https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=KurtFaucett 2026-08-03T05:26:09Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.43.6 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rasipuram_Assembly_constituency&diff=529790 2026-05-08T16:07:36Z

<p>KurtFaucett: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|State Legislative Assembly Constituency in Tamil Nadu}}<br /> {{for|other places with same/similar name|Rasipuram (disambiguation)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}<br /> {{coord|11.47|N|78.17|E|display=title}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | constituency_no = 92<br /> | map_image = Constitution-Rasipuram.svg<br /> | district = [[Namakkal district|Namakkal]]<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Namakkal Lok Sabha constituency|Namakkal]]<br /> | established = 1951<br /> | state = [[Tamil Nadu]]<br /> | party = {{Party index link|Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam}}<br /> | mla = [[Lokesh Thamilselvan]]<br /> | latest_election_year = 2026<br /> | name = Rasipuram<br /> | electors = 222,252<br /> | reservation = SC<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Rasipuram''' is a [[Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu|state assembly]] constituency in [[Namakkal district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], India.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/Const_map/map.htm |title= Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Constituency Map |website= Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly |access-date= 23 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Its State Assembly Constituency number is 92. It comprises a portion of [[Rasipuram taluk]] and is a part of the wider [[Namakkal Lok Sabha constituency]] for national elections to the [[Parliament of India]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Tamilnadu/Final%20Notification%20&amp;%20Order%20.pdf |title= Tamil Nadu - Final Notification &amp; Order |website= Delimitation Commission of India |publisher= National Informatics Centre |access-date= 27 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; The seat is [[reservation in India|reserved]] for candidates from the [[Scheduled Caste]]s. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India. Elections and winners in the constituency are listed below.<br /> <br /> == Members of Legislative Assembly ==<br /> === Madras State ===<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot;|Year<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot;|Winner<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Party<br /> |-<br /> | [[1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1952]]<br /> | [[T. M. Kaliannan]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1957]]<br /> | A. Raja Gounder<br /> |-<br /> | [[1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1962]]<br /> | N. P. Sengottuvel<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br /> | P. Periasamy<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Tamil Nadu ===<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot;|Year<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot;|Winner<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Party<br /> |-<br /> | [[1971 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1971]]<br /> | R. Nainamalai<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br /> | [[P. Duraisamy]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|rowspan=3}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br /> |rowspan=2| [[K. P. Ramalingam]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1984]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1989]]<br /> | A. Subbu<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1991]]<br /> | K. Palaniammal<br /> | {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|rowspan=3}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1996]]<br /> |rowspan=2| [[P. R. Sundaram]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2001]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2006]]<br /> | [[K. P. Ramaswamy]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2011]]<br /> | [[P. Dhanapal]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2016]]<br /> | [[V. Saroja]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |publisher=Election Commission of India |title=2016 Tamil Nadu General Election: Constituency Data Summary |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2016/09-Constitutional%20Data%20Summarytamil.pdf |access-date=27 May 2016|page=92}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2021]]<br /> | [[M. Mathiventhan]]<br /> <br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> {{bar box<br /> |float=right<br /> |title= Vote share of winning candidates<br /> |titlebar=#ddd<br /> |width=300px<br /> |barwidth=275px<br /> |bars=<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2021|2021]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|46.58}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2016|2016]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|46.50}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2011|2011]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|55.60}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2006|2006]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|45.47}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2001|2001]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|57.48}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1996|1996]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|37.93}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1991|1991]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|72.15}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1989|1989]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|35.75}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1984|1984]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|52.45}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1980|1980]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|58.25}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1977|1977]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|43.61}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1971|1971]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|54.90}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1967|1967]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|52.53}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1962|1962]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|49.21}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1957|1957]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|54.46}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1952|1952]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|42.02}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> === 2026 ===<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2026 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=Lokesh Thamilselvan |party=Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam |votes= |percentage= |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[M. Mathiventhan]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes= |percentage= |change= }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Dr. S. D. Premkumar |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes= |percentage= |change= }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Sasikala |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes= |percentage= |change= }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes= |percentage= |change= }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes= |percentage= |change=}}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes= |percentage= |change=}}<br /> {{Election box rejected|votes=|percentage= }}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors =220554 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=|loser= |swing= }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2021 ===<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=rasipuram Election Result|url= https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/tamil-nadu/-s22a092|access-date= 12 Jun 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[M. Mathiventhan]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=90,727 |percentage=46.58% |change=+5.23 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[V. Saroja|Dr. V. Saroja]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=88,775 |percentage=45.57% |change=-0.93 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Silambarasi |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=11,295 |percentage=5.80% |change=+4.69 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes=2,110 |percentage=1.08% |change=-0.41 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Ramkumar |party=Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi |votes=1,133 |percentage=0.58% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[S. Anbalagan]] |party=Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=1,051 |percentage=0.54% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,952 |percentage=1.00% |change= -4.15% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=194,794 |percentage=82.36% |change= -1.89% }}<br /> {{Election box rejected|votes=162|percentage=0.08% }}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 236,524 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 0.07% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2016 ===<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/TNLA2016/AC%20WISE%20CANDIDATE%20COUNT.pdf|access-date= 30 Apr 2022|archive-date= 30 Apr 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430083638/https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/TNLA2016/AC%20WISE%20CANDIDATE%20COUNT.pdf|title=Assembly wise Candidate Valid Votes count 2016, Tamil Nadu|website=www.elections.tn.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[V. Saroja|Dr. V. Saroja]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=86,901 |percentage=46.50% |change=-9.09 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[V. P. Duraisamy]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=77,270 |percentage=41.35% |change=+0.99 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=J. Pushpagandhi |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=6,952 |percentage=3.72% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=G. Arjun |party=Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi |votes=4,341 |percentage=2.32% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes=2,795 |percentage=1.50% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Bharathi |party=Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi |votes=2,542 |percentage=1.36% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=C. Kuppusamy |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=2,375 |percentage=1.27% |change=+0.2 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Arunkumar |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=2,076 |percentage=1.11% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=9,631 |percentage=5.15% |change= -10.08% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=186,869 |percentage=84.25% |change= 0.89% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 221,806 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -9.09% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2011 ===<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report|url=http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf|title=Detailes Result 2011, Aseembly Election Tamil Nadu|work=Election Commission of Tamil Nadu|access-date=9 May 2021| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20170215085458/http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf| archive-date =15 February 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. Dhanapal]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=90,186 |percentage=55.60% |change=+13.74 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[V. P. Duraisamy]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=65,469 |percentage=40.36% |change=-5.11 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[L. Murugan]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=1,730 |percentage=1.07% |change=+0.03 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Periasamy |party=Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi |votes=1,704 |percentage=1.05% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Rangarasu |party=Independent politician |votes=1,700 |percentage=1.05% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=24,717 |percentage=15.24% |change= 11.63% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=162,217 |percentage=83.36% |change= 9.71% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 194,596 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 10.13% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2006===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = 2006 Election Statistical Report| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf| access-date = 12 May 2006| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007200819/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf| archive-date = 7 Oct 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. P. Ramaswamy]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=62,629 |percentage=45.47% |change=+7.65 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. R. Sundaram]]|party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes=57,660|percentage=41.86%|change=-15.62}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Rajagounder|party=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam|votes=11,992|percentage=8.71%|change=''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Ramasamy|party=Independent politician|votes=1,490|percentage=1.08%|change=''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Velu. Rajamani|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=1,427|percentage=1.04%|change=''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Venkatachalam|party=Independent politician|votes=889|percentage=0.65%|change=''New''}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,969 |percentage=3.61% |change= -16.05% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout|votes=137,750|percentage=73.65%|change=10.82%}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 187,025 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -12.01% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2001===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India|title = Statistical Report on General Election 2001|url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf|date = 12 May 2001 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006173934/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. R. Sundaram]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=67,332 |percentage=57.48% |change=+19.55 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. P. Ramalingam|Dr. K. P. Ramalingam]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=44,303 |percentage=37.82% |change=+0.29 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Ramasamy |party=Independent politician |votes=1,755 |percentage=1.50% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. P. Kulandaivel |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=1,602 |percentage=1.37% |change=-0.03 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Jayabalan |party=Independent politician |votes=1,222 |percentage=1.04% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=23,029 |percentage=19.66% |change= 19.25% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=117,144 |percentage=62.84% |change= -4.55% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 188,637 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 19.55% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1996===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = 1996 Election Statistical Report| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-TN96.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007221700/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-TN96.pdf| archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. R. Sundaram]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=42,294 |percentage=37.93% |change=-34.22 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. R. Damayandhi |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=41,840 |percentage=37.52% |change=+13.15 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[A. K. P. Chinraj]] |party=Independent politician |votes=23,161 |percentage=20.77% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=B. A. R. Elangovan |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=1,555 |percentage=1.39% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Muthusamy |party=Republican Party of India |votes=694 |percentage=0.62% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=454 |percentage=0.41% |change= -47.37% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=111,500 |percentage=67.39% |change= 2.87% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 173,617 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -34.22% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1991===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1991| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-Tamil%20Nadu91.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007161404/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-Tamil%20Nadu91.pdf| archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=K. Palaniammal |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=75,855 |percentage=72.15% |change=+36.82 }}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=B. A. R. Elangoavan |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=25,625 |percentage=24.37% |change=-11.37 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Natesan |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=2,376 |percentage=2.26% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=50,230 |percentage=47.78% |change= 47.36% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=105,129 |percentage=64.52% |change= -7.92% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 167,994 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 36.41% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1989===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1989| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/StatisticalReportTamilNadu89.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006153620/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/StatisticalReportTamilNadu89.pdf| archive-date = 6 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=A. Subbu |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=39,534 |percentage=35.75% |change=-6.05 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Thamilarasu |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=39,074 |percentage=35.33% |change=-17.12 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. P. Ramalingam]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=16,855 |percentage=15.24% |change=-37.21 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Sundaram |party=Indian National Congress |votes=11,157 |percentage=10.09% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Sundaram |party=India Farmers and Tailers Party |votes=1,823 |percentage=1.65% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=460 |percentage=0.42% |change= -10.24% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=110,592 |percentage=72.43% |change= -3.29% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 155,741 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -16.70% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1984===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1984| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1984/StatisticalReportTamilNadu84.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121208/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1984/StatisticalReportTamilNadu84.pdf| archive-date = 17 Jan 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. P. Ramalingam]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=51,565 |percentage=52.45% |change=-5.8 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Kaliappan |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=41,087 |percentage=41.79% |change=+1.8 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. P. Duraisami |party=Independent politician |votes=3,498 |percentage=3.56% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Shanmugam |party=Independent politician |votes=940 |percentage=0.96% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Kandasamy |party=Independent politician |votes=539 |percentage=0.55% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=10,478 |percentage=10.66% |change= -7.60% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=98,311 |percentage=75.73% |change= 7.26% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 137,200 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -5.80% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1980===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1980| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006231656/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf| archive-date = 6 Oct 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. P. Ramalingam]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=49,779 |percentage=58.25% |change=+14.64 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. T. Muthu |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=34,175 |percentage=39.99% |change=+14.97 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=15,604 |percentage=18.26% |change= -0.32% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=85,463 |percentage=68.47% |change= 6.36% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 126,614 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 14.64% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1977===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1977| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007141448/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf | archive-date = 7 Oct 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. Duraisamy]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=33,762 |percentage=43.61% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. C. Periasamy |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=19,374 |percentage=25.02% |change=-29.88 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Ramasamy |party=Janata Party |votes=11,830 |percentage=15.28% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Kaliappan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=10,498 |percentage=13.56% |change=-28.09 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Arumugam |party=Independent politician |votes=1,186 |percentage=1.53% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. R. Athiappa Gounder |party=Independent politician |votes=471 |percentage=0.61% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=14,388 |percentage=18.58% |change= 5.33% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=77,425 |percentage=62.11% |change= -11.43% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 126,007 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -11.29% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1971===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1971 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1971| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_TN_71.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006131227/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_TN_71.pdf | archive-date = 6 Oct 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=R. Nainamalai |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=41,079 |percentage=54.90% |change=+2.37 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Ganapathy |party=Indian National Congress |votes=31,161 |percentage=41.64% |change=-0.59 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. A. C. Arthanaree Chetty |party=Independent politician |votes=2,587 |percentage=3.46% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=9,918 |percentage=13.25% |change= 2.96% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=74,827 |percentage=73.54% |change= -4.54% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 105,188 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 2.37% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1967===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web| last = Election Commission of India|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf|title= Statistical Report on General Election 1967|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320175222/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf|archive-date=20 March 2012|access-date= 19 April 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=P. Periasamy |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=38,402 |percentage=52.53% |change=+3.32 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. M. Gounder |party=Indian National Congress |votes=30,873 |percentage=42.23% |change=-6.85 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. V. K. Ramaswamy |party=Independent politician |votes=2,142 |percentage=2.93% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Balu |party=Independent politician |votes=1,001 |percentage=1.37% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=O. Govindraju |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes=440 |percentage=0.60% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=7,529 |percentage=10.30% |change= 10.17% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=73,108 |percentage=78.08% |change= 6.99% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 96,950 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 3.32% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1962===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India|title=Statistical Report on General Election 1962|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf|access-date= 19 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127201143/https://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf|archive-date=27 Jan 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=N. P. Sengottuvel |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=26,846 |percentage=49.21% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Muthuswamy Gounder |party=Indian National Congress |votes=26,776 |percentage=49.08% |change=-5.38 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Alagappa Udayar |party=We Tamils |votes=932 |percentage=1.71% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=70 |percentage=0.13% |change= -8.80% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=54,554 |percentage=71.09% |change= 21.71% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 78,659 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -5.25% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1957===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title=Statistical Report on General Election 1957 | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Madras_1957.pdf| access-date=2015-07-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127200447/https://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Madras_1957.pdf|archive-date=27 Jan 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=A. Raja Gounder |party=Indian National Congress |votes=20,983 |percentage=54.46% |change=+12.44 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. V. K. Ramaswami |party=Independent politician |votes=17,545 |percentage=45.54% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,438 |percentage=8.92% |change= -10.02% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=38,528 |percentage=49.38% |change= -11.58% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 78,017 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 12.44% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1952===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasipuram&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title=Statistical Report on General Election 1951| url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_MADRAS.pdf| access-date=2014-10-14|archive-date=27 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127201450/https://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_MADRAS.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[T. M. Kaliannan]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=18,553 |percentage=42.02% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Ramaswamy |party=Independent politician |votes=10,189 |percentage=23.08% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. Kandaswami Mudali |party=Socialist Party (India) |votes=8,402 |percentage=19.03% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Muthu Gounder |party=Independent politician |votes=5,941 |percentage=13.46% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Namasivayam |party=Independent politician |votes=1,068 |percentage=2.42% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=8,364 |percentage=18.94% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=44,153 |percentage=60.97% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 72,423 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box new seat win |winner=Indian National Congress |loser= |swing= }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> * {{cite web|url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp|title= Statistical reports of assembly elections|access-date= 8 July 2010|publisher= Election Commission of India|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101005110118/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp|archive-date= 5 October 2010}}<br /> <br /> {{Tamil Nadu assembly elections|state=expanded}}<br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu]]<br /> [[Category:Namakkal district]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Tamil Nadu]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]<br /> [[Category:1951 establishments in Madras State]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=AP_New_Assembly_Building,_Amaravati&diff=483883 2026-05-03T14:59:35Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Made stub</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|State legislative complex in India}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=March 2026}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}}<br /> {{Multiple issues|{{cleanup-reorganize|date=May 2025}}<br /> {{refimprove|date=May 2025}}}}<br /> {{Infobox building<br /> | name = Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Building<br /> | image = <br /> | image_caption = <br /> | status = Under construction<br /> | building_type = [[Legislative building]]<br /> | architectural_style = <br /> | location = [[Amaravati]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India<br /> | address = <br /> | coordinates = {{coord|16.5131|N|80.5165|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | groundbreaking_date = 2 May 2025<br /> | est_completion = 2028<br /> | cost = <br /> | owner = AP Capital Region Development Authority (APCRDA)<br /> | height = <br /> | floor_count = <br /> | floor_area = <br /> | grounds_area = <br /> | architecture_firm = [[Foster + Partners]]<br /> | main_contractor = [[Larsen &amp; Toubro]]<br /> | known_for = <br /> }}<br /> The '''AP New Assembly Building''' is a legislative complex under construction located in [[Amaravati]], the planned capital city of the Indian state of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It is designed to serve as the home of the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]].<br /> <br /> == Background ==<br /> Following the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh in 2014 and the creation of the new state of Telangana, a new capital was needed. Amaravati was chosen due to its central location and strategic potential. A master plan for the new capital was developed, with the new Assembly complex envisioned as its centerpiece.<br /> <br /> == Design and architecture ==<br /> The building was designed by the internationally renowned architecture firm [[Foster and Partners]], in collaboration with Indian firms. The structure draws symbolic and architectural inspiration from the Kohinoor diamond.<br /> <br /> === Layout and structure ===<br /> The layout adheres to principles of Vaastu Shastra, the ancient Indian science of architecture. The plan is square in shape with specific directional placements:<br /> * '''Public Entrance''': North<br /> * '''Ministers’ Entrance''': East<br /> * '''Assembly Chamber''': Southwest<br /> * '''Council Hall''': Northeast<br /> * '''Administrative Offices''': Northwest<br /> <br /> At the center is a courtyard designed to function as a civic gathering space.<br /> <br /> === Conical tower ===<br /> The project includes a 250-meter-high conical roof, intended to exceed the height of the Statue of Unity, making it one of the tallest governmental buildings in India. The tower includes two viewing galleries:<br /> * '''First Gallery''' at 80 meters<br /> * '''Second Gallery''' at 250 meters<br /> <br /> The Assembly and Council Halls are designed with glass walls.<br /> <br /> == Sustainability features ==<br /> The building integrates several eco-friendly and sustainable features, including:<br /> * '''Photovoltaic solar panels''' for renewable energy generation<br /> * '''Natural lighting and ventilation''' to reduce energy consumption<br /> * '''Green roofing systems''' and water conservation techniques<br /> <br /> It is part of Amaravati’s larger green master plan, which includes a network of parks, water bodies, and tree-lined avenues forming a central green spine across the city.<br /> <br /> == Current status ==<br /> As of May 2025, the construction of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly building is undergoing. The 'Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority (APCRDA) awarded the construction contract to Larsen &amp; Toubro (L&amp;T), valued at ₹617 crore. The Letter of Award was presented to L&amp;T’s Deputy General Manager on April 20, 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.magzter.com/tr/stories/newspaper/The-New-Indian-Express-Vijayawada/LT-AWARDED-CONTRACT-FOR-NEW-ASSEMBLY|title=L&amp;T Awarded Contract for New Assembly &amp;#124; The New Indian Express Vijayawada - Newspaper - Read this story on Magzter.com|website=www.magzter.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Construction began on May 2, 2025, after a ceremonial relaunch by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who inaugurated and laid the foundation for infrastructure projects worth over ₹58,000 crore across the state.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jacob |first=Shine |date=2025-05-02 |title=PM Modi restarts work for Amaravati with Rs 58,000 crore projects on track |url=https://www.business-standard.com/india-news/modi-revives-amaravati-capital-project-rs-58000-crore-infra-push-125050201343_1.html |website=Business Standard}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Assembly building is set to span 11.21 lakh square feet within Super Block E of the Government Complex, covering 103.76 acres. The structure will include a basement and three above-ground floors.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.m9.news/politics/amaravati-assembly-to-lt-high-court-to-ncc/|title=Amaravati Assembly to L&amp;T, High Court to NCC|first=Sridhar|last=Raavi|date=April 4, 2025|website=M9.news}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> This construction marks the revival of the Amaravati capital project, which faced delays in previous years. The current state administration aims to complete the capital’s core infrastructure within three years.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2025/May/03/amaravati-will-emerge-as-leading-city-in-the-country-pm-modi-at-relaunch-of-capital-city-works-in-ap|title='Amaravati will emerge as leading city in the country': PM Modi at AP capital city relaunch|first=BSN Malleswara|last=Rao|date=May 8, 2025|website=The New Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:Buildings and structures under construction in India]]<br /> [[Category:Government buildings in Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Unfinished buildings and structures]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative buildings in India]]<br /> [[Category:Foster and Partners buildings]]<br /> [[Category:Amaravati]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sat-Sudra&diff=533374 2026-04-30T03:52:11Z

<p>KurtFaucett: made stub.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Hindu caste classification}}<br /> {{pp-extended|small=yes}}'''Sat-Sudra''' or '''High Born Sudra''', also known as Pure Sudra, is a caste classification found in [[Historical Vedic religion|ancient Hindu]] texts and mentioned in several [[British Raj]] records. Sat-Sudras, placed after Brahmins,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=BHAGWAN |first=SWAMINARAYAN |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WVJ1DwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=sat+shudra&amp;pg=PA26 |title=SHIKSHAPATRI: Sanskrit - Hindi - English |date=2018-10-30 |isbn=978-81-939354-3-9 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; were considered higher caste, different from [[Shudra|Sudras]] or asat-Sudras.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AVIzAQAAMAAJ&amp;q=sat+shudra |title=A Comprehensive History of India: pt.2 No special title |date=2008 |publisher=People's Publishing House |isbn=978-81-7304-561-5 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Ghurye |first=Govind Sadashiv |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uMk9AAAAMAAJ&amp;q=degraded+brahmins+sudra |title=Caste and Class in India |date=1957 |publisher=Popular Book Depot |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Bergunder |first1=Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OcEM2IsnA1AC&amp;dq=sat+sudras&amp;pg=PA96 |title=Ritual, Caste, and Religion in Colonial South India |last2=Frese |first2=Heiko |last3=Schröder |first3=Ulrike |date=2011 |publisher=Primus Books |isbn=978-93-80607-21-4 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Etymology==<br /> According to Puranic texts, the [[Indo-Scythians|Sakas]], [[Indo-Greek Kingdom|Yavanas]], [[Baloch people|Bahlikas]], [[Kambojas]], and [[Indo-Iranians|Dravidas]] are Noble Kshatriyas all described as part of the [[Indo-Aryan peoples]]. They are said to have become vratya Kshatriyas or [[Mleccha|mlechha]] (foreign) caste during the [[Kali Yuga]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Books |first=Kausiki |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aLoxEAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=yavana+kshatriya&amp;pg=PT71 |title=Brahma Purana 1: English Translation only without Slokas: English Translation without Slokas |date=2021-05-15 |publisher=Kausiki Books |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Sagar |first=Krishna Chandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0UA4rkm9MgkC&amp;dq=saka+kshatriya&amp;pg=PA152 |title=Foreign Influence on Ancient India |date=1992 |publisher=Northern Book Centre |isbn=978-81-7211-028-4 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Kumāra |first=Braja Bihārī |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-lJI9avHstYC&amp;dq=yavana+kshatriya&amp;pg=PA14 |title=India and Central Asia: Classical to Contemporary Periods |date=2007 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-8069-457-8 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; During the British periods, certain Brahmin communities, such as the [[Bhumihar|Bhumihar Brahmins]], [[Pushpaka Brahmin]]s, and [[Bengali Brahmin|Pirali Brahmins]], were classified as degraded Brahmins. Despite this perception, they maintained significant wealth and status as [[landlord]]s in the [[Medieval India|pre-British]] era or Medieval India.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Eisenstadt |first1=Shmuel Noah |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aTzX3GJjYkYC&amp;dq=degraded+brahmin&amp;pg=PA16 |title=Orthodoxy, Heterodoxy, and Dissent in India |last2=Kahane |first2=Reuven |last3=Shulman |first3=David Dean |date=1984 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-009659-0 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=Anurag |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zVmaEAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=degraded+brahmin&amp;pg=PT51 |title=BRAHMINS WHO REFUSED TO BEG: BRIEF HISTORY OF BHUMIHARS, &quot;AYACHAK&quot; BRAHMINS OF EAST INDIA) |date=2022-11-12 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=979-8-88833-371-6 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Hiranyagarbha ritual==<br /> In [[Ancient India]], Brahmins and Kshatriyas rulers performed a ritual called [[Hiranyagarbha]], which was used to reclaim their lost varna rites. It was a sacrifice aimed at obtaining divine sanction from the original creator – [[Brahma]] or [[Prajapati]] – who were believed to be born from a Hiranyagarbha, or golden conception. This concept, though simple, was considered expensive during that period.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Gail |first1=Adalbert J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QwkOdPtZmVcC&amp;pg=PA145 |title=Script and Image: Papers on Art and Epigraphy |last2=Mevissen |first2=Gerd J. R. |last3=Salomon |first3=Richard |date=2006 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publisher |isbn=978-81-208-2944-2 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Centre |first=Sri Sathya Sai Media |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vPScEAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=hiranyagarbha&amp;pg=RA1-PR922 |title=Sri Sathya Sai Speaks Volume 01 to 43: Divine Discourses from 1953 to 2010 |publisher=Sri Sathya Sai Media Centre |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Samarpan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=btDLEAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=hiranyagarbha&amp;pg=PT128 |title=Veda Vihangam: The Essential Veda |date=2023-07-27 |publisher=Pan Macmillan |isbn=978-93-95624-65-7 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The term &quot;hiranyagarbha&quot; translates to &quot;golden womb,&quot; symbolizing both a golden pot (kunda) offered to a Brahmana and the deity Vishnu. During the ritual, the donor conducts an archana (worship ritual) and recites a mantra praising Vishnu as Hiranyagarbha. Subsequently, the donor enters the &quot;golden womb&quot; while priests perform rites similar to those for a pregnant woman, including garbhadhana, pumsavana, and simantonnayana. Upon emerging from the &quot;golden womb,&quot; the priests perform jatakarma and other rites customary for a newborn. The donor then recites a mantra proclaiming a &quot;rebirth&quot; from the divine womb, thus referred to as &quot;born of the hiranyagarbha.&quot; After the ceremony, the donor gifts the &quot;golden womb&quot; and other offerings to the [[priests]].<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Indian castes]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neeraj_Yadav_(politician)&diff=521526 2026-04-30T00:01:40Z

<p>KurtFaucett: started...</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2023}}<br /> {{Infobox officeholder<br /> | name = Neeraj Yadav<br /> | birth_date =<br /> | birth_place = Korha,[[Katihar district]], [[Bihar]]<br /> | death_date = <br /> | death_place = <br /> | other_names = <br /> | occupation = *[[Politician]]<br /> *[[Social Work]]<br /> | spouse = Baby Yadav<br /> | children = <br /> | parents = Janardan Parsad (Father)<br /> | relations = <br /> | alma_mater = B.A From K.B.M College Katihar [[Bhupendra Narayan Mandal University]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.myneta.info/bihar2015/candidate.php?candidate_id=3183|title=Neeraj Yadav member profile|website=www.myneta.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | office = Member of the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]<br /> | constituency = [[Barari Assembly constituency|Barari]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/bihar/assembly-constituencies/barari.html|title=Sitting and previous MLAs from Barari Assembly Constituency|website=www.elections.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | term_start = 2015<br /> | term_end = 2020<br /> | predecessor = Bibhas Chandra Choudhary<br /> | successor = [[Bijay Singh]]<br /> | party = [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]] <br /> }}<br /> '''Neeraj Yadav''' was an [[Indian politician]] who was elected as a member of [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] from [[Barari Assembly constituency|Barari]] constituency in 2015 as the candidate of [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://hindi.news18.com/assembly-election-2020/bihar-chunav/neeraj-kumar-s04a068c02-rashtriya-janata-dal-profile/|title=बरारी विधानसभा चुनाव परिणाम 2015|website=hindi.news18.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; but lost to [[Bijay Singh]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/election/vidhan-sabha-elections/bihar/candidates/neeraj-kumar-rjd-2020-barari-68-bihar|title=नीरज कुमार- बरारी विधानसभा चुनाव 2020 परिणाम|website=www.amarujala.com|access-date=10 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; in 2020 elections.<br /> <br /> ==Death==<br /> Neeraj Yadav died on 3 April 2023 in Max Hospital [[Purnia district]], [[Bihar]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/katihar/barari/news/senior-rjd-leader-and-former-barari-mla-neeraj-yadav-active-in-politics-for-more-than-2-decades-passed-away-in-2015-131120571.html|title=राजद के वरिष्ठ नेता और बरारी के पूर्व विधायक नीरज यादव का निधन|website=www.bhaskar.com|access-date=3 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/bihar-jharkhand/purnia/former-katihar-barari-rjd-mla-neeraj-yadav-died-of-heart-attack-cm-nitish-kumar-expressed-grief/1638574|title=सीएम नीतीश कुमार ने पूर्व RJD विधायक नीरज यादव के निधन पर जताया दुख|website=zeenews.india.com|access-date=4 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Barari Assembly constituency]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> {{Rashtriya Janata Dal}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Yadav, Neeraj}}<br /> [[Category:1970 births]]<br /> [[Category:2023 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Bihar MLAs 2015–2020]]<br /> [[Category:Politicians from Bihar]]<br /> [[Category:People from Katihar district]]<br /> [[Category:Rashtriya Janata Dal politicians]]<br /> <br /> {{Bihar-RJD-politician-stub}}</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Medak_Assembly_constituency&diff=517099 2026-04-27T06:50:03Z

<p>KurtFaucett: stub...</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Telangana legislative assembly in India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=September 2021}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Medak<br /> | map_image = Legislative Assembly constituencies of Telangana (34-Medak highlighted).png<br /> | map_caption = Location of Medak Assembly constituency within Telangana<br /> | mla = [[Mynampally Rohit]]<br /> | party = [[Indian National Congress ]]<br /> | latest_election_year = 2023<br /> | state = [[Telangana]]<br /> | district = [[Medak district|Medak]]<br /> | established = 1951<br /> | electors = 1,99,553<br /> | incumbent_image = MynampallyRohit2024.jpg<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | reservation = None<br /> | constituency_no = 34<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Medak Lok Sabha constituency|Medak]] <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Medak Assembly constituency''' is a constituency of the [[Telangana Legislative Assembly]], [[India]]. It is one of the ten constituencies in [[Medak district]]. It is part of [[Medak Lok Sabha constituency]]<br /> <br /> ==Mandals==<br /> The assembly constituency presently comprises the following mandals:<br /> {{srn}}<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-hash&quot;<br /> !Mandal<br /> |-<br /> | [[Medak]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[Papannapet]] <br /> |-<br /> | [[Ramayampet]]<br /> |-<br /> | Shankarampet -R<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Members of Legislative Assembly ==<br /> Members of Legislative Assembly who represented Medak:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S01/partycomp227.htm |title=State Elections 2004 - Partywise Comparison for 227-Medak Constituency of ANDHRA PRADESH |website=eci.nic.in |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423225943/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S01/partycomp227.htm |archive-date=2018-04-23}} &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year !! Name !! colspan=2 | Political Party<br /> |-<br /> ! colspan=4| [[Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1957|| Venkateswar Rao || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1962|| Keval Ananda Devi || {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1967|| R. Reddy || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1972|| Ramchander Rao Karnam || {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1978|| Seri Lakshma Reddy || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1983|| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Karnam Ramachandra Rao || {{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> <br /> |-<br /> | 1985<br /> |-<br /> | 1989|| Patlolla Narayana Reddy || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1994|| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Karnam Ramachandra Rao || {{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | 1999<br /> |-<br /> |2002*<br /> |[[Karanam Uma Devi]]<br /> |<br /> |[[Telugu Desam Party]]<br /> |-<br /> | 2004|| P. Shashidhar Reddy || {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2009 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2009]]|| [[Mynampally Hanumanth Rao|Mynampalli Hanumanth Rao]]|| {{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party}}<br /> |-<br /> ! colspan=4| [[Telangana]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2014 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|2014]]|| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Padma Devender Reddy]] || {{Full party name with color|Telangana Rashtra Samithi|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2018 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|2018]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|2023]]|| [[Mynampally Rohit]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |}<br /> &lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;bypoll<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> ===Telangana Legislative Assembly election, 2023 ===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|Telangana Assembly Elections, 2023]]: Medak (Assembly constituency)&lt;ref name=&quot;Telangana Assembly Election Results 2023: Medak&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Telangana Assembly Election Results 2023: Medak |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenDecNew2023/candidateswise-S2934.htm |access-date=11 January 2025 |date=3 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250111164606/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenDecNew2023/candidateswise-S2934.htm |archive-date=11 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Mynampally Rohit]]|votes=87,126|percentage=46.63|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharat Rashtra Samithi|candidate=[[Padma Devender Reddy]]|votes=76,969|percentage=41.19|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Panja Vijay Kumar|votes=13,657|percentage=7.31|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent|candidate=A. Kumar|votes=2,489|percentage=1.33|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the Above]]|votes=1,860|percentage=1.00|change=}}<br /> {{Election box majority|votes=10,157|percentage=5.44|change=}}<br /> {{Election box turnout|votes=1,86,863|percentage=|change=}}{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Bharat Rashtra Samithi|swing=}}{{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===Telangana Legislative Assembly election, 2018 ===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2018 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|Telangana Assembly Elections, 2018]]: Medak (Assembly constituency)&lt;ref&gt;Medak Results&lt;/ref&gt;}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link|party=Telangana Rashtra Samithi|candidate=[[Padma Devender Reddy]]|votes=97,670|percentage=57.84|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Ammareddy Gari Upender Reddy|votes=49,687|percentage=29.42|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=Samajwadi Forward Bloc|candidate=Revelli Vinay Sagar|votes=6,947|percentage=4.11|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=Zoram Nationalist Party|candidate=Akula Rajaiah|votes=6,321|percentage=3.74|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the Above]]|votes=2,263|percentage=1.34|change=}}<br /> {{Election box majority|votes=47,983|percentage=28.42|change=}}<br /> {{Election box turnout|votes=1,68,862|percentage=86.29|change=}}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link<br /> | winner = Telangana Rashtra Samithi<br /> |loser = Indian National Congress<br /> | swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===Telangana Legislative Assembly election, 2014 ===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|Telangana Assembly Elections, 2014]]: Medak (Assembly constituency)&lt;ref&gt;Medak Results&lt;/ref&gt;}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link|party=Telangana Rashtra Samithi|candidate=[[Padma Devender Reddy]]|votes=89,654|change=|percentage=56.64}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Vijayashanti]]|votes=50,054|percentage=31.62|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=Telugu Desam Party|candidate=Batti Jagapathi|votes=9,281|percentage=5.86|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Pogaku Ashok Kumar|votes=3,240|percentage=2.05|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the above]]|votes=1,602|percentage=1.01|change=}}<br /> {{Election box majority|votes=39,600|percentage=25.02|change=}}<br /> {{Election box turnout|votes=1,58,292|percentage=77.70|change=}}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link<br /> | winner = Telangana Rashtra Samithi<br /> |loser = Telugu Desam Party<br /> | swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Medak]]<br /> * [[List of constituencies of Telangana Legislative Assembly]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Telangana}}<br /> {{coord|18.05|78.27|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Telangana]]<br /> [[Category:Medak district]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Telangana]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gurgin_Khan_(Bengal)&diff=501507 2026-04-26T15:37:04Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Creating new entry</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Armenian merchant and military leader (died 1763)}}<br /> {{For|the Georgian monarch also known as Gurgin Khan|George XI of Kartli}}<br /> {{Infobox military person<br /> | name = Gurgin Khan<br /> | native_name = Grigor Harutiunian<br /> | image = King Gurgin Khan.jpg<br /> | caption = An eighteenth-century painting of an officer, probably Gurgin Khan (seated)<br /> | allegiance = Bengal Subah (Mughal Empire)<br /> | serviceyears = 18th century<br /> | rank = General<br /> | commands = Bengal army under Mir Qasim<br /> | battles = <br /> * Battle of Udhwa Nala<br /> * Conflicts with the British East India Company<br /> | birth_date = <br /> | birth_place = <br /> | death_date = 1763<br /> | death_place = Bengal Subah<br /> }}<br /> '''Khoja Gregory'''{{Efn|'''Grigor Harutiunian''' ({{langx|hy|Գրիգոր Հարությունյան}}) in Armenian.{{Sfn|Abrahamian|1964|p=464}} ''[[Khawaja|Khoja]]'' is an honorific title which was used by Armenian merchants.}} (died August 1763), better known as '''Gurgin Khan''', was an [[Armenian merchantry|Armenian merchant]] and military leader who served [[Mir Qasim]], the [[Nawab of Bengal]] from 1760 to 1764, as minister of war and commander-in-chief. He was responsible for reforming the nawab's army along European lines. He was assassinated under unclear circumstances—possibly on Mir Qasim's orders—during the nawab's conflict with the British.<br /> <br /> == Biography ==<br /> Khoja Gregory was born in the Erivan quarter of [[New Julfa]], an [[Armenians|Armenian]] suburb of [[Isfahan]] and the center of an extensive merchant network. He had two brothers, Khoja Petrus and Khoja Barsick Arathoon, who were both also merchants in Bengal. Gregory is said to have worked as a cloth merchant in [[Hugli-Chuchura|Hooghly]].{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=135}} He is described by Raymond, a French Creole{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=135}} who met him, as having &quot;a remarkable physiognomy. His height was above the average. He had fair complexion, large and black fiery eyes, arched eyebrows that were joined in the middle and an aquiline nose with a ridge in the middle of its length.&quot;{{Sfn|Seid-Gholam Hossein Khan|1990|pp=502-503, note 267}} He may have come to know [[Mir Qasim]] through his brother Petrus, who was involved in politics in Bengal. According to [[Mesrovb Jacob Seth]], he was already close to Mir Qasim before the latter became Nawab of Bengal in 1760. He was appointed commander-in-chief of the nawab's army and renamed ''Gurgin Khan'' after Mir Qasim's enthronement.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=135}} Many contemporaries were surprised by the appointment of an Armenian merchant to the post of commander-in-chief.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=136}}<br /> <br /> One of Mir Qasim's main goals was to reform his military in order to increase his independence and check the growing power of the British [[East India Company]].{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=136}} Gurgin Khan organized these reforms, gradually replacing the nawab's old standing army with new troops recruited according to higher standards. He personally took charge of the artillery and organized the artillery and musketeers along European lines.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=137}} A factory was set up at [[Munger|Monghyr]] for the production of guns and muskets; munitions imported by Europeans were also available for purchase. It appears that Gurgin Khan personally arranged the acquisition of European munitions with the help of his brother Petrus, who was closely connected with the British.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=138}}<br /> <br /> According to contemporary sources, Gurgin Khan was an intelligent, prudent, and loyal advisor to Mir Qasim who tempered the nawab's eagerness to start a war with the British, urging him to wait until the time was ripe. The nawab is said to have greatly relied on his advice.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|pp=140-141}} In 1763, Gurgin Khan led his forces on a campaign against Nepal in order to test the effectiveness of the newly reformed troops and artillery. After an initial victory, his troops were routed by a Nepalese nighttime attack. According to the hostile account of [[Ghulam Hussain Khan|Ghulam Hussain Khan Tabatabai]], Gurgin was greatly shocked and ashamed after this defeat and had to be persuaded by another officer of Mir Qasim to return to the camp of the nawab.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|pp=147-148}} After the British seizure of [[Patna]] later in 1763, Gurgin Khan sent troops to assist the local governor. Patna was successfully recaptured. However, this was followed by a string of defeats for the nawab's generals. Gurgin Khan declined to personally take charge of the defense of Udhuanala, stating that he could not leave the nawab in this chaotic situation; in fact, neither Gurgin Khan nor Mir Qasim were present at any of the battles fought with the British.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|pp=148-150}} Bhaswati Bhattacharya suggests that Gurgin Khan may have wanted to avoid facing defeat against the British, having seen in Nepal that the nawab's army was not ready for such a confrontation. While he is described as a &quot;military genius&quot; by all contemporary sources except Ghulam Hussain, he lacked experience.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=151}} The lack of a commander-in-chief in the field, as well as the divisions within the nawab's army, prevented the Mughal forces from acting in unison.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|pp=152-153}}<br /> <br /> In August 1763, Gurgin Khan was assassinated outside his tent in the nawab's camp while traveling from Monghyr to Patna after the Battle of Udhuanala. According to Ghulam Hussain's eyewitness account, he was killed by two or three Mughal horsemen who approached him on the pretense of asking about their pay. [[Jean Baptiste Joseph Gentil]], a French officer in the nawab's service and a friend of Gurgin, writes that the Armenian general had been killed because of &quot;jealousy and slander.&quot;{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=153}} He believed that Mir Qasim had ordered Gurgin Khan's assassination, suspecting him of conspiring with the British.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=154}} It appears that the nawab, in his desperation, ordered Gurgin's killing after receiving reports that he had been plotting with the British, when in fact Gurgin Khan had rejected a British offer to abandon the nawab to save the life of his brother, Petrus, then a prisoner of the British.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|pp=154-155}} However, this is not the only version of the events. According to a report by Louis Taillefert, the director of the [[Dutch East India Company]], the [[Jagat Seth family|Seth]] brothers Mahatab Rai and Swarupchand, hoping to ingratiate themselves with the British, had paid some Mughal soldiers to kill Gurgin Khan. According to Ghulam Hussain, a servant of the Seth brothers named Shahab al-Daula had earlier accused Gurgin of conspiring against Mir Qasim.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|pp=155-156}} In Bhattacharya's view, it is possible that the Seth brothers had organized the assassination of Gurgin Khan with British support.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|pp=157-158}}<br /> <br /> == Cultural depictions ==<br /> An eighteenth-century painting made in Murshidabad by Dip Chand probably depicts Gurgin Khan. The painting depicts an officer seated on a terrace, smoking a [[hookah]], with two servants standing by. It is now held at the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]] in London.{{Sfn|Victoria and Albert Museum|2004}} Gurgin Khan is a character in the historical novel ''Chandrasekhar'' by the famous nineteenth-century Bengali author [[Bankim Chandra Chatterjee]]. In the book, the Armenian general is depicted as an opportunist seeking to take the throne of Bengal for himself.{{Sfn|Bhattacharya|2003|p=139}}<br /> <br /> == Notes ==<br /> {{Notelist}}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> <br /> === Citations ===<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> === Bibliography ===<br /> <br /> * {{Cite book |last=Abrahamian |first=A. G. |title=Hamaṛot urvagits hay gaghtʻavayreri patmutʻyan |publisher=Haypethrat |year=1964 |volume=1 |location=Erevan |script-title=hy:Համառոտ ուրվագիծ հայ գաղթավայրերի պատմության |trans-title=''A brief outline of the history of Armenian diaspora settlements''}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Bhattacharya |first=Bhaswati |title=Circumambulations in South Asian History: Essays in Honour of Dirk H.A. Kolff |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |year=2003 |isbn=90-04-13155-8 |editor-last=Gommans |editor-first=Jos |location=Leiden |chapter=Between Fact and Fictions: Khoja Gregory alias Gurgin Khan, the 'Evil Genius' of Mir Qasim |editor-last2=Prakash |editor-first2=Om}}<br /> * {{Cite web |date=19 March 2004 |title=Painting, opaque watercolour and gold on paper, an officer, probably Gurgin Khan, the Armenian general of Nawab Mir Qasim, seated smoking on a terrace, with two servants |url=https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O97215/painting-dip-chand/ |website=Collections.vam.ac.uk |publisher=Victoria and Albert Museum |ref={{harvid|Victoria and Albert Museum|2004}} |access-date=8 September 2024}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Seid-Gholam Hossein Khan |author-link=Ghulam Hussain Khan |title=The Seir Mutaqherin |publisher=Low Price Publications |year=1990 |isbn=81-85395-63-2 |volume=2 |location=Delhi}}<br /> <br /> == Further reading ==<br /> <br /> * {{Cite journal |last=Oldham |first=C. E. A. W. |date=1925 |title=The Murder of Gurgin Khan |journal=Bengal Past and Present |volume=29 |pages=219–23}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Seth |first=Mesrovb Jacob |url=https://archive.org/details/ArmeniansInIndiaFromTheEarliestTimesToThePresentDay |title=Armenians in India from the Earliest Times to the Present Day |publisher=Asian Educational Services |year=1992 |edition=Facsimile |location=New Delhi |pages=383–418 |ref=none |orig-date=Original date 1937}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Indian people of Armenian descent]]<br /> [[Category:1763 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:People from the Bengal Subah]]<br /> [[Category:Armenian people in Iran]]<br /> [[Category:Armenian generals]]<br /> [[Category:Armenian businesspeople]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orai_Assembly_constituency&diff=523086 2026-04-20T13:43:29Z

<p>KurtFaucett: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Orai<br /> | map_image = 221-Orai.svg<br /> | state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> | type= SLA<br /> | constituency_no = 221<br /> | district = [[Jalaun district|Jalaun]]<br /> | reservation = SC<br /> | mla = [[Mr. Gauri Shankar Verma (Kori)&lt;ref&gt;https://www.eci.gov.in/ae-2022-uttar-pradesh&lt;/ref&gt;]]<br /> | party = [[Bharatiya Janta Party]]<br /> | latest_election_year = 2022&lt;ref name=&quot;results2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14185-uttar-pradesh-general-legislative-election-2022/ |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |title=State Election, 2022 to the Legislative Assembly Of Uttar Pradesh |website=eci.gov.in |accessdate=4 March 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | electors = 4,31,601 (2014)<br /> }}<br /> '''Orai''' is a constituency of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] covering the city of Orai in the [[Jalaun district]] of Uttar Pradesh, India.&lt;ref name=delimitation2008&gt;{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&amp;type=order&amp;filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Orai is one of five assembly constituencies in the [[Jalaun Lok Sabha constituency]]. Since 2008, this assembly constituency is numbered 221 amongst 403 constituencies.<br /> <br /> == Members of Legislative Assembly ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Year<br /> !Member&lt;ref name=&quot;election2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Orai Election and Results 2018, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up, Current MLA and Previous MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/orai.html |access-date= |website=Elections in India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party<br /> |-<br /> |[[1967 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Chaturbhuj Sharma<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}&quot; |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Indian National Congress]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1969 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1969]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1974 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1974]]<br /> |Anand Swaroop<br /> |-<br /> |[[1977 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br /> |Shyam Sundar<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Janata Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1980 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br /> |Suresh Datt Paliwal<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress (I)}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Indian National Congress (I)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1985 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1985]]<br /> |Arvind Tiwari<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Indian National Congress]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1989 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1989]]<br /> |Akbar Ali<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1991 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1991]]<br /> |[[Baburam M.Com]]<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1993 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1993]]<br /> |Akbar Ali<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1996 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1996]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Baburam M.Com]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}&quot; |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2002 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2002]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2007 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2007]]<br /> |[[Vinod Chaturvedi]]<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Indian National Congress]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2012]]<br /> |Dayashankar<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Samajwadi Party}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Samajwadi Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2017]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Mr. Gauri Shankar Verma &lt;ref&gt;https://www.eci.gov.in/ae-2022-uttar-pradesh&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}&quot; |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2022]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> <br /> === 2022 ===<br /> <br /> Bharatiya Janta Party candidate Mr. Gauri Shankar Verma (Kori) won in 2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Elections defeating Samajwadi Party candidate.<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title = [[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election]]: Ora&lt;ref name=&quot;results2022&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |candidate = Mr. Gauri Shankar Verma (Kori)<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:128644}}<br /> |percentage = 47.45<br /> |change = -5.53<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Samajwadi Party<br /> |candidate = Dayashankar Verma<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:90996}}<br /> |percentage = 33.56<br /> |change = +10.32<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |candidate = Satyendra Pratap<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:38638}}<br /> |percentage = 14.25<br /> |change = -7.45<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |candidate = Urmila Devi Sonkar Khabri<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:4650}}<br /> |percentage = 1.72<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:1682}}<br /> |percentage = 0.62<br /> |change = -0.2<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:37648}}<br /> |percentage = 13.89<br /> |change = -15.85<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:271107}}<br /> |percentage = 60.93<br /> |change = -1.61<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link<br /> |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |loser = <br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2017 ===<br /> [[Bharatiya Janta Party]] candidate Mr. Gauri Shankar Verma(Kori) won in [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Elections]] defeating [[Samajwadi Party]] candidate '''Mahendra Singh''' by a margin of 78,879 votes.&lt;ref name=&quot;results2017&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3471-uttar-pradesh-general-legislative-election-2017/ |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |title=State Election, 2017 to the Legislative Assembly Of Uttar Pradesh |website=eci.gov.in |accessdate=26 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> {{Election box begin|title = [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election]]: Ora&lt;ref name=&quot;results2017&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |candidate = Mr. Gauri Shankar Verma (Kori)<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:140485}}<br /> |percentage = 52.98<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Samajwadi Party<br /> |candidate = Mahendra Singh<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:61606}}<br /> |percentage = 23.24<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |candidate = Vijay Chaudhari<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:57541}}<br /> |percentage = 21.7<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2169}}<br /> |percentage = 0.82<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:78879}}<br /> |percentage = 29.74<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:265142}}<br /> |percentage = 62.54<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> 5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Uttar_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly_election<br /> 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Uttar_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly_election<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{cite web |title=Results of Uttar Pradesh Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/92-uttar-pradesh/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}<br /> <br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh}}<br /> {{coord|26.00|79.45|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Orai]]<br /> [[Category:Jalaun district]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Uttar Pradesh]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=K._L._Balmiki&diff=506910 2026-04-19T22:07:29Z

<p>KurtFaucett: created a info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian politician (1919–1985)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox officeholder<br /> | name = Kanhaiya Lal Balmiki<br /> | birth_name =<br /> | caption = <br /> | image = <br /> | birth_date = {{Birth date |1919|3|14|df=y}}<br /> | birth_place = Village Khanai, [[Baluchistan Agency|Baluchistan]], [[British India]]<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|1985|9|2|1919|3|14|df=y}}&lt;ref name=&quot;eparlib&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Lok Sabha Debates: Eighth Series |date=1985-12-20 |publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat |location=New Delhi |pages=1–2 |url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/1408/1/lsd_08_04_20-12-1985.pdf#page=7 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | death_place = [[New Delhi]], [[India]]<br /> | office1 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] in [[Lok Sabha]]<br /> | constituency1 = [[Bulandshahr Lok Sabha constituency|Bulandshahr]]<br /> | term1 = 1952—1962<br /> | predecessor1 = constituency created<br /> | successor1 = [[Surendra Pal Singh (politician)|Surendra Pal Singh]]<br /> | office2 = <br /> | constituency2 = [[Khurja Lok Sabha constituency|Khurja]]<br /> | term_start2 = 1962<br /> | term_end2 = 1967<br /> | predecessor2 = constituency created<br /> | successor2 = Ram Charan<br /> | party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br /> | other_party = <br /> | spouse = Ramavati Devi<br /> | children = 4 (2 sons &amp; 2 daughters)<br /> | website = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> | date = <br /> | year = <br /> | source = https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/604.htm <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Kanhaiya Lal Balmiki''' (14 March 1919 — 2 September 1985) was an Indian politician. He along with [[Raghubar Dayal Misra]] were the [[1st Lok Sabha]] MP from the [[Bulandshahr Lok Sabha constituency|Bulandshahr]] constituency of [[Uttar Pradesh]] as a member of the [[Indian National Congress]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Kshīrasāgara1994&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Rāmacandra Kshīrasāgara|title=Dalit Movement in India and Its Leaders, 1857-1956|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wx218EFVU8MC&amp;pg=PA175|access-date=15 November 2018|year=1994|publisher=M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd.|isbn=978-81-85880-43-3|pages=175–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ShankarRodrigues2014&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author1=B.L. Shankar|author2=Valerian Rodrigues|title=The Indian Parliament: A Democracy at Work|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0vQtDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT144|access-date=15 November 2018|date=15 December 2014|publisher=OUP India|isbn=978-0-19-908825-6|pages=144–}}&lt;/ref&gt; K.L. Balmiki also remained as MP in the [[3rd Lok Sabha]] representing [[Khurja Lok Sabha constituency|Khurja]] from 1962 to 1967.<br /> <br /> Balmiki was born 14 March 1919 in the village of Khanai ([[Baluchistan Agency|Baluchistan]]). He was educated in [[Government Intermediate College]], [[Allahabad]] and [[Meerut College]]. Married to Ramavati Devi on June 15, 1941, they have two sons and two daughters.&lt;ref name=&quot;loksabhaph&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Balmiki, Shri Kanhaiya Lal — Members Bioprofile |url=https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/604.htm |publisher=Lok Sabha |access-date=10 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Balmiki actively participated in the [[Quit India Movement]]. As a student, he participated several times in [[Hartal]] and [[Satyagraha]]. He was imprisoned as a political detainee during 1943—1945.&lt;ref name=&quot;loksabhaph&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/604.htm Official Biographical Sketch in Lok Sabha Website]<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Balmiki, K.L.}}<br /> [[Category:1919 births]]<br /> [[Category:1985 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:India MPs 1952–1957]]<br /> [[Category:India MPs 1957–1962]]<br /> [[Category:India MPs 1962–1967]]<br /> [[Category:Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gulbarga_Rural_Assembly_constituency&diff=501360 2026-04-19T19:26:58Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Creating a data</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Karnataka legislative assembly in India}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Gulbarga Rural<br /> | state = [[Karnataka]]<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | map_image = 43-Gulbarga Rural constituency.svg<br /> | map_caption = <br /> | map_alt = <br /> | mla = [[Basawaraj Mattimud]]<br /> | party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> | latest_election_year = [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]]<br /> | preceded_by = G. Ramkrishna<br /> | district = [[Kalaburagi district|Kalaburagi]]<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Gulbarga (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gulbarga]]<br /> | established = 2008<br /> | electors = {{formatnum:257752}}&lt;ref name=election2023&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/15163-karnataka-2023/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2023 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in |access-date=24 July 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{update after|2028|7}}<br /> | reservation = SC<br /> | constituency_no = 43<br /> }}<br /> '''Gulbarga Rural Assembly constituency''' is one of the 224 constituencies in the [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]] of [[Karnataka]], a southern state of [[India]]. Gulbarga Rural is also part of [[Gulbarga Lok Sabha constituency]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/gulbarga-rural.html Sitting and previous MLAs from Gulbarga Rural Assembly constituency]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Members of the Legislative Assembly==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Election<br /> ! Member<br /> ! colspan=2|Party<br /> |-<br /> | [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || [[Revu Naik Belamgi]] || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2013]] || G. Ramkrishna || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]] || rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Basawaraj Mattimud]] || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> === Assembly Election 2023 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Gulbarga Rural &lt;ref name=election2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Gulbarga Rural&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Gulbarga Rural |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS1043.htm?ac=43 |access-date=18 April 2025 |work= |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250418181112/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS1043.htm?ac=43 |archive-date=18 April 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Basawaraj Mattimud]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 84,466 |percentage = 52.10% |change = {{increase}}11.61 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[Revu Naik Belamgi]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 71,839 |percentage = 44.31% |change = {{increase}}11.94 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 839 |percentage = 0.52% |change = {{decrease}}0.54 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 12,627 |percentage = 7.79% |change = {{decrease}}0.33 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 162,651 |percentage = 63.10% |change = {{increase}}2.15 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 162,119}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 257,752 |ref = |change = {{increase}}2.90 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}11.61 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2018 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Gulbarga Rural &lt;ref name=election2018&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/6933-karnataka-2018/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election -2018 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in |accessdate=7 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=karCeoResults2018&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/GenELC_2018/ResultsACWise.PDF |title=Karnataka 2018 - Candidate-wise Votes Details |date=2018-05-16 |access-date=7 September 2021 |website=ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in |publisher=Chief Election Office - Karnataka}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Basawaraj Mattimud]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 61,750 |percentage = 40.49% |change = {{increase}}12.47 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Vijaykumar G. Ramakrishna |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 49,364 |percentage = 32.37% |change = {{decrease}}1.79 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[Revu Naik Belamgi]] |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 29,538 |percentage = 19.37% |change = {{increase}}12.03 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ambalaga Maruti Manapade |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 3,491 |percentage = 2.29% |change = {{decrease}}1.71 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Girish Bailappa Kambanavar |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,129 |percentage = 1.40% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,612 |percentage = 1.06% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ganapath Rao K. Mane |party = Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) |votes = 1,044 |percentage = 0.68% |change = {{decrease}}0.75 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 12,386 |percentage = 8.12% |change = {{increase}}1.97 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 152,687 |percentage = 60.95% |change = {{increase}}2.49 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 152,495}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 250,497 |ref = |change = {{increase}}18.65 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}6.33 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2013 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Gulbarga Rural &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2013 : To the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |website=eci.nic.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=2014-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220034253/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-20 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = G. Ramkrishna |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 40,075 |percentage = 34.16% |change = {{increase}}11.51 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Revunayak Belamgi |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 32,866 |percentage = 28.02% |change = {{decrease}}10.71 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Baburao Chauhan |party = Karnataka Janata Paksha |votes = 26,612 |percentage = 22.69% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = D. G. Sagar |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 8,612 |percentage = 7.34% |change = {{decrease}}11.67 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ambalaga Maruti Manapade |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 4,694 |percentage = 4.00% |change = {{decrease}}6.22 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Babuhonna Naik |party = Badavara Shramikara Raitara Congress |votes = 2,113 |percentage = 1.80% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Niganna. S. Jambagi |party = Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) |votes = 1,673 |percentage = 1.43% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ambaraya. S. Belamgi |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,584 |percentage = 1.35% |change = {{decrease}}4.62 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Satish Basavaraj Shinde |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,426 |percentage = 1.22% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 7,209 |percentage = 6.15% |change = {{decrease}}9.93 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 123,434 |percentage = 58.46% |change = {{increase}}8.40 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 117,303}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 211,131 |ref = |change = {{decrease}}0.78 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}4.57 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2008 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Gulbarga Rural &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=General Election Karnataka Legislative Assembly 2008 Election Statistics |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |publisher=Government of Karnataka |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201232433/https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Revu Naik Belamgi]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 41,239 |percentage = 38.73% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Chandrika Parameshwar |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 24,116 |percentage = 22.65% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = C. Gurunath |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 20,247 |percentage = 19.01% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Maruti Manpade |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 10,881 |percentage = 10.22% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Chandrakant Gaddgi |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 6,360 |percentage = 5.97% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shrimanth |party = Independent politician |votes = 3,644 |percentage = 3.42% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 17,123 |percentage = 16.08% |change = }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 106,516 |percentage = 50.06% |change = }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 106,487}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 212,792 |ref = |change = }}<br /> {{Election box new seat win |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Gulbarga]]<br /> * [[List of constituencies of Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Karnataka}}<br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:Kalaburagi district]]<br /> [[Category:Kalaburagi]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:2008 establishments in Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]<br /> {{coord|17.36|76.84|display=title}}</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Devar_Hippargi_Assembly_constituency&diff=496419 2026-04-19T19:25:47Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Creating new data</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Karnataka legislative assembly in India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Devar Hippargi<br /> | state = [[Karnataka]]<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | constituency_no = 27<br /> | map_image = 27-Devar Hippargi constituency.svg<br /> | map_caption = <br /> | map_alt = <br /> | mla = [[Bhimanagouda Patil]]<br /> | party = {{Party index link|Janata Dal (Secular)}}<br /> |alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}<br /> | latest_election_year = [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]]<br /> | preceded_by = Sonamagouda Patil<br /> | district = [[Bijapur district, Karnataka|Bijapur]]<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Bijapur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bijapur]]<br /> | established = 2008<br /> | electors = {{formatnum:219228}}&lt;ref name=election2023&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/15163-karnataka-2023/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2023 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in |access-date=24 July 2023 |url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{update after|2028|7}}<br /> | reservation = None<br /> }}<br /> '''Devar Hippargi Assembly constituency''' is one of 224 assembly constituencies in [[Karnataka]], in India. It is part of [[Bijapur Lok Sabha constituency]].<br /> <br /> [[Bhimanagouda Patil]] is the current MLA from Devar Hippargi.<br /> <br /> ==Members of the Legislative Assembly==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Election<br /> ! Member<br /> ! colspan=2|Party<br /> |-<br /> | [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[A. S. Patil (Nadahalli)]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2013]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]] || Somanagouda B. Patil (Sasanur) || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]] || [[Bhimanagouda Patil]] || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> === Assembly Election 2023 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Devar Hippargi &lt;ref name=election2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnataka election results 2023: Full list of winners&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=The Indian Express |title=Karnataka election results 2023: Full list of winners |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/karnataka-election-results-full-list-of-winners-8606612/ |access-date=23 November 2024 |work= |date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123042358/https://indianexpress.com/elections/karnataka-election-results-full-list-of-winners-8606612/ |archive-date=23 November 2024 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Devar Hippargi&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Election Commission of India |title=Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Devar Hippargi |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS1033.htm?ac=33 |access-date=23 November 2024 |date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123045007/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS1033.htm?ac=33 |archive-date=23 November 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Bhimanagouda Patil]] |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 65,952 |percentage = 43.39% |change = {{increase}}11.11 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Somanagouda B. Patil (Sasanur) |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 45,777 |percentage = 30.12% |change = {{decrease}}4.57 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sunagar Sharanappa Tippanna |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 33,673 |percentage = 22.16% |change = {{decrease}}5.19 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Basalingappa Urf Basalingappagouda S/o Basavantaray Ingalagi |party = Aam Aadmi Party |votes = 1,787 |percentage = 1.18% |change = {{decrease}}1.06 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Bhimanagouda Basanagouda Patil |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,044 |percentage = 0.69% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 695 |percentage = 0.46% |change = {{decrease}}0.36 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 20,175 |percentage = 13.27% |change = {{increase}}10.86 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 152,058 |percentage = 69.36% |change = {{increase}}2.66 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 151,983}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 219,228 |ref = |change = {{increase}}5.06 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Janata Dal (Secular) |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}8.70 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2018 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Devar Hippargi &lt;ref name=election2018&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/6933-karnataka-2018/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election -2018 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in |access-date=7 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=karCeoResults2018&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/GenELC_2018/ResultsACWise.PDF |title=Karnataka 2018 - Candidate-wise Votes Details |date=2018-05-16 |access-date=7 September 2021 |website=ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in |publisher=Chief Election Office - Karnataka}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Somanagouda B. Patil (Sasanur) |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 48,245 |percentage = 34.69% |change = {{increase}}10.28 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[Bhimanagouda Patil]] |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 44,892 |percentage = 32.28% |change = {{increase}}25.24 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. S. Patil (Yalagi) |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 38,038 |percentage = 27.35% |change = {{decrease}}4.09 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Asif Herkal |party = Aam Aadmi Party |votes = 3,111 |percentage = 2.24% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,139 |percentage = 0.82% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sidramappa Nagappa Mathad |party = Independent politician |votes = 878 |percentage = 0.63% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kiran Sidramayya Soulabavimath |party = All India Mahila Empowerment Party |votes = 855 |percentage = 0.61% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,353 |percentage = 2.41% |change = {{decrease}}4.62 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 139,190 |percentage = 66.70% |change = {{increase}}2.00 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 139,079}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 208,670 |ref = |change = {{increase}}17.14 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}3.25 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2013 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Devar Hippargi &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2013 : To the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |website=eci.nic.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=2014-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220034253/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-20 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[A. S. Patil (Nadahalli)]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 36,231 |percentage = 31.44% |change = {{decrease}}22.78 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Somanagouda B. Patil (Sasanur) |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 28,135 |percentage = 24.41% |change = {{increase}}0.71 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[Bhimanagouda Patil]] |party = Karnataka Janata Paksha |votes = 24,707 |percentage = 21.44% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sureshagouda Mudigoudappagouda Patil |party = Independent politician |votes = 12,421 |percentage = 10.78% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Reshmakousar Khajabandenawaj Padekanur |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 8,118 |percentage = 7.04% |change = {{decrease}}6.85 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Yashavant Malappa Pujari |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,069 |percentage = 0.93% |change = {{decrease}}1.22 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shashidhar Basanna |party = Independent politician |votes = 968 |percentage = 0.84% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Irfanullah Hafizulla Munasi |party = Welfare Party of India |votes = 895 |percentage = 0.78% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 8,096 |percentage = 7.03% |change = {{decrease}}23.49 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 115,259 |percentage = 64.70% |change = {{increase}}3.17 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 115,245}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 178,141 |ref = |change = {{increase}}8.30 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}22.78 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2008 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Devar Hippargi &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=General Election Karnataka Legislative Assembly 2008 Election Statistics |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |publisher=Government of Karnataka |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201232433/https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2021 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[A. S. Patil (Nadahalli)]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 54,879 |percentage = 54.22% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Basanagouda. R. Patil (Yatnal) |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 23,986 |percentage = 23.70% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Desai Shivaputrappa Madivalappa |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 14,059 |percentage = 13.89% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Yashavant Malappa Pujari |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 2,178 |percentage = 2.15% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Madagi Annappa Basappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,130 |percentage = 2.10% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Patil Ninganagouda Ramanagouda |party = Janata Dal (United) |votes = 1,211 |percentage = 1.20% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kashinath Channabasappa Masabinal |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,083 |percentage = 1.07% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Natikar Shankar Paramanna |party = Independent politician |votes = 685 |percentage = 0.68% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 30,893 |percentage = 30.52% |change = }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 101,213 |percentage = 61.53% |change = }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 101,210}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 164,493 |ref = |change = }}<br /> {{Election box new seat win |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[List of constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Karnataka}}<br /> <br /> {{coord|16.82|76.06|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:Bijapur district, Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:2008 establishments in Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kissannagar_Assembly_Constituency&diff=510124 2026-04-16T04:42:18Z

<p>KurtFaucett: created data!</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Former constituency of the Odisha Legislative Assembly}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Kissannagar<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | constituency_no = <br /> | state = [[Odisha]]<br /> | district = [[Cuttack district|Cuttack]]<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Cuttack Lok Sabha constituency|Cuttack]]<br /> | established = 1951<br /> | reservation = None<br /> | abolished = 2008<br /> | electors = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Kissannagar''' was an Assembly constituency from [[Cuttack district]] of [[Odisha]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Election Commission of India |url=http://archive.org/details/dpaco-1951 |title=1951 Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies (Statewise) Order of India |date=1951}}&lt;/ref&gt; It was established in 1951 and abolished in 1957.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Election Commission of India |url=http://archive.org/details/dpaco-1956 |title=1956 Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order of India |date=1957}}&lt;/ref&gt; It was revived in 1974&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Election Commission of India |url=http://archive.org/details/1973-1974-delimitation-notifs |title=1973–1974 Delimitation Commission of India Orders Statewise Notifications |date=1974}}&lt;/ref&gt; and abolished in 2008. Following 2008 Delimitation, It was subsumed into the [[Barabati-Cuttack Assembly constituency]].&lt;ref name=dpaco2008&gt;{{cite web|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3931-delimitation-of-parliamentary-assembly-constituencies-order-2008/ |title=The Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order - 2008|page=321}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Elected members ==<br /> Between 1951 &amp; 2008, 9 elections were held.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |title=Odisha Reference Annual – 2011: List of Members of Odisha Legislative Assembly (1951–2004) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217121136/http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-17 |access-date=2025-09-12 |website=orissa.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> List of members elected from Kissannagar constituency are:<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> !Year<br /> !Member<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party<br /> |-<br /> | [[1951 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1951]]<br /> | Rajakrushna Bose<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> ! colspan=&quot;4&quot; | ''1957-1974: Constituency didn't exist''<br /> |-<br /> | [[1974 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1974]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Batakrushna Jena<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Utkal Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1977 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1980 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br /> | Surendranath Patnaik<br /> | {{party name with color|Independent (politician)}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1985 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1985]]<br /> | Batakrushna Jena<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1990 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1990]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Yudhistir Das]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1995 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1995]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2000 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2000]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Pratap Jena]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Biju Janata Dal}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2004 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2004]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Biju Janata Dal}}<br /> |-<br /> ! colspan=&quot;4&quot; | ''From 2009: [[Barabati-Cuttack Assembly constituency|Barabati-Cuttack]]''<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Cuttack district}}<br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Odisha|state=expanded}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Cuttack district]]<br /> [[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Odisha]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Odisha]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]<br /> [[Category:1951 establishments in Orissa]]<br /> [[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 1957]]<br /> [[Category:1957 disestablishments in India]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1974]]<br /> [[Category:1974 establishments in Orissa]]<br /> [[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2008]]<br /> [[Category:2008 disestablishments in India]]<br /> <br /> {{Cuttack-geo-stub}}<br /> {{India-constituency-stub}}</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rasara_Assembly_constituency&diff=529729 2026-04-14T03:49:21Z

<p>KurtFaucett: adding basic entry v1 - done</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}<br /> <br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Rasra<br /> | map_image = 358-Rasara.svg<br /> | mla = [[Uma Shankar Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Umashankar Singh]]<br /> | party = {{Party index link|Bahujan Samaj Party}}<br /> | alliance = {{Party index link|Independent|None}}<br /> | latest_election_year = 2022<br /> | state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> | district = [[Ballia district|Ballia]]<br /> | reservation = None<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | electors = 3,56,377<br /> | constituency_no = 358<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Rasra''' is a constituency of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] covering the city of Rasra in the [[Ballia district]] of Uttar Pradesh, India.<br /> <br /> Rasra is one of five assembly constituencies in the [[Ghosi Lok Sabha constituency]]. Since 2008, this assembly constituency is numbered 358 amongst 403 constituencies.<br /> <br /> Currently the seat belongs to [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] candidate '''Umashankar Singh''' who won in last Assembly election of the [[ 2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Elections]] defeating [[Bharatiya Janta Party]] candidate '''Ram Iqball Singh''' by a margin of 33,887 votes.&lt;ref name=&quot;election2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/rasra.html|title=Assembly result 2017|website=Elections.in|access-date=2017-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Members of Legislative Assembly==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Year<br /> !Member&lt;ref name=&quot;election2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rasara Election and Results 2018, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up, Current MLA and Previous MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/Rasara.html |access-date= |website=Elections in India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[1957 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1957]]<br /> |Ram Ratan<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}&quot; |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Indian National Congress]]<br /> |-<br /> |Ganga Prasad Singh<br /> |-<br /> |[[1962 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1962]]<br /> |Raghunath<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Communist Party of India]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1967 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ram Ratan<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}&quot; |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Indian National Congress]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1969 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1969]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1974 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1974]]<br /> |Raghunath<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Communist Party of India]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1977 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br /> |Mannu Ram<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Janata Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1980 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Hardeo<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress (I)}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Indian National Congress (I)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1985 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1985]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}&quot; |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Indian National Congress]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1989 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1989]]<br /> |Ram Bachan<br /> |-<br /> |[[1991 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1991]]<br /> |Ghurhu<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Janata Dal]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1993 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1993]]<br /> |Ghoora Ram<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1996 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1996]]<br /> |Anil Kumar<br /> |style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}&quot; |<br /> |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2002 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2002]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Ghoora Ram]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}&quot; |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2007 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2007]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2012]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Uma Shankar Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Umashankar Singh]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2017]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2022]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> <br /> === 2022 ===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Rasara&lt;ref name=&quot;election2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-05-25 |title=Uttar Pradesh General Legislative Election 2022|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14185-uttar-pradesh-general-legislative-election-2022/|website=[[Election Commission of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |candidate = Umashankar Singh<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:90492}}<br /> |percentage = 45.12<br /> |change = -2.65<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party|candidate=Mahendra Chauhan|votes={{formatnum:81304}}|percentage=40.54|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Babban Rajbhar|votes={{formatnum:24235}}|percentage=12.08|change=-18.15}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]|votes={{formatnum:1339}}|percentage=0.67|change=-0.14}}<br /> {{Election box majority|votes={{formatnum:6583}}|percentage=3.28|change=-14.26}}<br /> {{Election box turnout|votes={{formatnum:200572}}|percentage=56.28|change=-1.26}}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link<br /> | <br /> |winner = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |loser = <br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2017 ===<br /> {{Election box begin<br /> |title = [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election]]: Rasara&lt;ref name=&quot;election2017&quot;/&gt;<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |candidate = Uma Shanker Singh<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:92272}}<br /> |percentage = 47.77<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |candidate = Ram Iqball Singh<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:58385}}<br /> |percentage = 30.23<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Samajwadi Party<br /> |candidate = Sanatan Pandey<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:37006}}<br /> |percentage = 19.16<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:1558}}<br /> |percentage = 0.81<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:33887}}<br /> |percentage = 17.54<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:193151}}<br /> |percentage = 57.54<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{cite web |title=Results of Uttar Pradesh Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/92-uttar-pradesh/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}<br /> <br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh}}<br /> {{coord|25.76|84.02|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Ballia district]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1956]]<br /> [[Category:1956 establishments in Uttar Pradesh]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manohari_Joy&diff=516220 2026-04-11T14:16:28Z

<p>KurtFaucett: stub...</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian actress and theatre artist}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Manohari Joy<br /> | image = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_date = <br /> | birth_place = Thumboli, [[Alappuzha]], [[Kerala]], India<br /> | occupation = Actress&lt;br&gt; Theatre artist&lt;br&gt; Dancer<br /> | years_active = 2015–present<br /> | known_for = [[Bheeshma Parvam]]&lt;br&gt; [[Malikappuram]]&lt;br&gt; [[Sookshmadarshini]]&lt;br&gt;In&lt;br&gt;<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Manohari Joy''' is an Indian actress and theatre artist who works primarily in [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam films]] and television.<br /> <br /> ==Early life and background==<br /> Manohari Joy was born in Thumboli, Alappuzha, Kerala. She trained in classical dance at Swathi Thirunal Music Academy, Thiruvananthapuram, and worked as a dance teacher at Chettikulangara High School for eight years before transitioning into theatre and screen acting.<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> Manohari performed in over 36 professional Malayalam dramas across 18 theatre groups over forty years.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=24-ാം വയസിൽ അത് ഞാൻ നഷ്‌ടപ്പെടുത്തി, അന്ന് സിനിമയോട് പേടിയായിരുന്നു; തുറന്ന് പറഞ്ഞ് നടി മനോഹരി|trans-title=I missed it at 24 and was afraid of cinema then: Actress Manohari opens up|website=Southlive|url=https://www.southlive.in/movie/celebrity-talk/i-missed-it-at-24-and-was-afraid-of-cinema-then-actress-manohari-opened-up}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> She gained public recognition through the popular TV sitcom ''[[Uppum Mulakum]]'', where she played Sarada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=അതു കൊണ്ടു സിനിമ വേണ്ട ഉപ്പും മുളകും മതി; സ്ലീവാച്ചന്റെ അമ്മയെപറ്റി ഉപ്പും മുളകും തിരക്കഥാകൃത്ത്!|trans-title=Uppum Mulakum script writer explains about actress Manohari Joy|website=Samayam Malayalam|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/tv/serials/uppum-mulakum-script-writer-explains-about-actress-manohari-joy/articleshow/73768425.cms}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> She made her feature film debut in ''[[Kettyolaanu Ente Malakha]]'' (2019), where her performance as Eliyamma received appreciation.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=കെട്ട്യോൾ മാത്രമല്ല, അമ്മച്ചിയും മാലാഖയാണു!; സ്ലീവാച്ചൻ്റെ അമ്മച്ചിയെ ഏറ്റെടുത്ത് ആരാധകര്‍!|trans-title=RJ Bala's Facebook post about Uppum Mulakum actress Manohari Joy for the show in Kettiyollaanu Ente Maalakha|website=Samayam Malayalam|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-news/rj-balas-facebook-post-about-uppum-mulakum-actress-manohari-joy-for-the-show-in-kettiyollaanu-ente-maalakha-malayalam-movie/articleshow/72611671.cms}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> She later played acclaimed supporting roles in several films, including ''[[Bheeshma Parvam]]'' (2022), ''[[Malikappuram]]'' (2022), and ''[[Christopher (film)|Christopher]]'' (2023).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=സ്ലീവാച്ചന്റെ അമ്മച്ചിയുടെ ക്രിസ്മസ് സമ്മാനം; പങ്കുവെച്ച് ആസിഫ് അലി!: ഏറ്റെടുത്ത് അമ്മച്ചിയുടെ ആരാധകരും!|trans-title=Asif Ali shares short video of Uppum Mulakum actress Manohari Joy starrer Christmas special video|website=Samayam Malayalam|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/celebrity-news/asif-ali-shares-short-video-of-uppum-mulakum-actress-manohari-joy-starrer-christmas-special-video/articleshow/72980716.cms}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2022, she appeared in ''[[Autorickshawkarante Bharya]]'', a film adaptation of [[M. Mukundan]]'s story.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ann Augustine, Suraj Venjaramoodu's Autorickshawkkarante Bharya to release|website=Onmanorama|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2022/10/13/ann-augustine-autorickshawkarante-bharya-suraj-venjaramoodu-m-mukundan-movie-release.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> She was also featured in ''Kachi'', a film that had a digital release.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=അതിജീവനത്തിന്‍റെ കഥയുമായി ബിനു പപ്പു നായകനായ 'കച്ചി'|trans-title=Binu Pappu, Manohari Joy starrer Kachi movie to release on OTT|website=Samayam Malayalam|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-news/binu-pappu-manohari-joy-starrer-kachi-movie-ott-release/articleshow/82800838.cms}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2024, she played Gracy in the suspense thriller film ''[[Sookshmadarshini]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Sookshmadarshini movie review: Intelligent writing and clever casting elevate this thriller|website=New Indian Express|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2024/Nov/23/sookshmadarshini-movie-review-intelligent-writing-and-clever-casting-elevate-this-thriller}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> She also appeared in the political thriller ''Swargathile Katturumbu''.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Swargathile Katturumbu trailer: Dhyan Sreenivasan in an action-packed political thriller|website=Cinema Express|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/Jun/20/swargathile-katturumbu-trailer-dhyan-sreenivasan-in-an-action-packed-political-thriller-laced-with-romance}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Dhyan Sreenivasan's Swargathile Katturumbu to release in May: What we know|website=News18|url=https://www.news18.com/movies/dhyan-sreenivasans-swargathile-katturumbu-to-release-in-may-what-we-know-8830325.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Dhyan Sreenivasan's Swargathile Katturumbu gets a release date|website=Cinema Express|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/Jun/16/dhyan-sreenivasans-swargathile-katturumbu-gets-a-release-date}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Filmography==<br /> ===Films===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> ! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes !! Ref.<br /> |-<br /> | 2019 || ''[[Kettyolaanu Ente Malakha]]'' || Eliyamma || Film debut || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=മലയാളത്തിന്‍റെ അമ്മമനസ് ; 2019 ല്‍ മനസില്‍ ഇടം നേടിയ അമ്മമാര്‍|website=Samayam Malayalam|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-news/best-mother-roles-of-malayalam-cinema-2019/articleshow/72683357.cms}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2021 || ''[[Aarkkariyam]]'' || Augustine’s mother || || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Nayattu (2021 film)|Nayattu]]'' || Praveen’s mother || || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Cheraathukal]]'' || || Anthology film &lt;br&gt; Segment:Clara || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Malayalam anthology Cherathukal to release on 10 OTT platforms|url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/malayalam-anthology-cherathukal-to-release-on-10-ott-platforms/471}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2021 || ''Kachi'' || || || &lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | 2022 || [[Meppadiyan]] || Amma || || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=ഇവർ വെള്ളിത്തിരയിലും ഒന്നിക്കുമ്പോൾ|trans-title=Nisha Sarang, Manohari Joy in film along with Uppum Mulakum stars|website=Indian Express Malayalam|url=https://malayalam.indianexpress.com/entertainment/nisha-sarangh-manohari-joy-kottayam-ramesh-meppadiyan-film-uppum-mulakum-stars-437020/}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''In'' || Grace || || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Autorickshawkarante Bharya]]'' || Sajeevan's mother || || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='അങ്ങനെ തോല്‍ക്കുന്നവന്‍ അല്ല ഈ സജീവന്‍'; ഓട്ടോറിക്ഷക്കാരന്‍റെ ഭാര്യ ടീസര്‍ ശ്രദ്ധേയം - ആന്‍ അഗസ്റ്റിന്‍|website=ETV Bharat|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/malayalam/kerala/entertainment/movie/suraj-venjaramoodu-ann-augustine-autorickshawakkarante-bharya-teaser/kerala20221013133724962962844}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Puzhu (film)|Puzhu]]'' || Kuttan’s Mother || || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Bheeshma Parvam]]'' || Annamma || || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Malikappuram]]'' || Ajayan's mother || || <br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2023 || ''[[Christopher (film)|Christopher]]'' || Agnes || || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Article 21 (film)|Article 21]]'' || || || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title= 'നീതിക്കു വേണ്ടി അണിനിരക്കൂ....'; വേറിട്ട പോസ്റ്ററുമായി 'ആർട്ടിക്കിൾ 21' - നീതിക്കു വേണ്ടി അണിനിരക്കൂ|website=ETV Bharat|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/malayalam/kerala/entertainment/movie/article-21-movie-new-poster/kerala20230710125420359359170}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Antony (2023 film)|Antony]]'' || || || <br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;8&quot; | 2024 || ''[[Qalb (film)|Qalb]]'' || Thumbi's grandmother|| || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Suhasini Hasan is in all praise for Sajid Yahiya's Qalb; calls it a 'refreshing' watch|website=OTTPlay|url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/suhasini-hasan-is-in-all-praise-for-sajid-yahiyas-qalb-calls-it-a-refreshing-watch/b3158301c1997}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''Swargathile Katturumbu'' || || || &lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Swargam]]'' || Elsamma || || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=ആനിയമ്മയായി മഞ്ജുപിള്ള, ഒപ്പം ഒരു റോബോട്ടും; 'സ്വര്‍ഗം' ക്യാരക്ടര്‍ പോസ്റ്റര്‍ പുറത്ത്|website=Mathrubhumi News|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/swargam-character-poster-with-manju-pillai-1.9951807}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''Oru Kattil Oru Muri'' || || || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='അവളൊരു മാലാഖയുടെ ഖല്‍ബുള്ള സ്‌ത്രീ'; വ്യത്യസ്‌തമായി ഒരു കട്ടിൽ ഒരു മുറി - Oru Kattil Oru Muri Trailer - ORU KATTIL ORU MURI TRAILER|website=ETV Bharat|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/ml/!entertainment/oru-kattil-oru-muri-trailer-released-starring-poornima-indhrajith-kerala-news-kls24100101742}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Panchayath Jetty]]'' || || || <br /> |-<br /> | [[Nadikar]] || || || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Her (2024 film)|Her]]'' || Grandmother || || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Sookshmadarshini]]'' || Gracy (Ammachi) || || &lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=3 | 2025 || ''[[Mr &amp; Mrs Bachelor]]'' || Siddhu's mother || ||&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2025-05-18 |title=Mr &amp; Mrs Bachelor trailer: Indrajith and Anaswara's film promises to be a feel-good comedy entertainer |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2025/May/18/mr-mrs-bachelor-trailer-indrajith-and-anaswaras-film-promises-to-be-a-feel-good-comedy-entertainer |access-date=2025-10-15 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Diés Iraé]]'' || Madhu's mother || ||&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=The Hindu |date=2025-08-27 |title=‘Diés Iraé’: Teaser of Pranav Mohanlal-Rahul Sadasivan horror drama out |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/di%C3%A9s-ira%C3%A9-teaser-pranav-mohanlal-rahul-sadasivan-release-date-bramayugam-malayalam-movie/article69982345.ece |access-date=2025-11-02 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''Athibheekara Kaamukan'' || Arjun’s mother|| ||&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=Cinema Express |date=2025-10-15 |title=Lukman's Athibheekara Kaamukan gets release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2025/Oct/15/lukmans-athibheekara-kaamukan-gets-release-date |access-date=2025-10-15 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2026 || ''Koodothram'' || || || &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=ബൈജു എഴുപുന്ന സംവിധാനംചെയ്യുന്ന കൂടോത്രം;ഫസ്റ്റ്ലുക്ക് പോസ്റ്റർ മമ്മൂട്ടിക്കമ്പനി പ്രകാശനം ചെയ്തു|website=Mathrubhumi News|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/baiju-ezhupunna-koodothram-movie-first-look-poster-release-1.10258066}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Television===<br /> * ''[[Uppum Mulakum]]'' (2015 – present) – Sarada&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=ഇവർ വെള്ളിത്തിരയിലും ഒന്നിക്കുമ്പോൾ|trans-title=Uppum Mulakum Biju Sopanam, Kottayam Ramesh, Manohari Joy star cast|website=Indian Express Malayalam|url=https://malayalam.indianexpress.com/television/uppum-mulakum-biju-sopanam-kottayam-ramesh-manohari-joy-balu-mother-father-343280/}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * ''[[Manorathangal]]'' (2024) – Muthassi<br /> * ''[[Inspection Bungalow]]'' (2025)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Inspection Bungalow trailer: Zee5 series promises a chilling yet heartwarming ride|website=India Today|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/ott/story/inspection-bungalow-malayalam-horror-comedy-series-shabareesh-varma-zee5-2814063-2025-11-05}}&lt;/ref&gt; - Vishnu's mother<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *{{IMDb title|11145195}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Joy, Manohari}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Indian film actresses]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Indian television actresses]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses from Kerala]]<br /> [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Odonata_species_of_Telangana&diff=512609 2026-04-05T05:59:39Z

