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Moncton

2026-05-13T21:42:05Z

KristineCharlton: New Post

{{Short description|City in New Brunswick, Canada}}
{{About|the city|the geographic parish, former local service district, and rural census subdivision|Moncton Parish, New Brunswick|other uses|Moncton (disambiguation)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Moncton
| settlement_type = [[List of cities in New Brunswick|City]]
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 290
| image_style = border:1;
| perrow = 1/3/2/2/1
| caption_align = center
|image1 = View of the Moncton, New Brunswick skyline (cropped).jpg
|caption1 = Skyline of Moncton
|image2 = Capitolmoncton.jpg
|caption2 = [[Capitol Theatre (Moncton)|Capitol Theatre]]
|image3 = BellAliant Tower.jpg
|caption3 = [[Bell Aliant Tower]]
|image4 = Moncton Wildcats at Halifax Mooseheads (February 27 2010) (4393855522) (cropped).jpg
|caption4 = [[Moncton Wildcats]]
|image5 = Magnetic_Hill_Moncton_Reverse.JPG
|caption5 = [[Magnetic Hill (Moncton)|Magnetic Hill]]
|image6 = Surfing_the_Tidal_Bore.jpg
|caption6 = [[Tidal_bore#Canada|Tidal Bore]]
}}
| image_flag = Flag of Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.gif
| flag_size = 110px
| image_shield = Moncton coat of arms.png
| shield_link = Coat of arms of Moncton
| image_blank_emblem = City of Moncton logo.svg
| blank_emblem_type = Logo
| nickname = [[List of city nicknames in Canada#New Brunswick|"Hub City"]]<ref name="nickname">{{cite news |url=http://www.news919.com/news/local/article/414354--major-employment-forum-held-this-week-in-moncton |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130208131049/http://www.news919.com/news/local/article/414354--major-employment-forum-held-this-week-in-moncton |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 8, 2013 |title=Major employment forum held this week in Moncton |first=Cathy |last=LeBreton |newspaper=News 91.9 |publisher=[[Rogers Communications]] |date=October 22, 2012 |access-date=November 5, 2012 }}</ref>
| motto = "''Resurgo''"{{spaces|2}}([[Latin]]) "I rise again"
| image_map = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=250|frame-height=250|zoom=10|frame-lat=46.132778|frame-long=-64.771389|type=shape-inverse|id=Q457334|title=Moncton}}
| map_caption = Interactive map outlining Moncton
| pushpin_map = Canada#New Brunswick
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Moncton in Canada
| coordinates = {{coord|46|07|58|N|64|46|17|W|region:CA-NB|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Canada
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[New Brunswick]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Counties of New Brunswick|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Westmorland County, New Brunswick|Westmorland]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of parishes in New Brunswick|Parish]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Moncton Parish, New Brunswick|Moncton Parish]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| established_title2 = Founded
| established_date2 = 1766 (as The Bend of the Petitcodiac, or simply The Bend)
| established_title3 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date3 = 1855, 1875
| named_for = [[Robert Monckton]]
| government_type = [[Council-manager government|Council-Manager]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Shawn Crossman (As of 2026)
| leader_title1 = Governing Body
| leader_name1 = [[Moncton City Council]]
| leader_title2 = [[House of Commons of Canada|MP]]
| leader_name2 = [[Ginette Petitpas Taylor]]
| leader_title3 = [[Legislative Assembly|MLAs]]
| leader_name3 = [[Tania Sodhi]] [[Alexandre Cédric Doucet]] [[Rob McKee]] [[Claire Johnson]] [[Sherry Wilson]]
| area_footnotes = <ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Data table |date=February 9, 2022 |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Moncton&DGUIDlist=2021A00051307022&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418221202/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Moncton&DGUIDlist=2021A00051307022&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{cite web |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Data table |date=February 9, 2022 |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Moncton&DGUIDlist=2021S0503305&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418221203/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Moncton&DGUIDlist=2021S0503305&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite web |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Data table |date=February 9, 2022 |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Moncton&DGUIDlist=2021S05100539&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418221204/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Moncton&DGUIDlist=2021S05100539&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 140.67
| area_total_sq_mi =
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_urban_km2 = 110.73
| area_urban_sq_mi =
| area_metro_km2 = 2562.47
| area_metro_sq_mi =
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=Weatherbase>{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=50727&refer= |title=Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada |access-date=June 26, 2007 |publisher=Weatherbase |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002849/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=50727&refer= |archive-date=September 4, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| elevation_max_m = 70
| elevation_min_m = 0
| population_footnotes = <ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto1"/>
| population_total = 79470
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_density_km2 = 564
| population_density_sq_mi =
| population_urban = 119785
| population_density_urban_km2 = 1081.8
| population_metro = 157717
| population_density_metro_km2 = 61.5
| population_density_metro_sq_mi =
| population_blank1_title = [[Demonym]]
| population_blank1 = Monctonian
| timezone = [[Atlantic Standard Time Zone|AST]]
| utc_offset = −4
| timezone_DST = ADT
| utc_offset_DST = −3
| postal_code_type = [[Canadian Postal code]]
| postal_code = [[List of E Postal Codes of Canada|E1A-E1G, E1K]]
| area_code_type = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
| area_codes = [[Area codes 506 and 428|506 and 428]]
| blank_name = [[National Topographic System|NTS]] Map
| blank_info = {{Canada NTS Map Sheet|21|I|2}}
| blank1_name = [[Geographical Names Board of Canada|GNBC]] Code
| blank1_info = DADHJ<ref>{{Cite cgndb |id = DADHJ |name = Moncton}}</ref>
| blank2_name = [[List of highways in New Brunswick|Highways]]
| blank2_info = {{jct|state=NB|TCH|2}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|11}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|15}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|106}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|114}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|115}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|126}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|128}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|132}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|134}} {{jct|state=NB|NB|490}}
| blank_name_sec2 = [[GDP]] (Moncton {{Abbr|CMA|Census metropolitan area}})
| blank_info_sec2 = [[Canadian dollar|CA$]]6.9 billion (2016)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3610046801 |title=Table 36-10-0468-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA) (x 1,000,000) |date=January 27, 2017 |publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] |access-date=April 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122184338/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3610046801 |archive-date=January 22, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| blank1_name_sec2 = GDP per capita (Moncton {{Abbr|CMA|Census metropolitan area}})
| blank1_info_sec2 = CA$47,959 (2016)
| website = {{Official URL}}
}}

'''Moncton''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʌ|ŋ|k|t|ən}}; {{IPA|fr|mɔŋktœn}}) is the most populous city in the [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Canadian province]] of [[New Brunswick]]. Situated in the [[Petitcodiac River]] Valley, it lies at the geographic centre of the [[The Maritimes|Maritime Provinces]]. The city has earned the nickname "Hub City" because of its central inland location in the region and its history as a railway and land transportation hub for the Maritimes. As of the 2025 Statistics Canada estimates, the city had a population of 102,378, the first time that a New Brunswick city had a population of more than 100,000 people.<ref>https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1710015501</ref> The metropolitan population in 2025 was 196,143, making it one of the fastest growing [[census metropolitan area]]s (CMA) in Canada.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Morrison |first1=Catherine |title=Celebrating Excellence in Economic Development |url=https://www.todocanada.ca/top-100-population-centres-in-canada-how-the-population-has-changed/}}</ref> Its land area is {{convert|140.67|km2|sqmi}}.<ref name="auto"/>

Although the Moncton area was first settled in 1733, Moncton was officially founded in 1766 with the arrival of [[Pennsylvania German]] immigrants from [[Philadelphia]]. Initially an agricultural settlement, Moncton was incorporated in 1855. It was named for Lt. Col. [[Robert Monckton]], the British officer who had captured nearby [[Fort Beauséjour]] a century earlier. A significant wooden shipbuilding industry developed in the community by the mid-1840s, allowing for the civic incorporation of the town in 1855.

The shipbuilding economy collapsed in the 1860s, causing the town to lose its civic charter in 1862. Moncton regained its charter in 1875 after the community's economy rebounded, mainly due to a growing railway industry. In 1871, the [[Intercolonial Railway of Canada]] chose Moncton as its headquarters. Moncton remained a railway town for well over a century until the [[Canadian National Railway]] (CNR) locomotive shops closed in the late 1980s.

Although Moncton's economy was significantly impacted by the collapse of the shipbuilding industry in the 1860s and by the closure of the CNR locomotive shops in the 1980s, the city was able to rebound strongly on both occasions. It adopted the motto {{Lang|la|Resurgo}} (Latin: "I rise again") after its rebirth as a [[railway town]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Moncton's motto Resurgo holds historic importance to city |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/moncton-s-motto-resurgo-holds-historic-importance-to-city-1.2674403 |website=CBC News – New Brunswick |access-date=May 19, 2019 |date=June 13, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140829045229/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/moncton-s-motto-resurgo-holds-historic-importance-to-city-1.2674403 |archive-date=August 29, 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> Its economy is stable and diversified, primarily based on its traditional transportation, distribution, retailing, and commercial heritage, and supplemented by strength in the educational, health care, financial, information technology, and insurance sectors. The strength of Moncton's economy has received national recognition in part due to a local unemployment rate that is consistently lower than the national average.

==History==
{{Main|History of Moncton}}
{{For timeline}}
{{See also|List of historic places in Moncton, New Brunswick}}
[[Acadians]] settled the head of the [[Bay of Fundy]] in the 1670s.<ref>Boudreau 12</ref> The first reference to the "Petcoucoyer River" was on the De Meulles map of 1686.<ref>Boudreau 16</ref> Settlement of the [[Petitcodiac River|Petitcodiac]] and [[Memramcook]] river valleys began about 1700, gradually extending inland and reaching the site of present-day Moncton in 1733. The first Acadian settlers in the Moncton area established a marshland farming community and chose to name their settlement ''Le Coude'' ("The Elbow"),<ref name="Moncton Article">{{cite encyclopedia |author=Medjuck, Sheva |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/moncton/  |title=Moncton |date=March 13, 2007 |encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |access-date=July 4, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415111626/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/moncton/ |archive-date=April 15, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> an allusion to the 90° bend in the river near the site of the settlement.
[[File:Fort Beauséjour - Fort Cumberland National Historic Site.jpg|thumb|left|[[Fort Beauséjour]]. In 1755, the [[France|French]] fort was captured by British forces under the command of [[Robert Monckton]].]]
In 1755, nearby [[Fort Beauséjour]] was captured by British forces under the command of Lt. Col. [[Robert Monckton]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Parks Canada – Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site of Canada – Natural Wonders & Cultural Treasures – Cultural Heritage |url=http://www.pc.gc.ca/lhn-nhs/nb/beausejour/natcul/index_E.asp |publisher=[[Parks Canada]] |access-date=July 9, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208184944/http://www.pc.gc.ca/lhn-nhs/nb/beausejour/natcul/index_e.asp |archive-date=February 8, 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Beaubassin region including the Memramcook and Petitcodiac river valleys subsequently fell under English control.<ref>Larracey 30</ref> Later that year, Governor [[Charles Lawrence (British Army officer)|Charles Lawrence]] issued a decree ordering the [[History of Acadia|expulsion of the Acadian]] population from [[Nova Scotia]] (including recently captured areas of Acadia such as Le Coude). This action came to be known as the "[[Great Upheaval]]".<ref name="History of Acadia">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/history-of-acadia/  |title=Acadia, History of |date=March 13, 2007 |encyclopedia=[[Canadian Encyclopedia]] |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220213617/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/history-of-acadia/ |archive-date=February 20, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The reaches of the upper Petitcodiac River valley then came under the control of the Philadelphia Land Company (one of the principals of which was [[Benjamin Franklin]]). In 1766, [[Pennsylvania German]] settlers arrived to reestablish the preexisting farming community at Le Coude.<ref>Larracey 32</ref> The Settlers consisted of eight families: Heinrich Stief ([[Steeves]]), Jacob Treitz (Trites), Matthias Sommer (Somers), Jacob Reicker (Ricker), Charles Jones (Schantz),<ref>[http://www.onelibrary.com/genealogy/reports/Charles-Jones-of-Philadelphia-and-Monckton.pdf The German Origins of Charles Jones, aka Johann Carl Schantz, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Monckton, New Brunswick] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508195702/http://www.onelibrary.com/genealogy/reports/Charles-Jones-of-Philadelphia-and-Monckton.pdf |date=May 8, 2016 }} By Rick Crume, with genealogical research by Dawn Edlund, November 2008</ref> George Wortmann (Wortman), Michael Lutz (Lutes), and George Koppel (Copple). There is a plaque dedicated in their honour at the mouth of Hall's Creek.<ref name="Pennsylvania Deutsch Settlers">{{cite web |url=http://tourism.moncton.ca/Travel_Trade/General_Information/The_History_of_Moncton.htm |title=The History of Moncton |year=2008 |work=Tourism Moncton |access-date=October 19, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115021223/http://tourism.moncton.ca/Travel_Trade/General_Information/The_History_of_Moncton.htm |archive-date=January 15, 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

They renamed the settlement "The Bend".<ref name="Moncton Article" /> The Bend remained an [[Agriculture|agricultural]] settlement for nearly 80 more years. Even by 1836, there were only 20 households in the community. At that time, the Westmorland Road became open to year-round travel and a regular mail coach service was established between [[Saint John, New Brunswick|Saint John]] and [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]]. The Bend became an important transfer and rest station along the route. Over the next decade, [[Logging|lumbering]] and then shipbuilding became important industries in the area.

The community's turning point came when [[Joseph Salter]] took over and expanded a shipyard at the Bend in 1847. The shipyard grew to employ about 400 workers. The Bend developed a service-based economy to support the shipyard and gradually began to acquire all the amenities of a growing town.<ref>Larracey 45</ref> The prosperity engendered by the wooden [[shipbuilding industry]] allowed The Bend to incorporate as the town of Moncton in 1855. Although the town was named for Monckton,<ref name="Moncton Article" /> a clerical error at the time the town was incorporated resulted in the misspelling of its name, which has remained to the present day. Moncton's first mayor was the shipbuilder Joseph Salter.

In 1857, the [[European and North American Railway]] opened its line from Moncton to nearby [[Shediac]]. This was followed in 1859 by a line from Moncton to [[Saint John, New Brunswick|Saint John]].<ref name="Canadian Biography">{{cite book |first=George W. |last=Brown |title=Dictionary of Canadian Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofcana02toro |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofcana02toro/page/727 727]|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=1966 |isbn=0-8020-3142-0}}</ref> At about the time of the railway's arrival, the popularity of steam-powered ships forced an end to the era of wooden shipbuilding. The Salter shipyard closed in 1858. The resulting industrial collapse caused Moncton to surrender its civic charter in 1862.<ref name="Moncton Article" />
[[File:Intercolonial Railway Logo People.jpg|thumb|left|The city's economy was revitalized when it was selected as the headquarters for the [[Intercolonial Railway|Intercolonial Railway of Canada]] in 1871.]]
Moncton's economic depression did not last long; a second era of prosperity came to the area in 1871, when Moncton was selected to be the headquarters of the [[Intercolonial Railway of Canada]] (ICR).<ref name="Moncton Article" /> The arrival of the ICR in Moncton was a seminal event for the community. For the next 120 years, the history of the city was firmly linked with the railway's. In 1875,<ref name="Moncton Article" /> Moncton reincorporated as a town, and a year later, the ICR line to [[Quebec]] opened. The railway boom that emanated from this and the associated employment growth allowed Moncton to achieve city status on April 23, 1890.<ref>Larracey 25</ref>

[[File:Gare des Chemins de fer nationaux du Canada, Moncton (Nouveau-Brunswick).jpg|thumb|The Canadian National Railway station in 1927, since replaced by a simpler [[Moncton station |modern structure]]]]
Moncton grew rapidly during the early 20th century, particularly after provincial lobbying helped the city become the eastern terminus of the massive [[National Transcontinental Railway]] project in 1912.<ref name="National Transcontinental Railway">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/national-transcontinental-railway/  |title=National Transcontinental Railway |date=March 13, 2007 |encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402144717/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/national-transcontinental-railway/ |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1918, the federal government merged the ICR and the [[National Transcontinental Railway]] (NTR) into the newly formed [[Canadian National Railways]] (CNR) system.<ref name="National Transcontinental Railway"/> The ICR shops became CNR's major locomotive repair facility for the Maritimes and Moncton became the headquarters for CNR's Maritime division.<ref>Larracey 28</ref> The [[Eatons|T. Eaton Company's]] catalogue warehouse moved to the city in the early 1920s, employing over 700 people.<ref>{{cite web |title=Company Histories: Eaton's |url=http://www.civilization.ca/cpm/catalog/cat2403e.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080125054741/http://www.civilization.ca/cpm/catalog/cat2403e.html |archive-date=January 25, 2008 |publisher=[[Virtual Museum of Canada]]|access-date=January 24, 2009}}</ref>

Transportation and distribution became increasingly important to Moncton's economy in the mid-20th century. The first scheduled air service out of Moncton was established in 1928. During the [[Second World War]], the [[Canadian Army]] built a large military supply base in the city to service the Maritime military establishment. The CNR continued to dominate the economy of the city; railway employment in Moncton peaked at nearly 6,000 workers in the 1950s before beginning a slow decline.<ref>Larracey 46</ref>

[[File:Aliant Turm.JPG|thumb|upright=0.6|The Aliant tower symbolizes Moncton's position in Atlantic Canada as a communications and transportation hub.]]
Moncton was placed on the [[Trans-Canada Highway]] network in the early 1960s after [[New Brunswick Route 2|Route 2]] was built along the city's northern perimeter. Later, the [[New Brunswick Route 15|Route 15]] was built between the city and [[Shediac]].<ref>Larracey 52</ref> At the same time, the [[Petitcodiac River Causeway]] was constructed.<ref name="Moncton Article" /> The [[Université de Moncton]] was founded in 1963<ref>{{cite web |title=Musée acadien de l'Université de Moncton – Canada – |url=http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/Exhibitions/Instruments/Anglais/maum_c_txt01_en.html |publisher=virtualmuseum.ca |access-date=July 9, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702082139/http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/Exhibitions/Instruments/Anglais/maum_c_txt01_en.html |archive-date=July 2, 2007 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> and became an important resource in the development of Acadian culture in the area.<ref>{{cite web |title=University of Moncton |url=http://agora.virtualmuseum.ca/Agora/ViewLoitLo.do?method=preview&lang=EN&id=229 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721235712/http://agora.virtualmuseum.ca/Agora/ViewLoitLo.do?method=preview&lang=EN&id=229 |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 21, 2012 |date=March 13, 2006 |work=Government of [[New Brunswick]] |access-date=February 16, 2008}}</ref>

The late 1970s and the 1980s were a period of economic hardship for the city as several major employers closed or restructured.<ref>Larracey 62</ref> The [[Eatons]] catalogue division, CNR's locomotive shops facility and [[CFB Moncton]] closed during this time,<ref name="Moncton Article4">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.bartleby.com/65/mo/Moncton.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208164412/http://www.bartleby.com/65/mo/Moncton.html|archive-date=December 8, 2007|title=Moncton |date=March 13, 2001 |encyclopedia=[[The Columbia Encyclopedia]], Sixth Edition |access-date=July 19, 2007}}</ref> throwing thousands of citizens out of work.<ref name="Greater Moncton Garisson">{{cite web|url=http://www.army.forces.gc.ca/cfb_gagetown/branch/monctn_e.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040317005939/http://www.army.forces.gc.ca/cfb_gagetown/branch/monctn_e.asp|archive-date=March 17, 2004|title=CFB Gagetown Support Detachment Moncton |date=September 12, 2006 |work=[[Department of National Defence (Canada)|Department of National Defence]] |access-date=July 15, 2007}}</ref>

The city diversified in the early 1990s with the rise of information technology, led by [[call centre]]s that made use of the city's [[bilingual]] workforce.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wickens |first=Barbara |date=October 27, 1997 |title=When cheaper is better |magazine=[[Maclean's]] |issue=43 |volume=110 |page=10 }}</ref> By the late 1990s, retail, manufacturing and service expansion began to occur in all sectors and within a decade of the closure of the CNR locomotive shops Moncton had more than made up for its employment losses. This dramatic turnaround in the city's fortunes has been termed the "Moncton Miracle".<ref>{{cite web |title=Turner and Drake newsletter: Spring 1994 |url=http://www.turnerdrake.com/newsresearch/newsletters.asp |publisher=Turner Drake & Partners Ltd |access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717004956/http://www.turnerdrake.com/newsresearch/newsletters.asp |archive-date=July 17, 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The community's growth has accelerated since the 1990s. The confidence of the community has been bolstered by its ability to host major events such as the [[Francophonie#Summits|Francophonie Summit]] in 1999, a [[Rolling Stones]] concert in 2005, the [[Memorial Cup]] in 2006, and both the [[IAAF World Junior Championships in Athletics]] and a neutral site regular season CFL football game in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |title=Organization internationale de la Francophonie: Choronologie |url=http://www.francophonie.org/doc/doc-historique/chronologie-oif.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307170154/http://www.francophonie.org/doc/doc-historique/chronologie-oif.pdf |archive-date=March 7, 2008 |publisher=[[Francophonie]]|access-date=January 24, 2009 |page=2 |language=fr}}</ref>

Positive developments include the [[Atlantic Baptist University]] (later renamed [[Crandall University]]) achieving full university status and relocating to a new campus in 1996, the Greater Moncton Roméo LeBlanc International Airport opening a new terminal building and becoming a designated international airport in 2002,<ref name="AirportHistory">{{cite web|title=GMIA Home |publisher=[[Greater Moncton International Airport]] |url=http://www.gmia.ca/english/corp/history.asp |access-date=July 15, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041107010058/http://www.gmia.ca/english/corp/history.asp |archive-date=November 7, 2004 }}</ref> and the opening of the new [[Gunningsville Bridge]] to Riverview in 2005.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gunningsville Bridge opens to traffic (05/11/19) |url=http://www.gnb.ca/cnb/news/tran/2005e1581tr.htm |publisher=Communications New Brunswick |date=November 19, 2005 |access-date=July 15, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514164213/http://www.gnb.ca/cnb/news/tran/2005e1581tr.htm |archive-date=May 14, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2002, Moncton became Canada's first officially bilingual city.<ref name="Bilingual">{{cite news|title=Moncton votes to become Canada's first bilingual city |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/moncton-votes-to-become-canada-s-first-bilingual-city-1.333298 |publisher=[[CBC News]] |date=August 7, 2002 |access-date=June 25, 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016000635/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2002/08/07/moncton_biling020807.html |archive-date=October 16, 2006 }}</ref> In the 2006 census, it was designated a [[Census Metropolitan Area]] and became New Brunswick's largest metropolitan area.<ref name=statcan2006CMA>{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMA&Code1=305__&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=|title=2006 Community Profiles|work=[[Statistics Canada]]|year=2006|access-date=July 20, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208232043/http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMA&Code1=305__&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=|archive-date=December 8, 2007|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 1 January 2023, Moncton annexed an area including Charles Lutes Road and Zack Road.<ref>{{cite web |title=Local Governments Establishment Regulation – Local Governance Act |url=https://laws.gnb.ca/en/showfulldoc/cr/2022-50 |website=Government of New Brunswick |access-date=11 January 2023 |date=12 October 2022 |archive-date=November 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129144519/https://laws.gnb.ca/en/showfulldoc/cr/2022-50// |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="GovRefMapRSC7">{{cite web |title=RSC 7 Southeast Regional Service Commission |url=https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/corporate/promo/local-governance/maps/RSC7.html |website=Government of New Brunswick |date=January 31, 2022 |access-date=17 January 2023 |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118012940/https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/corporate/promo/local-governance/maps/RSC7.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Moncton aerial 3847.jpg|thumb|Moncton is located along the north bank of the [[Petitcodiac River]], at a point where the river bends acutely from a west–east to north–south flow.]]
Moncton lies in southeastern [[New Brunswick]], at the geographic centre of the [[The Maritimes|Maritime Provinces]]. The city is along the north bank of the Petitcodiac River at a point where the river bends acutely from west−east to north−south flow. This geographical feature has contributed significantly to historical names for the community. ''Petitcodiac'' in the [[Mi'kmaq language]] has been translated as "bends like a bow". The early Acadian settlers in the region named their community ''Le Coude'' ("the elbow").<ref name="Moncton Article" /> Subsequent English immigrants changed the settlement's name to The Bend of the Petitcodiac (or simply "The Bend").<ref name="Moncton Article" />

The Petitcodiac river valley at Moncton is broad and relatively flat, bounded by a long ridge to the north (Lutes Mountain) and by the rugged Caledonia Highlands to the south. Moncton lies at the original head of navigation on the river, but a causeway to Riverview, constructed in 1968, resulted in extensive [[sedimentation]] of the river channel downstream and rendered the Moncton area of the waterway unnavigable.<ref name="Moncton Article" /> On April 14, 2010, the causeway gates were opened in an effort to restore the silt-laden river.<ref name="After 42 Years...">{{cite web|url=http://telegraphjournal.canadaeast.com/search/article/1017959|title=After 42 Years, a River Finally Runs Through it|year=2010|access-date=March 15, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513162532/http://telegraphjournal.canadaeast.com/search/article/1017959|archive-date=May 13, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Tidal bore===
[[file:Surfing the Tidal Bore.jpg|thumb|Close-up of a [[tidal bore]] on the Petitcodiac River in Moncton. The River exhibits one of North America's few examples of a tidal bore.]]
The Petitcodiac River exhibits one of North America's few [[tidal bore]]s: a regularly occurring wave that travels up the river on the leading edge of the incoming tide. The bore is a result of the [[Bay of Fundy]]'s extreme tides. Originally, the bore was very impressive, sometimes between {{convert|1|and|2|m}} high and extending across the {{convert|1|km}} width of the Petitcodiac River in the Moncton area. This wave occurred twice a day at high tide, travelling at an average speed of {{convert|13|km/h|abbr=on}} and producing an audible roar.<ref name="The Tidal Bore">{{cite web |url=http://www.legionmagazine.com/en/index.php/2000/11/the-tidal-bore/ |title=Legion Magazine : The Tidal Bore |year=2000 |work=Legion Magazine |access-date=June 26, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511112002/http://www.legionmagazine.com/en/index.php/2000/11/the-tidal-bore/ |archive-date=May 11, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The "bore" became a very popular early tourist attraction for the city, but when the Petitcodiac causeway was built in the 1960s, the river channel quickly silted in and reduced the bore so that it rarely exceeded {{convert|15|to|20|cm}} in height.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legionmagazine.com/en/index.php/2000/11/the-tidal-bore/ |title=Info on the Tidal bore in Moncton |date=March 13, 2007 |work=Legion Magazine |access-date=June 26, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511112002/http://www.legionmagazine.com/en/index.php/2000/11/the-tidal-bore/ |archive-date=May 11, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> In April 2010, the causeway gates were opened in an effort to restore the silt-laden river.<ref name="After 42 Years..."/> A recent tidal bore since the opening of the causeway gates measured a {{convert|2|ft|m|adj=mid|-high}} wave, unseen for many years.<ref name="Tidal Bore Makes Waves">{{cite web|url=http://timestranscript.canadaeast.com/front/article/1031687|title=Tidal Bore Makes Waves|year=2010|access-date=March 27, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501122518/http://timestranscript.canadaeast.com/front/article/1031687|archive-date=May 1, 2010}}</ref>

===Climate===
{{Main|Climate of Moncton}}
Despite being less than {{convert|50|km|0|abbr=on}} from the [[Bay of Fundy]] and less than {{convert|30|km|0|abbr=on}} from the [[Northumberland Strait]], the climate tends to be more continental than maritime during the summer and winter seasons, with maritime influences somewhat tempering the transitional seasons of spring and autumn.<ref name="weather_of_moncton">{{cite web|url=http://atlantic-web1.ns.ec.gc.ca/climatecentre/default.asp?lang=En&n=7A6129C7-1|title=Moncton Climate data |date=March 13, 2007 |work=[[Environment Canada]], Climate of New Brunswick Report |access-date=July 3, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070603042617/http://atlantic-web1.ns.ec.gc.ca/climatecentre/default.asp?lang=En&n=7A6129C7-1 |archive-date=June 3, 2007}}</ref>

[[File:Joseph Salter - Resurgo - by Claude Roussel.jpg|thumb|Hoar frost on a chilly mid-winter morning in Moncton's Bore Park. The mean daily minimum in January is about {{Convert|-13|C}}.]]
Moncton has a warm summer [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfb'') with uniform precipitation distribution. Winter days are typically cold but sunny, with solar radiation generating some warmth. Daytime high temperatures usually range a few degrees below the freezing point. Major snowfalls can result from [[Nor'easter]] ocean storms moving up the east coast of North America.<ref name="Nor'easters">{{cite web |url=http://www3.cet.edu/weather2/h17.html |title=Nor'easters |date=March 13, 2007 |work=[[Wheeling Jesuit University]] |access-date=July 18, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626044252/http://www3.cet.edu/weather2/h17.html |archive-date=June 26, 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

These major snowfalls typically average 20–30 cm (8–12 in) and are frequently mixed with rain or freezing rain. Spring is often delayed because the [[sea ice]] that forms in the nearby [[Gulf of St. Lawrence]] during the winter requires time to melt, and this cools onshore winds, which can extend inland as far as Moncton. The ice burden in the gulf has diminished considerably over the last decade,<ref>{{cite web |title=Global warming disaster as thousands of harp seal pups perish: Experts call for annual seal hunt to be cancelled |url=http://www.ifaw.org/ifaw/general/default.aspx?oid=209471 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080207073200/http://www.ifaw.org/ifaw/general/default.aspx?oid=209471 |archive-date=February 7, 2008 |publisher=[[International Fund for Animal Welfare]]|access-date=January 24, 2009}}</ref> and the springtime cooling effect has weakened as a result. Daytime temperatures above freezing are typical by late February. Trees are usually in full leaf by May.<ref name="airport">{{cite web |url=http://www.climate.weatheroffice.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_e.html?stnID=6207&lang=e&dCode=1&StationName=MONCTON&SearchType=Contains&province=ALL&provBut=&month1=0&month2=12 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121216042553/http://www.climate.weatheroffice.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_e.html?stnID=6207&lang=e&dCode=1&StationName=MONCTON&SearchType=Contains&province=ALL&provBut=&month1=0&month2=12 |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 16, 2012 |title=Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000, Moncton Airport |publisher=Environment Canada |access-date=March 24, 2012 }} </ref>

Summers are warm, sometimes hot, and can be somewhat humid due to the seasonal prevailing westerly winds strengthening the climate's continental tendencies.<ref name="weather_of_moncton" /> Daytime highs sometimes reach more than 30 °C (86 °F). Rainfall is generally modest, especially in late July and August, and short periods of drought occur on occasion.<ref name="airport" /> Autumn daytime temperatures remain mild until late October.<ref name="weather_of_moncton" />

First snowfalls usually occur in late November and consistent snow cover on the ground happen in late December. New Brunswick's Fundy coast occasionally experiences the effects of post-tropical storms.<ref name="airport" /> The stormiest weather of the year, with the greatest precipitation and the strongest winds, usually occurs during the fall/winter transition (November to mid-January).<ref name="airport" />

The highest temperature ever recorded in Moncton was {{convert|37.8|C|0}} on August 18 and 19, 1935.<ref name= "Daily Temperature August 1935">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jlXAL5arzOwC&q=editions:OCLC2927672
| title = Monthly Record, Meteorological Observations in Canada
| date = 1935
| access-date = November 15, 2016
| archive-date = November 7, 2021
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211107095825/https://books.google.com/books?id=jlXAL5arzOwC&q=editions%3AOCLC2927672
| url-status = live
}}</ref> The coldest ever recorded was {{convert|-37.8|C|0}} on February 5, 1948.<ref name="Canadian Climate Normals"/>

{{Weather box
| collapsed =
| location = Moncton, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1881–present
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 17.2
| Feb record high C = 18.0
| Mar record high C = 26.1
| Apr record high C = 29.0
| May record high C = 34.5
| Jun record high C = 34.4
| Jul record high C = 36.1
| Aug record high C = 37.8
| Sep record high C = 35.0
| Oct record high C = 28.3
| Nov record high C = 23.0
| Dec record high C = 18.3
|year record high C = 37.8
| Jan high C = -3.2
| Feb high C = -1.7
| Mar high C = 2.7
| Apr high C = 9.0
| May high C = 16.5
| Jun high C = 21.9
| Jul high C = 25.3
| Aug high C = 24.7
| Sep high C = 20.0
| Oct high C = 13.2
| Nov high C = 6.4
| Dec high C = -0.1
|year high C = 11.2
| Jan mean C = −8.2
| Feb mean C = -7.0
| Mar mean C = -2.3
| Apr mean C = 4.2
| May mean C = 10.7
| Jun mean C = 16.0
| Jul mean C = 19.5
| Aug mean C = 19.0
| Sep mean C = 14.5
| Oct mean C = 8.3
| Nov mean C = 2.5
| Dec mean C = -4.3
|year mean C = 6.1
| Jan low C = -13.1
| Feb low C = -12.2
| Mar low C = -7.2
| Apr low C = -0.7
| May low C = 4.9
| Jun low C = 10.0
| Jul low C = 13.7
| Aug low C = 13.2
| Sep low C = 8.9
| Oct low C = 3.3
| Nov low C = -1.5
| Dec low C = -8.4
|year low C = 0.9
| Jan record low C = -36.7
| Feb record low C = -37.8
| Mar record low C = -31.7
| Apr record low C = -17.8
| May record low C = -7.2
| Jun record low C = -3.9
| Jul record low C = 0.0
| Aug record low C = -1.1
| Sep record low C = -6.1
| Oct record low C = -9.4
| Nov record low C = -21.1
| Dec record low C = -34.4
|year record low C = -37.8
|precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 97.7
| Feb precipitation mm = 84.0
| Mar precipitation mm = 105.9
| Apr precipitation mm = 92.0
| May precipitation mm = 101.7
| Jun precipitation mm = 88.0
| Jul precipitation mm = 84.8
| Aug precipitation mm = 76.6
| Sep precipitation mm = 93.7
| Oct precipitation mm = 105.9
| Nov precipitation mm = 93.8
| Dec precipitation mm = 100.0
| year precipitation mm = 1124.0
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 30.3
|Feb rain mm = 30.2
|Mar rain mm = 47.4
|Apr rain mm = 63.4
|May rain mm = 96.8
|Jun rain mm = 88.0
|Jul rain mm = 84.8
|Aug rain mm = 76.6
|Sep rain mm = 93.7
|Oct rain mm = 104.6
|Nov rain mm = 77.1
|Dec rain mm = 49.1
|year rain mm = 842.0
|snow colour = green
|Jan snow cm = 67.4
|Feb snow cm = 53.8
|Mar snow cm = 58.5
|Apr snow cm = 28.5
|May snow cm = 4.9
|Jun snow cm = 0.0
|Jul snow cm = 0.0
|Aug snow cm = 0.0
|Sep snow cm = 0.0
|Oct snow cm = 1.3
|Nov snow cm = 16.7
|Dec snow cm = 50.8
|year snow cm = 282.0
|unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 14.6
|Feb precipitation days = 11.8
|Mar precipitation days = 13.6
|Apr precipitation days = 14.2
|May precipitation days = 14.8
|Jun precipitation days = 13.4
|Jul precipitation days = 12.5
|Aug precipitation days = 10.9
|Sep precipitation days = 11.4
|Oct precipitation days = 13.1
|Nov precipitation days = 15.3
|Dec precipitation days = 15.3
|year precipitation days = 160.8
|unit rain days = 0.2 mm
|Jan rain days = 4.8
|Feb rain days = 4.3
|Mar rain days = 7.0
|Apr rain days = 11.3
|May rain days = 14.6
|Jun rain days = 13.4
|Jul rain days = 12.5
|Aug rain days = 10.9
|Sep rain days = 11.4
|Oct rain days = 12.9
|Nov rain days = 12.6
|Dec rain days = 7.1
|year rain days = 122.8
|unit snow days = 0.2 cm
|Jan snow days = 11.7
|Feb snow days = 9.1
|Mar snow days = 8.7
|Apr snow days = 5.2
|May snow days = 0.75
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.36
|Nov snow days = 4.3
|Dec snow days = 10.1
|year snow days = 50.1
| source 1 = [[Environment Canada]]<ref name= "Canadian Climate Normals">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=6206&autofwd=1
| title = Moncton, NB
| work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010
|date = September 25, 2013| access-date = March 19, 2016
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170517092729/http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=6206&autofwd=1
| archive-date = May 17, 2017
| url-status = live
}}</ref><ref name="Sep 2010">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1881-07-01%7C2013-09-04&mlyRange=1881-01-01%7C2006-02-01&StationID=6206&Prov=NB&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&selRowPerPage=25&Line=0&searchMethod=contains&Month=9&Day=26&txtStationName=moncton&timeframe=2&Year=2010
| title = Daily Data Report for September 2010
| work = Canadian Climate Data
|date = October 31, 2011| access-date = June 26, 2016
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160812175406/http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1881-07-01%7C2013-09-04&mlyRange=1881-01-01%7C2006-02-01&StationID=6206&Prov=NB&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&selRowPerPage=25&Line=0&searchMethod=contains&Month=9&Day=26&txtStationName=moncton&timeframe=2&Year=2010
| archive-date = August 12, 2016
| url-status = live
}}</ref><ref name="Mar 2012">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=1953-01-01%7C2012-06-07&dlyRange=1939-12-01%7C2012-06-10&mlyRange=1939-01-01%7C2012-06-01&StationID=6207&Prov=NB&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&selRowPerPage=25&Line=2&searchMethod=contains&Month=3&Day=26&txtStationName=moncton&timeframe=2&Year=2012
| title = Daily Data report for March 2012
| work = Canadian Climate Data
|date = October 31, 2011 |access-date = June 26, 2016
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160812175137/http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=1953-01-01%7C2012-06-07&dlyRange=1939-12-01%7C2012-06-10&mlyRange=1939-01-01%7C2012-06-01&StationID=6207&Prov=NB&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&selRowPerPage=25&Line=2&searchMethod=contains&Month=3&Day=26&txtStationName=moncton&timeframe=2&Year=2012
| archive-date = August 12, 2016
| url-status = live
}}</ref><ref name= "Daily Temperature August 1935"/>
| date = August 2010
}}
{{Weather box
|collapsed = yes
|location = [[Greater Moncton Roméo LeBlanc International Airport]], 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1939–present
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y

|Jan maximum humidex = 20.1
|Feb maximum humidex = 16.3
|Mar maximum humidex = 28.5
|Apr maximum humidex = 30.0
|May maximum humidex = 37.6
|Jun maximum humidex = 40.9
|Jul maximum humidex = 43.7
|Aug maximum humidex = 44.5
|Sep maximum humidex = 40.9
|Oct maximum humidex = 33.0
|Nov maximum humidex = 28.2
|Dec maximum humidex = 20.3
|year maximum humidex = 44.5

|Jan record high C = 16.1
|Feb record high C = 15.3
|Mar record high C = 26.1
|Apr record high C = 28.5
|May record high C = 34.2
|Jun record high C = 35.6
|Jul record high C = 35.6
|Aug record high C = 37.2
|Sep record high C = 34.1
|Oct record high C = 30.4
|Nov record high C = 23.7
|Dec record high C = 17.8
|year record high C = 37.2

|Jan high C = -3.5
|Feb high C = -2.5
|Mar high C = 2.2
|Apr high C = 8.6
|May high C = 16.1
|Jun high C = 21.3
|Jul high C = 25.1
|Aug high C = 24.7
|Sep high C = 20.2
|Oct high C = 13.2
|Nov high C = 6.3
|Dec high C = 0.0
|year high C =

|Jan mean C = -8.4
|Feb mean C = -7.6
|Mar mean C = -2.6
|Apr mean C = 3.6
|May mean C = 10.0
|Jun mean C = 15.3
|Jul mean C = 19.3
|Aug mean C = 18.7
|Sep mean C = 14.2
|Oct mean C = 8.1
|Nov mean C = 2.1
|Dec mean C = -4.4
|year mean C =

|Jan low C = -13.3
|Feb low C = -12.7
|Mar low C = -7.4
|Apr low C = -1.5
|May low C = 3.9
|Jun low C = 9.2
|Jul low C = 13.4
|Aug low C = 12.7
|Sep low C = 8.1
|Oct low C = 2.9
|Nov low C = -2.2
|Dec low C = -8.7
|year low C =

|Jan record low C = −32.2
|Feb record low C = −31.7
|Mar record low C = −27.4
|Apr record low C = −16.1
|May record low C = −6.1
|Jun record low C = −2.1
|Jul record low C = 1.2
|Aug record low C = 0.6
|Sep record low C = −3.3
|Oct record low C = −10.0
|Nov record low C = −17.4
|Dec record low C = −29.0
|year record low C = −32.2

|Jan chill = -49.4
|Feb chill = -46.0
|Mar chill = -39.3
|Apr chill = -27.7
|May chill = -12.6
|Jun chill = -4.9
|Jul chill = 0.0
|Aug chill = 0.0
|Sep chill = -9.0
|Oct chill = -14.7
|Nov chill = -27.1
|Dec chill = -43.5
|year chill = -49.4

