https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=LHist2021Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]2026-08-04T20:27:00ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=MS_Dhoni&diff=434833MS Dhoni2023-10-13T21:44:29Z<p>LHist2021: MSD isn't a nickname, it's an abbreviation</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian cricketer (born 1981)}}<br />
{{Redirect|Dhoni}}<br />
<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2012}}<br />
{{Infobox cricketer<br />
|name = MS Dhoni<br />
|image = MS Dhoni 2016.jpg<br />
|caption = Dhoni in 2016<br />
|fullname = Mahendra Singh Dhoni<br />
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1981|7|7|df=y}}<br />
|birth_place = [[Ranchi]], [[Bihar]] (present-day [[Jharkhand]]), India<br />
|nickname = Mahi, Thala<br />
|heightm = 1.75<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/player/ms-dhoni|title=MS Dhoni}}</ref><br />
|batting = Right-handed<br />
|bowling = Right-arm [[Pace bowling|medium]]<br />
|role = [[Wicket-keeper-batter]]<br />
|international = true<br />
|internationalspan = 2004–2019<br />
|country = India<br />
|testdebutdate = 2 December<br />
|testdebutyear = 2005<br />
|testdebutagainst = Sri Lanka<br />
|testcap = 251<br />
|lasttestdate = 26 December<br />
|lasttestyear = 2014<br />
|lasttestagainst = Australia<br />
|odidebutdate = 23 December<br />
|odidebutyear = 2004<br />
|odidebutagainst = Bangladesh<br />
|odicap = 158<br />
|lastodidate = 9 July<br />
|lastodiyear = 2019<br />
|lastodiagainst = New Zealand<br />
|odishirt = 7<br />
|T20Idebutdate = 1 December<br />
|T20Idebutyear = 2006<br />
|T20Idebutagainst = South Africa<br />
|T20Icap = 2<br />
|lastT20Iagainst = Australia<br />
|lastT20Idate = 27 February<br />
|lastT20Iyear = 2019<br />
|T20Ishirt = 7<br />
|club1 = [[Bihar cricket team|Bihar]]<br />
|year1 = 1999/00–2003/04<br />
|club2 = [[Jharkhand cricket team|Jharkhand]]<br />
|year2 = {{nowrap|2004/05–2016/17}}<br />
|club3 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]<br />
|year3 = 2008–2015<br />
|clubnumber3 = 7<br />
|club4 = [[Rising Pune Supergiant]]<br />
|year4 = 2016–2017<br />
|clubnumber4 = 7<br />
|club5 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]<br />
|year5 = 2018–present<br />
|clubnumber5 = 7<br />
|columns = 4<br />
|column1 = [[Test cricket|Test]]<br />
|matches1 = 90<br />
|runs1 = 4,876<br />
|bat avg1 = 38.09<br />
|100s/50s1 = 6/33<br />
|top score1 = 224<br />
|deliveries1 = 96<br />
|wickets1 = 0<br />
|bowl avg1 = –<br />
|fivefor1 = –<br />
|tenfor1 = –<br />
|best bowling1 = –<br />
|catches/stumpings1 = 256/38<br />
|column2 = [[One Day International|ODI]]<br />
|matches2 = 350<br />
|runs2 = 10,773<br />
|bat avg2 = 50.53<br />
|100s/50s2 = 10/73<br />
|top score2 = 183[[not out|*]]<br />
|deliveries2 = 36<br />
|wickets2 = 1<br />
|bowl avg2 = 31.00<br />
|fivefor2 = 0<br />
|tenfor2 = 0<br />
|best bowling2 = 1/14<br />
|catches/stumpings2 = 321/123<br />
|column3 = [[Twenty20 International|T20I]]<br />
|matches3 = 98<br />
|runs3 = 1,617<br />
|bat avg3 = 37.60<br />
|100s/50s3 = 0/2<br />
|top score3 = 56<br />
|deliveries3 = –<br />
|wickets3 = –<br />
|bowl avg3 = –<br />
|fivefor3 = –<br />
|tenfor3 = –<br />
|best bowling3 = –<br />
|catches/stumpings3 = 57/34<br />
|column4 = [[Twenty20 cricket|T20]]<br />
|matches4 = 361<br />
|runs4 = 7,167<br />
|bat avg4 = 38.12<br />
|100s/50s4 = 0/28<br />
|top score4 = 84[[not out|*]]<br />
|deliveries4 = 12<br />
|wickets4 = 0<br />
|bowl avg4 = –<br />
|fivefor4 = –<br />
|tenfor4 = –<br />
|best bowling4 = –<br />
|catches/stumpings4 = 207/84<br />
|source = http://www.cricinfo.com/india/content/player/28081.html ESPNcricinfo<br />
|date = 16 March<br />
|year = 2023<br />
| medaltemplates = <!--MENTION HOST NATIONS FOR TEAM SPORTS-->{{MedalSport|Men's [[Cricket]]}}<br />
{{MedalCountry|{{cr|IND}}}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[Cricket World Cup|ICC ODI World Cup]]}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2011 Cricket World Cup|2011 India–Bangladesh–Sri Lanka]]|}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[ICC T20 World Cup]]}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2007 ICC World Twenty20|2007 South Africa]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|RU|[[2014 ICC World Twenty20|2014 Bangladesh]]|}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[ICC Champions Trophy]]}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2013 ICC Champions Trophy|2013 England and Wales]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|RU|[[2017 ICC Champions Trophy|2017 England and Wales]]|}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[Asia Cup|ACC Asia Cup]]}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2010 Asia Cup|2010 Sri Lanka]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2016 Asia Cup|2016 Bangladesh]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2018 Asia Cup|2018 UAE]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|RU|[[2008 Asia Cup|2008 Pakistan]]|}}<br />
<br />
| module = {{Infobox person|embed=yes<br />
| signature = MS Dhoni signature.png<br />
| signature_alt = }}<br />
|family=Sakshi Dhoni (wife)}}<br />
<br />
'''Mahendra Singh Dhoni''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=Mahendra Singh Dhoni.ogg|m|ə|ˈ|h|eɪ|n|d|r|ə|_|ˈ|s|ɪ|ŋ|_|d|h|æ|ˈ|n|ɪ}}; born 7 July 1981) is an [[Cricketer|Indian professional cricketer,]] who plays as a wicket-keeper-batsman. He was the captain of the [[India national cricket team|Indian national team]] in limited-overs formats from 2007 to 2017 and in Test cricket from 2008 to 2014. He plays for and captains [[Chennai Super Kings]] franchise in the [[Indian Premier League]].<br />
<br />
Born in [[Ranchi]], [[Bihar]] (now in [[Jharkhand]]),<ref name="Dinakar">{{cite news |title=Interview – M. S. Dhoni |first=S. |last=Dinakar |url=http://www.tssonnet.com/tss2849/stories/20051203001202300.htm |department=Sportstar |work=The Hindu|volume=28 |issue=49 |date=9 December 2005 |access-date=30 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220163914/http://www.tssonnet.com/tss2849/stories/20051203001202300.htm |archive-date=20 February 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Sandhu">{{Cite news |last=Sandhu |first=Veenu |date=2011-04-30 |title=A village in Kumaon |work=Business Standard India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/a-village-in-kumaon-111043000027_1.html |access-date=2022-07-11}}</ref> His exceptional wicketkeeping skills allowed him to become the regular wicketkeeper at the Commando Cricket Club (1995–1998), he was picked for the 1997/98 season [[Vinoo Mankad Trophy]] Under-16 Championship, where he performed well.<ref name="dhonipersonal" /> From 2001 to 2003, He worked as a [[Conductor (rail)|Travelling Ticket Examiner]] at [[Kharagpur railway station]] under South Eastern Railway in [[Midnapore]], in [[West Bengal]].<ref name="Dhoni: The Kharagpur story">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/dhoni-the-kharagpur-story/cid/1497897|title=Dhoni: The Kharagpur story|website=www.telegraphindia.com|access-date=5 May 2019|archive-date=5 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505043705/https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/dhoni-the-kharagpur-story/cid/1497897|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="The Dhoni files">{{cite web|url=https://ahmedabadmirror.indiatimes.com/others/sunday-read/The-Dhoni-files/articleshow/37526959.cms|title=The Dhoni files|website=Ahmedabad Mirror|access-date=5 May 2019|archive-date=27 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127164822/https://ahmedabadmirror.indiatimes.com/others/sunday-read/The-Dhoni-files/articleshow/37526959.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> <br />
In Indian domestic cricket he played for [[Bihar cricket team|Bihar]] and then for [[Jharkhand cricket team|Jharkhand Cricket team.]] Dhoni's performance in the 2002–03 season included three half-centuries in the [[Ranji Trophy]] and a couple of half-centuries in the [[Deodhar Trophy]], as he started gaining recognition for his lower-order contribution as well as hard-hitting batting style.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023|reason=Can you give a single reliable source, where MS Dhoni's hard hitting batting skills discussed before he debuted for India A or senior team?}}<br />
<br />
Dhoni made his ODI debut on 23 December 2004, against [[Bangladesh national cricket team|Bangladesh]] in [[Chittagong]],<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 December 2021 |title=On This Day, 2004: MS Dhoni Made His International Debut |work=NDTVSports |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/on-this-day-2004-ms-dhoni-made-his-international-debut-2666842}}</ref> and played his first Test a year later against [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 October 2021 |title=On This Day In 2005: MS Dhoni Registered His Highest ODI Score |work=NDTVSports |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/on-this-day-in-2005-dhoni-registered-his-highest-odi-score-2594379}}</ref> He played his first T20I also a year later against [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 August 2019 |title=MS Dhoni unlikely to be selected for India's T20I home series against South Africa |work=The Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ms-dhoni-unlikely-selected-t20i-series-india-south-africa-5944800/}}</ref> In 2007, he succeeded [[Rahul Dravid]] as ODI captain of team India, later in the year he got appointed as its T20I captain.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=Santosh |date=5 January 2017 |title=Captain Cool of Indian Cricket! There Will Never Be Another MS Dhoni |work=NDTVSports |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/captain-cool-of-indian-cricket-there-will-never-be-another-ms-dhoni-1645380}}</ref> In 2008, he was selected as Test captain.<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 April 2013 |title=Tendulkar, Dravid proposed Dhoni's name as India skipper, reveals Vengsarkar |work=NDTVSports |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/tendulkar-dravid-proposed-dhonis-name-as-india-skipper-reveals-vengsarkar-1537655}}</ref> His captaincy record in Tests format was mixed, successfully leading India to a series win against New Zealand in 2008 and the [[Border-Gavaskar Trophy]] (home series in 2010 and 2013) against Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=14 November 2008 |title=I see a lot of myself in Dhoni: Ganguly |work=NDTVSports |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/i-see-a-lot-of-myself-in-dhoni-ganguly-1602463}}</ref> In other formats, Dhoni is the first cricketer to be a winning captain of all three major ICC trophies, as under his captaincy, India won the [[2007 ICC World Twenty20]], the [[2011 Cricket World Cup|2011 World Cup]], and the [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy]], the most by any captain. He also led India to victory in the [[2010 Asia Cup|2010]] and [[2016 Asia Cup|2016]] [[Asia Cup]]. Additionally, under his leadership, [[India national cricket team|India]] won the 2010 and 2011 [[International Cricket Council|ICC]] Test Mace and 2013 [[International Cricket Council|ICC]] ODI Championship. He has scored 17,266 runs in [[International Cricket]] (including 10,000 plus runs in ODI Internationals).<br />
<br />
He is the captain of [[Chennai Super Kings]] (CSK) franchise in the [[Indian Premier League]] (IPL), leading them to the final on 10 occasions and winning in the [[2010 Indian Premier League|2010]], [[2011 Indian Premier League|2011]], [[2018 Indian Premier League|2018]], [[2021 Indian Premier League|2021]] and [[2023 Indian Premier League|2023]] editions of the league, as well as winning the [[Champions League T20]] two times, in [[2010 Champions League Twenty20|2010]] and [[2014 Champions League Twenty20|2014]]. He is the 7th cricketer have scored more than 5,000 runs in the IPL, as well as being the first [[wicket-keeper]] to do so.<br />
<br />
Dhoni received India's highest sport award, the [[Khel Ratna Award|Major Dhyanchand Khel Ratna Award]] in 2008, for his extraordinary performance at the international level in the sport and the [[Government of India]] bestowed him by country's fourth highest civilian award [[Padma Shri]] in 2009 and third highest civilian award [[Padma Bhushan]] in 2018. He is the only cricket captain in the world to win all three of the major ICC trophies, under his captaincy India won the [[2011 Cricket World Cup|2011 ICC World Cup,]] the [[2007 ICC World Twenty20|2007 T20I World Cup]] and the [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy|2013 ICC champions trophy]]. Dhoni holds an [[honorary rank]] of [[Lieutenant colonel|Lieutenant Colonel]] in the [[Parachute Regiment (India)|Parachute Regiment]] of the [[Territorial Army (India)|Indian Territorial Army]],<ref name="Saharoy">{{cite web|last=Saharoy|first=Shilarze|date=7 July 2021|title=Indian army veteran says the armed forces might have missed out on a good officer in Mahendra Singh Dhoni|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/off-the-field/indian-army-veteran-says-the-armed-forces-might-have-missed-out-on-a-good-officer-in-mahendra-singh-dhoni/articleshow/76829739.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:https://m.timesofindia.com/sports/off-the-field/indian-army-veteran-says-the-armed-forces-might-have-missed-out-on-a-good-officer-in-mahendra-singh-dhoni/amp_articleshow/76829739.cms|archive-date=7 July 2021|access-date=23 August 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> it was presented to him by the [[Indian Army]] in 2011 for his service to the nation as a sportsperson.<ref name="The Hindu">{{Cite news|date=31 July 2019|title=What you need to know about Dhoni's stint with the Indian Territorial Army|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-indian-territorial-army/article28769059.ece|access-date=23 August 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He is considered one of the most popular cricketers in the world.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/ipl/top-stories/dhonis-popularity-in-india-has-surpassed-tendulkar-and-kohlis-feels-gavaskar/articleshow/78208748.cms Dhoni's popularity in India has surpassed Tendulkar and Kohli's, feels Gavaskar], [[The Times of India]], Sep 19, 2020</ref> His biopic ''[[M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story]]'' was released in 2016.<ref name=":5" /><br />
<br />
He announced his retirement from Tests on 30 December 2014,<ref>{{cite news |date=30 December 2014 |title=Dhoni retires from Test cricket |publisher=ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ms-dhoni-retires-from-test-cricket-814975 |url-status=live |access-date=30 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718115929/http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/story/814975.html |archive-date=18 July 2018}}</ref> and stepped down as captain of T20Is and ODIs in 2017. On 15 August 2020, Mahendra Singh Dhoni retired from all formats of international cricket but continues to play in the [[Indian Premier League]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=24 March 2022 |title=सीएसके चे नेतृत्व रविंद्र जडेजा कडे |trans-title=Leadership of CSK handed over to Ravindra Jadeja. |edition=Jalgaon |pages=1–2 |work=[[Lokmat]] |location=Mumbai |url=http://epaper.lokmat.com/main-editions/Jalgaon%20Main/-1/12 |access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=15 August 2020 |title=MS Dhoni retires from all international cricket |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/1281004#:~:text=Former%20India%20captain%20Mahendra%20Singh,his%20retirement%20from%20international%20cricket.&text=The%20BCCI%20later%20confirmed%20in,to%20feature%20in%20the%20IPL |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101022148/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/1281004#:~:text=Former%20India%20captain%20Mahendra%20Singh,his%20retirement%20from%20international%20cricket.&text=The%20BCCI%20later%20confirmed%20in,to%20feature%20in%20the%20IPL. |archive-date=1 January 2021 |access-date=16 November 2020 |website=International Cricket Council}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Early life and background ==<br />
Dhoni was born in [[Ranchi]], [[Bihar]] (now in [[Jharkhand]]) and hails from a [[Hindu]] [[Rajput]] family to parents from [[Uttarakhand]].<ref name="Dinakar"/><ref name="Sandhu"/> He is the youngest of three children of Pan Singh and Devaki Devi.<ref>{{cite web|title=MS Dhoni's mother and father test positive for Covid-19, admitted to private hospital in Ranchi|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/sports/cricket/story/ms-dhoni-mother-covid-19-positive-devaki-father-pan-singh-ranchi-hospital-1793320-2021-04-21|access-date=17 October 2021|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Players and Officials – MS Dhoni|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/india/content/player/28081.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212192116/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/india/content/player/28081.html|archive-date=12 February 2009|access-date=4 August 2008|work=Cricinfo}}</ref><ref>[http://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/news/item/202092-ms-dhonis-sister-to-convey-schools-best-wishes MS Dhoni's sister to convey school's best wishes | India vs England 2012 – News | NDTVSports.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703181230/https://sports.ndtv.com/|date=3 July 2021}}. Sports.ndtv.com (17 January 2013). Retrieved on 23 December 2013.</ref><ref name="dhonipersonal">{{cite web|date=29 April 2006|title=Ranchi rocker|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060429/saturday/main1.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410141511/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060429/saturday/main1.htm|archive-date=10 April 2021|access-date=12 May 2007|work=The Tribune|location=India}}</ref> His paternal village Lwali, is in Jainti Tehsil, Lamgara block of the [[Almora District]] of [[Uttarakhand]].<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">{{cite web|author=Arpita Chakrabarty|date=1 October 2016|title=Dhoni: In Uttarakhand, MS Dhoni's village still awaits road, medicines|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/in-uttarakhand-ms-dhonis-village-still-awaits-road-medicines/articleshow/54613266.cms|access-date=17 October 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> His parents moved from [[Uttarakhand]] to [[Ranchi]], [[Jharkhand]] where his father worked as a pump operator in junior management position in [[MECON Limited|MECON Colony]] situated in Doranda area in Ranchi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mishra |first=Rashmi |date=30 April 2017 |title=Mahendra Singh Dhoni New Home in Ranchi: Dhoni and Family shifted to farmhouse Kailashpati on Akshaya Tritiya |work=India.com |url=https://www.india.com/viral/mahendra-singh-dhoni-new-home-in-ranchi-dhoni-and-family-shifted-to-farm-house-kailashpati-on-akshaya-tritiya-2084229/amp/}}</ref> Unlike Dhoni, his uncle and cousins spell their surname "Dhauni".<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com" /><br />
<br />
Previously Dhoni was the [[Goalkeeper (association football)|goalkeeper]] for his DAV Jawahar Vidya Mandir school's football team,<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 December 2010 |title=Win us the World Cup Mahi: Dhoni's school coach |work=The Indian Express |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/win-us-the-world-cup-mahi-dhonis-school-coach/725663/0}}</ref> but after seeing his goalkeeping skills, coach Keshav Ranjan Banerjee, one who inspired Dhoni to be a cricketer, picked him to play cricket for his school team.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ray |first=Shantanu Guha |date=31 December 2014 |title=How Captain Cool MS Dhoni learnt to give up football and take to cricket |work=Scroll.in |url=https://scroll.in/article/697982/how-captain-cool-ms-dhoni-learnt-to-give-up-football-and-take-to-cricket}}</ref> His exceptional wicketkeeping skills allowed him to become the regular wicketkeeper at the Commando Cricket Club (1995–1998). Based on his performance at club cricket, he was picked for the 1997/98 season Vinoo Mankad Trophy Under-16 Championship, where he performed well.<ref name="dhonipersonal" /><br />
<br />
From 2001 to 2003, Dhoni worked as a [[Conductor (rail)|Travelling Ticket Examiner]] (TTE) at [[Kharagpur railway station]] under South Eastern Railway in [[Midnapore]] (W), a district in [[West Bengal]].<ref name="Dhoni: The Kharagpur story"/><ref name="The Dhoni files"/><br />
<br />
== Early career ==<br />
<br />
=== Junior cricket in Bihar ===<br />
In 1998, Dhoni was selected by Deval Sahay, a former Bihar Cricket Association Vice President and Ranchi District Cricket President, to play for the [[Central Coalfields Limited|Central Coal Fields Limited]] (CCL) team.<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/news/dhoniland-erupts-in-joy-after-historic-win/280233/ "Man of the moment"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703181232/https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/dhoni-land-erupts-in-joy-after-historic-win/ |date=3 July 2021 }}. [[India Today]], 3 October 2007. Retrieved 4 October 2013.</ref> Till 1998 Dhoni, who was in 12th grade, had never played professional cricket. At CCL, he got an opportunity to bat higher up the order, where he performed exceptionally, which had helped CCL move to the A division.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/300-odis-where-d-stands-for-dhoni/cid/1359649 | title=300 ODIs, where D stands for Dhoni | access-date=27 September 2019 | archive-date=27 September 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927061134/https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/jharkhand/300-odis-where-d-stands-for-dhoni/cid/1359649 | url-status=live }}</ref> Deval Sahay, impressed by his performance, pushed for his selection in the Bihar team.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/hindi/sport-38521586|title=जब छात्र धोनी के लिए बनाई गई टीम|first=देवल|last=सहाय|date=6 January 2017|newspaper=BBC News हिंदी|access-date=5 May 2019|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806081043/https://www.bbc.com/hindi/sport-38521586|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni moved to the Ranchi team, the junior Bihar cricket team and eventually the senior [[Bihar cricket team|Bihar Ranji Team]] within one year.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/fortune-changed-not-the-man/cid/403427 | title=Fortune changed, not the man | access-date=27 September 2019 | archive-date=5 August 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805091934/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/fortune-changed-not-the-man/cid/403427 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://caravanmagazine.in/reportage/sun-and-shadow | title=The decade of Mahendra Singh Dhoni | access-date=27 September 2019 | archive-date=8 May 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508151854/https://caravanmagazine.in/reportage/sun-and-shadow | url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