<p>KurtFaucett: article...</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|List of Odonata recorded in Telangana, India}}<br /> This article lists the [[Odonata]] species found in the [[India|Indian]] state of [[Telangana]]. While there have been no surveys on the [[Odonata]] of [[Telangana]], many species have been recorded from citizen science platforms like [[iNaturalist]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=List of Odonata of Telangana |url=https://www.inaturalist.org/projects/list-of-odonata-of-telangana |access-date=2025-07-23 |website=iNaturalist |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Suborder: [[Zygoptera]] (Damselflies) ==<br /> There are 20 species of damselflies found in the state.<br /> <br /> === Family: [[Lestidae]] (Spread-winged damselflies) ===<br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Lestes]]'' ====<br /> ===== Species: ''[[Lestes concinnus]]'' - dusky spreadwing =====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:A male Dusky Spreadwing damselfly.jpg|Male <br /> File:A female Dusky Spreadwing damselfly.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ===== Species: ''[[Lestes elatus]]'' - Asian emerald spreadwing =====<br /> Source:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Mitul and Vijul |date=2022-08-22 |title=Asian Emerald Spreadwing (Lestes elatus) |url=https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/131876943 |access-date=2025-07-24 |website=iNaturalist |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Lestes elatus-Kadavoor-2016-07-31-001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Lestes elatus-Kadavoor-2016-07-04-003.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> === Family: [[Calopterygidae]] (Broad-winged damselflies) ===<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Vestalis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Vestalis apicalis]]'' ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Black Tipped Forest Glory (Vestalis apicalis) male. (44158153825).jpg|Male<br /> File:Vestalis apicalis female by Kadavoor.jpg|Female<br /> File:Black tipped forest glory (Vestalis apicalis) mating.jpg|Mating<br /> File:Larva of Black tipped forest glory (Vestalis apicalis) male.jpg|Larva<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Vestalis gracilis]]'' ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Clear-winged Forest Glory 06863.jpg|Male<br /> File:Vestalis gracilis ♀ (4158773801).jpg|Female<br /> File:Vestalis gracilis Anal appendage.jpg|Anal appendage<br /> File:Vestalis gracilis young male.jpg|Young male<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> === Family: [[Chlorocyphidae]] ===<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Heliocypha]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Heliocypha bisignata]]'' ''-'' stream ruby ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Rhinocypha bisignata male-Kadavoor-2015-08-20-001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Rhinocypha bisignata-Kadavoor-2016-06-15-001.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Libellago]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Libellago indica]]'' - southern heliodor ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Libellago lineata male-Kadavoor-2015-08-21-001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Libellago lineata female-Kadavoor-2015-08-21-001.jpg|Female<br /> File:Libellago Dubare.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> === Family: [[Platycnemididae]] ===<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Caconuera]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Caconeura ramburi]]'' - Coorg bambootail ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Platycnemididae-Silent Valley-2016-08-14-001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Caconeura ramburi female.jpg|Female<br /> File:Caconeura ramburi 2.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Copera]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Copera marginipes]]'' - yellow featherlegs ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Copera marginipes-Kadavoor-2016-11-11-001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Copera marginipes female at Kadavoor.jpg|Female<br /> File:Copera marginipes RJM 5557.jpg|Mating<br /> File:Copera marginipes-Kadavoor-2016-11-11-002.jpg|Anal appendages<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Copera vittata]]'' - blue bush dart ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Davidraju C.vittata.jpg|Male<br /> File:Copera species 05399.jpg|Female<br /> File:Larva of Blue bush dart (Copera vittata) male.jpg|Larva<br /> File:Copera vittata Mating.jpg|Mating<br /> File:Copera vittata-Kadavoor-2016-11-27-002.jpg|Anal appendages<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Disparoneura]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Disparoneura quadrimaculata]]'' - black-winged bambootail ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Disparoneura quadrimaculata - Black-winged Bambootail 310520 (11).jpg|Male<br /> File:Disparoneura quadrimaculata 2 by Manoj V Nair.jpg|Female<br /> File:Disparoneura quadrimaculata 3 by Manoj V Nair.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> === Family: [[Coenagrionidae]] ===<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Agriocnemis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Agriocnemis pygmaea]]'' - wandering midget ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Agriocnemis pygmaea male, Burdwan, West Bengal, India 14 03 2012.jpg|Male<br /> File:Agriocnemis pygmaea female, Burdwan, West Bengal, India 11 10 2012.jpg|Female<br /> File:Pygmy Dartlet (Agriocnemis pygmaea) (28796118058).jpg|Mating<br /> File:Agriocnemis pygmaea(Female).jpg|Young female<br /> File:Wandering Midget imported from iNaturalist photo 105155704.jpg|Male with silver pruinescence<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Amphiallagma]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Amphiallagma parvum]]'' - azure dartlet ====<br /> Source:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Shanker |first=Chitra |date=2025-03-11 |title=Azure Dartlet (Amphiallagma parvum) |url=https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/264906980 |access-date=2025-07-23 |website=iNaturalist |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Amphiallagma parvum by Davidraju IMG 9994.jpg|Male<br /> File:Azure Dartlet ( Amphiallagma parvum) Female.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Ceriagrion]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Ceriagrion coromandelianum]]'' - coromandel marsh dart ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Ceriagrion coromandelianum male, Burdwan, West Bengal, India 09 07 2013.jpg|Male<br /> File:Ceriagrion coromandelianum, Burdwan, West Bengal, India 23 09 2012 (1).JPG|Female<br /> File:Ceriagrion coromandelianum mating 6015.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Ischnura]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Ischnura nursei]]'' ====<br /> Source:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Shanker |first=Chitra |date=2025-03-11 |title=Pixie Dartlet (Ischnura nursei) |url=https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/264906797 |access-date=2025-07-23 |website=iNaturalist |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Davidraju Satpura (20).jpg|Male<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Ischnura rubilio]]'' - western golden dartlet ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Ischnura rubilio-Kadavoor-2016-07-09-001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Ischnura rubilio-Silent Valley-2016-08-15-001.jpg|Female<br /> File:Ischnura rubilio-Kadavoor-2016-07-09-003.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Ischnura senegalensis]]'' - common dartlet ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Damselfly October 2007 Osaka Japan.jpg|Male<br /> File:Ischnura senegalensis(Female,Japan,2018.10.08).jpg|Female<br /> File:Senegal Golden Dartlet (Ischnura senegalensis) by Dharani Prakash.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Paracercion]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Paracercion melanotum]]'' - eastern lilysquatter ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Paracercion melanotum(Male,Japan,2018.05.05).jpg|Male<br /> File:Paracercion melanotum - Weiting Liu - 366659925.jpeg|Female<br /> File:Paracercion melanotum - WATANABE Hitoshi 渡辺仁 - 284155665.jpeg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Pseudagrion]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Pseudagrion decorum]]'' - three-striped blue dart ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Pseudagrion decorum-Thekkady-2016-12-02-001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Pseudagrion decorum female by Manoj V Nair.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Pseudagrion microcephalum]]'' - blue riverdamsel ====<br /> Source:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Varma |first=Kunaparaju Shanmukh |date=2024-07-18 |title=Blue Riverdamsel (Pseudagrion microcephalum) |url=https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230031066 |access-date=2025-07-23 |website=iNaturalist |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Blue riverdamsel (Pseudagrion microcephalum) male Cattana.jpg|Male<br /> File:Pseudagrion microcephalum by Sunny Joseph.jpg|Female<br /> File:Blue Grass Dartlet (Pseudagrion microcephalum) Mating (19652922464).jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Pseudagrion rubriceps]]'' - orange-faced sprite ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Pseudagrion rubriceps - Saffron-faced blue dart.jpg|Male<br /> File:Saffron-faced Blue Dart (Pseudagrion rubriceps)- Female W IMG 3613.jpg|Female<br /> File:Saffron Faced Blue Dart (Pseudagrion rubriceps) mating (42702807810).jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == Suborder: [[Anisoptera]] (Dragonflies) ==<br /> There are 37 species of dragonfly found in the state.<br /> <br /> === Family: [[Aeshnidae]] ===<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Anaciaeschna]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Anaciaeschna jaspidea]]'' - rusty darner ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Anaciaeschna jaspidea by Manoj V Nair.jpg|Male<br /> File:Female Rusty Darner imported from iNaturalist photo 20461844.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: [[Anax (dragonfly)|''Anax'']] ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Anax ephippiger]]'' - vagrant emperor ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Anax ephippiger by Sandesh.jpg|Male<br /> File:Dragonfly Porto Covo August 2021-4.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Anax immaculifrons]]'' - fiery emperor ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Anax immaculifrons Blue Darner from Valparai IMG 8478 a.jpg|Male<br /> File:Anax immaculifrons by Bala Chandran.jpg|Female<br /> File:Anax immaculifrons (6230775019).jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Anax indicus]]'' - elephant emperor ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Anax indicus by Arun V.jpg|Male<br /> File:Anax indicus 5231.jpg|Female<br /> File:Anax indicus by Nagabhushan Jyothi.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Anax parthenope]]'' - lesser emperor ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:2012.08.11.-18-Viernheimer Heide Viernheim-Kleine Koenigslibelle-Maennchen.jpg|Male<br /> File:Female. Lesser Emperor. Anax parthenope. - Flickr - gailhampshire.jpg|Female<br /> File:Anax parthenope Bangalore.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Gynacantha]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Gynacantha millardi]]'' - parakeet darner ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Gynacantha millardi - Kadavoor - 001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Gynacantha millardi - dragonfly.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> === Family: [[Gomphidae]] ===<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Ictinogomphus]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Ictinogomphus rapax]]'' - Indian common clubtail ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Indian common clubtail (Ictinogomphus rapax) male 3.jpg|Male<br /> File:Ictinogomphus rapax (cropped).jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Paragomphus]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Paragomphus lineatus]]'' - lined hooktail ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Lined Hooktail Paragomphus lineatus Male.jpg|Male<br /> File:Paragomphus lineatus (Selys, 1850) Male 4.jpg|Female<br /> File:Paragomphus lineatus (Selys, 1850) Male 8.jpg|Anal appendages<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> === Family: [[Macromiidae]] ===<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Epophthalmia]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Epophthalmia vittata]]'' - common torrent hawk ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Epophthalmia vittata 3 by Suraj Naik.jpg|Male<br /> File:Epophthalmia vittata (Common Torrent Hawk) female dorsal view.jpg|Female<br /> File:Epophthalmia vittata (Common Torrent Hawk) female Anal appendages ventral view.jpg|Anal appendages<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> === Family: [[Libellulidae]] ===<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Acisoma]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Acisoma panorpoides]]'' - grizzled pintail ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Acisoma panorpoides-Kadavoor-2016-09-07-001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Acisoma panorpoides 6806.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Brachydiplax]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Brachydiplax sobrina]]'' ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Little blue marsh hawk (Brachydiplax sobrina) male. ചെറുവെണ്ണീറന്‍. (41384533834).jpg|Male<br /> File:Little blue marsh hawk (Brachydiplax sobrina) female.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Brachythemis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Brachythemis contaminata]]'' - ditch jewel ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Ditch jewel (Brachythemis contaminata) male Kerala.jpg|Male<br /> File:Brachythemis contaminata female 27052014 (1).jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Bradinopyga]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Bradinopyga geminata]]'' - granite ghost ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bradinopyga geminata at Kadavoor.jpg|Male<br /> File:Bradinopyga geminata 6558.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Crocothemis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Crocothemis servilia]]'' - scarlet skimmer ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Scarlet skimmer at Keitakuen in Osaka, June, 2016 III.jpg|Male<br /> File:Common scarlet (Crocothemis servilia) female.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Diplacodes]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Diplacodes lefebvrii]]'' - black percher ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Libélula (Diplacodes lefebvrii), Wadi Bani Khalid, Omán, 2024-08-17, DD 62.jpg|Male<br /> File:Diplacodes lefebvrii, dragonfly, black percher, black ground skimmer.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: ''[[Diplacodes trivialis]]'' ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Diplacodes trivialis 05609.JPG|Male<br /> File:Diplacodes trivialis, Burdwan, West Bengal, India 13 09 2012 5.jpg|Female<br /> File:Diplacodes trivialis mating by kadavoor.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Indothemis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Indothemis carnatica|''Indothemis carnatica'']] - white-tipped demon ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Indothemis carnatica-male 8376.jpg|Male<br /> File:Indothemis carnatica female by kadavoor.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Lathrecista]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Lathrecista asiatica|''Lathrecista asiatica'']] - Asian bloodtail ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Asiatic blood tail (Lathrecista asiatica) male Viti Levu.jpg|Male<br /> File:Lathrecista asiatica, Taman Sari, Yogyakarta, 2014-05-07 01.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Neurothemis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Neurothemis intermedia|''Neurothemis intermedia'']] - paddyfield parasol ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Neurothemis intermedia male 2525.jpg|Male<br /> File:Paddyfield parasol (Neurothemis intermedia) female Kanha.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Neurothemis fulvia|''Neurothemis fulvia'']] - russet percher ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Neurothemis fulvia 1.JPG|Male<br /> File:Neurothemis fulvia-Kadavoor-2016-07-28-001.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Neurothemis tullia|''Neurothemis tullia'']] - pied paddy skimmer ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Pied paddy skimmer (Neurothemis tullia) male.jpg|Male<br /> File:Pied paddy skimmer (Neurothemis tullia) female.jpg|Female<br /> File:Pied paddy skimmer (Neurothemis tullia) immature male.jpg|Immature male<br /> File:Neurothemis tullia mating by kadavoor.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Orthetrum]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Orthetrum glaucum|''Orthetrum glaucum'']] ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Blue marsh hawk (Orthetrum glaucum) male Phuket.jpg|Male<br /> File:Orthetrum glaucum-Silent Valley-2016-08-14-003.jpg|Female<br /> File:Orthetrum glaucum – Blue Marsh Hawk.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Orthetrum luzonicum|''Orthetrum luzonicum'']] - slender blue skimmer ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Orthetrum luzonicum-Kadavoor-2016-09-08-001.jpg|Male<br /> File:Orthetrum luzonicum-Kadavoor-2016-10-15-002.jpg|Female<br /> File:Tri-coloured Marsh Hawk Orthetrum luzonicum mating by kadavoor.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Orthetrum pruinosum|''Orthetrum pruinosum'']] - crimson-tailed marsh hawk ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Orthetrum pruinosum 02116.jpg|Male<br /> File:Orthetrum pruinosum female by kadavoor.jpg|Female<br /> File:Orthetrum pruinosum mating 5988.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Orthetrum sabina|''Orthetrum sabina'']] - slender skimmer ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Slender skimmer (Orthetrum sabina) male Cyprus.jpg|Male<br /> File:Green marsh hawk (Orthetrum sabina) female Nepalgunj.jpg|Female<br /> File:Green marsh hawks (Orthetrum sabina) mating Rajasthan.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Orthetrum taeniolatum|''Orthetrum taeniolatum'']] - little skimmer ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Orthetrum taeniolatum 440358463.jpg|Male<br /> File:Small skimmer (Orthetrum taeniolatum) female Rajasthan.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Pantala]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Pantala flavescens|''Pantala flavescens'']] - wandering glider ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Pantala flavescens-Kadavoor-2017-05-04-002.jpg|Male<br /> File:Wandering glider (Pantala flavescens).JPG|Female<br /> File:Skimmer (Dragonfly) mating in air.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Potamarcha]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Potamarcha congener|''Potamarcha congener'']] - swampwatcher ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Yellow-tailed Ashy Skimmer Potamarcha congener Male by kadavoor.jpg|Male<br /> File:Potamarcha congener, Sambisari Temple complex 02.jpg|Female<br /> File:Yellow-tailed Ashy Skimmer Potamarcha congener juvenile male by kadavoor.jpg|Immature male<br /> File:Yellow tailed ashy skimmer - Potamarcha congener.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Rhyothemis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Rhyothemis variegata|''Rhyothemis variegata'']] - common picturewing ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Common picture wing (Rhyothemis variegata) 07554.jpg|Male<br /> File:Onathumpi OR Common Picture wing OR Rhyothemis variegata from angamaly kerala 42.jpg|Female<br /> File:Rhyothemis variegata mating pair.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Tholymis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Tholymis tillarga|''Tholymis tillarga'']] - twister ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Tholymis tillarga male by kadavoor 01.jpg|Male<br /> File:Tholymis tillarga 05194.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Tramea]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Tramea basilaris|''Tramea basilaris'']] - keyhole glider ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Tramea basilaris,Red Marsh Trotter.jpg|Male<br /> File:Keyhole Glider (Tramea basilaris) (11857165716).jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Tramea limbata|''Tramea limbata'']] - ferruginous glider ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Ferruginous glider (Tramea limbata) male 2.jpg|Male<br /> File:Tramea limbata by Anubhav Agarwal.jpg|Female<br /> File:Tramea limbata 2.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Trithemis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Trithemis aurora|''Trithemis aurora'']] - crimson marsh glider ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Trithemis aurora male 2 by kadavoor.jpg|Male<br /> File:Crimson marsh glider (Trithemis aurora) female Rajasthan.jpg|Female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Trithemis festiva|''Trithemis festiva'']] - indigo dropwing ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Indigo dropwing (Trithemis festiva) male Cyprus 3.jpg|Male<br /> File:Trithemis festiva,Black Stream Glider ,teneral.jpg|Female<br /> File:Trithemis festiva juvenile (13) copy.jpg|Juvenile<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Trithemis pallidinervis|''Trithemis pallidinervis'']] - dancing dropwing ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Long-legged marsh glider (Trithemis pallidinervis) male Rajasthan.jpg|Male<br /> File:Trithemis pallidinervis female by kadavoor.JPG|Female<br /> File:Long legged marsh glider,Trithemis pallidinervis,mating.jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Urothemis]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Urothemis signata|''Urothemis signata'']] - scarlet basker ====<br /> Source:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Acharya |first=Adityayan |date=2022-03-14 |title=Scarlet Basker (Urothemis signata) |url=https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/108589627 |access-date=2025-07-24 |website=iNaturalist |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Scarlet basker (Urothemis signata insignata) male.jpg|Male<br /> File:Greater Crimson Glider (Urothemis signata).jpg|Female<br /> File:Greater Crimson Glider (Urothemis signata) mating (37640691730).jpg|Mating<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Genus: ''[[Zyxomma]]'' ====<br /> <br /> ==== Species: [[Zyxomma petiolatum|''Zyxomma petiolatum'']] - dingy dusk-darter ====<br /> &lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Brown Dusk Hawk (Zyxomma petiolatum) (25368467958).jpg|Male<br /> File:Zyxomma petiolatum by David Raju.jpg|Female<br /> File:Brown Dusk Hawk (Zyxomma petiolatum) (15314926378).jpg|Young female<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Insects of India]]<br /> [[Category:Lists of insects by location]]<br /> [[Category:Telangana-related lists]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pop_Kaun%3F&diff=525995 2026-04-04T19:58:48Z

<p>KurtFaucett: adding first entry w/ infobox - done</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|2023 Indian television series}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=March 2023}}<br /> {{Infobox television<br /> | image = Poster of Pop Kaun TV series.jpg<br /> | caption =<br /> | genre = [[Comedy drama]]<br /> | based_on = <br /> | creator = Farhad Samji<br /> | director = [[Farhad Samji]]<br /> | starring = {{Plainlist|<br /> * [[Kunal Khemu]]<br /> * [[Saurabh Shukla]] <br /> * [[Johny Lever]]<br /> * [[Rajpal Yadav]]<br /> * [[Nupur Sanon]] <br /> * [[Ashwini Kalsekar]]<br /> * [[Farhad Samji]]<br /> }}<br /> | writer = {{ubl|Tasha Bhambhra|Sparsh Khetarpal|Farhad Samji}}<br /> | theme_music_composer = [[Sanjoy Chowdhury]] <br /> | composer = Farhad Samji<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Hindi<br /> | num_episodes = 6<br /> | location = <br /> | cinematography = <br /> | editor = Kamlesh Parui<br /> | network = [[Disney+ Hotstar]]<br /> | first_aired = {{Start date|2023|03|17|df=yes}}<br /> | last_aired = <br /> | company = Yam Productions<br /> | executive_producer = Gaurav Banerjee&lt;br/&gt; Varun Malik&lt;br/&gt; Mahesh Menon&lt;br/&gt; Manoj Mitra<br /> | producer = Zukhruf Samji&lt;br/&gt; Farhad Samji<br /> | runtime = 30-40 minutes<br /> | num_seasons = 1<br /> | list_episodes = <br /> | related = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Pop Kaun?''''' is a 2023 Indian [[Comedy drama|comedy-drama]] television series directed by [[Farhad Samji]], produced by Yam Productions and distributed by [[Disney+ Hotstar]]. The series stars [[Kunal Khemu]], [[Saurabh Shukla]], [[Johny Lever]], [[Rajpal Yadav]], [[Ashwini Kalsekar]], [[Chunky Pandey]], [[Jamie Lever]], [[Satish Kaushik]], [[Farhad Samji]], [[Zakir Hussain (actor)|Zakir Hussain]], Nupur Sanon and Tasha Bhambra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Pop Kaun Web Series (2023) {{!}} Release Date, Review, Cast, Trailer, Watch Online at Disney+ Hotstar |url=https://www.gadgets360.com/entertainment/pop-kaun-movie-116291 |website=[[NDTV|Gadgets 360]] |access-date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Pop Kaun release date: When and where to watch Kunal Kemmu's comedy series |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/pop-kaun-release-date-when-and-where-to-watch-kunal-kemmu-saurabh-shukla-johnny-levers-comedy-series-on-ott/2dd6eee45c85 |website=OTTPlay |access-date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Mukherjee |first=Anindita |title=Rocket Boys 2 to Pop Kaun, what to watch on Netflix, Disney+ Hotstar this weekend |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/rocket-boys-2-to-shadow-and-pop-kaun-what-to-watch-on-netflix-disney-hotstar-zee5-this-weekend-2348164-2023-03-17 |access-date=19 March 2023 |work=[[India Today]] |date=Mar 17, 2023 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Plot ==<br /> The series revolves around the life of Sahil, son of Brij Kishore Trivedi, who is in love with a gangster's daughter Pihu. The storyline evolves around their journey on finding the biological father of Sahil.<br /> <br /> == Cast ==<br /> * [[Kunal Khemu]] as Sahil Trivedi / Sadiq Qureshi / Sukhwinder Singh (Sukhi) / Sandy Comsalves / Sahil Chaupala<br /> * [[Saurabh Shukla]] as Karamjeet Biswajeet Chaupala &quot;KBC&quot;, Pihu's adoptive father and Sahil's biological father <br /> * [[Rajpal Yadav]] as Sultan Qureshi / Taufeeq Qureshi (Double role)<br /> * [[Ashwini Kalsekar]] as Satwant Kaur (Satty), Sahil's biological mother<br /> * [[Johnny Lever]] as Brij Kishore Trivedi, Sahil's adoptive father<br /> * [[Chunky Panday]] as Anthony Comsalves, Satwant's lover<br /> * [[Satish Kaushik]] as Dr. Kartar Singh, Satwant's husband<br /> * [[Nupur Sanon]] as Pihu Chaupala, Sahil's love interest <br /> * [[Farhad Samji]] as Balwan Trivedi, Sahil's adoptive brother <br /> * [[Jamie Lever]] as Rani<br /> * [[Zakir Hussain (actor)|Zakir Hussain]] as Mallik, Trivedi's rival<br /> * Tasha Bhambra as Chandu<br /> * [[Tusshar Kapoor]] as Basheer Barbola<br /> * [[Prithvi Zutshi]] as Biswajeet Chaupala, KBC's father, Sahil's biological grandfather and Pihu's adoptive grandfather<br /> <br /> == Release ==<br /> Pop Kaun was released on 17 March 2023 on [[Disney+ Hotstar]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Srivastav |first=Simran |date=15 March 2023 |title=Pop Kaun: Release Date, Plot, Star Cast, All You Need To Know About This New Comedy Series |language=en |work=[[Dainik Jagran|English Jagran]] |url=https://www.thedailyjagran.com/entertainment/pop-kaun-release-date-plot-star-cast-all-you-need-to-know-about-this-new-comedy-series-10069174 |access-date=17 March 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; 8 days after the death of actor [[Satish Kaushik]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Bhaumik |first=Kaushik |title=Death Becomes Her |work=Bollywood and its Other(s) |year=2014 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|doi=10.1057/9781137426505_14 |isbn=9781137426505 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Soundtrack==<br /> {{Infobox album<br /> | name = Pop Kaun?<br /> | type = soundtrack<br /> | artist = [[Farhad Samji]]<br /> | cover =<br /> | alt =<br /> | released = {{Start date|2023|03|17|df=yes}} (Film)<br /> | recorded = 2023<br /> | venue =<br /> | studio =<br /> | genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature Film soundtrack]]<br /> | length = {{Duration|m=00|s=00}}<br /> | language = Hindi<br /> | label = [[T-Series (company)|Sangeet Music]]<br /> | producer = <br /> | prev_title = [[Housefull 4]]<br /> | prev_year = 2019<br /> | next_title = [[Kisi Ka Bhai Kisi Ki Jaan]]<br /> | next_year = 2023<br /> | misc = <br /> }}<br /> {{track listing<br /> | headline = Track-List<br /> | extra_column = Singer(s)<br /> | total_length = 4:09<br /> | all_writing = [[Farhad Samji]]<br /> | title1 = Pop Kaun Song<br /> | extra1 = [[Farhad Samji]], [[Brijesh Shandilya]], Sharvi Yadav<br /> | length1 = 1:00<br /> | title2 = Zindagi Ne Teri Thoki<br /> | extra2 = [[Farhad Samji]]<br /> | length2 = 1:29<br /> | title3 = Pata Bata De<br /> | extra3 = [[Farhad Samji]], Sharvi Yadav<br /> | length3 = 1:40<br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> Vijayalakshmi Narayanan of ''[[The Free Press Journal]]'' wrote &quot;At the hands of a better writer/director, the premise of promoting religious tolerance through a comedy of errors has tremendous potential. But, when you get the most seasoned actors in the business who have spent lifetimes in entertaining us, you owe everyone a collective apology for wasting their time.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Narayanan |first=Vijayalakshmi |title=Pop Kaun? Review: Kunal Kemmu, Saurabh Shukla, Johny Lever, Satish Kaushik have nothing to do in this Farhad Samji Vanity Project |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/movie-review/pop-kaun-review-kunal-kemmu-saurabh-shukla-johny-lever-satish-kaushik-have-nothing-to-do-in-this-farhad-samji-vanity-project |work=[[The Free Press Journal]] |date=March 17, 2023 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Reviewing for ''[[The Indian Express]]'', Sana Farzeen wrote &quot;Not giving any spoilers, but the climax is quite predictable as you figure out where the story is heading. Leave aside a few moments, most of the show is quite forgettable.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Farzeen |first=Sana |title=Pop Kaun first impression: Satish Kaushik's last TV show has its heart in the right place but fumbles in execution |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/pop-kaun-first-impression-satish-kaushik-last-tv-show-predictable-script-old-jokes-kunal-kemmu-8504856/ |access-date=19 March 2023 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=18 March 2023 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Archika Khurana of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the series 2 stars out of 5 and wrote &quot;Kunal Kemmu, who plays the lead, gives an earnest performance but fails to leave an indelible impression. Nupur Sanon (Kriti Sanon's sister) looks promising in her OTT debut, but she is overshadowed by these legendary actors.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Khurana |first1=Archika |title=Pop Kaun Season 1 Review : Kunal Kemmu-Nupur Sanon's comedy of errors is barely funny |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/hindi/pop-kaun/season-1/seasonreview/98612561.cms |access-date=17 March 2023 |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=March 17, 2023}}{{rating|2|5}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Chirag Sehgal of ''[[CNN-News18|News18]]'' wrote &quot;What has worked wonders for the show is its cast. Kunal Kemmu is brilliant at his job. He has done his role with utmost perfection. He looks very natural in whatever he does.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Sehgal |first=Chirag |title=Pop Kaun Review: Kunal Kemmu's Show Takes a Dig On Society, Satish Kaushik Will Leave You Emotional |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/pop-kaun-review-kunal-kemmu-satish-kaushik-nupur-sanon-johny-lever-show-7311763.html |access-date=17 March 2023 |work=[[CNN-News18|News18]] |date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}{{rating|2.5|5}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ''[[Dainik Jagran|English Jagran]]'' wrote &quot;Farhad Samji, along with his long-time collaborators Tasha Bhambra and Sparsh Khetarpal, wrote the show, and it seems that almost every other line in the series is a recycled SMS forward that would have annoyed people back in 2013. It's now 2023, and the humour is outdated.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Saha |first=Sukanya |title=Pop Kaun Review: Satish Kaushik, Johnny Lever Magicless In This Snooze Fest Delivering Laughter In Bits And Pieces |url=https://www.thedailyjagran.com/entertainment/pop-kaun-web-series-review-satish-kaushik-johnny-lever-magicless-in-this-snooze-fest-latest-ott-series-to-watch-disneyplus-hotstar-platform-10069418 |access-date=19 March 2023 |work=[[Dainik Jagran|English Jagran]] |date=17 March 2023 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb title|tt26931120}}<br /> * ''[https://www.hotstar.com/in/shows/baap-kaun/1260154334 Official Website]'' on [[Disney+ Hotstar]]<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Pop Kaun}}<br /> [[Category:Hindi-language Disney+ Hotstar original programming]]<br /> [[Category:2023 Indian television series debuts]]<br /> [[Category:Indian comedy television series]]<br /> [[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]<br /> [[Category:Religious comedy television series]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vinay_Varma&diff=544663 2026-04-04T17:19:15Z

<p>KurtFaucett: made new info</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian actor}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Vinay Varma<br /> | image = VinayVarmaDP.jpg<br /> | imagesize = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_place = [[Hyderabad, India]]<br /> | restingplace = <br /> | restingplacecoordinates = <br /> | othername = <br /> | occupation = Theatre practitioner, actor, scriptwriter, casting director<br /> | yearsactive = <br /> | spouse = <br /> | domesticpartner = <br /> | children = <br /> | parents = <br /> | website = {{URL|www.vinayvarma.in}}<br /> | awards = <br /> | party = <br /> | office = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Vinay Varma''' is an Indian theatre practitioner, actor, scriptwriter, and casting director. Straddling stage and screen, he has acted in and directed over 45 plays, while his film career includes more than 40 titles in Telugu, Hindi, Tamil, and one Hollywood production. His notable films include [[Fighter (2024 film)]] and [[Test (2025 film)]]. His work further extends to the digital and television space, with roles in series such as [[Qubool Hai?]] and [[A Simple Murder]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pM7r0AXlTaA|title=Guftagoo with Vinay Varma|date=21 April 2018|publisher= Rajya Sabha TV}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==From academia to the arts==<br /> <br /> Born in Hyderabad to academic scholar Dr. Anand Raj Varma,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://uniquelytelangana.in/eminent-personalities/anand-raj-varma.html|title= Eminent Personalities}}&lt;/ref&gt; he grew up with the ambition of becoming a physician. When he failed to fulfil this dream, he turned towards the humanities. Over the years, he worked as a lecturer, news reporter, administrator, and translator before resigning from his banking career in the early 2000s to pursue theatre.<br /> <br /> Over the decades, he has directed 45+ plays, acted in more than 50, and performed in 200 productions across India and abroad. Some of his well-known performances include ''Natasamrat'', ''Raktbeej'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/theatre/140716/raktbeej-reality-bites.html|title=Raktbeej Reality Bites|date=14 July 2016 |publisher= Deccan Chronicle}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Main Rahi Masoom'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/theater/2017/apr/28/solemn-soliloquy-vinay-varma-on-playing-rahi-masoom-raza-1126.html |title=Solemn soliloquy: Vinay Varma on playing Rahi Masoom Raza|date=28 April 2017 |publisher= Indulge Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Siyaah Haashiye'', ''Stronger Than Superman'', ''Main Nathuram Godse'', ''Death Watch'', ''Kanjoos Makkhi Choose'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/theatre/sutradhar-kanjoos-makhi-choose-the-miser-and-his-miseries/article17699444.ece|title='Kanjoos Makhi Choose': The miser and his miseries|first=Lakshmi|last=Ramakrishna|website=[[The Hindu]] |date=28 March 2017 |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[David Mamet]]'s ''Oleanna''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/theatre/230318/a-valiant-showcase.html |title= A Valiant Showcase |date= 23 March 2018 |publisher= Deccan Chronicle}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/sutradhars-oleanna-a-reflection-on-academic-power-play/articleshow/63444642.cms|title= Sutradhar's Oleanna — A Reflection On Academic Power Play|newspaper= Times of India|date= 25 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; His play ''Main Rahi Masoom'' is based on the life of writer Dr [[Rahi Masoom Raza]]. Besides [[Hyderabad]], ''Main Rahi Masoom'' has been performed in [[Kala Ghoda Arts Festival]] – [[Mumbai]], ''3rd Minerva National Theatre Festival'' – [[Kolkata]], ''Pratyay Theatre Festival'' – [[Kolhapur]], ''12th Bharath Rang Mahotsav'' – [[New Delhi]], ''22nd National Drama Festival'' – [[Allahabad]], ''8th World'' [[Theatre Olympics]]-[[Chandigarh]], [[Film and Television Institute of India]]-[[Pune]]. It was also performed in [[Chennai]], [[Ahmedabad]], [[Indore]], [[Bengaluru]] etc. Vinay Varma was also invited by the Society of Friends International, London, to stage ''Main Rahi Masoom''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140624/entertainment-tvmusic/article/hyderabads-play-main-rahi-masoom-goes-global|title=Hyderabad's play Main Rahi Masoom goes global|date=25 June 2014|publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 2 March 2018, ''Main Rahi Masoom'' celebrated its 50th show, at [[Ravindra Bharathi, Hyderabad]], India. He directed Sutradhar's debut Marathi play, ''Passwala''. It premiered on World Theatre Day 2024 in Hyderabad. Passwala brings to life ''Jayant Pawar's'' (senior journalist &amp; playwright) dialogue with a ''crematorium keeper'' in Worli, Mumbai.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2024/Mar/21/a-glimpse-of-life-vis-a-vis-death|title= A glimpse of life vis-a-vis death|date= 21 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Varma has been conducting Acting, Voice, Audition, and Body Language Workshops at Sutradhar since 1999 and has identified and trained more than 300 talents. Actors trained by him include [[Vijay Varma]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/2017/dec/19/im-in-safe-hands-monsoon-shootout-actor-vijay-verma-1730850.html|title= I'm in safe hands|date= 19 December 2017|publisher= New Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Sree Vishnu]], Aditi Sharma (Ahana of [[Kasam Tere Pyaar Ki]]), [[Vijay Deverakonda]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.telugu360.com/interview-with-vijay-devarakonda/|title= Interview with Vijay Devarakonda|date= 15 August 2016|publisher= telugu360}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Anand Deverakonda]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Kty6xNyxis | title=Dorasani Actor Vinay Varma About Anand Devarakonda &amp;#124; Vinay Varma Interview &amp;#124; Friday Poster | website=[[YouTube]] | date=14 July 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and Aberaam Varma.<br /> <br /> == Career ==<br /> <br /> {{Empty section|date=November 2025}}<br /> <br /> == Filmography ==<br /> ===Telugu films===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Title<br /> ! Role<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |''Kama and the Digital Sutras'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EkIGHRTLHKo|title=Kama And the Digital Sutras Team Interview}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Suryam<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |''[[Vrusshabha]]''<br /> |Prakash ([[Mohanlal]]'s friend)<br /> |An upcoming Indian period fantasy action drama film.&lt;br&gt;Shot in Telugu and Malayalam, the film will also be dubbed into Hindi, Tamil, English, and Kannada.<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |''[[Artiste (2025 film)|Artiste]]''<br /> |Ravindra, a lecherous debtor (Krisheka Patel's father) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/artiste/ET00433635|title=Artiste}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2024<br /> |''[[Dhoom Dhaam (2024 film)|Dhoom Dhaam]]''<br /> |Maheshwara Bhoopathi, Suhana ([[Hebah Patel]])’s father<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |''[[Waltair Veerayya]]''<br /> |Superintendent of Police<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |[[Meter (film)|''Meter'']]<br /> |DGP Dileep Raavath<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |[[Music School (film)|''Music School'']]<br /> |Govind Rao Bhaskar Rao Kulkarni, the supportive parent <br /> |Also served as the Casting Director<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |''[[Aadikeshava]]''<br /> |Vijay Mohan, Minister for Mines and Geology<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |''[[Zombie Reddy]]''<br /> |Bhooma Reddy, Lahari Shari's father<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |''[[Naandhi]]''<br /> |Nagendra, a corrupt ex-Home Minister<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |''[[Aakashavaani]]''<br /> |Dora, the main villain<br /> |In Telugu, Dora means lord, master, or chief. <br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |''[[Drushyam 2]]''<br /> |CI J. Prathap, member of Goutham's ([[Sampath Raj]]) investigation team<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2020<br /> |''[[V (2020 film)|V]]''<br /> |Sadique Hasan, the benevolent underworld don<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2020<br /> |''[[IIT Krishnamurthy]]''<br /> |ACP Vinay Varma<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |''[[Evaru]]''<br /> |Banerjee, [[Regena Cassandrra]]'s lawyer<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |''[[George Reddy (film)|George Reddy]]''<br /> |Minister Ramayya, the main antagonist who plans [[George Reddy]]'s murder<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |''[[Meeku Maathrame Cheptha]]''<br /> |[[Avantika Mishra]]'s uncle<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |''[[Dorasaani]]''<br /> |Raja Reddy, the Dora, the main antagonist<br /> |In Telugu, Dora means lord, master, or chief.<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |''Boy''<br /> |Mathematics teacher Nagendra<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2018<br /> |''[[Aravinda Sametha Veera Raghava]]''<br /> |Timma Reddy, [[N. T. Rama Rao Jr.]]'s grandfather<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2018<br /> |''[[Idam Jagath]]''<br /> |Police Commissioner Vikram Simha<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2016<br /> |''[[Gentleman (2016 film)|Gentleman]]''<br /> |David, [[Nivetha Thomas]]' uncle<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2016<br /> |''[[Terror (2016 film)|Terror]]''<br /> |DCP Rathod<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2016<br /> |''Zindagi''<br /> |Interrogating Cop<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2014<br /> |''[[Anaamika]]''<br /> |CI Ravi Chandra<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2012<br /> |''[[Nippu]]''<br /> |Police Commissioner of Dubai<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2012<br /> |''[[Ko Antey Koti]]''<br /> |Inspector Ranjit Kumar<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2012<br /> |''[[Dream (2012 film)|Dream]]''<br /> |Doctor, [[Rajendra Prasad (actor)]]'s friend<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2009<br /> |''[[Ninnu Kalisaka]]''<br /> |Heroine's ([[Dipa Shah]]) father<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2006<br /> |''[[Veedhi]]''<br /> |Sivanna, [[Gopika]]'s father, the main antagonist<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2005<br /> |[[Danger (2005 film)|''Danger'']]<br /> |Tantrik<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2004<br /> |[[Tapana (film)|''Tapana'']]<br /> |Siddhu's (hero) father<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2002<br /> |''[[Nee Thodu Kavali]]''<br /> |Manasa's ([[Charmy Kaur]]) father<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2000<br /> |''Love''<br /> |Pakistani terrorist<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Hindi Films===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Title<br /> ! Role<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |[[Jaat (film)|''Jaat'']]<br /> |Superintendent of Police Vivek Kumar<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2024<br /> |[[Fighter (2024 film)|''Fighter'']]<br /> |[[Air Commodore]] Debajyoti &quot;Debu&quot; Biswas, AOC, Air Force Station, Srinagar<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |[[Music School (film)|''Music School'']]<br /> |Govind Rao Bhaskar Rao Kulkarni, the supportive parent<br /> |Also Co-Wrote the dialogues and &lt;br&gt; served as Casting Director<br /> |-<br /> |2022<br /> |''[[Jersey (2022 film)|Jersey]]''<br /> |Major Krishna Rao, [[Mrunal Thakur]]'s father<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2014<br /> |''[[Yeh Hai Bakrapur]]''<br /> |Singhania, the right-wing party leader<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2014<br /> |''[[Bobby Jasoos]]''<br /> |Tasawwur's ([[Ali Fazal]]) father<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2011<br /> |''Virgin Goat'' (Laadli Laila)<br /> |Butcher<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2010<br /> |''[[Knock Out (2010 film)|Knock Out]]''<br /> |Police Commissioner<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2008<br /> |''[[Mukhbiir]]''<br /> |Underworld don Ismail<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2004<br /> |[[Rudraksh (film)|''Rudraksh'']]<br /> |Fake mantrik<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2002<br /> |[[16 December (film)|''16 December'']]<br /> |Home Minister Shiv Charan Shukla<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |1999<br /> |''Tu Hi Meri Ganga''<br /> |Loknath, the fake Godman<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Hollywood films===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Title<br /> ! Role<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes<br /> |-<br /> |2002<br /> |[[Beeper (film)|''Beeper'']]<br /> |Tiger, [[Harvey Keitel]]'s partner in drug peddling<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Tamil films===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Title<br /> ! Role<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes<br /> |-<br /> |2026<br /> |''[[Jailer 2]]''<br /> |Goa SI Devananad<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |[[Test (2025 film)|''Test'']]<br /> |Dharmesh Agarwal, jeweller cum bookie<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2014<br /> |''[[Anaamika]]''<br /> |CI Ravi Chandra<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Web series ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Title<br /> ! Role<br /> ! Platform<br /> ! Language<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{refh}}<br /> |-<br /> |2022<br /> |''[[Qubool Hai?]]''<br /> |Rafique pehelwan<br /> |[[Aha (streaming service)|aha]]<br /> |Hyderabadi &amp; Telugu<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/qubool-hai-web-series-review-authentic-to-its-milieu/article65223825.ece|title='Qubool Hai' web series review: The Telugu-Dakhani series scores on some fronts and engages partially |newspaper=The Hindu |date=14 March 2022 |last1=Dundoo |first1=Sangeetha Devi }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |''Game''<br /> |Rana, the organ racketeer<br /> |[[Hotstar]]<br /> |Telugu<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2020<br /> |''[[A Simple Murder]]''<br /> |Politician Pran Dawas<br /> |[[Sony Liv]]<br /> |Hindi<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.klapboardpost.com/a-simple-murder-review-a-highly-entertaining-comedy-series/|title=A Simple Murder Review – A highly entertaining comedy series &amp;#124; klapboardpost|date=21 November 2020|access-date=12 February 2021|archive-date=27 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127031611/https://www.klapboardpost.com/a-simple-murder-review-a-highly-entertaining-comedy-series/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |''[[Sacred Games (TV series)|Sacred Games]]''<br /> |National Security Advisor<br /> |[[Netflix]]<br /> |Hindi<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Television ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Name<br /> ! Language<br /> ! Role<br /> !scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Bala<br /> | Urdu <br /> | Muazzam, the lecherous son of Aurangazeb<br /> | DD National.<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Daanav Hunters <br /> | Hindi <br /> | Lankeshwar<br /> | Epic Channel<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Dayasagar<br /> | Hindi <br /> | [[Judas Iscariot]]<br /> | DD National<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Dharti Bane Phulwari<br /> | Hindi <br /> | <br /> | DD National<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Ek Kahani (Atmahatya) &lt;br&gt; Ek Kahani (Narsayya ki Baodi)<br /> | Hindi <br /> | Chiranjeevi &amp; bank loan broker respectively<br /> | Two Seasons - 1985 &amp; 1989. On DD National.<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Main Phir Janma Hoon <br /> | Hindi <br /> | Barabbas<br /> | Telefilm. DD National.<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Madhavi<br /> | Telugu <br /> | Jaswant Rao, antagonist<br /> | DD National<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Manushulu – Mamathalu<br /> | Telugu <br /> | Protagonist<br /> | DD National<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Naghme ka Safar <br /> | Hindi <br /> | Doctor<br /> | DD National<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Peter the Second<br /> | Hindi <br /> | Antagonist<br /> | Telefilm. DD National.<br /> |-<br /> <br /> | Shraddha<br /> | Hindi <br /> | Played a writer, husband of [[Rama Vij]]<br /> | DD National. Also wrote dialogues for all the episodes.<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Theatre==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Latest Year of Performance<br /> ! Play<br /> ! Language<br /> ! Actor/Director<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |Passwala &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2024/Mar/21/a-glimpse-of-life-vis-a-vis-death|title= A glimpse of life vis-a-vis death|date= 21 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Representation of ''Jayant Pawar’s'' conversation with &lt;br&gt; a crematorium keeper<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |Maha Periyava<br /> |Telugu<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Hindu Ganesan''. Episodes from the life of ''68th Jagadguru Shankaracharya'' of ''Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham - Sri [[Chandrashekharendra Saraswati VIII]]'', also known as ''Periyava''.<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |Ek Se Badhkar Ek<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Adapted from ''Sankaramanchi Parthasarathy's'' Abbey Em Ledu<br /> |-<br /> |2024<br /> |Ismat - Ek Aurat<br /> |Urdu/Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |A collection of three short stories by [[Ismat Chughtai]]. Staged 15 shows so far.<br /> |-<br /> |2024<br /> |Passwala<br /> |Marathi<br /> |Director<br /> |Representation of ''Jayant Pawar’s'' conversation with &lt;br&gt; a crematorium keeper<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |Dushala &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2023/Nov/07/dushalas-unspoken-truth-2630672.html|title= Dushala's unspoken truth|date= 7 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Pritham K. Chakravarthy''<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |Raktbeej<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer Dr. [[Shanker Shesh]]<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |Jugger'Naatu'kam<br /> |Telugu<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Srikant Sinker''<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |Weekend &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=shttps://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/theatre/sutradhars-adhikar-a-set-of-two-solo-acts-heralds-international-womens-day-in-hyderabad/article66566922.ece|title=Sutradhar's Adhikar, a set of two solo acts heralds International Women's Day in Hyderabad}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer [[Nirmal Verma]]<br /> |-<br /> |2022<br /> |Dhuli Kanya Dushala &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=shttps://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/theatre/sutradhars-adhikar-a-set-of-two-solo-acts-heralds-international-womens-day-in-hyderabad/article66566922.ece|title=Sutradhar's Adhikar, a set of two solo acts heralds International Women's Day in Hyderabad}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Bengali<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Pritham K. Chakravarthy''<br /> |-<br /> |2022<br /> |Main Rahi Masoom <br /> |Hindi/Urdu<br /> |Actor<br /> |Based on the life of Dr. [[Rahi Masoom Raza]]. Staged 65 shows so far.<br /> |-<br /> |2022<br /> |Aadhi Raat Ke Baad &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2022/mar/26/theatre-standstall-thespian-vinay-varma-2434267.html|title=Theatre stands tall: Thespian Vinay Varma|date=25 March 2022 |via=The New Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer Dr. [[Shanker Shesh]]<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |Abbey! Em Ledu &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2021/nov/11/make-way-for-some-slapstick-comedy-2382004.html|title=Make way for some Slapstick comedy|website=www.newindianexpress.com|date=11 November 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Telugu<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Sankaramanchi Parthasarathy''<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |Oleanna<br /> |English<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer [[David Mamet]]<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |Andhere Mein &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/theatre/review-august-2019-sutradhar-and-vinay-varma-andhere-mein-hyderabad/article28833797.ece|title='Andhere Mein' : A dark comedy, quite literally!|first=Krishna|last=Sripada|newspaper=The Hindu |date=6 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |''Partap Sehgal’s'' Indian adaptation of [[Peter Shaffer]]’s “Black Comedy”. Sponsored by the Ministry of Culture, Govt of India.<br /> |-<br /> | 2019<br /> |White Rabbit Red Rabbit<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer [[Nassim Soleimanpour]]<br /> |-<br /> |2017<br /> |Sita Apaharan Case<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer ''Dr. Prem Janmejay''<br /> |-<br /> |2017<br /> |Mah Laqa Bai Chanda<br /> |Urdu/Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Dr. Oudhesh Rani Bawa''<br /> |-<br /> |2017<br /> |Bitter Chocolate <br /> |Hindi/English/Hyderabadi <br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Based on [[Pinki Virani]]'s book 'Bitter Chocolate' <br /> |-<br /> |2017<br /> |Siyaah Haashiye<br /> |Urdu<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Based on a collection of 40 short stories by [[Saadat Hasan Manto]]. Staged 13 shows so far.<br /> |-<br /> |2017<br /> |Kanjoos Makkhi Choose <br /> |Deccani/Hyderabadi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Adaptation of [[Molière]]'s [[The Miser]]<br /> |-<br /> |2017<br /> |Jaal – Dramatised play reading<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer [[Annie Zaidi (writer)]]<br /> |-<br /> |2016<br /> |Maryada (a collection of two short plays: Touch &amp; Sita Shoorpnakha)<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Co-director<br /> |Writer Shivani Tibrewala<br /> |-<br /> |2016<br /> |Kisi Aur ka Sapna<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer [[Nand Kishore Acharya]]<br /> |-<br /> | 2016<br /> |Pushp<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Hindi translation of [[Girish Karnad]]'s play, Flower.<br /> |-<br /> |2015<br /> |Agnes of God<br /> |Hindi/English<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer [[John Pielmeier]]<br /> |-<br /> |2015<br /> |Out at Sea<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer [[Slawomir Mrozek]]<br /> |-<br /> |2014<br /> |Post Mortem<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Milind Tikhe''<br /> |-<br /> |2014<br /> |Aamne - Saamne<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |A collage of two short plays - &quot;The Stronger&quot; by [[August Strindberg]], &lt;br&gt; &quot;Maranoparant&quot; by [[Surendra Verma]]<br /> |-<br /> |2014<br /> |Birjees Qadar ka Kumba<br /> |Hindustani<br /> |Director<br /> |An adaptation of [[Federico Garcia Lorca]]’s [[The House of Bernarda Alba]]. Adapted and translated by Dr [[Raghuvir Sahay]].<br /> |-<br /> | 2014<br /> |Natasamrat<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer [[Kusumagraj]]<br /> |-<br /> | 2012<br /> |Gadha Ya Aadmi<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Voice-over<br /> |Leather puppetry show<br /> |-<br /> | 2012<br /> |Jungle Book<br /> |English<br /> |Actor<br /> |Directed by ''Vaishali Bisht''<br /> |-<br /> |2011<br /> |Godse – An Assassin Speaks<br /> |Hindi/English<br /> |Actor/Co-Director<br /> |[[Nathuram Godse]]’s Monologue<br /> |-<br /> |2011<br /> |Isosceles Triangle<br /> |English<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer ''Dr. C.H. Phansalkar''<br /> |-<br /> |2010<br /> |On Vacation<br /> |English<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer [[Sachin Kundalkar]]<br /> |-<br /> |2010<br /> |Voids, S p a c e s &amp; Borders<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |An ensemble of 3 short performances&lt;br&gt;Dramatic Space Writer: Theo Lesoualch &lt;br&gt;Kisi Seema Ki Ek Mamooli Si Ghatna, Writer Sagar Sarhadi &lt;br&gt; Avoid the Void, Writer Shivani Tibrewala<br /> |-<br /> |2009<br /> |Neem Hakim Khatar e Jaan <br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Adaptation of [[Molière]]’s The Doctor In Spite Of Himself ([[Le Médecin malgré lui]])<br /> |-<br /> |2009<br /> | Four Dimensions<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> | A collage of four short plays:&lt;br&gt; “Gandhaari”, pieces from [[Dharamvir Bharati]]’s “Andha Yug”, &lt;br&gt;[[Benjamin Franklin]]’s “The Trial of Polly Baker”, &lt;br&gt;Syed Junaidullah’s “Death of Poem”, &lt;br&gt; [[Nathuram Godse]]’s Monologue “An Assassin Speaks” <br /> |-<br /> <br /> |2008<br /> |Kashmakash<br /> |A mix of languages: English, Hindi, Hyderabadi<br /> |Director/Actor<br /> |An organic play<br /> |-<br /> |2007<br /> |Uttararddha<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer Vijay Mondkar, translated by ''Anant Kulkarni''<br /> |-<br /> |2007<br /> |Shanivaar ke Do Baje<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer [[Surendra Verma]]<br /> |-<br /> |2006<br /> |Goodbye Swami<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer ''Susheel Kumar Singh''<br /> |-<br /> |2006<br /> |Atmahatya ki Dukaan<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Asha Varma''<br /> |-<br /> |2005<br /> |Kissa Karodimal Ki Laash Ka<br /> |Deccani/Hyderabadi<br /> |Director<br /> |''Diwakar Babu’s'' Telugu play Kundeti Kommu. Adapted and translated by ''Anant Kulkarni''.<br /> |-<br /> |2005<br /> |Andhon ka Haathi<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer [[Sharad Joshi]]<br /> |-<br /> |2005<br /> |Room No 13 Block No 14<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer ''Srikanth Sinkar''<br /> |-<br /> |2004<br /> |Teen Apahij<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Vipin Agarwal''<br /> |-<br /> |2004<br /> |Chakravyuha<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer [[Rajesh Dhabre]]<br /> |-<br /> |2004<br /> |The Phoenix<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer ''Abhijit Sircar''<br /> |-<br /> |2002<br /> |Inspector Matadeen Chand Par<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer [[Harishankar Parsai]]<br /> |-<br /> |2002<br /> |Hay Mera Dil<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer ''Ranbir Singh''<br /> |-<br /> | 2002<br /> |Deathwatch<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2001<br /> |Prastaav<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |[[Anton Chekhov]]’s “The Proposal” adapted in Hindi by ''Anant Kulkarni''<br /> |-<br /> |2001<br /> |Budh Kaam Shudh<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Director<br /> |Writer [[I. S. Johar]]<br /> |-<br /> | 2001<br /> |Aarop<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer ''Suresh Khare'', adapted by ''Anant Kulkarni''<br /> |-<br /> |2000<br /> |Saiyan Bhaye Kotwal<br /> |Hindi <br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Adapted from the popular Marathi play Vichha Majhi Puri Kara by [[Vasant Sabnis]]<br /> |-<br /> |2000<br /> |Kisi ko toh Jaana Hoga<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Based on ''Subhash Parkhi's'' Marathi play Kalpana, translated in Hindi by ''Anant Kulkarni''<br /> |-<br /> | 2000<br /> |Gandhi Ambedkar<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Co-Director<br /> |Writer ''Dr. Premanand Gajvi''<br /> |-<br /> | 1999<br /> |Raja ka Baaja<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> | First workshop production. &lt;br&gt; Writer [[Safdar Hashmi]]. <br /> |-<br /> | 1996<br /> |Kaath ka Ghoda<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer [[Manoranjan Das]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1995<br /> |Ballabhpur ki Roopkatha<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer [[Badal Sarkar]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1993<br /> |Phandi<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor/Director<br /> |Writer Dr. [[Shanker Shesh]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1988<br /> |Langda Ghoda<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer ''Kadir Zaman''<br /> |-<br /> | 1988<br /> |Stronger Than Superman<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Written by [[Roy Kift]], adapted by ''Anant Kulkarni''<br /> |-<br /> | 1987<br /> |Guddi Pappu aur Munna<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Based on [[Volker Ludwig]]’s Max und Milli, adapted by ''Anant Kulkarni''<br /> |-<br /> | 1986<br /> |Aage Daudo Peeche Chhodo<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Based on ''Baban Prabhu’s'' Marathi play, adapted by ''Anant Kulkarni''<br /> |-<br /> | 1985<br /> |Krapp ke Antim Shabd<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Based on [[Samuel Beckett]]’s &quot;Krapp's Last Tapes&quot;, translated by ''Vijay Ahluwalia''<br /> |-<br /> | 1983<br /> |Five<br /> |English<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer [[Shreekumar Varma]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1982<br /> |Tambe ke Keede<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer ''Bhuvaneshwar Prasad''<br /> |-<br /> | 1982<br /> |Aage Aage Premchand, Peeche Peeche Hum<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer ''Venugopal''<br /> |-<br /> | 1981<br /> |Mahatma<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Written and directed by ''Lingam Pandu Pradeep''<br /> |-<br /> | 1981<br /> |Cyclewaala<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer ''Venugopal''<br /> |-<br /> | 1981<br /> |Interview<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Written and directed by ''Dr. D.K. Goel''<br /> |-<br /> | 1980<br /> |Brecht ke Laghu Natak<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Adapted from [[Bertolt Brecht]]'s short plays<br /> |-<br /> |1980<br /> |Coffee House Mein Intezaar<br /> |Hindi<br /> |Actor<br /> |Writer Dr. Laxminarayan Lal. &lt;br&gt; Varma's first play as an actor.<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://vinayvarma.in/ Personal website]<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Varma, Vinay}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors from Hyderabad, India]]<br /> [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Taj_Story&diff=540720 2026-04-03T21:54:12Z

<p>KurtFaucett: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|2025 Indian propaganda film by Tushar Amrish Goel}}<br /> {{pp-extended|small=yes}}<br /> {{AI-generated|date=October 2025}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | image = The Taj Story.jpg<br /> | caption = Theatrical release poster<br /> | director = Tushar Amrish Goel<br /> | writer = Tushar Amrish Goel&lt;br&gt;Saurabh M. Pandey<br /> | producer = {{plainlist|* CA Suresh Jha}}<br /> | starring = {{ubl|[[Paresh Rawal]]|[[Zakir Hussain (actor)|Zakir Hussain]]|[[Amruta Khanvilkar]]|[[Namit Das]]|[[Sneha Wagh]]}}<br /> | cinematography = Satyajit Hajarnis<br /> | editing = Himanshu M Tiwarii<br /> | music = {{ubl|[[Rohit Sharma (composer)|Rohit Sharma]]|Rahul Dev Nath}}<br /> | studio = Swarnim Global Services Pvt. Ltd.<br /> | distributor = <br /> | released = {{Film date|df=y|2025|10|31}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2025-08-15 |title=Paresh Rawal's The Taj Story gets release date |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/hindi/2025/Aug/15/hindinews2025aug14paresh-rawals-the-taj-story-gets-release-date |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | runtime = 165 minutes&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 August 2025 |title=''THE TAJ STORY'' [UA 13+] |url=https://www.cbfcindia.gov.in/cbfcAdmin/search-result.php?recid=Q0EwMTIwMDMyMDI1MDAwNTU= |access-date=29 October 2025 |website=[[Central Board of Film Certification]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Hindi<br /> | budget = <br /> | gross = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''The Taj Story''''' is a 2025 Indian [[Hindi|Hindi-language]] [[propaganda film]] written and directed by Tushar Amrish Goel, and produced by CA Suresh Jha under the banner of Swarnim Global Services Pvt. Ltd.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Taj Story review: When WhatsApp University spills on screen |url=https://www.theweek.in/review/movies/2025/10/31/the-taj-story-review-when-whats-app-university-spills-on-screen.html |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=The Week |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;g651&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Puniyani | first=Prof Ram | title=The Taj Story: Yet Another Attempt to Create Unnecessary Controversy | website=Clarion India | date=2025-10-30 | url=https://clarionindia.net/the-taj-story-yet-another-attempt-to-create-unnecessary-controversy/ | access-date=2025-11-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;w562&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Paresh Rawal's The Taj Story: Propaganda Wrapped in “Historical Facts” | website=The Observer Post | date=2025-10-03 | url=https://theobserverpost.com/paresh-rawals-the-taj-story-propaganda-wrapped-in-historical-facts/ | access-date=2025-11-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wire&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2024-05-29 |title=Paresh Rawal announces new film 'The Taj Story' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/paresh-rawal-announces-new-film-the-taj-story/articleshow/110532125.cms |access-date=2025-09-26 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Taj Story Teaser: Paresh Rawal Looks Angry, Engages In A Courtroom Debate {{!}} Watch |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/bollywood/the-taj-story-teaser-paresh-rawal-looks-angry-engages-in-a-courtroom-debate-watch-ws-l-9505952.html |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=News18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Puniyani |first=Ram |date=2025-10-30 |title=Taj Mahal: From Pride to Propaganda, 'The Taj Story' Defames India |url=https://enewsroom.in/the-taj-mahal-story-propaganda-movie-symbol-of-love-politics-hate/ |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=eNewsroom India |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; It stars an [[ensemble cast]] of [[Paresh Rawal]], [[Zakir Hussain (actor)|Zakir Hussain]], [[Amruta Khanvilkar]], [[Namit Das]], and [[Sneha Wagh]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hungama |first=Bollywood |date=2025-08-14 |title=Paresh Rawal starrer The Taj Story announced, film speaks about 'intellectual terrorism' : Bollywood News - Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/paresh-rawal-starrer-taj-story-announced-film-speaks-intellectual-terrorism/ |access-date=2025-09-26 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; It faced criticism over its [[Hindutva pseudohistory|historical inaccuracies]]. ''The Taj Story'' was theatrically released on 31 October 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Taj Story: 'द ताज स्टोरी' का टीजर रिलीज, कोर्टरूम ड्रामा में नजर आएंगे परेश रावल; जानें फिल्म की रिलीज डेट |url=https://www.amarujala.com/entertainment/bollywood/paresh-rawal-leads-courtroom-drama-the-taj-story-teaser-release-know-when-its-release-2025-08-14 |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt; It received negative reviews.<br /> <br /> == Cast ==<br /> <br /> * [[Paresh Rawal]] as Vishnu Das<br /> * [[Zakir Hussain (actor)|Zakir Hussain]] as Adv. Anwar Rashid<br /> * [[Amruta Khanvilkar]] as Harsha Patel&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Portal |first=Tarun Bharat |date=2025-08-25 |title=Amrita in 'The Taj Story' |url=https://www.tarunbharat.com/amrita-in-the-taj-story/ |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=Tarun Bharat |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Namit Das]] as Avinash Das<br /> * [[Sneha Wagh]] as Sushmita Das&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-10-29 |title=Sneha Wagh To Make Her Bollywood Debut With Paresh Rawal Starrer The Taj Story |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/sneha-wagh-to-make-her-bollywood-debut-with-paresh-rawal-starrer-the-taj-story-article-114741656 |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=Times Now |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Latika Raj as Tarasha<br /> * [[Shishir Sharma]] as Dr. Shrinivas Patel<br /> * [[Akhilendra Mishra]] as Vibhooti<br /> * [[Brijendra Kala]] as Adv. Shashikant<br /> * Anil George as Nawaz Khan<br /> * Shrikant Verma as Vivek Dubey<br /> * [[Sidharth Bhardwaj]] as Manoj Rathi <br /> * Garima Agarwal<br /> * Abhijit Lahiri as Chief Justice Subrato Chatterjee<br /> * Atul Bishnoi as Justice R.K. Kushwaha<br /> * [[Pankaj Berry]] as Rehan Habib<br /> * [[Karmveer Choudhary|Karamveer Choudhary]] <br /> * Flora Jacob as Urmila Bishnoi<br /> * Aashit Chatterjee as Usman Beg<br /> * Binu Jha as Ritu Deewan<br /> * Swarnim Jha as Kittu<br /> * Sarvagaya Jha as Bittu<br /> * Vishwa Bhanu<br /> * Gauri Shankar<br /> * Börje Lundberg<br /> * Prateek Kumar<br /> * Roshni Bhagat<br /> <br /> == Production ==<br /> Filming began on 20 July 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Taj Story: 'द ताज स्टोरी' में अभिनय का जलवा दिखाएंगे परेश रावल, जानें कब से शुरू होगी फिल्म की शूटिंग |url=https://www.amarujala.com/entertainment/bollywood/paresh-rawal-announced-his-upcoming-film-the-taj-story-actor-shared-update-on-social-media-2024-05-29 |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt; Actor [[Paresh Rawal]] confirmed his involvement in the project on 28 May 2024 through a post on his [[Twitter|X]] handle.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-05-29 |title=Paresh Rawal announces new film The Taj Story |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/paresh-rawal-announces-new-film-the-taj-story-9358800/ |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Principal photography]] was carried out over 45 days across multiple locations in [[northern India]].{{citation needed|date=November 2025}} Major portions were shot in [[Dehradun]] and [[Agra]], including sequences at the Taj Mahal, [[Mehtab Bagh]], and surrounding areas. For certain scenes, flowers were desired, but the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] did not allow them to be brought inside the monument.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ताजमहल में गाइड की भूमिका में दिखे Paresh Rawal, इस फिल्म की कर रहे हैं शूटिंग - Paresh Rawal seen in role of guide at Taj Mahal is shooting for the taj story |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/agra-city-paresh-rawal-seen-in-role-of-guide-at-taj-mahal-is-shooting-for-the-taj-story-23819996.html |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt; The shoot was completed in November 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hungama |first=Bollywood |date=2024-10-28 |title=Paresh Rawal completes shooting of director Tushar Amrish's film The Taj Story : Bollywood News - Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/paresh-rawal-completes-shooting-director-tushar-amrishs-film-taj-story/ |access-date=2025-09-26 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Reception==<br /> The Taj Story generally received negative reviews from the critics.<br /> <br /> Lachmi Deb Roy of ''[[Firstpost]]'' gave the film 2 out of 5 stars, calling it an &quot;overstretch&quot;, and writing, &quot;The story had all it needed to make for a good film, but weak script and bad execution massacred it all&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=2024-06-15 |title='The Taj Story' review: Paresh Rawal-starrer film is no doubt convincing, but is an overstretch |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/the-taj-story-movie-review-paresh-rawal-starrer-film-is-no-doubt-convincing-but-is-an-overstretch-13946807.html |access-date=2025-07-03 |website=Firstpost}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ritika Srivastav of ''[[India Today]]'' awarded it 2.5 stars, writing, &quot;The accents are genuinely impressive, and there are flashes of clever use of [[Generative artificial intelligence|AI-generated]] visuals. But none of it compensates for the film’s glaring weaknesses: the lazy writing, the filler female characters, and the total lack of focus&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Srivastav |first=Ritika |date=2025-10-31 |title=The Taj Story review: Paresh Rawal digs deep, but plot collapses halfway through |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/the-taj-story-review-paresh-rawal-digs-deep-but-plot-collapses-halfway-through-2811476-2025-10-31 |access-date=2025-11-01 |website=India Today |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Shubhangi Shah, writing for ''[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]]'' wrote, &quot;The Taj Story falls flat and not just as a propaganda film, because I can dare even the firm rightwing supporters to sit through this three-hour-long film, which can be a test for both your patience as well as intellect&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;l986&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Shah | first=Shubhangi | title=The Taj Story review: When WhatsApp University spills on screen | website=The Week | date=2025-10-31 | url=https://www.theweek.in/review/movies/2025/10/31/the-taj-story-review-when-whats-app-university-spills-on-screen.html | access-date=2025-11-01}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Saibal Chatterjee]], writing for [[NDTV]], rated the movie at 2/5 and concluded, &quot;The Taj Story is a throw of dice that is all over the place. Even Paresh Rawal cannot save it&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;w534&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Chatterjee | first=Saibal | title=''The Taj Story'' Review: Even Paresh Rawal Can't Save This Throw Of Dice That Is All Over The Place | website=NDTV | date=2025-10-31 | url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/the-taj-story-review-even-paresh-rawal-cant-save-this-throw-of-dice-that-is-all-over-the-place-2-stars-9551619 | access-date=2025-11-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Alaka Sahani of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' rated it 1.5/5 stars and said that &quot;At 165 minutes, The Taj Story trudges on without offering any real answers to the questions it raises. Instead, it merely stirs the pot, blending fact and fiction to serve an agenda far removed from historical inquiry&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Alaka|last=Sahani|title=The Taj Story review: This Paresh Rawal-led courtroom drama argues loudly but proves little|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/the-taj-story-movie-review-this-paresh-rawal-led-courtroom-drama-argues-loudly-but-proves-little-10338413/|website=The Indian Express|date=31 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Devesh Sharma of ''[[Filmfare]]'' gave 2 stars out of 5 and said that &quot;The Taj Story endorses the belief that the Taj Mahal is a Hindu structure. The film pretends neutrality while continuously feeding an ideological hunger&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Devesh|last=Sharma|title=The Taj Story Review: Paresh Rawal Brings His A Game to The Film|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/the-taj-story-movie-review-this-paresh-rawal-led-courtroom-drama-argues-loudly-but-proves-little-10338413/|website=Filmfare|date=31 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Shilajit Mitra of ''[[The Hollywood Reporter India]]'' stated that it is &quot;A bird-brained film that treats history like claydough&quot;, adding &quot;And yet [...] The Taj Story lacks the courage of its convictions. The film can't decide for certain if the Taj Mahal was indeed a palace or a temple, and thus keeps both possibilities open. An unusually long disclaimer urges audiences to &quot;verify facts independently&quot;, before the film hammers them over the head with its singular version of the 'truth'. One moment Das is quoting from the Badshah Nama, the official history of Shah Jahan's reign, and in the next moment, decrying all official accounts since c.1400 as fabricated 'propaganda'. The film's clinching argument rests on a Carbon-14 dating test of a piece of wood purportedly done by an American archaeologist in the late 1950s, yet it furnishes an entirely made-up name (Peter Williams) and no citations for said archaeologist&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Shilajit|last=Mitra|title='The Taj Story' Movie Review: Paresh Rawal Plays The Ultimate WhatsApp Uncle|url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/reviews/theatrical/the-taj-story-movie-review-paresh-rawal-plays-the-ultimate-whatsapp-uncle|website=The Hollywood Reporter India|date=31 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Shreyanka Mazumdar of ''[[News 18]]'' rated it 2/5 stars and said that &quot;The Taj Story is certainly designed to spark curiosity — and perhaps even challenge long-held beliefs. But the line between raising questions and pushing an agenda becomes blurry&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Shreyanka|last=Mazumdar|title='The Taj Story Review: Paresh Rawal's Courtroom Drama Raises Big Questions But Struggles With Its Case|url=https://www.news18.com/movies/bollywood/the-taj-story-review-paresh-rawals-courtroom-drama-raises-big-questions-but-struggles-with-its-case-ws-l-9671670.html|website=News 18|date=31 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Response and controversy ==<br /> === Historical accuracy debate ===<br /> Following its announcement, ''The Taj Story'' attracted widespread criticism and trolling on social media, with many accusing the filmmakers and trade analyst [[Komal Nahta]] of promoting a contentious and divisive subject.&lt;ref name=&quot;TOI&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title='The Taj Story': Paresh Rawal breaks silence amid poster controversy, says 'The movie does not deal with any religious matters' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/the-taj-story-paresh-rawal-breaks-silence-amid-poster-controversy-says-the-movie-does-not-deal-with-any-religious-matters/articleshow/124237345.cms |access-date=2025-10-17 |work=The Times of India |date=2025-09-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film's narrative, which appears to draw inspiration from claims popularized by writer [[P. N. Oak]], asserts that the [[Taj Mahal]] was originally a Hindu temple named ''Tejo Mahalaya''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-05-15 |title=Explained: The persistent theory that Taj Mahal was a Hindu temple called 'Tejo Mahalaya' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/taj-mahal-controversy-hindu-temple-tejo-mahalaya-7916684/ |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; These claims have been widely debunked by mainstream historians and archaeologists as [[Hindutva pseudohistory|pseudo-history]] lacking credible evidence.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title=Taj Mahal is a tomb and not a temple, ASI tells court |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/taj-mahal-is-a-tomb-and-not-a-temple-asi-tells-court/story-TaVPTc0ppaTzgbzpyrihsM.html |access-date=2025-09-30 |work=Hindustan Times |date=2017-05-15}}&lt;/ref&gt; India's [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] dismissed Oak's petition to declare the Taj Mahal a Hindu temple, describing his views as a “bee in his bonnet”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Taj Mahal is Muslim tomb, not Hindu temple, Indian court told |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/30/taj-mahal-muslim-tomb-not-hindu-temple-indian-court-told |access-date=2025-09-30 |work=The Guardian |date=2017-08-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Shanzila Fatymah, writing for Suno News, added &quot;the Taj Mahal controversy reflects a broader shift in India’s cultural politics. Recasting Islamic architecture as “foreign” and Hindu symbols as “authentically Indian” creates a simplified narrative of native versus invader. This framing marginalises India's 200 million Muslims, depicting them as outsiders in a country they have helped shape for centuries&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=The Taj Story , a propaganda to shared history | website=Suno News: The Most Popular News Channel in Pakistan | date=1 November 2025 | url=https://english.sunonews.tv/world/world/the-taj-story-a-propaganda-to-shared-history/1761974697-10100 | access-date=3 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Propaganda allegations ===<br /> The film has been widely labeled as a [[propaganda]] piece promoting [[Hindutva]] narratives, with critics arguing it fuels communal tensions by challenging the established history of the Taj Mahal as a Mughal-era mausoleum built by [[Shah Jahan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;livemint&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-10-17 |title=The Taj Story trailer review: Paresh Rawal's controversial movie shakes the internet with 'aunty-national' placard |url=https://www.livemint.com/entertainment/the-taj-story-trailer-review-paresh-rawals-controversial-movie-shakes-the-internet-with-aunty-national-placard-11760679147025.html |access-date=2025-10-17 |website=LiveMint}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=After Paresh Rawal's Taj Story poster controversy, makers issue clarification |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/after-paresh-rawals-taj-story-poster-controversy-makers-issue-clarification |access-date=2025-10-17 |website=Outlook India}}&lt;/ref&gt; Critics, including those on platforms like Twitter, compared the film to other controversial titles like ''[[The Kashmir Files]]'', accusing it of pushing a historically revisionist agenda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-11-11 |title='द कश्मीर फाइल्स' पर हुए मतभेद, तो ले आए 'द ताज स्टोरी', पोस्टर देख भड़के लोग- 'शिव जी का अपमान है...' |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/entertainment/bollywood-the-taj-story-movie-poster-angered-netizens-considering-upcoming-film-propaganda-like-the-kashmir-files-says-shiv-ji-ka-apmaan-hai-7822573.html |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=News18 हिंदी |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wire&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-05-31 |title=Hindutva Fantasies About the Taj Mahal |url=https://m.thewire.in/article/history/hindutva-fantasies-about-the-taj-mahal |access-date=2025-10-17 |website=The Wire}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Poster backlash and disclaimers ===<br /> The controversy escalated in September 2025 when Paresh Rawal shared a motion poster depicting a Shiva idol emerging from the Taj Mahal's dome, prompting accusations of promoting conspiracy theories and religious division.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-09-30 |title=After Paresh Rawal's Taj Story poster sparks controversy, makers say film doesn't claim a Shiv temple exists within Taj Mahal |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/after-paresh-rawals-taj-story-poster-sparks-controversy-makers-say-film-doesnt-claim-a-shiv-temple-exists-within-taj-mahal-9369947 |access-date=2025-09-30 |work=NDTV}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-09-29 |title=Paresh Rawal's The Taj Story poster sparks controversy; makers issue clarification |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/paresh-rawals-the-taj-story-poster-sparks-controversy-makers-issue-clarification-3748079 |access-date=2025-09-30 |work=Deccan Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt; Following significant backlash, Rawal deleted the post and shared a disclaimer from Swarnim Global Services Pvt. Ltd., stating: &quot;The movie does not deal with any religious matters, nor does it claim that a Shiv temple resides within the Taj Mahal. It focuses solely on historical facts&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot; /&gt; However, historians have argued that the film's narrative aligns with [[Hindutva pseudohistory|Hindutva-driven myths]], citing historical petitions like one filed in 2022 in Agra to investigate alleged Hindu temple remnants within the Taj Mahal.&lt;ref name=&quot;wire&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> === CBFC scrutiny ===<br /> Due to its sensitive subject matter, the film faced rigorous review by the [[Central Board of Film Certification]] (CBFC).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-09-02 |title=The Taj Story: Makers submit proof to support historical claims as Paresh Rawal starrer faces scrutiny |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/paresh-rawal-the-taj-story-facing-major-scrunity-from-cbfc-23592299 |access-date=2025-09-26 |work=Mid-day}}&lt;/ref&gt; The clearance process spanned several months, with the CBFC requiring director Tushar Amrish Goel and producer CA Suresh Jha to submit detailed historical documents to substantiate the film's claims about the Taj Mahal's origins.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Hungama |first=Bollywood |date=2025-09-01 |title=EXCLUSIVE: Makers of Paresh Rawal's The Taj Story submit documents to validate the film's claims before getting clearance from the CBFC |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/exclusive-makers-paresh-rawals-taj-story-submit-documents-validate-films-claims-getting-clearance-cbfc/ |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Paresh Rawal's The Taj Story Under CBFC Scrutiny, Makers Submit Historical Documents |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/bollywood/paresh-rawals-the-taj-story-under-cbfc-scrutiny-makers-submit-historical-documents-ws-l-9544073.html |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=News18}}&lt;/ref&gt; This level of scrutiny was noted as unusual, reflecting concerns about potential communal sensitivities.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Paresh Rawal's The Taj Story faces major scrutiny from CBFC |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/paresh-rawal-the-taj-story-facing-major-scrunity-from-cbfc-23592144 |access-date=2025-09-30 |work=Mid-day}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Institutional and legal pushback ===<br /> The controversy surrounding ''The Taj Story'' mirrors broader debates in India about historical revisionism and communal narratives. Petitions, such as one filed in Agra in 2022, have sought to open locked rooms in the Taj Mahal to search for alleged Hindu idols or temple remnants, claims consistently refuted by the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] (ASI), which maintains the Taj Mahal is a Mughal-era mausoleum.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Tejo Mahalaya vs Taj Mahal: What's feeding a conspiracy theory |url=https://thefederal.com/explainers-2/tejo-mahalaya-vs-taj-mahal-whats-feeding-a-conspiracy-theory/ |access-date=2025-09-30 |work=The Federal |date=2022-05-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt; The ASI has also highlighted that Mughal emperor Shah Jahan paid Raja Jai Singh, not a Hindu Maharaja, for the land, debunking claims of temple appropriation.&lt;ref name=&quot;wire&quot; /&gt;{{fv|reason=nothing in ref given about ASI highlighting this|date=December 2025}}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * {{IMDb title|tt32495339}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Taj Story, The}}<br /> [[Category:2025 Hindi-language films]]<br /> [[Category:2025 Indian films]]<br /> [[Category:2025 films]]<br /> [[Category:2025 drama films]]<br /> [[Category:Indian drama films]]<br /> [[Category:Hindi-language drama films]]<br /> [[Category:Indian propaganda films]]<br /> [[Category:Conspiracist films]]<br /> [[Category:Courtroom films]]<br /> [[Category:Indian courtroom films]]<br /> [[Category:Religious controversies in India]]<br /> [[Category:Religious controversies in film]]<br /> [[Category:Films shot in Agra]]<br /> [[Category:Films shot in Dehradun]]<br /> [[Category:Films shot in Uttarakhand]]<br /> [[Category:Films set in Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Censored films]]<br /> [[Category:Film censorship in India]]<br /> [[Category:Films subject to a lawsuit]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madhav_Vaze&diff=514369 2026-04-03T14:33:41Z

<p>KurtFaucett: new...</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian actor (1939–2025)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}<br /> {{infobox person<br /> | name = Madhav Vaze<br /> | image = Photo of reknowed actor Madhav Vaze- 2014-05-08 11-51.jpg<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date|1939|10|21|df=yes}}<br /> | birth_place = India<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|2025|05|07|1939|10|21|df=yes}}<br /> | death_place = [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]], India<br /> | known_for = Shyam in [[Shyamchi Aai]] and Joy Lobo's Father in [[3 Idiots]]<br /> | yearsactive = 1953–2025<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Madhav Vaze''' (21 October 1939 – 7 May 2025) was an Indian actor. He acted and directed mainly in theatre and had a few stints in films.<br /> <br /> ==Early life==<br /> Vaze was born on 21 October 1939. He lived in Pune in his formative years.<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> Vaze started out his career as a child artist in the critically acclaimed film ''[[Shyamchi Aai (film)|Shyamchi Aai]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Gayatri Deshmukh |title=Veteran actor Madhav Vaze heaps praises on Chinmay |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/movies/news/Veteran-actor-Madhav-Vaze-heaps-praises-on-Chinmay/articleshow/17677282.cms |work=Times of India |agency=TNN |date=19 December 2012 |access-date=2015-03-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2009, Vaze made a guest appearance in the [[Bollywood]] film ''[[3 Idiots]]''. Director [[Aamir Khan]] expressed that he would like to work with Vaze in the theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Camil Parkhe |title=From Shyamchi Aai to 3 Idiots, Vaze Comes a Long Way |url=http://www.sakaaltimes.com/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsId=4982714149959591039&amp;SectionId=4724885822106096577&amp;SectionName=Bollywood&amp;NewsDate=20100107&amp;NewsTitle=FROM%20SHYAMCHI%20AAI%20TO%203%20IDIOTS,%20VAZE%20COMES%20A%20LONG%20WAY |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508113711/http://www.sakaaltimes.com/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsId=4982714149959591039&amp;SectionId=4724885822106096577&amp;SectionName=Bollywood&amp;NewsDate=20100107&amp;NewsTitle=FROM%20SHYAMCHI%20AAI%20TO%203%20IDIOTS,%20VAZE%20COMES%20A%20LONG%20WAY |url-status=usurped |archive-date=8 May 2014 |work=Saakal Times |date=7 January 2010 |access-date=2015-03-05 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2013, Vaze directed a production of ''[[Hamlet]]'' in Marathi, translated by Parshuram Deshpande and featuring Kanak Datye and [[Neha Mahajan]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Akshata Shetty |title=Theatre director Madhav Vaze directs Shakespeare's Hamlet in Marathi |url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/ml.asp?Ref=VE9JUFUvMjAxMy8wMi8yOCNBcjAyNzAy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402134246/http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/ml.asp?Ref=VE9JUFUvMjAxMy8wMi8yOCNBcjAyNzAy |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 April 2015 |work=Times of India |date=28 February 2013 |access-date=2015-03-05 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He was also an English lecturer at the Nowrosjee Wadia College in [[Pune]].{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}<br /> <br /> In March 2015, he appeared in the Vodafone m-Pesa advertisement as Babuji.<br /> <br /> ==Death==<br /> Vaze died in [[Pune]] on 7 May 2025, at the age of 85.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | author=Bhagyashree Rasal | title=Actor Madhav Vaze passes away | url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/shyamchi-aai-3-idiots-fame-veteran-actor-madhav-vaze-passes-away-at-86/articleshow/120952879.cms|work = Maharashtra Times | date=7 May 2025 | access-date=7 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Filmography==<br /> *''[[Shyamchi Aai (film)|Shyamchi Aai]]'' (1953)<br /> *’’[[Vahininchya Bangadya]]’’ (1953)<br /> *''[[3 Idiots]]'' (2009)<br /> *''[[Dear Zindagi]]'' (2016)<br /> *''[[Baapjanma]]'' (2017) <br /> *''[[Chappad Phaad Ke]]'' (2019) as Atmaram Gupchup<br /> <br /> ==Awards==<br /> His debut film ''[[Shyamchi Aai (film)|Shyamchi Aai]]'' won the President's award and was one of the first films ever in India.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb name|5523580}}<br /> * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktgDPTlFxsU Vaze's &quot;Babuji&quot; advertisement]<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Vaze, Madhav}}<br /> [[Category:1939 births]]<br /> [[Category:2025 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]<br /> [[Category:Indian theatre directors]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]<br /> [[Category:Indian male film actors]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors in Hindi cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Indian male child actors]]<br /> [[Category:Place of birth missing]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aga_Syed_Muntazir_Mehdi&diff=484784 2026-04-02T03:51:30Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Made new article</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian politician and cleric from Jammu and Kashmir}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2025}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox officeholder<br /> | name = Aga Syed Muntazir Mehdi<br /> | image = Aga Muntazir Mehdi.jpg<br /> | office = Member of the [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]<br /> | constituency = [[Budgam Assembly constituency|Budgam]]<br /> | term_start = 14 November 2025<br /> | predecessor = [[Omar Abdullah]]<br /> | party = [[Jammu &amp; Kashmir People's Democratic Party]] (PDP)<br /> | occupation = Politician, Advocate<br /> | education = [[Bachelor of Law]] [[Constitutional Law]]<br /> | birth_date = 1993<br /> }}<br /> '''Aga Syed Muntazir Mehdi (آغا سید منتظر مہدی)''' is an Indian politician of [[Jammu &amp; Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party]] and a and member of the [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) from [[Budgam Assembly constituency]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Network |first=KL News |date=2025-11-21 |title=PDP's Aga Syed Muntazir Mehdi Sworn in as Budgam MLA |url=https://kashmirlife.net/pdps-aga-syed-muntazir-mehdi-sworn-in-as-budgam-mla-414080/ |access-date=2025-11-22 |website=Kashmir Life |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Press Trust Of India |url=https://www.ptinews.com/story/national/j-k-assembly-speaker-administers-oath-to-newly-elected-mlas/3120074 |access-date=2025-11-22 |website=www.ptinews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is part of the well-known Aga family of Budgam, a Kashmiri [[Shia]] religious and political family with major influence in central Kashmir.<br /> <br /> == Early life and Family ==<br /> Muntazir Mehdi belongs to the Aga family of Budgam, one of the well-known Shia clerical families in central Kashmir.&lt;ref name=&quot;IE&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Aga Syed Muntazir Mehdi belongs to one of the three prominent Shia clergy families in the Valley |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/aga-syed-muntazir-mehdi-belongs-to-one-of-the-three-prominent-shia-clergy-families-in-the-valley-fielded-by-pdp-after-cousin-becomes-nc-mp-9542344/ |access-date=14 November 2025 |work=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; His father, Aga Syed Hasan, is a senior Shia cleric and political figure in the region.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=PDP welcomes Aga Muntazir into party |url=https://risingkashmir.com/mufti-welcomes-aga-muntazir-into-pdp/ |work=Rising Kashmir |access-date=14 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He is professionally a lawyer and has been described as a [[Think tank|policy researcher]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Aga Syed Muntazir Mehdi – Profile |url=https://www.oneindia.com/politicians/aga-syed-muntazir-mehdi-76964.html |website=OneIndia |access-date=14 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Political career ==<br /> Muntazir Mehdi formally joined the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) in August 2024 in the presence of senior party leadership.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Mufti welcomes Aga Muntazir into PDP |url=https://risingkashmir.com/mufti-welcomes-aga-muntazir-into-pdp/ |work=Rising Kashmir |access-date=14 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> During his induction, he stated that his aim was to raise the voices of youth and marginalized communities rather than pursue political power.&lt;ref name=&quot;IE&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> He contested the Budgam Assembly seat in the 2024 Jammu &amp; Kashmir elections as the PDP candidate.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Budgam Election Result 2024: Aga Syed Muntazir Mehdi loses |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/budgam-election-result-2024-aga-syed-muntazir-mehdi-loses-omar-abdullah-wins-jammu-kashmir-election-result-2024-1722727 |work=ABP News |access-date=14 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> During the 2025 Budgam by-election campaign, he demanded fair enforcement of the [[Model Code of Conduct]] (MCC), alleging selective restrictions.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Aga Muntazir calls for fair enforcement of MCC |url=https://kashmirlife.net/aga-muntazir-mehdi-calls-for-fair-enforcement-of-model-code-of-conduct-412052/ |work=Kashmir Life |access-date=14 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The district administration issued a show-cause notice to him for alleged MCC violations related to late-night campaigning.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Show-cause notice issued to PDP candidate for MCC violation |url=https://asianmail.in/2025/11/04/show-cause-notice-issued-to-jkpdp-candidate-for-model-code-violation-in-budgam/ |work=The Asian Mail |access-date=14 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He has also supported legislative issues, including praising a resolution about the restoration of [[Article 370 of the Constitution of India|Article 370]] in the Jammu &amp; Kashmir Assembly.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Aga Syed Muntazir Mehdi commends Waheed Para |url=https://www.knskashmir.com/aga-syed-muntazir-mehdi-commends-waheed-para-190236 |work=KNS Kashmir |access-date=14 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He successfully won from Budgam in the bypoll.<br /> <br /> == Public image ==<br /> Muntazir Mehdi is seen as a socio-religious figure in central Kashmir due to his family background and his engagement with political and community issues.&lt;ref name=&quot;IE&quot; /&gt; His joining of PDP was reported as a boost for the party's influence in Budgam.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Former Hurriyat leader's son Aga Syed Muntazir joins PDP |url=https://asianmail.in/2024/08/27/former-hurriyat-leaders-son-aga-syed-muntazir-joins-pdp-boosting-party-in-budgam/ |work=The Asian Mail |access-date=14 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Electoral record ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> ! Year !! Election !! Constituency !! Party !! Result<br /> |-<br /> | 2024 || Jammu &amp; Kashmir Legislative Assembly || Budgam || PDP || Lost&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2025 || Budgam By-election || Budgam || PDP || Won&lt;ref name=&quot;2024 Budgam Assembly constituency by Poll Result&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=14 November 2025 |title=2024 Budgam Assembly constituency by Poll Result |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultByeNov2025/candidateswise-U0827.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251115043730/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultByeNov2025/candidateswise-U0827.htm |archivedate=15 November 2025 |accessdate=15 November 2025 |work= |publisher=Election Commission of India |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Jammu and Kashmir MLAs 2024–2029]]<br /> [[Category:Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party politicians]]<br /> [[Category:1993 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halli_Krishna_Delhi_Radha&diff=501905 2026-03-31T23:28:38Z