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 102.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 87.7
|Mar precipitation mm = 110.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 94.2
|May precipitation mm = 98.4
|Jun precipitation mm = 95.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 87.1
|Aug precipitation mm = 77.2
|Sep precipitation mm = 102.9
|Oct precipitation mm = 123.5
|Nov precipitation mm = 108.5
|Dec precipitation mm = 115.2
|year precipitation mm =

|unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 16.9
|Feb precipitation days = 13.6
|Mar precipitation days = 14.8
|Apr precipitation days = 15.1
|May precipitation days = 16.1
|Jun precipitation days = 15.3
|Jul precipitation days = 14.5
|Aug precipitation days = 11.9
|Sep precipitation days = 12.0
|Oct precipitation days = 14.1
|Nov precipitation days = 15.5
|Dec precipitation days = 16.4
|year precipitation days =

|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 31.4
|Feb rain mm = 25.8
|Mar rain mm = 49.7
|Apr rain mm = 60.7
|May rain mm = 96.0
|Jun rain mm = 95.1
|Jul rain mm = 87.1
|Aug rain mm = 77.2
|Sep rain mm = 102.9
|Oct rain mm = 121.7
|Nov rain mm = 88.1
|Dec rain mm = 56.4
|year rain mm =

|unit rain days = 0.2 mm
|Jan rain days = 6.0
|Feb rain days = 4.4
|Mar rain days = 8.0
|Apr rain days = 12.2
|May rain days = 16.0
|Jun rain days = 15.3
|Jul rain days = 14.5
|Aug rain days = 11.9
|Sep rain days = 12.0
|Oct rain days = 14.0
|Nov rain days = 12.5
|Dec rain days = 8.7
|year rain days =

|snow colour = green
|Jan snow cm = 73.9
|Feb snow cm = 65.0
|Mar snow cm = 60.3
|Apr snow cm = 29.2
|May snow cm = 2.3
|Jun snow cm = 0.0
|Jul snow cm = 0.0
|Aug snow cm = 0.0
|Sep snow cm = 0.0
|Oct snow cm = 1.6
|Nov snow cm = 18.7
|Dec snow cm = 59.0
|year snow cm = 310.0

|unit snow days = 0.2 cm
|Jan snow days = 15.0
|Feb snow days = 12.4
|Mar snow days = 11.4
|Apr snow days = 6.5
|May snow days = 0.76
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.43
|Nov snow days = 5.7
|Dec snow days = 12.1
|year snow days = 64.3

|time day = 15:00 LST
|Jan humidity = 70.7
|Feb humidity = 66.3
|Mar humidity = 63.3
|Apr humidity = 60.2
|May humidity = 58.3
|Jun humidity = 59.2
|Jul humidity = 60.5
|Aug humidity = 59.2
|Sep humidity = 60.7
|Oct humidity = 63.6
|Nov humidity = 70.9
|Dec humidity = 74.5
|year humidity =

|Jan sun = 116.2
|Feb sun = 124.3
|Mar sun = 139.9
|Apr sun = 165.6
|May sun = 207.5
|Jun sun = 232.8
|Jul sun = 256.3
|Aug sun = 241.1
|Sep sun = 173.3
|Oct sun = 149.4
|Nov sun = 95.1
|Dec sun = 101.1
|year sun = 2002.2

|Jan percentsun = 41.3
|Feb percentsun = 42.7
|Mar percentsun = 37.9
|Apr percentsun = 40.8
|May percentsun = 44.8
|Jun percentsun = 49.4
|Jul percentsun = 53.8
|Aug percentsun = 55.0
|Sep percentsun = 45.9
|Oct percentsun = 44.0
|Nov percentsun = 33.4
|Dec percentsun = 37.5
|year percentsun = 43.9


|Jan avg record high C= 9.7
|Feb avg record high C= 8.1
|Mar avg record high C= 12.0
|Apr avg record high C= 20.4
|May avg record high C= 26.9
|Jun avg record high C= 30.0
|Jul avg record high C= 31.1
|Aug avg record high C= 30.9
|Sep avg record high C= 28.1
|Oct avg record high C= 22.2
|Nov avg record high C= 17.3
|Dec avg record high C= 12.0
|year avg record high C= 32.6
|Jan avg record low C= -24.2
|Feb avg record low C= -23.4
|Mar avg record low C= -18.2
|Apr avg record low C= -8.1
|May avg record low C= -1.9
|Jun avg record low C= 2.1
|Jul avg record low C= 7.8
|Aug avg record low C= 6.6
|Sep avg record low C= 0.5
|Oct avg record low C= -4.2
|Nov avg record low C= -11.2
|Dec avg record low C= -19.2
|year avg record low C= -25.3
|Jan dew point C= -11.4
|Feb dew point C= -11.0
|Mar dew point C= -7.0
|Apr dew point C= -1.6
|May dew point C= 4.6
|Jun dew point C= 10.3
|Jul dew point C= 14.5
|Aug dew point C= 14.0
|Sep dew point C= 10.4
|Oct dew point C= 4.4
|Nov dew point C= -1.0
|Dec dew point C= -6.7
|year dew point C= 1.7

|source 1 = [[Environment Canada]]<ref name = ECCC>
{{cite web
|url = https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnProv&lstProvince=NB&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=20000000&dispBack=0
|publisher = Environment and Climate Change Canada
|title = Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2020
|access-date = June 12, 2024
}}
</ref><ref name="CCN">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=6207&lang=e&dCode=1&province=NB&provBut=Go&month1=0&month2=12
| title = Moncton A
| work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010
|date = October 31, 2011 |access-date = May 12, 2014
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140512221228/http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=6207&lang=e&dCode=1&province=NB&provBut=Go&month1=0&month2=12
| archive-date = May 12, 2014
| url-status = live
}}</ref><ref name="October 2025">
{{cite web
|url = https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=2012-06-04%7C2025-11-22&dlyRange=2012-06-07%7C2025-11-21&mlyRange=%7C&StationID=50309&Prov=NB&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2025&selRowPerPage=25&Line=3&searchMethod=contains&txtStationName=moncton&timeframe=2&Day=22&Year=2025&Month=10#
|publisher = Environment and Climate Change Canada
|title = Daily Data Report for October 2025
|access-date = 23 November 2025
}}
</ref>
| date = August 2010
|source 2= weatherstats.ca (for dewpoint and monthly&yearly average absolute maximum&minimum temperature)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://moncton.weatherstats.ca/charts/ |title=Moncton|work= List of charts for Moncton |date=February 7, 2026 |publisher=weatherstats.ca |access-date=February 7, 2026}}</ref>
}}

==Cityscape==
[[File:MonctonSkylineb.jpg|thumb|The skyline of [[Downtown Moncton]], with the [[Bell Aliant Tower]] to the right.]]
{{See also|List of tallest buildings in Moncton}}
Moncton generally remains a "low rise" city, but its skyline encompasses buildings and structures with varying architectural styles from many periods. The city's most dominant structure is the [[Bell Aliant Tower]], a {{convert|127|m|ft|adj=on}} [[microwave communications]] tower built in 1971. When it was constructed, it was the tallest microwave communications tower of its kind in North America. It remains the tallest structure in Atlantic Canada,<ref>{{cite web |title=Bell Aliant Tower |url=https://www.mycityhunt.com/cities/moncton-ca-18681/poi/bell-aliant-tower-136712 |website=myCityHunt |access-date=20 March 2026}}</ref> dwarfing the neighbouring Place L'Assomption by {{convert|46|m}}.<ref name="Bell Aliant Tower">{{cite web |url=http://www.historicplaces.ca/visit-visite/com-ful_e.aspx?id=5386 |title=Bell Aliant Tower |date=April 20, 2007 |work=Canada's Historic Places |access-date=July 25, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927003109/http://www.historicplaces.ca/visit-visite/com-ful_e.aspx?id=5386 |archive-date=September 27, 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Assumption Place]] is a 20-story office building and the headquarters of [[Assumption Life|Assumption Mutual Life Insurance]]. This building is {{convert|81|m}} tall and tied with Brunswick Square ([[Saint John, New Brunswick|Saint John]]) as the tallest building in the province.<ref name="NB Diagrams">{{cite web |url=http://www.assumption.ca/English/press/details.cfm?id=105 |title=Assumption Life and the Drop Zone Create Some Extreme Thrills |date=August 31, 2006 |work=Assumption Life |access-date=May 4, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510083351/http://www.assumption.ca/English/press/details.cfm?id=105 |archive-date=May 10, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Blue Cross Centre]] is a nine-story building in [[Downtown Moncton]]. It is architecturally distinctive, encompasses a full city block, and is the city's largest office building by square footage.<ref name="Blue Cross">{{cite web |url=http://www.fortisproperties.com/en/home/realestate/ourproperties/blue_cross_centre.aspx |title=Blue Cross Centre |date=April 20, 2006 |work=[[Fortis Inc.]] |access-date=July 25, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208232036/http://www.fortisproperties.com/en/home/realestate/ourproperties/blue_cross_centre.aspx |archive-date=December 8, 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> It is the home of [[Medavie Blue Cross]] and the [[Moncton Public Library]]. There are about a half dozen other buildings in Moncton between eight and 12 stories, including the Delta Beausejour and Brunswick Crowne Plaza Hotels and the Terminal Plaza office complex.
[[File:Autumninmoncton.JPG|thumb|[[Centennial Park (Moncton)|Centennial Park]] is one of several public parks managed by the city.]]

===Urban parks===
The most popular park in the area is [[Centennial Park (Moncton)|Centennial Park]] which has lighted cross country skiing and hiking trails, the city's largest playground, lawn bowling and tennis facilities, a boating pond, a treetop adventure course, and Rocky Stone Field, a city owned 2,500 seat football stadium with artificial turf, and home to the Moncton Minor Football Association.<ref name="Centennial Park">{{cite web |url=http://www.moncton.ca/Page2162.aspx |title=Centennial Park |date=April 6, 2008 |work=www.moncton.ca |access-date=May 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331095930/http://www.moncton.ca/page2162.aspx |archive-date=March 31, 2016 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The city's other main parks are [[Mapleton Park]] in the city's north end, [[Irishtown Nature Park]] (one of the largest urban nature parks in Canada) and St. Anselme Park (located in [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]]).<ref name="Community Parks"/>

The numerous neighbourhood parks throughout the [[metro Moncton]] area include Bore View Park (which overlooks the Petitcodiac River), and the downtown [[Victoria Park, New Brunswick|Victoria Park]], which features a [[bandshell]], flower gardens, fountain, and the city's [[cenotaph]].<ref name="Community Parks">{{cite web |url=http://www.moncton.ca/Page2196.aspx |title=Community Parks |date=April 6, 2008 |work=www.moncton.ca |access-date=May 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308084832/http://www.moncton.ca/page2196.aspx |archive-date=March 8, 2016 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}}</ref> There is an extensive system of hiking and biking trails in [[Metro Moncton]]. The [[Riverfront Trail, Greater Moncton|Riverfront Trail]] is part of the [[Trans Canada Trail]] system, and various monuments and pavilions can be found along its length.<ref>Merlin 4</ref>

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
| title = Historical population
| type = CA
|align = right
| width =
| state =
| shading = on
| pop_name =
| percentages =
| footnote =
| source =
|1861 |1396
|1871 |600
|1881 |5032
|1891 |8762
|1901 |9026
|[[Canada 1911 Census|1911]] |11345
|1921 |17488
|1931 |20689
|1941 |22763
|1951 |27334
|1956 |36003
|1961 |43840
|1966 |45847
|1971 |54864
|1976 |55934
|1981 |54741
|1986 |55468
|1991 |56823
|[[Canada 1996 Census|1996]] |59313
|[[Canada 2001 Census|2001]] |61046
|[[Canada 2006 Census|2006]] |64128
|[[Canada 2011 Census|2011]] |69074
|[[Canada 2016 Census|2016]] |71889
|[[Canada 2021 Census|2021]] |79470
|}}

In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], the City of Moncton had a population of {{val|79470|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|35118|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|37318|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:79470-71889}}|71889|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|71889|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|140.67|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|79470|140.67|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000203&geocode=A000213 |title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), New Brunswick |publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] |date=February 9, 2022 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-date=February 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206222305/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000203&geocode=A000213 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Moncton's urban area (''population centre'') had a population of {{val|119785|fmt=commas}} living in an area of {{convert|110.73|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. Residents lived in 51,830 dwellings out of the 54,519 total private dwellings.<ref name="auto1"/>

[[Greater Moncton]], the Census Metropolitan Area (CMA), had a population of {{val|157717|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|67179|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|70460|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings; a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:157717-144810}}|144810|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|144810|fmt=commas}}. The CMA includes the neighbouring city of [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]] and the town of [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]], as well as adjacent suburban areas in [[Westmorland County, New Brunswick|Westmorland]] and [[Albert County, New Brunswick|Albert]] counties.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page_Hier1.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMA&Code1=305__&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=|title=Geographical hierarchy|work=[[Statistics Canada]]|date=January 19, 2009|access-date=January 24, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219033818/http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page_Hier1.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMA&Code1=305__&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=|archive-date=February 19, 2012}}</ref> With a land area of {{convert|2562.47|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|157717|2562.47|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021censusCMA>{{cite web |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000501 |title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations |publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] |date=February 9, 2022 |access-date=March 28, 2022 |archive-date=March 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327085922/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000501 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Moncton's urban area is the third largest in Atlantic Canada, after [[Halifax, Nova Scotia]], and [[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador]], and the second largest in [[The Maritimes]].

In 2016, the median age in Moncton was 41.4, close to the national median age of 41.2.

The [[2021 Canadian census|2021 census]] reported that [[Immigration to Canada|immigrants]] (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 8,460 persons or 10.9% of the total population of Moncton. Of the total immigrant population, the top countries of origin were Philippines (795 persons or 9.4%), India (655 persons or 7.7%), United States of America (555 persons or 6.6%), China (475 persons or 5.6%), Nigeria (470 persons or 5.6%), United Kingdom (395 persons or 4.7%), Syria (385 persons or 4.6%), South Korea (380 persons or 4.5%), France (290 persons or 3.4%), and Democratic Republic of the Congo (270 persons or 3.2%).<ref name="2021censusB"/>

=== Ethnicity ===
In 2021, approximately 82.4% of Moncton's residents were of European ancestry. 14.9% were visible minorities and 2.7% were Indigenous.<ref name="2021censusB"/> The largest ethnic minority groups in Moncton were Black (5.3%), South Asian (3.0%), Arab (1.5%), Filipino (1.3%), Chinese (0.9%), Southeast Asian (0.8%), Korean (0.7%), and Latin American (0.7%).<ref name="2021censusB"/>

{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ [[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] groups in the City of Moncton (2001−2021)
! rowspan="2" |[[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] group
! colspan="2" |2021<ref name="2021censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Moncton&DGUIDlist=2021A00051307022&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&HEADERlist=0 |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=June 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616223610/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Moncton&DGUIDlist=2021A00051307022&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&HEADERlist=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2016<ref name="2016censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2021-10-27 |title=Census Profile, 2016 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Geo2=CD&Code2=1307&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=June 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616223613/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Geo2=CD&Code2=1307&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="2011censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2015-11-27 |title=NHS Profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Data=Count&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=June 21, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621181202/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Data=Count&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2006<ref name="2006censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-08-20 |title=2006 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=June 21, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621181210/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref name="2001censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-07-02 |title=2001 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=June 21, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621181208/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=Moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
![[Population (human biology)|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[European Canadians|European]]{{efn|Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.|name=euro}}
| 63,780
| {{Percentage | 63780 | 77405 | 2 }}
| 63,130
| {{Percentage | 63130 | 70115 | 2 }}
| 62,730
| {{Percentage | 62730 | 67450 | 2 }}
| 60,575
| {{Percentage | 60575 | 62965 | 2 }}
| 58,450
| {{Percentage | 58450 | 60080 | 2 }}
|-
| [[African-Canadian|African]]
| 4,075
| {{Percentage | 4075 | 77405 | 2 }}
| 1,830
| {{Percentage | 1830 | 70115 | 2 }}
| 1,180
| {{Percentage | 1180 | 67450 | 2 }}
| 710
| {{Percentage | 710 | 62965 | 2 }}
| 555
| {{Percentage | 555 | 60080 | 2 }}
|-
| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
| 2,310
| {{Percentage | 2310 | 77405 | 2 }}
| 330
| {{Percentage | 330 | 70115 | 2 }}
| 490
| {{Percentage | 490 | 67450 | 2 }}
| 265
| {{Percentage | 265 | 62965 | 2 }}
| 145
| {{Percentage | 145 | 60080 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]
| 2,080
| {{Percentage | 2080 | 77405 | 2 }}
| 1,795
| {{Percentage | 1795 | 70115 | 2 }}
| 1,415
| {{Percentage | 1415 | 67450 | 2 }}
| 640
| {{Percentage | 640 | 62965 | 2 }}
| 470
| {{Percentage | 470 | 60080 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Southeast Asia]]n{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.|name=SoutheastAsian}}
| 1,595
| {{Percentage | 1595 | 77405 | 2 }}
| 665
| {{Percentage | 665 | 70115 | 2 }}
| 505
| {{Percentage | 505 | 67450 | 2 }}
| 115
| {{Percentage | 115 | 62965 | 2 }}
| 95
| {{Percentage | 95 | 60080 | 2 }}
|-
| [[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.|name=EastAsian}}
| 1,300
| {{Percentage | 1300 | 77405 | 2 }}
| 1,085
| {{Percentage | 1085 | 70115 | 2 }}
| 690
| {{Percentage | 690 | 67450 | 2 }}
| 275
| {{Percentage | 275 | 62965 | 2 }}
| 215
| {{Percentage | 215 | 60080 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Middle Eastern Canadians|Middle Eastern]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.|name=MiddleEastern}}
| 1,260
| {{Percentage | 1260 | 77405 | 2 }}
| 950
| {{Percentage | 950 | 70115 | 2 }}
| 270
| {{Percentage | 270 | 67450 | 2 }}
| 185
| {{Percentage | 185 | 62965 | 2 }}
| 65
| {{Percentage | 65 | 60080 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
| 565
| {{Percentage | 565 | 77405 | 2 }}
| 195
| {{Percentage | 195 | 70115 | 2 }}
| 85
| {{Percentage | 85 | 67450 | 2 }}
| 55
| {{Percentage | 55 | 62965 | 2 }}
| 25
| {{Percentage | 25 | 60080 | 2 }}
|-
| Other/[[Multiracial people|multiracial]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, {{abbr|n.i.e.|not included elsewhere}}" and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.|name=Other}}
| 440
| {{Percentage | 440 | 77405 | 2 }}
| 135
| {{Percentage | 135 | 70115 | 2 }}
| 85
| {{Percentage | 85 | 67450 | 2 }}
| 150
| {{Percentage | 150 | 62965 | 2 }}
| 65
| {{Percentage | 65 | 60080 | 2 }}
|-
! Total responses
! 77,405
! {{Percentage | 77405 | 79470 | 2 }}
! 70,115
! {{Percentage | 70115 | 71889 | 2 }}
! 67,450
! {{Percentage | 67450 | 69074 | 2 }}
! 62,965
! {{Percentage | 62965 | 64128 | 2 }}
! 60,080
! {{Percentage | 60080 | 61046 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
! Total population
! 79,470
! {{Percentage | 79470 | 79470 | 2 }}
! 71,889
! {{Percentage | 71889 | 71889 | 2 }}
! 69,074
! {{Percentage | 69074 | 69074 | 2 }}
! 64,128
! {{Percentage | 64128 | 64128 | 2 }}
! 61,046
! {{Percentage | 61046 | 61046 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="11" | {{small|Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses}}
|}

=== Language ===
[[File:Moncton Welcome.JPG|thumb|A sign at the entrance of Moncton. Both [[Canadian English|English]] and French, the two most spoken languages in the city, are used on the sign.]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+Canada Census Mother Tongue - Moncton, New Brunswick <ref name=":0">{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?DGUIDlist=2021A00051307022&GENDERlist=1&HEADERlist=0&Lang=E&STATISTIClist=1&SearchText=Moncto | title=Profile table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population - Moncton, City (C) [Census subdivision], New Brunswick | date=February 9, 2022 | access-date=December 25, 2022 | archive-date=December 25, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225192307/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?DGUIDlist=2021A00051307022&GENDERlist=1&HEADERlist=0&Lang=E&STATISTIClist=1&SearchText=Moncto | url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
! Census
|
! Total
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|English}}
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|French}}
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|English & French}}
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|Other}}
|-
! Year
|
! Responses
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|-
| {{center|2021}}
|
| {{center|78,210}}
|
| 45,765
| {{increase}} 4.68%
| 58.52%
|
| 21,375
| {{decrease}} 0.95%
| 27.33%
|
| 2,230
| {{increase}} 79.12%
| 2.85%
|
| 8,470
| {{increase}} 51.36%
| 10.83%
|-
| {{center|2016}}
|
| {{center|70,670}}
|
| 43,720
| {{increase}} 1.60%
| 61.87%
|
| 21,580
| {{increase}} 1.43%
| 30.54%
|
| 1,245
| {{increase}} 15.81%
| 1.76%
|
| 4,120
| {{increase}} 61.57%
| 5.83%
|-
| {{center|2011}}
|
| {{center|67,930}}
|
| 43,030
| {{n/a}}
| 63.34%
|
| 21,275
| {{n/a}}
| 31.32%
|
| 1,075
| {{n/a}}
| 1.58%
|
| 2,550
| {{n/a}}
| 3.75%
|}

Moncton is a bilingual city, 58.5% of its residents having English as their mother tongue, while 27.3% have French, 2.9% learned both English and French as a first language, and 10.8% speak another language as their mother tongue.<ref name=":0" /> About 46% of the city population is [[bilingual]] and understands both English and French;<ref name="2011 Community Profiles">{{cite web |date=February 8, 2012 |title=2011 Community Profiles |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Geo2=CD&Code2=1307&Data=Count&SearchText=moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212192528/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1307022&Geo2=CD&Code2=1307&Data=Count&SearchText=moncton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |archive-date=February 12, 2015 |access-date=May 19, 2014 |work=[[Statistics Canada]]}}</ref> the only other Canadian cities that approach this level of linguistic duality are [[Ottawa]], [[Greater Sudbury|Sudbury]], and [[Montreal]]. Moncton became the first officially bilingual city in the country in 2002. This means that all municipal services, as well as public notices and information, are available in both French and English.<ref name="Bilingual" /> The adjacent city of [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]] is about 64% [[Francophone]] and has benefited from an ongoing rural depopulation of the [[Acadian Peninsula]] and areas in northern and eastern [[New Brunswick]].<ref name="2011 Community Profiles" /> The town of [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]] meanwhile is heavily (95%) [[English-speaking world|Anglophone]].<ref name="2011 Community Profiles" />

A total of 67% of its residents are fluent in English and 47% are fluent in French.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2024-02-28 |title=Participation in French immersion, bilingualism and the use of French in adulthood, 2021 |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/as-sa/98-200-X/2021018/98-200-X2021018-eng.cfm |access-date=2024-10-06 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>

Common non-official languages spoken as mother tongues are [[Arabic]] (1.4%), [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (0.7%), [[Chinese language|Chinese]] (0.7%), [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] (0.6%), [[Korean language|Korean]] (0.6%), [[Spanish language|Spanish]] (0.6%), [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]] (0.5%), and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] (0.5%). 1.2% of residents listed both English and a non-official language as mother tongues, while 0.4% listed both French and a non-official language.

=== Religion ===
In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 census]], religious groups in Moncton included:<ref name="2021censusB2">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=moncton&DGUIDlist=2021A00051307022&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=November 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112234641/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=moncton&DGUIDlist=2021A00051307022&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Christianity in Canada|Christianity]] (45,645 persons or 59.0%)
*[[Irreligion in Canada|Irreligion]] (26,615 persons or 34.4%)
*[[Islam in Canada|Islam]] (2,485 persons or 3.2%)
*[[Hinduism in Canada|Hinduism]] (995 persons or 1.3%)
*[[Sikhism in Canada|Sikhism]] (605 persons or 0.8%)
*[[Judaism in Canada|Judaism]] (205 persons or 0.3%)
*[[Buddhism in Canada|Buddhism]] (180 persons or 0.2%)
*[[Mythologies of the indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indigenous Spirituality]] (10 persons or <0.1%)
*Other (660 persons or 0.9%)

==Economy==
{{See also|List of companies headquartered in Moncton}}

[[File:Riverfront Park - 52027055643.jpg|thumb|The Blue Cross Centre is the headquarters for [[Medavie Blue Cross]]. A number of headquarters are located in Moncton.]]
The underpinnings of the local economy are based on Moncton's heritage as a commercial, distribution, transportation, and retailing centre. This is due to Moncton's central location in the Maritimes: it has the largest [[catchment area (human geography)|catchment area]] in Atlantic Canada with 1.6 million people living within a three-hour drive of the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Downtown Moncton at a Glance |publisher=DMCI |url=http://downtownmoncton.nb.ca/dmci.php |access-date=June 18, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414021508/http://www.downtownmoncton.nb.ca/dmci.php |archive-date=April 14, 2010 }}</ref> The insurance, information technology, educational, and health care sectors also are major factors in the local economy with the city's two hospitals alone employing over five thousand people, along with a growing high tech sector that includes companies such as Nanoptix,<ref>{{cite web |title=nanoptix |url=http://www.nanoptix.ca |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181231025332/http://nanoptix.ca/ |archive-date=December 31, 2018 |access-date=February 18, 2008 |publisher=nanoptix}}</ref> [[International Game Technology]], OAO Technology Solutions, BMM Test Labs, TrustMe,<ref>{{cite web |title=TrustMe |url=http://www.trustmesecurity.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221163917/http://www.trustmesecurity.com/ |archive-date=December 21, 2018 |access-date=February 19, 2008 |publisher=TrustMe Security}}</ref> and BelTek Systems Design.<ref name="TowardsaVision">{{cite web |title=The Greater Moncton Economy "Towards a Vision" |url=http://www.greatermoncton.org/uploadedfiles/Final%20Research%20Report(1).pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060505121840/http://www.greatermoncton.org/uploadedFiles/Final%20Research%20Report%281%29.pdf |archive-date=May 5, 2006 |access-date=June 18, 2007 |publisher=greatermoncton.org |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Moncton has garnered national attention because of the strength of its economy. The local unemployment rate averages around 6%, which is below the national average.<ref>{{cite web|title=Selected trend data for Moncton (CMA), 2006, 2001 and 1996 censuses|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/trends/Table_1.cfm?TID=0&T=CMA&PRCODE=13&GEOCODE=305&geosubCSD=Submit&GEOLVL=CMA|work=[[Statistics Canada]]|date=June 2008|access-date=January 14, 2009}} {{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In 2004 ''[[Canadian Business]]'' magazine named it "The best city for business in Canada",<ref>{{cite web|first=Andy |last=Holloway |title=The best cities for business in Canada |url=http://www.canadianbusiness.com/investing/article.jsp?content=20041122_63812_63812&page=1 |work=[[Canadian Business]] |date=November 2004 |access-date=June 25, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080205103702/http://www.canadianbusiness.com/investing/article.jsp?content=20041122_63812_63812&page=1 |archive-date=February 5, 2008 }}</ref> and in 2007 ''FDi'' magazine named it the fifth most business-friendly small-sized city in North America.<ref>{{cite web |title=Moncton ranked among most business-friendly cities, Times and Transcript May 9, 2007 |url=http://www.colliersmn.com/prod/cclod.nsf/city/7B608AE3E969EF80852572D6005B3C2C |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070927180118/http://www.colliersmn.com/prod/cclod.nsf/city/7B608AE3E969EF80852572D6005B3C2C |url-status=usurped |archive-date=September 27, 2007 |publisher=Colliers International|access-date=June 25, 2007}}</ref>

Moncton's high proportion of bilingual workers and its status as border-city between majority francophone and majority anglophone areas makes it an attractive centre for both federal employment and the stationing of call-centres for Canadian companies (who provide services in both languages). The city is home to the regional head offices for several Canadian federal agencies such as [[Correctional Service Canada]], [[Transport Canada]], the Gulf Fisheries Centre and the [[Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency]]. There are 37 [[call centre]]s in the city which employ over 5,000 people. Some of the larger centres include [[Asurion]], [[Numeris]], [[ExxonMobil]], [[Royal Bank of Canada]], [[Tangerine Bank]], [[United Parcel Service|UPS]], [[Fairmont Hotels & Resorts]], [[Rogers Communications]] and [[Nordia Inc.]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Colliers International (Atlantic) Inc. – Moncton |url=http://www.colliersmn.com/prod/cclod.nsf/city/F35DDD35924AE29585256D9C0065E75C?OpenDocument |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20060427211229/http://www.colliersmn.com/prod/cclod.nsf/city/F35DDD35924AE29585256D9C0065E75C?OpenDocument |archive-date=April 27, 2006 |access-date=June 18, 2007 |publisher=[[Colliers International]]}}</ref>

[[File:DowntownMoncton.jpg|thumb|Downtown Moncton acts as the central business district for the city. It houses a number of government and financial offices.]]
[[File:Magic mountain water park moncton.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Magnetic Hill (Moncton)|Magnetic Hill]] water park]]
A number of nationally or regionally prominent corporations have their head offices in Moncton including [[Atlantic Lottery Corporation]], [[Assumption Life]] Insurance, [[Medavie Blue Cross]] Insurance, [[Armour Transportation Systems]] and [[Major Drilling Group International]]. [[TD Bank]] announced in 2018 a new banking services centre to be located in Moncton which will employ over 1,000 people (including a previously announced customer contact centre).<ref>{{cite web|title=TD Bank announces new banking services centre in Moncton|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/new-brunswick-call-centre-jobs-td-moncton-1.4626202|access-date=May 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526212905/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/new-brunswick-call-centre-jobs-td-moncton-1.4626202|archive-date=May 26, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

Several arms of the [[JD Irving|Irving]] corporation have their head offices and/or major operations in greater Moncton. These include Midland Transport, Majesta/Royale Tissues, Irving Personal Care, Master Packaging, Brunswick News, and Cavendish Farms. Kent Building Supplies (an Irving subsidiary) opened their main distribution centre in the Caledonia Industrial Park in 2014. The Irving group of companies employs several thousand people in the Moncton region.<ref>{{cite web |title=Irving Group Moncton |url=http://www.irvingmoncton.com/ |publisher=[[JD Irving]] |access-date=June 18, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928134957/http://www.irvingmoncton.com/ |archive-date=September 28, 2007 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

There are three large industrial parks in the metropolitan area. The Irving operations are concentrated in the Dieppe Industrial Park. The Moncton Industrial Park in the city's west end has been expanded. [[Molson Coors]] opened a brewery in the Caledonia Industrial Park in 2007, its first new brewery in over fifty years.<ref>{{cite news |title=Molson to establish small brewery in Moncton by 2007 |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/molson-to-establish-small-brewery-in-moncton-by-2007/article18276801/ |newspaper=[[Globe & Mail]] |access-date=January 24, 2009 |archive-date=December 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201213193847/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/molson-to-establish-small-brewery-in-moncton-by-2007/article18276801/ |url-status=live }}</ref> All three industrial parks also have large concentrations of warehousing and regional trucking facilities.

A new four-lane [[Gunningsville Bridge]] was opened in 2005, connecting downtown [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]] directly with [[downtown Moncton]]. On the Moncton side, the bridge connects with an extension of Vaughan Harvey Boulevard as well as to Assumption Boulevard and will serve as a catalyst for economic growth in the downtown area.<ref name="Gunningsville Bridge">{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/popdwell/Table.cfm?T=302&SR=1&S=3&O=D&RPP=25&CMA=0&PR=13 |title=Gunningsville Bridge information |date=November 19, 2005 |work=[[Politics of New Brunswick|Government of New Brunswick]] |access-date=July 15, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723224016/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/index-eng.cfm |archive-date=July 23, 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> This has become already evident as an expansion to the [[Blue Cross Centre]] was completed in 2006 and a [[Marriott International|Marriott]] Residence Inn opened in 2008. The new regional [[Moncton Law Courts|law courts]] on Assumption Blvd opened in 2011. A new 8,800 seat downtown arena (the Avenir Centre) recently opened in September 2018. On the [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]] side, the [[Gunningsville Bridge]] now connects to a new ring road around the town and is expected to serve as a catalyst for development in east [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]].<ref name="Gunningsville Bridge"/>

The retail sector in Moncton has become one of the most important pillars of the local economy. Major retail projects such as [[Champlain Place]] in Dieppe and the [[Trinity Power Centre|Wheeler Park Power Centre]] on Trinity Drive have become major destinations for locals and for tourists alike.<ref>{{cite web|title=The operative word for Moncton during 2006 was "up"! Moncton for Business – Moncton en Affaires|url=http://www.mid.nb.ca/english/business/article_detail.cfm?id=98|publisher=Moncton for Business|access-date=June 18, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927063738/http://www.mid.nb.ca/english/business/article_detail.cfm?id=98|archive-date=September 27, 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="Living in Greater Moncton">{{cite web |url=http://www.moncton.org/search/english/CITYLIVING/Living+in+Greater+Moncton.pdf |title=Living in Greater Moncton |date=July 15, 2003 |work=City of Moncton |access-date=June 26, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409141006/http://www.moncton.org/search/english/CITYLIVING/Living%20in%20Greater%20Moncton.pdf |archive-date=April 9, 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Tourism is an important industry in Moncton and historically owes its origins to the presence of two natural attractions, the tidal bore of the Petitcodiac River (see above) and the optical illusion of [[Magnetic Hill (Moncton)|Magnetic Hill]]. The tidal bore was the first phenomenon to become an attraction but the construction of the Petitcodiac causeway in the 1960s effectively extirpated the attraction.<ref name="The Tidal Bore"/> [[Magnetic Hill (Moncton)|Magnetic Hill]], on the city's northwest outskirts, is the city's most famous attraction. The [[Magnetic Hill, New Brunswick|Magnetic Hill area]] includes (in addition to the [[Magnetic Hill (Moncton)|phenomenon itself]]), a golf course, [[Magic Mountain Water Park|major water park]], [[Magnetic Hill Zoo|zoo]], and an [[Magnetic Hill Concert Site|outdoor concert facility]]. A $90 million [[Casino New Brunswick|casino/hotel/entertainment complex]] opened at [[Magnetic Hill, New Brunswick|Magnetic Hill]] in 2010.

==Culture==
[[File:Extérieur Théâtre Capitol Moncton.jpg|thumb|Moncton's [[Capitol Theatre (Moncton)|Capitol Theatre]] is a performing arts venue and hosts productions for the [[Atlantic Ballet Theatre of Canada]], and [[Theatre New Brunswick]].]]
Moncton's [[Capitol Theatre (Moncton)|Capitol Theatre]], an 800-seat restored 1920s-era [[vaudeville]] house on Main Street, is the main centre for cultural entertainment for the city.<ref name="Capitol History">{{cite web|url=http://www.capitol.nb.ca/e/theater.php|title=Capitol History |date=March 13, 2007 |work=Capitol Theater|access-date=July 19, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716071007/http://www.capitol.nb.ca/e/theater.php |archive-date=July 16, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://herenb.canadaeast.com/rss/article/554558|title=Defining 'Culture' in Moncton|date=January 29, 2009|work=Here NB|access-date=January 30, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708113044/http://herenb.canadaeast.com/rss/article/554558|archive-date=July 8, 2011}}</ref> The theatre hosts a performing arts series and provides a venue for various theatrical performances as well as Symphony New Brunswick and the [[Atlantic Ballet Theatre of Canada]].<ref name="Capitol History" /> The adjacent Empress Theatre offers space for smaller performances and recitals.<ref name="Capitol History" /> The Molson Canadian Centre at [[Casino New Brunswick]] provides a 2,000-seat venue for major touring artists and performing groups.

