buried-near-mgr-memorial-in-chennai-thousands-bid-teary-adieu/story-tNbQDZRRurc0NuCQU9nKLJ.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Just after sunset, Jayalalithaa was buried wearing her iconic black-strap watch, into the ground at the northern end of [[Marina Beach]] in [[Chennai]], near the grave of her mentor and the former [[chief minister of Tamil Nadu]] [[M. G. Ramachandran]] at the M.G.R. and Jayalalithaa memorial complex.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.ndtv.com/tamil-nadu-news/pm-narendra-modi-to-visit-chennai-to-pay-homage-to-jayalalithaa-10-points-1634456?pfrom=home-lateststories |title=Jayalalithaa To Be Buried In Sandalwood Casket Next To Mentor M.G.R. |publisher=[[NDTV]] |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=6 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406111338/https://www.ndtv.com/tamil-nadu-news/pm-narendra-modi-to-visit-chennai-to-pay-homage-to-jayalalithaa-10-points-1634456?pfrom=home-lateststories |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Tamil-Nadu-chief-minister-Jayalalithaa-laid-to-rest/articleshow/55837086.cms |title=Jayalalitha last rites: Amma's Death: Jayalalithaa buried with full state honours |work=The Times of India |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=8 December 2016 |archive-date=7 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207215714/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Tamil-Nadu-chief-minister-Jayalalithaa-laid-to-rest/articleshow/55837086.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Reactions==
===India===
{{flag|India}}:
* [[File:Emblem of India.svg|20px]] President [[Pranab Mukherjee]] Condoled and paid last tributes on her demise, Stating:"Heartfelt condolences on the sad demise of Ms. Jayalalithaa, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. One of India's most charismatic & popular leaders, Ms. Jayalalithaa was a visionary & able administrator".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jayalalithaa-s-achievements-were-discussed-by-manmohan-pranab/story-fQTxbUqbNAFKnxWmaIRWwJ.html |title=Jayalalithaa's achievements were discussed by Manmohan, Pranab |access-date=12 February 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122191824/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jayalalithaa-s-achievements-were-discussed-by-manmohan-pranab/story-fQTxbUqbNAFKnxWmaIRWwJ_amp.html |archive-date=22 January 2017}}</ref><ref name="indiacondone">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Condolences-pour-in-from-leaders-personalities/article16765153.ece|title=Condolences pour in from leaders, personalities|work=The Hindu|date=6 December 2016|access-date=27 November 2021|archive-date=29 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729131742/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Condolences-pour-in-from-leaders-personalities/article16765153.ece|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[File:Emblem of India.svg|20px]] Vice President [[Hamid Ansari]] said: "Jayalalithaa's demise is an irreparable loss to the people of India".<ref name="alleader">{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/politicians-tributes-jayalalithaa-355963-2016-12-06|title=Politicians pay rich tributes to Jayalalithaa|work=indiatoday|date=6 December 2016|access-date=16 December 2022|archive-date=7 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407215911/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/politicians-tributes-jayalalithaa-355963-2016-12-06|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi pays tributes to the mortal remains of Ms. J. Jayalalithaa, in Chennai on December 06, 2016 2.jpg|thumb|Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tributes to the mortal remains of J. Jayalalithaa]]
* [[File:Emblem of India.svg|20px]] Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] expressed his condolence and tweeted that "Jayalalithaa ji's connect with citizens, concern for welfare of the poor, the women & marginalized will always be a source of inspiration".<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** Union Finance Minister [[Arun Jaitley]] said: "Saddened by the untimely passing away of J Jayalalithaa ji, an exceptional leader and Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** Union Home Minister [[Rajnath Singh]] said: "Deeply saddened to learn of the demise of Tamil Nadu CM, Selvi Jayalalithaa. She was a powerful voice for the weaker sections of the society."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** Union External Affairs Minister [[Sushma Swaraj]] said: "It is tragic. It is painful. She was a woman of dignity and self-respect. We shared a warm personal relationship."<ref name="alleader"/>
** Union Commerce Minister [[Nirmala Sitharaman]] said: "Her life's journey is a story of grit & perseverance. Understood the mind of the poor & the women. Stayed connected to her people. Remember fondly the affection she showed each time we met. Condolences."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
* Former Prime Minister [[Manmohan Singh]] said: "I join millions of admirers of Jayalalithaji in mourning her sad and untimely demise. She was a charismatic leader who will be remembered forever as the beloved Amma by the people of Tamil Nadu. She was an outstanding leader who was passionately devoted to the welfare of the people of Tamil Nadu."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** Former Union Minister [[P. Chidambaram]] said: "Jayalalithaa was most dominant political personality of Tamilnadu in last 25 years. Share grief of millions. Jayalalithaa acquired large loyal following that equalled that of her mentor MGR. She brought a hard uncompromising style to politics and governance that won praise and criticism".<ref name="indiacondone"/>
* [[File:Lok Sabha.svg|20px]] [[Lok sabha]] speaker [[Sumitra Mahajan]] said: "J Jayalalithaa ji was not only strong but also a good administrator. It is a big setback for politics. Not just Tamil Nadu but entire nation mourns the demise of Jayalalithaa ji. She was a very good administrator."<ref name="alleader"/>
* [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] president [[Amit Shah]] said: "Saddened by the demise of Tamil Nadu CM J.Jayalalithaa ji. I extend my deepest condolences to her party and followers in this hour of grief."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
* [[File:Indian National Congress hand logo.svg|20px]] [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] President [[Sonia Gandhi]] said: "We pay our respects to J. Jayalalithaa ji. May her soul Rest In Peace".<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] Vice President [[Rahul Gandhi]] paid floral tributes to Jayalalithaa and said: "I would like to offer my condolences to the people of Tamil Nadu. Jayalalithaa ji was a great leader. She was not only a great leader of Tamil Nadu, she was a leader of this country. I, on behalf of the Congress and party president Sonia Gandhi and every single Congress worker in this country, pay our respects to a great lady, to a great leader of Tamil Nadu".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/rahul-gandhi-pays-rich-tributes-to-jayalalithaa-659044-2016-12-06|title=Rahul Gandhi pays rich tributes to Jayalalithaa |access-date= 6 December 2016| work=India Today}}</ref>

===Indian States===
* [[File:TamilNadu Logo.svg|20px]] [[Tamil Nadu]]
** Governor [[C. Vidyasagar Rao]] said: "Deeply shocked and sad. People's Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu".<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu and the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]] President [[M. Karunanidhi]] said: "I offer deep condolences on the passing away of Jayalalithaa. Wishes of lakhs of her followers will make her immortal."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|Leader of Opposition]] and [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]] Treasurer [[M. K. Stalin]] said: "Deeply saddened by the demise of our CM Selvi Jayalalithaa. My deepest condolences to the party cadres & well wishers in this hour of grief. She was an iconic & courageous leader. This is an irreparable loss to the people of Tamil Nadu. RIP Iron Lady!".<ref>{{Cite news|title=MK Stalin mourns Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J Jayalalithaa's death|language=en-IN|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/news/india/mk-stalin-mourns-tamil-nadu-chief-minister-j-jayalalithaas-death/articleshow/55831007.cms|date=6 December 2016|work=bangaloremirror|access-date=6 December 2016}}</ref>
* [[West Bengal]] Chief Minister [[Mamata Banerjee]] said: "Popular, strong, bold, efficient, people- friendly, charismatic leader, Amma. Always at the heart of people. Big loss. I am shocked, saddened."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
* [[File:Emblem of Andhra Pradesh.svg|20px]] [[Andhra Pradesh]] Chief Minister [[Chandrababu Naidu]] said: "My deepest condolences to her well-wishers & supporters. She will remain in our memories as leader who truly cared for people".<ref name="indiacondone"/>
*[[Telangana]] Chief Minister [[K. Chandrashekar Rao]] said: "I offer my deep condolences on the demise of "Tamil Nadu CM 'Puratchi Thalaivi' Kumari Jayalalithaa". Her political journey was a courageous one. Her demise is a deep loss to the Tamil society."<ref name="alleader"/>
* [[File:Emblem of Madhya Pradesh.svg|20px]] [[Madhya Pradesh]] Chief Minister [[Shivraj Singh Chouhan]] said: "Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalithaa's passing away is a great loss to the state and its people, we stand by them in this hour of grief."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
* [[File:Seal of Maharashtra.svg|20px]] [[Maharashtra]] Chief Minister [[Devendra Fadnavis]] said: "She was one of the most respected leaders in the Tamil Nadu politics who earned the affectionate title of 'Amma' on account of her deep concern for the people. Her contribution in national and Tamil Nadu politics is immense. Jayalalitha always thrived for the welfare of women and poor".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/jayalalithaa-tamil-nadu-death-chief-minister-aiadmk-amma-appolo-rajaji-hall-maharashtra-assembly-356006-2016-12-06|title=Maharashtra Assembly bids adieu to Jayalalithaa|work=indiatoday|date=6 December 2016|access-date=16 December 2022|archive-date=7 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407215911/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/jayalalithaa-tamil-nadu-death-chief-minister-aiadmk-amma-appolo-rajaji-hall-maharashtra-assembly-356006-2016-12-06|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[File:Government of Kerala Logo.svg|20px]] [[Kerala]]
** Governor [[P. Sathasivam]] said: "She was the greatest woman political leader in contemporary India. In her we saw the perfect blending of the strong will of an able administrator and the compassion of a philanthropist. In her sad demise, we have lost a unique mother's touch that had brightened the lives of millions of people during the last three decades."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** Chief Minister [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] said: "Jayalalithaa was as an extraordinary politician with a rare political acumen and administrative skills, which made her a distinct leader in Indian politics. We do not have any other Chief Ministers in our country who have influenced people like this. Her passing away is not only a major loss to Tamil Nadu, but for the entire country". Opposition leader [[Ramesh Chennithala]] also condoled her death. A three-day state mourning from 6 to 8 December 2016 were observed by [[Government of Kerala]].<ref name="jker"/><ref name="indiacondone"/>
* [[File:Seal of the National Capital Territory of Delhi.svg|20px]] [[Government of Delhi|Delhi]]
** Chief Minister [[Arvind Kejriwal]] said: "Very sad to hear the demise of Amma. A very very popular leader. Aam admi's leader. May her soul rest in peace."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** Former Chief Minister [[Sheila Dikshit]] said: "I have always had fond regards for Jayalalithaa ji and I still cherish the memories of our friendship. Jayalalithaa ji and I were great friends beyond politics. Several welfare programmees and schemes of hers that benefited the poor had been replicated in Delhi. May god rest her soul. she was a lady of few words but the warmth came through her smile. I had met her several times and congratulated whenever she came to power and she had always reciprocated it by calling me whenever I achieved something in life. She was a great soul and I would miss her forever."<ref name="wlrj">{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/061216/still-treasure-the-red-saree-she-gifted-me-women-leaders-remember-jaya.html|title=Still treasure the red saree she gifted me': Women leaders remember Jaya|work=deccanchronicle|date=6 December 2016|access-date=8 August 2023|archive-date=10 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230125/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/amp/nation/current-affairs/061216/still-treasure-the-red-saree-she-gifted-me-women-leaders-remember-jaya.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[File:Emblem of the Government of Puducherry.png|20px]] [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]
** Lieutenant Governor [[Kiran Bedi]] said : "Ms. Jayalalithaa was a rare political personality who charted a distinct path of governance through her strong and able leadership. She was a multi faceted personality. the departed leader had always carved a niche for herself in all walks of life, be it as a student excelling in academics, be it as an artist, as a versatile actor and culminating in politics as a leader of the masses and eliteMs. Jayalalithaa had been a symbol of women empowerment and always had her heart for the cause of women. People of Puducherry shared the sorrow of the loss along with the people of Tamil Nadu".<ref name="indiacondone"/>
** Chief Minister [[V. Narayanasamy]] said: "Jayalalithaa has done a lot of good work for the development of Tamil Nadu and for the welfare of the people. I mourn her death personally and also on behalf of the people of the union territory,". [[Government of Puducherry]] observed a three-day state mourning from 6 to 8 December 2016.<ref name="jjpy"/><ref name="indiacondone"/>
* [[File:Flag of Jammu and Kashmir (1952-2019).svg|20px]] [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] Chief Minister [[Mehbooba Mufti]] stated Jayalalithaa as "a leader of masses" and praised her women-specific initiatives. She said, "Jayalalithaa was an example personified of women empowerment who brought a unique style to country's politics. Jayalalithaa would be remembered long for introducing many innovative schemes and programmes for public welfare. The late leader was one of the highly learned politicians of the country."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
* [[File:Seal of Karnataka.svg|20px]] [[Karnataka]] Chief Minister [[Siddaramaiah]] said: "J Jayalalithaa's demise is a huge loss. I am going to Chennai to attend her last rites ceremony."<ref name="alleader"/>
* [[File:Seal of Bihar.svg|20px]] [[Bihar]] Chief Minister [[Nitish Kumar]] said: "It is unfortunate. It is a loss not only for Tamil Nadu politics but also for rest of the country. All of Bihar is in mourning today."<ref name="alleader"/>
* [[File:Seal of Uttar Pradesh.svg|20px]] [[Uttar Pradesh]] Chief Minister [[Akhilesh Yadav]] said: "The country as a whole will miss the charismatic leadership of J Jayalalithaa. Her schemes for the poor will continue to inspire governance."<ref name="alleader"/>
* [[File:Emblem Rajasthan.png|20px]] [[Rajasthan]] Chief Minister [[Vasundhara Raje]] said: "My heartfelt condolences and thoughts are with the bereaved family and followers. She shall be eternally cherished for her service to the people."<ref name="alleader"/>
* [[File:Government Of Gujarat Seal In All Languages.svg|20px]] [[Gujarat]] Chief Minister [[Vijay Rupani]] said: "Deeply saddened by the demise of Tamil Nadu CM Jayalalithaa ji. My thoughts and prayers are with the people of Tamil Nadu in this hour of grief."<ref name="alleader"/>
* [[File:Seal of Odisha.svg|20px]] [[Odisha]] Chief Minister [[Naveen Patnaik]] said: "I am deeply shocked at the passing away of Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Selvi J Jayalalithaa. She was a leader of the masses and had made immense contribution to the development and welfare of the people of Tamil Nadu. She enjoyed a huge mandate and was known for her administrative caliber and political sagacity. She was the iron lady of Tamil Nadu who successfully steered the state on the path of progress and prosperity. Her benevolent measures endeared her to one and all. The people of Tamil Nadu affectionately referred her as Amma. Her death is a great national loss. The people of Odisha stand in solidarity with the people of Tamil Nadu in this hour of grief and bereavement. I pray that her soul may rest in peace."<ref name="alleader"/>
* [[File:Seal of Assam.svg|20px]] [[Assam]] Chief Minister [[Sarbananda Sonowal]] said: "Deeply saddened by the demise of Tamil Nadu CM Jayalalithaa ji. India has lost one of its tallest leaders. May her soul rest in eternal peace."<ref name="alleader"/>
* [[Manipur]] Governor [[Najma Heptulla]] said: "She was one of those politicians who had seen ups and downs in politics but she never bent down; she always held her head high and she was always clear in what she wanted to do."<ref name="wlrj"/>
* [[Himachal Pradesh]] Chief Minister [[Virbhadra Singh]] said: "Deeply saddened by the untimely demise of Tamil Nadu CM Jayalalithaa. She has left a huge void in Dravidian politics. May her soul rest in peace."<ref name="alleader"/>

===International===
The US and several other countries sent condolences.
* {{Flag|United States}}:
** American Ambassador [[Richard Verma]] offered his message of condolence in a statement: "On behalf of the United States, I extend my deepest condolences to the family of Chief Minister J. Jayalalithaa and the people of Tamil Nadu following her passing yesterday. Chief Minister Jayalalithaa will be remembered for her years of public service to Tamil Nadu and as a supporter of closer ties between the United States and India. Our thoughts and prayers are with the people of Tamil Nadu during this time of sorrow".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://in.usembassy.gov/statement-by-ambassador-richard-r-verma/ |title=Statement by Ambassador Richard R. Verma on the Death of the Honourable Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu J. Jayalalithaa |website=usembassy.gov |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=5 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205090834/https://in.usembassy.gov/statement-by-ambassador-richard-r-verma/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="envoy"/>
* {{Flag|China}}:
** Chinese Ambassador [[Luo Zhaohui]] sent the letter of condolence to the Government of Tamil Nadu: "I was shocked to hear the unfortunate demise of Smt. Jayalalithaa Jayaraman, former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. I'd like to hereby express my deepest condolences to the Government and people of Tamil Nadu. Smt. Jayalalithaa is a prominent political leader in India I pay sincere respect to. Her irreplaceable contributions to the development of Tamil Nadu will be long remembered by history and people. I'm firmly believing that people of Tamil Nadu who just lost a great leader will soon summon up under the new leadership of Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu and China share a tradition of friendly relations, harmonious atmosphere between two peoples and frequent commercial exchanges."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://in.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/xwfb/201612/t20161206_2223186.htm |title=Ambassador Luo Zhaohui sends a condolences letter to the Government of Tamil Nadu on the passing away of Smt. Jayalalithaa |website=in.china.embassy.gov. cn |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=7 August 2023 |archive-date=7 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807120124/http://in.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/xwfb/201612/t20161206_2223186.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{Flag|France}}:
** French Ambassador Alexandre Ziegler condoled her death and stating that "On behalf of France, I express my heartfelt condolences on the demise of Chief Minister J. Jayalalithaa. Chief Minister Jayalalithaa was a prominent leader who was loved and admired by millions. My thoughts and sympathy go out to her near and dear ones and the grief-stricken people of Tamil Nadu and India".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://in.ambafrance.org/Ambassador-s-statement-on-the-demise-of-of-Hon-ble-Chief-Minister-J |title=Ambassador's statement on the demise of Hon'ble CM Jayalalithaa |website=in.ambafrance.org |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=11 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811214623/https://in.ambafrance.org/Ambassador-s-statement-on-the-demise-of-of-Hon-ble-Chief-Minister-J |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="envoy"/>
* {{Flag|Germany}}:
** [[Consulate General of Germany, Chennai|Consulate General of Germany]] Achim Fabig sent a message of condolence on her demise.<ref name="scondone">{{cite web |url=https://tnrajbhavan.gov.in/Archives/Website1621/PressReleases/2016/PR071216-2.pdf |title=PRESS RELEASE: HE President & Hon'ble Prime Minister of Sri Lanka Condone the demise of Selvi J Jayalalithaa |website=tnrajbhavan.gov.in |date=7 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407215914/https://tnrajbhavan.gov.in/Archives/Website1621/PressReleases/2016/PR071216-2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{Flag|Canada}}:
** Canadian High Commissioner to India Nadir Patel issued a statement of condolence: "On behalf of the High Commission of Canada, I am deeply saddened by Chief Minister Jayalalithaa's passing and I extend my sincere condolences to her family, and to the people of Tamil Nadu.Chief Minister Jayalalithaa and her valuable contributions to the people, development and progress of Tamil Nadu will not be forgotten".<ref name="envoy">{{cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-demise-condolences-pour-in-from-countries-4414044/ |title=Jayalalithaa demise: Condolences pour in from countries |website=The Indian Express |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405073202/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-demise-condolences-pour-in-from-countries-4414044/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{Flag|Nepal}}:
** Nepal President [[Bidya Devi Bhandari]] and Prime Minister [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] sent separate messages of condolence to Indian President Pranab Mukherjee and Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the passing away of The Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu Jayalalithaa and through them to the bereaved family members.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mofa.gov.np/press-release-condolence-messages-passing-away-selvi-jayalalithaa/|title=Press Release on Condolence Messages on Passing Away of Selvi Jayalalithaa|website=mofa.gov.np|date=6 December 2016|access-date=7 August 2023|archive-date=7 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807110341/https://mofa.gov.np/press-release-condolence-messages-passing-away-selvi-jayalalithaa/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehimalayantimes.com/ampArticle/181810|title=President, PM condole Jayalalithaa's demise|website=the himalayan times|date=6 December 2016|access-date=7 August 2023|archive-date=7 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807111913/https://www.thehimalayantimes.com/ampArticle/181810|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Bangladesh}}:
** Bangladesh Foreign Minister [[Abul Hassan Mahmood Ali]] signed the condolence book at [[Dhaka]] on the demise of Jayalalithaa, by stating that "We express our deep condolences on the sad demise of the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Selvi J Jayalalithaa. Our thoughts and prayers are with the people of Tamil Nadu at this hour of grief".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bangladesh-condoles-tamil-nadu-chief-ministerjayalalithaas-death-lauds-her-leadership|title=Bangladesh condoles Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalithaa's death, lauds her leadership|website=bdnews24|date=6 December 2016|access-date=7 August 2023|archive-date=7 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807113603/https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bangladesh-condoles-tamil-nadu-chief-ministerjayalalithaas-death-lauds-her-leadership|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Sri Lanka}}:
** Sri Lankan President [[Maithripala Sirisena]] expressed his condolences and stating that "I am saddened by the news of the demise of the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu J Jayalalithaa. She was totally dedicated to the welfare of the people and was dearly loved by her people. India loses a female politician and a truly pro-poor leader, whom people fondly called Amma".<ref name="wwj">{{cite web |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/sri-lanka-prez-leaders-from-singapore-malaysia-condole-jayalalithaas-death/article9413414.ece |title=Sri Lanka Prez, leaders from Singapore, Malaysia condole Jayalalithaa's death |website=Business Line |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405064524/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/sri-lanka-prez-leaders-from-singapore-malaysia-condole-jayalalithaas-death/article9413414.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="slmourns">{{cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-death-lankan-delegation-hands-over-condolence-message-to-tn-governor-4415696/ |title=Jayalalithaa death: Lankan delegation hands over condolence message to TN Governor |website=indianexpress |date=7 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407224000/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-death-lankan-delegation-hands-over-condolence-message-to-tn-governor-4415696/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="scondone"/>
** Sri Lankan Prime Minister [[Ranil Wickremesinghe]] stated in a letter to [[Raj Bhavan, Chennai|Raj Bhavan]]: "Jayalalithaa was a visionary leader of our times. Sri Lanka mourns the loss of a stateswoman who upheld the welfare of her people and was much loved by them. Jayalalithaa leaves behind a legacy that speaks of political acumen and leadership skills. The people and the Government of Sri Lanka join me in offering our deepest sympathies".<ref name="wwj"/><ref name="slmourns"/><ref name="scondone"/>
** Former Sri Lankan president [[Mahinda Rajapaksa]] offered his condolences, stating "she captured the hearts of India's Tamil community".<ref name="wwj"/>
* {{Flag|Singapore}}:
** Foreign Affairs Minister [[Vivian Balakrishnan]] wrote a letter of condolence to Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu [[O. Panneerselvam]], saying:"The late Chief Minister Jayalalithaa dedicated her life to the socio-economic development of Tamil Nadu and through her leadership, Tamil Nadu grew to become one of India's key economies and industrialised states. She was also a strong proponent of building closer relations between Tamil Nadu and Singapore. Her passion, energy and grand vision were so inspiring. India has lost a great daughter and Singapore a staunch friend. It was therefore with deep sadness that I had attended her funeral to pay my last respects. Her Excellency Jayalalithaa left an indelible mark in Tamil Nadu and will be missed".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Newsroom/Press-Statements-Transcripts-and-Photos/2016/12/MFA-Press-Statement-Visit-by-Minister-for-Foreign-Affairs-Dr-Vivian-Balakrishnan_20161206_1 |title=MFA Press Statement: Visit by Minister for Foreign Affairs Dr Vivian Balakrishnan to the Republic of India to Pay Respects to the Late Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu Her Excellency J Jayalalithaa, 6 December 2016 |website=mfa.gov.sg |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407215911/https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Newsroom/Press-Statements-Transcripts-and-Photos/2016/12/MFA-Press-Statement-Visit-by-Minister-for-Foreign-Affairs-Dr-Vivian-Balakrishnan_20161206_1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{Flag|Malaysia}}:
** Malaysian Prime Minister [[Najib Razak]] also conveyed his condolences and stating that "My condolences to the people of India on the passing of the late J. Jayalalithaa, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu".<ref>{{cite tweet |author=Mohd Najib Tun Razak |user=NajibRazak |number=806105922816733184 |title=My condolences to the people of India on the passing of the late J. Jayalalithaa, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. |language=english |url=https://twitter.com/najibrazak/status/806105922816733184 |date=6 December 2016}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=December 2022}}<ref name="intcondone">{{cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2016/dec/06/condolences-pour-in-from-sri-lanka-to-us-on-ammas-demise-1546296.html |title=Condolences pour in from Sri Lanka to US on Amma's demise |website=The New Indian Express |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405063022/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2016/dec/06/condolences-pour-in-from-sri-lanka-to-us-on-ammas-demise-1546296.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
** President of Malaysia's Senate [[Vigneswaran Sanasee]] offered his condolences and stating that "I am very sad. All (of us) knew Jayalalithaa. She was also a famous actress. Hope the people (of Tamil Nadu) will be calm."<ref name="wwj"/>
** [[Malaysian Indian Congress]] Party condoled her death and described her as a "Charismatic leader who had done a lot for the Indian people, especially concerning for welfare of the poor, the women and the marginalised community".<ref name="wwj"/>
* {{Flag|Turkey}}:
** Turkish Ambassador [[Burak Akçapar]] condoled her demise and stated that "Sri Jayalalithaa-ji was among the first Indian leaders I had the honour to meet five years ago. I remember our conversation very positively. I am grateful to her supportive words for strong relations between Turkey and India. On this sad occasion, I extend our sincere condolences to the people of India and the state of Tamil Nadu."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://newdelhi-emb.mfa.gov.tr/Mission/ShowAnnouncement/324639|title=Ambassador's message|website=newdelhi-emb.mfa.gov.tr|date=6 December 2016}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Turkmenistan}}:
** Turkmenistan Deputy Foreign Minister Berdyniyaz Matiyev and Several Ambassadors signed the condolence book on the demise of Jayalalithaa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eoi.gov.in/ashgabat/?5654%3F003|title=Demise of Ms J Jayalalithaa, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu|website=eoi.gov.in|date=7 December 2016|access-date=14 October 2023|archive-date=7 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807182702/https://eoi.gov.in/ashgabat/?5654%3F003|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{Flag|South Africa}}: South African Tamil Federation (SATF) has called on all its affiliates across the country to host special prayer services for the late Tamil Nadu Chief Minister, describing her as "a friend of the Tamil community worldwide".<ref name="wwj"/>

===Others===
* Actor [[Rajinikanth]] said: "The brave leader's loss is not just for Tamil Nadu, but for whole of India. My prayers for our respectful CM's soul to rest in peace."<ref name="indiacondone"/>
* [[Amitabh Bachchan]], [[Shah Rukh Khan]], [[Sachin Tendulkar]], [[Rishi Kapoor]], [[Vijay (actor)|Vijay]], [[Ajith Kumar]], [[AR Rahman]], [[Mohanlal]], [[Mammooty]], [[Mahesh Babu]], [[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]], [[Parthiban]], [[Suriya Sivakumar]] and Other Film fraternity Condoled and paid last tributes on her demise.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rajini, Bachchan, SRK, Mohanlal and more: Film bigwigs mourn Jayalalithaa |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/amitabh-bachchan-shah-rukh-khan-and-more-bollywood-celebs-mourn-jayalalithaa/story-BMKSBwFKUZdmNMB3bv3aBI.html |work=hindustantimes |access-date=6 December 2016 |archive-date=6 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161206175150/http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/amitabh-bachchan-shah-rukh-khan-and-more-bollywood-celebs-mourn-jayalalithaa/story-BMKSBwFKUZdmNMB3bv3aBI.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Jayalalithaa remembered as dynamic, popular leader |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/jayalalithaa-remembered-as-dynamic-popular-leader-116120600378_1.html |work=Business Standard |access-date=6 December 2016 |archive-date=7 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207163344/http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/jayalalithaa-remembered-as-dynamic-popular-leader-116120600378_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/tweeple-send-social-media-into-a-tizzy/article9413138.ece |title=Tweeple send social media into a tizzy |work=Business Line |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=2 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102134424/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/tweeple-send-social-media-into-a-tizzy/article9413138.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Coverage==
The news of Jayalalithaa's demise was covered by [[World news|international media]] outlets such as the [[BBC]], [[The Washington Post]], [[The New York Times]], [[The Guardian]], [[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]], [[The Wall Street Journal]] and many more.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-death-how-the-world-media-covered-the-death-of-iron-lady-4412888/ |title=How world media covered the death of 'Iron Lady' Jayalalithaa |website=The Indian Express |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405063022/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jayalalithaa-death-how-the-world-media-covered-the-death-of-iron-lady-4412888/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-38218232 |title=India Jayalalitha death: Masses mourn 'iron lady' |website=[[BBC]] |date=6 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=25 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125065517/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-38218232 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/jayalalitha-jayaram-powerful-indian-politician-who-broke-gender-barriers-dies-at-68/2016/12/05/65299ebe-bb25-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html |title=Jayaram Jayalalitha, powerful Indian politician who broke gender barriers, dies at 68 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=5 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=6 December 2016 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20161206082131/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/jayalalitha-jayaram-powerful-indian-politician-who-broke-gender-barriers-dies-at-68/2016/12/05/65299ebe-bb25-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/05/world/asia/jayalalithaa-jayaram-india-tamil-nadu-chennai.html |title=Death of Tamil Nadu's Leader Leaves Power Vacuum in Southern India |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=5 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=5 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205202515/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/05/world/asia/jayalalithaa-jayaram-india-tamil-nadu-chennai.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/05/jayaram-jayalalithaa-iron-lady-of-tamil-nadu-dies-at-68 |title=Jayalalithaa Jayaram, Tamil Nadu's 'iron lady', dies at 68 |website=[[The Guardian]] |date=5 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405071634/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/05/jayaram-jayalalithaa-iron-lady-of-tamil-nadu-dies-at-68 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/jayalalithaa-charismatic-indian-politician-and-mother-of-tamil-nadu-dies-1480995237 |title=Jayalalithaa, Charismatic Indian Politician and 'Mother' of Tamil Nadu, Dies |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=6 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/12/06/india-mourns-actress-turned-politician-jayaram-jayalalithaa/|title=India mourns as actress-turned-politician Jayaram Jayalalithaa dies after prolonged illness |website=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] |date=6 December 2016}}</ref>

==Succession and aftermath==
On 6 December 2016, [[O. Panneerselvam]] was elected as the [[AIADMK]] legislative party leader and [[chief minister of Tamil Nadu]] following the death of incumbent Chief Minister Jayalalithaa. At 01:15 IST, Panneerselvam along with [[Third Panneerselvam ministry|31 other cabinet ministers]], was administered the oath of office and secrecy by Tamil Nadu Governor [[C. Vidyasagar Rao]] at a solemn ceremony in the Raj Bhavan.<ref name="indiatoday.intoday.in"/><ref>{{cite news |title=OPS sworn in as TN CM after Jayas death |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/ops-sworn-in-as-tn-cm-after-jayas-death-658769-2016-12-05 |publisher=India Today|date=6 December 2016 }}</ref> On 11 December 2016, the AIADMK said that over 470 party cadres had died, 'shocked' by Jayalalithaa's demise, and announced a solatium of ₹3 lakhs to each of their families.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Nanda |first1=Karan |title=470 people die in shock over Jayalalithaa's demise; AIADMK announces Rs 3 lakh compensation |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national-470-people-die-in-shock-over-jayalalithaa-s-demise-aiadmk-announces-rs-3-lakh-compensation-360431 |access-date=6 August 2022 |publisher=[[India TV]] |date=11 December 2016 |archive-date=3 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803153648/https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national-470-people-die-in-shock-over-jayalalithaa-s-demise-aiadmk-announces-rs-3-lakh-compensation-360431 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 31 December 2016, the AIADMK general council appointed Jayalalithaa's aide [[V. K. Sasikala]] as the acting general secretary of the AIADMK until a formal election was held for the post.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/V.K.-Sasikala-appointed-as-AIADMK-general-secretary/article16957866.ece |title=V.K. Sasikala appointed as AIADMK general secretary |newspaper=The Hindu |date=29 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=29 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229190744/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/V.K.-Sasikala-appointed-as-AIADMK-general-secretary/article16957866.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thequint.com/india/2016/12/31/spent-33-years-looking-after-amma-sasikala-first-public-speech-aiadmk-jayalalithaa-tamil-nadu-chennai |title=Spent 33 Years Looking After Amma: Sasikala's First Public Speech |work=The Quint |date=31 December 2016 |access-date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211174219/https://www.thequint.com/india/2016/12/31/spent-33-years-looking-after-amma-sasikala-first-public-speech-aiadmk-jayalalithaa-tamil-nadu-chennai |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/tamil-nadu-news/vk-sasikala-asked-to-explain-her-appointment-as-general-secretary-in-aiadmk-1660722|title=VK Sasikala Asked To Explain Her Appointment As General Secretary In AIADMK|publisher=NDTV.com|access-date=19 February 2017|archive-date=19 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219062651/http://www.ndtv.com/tamil-nadu-news/vk-sasikala-asked-to-explain-her-appointment-as-general-secretary-in-aiadmk-1660722|url-status=live}}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Women deaths|J. Jayalalithaa]]
[[Category:Deaths and funerals of politicians|J. Jayalalithaa]]
[[Category:December 2016 in India]]
[[Category:State funerals in India|J. Jayalalithaa]]
[[Category:State funerals|Jayalalithaa, J.]]

Radico Khaitan

2026-03-22T14:37:21Z

MHNNoella384131:

{{Short description|Indian liquor company}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2014}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Radico Khaitan Ltd.
| trading_name = 
| logo =
| type = [[Public limited company]]<ref name="indiankanoon2004">{{cite web|url=http://indiankanoon.org/doc/532611/ |title=Commissioner Of Income Tax vs Radico Khaitan Ltd. on 14 September, 2004 |publisher=Indiankanoon.org |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref>
| traded_as = {{BSE|532497}} {{NSE|RADICO}}
| predecessor =
| successor =
| founder =
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{unbulleted list|Dr. Lalit Khaitan (Chairman & Managing Director) | Abhishek Khaitan (Managing Director)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/boardof_directors.html |title=Board of Directors |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |access-date=29 July 2013 |archive-date=28 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228021521/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/boardof_directors.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| industry = Alcoholic beverages
| products =
| production =
| services =
| revenue = {{unbulleted list|{{increase}}{{USD}} 19.8 million (2012)|{{INR}}{{formatnum:169227}} (2011)}}
| operating_income = {{unbulleted list|{{decrease}}{{INR}} 869.6 million (2012)|{{INR}} 9945 (2011)}}
| net_income = {{unbulleted list|{{decrease}}{{USD}} 636.6 million (2012)|{{USD}} 7280 (2011)}}
| assets = {{unbulleted list|{{increase}}{{INR}} 16.6 million (2012)|{{INR}}{{formatnum:136742}}.74 (2011)}}
| equity = {{unbulleted list|{{increase}}{{USD}} 6952 million (2012)|{{USD}} 65,140 (2011)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.churchgatepartners.com/doc_download.aspx?public=1&document_id=2864 |title=Corporate Statement 2011-12 |publisher=Radico Khaitan |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=9 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309061131/http://www.churchgatepartners.com/doc_download.aspx?public=1&document_id=2864 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}
| owner =
| num_employees =
| parent =
| divisions = {{unbulleted list|Finance|Production|Domestic Business|International Business<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/divisions.html |title=Divisions |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |access-date=29 July 2013 |archive-date=9 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309055218/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/divisions.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}
| subsid =
| footnotes =
| caption =
| foundation = [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh|Rampur]], [[United Provinces (1937–50)|United Provinces]], [[British Raj|British India]] ({{Start date|1943}})
| location_city = Rampur, [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| location_country = India
| locations = 
| homepage = {{URL|radicokhaitan.com}}
| bodystyle =
}}

'''Radico Khaitan Ltd. (RKL)''', formerly '''Rampur Distillery & Chemical Company Ltd.''', is an Indian company that manufactures [[industrial alcohol]], [[Indian Made Foreign Liquor]] (IMFL), [[Desi daru|country liquor]] and [[fertilizer]]s.<ref name="indiankanoon2004"/> It is the fourth largest Indian liquor company.<ref name="spiritz1">{{cite web |url=http://spiritz.in/a-family-summons-that-changed-history/ |title=A Family Summons That Changed History |publisher=Spiritz.in |date=13 July 2010 |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=28 July 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130728162807/http://spiritz.in/a-family-summons-that-changed-history/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Radico brands are sold in more than 85 countries,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/export.html |title=Exports |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029223704/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/export.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> including USA, Canada, South America, Africa, Europe, South East Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Middle East.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/markets/in-high-spirits-106021301004_1.html |title=In high spirits |newspaper=Business Standard India |publisher=[[Business Standard]] |date=13 February 2006 |accessdate=29 July 2013|last1=Kansara |first1=Priya }}</ref>

==History==
Radico Khaitan Ltd. was established as Rampur Distillery & Chemical Company Ltd. in 1943 at [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh]]. The [[Distillation|distillery]] in Rampur initially produced extra neutral alcohol (ENA) and supplied bulk alcohol for several liquor companies<ref name="intoday1">{{cite web|url=http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/tipple-all-the-way/1/2981.html |title=Tipple all the way |publisher=Businesstoday.intoday.in |date=5 October 2008 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref><ref name = "whatwedo">{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/whatwedo.html |title=What we do |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=2 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101102194850/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/whatwedo.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="rediff1">{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/money/report/radico/20051017.htm |title=Radico Khaitan eyes UB brands |work=Rediff.com |date=17 October 2005 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> such as [[Shaw Wallace]], [[Mohan Meakin]] and the [[United Breweries Group]]. It had a [[Revenue|turnover]] of {{INR}} 6.5 million in 1979.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/radico-khaitans-spirited-plans/68225/0 |title=Radico Khaitan's Spirited Plans |publisher=Financialexpress.com |date=14 December 2002 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> It was only in 1999 that the company commenced production of its own brands.<ref name="intoday1"/><ref name = "whatwedo"/><ref name="rediff1"/> Lalit Khaitan's father, G. N. Khaitan, bought out the loss-making Rampur Distillery from Vishnu Hari Dalmia for {{INR}} 1.6 million in 1972. According to Lalit Khaitan, his father was a [[Teetotalism|teetotaler]] throughout his life, and even Khaitan himself had never tasted alcohol until his father bought the distillery. G. N. Khaitan divided the family business (which included construction, real estate, liquor industries and others) among his 4 sons in 1995, and Lalit Khaitan inherited the relatively small liquor division.<ref name="financialexpress1">{{cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/genie-in-a-bottle/958880/0 |title=Genie in a bottle |publisher=Financialexpress.com |date=7 June 2012 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> Prior to that the distillery was run by Lalit's cousin and others.<ref name="spiritz1"/> In 1991, Radico set up a malt spirit plant with an installed capacity of 460 KL per annum; a [[soya oil]]/[[rapeseed]] extraction plant with an installed capacity of 300 tpd based on [[soyabean]] seeds & 350 tpd based on rapeseed oil cake at [[Ratlam]], [[Madhya Pradesh]] and a [[biogas]] [[cogeneration]] and secondary treatment plant. The company also modernized the distillery unit by installing new copper distillation plant and a fully automatic bottling line. It also balanced its Single Superphosphate (SSP) plant by putting equipment like a [[ball mill]] and a scrubbing system. The entire modernisation-cum-expansion programme cost the company {{INR}} 365 million.<ref name="walletwatch1">{{cite web |url=http://nt.walletwatch.com/ascerc/History.asp?CompanyCode=11100007&companyname=Radico+Khaitan+Ltd |title=Radico Khaitan Ltd: History |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=2 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302083428/http://nt.walletwatch.com/ascerc/History.asp?CompanyCode=11100007&companyname=Radico+Khaitan+Ltd |url-status=dead }}</ref> The company undertook a major expansion of its solvent extraction plant to increase the capacity from 300 tpd to 600 tpd in 1994, and launched Contessa Rum, Contessa Whisky and a few other products in CMI markets in 1995.<ref name="walletwatch1"/> Contessa Rum is mainly sold to the [[Canteen Stores Department (India)|Canteen Stores Department]] (CSD).<ref name="forbesindia1">{{cite web|url=http://forbesindia.com/article/boardroom/radico-khaitan-is-on-a-high/35651/0 |title=Radico Khaitan is on a High |work=Forbes India |date=24 July 2013 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> Radico entered into a joint venture with [[Whyte & Mackay|Whyte & Mackay Group plc]]. in the same year, and launched [[Scotch whisky]] brands 15 YO, Findlater and WMSR in India.<ref name="walletwatch1"/>

While planning to launch a new brand in 1996, Khaitan and his son Abhishek, who had joined the company recently, found that more Scotch was consumed in India than was bottled in Scotland, and there was no Scotch [[blended whisky]] brand available in India in the lower price range at that time. The Khaitans intended to launch a brand to target that segment, but had low finances, which was compounded by the entry of MNCs into the Indian liquor industry.<ref name="spiritz1"/> The first Radico Khaitan IMFL brand was 8 PM whisky, launched in 1999,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-company/radico-khaitan.html |title=Radico Khaitan |publisher=Business.mapsofindia.com |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> and currently Radico's flagship brand.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/whoweare.html |title=Who we are |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029184239/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/whoweare.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/investorcenter.html |title=Investor Center |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029185435/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/investorcenter.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> According to Abhishek Khaitan, the name was chosen as the company felt that "8 was the simplest thing to depict", and also because "people usually start drinking at 8 pm." in India. The TV advert for the whisky was in [[black-and-white]], and depicted opposing soldiers bonding over 8 PM whisky at an international border.<ref name="spiritz1"/> Radico announced in May 1999 that it had submitted a proposal to set up a distillery in Kyrgyzstan, which had been and it had been accepted by Kyrgyzstan government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://expressindia.indianexpress.com/fe/daily/19990524/fco24040.html |title=Radico Khaitan to set up distillery in Kyrgyzstan |publisher=[[The Indian Express]] |date=24 May 1999 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref>

RKL created an international division, called Radico International, in 2003. Radico International introduced brands such as [[Beck's Brewery|Beck's beer]] and wines from [[E & J Gallo Winery|E&J Gallo]] in the Indian market.<ref>{{cite news|agency=TNN |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2003-09-29/news/27546904_1_rkl-radico-khaitan-black-cat-rum |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029185127/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2003-09-29/news/27546904_1_rkl-radico-khaitan-black-cat-rum |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 October 2013 |title=Radico Khaitan: a cheerful story all the way |publisher=[[The Economic Times]] |date=29 September 2003 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> On 14 January 2003, RKL president (finance) RK Mehrotra announced that the company was planning to set up a bottling facility in Mauritius for their 8PM brand through a tie-up with a local company.<ref>{{cite news|agency=PTI |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2003-01-14/news/27531236_1_radico-khaitan-rkl-new-whisky |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029183919/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2003-01-14/news/27531236_1_radico-khaitan-rkl-new-whisky |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 October 2013 |title=Radico Khaitan to set up bottling facility in Mauritius |publisher=[[The Economic Times]] |date=14 January 2003 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> In July 2003, Radico announced the installation of an ENA deluxe plant at its Rampur Distillery at a cost of {{INR}} 200 million. The company would use some of the ENA for its own IMFL brands, while the rest is sold in India and exported to liquor majors in [[Europe]] and the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] (CIS) .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/07/17/stories/2003071701070200.htm |title=Radico Khaitan installs new ENA plant |publisher=[[Business Line]] |date=17 July 2003 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> Radico purchased [[Bacardi]]'s 51% stake in Whytehall India for over {{INR}} 300 million in 2004, gaining control of the Whytehall brand.<ref name="financialexpress1"/> In a press release on 7 April 2004, Radico announced that it had acquired Anab-e-Shahi, a bottling plant in [[Andhra Pradesh]]. This was the company's first acquisition in [[South India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2004/04/08/stories/2004040802050200.htm |title=Radico Khaitan acquires bottling plant in AP |publisher=[[Business Line]] |date=8 April 2004 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref>