<p>KurtFaucett: created new post</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian Kannada-language romance film}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=March 2026}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Halli Krishna Delhi Radha <br /> | image = <br /> | caption = <br /> | writer = [[Fazil (director)|Fazil]] ({{small| Remake of ''[[Ennennum Kannettante]]'' (1986)}})<br /> | producer = A Narasimha Reddy &lt;br&gt; M Mahendra Reddy<br /> | director = P. V. Raju<br /> | starring = [[Malashri]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Sunil (Kannada actor)|Sunil]]<br /> | music = [[Rajan-Nagendra]] <br /> | cinematography = Babji<br /> | editing = Thiruvavukkarasu<br /> | studio = Sri Venkatalakshmi Productions&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sunnxt.com/kannada-movie-halli-krishna-delhi-radha-1992/detail/12832 |title=Watch Halli Krishna Delhi Radha (Kannada) Full Movie Online|work=SunNxt.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | distributor = <br /> | released = {{Film date|df=y|1992|8|10}}<br /> | runtime = 148 mins<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Kannada<br /> | budget =<br /> | gross = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Halli Krishna Delhi Radha''''' is a 1992 [[Kannada language|Kannada]]-language, [[romance film]] directed by P. V. Raju.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://chiloka.com/movie/halli-krishna-delhi-radha-1992 |title=Halli Krishna Delhi Radha (1992) Kannada movie|work=Chiloka}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film is a remake of [[Fazil (director)|Fazil]]'s Tamil film ''[[Varusham 16]]'' (1989), which itself was based on his [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]] film ''[[Ennennum Kannettante]]'' (1986).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://kannadafilmlyrics.com/kmdb/Halli--Krishna--Delhi--Radha/1992|title=Halli Krishna Delhi Radha-1992|work=Kannada Film Lyrics}}&lt;/ref&gt; It stars [[Sunil (Kannada actor)|Sunil]] and [[Malashri]] in lead roles along with [[K. S. Ashwath]], [[Vajramuni]] and [[Mysore Lokesh]] in supporting roles. The music is composed by [[Rajan-Nagendra]]. This was actor [[P. Ravi Shankar]]'s debut movie in Kannada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/Ravishankar-scores-50/articleshow/52841476.cms |title=Ravishankar scores 50 - Bangalore Mirror |website=bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225214111/http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/Ravishankar-scores-50/articleshow/52841476.cms |archive-date=2016-12-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Plot==<br /> Krishna comes to his ancestral house with his mother to spend vacation and to attend the festival in their family temple. There are his relatives, like grandfather, grandmother, head of the family and his aunt and her children. Everybody likes Krishna very much, and he has a good time along with his friend Gopi.<br /> <br /> But with the arrival of his uncle's daughter Radha from Delhi after a gap of nine years to perform her dance debut (Arangetram) in the temple, everyone's attention turns to her. Krishna initially felt sad and angry but, once he sees Radha, immediately falls in love with her. Krishna and Rada were childhood friends and both have memories of their childhood. Radha also likes Krishna, but was afraid to reveal it to Kannan. To know whether Radha loves him, Kannan plans to ask her secretly and hides himself in the bathroom. Radha sees him and cries aloud. The whole family learns of the incident, and Krishna was blamed by all, including his mother. She send a message to Krishna's father to take him back to village for his exams. Meanwhile, Radha reveal to Kannan that she loves him as much as he loves her. Soon, Krishna's father take him back to the city.<br /> <br /> After finishing the exams, Krishna rushed back to the village to meet Radha, but she had already gone to the railway station to return to Delhi and then to the United States with her parents. Krishna rushed to the station. As he reached there, the train had already left and he couldn't meet Radha one last time, even though he chased her train. Radha had left a souvenir for him on the platform, but the heartbroken Krishna didn't see it.<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> {{colbegin}}<br /> *[[Sunil (Kannada actor)|Sunil]] as Krishna<br /> *[[Malashri]] as Radha<br /> *[[K. S. Ashwath]] as Moorthy<br /> *[[Vajramuni]]<br /> *[[Mysore Lokesh]]<br /> * B. K. Shankar<br /> *[[Honnavalli Krishna]] <br /> *[[P. Ravishankar|Ravishankar]] <br /> *[[Bank Janardhan]] <br /> *[[Hema Chaudhary]]<br /> *[[Annapurna (actress)|Annapurna]] <br /> *Ashalatha<br /> *Chethan Ramarao<br /> *Adugodi Srinivas<br /> *[[Master Anand]]<br /> *Master Dayanand<br /> *Nandakumar<br /> *Madhusudhan <br /> *Baby Divya<br /> {{colend}}<br /> <br /> == Production ==<br /> This film marked the Kannada debut of [[P. Ravishankar|Ravishankar]] and his first scene was with [[Vajramuni]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/ravishankar-scores-50/articleshow/52841476.cms|title=Ravishankar scores 50|first=Nischith|last=N|work=[[Bangalore Mirror]]|date=21 July 2016|access-date=1 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=George |first1=Nina C |title=Ravi Shankar: Dad was straightforward, mom encouraged creativity |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/ravi-shankar-dad-was-straightforward-mom-encouraged-creativity-848886.html |access-date=3 April 2024 |work=[[Deccan Herald]]|date=17 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Soundtrack==<br /> {{Infobox album<br /> | name = Halli Krishna Delhi Radha<br /> | type = film<br /> | artist = [[Rajan-Nagendra]]<br /> | cover =<br /> | alt =<br /> | released = 1992<br /> | recorded =<br /> | venue =<br /> | studio =<br /> | genre = Soundtrack<br /> | length = 20:46<br /> | label =<br /> | producer = [[Rajan-Nagendra]]<br /> | prev_title = <br /> | prev_year = <br /> | next_title = <br /> | next_year = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> Music composed by [[Rajan-Nagendra]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://kannadamaza.com/album/366/halli-krishna-delhi-radha/1.html|title=Halli Krishna Delhi Radha Kannada Mp3 Songs|work=Kannada maza.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> !S. No.!!Song title !!Lyrics !!Singers !!length<br /> |-<br /> |1<br /> |&quot;Beke Idu Beke&quot;<br /> |[[Chi. Udayashankar]]<br /> |[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]<br /> |4:54<br /> |-<br /> |2<br /> |&quot;Mutthinda Mattheritu&quot;<br /> |Chi. Udayashankar<br /> |[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]<br /> |4:44<br /> |-<br /> |3<br /> |&quot;Ayyo Ayyo Krishna&quot;<br /> |Chi. Udayashankar<br /> |[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]<br /> |3:34<br /> |-<br /> |4<br /> |&quot;Preethiyinda Nodu&quot;<br /> |Chi. Udayashankar<br /> |[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]<br /> |3:55<br /> |-<br /> |5<br /> |&quot;Aadidano Ranga&quot;<br /> |Chi. Udayashankar<br /> |[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]<br /> |4.05<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb title}}<br /> *{{Rotten Tomatoes|halli_krishna_delhi_radha}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1992 Indian films]]<br /> [[Category:Indian romance films]]<br /> [[Category:Films scored by Rajan–Nagendra]]<br /> [[Category:Kannada remakes of Malayalam films]]<br /> [[Category:1992 Kannada-language films]]<br /> [[Category:1990s coming-of-age films]]<br /> [[Category:1990s teen romance films]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Economist&diff=465326 2026-03-28T16:20:03Z

<p>KurtFaucett: updated details</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|British news and current affairs journal}}<br /> {{for-multi|the profession|Economist|other uses|The Economist (disambiguation)}}<br /> {{Cite check|date=June 2025|reason=}}<br /> {{use British English|date=April 2019}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox newspaper<br /> | name = The Economist<br /> | logo = The Economist Logo.svg<br /> | image = The Economist Cover (Aug 1, 2020).jpg<br /> | caption = Cover of the 1 August 2020 issue<br /> | founded = {{start date and age|df=y|1843|09}}<br /> | founder = [[James Wilson (businessman)|James Wilson]]<br /> | owners = [[The Economist Group]]<br /> | ISSN = 0013-0613<br /> | political_position = &lt;!--This is not an indiscriminate list, only the big, umbrella political camps The Economist belongs to.--&gt;<br /> [[Radical centrism]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date = 2 September 2013 |title=Is The Economist left- or right-wing? |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2013/09/economist-explains-itself-0 |url-status=live |access-date=24 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803173727/https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2013/09/economist-explains-itself-0 |archive-date=3 August 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=13 October 2012 |title=True Progressivism |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2012/10/13/true-progressivism |url-status=live |access-date=16 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015063202/http://www.economist.com/node/21564556 |archive-date=15 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Economic liberalism]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Zevin-2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Zevin |first=Alexander |date=20 December 2019 |title=Liberalism at Large — how The Economist gets it right and spectacularly wrong |url=https://www.ft.com/content/eb87e2f4-ffc9-11e9-a530-16c6c29e70ca |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/eb87e2f4-ffc9-11e9-a530-16c6c29e70ca |archive-date=10 December 2022 |access-date=11 March 2020 |website=[[Financial Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mishra-2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mishra |first=Pankaj |title=Liberalism According to The Economist |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/11/11/liberalism-according-to-the-economist |url-status=live |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717193119/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/11/11/liberalism-according-to-the-economist |archive-date=17 July 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Social liberalism]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Zevin-2019&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mishra-2019&quot; /&gt;<br /> | headquarters = [[Adelphi, London|The Adelphi]],&lt;br&gt; 1–11 John Adam St,&lt;br&gt; [[City of Westminster|Westminster]],&lt;br&gt;[[London]] WC2N 6HT,&lt;br&gt;United Kingdom<br /> | editor = [[Zanny Minton Beddoes]]<br /> | oclc = 1081684<br /> | website = {{Official URL}}<br /> | circulation = 1.225 million<br /> | circulation_date = September 2025<br /> | circulation_ref = &lt;ref name=teg&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 September 2025 |title=The Economist Group - Results |url=https://www.economistgroup.com/results |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251205080357/https://www.economistgroup.com/results |archive-date=5 December 2025 |access-date=12 February 2026 |publisher=[[The Economist Group]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | logo_size = 135px<br /> | deputy_editor = [[Tom Standage]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''The Economist''''' is a British news and current affairs journal published in a weekly print magazine format and daily on [[Electronic publishing|digital]] platforms. Widely considered a magazine, it refers to itself as a newspaper,&lt;ref name=&quot;Somaiya-2015&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Iber-2019&quot; /&gt; and publishes stories on topics that include economics, business, geopolitics, technology and culture. Mostly written and edited in [[London]],&lt;ref name=peters/&gt; it has other editorial offices in the United States and in major cities in continental Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.&lt;ref name=&quot;isnewspaper&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2 September 2013 |title=''The Economist'' Is a Newspaper, Even Though It Doesn't Look Like One |first=Kara|last=Bloomgarden-Smoke|url=https://observer.com/2013/09/the-economist-is-a-newspaper-even-though-it-doesnt-look-like-one/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809041749/https://observer.com/2013/09/the-economist-is-a-newspaper-even-though-it-doesnt-look-like-one/ |archive-date=9 August 2020|website=Observer}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=peters/&gt; The publication prominently features [[data journalism]], and has a focus on interpretive analysis over [[News media|original reporting]], to both criticism and acclaim.&lt;!--Article uses British English, e.g. &quot;-ise&quot; over &quot;-ize&quot;. See: WP:ISE.--&gt;<br /> <br /> Founded in 1843, ''The Economist'' was first circulated by Scottish economist [[James Wilson (businessman)|James Wilson]] to muster support for abolishing the British [[Corn Laws]] (1815–1846), a system of import [[tariff]]s. Over time, the newspaper's coverage expanded further into [[political economy]] and eventually began running articles on current events, finance, commerce, and British politics. Throughout the mid-to-late 20th century, it greatly expanded its layout and format, adding opinion columns, special reports, [[political cartoon]]s, [[Letter to the editor|reader letters]], cover stories, art critique, book reviews, and technology features. The paper is recognisable by its [[fire engine red]] [[Nameplate (publishing)|masthead]] (nameplate) and illustrated, topical covers. Individual articles are written anonymously, with no [[byline]], in order for the paper to speak as one collective voice. It is supplemented by its sister lifestyle magazine, ''[[1843 (magazine)|1843]]'', and a variety of podcasts, films, and books. It is considered a [[newspaper of record]] in the UK.&lt;ref name=&quot;FrostWeingarten2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Frost|first1=Corey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7rGhDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA27|title=The Broadview Guide to Writing: A Handbook for Students|last2=Weingarten|first2=Karen|last3=Babington|first3=Doug|last4=LePan|first4=Don|last5=Okun|first5=Maureen|date=30 May 2017|publisher=Broadview Press|isbn=978-1-55481-313-1|edition=6th|pages=27–|access-date=9 March 2020|archive-date=29 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629112957/https://books.google.com/books?id=7rGhDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA27|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The [[The Economist editorial stance|editorial stance of ''The Economist'']] primarily revolves around [[classical liberalism|classical]], [[social liberalism|social]], and most notably [[economic liberalism]]. It has supported [[radical centrism]], favouring policies and governments that maintain [[centrist politics]]. The newspaper typically champions economic liberalism, particularly free markets, free trade, free immigration, deregulation, and globalisation. Its extensive use of [[word play]] and high subscription price has linked the paper with a high-income elite readership, drawing both positive and negative connotations.&lt;ref name=peters&gt;{{Cite news |last=Peters |first=Jeremy W. |date=8 August 2010 |title=''The Economist'' Tends Its Sophisticate Garden |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/09/business/media/09economist.html |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614173806/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/09/business/media/09economist.html |archive-date=14 June 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Burnell |first=Ian |date=31 January 2019 |title=Why The Economist swapped its famous elitist marketing for emotional messaging |url=https://www.thedrum.com/opinion/2019/01/31/why-the-economist-swapped-its-famous-elitist-marketing-emotional-messaging |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809015245/https://www.thedrum.com/opinion/2019/01/31/why-the-economist-swapped-its-famous-elitist-marketing-emotional-messaging |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=11 March 2020 |website=The Drum}}&lt;/ref&gt; In line with this, it claims to have an influential readership of prominent business leaders and policy-makers.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gates|first=Bill|url=https://www.gatesnotes.com/Where-Can-I-Get-Unbiased-News|title=Where can I get unbiased news?|date=8 March 2010|website=GatesNotes - the blog of Bill Gates|publisher=2024 The Gates Notes LLC|access-date=3 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> {{multiple image<br /> | align = right<br /> | image1 = James Wilson by Sir John Watson-Gordon.jpg<br /> | width1 = 188<br /> | alt1 = <br /> | caption1 = <br /> | image2 = The Economist 1843-09-02- Vol 1 Iss 1 (IA sim economist 1843-09-02 1 1).pdf<br /> | width2 = 150<br /> | alt2 = <br /> | caption2 = <br /> | footer = Scottish economist [[James Wilson (businessman)|James Wilson]] founded the newspaper to &quot;take part in a severe contest between intelligence ... and ... ignorance&quot;. Its first issue (right) was published on 2 September 1843 as a [[broadsheet]] newspaper before transitioning into a [[Bookbinding#Thermally activated binding|perfect-bound weekly]] paper in 1971; the paper currently uses a [[Bookbinding#Stitched or sewn binding|stapled magazine]] format.<br /> | direction = <br /> | total_width = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> ''The Economist'' was founded by the British businessman and banker [[James Wilson (businessman)|James Wilson]] in 1843, to advance the repeal of the [[Corn Laws]], a system of import tariffs.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Schonhardt-Bailey |first=Cheryl |date=January 30, 2007 |title=From the Corn Laws to Your Mailbox |url=https://mitpress.typepad.com/mitpresslog/2007/01/from_corn_laws_.html |website=The MIT Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mitpress.typepad.com/mitpresslog/2007/01/from_corn_laws_.html|title=From the Corn Laws to Your Mailbox |website=The MIT Press|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612061955/http://mitpress.typepad.com/mitpresslog/2007/01/from_corn_laws_.html |archive-date=12 June 2010 |date=30 January 2007 |access-date=11 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; A [[prospectus (finance)|prospectus]] for the newspaper from 5 August 1843 enumerated thirteen areas of coverage that its editors wanted the publication to focus on:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=5 August 1843 |title=Prospectus |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=1873493 |url-status=live |access-date=27 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212171351/http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=1873493 |archive-date=12 February 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> * Original [[editorial|leading articles]], in which free-trade principles will be most rigidly applied to all the important questions of the day.<br /> * Articles relating to some practical, commercial, agricultural, or foreign topic of passing interest, such as foreign treaties.<br /> * An article on the elementary principles of [[political economy]], applied to practical experience, covering the laws related to prices, wages, rent, exchange, revenue and taxes.<br /> * [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliamentary]] reports, with particular focus on commerce, agriculture and free trade.<br /> * Reports and accounts of popular movements advocating free trade.<br /> * General news from the [[Court of St James's]], the [[Greater London|Metropolis]], the [[Historic counties of England|Provinces]], Scotland, and Ireland.<br /> * Commercial topics such as changes in fiscal regulations, the state and prospects of the markets, imports and exports, foreign news, the state of the manufacturing districts, notices of important new mechanical improvements, shipping news, the money market, and the progress of railways and public companies.<br /> * Agricultural topics, including the application of geology and [[chemistry]]; notices of new and improved [[List of agricultural machinery|implements]], state of crops, markets, prices, foreign markets and prices converted into English money; from time to time, in some detail, the plans pursued in Belgium, Switzerland, and other well-cultivated countries.<br /> * [[British overseas territories|Colonial]] and foreign topics, including trade, produce, political and fiscal changes, and other matters, including [[Investigative journalism|exposés]] on the evils of restriction and protection, and the advantages of free intercourse and trade.<br /> * Law reports, confined chiefly to areas important to commerce, manufacturing, and agriculture.<br /> * Books, confined chiefly, but not so exclusively, to commerce, manufacturing, and agriculture, and including all treatises on political economy, finance, or taxation.<br /> * A commercial [[gazette]], with prices and statistics of the week.<br /> * [[Letter to the editor|Correspondence and inquiries]] from the newspaper's readers.<br /> <br /> Wilson described it as taking part in &quot;a severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress&quot;, a phrase which still appears on its [[masthead (American publishing)|imprint]] (US: masthead) as the publication's mission.&lt;ref name=&quot;opinion&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title=Opinion: leaders and letters to the Editor |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/opinion/ |url-status=live |access-date=1 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429055238/http://www.economist.com/opinion/ |archive-date=29 April 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has long been respected as &quot;one of the most competent and subtle Western periodicals on public affairs&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Leites&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Leites |first=Nathan |year=1952 |title=The Politburo Through Western Eyes |journal=[[World Politics]] |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=159–185 |doi=10.2307/2009044 |jstor=2009044 |s2cid=153594584}} {{subscription required}}&lt;/ref&gt; It was cited by [[Karl Marx]] in his formulation of socialist theory because Marx felt the publication epitomised the interests of the bourgeoisie.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=McLellan |first=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YauuCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA242 |title=Karl Marx: His Life and Thought |date=1 December 1973 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-349-15514-9 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; He wrote that &quot;the London ''Economist'', the European organ of the aristocracy of finance, described most strikingly the attitude of this class.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Karl Marx, ''The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte'', VI (1852)&lt;/ref&gt; In 1915, revolutionary [[Vladimir Lenin]] referred to ''The Economist'' as a &quot;journal that speaks for British millionaires&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Zevin |first=Alex |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOC2DwAAQBAJ |title=Liberalism at Large: The World According to the Economist |date=12 November 2019 |publisher=Verso Books |isbn=978-1-78168-624-9 |location=London |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=cOC2DwAAQBAJ&amp;q=journal+that+speaks+for+British+millionaires&amp;pg=PA164 164]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Additionally, Lenin stated that ''The Economist'' held a &quot;bourgeois-pacifist&quot; position and supported peace out of fear of [[revolution]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Lenin |first=Vladimir |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1915/may/01c.htm |title=Bourgeois Philanthropists and Revolutionary Social-Democracy |series=Lenin Collected Works |publisher=Progress Publishers |year=1974 |volume=21 |location=Moscow |pages=192–193|access-date=5 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191124100238/https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1915/may/01c.htm |archive-date=24 November 2019 |url-status=live |via=Internet Marxists Archive}} First published in ''Sotsial-Demokrat'', No. 41, 1 May 1915.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In the [[currency]] disputes of the mid-nineteenth century, the journal sided with the Banking School against the [[Currency School]]. It criticised the [[Bank Charter Act 1844]] which restricted the amount of bank notes that the Bank of England could issue on the basis of Currency School policy encouraged by [[Lord Overstone]], that eventually developed into [[monetarism]]. It blamed the 1857 financial crisis in Britain on 'a certain class of ''doctrinaires''' who 'refer every commercial crisis and its disastrous consequences to &quot;excessive issues of bank notes&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;The Economist-2&quot;&gt;''The Economist''. 28 November 1857. p. 1313.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Read-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Read |first=Charles |title=Calming the Storms, the Cary Trade, the Banking School and British Financial Crises Since 1825. |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2022 |isbn=9783031119132 |location=Cham, Switzerland |pages=269}}&lt;/ref&gt; It identified the causes of the [[financial crisis]] as variations in [[interest rate]]s and a build-up of excess [[financial capital]] leading to unwise [[investment]]s.&lt;ref name=&quot;The Economist-2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Read-2022&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> [[File:The Economist 2019 1 o.jpg|thumb|left|A panel of journalists and public policy leaders at ''The Economist''{{'}}s 2019 India Summit]]<br /> In 1920, the paper's circulation rose to 6,170. In 1934, it underwent its first major redesign. The current [[fire engine red]] nameplate was created by [[Reynolds Stone]] in 1959.&lt;ref name=&quot;About us&quot; /&gt; In 1971, ''The Economist'' changed its large [[Broadsheet|broadsheet format]] into a smaller [[Bookbinding#Thermally activated binding|magazine-style perfect-bound]] formatting.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Why does The Economist call itself a newspaper? |url=https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2013/09/01/why-does-the-economist-call-itself-a-newspaper |access-date=2024-01-06 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1981 the publication introduced a North American edition after publishing the British edition since 1843; its circulation had increased more than tenfold by 2010.&lt;ref name=&quot;peters&quot; /&gt; In January 2012, ''The Economist'' launched a new weekly section devoted exclusively to China, the first new country section since the introduction of one on the United States in 1942.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Economist Launches New China Section |url=http://www.asiamediajournal.com/pressrelease.php?id=3277 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120201210032/http://www.asiamediajournal.com/pressrelease.php?id=3277 |archive-date=1 February 2012 |website=Asian Media Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1991, [[James Fallows]] argued in ''[[The Washington Post]]'' that ''The Economist'' used editorial lines that contradicted the news stories they purported to highlight.&lt;ref name=&quot;fallows&quot; /&gt; In 1999, [[Andrew Sullivan]] complained in ''[[The New Republic]]'' that it uses &quot;marketing genius&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=London Fog |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/politics/london-fog |url-status=live |access-date=2 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904203948/http://www.newrepublic.com/article/politics/london-fog |archive-date=4 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; to make up for deficiencies in original reporting, resulting in &quot;a kind of ''[[Reader's Digest]]''&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;The New Republic-1999&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=14 June 1999 |title=Not so groovy. |magazine=The New Republic |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/Archive/Article/0,4273,3874750,00.html |url-status=live |access-date=27 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411215804/https://www.theguardian.com/media/1999/jun/14/8 |archive-date=11 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; for America's corporate elite.&lt;ref name=&quot;The New Republic-1999&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Finkel |first=Rebecca |date=July 1999 |title=Nasty barbs fly between New Republic and Economist |url=http://www.medialifemagazine.com/news1999/july99/news4707.html |url-status=dead |magazine=Media Life |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107024913/http://www.medialifemagazine.com:8080/news1999/july99/news4707.html |archive-date=7 November 2015 |access-date=27 April 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[The Guardian]]'' wrote that &quot;its writers rarely see a political or economic problem that cannot be solved by the trusted three-card trick of privatisation, deregulation and liberalisation&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Stern |first=Stefan |date=21 August 2005 |title=Economist thrives on female intuition |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/aug/21/pressandpublishing.business1 |url-status=live |access-date=2 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140919093954/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/aug/21/pressandpublishing.business1 |archive-date=19 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2005, the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' named it the best English-language paper noting its strength in international reporting where it does not feel moved to &quot;cover a faraway land only at a time of unmitigated disaster&quot; and that it kept a wall between its reporting and its more conservative editorial policies.&lt;ref&gt;Entertainment: 50 Best Magazines, Chicago Tribune, 15 June 2006.&lt;/ref&gt; In 2008, [[Jon Meacham]], former editor of ''Newsweek'' and a self-described &quot;fan&quot;, criticised ''The Economist''{{'s}} focus on analysis over original reporting.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Jon Meacham Wants Newsweek to Be More Like Hayes' Esquire |work=The New York Observer |url=http://www.observer.com/node/39374 |url-status=dead |access-date=27 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080522125448/http://www.observer.com/node/39374 |archive-date=22 May 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2012, ''The Economist'' was [[2012 ICT Skype controversy|accused of hacking]] into the computer of Justice [[Mohammed Nizamul Huq]] of the [[Bangladesh]] Supreme Court, leading to his resignation as the chairman of the [[International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)|International Crimes Tribunal]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ICTleaks&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=8 December 2012 |title=Discrepancy in Dhaka |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/banyan/2012/12/bangladesh |url-status=live |magazine=The Economist |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801193836/http://www.economist.com/blogs/banyan/2012/12/bangladesh |archive-date=1 August 2017 |access-date=13 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ICTleaks1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-12-09 |title=Economist magazine faces contempt in Bangladesh |url=https://apnews.com/general-news-54451f7e17b2471c99581192476c8fd6 |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=AP News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; In August 2015, [[Pearson plc|Pearson]] sold its 50% stake in the newspaper to the Italian [[Agnelli family]]'s investment company, [[Exor (company)|Exor]], for £469 million (US$531 million) and the paper re-acquired the remaining shares for £182 million ($206 million).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=12 August 2015 |title=Pearson Unloads $731 Million Stake in the Economist |work=HuffPost |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/the-economist-pearson_55cb31f0e4b0923c12beac28?ir=Business&amp;section=business&amp;kvcommref=mostpopular |url-status=live |access-date=15 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411215810/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-economist-pearson_n_55cb31f0e4b0923c12beac28?ir=Business&amp;section=business&amp;kvcommref=mostpopular |archive-date=11 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;West&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=West |first=Karl |date=15 August 2015 |title=The Economist becomes a family affair |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/aug/15/economist-becomes-a-family-affair-agnellis |url-status=live |access-date=15 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150815153059/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/aug/15/economist-becomes-a-family-affair-agnellis |archive-date=15 August 2015 |quote=Pearson, the education and publishing giant that has held a non-controlling 50% stake since 1928, is selling the holding for £469m. The deal will make Italy's Agnelli family, founders of the Fiat car empire, the largest shareholder ... .}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Fossil fuel advertising ===<br /> An investigation by [[the Intercept]], [[the Nation]] and [[DeSmog]] found that ''The Economist'' is one of the leading media outlets that publishes advertising for the [[fossil fuel]] industry. Journalists who cover [[climate change]] for ''The Economist'' are concerned that [[conflicts of interest]] with the companies and industries that [[Causes of climate change|caused climate change]] and [[climate change denial|obstructed action]] will reduce the credibility of their reporting on climate change and cause readers to downplay the [[climate crisis]].&lt;ref name=&quot;intercept20231205&quot;&gt;{{cite news |author=Amy Westervelt &amp; Matthew Green |date=December 5, 2023 |title=Leading News Outlets Are Doing the Fossil Fuel Industry's Greenwashing |url=https://theintercept.com/2023/12/05/fossil-fuel-industry-media-company-advertising/ |access-date=September 1, 2024 |publisher=The Intercept}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Organisation==<br /> ''The Economist'' is a member of [[the Economist Group]].<br /> <br /> === Shareholders ===<br /> [[File:Economist building London1.jpg|thumb|[[City of Westminster]]'s Smithson Plaza, formerly known as The Economist Building,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Smithson Plaza |url=https://tishmanspeyer.com/properties/smithson-plaza |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123223827/https://tishmanspeyer.com/properties/smithson-plaza |archive-date=23 November 2020 |access-date=30 September 2020 |website=tishmanspeyer.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Smithson Plaza |url=https://smithson-plaza.com/heritage/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414011826/https://smithson-plaza.com/heritage/ |archive-date=14 April 2021 |access-date=30 September 2020 |website=smithson-plaza.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Smithson Plaza - St James's Street SW1A 1HA |url=https://www.buildington.co.uk/london-sw1/25-st-james-39-s-street/the-economist-plaza/id/3717 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203141632/https://www.buildington.co.uk/london-sw1/25-st-james-39-s-street/the-economist-plaza/id/3717 |archive-date=3 December 2020 |access-date=30 September 2020 |website=buildington.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=DSDHA |url=http://www.dsdha.co.uk/projects/58f8b7d9420d2d0004000001/Smithson-Plaza |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028222614/http://www.dsdha.co.uk/projects/58f8b7d9420d2d0004000001/Smithson-Plaza |archive-date=28 October 2020 |access-date=30 September 2020 |website=dsdha.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; served as the headquarters of the paper until 2017, on [[St James's Street]].|alt=]] Pearson plc held a 50% shareholding via [[Financial Times|The Financial Times Limited]] until August 2015. At that time, Pearson sold their share in the Economist. The [[Agnelli family]]'s Exor paid £287m to raise their stake from 4.7% to 43.4% while the Economist paid £182m for the balance of 5.04m shares which will be distributed to current shareholders.&lt;ref name=&quot;West&quot; /&gt; Aside from the Agnelli family, smaller shareholders in the company include [[Cadbury family|Cadbury]], [[Rothschild family|Rothschild]] (21%), [[Schroders|Schroder]], [[Baron Layton|Layton]] and other family interests as well as a number of staff and former staff shareholders.&lt;ref name=&quot;West&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=11 August 2015 |title=Agnellis, Rothschilds close in on Economist |work=POLITICO |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/agnellis-rothschilds-close-in-on-economist-magazine-sale-pearson/ |url-status=live |access-date=1 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201180906/https://www.politico.eu/article/agnellis-rothschilds-close-in-on-economist-magazine-sale-pearson/ |archive-date=1 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> A [[Trustee|board of trustees]] formally appoints the editor, who cannot be removed without its permission, to protect the Economist's editorial independence. The current trustees are [[Virginia Bottomley]], [[Alison Carnwath]], Tim Clark and [[Gus O'Donnell]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Economist Group - Trustees |url=https://www.economistgroup.com/esg/trustees |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=The Economist Group |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Economist Newspaper Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of [[The Economist Group]]. Sir [[Evelyn Robert de Rothschild]] was chairman of the company from 1972 to 1989. In March 2026, Canadian businessman [[Stephen J. R. Smith|Stephen J.R. Smith]] bought a 26.9% stake in [[The Economist Group]] formerly held by [[Lynn Forester de Rothschild]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Sweney |first=Mark |date=2026-03-17 |title=Canadian billionaire Stephen Smith buys 27% stake in the Economist |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2026/mar/17/stephen-smith-stake-economist-news-magazine |access-date=2026-03-24 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Staff ===<br /> Although ''The Economist'' has a global emphasis and scope, about two-thirds of the 75 staff journalists are based in the London borough of [[City of Westminster|Westminster]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Jones |first=Stephen Hugh |date=26 February 2006 |title=So what's the secret of 'The Economist'? |work=The Independent |location=London |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/so-whats-the-secret-of-the-economist-347699.html |url-status=dead |access-date=27 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405044734/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/so-whats-the-secret-of-the-economist-347699.html |archive-date=5 April 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; However, due to half of all subscribers originating in the United States, ''The Economist'' has core editorial offices and substantial operations in [[New York City]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Chicago]], and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington D.C.]]&lt;ref name=&quot;gainsreaders&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Locations of The Economist in the United States |url=https://www.economistgroup.com/contact/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410174321/https://www.economistgroup.com/contact/ |archive-date=10 April 2020 |access-date=10 March 2020 |website=economistgroup.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Editor ===<br /> [[File:Zanny Minton Beddoes World Economic Forum 2013 cropped.jpg|thumb|254x254px|[[Zanny Minton Beddoes]] was appointed editor in 2015, first joining as an [[emerging markets]] correspondent in 1994.]]<br /> <br /> The [[editor-in-chief]], commonly known as simply &quot;the Editor&quot;, of ''The Economist'' is charged with formulating the paper's editorial policies and overseeing corporate operations. Since its 1843 founding, the editors have been the following:<br /> <br /> * [[James Wilson (businessman)|James Wilson]]: 1843–1857<br /> * [[Richard Holt Hutton]]: 1857–1861{{NoteTag|''[[The Concise Dictionary of National Biography]]'' makes him assistant editor 1858–1860.}}<br /> * [[Walter Bagehot]]: 1861–1877{{NoteTag|He was Wilson's son-in-law.}}<br /> * [[Daniel Conner Lathbury]]: 1877–1881{{NoteTag|[[s:The Times/1922/Obituary/Daniel Conner Lathbury|A journalist and biographer]]}} (jointly)<br /> * [[Inglis Palgrave|Robert Harry Inglis Palgrave]]: 1877–1883 (jointly)<br /> * Edward Johnstone: 1883–1907&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |script-title=zh:economist150周年（1993） – 经济学人资料库 – ECO中文网 – Powered by Discuz! Archiver |url=http://www.ecocn.org/archiver/?tid-2398.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150922170122/http://www.ecocn.org/archiver/?tid-2398.html |archive-date=22 September 2015 |access-date=29 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Francis Wrigley Hirst]]: 1907–1916<br /> * [[Hartley Withers]]: 1916–1921<br /> * [[Walter Layton, 1st Baron Layton|Sir Walter Layton]]: 1922–1938<br /> * [[Geoffrey Crowther, Baron Crowther|Geoffrey Crowther]]: 1938–1956<br /> * [[Donald Tyerman]]: 1956–1965<br /> * [[Alastair Burnet|Sir Alastair Burnet]]: 1965–1974<br /> * [[Andrew Knight (journalist)|Andrew Knight]]: 1974–1986<br /> * [[Rupert Pennant-Rea]]: 1986–1993<br /> * [[Bill Emmott]]: 1993–2006<br /> * [[John Micklethwait]]: 2006–2014&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Sweney |first=Mark |date=9 December 2014 |title=John Micklethwait leaving the Economist to join Bloomberg News |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2014/dec/09/john-micklethwait-leaving-economist-joining-bloomberg |url-status=live |access-date=13 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305013352/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2014/dec/09/john-micklethwait-leaving-economist-joining-bloomberg |archive-date=5 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Zanny Minton Beddoes]]: 2015–present&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Zanny Minton Beddoes |url=https://www.weforum.org/people/zanny-minton-beddoes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809034204/https://www.weforum.org/people/zanny-minton-beddoes/ |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=[[World Economic Forum]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Notes:<br /> {{NoteFoot}}<br /> <br /> ==Tone and voice==<br /> Although it has many individual columns, by tradition and current practice the newspaper ensures a uniform voice—aided by the anonymity of writers—throughout its pages,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=27 September 2011 |title=Style Guide |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/styleguide/introduction |url-status=dead |access-date=8 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130207195439/http://www.economist.com/styleguide/introduction |archive-date=7 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; as if most articles were written by a single author, which may be perceived to display dry, understated wit, and precise use of language.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=The Economist – Tone |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/research/styleGuide/index.cfm?page=673927 |url-status=live |access-date=27 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070107073442/http://www.economist.com/research/styleGuide/index.cfm?page=673927 |archive-date=7 January 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Johnson |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/research/johnson/ |url-status=dead |access-date=27 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219221031/http://www.economist.com/research/johnson/ |archive-date=19 December 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''The Economist''{{'}}s treatment of economics presumes a working familiarity with fundamental concepts of classical economics. For instance, it does not explain terms like [[invisible hand]], [[macroeconomics]], or [[demand curve]], and may take just six or seven words to explain the theory of [[comparative advantage]]. Articles involving economics do not presume any formal training on the part of the reader and aim to be accessible to the educated layperson. It usually does not translate short French and German quotes or phrases but describes the business or nature of even well-known entities, writing, for example, &quot;[[Goldman Sachs]], an investment bank&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=21 February 2008 |title=A bank by any other name |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2008/02/21/a-bank-by-any-other-name |url-status=live |access-date=27 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827230301/https://www.economist.com/britain/2008/02/21/a-bank-by-any-other-name |archive-date=27 August 2019 |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''The Economist'' is known for its extensive use of [[word play]], including puns, allusions, and metaphors, as well as alliteration and assonance, especially in its headlines and captions. This can make it difficult to understand for those who are not native English speakers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Alexander|first=Richard J.|title=Article Headlines in ''The Economist'': An Analysis of Puns, Allusions and Metaphors|journal=Arbeiten aus Anglistik und Amerikanistik|volume=11|issue=2|pages=159–177|date=1986|jstor=43023400}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Widely considered as a magazine&lt;ref name=&quot;Somaiya-2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Somaiya |first=Ravi |date=4 August 2015 |title=Up for Sale, The Economist Is Unlikely to Alter Its Voice |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/05/business/media/a-sale-of-the-economist-is-unlikely-to-change-its-voice.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411065437/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/05/business/media/a-sale-of-the-economist-is-unlikely-to-change-its-voice.html |archive-date=11 April 2020 |access-date=11 April 2020 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt;'', The Economist'' has traditionally and historically persisted in referring to itself as a &quot;[[newspaper]]&quot;,&lt;ref name=&quot;Iber-2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Iber |first=Patrick |date=17 December 2019 |title=The World the Economist Made |magazine=The New Republic |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/155962/liberalism-at-large-book-review-the-economist-magazine |url-status=live |access-date=8 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423122440/https://newrepublic.com/article/155962/liberalism-at-large-book-review-the-economist-magazine |archive-date=23 April 2020 |issn=0028-6583}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jUFOAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA266 |title=The Economist: A Weekly Financial, Commercial, and Real-estate Newspaper |date=1899 |publisher=Economist Publishing Company |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; rather than a &quot;[[news magazine]]&quot;, despite its switch from broadsheet to [[Perfect binding|perfect-binding]] format in 1971. On its website the Economist itself clarifies: &quot;By the time the transformation from newspaper to magazine format had been completed, the habit of referring to ourselves as &quot;this newspaper&quot; had stuck.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2020-06-19 |title=Frequently asked questions |url=https://www.economist.com/frequently-asked-questions |access-date=2025-06-20 |newspaper=The Economist |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Editorial anonymity===<br /> ''The Economist''{{'}}s articles often take a definite editorial stance and almost never carry a [[byline]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Arrese |first=Ángel |date=February 2021 |title=&quot;The evolution of Anonymity in The Economist&quot; |journal=Media History |volume=28 |pages=111–124 |doi=10.1080/13688804.2021.1888703 |s2cid=233977282}}&lt;/ref&gt; Not even the name of the editor is printed in the issue. It is a long-standing tradition that an editor's only signed article during their tenure is written on the occasion of their departure from the position. The author of a piece is named in certain circumstances: when notable persons are invited to contribute opinion pieces; when journalists of ''The Economist'' compile special reports (previously known as surveys); for the Year in Review special edition; and to highlight a potential [[conflict of interest]] over a book review. The names of ''The Economist'' editors and correspondents can be located on the media directory pages of the website.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Media directory |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/mediadirectory |url-status=live |access-date=25 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120524223216/http://www.economist.com/mediadirectory |archive-date=24 May 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Online blog pieces are signed with the initials of the writer and authors of print stories are allowed to note their authorship from their personal web sites.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 November 2008 |title=Why The Economist has no bylines |url=http://andreaskluth.org/2008/11/20/why-the-economist-has-no-bylines/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220115743/http://andreaskluth.org/2008/11/20/why-the-economist-has-no-bylines/ |archive-date=20 December 2008 |access-date=25 May 2012 |website=Andreaskluth.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; One anonymous writer of ''The Economist'' observed: &quot;This approach is not without its faults (we have four staff members with the initials 'J.P.', for example) but is the best compromise between total anonymity and full bylines, in our view.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=4 September 2013 |title=Why are The Economist's writers anonymous? |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2013/09/economist-explains-itself-1/ |url-status=live |access-date=25 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927025426/http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2013/09/economist-explains-itself-1/ |archive-date=27 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; According to one academic study, the anonymous ethos of the weekly has contributed to strengthening three areas for ''The Economist'': collective and consistent voice, talent and newsroom management, and brand strength.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Arrese |first=Ángel |date=March 2020 |title=&quot;&quot;It's Anonymous. It's The Economist&quot;. The Journalistic and Business Value of Anonymity&quot; |journal=Journalism Practice |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=471–488 |doi=10.1080/17512786.2020.1735489 |s2cid=216320039}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The editors say this is necessary because &quot;collective voice and personality matter more than the identities of individual journalists&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=18 November 2010 |title=The Economist – About us |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/help/about-us |url-status=live |access-date=11 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120611044028/http://www.economist.com/help/about-us |archive-date=11 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; and reflects &quot;a collaborative effort&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 April 2008 |title=Economist Editor Micklethwait brings his global perspective to the Twin Cities |url=http://www.minnpost.com/stories/2008/04/29/1659/economist_editor_micklethwait_brings_his_global_perspective_to_the_twin_cities |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705161308/http://www.minnpost.com/stories/2008/04/29/1659/economist_editor_micklethwait_brings_his_global_perspective_to_the_twin_cities |archive-date=5 July 2008 |access-date=16 September 2008 |publisher=MinnPost.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; In most articles, authors refer to themselves as &quot;your correspondent&quot; or &quot;this reviewer&quot;. The writers of the titled opinion columns tend to refer to themselves by the title (hence, a sentence in the &quot;Lexington&quot; column might read &quot;Lexington was informed...&quot;). American author and long-time reader [[Michael Lewis]] criticised the paper's editorial anonymity in 1991, labelling it a means to hide the youth and inexperience of those writing articles.&lt;ref name=&quot;fallows&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=16 October 1991 |title=The Economics of the Colonial Cringe: Pseudonomics and the Sneer on the Face of The Economist |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/1991/10/-quot-the-economics-of-the-colonial-cringe-quot-about-the-economist-magazine-washington-post-1991/7415/ |url-status=live |access-date=27 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526075502/http://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/1991/10/-quot-the-economics-of-the-colonial-cringe-quot-about-the-economist-magazine-washington-post-1991/7415 |archive-date=26 May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Although individual articles are written anonymously, there is no secrecy over who the writers are, as they are listed on ''The Economist''{{'s}} website, which also provides summaries of their careers and academic qualifications.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Media directory |newspaper=The Economist |url=http://mediadirectory.economist.com/ |url-status=live |access-date=31 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424055628/http://mediadirectory.economist.com/ |archive-date=24 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2009, Lewis included multiple ''Economist'' articles in his anthology about the [[2008 financial crisis]], ''[[Panic: The Story of Modern Financial Insanity]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Michael M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXUOASHVf_YC |title=Panic: The Story of Modern Financial Insanity |date=2009 |publisher=W. W. Norton &amp; Company |isbn=978-0-393-06514-5 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[John Ralston Saul]] describes ''The Economist'' as a newspaper that &quot;hides the names of the journalists who write its articles in order to create the illusion that they dispense disinterested truth rather than opinion. This sales technique, reminiscent of pre-Reformation Catholicism, is not surprising in a publication named after the social science most given to wild guesses and imaginary facts presented in the guise of inevitability and exactitude. That it is the Bible of the corporate executive indicates to what extent received wisdom is the daily bread of a managerial civilization.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=The Doubter's Companion: A Dictionary of Aggressive Common Sense |id={{ASIN|0743236602|country=uk}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> [[File:A stack of Economist papers.jpg|thumb|A stack of ''Economist'' papers, ordered by publication date, 2020 |276x276px]]<br /> ''The Economist''{{'}}s primary focus is world events, politics and business, but it also runs regular sections on science and technology as well as books and the arts. Approximately every two weeks, the publication includes an in-depth special report (previously called [[survey article|surveys]]) on a given topic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Special reports |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/printedition/specialreports |url-status=live |access-date=9 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220163843/http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12749771 |archive-date=20 December 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; The five main categories are Countries and Regions, Business, Finance and Economics, Science, and Technology. The newspaper goes to press on Thursdays, between 6&amp;nbsp;p.m. and 7&amp;nbsp;p.m. GMT, and is available at newsagents in many countries the next day. It is printed at seven sites around the world.<br /> <br /> Since July 2007, there has also been a complete audio edition of the paper available 9&amp;nbsp;pm London time on Thursdays.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Allen |first=Katie |date=11 July 2007 |title=Economist launches audio magazine |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2007/jul/11/pressandpublishing.business1 |url-status=live |access-date=21 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111081641/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2007/jul/11/pressandpublishing.business1 |archive-date=11 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; The audio version of ''The Economist'' is produced by the production company ''Talking Issues''. The company records the full text of the newspaper in [[MP3]] format, including the extra pages in the UK edition. The weekly 130 MB download is free for subscribers and available for a fee for non-subscribers. The publication's writers adopt a tight style that seeks to include the maximum amount of information in a limited space.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=The Economist style guide |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/research/StyleGuide/ |url-status=live |access-date=27 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061229165027/http://www.economist.com/research/styleguide/ |archive-date=29 December 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[David G. Bradley]], publisher of ''[[The Atlantic]]'', described the formula as &quot;a consistent world view expressed, consistently, in tight and engaging prose&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=A Seven Year Ambition |url=http://www.mediabistro.com/fishbowlDC/magazines/more_on_atlantic_medias_new_superstar_20765.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010200210/http://www.mediabistro.com/fishbowlDC/magazines/more_on_atlantic_medias_new_superstar_20765.asp |archive-date=10 October 2008 |website=mediabistro.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Letters===<br /> ''The Economist'' frequently receives letters from its readership in response to the previous week's edition. While it is known to feature letters from senior businesspeople, politicians, ambassadors, and spokespeople, the paper includes letters from typical readers as well. Well-written or witty responses from anyone are considered, and controversial issues frequently produce a torrent of letters. For example, the survey of [[corporate social responsibility]], published January 2005, produced largely critical letters from [[Oxfam]], the [[World Food Programme]], [[United Nations Global Compact]], the Chairman of [[BT Group]], an ex-Director of [[Royal Dutch Shell|Shell]] and the UK [[Institute of Directors]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Compilation: Full text of responses to Economist survey on Corporate Social Responsibility (January–February 2005) |url=http://www.business-humanrights.org/Links/Repository/542754 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100709161955/http://www.business-humanrights.org/Links/Repository/542754 |archive-date=9 July 2010 |access-date=3 February 2007 |website=Business &amp; Human Rights}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In an effort to foster diversity of thought, ''The Economist'' routinely publishes letters that openly criticize the paper's articles and stance. After ''The Economist'' ran a critique of [[Amnesty International]] in its issue dated 24 March 2007, its letters page ran a reply from Amnesty, as well as several other letters in support of the organisation, including one from the head of the [[United Nations Commission on Human Rights]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=4 April 2007 |title=Letters: On Amnesty International and human rights, Iraq, tax breaks 4&amp;nbsp;April 2007 |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=8954694 |url-status=live |access-date=9 November 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206063732/http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=8954694 |archive-date=6 December 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rebuttals from officials within regimes such as the Singapore government are routinely printed, to comply with local [[right-of-reply]] laws without compromising editorial independence.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Francis T. Seow |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CnZjYJ3TduUC&amp;pg=PA173 |title=The Media Enthralled: Singapore Revisited |publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers |year=1998 |isbn=978-1-55587-779-8 |pages=171–175}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Letters published in the paper are typically between 150 and 200 words long and had the now-discontinued salutation 'Sir' from 1843 to 2015. In the latter year, upon the appointment of Zanny Minton Beddoes, the first female editor, the salutation was dismissed; letters have since had no salutation.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}} Prior to a change in procedure, all responses to online articles were published in &quot;The Inbox&quot;.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}<br /> <br /> === Columns ===<br /> <br /> The publication runs several opinion columns whose names reflect their topic:<br /> <br /> *''Bagehot'' (Britain): named for [[Walter Bagehot]], 19th-century British constitutional expert and the third editor of ''The Economist''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pressman-2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Pressman |first=Matt |date=20 April 2009 |title=Why Time and Newsweek Will Never Be The Economist |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2009/04/when-will-magazines-stop-trying-to-copy-the-economist |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923174211/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2009/04/when-will-magazines-stop-trying-to-copy-the-economist |archive-date=23 September 2020 |access-date=11 March 2020 |magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; First published in 1989, since 2022, it has been written by Duncan Robinson, who succeeded [[Adrian Wooldridge|Adrian Woolridge]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=30 June 2010 |title=Charlemagne moves town |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/charlemagne/2010/06/charlemagne_moves_town |url-status=live |access-date=26 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320103918/http://www.economist.com/blogs/charlemagne/2010/06/charlemagne_moves_town |archive-date=20 March 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> *''Banyan'' (Asia): named for the [[banyan]] tree, this column was established in April 2009 and focuses on various issues across the Asian continent and is written by [[Dominic Ziegler]].<br /> *''Bartleby'' (Work and management): named after [[Bartleby|the titular character]] of a [[Herman Melville]] short story, this column was established in May 2018. It was written by [[Philip Coggan]] until August 2021.<br /> *''Buttonwood'' (Finance): named for the [[Platanus occidentalis|buttonwood]] tree where early [[Wall Street]] traders gathered. Until September 2006 this was available only as an on-line column, but it is now included in the print edition. Since 2018, it is written by John O'Sullivan, succeeding Philip Coggan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=John O'Sullivan |url=https://mediadirectory.economist.com/people/john-osullivan/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419125705/http://mediadirectory.economist.com/people/john-osullivan/ |archive-date=19 April 2020 |access-date=31 March 2020 |website=Economist}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> *''Chaguan'' (China): named for Chaguan, the traditional Chinese Tea houses in [[Chengdu]], this column was established on in September 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=13 September 2018 |title=The Economist's new China column: Chaguan |publisher=The Economist website |url=https://www.economist.com/china/2018/09/13/the-economists-new-china-column-chaguan |url-status=live |access-date=12 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418051334/https://www.economist.com/china/2018/09/13/the-economists-new-china-column-chaguan |archive-date=18 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; It was previously written by [[David Rennie (columnist)|David Rennie]], but has been suspended until the Economist has a new resident columnist in Beijing.<br /> *''Charlemagne'' (Europe): named for [[Charlemagne]], the first [[Holy Roman Emperor]]. It is written by Stanley Pignal, the Economist's Brussels bureau chief.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://mediadirectory.economist.com/people/stanley-pignal/|title=Stanley Pignal|newspaper=The Economist}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has previously been written by Jeremy Cliffe&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://mediadirectory.economist.com/people/Jeremy-Cliffe/|title=People: Jeremy Cliffe|work=Economist Media Directory|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115075703/http://mediadirectory.economist.com/people/Jeremy-Cliffe/|archive-date=15 January 2019|access-date=14 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; and earlier it was written by David Rennie (2007–2010) and by [[Anton La Guardia]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=9 June 2011 |title=Media Directory |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/mediadirectory/anton-la-guardia |url-status=live |access-date=13 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612181045/http://www.economist.com/mediadirectory/anton-la-guardia |archive-date=12 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; (2010–2014).<br /> *''Johnson'' (language): named for [[Samuel Johnson]], this column returned to print publication in 2016 and covers language. It is written by [[Robert Lane Greene]].<br /> *''Lexington'' (United States): named for [[Lexington, Massachusetts]], the site of the beginning of the [[American Revolutionary War]]. From June 2010 until May 2012, it was written by [[Peter David (journalist)|Peter David]], until his death in a car accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=11 May 2012 |title=Lexington: Peter David |publisher=The Economist website |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/lexington/2012/05/lexington |url-status=live |access-date=12 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512011630/http://www.economist.com/blogs/lexington/2012/05/lexington |archive-date=12 May 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; The column is currently written by [[James Bennet (journalist)|James Bennet]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=14 December 2023 |title=1843 Magazine: When the New York Times lost its way |publisher=The Economist website |url=https://www.economist.com/1843/2023/12/14/when-the-new-york-times-lost-its-way |access-date=14 December 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *''Schumpeter'' (Business): named for the economist [[Joseph Schumpeter]], this column was established in September 2009 and is written by Patrick Foulis.<br /> *''The Telegram'' (International): named after the [[Long Telegram]] written by [[George Kennan]], this column has a focus on geopolitics. It is written by [[David Rennie (columnist)|David Rennie]] and was established in November 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.economistgroup.com/press-centre/the-economist/to-explain-a-fast-changing-world-the-economist-launches-a-weekly-column-on |title=To explain a fast-changing world, The Economist launches a weekly column on geopolitics, &quot;The Telegram&quot; |author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=2024-10-31 |website=The Economist Group |access-date=2024-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *''Free Exchange'' (Economics): a general economics column, frequently based on academic research, replaced the column ''Economics Focus'' in January 2012<br /> *''Obituary'' (recent death): since 2003 it has been written by [[Ann Wroe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Fraser |first=Isabelle |date=6 June 2014 |title=An Interview with Ann Wroe, Obituaries Writer for The Economist |url=http://thehairpin.com/2014/06/an-interview-with-ann-wroe-obituaries-writer-for-the-economist |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223130322/http://thehairpin.com/2014/06/an-interview-with-ann-wroe-obituaries-writer-for-the-economist |archive-date=23 December 2014 |access-date=21 December 2014 |website=[[The Hairpin]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === ''TQ'' ===<br /> Every three months, ''The Economist'' publishes a [[Technology journalism|technology report]] called ''Technology Quarterly'', or simply, ''TQ'', a special section focusing on recent trends and developments in science and technology.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=1 June 2013 |title=Technology Quarterly |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/science/tq/ |url-status=live |access-date=9 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217230918/http://www.economist.com/science/tq/ |archive-date=17 February 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Thanopoulos |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vpIxAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT195 |title=Global Business and Corporate Governance: Environment, Structure, and Challenges |date=15 April 2014 |publisher=Business Expert Press |isbn=978-1-60649-865-1 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The feature is also known to intertwine &quot;economic matters with a technology&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Economist. Technology Quarterly |url=http://biblioteca.uoc.edu/en/resources/resource/economist-technology-quarterly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411010339/http://biblioteca.uoc.edu/en/resources/resource/economist-technology-quarterly |archive-date=11 April 2020 |access-date=11 April 2020 |website=biblioteca.uoc.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt; The ''TQ'' often carries a theme, such as [[quantum computing]] or [[cloud storage]], and assembles an assortment of articles around the common subject.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 March 2017 |title=The Economist Technology Quarterly: Quantum Technologies and Their Applications |url=https://1qbit.com/news/the-economist-technology-quarterly-quantum/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411010326/https://1qbit.com/news/the-economist-technology-quarterly-quantum/ |archive-date=11 April 2020 |access-date=11 April 2020 |website=1QBit |language=en-CA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Cawsey |first1=T. F. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4MMwBA8p-aIC&amp;pg=PT46 |title=Toolkit for Organizational Change |last2=Deszca |first2=Gene |date=2007 |publisher=SAGE |isbn=978-1-4129-4106-8 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===''1843''===<br /> {{main|1843 (magazine)}}<br /> <br /> In September 2007, ''The Economist'' launched a sister [[lifestyle magazine]] under the title ''Intelligent Life'' as a quarterly publication. At its inauguration it was billed as for &quot;the arts, style, food, wine, cars, travel and anything else under the sun, as long as it's interesting&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;faqs&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=FAQs |url=https://www.1843magazine.com/content/faqs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324094451/https://www.1843magazine.com/content/faqs |archive-date=24 March 2016 |access-date=11 July 2017 |website=1843 |date=10 August 2015 |publisher=[[The Economist Newspaper Limited]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; The magazine focuses on analysing the &quot;insights and predictions for the [[Luxury goods|luxury landscape]]&quot; across the world.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=An Evening at The Economist &amp; 1843 |url=https://www.thewalpole.co.uk/news/an-evening-at-the-economist-1843/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411010329/https://www.thewalpole.co.uk/news/an-evening-at-the-economist-1843/ |archive-date=11 April 2020 |access-date=11 April 2020 |website=Walpole |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Approximately ten years later, in March 2016, the newspaper's parent company, [[Economist Group]], rebranded the lifestyle magazine as ''1843'', in honour of the paper's founding year. It has since remained at six issues per year and carries the motto &quot;Stories of An Extraordinary World&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;faqs&quot; /&gt; Author names appear next to their articles in ''1843''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Conti |first=Samantha |date=8 March 2016 |title=1843, The Economist Unveils a Relaunched, Rebranded Lifestyle Title |url=https://wwd.com/business-news/media/1843-the-economist-new-rebranded-magazine-title-10386121/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411010331/https://wwd.com/business-news/media/1843-the-economist-new-rebranded-magazine-title-10386121/ |archive-date=11 April 2020 |access-date=11 April 2020 |website=WWD}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ''1843'' features contributions from ''Economist'' journalists as well as writers around the world and photography commissioned for each issue. It is seen as a market competitor to ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s ''[[WSJ.]]'' and the ''Financial Times''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' ''[[FT Magazine]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Blunden |first=Nick |date=November 2015 |title=Welcome to 1843 |url=https://thoughtthatcounts.economist.com/sites/default/files/Introducing1843.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407021832/https://thoughtthatcounts.economist.com/sites/default/files/Introducing1843.pdf |archive-date=7 April 2020 |website=The Economist Group}}&lt;/ref&gt; Since its March 2016 relaunch, it has been edited by Rosie Blau, a former correspondent for ''The Economist''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Atkins |first=Olivia |date=13 March 2019 |title=The Economist relaunches its lifestyle magazine, 1843 |work=The Drum |publisher=Carnyx Group Limited |url=https://www.thedrum.com/news/2019/03/13/the-economist-relaunches-its-lifestyle-magazine-1843 |url-status=live |access-date=4 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190604183433/https://www.thedrum.com/news/2019/03/13/the-economist-relaunches-its-lifestyle-magazine-1843 |archive-date=4 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In May 2020 it was announced that the ''1843 magazine'' would move to a digital-only format.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tobitt |first=Charlotte |date=2020-05-15 |title=Economist Group cuts 90 jobs and stops printing 1843 magazine |url=https://pressgazette.co.uk/news/economist-group-cuts-90-jobs-and-stops-printing-1843-magazine/ |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Press Gazette |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === ''The World Ahead'' ===<br /> The paper also produces two annual reviews and predictive reports titled ''The World In [Year]'' and ''The World If [Year]'' as part of their ''The World Ahead'' franchise.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='The Economist' Releases 'The World In 2020' Issue, Magazine's Circ Expected To Hit 1 Million |url=https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/343669/the-economist-releases-the-world-in-2020-issue.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411010332/https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/343669/the-economist-releases-the-world-in-2020-issue.html |archive-date=11 April 2020 |access-date=11 April 2020 |website=mediapost.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; In both features, the newspaper publishes a review of the social, cultural, economic and political events that have shaped the year and will continue to influence the immediate future. The issue was described by the American think tank [[Brookings Institution]] as &quot;''The Economist''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s annual [150-page] exercise in [[forecasting]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gill |first=Indermit |date=10 April 2020 |title=The World in 2020, as forecast by The Economist |url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2020/04/10/the-world-in-2020-as-forecast-by-the-economist/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411010635/https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2020/04/10/the-world-in-2020-as-forecast-by-the-economist/ |archive-date=11 April 2020 |access-date=11 April 2020 |website=Brookings |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Translated versions of ''The World In [Year]'' are distributed, e.g. by [[Jang Group]] in Pakistan (Urdu)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jang Group |url=http://pakistan.mom-rsf.org/en/owners/companies/detail/company/company/show/jang-group/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607141109/http://pakistan.mom-rsf.org/en/owners/companies/detail/company/company/show/jang-group/ |archive-date=7 June 2020 |access-date=7 June 2020 |website=pakistan.mom-rsf.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; and by [[Roularta]] in Flanders (Dutch).&lt;ref&gt;[https://trends.knack.be/dossier/de-wereld-in-2025/ De Wereld in 2025], Trends (Roularta)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Country of the Year ===<br /> In 2013, ''The Economist'' began awarding a 'Country of the Year' in its annual Christmas special editions. Selected by the newspaper, this award recognises the country that was 'most improved' over the preceding year.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Year<br /> !Choice<br /> !Notes<br /> |-<br /> |2013<br /> |{{flag|Uruguay}}<br /> |For legalising recreational marijuana and same-sex marriage&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-12-19 |title=The Economist Recognizes How Awesome Weed-Legalizing Uruguay Is |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/economist-uruguay_n_4474745 |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=HuffPost |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Earth's got talent |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2013/12/18/earths-got-talent |access-date=2024-01-14 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2014<br /> |{{flag|Tunisia}}<br /> |For a peaceful transition of power amidst the [[Arab Winter]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Hope springs |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2014/12/17/hope-springs |access-date=2024-01-14 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2015<br /> |{{flag|Myanmar}}<br /> |For political and economic liberalisation (the [[2011–2015 Myanmar political reforms]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Most favoured nation |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2015/12/16/most-favoured-nation |access-date=2024-01-14 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2016<br /> |{{flag|Colombia}}<br /> |For reaching a peace agreement in the [[Colombian peace process]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Economist Names Colombia 'Country of the Year' |url=https://www.financecolombia.com/economist-names-colombia-country-year/ |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=Finance Colombia |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Our country of the year |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2016/12/24/our-country-of-the-year |access-date=2024-01-14 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2017<br /> |{{flag|France}}<br /> |For supporting &quot;open society&quot; with the election and first calendar year of the [[Presidency of Emmanuel Macron]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-12-21 |title=France named The Economist's country of the year |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20171221-france-named-economists-country-year |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=France 24 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2018<br /> |{{flag|Armenia}}<br /> |For opposing &quot;corruption and incompetence&quot; through the [[2018 Armenian Revolution]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2018-12-19 |title=Armenia Named The Economist's 'Country Of The Year' |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/armenia-pashinian-economist-country-year/29663650.html |access-date=2024-01-14 |work=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |{{flag|Uzbekistan}}<br /> |For economic and political reforms&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-12-20 |title=Uzbekistan Must Now Live Up to &quot;Country of the Year&quot; Honor |work=Human Rights Watch |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/12/20/uzbekistan-must-now-live-country-year-honor |access-date=2024-01-14 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2020<br /> |{{flag|Malawi}}<br /> |For increased democratisation as part of the [[2020 Malawian presidential election]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Malawi Named 'Country of the Year' by The Economist |url=https://apta.biz/2020/12/22/malawi-named-country-of-the-year-by-the-economist/ |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=APTA |date=22 December 2020 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |{{flag|Italy}}<br /> |For economic reforms and effective [[COVID-19]] vaccination program&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Vasques |first=Eleonora |date=2021-12-17 |title=Italy named The Economist's country of the year |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/italy-named-the-economists-country-of-the-year/ |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=www.euractiv.com |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2022<br /> |{{flag|Ukraine}}<br /> |For resisting the 2022 [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-12-20 |title=The Economist names Ukraine 'country of the year' |url=https://news.yahoo.com/economist-names-ukraine-country-173918498.html |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |{{flag|Greece}}<br /> |For economic reforms and political stability&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-01-03 |title=Greece hailed again as global economic 'country of the year' |url=https://www.euronews.com/business/2024/01/03/greece-hailed-again-as-global-economic-country-of-the-year |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=euronews |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2024<br /> |{{Flag|Bangladesh}}<br /> |For [[Non-cooperation movement (2024)|overthrowing]] [[Sheikh Hasina]] and [[Yunus ministry|transitioning]] &quot;towards a more liberal government&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=The Economist's country of the year for 2024 |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2024/12/19/the-economists-country-of-the-year-for-2024 |access-date=2024-12-19 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |{{Flag|Syria}}<br /> |For a stabilising [[Syrian transitional government|post-Assad transition]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=The Economist's country of the year for 2025 |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2025/12/18/the-economists-country-of-the-year-for-2025 |access-date=2025-12-20 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Books ===<br /> [[File:The Economist Books.jpg|thumb|278x278px|A series [[Technical communication|technical manuals]] from ''The Economist'', 2020]] <br /> In addition to publishing its main newspaper, lifestyle magazine, and special features, ''The Economist'' also produces books with topics overlapping with that of its newspaper. The weekly also publishes a series of technical manuals (or guides) as an offshoot of its [[Analytic journalism|explanatory journalism]]. Some of these books serve as collections of articles and columns the paper produces.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Woe |first=Ann |url=https://www.npr.org/books/titles/138238085/the-economist-book-of-obituaries |title=The Economist Book of Obituaries |date=November 2008 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-57660-326-0 |language=en |access-date=22 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809013200/https://www.npr.org/books/titles/138238085/the-economist-book-of-obituaries |archive-date=9 August 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Often columnists from the newspaper write technical manuals on their topic of expertise; for example, Philip Coggan, a finance correspondent, authored ''The Economist Guide to Hedge Funds'' (2011).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Coggan |first=Philip |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uUuKAgAAQBAJ |title=The Economist Guide to Hedge Funds |date=30 June 2011 |publisher=Profile |isbn=978-1-84765-037-5 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The paper publishes [[book review]]s in every issue, with a large collective review in their year-end (holiday) issue – published as &quot;''The Economist''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s Books of the Year&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Economist's books of the year |url=https://history.stanford.edu/news/economist%E2%80%99s-books-year |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809040310/https://history.stanford.edu/news/economist%E2%80%99s-books-year |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=22 April 2020 |website=history.stanford.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt; Additionally, the paper has its own [[List of style guides|in-house stylebook]] rather than following an industry-wide writing style template.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Stevenson |first=Cambell |date=8 January 2006 |title=Observer review: The Economist Syle Guide |url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2006/jan/08/referenceandlanguages.features |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809105906/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2006/jan/08/referenceandlanguages.features |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=22 April 2020 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; All ''Economist'' writing, and publications follow ''The Economist Style Guide'', in various editions.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chibber |first=Kabir |date=14 December 2014 |title=We compared The Economist's very British style guide to Bloomberg's, and it was quite amusing |url=https://qz.com/312092/we-compared-the-economist-very-british-style-guide-to-bloombergs-and-it-was-quite-amusing/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809053440/https://qz.com/312092/we-compared-the-economist-very-british-style-guide-to-bloombergs-and-it-was-quite-amusing/ |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=22 April 2020 |website=Quartz |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Joshi |first=Yateendra |date=19 March 2014 |title=The Economist Style Guide, 10th edition |url=https://www.editage.com/insights/the-economist-style-guide-10th-edition |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809104013/https://www.editage.com/insights/the-economist-style-guide-10th-edition |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=22 April 2020 |website=Editage Insights |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Writing competitions===<br /> ''The Economist'' sponsors a wide array of writing competitions and prizes throughout the year for readers. In 1999, ''The Economist'' organised a global futurist writing competition, [[The World in 2050]]. Co-sponsored by [[Royal Dutch/Shell]], the competition included a first prize of US$20,000 and publication in ''The Economist''{{'}}s annual flagship publication, ''The World In''.&lt;ref name=&quot;newstraitstimes2000&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=22 April 2000 |title=What is your vision of the future? |work=New Straits Times |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1309&amp;dat=20000422&amp;id=01ZIAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=2003,2039685}}&lt;/ref&gt; Over 3,000 entries from around the world were submitted via a website set up for the purpose and at various Royal Dutch Shell offices worldwide.&lt;ref name=&quot;newstraitstimes2000&quot; /&gt; The judging panel included Bill Emmott, [[Esther Dyson]], Sir [[Mark Moody-Stuart]], and [[Matt Ridley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=13 May 2010 |title=Getting better all the time |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/culture/2010/05/13/getting-better-all-the-time |url-status=live |access-date=20 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225104016/http://www.economist.com/node/16103826 |archive-date=25 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In the summer of 2019, they launched the Open Future writing competition with an inaugural youth essay-writing prompt about [[Global warming|climate change]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change Essay Contest offered by The Economist |url=https://sefs.uw.edu/students/student-blog-post/climate-change-essay-contest-offered-by-the-economist/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809043633/https://sefs.uw.edu/students/student-blog-post/climate-change-essay-contest-offered-by-the-economist/ |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=School of Environmental and Forest Sciences |date=3 July 2019 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; During this competition the paper accepted a submission from an [[Artificial intelligence|artificially-intelligent]] computer writing program.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Piper |first=Kelsey |date=4 October 2019 |title=The Economist's essay contest featured an AI submission. Here's what the judges thought. |url=https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/10/4/20895836/ai-climate-change-economist-essay-contest-gpt2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809041449/https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/10/4/20895836/ai-climate-change-economist-essay-contest-gpt2 |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=Vox |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Podcasts ===<br /> Since 2006, ''The Economist'' has produced several [[podcast]] series.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Standage |first=Tom |date=2019-01-23 |title=Why The Economist is launching a daily podcast |url=https://medium.com/severe-contest/why-the-economist-is-launching-a-daily-podcast-e0560317cc29 |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=The Economist Digital |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The podcasts currently in production include:&lt;ref name=&quot;economist podcasts&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Podcasts |url=https://www.economist.com/audio/podcasts/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=economist.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> * ''The Intelligence'' (general news)<br /> * ''Editor's Picks'' (audio recordings of published articles)<br /> * ''Drum Tower'' (China)<br /> * ''Babbage'' (technology)<br /> * ''Money Talks'' (finance and business)<br /> * ''Checks and Balance'' (American politics)<br /> * ''The Weekend Intelligence'' (long-form reports on a single topic)<br /> <br /> Additionally, ''The Economist'' has produced several limited-run podcast series, such as ''The Prince'' (on [[Xi Jinping]]), ''Next Year in Moscow'' (on [[Russian emigration during the Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russian emigrants and dissidents following the 2022 invasion of Ukraine]]), ''Boss Class'' (on [[Business administration|business management]]) and ''Scam Inc'', an 8-part series about the growing business and impact of [[scam]]s.&lt;ref name=&quot;economist podcasts&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roush |first=Chris |date=2025-02-06 |title=The Economist rolls out &quot;Scam Inc&quot; podcast |url=https://talkingbiznews.com/media-news/the-economist-rolls-out-scam-inc-podcast/ |access-date=2025-02-19 |website=Talking Biz News |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In September 2023, ''The Economist'' announced the launch of Economist Podcasts+, a paid subscription service for its podcast offerings.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-11-01 |title=Why The Economist has put its podcasts behind a paywall |url=https://pressgazette.co.uk/podcasts/the-economist-podcasts-paywall-subscriptions/ |access-date=2024-10-23 |website=Press Gazette |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Espresso news app ===<br /> In 2014 ''The Economist'' launched its short-form news app Espresso. The product offers a daily briefing from the editors, published every day of the week except Sunday. The app is available to paid subscribers and as a separate subscription.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=What is The Economist Espresso? |url=https://fcxpre.economist.com/s/article/what-is-the-economist-espresso |access-date=2024-09-15 |newspaper=The Economist}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Data journalism ==<br /> <br /> The presence of [[data journalism]] in ''The Economist'' can be traced to its founding year in 1843. Initially, the weekly published basic [[international trade]] figures and tables.&lt;ref name=&quot;Selby-Boothroyd-2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Selby-Boothroyd |first=Alex |date=18 October 2018 |title=Data journalism at The Economist gets a home of its own in print |url=https://medium.economist.com/data-journalism-at-the-economist-gets-a-home-of-its-own-in-print-92e194c7f67e |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711151431/https://medium.economist.com/data-journalism-at-the-economist-gets-a-home-of-its-own-in-print-92e194c7f67e |archive-date=11 July 2022 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=Medium |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;DataJournalism.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=AMA with The Economist's data team - Newsletter |url=https://datajournalism.com/read/newsletters/ama-with-the-economists-data-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200505101201/https://datajournalism.com/read/newsletters/ama-with-the-economists-data-team |archive-date=5 May 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=DataJournalism.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The paper first included a graphical model in 1847—a letter featuring an illustration of various coin sizes—and its first [[Epistolary novel|non-epistolary chart]]—a tree map visualising the size of coal fields in America and England—was included in November 1854.&lt;ref name=&quot;Selby-Boothroyd-2018&quot; /&gt; This early adoption of data-based articles was estimated to be &quot;a 100 years before [[Dot-com bubble|the field's modern emergence]]&quot; by ''Data Journalism.com.''&lt;ref name=&quot;DataJournalism.com&quot; /&gt; Its transition from broadsheet to [[magazine]]-style formatting led to the adoption of coloured graphs, first in fire-engine-red during the 1980s and then in a thematic blue in 2001.&lt;ref name=&quot;Selby-Boothroyd-2018&quot; /&gt; ''The'' ''Economist''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s editors and readers developed a taste for more data-driven stories throughout the 2000s.&lt;ref name=&quot;Selby-Boothroyd-2018&quot; /&gt; Starting in the late-2000s, the paper began to publish more and more articles that centred solely on charts, some of which were published online every weekday.&lt;ref name=&quot;Selby-Boothroyd-2018&quot; /&gt; These &quot;daily charts&quot; are typically followed by a short, 500-word explanation. In September 2009, ''The Economist'' launched a [[Twitter]] account for their Data Team.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Economist Data Team (@ECONdailycharts) |url=https://twitter.com/ECONdailycharts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320215024/https://twitter.com/ECONdailycharts |archive-date=20 March 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=twitter.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2015, the data-journalism department—a dedicated team of data journalists, visualisers and interactive developers—was created to head up the paper's data journalism efforts.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 May 2018 |title=How The Economist uses its 12-person data journalism team to drive subscriptions |url=https://whatsnewinpublishing.com/economist-uses-12-person-data-journalism-team-drive-subscriptions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809035139/https://whatsnewinpublishing.com/economist-uses-12-person-data-journalism-team-drive-subscriptions/ |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=What's New in Publishing |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; The team's output soon included election forecasting models, covering the French presidential elections of 2017 and 2022 and the US presidential and congressional elections in 2020, among others. In late-2023, the data team advertised for a political data scientist to bolster its political forecasting efforts. In order to ensure transparency in the team's data collection and analysis ''The Economist'' maintains a corporate [[GitHub]] account to publicly disclose their models and software wherever possible.&lt;ref name=&quot;Economist-2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Economist |first=The |date=22 October 2018 |title=Turning a page: The Economist's data journalism gets its own place in print |url=https://medium.economist.com/turning-a-page-the-economists-data-journalism-gets-its-own-place-in-print-664c2e5bdfe9 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411215758/https://medium.economist.com/turning-a-page-the-economists-data-journalism-gets-its-own-place-in-print-664c2e5bdfe9?gi=5d1a68c88edd |archive-date=11 April 2023 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=Medium |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; In October 2018, they introduced a &quot;Graphic Detail&quot; featuring large charts and maps in both their print and digital editions which ran until November 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 October 2018 |title=The Economist's print edition launches a dedicated data journalism page for better visual storytelling |url=https://www.journalism.co.uk/news/the-economist-s-print-edition-launches-a-dedicated-data-journalism-page-for-better-visual-storytelling/s2/a729384/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809051555/https://www.journalism.co.uk/news/the-economist-s-print-edition-launches-a-dedicated-data-journalism-page-for-better-visual-storytelling/s2/a729384/ |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=journalism.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Indexes ===<br /> Historically, the publication has also maintained a section of [[economic statistics]], such as employment figures, economic growth, and interest rates. These statistical publications have been found to be seen as authoritative and decisive in British society.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3WVLKKSOcGYC&amp;pg=PA88 |title=Great expectations—the social sciences in Great Britain |publisher=Commission on the Social Sciences |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7658-0849-3 |page=88}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> Some of the most well-known [[Index (economics)|data indexes]] published by the Economist include:<br /> <br /> * The [[Big Mac Index]]: a measure of the [[Purchasing power parity|purchasing power]] of currencies, first published in 1986, using the price of the hamburger in different countries.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Krugman |first1=Paul R. |last2=Obstfeld |first2= Maurice |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NZnk5C2r8qEC&amp;pg=PA396 |title=International Economics |publisher=Pearson Education |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-321-55398-0 |page=396}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=6–12 September 1986 |title=On the Hamburger Standard |newspaper=The Economist}}&lt;/ref&gt; This is published twice a year since 2006, annually prior to that.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| title= The Economist GitHub | website= [[GitHub]]| url= https://github.com/TheEconomist/big-mac-data}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * A [[Democracy Index]]: a measure of the state of democracy in the world, produced by the [[Economist Intelligence Unit]] (EIU).<br /> * The [[Glass Ceiling Index]]: a measure of [[Occupational sexism|female equality in the workplace]].<br /> * The Most Dangerous Cities Index: a measure of major cities [[List of countries by intentional homicide rate|by rates of homicide]].<br /> * Commodity-Price Index: a measure of [[Commodity|commodities]], such as [[gold]] and [[Brent Crude|brent oil]], as well as agricultural items.<br /> ''The Economist'' also publishes a variety of rankings seeking to position [[business school]]s and [[Undergraduate education|undergraduate universities]] among each other, respectively. In 2015, they published their first ranking of U.S. universities, focusing on comparable economic advantages. Their data for the rankings is sourced from the [[United States Department of Education|U.S. Department of Education]] and is calculated as a function of median earnings through [[regression analysis]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=29 October 2015 |title=The Economist &quot;The value of university: Our first-ever college rankings&quot; |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2015/10/value-university |url-status=live |access-date=29 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311051641/https://www.economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2015/10/value-university |archive-date=11 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> == Opinions and editorial stances ==<br /> {{Main|The Economist editorial stance}}<br /> <br /> The editorial stance of ''The Economist'' primarily revolves around [[classical liberalism|classical]], [[Social liberalism|social]], and most notably, [[economic liberalism]]. Since its founding, it has supported [[radical centrism]], favouring policies and governments that maintain [[Centrism|centrist politics]]. ''The Economist'' typically champions [[neoliberalism]], particularly [[free market]]s, [[free trade]], [[free immigration]], [[deregulation]], and [[globalisation]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=16 December 2010 |title=Globalisation: The redistribution of hope |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2010/12/16/the-redistribution-of-hope |url-status=live |access-date=23 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110422201232/http://www.economist.com/node/17732859 |archive-date=22 April 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; When ''The Economist'' was founded, the term ''[[economism]]'' denoted what would today be termed &quot;economic liberalism&quot;. The activist and journalist [[George Monbiot]] has described it as neoliberal, albeit that occasionally it is accepting of the propositions of [[Keynesian economics]] where these were deemed more &quot;reasonable&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grauniad&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=George Monbiot |date=11 January 2005 |title=George Monbiot, Punitive – and it works |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/jan/11/economy.g8 |url-status=live |access-date=25 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018124521/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/jan/11/economy.g8 |archive-date=18 October 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''The Economist'' favours a [[carbon tax]] to help reduce pollution and emissions and fight [[global warming]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=14 June 2008 |title=Buttonwood: Let them heat coke |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/finance/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11543656 |url-status=live |access-date=25 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081008165633/http://www.economist.com/finance/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11543656 |archive-date=8 October 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; According to one former editor, Bill Emmott, &quot;''The Economist''{{'}}s philosophy has always been liberal, not conservative&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Emmot |first=Bill |date=8 December 2000 |title=Time for a referendum on the monarchy |work=Comment |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/monarchy/story/0,2763,408484,00.html |url-status=live |access-date=27 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411215823/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/dec/08/monarchy.comment |archive-date=11 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Like other publications, such as ''The Guardian'', ''[[The Observer]]'' and ''[[The Independent]]'', the Economist supports the [[Republicanism in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom becoming a republic]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Katwala |first=Sunder |date=7 February 2012 |title=The monarchy is more secure than ever |work=The New Statesman |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2012/02/monarchy-jubilee-media-public |url-status=live |access-date=14 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220914162446/https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2012/02/monarchy-jubilee-media-public |archive-date=14 September 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[File:David Hume and Adam Smith statues, Edinburgh.jpg|thumb|Scottish economist [[Adam Smith]] (right) and philosopher [[David Hume]] (left) represent ''The Economist'''s foundational beliefs of ''[[laissez-faire]]'' policies, self-sufficiency, anti-protectionism and [[free trade]].]]<br /> Individual contributors take diverse views. ''The Economist'' favours the support, through [[central bank]]s, of banks and other important corporations. This principle can, in a much more limited form, be traced back to [[Walter Bagehot]], the third editor of ''The Economist'', who argued that the Bank of England should support major banks that got into difficulties. [[Karl Marx]] deemed ''The Economist'' the &quot;European organ&quot; of &quot;the aristocracy of finance&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Marx |first=Karl |url=http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1852/18th-brumaire/ch06.htm |title=The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte |year=1852 |access-date=17 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313030711/http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1852/18th-brumaire/ch06.htm |archive-date=13 March 2013 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; At the same time, the magazine has criticised the inefficiency and regressivity of the [[Taxation in the United States|U.S. tax model]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=4 February 2012 |title=Tax reform in America: A simple bare necessity |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/books-and-arts/2012/02/04/a-simple-bare-necessity |url-status=live |access-date=25 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525100024/http://www.economist.com/node/21545981 |archive-date=25 May 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> ''The Economist'' has supported reforms addressing social issues such as recognition of [[Same-sex marriage|gay marriages]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/PrinterFriendly.cfm?story_id=2515389 |title=Let them wed |newspaper=The Economist |date=4 January 1996 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511111130/http://www.economist.com/PrinterFriendly.cfm?story_id=2515389 |archive-date=11 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Drug liberalization|legalisation of drugs]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.drogasedemocracia.org/Arquivos/the-economist.pdf |title=How to stop the drug wars |newspaper=The Economist |date=7 March 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100602002643/http://www.drogasedemocracia.org/Arquivos/the-economist.pdf |archive-date=2 June 2010}} The publication calls legalisation &quot;the least bad solution&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; and seems to support some government regulation on health issues, such as smoking in public,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=10 June 2010 |title=Smoking and public health: Breathe easy |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2010/06/10/breathe-easy |url-status=live |access-date=25 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120221145448/http://www.economist.com/node/16333351 |archive-date=21 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; as well as bans on smacking children.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/world/international/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11455006|title=Spare The Rod, Say Some|newspaper=The Economist|date=31 May 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080802023730/http://www.economist.com/world/international/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11455006|archive-date=2 August 2008|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''The Economist'' consistently favours guest worker programmes, [[School choice|parental choice of school]], and immigration reform.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/opinion/displayStory.cfm?story_id=6744217|title=Sense, not Sensenbrenner|newspaper=The Economist|date=30 March 2006|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080416022312/http://www.economist.com/opinion/displayStory.cfm?story_id=6744217|archive-date=16 April 2008|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt; It once published an &quot;obituary&quot; of God, a particularly British example perhaps of its often ironic and iconoclastic issue framing.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=23 December 1999 |title=Obituary: God |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/obituary/1999/12/23/god |url-status=live |access-date=7 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207135600/https://www.economist.com/obituary/1999/12/23/god |archive-date=7 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''The Economist'' also has a long record of supporting [[gun control]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=8 April 2009 |title=Lexington: Reflections on Virginia Tech |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/united-states/2009/04/08/reflections-on-virginia-tech |url-status=live |access-date=13 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511091608/http://www.economist.com/node/13447986 |archive-date=11 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2021, it was criticized for publishing an &quot;anti-transgender screed&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=29 July 2021 |title=Respected News Magazine The Economist Publishes Anti-Trans Screed |newspaper=The Advocate |url=https://www.advocate.com/media/2021/7/29/respected-news-magazine-economist-publishes-anti-trans-screed |access-date=3 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2019, The Economist received backlash for suggesting that transgender people should be sterilized; it subsequently apologized for this statement.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=20 May 2021 |title=Editor's history of calling trans people 'frauds' shines light on Economist's transphobic tweet |url=https://www.dailydot.com/irl/helen-joyce-economist-transphobia/ |access-date=3 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=20 March 2019 |title=The Economist under fire for asking if transgender people should be sterilised |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2019/03/20/economist-transgender-sterilised-japan/ |access-date=3 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=9 October 2021 |title=Anti-trans rhetoric is rife in the British media. Little is being done to extinguish the flames |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/09/uk/uk-trans-rights-gender-critical-media-intl-gbr-cmd/index.html |access-date=3 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=20 March 2019 |title=The Economist Apologizes for Tweet Asking Whether Transgender People Should Be 'Sterilized' |url=https://www.thewrap.com/the-economist-apologizes-for-tweet-asking-whether-transgender-people-should-be-sterilized/ |access-date=3 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In recent British general elections, ''The Economist'' has endorsed the center-left [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] (in 2005 and 2024),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=28 April 2005 |title=There is no alternative (alas) |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2005/04/28/there-is-no-alternative-alas |access-date=2024-07-06 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Keir Starmer should be Britain's next prime minister |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2024/06/27/keir-starmer-should-be-britains-next-prime-minister |newspaper=The Economist|date=27 June 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; the right wing [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] (in 2010 and 2015),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2010/apr/29/the-economist-backs-conservatives|title=The Economist backs the Conservatives|work=The Guardian|date=29 April 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018124627/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2010/apr/29/the-economist-backs-conservatives|archive-date=18 October 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;The Economist&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=2 May 2015 |title=Who should govern Britain? |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21650113-despite-risk-europe-coalition-led-david-cameron-should-have-second-term-who |url-status=live |access-date=11 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506123551/http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21650113-despite-risk-europe-coalition-led-david-cameron-should-have-second-term-who |archive-date=6 May 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]] (in 2017 and 2019).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-06-01 |title=The Economist endorses Liberal Democrats in UK election |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/the-economist-endorses-liberal-democrats-in-uk-election/ |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=Politico |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 December 2019 |title=The Economist backs the Liberal Democrats in the 2019 UK general election |url=https://www.economistgroup.com/group-news/the-economist/the-economist-backs-the-liberal-democrats-in-the-2019-uk-general-election |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=Economist Group}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has supported both [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] and [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] candidates in the United States. <br /> <br /> In 2008, ''The Economist'' commented that [[Cristina Fernández de Kirchner]], the Peronist/progressive president of Argentina at the time, was &quot;dashing hopes of change&quot; and &quot;leading her country into economic peril and social conflict&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=1 May 2008 |title=Cristina in the land of make believe |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/world/la/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11293743 |url-status=live |access-date=20 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706153609/http://www.economist.com/world/la/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11293743 |archive-date=6 July 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; The magazine called for [[impeachment of Bill Clinton|Bill Clinton's impeachment]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=17 September 1998 |title=Just go |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/1998/09/17/just-go |url-status=live |access-date=27 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827225228/https://www.economist.com/leaders/1998/09/17/just-go |archive-date=27 August 2019 |issn=0013-0613}}&lt;/ref&gt; as well as for [[Donald Rumsfeld]]'s resignation after the emergence of the [[Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=6 May 2004 |title=Resign, Rumsfeld |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2004/05/06/resign-rumsfeld |url-status=live |access-date=18 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618124544/https://www.economist.com/leaders/2004/05/06/resign-rumsfeld |archive-date=18 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Although ''The Economist'' initially gave vigorous support to the [[U.S.-led invasion of Iraq]], it later called the operation &quot;bungled from the start&quot; and criticised the &quot;almost criminal negligence&quot; of the Bush Administration's handling of the [[Iraq War]], while maintaining in 2007 that pulling out in the short term would be irresponsible.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=22 March 2007 |title=Mugged by reality |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/world/displaystory.cfm?story_id=E1_RRRTGGP |url-status=live |access-date=9 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015195744/http://economist.com/world/displaystory.cfm?story_id=E1_RRRTGGP |archive-date=15 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> ''The Economist'' put its stance this way in 2016:<br /> <br /> {{blockquote|What, besides free trade and free markets, does ''The Economist'' believe in? &quot;It is to the Radicals that ''The Economist'' still likes to think of itself as belonging. The extreme centre is the paper's historical position&quot;. That is as true today as when Crowther [Geoffrey, ''Economist'' editor 1938–1956] said it in 1955. ''The Economist'' considers itself the enemy of privilege, pomposity and predictability. It has backed conservatives such as [[Ronald Reagan]] and [[Margaret Thatcher]]. It has supported the Americans in [[Vietnam]]. But it has also endorsed [[Harold Wilson]] and [[Bill Clinton]], and espoused a variety of liberal causes: opposing capital punishment from its earliest days, while favouring penal reform and decolonisation, as well as—more recently—gun control and gay marriage.&lt;ref name=&quot;About us&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=18 November 2010 |title=About us |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/help/about-us#About_The_Economist |url-status=live |access-date=21 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921080832/http://www.economist.com/help/about-us#About_The_Economist |archive-date=21 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> <br /> In an editorial marking its 175th anniversary, ''The Economist'' criticised adherents to liberalism for becoming too inclined to protect the political status quo rather than pursue reform.&lt;ref name=&quot;The Economist at 175&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=13 September 2018 |title=The Economist at 175 |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/essay/2018/09/13/the-economist-at-175 |url-status=live |access-date=17 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916212953/https://www.economist.com/essay/2018/09/13/the-economist-at-175 |archive-date=16 September 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; It called on liberals to return to advocating for bold political, economic and social reforms: protecting free markets, land and tax reform in the tradition of [[Georgism]], [[open immigration]], a rethink of the [[social contract]] with more emphasis on education, and a revival of [[liberal internationalism]].&lt;ref name=&quot;The Economist at 175&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Circulation==<br /> <br /> Each of ''The Economist'' issues' official date range is from Saturday to the following Friday. ''The Economist'' posts each week's new content online at approximately 21:00 Thursday evening UK time, ahead of the official publication date.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2 August 2011 |title=The Economist launches on Android |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2011/08/service-announcement |url-status=live |access-date=26 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227035402/https://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2011/08/service-announcement |archive-date=27 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; From July to December 2019, their average global [[Circulation (journal)|print circulation]] was over 909,476.&lt;ref name=&quot;pgazette&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 June 2014 |title=Seriously popular: The Economist now claims to reach 5.3m readers a week in print and online |url=http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/seriously-popular-economist-now-claims-reach-53m-readers-week-print-and-online |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211072547/https://www.pressgazette.co.uk/seriously-popular-economist-now-claims-reach-53m-readers-week-print-and-online/ |archive-date=11 December 2019 |access-date=22 June 2015 |publisher=pressgazette.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; As of September 2025, combined print and digital circulation was reported at 1.255 million.&lt;ref name=teg/&gt; However, on a weekly average basis, the paper can reach up to 5.1 million readers, across their print and digital runs.&lt;ref name=&quot;pgazette&quot; /&gt; Across their social media platforms, it reaches an audience of 35 million, as of 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ponsford |first=Dominic |date=8 March 2016 |title=The Economist boasts 1.5m magazine circulation and 36m social media followers |url=https://www.pressgazette.co.uk/economist-boasts-15m-magazine-circulation-and-36m-social-media-followers/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324020103/https://www.pressgazette.co.uk/economist-boasts-15m-magazine-circulation-and-36m-social-media-followers/ |archive-date=24 March 2020 |access-date=23 March 2020 |website=Press Gazette |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Circulation grew steadily in its early years. In 1844, it was 1,800, 3,800 in 1850 and had risen to 4,300 by 1854.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Don Vann |first1=J. |last2=VanArsdel |first2=Rosemary T. |title=Victorian periodicals; a guide to research |date=1978 |publisher=The Modern Language Association of America |location=New York |isbn=0873522575 |page=171 |edition=First}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1877, the publication's circulation was 3,700, and in 1920 it had risen to 6,000. Circulation increased rapidly after 1945, reaching 100,000 by 1970.&lt;ref name=&quot;About us&quot; /&gt; Circulation is audited by the [[Audit Bureau of Circulations (UK)|Audit Bureau of Circulations]] (ABC). From around 30,000 in 1960 it has risen to near 1 million by 2000 and by 2016 to about 1.3&amp;nbsp;million.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Lucinda Southern |date=17 February 2016 |title=The Economist Plans to Double Circulation Profits in 5 Years |url=http://digiday.com/publishers/economist-aims-double-circulation-profits-5-years/ |url-status=live |magazine=[[Digiday]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711081658/http://digiday.com/publishers/economist-aims-double-circulation-profits-5-years/ |archive-date=11 July 2016 |access-date=7 July 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Approximately half of all sales (54%) originate in the United States with sales in the United Kingdom making 14% of the total and continental Europe 19%.&lt;ref name=&quot;gainsreaders&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 March 2006 |title='Economist' Magazine Wins American Readers |website=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5250996 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070505233744/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5250996 |archive-date=5 May 2007 |access-date=27 December 2006 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Of its American readers, two out of three earn more than $100,000 a year. ''The Economist'' has sales, both by subscription and at newsagents, in over 200 countries. ''The Economist'' once boasted about its limited circulation. In the early 1990s it used the slogan &quot;''The Economist'' – not read by millions of people&quot;. [[Geoffrey Crowther, Baron Crowther|Geoffrey Crowther]], a former editor, wrote: &quot;Never in the history of journalism has so much been read for so long by so few.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Moseley |first=Ray |title='Economist' aspires to influence, and many say it does British weekly boasts of limited readership, banks on snob appeal |work=The Chicago Tribune |url-access=subscription |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=DM&amp;p_theme=dm&amp;p_action=search&amp;p_maxdocs=200&amp;p_topdoc=1&amp;p_text_direct-0=0ED3D3B56996BE43&amp;p_field_direct-0=document_id&amp;p_perpage=10&amp;p_sort=YMD_date:D&amp;s_trackval=GooglePM |date=September 26, 1993 |url-status=dead |access-date=14 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809032838/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=DM&amp;p_theme=dm&amp;p_action=search&amp;p_maxdocs=200&amp;p_topdoc=1&amp;p_text_direct-0=0ED3D3B56996BE43&amp;p_field_direct-0=document_id&amp;p_perpage=10&amp;p_sort=YMD_date:D&amp;s_trackval=GooglePM |archive-date=9 August 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Censorship==<br /> [[File:A page ripped out from The Economist by China's censorship department (cropped).jpg|thumb|232x232px|A copy of ''The Economist'' in [[Liaoning Provincial Museum|Liaoning Provincial Library]]. Page 28 from the 1 June 2019 issue, about the [[1989 Tiananmen Square Protests]], has been removed.]]&lt;!-- The camera location given in the metadata of the image matches the location of the library --&gt;<br /> Sections of ''The Economist'' criticising authoritarian regimes are frequently removed from the paper by the authorities in those countries. On 15 June 2006, [[Iran]] banned the sale of ''The Economist'' when it published a map labelling the [[Persian Gulf]] simply as Gulf—a choice that derives its political significance from the [[Persian Gulf naming dispute]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran bans ''The Economist'' over map |url=http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1150191582529&amp;pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull |date=Jun 14, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223062030/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1150191582529&amp;pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull |archive-date=23 December 2011 |access-date=31 January 2007 |website=[[The Jerusalem Post]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 29 May 2025, Reuters reported that Vietnam had banned the May 24 issue featuring the president [[Tô Lâm]] that described him as &quot;an ambitious leader who emerged &quot;from the security state&quot; and who &quot;must turn himself into a reformer&quot; to adjust the country's economic model and make it richer&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Hanoi bans The Economist's printed issue with Vietnam's top leader on cover, say distributor sources |date=May 29, 2025|url=https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/society-equity/hanoi-bans-economists-printed-issue-with-vietnams-top-leader-cover-say-2025-05-29/ |access-date=2025-11-29 |work=Reuters |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In a separate incident, the government of [[Zimbabwe]] went further and imprisoned ''The Economist''{{'}}s correspondent there, [[Andrew Meldrum]]. The government charged him with violating a statute on &quot;publishing untruth&quot; for writing that a woman was decapitated by supporters of the ruling [[Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front]] party. The [[decapitation]] claim was retracted,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Guardian and RFI correspondent risks two years in jail |url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=2574 |date=11 June 2002 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090404211952/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=2574 |archive-date=4 April 2009 |access-date=2 April 2014 |website=[[Reporters Without Borders]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; and allegedly fabricated by the woman's husband. The correspondent was later acquitted, only to receive a [[deportation]] order. On 19 August 2013, ''The Economist'' disclosed that the [[Missouri Department of Corrections]] had censored its issue of 29 June 2013. According to the letter sent by the department, prisoners were not allowed to receive the issue because &quot;1. it constitutes a threat to the security or discipline of the institution; 2. may facilitate or encourage criminal activity; or 3. may interfere with the rehabilitation of an offender&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=19 August 2013 |title=The Economist in prison: About that missing issue |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2013/08/economist-prison |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=2 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131027204022/http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2013/08/economist-prison |archive-date=27 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> * [[List of business newspapers]]<br /> * [[List of newspapers in the United Kingdom]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==Further reading==<br /> * Arrese, Angel (1995), ''[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326415042_La_identidad_de_The_Economist La identidad de The Economist]''. Pamplona: Eunsa. {{ISBN|978-84-313-1373-9}}.<br /> * Edwards, Ruth Dudley (1993), ''The Pursuit of Reason: The Economist 1843–1993'', London: Hamish Hamilton, {{ISBN|978-0-241-12939-5}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Tungate |first=Mark |title=Media Monoliths |publisher=Kogan Page Publishers |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7494-4108-1 |pages=194–206 |chapter=''The Economist''}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Spoken Wikipedia|The Economist.ogg|date=12 July 2006}}<br /> * {{Official website}}<br /> * {{HathiTrust Catalog}}<br /> <br /> {{Portal bar|Journalism|Business|United Kingdom}}<br /> {{Rothschilds}}<br /> {{The Economist Group}}<br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Economist, The}}<br /> [[Category:The Economist]]<br /> [[Category:1843 establishments in England]]<br /> [[Category:Newspapers established in 1843]]<br /> [[Category:Newspapers published in London]]<br /> [[Category:International newspapers]]<br /> [[Category:National newspapers published in the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Weekly newspapers published in the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Business newspapers published in the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Liberal media in the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:News magazines published in the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Weekly news magazines]]<br /> [[Category:Political magazines published in the United Kingdom]]<br /> [[Category:Podcasting companies]]<br /> [[Category:Economic liberalism]]<br /> [[Category:Neoliberalism]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghananand_Pande&diff=500312 2026-03-24T16:12:50Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Creating a post</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description | Indian scientist}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | honorific_prefix = Dr.<br /> | name = Ghananand Pande<br /> | image = &lt;!-- just the name, without the File: or Image: prefix or enclosing [[brackets]] --&gt;<br /> | image_size = <br /> | alt = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_name = <br /> | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1902|01|01}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Ranikhet]], [[Almora district]] in [[Uttarakhand]], India<br /> | monuments = <br /> | other_names = <br /> | citizenship = <br /> | education = [[Bachelor of Engineering|B.E.]] in [[Civil Engineering]]<br /> | alma_mater = *[[IIT Roorkee]] &lt;br /&gt; (then ''Thomson College of Civil Engineering'')<br /> | occupation = <br /> | years_active = <br /> | employer = *Chairman of [[Railway Board]] (1954-57)<br /> <br /> * Chairman of [[Hindustan Steel]] (1957-60)<br /> * Vice-chancellor of [[Roorkee University]] (1961-66)<br /> | organization = <br /> | agent = <br /> | known_for = <br /> | notable_works = <br /> | style = <br /> | spouse = <br /> | partner = <br /> | children = <br /> | parents = <br /> | relatives = <br /> | callsign = <br /> | awards = <br /> | signature = <br /> | signature_alt = <br /> | signature_size = <br /> | module = <br /> | module2 = <br /> | module3 = <br /> | module4 = <br /> | module5 = <br /> | module6 = <br /> | website = &lt;!-- {{URL|Example.com}} --&gt;<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Ghananand Pande''' (1 January 1902 &amp;ndash; c. 1995)&lt;ref name=&quot;Late&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last = Pāṇḍe|first = Ghanānanda|author2=Sobana Siṃha Jīnā |author3=Maheshwar P. Joshi |author4=Lalita Prabhā Jośī |title = Uttaranchal Himalaya: anthropology, archaeology, art, botany, economics, geography, geology, history, and sociology|publisher = Shree Almora Book Depot|year = 1995|pages = xii|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8YJuAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22Ghananand+Pande%22|isbn = 8185865280}}&lt;/ref&gt; was an [[Indian people|Indian]] engineer and a civil servant. He held key positions in the [[Government of India]] and contributed to engineering education reforms in India. In 1969, he received the [[Padma Vibhushan]] award, the second highest civilian award of [[India]].&lt;ref name=&quot;uttran&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Ghananad Pandey |url=http://personalities.euttaranchal.org/ghananand-pandey.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927190552/http://personalities.euttaranchal.org/ghananand-pandey.html |archive-date=27 September 2010 |access-date=11 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Early life and career==<br /> Pande was born in Ranikhet, a small town in [[Almora district]] in present-day state of [[Uttarakhand]]. Pande completed his primary and secondary schooling in Almora and Nainital.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |author=WEB Desk |date=2023-01-01 |title=उत्तराखंड की महान विभूतियां : डॉ. घनानंद पाण्डे जिन्हें 1969 में मिला पद्म विभूषण सम्मान |url=https://panchjanya.com/2023/01/01/262407/bharat/uttarakhand/introduction-of-dr-ghananand-pandey/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=Panchjanya |language=hi-IN}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pande pursued higher education at [[University of Allahabad|Allahabad University]], where he earned his undergraduate degree with first-division honors in 1922.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; He subsequently obtained a [[Bachelor of Engineering|B.E.]] in [[Civil Engineering]] from ''Thomson College of Civil Engineering'', now known as [[IIT Roorkee|Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee]], in 1925.<br /> <br /> Pande started his professional career as an engineer in [[Indian Railways]] and worked in various engineering capacities until 1947.&lt;ref name=&quot;uttran&quot; /&gt; He was instrumental in several key projects, including his tenure as the General Manager in North Eastern Railway from 1950 to 1952, and as General Manager overseeing the Ganga Bridge Project at Mokama. He retired in 1957 as chairman of the [[Railway Board]] and secretary of the [[Ministry of Railways (India)|Ministry of Railways in the Government of India]], after serving in those positions for three years. From 1958 to 1960, he was chairman of the Steel Board, and from 1961 to 1966 he served as vice-chancellor of the University of Roorkee. Between 1966 and 1973, he held additional senior positions in the Government of India.&lt;ref name=&quot;iitr&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.iitr.ac.in/institute/pages/Heritage+Luminaries.html | title=Luminaries of IIT Roorkee | publisher=[[IIT Roorkee]] | access-date=11 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Following his retirement from the Railway Board, Pande continued to hold prominent roles in India's industrial and educational spheres. From 1957 to 1960, he served as first the chairman of Hindustan Steel,&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=SINGH |first=JAGJIT |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Some_Eminent_Indian_Scientists/npfcDQAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=0 |title=Some Eminent Indian Scientists |publisher=Publications Division Ministry of Information &amp; Broadcasting |isbn=978-81-230-2318-2 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; overseeing the establishment of three major public sector steel plants in [[Bhilai Steel Plant|Bhilai]], [[Rourkela Steel Plant|Rourkela]], and [[Durgapur Steel Plant|Durgapur]]. He proposed a baby car project in 1960–61 and recommended that small cars be manufactured in India.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; He later transitioned to academia, serving as the vice-chancellor of Roorkee University (now IIT Roorkee), during his tenure he established a centre of [[Institution of Engineers (India)|Institution of Engineers]] (India) at the university.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Institution of Engineers (India), Roorkee Local Centre, Home Page |url=http://www.ieirlc.org/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914000714/http://ieirlc.org/ |archive-date=14 September 2012 |access-date=11 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; He left the position voluntarily.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recognition==<br /> He received an honorary [[Doctor of Engineering]] degree from the University of Roorkee and an honorary [[Doctor of Science]] degree from [[Kumaon University]] in recognition of his contributions to engineering education.&lt;ref name=&quot;uttran&quot; /&gt; He was also awarded [[Padma Vibhushan]] in 1969 for his service to public administration. He was nominated by the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]].&lt;ref name=&quot;padma&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.apnauttarakhand.com/padma-awards-from-uttarakhand/ | title=Padma Award from Uttarakhand | publisher=Apna Uttarakhand | access-date=11 June 2012 | archive-date=31 December 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121231140049/http://www.apnauttarakhand.com/padma-awards-from-uttarakhand/ | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Pande, Ghananand}}<br /> [[Category:1902 births]]<br /> [[Category:Year of death missing]]<br /> [[Category:Engineers from Uttarakhand]]<br /> [[Category:Indian civil engineers]]<br /> [[Category:IIT Roorkee alumni]]<br /> [[Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in civil service]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian engineers]]<br /> [[Category:People from Almora district]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kamal_Haasan&diff=452360 2026-03-24T04:34:48Z