The Moncton-based Atlantic Ballet Theatre tours mainly in [[Atlantic Canada]] but also tours nationally and internationally on occasion.<ref>{{cite web|title=Atlantic Ballet Theatre of Canada |url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/content/article/1041346311.html |author=O'Haver, Kimberly |work=Pointe Magazine |access-date=January 31, 2009 }} {{dead link|date=November 2020|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Théâtre l'Escaouette is a Francophone live theatre company which has its own auditorium and performance space on Botsford Street. The Anglophone Live Bait Theatre is based in the nearby university town of [[Sackville, New Brunswick|Sackville]]. There are several private dance and music academies in the metropolitan area, including the Capitol Theatre's own performing arts school.
[[File:Aberdeen cultural center.jpg|thumb|upright|left|[[Aberdeen Cultural Centre]] is an Acadian cultural cooperative containing multiple studios and galleries.]]
The [[Aberdeen Cultural Centre]] is a major Acadian cultural cooperative containing multiple studios and galleries. Among other tenants, the centre houses the Galerie Sans Nom, the principal [[art museum|private art gallery]] in the city.<ref>{{cite web |title=About The Aberdeen Cultural Centre (French) |url=http://www.centreculturelaberdeen.ca/aberdeen/index.cfm |publisher=Aberdeen Cultural Centre |access-date=July 20, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704042415/http://www.centreculturelaberdeen.ca/aberdeen/index.cfm |archive-date=July 4, 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The city's two main museums are the Moncton Museum at [[Resurgo Place]] on Mountain Road<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://resurgo.ca/ |title=Resurgo Place |access-date=December 9, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906043516/https://www.resurgo.ca/ |archive-date=September 6, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the Musée acadien at Université de Moncton.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.umoncton.ca/umcm-maum/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809141002/http://www.umoncton.ca/umcm-maum/|url-status=dead|title=Musée acadien | Campus de Moncton|archive-date=August 9, 2011|website=www.umoncton.ca}}</ref> The Moncton Museum reopened following major renovations and an expansion to include the Transportation Discovery Centre. The Discovery Centre includes many hands on exhibits highlighting the city's transportation heritage. The city also has several recognized historical sites. The Free Meeting House was built in 1821 and is a New England–style meeting house located adjacent to the Moncton Museum.<ref name="Moncton Museum">{{cite web|url=http://www.moncton.ca/Page2056.aspx|title=Moncton Museum|date=April 13, 2008|access-date=May 8, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719031323/http://www.moncton.ca/Page2056.aspx|archive-date=July 19, 2011}}</ref>

The Thomas Williams House, a former home of a city industrialist built in 1883, is now maintained in period style and serves as a [[genealogical]] research centre and is also home to several multicultural organizations.<ref name="Moncton Museum" /> The Treitz Haus is located on the riverfront adjacent to Bore View Park and has been dated to 1769 both by architectural style and by [[dendrochronology]].<ref name="Treitz Haus">{{CRHP|4868|Treitz Haus|2009-01-30}}</ref> It is the only surviving building from the [[Pennsylvania Dutch]] era and is the oldest surviving building in the province of New Brunswick.

[[File:Treitz Haus.jpg|thumb|The Treitz Haus in Moncton, New Brunswick]]
In film production, the city has since 1974 been home to the [[National Film Board of Canada]]'s French-language Studio Acadie.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onf.ca/selection/lonf-en-acadie-35-ans-de-creation/|title=L'ONF en Acadie, 35 ans de création|website=National Film Board of Canada|language=fr|access-date=April 18, 2017|archive-date=November 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107095813/https://www.onf.ca/selection/lonf-en-acadie-35-ans-de-creation/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Moncton is home to [[the Frye Festival]], an annual bilingual literary celebration held in honour of world-renowned literary critic and favourite son [[Northrop Frye]]. This event attracts noted writers and poets from around the world and takes place in the month of April.<ref name="Frye Festival History">{{cite web|url=http://www.frye.ca/english/about-us/history.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709002110/http://frye.ca/english/about-us/history.html|archive-date=July 9, 2007 |date=March 13, 2006 |title=Frye Festival History |work=Frye Festival|access-date=July 20, 2007}}</ref>

The Atlantic Nationals Automotive Extravaganza, held each July, is the largest annual gathering of classic cars in Canada.<ref name="Car star revs up auto show">{{cite web|url=http://timestranscript.canadaeast.com/search/article/189659|title=Car star revs up auto show|date=March 13, 2005|work=[[Times and Transcript]]|access-date=February 18, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514022632/http://timestranscript.canadaeast.com/search/article/189659|archive-date=May 14, 2011}}</ref> Other notable events include The Atlantic Seafood Festival<ref>{{Cite news|title=Seafood festival looks for best fried clams, fish cakes, chowder |date=August 8, 2008 |work=[[Canadian Online Explorer]] }}</ref> in August, [[HubCap Comedy Festival|The HubCap Comedy Festival]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canadianheritage.gc.ca/pc-ch/infoCntr/cdm-mc/index-eng.cfm?action=doc&DocIDCd=CR080880 |title=The Government of Canada Supports HubCap Comedy Festival |date=July 17, 2008 |work=[[Department of Canadian Heritage]] |access-date=January 27, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608075758/http://www.canadianheritage.gc.ca/pc-ch/infoCntr/cdm-mc/index-eng.cfm?action=doc&DocIDCd=CR080880 |archive-date=June 8, 2011 }}</ref> and the World Wine Festival, both held in the spring.

[[Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral, Moncton|Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral]] is the location of an [[interpretation centre]], [[Monument for Recognition in the 21st century]] (MR21).<ref name="numerique">{{cite web|url=https://www.acadienouvelle.com/actualites/2019/07/31/notre-dame-de-lassomption-prete-pour-le-cma/|title=Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption: une cathédrale numérique|last=Mercure|first=Lili|website=Acadie Nouvelle|date=July 31, 2019|access-date=2020-07-07|archive-date=July 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200704150549/https://www.acadienouvelle.com/actualites/2019/07/31/notre-dame-de-lassomption-prete-pour-le-cma/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Sports==
===Facilities===
[[File:DundeeSportsDome.jpg|thumb|The [[Moncton Sports Dome]] is an indoor air-supported building used for a number of different sports and recreational activities.]]
The [[Avenir Centre]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=News 91.9 |title=Avenir Centre |url=http://dngeg6k1ej-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/VUE-1-ENTRÉE-RUE-mise-à-jour-2018-09-12-e1536781668236.jpg }} {{Dead link|date=December 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> is an 8,800-seat arena which serves as a venue for major concerts and sporting events and is the home of the [[Moncton Wildcats]] of the [[Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League]] and the [[Moncton Magic]] of the [[National Basketball League of Canada]]. The [[CN Sportplex]] is a major recreational facility which has been built on the former CN Shops property. It includes ten ballfields, six soccer fields, an indoor rink complex with four ice surfaces (the [[Superior Propane Centre]]) and the [[Dundee Sports Dome|Hollis Wealth Sports Dome]], an indoor air supported multi-use building. The Sports Dome is large enough to allow for year-round football, soccer and golf activities. A newly constructed YMCA near the CN Sportsplex has extensive cardio and weight training facilities, as well as three indoor pools. The CEPS at Université de Moncton contains an indoor track and a {{convert|37.5|m}} swimming pool with diving towers.<ref>{{cite web |title=CEPS – Français |url=http://www2.umoncton.ca/cfdocs/ceps/facilities.cfm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927233203/http://www2.umoncton.ca/cfdocs/ceps/facilities.cfm |archive-date=September 27, 2007 |publisher=Universite de Moncton |access-date=July 20, 2007}}</ref> The new [[Moncton Stadium]], also located at the U de M campus was built for the 2010 [[IAAF]] World Junior Track & Field Championships. It has a permanent seating for 10,000, but is expandable to a capacity of over 20,000 for events such as professional Canadian football. The only [[velodrome]] in Atlantic Canada is in Dieppe. It has since been closed after 17 years of existence due to safety concerns in May 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Philip Drost |date=May 22, 2018 |title=Dieppe closes velodrome because of safety concerns |publisher=CBC News |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/dieppe-velodrome-closed-1.4673379 |access-date=November 6, 2019 |archive-date=November 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128152835/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/dieppe-velodrome-closed-1.4673379 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Facilities |url=http://www.atlanticcyclingcentre.com/Facilities/index.php?todo=main |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012005338/http://www.atlanticcyclingcentre.com/Facilities/index.php?todo=main |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 12, 2008 |publisher=Atlantic Cycling Centre |access-date=January 24, 2009}}</ref> The metro area has a total of 12 indoor hockey rinks and one curling club, [[Curl Moncton]]. Other public sporting and recreational facilities are scattered throughout the metropolitan area, including a new $18 million aquatic centre in Dieppe opened in 2009.

===Sports teams===
The [[Moncton Wildcats]] play [[junior ice hockey|major junior hockey]] in the [[Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League]] (QMJHL). They won the [[President's Cup (QMJHL)|President's Cup]], the QMJHL championship in both 2006 and 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20060515.DIGEST15-1/TPStory/TPSports/Hockey/ |title=Moncton wraps up Quebec series at home |date=May 15, 2006 |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |access-date=February 5, 2009 }} {{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Historically there has been a longstanding presence of a Moncton-based team in the [[Maritime Junior A Hockey League]], but the [[Dieppe Commandos]] (formerly known as the Moncton Beavers) relocated to [[Edmundston]] at the end of the 2017 season.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Harding|first1=Gail|title=Dieppe Commandos hockey franchise moving to Edmundston|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/dieppe-commandos-moving-edmundston-1.3833154|access-date=April 17, 2017|agency=CBC|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418081952/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/dieppe-commandos-moving-edmundston-1.3833154|archive-date=April 18, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Historically, Moncton also was home to a professional [[American Hockey League]] franchise from 1978 to 1994. The [[New Brunswick Hawks]] won the AHL Calder Cup by defeating the Binghamton Whalers in 1981–1982.{{citation needed|date=November 2012}} The [[Moncton Mets]] played baseball in the [[New Brunswick Senior Baseball League]] and won the Canadian Senior Baseball Championship in 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/moncton-wins-national-senior-baseball-championship-1.630154 |title=Moncton wins national senior baseball championship |date=August 28, 2006 |work=[[CBC News|CBC]] |access-date=February 5, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901070817/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/new-brunswick/story/2006/08/28/nb-baseball.html |archive-date=September 1, 2006 }}</ref> In 2015, the Moncton Fisher Cats began play in the New Brunswick Senior Baseball League. They were formed by a merger between the Moncton Mets and the Hub City Brewers of the NBSBL. In 2011, the Moncton Miracles began play as one of the seven charter franchises of the professional [[National Basketball League of Canada]]. The franchise failed at the end of the 2016/17 season, to be immediately replaced by a new NBL franchise, the [[Moncton Magic]], who played their inaugural season in 2017/18.<ref>{{cite news|title=Magic retire Miracles|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/moncton-miracles-magic-nbl-basketball-franchise-team-1.4173124|date=June 22, 2017|access-date=July 29, 2017|archive-date=November 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107095834/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/moncton-miracles-magic-nbl-basketball-franchise-team-1.4173124|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[University of Moncton|Universite de Moncton]] has a number of active [[U Sports]] programs,<ref>{{cite web |title=Université de Moncton Aigles Bleus |url=https://www.goaigles.ca |access-date=19 November 2025 |work=Université de Moncton Athletics}}</ref> while [[Crandall University]] has a number of active [[Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association]] programs.<ref>{{cite web |title=Crandall University Chargers Athletics |url=https://crandallchargers.ca |access-date=19 November 2025 |work=Crandall University Athletics}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
|+
! Club || Sport || League || Venue || Established || Championships
|-
| Tri City Tides || [[Basketball]] || [[The Basketball League|TBL]] || [[Crandall University]] || 2024 ||
|-
| [[Moncton Wildcats]] || [[Ice hockey]] || [[Quebec Major Junior Hockey League|QMJHL]] || Avenir Centre || 1996 || 2 – [[President's Cup (QMJHL)]]
|-
| Moncton Metropolitans || [[Baseball]] || [[New Brunswick Senior Baseball League|NBSBL]] || [[Kiwanis Park]] || 2015 || 2 – NBSBL Championship (2017, 2019)<ref>{{cite news|title=Fisher Cats Savour City's First Senior Baseball Championship in 12 Years|url=https://www.telegraphjournal.com/times-transcript/story/100359658/moncton-fisher-cats|access-date=September 30, 2017|publisher=Moncton Times & Transcript}} {{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|-
| Moncton Mustangs || [[Canadian football|Football]] || [[Maritime Football League|MFL]] || [[Centennial Park (Moncton)#Places of note|Rocky Stone Field]] || 2004 || 5 – Maritime Bowl
|-
|Moncton Mystics
|[[Women's basketball|Women's Basketball]]
|MWBA
|[[Crandall University]]
|2023
|
|-
| [[Moncton Aigles Bleu|U de M Aigles Bleus]] || [[Track and Field|Athletics]] (M/F) [[Cross Country Running]] (M/F) [[Ice hockey]] (M/F) [[Soccer]] (M/F) [[Volleyball]] (F) || [[Atlantic University Sport|AUS]] || [[Jean-Louis Lévesque|Aréna Jean-Louis-Lévesque]] [[University of Moncton|U de M]] CEPS [[Moncton Stadium|Stade Moncton Stadium]] || 1964 || Men's Hockey – 11 (AUS), 4 (U Sports) Women's Volleyball – 6 (AUS) Men's Athletics – 6 (AUS) Women's Hockey – 3 (AUS) Women's Athletics – 2 (AUS)
|-
| [[Crandall_University#Athletics|Crandall Chargers]] || [[Basketball]] (M/F) [[Boxing]] (M/F) [[Cross Country Running]] (M/F) [[Soccer]] (M/F) [[Volleyball]] (M/F) || [[Atlantic Collegiate Athletic Association|ACAA]] || Various Campus Facilities || 1949 || Men's Cross Country – 5 (ACAA) Women's Cross Country – 2 (ACAA) Women's Soccer – 1 (ACAA)
|}

===Major events===
{{See also|List of events in Greater Moncton}}
[[File:New moncton stadium.JPG|thumb|[[Moncton Stadium]] is a [[multi-purpose stadium]] that has hosted a number of events, including several games in the [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup]].]]
Moncton has hosted many large entertainment and sporting events. The [[2006 Memorial Cup]] was held in Moncton with the hometown [[Moncton Wildcats]] losing in the championship final to rival [[Quebec Remparts]].<ref>{{cite web |title=MasterCard Memorial Cup |url=http://www.chl.ca/CHLMemorialCup06/home.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070704140359/http://www.chl.ca/CHLMemorialCup06/home.html |archive-date=July 4, 2007 |publisher=[[Canadian Hockey League]]|access-date=June 25, 2007}}</ref> Moncton hosted the [[Canadian Interuniversity Sports]] (CIS) Men's University Hockey Championship in 2007 and 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=2007 CIS Men's Hockey Championships |url=http://www.cisport.ca/e/championships/m_hockey/2007/index.cfm |publisher=[[Canadian Interuniversity Sport]] |access-date=June 25, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070407001526/http://www.cisport.ca/e/championships/m_hockey/2007/index.cfm |archive-date=April 7, 2007 }}</ref> The [[2009 Ford World Men's Curling Championship|World Men's Curling Championship]] was held in Moncton in 2009; the second time this event has taken place in the city.
[[File:Moncton - August 2012 - Wrecking Ball World Tour - IMG 0006 (7875407192).jpg|thumb|left|[[Bruce Springsteen]] and [[Tom Cochrane]] performing in Moncton, 2012]]
Moncton also hosted the 2010 [[IAAF]] [[World Junior Championships in Athletics]]. This was the largest sporting event ever held in [[Atlantic Canada]], with athletes from over 170 countries in attendance. The new 10,000-seat capacity [[Moncton Stadium]] was built for this event on the [[Université de Moncton]] campus.<ref>{{cite web |title=Moncton awarded 2010 IAAF World Junior Championships |url=http://www.moncton.org/search/english/CITYHALL/inthenews/2006/m20060329.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070628074351/http://www.moncton.org/search/english/CITYHALL/inthenews/2006/m20060329.pdf |archive-date=June 28, 2007 |publisher=City of Moncton |access-date=June 25, 2007}}</ref> The construction of this new stadium led directly to Moncton being awarded a regular season neutral site [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] game between the [[Toronto Argonauts]] and the [[Edmonton Eskimos]], which was held on September 26, 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/February2010/01/c5594.html |title=CFL's Touchdown Atlantic |publisher=Newswire.ca |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727023224/http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/February2010/01/c5594.html |archive-date=July 27, 2011 |date=July 30, 2010|url-status=dead }}</ref> This was the first neutral site regular season game in the history of the Canadian Football League and was played before a capacity crowd of 20,750. Additional CFL regular season games were held in 2011 and 2013, and again on August 25, 2019.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cfl.ca/2019/08/23/leblanc-td-atlantic-bringing-added-hype-maritime-expansion-effort/ |title=LeBlanc: TD Atlantic bringing added hype to Maritime expansion effort |date=August 23, 2019 |access-date=August 23, 2019 |publisher=cfl.ca |archive-date=November 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107095815/https://www.cfl.ca/2019/08/23/leblanc-td-atlantic-bringing-added-hype-maritime-expansion-effort/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Moncton was one of only six Canadian cities chosen to host the [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup]].

Major sporting events hosted by Moncton include:

{{div col|colwidth=35em}}
* 1968 Canadian Junior Baseball Championships
* 1974 [[Canadian Figure Skating Championships]]
* [[1975 Macdonald Lassies Championship]]
* 1975 [[Intercontinental Cup (baseball)|Intercontinental Cup]] (baseball, co-hosted with Montreal)
* 1977 [[Skate Canada International]]
* 1978 [[Canadian Interuniversity Sport|CIS]] [[University Cup]] (hockey)
* 1980 [[World Curling Championship|World Men's Curling Championships]]
* 1982 World Short Track Speed Skating Championships
* 1982 [[Canadian Interuniversity Sport|CIS]] [[University Cup]]
* 1983 [[Canadian Interuniversity Sport|CIS]] [[University Cup]]
* 1984 [[Canadian Men's and Women's Broomball Championships]]
* 1985 [[Canadian Figure Skating Championships]]
* 1985 [[Tim Hortons Brier|Labatt Brier]] (curling)
* 1992 [[Canadian Figure Skating Championships]]
* 1997 [[U-18 Baseball World Cup|World Junior Baseball Championships]]
* 2000 [[Canadian Junior Curling Championships]]
* 2004 Canadian Senior Baseball Championships
* [[2006 Memorial Cup]] (hockey)
* 2007 [[Canadian Interuniversity Sport|CIS]] [[University Cup]]
* 2008 [[Canadian Interuniversity Sport|CIS]] [[University Cup]]
* [[2009 Ford World Men's Curling Championship|2009 World Men's Curling Championship]]
* 2009 [[Fred Page Cup]] (hockey)
* [[2010 World Junior Championships in Athletics|2010 IAAF World Junior Championships in Athletics]]
* 2010 [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] regular season neutral site game (Toronto and Edmonton)
* 2011 [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] regular season neutral site game (Hamilton and Calgary)
* 2012 [[Canadian Figure Skating Championships]]
* 2013 Canadian Track & Field Championships
* 2013 Football Canada Cup (national U18 football championship)
* 2013 [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] regular season neutral site game (Hamilton & Montreal)
* 2014 Canadian Track & Field Championships
* 2014 FIFA U20 Women's World Cup
* [[2015 FIFA Women's World Cup]]
* [[2017 Canadian U18 Curling Championships]]
* 2019 [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] regular season neutral site game (Toronto and Montreal)
* [[2023 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships]] (Co-hosted with Halifax)
* [[2024 Canadian Senior Curling Championships]]
{{div col end}}

==Government==
{{See also|Moncton City Council}}

[[File:Monctoncityhall34.JPG|thumb|[[Moncton City Hall]] is the [[Moncton City Council|seat of municipal government]].]]
The municipal government consists of a mayor and ten [[Moncton City Council|city councillors]] elected to four-year terms of office. The [[Moncton City Council|council]] is non-partisan with the mayor serving as the chairman, casting a ballot only in cases of a tie vote. There are four wards electing two councillors each with an additional two councillors selected at large by the general electorate. Day-to-day operation of the city is under the control of a [[City Manager]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Moncton City Council (2004–2008) |url=http://www.moncton.ca/Page341.aspx |publisher=City of Moncton |access-date=August 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141455/http://www.moncton.ca/Page341.aspx |archive-date=June 12, 2018 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Moncton is in the federal riding of [[Moncton—Riverview—Dieppe]]. Portions of Dieppe are in the federal riding of [[Beauséjour (electoral district)|Beauséjour]], and portions of [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]] are in the riding of [[Fundy Royal]]. In the current federal parliament, two MPs from the metropolitan area belong to the [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]] and one to the [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative Party]].
{{stack begin}}
{|class="wikitable" style="float:right; width:400; font-size:90%; margin-left:1em;"
|+'''Moncton federal election results'''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=rep/off/44gedata&document=bypro&lang=e |title=Official Voting Results Raw Data (poll by poll results in Moncton) |date=April 7, 2022 |publisher=Elections Canada |access-date=March 2, 2023 |archive-date=March 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305223518/https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=rep/off/44gedata&document=bypro&lang=e |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Year
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[New Democratic Party|New Democratic]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Green Party of Canada|Green]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width: 0.25em; background-color: {{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal}}|
! [[2021 Canadian federal election|2021]]
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal|background}} | '''48%'''
| style="text-align:right; background:#EA6D6A;"| ''16,670''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Conservative|background}} | 24%
| style="text-align:right; background:#6495ED;"| ''8.266''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|NDP|background}} | 17%
| style="text-align:right; background:#F4A460;"| ''5,974''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Green|background}} | 4%
| style="text-align:right; background:#99C955;"| ''1,538''
|-
! [[2019 Canadian federal election|2019]]
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal|background}} | '''42%'''
| style="text-align:right; background:#EA6D6A;"| ''16,621''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Conservative|background}} | 24%
| style="text-align:right; background:#6495ED;"| ''9,369''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|NDP|background}} | 12%
| style="text-align:right; background:#F4A460;"| ''4,812''
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Green|background}} | 18%
| style="text-align:right; background:#99C955;"| ''7,027''
|-
|}

{|class="wikitable" style="float:right; width:400; font-size:90%; margin-left:1em;"
|+'''Moncton provincial election results'''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.electionsnb.ca/content/enb/en/resources/publications/election-results.html |title=Official Voting Results by polling station (poll by poll results in Moncton) |date=February 5, 2014 |publisher=Elections NB |access-date=March 2, 2023 |archive-date=July 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703212407/https://www.electionsnb.ca/content/enb/en/resources/publications/election-results.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Year
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick|PC]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[New Brunswick Liberal Association|Liberal]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[Green Party of New Brunswick|Green]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | [[People's Alliance of New Brunswick|People's Allnc.]]
|-
| style="width: 0.25em; background-color: {{Canadian party colour|NB|PC}}|
! [[2020 New Brunswick general election|2020]]
| {{Canadian party colour|NB|PC|background}} | '''43%'''
| style="text-align:right; background:#9999FF;"| ''13,210''
| {{Canadian party colour|NB|Liberal|background}} | 33%
| style="text-align:right; background:#EA6D6A;"| ''10,105''
| {{Canadian party colour|NB|Green|background}} | 16%
| style="text-align:right; background:#99C955;"| ''5,112''
| {{Canadian party colour|NB|Peoples Alliance|background}} | 6%
| style="text-align:right; background:#AA99CC;"| ''1,720''
|-
| style="width: 0.25em; background-color: {{Canadian party colour|NB|Liberal}}|
! [[2018 New Brunswick general election|2018]]
| {{Canadian party colour|NB|PC|background}} | 32%
| style="text-align:right; background:#9999FF;"| ''9,983''
| {{Canadian party colour|NB|Liberal|background}} | '''44%'''
| style="text-align:right; background:#EA6D6A;"| ''13,600''
| {{Canadian party colour|NB|Green|background}} | 10%
| style="text-align:right; background:#99C955;"| ''3,064''
| {{Canadian party colour|NB|Peoples Alliance|background}} | 3%
| style="text-align:right; background:#AA99CC;"| ''1,034''
|-
|}
{{stack end}}{{Clear}}

===Military===
{{Main|CFB Moncton}}Moncton had a significant [[Canadian forces|military]] presence from 1940 until the early 1990s.[[File:Monctongarrison.JPG|thumb|The southwestern portion of the former [[CFB Moncton]] base continues to be used by the [[Canadian Forces]], known as Moncton Garrison.]]
Until the beginning of the Second World War, Moncton's main military presence was locally formed militia units. In 1940, a large military supply base (later known as CFB Moncton) was constructed on a railway spur line north of downtown next to the CNR shops. This base served as the main supply depot for the large wartime military establishment in the Maritimes.<ref name="Military Moncton">{{cite web|url=http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/Quarters/2529/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205094505/http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/Quarters/2529/|archive-date=February 5, 2007|title=Canadian Military History Page |date=March 13, 2007 |work=Bruce Forsyth |access-date=July 20, 2007}}</ref> In addition, two [[British Commonwealth Air Training Plan]] bases were also built in the Moncton area during the war: No. 8 Service Flying Training School, RCAF, and No. 31 Personnel Depot, RAF. The RCAF also operated No. 5 Supply Depot in Moncton.<ref name="Military Moncton" /> A naval [[listening station]] was also constructed in Coverdale (Riverview) in 1941 to help in coordinating radar activities in the North Atlantic.<ref name="Military Moncton" /> Military flight training in the Moncton area terminated at the end of World War II and the naval listening station closed in 1971. CFB Moncton remained open to supply the maritime military establishment until just after the end of the [[Cold War]].<ref name="Military Moncton" />

With the closure of CFB Moncton in the early 1990s, the military presence in Moncton has been significantly reduced.<ref name="CFB Moncton">{{cite web|url=http://www.army.forces.gc.ca/cfb_gagetown/branch/monctn_e.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040317005939/http://www.army.forces.gc.ca/cfb_gagetown/branch/monctn_e.asp|archive-date=March 17, 2004|title=CFB Gagetown Support Detachment Moncton |date=March 13, 2007 |work=[[Department of National Defence and the Canadian Forces]] |access-date=July 20, 2007}}</ref> The northern portion of the former base property has been turned over to the Canada Lands Corporation and is slowly being redeveloped.<ref name="CLC Plan">{{cite web |url=http://www.clcl.ca/en/pdf/summary-sommaire_1999-2004.pdf |title=CLC Corporate Plan 1999–2004 |date=March 13, 2007 |work=[[Canada Lands Company]] |access-date=July 20, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070724202846/http://www.clcl.ca/en/pdf/summary-sommaire_1999-2004.pdf |archive-date=July 24, 2007 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The southern part of the former base remains an active [[Department of National Defence and the Canadian Forces|DND]] property and is now termed the Moncton Garrison. It is affiliated with [[CFB Gagetown]].<ref name="CFB Moncton" /> Resident components of the garrison include the 1 Engineer Support Unit (Regular force). The garrison also houses the 37 Canadian Brigade Group Headquarters (reserve force) and one of the 37 Brigades constituent units; the [[8th Canadian Hussars (Princess Louise's)]], which is an armoured reconnaissance regiment.<ref name="CFB Moncton" /> 3 Area support unit Det Moncton, and 42 Canadian Forces Health Services Centre Det Moncton provide logistical support for the base.<ref name="CFB Moncton" /> In 2013, the last regular forces units left the Moncton base, but the reserve units remain active and Moncton remains the 37 Canadian Brigade Unit headquarters.

==Health facilities==
[[File:Monctonhospital.jpg|thumb|The [[Moncton Hospital]] is one of two major teaching hospitals located in Moncton.]]

There are two major regional referral and teaching hospitals in Moncton. The [[Moncton Hospital]] has approximately 381 inpatient beds<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.horizonnb.ca/home/facilities-and-services/facilities/the-moncton-hospital.aspx |title=The Moncton Hospital |publisher=Horizon Health Network |access-date=October 9, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010005250/http://www.horizonnb.ca/home/facilities-and-services/facilities/the-moncton-hospital.aspx |archive-date=October 10, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> and is affiliated with [[Dalhousie University]] Medical School. It is home to the Northumberland family medicine residency training program and is a site for third and fourth year clinical training for medical students in the Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick Training Program. The hospital hosts UNB degree programs in nursing and medical x-ray technology and professional internships in fields such as dietetics. Specialized medical services at the hospital include neurosurgery, peripheral and neuro-interventional radiology, [[vascular surgery]], thoracic surgery, hepatobiliary surgery, [[orthopedics]], trauma, burn unit, medical [[oncology]], [[neonatal intensive care]], and adolescent psychiatry. A$48 million expansion to the hospital was completed in 2009 and contains a new laboratory, ambulatory care centre, and provincial level one trauma centre.<ref>{{cite web|title=SERHA's Health: Taking a large step into the future |url=http://www.serha.ca/serha/publications/pdfs/source_issue1.pdf |publisher=SERHA |access-date=July 15, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530100452/http://www.serha.ca/serha/publications/pdfs/source_issue1.pdf |archive-date=May 30, 2008 }}</ref> A new oncology clinic was built at the hospital and opened in late 2014. The Moncton Hospital is managed by Horizon Health Network (formerly the South East Regional Health Authority).
[[File:Centre hospitalier universitaire Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont (2006).jpg|left|thumb|The [[Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre]] was established in 1922.]]
The [[Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre]] has about 302 beds<ref>{{cite web|title=Dr. Georges-L-Dumont Hospital Centre|url=http://www.vitalitenb.ca/en/points-service/dr-georges-l-dumont-university-hospital-centre|access-date=December 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225035209/http://www.vitalitenb.ca/en/points-service/dr-georges-l-dumont-university-hospital-centre|archive-date=December 25, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> and hosts a medical training program through the local [[CFMNB]] and distant {{Lang|fr|[[Université de Sherbrooke]]|italic=no}} Medical School. There are also degree programs in nursing, medical x-ray technology, medical laboratory technology and inhalotherapy which are administered by Université de Moncton. Specialized medical services include medical oncology, radiation oncology, [[orthopedics]], [[vascular surgery]], and [[nephrology]].
A cardiac cath lab is being studied for the hospital and a new PET/CT scanner has been installed. A$75 million expansion for ambulatory care, expanded surgery suites, and medical training is currently under construction.<ref>{{cite news|title=Georges Dumont Hospital to host new cardiac lab |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/georges-dumont-hospital-to-host-new-cardiac-lab-1.679566 |publisher=[[CBC News]] |date=January 23, 2007 |access-date=July 9, 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208220940/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/new-brunswick/story/2007/01/22/nb-catheterization.html |archive-date=December 8, 2007 }}</ref> The hospital is also the location of the Atlantic Cancer Research Institute.<ref>{{cite web|title=R&D Facilities |url=http://www.gnb.ca/0398/investment/R_D/research/index-e.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081122003813/http://www.gnb.ca/0398/investment/R_D/research/index-e.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 22, 2008 |publisher=[[New Brunswick]] |date=May 23, 2008 |access-date=January 30, 2009 }}</ref> This hospital is managed by francophone Vitalité Health Network.

==Transportation==
=== Air ===
[[File:Erickson Sikorsky S-64 Skycrane N163AC – Moncton CYQM – (2017-08-23).jpg|thumb|Erickson Sikorsky S-64 Skycrane is lodged Moncton, where the [[Greater Moncton Roméo LeBlanc International Airport]] serves as the [[international airport]] for the metropolitan area.]]
Moncton is served by the [[Greater Moncton Roméo LeBlanc International Airport]] (YQM). It was renamed for former Canadian Governor General (and native son) [[Roméo LeBlanc]] in 2016. A new airport terminal with an international arrivals area was opened in 2002 by [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]]. The GMIA handles about 677,000 passengers per year, making it the second busiest airport in the Maritimes in terms of passenger volume.<ref name="GMIA">{{cite web|url=http://www.gmia.ca/english/corp/pdf/2006.pdf |title=GMIA 2006 Report |date=March 13, 2007 |work=[[Greater Moncton International Airport]] |access-date=July 9, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710020023/http://www.gmia.ca/english/corp/pdf/2006.pdf |archive-date=July 10, 2007 }}</ref> The GMIA is the [[List of the busiest airports in Canada|10th busiest airport in Canada]] in terms of freight. [[FedEx]], [[United Parcel Service|UPS]], and [[Purolator Courier|Purolator]] all have their Atlantic Canadian air cargo bases at the facility. The GMIA is the home of the [[Moncton Flight College]]; the largest pilot training institution in Canada,<ref name="Moncton Flight College Receives Civil Aviation Authority of China Approval to Train Chinese Pilots">{{cite web|url=http://www.canlinkglobal.com/canlink/news_content.jsp?news_id=32|title=Moncton Flight College Receives Civil Aviation Authority of China Approval to Train Chinese Pilots|date=May 15, 2006|work=CANLink Global|access-date=July 9, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229052501/http://www.canlinkglobal.com/canlink/news_content.jsp?news_id=32|archive-date=December 29, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> and is also the base for the regional RCMP air service, the New Brunswick Air Ambulance Service and the regional Transport Canada hangar and depot.

There is a private [[aerodrome]] in the north of the city, [[Moncton/McEwen Aerodrome|McEwen Airfield]] (CCG4), used for [[general aviation]].

The Moncton [[area control center|Area Control Centre]] is one of only seven regional air traffic control centres in Canada.<ref name="NAV Canada">{{cite web|url=http://navcanada.ca/NavCanada.asp?Language=en&Content=ContentDefinitionFiles%5CNewsroom%5CBackgrounders%5Catlanticcanadapresence.xml |title=NAV CANADA Presence in Atlantic Canada |date=November 13, 2007 |work=[[Nav Canada]] }} {{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> This centre monitors over 430,000 flights a year, 80% of which are either entering or leaving North American [[airspace]].<ref name="NAV Canada"/>

=== Highways ===
Moncton lies on [[New Brunswick Route 2|Route 2]] of the [[Trans-Canada Highway]], which leads to [[Nova Scotia]] in the east and to [[Fredericton]] and [[Quebec]] in the west. [[New Brunswick Route 15|Route 15]] intersects Route 2 at the eastern outskirts of Moncton, heads northeast leading to Shediac and northern New Brunswick, [[New Brunswick Route 16|Route 16]] connects to route 15 at Shediac and leads to [[Strait Shores]] and [[Prince Edward Island]]. [[New Brunswick Route 1|Route 1]] intersects Route 2 approximately {{convert|15|km|mi|0}} west of the city and leads to [[Saint John, New Brunswick|Saint John]] and the U.S. border.<ref name="Google map of Moncton">{{cite web |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?q=moncton&sourceid=ie7&rls=com.microsoft:en-US&ie=utf8&oe=utf8&um=1&sa=N&tab=wl |title=Google maps: Moncton |date=January 1, 2006 |work=[[Google Maps]] |access-date=July 15, 2007 |archive-date=November 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107095823/https://www.google.com/gen_204?v=3&s=tactile&action=vtworker&srt=780&tbsrt=898&tran=15&conn=onchange&ei=OaOHYePDBdLb0PEP8KSVsAg&cad=vws:4500.144999474287,cr:wccf10,ct:2,jsv:20211103.0,cz:11,w:1187,h:7789,sc:0,drv:m&e=10202786,10202788,10203448,10203487,10203489,10203509,10203568,10203575,10203988,10204020,10204034,10204112,10204121,10204174,10204226,10204258,10204417,10204423,10204434,10204493,10204507,10204517,10204520,10204567,10204684,10204732,10204743,10204786,10204790,10204813,10204847,10204860,10204911,1381938,1381033,1368782,1368785,4592408,1375050,4536287&atyp=csi&rt=noop.0 |url-status=live}}</ref> Wheeler Boulevard (Route 15) serves as an internal ring road, extending from the Petitcodiac River Causeway to [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]] before exiting the city and heading for [[Shediac]]. Inside the city it is an expressway bounded at either end by traffic circles.<ref name="Google map of Moncton" />

=== Public transit ===
[[File:Codiactransit23 (cropped).jpg|thumb|300px|[[Codiac Transpo]] is a public transit bus service throughout Greater Moncton.]]
Greater Moncton is served by [[Codiac Transpo]], which is operated by the City of Moncton. It operates 40 buses on 19 routes throughout Moncton, [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]], and [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Codiac Transit Commission |url=http://www.codiactransit-moncton.com/enstart.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710165706/http://www.codiactransit-moncton.com/enstart.htm |archive-date=July 10, 2007 |publisher=Codiac Transit |access-date=July 15, 2007}}</ref>

[[Maritime Bus]] provides intercity service to the region. Moncton is the largest hub in the system. All other major centres in New Brunswick, as well as Charlottetown, Halifax, and Truro are served out of the Moncton terminal.

=== Railways ===
[[File:In Train... ing. Riding The Rails (33790131796).jpg|thumb|left|Double-stacked freight passing through Moncton]]
Freight rail transportation in Moncton is provided by [[Canadian National Railway]]. Although the presence of the CNR in Moncton has diminished greatly since the 1970s{{cn|date=August 2025}}, the railway still maintains a large [[classification yard]] and [[Intermodal freight transport|intermodal]] facility in the west end of the city, and the regional headquarters for [[Atlantic Canada]] is still located here as well. Passenger rail transportation is provided by [[Via Rail]] Canada, with their train the ''[[Ocean (passenger train)|Ocean]]'' serving the [[Moncton railway station]] three days per week to [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]] and to [[Montreal]], Quebec.<ref>{{cite web |title=Via Rail Canada / Halifax-Montreal train (the Ocean) |url=http://www.viarail.ca/nostrains/en_trai_atla_hamo.html |publisher=[[Via Rail]] |access-date=July 15, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710075713/http://www.viarail.ca/nostrains/en_trai_atla_hamo.html |archive-date=July 10, 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref> The downtown Via station has been refurbished and also serves as the terminal for the Maritime Bus intercity bus service.

==Education==
[[File:Ecole Odyssee school.png|thumb|[[École L'Odyssée]] is one of six publicly funded secondary schools in the city.]]
{{See also|List of schools in Greater Moncton}}
The South School Board administers 10 Francophone schools, including high schools [[École Mathieu-Martin]] and [[École L'Odyssée]]. The East School Board administers 25 Anglophone schools including [[Moncton High School (2015)|Moncton]], [[Harrison Trimble High School|Harrison Trimble]], [[Bernice MacNaughton High School|Bernice MacNaughton]], and [[Riverview High School (Riverview)|Riverview]] high schools.
[[File:Université de Moncton Campus de Shippagan 1.JPG|thumb|The [[Université de Moncton]] is a French-language university, and the only publicly funded university whose main campus is located in Moncton.]]
Post secondary education in Moncton:
* The [[Université de Moncton]] is a publicly funded provincial comprehensive university and is the largest francophone Canadian university outside of [[Quebec]].
* [[Crandall University]] is a private [[Canadian Baptists of Atlantic Canada|Baptist]] Christian liberal arts university.<ref name="Moncton Article2">{{cite web|url=http://www.reseausesamenetwork.org/en/city_close-up.cfm?city_sak=7 |title=Reseau Sesame Network: City Close-Up |date=March 13, 2005 |work=Reseau Sesame Network |access-date=July 4, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928161309/http://www.reseausesamenetwork.org/en/city_close-up.cfm?city_sak=7 |archive-date=September 28, 2007 }}</ref>
* The [[University of New Brunswick]] has a satellite health sciences campus in Moncton offering degree in nursing.
* The Moncton campus of the [[New Brunswick Community College]] has 1,600 full-time students and also hundreds of part-time students.
* The [[Collège communautaire du Nouveau-Brunswick]] offers training in trades and technologies.
* Medavie HealthEd, a subsidiary of Medavie Health Services, is a [[Canadian Medical Association]]-accredited school providing training in primary and advanced care paramedicine, as well as the Advanced Emergent Care (AEC) program of the [[Department of National Defence (Canada)]].
* Eastern College offers programs in the areas of business and administration, art and design, health care, social sciences & justice, tourism & hospitality, and trades.
* [[Moncton Flight College]] is one of Canada's oldest and largest flight schools.<ref>{{cite web |title=CAE Global Academy: Global strength |url=http://www.cae.com/cts/PDF/CAEGlobalAcademy_MFC.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228075619/http://www.cae.com/cts/PDF/CAEGlobalAcademy_MFC.pdf |archive-date=February 28, 2008 |publisher=[[CAE (company)|CAE]]|access-date=January 24, 2009}}</ref>
* [[McKenzie College (New Brunswick)|McKenzie College]] specializes in graphic design, digital media, and animation.
* The private [[Oulton College]] provides training in nursing, business, paramedical, dental sciences, pharmacy, veterinary, youth care and paralegal programs.