Radico entered the [[vodka]] market in November 2005,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/magic_moments_vodka.html |title=Magic Moments Vodka |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=4 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104193431/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/magic_moments_vodka.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> with the launch of the grain-based<ref name="thehindubusinessline2005">{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/bline/2005/10/28/stories/2005102802270400.htm |title=Radico Khaitan net profit jumps 39 pc |publisher=[[Business Line]] |date=28 October 2005 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> Magic Moments vodka. Although Magic Moments was not an instant success like 8 PM, it earns Radico more revenue than 8 PM.<ref name="forbesindia1"/> In 2005, the company set up a grain-based distillery plant in Uttar Pradesh at a cost of {{INR}} 850 million.<ref name="thehindubusinessline2005"/>

In May 2006, Radico announced that it had entered into two overseas joint ventures in the United Kingdom and [[West Africa|western Africa]], becoming the first Indian liquor company to have overseas production lines. The joint ventures are intended to help Radico launch its brands in the UK and African markets. Radico handles sales, marketing and distribution functions, while manufacturing is outsourced to the local partner. The whiskies Radico sells outside India are grain-based, while its whiskies in India are made from molasses.<ref>{{cite news|agency=TNN |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-05-10/news/27424410_1_radico-khaitan-rkl-abhishek-khaitan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200744/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-05-10/news/27424410_1_radico-khaitan-rkl-abhishek-khaitan |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 October 2013 |title=Radico strikes up JVs in UK, Africa |publisher=[[The Economic Times]] |date=10 May 2006 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> In August 2006, [[Diageo]] and Radico Khaitan announced a 50:50 JV called Diaego Radico Distilleries Pvt Ltd<ref name="indiainfoline1">{{cite web|url=http://www.indiainfoline.com/Markets/Company/Background/Company-Profile/Radico-Khaitan-Ltd/532497 |title=Radico Khaitan Ltd Background details about Company Profile |publisher=Indiainfoline.com |date=21 July 1983 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> in the Indian spirits market, with the latter handling distribution and manufacturing base and former providing marketing. The move marked Diageo's return to the IMFL market, which it had previously exited in 2001.<ref>{{cite news|agency=TNN |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-08-22/news/27436632_1_rkl-abhishek-khaitan-radico-khaitan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029204614/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-08-22/news/27436632_1_rkl-abhishek-khaitan-radico-khaitan |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 October 2013 |title=Diageo, Radico form JV for IMFL foray |publisher=[[The Economic Times]] |date=22 August 2006 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> Diageo Radico launched Masterstroke Deluxe Whisky in the premium segment in March 2007.<ref name="indiainfoline1"/> However, the joint venture did not launch any new brands following that. Diageo instead developed its own marketing and distribution machinery to strengthen its presence in India. In 2011, Diageo announced its intention to buy half of Radico's stake in the JV.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/diageo-looks-to-buy-radico-s-stake-in-jv-111100400026_1.html |title=Diageo looks to buy Radico's stake in JV |newspaper=Business Standard India |publisher=[[Business Standard]] |date=4 October 2011 |accessdate=29 July 2013|last1=Pinto |first1=Viveat Susan }}</ref> In October 2007, Radico entered into a tripartite joint venture with NV Distillers and Ridhi Sidhi Pvt Ltd to set up a greenfield distillery in Aurangabad, Maharashtra with a combined investment of {{INR}} 1.60 billion. Radico would have a 36% stake in Radico NV Distilleries Maharashtra Ltd, which would manufacture ENA, IMFL and [[ethanol]], and also have a bottling facility. The distillery is Radico's second, after the Rampur Distillery<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/006200710081432.htm |title=Radico Khaitan forms JV to set up distillery |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=8 October 2007 |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029202406/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/006200710081432.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Morpheus [[brandy]] was launched in May 2009.<ref name="indiatimes1">{{cite news|author=Sarah Jacob |agency=ET Bureau |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-05-11/news/28381406_1_radico-khaitan-khaitan-s-md-abhishek-khaitan-brandy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506080113/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-05-11/news/28381406_1_radico-khaitan-khaitan-s-md-abhishek-khaitan-brandy |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 May 2013 |title=Radico Khaitan to uncork super-premium brandy |publisher=[[The Economic Times]] |date=11 May 2009 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/getFiles.asp?Style=OliveXLib:LowLevelEntityToPrint_ETNEW&Type=text/html&Locale=english-skin-custom&Path=ETD/2009/05/11&ID=Ar01602 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309054721/http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/getFiles.asp?Style=OliveXLib:LowLevelEntityToPrint_ETNEW&Type=text/html&Locale=english-skin-custom&Path=ETD/2009/05/11&ID=Ar01602 |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 March 2014 |title=Radico Bets On Premium Peg |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=11 May 2009 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.paisawaisa.com/community/pressrelease/pressreleasedetail.aspx?PReleaseId=zQsnw@7FGAeRxLCm86zlCw== |title=Radico Khaitan ready to launch super premium brandy |publisher=PaisaWaisa |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> Its largest markets are Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Karnataka.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://spiritz.in/morpheus-is-indias-most-expensive-brandy-yet/ |title=Morpheus is India's most expensive brandy yet |publisher=Spiritz.in |date=8 June 2012 |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=27 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727071824/http://spiritz.in/morpheus-is-indias-most-expensive-brandy-yet/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://freepress.in/business/radico-khaitans-super-premium-brandy-morpheus-to-hit-the-shelf/ |title=Radico Khaitan's super-premium brandy Morpheus to Hit the Shelf |publisher=Freepress.in |date=11 May 2009 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> The company named the brandy after [[Morpheus (mythology)|Morpheus]], the Greek god of dreams, in order to "convey a sense of softness with a European touch".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/images/radico_news/clip_batch1/Aug%2009_AMBROSIA_Pg-9.jpg |title=Archived copy |website=www.radicokhaitan.com |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309055705/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/images/radico_news/clip_batch1/Aug%2009_AMBROSIA_Pg-9.jpg |archive-date=9 March 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Radico launched [[Carlo Rossi (wine)|Carlo Rossi wine]] in [[Mumbai]] in April 2009, through its joint venture with E&J Gallo, which owns the brand. Radico had already been selling other E&J Gallo brands such as André, Wine Cellars, Sonoma County and Turning Leaf in India.<ref name="indiatimes1"/>

Radico announced on 7 April 2011 that it had entered into an agreement with Japanese firm [[Suntory]] Liquors Ltd to market and distribute the latter's [[Yamazaki Distillery|Yamazaki single malt]] and [[Hibiki (whisky)|Hibiki]] blended whiskies in India.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bose |first=Nandita |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-56181420110407 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305152237/http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-56181420110407 |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 March 2016 |title=Radico Khaitan to introduce Japanese whiskey brands in India |publisher=Reuters |date=7 April 2011 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref> Radico launched [[After Dark (whisky)|After Dark]], a 100% grain-based whisky manufactured at its Rampur distillery,<ref>{{cite news|author=M Padmakshan |agency=ET Bureau |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-05-13/news/28446412_1_whisky-premium-segment-royal-challenge |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716051319/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-05-13/news/28446412_1_whisky-premium-segment-royal-challenge |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 July 2013 |title=Radico Khaitan to uncork After Dark whisky soon |publisher=[[The Economic Times]] |date=13 May 2010 |accessdate=29 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/images/radico_news/2011-coverage/FEB%202011%20SPIRITZ-PG-29.jpg |title=Archived copy |website=www.radicokhaitan.com |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309054455/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/images/radico_news/2011-coverage/FEB%202011%20SPIRITZ-PG-29.jpg |archive-date=9 March 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> in September 2011.<ref>{{cite web |last=Anant |first=Saahil |url=http://wwa.mydigitalfc.com/companies/radico-khaitan-launch-%E2%80%98after-dark%E2%80%99-september-539 |title=Radico Khaitan to launch 'After Dark' by September |publisher=Wwa.mydigitalfc.com |date=2 August 2011 |accessdate=29 July 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==PET Division==
Radico Khaitan's PET division, started in 2003, produces a wide range of [[Polyethylene terephthalate|PET]] bottles and jars for the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, home & personal care, edible oil and confectionery industries. It utilizes single stage machines of Nissei ASB Machine Co. Ltd., Japan to meet in-house needs, but eventually began supplying PET bottles even to competitors. The PET division operates as an independent profit group.<ref name="radicokhaitan1">{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/petdivision.html |title=PET Division |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=2 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101102222239/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/petdivision.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The company has a 750 ml kidney shape PET bottle manufacturing plant in [[Uttarakhand]]. The unit started with a production rate of 08.5 million bottles annually in October 2004, and currently produces 600 million PET bottles that cater to Radico's own captive consumption of 300 million bottles annually, while the sold to outside clients in liquor, pharmaceuticals and [[Fast-moving consumer goods|FMCG]].<ref name="radicokhaitan2">{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/rampurdistillery.html |title=Rampur Distillery |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=27 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227083514/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/rampurdistillery.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Companies it supplies include Keo Karpin Hair Oil, [[B.L. Agro Industries|BL Agro]] Ltd., Khandelwal Oils Ltd, Perfetti, [[Amrut Distilleries]], Allied Blenders & Bottlers Ltd, Jagatjit Industries, [[John Distilleries]], Khoday’s, [[Mohan Meakin]] and NICOL.<ref name="radicokhaitan1"/>

==IMFL brands==
Radico Khaitan manufactures [[whisky]], [[rum]], [[brandy]], [[vodka]] and [[gin]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/brands.html |title=Brands |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=29 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529210610/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/brands.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{col-begin}}
{{col-3}}
;Whisky
*RAMPUR Indian Single Malt
*8PM
*8PM Honey
*8PM Fire
*Radico-Gold-Whisky
*Crown whisky
*[[After Dark (whisky)|After Dark]]
*Royal Whytehall
*Royal Ranthambore
*Whytehall Honey Whisky
{{col-break}}
;Rum
*8 PM Bermuda
*Contessa Dark Rum
*Contessa White Rum
*Contessa Cola Rum
*Contessa Double Chocolate Rum
*Contessa Coffee Rum
*Black Cat Rum
*Afri Bull Cafe Rum
*Afri Bull Power Rum

;Vodka
*Magic Moments Vodka
*Magic Moments Remix Vodka
*Magic Moments verve vodka
*Magic moments verve Flavored Vodka
{{col-break}}
;Brandy
*8 PM Excellency Brandy
*Morpheus
*Morpheus Blue
*Old Admiral
*Florence

;Gin
*JAISALMER Indian Craft Gin
{{col-end}}

==Distilleries and units==

===Rampur Distillery===
Rampur Distillery, located in [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh]], is Radico Khaitan's first and largest distillery, with a production capacity of 125 million litres per annum. It manufactures high grade ENA from molasses and grain with a production capacity of 75 Million litres of molasses ENA, 30 million litres of grain neutral spirit and 460 thousands litres of malt whisky annually.<ref name="radicokhaitan2"/> Rampur Distillery also manufactures country liquor and IMFL, of which some IMFL meets the domestic requirement and the rest is exported.<ref name="radicokhaitan2"/>{{Additional citation needed|date=September 2021}}

The unit is self-sufficient in meeting its fuel and power requirements by utilizing its effluent for generating the biogas which, in turn, is utilized for generating the steam and power for its captive requirement. The distillery complies with the zero discharge concept set up by the [[Central Pollution Control Board]] (CPCB). Primary treatment of the [[effluent]] yields biogas, which is used as fuel in a Cogen boiler to generate [[steam]] and then power through a [[backpressure]] [[turbine]]. The backpressure steam is used again in the distillation plant to produce ENA and [[rectified spirit]]. The treated effluent is not discharged outside, in keeping with pollution control norms, and is in turn mixed and cured with organic mass like press mud of [[sugar mill]]s and suitable organic manures to manufacture bio manure or bio compost, a bio fertilizer used in growing crops like [[sugar cane]].

The cogeneration plant of the Rampur Distillery consists of 26 MT capacity of a stand-alone, biogas fired [[steam boiler]], a 2 MW turbine generator, a 30 MT capacity biogas and [[rice husk]] based boiler, and 2.5 MW in tandem to make the unit self-reliant in meeting power requirements for normal operation.<ref name="radicokhaitan2"/>

===Company owned units===
Radico Khaitan owns 5 units in India. Their locations are listed below:<ref name="radicokhaitan3">{{cite web |title=Company owned units |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/companyownedunits.html |url-status=dead |accessdate=29 July 2013 |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029191307/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/companyownedunits.html }}</ref>

* Rampur Distillery (Rampur, Uttar Pradesh)
* Thimmapur, [[Telangana]]
* [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]], Maharashtra
* [[Reengus]], [[Rajasthan]]
* [[Bajpur]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* [[Sitapur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]

===Associate units===
Radico Khaitan has affiliations with several bottling units across India. They are listed below, with their locations in brackets.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.radicokhaitan.com/bottlinguntis.html |title=Bottling units |publisher=Radicokhaitan.com |accessdate=29 July 2013 |archive-date=18 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018201527/http://www.radicokhaitan.com/bottlinguntis.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
;North
*NV Distilleries Ltd. ([[Haryana]])
*Himalayan Gold Beverages (P) Ltd. ([[Himachal Pradesh]])
*Oakland Bottlers Pvt. Ltd. ([[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]])
*New India Distillers ([[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]])
*Rajasthan Liquors (P) Ltd. ([[Punjab, India|Punjab]])
*NV Distilleries & Breweries Pvt. Ltd. ([[Punjab, India|Punjab]])

;East
*United Brothers Distilleries Pvt. Ltd. ([[Arunachal Pradesh]])
*Seven Sister Trade & Distilleries Pvt. Limited ([[Assam]])
*Goodhost Liquors Pvt. Ltd. ([[Bihar]])
*Gemini Distilleries Pvt. Ltd. ([[Jharkhand]])
*Bacchus Bottling Pvt. Ltd. ([[Odisha]])
*Diamond Bottling Plant company ([[West Bengal]])
{{col-break}}
;[[South India|South]]
*KALS Distilleries Carnataka pvt.ltd([[Karnataka]])
*Kamal Wineries ([[Andhra Pradesh]])
*Gowthami Agro Industries Pvt. Ltd ([[Andhra Pradesh]])
*GSB & Company ([[Andhra Pradesh]])
*Sri Venkateshwara Distilleries ([[Karnataka]])
*Nethravathi Distilleries Pvt. Ltd. ([[Karnataka]])
*Polsons Distillery ([[Kerala]])
*United Distilleries ([[Kerala]])
*Ravikumar Distilleries Limited ([[Puducherry (city)|Pondicherry]])
*Southern Agrifurane Industries Ltd. ([[Tamil Nadu]])
*SNJ Distillers Private Limited ([[Tamil Nadu]])
*Midas Golden Distilleries (Pvt) Ltd ([[Tamil Nadu]])
*Empee Distilleries Ltd. ([[Tamil Nadu]])

;West
*Bhatia Wines Merchants Pvt Ltd ([[Chhattisgarh]])
*Welcome Distilleries Pvt. Ltd. ([[Chhattisgarh]])
*Gwalior Distillers Ltd. ([[Madhya Pradesh]])
*Radico NV Distilleries Maharashtra Ltd. ([[Maharashtra]])
{{col-end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{portalbar|Liquor}}

[[Category:Drink companies of India]]
[[Category:Companies based in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Distilleries in India]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1943]]
[[Category:Food and drink companies established in 1943]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1943]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange]]

Rajapur Assembly constituency

2026-03-17T11:11:23Z

MHNNoella384131: put up new data first draft

{{Short description|Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Rajapur
| constituency_no = 267
| type = SLA
| state = [[Maharashtra]]
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| map_image = 267-Rajapur.svg
| loksabha_cons = [[Ratnagiri–Sindhudurg Lok Sabha constituency|Ratnagiri-Sindhudurg]]
| district = [[Ratnagiri district|Ratnagiri]]
| established = 1962
| reservation = None
| mla = [[Kiran Samant]]
| party = {{Party index link|Shiv Sena (2022–present)}}
| incumbent_image =
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| electors =238,455
}}
'''Rajapur Assembly constituency''' is one of the 288 [[Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) constituencies of [[Maharashtra]] state in western [[India]].<ref name=ceo>{{cite web|url=http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|title=District wise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website|accessdate=5 September 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225084439/http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|archivedate=25 February 2009|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Overview==
Rajapur constituency is one of the five Vidhan Sabha constituencies located in the [[Ratnagiri district]]. It comprises the entire Rajapur and Lanja tehsils and part of Sangameshwar tehsil of the district.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|publisher=The Election Commission of India|page=273}}</ref>

Rajapur is part of the [[Ratnagiri-Sindhudurg (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ratnagiri-Sindhudurg Lok Sabha constituency]] along with five other Vidhan Sabha segments, namely [[Ratnagiri Assembly constituency|Ratnagiri]] and [[Chiplun Assembly constituency|Chiplun]] in Ratnagiri district and [[Kankavli Assembly constituency|Kankavli]], [[Kudal Assembly constituency|Kudal]] and [[Sawantwadi Assembly constituency|Sawantwadi]] in the [[Sindhudurg district]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|publisher=The Election Commission of India|page=278}}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Member<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rajapur Vidhan Sabha Current MLA and Previous MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/maharashtra/assembly-constituencies/rajapur.html |access-date= |website=Elections in India}}</ref>
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
| [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| Sahadev Thakre
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| Laxman Hatankar
|{{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}
|-
| [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| Sahadev Thakre
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1978]]
| Laxman Hatankar
| {{Full party name with color|Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
| Narayan Tawde
|-
| [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
| rowspan=2|Laxman Hatankar
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
|-
| [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
| Vijay Salvi
| {{Full party name with color|Shiv Sena|rowspan=6}}
|-
| [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1999]]
| rowspan=2|Ganpat Kadam
|-
| [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
|-
| [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2009]]
| rowspan=3|[[Rajan Salvi]]
|-
| [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2014]]
|-
| [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2019]]
|-
| [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
|[[Kiran Samant]]
|{{Full party name with color|Shiv Sena (2022–present)}}
|}

==Election results==
===Assembly Election 2024===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Kiran Samant]] |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 80,256 |percentage = 52.53% |change={{increase}}2.13 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Rajan Salvi|Rajan Prabhakar Salvi]] |party=Shiv Sena (UBT) |votes = 60,579 |percentage = 39.65% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Avinash Shantaram Lad |party=Independent politician |votes = 7,945 |percentage = 5.20% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 1,834 |percentage = 1.20% |change={{decrease}}0.78 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Amrut Tambade (Dada) |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,204 |percentage = 0.79% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Rajendra Ravindranath Salvi |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,074 |percentage = 0.70% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Jadhav Sandeep Vishram |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,065 |percentage = 0.70% |change={{decrease}}0.42 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 19,677 |percentage = 12.88% |change= {{increase}}3.73 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 154,615 |percentage = 64.84% |change= {{increase}}9.50 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 152,781}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 238,455|ref = |change= }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Shiv Sena |swing= {{increase}}2.13 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2019===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref name="election2019">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2019 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Rajan Salvi|Rajan Prabhakar Salvi]] |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 65,433 |percentage = 50.40% |change={{decrease}}3.66 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Avinash Shantaram Lad |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 53,557 |percentage = 41.26% |change={{increase}}14.88 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Avinash Dhondu Soundalkar |party=Maharashtra Navnirman Sena |votes = 6,150 |percentage = 4.74% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 2,576 |percentage = 1.98% |change={{increase}}0.61 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Vilas Rajaram Khanvilker |party=Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha |votes = 1,862 |percentage = 1.43% |change={{increase}}0.11 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Mahendra Dharma Pawar |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,454 |percentage = 1.12% |change={{decrease}}0.43 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 11,876 |percentage = 9.15% |change= {{decrease}}18.54 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 132,569 |percentage = |change= {{decrease}}5.67 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 129,816}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 237,887|ref = |change= }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Shiv Sena |swing= {{decrease}}3.66 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2014===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref name="election2014">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2014/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2014 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Rajan Salvi|Rajan Prabhakar Salvi]] |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 76,266 |percentage = 54.07% |change={{increase}}2.02 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Desai Rajendra Alias Rajan Yashwant |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 37,204 |percentage = 26.37% |change={{decrease}}8.36 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ajit Ramesh Yashwanthrao |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 11,923 |percentage = 8.45% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Yadav Sanjay Atmaram |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 9,953 |percentage = 7.06% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Anand Babu Kamble |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 2,193 |percentage = 1.55% |change={{decrease}}0.98 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 1,935 |percentage = 1.37% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Pramila Bharati |party=Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha |votes = 1,875 |percentage = 1.33% |change={{increase}}0.03 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ramesh Dhakta Pajve |party=Bahujan Mukti Party |votes = 895 |percentage = 0.63% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 39,062 |percentage = 27.69% |change= {{increase}}10.38 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 143,077 |percentage = |change= {{decrease}}5.77 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 141,062}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 234,159|ref = |change= }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Shiv Sena |swing= {{increase}}2.02 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2009===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher= Chief Eletoral Officer, [[Maharashtra]]|title=General Elections to State Legislative Assembly 2009 |url=https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-url= http://web.archive.org/web/20240708005931/https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-date=8 July 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Rajan Salvi|Rajan Prabhakar Salvi]] |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 72,574 |percentage = 52.04% |change={{increase}}7.22 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kadam Ganpat Daulat |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 48,433 |percentage = 34.73% |change={{decrease}}14.04 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Saundalkar Avinash Dhondu |party=Maharashtra Navnirman Sena |votes = 5,390 |percentage = 3.87% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Matkar Shantaram Keshav |party=Independent politician |votes = 4,599 |percentage = 3.30% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Agre Hemant Shankar |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 3,529 |percentage = 2.53% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Arte Yuyutsu Ramakant |party=Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 3,119 |percentage = 2.24% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bharati Pramila Gambhirrai |party=Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha |votes = 1,809 |percentage = 1.30% |change={{decrease}}1.39 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 24,141 |percentage = 17.31% |change= {{increase}}13.36 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 139,521 |percentage = 66.05% |change= {{decrease}}1.29 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 139,453}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 211,245|ref = |change= {{increase}}51.46 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}3.27 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly By-election 2006===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2006 elections in India#Maharashtra|2006 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly by-election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/ByeElection/ByeOct2006/index.htm |title=Election Statistics - Bye Elections - October 2006 |access-date=21 December 2025 |website=old.eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Kadam Ganpat Daulat |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 45,778 |percentage = 48.77% |change={{increase}}10.17 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Rajan Salvi|Rajan Prabhakar Salvi]] |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 42,070 |percentage = 44.82% |change={{decrease}}11.26 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gothankar Mahadeo Krishnaji |party=Independent politician |votes = 3,502 |percentage = 3.73% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Khanvilkar Vilasrao Rajaram |party=Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha |votes = 2,518 |percentage = 2.68% |change={{decrease}}2.65 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,708 |percentage = 3.95% |change= {{decrease}}13.53 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 93,869 |percentage = 67.30% |change= {{increase}}0.69 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 93,868}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 139,476|ref = |change= {{decrease}}0.26 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Shiv Sena |swing= {{decrease}}7.31 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2004===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Kadam Ganpat Daulat |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 52,231 |percentage = 56.07% |change={{increase}}10.99 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Harish Sitaram Rogye |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 35,952 |percentage = 38.60% |change={{increase}}7.58 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bharati Pramila Gambhirrai |party=Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha |votes = 4,963 |percentage = 5.33% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 16,279 |percentage = 17.48% |change= {{increase}}3.41 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 93,147 |percentage = 66.61% |change= {{increase}}13.06 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 93,146}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 139,839|ref = |change= {{increase}}3.50 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Shiv Sena |swing= {{increase}}10.99 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1999===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117044316/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Kadam Ganpat Daulat |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 32,619 |percentage = 45.08% |change={{decrease}}13.27 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Hatankar Laxman Rangnath |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 22,441 |percentage = 31.02% |change={{increase}}3.18 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Arvind Shirsekar |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 9,415 |percentage = 13.01% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Salavi Vijayrao Alias Appa |party=Independent politician |votes = 5,800 |percentage = 8.02% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Pajave Ramesh Dhakata |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,562 |percentage = 2.16% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Vishwasarao Vamanrao Ramachandra |party=Independent politician |votes = 515 |percentage = 0.71% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 10,178 |percentage = 14.07% |change= {{decrease}}16.44 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 79,235 |percentage = 58.64% |change= {{decrease}}20.30 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 72,352}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 135,112|ref = |change= {{decrease}}0.56 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Shiv Sena |swing= {{decrease}}13.27 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1995===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1995 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121534/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Appa Alias Vijayrao Salvi |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 58,550 |percentage = 58.35% |change={{increase}}23.90 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Hatankar Laxman Rangnath |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 27,935 |percentage = 27.84% |change={{decrease}}20.20 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Malpekar Ramakant Shantaram |party=Janata Dal |votes = 8,670 |percentage = 8.64% |change={{decrease}}7.04 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhitale Raghunath Tanu |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,738 |percentage = 1.73% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Pawar Bhagaji Hari |party=Samajwadi Janata Party (Maharashtra) |votes = 1,634 |percentage = 1.63% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Vichare Ramesh Krishnarao |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,246 |percentage = 1.24% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 30,615 |percentage = 30.51% |change= {{increase}}16.92 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 103,609 |percentage = 76.25% |change= {{increase}}7.55 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 100,342}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 135,879|ref = |change= {{increase}}5.05 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}10.31 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1990===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117080722/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Hatankar Laxman Rangnath |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 41,197 |percentage = 48.04% |change={{decrease}}3.96 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Narvekar Chandrakant Balkrishna |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 29,543 |percentage = 34.45% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kaviskar Suhas |party=Janata Dal |votes = 13,445 |percentage = 15.68% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kamaluddin Shamsuddin Wadekar |party=Independent politician |votes = 892 |percentage = 1.04% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ayare Anant Ramchandra |party=Independent politician |votes = 678 |percentage = 0.79% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 11,654 |percentage = 13.59% |change= {{decrease}}0.31 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 87,973 |percentage = 68.01% |change= {{increase}}8.56 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 85,755}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 129,350|ref = |change= {{increase}}18.67 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}3.96 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1985===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117075119/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Hatankar Laxman Rangnath |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 32,726 |percentage = 52.00% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhikajirao Chavan |party=Janata Party |votes = 23,977 |percentage = 38.10% |change={{decrease}}1.51 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Khanvilkar Manmohan Pandurang |party=Independent politician |votes = 2,989 |percentage = 4.75% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Vichare Ramesh Krishnarao |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,579 |percentage = 2.51% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ramdas N. Rumde |party=Independent politician |votes = 925 |percentage = 1.47% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kamaluddin Shamsuddin Wadekar |party=Independent politician |votes = 741 |percentage = 1.18% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 8,749 |percentage = 13.90% |change= {{increase}}5.02 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 64,677 |percentage = 59.34% |change= {{increase}}13.64 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 62,937}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 109,001|ref = |change= {{increase}}6.50 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Janata Party |swing= {{increase}}12.40 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1980===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1980 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117083555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Tavade Narayan Sakharam |party=Janata Party |votes = 17,875 |percentage = 39.60% |change={{decrease}}31.07 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Thakare Sahadeo Mukund |party=Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 13,865 |percentage = 30.72% |change={{increase}}28.85 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Tatankar Laxman Rangannath |party=Independent politician |votes = 12,265 |percentage = 27.17% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Rumade Ramdas Namdeo |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,131 |percentage = 2.51% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 4,010 |percentage = 8.88% |change= {{decrease}}39.26 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 46,501 |percentage = 45.43% |change= {{decrease}}20.99 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 45,136}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 102,351|ref = |change= {{increase}}2.13 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Janata Party |loser = Janata Party |swing= {{decrease}}31.07 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1978===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629182050/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-date=29 June 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Hatankar Laxman Rangnath |party=Janata Party |votes = 46,099 |percentage = 70.67% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Thakare Sahadeo Mukund |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 14,693 |percentage = 22.53% |change={{decrease}}29.21 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Rumade Ramdas Namdeo |party=Independent politician |votes = 2,224 |percentage = 3.41% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ayare Anant Ramchandra |party=Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 1,217 |percentage = 1.87% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kazi Fakir Mohammad |party=Independent politician |votes = 996 |percentage = 1.53% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 31,406 |percentage = 48.15% |change= {{increase}}42.87 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 68,276 |percentage = 68.13% |change= {{increase}}5.88 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 65,229}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 100,219|ref = |change= {{increase}}39.49 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}18.94 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1972===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519183024/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-date=19 May 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Sahadev Mukund Thakre |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 22,006 |percentage = 51.73% |change={{increase}}22.78 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Laxman Rangnath Hatankar |party=Samyukta Socialist Party |votes = 19,761 |percentage = 46.46% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sadanand Shivram Chawan |party=Independent politician |votes = 770 |percentage = 1.81% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,245 |percentage = 5.28% |change= {{decrease}}24.36 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 44,786 |percentage = 62.34% |change= {{increase}}1.49 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 42,537}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 71,845|ref = |change= {{increase}}4.92 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Praja Socialist Party |swing= {{decrease}}6.86 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1967===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926233227/https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-date=26 September 2018|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Laxman Rangnath Hatankar |party=Praja Socialist Party |votes = 23,156 |percentage = 58.59% |change={{increase}}27.75 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sahadev Mukund Thakre |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 11,443 |percentage = 28.95% |change={{decrease}}10.49 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=P. R. Kinare |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 3,748 |percentage = 9.48% |change={{decrease}}12.41 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=K. F. M. Daood |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,174 |percentage = 2.97% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 11,713 |percentage = 29.64% |change= {{increase}}21.03 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 42,918 |percentage = 62.67% |change= {{increase}}16.72 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 39,521}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 68,479|ref = |change= {{increase}}31.67 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Praja Socialist Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}19.15 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1962===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117085627/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Sahadev Mukund Thakre |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 8,408 |percentage = 39.44% |change={{increase}}14.78 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Laxman Rangnath Hatankar |party=Praja Socialist Party |votes = 6,574 |percentage = 30.84% |change={{decrease}}44.5 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Purshottam Anant Shetye |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 4,667 |percentage = 21.89% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Wasudev Pandurang Chavan |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 1,669 |percentage = 7.83% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 1,834 |percentage = 8.60% |change= {{decrease}}42.08 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 23,544 |percentage = 45.27% |change= {{increase}}0.03 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 21,318}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 52,007|ref = |change= {{increase}}4.27 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Praja Socialist Party |swing= {{decrease}}35.90 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1957===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114093455/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf|archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Kulkarni Prabhat Mahadeo |party=Praja Socialist Party |votes = 15,394 |percentage = 75.34% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Subhedar Sitaram Murari |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 5,038 |percentage = 24.66% |change={{decrease}}16.4 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 10,356 |percentage = 50.69% |change= {{increase}}32.59 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 20,432 |percentage = 40.97% |change= {{increase}}7.57 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 20,432}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 49,876|ref = |change= {{decrease}}10.24 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Praja Socialist Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}34.29 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1952===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1952 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Rajapur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1951 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatReport_51_BOMBAY.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114083220/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatReport_51_BOMBAY.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Subhedar Sitaram Murari |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 7,618 |percentage = 41.06% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Narkar Gopal Balkrishna |party=Samajwadi Party |votes = 4,261 |percentage = 22.96% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Thakurdesai Mahadeo Vasudeo |party=Independent politician |votes = 2,246 |percentage = 12.10% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Murtuza S. A. |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 2,158 |percentage = 11.63% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Karangutkar Hari Sakharam |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,251 |percentage = 6.74% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Karambelkar Ramchandra Pandurang |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,021 |percentage = 5.50% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,015 |percentage = 10.86% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 18,555 |percentage = 33.39% |change= }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 18,555}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 55,567|ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Samajwadi Party |loser = |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Rajapur, Maharashtra|Rajapur]]
* [[List of constituencies of Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Ratnagiri district topics}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra}}
{{coords|16.66|73.52|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Ratnagiri district]]
[[Category:Politics of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Constituencies established in 1962]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in Maharashtra]]

Kuch Khattaa Ho Jaay

2026-03-10T13:39:20Z

MHNNoella384131: info

{{Short description|2024 Indian hindi film}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Kuch Khattaa Ho Jaay
| image = Kuch Khattaa Ho Jaay film poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[G. Ashok]]
| writer = Raj Saluja Niket Pandey Vijay Pal Singh
| screenplay = Raajj Salluja Niket Pandey Vijaypal Singh Shobhit Sinha
| producer = Amit Bhatia Laveena Bhatia
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Guru Randhawa]]
* [[Saiee Manjrekar]]
}}
| cinematography = R M Swamy
| music = [[Guru Randhawa]] [[Sachet-Parampara]] [[Meet Bros]] Sadhu Tiwari [[Nilesh Ahuja]]
| studio = Mach Films
| distributor = [[AA Films]]
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2024|02|16}}
| runtime = 125 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| gross = {{INR|1.50 crore}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2024 |title=Kuch Khattaa Ho Jaay Box Office Collection |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/kuch-khattaa-ho-jaay/box-office/ |access-date=7 March 2024 |website=Bollywood Hungama |language=en}}</ref>
}}'''''Kuch Khattaa Ho Jaay''''' ({{Translation|Let's get something sour}}) is a 2024 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[romantic comedy]] directed by [[G. Ashok]]. Produced under Mach Films, the film is written by Raj Saluj, Niket Pandey and Vijay Pal Singh and stars [[Guru Randhawa]] and [[Saiee Manjrekar]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Kuch Khattaa Ho JaayUA |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-details/kuch-khattaa-ho-jaay/movieshow/94688656.cms|access-date=16 February 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Heer and Iraa, deeply in love, decide to marry to escape familial pressure. Heer promises to support Iraa's dream of becoming an IAS officer. However, a misunderstanding arises when their families mistakenly believe that Heer is pregnant. Chaos ensues as both families react to the news, leading to both comedic and dramatic situations. Heer and Iraa must navigate the misunderstanding while also pursuing their dreams and keeping their love strong amidst turmoil.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Guru Randhawa]] as Heer
* [[Saiee Manjrekar]] as Iraa
* [[Brahmanandam]] as Lucky Bhalla
* [[Anupam Kher]] as Heer's grandfather
* [[Ila Arun]]
* Atul Srivastava
* [[Paresh Ganatra]]
* Paritosh Tripathi
}}

== Soundtrack ==
Music by

Guru Randhawa, Meet Bros, Star Boy Loc, Zahrah S Khan, Sachet-Parampara, Kumaar, Sadhu S. Tiwari, Niket Pandey & Nilesh Ahuja

Tracklist :

1 - Bottley Kholo - Guru Randhawa, Meet Bros & STAR BOY LOC

2 - Ishare Tere - Guru Randhawa & Zahrah S. Khan

3 - Jeena Sikhaya - Sachet-Parampara, Guru Randhawa, Parampara Tandon & Kumaar

4 - Raja Rani - Guru Randhawa

5 - Jhol Jhal - Sadhu S Tiwari & Niket Pandey

6 - Happy Birthday - Sadhu S Tiwari & Niket Pandey

7 - Iss Baar Jo Chale Gaye - Nilesh Ahuja, Ravi Kumar Mishra & Kumaar

== Release ==
The film was released on 16 February 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=In Pics: Guru Randhawa makes Bollywood debut with 'Kuch Khatta Ho Jaay'; Nushrratt Bharuccha, Ayesha Khan attend premiere |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/photo/in-pics-guru-randhawa-makes-bollywood-debut-with-kuch-khatta-ho-jaay-nushrratt-bharuccha-ayesha-khan-attend-premiere-99487/1 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|22543124}}
* {{Bollywood Hungama movie|kuch-khattaa-ho-jaay}}

[[Category:2024 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:2024 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films distributed by AA Films]]

{{2020s-Hindi-film-stub}}

Mahuda Junction railway station

2026-03-07T13:57:54Z

MHNNoella384131:

{{Short description|Railway station in Jharkhand, India}}
{{distinguish|Mahuva Junction railway station}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox station
| name = [[File:Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg|50px]] {{font color|blue|MAHUDA JUNCTION}}
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang =
| type = [[Regional rail]] and [[Light rail]] station
| style = Indian Railways
| image = mahuda1.png
| image_caption = Durunto passing through Mahuda Junction
| address = NH 18(NH 32), Mahuda, [[Dhanbad district]], [[Jharkhand]]
| country = India
| coordinates = {{Coord| 23.747542 |N|86.270312 |E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| elevation = {{Convert|205.00|m|ft}}
| line = Howrah–Kharagpur–Gomoh line Howrah–Kharagpur–Bokaro line Dhanbad–Mahuda–Chandrapura line [[Asansol–Tatanagar–Kharagpur line]]
| other =
| structure = Standard
| platform = 2
| tracks = 11
| parking = Available
| opened = {{start date and age|1907}}
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| electrified = {{start date and age|1986}}
| code = {{Indian railway code
| code = MHQ
| zone = [[South Eastern Railway zone]]
| division = {{rwd|Adra}}
}}
| owned = Government of India
| operator = Indian Railways
| status = Functional
| former = Mohuda
| passengers = 30000+
| pass_year =
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| map_type = India#India Jharkhand#India
| map_dot_label = Mahuda Junction
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location with Mahuda
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-caption = Interactive map of Mahuda Junction
| mapframe-custom = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=300|frame-height=180|zoom=14|type=point|marker=rail}}
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Indian Railways
|line=South Eastern Railway zone|left=Jamuniatand|right=Talgoria|type=[[Chandrapura–Mahuda–Bhojudih branch line]]
|line2=South Eastern Railway zone|left2=Khanudih|right2=Malkera JN|type2=[[Gomoh–Bhaga branch line]]}}
| services_collapsible = yes
| route_map = {{Railways in Jharia Coalfield|inline=y}}
}}
'''Mahuda Junction railway station''' is a railway station near NH 18 previously NH32, [[Mahuda|Mahuda Bazaar]] in [[Dhanbad district]], [[Jharkhand]] state. It is operated by [[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern Railway]] [[Adra railway division|Adra division]]. Its code is MHQ. It is one of cleanest stations of Dhanbad despite its use for coal transportation.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} It is nearest to the Katras Baghmara and Dhanbad as it became the other substitute station for [[Dhanbad Junction railway station|Dhanbad Junction]]. Ii is just 19 km from the area main junction. It is nearest to [[Bokaro Steel City]]. It is a good location both for Bokaro and Dhanbad. The important train is Nandan Kanan Express (ndls-puri).<ref>{{cite web|title=Trains|url=http://indianrailways.info/stations/MHQ/|publisher=Indian Railways|access-date=15 July 2016}}</ref> It is mainly in function for Washeries i.e. Mahuda, Moonidih .
The direct trains for major city like [[Ranchi]], [[Rourkela]], [[Nagpur]], [[Kharagpur]], [[Howrah]], [[New Delhi]], [[Kanpur]], [[Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh|Fatehpur]], [[Allahabad]], [[Puri]], [[Bhubaneswar]], [[Cuttack]], [[Surat]], [[Bokaro Steel City|Bokaro]], [[Adra, Purulia|Adra]], [[Gaya, India|Gaya]], [[Mughalsarai]], [[Asansol]], [[English Bazar|Malda]]

==History==
The [[Bengal Nagpur Railway]] extended its then mainline, the Nagpur–Asansol line, to Netaji S.C.Bose Gomoh, on [[East Indian Railway Company|East Indian Railway's]] main line, in 1907. The Mohuda–Chandrapura branch line was opened in 1913.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,1 |title=Major Events in the Formation of S.E. Railway |publisher=South Eastern Railway |access-date=25 April 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130401151628/http://www.ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0%2C1 |archive-date= 1 April 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref>

==Electrification==
The Bhaga–Mahuda and Mahuda–Gomoh and Mahuda–Chandrapura sectors were electrified in 1985–88.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://irfca.org/docs/electrification-history.html|title = History of Electrification| publisher= IRFCA| access-date = 20 April 2013}}</ref>

==Passenger movement==
Mahuda railway station serves around 70K passengers every month.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://railenquiry.in/stationinfo/MHQ |title= Mahuda Junction | publisher= Indian Rail Enquiry| access-date = 16 July 2013}}</ref>

==Trains stop==
'''Super-Fast'''

*12815/16 Puri–New Delhi [[Nandan Kanan Express]]

'''Mail/Express'''

*18627/28 Ranchi–Howrah Intercity Express
*15660/61 Kamakhya–Ranchi Express
*13425/26 Surat-Malda Town Express
*13304/05 Ranchi–Dhanbad Intercity Express
*13403/04 Ranchi–Bhagalpur [[Vananchal Express]]
*18605/06 Ranchi–Jaynagar Express
*08627/28 Howrah–Ranchi Special Express

'''Passenger train'''
*58013/14 Bokaro Steel City–Howrah Express
*58033/34 Bokaro Steel City–Ranchi Passenger (same boggie )
*58603/04 Kharagpur–Gomoh Passenger
*68079/80 Bhojudih–Chandrapura MEMU
*68071/-- Adra–Khanudih MEMU
*68074/-- Khanudih–Bhojudih MEMU
*68017/18 Gomoh–Chakardharpur MEMU

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://indiarailinfo.com/departures/2332 Train time table]
* http://www.onlinesanyog.weebly.com/
* http://www.dhanbad.nic.in/

{{Railway stations in Jharkhand}}

[[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 1913]]
[[Category:Railway junction stations in Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Dhanbad district]]
[[Category:Adra railway division]]

{{Jharkhand-railstation-stub}}

Oru Mexican Aparatha

2026-03-07T05:03:00Z

MHNNoella384131: new - done

{{short description|Malayalam film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Oru Mexican Aparatha
| image = Oru Mexican Aparatha poster.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Tom Emmatty]]
| producer = [[Anoop Kannan]]
| writer = [[Tom Emmatty]]
| based_on = 
| starring = {{ubl|[[Tovino Thomas]]|[[Neeraj Madhav]]|[[Roopesh Peethambaran]]|[[Gayathri Suresh]]|Ajith P. V.}}
| narrator = [[Ranjith (director)|Ranjith]]
| music = '''Songs:''' Manikandan Ayyappa '''Additional Song:''' Renjith Chittade '''Score:''' [[Gopi Sundar]]
| cinematography = [[Prakash Velayudhan]]
| editing = [[Shameer Muhammed]]
| studio = Anoop Kannan Stories
| distributor = Anoop Kannan Stories Release
| runtime = 
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Malayalam]]
| budget = ₹ 2.68 crore
| gross = {{INR}} 21 crore<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mathrubhumi.com/gulf/uae/news/dubai-1.1811737|title = മെക്സിക്കന്‍ അപാരതയ്ക്ക് ഗള്‍ഫിലും വരവേല്‍പ്പ്‌}}</ref>
| released = {{Film date|2017|03|03|df=yes}}
}}

'''''Oru Mexican Aparatha''''' (English: ''A Mexican Crime'') is a [[List of Malayalam films of 2017|2017]] Indian [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam]]-language [[political film|political]] [[drama film]] directed by [[Tom Emmatty]]. The film stars [[Tovino Thomas]], [[Neeraj Madhav]], and [[Roopesh Peethambaran]]. It was released on 3 March 2017 in India.<ref>oru-mexican-aparatha-box-office-collection-first-day-collection</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=May 2025}}<ref>review-oru-mexican-aparatha-malayalam-movie-audience-responses</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=May 2025}} The movie was a blockbuster at the box office and served as a major breakthrough for Tovino Thomas as it established him as one of the biggest leading stars in Malayalam cinema.

==Plot==
Sakhavu Kochaniyan is a strong [[leftist]] who, during [[The Emergency (India)|The Emergency]] period, conducted a successful protest and established the SFY party in the famous [[Maharaja's College, Ernakulam]]. However, he is soon betrayed by a comrade and killed by the police, shouting the phrase '[[Inquilab Zindabad]]!' to his last breath.

Now, in the mid-2000s, the college is under the leadership of the KSQ activists Roopesh, Shiyaz, and their fellow activists. Paul is a student from [[Thrissur]] who has come to the college to study. He is a typical student and becomes friends with Subhash, Joby, and Krishnan, and starts to fall in love with Anu. Subhash has long hated the KSQ's leadership and their abuse of power in the college and plans to re-introduce the SFY party in the college before the next election. Subhash is shown as a clever, [[left-wing]] ideologist, and tries to bring his friends, including Paul, into the party. Krishnan, who came from [[Irinjalakuda]], is also seen as a strong figure, but not completely absorbed in the leftist ideology. There is eventually a skirmish between Subhash's gang and a bunch of people led by KSQ activist Kanjan, but it's stopped safely.