In the 1998–99 Cooch Behar Trophy, Dhoni played for the U-19 Bihar team and scored 176 runs in 5 matches (7 innings). However, Bihar finished fourth in the group of six and did not make it to the quarter-finals. Dhoni was not picked for the East Zone U-19 squad ([[C. K. Nayudu|CK Nayudu]] Trophy) or Rest of India squad (MA Chidambaram Trophy and [[Vinoo Mankad Trophy]]). In the 1999–2000 Cooch Behar Trophy, the Bihar U-19 cricket team made it to the finals, where Dhoni's 84 helped Bihar post a total of 357.<ref name=":5">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/top-stories/Dhoni-biopic-MS-Dhoni-untold-story-Yuvraj-Singhs-358-run-knock-in-MS-Dhoni-biopic-actually-happened-Sushant-Singh-Rajput/articleshow/54714879.cms|title=Yuvraj Singh's 358-run knock in MS Dhoni biopic actually happened|website=The Times of India|date=6 October 2016 |access-date=5 May 2019|archive-date=22 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722011532/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/top-stories/Dhoni-biopic-MS-Dhoni-untold-story-Yuvraj-Singhs-358-run-knock-in-MS-Dhoni-biopic-actually-happened-Sushant-Singh-Rajput/articleshow/54714879.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> Nevertheless, Bihar's efforts were thwarted by [[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab's]] 839 with Dhoni's future teammate [[Yuvraj Singh]] making 358.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/CB/KNOCK-OUTS/BIHAR-U19_PNJB-U19_CB-FINAL_16-19DEC1999.html|title=Scorecard: Cooch Behar Trophy Final 1999/2000 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=13 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013204911/http://ind.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/CB/KNOCK-OUTS/BIHAR-U19_PNJB-U19_CB-FINAL_16-19DEC1999.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cooch Behar 1999/00 (Final) – Bihar Under-19 v Punjab Under-19|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/119/119688.html|access-date=12 February 2017|archive-date=18 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418081159/https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/119/119688.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni's contribution in the tournament included 488 runs (9 matches, 12 innings), 5 fifties, 17 catches and 7 stumpings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/CB/STATS/IND_LOCAL_CB_AVS_BIHAR-U19.html|title=Statistics: Bihar Squad U-19 Cooch Behar Trophy Averages|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=6 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506110730/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/CB/STATS/IND_LOCAL_CB_AVS_BIHAR-U19.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni made it to the East Zone U-19 squad for the CK Nayudu trophy in the 1999–2000 season but scored only 97 runs in four matches, as East Zone lost all four matches and finished last in the tournament.<ref>{{cite web|title=East Zone Squad|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/NAYUDU/SQUADS/NAYUDU_1999-2000_EAST-SQUAD.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212170441/http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/NAYUDU/SQUADS/NAYUDU_1999-2000_EAST-SQUAD.html|archive-date=12 February 2017|access-date=12 February 2017|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CK Nayudu Trophy, 1999–2000 – Points Table|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/NAYUDU/NAYUDU_1999-2000_TABLE.html|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|access-date=12 February 2017|archive-date=12 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212170524/http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/NAYUDU/NAYUDU_1999-2000_TABLE.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CK Nayudu Trophy 1999/00 Batting – Most Runs|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/NAYUDU/STATS/IND_LOCAL_NAYUDU_AVS_BAT_MOST_RUNS.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212170729/http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/U19/NAYUDU/STATS/IND_LOCAL_NAYUDU_AVS_BAT_MOST_RUNS.html|archive-date=12 February 2017|access-date=12 February 2017|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Bihar cricket team ===<br />
{{Further|2001–02 Ranji Trophy}}<br />
Dhoni made his [[Ranji Trophy]] debut for Bihar in the 1999–2000 season, as an eighteen-year-old. He made a half century in his debut match scoring 68* in the second innings against [[Assam cricket team]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/EAST/BIHAR_ASSAM_RJI-E_12-15JAN2000.html|title=Scorecard: Assam v/s Bihar 1999/2000 Ranji Trophy Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=13 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013204034/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1999-2000/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/EAST/BIHAR_ASSAM_RJI-E_12-15JAN2000.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni finished the season with 283 runs in 5 matches. Dhoni scored his maiden first-class century while playing for Bihar against [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]] in the 2000/01 season.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/2000-01/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/EAST/BENG_BIHAR_RJI-E_03-06JAN2001.html|title=Scorecard:Bihar v/s Bengal Ranji Trophy 2000/01 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=18 May 2007|archive-date=13 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013204917/http://ind.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/2000-01/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/EAST/BENG_BIHAR_RJI-E_03-06JAN2001.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Apart from this century, his performance in the 2000/01 season<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/2000-01/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/EAST/STATS/IND_LOCAL_RJI-E_AVS_BIHAR.html|title=Statistics: 2000/01 Bihar Squad Ranji Trophy Averages|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=6 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506103731/http://ind.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/2000-01/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/EAST/STATS/IND_LOCAL_RJI-E_AVS_BIHAR.html|url-status=live}}</ref> did not include another score over fifty and in the 2001/02 season, he scored just five fifties in four Ranji matches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/2001-02/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/EAST/STATS/IND_LOCAL_RJI-E_AVS_BIHAR.html|title=Statistics: 2001/02 Bihar Squad Ranji Trophy Averages|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=6 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506103736/http://ind.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/2001-02/IND_LOCAL/RANJI/EAST/STATS/IND_LOCAL_RJI-E_AVS_BIHAR.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Jharkhand cricket team ===<br />
Dhoni's performance in the 2002–03 season included three half-centuries in the Ranji Trophy and a couple of half-centuries in the Deodhar Trophy, as he started gaining recognition for his lower-order contribution as well as hard-hitting batting style. In the 2003/04 season, Dhoni scored a century (128*) against Assam in the first match of the [[Vijay Hazare Trophy|Ranji ODI]] tournament. Dhoni was part of the [[East Zone cricket team|East Zone]] squad that won the [[Deodhar Trophy]] 2003–2004 season<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/records/engine/series/431939.html|title=Results &#124; Deodhar Trophy, 2003/04 &#124; ESPNcricinfo.com|website=Cricinfo|access-date=5 October 2016|archive-date=5 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905205006/http://www.espncricinfo.com/records/engine/series/431939.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/left-out-dhoni-eyes-african-safari/cid/740635|title=Left-out Dhoni eyes African safari|website=www.telegraphindia.com|access-date=5 May 2019|archive-date=5 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505043704/https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/jharkhand/left-out-dhoni-eyes-african-safari/cid/740635|url-status=live}}</ref> and contributed with 244 runs in 4 matches,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=5582;team=1741;type=tournament|title=Deodhar Trophy East Zone|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122191838/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=5582%3Bteam%3D1741%3Btype%3Dtournament|archive-date=22 November 2016}}</ref> including a century (114) against Central zone.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8737/scorecard/431948/east-zone-vs-central-zone-deodhar-trophy-2003-04|title=Full Scorecard of East Zone vs Central Zone, Deodhar Trophy, Innings – Score Report &#124; ESPNcricinfo.com|website=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=5 May 2019|archive-date=5 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505043705/http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8737/scorecard/431948/east-zone-vs-central-zone-deodhar-trophy-2003-04|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the Duleep Trophy finals, Dhoni was picked over international cricketer [[Deep Dasgupta]] to represent East Zone.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/139724.html|title=Pitching it right, and some old familiar faces|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=4 March 2004|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012214841/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/139724.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He scored a fighting half-century in the second innings in a losing cause.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2003-04/IND_LOCAL/DULEEP/SCORECARDS/EAST_NORTH_DULEEP_04-08MAR2004.html|title=Scorecard: Duleep Trophy Final 2003/2004 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=13 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013204420/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2003-04/IND_LOCAL/DULEEP/SCORECARDS/EAST_NORTH_DULEEP_04-08MAR2004.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni's talent was discovered via the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]]'s small-town talent-spotting initiative [[Talent Resource Development Wing|TRDW]]. Dhoni was discovered by TRDO<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dinakar|first=S.|date=9 June 2015|title=TRDO — a system that unearthed Dhoni, Ishant and Raina — gets a thumbs up|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/trdo-a-system-that-unearthed-dhoni-ishant-and-raina-gets-a-thumbs-up/article7298917.ece|access-date=28 October 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> [[Prakash Poddar]], captain of [[Cricket Association of Bengal|Bengal]] in the 1960s, when he saw Dhoni play for [[Jharkhand]] at a match in [[Jamshedpur]] in 2003, and sent a report to the [[National Cricket Academy]].<ref name="Mirror">{{cite web|url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/ml.asp?Ref=TU1JUi8yMDA4LzAzLzEzI0FyMDI2MDA=&Mode=HTML&Locale=english-skin-custom|title=Bring back the scouts|work=[[Mumbai Mirror]]|date=30 March 2008|access-date=8 April 2011|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074239/http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/ml.asp?Ref=TU1JUi8yMDA4LzAzLzEzI0FyMDI2MDA=&Mode=HTML&Locale=english-skin-custom|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== India A team ===<br />
He was recognised for his efforts in the 2003/04 season, especially in the One Day format and was picked for the [[India A]] squad for a tour of [[Zimbabwe cricket team|Zimbabwe]] and [[Kenya cricket team|Kenya]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/138530.html|title=Agarkar and Karthik dropped|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=7 July 2004|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012214836/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/138530.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Against the Zimbabwe XI in [[Harare Sports Club]], Dhoni had his best wicket-keeping effort with 7 catches and 4 stumpings in the match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004/IND-A_IN_ZIM/SCORECARDS/IND-A_ZIM-SEL-XI_29JUL-01AUG2004.html|title=Scorecard: Zimbabwe Select XI v India A 3rd Match Kenya Triangular Tournament 2004 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=13 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013204715/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004/IND-A_IN_ZIM/SCORECARDS/IND-A_ZIM-SEL-XI_29JUL-01AUG2004.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In the tri-nation tournament involving Kenya, India A and Pakistan A, Dhoni helped India A chase down their target of 223 against Pakistan A with a half-century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004/OTHERS/KTT/SCORECARDS/IND-A_PAK-A_KTT_13AUG2004.html|title=Scorecard:India A v Pakistan A 2004 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=21 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221092550/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004/OTHERS/KTT/SCORECARDS/IND-A_PAK-A_KTT_13AUG2004.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Continuing his good performance, he scored back to back centuries – 120<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004/OTHERS/KTT/SCORECARDS/IND-A_PAK-A_KTT_16AUG2004.html|title=Scorecard:India A v Pakistan A 6th Match Kenya Triangular Tournament 2004 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=6 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506103721/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004/OTHERS/KTT/SCORECARDS/IND-A_PAK-A_KTT_16AUG2004.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and 119*<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004/OTHERS/KTT/SCORECARDS/IND-A_PAK-A_KTT_19AUG2004.html|title=Scorecard:India A v Pakistan A 8th Match Kenya Triangular Tournament 2004 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=28 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028130449/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004/OTHERS/KTT/SCORECARDS/IND-A_PAK-A_KTT_19AUG2004.html|url-status=live}}</ref> – against the same team. Dhoni scored 362 runs in 6 innings at an average of 72.40 and his performance in the series received attention from the then [[Indian national cricket captain|Indian captain]] – Sourav Ganguly<ref name="GangulyWK" /> and Ravi Shastri, amongst others.<br />
<br />
== International career ==<br />
=== Start of ODI career ===<br />
The Indian ODI team in the early 2000s saw [[Rahul Dravid]] as the wicket-keeper to ensure that the wicket-keeper spot didn't lack in batting talent.<ref name="GangulyWK">{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/135231.html|title=Ganguly – 'We can pick up the momentum'|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=16 August 2004|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012214831/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/135231.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The team also saw the entry of wicket-keeper/batsmen from the junior ranks, with talents like [[Parthiv Patel]] and [[Dinesh Karthik]] (both [[Indian national cricket captains#Youth cricket|India U-19 captains]]) named in the Test squads.<ref name="GangulyWK" /> With Dhoni making a mark in the India A squad, he was picked in the ODI squad for the [[Indian cricket team in Bangladesh in 2004-05|Bangladesh tour in 2004/05]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/135596.html|title=Kumble opts out of one-dayers against Bangladesh|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=2 December 2004|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012215249/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/135596.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni did not have a great start to his ODI career, getting [[run out]] for a duck on debut.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_IN_BDESH/SCORECARDS/IND_BDESH_ODI1_23DEC2004.html|title=Scorecard:India v/s Bangladesh 1st ODI 2004/05 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=23 December 2004|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=19 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071219120333/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_IN_BDESH/SCORECARDS/IND_BDESH_ODI1_23DEC2004.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In spite of an average series against [[Bangladesh cricket team|Bangladesh]], Dhoni was picked for the Pakistan ODI series.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/146511.html|title=Kumble and Laxman omitted from one-day squad|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=2 December 2004|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012215254/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/146511.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Breakthrough ===<br />
In the second match of the [[Pakistani cricket team in India in 2004-05|series]], Dhoni, in his fifth one-day international, scored 148 in [[ACA-VDCA Stadium|Visakhapatnam]] off only 123 deliveries. Dhoni's 148 surpassed the earlier record for the highest score by an Indian wicket-keeper,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://in.rediff.com/cricket/2005/apr/06dhoni.htm|title=Highest scores by wicketkeepers|publisher=[[Rediff]]|date=6 April 2005|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=11 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100211000755/http://in.rediff.com/cricket/2005/apr/06dhoni.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> a record that he would re-write before the end of the year.<br />
<br />
Dhoni had few batting opportunities in the first two games of the [[Sri Lankan cricket team in India in 2005-06|Sri Lankan bilateral ODI series (October–November 2005)]] and was promoted to No. 3 in the third ODI at [[Sawai Mansingh Stadium]] ([[Jaipur]]). Sri Lanka had set India a target of 299 after a [[Kumar Sangakkara]] century and, in reply, India lost Tendulkar early. Dhoni was promoted to accelerate the scoring and ended the game with an unbeaten 183 off 145 balls, winning the game for India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/SL_IN_IND/SCORECARDS/SL_IND_ODI3_31OCT2005.html|title=Scorecard:Sri Lanka v/s India 3rd ODI 2005/06 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=31 October 2005|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=23 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923055729/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/SL_IN_IND/SCORECARDS/SL_IND_ODI3_31OCT2005.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The innings was described in [[Wisden Almanack]] (2006) as 'Uninhibited, yet anything but crude'.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/289060.html|title=Wisden Almanack: India v Sri Lanka, 2005–06|publisher=[[Wisden Almanack]]|access-date=13 May 2007|date=5 April 2007|archive-date=8 July 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120708024532/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/289060.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The innings set various [[Mahendra Singh Dhoni#Records|records]] including the highest individual score in ODI cricket in the second innings,<ref name="Dhoni183records">{{cite web |url=http://content-www.cricinfo.com/columns/content/story/223803.html | title=Dhoni's day in the sun | date=2 November 2005 | access-date=11 May 2007 | archive-date=12 October 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012225315/http://content-www.cricinfo.com/columns/content/story/223803.html | url-status=live }}</ref> a record only broken after seven years by [[Shane Watson]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/12944/scorecard/503364/bangladesh-vs-australia-2nd-odi-australia-tour-of-bangladesh-2011|title=Full Scorecard of Bangladesh vs Australia 2nd ODI 2011 – Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en|access-date=18 February 2019|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130084215/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/12944/scorecard/503364/bangladesh-vs-australia-2nd-odi-australia-tour-of-bangladesh-2011|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni ended the series with the highest run aggregate (346)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/SL_IN_IND/STATS/SL_IN_IND_OCT-DEC2005_ODI_AVS.html|title=Sri Lanka in India, 2005–06 One-Day Series Averages|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=6 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506105529/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/SL_IN_IND/STATS/SL_IN_IND_OCT-DEC2005_ODI_AVS.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and was awarded the Man of the Series award for his efforts. In December 2005, Dhoni was rewarded a B-grade contract by the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/230654.html|title=Pathan elevated to top bracket, Zaheer demoted|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=24 December 2005|access-date=12 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012215259/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/230654.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