<p>KurtFaucett: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian actor (born 1954)}}<br /> {{distinguish|Mohd Kamal Hassan}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}<br /> {{multiple issues|<br /> {{Promotional|date=November 2025}}<br /> {{excessive detail|date=November 2025}}<br /> }}<br /> {{Infobox officeholder<br /> | name = Kamal Haasan<br /> | image = Kamal Haasan at 2023 San Diego Comic-Con International by Gage Skidmore, 005 (cropped).jpg<br /> | caption = Haasan at [[San Diego Comic-Con]] in 2023<br /> | office = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]<br /> | term_start = 25 July 2025<br /> | term_end = <br /> | predecessor = [[Vaiko]]<br /> | successor = <br /> | constituency = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu]]<br /> | office2 = Parliamentary Chairperson of the [[Makkal Needhi Maiam]]<br /> | term_start2 = 25 July 2025<br /> | term_end2 = <br /> | predecessor2 = ''Position established''<br /> | successor2 = <br /> | office3 = President of the [[Makkal Needhi Maiam]]<br /> | predecessor3 = ''Position established''<br /> | term_start3 = 21 February 2018<br /> | module = <br /> {{Infobox person | embed = yes<br /> | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1954|11|7|df=yes}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Ramanathapuram]], [[Madras State]], [[India]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|quote= Haasan was born in Ramanathapuram palace and not in Paramakudi as thought by most. |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/did-you-know/Where-Kamal-Haasan-was-really-born/articleshow/34108749.cms|title=Where Kamal Haasan was really born?|website=The Times of India|access-date=23 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009140341/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/did-you-know/Where-Kamal-Haasan-was-really-born/articleshow/34108749.cms|archive-date=9 October 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | other_names = {{bulleted list|Ulaganayagan &lt;br /&gt; (Universal Hero)|Kalaignani &lt;br /&gt; (Genius at Arts)}}<br /> | residence = &lt;!--Provide reference--&gt;<br /> | occupation = {{bulleted list|[[Actor]]|[[Film director]]|[[Film producer]]|[[Screenwriter]]|[[Playback singer]]|[[Lyricist]]|[[Politician]]}}<br /> | years_active = 1960–present<br /> | works = {{bulleted list|[[Kamal Haasan filmography|Filmography]]|[[Kamal Haasan discography|Discography]]<br /> }}<br /> | party = [[Makkal Needhi Maiam]] (2018–present)<br /> | spouse = {{bulleted list|{{marriage|[[Vani Ganapathy]]|1978|reason=divorced|1988}}|{{marriage|[[Sarika Thakur]]|1991|reason=divorced|2004}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=17 May 2013 |title=I get devastated at the idea of marriage: Shruti Haasan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/I-get-devastated-at-the-idea-of-marriage-Shruti-Haasan/articleshow/20084486.cms |website=The Times of India |quote=as soon as my sister Akshara was born, they got married |access-date=22 April 2024 |archive-date=30 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030124223/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/I-get-devastated-at-the-idea-of-marriage-Shruti-Haasan/articleshow/20084486.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> }}<br /> | father = Srinivasan<br /> | mother = Rajalakshmi<br /> | partner = [[Gowthami]] (2005–2016)<br /> | children = {{bulleted list|[[Shruti Haasan|Shruti]]|[[Akshara Haasan|Akshara]]{{efn|Both daughters with Sarika.}}}}<br /> | relatives = See [[List of South Indian film families#Haasan family|Haasan family]]<br /> | awards = {{bulleted list|[[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award#M.G.R. Award|MGR Award]] (1989)|[[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award#Sivaji Ganesan Award|Sivaji Ganesan Award]] (1999)|[[NTR National Award]] (2014)|[[:fr:Prix Henri-Langlois|Henri Langlois Prize]] (2016)|[[P. Jairaj|Paidipati Jairaj Award]] (2026)}}<br /> | honours = {{bulleted list|[[Kalaimamani]] (1978)|[[Padma Shri]] (1990)|[[Padma Bhushan]] (2014)|[[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Order of Arts and Letters]] (''Chevalier'') (2016)}} &lt;br /&gt; See [[List of awards and nominations received by Kamal Haasan|full list]]<br /> }}<br /> }}<br /> '''Kamal Haasan'''{{efn|In an interview, Haasan revealed that Parthasarathy was one of the names given to him.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=59 Years of Kamal Haasan: Lesser known facts about the Ulaganayagan|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/photo-features/59-years-of-kamal-haasan-lesser-known-facts-about-the-ulaganayagan/photostory/65452293.cms|date=29 August 2019|website=Times of India|access-date=15 August 2025|archive-date=31 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531102938/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/photo-features/59-years-of-kamal-haasan-lesser-known-facts-about-the-ulaganayagan/photostory/65452293.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was initially named after the Parthasarathy deity at Pallava-era temple in Chennai. Later his father changed his name to Kamal Haasan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kamal Haasan turns 70: Let's take a look at his filmy family tree |url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/entertainment/bollywood/kamal-haasan-turns-70-let-s-take-a-look-at-his-filmy-family-tree/ar-AA1tF1vO |website=MSN |access-date=13 August 2025 |archive-date=20 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251020151424/https://www.msn.com/en-in/entertainment/bollywood/kamal-haasan-turns-70-let-s-take-a-look-at-his-filmy-family-tree/ar-AA1tF1vO |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; His name as per the records of Rajya Sabha is Shri Kamal Haasan.&lt;ref name=&quot;List of Members&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=List of Members |url=https://sansad.in/rs/members |website=Rajya Sabha Council of States |access-date=15 August 2025 |archive-date=29 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250529091102/https://sansad.in/rs/members |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}} (born 7 November 1954) is an Indian filmmaker and politician, currently serving as a [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]] for [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu]].&lt;ref name=&quot;List of Members&quot;/&gt; He is an actor, director, producer, screenwriter, playback singer and lyricist who works primarily in [[Tamil cinema]]. He has also worked as an assistant director, choreographer, editor, make-up artist, narrator, television host, and a distributor of films. He founded a magazine, ''Maiam'' (lit. ''Center''), which he edited, and has written over 100 poems and [[Kamal Haasan#Literary_works|some books]]. In his cinematic career, he has made over 250 films in [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Malayalam]], [[Hindi]], [[Kannada]] and [[Bengali language|Bengali]].&lt;ref&gt;*{{Cite web |quote=I have acted in over 250 films, the veteran actor added. |date=2024-07-16 |title=Kamal Haasan Overjoyed With Kalki 2898 AD's Massive Success: 'A Moment To Be Celebrated' |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/kamal-haasan-overjoyed-with-kalki-2898-ads-massive-success-a-moment-to-be-celebrated-8968007.html |website=News18 |access-date=7 September 2025 |archive-date=2 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251102065751/https://www.news18.com/movies/kamal-haasan-overjoyed-with-kalki-2898-ads-massive-success-a-moment-to-be-celebrated-8968007.html |url-status=live }}<br /> *{{Cite news |quote=actor Kamal Haasan’s career, spanning over 250 films |date=2024-08-26 |title=Kamal Haasan wants to be the best 'rasigan' above everything: Film historian K. Hariharan |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/kamal-haasan-wants-to-be-the-best-rasigan-above-everything-film-historian-k-hariharan/article68565989.ece/ |website=The Hindu }}<br /> *{{Cite web |quote=Haasan has been a part of over 250 films |date=2021-08-12 |title=Ulaganayagan Kamal Haasan Is The Man Who Inspired Quentin Tarantino |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ulaganayagan-kamal-hassan-is-the-man-who-inspired-quentin-tarantino/articleshow/85265470.cms |website=Times of India |access-date=7 September 2025 |archive-date=3 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251103000757/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ulaganayagan-kamal-hassan-is-the-man-who-inspired-quentin-tarantino/articleshow/85265470.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan has won numerous accolades, including five [[National Film Awards]],{{efn|<br /> * 1. [[National Film Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role|Best Actor in a Leading Role]] for ''[[Moondram Pirai]]'' (1982)<br /> * 2. Best Actor in a Leading Role for ''[[Nayakan]]'' (1987)<br /> * 3. Best Actor in a Leading Role for ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]'' (1996)<br /> * 4. [[National Film Award for Best Tamil Feature Film|Best Tamil Feature Film]] for ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992)<br /> * 5. [[National Film Award for Best Child Artist]] for ''[[Kalathur Kannamma]]'' (1960) (The award for best acting was given out as a [[Rashtrapati Award]] (President's Gold Medal) until the 14th National Film Awards ceremony held in 1967, when the National Awards were called as the &quot;State Awards for Films&quot;. They were renamed to the current [[National Film Awards]] from the 15th National Film Awards ceremony held in 1968.)&lt;ref name=&quot;hindustantimes.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |quote=Kamal had won the best child actor National Award for his performance in his debut film. |date=2009-08-10 |title=Kamal Haasan celebrates 50 years in films! |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-celebrates-50-years-in-films/story-GaBya7QITzCIdowfoIdCCP.html |website=Hindustan Times |access-date=18 August 2025 |archive-date=27 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127180852/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-celebrates-50-years-in-films/story-GaBya7QITzCIdowfoIdCCP.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}} twenty-one [[Filmfare Awards]],{{efn|<br /> * 1. [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam|Best Actor – Malayalam]] for ''[[Kanyakumari (film)|Kanyakumari]]'' (1974)<br /> * 2. [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Best Actor – Tamil]] for ''[[Apoorva Raagangal]]'' (1975)<br /> * 3. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[Oru Oodhappu Kan Simittugiradhu]]'' (1976)<br /> * 4. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[16 Vayathinile]]'' (1977)<br /> * 5. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[Sigappu Rojakkal]]'' (1978)<br /> * 6. Best Actor – Malayalam for ''[[Eeta]]'' (1978)<br /> * 7. [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]] for ''[[Varumayin Niram Sivappu|Aakali Rajyam]]'' (1981)<br /> * 8. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[Raja Paarvai]]'' (1981)<br /> * 9. Best Actor – Telugu for ''[[Sagara Sangamam]]'' (1983)<br /> * 10. [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|Best Actor – Hindi]] for ''[[Saagar (film)|Saagar]]'' (1985)<br /> * 11. [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada|Best Actor – Kannada]] for ''[[Pushpaka Vimana (1987 film)|Pushpaka Vimana]]'' (1987)<br /> * 12. Best Actor – Telugu for ''[[Indrudu Chandrudu]]'' (1989)<br /> * 13. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[Gunaa]]'' (1991)<br /> * 14. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992)<br /> * 15. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[Kuruthipunal (film)|Kuruthipunal]]'' (1995)<br /> * 16. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]'' (1996)<br /> * 17. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[Hey Ram]]'' (2000)<br /> * 18. Best Actor – Tamil for ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]'' (2022)<br /> * 19. [[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil|Best Film – Tamil]] for ''[[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]]'' (1989)<br /> * 20. Best Film – Tamil for ''[[Amaran (2024 film)|Amaran]]'' (2024)<br /> * 21. [[Filmfare Award for Best Story|Best Story – Hindi]] for ''[[Virasat (1997 film)|Virasat]]'' (1997)}} eleven [[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]],{{efn|<br /> * 1. [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] for ''[[16 Vayathinile]]'' (1977)<br /> * 2. Best Actor for ''[[Varumayin Niram Sivappu]]'' (1980)<br /> * 3. Best Actor for ''[[Moondram Pirai]]'' (1982)<br /> * 4. Best Actor for ''[[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]]'' (1989)<br /> * 5. Best Actor for ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992)<br /> * 6. Best Actor for ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]'' (1996)<br /> * 7. Best Actor for ''[[Vettaiyaadu Vilaiyaadu]]'' (2006)<br /> * 8. Best Actor for ''[[Dasavathaaram]]'' (2008)<br /> * 9. [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film|Best Feature Film (Second Prize)]] for ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992)<br /> * 10. [[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award#M.G.R. Award|MGR Award]] (1989) and<br /> * 11. [[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award#Sivaji Ganesan Award|Nadigar Thilagam Sivaji Ganesan Award]] (1999) for Contributions to the development of Tamil cinema}} and five [[Nandi Awards]].{{efn|<br /> * 1. [[Nandi Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] for ''[[Sagara Sangamam]]'' (1983)<br /> * 2. Best Actor for ''[[Swathi Muthyam]]'' (1986)<br /> * 3. Best Actor for ''[[Indrudu Chandrudu]]'' (1989)<br /> * 4. [[NTR National Award]] (2014) for Lifetime achievements and contributions to Indian cinema<br /> * 5. [[P. Jairaj|Paidipati Jairaj Award]] (2026) for Outstanding contributions to the growth and development of Indian cinema (given as [[Telangana Gaddar Film Awards]] from 2025)}} He was honoured with the [[Kalaimamani]] in 1978, the [[List of Padma Shri award recipients (1990–1999)|Padma Shri]] in 1990, the [[List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (2010–2019)|Padma Bhushan]] in 2014, and the [[List of members of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Order of Arts and Letters]] (''Chevalier'') by the [[Government of France]] in 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=&lt;!--staff writer--&gt;|date=22 August 2016|title=Tamil film actor Sivaji Ganesan Dead Kamal Haasan to get prestigious French honour|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/kamal-haasan-to-be-conferred-frances-chevalier-honour/article9014634.ece|url-status=live|access-date=22 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821152327/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/kamal-haasan-to-be-conferred-frances-chevalier-honour/article9014634.ece|archive-date=21 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was invited by the [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] in 2025 to become a member of its actors' branch, for being one of the &quot;exceptionally talented individuals having made indelible contributions to global filmmaking community.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-06-26 |title=THE ACADEMY INVITES 534 TO MEMBERSHIP |url=https://press.oscars.org/news/academy-invites-534-membership |website=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |quote=Through their commitment to filmmaking and to the greater movie industry, these exceptionally talented individuals have made indelible contributions to our global filmmaking community. |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2025 |access-date=27 June 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250627075036/https://press.oscars.org/news/academy-invites-534-membership |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Haasan started his career at the age of 5 in the 1960 Tamil film ''[[Kalathur Kannamma]]'',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2023-01-19 |title=Here's how Kamal Haasan made his debut in 'Kalathur Kannamma' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/heres-how-kamal-haasan-made-his-debut-in-kalathur-kannamma/articleshow/97131669.cms |access-date=2025-04-30 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=4 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204232843/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/heres-how-kamal-haasan-made-his-debut-in-kalathur-kannamma/articleshow/97131669.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; which earned him the [[National Film Award for Best Child Artist|National Award for Best Child Artist]].{{efn|The award for best acting was given out as a [[Rashtrapati Award]] (President's Gold Medal) until the 14th National Film Awards ceremony held in 1967, when the National Awards were called as the &quot;State Awards for Films&quot;. They were renamed to the current [[National Film Awards]] from the 15th National Film Awards ceremony held in 1968.&lt;ref name=&quot;hindustantimes.com&quot;/&gt;}} After playing a few supporting roles, he progressed to lead role in the 1974 Malayalam film ''[[Kanyakumari (film)|Kanyakumari]]'', for which he won his first [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam|Filmfare Award for Best Actor]]. He then earned three [[National Film Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role|National Awards for Best Actor]] for ''[[Moondram Pirai]]'' (1982), ''[[Nayakan]]'' (1987) and ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]'' (1996). Haasan has won 21 Filmfare Awards in total, the most for any actor.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-10-06 |title=A true Ulaganayagan (Global Hero) and a cinematic pioneer! |url=https://x.com/filmfare/status/1975135786283475182 |quote=With 20 Filmfare Awards to his name, Kamal Haasan stands alone, holding the record for the most Filmfare Awards won by any actor in Indian cinema! This staggering record, which includes the most Filmfare Awards for Best Actor, is a proof of his unmatched versatility across Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, and Hindi films. |website=Filmfare magazine on X |access-date=23 November 2025 |archive-date=12 December 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251212061226/https://x.com/filmfare/status/1975135786283475182 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; He holds the record for the most Filmfare Awards for Best Actor, with a total of 18 wins – [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|eleven]] in Tamil, [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|three]] in Telugu, [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam|two]] in Malayalam, [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|one]] in Hindi, and [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada|one]] in Kannada.{{efn|<br /> * Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil:<br /> * 1. ''[[Apoorva Raagangal]]'' (1975)<br /> * 2. ''[[Oru Oodhappu Kan Simittugiradhu]]'' (1976)<br /> * 3. ''[[16 Vayathinile]]'' (1977)<br /> * 4. ''[[Sigappu Rojakkal]]'' (1978)<br /> * 5. ''[[Raja Paarvai]]'' (1981)<br /> * 6. ''[[Gunaa]]'' (1991)<br /> * 7. ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992)<br /> * 8. ''[[Kuruthipunal (film)|Kuruthipunal]]'' (1995)<br /> * 9. ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]'' (1996)<br /> * 10. ''[[Hey Ram]]'' (2000)<br /> * 11. ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]'' (2022)<br /> * Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu:<br /> * 1. ''[[Varumayin Niram Sivappu|Aakali Rajyam]]'' (1981)<br /> * 2. ''[[Sagara Sangamam]]'' (1983)<br /> * 3. ''[[Indrudu Chandrudu]]'' (1989)<br /> * Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam:<br /> * 1. ''[[Kanyakumari (film)|Kanyakumari]]'' (1974)<br /> * 2. ''[[Eeta]]'' (1978)<br /> * Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Hindi:<br /> * ''[[Saagar (film)|Saagar]]'' (1985)<br /> * Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada:<br /> * ''[[Pushpaka Vimana (1987 film)|Pushpaka Vimana]]'' (1987)}} He has been nominated for 64 Filmfare Awards, the most for any actor.{{efn|<br /> * 35 nominations for Best Actor – Tamil<br /> * 10 nominations for Best Film – Tamil<br /> * 2 nominations for Best Director – Tamil<br /> * 1 nomination for Best Playback Singer– Tamil<br /> * 7 nominations for Best Actor – Telugu<br /> * 4 nominations for Best Actor – Hindi<br /> * 1 nomination for Best Story – Hindi<br /> * 1 nomination for Best Supporting Actor – Hindi<br /> * 2 wins for Best Actor – Malayalam<br /> * 1 win for Best Actor – Kannada}} He also holds the record for the most Filmfare Award nominations for acting, with 50 nominations. He is the only actor who has won Filmfare Awards across five different languages. He won his 18th [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Filmfare Award for Best Actor]] for ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]'' (2022).{{efn|Though Haasan wrote a letter to the Filmfare magazine asking them to not give him any more awards after his win for ''[[Hey Ram]]'' (2000),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-11-07 |title=Kamal Haasan Birthday: From Being the First Choice for Robot to Most Number of Filmfare Awards, Here Are Some Surprising Facts about the Actor |url=https://www.latestly.com/entertainment/south/kamal-haasan-birthday-from-being-the-first-choice-for-robot-to-most-number-of-filmfare-awards-here-are-some-surprising-facts-about-the-actor-1318834.html/ |website=LatestLY |access-date=14 August 2025 |archive-date=5 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905143714/https://www.latestly.com/entertainment/south/kamal-haasan-birthday-from-being-the-first-choice-for-robot-to-most-number-of-filmfare-awards-here-are-some-surprising-facts-about-the-actor-1318834.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; he won his 18th Filmfare Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role (Male) and his 20th Filmfare Award overall for ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]'' (2022) at the 68th Filmfare Awards South 2023 - Tamil.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=68th Filmfare Awards South 2023 |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2023/tamil/winners |website=Filmfare |access-date=15 August 2025 |archive-date=14 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250214094228/https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2023/tamil/winners |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Besides several acting awards for his acclaimed performances,{{efn|<br /> * Films for which Haasan won other acting awards (other than National Award and Filmfare Award):<br /> * 1. For ''[[Varumayin Niram Sivappu]]'' (1980), Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor<br /> * 2. For ''[[Swathi Muthyam]]'' (1986), Asia-Pacific Film Festival Award for Best Actor, Nandi Award for Best Actor<br /> * 3. For ''[[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]]'' (1989), Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor<br /> * 4. For ''[[Chanakyan]]'' (1989), Cinema Express Award for Best Actor – Malayalam<br /> * 5. For ''[[Michael Madana Kama Rajan]]'' (1990), Cinema Express Award for Best Actor – Tamil<br /> * 6. For ''[[Chachi 420]]'' (1997), Zee Cine Award for Best Actor in a Comic Role<br /> * 7. For ''[[Pammal K. Sambandam]]'' (2002), V Shantaram Award for Best Actor – Tamil<br /> * 8. For ''[[Anbe Sivam]]'' (2003), Southern India Cinematographers Association Award for Best Actor<br /> * 9. For ''[[Vettaiyaadu Vilaiyaadu]]'' (2006), Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor, Film Fans' Association Award for Best Actor<br /> * 10. For ''[[Dasavathaaram]]'' (2008), Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor, Ananda Vikatan Cinema Award for Best Actor, Vijay Awards for Best Comedian, Best Villain and Favourite Hero, Film Fans' Association Award for Best Actor<br /> * 11. For ''[[Vishwaroopam]]'' (2013), Vijay Award for Best Actor, Behindwoods Gold Medal Award for Legendary Performance as Actor<br /> * 12. For ''[[Uttama Villain]]'' (2015), Los Angeles Independent Film Festival (LAIFF) Award for Best Actor, MGR-SIVAJI Academy Award for Best Actor<br /> * 13. For ''[[Papanasam (film)|Papanasam]]'' (2015), MGR-SIVAJI Academy Award for Best Actor<br /> * 14. For ''[[Thoongaa Vanam]]'' (2015), MGR-SIVAJI Academy Award for Best Actor<br /> * 15. For ''[[Kalki 2898 AD]]'' (2024), South Indian International Movie Award (SIIMA) for Best Actor in a Negative Role – Telugu}} he has won many other cinematic awards for producing, directing, screenwriting, singing, lyric writing, choreographing and dancing.{{efn|<br /> * Films for which Haasan won other cinematic awards (other than acting awards):<br /> * 1. For ''[[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]]'' (1989), Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil and Cinema Express Award for Best Film – Tamil<br /> * 2. For ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992), National Film Award for Best Tamil Feature Film, Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Feature Film (Second Prize) and Cinema Express Award for Best Film – Tamil<br /> * 3. For ''[[Kuruthipunal (film)|Kuruthipunal]]'' (1995), Cinema Express Award for Best Film – Tamil<br /> * 4. For ''[[Virasat (1997 film)|Virasat]]'' (1997), Filmfare Award for Best Story – Hindi and Screen Award for Best Story<br /> * 5. For ''[[Hey Ram]]'' (2000), Bengal Film Journalists' Association Award for Most Outstanding Work of the Year<br /> * 6. For ''[[Virumaandi]]'' (2004), Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival (PiFan) Best Asian Film Award<br /> * 7. For ''[[Dasavathaaram]]'' (2008), Ananda Vikatan Cinema Award for Best Screenplay, Vijay Awards for Best Story, Screenplay Writer and Best Dialogue Writer<br /> * 8. For ''[[Manmadan Ambu]]'' (2010), Vijay Music Awards for Best Lyricist and Best Song sung by an Actor (Song: Neela Vaanam)<br /> * 9. For ''[[Vishwaroopam]]'' (2013), Vijay Award for Favourite Director, Behindwoods Gold Medal Award for Legendary Performance as Director, Writer, Producer and Singer, Jagran Film Festival Special Jury Award for raising the bar of mainstream Indian cinema to International level<br /> * 10. For ''[[Uttama Villain]]'' (2015), Los Angeles Independent Film Festival (LAIFF) Awards for Best Picture, Best Produced Screenplay and Best Original Song (Song: Iraniyan Naadagam), Behindwoods Gold Medal Award for Best Song Choreographer<br /> * 11. For ''[[Thoongaa Vanam]]'' (2015), MGR-SIVAJI Academy Award for Best Film<br /> * 12. For ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]'' (2022), South Indian International Movie Award (SIIMA) for Best Playback Singer (Male) – Tamil (Song: Pathala Pathala), Osaka Tamil International Film Festival Award for Best Tamil Film<br /> * 13. For ''[[Amaran (2024 film)|Amaran]]'' (2024), Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil, South Indian International Movie Award (SIIMA) for Best Film – Tamil, Chennai International Film Festival Award for Best Tamil Feature Film<br /> * 14. Haasan has also received the [[Big FM Tamil Entertainment Awards|Big FM Tamil Entertainment Award]] for Best Bharatanatyam Dancer}} Haasan is also distinguished for starring in the highest number of films submitted by India for [[Academy Award for Best International Feature Film|Best International Feature Film]] at the [[Academy Awards]], with seven films – ''[[Saagar (film)|Saagar]]'' (1985), ''[[Swathi Muthyam]]'' (1986), ''[[Nayakan]]'' (1987), ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992), ''[[Kuruthipunal (film)|Kuruthipunal]]'' (1995), ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]'' (1996), and ''[[Hey Ram]]'' (2000) which he directed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2021-12-29 |title=Kamal Haasan Films Top The List of Oscar Submissions From India |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/kamal-haasan-films-top-the-list-of-oscar-submissions-from-india-4605548.html |quote=Kamal Haasan enjoys the rare feat of the highest number of films featuring him being sent to Oscars from India. |website=News18 |archive-date=25 August 2025 |access-date=16 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250825180429/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/kamal-haasan-films-top-the-list-of-oscar-submissions-from-india-4605548.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; He has won [[List of awards and nominations received by Kamal Haasan#Film Festival Awards|many awards]] at various international film festivals,{{efn|<br /> * Haasan's films that were screened at film festivals in countries other than India:<br /> * 1. ''[[Sagara Sangamam]]'' (1983) – Asia-Pacific Film Festival, Moscow International Film Festival<br /> * 2. ''[[Swathi Muthyam]]'' (1986) – Asia-Pacific Film Festival, Moscow International Film Festival<br /> * 3. ''[[Nayakan]]'' (1987) – International Film Festival Rotterdam<br /> * 4. ''[[Pushpaka Vimana (1987 film)|Pushpaka Vimana]]'' (1987) – Cannes Film Festival, International Film Festival Rotterdam, Shanghai International Film Festival<br /> * 5. ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992) – International Film Festival Rotterdam, Toronto International Film Festival<br /> * 6. ''[[Mahanadhi (1994 film)|Mahanadhi]]'' (1994) – International Film Festival Rotterdam<br /> * 7. ''[[Kuruthipunal (film)|Kuruthipunal]]'' (1995) – International Film Festival Rotterdam<br /> * 8. ''[[Hey Ram]]'' (2000) – International Film Festival Rotterdam, Toronto International Film Festival, Locarno Film Festival<br /> * 9. ''[[Aalavandhan]]'' (2001) – Fantastic Fest<br /> * 10. ''[[Virumaandi]]'' (2004) – International Film Festival Rotterdam, Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival (PiFan)<br /> * 11. ''[[Vishwaroopam]]'' (2013) – India International Film Festival of Tampa Bay<br /> * 12. ''[[Uttama Villain]]'' (2015) – Los Angeles Independent Film Festival (LAIFF)<br /> * 13. ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]'' (2022) – Busan International Film Festival, Osaka Tamil International Film Festival<br /> * 14. ''[[Kalki 2898 AD]]'' (2024) – Busan International Film Festival}} including the inaugural Best Asian Film Award for his directorial feature ''[[Virumaandi]]'' (2004) at the [[Bucheon International Fantastic Film Festival]], [[South Korea]].{{efn|The European jury of eminent filmmakers said, &quot;''[[Virumaandi]]'' successfully manages to combine social and political drama, romance, humour, musical and spectacular action in one story of epic proportions. All the more impressive is the fact that it has been written, produced and directed by one man who also plays the lead role. It is a film that should easily appeal to audiences from all over the world.&quot; [[:nl:Jan Doense|Jan Doense]], filmmaker and a member of the jury gave the award to Haasan and said, &quot;Astounding&quot;, even as he appreciated the ethnicity of the film.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=2004-07-30 |title= Award, accolade and much more ... |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2004/07/30/stories/2004073001610100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125134302/http://hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2004/07/30/stories/2004073001610100.htm |archive-date=25 November 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}} ''[[Uttama Villain]]'' (2015) won six awards, including four for Haasan – Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Screenplay and Best Song – at the Los Angeles Independent Film Festival, [[United States]]. His production company [[Raaj Kamal Films International]] has produced many of his films, including ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992) which won him the [[National Film Award for Best Tamil Feature Film|National Award for Best Tamil Film]], and ''[[Amaran (2024 film)|Amaran]]'' (2024) for which he won his 21st [[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil|Filmfare Award]] overall.<br /> <br /> Haasan's portrayal of an innocent man in ''[[Mahanadhi (1994 film)|Mahanadhi]]'' (1994), was selected by [[Forbes India]] as one of the 25 greatest acting performances of Indian cinema.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-04-27 |title=25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/100-years-of-indian-cinema/25-greatest-acting-performances-of-indian-cinema/35125/0 |website=Forbes India |access-date=25 August 2025 |archive-date=26 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026022021/https://www.forbesindia.com/article/100-years-of-indian-cinema/25-greatest-acting-performances-of-indian-cinema/35125/0 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Hindustan Times]] hailed him as &quot;A polymath in the truest sense, Kamal has given silver jubilee films{{efn|A silver jubilee film is a movie that ran continuously in theatres for 25 consecutive weeks without any interruptions.}} in five languages. If there's one Indian actor who is a one-man industry in himself, it's Kamal Haasan.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-11-07 |title=Happy Birthday Kamal Haasan: Ten lesser known facts about the legend as he turns 65 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/happy-birthday-kamal-haasan-ten-lesser-known-facts-about-the-legend-as-he-turns-65/story-atCTXSYuOCMdO15wy869FK.html |website=Hindustan Times |access-date=13 August 2025 |archive-date=3 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103171022/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/happy-birthday-kamal-haasan-ten-lesser-known-facts-about-the-legend-as-he-turns-65/story-atCTXSYuOCMdO15wy869FK.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; He was honoured with the French honour, [[:fr:Prix Henri-Langlois|Henri Langlois Prize]] in 2016 and [[P. Jairaj|Paidipati Jairaj Award]] in 2026, for his outstanding contributions to international cinema and Indian cinema respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |title=Chiranjeevi and Kamal Haasan Get Special Honours At Telangana Gaddar Film Awards |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/insight/chiranjeevi-and-kamal-haasan-get-special-honours-at-telangana-gaddar-film-awards |magazine=The Hollywood Reporter India |date=2026-03-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; He received the first Golden Beaver Award at the 2025 Indian Film Festival of [[Alberta]], [[Canada]], for &quot;transforming cinema — bridging cultures, breaking barriers, and inspiring audiences worldwide.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;2025IFFA&quot;/&gt; He was awarded the &quot;Original Pan-India Superstar&quot; Special Award at the 2022 [[10th South Indian International Movie Awards|South Indian International Movie Awards]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=SIIMA 2022 Winners |url=https://siima.in/awards-2022 |website=South Indian International Movie Awards (SIIMA)}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Directorate of Film Festivals]] organised a three-day &quot;Kamal Haasan Film Festival&quot; from 2 to 4 July 2010,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2010-06-29 |title=Kamal Haasan film festival in New Delhi |url=https://www.chitramala.in/kamal-haasan-film-festival-in-new-delhi-120791.html |website=Chitramala |access-date=19 August 2025 |archive-date=25 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250825011505/https://www.chitramala.in/kamal-haasan-film-festival-in-new-delhi-120791.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; and showcased seven of his best films – ''[[Sagara Sangamam]]'' (1983), ''[[Nayakan]]'' (1987), ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (1992), ''[[Hey Ram]]'' (2000), ''[[Anbe Sivam]]'' (2003), ''[[Virumaandi]]'' (2004), and ''[[Dasavathaaram]]'' (2008) in which he played ten distinct roles. ''[[Nayakan]]'' (1987) was chosen as one of the 100 greatest films of all time by the American magazine [[Time (magazine)|TIME]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=2005-02-12 |title=All-TIME 100 Movies |url=https://entertainment.time.com/2005/02/12/all-time-100-movies/slide/all/ |magazine=TIME |access-date=17 November 2024 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011659/https://entertainment.time.com/2005/02/12/all-time-100-movies/slide/all/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Anbe Sivam]]'' (2003) was selected as one of the 25 best Indian movies of the 21st century by [[The Hollywood Reporter India]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=2025-11-10 |title=THR India's 25 in 25: The Best Indian Movies of the 21st Century |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/insight/the-best-indian-movies-of-the-21st-century |magazine=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=16 November 2025 |archive-date=15 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251115030120/https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/insight/the-best-indian-movies-of-the-21st-century |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Haasan received the [[CNN-News18 Indian of the Year#Special awards|CNN-IBN Indian of the Year Special Award]], from the [[Prime Minister of India]], [[Manmohan Singh]], for completing 50 years in cinema in 2009. He was named one of the 50 most powerful Indians by [[India Today]] in 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-04-14 |title=50 power people: Presenting the definitive list of India's 50 most powerful. |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20170424-india-today-top-50-powerful-indians-mukesh-ambani-ratan-tata-kumar-mangalam-birla-gautam-adani-anand-mahindra-srk-amitabh-bacchan-986203-2017-04-14 |quote=Because his 58-year-long association with the industry as actor, screenwriter, director and producer enables him today to experiment and innovate with remarkable ease. |website=India Today |access-date=19 August 2025 |archive-date=23 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123004222/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20170424-india-today-top-50-powerful-indians-mukesh-ambani-ratan-tata-kumar-mangalam-birla-gautam-adani-anand-mahindra-srk-amitabh-bacchan-986203-2017-04-14 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; He has been conferred two [[Honorary Doctorates]], one by [[Sathyabama University]] in 2005, one by [[Centurion University]] in 2019. He received the first [[Abraham Kovoor#Legacy|A. T. Kovoor National Award for the Secular Artist]] in 2005, in acknowledgment of his humanist and philanthropic activities.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AWARD |url=https://thehinduimages.com/details-page.php?id=4356114 |website=The Hindu |access-date=15 August 2025 |archive-date=26 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250826101147/https://thehinduimages.com/details-page.php?id=4356114 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; He was the first Tamil actor to convert his fan clubs into welfare associations, and has been consistently involved in many social services, including donating food and medicines to the needy, helping with children's education, and promoting blood and organ donation.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2011-11-07 |title=Kamal Haasan on a noble cause |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/movie-details/news-interviews/kamal-haasan-on-a-noble-cause/articleshow/10617254.cms |website=Times of India |access-date=15 August 2025 |archive-date=30 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250830000037/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/movie-details/news-interviews/kamal-haasan-on-a-noble-cause/articleshow/10617254.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; He was appointed an ambassador by the [[United Nations]] in 2007, for its joint campaign with the Tamil Nadu State AIDS Control Society to protect the rights of people living with [[HIV]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2007-11-29 |title=Kamal to be ambassador for rights of HIV infected |url=https://www.oneindia.com/2007/11/29/kamal-to-be-ambassador-for-rights-of-hiv-infected-1196358830.html |website=OneIndia}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 21 February 2018, Haasan launched a political party, [[Makkal Needhi Maiam]] (lit. People's Justice Centre).&lt;ref name=&quot;political&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/live-updates-kamal-haasan-political-party-launch/liveblog/63007615.cms|title=Kamal Haasan Live: The six hands in my flag stands for the six south Indian states|website=The Times of India|date=21 February 2018 |access-date=19 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629192438/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/live-updates-kamal-haasan-political-party-launch/liveblog/63007615.cms|archive-date=29 June 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 25 July 2025, he took oath as a member of [[Rajya Sabha]] (Council of States), the upper house of the [[Parliament of India]].<br /> <br /> ==Early life and family==<br /> {{Main|List of South Indian film families#Haasan_family{{!}}Haasan-Ratnam family}}<br /> Kamal Haasan was born on 7 November 1954 in [[Paramakudi]] into a Tamil Brahmin [[Thengalai Iyengar]] family, to D. Srinivasan Iyengar, who was a lawyer and freedom fighter,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=7 November 2019 |title=Actor Kamal Haasan unveils bust of freedom fighter father D. Seenivasan in Thelichathanallur |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/actor-kamal-haasan-unveils-bust-of-freedom-fighter-father-d-seenivasan-in-thelichathanallur/article29908197.ece |access-date=20 June 2020 |archive-date=21 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621170459/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/actor-kamal-haasan-unveils-bust-of-freedom-fighter-father-d-seenivasan-in-thelichathanallur/article29908197.ece |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; and Rajalakshmi, who was a housewife.&lt;ref name=DT_929&gt;{{cite news|title=வரலாற்றுச்சுவடுகள்&amp;nbsp;– திரைப்ப வரலாறு 929&amp;nbsp;– &quot;உலக நாயகன்&quot; கமல்ஹாசன்|newspaper=[[Daily Thanthi]]|language=ta|date=4 September 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was initially named after Parthasarathy, the presiding deity at the [[Parthasarathy Temple, Chennai]]. His father later changed the name to Kamal Haasan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Yamunan|first=Sruthisagar|title=Despite columnist's gaffe, Kamal Haasan wasn't born Muslim – his original name was Parthasaraty|url=https://scroll.in/reel/832920/despite-columnist-s-gaffe-kamal-haasan-wasn-t-born-muslim-his-original-name-was-parthasaraty|website=Scroll.in|date=27 March 2017 |language=en-US|access-date=9 June 2020|archive-date=8 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608053353/https://scroll.in/reel/832920/despite-columnist-s-gaffe-kamal-haasan-wasn-t-born-muslim-his-original-name-was-parthasaraty|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The reason is that his father had a Muslim friend whose surname was Hassan, who died in the freedom struggle. In memory of his friend, his father named him Kamal Haasan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Satija|first=Garima|title=Born Into A Hindu Brahmin Family, Here's How Kamal Haasan Got His Unusual Name &amp; What It Means|url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/born-into-a-hindu-brahmin-family-heres-how-kamal-haasan-got-his-unusual-name-619799.html|website=indiatimes.com|date=7 November 2023 |language=en-US|access-date=18 November 2025|archive-date=8 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608053353/https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/born-into-a-hindu-brahmin-family-heres-how-kamal-haasan-got-his-unusual-name-619799.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; His brothers, [[Charuhasan]] (born 1931) and [[Chandrahasan]] (1936–2017), have also been actors.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is Kamal Haasan India's next movie star-turned-politician?|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-41411712|publisher=[[BBC]]|year=2017|author=Sudha G Tilak|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723041310/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-41411712|archive-date=23 July 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan's sister, Nalini Haassan (born 1946), is a classical dancer.&lt;ref name=&quot;dance&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=14 August 2014 |title=His classical odyssey |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/kamal-haasan-talks-about-arts-music-and-dance/article6317133.ece |url-status=live |access-date=20 June 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141001023646/http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/kamal-haasan-talks-about-arts-music-and-dance/article6317133.ece |archive-date=1 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; He received his primary education in Paramakudi before moving to Madras (now [[Chennai]]) as his brothers pursued their higher education.&lt;ref name=DT_929/&gt; Haasan continued his education in [[Santhome]], Madras,&lt;ref name=DT_929/&gt; and was attracted towards film and fine arts as encouraged by his father.&lt;ref name=DT_929/&gt;<br /> <br /> == Film career ==<br /> {{main|Kamal Haasan filmography|Kamal Haasan discography}}<br /> <br /> ===1960–1963===<br /> When a physician friend of his mother visited [[A. V. Meiyappan]] (AVM) to treat his wife, she brought Haasan with her.&lt;ref name=&quot;rediff&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=V. S. |first=Srinivasan |title=Chachi comes a-visiting |url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/dec/19chi.htm |work=[[Rediff.com]] |access-date=17 June 2013 |date=19 December 1997 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825004000/http://in.rediff.com/movies/dec/19chi.htm |archive-date=25 August 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Apparently impressed by his demeanor AVM's son, [[M. Saravanan (producer)|M. Saravanan]], recommended him for their production ''[[Kalathur Kannamma]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;DT_929&quot; /&gt; Haasan won the [[Rashtrapati Award]] (President's gold medal) for his performance in ''Kalathur Kannamma'' at age six and starred in five more films as a child. He debuted in the [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam film industry]] with ''[[Kannum Karalum]]'' (1962). Upon his father's encouragement, he joined a repertory company (T. K. S. Nataka Sabha) headed by [[T. K. Shanmugam]].&lt;ref name=&quot;dance&quot; /&gt; In the meanwhile, he continued his education at the [[Hindu Higher Secondary School]] in [[Triplicane]]. His time with the theatre company shaped Haasan's craft and kindled his interest in makeup.&lt;ref name=&quot;Prem Paniker on Kamal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Prem Panicker |year=2003 |title=The Kamal I know&amp;nbsp;– Prem Panicker |work=[[Rediff.com]] |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/2003/nov/08kamal3.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622104459/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2003/nov/08kamal3.htm |archive-date=22 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Reluctant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Gupta, Sekar |year=2010 |title=I'm a reluctant actor |publisher=[[Screen (magazine)|Screen]] |access-date=9 October 2009 |url=http://www.screenindia.com/news/im-a-reluctant-actor/569638/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123051400/http://www.screenindia.com/news/im-a-reluctant-actor/569638/ |archive-date=23 January 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===1970–1975===<br /> <br /> After a seven-year hiatus from films, Haasan returned to the industry as a dance assistant, apprenticing under choreographer Thankappan. During this time, Haasan made brief appearances in some films including a few uncredited roles. His first appearance came in the 1970 film ''[[Maanavan]]'', in which he appeared in a dance sequence. He went on to assist Thankappan in films such as ''[[Annai Velankanni|Annai Velankani]]'' (1971) and ''[[Kasi Yathirai]]'' (1973). In the former he had a supporting role and worked as an assistant director.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Kasi-Yathirai-1973-TAMIL/article16706253.ece |title=Kasi Yathirai (1973) TAMIL |newspaper=The Hindu |date=26 November 2016 |access-date=17 February 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127132031/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Kasi-Yathirai-1973-TAMIL/article16706253.ece |archive-date=27 November 2016 |last1=Guy |first1=Randor }}&lt;/ref&gt; His first full-fledged role came in [[K. Balachander]]'s Tamil film ''[[Arangetram (1973 film)|Arangetram]]'' (1973). Balachander cast him as the antagonist in his ''[[Sollathaan Ninaikkiren]]'' (1973). Haasan went on to do supporting roles in films such as ''[[Gumasthavin Magal]]'' (1974), ''[[Aval Oru Thodar Kathai]]'' (1974) and ''[[Naan Avanillai (1974 film)|Naan Avanillai]]''. The same year, he played his first lead role in the Malayalam film, ''[[Kanyakumari (film)|Kanyakumari]]'', for which he won his [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam|first Filmfare Award]].&lt;ref name=&quot;kamalawards&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2009 |title=Kamal Haasan Awards (till 2000) |publisher=BizHat.com |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://movies.bizhat.com/actors/kamal_hassan_about.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603093905/http://movies.bizhat.com/actors/kamal_hassan_about.php |archive-date= 3 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In Tamil cinema, he had his breakthrough as a lead actor in Balachander's ''[[Apoorva Raagangal]]''. He played a rebellious young man who falls in love with an older woman.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/articles/520182/20131107/kamal-haasan-birthday-vishwaroopam-2-trailer-teaser.htm|title=Kamal Haasan Celebrates Birthday Today, 'Vishwaroopam 2' Actor Turns 59|work=International Business Times|date=11 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111192221/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/articles/520182/20131107/kamal-haasan-birthday-vishwaroopam-2-trailer-teaser.htm |archive-date=11 November 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; For this character portrayal, Haasan learned to play the [[mridangam]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/nov/08sd4.htm|title=The Kamal Haasan phenomenon|work=Rediff|date=8 November 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022170646/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/nov/08sd4.htm |archive-date=22 October 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The role won him his second Filmfare Award.&lt;ref name=&quot;balachandar&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Padmanabhan, Mukund|year=1997|title=We are capable of making films for people worldwide|access-date=19 October 2009|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19970518/13850423.html}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===1976–1979===<br /> In 1976, Haasan appeared in Balachander's ''[[Manmadha Leelai (1976 film)|Manmadha Leelai]]''; this was followed by ''[[Oru Oodhappu Kan Simittugiradhu]]'' (directed by [[S. P. Muthuraman]]), which won him his third Filmfare Award. Haasan later appeared in the Balachander drama ''[[Moondru Mudichu]]''. ''[[Avargal]]'' (1977) concerned the women's movement and, for this role, he learned [[ventriloquism]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal top 10 - 1997&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=1997|title=Kamal hasan's significant ten|publisher=[[Screen India]]|access-date=22 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604024413/http://www.screenindia.com/old/dec19/cover2.htm|archive-date=4 June 2009 |url=http://www.screenindia.com/old/dec19/cover2.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt; It was remade in Telugu as ''[[Idi Katha Kaadu]]'' (1979), with Haasan reprising his role. ''[[16 Vayathinile]]'', in which he played a village bumpkin, which won him a fourth consecutive Best Actor award. In 1977 Haasan starred in his first Kannada film, ''[[Kokila (1977 film)|Kokila]]'', the directorial debut of friend and mentor [[Balu Mahendra]]. That year he also appeared in a Bengali film, ''[[Kabita]]'', a remake of the Tamil film ''[[Aval Oru Thodar Kathai]]''. In 1978 Haasan made his [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film debut with a lead role in the cross-cultural romantic ''[[Maro Charitra]]'', directed by Balachander. His fifth consecutive Filmfare Award resulted from ''[[Sigappu Rojakkal]]'', a thriller in which he played a psychopathic sexual killer. He appeared in the Malayalam film ''[[Eeta]]'', for which he won his sixth Filmfare Award. He first played opposite to the [[Sridevi]] in the 1977 Malayalam movie ''[[Satyavan Savithri]]'' directed by [[P.G. Viswambharan]], this combination was later on well-accepted and celebrated. In the 1979 Telugu film ''[[Sommokadidi Sokokadidi]]'', Haasan played two parts. This was also his first collaboration with director [[Singeetam Srinivasa Rao]]. He appeared in the musical ''[[Ninaithale Inikkum (1979 film)|Ninaithale Inikkum]]'', a snake-horror film ''[[Neeya?|Neeya]]'' and ''[[Kalyanaraman (1979 film)|Kalyanaraman]]''. At the end of the 1970s he had six regional Best Actor [[Filmfare Awards South|Filmfare Awards]], including four consecutive [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Best Tamil Actor Awards]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}<br /> <br /> ===1980–1989===<br /> Haasan's films during the 1980s included the 1980 Tamil-language ''[[Varumayin Niram Sivappu]]'', the film was simultaneously shot in Telugu as ''Aakali Rajyam'', in which he played an unemployed youth and earned him a first [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Filmfare Award]] in Telugu. In 1980 he appeared in the drama film ''[[Ullasa Paravaigal]]'', ''[[Guru (1980 film)|Guru]]'' and ''[[Maria My Darling]]''. Haasan made his debut in Hindi cinema with ''[[Ek Duuje Ke Liye]]'' (1981), the remake of his own acted [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language film ''[[Maro Charitra]]'' directed by K. Balachander (which earned him his first Filmfare Hindi-language nomination). He made his 100th film appearance in 1981 in ''[[Raja Paarvai]]'', debuting as a producer. Despite the film's relatively poor box-office performance, his portrayal of a blind session violinist earned him a [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Filmfare Award]].&lt;ref name=&quot;rajapaarvai&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=K. Jeshi |year=2004 |title=No stopping him |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2004092703100301.htm&amp;date=2004/09/27/&amp;prd=mp&amp; |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110425024127/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2004092703100301.htm&amp;date=2004%2F09%2F27%2F&amp;prd=mp&amp; |archive-date=25 April 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; After a year of starring in commercial films, Haasan won the first of three [[National Film Award for Best Actor|National Awards for Best Actor]] for his portrayal of a schoolteacher caring for an amnesia patient in [[Balu Mahendra]]'s ''[[Moondram Pirai]]'', later reprising his role in the Hindi version, ''[[Sadma]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;kamalawards&quot;/&gt; During this period he focused on Bollywood remakes of his Tamil films, including ''[[Yeh To Kamaal Ho Gaya]]'' and ''[[Zara Si Zindagi]]''. In 1983 he appeared in ''[[Sagara Sangamam]]'', directed by [[K. Viswanath]]. His portrayal of an alcoholic classical dancer won him his first [[Nandi Award for Best Actor]] and his second [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Filmfare Best Telugu Actor Award]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}<br /> <br /> After 1984's multistarrer ''[[Raaj Tilak]]'', Haasan appeared in ''[[Saagar (film)|Saagar]]'' (released 1985), winning the [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|Filmfare Best Actor Award]] and nominated for the [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]] award. The film was [[List of Indian submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film|India's representative for the Best Foreign Language Oscar]] in 1985.&lt;ref name=&quot;kamalawards&quot;/&gt; He left [[Bollywood]] temporarily after ''[[Geraftaar]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/15-films-to-thank-kamal-haasan-for/story-CETAGjpPsatwGhHZDbuoZJ.html |title=15 films to thank Kamal Haasan for |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=30 November 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151204200929/http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/15-films-to-thank-kamal-haasan-for/story-CETAGjpPsatwGhHZDbuoZJ.html |archive-date= 4 December 2015 |date=6 November 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and ''[[Dekha Pyar Tumhara]]'' to feature in Japanil Kalyanaraman (a sequel to his 1979 Kalyanaraman).<br /> <br /> In 1986, Haasan produced the technically brilliant ''[[Vikram (1986 Tamil film)|Vikram]]'' and collaborated with [[A. Kodandarami Reddy|Kodandarami Reddy]] for ''[[Oka Radha Iddaru Krishnulu]]'' and then [[K. Viswanath]] in ''[[Swathi Muthyam]]'', playing a cognitively disabled person who tries to change society and won him his second [[Nandi Award for Best Actor]]. it was India's entry for [[Academy Award for Best International Feature Film|Best Foreign Language Film]] at the [[Academy Awards]] in 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;kamalawards&quot;/&gt; These [[Telugu cinema|Tollywood]] films found him a large audience in Andhra Pradesh, and many of his later Tamil films were dubbed into Telugu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal love&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Following ''[[Punnagai Mannan]]'' (in which he played two roles, including a satire of [[Charlie Chaplin]] as Chaplin Chellappa) and ''[[Kadhal Parisu]]'', Haasan appeared in [[Mani Ratnam]]'s 1987 film ''[[Nayakan]]''. He received his second [[National Film Awards|Indian National Award]] for his performance; ''Nayakan'' was submitted by India as its entry for Best Foreign Language Film at the 1987 [[Academy Awards]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=List of Indian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film |url=http://www.filmfed.org/indian-submission2.html |website=[[Film Federation of India]] |pages=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206030830/http://www.filmfed.org/indian-submission2.html |archive-date=6 December 2013 |access-date=23 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; and is on the [[Time's All-Time 100 Movies]] list.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://entertainment.time.com/2005/02/12/all-time-100-movies/slide/all/ |title=All-TIME 100 Movies |date=12 February 2005 |magazine=Time |access-date=5 October 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140717165334/http://entertainment.time.com/2005/02/12/all-time-100-movies/slide/all/ |archive-date=17 July 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan appeared in his only [[sound film|dialogueless film]] to date: ''[[Pushpaka Vimana (1987 film)|Pushpaka Vimana]]'' (1987) a [[black comedy]] film, in which he played an unemployed youth and earned him a first [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada|Filmfare Award]] in Kannada.&lt;ref name=&quot;kamalawards&quot;/&gt; In 1988 he appeared ''[[Unnal Mudiyum Thambi]]'', Malayalam film ''[[Daisy (1988 film)|Daisy]]'' and ''[[Sathyaa]]'' which were his own productions. Haasan's all four films of 1989 were major success, ''[[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]]'', where he played a dwarf,&lt;ref name=&quot;kamalawards&quot;/&gt; then ''[[Chanakyan]]'', an original [[Malayalam]] film, later ''[[Vettri Vizhaa]]'' (where he played an amnesiac) and finally Haasan played two parts in ''[[Indrudu Chandrudu]]'', winning the [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Filmfare Best Actor]] and won him his third [[Nandi Award for Best Actor]] for his performance. By the end of the 1980s Haasan was successful in the Malayalam, Kannada, Telugu and Hindi film industries, with Filmfare Awards in each industry and two national awards.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal love&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=BVS Prakash|title=I'm capable of love: Kamal Haasan|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=22 January 2011|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/im-capable-of-love-kamal-haasan/articleshow/6920520.cms|date=14 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602083520/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Im-capable-of-love-Kamal-Kamal/articleshow/6920520.cms|archive-date=2 June 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/2001/mar/15kamal.htm |title=Focus on a Filmmaker |access-date=22 January 2011 |date=8 November 2002 |publisher=Rediff.com Courtesy. Stardust |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622102052/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2001/mar/15kamal.htm |archive-date=22 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Meghna George |year=2010 |title=Kamal Haasan's special place in the Malayali heart |work=Rediff.com |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://movies.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/aug/03/slide-show-1-south-malayalam-snippets.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101113125727/http://movies.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/aug/03/slide-show-1-south-malayalam-snippets.htm |archive-date=13 November 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===1990–1998===<br /> In 1990, ''[[Michael Madana Kama Rajan]]'' saw Haasan build on ''[[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]]'' by playing quadruplets. It began as a collaboration with writer [[Crazy Mohan]] for future comedy films.&lt;ref name=&quot;crazym&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Adhiraj, Vijay |title=Each medium has its own USP |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/07/22/stories/2004072200740200.htm |date=22 July 2004 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629024758/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/07/22/stories/2004072200740200.htm |archive-date=29 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan won successive [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Best Actor awards]] for his portrayal of deranged, obsessive protagonists in ''[[Guna (film)|Gunaa]]'' and ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' (which was remade in Hindi as 1997's ''[[Virasat (1997 film)|Virasat]]''). He was credited with the story for the latter. Haasan won his third [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil|National Film Award]] this time as a producer for ''Thevar Magan''. The film was India's submission for the [[Academy Awards]] that year. A series of films followed: ''[[Singaravelan]]'', ''[[Maharasan]]'', ''[[Kalaignan]]'', ''[[Mahanadhi (1994 film)|Mahanadhi]]'', ''[[Nammavar]]'', and ''[[Sathi Leelavathi (1995 film)|Sathi Leelavathi]]'' Produced by Haasan, it featured himself alongside [[Kannada cinema|Kannada]] actor [[Ramesh Aravind]] and comedian [[Kovai Sarala]]. Haasan resumed his collaboration with [[K. Viswanath]] in the Telugu film, ''[[Subha Sankalpam]]'', and starred in the police story ''[[Kuruthipunal (film)|Kuruthipunal]]'' (Tamil) simultaneously shot in Telugu as ''Drohi'' with [[Arjun Sarja]] and won [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Filmfare Best Actor]]. Haasan's success in the latter was followed by his third [[National Film Award for Best Actor]] for ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;natawards&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=1997 |title=Kamal Haasan, Tabu win national awards |work=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19970507/12750533.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026070153/http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19970507/12750533.html |archive-date=26 October 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan also won [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor]] and [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Filmfare Best Actor]] for ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]''. The film was India's submission for the [[Academy Awards]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.koimoi.com/actor/kamal-haasan/ |title=Kamal Haasan's Biography |publisher=Koimoi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503015037/http://www.koimoi.com/actor/kamal-haasan/ |archive-date=3 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> After ''Indian'', Haasan played a woman in the comedy ''[[Avvai Shanmughi]]'', which was inspired by ''[[Mrs. Doubtfire]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;aunty&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=V. S. Srinivasan |year=1998 |title=Aunty vs Chachi |publisher=[[Rediff]] |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/1998/apr/13aunt.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607051305/http://www.rediff.com/movies/1998/apr/13aunt.htm |archive-date= 7 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He chose Shantanu Sheorey to direct the Hindi remake of ''Avvai Shanmughi'', ''[[Chachi 420]]'',&lt;ref name=&quot;Chachi&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Suparn Verma |year=1997 |title=Kamal Hasan returns to Bollywood |publisher=[[Rediff]] |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.rediff.com/entertai/apr/04kamal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505062356/http://www.rediff.com/entertai/apr/04kamal.htm |archive-date= 5 May 2008 }}&lt;/ref&gt; but after dissatisfaction with five days of shooting Haasan took over as director.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Interview&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=1997 |title=The importance of being Kamal Haasan |publisher=ScreenIndia |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://www.screenindia.com/old/dec19/cover1.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815031452/http://www.screenindia.com/old/dec19/cover1.htm |archive-date=15 August 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;direct&quot;&gt;{{cite web<br /> |author=Deepa Deosthalee<br /> |year=1998<br /> |title=The great Bollywood rip-off<br /> |work=[[The Indian Express]]<br /> |access-date=19 October 2009<br /> |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19980116/01650964.html<br /> |url-status=dead<br /> |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625151352/http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19980116/01650964.html<br /> |archive-date=25 June 2010<br /> }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1997 Haasan began directing an unfinished biopic of [[Dilip Kumar]], ''[[Marudhanayagam]]''; a forty five minutes of film and a trailer was shot.&lt;ref name=&quot;short&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2008 |title='Marudanayagam' resurfaces |website=IndiaGlitz.com |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/36038.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091126123312/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/36038.html |archive-date=26 November 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Marudhanayagam'' was expected to be the biggest, most expensive film in [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]]tic history and his magnum opus; a number of well-known actors and technicians had been signed, and it was launched at a public ceremony by [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth]] during her 1997 visit to India.&lt;ref name=&quot;queen&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=V. S. Srinivasan |year=1998 |title=Marudhunayagam, Making of an epic |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/1998/sep/19mar.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607051317/http://www.rediff.com/movies/1998/sep/19mar.htm |archive-date= 7 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Although the film failed to materialise due to budget constraints, Haasan expressed an interest in reviving the project.&lt;ref name=&quot;ambition&quot;&gt;{{cite news<br /> |title=Don't let mediocrity be the standard:Kamal<br /> |work=[[The Times of India]]<br /> |access-date=19 October 2009<br /> |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Bollywood/Dont-let-mediocrity-be-the-standardKamal-/articleshow/4245082.cms<br /> |date=10 March 2009<br /> |url-status=live<br /> |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110125071633/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Bollywood/Dont-let-mediocrity-be-the-standardKamal-/articleshow/4245082.cms<br /> |archive-date=25 January 2011<br /> }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1998, he appeared in [[Singeetam Srinivasa Rao]]'s romantic comedy, ''[[Kaathala Kaathala]]'' opposite [[Prabhu Deva]]. The film was a commercial success and was dubbed in Hindi as ''Mirch Masala'', which was never released.&lt;ref&gt;[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Housefull-a-remake-of-Kaathala-Kaathala/articleshow/5913183.cms Housefull, a remake of Kaathala Kaathala?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130200359/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Housefull-a-remake-of-Kaathala-Kaathala/articleshow/5913183.cms |date=30 November 2024 }} . Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com (11 May 2010). Retrieved 19 May 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===2000–2009===<br /> After a two-year hiatus from [[Indian cinema]], Haasan decided against reviving ''[[Marudhanayagam]]''. He directed his second film, ''[[Hey Ram]]'',&lt;ref name=&quot;Hram&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Hey Ram review |work=Planet Bollywood |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.planetbollywood.com/Film/heyram.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100828180404/http://www.planetbollywood.com/Film/heyram.html |archive-date=28 August 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; a [[Historical drama|period]] drama, told in flashback, with a fact-based plot centering on the [[partition of India]] and the [[assassination of Mahatma Gandhi]]. Haasan produced and choreographed the film, writing its screenplay and lyrics; it was India's submission for the Academy Awards that year.&lt;ref name=&quot;ffg&quot;&gt;{{cite news|year=2001 |title=Wide acclaim for Indian films in US festival |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/wide-acclaim-for-indian-films-in-us-festival/articleshow/33245832.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607154018/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Wide-acclaim-for-Indian-films-in-US-festival-/articleshow/33245832.cms |archive-date= 7 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Hey Ram'' was a box-office failure in India but was successful worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-08-15 |title=#India68: Why Hey Ram is still the best Indian film on Independence |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/india68-why-hey-ram-is-still-the-best-indian-film-on-independence-288416-2015-08-15 |access-date=2025-04-30 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=30 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250430170414/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/india68-why-hey-ram-is-still-the-best-indian-film-on-independence-288416-2015-08-15 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Also in 2000, Haasan appeared in the comedy ''[[Thenali]]'' as a [[Sri Lankan Tamils|Sri Lankan Tamilian]] with [[Posttraumatic stress disorder|PTSD]] who is under a psychiatrist's care. ''Thenali'', starring [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam]] actor [[Jayaram]], was a box-office success. Haasan's next film was 2001's ''[[Aalavandhan]]'', in which he played two roles: For one he had his head shaved and gained ten kilograms. To play the other Army major in ''Aalavandhan'', he went to the [[National Defence Academy (India)|NDA]] for a crash course.&lt;ref name=&quot;madhu&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2003 |title=The Kamal I know&amp;nbsp;– Panicker |work=Rediff.com |access-date=21 January 2011 |url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/2003/nov/08kamal3.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622104459/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2003/nov/08kamal3.htm |archive-date=22 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Hindi version was distributed by Shringar Films.&lt;ref name=&quot;Abhay&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Subhash K Jha |year=2001 |title=Fear becomes him! Getting under Kamal's skin |work=Rediff.com |access-date=24 January 2011 |url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/2001/nov/10kamal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622103322/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2001/nov/10kamal.htm |archive-date=22 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AbhayMusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Vivek Fernandes |year=2001 |title=Abhay sings a fearless tune |access-date=24 January 2011 |url=http://getahead.rediff.com/entertai/2001/aug/25abhay.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715165208/http://getahead.rediff.com/entertai/2001/aug/25abhay.htm |archive-date=15 July 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite pre-release publicity, the film was a commercial failure.&lt;ref name=&quot;lossesss&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=The many faces of success |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2005/09/03/stories/2005090302070300.htm |date=3 September 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081105041257/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2005/09/03/stories/2005090302070300.htm |archive-date= 5 November 2008 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> After a number of successful comedies&lt;ref name=&quot;comedyhit&quot;&gt;{{cite web<br /> |year=2001<br /> |title=Drop in releases<br /> |publisher=Screen India<br /> |access-date=19 October 2009<br /> |url=http://www.screenindia.com/old/20010119/renews.htm<br /> |url-status=dead<br /> |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091005153554/http://www.screenindia.com/old/20010119/renews.htm<br /> |archive-date= 5 October 2009<br /> }}&lt;/ref&gt; including ''[[Pammal K. Sambandam]]'' and ''[[Panchatanthiram]]'' and guest appearances, Haasan directed ''[[Virumaandi]]'', a film about capital punishment which won the Best Asian Film Award at the [[Bucheon International Fantastic Film Festival|Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Virumandi&quot;/&gt; He also appeared in ''[[Anbe Sivam]]'' with [[R. Madhavan|Madhavan]]. [[Priyadarshan]], its original director, left and [[Sundar C]] completed the film. ''Anbe Sivam'' tells the story of Nallasivam, portrayed by Haasan as a communist. His performance was praised by critics, with ''[[The Hindu]]'' saying that he &quot;has once again done Tamil cinema proud&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;anbesivam&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Malathi Rangarajan |year=2003 |title=Anbe Sivam |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/fr/2003/01/17/stories/2003011701310200.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090922070329/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/fr/2003/01/17/stories/2003011701310200.htm |archive-date=22 September 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2004 Haasan appeared in ''[[Vasool Raja MBBS]]'', a remake of [[Bollywood]]'s ''[[Munna Bhai M.B.B.S.]]'', with [[Sneha (actress)|Sneha]] which was a box-office success. The following year, he wrote and starred in the comedy ''[[Mumbai Xpress]]''. Released during [[Tamil New Year]], it was a disappointment at the box office despite positive reviews. He appeared in a Kannada comedy film ''[[Rama Shama Bhama]]'' with [[Ramesh Aravind]]. In 2006 Haasan's long-delayed project, the stylish police story ''[[Vettaiyaadu Vilaiyaadu]]'', was a success. Directed by [[Gautham Vasudev Menon]], the film is about a police officer sent to the US to investigate a series of medical murders. In 2008's ''[[Dasavathaaram]]'', he played ten roles; the film was released in a number of languages (including Tamil, Telugu and Hindi) throughout India and overseas. ''Dasavathaaram'', written by Haasan and director [[K. S. Ravikumar]], is one of the first modern science-fiction films made in India. Starring Haasan and [[Asin]], it was the highest-grossing Tamil film ({{as of|2008|lc=y}}) and his performance was critically praised.&lt;ref name=&quot;thehindu1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/009200904102111.htm |title=Kamal starts remake of 'A Wednesday' |work=The Hindu |date=10 April 2009 |access-date=15 September 2010 |location=Chennai, India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203035536/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/009200904102111.htm |archive-date=3 December 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In Canada, ''Dasavathaaram'' was the first Tamil film distributed by [[Walt Disney Pictures]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/jun-08-01/dasavatharam-07-06-08.html |title=Walt Disney buys Dasavatharam |date=7 June 2008 |access-date=5 January 2014 |website=Behindwoods.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012043950/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/jun-08-01/dasavatharam-07-06-08.html |archive-date=12 October 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> After ''Dasavathaaram'', Haasan directed a film tentatively titled ''Marmayogi'', which stalled after a year of pre-production. He then produced and starred in ''[[Unnaipol Oruvan (2009 film)|Unnaipol Oruvan]]'', a remake of the Bollywood film ''[[A Wednesday!|A Wednesday]]'', where he reprised the role originally played by [[Naseeruddin Shah]] with Malayalam Superstar [[Mohanlal]] playing [[Anupam Kher]]'s role.&lt;ref name=&quot;UPOwriter&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=2009 |title=I was mesmerised by Kamal |publisher=[[Ergo (Indian newspaper)|Ergo]] |access-date=3 May 2012 |url=http://www.goergo.in/?p=4271 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824221135/http://www.goergo.in/?p=4271 |archive-date=24 August 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;UPO&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=2009 |title=Super heroes come together |access-date=3 May 2012 |url=http://www.goergo.in/?p=4134 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824222827/http://www.goergo.in/?p=4134 |archive-date=24 August 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It was released in [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]] as ''Eeenadu'', with [[Venkatesh (actor)|Venkatesh]] reprising the role played by Kher.&lt;ref name=&quot;eenadu review&quot;&gt;[http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/south-telugu-movie-review-eenadu/20090918.htm Review: Eenadu is almost like A Wednesday&amp;nbsp;– Rediff.com Movies] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111150919/http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/south-telugu-movie-review-eenadu/20090918.htm |date=11 November 2013 }}. Rediff.com (18 September 2009). Retrieved 19 May 2015.&lt;/ref&gt; Both versions were critically acclaimed and commercially successful.&lt;ref name=&quot;eenadu review&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ipos&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Ranjib Mazumder |year=2009 |title=Kamal Haasan admits being a player for the market |work=Daily News and Analysis |access-date=19 October 2009 |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_kamal-haasan-admits-being-a-player-for-the-market_1296453 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091012103456/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_kamal-haasan-admits-being-a-player-for-the-market_1296453 |archive-date=12 October 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===2010–2019===<br /> {{See also|Controversial issues surrounding Vishwaroopam}}<br /> [[File:Filming of Vishwaroopam.jpg|thumb|left|Filming of ''Vishwaroopam'']]<br /> Haasan collaborated for the fifth time with Ravikumar in ''[[Manmadan Ambu]]'', for which he also wrote the screenplay. The story concerns a man who hires a detective to find out if his fiancée is cheating on him.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/preview/11967.html |title=Manmadhan Ambu Tamil Movie Preview |website=IndiaGlitz |date=17 December 2010 |access-date=12 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005003902/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/preview/11967.html |archive-date= 5 October 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The film was released in December 2010 to mixed reviews, with ''Behindwoods'' calling it &quot;an entertainer, but in parts&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-2/manmadhan-ambu-movie-review.html |title=Manmadhan Ambu Movie Review |website=Behindwoods |access-date=12 July 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130802154444/http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-2/manmadhan-ambu-movie-review.html |archive-date= 2 August 2013 }}{{Rating|2.5 |5}}&lt;/ref&gt; and ''[[Sify]]'' saying it &quot;lacks the punch to captivate the audiences&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/manmadhan-ambu-lacks-the-punch-tamil-movie-review-rating-news-national-kmzrkfbbbcg.html |title='Manmadhan Ambu' lacks the punch (Tamil Movie Review; Rating:***) |website=[[Sify]] |date=25 December 2010 |access-date=12 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101001730/http://www.sify.com/movies/manmadhan-ambu-lacks-the-punch-tamil-movie-review-rating-news-national-kmzrkfbbbcg.html |archive-date= 1 November 2013 }}{{Rating|3 |5}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Haasan's next film after ''Manmadhan Ambu'' was 2013's ''[[Vishwaroopam]]'', released in Hindi as ''Vishwaroop''. It won two [[National Film Awards]] (Best Production Design and Best Choreography) at the [[60th National Film Awards]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2013/mar/d2013031801.pdf |title=60th National Film Awards Announced |access-date=4 January 2014 |website=[[Press Information Bureau]] |date=18 March 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611113348/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2013/mar/d2013031801.pdf |archive-date=11 June 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Muslim groups in Tamil Nadu demanded the ban of the film and claimed, that the film would hurt Muslim sentiments.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/vishwaroopam-row-ends-kamal-muslim-groups-reach-accord/article4372814.ece|title='Vishwaroopam' row ends; Kamal, Muslim groups reach accord|date=2 February 2013 |access-date=2 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514191634/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/vishwaroopam-row-ends-kamal-muslim-groups-reach-accord/article4372814.ece|archive-date=14 May 2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/No-bad-Muslims-in-Vishwaroopam-cant-paint-terrorists-white-Kamal-Haasan/articleshow/18274576.cms|title=No 'bad Muslims' in 'Vishwaroopam', can't paint terrorists white: Kamal Haasan|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=31 January 2013 |access-date=2 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119033604/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/No-bad-Muslims-in-Vishwaroopam-cant-paint-terrorists-white-Kamal-Haasan/articleshow/18274576.cms|archive-date=19 January 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Although the film was cleared by Central Board of Film Certification of India, district collectors in the state of Tamil Nadu gave orders to the theatre owners to not show ''Vishwaroopam'', citing law and order problems. However, the film was released in other states with greater Muslim populations than in Tamil Nadu. A mutual agreement with the Muslims of Tamil Nadu was finally settled on 2 February 2013, when Haasan accepted to mute five scenes. ''Vishwaroopam'' was the 2nd highest-grossing Tamil film of 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Highest Grossing Tamil Films |url=https://www.imdb.com/list/ls063735794/copy/ |access-date= |website=Reddit |language=en |archive-date=2 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250502090522/https://www.imdb.com/list/ls063735794/copy/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In May 2014, he was appointed as the official Indian delegate to the [[2014 Cannes Film Festival|67th Cannes Film Festival]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Kamal Haasan to lead official Indian delegation to Cannes |work=[[India Today]] |date=14 May 2014 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/cannes-2014/story/kamal-haasan-67th-cannes-international-film-festival-192844-2014-05-14 |access-date=23 June 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517013607/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kamal-haasan-67th-cannes-international-film-festival/1/361714.html |archive-date=17 May 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; As of July 2014, he was working on three films: ''[[Uttama Villain]]'', ''[[Vishwaroopam II]]'', the sequel of ''Vishwaroopam''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title = Vishwaroopam 2 confirmed for jan, 2015|date = January 2015|url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-interviews/Vishwaroopam-2-confirmed-for-Feb-2014/articleshow/26723355.cms|last = Shiva|first = Prasad|work = [[The Times of India]]|access-date = 4 January 2014|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131214180534/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-12-02/news-interviews/44656417_1_vishwaroopam-2-kamal-haasan-pooja-kumar|archive-date = 14 December 2013|url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt; and ''[[Papanasam (film)|Papanasam]]''.&lt;ref&gt;[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Kamal-Haasan-to-start-shooting-for-Drishyam-remake/articleshow/37072105.cms Kamal Haasan to start shooting for Drishyam remake] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130194117/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Kamal-Haasan-to-start-shooting-for-Drishyam-remake/articleshow/37072105.cms |date=30 November 2024 }} . ''[[The Times of India]]''. 23 June 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; After 2 years of Vishwaroopam's release, ''[[Uttama Villain]]'' was released on 2 May 2015 with exceptional critical reviews and on 3 July 2015, ''[[Papanasam (film)|Papanasam]]'' a Tamil remake of Malayalam film ''[[Drishyam]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Papanasam: A faithful remake, a solid thriller|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/papanasam-movie-review/article7383788.ece?topicpage=true&amp;topicId=1282|access-date=29 June 2016|website=[[The Hindu]]|date=5 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602083520/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/papanasam-movie-review/article7383788.ece?topicpage=true&amp;topicId=1282|archive-date=2 June 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; was released with positive reviews and became a huge success&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ibtimes.co.in/papanasam-papanaasam-movie-review-live-audience-response-637920 'Papanasam' (Papanaasam) Movie Review: Live Audience Response] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704045126/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/papanasam-papanaasam-movie-review-live-audience-response-637920 |date= 4 July 2015 }}. Ibtimes.co.in (4 July 2015). Retrieved 14 July 2016.&lt;/ref&gt; followed by the bi-lingual ''[[Thoongaa Vanam]]'' and ''[[Cheekati Rajyam]]'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/kamals-next-titled-thoonga-vanam-tamil-news-132707.html |title=Kamal's next titled 'Thoonga Vanam' |date=14 May 2015 |access-date=15 May 2015 |website=IndiaGlitz |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150516193245/http://www.indiaglitz.com/kamals-next-titled-thoonga-vanam-tamil-news-132707.html |archive-date=16 May 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; both doing moderate business.{{fact|date=March 2026}}<br /> <br /> He was set to reprise his role of Balram Naidu (a [[Telugu people|Telugu]] [[Research and Analysis Wing|RAW]] Officer) from ''Dasavathaaram'' in a spin-off film directed by himself titled ''Sabaash Naidu''. The film was to be made in Tamil, Telugu, and Hindi (as ''Shabhash Kundu''). The film's release date has been delayed owing to Haasan's entry into politics, and he pledged that he would focus on working on ''[[Indian 2]]'' instead.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/official-vishwaroopam-2-and-indian-2-are-the-last-two-films-of-kamal-haasan-news-tamil-scopulabddaci.html|title=Official: 'Vishwaroopam 2' and 'Indian 2' are the last two films of Kamal Haasan|work=Sify|access-date=21 April 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502095940/http://www.sify.com/movies/official-vishwaroopam-2-and-indian-2-are-the-last-two-films-of-kamal-haasan-news-tamil-scopulabddaci.html|archive-date=2 May 2018|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === 2020–present ===<br /> [[File:Kamal Haasan by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|Haasan at [[San Diego Comic-Con]] in 2023]]<br /> On 17 September 2020, Director [[Lokesh Kanagaraj]] announced through his Twitter handle that his next venture will have Kamal Haasan in lead role with [[Anirudh Ravichander|Anirudh]] handling the music with the movie titled as ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]''. It was Kamal Haasan's 232nd film as an actor. It also Stars [[Fahadh Faasil]], [[Vijay Sethupathi]] in the leading roles along with [[Suriya]] makes a cameo appearance in the film.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-232-title-teaser-lokesh-kanagaraj-presents-a-fabulous-gift-to-his-guru/articleshow/79099658.cms|title= 'Kamal Haasan 232' title teaser: Lokesh Kanagaraj presents a fabulous gift to his guru|website= [[The Times of India]]|archive-date= 12 May 2022|access-date= 20 August 2022|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220512141617/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-232-title-teaser-lokesh-kanagaraj-presents-a-fabulous-gift-to-his-guru/articleshow/79099658.cms|url-status= live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film was released on 3 June 2022 and was a huge commercial success grossing an estimated {{INR}}424{{en dash}}500 crore and went on to become the 2nd [[List of Tamil films of 2022#Box office collection|highest-grossing Tamil film of the year]] and third highest-grossing Tamil film of all time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Vikram surpasses Beast Day 2 collection|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/box-office/vikram-box-office-collection-day-8-kamal-haasans-action-entertainer-gets-a-powerful-start-to-the-second-week/articleshow/92140895.cms|website=[[Times of India]]|access-date=5 June 2022|archive-date=15 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615105033/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/box-office/vikram-box-office-collection-day-8-kamal-haasans-action-entertainer-gets-a-powerful-start-to-the-second-week/articleshow/92140895.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The first single of ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]'' titled &quot;[[Pathala Pathala]]&quot; received several million views from Kamal Haasan's fans and was the most viewed song on [[YouTube]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2022/may/12/vikram-complaint-filed-against-kamal-haasans-pathala-pathala-for-taking-on-union-government-31446.html |title=Vikram: Complaint filed against Kamal Haasan's Pathala Pathala for taking on Union Government |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=12 May 2022 |access-date=10 July 2022 |archive-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522172811/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2022/may/12/vikram-complaint-filed-against-kamal-haasans-pathala-pathala-for-taking-on-union-government-31446.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> The song also received praise for Kamal Haasan's dance performances which went viral. Despite facing controversies from the song, it became an instant hit.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/police-complaint-filed-against-kamal-haasans-pathala-pathala-song/articleshow/91534472.cms|title=Police complaint filed against Kamal Haasan's 'Pathala Pathala' song|website=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=22 May 2022|access-date=10 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522095748/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/police-complaint-filed-against-kamal-haasans-pathala-pathala-song/articleshow/91534472.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In August 2022, the filming for ''[[Indian 2]]'' resumed, after a break of almost a year. The film was released on 12 July 2024, to negative reviews from critics and [[Box-office bomb|bombed at the box-office]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='Indian 2' movie review: An extremely boring and painful affair that offers no takeaways |url=https://www.theweek.in/review/movies/2024/07/12/indian-2-movie-review-an-extremely-boring-and-painful-affair-that-offers-no-takeaways.html |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=The Week |language=en |archive-date=24 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250324005957/https://www.theweek.in/review/movies/2024/07/12/indian-2-movie-review-an-extremely-boring-and-painful-affair-that-offers-no-takeaways.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In June 2023, he was cast in ''[[Kalki 2898 AD]]'' as the antagonist, marking his comeback in Telugu cinema. It was the first film in Indian cinema to attend [[San Diego Comic-Con]], in July 2023. Along with the director and producers of the film, [[Nag Ashwin]], [[C. Aswani Dutt]], and [[Swapna Dutt]], he presented the panel of the film with [[Prabhas]] and [[Rana Daggubati]]. In October 2023, he gave a voice-over for his character in ''[[Leo (2023 Indian film)|Leo]]'', the third entry in the [[Lokesh Cinematic Universe|Lokiverse]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last=K | first=Janani | title=Kamal Haasan, Vijay's pic from 'Leo' days go viral and Kamal dubbed for his role in Leo | website=India Today | date=8 November 2023 | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/when-vikram-met-leo-das-kamal-haasan-vijays-pic-from-leo-days-go-viral-2460205-2023-11-08 | access-date=14 November 2023 | archive-date=10 November 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110223828/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/when-vikram-met-leo-das-kamal-haasan-vijays-pic-from-leo-days-go-viral-2460205-2023-11-08 | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; After ''Indian 2'', he will be collaborating with [[H. Vinoth]], for his 233rd film, However the film was shelved due to creative differences.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-next-is-with-director-mahesh-narayanan/articleshow/92000035.cms|title=Kamal Haasan's next is with director Mahesh Narayanan|website=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=7 July 2022|access-date=24 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707231210/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-next-is-with-director-mahesh-narayanan/articleshow/92000035.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-to-join-hands-with-pa-ranjith-for-madurai-based-rural-film-exciting-combo-1950080-2022-05-16|title=Kamal Haasan to join hands with Pa Ranjith for Madurai-based rural film. Exciting combo!|website=India Today|date=16 May 2022|access-date=24 July 2022|archive-date=19 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619021321/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-to-join-hands-with-pa-ranjith-for-madurai-based-rural-film-exciting-combo-1950080-2022-05-16|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Indian 2 shooting to resume only after Vikram and RC15 are wrapped up |work=Times Of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/indian-2-shooting-to-resume-only-after-vikram-and-rc15-are-wrapped-up/articleshow/89748531.cms |access-date=22 February 2022 |archive-date=9 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220309123630/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/indian-2-shooting-to-resume-only-after-vikram-and-rc15-are-wrapped-up/articleshow/89748531.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kamal Haasan's KH233 abruptly shelved - what went wrong? |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/kamal-haasans-kh233-abruptly-shelved-what-went-wrong/53230f625b108 |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=OTTPlay |language=en |archive-date=19 June 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250619050952/https://www.ottplay.com/news/kamal-haasans-kh233-abruptly-shelved-what-went-wrong/53230f625b108 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He has also announced his reunion with Mani Ratnam for his 234th film, entitled ''[[Thug Life (2025 film)|Thug Life]]'', which was released in theatres on 5 June 2025 and received negative reviews and it became a box office bomb.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-20 |title=Thug Life Box Office Collection {{!}} All Language {{!}} Day Wise {{!}} Worldwide - Sacnilk |url=https://www.sacnilk.com/news/Thug_Life_2025_Box_Office_Collection_Day_Wise_Worldwide |access-date=2025-07-23 |website=www.sacnilk.com |language=en-US |archive-date=3 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250703054825/https://www.sacnilk.com/news/Thug_Life_2025_Box_Office_Collection_Day_Wise_Worldwide |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Off-screen contributions===<br /> In addition to acting, Haasan is noted for his involvement in other aspects of filmmaking.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Interview&quot;/&gt; He has written many of his films, including ''[[Raja Paarvai]]'', ''[[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]]'', ''[[Michael Madana Kama Rajan]]'', ''[[Thevar Magan]]'', ''[[Mahanadhi (1994 film)|Mahanadhi]]'', ''[[Hey Ram]]'', ''[[Aalavandhan]]'', ''[[Anbe Sivam]]'', ''[[Nala Damayanthi (2003 film)|Nala Damayanthi]]'', ''[[Virumaandi]]'', ''[[Dasavathaaram]]'', ''[[Manmadan Ambu]]'' and ''[[Vishwaroopam]]''. Haasan's production company ([[Raaj Kamal Films International]]) has produced several of his films, and he directed ''[[Chachi 420]]'', ''Hey Ram'', ''Virumaandi'' and ''Vishwaroopam''. He considered directing full-time if ''Hey Ram'' was successful, but changed his mind when the film failed at the box office.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stardustpg2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2001 |title=I may slip behind camera&amp;nbsp;– Kamal Haasan |publisher=Rediff.com Courtesy. Stardust |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/2001/mar/16kamal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628233808/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2001/mar/16kamal.htm |archive-date=28 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In his earlier career, he choreographed for [[MGR]] in ''[[Naan Yen Pirandhen]]'', [[Sivaji Ganesan]] in ''Savaale Samaali'' and [[Jayalalithaa]] in ''[[Anbu Thangai]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Kamal Haasan&amp;nbsp;– The Complete Actor |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/99540.html |website=IndiaGlitz.com |access-date=11 August 2013 |date=7 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110002651/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/99540.html |archive-date=10 November 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2010 Haasan said he wanted to do more directing, since young actors wished to work for him. When he played supporting roles early in his career he wanted to become a technician and joked: &quot;Film makers like [[K. Balachander]] told me that I won't be able make much money by being a technician. So the result is that the star Kamal funds the technician Kamal in pursuing his dreams&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Haasan wanted to be Technician&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Ranjib Mazumder |year=2009 |title=I wanted to be a technician: Kamal Haasan |work=Daily News and Analysis |access-date=19 January 2011 |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_i-wanted-to-be-a-technician-kamal-haasan_1234832-all |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114114642/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_i-wanted-to-be-a-technician-kamal-haasan_1234832-all |archive-date=14 January 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan attended workshops for makeup technicians in the US for several years, and trained as a makeup artist under [[Michael Westmore]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Marudhunayagam&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=1998 |author=V S Srinivasan |title=Making of an epic |publisher=Rediff |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/1998/sep/19mar.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622101726/http://in.rediff.com/movies/1998/sep/19mar.htm |archive-date=22 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Haasan has written songs for his films. He wrote the lyrics for a single in ''Hey Ram'', songs in ''Virumaandi'' and ''Unnaipol Oruvan'' and the album for ''Manmadhan Ambu''. Haasan's musical work has been well received by his peers in Tamil film.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal writes lyrics&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=TOI |title=Kamal's lyrics gets thumbs up |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=19 January 2011 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Kamal-Hassans-lyrics-get-thumbs-up/articleshow/6960789.cms |date=20 November 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123203750/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Kamal-Hassans-lyrics-get-thumbs-up/articleshow/6960789.cms |archive-date=23 November 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He is also a playback singer,&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal singer&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=TOI|title=Tunes from the heart|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=24 May 2013|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/tunes-from-the-heart/articleshow/4319025.cms|date=27 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005010454/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-03-27/news-interviews/28005589_1_kamal-haasan-indian-film-pasanga|archive-date=5 October 2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; singing in [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Hindi]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Malayalam]] and English.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal English&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Kamal Haasan sings in English |work=Rediff.com |access-date=24 May 2013 |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/may/09kamal.htm |date=9 May 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225107/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/may/09kamal.htm |archive-date= 3 March 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan also wrote the lyrics for a song about the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]] and released its music video, &quot;Arivum Anbum&quot;. The album, composed by [[Ghibran]] and directed by Haasan, featured Anirudh Ravichander, Yuvan Shankar Raja and a number of other contemporary performers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Madhu |first1=Vignesh |title=Arivum Anbum: Kamal Haasan pens a song of hope during Covid-19 times! |url=http://onlookersmedia.in/videos/arivum-anbum-kamal-haasan-pens-song-hope-covid-19-times/ |access-date=24 April 2020 |publisher=Onlookers Media |date=23 April 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011154058/http://onlookersmedia.in/videos/arivum-anbum-kamal-haasan-pens-song-hope-covid-19-times/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Arivum Anbum: Kamal Haasan-Ghibran's song on coronavirus is an anthem of hope |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/arivum-anbum-kamal-haasan-ghibran-s-song-on-coronavirus-is-an-anthem-of-hope-1670067-2020-04-23 |access-date=24 April 2020 |work=[[India Today]] |date=23 April 2020 |archive-date=27 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427091333/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/arivum-anbum-kamal-haasan-ghibran-s-song-on-coronavirus-is-an-anthem-of-hope-1670067-2020-04-23 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2021, Haasan featured in a song 'Shades of Blue: A Musical Tribute to [[Venmurasu]]' composed by [[Rajan Somasundaram|Raleigh Rajan]] and released by Director [[Mani Ratnam]] in honor of [[Venmurasu]], the longest novel ever written in any language.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/director-mani-ratnam-releases-musical-tribute-to-jeyamohans-epic-venmurasu-2021-10-19/|title=Director Mani Ratnam Releases Musical Tribute to Jeyamohan's Epic Venmurasu|website=www.marketwatch.com|language=en|access-date=2020-10-20|archive-date=22 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022231815/https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/director-mani-ratnam-releases-musical-tribute-to-jeyamohans-epic-venmurasu-2021-10-19|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Earlier, he has spoken in appreciation of [[Venmurasu]] and writer [[Jeyamohan]] on Bigg Boss during his book recommendations.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2021/feb/04/bookmarked-for-bigg-boss-bibliophiles-2259190.html/|title=Book Recommendations by Kamal Haasan|website=www.NewIndianExpress.com|date=4 February 2021|language=en|access-date=2022-03-18|archive-date=18 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318145512/https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2021/feb/04/bookmarked-for-bigg-boss-bibliophiles-2259190.html/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2022, Haasan was the lyricist and the playback singer for the song &quot;Pathala Pathala&quot; from Vikram.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Kamal Haasan pens a Kuththu song for 'Vikram' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/kamal-haasan-pens-a-kuththu-song-for-vikram/articleshow/87300351.cms |access-date=2022-05-17 |website=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=2 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502141342/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/kamal-haasan-pens-a-kuththu-song-for-vikram/articleshow/87300351.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Bigg Boss Tamil ===<br /> Haasan made his return on [[Star Vijay]] TV, hosting the first season of ''[[Bigg Boss Tamil]]'' in 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kamal-haasan-all-setto-host-tamil-big-boss/article18203914.ece|title=Kamal Haasan all set to host Tamil Big Boss|website=The Hindu|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918163706/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kamal-haasan-all-setto-host-tamil-big-boss/article18203914.ece|archive-date=18 September 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.vikatan.com/cinema/tamil-cinema/news/86984-big-boss-reality-show-in-vijay-tv-anchor-by-kamal.html|title=கமல் தொகுத்து வழங்கும், விஜய் டிவியின் 'பிக் பாஸ்'|website=vikatan.com|access-date=17 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901000328/http://www.vikatan.com/cinema/tamil-cinema/news/86984-big-boss-reality-show-in-vijay-tv-anchor-by-kamal.html|archive-date=1 September 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The show soon went onto become one of the most watched television series in Tamil Nadu and gained positive reviews among audience from season 1 onwards.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-06-16|title=Looking back at Bigg Boss Tamil Season One: Top seven controversies|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/looking-back-at-bigg-boss-tamil-season-one-top-seven-controversies-5220445/|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=29 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129231615/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/looking-back-at-bigg-boss-tamil-season-one-top-seven-controversies-5220445/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Karki|first=Tripti|date=2017-08-29|title=Bigg Boss Tamil: With 14k retweets, self-evicted contestant Oviya Helen emerges more popular than ever|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood-bigg-boss-tamil-14k-retweets-contestant-oviya-helen-emerges-more-popular-than-ever-twitter-398788|access-date=2022-01-29|website=www.indiatvnews.com|language=en|archive-date=29 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129231615/https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood-bigg-boss-tamil-14k-retweets-contestant-oviya-helen-emerges-more-popular-than-ever-twitter-398788|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-09-30|title=Bigg Boss Tamil 2: From Aishwarya Dutta's 'Hitler Task' to Mahat's tantrums, a look at the top controversies of the show|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/bigg-boss-tamil-2-top-controversies-kamal-haasan-show-5379965/|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=28 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228175433/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/bigg-boss-tamil-2-top-controversies-kamal-haasan-show-5379965/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-06-26|title='Bigg Boss 2' Tamil in trouble|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/bigg-boss-2-tamil-trouble-83677|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The News Minute|language=en|archive-date=29 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129231615/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/bigg-boss-2-tamil-trouble-83677|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-10-06|title=Bigg Boss Tamil 3: A look at the top controversies of the season|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-3-a-look-at-the-top-controversies-of-the-season/photostory/71461027.cms|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=30 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130030432/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-3-a-look-at-the-top-controversies-of-the-season/photostory/71461027.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bigg Boss Tamil Season 3 - A look back at the most controversial moments from the show|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/photos/slideshows/2019/oct/10/bigg-boss-tamil-season-3---a-look-back-at-the-most-controversial-moments-from-the-show-667.html|access-date=2022-01-29|website=[[Cinema Express]]|date=10 October 2019 |language=en|archive-date=29 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129231615/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/photos/slideshows/2019/oct/10/bigg-boss-tamil-season-3---a-look-back-at-the-most-controversial-moments-from-the-show-667.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan also hosted the second season of ''[[Bigg Boss Tamil 2]]'' which started its telecast on 17 June 2018,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-05-12|title=Kamal Haasan returns to host 'Bigg Boss' 2|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kamal-haasan-returns-host-bigg-boss-2-81212|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The News Minute|language=en|archive-date=29 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129231617/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kamal-haasan-returns-host-bigg-boss-2-81212|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Bigg Boss Tamil 3]]'' which started its telecast on 23 June 2019&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Kamal Haasan all set for Bigg Boss Tamil 3|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/kamal-haasan-all-set-for-bigg-boss-tamil-3/articleshow/69234470.cms|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The Times of India|date=8 May 2019|language=en|archive-date=25 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125142031/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/kamal-haasan-all-set-for-bigg-boss-tamil-3/articleshow/69234470.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; and [[Bigg Boss Tamil 4]] which started telecast on 4 October 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-08-28|title=Bigg Boss Tamil 4 teaser: Kamal Haasan gets back to work|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-season-4-teaser-kamal-haasan-gets-back-to-work-6572489/|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=29 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129231615/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-season-4-teaser-kamal-haasan-gets-back-to-work-6572489/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; He hosted ''[[Bigg Boss (Tamil season 5)|Bigg Boss Tamil 5]]'' which started to telecast from 3 October 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Bigg Boss Tamil 5 teaser is out; Kamal Haasan returns as the host|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-5-teaser-is-out-kamal-haasan-returns-as-the-host/articleshow/85800271.cms|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The Times of India|date=31 August 2021|language=en|archive-date=16 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516171345/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-5-teaser-is-out-kamal-haasan-returns-as-the-host/articleshow/85800271.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Then, now he is the host&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-01-17|title=Kamal Haasan to host first edition of Bigg Boss Tamil OTT, begins January 30|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kamal-haasan-to-host-bigg-boss-tamil-ott-next-7727242/|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117080318/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kamal-haasan-to-host-bigg-boss-tamil-ott-next-7727242/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; to the [[Bigg Boss Ultimate (Season 1)]] which is to be launched on [[Disney+ Hotstar]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bigg Boss Ultimate: Kamal Haasan announces OTT version of Bigg Boss Tamil, here's all you need to know |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/bigg-boss-ultimate-kamal-haasan-announces-ott-version-of-bigg-boss-tamil-heres-all-you-need-to-know/719efacb51128 |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=OTTPlay |language=en |archive-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117060353/https://www.ottplay.com/news/bigg-boss-ultimate-kamal-haasan-announces-ott-version-of-bigg-boss-tamil-heres-all-you-need-to-know/719efacb51128 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-01-17|title=Disney+ Hotstar to stream its first-ever OTT exclusive season of Bigg Boss Tamil from 30th January|url=https://www.medianews4u.com/disney-hotstar-to-stream-its-first-ever-ott-exclusive-season-of-bigg-boss-tamil-from-30th-january/|access-date=2022-01-29|website=MediaNews4U|language=en-US|archive-date=18 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118183132/https://www.medianews4u.com/disney-hotstar-to-stream-its-first-ever-ott-exclusive-season-of-bigg-boss-tamil-from-30th-january/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; from 30 January 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|author=Janani K.|date=17 January 2022|title=Kamal Haasan to host Bigg Boss Ultimate on Disney+ Hotstar from January 30. Read details|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/kamal-haasan-to-host-bigg-boss-ultimate-on-disney-hotstar-from-january-30-read-details-1900821-2022-01-17|access-date=2022-01-29|magazine=India Today|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117060330/https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/kamal-haasan-to-host-bigg-boss-ultimate-on-disney-hotstar-from-january-30-read-details-1900821-2022-01-17|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; He exited the show after the third week owing to scheduling conflicts with his film ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]''. Later, [[Silambarasan]] replaced him as the host from week 4 onwards. Then, Kamal Haasan returned as a host in [[Bigg Boss (Tamil season 6)|Bigg Boss Tamil Season 6]]. Next, Kamal Haasan is returning as a host in [[Bigg Boss (Tamil season 7)|Bigg Boss Tamil]](Season 7)<br /> <br /> === KH House of Khaddar (KHHK) ===<br /> Kamal Haasan launched his personal fashion line, called KH House of Khaddar (KHHK).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/fashion/khaddar-vs-burger/article38328872.ece |title=On Republic Day, Kamal Haasan launches the website for his new fashion label KH House of Khaddar |website=[[The Hindu]] |date=26 January 2022 |last1=Paitandy |first1=Priyadarshini |archive-date=14 August 2022 |access-date=1 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814181427/https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/fashion/khaddar-vs-burger/article38328872.ece |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; It is a sustainable fashion brand co-founded by Kamal Haasan and designed by Amritha Ram, focusing on blending India's Khadi handloom heritage with Western silhouettes for a contemporary global audience. The brand was first introduced at a high-profile launch in Chicago in November 2021, followed by its Indian debut on Republic Day 2022.<br /> <br /> == Personal life ==<br /> <br /> ===Family===<br /> Haasan was born into a [[Tamils|Tamil]] family&lt;ref name=&quot;indiatimes1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=17 May 2013 |title=I get devastated at the idea of marriage: Shruti Haasan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/I-get-devastated-at-the-idea-of-marriage-Shruti-Haasan/articleshow/20084486.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030124223/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/I-get-devastated-at-the-idea-of-marriage-Shruti-Haasan/articleshow/20084486.cms |archive-date=30 October 2014 |url-status=live |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; in the town of [[Paramakudi]], in the [[Ramanathapuram]] district of [[Tamil Nadu]], to criminal defence lawyer D. Srinivasan and Rajalakshmi, a housewife.&lt;ref name=&quot;father&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kumar|first=Rajitha |year=2000 |title=Kamal, as we know him |url=http://cricket.rediff.com/movies/2000/nov/08kamal.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728103013/http://cricket.rediff.com/movies/2000/nov/08kamal.htm |archive-date=28 July 2011 |access-date=30 June 2009 |publisher=[[Rediff]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2013 his daughter [[Shruti Haasan]] appeared on an episode of ''[[Neengalum Vellalam Oru Kodi]]'', where she availed the &quot;phone a friend&quot; option to call her father Kamal, he stated that his parents named him Parthasarathy before he was called as Kamal Haasan and his mother always used to call him by his birth name.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=5 April 2012 |title=Kamal reveals his real name! |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kamal-reveals-his-real-name/articleshow/12545914.cms |url-status=live |access-date=2 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521022957/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-05/news-interviews/31293640_1_kamal-haasan-elephant-ulaga-nayagan |archive-date=21 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; In an interview with [[Karan Thapar]], Haasan said his father was literate in [[Sanskrit]]. Haasan is the youngest of four children; his siblings are [[Charuhasan]], [[Chandrahasan]] and Nalini (Raghu). His two older brothers followed their father's example and studied law.&lt;ref name=&quot;yaakob&quot; /&gt; Haasan continued his education in Sir M.Ct. Muthiah Chettiar Boys Higher Secondary School&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=1 February 2020 |title=Kamal Haasan's reunion with his schoolmates |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-reunion-with-his-schoolmates/articleshow/73840812.cms |url-status=live |access-date=20 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011154057/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-reunion-with-his-schoolmates/articleshow/73840812.cms |archive-date=11 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; and [[Hindu Higher Secondary School]] in Madras (now [[Chennai]]).{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}<br /> <br /> Haasan has alluded to his parents in some of his works, notably ''Unnaipol Oruvan'' and in the song &quot;[[Kallai Mattum]]&quot; in ''[[Dasavathaaram]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;familfy&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pavithra Srinivasan |year=2008 |title=Dasavatharam music is mediocre |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/apr/28ssdas.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090606112512/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/apr/28ssdas.htm |archive-date=6 June 2009 |access-date=30 June 2009 |publisher=[[Rediff]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; His eldest brother Charuhasan, like Haasan, is a [[National Film Award (India)|National Film Award]]-winning actor who appeared in the [[Kannada]] film ''[[Tabarana Kathe]]''. Charuhasan's daughter [[Suhasini Mani Ratnam|Suhasini]] is also a National Film Award-winning actress married to director (and fellow award-winner) [[Mani Ratnam]], who collaborated with Haasan on 1987's ''Nayakan''.&lt;ref name=&quot;maniy&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |year=2003 |title=Married to the medium |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030412/windows/main4.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413132659/http://tribuneindia.com/2003/20030412/windows/main4.htm |archive-date=13 April 2009 |access-date=30 June 2009 |website=The Tribune}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chandrahasan has produced several of Haasan's films and was an executive with [[Raaj Kamal Films International]]. He died in March 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 March 2017 |title=Kamal Haasan's brother and producer Chandrahasan died |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kamal-haasan-brother-and-producer-chandrahasan-dies-in-london-4575812/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508022836/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kamal-haasan-brother-and-producer-chandrahasan-dies-in-london-4575812/ |archive-date=8 May 2017 |access-date=19 March 2017 |website=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chandrahasan's daughter [[Anu Hasan]] has had supporting roles in several films, including Suhasini's ''[[Indira (film)|Indira]]''. Haasan's sister, Nalini Raghu, is a dance teacher for whom he named an auditorium (Nalini Mahal).&lt;ref name=&quot;sistyer&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ramani|first=Nandini |date=21 November 2003 |title=Married to the medium |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2003/11/21/stories/2003112101220400.htm |url-status=dead |access-date=13 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108145018/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2003/11/21/stories/2003112101220400.htm |archive-date=8 November 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Her son, Gautham, played Haasan's character's grandson in ''Hey Ram''.{{cn|date=February 2026}}<br /> <br /> ===Relationships===<br /> [[File:Kamal Haasan with Akshara &amp;Shruti Haasan at Alice in wonderland premiere.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Haasan in white, next to daughters Shruti and Akshara, dressed in black|Haasan with daughters [[Shruti Haasan|Shruti]] (left) and [[Akshara Haasan|Akshara]] (right)]]<br /> <br /> In 1978, at age 24, Haasan married dancer [[Vani Ganapathy]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal-vani&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Indiatimes Movies|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/us|title=Kamal Haasan made a flowery entry|work=[[The Times of India]]|publisher=Bennett, Coleman &amp; Co. Ltd|access-date=31 December 2008|date=31 December 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521024317/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-12-31/did-you-know-/27897283_1_kamal-haasan-low-key-affair-entry|archive-date=21 May 2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; She acted with Haasan in the 1975 movie ''[[Melnaattu Marumagal]]''. After marriage, Vani worked as Haasan's costume designer for several movies. They divorced ten years later.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/madhur-vani/article28459907.ece|title=Madhur Vani|date=29 December 2003|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=6 July 2020|archive-date=6 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706192752/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/madhur-vani/article28459907.ece|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Haasan and actress [[Sarika]] began living together in 1988, marrying after the birth of their first child, [[Shruti Haasan|Shruti]] (born 1986).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Gupta |first=Priya |date=17 May 2013 |title=I get devastated at the idea of marriage: Shruti Haasan |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/I-get-devastated-at-the-idea-of-marriage-Shruti-Haasan/articleshow/20084486.cms? |work=The Times of India |access-date=7 April 2014 |archive-date=30 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030124223/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/I-get-devastated-at-the-idea-of-marriage-Shruti-Haasan/articleshow/20084486.cms |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shruti is a singer and a [[Telugu cinema|Tollywood]]-[[Tamil cinema|Kollywood]] actress. Their younger daughter, [[Akshara Haasan|Akshara]] (born 1991), is an assistant director and actress. Sarika stopped acting soon after their marriage, Sarika worked as Haasan's costume designer for the movie ''[[Hey Ram]]'' and won the [[National Film Award for Best Costume Design]]er.&lt;ref name=&quot;47thaward&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm47NFAAward.aspx|title=47th National Film Awards|publisher=[[International Film Festival of India]]|access-date=13 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505163411/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm47NFAAward.aspx|archive-date=5 May 2014|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;47thawardPDF&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://dff.nic.in/2011/47th_nff_2000.pdf|title=47th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=13 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022161229/http://dff.nic.in/2011/47th_nff_2000.pdf|archive-date=22 October 2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2002, the couple filed for divorce, which became final in 2004.&lt;ref name=&quot;sarika&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Jha, Subhash K. |year=2003 |title=My main concern is the kids |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=30 June 2009 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/delhi-times/my-main-concern-is-the-kids/articleshow/231833.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203010011/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/231833.cms |archive-date= 3 February 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt; After their divorce, Sarika acted in movies and TV serials, winning the [[National Film Award for Best Actress]] for the 2005 film ''[[Parzania]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=53rd National Film Awards – 2006 |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm53NFAAward.aspx |publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals |accessdate=1 December 2012 |page=30|url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815224948/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm53NFAAward.aspx |archivedate=15 August 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> From 2005 to 2016, Haasan was in a relationship with actress [[Gautami]]. He co-starred with her frequently during the late 1980s and early 1990s.&lt;ref name=&quot;IT Gautami split&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Bhattacharya |first=Ananya |title=Kamal Haasan and Gautami part ways after living together for 13 years |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/gossip/story/kamal-haasan-gautami-split-living-together-13-years-live-in-349558-2016-11-01 |website=[[India Today]] |date=1 November 2016 |access-date=1 November 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161102170331/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kamal-haasan-gautami-split-living-together-13-years-live-in/1/799818.html |archive-date= 2 November 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.india.com/showbiz/gautami-opens-up-on-kamal-haasan-after-13-years-together-our-paths-have-irreversibly-diverged-1625151/|title=Gautami opens up on Kamal Haasan: After 13 years together, our paths have irreversibly diverged|work=India.com|date=2 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161102154728/http://www.india.com/showbiz/gautami-opens-up-on-kamal-haasan-after-13-years-together-our-paths-have-irreversibly-diverged-1625151/ |archive-date= 2 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Early in his career, he co-starred in several films with [[Srividya]] with whom he was in relationship. Haasan visited Srividya on her deathbed in 2006.&lt;ref name=&quot;srividya&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=&lt;!--staff writer--&gt; |year=2008 |title=Wasn't Ranjith telling Sreevidya's tale? |publisher=Nowrunning.com |access-date=30 June 2009 |url=http://www.nowrunning.com/news/news.aspx?it=18176 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026143217/http://www.nowrunning.com/news/news.aspx?it=18176 |archive-date=26 October 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==={{anchor|Religious views|Political views}}Views===<br /> Haasan is an atheist and rationalist and has often questioned the existence of God and has highlighted the theme in his films like ''[[Anbe Sivam]]'' and ''[[Dasavathaaram]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;rediffreview&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Vijayasarathy, R G |year=2008 |title=Dasavathaaram is spectacular |publisher=[[Rediff]] |access-date=13 June 2008 |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/jun/13dasa.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080617213231/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/jun/13dasa.htm |archive-date=17 June 2008 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He was mistaken to be Muslim because of his Arabic-sounding name, most notably when he was denied [[United States border preclearance|preclearance]] to travel to the United States by [[U.S. Customs and Border Protection|Customs and Border Protection]] authorities at [[Toronto Pearson International Airport]] in 2002.&lt;ref name=&quot;islamname&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Jha, Subhah K |title=Harrowing time in Toronto |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=3 May 2002 |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2002/05/03/stories/2002050300320300.htm |date=3 May 2002 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030704155016/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2002/05/03/stories/2002050300320300.htm |archive-date= 4 July 2003 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In Sanskrit ''Kamal'' means &quot;lotus&quot;, but it was rumoured that his name originated with a friend of his father (Yaakob Hassan, a Muslim freedom fighter who was imprisoned along with Kamal's father by the British). In a BBC interview with [[Karan Thapar]], Haasan said that his last name derives from the Sanskrit word ''hasya'', and although the Yaakob Hassan connection was publicised by the media it was only &quot;a story&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;yaakob&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2010 |work=BBC Hardtalk |access-date=26 April 2010 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A01JVLKHbTM&amp;feature=g-vrec |title=Karan Thapar interview with Kamal Haasan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730124413/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A01JVLKHbTM&amp;feature=g-vrec |archive-date=30 July 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan is considered [[left-leaning]] or [[Independent politician|independent]]. Although he initially abstained from politics, he entered regional politics in Tamil Nadu in 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal red&quot;&gt;{{cite news|year=2003 |title=Kamal Haasan sees Red |publisher=[[Rediff]] |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/mar/24south.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914022851/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/mar/24south.htm |archive-date=14 September 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He also said that his entering politics would result in his death within a year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamalpolitics&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Shilpa Jamkhandikar |title=Just A Minute With: actor Kamal Haasan |publisher=The Reuters |access-date=3 May 2012 |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-39105920090417 |date=17 April 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022190015/http://in.reuters.com/article/2009/04/17/idINIndia-39105920090417 |archive-date=22 October 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Humanitarian work==<br /> [[File:M.B. Nirmal with Kamal Haasan.JPG|thumb|right|200px|alt=Man with jacket standing with smiling, bespectacled younger man|Haasan with social activist [[M. B. Nirmal]] (right) in Chennai]]<br /> Haasan is the first Tamil actor to convert his fan clubs into welfare organisations&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal clubs&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Kamal Haasan on a noble cause|access-date=17 December 2011|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Kamal-Haasan-on-a-noble-cause/articleshow/10617254.cms|date=7 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521022326/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-07/news-interviews/30363367_1_kamal-haasan-kamal-fans-fan-clubs|archive-date=21 May 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; and is involved in social-service activities through the clubs under the name ''Kamal Narpani Iyakkam'' (Kamal Welfare Association).&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Narpani Iyakkam&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2008 |title=Kamal fires club secretary |publisher=cinesouth.com |access-date=17 January 2011 |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/16082008-2.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708154329/http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/16082008-2.shtml |archive-date= 8 July 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;I believe in excellence&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=2009 |title=I believe in excellence&amp;nbsp;– Kamal Haasan |publisher=southdreamz.com |access-date=17 January 2011 |url=http://www.southdreamz.com/2009/11/i-believe-in-excellence-kamal-hassan.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716113858/http://www.southdreamz.com/2009/11/i-believe-in-excellence-kamal-hassan.html |archive-date=16 July 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; His fan clubs help organise blood- and eye-donation drives, and donate educational materials to students.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal eyedonation&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2010 |title=Kamal Haasan launches eye-donation campaign |publisher=The India daily |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://www.theindiadaily.com/kamal-haasan-launches-eye-donation-campaign/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110420055225/http://www.theindiadaily.com/kamal-haasan-launches-eye-donation-campaign/ |archive-date=20 April 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Haasan helps 30000 students&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2010 |title=Kamal Haasan helps 30000 students |publisher=extramirchi.com |access-date=17 January 2011 |url=http://www.extramirchi.com/bollywood/kamal-haasan-helps-30000-students/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128062024/http://www.extramirchi.com/bollywood/kamal-haasan-helps-30000-students/ |archive-date=28 January 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamaldonates&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=&lt;!--staff writer--&gt; |title=Spreading the message of sharing and learning |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/article615507.ece |date=5 September 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100908090624/http://www.thehindu.com/news/article615507.ece |archive-date= 8 September 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Haasan received the first Abraham Kovoor National Award for his humanist activities and secular life in 2004.&lt;ref name=&quot;awards&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2007 |title=The legend turns 53 |publisher=[[Zee Network|Zee]] News |access-date=30 June 2009 |url=http://www.zeenews.com/news405995.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026160459/http://www.zeenews.com/news405995.html |archive-date=26 October 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He was project ambassador for Hridayaragam 2010, which raised funds for an orphanage for [[HIV/AIDS]]-affected children.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Hasan supports cause of Aids affected kids!&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2009 |title=Kamal Hasan supports cause of Aids affected kids! |publisher=aidsroko.com |access-date=17 January 2011 |url=http://www.aidsroko.com/aids-hiv-article/kamal-hasan-supports-cause-of-aids-affected-kids/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205031909/http://www.aidsroko.com/aids-hiv-article/kamal-hasan-supports-cause-of-aids-affected-kids/ |archive-date=5 December 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In September 2010 Haasan launched a children's cancer relief fund and gave roses to children with cancer at [[Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute|Sri Ramachandra University]] in [[Porur]], Chennai.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal does it again&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=2010 |title=Kamal does it again |publisher=BizHat.com |access-date=17 January 2011 |url=http://filmreviews.bizhat.com/tamil/kamal-does-it-again/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402140436/http://filmreviews.bizhat.com/tamil/kamal-does-it-again/ |archive-date=2 April 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He has pledged his product-endorsement income to social causes.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal pledges support&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2010 |title=Kamal pledges support |website=Behindwoods.com |access-date=17 January 2011 |url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/nov-10-05/kamal-haasan-30-11-10-02.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103054233/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/nov-10-05/kamal-haasan-30-11-10-02.html |archive-date= 3 January 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal in Ads&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Kamal Haasan gets branded |access-date=2 May 2012 |url=http://www.bollywood.com/kamal-haasan-gets-branded |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824190229/http://www.bollywood.com/kamal-haasan-gets-branded |archive-date=24 August 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan, along with his partner [[Gautami]], won {{INR}}&amp;nbsp;5&amp;nbsp;million on ''[[Neengalum Vellalam Oru Kodi]]'' in March 2013 and donated the prize money to ''Petral Thaan Pillaya'', a [[nonprofit organization]] supporting cancer patients.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 March 2013|title=Kamal Haasan would make a great quiz master, says Siddharth Basu|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-would-make-a-great-quiz-master-says-siddharth-basu-611350|access-date=25 August 2021|website=NDTV|archive-date=25 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825165205/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-would-make-a-great-quiz-master-says-siddharth-basu-611350|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Haasan was nominated by the Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi for the [[Swachh Bharat]] campaign. He chose to clean the Madambakkam lake in Chennai with the [[Environmentalist Foundation of India]]'s [[Arun Krishnamurthy]] on 7 November 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Kamal-Calls-for-Sweeping-Change/2014/11/08/article2512298.ece|title=Kamal Calls for 'Sweeping' Change|work=The Indian Express|date=8 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221235535/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Kamal-Calls-for-Sweeping-Change/2014/11/08/article2512298.ece |archive-date=21 December 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-launches-swachch-bharat-campaign-at-madambakkam-on-his-birthday/article6574542.ece|title=Kamal Haasan celebrates birthday with a clean up drive|newspaper=The Hindu|date=7 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017104147/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-launches-swachch-bharat-campaign-at-madambakkam-on-his-birthday/article6574542.ece |archive-date=17 October 2015|last1=Madhavan|first1=T.|last2=Krishnaswamy|first2=G.}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Known for refusing any kind of brand endorsement, Haasan endorsed [[Pothys]] for the first time in 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/in-a-first-kamal-haasan-to-feature-in-commercial/article7679166.ece |title=In a first, Kamal Haasan to feature in commercial |author=Udhav Naig |work=The Hindu |date=23 September 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017104147/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/in-a-first-kamal-haasan-to-feature-in-commercial/article7679166.ece |archive-date=17 October 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; His daughter, Shruti has previously endorsed Pothys. In the past, Haasan has stated that should he ever act in commercials, the revenue earned from them would be donated to HIV affected children.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-to-endorse-textile-showroom-brand-pothys-264069-2015-09-21 |title=Kamal Haasan to endorse textile showroom brand Pothys |work=India Today |date=21 September 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017104147/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kamal-haasan-to-endorse-textile-showroom-brand-pothys/1/479024.html |archive-date=17 October 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> =={{anchor|Literary contributions}} Literary works==<br /> Haasan founded the magazine ''Maiam'' (lit. ''Center'') in 1987 which he edited. It was run by the Kamal Haasan Welfare Association.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |url=https://kalkionline.com/entertainment/cinema/actor-kamalhasan-64-years-of-journey-in-indian-cinema-kalki-special-article |title=கமல்ஹாசன் பற்றி இந்த 64 விஷயங்கள் உங்களுக்கு தெரியுமா? வாங்க தெரிஞ்சுக்கலாம்! |language= Tamil |work=Kalki Tamil magazine |date=12 August 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KHBH&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal's Mayyam&quot;/&gt; He has also written more than 100 poems.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamalwriter&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Malathi Rangarajan |title=Now it's the turn of Kamal Haasan ... the writer |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=10 October 2012 |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2007/10/26/stories/2007102650130200.htm |date=26 October 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005010029/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2007/10/26/stories/2007102650130200.htm |archive-date= 5 October 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Some of his literary contributions are listed here:<br /> <br /> * ''Dhaayam'' ({{translation|''Dice''}}), a 1984 psychological thriller novel written by Haasan, which served as the basis for his 2001 bilingual film adaptation ''[[Aalavandhan]]'' (''Abhay'' in Hindi).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/tamil/kalki-2898-ad-kamal-haasan-a-hero-and-villain-for-the-ages/ |title=Kalki 2898 AD: Kamal Haasan, a hero and villain for the ages |website=South First |date=27 June 2024 |access-date=5 December 2025 |archive-date=16 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716054606/https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/tamil/kalki-2898-ad-kamal-haasan-a-hero-and-villain-for-the-ages/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * ''Thedi Theerpom Va'' ({{translation|''Come, Let's Find and Solve''}}), a 2008 semi-autobiographical book published by the Kamal Haasan Welfare Association, comprising 15 brief essays written by Haasan on many subjects including cinema, child/drug abuse, Kashmir imbroglio, and the utopian ideal of a casteless society.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal's Mayyam&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=&lt;!--staff writer--&gt; |year=2010 |title=Kamal's Magazine |publisher=ScreenIndia.com South Screen |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://www.screenindia.com/old/mar12/south2.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601024603/http://www.screenindia.com/old/mar12/south2.htm |archive-date=1 June 2008 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamalpoems&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Malathi Rangarajan |title=Cupid Calling |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article945879.ece |date=11 December 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101216013204/http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article945879.ece |archive-date=16 December 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * ''Maiam: Thaerndheydutha Padaippugal'' ({{translation|''Maiam: Selected Works''}}), book published on 1 September 2024, which is a compilation of several articles and columns written by Haasan for his magazine ''Maiam'' between 1987 and 1990.&lt;ref name=&quot;KHBH&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/south-cinema/kamal-haasans-old-articles-revived-three-decades/ |title=Kamal Haasan’s old articles to be revived after more than three decades |website=Bollywood Hungama |date=2 January 2024 |archive-date=9 January 2024 |access-date=4 December 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109234117/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/south-cinema/kamal-haasans-old-articles-revived-three-decades/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan continues to write for leading newspapers. His recent article, &quot;''Centrism isn’t nostalgia, it is survival''&quot; was published by [[The Times of India]] on 24 August 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Centrism isn’t nostalgia, it is survival |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/toi-plus/politics/centrism-isnt-nostalgia-it-is-survival/articleshow/123485721.cms |newspaper=Times of India |date=24 August 2025 |author=Kamal Haasan |archive-date=8 December 2025 |access-date=8 December 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251208093511/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/toi-plus/politics/centrism-isnt-nostalgia-it-is-survival/articleshow/123485721.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Haasan's screenplays published as books===<br /> * ''Kamal Haasante Randu Thirakkathakal'' ({{translation|''Two Scripts by Kamal Haasan''}}), book published on 28 October 2007, which is a Malayalam version of the screenplays written by Haasan for his films ''[[Mahanadhi (1994 film)|Mahanadhi]]'' (1994) and ''[[Hey Ram]]'' (2000).&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamalwriter&quot;/&gt;<br /> * ''Viswaroopam'', book published by [[DC Books]] on 7 November 2013, which is a Malayalam version of the screenplay written by Haasan for his 2013 bilingual film ''[[Vishwaroopam]]'' (''Vishwaroop'' in Hindi).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Viswaroopam by Kamal Haasan |url=https://dcbookstore.com/books/viswaroopam |publisher=DC Books |access-date=9 December 2025 |archive-date=29 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129190349/https://dcbookstore.com/books/viswaroopam |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * ''Hey Ram'', a 2017 book published by [[Sapna Book House]], Tamil version of the screenplay written by Haasan for his bilingual film ''[[Hey Ram]]'' (2000), which was shot simultaneously in Tamil and Hindi.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hey Ram by Kamal Haasan |url=https://www.sapnaonline.com/books/hey-ram-kamal-haasan-9386631008-9789386631008 |publisher=Sapna Book House |access-date=9 December 2025 |archive-date=19 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719181523/https://www.sapnaonline.com/books/hey-ram-kamal-haasan-9386631008-9789386631008 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *<br /> <br /> ==Political career==<br /> He formed the centrist party [[Makkal Needhi Maiam]] (MNM), a regional political party in Tamil Nadu. He formally announced the party's formation on 21 February 2018 in Madurai. The party's flag displays six joined hands in a circle in alternate red and white colours with a white star at its centre in a black background. Haasan began his political journey from late President [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]]'s residence and his memorial at [[Rameswaram]].&lt;ref name=political /&gt;<br /> <br /> His party contested in 37 seats in [[2019 Indian general election]] and lost. Makkal Needhi Maiam's vote share in the 2019 Lok Sabha election was 3.72% (in the seats it contested).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=A great beginning, says Kamal Haasan. |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/a-great-beginning-says-kamal-haasan/article27241455.ece |work=The Hindu |date=25 May 2019 |access-date=6 June 2020 |archive-date=2 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602183044/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/a-great-beginning-says-kamal-haasan/article27241455.ece |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; He unsuccessfully contested the [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Coimbatore South (state assembly constituency)|Coimbatore South]] and lost to [[BJP Mahila Morcha]] President [[Vanathi Srinivasan]] by a narrow margin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url = https://www.news18.com/news/politics/coimbatore-south-election-result-2021-live-updates-coimbatore-south-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-3694766.html|title = Tamil Nadu: Kamal Haasan Loses to BJP's Vanathi Srinivasan in Coimbatore South| work=News18 |date = 3 May 2021|access-date = 2 May 2021|archive-date = 3 May 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210503104558/https://www.news18.com/news/politics/coimbatore-south-election-result-2021-live-updates-coimbatore-south-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-3694766.html|url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> On 25 July 2025, Haasan took oath as a member of [[Rajya Sabha]] (Council of States), the upper house of the [[Parliament of India]]. He was elected unopposed with the support of the [[DMK-led Alliance]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kamal-haasan-enters-rajya-sabha-takes-mp-oath-in-tamil-2761051-2025-07-25 |title=Kamal Haasan makes Parliament debut, takes oath in Tamil as Rajya Sabha MP |magazine=India Today |date=25 July 2025 |archive-date=29 July 2025 |access-date=6 December 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250729200711/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kamal-haasan-enters-rajya-sabha-takes-mp-oath-in-tamil-2761051-2025-07-25 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Awards and honours==<br /> {{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Kamal Haasan}}<br /> <br /> [[File:The President, Shri Pranab Mukherjee presenting the Padma Bhushan Award to Shri Kamal Haasan, at a Civil Investiture Ceremony, at Rahstrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi on March 31, 2014.jpg|thumb|The [[President of India]], Shri [[Pranab Mukherjee]] presenting the [[Padma Bhushan]] Award to Shri Kamal Haasan, at a Civil Investiture Ceremony, at [[Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi|Rashtrapati Bhavan]], in [[New Delhi]] on March 31, 2014]]<br /> <br /> ===Civilian Honours===<br /> Haasan was conferred with the following civilian [[Order (distinction)|orders]]:<br /> * The [[Padma Shri]] (lit. 'Lotus Honour') by the [[Government of India]] in 1990&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/kamal-hassan-turns-57-145105-2011-11-06 |title=Kamal Haasan turns 57 |work=India Today |date=7 November 2011 |access-date=7 November 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111150726/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kamal-hassan-turns-57/1/158991.html |archive-date=11 November 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * The [[Padma Bhushan]] (lit. 'Lotus Decoration') by the [[President of India]] in 2014<br /> * The [[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Chevalier de L'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]] (The Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters) by the [[Government of France]] in 2016<br /> <br /> ===State Government Awards===<br /> Haasan has been honoured by [[State governments of India]] with the following awards:<br /> * The [[Kalaimamani]] (lit. 'Jewel of Arts') by the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]] (1978)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/regional/kamal-hassan-to-be-honoured-at-mumbai-film-fest/article1-1121153.aspx |title=Kamal Haasan to be honoured at Mumbai Film Fest |date=12 September 2013 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221134136/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/regional/kamal-hassan-to-be-honoured-at-mumbai-film-fest/article1-1121153.aspx |archive-date=21 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * The [[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award#M.G.R. Award|MGR Award]] by the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]] (1989)<br /> * The [[Tamil Nadu State Film Honorary Award#Sivaji Ganesan Award|Sivaji Ganesan Award]] by the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]] (1999)<br /> * The [[NTR National Award]] by the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]] (2014)<br /> * The [[P. Jairaj|Paidipati Jairaj Award]] by the [[Government of Telangana]] (2026)<br /> <br /> ===Movie Awards===<br /> Haasan has won five [[National Film Awards|National Awards]], including four for acting, and one as a producer:<br /> * [[National Film Award for Best Child Artist|Best Child Artist]] for [[Kalathur Kannamma]] (1960){{efn|The award for best acting was given out as a [[Rashtrapati Award]] (President's Gold Medal) until the 14th National Film Awards ceremony held in 1967, when the National Awards were called as the &quot;State Awards for Films&quot;. They were renamed to the current [[National Film Awards]] from the 15th National Film Awards ceremony held in 1968.&lt;ref name=&quot;hindustantimes.com&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm40thNFAAward.aspx?PdfName=40NFA.pdf |title=Directorate of Film Festival |publisher=Iffi.nic.in |access-date=17 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008114601/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm40thNFAAward.aspx?PdfName=40NFA.pdf |archive-date=8 October 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> * [[National Film Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role|Best Actor]] for [[Moondram Pirai]] (1982)<br /> * [[National Film Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role|Best Actor]] for [[Nayakan]] (1987)<br /> * [[National Film Award for Best Tamil Feature Film|Best Tamil Film]] for [[Thevar Magan]] (1992)<br /> * [[National Film Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role|Best Actor]] for [[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]] (1996)<br /> <br /> Haasan has won 21 Filmfare Awards in total, the most for any actor.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-10-06 |title=A true Ulaganayagan (Global Hero) and a cinematic pioneer! |url=https://x.com/filmfare/status/1975135786283475182 |quote=With 20 Filmfare Awards to his name, Kamal Haasan stands alone, holding the record for the most Filmfare Awards won by any actor in Indian cinema! This staggering record, which includes the most Filmfare Awards for Best Actor, is a proof of his unmatched versatility across Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, and Hindi films. |website=Filmfare magazine on X |access-date=23 November 2025 |archive-date=12 December 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251212061226/https://x.com/filmfare/status/1975135786283475182 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; He holds the record for the most Filmfare Awards for Best Actor, with a total of 18 wins – eleven in Tamil, three in Telugu, two in Malayalam, one in Hindi, and one in Kannada. He has been nominated for 64 Filmfare Awards, the most for any actor.{{efn|<br /> * 35 nominations for Best Actor – Tamil<br /> * 10 nominations for Best Film – Tamil<br /> * 2 nominations for Best Director – Tamil<br /> * 1 nomination for Best Playback Singer– Tamil<br /> * 7 nominations for Best Actor – Telugu<br /> * 4 nominations for Best Actor – Hindi<br /> * 1 nomination for Best Story – Hindi<br /> * 1 nomination for Best Supporting Actor – Hindi<br /> * 2 wins for Best Actor – Malayalam<br /> * 1 win for Best Actor – Kannada}} He also holds the record for the most Filmfare Award nominations for acting, with 50 nominations. Haasan holds the record for the most Filmfare Awards for Best Actor – Tamil, with a total of 11 wins. He also holds the record for the most Filmfare Award nominations for Best Actor – Tamil, with 35 nominations. He is the only actor who has won Filmfare Awards across five different languages:<br /> * [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Best Actor – Tamil]] for [[Apoorva Raagangal]] (1975), [[Oru Oodhappu Kan Simittugiradhu]] (1976), [[16 Vayathinile]] (1977), [[Sigappu Rojakkal]] (1978), [[Raja Paarvai]] (1981), [[Gunaa]] (1991), [[Thevar Magan]] (1992), [[Kuruthipunal (film)|Kuruthipunal]] (1995), [[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]] (1996), [[Hey Ram]] (2000), and [[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]] (2022){{efn|Though Haasan wrote a letter to the organisation asking them to not give him any more awards after his win for [[Hey Ram]] (2000),&lt;ref name=&quot;awards&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/1404447/report-the-next-decade-will-be-the-best-of-my-career-kamal-haasan|title=The next decade will be the best of my career: Kamal Haasan|publisher=DNA India|access-date=30 May 2013|date=2 July 2010|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011154059/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-the-next-decade-will-be-the-best-of-my-career-kamal-haasan-1404447|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; he won his eighteenth Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role (Male) for [[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]] (2022) at the 68th Filmfare Awards South 2023 - Tamil.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=68th Filmfare Awards South 2023 |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2023/tamil/winners |website=Filmfare |access-date=15 August 2025 |archive-date=14 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250214094228/https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2023/tamil/winners |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> * [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]] for [[Varumayin Niram Sivappu|Aakali Rajyam]] (1981), [[Sagara Sangamam]] (1983) and [[Indrudu Chandrudu]] (1989)<br /> * [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam|Best Actor – Malayalam]] for [[Kanyakumari (film)|Kanyakumari]] (1974) and [[Eeta]] (1978)<br /> * [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|Best Actor – Hindi]] for [[Saagar (film)|Saagar]] (1985)<br /> * [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada|Best Actor – Kannada]] for [[Pushpaka Vimana (1987 film)|Pushpaka Vimana]] (1987)<br /> * [[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil|Best Film – Tamil]] for [[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]] (1989), and [[Amaran (2024 film)|Amaran]] (2024)<br /> * [[Filmfare Award for Best Story|Best Story – Hindi]] for [[Virasat (1997 film)|Virasat]] (1997)<br /> <br /> Besides National Awards and Filmfare Awards, he has won several acting awards for his acclaimed performances in other movies, including [[Varumayin Niram Sivappu]] (1980), [[Swathi Muthyam]] (1986), [[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]] (1989), [[Chanakyan]] (1989), [[Michael Madana Kama Rajan]] (1990), [[Chachi 420]] (1997), [[Pammal K. Sambandam]] (2002), [[Anbe Sivam]] (2003), [[Vettaiyaadu Vilaiyaadu]] (2006), [[Dasavathaaram]] (2008), [[Vishwaroopam]] (2013), [[Uttama Villain]] (2015), [[Papanasam (film)|Papanasam]] (2015), [[Thoongaa Vanam]] (2015), and [[Kalki 2898 AD]] (2024).{{efn|<br /> * Films for which Haasan won other acting awards (other than National Award and Filmfare Award):<br /> * 1. For [[Varumayin Niram Sivappu]] (1980), Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor<br /> * 2. For [[Swathi Muthyam]] (1986), Asia-Pacific Film Festival Award for Best Actor, Nandi Award for Best Actor<br /> * 3. For [[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]] (1989), Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor<br /> * 4. For [[Chanakyan]] (1989), Cinema Express Award for Best Actor – Malayalam<br /> * 5. For [[Michael Madana Kama Rajan]] (1990), Cinema Express Award for Best Actor – Tamil<br /> * 6. For [[Chachi 420]] (1997), Zee Cine Award for Best Actor in a Comic Role<br /> * 7. For [[Pammal K. Sambandam]] (2002), V Shantaram Award for Best Actor – Tamil<br /> * 8. For [[Anbe Sivam]] (2003), Southern India Cinematographers Association Award for Best Actor<br /> * 9. For [[Vettaiyaadu Vilaiyaadu]] (2006), Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor, Film Fans' Association Award for Best Actor<br /> * 10. For [[Dasavathaaram]] (2008), Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor, Ananda Vikatan Cinema Award for Best Actor, Vijay Awards for Best Comedian, Best Villain and Favourite Hero, Film Fans' Association Award for Best Actor<br /> * 11. For [[Vishwaroopam]] (2013), Vijay Award for Best Actor, Behindwoods Gold Medal Award for Legendary Performance as Actor<br /> * 12. For [[Uttama Villain]] (2015), Los Angeles Independent Film Festival (LAIFF) Award for Best Actor, MGR-SIVAJI Academy Award for Best Actor<br /> * 13. For [[Papanasam (film)|Papanasam]] (2015), MGR-SIVAJI Academy Award for Best Actor<br /> * 14. For [[Thoongaa Vanam]] (2015), MGR-SIVAJI Academy Award for Best Actor<br /> * 15. For [[Kalki 2898 AD]] (2024), South Indian International Movie Award (SIIMA) for Best Actor in a Negative Role – Telugu}}<br /> <br /> He has won many other cinematic awards for producing, directing, screenwriting, singing, lyric writing, choreographing and dancing.{{efn|<br /> * Films for which Haasan won other cinematic awards (other than acting awards):<br /> * 1. For [[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]] (1989), Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil and Cinema Express Award for Best Film – Tamil<br /> * 2. For [[Thevar Magan]] (1992), National Film Award for Best Tamil Feature Film, Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Feature Film (Second Prize) and Cinema Express Award for Best Film – Tamil<br /> * 3. For [[Kuruthipunal (film)|Kuruthipunal]] (1995), Cinema Express Award for Best Film – Tamil<br /> * 4. For [[Virasat (1997 film)|Virasat]] (1997), Filmfare Award for Best Story – Hindi and Screen Award for Best Story<br /> * 5. For [[Hey Ram]] (2000), Bengal Film Journalists' Association Award for Most Outstanding Work of the Year<br /> * 6. For [[Virumaandi]] (2004), Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival (PiFan) Best Asian Film Award<br /> * 7. For [[Dasavathaaram]] (2008), Ananda Vikatan Cinema Award for Best Screenplay, Vijay Awards for Best Story, Screenplay Writer and Best Dialogue Writer<br /> * 8. For [[Manmadan Ambu]] (2010), Vijay Music Awards for Best Lyricist and Best Song sung by an Actor (Song: Neela Vaanam)<br /> * 9. For [[Vishwaroopam]] (2013), Vijay Award for Favourite Director, Behindwoods Gold Medal Award for Legendary Performance as Director, Writer, Producer and Singer, Jagran Film Festival Special Jury Award for raising the bar of mainstream Indian cinema to International level<br /> * 10. For [[Uttama Villain]] (2015), Los Angeles Independent Film Festival (LAIFF) Awards for Best Picture, Best Produced Screenplay and Best Original Song (Song: Iraniyan Naadagam), Behindwoods Gold Medal Award for Best Song Choreographer<br /> * 11. For [[Thoongaa Vanam]] (2015), MGR-SIVAJI Academy Award for Best Film<br /> * 12. For [[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]] (2022), South Indian International Movie Award (SIIMA) for Best Playback Singer (Male) – Tamil (Song: Pathala Pathala), Osaka Tamil International Film Festival Award for Best Tamil Film<br /> * 13. For [[Amaran (2024 film)|Amaran]] (2024), Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil, South Indian International Movie Award (SIIMA) for Best Film – Tamil, Chennai International Film Festival Award for Best Tamil Feature Film<br /> * 14. Haasan has also received the [[Big FM Tamil Entertainment Awards|Big FM Tamil Entertainment Award]] for Best Bharatanatyam Dancer}}<br /> <br /> He has also won many [[List of awards and nominations received by Kamal Haasan#Film Festival Awards|awards]] at various international film festivals,{{efn|<br /> * Haasan's films that were screened at film festivals in countries other than India:<br /> * 1. [[Sagara Sangamam]] (1983) – Asia-Pacific Film Festival, Moscow International Film Festival<br /> * 2. [[Swathi Muthyam]] (1986) – Asia-Pacific Film Festival, Moscow International Film Festival<br /> * 3. [[Nayakan]] (1987) – International Film Festival Rotterdam<br /> * 4. [[Pushpaka Vimana (1987 film)|Pushpaka Vimana]] (1987) – Cannes Film Festival, International Film Festival Rotterdam, Shanghai International Film Festival<br /> * 5. [[Thevar Magan]] (1992) – International Film Festival Rotterdam, Toronto International Film Festival<br /> * 6. [[Mahanadhi (1994 film)|Mahanadhi]] (1994) – International Film Festival Rotterdam<br /> * 7. [[Kuruthipunal (film)|Kuruthipunal]] (1995) – International Film Festival Rotterdam<br /> * 8. [[Hey Ram]] (2000) – International Film Festival Rotterdam, Toronto International Film Festival, Locarno Film Festival<br /> * 9. [[Aalavandhan]] (2001) – Fantastic Fest<br /> * 10. [[Virumaandi]] (2004) – International Film Festival Rotterdam, Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival (PiFan)<br /> * 11. [[Vishwaroopam]] (2013) – India International Film Festival of Tampa Bay<br /> * 12. [[Uttama Villain]] (2015) – Los Angeles Independent Film Festival (LAIFF)<br /> * 13. [[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]] (2022) – Busan International Film Festival, Osaka Tamil International Film Festival<br /> * 14. [[Kalki 2898 AD]] (2024) – Busan International Film Festival}} including the inaugural Best Asian Film Award at the [[Bucheon International Fantastic Film Festival]], South Korea, for his directorial [[Virumaandi]] (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Virumandi&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2004 |title=Virumandi wins at Puchon Film Fest |website=IndiaGlitz |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/hindi/article/10030.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613091331/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/hindi/article/10030.html |archive-date=13 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Other movies for which he has received Filmfare Award nominations are: [[Avargal]] (1977), [[Maro Charitra]] (1978), [[Ilamai Oonjal Aadukirathu]] (1978), [[Ninaithale Inikkum (1979 film)|Ninaithale Inikkum]] (1979), [[Ek Duuje Ke Liye]] (1981), [[Vaazhvey Maayam]] (1982), [[Sadma]] (1983), [[Oru Kaidhiyin Diary]] (1985), [[Punnagai Mannan]] (1986), [[Sathyaa]] (1988), [[Unnal Mudiyum Thambi]] (1988), [[Kalaignan]] (1993), [[Mahanadhi (1994 film)|Mahanadhi]] (1994), [[Magalir Mattum (1994 film)|Magalir Mattum]] (1994), [[Sathi Leelavathi (1995 film)|Sathi Leelavathi]] (1995), [[Subha Sankalpam]] (1995), [[Avvai Shanmugi]] (1996), [[Aalavandhan]] (2001), [[Panchatanthiram]] (2002), [[Vasool Raja MBBS]] (2004), [[Unnaipol Oruvan (2009 film)|Eenadu]] (2009), [[Unnaipol Oruvan (2009 film)|Unnaipol Oruvan]] (2009).<br /> <br /> ===Other honours===<br /> [[File:The Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh giving away the Special Achievement award to veteran actor Kamal Haasan, at the CNN-IBN Indian of the Year Awards 2009 ceremony, in New Delhi on December 21, 2009.jpg|thumb|The [[Prime Minister of India]], Shri [[Manmohan Singh]] presenting the [[CNN-News18 Indian of the Year#Special awards|CNN-IBN Indian of the Year Special Award]] to Shri Kamal Haasan, for completing 50 years in cinema, in [[New Delhi]] on December 21, 2009]]<br /> <br /> * Haasan was conferred two [[Honorary Doctorates]], one by [[Sathyabama University]] in 2005,&lt;ref name=&quot;Dr Kamal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2005 |title=Dr Kamal Haasan! |publisher=[[Rediff.com|Rediff]] News |access-date=17 January 2011 |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/jan/24spice.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514065835/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/jan/24spice.htm |archive-date=14 May 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt; one by [[Centurion University]] in 2019.<br /> * Haasan received the [[CNN-News18 Indian of the Year#Special awards|CNN-IBN Indian of the Year Special Award]], from the [[Prime Minister of India]], [[Manmohan Singh]], for completing 50 years in cinema in 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url = http://www.indianoftheyear.com/index09.php |title = CNN-IBN Indian of the Year 2009 |work = CNN-IBN |publisher = Global Broadcast News Ltd |accessdate = 11 June 2011 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20111130205158/http://www.indianoftheyear.com/index09.php |archivedate = 30 November 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan was appointed an ambassador by the [[United Nations]] in 2007, for its joint campaign with the Tamil Nadu State AIDS Control Society to protect the rights of people living with [[HIV]].<br /> * Haasan was ranked the 2nd biggest and most famous Indian actor of all time by the British magazine [[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]] in 2025.<br /> * Haasan was awarded the [[:fr:Prix Henri-Langlois|Henri Langlois Prize]] in 2016, a French honour, for his contributions to international cinema.<br /> * Haasan's portrayal of an innocent man, scammed and imprisoned, in [[Mahanadhi (1994 film)|Mahanadhi]] (1994), was selected by [[Forbes India]] as one of the 25 greatest acting performances of Indian cinema.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-04-27 |title=25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/100-years-of-indian-cinema/25-greatest-acting-performances-of-indian-cinema/35125/0 |website=Forbes India |access-date=25 August 2025 |archive-date=26 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026022021/https://www.forbesindia.com/article/100-years-of-indian-cinema/25-greatest-acting-performances-of-indian-cinema/35125/0 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Nayakan]] (1987) was chosen as one of the 100 greatest films of all time by the American magazine [[Time (magazine)|TIME]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=2005-02-12 |title=All-TIME 100 Movies |url=https://entertainment.time.com/2005/02/12/all-time-100-movies/slide/all/ |magazine=TIME |access-date=17 November 2024 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011659/https://entertainment.time.com/2005/02/12/all-time-100-movies/slide/all/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Anbe Sivam]] (2003) was selected as one of the 25 best Indian movies of the 21st century by [[The Hollywood Reporter India]].<br /> * The [[Directorate of Film Festivals]] organised a three-day &quot;Kamal Haasan Film Festival&quot; from 2 to 4 July 2010,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2010-06-29 |title=Kamal Haasan film festival in New Delhi |url=https://www.chitramala.in/kamal-haasan-film-festival-in-new-delhi-120791.html |website=Chitramala |access-date=19 August 2025 |archive-date=25 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250825011505/https://www.chitramala.in/kamal-haasan-film-festival-in-new-delhi-120791.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; presided over by the [[Minister of Information and Broadcasting]] of India, Smt. [[Ambika Soni]], and showcased seven of his best films – [[Sagara Sangamam]] (1983), [[Nayakan]] (1987), [[Thevar Magan]] (1992), [[Hey Ram]] (2000), [[Anbe Sivam]] (2003), [[Virumaandi]] (2004), and [[Dasavathaaram]] (2008) in which he played ten distinct roles.<br /> * Haasan was honoured by the [[Chief Minister of Kerala]], [[V. S. Achuthanandan]], for his 50 years in Indian cinema, during the inauguration of [[Onam]] celebrations organised by the [[Government of Kerala]] in 2010.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kerala honours Kamal&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Kerala honours Kamal Haasan |publisher=[[Hindu|The Hindu]] News |access-date=18 January 2011 |url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/article588181.ece |date=22 August 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825092207/http://www.thehindu.com/arts/article588181.ece |archive-date=25 August 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan was invited by the [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] in 2025 to become a member of its Actors Branch, for being an &quot;exceptionally talented individual having made indelible contributions to global filmmaking community.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-06-26 |title=THE ACADEMY INVITES 534 TO MEMBERSHIP |url=https://press.oscars.org/news/academy-invites-534-membership |website=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |quote=Through their commitment to filmmaking and to the greater movie industry, these exceptionally talented individuals have made indelible contributions to our global filmmaking community. |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2025 |access-date=27 June 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250627075036/https://press.oscars.org/news/academy-invites-534-membership |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan received the first Golden Beaver Award for &quot;transforming cinema — bridging cultures, breaking barriers, and inspiring audiences worldwide&quot; at the Indian Film Festival of Alberta, Canada (2025).&lt;ref name=&quot;2025IFFA&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-10-06 |title=Kamal Haasan receives Golden Beaver Award at Indian Film Festival of Alberta |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Oct/06/kamal-haasan-receives-golden-beaver-award-at-indian-film-festival-of-alberta |website=Cinema Express |archive-date=19 October 2025 |access-date=6 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251019090506/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Oct/06/kamal-haasan-receives-golden-beaver-award-at-indian-film-festival-of-alberta |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan was one of 20 Indian cinematic icons, whose extraordinary achievements were acknowledged in the 24th edition of the [[Limca Book of Records]] (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Kamal Haasan, Mani Ratnam and Prabhu Deva are the chosen ones |year=2013 |url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-10/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-and-prabhu-deva-are-the-chosen-ones-kamal-haasan-coca-cola-16-04-13.html |access-date=23 April 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130418232522/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-10/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-and-prabhu-deva-are-the-chosen-ones-kamal-haasan-coca-cola-16-04-13.html |archive-date=18 April 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan was the first Indian actor invited aboard an American ship, as a special friend of the [[United States]] in 2012.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Ship&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Kamal Haasan in mid-ocean when earthquake struck|access-date=3 May 2012|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Kamal-Haasan-in-mid-ocean-when-earthquake-stuck/articleshow/12685899.cms|date=16 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521023229/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-16/news-interviews/31349356_1_tsunami-earthquake-ship|archive-date=21 May 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan was awarded the &quot;Original Pan-India Superstar&quot; Special Award at the 2022 [[10th South Indian International Movie Awards|South Indian International Movie Awards]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=SIIMA 2022 Winners |url=https://siima.in/awards-2022 |website=South Indian International Movie Awards (SIIMA) |access-date=19 August 2025 |archive-date=28 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250828170536/https://siima.in/awards-2022 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan received the first [[Abraham Kovoor#Legacy|A. T. Kovoor National Award for the Secular Artist]] in 2005, in acknowledgment of his humanist and philanthropic activities.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AWARD |url=https://thehinduimages.com/details-page.php?id=4356114 |website=The Hindu |access-date=15 August 2025 |archive-date=26 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250826101147/https://thehinduimages.com/details-page.php?id=4356114 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan was named as one of the 50 most powerful Indians by [[India Today]] magazine in 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-04-14 |title=50 power people: Presenting the definitive list of India's 50 most powerful. |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20170424-india-today-top-50-powerful-indians-mukesh-ambani-ratan-tata-kumar-mangalam-birla-gautam-adani-anand-mahindra-srk-amitabh-bacchan-986203-2017-04-14 |quote=Because his 58-year-long association with the industry as actor, screenwriter, director and producer enables him today to experiment and innovate with remarkable ease. |website=India Today |access-date=19 August 2025 |archive-date=23 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123004222/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20170424-india-today-top-50-powerful-indians-mukesh-ambani-ratan-tata-kumar-mangalam-birla-gautam-adani-anand-mahindra-srk-amitabh-bacchan-986203-2017-04-14 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan became the first South Indian actor to speak at the [[Harvard University]], United States in 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title= French honour for Kamal Haasan |url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/french-honour-for-kamal-haasan/articleshow/51642609.cms |website= The Times of India |access-date= 1 October 2025 |archive-date= 20 October 2025 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20251020042552/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/french-honour-for-kamal-haasan/articleshow/51642609.cms |url-status= live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan was awarded the Mirchi Music Special Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music (2014).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url = https://youtube.com/watch?v=DIlY7MqrW6o |title = Mirchi Music Awards - Kamal Haasan |website = YouTube |date = 6 September 2015 |access-date = 26 August 2025 |archive-date = 19 October 2025 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20251019115151/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DIlY7MqrW6o |url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan was honoured with the Maestro Award for lifetime achievement by [[Whistling Woods International]] in 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kamal Haasan At WWI's 7th Annual Convocation |date=2014-07-23 |url=https://www.whistlingwoods.net/news-media/kamal-haasan-at-wwis-7th-annual-convocation-www-indiaglitz-com-july-23-2014/ |website=Whistling Woods International |access-date=26 August 2025 |archive-date=7 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250907053342/https://www.whistlingwoods.net/news-media/kamal-haasan-at-wwis-7th-annual-convocation-www-indiaglitz-com-july-23-2014/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Haasan received the Living Legend Award from the [[Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce &amp; Industry]] in 2007.&lt;ref name=&quot;FICCI Living Legend Award&quot;&gt;{{cite web|year=2007 |title=Kamal Haasan to receive Living Legend Award |website=IndiaGlitz.com |access-date=17 January 2011 |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/29781.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613145155/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/29781.html |archive-date=13 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Controversies==<br /> <br /> Haasan has been involved in several controversies.<br /> <br /> In 2015, Haasan was criticised by the-then Tamil Nadu Finance Minister [[O. Panneerselvam]], who stated that Haasan was &quot;confused&quot; and had &quot;blabbered&quot;, unaware of the ground reality for his statement on the government's response to rain relief efforts.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/tn-finance-minister-slams-kamal-hassan-for-flaying-relief-measures/article7952750.ece|title=TN Finance Minister slams Kamal Haasan for flaying relief measures|newspaper=The Hindu|date=5 December 2015|access-date=14 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212011743/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/tn-finance-minister-slams-kamal-hassan-for-flaying-relief-measures/article7952750.ece|archive-date=12 February 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Kamal-Haasan-talking-gibberish-not-in-his-senses-says-state-finance-minister-OPanneerselvam/articleshow/50056081.cms|title=Kamal Haasan talking gibberish, not in his senses, says state finance minister O Panneerselvam|work=[[The Times of India]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208015536/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Kamal-Haasan-talking-gibberish-not-in-his-senses-says-state-finance-minister-OPanneerselvam/articleshow/50056081.cms |date= 8 December 2015|url-status=live|archive-date=8 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Haasan was also criticised by ''Nayakan''{{'s}} producer Muktha Srinivasan for his article in ''[[The Hindu]]'' taking unnecessary credit for that film.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-sundaymagazine/living-in-past-glory/article4039603.ece|title=Living in past glory&amp;nbsp;– Visakhapatnam|date=28 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125060843/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-sundaymagazine/living-in-past-glory/article4039603.ece |archive-date=25 January 2013|access-date=14 July 2016|newspaper=The Hindu}}&lt;/ref&gt; Directors like [[Bharathan]], who was irked by the unnecessary interferences of Kamal during the filming of ''Thevar Magan'', and [[Balachandra Menon]], who criticized Kamal for making his film, ''Kanden Seethaiyai'', shelved by leaving the project, were some of the filmmakers who had rifts with Kamal.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/heres-why-balachandra-menon-called-kamal-haasan-insane-646835 | title=Here's why Balachandra Menon called Kamal Haasan 'insane' | website=[[International Business Times]] | date=16 September 2015 | access-date=24 June 2023 | archive-date=7 June 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607092701/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/heres-why-balachandra-menon-called-kamal-haasan-insane-646835 | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Sibi Malayil]] was supposed to direct the film [[Gunaa]]. But when he understood that Kamal Haasan would take the decisions regarding the making of film, Sibi withdrew from the project.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2024/03/06/cameraman-venu-malayalam-movie-manjummel-boys-tamil-movie-kamal-haasan-gunaa.html | title=As 'Manjummel Boys' rocks BO, cameraman Venu offers a flashback into Kamal's daring shoot in Guna caves 3 decades ago | access-date=6 March 2024 | archive-date=16 March 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240316085501/https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2024/03/06/cameraman-venu-malayalam-movie-manjummel-boys-tamil-movie-kamal-haasan-gunaa.html | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Haasan has been accused of self-indulgence,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news<br /> |title=The legendary Kamal Haasan speaks<br /> |website=[[Sify]] |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/malayalam/interview.php?id=13302467&amp;cid=2408&amp;page=1<br /> |url-status=dead<br /> |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105033200/http://www.sify.com/movies/malayalam/interview.php?id=13302467&amp;cid=2408&amp;page=1<br /> |archive-date= 5 November 2013<br /> }}&lt;/ref&gt; and has been criticised for sexually explicit scenes and themes, offending religious sentiments and superficiality on social issues depicted in his films.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Kamal Haasan's Dasavatharam faces ire of Hindu outfits |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kamal-hassans-dasavatharam-faces-ire-of-hindu-outfits/64674-8.html |access-date=24 January 2011 |newspaper=[[CNN-IBN]] |date=6 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105031719/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kamal-hassans-dasavatharam-faces-ire-of-hindu-outfits/64674-8.html |archive-date= 5 November 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=கமலுக்கு இந்து மக்கள் கட்சி நோட்டீஸ் |url=https://cinema.dinamalar.com/tamil-news/2978/cinema/Kollywood/.htm |access-date=24 January 2011 |newspaper=[[Dina Malar]] |date=10 December 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710130659/http://cinema.dinamalar.com/tamil-news/2978/cinema/Kollywood/.htm |archive-date=10 July 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Kamala Haasan&amp;nbsp;– Nigazha Marutha Arputham (The Miracle that never happened) by [[Charu Nivedita]], ''[[India Today]]'', Jan 2009&lt;/ref&gt; There have also been complaints about his obsession with perfection, which may have caused some of his films to [[cost overrun|run over budget]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Curse of talent&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Prem Panicker |year=2003 |title=The result was a nightmare...&amp;nbsp;– Prem Panicker |work=[[Rediff.com]] |access-date=22 January 2011 |url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/2003/nov/08kamal5.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622104924/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2003/nov/08kamal5.htm |archive-date=22 June 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=As star power wanes.. |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2002/11/08/stories/2002110801030300.htm |access-date=24 January 2011 |date=8 November 2002 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607065307/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2002/11/08/stories/2002110801030300.htm |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |archive-date= 7 June 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-and-interviews/When-Parvathy-slipped-in-front-of-Kamal/articleshow/37640825.cms |title=When Parvathy slipped in front of Kamal&amp;nbsp;– The Times of India |work=The Times of India |date=3 July 2014 |access-date=3 July 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810094320/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-and-interviews/When-Parvathy-slipped-in-front-of-Kamal/articleshow/37640825.cms |archive-date=10 August 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He was also accused of kissing actress [[Rekha Harris]] without her consent in a scene during the shooting of ''Punnagai Mannan''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/chinmayi-on-rekhas-revelation-about-punnagai-mannan-kissing-scene/articleshow/74302265.cms | title=Chinmayi on Rekha's revelation about Punnagai Mannan kissing scene | newspaper=The Times of India | date=25 February 2020 | archive-date=24 June 2023 | access-date=24 June 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230624193713/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/chinmayi-on-rekhas-revelation-about-punnagai-mannan-kissing-scene/articleshow/74302265.cms | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; His former partner Gautami had said that Kamal Haasan hasn't paid her salary dues since 2016. She also accused Haasan of hurting her film prospects by preventing her from working with others.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/chennai/gautami-says-kamal-haasan-hasnt-paid-her-salary-dues-since-2016/articleshow/63065036.cms | title=Gautami says Kamal Haasan hasn't paid her salary dues since 2016 | newspaper=The Times of India | date=25 February 2018 | archive-date=24 June 2023 | access-date=24 June 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230624193712/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/chennai/gautami-says-kamal-haasan-hasnt-paid-her-salary-dues-since-2016/articleshow/63065036.cms | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In November 2017, Haasan said that [[Hindu nationalism|right-wing Hindus]] have started employing extremism to propagate their communal agenda.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/saffron-terrorism-kamal-haasan-says-right-wing-hindus-have-started-employing-terrorism/articleshow/61453672.cms|title=Kamal Haasan says right wing Hindus have started employing terrorism|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=2 November 2017 |access-date=2 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171103135840/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/saffron-terrorism-kamal-haasan-says-right-wing-hindus-have-started-employing-terrorism/articleshow/61453672.cms|archive-date=3 November 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In May 2019, he passed a controversial remark that independent India's first terrorist was a [[Hindus|Hindu]] during his election campaign.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=PTI |date=2019-05-13 |title=Free India's first terrorist was a Hindu, his name is Nathuram Godse: Kamal Haasan |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/free-indias-first-terrorist-was-hindu-his-name-was-godse-says-kamal-haasan/article27114060.ece/ |access-date=2025-05-24 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=24 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250524234947/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/free-indias-first-terrorist-was-hindu-his-name-was-godse-says-kamal-haasan/article27114060.ece |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In May 2025, Haasan made a statement that &quot;Kannada was born out of Tamil&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=&quot;Your Language (Kannada) Was Born Out Of Tamil&quot;: Kamal Haasan Comment Sparks Row |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/your-language-kannada-was-born-out-of-tamil-kamal-haasan-comment-sparks-row-8522871 |access-date=2025-08-06 |website=www.ndtv.com |language=en |archive-date=16 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250716014629/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/your-language-kannada-was-born-out-of-tamil-kamal-haasan-comment-sparks-row-8522871 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;, which offended [[Kannadigas]] and Pro-Kannada activists. His refusal to apologise sparked wide spread protests in [[Karnataka]] and led to the Karnataka Film Chamber of Commerce calling for ban on the release of [[Thug Life (2025 film)|Thug Life]]. On 3 June 2025, the [[Karnataka High Court]], warned Haasan that he cannot use his right to speech &quot;to hurt sentiments&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Mathur |first=Abhimanyu |date=3 June 2025 |title=Kamal Haasan faces ire of Karnataka High Court for not apologising in Kannada row: 'Are you a historian or linguist' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/kamal-haasan-earns-the-ire-of-karnataka-high-court-for-not-apologising-over-kannada-row-thug-life-101748933814429.html |access-date=14 June 2025 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |archive-date=9 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250709030304/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/kamal-haasan-earns-the-ire-of-karnataka-high-court-for-not-apologising-over-kannada-row-thug-life-101748933814429.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/kamal-haasan-5-observations-karnataka-high-court-made-on-thug-life-actors-kannada-tamil-remark-8575357 | title=&quot;Won't Permit Anyone To...&quot;: 5 Observations Court Made in Kamal Haasan Case | access-date=3 June 2025 | archive-date=3 June 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250603074131/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/kamal-haasan-5-observations-karnataka-high-court-made-on-thug-life-actors-kannada-tamil-remark-8575357 | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In August, 2025, Haasan made controversial remarks on the necessity of education in Chennai, &quot;Education (is the) only weapon that can break (the) chains of dictatorship and [[Sanātana Dharma|Sanatan]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title='Education only weapon that can break chains of dictatorship and Sanatan': Rajya Sabha MP Kamal Haasan | website=The New Indian Express | date=2025-08-04 | url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2025/Aug/04/education-only-weapon-that-can-break-chains-of-dictatorship-and-sanatan-rajya-sabha-mp-kamal-haasan | access-date=2025-08-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last=Madhav | first=Pramod | title=Education only weapon to break shackles of dictatorship, Sanatan: Kamal Haasan | website=India Today | date=2025-08-04 | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/tamil-nadu/story/actor-politician-kamal-haasan-neet-education-weapon-to-break-shackles-dictatorship-sanatan-2765800-2025-08-04 | access-date=2025-08-06 | archive-date=5 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250805085359/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/tamil-nadu/story/actor-politician-kamal-haasan-neet-education-weapon-to-break-shackles-dictatorship-sanatan-2765800-2025-08-04 | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Elections contested and positions held==<br /> ===Rajya Sabha elections===<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%;background:#FAE6E6;text-align:center&quot;<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;|Elections<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;|Constituency<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;colspan=2|Political party<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;|Result<br /> |-<br /> |[[2025 Rajya Sabha elections|2025]]||[[List of Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu]]||[[Makkal Needhi Maiam|MNM]]||{{party color cell|Makkal Needhi Maiam}}||{{Won}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly elections===<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%;background:#FAE6E6;text-align:center&quot;<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;rowspan=2|Elections<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;rowspan=2|Assembly<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;rowspan=2|Constituency<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;colspan=3 rowspan=2|Political party<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;rowspan=2|Result<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;rowspan=2|Vote percentage<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;colspan=5|Opposition<br /> |-<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;|Candidate<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;colspan=3|Political party<br /> !style=&quot;background-color:#D60505;color:white&quot;|Vote percentage<br /> |-<br /> |[[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2021]]||[[16th Tamil Nadu Assembly|16th]]||[[Coimbatore South Assembly constituency|Coimbatore South]]||[[Makkal Needhi Maiam|MNM]]||[[File:Indian Election Symbol Battery-Torch.png|20px]]||{{party color cell|Makkal Needhi Maiam}}||{{Lost}}||33.26%||[[Vanathi Srinivasan]]||[[BJP]]||[[File:Lotus flower symbol.svg|20px]]||{{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}||34.38%<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Positions in Parliament of the Republic of India===<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; text-align:center&quot;<br /> !rowspan=2|Elections<br /> !rowspan=2|Position<br /> !rowspan=2|Elected constituency<br /> !colspan=3|Term in office<br /> |-<br /> !Assumed office<br /> !Left office<br /> !Time in office<br /> |-<br /> |[[2025 Rajya Sabha elections|2025]]<br /> |[[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]<br /> |[[List of Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu]]<br /> |25 July 2025&lt;ref name=&quot;Kamal Haasan, three DMK MPs take oath as Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1= |title=Kamal Haasan, three DMK MPs take oath as Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kamal-haasan-mnm-chief-takes-oath-as-rajya-sabha-member/article69853726.ece |access-date=25 July 2025 |work=The Hindu |date=25 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250725143903/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kamal-haasan-mnm-chief-takes-oath-as-rajya-sabha-member/article69853726.ece |archive-date=25 July 2025 |language=en-IN}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |''Incumbent''<br /> |{{age in years and days|2025|07|25}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Bibliography ==<br /> <br /> * {{cite book<br /> |author = K. Hariharan<br /> |author-link = K. Hariharan (director)<br /> |date = 10 July 2024<br /> |title = Kamal Haasan: A Cinematic Journey<br /> |edition = 1st<br /> |publisher = [[HarperCollins|HarperCollins Publishers India]]<br /> |pages = 280 pages<br /> |isbn = 9789354899621<br /> |quote = One of the greatest actors India has ever produced, Kamal Haasan is unique in many ways. He has usually gone beyond just enacting a role to completely immersing himself in it.<br /> |no-pp=yes<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Kamal Haasan filmography]]<br /> *[[Kamal Haasan discography]]<br /> *[[List of awards and nominations received by Kamal Haasan]]<br /> *[[Kamal Haasan's unrealized projects]] <br /> *[[Raaj Kamal Films International]]<br /> *[[Makkal Needhi Maiam]]<br /> *[[List of South Indian film families#Haasan family|Haasan family]]<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{notelist}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Sister project links|d=Q381477|c=Category:Kamal Haasan|q=Kamal Haasan|b=no|wikt=no|s=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|species=no|n=no}}<br /> *{{IMDb name|0352032}}<br /> *{{Discogs artist}}<br /> <br /> {{Kamal Haasan}}<br /> {{Navboxes<br /> |title = [[List of awards and nominations received by Kamal Haasan|Awards for Kamal Haasan]]<br /> |list =<br /> {{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}<br /> {{NTR National Award}}<br /> {{Filmfare Award for Best Actor}}<br /> {{Filmfare Award for Best Story}}<br /> {{Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam}}<br /> {{Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil}}<br /> {{Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu}}<br /> {{Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada}}<br /> {{Nandi Award for Best Actor}}<br /> {{National Film Award Best Actor}}<br /> {{Padma Bhushan Award recipients 2010–2019}}<br /> {{Tamil Nadu State Award for Best Actor}}<br /> {{SIIMA Award for Best Actor in a Negative Role – Telugu}}<br /> {{Zee Cine Award for Best Actor in a Comic Role}}<br /> }}<br /> {{Raaj Kamal Films International}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Haasan, Kamal}}<br /> [[Category:Kamal Haasan| ]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:1954 births]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors from Chennai]]<br /> [[Category:Filmfare Awards winners]]<br /> [[Category:Indian atheists]]<br /> [[Category:Indian male film actors]]<br /> [[Category:Indian male screenwriters]]<br /> [[Category:Film producers from Chennai]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors in Hindi cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors in Kannada cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors in Malayalam cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil male actors]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil film directors]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil film producers]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language playback singers]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil screenwriters]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil film poets]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil Nadu State Film Awards winners]]<br /> [[Category:People from Ramanathapuram district]]<br /> [[Category:Best Actor National Film Award winners]]<br /> [[Category:Nandi Award winners]]<br /> [[Category:Recipients of the Rashtrapati Award]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]<br /> [[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts]]<br /> [[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]<br /> [[Category:Indian male child actors]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian composers]]<br /> [[Category:Chevaliers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]]<br /> [[Category:Hindi-language film directors]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language film directors]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]<br /> [[Category:Indian Tamil people]]<br /> [[Category:Screenwriters from Tamil Nadu]]<br /> [[Category:Indian actor-politicians]]<br /> [[Category:Indian political party founders]]<br /> [[Category:Makkal Needhi Maiam politicians]]<br /> [[Category:Zee Cine Awards winners]]<br /> [[Category:South Indian International Movie Awards winners]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parsik_Hill&diff=524570 2026-03-23T16:08:30Z