==Media==
{{Main|Media in Moncton}}
[[File:Timesandtranscript26.jpg|thumb|upright|The ''[[Times & Transcript]]'' building is located in Downtown Moncton. It is the highest daily circulated newspaper in New Brunswick.]]
Moncton's daily newspaper is the ''[[Times & Transcript]]'', which has the highest circulation of any daily newspaper in New Brunswick.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=NADBank |url=http://www.nadbank.com/English/study/pdfs/Weekly%20Readership%20by%20Resident%20Market%202005%20Study.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061124081926/http://www.nadbank.com/English/study/pdfs/Weekly%20Readership%20by%20Resident%20Market%202005%20Study.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 24, 2006 |title=Weekly Readership by Resident Market newspaper readership |access-date=January 9, 2008}}</ref> More than 60 percent of city households subscribe daily, and more than 90 percent of Moncton residents read the Times & Transcript at least once a week. The city's other publications include ''[[L'Acadie Nouvelle]]'', a French newspaper published in [[Caraquet]] in northern New Brunswick.

There are 17 broadcast radio stations in the city covering a variety of genres and interests, all on the [[FM broadcasting|FM dial]] or [[Streaming media|online streaming]]. Eleven of these stations are English and six are French.

[[Rogers Cable]] has its provincial headquarters and main production facilities in Moncton and broadcasts on two [[Community channel (Canada)|community channels]], Cable 9 in French and Cable 10 in English. The French-language arm of the [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]], [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|Radio-Canada]], maintains its Atlantic Canadian headquarters in Moncton. There are three other broadcast television stations in Moncton and these represent all of the major national networks.

==Notable people==
{{Main|List of people from Moncton}}
Moncton has been the home of a number of notable people, including [[National Hockey League]] [[Hockey Hall of Fame|Hall of Famer]] and NHL scoring champion [[Gordie Drillon]],<ref name="Gordie Drillon">{{cite web |url=http://www.hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/pdisplay.php?pid=1433 |title=Gordie Drillon |date=March 13, 2005 |work=FantasyPlayers.com| access-date=July 25, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131028170819/http://www.hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/pdisplay.php?pid=1433 |archive-date=October 28, 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> World and Olympic champion curler [[Russ Howard]],<ref name="Russ Howard">{{cite web |url=http://www.teamhoward.ca/background.asp |title=Our Background |date=March 13, 2005 |work=Team Howard |access-date=July 25, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070504075112/http://www.teamhoward.ca/background.asp |archive-date=May 4, 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> distinguished literary critic and theorist [[Northrop Frye]],<ref name="Northrop Frye">{{cite encyclopedia |author=Ayre, John |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/moncton/  |title=Moncton |date=March 13, 2007 |encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |access-date=July 4, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415111626/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/moncton/ |archive-date=April 15, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> former [[Governor General of Canada]] [[Roméo LeBlanc]],<ref name="Roméo LeBlanc">{{cite encyclopedia |author=Ayre, John |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/romeo-a-leblanc/  |title=LeBlanc, Romeo A. |date=March 13, 2007 |encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |access-date=July 4, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110425/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/romeo-a-leblanc/ |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> and former Supreme Court Justice [[Ivan Cleveland Rand]], developer of the [[Rand Formula]] and Canada's representative on the [[UNSCOP]] commission.<ref name="Rand, Ivan Cleveland">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/ivan-cleveland-rand/  |title=Rand, Ivan Cleveland |date=March 13, 2007 |encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |access-date=July 4, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402095524/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/ivan-cleveland-rand/ |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Trudy Mackay]] FRS, renowned quantitative geneticist, member of the Royal Society<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/trudy-mackay-11854/|title=Trudy Mackay|website=royalsociety.org|language=en-gb|access-date=May 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117111158/https://royalsociety.org/people/trudy-mackay-11854/|archive-date=November 17, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> and National Academy of Sciences,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/20022348.html|title=Trudy Mackay|last=nasonline.org|first=National Academy of Sciences -|website=www.nasonline.org|access-date=May 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517005733/http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/20022348.html|archive-date=May 17, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and recipient of the prestigious Wolf Prize for agriculture<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wolffund.org.il/index.php?dir=site&page=winners&cs=863&language=eng|title=Mackay, Trudy Frances Charlene|last=Simply-Smart|website=www.wolffund.org.il|language=en|access-date=May 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517005622/http://www.wolffund.org.il/index.php?dir=site&page=winners&cs=863&language=eng|archive-date=May 17, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> (2016), was born in Moncton.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.newsobserver.com/news/local/counties/wake-county/article58863923.html|title=Tar Heel: Trudy Mackay works with fruit flies to solve genetic mysteries|work=newsobserver|access-date=May 16, 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702071216/http://www.newsobserver.com/news/local/counties/wake-county/article58863923.html|archive-date=July 2, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Robb Wells]], the actor who plays [[Ricky (Trailer Park Boys character)|Ricky]] on the [[Showcase (Canadian TV channel)|Showcase]] comedy ''[[Trailer Park Boys]]'' hails from Moncton,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.northernstars.ca/actorsvz/wells_robb.html |title=Robb Wells |date=April 14, 2007 |work=northernstar.ca |access-date=February 5, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831153633/http://www.northernstars.ca/actorsvz/wells_robb.html |archive-date=August 31, 2009 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tv.com/robb-wells/person/125528/summary.html |title=Robb Wells |date=June 19, 2008 |work=[[TV.com]] |access-date=February 5, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204161827/http://www.tv.com/robb-wells/person/125528/summary.html |archive-date=February 4, 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref> along with [[Julie Doiron]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chartattack.com/news/44399/julie-doiron-doing-three-things-at-once-this-month |title=Julie Doiron Doing Three Things At Once This Month |first=Shannon |last=Webb-Campbell |author-link=Shannon Webb-Campbell |date=September 10, 2007 |work=[[Chart (magazine)|Chart]] |access-date=January 31, 2009 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109190307/http://www.chartattack.com/news/44399/julie-doiron-doing-three-things-at-once-this-month |archive-date=January 9, 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.juliedoiron.com/html/about.html |title=Julie Doiron |date=September 18, 2007 |work=Juliedoiron.com |access-date=January 31, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204073904/http://www.juliedoiron.com/html/about.html |archive-date=February 4, 2009 }}</ref> an [[indie rock]] musician, and [[Holly Dignard]] the actress who plays Nicole Miller on the [[CTV Television Network|CTV]] series ''[[Whistler (TV series)|Whistler]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hollydignard.com/hd.html |title=Holly Dignard – About |date=March 14, 2008 |work=HollyDignard.com |access-date=February 5, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426052415/http://www.hollydignard.com/hd.html |archive-date=April 26, 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Harry Currie, noted Canadian conductor, musician, educator, journalist and author was born in Moncton<ref>{{cite web |last1=Quinlan |first1=Natalie |title=Conductor of The Convocation Winds retiring after 38 years |url=https://uwaterloo.ca/news/conductor-convocation-winds-retiring-after-38-years |website=Waterloo News |publisher=University of Waterloo |access-date=February 6, 2021 |date=June 16, 2018 |quote=Originally from Moncton, New Brunswick, Currie’s first... |archive-date=November 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107095904/https://uwaterloo.ca/news/conductor-convocation-winds-retiring-after-38-years |url-status=live }}</ref> and graduated from MHS. [[Antonine Maillet]], a francophone author, recipient of the [[Order of Canada]] and the "Prix Goncourt", the highest honour in francophone literature, is also from Moncton.<ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.bookrags.com/biography/antonine-maillet-dlb |title=Antonine Maillet |first=Larry |last=Shouldice |date=January 1, 2005 |access-date=January 31, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525081701/http://www.bookrags.com/biography/antonine-maillet-dlb/ |archive-date=May 25, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[France Daigle]], another acclaimed Acadian novelist and playwright, was born and resides in Moncton, and is noted for her pioneering use of [[chiac]] in Acadian literature, was the recipient of the 2012 Governor General's Literary Prize in French Fiction, for her novel {{Lang|fr|Pour Sûr}} (translated into English as "For Sure"). Canadian hockey star [[Sidney Crosby]] graduated from [[Harrison Trimble High School]] in Moncton.

[[Sonja Lang]], the polyglot and translator who created [[Toki Pona]], was born here.

==[[Sister city|Sister cities]]==
* [[Lafayette, Louisiana]], United States<ref>{{cite web|title=Lafayette's twinning with Moncton in 1970s caused 'ruckus'|url=https://www.theadvocate.com/acadiana/news/article_38ac8eaa-b758-11e9-b77d-fb6a40543e86.html|website=theadvocate.com|publisher=The Acadiana Advocate|date=2019-08-16|access-date=2020-06-17|archive-date=June 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617083827/https://www.theadvocate.com/acadiana/news/article_38ac8eaa-b758-11e9-b77d-fb6a40543e86.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[North Bay, Ontario]], Canada<ref>{{cite web|title=About North Bay|url=https://www.cityofnorthbay.ca/living/about-north-bay/|website=cityofnorthbay.ca|publisher=City of North Bay|access-date=2020-06-17|archive-date=June 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607001639/https://www.cityofnorthbay.ca/living/about-north-bay/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Canada}}
* [[Coat of arms of Moncton]]
* [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]]
* [[List of mayors of Moncton]]
* [[List of municipalities in New Brunswick]]
* [[List of neighbourhoods in Moncton]]
* [[Petitcodiac River]]
* [[Moncton—Riverview—Dieppe|Ridings History of Moncton, Dieppe and Riverview]]
* [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]]

==References==

===Notes===
{{notelist}}
{{Reflist|30em}}

===Bibliography===
* {{cite book |title=The First Hundred: A Story of the First 100 Years of Moncton's Existence|author=Larracey, Edward |publisher=Moncton Publishing Company |year=1970 |asin=B0000EEQHJ}}
* {{cite book |title=A History of Moncton Town and City 1855–1965|author=Machum, Lloyd A.|publisher=Moncton Publishing Company |year=1965 |asin=B0000EEUF0}}
* {{cite book |title=The Story of the Acadians|author=Boudreau, Amy|publisher=Pelican Publishing Company |year=1970 |isbn=0-911116-30-3}}
* {{cite book |title=Resurgo, The History of Moncton From 1890–1990|author=Larracey, Edward|publisher=City of Moncton |year=1991 |isbn=0-9694634-2-1}}
* {{cite book |title=New Brunswick Book of Everything|author=Walls, Martha |publisher=MacIntyre Purcell Publishing Inc |year=2006 |isbn=0-9738063-2-X}}
* {{cite book |title=Trails of Greater Moncton|author=Merlin, Kate|publisher=Goose Lane Editions |year=2003 |isbn=0-86492-349-X}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
*{{Official website}}
* {{Osmrelation-inline|1109568}}

{{Moncton landmarks}}
{{Navboxes
| title = Articles and topics related to Moncton
| state = collapsed
| list1 =
{{Adjacent communities
| Centre = Moncton
| North = [[Ammon, New Brunswick|Ammon]] / [[Stilesville, New Brunswick|Stilesville]]
| Northeast = [[Irishtown, New Brunswick|Irishtown]] / [[Cape Breton, New Brunswick|Cape Breton]]
| East = [[Lakeville, Westmorland County, New Brunswick|Lakeville]]/[[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]]
| Southeast = [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]]
| South = [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]] (over [[Petitcodiac River]])
| Southwest = [[Middle Coverdale, New Brunswick|Middle Coverdale]] (over [[Petitcodiac River]])
| West = [[Allison, New Brunswick|Allison]] / [[Berry Mills, New Brunswick|Berry Mills]]
| Northwest = [[Lutes Mountain, New Brunswick|Lutes Mountain]] / [[Indian Mountain, New Brunswick|Indian Mountain]]
}}
{{Adjacent communities
| North = [[Bouctouche]], [[Shediac]]
| West = Boundary Creek, [[New Brunswick|Salisbury]]
| Center = Moncton
| East = [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]], [[Memramcook]], [[Sackville, New Brunswick|Sackville]]
| South = [[Riverview, New Brunswick|Riverview]]
}}
{{Subdivisions of New Brunswick}}
{{Census metropolitan areas by size}}
}}
{{Westmorland County, New Brunswick}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Moncton| ]]
[[Category:1733 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:Cities in New Brunswick]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1733]]

Hooghly Lok Sabha constituency

2026-05-06T22:01:15Z

KristineCharlton: Adding first data nd citations

{{short description|Lok Sabha constituency in West Bengal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| type = LS
| name = Hooghly {{Small|WB-28}}
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Lok Sabha constituencies/2019/West Bengal/Hooghly.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Hooghly Lok Sabha Constituency
| incumbent_image =
| established = 1951
| reservation = None
| mp = [[Rachna Banerjee]]
| party = {{Party index link|Trinamool Congress}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| assembly_cons = [[Singur Assembly constituency|Singur]] [[Chandannagar Assembly constituency|Chandannagar]] [[Chunchura Assembly constituency|Chunchura]] [[Balagarh Assembly constituency|Balagarh]] [[Pandua Assembly constituency|Pandua]] [[Saptagram Assembly constituency|Saptagram]] [[Dhanekhali Assembly constituency|Dhanekhali]]
| electors = 1,630,042<ref name=turnout>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/GE2014/PC_WISE_TURNOUT.htm |title=Parliamentary Constituency Wise Turnout for General Elections 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702210941/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/GE2014/PC_WISE_TURNOUT.htm |archive-date=2 July 2014 }}</ref>
}}

'''Hooghly Lok Sabha constituency''' is one of the 543 [[Lok Sabha|parliamentary]] constituencies in [[India]]. The constituency centres on [[Hugli-Chuchura]] in [[West Bengal]]. All seven assembly segments of No. 28 Hooghly Lok Sabha constituency are in [[Hooghly district]].

==Overview==
[[File:Westbengalen Wahlkreise Lok Sabha.svg|thumb|300px|right|1. Cooch Behar, 2. Alipurduars, 3. Jalpaiguri, 4. Darjeeling, 5. Raiganj, 6. Balurghat, 7. Maldaha Uttar, 8. Maldaha Dakshin, 9. Jangipur, 10. Baharampur, 11. Murshidabad, 12. Krishnanagar, 13. Ranaghat, 14. Bangaon, 15. Barrackpore, 16. Dum Dum, 17. Barasat, 18. Basirhat, 19. Jaynagar, 20. Mathurapur, 21. Diamond Harbour, 22. Jadavpur, 23. Kolkata Dakshin, 24. Kolkata Uttar, 25. Howrah, 26. Uluberia, 27. Serampore, 28. '''Hooghly''', 29. Arambagh, 30. Tamluk, 31, Kanthi, 32. Ghatal, 33. Jhargram, 34. Medinipur, 35. Purulia, 36. Bankura, 37. Bishnupur, 38. Bardhaman Purba, 39. Bardhaman Durgapur, 40. Asansol, 41. Bolpur, 42. Birbhum]]

Hoogly constituency, shares a large industrial area on the western bank of the Hooghly river in the district with [[Serampore Lok Sabha constituency|Sreerampur]] and has a rich agricultural hinterland.

According to ''The Statesman'', "The Hooghly Lok Sabha constituency had remained a Communist bastion till the Trinamul snatched their thunder in the 2009 General Election. The constituency has the distinction of having a rich colonial history with the Portuguese settlement at Bandel, the French colony at Chandannagore, the Danish settlement at Serampore… and Chinsurah, a former Dutch colony. Despite ruling West Bengal for 35 years, the Marxist government alienated its people by such historical blunders as the forcible acquisition of fertile agricultural land in [[Singur]] which forms part of the Hooghly constituency."<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.thestatesman.net/news/45833-a-quadrilateral-fight-in-hooghly.html|title =A Quarilateral Fight in Hooghly | publisher = The Statesman, 23 March 2014|access-date = 13 June 2014 }}</ref>

The Dunlop tyre plant at [[Sahaganj]], in this constituency is closed. According to Hindustan Times, "The entire jute industry, with eight mills in Hooghly, is sick…From [[Tribeni, Hooghly|Tribeni]] in north to [[Hindmotor|Hind Motor]] in south, by the bank of Hooghly exists the Hooghly industrial belt, now seeking oxygen. Two fertiliser units, one food processing unit, two cotton mills, one steel plant and many other small and medium scale units have closed down over the years."<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/industrial-belt-seeks-makeover/article1-692873.aspx | archive-url = https://archive.today/20140616080443/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/industrial-belt-seeks-makeover/article1-692873.aspx | url-status = dead | archive-date = 16 June 2014 |title =Industrial belt seeks makeover | publisher = Hindustan Times, 3 May 2011|access-date = 13 June 2014 }}</ref>

==Assembly segments==
As per order of the [[Delimitation Commission]] issued in 2006 in respect of the [[delimitation of constituencies]] in the West Bengal, parliamentary constituency no. 28 Hooghly is composed of the following segments:<ref name =delimitation>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/WestBengal/FINAL%20ORDER%20NOTIFICATION_English.pdf | title = Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 | access-date = 2009-05-27 | work = Table B – Extent of Parliamentary Constituencies | publisher =Government of West Bengal}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! #
! Name
! District
! Member
! colspan="2" |[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026 Winner]]
! colspan="2" |2024 Lead
|-
|188
|[[Singur Assembly constituency|Singur]]
| rowspan="7" |[[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]
|Arup Kumar Das
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=6}}
|{{party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 189
|[[Chandannagar Assembly constituency|Chandannagar]]
|Dipanjan Guha
|-
|190
|[[Chunchura Assembly constituency|Chunchura]]
|Subir Nag
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
|191
|[[Balagarh Assembly constituency|Balagarh]] (SC)
|Sumana Sarkar
|-
|192
|[[Pandua Assembly constituency|Pandua]]
|Tushar Kumar Majumdar
|{{party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|193
|[[Saptagram Assembly constituency|Saptagram]]
|Swaraj Ghosh
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|197
|[[Dhanekhali Assembly constituency|Dhanekhali]] (SC)
|[[Ashima Patra]]
|{{party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|{{party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|}

Prior to delimitation, Hooghly Lok Sabha constituency was composed of the following assembly segments:<ref>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/LS_2004/Vol_III_LS_2004.pdf | title = Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha | access-date = 2010-10-01 | work = Volume III Details For Assembly Segments Of Parliamentary Constituencies | publisher = Election Commission of India }}</ref>[[Chandannagar Assembly constituency|Chandernagore]] (assembly constituency no. 182), [[Singur Assembly constituency|Singur]] (assembly constituency no. 183), [[Haripal Assembly constituency|Haripal]] (assembly constituency no. 184), [[Chunchura Assembly constituency|Chinsurah]] (assembly constituency no. 186), [[Saptagram Assembly constituency|Bansberia]] (assembly constituency no. 193), [[Polba Assembly constituency|Polba]] (assembly constituency no. 190), [[Dhanekhali Assembly constituency|Dhaniakhali (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 191)

==Members of Parliament==
{| class="wikitable"ìÍĦĤĠč
|-
! Lok Sabha!!Duration!!Name of M.P.!!colspan="2"| Party
|-
! colspan="5" align=center|Hooghly
|-
|[[1st Lok Sabha|1st]]||1952-57||[[Nirmal Chandra Chatterjee]]||{{Full party name with color|Hindu Mahasabha}}<ref name=loksabha1952>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF |title=General Elections, India, 1951- Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008191615/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF |archive-date=8 October 2014 }}</ref>
|-
|[[2nd Lok Sabha|2nd]]||1957-62||rowspan=2|Provat Kar||{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India|rowspan=2}}<ref name=loksabha1957>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1957/Vol_I_57_LS.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 1957- Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work = West Bengal | publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 June 2014}}</ref><ref name=loksabha1962>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1962- Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work = West Bengal | publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 June 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[3rd Lok Sabha|3rd]]||1962-67
|-
|[[4th Lok Sabha|4th]]||1967-71||rowspan=3|[[Bijoy Krishna Modak]]||{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=4}} [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|(Marxist)]]<ref name=loksabha1967>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf |title=General Elections, India, 1967 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718185108/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref><ref name=loksabha1971>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS71.pdf |title=General Elections, India, 1971 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718175452/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS71.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref><ref name=loksabha1977>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf |title=General Elections, 1977 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718185438/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref><ref name=loksabha1980>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf |title=General Elections, 1980 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718175926/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref>
|-
|[[5th Lok Sabha|5th]]||1971-77
|-
| [[6th Lok Sabha|6th]]||1977-80
|-
| [[7th Lok Sabha|7th]]||1980-84||[[Rupchand Pal]]
|-
|[[8th Lok Sabha|8th]]||1984-89||[[Indumati Bhattacharya]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<ref name=loksabha1984>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf |title=General Elections, 1984 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718184911/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref>
|-
| [[9th Lok Sabha|9th]]||1989-91||rowspan=6|[[Rupchand Pal]]||{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=6}} [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|(Marxist)]]<ref name=loksabha1989>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf |title=General Elections, 1989 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183934/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref><ref name=loksabha1991>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1991/VOL_I_91.pdf |title=General Elections, 1991 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183558/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1991/VOL_I_91.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref><ref name=loksabha1996>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1996/Vol_I_LS_96.pdf |title = General Elections, 1996 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work = West Bengal | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 2 June 2014 }}</ref><ref name=loksabha1998>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf |title=General Elections, 1998 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718181833/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref><ref name=loksabha1999>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf |title=General Elections, 1999 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183222/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref><ref name=loksabha2004>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf |title = General Elections, 2004 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work = West Bengal | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 2 June 2014 }}</ref>
|-
| [[10th Lok Sabha|10th]]||1991-96
|-
| [[11th Lok Sabha|11th]]||1996-98
|-
| [[12th Lok Sabha|12th]]||1998-99
|-
| [[13th Lok Sabha|13th]]||1999-04
|-
|[[14th Lok Sabha|14th]]||2004-09
|-
|[[15th Lok Sabha|15th]]||2009-14||rowspan=2|[[Ratna De|Ratna De Nag]]||{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}<ref name=loksabha2009>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2009/Stats/VOLI/25_ConstituencyWiseDetailedResult.pdf |title=General Elections, 2009 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811090059/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2009/Stats/VOLI/25_ConstituencyWiseDetailedResult.pdf |archive-date=11 August 2014 }}</ref><ref name=loksabha2014>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2014/33%20-%20Constituency%20wise%20detailed%20result.pdf |title = General Elections 2014 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work = West Bengal | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 19 June 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[16th Lok Sabha|16th]]||2014-19
|-
| [[17th Lok Sabha|17th]]||2019-24||[[Locket Chatterjee]]||{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<ref name=loksabha2019>{{cite web |url = http://results.eci.gov.in/pc/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS2534.htm?ac=34 |title = General Elections 2019 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work = West Bengal |publisher = Election Commission of India |access-date = 26 May 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190622134503/http://results.eci.gov.in/pc/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS2534.htm?ac=34 |archive-date = 22 June 2019 |url-status = dead }}</ref>
|-
|[[18th Lok Sabha|18th]]||2024-''Incumbent''|| [[Rachna Banerjee]]||{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=General Election to Parliamentary Constituencies: Trends & Results June-2024 – Parliamentary Constituency 28 - Hooghly (West Bengal) |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2528.htm |website=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|}

==Election results==
===General election 2024===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Indian general elections]]: [[Hugli-Chuchura|Hooghly]]<ref name="2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Hooghly">{{cite news |title=2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Hooghly |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2528.htm |access-date=18 July 2025 |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250718173821/https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2528.htm |archive-date=18 July 2025}}</ref><ref name="Hooghly Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024">{{cite news |title=Hooghly Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-constituencies/west-bengal/hooghly |access-date=18 July 2025 |publisher=The Times of India |date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250718173820/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-constituencies/west-bengal/hooghly |archive-date=18 July 2025 |language=en}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Rachna Banerjee]]
|votes = {{formatnum:702744}}
|percentage = 46.31
|change = {{increase}}5.31
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Locket Chatterjee]]|votes={{formatnum:625891}}|percentage=41.24|change={{decrease}}4.79}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=Monodip Ghosh|votes={{formatnum:139919}}|percentage=9.22|change={{increase}}0.88 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the above]]|votes={{formatnum:13352}}|percentage=0.88|change={{decrease}}0.05}}
{{Election box majority||votes={{formatnum:76853}}|percentage=5.1|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes={{formatnum:1517511}}|percentage=81.38|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing = 4.3
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2019===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Indian general elections]]: [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]<ref name=loksabha2019/><ref>{{cite web | url=http://results.eci.gov.in/pc/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS2528.htm?ac=28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622133532/http://results.eci.gov.in/pc/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS2528.htm?ac=28 | archive-date=22 June 2019 | title=General Election 2019 - Election Commission of India }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[Locket Chatterjee]]|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=671,448|percentage=46.03|change=+29.66}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Ratna De (Nag)|Dr. Ratna De (Nag)]]|party=All India Trinamool Congress|votes=598,086|percentage=41.00|change=-4.51}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Pradip Saha|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|votes=121,588|percentage=8.34|change=-27.18}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Pratul Chandra Saha|party=Indian National Congress|votes=25,374|percentage=1.74|change=-1.39}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=None of the above|party=None of the above|votes=13,525|percentage=0.93|change=''N/A''}}
{{Election box majority||votes=73,362|percentage=5.03|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,457,842|percentage=82.52|change=-0.18}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing = +17.09
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2014===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Indian general elections]]: Hooghly<ref name=loksabha2014/>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = [[Ratna De (Nag)|Dr. Ratna De (Nag)]]
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|votes = 614,312
|percentage = 45.54
|change = -6.83
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Pradip Saha
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|votes = 425,228
|percentage = 31.52
|change = -10.84
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Chandan Mitra]]
|votes = 221,271
|percentage = 16.40
|change = +12.98
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Pritam Ghosh
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 42,226
|percentage = 3.13
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Sajal Adhikari
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation
|votes = 9,152
|percentage = 0.67
|change = -0.36
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Paban Mazumder
|party = Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)
|votes = 7,682
|percentage = 0.56
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Vijay Kumar Mahato
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 5,519
|percentage = 0.40
|change = -0.45
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Sanghamitra Mukherjee
|party = Rashtriya Janasachetan Party
|votes = 3,766
|percentage = 0.27
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Shukchand Murmu
|party = Jharkhand Disom Party
|votes = 3,197
|percentage = 0.23
|change = -0.83
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 189,084
|percentage = 14.02
|change = +7.01
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 1,348,870
|percentage = 82.75
|change = +0.04
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing = -3.83
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2009===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections|General Election, 2009]]: [[Hugli-Chinsura|Hooghly]]<ref name=loksabha2009/>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Ratna De (Nag)|Dr. Ratna De (Nag)]]
|votes = 574,022
|percentage = 52.37
|change = +16.47
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = [[Rupchand Pal]]
|votes = 492,499
|percentage = 42.36
|change = -11.64
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Dr. Chuni Lal Chakraborty
|votes = 39,784
|percentage = 3.42
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jharkhand Disom Party
|candidate = Swapan Murmu
|votes = 12,417
|percentage = 1.06
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation
|candidate = Sajal Adhikari
|votes = 12,068
|percentage = 1.03
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|candidate = Satya Gopal Dey
|votes = 10,119
|percentage = 0.87
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Suryya Kanta Ray
|votes = 9,933
|percentage = 0.85
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|candidate = Alok Pathak
|votes = 6,908
|percentage = 0.59
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Samajwadi Party
|candidate = Arabinda Sen
|votes = 4,894
|percentage = 0.42
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 81,523
|percentage = 7.01
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 1,162,646
|percentage = 82.71
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2004===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections|General Election, 2004]]: [[Hugli-Chinsura|Hooghly]]<ref name=loksabha2009/>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = [[Rupchand Pal]]
|votes = 496,890
|percentage = 54.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Indrani Mukherjee
|votes = 329,924
|percentage = 35.90
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Ashok Kumar Das
|votes = 70,173
|percentage = 7.60
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jharkhand Disom Party
|candidate = Keshab Chandra Soren
|votes = 16,931
|percentage = 1.80
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Matilal Mandal
|votes = 11,101
|percentage = 1.20
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 166,966
|percentage = 18.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 919,683
|percentage = 79.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General elections 1951-2024===
Most of the contests were multi-cornered. However, only winners and runners-up are mentioned below:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!rowspan=2|Year
!colspan=3|Winner
!colspan=3|Runner-up
|-
!Candidate
!colspan=2|Party
!Candidate
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|1951
| [[Nirmal Chandra Chatterjee]]
|{{Full party name with color|Hindu Mahasabha}}
|Renuka Roy
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=6}}
|-
|1957
|rowspan=2|Provat Kar
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India|rowspan=2}}
|Sachindra Chowdhury
|-
|1962
|Nirmal Kumar Sen
|-
|1967
|rowspan=3|[[Bijoy Krishna Modak]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=4|dab=yes}}
|P.K. Palit
|-
|1972
|Phani Ghosh
|-
|1977
|Bishnu Charan Banerjee
|-
|1980
|[[Rupchand Pal]]
|Santimohan Roy
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)|dab=yes}}
|-
|1984
|[[Indumati Bhattacharya]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Rupchand Pal]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|dab=yes}}
|-
|1989
|rowspan=6|[[Rupchand Pal]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=6|dab=yes}}
|rowspan=2|Umasankar Halder
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|1991
|-
|1996
|Gouri Sankar Banerjee
|-
|1998
|rowspan=2|[[Tapan Dasgupta]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|1999
|-
|2004
|[[Indrani Mukherjee]]
|-
|2009
|rowspan=2|[[Ratna De|Ratna De Nag]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}
|[[Rupchand Pal]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=2|dab=yes}}
|-
|2014
|Pradip Saha
|-
|2019
|[[Locket Chatterjee]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Ratna De|Ratna De Nag]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|2024
|[[Rachna Banerjee]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|[[Locket Chatterjee]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]
* [[Election Commission of India]]
* [[Chandannagar subdivision|Chandannagar Subdivision]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20190602070120/https://www.indiaelections2014.info/parliament/2019/states/west_bengal/hooghly/lok_sabha_parliamentary_election_2019_results.html Hooghly lok sabha constituency election 2019 result details]

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}
{{Hooghly topics}}

{{coord|22.9|88.4|display=title}}

{{West Bengal elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hooghly Lok Sabha constituency}}
[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Hooghly district]]

Egra Assembly constituency

2026-05-06T20:40:45Z

KristineCharlton: started new article basic info...

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Egra
| type= SLA
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Vidhan Sabha constituencies/West Bengal/Egra.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Egra Assembly Constituency
| map_alt =
| mla = [[Dibyendu Adhikari]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| alliance =
| latest_election_year = [[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[Purba Medinipur district|Purba Medinipur]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Medinipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Medinipur]]
| constituency_no = 218
| established = 1957
| electors = 219,092
| reservation = None
| abolished =
}}

'''Egra Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Purba Medinipur district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Overview==
As per orders of the [[Delimitation Commission of India|Delimitation Commission]] No. 218, Egra Assembly constituency is composed of the following: [[Egra]] municipality, [[Egra I]] [[Community Development Block in India|community development blocks]], and Basudevpur, Deshbandhu, Dubda, Manjusree, Paniparul, Sarbaday and Bibekananda [[gram panchayat]]s of [[Egra II]] community development block.<ref name=delimitation>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/WestBengal/FINAL%20ORDER%20NOTIFICATION_English.pdf| title = Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 dated 15 February 2006 | access-date= 6 August 2015| work = West Bengal| publisher= Election Commission of India}}</ref>

Egra Assembly constituency is part of No. 34 [[Medinipur (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name=delimitation/> It was earlier part of [[Contai (Lok Sabha constituency)]].

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1957 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
|Bhuban Chandra Kar Mahapatra
|{{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}
|-
|[[1962 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
|Hrishikeh Chakraborty
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
|Probodh Chandra Sinha
|{{Full party name with color|Independent}}
|-
|[[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|[[Sisir Adhikari]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress|rowspan=5}}
|-
|2009★
|rowspan=3|[[Samares Das]]
|-
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|-
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|-
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|Tarun Maity
|-
|[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
|[[Dibyendu Adhikari]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|}
★By election

==Election Results==
===2026===
{{Election box begin |title=[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Egra}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Dibyendu Adhikari]]
|votes = 142670
|percentage =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Tarun Maity
|votes = 116978
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Anjan Kumar Pattnayak
|votes =
|percentage =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Subarata Panda
|votes = 5736
|percentage =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Socialist Unity Centre of India
|candidate =
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above (India)
|candidate = None of the above
|votes =
|percentage =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 25692
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
{{Election box begin |title=[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Egra}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Tarun Maity
|votes = 125,763
|percentage = 52.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Arup Das
|votes = 107,272
|percentage = 45.00
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Manas Kumar Kar Mahapatra
|votes = 5,086
|percentage = 2.00
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = NOTA
|candidate = None of the Above
|votes = 1,393
|percentage = 1.00
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Socialist Unity Centre of India
|candidate = Jagadish Sau
|votes = 1,303
|percentage = 1.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 18,491
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Trinamool Congress
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2016]]: Egra<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=218| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120519165448/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=218| url-status = usurped| archive-date = 19 May 2012|title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work = Egra| publisher =Empowering India |access-date = 2011-05-01 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_4th_phase.pdf |title=West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work=Egra |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2011-05-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912030612/http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_4th_phase.pdf |archive-date=2011-09-12 }}</ref> }}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=[[Samares Das]]|votes=113,334|percentage=52.00|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)|candidate=Shaikh Mahmud Hossain|votes=87,378|percentage=40.10|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Minati Sur|votes=13,002|percentage=6.00|change=}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Socialist Unity Centre Of India (Communist)
|candidate = Jagadis Sau
|votes = 2,340
|percentage = 1.10
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Samajwadi Party
|candidate = Gourishankar Raymahapatra
|votes = 1,829
|percentage = 0.80
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=2,17,883|percentage=(84.7%)|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2011 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2011]]: Egra<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=218| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120519165448/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=218| url-status = usurped| archive-date = 19 May 2012|title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work = Egra| publisher =Empowering India |access-date = 2011-05-01 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_4th_phase.pdf |title=West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work=Egra |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2011-05-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912030612/http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_4th_phase.pdf |archive-date=2011-09-12 }}</ref> }}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=[[Samares Das]]|votes=99,178|percentage=51.57|change=+1.46#}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)|candidate=Hrisikesh Paria|votes=83,225|percentage=43.27|change=-3.61}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Minati Sur|votes=6,358|percentage=3.31|change=}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Durga Pada Mishra
|votes = 3,565
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=192,326|percentage=87.78|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing = 5.07#
}}
{{Election box end}}

.# Swing calculated on Congress+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together in 2006. 2009 by election not taken into consideration because of lack of sufficient data.

===2009 by election===
The bypoll to the Egra occurred due to resignation of the sitting MLA of [[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]], [[Sisir Adhikari]], who was elected to the [[Indian Parliament]] from [[Kanthi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kanthi]] on 16 May 2009.
{{Election box begin | title=West Bengal state assembly by election, 2009: Egra constituency<ref name=vidhansabha2011by>{{cite web| url = http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/current-affairs/mamata-banerjee-wins-assembly-bypoll_591641.html | title = Mamata Banerjee wins assembly bypoll | access-date = 28 September 2011 | publisher = PTI, 28 September 2011 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=[[Samares Das]]|votes=72,403|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)|candidate=Prabodh Chandra Sinha|votes=66,453|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=138,856|percentage=86.46|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

.# Swing calculated on Congress+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together, as well as the DSP vote percentage, in 2006. Data for comparison not available for the 2009 by-election.

===2006===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2006 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2006]]: Egra<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=218| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120519165448/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=218| url-status = usurped| archive-date = 19 May 2012|title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work = Egra| publisher =Empowering India |access-date = 2011-05-01 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_4th_phase.pdf |title=West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work=Egra |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2011-05-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912030612/http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_4th_phase.pdf |archive-date=2011-09-12 }}</ref> }}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Sisir Kumar Adhikari]]
|votes = 67,786
|percentage = 48.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)
|candidate = Prabodh Chandra Sinha
|votes = 66,196
|percentage = 46.90
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Samsul Alam Khan
|votes = 2,964
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Jagadish Sau
|votes = 2,921
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = SPI
|candidate = Ratan Sheet
|votes = 1,334
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 1,590
|percentage = (1.1%)
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 1,41,278
|percentage = (89.8%)
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

.# Swing calculated on BJP+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together in 2006.