India scored 328 in 50 overs with Dhoni contributing 68 in their first match of 2006 against [[Pakistani cricket team|Pakistan]]. However, the team finished poorly, scoring just 43 runs in the last eight overs and lost the match due to [[Duckworth-Lewis method]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/IND_IN_PAK/SCORECARDS/IND_PAK_ODI1_06FEB2006.html|title=Scorecard – India v/s Pakistan 1st ODI 2005/06 season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=13 May 2007|archive-date=21 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221065135/http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/IND_IN_PAK/SCORECARDS/IND_PAK_ODI1_06FEB2006.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In the third match of the series, Dhoni came in with India in a precarious situation and scored 72 runs off just 46 balls that included 13 boundaries to help India take a 2–1 lead in the series.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/IND_IN_PAK/SCORECARDS/IND_PAK_ODI3_13FEB2006.html|title=Scorecard – India v/s Pakistan 3rd ODI 2005/06 season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=13 May 2007|archive-date=6 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506103805/http://usa.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/IND_IN_PAK/SCORECARDS/IND_PAK_ODI3_13FEB2006.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/tss/tss2907/stories/20060218010200400.htm|title=Dhoni's blitz tears Pakistan asunder |publisher=[[The Sportstar]]|date=18 February 2006|access-date=19 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822172357/http://www.hinduonnet.com/tss/tss2907/stories/20060218010200400.htm |archive-date=22 August 2010 |url-status=usurped}}</ref> The final match of the series had a repeat performance as Dhoni scored 77 runs off 56 balls to enable India win the series 4–1.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/237571.html|title=Scorecard – India v/s Pakistan 5th ODI 2005/06 season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=13 May 2007|archive-date=21 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221085821/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/237571.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to his consistent ODI performances, Dhoni overtook [[Ricky Ponting]] as number one in the [[LG ICC cricket ratings|ICC ODI Rankings]] for batsmen on 20 April 2006, becoming the fastest batsman to do so, in 42 innings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/244910.html|title=Dhoni clinches top spot|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=20 April 2006|access-date=13 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012221952/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/244910.html|url-status=live}}</ref> His reign lasted just a week as [[Adam Gilchrist]]'s performance against [[Bangladesh cricket team|Bangladesh]] moved him to the top spot.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/245696.html|title=Gilchrist replaces Dhoni at the top|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=29 April 2006|access-date=13 May 2007|archive-date=3 July 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703224944/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/245696.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Two cancelled series in Sri Lanka, one due to the withdrawal of South Africa from the Unitech Cup due to security concerns<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/unitechcup/content/story/256635.html|title=South Africa to fly home|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=16 August 2006|access-date=13 May 2007|archive-date=19 February 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219105951/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/unitechcup/content/story/256635.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and the replacement three-match ODI bilateral series against Sri Lanka washed due to rain,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/unitechcup/content/story/257035.html|title=India-Sri Lanka one-dayers canceled|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=20 August 2006|access-date=13 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012223903/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/unitechcup/content/story/257035.html|url-status=live}}</ref> was India's prelude to another disappointing tournament – [[DLF Cup 2006-07]]. Dhoni scored 43 runs as the team lost twice in three games and did not qualify for the finals. India's lack of preparation showed in the [[2006 ICC Champions Trophy]] as they lost to [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] and [[Australia cricket team|Australia]], though Dhoni scored a half-century against West Indies. The story of the [[Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2006-07|ODI series]] in [[South African cricket team|South Africa]] was the same for both Dhoni and India as Dhoni scored 139 runs in 4 matches and India lost the series 4–0. From the start of the West Indies ODI series, Dhoni had played 16 matches, hit just two fifties and averaged 25.93. Dhoni received criticism on his wicket-keeping technique from former wicket-keeper [[Syed Kirmani]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/269628.html|title=Kirmani stumped by Dhoni's wicket-keeping technique|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=24 November 2006|access-date=13 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012222001/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/269628.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Yet, for his performances in 2006, he was named in the World ODI XI by the ICC.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc-awards/content/story/266801.html|title=Ricky Ponting takes top honours at glittering ICC Awards night|date=3 November 2006|website=Cricinfo|access-date=15 July 2019|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804091358/https://www.espncricinfo.com/icc-awards/content/story/266801.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== 2007 World Cup ===<br />
Preparations for the [[2007 Cricket World Cup]] improved as India recorded identical 3–1 victories over [[West Indian cricket team in India in 2006-07|West Indies]] and [[Sri Lankan cricket team in India in 2006-07|Sri Lanka]] and Dhoni had averages in excess of 100 in both these series.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/it-made-me-a-better-person-ms-dhoni-reveals-how-2007-world-cup-exit-and-mob-backlash-changed-him-3008072.html|title='It made me a better person': MS Dhoni reveals how 2007 World Cup exit and backlash changed him|website=Firstpost|date=17 September 2016|access-date=13 May 2019|archive-date=26 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626201021/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/it-made-me-a-better-person-ms-dhoni-reveals-how-2007-world-cup-exit-and-mob-backlash-changed-him-3008072.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
India unexpectedly crashed out of the World Cup after losses to Bangladesh and Sri Lanka in the group stage. Dhoni was out for a [[Duck (cricket)|duck]] in both these matches and scored just 29 runs in the tournament. After the loss to [[Bangladesh cricket team|Bangladesh]] in [[2007 Cricket World Cup]], the house that Dhoni was constructing in his home-town Ranchi was vandalised and damaged by political activists of [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|JMM]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/03/19/stories/2007031905830100.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070320204158/http://www.hindu.com/2007/03/19/stories/2007031905830100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 March 2007 | title=Ire over Team India's defeat |location=India | date=19 March 2007 |work=[[The Hindu]] | access-date=11 May 2007}}</ref> The local police arranged for security for his family as India exited the World Cup in the first round.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://in.sports.yahoo.com/070319/43/6dh2e.html |title=Dhoni family's security worries Jharkhand MLAs |publisher=Yahoo |date=19 March 2007 |access-date=11 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070906162931/http://in.sports.yahoo.com/070319/43/6dh2e.html |archive-date=6 September 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
<br />
Dhoni put his disappointing performances in the World Cup behind him by scoring 91* against [[Indian cricket team in Bangladesh in 2007|Bangladesh]], after India were left in a tight spot earlier in the run-chase. Dhoni was declared the Man of the Match for his performance, his fourth in ODI cricket. He was also later adjudged the Man of the Series after the third game of the series was washed away. Dhoni had a good Afro-Asia Cup, scoring 174 runs in 3 matches at an average of 87.00, with a blitzkrieg 139 not out off 97 balls, a Man of the Match innings, in the third ODI.<br />
<br />
Dhoni was named vice-captain of the ODI team for the series against South Africa in Ireland and the subsequent India-England seven-match ODI series.<ref name="DhoniVC">{{cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/tss/tss3020/stories/20070519011900400.htm | title=The poster boy comes of age |publisher=[[The Sportstar]]|date=19 May 2007|access-date=23 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826055939/http://www.hinduonnet.com/tss/tss3020/stories/20070519011900400.htm |archive-date=26 August 2010 |url-status=usurped}}</ref> Dhoni, who received a 'B' grade contract in December 2005, was awarded an 'A' grade contract in June 2007.<br />
<br />
He was also elected as the captain of the Indian squad for the World Twenty20 in September 2007 after seniors players like Rahul Dravid, Sourav Ganguly, Sachin Tendulkar and Anil Kumble refused to be part of T20 format. India won the first ever ICC World Twenty20 Tournament by defeating Pakistan in Final making India's first solo ICC Trophy Win since 1983. The world cup win saw Dhoni as future captain of Indian cricket team in all formats.<br />
<br />
On 2 September 2007, Dhoni equalled his idol Adam Gilchrist's international record for the most dismissals in an innings in ODI by catching five English players and stumping one.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/australia/content/current/story/298279.html|title=Indian board revises list of contracted players|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=17 June 2007|access-date=19 June 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012221912/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/australia/content/current/story/298279.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Rise through ranks ===<br />
During the series between India and Australia in 2009, Dhoni scored [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-tour-of-india-2009-10-416234/india-vs-australia-2nd-odi-416237/full-scorecard 124 runs in 107 balls in the second ODI], and [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-tour-of-india-2009-10-416234/india-vs-australia-3rd-odi-416238/full-scorecard scored 71 runs in 95 balls] in the third ODI. Along with Yuvraj Singh's 78 off of 96 balls, India won the third ODI by 6 wickets. Dhoni took his first and only wicket in international cricket on 30 September 2009. He bowled [[Travis Dowlin]] of the [[West Indies]] during a match in the [[2009 ICC Champions Trophy]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/29685831/does-ms-dhoni-highest-average-batted-no.-6-india? |title=Does MS Dhoni have the highest average of those who batted at No. 6 and above for India? |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=18 August 2020 |archive-date=19 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119212737/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/29685831/does-ms-dhoni-highest-average-batted-no.-6-india |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Mahendra Singh Dhoni batting.JPG|thumb|Dhoni batting against South Africa during the group stage match of [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy]]]]<br />
Dhoni topped the ICC ODI Batsman rankings for several months in 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICC list: Dhoni remains No.1 ODI batsman - 2009 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/latest-headlines/story/icc-rankings-dhoni-remains-no.1-odi-batsman-54016-2009-08-10 |access-date=23 April 2022 |website=[[India Today]]}}</ref> [[Michael Hussey]] from Australia replaced him at the top spot at the beginning of 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/article98790.ece|title=Hussey replaces Dhoni as No.1 ODI batsman|access-date=1 February 2010|location=Chennai, India|work=The Hindu|date=1 February 2010|archive-date=10 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160110205824/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/article98790.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Dhoni had an excellent year in ODIs in 2009, scoring 1198 runs in just 24 innings, at considerably high average of 70.43. Dhoni was also the joint top-scorer in ODIs in 2009 along with Ricky Ponting, but the latter having played 30 innings. For his performances in 2009, he was named as captain and wicketkeeper of the World ODI XI by the ICC.<ref name="auto3">{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/427665.html|title=Johnson and Gambhir scoop top awards|date=1 October 2009|website=Cricinfo|access-date=15 July 2019|archive-date=15 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715152542/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/427665.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Post 2011 World Cup ===<br />
In [[Pakistani cricket team in India in 2012–13|2012]], Pakistan toured India for a bilateral series for the first time in five years. In the three-match ODI series, Dhoni top-scored for India in all three innings; however, India lost the series 1–2. In the first ODI at [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium|Chennai]], he helped India recover from 29/5 to help post a total of 227 in 50 overs. Scoring 113 not out, he had a record partnership with [[Ravichandran Ashwin]], although India had lost .<ref>{{cite web |title=Under pressure, Dhoni scores unbeaten century {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/1st-odi-chennai-under-pressure-dhoni-scores-unbeaten-century-599554 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124210230/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/22102632/pressure-dhoni-scores-unbeaten-century |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=23 August 2020 |website=www.espncricinfo.com |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
Winning the [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy]], Dhoni became the first and the only captain in international cricket to claim all [[International Cricket Council|ICC]] trophies. In the rain-shortened final against [[England cricket team|England]], he was out for a duck and ended the tournament with 27 runs from two innings. However, Dhoni's field placements and tactics were to India's advantage, as the team had beat the opposition by five runs (D/L method).<ref>{{cite web|title=Full Scorecard of India vs England Final 2013 – Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8081/scorecard/566948/england-vs-india-final-icc-champions-trophy-2013|access-date=6 September 2020|website=www.espncricinfo.com|language=en|archive-date=25 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125083916/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8081/scorecard/566948/england-vs-india-final-icc-champions-trophy-2013|url-status=live}}</ref> He was also named as captain and wicketkeeper of the 'Team of the Tournament' by the ICC.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/178241|title=ICC announces Team of the Tournament|website=www.icc-cricket.com|access-date=16 July 2019|archive-date=16 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716214802/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/178241|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Just after the Champions Trophy, India toured [[West Indies]] for a tri-nation tournament against [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] and [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{cite web|title=West Indies Tri-Nation Series 2013, West Indies Tri-Nation Series 2013 score, Match schedules, fixtures, points table, results, news|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/_/id/8663/season/2013/west-indies-tri-nation-series|access-date=26 November 2020|website=www.espncricinfo.com|language=en|archive-date=30 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030152630/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/_/id/8663/season/2013/west-indies-tri-nation-series|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni had gotten injured at the start of the tournament itself and got ruled out for the whole tournament. However, despite not having fully recovered, he returned to play the final against Sri Lanka, once again only to find himself become a hero after single-handedly taking India to a victory by one wicket. Dhoni scored an unbeaten 45 off 52 balls while scoring 16 runs in the final over required for the victory. He was adjudged Man of the match for this performance.<ref>{{cite web|title=Full Scorecard of Sri Lanka vs India Final 2013 – Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8663/scorecard/597929/india-vs-sri-lanka-final-west-indies-tri-nation-series-2013|access-date=26 November 2020|website=www.espncricinfo.com|language=en|archive-date=13 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113145228/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8663/scorecard/597929/india-vs-sri-lanka-final-west-indies-tri-nation-series-2013|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
In November 2013, Dhoni became the second India batsman after Sachin Tendulkar to aggregate 1,000 or more ODI-runs against Australia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/india-v-australia-2013-14/content/story/684111.html |title=Kohli fastest to 17 ODI tons &#124; Cricket News &#124; India v Australia |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |date=30 October 2013 |access-date=7 August 2014 |archive-date=17 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131117035357/http://www.espncricinfo.com/india-v-australia-2013-14/content/story/684111.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
India toured [[Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2013–14|South Africa]] and [[Indian cricket team in New Zealand in 2013–14|New Zealand]] in the 2013–14 season and ending up losing both series, 0–2 and 0–4, respectively. Against South Africa, Dhoni managed 84 runs at an average of 48.0, including one half-century. Against New Zealand, he managed 272 runs which included three consecutive 50-plus scores. In the third match of the series, his knock of 50 helped India tie the match and eventually avoiding a series whitewash. Meanwhile, he scored his 8000th run in ODI cricket on the tour.<ref>{{cite web|date=31 January 2014|title=Dhoni fourth fastest to complete 8,000 ODI runs|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india-in-new-zealand-2014/top-stories/Dhoni-4th-fastest-to-complete-8000-ODI-runs/articleshow/29654294.cms|access-date=23 August 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220023304/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india-in-new-zealand-2014/top-stories/Dhoni-4th-fastest-to-complete-8000-ODI-runs/articleshow/29654294.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
India won the away ODI series in England in [[Indian cricket team in England in 2014|2014]] by 3–1 and [[West Indian cricket team in India in 2014–15|series]] against West Indies in India by 2–1 margin. Dhoni had performed, as he scored a half-century in each of the series.<ref>{{cite web|date=7 July 2021|title=M.S. Dhoni: International records as Batsman, Captain, Wicket-Keeper, Bowler and Birthday|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/ms-dhoni-records-1562679664-1|access-date=18 January 2022|website=Jagranjosh.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== 2015 World Cup ===<br />
India's preparation going into the tournament looked poor, as India had failed to perform in the [[Carlton Mid Triangular Series in Australia in 2014–15|Carlton Mid Triangular Series in Australia]], failing to win a single match, with Dhoni himself managing 70 runs from three innings and averaging 23.34.<ref>{{cite web|title=MS Dhoni Player stats for WC Cricket 2015 ODI Series|url=https://www.cricwaves.com/cricket/tour/261/wc-cricket-2015/3/28/ms-dhoni/PlayerStats.html|access-date=31 August 2020|website=Cricwaves.com|archive-date=11 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411113421/https://www.cricwaves.com/cricket/tour/261/wc-cricket-2015/3/28/ms-dhoni/PlayerStats.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=28 March 2015|first=Gaurav|last=Gupta|title=Team India's World Cup 2015 report card|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/new-zealand-in-india-2016/top-stories/Team-Indias-World-Cup-2015-report-card/articleshow/46722646.cms|access-date=31 August 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=3 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703181242/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/new-zealand-in-india-2016/top-stories/Team-Indias-World-Cup-2015-report-card/articleshow/46722646.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
During the [[2015 Cricket World Cup]], Dhoni became the first Indian captain to win all group stage matches in such a tournament. India achieved wins against arch-rivals [[Pakistan Cricket Team|Pakistan]], [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] (whom they hadn't beaten before in a World Cup game), the [[United Arab Emirates national cricket team|UAE]], [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]], [[Ireland cricket team|Ireland]] and [[Zimbabwe national cricket team|Zimbabwe]]. In the match against [[Zimbabwe national cricket team|Zimbabwe]] at [[Eden Park]], he made 85 not out chasing 288 and had an unbeaten partnership of 196 with [[Suresh Raina]]. This is the highest score by an Indian captain on New Zealand soil. Beating [[Bangladesh national cricket team|Bangladesh]] in the quarter finals, he became the third overall and the first non-Australian captain to win 100 ODI matches. In an unsuccessful effort against eventual champions Australia in the semi-finals, he made 65 as India were unable to defend their title. Dhoni, however, performed well with the bat by scoring 237 runs in 6 innings at an average of 59.25 and a [[strike rate]] of 102.15 and thus, became only the second Indian captain to have an average over 50 and strike rate over 100 in a particular season of the World Cup.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cricket World Cup 2015: Did MS Dhoni realise that India would lose?|url=https://www.dailyo.in/sports/world-cup-2015-ms-dhoni-virat-kohli-anushka-sharma-stuart-binny/story/1/2818.html|access-date=31 August 2020|website=www.dailyo.in|archive-date=6 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161106134924/http://www.dailyo.in/sports/world-cup-2015-ms-dhoni-virat-kohli-anushka-sharma-stuart-binny/story/1/2818.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mahendra Singh Dhoni Goes Down Fighting as India Exit World Cup {{!}} Cricket News|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/icc-cricket-world-cup-2015/mahendra-singh-dhoni-goes-down-fighting-as-india-exit-world-cup-1503008|access-date=31 August 2020|website=NDTVSports.com|language=en|archive-date=25 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525062718/https://sports.ndtv.com/icc-cricket-world-cup-2015/mahendra-singh-dhoni-goes-down-fighting-as-india-exit-world-cup-1503008|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Salati|first=Aamir|date=19 January 2016|title=Dhoni's record as ODI captain post-World Cup is poor|url=https://www.india.com/sports/ms-dhonis-record-as-odi-captain-post-world-cup-2015-is-poor-873546/|access-date=31 August 2020|website=India News, Breaking News, Entertainment News {{!}} India.com|language=en|archive-date=2 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002092514/http://www.india.com/sports/ms-dhonis-record-as-odi-captain-post-world-cup-2015-is-poor-873546/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Batting records {{!}} One-Day Internationals {{!}} Cricinfo Statsguru {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain=1;class=2;filter=advanced;orderby=runs;qualmin1=100;qualval1=batting_strike_rate;team=6;template=results;trophy=12;type=batting;view=series|access-date=19 October 2021|website=Cricinfo}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Stepping down as captain and thereafter ===<br />