<p>KurtFaucett: adding the info v1 - done</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}<br /> {{Infobox forest<br /> | name = Parsik Hill<br /> | native_name =<br /> | native_lang = <br /> | native_name2 =<br /> | native_lang2 =<br /> | image =<br /> | image_caption =<br /> | image_size =<br /> | map = Mumbai<br /> | map_caption = Parsik Hill<br /> | map_width =<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|19|9|36.31|N|73|1|17.77|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}<br /> | location =<br /> | county =<br /> | region = [[Maharashtra]]<br /> | country = [[India]]<br /> | elevation = 235 m. (1985)<br /> | area = 15 square km.<br /> | max_area =<br /> | date_max_area =<br /> | status =<br /> | established =1806 by queen victoria<br /> | visitation =<br /> | visitation_year =<br /> | events =Railway tunnel and bollywood film shooting<br /> | authority =India Railway(IRCTC)<br /> | website =<br /> | ecosystem =<br /> | classification_WWF =<br /> | classification_EPA =<br /> | classification_CEC =<br /> | disturbance =<br /> | forest_cover =<br /> | species =<br /> | indicator_plants =<br /> | lesser_flora = <br /> | fauna =<br /> }}<br /> '''Parsik Hill''' is a hill in the [[Mumbai metropolitan area]], in the [[Thane]] district of [[Maharashtra]], [[India]].<br /> It has a rail tunnel called Parsik tunnel. It is one of the longest and oldest tunnels in India and Asia.<br /> <br /> ==Geography==<br /> The hill has {{convert|10|ft|m}} wide ridge that runs {{convert|7|km|miles}} north and south, paralleling the railway lines. The hill is approximately 15 square kilometres area of [[Reserved forests and protected forests of India|reserved forests]], crossing into sections of both [[Thane]] and the north side of [[Navi Mumbai]], where quarrying has removed the trees from the hill.&lt;ref name=&quot;TOI&quot;&gt;{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Encroachment-quarrying-take-a-toll-on-Parsik-Hill/articleshow/16226389.cms | title=Encroachment, quarrying take a toll on Parsik Hill | date=3 September 2012 | work=The Times of India | access-date=6 April 2013 | author=Clara Lewis, TNN | archive-date=23 April 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130423141904/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-03/mumbai/33562482_1_parsik-hill-forest-department-encroachment | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Shaw&quot;&gt;{{cite book | title=The Making of Navi Mumbai | publisher=Orient Blackswan | author=Annapurna Shaw | year=2004 | pages=91, 116 | isbn=8125026002}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1985, the highest peak rose to {{convert|235|m|ft}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | title=The Making of Navi Mumbai | publisher=Orient Blackswan | author=Annapurna Shaw | year=2004 | pages=92 | isbn=8125026002}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kapadia p. 51&quot;&gt;{{cite book | title=Trek the Sahyadris | publisher=Indus Publishing | author=Harish Kapadia | year=2004 | pages=51 | isbn=8173871515 | edition=fifth }}&lt;/ref&gt; Also on the top of hill stands the official residence of the Mayor of [[Navi Mumbai]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web<br /> | title = Bombay HC pulls up NMMC for acquiring 6 plots adjoining Mayor's residence | work=The Indian Express<br /> |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/bombay-hc-pulls-up-nmmc-for-acquiring-6-plots-adjoining-mayors-residence-4379649/<br /> |date=17 November 2016| accessdate = 2016-11-28 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Parsik's steep, [[Shrubland|scrub]] [[grassland]] hills have featured in some [[Bollywood movies]].&lt;ref name=Shaw /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kohli&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ecological factors==<br /> Due to the impact of quarrying and [[illegal housing]], there is concern about the extent to which the reserved forest will remain in years to come. An ecological activist comments: &quot;The hill has a huge potential for [[eco-tourism]], given that it runs through the municipal limits of Thane and Navi Mumbai and is about 30 minutes from [[Mumbai]]. Besides trekking trails, there is also a rock-climbing centre in Mumbra.&quot; The ecological balances is also being unsettled by the number of people building and living in [[shanty town|shanties]] in the forest, which could result in reduction or disappearance of species of [[flora]] and [[fauna]], including more than 100 bird species.&lt;ref name=&quot;TOI&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Uses==<br /> <br /> ===Parsik Tunnel===<br /> {{further|Parsik tunnel}}<br /> The famous Parsik tunnel on {{rws|Mumbai CSMT}}-{{rws|Kalyan Junction}} mainline lies in this hill. This tunnel is between {{rws|Kalwa}} and {{rws|Mumbra}}. Double [[5 ft 6 in gauge railway|Broad gauge]] track electrified passes through this tunnel. This reduced the distance between Thane and Diva Junction {{convert|7|km|abbr=on}} from formal {{convert|9.6|km|abbr=on}}. This tunnel is {{convert|1.3|km|abbr=on}} in length. This tunnel is one of the oldest tunnel in Asia.<br /> <br /> ===Recreational area===<br /> It has been a favorite area for [[hiker]]s and, since the 1960s, for [[rock climber]]s.&lt;ref name=&quot;TOI&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kohli&quot;&gt;{{cite book | title=Mountains of India: Tourism, Adventure and Pilgrimage | publisher=Indus Publishing | author=M.S. Kohli | year=2004 | pages=259 | isbn=8173871353}}&lt;/ref&gt; Courses began to be conducted at Parsik Hills, having had a reputation as &quot;some of the most interesting and convenient area for rock climbing&quot;, from the 1960s to 1980s by [[Darjeeling]] [[Sherpa people|Sherpa]] instructors. One of the noted instructors was [[Nawang Gombu]]. Rock climbers can complete advanced climbs in one half to one day. The area, most enjoyable in the winter or monsoon season, must be accessed by cutting through groups of illegal shanties, or [[shanty town|hutments]], that occupy the hill.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | title=Trek the Sahyadris | publisher=Indus Publishing | author=Harish Kapadia | year=2004 | pages=15, 51 | isbn=8173871515 | edition=fifth }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Quarrying===<br /> The area is losing its recreational appeal. About 9% of the top of the hill has been leveled due to [[quarry]]ing, which is contracted to continue until about 2017. Material for general and road construction is created by blasting rock from the hill. It is estimated that at the present rate of excavation, 30% of the hill will have been removed or destroyed within that time.&lt;ref name=&quot;TOI&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | title=The Making of Navi Mumbai | publisher=Orient Blackswan | author=Annapurna Shaw | year=2004 | pages=119 | isbn=8125026002}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Illegal housing===<br /> Thousands of shanties, especially along [[Shil Phata, India|Shil Phata]] Road, have been built to shelter otherwise homeless families; Forest officials were reported in 2012 to estimate 11,000 shelters were built in the forested land. About 100 unauthorized temples have also been built on the hill. Chief Conservator of the Forests, R K Pole, stated that there are periodic campaigns to remove the shanties in accordance with high court orders, but the net result is that there is little effort, whether through &quot;lack of administrative will and indulgence from political parties&quot;, to properly protect the forest land. Deputy Conservator of the Forests, G T Chavan said that there were plans to better police and protect the land; &quot;We will build a 50-km-long wall. We are working towards evicting the squatters.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;TOI&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> === Gavli Dev Water Fall ===<br /> [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/navi-mumbai/gavlidev-waterfall-not-scenic-anymore-thanks-to-revellers/articleshow/59638203.cms Gavli Dev]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=Jul 18, 2017 |title=Gavli Dev |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/navi-mumbai/gavlidev-waterfall-not-scenic-anymore-thanks-to-revellers/articleshow/59638203.cms |access-date=Jul 18, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; water fall is a famous waterfall and Bird sanctuary of Navi Mumbai region based in between Mahape &amp; Rabale area right behind [[Jio|Reliance Jio Park]]. The name Gavli Dev comes from the temple on the top of mountain also Gavli Dev &amp; it is Lord Shivas temple without a roof. A lot of local people visit this area for annual puja &amp; worship. A large gathering is observed on [[Maha Shivaratri]] day. The waterfall comes to Thane forest zone of Maharashtra forest department. This is a hidden Beauty of [[Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation]] area. One can go off-road a bit next to industrial area and find the Water fall an awesome picnic spot. In 2022 Municipal Corporation has undertaken this area to build it as a tourist spot.<br /> <br /> {{See also|2013 Thane building collapse|Illegal housing in India}}<br /> <br /> ==Gallery==<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;220px&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Navi Mumbai.jpg|View of [[Navi Mumbai]] from Parsik Hill, including building on and beyond Palm Beach Road<br /> File:Radha Madan Mohan.jpg|Sri Sri Radha Madan Mohanji Ju at [[Gaudiya Vaishnavism|Gaudiya Vaishnava Association]] (GVA) Bhagavat Dham, Parsik Hill, [[CBD Belapur]], Navi Mumbai<br /> File:Parsikhill.jpg|Parsik Hill walkway<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==Further reading==<br /> * {{cite book | title=The Mumbai Nature Guide | publisher=India Book House | author=Sunjoy Monga | year=2004}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Reserved forests of India]]<br /> [[Category:Important Bird Areas of India]]<br /> [[Category:Geography of Thane district]]<br /> [[Category:Navi Mumbai]]<br /> [[Category:Illegal housing]]<br /> [[Category:Hills of Maharashtra]]<br /> [[Category:Thane district]]<br /> [[Category:Parsi culture]]<br /> [[Category:Squatting in India]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thiru._Vi._Ka._Bridge&diff=540897 2026-03-17T12:05:10Z