===1977-2009===
In the 2009 byelection, necessitated by the election of the sitting MLA [[Sisir Adhikari]] to Parliament from [[Kanthi (Lok Sabha constituency)]], Samaresh Das of [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]] defeated Prabodh Chandra Sinha.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/press/current/pn101109.pdf|title=Results of bye – elections to the 31 (thirty one) Assembly Constituencies and 1(one) Lok Sabha Constituency|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date= 2009-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.colorsofcontai.com/Old/ELECTION.html | title = Trinamool Blooms with Green | publisher = Contai Royals | access-date = 2010-12-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110708175640/http://www.colorsofcontai.com/Old/ELECTION.html | archive-date = 2011-07-08 | url-status = usurped }}</ref>

In the [[2006 West Bengal state assembly election|2006 state assembly elections]], Sisir Adhikari of Trinamool Congress won the 213 Egra assembly seat defeating his nearest rival Prabodh Chandra Sinha of [[Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)|DSP (PC)]]. Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners are being mentioned. Prabodh Chandra Sinha, contesting as Independent or on [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] symbol, won the Egra seat between 1982 and 2001, defeating Tapan Kanti Kar of Trinamool Congress in 2001, Sohan Jyoti Maiti of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 1996, Tapan Kanti Kar of Congress in 1991, Kshitindra Mohan Sahoo of Congress in 1987 and Khan Samsul Alam of Congress in 1982. Prabodh Chandra Sinha representing [[Janata Party]] defeated Anandi Nandan Das of CPI(M) in 1977.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/archive/ElectionAnalysis/AE/S25/Partycomp213.htm |title = 213 - Egra Assembly Constituency |work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 2010-12-07 }}</ref>

===1957-1972===
[[Khan Samsul Alam]] of Congress won in 1972. Prabodh Chandra Sinha of [[Praja Socialist Party|PSP]] won in 1971. Bibhuti Pahari of PSP won in 1969 and 1967. Hrishikesh Chakraborty of Congress won in [[1962 West Bengal state assembly election|1962]]. Bhuban Chandra Kar Mahapatra won in [[1957 West Bengal state assembly election|1957]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/electionstatistics.asp | title = Statistical Reports of Elections | access-date = 2010-12-01 | work = General Election Results and Statistics | publisher = Election Commission of India | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101005110118/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp | archive-date = 2010-10-05 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Purba Medinipur topics}}
{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}

{{West Bengal elections}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Purba Medinipur district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1957]]
[[Category:1957 establishments in West Bengal]]

Mananthavady Assembly constituency

2026-05-05T12:02:28Z

KristineCharlton: New - done

{{Short description|Constituency of the Kerala legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Mananthavady
| state = Kerala
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 17
| map_image = Kabani River.jpg
| map_caption = Kabani River, Situated At The Banks Of Mananthavady
| established = 2008
| reservation = ST
| incumbent_image =
| loksabha_cons = [[Wayanad Lok Sabha constituency|Wayanad]]
| district = [[Wayanad district]]
| mla = [[Usha Vijayan]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| alliance = {{legend2|#022398|'''[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]]'''|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}
| latest_election_year = [[2026 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
| electors = 1,95,048 (2021)
}}
'''Mananthavady''' is one of the 140 [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|state legislative assembly]] constituencies in [[Kerala]] in southern [[India]]. It is also one of the seven [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|state legislative assembly]] constituencies included in [[Wayanad Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/wayanad.html
|website = www.ceo.kerala.gov.in
|title = State Assembly constituencies in Wayanad district, Kerala.
|access-date = 6 September 2019
|archive-date = 23 September 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190923040516/http://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/wayanad.html
|url-status = dead
}}</ref> As of the [[2026 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2026 Assembly elections]], the current MLA is [[Usha Vijayan]] of [[Indian National Congress]].

Mananthavady Assembly constituency was established by the 2008 delimitation. From 1965 to 2008, it was known as North Wynad.

==Local self-governed segments==
Mananthavady Assembly constituency is composed of the following local self-governed segments:<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/wayanad.html
|website = www.ceo.kerala.gov.in
|title = Local Self Governments in Assembly Constituencies of Wayanad District
|access-date = 6 September 2019
|archive-date = 23 September 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190923040516/http://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/wayanad.html
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
!width="30px" |Sl no.
!width="100px" |Name
!width="130px" |Status ([[Gram panchayat|Grama panchayat]]/[[Municipality]])
!width="100px" |[[Tehsil|Taluk]]
!width="60px" |[[2025 Kerala local elections|Ruling alliance]]

|-
|1
|[[Mananthavady]]
|Municipality
|[[Mananthavady]]
| style="text-align: center; background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}};"|[[united Democratic Front (Kerala)|'''UDF''']]

|-
|2
|[[Edavaka, Mananthavady|Edavaka]]
|Grama panchayat
|Mananthavady
| style="text-align: center; background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}};"|[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|'''UDF''']]

|-
|3
|[[Panamaram]]
|Grama panchayat
|Mananthavady
| style="text-align: center; background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}};"|[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|'''UDF''']]

|-
|4
|[[Thalappuzha, Wayanad|Thavinhal]]
|Grama panchayat
|Mananthavady
| style="text-align: center; background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}};"|[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|'''UDF''']]

|-
|5
|[[Thirunelly]]
|Grama panchayat
|Mananthavady
| style="text-align: center; background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}};"|[[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|'''LDF''']]

|-
|6
|[[Thondernad]]
|Grama panchayat
|Mananthavady
| style="text-align: center; background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}};"|[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|'''UDF''']]

|-
|7
|[[Vellamunda (gram panchayat)|Vellamunda]]
|Grama panchayat
|Mananthavady
| style="text-align: center; background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}};"|[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|'''UDF''']]
|}
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
The following list contains all members of [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] who have represented Mananthavady Assembly constituency during the period of various assemblies:<ref>{{cite web
|url = https://www.mapsofindia.com/assemblypolls/kerala/mananthavady-st-assembly-constituency-map.html
|website = www.mapsofindia.com
|title = Members of Kerala Legislative Assembly: Mananthavady
}}</ref>

===As North Wynad/Mananthavady===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Election
! Name
! colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1965 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1965]]
|K. K. Annan
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}

|-
| [[1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| K. K. Annan
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
| [[1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1970]]
| rowspan="4" | M. V. Rajan
| {{Full party name with color|rowspan=8|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|-
| [[1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
|-
| [[1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1982]]
|-
| [[1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1987]]
| rowspan="2" | K. Raghavan Master
|-
| [[1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1991]]
|-
| [[1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Radha Raghavan]]
|-
| [[2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
|-
| [[2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
| K. C. Kunhiraman
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|[[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|[[P. K. Jayalakshmi]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|[[O. R. Kelu]]
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|[[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|[[O. R. Kelu]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|[[2026 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
|[[Usha Vijayan]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

== Election results ==

===2026===

{{Election box begin | title=[[2026 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Manathavady}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Usha Vijayan]]|votes=77,425|percentage=46.92%|change={{gain}}5.46}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=[[O. R. Kelu]]|votes=66,882|percentage=40.53%|change={{loss}}7.01}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=BJP|candidate=P. Shyamraj|votes=19,681|percentage=11.93|change={{gain}}3.31}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=1018|percentage=0.62|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory|
|votes =10543
|percentage =6.39%
|change ={{gain}}1.19
}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=165006|percentage=75.89%|change=}}

{{Election box gain with party link|loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|winner=Indian National Congress|swing={{gain}}6.39}}{{Election box end}}

=== 2021 ===

{{Election box begin
|title=[[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Mananthavady}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=[[O. R. Kelu]]|votes=72,536|percentage=47.54|change={{increase}}4.3}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[P. K. Jayalakshmi]]|votes=63,254|percentage=41.46|change={{decrease}}0.8}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Palliyara Mukundan|votes=13,142|percentage=8.62|change={{decrease}}2.6}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Social Democratic Party of India|candidate=Babitha Sreenu|votes=1992|percentage=1.31|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=9282|percentage=6.1|change={{increase}}5.20}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,51,784|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box Registered electors|
|reg. electors =1,86,656
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner= Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|loser=[[PK Jayalaxmi]]
|swing=}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
There were 1,87,760 registered voters in Mananthavady Assembly constituency for the 2016 Assembly election.<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3767-kerala-general-legislative-election-2016
|website = eci.gov.in
|title = Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2016, Election commission of India
}}</ref>
{{Election box begin|title=[[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Mananthavady]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=[[O. R. Kelu]]|votes=62,436|percentage=43.10|change={{increase}}2.58}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[P. K. Jayalakshmi]]|votes=61,129|percentage=42.20|change={{decrease}}8.58}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=K. Mohandas|votes=16,230|percentage=11.20|change={{increase}}6.58}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Social Democratic Party of India|candidate=Soman P. N.|votes=1,377|percentage=0.95|change={{decrease}}0.94}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Lakshmi|votes=1,300|percentage=0.89|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=1,050|percentage=0.72|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Annan Madakkimala|votes=679|percentage=0.47|change={{decrease}}0.31}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Kelu Chayimmal|votes=583|percentage=0.40|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|candidate=Vijayan|votes=224|percentage=0.15|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Usha K.|votes=205|percentage=0.14|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Kelu Kolliyil|votes=196|percentage=0.13|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Nittamani K. Kunhiraman|votes=183|percentage=0.13|change=-}}{{Election box margin of victory||votes=1,307|percentage=0.90|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,87,377|percentage=77.30|change={{increase}}3.06}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner= Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|loser= Indian National Congress
|swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2011 ===
There were 1,67,097 registered voters in the constituency for the 2011 election.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2011, Election commission of India|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3763-kerala-2011|access-date=11 March 2020|website=eci.gov.in}}</ref>

{{Election box begin|title=[[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Mananthavady]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[P. K. Jayalakshmi]]|votes=62,996|percentage=50.78|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=K. C. Kunhiraman|votes=50,262|percentage=40.52|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Irumuttoor Kunhiraman|votes=5,732|percentage=4.62|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Social Democratic Party of India|candidate=A. Gopakumar|votes=2,342|percentage=1.89|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=P. U. Babu|votes=1,712|percentage=1.38|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Annan Madakkimala|votes=1,008|percentage=0.81|change=}}{{Election box margin of victory||votes=12,734|percentage=10.26|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,24,052|percentage=74.24|change=}}{{Election box new seat win|winner=Indian National Congress}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==

* [[Mananthavady]]
* [[Wayanad district]]
* [[List of constituencies of the Kerala Legislative Assembly]]
* [[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Kerala Assembly Constituencies}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Kerala]]
[[Category:State assembly constituencies in Wayanad district]]
[[Category:Mananthavady Area]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Kerala]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]

Dhupguri Girls' College

2026-05-03T13:08:48Z

KristineCharlton: started first post initial version

{{Proposed deletion/dated
|concern = [[Fails WP:NSCHOOL]] and [[WP:GNG]]
|timestamp = 20260503130848
|nom = Filmssssssssssss
|help = off
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{EngvarB|date=November 2017}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Dhupguri Girls' College
| image =
| established = {{start date and age|2013}}
| type = Undergraduate [[Public college]]
| principal =
| city = [[Dhupguri]]
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| country = India
| postcode = 735210
| coordinates = {{coord|26|33|46.98|N|89|02|16.11|E|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India
| campus = Urban
| affiliations = [[University of North Bengal]]
| website = [http://www.dhupgurigirlscollege.ac.in Dhupguri Girls' College]
}}
'''Dhupguri Girls' College''', established in 2013, is the women's general degree college in [[Dhupguri]]. It offers undergraduate courses in arts. The campus is in the [[Jalpaiguri]] district. It is affiliated to [[University of North Bengal]].<ref>[http://www.nbu.ac.in/Affiliated%20Colleges.htm?st= Colleges under University of North Bengal] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304091951/http://www.nbu.ac.in/Affiliated%20Colleges.htm|date=4 March 2016 }}</ref>

==Departments==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ '''Arts Departments'''
|-
! Faculty
! Departments
|-
| '''Arts'''
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English literature|English]], [[Education]], [[History]], [[Sanskrit]], [[Political Science]], [[Philosophy]], [[Sociology]]
|}

==Accreditation==
The college is recognised by the [[University Grants Commission (India)|University Grants Commission]] (UGC).<ref name=UGC>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ugc.ac.in/inside/browse_reco_colleges.php?st=West%20Bengal |title=Colleges in West Bengal, University Grants Commission |access-date=11 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111116042454/http://www.ugc.ac.in/inside/browse_reco_colleges.php?st=West%20Bengal |archive-date=16 November 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==See also==
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*[[List of institutions of higher education in West Bengal]]
*[[Education in India]]
*[[Education in West Bengal]]
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://www.dhupgurigirlscollege.ac.in/}}
*[http://www.nbu.ac.in/ University of North Bengal]
*[http://www.ugc.ac.in/ University Grants Commission]
*[http://www.naac.gov.in/ National Assessment and Accreditation Council]

{{University of North Bengal}}

[[Category:Colleges affiliated to University of North Bengal]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 2013]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Jalpaiguri district]]
[[Category:Women's universities and colleges in West Bengal]]
[[Category:2013 establishments in West Bengal]]

{{WestBengal-university-stub}}

Varanasi–Howrah high-speed rail corridor

2026-05-01T18:51:25Z

KristineCharlton: New new details

{{short description|Under-construction high-speed rail line}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox rail line
| box_width =
| name = Varanasi–Kolkata High Speed Rail Corridor
| other_name =
| color =
| logo =
| logo_width =
| logo_alt =
| image =
| image_width =
| image_alt =
| caption =
| type = [[High-speed rail]]
| system =
| status = DPR being prepared
| locale = {{unbulleted list|[[Uttar Pradesh]]|[[Bihar]]|[[Jharkhand]]|[[West Bengal]]}}
| start = [[Varanasi]]
| end = [[Kolkata]]
| stations = 10
| routes =
| daily_ridership =
| ridership2 =
| planopen = {{Start date and age|2031|df=y}} <ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/railway-budget-2021-bullet-train-expectations-list-mumbai-ahmedabad-varanasi/articleshow/80419088.cms|title=Railway Budget 2021: Indian Railways to focus on new bullet train networks in coming years?|publisher=The Times of India|date=23 January 2021}}</ref>
| open = 
| yearcommenced =
| yearcompleted = 
| event1label =
| event1 =
| event2label =
| event2 =
| event3label =
| event3 =
| owner = [[Indian Railways]]
| operator = [[National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited]]
| character = TBD (Elevated, underground, and [[grade-separated]])
| depot =
| stock = [[E10 Series Shinkansen]]
| linelength_km = 711
| tracklength_km =
| tracklength =
| tracks =
| gauge = {{Track gauge|1,435 mm|allk=on}}
| load_gauge =
| minradius =
| racksystem =
| routenumber =
| linenumber =
| electrification = [[25 kV AC railway electrification|25 kV AC]], 50 Hz, [[overhead catenary]]
| speed_km/h = 350 <ref name="top">{{cite web|url=https://themetrorailguy.com/nhsrcl-varanasi-howrah-high-speed-rail-information-route-map-fares-timings-tenders-status-updates/|title= Varanasi – Howrah High Speed Rail – Information, Route Map, Fares, Tenders & Updates|publisher=The Metro Rail Guy}}</ref>
| elevation_m =
| elevation_ft =
| elevation =
| website = {{URL|https://www.nhsrcl.in/}}
| map = {{Varanasi–Howrah high-speed rail corridor}}
| map_name =
| map_state = uncollapsed
}}

The '''Varanasi–Kolkata High Speed Rail Corridor''' is a planned [[high-speed rail]] line connecting [[Varanasi]] with the city of [[Kolkata]]. When completed, it will be a portion of the [[Delhi–Kolkata high-speed rail corridor|Delhi-Kolkata High-Speed Rail Corridor]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 August 2018|title=More bullet train networks! Know Indian Railways high-speed rail plans for Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/infrastructure/railways/bullet-train-network-to-connect-delhi-mumbai-kolkata-chennai-know-about-plans-for-high-speed-rail/1276221/ |access-date=23 October 2021 |work=The Financial Express |language=en-US}}</ref>

The project will connect the five major cities: [[Varanasi]], [[Patna]], [[Gaya, India|Gaya]], [[Dhanbad]] and [[Kolkata]] ([[Howrah]]) of [[East India|Eastern India]]. The route is set to be of 760 kilometres in length, with number of stations and cost of project yet to be finalised.<ref name="top" />

==Stations==
The proposed stations on this corridor are:

* [[Varanasi Junction railway station|Varanasi]]
* [[Buxar railway station|Buxar]]
* [[Arrah]]
* [[Patna Junction railway station|Patna]]
* [[Gaya, India|Gaya]]
* [[Dhanbad]]
* [[Asansol]]
* [[Durgapur]]
* [[Bardhaman|Burdwan]]
* [[Howrah]]

==Project status==
===2022===
*'''November''': According to the report, the survey work on the corridor was completed in Bihar. The 718 km long stretch was set to be completely elevated with stations in Buxar, Patna, Gaya, Dhanbad, Asansol, Durgapur and Howrah. The preparation for land acquisition was started and the officials were awaiting for the green signal from railways to start acquiring the land and thereby starting the construction. The train would complete the journey in just over two hours with a speed of 350 kmph.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/nation-and-world/patna-to-kolkata-delhi-high-speed-train-to-run-at-350-kmph-three-stations-in-bihar-31668072653765.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221115062121/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/nation-and-world/patna-to-kolkata-delhi-high-speed-train-to-run-at-350-kmph-three-stations-in-bihar-31668072653765.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 November 2022|title=Howrah-Patna-Delhi হাইস্পিড ট্রেন! শীঘ্রই শুরু হবে লাইন বসানোর কাজ|publisher=Hindustan Times|language=bn|date=11 November 2022}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[High-speed rail in India]]
** [[Chennai–Mysuru high-speed rail corridor]]
** [[Delhi–Varanasi high-speed rail corridor]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{URL|http://business.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/aug/04/slide-show-1-delhi-agra-lucknow-patna-bullet-trains-soon.htm|Delhi-Agra, Lucknow-Patna bullet trains soon?}}
* {{URL|https://web.archive.org/web/20131105233533/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-12/lucknow/28683188_1_pune-mumbai-ahmedabad-delhi-chandigarh-amritsar-delhi-agra-lucknow-varanasi-patna|City may get high speed train}}

{{High-speed rail in India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Varanasi–Howrah high-speed rail corridor}}
[[Category:Transport in Varanasi]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Howrah]]
[[Category:High-speed railway lines in India|V]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Bihar]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Delhi]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge railways in India]]
[[Category:Proposed infrastructure in Bihar]]
[[Category:Proposed infrastructure in Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Proposed infrastructure in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Proposed infrastructure in West Bengal]]

{{India-rail-transport-stub}}

Kunduru Nagarjuna Reddy

2026-04-24T04:46:29Z

KristineCharlton: Adding first info v1...

{{Short description|Indian politician (born 1981)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
'''Kunduru Nagarjuna Reddy''' (born 1981) is an Indian politician from [[Andhra Pradesh]]. He was an MLA of [[YSR Congress Party]] from [[Markapuram Assembly constituency]] in [[Prakasam district]]. He won the [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Markapuram Assembly Election 2024: Markapuram Election Winning Candidates List, Election Date, Results, Vote Share New-IndiaToday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/andhra-pradesh/markapuram-constituency-result-1111 |access-date=2024-05-22 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Markapuram Election 2024: Get Latest News Updates of the Markapuram Constituency Seat in Andhra Pradesh Assembly Election 2024. |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly-election/markapuram-constituency/ |access-date=2024-05-22 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> He shifted to Giddalur constituency but lost the seat to TDP in the [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2024 Assembly election]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Markapuram Assembly Election Results 2024: Markapuram Election Candidates List, Election Date, Vote Share - IndiaToday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/andhra-pradesh/markapuram-constituency-result-1111 |access-date=2024-07-11 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Reddy was born in Pedda Konda Reddy village, Chennakesava Nagar, Markapuram. His father, Kunduru Peda Konda Reddy, a former four time MLA, also from Giddalur. He did his Master of Science from [[University of Houston]], Texas, USA. He worked as a software engineer at Wincor Nixdorf in [[San Francisco]], California from 2007 to 2010. Later, he returned to India and worked at Newton's Institute of Engineering in Macherla.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-04-05 |title=Kunduru Nagarjuna Reddy {{!}} MLA {{!}} YSRCP {{!}} Markapuram {{!}} Andhra Pradesh |url=https://theleaderspage.com/kunduru-nagarjuna-reddy/ |access-date=2024-05-22 |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Political career ==
Reddy became an MLA for the first time winning the [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] representing [[YSR Congress Party]] from [[Markapuram Assembly constituency]].<ref name=":0" /> He defeated Kandula Narayana Reddy of [[Telugu Desam Party]] by a margin of 18,667 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ప్రజా ప్రతినిధులు {{!}} ప్రకాశం జిల్లా, ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్ ప్రభుత్వం {{!}} India |url=https://prakasam.ap.gov.in/te/%e0%b0%aa%e0%b1%8d%e0%b0%b0%e0%b0%9c%e0%b0%be-%e0%b0%aa%e0%b1%8d%e0%b0%b0%e0%b0%a4%e0%b0%bf%e0%b0%a8%e0%b0%bf%e0%b0%a7%e0%b1%81%e0%b0%b2%e0%b1%81-2/ |access-date=2024-05-22 |language=te}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nandam |first=Naresh |date=2024-01-01 |title=Reddy community rules Markapuram constituency |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/reddy-community-rules-markapuram-constituency-848024 |access-date=2024-05-22 |website=www.thehansindia.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-22 |title=Markapuram Assembly Election Results 2024: Markapuram Andhra Pradesh Election Schedule, Vote share and Results |url=https://www.loksatta.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly-election/markapuram-constituency/ |access-date=2024-05-22 |website=Loksatta |language=mr}}</ref> He shifted to the neighbouring [[Giddalur Assembly constituency]] for the 2024 election and polled 97,490 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Markapuram Constituency Election Results 2024: Markapuram Assembly Seat Details, MLA Candidates & Winner |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/andhra-pradesh/constituency-show/markapuram |access-date=2024-07-11 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> But he lost the Giddalur seat to [[Muthumula Ashok Reddy]] by a margin of 973 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Babu |first=IVNP Prasad |date=2024-05-04 |title=Markapur gets ready for fierce fight |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2024/May/04/markapur-gets-ready-for-fierce-fight |access-date=2024-05-22 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nagarjuna Reddy, Kunduru}}
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1981 births]]
[[Category:University of Houston alumni]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2024–2029]]

Raghib Ahsan

2026-04-22T02:05:30Z

KristineCharlton: New!

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
'''Raghib Ahsan''' was a politician and member of the [[Constituent Assembly of India]]. He was an advisor to [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-08-25 |title=The man who played a role in the politics of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh |url=https://theprint.in/forgotten-founders/the-man-who-played-a-role-in-the-politics-of-india-pakistan-and-bangladesh/103976/ |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> He is known for working in the creation of both the [[constitution]] of [[Constitution of India|India]] and [[Constitution of Pakistan|Pakistan]].<ref name=":0" />

== Early life ==
Ahsan was born in 1905.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=The Bengal contingent at the Constituent Assembly |url=https://www.getbengal.com/details/the-bengal-contingent-at-the-constituent-assembly |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=Get Bengal |language=en}}</ref> He completed his [[bachelor's degree]] and [[Master's degree|master's]] from the [[University of Calcutta]].<ref name=":1" />

== Career ==
Ahsan was in the [[Khilafat Movement]] led by [[Shaukat Ali (politician)|Shaukat Ali]] and [[Mohammad Ali Jauhar]].<ref name=":1" /> He was also a close associate to [[Muhammad Iqbal]].<ref name=":1" /> In 1922, he was imprisoned.<ref name=":1" /> He formed the All India Muslim Youth League.<ref name=":1" /> In 1937, he joined the [[All-India Muslim League|All India Muslim League]] Council.<ref name=":1" /> He was one of the main leaders of the [[Direct Action Day]] in 1946 in [[Kolkata]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=STRANDED PAKISTANIS: DID THEY COMMIT SOME MISTAKES OF JUDGMENT? By: FAIZ AL-ALNAJDI - South Asian Pulse |url=http://www.sapulse.com/new_comments.php?id=A2347_0_1_0_M |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=www.sapulse.com}}</ref>

Ahsan migrated to [[Dhaka]], [[Pakistan]], after the [[Partition of India|Partition]] of [[India]] and helped in the drafting the constitution of Pakistan.<ref name=":1" /> He formed the Anjuman-e-Mohajreen-wal-Ansar to lead the [[Mahajir (Pakistan)|Mahajir]] immigrant community in [[East Pakistan]] who had migrated from India.<ref name=":2" /> He served as the General Secretary of the Bihar Muslim Relief Committee in [[Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ghosh |first=Papiya |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xP4jAwAAQBAJ&dq=Raghib+Ahsan+east+pakistan&pg=PA9 |title=Partition and the South Asian Diaspora: Extending the Subcontinent |date=2014-03-21 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-80966-1 |pages=9 |language=en}}</ref>

In Pakistan, Ahsan joined the [[Pakistan Democratic Party]]. He opposed the [[Independence of Bangladesh]] and moved to [[Karachi]] after [[Bangladesh]] became an independent country.<ref name=":1" />

== Death ==
Ahsan died in 1975.<ref name=":1" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ahsan, Raghib}}
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1975 deaths]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of India]]
[[Category:All-India Muslim League politicians]]

Harirampur Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:39:01Z

KristineCharlton: Adding basic data basic info...

{{Short description|Assembly constituency in West Bengal, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Harirampur
| type= SLA
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Vidhan Sabha constituencies/West Bengal/Harirampur.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Harirampur Assembly Constituency
| map_alt =
| mla = [[Biplab Mitra]]
| party = [[All India Trinamool Congress]]
| alliance =
| latest_election_year = [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[Dakshin Dinajpur district|Dakshin Dinajpur]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Balurghat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Balurghat]]
| constituency_no = 42
| established = 2011
| electors = 228,189
| reservation = None
| abolished =
}}

'''Harirampur Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Dakshin Dinajpur district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Overview==
As per orders of the [[Delimitation Commission of India|Delimitation Commission]], No. 42 Harirampur Assembly constituency covers [[Buniadpur Municipality]], [[Harirampur (Community development block)|Harirampur]] [[Community Development Block in India|community development block]], and [[Bansihari (Community development block)|Bansihari]] community development block.<ref name =delimitation>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/WestBengal/FINAL%20ORDER%20NOTIFICATION_English.pdf |title = Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 | access-date = 2 July 2014 | work = West Bengal | publisher = Election Commission of India}}</ref>

Harirampur Assembly constituency is part of No. 6 [[Balurghat (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name =delimitation/>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|[[Biplab Mitra]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|[[Rafikul Islam]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|dab=yes}}
|-
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|[[Biplab Mitra]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|}

==Election results==

===2026===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Harirampur}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Biplab Mitra|party=Trinamool Congress|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate= Debabrata Majumder|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate= Gautam Goswami|party=Left Front (West Bengal)|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Subhasish Pal|party=Indian National Congress|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]|party=None of the above (India)|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner =
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
{{Election box begin | |title=[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2021]]: Harirampur constituency}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Biplab Mitra]]
|votes = 96,131
|percentage = 51.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Nilanjan Roy
|votes = 73,459
|percentage = 39.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Rafikul Islam
|votes = 12,444
|percentage = 7.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent politician
|candidate = Bijan Chakraborty
|votes = 1,831
|percentage = 1.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = NOTA
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]
|votes = 1,823
|percentage = 1.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party =
|candidate = Rest of the candidates
|votes = ~2,000
|percentage = 1.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 22,672
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
In the 2016 election, Raikul Islam of CPI (M) defeated his nearest rival Biplab Mitra of Trinamool Congress

{{Election box begin | title=[[2016 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2016]]: Harirampur constituency}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Rafikul Islam
|votes = 71,447
|percentage = 42.83
|change = +0.54
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Biplab Mitra]]
|votes = 66,943
|percentage = 40.13
|change = -6.31
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Phani Bhusan Mahata
|votes = 19,845
|percentage = 11.90
|change = +6.77
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Kamtapur People's Party (United)
|candidate = Tarun Sarkar
|votes = 2,020
|percentage = 1.21
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jharkhand Disom Party
|candidate = Bibhuti Tudu
|votes = 1,904
|percentage = 1.14
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|candidate = Anarul Haque Ansari
|votes = 1,673
|percentage = 1.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above]]
|votes = 1,648
|percentage = 0.99
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Durga Hembram
|votes = 1,336
|percentage = 0.80
|change = -0.57
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 166,816
|percentage = 84.89
|change = +0.28
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|loser = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011===
In the 2011 election, Biplab Mitra of Trinamool Congress defeated his nearest rival Narayan Biswas of CPI(M).

{{Election box begin | title=[[2011 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2011]]: Harirampur constituency<ref name=vidhansabha2011>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2011/stat_WB_May2011.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 2011, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 9 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=42 |title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work = Harirampur |publisher = Empowering India |access-date = 4 August 2011 |archive-date = 11 June 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130611025152/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=42 |url-status = usurped }}</ref>}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Biplab Mitra]]
|votes = 65,099
|percentage = 47.44
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Narayan Biswas
|votes = 58,032
|percentage = 42.29
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Phani Bhusan Mahata
|votes = 7,039
|percentage = 5.13
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Kamal Hemram
|votes = 1,877
|percentage = 1.37
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Sahajahan Badshah
|votes = 1,660
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Bratasubhra Saha
|votes = 1,364
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Santosh Sarkar
|votes = 1,078
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Sanu Soren
|votes = 1,070
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 137,219
|percentage = 84.61
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
}}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Dakshin Dinajpur topics}}
{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}
{{West Bengal elections}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Dakshin Dinajpur district]]
[[Category:2011 establishments in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2011]]

Thug Life (2025 film)

2026-04-17T09:59:08Z

KristineCharlton: New info.

{{Short description|2025 Indian film by Mani Ratnam}}
{{Unreliable sources|date=August 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Thug Life 2025.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Mani Ratnam]]
| writer = {{Plainlist|
* Mani Ratnam
* [[Kamal Haasan]]
}}
| producer = {{Plainlist|
* Kamal Haasan
* R. Mahendran
* Mani Ratnam
* [[Siva Ananth]]
}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* Kamal Haasan
* [[Silambarasan]]
* [[Trisha Krishnan]]
* [[Aishwarya Lekshmi]]
* [[Ashok Selvan]]
* [[Abhirami (actress, born 1983)|Abhirami]]
* [[Joju George]]
* [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]]
}}
| cinematography = [[Ravi K. Chandran]]
| editing = [[A. Sreekar Prasad]]
| music = [[A. R. Rahman]]
| studio = {{Plainlist|
* [[Raaj Kamal Films International]]
* Turmeric Media
* [[Madras Talkies]]
}}
| distributor = [[#Distribution|see below]]
| released = {{Film date|2025|06|05|df=y}}
| runtime = 163 minutes<ref name="BBFC">{{Cite web |date=2025-05-28 |title=''Thug Life'' (15) |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/thug-life-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0xmdmwmzmw |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |language=en}}</ref>
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget = {{INR}}200–300 crore<ref name="gross"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Das |first=Tina |date=2025-04-18 |title=Thug Life is Kamal Haasan's peace offering to fans who waited for Mani Ratnam collab |url=https://theprint.in/feature/thug-life-is-kamal-haasans-peace-offering-to-fans-who-waited-for-mani-ratnam-collab/2594591/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250418140927/https://theprint.in/feature/thug-life-is-kamal-haasans-peace-offering-to-fans-who-waited-for-mani-ratnam-collab/2594591/ |archive-date=18 April 2025 |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=[[ThePrint]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
| gross = {{estimation}} {{INR}}97 crore<ref name="gross">{{cite web |date=24 June 2025 |title=Meet actor, who lives in Rs 130 crore bungalow, is worth Rs 600 crore, his last two films bombed at box office, he is |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-meet-actor-kamal-haasan-lives-in-rs-130-crore-bungalow-is-worth-rs-600-crore-last-two-films-indian-2-thug-life-bombed-at-box-office-3163041 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250720105213/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-meet-actor-kamal-haasan-lives-in-rs-130-crore-bungalow-is-worth-rs-600-crore-last-two-films-indian-2-thug-life-bombed-at-box-office-3163041 |archive-date=20 July 2025 |access-date=11 July 2025 |website=[[Daily News and Analysis]]}}</ref>
}}

'''''Thug Life''''' is a 2025 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[gangster film|gangster]] [[action drama film]] directed by [[Mani Ratnam]], who co-wrote the script with [[Kamal Haasan]]. Produced by [[Raaj Kamal Films International]], Turmeric Media and [[Madras Talkies]], the film stars Kamal Haasan and [[Silambarasan]] in the lead roles alongside [[Trisha Krishnan]], [[Aishwarya Lekshmi]], [[Abhirami (actress, born 1983)|Abhirami]], [[Ashok Selvan]], [[Joju George]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]], [[Mahesh Manjrekar]], [[Ali Fazal]], [[Sanjana Krishnamoorthy]] and [[Tanikella Bharani]]. It marks the reunion of Haasan and Ratnam after their previous collaboration, ''[[Nayakan]]'' (1987). The film follows Rangaraaya Sakthivel, a feared mafia kingpin in [[New Delhi]], who seeks redemption and revenge after being betrayed by his brother, Rangaraaya Manickam, and the one he raised, Amaran.

The film was officially announced in November 2022 under the tentative title ''KH234'', as it is Haasan's 234th film as a lead actor, and the official title was revealed a year later. [[Principal photography]] took place from January to late 2024 across [[Chennai]], [[Kanchipuram]], [[Puducherry (city)|Pondicherry]], New Delhi, and parts of [[North India]]. The film has music composed by [[A. R. Rahman]], cinematography handled by [[Ravi K. Chandran]], and editing by [[A. Sreekar Prasad]].

''Thug Life'' was released theatrically on 5 June 2025 in India by [[Red Giant Movies]] in standard, [[IMAX]] and [[Qube Cinema Technologies#EPIQ|EPIQ]] formats to negative reviews from critics, who praised the performances of Kamal Hassan and Silambarasan, the cinematography and the staging, but criticized the second half's predictable screenplay. The film underperformed in box-office, but became one of the [[List of Tamil films of 2025|highest-grossing Tamil films of 2025]].

== Plot ==
In 1994, in Old Delhi, gang leader Sadanand Yadav meets with rival kingpins Rangaraaya Manickavel "Manickam" and his younger brother and co-leader Rangaraaya Sakthivel to discuss a truce after years of rivalry. However, unbeknownst to Manickam and Sakthivel, Sadanand later breaks the truce by orchestrating a shootout involving the [[Delhi Police]]. The ensuing tussle results in the death of a newspaper deliveryman caught in the crossfire when he is unknowingly shot by Manickam, leaving his children, Amaran and Chandra, separated. Sakthivel believes that Amaran shielded him during the chaos. Moved by the incident after learning that Amaran's father was the newspaper deliveryman, Sakthivel adopts him and raises him as his own son, while promising Amaran that he will find Chandra.

In 2016, Manickam’s daughter Shanthi commits suicide after being cheated by Sadanand’s nephew Ranvijay. In retaliation, Amaran captures Ranvijay, and Sakthivel kills him. As a result, Sakthivel is imprisoned, leaving Amaran in charge of the empire. Later, Manickam and Amaran meet Sadanand, who proposes a peace deal: he will enter politics, and Amaran can take over his business territories. Though initially displeased, Sakthivel eventually accepts the arrangement and is released from prison. Upon his return, he approves of his daughter Mangai’s relationship with Naaga, the son of his henchman Sivaguru, and arranges their wedding. During the ceremony, he observes the shifting dynamics of his empire, with everyone now treating Amaran as the leader, concerning him because he thinks Amaran might overthrow him.

While traveling with his gang, Sakthivel narrowly survives an assassination attempt by henchmen of Deepak, Ranvijay's older brother, who swears to avenge his brother's death by finishing Sakthivel, despite Sadanand's reluctance due to their deal. Sakthivel is admitted to the hospital, where he meets Inspector Jai Royappa, who asks him about the gang war. After the incident, Sakthivel begins to suspect Amaran because of his absence during the attack, and eventually confronts him, deeply unsettling Amaran. Sakthivel's wife Jeeva tells him that Amaran was with them at that time and Mangai was pregnant, but she ended up miscarrying. Meanwhile, Manickam and others in the gang — Anburaj, Kahlua, and Pathrose — are wary of Sakthivel's constant suspicions of them and his interference in the gang's operations, and decide to overthrow him. They manipulate Amaran by falsely claiming that Sakthivel was responsible for his father's death during the 1994 shootout, convincing him to join their plot. Seeking peace, Sakthivel travels to [[Hilsa, Nepal|Hilsa]], [[Nepal]] on the way to [[Mount Kailash]] with them, unaware that another assassination attempt awaits him. Amaran joins the conspirators and throws Sakthivel off a cliff after shooting him, believing he has killed him. Upon returning, the gang declares Amaran as the new Sakthivel. However, it is revealed that Sakthivel has survived the fall and heads towards a nearby [[Monastery#Buddhism|Buddhist monastery]], narrowly escaping an avalanche.

Two years later, Sakthivel returns to Delhi, cold, calculated, and vengeful, having learnt martial arts from Nepali monks to aid in his quest. He learns that Jeeva has suffered traumatic memory loss due to the hysteria of learning about his supposed death and the subsequent manhandling by Manickam. Sakthivel then travels to [[Tiruchendur]], where Jeeva and Mangai now live, and is distraught upon seeing his wife in a pitiable condition — she cannot remember who he is — prompting him to avenge his betrayers. He then proceeds to eliminate them one by one: he kills Anburaj by pushing his head against a helicopter's rotors, Pathrose by stabbing and pushing him in front of a running train, and Manickam by shooting and pushing him off a bridge in [[Goa]]. Only Amaran and Kahlua remain; Kahlua surrenders to Sakthivel and acts as his spy to track Amaran. However, Amaran soon discovers this and regrettably kills him. Sakthivel meets Jai, the son of Samuel Royappa from the 1994 shootout, and makes a deal with him: Sakthivel will give up his important political and business contacts to Jai to expose systemic corruption, while Jai will let Sakthivel kill Amaran for revenge. Sakthivel later contacts Indrani, his mistress, who is now in a one-sided relationship with Amaran. However, Deepak unknowingly kills her in a controlled bomb blast meant for Amaran, devastating both Sakthivel and Amaran. Whilst trying to save her, Sakthivel is injured when the ceiling collapses on him. He is rescued by Jai and taken to his house.

During his recovery, Sakthivel is treated by Dr. Anna, who is revealed to be Amaran’s long-lost sister, Chandra — the one separated during the 1994 shootout. Sakthivel summons Amaran to the location of the original shootout. There, the two engage in a one-on-one fight. As the battle ends, Sakthivel convinces Amaran that he was not responsible for his father's death, making Amaran realise his mistake. Chandra arrives at the scene with Jai after having learnt of her long-lost brother's whereabouts from Sakthivel. Just when Amaran and Chandra are about to reunite, Deepak intervenes and fires a shot at Amaran. Sakthivel shields him, but the bullet fatally wounds Amaran. Sakthivel kills Deepak and tries to revive Amaran, but he dies from his injuries, leaving Sakthivel and Chandra devastated. Sakthivel later reflects on how death has haunted him throughout his life — taking his mother during childbirth, his brother through betrayal, and now Amaran, who was like a son to him.