Meanwhile, Paul tells Anu that he loves her, and she tells him, as a joke, that she loves him back. Paul falls under the illusion that it's real love and not friendship. In a local [[Kerala School Kalolsavam|Kalolsavam]], Roopesh and his party select the students who are taking part, but they reject a girl who wants to participate in four activities. Seeing this, Subhash decides to sign the girl up for the Kalotsavam without the others knowing. The girl wins but Roopesh cunningly makes the girl join his group and takes all the credit.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Tovino Thomas]] in a dual role as:
** Paul Varghese
** Kochaniyan
* [[Neeraj Madhav]] as Subhash
* [[Roopesh Peethambaran]] as Roopesh
* [[Gayathri Suresh]] as Anu
* [[Sudheer Karamana]]
* [[Sudhi Koppa]] as Lonappan
* [[Hareesh Peradi]]
* [[Manesh Kumar]]
* [[Subeesh Sudhi]] as Rajeshettan
* [[Kalabhavan Shajon]] as Shiyaz
* [[Ajith P V]] as Student
* [[Jino John]] as Kanjan
* Anas Haneef
* [[Meghna Nair]]
* Anjali P Nair
* [[Megha Mathew]] as Ardra
* Vishnu Govindan as Jomey
* Sarath Chandran as Rohit
* Akhil Nambolan
* Sobin Mazhaveedu
* Vimal Kumar as Ullaass
* [[Sunil Sukhada]] as Collage Sir
}}

==Differences from history==

In real life, Jino John, a [[Kerala Students Union]] (KSU, which is shown to be KSQ in the film) representative, won against the left-aligned [[Students' Federation of India]] (SFI, depicted as SFY in the film) candidate in the Maharajas College union elections on 1 October 2010. It was after almost 30 years that a KSU leader became the chairman of Maharajas College.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jino John : The hero of Oru Mexican Aparatha's real story|url=http://onlookersmedia.in/latestnews/jino-john-hero-oru-mexican-aparathas-real-story|publisher=Onlookers Media|access-date=1 April 2019|date=5 March 2017}}</ref> Jino also acted in the movie as a KSQ activist. Indian diplomat, [[Venu Rajamony]], was the last person who was elected as the chairman from the panel of KSU during 1980–81.<ref>{{Cite web|title=KSU wins chairman's post in Maharaja's College|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2010/oct/02/ksu-wins-chairmans-post-in-maharajas-college-191717.html|access-date=2017-04-04|website=The New Indian Express|date=16 May 2012 }}</ref> Many criticised it as a rewriting of very recent history in favour of left-wing politics using the convenience of [[Artistic license|cinematic liberty]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=മാലിക്: പറഞ്ഞതും പറയാത്തതും: OUT OF FOCUS: Malik Malayalam Movie Review|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cno2UXG0Bg8|access-date=2021-07-17|website=YouTube Channel of MediaOne| date=16 July 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title='മാലിക്ക്' മറ്റൊരു 'മെക്സിക്കൻ അപാരത'യെന്ന് ഒമർ ലുലു, മനസിലാകാത്തവർക്കായി ഒരു പത്രക്കട്ടിങ്ങും|url=https://www.samakalikamalayalam.com/chalachithram-film/2021/jul/16/director-omar-lulu-about-malik-movie-125801.html|access-date=2021-07-17|website=Samakalika Malayalam|date=16 July 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title='ചങ്ക്സ് പോലുള്ള ചിത്രം ചെയ്ത ആള്‍ക്ക് മാലിക്കിനെ വിമർശിക്കാൻ എന്ത് യോഗ്യത'; മറുപടിയുമായി ഒമർ|url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/movie-news/2021/07/17/omar-lulu-criticises-malik-movie-social-media-debate.html|access-date=2021-07-17|website=Malayala Manorama Online}}</ref>

A leftist leader named Kochaniyan is shown to be studying at the same college in Ernakulam in the flashback of the film. The character he was based on was a real person by the name of R. K. Kochaniyan, who was a student of [[Sri C. Achutha Menon Government College]], [[Thrissur]], and a member of SFI Thrissur District Committee. He was also the College Union General Secretary and was killed by a KSU activists at Calicut University Art Fest in the year 1992.<ref>{{cite web|title=R. K. Kochaniyan|url=http://sficec.org/martyrs/200-r-k-kochaniyan|publisher=Students Federation of India Central Executive Committee, New Delhi|access-date=2 April 2017}}</ref>

== Filming ==
The film was shot mainly in [[Maharaja's College, Ernakulam]] and [[Fertilisers and Chemicals Travancore|FACT]] in [[Kochi]].

== Overseas ==
The overseas distribution rights of the film ''Oru Mexican Aparatha'' are handled by Josemon Simon. With his expertise and strong network, Josemon Simon played a key role in bringing the film to audiences across the globe, ensuring its message and impact resonated beyond India.

==Soundtrack==
<ref>{{cite web|title=ഒരു മെക്സിക്കൻ അപാരതയിലെ ഗാനങ്ങൾ റിലീസ് ചെയ്തു|url=http://keralaonlinenews.com/Video/Oru-Mexican-Aparatha-Audio-Songs-15873.html|publisher=kerala online news|access-date=6 March 2017|date=10 February 2017}}{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = {{Duration|m=|s=}}
| title1 = Emanmare Emanmare
| extra1 = Shebin Mathew
| music1 = Renjith Chittade
| lyrics1 = Renjith Chittade
| length1 = 2:06
| title2 = Aakaasha Kuda
| extra2 = Nithin Raj & [[Sulfiq.L]]
| music2 = Manikandan Ayyappa
| lyrics2 = [[Rafeeq Ahammed]]
| length2 =
| title3 = Ivalaaro
| extra3 = [[Vijay Yesudas]]
| music3 = Manikandan Ayyappa
| lyrics3 = [[Rafeeq Ahammed]]
| length3 =
| title4 = Munneraan Samayamayi
| extra4 = Franko
| music4 = Manikandan Ayyappa
| lyrics4 = [[Anil Panachooran]]
| length4 =
| title5 = Kalippu Katta Kalippu
| extra5 = [[Arunraja Kamaraj]] Manikandan Ayyappan
| music5 = Manikandan Ayyappa
| lyrics5 = Tom Emmatty
| length5 =
}}

==Reception==
The film grossed {{INR}}2.07 crore on the opening day at the Kerala box office with a distributor's share of {{INR}}98 lakh. Asianet bought the Satellite rights of the film for an amount of 3.25 crores. The producer Anoop Kannan earned approximately 10 crores in profit from this movie.

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|6010630}}

[[Category:2017 films]]
[[Category:Indian political drama films]]
[[Category:Films about communism]]
[[Category:Films shot in Kochi]]
[[Category:2017 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Twins in Indian films]]

Raman Ethanai Ramanadi

2026-03-04T04:54:40Z

MHNNoella384131: new

{{short description|1970 film by P. Madhavan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Raman Ethanai Ramanadi
| image = Raman Ethanai Ramanadi poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[P. Madhavan]]
| writer = Bala Murugan
| producer = P. Madhavan
| starring = [[Sivaji Ganesan]] [[K. R. Vijaya]] [[R. Muthuraman|Muthuraman]]
| cinematography = [[P. N. Sundaram]]
| editing = R. Devarajan
| music = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| studio = Arun Prasad Movies
| released = {{film date|df=yes|1970|8|15}}
| runtime = 146 minutes{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|page=217}}
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Raman Ethanai Ramanadi''''' ({{IPAc-en|r|ɑː|m|ə|n}} {{Translation|Raman, how many Ramans?}}) is a 1970 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] produced and directed by [[P. Madhavan]] and written by Bala Murugan. The film stars [[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[K. R. Vijaya]] and [[R. Muthuraman|Muthuraman]]. It revolves around a village bumpkin who rises to become a [[movie star]], but his life changes following a traumatising incident.

''Raman Ethanai Ramanadi'' was released on 15 August 1970 and became a commercial success, running for over 100 days in theatres. It won the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil]]. Madhavan also directed the [[Hindi]] remake ''[[Ram Tere Kitne Nam]]'' (1985).<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2020 |title=பொன்விழா படங்கள்: ராமன் எத்தனை ராமனடி |trans-title=Golden Jubilee movies: ''Raman Ethanai Ramanadi'' |url=https://cinema.dinamalar.com/tamil-news/89315/cinema/Kollywood/Raman-Ethanai-Ramanadi.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200814052430/https://cinema.dinamalar.com/tamil-news/89315/cinema/Kollywood/Raman-Ethanai-Ramanadi.htm |archive-date=14 August 2020 |access-date=14 August 2020 |website=[[Dinamalar]] |language=ta}}</ref>

== Plot ==
"Saappattu" Raman is a bumpkin living in the village [[Poongudi]]. Having lost his parents in his childhood, he was raised by his grandmother. One day Raman gets a [[seizure]], falls into the village tank and almost drowns until a woman named Devaki, who was informed by a witness, saves him. Devaki is the younger sister of Minor Rajarathnam, a [[zamindar]] and the richest man in the village, and has just returned from [[Chennai|Madras]]. Raman becomes infatuated with Devaki, who only feels affection for him because of his childish nature, which others misinterpret as love.

At night, Raman breaks into Devaki's bedroom and declares his love for her; to prove it, he jumps out of the window and survives the fall, only breaking a leg. After recovering, he visits Rajarathnam and requests him for permission to marry Devaki. Rajarathnam humiliates and beats Raman up, citing the fact that there are millionaire suitors for Devaki whereas Raman is poor. In response, Raman vows to become rich and marry Devaki. He then leaves to Madras looking for his fortune.

In Madras, Raman struggles to earn money while doing menial jobs. He meets his best friend Mookurinji, now a film actor known as Gopi. With his help, Raman joins the film industry. At a shooting spot a writer is looking for someone to recite a dialogue. When no one volunteers, Raman jumps in and tries to impress the writer. His recitation does not impress the writer, but his enthusiasm and spirit wins the director's favour. He soon becomes a successful [[movie star]] known as Vijayakumar.

Raman returns to Poongudi, dreaming to marry Devaki, but is shattered upon learning that she was forced to marry Muthu, a rich man, under compulsion from her brother. Heartbroken, he returns to Madras. A few days later, he finds Devaki and she tells him about the cowardly Muthu and that she left him. The reason being that after ill-treating her, he took her to a party. There his friend Balu tried to rape her and threatened to shoot anyone trying to stop him. Muthu fled for his life, forcing Devaki to knock Balu out with a vase. After hearing this, Raman offers to take care of her which she refuses.

Balu again tries to rape Devaki, who kills him this time. Devaki runs to Raman and gives him her baby daughter Sumathi to take care of her while she surrenders to the police. Using his influence, Raman helps Devaki receive a reduced sentence of five years. Meanwhile Raman brings up and educates Sumathi. Having squandered his wealth, Muthu becomes the school bus driver of Sumathi and Sumathi realises he is missing his wife. She meets his wife (her mother) at jail coincidentally. Raman is with Sumathi during this meeting but Devaki stops him from speaking. Completing her jail sentence, Devaki becomes a teacher in a small school letting Raman know of her whereabouts.

Time moves on as Sumathi goes to college, being brought up as a well mannered girl by Raman. She then falls in love with Gopi. Raman agrees to their marriage. He informs Devaki and requests her presence. When he brings Devaki home, Sumathi is absent as she has gone to a party. Raman rushes to the party and finds an attempt to rape Sumathi taking place. He fights the rapist but an attack by the rapist triggers a seizure, due to which Raman loses control and accidentally kills him. Sumathi saves Raman and brings him home by taxi. But Raman calls the police to surrender. He also reunites Muthu, who drove the taxi, with his family.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Sivaji Ganesan]] as "Saappattu" Raman / "Actor" Vijayakumar / [[Shivaji|Veera Sivaji]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=ராம்ஜி |first=வி. |date=29 October 2018 |title=ஒரேநாளில் ரெண்டு சிவாஜி படங்கள் – எங்கிருந்தோ வந்தாள், சொர்க்கம்; 48 வருடங்கள்! |trans-title=Two Sivaji films in one day – Engirundho Vandhal, Sorgam; 48 years! |url=https://www.kamadenu.in/news/cinema/8577-sivaji-2-films-3.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107145105/https://www.kamadenu.in/news/cinema/8577-sivaji-2-films-3.html |archive-date=7 November 2018 |access-date=4 April 2019 |website=[[Kamadenu (magazine)|Kamadenu]] |language=ta}}</ref>
*[[K. R. Vijaya]] as Devaki{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|page=217}}
*[[R. Muthuraman|Muthuraman]] as Vasu
*[[M. N. Nambiar]] as Minor Rajarathnam{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|page=217}}
*[[S. V. Ramadas]] as Balu{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|page=218}}
*[[Senthamarai (actor)|Senthamarai]] as Alliyur Valliyappan
*[[S. N. Lakshmi]] as " Aaya " Raman's grandmother<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2019 |title=செல்லுலாய்ட் பெண்கள் |trans-title=Celluloid girls |url=https://www.dinakaran.com/Ladies_Detail.asp?Nid=6633 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200430144725/http://www.dinakaran.com/Ladies_Detail.asp?Nid=6633 |archive-date=30 April 2020 |access-date=18 August 2020 |website=[[Dinakaran]] |language=ta}}</ref>
*[[M. Bhanumathi]] as Sumathi{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|page=217}}
*[[Baby Rani]] as Young Sumathi{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|page=219}}
*[[Pakoda Kadhar]] as Sappattu Raman Friend,s
*[[Pattom Sadan]] as Sappattu Raman Friend,s
*[[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]] as Actor Padmini
*[[V. Nagaiah]] as Director Nagaiah
*[[Kathadi Ramamurthy]] as Assistant Director
*[[Goundamani]] as the bus driver (uncredited){{Sfn|Chelliah|2020|loc=chpt. என்னது? இது கவுண்டமணியா? [What? Is this Goundamani?]}}
*Comedy Shanmugam as Villager
*Aalam as Dancer
}}

== Production ==
''Raman Ethanai Ramanadi'' was produced and directed by [[P. Madhavan]] under the Arun Prasad Movies banner, and written by Bala Murugan. Cinematography was handled by [[P. N. Sundaram]], and editing by R. Devarajan.{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|page=217}} The film's title was derived from the song from ''[[Lakshmi Kalyanam (1968 film)|Lakshmi Kalyanam]]'' (1968).<ref>{{Cite web |last=ராம்ஜி |first=வி. |date=16 December 2022 |title=இயக்குநர் பி.மாதவன் : சிவாஜியை ரசித்துக் காதலித்து படங்கள் எடுத்த படைப்பாளி! |url=https://kamadenu.hindutamil.in/cinema/director-b-madhavan-creator-who-loved-shivaji-and-made-films |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218054220/https://kamadenu.hindutamil.in/cinema/director-b-madhavan-creator-who-loved-shivaji-and-made-films |archive-date=18 December 2022 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=[[Kamadenu (magazine)|Kamadenu]] |language=ta}}</ref> The protagonist "Saapaattu" Raman was inspired by a man Madhavan knew in his native town [[Walajapet]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |last1=டாக்டர் |last2=மாதவன் |first2=பி. |author-link2=P. Madhavan |date=1 September 1970 |title=ராமன் எத்தனை ராமனடி |trans-title=Raman, how many Ramans? |url=https://ibb.co/QM8wNQn |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221118082501/https://ibb.co/QM8wNQn |archive-date=18 November 2022 |access-date=18 November 2022 |magazine=[[Thuglak]] |pages=38–39 |language=ta}}</ref> In the 1940s, [[Sivaji Ganesan]] portrayed the [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] king [[Shivaji]] in the play ''Sivaji Kanda Hindu Rajyam'', written by [[C. N. Annadurai]]. A portion from the play was re-enacted in the film as a [[story within a story]] with permission from Annadurai's family. [[Kannadasan]] wrote the dialogues for the portion.{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|page=218}}{{Sfn|Ganesan|Narayana Swamy|2007|p=184}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vamanan |author-link=Vamanan |date=25 December 2017 |title=மராட்டிய வீரர் சிவாஜியை நடிகர் சிவாஜி கணேசன் சந்தித்ததும் சந்திக்காமல் போனதும்! |url=http://www.dinamalarnellai.com/web/news/40994/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E2%80%98%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E2%80%99-%E2%80%93-108 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819114959/http://www.dinamalarnellai.com/web/news/40994/%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AF%2588%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AE%25A3%25E0%25AE%25BF-%25E0%25AE%25B5%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AE%25A9%25E0%25AE%25A9%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25A9%25E0%25AF%258D-%25E2%2580%2598%25E0%25AE%25A8%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25B4%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25B2-%25E0%25AE%25A8%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%259C%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%258D%25E2%2580%2599-%25E2%2580%2593-108 |archive-date=19 August 2018 |access-date=19 August 2018 |website=[[Dinamalar]] |language=ta |location=Nellai}}</ref> Ganesan's character acts in many [[nested film]]s for which footage from Ganesan's films such as ''[[Parasakthi (1952 film)|Parasakthi]]'' (1952), ''[[Pasamalar]]'' (1961), ''[[Paava Mannippu]]'' (1961) and ''[[Navarathri (1964 film)|Navarathri]]'' (1964) was used.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 March 2019 |title=சரித்திர நாயகன் சிவாஜி – தேவிபாரதி |trans-title=Historical Hero Sivaji – Devibharathi |url=https://minnambalam.com/k/2019/03/21/17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200904152401/https://minnambalam.com/k/2019/03/21/17 |archive-date=4 September 2020 |access-date=4 September 2020 |website=Minnambalam |language=ta}}</ref> This is the first film to feature [[Goundamani]] in a speaking role.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 June 2021 |title=450 படங்களில், கவுண்டமணி |trans-title=Goundamani acted in 450 films |url=https://www.dailythanthi.com/Cinema/CinemaNews/2021/06/04204930/In-450-films-actor-Koundaamani.vpf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613113106/https://www.dailythanthi.com/Cinema/CinemaNews/2021/06/04204930/In-450-films-actor-Koundaamani.vpf |archive-date=13 June 2021 |access-date=21 January 2022 |work=[[Dina Thanthi]] |language=ta}}</ref>

== Themes ==
Film historian [[Mohan Raman]] notes that the film has many references to Ganesan's personal life. He believes the scene, where Raman asks a character if he really looks like he is ignorant of politics, was Ganesan's retort to the political party [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] since they had previously questioned his knowledge in politics.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Darshan |first=Navein |date=11 February 2019 |title=I, me, myself |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/trends/2019/feb/11/i-me-myself-10060.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404061459/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/trends/2019/feb/11/i-me-myself-10060.html |archive-date=4 April 2019 |access-date=4 April 2019 |work=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref> Historian [[G. Dhananjayan]] considered the film to be similar to ''[[Server Sundaram]]'' (1964) because it features "an ordinary and innocent man becoming a film hero overnight for the sake of his lady love", with the difference being "the love of [Raman] for Devaki and the sacrifices he makes till the end for his ex-lover and her child".{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|page=219}}

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[M. S. Viswanathan]] and the lyrics were written by Kannadasan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Raman Ethanai Ramanadi (1970) |url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=t0000746 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815235030/http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=t0000746 |archive-date=15 August 2014 |access-date=9 May 2014 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/download/sok.RamanEtthanaiRamanadi_P.Madhavan_1970/86.%20RamanEtthanaiRamanadi_P.Madhavan_1970.pdf |title=ராமன் எத்தனை ராமனடி |publisher=Arun Prasad Movies |year=1970 |language=ta |type=[[song book]] |access-date=18 November 2022 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Ammadi Ponnukku
| extra1 = [[T. M. Soundararajan]]
| length1 = 3:40
| title2 = Ammadi Ponnukku
| note2 = sad
| extra2 = T. M. Soundararajan
| length2 = 2:49
| title3 = Chera Chola Pandiyar
| extra3 = [[L. R. Eswari]], [[P. Madhuri]]
| length3 = 4:47
| title4 = Chithirai Maadham
| extra4 = [[P. Susheela]]
| length4 = 3:59
| title5 = Nilavu Vanthu
| extra5 = P. Susheela
| length5 = 4:22
| total_length = 19:37
}}

== Release and reception ==
''Raman Ethanai Ramanadi'' was released on 15 August 1970.<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 August 1970 |title=Raman Ethanai Ramanadi |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19700815&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=25 October 2017 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=12 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> ''[[Shankar's Weekly]]'' wrote, "The basic ingredients of an average Tamil film are no less in number and variety than those of a Bombay film. If anything, there is an excess on the part of the Tamil film. [...] The story is absurd even by Madras standards. One cannot doubt the range of histrionics that Sivaji is capable of exhibiting, but it needs a tough director to get him to do what is wanted. Madhavan does not seem to be one. Hence some avoidable overacting by Sivaji."<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=1971 |title=Raman Ethanai Ramanadi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJkcAQAAMAAJ&q=%22story+is+absurd%22 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121072813/https://books.google.com/books?id=RJkcAQAAMAAJ&q=%22story+is+absurd%22 |archive-date=21 January 2022 |access-date=26 March 2021 |magazine=[[Shankar's Weekly]] |page=27 |volume=24}}</ref> The film ran for over 100 days in theatres,{{Sfn|Ganesan|Narayana Swamy|2007|p=242}} and won the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eighteenth National Awards for Films |url=http://dff.nic.in/2011/17th_NFF_1971.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232354/http://dff.nic.in/2011/17th_NFF_1971.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=18 August 2020 |publisher=[[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Ministry of Information and Broadcasting]]}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{Cite book |last=Chelliah |first=John Durai Asir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bNLrDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D+%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88+%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%22&pg=PT29 |title=Prabalangalum Prachanaigalum |publisher=Pustaka Digital Media |year=2020 |language=ta}}
* {{Cite book |last=Dhananjayan |first=G. |author-link=G. Dhananjayan |title=Pride of Tamil Cinema: 1931–2013 |title-link=Pride of Tamil Cinema |publisher=Blue Ocean Publishers |year=2014 |oclc=898765509}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Ganesan |first1=Sivaji |author-link=Sivaji Ganesan |title=Autobiography of an Actor: Sivaji Ganesan, October 1928 – July 2001 |title-link=Autobiography of an Actor |last2=Narayana Swamy |first2=T. S. |publisher=Sivaji Prabhu Charities Trust |year=2007 |oclc=297212002 |orig-date=2002}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}

{{P. Madhavan}}
{{NationalFilmAwardBestFeatureFilmTamil}}

[[Category:1970 drama films]]
[[Category:1970 films]]
[[Category:1970 Indian films]]
[[Category:1970 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Best Tamil Feature Film National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Films about actors]]
[[Category:Films directed by P. Madhavan]]
[[Category:Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan]]
[[Category:Films set in Chennai]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:Tamil-language drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Ponnaranjanam

2026-03-03T21:24:39Z

MHNNoella384131: page updated

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ponnaranjanam
| image =Ponnaranjanam.jpg
| caption =
| director = [[Babu Narayanan]]
| producer = Hameed
| writer = Purushan Alappuzha [[Babu Narayanan]] (dialogues)
| screenplay = Purushan Alappuzha
| starring = [[Usha (actress)|Usha]] Jahnvi [[Mahesh (Malayalam actor)|Mahesh]] [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]] [[Adoor Bhavani]] [[K. B. Ganesh Kumar]]
| music = Kozhikode Yesudas
| cinematography = V. Aravindakshan
| editing = G. Murali
| studio = Gemi Movies
| distributor = Gemi Movies
| released = {{Film date|1990}}
| country = India
| language = [[Malayalam]]
}}

'''''Ponnaranjanam''''' is a 1990 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language film, directed by [[Babu Narayanan]] and produced by Hameed. The film stars [[Usha (actress)|Usha]], Jahnvi, [[Mahesh (Malayalam actor)|Mahesh]], [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]] and [[Adoor Bhavani]]. The film's score was composed by Kozhikode Yesudas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=2327|title=Ponnaranjaanam|accessdate=2014-10-14|publisher=malayalachalachithram.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?2634|title=Ponnaranjaanam|accessdate=2014-10-14|publisher=malayalasangeetham.info}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://spicyonion.com/title/ponnaranjanam-malayalam-movie/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094031/http://spicyonion.com/title/ponnaranjanam-malayalam-movie/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=4 March 2016|title=Ponnaranjanam|accessdate=2014-10-14|publisher=spicyonion.com}}</ref> [[Lesbian]] is the main theme of the film. The film received a dubbed version in Hindi as ''Galat Sambandh''.<ref>{{Citation |last=Babu |first=P. R. S. |title=Galat Sambandh |date=1991-01-01 |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3532646/?ref_=tt_trv_trv |type=Thriller |access-date=2023-02-14}}</ref> There also exists a rare uncut/uncensored version of the film<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-06-14 |title=Galat Sambandh |url=http://www.clublez.com/movies/lesbian_movie_scenes/g/galat_sambandh/index.html |access-date=2023-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614014219/http://www.clublez.com/movies/lesbian_movie_scenes/g/galat_sambandh/index.html |archive-date=14 June 2017 }}</ref>

==Plot==
Rosy (Jahnvi) is attracted to Ponnu ([[Usha (actress)|Usha]]) who doesn't like the attention. Ponnu is in a relationship with Vinu. Rosy seeks Gilbert's help to sabotage Ponnu and Vinu's relationship.

==Cast==
*[[Usha (actress)|Usha]] as Padinjare Manakkal Savithri/Ponnu
*[[Mahesh (Malayalam actor)|Mahesh]] as Vinu
*Jahnvi/Devishri as Rosy Chakko
*[[K. B. Ganesh Kumar]] as Gilbert
*Bhuvana Saravana
*[[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]] as Thirumeni/Savithri's father
*[[Adoor Bhavani]]
*[[Baiju Santhosh]] as Mathappan
*[[Mala Aravindan]] as Ayyappan
*[[Mamukkoya]] as Ummukoya
*[[Kanakalatha]] as Ayyapan's Wife
*Usha Thenginthodiyil as Shantha Nedungadi

==Soundtrack==
The music was composed by Kozhikode Yesudas with lyrics by R. K. Damodaran.

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length (m:ss)
|-
| 1 || "Pennil Pennaay" || [[K. J. Yesudas]] || R. K. Damodaran ||
|-
| 2 || "Ponnaranjaanam" (F) || [[K. S. Chithra]] || R. K. Damodaran ||
|-
| 3 || "Ponnaranjaanam" (M) || K. J. Yesudas || R. K. Damodaran ||
|-
| 4 || "Theeram Prakrithi" || K. S. Chithra || R. K. Damodaran ||
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0279336|Ponnaranjanam}}

[[Category:1990 films]]
[[Category:1990 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Babu Narayanan]]

{{1990s-Malayalam-film-stub}}

Bachchhan Paandey

2026-03-02T04:32:28Z

MHNNoella384131: minor update

{{Short description|2022 Indian Hindi-language film by Farhad Samji}}
{{for|another Akshay Kumar character with the same name|Tashan (film)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Bachchhan Paandey
| image = Bachchhan Paandey poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Farhad Samji]]
| producer = Sajid Nadiadwala
| writer = {{ubl|[[Sajid Nadiadwala]]|Farhad Samji|[[Tushar Hiranandani]]|Sparsh Khetarpal|Tasha Bhambra|[[Zeishan Quadri]]}}
| based_on = {{based on|''[[Jigarthanda (2014 film)|Jigarthanda]]'' by [[Karthik Subbaraj]]}}
| starring = {{ubl|[[Akshay Kumar]]|[[Kriti Sanon]]|[[Jacqueline Fernandez]]|[[Arshad Warsi]]}}
| music = '''Songs:''' [[Amaal Mallik]] [[B Praak]] [[Vikram Montrose]] [[Jaani (songwriter)|Jaani]] [[Roy (singer)|Roy]] '''Score:''' [[Julius Packiam]]
| cinematography = [[Gavemic U. Ary]]
| editing = Charu Shree Roy
| studio = [[Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment]]
| distributor = [[AA Films]]
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2022|03|18|ref1=<ref name="release date">{{Cite web |date=18 January 2022 |title=Akshay Kumar starrer Bachchan Pandey to release on March 18, 2022; new posters unveiled |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchan-pandey-release-march-18-2022-new-posters-unveiled/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118095513/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchan-pandey-release-march-18-2022-new-posters-unveiled/ |archive-date=18 January 2022 |access-date=18 January 2022 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>}}
| runtime = 146 minutes<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 March 2022 |title=BREAKING: Bachchhan Paandey cleared by CBFC with U certificate and |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-bachchhan-paandey-cleared-cbfc-u-certificate-0-cuts- |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}{{dead link|date=July 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Certificate Detail |url=https://www.ecinepramaan.gov.in/cbfc/?a=Certificate_Detail&i=100010292200001228 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305125519/https://www.ecinepramaan.gov.in/cbfc/?a=Certificate_Detail&i=100010292200001228 |archive-date=5 March 2022 |access-date=5 March 2022 |website=[[Central Board of Film Certification]]}}</ref>
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget = {{estimation}} {{INR|130}} [[crore]]<ref name="bo">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2022 |title=Bachchhan Paandey Box Office Estimate Day 2: Steady on Day 2; to end the day with Rs. 13 crores |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/bachchhan-paandey-box-office-estimate-day-2-steady-day-2-end-day-rs-13-crores/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520114306/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/bachchhan-paandey-box-office-estimate-day-2-steady-day-2-end-day-rs-13-crores/ |archive-date=20 May 2022 |access-date=4 May 2022 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>
| gross = {{INR|73.17}} crore<ref name="BH" />
}}

'''''Bachchhan Paandey''''' is a 2022 Indian Hindi-language [[action comedy film]] directed by [[Farhad Samji]], produced by [[Sajid Nadiadwala]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bachchhan Paandey |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/bachchhan-paandey-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0xmdayotm2 |website=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |quote=BACHCHAN PANDEY is a Hindi language action comedy film in which a young director sets out to make a film about an infamous gangster.}}</ref> The film stars [[Akshay Kumar]],[[Seema Biswas]], [[Kriti Sanon]], [[Arshad Warsi]] and [[Jacqueline Fernandez]]. [[Pankaj Tripathi]], [[Prateik Babbar]], [[Sanjay Mishra (actor)|Sanjay Mishra]] and [[Abhimanyu Singh]] play supporting roles. It is an official [[remake]] of the 2014 [[Tamil film]] ''[[Jigarthanda (2014 film)|Jigarthanda]]''<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2020 |title=Bachchan Pandey Moves From Veeram To Base Its Story not On Jigarthanda Now |url=https://www.zee5.com/zee5news/bachchan-pandey-moves-from-veeram-to-base-its-story-on-jigarthanda-now |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185805/https://www.zee5.com/zee5news/bachchan-pandey-moves-from-veeram-to-base-its-story-on-jigarthanda-now |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=6 July 2021 |website=ZEE5 News}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=3 November 2020 |title=Not Akshay Kumar's 'Bachchan Pandey' but Salman Khan's 'Kabhi Eid Kabhi Diwali' to be remake of Ajith's 'Veeram'? |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-not-akshay-kumar-s-bachchan-pandey-but-salman-khan-s-kabhi-eid-kabhi-diwali-to-be-remake-of-ajith-s-veeram-2816807 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709234836/https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-not-akshay-kumar-s-bachchan-pandey-but-salman-khan-s-kabhi-eid-kabhi-diwali-to-be-remake-of-ajith-s-veeram-2816807 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=6 July 2021 |website=Daily News & Analysis}}</ref> which itself was inspired by the 2006 [[South Korean film]] ''[[A Dirty Carnival]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 November 2014 |title=Southern movies inspired without credit – here's the list |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/southern-movies-inspired-without-credit-heres-list-20556 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505071928/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/southern-movies-inspired-without-credit-heres-list-20556 |archive-date=5 May 2022 |access-date=18 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 June 2016 |title=Revealed: Why Indian filmmakers love South Korean films |url=https://scroll.in/reel/809831/revealed-why-indian-filmmakers-love-south-korean-films |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220513214419/https://scroll.in/reel/809831/revealed-why-indian-filmmakers-love-south-korean-films |archive-date=13 May 2022 |access-date=18 February 2022}}</ref>

The film was released theatrically on 18 March 2022 and received mixed-to-negative reviews from critics. It emerged as a [[box-office bomb]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-26 |title=Akshay Kumar admits he's disappointed about Bachchhan Pandey's box office: 'Would have liked it to do better' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/akshay-kumar-admits-disappointment-over-bachchhan-paandey-box-office-7837622/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817133330/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/akshay-kumar-admits-disappointment-over-bachchhan-paandey-box-office-7837622/ |archive-date=17 August 2022 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Myra Devekar, a budding director, is given a task by a producer to come up with a gripping and violent gangster story to produce a film. To satisfy the producer's commercial outlook and her hunger for making a [[Realism (arts)|realistic film]], she decides to study the life of a real-life gangster for the script. Her extensive research leads to menacing one-eyed [[Assault Sethu|Bachchhan Paandey]] of [[Baghwa]], a ruthless gangster surrounded by quirky yet scary henchmen.

Myra travels to Baghwa where she meets her best friend Vishu and tells him about her film idea on Bachchhan. Vishu gets furious and asks her to leave but is later persuaded to help her with the film. Both Vishu and Myra start to target Bachchhan's henchmen in an effort to get closer to him. Virgin, one of the goons, tells them about his former girlfriend Sophie, who was killed by the former. Vishu and Myra plant a microphone in Virgin's mobile phone to eavesdrop on his conversations with Bachchan.

Later, it is revealed that Virgin was betraying Bachchhan for another criminal Rana Lohia, but is caught and killed by him. Vishu and Myra listen to the murder through the microphone, but are caught by Bachchhan's gang. Bachchhan sets out to kill Vishu and Myra, but agrees to spare them when he discovers that Myra is directing a [[gangster film]], under the condition that he plays the protagonist of the film. Myra initially doesn't accept, but Bachchhan kidnaps her producer, and Myra is forced to listen to his backstory to develop the script.

In a flashback, Bachchhan works for a [[Political corruption in India|corrupt politician]] Laalji Bhagat. After a fallout, the politician gets Bachchhan's girlfriend Sophie killed. In retaliation, Bachchhan murders Bhagat in the hospital where he was admitted for a wound.

Bachchhan and his goons do not know how to act, so they learn through Bhavesh Bhoplo, an acting coach. Bhavesh hits, threatens, and humiliates Bachchhan and his henchmen, much to their chagrin. Nevertheless, Myra dissuades them from harming Bhavesh for the sake of the film. Bachchan and Myra soon develop feelings for each other.

The film is eventually completed and released in the theatres. Bachchhan and his goons initially get excited and promote the film named ''BP'', thinking it to be the gritty gangster drama that it was marketed as. To their horror, the film turns out to be a [[Comedy film|comedy]] that portrays them negatively. On the other hand, Myra's film is proved to be a major success and gets praise from her media and her director who used to often criticize her a lot. Bachchhan and the goons decide to kill her for making his terror among the people vanish but later on refrain as Bachchhan has a change of heart when his mother calls him after ten years and he attracts a fan following.

Later on, Bachchhan becomes a star and Kaandi, Bachchhan's close goon, gives up his habit of watching [[porn film]]s. Vishu gets a lead role in an unnamed film. Pendulum (Bachchan's goon) who was married to his girlfriend Pinky (thanks to Bachchan) opens a [[Dairy farming|dairy farm]] with her after closing his bar. Bhavesh Bhoplo becomes the best acting teacher, Bachchhan gets recognized as the best comedy actor, and Myra as the best director. Bachchan quits being a criminal and becomes an actor.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Akshay Kumar]] as [[Assault Sethu|Bachchhan Paandey]]
* [[Kriti Sanon]] as Myra Devekar
* [[Jacqueline Fernandez]] as Sophie<ref>{{Cite news |author-link=Himesh Mankad |date=1 December 2020 |title=JACQUELINE FERNANDEZ JOINS AKSHAY KUMAR AND KRITI SANON IN SAJID NADIADWALA'S GANGSTER DRAMA BACHCHAN PANDEY |url=https://www.mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/jacqueline-fernandez-joins-akshay-kumar-and-kriti-sanon-in-sajid-nadiadwalas-gangster-drama-bachchan-pandey/articleshow/79498291.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182407/https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/jacqueline-fernandez-joins-akshay-kumar-and-kriti-sanon-in-sajid-nadiadwalas-gangster-drama-bachchan-pandey/articleshow/79498291.cms |archive-date=9 July 2021 |access-date=1 December 2020 |work=Mumbai Mirror}}</ref>
* [[Arshad Warsi]] as Vishwakant "Vishu" Mhatre
* [[Pankaj Tripathi]] as Guruji Bhavesh Bhoplo
* [[Prateik Babbar]] as Virgin<ref name="dnaindia">{{Cite news |date=6 January 2021 |title=Akshay Kumar, Kriti Sanon starrer 'Bachchan Pandey' goes on floors in Jaisalmer |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-akshay-kumar-kriti-sanon-jacqueline-fernandez-arshad-warsi-bachchan-pandey-goes-on-floors-in-jaisalmer-2866304 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106074455/https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-akshay-kumar-kriti-sanon-jacqueline-fernandez-arshad-warsi-bachchan-pandey-goes-on-floors-in-jaisalmer-2866304 |archive-date=6 January 2021 |access-date=6 January 2021 |work=Daily News & Analysis}}</ref>
* [[Sanjay Mishra (actor)|Sanjay Mishra]] as Bufferiya
* [[Abhimanyu Singh]] as Pendulum<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 January 2021 |title=Abhimanyu Singh to play the antagonist in Akshay Kumar starrer Bachchan Pandey |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/abhimanyu-singh-play-antagonist-akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchan-pandey/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130073015/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/abhimanyu-singh-play-antagonist-akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchan-pandey/ |archive-date=30 January 2021 |access-date=30 January 2021 |work=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>
* [[Snehal Dabi]] as Jumbo<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 July 2021 |title=EXCLUSIVE: Snehal Daabbi to play hardcore villain in Bachchan Pandey; speaks highly of Akshay Kumar and remembers their viral, funny scene in Deewane Huye Paagal |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/exclusive-snehal-daabbi-play-hardcore-villain-bachchan-pandey-speaks-highly-akshay-kumar-remembers-viral-funny-scene-deewane-huye-paagal/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210706050909/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/exclusive-snehal-daabbi-play-hardcore-villain-bachchan-pandey-speaks-highly-akshay-kumar-remembers-viral-funny-scene-deewane-huye-paagal/ |archive-date=6 July 2021 |access-date=6 July 2021 |work=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>
* Saharsh Kumar Shukla as Kaandi<ref name="dnaindia" />
* [[Ashwin Mushran]] as [[Film producer|Producer]] Rakesh Verma
* Santosh Shukla as [[Superintendent of Police|SP]] Suryakant Mishra
* [[Sajid Nadiadwala]] as film director
* [[Ahmed Khan (choreographer)|Ahmed Khan]] as film director
* Aroosa Khan as Pinky
* [[Mohan Agashe]] as Minister Laalji Bhagat
* [[Seema Biswas]] as Bachchhan's mother
* Trishna Singh as Virgin's wife<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-28 |title=ठगी, कास्टिंग काउच का शिकार होने के बाद छोड़ा मुंबई, अब बच्चन पांडे से डेब्यू करेगी ये एक्ट्रेस |url=https://www.aajtak.in/entertainment/bollywood-news/story/akshay-kumars-bachchan-pandey-actress-trishna-singh-sharing-her-debut-experience-tmovn-1404659-2022-02-28 |access-date=2025-02-08 |website=आज तक |language=hi}}</ref>
* Surendra Rajan as Myra's father
* [[Dolly Thakore]] as crime reporter
* [[Nasir Abdullah]] as Myra's [[film director|director]]
* [[Gaurav Chopra]] as Bheema
* Netram Tiwari as Bullet
* Sunil Pendurkar as Qadri
* Arun Khedwal as Guleria
* [[Vipul Roy]] as Anchor
* Trishna Singh as Virgin’s Wife
* Abhishek Saxena as Journalist Abhinav Tripathi
* Amith Sivdas Nair as Rana
* Faiz khan as Bhaichand Bhatawde
}}

== Production ==

=== Development ===
''Bachchhan Paandey'' was initially incorrectly reported to be a remake of the Tamil film [[Veeram (2014 film)|''Veeram'']] (2014), which was later remade in Hindi as ''[[Kisi Ka Bhai Kisi Ki Jaan]]'' (2023).<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 February 2020 |title=Akshay Kumar Starrer Bachchan Pandey Not A Remake Of Veeram Anymore |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/entertainment-news-akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchan-pandey-not-a-remake-of-veeram-anymore/346972 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200708100428/https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/entertainment-news-akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchan-pandey-not-a-remake-of-veeram-anymore/346972 |archive-date=8 July 2020 |access-date=8 July 2020 |website=Outlook}}</ref> Later sources reported that ''Bachchhan Paandey'' was actually a remake of the Tamil film [[Jigarthanda (2014 film)|''Jigarthanda'']] (2014).<ref name=":2" />

The title derives from a character of the same name, played by Kumar, in the 2008 actioner ''[[Tashan (film)|Tashan]]''. The title was initially spelled ''Bachchan Pandey'' but was later changed to ''Bachchhan Paandey.''<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 February 2022 |title=Akshay Kumar's 'Bachchan Pandey' now called 'Bachchhan Paandey', makers drop new poster |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-akshay-kumar-s-bachchan-pandey-now-called-bachchhan-paandey-makers-drop-new-poster-2934406 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512110022/https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-akshay-kumar-s-bachchan-pandey-now-called-bachchhan-paandey-makers-drop-new-poster-2934406 |archive-date=12 May 2022 |access-date=15 February 2022 |website=DNA India}}</ref>

=== Filming ===
[[Principal photography]] of the film was initially scheduled to begin in May 2020, but it was postponed due to [[COVID-19 lockdown in India]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 November 2020 |title=Bachchan Pandey: Akshay Kumar-Kriti Sanon's film to kickstart in January next year |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/news/bachchan-pandey-akshay-kumar-kriti-sanon-s-film-to-kickstart-in-january-next-year-662080 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119205038/https://www.indiatvnews.com/amp/entertainment/news/bachchan-pandey-akshay-kumar-kriti-sanon-s-film-to-kickstart-in-january-next-year-662080 |archive-date=19 November 2020 |access-date=2 January 2021 |website=India TV News}}</ref> [[Pre-production]] restarted in October 2020, and eventually the filming commenced on 6 January 2021 in [[Jaisalmer]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 January 2021 |title='Bachchan Pandey': Akshay Kumar and Kriti Sanon starrer goes on floors with a muhurat shot |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/bachchan-pandey-akshay-kumar-and-kriti-sanon-starrer-goes-on-floors-with-a-muhurat-shot/articleshow/80128628.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130060459/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/bachchan-pandey-akshay-kumar-and-kriti-sanon-starrer-goes-on-floors-with-a-muhurat-shot/articleshow/80128628.cms |archive-date=30 January 2022 |access-date=6 January 2021 |work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=6 January 2021 |title=Akshay Kumar-starrer 'Bachchan Pandey' Goes On Floors |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchan-pandey-goes-on-floors-3252371.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109173943/https://www.news18.com/amp/news/movies/akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchan-pandey-goes-on-floors-3252371.html |archive-date=9 January 2021 |access-date=6 January 2021 |work=News 18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=6 January 2021 |title=Akshay Kumar-starrer ''Bachchan Pandey'' goes on floors |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/amp/akshay-kumarstarrer-bachchan-pandey-goes-on-floors/2005281 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107143639/https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/amp/akshay-kumarstarrer-bachchan-pandey-goes-on-floors/2005281 |archive-date=7 January 2021 |access-date=6 January 2021 |work=Outlook India}}</ref> The film was wrapped up in July 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2021 |title=Akshay Kumar starts shooting for 'Bachchan Pandey', drops first look as gangster |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/hindi/2021/jan/07/akshay-kumar-starts-shooting-forbachchan-pandey-drops-first-look-as-gangster-2246820.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112220232/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/hindi/2021/jan/07/akshay-kumar-starts-shooting-forbachchan-pandey-drops-first-look-as-gangster-2246820.html |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=7 January 2021 |work=newindianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=22 July 2021 |title=Akshay Kumar to shoot final scene of Bachchan Pandey with 200 artists |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/akshay-kumar-shoot-final-scene-bachchan-pandey-200-artists/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122094418/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/akshay-kumar-shoot-final-scene-bachchan-pandey-200-artists/ |archive-date=22 January 2022 |access-date=22 January 2022 |work=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>

== Music ==
{{Infobox Album
| name = Bachchhan Paandey
| type = soundtrack
| artist = [[Amaal Mallik]], [[B Praak]], [[Jaani (songwriter)|Jaani]], [[Vikram Montrose]] and [[Roy (singer)|Roy]]
| released = 17 March 2022<ref name="jiosaavn">{{Cite web |date=17 March 2022 |title=Bachchhan Paandey – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/bachchhan-paandey/hVuVS50tXi8_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317135003/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/bachchhan-paandey/hVuVS50tXi8_ |archive-date=17 March 2022 |access-date=17 March 2022 |publisher=Jiosaavn}}</ref>
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 17:55
| label = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]
| producer = [[Bhushan Kumar]]
| misc = {{external music video| header = Official audio
|{{YouTube|YsVA5rBlyvA|Bachchhan Paandey – Full Album}}
}}
}}

The film's music is composed by [[Amaal Mallik]], [[B Praak]], [[Jaani (songwriter)|Jaani]], [[Vikram Montrose]] and [[Roy (singer)|Roy]] while lyrics are written by [[Kumaar]], Jaani, Farhad Bhiwandiwala, Vikram Montrose and Azeem Dayani. The film's background score is composed by [[Julius Packiam]].<ref name="jiosaavn" /> The song "Saare Bolo Bewafa" and "Meri Jaan Meri Jaan" gained popularity.