<p>KurtFaucett: made new data.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Bridge in Chennai, India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox bridge<br /> | image = <br /> | caption = <br /> | official_name = <br /> | carries = 6 lanes of traffic<br /> | crosses = [[Adyar River]]<br /> | locale = [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India<br /> | maint = <br /> | designer = <br /> | design = <br /> | mainspan = <br /> | length = <br /> | width = <br /> | height = <br /> | clearance = <br /> | below = <br /> | traffic = <br /> | material = Concrete<br /> | begin = <br /> | complete = <br /> | open = <br /> | closed = <br /> | toll = <br /> | coordinates = {{coord|13|0|45.8|N|80|15|33.3|E}}<br /> }}&lt;!--End Infobox Bridge--&gt;<br /> '''Thiru Vi. Ka. Bridge''' is a [[road bridge]] across the [[Adyar River]] in [[Chennai]], India. It is connects [[Mylapore]] to the north of the river with [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar]] to the south.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2018/Nov/02/chennai-thiru-vi-ka-bridge-renovation-work-lags-broken-footpath-miffs-pedestrians-1893466.html|title=Thiru-Vi-Ka bridge renovation work lags, broken footpath miffs pedestrians|date=2 November 2018|access-date=1 June 2024|newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Named after [[Indian independence activist]] [[Thiru. V. Kalyanasundaram]], the bridge was constructed in 1973 to replace the [[Elphinstone Bridge, Chennai|Elphinstone Bridge]], constructed in 1840.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/173yearold-elphinstone-bridge-gets-a-makeover/article4302496.ece|title=173-year-old Elphinstone Bridge gets a makeover|date=8 June 2013|access-date=1 June 2024|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Portal|India}}<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Chennai Topics}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Bridges over the Adyar River]]<br /> [[Category:Bridges and flyovers in Chennai]]<br /> {{India-bridge-struct-stub}}</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Femina_Miss_India_2016&diff=499043 2026-03-12T18:06:28Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Creating details</p> <hr /> <div>{{third-party|date=February 2016}}<br /> {{Infobox beauty pageant<br /> | photo =<br /> | caption = Femina Miss India 2016<br /> | venue = Yash Raj Studios, [[Mumbai]], [[India]]<br /> | date = April 9, 2016<br /> | acts = [[Tiger Shroff]], [[Varun Dhawan]]<br /> | entrants = 21<br /> | broadcaster = [[Colors (TV channel)]], [[Zoom (Indian TV channel)]]<br /> | winner =<br /> | photogenic = Sushruthi krishna &lt;br&gt; [[Bangalore]]<br /> | congeniality = Natasha Singh &lt;br&gt; [[Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh|Bilaspur]]<br /> |best national costume = [[Roshmitha Harimurthy]] &lt;br&gt; [[Bangalore]]<br /> |presenters=[[Karan Johar]], [[Manish Paul]], [[Shah Rukh Khan|Shahrukh khan]], [[Shahid Kapoor]] performance Act choreographed by inder sharma a bollywood dance choreographer<br /> |award1 label = Beauty with a purpose<br /> |award1 =Sushruthi Krishna<br /> | before = [[Femina Miss India 2015|2015]]<br /> | next = [[Femina Miss India 2017|2017]] <br /> }}<br /> <br /> The 53rd edition of the [[Femina Miss India]] beauty pageant was held on 9 April 2016 in [[Mumbai]]. Twenty-one contestants competed for the titles of Femina Miss India 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/contestants/Miss-India-2016/contestantslist/51341456.cms|title=Miss India 2016 - 2016 - Miss India Contestants - Miss India - Beauty Pageants - Indiatimes|website=Femina Miss India}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Aditi Arya]] crowned [[Priyadarshini Chatterjee]] as her successor. She represented India at [[Miss World 2016]], Sushruthi Krishna was crowned as the 1st Runner Up by [[Aafreen Vaz]], and [[Pankhuri Gidwani]] was crowned as the 2nd Runner Up by [[Vartika Singh]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.femina.in/beauty-pageants/miss-india/miss-india-contestants/2016/miss-india-2016/pankhuri-gidwani/contestantprofile/51341672.cms|title=Pankhuri Gidwani profile}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Priyadarshini Chatterjee]] who won Femina Miss India World 2016 represented India at [[Miss World 2016]] held in [[United States|USA]] and placed in the top 20.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/fashion/miss-puerto-rico-stephanie-del-valle-crowned-miss-world-2016-miss-india-priyadarshini-chatterjee-makes-it-to-top-20-4434984/|title=Miss Puerto Rico crowned Miss World 2016; Miss India makes it to Top 20|date=December 19, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Pankhuri Gidwani]] who won Femina Miss India 2nd Runner Up 2016 was designated Miss Grand India 2016 and represented India at Miss Grand International 2016 held in [[United States|USA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/getahead/report/glamour-pankhuri-gidwani-miss-grand-international/20161019.htm|title=Has India sent a winner to Miss Grand International?|website=Rediff}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> After the Femina Miss India 2016 pageant, [[Lopamudra Raut]] who was not a contestant at Femina Miss India 2016, but had been a contestant in the [[Femina Miss India 2013|2013]] and [[Femina Miss India 2014|2014]] editions, was later designated by [[Femina Miss India|Femina]] as India's representative at Miss United Continents 2016 held in [[Ecuador]] where she placed as 2nd Runner Up.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/fashion/lopamudra-raut-is-second-runner-up-in-miss-united-continents-3050822/|title=India's Lopamudra Raut is second runner-up in Miss United Continents|date=September 26, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Final results==<br /> {{unreferenced section|date=March 2025}}<br /> ;Color keys<br /> {{col-begin}}<br /> {{col-2}}<br /> {{plainlist|<br /> * {{Color box|gold|border=darkgray}} The contestant Won in an International pageant.<br /> * {{Color box|#FFFF66|border=darkgray}} The contestant was a Runner-up in an International pageant.<br /> * {{Color box|#FFFACD|border=darkgray}} The contestant was a Semi-Finalist in an International pageant.<br /> * {{Color box|white|border=darkgray}} Unplaced<br /> }}<br /> {{col-end}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 95%;&quot;<br /> ! style=&quot;width:280px;background-color:#787878;color:#FFFFFF;&quot;| Placement<br /> ! style=&quot;width:250px;background-color:#787878;color:#FFFFFF;&quot;| Contestant<br /> ! style=&quot;width:250px;background-color:#787878;color:#FFFFFF;&quot;| International placement<br /> |-align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background:#FFFACD; font-weight: bold&quot;<br /> ! Miss India 2016<br /> |<br /> * [[Priyadarshini Chatterjee]]<br /> | Top 20<br /> |-align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background:white; font-weight: bold&quot;<br /> ! Miss India Grand International 2016<br /> |<br /> * Pankhuri Gidwani<br /> | Unplaced<br /> |-align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background:#FFFF66; font-weight: bold&quot;<br /> ! Miss India United Continents 2016<br /> |<br /> * [[Lopamudra Raut]] '''*'''<br /> | 2nd Runner-up<br /> |-<br /> ! 1st Runner-up<br /> |<br /> * Sushruthi Krishna<br /> |-<br /> ! Top 5<br /> |<br /> * [[Roshmitha Harimurthy]]<br /> * Navpreet Kaur<br /> |-<br /> ! Top 10<br /> |<br /> * Dnyanda Shringarpure <br /> * Natasha Singh<br /> * [[Gayathri Reddy]]<br /> * Vaishnavi Patwardhan<br /> * Aradhana Buragohain<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> &lt;small&gt;'''*''': Although Lopamudra Raut was not a contestant in Femina Miss India 2016, she was later appointed by Femina as the representative of India in Miss United Continents 2016.&lt;/small&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Contestants==<br /> {| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot;<br /> ! Contestant !! Age !! Height !! City<br /> |-<br /> |Adya Niraj || 18 || {{height|m=1.70}} || [[Ranchi]]<br /> |-<br /> |Aishwarya Sheoran || 19 || {{height|m=1.86}} || [[New Delhi]]<br /> |-<br /> |Akshita Yadav || 21 || {{height|m=1.69}} || [[New Delhi]]<br /> |-<br /> |Aneesha Nitin Rane || 18 || {{height|m=1.69}} || [[Kannur]]<br /> |-<br /> |Aradhana Buragohain || 24 || {{height|m=1.73}} || [[Dibrugarh]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dimple Paul || 25 || {{height|m=1.70}} || [[Mumbai]]<br /> |-<br /> |Dnyanda Shringarpure || 17 || {{height|m=1.73}} || [[Pune]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[Gayathri Reddy]] || 20 || {{height|m=1.68}} || [[Chennai]]<br /> |-<br /> |Natasha Singh || 23 || {{height|m=1.70}} || [[Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh|Bilaspur, HP]]<br /> |-<br /> |Navpreet Kaur || 18 || {{height|m=1.72}} || [[Adampur]]<br /> |-<br /> |Nazneen Shaik|| 20 || {{height|m=1.73}} || [[Surat]]<br /> |-<br /> |Niharika Anand || 22 || {{height|m=1.71}} || [[New Delhi]]<br /> |-<br /> |Pankhuri Gidwani || 18 || {{height|m=1.76}} || [[Lucknow]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[Priyadarshini Chatterjee]] ||19 || {{height|m=1.72}} || [[Dhubri]]<br /> |-<br /> |Priyanka Singh ||24 || {{height|m=1.78}} || [[Jaipur]]<br /> |-<br /> |Rajkanya Baruah ||23 || {{height|m=1.68}} || [[Guwahati]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[Roshmitha Harimurthy]] || 21|| {{height|m=1.74}} || [[Bangalore]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sanjana GL ||22 || {{height|m=1.73}} || [[Bangalore]]<br /> |-<br /> |Sushruthi Krishna ||22 || {{height|m=1.69}} || [[Bangalore]]<br /> |-<br /> |Vaishnavi Patwardhan ||21 || {{height|m=1.73}} || [[Pune]]<br /> |-<br /> |Zeba Baig || 23|| {{height|m=1.69}} || [[Indore]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Judging panel==<br /> * [[Amy Jackson]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;/&gt;<br /> * [[Kabir Khan (director)|Kabir Khan]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;/&gt;<br /> * [[Yami Gautam]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;/&gt;<br /> * [[Arjun Kapoor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;/&gt;<br /> * [[Ekta Kapoor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;/&gt;<br /> * [[Sanjay Dutt]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Delhi girl Priyadarshini Chatterjee crowned Miss India World 2016 | website=[[India Today]] | date=April 10, 2016 | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/lifestyle/what-s-hot/story/delhi-girl-priyadarshini-chatterjee-miss-india-world-2016-sushruthi-krishna-shah-rukh-khan-karan-johar-manish-paul-317245-2016-04-10 | access-date=April 16, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Sania Mirza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;/&gt;<br /> * [[Manish Malhotra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;/&gt;<br /> * [[Mireia Lalaguna]] - [[Miss World 2015]] from [[Spain]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;/&gt;<br /> * [[Shane Peacock (fashion designer)|Shane Peacock]]&lt;ref name=&quot;India Today 2016&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Presenters==<br /> * [[Manish Paul]] - Host<br /> * [[Karan Johar]] - Host<br /> * [[Shah Rukh Khan|Shahrukh Khan]] - Final Results<br /> * [[Shahid Kapoor]]<br /> * [[Varun Dhawan]] - Introducing Top 5<br /> <br /> ==City pageant winners==<br /> * Winners of the City Pageants will get a direct entry to fbb Femina Miss India 2016.<br /> <br /> ===Femina Miss India Bangalore===<br /> * [[Femina Miss India Bangalore|Femina Miss India Bangalore 2016]] winners<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Winner<br /> !1st Runner Up<br /> !2nd Runner Up<br /> |-roshni<br /> |[[Roshmitha Harimurthy]]<br /> |Elizabeth Thadikaran<br /> |Sanjana GL<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Femina Miss India Kolkata===<br /> * [[Femina Miss India|Femina Miss India Kolkata 2016]] winners<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Winner<br /> !1st Runner Up<br /> !2nd Runner Up<br /> |-roshni<br /> |Rajkanya Baruah<br /> |Sushmita Roy<br /> |Adya Niraj<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Femina Miss India Delhi===<br /> * [[Femina Miss India Delhi|Femina Miss India Delhi 2016]] winners<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Winner<br /> !1st Runner Up<br /> !2nd Runner Up<br /> |-roshni<br /> |Priyadarshini Chatterjee<br /> |Natasha Singh<br /> |Rinki Ghildiyal<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/photos/unveiling-the-fbb-femina-miss-india-2016-finalists/eventshow/51333944.cms Femina Miss India 2016 Finalists] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312015253/http://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/photos/unveiling-the-fbb-femina-miss-india-2016-finalists/eventshow/51333944.cms |date=2016-03-12 }}<br /> <br /> {{Femina Miss India}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Femina Miss India|2016]]<br /> [[Category:2016 in India]]<br /> [[Category:2016 beauty pageants]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aaro_Pranam&diff=474502 2026-03-03T18:16:25Z

<p>KurtFaucett: correct references after review per standard format</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Aaro Pranam<br /> | image = Aaro Pranam.jpg<br /> | alt = &lt;!-- see WP:ALT --&gt;<br /> | caption = Theatrical release poster<br /> | director = Veeru K<br /> | producer = V. Srinivasa Reddy<br /> | writer = Veeru K<br /> | story = <br /> | starring = [[Vineeth]] &lt;br /&gt;[[Soundarya]]<br /> | music = Veeru K<br /> | studio = <br /> | distributor = <br /> | released = {{Film date|1997|09|26|df=y}}<br /> | cinematography = V. Srinivasa Reddy<br /> | editing = <br /> | runtime = 140 minutes<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Telugu<br /> | budget = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Aaro Pranam''''' ({{translation|Sixth Life}}) is a 1997 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language film directed by Veeru K and stars [[Vineeth]] and [[Soundarya]].<br /> <br /> == Plot ==<br /> The film is about a relationship between a man, Chanti, and a woman, Akankshaa, who is one year older than the man. How they convince their relatives to accept their relationship forms the rest of the story.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/barely-dressed-barely-there-heroines-for-how-long-will-telugu-cinema-celebrate-misogyny-tollywood-item-songs-actress|title=Barely Dressed, Barely There Heroine: Tollywood's Misogyny Lingers|author=Karthik Keramalu|date=27 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;The Hindu&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/films-and-love-undone-by-barriers/article22741796.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|title=Films and love, undone by barriers|first=Srivathsan|last=Nadadhur|date=13 February 2018|access-date=19 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Cast ==<br /> {{cast listing|<br /> * [[Vineeth]] as Chanti<br /> * [[Soundarya]] as Aakaanksha<br /> * [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] as Kodandapani, Chanti's father<br /> * [[Lakshmi (actress)|Lakshmi]] as Chanti's mother<br /> * [[Bramhanandam]] as College Professor<br /> * [[Vadivelu]] as Chanti's friend<br /> * [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]] as Yaswanth, Aakaanksha's father<br /> * [[Radhika Sarathkumar|Radhika]] as Aakaanksha's mother<br /> * [[Nirmalamma]] as Chanti's grandmother<br /> * [[Tanikella Bharani]]<br /> * [[M. S. Narayana]]<br /> * [[Babu Mohan]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Production ==<br /> The film was shot at [[Annapurna Studios]] in Hyderabad.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/pulagam-chinnarayanas-interview-national-level-recognition-maya-bazar-madhura-smruthulu-792254|title=Pulagam Chinnarayana's interview on national-level recognition for Maya Bazar Madhura Smruthulu|work=International Business Times|author=Shekhar H Hooli|date=19 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film was initially planned as a bilingual, with a Tamil title of ''Kadallikkalam Vaa'', but eventually was not made.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.minnoviyam.com/star/track8.html |title=Minnoviyam Star Tracks |website=www.minnoviyam.com |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990420190059/http://www.minnoviyam.com/star/track8.html |archive-date=20 April 1999 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Soundtrack ==<br /> {{Track listing<br /> | collapsed = <br /> | headline = Tracklist&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Aaro Pranam (1997) |url=https://mio.to/album/K.+Veeru/Aaro+Pranam+%281997%29 |website=Music India Online |access-date=18 September 2019 |archive-date=17 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210617210734/https://mio.to/album/K.+Veeru/Aaro+Pranam+%281997%29 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | extra_column = Singer(s)<br /> | all_music = Veeru K.<br /> <br /> | title1 = Preminchava<br /> | lyrics1 = [[Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry]]<br /> | extra1 = Annupamaa, [[K. S. Chithra]], [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]<br /> | length1 = <br /> | title2 = Pedaviki Pedavi<br /> | lyrics2 = [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]]<br /> | extra2 = Lavanya, [[Mano (singer)|Mano]]<br /> | length2 = <br /> | title3 = Chelli Chenta Levu<br /> | lyrics3 = Saddeve Devendra<br /> | extra3 = K. S. Chithra, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam<br /> | length3 = <br /> | title4 = Tell Me You Love Me<br /> | lyrics4 = Saddeve Devendra<br /> | extra4 = K. S. Chithra, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam<br /> | length4 = <br /> | title5 = Venavantra Abbai<br /> | lyrics5 = Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry<br /> | extra5 = [[Jikki]], S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Mano, [[Sujatha Mohan]]<br /> | length5 = <br /> | title6 = Makhana Makhana<br /> | lyrics6 = [[Bhuvana Chandra]]<br /> | extra6 = Mano, Rajgopal Reddy<br /> | length6 = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==Reception and legacy==<br /> A critic opined that &quot;With a talented director like Veeru as the story writer and music director the movie is splendid, but the story is a slight let down&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/AAROPRAA.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980213002028/http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/AAROPRAA.htm | archive-date=13 February 1998 | title=Reviews }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The concept of a man dating an older woman is prevalent in the film ''[[Ye Maaya Chesave]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;The Hindu&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Awards ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Award<br /> ! Nominee<br /> ! Outcome<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{Tooltip|Ref.|References}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|1997<br /> | [[Nandi Award for Best First Film of a Director]]<br /> | Veeru K<br /> | {{won}}<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|first=L. Venu |last=Gopal|title=Nandi Awards 1997–2000|url=http://telugucinemacharitra.blogspot.in/2011/01/andhra-pradesh-state-nandi-film.html|publisher=Telugu Cinema Chartira|access-date=17 September 2019|date=7 January 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | [[Nandi Special Jury Award]]<br /> | Chanti (Art Director)<br /> | {{won}}<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/inter_chantiaddala.html|title=Interview with Chanti Addala|author=Jeevi|date=17 July 2002|work=idlebrain}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * {{IMDb title|1579731}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1997 films]]<br /> [[Category:1997 Telugu-language films]]<br /> [[Category:1997 drama films]]<br /> [[Category:Indian drama films]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{1990s-Telugu-film-stub}}</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Unarvugal_Thodarkadhai&diff=542588 2026-03-03T02:25:32Z

<p>KurtFaucett: made a article</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Unarvugal Thodarkadhai<br /> | image = Unarvugal Thodarkadhai.jpg<br /> | caption = Theatrical release poster<br /> | director = Balu Sharma<br /> | writer = Balu Sharma<br /> | screenplay = <br /> | story = <br /> | producer = Sameer Bharath Ram<br /> | starring = {{Plainlist| <br /> * [[Hrishikesh (actor)|Hrishikesh]] <br /> * Sherlin Seth<br /> }}<br /> | cinematography = Sundar Ram krishnan<br /> | editing = Kiran&lt;br /&gt;Deselva<br /> | music = Hari Dafusia&lt;br /&gt;Amin Mirza&lt;br /&gt;Ajmal Khan<br /> | studio = Super Talkies<br /> | distributor = <br /> | released = {{Film date|2024|3|8|df=yes}}<br /> | runtime = <br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Tamil<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Unarvugal Thodarkadhai''''' ({{Translation|Beginning story of emotions}}) is 2024 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[romantic drama film]] directed by Balu Sharma and starring [[Hrishikesh (actor)|Hrishikesh]] and Sherlin Seth.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} The film was released after a four year delay to negative reviews.&lt;ref name=&quot;Release&quot; /&gt; The film's title is based on a song from ''[[Aval Appadithan]]'' (1978).<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> *[[Hrishikesh (actor)|Hrishikesh]] as Karthik<br /> *Sherlin Seth as Priya<br /> *RJ Ajai Titus as Karthik's friend<br /> *[[Sriranjani (Tamil actress)|Sriranjani]]<br /> *VJ Adams<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> [[Hrishikesh (actor)|Hrishikesh]] plays a software professional who is forced into marriage by his parents.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=30 June 2019 |title=Hrishikesh plays a married man in Unarvugal... |url=https://www.dtnext.in/cinema/2019/07/01/hrishikesh-plays-a-married-man-in-unarvugal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417072747/https://www.dtnext.in/cinema/2019/07/01/hrishikesh-plays-a-married-man-in-unarvugal |archive-date=17 April 2024 |access-date=17 April 2024 |website=www.dtnext.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; Miss India Tamil Nadu 2017 winner Sherlin Seth plays a business development manager.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 March 2024 |title=Hrishikesh &amp; Sherlin Seth's Unarvugal Thodarkadhai censored U/A |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/hrishikesh-sherlin-seths-unarvugal-thodarkadhai-censored-u/a/articleshow/108290750.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417073430/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/hrishikesh-sherlin-seths-unarvugal-thodarkadhai-censored-u/a/articleshow/108290750.cms |archive-date=17 April 2024 |access-date=17 April 2024 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;T&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Soundtrack ==<br /> The music was composed by Hari Dafusia, Amin Mirza and Ajmal Khan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 February 2024 |title=Hrishikesh &amp; Sherlin Seth's Unarvugal Thodarkadhai trailer |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/watch-the-trailer-of-hrishikesh-sherlin-seths-unarvugal-thodarkadhai/articleshow/107527969.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327201149/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/watch-the-trailer-of-hrishikesh-sherlin-seths-unarvugal-thodarkadhai/articleshow/107527969.cms |archive-date=27 March 2024 |access-date=17 April 2024 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=25 June 2020 |title=Dhanush releases first single from Hrishikesh &amp; Sherlin Seth's 'Unarvugal Thodarkathai' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/dhanush-releases-first-single-from-hrishikesh-sherlin-seths-unarvugal-thodarkathai/articleshow/76626702.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417073031/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/dhanush-releases-first-single-from-hrishikesh-sherlin-seths-unarvugal-thodarkathai/articleshow/76626702.cms |archive-date=17 April 2024 |access-date=17 April 2024 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Song2&quot; /&gt;<br /> {{Track listing<br /> | headline = Track listing&lt;ref name=&quot;Release&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=27 March 2021 |title=Unarvugal Thodarkathai (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://www.amazon.com/Minsaaramaai/dp/B0917BDPNH |website=[[Amazon Music]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | extra_column = Singer(s)<br /> | total_length = 14:45<br /> | title1 = Koba Kanalgal Theeradha&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unarvugal Thodarkathai - Koba Kanalgal Theeradha Lyric &amp;#124; Hrishikesh, Sherlin Seth &amp;#124; Amin Mirza |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vKdP5M-9tac |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417072821/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vKdP5M-9tac |archive-date=2024-04-17 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=[[Sony Music India]] | date=25 June 2020 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | music1 = Amin Mirza <br /> | lyrics1 = Madhan<br /> | extra1 = Gowtham Bharadwaj<br /> | length1 = 4:06<br /> | title2 = Alaya&lt;ref name=&quot;Song&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unarvugal Thodarkathai - Alaya Lyric &amp;#124; Hrishikesh, Sherlin Seth &amp;#124; Hari Dafusia l Nikhita Gandhi |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iIWVdfscnrc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103074833/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iIWVdfscnrc&amp;feature=youtu.be |archive-date=2020-11-03 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=[[Sony Music India]] | date=3 September 2020 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | music2 = Hari Dafusia<br /> | lyrics2 = [[Ko Sesha]], Jay Kha Ra, Hari Dafusia <br /> | extra2 = [[Nikhita Gandhi]], Hari Dafusia <br /> | length2 = 3:46<br /> | title3 = Minsaaramaai&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unarvugal Thodarkathai - Minsaaramaai Lyric &amp;#124; Hrishikesh, Sherlin Seth &amp;#124; Hari Dafusia |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkXTDFYAGXY |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417074010/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkXTDFYAGXY |archive-date=2024-04-17 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=[[Sony Music India]] | date=8 April 2021 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | music3 = Hari Dafusia<br /> | lyrics3 = Ko Sesha<br /> | extra3 = Sreekanth Hariharan. Hari Dafusia<br /> | length3 = 3:36<br /> | title4 = Thodarum Kadhaiyaaga&lt;ref name=&quot;Song2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Thodarum Kadhaiyaaga - Music Video&amp;#124; Unarvugal Thodarkathai &amp;#124; Hrishikesh, SherlinSeth, DevanEkambaram |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cABtD8OTm7Y |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417072808/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cABtD8OTm7Y&amp;feature=youtu.be |archive-date=2024-04-17 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=[[Sony Music India]] | date=22 September 2023 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | music4 = Ajmal Khan<br /> | lyrics4 = Naveen Bharathi<br /> | extra4 = [[Devan Ekambaram]], Niharika Patro<br /> | length4 = 3:17<br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Reception == <br /> A critic from ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the film two out of five stars and wrote that &quot;There are interesting moments in the film that are intriguing but are never delved into&quot; and added that &quot;It’s as if the makers were dead sure that they wanted to make a film that remained surface-level and didn’t go even a little deeper&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unarvugal Thodarkadhai Movie Review : A generic watch without emotional depth that's content with being surface-level |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/unarvugal-thodarkadhai/movie-review/108382844.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327141647/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/unarvugal-thodarkadhai/movie-review/108382844.cms |archive-date=2024-03-27 |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; A critic from ''[[Maalai Malar]]'' gave the film the same rating and wrote that &quot;Most of the scenes with both the hero and the heroine are uninteresting. A weak screenplay is a weakness for the film&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 March 2024 |title=Unarvugal Thodarkadhai |url=https://www.maalaimalar.com/movie-review/unarvugal-thodarkadhai-158099 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327201041/https://www.maalaimalar.com/movie-review/unarvugal-thodarkadhai-158099 |archive-date=27 March 2024 |access-date=27 March 2024 |website=www.maalaimalar.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> *{{IMDb title|15354848}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]<br /> [[Category:2024 Tamil-language films]]<br /> [[Category:2024 Indian films]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kahra_village,_Mandi&diff=507383 2026-02-24T10:05:02Z

<p>KurtFaucett: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}<br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Kahra<br /> | other_name = <br /> | nickname = <br /> | settlement_type = village<br /> | image_skyline = File:Kahra Peepul Pt IITMandi Himachal Mar19 D72 10021.jpg<br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_caption = Kahra village, Mar '19<br /> | pushpin_map = India Himachal Pradesh<br /> | pushpin_label_position = right<br /> | pushpin_map_alt = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = <br /> | coordinates = {{coord|31.7638|N|76.9882|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[Himachal Pradesh]]<br /> | established_title = &lt;!-- Established --&gt;<br /> | established_date = <br /> | founder = <br /> | named_for = <br /> | government_type = <br /> | governing_body = <br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | area_footnotes = <br /> | area_rank = <br /> | area_total_km2 = 1.39<br /> | elevation_footnotes = <br /> | elevation_m = 1150<br /> | population_total = 339<br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_rank = <br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym = <br /> | population_footnotes = <br /> | demographics_type1 = Languages<br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi]]<br /> | demographics1_title2 = Regional<br /> | demographics1_info2 = [[Mandeali]]<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = <br /> | postal_code = 175075<br /> | registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#HP.E2.80.94Himachal Pradesh|HP]]-<br /> | website = https://hpmandi.nic.in<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Kahra''' is a small village in [[Mandi district]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], [[India]]. The village is situated on a mountain ridge on the right bank of Neri-ki-khad, a tributary of the [[Uhl River]]. It is located {{Convert|5|km|mi|abbr=}} from MDR23 Mandi-Bajaura Road, at a distance of {{Convert|20|km|mi|abbr=}} from [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi town]]. The South Campus of [[IIT Mandi]] borders Kahra and the road to Kahra passes through the campus. The economy of Kahra is largely agrarian.<br /> <br /> ==Description==<br /> [[File:South IITMandi Kahra Neri Griffon Himachal Jan20 D72 13786.jpg|thumb|left|Kahra on a ridge above IIT Mandi, Jan '20]]<br /> Kahra is a small village on a ridge at an elevation of {{Convert|1150|m|ft|abbr=on}}, about {{Convert|100|m|ft|abbr=on}} above the Neri-Navlay valley floor. It is located at a distance of {{Convert|5|km|mi|abbr=}} from MDR23 at [[Kamand, Mandi district|Kamand]] bordering the South Campus of [[IIT Mandi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kamand-Kahra route|url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/directions?engine=graphhopper_car&amp;route=31.7767%2C76.9879%3B31.7646%2C76.9887#map=15/31.7704/76.9838&amp;layers=C|access-date=25 July 2021|website=[[OpenStreetMap]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; The road to the village passes through the South Campus. Kahra village has an area of {{Convert|139|ha|acre}}.&lt;ref name=CensusKahraA&gt;{{Cite book|title=District Census Handbook: Mandi, Himachal -- Village and Town Directory|publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Himachal Pradesh, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt of India|year=2011|series=3 Part XII A}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|page=1040}}<br /> <br /> The population as of the 2011 Census was 339 with 67 households.&lt;ref name=CensusKahraA /&gt;{{rp|page=1040}} Females comprise 51% of the population.&lt;ref name=&quot;CensusKahraB&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=District Census Handbook: Mandi, Himachal -- Village and Town wise Primary Census Abstract (PCA)|publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Himachal Pradesh, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt of India|year=2011|series=3 Part XII B}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|page=260}} The percentages of Scheduled Castes is 47.8% and of Scheduled Tribes is 2.4%. The literacy rate is 61.4%, with males at 72.9% and females 49.2%.&lt;ref name=CensusKahraB /&gt;{{rp|page=261}}<br /> <br /> The languages are Mandyali and Hindi. Kahra is a village in the Navlay [[Gram panchayat|Gram Panchayat]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=List of PRIs|url=https://hppanchayat.nic.in/PDF/Names%20of%20Gram%20Panchyats%203226%20Final.pdf|access-date=25 January 2021|website=Panchayati Raj Department, HP Govt}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is served by the India Posts Branch Office, Kamand with PIN code 175075.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Village/Locality based Pin mapping as on 16th March 2017|url=https://data.gov.in/node/2382441/download|access-date=25 July 2021|website=[[Data.gov.in]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Education==<br /> Kahra has a primary/middle school. The nearest government high school is in Kamand village {{Convert|5|km|mi}} distant.&lt;ref name=&quot;CensusKahraA&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=1040}} While there is 100% enrolment in primary school, many boys and girls drop out after schooling to take up work rather than higher education.&lt;ref name=RinkiSarkar&gt;{{Cite book|last=Sarkar|first=Rinki|title=Kamand Valley and Its Surroundings|publisher=Indian Institute of Technology Mandi|year=2017|isbn=978-93-5291-208-7|editor-last=Subramanian|editor-first=B.|series=Kamand Valley Monographs|volume=III|location=Kamand, Himachal Pradesh|editor-last2=Sethi|editor-first2=Devika}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|pages=40–41}} Village youth travel to [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]] for higher education in the [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Cluster University|Vallabh College]] or the Industrial Training Institute (ITI) Mandi. [[IIT Mandi]], an institute of national importance, borders Kahra.&lt;ref name=RinkiSarkar /&gt;{{rp|page=6}} It offers bachelors, masters and PhD in engineering, and masters and PhD in sciences and humanities. Students come to IIT from all parts of India and from some foreign countries. <br /> <br /> ==Economy==<br /> The economy is largely agrarian. Traditionally, maize is grown in the summer ([[Kharif crop|kharif]]) season. In the winter ([[Rabi crop|rabi]]) season, wheat, mustard and barley are grown. Livestock rearing is important, with cattle, sheep and goats. Crop residue is saved for use as fodder in winter. There is some export of meat, and sale of milk products, [[ghee]], [[Khoa|khoya]] and [[paneer]], in nearby towns.&lt;ref name=&quot;RinkiSarkar&quot; /&gt;{{rp|pages=20–22}}<br /> <br /> The upgradation of MDR23 from [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]] to [[Kullu]] that passes through the Kamand valley was taken up during the term of [[Kaul Singh Thakur]] as [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] starting in 1977.&lt;ref name=&quot;RinkiSarkar&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=36}} With improvements in the roads and transport, there has been a shift from grains and pulses to cash crops such as [[cauliflower]], [[radish]], [[tomato]], [[garlic]] and [[bean]]s.&lt;ref name=&quot;RinkiSarkar&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=39}} Villagers now buy processed grains and pulses from the plains in place of the organically-grown mountain grains and pulses. Villagers report a consequent decline in health, with greater morbidities affecting longevity.&lt;ref name=&quot;RinkiSarkar&quot; /&gt;{{rp|pages=41–42}}<br /> <br /> In order to earn extra cash, villagers work as labourers on road construction, etc.&lt;ref name=&quot;RinkiSarkar&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=24}} With the advent of IIT Mandi since 2010, villagers are employed as Class IV semi-skilled workers. These avenues strengthen the economic opportunities in Kahra.&lt;ref name=&quot;RinkiSarkar&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=45}}<br /> <br /> ==Transport==<br /> Public and private buses and private vans ply regularly between Mandi and various villages in the Kamand valley. The route from Mandi to Navlay passes below Kahra.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=16 April 2021|title=Institute Vehicle Schedule: HRTC bus timing operate through Kamand|url=https://iitmandi.ac.in/files/bus_schedule.pdf|access-date=19 April 2021|website=[[IIT Mandi]]|page=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mandi Bus Stand Local Route Time Table|url=https://disttmandi.com/mandi-bus-stand-local-route/|access-date=25 March 2021|website=DisttMandi.com|date=20 July 2015 |pages=Mandi - Reyagri via Navlay|no-pp=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[IIT Mandi]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Commons category}}<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Mandi district}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Villages in Mandi district]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=CCM_Medical_College,_Durg&diff=474430 2026-02-21T02:50:37Z

<p>KurtFaucett: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Medical school in Durg, India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox university<br /> | name = Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Government Medical College &amp; Hospital<br /> | image_size = <br /> | caption = <br /> | motto = <br /> | mottoeng = <br /> | established = {{start date and age|2013}}<br /> | type = Government<br /> | endowment = <br /> | dean = Dr. Tripti Nagaria<br /> | chairman = <br /> | students = <br /> | undergrad = 200 per batch<br /> | postgrad = <br /> | doctoral = <br /> | city = [[Durg]]<br /> | state = [[Chhattisgarh]]<br /> | country = [[India]]<br /> | free_label = <br /> | free = <br /> | logo = <br /> | image_name = <br /> | website = https://www.ccmgmcdurg.ac.in/<br /> | staff = <br /> | faculty = <br /> | affiliations = [[Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Memorial Health Sciences and Ayush University of Chhattisgarh]]<br /> | coor = {{coord|21.251|81.338|display=title,inline}}<br /> }}<br /> '''Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Government Medical College''', (also known as '''C.C.M. Medical College/C.M. Medical College/GMC Durg /CMMC Durg''') is a Government [[Medical college|medical school]] located in [[Durg]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[India]] named after [[Chandulal Chandrakar]] a journalist and politician of the area. It is affiliated with [[Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Memorial Health Sciences and Ayush University of Chhattisgarh]], [[Raipur]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Colleges affiliated to Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Memorial Health Sciences and Ayush University of Chhattisgarh| url=http://www.cghealthuniv.com/CollegeDetails.aspx|website=Pt. DUMHC &amp; Ayush University}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The college is attached to the CCMGMC Memorial Hospital for clinical postings of students and also has a 750 bedded hospital inside campus.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Memorial Health Sciences and Ayush University of Chhattisgarh}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Medical colleges in Chhattisgarh]]<br /> [[Category:Hospitals in Chhattisgarh]]<br /> [[Category:Colleges affiliated to Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Memorial Health Sciences and Ayush University of Chhattisgarh]]<br /> [[Category:Buildings and structures in Durg]]<br /> [[Category:2013 establishments in Chhattisgarh]]<br /> [[Category:Educational institutions established in 2013]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Chhattisgarh-university-stub}}</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Periyar_and_women%27s_rights&diff=525229 2026-02-12T08:22:23Z

<p>KurtFaucett: adding new post needs work - done</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|none}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}<br /> [[File:PeriyarEVRStamp.jpg|250px|thumb|right|[[Periyar|E V Ramasami]]]]<br /> {{Periyar}}<br /> '''[[Periyar E. V. Ramasamy]]'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.vengayam.org/html/ap_bios_eng1.asp A biographical sketch]{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; (17 September 1879&amp;nbsp;– 24 December 1973), also known as '''Ramaswami''', '''EVR''', '''Thanthai Periyar''', or '''Periyar''', was a [[Dravidian peoples|Dravidian]] [[social reformer]] and politician from [[India]], who founded the [[Self-Respect Movement]] and [[Dravidar Kazhagam]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Political Ideas in Modern India: thematic explorations |author1=Thomas Pantham |author2=Vrajendra Raj Mehta |author3=Vrajendra Raj Mehta |year= 2006|publisher=Sage Publications|isbn=0-7619-3420-0|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=KJejtAaonsEC&amp;dq=%22Self-respect+movement%22&amp;pg=PA48}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Political Theory and Political Thought |author= N.D. Arora/S.S. Awasthy|year= 2007|isbn=978-81-241-1164-2|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=szBpnYfmH0cC&amp;dq=%22Self-respect+movement%22&amp;pg=PA425}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Thakurta-1&quot;&gt;Thakurta, Paranjoy Guha and Shankar Raghuraman (2004) ''A Time of Coalitions: Divided We Stand'', Sage Publications. New Delhi, p. 230.&lt;/ref&gt; He advocated for the rights of women and was considered ahead of his time as well as controversial. Throughout the Indian sub-continent today, women continue to be marginalized in various ethnic and religious groups. During the early part of the twentieth century there have been a number of agitations against [[British Raj|British rule]] (external) and injustices committed amongst the people of the sub-continent (internal). With all this, women's rights have been left in the dark. Periyar stated that, &quot;political reformers are agitating that the privilege of administering &quot;India&quot; should go to &quot;Indians&quot;. Social reformers are agitating that communal divisions and differences should be done away with. But nobody takes notice of the great hardship suffered by one section of women. Intelligent people will agree that the creator has not endowed men and women with different faculties. There are, in both men and women, intellectuals, courageous people, as well as stupid and cowardly people. While this is the case, it is unfair and wicked on the part of the haughty male population to continue to denigrate and enslave the female population.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-1&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K. (1992) ''Periyar on Women's Rights''. Emerald Publishers: Madras, p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Periyar has explained that it is extremely cruel on the part of the Hindu brothers to witness the gradual destruction suffered by one half of their society, without taking any action. This apart, men and women are both human beings. The difference in physical features will not change the human quality. The difference in intellect and physical strength which we find among men can be found among women also. Practice improves the position equally in both men and women. Just as there are foolish people, weaklings and people with bad qualities among men, among women also there are likely to be people belonging to these categories.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-2&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 55.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Marriages==<br /> {{Dravidian politics-col}}<br /> With regards to marriage, Periyar has stated that it is one of the worst customs in India. He claimed that the marriage principle, briefly, involves the enslavement of a woman by her husband and nothing else. This enslavement is concealed under the cover of marriage rites to deceive the women concerned by giving the wedding the false name of a divine function.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-3&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 69.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> There have been a number of papers in South India reporting how husbands have killed their wives, suspecting immoral behavior. The husband's suspicion of his wife's character has often led to murders. Those who believe in the divine dispensation, according to Periyar, do not have the knowledge to ask themselves why marriages conducted according to religious rites and the approval of God end in this fashion.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-3&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Periyar further states that the very idea that the only proper thing for women to do is to be slaves of domesticity, bear children and bring them up, is a faulty one. As long as these restrictions are imposed on women, we can be sure that women have to be subservient to men and depend on men for help. If women have to live on terms of equality with men, they must have the liberty, like men, to have the kind of education they like and also to do unhampered, any work suitable to their knowledge, ability and taste.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-4&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 72.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Furthermore, Periyar objected to terms like &quot;giving of a maid&quot; and &quot;given in marriage&quot;. They are, &quot;Sanskrit terms&quot; and treat woman as a thing. He advocated the substitution of the word for marriage taken from the Tirukkual &quot;Valkai thunai&quot; or &quot;life partner&quot;.&lt;ref name=Diehl-1&gt;{{Cite book| last = Diehl| first = Anita|title = E.V. Ramasamy Naiker-Periyar| year = 1977| publisher = Scandinavian University Books| location = Sweden| pages = 67}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Expenses===<br /> With marriage comes the expenses. Periyar stated that in our country, and particularly in Hindu society, a marriage is a function causing a lot of difficulties and waste to all people concerned. But those who conduct the marriage function and those who are getting married do not appear to notice the attendant difficulties because they think that social life necessitates wasteful expense and multiple difficulties and therefore they must necessarily face those inconveniences and hardships.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-5&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Wedding feast, jewels, expensive clothes, procession, pandal, dance, music—money is spent on all these to satisfy the vanity of the organizers. Whatever may be the amount of money spent on the wedding and however pompous each of the items may be, the mirth and jollity associated with these are over in two or three days. In a week's time the prestige and honor connected with these are forgotten.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-5&quot;/&gt; But the wedding expenses leave multiple families crushed; for a number of poor families these expenses leave an enormous burden and the debts remain uncleared for a number of years.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-6&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', pp. 17 &amp; 18.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> However, if the money intended for the wedding expense is not borrowed and belongs to either of the marriage parties, then that amount could be used by her to bring up her children and to educate them. Such a procedure would be highly beneficial to her.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-7&quot;&gt;Keeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 19.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Arranged marriages===<br /> In South Asia we mostly hear of arranged marriages as part of custom, heritage, and religions. Periyar thought that the Aryan wedding methods were barbarous because of the Aryan religion and art: Vedas, Sastras, Puranas, and Epics belong to the barbaric age. He further stated that is the reason why their wedding methods involve the parents giving the girl, prostituting the girl children and some stranger carrying the girl away by force or stealth.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-8&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 21.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Arranged marriages in general were meant to enable the couple to live together throughout life and derive happiness, satisfaction and a good reputation, even years after the sexual urge and sexual pleasure are forgotten.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-9&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> But, with the selfish manipulation of this pact, Periyar claimed that women find 'pleasure' in slavish marriage because they have been brought up by their parents without education, independence and self-respect and because they have been made to believe that marriage means subordination to males. The inclusion of such slavish women in the group of 'chaste' women is another lure to them, leading them to find pleasure in such marriages.<br /> <br /> Because a man is also married before he has understood the nature of life, its problems and its pleasures, he is satisfied with the slavish nature of the wife and the sexual pleasure she gives. If he finds any incompatibility, he adapts himself to his partner and the circumstances and puts up with his lot.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-9&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Love marriages or Gandharva marriages===<br /> Gandharva marriage is when two people fall in love at first sight culminating in a physical union.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://new.modernrationalist.com/2012/04/women-and-self-respect-marriage-periyar-e-v-ramasamy/|title=Women and Self-respect Marriage – Periyar E.V. Ramasamy {{!}} Modernrationalist|website=new.modernrationalist.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-02-14|archive-date=14 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180214202818/http://new.modernrationalist.com/2012/04/women-and-self-respect-marriage-periyar-e-v-ramasamy/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gandharva marriages, claims Periyar, will suit only those who have no ideals in life. Such a wedding gives primacy to sexual union along and it is doubtful if it indicates an agreement between the couple for good life. Sexual compatibility alone does not ensure happy married life; the couple should be able to live together cheerfully. Suitability for life or living together can be determined only if the man and woman get used to the company of each other, and are satisfied with each other. Only then, they can enter into an agreement to live together.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-8&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Periyar further states that Gandharva marriages can give pleasure only as long as there is lust and the ability to satisfy that lust. If there is no compatibility between the partners in other respects, such marriages end only in the enslavement of women. The lies of such women resemble the lives of bullocks which are tied to a cart, beaten up and made to labor endlessly until they die.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-9&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Therefore, there is a proverb stating, &quot;A deeply loving girl is unfit for family life; a suitable life partner is unfit for love.&quot; Periyar believed that the agreement between partners to live together will constitute a better marriage than a love marriage.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-9&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Self-respect marriages===<br /> In a leading article of ''Viduthalai'', Periyar states that a self-respect wedding is based on rationalism. Rationalism is based on the individual's courage. Some may have the courage to conduct it during the time which almanacs indicate as the time of the planet Rahu and that, particularly in the evening. Some others may have just enough daring to avoid the Brahmin priest and his mother tongue - the Sanskrit language.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-10&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 24.&lt;/ref&gt; Some may feel nervous about not keeping the traditional lamp burning in broad daylight. Some others may have the rotten thought that conducting a wedding without '[[mangala sutra]]' is disgraceful.<br /> <br /> Still, the self-respect weddings conducted during the past thirty years have some basic limits. They are: Brahmins and their ''mantras'' should be utterly avoided; meaningless rituals, piling mud pots, one on another, having the traditional lamp during day time, ritual smoke - all these should be avoided. Rationalism does not approve of these. Periyar then asks why can't the government pass an Act that legalizes weddings which avoid the above-mentioned superstitious practices. If all these details cannot be accommodated in the Act, the latter can legalize weddings which don't have Brahmin priests, the Sanskrit language and the so called holy fire.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-11&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Thus, marriages styled as Self-Respect marriages carried a threefold significance: a) replacing the Purohit, b) inter-caste equality, c) man-woman equality. Periyar claimed to have performed Self-Respect marriages unofficially since 1925 and officially since 1928.&lt;ref name=&quot;Diehl-2&quot;&gt;Diehl, ''E.V. Ramasamy Naiker-Periyar'', p. 32.&lt;/ref&gt; Self-Respect marriages were legalized in 1967 by the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (DMK) Government.&lt;ref name=&quot;Diehl-3&quot;&gt;Diehl, ''E.V. Ramasamy Naiker-Periyar'', pp. 32 &amp; 33.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Widow-remarriage===<br /> On the remarriage of widows, Periyar states that among the atrocities perpetrated by the Hindu male population against women, here we have to consider the treatment meted out to widows alone. If a girl loses her husband, even before knowing anything of worldly pleasures, she is compelled to close her eyes to everything in the world and die broken-hearted. Even in Periyar's community at the time, there were widowed girls below the age of 13 years. Periyar stated how it is a touching sight to see the parents of those widowed children treating them like untouchables.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-12&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 30.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He goes on to say that whatever may be the reason for the present state of the Hindu society, my firm belief that the low position given permanently to widows may prove to be the reason for the utter ruin of the Hindu religion and the Hindu society.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-13&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', pp. 30 &amp; 31.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> If we try to find the reason for such conduct, we will have to conclude that they instinctively feel that women are slaves, subservient to men and that they must be kept under control. That is why these people treat women like animals. They seem to feel that giving freedom to women is equivalent to committing a serious crime. The result of this attitude is that there is no independence or freedom to one half of the human race. This wicked enslavement of half of the human race is due to the fact that men are physically a little stronger than women. This principle applies to all spheres of life and the weaker are enslaved by the stronger.<br /> <br /> If slavery has to be abolished in society, the male arrogance and wickedness which lead to the enslavement of women must be abolished first. Only when this is achieved, the tender sprouts of freedom and equality will register growth.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-14&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> One of the reasons why Periyar hated Hinduism and the orthodoxy practiced in the name of Hinduism was the practice of child marriage. A number of the girl children who were married before they were ten or twelve years old became widows before they knew the meaning of the word. According to the 1921 All India Census the details of the child widows reported living in the country that time were as follows:&lt;ref name=&quot;Gopalakrishnan-2&quot;&gt;Gopalakrishnan, ''Periyar: Father of the Tamil race'', p. 30.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> *1 year baby widows - 497<br /> *1 to 2 year child widows - 494<br /> *2 to 3 year child widows - 1,257<br /> *3 to 4 year child widows - 2,837<br /> *4 to 5 year child widows - 6,707<br /> *'''Total number of widows - 11,342'''<br /> *5 to 10 year young widows - 85,037<br /> *10 to 15 year young widows - 232,147<br /> *15 to 20 year young widows - 396,172<br /> *20 to 25 year young widows - 742,820<br /> *25 to 30 year young widows - 1,163,720<br /> *'''Total number of widows - 2,631,238'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Gopalakrishnan-2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-15&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 33.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Periyar was deeply disturbed when he realized that among the widows in India, 11,892 were little children below 5 years and that young widows below 15 years numbering 232,147 were denied the pleasures of life.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-16&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', pp. 33 &amp; 34.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> With regards to the re-marriage of widows, Periyar stated that it is the practice of our people to refer to such a wedding as &quot;a widow's marriage&quot;. Such an expression is used only with reference to women and in connection with men. Just as this lady is marrying another husband after the death of the first husband, some men marry again after the death of the first wife. But the second marriage of a man is not referred to as &quot;a widower's marriage&quot;, though that is the proper thing to do.<br /> <br /> Periyar himself was a widower. After becoming one, he took a second wife. He claimed that in the ancient days, both men and women in the country had this practice. There were multiple instances in sastras and puranas of women getting married again after the death of their first husband. Periyar further stated that this is not an unusual practice in the rest of the world though it might appear strange for us at the present time. Christian and Muslim women marry again after the death of the first husband. 90 percent of women in Muslim countries get married again soon after the death of the first husband. This may be unusual in certain sections of Indian societies. But it is a common practice in certain other sections of our society which are called backward communities.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-39&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 39.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Further, inter-caste marriages and remarriage of widows are on the increase in India. Brahmins oppose these because they are afraid that they cannot exploit the people any more in the name of sastras. For the same reason they oppose the [[Sharada Act]] which is necessary for social well-being.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-77&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 77.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Child marriage===<br /> In all the meetings of the non-Brahmins and the Self-Respectors, Periyar condemned child marriages and emphasized the need for educating all girl children and giving right to young widows to get married again.<br /> <br /> Periyar has been against child marriage and stated that it reflects the cruelty to which innocent girls were subjected by their well-meaning parents. Periyar asked that if these parents can be considered civilized in any sense of the term. There was no other leader other than Periyar who reacted against this practice of child marriage.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-16&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Those who supported child marriage were strongly against Periyar's condemnation of this act. Take for example, the Sharada Act. Those who opposed this Act say that it was against the Sastras to conduct the marriage of a girl after she has attained puberty. They further say that those who conduct such marriages are committing a sin and therefore will go to hell.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-17&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 37.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Chastity==<br /> Periyar claimed that &quot;household duties&quot; have risen out of the foolishness of people and were not natural duties.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-18&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 56.&lt;/ref&gt; He went on to say that it was our selfish greed which has multiplied our household work. Nobody need worry that without household work, the women will lose their &quot;chastity&quot;. On chastity, Periyar went on to say that it is something that belongs to women and is not a pledge to men. Whatever, chastity is, it was something that belonged to individuals.{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}}<br /> <br /> In society, it was believed that if people lose their chastity, they will get divine punishment. Others are not going to get that punishment. Referring to the doctrines of institutionalized orthodox religions, he went on to say that men need not to worry themselves that women are committing a sin by not doing household work. Thus, let men realize that women are not slaves and that men are not their masters or guardians. Women should be allowed to develop the competence to protect themselves and their chastity and men need not be their watchdogs. He also believed that it was derogatory for men to play such a role.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}}<br /> <br /> It was said by the orthodox{{Who|date=September 2010}} that women will develop diseases if they lose their chastity. The disease that a woman gets affects the husbands also. If we{{Who|date=September 2010}} educate the women, they will develop the capability to keep themselves and their husbands pure. Thus, Periyar stated in the ''Kudi Arasu'' for the society to think deeply about taking a decision and do the right thing for their sisters and girl children.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-19&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Periyar kindled the thoughts of everybody by also ridiculing the use of the word chastity only with reference to women. (Periyar-Father of Tamil 32) He stated that character is essential for both men and women and that speaking of chastity only with reference to women degraded not merely women but men also. He extended this thought and said that in any sphere of activity, civilized society cannot think of one law for men and another for women. He also said that the way most men treated their women was far worse than the way the upper class people treated the lower class, the way in which rich men treated the poor and the way in which a master treated his slave.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gopalakrishnan-1&quot;&gt;Gopalakrishnan, M.D. (1991) ''Periyar: Father of the Tamil race'', Chennai. Emerald Publishers, p. 32.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Education==<br /> On education, Periyar stated that some parents believe that if girls get educated, they will correspond with their secret lovers. That it is a foolish and mischievous notion. If a girl writes a letter, it will only be to a male. We can even now caution men not to read any love letter addressed to them by a woman and, even if they read it, not to reply to it. If men do not listen to this advice, they, as well as the girls who write them must be punished. It will be a hopelessly bad thing, if parents keep their girl children uneducated for this reason.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-19&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> At a speeched delivered by Periyar at the Prize Distribution function in the Municipal School for Girls at Karungal Palayam, Erode, he stated that girl children should be taught active and energetic exercises like running, high jump, long jump, and wrestling so that they may acquire the strength and courage of men. Their time and energy should not be wasted in light pastimes like ''Kummi'' (groups going in a circle, clapping their hands rhythmically) and in ''Kolatam'' (striking with sticks rhythmically).<br /> <br /> In ancient Tamil literature, poets have stressed the value of education for women. In a famous verse, a poet by the name of Naladiar stated that, &quot;What gives beauty to a woman is not the hair style or the patter of her dress or the saffron on her face but only education&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-20&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 63.&lt;/ref&gt; In a verse of ''Eladhi'' it states, &quot;Beauty does not lie in the style of wailing or in the charm of a blush but only in the combination of numbers and letters (education).&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-21&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', pp. 63 &amp; 64.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In a 1960 issue of ''Viduthalai'' Periyar stated that ''&quot;There should be a drastic revolution in the desires and ideals of Indian women. They should equip themselves to do all types of work that men are doing. They should have good domestic life without allowing nature's obstacles in their own lives. Therefore, there should be a welcome change in the minds of our women. The administrators also most pay special attention to the advancement of women&quot;''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-22&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 45.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Armed forces==<br /> Periyar advocated for women to be given weapons to protect themselves in reply to a question put in the Central Legislature. He stated that we have no hope that the state governments will do anything in this sphere because most of the state ministers hold the orthodox belief that women are slavish creatures.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-22.5&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 42.&lt;/ref&gt; Though here and there we{{Who|date=May 2011}} find women also as ministers, they are old-fashioned traditionalists who will say, &quot;We don't want any kind of freedom. We are perfectly happy with slavery&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-22&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In Periyar's time he explained that &quot;''&quot;Indian&quot; women had no [[self-determination]] in any sphere of life like education property and marriage. They thought that modern civilization meant dressing themselves like British and American women and adorning themselves. Even our educated women do not entertain any thought that they must enter the police and army departments and learn to pilot airplanes like the women of Russia and Turkey. Just as modern education has made men cowards an book-worms, it has made our women decoratie{{sic}} dolls and weaklings''&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-22&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In a leading article written by Periyar in ''Viduthalai in 1946'', he claimed that unless there is a drastic, fundamental and revolutionary change in our{{Who|date=May 2011}} administrative machinery, it is impossible to make our women independent beings.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-22&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Periyar goes on to explain that in our country also, there are thousands of women with the courage, competence and desire to work in the police department. Just as girls going to school was considered wonderful and cycle-riding by girls was considered funny, a few years ago, women on police duty may appear to be wonderful or strange for a few years. Then, in course of time, this will be considered natural.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-22&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> We{{Who|date=May 2011}} need methods that will effect an astounding revolution in the world of women. Until we acquire those methods, we will be moving forward like a tortoise and writing and talking about Drowpath and Sita.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-23&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 44.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Periyar, in a 1932 article of ''Kudi Arasu'', explained that &quot;women should develop physical strength like men. They must take exercise and get training in the use of weapons. They must acquire the ability to protect themselves when any sex-mad person tries to molest them. They should get the necessary training to join the armey{{sic}} when need arises and fight the enemy. This is the view of all civilized people. Women also wholeheartedly support this view. When the general view in the world is like this, who can accept the statement of some people that there is no use in giving higher education to women?&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-22&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Birth control==<br /> * ''&quot;Others advocate birth-control, with a view of preserving the health of women and conserving family property; but we advocate it for the liberation of women.&quot;''&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani2-1&quot;&gt;Veeramani, [January 1981](2005) ''Collected Works of Periyar E.V.R.'', Third Edition, Chennai. The Periyar Self-Respect Propaganda Institution, p. 570.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In the ''Kudi Arasu'' of 1932, Periyar explained the basic differences between the reasons given to us for contraception and the reasons given by others for this. We say that contraception is necessary for women to gain freedom. Others advocate contraception taking into consideration multiple problems like the health of women, the health and energy of the children, the poverty of the country and the maintenance of the family property. A number of Westerners also support contraception for the same reasons. Our view is not based on these considerations. We recommend that women should stop delivering children altogether because conception stands in the way of women enjoying personal freedom. Further, begetting a number of children prevents men also from being free and independent. This truth will be clear if we listen to talk of men and women when their freedom is hampered.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-22&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> He went on to say how birth control does not aim at preventing the birth of children altogether, but aims only at limiting births. A man and his wife may have two children, or at the most, three children. This birth control policy is against bringing forth an unlimited number of children.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-24&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 47.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> While Periyar and the Self-Respect movement were advocating for birth control, Rajaji (C. Rajagopalachariar) strongly opposed it. Others who opposed birth control was Thiru Adhithanar, the publisher of an extremely popular newspaper, ''Dina Thandhi'' at the time. In response to Rajaji's stand against birth control, Periyar explained that he was against this since he was of the Vedic Brahmin community that staunchly engrossed in the Manu Dharma. Thus, limiting births of overpopulation would limit diseases and death from a number of people and therefore leave Brahmin priests without a job of doing ceremonies for the sick and funerals. In a 1959 article of ''Viduthalai'' he exclaimed that ''&quot;If people like Rajaji discover new islands, make the forests habitable, do propaganda for the birth of more and more children and have farms for the upbringing of children, we may be in a position to understand them.&quot;''&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-25&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 48.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> During the late 1950s, 80 percent of the men and 90 percent of the women in Tamil Nadu were illiterate. Periyar argued in a 1959 article in ''Viduthalai'' that ''&quot;in this situation, if birth control is not practiced and people are allowed to have any number of children, the result will be the multiplication of castes among the &quot;Sudras&quot;, like washermen, barbers, pot-makers, kuravas or gypsies, hunters, fishermen, famers{{sic}}, toddy tappers, padayachies, pillars, cobblers, pariahs, and a thousand others and a limitless increase in population. The increase in population will force the 'Sudras' to preserve themselves from starvation by standing with folded hands before lazy fellows and calling them 'swami', 'master' and 'landlord'. What good result can we expect if birth control is not adopted?&quot;''&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-26&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', pp. 48 &amp; 49.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Previously in a 1933 article of the ''Kudi Arasu'', Periyar, in his words, explained that ''&quot;even a High Court Judge in India does not know the amount of trouble that a mother takes to bring up a child. If a husband is kind to his wife and shows concern for her health and happiness, he must adopt the contraceptive method. Otherwise, he must be one who could manage to see that in delivery and in the brining{{sic}} up of children, she does not have much trouble. Therefore, the proper thing to do now is to drastically cut the expenses mentioned above and spend money on the proper upbringing of children with the help of nurses.&quot;''&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-27&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', pp. 19 &amp; 20.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Property rights and divorce==<br /> With regards to property rights for women, Periyar stated that there was no difference between men and women. He went on to say that like men, women should have the right to own property and enjoy its benefits. With regards to divorce or separations, he advocated that a woman can lie away from her husband if he is an undesirable person and if he has nay virulent disease. When a woman has to live apart from her husband in these circumstances, she is entitled to maintenance allowance and a claim on the husband's property. Even if a widow gets remarried, she must be given the right to claim a share of the first husband's property.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-28&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 50.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> On 4 February 1946, the Central Legislature passed an Act giving the right the Hindu married woman to get from her husband in certain circumstances a separate place to live in and a maintenance allowance. Periyar explained how that it was a useless Act. since it seems that the members of the Hindu Mahasabha and Sanadahnis agitated against the grant of even this right.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-29&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 57.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Dowry==<br /> On the Dowry system practiced widely throughout the Indian sub-continent not only by Hindus but Christians too, Periyar calls it a ''&quot;serious disease that was spreading fast amongst Tamilians&quot;''. He went on to state that the disease was also found in its virulent form among the Andhras and the Brahmins of Tamil Nadu. Periyar also argued that if a man with property worth one lakh has three daughters, he has to become a beggar by the time these daughters are married. In the name of dowry, the parents of the young men who marry the three daughters, squeeze the man's property out of him.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-30&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 65.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In the 1959 issue of ''Viduthalai'', Periyar stated that, ''&quot;according to a new legislation, women have the right to a share of the parents' property. Therefore every girl will definitely get her legitimate share from the parents' wealth - if the parents are wealth. It is inhuamane{{sic}} on the part of the parents of a boy to dump on him a girl whom he does not like and to plan to such as much as they can from the property of the girl's father. There is basically no difference between selling education and love for money and selling one's chastity for money. 'Prostitute' is a germ of contempt for a woman; a boy should not be reduced by his avaricous{{sic}} parents to get the name, 'a prostituted boy' or 'a boy that has been sold'. A father-in-law who has means, however miserly he may be by nature, will not be indifferent when his daughter suffers out of poverty. Therefore, it is very shameful on the part of the bridegroom's parents to demand from the bride's father that at the time of the marriage he should gie jewels worth so many thousands along with so many thousand rupees as dowry and that he should provide the bridegroom with a house and a care. The fact that another party makes such demands at the time of his daughter's marriage does not justify any parent's demands at the time of his son's wedding. All people must realize that both demanding and giving dowry are wrong and they must boldly declare this when occasion arises.&quot;''&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-31&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', pp. 66 &amp; 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Periyar calls the dowry an evil and exploitative practice depriving tens of thousands of talented and beautiful young women with sound character remaining spinsters without any chance of getting married.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-32&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Devadasis==<br /> Among the atrocities the Tamil society committed against women was the practice of keeping some women attached to temples as ''Devadasis''. Dr. Muthulakshmi proposed the resolution at the Madras Legislature that the ''Devadasi'' system should be abolished. The Government wanted comments on that from all important people. Periyar in his statement pointed out that the ''Devadasi'' system was a disgrace to Hindu religion. The fact that, in the name of a temple or a god, some women are kept as common property is an insult to all the women in the society. He also remarked that the prevalence of this system encouraged immorality among men and thus set the pattern for unprincipled life in multiple families. This was stoutly opposed in the Assembly by Satyamurthi Iyer, an orthodox Congress member, under the pretext of safeguarding the Hindu traditions. It should be said to the credit of Dr. Muthulakshmi and the leaders like Periyar that the proposal of the Doctor was accepted and a law was enacted against the ''Devadasi'' system.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gopalakrishnan-1&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Periyar's example of the degradation of women in the ''Devadasi'' system is explained that ''&quot;if a man's physical passion is aroused when his wife is not with him, he immediately goes to a prostitute. Rough stones are planted where cows and bufaloes{{sic}} graze to facilitate the animals to rub against the stones when they feel like it.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-33&quot;&gt;Veeramani, K., ''Periyar on Women's Rights'', p. 35.&lt;/ref&gt; Likewise, Devadasis served in temples and in all villages rough stones planted on the borders and they say that these two (employing devadasis and the planting rough stones) are aamong{{sic}} the 32 dharmas mentioned in the sastras. When we consider why his kindness to the suffering and also the 32 dharmas are all bogus&quot;''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Veeramani-33&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Resolutions passed==<br /> As the Self-Respect conference held in Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu in 1929, the following were among the multiple resolutions passed with regards for women's rights:<br /> <br /> #Women should be given equal right along with men for the family property.<br /> #There should be no objection to employing women to any job for which they are qualified.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gopalakrishnan-4&quot;&gt;Gopalakrishnan, ''Periyar: Father of the Tamil race'', p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> #Schools, particularly schools, should try to employ only women teachers.<br /> <br /> At the conference held in Erode in 1930, the same resolutions were passed again reminding the delegates and others that the interest of women was still uppermost in Periyar's mind. M.R. Jayakar who presided over the Erode conference was greatly impressed by the progressive views of Periyar and other members. He was particularly happy that the movement included not merely non-Brahmin Hindus but Christians and Muslims too. He pointed out that the Self-Respect movement was more progressive than Congress. Furthermore, at the Virudhnagar conference the women members held a separate conference and passed some resolutions demanding that women should have the right to select their life partners without any consideration of religion or community and that weddings should not involve wasteful expenditure and elaborate ceremonies.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gopalakrishnan-4&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * Diehl, Anita, (1977). ''E. V. Ramaswami - Periyar: A study of the influence of a personality in contemporary South India''. Scandinavian University Books: Sweden. {{ISBN|91-24-27645-6}}.<br /> * Gopalakrishnan, G.P., (1991). ''Periyar: Father of the Tamil race''. Emerald Publishers: Chennai.<br /> * Veeramani, Dr. K.(2005). ''Collected Works of Periyar E.V.R.''. Third Edition. The Periyar Self-Respect Propaganda Institution: Chennai.<br /> * Veeramani, Dr. K.(1992). ''Periyar on Women's Rights''. Emerald Publishers: Chennai.<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Periyar E. V. Ramasamy And Women's Rights}}<br /> [[Category:Tamil society]]<br /> [[Category:Women's rights in India]]<br /> [[Category:Periyar E. V. Ramasamy]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khusrau_Mirza&diff=466747 2026-02-06T13:55:09Z