Years later, Sakthivel, now a farmer, has given up his gangster life and lives peacefully with Jeeva (who still does not recognise him), Mangai, and others in a village with their young grandson, also named Sakthivel. During the end credits, it is shown that Jai has successfully arrested those engaging in corruption, based on information provided by Sakthivel.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
* [[Kamal Haasan]] as Rangaraaya Sakthivel Naicker "Sakthi"
* [[Silambarasan TR]] as Amaran "Amar"
** Master Kesav as Young Amaran<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO_FYMUYi3Q |title=என்னைய பார்த்து STR Sir அடிச்ச Comment... - Thug Life Young STR Kesav Exclusive |date=June 7, 2025 |publisher=Cineulagam |access-date=2026-01-24 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/cO_FYMUYi3Q |archive-date=January 24, 2026 |url-status=live |via=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* [[Trisha Krishnan]] as Indhrani, Sakthi's mistress ([[Voice-over|Voice dubbed]] by Krithika Nelson)
* [[Aishwarya Lekshmi]] as Dr. Anna/Chandra, Amaran's sister and Jai's ex-wife (Voice dubbed by Ashmini Balakrishnan)
* [[Abhirami (actress, born 1983)|Abhirami]] as Jeeva, Sakthi's wife
* [[Ashok Selvan]] as Inspector Jaikumar Royappa "Jai"
* [[Joju George]] as Kanjirappally Pathrose, Sakthi's aide
* [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]] as Rangaraaya Manickavel "Manickam", Sakthi's brother
* [[Mahesh Manjrekar]] as Sadanand Yadav, Deepak and Raanu's maternal uncle
* [[Ali Fazal]] as Deepak Yadav, Raanu's brother
* [[Tanikella Bharani]] as Sivaguru, Sakthi's aide
* [[Vadivukkarasi]] as Pechiamma "Pechi"
* [[Sanjana Krishnamoorthy]] as Mangai, Sakthi's daughter and Naaga's wife
* [[Vaiyapuri]] as Unni
* [[Arjun Chidambaram]] as Khalua, Sakthi's aide
* [[Chetan (actor)|Chetan]] as Stan, Jai's aide
* [[Bagavathi Perumal]] as Anburaj, Sakthi's aide
* [[Rohit Saraf]] as Ranvijay "Raanu" Yadav, Deepak's brother
* [[Chinni Jayanth]] as Sadanand's right-hand
* [[Baburaj (actor)|Baburaj]] as Inspector Samuel Royappa, Jai's father and Dr. Anna's former father-in-law
* Gopi Kannadasan as a corrupt police officer
* [[Elango Kumaravel]] as Muthuraman, Amaran's and Chandra's father
* Nithya Shri as Maya, Khalua's girlfriend
* Srikanth K. Vijayan as Raanu's friend
* Mahitha Ravilla
* Adithya Krishnan R as Naaga, Sivaguru's son and Mangai's husband
* Alisha Rahman as Rangaraaya Shanthi, Manickam's daughter
* Smrithi Parameswar as Sivaguru's wife
* Lavi Pajni as Sadanand's henchman
* [[Jalaja]] in a special appearance
* [[Rajshri Deshpande]] as Kanika, Sadanand's sister ([[cameo appearance]])
* [[Sanya Malhotra]] in a special appearance as a dancer in the song "Jinguchaa"
}}

== Production ==
=== Development ===
{{Multiple images
| image1 = Kamal Haasan by Gage Skidmore.jpg
| image2 = Mani Ratnam at the Museum of the Moving Image.jpg
| footer = ''Thug Life'' is the second collaboration of [[Kamal Haasan]] with [[Mani Ratnam]] after ''[[Nayakan]]'' (1987).
| direction = horizontal
| total_width = 250
}}
In late 2002, [[Kamal Haasan]] unveiled plans for a film project titled ''Moo'', which he intended to co-direct alongside filmmakers [[Mani Ratnam]] and [[Singeetam Srinivasa Rao]]. The screenplay was to explore the intricacies of the [[Rashomon effect]], presenting audiences with three distinct interpretations of a single incident. However, Ratnam opted out of the project, citing his commitments to ''[[Aayutha Ezhuthu]]'' (2004), which used a similar narrative device. Undeterred by Ratnam's departure, Haasan proceeded with the concept, resulting in the creation of ''[[Virumaandi]]'' (2004). This film, centred on the interrogation of two prison inmates, retained the thematic essence of ''Moo''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2022 |title='ஹே ராம்' படத்துக்கு வரவேற்பு பத்தல பத்தல, அதனால தான் 'விருமாண்டி'... நடிகர் கமல்ஹாசன்! |trans-title=The reception of 'Hey Ram' is overwhelming, therefore only 'Virumandi'... Actor Kamal Haasan! |url=https://ttncinema.com/kollywood/the-response-to-hey-ram-was-no-enough-to-me-says/cid8201245.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811090211/https://ttncinema.com//kollywood/the-response-to-hey-ram-was-no-enough-to-me-says/cid8201245.htm |archive-date=11 August 2022 |access-date=28 March 2024 |website=TTN Cinema |language=ta}}</ref> Following a decade, in late 2012, Hollywood producer [[Barrie M. Osborne]] had approached to make ''Moo'' into an English film. The actor announced the project in February 2013, but it was later shelved.<ref name=":13">{{Cite news |date=5 February 2013 |title=Kamal Haasan's next is titled Moo |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kamal-Haasans-next-is-titled-Moo/articleshow/18344858.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724153743/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kamal-Haasans-next-is-titled-Moo/articleshow/18344858.cms |archive-date=24 July 2018 |access-date=16 May 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

Haasan, who did a voice-over for Ratnam's ''[[Ponniyin Selvan: I]]'' in 2022, announced on 6 November that he would work with Ratnam again on a project after the [[Production of Ponniyin Selvan: I and Ponniyin Selvan: II|''Ponniyin Selvan'' film series]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2022 |title=Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam to collaborate after 35 years, film tentatively titled KH 234 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-to-collaborate-after-35-years-film-tentatively-titled-kh-234-8253251/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709131545/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-to-collaborate-after-35-years-film-tentatively-titled-kh-234-8253251/ |archive-date=9 July 2023 |access-date=13 September 2023 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> The project was funded by their companies—[[Raaj Kamal Films International]], [[Madras Talkies]]—and [[Udhayanidhi Stalin]]'s [[Red Giant Movies]], which also co-produced Haasan's ''[[Indian 2]]'' (2024).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subhakeerthana |first=S |date=6 November 2022 |title=The Nayakan duo is back! Kamal Haasan to feature in a Mani Ratnam film after 35 years |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/the-nayakan-duo-is-back-kamal-haasan-to-feature-in-a-mani-ratnam-film-after-35-years/1bf28d153c281 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204193145/https://www.ottplay.com/news/the-nayakan-duo-is-back-kamal-haasan-to-feature-in-a-mani-ratnam-film-after-35-years/1bf28d153c281 |archive-date=4 February 2023 |access-date=24 January 2024 |website=[[OTTPlay]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramachandran |first=Naman |author-link=Naman Ramachandran |date=7 November 2022 |title=Kamal Haasan, Mani Ratnam Reunite on 'KH234,' 35 Years After Blockbuster 'Nayakan' |url=https://variety.com/2022/film/asia/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-film-1235425085/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106142400/https://variety.com/2022/film/asia/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-film-1235425085/ |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=24 January 2024 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> [[Working title|Tentatively titled]] ''Kamal Haasan 234'', it marks a full-fledged reunion of the actor and director after 37 years since the release of their cult film ''[[Nayakan]]'' (1987).<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 November 2022 |title=KH234 {{!}} Kamal Haasan, Mani Ratnam join hands 35 years after 'Nayakan' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kh234-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-join-hands-35-years-after-nayakan/article66104203.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114162231/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kh234-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-join-hands-35-years-after-nayakan/article66104203.ece |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=24 January 2024 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Haasan stated that they were taking time with the development and pre-production because he and Ratnam want to make the film as strong as ''Nayakan''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 May 2023 |title=Kamal Haasan on 'KH 234': We are planning to make a strong film just like our first collaboration, 'Nayakan' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-on-kh-234-we-are-planning-to-make-a-strong-film-just-like-our-first-collaboration-nayakan/articleshow/100596253.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606112834/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-on-kh-234-we-are-planning-to-make-a-strong-film-just-like-our-first-collaboration-nayakan/articleshow/100596253.cms |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Stunt choreography duo [[Anbariv]], who became involved in the project in October 2023, stated that the film would be an [[action film]],<ref name="stuntmasters">{{Cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Stuntmasters AnbAriv say Kamal Haasan-Mani Ratnam's KH 234 a 'pure actioner': 'It will be of Hollywood standard' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/stuntmasters-anbariv-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-kh-234-actioner-hollywood-standard-9015672/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110003707/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/stuntmasters-anbariv-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-kh-234-actioner-hollywood-standard-9015672/ |archive-date=10 November 2023 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> and a few days later, it was touted as a [[Gangster film|gangster]] [[action drama film|action drama]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Kamal Haasan & Mani Ratnam's next titled 'Thug Life' |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnams-next-titled-thug-life-2758736 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607010707/https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnams-next-titled-thug-life-2758736 |archive-date=7 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sundar |first=Anusha |date=8 May 2024 |title=5 gangster films you can watch as you wait for Thug Life to release |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/cant-wait-for-thug-life-to-release-here-are-5-other-gangster-films-you-can-watch/fe80f678cf71 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606130144/https://www.ottplay.com/news/cant-wait-for-thug-life-to-release-here-are-5-other-gangster-films-you-can-watch/fe80f678cf71 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |language=en}}</ref> The film's official title, ''Thug Life'', was announced on 6 November 2023, the eve of Haasan's birthday.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=KH234 is titled Thug Life: Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam team up for another gangster film |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kh234-is-titled-thug-life-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-team-up-for-another-gangster-film-9015863/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111160959/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kh234-is-titled-thug-life-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-team-up-for-another-gangster-film-9015863/ |archive-date=11 January 2024 |access-date=24 January 2024 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> It was the first instance where a Ratnam film has been titled in English; his previous ventures were titled in regional languages.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2023 |title=படத்திற்கு ஆங்கில தலைப்பு... 40 வருட சினிமா வரலாற்றில் முதல்முறையாக மணிரத்னம் எடுத்த முடிவு...! |url=https://www.dailythanthi.com/Cinema/CinemaNews/english-title-for-the-film-decision-taken-by-mani-ratnam-for-the-first-time-in-the-history-of-40-years-of-cinema-1081925 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125161321/https://www.dailythanthi.com/Cinema/CinemaNews/english-title-for-the-film-decision-taken-by-mani-ratnam-for-the-first-time-in-the-history-of-40-years-of-cinema-1081925 |archive-date=25 January 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |website=[[Dina Thanthi]] |language=ta}}</ref>

Made on a production budget of {{INRConvert|180|c}}, with marketing costs valued at {{INRConvert|20|c}}, Kamal and Ratnam decided to take the [[revenue sharing]] model, as they were the producers and benefit the production.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Mankad |first=Himesh |date=2025-06-03 |title=Decoding The Economics of Thug Life: Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam aim for BIG profits; Recovers budget with non-theatrical but… |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/decoding-the-economics-of-thug-life-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-aim-for-big-profits-recovers-budget-with-non-theatrical-but-1390501 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250603114118/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/decoding-the-economics-of-thug-life-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-aim-for-big-profits-recovers-budget-with-non-theatrical-but-1390501 |archive-date=2025-06-03 |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Verma |first=Sakshi |date=2025-06-03 |title=Thug Life cast fees: Here's how much Kamal Haasan and Trisha Krishnan were paid for Mani Ratnam's film {{!}} Entertainment News – India TV |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/news/thug-life-cast-fees-here-s-how-much-kamal-haasan-and-trisha-krishnan-were-paid-for-mani-ratnam-s-film-2025-06-03-993125 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250722031718/https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/news/thug-life-cast-fees-here-s-how-much-kamal-haasan-and-trisha-krishnan-were-paid-for-mani-ratnam-s-film-2025-06-03-993125 |archive-date=22 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-03 |website=[[India TV]] |language=en}}</ref> Speaking to [[Anupama Chopra]], Haasan stated that the film was based on an original script he wrote, which was the shelved project ''Amar Hain''.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LfmnzygJZ4w |title="I'm Not Scared, You Also Don't Be Scared" {{!}} Kamal Haasan ft. Anupama Chopra {{!}} InFocus {{!}} THR India |date=14 May 2025 |publisher=[[The Hollywood Reporter India]] |access-date=25 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250515082946/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LfmnzygJZ4w |archive-date=15 May 2025 |via=YouTube}}</ref> The title was a pun, where the principal character Amar, who was believed to be dead is not dead, referencing the trailer of [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s ''[[The Trouble with Harry]]'' (1955). He originally wrote the basic story line and characters, while Ratnam took it and developed it further.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2025 |title=Kamal Haasan Interview: 'Thug Life' and 'Nayakan' Make You Understand The Futility of Violence |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/interviews/kamal-haasan-interview-thug-life-and-nayakan-make-you-understand-the-futility-of-violence |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250515055231/https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/interviews/kamal-haasan-interview-thug-life-and-nayakan-make-you-understand-the-futility-of-violence |archive-date=15 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter India]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 May 2025 |title=Thug Life was originally titled Amar Hai? Kamal Haasan reveals how he and Mani Ratnam developed the idea |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/thug-life-was-originally-titled-amar-hai-kamal-haasan-reveals-how-he-and-mani-ratnam-developed-the-idea-1387775 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250516091153/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/thug-life-was-originally-titled-amar-hai-kamal-haasan-reveals-how-he-and-mani-ratnam-developed-the-idea-1387775 |archive-date=16 May 2025 |access-date=15 May 2025 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref> Haasan further suggested the title, ''Thug Life'', inspired by American rapper [[Tupac Shakur]], which Ratnam was impressed and was the official title for the film.<ref name="IndiaTodayMumbai">{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Suhani |date=23 May 2025 |title=Why Thug Life's biggest USP is Mani Ratnam, Kamal Haasan collaborating again |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/why-thug-lifes-biggest-usp-is-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasan-collaborating-again-2729481-2025-05-23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525114611/https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/why-thug-lifes-biggest-usp-is-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasan-collaborating-again-2729481-2025-05-23 |archive-date=25 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-04 |title='Thug Life' title inspired by Tupac Shakur, says Kamal Haasan |url=https://www.sinardaily.my/article/727709/culture/entertainment/thug-life-title-inspired-by-tupac-shakur-says-kamal-haasan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250604054746/https://www.sinardaily.my/article/727709/culture/entertainment/thug-life-title-inspired-by-tupac-shakur-says-kamal-haasan |archive-date=4 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=Sinar Daily |language=en}}</ref>

=== Pre-production ===
{{Quote box
| quote = "[The] most exciting part of Thug Life was working with Mani—automatically all things happen [...] He adds so much value to a scene; you see it grow in front of your eyes. As a director, you can take a backseat and see a scene grow."
| source = — Haasan on his collaboration with Ratnam in ''Thug Life''<ref name="IndiaTodayMumbai" />
| align = right
| width = 25%
}}
Ratnam stated that the reason for why it took so long to collaborate, was that they did not find a suitable script for Haasan for years until they recently found one which he co-wrote along with Haasan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2024 |title=Mani Ratnam explains why it took so long for him to collaborate with Kamal Haasan again: 'It's tough…' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/mani-ratnam-explains-why-it-took-so-long-for-him-to-collaborate-with-kamal-haasan-again-101704969439186.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602022331/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/mani-ratnam-explains-why-it-took-so-long-for-him-to-collaborate-with-kamal-haasan-again-101704969439186.html |archive-date=2 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref><ref name="teaser">{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VChwoluq5-s |title=Thug Life {{!}} KH234 {{!}} Title Announcement Video {{!}} Kamal Haasan {{!}} Mani Ratnam {{!}} AR Rahman {{!}} RKFI {{!}}MT {{!}}RG |date=6 November 2023 |publisher=[[Raaj Kamal Films International]] |access-date=24 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124113701/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VChwoluq5-s |archive-date=24 January 2024 |url-status=live |via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> After ''Ponniyin Selvan: II'' released in 2023, Ratnam left to [[Kodaikanal]] to write the final script. It took four months for the writing and the pre-production.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2023 |title=Mani Ratnam begins pre-production on KH 234 |url=https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/mani-ratnam-begins-pre-production-on-kh-234-716037 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606120913/https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/mani-ratnam-begins-pre-production-on-kh-234-716037 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[DT Next]] |language=en}}</ref> A [[Muhurat shot|muhurat]] puja was held on 27 October 2023 at the headquarters of Raaj Kamal Films International in [[Chennai]].<ref name="auto4">{{Cite news |date=27 October 2023 |title=Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam tease fans ahead of the promo release; 'KH 234' crew announced! |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-tease-fans-ahead-of-the-promo-release-kh-234-crew-announced/articleshow/104746266.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027183227/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-tease-fans-ahead-of-the-promo-release-kh-234-crew-announced/articleshow/104746266.cms |archive-date=27 October 2023 |access-date=27 October 2023 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> By then, the team began shooting for the promotional teaser, which was completed within three days.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 October 2023 |title='KH 234': Kamal Haasan finalises his look for Mani Ratnam's directorial |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kh-234-kamal-haasan-finalises-his-look-for-mani-ratnams-directorial/articleshow/104487551.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124204821/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kh-234-kamal-haasan-finalises-his-look-for-mani-ratnams-directorial/articleshow/104487551.cms |archive-date=24 January 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=25 October 2023 |title='KH 234': Kamal Haasan uses a body double for Mani Ratnam's film |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kh-234-kamal-haasan-uses-a-body-double-for-mani-ratnams-film/articleshow/104694770.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605125009/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kh-234-kamal-haasan-uses-a-body-double-for-mani-ratnams-film/articleshow/104694770.cms |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The teaser was released on 6 November 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title='Thug Life': Kamal Haasan's KH234 gets its title, watch announcement video |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/don-t-talk-about-poland-india-today-malayalam-film-reviews/story/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-kh234-thug-life-trisha-dulquer-salmaan-2458878-2023-11-06 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107004027/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/don-t-talk-about-poland-india-today-malayalam-film-reviews/story/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-kh234-thug-life-trisha-dulquer-salmaan-2458878-2023-11-06 |archive-date=7 November 2023 |access-date=16 November 2024 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

In mid-September 2023, [[Ravi K. Chandran]] was announced as cinematographer, marking his fourth film with Ratnam after ''[[Kannathil Muthamittal]]'' (2002), ''Aayutha Ezhuthu'' and ''[[Yuva]]'' (2004) and second with Haasan after the unfinished film ''[[Marudhanayagam]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 September 2023 |title=Kamal Haasan to shoot for 'KH 234' teaser by September month end |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-to-shoot-for-kh-234-teaser-by-september-month-end/articleshow/103692274.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240920104714/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-to-shoot-for-kh-234-teaser-by-september-month-end/articleshow/103692274.cms |archive-date=20 September 2024 |access-date=20 September 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> [[A. R. Rahman]] would score the music, in his eighteenth consecutive film with the director.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2023 |title=KH234 officially launched; AR Rahman to compose |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/oct/27/kh234-officially-launched-ar-rahman-to-compose-48996.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125084901/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/oct/27/kh234-officially-launched-ar-rahman-to-compose-48996.html |archive-date=25 January 2024 |access-date=24 January 2024 |website=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref> He further retained his norm technicians including editor [[A. Sreekar Prasad]], production designer [[Sharmishta Roy]] and publicity designer [[Gopi Prasannaa]]. [[Amritha Ram]] would style Haasan along with his regular costume designers [[Eka Lakhani]] and makeup artist Ranjith Ambady.<ref name="auto4" /><ref name="stuntmasters" /> Chintu Mohapatra and S. Barani were appointed as the [[executive producer]]s of the film by the production house.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Ut8ts6g-OE |title=NEW THUG IN TOWN {{!}} #ThugLife {{!}} Kamal Haasan {{!}} Mani Ratnam {{!}} #STR {{!}} AR Rahman {{!}} RKFI {{!}} MT {{!}} RG |date=7 May 2024 |publisher=[[Raaj Kamal Films International]] |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529074450/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Ut8ts6g-OE |archive-date=29 May 2024 |url-status=live |via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
Haasan would sport several looks, one of which resembles his short hairstyle from ''[[Sathyaa]]'' (1988).<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 May 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan's avatar in 'Thug Life' inspired by 'Sathya'; Silambarasan's look also revealed |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-avatar-in-thug-life-inspired-by-sathya-silambarasans-look-also-revealed/articleshow/109878186.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508073020/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-avatar-in-thug-life-inspired-by-sathya-silambarasans-look-also-revealed/articleshow/109878186.cms |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The name of his character, Rangaraya Sakthivel, is a reference to his role as Sakthivel Naicker from ''Nayakan''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 November 2023 |title='Thug Life' is the title of Kamal Haasan-Mani Ratnam's 'KH234'; Trisha, Dulquer Salmaan, Jayam Ravi join cast |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/thug-life-is-the-title-of-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnams-kh234-trisha-dulquer-salmaan-jayam-ravi-join-cast/article67504087.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106122846/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/thug-life-is-the-title-of-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnams-kh234-trisha-dulquer-salmaan-jayam-ravi-join-cast/article67504087.ece |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=6 November 2023 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 June 2025 |title='Thug Life' review: Mani Ratnam-Kamal Haasan's film is affected by inconsistent storytelling |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/2025/06/05/thug-life-movie-review-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasan-tamil-film.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250617080905/https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/2025/06/05/thug-life-movie-review-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasan-tamil-film.html |archive-date=17 June 2025 |access-date=9 June 2025 |website=[[Onmanorama]] |language=en}}</ref> In early November 2023, [[Dulquer Salmaan]], [[Trisha Krishnan]] and [[Ravi Mohan]] were announced as part of the cast.{{Efn|Attributed to multiple references:<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2023 |title=Dulquer Salmaan Joins Kamal Haasan's 'Thug Life' |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/southern_cinema/dulquer-salmaan-joins-kamal-haasans-thug-life-1503238622.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224102611/https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/southern_cinema/dulquer-salmaan-joins-kamal-haasans-thug-life-1503238622.html |archive-date=24 February 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |language=en |agency=[[Asian News International|ANI]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajaraman |first=Kaushik |date=27 February 2024 |title='I try to bring in new body language with each of my characters' |url=https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/i-try-to-bring-in-new-body-language-with-each-of-my-characters-770462 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227081307/https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/i-try-to-bring-in-new-body-language-with-each-of-my-characters-770462 |archive-date=27 February 2024 |access-date=27 February 2024 |website=[[DT Next]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=6 November 2023 |title=It's Official: Dulquer Salmaan, Trisha & Jayam Ravi join the cast of Kamal Haasan's 'KH 234' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/its-official-dulquer-salmaan-trisha-join-the-cast-of-kamal-haasans-kh-234/articleshow/105007988.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124211046/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/its-official-dulquer-salmaan-trisha-join-the-cast-of-kamal-haasans-kh-234/articleshow/105007988.cms |archive-date=24 January 2024 |access-date=24 January 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Trisha to collaborate with Mani Ratnam and Kamal Haasan in KH234 |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/Nov/06/trisha-to-collaborate-with-mani-ratnam-and-kamal-haasan-in-kh234-49302.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605123456/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/Nov/06/trisha-to-collaborate-with-mani-ratnam-and-kamal-haasan-in-kh234-49302.html |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref>}} Shortly afterwards, [[Gautham Karthik]], [[Joju George]], and [[Aishwarya Lekshmi]] were confirmed to be part of the film in early January 2024.{{Efn|Attributed to multiple references:<ref>{{Cite news |date=3 December 2023 |title=Gautham Karthik to join the cast of Kamal Haasan's 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/gautham-karthik-to-join-the-cast-of-kamal-haasans-thug-life/articleshow/105705007.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302111748/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/gautham-karthik-to-join-the-cast-of-kamal-haasans-thug-life/articleshow/105705007.cms |archive-date=2 March 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=10 January 2024 |title=Joju George and Gautham Karthik join the cast of Mani Ratnam – Kamal Haasan's 'Thug Life' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/joju-george-and-gautham-karthik-join-the-cast-of-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasans-thug-life/article67727189.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240110134230/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/joju-george-and-gautham-karthik-join-the-cast-of-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasans-thug-life/article67727189.ece |archive-date=10 January 2024 |access-date=10 January 2024 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 January 2024 |title=Joju George and Gautham Karthik onboard Thug Life |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Jan/10/joju-george-and-gautham-karthik-onboard-thug-life-51114.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605123458/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Jan/10/joju-george-and-gautham-karthik-onboard-thug-life-51114.html |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2024 |title=Aishwarya Lekshmi comes onboard Kamal-starrer 'Thug Life' |url=https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/aishwarya-lekshmi-comes-onboard-kamal-starrer-thug-life-760509 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111134435/https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/aishwarya-lekshmi-comes-onboard-kamal-starrer-thug-life-760509 |archive-date=11 January 2024 |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=[[DT Next]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 January 2024 |title=Actress Aishwarya Lekshmi To Act In Kamal Haasan-starrer Thug Life |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/actress-aishwarya-lekshmi-to-act-in-kamal-haasan-starrer-thug-life-8739081.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117031624/https://www.news18.com/movies/actress-aishwarya-lekshmi-to-act-in-kamal-haasan-starrer-thug-life-8739081.html |archive-date=17 January 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[News18]] |language=en}}</ref>}} However, Dulquer was reported to have opted out in March due to scheduling conflicts, followed by reports of Ravi opting out as well.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 March 2024 |title=Exclusive! Dulquer Salmaan Opts Out Of Kamal Haasan's Thug Life! |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/exclusive-dulquer-salmaan-opts-out-of-kamal-haasans-thug-life-article-108227250 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308152942/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/exclusive-dulquer-salmaan-opts-out-of-kamal-haasans-thug-life-article-108227250 |archive-date=8 March 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |website=[[Times Now]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=23 March 2024 |title=Did Jayam Ravi and Dulquer Salmaan drop out of Kamal Haasan starrer 'Thug Life'? Here is what we know... |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/did-jayam-ravi-and-dulquer-salmaan-drop-out-of-kamal-haasan-starrer-thug-life-here-is-what-we-know-/articleshow/108736855.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327213434/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/did-jayam-ravi-and-dulquer-salmaan-drop-out-of-kamal-haasan-starrer-thug-life-here-is-what-we-know-/articleshow/108736855.cms |archive-date=27 March 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The departure of these actors, along with Gautham's, were confirmed in May when their names were omitted from a post by the production house.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 May 2024 |title=Official! Jayam Ravi and Dulquer Salman out; Silambarasan in for 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/official-jayam-ravi-and-dulquer-salman-out-silambarasan-in-for-thug-life/articleshow/109909049.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507072223/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/official-jayam-ravi-and-dulquer-salman-out-silambarasan-in-for-thug-life/articleshow/109909049.cms |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

[[Silambarasan]] was brought onboard,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sundar |first=Anusha |date=8 May 2024 |title=Silambarasan's look from Thug Life is out! Check out the racy photo of the actor from the deserts |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/silambarasans-look-from-thug-life-is-out-check-out-the-racy-look-of-the-actor-from-the-deserts/f9e5f5c7bf761 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605123457/https://www.ottplay.com/news/silambarasans-look-from-thug-life-is-out-check-out-the-racy-look-of-the-actor-from-the-deserts/f9e5f5c7bf761 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |language=en}}</ref> marking his first collaboration with Haasan and his second with Ratnam after ''[[Chekka Chivantha Vaanam]]'' (2018).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2024 |title=It's Simbu vs Simbu in Kamal Haasan production STR 48, see poster |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/its-simbu-vs-simbu-in-kamal-hassan-production-str-48-see-poster-9140999/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605123457/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/its-simbu-vs-simbu-in-kamal-hassan-production-str-48-see-poster-9140999/ |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=13 April 2024 |title=Silambarasan finalises his new look for Mani Ratnam's directorial 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/silambarasan-finalises-his-new-look-for-mani-ratnams-directorial-thug-life/articleshow/109266310.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605123501/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/silambarasan-finalises-his-new-look-for-mani-ratnams-directorial-thug-life/articleshow/109266310.cms |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The actor was initially approached for Ratnam's [[Production of Ponniyin Selvan: I and Ponniyin Selvan: II|''Ponniyin Selvan'']], but eventually was not finalised due to scheduling conflicts.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-01 |title=Silambarasan opens up at Thug Life audio launch: 'Mani Ratnam gave me a second chance' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2025/May/27/silambarasan-opens-up-at-thug-life-audio-launch-mani-ratnam-gave-me-a-second-chance |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612180418/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2025/May/27/silambarasan-opens-up-at-thug-life-audio-launch-mani-ratnam-gave-me-a-second-chance |archive-date=12 June 2025 |access-date=2025-05-27 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> Silambarasan recalled on his admiration for Haasan during his childhood, as his "on screen guru" and added that working with the actor was a "special feeling".<ref name="IndiaTodayMumbai" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Chandar |first=Bhuvanesh |date=24 May 2025 |title=Silambarasan TR interview: On Kamal Haasan's 'Thug Life' and making a 'fanboy sambavam' with Ashwath Marimuthu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/silambarasan-tr-simbu-interview-thug-life-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-str-49/article69613932.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525140822/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/silambarasan-tr-simbu-interview-thug-life-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-str-49/article69613932.ece |archive-date=25 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> His character in the film, balances both "classy, performance-oriented Simbu" as well as a "raw and stylish" version of the actor.<ref name=":3" /> [[Ashok Selvan]] was confirmed to have been brought onboard.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sundar |first=Anusha |date=18 July 2024 |title=Ashok Selvan cast in Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam's Thug Life, replacing this actor |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/ashok-selvan-cast-in-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-thug-life-confirmed/da8acf050a421 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240718072120/https://www.ottplay.com/news/ashok-selvan-cast-in-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-thug-life-confirmed/da8acf050a421 |archive-date=18 July 2024 |access-date=26 September 2024 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |language=en}}</ref> He called it a "dream come true" moment on working with the director,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2025 |title=Ashok Selvan about Kamal Haasan: The entire shoot felt like a dream, and I'm already asking Mani sir to give me another film |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Apr/18/ashok-selvan-about-kamal-haasan-the-entire-shoot-felt-like-a-dream-and-im-already-asking-mani-sir-to-give-me-another-film |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250516162322/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Apr/18/ashok-selvan-about-kamal-haasan-the-entire-shoot-felt-like-a-dream-and-im-already-asking-mani-sir-to-give-me-another-film |archive-date=16 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref> while also recalling on he had been auditioned for the director's ''[[Kadal (2013 film)|Kadal]]'' (2013), which he was not selected.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLQbEQ0jaI4 |title=Thug Life Audio Launch {{!}} Kamal Haasan {{!}} Mani Ratnam {{!}} A.R. Rahman {{!}} STR {{!}} Trisha |date=24 May 2025 |last=Madras Talkies |time=53:05{{ndash}}57:05 |access-date=25 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525142144/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLQbEQ0jaI4 |archive-date=25 May 2025 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}</ref>

[[Sanya Malhotra]] would make her Tamil debut with this film.<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1913134861394870273 |user=CcInfilmin |title=Sanya Malhotra dances beside @SilambarasanTR_ in her Tamil debut |author=Insplag |date=18 April 2025 |access-date=19 April 2025}}</ref> Although it was originally believed that she would have a major role, Ratnam confirmed her role was limited to the song "Jingucha".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sehgal |first=Chirag |date=24 May 2025 |title=Thug Life: Mani Ratnam Confirms Sanya Malhotra's Cameo In Kamal Haasan's Film |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/regional-cinema/thug-life-mani-ratnam-confirms-sanya-malhotra-cameo-in-kamal-haasan-film-ws-dl-9350417.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250822120345/https://www.news18.com/movies/regional-cinema/thug-life-mani-ratnam-confirms-sanya-malhotra-cameo-in-kamal-haasan-film-ws-dl-9350417.html |archive-date=22 August 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[News18]] |language=en}}</ref> He explained that since the film is set in Delhi, and the need for a North Indian actress, resulted in her casting.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=23 May 2025 |title=Thug Life: Mani Ratnam Clear The Air Around Sanya Malhotra's Role In The Film |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/south/thug-life-mani-ratnam-clear-the-air-around-sanya-malhotras-role-in-the-film-74050.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251001225107/https://www.filmfare.com/news/south/thug-life-mani-ratnam-clear-the-air-around-sanya-malhotras-role-in-the-film-74050.html |archive-date=1 October 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[Filmfare]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Pankaj Tripathi]], [[Ali Fazal]] and [[Vaiyapuri]] were present at the film's preliminary shooting,<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 April 2024 |title=Mani Ratnam, Kamal Haasan, Ali Fazal in New Delhi to shoot for 'Thug Life' |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/regional-indian-cinema-news/article/mani-ratnam-kamal-haasan-ali-fazal-in-new-delhi-to-shoot-for-thug-life-23346661 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507213439/https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/regional-indian-cinema-news/article/mani-ratnam-kamal-haasan-ali-fazal-in-new-delhi-to-shoot-for-thug-life-23346661 |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=[[Mid-Day]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="rawal" /> although Tripathi later denied being part of the cast.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-03 |title=Pankaj Tripathi denies being part of Kamal Haasan's Thug Life: Jhoothi khabar |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/pankaj-tripathi-denies-kamal-haasan-collaboration-language-concerns-2734970-2025-06-03 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250614173255/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/pankaj-tripathi-denies-kamal-haasan-collaboration-language-concerns-2734970-2025-06-03 |archive-date=14 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-03 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> In June 2024, it was announced that [[Rohit Saraf]] had joined the film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2024 |title=Rohit Saraf joins Kamal Haasan in Mani Ratnam's 'Thug Life' |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/rohit-saraf-joins-kamal-haasan-in-mani-ratnams-thug-life-1503314388.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240701005718/https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/rohit-saraf-joins-kamal-haasan-in-mani-ratnams-thug-life-1503314388.html |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=1 July 2024 |website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |language=en}}</ref> In July 2024, [[Abhirami Gopikumar|Abhirami]] and [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]] were also cast in prominent roles,<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan and Simbu's leaked still from 'Thug Life' sets in Delhi goes viral |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-and-simbus-leaked-photo-from-thug-life-sets-in-delhi-goes-viral/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605123501/https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/kamal-haasan-and-simbus-leaked-photo-from-thug-life-sets-in-delhi-goes-viral/ |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |website=The South First |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=30 July 2024 |title=Nasser and Abhirami join Kamal Haasan's 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/nasser-and-abhirami-join-kamal-haasans-thug-life/articleshow/112127652.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730134502/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/nasser-and-abhirami-join-kamal-haasans-thug-life/articleshow/112127652.cms |archive-date=30 July 2024 |access-date=30 July 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> with the former stating that she would be paired opposite Haasan, reuniting with him after ''[[Virumaandi]]'' (2004).<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 November 2023 |title='Virumandi' actress Abhirami confirms reuniting with Kamal Haasan in Mani Ratnam's directorial 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/virumandi-actress-abhirami-confirms-reuniting-with-kamal-haasan-in-mani-ratnams-directorial-thug-life/articleshow/105385137.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105230104/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/virumandi-actress-abhirami-confirms-reuniting-with-kamal-haasan-in-mani-ratnams-directorial-thug-life/articleshow/105385137.cms |archive-date=5 January 2024 |access-date=26 September 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> [[Sanjana Krishnamoorthy]], who worked as an assistant director in the film, would also appear in a brief role.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sudevan |first=Praveen |date=17 October 2024 |title=Sanjana Krishnamoorthy on 'Lubber Pandhu', assisting Mani Ratnam in 'Thug Life', and more |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/sanjana-krishnamoorthy-on-lubber-pandhu-mani-ratnam-in-thug-life-and-more/article68736330.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250508045151/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/sanjana-krishnamoorthy-on-lubber-pandhu-mani-ratnam-in-thug-life-and-more/article68736330.ece |archive-date=8 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

=== Filming ===
{{Multiple images
| image1 = Old delhi railway.jpg
| footer = A part of ''Thug Life'' was filmed in [[Old Delhi]].
}}
[[Principal photography]] began with the first schedule on 24 January 2024 at a college in [[Shenoy Nagar]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan-Mani Ratnam's 'Thug Life' shooting begins: Tale of power, rebellion |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-trisha-thug-life-shooting-begins-tale-of-power-rebellion-2492890-2024-01-24 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124112854/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-trisha-thug-life-shooting-begins-tale-of-power-rebellion-2492890-2024-01-24 |archive-date=24 January 2024 |access-date=24 January 2024 |website=[[India Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajaraman |first=Kaushik |date=5 January 2024 |title=Kamal-Mani's Thug life shoot in Chennai from Jan 18 |url=https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/kamal-manis-thug-life-shoot-in-chennai-from-jan-18-758945 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119015618/https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/kamal-manis-thug-life-shoot-in-chennai-from-jan-18-758945 |archive-date=19 January 2024 |access-date=9 June 2024 |website=[[DT Next]] |language=en}}</ref> On 30 January, director [[Sudha Kongara]], along with director [[Bejoy Nambiar]], visited the sets and posted stills on X.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 January 2024 |title=Director Sudha Kongara Shares Photos From Sets Of Mani Ratnam's Thug Life |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/director-sudha-kongara-shares-photos-from-sets-of-mani-ratnams-thug-life-8759702.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130170017/https://www.news18.com/movies/director-sudha-kongara-shares-photos-from-sets-of-mani-ratnams-thug-life-8759702.html |archive-date=30 January 2024 |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=[[News18]]}}</ref> Haasan filmed a portion with Abhirami and Joju before he left to the United States to participate in the post-production works for ''Indian 2''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 January 2024 |title=Video: Kamal Haasan leaves for the US to shoot for 'Indian 2' after wrapping the first schedule of 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-leaves-for-us-to-shoot-indian-2-after-wrapping-first-schedule-of-thug-life/articleshow/107294722.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216222811/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-leaves-for-us-to-shoot-indian-2-after-wrapping-first-schedule-of-thug-life/articleshow/107294722.cms |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Filming for the first schedule completed on 31 January.<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 January 2024 |title=First schedule of Kamal Haasan's 'Thug Life' wrapped up |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-thug-life-first-schedule-wrapped-up/articleshow/107290312.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201093526/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-thug-life-first-schedule-wrapped-up/articleshow/107290312.cms |archive-date=1 February 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Ratnam began location scouting for the second schedule in early February in European countries, including [[Serbia]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 February 2024 |title='Thug Life' next schedule to take place at THIS location; Mani Ratnam begins location hunt |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/thug-life-next-schedule-to-take-place-at-this-location-mani-ratnam-begins-location-hunt/articleshow/107515447.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240210211626/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/thug-life-next-schedule-to-take-place-at-this-location-mani-ratnam-begins-location-hunt/articleshow/107515447.cms |archive-date=10 February 2024 |access-date=11 February 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Trisha revealed through her [[Instagram]] account on 21 February that she had joined the sets.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 February 2024 |title=Trisha joins the set of Kamal Haasan's Thug Life |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/trisha-begins-shooting-for-thug-life-latest-news/articleshow/107876935.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605090243/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/trisha-begins-shooting-for-thug-life-latest-news/articleshow/107876935.cms |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Initially, for the third schedule, the makers would travel to Siberia;<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 February 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan to travel to Siberia for 'Thug Life's next shooting schedule |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-to-travel-to-siberia-for-thug-lifes-next-shooting-schedule/articleshow/108106425.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240316132531/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-to-travel-to-siberia-for-thug-lifes-next-shooting-schedule/articleshow/108106425.cms |archive-date=16 March 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> however, due to Haasan's political commitments and not being able to allot the dates, the schedule was postponed from starting.<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 March 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan's 'Thug Life' Serbia schedule pushed due to Lok Sabha Election |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-thug-life-serbia-schedule-pushed-due-to-lok-sabha-election/articleshow/108702484.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605091750/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-thug-life-serbia-schedule-pushed-due-to-lok-sabha-election/articleshow/108702484.cms |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> In late April, Silambarasan and the makers headed to [[Jaisalmer]] to film the promotional teaser for the actor, which released on 8 May.<ref>{{Cite web |last=R |first=Manoj Kumar |date=22 April 2024 |title=Simbu join sets of Mani Ratnam-Kamal Haasan's Thug Life. See photos |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/simbu-join-sets-of-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasans-thug-life-see-photos/40114ca4b1990 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606091117/https://www.ottplay.com/news/simbu-join-sets-of-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasans-thug-life-see-photos/40114ca4b1990 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |language=en}}</ref>