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| total_length = 17:55
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Maar Khayegaa
| extra1 = Farhad Bhiwandiwala, Vikram Montrose
| music1 = Vikram Montrose
| lyrics1 = Farhad Bhiwandiwala, [[Vikram Montrose]], Azeem Dayani
| length1 = 3:18
| title2 = Meri Jaan Meri Jaan
| extra2 = B Praak
| music2 = [[B Praak]]
| lyrics2 = [[Jaani (songwriter)|Jaani]]
| length2 = 4:08
| title3 = Saare Bolo Bewafa
| extra3 = B Praak
| music3 = Jaani
| lyrics3 = Jaani
| length3 = 3:46
| title4 = Heer Ranjhana
| extra4 = [[Arijit Singh]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
| music4 = [[Amaal Mallik]]
| lyrics4 = [[Kumaar]]
| length4 = 4:00
| title5 = Whistle Theme
| extra5 = Instrumental
| music5 = [[Roy (singer)|Roy]]
| lyrics5 = Instrumental
| length5 = 2:43
}}

== Release ==
=== Theatrical ===
In July 2019, ''Bachchhan Paandey'' was announced with the release date of [[Christmas]] 2020.<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1154624812460810242 |user=akshaykumar |title=Coming on Christmas 2020! In & As #BachchanPandey 😎 In #SajidNadiadwala's Next, directed by @farhad_samji @NGEMovies @WardaNadiadwala https://t.co/ayMkzwPEsJ |first=Akshay |last=Kumar |author-link=Akshay Kumar |date=26 July 2019 |access-date=14 April 2022 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331095510/https://twitter.com/akshaykumar/status/1154624812460810242 |archive-date=31 March 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> However, it was later pushed to 22 January 2021 due to [[Aamir Khan]]'s request to avert clash with ''[[Laal Singh Chaddha]]''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=27 January 2020 |title=Bachchan Pandey gets fresh release date. Akshay Kumar announces with new look |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/bachchan-pandey-gets-fresh-release-date-akshay-kumar-announces-with-new-look-1640527-2020-01-27 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226114531/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/bachchan-pandey-gets-fresh-release-date-akshay-kumar-announces-with-new-look-1640527-2020-01-27 |archive-date=26 February 2020 |access-date=4 September 2020 |work=India Today}}</ref> As the COVID-19 delayed production, it was postponed to 26 January 2022 and then to 4 March 2022. The film was finally released theatrically on 18 March 2022, [[Holi]].<ref name="release date" />

=== Home media ===
The film began streaming on [[Amazon Prime Video]] from 15 April 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 April 2022 |title=Akshay Kumar starrer Bachchhan Paandey to be released on Amazon Prime Video on April 15 |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchhan-paandey-released-amazon-prime-video-april-15/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606021027/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/akshay-kumar-starrer-bachchhan-paandey-released-amazon-prime-video-april-15/ |archive-date=6 June 2022 |access-date=17 April 2022 |work=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>

== Reception ==
=== Box office ===
''Bachchhan Paandey'' earned {{INR|13.25}} crore at the domestic box office on its opening day. On the second day, the film collected {{INR}}12 crore. On the third day, the film collected {{INR}}12 crore, taking total domestic weekend collection to {{INR}}37.25 crore.<ref name="BH">{{Cite web |date=18 March 2022 |title=Bachchhan Paandey Box Office |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/bachchhan-paandey/box-office/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531160751/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/bachchhan-paandey/box-office/ |archive-date=31 May 2022 |access-date=24 March 2022 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>

{{As of|2022|3|24}}, the film grossed {{INR|59.5}} crore in India and {{INR|13.67}} crore overseas, for a worldwide gross collection of {{INR|73.17}} crore.<ref name="BH" /> The film faced heavy competition from ''[[The Kashmir Files]]'', which was released one week earlier, and caused it to tumble at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathur |first=Abhimanyu |date=26 March 2022 |title=The Kashmir Files' box office success decoded: How news, social media, word of mouth scripted an unlikely success story |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/the-kashmir-files-box-office-success-decoded-how-news-social-media-word-of-mouth-scripted-an-unlikely-success-story-101648227536467.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220721042718/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/the-kashmir-files-box-office-success-decoded-how-news-social-media-word-of-mouth-scripted-an-unlikely-success-story-101648227536467.html |archive-date=21 July 2022 |access-date=17 June 2022 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref>

''Bachchhan Paandey'' made on a budget of around {{INR|180}} crore, recovered {{INR|115}} crore from non-theatrical revenues, and the remaining {{INR|65}} crore was recovered from the boxoffice gross.<ref name="bo" />

=== Critical response ===
Upon release, ''Bachchhan Paandey'' received mixed-to-negative reviews from critics. A critic from ''[[Bollywood Hungama]]'' rated the film 3.5/5 stars and wrote "''Bachchhan Paandey'' is a must watch for the fans of Akshay Kumar and masala cinema."<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2022 |title=Bachchhan Paandey Movie Review |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/bachchhan-paandey/critic-review/bachchhan-paandey-movie-review/bachchhan-paandey-is-must-watch-for-akshay-kumar-fans-and-masala-cinema-lovers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228231737/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/bachchhan-paandey/critic-review/bachchhan-paandey-movie-review/bachchhan-paandey-is-must-watch-for-akshay-kumar-fans-and-masala-cinema-lovers/ |archive-date=28 December 2023 |access-date=28 December 2023 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}{{rating|3.5|5}}</ref> Ronak Kotecha of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and called it "a chaotic mess of quirky and clichéd characters".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kotecha |first=Ronak |date=18 March 2022 |title=Bachchhan Paandey Movie Review : A chaotic mess of quirky and clichéd characters |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/bachchhan-paandey/movie-review/90306988.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710122256/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/bachchhan-paandey/movie-review/90306988.cms |archive-date=10 July 2022 |access-date=17 June 2022 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}{{rating|2.5|5}}</ref>

Saibal Chatterjee of ''[[NDTV]]'' rated the film 1.5 out of 5 stars and wrote "Bachchhan Paandey is a bewildering melee of a film in which the fundamental cinematic principles have been mercilessly mauled. It rides solely and squarely on the starry, over-the-top presence of Akshay Kumar."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chatterjee |first=Saibal |date=19 March 2022 |title=Bachchhan Paandey Review: Demo On How Not To Make A Film Rides On Akshay Kumar's Over-The-Top Presence |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/bachchhan-paandey-review-demo-on-how-not-to-make-a-film-rides-on-akshay-kumars-over-the-top-presence-2830881 |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=[[NDTV]]}}{{rating|1.5|5}}</ref> Sonil Dedhia of [[News18]] reviewed the film and opined "Arshan Warsi and Kriti Sanon are the only saving graces of this otherwise shoddy movie. The film arbitrarily packs in elements of every genre without actually bothering to stop and see if the mix does work and ends up like an overcooked stew."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dedhia |first=Sonil |date=18 March 2022 |title=Bachchan Pandey Movie Review: Arshad Warsi Is Real Treat to Watch in Akshay Kumar Starrer |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/bachchan-pandey-movie-review-arshad-warsi-is-the-only-saving-grace-in-akshay-kumar-starrer-4886546.html |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=[[News18]]}}</ref>

Shubhra Gupta of ''[[Indian Express]]'' rated the film 1 out 5 stars and highlighted "Nothing about this Akshay Kumar-Kriti Sanon film reaches the level of hilarity plus inspired lunacy of the original, Jigarthanda."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gupta |first=Shubhra |date=19 March 2022 |title=Bachchhan Paandey movie review: Akshay Kumar film is too much pain with zero gain |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/bachchhan-paandey-movie-review-akshay-kumar-film-too-much-pain-zero-gain-7826241/ |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=[[Indian Express]]}}{{rating|1|5}}</ref> Anuj Kumar of [[The Hindu]] reviewed the film and opined "Director Farhad Samji has imbued Karthik Subbaraj's dark-shaded quirky Tamil comedy with the soul of a Sajid Khan film... and the result is underwhelming. A laboured adaptation of 'Jigarthanda,' the film misses the target."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Anuj |date=20 March 2022 |title='Bachchhan Paandey' movie review: A laboured adaptation of 'Jigarthanda,' this Akshay Kumar flick misses the target |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/bachchhan-paandey-movie-review-a-laboured-adaptation-of-jigarthanda-this-akshay-kumar-flick-misses-the-target/article65243234.ece |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

Monica Rawal Kukreja of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' termed his review as "Bachchhan Paandey, as a whole, is a masala flick, which Akshay Kumar fans can't complain about. But, with an interesting plot at hand, it could have been much better."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rawal Kukreja |first=Monica |date=18 March 2022 |title=Bachchhan Paandey movie review: Fierce Akshay Kumar, charming Kriti Sanon barely save a film riddled with cliches |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/bachchhan-paandey-movie-review-fierce-akshay-kumar-charming-kriti-sanon-barely-save-a-film-riddled-with-cliches-101647616097102.html |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> Devesh Sharma of ''[[Filmfare]]'' rated the film 2.6 out of 5 stars and wrote "Bachchhan Panday is a case of opportunity missed. It survives because of Akshay and Kriti. Both deserve to be cast in a better film together."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sharma |first=Devesh |date=22 March 2022 |title=Bachchhan Paandey Movie Review |url=https://www.filmfare.com/reviews/bollywood-movies/bachchhan-paandey-movie-review-52742.html |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=[[Filmfare]]}}{{rating|2.6|5}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|10699086}}
* {{Bollywood Hungama movie|bachchhan-paandey|Bachchhan Paandey}}

{{Sajid Nadiadwala}}

[[Category:2020s Western (genre) comedy films]]
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Ratu Techi

2026-03-01T17:07:59Z

MHNNoella384131:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}{{Infobox Indian politician|office =Member of the [[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]}}
'''Ratu Techi''' (born 1965) is an Indian politician from [[Arunachal Pradesh]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-03-31 |title=From a humble background to becoming MLA: The story of first-time MLA Ratu Techi {{!}} The Arunachal Times |url=https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/03/31/from-a-humble-background-to-becoming-mla-the-story-of-first-time-mla-ratu-techi/ |access-date=2024-05-31 |language=en-US}}</ref> He is an MLA of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] from [[Sagalee Assembly constituency|Sagalee Assembly Constituency]] in [[Papum Pare district]]. He was elected to the [[2024 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] unopposed.<ref name="One-sixth of Arunachal House elected unopposed, all BJP nominees">{{cite news|title=One-sixth of Arunachal House elected unopposed, all BJP nominees|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/one-sixth-of-arunachal-house-elected-unopposed-all-bjp-nominees-9242598/|accessdate=20 May 2025|publisher=The Indian Express|date=31 March 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250520102757/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/one-sixth-of-arunachal-house-elected-unopposed-all-bjp-nominees-9242598/|archivedate=20 May 2025|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=With Ratu Techi, Kaso's unopposed wins, Doimukh 'set' to witness a triangular contest |url=http://www.echoofarunachal.in/news_details.php?nid=26242 |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=www.echoofarunachal.in |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Did BJP’s thumping win in Arunachal happen at cost of Congress’s waning confidence?">{{cite news |date=3 June 2024 |title=Did BJP’s thumping win in Arunachal happen at cost of Congress’s waning confidence? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/story/arunachal-pradesh-assembly-elections-congress-bjp-2547256-2024-06-03 |archive-date= |access-date=17 May 2025 |publisher=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Techi was born in Rigo village but lives in Nimte village of [[Papum Pare district]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-15 |title=Arunachal Pradesh: Over 4000 people join BJP in Congress chief Nabam Tuki's home constituency |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/arunachal-pradesh/video/arunachal-pradesh-over-4000-people-join-bjp-in-congress-chief-nabam-tukis-home-constituency-777446-2024-01-15 |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=India Today NE |language=en}}</ref> He studied in government schools in [[Sagalee]] and [[Doimukh]]. Later, he did engineering and joined the government as Assistant Engineer in [[Public Works Department]] of Arunachal Pradesh in 1989. He was an active ABVP leader for many years.<ref name=":1" /> In 2019, he took voluntary retirement as superintendent of engineering to enter politics. He was a recipient of National Talent Research Organisation scholarship during middle school.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Techi was elected unopposed to the [[Sagalee Assembly constituency|Sagalee Assembly Constituency]] representing [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ratu Techi, Techi Kaso of BJP declared elected unopposed |url=http://www.easternsentinel.in/news/state/ratu-techi-techi-kaso-of-bjp-declared-elected-unopposed.html |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=www.easternsentinel.in}}</ref><ref name="Arunachal CM, his deputy among 10 BJP candidates elected unopposed in assembly elections">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |date=30 March 2024 |title=Arunachal CM, his deputy among 10 BJP candidates elected unopposed in assembly elections |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!bharat/arunachal-cm-his-deputy-among-10-bjp-candidates-elected-unopposed-in-assembly-elections-enn24033005887 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250517124234/https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!bharat/arunachal-cm-his-deputy-among-10-bjp-candidates-elected-unopposed-in-assembly-elections-enn24033005887 |archive-date=17 May 2025 |access-date=17 May 2025 |publisher=ETV Bharat News |language=en}}</ref> He is one among the 10 BJP candidates who were elected unopposed as MLAs in the [[2024 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Karmakar |first=Sumir |title=Arunachal CM, his deputy among 10 BJP candidates elected unopposed in Assembly elections |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/elections/arunachal-pradesh/arunachal-cm-his-deputy-among-10-bjp-candidates-elected-unopposed-in-assembly-elections-2958740 |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-29 |title=Arunachal: Techi Kaso 7th BJP candidate set to get elected unopposed from Itanagar |url=https://northeastlivetv.com/around-ne/arunachalpradesh/arunachal-techi-kaso-7th-bjp-candidates-set-to-get-elected-unopposed-from-itanagar/ |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=Northeast Live |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Arunachal Pradesh Assembly Election Results 2024 - Sagalee">{{cite news |date=2 June 2024 |title=Arunachal Pradesh Assembly Election Results 2024 - Sagalee |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGen2ndJune2024/candidateswise-S0215.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250520103751/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGen2ndJune2024/candidateswise-S0215.htm |archivedate=20 May 2025 |accessdate=20 May 2025 |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref> He is the first BJP MLA in the Sagalee seat which was dominated by [[Indian National Congress]] MLAs from 1991.<ref name=":0" /> [[Nabam Tuki]], former chief minister and a five-time Congress MLA from Sagalee, preferred to contest the Lok Sabha election this time but lost.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-22 |title=Tuki to contest MP election on Congress ticket {{!}} The Arunachal Times |url=https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2024/03/22/tuki-to-contest-mp-election-on-congress-ticket/ |access-date=2024-05-31 |language=en-US}}</ref>

"I wanted to join politics to give something back to society. I come from a very poor economic background and have worked hard to reach where I am now. I will try my best to ensure that many more poor kids come out of poverty through proper education and support," Techi told Arunachal Times newspaper.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ratu, Techi}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1965 births]]
[[Category:Arunachal Pradesh MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Arunachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Papum Pare district]]

Shamshad Begum (social worker)

2026-02-24T19:44:52Z

MHNNoella384131: general expand citations as per guidelines and updated info after review

{{short description|Indian social worker|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Shamshad Begum
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Balod]], [[Chhattisgarh]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| restingplace =
| restingplacecoordinates =
| othername =
| occupation = Social worker
| yearsactive =
| spouse =
| domesticpartner =
| children =
| parents =
| website = {{URL||Official web site}}
| awards = [[Padma Shri]]
}}
'''Shamshad Begum''' is an Indian social worker, known for her efforts towards the education of backward communities of Chhattisgarh such as the [[Scheduled Caste]], [[Scheduled Tribe]] and other backward communities.<ref name="Chhattisgarh Top News">{{cite web | url=http://www.chhattisgarhtopnews.com/inner.asp?aa=1326 | title=2 Chhattisgarh women get Padma Shri | date=25 January 2012 | website=Chhattisgarh Top News | access-date=4 December 2014 | archive-date=10 December 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210004548/http://www.chhattisgarhtopnews.com/inner.asp?aa=1326 | url-status=dead }}</ref> She was honoured by the [[Government of India]], in 2012, with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of [[Padma Shri]].<ref name="Padma Shri">{{cite web | url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf | title=Padma Shri | publisher=Padma Shri | date=2014 | access-date=11 November 2014}}</ref>

==Biography==
Shamshad Begum comes from [[Balod district]] (formerly a part of the undivided [[Durg district|Durg]]) in the Indian state of [[Chhattisgarh]]. As the president of a small village society operating in [[Gunderdehi]] block, Begum had an opportunity to get associated with the [[National Literacy Mission Programme]] of the Government of India and this paved the way for her entry into social service.<ref name="One India">{{cite web | url=http://www.oneindia.com/2008/10/21/shamshad-begum-chhattisgarh-empowering-women-1224590700.html | title=Shamshad Begum of Chhattisgarh empowering women | date=21 October 2008 | website=One India | access-date=4 December 2014}}</ref> It is reported that within six months of the launching of the Mission activities in Gunderdehi in 1995, Begum and her colleagues were able to make 12,269 women literate, out of the total 18265 illiterate women.<ref name="One India" />

Begum carried on with her social work even after the campaign activities ended and took up other social causes such as fighting against illegal land encroachments and closing down of liquor shops. It is reported that Begum was successful in setting up 1041 self-help groups in Balod district.<ref name="One India" /> These groups, with their small savings, have accumulated a corpus from where needy members can avail loans for domestic emergencies. The total savings of these groups are reported to have exceeded {{USD}} 2 million. The groups have since established cottage industries such as soap making and making wheels for bullock carts. They have also set up a ''Mahila Bhavan''.<ref name="One India" />

Shamshad Begum is associated with ''Sahyogi Jankalyan Samiti'', a social welfare group, involved education and welfare activities of women and children.<ref name="PSIT">{{cite web | url=http://psit.ac.in/final/psit/society.php | title=Welcome to PSIT | date=2014 | publisher=Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology | access-date=4 December 2014}}</ref> She has also been associated with [[National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development]] (NABARD) for training of women in leadership skills and creating awareness against sex discrimination, prevention of child marriages and molestation.<ref name="One India" />

Shamshad Begum was honored by the [[Government of India]] in 2012 with the award of [[Padma Shri]].<ref name="IBN Live">{{cite web | url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/full-list-2012-padma-vibhushan-padma-bhushan-and-padma-shri-awardees/224135-53.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121203040621/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/full-list-2012-padma-vibhushan-padma-bhushan-and-padma-shri-awardees/224135-53.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=3 December 2012 | title=Full list: 2012 Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri awardees | date=25 January 2012 | work=IBN Live | access-date=4 December 2014}}</ref>

{{Portal|India}}

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
* {{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OV4F4sUV7xE | title=Civil Investiture Ceremony - Padma Shri | date=4 April 2012 | work=Video | publisher=YouTube | access-date=1 December 2014}}
* Received Bhagwan Mahaveer Award in Community & Social Service in 2016.
*

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Social Work}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Begum, Shamshad}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in social work]]
[[Category:People from Balod district]]
[[Category:Indian women's rights activists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women educational theorists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educational theorists]]
[[Category:Women scientists from Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Social workers from Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Adivasi activists]]
[[Category:Women educators from Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Educators from Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women educators]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educators]]

Fraserganj

2026-02-23T17:00:04Z

MHNNoella384131: Put Up New Stub

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Fraserganj
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| imagesize = 300px
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_mapsize = 300
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal##Location in India
| coordinates = {{coord|21.5851|N|88.2585|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Emblem of West Bengal (Banglarmukh) before 2018.png}} [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = [[South 24 Parganas]]
| subdivision_type3 = CD Block
| subdivision_name3 = [[Namkhana (community development block)|Namkhana]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 4
| population_total =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=5 July 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Additional official
| demographics1_info2 = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = PIN
| postal_code = 743357
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = +91 3210
| registration_plate = [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-19 to [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-22, [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-95 to [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-99
| blank1_name_sec1 = Lok Sabha constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Mathurapur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mathurapur (SC)]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = Vidhan Sabha constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Sagar (West Bengal Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sagar]]
| website = {{URL|www.s24pgs.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Fraserganj''' is a village and a [[gram panchayat]] within the jurisdiction of the [[Namkhana]] police station in the [[Namkhana (community development block)|Namkhana]] [[Community development block in India|CD block]] in the [[Kakdwip subdivision]] of the [[South 24 Parganas]] district in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==History==
[[Andrew Fraser (civil servant)|Sir Andrew Fraser]], [[List of Governors of Bengal|Lieutenant Governor of Bengal]] (1903–1908) in the early twentieth century, is credited with the "discovery" of the place. In recognition of his efforts, it was named Frasergunj. There is a dilapidated house near the beach, which according to the locals was the one in which Fraser used to stay.<ref>{{cite book |last=Islam |first=Sirajul |year=2012 |chapter=Fraser, Sir Andrew |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Fraser,_Sir_Andrew |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
| width=350| height=350| zoom=10
| coord={{coord|21|43|0|N|88|14|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Places in Kakdwip subdivision (Kakdwip, Sagar, Namkhana, Patharpratima CD blocks) in South 24 Parganas district''' R: rural/ urban centre Places linked with coastal activity are marked in blue Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|21|52|33|N|88|11|7|E}} | label-pos1=bottom|label1= Kakdwip| numbered1=R| mark-title1= [[Kakdwip]] (R)|label-color1= #800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1=#C42222 |shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|21|52|47|N|88|9|58|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2= Harwood Point| numbered2=R| mark-title2= [[Harwood Point]] (R) |shape-color2=#0048BA
|mark-coord3={{coord|21|46|11|N|88|13|53|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Namkhana| numbered3=R| mark-title3= [[Namkhana]] (R)
|mark-coord4={{coord|21|35|6|N|88|15|30|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4= Fraserganj| numbered4=R| mark-title4= Fraserganj (R) |shape-color4=black| label-size4=13|label-color4=black 
|mark-coord5={{coord|21|44|44|N|88|5|39|E}} | label-pos5=right|label5= Rudranagar| numbered5=R| mark-title5= [[Rudranagar]] (R)
|mark-coord6={{coord|21|38|50|N|88|4|31|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Gangasagar| numbered6=R| mark-title6= [[Gangasagar]] (R) |shape-color6=#0048BA
|mark-coord7={{coord|21|47|48|N|88|21|19|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7= Patharpratima| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Patharpratima]] (R)
|mark-coord8={{coord|21|38|53|N|88|24|16|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Gobardhanpur| numbered8=R| mark-title8= [[Gobardhanpur]] (R) |shape-color8=#0048BA
|mark-coord9={{coord|21|53|30|N|88|12|40|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Ganespur| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Ganespur]] (R)
|mark-coord10={{coord|21|48|14|N|88|22|25|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Ramganga| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Ramganga, South 24 Parganas]] (R)
|mark-coord11={{coord|21|45|25|N|88|5|53|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11= Harinbari| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Harinbari]] (R)
|mark-coord12={{coord|21|33|47|N|88|15|34|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12= Bakkhali| numbered12=R| mark-title12= [[Bakkhali]] (R) |shape-color12=#0048BA
|mark-coord13={{coord|21.7858 |N|88.0853|E}}| label13=Sagar Island| label-color13 = Black| label-angle13=-0| label-pos13=right| label-size13=10| mark-size13=0| mark-title13=none
|mark-coord14={{coord|21.7858 |N|88.0163|E}}| label14=Hooghly River| label-color14 = #77A1CB| label-angle14=-60| label-pos14=right| label-size14=10| mark-size14=0| mark-title14=none
|arc-coordC={{coord|21.5658|N|88.0763|E}}| arc-textC= Bay of Bengal | arc-text-colorC = soft blue| arc-angleC=200| arc-gapC=-1.0| arc-radiusC=1.6| arc-text-sizeC=14}}

===Area overview===
Kakdwip subdivision has full rural population. The entire district is situated in the [[Ganges Delta]]. The southern part of the delta has numerous channels and islands such as [[Henry Island (India)|Henry Island]], [[Sagar Island]], Frederick Island and Fraserganj Island. The subdivision is a part of the [[Sundarbans settlements]]. A comparatively recent country-wide development is the guarding of the coastal areas by special coastal forces. The area attracts large number of tourists – Gangasagar and Fraserganj-Bakkhali are worth mentioning. Gobardhanpur holds a promise for the future.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 South Twety-four Parganas |work = Table 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 5 December 2019 |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 13, Physigraphy| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 5 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = Chapter 9: Sundarbans and the Remote Islanders, p 290-311 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 5 December 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

===Location===
Fraserganj is located at {{coord|21.5851|N|88.2585|E|display=inline}}.

==Civic administration==
===Police station===
Frezerganj Coastal police station covers an area of 34.07 km2. It has jurisdiction over parts of Namkhana CD block. The coastal police stations were formed with the objective of effective policing of the remote areas of the Sundarbans. The police has regular river patrols.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.sundarbanpolicedistrict.org/each_police_station?psname=FREZERGANJ%20COASTAL|title = Frezerganj Coastal | work= Sundarban police district |publisher= West Bengal police | access-date = 25 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 South 24 Parganas | work = Table No. 2.1 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 25 October 2019 | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==Facilities==
[[File:Frasergunj Windmills.jpg|thumb|left|Windmills at Frasergunj]]

Fraserganj has a government operated fishing harbour and a wind energy farm that generates electricity.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.holidayiq.com/Fraserganj-Bakkhali-Sightseeing-813-8113.html | title = Fraserganj- Bakkhali | publisher = HolidayIQ | access-date = 25 October 2019}}</ref>

Gently rolling waves play on the 8 km long beach from [[Bakkhali]] to Fraserganj, the twin places, now forming a continuous locality.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbtourismgov.in/destination/details/bakkhali | title = Bakkhali | publisher = West Bengal Tourism | access-date = 25 October 2019}}</ref>

==Transport==
Fraserganj is on the [[National Highway 12 (India)|National Highway 12]].<ref name="google">Google maps</ref>

[[Namkhana railway station]] is located nearby.<ref name="google"/>

==Healthcare==
There is a [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centre]] at Fraserganj, with 10 beds.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 11 November 2019 | archive-date = 21 April 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{South 24 Parganas District}}

[[Category:Villages in South 24 Parganas district]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in South 24 Parganas district]]

Rohan Rao

2026-02-16T19:18:55Z

MHNNoella384131: done - done

{{Short description|Indian puzzle and sudoku solver}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Rohan Rao
|image=RohanRao.JPG
|birth_place=Mumbai, India
|years_active=2007–present
}}

'''Rohan Rao''', who goes by the name '''vopani''',<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://logicmastersindia.com/forum/view-profile.asp?action=view&uid=39|title=Rohan Rao's profile at Logic Masters India|website=logicmastersindia.com|access-date=2019-08-12}}</ref> is an Indian [[sudoku]] and [[puzzle]] solver, widely considered as the best sudoku solver of India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hindustantimes Brunch 05 August 2012|url=https://issuu.com/brunch/docs/brunch-05-august-2012|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Issuu|language=en}}</ref> He is the reigning Indian Sudoku Champion and Times of India Sudoku Champion. Rao has won 18 national championships, an all-time record, and has been one of the best Indians at the [[World Sudoku Championship]] (WSC), [[World Puzzle Championship]] (WPC) and [[Asian Sudoku Championship]] (ASC). He won the [[Indian Sudoku Championship]] nine times, in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021;<ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/lmitests/?test=ISC2010 Indian Sudoku Championship 2010]</ref><ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/lmitests/default.asp?test=isc2011 Indian Sudoku Championship 2011]</ref><ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/lmitests/?test=TSC2012 Indian Sudoku Championship 2012]</ref><ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/SM/2015-16sm.asp Indian Sudoku Championship 2016]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indian Sudoku Championship - 2017|url=http://logicmastersindia.com/2017/ISC/|access-date=2017-08-08|website=logicmastersindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Thread - Sudoku Mahabharat - 2018|url=http://logicmastersindia.com/forum/forums/thread-view.asp?pid=25435|access-date=2018-08-19|website=logicmastersindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Thread - Sudoku Mahabharat - 2019|url=http://logicmastersindia.com/forum/forums/thread-view.asp?pid=27171|access-date=2019-07-22|website=logicmastersindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Thread - Sudoku Mahabharat - 2020|url=https://logicmastersindia.com/forum/forums/thread-view.asp?pid=28604|access-date=2021-01-22|website=logicmastersindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Results of Indian Sudoku Championship 2020|url=https://logicmastersindia.com/lmitests/ISC%202020%20Final.pdf|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Thread - Indian Sudoku Championship 2021 - 12th December |url=https://logicmastersindia.com/forum/forums/thread-view.asp?pid=30135 |access-date=2022-04-03 |website=logicmastersindia.com}}</ref> the Indian Puzzle Championship five times, in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, and 2017;<ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/lmitests/?test=IPC2010 Indian Puzzle Championship 2010]</ref><ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/lmitests/default.asp?test=ipc2011 Indian Puzzle Championship 2011]</ref><ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/lmitests/?test=IPC2012 Indian Puzzle Championship 2012]</ref><ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/lmitests/?test=IPC2015 Indian Puzzle Championship 2015]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://logicmastersindia.com/2017/IPC/|title=Indian Puzzle Championship - 2017|website=logicmastersindia.com|access-date=2017-08-08}}</ref> and the Times National Sudoku Championship four times, in 2012, 2015, 2016, and 2019.<ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/lmitests/?test=TSC2012 Times Sudoku Championship 2012]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Su-doku Championship: India's Fantastic 4 now set sights on Croatia|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Su-doku-Championship-Indias-Fantastic-4-now-set-sights-on-Croatia/articleshow/15133593.cms|website = The Times of India|accessdate = 2015-11-16}}</ref><ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/2015/TSC/ Times Sudoku Championship 2015]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = The Times Sudoku national winners will represent India at the World Sudoku Championships in Bulgaria in October|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/The-Times-Sudoku-national-winners-will-represent-India-at-the-World-Sudoku-Championships-in-Bulgaria-in-October/articleshow/48340355.cms|website = The Times of India|accessdate = 2015-11-16}}</ref><ref>[http://logicmastersindia.com/2016/TSC/ Times Sudoku Championship 2016]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Times Sudoku national winners to battle it out in Slovakia|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Times-Su-doku-Championship-national-winners-to-battle-it-out-in-Slovakia/articleshow/53598245.cms|website = The Times of India|accessdate = 2016-08-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://logicmastersindia.com/2019/TSC/|title=Times Sudoku Championship - 2019|website=logicmastersindia.com|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/times-sudoku-winners-to-represent-india-at-world-championship-in-germany/articleshow/70643471.cms|title=Times Sudoku winners to represent India at World Championship in Germany|date=13 August 2019|first=Abhimanyu|last=Mathur|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-08-13}}</ref>

Rao was ranked 3rd in ASC 2021, 23rd in WSC 2019 and 39th in WPC 2019. He stood 8th in the World Sudoku Championship 2012 to become the first Indian to be ranked in the top 10 in the world in Sudoku. He stood 3rd at the Asian Sudoku Championship 2018<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldpuzzle.org/championships/championshipsasc/asc2018-korea-jeju/|title=World Puzzle Federation|website=www.worldpuzzle.org|access-date=2020-01-27}}</ref> to become the first Indian to finish on the podium of an international WPF Sudoku Championship. He finished 3rd again at ASC 2019<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1017735|title=PH bags 45 medals at 2019 Asia Sudoku Championship|date=29 January 2019|website=pia.gov.ph|language=en|access-date=2019-01-28}}</ref> and improved his performance with a 2nd-place finish at ASC 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://asc2020.sudokumaniacs.com/results.asp|title=Asian Sudoku Championship 2020|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>

He was the director of the World Sudoku Championship 2017 and core organizer of World Sudoku and Puzzle Championship 2017 held in October, 2017 in Bengaluru, India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wspc2017.logicmastersindia.com/?g=Organizers2017|title=WSPC 2017 - Logic Masters India|website=wspc2017.logicmastersindia.com|language=en|access-date=2017-05-09}}</ref> As part of his puzzling career, Rao has authored and organized various puzzle and sudoku championships, events and workshops across India and the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://delhibraingames.in/contributor.html|title=Delhi Brain Games - April 2013|website=delhibraingames.in|access-date=2019-08-13}}</ref>

== Championships ==
{{BLP unreferenced section|date=December 2022}}

=== Indian Sudoku Championship ===
Rao won his first Indian Sudoku championship title in 2010, beating veteran solvers Ritesh Gupta (three-time and defending champion), Rishi Puri and Gaurav Korde in the finals to become the youngest ever national champion at the age of 19 years, 9 days. Since then he has won eight more times, making him the most successful player in the tournament.

He finished on the podium for 12 consecutive years (2010–2021). No other player has finished on the podium for more than four consecutive years.

=== Indian Puzzle Championship ===
Rao won his first Indian Puzzle Championship title in 2010, pipping veteran solver Rajesh Kumar to become the youngest ever national champion at the age of 19 years, 240 days. Since then he has won four more times, matching Kumar's tally of five titles.

=== Asian Sudoku Championship ===
The Asian Sudoku Championship was first held in 2018, where Rao stood third. He finished on the podium for four consecutive years with his 3rd place in 2019, 2nd place in 2020 and 3rd place in 2021.

== Career statistics ==
{{BLP unreferenced section|date=December 2022}}

=== National Championships ===
'''18 gold, 7 silver, 7 bronze'''

The following are ranks in the Indian Sudoku Championship, Indian Puzzle Championship, and Times Sudoku Championship.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!rowspan="2" width="45" | Year
!colspan="3" width="240" | National Championships
|-
| '''ISC'''
| '''IPC'''
| '''TSC'''
|-
|2021
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:silver;" width="80" | 2nd
|-
|2020
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
|-
|2019
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
|-
|2018
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:silver;" width="80" | 2nd
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
|-
| 2017
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
|-
| 2016
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:silver;" width="80" | 2nd
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
|-
| 2015
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
|-
| 2014
!style="background:silver;" width="80" | 2nd
!style="background:silver;" width="80" | 2nd
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
|-
| 2013
!style="background:silver;" width="80" | 2nd
| 4th
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
|-
| 2012
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
|-
| 2011
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
|-
| 2010
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
!style="background:gold;" width="80" | 1st
|-
| 2009
| 4th
!style="background:silver;" width="80" | 2nd
|-
| 2008
| 11th
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
|-
|}

=== Asian Championships ===
'''4 ASC appearances'''

The following are ranks in the Asian Sudoku Championship (ASC).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! rowspan="2" width="45" | Year
! width="170" | Asian Championships
|-
| '''ASC'''
|-
|2021
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
|-
|2020
!style="background:silver;" width="80" | 2nd
|-
|2019
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
|-
| 2018
!style="background:#cc9966;" width="80" | 3rd
|-
|}

=== World Championships ===
'''11 WSC appearances, 11 WPC appearances'''

The following are ranks in the World Sudoku Championship (WSC) and World Puzzle Championship (WPC).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! rowspan="2" width="45" | Year
! colspan="2" width="160" | World Championships
|-
! width="80" | '''WSC'''
! width="80" | '''WPC'''
|-
|2019
|23rd
|39th
|-
|2018
|17th
|44th
|-
| 2017
| '''''Director'''''
| '''''Organizer'''''
|-
| 2016
| 18th
| '''28th'''
|-
| 2015
| 14th
| 42nd
|-
| 2014
| 14th
| 36th
|-
| 2013
| 16th
| 45th
|-
| 2012
| '''8th'''
| 38th
|-
| 2011
| 12th
| 34th
|-
| 2010
| 15th
| 41st
|-
| 2009
| 25th
|
|-
| 2008
|
| 68th
|-
|}

== See also ==
* [[Asian Sudoku Championship]]
* [[Indian Sudoku Championship]]
* [[World Sudoku Championship]]

== References ==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Rohan}}
[[Category:IIT Bombay alumni]]
[[Category:Sudoku solvers]]
[[Category:Indian sportsmen]]
[[Category:Living people]]
__FORCETOC__
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Noorin Shereef

2026-02-15T10:53:04Z

MHNNoella384131:

{{short description|Indian actress (born 1989)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Noorin Shereef

| alt =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1999|4|3|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Kollam]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]
| education =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = {{hlist|Film actor|scriptwriter}}
| years_active = 2016–present
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Fahim Safar]]|2023}}
| mother = Haseena Shereef
| father = Shereef A.R.
| relatives =
| awards =
| website =
| notable_works =
}}
'''Noorin Shereef''' is an Indian actress<ref>{{Cite web |title=Akshay Radhakrishnan, Noorin Shereef cast in Vellappam {{!}} Cinemaexpress |url=https://m.cinemaexpress.com/stories/news/2019/oct/28/akshay-radhakrishnan-noorin-shereef-cast-in-vellappam-15176.amp |access-date=30 May 2022 |website=[[Cinema Express]]|date=9 October 2019 }}</ref> from [[Kollam]], [[Kerala]] who works in <ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Chowdhary |first=Y. Sunita |date=21 October 2019 |title=Kerala actor Noorin Shereef makes Telugu debut with 'Ullala Ullala' |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/interview-noorin-shereef-ullala-ullala-telugu-debut/article29757559.ece |access-date=30 May 2022 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> [[Malayalam Film Industry]].<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite news |title=Watch: 'Oru Adaar Love' fame Noorin Shereef turns biker girl! - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/watch-oru-adaar-love-fame-noorin-shereef-turns-biker-girl/articleshow/70961287.cms |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

==Career==
She garnered notice for her leading role in ''[[Oru Adaar Love]]'' (2018) but was dissatisfied with the makers after they modified her role after [[Priya Prakash Varrier]]'s viral wink.<ref name="TOI"/>

== Filmography ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Key
| style="background:#FFFFCC;"| {{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}
| Denotes films that have not yet been released
|}

===As actor===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Language
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
|rowspan="2"|2017
|''[[Ilai]]''
| Chithra
|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|Debut film
|-
|''[[Chunkzz]]''
|Romario's sister
| rowspan="3" |[[Malayalam]]
|
|-
|2019
|''[[Oru Adaar Love]]''
|Gadha John
|<ref name="TOI">{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/hindi/priya-prakash-varrier-s-viral-wink-sidelined-my-lead-role/videoshow/68101365.cms |title=Priya Prakash Varrier's viral wink sidelined my lead role, claims 'Oru Adaar Love' actress Noorin Shereef |work=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2020
|''[[Dhamaka (2020 film)|Dhamaka]]''
|Dancer
|<ref name="Song">{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/omar-lulu-shakes-a-leg-for-this-song-from-dhamaka/articleshow/73042417.cms |title=Omar Lulu shakes a leg for THIS song from 'Dhamaka' - Times of India |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
|''Oollalla Oollalla''
|Noorin
|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| 2021
|''[[Vidhi (2021 film)|Vidhi]]''
|Jini
| rowspan="5" |Malayalam
| rowspan="2" |
|-
| rowspan="1" |2022
|''Santacruz''
|Meera Kajan
|-
|2025
|''[[Bha Bha Ba]]''
|Nita Joseph
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2026
|''Velleppam''
| Steffy
|<ref name="Velleppam">{{cite web |title=Akshay and Noorin to team up in Velleppam |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/akshay-and-noorin-to-team-up-in-velleppam/articleshow/71784304.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=10 February 2020 |date=28 October 2019}}</ref>
|-
|''Bermuda''
| Jayashree
| rowspan="2" |
|-
|}

===As writer===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:35px;"| Year
! style="width:250px;"| Film
! style="text-align:center; width:250px;" class="unsortable"| Notes
|-
| 2025 || [[Bha. Bha. Ba.]] || Co-written with [[Fahim Safar]]
|-
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Serial
!Channel
!Role
! Notes
|-
|2016|| ''[[Mangalyapattu]]'' ||[[Mazhavil Manorama]]||Abhirami ||
|-
|2016||''[[Uppum Mulakum]]''||Flowers TV||Sushmitha||
|-
|2025||''[[Kerala Crime Files|Kerala Crime Files 2]]''
|| [[Disney+ Hotstar]] ||Steffy || Web series <ref>https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/binge/kerala-crime-files-season-2-release-date-plot-cast-and-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-malayalam-crime-thriller-661465.html</ref>
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|qid=Q129677649|id=tt9548980}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Noorin, Shereef}}
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:People from Kollam district]]
[[Category:Actresses from Kerala]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam television]]
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses from Kollam]]
[[Category:1999 births]]

{{India-film-bio-stub}}

Madho Singh of Sikar

2026-02-11T00:59:38Z

MHNNoella384131: made a biography...

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}
{{Short description|Rao Raja of Sikar from 1866 to 1922}}
{{infobox royalty
| name = Madho Singh
| title = [[Raja|Rao Raja]]
| succession = [[Raja|Rao Raja]] of [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]]
| reign = 1886 – 1922
| predecessor = [[Bhairon Singh of Sikar|Bhairon Singh]]
| successor = [[Kalyan Singh of Sikar|Kalyan Singh]]
| death_date = 1922
| house = [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]]
| father = {{unbulleted list|Birad Singh (biological)|[[Bhairon Singh of Sikar|Bhairon Singh]] (adoptive)}}
| dynasty = [[Shekhawat]]
}}
Sir '''Madho Singh''' [[Order of the Indian Empire|KCIE]] was the [[Rao Raja]] of [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]] from 1886 until his death in 1922.