Dhoni stepped down as captain of India in the limited over formats in January 2017, just ahead of the ODI series at [[English cricket team in India in 2016–17|home against England]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 January 2017 |title=MS Dhoni gives up India's ODI and T20 captaincy |work=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ms-dhoni-gives-up-india-s-odi-and-t20-captaincy-1075558 |url-status=live |access-date=20 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202085723/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/1075558.html |archive-date=2 February 2017}}</ref> In the second game of the series, he scored 134 off 122 balls, that included a 256-run partnership for the fourth wicket along with [[Yuvraj Singh]]. The century, his tenth in ODIs, was his first in over three years.<ref>{{cite news |date=19 January 2017 |title=India win series with Yuvraj and Dhoni tons |work=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/england-tour-of-india-2016-17-1030195/india-vs-england-2nd-odi-1034821/match-report |url-status=live |access-date=20 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903123521/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/1078381.html |archive-date=3 September 2017}}</ref> He was named as a wicketkeeper of the 'Team of the Tournament' at the 2017 Champions Trophy by Cricbuzz.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/95290/champions-trophy-2017-team-of-the-tournament|title=Champions Trophy 2017: Team of the tournament|website=Cricbuzz|access-date=24 July 2019|archive-date=24 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724160940/https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/95290/champions-trophy-2017-team-of-the-tournament|url-status=live}}</ref> He was also named in the ODI XI of the year by Cricbuzz.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/99286/odi-xi-of-2017|title=ODI XI of 2017|work=Cricbuzz|access-date=25 July 2019|archive-date=25 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725180020/https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/99286/odi-xi-of-2017|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
In August that year, during the fifth and final ODI [[Indian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2017|against Sri Lanka]] in [[R. Premadasa Stadium|Colombo]], he became the first wicket-keeper to effect 100 stumpings surpassing [[Kumar Sangakkara]], when he [[stumped]] [[Akila Dananjaya]] off [[Yuzvendra Chahal]].<ref>{{cite news |title=MS Dhoni creates world record, becomes the first wicketkeeper with 100 ODI stumpings |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ms-dhoni-creates-world-record-becomes-first-wicketkeeper-with-100-odi-stumpings-4826848/ |access-date=19 January 2019 |work=The Indian Express |date=3 September 2017 |language=en-IN |archive-date=8 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191008165250/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ms-dhoni-creates-world-record-becomes-first-wicketkeeper-with-100-odi-stumpings-4826848/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He reached the milestone of effecting 400 dismissals in ODIs in February 2018, following the stumping of [[Aiden Markram]] in the third ODI of the [[Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2017–18|South Africa tour]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-in-south-africa/ms-dhoni-first-indian-wicketkeeper-to-effect-400-dismissals-in-odis/articleshow/62825651.cms|title=MS Dhoni first Indian wicketkeeper to effect 400 dismissals in ODIs|work=The Times of India|access-date=7 February 2018|archive-date=28 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328130538/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-in-south-africa/ms-dhoni-first-indian-wicketkeeper-to-effect-400-dismissals-in-odis/articleshow/62825651.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Dhoni went past 10,000 ODI runs in the second ODI against England during his team's [[Indian cricket team in England in 2018|2018 tour]], and became the fourth Indian and twelfth overall to do so.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-in-england/ms-dhoni-becomes-second-wicketkeeper-to-score-10000-odi-runs/articleshow/64991910.cms|title=MS Dhoni becomes the second wicketkeeper to score 10,000 ODI runs|work=The Times of India|access-date=15 July 2018|archive-date=17 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817015304/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-in-england/ms-dhoni-becomes-second-wicketkeeper-to-score-10000-odi-runs/articleshow/64991910.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> He had a relatively mediocre series, having scored 79 runs in two innings at a strike rate of 63.20.<ref>{{cite news |title=Why Dhoni's World Cup place is in doubt |url=https://www.rediff.com/cricket/special/why-dhonis-world-cup-place-is-in-doubt/20180721.htm |access-date=19 January 2019 |work=Rediff |date=21 July 2018 |archive-date=9 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109030004/https://www.rediff.com/cricket/special/why-dhonis-world-cup-place-is-in-doubt/20180721.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=India in England ODI Series, 2018 Cricket Team Records & Stats |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=12032;type=series |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=19 January 2019 |archive-date=26 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626201005/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=12032;type=series |url-status=live }}</ref> This was followed by two poor performances for him in the ODI format; the [[2018 Asia Cup|Asia Cup]] that he finished with 77 runs in four innings at an average of 19.25<ref>{{cite web |title=West Indies series a big one for MS Dhoni ahead of 2019 World Cup: Sourav Ganguly |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/india-vs-west-indies-ms-dhoni-2019-world-cup-sourav-ganguly-1372393-2018-10-21 |website=India Today |access-date=19 January 2019 |language=en |date=21 October 2018 |archive-date=17 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417201439/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/india-vs-west-indies-ms-dhoni-2019-world-cup-sourav-ganguly-1372393-2018-10-21 |url-status=live }}</ref> and the [[West Indian cricket team in India in 2018–19|home series against West Indies]] where he aggregated 50 runs from three innings.<ref>{{cite web |title=West Indies in India ODI Series, 2018/19 Cricket Team Records & Stats |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=12635;type=series |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=19 January 2019 |archive-date=17 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417212829/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=12635;type=series |url-status=live }}</ref> Dhoni was given rest and thus wasn't available for the selection of the T20I squads for the series that followed and the [[Indian cricket team in Australia in 2018–19|Australia tour]] later that season.<ref>{{cite news |title=MS Dhoni dropped from T20I series against West Indies, Australia |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/west-indies-in-india/ms-dhoni-dropped-from-t20i-series-against-west-indies-australia/articleshow/66384159.cms |access-date=19 January 2019 |work=The Times of India |agency=Press Trust of India |date=27 October 2018 |archive-date=27 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181027032020/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/west-indies-in-india/ms-dhoni-dropped-from-t20i-series-against-west-indies-australia/articleshow/66384159.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> However, he was included in the squad named for the ODI series there.<ref>{{cite news |title=Dhoni named by India for Australia ODIs |url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/ms-dhoni-india-odi-squad-australia-one-day-series-kohli-rohit-dhawan/2018-12-24 |access-date=19 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119074728/https://www.cricket.com.au/news/ms-dhoni-india-odi-squad-australia-one-day-series-kohli-rohit-dhawan/2018-12-24 |archive-date=19 January 2019 |work=[[Cricket Australia]] |publisher=cricket.com.au |date=24 December 2018 |language=en}}</ref> In the three-match series, Dhoni found form and scored half-centuries in all three games with the latter two resulting in wins, helping India secure a 2–1 series victory, their first in a bilateral series on Australian soil. Dhoni finished with 193 runs and was named player of the series. He also became the fourth Indian to score more than 1,000 ODI runs there.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rao |first1=Santosh |title=MS Dhoni Becomes Fourth Indian To Achieve Stunning Feat in Australia |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/australia-vs-india-2018-19/india-vs-australia-ms-dhoni-becomes-fourth-indian-to-score-1000-odi-runs-in-australia-1979744 |access-date=19 January 2019 |work=NDTV |date=18 January 2019 |language=en |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108003306/https://sports.ndtv.com/australia-vs-india-2018-19/india-vs-australia-ms-dhoni-becomes-fourth-indian-to-score-1000-odi-runs-in-australia-1979744 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
In April 2019, he was named in [[2019 Cricket World Cup squads#India|India's squad]] for the [[2019 Cricket World Cup]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/26528278/rahul-karthik-pant-rayudu-india-world-cup-squad |title=Rahul and Karthik in, Pant and Rayudu out of India's World Cup squad |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=15 April 2019 |date=15 April 2019 |archive-date=7 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107223734/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/26528278/rahul-karthik-pant-rayudu-india-world-cup-squad |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/1179330 |title=Dinesh Karthik, Vijay Shankar in India's World Cup squad |work=International Cricket Council |access-date=15 April 2019 |archive-date=17 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417081730/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/1179330 |url-status=live }}</ref> In July 2019, in India's semi-final match against [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]], Dhoni played in his 350th ODI.<ref>{{cite web |title=ICC World Cup 2019: MS Dhoni Becomes The Second Indian To Play 350 ODIs |url=https://cricketaddictor.com/cricket/icc-world-cup-2019-ms-dhoni-becomes-the-second-indian-to-play-350-odis/ |work=Cricket Addictor |access-date=9 July 2019 |date=9 July 2019 |archive-date=9 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709091252/https://cricketaddictor.com/cricket/icc-world-cup-2019-ms-dhoni-becomes-the-second-indian-to-play-350-odis/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Test career ===<br />
Following his one-day performance against Sri Lanka, Dhoni replaced [[Dinesh Karthik]] in December 2005 as the Indian teams' Test wicket-keeper.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/indvsl/content/story/226933.html|title=Ganguly included in Test squad|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=23 November 2005|access-date=18 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012215415/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/indvsl/content/story/226933.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni scored 30 runs in his debut match, that was marred by rain. Dhoni came to the crease when the team was at 109/5 and as wickets kept falling in quick succession, he played an aggressive innings in which he was the last man to be dismissed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/indvsl/content/story/228619.html|title=Jayawardene and Vaas star in draw|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=6 December 2005|access-date=18 May 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012215420/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/indvsl/content/story/228619.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni made his maiden half-century in the second Test and his quick scoring rate (50 off 51 balls) helped India set a target of 436, where the Sri Lankans were then bowled out for 247.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/SL_IN_IND/SCORECARDS/SL_IND_T2_10-14DEC2005.html|title=Scorecard:India v/s Sri Lanka 2nd Test 2005/06 Season|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=18 May 2007|archive-date=21 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221092556/http://ind.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2005-06/SL_IN_IND/SCORECARDS/SL_IND_T2_10-14DEC2005.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
India toured Pakistan in January–February 2006 and Dhoni scored his maiden century in the second Test at [[Faisalabad]]. India was struggling, where Dhoni along with [[Irfan Pathan]] tried to recover, with the team still needing 107 runs to avoid a follow-on. Dhoni played in his naturally aggressive style as he brought up his maiden Test century in 93 balls, after scoring the first fifty in 34 deliveries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/290806.html|title=Match Report – Pakistan v India, 2005–06 Second Test|publisher=[[Wisden Almanack]]|access-date=18 May 2007|date=16 April 2007|archive-date=7 July 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707153726/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/290806.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Dhoni followed up the century with respectable batting performances over the next three matches, one against Pakistan that India lost and two against England that had India holding a 1–0 lead. Dhoni was the top scorer in India's first innings in the third Test at [[Wankhede Stadium]] as his 64 helped India post 279 in reply to England's 400. However, Dhoni and the Indian fielders dropped catches and missed many dismissal chances, including a key stumping opportunity of [[Andrew Flintoff]] (14).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/indveng/content/current/story/241557.html|title=Epidemic of dropped catches|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=21 March 2006|access-date=18 May 2007|archive-date=4 July 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704163618/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/indveng/content/current/story/241557.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhoni failed to collect the [[Harbhajan Singh]] delivery cleanly as Flintoff went on to make 36 more runs as England set a target of 313 for the home team, a target that India was never in danger of threatening. A batting collapse saw the team being dismissed for 100 and Dhoni scored just 5 runs and faced criticism for his wicket-keeping lapses as well as his shot selection.<br />
<br />
[[File:Dhoni behind Stumps.jpg|thumb|left|Dhoni behind the stumps]]<br />
On the [[Indian cricket team in West Indies in 2006|West Indies tour]] in 2006, Dhoni scored a quick and aggressive 69 in the first Test at [[Antigua]]. The rest of the series was unremarkable for Dhoni as he scored 99 runs in the remaining 6 innings but his wicket-keeping skills improved and he finished the series with 13 catches and 4 [[stumped|stumpings]]. In the Test series in South Africa later that year, Dhoni's scores of 34 and 47 were not sufficient to save the second Test against the Proteas, as India lost the series 2–1, squandering the chance to build on their first ever Test victory in South Africa (achieved in the first Test match). Dhoni's bruised hands ruled him out of the third Test match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/rsavind/content/story/274667.html|title=Both teams in selection quandary|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=1 January 2007|access-date=18 May 2007|archive-date=25 January 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070125230227/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/rsavind/content/story/274667.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
On the fourth day of the first Test match at [[Antigua Recreation Ground]], [[St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda|St John's]], [[Antigua]] during [[Indian cricket team in West Indies in 2006|India's tour of West Indies, 2006]], Dhoni's flick off [[Dave Mohammed]] to the midwicket region was caught by [[Daren Ganga]]. As the batsman started to walk back, captain Dravid declared the innings when the confusion started as the umpires were not certain if the fielder stepped on the ropes and Dhoni stayed for the umpire's verdict. While the replays were inconclusive, the captain of the West Indies side, [[Brian Lara]], wanted Dhoni to walk off based on the fielder's assertion of the catch. The impasse continued for more than 15 minutes and Lara's temper was on display with finger-wagging against the umpires and snatching the ball from umpire [[Asad Rauf]]. Ultimately, Dhoni walked off and Dravid's declaration was effected but the game was delayed, and Lara's action was criticised by the commentators and former players. Lara was summoned by the match referee to give an explanation of his actions, but he was not fined.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/wivind/content/story/249668.html | title='I think you should walk off', Lara told Dhoni | publisher=[[Cricinfo]] | date=11 June 2006 | access-date=11 May 2007 | archive-date=12 October 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012215725/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/wivind/content/story/249668.html | url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
Dhoni scored two centuries in Sri Lanka's tour of India in 2009, a series of three matches in which he led India to a 2–0 victory. With this feat, India soared up to the number one position in Test cricket for the first time in history. India scored 726–9 ([[Declaration and forfeiture|decl]]) in the third match of this series, which was their highest Test total then.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/8397708.stm |title=India beat Sri Lanka by an innings to top Test rankings |publisher=BBC Sport |date=6 December 2009 |access-date=8 December 2009 |archive-date=22 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522093220/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/8397708.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
He played his last series in the 2014–15 season in [[Indian cricket team in Australia in 2014–15|India's tour of Australia]] captaining India in the second and third tests; losing the second and drawing the third, trailing the series 2–0 before the Sydney Test. Following the third Test in [[Melbourne Cricket Ground|Melbourne]], Dhoni announced his retirement from the format.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/Dhoni-retires-from-Test-cricket/article10964560.ece|title=Dhoni retires from Test cricket|work=The Hindu|date=30 December 2014|access-date=22 September 2016|last1=Dinakar|first1=S.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title= Mahendra Singh Dhoni Retires from Test Cricket |url=http://sports.ndtv.com/australia-vs-india-2014-15/news/235244-mahendra-singh-dhoni-retires-from-test-cricket |publisher= NDTVsports.com |date= 30 December 2014 |access-date= 30 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230123902/http://sports.ndtv.com/australia-vs-india-2014-15/news/235244-mahendra-singh-dhoni-retires-from-test-cricket |archive-date= 30 December 2014 |url-status= dead }}</ref> In his last Test, he effected nine dismissals (eight catches and a stumping), and in the process, went past [[Kumar Sangakkara]] in the record for [[Dismissal (cricket)|stumpings]] with 134 (in all three formats combined).<ref>{{cite web |title= Dhoni rewrites record for most stumpings |url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/indias-tour-of-australia-australiaindia-test-series-melbourne-test/article6730772.ece |work= The Hindu |date= 27 December 2014 |access-date= 18 December 2014 |archive-date= 10 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160110205824/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/indias-tour-of-australia-australiaindia-test-series-melbourne-test/article6730772.ece |url-status= live }}</ref> He also set a record for effecting the most dismissals in a match by an [[List of India Test wicket-keepers|Indian wicketkeeper]] until it was broken by [[Wriddhiman Saha]] in 2018.<ref>{{cite news|title=Wriddhiman Saha breaks MS Dhoni's record of most dismissals by an Indian wicketkeeper in a Test|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-in-south-africa/wriddhiman-saha-breaks-ms-dhonis-record-of-most-dismissals-by-an-indian-wicketkeeper-in-a-test/articleshow/62415996.cms|access-date=15 January 2018|work=The Times of India|date=8 January 2018|archive-date=9 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109010230/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-in-south-africa/wriddhiman-saha-breaks-ms-dhonis-record-of-most-dismissals-by-an-indian-wicketkeeper-in-a-test/articleshow/62415996.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> He finished his last innings unbeaten making 24 runs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Full Scorecard of Australia vs India 3rd Test 2014/15 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/border-gavaskar-trophy-2014-15-754713/australia-vs-india-3rd-test-754741/full-scorecard |access-date=7 April 2022 |website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== T20I career ===<br />
<br />
On 12 February 2012, Dhoni made an unbeaten 44 to guide [[Indian Cricket Team|India]] to their first win over [[Australian Cricket Team|Australia]] at Adelaide. In the final over, he hit considerably large six which travelled 112 meters off the bowling of [[Clint McKay]]. During the post-match presentation, he described this six as more important than the one he hit during the ICC World Cup final in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cricket.yahoo.com/cricket-live-score-australia-vs-india_104723#subnav|title=Yahoo Cricket|access-date=12 February 2012|archive-date=26 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226172108/http://cricket.yahoo.com/cricket-live-score-australia-vs-india_104723#subnav|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
He was named as captain and wicketkeeper of the 'Team of the Tournament' for the 2014 T20 World Cup by the ICC.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/180042|title=ICC announces men's ICC World Twenty20 BD 2014 Team of the Tournament|website=www.icc-cricket.com|access-date=16 July 2019|archive-date=16 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716223104/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/180042|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== 2007 ICC World Twenty20 ====<br />
MS Dhoni was chosen to lead India in first-ever [[2007 ICC World Twenty20|World T20 in 2007]]. He made his captaincy debut against Scotland but the match was washed off. Thereon, he led India to the ICC World Twenty 20 trophy in South Africa, with a victory over arch-rivals Pakistan in an intensely fought final on 24 September 2007, and became the second Indian captain to have won a World Cup in any form of cricket, after [[Kapil Dev]].<ref>{{cite web|date=24 September 2020|title=On This Day: MS Dhoni leads India to maiden World T20 win with memorable triumph over Pakistan|url=https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/sports-news/on-this-day-ms-dhoni-leads-india-to-maiden-world-t20-win-with-memorable-triumph-over-pakistan-8847001.html|access-date=5 January 2021|website=Firstpost|archive-date=6 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106162841/https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/sports-news/on-this-day-ms-dhoni-leads-india-to-maiden-world-t20-win-with-memorable-triumph-over-pakistan-8847001.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Retirement from international cricket ===<br />