<p>KurtFaucett: small changes</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Mughal prince (1587–1622)}}<br /> {{Infobox royalty<br /> | name = Khusrau Mirza<br /> | title = [[Mirza (noble)|Mirza]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://dawn.com/2011/01/02/past-present-emperors-new-names/ Mughal title ''Mirza''], the title of Mirza and not Khan or Padshah, which were the titles of the Mongol rulers.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | image = Sultan-Khusrow2.png<br /> | image_size = 220px<br /> | caption = Prince Khusrau with a falcon<br /> | succession = [[Shah]]zada of the [[Mughal Empire]]<br /> | birth_date = 16 August 1587<br /> | birth_place = [[Lahore]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|1622|1|26|1587|8|16|df=y}}<br /> | death_place = [[Burhanpur]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br /> | burial_place = Tomb of Khusrau Mirza, [[Khusro Bagh]], [[Prayagraj]]<br /> | religion = [[Sunni Islam]]<br /> | spouse-type = Wives<br /> | spouse = {{plainlist|<br /> *Daughter of [[Mirza Aziz Koka]]<br /> *Daughter of Jani Beg [[Tarkhan dynasty|Tarkhan]] of [[Thatta]]<br /> *Daughter of Muqim, son of Mihtar Fazil Rikabdar}}<br /> | father = [[Jahangir]]<br /> | mother = [[Shah Begum (wife of Jahangir)|Shah Begum]]<br /> | issue = {{plainlist|<br /> *[[Dawar Bakhsh]]<br /> *Buland Akhtar Mirza<br /> *Gurshasp Mirza<br /> *[[Hoshmand Banu Begum]]<br /> *Rateskar Mirza}}<br /> | house = [[Timurid dynasty|Timurid]]<br /> }}<br /> {{POV|date=June 2025}}<br /> '''Khusrau Mirza''' (16 August 1587 &amp;ndash; 26 January 1622) was the eldest son of the [[List of emperors of the Mughal Empire|Mughal Emperor]] [[Jahangir]] and his first wife, [[Shah Begum (wife of Jahangir)|Shah Begum]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D00702051%26ct%3D224 The Grandees of the Empire] [[Ain-i-Akbari]], by [[Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak|Abul Fazl]], [[Mariam-uz-Zamani]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Fazl|first=Abul |title=The Akbarnama |year=1907 |publisher=ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL |translator-last=Beveridge |translator-first=Henry|volume=III|page=1239|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.55650/page/n1277/mode/2up}}&lt;/ref&gt; Being Jahangir's eldest son, he was the heir-apparent to his father but Jahangir favoured his son Khurram Mirza (the future emperor [[Shah Jahan]]) as he held an animosity against Khusrau. {{Failed verification|date=January 2025|reason=The source given doesn't explain the reasons behind Jahangir's animosity to Khusrau}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Dhir |first=Krishna S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jVx6EAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=khusrau+mirza&amp;pg=PA87 |title=The Wonder That Is Urdu |date=2022-01-01 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-4301-1 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Beloved by his grandfather, the emperor [[Akbar]], Khusrau Mirza came to be considered a candidate to succeed Akbar over his dissolute and choleric father, gathering a court faction which included his father-in-law [[Mirza Aziz Koka]] and his maternal uncle [[Raja Man Singh]]. After Jahangir's ascent to the Mughal throne in 1605, growing tensions would cause Khusrau to rebel in April 1606.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=19-26}} Rapidly defeated, Khusrau was blinded and imprisoned until 1619. In 1620, Khusrau was sent on a mission to Deccan with his brother, the future [[Shah Jahan]]. He died at [[Burhanpur]], on the 26 of January 1622: historians generally believe that he was killed by order of his brother.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=171}}<br /> <br /> ==Early life==<br /> Khusrau was born in [[Lahore]] on August 16, 1587, as the eldest son and second child of [[Jahangir]]. His mother, [[Shah Begum (wife of Jahangir)|Man Bai]], was the daughter of [[Raja Bhagwant Das]] of [[Amber, India]] (modern-day [[Jaipur]]), head of the [[Kachhwaha]] clan and was the chief wife of his father. She was the niece of her mother-in-law, [[Mariam-uz-Zamani]], and thus the maternal cousin of her husband.&lt;ref&gt;[[H. Beveridge|Beveridge, H.]] (tr.) (1939, reprint 2000) ''The Akbar Nama of Abu'l-Fazl'', Vol.III, Calcutta: The Asiatic Society, {{ISBN|81-7236-094-0}}, p.799&lt;/ref&gt; On account of Khusrau's birth, Prince Salim (later known as Emperor Jahangir) honoured his wife Man Bai with the title of ''Shah Begum''.<br /> <br /> His mother was highly devoted to her husband and sided with him over her son when the latter plotted to overthrow his father. She continuously advised Khusrau to be sincere with his father. She killed herself on May 5, 1605, by consuming opium when the hostility between the father and the son seemingly would not subside and the chances of their reconciliation faded.&lt;ref&gt;Beveridge, H. (tr.) (1939, reprint 2000) ''The Akbar Nama of Abu'l-Fazl'', Vol.III, Calcutta: The Asiatic Society, {{ISBN|81-7236-094-0}}, p.1239&lt;/ref&gt; He was extremely loved by his grandfather Akbar, whom Khusrau would call '' &quot;Shahi Baba&quot; '' (royal father), and his father Salim as '' &quot;Shahi Bhai&quot; '' (royal elder brother).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Pinheiro|first=Father|journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal |title=Part 2, Father's Provincial Report of November 1595|volume=1|page=96}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Education===<br /> Khusrau received an extensive and top-tier education which was overseen by Emperor Akbar. Akbar had appointed his most able and talented nobles for the education of the young Prince. He had commenced his linguistic education under the liberal scholar [[Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak]] who was the Grand Vizier of Akbar, and by his brother, the learned, Abu'l Khair.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}}<br /> <br /> He received military training under the most trusted and highest-ranking noble in the Mughal Court, his maternal uncle, [[Man Singh I|Raja Man Singh]]. A revered Hindu Brahmin named Shiv Dutt Bhattacharya was appointed Khusrau's teacher who taught him at length about various Hindu scriptures.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} Furthermore, Akbar himself invested time in his military training to teach him different warfare tactics.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}<br /> <br /> ==Character==<br /> As noted by a European clergyman of the Mughal court,{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} Khusrau had a pleasing demeanour and moderate manners which made him popular at court. At the age of 17 he had already distinguished himself on the battlefield.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=21}} On 28 March 1594, Akbar made an unprecedented decision in honour of the young prince in the Mughal Court by granting Khusrau a high imperial rank of 5000 horses when he was six years old.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} Along with the high-ranking Mansabs, he assigned the financial resources of the province of [[Orissa]] to the young prince.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} [[Raja Man Singh]], Akbar's most trusted general and one of his nine gems, was made his guardian.&lt;ref&gt;Sarkar, Jadunath (1984, reprint 1994). ''A History of Jaipur'', New Delhi: Orient Longman {{ISBN|81-250-0333-9}}, p.86&lt;/ref&gt; Further, Akbar insisted that the prince was to remain under his exclusive charge and groomed him personally which was an honour exclusive to him only.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}<br /> <br /> An incident noted by a Christian missionary, on his first encounter with Prince Khusrau, records, &quot;On the evening following our arrival, the Emperor (Akbar) called us and showed us pictures of our Savior ([[Jesus Christ]]) and the Blessed Virgin ([[Mother Mary]]), and held them in his arms with as much as reverence as though it was our priests. When we saw the holy pictures, we knelt down and saw that the Emperor's 10-year-old grandson (Khusrau), the Prince's son, also clasped his hands and bent his knees: wherein the Emperor was delighted and said to the prince ([[Jahangir|Salim]]) &quot;Look at your son (Khusrau)!&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |title=Jesuit Missions to the Emperor Akbar |journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal |last=Pinheiro |first=Manuel |volume=65 |pages= 68|year=1896 |orig-date=1595 |editor-last=Maclagan |editor-first=E. D. |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.calcutta.00065/page/n79/mode/2up}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He was praised in the biography of his grandfather, [[Akbar]]. [[Abul Fazl]] described him as a young prince with possession of great wisdom.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} Akbar also proclaimed that he loved his grandchildren (Khusrau and Khurram) more than his children.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} After the death of [[Prince Daniyal]], the favourite son of Akbar, Akbar openly started bestowing imperial favours on Khusrau and his supporters which were prerogative of the apparent successor. Akbar made Khusrau the commander of 10,000 forces, after which his status became equal to that of his father, [[Jahangir|Salim]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} His status in subsequent months was raised above his father's when Akbar assigned him a drum and tuman-togh (A staff with a Yaks tail fur affixed), the symbols of honour that were exclusive to the Emperor himself.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}<br /> <br /> His father-in-law, the foster brother of Emperor Akbar, [[Mirza Aziz Koka]] was so devoted to the cause of Khusrau that he is recorded to have repeatedly declared: <br /> {{blockquote|I am willing that they (the fate) should convey the good news of his (Khusrau's) sovereignty to my right ear and should seize my soul from my left ear.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first1=Mutamad|last1=Khan|title=Iqbalnama-I-Jahangiri|year=1969}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> <br /> However, not all sources on the prince were equally positive. His father Jahangir, while praising Khusrau's charisma, considered him easily influenced by his counsellors and bearer of a melancholic streak inherited from his ancestors.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=49}}<br /> <br /> ==Family==<br /> Khusrau's first wife and chief consort was the daughter of extremely powerful [[Mirza Aziz Koka]], known as Khan Azam, son of Jiji Anga, Emperor Akbar's [[Wet nurse]]. The marriage took place in 1602 and an order was given that S'aid Khan Abdullah Khan and Mir Sadr Jahan should convey 100,000 rupees&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Akbarnama Of Abul Fazl; Volume III|page=1211}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first1=Ellen S.|last1=Smart|first2=Daniel S.|last2=Walker|title=Pride of the princes: Indian art of the Mughal era in the Cincinnati Art Museum|publisher=Cincinnati Art Museum|year=1985|pages=27}}&lt;/ref&gt; as sachaq to the Mirza house by the way of Sihr Baha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Harbans|last=Mukhia|title=The Mughals of India|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|date=April 15, 2008|pages=151|isbn=978-0-470-75815-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; She was his favourite wife, and was the mother of his eldest son, [[Dawar Bakhsh]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first1=Mohammad|last1=Shujauddin|first2=Razia|last2=Shujauddin|title=The Life and Times of Noor Jahan|publisher=Caravan Book House|year=1967|pages=70}}&lt;/ref&gt; and his second son, Prince Buland Akhtar Mirza, born on 11 March 1609, who died in infancy.{{sfn|Jahangir|Rogers|Beveridge|1909|p=153}}<br /> <br /> Another of Khusrau's wives was the daughter of Jani Beg Tarkhan of Thatta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Irfan|last=Habib|title=Akbar and His India|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1997|pages=50}}&lt;/ref&gt; She was the sister of Mirza Ghazi Beg. The marriage was arranged by Khusrau's grandfather, Emperor [[Akbar]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first1=Emperor |last1=Jahangir|first2=Wheeler McIntosh|last2=Thackston|title=The Jahangirnama: memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India|url=https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha |publisher=Washington, D. C.: Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press|year=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha/page/30 30], 136|isbn=978-0-19-512718-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Mahmudul|last=Hasan Siddiqi|title=History of the Arghuns and Tarkhans of Sindh, 1507–1593: An Annotated Translation of the Relevant Parts of Mir Ma'sums Ta'rikh-i-Sindh, with an Introduction &amp; Appendices |publisher=Institute of Sindhology, University of Sind|year=1972|pages=205}}&lt;/ref&gt; Another of his wives was the daughter of Muqim, son of Mihtar Fazil Rikabdar (stirrup holder). She was the mother of Prince Gurshasp Mirza, born on 8 April 1616.{{sfn|Jahangir|Rogers|Beveridge|1909|p=321}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first1=Emperor |last1=Jahangir|first2=Wheeler McIntosh|last2=Thackston|title=The Jahangirnama : memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India|url=https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha |publisher=Washington, D. C.: Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press|year=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha/page/192 192]|isbn=978-0-19-512718-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Khusrau had also an other son, Rateskar Mirza, by an unknown woman; and a daughter, [[Hoshmand Banu Begum]], born in about 1605, and married to Prince Hoshang Mirza, son of Prince [[Daniyal Mirza]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first1=Emperor |last1=Jahangir|first2=Wheeler McIntosh|last2=Thackston|title=The Jahangirnama : memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India|url=https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha |publisher=Washington, D. C.: Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press|year=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha/page/97 97], 436|isbn=978-0-19-512718-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Jahangir's reign==<br /> Towards the end of Emperor [[Akbar]]'s reign, concern had risen among the empire's elite over his succession. Akbar's oldest son, Prince Salim, was the natural candidate for succession but had alienated both court and popular opinion due to his debauchery, religious intolerance and violent temper. He had also briefly revolted against his father in 1601, forming his own court in Allahabad, and again in 1603.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=19-21}} In these circumstances, a faction came to favor Khusrau over his father. This faction included his uncle Raja Man Singh, his father-in-law Aziz Khan Koka and [[Sher Afghan Khan]], and, according to some English travellers, briefly convinced Akbar to change his succession plans in favor of Khusrau.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=21}} However, Salim also had supporters at court such as Shaikh Farid Bukhari, and managed to reconcile with his father in November 1604. In October 1605, after the death of Akbar, Salim was proclaimed emperor [[Jahangir]], had Khusrau confined to house arrest in the [[Agra Fort]] and removed the members of Khusrau's faction from power.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=23-25}} Khusrau was eventually pardoned by Jahangir, by the intervention of Jahangir's mother and sisters, as well as Khusrau’s stepmothers and sisters. [[Mariam-uz-Zamani]], Khusrau's grandmother and Jahangir's mother, became the main defender of Khusrau during Jahangir's reign. As noted by a Christian missionary present in the Mughal court, she secured a pardon for the prince along with [[Salima Sultan Begum]], [[Shakr-un-Nissa Begum]], and Emperor Jahangir's other sisters upon Jahangir's succession.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Xavier|first=Jerome|title=Missoes Jesuitas Na India|page=44|year=1606|publisher=British Library London, MS 9854}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Primary source inline|date=October 2024}}<br /> <br /> ===Rebellion and imprisonment===<br /> [[File: &quot;Jahangir Receives a Prisoner&quot;, from the Jahangir-nama.jpg|thumb|Khusrau is captured and presented to [[Jahangir]].]]<br /> In 1606, Khusrau rebelled against his father to secure the throne for himself. He left Agra with 350 horsemen on 6 April 1606 under the pretext of visiting [[Akbar's tomb]] in nearby Sikandra.&lt;ref&gt;Majumdar, R.C. (ed.)(2007). ''The Mughal Empire'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, p.179&lt;/ref&gt; He was then joined by Hussain Beg and about 3,000 horsemen in [[Mathura]]; and Abdur Rahim, the provincial ''dewan'' (administrator) of [[Lahore]] in [[Panipat]]. Khusrau reached [[Tarn Taran Sahib]], near [[Amritsar]], he received the blessings of [[Guru Arjan Dev]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Melton |first=J. Gordon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bI9_AwAAQBAJ&amp;q=khusrau+mirza+died&amp;pg=PA1163 |title=Faiths Across Time: 5,000 Years of Religious History |date=Jan 15, 2014 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=9781610690263 |page=1163 |access-date=Nov 3, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Khusrau laid siege on Lahore, defended by Dilawar Khan. Emperor Jahangir relieved the siege and defeated Khusrau at the battle of Bhairowal. He was captured by Jahangir's army while crossing the [[Chenab River|Chenab]] river, attempting to flee toward [[Kabul]].&lt;ref name=&quot;The Flight of Khusrau&quot;&gt;[http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D11001081%26ct%3D14 &quot;The Flight of Khusrau&quot;], ''The [[Tuzk-e-Jahangiri]] Or Memoirs Of Jahangir'', Alexander Rogers, and Henry Beveridge. Royal Asiatic Society, 1909–1914. Vol. I, Chapter 3. p 51, 62–72., Volume 1, chapter 20&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Jahangir ordered wooden posts set up along the road into Agra and had the bodies of Khusrau's rebels impaled. Then Khusrau was led on elephant-back down the road and forced to observe his former supporters.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=26}} He was then confined in Lahore until 1607 when, in the aftermath of a plot to murder his father, he was blinded and imprisoned in Agra. According to the ''Intikhab-iJahangir-Shahi'' Jahangir, filled with guilt, later asked his doctors to find a remedy for the recovery of his son's eyesight, which succeeded in one eye.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=33-34}}<br /> [[File: A savage lesson for Khusru by compelling him to ride on an elephant between long line of his companions impaled on stakes.jpg|thumb|left|300x300px|Khusrau compelled to watch his supporters impaled]]<br /> <br /> While Jahangir had ordered that Khusrau be provided &quot;everything necessary for his comfort and convenience in the way of eating and clothing&quot;, he also had him walled up in a tower for 4 months during an hunting expedition. Khusrau's wife pleaded with the emperor to be shut up with her husband, in a show of deep loyalty and love.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=57}}<br /> Ellison B. Findly notes a strong-worded letter of Mariam-uz-Zamani to her son, Jahangir, written in the year 1616, expressing her concern for the safety of Khusrau; Mariam-uz-Zamani feared that if her nephew's charge was to be entrusted to [[Shah Jahan|Prince Khurram]], that he would eventually kill Khusrau to secure his ascension to the throne, and it would be disastrous for the Mughal dynasty as the future male descendants would use it as a precedent to murder their brothers for the possession of the royal throne.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} This prediction would come true when Shah Jahan's children, [[Aurangzeb]] and [[Dara Shikoh]] had a face-off for the royal throne eventually leading to the murder of Prince Dara Shikoh by his brother.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}<br /> <br /> In 1616, in order to secure her power in the Mughal court amidst Jahangir's declining health, Nur Jahan proposed a marriage of her daughter Ladli Begum to Khusrau. However, Khusrau repeatedly refused the marriage proposal, either for love of his wife or antipathy for Mihr-un-Nissa, and the proposal was passed on to and accepted by [[Shahryar Mirza]].{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=164}} In the same year, according to [[Thomas Roe|Roe]], Nur Jahan attempted to convince Jahangir that Khusrau still planned to usurp the throne, and her father [[Mirza Ghiyas Beg|I'timad-ud-Daulah]], her brother [[Abdul Hasan Asaf Khan|Asaf Khan]] and prince Khurram went to the Emperor when he was drunk and persuaded him to transfer custody of Khusrow to Asaf Khan, which happened on October 25.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=57}}<br /> <br /> Khusrau was ultimately released in 1619, when his father felt that his imprisonment had lasted long enough. For the rest of his life Khusrau doesn't appear to have taken part in seditious actions.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=58}}<br /> <br /> ==Death and burial==<br /> [[File:TombofKhusrau.JPG|thumb|200px|The Mausoleum of Khusrau Mirza in [[Khusro Bagh]], [[Allahabad]]]]<br /> <br /> In 1620, Jahangir decided to send his son Khurram in Deccan, against a coalition headed by [[Malik Ambar]]. However, Khurram refused to leave without his brother. It is widely believed that Khurram was worried that, while he was absent from court, Khusrau could be in prime position to obtain the throne should Jahangir die. Together with Nur Jahan and Asaf Khan, Khurram managed to convince a reluctant Jahangir to hand over custody of Khusrau before departing in December.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=168-9}} <br /> In 1622, Khusrau was killed on the orders of Prince Khurram.&lt;ref&gt;Mahajan V.D. (1991, reprint 2007) ''History of Medieval India'', Part II, New Delhi: S. Chand, {{ISBN|81-219-0364-5}}, pp.126-7&lt;/ref&gt; Khurram claimed, in the letter with which he informed his father on January 29, 1622, that his brother had died of natural causes; but many Persian and European chronicles accused Shah Jahan of having Khusrau strangled, and even his son [[Aurangzeb]] considered his father's guilt an established fact.{{Sfn|Findly|1993|p=171}}<br /> <br /> To honour his son, Jahangir had him buried next to the tomb of his mother, Shah Begum, and ordered the construction of a mausoleum in [[Khusro Bagh]] in [[Allahabad]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rangan&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Datta |first1=Rangan |title=Khusro Bagh in Prayagraj: A silent witness of Mughal tradition and heritage |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/places/khusro-bagh-in-prayagraj-uttar-pradesh-a-silent-witness-to-mughal-history-and-heritage/cid/1932526 |access-date=13 September 2023 |agency=My Kolkata |publisher=The Telegraph |date=26 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Legacy ==<br /> After the death of Jahangir in 1627, Khusrau's son, Prince [[Dawar Bakhsh]] was briefly made ruler of the Mughal Empire by [[Abul-Hasan ibn Mirza Ghiyas Beg|Asaf Khan]] to secure the Mughal throne for Shah Jahan. On Jumada-l awwal 2, 1037 AH (December 30, 1627&lt;ref name=&quot;Taylor&quot;&gt;Taylor, G.P. (1907). ''Some Dates Relating to the Mughal Emperors of India'' in ''Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal'', New Series, Vol.3, Calcutta: The Asiatic Society of Bengal, p.59&lt;/ref&gt;), Shah Jahan was proclaimed as the emperor at Lahore.<br /> <br /> On Jumada-l awwal 26, 1037 AH (January 23, 1628&lt;ref name=&quot;Taylor&quot; /&gt;), Dawar, his brother Garshasp, uncle [[Shahryar Mirza]], as well as Tahmuras and [[Hushang Mirza|Hoshang]], sons of the deceased [[Prince Daniyal]], were all put to death by Asaf Khan,&lt;ref&gt;[http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D80201016%26ct%3D165%26rqs%3D115%26rqs%3D116%26rqs%3D225%26rqs%3D226%26rqs%3D232%26rqs%3D249%26rqs%3D250%26rqs%3D351%26rqs%3D352%26rqs%3D456%26rqs%3D457%26rqs%3D640%26rqs%3D641%26rqs%3D681%26rqs%3D682 Death of the Emperor (Jahangir)] [[The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians. The Muhammadan Period]], Sir H. M. Elliot, London, 1867–1877, vol 6.&lt;/ref&gt; who was ordered by Shah Jahan to send them &quot;out of the world&quot;, which he faithfully carried out.&lt;ref&gt;Majumdar, R.C. (ed.)(2007). ''The Mughul Empire'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp.197-8&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ancestry==<br /> {{ahnentafel <br /> |collapsed=no |align=center <br /> |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; <br /> |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; <br /> |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; <br /> |1= 1. '''Khusrau Mirza'''<br /> |2= 2. [[Jahangir|Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir, Mughal Emperor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ASHERAsher1992&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Asher|first=Catherine Blanshard|title=Architecture of Mughal India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ctLNvx68hIC&amp;pg=PA104|year=1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-521-26728-1|page=104}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |3= 3. [[Shah Begum (wife of Jahangir)]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ASHERAsher1992&quot;/&gt;<br /> |4= 4. [[Akbar|Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar, Mughal Emperor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Srivastava1975&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Srivastava|first=M. P.|title=Society and Culture in Medieval India, 1206-1707|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JPctAAAAMAAJ|year=1975|publisher=Chugh Publications|location=Allahabad|page=178}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |5= 5. [[Mariam-uz-Zamani]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Srivastava1975&quot;/&gt;<br /> |6= 6. [[Bhagwant Das]], Raja of [[Amer, India|Amber]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mohammada2007&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Mohammada|first=Malika|title=The Foundations of the Composite Culture in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwzbYvQszf4C&amp;pg=PA300|year=2007|publisher=Aakar Books|location=Delhi|isbn=978-81-89833-18-3|page=300}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |7=<br /> |8= 8. [[Humayun|Nasir-ud-din Muhammad Humayun, Mughal Emperor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gulbadan1902&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Gulbadan Begum|author-link=Gulbadan Begum|translator=Annette Beveridge|translator-link=Annette Beveridge|title=The History of Humayun (Humayun-nama)|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofhumayun00gulbrich/page/156/mode/1up|year=1902|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society|location=London|pages=157–58}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |9= 9. [[Hamida Banu Begum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gulbadan1902&quot;/&gt;<br /> |10= 10. [[Bharmal]], Raja of [[Amer, India|Amber]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Latif2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Latif|first=Syad Muhammad|title=Agra Historical and Descriptive with an Account of Akbar and His Court and of the Modern City of Agra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9hZuAAAAMAAJ|year=2003|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=978-81-206-1709-4|page=156}}&lt;/ref&gt; (= 12)<br /> |11= 11. Rani Champavati [[Solanki (clan)|Solanki]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Agrawal1986&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Agrawal |first1=C. M. |title=Akbar and his Hindu officers: a critical study |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wEpuAAAAMAAJ |publisher=ABS Publications |year=1986 |page=27 |isbn=978-81-7072-007-2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Sarkar1984&gt;{{cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Jadunath |author-link=Jadunath Sarkar |title=A History of Jaipur: C. 1503-1938 |publisher=Orient Longman Limited |year=1984 |page=43 |isbn=81-250-0333-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O0oPIo9TXKcC&amp;pg=PA43}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |12= 12. [[Bharmal]], Raja of [[Amer, India|Amber]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Prasad1966&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Prasad|first=Rajiva Nain|title=Raja Man Singh of Amber|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=90TRAAAAMAAJ|year=1966|publisher=World Press|location=Calcutta|isbn=978-0-8426-1473-3|page=11}}&lt;/ref&gt; (= 10)<br /> |13= 13. Phulvati Bai of [[Mandore]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bhatnagar1974&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Bhatnagar|first=V. S.|title=Life and Times of Sawai Jai Singh, 1688-1743|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=plFuAAAAMAAJ|year=1974|publisher=Impex India|location=Delhi|page=10}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |14=<br /> |15= }}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==Bibliography==<br /> * {{cite book|first1=Emperor|last1=Jahangir|first2=Alexander|last2=Rogers|first3=Henry|last3=Beveridge|title=The Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri; or, Memoirs of Jahangir. Translated by Alexander Rogers. Edited by Henry Beveridge|url=https://archive.org/details/b29352423_0001|publisher=London Royal Asiatic Society|year=1909|pages=[https://archive.org/details/b29352423_0001/page/78 78], 81, 279}}<br /> * {{cite book|last=Findly|first=Ellison Books|title=Nur Jahan|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1993|isbn=9780195074888}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.boloji.com/history/013.htm History of India – Shah Jahan]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618125100/http://boloji.com/history/013.htm |date=2006-06-18 }}.<br /> *[https://archive.today/20120805175430/http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/History/Mughals/Jehang.html Jahangir] (archived)<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Mirza, Khusrau}}<br /> [[Category:Mughal princes]]<br /> [[Category:People from Lahore]]<br /> [[Category:1587 births]]<br /> [[Category:1622 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Indian nobility]]<br /> [[Category:Indian royalty]]<br /> [[Category:17th-century Indian Muslims]]<br /> [[Category:Assassinated Indian people]]<br /> [[Category:Heirs apparent who never acceded]]<br /> [[Category:Sons of emperors]]<br /> [[Category:17th-century Mughal Empire people]]<br /> [[Category:Rebel princes]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ambi_Swamy&diff=485914 2026-02-04T20:46:14Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Made a info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox chef<br /> | name = Ambi Swamy<br /> | image = Ambi Swamy.png<br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_name = M.S. Krishna Iyer<br /> | birth_date = 1934<br /> | birth_place = Kerala, India<br /> | occupation = Chef, Restaurateur<br /> | death_date = {{dya|2012|1934}}<br /> | death_place = Thirissur, Kerala<br /> | spouse = <br /> | style = Vegetarian Dishes<br /> | education = <br /> | ratings = <br /> | restaurants = Ambi Swamy’s<br /> | prevrests = <br /> | television = <br /> | website ={{URL|https://ambiswami.com}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''M.S. Krishna Iyer''' (born 1934 or 1935, Thrissur, [[Kerala]], India), also known as '''Ambi Swamy''', was an Indian chef and a restaurateur. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web<br /> |url=https://malayalam.oneindia.com/news/2012/06/04/kerala-cooking-expert-ambi-swamy-obit-102022.html<br /> |title=Cooking expert Ambi Swamy no more<br /> |publisher=Oneindia Malayalam<br /> |access-date=2012-06-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web<br /> |url=http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/01/21/stories/2004012100160200.htm<br /> |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125065525/http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/01/21/stories/2004012100160200.htm<br /> |url-status=dead<br /> |archive-date=2013-01-25<br /> |newspaper=[[The Hindu]]<br /> |title=Catering to different tastes<br /> |date=2004-01-21<br /> |accessdate=2012-06-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Early life &amp; family==<br /> Ambi Swamy started his cooking at the age of 17 and has organised cooking for big programmes like [[Kerala School Kalolsavam]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news<br /> |title =Master Chef Ambi Swami passes away |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2012/Jun/05/master-chef-ambi-swami-passes-away-374518.html |publisher = newindianexpress |date =5 June 2012 |accessdate =1 September 2025 |language =English }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> He was instrumental in bringing vegetarian dishes to masses in [[Kerala]] from the temples.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news<br /> |title =Cooking expert Ambi Swamy passes away |url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/kerala/cooking-expert-ambi-swamy-passes-away_779682.html |publisher = zeenews |date =4 June 2012 |accessdate =1 September 2025 |language =English }}&lt;/ref&gt; He has prepared sadya for various functions of prominent people,including wedding sadya of former [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] [[K. Karunakaran]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title =വിട പറഞ്ഞത് രുചിയുടെ രാജാവ് |url =https://malayalam.oneindia.com/news/2012/06/04/kerala-cooking-expert-ambi-swamy-obit-102022.html |publisher = oneindia |date =4 June 2012|accessdate =1 September 2025 |language = Malayalam }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Swami is survived by his wife Narayani Ammal, sons Sangameshran, Suresh Ambi Swami alias Seshadri, Hariharan, Rajkumar (Prakash), Anil, Sunil, Venugopal, and daughters Parvathy and Ambili.<br /> swamy died in 2012 at Thrissur.<br /> &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web<br /> |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_cooking-expert-ambi-swamy-passes-away_1697925<br /> |title=Cooking expert Ambi Swamy passes away<br /> |publisher=DNA<br /> |accessdate=2012-06-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web<br /> |url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/31/stories/2007083159680200.htm<br /> |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118171149/http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/31/stories/2007083159680200.htm<br /> |url-status=dead<br /> |archive-date=2008-01-18<br /> |newspaper=[[The Hindu]]<br /> |title=It is Onam time again<br /> |date=2007-08-31<br /> |accessdate=2012-06-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Swamy,Ambi}}<br /> [[Category:1934 births]]<br /> [[Category:Chefs of Indian cuisine]]<br /> [[Category:Indian chefs]]<br /> [[Category:Businesspeople from Thrissur]]<br /> [[Category:2012 deaths]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delhi_Metro_Rail_Corporation&diff=452496 2026-01-31T15:48:55Z

<p>KurtFaucett: typo fix</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian metro railway company which serves Delhi and its sister cities}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=December 2016}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}{{Infobox company<br /> | name = Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC)<br /> | logo = Delhi Metro logo.svg<br /> | logo_size = 150px<br /> | caption = <br /> | type = Centre-State owned<br /> | traded_as = <br /> | fate = <br /> | predecessor = <br /> | successor = <br /> | foundation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1995|05|03}}&lt;br /&gt;New Delhi, Delhi, India<br /> | founder = <br /> | defunct = &lt;!-- {{End date|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} --&gt;<br /> | location_city = New Delhi, Delhi<br /> | location_country = Republic of India<br /> | locations = <br /> | area_served = <br /> | key_people = Srinivas Katikithala (Secretary of MoHUA &amp; Chairman) &lt;br /&gt;<br /> Vikas Kumar (Managing Director)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Top Management {{!}} Delhi Metro Rail Corporation |url=https://delhimetrorail.com/pages/en/top-management |website=Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. |access-date=31 January 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | industry = Public transport<br /> | products = <br /> | production = <br /> | services = [[Delhi Metro]], consultancy and implementation of metro rail, [[monorail]] and high-speed rail<br /> | revenue = {{up}}{{INRConvert|6645|c}} (2023) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://backend.delhimetrorail.com/documents/5227/English_AR-2022-23.pdf|title=DMRC Annual Report 2022-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | operating_income = {{up}}<br /> {{INRConvert|811|c}} (2023) <br /> | net_income = {{up}}{{INRConvert|-1569|c}} (2023) <br /> | assets = {{down}} {{INRConvert|77731|c}} (2023) <br /> | equity = {{down}}{{INRConvert|23359|c}} (2023) <br /> | owner = [[Government of the Republic of India]] Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs of the Republic of India&lt;br /&gt; [[Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi]]<br /> | parent = <br /> | divisions = <br /> | subsid = <br /> | homepage = {{URL|www.delhimetrorail.com/}}<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Delhi Metro Rail Corporation''' ('''DMRC''') is a [[Federalism in India|centre-state]] [[joint venture]] that operates the [[Delhi Metro]] and [[Noida Metro]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/dmrc-to-join-global-club-of-metro-networks-having-span-of-over-300-km/articleshow/66417846.cms|title=DMRC to join the global club of metro networks having a span of over 300 km|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=29 October 2018 |access-date=29 October 2018|archive-date=31 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031162716/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/dmrc-to-join-global-club-of-metro-networks-having-span-of-over-300-km/articleshow/66417846.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/delhi-metro-twitter-handle-now-officially-on-twitter-follow-them-officialdmrc-5501799/|title=Delhi Metro is now officially on Twitter Follow them @officialDMRC|date=20 December 2018|access-date=20 December 2018|archive-date=20 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220230213/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/delhi-metro-twitter-handle-now-officially-on-twitter-follow-them-officialdmrc-5501799/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The DMRC is also involved in the planning and implementation of [[Metro railway|metro rail]], [[monorail]], and [[high-speed rail]] [[HSR in India|projects in India]], and abroad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.delhimetrorail.com/about_us.aspx#Introduction|title=Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. – ABOUT US|website=Delhimetrorail.com|access-date=19 October 2017|archive-date=3 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203202033/http://www.delhimetrorail.com/about_us.aspx#Introduction|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The work of the DMRC is fragmented into various parts which are controlled by directors under the direction of a managing director.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. was created on 3 May 1995 with [[E. Sreedharan]] serving as its first managing director.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.delhimetrorail.com/needformetro/metro-need.aspx|title=Structure of Delhi Metro|publisher=DMRC|access-date=17 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100916160251/http://delhimetrorail.com/needformetro/metro-need.aspx|archive-date=16 September 2010|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sreedharan handed over charge as managing director of the DMRC to Mangu Singh on 31 December 2011.<br /> <br /> To mark its 10th anniversary in 2010, [[Delhi Metro]] introduced an 8 coach train for the first time. A commemorative souvenir book titled &quot;Delhi Metro: A Decade of Dedication, 10 Years of Metro Operations&quot; was also released. An exclusive 'METRO SONG-zindagi hai Delhi metro' composed by music director [[Vaibhav Saxena]] was also released and played at metro stations and FM stations.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Dayal |first1=Anuj |title=To mark the 10th anniversary of operations, Delhi metro to induct the first eight coach train tomorrow; celebrations to continue for a week. |url=http://www.delhimetrorail.com/whatnew_details.aspx?id=lsx6BKym9jUlld |website=delhi metro official site |publisher=DMRC |access-date=24 April 2020 |archive-date=12 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112070228/http://www.delhimetrorail.com/whatnew_details.aspx?id=lsx6BKym9jUlld |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Staff Reporter |title=Metro to celebrate 10 years with eight-coach car |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/metro-to-celebrate-10-years-with-eightcoach-car/article4231896.ece |access-date=24 April 2020 |work=The Hindu |agency=the hindu |date=23 December 2012 |archive-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426211711/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/metro-to-celebrate-10-years-with-eightcoach-car/article4231896.ece |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=metro |first1=delhi |title=Delhi Metro Official Anthem |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VEzziH3A9KY |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/VEzziH3A9KY |archive-date=2021-12-13 |url-status=live|website=youtube |publisher=delhi metro |access-date=24 April 2020}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=tyagi |first1=avantika |title=blending music to create heady re(mix) |url=https://archive.org/details/timesofindia-musicinterview |access-date=24 April 2020 |work=the times of india |agency=TOI |issue=TC NEXT |publisher=Times Of India |date=31 January 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Policy and awards ==<br /> The DMRC has made it compulsory to wear safety helmets on construction sites. It also earns [[carbon credit]]s with [[rainwater harvesting]] at metro stations and runs an [[HIV/AIDS]] programme for workers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://blogs.ft.com/beyond-brics/2012/09/26/india-showing-jakarta-how-metros-are-done/|title=Delhi to Jakarta: how to do a metro|website=Financial Times|access-date=19 October 2017|archive-date=21 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221172526/http://blogs.ft.com/beyond-brics/2012/09/26/india-showing-jakarta-how-metros-are-done/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The DMRC received ''Outstanding PSU of the Year'' (2016) award conferred by [[All India Management Association]] (AIMA). The DMRC was also awarded for its &quot;Outstanding Contribution&quot; for promoting world-class services in Urban Transportation and adopting best practices of Project Management.<br /> <br /> ==Other projects==<br /> <br /> ===Consultancy===<br /> The DMRC has a business development department for consultancy services.&lt;ref name = &quot;IE&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/set-up-sister-firm-for-consultancy-moud-to-delhi-metro/1065896/0 |work=The Indian Express|title=Set up sister firm for consultancy: MoUD to Delhi Metro|access-date=31 January 2013|date=29 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; The DMRC has served as the project consultant and has project reports (DPR) for every metro and monorail project in India, except the [[Kolkata Metro]] and [[Chennai MRTS]], which were constructed before the formation of the DMRC.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/city-anchor-delhi-on-track-now-metro-offers-expertise-to-jakarta/1006892/0|title=city anchor: Delhi on track, now Metro offers expertise to Jakarta – Indian Express|website=Indianexpress.com|date=24 September 2012|access-date=19 October 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; The DMRC also provides lighter consultancy operations, such as preparation of DPRs and feasibility reports for proposed systems in places such as [[Raipur]], [[Amritsar]] and [[Nagpur]].&lt;ref name=&quot;indianexpress.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/come-be-our-consultant-kuwait-to-delhi-metro/|title=Come, be our consultant: Kuwait to Delhi Metro|date=6 February 2014|website=Indianexpress.com|access-date=19 October 2017|archive-date=19 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019221032/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/come-be-our-consultant-kuwait-to-delhi-metro/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The DMRC also serves as consultant and prepared the DPR for the proposed [[Thiruvananthapuram - Mangalore High-Speed Passenger Corridor]].<br /> <br /> In September 2012, the DMRC entered into a partnership with eight other international companies for management consulting for the [[Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit]] system. This was the DMRC's first project outside India.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/generalnews/news/delhi-metro-bags-contract-in-indonesia/59945/|title=Delhi Metro bags contract in Indonesia|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=23 September 2012|access-date=19 October 2017|publisher=[[Business Standard]]|agency=Press Trust of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/delhi-metro-rail-corporation-goes-global-indonesian-metro-job-116819-2012-09-23|title=Delhi Metro Rail Corporation goes global with Indonesian Metro job|website=Indiatoday.intoday.in|access-date=19 October 2017|archive-date=4 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304041209/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/delhi-metro-rail-corporation-goes-global-indonesian-metro-job/1/221946.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The DMRC stated that its main responsibilities in the JV were the &quot;finalisation of the organisational structure of the Jakarta Metro, recruitment of personnel, development of training facilities and the training of the employees for various categories required for commencing the operations&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.asianage.com/delhi/delhi-metro-bags-crucial-role-jakarta-project-031 |title=Delhi metro bags crucial role in Jakarta project &amp;#124; the Asian Age |access-date=25 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102002416/http://www.asianage.com/delhi/delhi-metro-bags-crucial-role-jakarta-project-031 |archive-date=2 November 2012 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In February 2014, the DMRC was invited by the [[Government of Kuwait]] to act as a consultant for the proposed metro system in [[Kuwait City]], Kuwait.&lt;ref name=&quot;indianexpress.com&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Implementation===<br /> The DMRC is involved with the implementation and/or construction of [[Kochi Metro]], [[Jaipur Metro]], [[Lucknow Metro]], [[Hyderabad Metro]] and [[Patna Metro]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://hmrl.co.in/PDF/executive-summary.pdf|title=Hyd metro phase 1 DPR|access-date=16 September 2022|archive-date=30 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130074855/https://hmrl.co.in/PDF/executive-summary.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-23/jaipur/34039585_1_metro-train-dmrc-officials-udh-principal-secretary |title=Complete tracks by June 30, govt tells DMRC - Times of India |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103071409/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-23/jaipur/34039585_1_metro-train-dmrc-officials-udh-principal-secretary |archive-date=3 January 2013 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/dmrc-named-interim-consultant-for-lucknow-metro-project-113091000669_1.html|title=DMRC named interim consultant for Lucknow Metro project|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=10 September 2013|access-date=19 October 2017|publisher=[[Business Standard]]|archive-date=19 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019220326/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/dmrc-named-interim-consultant-for-lucknow-metro-project-113091000669_1.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.delhimetrorail.com/tender_Lucknow_Metro.aspx|title=Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. – Latest Tender|website=Delhimetrorail.com|access-date=19 October 2017|archive-date=20 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120094816/http://www.delhimetrorail.com/tender_Lucknow_Metro.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Delhi Metro Rail Academy ===<br /> The Delhi Metro Rail Academy (erstwhile DMRC Training Institute; renamed to DMRA on 18 September 2019 after a major upgrade) is a dedicated training institute that was set up and inaugurated on 19 July 2002 in the DMRC's [[Shastri Park metro station|Shastri Park depot]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Brochure&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://dmra.delhimetrorail.com/hi/DMRA-Brochure.pdf |title= Delhi Metro Rail Academy - Brochure |website=dmra.delhimetrorail.com |publisher= Delhi Metro Rail Academy |access-date= 16 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is the only metro rail training institute in South Asia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/17377/metro-training-school-gets-iso.html|title=Metro training school gets ISO certification|publisher=[[Deccan Herald]]|date=2 August 2009|access-date=20 December 2020|archive-date=21 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220721083449/https://www.deccanherald.com/content/17377/metro-training-school-gets-iso.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Over its history, the DMRC has trained over 63,000 of its trainees here, along with over 2,000 staff&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=19 September 2019 |title=Delhi Metro Training Institute now DMRA |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/delhi-metro-training-body-now-rail-academy/articleshow/71192420.cms |work= Times of India |location= New Delhi |access-date= 16 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; of many organizations, mainly metro rails, from both India and abroad. DMRA's international clients include [[Jakarta MRT|Jakarta MRT, Indonesia]] and [[Dhaka Metro Rail|Dhaka Metro Rail, Bangladesh]], while its Indian clients include [[Namma Metro]], [[Kochi Metro]], [[Chennai Metro]], [[Jaipur Metro]], [[Mumbai Metro]], and many more metros and other organizations.&lt;ref name=&quot;Brochure&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> The DMRC in partnership with the [[Indian Institute of Technology Delhi]] offers a one-year postgraduate diploma in metro technology. The course produces 25 executives of various streams, viz. Electrical, Civil, Architecture, Signalling, and Telecom, a year to staff metros across India. The [[Indian Institute of Technology Madras]] also offers a similar course for the Chennai Metro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/Shortage-of-experts-plagues-Kochi-Metro/articleshow/17962058.cms |title = Shortage of experts plagues Kochi Metro - Times of India |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130216070329/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-01-10/kochi/36257687_1_kmrl-kochi-metro-elias-george |archive-date=16 February 2013 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Delhi Metro]]<br /> *[[National Capital Region Transport Corporation]]<br /> *[[Rapid transit in India]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Delhi Metro}}<br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Delhi Metro]]<br /> [[Category:Rapid transit companies of India]]<br /> [[Category:Railway companies established in 1995]]<br /> [[Category:Companies based in Delhi]]<br /> [[Category:Indian companies established in 1995]]<br /> [[Category:Government-owned railway companies]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Viraatapalem&diff=544786 2026-01-27T01:33:14Z

<p>KurtFaucett: made new details.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|2025 Indian web series}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox television<br /> | image = Viraatapalem.jpg<br /> | caption = Promotional poster<br /> | genre = Supernatural thriller<br /> | writer = Divya Thejaswi Pera<br /> | screenplay = Vikram Kumar Kandimalla<br /> | director = Poluru Krishna<br /> | starring = {{ubl|Abhignya Vuthaluru|Charan Lakkaraju|Lavanya Sahukara|Ramaraju|[[Gowtham Raju]]|[[Sathish]]}}<br /> | music = Rohith Kumar<br /> | composer = <br /> | country = India<br /> | language = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]<br /> | num_seasons = 1<br /> | num_episodes = 7<br /> | producer = K. V. Sriram<br /> | location = [[Andhra Pradesh]], India<br /> | cinematography = Mahesh K Swaroop<br /> | editor = Chandrashekar<br /> | runtime = &lt;!-- Average runtime per episode, e.g., 30–40 minutes --&gt;<br /> | company = South Indian Screens<br /> | network = [[ZEE5]]<br /> | first_aired = {{Start date|2025|06|26|df=y}}<br /> | last_aired = present<br /> }}<br /> '''''Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting''''' is a 2025 [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[Thriller film|supernatural thriller]] that premiered on [[ZEE5]] on 26 June 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-22 |title=ZEE5 drops the intriguing trailer of the Telugu series Viraatapalem- PC Meena Reporting |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/web-series/article/zee5-drops-the-intriguing-trailer-of-telugu-series-viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-23575652 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-25 |title=Constable Kanakam makers accuse Zee5's Viraatapalem series of plagiarism |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Jun/25/constable-kanakam-makers-accuse-zee5s-viraatapalem-series-of-plagiarism |access-date=2025-06-26 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The series is directed by Poluru Krishna, known for the crime drama [[Recce (web series)|Recce]], and produced by K. V. Sriram under the South Indian Screens banner.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-06-17 |title=When are where to watch Abhignya Vuthaluru and Charan Lakkaraju's 'Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/when-are-where-to-watch-abhignya-vuthaluru-and-charan-lakkarajus-viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting/articleshow/121911391.cms |access-date=2025-06-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}&lt;/ref&gt; It stars [[YouTuber]]-turned-actress Abhignya Vuthaluru in the title role,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-20 |title=విరాటపాలెం: PC మీనా రిపోర్టింగ్‌ |url=https://www.ntnews.com/cinema/naveen-chandra-launched-trailer-on-viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-2041861 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=www.ntnews.com |language=te}}&lt;/ref&gt; alongside Charan Lakkaraju.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Viraatapalem PC Meena Reporting trailer: Abhignya battles a deadly curse and dark secrets in Zee 5's crime series |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-trailer-abhignya-battles-a-deadly-curse-and-dark-secrets-in-zee-5s-crime-series/37e59ad40a663 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Rohan |date=2025-06-19 |title=Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting Release Date Update: When &amp; Where To Watch The Telugu Crime Thriller Series? |url=https://www.koimoi.com/what-to-watch/viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-release-date-update-when-where-to-watch-the-telugu-crime-thriller-series/ |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Koimoi |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Harsh |first=B. H. |date=2025-06-19 |title=Viraatapalem trailer: A novice constable grapples with a superstition-ridden village |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Jun/19/viraatapalem-trailer-a-novice-constable-grapples-with-a-superstition-ridden-village |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Premise ==<br /> Set in the 1980s in the fictional village of Viraatapalem, the series follows a mysterious curse believed to cause newlywed brides to die on their wedding day. As a result, marriages have been avoided in the village for over a decade. Police constable Meenakshi, known as PC Meena, is transferred to the village and begins investigating the deaths. She is joined by Kittu, a reformed convict, as they explore the village's past and attempt to uncover the truth behind the incidents.<br /> <br /> == Cast and characters ==<br /> <br /> * Abhignya Vuthaluru as PC Meenakshi<br /> * Charan Lakkaraju as Kittu<br /> * Lavanya Sahukara as Bhramaramba<br /> * [[Ramaraju (actor)|Ramaraju]] as the village president<br /> * [[Gautham Raju|Gowtham Raju]] as the head constable<br /> <br /> == Production ==<br /> The series is developed by South Indian Screens in collaboration with [[ZEE5]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Devulapally |first=Aditya |date=2025-06-18 |title=Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting to premiere on OTT on this date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Jun/18/viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-to-premiere-on-ott-on-this-date |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; It was filmed in rural [[Andhra Pradesh]]. Poluru Krishna directed the series, while the original story was conceived by Divya Thejaswi Pera and adapted into a screenplay by Vikram Kumar Kandimalla.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Naveen Chandra Unveils Gripping Trailer of ZEE5's 'Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting' |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/naveen-chandra-unveils-gripping-trailer-of-zee5s-viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-981171 |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=The Hans India |date=19 June 2025 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Release ==<br /> Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting was released on [[ZEE5]] on 26 June 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-19 |title=ZEE5 drops gripping trailer of thriller series Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting |url=https://telanganatoday.com/zee5-drops-gripping-trailer-of-thriller-series-viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Telangana Today |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nill |first=Saketh |date=2025-06-19 |title='విరాటపాలెం : PC మీనా రిపోర్టింగ్' ట్రైలర్ రిలీజ్.. ఆ ఊళ్ళో పెళ్లి చేసుకున్న ప్రతి అమ్మాయి చనిపోతే.. |url=https://10tv.in/telugu-news/movies/viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-zee5-web-series-trailer-released-sy-959778.html |access-date=2025-06-23 |website=10TV Telugu |language=te}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Episodes ==<br /> {{Episode table |background=#9C958E |overall= |title= |director= |airdate= |directorR= |writerR= |airdateR= |episodes={{Episode list <br /> |EpisodeNumber = 1<br /> |Title = The Red Wedding<br /> |DirectedBy = Krishna Poluru<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2025|06|26|df=y}} <br /> |ShortSummary = Residents of Viraatapalem attribute the recent death of a newlywed woman, Durga, to a local curse. Meanwhile, Meena, a young police officer, is assigned to the village to investigate.<br /> |LineColor = #9C958E}}<br /> {{Episode list <br /> |EpisodeNumber = 2<br /> |Title = The Bride and the Curse<br /> |DirectedBy = Krishna Poluru<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2025|06|26|df=y}} <br /> |ShortSummary = Ranga, a villager, marries Malli despite local superstitions surrounding a curse. Shortly afterward, Malli collapses near the temple and dies suddenly, leading the community to attribute her death to the rumored curse.<br /> |LineColor = #9C958E}}<br /> {{Episode list <br /> |EpisodeNumber = 3<br /> |Title = Staking It All<br /> |DirectedBy = Krishna Poluru<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2025|06|26|df=y}} <br /> |ShortSummary = Meena attempts to file a case regarding Malli’s unexplained death, but the process is delayed. During this time, the village president proposes that Meena marry his son, and he is taken aback by her response.<br /> |LineColor = #9C958E}}<br /> {{Episode list <br /> |EpisodeNumber = 4<br /> |Title = Encounter With The Truth<br /> |DirectedBy = Krishna Poluru<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2025|06|26|df=y}} <br /> |ShortSummary = As preparations for Meena’s wedding to the village president’s son commence, villagers grow increasingly anxious that the curse will claim another victim. When Meena collapses during the celebrations, she responds by officially filing a case, identifying herself as a target of the supposed curse.<br /> |LineColor = #9C958E}}<br /> {{Episode list <br /> |EpisodeNumber = 5<br /> |Title = Forever Bride<br /> |DirectedBy = Krishna Poluru<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2025|06|26|df=y}} <br /> |ShortSummary = Meena initiates a thorough investigation to uncover the truth behind the unexplained deaths. As her inquiry progresses, her wedding is suddenly canceled. Her pursuit of the case leads her into increasingly perilous circumstances.<br /> |LineColor = #9C958E}}<br /> {{Episode list <br /> |EpisodeNumber = 6<br /> |Title = The Last Straw<br /> |DirectedBy = Krishna Poluru<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2025|06|26|df=y}} <br /> |ShortSummary = Meena’s investigation is hindered when she receives a transfer order. During a visit to the headquarters, she learns that Narsayya was behind the recommendation for her transfer. Suspecting ulterior motives, Meena begins to investigate Narsayya’s background.<br /> |LineColor = #9C958E}}<br /> {{Episode list <br /> |EpisodeNumber = 7<br /> |Title = Mystery of Viraatapalem<br /> |DirectedBy = Krishna Poluru<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2025|06|26|df=y}} <br /> |ShortSummary = With the village president’s support, Meena assists two villagers in getting married, challenging the widespread fear of the curse. Meanwhile, she races to uncover the true cause of the deaths before anyone else becomes a victim.<br /> |LineColor = #9C958E}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> ''Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting'' received mixed to negative reviews from critics.<br /> <br /> ''Chitrajyothy'' described the series as a &quot;nail-biting thriller&quot; with a promising storyline but noted inconsistencies in screenplay and pacing that diluted its impact.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-27 |title=Viraatapalem Thriller Series Review: విరాట పాలెం వెబ్ సీరిస్ రివ్యూ {{!}} Nail Biting Thriller Series Viraatapalem PC Meena Reporting Review |url=https://www.chitrajyothy.com/2025/ott/nail-biting-thriller-series-viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-review-64164.html |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Chitrajyothy Telugu News |language=te}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Deccan Chronicle|''Deccan Chronicle'']] remarked that &quot;Viraatapalem starts with a promising premise of a cursed village and a determined female constable, but unfortunately, it gets lost in its own underdeveloped plot. Despite flashes of potential in its suspense and commentary on workplace gender dynamics, the series ultimately delivers a predictable and routine narrative.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-27 |title=Viraatapalem PC Meena Reporting Review |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/ott/viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-review-a-cursed-village-a-predictable-plot-1887876 |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=www.deccanchronicle.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Siddartha Toleti of ''M9 News'' observed that the series &quot;has a decent setup. However, the execution and the writing are so amateurish that it’s impossible to stick through, even for hardcore thriller lovers.&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Toleti |first=Siddartha |date=2025-06-28 |title=Viraatapalem Review: Amateurish to the Core |url=https://www.m9.news/ott-review/viraatapalem-review-amateurish-to-the-core/ |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=M9.news |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mallemala Entertainments|''123Telugu'']] echoed similar sentiments, stating that &quot;Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting is a textbook example of how a decent concept can be dragged down by clueless writing, lifeless performances, and carelessly stitched episodes that lead absolutely nowhere.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-28 |title=Viraatapalem Telugu Web Series Review and Rating |url=https://www.123telugu.com/reviews/viraatapalem-telugu-web-series-review.html?=1 |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=123telugu.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ''[[Scroll.in]]'' highlighted the protagonist, a tough cop investigating mysterious deaths.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-06-28 |title='Viraatapalem: PC Meena Reporting' review: A tough cop investigates the affair of the dying brides |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1083969/viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-review-a-tough-cop-investigates-the-affair-of-the-dying-brides |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=Scroll.in |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Avad Mohammad of [[HT Media|''OTTplay'']] rated 2.5 out of 5 stars and stated &quot;The Abhigya Vuthaluru starrer starts on an interesting note but gets botched up and become a forced crime thriller.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Viraatapalem - PC Meena Reporting Review: A predictable crime drama with no bite |url=https://www.ottplay.com/review/viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting-review-a-predictable-crime-drama-that-falls-apart/53c96eccf3802 |access-date=2025-06-28 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * {{IMDb title|id=37353853}}<br /> * ''[https://www.zee5.com/web-series/details/viraatapalem-pc-meena-reporting/0-6-4z5774357 Viraatapalem]'' on [[ZEE5]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Indian drama television series]]<br /> [[Category:Indian crime television series]]<br /> [[Category:Indian supernatural television series]]<br /> [[Category:ZEE5 original programming]]<br /> [[Category:Telugu-language television shows]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Service_Institution&diff=451639 2026-01-23T11:16:36Z

<p>KurtFaucett: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Hatnote|&quot;United Service Institution&quot; was also the name from 1839 to 1860 of what is now the [[Royal United Services Institute]] in London}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox organization<br /> |name = United Service Institution of India<br /> |logo = United Service Institution of India.png<br /> |image_border = <br /> |logo_size = 150px<br /> |alt = <br /> |logo_caption = Insignia of USI<br /> |abbreviation = USI<br /> |motto = <br /> |predecessor =<br /> |successor =<br /> |formation = {{Start date and age|1870|df=yes}}<br /> |founder = [[Sir Charles MacGregor]]<br /> |extinction = <br /> |type = <br /> |status = <br /> |purpose = <br /> |headquarters = <br /> |location = [[New Delhi]], [[India]]<br /> |coords = <br /> |region_served = <br /> |membership = <br /> |language = <br /> |general =<br /> |leader_title = Director<br /> |leader_name = [[Vice admiral (India)|Vice Admiral]] [[Sanjay Jasjit Singh]] {{Post-nominals|size=80%|country=IND|SYSM|PVSM|AVSM|NM}}<br /> |key_people = <br /> |main_organ = <br /> |parent_organization = <br /> |affiliations = <br /> |budget = <br /> |num_staff = <br /> |num_volunteers = <br /> |website = {{URL|www.usiofindia.org}}<br /> |remarks = <br /> |former name =<br /> }}<br /> '''United Service Institution''' of India ('''USI''') is a national security and defence services [[think tank]] based in [[New Delhi]], [[India]]. It describes its aim as the &quot;furtherance of interest and knowledge in the art, science and literature of the defence services&quot;.<br /> <br /> USI operates centres for research in various areas of national security. The USI Journal, published quarterly since 1872, is the oldest defence journal in [[Asia]]. It also publishes a number of [[monograph]]s based on research and study by its members.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> The United Service Institution was established in 1870 by [[Charles MacGregor|Major General Sir Charles MacGregor]] in [[Shimla]]. It was founded as a society in the ''furtherance of interest and knowledge in the art, science and literature of the Defence Services''. The institute was initially housed in the Old Town Hall, and later received temporary accommodation in the Indian Army Headquarters, which was also then based in Shimla.<br /> <br /> In 1908, the institute acquired its own premises near Combermere Post Office in Shimla Hills. Among the distinguished officers who have served as its secretary, was [[William Slim, 1st Viscount Slim|Field Marshal William Joseph Slim]] in the 1930s.<br /> <br /> After [[independence of India|independence]] and the subsequent [[partition of India]], the institute attempted to continue as a joint institution for both countries as the ''United Service Institution of India and Pakistan''. The four 1948 issues of the institute's journal were published jointly. However, following the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947]], cross-border relations were interrupted and the institute has since been known as the ''United Service Institution of India''.<br /> <br /> Following independence, the institute went through financially testing times. It had to sell its Shimla headquarters. In 1953, the institute relocated to New Delhi. The institute survived primarily due to the efforts of Colonel (Retd.) Pyara Lal, its secretary from 1957 to 1987. The institute operated in New Delhi from [[Kashmir House]] until 1996. The foundation stone for its current headquarters in [[Vasant Vihar]], New Delhi, was laid on 26 April 1993, and the institute was relocated in 1996.&lt;ref name=usi-history&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.usiofindia.org/About/History/|title=USI History|publisher=United Service Institution of India|access-date=2011-12-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Activities==<br /> USI operates two centres of research and one centre for coaching predominantly Indian Army and limited Indian Naval officers for Professional Military Education exams.<br /> <br /> ===Centre for Strategic Studies and Simulation===<br /> The Centre for Strategic Studies and Simulation (CS3) is focused on conducting research and analyses on national and international security issues. It leverages gaming and simulation of strategic scenarios, to explore options for wider discussion and consideration.&lt;ref name=usi-cs3&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.usiofindia.org/CS3/|title=Centre for Strategic Studies and Simulation|publisher=United Service Institution of India|access-date=2011-12-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research===<br /> The Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research (CAFHR) studies the history of Indian Armed Forces. It focuses on diverse aspects of the services policies and practices—strategic, tactical, logistical, organisational, socio-economic. CAFHR is organized into four research groups focusing on different periods of Indian history—that before 1750, from 1750 to 1900, 1900 to 1947 and post-1947.&lt;ref name=usi-cafhr&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.usiofindia.org/CAFHR/|title=Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research|publisher=United Service Institution of India|access-date=2011-12-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; The centre also does consulting, script writing and guidance for movies and documentaries related to Military History.<br /> <br /> '''Courses Section (Coaching for Professional Military Education)'''<br /> <br /> ==Colonel Pyara Lal Memorial Library==<br /> <br /> Colonel Pyara Lal Memorial Library (Information Resource Centre) of USI is a knowledge hub in the area of Defence Studies/Services, Strategic Perspective, War/Warfare, Conflict/Peace Studies/United Nation, Foreign/International Relations/Diplomacy, Continent /Countries studies, National/ International Security, Insurgency/Naxalism/Terrorism, Nuclear Issues, General/ Academic/ Historical Studies and Autobiography/Biography/Memoires/ Travelite. It is a highly specialised library for enhancing and enriching knowledge while concurrently facilitating education, research, training, self-development, well-being, and lifelong learning. A full spectrum of ever-expanding body of worldwide knowledge and information superiority is maintained by acquiring, and furthering ease of access to books, manuscripts, and other print and non-print materials and preserving these for the benefit of the members.<br /> <br /> Keeping in view the convenience of its patrons, the library is located on the ground floor of United Service Institution of India, New Delhi and is air-conditioned.<br /> <br /> The library has computerised its activities, processes, products and services for the benefit of users to facilitate fast access to the information held in the library and to promote the evolution of library use, and increasing availability of library resources to its members.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://usiofindia.org/library/|title=Library – USI|website=usiofindia.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Publications==<br /> <br /> Some of the famous books and monographs published by the institution are:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://usiofindia.org/books-monographs/|title=Books / Monographs – USI}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.vijbooks.com Publishers of USI]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * ''A Talent for War: The Military Biography of Lt Gen Sagat Singh''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SM7AgAAQBAJ&amp;q=sagat+singh|title=A Talent for War: The Military Biography of Lt Gen Sagat Singh|first=Maj Gen Randhir|last=Sinh (Retd)|date=24 October 2013|publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd|isbn=9789382652236|via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt; (2013), Maj Gen Randhir Sinh (Retd), Vij Books India / United Service Institution of India, {{ISBN|978-93-82652-23-6}}. A military biography of Lt Gen [[Sagat Singh]].<br /> * China and India: A Comparative Analysis of Approaches to Energy Security by Prashant Agrawal<br /> * China's Asia-Pacific Strategy and India by Narendra Kumar Tripathi<br /> * China's Maritime Ambitions and the PLA Navy by Sandeep Dewan (foreword by Srikant Kondapalli)<br /> * China's Quest for Global Dominance:Reality or Myth by Ed PJS Sandhu (Retd)<br /> * Coastal Security- Maritime Dimensions of India's Homeland Security by Prof K R Singh<br /> * Countering Insurgencies in India&amp;nbsp;— An Insiders View by E M Rammohan, IPS (Retd)<br /> * Countering Transnational Terrorism by Brig Rahul K Bhonsle(Retd)<br /> * Counterinsurgency and Quest for Peace by Col Anil Athale (Retd)<br /> * Echoes from Beyond the Banihal-Kashmir : Human Rights and Armed Forces by Sujata Kanungo<br /> * India Bangladesh Relations: The Way Ahead by Lt Gen Y M Bammi(Retd)<br /> * Iran's Relations with Pakistan: A Strategic Analysis by Dr. Satyanarayan Pattanayak<br /> * Left Wing Extremism: Assessment and Counter Insurgency Strategy by Col Akshaya Handa<br /> * Maoist Insurgency and India's Internal Security by EN Rammohan, Amrit Pal Singh, AK Agarwal<br /> * Minerals, Market and Maritime Strategy by Cmde Sujeet Samaddar<br /> * Multi-Vector Policies of Central Asian Nations and India by Brig Vinod Anand (Retd)<br /> * National Security Challenges for India in the Next Decade&amp;nbsp;— Conflicts in North East<br /> * Pak Af Equation and Future of Afghanistan by Brig Vinod Ana nd (Retd)<br /> * Peace and Stability in Afghanistan: The Way Ahead by Ed: Maj Gen Y K Gera (Retd)<br /> * Peace and Stability in Asia-Pacific Region&amp;nbsp;— Assessment of the Security Architecture Architecture by Maj Gen Y K Gera<br /> * Possibility of a Nuclear War in Asia- An Indian Perspective by Col G G Pamidi<br /> * Reorganising the Air Force for Future Operations by AVM A K Tiwary, VSM<br /> * Rising China: Opportunity or Strategic Challenge by Maj Gen P J S Sandhu (Retd)<br /> * Strategies for Countering Non State Actors in South Asia by Ed Maj Gen PJS Sandhu<br /> * Stress, Suicide and Fratricides in the Armyby Maj Gen Samay Ram (Retd)<br /> * Suicide Terrorism: Relevance in Indian Context by Lt Col Behram A Sahukar<br /> * The Implacable Taliban, Repeating History in Afghanistan by E N Rammohan<br /> * The Indian Armed Forces: Socio Legal Perspective by Wg Cdr U C Jha (Retd)<br /> * The Invisible Wall of China by Mohit Nayal<br /> * Transformation of the Indian Armed Forces 2025- Enhancing India's Defence by Maj Gen A K Lal (retd)<br /> * Water Issues in Sino- Indian &amp; Indo&amp;nbsp;— Pak Relations by Narender Kumar Tripathi<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[MacGregor Medal]]<br /> *[[Centre for Land Warfare Studies]]<br /> *[[Centre for Air Power Studies (India)]]<br /> *[[Democracy in India]]<br /> *[[Election Commission of India]]<br /> *[[Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses]]<br /> *[[List of think tanks in India]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Think tanks based in India]]<br /> [[Category:Organisations based in Delhi]]<br /> [[Category:Foreign policy and strategy think tanks in India]]<br /> [[Category:Organizations established in 1870]]<br /> [[Category:1870 establishments in India]]<br /> [[Category:Military history of India]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chithha_(soundtrack)&diff=494318 2026-01-21T22:44:23Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Creating info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|2023 soundtrack album}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox album<br /> | name = Chithha<br /> | cover = Chithha album cover.jpg<br /> | caption = Soundtrack album cover<br /> | type = soundtrack<br /> | artist = [[Dhibu Ninan Thomas]] and [[Santhosh Narayanan]]<br /> | released = 27 September 2023<br /> | recorded = 2023<br /> | genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]<br /> | length = 12:38<br /> | language = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]<br /> | label = [[Think Music]]<br /> | producer = [[Dhibu Ninan Thomas]], [[Santhosh Narayanan]]<br /> | chronology = <br /> | misc = {{External media<br /> | audio1 = {{YouTube|cO8925199Z0|Audio Jukebox}}<br /> }}<br /> {{Extra chronology<br /> | artist = [[Dhibu Ninan Thomas]]<br /> | type = Soundtrack<br /> | prev_title = [[Nadhi]]<br /> | prev_year = 2023<br /> | title = Chithha<br /> | year = 2023<br /> | next_title = [[Ajayante Randam Moshanam]]<br /> | next_year = 2024<br /> }}<br /> {{Extra chronology<br /> | artist = [[Santhosh Narayanan]]<br /> | type = Soundtrack<br /> | prev_title = [[Dasara (soundtrack)|Dasara]]<br /> | prev_year = 2023<br /> | title = Chithha<br /> | year = 2023<br /> | next_title = [[Jigarthanda DoubleX]]<br /> | next_year = 2023<br /> }}<br /> {{Singles<br /> | name = Chithha<br /> | type = soundtrack<br /> | single1 = Kangal Edho<br /> | single1date = 7 September 2023<br /> | single2 = Show Me The Way<br /> | single2date = 11 September 2023<br /> | single3 = Unakku Thaan<br /> | single3date = 22 September 2023<br /> }}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Chithha''''' is the soundtrack to the 2023 [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language drama film [[Chithha|of the same name]] directed by [[S. U. Arun Kumar]] starring [[Siddharth (actor)|Siddharth]], [[Nimisha Sajayan]] and [[Anjali Nair (actress, born 1988)|Anjali Nair]]. The film's soundtrack featured three songs composed by [[Dhibu Ninan Thomas]] and one song composed by [[Santhosh Narayanan]]. Preceded by three singles, the soundtrack was released through [[Think Music]] on 27 September 2023. At the [[69th Filmfare Awards South]], both composers won the [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Tamil]].<br /> <br /> == Album information ==<br /> ''Chithha'''s soundtrack featured four songs—three of them, &quot;Kangal Edho&quot;, &quot;Theera Swasame&quot; and &quot;Show Me The Way&quot; were composed by [[Dhibu Ninan Thomas]]; one song &quot;Unakku Thaan&quot; was composed by [[Santhosh Narayanan]] as a guest composer. &quot;Unakku Thaan&quot; served as the [[title song]] for the film.<br /> <br /> The first single &quot;Kangal Edho&quot; was released on 7 September 2023.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2023-09-07 |title=Kangal Edho song from Siddharth's Chithha is out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/Aug/31/kangal-edho-song-from-siddharths-chithha-is-out-47175.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230908212835/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/Aug/31/kangal-edho-song-from-siddharths-chithha-is-out-47175.html |archive-date=2023-09-08 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-09-08 |title=Kangal Edho song from Siddharths Chithha is out. Watch now! |url=https://mirchi.in/stories/music/kangal-edho-song-from-chithha-is-out-watch-now/103266976 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823092231/https://mirchi.in/stories/music/kangal-edho-song-from-chithha-is-out-watch-now/103266976 |archive-date=2024-08-23 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Mirchi |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The song was written by [[Yugabharathi]] and performed by [[Pradeep Kumar (musician)|Pradeep Kumar]] and Karthika Vaidyanathan.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; The second single &quot;Show Me The Way&quot; which accompanied the film's teaser in the background was released as a single on 11 September 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Dhibu Ninan |author-link=Dhibu Ninan Thomas |last2=Poorvi |date=2023-09-11 |title=Show Me The Way (from ''Chithha'') |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/1ZDuaoeeXJhj3n13HRCUYs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823091747/https://open.spotify.com/album/1ZDuaoeeXJhj3n13HRCUYs |archive-date=2024-08-23 |access-date=2024-08-23 |publisher=[[Think Music]] |via=[[Spotify]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; The third single &quot;Unakku Thaan&quot; was accompanied with a music video directed by Deeraj Vaidy featuring Siddharth and Sahasra Shree, released on 22 September 2023.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2023-09-22 |title=Makers of Chithha release Unakku Thaan ft Santhosh Narayanan |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/Sep/22/makers-of-chithha-release-unakku-thaan-ftsanthosh-narayanan-47898.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823092229/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/Sep/22/makers-of-chithha-release-unakku-thaan-ftsanthosh-narayanan-47898.html |archive-date=2024-08-23 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The song was written by [[Vivek (lyricist)|Vivek]] and performed by Narayanan and Dhvani Kailas.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> The soundtrack was released on 27 September 2023 in digital music platforms.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=27 September 2023 |title=Siddharth's Chithha Jukebox is out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/sep/27/siddharths-chithha-jukebox-is-out-48061.amp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928054226/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/sep/27/siddharths-chithha-jukebox-is-out-48061.amp |archive-date=28 September 2023 |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=[[Cinema Express]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> Divya Venugopal of ''[[Radio Mirchi]]'' called &quot;Kangal Edho&quot; as an &quot;endearing track that will grow on you&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Venugopal |first=Divya |date=2023-10-07 |title=Kangal Edho video song from Chithha is an endearing track that will grow on you. |url=https://mirchi.in/stories/music/kangal-edho-video-song-from-chithha-is-an-endearing-track-that-will-grow-on-you-watch-now/104204351 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240824065103/https://mirchi.in/stories/music/kangal-edho-video-song-from-chithha-is-an-endearing-track-that-will-grow-on-you-watch-now/104204351 |archive-date=2024-08-24 |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=Radio Mirchi |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Krishna Selvaseelan of ''[[Tamil Guardian]]'' wrote &quot;Although the score and songs often slip into the melodramatic, it does not detract too much from the intensity of the film.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Selvaseelam |first=Krishna |date=7 October 2023 |title='Chithha - a devastating, nauseating watch |url=https://www.tamilguardian.com/content/chithha-devastating-nauseating-watch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019155203/https://www.tamilguardian.com/content/chithha-devastating-nauseating-watch |archive-date=2023-10-19 |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=[[Tamil Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rajasekar S. of ''[[Puthiya Thalaimurai|The Federal]]'' called the songs as &quot;soul-touching&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=S |first1=Rajasekar |date=25 September 2023 |title=Chithha review: Emotional roller-coaster that lands a strong punch |url=https://thefederal.com/category/entertainment/chithha-review-emotional-roller-coaster-that-lands-a-strong-punch-96897 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925195946/https://thefederal.com/category/entertainment/chithha-review-emotional-roller-coaster-that-lands-a-strong-punch-96897 |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=The Federal |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Atchayaa Rajkumar of ''[[The News Minute]]'' found the film's music as &quot;the perfect accompaniment to complement the highs and lows of the movie.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Rajkumar |first=Akchayaa |date=2023-09-29 |title=Chithha review: Siddharth's film on child sexual abuse is sensitive and compelling |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/chithha-review-siddharths-film-on-child-sexual-abuse-is-sensitive-and-compelling |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Janani K. of ''[[India Today]]'' added that the music &quot;aided well in creating the thrill&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;IT&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=26 September 2023 |title='Chithha' Review: Siddharth, Arun Kumar's take on sensitive issue is a lesson to many |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/chithha-review-siddharth-arun-kumars-take-on-sensitive-issue-is-a-lesson-to-many-2440713-2023-09-26 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926204520/https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/movies/reviews/story/chithha-review-siddharth-arun-kumars-take-on-sensitive-issue-is-a-lesson-to-many-2440713-2023-09-26 |archive-date=2023-09-26 |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=India Today |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Reviewing the trends of Tamil film music in 2023, Navein Darshan of ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' mentioned &quot;Unakku Thaan&quot; and called it as &quot;the anthem of the year for every parental figure, celebrating the song with all their hearts.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Darshan |first=Navein |date=2023-12-28 |title=The 2023 Jukebox, Reminiscing the music of Tamil cinema |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2023/Dec/28/tamil-cinemajukebox-2023-2645461.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240110050641/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2023/Dec/28/tamil-cinemajukebox-2023-2645461.html |archive-date=2024-01-10 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Karthik Srinivasan]] of ''Milliblog'' and Vipin Nair of ''Music Aloud'' ranked the song at 5th on their best of Indian film music in 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Karthik |author-link=Karthik Srinivasan |date=2023-12-16 |title=Milliblog Annual Music round-up 2023 |url=https://milliblog.com/2023/12/16/milliblog-annual-music-round-up-2023/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218161033/https://milliblog.com/2023/12/16/milliblog-annual-music-round-up-2023/ |archive-date=2023-12-18 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=[[Milliblog]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nair |first=Vipin |date=2023-12-28 |title=Music Aloud Playback – Best Indian Songs of 2023! |url=https://www.musicaloud.com/2023/12/28/music-aloud-playback-best-indian-songs-of-2023/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108122354/https://www.musicaloud.com/2023/12/28/music-aloud-playback-best-indian-songs-of-2023/ |archive-date=2024-01-08 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Music Aloud}}&lt;/ref&gt; In their 2023 year-ender, analyzing best of music in Indian films and webseries, Devarsi Ghosh of ''[[Scroll.in]]'' mentioned &quot;Unakku Thaan&quot; as a soul-stirring number.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ghosh |first=Devarsi |date=2023-12-26 |title=2023 year ender: The best music in films and web series |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1061079/2023-year-ender-the-best-music-in-films-and-web-series |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231034632/https://scroll.in/reel/1061079/2023-year-ender-the-best-music-in-films-and-web-series |archive-date=2023-12-31 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Scroll.in |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Impact ==<br /> The song &quot;Unakku Thaan&quot; became popular after the film's release, with numerous covers being surfaced.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-02-02 |title=Woman's Beautiful Rendition Of Tamil Song Unakku Thaan Is Winning Hearts |url=https://www.news18.com/viral/womans-beautiful-rendition-of-tamil-song-unakku-thaan-is-winning-hearts-8763137.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204132305/https://www.news18.com/viral/womans-beautiful-rendition-of-tamil-song-unakku-thaan-is-winning-hearts-8763137.html |archive-date=2024-02-04 |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=News18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; A cover of the song with vocals by [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] [[Music and artificial intelligence|generated via AI]] went viral.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; According to Darshan, &quot;The thought that an AI can almost bring to life the voice of the legend we lost three years ago startled music lovers, especially the ones who belonged to the cassette era. The software-generated cover versions of recent famous songs and classics featuring voices of AR Rahman, Dhanush, Vijay, Sid Sriram and an amusing list of political leaders were widely consumed and shared by a significant portion of the crowd; to the point where AI covers have almost become a sub-genre of music now.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Track listing ==<br /> <br /> === Tamil ===<br /> {{track listing<br /> | headline = ''Chithha'' (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Dhibu Ninan |author-link=Dhibu Ninan Thomas |last2=Narayanan |first2=Santhosh |author-link2=Santhosh Narayanan |date=2023-09-27 |title=''Chithha'' (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/4N2LYZUpZRdVq2344dCeGO |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823084709/https://open.spotify.com/album/4N2LYZUpZRdVq2344dCeGO |archive-date=2024-08-23 |access-date=2024-08-23 |publisher=[[Think Music]] |via=[[Spotify]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | extra_column = Singer(s)<br /> | title1 = Kangal Edho<br /> | length1 = 4:02<br /> | music1 = [[Dhibu Ninan Thomas]]<br /> | lyrics1 = [[Yugabharathi]]<br /> | extra1 = [[Pradeep Kumar (musician)|Pradeep Kumar]], Karthika Vaidyanathan<br /> | title2 = Theera Swasame<br /> | music2 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | length2 = 3:46<br /> | lyrics2 = [[S. U. Arun Kumar]]<br /> | extra2 = [[Kapil Kapilan]]<br /> | title3 = Show Me The Way<br /> | music3 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | length3 = 1:14<br /> | lyrics3 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | extra3 = Poorvi<br /> | title4 = Unakku Thaan<br /> | length4 = 3:36<br /> | lyrics4 = [[Vivek (lyricist)|Vivek]]<br /> | music4 = [[Santhosh Narayanan]]<br /> | extra4 = Santhosh Narayanan, Dhvani Kailas<br /> | total_length = 12:38<br /> }}<br /> <br /> === Telugu ===<br /> {{track listing<br /> | headline = ''Chinna'' (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Dhibu Ninan |last2=Narayanan |first2=Santhosh |date=2023-10-09 |title=''Chinna'' (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/1Kx904amkd1n6EiduSfoN9 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823085044/https://open.spotify.com/album/1Kx904amkd1n6EiduSfoN9 |archive-date=2024-08-23 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website= |publisher=Think Music |via=Spotify}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | extra_column = Singer(s)<br /> | title1 = Kaalamedho<br /> | length1 = 4:03<br /> | music1 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | lyrics1 = [[Krishna Kanth]]<br /> | extra1 = [[Chinmayi Sripaada]], [[Nakul Abhyankar]]<br /> | title2 = Neeve Swasave<br /> | music2 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | length2 = 3:49<br /> | lyrics2 = Krishna Kanth<br /> | extra2 = Sreekanth Hariharan<br /> | title3 = Show Me The Way<br /> | music3 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | length3 = 1:14<br /> | lyrics3 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | extra3 = Poorvi<br /> | title4 = Needhele<br /> | length4 = 3:34<br /> | lyrics4 = Krishna Kanth<br /> | music4 = Santhosh Narayanan<br /> | extra4 = [[Anurag Kulkarni]], Dhvani Kailas<br /> | total_length = 12:41<br /> }}<br /> <br /> === Malayalam ===<br /> {{track listing<br /> | headline = ''Chitta'' (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Dhibu Ninan |last2=Narayanan |first2=Santhosh |date=2023-09-28 |title=''Chitta'' (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/3SipgBr3P0bAphJrK7tjur |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823085237/https://open.spotify.com/album/3SipgBr3P0bAphJrK7tjur |archive-date=2024-08-23 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website= |publisher=Think Music |via=Spotify}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | extra_column = Singer(s)<br /> | title1 = Kannil Njano<br /> | length1 = 4:03<br /> | music1 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | lyrics1 = [[Joe Paul (lyricist)|Joe Paul]]<br /> | extra1 = [[Haricharan]], Chinmayi Sripaada<br /> | title2 = Maayaa Vaasame<br /> | music2 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | length2 = 3:47<br /> | lyrics2 = Joe Paul<br /> | extra2 = [[Benny Dayal]]<br /> | title3 = Show Me The Way<br /> | music3 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | length3 = 1:14<br /> | lyrics3 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | extra3 = Poorvi<br /> | title4 = Aalolam<br /> | length4 = 3:34<br /> | lyrics4 = Joe Paul<br /> | music4 = Santhosh Narayanan<br /> | extra4 = Aditya Ravindran, Dhvani Kailas<br /> | total_length = 12:39<br /> }}<br /> <br /> === Kannada ===<br /> {{track listing<br /> | headline = ''Chikku'' (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Dhibu Ninan |last2=Narayanan |first2=Santhosh |date=2023-09-28 |title=''Chikku'' (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/2srywFK4e1aWMg1jRrzaMc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823085635/https://open.spotify.com/album/2srywFK4e1aWMg1jRrzaMc |archive-date=2024-08-23 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website= |publisher=Think Music |via=Spotify}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | extra_column = Singer(s)<br /> | title1 = Kanna Baana<br /> | length1 = 4:03<br /> | music1 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | lyrics1 = Pramod Maravanthe<br /> | extra1 = Haricharan, Chinmayi Sripaada<br /> | title2 = Enu Kaanade<br /> | music2 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | length2 = 3:49<br /> | lyrics2 = Pramod Maravanthe<br /> | extra2 = Sreekanth Hariharan<br /> | title3 = Show Me The Way<br /> | music3 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | length3 = 1:14<br /> | lyrics3 = Dhibu Ninan Thomas<br /> | extra3 = Poorvi<br /> | title4 = Ninageye<br /> | length4 = 3:34<br /> | lyrics4 = Pramod Maravanthe<br /> | music4 = Santhosh Narayanan<br /> | extra4 = Anurag Kulkarni, Dhvani Kailas<br /> | total_length = 12:41<br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Background score ==<br /> {{Infobox album<br /> | name = Chithha<br /> | cover = <br /> | caption = <br /> | type = film score<br /> | artist = [[Vishal Chandrashekhar]]<br /> | released = 15 March 2024<br /> | recorded = 2023<br /> | genre = [[Film score]]<br /> | length = 12:38<br /> | language = <br /> | label = Think Music<br /> | producer = [[Vishal Chandrashekhar]]<br /> | prev_title = [[Soppana Sundari]]<br /> | prev_year = 2023<br /> | next_title = [[Birthmark (film)|Birthmark]]<br /> | next_year = 2024<br /> | misc = {{External media<br /> | audio1 = {{YouTube|JCsLTwsR-70|Film Score}}<br /> }}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> An album which consists of the film's musical score composed by [[Vishal Chandrashekhar]] was released on 15 March 2024 by Think Music, featuring 18 tracks.&lt;ref name=&quot;BGScore&quot; /&gt;<br /> {{Track listing<br /> | title1 = First Sight<br /> | length1 = 1:10<br /> | title2 = Settai<br /> | length2 = 1:01<br /> | title3 = Bike Ride<br /> | length3 = 1:03<br /> | title4 = Eesu &amp; Shakthi<br /> | length4 = 1:06<br /> | title5 = Settai's Mischief<br /> | length5 = 1:15<br /> | title6 = Hasty Decision<br /> | length6 = 1:09<br /> | title7 = A Distraught from Ponni<br /> | length7 = 1:04<br /> | title8 = Broken Point<br /> | length8 = 2:01<br /> | title9 = Heart Broken<br /> | length9 = 1:01<br /> | title10 = The Predator<br /> | length10 = 1:51<br /> | title11 = Evil Act<br /> | length11 = 2:08<br /> | title12 = Search Is Over<br /> | length12 = 1:01<br /> | title13 = Trauma<br /> | length13 = 1:07<br /> | title14 = Rage for Vengeance<br /> | length14 = 1:13<br /> | title15 = Realization<br /> | length15 = 1:04<br /> | title16 = Fly High<br /> | length16 = 1:02<br /> | title17 = Spark of Love<br /> | length17 = 1:10<br /> | title18 = Kangal Edho Reprise<br /> | length18 = 1:01<br /> | headline = ''Chithha'' (Original Background Score)&lt;ref name=&quot;BGScore&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chandrashekhar |first=Vishal |author-link=Vishal Chandrashekhar |date=2024-03-15 |title=''Chithha'' (Original Background Score) |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/5i30TbSl1ruTJxLDeHKDts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823085808/https://open.spotify.com/album/5i30TbSl1ruTJxLDeHKDts |archive-date=2024-08-23 |access-date=2024-08-23 |publisher=Think Music |via=Spotify}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | total_length = 22:37<br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Personnel ==<br /> Credits adapted from [[Think Music]]:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO8925199Z0 |title=Chithha (Tamil) - Jukebox {{!}} Siddharth {{!}} S.U.Arun Kumar {{!}} Dhibu Ninan Thomas {{!}} Etaki Entertainment |date=27 September 2023 |language=Tamil |publisher=[[Think Music]] |access-date=23 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017185956/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO8925199Z0 |archive-date=17 October 2023 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> {{div col}}<br /> * [[Dhibu Ninan Thomas]] – composer (tracks: 1, 2, 3), piano (track: 1), synths (track: 1)<br /> * [[Santhosh Narayanan]] – composer (track: 4), recording engineer (Future Tense Studios, Chennai) [track: 4]<br /> * Aravind Srinivas – additional vocals (track: 2)<br /> * [[Saisharan]] – additional vocals (track: 2)<br /> * Jithin Raj – additional vocals (track: 2)<br /> * [[Santhosh Hariharan]] – additional vocals (track: 2)<br /> * [[Kalyani Nair]] – backing vocals (track: 3), strings arrangement (tracks: 1, 2)<br /> * [[Kapil Kapilan]] – backing vocals (track: 3)<br /> * Naveen Napier – bass (track: 1)<br /> * Shruthiraj – percussion (track: 1)<br /> * Kamalakar – flute (track: 1)<br /> * Nikhil Ram – flute (track: 2)<br /> * Nadhan – clarinet (track: 1)<br /> * Santhosh Chandran – guitar (track: 3)<br /> * Anupam Roy – violin (track: 4)<br /> * Aditya Ravindran – harmony (track: 4)<br /> * Karthik Vamsi – live rhythm (track: 4)<br /> * Budapest Scoring Orchestra – strings (tracks: 1, 2)<br /> * Peter Illenyi – conductor (tracks: 1, 2)<br /> * Balasubramanian G – orchestra co-ordinator (tracks: 1, 2)<br /> * K. S. Mani Ratnam – recording engineer (The Mystics Room, Chennai) [tracks: 1, 2]<br /> * Avinash Satish – recording engineer (20db Sound Studios, Chennai) [tracks: 1, 2]<br /> * Dennis – recording engineer (Grace Records, Chennai) [tracks: 1, 2, 3]<br /> * Karthik Manickavasakam – recording engineer (Future Tense Studios, Chennai) [track: 4]<br /> * Pranav Muniraj – recording engineer (Future Tense Studios, Chennai) [track: 4]<br /> * Rupendar Venkatesh – recording engineer (Future Tense Studios, Chennai) [track: 4], mixing engineer (track: 4), mastering engineer (track: 4)<br /> * Balu Thankachan – mixing engineer (20db Sound Studios, Chennai) [tracks: 1, 2]<br /> * Kiran Lal – mixing engineer (Grace Records, Chennai) [track: 3]<br /> * [[Shadab Rayeen]] – mastering engineer (New Edge Studios, Mumbai) [tracks: 1, 2]<br /> * Jaba Raj – studio assistance (track: 4)<br /> * Meenakshi Santhosh – musicians co-ordinator (track: 4)<br /> {{div col end}}<br /> <br /> == Chart performance ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> !Chart<br /> !Song<br /> !Peak position<br /> !{{Abbr|Ref.|References}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Billboard India Songs|India]] (''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'')<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&quot;Unakku Thaan&quot;<br /> |18<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=22 December 2023 |title=India Songs |url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/india-songs-hotw/2023-12-22/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240824065230/https://www.billboard.com/charts/india-songs-hotw/2023-12-22/ |archive-date=24 August 2024 |access-date=24 August 2024 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[UK Asian Music Chart|Asian Music Chart]] ([[Official Charts Company|OCC]])<br /> |11<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 December 2023 |title=Official Asian Music Chart – 22 to 28 December |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/asian-music-chart/20231222/asian/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240824070132/https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/asian-music-chart/20231222/asian/ |archive-date=24 August 2024 |access-date=24 August 2024 |website=[[Official Charts Company]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Radio Mirchi]] (Tamil)<br /> |1<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-12-23 |title=Mirchis top 20 Tamil songs of the week is here! |url=https://mirchi.in/stories/music/mirchis-top-20-tamil-songs-of-the-week-is-here/106992406 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240824070111/https://mirchi.in/stories/music/mirchis-top-20-tamil-songs-of-the-week-is-here/106992406 |archive-date=2024-08-24 |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=Radio Mirchi |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |&quot;Kangal Edho&quot;<br /> |4<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Accolades ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Award<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Date of ceremony<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Category<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Recipient(s) and nominee(s)<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Result<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | {{Ref.}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |[[Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |22 June 2024<br /> |Best Music Director – Songs<br /> |[[Santhosh Narayanan]]{{Efn|only nominated for the song &quot;Unakku Thaan&quot;; also for ''[[Jigarthanda DoubleX]]''|name=UnakkuThaan song}}<br /> | {{nom}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;6&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 May 2024 |title=Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards 2023 |url=https://awards.vikatan.com/cinema-awards |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521163957/https://awards.vikatan.com/cinema-awards |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=23 August 2024 |website=Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Best Music Director – Score<br /> |[[Vishal Chandrashekhar]]<br /> | {{nom}}<br /> |-<br /> |Best Male Playback Singer<br /> |[[Santhosh Narayanan]] – (&quot;Unakku Thaan&quot;)<br /> | {{nom}}<br /> |-<br /> |Best Female Playback Singer<br /> |Karthika Vaidyanathan – (&quot;Kangal Edho&quot;)<br /> | {{nom}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Best Lyricist<br /> |[[Yugabharathi]] – (&quot;Kangal Edho&quot;){{Efn|also for &quot;Nenjame Nenjame&quot; from ''[[Maamannan]]''.}}<br /> | {{won}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[Vivek (lyricist)|Vivek]] – (&quot;Unakku Thaan&quot;)<br /> | {{nom}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Filmfare Awards South]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[69th Filmfare Awards South|3 August 2024]]<br /> |[[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Tamil|Best Music Director]]<br /> |[[Santhosh Narayanan]] and [[Dhibu Ninan Thomas]]<br /> | {{won}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-08-03 |title=Nominations for the 69th Filmfare Awards South 2024 – Tamil |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2024/tamil/nominations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240804115118/https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2024/tamil/nominations |archive-date=2024-08-04 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Filmfare}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-08-03 |title=Winners of the 69th Sobha Filmfare Awards South 2024 – Tamil |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2024/tamil/winners |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240804115115/https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2024/tamil/winners |archive-date=2024-08-04 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Filmfare}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2024-08-04 |title=69th Sobha Filmfare Awards South 2024: Check out the winners |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/69th-sobha-filmfare-awards-south-2024-check-out-the-winners/articleshow/112251936.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240804052432/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/69th-sobha-filmfare-awards-south-2024-check-out-the-winners/articleshow/112251936.cms |archive-date=2024-08-04 |access-date=2024-08-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-08-04 |title=Filmfare Awards South 2024: Mammootty, Vikram, Rakshit Shetty, Chithha, 2018 win big |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/filmfare-awards-south-2024-mammootty-vikram-rakshit-shetty-chithha-2018-win-big-9493799/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807162629/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/filmfare-awards-south-2024-mammootty-vikram-rakshit-shetty-chithha-2018-win-big-9493799/ |archive-date=2024-08-07 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |[[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil|Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]]<br /> |Karthika Vaidyanathan – (&quot;Kangal Edho&quot;)<br /> | {{won}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[12th South Indian International Movie Awards|14–15 September 2024]]<br /> |Best Music Director – Tamil<br /> |[[Santhosh Narayanan]] – (&quot;Unakku Thaan&quot;){{Efn|name=UnakkuThaan song}}<br /> | {{pending}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-07-18 |title=SIIMA Awards 2024: Rajinikanth's Jailer and Nani's Dasara bag 11 nominations each, Mrunal Thakur's Hi Nanna follows |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/siima-awards-2024-full-list-nominations-rajinikanth-jailer-nani-dasara-mrunal-thakur-hi-nanna-9460441/ |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nyayapati |first=Neeshita |date=2024-07-17 |title=SIIMA Awards 2024 full list of nominees: Dasara, Jailer, Kaatera, 2018 top the list |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/others/siima-awards-2024-full-list-of-nominees-dasara-jailer-kaatera-2018-top-the-list-101721228225405.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717183923/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/others/siima-awards-2024-full-list-of-nominees-dasara-jailer-kaatera-2018-top-the-list-101721228225405.html |archive-date=2024-07-17 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |Best Lyricist – Tamil<br /> |[[Vivek (lyricist)|Vivek]] – (&quot;Unakku Thaan&quot;)<br /> | {{pending}}<br /> |-<br /> |Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil<br /> |Karthika Vaidyanathan – (&quot;Kangal Edho&quot;)<br /> | {{pending}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Notes ==<br /> {{notelist}}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> {{Santhosh Narayanan}}<br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2023 soundtrack albums]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil film soundtracks]]<br /> [[Category:Telugu film soundtracks]]<br /> [[Category:Malayalam film soundtracks]]<br /> [[Category:Kannada film soundtracks]]<br /> [[Category:Santhosh Narayanan soundtracks]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Standard_Examination_in_Chemistry&diff=521157 2026-01-17T17:04:14Z