== Early life ==
He was born as the second son of Birad Singh of Deeppura.<ref name="Meharda-2006">{{Cite book |last=Meharda |first=B. L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=90ZuAAAAMAAJ |title=Territory, Polity, and Status: A Study of Shekhawats |date=2006 |publisher=Rawat Publications |isbn=978-81-7033-887-1 |pages=74 |language=en}}</ref> Since [[Bhairon Singh of Sikar|Bhairon Singh]], the [[Rao Raja]] of [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]], had no male heir, he adopted him as his son.<ref name="Meharda-2006" />

== Succession ==
He became the [[Rao Raja]] of [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]] at the age of six in 1866.<ref name="Dundlod-1970">{{Cite book |last=Dundlod |first=Harnath Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6T1XAAAAMAAJ |title=The Sheikhawats & Their Lands |date=1970 |publisher=Raj Educational Printers |pages=76 |language=en}}</ref> As he was a minor at the time of his succession, Mukand Singh was appointed regent to administer the affairs of the estate.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> In 1870, when [[Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo|Richard Bourke]], the then [[Governor-General of India|Viceroy of India]], visited [[Jaipur]] and a durbar was held to commemorate his visit, Madho attended the durbar as well.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> In the durbar, he was presented with a [[Khalat|khillat]].<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> In 1873, he paid a religious visit to [[Gaya (India)|Gaya]].<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> Later, when Madho grew weary of Mukand Singh's activities, Mukand resigned, and Madho accepted his resignation.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> He appointed Elahi Bux as his [[Chief minister|Chief Minister]].<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> He attended the Durbar held in 1875 in Jaipur to commemorate the visit of the [[Thomas Baring, 1st Earl of Northbrook|Earl of Northbrook]], the then [[Governor-General of India|Viceroy of India]].<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> When Edward VII visited [[Jaipur]] as [[Prince of Wales]] in February 1876, a durbar was held in [[Jaipur]] to commemorate the royal visit, and Madho attended it.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> He accompanied [[Ram Singh II]], his liege lord, to [[Delhi]] and attended the [[Delhi Durbar]] of 1877 with him.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> In 1877, [[Ram Singh II]] conferred on him the Panchranga, a striped standard of five colors.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /><ref name="Bayley-2004">{{Cite book |last=Bayley |first=C. S. |url=https://archive.org/details/chiefsleadingfam00csba/ |title=Chiefs and leading families in Rajputana |date=2004 |publisher=New Delhi : Asian Educational Services |others=Public Resource |isbn=978-81-206-1066-8 |pages=76}}</ref> In the same year, [[Ram Singh II]] conferred upon him the Hath-ka-Siropav.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> While in [[Jaipur]] in 1879, he became aware of Elahi Bux's corruption and mismanagement of state affairs.<ref name="Sinh-2001">{{Cite book |last=Sinh |first=Ranbir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EduAAAAMAAJ |title=History of Shekhawats |date=2001 |publisher=Publication Scheme |isbn=978-81-86782-74-3 |pages=168–169 |language=en}}</ref> He consulted [[Ram Singh II]] in this regard, and upon his suggestion, sent Elahi Bux to jail.<ref name="Sinh-2001" /> He then appointed Rai Parmanand, his [[Chief minister|Chief Minister]], and Chiman Singh as his assistant.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> When Pane Singh, the son of his regent Mukund, defied the administration of [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]], Madho confiscated his [[jagir]].<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /><ref name="Sinh-2001" /> However, he later returned it to him after several years when Pane Singh obliged.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /><ref name="Sinh-2001" /> While traveling in 1880, he received the news that [[Ram Singh II]] was ill.<ref name="Sinh-2001" /> Upon hearing this, he rushed to [[Jaipur]] but arrived too late, as the Maharaja had died by then.<ref name="Sinh-2001" /> He then attended the coronation of [[Madho Singh II]].<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /> When [[Madho Singh II]] abolished the transit duties, he, along with the Raja of Khetri and other [[Panchpana]] sardars, raised his voice against this.<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /><ref name="Sinh-2001" /> The [[Government of India]], upon hearing them, directed not to interfere with the long-established usage and rights of these estate holders of the [[Kingdom of Amber|Jaipur State]].<ref name="Dundlod-1970" /><ref name="Sinh-2001" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=John Jackson |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.548563/ |title=The Report On The Land-tenures And Special Powers |date=1940 |pages=1–286}}</ref> He was granted the title of Bahadur by [[Madho Singh II]] as a personal distinction in 1886.<ref name="Bayley-2004" /><ref name="Sinh-2001" /> He opened a dispensary at [[Fatehpur, Rajasthan|Fatehpur]] and built Trevor Hospital at [[Sikar]] which was opened in 1894.<ref name="Agarwal-1960">{{Cite book |last=Agarwal |first=B. D. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.120406/ |title=Rajasthan District Gazetteers Sikar |date=1960 |pages=43, 353}}</ref> When [[Madho Singh II]] visited [[England]] in 1902 in connection with the [[Coronation of Edward VII and Alexandra|coronation of Edward VII]] he accompanied him.<ref name="Jain-1935">{{Cite book |last=Jain |first=kesharlal Ajmera |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.66091/ |title=The Jaipur Album Or All About Jaipur |date=1935 |pages=50–51}}</ref>

During [[World War I]], he contributed approximately 800,000 rupees to various funds and loans.<ref name="Jain-1935" /> He provided the [[Indian Army]] with numerous recruits, as well as horses and camels.<ref name="Jain-1935" />

== Death ==
He died in 1922 and was succeeded by [[Kalyan Singh of Sikar|Kalyan Singh]].<ref name="Agarwal-1960" /><ref name="Jain-1935" />

== Honours ==
He was made a member of the [[St John Ambulance]] Association in 1915.<ref name="Jain-1935" /> He received a sword of honor from the [[Government of India]] on 7 June 1921.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.52031/ |title=Rajputana and Ajmer (1931) |date=1931 |publisher=Government Of India. |pages=80}}</ref> He was appointed [[Knight Commander]] of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]] by [[George V]] in the [[1922 New Year Honours]].<ref name="Jain-1935" /><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J5dAAAAAIBAJ |title=The Glasgow Herald |publisher=The Glasgow Herald |pages=8 |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category: 1860 births]]
[[Category:1922 deaths]]
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]
[[Category:People from Sikar]]
[[Category:People from British India]]
[[Category:People from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]]

Chalsa railway station

2026-02-09T07:03:25Z

MHNNoella384131:

{{Short description|Railway station in West Bengal}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Chalsa Railway Station
| type = [[File:Indian Railways Suburban Railway Logo.svg|25px]] [[Indian Railways]] Station
| style = Indian Railways
| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| address = NH - 17, Chalsa, Dist - Jalpaiguri
State: West Bengal
| country = India
| coordinates = {{coord|26.88|88.78|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline}}
| elevation = {{convert|163|m|ft}}
| line = [[New Jalpaiguri–Alipurduar–Samuktala Road line]]
| other =
| structure = [[Intersection_(road)#At_grade_railways|At grade]]
| platform = 2
| tracks = 3 (broad gauge)
| parking = Available
| bicycle =
| opened =
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| electrified = Yes
| code = {{Indian railway code
| code = CLD
| zone = [[Northeast Frontier Railway zone]]
| division = [[Alipurduar railway division|Alipurduar]]
}}
| owned = [[Indian Railways]]
| operator = [[Northeast Frontier Railway zone]]
| status = Functioning
| former =
| passengers =
| pass_year =
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| map_dot_label = '''Chalsa Railway Station'''
| map_size = 300
| map_type = India West Bengal#India
| map_caption = Location in [[West Bengal]]##Location in India
}}
'''Chalsa Railway Station'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Departures from CLD/Chalsa (2 PFs)|url=http://amp.indiarailinfo.com/departures/chalsa-cld/7167|website=indiarailinfo.com}}</ref> is the railway station which serves the town of [[Chalsa, India|Chalsa]], [[Doars]] region in the Indian state of [[West Bengal]]. The station lies on [[New Jalpaiguri–Alipurduar–Samuktala Road line]] of [[Northeast Frontier Railway]] zone, [[Alipurduar railway division]]. Chalsa is also the initial station of the [[Matelli railway station|Chalsa - Matelli - Naxal]] line which is currently undergoing gauge conversion and is under construction. Major trains like [[New Jalpaiguri–Alipurduar Tourist Special]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=NJP Alipurduar Tourist Vistadome Special Express|url=https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-new-jalpaiguri-alipur-duar-tourist-special-05777/8374/444/449|website=indiarailinfo.com}}</ref> [[Siliguri–Alipurduar Intercity Express]]<ref name="indiarailinfo7">{{cite web|url=https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-siliguri-alipur-duar-intercity-express-15767/18647/445/449|title=15767/Siliguri - Alipur Duar Intercity Express (UnReserved) - Siliguri to Alipur Duar NFR/Northeast Frontier Zone - Railway Enquiry|website=indiarailinfo.com|access-date=2021-09-13}}</ref> etc are available from this station.

==See also==
*[[Matelli railway station]]
*[[Naxal railway station]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Railway stations in Jalpaiguri district]]
[[Category:Alipurduar railway division]]

{{WestBengal-railstation-stub}}

Vikas Rohella

2026-02-08T22:13:08Z

MHNNoella384131: Creating Some Entry Added Tags

{{Short description|Lieutenant General in the Indian Army}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix = [[Lieutenant General]]
| name = Vikas Rohella
| honorific_suffix = [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal| AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM**]]
| image = File:Lieutenant General Vikas Rohella.jpg
| image_size = 230px
| caption = Lieutenant General Vikas Rohella
| allegiance = [[India]]
| branch = [[Indian Army]]
| rank = [[Lieutenant General]]
| unit = [[Corps of Engineers (Indian Army)|Corps of Engineers]]
| awards = [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal| AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|Bar to Sena Medal]]
}}

'''Vikas Rohella''' is a senior officer of the [[Indian Army]] who currently serves as the Engineer-in-Chief (E-in-C) of the Army, heading the [[Corps of Engineers (Indian Army)|Corps of Engineers]] and advising the Service and the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]] on engineering and infrastructure matters.<ref name="ADGPI">{{cite web |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1974303101814517960 |title=Lieutenant General Vikas Rohella assumes appointment of Engineer-in-Chief |publisher=ADGPI – Indian Army |date=4 October 2025 |access-date=11 October 2025}}</ref>

==Military career==
Rohella was commissioned into the [[Corps of Engineers (Indian Army)|Corps of Engineers]] and has held a range of staff and command appointments related to infrastructure, land management and environmental planning for the Service.

As DGLWE he oversaw Army-wide policies on land, works and environmental management and represented the Corps in national-level forums. During this tenure he also served as Colonel Commandant of the [[Bombay Engineer Group]].<ref name="SuryaCommand">{{cite web |url=https://x.com/suryacommand/status/1929565220172615957 |title=Col Comdt Bombay Sappers visits 201 CEDU |publisher=Surya Command (Official) |date=2 June 2025 |access-date=11 October 2025}}</ref><ref name="SSBCedu">{{cite web |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/06/lt-gen-vikas-rohella-visits-201-counter-explosive-device-unit-to-enhance-counter-ied-preparedness/ |title=Lt Gen Vikas Rohella visits 201 CEDU to enhance Counter-IED preparedness |publisher=SSBCrack |date=2 June 2025 |access-date=11 October 2025}}</ref><ref name="DGLWE">{{cite web |url=https://www.facebook.com/HQIDS.India/posts/1171744078326657 |title=Lt Gen Vikas Rohella, DG Land Works & Environment addresses CDM/IDS event |publisher=HQ IDS (Official) |access-date=11 October 2025}}</ref>

On 4 October 2025 he formally assumed charge as Engineer-in-Chief of the Indian Army.<ref name="ADGPI" />

==Awards and decorations==
The general officer has been awarded the [[Sena Medal]] twice.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://static.pib.gov.in/WriteReadData/specificdocs/documents/2024/jan/doc2024125302501.pdf |title=Gallantry and Distinguished Service Awards 2024 – Indian Army List |publisher=[[Press Information Bureau]] |date=25 January 2024 |access-date=11 October 2025}}</ref>

{| style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|-
|Colspan=4|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Ati_Vishisht_Seva_Medal_ribbon.svg|width=106}} {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Sena_Medal_ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_Special_Service_Medal_Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_Operation_Vijay_star.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_Siachen_Glacier_Medal_Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_Operation_Vijay_medal.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND Operation Parakram medal.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_Sainya_Seva_Medal_Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_High_Altitude_Medal_Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=75yearmedal.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 50th Anniversary Independence medal.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_30_Years_Long_Service_Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 20YearsServiceMedalRibbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 9YearsServiceMedalRibbon.svg|width=106}}
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|-
|Colspan=2|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal]]
|Colspan=2|[[Sena Medal]]
|-
|[[Samanya Seva Medal]]
|[[Operation Vijay Star]]
|[[Siachen Glacier Medal]]
|[[Operation Vijay Medal]]
|-
|[[Operation Parakram Medal]]
|[[Sainya Seva Medal]]
|[[High Altitude Medal]]
|[[75th Independence Anniversary Medal (India)|75th Independence Anniversary Medal]]
|-
|[[50th Independence Anniversary Medal]]
|[[30 Years Long Service Medal]]
|[[20 Years Long Service Medal]]
|[[9 Years Long Service Medal]]
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rohella, Vikas}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sena Medal]]
[[Category:Indian lieutenant generals]]

Anil Joseph Thomas Couto

2026-02-02T17:17:26Z

MHNNoella384131: update

{{short description|Indian Latin Catholic archbishop (born 1954)}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = archbishop
| honorific-prefix = The Most Reverend
| name = Anil Joseph Thomas Couto
| honorific-suffix =
| title = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Delhi|Archbishop of Delhi]]
| alt =
| image = Anil Joseph Thomas Couto.png
| archdiocese = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Delhi|Archdiocese of Delhi]]
| diocese =
| see = Delhi
| appointed = 2 December 2012
| term_start = 20 January 2013
| predecessor = [[Vincent M. Concessao]]
| successor =
| other_post = [[Chairman]] of the CBCI Office for Clergy and Religious Dialogue
| ordination = 8 February 1981
| ordained_by =
| consecration = 11 March 2001
| consecrated_by = [[Vincent Michael Concessao]]
| cardinal =
| rank = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1954|9|22|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Pomburpa]], [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| nationality =
| residence = Archbishop's House 1 Ashok Place, [[New Delhi]] - 110 001
| previous_post = [[Bishop]] of [[Jalandhar]]
| alma_mater = [[Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas]]
| coat_of_arms =
| motto = {{unbulleted list|English - "That They May All Be One"|Hindi - "Sab Ke Sab, Ek Ho Jaye"|Punjabi - "SARIYANTE SARE EK HO JAAN"}}
}}
{{Infobox bishopstyles |
name=Anil Joseph Thomas Couto |
dipstyle=[[The Most Reverend]] |
offstyle=[[Your Excellency]] |
relstyle=[[Monsignor]] |
deathstyle= |}}

'''Anil Joseph Thomas Couto'''<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/india/archbishop-anil-couto-urges-pm-to-introduce-reservation-for-christian-dalits_1547986.html|title=Archbishop Anil Couto urges PM to introduce reservation for Christian Dalits|date=2015-02-17|work=Zee News|access-date=2017-08-25|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pujyaswamiji.org/dt_galleries/pujya-swamiji-shares-a-loving-moment-with-archbishop-of-delhi-his-grace-anil-joseph-thomas-couto-and-father-dominic-emmanuel/|title=H.H. Pujya Swami Chidanand Saraswatiji {{!}} Pujya Swamiji with Archbishop of Delhi, His Grace Anil Joseph Thomas Couto and Father Dominic Emmanuel|last=designthemes|website=www.pujyaswamiji.org|language=en-US|access-date=2017-08-25|archive-date=25 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170825194418/http://www.pujyaswamiji.org/dt_galleries/pujya-swamiji-shares-a-loving-moment-with-archbishop-of-delhi-his-grace-anil-joseph-thomas-couto-and-father-dominic-emmanuel/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/topic/delhi-archbishop-anil-joseph-thomas-couto|title=Delhi Archbishop Anil Joseph Thomas Couto|website=dna|language=en-US|access-date=2017-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/pm-should-deliver-on-promises-to-minorities-anil-joseph-thomas-couto-115022100750_1.html|title=PM should deliver on promises to minorities: Anil Joseph Thomas Couto|last=Sreedathan|first=G.|date=2015-02-21|work=Business Standard|access-date=2017-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.catholicherald.co.uk/tag/monsignor-anil-joseph-thomas-couto/|title=Tag: Monsignor Anil Joseph Thomas Couto {{!}} CatholicHerald.co.uk|website=CatholicHerald.co.uk|language=en-US|access-date=2017-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sacredheartcathedraldelhi.org/|title=Sacred Heart Cathedral Church, New Delhi|website=sacredheartcathedraldelhi.org|access-date=2017-05-09}}</ref> is the serving archbishop of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Delhi|Archdiocese of Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.icym.net/news/national-news/606-archbishop-anil-joseph-thomas-couto-is-installed-as-archbishop-of-delhi|title=Archbishop Anil Joseph Thomas Couto is installed as Archbishop of Delhi - Indian Catholic Youth Movement (ICYM)|last=Administrator|website=www.icym.net|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-08-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170825190309/http://www.icym.net/news/national-news/606-archbishop-anil-joseph-thomas-couto-is-installed-as-archbishop-of-delhi|archive-date=25 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Early life ==
He was born on 22 September 1954 in [[Pomburpa]], [[Goa]], to Mr. Avito Piedade Jose Couto and Mrs. Ernestina Isabel Lobo e Couto.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rosaryschool.in/our-patron.aspx|title=Our Patron|website=www.rosaryschool.in|access-date=2017-08-25}}</ref> [[Joseph Coutts]], [[Archbishop of Karachi]] and [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinal]], is his first cousin.<ref>[https://itsgoa.com/goan-origin-archbishop-joseph-coutts-appointed-cardinal-by-pope Goan origin archbishop Joseph Coutts appointed cardinal by Pope]. ''Its Goa''.</ref>

== Education ==
Anil received his primary education at a Government Primary School and thereafter at St. Elizabeth's High School at [[Pomburpa]], [[Goa]]. He did his ecclesiastical studies at the Seminary of Our Lady at [[Saligao]] and his [[Philosophical Studies|philosophical studies]] at the [[Rachol Seminary|Patriarchal Seminary]] at [[Rachol]] in [[Goa]]. Completed [[Master of Theology|Master of Theology Degree]] in [[Ecumenism]] at [[Vidyajyoti College of Theology|Vidyajyoti]] and acquired his [[Doctor of Philosophy|Doctorate]] in [[Ecumenism|Ecumenical]] [[Theology]] at [[Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas|St. Thomas Aquinas Pontifical University]] ([[Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas|Angelicum]]), [[Rome]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rosaryschool.in/our-patron.aspx|title=Our Patron|website=www.rosaryschool.in|access-date=2017-07-06}}</ref>

== Religious journey ==
He was ordained a priest for [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Delhi]] on 8 February 1981. Appointed [[Auxiliary bishop|Auxiliary Bishop]] of Delhi on 17 January 2001, he was ordained bishop on 11 March 2001. He was appointed [[Vicar general|Episcopal Vicar]] by late Archbishop [[Alan Basil de Lastic|Alan de Lastic]] 1999 and appointed [[Auxiliary bishop|Auxiliary Bishop]] of [[Delhi]] & [[Titular bishop|Titular Bishop]] of [[Cenculiana]] on 17 January 2001. His [[Episcopal ordination|Episcopal Ordination]] was held on 11 March 2001. He was transferred as [[Bishop in the Catholic Church|Bishop]] of [[Jalandhar]] on 24 February 2007 and he took charge of it on 15 April 2007. He also served as the [[Rector (ecclesiastical)|Rector]] of the Delhi Archdiocesan Minor Seminary, "Vinay Gurukul", in [[Gurgaon]]. In 1991 he was appointed the Rector of 'Pratiksha', [[Seminary|Major Seminary]], in [[Delhi]].

== Archbishop ==
He was appointed the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Delhi|Archbishop of Delhi]] on 2 December 2012, replacing [[Vincent Conçessao|Archbishop Vincent Concessao]], who passed the [[Canon law of the Catholic Church|canonical]] [[retirement]] age of 75 the previous year.

He also serves as the [[ecumenism]] chairman of the [[Catholic Bishops' Conference of India|Conference of the Catholic Bishops' of India]]. He is a member of the [[Catholic Bishops' Conference of India|Commission for Inter Religious Dialogue of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of India (CBCI)]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.archdiocesedelhi.org/Biography.aspx|title=Biography|website=www.archdiocesedelhi.org|access-date=2017-04-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://synod14.vatican.va/content/sinodo/it/sinodo2014/events/event.dir.html/content/sinodoevents/it/2014/10/15/enginterviewwithaniljosephthomascouto.html|title=(ENG) Interview with +Anil Joseph Thomas Couto|website=Vatican.va|access-date=2017-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426062910/http://synod14.vatican.va/content/sinodo/it/sinodo2014/events/event.dir.html/content/sinodoevents/it/2014/10/15/enginterviewwithaniljosephthomascouto.html|archive-date=26 April 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cbci.in/all-Commissions/Clergy-Religious.aspx|title=Catholic Bishops' Conference of India|website=cbci.in|access-date=2017-04-25}}</ref>

== Controversial political comments ==
Anil Couto, in a letter written to all parish priests and religious institutions in the Delhi archdiocese, has claimed that a "turbulent political atmosphere" in the country posed a threat to India's constitutional principles and secular fabric. Reacting to the development, Government Minister Giriraj Singh said in a tweet, "The church receives an order from Italy whereas pseudo-seculars get their support from Pakistan. The day will soon come when the Hindus understand this and smash both to save India".<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/64274669.cms | title=Godmen should stay away from politics: Alphons on Delhi archbishop letter| newspaper=The Economic Times| date=22 May 2018}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[List of Catholic bishops of India]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{wikiquote}}
{{commonscat}}

{{S-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{Succession box
| title = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Delhi|Archbishop of Delhi]]
| years = 2012 - present
| before = [[Vincent M. Concessao]]
| after = incumbent
}}
{{S-end}}

{{Subject bar |portal1= Biography |portal2= Catholicism |portal3= India}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Couto, Anil Joseph Thomas}}

[[Category:1954 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from North Goa district]]
[[Category:21st-century Roman Catholic archbishops in India]]
[[Category:Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas alumni]]

Purapporul Venbamaalai

2026-01-29T06:17:09Z

MHNNoella384131: stub - done

{{Short description|Medieval Tamil text by Iyyanarithanar}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Purapporul Venbamaalai {{lang|ta|புறப்பொருள் வெண்பாமாலை}}
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| author = [[Iyyanarithanar]]
| title_orig =
| orig_lang_code =
| title_working =
| translator =
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Medieval Tamil]]
| series =
| subject = Tamil grammar
| genre = [[Poetry]]
| set_in = 9th century CE
| pub_date =
| english_pub_date =
}}

'''Purapporul Venbamaalai''' ({{langx|ta|புறப்பொருள் வெண்பாமாலை}}) is a medieval Tamil text on the grammar of the ''puram'' (lit. "external") genre of the [[Tamil literature]]. Authored by [[Iyyanarithanar]], the work is dated to around the 9th century CE. It is one of the work for which the author himself has written an exegesis. The work is considered the only work on the ''puram'' genre after the [[Tolkappiyam]]. The work is extensively quoted by later scholars, including the [[Ilampooranar]] (12th century), [[Nacchinarkkiniyar]], and others.{{sfn|Swaminatha Iyer, 1942|pp=2–4}}

==The work==
The work divides the ''puram'' element into 12 parts, known as ''thinai''s. These thinais are grouped under three categories. Each ''thinai''s is subdivided into various divisions called ''thurai''s. Each thinai has a verse known as ''suthiram'' (lit. "formula") that summarizes all the ''thurai''s. There are 19 such suthirams in the work. Each ''thurai'' has a couplet, called the ''kolu'' that explains the thurai. There are 342 such kolus (verses) in the work. The work is considered to be based on the ''Pannirupadalam'', an ancient work attributed to the 12 disciples of Sage [[Agasthya]].{{sfn|Swaminatha Iyer, 1942|pp=2–4}}

== See also ==
* [[Tamil literature]]

==Citations==
{{reflist}}

== References ==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book | last = Swaminatha Iyer | first = U. V. | author-link = | title = Iyyanarithanar's Puropporul Venbamaalai and Chamundi Devanayakar's Commentary | publisher = S. Kalyana Sundaraiyar Publications | series = Dr. U. V. Swaminatha Iyer Collection | volume = | edition = 5 | date = 1942 | location = | pages = 2–4 | language = ta | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = |ref={{sfnRef|Swaminatha Iyer, 1942}} }}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
{{Portal bar|India|Tamils|Literature|Poetry}}
{{Tamil language}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Purapporul Venbamaalai}}
[[Category:Ancient Indian grammar works]]

Nishatunnisa Mohani

2026-01-25T02:28:19Z

MHNNoella384131: new - done

{{Short description|Indian freedom fighter (1884 – 1937)}}

{{Infobox person
| name = Nishatunnisha Mohani
| birth_date = 1884
| birth_place = Lucknow, India
| death_date = 18 April 1937
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| movement = [[Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922)|non-cooperation movement]] and [[Khilafat movement]]
| spouse = [[Hasrat Mohani]]
}}

'''Begum Nishatunnisha Mohani''' (1884{{Spaced en dash}}18 April 1937) was an Indian freedom fighter, journalist and social worker. She was a staunch critic of the British rule and supported the movement, which started by [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]]. Tilak was a supporter of the [[Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922)|Non cooperation movement]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharif |first=Marziya |date=2022-08-15 |title=75 years of Independence: Muslim women in India's freedom struggle |url=https://www.siasat.com/75-years-of-independence-muslim-women-in-indias-freedom-struggle-2390946/ |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=The Siasat Daily |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-24 |title=Begum Nishatunnisa Mohani: A firebrand freedom fighter, known for 'Total Independence Concept' |url=https://www.alhaqeeqa.org/begum-nishatunnisa-mohani-a-firebrand-freedom-fighter-known-for-total-independence-concept/ |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=Al Haqeeqa |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309111032/https://www.alhaqeeqa.org/begum-nishatunnisa-mohani-a-firebrand-freedom-fighter-known-for-total-independence-concept/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Who was Nishat un Nisa Begum who discarded purdah during freedom movement |url=https://www.awazthevoice.in/culture-news/who-was-nishat-un-nisa-begum-who-discarded-purdah-during-freedom-movement-21407.html |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=awazthevoice.in |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and background ==
Born in Lucknow in 1885, Nishatunnisa received her education at home, following the tradition of that era. She was proficient in [[Urdu]], [[Arabic]], [[Persian language|Persian]], and [[English language|English]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Aftab |first=Tahera |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HIISikCITAgC&dq=Begum+Nishatunnisa+Mohani&pg=PA229 |title=Inscribing South Asian Muslim Women: An Annotated Bibliography & Research Guide |date=2008 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-15849-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Qadiri |first=Khalid Hasan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5rpjAAAAMAAJ&q=Begum+Nishatunnisa+Mohani |title=Hasrat Mohani |date=1985 |publisher=Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-08-10 |title=Courage Personified |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/opinion/courage-personified/ |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=Greater Kashmir |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Life and movements ==
Nishatunnisa worked extensively in the [[Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922)|non-cooperation movement]] and [[Khilafat Movement|Khilafat movement]]. It was Nishatunnisa who started the first Khadi clothes shop by the name of Aligarh Khilafat Store.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Engineer |first=Asghar Ali |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PZcCzh7UvBMC&dq=Begum+Nishatunnisa+Mohani&pg=PA29 |title=Muslim Minority, Continuity and Change |date=2008 |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |isbn=978-81-212-1013-3 |language=en}}</ref> With the income earned from this, she supported [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s magazine ''[[Young India]]''. She vehemently opposed the legal actions taken by the British and persevered in the publication of [[Hasrat Mohani]]'s newspaper ''[[Urdu-e-Mualla]]''.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gSVuAAAAMAAJ&q=Begum+Nishatunnisa+Mohani |title=An Account of Bi-Amman's Bihar Visit, 1922 |date=1996 |publisher=Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library |language=en}}</ref>

She condemned and criticised Mahatma Gandhi for not standing up for the resolution for Complete Independence that had been suggested by her husband, Hasrat Mohani.

Later she left [[Indian National Congress]] and she continued fighting for the interests of farmers and laborers.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Menon |first=Visalakshi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kV2fumLhRGwC&dq=Begum+Nishatunnisa+Mohani&pg=PA113 |title=Indian Women and Nationalism, the U.P. Story |date=2003 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |isbn=978-81-241-0939-7 |language=en}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
She was married to [[Hasrat Mohani]], a tenacious independence warrior and the one who gave the phrase “[[Inquilab Zindabad]]”<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ViZuAAAAMAAJ&q=Begum+Nishatunnisa+Mohani |title=Contemporary India: Journal of Nehru Memorial Museum and Library). |date=2004 |publisher=Memorial Museum and Library |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lāʼibrerī |first=K̲h̲udā Bak̲h̲sh Oriyanṭal Pablik |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y2ptAAAAMAAJ&q=Begum+Nishatunnisa+Mohani |title=Khuda Bakhsh Library journal |date=1996 |publisher=K̲h̲udā Bak̲h̲sh Oriyanṭal Pablik Lāʼibreri |language=ur}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tixuAAAAMAAJ&q=Begum+Nishatunnisa+Mohani |title=Sampark: Journal of Global Understanding |date=2004 |publisher=Sampark Literary Services |language=en}}</ref>

== Death ==
Nishatunnisa died on 18 April 1937.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mohani, Begum Hasrat (1885-1937) · Jane Addams Digital Edition |url=https://digital.janeaddams.ramapo.edu/items/show/28696 |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=digital.janeaddams.ramapo.edu}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Indian Revolutionary Movement}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mohani, Nishatunnisa}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1884 births]]
[[Category:1937 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian women journalists]]
[[Category:Indian journalists]]
[[Category:Indian women activists]]

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission

2026-01-20T07:37:28Z

MHNNoella384131: Updated article with clearer structure

{{short description|2005–2014 city-modernisation scheme in India}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{More citations needed|date=October 2015}}
{{Cleanup rewrite|date=August 2025}}
}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox project
| abbreviation = JNNURM
| logo = JnNURM logo.svg
| image = JNNURM Scheme Water Supply.JPG
| logo_alt = JNNURM
| caption = Overhead Water Tank Capacity 3 million litres, at Barat Nagar BHEL under Bhopal Municipal Corporation
| country = India
| primeminister =
| launched = {{Start date|2005|12|03|df=y}}
| closed = 2014
| current_status = Succeeded by [[Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation|AMRUT]]
}}

'''Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission''' ('''JNNURM''') was a massive city-modernization scheme launched by the [[Government of India]] under the [[Ministry of Urban Development (India)|Ministry of Urban Development]]. It envisaged a total investment of over $20 billion over seven years. It was named after [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], the first [[Prime Minister of India]]. The scheme aimed to encourage reforms and fast-track planned development of identified cities. The focus was on efficiency in [[urban infrastructure]] and service delivery mechanisms, community participation, and accountability of urban local bodies and parastatal agencies towards citizens.<ref name="NNVNS.ORG">{{Cite web|last=NNVNS.ORG|date=2021-11-08|title=Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission [All Details]|url=https://www.nnvns.org/jawaharlal-nehru-national-urban-renewal-mission/|access-date=2021-11-29|language=en-US}}</ref>
The scheme was officially inaugurated by [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Manmohan Singh]] on 3 December 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/Prime-Ministers-Office.htm |title=Prime Minister's Office |access-date=2012-05-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517045523/http://jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/Prime-Ministers-Office.htm |archive-date=17 May 2012 }}</ref>.
== Structure ==

=== Sub-missions ===
JNNURM primarily incorporates two sub-missions into its program:
* The Sub-Mission for Urban Infrastructure and Governance administered by the [[Ministry of Urban Development (India)|Ministry of Urban Development]], with a focus on water supply and sanitation, solid waste management, road network, urban transport and redevelopment of old city areas.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}}
* The Sub-Mission for Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP)<ref name="JNNURM Sub-missions">Sub-missions:[http://jnnurm.nic.in/ JnNURM Sub-Missions] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510225954/http://jnnurm.nic.in/|date=10 May 2012}}</ref> administered by the [[Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation]] with a focus on integrated development of slums.<ref name="JNNURM">Government of India:[http://jnnurm.nic.in/nurmudweb/toolkit/Overview.pdf Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100216181522/http://jnnurm.nic.in/nurmudweb/toolkit/Overview.pdf |date=16 February 2010 }}, ca. 2005</ref>
[[File:IHSDP JNNRUM Project.JPG|thumb|Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) under JNNRUM for slum improvement and rehabilitation]]
In addition to this, it has two further components:<ref>{{cite web|title=JNNURM Directorate |url=http://mhupa.gov.in/PQAS/jnnurm.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111013084829/http://mhupa.gov.in/PQAS/jnnurm.pdf |archive-date=13 October 2011 }}</ref>
* The Sub-Mission for Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small & Medium Towns (UIDSSMT) administered by the [[Ministry of Urban Development (India)|Ministry of Urban Development]], with a focus on subsuming the schemes of Integrated Development of Small and Medium Towns (IDSMT) and Accelerated Urban Water Supply Programme (AUWSP) which aim at planned urban infrastructural improvement in towns and cities under its purview.<ref>{{cite web|title=UIDSSMT Guidelines |url=http://urbanindia.nic.in/programme/ud/uidssmt_guidelines.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005023157/http://urbanindia.nic.in/programme/ud/uidssmt_guidelines.htm |archive-date= 5 October 2011 }}</ref>
* The Sub-Mission for Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) administered by [[Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation]] (MHUPA) was envisaged and brought into effect in 1993–94 in accordance with providing the entire population with safe and adequate water supply facilities. This sub-mission was mainly implemented in towns with populations less than 20,000 as per the 1991 census.<ref>{{cite web|title=Accelerated Urban Water Supply Programme (AUWSP) |url=http://urbanindia.nic.in/programme/uwss/auwsp.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102052541/http://urbanindia.nic.in/programme/uwss/auwsp.htm |archive-date= 2 November 2011 }}</ref>

=== Objectives ===
* Focused attention relating to infrastructural services in the context of integrated development is to be covered under the mission.
* Make efficient and increase self-sustaining capabilities of cities as per the sector proving infrastructural services by securing the linkages between asset creation and asset management<ref name="NNVNS.ORG"/>
* Ensure adequate investment of funds to fulfill deficiencies in the urban infrastructural services.
* Planned development of identified cities including peri-urban areas, out growths, urban corridors, so that urbanization takes place in a dispersed manner.
* Scale up delivery of civic amenities and provision of utilities with emphasis on universal access to urban poor.
* To take up urban renewal programme, i.e., re-development of inner (old) cities area to reduce congestion.<ref name="Guidelines for JNNURM ">Guidelines:[http://www.india.gov.in/allimpfrms/alldocs/15518.pdf JNNURM Guidelines], February 2009</ref>
* Provision of basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices, improved housing, water supply and sanitation, and ensuring delivery of other existing universal services of the government for education, health and social security.

=== Duration ===
The duration of the mission was initially seven years beginning from December 2005. During this period, the mission sought to ensure sustainable development of participating cities. An evaluation of the experience of implementation of the mission would be undertaken before the end of the [[Five-Year plans of India#Eleventh Five-Year Plan|Eleventh Five Year Plan]] in 2012. The duration of the mission was extended by two more years: until 31 March 2014.<ref name="NNVNS.ORG"/>

funds are channeled through state-level agencies, where grants from the central and state governments are pooled and passed on as grants or soft loans to cities provided that they have prepared development strategies and that the investments identified fit within these strategies. The mission emphasises transparency and accountability. It supports public-private partnerships and cost recovery to make service providers financially self-sustaining.<ref name="JNNURM"/> The share of grant funding by the central government can vary from 35% in the largest cities to up to 90% in cities in the Northeast. Most cities receive grants covering 50% or 80% of costs depending on size.<ref>Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services Limited (ILFS) India:[http://www.ilfsindia.com/downloads/bus_concept/JNNURM.pdf IL&FS IDC Services offered for JNNURM and UIDSSMT Schemes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103132136/http://ilfsindia.com/downloads/bus_concept/JNNURM.pdf |date=3 January 2010 }}, undated presentation</ref> [[Capacity building]] is also included in the mission to assist urban local bodies to prepare strategies and projects.

Currently, ten projects are covered by JNNURM funds pertaining to road network, storm water drains, bus rapid transit system, water supply, solid waste management, sewage treatment, river and lake improvement, slum improvement and rehabilitation, all fall under its scope.

====Strategy of the Mission====

# Preparing City Development Plan: Every city will be expected to formulate a City Development Plan (CDP) indicating policies, programmes and strategies, and financing plans.
# Preparing Projects: The CDP would facilitate identification of projects. The Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) / parastatal agencies will be required to prepare Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) for undertaking projects in the identified spheres.
# Release and Leveraging of Funds: It is expected that the JNNURM assistance would serve to catalyse the flow of investment into the urban infrastructure sector across the country. Funds from the Central and State Government will flow directly to the nodal agency designated by the State, as grants-in-aid.
# Incorporating Private Sector Efficiencies: In order to optimise the life-cycle costs over the planning horizon, private sector efficiencies can be inducted in development, management, implementation and financing of projects, through Public Private Partnership (PPP) arrangements.<ref name="NNVNS.ORG"/>

====Expected Outcomes====

# Modern and transparent budgeting, accounting, financial management systems, designed and adopted for all urban service and governance functions.
# City-wide framework for planning and governance will be established and become operational.
# All urban residents will be able to obtain access to a basic level of urban services.
# Financially self-sustaining agencies for urban governance and service delivery will be established, through reforms to major revenue instruments.
# Local services and governance will be conducted in a manner that is transparent and accountable to citizens.
# E-governance applications will be introduced in core functions of ULBs/Parastatal resulting in reduced cost and time of service delivery processes.<ref name="NNVNS.ORG"/>

== Coverage ==

As per the JNNURM guidelines, only select cities/[[Urban Agglomeration]]s (UAs) as per [[2001 Census of India|2001 Census]] have been chosen for the implementation of the programme as per norms/criteria mentioned below:<ref name="Guidelines for JNNURM " />

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| A || Cities/UAs with 4 million plus population as per 2001 census || 07
|-
| B || Cities/UAs with 1 million plus but less than 4 million population as per [[2001 Census of India|2001 census]] || 28
|-
| C || Selected cities/UAs (state capitals and other cities/UAs of religious/historic and touristic importance) || 28
|}

== Implementation ==
[[File:APSRTC'S JnNURM 2 MetroExpress JanBus.jpg|thumb|JNNURM city bus in [[Vijayawada]]]]
[[File:Inside Bus W.jpg|thumb|Interior of Low Floor Buses]]
[[File:Thiruvananthapuram Volvo bus.jpg|thumb|Low floor bus from JNNURM for [[Kochi]] and [[Thiruvananthapuram]] ]]
[[File:Coimbatore-TNSTC-JnNURM-Bus.JPG|thumb|Semi-Low Floor (SLF) bus from JNNURM for [[Metropolitan Transport Corporation (Chennai)|Chennai]], [[Coimbatore]], [[Madurai]] cities & to [[Puducherry Road Transport Corporation|Puducherry]].]]
[[File:City Bus Hyd.jpg|thumb|A commuter bus in Hyderabad that is procured as a part of JNNURM]]

===State level reforms===

As of 2012 [[Gujarat]] led the tally for the state level reforms, being the only state to have achieved all 10 reforms required by the mission. Five states have achieved 9 out of 10 reforms: [[Telangana]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Maharashtra]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Orissa, India|Orissa]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref name="State Reform Update 2012"/> Public disclosure and community participation laws have initially progressed slowly, with only five states managing to enact them as part of the reform agenda as of 2009.<ref name="2009 progress report">Indian Infrastructure:[http://www.indiaurbanportal.in/JNNURM/news/jnnurm_progress_rep.pdf JNNURM Progress Report]{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, February 2009</ref> However, as of 2012 community participation laws have been enacted by 22 out of 31 states, and public disclosure laws were enacted by 27 states. 20 states had decentralised the responsibility for water supply and sanitation from the state level to ULBs, and 19 had done so for city planning functions.<ref name="State Reform Update 2012">{{cite web|last=JnNURM|title=UIG – State Level Reform Status, March 2012|url=http://jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/State-Level.pdf|access-date=30 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921054433/http://jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/State-Level.pdf|archive-date=21 September 2012}}</ref>

[[File:JNNURM Bus.jpg|thumb|A low-floor bus by JNNURM scheme used by [[West Bengal]] Transport Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited, in the capital city of [[Kolkata]]]]

===City level reform of 2012===

[[Visakhapatnam]], [[Surat]] and [[Pune]] had the distinction of having accomplished all 8 city level reforms. [[Chennai]], Greater [[Mumbai]] and [[Hyderabad]] had achieved 7 out of 8 reforms. Out of 67 cities, 30 had achieved the 90% target for property tax collection, 20 had achieved full operation and maintenance cost recovery for water supply and sanitation, but only 8 had achieved cost recovery for solid waste.<ref name="ULB Reform Status 2012">{{cite web|last=JnNURM UIG|title=ULB Level Reforms Status, March 2012|url=http://jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/ULB-Level.pdf|access-date=30 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921063549/http://jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/ULB-Level.pdf|archive-date=21 September 2012}}</ref>

===Sanctioning of projects===

As of 2009, 415 projects requiring an investment of {{INRConvert|440|b}}, equivalent to half the total envisaged program amount, were approved. Among the states, [[Maharashtra]] has been sanctioned the maximum number of projects under the mission. Among cities, [[Bangalore]] has had the highest number of approved projects.<ref name="2009 progress report"/>

==Midterm appraisal==
A midterm appraisal carried out in 2009 by the consulting firm [[Grant Thornton]] recommended to establish a single directorate for the ministries in charge of the mission; more involvement of city administrations in the preparation of city development plans that were prepared by consultants; broader stakeholder consultation during environmental and social impact assessments; the development of a national procurement manual; separation of the approval process for projects in two stages; financial support and capacity development for the implementation of reforms in addition to funding for infrastructure; the use of policies for public-private partnerships and pooled funding mechanisms at the state level, such as urban development funds that exist in Tamil Nadu and Orissa.<ref>{{cite web|last=JNNURM|title=Annual Update 2010–2011|url=http://jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/Annual%20Update%202010-2011%20(Bleed%205%20mm).pdf|pages=4–5|access-date=30 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121031150305/http://jnnurm.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/Annual%20Update%202010-2011%20(Bleed%205%20mm).pdf|archive-date=31 October 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Funding shares by city categories ==

{| class="wikitable text-centre"
|+ '''Percentage of Funding'''<ref name="Guidelines for JNNURM " />
|-
! rowspan="2" | Category of Cities/Towns/UAs
! colspan="2" | Grant
! rowspan="2" | ULB or Para-Statal Share/Loan from Financial Institutions
|-
! ''Centre''
! ''State''
|-
| Cities/UAs with 4 million plus population as per [[2001 Census of India|2001 census]]
| 35%
| 15%
| 50%
|-
| Cities/UAs with million plus but less than 4 million population as per [[2001 Census of India|2001 census]]
| 50%
| 20%
| 30%
|-
| Cities/towns/UAs in North Eastern States and [[Jammu]] & [[Kashmir]]
| 90%
| 10%
| –
|-
| Cities/UAs other than those mentioned above
| 80%
| 10%
| 10%
|-
| For setting up de-salination plants within 20 km. 
From sea-shore and other urban areas predominantly 
facing [[water scarcity]] due to brackish water and 
non-availability of surface source.
| 80%
| 10%
| 10%
|}

== List of identified cities ==
The following table provides for a list of the cities/urban agglomerations (UAs) identified to receive the benefits of JNNURM. They include data pertaining to the state they belong to; the population in these cities given in lakhs as per the census of 2001.<ref name="Census">Census of India, 2001:[http://www.censusindia.net 2001 Census of India]</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ List of identified cities/urban agglomerations (UA) as per 2001 Census<ref name="Guidelines for JNNURM " /><ref name="JnNURM – The Hindu">The Hindu, 2013:[http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/all-districts-to-get-lowfloor-buses/article5182045.ece All districts to get low-floor buses]</ref><ref name="EAI – JnNURM">EAI, 2012:[http://www.eai.in/360/news/pages/8013 All districts to get low-floor buses] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210193836/http://www.eai.in/360/news/pages/8013 |date=10 December 2014 }}</ref>
! colspan="4" | Mega Cities
|-
! No.
! City/UA
! Name of the State
! Population (in lakh)
|-
| 1
| [[Delhi]]
| [[Delhi]]
| 128.77
|-
| 2
| [[Greater Mumbai]]
| [[Maharashtra]]
| 164.34
|-
| 3
| [[Hyderabad]]
| [[Telangana]]
| 57.72
|-
| 4
| [[Bangalore]]
| [[Karnataka]]
| 57.01
|-
| 5
| [[Chennai]]
| [[Tamil Nadu]]
| 65.60
|-
| 6
| [[Kolkata]]
| [[West Bengal]]
| 132.06
|-
| 7
| [[Ahmedabad]]
| [[Gujarat]]
| 45.25
|-
! colspan="4" | Million-plus Cities/UAs
|-
! No.
! City/UA
! Name of the State
! Population (in lakh)
|-
| 1
| [[Patna]]
| [[Bihar]]
| 16.98
|-
| 2
| [[Faridabad]]
| [[Haryana]]
| 10.56
|-
| 3
| [[Bhopal]]
| [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| 14.58
|-
| 4
| [[Ludhiana]]
| [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| 13.98
|-
| 5
| [[Jaipur]]
| [[Rajasthan]]
| 23.27
|-
| 6
| [[Lucknow]]
| [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| 22.46
|-
| 7
| [[Madurai]]
| [[Tamil Nadu]]
| 12.03
|-
| 8
| [[Nashik]]
| [[Maharashtra]]
| 16.52
|-
| 9
| [[Pune]]
| [[Maharashtra]]
| 37.60
|-
| 10
| [[Kochi]]
| [[Kerala]]
| 13.55
|-
| 11
| [[Varanasi]]
| [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| 12.04
|-
| 12
| [[Agra]]
| [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| 13.31
|-
| 13
| [[Amritsar]]
| [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| 10.03
|-
| 14
| [[Visakhapatnam]]
| [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| 13.45
|-
| 15
| [[Vadodara]]
| [[Gujarat]]
| 14.91
|-
| 16
| [[Surat]]
| [[Gujarat]]
| 28.11
|-
| 17
| [[Kanpur]]
| [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| 27.15
|-
| 18
| [[Nagpur]]
| [[Maharashtra]]
| 21.29
|-
| 19
| [[Coimbatore]]
| [[Tamil Nadu]]
| 14.61
|-
| 20
| [[Meerut]]
| [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| 11.61
|-
| 21
| [[Jabalpur]]
| [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| 10.98
|-
| 22
| [[Jamshedpur]]
| [[Jharkhand]]
| 11.04
|-
| 23
| [[Asansol]]
| [[West Bengal]]
| 10.67
|-
| 24
| [[Allahabad]]
| [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| 10.42
|-
| 25
| [[Vijayawada]]
| [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| 10.39
|-
| 26
| [[Rajkot]]
| [[Gujarat]]
| 10.03
|-
| 27
| [[Dhanbad]]
| [[Jharkhand]]
| 10.65
|-
| 28
| [[Indore]]
| [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| 16.40
|-

! colspan="4" | Identified cities/UAs with less than 1 million population
|-
! No.
! City/UA
! Name of the State
! Population (in lakh)
|-
| 1
| [[Guwahati]]
| [[Assam]]
| 8.19
|-
| 2
| [[Itanagar]]
| [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
| 0.35
|-
| 3
| [[Jammu]]
| [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu & Kashmir]]
| 6.12
|-
| 4
| [[Raipur]]
| [[Chhattisgarh]]
| 7.00
|-
| 5
| [[Panaji]]
| [[Goa]]
| 0.99
|-
| 6
| [[Shimla]]
| [[Himachal Pradesh]]
| 1.45
|-
| 7
| [[Ranchi]]
| [[Jharkhand]]
| 8.63
|-
| 8
| [[Thiruvananthapuram]]
| [[Kerala]]
| 8.90
|-
| 9
| [[Imphal]]
| [[Manipur]]
| 2.50
|-
| 10
| [[Shillong]]
| [[Meghalaya]]
| 2.68
|-
| 11
| [[Aizawl]]
| [[Mizoram]]
| 2.28
|-
| 12
| [[Kohima]]
| [[Nagaland]]
| 0.77
|-
| 13
| [[Bhubaneshwar]]
| [[Odisha]]
| 6.58
|-
| 14
| [[Gangtok]]
| [[Sikkim]]
| 0.29
|-
| 15
| [[Agartala]]
| [[Tripura]]
| 1.90
|-
| 16
| [[Dehradun]]
| [[Uttaranchal]]
| 5.30
|-
| 17
| [[Bodh Gaya]]
| [[Bihar]]
| 3.94
|-
| 18
| [[Ujjain]]
| [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| 4.31
|-
| 19
| [[Puri]]
| [[Odisha]]
| 1.57
|-
| 20
| [[Pushkar]]
| [[Rajasthan]]
| 5.04
|-
| 21
| [[Nainital]]
| [[Uttaranchal]]
| 2.20
|-
| 22
| [[Mysore]]
| [[Karnataka]]
| 7.99
|-
| 23
| [[Mangalore]]
| [[Karnataka]]
| 6.23
|-
| 24
| [[Udupi]]
| [[Karnataka]]
| 1.65
|-
| 25
| [[Puducherry (city)|Pondicherry]]
| [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]
| 5.05
|-
| 26
| [[Chandigarh]]
| [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[Haryana]]
| 8.08
|-
| 27
| [[Srinagar]]
| [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| 9.88
|-
| 28
| [[Mathura]]
| [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| 3.23
|-
| 29
| [[Haridwar]]
| [[Uttaranchal]]
| 2.21
|-
| 30
| [[Kolhapur]]
| [[Maharashtra]]
| 5.50
|-
| 31
| [[Guntur]]
| [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| 7.43
|-
| 32
| [[Kollam]]
| [[Kerala]]
| 3.49
|-
| 33
| [[Tiruchirappalli]]
| [[Tamil Nadu]]
| 7.52
|-
| 34
| [[Cuttack]]
| [[Odisha]]
| 5.35
|}

Note: National Steering Group may choose to add or delete cities/UAs/towns under Category-C (other than state capitals) based on the suggestions received from state governments. However, the number of cities under the mission shall remain around 60.