After completing the works there, on 21 April, they commenced the second schedule in [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 April 2024 |title=In pics: The new schedule of 'Thug Life' begins in Delhi; Simbu joins |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/in-pics-the-new-schedule-of-thug-life-begins-in-delhi-simbu-joins/articleshow/109503033.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508131354/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/in-pics-the-new-schedule-of-thug-life-begins-in-delhi-simbu-joins/articleshow/109503033.cms |archive-date=8 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> A sequence featuring Haasan, Silambarasan and around 200 background artists were reportedly shot behind the [[Red Fort]] on 23 April.<ref name="rawal">{{Cite web |last=Rawal |first=Sugandha |date=23 April 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan heads to Delhi to shoot for Mani Ratnam's Thug Life alongside Pankaj Tripathi and Ali Fazal |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/kamal-haasan-heads-to-delhi-to-shoot-for-mani-ratnams-thug-life-alongside-pankaj-tripathi-and-ali-fazal-101713530051289.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427095134/https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/kamal-haasan-heads-to-delhi-to-shoot-for-mani-ratnams-thug-life-alongside-pankaj-tripathi-and-ali-fazal-101713530051289.html |archive-date=27 April 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> Both the actors, along with Nassar, Abhirami, Vaiyapuri and Malhotra began filming a portion on 6 May at the [[Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan and Silambarasan's picture from sets of Thug Life leaks online |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/kamal-haasan-and-silambarasan-s-picture-from-sets-of-thug-life-leaks-online-101714983477232.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605104028/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/kamal-haasan-and-silambarasan-s-picture-from-sets-of-thug-life-leaks-online-101714983477232.html |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> which went on for three hours from 6 am to 9 am, to avoid mid-day summer heat. After completing the filming there, they moved to [[Old Delhi]] to shoot a certain indoor sequence.<ref name="D">{{Cite news |date=6 May 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan shoots for Mani Rathnam's 'Thug Life' at Aerocity Delhi |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-shoots-for-mani-rathnams-thug-life-at-aerocity-delhi/articleshow/109873444.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506054452/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-shoots-for-mani-rathnams-thug-life-at-aerocity-delhi/articleshow/109873444.cms |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> A picture featuring the actors at the temple was leaked on social media the same day,<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2024 |title=Leaked pic: Kamal Haasan shoots with Simbu and others for 'Thug Life' in Delhi |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/leaked-pic-kamal-haasan-shoots-with-simbu-and-others-for-thug-life-in-delhi-2535662-2024-05-06 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506064615/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/leaked-pic-kamal-haasan-shoots-with-simbu-and-others-for-thug-life-in-delhi-2535662-2024-05-06 |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> forcing the makers to release an official announcement confirming the casting of Silambarasan two days later.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Hardika |date=8 May 2024 |title=Thug Life Teaser: Silambarasan In A Never-Seen Before Look |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/thug-life-teaser-silambarasan-in-a-never-seen-before-look-5617203 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240517092054/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/thug-life-teaser-silambarasan-in-a-never-seen-before-look-5617203 |archive-date=17 May 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[NDTV]]}}</ref> The team shot at Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple, [[Tughlaqabad Fort]] and [[Pataudi Palace]] in this schedule which was wrapped on 12 May.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2024 |title=Mani Ratnam's Thug Life Unit To Shoot In Delhi Until May 12 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/mani-ratnams-thug-life-unit-to-shoot-in-delhi-until-may-12-article-109871888 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510035833/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/mani-ratnams-thug-life-unit-to-shoot-in-delhi-until-may-12-article-109871888 |archive-date=10 May 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |website=[[Times Now]] |language=en}}</ref>

The third schedule begun on 21 May at Chennai.<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 May 2024 |title='Thug Life' Chennai shooting schedule begins tomorrow! |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/thug-life-chennai-shooting-schedule-begins-tomorrow/articleshow/110272373.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522125229/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/thug-life-chennai-shooting-schedule-begins-tomorrow/articleshow/110272373.cms |archive-date=22 May 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> During this schedule, a reported love sequence featuring Silambarasan and Trisha was reported to have been filmed till 5 am.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 May 2024 |title=Trisha treats fans by revealing a surprise update from 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/trisha-treats-fans-by-revealing-a-surprise-update-from-thug-life/articleshow/110364563.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526134346/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/trisha-treats-fans-by-revealing-a-surprise-update-from-thug-life/articleshow/110364563.cms |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Two song sequences, with one reportedly being a [[dappankuthu]] featuring Haasan and Silambarasan and another being choreographed by [[Brinda Master|Brindha]] and featuring Trisha were shot during the schedule, with the latter having a four-day rehearsal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 May 2024 |title='Thug Life' to have a kuthu song featuring both Kamal Haasan and Simbu |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/thug-life-to-have-a-kuthu-song-featuring-both-kamal-haasan-and-simbu/articleshow/110594012.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605130515/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/thug-life-to-have-a-kuthu-song-featuring-both-kamal-haasan-and-simbu/articleshow/110594012.cms |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=Trisha Krishnan Preps For A Dance Sequence In Mani Ratnam's Thug Life, Calls It 'Gruelling' |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/trisha-rehearses-for-a-dance-sequence-for-thug-life-article-110347419 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523081653/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/trisha-rehearses-for-a-dance-sequence-for-thug-life-article-110347419 |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[Times Now]] |language=en}}</ref> In early June, production moved to [[Pondicherry Airport]] for an action sequence. On 6 June, Haasan, who took a short break after the song sequence, resumed filming his portions with the action sequence, along with Silambarasan and Ashok Selvan.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 June 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan's 'Thug Life' shoot underway in Pondicherry; the team films for an action sequence |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-thug-life-shoot-underway-in-pondicherry-the-team-films-for-an-action-sequence/articleshow/110759145.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606111423/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasans-thug-life-shoot-underway-in-pondicherry-the-team-films-for-an-action-sequence/articleshow/110759145.cms |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> An incident with Joju occurred when the actor did a stunt, which was jumping from a helicopter, where he tripped and fell, leading to a fractured left foot.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2024 |title=Actor Joju George injured during helicopter stunt on the sets of 'Thug Life' |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2024/06/13/actor-joju-george-injured-stunt-scene-thug-life-movie.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613062005/https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2024/06/13/actor-joju-george-injured-stunt-scene-thug-life-movie.html |archive-date=13 June 2024 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Onmanorama]]}}</ref> The schedule wrapped on 13 June and Ratnam continued his recce in Europe for the concurrent schedule.<ref>{{Cite news |date=13 June 2024 |title='Thug Life' next schedule to happen in Europe; Mani Ratnam's latest picture from the location hunt goes viral |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/thug-life-next-schedule-to-happen-in-europe-mani-ratnams-latest-picture-from-the-location-hunt-goes-viral/articleshow/110962469.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616051616/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/thug-life-next-schedule-to-happen-in-europe-mani-ratnams-latest-picture-from-the-location-hunt-goes-viral/articleshow/110962469.cms |archive-date=16 June 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> As of July 2024, fifty percent of the film's shooting had been completed.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Rajaraman |first=Kaushik |date=24 July 2024 |title=50% of Thug Life shoot complete; New schedule to begin on August 5 |url=https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/50-of-thug-life-shoot-complete-new-schedule-to-begin-on-august-5-796582 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241116153958/https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/50-of-thug-life-shoot-complete-new-schedule-to-begin-on-august-5-796582 |archive-date=16 November 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |website=[[DT Next]]}}</ref>

Filming resumed on 5 August for the subsequent schedule in Chennai.<ref name=":0" /> On 12 August, coinciding with Haasan's sixty-fifth year in the film industry, a [[behind-the-scenes]] still from the film featuring Haasan and Ratnam was released through social media.<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 August 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan completes 65 years in Cinema; BTS picture from the sets of 'Thug Life's surfaces |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-completes-65-years-in-cinema-bts-picture-from-the-sets-of-thug-lifes-surfaces/articleshow/112468202.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240825192746/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-completes-65-years-in-cinema-bts-picture-from-the-sets-of-thug-lifes-surfaces/articleshow/112468202.cms |archive-date=25 August 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 August 2024 |title=Team Thug Life celebrate 65 years of Kamal Haasan: 'We salute the many facets of his artistry' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/team-thug-life-celebrate-65-years-of-kamal-haasan-we-salute-the-many-facets-of-his-artistry-9511733/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240815065822/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/team-thug-life-celebrate-65-years-of-kamal-haasan-we-salute-the-many-facets-of-his-artistry-9511733/ |archive-date=15 August 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> Filming took place at multiple phases, with an action sequence featuring Haasan being filmed at the outskirts of [[Kanchipuram]], and Silambarasan's portions at [[Pondy Bazaar]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 August 2024 |title=Viral Video! Silambarasan is captured on camera as he shoots for 'Thug Life' in Chennai |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/viral-video-silambarasan-is-captured-on-camera-as-he-shoots-for-thug-life-in-chennai/articleshow/112673534.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240825105341/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/viral-video-silambarasan-is-captured-on-camera-as-he-shoots-for-thug-life-in-chennai/articleshow/112673534.cms |archive-date=25 August 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Afterwards, in early September, an action sequence was filmed at a grand set erected in [[Covelong|Kovalam]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 September 2024 |title=Reports: Kamal Haasan to learn Aritificial Intelligence; jets off to US amidst busy schedule |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/reports-kamal-haasan-to-learn-aritificial-intelligence-jets-off-to-us-amidst-busy-schedule/articleshow/113146194.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241005202458/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/reports-kamal-haasan-to-learn-aritificial-intelligence-jets-off-to-us-amidst-busy-schedule/articleshow/113146194.cms |archive-date=5 October 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> On 20 September, Haasan had completed filming his portions for the film.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 September 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan wraps up shooting for Mani Ratnam's 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-wraps-up-shooting-for-mani-ratnams-thug-life/articleshow/113545657.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240923025336/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-wraps-up-shooting-for-mani-ratnams-thug-life/articleshow/113545657.cms |archive-date=23 September 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Despite principal photography announced as having wrapped on 24 September,<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2024 |title=It's A Wrap For Mani Ratnam And Kamal Haasan's Thug Life |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/the-shoot-of-thug-life-is-wrapped-article-113648712 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240927073715/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/the-shoot-of-thug-life-is-wrapped-article-113648712 |archive-date=27 September 2024 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=[[Times Now]] |language=en}}</ref> on 26 October, Ratnam planned for shooting a romantic song featuring Silambarasan and Trisha across North India which began filming on 4 November.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 October 2024 |title=Mani Ratnam to film a romantic song featuring Silambarasan and Trisha for 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/mani-ratnam-to-film-a-romantic-song-featuring-silambarasan-and-trisha-for-thug-life/articleshow/114615020.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241116161302/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/mani-ratnam-to-film-a-romantic-song-featuring-silambarasan-and-trisha-for-thug-life/articleshow/114615020.cms |archive-date=16 November 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=4 November 2024 |title=Trisha resumes shooting for Kamal Haasan's 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/trisha-resumes-shooting-for-kamal-haasans-thug-life/articleshow/114937542.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241116161405/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/trisha-resumes-shooting-for-kamal-haasans-thug-life/articleshow/114937542.cms |archive-date=16 November 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Production was completed with its entirety, after the song shoot being wrapped.<ref name=":1" />

=== Post-production ===
The [[Visual effects supervisor|visual effects supervision]] for the film was handled by H. Monesh, with Ashirwad Hadkar serving as the [[Color grading|colourist]].<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=ljoUGyfAVEk_rKPZ&v=ZS2Y25OOCok&feature=youtu.be |title=Thug Life Release Date Teaser (Tamil) {{!}} Kamal Haasan {{!}} Mani Ratnam {{!}} STR {{!}} AR Rahman {{!}} RKFI{{!}} MT {{!}} RG |date=6 November 2024 |last=Raaj Kamal Films International |access-date=17 May 2025 |via=YouTube}}</ref> [[A. Sreekar Prasad]] serves as the film's editor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=11 April 2025 |title=A R Rahman on working with Kamal Haasan in Thug Life: Kamal sir challenged me every time I scored a scene from the film |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Apr/18/a-r-rahman-on-working-with-kamal-haasan-in-thug-life-kamal-sir-challenged-me-every-time-i-scored-a-scene-from-the-film |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250717190941/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Apr/18/a-r-rahman-on-working-with-kamal-haasan-in-thug-life-kamal-sir-challenged-me-every-time-i-scored-a-scene-from-the-film |archive-date=17 July 2025 |access-date=17 May 2025 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref> Kamal Hassan and Silambarasan TR began dubbing their portions in late July 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2024 |title=Watch: Kamal Haasan begins dubbing for Mani Ratnam's 'Thug Life' |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-begins-dubbing-for-mani-ratnam-thug-life-2573218-2024-07-29 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730135021/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-begins-dubbing-for-mani-ratnam-thug-life-2573218-2024-07-29 |archive-date=30 July 2024 |access-date=30 July 2024 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> Full-fledged post-production works began by 24 September.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 September 2024 |title=Thug Life enters post-production stage |url=https://www.dtnext.in/entertainment/cinema/thug-life-enters-post-production-stage-804974 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924134526/https://www.dtnext.in/entertainment/cinema/thug-life-enters-post-production-stage-804974 |archive-date=24 September 2024 |access-date=24 September 2024 |website=[[DT Next]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=24 September 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam's 'Thug Life' enters the post-production stage; makers share a BTS video |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-thug-life-enters-the-post-production-stage-makers-share-a-bts-video/articleshow/113629446.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240927163630/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-thug-life-enters-the-post-production-stage-makers-share-a-bts-video/articleshow/113629446.cms |archive-date=27 September 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

== Music ==
{{main|Thug Life (soundtrack)}}

The soundtrack is composed by [[A. R. Rahman]], in his third collaboration with Kamal Haasan after ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]'' (1996) and ''[[Thenali]]'' (2000); and [[List of films directed by Mani Ratnam featuring A. R. Rahman|nineteenth with Ratnam]]. The music rights were acquired by [[Saregama]] for {{INRConvert|20|c}}.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=13 June 2020 |title=I failed to notice AR Rahman in his prime: Kamal Haasan |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/i-failed-to-notice-ar-rahman-in-his-prime-kamal-haasan/article31818939.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231021062901/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/i-failed-to-notice-ar-rahman-in-his-prime-kamal-haasan/article31818939.ece |archive-date=21 October 2023 |access-date=24 January 2024 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> One of the songs featured lyrics written by Haasan himself,<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 April 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan turns a lyricist again for 'Thug Life' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-turns-a-lyricist-again-for-thug-life/articleshow/109664366.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507023755/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-turns-a-lyricist-again-for-thug-life/articleshow/109664366.cms |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=8 May 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> which he revealed were written within an hour, and produced in just a couple of hours.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Menon |first=Akhila |date=28 April 2024 |title=Thug Life – Kamal Haasan turns lyricist yet again for the Mani Ratnam directorial |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/thug-life-kamal-haasan-turns-lyricist-yet-again-for-the-mani-ratnam-directorial/80b13b8099301 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605123457/https://www.ottplay.com/news/thug-life-kamal-haasan-turns-lyricist-yet-again-for-the-mani-ratnam-directorial/80b13b8099301 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |language=en}}</ref> The first single "Jinguchaa" was released on 18 April 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last=S |first=Ashwin |date=18 April 2025 |title='Jinguchaa' from Mani Ratnam's Thug Life is a groovy wedding number |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Apr/18/jingucha-from-mani-ratnams-thug-life-is-a-groovy-wedding-number |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20250418120433/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Apr/18/jingucha-from-mani-ratnams-thug-life-is-a-groovy-wedding-number |archive-date=18 April 2025 |access-date=18 April 2025 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref> The second single "Sugar Baby" was released on 21 May 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2025 |title=Netizens are angry over Thug Life's new song Sugar Baby; comment on Trisha Krishnan's choice |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/netizens-are-angry-over-thug-lifes-new-song-sugar-baby-comment-on-trisha-krishnans-choice-1388512 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251001225033/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/netizens-are-angry-over-thug-lifes-new-song-sugar-baby-comment-on-trisha-krishnans-choice-1388512 |archive-date=1 October 2025 |access-date=20 May 2025 |website=[[Pinkvilla]]}}</ref> The audio launch was to be held on 16 May 2025 at the [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Coimbatore)|Nehru Stadium]], but was later postponed to 24 May 2025 due to the [[2025 India–Pakistan conflict]], releasing the album on the same day.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=fCAZZrDsOP0&pp=ygUPdGh1ZyBsaWZlIGFsYnVt |title=Thug Life – Full Album {{!}} Kamal Haasan {{!}} Mani Ratnam {{!}} STR {{!}} Trisha {{!}} A. R. Rahman {{!}} RKFI {{!}} MT |language=Tamil |publisher=[[Saregama]] |access-date=2025-05-24 |via=YouTube}}</ref>

== Marketing ==
The film's teaser trailer was released on the occasion of Kamal Haasan's birthday, 7 November 2024, revealing the June 2025 release date.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramachandran |first=Naman |date=7 November 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan, Mani Ratnam's 'Thug Life' Unveils Release Date, Teaser – Global Bulletin |url=https://variety.com/2024/film/news/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-thug-life-release-date-teaser-1236203433/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112142310/https://variety.com/2024/film/news/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-thug-life-release-date-teaser-1236203433/ |archive-date=12 November 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Promotional activities commenced on 18 April 2025, with a press interaction featuring the cast and crew at [[Kalaivanar Arangam]] in Chennai; the team released the first single "Jinguchaa" as well as revealing the promotional plans prior to the release, and announced the key distributors and partners associated with the film.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQ5yUVzFSsk |title=Thuglife Press Meet {{!}} Full Show {{!}} Thug Life {{!}} Kamal Haasan {{!}} Mani Ratnam {{!}} A.R. Rahman {{!}} STR |date=25 April 2025 |publisher=Turmeric Media |access-date=25 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250427155619/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQ5yUVzFSsk |archive-date=27 April 2025 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=18 April 2025 |title='Jinguchaa' from 'Thug Life': Promotions for Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam's film kicks off with a musical bang |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/jinguchaa-from-thug-life-promotions-for-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-film-kicks-off-with-a-musical-bang/articleshow/120402799.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250423230337/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/jinguchaa-from-thug-life-promotions-for-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-film-kicks-off-with-a-musical-bang/articleshow/120402799.cms |archive-date=23 April 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> ''Thugs Talk'', a two-episode series featuring Haasan, Silambarasan, Trisha, Abhirami and Selvan, was released through YouTube during late-April and early-May, where the cast members interact and share anecdotes on working in this film.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thugs Talk {{!}} Kamal Haasan {{!}} STR {{!}} Trisha - Official Playlist |url=https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBc7gJUXR7rmvDiQNU8VgurS9XEAgtdDQ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251001225034/https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBc7gJUXR7rmvDiQNU8VgurS9XEAgtdDQ |archive-date=1 October 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=YouTube |language=en}}</ref>

The film's trailer was launched on 17 May, at a launch event in Chennai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=K |first=Janani |date=15 May 2025 |title=Kamal Haasan's Thug Life trailer, audio launch dates out, AR Rahman to perform |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/ar-rahman-performance-kamal-haasan-thug-life-event-may-24-2724957-2025-05-15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250515035756/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/ar-rahman-performance-kamal-haasan-thug-life-event-may-24-2724957-2025-05-15 |archive-date=15 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[India Today (magazine)|India Today]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2025 |title=Thug Life trailer: Kamal Haasan faces off against Silambarasan in this Mani Ratnam gangster drama |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/thug-life-trailer-kamal-haasan-vs-silambarasan-mani-ratnam-gangster-drama-watch-10012283/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250518053035/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/thug-life-trailer-kamal-haasan-vs-silambarasan-mani-ratnam-gangster-drama-watch-10012283/ |archive-date=18 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Das |first=Santanu |date=17 May 2025 |title=Thug Life trailer: Kamal Haasan and Silambarasan clash in Mani Ratnam's action-packed gangster drama. Watch |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/thug-life-trailer-kamal-haasan-and-silambarasan-clash-in-mani-ratnams-action-packed-gangster-drama-101747487007362.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250518053956/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/thug-life-trailer-kamal-haasan-and-silambarasan-clash-in-mani-ratnams-action-packed-gangster-drama-101747487007362.html |archive-date=18 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> Besides the cast and crew, the team invited around 400 social media influencers for the trailer launch.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68xKqXtvX0s |title=Thugfluencers {{!}} Thug Life Trailer Launch {{!}} Kamal Haasan {{!}} Mani Ratnam {{!}} A.R. Rahman {{!}} STR {{!}} Trisha |date=17 May 2025 |publisher=Turmeric Media |access-date=25 May 2025 |via=YouTube}}</ref> The trailer garnered over 15 million views in under 24 hours.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=18 May 2025 |title=Kamal Haasan's Thug Life Trailer Sparks Internet Frenzy With 15M Views In Record Time; Fans Go Wild |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!entertainment/kamal-haasans-thug-life-trailer-sparks-internet-frenzy-with-15m-views-in-record-time-fans-go-wild-enn25051800969 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251001225019/https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!entertainment/kamal-haasans-thug-life-trailer-sparks-internet-frenzy-with-15m-views-in-record-time-fans-go-wild-enn25051800969 |archive-date=1 October 2025 |access-date=18 May 2025 |website=[[ETV Bharat News]] |language=en}}</ref> The Hindi trailer was launched on 20 May at [[Film City, Mumbai]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2025 |title=PHOTOS: Kamal Haasan, Trisha Krishnan, Mani Ratnam And More At Thug Life's Mumbai Event |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/photos-kamal-haasan-trisha-krishnan-mani-ratnam-and-more-at-thug-lifes-mumbai-event-73994.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250721183950/https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/photos-kamal-haasan-trisha-krishnan-mani-ratnam-and-more-at-thug-lifes-mumbai-event-73994.html |archive-date=21 July 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[Filmfare]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2025 |title=Kamal Haasan, Trisha, Mani Ratnam, & A R Rahman Attend 'Thug Life' Hindi Trailer Launch |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/regional-indian-cinema-news/video/kamal-haasan-trisha-mani-ratnam-a-r-rahman-thug-life-hindi-trailer-launch-1078399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525150648/https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/regional-indian-cinema-news/video/kamal-haasan-trisha-mani-ratnam-a-r-rahman-thug-life-hindi-trailer-launch-1078399 |archive-date=25 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |website=[[Mid-Day]]}}</ref> followed by the Malayalam trailer on 21 May at [[Forum Mall Kochi]] and Telugu trailer on 22 May at [[Asian Cinemas|AAA Cinemas]] in [[Hyderabad]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite tweet |number=1922645737797726521 |user=RKFI |title=Thugs March On #Thuglife #ThuglifeTrailer from May 17 #ThuglifeAudioLaunch from May 24 #ThuglifeFromJune5 #KamalHaasan #SilambarasanTR A #ManiRatnam Film An @arrahman Musical |author=Raaj Kamal Films International |author-link=Raaj Kamal Films International |date=14 May 2025 |access-date=25 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250515023707/https://x.com/RKFI/status/1922645737797726521 |archive-date=15 May 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> Pre-release events were scheduled to be held at [[New Delhi]], [[Bengaluru]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]] and [[Visakhapatnam]] from 26–29 May, and in [[Malaysia]] and [[Dubai]] on 31 May and 1 June, respectively.<ref name=":2" />

[[Google]] has partnered with Hassan's Raaj Kamal Films International to create a special interactive search effect. When users search for "Thug Life 2025" on Google, they'll see a short effect where a stylized fist interacts with the search page.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Bollywood Hungama |date=2025-06-02 |title=Google teams up with Kamal Haasan's RKFI to launch interactive search animation for Thug Life 2025 |url=https://www.fbcnews.com.fj/entertainment/google-teams-up-with-kamal-haasans-rkfi-to-launch-interactive-search-animation-for-thug-life-2025/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260108075333/https://www.fbcnews.com.fj/entertainment/google-teams-up-with-kamal-haasans-rkfi-to-launch-interactive-search-animation-for-thug-life-2025/ |archive-date=8 January 2026 |accessdate=2025-10-26 |work=[[FBC News]]}}</ref>

== Release ==
=== Theatrical ===
''Thug Life'' was released theatrically on 5 June 2025 in standard, [[IMAX]] and [[Qube Cinema Technologies#EPIQ|EPIQ]] formats.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Radhakrishnan |first=Manjusha |date=2025-05-20 |title=Here's how you can meet Thug Life actors Kamal Haasan, Trisha, Simbu, Mani Ratnam in Dubai |url=https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/how-to-meet-tamil-superstars-kamal-haasan-trisha-simbu-mani-ratnam-from-thug-life-in-dubai-1.500133422 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250815182010/https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/how-to-meet-tamil-superstars-kamal-haasan-trisha-simbu-mani-ratnam-from-thug-life-in-dubai-1.500133422 |archive-date=15 August 2025 |access-date=2025-05-27 |website=[[Gulf News]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan's Thug Life to release in June 2025, makers share teaser on birthday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-thug-life-release-june-2025-makers-share-teaser-on-birthday-2629547-2024-11-07 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241116162012/https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-thug-life-release-june-2025-makers-share-teaser-on-birthday-2629547-2024-11-07 |archive-date=16 November 2024 |access-date=7 November 2024 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> It was originally scheduled for a release in the last quarter of 2024,<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 July 2024 |title=Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam's 'Thug Life' might hit screens by the end of the year |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-thug-life-might-hit-screens-by-the-end-of-the-year/articleshow/111923593.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240724035355/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-thug-life-might-hit-screens-by-the-end-of-the-year/articleshow/111923593.cms |archive-date=24 July 2024 |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> but was delayed to allow more time for production to be completed.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 November 2024 |title='Thug Life' drops release date on Kamal Haasan's 70th birthday |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/thug-life-drops-release-date-on-kamal-haasans-70th-birthday/article68839839.ece/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241116161954/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/thug-life-drops-release-date-on-kamal-haasans-70th-birthday/article68839839.ece/amp/ |archive-date=16 November 2024 |access-date=7 November 2024 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref> In the United Kingdom, as with the rest of the world, it is scheduled to be released on the same day; however, in a version which was classified 15 by the [[British Board of Film Classification]] (BBFC) on 28 May 2025 for strong violence, injury detail and suicide. The film went however through additional censorship on 30 May 2025, keeping the 15 classification while followed with 10 seconds of cuts.<ref name="BBFC" /> The film had the biggest release for a Tamil film in the United Kingdom, with over 255+ screens showcasing the film.<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1929108240434123135 |user=ahimsafilms |title=THE ULAGANAYAGAN EFFECT! 🤯🥵 255+ cinemas across the UK are locked in — the BIGGEST Tamil film release EVER. #ThugLife has made history. Experience it from June 4 at a cinema near you in 4DX and Superscreen! 🧨🧨 |author=Ahimsa Entertainment |date=2025-06-01 |accessdate=2025-10-24 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20260121023857/https://x.com/ahimsafilms/status/1929108240434123135 |archive-date=21 January 2026 |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Distribution ===
[[Red Giant Movies]] bought the film's distribution rights in India, distributing themselves in Tamil Nadu,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-06-04 |title='Thug Life': Tamil Nadu government permits special shows for Kamal Haasan's movie on June 5 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/thug-life-movie-tamil-nadu-government-permits-special-shows-for-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-silambarasan-film/article69656095.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250727073401/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/thug-life-movie-tamil-nadu-government-permits-special-shows-for-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-silambarasan-film/article69656095.ece |archive-date=27 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> and sold the [[Andhra Pradesh]] and [[Telangana]] rights to Shreshth Movies,<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=Thug Life Telugu: Kamal Haasan's film needs record numbers to break even, here's what we know |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/thug-life-telugu-kamal-haasans-film-needs-record-numbers-to-break-even-heres-what-we-know/b2c332cc78393 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250623194023/https://www.ottplay.com/news/thug-life-telugu-kamal-haasans-film-needs-record-numbers-to-break-even-heres-what-we-know/b2c332cc78393 |archive-date=23 June 2025 |access-date=24 May 2025 |website=[[OTTPlay]]}}</ref> the [[Kerala]] rights to Sree Gokulam Movies,<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1924807459454992518 |user=GokulamMovies |title=We're thrilled to announce that @GokulamMovies acquired the Kerala distribution rights for #ThugLife |author=SreeGokulamMovies |date=2025-05-20 |accessdate=2025-10-25}}</ref> and the [[North India]] rights to [[Pen Studios|Pen Marudhar]].<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1923426745551814968 |user=PenMovies |title=The reason to Live is the reason to Kill! |author=[[Pen Studios|Pen Movies]] |date=2025-05-17 |accessdate=2025-10-25}}</ref> The [[break-even]] point in the Telugu states was estimated to be at {{INRConvert|21|c}}, the highest for a non-native language film in the states.<ref name=":12" /> The film's eight-week theatrical run prior to its premiere on Netflix enabled it to be screened at [[PVR INOX|PVR INOX multiplexes]], making it the first Tamil film to achieve this distinction.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Thug Life': Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam's Film Strikes An Eight-Week Theatre Deal Before OTT Release |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/insight/thug-life-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-film-strikes-an-eight-week-theatre-deal-before-ott-release |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250605105341/https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/insight/thug-life-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-film-strikes-an-eight-week-theatre-deal-before-ott-release |archive-date=5 June 2025 |access-date=2025-05-27 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter India]] |language=en}}</ref> AP International and Home Screen Entertainment acquired the overseas distribution rights of the film.<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1789976352541831624 |user=RedGiantMovies_ |title=Global audiences, get ready! AP International and Home Screen Entertainment are officially the International theatrical distribution partners for #ThugLife |author=Red Giant Movies |author-link=Red Giant Movies |date=13 May 2024 |access-date=16 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916060851/https://x.com/RedGiantMovies_/status/1789976352541831624 |archive-date=16 September 2024}}</ref>

=== Home media ===
The streaming rights were acquired by [[Netflix]] for {{INRConvert|149.7|c}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jayaraman |first=N. P. |date=20 September 2024 |title='Thug Life': Streaming rights to Kamal Haasan-Mani Ratnam movie sold for unprecedented amount to Netflix |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/thug-life-streaming-rights-to-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-movie-sold-for-unprecedented-amount-to-netflix-3199182 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240920103113/https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/thug-life-streaming-rights-to-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-movie-sold-for-unprecedented-amount-to-netflix-3199182 |archive-date=20 September 2024 |access-date=20 September 2024 |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |language=en}}</ref> The film was initially scheduled to begin streaming there from 7 August 2025, eight-weeks after the film's theatrical release. However, due to the film's poor commercial response, it premiered in July, 28 days after its theatrical release.<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":16">{{Cite web |date=27 May 2025 |title=Thug Life to premiere on OTT soon; Housefull 5 releases in theatres June 6 |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/thug-life-ott-release-housefull-5-theatres-june-6-babil-khan-23552688 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250528214308/https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/thug-life-ott-release-housefull-5-theatres-june-6-babil-khan-23552688 |archive-date=2025-05-28 |access-date=2025-05-27 |website=[[Mid-Day]] |language=en}}</ref> The streaming service also requested 20% to 25% from the deal due to the response.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-14 |title=Thug Life Struggles: Netflix Seeks Price Cut, Earlier Streaming Date Looms |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/ott/thug-life-struggles-netflix-seeks-price-cut-earlier-streaming-date-looms-1885135 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250615031250/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/ott/thug-life-struggles-netflix-seeks-price-cut-earlier-streaming-date-looms-1885135 |archive-date=15 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-14 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en}}</ref> The film began streaming on Netflix from 3 July 2025 in Tamil and dubbed versions of Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam and Hindi languages.<ref name=":17">{{Cite web |date=3 July 2025 |title=Kamal Haasan's Thug Life Quietly Arrives On Netflix In Less Than A Month Of Its Theatrical Release Following Language Row |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/kamal-haasans-thug-life-quietly-arrives-on-netflix-in-less-than-a-month-of-its-theatrical-release-following-language-row-8816929 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250703054611/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/kamal-haasans-thug-life-quietly-arrives-on-netflix-in-less-than-a-month-of-its-theatrical-release-following-language-row-8816929 |archive-date=3 July 2025 |access-date=3 July 2025 |website=[[NDTV]]}}</ref>

== Reception ==
===Critical response===
''Thug Life'' received negative reviews from critics, who praised the performances of Kamal Haasan and Silambarasan, the cinematography and staging, but the predictability of the story in the second half received criticism.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-09 |title=What went wrong with Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam's Thug Life? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-thug-life-failure-what-went-wrong-2737898-2025-06-09 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250822055011/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-thug-life-failure-what-went-wrong-2737898-2025-06-09 |archive-date=22 August 2025 |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-07 |title='Thug Life' box office collection day 2: Negative WOM comes into play! Kamal Haasan's film sees massive fall on Friday - BusinessToday |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/trending/box-office/story/thug-life-box-office-collection-day-2-negative-wom-comes-into-play-kamal-haasans-film-sees-massive-fall-on-friday-479432-2025-06-07 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[Business Today (India)|Business Today]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Thug Life box office collection day 1: Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam film record low numbers than Indian 2; Karnataka ban further impacts |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/thug-life-box-office-collection-day-1-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-film-mint-much-less-numbers-than-indian-2-karnataka-ban-further-impacts/01611ecef933 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250618214839/https://www.ottplay.com/news/thug-life-box-office-collection-day-1-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-film-mint-much-less-numbers-than-indian-2-karnataka-ban-further-impacts/01611ecef933 |archive-date=18 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-06 |website=[[OTTPlay]]}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-06 |title=Thug Life Day 2 Box Office Trends: Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam's movie DROPS by over 55 percent; To gross just Rs 7 crore on 1st Friday |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-day-2-box-office-trends-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-movie-drops-by-over-55-percent-to-gross-just-rs-7-crore-on-1st-friday-1390810 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612224135/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-day-2-box-office-trends-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-movie-drops-by-over-55-percent-to-gross-just-rs-7-crore-on-1st-friday-1390810 |archive-date=12 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref> The film was also deemed by critics inferior to ''Nayakan'', Kamal and Mani Ratnam's previous outing, many claiming this movie was a scam based on hype.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nair |first=Manoj |date=2025-06-07 |title=Forget Thug Life, there is always Nayakan to remember Kamal Haasan-Mani Ratnam |url=https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/forget-thug-life-there-is-always-nayakan-to-remember-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-1.500154637 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250803001724/https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/forget-thug-life-there-is-always-nayakan-to-remember-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-1.500154637 |archive-date=3 August 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[Gulf News]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nyayapati |first=Neeshita |date=2025-06-06 |title=Mani Ratnam fans get nostalgic for Nayakan, Thalapathi, Guru after lukewarm response to Thug Life |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/mani-ratnam-fans-get-nostalgic-for-nayakan-thalapathi-guru-after-lukewarm-response-to-thug-life-101749201035468-amp.html |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> {{Rotten Tomatoes prose|score=25|count=12|average=5.3|ref=yes}}

[[Anupama Chopra]] of ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' wrote, "Should you see ''Thug Life''? Yes, because so many masters are at work here. But go in knowing that though the film has sparks which blaze momentarily, they never ignite into a glorious fire. And leave Nayakan behind. Perhaps no one, not even Ratnam and Haasan, can match that poetry."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chopra |first=Anupama |date=2025-06-12 |title='Thug Life' Review: Mani Ratnam and Kamal Haasan's Long-Awaited Reunion Falls Frustratingly Short of Its Potential |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/thug-life-review-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasan-1236262227/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250721174039/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/thug-life-review-mani-ratnam-kamal-haasan-1236262227/ |archive-date=21 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-14 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Krishna Selvaseelan of ''[[Tamil Guardian]]'' gave 4/5 stars and wrote, "Haasan set out to better his previous Ratnam collaboration, and may have done so."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Selvaseelan |first=Krishna |date=June 6, 2025 |title=Thug Life - What it says on the tin |url=https://tamilguardian.com/content/thug-life-what-it-says-tin |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250614040246/https://tamilguardian.com/content/thug-life-what-it-says-tin |archive-date=14 June 2025 |access-date=6 June 2025 |work=[[Tamil Guardian]]}}</ref> Kirubakhar Purushothaman of ''[[News18]]'' gave 3/5 stars and wrote, "While ''Thug Life'' may not be ''Nayakan'', it never tries to be. What it does offer is a compelling drama anchored by a magnetic lead performance, intelligent writing in parts, and an exploration of power, loyalty, and loss. It stumbles in its second act, but Kamal’s performance and Ratnam’s streaks of brilliance make it worth the ride."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thug Life Review: Kamal Haasan Commands An Uneven But Gripping Gangster Saga |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/reviews/thug-life-review-kamal-haasan-commands-an-uneven-but-gripping-gangster-saga-ws-l-9370047.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607100127/https://www.news18.com/movies/reviews/thug-life-review-kamal-haasan-commands-an-uneven-but-gripping-gangster-saga-ws-l-9370047.html |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[News18]] |language=en}}</ref> Ganesh Aaglave of ''[[Firstpost]]'' gave 3/5 stars and wrote, "On the whole, ''Thug Life'' is a massy affair, which can be enjoyed on the big screen."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aaglave |first=Ganesh |date=2025-06-05 |title=Thug Life movie review: Kamal Haasan oozes swag & charm in Mani Ratnam's stylish action-thriller |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/thug-life-movie-review-kamal-haasan-oozes-swag-charm-in-mani-ratnams-stylish-action-thriller-13894393.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250726211313/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/thug-life-movie-review-kamal-haasan-oozes-swag-charm-in-mani-ratnams-stylish-action-thriller-13894393.html |archive-date=26 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[Firstpost]] |language=en}}</ref>