Dhoni announced his retirement from international cricket on 15 August 2020. The decision came as a surprise to many fans and cricket experts, as Dhoni had not announced any plans to retire before that. He had not played any international cricket since India's loss in the 2019 Cricket World Cup semi-final. He also had not announced any plans to retire from domestic cricket, and continues to play for the Chennai Super Kings in the Indian Premier League.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/1281004 |title=MS Dhoni retires from all international cricket |work=International Cricket Council |access-date=15 August 2020 |archive-date=1 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101022148/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/1281004 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
== Domestic career ==<br />
He debuted in first class and [[List A cricket|List A]] Cricket in the season of [[1999-2000 Ranji Trophy|1999–2000]]. In India's domestic cricket Dhoni played for the two state teams that is [[Bihar Cricket Team|Bihar]] and [[Jharkhand cricket team]]. He also played for [[India A]], Air India Blue, Indian Board President's XI, Rajasthan Cricket Association President's XI, East Zone, [[Rest of India cricket team|Rest of India]], East zone under 19, [[Chennai Super Kings]], [[Rising Pune Supergiant]] teams. In [[BCCI Corporate Trophy|BCCI Corporate trophy]] he played for [[Air India|Air India airlines']] "Air India team" until his resignation from the company in 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=MS Dhoni profile and biography, stats, records, averages, photos and videos|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/ms-dhoni-28081|access-date=23 October 2021|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}</ref><ref name="sports.ndtv.com">{{cite web|title=MS Dhoni appointed vice-president of India Cements, a company headed by N Srinivasan {{!}} Cricket News|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/ms-dhoni-appointed-vice-president-of-india-cements-a-company-headed-by-n-srinivasan-1541635|access-date=29 November 2021|website=NDTVSports.com|language=en}}</ref><ref name="newindianexpress.com">{{cite web|title=Air India wins BCCI Corporate Trophy|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/2009/sep/08/air-india-wins-bcci-corporate-trophy-84579.html|access-date=29 November 2021|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> In [[2003–04 Vijay Hazare Trophy|2003-04 Vijay Hazare trophy]], he scored a century against [[Assam cricket team|Assam]]. On 8 February 2005 Dhoni played for India seniors in [[NKP Salve Challenger Trophy|Challenger trophy]], where he scored 102 nout out against India B.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=MS Dhoni's blistering ton inspires Jharkhand win in Vijay Hazare trophy. |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/sports/cricket/260217/ms-dhoni-blistering-ton-inspires-jharkhand-win-in-vijay-hazare-trophy.html |url-status=live |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]].com}}</ref> In 2009, BCCI Corporate trophy, Dhoni scored 106 runs while playing for Air India Blue team against 'India Revenue team'. In the inning he hit 7 sixes and 7 fours at Chandigarh.<ref name="newindianexpress.com" /> [[Jharkhand State Cricket Association]] (JSCA) appointed him captain of the Jharkhand team in February 2017 for the [[2017-18 Vijay Hazare Trophy|2017-18 Vijay Hazare trophy]]. On 25 February 2017, he scored his first ever List-A (One day) century playing for Jharkhand; against [[Chhattisgarh cricket team]] he scored 107 runs. He lead the team to the quater final and scored 70 (108) not out in QF but Jharkhand lost against [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] due to batting collapse.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mahendra Singh Dhoni named Jharkhand captain for Vijay Hazare Trophy |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/mahendra-singh-dhoni-jharkhand-vijay-hazare-trophy-961966-2017-02-22 |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=JHK vs DELHI, Vijay Hazare Trophy 2015/16, 2nd Quarter-Final at Bengaluru, December 23, 2015 - Full Scorecard |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/vijay-hazare-trophy-2015-16-901115/jharkhand-vs-delhi-2nd-quarter-final-902075/full-scorecard |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":6" /><br />
<br />
== Indian Premier League ==<br />
{{See also|Lodha Committee}}<br />
{{MedalBox|title=<span style="color: Darkblue">Representing [[Chennai Super Kings|<span style="color:Darkblue">CSK</span>]]</span>|medals=<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[Indian Premier League]]}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2010 Indian Premier League|2010]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2011 Indian Premier League|2011]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2018 Indian Premier League|2018]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2021 Indian Premier League|2021]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[2021 Indian Premier League|2023]]|}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[Champions League Twenty20|Champions League]]}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[Champions League Twenty20#Tournament summary|2011]]|}}<br />
{{Medal|Winner|[[Champions League Twenty20#Tournament summary|2014]]|}}<br />
|sport=|country=|color=yellow}}<br />
Dhoni was contracted by the [[Chennai Super Kings]] (CSK) for US$1.5 million. This made him the most expensive player in the [[Indian Premier League|IPL]] for the first season auctions.<ref>[[Ipl 2008#Player auctions]]</ref> Under his captaincy, CSK won the [[2010 Indian Premier League|2010]], [[2011 Indian Premier League|2011]], [[2018 Indian Premier League|2018]], [[2021 Indian Premier League|2021]] and the [[2023 Indian Premier League]] titles and the [[2010 Champions League Twenty20|2010]] and [[2014 Champions League Twenty20|2014 Champions League T20]] titles and ended up as a runner-up in [[2008 Indian Premier League|2008]], [[2012 Indian Premier League|2012]], [[2013 IPL|2013]], [[2015 Indian Premier League|2015]] and [[2019 IPL|2019]] [[Indian Premier League|IPL]] league seasons.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 October 2017 |title=MS Dhoni: Indian cricket's first mega-brand |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/book-extract-democracy-s-xi-by-rajdeep-sardesai-1123867 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111224912/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/21145684/democracy-xi-rajdeep-sardesai |archive-date=11 November 2020 |access-date=26 October 2017 |website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=25 March 2022 |script-title=mr:धोनीने सोडले चेन्नईचे नेतृत्व ! |language=mr |trans-title=Dhoni left CSK's command! |page=5 |work=[[Lokmat]] |url=http://epaper.lokmat.com/articlepage.php?articleid=LOK_JLLK_20220325_5_3 |access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
MS Dhoni became the first player to play 200 T20 matches for Super Kings. Dhoni is at the top of the list of most matches played in the Indian Premier League.<ref>{{cite web|last=Sen|first=Rohan|date=16 April 2021|title=IPL 2021: MS Dhoni becomes first player to feature in 200 T20 matches for Chennai Super Kings|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/ipl-2021/story/ms-dhoni-200-matches-csk-t20-indian-premier-league-records-pbks-vs-csk-1791801-2021-04-16|access-date=29 August 2021|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> Dhoni is also one of the three captains to have won the Indian Premier League twice, with CSK.<ref>{{cite web|date=19 February 2017|title=MS Dhoni as Indian Premier League skipper: Two titles, 83 wins|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ms-dhoni-rps-csk-captain-ipl-2017-961451-2017-02-19|access-date=29 August 2021|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> Dhoni is the only captain in the IPL to win more than 100 matches. He is also the most successful wicket-keeper with 180 dismissals as of IPL 2023.<br />
<br />
In 2015, the Chennai Super Kings got banned from the IPL for 2 years by [[Rajendra Mal Lodha|R.M. Lodha]] from the committee of Supreme Court of India.<ref>{{Cite magazine |author=Akshay Ramesh |date=7 April 2020 |title=This day, that year: Chennai Super Kings return to IPL after 2-year ban, reignite Mumbai Indians rivalry |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/chennai-super-kings-csk-ipl-2018-comeback-2-year-ban-mumbai-indians-april-7-wankhede-1664273-2020-04-07 |access-date=13 March 2022 |magazine=India Today |language=en}}</ref> They were banned due to the illegal betting of one of their officials, [[Gurunath Meiyappan]].<ref name="Jul 14">{{cite web|date=July 14, 2015|title=CSK, RR suspended from IPL for 2 years; Meiyappan, Kundra banned for life|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/csk-rr-suspended-from-ipl-for-2-years-meiyappan-kundra-banned-for-life/articleshow/48067702.cms|access-date=23 October 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> He was arrested with charges of [[spot-fixing]]<ref>{{cite web|date=19 March 2021|title=The reason why CSK was banned from IPL|url=https://www.mpl.live/blog/the-reason-why-csk-was-banned-from-ipl/|access-date=23 October 2021|website=Mpl Blog|language=en-IN}}</ref> According to Dhoni, it was darkest period of his career. He said "The biggest crime that I can commit is not a murder, it is actually [[Match-fixing in cricket|match-fixing]]".<ref>{{cite web|last=Bharti|first=Vijaya|date=19 March 2021|title=The reason why CSK was banned from IPL|url=https://www.mpl.live/blog/the-reason-why-csk-was-banned-from-ipl/|access-date=23 October 2021|website=Mpl Blog|language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=MS Dhoni opens up on 2013 IPL fixing scandal|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/sports/story/ms-dhoni-ipl-match-fixing-hotstar-roar-of-the-lion-1483306-2019-03-21|access-date=23 October 2021|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 2016, [[Rising Pune Supergiant]] (RPS), a debuting IPL franchise team made him captain but after the poor performance of the team in that season they removed Dhoni from the captain's position and chose [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]], then Australian national team captain, for the post. Dhoni played as wicketkeeper batsman in the 2017 season for RPS.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 February 2017 |title=MS Dhoni axed as Rising Pune Supergiants skipper, Steve Smith to take over |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/mahendra-singh-dhoni-removed-as-rising-pune-supergiants-skipper-for-ipl-2017/story-4bS6Uk0Vf641HWkZPHJSFN.html |access-date=13 March 2022 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the [[2018 Indian Premier League|2018 IPL season]], CSK returned to IPL, and he was again appointed to lead the franchise by the franchise. Dhoni scored 455 runs in that season and led his side to their third IPL title.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8048/report/1136620/chennai-super-kings-vs-sunrisers-hyderabad-final-indian-premier-league-2018|title=Final (N), Indian Premier League at Mumbai, May 27 2018 {{!}} Match Report|website=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 May 2018|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029092150/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8048/report/1136620/chennai-super-kings-vs-sunrisers-hyderabad-final-indian-premier-league-2018|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the 2020 & 2021 seasons of the IPL, Dhoni failed to perform where he scored 200 runs in 14 innings in 2020 and 116 runs in 16 innings with an average of 15.29 in the 2021 IPL season.<ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
He led the franchise to the 4th title in [[2021 Indian Premier League]] season. Dhoni got retained by CSK for ₹12 Cr, before IPL 2022 player's auction.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MS Dhoni's CSK claim 4th title: Complete list of IPL winners since 2008 |url=https://www.wionews.com/sports/ms-dhonis-csk-claim-4th-title-complete-list-of-ipl-winners-since-2008-421316 |access-date=18 March 2022 |website=WION |language=en}}</ref> He stepped down from captaincy on 24 March 2022, where [[Ravindra Jadeja]] became the new captain.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=24 March 2022 |title=MS Dhoni steps down as Chennai Super Kings captain, Ravindra Jadeja to lead in IPL 2022 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ms-dhoni-steps-down-as-chennai-super-kings-captain-ravindra-jadeja-to-lead-in-ipl-2022-1928680-2022-03-24 |access-date=24 March 2022 |magazine=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2022 |title=IPL 2022: MS Dhoni steps down as CSK captain, Ravindra Jadeja to lead |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/ipl-2022-ms-dhoni-steps-down-as-csk-captain-ravindra-jadeja-to-lead-101648113424700.html |access-date=24 March 2022 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> However, on 30 April 2022, Jadeja handed over the captaincy back to Dhoni.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=30 April 2022 |title=Ravindra-Jadeja-hands-over-CSK-captaincy-back-to-MS-Dhoni |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/ipl-2022-ravindra-jadeja-hands-over-csk-captaincy-back-to-ms-dhoni-101651326298439.html |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=hindustantimes.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Playing style ==<br />
[[File:MS_Dhoni_2.jpg|thumb|right|Dhoni in 2008]]<br />
Dhoni is a right-handed [[batsman]] and [[wicket-keeper]]. Dhoni is an unorthodox batsman. He deviates from conventional coaching manuals and showcases his unique batting technique. Dhoni displays a proclivity for hitting [[Full length (bowling)|full-length]] deliveries towards the [[Fielding (cricket)|Long-on]], [[Long off|Long-off]], and [[Midwicket|Midwicket regions]], rather than the conventional Cover region. Furthermore, he demonstrates remarkable skill in playing [[pull shot]]s and hook shots off [[Short pitched bowling|short-pitched]] deliveries, putting pressure on the bowler to adjust their line and length accordingly. Dhoni holds the bat with a firm grip at the bottom of the handle, striking the ball with force and precision to clear the boundary. Despite this, he still retains the capability to produce awe-inspiring, long sixes.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ragav|first=S. Dipak|title=Unorthodox Dhoni shows his method of big hitting|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/unorthodox-dhoni-shows-his-method-of-big-hitting/article19332978.ece|access-date=11 October 2021|website=Sportstar|date=22 July 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|others=PTI|date=23 August 2020|title=Looked like a maverick, destroyed whatever came in front of him: Holding lauds Dhoni|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/looked-like-a-maverick-destroyed-whatever-came-in-front-of-him-holding-lauds-dhoni/article32421867.ece|access-date=26 October 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He is known for his unorthodox captaincy and cool-headed demeanor on the field. As a batsman, he is recognized for his remarkable finishing skills in high-pressure situations, and his aggressive captaincy has earned him the reputation of a successful leader in Indian cricket. He has also been renowned for his lightning-fast glove-work [[Stump (cricket)|behind the stumps]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chopra |first=Aakash |author-link=Aakash Chopra |date=1 Sep 2015 |title=The MS Dhoni batting manual |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/book-extract-the-insider-906543 |website=[[ESPN Cricinfo]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
Initially, Dhoni appeared as a lower-order attacking batsman but he gradually changed his playing style to deal with high-pressure scenarios and his growing responsibility as a captain. He is a powerful hitter of the ball and is one of the fastest men in running between the wickets.<ref>{{cite web|date=7 February 2017|title=10 fastest runners in the cricket world|url=https://cricket.yahoo.net/news/10-fastest-runners-cricket-world-144800169|access-date=22 December 2020|website=[[Yahoo! Cricket]]|archive-date=14 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314091938/https://cricket.yahoo.net/news/10-fastest-runners-cricket-world-144800169|url-status=live}}</ref> He made use of the [[helicopter shot]] technique,<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Sheringham|first1=Sam|title=World T20 cricket: Dilscoops, helicopter shots and the gangnam|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/19877241|access-date=4 June 2020|work=[[BBC Sport Online]]|publisher=[[BBC North]]|date=9 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604164314/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/19877241|archive-date=4 June 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> taught to him by a fellow player and childhood friend [[Santosh Lal]].<ref>{{cite web|author1=Srihari|title=The tragic story of Santosh Lal – MS Dhoni's friend and the inventor of the helicopter shot|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/cricket/tragic-story-santosh-lal-dhonis-friend-inventor-helicopter-shot|website=[[Sportskeeda]]|publisher=Absolute Sports|access-date=4 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604170544/https://www.sportskeeda.com/cricket/tragic-story-santosh-lal-dhonis-friend-inventor-helicopter-shot|archive-date=4 June 2020|date=3 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=18 July 2013 |title=Jharkhand cricketer Santosh Lal dies aged 29 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/jharkhand-cricketer-santosh-lal-dies-aged-29-652629 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200604173648/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/29254377/shane-warne-birthday-wishes-certain-waugh |archive-date=4 June 2020 |access-date=4 June 2020 |website=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |publisher=[[ESPN Inc.]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
His wicket-keeping skill is widely praised by cricket experts but also criticised for lack of good technique.<ref>{{cite web|author=Scroll Staff|title=Pause, rewind, play: A look at MS Dhoni's unmatched brilliance behind the stumps|url=https://scroll.in/field/966681/pause-rewind-play-mahendra-singh-dhonis-unmatched-brilliance-behind-the-stumps|access-date=5 September 2021|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kirmani stumped by Dhoni's wicketkeeping technique|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/kirmani-stumped-by-dhoni-s-wicketkeeping-technique-269628|access-date=19 October 2021|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}</ref> He has a world record for the highest number of stumpings by any wicket-keeper.<ref>{{cite web|date=16 August 2020|title=7 MS Dhoni records unlikely to be broken anytime soon|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/cricket/7-ms-dhoni-records-unlikely-broken-anytime-soon|access-date=22 December 2020|website=www.sportskeeda.com|archive-date=1 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001121335/https://www.sportskeeda.com/cricket/7-ms-dhoni-records-unlikely-broken-anytime-soon|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
As a captain, Dhoni was approachable to players.<ref name="timesnownews.com">{{cite web|title=MS Dhoni not an introvert, anyone could walk in his room to talk cricket and order food: Ashish Nehra|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/article/ms-dhoni-not-an-introvert-anyone-could-walk-in-his-room-to-talk-cricket-and-order-food-ashish-nehra/588728|access-date=17 October 2021|website=www.timesnownews.com|language=en}}</ref> Former cricketers and opposition players underline that his behaviour on cricket ground was calm and composed. He used to allow his bowlers to set field for themselves.<ref>{{cite web|title=MS Dhoni vs Virat Kohli: Team India head coach Ravi Shastri decodes captaincy styles of two Indian stalwarts|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/article/ms-dhoni-vs-virat-kohli-team-india-head-coach-ravi-shastri-decodes-captaincy-styles-of-two-indian-stalwarts-watch/675841|access-date=17 October 2021|website=www.timesnownews.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Former Sri Lanka Spinner is a Fan of MS Dhoni's Captaincy Style|url=https://www.news18.com/cricketnext/news/former-sri-lanka-spinner-is-a-fan-of-ms-dhonis-captaincy-style-2772665.html|access-date=17 October 2021|website=www.news18.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Personal life ==<br />
Mahendra Dhoni's ancestral village is ''Lwali'', which is in ''Jaiti'' ''[[Tehsil|taluka]]'' of [[Almora district]] of the [[Uttarakhand]] state. The village has population of 20 to 30 families.{{Note label|Lwali have 60 families as per [[The Hindu]]'s article dated 26 September 2011.}}His father Pan Singh Dhoni left the village in 1970 in search of employment. He eventually settled in Ranchi. Dhoni's uncle Dhanpat Singh Dhauni and his cousin Hayat Singh Dhauni still lives in Lwali.<ref>{{cite web|author=Mohammad Anab|date=17 August 2020|title='MS Dhoni could have played for a few more years'|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/dhoni-could-have-played-for-a-few-more-years-say-locals-of-his-native-almora-village/articleshow/77578499.cms|access-date=17 October 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|others=PTI|date=6 April 2011|title=Finally, a road for Dhoni's ancestral village|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Finally-a-road-for-Dhonis-ancestral-village/article14671784.ece|access-date=24 October 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
<br />
He married Sakshi Singh Rawat on 4 July 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/getFiles.asp?Style=OliveXLib:LowLevelEntityToPrint_TOI&Type=text/html&Locale=english-skin-custom&Path=TOIKM/2010/07/06&ID=Ar02102|title=MS Dhoni's wife Sakshi Singh Rawat is an incurable romantic with little interest in cricket|access-date=3 July 2021|archive-date=19 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019005811/http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/getFiles.asp?Style=OliveXLib%3ALowLevelEntityToPrint_TOI&Type=text%2Fhtml&Locale=english-skin-custom&Path=TOIKM%2F2010%2F07%2F06&ID=Ar02102|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|others=PTI|date=4 July 2010|title=Dhoni to wed tonight|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/Dhoni-to-wed-tonight/article16184780.ece|access-date=26 October 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>The wedding took place in [[Dehradun]], [[Uttarakhand]], one day after the couple got engaged.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Sports/Cricket/Top-Stories/Dhoni-to-wed-tonight-BCCI-bigwigs-teammates-in-attendance/articleshow/6127123.cms |title=Dhoni set to tie knot on Sunday evening |work=The Times of India |date=4 July 2010 |access-date=20 December 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100708211824/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Sports/Cricket/Top-Stories/Dhoni-to-wed-tonight-BCCI-bigwigs-teammates-in-attendance/articleshow/6127123.cms |archive-date=8 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/news/2010/dhoni-sakshi-wedding-050710.html |title=Dhoni marries girlfriend in a hush hush manner |publisher=Entertainment.oneindia.in |date=5 July 2010 |access-date=20 December 2010 |archive-date=15 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715042440/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/news/2010/dhoni-sakshi-wedding-050710.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Dhoni and his wife have one daughter, Zeeva Dhoni.<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 February 2015 |title='I am on national duty, so everything else can wait' |work=Telegraph India |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/39-i-am-on-national-duty-so-everything-else-can-wait-39/cid/1480803}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=6 February 2015 |title=Mahendra Singh Dhoni Becomes Father to a Baby Girl |work=NDTV |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/icc-cricket-world-cup-2015/mahendra-singh-dhoni-becomes-father-to-a-baby-girl-1505545/amp/1}}</ref><br />