=== Discrepancies in funding for small cities ===
Based on research conducted by the Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 65 cities were allocated 75% of the funding through JnNURM for projects related to Urban Infrastructure and [[Governance]] (UIG) and Basic Services for the [[Urban poor|Urban Poor]] (BSUP).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |first= |title=Urban India 2011: Evidence |url=https://iihs.co.in/knowledge-gateway/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/IUC-Book_02-03-12-LOW-RES.pdf}}</ref> In contrast, 640 cities received the remaining 25% of funding for initiatives like the Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) and the Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT).<ref name=":0" />

Bigger cities received greater per capita investment under JnNURM compared to smaller cities. Moreover, while JnNURM encompassed all residents in cities with a population of one million or more, it only encompassed slightly over half of those in class I cities and less than half of those in classes II, III, and IV cities.<ref name=":0" /> According to JnNURM, none of the cities in classes V and VI were included. Larger cities have a greater proportion of urban population served by JnNURM compared to smaller cities.<ref name=":0" />

== See also ==
* [[Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation]] (AMRUT), successor to JnNURM
* [[Vikas yojna]]
* [[Accredited Social Health Activist]]
* [[Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070502111410/http://jnnurm.nic.in/ JNNURM Homepage]
* [https://archive.today/20130218021144/http://www.ccs.in/jnnurm JNNURM information from the Centre for Civil Society, New Delhi]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100204221252/http://www.indiaurbanportal.in/JNNURM/jnnurm.htm indiaurbanportal-JNNURM]

{{Government Schemes in India}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Government agencies of India]]
[[Category:Urban planning in India]]
[[Category:Manmohan Singh administration]]
[[Category:Indian missions]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials to Jawaharlal Nehru]]

George Uglow Pope

2026-01-11T11:50:48Z

MHNNoella384131: fix

{{short description|Anglican Christian missionary and Tamil scholar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| name = George Uglow Pope
| image = George_Uglow_Pope.jpg
| caption =
| birth_place = [[Bedeque, Prince Edward Island|Bedeque]], [[Prince Edward Island]], [[Canada]]
| birth_date = 24 April 1820
| death_date = 11 February 1908 (aged 87)
| death_place = [[Oxford]], [[England]]
| resting_place = [[St Sepulchre's Cemetery]], Jericho, [[Oxford]], [[England]]
| occupation = {{flatlist|
* [[Anglicanism|Anglican]] [[missionary]]
* [[Tamil language|Tamil]] [[scholar]]
* [[translator]]}}
| era =
| movement =
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|Mary Carver|1841|1845}}
* {{marriage|Henrietta Page|1849}}
}}
| children = [[George Stevens Pope]]
| signature =
}}

'''George Uglow Pope''' (24 April 1820 – 11 February 1908), or '''G. U. Pope''', was an [[Anglicanism|Anglican]] [[Christianity|Christian]] [[missionary]] and [[Tamil language|Tamil]] [[scholar]] who spent 40 years in [[Tamil Nadu]] and translated many [[Tamil language|Tamil]] texts into [[English language|English]]. His popular translations included those of the [[Tirukkural]] and [[Thiruvasagam]].

He later took to teaching, running his own school in [[Ooty|Ootacamund (now Ooty)]] for while and then moving to head the [[Bishop Cotton Boys' School]] in [[Bangalore]] and after returning to [[England]] worked as a [[Lecturer]] at [[Balliol College]], [[Oxford]]. A [[statue]] on the [[Chennai]] beach recognizes him for his contribution to the understanding and promotion of the [[Tamil language]].

== Biography ==
[[File:Statue of G U Pope.jpg|thumb|left|Statue of G. U. Pope in [[Triplicane]], [[Chennai]]]]
George Uglow Pope was born on 24 April 1820 in [[Bedeque, Prince Edward Island|Bedeque]], [[Prince Edward Island]] in [[Canada]]. His father was John Pope (1791–1863), of [[Padstow]], [[Cornwall]], a merchant who became a missionary, who emigrated to [[Prince Edward Island]] in 1818, and Catherine Uglow (1797–1867), of [[Stratton, Cornwall|Stratton]], north [[Cornwall]]. The family moved to [[Nova Scotia]], St. Vincent's before returning to [[Plymouth]], [[England]] in 1826 where John Pope became a prosperous merchant and ship-owner.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Uglow Family History|url = http://www.kent.ac.uk/law/spu/Uglow/stratton.htm|website = www.kent.ac.uk|access-date = 2015-12-31}}</ref> George Uglow Pope's and his younger brother [[William Burt Pope]] studied at the Wesleyan schools in Bury and Hoxton and at the age of fourteen George joined missionary service in southern India.<ref name=odnb>{{Cite ODNB|url = http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35574|title = The Dictionary of National Biography - William Burt Pope|date =2004 |access-date =20 Oct 2016 |last =Frykenberg |first =Robert Eric|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/35572 }}</ref>

He left for [[South India]] in 1839 and arrived at [[Sawyerpuram]] near [[Thoothukudi|Tuticorin(now Thoothukudi)]] with the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel. Pope started studying Tamil as a teenager in England and during the voyage to [[British Raj|India]] and Pope later turned into a [[scholar]] of [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Sanskrit]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]]. In 1841 he was ordained by the [[Church of England]] and he married Mary Carver, daughter of another [[Anglican priest]]. Pope worked in the [[Tirunelveli district|Tirunelveli region]] where he also interacted with other missionaries like [[Christian Friedrich Schwarz|Christian Friedrich Schwartz]]. In 1845, Mary died at Tuticorin and Pope moved to [[Chennai|Madras(now Chennai)]]. He married Henrietta Page, daughter of G. van Someren and they left for England in 1849. During this period he worked with many figures in the Oxford Catholic movement including such as Cardinal [[Henry Edward Manning]], [[Richard Chenevix Trench|Archbishop Trench]], Bishop [[Samuel Wilberforce]], Bishop [[John Lonsdale]], [[Edward Bouverie Pusey|E. B. Pusey]], and [[John Keble]].<ref name=odnb />

Returning to [[Thanjavur|Tanjore (now Thanjavur)]] in 1851, teaching at St Peter's School, he found himself in conflict with other missionaries. In 1855, a Tamil priest Vedanayakam Shastri who was a disciple of Schwartz and a poet in the court of Maharaja Serfoji was flogged publicly resulting in a separation of Tamil church free of the Anglican church leading to the resignation of Pope. He founded a seminary at [[Sawyerpuram]] for training Anglican Tamil clergy but this too ran into trouble and he decided to move to [[Ooty|Ootacamund (now Ooty)]] in 1859. Here he founded a grammar school for European children (which ran from 1859 to 1870) which is now home to the Government Arts School and Stonehouse. The grammar school at Stonehouse [[cottage]] was opened by the Bishop of Madras on 2 July 1858 with Pope as Principal. The school moved elsewhere as the building was sold to the Trustees of the Lawrence Asylum in March 1859. Stonehouse cottage was then used to house the male asylum inmates and the Grammar school moved to new premises in Lovedale on 1 April 1869.<ref>{{cite book| author=Price, Frederick|title= Ootacamund. A History. |year=1908| publisher=Government Press|place= Madras |url=https://archive.org/stream/Ootacamund#page/n48/mode/1up|page=20}}</ref> He also founded [[Holy Trinity Church, Ooty|Holy Trinity Church]] in [[Ooty]].<ref name=odnb /> Pope was referred to with respect by the [[Tamils|Tamilians]].<ref>{{cite book|title= Castes and tribes of southern India. Volume I-A and B|author=Thurston, Edgar| year=1909| publisher=Government Press|page=19|url=https://archive.org/stream/castestribesofso01thuriala#page/18/mode/2up/}}</ref>

Pope became famous for his strictness and in 1870 he was made principal of Bishop Cotton Boys' School at [[Bangalore]].<ref name=odnb /> He was also the first pastor of the All Saints Church at Bangalore.<ref name=Aliyeh>{{cite news|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=Resident Rendezvoyeur: A natural state of grace|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/Columns/Others/Resident-Rendezvoyeur-A-natural-state-of-grace/articleshow/45671630.cms|access-date=29 December 2014|newspaper=[[Bangalore Mirror]]|date=29 December 2014}}</ref> In 1881, Pope left [[British Raj|India]] and settled in Oxford where he made a mark as a [[lecturer]] in Tamil and Telugu (1884). He received an [[Honorary degree|honorary]] MA in 1886 and a Gold Medal of the [[Royal Asiatic Society]] in 1906.<ref name=odnb />

He died on 11 February 1908. He delivered his last [[sermon]] on 26 May 1907. Pope was buried at [[St Sepulchre's Cemetery]], located in Jericho, central Oxford, England. After his death, his second wife, Henrietta, and two daughters received pension. Henrietta died on 11 September 1911 and is buried beside Pope. Three of their sons continued to work in India. John Van Someren Pope worked on education in Burma, Arthur William Uglow Pope served as a railway engineer in India and China; while [[Lieutenant colonel|Lieutenant-Colonel]] Thomas Henry served in the medical service as a professor of [[ophthalmology]] at the [[Madras Medical College]].<ref name=odnb />

==Contributions to Tamil studies==
Pope was along with [[Constanzo Beschi|Joseph Constantius Beschi]], [[Francis Whyte Ellis]], and Bishop [[Robert Caldwell]] one of the major scholars on Tamil. His first work was ''A Catechism of Tamil Grammar'' (1842). His most famous work is the translation of the ''[[Tirukkural]]'' which he completed on 1 September 1886. His ''Sacred Kural'' contains introduction, [[grammar]], [[translation]], notes, [[lexicon]] and [[Concordance (publishing)|concordance]]. It also includes the [[English language|English]] translation of F. W. Ellis and the [[Latin]] Translation of [[Constanzo Beschi]] with 436 pages. He had, by February 1893, translated ''[[Naaladiyaar]]'', a didactic work of moral sayings in quatrains, 400 in number in 40 chapters, each by a Jain ascetic, according to a Tamil tradition. His magnum opus, the translation of ''Tiruvachakam'' appeared in 1900. Of this he said: "I date this on my eightieth birthday. I find, by reference, that my first Tamil lesson was in 1837. This ends, as I suppose a long life of devotion to Tamil studies. It is not without deep emotion that I thus bring to a close my life's literary work". He dedication this last work to [[Benjamin Jowett]] who had been a friend while serving as chaplain at Balliol College (1888).

*''[[iarchive:firstlessonsinta00pope|First lessons in Tamil: or a full introduction to the common dialect of that language, on the plan of Ollendorf and Arnold]]'', Madras, 1856 (1st edition) - the next edition was published as:
*''[[iarchive:tamilhandbookorf00poperich|A Tamil hand-book: or full introduction to the common dialect of that language on the plan of Ollendorf and Arnold]]'', Madras, 1859 (2nd edition), 1867 (3rd edition)
*''A handbook of the ordinary dialect of the Tamil language'', London, 1883 (4th edition, 3 volumes - [[iarchive:ahandbookordina00popegoog|Part 4-dictionary]]), Oxford 1904 ([[iarchive:HandbookOfTamil|7th edition]])
*''[[iarchive:one-alphabet-for-all-india/|One alphabet for all India]]'' (1859)
*''A larger grammar of the Tamil language in both its dialects]'', Madras, 1858
*''[[iarchive:b30093910|Pope's second catechism of Tamil grammar]]'', 1858
*''[[iarchive:textbookofindian00popeuoft|A text-book of Indian history; with geographical notes, genealogical tables, examination questions, and chronological, biographical, geographical, and general indexes]]'', London, 1871 (1st edition), 1880 (3rd edition)
*[[iarchive:tiruvalluvanayan00tiruuoft|திருவள்ளுவர் அருளிச்செய்த திருக்குறள் (''Tiruvalluvar arulicceyta Tirrukkural''). ''The 'Sacred' Kurral of Tiruvalluva-Nayanar'']], London, 1886
*[[iarchive:munivararuliccey00poperich|முனிவர் அருளிச்செய்த நாலடியார் (''The Naladiyar, or, Four hundred quatrains in Tamil'')]], Oxford, 1893
*''[[iarchive:stjohnindeserta00popegoog|St. John in the Desert: an introduction and notes to Browning's 'a death in the desert']]'', Oxford, 1897
*''[[iarchive:tiruvacagamorsac00maniuoft|The Tiruvacagam; or, 'Sacred utterances' of the Tamil poet, saint, and sage Manikka-Vacagar: the Tamil text of the fifty-one poems, with English translation]]'', Oxford, 1900
*''[[iarchive:catalogueoftamil00brituoft|A catalogue of the Tamil books in the library of the British Museum, London]]'', 1909 (with L. D. Barnett)

==See also==
{{Portal|India|Tamils|Literature|Poetry}}
* [[Tirukkural]]
* [[Tirukkural translations]]
* [[Tirukkural translations into English]]
* [[List of translators into English]]
* [[Thiruvasagam]]
* [[Tamil Nadu]] / [[South India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-editorialfeatures/first-school-to-teach-english-to-indians/article2286548.ece St Peter's School Thanjavur]
*[http://www.stsepulchres.org.uk/burials/pope_george.html Page on Pope's grave in St Sepulchre's Cemetery, Oxford, with biography]
*[http://anglicanhistory.org/india/pope_aggression1853/ The Lutheran Aggression: A Letter to the Tranquebar Missionaries], by G.U. Pope (1853)
*[https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/Columns/Others/Resident-Rendezvoyeur-A-natural-state-of-grace/articleshow/45671630.cms Resident Rendezvoyeur: A natural state of grace by Aliyeh Rizvi]
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=George Uglow Pope |sopt=t}}
* {{librivox author | id=6821}}

{{Tirukkural}}
{{Tamil language}}
{{Protestant missions to India}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pope, George Uglow}}
[[Category:1820 births]]
[[Category:1908 deaths]]
[[Category:Anglican missionaries in India]]
[[Category:Linguists of Tamil]]
[[Category:Canadian Anglican missionaries]]
[[Category:British Anglican missionaries]]
[[Category:Tamil–English translators]]
[[Category:Translators of the Tirukkural into English]]
[[Category:19th-century Canadian translators]]
[[Category:Burials at St Sepulchre's Cemetery]]
[[Category:British missionaries in India]]
[[Category:Canadian missionaries in India]]
[[Category:Canadian missionary linguists]]

Putravati

2026-01-10T05:12:15Z

MHNNoella384131: cleaned up references further and cleaned formatting based on references

{{more citations needed|date=May 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}

{{Infobox film
| name = Putravati
| image = Putravati Marathi Movie.jpg
| alt = 
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Bhaskar Jadhav]]
| producer = M.B.Joshi
| writer = Sadanand Joshi
| screenplay =
| story =
| starring = [[Nilu Phule]] [[Asha Kale]] [[Sukanya Kulkarni]] Avinash Narkar
| music = [[Shridhar Phadke]]
| cinematography =
| editing =
| studio =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1996|04|19}}
| runtime = 2h 4min
| country = India
| language = Marathi
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Putravati''''' is a Marathi movie released on 19 April 1996. The movie was produced by M.B.Joshi and directed by Bhaskar Jadhav.

== Cast ==
* [[Nilu Phule]]
* [[Sukanya Kulkarni]]
* [[Asha Kale]]
* Avinash Narkar
*Madhu Apte
*Bal Dhuri
*Kalap Joshi

==Soundtrack==
The music was provided by Sridhar Phadke.

== Awards ==

=== [[Screen Awards|1996 Screen Awards]] ===

* Best Film - Putravati<ref>{{Cite web |date=2002-01-17 |title=8th Annual STAR SCREEN Weekly Awards |url=http://www.screenindia.com/screenawards/award96.html |access-date=2023-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020117185520/http://www.screenindia.com/screenawards/award96.html |archive-date=17 January 2002 }}</ref>
* Best Director - Bhaskar Jadhav
* Best Actress - Sukanya Kulkarni

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|2612160}}

[[Category:1996 films]]
[[Category:1990s Marathi-language films]]
[[Category:1996 Indian films]]

{{1990s-Marathi-film-stub}}

Swami Narayanananda

2026-01-06T16:05:03Z

MHNNoella384131: expand page after review for clarity

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| name = Swami Narayanananda
| image =
| caption =
| birth_name = Swami Narayanananda
| birth_date = 12 April 1902
| birth_place = Madikeri, [[Karnataka]], India
| death_date = 26 February 1988
| citizenship =
| founder =
| honors =
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
| occupation = Teacher of [[Vedanta]] philosophy

}}
'''Swami Narayanananda''' (12 April 1902 – 26 February 1988) was a teacher of [[Vedanta]] philosophy, and founder of a tradition called ''The Universal Religion''.

== Life and work ==
He was born in Kongana, B. Shettigeri, a village in Coorg, Karnataka state, [[South India]]. From an early age, he practised regular [[meditation]]. After finishing his studies, he renounced the world in 1929 and joined the [[Ramakrishna Mission]]. After a few years, he left for the Himalayas and practised intense meditation. In 1933, he attained the supreme state called [[nirvikalpa]] samadhi (superconscious state or [[nirvana]]). After that, he remained in seclusion for many years, studying the mind-functions and writing books. Especially after the [[partition of India]] in 1947, and seeing the atrocities there, his "heart melted, as it were", and he wrote some more books.

The books were published slowly, and spread also to the Western countries. He began to accept disciples. In Denmark, in particular, he had many disciples. In 1971, he went for the first time to Denmark, and continued to visit this country every year for 5–7 months until 1987. An ashrama (monastery) was established in Gylling, Denmark (Jutland, near Aarhus) which is the main centre today. Ashramas were also established in India, Sweden, Germany, Norway and the USA. The books were printed and published first in Rishikesh, India, and later printed and published at Narayana Press, Gylling, Denmark. Swami Narayanananda's works (or part of them) have been translated into many languages, particularly Danish and German. Some of them were translated into Tamil through his disciples Swami Nityananda and the late Swami Sadananda.

Swami Narayanananda died in Mysore, India, at the age of 85.

== Teachings ==
Swami Narayanananda called his teachings ''"The Universal Religion,"'' implying that they are dealing with Truth, irrespective of caste, creed, sex, nationality, race, etc. He gives guidance to spiritual seekers. He emphasizes the moral code of conduct as a basis for spiritual development, and puts particular stress on [[sexual sublimation]] implying [[brahmacharya]] – [[celibacy]] or (for married people and couples) moderation in sexual life, as a means to maintain and improve physical, mental and spiritual health. His works include among others the following subjects: philosophy, psychology, religion, spirituality, [[yoga]], [[meditation]] and [[Kundalini energy|kundalini]] shakti (the primal power in man).

== Bibliography ==
(with years of 1st editions)
# The Secrets of Mind-Control (1954)
# The Way to Peace, Power and Long Life (1945)
# The Primal Power in Man or The Kundalini Shakti (1950)
# The Ideal Life and Moksha (Freedom) (1951)
# Revelation (1951)
# The Mysteries of Man, Mind and Mind-Functions (1951)
# The Gist of Religions (1955)
# A Practical Guide to Samadhi (1957)
# Mind, Its Source and Culture (1958)
# The Secrets of Prana, Pranayama and Yoga-Asanas (1959)
# Brahmacharya, Its Necessity and Practice for Boys and Girls (1960)
# The End of Philosophy (1962)
# The Basis of Universal Religion (1963)
# Caste, Its Origin, Growth and Decay (1955)
# God and Man (1965)
# Sex-Sublimation (1955)
# A Word to Sadhaka (spiritual aspirant) (1955)
# Wisdom (1971)
# Your Birth-Right (1973)
# The Aim of Life (1974)
# The Universal Religion (1975)
# Your Hidden Treasures (1977)
# Brahman and the Universe (1978)
# Birthday Messages 1955-79 (1979)
# Questions and Answers (1979)
# The Essence of Life (1980)
# Religion and Philosophy (1980)
# Life Behind Death (1980)
# Within you (1981)
# India and the Rishis (1981)
# Brain, Mind and Consciousness (1982)
# Consciousness under Different States (1982)
# Reality Behind Life (1983)
# God or the Ocean of Consciousness by Itself or in Itself (1983)
# God, Kundalini Shakti and Mind (1984)
# Truth Eternal (1984)

The above volume numbers refer to the first edition of ''The Complete Works of Swami Narayanananda'' (1979–1984). The first 12 volumes are the "major works" whereas volume 13-36 are the "minor works" (small books).

A ''second'' edition of the ''Complete Works'' was published in 2001–2002 in 18 volumes. The minor works (volumes 13–36 above) have here been collected into three volumes (Minor Works I–III, vol. 13–15), and the following works are ''added:''

* Vol. 16: Birthday Messages, Poems and Consolations (Birthday Messages 1980–87 are here added, compared to the 1st ed. of ''Complete Works'')
* Vol. 17: Selected Articles 1933–1986
* Vol. 18: Autobiography of Swami Narayanananda (here in one volume – previously published separately in two illustrated and annotated volumes)<ref name=":0">{{cite book|last1=Narayanananda|first1=Swami|title=Autobiography of Swami Narayanananda. Part One (Childhood, Youth and Renunciation)|date=1990|publisher=N.U. Yoga Trust, Denmark|location=Denmark}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Narayanananda|first1=Swami|title=Autobiography of Swami Narayanananda. Part Two (Journeys in India 1936-41)|date=1990|publisher=N.U. Yoga Trust, Denmark|location=Denmark}}</ref>

== Film ==
''Yoga''. The Danish Film Museum. Hagen Hasselbalch, 1975, 83 min. https://www.danmarkpaafilm.dk/film/yoga

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Notes==
* Swami Narayanananda: ''Autobiography of Swami Narayanananda. Part One (Childhood, Youth and Renunciation).'' 2nd revised and enlarged edition, 1990. N. U. Yoga Trust, Denmark
* Swami Narayanananda: ''Autobiography of Swami Narayanananda. Part Two (Journeys in India 1936-41).'' 1st edition 1990. N. U. Yoga Trust, Denmark
* Swami Narayanananda: ''The Complete Works of Swami Narayanananda'', vol. 1-36, 1979-84. N. U. Yoga Trust, Denmark
* Swami Narayanananda: ''The Complete Works of Swami Narayanananda. Being the authorized, unedited scripture as given by the author'', vol. 1-18, 2001-2002. N. U. Yoga Trust, Denmark
* Swami Balakrishnananda: ''Yogic Depth Psychology. Introduction to Swami Narayanananda's Psychology.'' 1980. N. U. Yoga Trust & Ashrama, Denmark
* 4th rev. ed., 2025, of the above: https://www.scribd.com/document/829847087/Yogic-Depth-Psychology-4th-ed-2025-v4-01
* Swami Sagunananda: 'Swami Narayanananda's Authorship' (1-16). Articles published in ''Yoga. Magazine for the Universal Religion'', issues 1993-2000.
* Erling Petersen: ''Yoga, step by step: A source book of classical yoga exercises'', Amazon, 1986.
* Maribeth Gray (editor): ''Darshan with Swami Narayanananda'', Amazon, 2022. (Paperback and e-book).

{{Wikiquote}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Narayanananda, Swami}}
[[Category:1902 births]]
[[Category:1988 deaths]]
[[Category:Monks of the Ramakrishna Mission]]
[[Category:Indian Hindu spiritual teachers]]
[[Category:20th-century Hindu religious leaders]]
[[Category:People from Kodagu district]]
[[Category:Indian religious writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Hindu philosophers and theologians]]
[[Category:Kodava people]]

Bodhon (TV series)

2026-01-06T05:49:24Z

MHNNoella384131: Put Up Details

{{Short description|Indian Bengali social drama series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2025}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Bodhon poster.jpg
| caption = Release poster
| alt_name =
| genre = [[Drama (film and television)|Social Action Drama]]
| creator =
| developer =
| based_on = {{hlist|[[Rape]]|[[Gang rape]]}}
| writer = Sarbari Ghosal
| screenplay = Sarbari Ghosal
| director = Aditi Roy
| creative_director =
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Ditipriya Roy]]
* [[Sandipta Sen]]
}}
| judges =
| voices =
| narrator =
| theme_music_composer = Subhadeep Guha
| open_theme =
| end_theme =
| composer = Subhadeep Guha
| country = India
| language = Bengali
| num_seasons = 2
| num_episodes = 14
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer = Siddhant Sheth
| producer = Mahendra Soni
| editor = Subhajit Singha
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| cinematography =
| camera = [[Single-camera]]
| runtime = 19–28 Minutes
| company = [[Shree Venkatesh Films]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|2022||}}
| last_aired = present
| related =
}}

'''''Bodhon''''' is an Indian Bengali [[Drama (film and television)|social action drama]] web series streaming on "Hoichoi".<ref>{{cite news |title=The trailer of the social thriller Bodhon 2 focuses on a dark world on the outskirts of Bengal |url=https://t2online.in/screen/bengali/the-trailer-of-the-social-thriller-bodhon-2-focuses-on-a-dark-world-on-the-outskirts-of-bengal/663753 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|t2 Online]] |date=30 November 2023}}</ref> Directed by Aditi Roy in her directorial debut and written by [[Sarbari]] Ghosal, the series has been produced by [[Shree Venkatesh Films]]. The series stars [[Sandipta Sen]] and [[Ditipriya Roy]] in the lead roles, while [[Koushik Roy]], [[Chandreyee Ghosh]], Kaushik Chattopadhyay and [[Indrasish Roy]] play other pivotal roles.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Arindam |title=Bodhon wins hearts |url=https://t2online.in/screen/bengali/bodhon-wins-hearts/152628 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|t2 Online]] |date=21 October 2022}}</ref>

Ditipriya Roy plays the role of a rape victim and Sandipta Sen plays the role of her college professor, who instigates her to not hush up the matter in fear of social stigma and instead, take the matter to the court to ensure that the rapists are subjected to stringent punishment.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chakraborty |first1=Shamayita |title=Sandipta Sen and Aditi Roy collaborate for another Hoichoi series after Bodhon |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/exclusive-sandipta-sen-and-aditi-roy-collaborate-for-another-hoichoi-series-after-bodhon/6c1ac75f2f244 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[HT Media|OTTplay]] |date=28 February 2023 |quote=With Sandipta Sen and Ditipriya Roy in lead, the series delves into the ordeal of a young student who was raped. Sandipta plays the part of her teacher who stands by her rights despite social and political pressure.}}</ref> ''Bodhon'' marked the second collaboration between Sandipta Sen and Ditipriya Roy, 13 years after the TV series ''[[Durga (TV series)|Durga]]''. Two seasons of the series has been streaming till date on the Bengali OTT platform "Hoichoi".<ref>{{cite news |title=Bodhon streams on Hoichoi this Puja |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/bodhon-streams-on-hoichoi-this-puja-sandipta-sen-and-ditipriya-roy-actors-director-aditi-roy/cid/1885479 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=9 September 2022}}</ref>

== Overview ==
In the first season, Raka Sen returns to her graduation college in [[Kolkata]] as a professor. One day, she gets shocked to know that a second year student from her college, Shinjini, has been brutality raped by her friend's male peers while returning from a birthday party. In a society which quickly blames the woman, Raka comes forward as Shinjini's only support. Despite initial reluctance from Shinjini and her mother in fear of social shame, she instigated her to file a police complaint against her rapists. The rest of the story shows how Raka stands beside Shinjini during the whole procedure of her mental trauma and legal battle against the rapists who belong from influential families; protecting her from the victim blaming.

In the second season, Raka Sen goes to a rural village Ipilpur with her boyfriend turned husband Riju Ganguly for their honeymoon cum Riju's work. Within a few days, he realises that social injustice is deeply rooted in that apparently beautiful village and malpractices against women including child marriage, women trafficking and rape are prevalent. The region is controlled by a powerful local gang whose nexus operates the crimes against woman. It is led by Sukhen Chowdhury, who is the son of the treacherous local politician Satyaprakash Chowdhury. In an attempt to stop these inhuman crimes, Raka fights against the nexus but herself becomes a victim. The story further depicts Raka's resilience and determination to bring a down a corrupt force and lend justice to the victims of heinous social malpractices.

== Cast ==
Source:<ref name="t23"/>
{{cast listing|
* [[Sandipta Sen]] as Raka Sen
* [[Ditipriya Roy]] as Shinjini Mukherjee
* Pushpita Mukherjee as Shinjini's mother
* [[Chandreyee Ghosh]] as the public prosecutor
* Kaushik Chattopadhyay as the defence attorney
* [[Koushik Roy]] as Riju Ganguly, Raka's boyfriend turned husband
* [[Honey Bafna]] as Som, Shinjini's love interest
* Loknath Dey as Satyaprakash Chowdhury, a politician in Ipilpur
* [[Indrasish Roy]] as Sukhen Chowdhury, Satyaprakash's son
* Debojyoti Roy Chowdhury as Budhuya, Sukhen's associate
* Sampurnaa Mandal
* Soume Chatterjee
* Debdutta Raha
* Saptarshi Roy
}}

== Episodes ==
{{Series overview
| color1 = #000000
| link1 = Bodhon (TV series)#Season 1 (2022)
| episodes1 = 8
| released1 = {{Start date|2022|09|30|df=yes}}
| color2 = #383554
| link2 = Bodhon (TV series)#Season 2 (2023)
| episodes2 = 6
| released2 = {{Start date|2023|12|22|df=yes}}
}}

=== Season 1 (2022) ===
{{Episode table |background=#b30b0a |overall=5 |title=22 |director=20 |writer=20 |airdate=18 |episodes={{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 1
|Title = Breaking New
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2022|09|30}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 2
|Title = New Town Rape Victim
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2022|09|30}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 3
|Title = Shut Up Shinjini
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2022|09|30}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 4
|Title = Face To Face
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2022|09|30}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 5
|Title = Ordinary Woman
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2022|09|30}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 6
|Title = Guilty or Not Guilty
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2022|09|30}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 7
|Title = Yes or No
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2022|09|30}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 8
|Title = The Awakening
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2022|09|30}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
}}

=== Season 2 (2023) ===
{{Episode table |background=#b30b0a |overall=5 |title=22 |director=20 |writer=20 |airdate=18 |episodes={{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 1
|Title = Ipilpur
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2023|12|22}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 2
|Title = Ami Daini Noi
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2023|12|22}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 3
|Title = Bhoy
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2023|12|22}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 4
|Title = Palachhe
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2023|12|22}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 5
|Title = Jeebon-Mrityu
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2023|12|22}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 6
|Title = Ordi-NARI Woman
|DirectedBy = Aditi Roy
|WrittenBy = Sarbari Ghosal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2023|12|22}}
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = b30b0a
}}
}}

== Production ==
=== Announcement and development ===
The first look posters of the lead characters [[Sandipta Sen]] and [[Ditipriya Roy]] were released in the first week of August.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bodhon: এবার ওয়েব সিরিজে একসঙ্গে দিতিপ্রিয়া-সন্দীপ্তা, 'বোধন' পুজোর সময় |url=https://bengali.abplive.com/entertainment/bodhon-sandipta-sen-and-ditipriya-roy-to-star-in-hoichoi-s-upcoming-puja-release-bodhon-catch-a-glimpse-of-their-intriguing-first-look-909146 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[ABP Ananda]] |date=5 August 2022 |language=bn}}</ref> Ditipriya Roy mentioned in an interview that she agreed to the role offered to her, after she was narrated the script for the first time.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sandipta Sen, Ditipriya Roy to star in series 'Bodhon' |url=https://www.punjabnewsexpress.com/entertainment/news/sandipta-sen-ditipriya-roy-to-star-in-series-bodhon-177254 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=Punjab News Express |date=9 August 2022}}</ref>

Sandipta Sen revealed in an interview that ''Bodhon 2'' was not planned initially. Although not a direct sequel, the makers decided to make a spiritual sequel of ''Bodhon'', after huge success of the first season. The characters of Sandipta and Indrasish were kept same from the first season, and Indrasish has become her husband from being her boyfriend in the first season. The rest of the script was new.<ref name="t2">{{cite news |title=The Hoichoi series Bodhon 2 is a testament to Raka Sen's strength and sense of justice |url=https://t2online.in/screen/bengali/the-hoichoi-series-bodhon2-is-a-testament-to-raka-sen-s-strength-and-sense-of-justice/538469 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|t2 Online]] |date=25 August 2023}}</ref><ref name="t22">{{cite news |last1=Roy |first1=Piya |title=Sandipta Sen talks about her marriage, new year plans and the Hoichoi series Bodhon |url=https://t2online.in/screen/bengali/sandipta-sen-talks-about-her-marriage-new-year-plans-and-the-hoichoi-series-bodhon/698198 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|t2 Online]] |date=25 December 2023}}</ref>

=== Pre production ===
{{Blockquote
| quote = We developed a unique bonding ever since day one of my first project with her. We understand each other very well and I think that is very important between a director and an actor — for me, to know what she wants and for her, to assess what I will be able to do. It has always been easy to work with her because she has a very clear vision of what she wants and communicates it clearly.
| author = [[Sandipta Sen]]
| source = during an interview with [[The Telegraph (India)|t2 Online]]<ref name="t22"/>}}

[[Ditipriya Roy]] mentioned in an interview that she became busy with another project after signing ''Bodhon''. To understand and fit into the psyche of a rape victim, she read multiple books about rape victims to understand their trauma, like ''Know My Name'' by Channel Miller. She also watched four to five films which deals with sexual violence against women.<ref name="t23">{{cite news |last1=Roy |first1=Piya |title=Sandipta Sen and Ditipriya Roy on Bodhon, their respective roles and what it means to them |url=https://t2online.in/screen/bengali/sandipta-sen-and-ditipriya-roy-on-bodhon-their-respective-roles-and-what-it-means-to-them/141628 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|t2 Online]] |date=13 October 2022}}</ref>

=== Filming ===
{{Quote box
| quote = "I remember while filming a scene for Bodhon in the dead of the night, some actors crucial to the scene were accidentally asked to pack off and leave before it got filmed. There was no way we could get them back that night but I had to finish the shoot. We managed that by changing the lensing of the camera."
| source = — Aditi Roy, sharing an anecdote from the shooting of ''Bodhon 2''<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghoshal |first1=Sharmistha |title=Aditi, Samragnee and Sandipta on Noshtoneer |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/cinema/2023/Jun/08/aditi-samragnee-and-sandipta-on-noshtoneer-49732.html |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The New Indian Express|Indulge Express]] |date=9 June 2023}}</ref>
| align = right
| width = 39%
}}

Major parts of the second season was filmed at a remote village in [[Jharkhand]], where there was neither mobile network nor electricity was available.<ref name="t22"/> Sandipta Sen mentioned in an interview with ''[[The New Indian Express|Indulge Express]]'' that no network availability lead the cast and crew to spend more time among themselves instead of being stuck to their smartphones. She also told that the first brief which she got from Aditi Roy for ''Bodhon 2'' was that she would need to hone her driving skills. Along with Indrasish, she performed all the action and fight sequences, without using a [[body double]]. The fighting scenes were improvised since they didn't have any fight master.<ref name="t2"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sen |first1=Subhadrika |title=Indulge chats with Sandipta Sen on her upcoming series Bodhon 2 |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/tv/2023/Dec/07/indulge-chats-with-sandipta-sen-on-her-upcoming-series-bodhon-2-55732.html |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The New Indian Express|Indulge Express]] |date=7 December 2023}}</ref>

Sandipta shared her experience during the shooting, where she had to drive a car through narrow and muddy stretches of road during the chase sequences, where a single wrong turn could end her car into the adjoining ditches. In an interview with ''[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]]'', she revealed that she was not a regular driver and ''Bodhon 2'' was her first time driving on screen. She mentioned how different camera equipment were attached to the car and she had to be cautious about them all the time while driving, specially during the chase sequences.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Das |first1=Soujannya |title=Bodhon actor Sandipta Sen: 'I've taken a break from mega serials to do experimental work' |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/bodhon-actor-sandipta-sen-ive-taken-a-break-from-mega-serials-to-do-experimental-work/cid/1991784 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=5 January 2024}}</ref>

== Release ==
The first season of ''Bodhon'' was streamed on 30 September 2022 on the Bengali OTT platform "Hoichoi".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dutta |first1=Elina |title="চেঁচিয়ে না বললে অনেকেই মেয়েদের কথা শুনতে পান না", পর্দায় একত্রে বোধন সন্দীপ্তা-দিতিপ্রিয়ার |url=https://eisamay.com/photo-gallery/news/hoichoi-new-movie-sandipta-sen-and-ditipriya-roy-starar-bodhon-tailor-release/94458384.cms |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[Ei Samay]] |date=26 September 2022 |language=bn}}</ref> The second season ''Bodhon 2'' was streamed on 26 December 2023 on "Hoichoi".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Das |first1=Soujannya |title=Bodhon 2: Sandipta Sen will be in action mode in the Hoichoi series returning in October |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/bodhon-2-sandipta-sen-will-be-in-action-mode-in-the-hoichoi-series-returning-in-october/cid/1961470 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=25 August 2023}}</ref>

== Marketing ==
The trailer of first season of ''Bodhon'' was released on 25 September 2022.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Majumder |first1=Suparna |title=দুষ্টের দমন শিষ্টের পালনে দিতিপ্রিয়া-সন্দীপ্তা, দেখুন নতুন ওয়েব সিরিজ 'বোধন'-এর ট্রেলার |url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/entertainment/cinema/sandipta-sen-ditipriya-roy-starrer-bodhon-series-trailer-is-out/ |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[Sangbad Pratidin]] |date=25 September 2022 |language=bn}}</ref> The trailer of the second season ''Bodhon 2'' was released on 27 November 2023.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mitra |first1=Pooja |title=Sandipta Sen leaves a mark in 'Bodhan 2' trailer |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/try-this/watch/watch-the-trailer-of-bodhon-2-starring-sandipta-sen-koushik-roy-indrasish-roy-on-hoichoi/cid/1983468 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=30 November 2023}}</ref>

== Reception ==
=== Critical reception ===
==== Season 1 ====
Poorna Banerjee of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the series 3/5 stars and wrote "The series from the very beginning leaves one with discomfort – not just about the situation, but also the way the story moves forward." She praised Ditipriya Roy's performance as Shinjini and Chandreyee Ghosh's performance as Shinjini's lawyer but criticised the lack of a solid backstory for most of the characters, the excessive backstory for Raka, lack of strong dialogues and the weak screenplay.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Banerjee |first1=Poorna |title=Bodhon Season 1 Review : A series with good performances but lacking impact |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/bengali/bodhon/bodhon-season-1/seasonreview/94684757.cms |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[Times of India]] |date=6 October 2022}}{{rating|3|5}}</ref> Vedant Karia of ''[[The Telegraph (India)|My Kolkata]]'' reviewed the series and highlighted "With eight episodes of sleek production, [[Great Performances|great performances]] and tight writing, Bodhon is definitely worth a watch."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Karia |first1=Vedant |title=This Hoichoi original mirrors society's treatment of abuse survivors |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/try-this/watch/hoichoi-original-bodhon-examines-the-challenges-faced-by-rape-survivors/cid/1890195 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|My Kolkata]] |date=4 October 2022}}</ref>

Agnivo Niyogi of ''[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]]'' reviewed the series and opined "The girl’s scarred face after the assault, her mother’s pain, discomfort and shame, and Raka’s stubbornness to carry on with the fight produce a fertile ground for the director to strike gold. But Roy falls back on stereotypes to tell the story." He praised Sandipta Sen and Chandreyee Ghosh's performances but bemoaned the melodramatic screenplay, episodes ending in cliffhanger, the non-impactful twist, weak dialogues, Ditipriya's not-so-well acting and the hastily etched characters.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Niyogi |first1=Agnivo |title=Hoichoi web series Bodhon takes the oft-treaded path to tell an important story |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/hoichoi-web-series-bodhon-takes-the-oft-treaded-path-to-tell-an-important-story/cid/1891545 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=12 October 2022}}</ref>