<p>KurtFaucett: new...</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|School examination in India}}<br /> The '''National Standard Examination in Chemistry''' or NSEC is an examination in chemistry for higher secondary school students in [[India]], usually conducted in the end of November.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NSEC/B/A/JS |url=https://www.iapt.org.in/exams/nse/nsec-b-a-js.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=www.iapt.org.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; The examination is organized by the Indian Association of Chemistry Teachers. Over 30,000 students, mainly from Standard 12, sit for this examination.<br /> <br /> ==Eligibility==<br /> <br /> Students studying in Class 12, Class 11 and Class 10 are allowed to take the examination. They must not be appearing in NSEJS for that particular year and they must be eligible to hold an Indian passport.<br /> <br /> ==Importance==<br /> <br /> The top 1% students from this examination are selected to sit for the [[Indian National Chemistry Olympiad]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NSEC 2021-22: National Standard Examination in Chemistry |url=https://www.vedantu.com/olympiad/nsec-exam,%20https://www.vedantu.com/olympiad/nsec-exam |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=VEDANTU}}&lt;/ref&gt; The theory part of the examination is held in the last week of January. The top 30 among all students are selected for the Orientation-Cum-Selection-Camp (OCSC), Chemistry.<br /> <br /> ==Format==<br /> <br /> The NSEC contains only [[multiple choice question]]s. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.<br /> <br /> ==Fee==<br /> <br /> As per the new revised norms the fee for the NSEC is about Rs. 1500. Application for this examination is typically handled through the school/college to which the student is affiliated.<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Indian National Chemistry Olympiad]]<br /> * [[India at the IPhO]]<br /> <br /> {{National Standard Examination}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:National Standard Examination In Chemistry}}<br /> [[Category:Chemistry education]]<br /> [[Category:Chemistry Olympiads in India]]<br /> [[Category:School examinations in India]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akshay_Batra&diff=485335 2026-01-17T13:21:47Z

<p>KurtFaucett: Made details</p> <hr /> <div><br /> {{Short description|Indian entrepreneur, trichologist and author}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | honorific_prefix = <br /> | name = Akshay Batra<br /> | image = <br /> | birth_date = <br /> | birth_place = India<br /> | education = Trichology (L.T.T.S.) from The Trichological Society, London [https://www.livehindustan.com/chandigarh/story-dr-batra-book-hair-is-a-panacea-for-people-suffering-from-hair-fall-9383484.html]<br /> | alma_mater = <br /> | occupation = Vice Chairman, [[Dr Batra's Healthcare]]<br /> | known_for = [[Dr Batra's Healthcare]]<br /> | spouse = <br /> }}<br /> Dr. '''Akshay Batra''' is an Indian entrepreneur, [[trichology|trichologist]], and author.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=30 seconds with Dubai hair expert Akshay Batra |url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/30-seconds-with-dubai-hair-expert-akshay-batra-1.1589003 |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=gulfnews.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is the vice chairman and Managing Director (MD)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-05-10 |title=Episode 17: Dr. Akshay Batra (Dr. Batra's), Mumbai, India |url=https://legacy.ypo.org/2016/05/tips-from-the-top-episode-17/ |access-date=2022-05-12 |website=YPO |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; at [[Dr Batra's Healthcare]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Akshay Batra, Dr Batras Positive Health Clinic Pvt Ltd: Profile and Biography |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/20352209 |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Bloomberg.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the author of ''Hair: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know'', published by Embassy Books&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ahmad |first=Irfan |date=2012-09-12 |title=In the lair of hair |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/in-the-lair-of-hair/article3889142.ece |access-date=2022-04-24 |issn=0971-751X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nagraj |first=Aarti |date=2012-11-18 |title=5 Mins With... Dr Akshay Batra, CEO of Dr. Batra's |url=https://gulfbusiness.com/5-mins-with-dr-akshay-batra-ceo-deputy-managing-director-of-dr-batras/ |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Gulf Business |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; in three languages.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hair&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://www.booktopia.com.au/hair-dr-akshay-batra/book/9789381860335.html |title=Hair}}&lt;/ref&gt; Batra is the president of Trichological Society, London&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AKSHAY BATRA |url=https://thehinduimages.com/details-page.php?id=135941090&amp;highlights=AKSHAY%20JOSHI |website=[[The Hindu]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; and is the first Indian to be elected for this position.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dr. Akshay Batra {{!}} Dr Batra's Healthcare |url=https://voiceofhealthcare.org/idealleader.php?id=1196 |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=voiceofhealthcare.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is also the trustee for Dr Batra's Foundation.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Critical reception ==<br /> Anurag Mishra at [[Jagran Prakashan|Jagran]] reviewed the book and wrote &quot;Thus book is one-stop way to make informed decision about your hair. None of the previous books on hair link hair with Ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, like this book does&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=बालों की सेहत की दास्तां बताती-सुनाती यह किताब - This book tells the story of hair health. |url=https://www.jagran.com/news/national-this-book-tells-the-story-of-hair-health-jprime-23562968.html |access-date=2023-11-12 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[The Pioneer (India)|Pioneer]] discussed that book was relevant for anyone who has interest in healthy hair but at the same time, it could have benefitted from simplifying medical terms for lay people.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=हेयर: एवरीथिंग यू एवर वांटेड टू नो |url=https://pioneerhindi.com/news/state/delhi/hayara-evarathaga-ya-evara-vatada-ta-na |access-date=2023-11-12 |website=pioneerhindi.com |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt; Concurrently Victor Dasgupta at [[Zee Media Corporation|India.com]] wrote &quot;It’s a well-researched blend of medical advice and practical tips, making it a worthwhile read.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='HAIR: The Ultimate Haircare Odyssey' Book Review - Your Journey to Fabulous Locks |url=https://www.india.com/news/hair-the-ultimate-haircare-odyssey-book-review-your-journey-to-fabulous-locks-6424880/ |access-date=2023-11-12 |website=www.india.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Himanshu Jha at [[Hindustan (newspaper)|Hindustan newspaper]] remarked that despite its shortcomings, the insights and intellectual depth is the strength of the book.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=झड़ते बालों से परेशान लोगों के लिए 'रामबाण' है डॉ. अक्षय बत्रा की किताब 'Hair' |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/chandigarh/story-dr-batra-book-hair-is-a-panacea-for-people-suffering-from-hair-fall-9383484.html |access-date=2024-03-17 |website=Hindustan |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Batra, Akshay}}<br /> [[Category:Indian writers]]<br /> [[Category:Indian medical doctors]]<br /> [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Trichologists]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isharwal,_Jalandhar&diff=504759 2026-01-16T19:06:05Z

<p>KurtFaucett: created new stub!</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Isharwal<br /> | other_name = <br /> | nickname = <br /> | settlement_type = village<br /> | image_skyline = <br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_caption = <br /> | pushpin_map = India Punjab#India<br /> | pushpin_label_position = <br /> | pushpin_map_alt = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|31|21|9.74|N|75|43|34.38|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]<br /> | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br /> | subdivision_name2 = [[Jalandhar district|Jalandhar]]<br /> | established_title = &lt;!-- Established --&gt;<br /> | established_date = <br /> | founder = <br /> | named_for = <br /> | parts_type = [[Taluka]]s<br /> | parts = <br /> | government_type = <br /> | governing_body = <br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | area_footnotes = <br /> | area_rank = <br /> | area_total_km2 = <br /> | elevation_footnotes = <br /> | elevation_m = <br /> | population_total = 1,227<br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_rank = <br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym = <br /> | population_footnotes = <br /> | demographics_type1 = Languages<br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | demographics1_info1 = [[Gurmukhi|Punjabi]]<br /> | demographics1_title2 = Regional<br /> | demographics1_info2 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]<br /> | postal_code = <br /> | registration_plate = <br /> | website = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Isharwal''' is a village located in the [[Jalandhar district]] of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[India]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web| title=Villages and Category - District Jalandhar | url=https://pbplanning.gov.in/districts/Jalandhar%20East.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324014007/http://www.pbplanning.gov.in/districts/Jalandhar%20East.pdf | archive-date=2012-03-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; The total population of the village is about 1,227.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/30270-isharwal-punjab.html|title=Census 2011, Isharwal village Data}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Chak Isharwal]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Jalandhar district}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Villages in Jalandhar district]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Jalandhar-geo-stub}}</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Narayan_Mauzo&diff=520508 2026-01-14T18:59:58Z

<p>KurtFaucett: done</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian language activist (1939/1940–2023)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Narayan Mauzo<br /> | image = Narayan-Mauzo.jpg<br /> | caption = Portrait of Mauzo in his later years<br /> | other_names = Bhau<br /> | birth_name = Narayan Ramnath Mauzo<br /> | birth_date = {{circa|1939}} or {{circa|1940}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]], [[Portuguese Empire]] (now in India)<br /> | death_place = [[Margao, Goa]], India<br /> | death_date = {{Death date and given age|2023|2|6|83|df=y}}<br /> | title = Owner of Mauzo Studio <br /> | father = [[Ramnath Mauzo]]<br /> | resting_place = Mathagramast Hindu Sabha Crematorium, Margao, Goa, India<br /> | occupation = {{hlist|[[Language activist]]|businessman}}<br /> | movement = [[Konkani language agitation]]<br /> | organisation = [[Konkani Bhasha Mandal]]<br /> | years_active = {{circa|1979}}–2023<br /> | relatives = [[Laxman Pai]]&lt;br&gt;(first cousin)<br /> | spouse = Meena<br /> | children = 1<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Narayan Ramnath Mauzo''' (1939 or 1940 – 6 February 2023), also known as '''Bhau''', was an Indian language activist and businessman who was involved in the establishment of the [[Konkani Bhasha Mandal]] (KBM) and served as its [[treasurer]]. He played a key role in the founding of the organization and was actively involved in supporting a Konkani medium school. Mauzo was an experienced participant in the Konkani movement.<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> Mauzo, a founding member of the Vidya Bhuvan Konkani School, played a significant role in its establishment. This primary school, affiliated with the Konkani Bhasha Mandal (KBM), was initiated under the leadership of [[Uday Bhembre]], the then-president. Despite the absence of [[government subsidies]], Mauzo and a few other early supporters wholeheartedly backed the school's inception. During the planning stages, discussions and debates arose among the board members and activists regarding the necessary steps to launch the school. Concurrently, the board learned that the Mathgramstha Hindu Sabha in [[Comba, Goa]], was considering the closure of a [[montessori school]] under its administration.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-02-07 |title=नारायण मावजो : कोंकणी चळवळीचों निसुवार्थी कार्यकर्तो आनी व्हड आदार - Goenkaar |url=https://goenkaar.com/konkani-goa-narayan-mauzo-passed-away/ |access-date=2023-12-28 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925235252/https://goenkaar.com/konkani-goa-narayan-mauzo-passed-away/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> Mauzo and [[Chandrakant Keni]] were actively involved in these deliberations.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=विद्या भुवन कोंकणी शाळा {{!}} कोंकणी भाशा मंडळ |url=https://konkanibhashamandal.com/%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a6%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%ad%e0%a5%82%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%a8-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8b%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%a3%e0%a5%80/ |access-date=2023-12-28 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213152125/https://konkanibhashamandal.com/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Subsequently, Mauzo and other dedicated individuals invested considerable efforts to bring the montessori school under the KBM's purview. Their endeavors proved successful, leading to the establishment of the Vidya Bhuvan Konkani School in 1979. However, financial challenges persisted, especially concerning transportation for the students. In response to this predicament, Mauzo and a group of committed Konkani activists took the initiative to arrange for a [[Tempo Traveller]], which they personally financed, to address the transportation needs of the students.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Mauzo was a prominent figure within the Konkani Bhasha Mandal, recognized for his pivotal role in overseeing the organization's activities, as well as its affiliated schools-Vidya Bhuvan Konkani School in [[Aquem]] and Ravindra Kelekar Dnyanmandir in [[Margao]]. He dedicated his efforts to support various organizations and individuals, discreetly assisting them without seeking recognition.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> On 1 October 2022, the Konkani Basha Mandal marked a significant milestone, celebrating its 60th [[Foundation Day]]. During this commemorative event, the Mandal bestowed honors upon distinguished personalities from [[Goa]] who had made notable contributions to the promotion and development of the [[Konkani language]] within the state and beyond. Mauzo served as part of the esteemed [[jury panel]], alongside Sandesh Prabhudesai and Zilu Gaonkar, responsible for selecting the recipient of the prestigious &quot;Konkani Bhasha Mandal Service Award.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=KONKANI BASHA MANDAL FELICITATES PROMINENT PERSONALITIES ON DIAMOND JUBILEE |url=https://www.prudentmedia.in/general/konkani-basha-mandal-felicitates-prominent-personalities-on-diamond-jubilee/23331.html |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=www.prudentmedia.in |language=en |archive-date=2023-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214152939/https://www.prudentmedia.in/general/konkani-basha-mandal-felicitates-prominent-personalities-on-diamond-jubilee/23331.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Mauzo studio (1990–2023)===<br /> Mauzo Studio, located in [[Margao, Goa]], gained recognition for its proprietor, Mauzo, who was known for his discreet and reserved approach to his work. Founded by Mauzo's father, [[Ramnath Mauzo|Ramnath]], in 1936, the studio has a long-standing history in the field of photography.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=2023-02-08 |title=Konkani activist Narayan Mauzo dies at 83 |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/konkani-activist-narayan-mauzo-dies-at-83/articleshow/97707198.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-12-27 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2023-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314080113/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/konkani-activist-narayan-mauzo-dies-at-83/articleshow/97707198.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1945, it relocated to its current location in Margao. Originally named Mauzo Fotografo, the studio underwent a name change to Mauzo Studio and became the second photography establishment in Margao after Lords Photo Studio.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pawaskar |first=Bharati |date=2010-12-04 |title=Mauzo Studio: A time capsule of the past |url=https://issuu.com/herald-goa/docs/4_dec |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=[[O Heraldo]] |language=en |archive-date=2023-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228233254/https://issuu.com/herald-goa/docs/4_dec |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Following the passing of his father in 1990, Mauzo assumed the role of proprietor, ensuring the continuity of the studio's legacy.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2017-07-06 |title=Here's a business that's near picture perfect |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/heres-a-business-thats-near-picture-perfect/articleshow/59463664.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-12-27 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2023-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212140558/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/heres-a-business-thats-near-picture-perfect/articleshow/59463664.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Personal life==<br /> Narayan Ramnath Mauzo was born in either {{circa|1939}} or {{circa|1940}} in [[Goa]], which was part of the [[Portuguese India]] and is now a part of the Republic of India. His father, [[Ramnath Mauzo]], gained acclaim as a [[photo artist]] and photographer. Mauzo's ancestral lineage in Goa runs deep, as he shares his name with his grandfather, Narayan &quot;Nani&quot; Mauzo, who was engaged in the [[tobacco trade]] during the period of Portuguese colonial rule and operated a modest shop in Margao's Old Market. Additionally, on his paternal side, Mauzo is also the first cousin of the artist [[Laxman Pai]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Mauzo entered into matrimony with Meena, and their union brought forth a son named Hiresh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 February 2023 |title=Konkani Activist and Proprietor of Mauzo Photo Studio Margao Narayan Mauzo Passed Away. |url=https://www.facebook.com/109154654153501/posts/konkani-activist-and-proprietor-of-mauzo-photo-studio-margao-narayan-mauzo-passe/722514122817548/ |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=Sal TV |language=en |archive-date=2023-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228000651/https://www.facebook.com/109154654153501/posts/konkani-activist-and-proprietor-of-mauzo-photo-studio-margao-narayan-mauzo-passe/722514122817548/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Awards==<br /> Mauzo held a distinct perspective on receiving awards during his life. Although he turned down the majority of accolades offered to him by different organizations, there was an exception. He made a decision to accept the &quot;Dnyanpithkar Ravindra Kelekar Konkani Language Award&quot; from the Directorate of Official Languages, [[Government of Goa]], following persuasion from the Konkani community.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dedicated servant of Goa and Konkani, 'Bhau' Narayan Mauzo no more |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/Dedicated-servant-of-Goa-and-Konkani-%E2%80%98Bhau%E2%80%99-Narayan-Mauzo-no-more/200714 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=oHeraldo |archive-date=2023-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212064605/https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/Dedicated-servant-of-Goa-and-Konkani-%E2%80%98Bhau%E2%80%99-Narayan-Mauzo-no-more/200714 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; However, even prior to the award funds being transferred to his bank account, he generously donated the entirety of the amount to several other Konkani organizations.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tributes paid to Konkani stalwart Mauzo |url=https://www.thegoan.net/goa-news/tributes-paid-to-konkani-stalwart-mauzo/94982.html |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=The Goan EveryDay |language=en |archive-date=2023-05-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508000457/https://www.thegoan.net/goa-news/tributes-paid-to-konkani-stalwart-mauzo/94982.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> On 27 April 2016, Mauzo was honored at the 2015 Bhasha Puraskar Awards, where he was nominated for and ultimately won the &quot;Gyanpeeth Padmabhushan Late Ravindra Kelekar Bhasha Puraskar.&quot; This award recognized his contributions to the [[Konkani language]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 2020 |title=Bhasha Puraskar Awardees pdf |url=http://www.dol.goa.gov.in/sites/default/files/2020-12/Bhasha-Puraskar-Awardees.pdf |access-date=15 February 2023 |website=www.dol.goa.gov.in |archive-date=20 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620212016/http://dol.goa.gov.in/sites/default/files/2020-12/Bhasha-Puraskar-Awardees.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; The award included a monetary honorarium of {{INRConvert|1|l|year=2016}}, a [[shawl]], a ''manpatra'' (a formal letter of appreciation), and a memento. The ceremony took place at the [[Kala Academy]] and was attended by notable figures such as [[Milind Naik]], the then-minister for Official Language, former deputy speaker [[Vishnu Wagh]], and Padma Jaiswal, the Secretary of Official Language.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=vjvjakshaynaik |date=2016-04-23 |title=GOVERNMENT TO PRESENT BHASHA PURASKAR 2015 ON APRIL 27 - Goan Reporter |url=https://www.goanreporter.com/government-to-present-bhasha-puraskar-2015-on-april-27/ |access-date=2023-02-14 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214192426/https://www.goanreporter.com/government-to-present-bhasha-puraskar-2015-on-april-27/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Death==<br /> On 6 February 2023, Mauzo died at the age of 83 after a brief illness. The news of his demise brought about a sense of shock and grief among individuals associated with the Konkani movement.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; The following day, Mauzo's funeral took place at the Mathagramasth Hindu Sabha Crematorium in [[Margao]], where he was cremated according to Hindu traditions.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Reactions===<br /> Anwesha Singbal, the president of Konkani Bhasha Mandal (KBM), expressed profound sorrow over the loss of Mauzo. Singbal acknowledged his unwavering dedication to the Konkani movement and described him as an inspiration to young people. She emphasized that KBM would continue its important work, drawing strength from the legacy Mauzo left behind.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Aftermath===<br /> On 19 February 2023, recognizing the significant contributions of Mauzo and another figure, Nagesh Karmali, the Konkani Bhasha Mandal organized a condolence meeting.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=नागेश करमली-नारायण मावजो आर्गां सभा |url=https://goanews.com/events/nagesh-karmali-narayan-mauzo/ |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=goanews.com |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212180704/https://goanews.com/events/nagesh-karmali-narayan-mauzo/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Mauzo, Narayan}}<br /> [[Category:1940s births]]<br /> [[Category:2023 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Indian activists]]<br /> [[Category:Language activists]]<br /> [[Category:People from Margao]]<br /> [[Category:Activists from Goa]]<br /> [[Category:Businesspeople from Goa]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian businesspeople]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sircilla_Municipal_Council&diff=536155 2026-01-13T00:40:22Z

<p>KurtFaucett: made article.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Local civic body in Sircilla, Telangana, India}}<br /> <br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}{{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox legislature<br /> |name=Sircilla Municipal Council<br /> |native_name=సిరిసిల్ల మున్సిపల్ కౌన్సిల్<br /> |native_name_lang=te<br /> |coa_pic=<br /> |coa_res=<br /> |coa_alt=<br /> |coa_caption=<br /> |house_type=[[Municipal council (India)|Municipal council]]<br /> |foundation={{start date and age|1987}}&lt;ref name=&quot;about&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://sircillamunicipality.telangana.gov.in/ |title=About Sircilla |publisher=sircillamunicipality.telangana.gov.in |access-date=2024-02-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |leader1=Mohammed Hayaz&lt;ref name=&quot;commissioner&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Municipality {{!}} Sircilla Municipality |url=https://rajannasircilla.telangana.gov.in/municipality/ |access-date=2024-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031203312/https://rajannasircilla.telangana.gov.in/municipality/ |archive-date=2023-10-31 |website=rajannasircilla.telangana.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |leader2=Jindam Kala Chaprakani&lt;ref name=&quot;mayor&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Council Page {{!}} Sircilla Municipality |url=https://sircillamunicipality.telangana.gov.in//pages/council-page |access-date=2024-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210050216/https://sircillamunicipality.telangana.gov.in//pages/council-page |archive-date=2023-12-10 |website=rajannasircilla.telangana.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |leader3=Manche Srinivas&lt;ref name=&quot;mayor&quot; /&gt;|leader1_type=[[Municipal commissioner (India)|Commissioner]]<br /> |party1=<br /> |election1=27 January 2020<br /> |leader2_type=[[Municipal council (India)#Composition|Chairperson]] <br /> |party2=[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]]<br /> |election2=27 January 2020<br /> |party3=[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]]|election3=27 January 2020<br /> |leader3_type=Vice chairperson|structure1=File:Sircilla-MC-2024.svg|political_groups1='''Government (33)'''<br /> *{{colorbox|#F82E95}} [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] (33)<br /> '''Official opposition''' (3)<br /> *{{colorbox|#FF9933}} [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (3)<br /> '''[[Parliamentary opposition|Other opposition]]''' (3)<br /> *{{colorbox|#00BBFF}} [[Indian National Congress|INC]] (2)<br /> *{{colorbox|#FFFFFF}} [[Independent politician|IND]] (1)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-01-30 |title=KTR Facing Heat From BRS Leaders In Sircilla |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/ktr-facing-heat-from-brs-leaders-in-sircilla-880470 |access-date=2024-02-27 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |structure1_res=300px<br /> |last_election1=2020<br /> |next_election1=2025<br /> |website={{url|https://sircillamunicipality.telangana.gov.in/}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''Sircilla Municipality''', classified as a first grade municipality with 39 election wards, was created on 25 August 1987.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Sircilla Municipality {{!}} ULB Profile |url=https://pp.emunicipal.in/tcpdf/examples/statemap_ulb_profile.php?id=056&amp;month=ALL |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=Commissioner and Director of Municipal Administration {{!}} Telangana |format=PDF}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- The source seems to be temporarily down, I will archive it when it is back again. --&gt; It is the urban local body of the town of [[Sircilla]]. The jurisdiction of the civic body is spread over an area of 55.47km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (21.41 mi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;).&lt;ref name=&quot;about&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-02-27 |title=About Sircilla |url=https://sircillamunicipality.telangana.gov.in/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531051656/https://sircillamunicipality.telangana.gov.in/ |archive-date=2023-05-31 |website=sircillamunicipality.telangana.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Demographics ==<br /> The Sircilla Municipality had a population of 92,001 as of the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]], and is estimated to have a population of 110,000 as of 2023. As of the 2011 census, there were 6,346 (6.9%) [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|scheduled castes]] and 1,104 (1.2%) [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|scheduled tribes]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> The municipality has 74,790 voters, of which 38,076 are female and 36,712 are male.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-01-03 |title=39 wards Sircilla Municipality |url=https://www.tgnns.com/telangana-municipal-elections-2020/39-wards-sircilla-municipality/2020/01/03/ |access-date=2024-02-27 |website=Telangana NavaNirman Sena}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Members ==<br /> Sources:&lt;ref name=&quot;mayor&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Know Your Public Representative - Urban |url=https://tsec.gov.in/knowPRUrban.se |access-date=2024-02-27 |website=Telangana State Election Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !No.<br /> !Constituency<br /> !Name<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party<br /> !Remarks<br /> |-<br /> |1<br /> |Ward No. 1<br /> (UR-W)<br /> |Pochaveni Satya<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2<br /> |Ward No. 2<br /> |Rapelli Dhigambar<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |3<br /> |Ward No. 3<br /> |Jindam Kala Chaprakani<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |Municipal chairperson<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 4<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 4<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Veldandi Devadas<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=12 BRS councillors skip meet addressed by KTR |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2024/Jan/29/12-brs-councillors-skip-meet-addressed-by-ktr |access-date=2024-02-27 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |quote=For the record, the Sircilla municipality has 39 councilors, of which 22 belong to the BRS, three to BJP and two to Congress while 12 are Independents. The Independents went on to join the BRS after the elections.}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> |5<br /> |Ward No. 5<br /> |Darnam Aruna<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 6<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 6<br /> (BC-G)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gundlapelli Ramanujam<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> |7<br /> |Ward No. 7<br /> (ST-G)<br /> |Bukya Reddy Nayak<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |8<br /> |Ward No. 8<br /> (UR-W)<br /> |Yerrevelli Vasundara<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |9<br /> |Ward No. 9<br /> (SC-G)<br /> |Lingampally Satyanarayana<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |10<br /> |Ward No. 10<br /> |Bollam Nagaraju<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |11<br /> |Ward No. 11<br /> (UR-W)<br /> |Oggu Uma<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |12<br /> |Ward No. 12<br /> |Pothuri Rajireddy<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 13<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 13<br /> (UR-W)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Jagiru Shailu<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 14<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 14<br /> (UR-W)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Addagatla Madahvi<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> |15<br /> |Ward No. 15<br /> (SC-W)<br /> |Akunoori Vijayanirmala<br /> | {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 16<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 16<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Gudla Srinivas<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> |17<br /> |Ward No. 17<br /> (UR-W)<br /> |Gundlapelli Neeraja<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |18<br /> |Ward No. 18<br /> (BC-W)<br /> |Gaddam Chandana<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |19<br /> |Ward No. 19<br /> |Annaram Srinivas<br /> (BC-G)<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |20<br /> |Ward No. 20<br /> (UR-W)<br /> |Adepu Sowjanya<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |21<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ward No. 21<br /> (BC-G)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Vemula Ravi<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 22<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 22<br /> (UR-W)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kalluri Latha<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> |23<br /> |Ward No. 23<br /> (BC-W)<br /> |Rapelli Aruna<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |24<br /> |Ward No. 24<br /> (BC-W)<br /> |Komire Mallavva Burra Laxmi<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 25<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 25<br /> (BC-G)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Kudikaala Ravikumar<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 26<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 26<br /> (SC-G)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Votarikari Laxmirajam<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> |27<br /> |Ward No. 27<br /> (UR-W)<br /> |Choppadandi Lalitha<br /> | {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |28<br /> |Ward No. 28<br /> |Pathipaka Padma<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 29<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 29<br /> (BC-G)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Srinivas Gentyala<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> |30<br /> |Ward No. 30<br /> (BC-G)<br /> |Manche Srinivas<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |Municipal vice chairperson<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 31<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ward No. 31<br /> (BC-G)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Thumma Radha<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> |32<br /> |Ward No. 32<br /> (BC-W)<br /> |Seema Begum<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |33<br /> |Ward No. 33<br /> (BC-W)<br /> |Gaddam Latha<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |34<br /> |Ward No. 34<br /> (BC-W)<br /> |Darla Keerthana<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |35<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ward No. 35<br /> (BC-G)<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Dusa Vinay<br /> | {{party color cell|Independent politician}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independent]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Joined [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] after the 2020 elections&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |-<br /> |-<br /> |36<br /> |Ward No. 36<br /> (BC-G)<br /> |Kalluri Raju<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |37<br /> |Ward No. 37<br /> (BC-W)<br /> |Diddi Madhavi<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |38<br /> |Ward No. 38<br /> |Guduri Bhaskar<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |39<br /> |Ward No. 39<br /> |Akula Krishna<br /> | {{party color cell|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}<br /> |[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Local government in Telangana]]<br /> [[Category:Rajanna Sircilla district]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kakinada_Rural_mandal&diff=507505 2026-01-10T22:27:06Z

<p>KurtFaucett: created new stub</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Kakinada Rural mandal<br /> | native_name = <br /> | native_name_lang = te<br /> | other_name = <br /> | nickname = <br /> | settlement_type = Mandal<br /> | image_skyline = <br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_caption = <br /> | pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh<br /> | pushpin_label_position = right<br /> | pushpin_map_alt = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|16|57|04|N|82|15|10|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = [[India]]<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br /> | subdivision_name2 = Kakinada<br /> | seat_type = Headquarters<br /> | seat = [[Kakinada]]<br /> | parts_type = [[Administrative divisions of India]]<br /> | parts_style = para<br /> | parts = <br /> | government_type = <br /> | governing_body = <br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | area_footnotes = <br /> | area_rank = <br /> | area_total_km2 = 74.23<br /> | elevation_footnotes = <br /> | elevation_m = <br /> | population_total = 174129<br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_rank = <br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym = <br /> | population_footnotes = &lt;ref name=population&gt;{{cite web|title=Census 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=626423|publisher=The Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India|access-date=12 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | demographics_type1 = [[Languages of India|Languages]]<br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = &lt;!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --&gt;<br /> | postal_code = <br /> | registration_plate = <br /> | website = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> | official_name = <br /> | mapframe = yes<br /> | mapframe-point = none<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Kakinada Rural mandal''' is one of the 21 [[mandal]]s in the [[Kakinada district]] of the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]. It has its headquarters at [[Kakinada]]. The mandal is bounded by [[Samalkota]] mandal, [[Pedapudi]] mandal, [[Karapa]] mandal, [[Kothapalle, East Godavari district|Kothapalle]] mandal and waters of [[Bay of Bengal]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Mandals in East Godavari district|url=http://www.aponline.gov.in/quick%20links/apfactfile/info%20on%20districts/eastgodavari.html|publisher=aponline.gov.in|access-date=7 September 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150618005358/http://www.aponline.gov.in/quick%20links/apfactfile/info%20on%20districts/eastgodavari.html|archive-date=18 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> [[File:Kakinada revenue division in East Godavari district.png|thumb|260px|Kakinada revenue division in East Godavari district]]<br /> <br /> == Demographics ==<br /> <br /> {{As of|2011}} [[Census of India|census]], the mandal had a population of 174,129. The total population constitute, 87,018 males and 87,111 females —a sex ratio of 1001 females per 1000 males. 17,978 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 9,086 are boys and 8,892 are girls —a ratio of 979 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 78.39% with 122,399 literates.&lt;ref name=population /&gt; Sarpavaram is the most populated village and Penumarthi is the least populated village in the mandal.&lt;ref name=sub /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Villages ==<br /> <br /> Kakinada (rural) mandal consists of 10 villages. The following are the list of villages in the mandal:&lt;ref name=sub&gt;{{cite web|title=Sub-District Details of East Godavari District|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/Sub_Districts_Master.aspx?state_code=28&amp;district_code=14|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=7 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719052907/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/Sub_Districts_Master.aspx?state_code=28&amp;district_code=14|archive-date=19 July 2014|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|style=width:450px;|<br /> <br /> #Ganganapalle<br /> #Kovvada<br /> #Kovvuru<br /> #[[Nemam]]<br /> #Panduru<br /> #Penumarthi<br /> #[[Repuru]]<br /> #[[Sarpavaram]]<br /> #Thammavaram<br /> #Thimmapuram<br /> #[[Surya Rao Peta]]<br /> <br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Government and politics ==<br /> <br /> Kakinada (rural) mandal is under [[Kakinada Rural (Assembly constituency)]] which in turn is a part of [[Kakinada (Lok Sabha constituency)]], one of the 25 [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha#.2825.29|Lok Sabha constituencies]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-06-04|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha#(25)|reason= }} representing [[Andhra Pradesh]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=DELIMITATION OF PARLIAMENTARY AND ASSEMBLY CONSTITUENCIES ORDER, 2008 |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf<br /> |publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=19 May 2019|page=22}}&lt;/ref&gt; The present [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] is Kurasala Kanna Babu, who won the [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] representing [[YSR Congress Party]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=MLA|url=http://www.ap.gov.in/government/mla/|publisher=AP State Portal|access-date=19 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008071101/http://www.ap.gov.in/government/mla/|archive-date=8 October 2014|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Kakinada (rural) Election Results 2014|url=http://www.elections.in/andhra-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/kakinada-rural.html|publisher=Elections.in|access-date=19 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Geographic location<br /> |Centre = Kakinada (rural) mandal<br /> |North = [[Pithapuram]] mandal &lt;br/&gt; [[Kothapalle, East Godavari district|Kothapalle]] mandal<br /> |Northeast = [[Kothapalle, East Godavari district|Kothapalle]] mandal<br /> |East = [[Bay of Bengal]]<br /> |Southeast = [[Thallarevu]] mandal &lt;br/&gt; [[Bay of Bengal]]<br /> |South = [[Karapa]] mandal<br /> |Southwest = [[Karapa]] mandal &lt;br/&gt; [[Pedapudi]] mandal<br /> |West = [[Samalkota]] mandal &lt;br/&gt; [[Pedapudi]] mandal<br /> |Northwest = [[Samalkota]] mandal<br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{Kakinada district}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Mandals in Kakinada district]]<br /> [[Category:Mandals in Andhra Pradesh]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shweta_Sehrawat&diff=535529 2026-01-05T22:15:41Z

<p>KurtFaucett: made data</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian cricketer (born 2004)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox cricketer<br /> | name = Shweta Sehrawat<br /> | female = true<br /> | full_name = Shweta Sehrawat<br /> | image = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|2004|02|26|df=y}}<br /> | birth_place =<br /> | batting = Right-handed<br /> | bowling = Right-arm [[Off spin|off break]]<br /> | role = Batting [[all-rounder]]<br /> <br /> | club1 = [[Delhi women's cricket team|Delhi]]<br /> | year1 = 2017–present<br /> | club2 = [[UP Warriorz]]<br /> | year2 = 2023–present<br /> <br /> | date = 15 January 2023<br /> | source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/1255442.html ESPNcricinfo<br /> | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Women's [[Cricket]]}}<br /> {{MedalCountry |{{IND}} }}<br /> {{MedalCompetition|[[Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup|ICC Under-19 Women’s T20 World Cup]]}}<br /> {{Medal|W|[[2023 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup|2022 South Africa]]|}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Shweta Sehrawat''' (born 26 February 2004) is an Indian women's [[cricket]]er who currently plays for the [[Delhi women's cricket team]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Shweta Sehrawat profile and biography, stats, records, averages, photos and videos |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/shweta-sehrawat-1255442 |access-date=2023-01-14 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}&lt;/ref&gt; She was the vice-captain of the [[India women's national under-19 cricket team]] for the [[2023 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup|2023 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=India U19 Women’s squad for ICC World Cup and SA series announced |url=https://www.bcci.tv/articles/2022/news/55555953/india-u19-women-s-squad-for-icc-world-cup-and-sa-series-announced |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=www.bcci.tv |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Career ==<br /> Sehrawat first played for Delhi women's under-19 team in October 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;Match scorecard&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Match scorecard |url=https://cricketarchive.com/cgi-bin/player_oracle_reveals_results1.cgi |access-date=2023-01-14 |work=CricketArchive}}&lt;/ref&gt; She made her domestic cricket debut for Delhi women in March 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;Match scorecard&quot;/&gt; On 17 March, she achieved her maiden List-A hundred, with a score of 118 against [[Meghalaya women's cricket team|Meghalaya women]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ballal |first=Juili |date=2021-03-18 |title=Day 7: Karnataka’s Veda Krishnamurthy and Delhi’s Shweta Sehrawat scores CENTURY in Senior One Day |url=https://femalecricket.com/womens-senior-one-day-trophy-2020-21/16571-day-7-karnatakas-veda-krishnamurthy-and-delhis-shweta-sehrawat-scores-century-in-senior-one-day.html |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=Female Cricket |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In May 2021, she informed [[National Cricket Academy]] (NCA) chief [[VVS Laxman]] that she would not be able to attend the camp due to her 12th board examinations. She drafted an email and sent it to the authorities, requesting them to allow her to attend the second half of the camp. Laxman approved her request to attend the camp after her examinations. She scored a century in the second match of the camp, which led to her being selected for the C team in NCA Under-19 zonal competition. She scored two hundreds in six matches in the competition.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Raj |first=Pratyush |date=2023-01-14 |title=Shweta Sehrawat: VVS Laxman coaxed her to attend U-19 trials; slams breathtaking 92* against South Africa in U-19 world cup |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/shweta-sehrawat-vvs-laxman-coaxed-her-to-attend-u-19-trials-world-cup-8382227/ |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-06-20 |title=Shweta Sehrawat smashes a brilliant 100 in the NCA U19 Women’s One Day Tournament’22 |url=https://zoomcricket.in/match-reports/shweta-sehrawat-smashes-a-brilliant-100-in-the-nca-u19-womens-one-day-tournament22/ |access-date=2023-01-14 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Sehrawat made her [[Women's Twenty20]] debut in April 2022. She scored her maiden Women's T20 fifty, with a 43-ball 60 against [[Manipur women's cricket team|Manipur]] in October 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Match scorecard |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/1229/1229677.html |access-date=2023-01-14 |work=CricketArchive}}&lt;/ref&gt; In November 2022, she led India B team to the title in the Women's Under-19 Challenger Trophy.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Match scorecard |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/1192/1192777.html |access-date=2023-01-14 |work=CricketArchive}}&lt;/ref&gt; She was also the top-scorer of the tournament, with 163 runs at an average of 40.75.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kishore&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kishore |first=Shashank |title=Sehrawat named India U-19 Women's captain for New Zealand T20s |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/shweta-sehrawat-named-india-u-19-women-s-captain-for-t20-series-against-new-zealand-1345621 |access-date=2023-01-14 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the same month, She also captained India A team to the title in Women's Under-19 quadrangular series which also featured India B, [[Sri Lanka women's national under-19 cricket team|Sri Lanka Under-19]] and [[West Indies women's under-19 cricket team|West Indies Under-19]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=THE BOARD OF CONTROL FOR CRICKET IN INDIA |url=https://www.bcci.tv/domestic/quadrangular-womens-u19-t20-series-2022-23/match/7 |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=www.bcci.tv |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; She was the leading run-scorer with 164 runs, and her strike-rate of 151.85 was the highest in the quadrangular series. She was then selected to captain the [[India women's national under-19 cricket team|India women's under-19 team]] in a five-match T20 series against [[New Zealand women's national under-19 cricket team|New Zealand women's under-19 team]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Kishore&quot;/&gt; She led the team to a 5–0 series win.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Shetty |first=Neha |date=2023-01-14 |title=Who is Shweta Sehrawat - India U19 Women's Cricket Team |url=https://femalecricket.com/u19-worldcup-2023/player-list/29112-who-is-shweta-sehrawat-india-u19-womens-cricket-team.html |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=Female Cricket |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In December 2022, Sehrawat was selected as the vice-captain of the Indian squad for the [[2023 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup|2023 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup]]. In India's inaugural match of the tournament, she scored 57-ball 92* against [[South Africa women's national under-19 cricket team|South Africa]], which included 20 fours. This led India to a win by 21 balls remaining, with Sehrawat named as Player of the Match.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author=Scroll Staff |title=ICC Under19 Women’s T20 World Cup: Sehrawat stars for India with 92*, Bangladesh stun Australia |url=https://scroll.in/field/1041876/icc-under19-womens-t20-world-cup-sehrawat-stars-for-india-with-92-bangladesh-stun-australia |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; She became the first Indian to score a fifty in the [[Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup|ICC Women's Under-19 World Cup]]. During the innings, the captain [[Shafali Verma]] provided her regular advice, batting from the other end. At the conclusion of the match, Sehrawat described this innings as her &quot;best ever T20 knock&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-01-14 |title=Women's U19 World Cup: Shafali, Shweta slay South Africa - Highlights |url=https://thebridge.in/women-cricket/u19-world-cup-live-india-south-africa-updates-results-scores-blog-38746 |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=thebridge.in |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Sehrawat was coached by Dipti Dhyani, a former Indian women's cricketer, at [[Karnail Singh Stadium]] in [[Delhi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Raj |first=Pratyush |date=2023-01-14 |title=Shweta Sehrawat: VVS Laxman coaxed her to attend U-19 trials; slams breathtaking 92* against South Africa in U-19 world cup |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/shweta-sehrawat-vvs-laxman-coaxed-her-to-attend-u-19-trials-world-cup-8382227/ |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dipti Dhyani profile and biography, stats, records, averages, photos and videos |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/dipti-dhyani-263974 |access-date=2023-01-14 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dhyani described Sehrawat as a bottom-handed player who is good at using her feet and playing [[Spin bowling|spin]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-01-14 |title=Shweta Sehrawat: VVS Laxman coaxed her to attend U-19 trials; slams breathtaking 92* against South Africa in U-19 world cup |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/shweta-sehrawat-vvs-laxman-coaxed-her-to-attend-u-19-trials-world-cup-8382227/ |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mignon du Preez]] said that her playing style is similar to [[Harmanpreet Kaur]]'s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{cricinfo|id=1255442}}<br /> * {{cricketarchive|id=2301156}}<br /> <br /> {{UP Warriorz squad}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Sehrawat, Shweta}}<br /> [[Category:2004 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Indian women cricketers]]<br /> [[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]]<br /> [[Category:Delhi women cricketers]]<br /> [[Category:UP Warriorz cricketers]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian sportswomen]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samiya_Farooqui&diff=532333 2026-01-05T22:15:01Z

<p>KurtFaucett: made a entry.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian badminton player}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox badminton player<br /> | name = Samiya Farooqui<br /> | full_name = Samiya Imad Farooqui<br /> | country = India<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|2003|6|2}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Hyderabad]], India&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Meet Samiya Farooqui, Asian U-15 champion and the latest prodigy from Gopichand Academy |website=Scroll.in |date=9 October 2017 | url=https://scroll.in/field/853427/meet-samiya-farooqui-asian-u-15-champion-and-the-latest-prodigy-from-gopichand-academy | access-date=12 December 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | handedness = Right<br /> | event = Women's singles<br /> | highest_ranking = 55<br /> | date_of_highest_ranking = 21 August 2024<br /> | current_ranking = 144<br /> | date_of_current_ranking = 21 October 2025<br /> | bwfbadminton_id = 99714<br /> | bwf_id = 4790E28D-1DFD-4F27-BD12-E9F61D7FD173<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Samiya Imad Farooqui''' (born 6 February 2003) is an Indian [[badminton]] player.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Players: Samiya Imad Farooqui |url=https://bwfbadminton.com/player/99714/samiya-imad-farooqui |publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Achievements ==<br /> <br /> === BWF World Tour (1 runner-up)===<br /> The BWF World Tour, which was announced on 19 March 2017 and implemented in 2018,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Alleyne |first=Gayle |title=BWF Launches New Events Structure |url=http://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2017/03/19/bwf-launches-new-event-structure/ |publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]] |date=19 March 2017 |access-date=29 November 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201164159/http://bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2017/03/19/bwf-launches-new-event-structure/ |archive-date=1 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; is a series of elite badminton tournaments sanctioned by the [[Badminton World Federation]] (BWF). The BWF World Tour is divided into levels of World Tour Finals, Super&amp;nbsp;1000, Super&amp;nbsp;750, Super&amp;nbsp;500, Super&amp;nbsp;300 (part of the HSBC World Tour), and the BWF Tour Super&amp;nbsp;100.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Sukumar |first=Dev |title=Action-Packed Season Ahead! |url=http://bwfworldtour.com/news-single/2018/01/10/action-packed-season-ahead/ |publisher=Badminton World Federation |date=10 January 2018 |access-date=15 January 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113162925/http://bwfworldtour.com/news-single/2018/01/10/action-packed-season-ahead/ |archive-date=13 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ''Women's singles''<br /> {| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Tournament<br /> ! Level<br /> ! Opponent<br /> ! Score<br /> ! Result<br /> |-<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot; | [[2023 Abu Dhabi Masters#Finals 2|2023]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | [[Abu Dhabi Masters]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | Super 100<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | {{flagicon|IND}} [[Unnati Hooda]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | 16–21, 20–22<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left; background:white&quot; | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''<br /> <br /> |}<br /> <br /> === BWF International (2 titles, 3 runners-up) ===<br /> ''Women's singles''<br /> {| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Tournament<br /> ! Opponent<br /> ! Score<br /> ! Result<br /> |- style=&quot;background:#E9E9E9&quot;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot; | 2021<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | [[Bulgarian International]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | {{flagicon|TUR}} [[Özge Bayrak]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | 16–21, 22–20, 21–11<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left; background:white&quot; | {{gold1}} '''Winner'''<br /> |- style=&quot;background:#D5D5D5&quot;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot; | 2021<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | [[Polish International]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | {{flagicon|SGP}} [[Jaslyn Hooi]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | 11–21, 9–21<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left; background:white&quot; | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''<br /> |- style=&quot;background:#D8CEF6&quot;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot; | 2022 (II)<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | [[India International Challenge]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | {{flagicon|IND}} [[Tasnim Mir]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | 21–14, 17–21, 11–21<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left; background:white&quot; | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''<br /> |- style=&quot;background:#D8CEF6&quot;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot; | 2023<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | [[Guatemala International]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | {{flagicon|USA}} [[Ishika Jaiswal]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | 21–15, 21–15<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left; background:white&quot; | {{gold1}} '''Winner'''<br /> |- style=&quot;background:#D8CEF6&quot;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot; | 2023<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | [[Dutch Open (badminton)|Dutch Open]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | {{flagicon|DEN}} [[Julie Dawall Jakobsen]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | 11–21, 7–21<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left; background:white&quot; | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''<br /> |}<br /> : {{Color box|#D8CEF6|border=darkgray}} [[BWF International Challenge]] tournament<br /> : {{Color box|#D5D5D5|border=darkgray}} [[BWF International Series]] tournament<br /> : {{Color box|#E9E9E9|border=darkgray}} [[BWF Future Series]] tournament<br /> <br /> === BWF Junior International (1 title) ===<br /> ''Girls' singles''<br /> {| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Tournament<br /> ! Opponent<br /> ! Score<br /> ! Result<br /> |- style=&quot;background:#C6D4E1&quot;<br /> | align=&quot;center&quot; | 2019<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | Bulgarian Junior International<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Anastasiia Shapovalova]]<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; | 9–21, 21–12, 22–20<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left; background:white&quot; | {{gold1}} '''Winner'''<br /> |}<br /> : {{Color box|#AE9C45|border=darkgray}} BWF Junior International Grand Prix tournament<br /> : {{Color box|#C6D4E1|border=darkgray}} BWF Junior International Challenge tournament<br /> : {{Color box|#BDB8AD|border=darkgray}} BWF Junior International Series tournament<br /> : {{Color box|#EBE7E0|border=darkgray}} BWF Junior Future Series tournament<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * {{sports links}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Farooqui, Samiya Imad}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:2003 births]]<br /> [[Category:Indian female badminton players]]<br /> [[Category:Sportspeople from Hyderabad, India]]<br /> [[Category:Sportswomen from Telangana]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian sportswomen]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=KMC_Hospital,_Mangaluru&diff=507137 2026-01-02T01:31:59Z

<p>KurtFaucett: created a entry</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox hospital<br /> | other_links = &lt;!-- optional --&gt;<br /> | name = KMC Hospital, Mangalore<br /> | org_group = <br /> | image = KMC Hospital near Jyothi circle in Mangalore - 1.jpg<br /> | caption = KMC Hospital near Jyothi circle in Mangaluru<br /> | logo = &lt;!-- optional --&gt;<br /> | logo_size = &lt;!-- optional --&gt;<br /> | location = <br /> | region = [[Mangaluru]]<br /> | state = [[Karnataka]]<br /> | country = [[India]]<br /> | coordinates = {{coord| 12.87285|N|74.84917|E|region:IN|format=dms|display=inline,title}}<br /> | healthcare = <br /> | funding = Private Sector<br /> | Medical Superintendent = <br /> | type = General, Private hospital<br /> | speciality = &lt;!-- if devoted to a speciality (ie not a broad spectrum of specialities) and Type=Specialist/Teaching --&gt;<br /> | standards = &lt;!-- optional if no national standards --&gt;<br /> | emergency = <br /> | affiliation = <br /> | patron = <br /> | network = <br /> | beds = 600 (KMC, Attavar), 250 (KMC, Jyothi)<br /> | founded = <br /> | website = {{URL|https://www.manipalhospitals.com/mangalore}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''KMC Hospitals''', also known as '''Kasturba Medical College Hospitals (Mangaluru)''' are two hospitals situated in [[Mangalore]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/Book-appointments-online-at-KMC-Hospitals/articleshow/45786747.cms|title=Book appointments online at KMC Hospitals|date=7 January 2015|accessdate=17 December 2019|newspaper=The Times of India|author=Stanley Pinto}}&lt;/ref&gt; The hospitals are teaching hospitals of the [[Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore]], a constituent unit of [[Manipal Academy of Higher Education]]. The hospital at Ambedkar circle is a part of the [[Manipal Hospitals India|Manipal Hospitals]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/awareness-programme-on-healthy-ageing-strong-bones/articleshow/70510118.cms|title=Mangaluru: KMC Hospitals to organise health awareness programme|date=3 August 2019|accessdate=17 December 2019|newspaper=The Times of India|author=Jaideep Shenoy}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Centers of excellence==<br /> The hospital has various Centers of Excellence (CoE) such as<br /> * Gastroenterology<br /> * Cancer care<br /> * Cardiology<br /> * Nephrology<br /> * Neurology<br /> * Neurosurgery<br /> * Obstetrics and Gynecology<br /> * Spine care<br /> * Joint replacement and Sports injury<br /> * Urology&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://mangalore.manipalhospitals.com/|title=Multispeciality hospital in Mangaluru|accessdate=26 January 2020|publisher=KMC Hospital}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Hospitals in Mangalore]]<br /> [[Category:Hospitals with year of establishment missing]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yulu_(transportation_company)&diff=546357 2025-12-30T11:58:31Z

<p>KurtFaucett: made data.</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian micromobility company}}<br /> {{COI|date=January 2025}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox company<br /> | name = Yulu Bikes Pvt. Ltd.<br /> | logo = Yulu (transportation company).svg<br /> | logo_caption = <br /> | logo_alt = <br /> | type = <br /> | industry = [[Mobility as a service]]<br /> | fate = <br /> | predecessor = &lt;!-- or: | predecessors = --&gt;<br /> | successor = &lt;!-- or: | successors = --&gt;<br /> | founded = {{start date and age|2017|08|df=yes}}<br /> | founders = Amit Gupta, RK Misra, Naveen Dachuri, Anuj Tewari<br /> | defunct = &lt;!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --&gt;<br /> | hq_location_city = [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]]<br /> | hq_location_country = India<br /> | key_people = <br /> | products = 40,000 vehicles<br /> | owner = &lt;!-- or: | owners = --&gt;<br /> | num_employees = 400&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Bagchi|first=Shrabonti|date=2020-06-05|title=Amit Gupta of Yulu is riding the change|url=https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/amit-gupta-of-yulu-is-riding-the-change-11591358571471.html|access-date=2020-11-29|website=mint|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | num_employees_year = &lt;!-- Year of num_employees data (if known) --&gt;<br /> | parent = <br /> | website = {{URL|www.yulu.bike}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Yulu Bikes Pvt. Ltd.''' (stylized as '''yulu''') is an Indian company headquartered in [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-05-16|title=Yulu Gets Ready To Tackle City Traffic Congestion And Drive India's Micromobility Future|url=https://inc42.com/startups/yulu-gets-ready-to-tackle-city-traffic-congestion-and-drive-indias-micromobility-future/|access-date=2020-11-17|website=Inc42 Media|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-08-11|title=COVID crisis-led popularity for e-bikes: Yulu to increase electric bike fleet to 1 lakh by 2021|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/auto/electric-vehicles/covid-crisis-led-popularity-for-e-bikes-yulu-to-increase-electric-bike-fleet-to-1-lakh-by-2021/2051380/|access-date=2020-11-17|website=The Financial Express|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; It provides shared low-speed two-wheeler electric vehicle (EV) services in Bengaluru, Mumbai, Navi Mumbai, Delhi, Gurugram,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yulu Website |url=https://www.yulu.bike/newsroom/yulu-powers-into-gurugram-to-revolutionise-last-mile-mobility-and-delivery |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=www.yulu.bike}}&lt;/ref&gt; Noida&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yulu Website |url=https://www.yulu.bike/newsroom/shared-ev-mobility-leader-yulu-forays-into-up-s-noida-plans-to-launch-in-more-cities-in-state |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=www.yulu.bike}}&lt;/ref&gt; and Hyderabad.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yulu Website |url=https://www.yulu.bike/newsroom/shared-ev-mobility-leader-yulu-enters-hyderabad-its-ninth-city |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=www.yulu.bike}}&lt;/ref&gt; It also has a presence in [[Indore]], [[Kochi]], [[Tirunelveli]], [[Madurai]], [[Vadodara]], [[Kolkata]] and [[Zirakpur]] through local partners. Yulu operates 45,000 dockless shared EVs &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yulu partners with Electrie to launch shared electric mobility service in Kolkata |url=https://www.autocarpro.in/news/yulu-partners-with-electrie-to-launch-shared-electric-mobility-service-in-kolkata-123735 |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Autocar Professional}}&lt;/ref&gt; and has over four million users. Riders using Yulu have travelled 850 million km, helped save [https://www.autocarpro.in/news/yulu-implements-whatsapp-based-road-safety-initiative-for-delivery-riders-125141 32 million kg of CO2 emissions] and have made over 240 million green deliveries till date.<br /> <br /> In 2022, Yulu partnered Canadian auto parts manufacturer Magna International to start a battery-as-a-service (BaaS) business, Yuma Energy. Yuma currently supports Yulu riders with battery swaps through its network of stations. It does over a million swaps every month.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-08-22 |title=Yuma Energy hits 1 million monthly battery swaps, expands to Hyderabad |url=https://www.autocarpro.in/news/yuma-energy-hits-1-million-monthly-battery-swaps-expands-to-hyderabad-122167 |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=Autocar Professional}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Yulu's investors include [[Bajaj Auto]], [[Magna International]], Wavemaker, Rocketship, 3One4, and Blume. Bajaj Auto is also the manufacturer of Yulu's third generation of vehicles. The company became India's largest EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation) profitable shared electric mobility company in 2024. It claimed to have achieved an Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR) of $30 million in FY2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=www.ETAuto.com |title=Yulu becomes EBITDA positive with USD 30 million ARR - ET Auto |url=https://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/aftermarket/yulu-becomes-ebitda-positive-with-usd-30-million-arr/114007079 |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=ETAuto.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Yulu's revenues touched Rs 42.8 crore ($5.13 million) in FY2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-09-06|title=Yulu records expanded FY23 losses due to increased battery charging expenses|url=https://startupstorymedia.com/insights-yulu-records-expanded-fy23-losses-due-to-increased-battery-charging-expenses/|access-date=2023-09-06|website=Startup Story}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has also announced plans to make an initial public offering (IPO) in FY-2026.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-06-08|title=Electric mobility form Yulu Bikes could file for an IPO in FY26 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/renewables/electric-mobility-firm-yulu-bikes-could-file-for-an-ipo-in-fy26/articleshow/100831066.cms|access-date=2023-06-08|website=The Economic Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Amit Gupta, Founder and CEO, Yulu, credits two major partners for the shared electric 2-wheeler company's early success—its strategic investors and Indian regulators.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> '''2017–2018'''<br /> <br /> Yulu was founded in 2017 by Amit Gupta, RK Misra, and Naveen Dachuri. In November 2023, the company's CFO Anuj Tewari was elevated to the role of co-founder.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-11-11|title=Shared Mobility Startup Yulu Names CFO Anuj Tewari As New Cofounder|url=https://inc42.com/buzz/shared-mobility-startup-yulu-names-cfo-anuj-tewari-as-new-cofounder/|access-date=2023-11-11|website=Inc42}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Yulu's CEO, Amit Gupta, had earlier co-founded InMobi. He decided to start Yulu to solve urban mobility challenges like congestion and pollution. The service was thus conceived as a ‘flexible, cheap, effective, and clean commuting’ alternative to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-08-02|title=Meet Amit Gupta, Harvard alumnus and the brain behind Rs 50 crore revenue company|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-meet-amit-gupta-harvard-alumnus-and-the-brain-behind-rs-50-crore-revenue-company-yulu-3054356/|access-date=2024-01-10|website=DNA India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In January 2018, the company began operations in [[Bangalore]] and [[Pune]], followed by [[Mumbai]] and [[Bhubaneswar]] in the end of 2018.<br /> <br /> '''2019–2021'''<br /> <br /> In 2019, Yulu launched its first shared electric vehicle, the Miracle, in Bengaluru and later in New Delhi. The Miracle is a low speed EV with a 250 watt motor and a top speed of 25&amp;nbsp;km/h and is designated as a non-motorised vehicle under Indian traffic rules.<br /> <br /> Yulu also launched its EV sharing service in Ahmedabad in 2020, but wound up its city operations in 2022,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-06-27|title=E-bike Yulu exists A'bad|url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/battery-down/81836911.html/|access-date=2024-01-10|website=Ahmedabad Mirror}}&lt;/ref&gt; after the pandemic.<br /> <br /> During the COVID-19 pandemic, Yulu noticed a surge in the number of delivery executives using its EVs for last-mile deliveries. To meet this demand, in 2022, the company launched its DeX model that is built for delivery professionals.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-30|title=Yulu launches DEX electric scooter with 60-km range for last-mile delivery|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/auto/electric-vehicles/yulu-dex-electric-scooter-60-km-range-last-mile-delivery-top-speed-price-charging-time/2300883/|access-date=2024-01-10|website=Financial Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> '''2022–Present'''<br /> <br /> In 2022, the company focused on adding both size and scale. It expanded its presence in the battery as a service (BaaS) market through its associate, [https://www.linkedin.com/company/magna-yuma-energy/?originalSubdomain=in Yuma Energy]. A joint venture company established by Yulu and Magna in 2022, Yuma looks to expand its footprint to over 300 battery swapping stations across India.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-07-08 |title=Yuma Energy to expand its footprint to over 300 battery swapping stations by the end of year |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/yuma-energy-to-expand-its-footprint-to-over-300-battery-swapping-stations-by-the-end-of-year/article68381285.ece |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=The Hindu Business Line}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In mid-2023, Yulu diversified into the personal mobility space with a new model, the Wynn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-04-28|title=Yulu launches E2W, Wynn, at opening price of INR 55,555|url=https://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/two-wheelers/yulu-launches-e2w-wynn-at-opening-price-of-inr-55555/99842718|access-date=2024-01-10|website=ET Auto}}&lt;/ref&gt; In a departure from its rental business model, this vehicle can be bought by users. The vehicle is presently being sold to users in Bengaluru.<br /> <br /> In 2023, Yulu also announced a franchise initiative,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-08-04|title=Yulu invites entrepreneurs in Indian cities to become local e-mobility pioneers|url=https://www.autocarpro.in/news/yulu-invites-entrepreneurs-in-indian-cities-to-become-local-e-mobility-pioneers-116224|access-date=2024-01-10|website=Autocar Pro}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yulu Business Partner (YBP) that empowers local entrepreneurs to launch shared EV services in the latter's own cities. Currently, Yulu has tied up with local entrepreneurs in [https://www.yulu.bike/newsroom/yulu-launches-in-indore-with-industry-first-franchise-partner-led-model Indore], [https://www.yulu.bike/newsroom/yulu-brings-shared-ev-revolution-to-kochi-in-partnership-with-zeco-mobility Kochi], [https://www.yulu.bike/newsroom/yulu-flags-off-its-shared-ev-mobility-service-in-its-8th-city-tamil-nadu-s-tirunelveli Tirunelveli], [https://www.yulu.bike/newsroom/on-expansion-spree-shared-ev-leader-yulu-announces-arrival-in-pondicherry-its-10th-city Pondicherry], Vadodara&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yulu Website |url=https://www.yulu.bike/newsroom/yulu-expands-its-shared-ev-mobility-service-to-vadodara |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=www.yulu.bike}}&lt;/ref&gt; and Kolkata&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yulu Website |url=https://www.yulu.bike/newsroom/yulu-launches-its-shared-ev-mobility-service-in-kolkata-with-electrie |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=www.yulu.bike}}&lt;/ref&gt; to bring leisure and goods mobility to these cities.<br /> <br /> == Business model ==<br /> Yulu's business model involves renting low-speed (under 25&amp;nbsp;km/h), dockless EVs to users, typically for short-distance rides. In the same vein as global shared EV companies like Lime, Bolt and Dott, Yulu provides mobility as a service (MaaS) – a concept which envisages a shift from personally-owned transportation towards public and shared transport that can be accessed through a unified gateway.<br /> <br /> After launching its services for shared people mobility in 2019, Yulu diversified into shared goods mobility in 2022. Yulu follows a cluster-based approach and has focused on high-demand pin-codes within its operational cities. In 2023, the company turned profitable at a “unit economics” level,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=www.ETAuto.com |title=Yulu CFO Anuj Tewari joins the team of co-founders – ET Auto |url=https://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/two-wheelers/yulu-cfo-anuj-tewari-joins-the-team-of-co-founders/105225172 |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=ETAuto.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; and said that it would break-even as a business soon.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yulu Bikes: Simplifying Mobility One Component At A Time |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/innovation/yulu-bikes-simplifying-mobility-one-component-at-a-time/88595/1 |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Forbes India |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Both the Miracle and DeX models have be successful for Yulu, which has enabled over 100 million rides to date. In an article, CEO Amit Gupta attributed this&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-09-09 |title=Micromobility in India: Boon or bane? |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/express-mobility-micromobility-in-india-boon-or-bane-3237971/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; to the company's strong product-market fit and suitability for Indian road conditions. Gupta said that features that are unique to a developing market like India – lower vehicle ownership, shrinking road space in cities, and a need for affordable, accessible and pollution-free mobility – are driving demand for Yulu's services. The situation is different in the US, European cities like Paris, or Asian countries like Singapore which have seen micromobility players running into trouble with authorities due to reports of EV-riders becoming a nuisance. In 2023, for instance, Paris banned free floating e-scooters&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bellan |first=Rebecca |date=2023-04-03 |title=Paris votes overwhelmingly to ban shared e-scooters |url=https://techcrunch.com/2023/04/02/paris-votes-overwhelmingly-to-ban-shared-e-scooters/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=TechCrunch |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; due to complaints around “reckless driving” and “clutter on sidewalks”.<br /> <br /> To make the ridesharing service accessible and affordable for the price sensitive Indian market, Yulu tied up with city and Metro authorities in Bengaluru, Delhi and Mumbai to set up parking and battery swapping infrastructure. These partners include the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), Bengaluru Metro (BMRCL), urban bodies like BBMP and DULT in Bengaluru,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2022-11-02 |title=Yulu promises to invest Rs 1200 cr in Karnataka, will deploy 1 lakh EVs |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/renewables/yulu-promises-to-invest-rs-1200-cr-in-karnataka-will-deploy-1-lakh-evs/articleshow/95259736.cms |access-date=2024-01-10 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}&lt;/ref&gt; and  the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MMRDA ties-up with Yulu Bike to provide first and last-mile connectivity |url=https://www.urbantransportnews.com/news/mmrda-ties-up-with-yulu-bike-to-provide-first-and-last-mile-connectivity |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Urban Transport News}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Yulu has also signed agreements with quick commerce and last mile delivery companies to provide shared DeX EVs to the latter's delivery partners. These e-commerce and logistics platforms include Zomato,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-04-03 |title=Yulu and Zomato announce tie-up for last-mile deliveries |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/business/yulu-and-zomato-announce-tie-up-for-last-mile-deliveries-16326661.htm |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Swiggy, Shadowfax, Amazon, Blinkit, Flipkart Minutes, and Zepto.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Zepto and Yulu join hands to scale green hyperlocal deliveries |url=https://www.autocarpro.in/news/yulu-partners-with-zepto-to-maximise-green-deliveries--116408 |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Autocar Professional |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The company also tied up with real estate company Prestige Group to provide on-location mobility services to users &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Yulu on LinkedIn: Yulu partners with Prestige Group for green mobility, opens exclusive Yulu… |url=https://www.linkedin.com/posts/yulu_yulu-partners-with-prestige-group-for-green-activity-7065237261025439744-gizt |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=www.linkedin.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; and Dayananda Sagar University in Bengaluru to provide sustainable and convenient mobility for students in the university campus.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/dsu_int_affairs/reel/DCYVrbJv5FE/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=www.instagram.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Technology ==<br /> Yulu's vehicle hardware, digital apps, and fleet management operations are built on an integrated technology platform developed by the company in-house.<br /> <br /> The platform connects Yulu's users with its micromobility vehicles through a mobile application. It uses [[Internet of things|IoT]], [[machine learning]], and [[artificial intelligence]] for efficient demand-supply management and operations.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2023-07-26 |title=Empowering micromobility EV rides with telematics &amp; data-driven solutions |url=https://www.telematicswire.net/empowering-micromobility-ev-rides-with-telematics-data-driven/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Telematics Wire |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The company also built a battery charging and swapping system, which it launched in late 2021 under the brand of Yulu Max stations. This ‘energy’ business has since been spun off as a JV with [[Magna International]] and operates independently by the name of Yuma Energy.<br /> <br /> In September 2022, Yulu obtained a process patent for developing an ‘Electric vehicle system for Shared Mobility’.<br /> <br /> == Investments ==<br /> In November 2019, Bajaj Auto invested $8 million in Yulu. In September 2022, Yulu received Series B funding of $82 million in a round led by Magna International and Bajaj. Yulu has raised over $123 million in equity capital — which includes $52 million for Yuma — till date. Yulu has also secured $12 million in debt financing from the [[U.S. International Development Finance Corporation|U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC)]] and from Northern Arc.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-08-08 |title=Yulu Bikes aiming to raise over $100 million to fund expansion |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/renewables/yulu-bikes-aiming-to-raise-over-100-mn-to-fund-expansion/articleshow/112380681.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=Economic Times |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Bicycle sharing systems}}<br /> {{Scooter sharing systems}}<br /> <br /> &lt;!--- Categories ---&gt;<br /> [[Category:Bicycle sharing companies]]<br /> [[Category:Scooter sharing companies]]<br /> [[Category:Indian companies established in 2017]]<br /> [[Category:Transport companies established in 2017]]<br /> [[Category:2017 establishments in Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:Companies based in Bengaluru]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prabhat_Khabar&diff=457287 2025-12-14T05:17:20Z

<p>KurtFaucett: quick fixed section after review additionally and corrected details</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian Hindi language daily newspaper}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}<br /> {{Infobox newspaper<br /> | name = Prabhat Khabar<br /> | school =<br /> | logo = [[File:Prabhat Khabar Logo.svg|frameless|class=skin-invert]]<br /> | logo_size = 200px<br /> | logo_alt = <br /> | image = PrabhatKhabarCover.jpg<br /> | image_size = 250px<br /> | image_alt = <br /> | caption = <br /> | motto = <br /> | type = <br /> | format = <br /> | owner = &lt;!-- or |owners= --&gt;<br /> | founder = &lt;!-- or |founders= --&gt;<br /> | publisher = <br /> | president = <br /> | editor = <br /> | chief_editor = <br /> | deputy_editor = <br /> | associate_editor = <br /> | managing_editor = <br /> | general_manager = <br /> | news_editor = <br /> | campus_editor = <br /> | campus_chief = <br /> | metro_editor = <br /> | metro_chief = <br /> | opinion_editor = <br /> | photo_editor = <br /> | staff_writers = <br /> | founded = {{start date and age|1984|08}} [[Ranchi]], [[Jharkhand]]<br /> | political_position = <br /> | language = Hindi<br /> | ceased_publication = <br /> | relaunched = <br /> | headquarters = <br /> | publishing_city = [[Ranchi]], [[Patna]], [[Kolkata]]<br /> | publishing_country = India<br /> | circulation = <br /> | circulation_date = <br /> | circulation_ref = <br /> | readership = <br /> | sister_newspapers = <br /> | ISSN = <br /> | eISSN = <br /> | oclc = <br /> | RNI = <br /> | website = {{URL|https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/}}<br /> | free = {{URL|http://epaper.prabhatkhabar.com/}} <br /> }}<br /> '''{{Lang|hi-latn|Prabhat Khabar}}''' is a [[Hindi]]-[[language]] daily newspaper published in [[Jharkhand]], [[Bihar]] and [[West Bengal]], with circulation in some other states in India, including parts of [[Orissa, India|Orissa]]. It was founded in August 1984 in [[Ranchi]], in Bihar. With the formation of Jharkhand state in November 2000, Ranchi became the capital of [[Jharkhand]]. The newspaper is notable for reporting social issues and revealing scams, such as the [[Fodder Scam]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Jharkhand daily Prabhat Khabar on the block |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?NewsID=1067538 |work=[[DNA (newspaper)|DNA]] |date=2006-12-03 |access-date=23 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061211231312/http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?NewsID=1067538 |url-status=live |archive-date=2006-12-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt; which it began reporting on in 1992. Despite receiving threats, the newspaper wrote 70 reports on the scam and had four or five reporters reporting the story.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Sevanti |last=Ninan |title=Prabhat Khabar: Expanding in Reach and Relevance |url=http://www.thehoot.org/web/home/searchdetail.php?sid=440&amp;bg=1 |work=[[Brandeis University#Publications|The Hoot]] |date=2002-09-02 |access-date=23 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613075237/http://thehoot.org/web/home/searchdetail.php?sid=440&amp;bg=1 |url-status=live |archive-date=2010-06-13 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Prabhat Khabar was founded in 1984 by S. M. Vinod, an experienced publisher from Nagpur.{{citation needed|date=December 2022}} Vinod along with Gyan Ranjan, an [[Indian National Congress]] politician established Neutral Publishing Pvt. Ltd. and started publishing Prabhat Khabar under it.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Razi |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/My_Portion_of_Sky_A_Memoir_of_Hemant_Sin/yznOEAAAQBAJ?hl=en |title=My Portion of Sky - A Memoir of Hemant Sinha |date=2023-07-31 |publisher=StoryMirror Infotech Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-81-963752-1-8 |pages=206 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> === Bibliography ===<br /> <br /> * {{Cite book |last=Sinha |first=Anuj Kumar |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/PRABHAT_KHABAR_PRAYOG_KI_KAHANI/QGVtCwAAQBAJ?hl=en |title=Prabhat Khabar: Prayog Ki Kahani: The Inspiring Story of an Innovative Newspaper |date=2021-01-19 |publisher=[[Prabhat Prakashan]] |isbn=978-93-5186-167-6 |language=hi}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.prabhatkhabar.com/ Official website] {{in lang|hi}}<br /> * [http://epaper.prabhatkhabar.com/ Official epaper]<br /> <br /> {{Newspapers in India}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Daily newspapers published in India]]<br /> [[Category:Hindi-language newspapers]]<br /> [[Category:Mass media in Jharkhand]]<br /> [[Category:Newspapers published in Patna]]<br /> [[Category:Newspapers published in Gaya, India]]<br /> [[Category:Newspapers published in Muzaffarpur]]<br /> [[Category:Newspapers published in Bhagalpur]]<br /> [[Category:Newspapers published in Aurangabad, Bihar]]<br /> [[Category:Newspapers established in 1984]]<br /> [[Category:1984 establishments in Bihar]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=M._Anantanarayanan&diff=465674 2025-11-28T13:39:25Z

<p>KurtFaucett: added info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian lawyer and civil servant (1907-1981)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}<br /> {{notability|Biographies|date=April 2012}}<br /> '''Madhavaiah Anantanarayanan''' (1 May 1907 – 18 November 1981),<br /> (son of A. Madhaviah- one of the earliest Indian novelists to write in English), was an Indian lawyer and civil servant who served as the Chief Justice of [[Madras State]] (later [[Tamil Nadu]]) from 1966 to 1969.The Silver Pilgrimage (1961) is his only published novel,which is influenced by Dandin's Dasakumaracharitha or the adventures of ten princes.<br /> <br /> == Early life ==<br /> <br /> Anantanarayanan was born in Madras on 1 May 1907 to a [[Vadama]] [[Iyer]] [[Brahmin]] family, and had his schooling at Sir M. Ct. Muthiah High School and the Hindu High School. He did his graduation at the [[Presidency College, Madras]] and post-graduation at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.<br /> <br /> == Career ==<br /> <br /> Anantanarayanan joined the Indian civil service on 15 October 1929 and served as Sub-Collector and Joint Magistrate in various districts of the [[Madras Presidency]]. He became a District Judge on 8 March 1940 and was appointed to the Madras High Court on 10 August 1959. Anantanarayanan served as Chief Justice of Tamil Nadu from 1966 till his retirement on 1 May 1969. Anantanarayanan also served as Director of Legal Studies, Madras from 1955 to 1959.<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> <br /> Anantanarayanan died on 18 November 1981 at his son's residence in [[Bombay]].<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> * [http://anantanarayanan.twobelugas.net/Pamani/Tributes/viewTribute.htm?2 Tributes]{{dead link|date=May 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Anantanarayanan, M.}}<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian lawyers]]<br /> [[Category:1907 births]]<br /> [[Category:1981 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Politicians from Chennai]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian judges]]<br /> [[Category:Chief justices of the Madras High Court]]</div>

KurtFaucett https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaluvoya&diff=470455 2025-11-24T05:54:45Z

<p>KurtFaucett: updated details</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Kaluvoya<br /> | native_name = <br /> | native_name_lang = te<br /> | other_name = <br /> | nickname = <br /> | settlement_type = [[Village]]<br /> | image_skyline = <br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_caption = <br /> | pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh#India<br /> | pushpin_label_position = right<br /> | pushpin_map_alt = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|14.5000|N|79.4167|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> | established_title = &lt;!-- Established --&gt;<br /> | established_date = <br /> | founder = <br /> | named_for = <br /> | government_type = <br /> | governing_body = <br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | area_footnotes = <br /> | area_rank = <br /> | area_total_km2 = <br /> | elevation_footnotes = <br /> | elevation_m = 122<br /> | population_total = 30000<br /> | population_as_of = 2019<br /> | population_rank = <br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym = <br /> | population_footnotes = <br /> | demographics_type1 = Languages<br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = &lt;!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --&gt;<br /> | postal_code = 524343<br /> | registration_plate = AP <br /> | website = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> | mapframe = yes<br /> | mapframe-zoom = 14<br /> }}<br /> '''Kaluvoya''' or '''Kaluvaya''' is a village and a [[Subdivisions of India|Mandal]] in [[Nellore district]] in the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]] in [[India]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web<br /> |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ <br /> |title=List of Sub-Districts <br /> |publisher=Census of India <br /> |accessdate=2007-03-26 <br /> |url-status=dead <br /> |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070514045222/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ <br /> |archivedate=2007-05-14 <br /> }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Geography==<br /> Kaluvaya is located at {{coord|14.5000|N|79.4167|E|}}.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/02/Kaluvaya.html Falling Rain Genomics.Kaluvaya]&lt;/ref&gt; and has an altitude of 91m.<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Nellore district}}<br /> [[Category:Villages in Nellore district]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Nellore-geo-stub}}</div>

KurtFaucett