<br />
He lives in his farmhouse outside Ranchi along with his mother and father, his old house is situated in the city. He is ardent pet lover thus have many Dogs as pet inside the farmhouse. Dhoni likes to drive automobiles, he has different kind of bikes and cars in his collection.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://m.timesofindia.com/sports/off-the-field/watch-ms-dhonis-massive-bikes-and-cars-collection/amp_articleshow/101841616.cms&ved=2ahUKEwiU9MOMp9eBAxWkxjgGHRoMD2QQFnoECBoQAQ&usg=AOvVaw26YOGD6Og_gok3PY3Q3Z4N|website=Times of India|title=watch S Dhoni's [...] Car collection.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/mahendra-singh-dhoni-and-his-absolute-love-for-his-dogs-watch/story-yQIHmZ5SUxIHv8A8RztOjK_amp.html&ved=2ahUKEwiq_bmypteBAxWLxjgGHQlYB64QFnoECC4QAQ&usg=AOvVaw00NfvOp1nFpVUpm9kBYxG-|title= Dhoni and his absolute love for his dogs...}}</ref> He has purchased a house in Pune, Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/cricket/inside-ms-dhonis-rs-6-crore-worth-ranchi-farmhouse-named-kailashpati-personally-designed-by-ex-india-captain-see-pics-2647756.html/amp&ved=2ahUKEwiY8dKhpdeBAxVss1YBHa1tDrAQFnoECCgQAQ&usg=AOvVaw34IxIU5OEu1Z-7H7uuRuKw|website=Zee news}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/pune/ms-dhoni-buys-new-house-in-pimpari-chinchwad-mhsd-557222.html&ved=2ahUKEwj9n_LapdeBAxXD1TQHHYrBCsgQu7wFegQIFxAM&usg=AOvVaw06ovp5A1rnwhdrOLx3n5Ir|website=[[Lokmat]]|title= MS Dhoni झाला पुणेकर या भागात घेतल घर...}}</ref><br />
<br />
Dhoni is an enthusiast of the [[Indian Army]]. While spending a day with the [[Parachute Regiment (India)|parachute regiment]] in Ranchi, Dhoni said, I wanted to become a soldier not a cricketer, "Since childhood I wanted to join the Army. Seeing the soldiers, I thought that one day I'll be the same".<ref name=":3">{{cite web|title=I wanted to become a soldier, not a cricketer: Dhoni |url=http://www.firstpost.com/sports/i-wanted-to-become-a-soldier-not-a-cricketer-dhoni-1147527.html|access-date=11 October 2021|website=Firstpost|date=2 October 2013|language=en}}</ref> In 2011, he was bestowed with honorary rank of a Lieutenant Colonel in the Territorial Army's 106 Infantry Battalion.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=...Lieutenant col Dhoni to serve Indian army in Kashmir... |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-lieutenant-colonel-ms-dhoni-to-serve-indian-army-in-kashmir-for-a-fortnight/334856/amp&ved=2ahUKEwjRj6WpoteBAxXCs1YBHZ4vACo4ChAWegQIGxAB&usg=AOvVaw2JbHt6btRfp4azjHjtOplw |url-status=live |website=Outlook}}</ref> In August 2019, he did 15 day cource with India's army, during which he was given lessons of army petroling, ammunition training. He visited [[Anantnag|Anantnag,]] [[Uri (India)|Uri]] during his stint in [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] and served.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dhoni deployed in Jammu and Kashmir... |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DjvwyQfbqziM%26pp%3DygUNI2Rob25pamFtbXVkYQ%253D%253D&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwilyZLyoNeBAxX_2DgGHdUrBzsQtwJ6BAgFEAE&usg=AOvVaw1XHgYH2f781_8jS3vUgNyt |url-status=live |website=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dhoni territorial army training... |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/sports/cricket/story/ms-dhoni-territorial-army-training-completes-leh-airport-photos-lieutenant-colonel-1581698-2019-08-17&ved=2ahUKEwjXrOr_nteBAxXqmlYBHVIeBbQQFnoECAoQBQ&usg=AOvVaw25OIifT01yisYAg-SyqNWk |url-status=live |website=India Today}}</ref><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3" /><br />
<br />
He holds the post of vice-president marketing in [[India Cements|India Cements Ltd]]. The company is owned by former BCCI president and IPL franchise Chennai Super Kings' owner [[N. Srinivasan]].<ref name="sports.ndtv.com" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Mahendra Singh Dhoni named India Cements vice-president|work=Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/mahendra-singh-dhoni-named-india-cements-vice-president/articleshow/18289774.cms&ved=2ahUKEwippeTx0b30AhVOSmwGHcqgCEAQFnoECBMQAQ&usg=AOvVaw2WSs5DkPCknlqv52wzsEAy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jagannathan|first=K. T.|date=2 February 2013|title=India Cements appoints Dhoni as Vice-President|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/business/companies/india-cements-appoints-dhoni-as-vicepresident/article4369568.ece|access-date=29 November 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/in-a-first-india-cements-ropes-in-its-vp-marketing-captain-cool-ms-dhoni-to-endorse-two-brands-8239391.html | title=In a first, India Cements ropes in its VP Marketing 'Captain Cool' MS Dhoni to endorse two brands }}</ref><br />
<br />
== International records ==<br />
=== Test cricket record ===<br />
* Dhoni is the first Indian wicket-keeper to score 4,000 Test runs.<ref>{{Cite news |last=V |first=Alagappan |date=29 March 2018 |title=A look at MS Dhoni's Test records |work=SportSkeeda |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/slideshow/look-at-ms-dhonis-test-records-cricket |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403174508/https://www.sportskeeda.com/slideshow/look-at-ms-dhonis-test-records-cricket |archive-date=3 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=24 February 2013 |title=1st Test, Day 3: India vs Australia statistical highlights |work=NDTVSports |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/india-vs-australia-2013/1st-test-day-3-india-vs-australia-statistical-highlights-1540380 |quote=Dhoni is the first Indian and the seventh wicketkeeper to manage 4,000 runs or more in Tests - 4089Â (ave.40.08) in 74 Tests. Â, He has joined [[Adam Gilchrist]] (5570), [[Mark Boucher]] (5515), [[Alec Stewart]] (4540), [[Andy Flower]] (4404), [[Alan Knott]] (4389) and [[Ian Healy]] (4356).}}</ref><br />
* After hitting a six in the third Test against England in [[Rose Bowl (cricket ground)|Southampton]], Dhoni completed 50 sixes as a captain, an Indian record.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bose |first=Soumitra |date=30 July 2014 |title=Mahendra Singh Dhoni Slams a Record 50 Sixes as India Test Captain |work=NDTVSports |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/england-vs-india-2014/mahendra-singh-dhoni-slams-a-record-50-sixes-as-india-test-captain-1515145}}</ref><br />
* Dhoni, with 294 dismissals in his career, ranks first in the all-time dismissals list by Indian wicket-keepers.<ref name="wicket-keeper">{{cite news|title=India Test records – Most wicket-keeper career dismissals|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/keeping/most_dismissals_career.html?class=1;id=6;type=team|work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=20 June 2020|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214115924/https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/keeping/most_dismissals_career.html?class=1;id=6;type=team|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== ODI cricket record ===<br />
* Dhoni is the third captain (and the first non-Australian) overall to win 100 games.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shemilt |first=Stephan |date=19 March 2015 |title=India beat Bangladesh to reach Cricket World Cup semi-finals |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/31948172}}</ref><br />
* First player to pass 10,000 runs in ODI cricket with having a career average of over 50.<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 July 2018 |title=MS Dhoni crosses 10,000-run mark in ODIs, first batsman with 50+ average |work=Zee News |url=https://zeenews.india.com/cricket/ms-dhoni-crosses-10000-run-mark-first-batsman-with-50-average-2124614.html}}</ref><br />
* Most not outs (84) in ODIs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 August 2020 |title=MS Dhoni retires: 5 world records the former India captain still holds |work=Hindustan Times |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/ms-dhoni-retires-5-world-records-the-former-india-captain-still-holds/story-YbxnnG021spBzodUAzw5EK.html}}</ref><br />
* Dhoni's 183[[Not out|*]] against Sri Lanka in 2005 is the highest score by a wicket-keeper.<ref>{{cite web|title=Records / One-Day Internationals / Batting records / Most runs in an innings by a wicketkeeper|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/284210.html|publisher=espncricinfo.com|access-date=2 February 2017|archive-date=4 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504062235/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/284210.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* Dhoni and [[Bhuvneshwar Kumar]] were involved in a partnership of 100 not out against Sri Lanka, which is India's highest eighth wicket partnership in ODIs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/India/engine/records/fow/highest_partnerships_by_wicket.html?class=2;id=6;type=team |title=India/Records/ODI matches/Highest partnerships by wicket |work=ESPNCricinfo |access-date=1 July 2020 |archive-date=17 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817210610/https://stats.espncricinfo.com/india/engine/records/fow/highest_partnerships_by_wicket.html?class=2;id=6;type=team |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
* Dhoni holds the records of the most dismissals in an innings (6) and career (432) by an Indian wicket-keeper.<ref>{{cite web|title=Records / India / One-Day Internationals / Most dismissals|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/keeping/most_dismissals_career.html?class=2;id=6;type=team|publisher=espncricinfo.com|access-date=1 March 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123182532/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/keeping/most_dismissals_career.html?class=2%3Bid%3D6%3Btype%3Dteam|archive-date=23 November 2016}}</ref><br />
* Dhoni has the most stumpings (123) by any wicket-keeper in an ODI career, and is so far the only keeper to pass 100 stumpings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283792.html|title=Records {{!}} One-Day Internationals {{!}} Wicketkeeping records {{!}} Most dismissals in career {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|website=Cricinfo|access-date=6 February 2019|archive-date=23 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623070426/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283792.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-in-sri-lanka/india-v-sri-lanka-ms-dhoni-becomes-first-wicketkeeper-to-100-odi-stumpings/articleshow/60349872.cms|title=India v Sri Lanka: MS Dhoni becomes first wicketkeeper to 100 ODI stumpings|work=The Times of India|access-date=3 September 2017|archive-date=11 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111204030/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-in-sri-lanka/india-v-sri-lanka-ms-dhoni-becomes-first-wicketkeeper-to-100-odi-stumpings/articleshow/60349872.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== T20I cricket record ===<br />
* Dhoni holds the record for playing the most T20I innings (76) and scored the most runs (1,153) before scoring a fifty<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/cricket/5-players-taken-most-innings-score-maiden-fifty-t20is/5|title=most innings to score maiden fifty in T20Is|date=2 February 2017|work=sportskeeda|access-date=3 May 2017|archive-date=7 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707144608/https://www.sportskeeda.com/cricket/5-players-taken-most-innings-score-maiden-fifty-t20is/5|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricketcountry.com/news/ms-dhoni-registers-maiden-t20i-fifty-during-india-england-3rd-t20i-572441|title=first player to score 1000 T20I runs without a career fifty|work=cricket country|date=February 2017|access-date=3 May 2017|archive-date=2 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302090752/https://www.cricketcountry.com/news/ms-dhoni-registers-maiden-t20i-fifty-during-india-england-3rd-t20i-572441|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/yuzvendra-chahal-achieving-and-ms-dhoni-losing-world-record-other-statistical-highlights-from-india-england-3rd-t20i-572575|title=India v England 3rd T20I highlights|work=cricket country|date=2 February 2017|access-date=3 May 2017|archive-date=12 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012061525/https://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/yuzvendra-chahal-achieving-and-ms-dhoni-losing-world-record-other-statistical-highlights-from-india-england-3rd-t20i-572575|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* Most stumpings as wicket-keeper in T20Is (34)<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/slc-twenty20-15/content/records/283793.html|title=Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Wicketkeeping records / Most dismissals in career|work=cricinfo|access-date=3 May 2017|archive-date=25 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190425062952/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/slc-twenty20-15/content/records/283793.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* Most catches as wicket keeper in a T20I innings (5)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/slc-twenty20-15/content/records/283353.html|title=Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Wicketkeeping records / Most catches in an innings|work=cricinfo|access-date=3 May 2017|archive-date=8 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708193558/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/slc-twenty20-15/content/records/283353.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Combined Test, ODI and T20I records ===<br />
* He has played the most international matches as captain (332)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/slc-twenty20-15/content/records/283427.html|title=Records / Combined Test, ODI and T20I records / Individual records (captains, players, umpires) / Most matches as captain|work=cricinfo|access-date=3 May 2017|archive-date=26 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126180316/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/slc-twenty20-15/content/records/283427.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* Dhoni is the first, and so far only, wicket-keeper to make 150 stumpings across the three forms of the game. His current total of stumpings in internationals stands at 195<ref>{{cite web|title=MS Dhoni becomes first ever wicket-keeper to affect 150 stumpings|date=23 October 2016|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/cricket/india-vs-new-zealand-2016/ms-dhoni-becomes-first-ever-wicket-keeper-to-affect-150-stumpings_1942761.html|publisher=Zee News|access-date=2 February 2017|archive-date=26 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626201018/https://zeenews.india.com/sports/cricket/india-vs-new-zealand-2016/ms-dhoni-becomes-first-ever-wicket-keeper-to-affect-150-stumpings_1942761.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/slc-twenty20-15/content/records/283337.html|title=Records / Combined Test, ODI and T20I records /Wicketkeeping records / Most stumpings in career|work=cricinfo|access-date=3 May 2017|archive-date=28 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162745/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/slc-twenty20-15/content/records/283337.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Outside cricket ==<br />
<br />
=== Sports-team ownerships ===<br />
Along with [[Sahara India Pariwar]], Dhoni is a co-owner of [[Ranchi]]-based [[field hockey|hockey]] club [[Ranchi Rays]], a franchise of the [[Hockey India League]].<ref name=Launch>{{cite news|title=Dhoni buys Ranchi franchise of Hockey India League|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/hockey/hockey-india-league/top-stories/Dhoni-buys-Ranchi-franchise-of-Hockey-India-League/articleshow/44931020.cms|website=The Times of India|date=2 December 2014 |access-date=14 December 2014|archive-date=7 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307004916/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/hockey/hockey-india-league/top-stories/Dhoni-buys-Ranchi-franchise-of-Hockey-India-League/articleshow/44931020.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Dhoni is also a co-owner, along with [[Abhishek Bachchan]] and Vita Dani, of [[Chennai]]-based football club [[Chennaiyin FC]], a franchise of the [[Indian Super League]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/top-stories/MS-Dhoni-becomes-ISL-team-Chennaiyin-FC-co-owner/articleshow/44492402.cms |title=MS Dhoni becomes ISL team Chennaiyin FC co-owner |work=The Times of India |date=6 October 2014 |access-date=7 October 2014 |archive-date=6 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306143252/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/top-stories/MS-Dhoni-becomes-ISL-team-Chennaiyin-FC-co-owner/articleshow/44492402.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
Dhoni's interest in bikes is often discussed in media.<ref>[http://ww.itimes.com/album/ms-dhoni-and-his-bikes MS Dhoni and his bikes | itimes Photos] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827175230/http://ww.itimes.com/album/ms-dhoni-and-his-bikes |date=27 August 2016 }}. www.itimes.com (21 June 2012). Retrieved on 23 December 2013.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Business interests ===<br />
{{Main|SEVEN (brand)}}<br />
In 2012, he along with actor [[Dino Morea]] launched a merchandising company called ''Cool Maal''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-04-26 |title=M S Dhoni unplugged! |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/m-s-dhoni-unplugged/story-CW8qhqxq6qZgOTTBlsKJrK.html |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> In February 2016, Dhoni launched lifestyle brand [[SEVEN (brand)|SEVEN]]. Dhoni owns the footwear side of the brand and is also the brand ambassador of SEVEN.<ref name="Seven grosses over $2.5 mio">{{cite news|title=Seven grosses over $2.5 mio|work=[[The Economic Times]]|access-date=27 August 2017|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/dhonis-brand-seven-grosses-over-2-5-million-in-three-months/articleshow/53221126.cms|archive-date=13 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613020204/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/dhonis-brand-seven-grosses-over-2-5-million-in-three-months/articleshow/53221126.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2019, Dhoni invested in [[CARS24]] and simultaneously became brand ambassador of the company.<ref name="cars24">{{cite news |title=MS Dhoni invests in CARS24, will be the company's brand ambassador |url=https://brandequity.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/marketing/ms-dhoni-invests-in-cars24-will-be-the-companys-brand-ambassador/70656630 |access-date=18 September 2020 |work=The Economic Times |date=13 August 2019 |language=en |archive-date=2 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302080047/https://brandequity.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/marketing/ms-dhoni-invests-in-cars24-will-be-the-companys-brand-ambassador/70656630 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
On 11 October 2022, at an event in [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]], MS Dhoni was unveiled as the newest member of a startup. He has invested in [https://www.shakaharry.com/ Shaka Harry],<ref>{{Cite web |agency=Press Trust of India |date=2022-07-24 |title=Big FMCG companies enter plant-based meat segment, target non-veg consumers |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/big-fmcg-companies-enter-plant-based-meat-segment-target-non-veg-consumers-122072400548_1.html |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.business-standard.com |language=en}}</ref> a plant-based protein company.<ref>{{Cite news |title=MS Dhoni invests in plant-based protein startup Shaka Harry |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/ms-dhoni-invests-in-plant-based-protein-startup-shaka-harry/articleshow/94792244.cms |access-date=2022-10-12}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Dhoni Entertainment ===<br />
In 2019, Dhoni Entertainment entered into a long-term business agreement with [[Banijay Group|Banijay Asia]] to produce content in various genres.<ref name="Dhoni Entertainment">{{cite news|title=Banijay Asia, MS Dhoni Ink Pact To Create Content Across Genres|work=[[The Economic Times]]|access-date=21 May 2019|url=https://www.economictimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/entertainment-a-new-innings-for-ms-dhoni/amp_articleshow/67413240.cms}}</ref> The first show developed was a documentary web series, titled ''[[Roar of The Lion (documentary)|Roar of The Lion]]'', about the comeback of the Chennai Super Kings to lift the 2018 Indian Premier League starring MS Dhoni in the lead role.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.insidesport.co/hotstar-to-launch-docudrama-with-dhoni-on-march-20/|title=Roar of the Lion – The untold Dhoni story to come on Hotstar|last=Kansal|first=Sonal|date=6 March 2019|website=InsideSport|language=en-gb|access-date=12 March 2019|archive-date=3 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703181300/https://www.insidesport.co/hotstar-to-launch-docudrama-with-dhoni-on-march-20/|url-status=live}}</ref> The web series is the biggest ever release through the platform of [[Disney+ Hotstar|Hotstar Specials]] and started its online streaming from 20 March 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.spotboye.com/bollywood/news/ms-dhoni-s-production-roar-of-lions-to-be-the-first-big-release-on-hotstar-specials/5c7ea15f2c1b271a95990d43|title=MS Dhoni's Production Roar of Lions To Be The First Big Release on Hotstar Specials|website=www.spotboye.com|language=en-US|access-date=12 March 2019|archive-date=3 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703181240/https://www.spotboye.com/bollywood/news/ms-dhoni-s-production-roar-of-lions-to-be-the-first-big-release-on-hotstar-specials/5c7ea15f2c1b271a95990d43|url-status=live}}</ref> The romantic drama ''[[LGM (film)|LGM]]'', starring [[Harish Kalyan]] and [[Ivana (actress)|Ivana]], was released on 28 July 2023, and received mixed reviews from critics.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dhoni Entertainment’s ‘LGM - Let’s Get Married’ to release in theatres on July 28 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/dhoni-entertainments-lgm-lets-get-married-to-release-in-theatres-on-july-28/article67100795.ece |website=The Hindu |access-date=28 July 2023 |language=en-IN |date=20 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=LGM – Let’s Get Married Review: Sakshi, Dhoni gift the most nonsensical film of 2023 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/movies/regional-cinema/story/lgm-lets-get-married-review-sakshi-dhoni-gift-the-most-nonsensical-film-of-2023-2412841-2023-07-28 |website=India Today |access-date=28 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=LGM: Let’s Get Married Movie Review : LGM - Not a sixer this time |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/lgm-lets-get-married/movie-review/102186042.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=28 July 2023}}</ref> <br />