Shamayita Chakraborty of ''[[HT Media|OTTplay]]'' rated the series 2.5/5 stars and noted "''Bodhon'' chooses a sensitive issue of rape, the post-rape socio-legal battle of the woman, the insensitivity across society, and [[post-traumatic stress disorder]] of the protagonist. But finally, it fails to present a wholesome drama because of its careless making." She praised Ditipriya's acting and the courtroom drama but criticised the one dimensional build-up of the characters, the cliched and dull character portrayals, the over simplified narration, the not intensifying crises and the shoddy dialogues.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chakraborty |first1=Shamayita |title=Bodhon review: Sandipta, Ditipriya, and a burning issue fail to save the series from gaping lacuna, lack of care |url=https://www.ottplay.com/review/bodhon-review-sandipta-ditipriya-and-a-burning-issue-fail-to-save-the-series-from-gaping-lacuna-lack-of-care/1906ca2509267 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[HT Media|OTTplay]] |date=2 October 2022}}{{rating|2.5|5}}</ref>

Archi Sengupta of ''Leisure Byte'' rated the series 2.5/5 stars and opined "Bodhon is a weirdly unfinished and rushed series that is a bit too similar to Sampurna is different ways. It doesn’t do anything new and repeats the same points that we have previously witnessed in other forms of media, just without a satisfying conclusion." She applauded the series for bringing up the issue of rape and its subsequent victim blaming in the society, Chandreyee and Sampurna and Ditipriya's performances but bemoaned Raka's character sketch, the comically bad painting of the rapists, the rushed flow in the story and the cliffhanger at the end.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sengupta |first1=Archi |title=Bodhon (2022) Review: A Stale Tale of a Heartbreaking Incident |url=https://www.leisurebyte.com/bodhon-2022-review-sandipta-sen/ |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=Leisure Byte |date=30 September 2022}}{{rating|2.5|5}}</ref>

Biswadip Dey of ''[[Sangbad Pratidin]]'' reviewed the series and wrote "Bodhon progresses as a mega serial. If the goal is to complete and serve a project quickly, this is bound to happen. It doesn't touch the audience either in the story or in the acting department. Initially, the suspense was starting to get in, but as the story progresses, it becomes evident that it will follow the stereotypical path." He praised Sandipta Sen and Chandreyee Ghosh's performances but criticised multiple aspects including the absence of a twist towards the end, hurriedly written characters, weak storyline, the illogical death, Ditipriya Roy's weak portrayal of a rape victim and the negligible rape case coverage by media, as portrayed in the series.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dey |first1=Biswadip |title=Bodhon Web Series Review : জমল না 'বোধন', দুর্বল চিত্রনাট্যে ভরাডুবি 'হইচই'-এর নতুন ওয়েব সিরিজের |url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/entertainment/film-review/review-of-sandipta-sen-ditipriya-roy-starrer-web-series-bodhon/ |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[Sangbad Pratidin]] |date=2 October 2022 |language=bn}}</ref>

==== Season 2 ====
Poorna Banerjee of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the series 3.5/5 and highlighted "Bodhon 2 grips one from the very beginning and keeps them involved, through all the doom and gloom, to the very end. The best part is, it can be watched independently, even if one hasn’t seen the first season, as it stands on its own." She praised Sandipta's performance, her exchange with Indrasish, Indrasish's ruthless portrayal of the villain, the music and background score, and the well shot chase sequences but bemoaned Sandipta's weak rapport with her husband and the lack of space for comedy.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Banerjee |first1=Poorna |title=Bodhon Season 2 Review : A dark, gripping drama about human trafficking |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/bengali/bodhon/season-2/seasonreview/106236034.cms |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[Times of India]] |date=24 December 2023}}{{rating|3.5|5}}</ref>

Shamayita Chakraborty of ''[[HT Media|OTTplay]]'' rated the series 3/5 stars and worded it "Bodhon 2 is definitely a step up from the first season. While it is a cliched social drama that deals with the problems simplistically, the tight script, beautiful location, and Indrasish keep us hooked." She praised the grim and convincing storyline, interesting character sketches, focus on multiple issues, better storytelling than the first season, performance of the new cast in the second season and the picturesque locations but bemoaned the over-the-top dramatisation, the weak chemistry between Riju and Raka and the simplistic approach to address the concerns.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chakraborty |first1=Shamayita |title=Bodhon 2 review: Indrasish Roy and Sandipta Sen's social drama is gripping |url=https://www.ottplay.com/review/bodhon-2-review-indrasish-roy-and-sandipta-sens-social-drama-is-gripping/81bb573602775 |access-date=24 September 2025 |work=[[HT Media|OTTplay]] |date=22 December 2023}}{{rating|3|5}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|22054146}}
*[https://www.hoichoi.tv/shows/watch-bodhon-bengali-web-series-online Bodhon] on Hoichoi
*[https://www.primevideo.com/detail/Bodhon/0GG93OBA4KZGZNRD4HGB0PQV5A Bodhon] on [[Amazon Prime Video]]

[[Category:Bengali-language web series]]
[[Category:Indian crime television series]]
[[Category:Indian drama web series]]
[[Category:Indian web series]]
[[Category:Hoichoi original programming]]
[[Category:Crime web series]]
[[Category:Drama web series]]
[[Category:Thriller web series]]
[[Category:2020s Indian television series]]

Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath

2026-01-06T03:30:04Z

MHNNoella384131: made new page

{{Short description|Marathi TV show}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox television
| image = MTR image.jpeg
| runtime = 22 minutes
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-Camera]]
| last_aired = {{end date|2023|1|22|df=y}}
| first_aired = {{start date|2021|8|23|df=y}}
| network = [[Zee Marathi]]
| num_episodes = 458
| language = Marathi
| num_seasons =
| company = Creative Minds Production
| editor =
| theme_music_composer =
| opentheme =
| endtheme =
| writer = Sankarshan Karhade
| producer =
| country = India
| director = Ajay Mayekar
| starring = [[#Cast|See below]]
| genre = [[Drama]] [[Romance film|Romance]]
| caption =
}}

'''''Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath''''' ({{translation|Mine & Your Silk Knot}}) is an Indian [[Marathi language]] television series which aired on [[Zee Marathi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-will-pari-accept-the-new-father-simmi-and-meenakshi-mess-with-yash-neha-1040812|title=परी नव्या बाबाचा स्वीकार करणार? यश नेहाच्या नात्यात सिम्मी-मिनाक्षीची लुडबुड|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=12 March 2022 |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-neha-to-go-to-london-yash-and-chaudhary-family-will-take-care-of-the-fairy-1057139|title=नेहा जाणार लंडनला; यश आणि चौधरी कुटुंब घेणार परीची काळजी|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=7 May 2022 |language=mr}}</ref> It premiered from 23 August 2021 by replacing ''[[Aggabai Sunbai]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/bollywood/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-marathi-serial-success-will-leave-the-palace-will-grandpa-mind-be-blown-away-by-reading-the-pari-letter-1064903|title=यश जाणार पॅलेस सोडून चाळीत राहायला; परीचं पत्र वाचून आजोबांच्या मनाला फुटणार का पाझर?|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=31 May 2022 |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-marathi-serial-simmi-kaku-will-make-a-new-plan-against-bandu-kaka-the-distance-between-yash-and-neha-will-come-1054966|title=सिम्मी काकू बंडू काकांविरोधात करणार नवा प्लॅन; यश-नेहाच्या नात्यात येणार दुरावा|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=30 April 2022 |language=mr}}</ref> It is directed by Ajay Mayekar and written by Sankarshan Karhade under the banner of Creative Minds Production.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-marathi-serial-new-beginning-start-of-yash-pari-relationship-1048688|title=यश-परीच्या नात्याची नवी सुरुवात, नेहाच्या गैरहजेरीत घेणार आईसारखी काळजी|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=8 April 2022 |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/in-the-serial-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-neha-will-advise-yash-to-stay-away-from-fairies-1041994|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ' मालिकेत नेहा यशला देणार परीपासून दूर राहण्याचा सल्ला|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=16 March 2022 |language=mr}}</ref> It starred [[Prarthana Behere]], Myra Vaikul and [[Shreyas Talpade]] in lead roles.<ref>{{Cite web|title=यश आणि नेहाचं लग्न थाटामाटात होणार! सिल्व्हासामध्ये शूटिंग होणार|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/mazi-tuzi-reshimgath-serial-updates-neha-yash-grand-wedding-at-silvassa/articleshow/91854008.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Shreyas Talpade and Prarthana Behere team up for a Marathi show - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/shreyas-talpade-and-prarthana-bahere-team-up-together-for-a-marathi-show/articleshow/84442897.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=28 July 2021 }}</ref>

== Synopsis ==
Neha Kamat, a [[single mother]], lives in a [[chawl]] with her 5-year-old daughter, Pari, who suffers from [[diabetes]] and has to daily take an injection of [[insulin]]. Neha's ex-husband had abandoned her even before the birth of Pari and she takes care of her daughter single-handedly since then. During Neha's working hours, Pari is taken care of by their kind-hearted neighbours, Bandopant and Aruna Naik, who are also known as Bandu Kaka and Kaku, respectively, and are a senior citizen couple. Yashwardhan Chaudhari, who is also known as Yash, is a wealthy, orphaned businessman based in [[Dubai]], [[United Arab Emirates]], who arrives in India to manage his [[family business]] under the supervision of his elderly grandfather, Jagannath Chaudhari, who is also known as Aajoba.

During his visit to [[Mumbai]], Yash meets Neha and falls in [[love at first sight]] with her. He learns that Neha is working in his own company and decides to not reveal his identity to her. Yash instructs his childhood friend, Sameer, to act as the employer in his company, while he himself acts as his assistant in front of everyone. During this pretense, Yash befriends Neha in the office and finds out about her struggle with a middle-class life. Thus, Yash comes to Neha's aid every time and also befriends Pari in the process, while Neha is forced by her estranged brother's wife, Meenakshi, to get remarried with a [[fraud]] lawyer, [[Advocate]] Rajan Paranjape.

== Cast ==
=== Main ===
* [[Shreyas Talpade]] as Yashwardhan Chaudhari: Jagannath's grandson; Pushkaraj's cousin; Neha's second husband; Pari's step-father; Sameer's best friend<ref>{{Cite news|title=Shreyas Talpade all excited about his Marathi show Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath; says 'Happy to be back home' - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/shreyas-talpade-all-excited-about-his-marathi-show-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-says-happy-to-be-back-home/articleshow/84825141.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* [[Prarthana Behere]] as Neha Kamat Chaudhari / Anushka Mehta: Sameer's foster sister; Avinash's ex-wife; Yash's wife; Pari's mother; Shefali's best friend<ref>{{Cite news|title=Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath's new teaser featuring Shreyas Talpade and Prarthana Behere is all about emotion - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/majhi-tujhi-reshimgaths-new-teaser-featuring-shreyas-talpade-and-prarthana-behere-is-all-about-emotion/articleshow/85097175.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=6 August 2021 }}</ref>
* Myra Vaikul as Pari Kamat Chaudhari: Neha and Avinash's daughter; Yash's step-daughter<ref>{{Cite web|title=तो बाहुला अन् ती बाहुली, जुळतील का दोघांच्या रेशीमगाठी? पाहा नव्या मालिकेचं नवं शीर्षक गीत|url=https://www.tv9marathi.com/entertainment/television/shreyas-talpade-and-prarthana-behere-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-new-serial-on-zee-marathi-title-song-first-look-519413.html|access-date=2023-06-26|website=TV9 Marathi|date=21 August 2021 |language=mr}}</ref>

=== Recurring ===
* Sankarshan Karhade as Sameer: Sujata's brother; Neha's foster brother; Yash's best friend; Shefali's love interest<ref>{{Cite web|title=कोण आहे परीचा खरा बाबा? 'माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ' मालिकेत नवीन एण्ट्री|url=https://www.tv9marathi.com/entertainment/television/new-character-entry-in-mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgaath-who-is-paris-father-au163-740319.html|access-date=2023-06-26|website=TV9 Marathi|date=21 June 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Kajal Kate as Shefali: Mohini's daughter; Neha's best friend; Sameer's love interest<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shreyas Talpade's Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath Trolled For Playing Hindi Song|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/shreyas-talpades-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-trolled-for-playing-hindi-song-5385463.html|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[News18]]|date=16 June 2022 }}</ref>
* [[Mohan Joshi]] / Pradeep Welankar as Jagannath "Jaggu" Chaudhari: Satyajeet and Vishwajeet's father; Yash and Pushkaraj's grandfather; Pari's step-great-grandfather<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/veteran-actor-mohan-joshi-bids-adieu-to-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-pradeep-welankar-set-to-replace-him/articleshow/90351374.cms|title=Veteran actor Mohan Joshi bids adieu to Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath; Pradeep Welankar set to replace him - Times of India|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* Atul Mahajan as Satyajeet Chaudhari: Jagannath's elder son; Vishwajeet's brother; Seema's husband; Pushkaraj's father<ref>{{Cite web|title=यशच्या घरात होणार नेहाचा गृहप्रवेश; पण शेफालीमुळे पुन्हा या जोडीत येणार दुरावा?|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/marathi-tv-serial-mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgaath-yash-and-neha-shefali-friendship-a734/|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Lokmat]]|date=25 January 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Sheetal Kshirsagar as Seema "Simmi" Chaudhari: Satyajeet's wife; Pushkaraj's mother<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ'मध्ये नव्या पात्राची एंट्री, नेहा-यशमध्ये येणार का दुरावा?|url=https://zeenews.india.com/marathi/entertainment/mazi-tuzi-reshimgath-new-entry-in-serial-on-zee-marathi/606838|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Zee 24 Taas]]|date=15 February 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Ved Ambre as Pushkaraj "Pikuchu" Chaudhari: Seema and Satyajeet's son; Yash's cousin<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loksatta.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/2583131/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-myra-vaikul-shreyas-talpade-prarthana-behere-sankarshan-karhade-fees-for-one-episode-scsg-91/|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ'च्या कलाकारांचं मानधन माहितीय का?; 'कमवतो किती?' विचारणारी मायरा एका भागासाठी किती रुपये घेते?|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* [[Anand Kale]] as Vishwajeet Chaudhari: Jagannath's younger son; Satyajeet's brother; Mithila's husband<ref>{{Cite web|title=भर पावसात यश आणि नेहाचा रोमान्स? पाहा कसा शूट होतोय सीन|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/mazi-tuzi-reshimgath-yash-as-shreyas-talpade-neha-as-prarthana-behre-romantic-scene-rain/articleshow/92916194.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* Swati Pansare as Mithila Chaudhari: Vishwajeet's wife<ref>{{Cite web|title=सिम्मीचा खरा चेहरा येणार नेहासमोर, यशसाठी घेणार मोठा निर्णय|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-marathi-actress-prarthana-behere-knows-truth-shreyas-talpade-aunty/articleshow/92980161.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* Nikhil Rajeshirke as Avinash Nayak: Neha's ex-husband; Pari's father<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ' मालिकेत निखिल राजेशिर्के साकारणार नेहाच्या पहिल्या नवऱ्याची भूमिका|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-marathi-serial-nikhil-rajeshirke-to-play-neha-first-husband-role-1070980|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=18 June 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Swati Deval as Meenakshi Kamat: Neha's sister-in-law<ref>{{Cite web|title=नेहा आणि तिचा पहिला नवरा आमने सामने, व्हिडिओ झाला व्हायरल|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/television-news/shreyas-talpade-serial-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-prarthana-behere-as-neha-meets-her-ex-husband/articleshow/92360518.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* Manasi Magikar as Aruna Naik: Bandopant's wife; Neha's neighbour and mother-figure<ref>{{Cite web|title=नेहानं दिली यशला खास स्वीट डिश! पाहून तुम्हीही म्हणाल 'अशीच बायको हवी'|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-episode-update-neha-yash-neyash-romantic-track-viral-on-social-media-mhgm-724792.html|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|date=29 June 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Ajit Kelkar as Bandopant "Bandu Kaka" Naik: Aruna's husband; Neha's neighbour and father-figure<ref>{{Cite web|title=परी समजून भलत्याच मुलीला घरी घेऊन आले बंडू काका, पोलिसांनी केली अटक|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgath-upcoming-episode-bandu-kaka-brought-another-girl-home-thinking-that-she-was-pari-mhjb-695314.html|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|date=26 April 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Gauri Kendre as Mohini: Shefali's mother<ref>{{Cite web|title=नेहाला परत आणण्यासाठी एकवटलं चौधरी कुटुंब, लढवली अनोखी शक्कल|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgaath-shreyas-talpade-prarthana-behere-chaudhari-family-brings-neha-back/articleshow/91287261.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* Chaitanya Chandratre as Rajan Paranjape: Advocate; Neha's groom<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ'मधील 'परांजपे'बद्दल ही गोष्ट तुम्हाला माहित आहे का? वाचून कराल कौतुक|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/know-about-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-actor-chaitanya-chandratre-a590/|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Lokmat]]|date=9 September 2021 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Sanika Banaraswale-Joshi as Charulata<ref>{{Cite web|title=चौधरींच्या कंपनीसाठी नेहाने मिळवलं १०० कोटींचं डील, यामुळे होणार पहिल्या नवऱ्याची भेट|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgaath-neha-chaudhary-cracks-100-crore-deal-after-that-she-might-have-to-face-her-ex-husband/articleshow/92465655.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* Jane Kataria as Jessica<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/russian-actress-jane-kataria-to-join-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-details-inside/articleshow/89594140.cms|title=Russian actress Jane Kataria to join 'Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath'; details inside - Times of India|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* Dinesh Kanade as Mr. Ghartonde<ref>{{Cite web|title=अखेर नेहा सोडून जाणार तिचं घर; यश करु शकेल का तिची मदत?|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgaath-eventually-neha-will-leave-her-home-yash-help-her-a734/|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Lokmat]]|date=19 January 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Varsha Ghatpande as Anuradha Karnik<ref>{{Cite web|title=सिम्मीने केला परीच्या जीवाशी खेळ, लेकीच्या काळजीपोटी नेहा लंडनवरून तडकाफडकी परतणार|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/mazi-tuzi-reshimgathi-neha-to-return-from-london-a592/|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Lokmat]]|date=19 May 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Charuta Supekar as Preeti<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/new-twist-in-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-serial-will-avinash-cheat-neha-again-by-lying-1083226|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ' मालिकेत नवा ट्विस्ट; अविनाश खोटं बोलून पुन्हा नेहाला फसवणार?|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=25 July 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Krishna Mahadik as Ojas<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-marathi-serial-in-the-end-yash-will-tell-his-grandfather-the-truth-that-neha-is-the-mother-of-the-pari-1063001|title=अखेर यश आजोबांना सांगणार नेहाच परीची आई असल्याचं सत्य|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=25 May 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Pranali Ovhal as Guddi<ref>{{Cite web|title=नेहा आणि यशमधील अंतर वाढणार; परांजपे वकिलांमुळे निर्माण होणार गैरसमज|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/marathi-serial-majhi-tujhi-reshimgathi-neha-and-yash-misunderstanding-a734/|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Lokmat]]|date=16 November 2021 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Nupur Daithankar as Revati Desai<ref>{{Cite web|title=Grandfather Finds Pari is Neha's Daughter, What Happens Next?|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/mazi-tuzhi-reshimgaath-grandfather-finds-pari-is-nehas-daughter-what-happens-next-4963148.html|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[News18]]|date=11 April 2022 }}</ref>
* Madhav Abhyankar as Jayantibhai Mehta; Anushka's father<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ' मालिकेत यशवर्धनला झाला अपघात, आता तरी होणार का नेहाला प्रेमाची जाणीव|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/mazi-tuzi-reshimgath-yash-face-major-accident-shreyas-talpade/articleshow/89209168.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* Sandhya Mhatre as Mrs. Mehta, Anushka's mother<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-yash-will-see-neha-in-upcoming-episodes-serial-latest-update-mhnk-786069.html|title=प्रेक्षकांची प्रतीक्षा संपणार; अखेर नेहा आणि यश समोरासमोर येणार|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
* Vinayak Bhave as Ritesh Mehta<ref>{{Cite web|title=माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ: नेहासमोर येणार यशची खरी ओळख?|url=https://www.esakal.com/manoranjan/upcoming-episode-updates-of-majhi-tujhi-reshimgathi-prarthana-behere-and-shreyas-talpade-slv92|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Sakal]]|date=30 December 2021 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Geetanjali Ganage as Kinjal Ritesh Mehta<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-new-twist-pari-refuses-to-accept-yash-as-father-1036715|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ' मालिकेत नवा ट्विस्ट, परीने यशला बाबा म्हणून स्वीकारण्यास दिला नकार|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=27 February 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
* Yogini Pophale as Sujata: Sameer's sister<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-serial-neha-yash-will-flourish-even-more-1040296|title=चौधरींच्या पॅलेसवर भावी सुनेचं आगमन होणार, नेहा-यशचं नातं आणखी बहरणार!|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=10 March 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>

== Awards ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ [[Zee Marathi Utsav Natyancha Awards]]
!Year
!Category
!Recipient
!Role
!Ref.
|-
|rowspan="12"|2021
|Best Friends
|[[Shreyas Talpade]]-Sankarshan Karhade
|Yash-Sameer
|rowspan="12"|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/amphtml/marathi-movies/news/zee-marathi-awards-2021-winners-list-out-mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgaath-yeu-kashi-tashi-me-nandayla-win-big-323765.html|title=Zee Marathi Awards 2021 Winners List Out! Mazhi Tuzhi Reshimgath & Yeu Kashi Tashi Me Nandayla Win Big|access-date=2023-06-26|website=Filmibeat |date=31 October 2021 }}</ref>
|-
|Best Grandfather
|[[Mohan Joshi]]
|Jagannath Chaudhari
|-
|Best Child Character
|Myra Vaikul
|Pari Nayak
|-
|Best Comedy Female
|Kajal Kate
|Shefali
|-
|Best Comedy Male
|rowspan="2"|Sankarshan Karhade
|rowspan="2"|Sameer
|-
|Best Character Male
|-
|Best Character Female
|Manasi Magikar
|Aruna Naik
|-
|Best Mother
|rowspan="2"|[[Prarthana Behere]]
|rowspan="2"|Neha Kamat
|-
|Best Actress
|-
|Best Actor
|[[Shreyas Talpade]]
|Yashwardhan Chaudhari
|-
|Best Series
|rowspan="2"|Ajay Mayekar
|rowspan="2"|Director
|-
|Best Title Song
|-
|rowspan="16"|2022
|Best Friends
|[[Shreyas Talpade]]-Sankarshan Karhade
|Yash-Sameer
|rowspan="16"|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/television-news/zee-marathi-awards-2022-winner-list-mazi-tuzi-reshimgath-tu-tevha-tashi/articleshow/94891833.cms|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ' ने पुन्हा गाजवले झी मराठी अवॉर्ड; वाचा विजेत्यांची यादी|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
|-
|Best Grandmother
|Manasi Magikar
|Aruna Naik
|-
|Best Grandfather
|rowspan="2"|Pradeep Welankar
|rowspan="2"|Jagannath Chaudhari
|-
|Best Father-in-law
|-
|Best Child Character
|Myra Vaikul
|Pari Chaudhari
|-
|Best Comedy Female
|Kajal Kate
|Shefali
|-
|Best Comedy Male
|rowspan="2"|Sankarshan Karhade
|rowspan="2"|Sameer
|-
|Best Character Male
|-
|Best Mother
|rowspan="2"|[[Prarthana Behere]]
|rowspan="2"|Neha Chaudhari
|-
|Best Daughter-in-law
|-
|Best Couple
|[[Shreyas Talpade]]-[[Prarthana Behere]]
|Yash-Neha
|-
|Best Title Song
|Ajay Mayekar
|Director
|-
|Best Family
|
|Chaudhari Family
|-
|Best Supporting Male
|Anand Kale
|Vishwajeet Chaudhari
|-
|Best Negative Actress
|Sheetal Kshirsagar
|Seema (Simmi) Chaudhari
|-
|Best Mother-in-law
|Swati Pansare
|Mithila Chaudhari
|}

=== Special episode ===
==== 1 hour ====
# 31 October 2021<ref>{{Cite web|title=मराठी मालिकांचे महाएपिसोड: इंद्राच्या प्रेमाच्या कबुलीवर काय असेल दिपूचं उत्तर, अदिती आणि सिद्धार्थच्या साखरपुड्याची तयारी, यशचा लग्नासाठी होकार?, मालिकांमध्ये येणार नवीन वळण|url=https://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/entertainment/marathi-cinema/news/man-udu-udu-zala-tuzya-mazya-sansarala-ani-kai-hava-mazi-tuzi-reshimgath-mahaepisode-on-31st-oct-129074794.html|access-date=2023-06-26|website=Divya Marathi|date=30 October 2021 |language=mr}}</ref>
# 6 February 2022<ref>{{Cite news|title=Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath and Tujhya Majhya Sansarala Aani Kay Hava to air special episodes on Sunday - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-and-tujhya-majhya-sansarala-aani-kay-hava-to-air-special-episodes-on-sunday/articleshow/89344395.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 February 2022 }}</ref>
# 20 March 2022<ref>{{Cite web|title=परीच्या या प्रश्नांची यश देऊ शकेल का उत्तरं? महाएपिसोडची उत्सुकता ताणली|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/shreyas-talpade-prarthana-behere-majhi-tuzhi-reshimgath-pari-myra-vaikul-take-yash-interview-is-she-accept-yash-as-her-father/articleshow/90309641.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
# 24 July 2022<ref>{{Cite web|title=माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ अपडेट: नेहाच्या वाढदिवशीच बसणार धक्का, परी ठरणार कारण|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-update-neha-will-meet-ex-husband-avinash/articleshow/93047302.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
# 14 August 2022<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ' मालिकेत नवा ट्विस्ट; अविनाशचं सत्य नेहा सांगणार यशला|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/a-new-twist-in-the-serial-majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-neha-will-tell-the-truth-about-avinash-1089581|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|date=13 August 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
# 13 November 2022<ref>{{Cite web|title='माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ' मालिकेतील नेहा अनुष्का आहे की नेहा?, खुद्द यशने केला हा खुलासा|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/is-neha-anushka-or-neha-in-majhi-tuzi-reshimagath-serial-yash-himself-disclosed-this-a603/|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Lokmat]]|date=12 November 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>
# 15 January 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title=अनुष्काला आठवणार तिचा भूतकाळ; परी आणि नेहा पुन्हा एकत्र येणार?|url=https://marathi.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgath-last-episode-anushka-s-memory-will-back-141674376195991.html|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>
# 22 January 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title=चौधरी कुटुंबीयांवर मोठं संकट! एकाच वेळी तिघांचा अपघात; नेहा-यशही जखमी|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/television-news/mazi-tuzi-reshimgath-yashvardhan-choudhary-family-will-in-big-trouble-new-twist-is-coming/articleshow/94865887.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|language=mr}}</ref>

==== 2 hours ====
* 12 June 2022 (Yash & Neha's marriage)<ref>{{Cite news|title=Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath to air Yash and Neha's wedding special episodes - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-to-air-yash-and-nehas-wedding-special-episodes/articleshow/92032550.cms|access-date=2023-06-26|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=6 June 2022 }}</ref>

=== Seasons ===
* 22 October 2022 (1 year later)<ref>{{Cite web|title=नेहाच्या मेहंदीमध्ये आले खास पाहुणे; ओळख पाहू कोण?|url=https://www.tv9marathi.com/entertainment/marathi-cinema/mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgaath-neha-and-yash-wedding-special-week-updates-au163-729033.html|access-date=2023-06-26|website=TV9 Marathi|date=8 June 2022 |language=mr}}</ref>

== Adaptations ==
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; margin-right: 0;"
|- style="color:red"
! style="background: orange; width:8%;"| Language
! style="background:orange; width:25%;"| Title
! style="background:orange; width:20%;"| Original release
! style="background:orange; width:10%;"| Network(s)
! style="background:orange; width:10%;"| Last aired
! style="background:orange; width:10%;"| Notes
|-
| [[Kannada]]
| ''[[Seetha Raama]]'' ಸೀತಾ ರಾಮ
| 17 July 2023
| [[Zee Kannada]]
| 30 May 2025
| rowspan="4"| Remake
|-
| [[Odia language|Odia]]
| ''Shree'' ଶ୍ରୀ
| 22 January 2024
| Zee Sarthak
| 1 June 2024
|-
| [[Hindi]]
| ''Main Hoon Saath Tere'' मैं हूँ साथ तेरे
| 29 April 2024
| [[Zee TV]]
| 18 August 2024
|-
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| ''Ke Prothom Kachhe Esechhi'' কে প্রথম কাছে এসেছি
| 27 May 2024
| [[Zee Bangla]]
| 22 September 2024
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt15335010}}
* [https://www.zee5.com/tv-shows/details/mazhi-tuzhi-reshimgaath/0-6-3521 ''Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath''] at [[ZEE5]]

[[Category:Marathi-language television shows]]
[[Category:Zee Marathi original programming]]
[[Category:2021 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:2023 Indian television series endings]]

Shubham Jaglan

2026-01-05T22:17:39Z

MHNNoella384131: Creating Initial Pg V1

{{short description|Indian amateur golfer (born 2004)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox golfer
| name = Shubham Jaglan
| image =
| image_size = 
| caption =
| fullname =
| nickname =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2004|8|16|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Israna]], [[Panipat district|Panipat]], [[Haryana]]
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| height = 
| weight = 
| nationality = {{IND}}
| residence = [[New Delhi]]
| spouse =
| partner =
| children =
| college =
| status = Amateur
| yearpro = 
| retired = 
| tour = 
| extour = 
| prowins = 
| pgawins = 
| eurowins = 
| japwins = 
| asiawins = 
| sunwins = 
| auswins = 
| nwidewins = 
| chalwins = 
| champwins = 
| seneurowins = 
| otherwins = 
| majorwins = 
| masters = 
| usopen = 
| open = 
| pga = 
| wghofid = 
| wghofyear = 
| award1 = [[NDTV]] - Emerging Player award
| year1 = 2013
| award2 = Margdarshan Award
| year2 = 2013
| awardssection = 
}}

'''Shubham Jaglan''' (born 16 August 2004) is an Indian amateur [[golfer]] who won the [[Junior World Golf Championships]] in 2015. Jaglan is also World Record holder,{{clarify|date=September 2015}} 9 under in Classic Junior Open, 2012 and is recipient of the "NDTV – Emerging Player" and "Margdarshan" awards. Jaglan has won over 100 domestic and international tournaments.<ref name="World Junior Golf title">{{cite news |title=World Junior Golf title |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=19 July 2015 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/golf/top-stories/Milkmans-son-Shubham-Jaglan-lifts-world-junior-golf-title/articleshow/48130512.cms}}</ref><ref name="Shubham Jaglan wins World Junior Golf Championship">{{cite news |title=Shubham Jaglan wins World Junior Golf Championship |publisher=IBN Live |accessdate=19 July 2015 |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/sports/10-year-old-shubham-jaglan-wins-world-junior-golf-championship-1022114.html}}</ref><ref name="Shubham vows to beat Nicklaus record">{{cite news |title=Shubham vows to beat Nicklaus record |publisher=Golfing Indian |accessdate=19 July 2015 |url=http://golfingindian.com/interviews_posts/shubham-vows-beat-nicklaus-record/}}</ref><ref name="Son of milk-man lifts Junior World Golf Championships title">{{cite news |title=Son of milk-man lifts Junior World Golf Championships title |publisher=First Post |accessdate=19 July 2015 |url=http://www.firstpost.com/sports/ten-year-old-son-milk-man-shubham-jaglan-lifts-junior-world-golf-championships-title-2350318.html}}</ref><ref name="From field golf to world champion golfer">{{cite news |title=From field golf to world champion golfer |publisher=NDTV Sports |accessdate=19 July 2015 |url=http://sports.ndtv.com/golf/news/212718-shubham-jaglan-from-field-golf-to-world-champion-golfer |archive-date=21 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721172121/http://sports.ndtv.com/golf/news/212718-shubham-jaglan-from-field-golf-to-world-champion-golfer |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="India's next big thing">{{cite news |title=India's next big thing |newspaper=[[India Today]] |access-date=19 July 2015 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/golf/story/shubham-jaglan-golf-prodigy-indias-next-big-thing-tiger-woods-is-passe-indian-golfer-albatross-junior-golf-tournament-219153-2013-11-28}}</ref><ref name="Tiger Woods befriended">{{cite news |title=Tiger Woods befriended |publisher=[[Zee News]] |accessdate=19 July 2015 |url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/golf/meet-the-boy-wonder-from-india-whom-tiger-woods-befriended_748603.html}}</ref>

==Early life==
Jaglan was born in village Israna, [[Panipat district]], [[Haryana]]. His father is a [[milkman]] by profession and his family practices [[Pehlwani]]. He received his primary education in his village and now studies at the Laxman Public School in Delhi.<ref name="World Junior Golf title"/><ref name="India's next big thing"/>

==Golf career==
An [[Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin|NRI]] named Kapur Singh started a golf academy in Jaglan's village. Jaglan was enrolled into the academy by his grandfather. Against the wishes of his family and despite the academy shutting down, Jaglan continued his practice on a small piece of land in his [[backyard]]. This land was cleaned by his father and converted into a green with three holes. Most of Jaglan's formative training was [[self-taught]] from videos on [[YouTube]].{{citation needed|date=September 2015}}

He was later spotted by The Golf Foundation that gave him annual scholarship of INR 2.0 lakh and a membership in the [[Delhi Golf Club]], which in turn helped the father and son to relocate to [[Delhi]] to continue his training.<ref name="World Junior Golf title"/><ref name="India's next big thing"/><ref name="Tiger Woods befriended"/>

==Tournament wins==
*2013 World Masters of Junior Golf<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sharma|first1=Ateet|title=Shubham Jaglan: Tiger Woods is passe, meet India's next big thing!|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/golf/story/shubham-jaglan-golf-prodigy-indias-next-big-thing-tiger-woods-is-passe-indian-golfer-albatross-junior-golf-tournament-219153-2013-11-28|access-date=4 June 2016|work=[[India Today]]|date=29 November 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604011426/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/shubham-jaglan-golf-prodigy-indias-next-big-thing-tiger-woods-is-passe-indian-golfer-albatross-junior-golf-tournament/1/327141.html|archive-date=4 June 2016}}</ref>
*2015 [[Junior World Golf Championships]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Shubham Jaglan, Ten-year-old Son of a Haryana Milkman, Lifts Junior World Golf Championship Title|url=http://sports.ndtv.com/golf/news/245751-shubham-jaglan-ten-year-old-son-of-a-milk-man-from-haryana-lifts-junior-world-golf-championships-title|accessdate=4 June 2016|work=[[NDTV]]|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|date=24 July 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604010845/http://sports.ndtv.com/golf/news/245751-shubham-jaglan-ten-year-old-son-of-a-milk-man-from-haryana-lifts-junior-world-golf-championships-title|archivedate=4 June 2016}}</ref>
*2016 European Junior Championship<ref>{{cite news|title=India's Shubham Jaglan Clinches Maiden European Junior Golf Title|url=http://sports.ndtv.com/golf/news/259149-india-s-shubham-jaglan-clinches-maiden-european-junior-golf-title|accessdate=4 June 2016|work=[[NDTV]]|date=3 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603121341/http://sports.ndtv.com/golf/news/259149-india-s-shubham-jaglan-clinches-maiden-european-junior-golf-title|archivedate=3 June 2016}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=40em}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jaglan, Shubham}}
[[Category:Indian male golfers]]
[[Category:Amateur golfers]]
[[Category:Golfers from Haryana]]
[[Category:2004 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]

P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre

2025-12-31T04:43:40Z

MHNNoella384131: new - done

{{Use Indian English|date=July 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox hospital
| name = P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre
| org_group =
| image = Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai.jpg
| image_alt = 
| caption =
| pushpin_map =
| logo = Hinduja Hospital Logo.png
| logo_size = 200
| location = Veer Savarkar Marg, Near Shivaji Park, Mahim
| region = Mumbai
| state = Maharashtra
| country = India
| coordinates = {{coord|19.033205|72.838605|type:landmark|display=title,inline|name=Hinduja Hospital}}
| healthcare = 
| funding = [[Non-profit]]
| type = Multispecialty Tertiary Care Hospital
| speciality = 
| standards = 
| emergency = Yes
| affiliation = 
| patron = 
| network = [[Hinduja Healthcare Limited]]
| beds = 520 <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hindujahospital.com/whats-new-at-p-d-hinduja-hospital | title=What's New at P D Hinduja Hospital }}</ref>
| founded = 1951
| closed = 
| website = {{URL|www.hindujahospital.com}}
| other_links = 
}}
The '''P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre''' is a multi-specialty, tertiary-care hospital in [[Mumbai]], India. It was founded in 1951 by [[Parmanand Hinduja|Parmanand Deepchand Hinduja]], in collaboration with the [[Massachusetts General Hospital]], the main teaching hospital of [[Harvard Medical School]], Boston.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindujahospital.com/about-us/hinduja-through-ages.html|title=P. D. Hinduja Hospital – Hinduja Through the Ages|website=www.hindujahospital.com}}</ref>

The hospital is owned and operated by the London-based [[Hinduja Group]], through [[Hinduja Healthcare Limited]], which also operates [[Hinduja Healthcare Surgical]] at [[Khar, Mumbai]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Paramanand Deepchand Hinduja – Hinduja Foundation|url=http://www.thesindhuworld.com/hinduja.html|accessdate=22 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141122153806/http://www.thesindhuworld.com/hinduja.html|archive-date=22 November 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Its chief executive officer is Gautam Khanna.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindujagroup.com/newsletter/may14/hh-new-ceo.html|title=Hinduja Group :: Newsletter|website=www.hindujagroup.com|access-date=18 April 2020|archive-date=3 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403122528/http://www.hindujagroup.com/newsletter/may14/hh-new-ceo.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Hinduja Hospital is ranked the 6th-best hospital in India,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.newsweek.com/best-hospitals-2021/india | title=Best Hospitals 2021 - India | website=[[Newsweek]] | date=2 March 2021 }}</ref> 3rd-best among the private hospitals in India,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/best-hospitals-2020/india|title=Best Hospitals – India|date=27 February 2020|website=Newsweek}}</ref> best in Western India, best multi-speciality hospital in metros,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/p-d-hinduja-hospital-mrc-once-again-bestowed-with-indias-best-multi-specialty-hospital-award-at-india-healthcare-awards-2014/82780/|title=P.D. Hinduja Hospital & MRC Once again Bestowed with India's Best Multi Specialty Hospital Award at India Healthcare Awards 2014|date=11 June 2015}}</ref> and the cleanest hospital in Mumbai.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/bmc-ranks-worli-cleanest-ward/articleshow/73366369.cms|title=BMC ranks Worli 'cleanest ward' | Mumbai News - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=19 January 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindujahospital.com/about-us/awards.html|title=P. D. Hinduja Hospital - Awards|website=www.hindujahospital.com}}</ref>

It has strategic partnerships with [[King's College London]], [[Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust]], [[Geneva University Hospitals]], [[Stanford University]], [[Henry Ford Health Systems]] to advance training, education and research.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/new-partnership-to-improve-healthcare-outcomes-in-india-and-the-uk|title=New partnership to improve healthcare outcomes in India and the UK|first=King's College|last=London|website=King's College London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/india-uk-medical-bodies-partner-to-improve-healthcare-outcomes/109582154|title=India, UK medical bodies partner to improve healthcare outcomes - ET HealthWorld|website=ETHealthworld.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindujagroup.com/hinduja-hospital.html|title=Investment In Healthcare | P.D. Hinduja Hospital | Hinduja Group Ltd.|website=www.hindujagroup.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title=Hindujas inks new India-UK healthcare pact with King's College London {{!}} Company News - Business Standard | url=https://www.business-standard.com/companies/news/hindujas-inks-new-india-uk-healthcare-pact-with-king-s-college-london-124042400554_1.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425170000/https://www.business-standard.com/companies/news/hindujas-inks-new-india-uk-healthcare-pact-with-king-s-college-london-124042400554_1.html | access-date=2025-03-18 | archive-date=2024-04-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.expresshealthcare.in/news/hinduja-kings-health-partners-academy-to-improve-healthcare-outcomes-in-india-and-uk/443162/|title=Hinduja-King's Health Partners Academy to improve healthcare outcomes in India and UK|date=24 April 2024}}</ref>

== Academics ==
* [[Diplomate of National Board|Diplomate of National Board (DNB)]] in 26 specialties and super-specialties, accredited by the [[National Board of Examinations]].<ref name="hinduja_academics">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindujahospital.com/|title=Best Multispecialty Health Care Hospital, Medical Research Centre in Mumbai|website=P. D. Hinduja Hospital}}</ref>
* [[Bachelor of Science in Nursing|BSc]], [[Master of Science in Nursing|MSc]] and [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]] degrees in [[Nurse education|Nursing]], awarded by the [[Maharashtra University of Health Sciences]].<ref name="hinduja_academics"/>
* [[MSc]] and [[PhD]] in [[Applied Biology]] awarded by the [[University of Mumbai]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindujahospital.com/research/|title=Research for Treatments in Medical|website=P. D. Hinduja Hospital}}</ref>
* [[Allied health professions|Allied Health Science]] courses in 10 disciplines, affiliated to the Health Sector Skill Council.<ref name="hinduja_academics"/>
* Fellowship program for Young Neurosurgeons, Fellowship In Chronic Pain Medicine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindujahospital.com/academics/|title=Academics for Healthcare Industry|website=P. D. Hinduja Hospital}}</ref>
* Post Graduate Diploma in Emergency Medical Services in association with Lifesupporters Institute of Health Sciences.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lifesupporters.in/course_info.php?id=112|title=Course Details|website=www.lifesupporters.in}}</ref> Post-Graduate Diploma in Advanced Clinical Research (PGDACR) and Post-Graduate Diploma In Pharmacovigilance and Clinical Data Management (PGDPVDM) in association with Institute of Clinical Research India.<ref name="auto"/>

== Expansion ==
[[File:Ashok Leyland Dost Ambulance.jpg|thumb|Ambulance based on Ashok Leyland Dost shows synergy between the conglomerate's companies]]
It has plans to expand its nationwide capacity to 5,000 beds,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/healthcare/hindujas-scout-for-hospital-jv-partner/articleshow/4835610.cms?from=mdr|title=Hindujas scout for hospital JV partner|first=Hemamalini|last=Venkatraman|date=July 30, 2009|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/hindujas-to-up-investments-in-healthcare-power-107102900047_1.html|title=Hindujas to up investments in healthcare, power|first=B. S.|last=Reporter|newspaper=Business Standard India |date=October 29, 2007|via=Business Standard}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title=Bids submitted to set up 200-bed hospital in Gujarat | url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/H2Oi7BNSqfZHvSfaI3iM0J/Hospitals-submit-bids-to-set-up-200bed-hospital-in-Gujarat.html | access-date=2025-03-18 | website=www.livemint.com | date=2 September 2013 }}</ref> besides setting up [[radiology]] and [[Medical laboratory|pathology diagnostic centres]], [[Emergency medical services|emergency ambulance services]] and [[Pharmacy (shop)|pharmacy retail outlets]] across India.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/hinduja-hospital-gets-parke-davis-lele-as-ceo/articleshow/47102460.cms?from=mdr|title=Hinduja Hospital gets Parke-Davis' Lele as CEO|first=Jeetha|last=D'Silva|date=May 22, 2003|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref>

It has forayed in to [[drug manufacturing]] and healthcare-related [[speciality chemicals]] manufacturing.<ref>{{Cite web | title=Hindujas to foray into drugs | url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/hindujas-to-foray-into-drugs-104112901010_1.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241108220113/https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/hindujas-to-foray-into-drugs-104112901010_1.html | access-date=2025-03-18 | archive-date=2024-11-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/business/hinduja-ventures-gets-board-ok-to-buy-idl-specialty-chem-idUSSGE61E04B/ | title=Hinduja Ventures gets board OK to buy IDL Specialty Chem | date=2010-02-15 | website=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>
It is also working with the [[BETiC|Biomedical Engineering and Technology (incubation) Centre (BETiC)]] of [[IIT Bombay]] to co-develop and commercialise [[medical device|biomedical devices]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.betic.org/partners | title=Partners | BETIC | India }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.hindujahospital.com Official website]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre}}
[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1951]]
[[Category:Hospitals in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Hospitals established in 1951]]
[[Category:Hinduja Group]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in Bombay State]]
[[Category:20th-century architecture in India]]

Shantanu Mohapatra

2025-12-20T08:12:09Z

MHNNoella384131: further enhance details also and fixed typos based on references

{{Short description|Indian musician, singer, and composer (1936–2020)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Shantanu Mohapatra
| honorific_suffix =
| image =
| image_upright =
| image_size =
| landscape = 
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| birth_name = 
| alias =
| birth_date = 1936
| birth_place = [[Baripada]], [[Mayurbhanj district]], [[Odisha]]
| origin =
| death_date = 30 December 2020
| death_place = [[Bhubaneswar]], [[Odisha]]
| genre =
| occupation = musician, singer and composer
| instrument = Vocalist
| years_active = 
| label =
| associated_acts =
| website = 
| module =
| module2 =
| module3 =
}}
'''Shantanu Mohapatra''' (1936–2020<ref name=indiatoday/>) was an Indian musician, singer and composer.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mehrotra |first1=Isha |title=Renowned music director Shantanu Mohapatra dies at 84 |url=https://zeenews.india.com/people/renowned-music-director-shantanu-mohapatra-dies-at-84-2333610.html |publisher=[[Zee News]] |date=30 December 2020}}</ref> Apart from [[Odia Language|Odia]], he sang in [[Hindi Language|Hindi]] and [[Bengali language]]. He also directed music for [[Odia film|Odia]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Hindi]] and [[Telugu films]].<ref>{{cite book|title=National Film Festival|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DA2LcQwI1DsC|year=1994|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=ଓଡ଼ିଆ ସଙ୍ଗୀତ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶକ ଶାନ୍ତନୁ ମହାପାତ୍ରଙ୍କ ପରଲୋକ |url=https://khabar.odishatv.in/odisha/eminent-odia-music-director-shantanu-mohapatra-passes-away/234549/ |website=www.khabar.odishatv.in |publisher=odisha tv |accessdate=30 December 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230043910/https://khabar.odishatv.in/odisha/eminent-odia-music-director-shantanu-mohapatra-passes-away/234549/ |archivedate=30 December 2020}}</ref> During his lifetime, he composed music for more than 1,600 songs.<ref name=dharitri>{{cite web |title=ସଙ୍ଗୀତଜ୍ଞ ଶାନ୍ତନୁ ମହାପାତ୍ର ଅସୁସ୍ଥ |url=https://www.dharitri.com/auto_awesome-translate-from-hindi-4620-5000-translation-results-musician-shantanu-mohapatra-is-ill/ |website=www.dharitri.com |date=29 December 2020 |publisher=ଧରିତ୍ରୀ |accessdate=30 December 2020}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Shantanu Mohapatra was born on 6 January 1936, in [[Baripada]], [[Mayurbhanj district]] in [[Odisha]].<ref>{{cite web |script-title=or:ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ସଙ୍ଗୀତଜ୍ଞ ଶାନ୍ତନୁ ମହାପାତ୍ରଙ୍କ ୮୫ ବର୍ଷ ବୟସରେ ପରଲୋକ, ଅସୁସ୍ଥତା କାରଣରୁ ଭର୍ତ୍ତି ହୋଇଥିଲେ ହସ୍ପିଟାଲରେ |url=https://knewsodisha.com/eminent-musician-shantanu-mohapatra-passed-away/ |website=Knewsodisha |publisher=knews odisha |access-date=30 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230043658/https://knewsodisha.com/eminent-musician-shantanu-mohapatra-passed-away/ |archive-date=30 December 2020}}</ref> From the age of five, he learned music from Guru Banchhanidhi Panda.<ref>{{cite web |authorlink1=31 December 2020 |script-title=or:ଜୀବନ ନାଟକରେ ଯବନିକା |url=https://sambad.in/entertainment/the-veil-in-the-drama-of-life-606449/ |website=Sambad |date=31 December 2020 |publisher=ଇଷ୍ଟର୍ଣ୍ଣ ମିଡ଼ିଆ |access-date=31 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231051838/https://sambad.in/entertainment/the-veil-in-the-drama-of-life-606449/ |archive-date=2020-12-31}}</ref> He began performing on stage at the age of eight. In 1956, he graduated from [[IIT Kharagpur]] with a degree in Applied Geology and Geophysics. While studying at IIT, he became involved with the [[Indian People's Theatre Association]] (IPTA) and mastered the art of group music. He learned music direction from [[Salil Chowdhury]]. In June 1956, he joined the Department of Mines & Geology, [[Government of Odisha]] and retired from there as a director. He worked as a geophysicist in [[Odisha Mining Corporation]] till retirement in 1994.

== Music career ==
Santanu Mahapatra made his debut as an Odia movie music composer in 1963 with the film ''[[Suryamukhi|Surjyamukhi]]''. He composed music for 50 odd movies, features, telefilms, documentaries and especially art movies. He has also been credited as the first Odia music director to work in films in five different languages include Odia, Hindi, Bengali, Assamese and Telugu.<ref name=dharitri/> His filmography include ''[[Suryamukhi|Surjyamukhi]]''(1963), '[[Arundhati (1967 film)|''Arundhati'']](1967), ''[[Chilika Teerey]]''(1977), ''[[Bagh Bahadur]]''(1989) etc.

Mohapatra had composed the first modern Odia ballad 'Konark Gatha' with lyricist [[Gurukrushna Goswami]] and it was sung by [[Akshaya Mohanty]]. He has done more than 1,900 compositions, including 53 feature and telefilms films, 10 Jatras, 60 dramas by AIR (Cuttack) and 10 dance dramas to his credit.<ref name=indiatoday/>

== Honors and awards ==
* [[Lalit Kala Akademi]] Award – 2004{{citation needed|date=February 2021}}
* Odisha Film Critics Award, 1995{{citation needed|date=March 2023}}
* [[Mother Teresa Award|Mother Teresa Millennium Award]], 2005{{citation needed|date=February 2021}}

== Death ==
He died of [[pneumonia]] on 30 December 2020, at the age of 84.<ref name=indiatoday>{{cite news |title=Odia music maestro Shantanu Mohapatra dies at 84 in Bhubaneshwar |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/odia-music-maestro-shantanu-mohapatra-dies-at-84-in-bhubaneshwar-1754549-2020-12-30 |publisher=[[India Today]] |date=30 December 2020}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mohapatra, Shantanu}}
[[Category:Indian male playback singers]]
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian composers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian singers]]
[[Category:Singers from Odisha]]
[[Category:People from Baripada]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male singers]]

Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai

2025-12-07T14:49:13Z

MHNNoella384131: Put Up Data

{{Short description|Indian television series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai.jpg
| caption =
| native_name =
| genre = [[drama (film and television)|Drama]] [[Romance film|Romance]]
| creator = [[Sandiip Sikcand]]
| developer =
| based_on =
| starring = {{ubl|[[Karan V Grover]]| Sayli Salunkhe}}
| opentheme = ''Bahut Pyar Karte Hain'' by [[Anuradha Paudwal]]
| endtheme =
| composer =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 133
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer =
| producer = Fazila Allana [[Sandiip Sikcand]]
| runtime = 20-24 minutes
| company = Sol Production Sandiip Films
| network = [[Star Bharat]] [[Disney+ Hotstar]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2022|07|05|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2022|12|10|df=yes}}
}}
'''''Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai''''' ({{Translation|Love You So Much}}) is an Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[romantic drama]] television series that premiered from 5 July 2022 to 10 December 2022 on [[Star Bharat]]. Produced by [[Fazila Allana]] and [[Sandiip Sikcand]] under Sol Production and Sandiip Films, it stars [[Karan V Grover]], Sayli Salunkhe and Kiara Sadh.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/karan-v-grover-plays-a-movie-superstar-in-bohot-pyaar-karte-hai/articleshow/92277989.cms|title=Karan V Grover plays a movie superstar in 'Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai' - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=17 June 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news-gossip/bohot-pyaar-karte-hai-first-episode-review-show-looks-promising-definitely-not-copy-yeh-hai-mohabbatein-1156183?amp|title=Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai First Episode Review: Show looks promising, definitely not a copy of Yeh Hai Mohabbatein|website=Pinkvilla|access-date=8 July 2022}}</ref>

==Plot==
The show is about a girl named Indu who lives with her younger sister and parents. Indu loves a guy named Mahesh and wants to go meet him and propose to him for marriage. She goes to meet him with her dad but finds that he has already married someone else. Mahesh insults her and beats her father to which she breaks up with him. While she is returning from there; she meets a pregnant woman on a bus and asks her to come with her. On the bus, the woman delivers her baby and asks Indu to hold her for some time. When Indu wakes she finds out that the woman has left her baby there and ran away. Already trying to overcome her breakup she decides to leave the kid at the station but couldn't and she takes her in. Her mother is against her decision but Indu wants to keep it because the baby was a new hope for her, she names the baby Zoon.

===Five years later===
Zoon is five years old now but because of an accident, she can't walk without a leg brace. Zoon wants a father and keeps asking her mother to get her a father and Indu lies to her every time because she doesn't want her to know that she is adopted. Then comes Ritesh Malhotra, a superstar. Zoon likes Ritesh and wants to meet him. On the release of his new film, Ritesh comes to a theatre and saves Zoon when she falls from the second floor of the theatre.

==Cast==
===Main===
* [[Karan V Grover]] as Ritesh Malhotra: Indu's husband; Zoon's adoptive father
* Sayali Salunkhe as Indu Raina: Sunita and Rajendra's daughter; Prashant and Anjali's sister; Ritesh's wife; Zoon's adoptive mother
* Kiara Sadh as Zoon Raina: Kadambari's daughter; Indu and Ritesh's adoptive daughter

===Recurring===
* [[Shireen Mirza]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/entertainment/shireen-mirza-makes-a-comeback-on-tv-after-two-years-406212|title=Shireen Mirza makes a comeback on TV after two years|first=Tribune News|last=Service|website=Tribuneindia News Service}}</ref> as Kamna Pankaj Malhotra: Padma's younger sister; Pankaj's second wife; Sameer and Vivan’s maternal aunt/foster mother; Ritesh's aunt
* Sanjay Swaraj<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/sanjay-swaraj-excited-to-be-a-part-of-bohotpyaarkarte-hai-409276|title=Sanjay Swaraj excited to be a part of 'BohotPyaarKarte Hai'|first=Tribune News|last=Service|website=Tribuneindia News Service}}</ref> as Pankaj Malhotra: Deep's elder brother; Padma's ex-husband; Kamna's husband; Sameer and Vivaan’s father; Ritesh's uncle
* Kushagre Dua as Sameer Malhotra: Pankaj and Padma’s son; Kamna’s foster son; Vivaan's elder brother; Ritesh's cousin; Kadambari's husband
* Aryan Arora<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/aryan-arora-joins-cast-of-bohot-pyaar-karte-hai/articleshow/92345436.cms|title=Aryan Arora joins cast of 'Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai' - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=20 June 2022 }}</ref> as Vivan Malhotra: Pankaj and Padma’s son; Kamna’s biological nephew/stepson; Sameer's younger brother; Ritesh's cousin; Anjali's lover
* Amit Singh Thakur as Rajendra Raina: Sunita's husband; Prashant, Indu and Anjali's father; Zoon's adoptive grandfather; Asha and Ritesh's father-in-law
* Nikita Tiwari as Asha Bakshi Raina: Nima and Vinod's daughter; Kadambari's step-sister; Prashant's widow; Zoon's adoptive aunt; Vivek's love interest
* Trishaan Maini as Vivek: Indu's best friend; Asha's lover
* Riya Soni as Anjali "Anju" Raina: Sunita and Rajendra's daughter; Prashant and Indu's sister; Zoon's adoptive aunt; Rahul and Vivaan’s love interest
* Neelam Pathania as Sunita Raina: Rajendra's wife; Prashant, Indu and Anjali's mother; Zoon's adoptive grandmother; Asha and Ritesh's mother-in-law
* [[Pankit Thakker]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/pankit-thakkar-excited-about-his-new-show-says-his-character-is-different-from-what-he-has-has-played-in-the-last-few-years/articleshow/92037335.cms|title=Pankit Thakker excited about his new show, says, his character is different from what he has played in the last few years - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=6 June 2022 }}</ref> as Deep Malhotra: Pankaj's younger brother; Dolly's husband; Ritesh, Sameer and Vivaan's uncle
* Priyamvada Singh as Dolly Deep Malhotra: Deep's wife; Ritesh, Sameer and Vivaan's aunt
* Ali Khan as Rahul: Ritesh's friend and manager; Anjali's lover
* Aparna Aparajit as Mrs. Malhotra: Ritesh's mother; Indu's mother-in-law; Zoon's adoptive grandmother
* [[Prerna Wanvari]]<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/prerna-wanvari-on-playing-a-pregnant-woman-abandoned-by-her-husband-news-208567|title=Prerna Wanvari On Playing A Pregnant Woman Abandoned By Her Husband|date=12 July 2022 |magazine=Outlook India}}</ref> as Kadambari Patel Malhotra: Vinod's daughter; Asha's step-sister; Zoon's biological mother; Sameer's wife
* [[Ribbhu Mehra]] as Mahesh: Indu's former love interest
* Keertida Mistry

==Production==
===Development===
The show title is based on the song of the sane name, from the 1991 film ''[[Saajan]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news-gossip/bohot-pyaar-karte-hai-karan-v-grover-sayali-salunkhe-express-their-excitement-shows-launch-1156354%3famp|title=Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai: Karan V Grover & Sayali Salunkhe express their excitement on the show's launch|date=12 July 2022|website=Pinkvilla}}</ref> The series marks second collaboration between [[Karan Grover]] and [[Pankit Thakker]] after ''[[Bahu Hamari Rajni Kant]]'' (2016).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/pankit-thakker-ecstatic-about-reuniting-with-karan-v-grover-for-bohot-pyaar-karte-hai/articleshow/92102367.cms|title=Pankit Thakker is ecstatic about reuniting with Karan V Grover for 'Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai'|website=The Times of India|date=9 June 2022 |access-date=2 August 2022}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
Sayali Salunkhe was cast as the female lead Indu, a single mother.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/tv/hindi/sayli-salunkhe-karan-is-like-a-mentor-and-teacher-to-me-on-the-set/videoshow/93475820.cms|title=Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai's Sayli Salunkhe: Karan is like a mentor and teacher to me on the set|access-date=10 August 2022|website=India Times}}</ref> [[Karan Grover]] was cast as the male lead, in the role of a film star.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/role-play-karan-v-grover-plays-a-movie-superstar-in-bohot-pyaar-karte-hai--news-202975|title=After Udaariyan, Karan V Grover to plays a movie superstar in 'Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai'|access-date=June 18, 2022|magazine=Outlook India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai: स्टार भारत पर शुरू हुआ नया शो 'बहुत प्यार करते हैं', करण ग्रोवर और सायली सालुंखे की बनी जोड़ी|url=https://www.timesnowhindi.com/entertainment/television/article/bohot-pyaar-karte-hai-on-star-bharat-cast-timing-promo-and-other-detail/421488|work=Times Now Hindi|date=7 July 2022 |access-date=7 July 2022}}</ref>

=== Filming and release ===
Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai's shooting began in June 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=WATCH! Promo of Star Bharat's new show 'Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai'|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0wE-VKtw-c|language=en|access-date=17 June 2022|work=Star Bharat - Youtube| date=4 June 2022 }}</ref> The first promo arrived the same month, featuring Salunkhe as Indu. The series premiered from 5 July 2022 on Star Bharat.<ref>{{Cite web|title=5 Interesting reasons why you should watch Karan V Grover and Sayali Salunkhe's 'Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai'|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news-gossip/5-interesting-reasons-why-you-should-watch-karan-v-grover-starrer-show-bohot-pyaar-karte-hai-1158604%3famp|work=Pinkvilla|access-date=22 July 2022}}</ref>

==Awards and nominations==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+
|-
! Year
! Award
! Category
! Recipient
! Result
! Ref.
|-
|rowspan="3"|2022
|rowspan="3"|[[Indian Television Academy Awards]]
|Popular Actress (Drama)
|Sayali Salukhe
|{{nom}}
|rowspan="3"|<ref>{{Cite web|title=22nd Indian Television Academy Awards Nominations - Vote Now|access-date=9 September 2022|work=Indian Television Academy Awards|url=https://ita2022.indiantelevisionacademy.com/}}</ref>
|-
|Popular Actor (Drama)
|[[Karan Grover]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|Popular Serial (Drama)
|Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai
|{{nom}}
|}

==See also==
*[[List of programs broadcast by Star Bharat]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links ==
* [https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/bohot-pyaar-karte-hai/1260106862 Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai] on [[Disney+ Hotstar]]
* {{IMDb title|id=21216406}}

{{Star Bharat Programmes}}
{{Portal bar|India|Television}}

[[Category:2022 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]
[[Category:Indian drama television series]]
[[Category:Indian television soap operas]]
[[Category:Star Bharat original programming]]

Devichandraguptam

2025-11-26T16:26:48Z

MHNNoella384131: Put Up New Bio

{{Short description|Indian political drama}}
'''''Devi-Chandraguptam''''' ([[IAST]]: Devīcandraguptam) or '''Devi-Chandragupta''' is an Indian [[Sanskrit]]-language political drama attributed to Vishakhadeva, who is generally identified with [[Vishakhadatta]]. The complete text of the play is now [[Lost literary work|lost]], but its portions survive in form of quotations in the later works. The plot also survives in form of a [[Persian language]] story, which appears to be an adaptation of the play, and is included in the 11th century text ''Majmal-ut-Tawarikh''.

In the play, king [[Ramagupta]] decides to surrender his queen [[Dhruvadevi]] ("Devi") to a [[Indo-Scythians|Shaka]] enemy when besieged. Ramagupta's younger brother [[Chandragupta II|Chandragupta]] enters the enemy camp disguised as the queen, and kills the enemy ruler. The rest of the story is not clear from the surviving passages, but based on other historical evidence, it appears that in the last part of the play, Chandragupta dethrones Ramagupta and marries Dhruvadevi.

The historicity of the play's narrative is disputed: some modern historians theorize that it is based on historical events, as several later sources refer to the events mentioned in the play. Other scholars argue that there these later sources may be based on the play itself, and no independent evidence corroborates its historicity.

== Authorship ==

The play is attributed to Vishakhadeva, whom modern scholars generally identify with [[Vishakhadatta]], the author of the Sanskrit play ''[[Mudrarakshasa|Mudra-rakshasa]]''.{{sfn|Upinder Singh|2008|p=479}}{{sfn|Sures Chandra Banerji|1989|p=107}} His period is not certain but he probably flourished in or after the 6th century CE. Some scholars such as [[A. S. Altekar]], [[K. P. Jayaswal]] and [[Sten Konow]] theorized that Vishakhadatta was a contemporary of Chandragupta II, and lived in late 4th century to early 5th century. But this view has been challenged by other scholars, including [[Moriz Winternitz]] and [[R. C. Majumdar]].{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=49}}

== Plot ==

Based on the surviving fragments, the play appears to have opened in the Gupta military camp. King Ramagupta has been defeated by an unnamed [[Saka|Shaka]] ruler, and his camp has been besieged by the enemy. The enemy has offered him peace if he surrenders his queen Dhruvadevi, and Ramagupta has reluctantly agreed to these terms after pressure from his ministers.{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=261}}

In Act I, Ramagupta's younger brother Chandragupta tries to find an alternative to these dishonourable terms. He thinks of raising a [[vetala]] (a mythical vampire-like creature), presumably to magically use it against the enemy. While he discusses this topic with the jester (''vidushaka'') Atreya, a maid arrives with the queen's robe. The maid is taking the robe to Madhavasena, a courtesan and a common friend of Chandragupta and the queen (presumably as a parting gift from the queen, before she is sent to the enemy camp). The maid asks Chandragupta where Madhavasena is, and goes away to find her. Chandragupta gets the idea of going to the enemy camp disguised as the queen, and killing the Shaka ruler. He goes off the stage to disguise himself as a woman. Later, as Chandragupta is about to depart for the enemy camp, Atreya is concerned about him going alone among the enemies.{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=261}} Chandragupta declares that a single lion forces many deer to run away: a hero doesn't care about being outnumbered.{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|pp=261-262}}

In Act II, Ramagupta tries to dissuade Chandragupta from going to the enemy camp, stating that he would rather lose the queen than his brother.{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=262}} The king says, "Abide by my words, I dare not abandon you for my love for you is too strong. I have decided to give away the queen like a straw." The queen, who overhears the conversation from a distance, thinks that her husband is talking to another woman, and misunderstands the conversation to believe that her husband is abandoning her for another woman.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|pp=153-154}} She becomes angry with the king, which apparently forebodes evil for the king, although the exact sequel is not clear from the surviving fragments.{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=262}}

In Act III, it is reported that Chandragupta has killed the Shaka king. In either Act III or Act IV (not clear from the surviving extracts), he observes Dhruvadevi's feelings: she no longer loves the king Ramagupta, and is "full of shame, anger, despair, fear and discontent".{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=262}}

In Act IV, Chandragupta and Madhavasena share an intimate moment. He tells her that his heart is already "bound by her qualities", and asks her to bind him "with her arms, necklace and girdle". Perhaps, in the preceding scene (which is not part of the surviving fragments), she warns him that he is in danger of being literally bound, presumably as a result of a plot against him or on the orders of his brother Ramagupta.{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=262}}

In Act V, the last act from which any quotations survive, Chandragupta is in some kind of danger.{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=262}} To protect himself, he feigns madness on his way to the court (apparently that of king Ramagupta).{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|pp=262-263}} He tries to conceal the development of his love for someone (not clear who), and is slightly afraid of his rival (again, not clear who). This scene is accompanied by two [[Prakrit]]-language songs in the [[Arya metre]]. The first song describes the moonrise, portraying Chandragupta as the moon ("Chandra" in Sanskrit) who has destroyed the darkness.{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=263}}

It is not clear from the surviving fragments who Chandragupta's rival in the last act is. But modern scholars theorize that the rival is his brother Ramagupta,{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=263}} and the person he tries to conceal his love for is Dhruva-devi.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=48}} The rest of the plot may be reconstructed as follows: Ramagupta's public image suffers as a result of his decision to surrender his wife to an enemy, while Chandragupta is regarded as a hero by the subjects. Ramagupta grows jealous of his brother, and tries to persecute him. Chandragupta feigns madness to escape his brother's enmity, but ultimately kills him, becomes the new king, and marries Dhruva-devi (see [[#Historicity|Historicity]] below).{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=48}}

== Fragments ==

The original text of the play is now [[Lost literary work|lost]], but its extracts survive as quotations in the later works.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|pp=153-154}} Thirteen passages from the play have been quoted in four different works on [[dramaturgy]].{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=47}} Some sources also refer to it without quoting passages from it.{{sfn|A. K. Warder|1989|p=260}}

=== ''Natya-darpana'' ===

Six quotations from the play can be found in ''Natya-darpana'', a work on [[dramaturgy]] authored by the Jain scholars Ramachandra and Gunachandra:{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=153}}

* The first quotation features Ramagupta talking to his younger brother Chandragupta. Chandragupta is ready to go to the enemy camp disguised as the queen Dhruva-svamini, who overhears this conversation, but misunderstands it to interpret that Ramagupta is in love with another woman and is ready to abandon her.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=153}}
* The second quotation, taken from the Act IV of the play, mentions Chandragupta's love affair with a courtesan called Madhavasena.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=153}}
* The third quotation describes the plight of the queen Dhruvadevi (alias Dhruva-samini), when she becomes aware that her husband has decided to surrender her to the enemy.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=153}}
* The fourth quotation is a single verse in which Chandragputa flirts with Madhavasena using vulgar language. The authors of ''Natya-darpana'' state that such vulgar language is allowed when the heroine is a courtesan.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=153}}
* The fifth quotation, taken from the Act II, repeats some content from the first quotation. It describes that Ramagupta had agreed to surrender his queen to the [[Saka|Shaka]] king. Chandragupta wants to go to the enemy camp disguised as the queen, and kill the enemy. However, Ramagupta tells Chandragupta, "Abide by my words, I dare not abandon you for my love for you is too strong. I have decided to give away the queen like a straw." Dhruvadevi overhears this conversation, and thinks that Ramagupta is addressing another woman.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|pp=153-154}}
* The sixth quotation, taken from Act V, describes the moon ("''Chandra''") entering the mansion of the sky after having destroyed the darkness (that is, Chandragupta's entering the palace after having destroyed his enemies). Chandragupta, who was feigning insanity, trying to conceal his love-sickness, and slightly fearful of the enemy, exits the stage to proceed to the palace.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=154}}

=== Bhoja's works ===

Three passages from the play appear in [[Bhoja]]'s ''[[Shringara-Prakasha]]'' and ''Sarasvati-kanthabharana''.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=154}}

* The first passage, from ''Shringara-Prakasha'', mentions that Chandragupta, disguised as a woman, went to the enemy camp in Alipura, to kill the ''Shakapati'' (the [[Saka|Shaka]] lord).{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=154}}{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=112}}
* In the second passage, also from ''Shringara-Prakasha'', the clown (''vidushaka'') tries to dissuade Chandragupta from going to the enemy camp, as he would be alone. Chandragputa dismisses his concern, declaring that for a brave man, being outnumbered doesn't matter.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=154}}{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=113}}
* The third passage, same as the fourth quotation featured in the ''Natya-darpana'', describes Chandragupta flirting with a lady. However, the lady's name is Vasanta-sena instead of Madhava-sena.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|pp=153-154}}

== ''Majmal-ut-Tawarikh'' adaptation ==

Abul Hasan Ali's ''Majmal-ut-Tawarikh'' (1026 CE / 417 [[Hijri year|AH]]) is the [[Persian language]] translation of an [[Arabic language]] book.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=116}} The Arabic work itself is a translation of an unspecified [[Sanskrit]] ("Hindwani") work. The text includes a story which appears to be based on the plot of ''Devichandraguptam''.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|pp=116-119}} The story is about two royal brothers, Rawwal and Barkamaris: Rawwal succeeds their father as the king, and takes a princess who is attracted to Barkarmaris. When an enemy king besieges Rawwal's fort and demands him to surrender the princess, Barkarmis and his soldiers enter the enemy camp disguised as women, and kill the enemy king and nobles. Rawwal's [[vizier|wazir]] Safar instigates him against Barkamaris, forcing Barkamaris to feign insanity and become a mendicant. Later, Barkarmis kills Rawwal, takes back the princess, and becomes the king. The character Rawwal seems to be based on [[Ramagupta]], and Barkamaris seems to be based on [[Chandragupta II]] alias Vikramaditya.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=118}}

=== Plot ===

After the death of king Ayand, his son Rasal succeeded him on the throne. Sometime later, a rebel usurped the throne, and expelled Rasal from the kingdom. Rasal migrated southwards, and established his authority there. He had two sons: Rawwal, who became the king after his death, and Barkamaris, who was very handsome and wise.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=116}}

A princess, who was famous for intelligence, was sought by all the [[Hindu king]]s and princes, but she was attracted only to Barkamaris. When Barkamaris brought her home, Rawwal took her and her [[handmaid]]s instead. Barkamaris believed that the princess had chosen him for his wisdom, and therefore, decided that there was nothing better than pursuing wisdom. Over time, he became exceptionally wise by devoting himself to studies and interacting with the learned people.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=116}}

Meanwhile, the rebel who had expelled Rasal heard about the princess, and invaded Rawwal's territory. Rawwal fled to a strong hill fortress, accompanied by his brothers and nobles, but the enemy besieged the fort. Facing a certain defeat, Rawwal decided to negotiate a peace treaty. The enemy demanded the princess as well as one girl from each of Rawwal's chiefs, stating that he would give these girls to his own officers. Rawwal's blind [[vizier|wazir]] (chief advisor) Safar advised him to surrender the women, and live to fight the enemy another day. Rawwal agreed to the suggestion, but then Barkamaris arrived, and requested to be allowed to propose an alternative.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=116}}

After being informed of all the facts, Barkarmis proposed that he and sons of Rawwal's chiefs enter the enemy camp disguised as women.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|pp=116-117}} Each youth would carry a concealed knife and trumpet. When the enemy king retires with Barkamaris (disguised as the princess), Barkamaris would kill him and sound the trumpet: on hearing this, the other youths would similarly kill the enemy chiefs, and blow their trumpets. On hearing these trumpets, Rawwal would attack the rival camp with his army, and exterminate the enemy forces.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=117}}

Rawwal agreed to the proposal, and the enemy was decisively defeated. As a result of this victory, Rawwal's power greatly increased. However, subsequently, the wazir Safar aroused the king's suspicions against Barkamaris, who feigned madness to escape the king's wrath.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=117}}

One hot day, Barkamaris — now disguised as a mendicant — came to the gate of Rawwal's palace, while wandering in the city. The palace was unguarded that day, and Barkamaris managed to enter it unopposed. He found Rawwal and the princess sitting on a throne, and sucking a [[sugarcane]]. Rawwal offered a sugarcane to the mendicant, who took it and started scraping it with a shell of the cane. When Rawwal saw this, he asked the princess to give the mendicant a knife to scrape the sugarcane. Barkarmis took the knife, and killed Rawwal with it, dragging the king off the throne.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=117}}

Barkarmis then called the wazir and other people, and seated himself on the throne, applauded by the people. He burnt Rawwal's body, and took back the princess. He asked the wazir to continue to govern the kingdom on his behalf, as the wazir did on Rawwal's behalf. However, the wazir declared that he was loyal to Rawwal, and decided to commit suicide by burning himself.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=117}}

Barkamaris asked the wazir to write a book on governance: the wazir agreed to this request, and wrote ''Adabu-l Muluk'' ("Instruction of Kings"), which was admired by all the nobles. The wazir then committed suicide, and Barkarmis expanded his power to gain control of entire India.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=118}}

== Historicity ==

The official records of the [[Gupta Empire|Gupta dynasty]] mention [[Chandragupta II]], but not [[Ramagupta]].{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=46}} Dhruvadevi's historicity is attested by her royal seal which describes her as the wife of Chandragupta and the mother of [[Govindagupta]].{{sfn|Romila Thapar|2013|p=359}}

Several modern historians believe that the play is based on true historical events. According to this theory, Ramagupta agreed to surrender his queen Dhruvadevi to the [[Indo-Scythians|Shaka]] king, alienating her as well as his subjects. However, Chandragupta heroically defeated the enemy, winning the admiration of the queen and the subjects. Chandragupta ultimately de-throned his brother, and married Dhruvadevi.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=48}} Historian [[Romila Thapar]] theorizes that the play may have been written in the Gupta court, possibly during the reign of Chandragupta's successors. The author's intention may have been to justify Chandragupta's unorthodox act of killing his elder brother and marrying his predecessor's wife.{{sfn|Romila Thapar|2013|p=358-359}}

The play's historicity is supported by the following evidence:

* Three Jain stone statues discovered at Durjanpur near [[Vidisha]] bear inscriptions that mention ''Maharajadhiraja'' Ramagupta. ''Maharajadhiraja'' is an imperial title, and the inscriptions are in the [[Gupta script|Gupta Brahmi]] script of 4th-5th centuries CE, which proves that Ramagupta was a historical Gupta emperor.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=158}}
* [[Bāṇabhaṭṭa|Bana]]'s ''[[Harshacharita]]'' (7th century) states that "Chandra-gupta, disguised in a woman's dress, murdered the Shaka chief who coveted another's wife".{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=48}} Bana mentions this incident while quoting examples from historical episodes.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=110}}
* Shankararya (c. 14th century{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=49}}), who wrote a commentary on Bana's work, elaborates that the Shaka chief coveted Dhruvadevi, the wife of Chandragupta's brother: Chandragupta disguised himself as Dhruvadevi, and accompanied by soldiers disguised as women, killed the Shaka chief secretly.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=48}}{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=111}}
* The 871 CE Sanjan copper-plate inscription of the [[Rashtrakuta]] ruler [[Amoghavarsha I]] contrasts him with the Gupta king, who despite his reputation for charity, killed his brother, and took away his brother's kingdom and wife. The inscription states that this Gupta king was a "despised donor", and falsely portrayed the gift of 100,000 as a gift of 1,000,000 in his documents (possibly a reference to Chandragupta's Mathura's inscription, which portrays him as the donor of 1,000,000 cows). It states that the glory of this Gupta king was "ashamed" before the glory of Amoghavarsha.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=120}}
* The 930 CE [[Khambhat]] inscription and the 933 CE [[Sangli]] inscriptions of the Rashtrakuta ruler [[Govinda IV]] state that he became ''Sahasanka'' ("valourous", an epithet of Chandragupta II) without being cruel towards his elder brother and without committing the evil deed of having intercourse with his elder brother's wife.{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|pp=120-122}}
* A doubtful reference occurs in [[Rajashekhara (Sanskrit poet)|Rajashekhara]]'s ''Kavya-mimamsa'' (c. 10th century), which states that king Sharmagupta (or Senagupta) gave his wife Dhruvasvamini to a [[Khasas|Khasa]] chief when besieged in the caves and forests of the Himalayas. While "Dhruvasvamini" can be explained as a variant of "Dhruvadevi", the name of her husband and his enemy are different in this text.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=48}}{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=111}}
* The [[Persian language|Persian]] text ''Majmal-ut Tawarikh'' appears to be based on ''Devichandraguptam'' ([[#Majmal-ut-Tawarikh adaptation|see above]]).{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|pp=116-117}}
* In the official Gupta genealogy, the kings are described as "meditating on the feet" of their fathers. However, in a departure from this convention, Chandragupta II is described as having been "accepted by his father"{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=46}} in his Mathura stone pillar inscription as well as [[Bihar]] and Bhitari inscriptions of [[Skandagupta]].{{sfn|Tej Ram Sharma|1989|p=105}} Scholars who believe the play to have a historical basis argue that this is a covert way of stating that his accession to the throne was contested.{{sfn|Romila Thapar|2013|p=357}}
* [[Chakrapani Datta]]'s commentary on ''[[Charaka Samhita]]'' refers to Chandragputa's murder of his brother.{{sfn|Ashvini Agrawal|1989|p=157}}

A few copper coins, bearing the legend "Ramaguta" (Prakrit form of "Ramagupta") have been found at [[Eran]] and Vidisha in [[Madhya Pradesh]]. Some scholars, such as K. D. Bajpai, have attributed these coins to the Gupta ruler Ramagupta.{{sfn|D.C. Sircar|2008|pp=226-227}} For example, Bajpai theorized that [[Samudragupta]] appointed his son Ramagupta as a governor in central India; Ramagupta was forced to stay there even after his father's death because of the war with the Shakas, and the events depicted in ''Devichandraguptam'' happened there. However, other scholars, such as historian [[D. C. Sircar]], have disputed the attribution of these coins to an imperial Gupta ruler. Sircar theorizes that the issuer of these coins was a local chief who imitated Gupta coinage; other chiefs with names ending in -gupta (such as Harigupta and Indragupta) are known to have issued similar coinage.{{sfn|D.C. Sircar|2008|pp=227-228}}

Arguments doubting the play's historicity include the following:

* ''Devichandraguptam'' is a play composed three or four centuries after the events described in it supposedly happened, and therefore, cannot be regarded as an authentic source of history.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=49}}
* The later sources that allude to the events described in ''Devichandraguptam'' may be based on the play itself, and thus, cannot be conclusively regarded as evidence corroborating the play's historicity. Even if we assume that Vishakhadatta lived in as late as the 7th century CE, Bana's ''Harsha-charita'' would remain the only known independent source that alludes to Chandragupta's killing of the Shaka chief. However, Bana doesn't mention Ramagupta or Dhruva-devi at all.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=49}}
* The events described in the play are "highly incredible" (in words of historian [[R. C. Majumdar]]). It is highly unlikely that the successor of a powerful king like Samudragupta was reduced to such dire situation that he was forced to surrender his wife to a Shaka king. It is also hard to believe that the Gupta ministers agreed to such dishonourable terms. Chandragupta's act of marrying the widow of his deceased brother is also not in accordance with the acceptable practices of the contemporary society.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|pp=50-51}}

According to historian R. C. Majumdar, the existence of emperor Ramagupta is proved by the inscriptions that mention him, but this does not necessarily confirm the historicity of the events described in ''Devichandraguptam''.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1981|p=51}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===

{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |author=A. K. Warder |author-link=Anthony Kennedy Warder |title=Indian Kavya Literature |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=10bVNjRwE_0C&pg=PA260 |year=1989 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0448-7 }}
* {{cite book |author=Ashvini Agrawal |title=Rise and Fall of the Imperial Guptas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hRjC5IaJ2zcC&pg=PA315 |year=1989 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0592-7 |page=315 }}
* {{cite book |author=D.C. Sircar |title=Studies in Indian Coins |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m1JYwP5tVQUC&pg=PA223 |year=2008 |orig-year=1968 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-2973-2 }}
* {{cite book |author=R. C. Majumdar |author-link=R. C. Majumdar |title=A Comprehensive History of India |volume=3, Part I: A.D. 300-985 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mRBuAAAAMAAJ |year=1981 |publisher=Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House |oclc=34008529 }}
* {{cite book |author=Romila Thapar |title=The Past Before Us |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aei9AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA357 |year=2013 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-72651-2 }}
* {{cite book |author=Sures Chandra Banerji |title=A Companion to Sanskrit Literature |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JkOAEdIsdUsC&pg=PA107 |year=1989 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0063-2 }}
* {{cite book |author=Tej Ram Sharma |title=A Political History of the Imperial Guptas: From Gupta to Skandagupta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fWVZWjNAcAgC |year=1989 |publisher=Concept |isbn=978-81-7022-251-4 }}
* {{cite book |author=Upinder Singh |title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pq2iCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA479 |year=2008 |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-81-317-1677-9 }}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Sanskrit plays]]
[[Category:1st-millennium literature]]
[[Category:Indian books]]
[[Category:Gupta Empire]]
[[Category:Works about monarchs]]
[[Category:Ancient Indian dramas]]

Jaynagar–Rourkela Express

2025-11-11T09:07:55Z

MHNNoella384131: article

{{no footnotes|date=May 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox rail service
| name = Jaynagar–Ranchi Express
| image =
| image_width =
| caption =
| type = [[Express trains in India|Express]]
| locale =
| first = {{start date and age|df=yes|2011|01|26}}
| last =
| operator = [[South Eastern Railway zone]]
| ridership =
| start = {{stnlnk|Jaynagar}} (JYG)
| stops = 17
| end = {{stnlnk|Ranchi Junction}} (RNC)
| distance = {{convert|640|km|0|abbr=on}}
| journeytime = 17h 0m
| frequency = Triweekly
| class = AC 2 Tier, AC 3Tier, Sleeper, General Unreserved
| seating = Yes
| sleeping = Yes
| autorack =
| catering = No
| observation = [[ICF coach]] with [[CBC Coupling]]
| entertainment = No
| baggage = No
| other facilities= Below the seats
| stock = 1
| gauge = {{track gauge|1676mm|al=on|allk=on}}
| electrification =
| trainnumber = 18605/18606
| speed = {{convert|38|km/h|0|abbr=on}}, including halts
| map =
| map_state =
}}

The '''Jaynagar–Ranchi Express''' is an [[Express trains in India|Express]] train belonging to [[South Eastern Railway zone]] that runs between {{stnlnk|Ranchi Junction}} and {{stnlnk|Jaynagar}} in India. It is currently being operated with 18605/18606 train numbers on triweekly basis

== Route and halts ==

The important halts of the train are:

* {{stnlnk|Jaynagar}}
* {{stnlnk|Madhubani}}
* {{stnlnk|Sakri Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Darbhanga Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Samastipur Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Barauni Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|kiul Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Jhajha}}
* {{stnlnk|Jasidih Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Dhanbad Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Chandrapura Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Bokaro Steel City}}
* {{stnlnk|Muri Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Ranchi Junction}}

==Coach composition==

The train has standard ICF rakes (CBC coupling) with max speed of 110 km/h. The train consists of 16 coaches:

* 5 General Unreserved
* 6 Sleeper
* 1 AC 2Tier
* 2 AC 3Tier
* 2 Seating cum Luggage Rake

The train reverses its direction 1 times:

* {{stnlnk|Asansol Junction}}

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-jaynagar-ranchi-express-18605/13986/1813/384
* https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-jaynagar-ranchi-express-18606/13986/1813/384

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jayanagar-Ranchi Express}}
[[Category:Transport in Jainagar]]
[[Category:Transport in Ranchi]]
[[Category:Express trains in India]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Bihar]]
[[Category:Railway services introduced in 2011]]
[[Category:South Eastern Railway zone]]

{{India-express-train-stub}}

Tirol, Hoogly

2025-11-06T12:03:16Z

MHNNoella384131: Creating New Details Needs Work

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Tirol
| official_name = Tirol
| settlement_type = Village
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India
| pushpin_mapsize = 250
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal,India
| mapframe = Yes
| mapframe-coordinates = {{coord|22.9829|N|87.8009|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Hoogly
| area_total_km2 = 7
| area_urban_km2 = 1
| area_rural_km2 = 6
| elevation_min_m = 2
| elevation_max_m = 10
| population_total = 4,523
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_est = 4,800
| pop_est_as_of = October 2025
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 713602<ref name="indiatvnews"/>
| area_code = 03451
| area_code_type = Telephone
| registration_plate = WB18,WB17
}}
'''Tirol''' is a village located in [[Arambag subdivision]] of [[Hooghly district|Hoogly]] in the Indian state of [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tirol Village {{!}} Map of Tirol Village in Arambag Tehsil, Hugli of West Bengal |url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/villages/west-bengal/hugli/arambag/tirol.html |access-date=2025-10-01 |website=www.mapsofindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pin Code: TIROL, HOOGHLY, WEST BENGAL, India, Pincode.net.in |url=https://pincode.net.in/WEST_BENGAL/HOOGHLY/T/TIROL |access-date=2025-10-01 |website=pincode.net.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.accuweather.com/en/in/tirol/3191177/weather-forecast/3191177|title=Weather forecast in tirol}}</ref><ref name="indiatvnews">{{Cite web |title=Tirol Pin Code {{!}} Postal Code (Zip Code) of Tirol, Hooghly, West Bengal, India |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/pincode/west-bengal/hooghly/tirol |access-date=2025-10-01 |website=India TV News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=District Statistics {{!}} Hooghly District, Government of West Bengal {{!}} India |url=https://hooghly.nic.in/district-stat/ |access-date=2025-10-01 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Languages spoken in Tirol
| value1 = 97
| label1 = Bengali
| color1 = Orange
| value2 = 2.9
| label2 = Santali
| color2 = Red
| value3 = 0.1
| label3 = Hindi
| color3 = Green
}}

[[Bengali language|Bengali]] is the most spoken language, followed by [[Santali language|Santali]] and [[Hindi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tirol Village Population - Arambag - Hugli, West Bengal |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/324242-tirol-west-bengal.html |access-date=2025-10-01 |website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Find My Government |url=https://findmygov.in/ |access-date=2025-10-01 |website=findmygov.in |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=West Bengal - Series 20 - Part XII B - District Census Handbook, Hugli |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1351}}</ref>
==Transport==
Public and private bus stands are available. The nearest railway station is [[Arambagh railway station]]. [[Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport]] in Andal is the nearest.

==Education==
[[Tirol High School]] opened in tirol in the 1960s.

==Fauna==
Animals such as [[Indian pariah dog]], [[Indian Buffalo]], [[Indian cow]], [[Bengal fox]], [[Indian palm squirrel]], and [[Semnopithecus|Gray Langur]] are found there.<ref>{{Cite web |title= District Survey Report of Hooghly District (For Mining of Minor Minerals)|publisher=Department of Industry, Commerce & Enterprises, Government of West Bengal|url=http://dmm.gov.in/pdfs/DSR/DSR_Hooghly.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329172632/http://dmm.gov.in/pdfs/DSR/DSR_Hooghly.pdf |archive-date=2025-03-29|date=November 2022 |access-date=2025-10-01 |website=dmm.gov.in |url-status=live }}</ref>

Birds such as [[Common kingfisher]], [[White-throated kingfisher]], [[Rock dove]], [[House crow]], and [[Indian pond heron]] are found there.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Birds list in hoogly district |url=https://ebird.org/region/IN-WB-HG |access-date=2025-10-01 |website=ebird.org}}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}
{{Hooghly District}}

[[Category:Villages in Hooghly district]]