<br />
=== Territorial Army ===<br />
[[File:The Chief of Army Staff, Gen. V.K. Singh pipping in the Rank of Hon. Lt. Col. to Indian Skipper M.S. Dhoni, in New Delhi on November 01, 2011.jpg|thumb|The Chief of Army Staff, Gen. [[V. K. Singh|V.K. Singh]] pipping in the Rank of Hon. Lt. Col. to M.S. Dhoni]]<br />
Dhoni holds an [[honorary rank]] of [[Lieutenant colonel|Lieutenant Colonel]] in the [[Parachute Regiment (India)|Parachute Regiment]] of the [[Territorial Army (India)|Indian Territorial Army]] (106 Para TA battalion).<ref name="Saharoy"/> The honorary rank was presented to him by the [[Indian Army]] in 2011 for his service to the nation as a [[cricket]]er.<ref name="The Hindu"/><br />
<br />
After completing five parachute training jumps from Indian Army aircraft in the Agra training camp, he became a [[Paratrooper|qualified paratrooper]] in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lavania|first=Deepak|date=21 August 2020|title=Dhoni 'the paratrooper' knew how to land smoothly |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/dhoni-the-paratrooper-knew-how-to-land-smoothly/articleshow/77578267.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:https://m.timesofindia.com/city/agra/dhoni-the-paratrooper-knew-how-to-land-smoothly/amp_articleshow/77578267.cms|archive-date=21 August 2020|access-date=23 August 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> In August 2019 he completed a two-week stint with the Territorial Army in [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Lieutenant Colonel MS Dhoni completes 15-day Army stint. |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ms-dhoni-territorial-army-training-completes-leh-airport-photos-lieutenant-colonel-1581698-2019-08-17 |website=www.indiatoday.in |publisher=India Today |access-date=17 August 2019 |archive-date=2 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102100307/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ms-dhoni-territorial-army-training-completes-leh-airport-photos-lieutenant-colonel-1581698-2019-08-17 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
== Awards and achievements ==<br />
{{See also|Player of the Match awards (cricket)}}<br />
[[File:The President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind presenting the Padma Bhushan Award to Shri M.S. Dhoni, at the Civil Investiture Ceremony-II, at Rashtrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi on April 02, 2018.jpg|thumb|The President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind presenting the Padma Bhushan Award to Shri M.S. Dhoni on Monday, 2 April 2018<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/ms-dhoni-s-padma-bhushan-award-reminds-stars-of-2011-cricket-world-cup-win/story-0EHBp2bZFa5GTFczZyZa3K.html|title=MS Dhoni's Padma Bhushan Award remind stars of 2011 Cricket World Cup win|date=3 April 2018}}</ref>]]<br />
<br />
=== National honours ===<br />
* 2018: [[Padma Bhushan]], India's third-highest civilian award.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=Santosh |date=3 April 2018 |title=MS Dhoni Receives Padma Bhushan Award From President Ram Nath Kovind, Twitter Loves It |work=NDTVSports.com |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/ms-dhoni-receives-padma-bhushan-award-from-president-ram-nath-kovind-twitter-loves-it-1831906}}</ref><br />
* 2009: [[Padma Shri]], India's fourth-highest civilian award.<ref>{{Cite news|others=PTI|date=22 December 2009|title=Dhoni receives Padma award|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/Dhoni-receives-Padma-award/article16854754.ece|access-date=27 October 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
* 2007–08: [[Khel Ratna Award|Major Dhyanchand Khel Ratna award]], India's highest honor given for achievement in sports.<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 August 2008 |title=Dhoni to be awarded Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna |work=NDTVSports |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/dhoni-to-be-awarded-rajiv-gandhi-khel-ratna-1604204}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Sporting honours ===<br />
* [[ICC Awards|ICC ODI Player of the Year]]: 2008, 2009<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 September 2008 |title=Dhoni wins ICC ODI Player of the Year award |work=India Today |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/latest-headlines/story/dhoni-wins-icc-odi-player-of-the-year-award-29667-2008-09-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2 September 2009 |title=Indian cricketers dominate 2009 ICC awards list |work=Indian Express |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/indian-cricketers-dominate-2009-icc-awards-list/510768/}}</ref><br />
* [[ICC Awards|ICC World ODI XI]]: 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 (captain in 2009, 2011–2014)<ref>{{Cite news|others=PTI|date=5 November 2014|title=Dhoni named captain of ICC' 'ODI Team of the Year'|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/dhoni-named-captain-of-icc-odi-team-of-the-year/article6567080.ece|access-date=27 October 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=3 December 2013|title=Dhoni named captain of ICC ODI team|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/dhoni-named-captain-of-icc-odi-team/article5417930.ece|access-date=27 October 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
* [[Castrol Awards for Cricketing Excellence|Castrol Indian Cricketer of the Year]]: 2011<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 August 2012 |title=MS Dhoni, Unmukt Chand bag top honours at Cricket Awards |work=NDTV |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/mahendra-singh-dhoni-is-the-indian-cricketer-of-the-year-2011-1548669}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=16 November 2017 |title=Dhoni conferred with Castrol Cricketer of 2011 |work=BusinessLine |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/sports/Dhoni-conferred-with-Castrol-Cricketer-of-2011/article20491132.ece}}</ref><br />
*[[ICC Awards of the Decade|ICC Men's ODI team of the decade]]: 2011–2020 (captain and wicketkeeper)<ref name="Dhoni-ICC Awards of the Decade">{{Cite news |date=29 December 2020 |title=ICC Team of the Decade: MS Dhoni named captain for both T20I and ODI, Virat Kohli Test captain |work=Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/icc-team-of-the-decade-ms-dhoni-captain-t20i-odi-virat-kohli-test-captain-7122178/}}</ref><br />
*[[ICC Awards of the Decade|ICC Men's T20I team of the decade]]: 2011–2020 (captain and wicketkeeper)<ref name="Dhoni-ICC Awards of the Decade" /><br />
*[[ICC Awards of the Decade|ICC Spirit of the cricket award of the decade]]: 2011–2020<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Saurabh |date=28 December 2020 |title=MS Dhoni wins ICC Spirit of Cricket Award of the Decade |work=India Today |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ms-dhoni-wins-icc-spirit-of-cricket-award-of-the-decade-1753837-2020-12-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Ajay Pal |date=28 December 2020 |title=MS Dhoni Wins ICC Spirit Of Cricket Award Of The Decade, Rohit Sharma Reacts |work=NDTV |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/ms-dhoni-wins-icc-spirit-of-cricket-award-of-the-decade-rohit-sharma-reacts-2344760/amp/1}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Other honours and awards ===<br />
* [[MTV Youth Icon of the Year]]: 2006<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 June 2006 |title=Dhoni voted MTV youth icon 2006 |work=News18 |url=https://www.news18.com/cricketnext/news/dhoni-voted-mtv-youth-icon-2006-2-535056.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=6 November 2011 |title=Dhoni now India's most successful keeper |work=NDTV |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/photos/dhoni-now-indias-most-successful-keeper-10863#img-26 |quote=For his swashbuckling style, composed demeanor and subdued flamboyance, Dhoni was chosen as MTV's Youth Icon of the year in 2006, within 2 years of his international debut.}}</ref><br />
* [[2013 ICC Awards|LG People's Choice Award]]: 2013<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 December 2013 |title=Mahendra Singh Dhoni wins 2013 LG People's Choice Award |work=Indian Express |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/mahendra-singh-dhoni-wins-2013-lg-peoples-choice-award/1203325/}}</ref><br />
* Honorary doctorate degree by [[De Montfort University]] in August 2011<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 August 2011 |title=UK University to confer Doctorate on Dhoni |work=NDTVSports |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/uk-university-to-confer-doctorate-on-dhoni-1567041}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=29 August 2011|title=Dhoni gets doctorate|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/dhoni-gets-doctorate/article2409712.ece|access-date=15 September 2020|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=3 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703181240/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/dhoni-gets-doctorate/article2409712.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* [[CNN-News18 Indian of the Year]]: 2011<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 November 2011 |title=CNN-IBN host prestigious CNN-IBN Indian of the Year Award 2011 |work=IndiaInfoline |url=https://www.indiainfoline.com/article/news-top-story/cnn-ibn-host-prestigious-cnn-ibn-indian-of-the-year-award-2011-113103000570_1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703181240/https://www.indiainfoline.com/article/news-top-story/cnn-ibn-host-prestigious-cnn-ibn-indian-of-the-year-award-2011-113103000570_1.html |archive-date=3 July 2021}}</ref><br />
*In 2019, the [[Jharkhand Cricket Association]] named their stadium's South stand after Dhoni – M.S. DHONI PAVILION.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sadhu |first=Rahul |date=7 March 2019 |title=MS Dhoni declines invitation to inaugurate the 'Dhoni Pavilion' at JSCA Stadium in Ranchi |work=Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ms-dhoni-declines-to-inaugurate-dhoni-pavilion-5614417/}}</ref><br />
*In 2023, the [[Mumbai Cricket Association]] (MCA) has decided to honour him by dedicating seats (J282–J286) at the Wankhede Stadium where he hit the winning shot in 2011 World Cup Final.<ref>{{cite web|date=5 April 2023|title =Wankhede to have memorial for MS Dhoni’s World Cup-winning six|url=https://crickdom.news/wankhede-to-have-memorial-for-ms-dhonis-world-cup-winning-six/|website= Crickdom.news}}</ref><br />
<br />
== In media ==<br />
* A movie was made based on Dhoni's life, from his childhood to the [[2011 Cricket World Cup]], titled ''[[M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story]]'', with [[Sushant Singh Rajput]] in the titular role was released on 29 September 2016 with critical and commercial success.<ref>{{cite web|date=19 October 2016|title=MS Dhoni: The Untold Story Plot Summary|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/MS-Dhoni-The-Untold-Story-Plot-Summary/articleshow/54934334.cms|access-date=2 December 2020|website=The Times of India|archive-date=3 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703181300/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/MS-Dhoni-The-Untold-Story-Plot-Summary/articleshow/54934334.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* He was in the [[Disney+ Hotstar]] 2019 docudrama ''[[Roar of the Lion (web series)]],'' This five-episode docudrama tried to unravel the darkest phase of MS Dhoni's cricketing career, involving the ban on Chennai Super Kings due to the illegal betting activities by the team's main official, [[Gurunath Meiyappan]].<ref name="Jul 14" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Roar of the Lion|url=https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/roar-of-the-lion/1260003996|access-date=23 October 2021|website=Disney+ Hotstar|language=en}}</ref><br />
* ''The Dhoni Touch: unraveling the enigma that is Mahendra Singh Dhoni'', a book by Bharat Sundaresan.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Popular biographies & autobiographies of Indian cricketers |date=31 January 2020 |first=Aarohy |last=Kapoor|work=[[Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/most-searched-products/books/virat-kohli-ms-dhoni-sachin-tendulkar-more-biographies-autobiographies-of-indian-cricketers/articleshow/71565207.cms}}</ref><br />
* [[Dhoni (film)|Dhoni]] (2012), directed and produced by [[Prakash Raj]]. Where the plot illustrates the conflicting interests of a father and his son; the father wants his son to study [[Master of Business Administration|MBA]], but his son is more interested in sports and wants to become a famous cricketer like [[Mahendra Singh Dhoni]].<ref>{{cite web|author=INN |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/tollywood/audio-release-dhoni-month-326 |title=Audio release of Dhoni this month |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=2012-01-03 |access-date=2012-08-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202141301/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/tollywood/audio-release-dhoni-month-326 |archive-date=2 February 2016 |df=dmy }}</ref><ref name="indiatimes1">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-12/news-interviews/30616727_1_prakash-raj-directorial-debut-dhoni | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120716173459/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-12/news-interviews/30616727_1_prakash-raj-directorial-debut-dhoni | url-status=dead | archive-date=16 July 2012 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Dhoni is a thought provoking film | date=12 January 2012}}</ref> It was based on the Marathi film ''[[Shikshanachya Aaicha Gho]]'' by [[Mahesh Manjrekar]].<br />
* Dhoni is making his debut film production venture, along with his wife Sakshi unveiled the teaser of the Tamil film 'Let's Get Married' starring [[Harish Kalyan]] and Ivana. Sakhi conceptualises the film’s story and is produced by Dhoni's production house Dhoni Entertainment.<ref>{{cite news|title=LGM teaser: MS Dhoni’s debut feature production looks like a fun-filled romantic drama|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/lgm-teaser-ms-dhonis-debut-feature-production-looks-like-fun-filled-romantic-drama-8651995/|date=8 June 2023|work=[[Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=MS Dhoni & Sakshi unveil Harish Kalyan's 'LGM' teaser|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/ms-dhoni-sakshi-unveil-harish-kalyans-lgm-teaser/articleshow/100829173.cms?pcode=461|date=7 June 2023|work=[[Times of india|Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Watch: MS Dhoni drops teaser of his production venture 'Let's Get Married' starring Harish Kalyan and Ivana|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/sports/report-watch-ms-dhoni-drops-teaser-of-his-production-venture-let-s-get-married-starring-harish-kalyan-and-ivana-3046665|date=8 June 2023|work=[[DNA India]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{Instagram|mahi7781}}<br />
* {{Sports links}}<br />
* MS Dhoni at [https://indiankanoon.org/search/?formInput=+Mahendra+Singh+Dhoni IndianKanoon]<br />
<br />
{{s-start-collapsible|header={{S-sports}}}}<br />
{{succession box<br />
| before=[[Anil Kumble]]<br />
| title=[[Indian National Test Cricket Captains|Indian National Test Cricket Captain]]<br />
| years=2008–2014<br />
| after=[[Virat Kohli]]<br />
}}<br />
{{succession box<br />
| before=[[Rahul Dravid]]<br />
| title=[[Indian national cricket captains|Indian One-Day captains]]<br />
| years=2007–2016<br />
| after=[[Virat Kohli]]<br />
{{succession box<br />
| before=[[Virender Sehwag]]<br />
| title=[[Indian national cricket captains|Indian T20I Captain]]<br />
| years=2007–2016<br />
| after=[[Virat Kohli]]<br />
}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{s-end}}<br />
{{navboxes<br />
|title=Navigation boxes related to MS Dhoni<br />
|state=collapsed<br />
|list1=<br />
{{Navboxes<br />
|title= Awards and Achievements<br />
|bg= #0077FF<br />
|fg= white<br />
|bordercolor=#ff8800<br />
|list1=<br />
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Sports}}<br />
{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 2010–19}}<br />
{{Batsmen who have scored 10000 Runs in ODI Cricket}}<br />
{{ICC ODI player of the year}}<br />
{{Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Awardees}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Man of the Match in ICC Cricket World Cup Final}}<br />
{{Navboxes<br />
|title= India squads<br />
|bg= #0077FF<br />
|fg= white<br />
|bordercolor=#ff8800<br />
|list1=<br />
{{India Squad 2007 Cricket World Cup}}<br />
{{India Squad 2007 ICC World Twenty20}}<br />
{{India Squad 2010 Asia Cup}}<br />
{{India Squad 2011 Cricket World Cup}}<br />
{{India Squad 2013 ICC Champions Trophy}}<br />
{{India Squad 2015 Cricket World Cup}}<br />
{{India Squad 2016 Asia Cup}}<br />
{{India Squad 2018 Asia Cup}}<br />
{{India Squad 2019 Cricket World Cup}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Indian Test Cricket Captains}}<br />
{{India ODI Cricket Captains}}<br />
{{India T20I Cricket Captains}}<br />
{{Chennai Super Kings squad}}<br />
<!--{{Batsmen who have scored 10000 Runs in Test Cricket|state=collapsed}}--><br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Subject bar<br />
|commons = yes<br />
|d = yes<br />
|q = yes<br />
|portal1 = Biography<br />
|portal2 = Cricket<br />
|portal3 = India<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dhoni, Mahendra Singh}}<br />
[[Category:1981 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Kumaoni people]]<br />
[[Category: People from Uttarakhand]]<br />
[[Category:People from Ranchi]]<br />
[[Category:Indian A cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:Jharkhand cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:Cricketers from Jharkhand]]<br />
[[Category:Bihar cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:Wicket-keepers]]<br />
[[Category:India Blue cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:India One Day International cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:ACC Asian XI One Day International cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:Cricketers at the 2007 Cricket World Cup]]<br />
[[Category:Cricketers at the 2011 Cricket World Cup]]<br />
[[Category:Cricketers at the 2015 Cricket World Cup]]<br />
[[Category:Cricketers at the 2019 Cricket World Cup]]<br />
[[Category:India Twenty20 International cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:East Zone cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:India Test cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:India Test cricket captains]]<br />
[[Category:Chennai Super Kings cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in sports]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Khel Ratna Award]]<br />
[[Category:Rising Pune Supergiant cricketers]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in sports]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian people]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian people]]</div>LHist2021https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leopoldo_da_Gama&diff=432637Leopoldo da Gama2023-10-03T07:47:12Z<p>LHist2021: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Goan journalist and writer (1843–1929)}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| honorific_suffix = [[Esquire]]<br />
| name = Leopoldo da Gama<br />
| birth_name = Leopoldo Copriano Gama<br />
| other_names = L.C. Gama<br />
| image =<br />
| caption =<br />
| birth_place = [[Saligão]], [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]], [[Portuguese Empire]] (now in India)<br />
| birth_date = {{circa|1843}}<br />
| education = Latinidade and Portuguese School<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|1929|4|27|df=y|1843}}<br />
| death_place = [[Penha de França, Goa]], Portuguese India, Portuguese Empire <br />
| occupation = {{hlist|Journalist|writer}}<br />
| years_active = 1874–1917<br />
| known_for = Assertive style of [[argumentation]] in [[polemical]] writings<br />
| module = {{Infobox officeholder<br />
| embed = yes<br />
| office = Deputy [[Postmaster General]] of Portuguese India, Goa<br />
| term_start = 12 December 1874<br />
| term_end = unknown}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Leopoldo Cipriano da Gama''' [[Esq.]] (born '''Leopoldo Copriano Gama'''; {{circa|1843}} – 27 April 1929) was a [[Goan]] journalist and writer who was active during the era of [[Portuguese India]]. He was one of the notable contributors in the Portuguese [[weekly newspaper]] called "''A Convicção''". Through his articles, he skillfully conveyed his [[humanistic education]], ensuring that the [[Portuguese literature|Portuguese content]] he presented to readers was thoughtfully organized and devoid of excessive, unprocessed facts.<br />
<br />
In his book titled "''Goa and Its Future''," published in 1966, author Sarto Esteves acknowledges the individuals that made significant contributions to the field of journalism. Da Gama, Dada Vaidya Hari Vithal Desai, Liberio Pereira, and [[Luís de Menezes Bragança]] were among the respected figures who achieved prominence within the journalistic landscape.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Esteves |first=Sarto |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oNQLAAAAIAAJ&q=Leopoldo+da+Gama |title=Goa and Its Future |date=1966 |publisher=Manaktalas |language=en |access-date=2023-09-28 |archive-date=2023-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929074712/https://books.google.com/books?id=oNQLAAAAIAAJ&q=Leopoldo+da+Gama |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
According to Sushila Sawant Mendes, a journalist associated with ''[[O Heraldo]]'', da Gama, Menezes Bragança, António de Noronha, Pascoal Gomes, João Barreto, Minguel Caetanco Dias, Bernardo da Costa, and António Gregório de Costa played significant roles as influential figures within their community. These individuals were instrumental in upholding the liberal Portuguese legacy and exerted considerable influence over their own people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portuguese Liberal Thought: Kindling the Goan Mind |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Edit/By-invitation/Portuguese-Liberal-Thought-Kindling-the-Goan-Mind-/204707 |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=oHeraldo |archive-date=2023-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928072544/https://www.heraldgoa.in/Edit/By-invitation/Portuguese-Liberal-Thought-Kindling-the-Goan-Mind-/204707 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Early life==<br />
Leopoldo Copriano Gama was born in {{circa|1843}} in [[Saligão]], [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]], during the [[Portuguese Empire]] (now in India) to Luis Antonio Gama and Carlota Guilhermina Gonsalves.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gA03REgT2U0C&q=Leopoldo+Cipriano+da+Gama+1843 |title=Boletim eclesiástico da Arquidiocese de Goa |date=1962 |publisher=Paço Patriarcal. |language=pt-BR |access-date=2023-09-29 |archive-date=2023-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930082825/https://books.google.com/books?id=gA03REgT2U0C&q=Leopoldo+Cipriano+da+Gama+1843 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=30 June 2006 |title=Death Certificate |url=https://goaonline.gov.in/Appln/UIL/BirthDeathCertificate_af?__Key=&_Mode=D&__cscKey= |access-date=29 September 2023 |website=Goa Online |archive-date=30 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930082842/https://goaonline.gov.in/HomePage |url-status=live }}</ref> He was an alumnus of the Latinidade and Portuguese School for boys in Saligão, which was established by Fr. Lazaro de Souza and was among the first four Government Public Schools in Goa. This educational institution had a specific focus on teaching [[Latin]] and [[Lyceum]] classes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mascarenhas |first=Fr. Nascimento |date=2009-12-27 |title=Historical view of education and schools in Saligao |url=http://www.saligaoserenade.com/2009/12/27/historical-view-of-education-and-schools-in-saligao/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702102109/http://www.saligaoserenade.com/2009/12/27/historical-view-of-education-and-schools-in-saligao/ |archive-date=2011-07-02 |access-date=2023-09-28 |website=Saligao Serenade}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Described as possessing quick thinking and a spirited nature, da Gama exhibited a broad cultural knowledge and expressed himself with precision. According to [[J. Clement Vaz]], da Gama's command of [[classical literature]] was unparalleled, and he demonstrated a profound understanding of significant works in [[French literature|French]] and [[English literature]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Vaz |first=J. Clement |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7DJLxYBYA-YC&dq=Leopoldo+da+Gama&pg=PA178 |title=Profiles of Eminent Goans, Past and Present |date=1997 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-7022-619-2 |language=en |access-date=2023-09-28 |archive-date=2023-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929074714/https://books.google.com/books?id=7DJLxYBYA-YC&dq=Leopoldo+da+Gama&pg=PA178 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Style==<br />
Da Gama's literary style was described by [[Luís de Menezes Bragança]] as follows: He was a true journalist, possessing quick mental agility, a strong fighting spirit, and a diverse range of knowledge. His articles consistently revealed his [[humanistic education]]. Additionally, his skill in portraying history was remarkable. He had the ability to illuminate and suggest historical events in international chronicles, drawing appropriate parallels that went beyond superficial details and delving into their profound significance and far-reaching consequences. In debates, he was both a justifier and a formidable opponent. His arguments were convincing, his sarcasm devastating, and his wit disorienting.<ref name=":2" /><br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
Prior to embarking on his literary pursuits, da Gama rose to prominence through his service as a government official within the Portuguese Government. In accordance with historical records found in [[The Asiatic Society of Mumbai#Journal|The Journal of the Bombay Branch of Royal Asiatic Society]], which was published in 1875, da Gama assumed the position of Deputy [[Postmaster General]] of [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]], on 12 December 1874, around the age of 30–31.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Branch |first=Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland Bombay |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KrPRGHtMlhcC&dq=Leopoldo+Cipriano+da+Gama&pg=PR55 |title=Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society |date=1875 |publisher=Probsthain |language=en |access-date=2023-09-29 |archive-date=2023-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930082826/https://books.google.com/books?id=KrPRGHtMlhcC&dq=Leopoldo+Cipriano+da+Gama&pg=PR55#v=onepage&q=Leopoldo%20Cipriano%20da%20Gama&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:A Convicção.jpg|thumb|The fifth issue of ''A Convicção'' published on 23 January 1909.]]<br />
During the late 19th century, da Gama directed his focus towards producing literary works in the Portuguese language. He made his debut in the literary world through his contribution to "''A Convicção''," (The Conviction) a weekly magazine that originated in his native town of [[Saligão]] in 1887. The magazine, under the editorial guidance of Francisco Salvador Pinto, Gustavo Adolpho de Frias, Paschoal João Gomes, and da Gama, published its inaugural edition on 15 January 1887.<ref name=":3" /> <br />
<br />
Da Gama relocated from Goa to [[History of Bombay under Portuguese rule (1534–1661)|Bombaim]] (now [[Mumbai]]) in 1891 with the purpose of dedicating himself to his literary pursuits. His endeavors primarily involved editorial work for weekly newspapers. During this period, da Gama became a member of the ''[[Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa]]'', a Portuguese [[scientific society]] headquartered in [[Lisbon]]. As a C class member, he joined a diverse community of intellectuals, journalists, and politicians from various corners of the globe.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lisboa |first=Sociedade de Geografia de |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UWgvAQAAMAAJ&dq=Leopoldo+Cypriano+da+Gama&pg=PA137 |title=Lista de socios |date=1900 |publisher=Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa |language=pt-BR}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:A EVOLUÇÃO weekly newspaper 1895.jpg|thumb|The first issue of ''A Evolução'' published on 2 January 1895.]]<br />
Between 1890 and 1891, da Gama engaged in editorial activities for the [[weekly newspaper]] "''Horas Vagas''" (Vacant Hours) alongside Julio Ribeiro. Subsequently, from 1891 to 1892, da Gama assumed the role of editor for another weekly newspaper known as "''A Colonia Goana''" (The Goana Colony).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Śiroḍakara |first=Pra Pā |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dixuAAAAMAAJ&q=leopoldo+cipriano+da+gama |title=Goa's External Relations: Seminar Papers |date=1992 |publisher=Rajhauns Vitaran |isbn=978-81-85339-88-7 |language=en |access-date=2023-09-29 |archive-date=2023-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930082907/https://books.google.com/books?id=dixuAAAAMAAJ&q=leopoldo+cipriano+da+gama |url-status=live }}</ref> Following these endeavors, da Gama returned to Goa and commenced his writing contributions to the weekly newspaper "''A Evolução''" (The Evolution). The first issue was published in [[Nova Goa]] (now Panaji) on 2 January 1895. However, the same year on 13 November, the newspaper was suspended, with its last 31st issue.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Costa |first=Aleixo Manuel da |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5NgZAAAAMAAJ&q=evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o+leopoldo+cipriano |title=Literatura goesa: apontamentos bio-bibliográficos para a sua história |date=1967 |publisher=Agência-Geral do Ultramar |language=pt-BR |access-date=2023-09-29 |archive-date=2023-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930082827/https://books.google.com/books?id=5NgZAAAAMAAJ&q=evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o+leopoldo+cipriano |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
Da Gama was a notable contributor to ''[[The Gazette of India|Gazeta da India]]'', a weekly periodical that served as a [[public journal]] and was published in [[Candolim]] in 1893. Over the course of its publication, the journal released a total of 73 issues, with the first one appearing in February and the final issue being published on 4 August. Initially, the content of the journal was authored by Francisco Pinto up to issue number 15, after which da Gama took over as the primary writer. The editing responsibilities for ''Gazeta da India'' were undertaken by Roberto da Nazareth.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last1=Leal |first1=Sebastião Correia Lobo de Andrade da Silva |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H0fgAAAAMAAJ&q=leopoldo&pg=PA30 |title=Jornaes indo-portuguezes: publicaçâo commemorativa da Exposiçâo da Imprensa realisada em maio de 1898 ; contendo a descripçâo dos jornaes publicados em Goa, Damâo, Diu e Bombaim desde 1821 até ao presente |last2=Leal |first2=Silva |date=1898 |publisher=Imprensa de Libanio da Silva |language=pt-BR |access-date=2023-09-30 |archive-date=2023-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930082827/https://books.google.com/books?id=H0fgAAAAMAAJ&q=leopoldo&pg=PA30#v=snippet&q=leopoldo&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
In the latter part of his professional journey, da Gama assumed the role of director for a prominent political and literary news weekly called "''Vida Nova''" (New Life). The publication was first launched in 1913 in the town of [[Mapuçá]] and was overseen by the editor, Mazone Rozo da Gama. Spanning a duration of four years, from 1913 to 1917, the periodical comprised a total of 196 issues. The archives documenting the existence of this publication are housed at the ''[[Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra]] in [[Coimbra]], Portugal.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Geral |first=Universidade de Coimbra Biblioteca |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MvUcN6TrHQIC&dq=Leopoldo+Cypriano+da+Gama&pg=PA557 |title=Publicações Periódicas Portuguesas Existentes na Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra (1911 - 1926) |publisher=UC Biblioteca Geral 1 |language=pt-BR}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Personal life==<br />
Da Gama was a [[polemicist]] known for his assertive style of argumentation. Through his convincing arguments, incisive sarcasm, and disorienting humor, he often left his opponents at a disadvantage. According to Vaz's writings, his opponents frequently found themselves intellectually challenged and unable to effectively respond. Da Gama demonstrated a willingness to appreciate and acknowledge individuals who embraced alternative perspectives on life and the world, reflecting an open-minded approach to differing viewpoints.<ref name=":0" /><br />
<br />
During his formative years as a reader, [[Luís de Menezes Bragança]] developed a deep appreciation for the literary contributions of da Gama. Particularly, he found great delight and admiration in da Gama's articles pertaining to [[international politics]], as well as his polemical writings published in "''Horas Vagas''" and later in ''[[The Gazette of India|Gazeta de India]]''. Da Gama's writing style was characterized by its spirited nature and intellectual vigor, reflecting a resolute determination in his scholarly endeavors.<ref name=":0" /> On 27 April 1929, aged 85–86, da Gama died in [[Penha de França, Goa|Penha de França]], Goa.<ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
*{{cite book |last=da Gama |first=Leopoldo Cypriano|year=1912 |title=Luis Xavier Corrêa da Graça: apontamentos biographicos |location=[[Nova Goa]]|publisher=Arthur & Viegas|pages= |language=Portuguese|oclc=174391203}}<br />
<br />
==Further reading==<br />
*{{cite book |last=da Cruz |first=Antônio |year=1974 |title=Goa: Men and Matters |location=Vasco da Gama, Goa, India|publisher=Ashok Printing Press|pages=VIII |oclc=1378615707}}<br />
*{{cite book |last1=Pereira |first1=Policarpo |last2=Dempo |first2=Voicunta Sinai |last3=Sardessai |first3=Venctexa V.|year=1972 |title=Menezes Braganza: Biographical Sketch|pages=54 |oclc=3034883}}<br />
*{{cite book |year=1953 |title=[[Boletim do Instituto Vasco da Gama]]|location=Bastora, Goa|publisher=Tipografia Rangel|pages=174 |language=Portuguese|oclc=7619629}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:da Gama, Leopoldo}}<br />
[[Category:1843 births]]<br />
[[Category:1929 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Journalists from Goa]]<br />
[[Category:Portuguese-language writers]]<br />
[[Category:People from South Goa district]]</div>LHist2021https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=800_(film)&diff=426805800 (film)2023-09-09T20:30:27Z<p>LHist2021: Added a new entry to the platform.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Biographical sports drama film}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = 800<br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| director = M.S. Sripathy<br />
| producer = Vivek Rangachari<br />
| writer = M.S. Sripathy <br> [[Shehan Karunatilaka]]<br />
| based_on = [[Muttiah Muralitharan]] <br />
| starring = [[Madhur Mittal]] <br> Mahima Nambiyar<br />
| narrator = <!--Must be attributed to a reliable source--><br />
| music = Ghibran<br />
| cinematography = R.D Rajasekhar<br />
| editing = Praveen KL<br />
| studio = Movie Train Motion Pictures<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2023|10|06}}<br />
| runtime = <br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Tamil<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''800''''' is an upcoming 2023 Indian [[Tamil cinema|Tamil-language]] biographical [[Sports film|sports drama]] based on the life and career of cricketer [[Muttiah Muralitharan]], the highest wicket-taker in the history of cricket.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sachin Tendulkar to unveil the trailer of '800', the biography of Muthiah Muralidharan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/sachin-tendulkar-to-unveil-the-trailer-of-800-the-biography-of-muthiah-muralidharan/articleshow/103348321.cms?from=mdr |access-date=5 September 2023 |work=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref> The film is directed by M.S. Sripathy, written by M.S. Sripathy and [[Shehan Karunatilaka]], produced by Movie Train Motion Pictures and Vivek Rangachari, and presented by [[Sridevi Movies]], [[Sivalenka Krishna Prasad]]. <ref>{{cite news |title=800 trailer: Muttiah Muralitharan’s biopic sheds light on the unknown story of Sri Lankan off-spinner |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/800-trailer-muttiah-muralitharans-biopic-sheds-light-on-the-unknown-story-of-sri-lankan-off-spinner-8925543/ |access-date=8 September 2023 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> It stars [[Madhur Mittal]] and [[Mahima Nambiar]] in the lead roles.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bureau |first1=The Hindu |title=Sachin Tendulkar to unveil the trailer of Muttiah Muralitharan biopic ‘800’ |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/sachin-tendulkar-to-unveil-the-trailer-of-muttiah-muralitharan-biopic-800/article67272609.ece |access-date=5 September 2023 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=800 trailer: Sachin Tendulkar unveils biopic on Muttiah Muralitharan. Watch |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/800-trailer-sachin-tendulkar-unveils-biopic-on-muttiah-muralitharan-watch-101693914605458.html |access-date=8 September 2023 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
The film is set to release on 6th October 2023.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sachin Tendulkar to grace ‘800’ trailer launch event |url=https://telugucinema.com/news/sachin-tendulkar-to-grace-800-trailer-launch-event |access-date=5 September 2023 |work=Telugu Cinema }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Synopsis==<br />
<br />
800 is based on Muthiah Muralidaran’s life, the champion who set the record for taking 800 wickets in Test Cricket. <br />
The story captures the many facets of Muralidaran’s life; the tale of a chucker who didn’t play by the rules, an oppressed Tamil who championed Sinhalese cricket, and went on to become one of the greatest cricketers ever. <br />
<br />
It reveals how Murali finds solace in cricket, stands up to bullies, and transforms from an excitable pace bowler into the highest wicket-taker in cricket’s history. It also dives deep into the issue of nationality versus humanity. Murali, being an ethnic Tamil, has to prove his commitment to the Lankan team and fans.<br />
The film also gives insight into the tumultuous period surrounding his 'controversial' bowling and how it briefly derailed his cricket career.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb title|tt27539086}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2020s Tamil-language films]]</div>LHist2021https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council_of_the_Nation&diff=387808Council of the Nation2023-01-03T02:30:34Z<p>LHist2021: Created an inspiring work.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Upper house of Algerian Parliament}}<br />
{{Infobox legislature<br />
| name = Council of the Nation<br />
| native_name = {{unbulleted list|مجلس الأمة|Conseil de la nation}}<br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| transcription_name = <br />
| legislature = <br />
| coa_pic = Senat-dz.jpg<br />
| coa_res = 100px <br />
| coa_alt =<br />
| foundation = 1997<br />
| house_type = Upper house<br />
| body = Parliament of Algeria <br />
| houses = <br />
| leader1_type = [[List of Presidents of the Council of the Nation (Algeria)|President]]<br />
| leader1 = [[Salah Goudjil]]<br />
| party1 = [[National Rally for Democracy (Algeria)|RND]]<br />
| election1 = 10 April 2019<br />
| leader2_type = Vice president<br />
| leader2 = [[Djamel Ould Abbes]]<br />
| party2 = [[National Liberation Front (Algeria)|FLN]]<br />
| election2 = 28 February 2019<br />
| leader3_type = <br />
| leader3 = <br />
| party3 = <br />
| election3 = <br />
| members = 174 members<br />
| house2 = <br />
| structure1 = Algérie Conseil de la Nation 2022.svg<br />
| structure1_res = 250px <br />
| structure1_alt = <br />
| structure2 = <br />
| structure2_res = <br />
| structure2_alt = <br />
| political_groups1 = '''[[Benabderrahmane government|Government]] (147)''' <br />
*{{Color box|#DD143C|border=darkgray}} [[National Liberation Front (Algeria)|FLN]] (54)<br />
*{{Color box|#003153|border=darkgray}} [[National Rally for Democracy (Algeria)|RND]] (22)<br />
*{{Color box|#3CB371|border=darkgray}} [[Future Front|FM]] (7)<br />
*{{Color box|#BCDB7E|border=darkgray}} [[National Construction Movement|Binaa]] (7)<br />
*{{Color box|#8C71FA|border=darkgray}} [[Rally for Hope for Algeria|TAJ]] (7)<br />
*{{Color box|#FFFFFF|border=darkgray}} Appointed Members (58)<br />
<br />
'''[[Opposition (parliamentary)|Opposition]] (9)''' <br />
*{{Color box|#1293DE|border=darkgray}} [[Socialist Forces Front|FFS]] (4)<br />
*{{Color box|#B50333|border=darkgray}} [[Voice of the People (Algeria)|PVP]] (2)<br />
*{{Color box|#E85720|border=darkgray}} [[El Fadjr El Djadid]] (2)<br />
*{{Color box|#009900|border=darkgray}} [[Movement of Society for Peace|MSP]] (1)<br />
<br />
'''Others (18)''' <br />
*{{Color box|#dddddd|border=darkgray}} [[Independent politician|Ind.]] (18)<br />
| political_groups2 = <br />
| committees1 = <br />
| committees2 = <br />
| joint_committees = <br />
| voting_system1 = [[Two-round system|Two-round]] [[indirect election]] (2/3)<br>Appointed by the [[president of Algeria]] (1/3)<br />
| voting_system2 = <br />
| last_election1 = [[2022 Algerian Council of the Nation elections|5 February 2022]]<br />
| previous_election1 =<br />
| session_room = <br />
| session_res = 250px<br />
| session_alt = <br />
| meeting_place = [[Palace of the Council of the Nation (Algiers)|Palace of the Council of the Nation]], [[Algiers]]<br />
| website = {{URL|www.majliselouma.dz}}<br />
| footnotes = <br />
| motto = <br />
|background_color=Black}}<br />
{{Politics of Algeria}}<br />
The '''Council of the Nation''' ({{lang-ar|مجلس الأمة|Majlis al-Ummah}}) is the [[upper house]] of the [[Algerian Parliament]]. It is composed of 144 members, 2/3 of which are elected indirectly and 1/3 of which are appointed by the [[president of Algeria]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/algeria/ |title=CIA World Factbook|access-date=2009-12-07 }}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Abdelkader Bensalah]] was elected as President of the Council of the Nation on July 2, 2002, re-elected on January 11, 2007 and January 10, 2008.<br />
[[Zohra Drif]] was elected as Vice President of the Council of the Nation on September 10, 2002, re-elected on March 7, 2007 and March 8, 2008.<br />
<br />
They were last elected on [[2022 Algerian Council of the Nation elections|5 February 2022]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Algérie: les élections sénatoriales convoquées pour le 5 février 2022|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/fr/afrique/algérie-les-élections-sénatoriales-convoquées-pour-le-5-février-2022/2455070|access-date=2022-02-08|website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Composition==<br />
The Council has 144 members:<br />
*96 indirectly elected in secret ballot (2/3)<br />
*48 appointed by the President of the Republic (1/3)<br />
<br />
==Elections==<br />
There are 48 dual-member constituencies (two seats) corresponding to the number of wilayas (departments) of the country.<br />
<br />
The election shall be by majority vote in two rounds by and from an electoral college composed of elected popular wilaya assemblies and communal people's assemblies (approx. 15,000 members).<br />
<br />
Eligibility:<br />
*be at least 40 years old.<br />
The term of office is six years. The Chamber is renewed by half every three years.<br />
<br />
Board member commits himself before his peers who can revoke his mandate by a majority of its members, if it commits a shameful action for his mission.<br />
<br />
==Presidency==<br />
*President: [[Salah Goudjil]]<br />
*Vice President: [[Djamel Ould Abbes]]<br />
<br />
==Building==<br />
{{Main|Palace of the Council of the Nation (Algiers)}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[List of presidents of the Council of the Nation (Algeria)]]<br />
*[[Politics of Algeria]]<br />
*[[Parliament of Algeria]]<br />
*[[People's National Assembly]]<br />
*[[List of legislatures by country]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111024200323/http://www.majliselouma.dz/ Official website]<br />
<br />
{{National upper houses}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Politics of Algeria]]<br />
[[Category:National upper houses|Algeria]]<br />
[[Category:1997 establishments in Algeria]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Algeria-gov-stub}}</div>LHist2021https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=A.P.J._Abdul_Kalam&diff=432874A.P.J. Abdul Kalam2009-04-06T21:24:49Z<p>LHist2021: redir</p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]]</div>LHist2021