Janani K of ''[[India Today]]'' gave 2.5/5 stars and wrote, "While the film had a great set-up pre-interval, it falls into a deep pit in the second half and there is no turning back – even for a legend like Mani Ratnam."<ref>{{Cite web |last=K |first=Janani |date=2025-06-05 |title=Thug Life review: Kamal Haasan, Silambarasan's gangster drama soars, then sinks |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/thug-life-review-kamal-haasan-silambarasan-mani-ratnam-haphazard-screenplay-hollow-2736118-2025-06-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250620200227/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/thug-life-review-kamal-haasan-silambarasan-mani-ratnam-haphazard-screenplay-hollow-2736118-2025-06-05 |archive-date=20 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> Avinash Ramachandran of ''[[Cinema Express]]'' gave 2.5/5 stars and wrote, "Considering ''Thug Life'' is more tell than show for most of the time, the film needed to operate more in the drama space instead of becoming an action extravaganza."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramachandran |first=Avinash |date=2025-06-05 |title=Thug Life Movie Review: A promising gangster drama bogged down by a generic revenge saga |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2025/Jun/05/thug-life-movie-review-a-promising-gangster-drama-bogged-down-by-a-generic-revenge-saga |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250909072834/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2025/Jun/05/thug-life-movie-review-a-promising-gangster-drama-bogged-down-by-a-generic-revenge-saga |archive-date=9 September 2025 |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref> Kaushik Rajaraman of ''[[DT Next]]'' gave 2.5/5 stars and wrote, "A predictable plot with a weak story, this is an old wine in an old bottle-- rather Mani Ratnam's cocktail from scenes of his previous works. The film falls flat and ends up being just another movie that is passable."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajaraman |first=Kaushik |date=2025-06-05 |title='Thug Life' mini review: Old wine in an old bottle |url=https://www.dtnext.in/entertainment/cinema/thug-life-mini-review-old-wine-in-an-old-bottle-836031 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607100127/https://www.dtnext.in/entertainment/cinema/thug-life-mini-review-old-wine-in-an-old-bottle-836031 |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[DT Next]] |language=en}}</ref> Latha Srinivasan of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' gave 2.5/5 stars and wrote, "What plagues Mani Ratnam and Kamal Hassan film is ‘old wine in old bottle’ screenplay which loses steam mid-way."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Latha |date=5 June 2025 |title=Thug Life movie review: The Kamal Haasan-Mani Ratnam flick fails to recreate Nayakan magic on screen |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/thug-life-movie-review-the-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-flick-fails-to-recreate-nayakan-magic-on-screen-101749113383002.html |access-date=6 June 2025 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref>

Shajin Srijith of [[The Week (Indian magazine)|''The Week'']] gave 2/5 stars and wrote, "In some places, this Mani Ratnam directorial aspires to be 'Nayakan 2.0'; in others, it's split between becoming a 'John Wick', 'Batman Begins' or an 'Indian 1.5'."<ref>{{Cite web |title='Thug Life' review: 'Nayakan' this is not; Kamal Haasan's emotionally unfulfilling film suffers from a serious case of identity confusion- The Week |url=https://www.theweek.in/review/movies/2025/06/05/thug-life-review-nayakan-this-is-not-kamal-haasan-s-emotionally-unfulfilling-film-suffers-from-a-serious-case-of-identity-confusion.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607100128/https://www.theweek.in/review/movies/2025/06/05/thug-life-review-nayakan-this-is-not-kamal-haasan-s-emotionally-unfulfilling-film-suffers-from-a-serious-case-of-identity-confusion.html |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]]}}</ref> M Suganth of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave 2/5 stars and wrote, "[…] with ''Thug Life'', both Mani Ratnam and Kamal Haasan disappoint, delivering one of their weakest efforts, to make us wonder what they saw in this beaten-to-death storyline to get back together again."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Suganth |first=M |date=2025-06-07 |title=Thug Life Movie Review: Legendary combo reunite to deliver a tedious gangster drama |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/thug-life/movie-review/121642012.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250930095449/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/thug-life/movie-review/121642012.cms |archive-date=30 September 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |via=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> [[Saibal Chatterjee]] of ''[[NDTV]]'' gave 2/5 stars and wrote "Once the core of its central idea begins to wear thin as a result of being stretched to snapping point, not even Mani Ratnam's style and Kamal Haasan's presence are enough to pull the bacons out of the fire. ''Thug Life'' definitely needed more life."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chatterjee |first=Saibal |author-link=Saibal Chatterjee |date=2025-06-05 |title=Thug Life Review: Kamal Haasan's Film Definitely Needed More Life |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/thug-life-review-kamal-haasans-film-definitely-needed-more-life-2-stars-8594193 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251012043956/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/thug-life-review-kamal-haasans-film-definitely-needed-more-life-2-stars-8594193 |archive-date=12 October 2025 |access-date=2025-06-06 |website=[[NDTV]] |language=en}}</ref> Goutham S of ''[[Pinkvilla]]'' gave 2/5 stars and wrote "''Thug Life'' is nowhere close to being the next Nayakan, nor does it supersede it. While the movie has certain moments from an action perspective, it lacks the flair that matches its substance, making it one of the weakest films by Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=Thug Life Movie Review: Kamal Haasan's gangster saga is stylish but falls flat on impact |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/thug-life-movie-review-kamal-haasans-gangster-saga-is-stylish-but-falls-flat-on-impact-1390682 |access-date=2025-06-24 |website=PINKVILLA |language=en}}</ref> ''[[Bollywood Hungama]]'' gave 2/5 stars and wrote "On the whole, ''Thug Life'' fails to entice due to the weak execution and silly post-interval portion. The Hindi version releases amid limited buzz and strong competition from ''[[Housefull 5]]''. As a result, it will struggle to find an audience."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=Thug Life Movie Review |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/thug-life/critic-review/thug-life-movie-review/thug-life-fails-to-entice-due-to-the-weak-execution/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250807040755/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/thug-life/critic-review/thug-life-movie-review/thug-life-fails-to-entice-due-to-the-weak-execution/ |archive-date=7 August 2025 |access-date=5 June 2025 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |language=en}}</ref>

Anandu Suresh of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' gave 1.5/5 stars and wrote "The Mani Ratnam-Kamal Haasan film is plagued by extremely subpar writing that not only fails to make the most of its premise but also falls short in delivering an engaging experience."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=Thug Life Movie Review: Kamal Haasan, Mani Ratnam's 'game of thrones' is a cinematic endurance test |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/thug-life-review-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnams-game-of-thrones-is-a-cinematic-endurance-test-10048484/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251005101216/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/thug-life-review-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnams-game-of-thrones-is-a-cinematic-endurance-test-10048484/ |archive-date=5 October 2025 |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> S. Viswanath of ''[[Deccan Herald]]'' gave 1.5/5 stars and wrote " Despite its iconic names and foot tapping songs, the film ultimately falls flat due to a storyline that feels sickeningly weak, obnoxiously monotonous, and entirely predictable, preventing this portrayal of a self-proclaimed "Yakuza one-man show" from truly resonating."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thug Life Movie Review: Kamal Haasan's Comeback Fizzles in Bloated Gangster Drama |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/thug-life-movie-review-a-nayakan-fails-his-frenzied-followers-3575172 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250613232239/https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/thug-life-movie-review-a-nayakan-fails-his-frenzied-followers-3575172 |archive-date=13 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-06 |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |language=en}}</ref> Bhuvanesh Chandar of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote "Despite an excellent Kamal Haasan, a restrained Silambarasan TR, great production design and superb cinematography, Mani Ratnam’s film is a generic gangster drama that makes you grope in the dark for its beating heart."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chandar |first=Bhuvanesh |date=2025-06-05 |title='Thug Life' movie review: Kamal Haasan's fiery performance aside, Mani Ratnam's gangster drama shoots blanks |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/thug-live-movie-review-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-silambarasan-tr-trisha-ar-rahman/article69656350.ece |access-date=2025-06-05 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Nandini Ramnath of ''[[Scroll.in]]'' wrote "''Thug Life'' looks fresh, exciting and seductive – the classic Mani Ratnam trick to make even the routine appear like something you have never seen before."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramnath |first=Nandini |date=2025-06-05 |title='Thug Life' review: Loads of style and some substance too |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1083045/thug-life-review-cinematic-panache-to-the-rescue-in-the-battle-of-man-buns |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250912095934/https://scroll.in/reel/1083045/thug-life-review-cinematic-panache-to-the-rescue-in-the-battle-of-man-buns |archive-date=12 September 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[Scroll.in]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Rajagopalan Venkataraman of ''[[Khaleej Times]]'' wrote, "Ratnam reserves the best for Thug Life in its first half, for it runs out of steam in the latter. Generic, run-of-the-mill. Words you wouldn’t normally reserve for his productions."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Venkataraman |first=Rajagopalan |date=2025-06-05 |title='Thug Life' is a gangster drama that's not so tough {{!}} Khaleej Times |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/reviews/movie-reviews/thug-life |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250822113927/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/reviews/movie-reviews/thug-life |archive-date=22 August 2025 |access-date=2025-08-29 |website=[[Khaleej Times]]}}</ref>

=== Box office ===
As of 10 June 2025, ''Thug Life'' has grossed {{INRConvert|44.75|c}} in India, and {{INRConvert|40.75|c}} in other territories, for a worldwide total of {{INRConvert|85.5|c}}.<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":10" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-10 |title=Thug Life Day 6 India Box Office: Kamal Haasan starrer continues free falling on first Tuesday; Grosses Rs 1.75 crore |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-day-6-india-box-office-kamal-haasan-starrer-continues-free-falling-on-first-tuesday-grosses-under-rs-1-75-crore-1391129 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250723164810/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-day-6-india-box-office-kamal-haasan-starrer-continues-free-falling-on-first-tuesday-grosses-under-rs-1-75-crore-1391129 |archive-date=23 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-10 |title=Indian 2 vs Thug Life Box Office Comparison: How have Kamal Haasan's last two movies performed in India and worldwide? |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/indian-2-vs-thug-life-box-office-comparison-how-have-kamal-haasans-last-two-movies-performed-in-india-and-worldwide-1391131 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250611055729/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/indian-2-vs-thug-life-box-office-comparison-how-have-kamal-haasans-last-two-movies-performed-in-india-and-worldwide-1391131 |archive-date=11 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref> ''Thug Life'' was a commercial failure, suffering losses greater than other major Tamil and Telugu "disasters" such as ''[[Indian 2]]'', ''[[Game Changer (film)|Game Changer]]'', and ''[[Kanguva]]'' in the recent past.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Entertainment desk |date=17 June 2025 |title=Thug Life box office collection day 12: Kamal Haasan–Mani Ratnam film is a cataclysmic bomb, won't pass Rs 50 crore |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/thug-life-box-office-collection-day-12-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-film-is-a-cataclysmic-bomb-wont-pass-rs-50-crore-10071192/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250618031736/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/thug-life-box-office-collection-day-12-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-film-is-a-cataclysmic-bomb-wont-pass-rs-50-crore-10071192/ |archive-date=18 June 2025 |access-date=20 June 2025 |work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> Due to the film's failure, theater owners in Tamil Nadu sought compensation from the distributor, Red Giant Movies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Simhan |first=TE Raja |date=2025-06-15 |title=As Thug Life flops at box office, theatre owners want compensation |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/variety/as-thug-life-flops-at-box-office-theatre-owners-want-compensation/article69697306.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616055425/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/variety/as-thug-life-flops-at-box-office-theatre-owners-want-compensation/article69697306.ece |archive-date=16 June 2025 |access-date=2025-07-16 |website=[[Business Line]] |language=en}}</ref>

==== Pre-sale records ====
''Thug Life'' opened for advance bookings in Tamil Nadu and other territories on 1 June 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-01 |title=Thug Life Tamil Nadu Advance Booking: Kamal Haasan, Mani Ratnam's film crosses Rs 2.50 crore mark in pre-sales, 4 day to go |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-tamil-nadu-advance-booking-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnams-film-crosses-rs-2-50-crore-mark-in-pre-sales-4-day-to-go-1390303 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250723120709/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-tamil-nadu-advance-booking-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnams-film-crosses-rs-2-50-crore-mark-in-pre-sales-4-day-to-go-1390303 |archive-date=23 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-03 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref> Despite the high expectations for the film, ''[[Pinkvilla]]'' reported that the pre-sales figures were modest.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-03 |title=Thug Life Global Day 1 Advance Bookings Update: Kamal Haasan-Mani Ratnam reunion brings in decent Rs 13.5 crore in presales with little over a day to release |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-global-day-1-advance-bookings-update-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-reunion-brings-in-decent-rs-13-5-crore-in-presales-with-little-over-a-day-to-release-1390521 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250725142325/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-global-day-1-advance-bookings-update-kamal-haasan-mani-ratnam-reunion-brings-in-decent-rs-13-5-crore-in-presales-with-little-over-a-day-to-release-1390521 |archive-date=25 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-03 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref> As of 3 June, the film has grossed {{INRConvert|6|c}} in advance bookings across India, with over {{INRConvert|5|c}} from Tamil Nadu.<ref name=":5" /> Globally, the film performed better, with total advance booking reaching {{INRConvert|13.5|c}}. Over {{INRConvert|7.5|c}} came from international markets, with North America being the strongest overseas territory.<ref name=":5" /> As of 4 June, the film recorded pre-sales of {{INRConvert|8.25|c}}–{{INRConvert|8.50|c}} in Tamil Nadu for the opening day.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} Outside Tamil Nadu, the pre-sales were modest. In Kerala, the film earned approximately {{INRConvert|60|l}}, while the combined bookings of the Telugu states and North India added another {{INRConvert|1|c}}.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}

==== India ====
On 4 June, industry tracking projected that the film would gross {{INRConvert|40|c}}–{{INRConvert|50|c}} domestically on its opening day; some insiders saw those figures as conservative, expecting {{INRConvert|20|c}}.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-04 |title=Thug Life banned in Karnataka - what does it mean for film's box office |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-thug-life-ban-in-karnataka-box-office-prediction-2735648-2025-06-04 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250715131447/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-thug-life-ban-in-karnataka-box-office-prediction-2735648-2025-06-04 |archive-date=15 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-04 |title=Thug Life All India Box Office Prediction: Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam film to open below Vikram and Indian 2 but... |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-all-india-box-office-prediction-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-film-to-open-below-vikram-and-indian-2-but-1390603 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250723090943/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-all-india-box-office-prediction-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnam-film-to-open-below-vikram-and-indian-2-but-1390603 |archive-date=23 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref> While these figures placed it behind Haasan's previous films—[[Vikram (2022 film)|''Vikram'']] ({{INR}}33 crore) and ''[[Indian 2]]'' ({{INR}}30 crore)—industry analysts noted that the projections were still strong given the film's limited market penetration.<ref name=":8" /> After advance bookings, ''Thug Life'' was estimated to open with {{INRConvert|16|c}} in Tamil Nadu, performing strongly in urban regions such as Chennai, Coimbatore, and Chengalpet.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} Overall, the film grossed approximately {{INRConvert|17|c}} on its first day across India.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-06 |title=Thug Life Box Office Collections: Kamal Haasan starrer is Dead on Arrival |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-box-office-collections-kamal-haasan-starrer-is-dead-on-arrival-with-a-poor-first-day-1390765 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250607091733/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-box-office-collections-kamal-haasan-starrer-is-dead-on-arrival-with-a-poor-first-day-1390765 |archive-date=7 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref>

However, the film saw a 55 percent drop on its second day, collecting {{INRConvert|7.50|c}}, and grossed {{INRConvert|24.50|c}} over two days.<ref name=":11"/><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-07 |title=Thug Life Box Office Collections: Kamal Haasan starrer LIFELESS on day two |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-box-office-collections-kamal-haasan-starrer-lifeless-on-day-two-1390841 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250611004413/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-box-office-collections-kamal-haasan-starrer-lifeless-on-day-two-1390841 |archive-date=11 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref> The film closed its four-days extended weekend {{INRConvert|40.25|c}} in India, significantly below industry projections. Regionally, Tamil Nadu contributed {{INRConvert|32.50|c}}, followed by Andhra Pradesh and Telangana with {{INRConvert|3.25|c}}, Kerala and the rest of India with {{INRConvert|2.25|c}} respectively. The film's performance was regarded as disastrous by trade analysts. ''Thug Life'' was unlikely to cross the {{INRConvert|50|c}} mark domestically, an unprecedented underperformance for a high-profile Kamal Haasan film, especially when compared to the gross of ''Indian 2'' despite its own lukewarm reception. The poor domestic turnout also contributed to an overall theatrical loss for distributors and exhibitors.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-09 |title=Thug Life vs Housefull 5 Opening Weekend Box Office: Akshay Kumar's comedy dominates Kamal Haasan starrer by a Rs 50 crore margin |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-vs-housefull-5-opening-weekend-box-office-akshay-kumars-comedy-dominates-kamal-haasan-starrer-by-a-rs-50-crore-margin-1390994 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250723024637/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-vs-housefull-5-opening-weekend-box-office-akshay-kumars-comedy-dominates-kamal-haasan-starrer-by-a-rs-50-crore-margin-1390994 |archive-date=23 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref>

The film continued to struggle during weekdays, collecting {{INRConvert|2.25|c}} on Monday, {{INRConvert|1.75|c}} on Tuesday, and {{INRConvert|1.25|c}} on Wednesday. This brought its first-week domestic total to around {{INRConvert|46|c}}.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-11 |title=Thug Life Week 1 Worldwide Box Office: Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam's movie grosses a paltry Rs 89 crore in week 1; To end under Rs 100 crore mark |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-week-1-worldwide-box-office-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-movie-grosses-a-paltry-rs-89-crore-in-week-1-to-end-under-rs-100-crore-mark-1391224 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250611203323/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-week-1-worldwide-box-office-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-movie-grosses-a-paltry-rs-89-crore-in-week-1-to-end-under-rs-100-crore-mark-1391224 |archive-date=11 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-11 |title=Thug Life Week 1 India Box Office Collection: Kamal Haasan and Mani Ratnam's crime-actioner grosses dismal Rs 46 crore in 7 days |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-week-1-india-box-office-collection-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-crime-actioner-grosses-dismal-rs-46-crore-in-7-days-1391222 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612055117/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/thug-life-week-1-india-box-office-collection-kamal-haasan-and-mani-ratnams-crime-actioner-grosses-dismal-rs-46-crore-in-7-days-1391222 |archive-date=12 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-12 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en}}</ref> The [[#Kamal Haasan's Kannada–Tamil comment|absence of release in Karnataka, due to controversy over Haasan's remarks on the Kannada language]], also impacted collections, with trade analysts estimating a loss of approximately {{INRConvert|5|c}} in potential revenue.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Naig |first=Udhav |date=2025-06-03 |title=As Kamal has decided against release of Thug Life in Karnataka, trade analysts expect 7% loss in total gross revenue |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/as-kamal-has-decided-against-release-of-thug-life-in-karnataka-trade-analysts-expect-7-loss-in-total-gross-revenue/article69653198.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724235957/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/as-kamal-has-decided-against-release-of-thug-life-in-karnataka-trade-analysts-expect-7-loss-in-total-gross-revenue/article69653198.ece |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-04 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":5" />

==== Other territories ====
Some publications reported that the film could be Kamal Haasan's highest international opening to date.<ref name=":5" /> Industry sources also said the film needed to gross {{INRConvert|250|c}} to [[break-even]] when factoring in its production budget, premium video-on-demand, streaming deal with [[Netflix]], audio deal with [[Saregama]] and satellite deal with [[Star Vijay]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} ''Thug Life'' was projected to gross around {{INRConvert|25|c}}–{{INRConvert|35|c}} internationally on its first day, for a global debut of {{INRConvert|75|c}}.<ref name=":7" /> However, it grossed {{INRConvert|19|c}} overseas, which was a comparatively stronger start than its domestic performance, bringing the film's worldwide debut to approximately {{INRConvert|36.30|c}}.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} It witnessed significant drops on day two internationally.<ref name=":10" /> Over its four-days extended weekend, ''Thug Life'' grossed approximately {{INRConvert|41|c}} from international markets. Despite a stronger opening overseas, the film experienced significant drops across North America, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Southeast Asian territories due to mixed-to-poor audience reception.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} In total, ''Thug Life'' grossed around {{INRConvert|81|c}} worldwide in its opening weekend.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} At the end of its week, it grossed {{INRConvert|43|c}} internationally, for a worldwide total of {{INRConvert|89|c}}.<ref name=":15" /> While non-theatrical revenues helped minimise the loss for the producers, overseas theatrical buyers and exhibitors were expected to face substantial deficits.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}

== Controversies ==

=== Silambarasan's alleged industry ban ===
Shortly after Silambarasan's inclusion was confirmed in 2024 May, producer [[Ishari K. Ganesh]] demanded his removal, alleging there was an active "red card" issued by the [[Tamil Film Producers Council]] to the actor that prohibits him from accepting new projects until he completes ''Corona Kumar'', which remains in [[development hell]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 May 2024 |title=Producer Ishari K Ganesh Files Complaint Against Silamabarasan For Corona Kumar Dispute |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/producer-ishari-k-ganesh-files-complaint-against-silamabarasan-for-corona-kumar-dispute-8886165.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240511080934/https://www.news18.com/movies/producer-ishari-k-ganesh-files-complaint-against-silamabarasan-for-corona-kumar-dispute-8886165.html |archive-date=11 May 2024 |access-date=11 September 2024 |website=[[News18]] |language=en}}</ref> However, Silambarasan denied having received a red card.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Menon |first=Akhila |date=2 June 2024 |title=Silambarasan opens up about Thug Life and STR 48; reacts to 'red card' rumours |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/silambarasan-opens-up-about-thug-life-and-str-48-reacts-to-red-card-rumours/6f514a0818330 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605120804/https://www.ottplay.com/news/silambarasan-opens-up-about-thug-life-and-str-48-reacts-to-red-card-rumours/6f514a0818330 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |language=en}}</ref>

=== Age gap between Kamal Haasan and the lead actresses ===
In the film's trailer, Haasan's character was seen in a romantic relationship with Trisha's character. The trailer had also showcased a lip lock sequence between Abhirami and Haasan. The portrayal drew criticism from some audiences due to the 29-year age difference between Haasan and the actresses. Mani Ratnam addressed the concerns, noting that such age differences are not uncommon in real life and encouraged audiences to view the romance in the context of the characters, rather than the actors themselves.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Garg |first=Tanya |date=27 May 2025 |title=Thug Life: Mani Ratnam DEFENDS Kamal Haasan Romancing 28 Years Younger Actress Trisha Krishnan In Tamil Movie |url=https://www.thedailyjagran.com/entertainment/news/thug-life-mani-ratnam-defends-kamal-haasan-romancing-28-years-younger-actress-trisha-krishnan-in-tamil-movie-10240586 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616015036/https://www.thedailyjagran.com/entertainment/news/thug-life-mani-ratnam-defends-kamal-haasan-romancing-28-years-younger-actress-trisha-krishnan-in-tamil-movie-10240586 |archive-date=16 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-03 |website=[[Dainik Jagran|The Daily Jagran]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Riya |date=May 18, 2025 |title=Kamal Haasan (70)'s kiss with Abhirami (42), romantic scene with Trisha (42) in Thug Life irks Reddit: 'This is weird' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/kamal-haasans-kiss-with-abhirami-romantic-scene-with-trisha-in-thug-life-trailer-irks-reddit-101747551808424.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250620174157/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/kamal-haasans-kiss-with-abhirami-romantic-scene-with-trisha-in-thug-life-trailer-irks-reddit-101747551808424.html |archive-date=20 June 2025 |access-date=4 June 2025 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref>

=== Kamal Haasan's Kannada–Tamil comment ===
During a promotional event for the film in [[Bengaluru]] on 28 May 2025, Kamal Haasan remarked that the Kannada language had emerged from the Tamil language. The statement received criticism from several people, with many deeming the claim factually incorrect and culturally insensitive. The following day, the Karnataka Film Chamber of Commerce (KFCC) issued a statement demanding a public apology from Haasan within two days, or the film would be banned from release in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |last=M.V |first=Vivek |date=2025-05-29 |title=Kamal Haasan must apologise in two days for remark on Kannada language, says Karnataka film chamber |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/thug-life-release-in-limbo-in-karnataka-kamal-haasan-must-apologise-in-two-days-says-film-chamber/article69633379.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250727030240/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/thug-life-release-in-limbo-in-karnataka-kamal-haasan-must-apologise-in-two-days-says-film-chamber/article69633379.ece |archive-date=27 July 2025 |access-date=2025-05-29 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Thug Life Ban Warning: KFCC Demands Kamal Haasan Apology over Kannada Remark |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/if-kamal-haasan-doesnt-apologise-by-may-30-thug-life-will-not-be-screened-in-karnataka-kfcc-3562603 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250529195007/https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/if-kamal-haasan-doesnt-apologise-by-may-30-thug-life-will-not-be-screened-in-karnataka-kfcc-3562603 |archive-date=29 May 2025 |access-date=2025-05-29 |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |language=en}}</ref>

On 30 May, KFCC announced that the film was banned as Haasan refused to apologise.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thug Life Ban In Karnataka: Kamal Haasan's Thug Life Faces Ban In Karnataka Amid Kannada-Tamil Remark Row |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/kamal-haasans-thug-life-faces-ban-in-karnataka-amid-kannada-tamil-remark-row-9360047.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250605134618/https://www.news18.com/movies/kamal-haasans-thug-life-faces-ban-in-karnataka-amid-kannada-tamil-remark-row-9360047.html |archive-date=5 June 2025 |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=[[News18]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-30 |title=Kamal Haasan's Thug Life banned in Karnataka amid Kannada language row |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-thug-life-banned-karnataka-kannada-language-row-2733089-2025-05-30 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250808010919/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-thug-life-banned-karnataka-kannada-language-row-2733089-2025-05-30 |archive-date=8 August 2025 |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> The issue was subsequently brought before the [[Karnataka High Court]], where, on 3 June, Haasan stated that he himself had decided to not release the film in Karnataka on 5 June.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-03 |title='Thug Life' Will Not Be Released In Karnataka On June 5, Kamal Haasan Informs High Court |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!bharat/karnataka-high-court-criticises-kamal-haasan-remarks-kannada-was-born-out-of-tamil-row-thug-life-release-latest-update-enn25060303005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616015036/https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!bharat/karnataka-high-court-criticises-kamal-haasan-remarks-kannada-was-born-out-of-tamil-row-thug-life-release-latest-update-enn25060303005 |archive-date=16 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-03 |website=[[ETV Bharat News]] |language=en}}</ref> Justice M. Nagaprasanna adjourned the hearing to 10 June.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-06-03 |title=Kamal Haasan to not release 'Thug Life' in Karnataka on June 5, refuses to apologise for his controversial remark on Kannada |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/thug-life-controversy-when-c-rajagopalchari-had-apologised-for-saying-kannada-evolved-from-tamil-why-cant-kamal-haasan-asks-karnataka-high-court/article69651681.ece |access-date=2025-06-03 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN}}</ref> The same day, the [[Tamil Film Producers Council|Tamil Film Active Producers Association]] requested the KFCC to lift the ban to ensure a 5 June release for the film in Karnataka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mullappilly |first=Sreejith |date=2025-06-08 |title=Tamil Film Active Producers Association appeals to KFCC for Thug Life's release |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Jun/03/tamil-film-active-producers-association-appeals-to-kfcc-for-thug-lifes-release |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250618143705/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Jun/03/tamil-film-active-producers-association-appeals-to-kfcc-for-thug-lifes-release |archive-date=18 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-04 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref> Haasan's decision to not apologise and release on 5 June in Karnataka was supported by some fans and audiences, with the tag ''#IStandWithKamalHaasan'' trending on social media.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-06-04 |title="#IStandWithKamalHaasan" trends as fans back actor amid 'Thug Life' Karnataka release row |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/istandwithkamalhaasan-trends-as-fans-back-actor-amid-thug-life-karnataka-release-row/articleshow/121611662.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250825003233/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/istandwithkamalhaasan-trends-as-fans-back-actor-amid-thug-life-karnataka-release-row/articleshow/121611662.cms |archive-date=25 August 2025 |access-date=2025-06-05 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

<ref>{{Cite web |last=A S |first=Pranati |date=1 June 2025 |title=Theatres plan 'no slot' strategy to avoid screening 'Thug Life' in state |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/theatres-plan-no-slot-strategy-to-avoid-screening-thug-life-in-state-3566126 |access-date=2025-06-07 |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |language=en}}</ref> On 17 June, the [[Supreme Court of India]] advocated for the film's release in Karnataka, saying the law cannot be dictated by mob threats.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 June 2025 |title=Not Karnataka High Court's role to demand apology: Top court slams Thug Life ban |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/law-news/story/cant-allow-mob-vigilance-to-take-over-supreme-court-says-kamal-haasans-thug-life-must-release-in-karnataka-2741936-2025-06-17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250617074930/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/law-news/story/cant-allow-mob-vigilance-to-take-over-supreme-court-says-kamal-haasans-thug-life-must-release-in-karnataka-2741936-2025-06-17 |archive-date=17 June 2025 |access-date=17 June 2025 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-17 |title='Mob rule can't override law': SC criticises Karnataka govt for stalling Thug Life |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/karnataka/mob-rule-cant-override-law-sc-criticises-karnataka-govt-for-stalling-thug-life |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250713200536/https://www.thenewsminute.com/karnataka/mob-rule-cant-override-law-sc-criticises-karnataka-govt-for-stalling-thug-life |archive-date=13 July 2025 |access-date=2025-06-17 |website=[[The News Minute]] |language=en}}</ref> However, the film's Karnataka distributors remained firm on not releasing the film there.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-19 |title=Kamal Haasan's Thug Life won't release in Karnataka despite court order: Distributors |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-thug-life-will-not-release-karnataka-despite-supreme-court-order-distributor-2743081-2025-06-19 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250619143912/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kamal-haasan-thug-life-will-not-release-karnataka-despite-supreme-court-order-distributor-2743081-2025-06-19 |archive-date=19 June 2025 |access-date=2025-06-19 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref>

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}

{{Mani Ratnam}}
{{Raaj Kamal Films International}}

[[Category:2020s gangster films]]
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Vivekanand Education Society's Institute of Management Studies and Research

2026-04-15T23:43:47Z

KristineCharlton: New new post.

{{Short description|Private business school in Mumbai, India}}
{{Primary sources|date=September 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox university
| name = VESIM
| image_size =
| caption =
| motto = ''Professionals with Principles''
| established = {{Start date|1994}}
| type = [[Private University|Private]] [[business school]]
| endowment =
| budget =
| rector =
| officer_in_charge =
| chairman =
| chancellor =
| president = Shri. Suresh Malkani
| vice-president =
| superintendent =
| provost =
| vice_chancellor =
| principal =
| director = Dr. Vijay T Raisinghani
| dean =
| city = [[Mumbai]]
| state = [[Maharashtra]]
| coor = {{coord|19.0328|72.8964|type:edu|display=inline,title}}|
| country = [[India]]
| campus = Urban
| website = {{url|https://vesim.ves.ac.in/}}
| logo =
| image_name = VESIM logo.jpeg
| faculty =
}}
[[File:VESIM2.jpg|thumb|Vivekanand Education Society Institute of Management Studies and Research campus at [[Chembur]]]]
'''Vivekanand Education Society Institute of Management Studies & Research''' ('''VESIM''') is a premier [[business school]] located in [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India.

==Accreditation==

The post graduation programs of VESIM are [[All India Council for Technical Education]] (AICTE) approved,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vesim.ves.ac.in/images/accreditations/AICTE%20approval%20letter%202017-18.pdf|title=AICTE Approval Letter 2017-18 |website=www.vesim.ves.ac.in|accessdate=31 March 2018|publisher=[[All India Council for Technical Education]]|date=30 March 2017}}</ref> accredited by the [[National Board of Accreditation]] (NBA)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vesim.ves.ac.in/images/accreditations/Vivekanand%20Education%20Society's%20Inst.%20Of%20Magmt%20Studs5_10_2017_9_29_43.pdf|title=NBA Accreditation Letter 2018-19 |website=www.vesim.ves.ac.in|accessdate=31 March 2018|publisher=[[National Board of Accreditation]]|date=27 September 2017}}</ref> and accorded equivalence with MBA Degree of an Indian University by [[Association of Indian Universities]] (AIU).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vesim.ves.ac.in/images/accreditations/Equivalence%20of%20PGDM%20by%20AIU.pdf|title=Equivalence of PGDM by AIU |website=www.vesim.ves.ac.in|accessdate=31 March 2018|publisher=[[Association of Indian Universities]]|date=26 September 2017}}</ref> VESIM has been awarded "A" grade by the [[Directorate of Technical Education, Maharashtra]] (DTE) in 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vesim.ves.ac.in/images/accreditations/DTE%20Letter%20for%20A%20Grade.pdf|title=DTE Letter for A Grade |website=www.vesim.ves.ac.in|date= 20 November 2007|accessdate=31 March 2018|publisher=[[Directorate of Technical Education, Maharashtra]]}}</ref> VESIM has also received the National Assessment And Accreditation Council (NAAC) accreditation.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vesim.ves.ac.in/images/accreditations/NAAC-Certification.pdf|title=National Assessment And Accreditation Council (NAAC) Letter|last=|first=|date=|website=www.vesim.ves.ac.in|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=27 September 2019}}</ref>

== Rankings and awards ==
Bronze winner in the category ‘Pedagogy for Developing Job Competencies in MBAs’ at the "9th Indian Management Conclave Award 2018" held at IIM Bangalore<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mbauniverse.com/article/id/1082/imc-awards-2018|title=9th Indian Management Conclave Award 2018|last=|first=|date=|website=MBA Universe|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=28 September 2019}}</ref>

Ranked among Top 76-100 Rank Band PAN India by NIRF for 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2019/ManagementRanking150.html|title=National Institutional Ranking Framework MHRD, Government of India|last=|first=|date=|website=National Institutional Ranking Framework|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=28 September 2019}}</ref>

Ranked 67th in the overall ranking of Top B-Schools by MBA Universe for the year 2018-2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mbauniverse.com/mba-ranking/mbauniverse|title=MBAUniverse.com Rankings 2018-19|last=|first=|date=|website=MBAUniverse.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=28 September 2019}}</ref>

==Journals==
* ‘Journal of Development Research’ (ISSN No. 2229-7561) is a biannual publication about management of institutional and structural transformation of societies.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}

==Notable staff==
* [[Satish Modh]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://worldeducationcongress.com/100most_influential_directors.html |title=100 Most Influential Directors |website=Worldeducationcongress.com |date= |accessdate=2016-08-10 |archive-date=11 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011161649/http://worldeducationcongress.com/100most_influential_directors.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[List of Vivekanand Education Society’s schools and colleges]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://vesim.ves.ac.in/ Official Website]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:VESIM}}
[[Category:Business schools in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1994]]
[[Category:1994 establishments in Maharashtra]]

Lodi–Tomaras War

2026-04-15T18:09:47Z

KristineCharlton:

{{Short description|War between Delhi Sultanate and the Tomaras of Gwalior}}

{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Lodi–Tomaras War (1501–1507)
| width = 330px
| partof =
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| date = 1501–1507 AD
| place = [[Rajasthan]]
| coordinates = {{coord|26.7|N|77.9|E|display=inline,title}}
| map_type = Rajasthan#India
| map_relief =
| map_size = 320px
| map_marksize =
| map_caption =
| map_label =
| territory = [[Dholpur]], [[Mandrayal]] and Utngarh added to the territory of [[Delhi Sultanate]]
| result = [[Lodi dynasty|Lodi]] victory
| status =
| combatants_header =
| combatant1 = [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] [[Delhi Sultanate]]
| combatant2 = [[Tomar (Rajput clan)|Tanwars of Dholpur]] [[Tomaras of Gwalior]]
| combatant3 =
| commander1 = [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] [[Sikandar Lodi]] [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Alam Khan [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Khan-i-Khanan Nuhani [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Khawas Khan [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Khwaja Baben{{KIA}} [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Adam Lodi [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Mian Makan [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Mujahid Khan [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Azam Humayun [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Awadh Khan [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Ahmad Khan [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Imad Khan Farmuli [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|25px]] Malik Alauddin{{WIA}}
| commander2 = [[Man Singh Tomar]] Vinayak Deva Raja Manik Dev
| commander3 =
| units1 =
| units2 =
| units3 =
| strength1 = 10,000 Cavalry 100 Elephants
| strength2 = Unknown
| strength3 =
| casualties1 = Heavy
| casualties2 = Heavy
| casualties3 =
| notes =
| campaignbox =
}}

The '''Lodi–Tomaras War''' (1501–1507) was a series of military campaigns fought between Sultan [[Sikandar Khan Lodi|Sikandar Lodi]] of the [[Delhi Sultanate]] and [[Man Singh Tomar]] of the [[Tomaras of Gwalior]]. Sikandar captured [[Dholpur]] from Vinayak Deva in 1501. In 1504 he took [[Mandrayal|Mandrail]], later in 1505–1506 he ravaged the [[Gwalior]] countryside from the [[Chambal River]] but failed to capture the main fort, and in 1507 he seized the strategic fort of Utgir (Avantgarh) after a fierce siege. Despite repeated expeditions, plundering, and the conquest of several peripheral forts, Sikandar could not reduce the strongly defended Gwalior Fort itself. Raja Man Singh successfully defended his core territory through guerrilla tactics and ambushes. The war ended in 1507, with Gwalior remaining independent under Tomara rule.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Halim|1939|pp=842–848}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lal|1950|p=243}}</ref>

== Background ==
In 1500, Sa'id Khan Sarwani, governor of [[Lahore]] and Asghar of [[Delhi]] plotted to place Sikandar's brother Fateh Khan on the throne, but the prince exposed them; Asghar was jailed, while Sarwani and his associates were banished. They sought refuge to [[Tomaras of Gwalior|Gwalior]], where Raja[[Man Singh Tomar]] sheltered them.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lal|1963|p=174}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Haig|1928|p=241}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Roy|1958|pp=80}}</ref> Sikandar chose to attack Gwalior both to punish Raja Man Singh for sheltering his banished nobles.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Pandey|1956|p=132}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Habib|Nizami|1970|p=695}}</ref> Meanwhile rebel attacks on [[Bayana]], believed to be stirred by the Raja of Dholpur gave Sikandar an excuse to attack Dholpur.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Halim|1961|p=79}}</ref> Dholpur was a Gwalior dependency under Raja Vinayakdeva.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Pandey|1956|p=132}}</ref>

== Campaigns ==

=== Siege of Dholpur (1501) ===
In 1501, Sikandar Lodi ordered his generals Alam Khan, Khan-i-Khanan [[Lohani]] and Khawas Khan to invade Dholpur, then ruled by Raja Manik Dev. The Raja offered battle upon the arrival of the Lodi forces and the subsequent siege of the fort. Daily skirmishes resulted in heavy casualties on the Lodi side, including the death of the noted warrior Khwaja Baban. Upon receiving news of the setbacks, Sikandar Lodi marched rapidly from [[Sambhal]] and reached Dholpur on 25 March 1501. As the Sultan approached, Rai Manik Dev fled to [[Gwalior]], leaving his family and dependents in the fort. That night, the defenders abandoned the stronghold, allowing the Lodi forces to occupy Dholpur without further resistance the following morning. The victorious troops looted the town. Sikandar Lodi remained in Dholpur for a month. He then left Adam Khan Lodi and a contingent of nobles in charge of the fort and advanced toward Gwalior. The Sultan sought to punish its ruler, Raja Man Singh, for two offences: sheltering nobles who had rebelled against the Lodi regime, and providing refuge to the fugitive Raja of Dholpur.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Halim|1961|pp=79–80}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Habib|Nizami|1970|p=695}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Haig|1928|p=241}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Roy|1958|p=82}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lal|1963|p=174–175}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Pandey|1956|pp=132–133}}</ref>

=== Campaign of Gwalior (1502–3) ===
Next, Sikandar Lodi crossed the [[Chambal River]] and encamped on the banks of the Asi ([[Mandakini River]]) for two months. An epidemic broke out among the troops due to low water levels. In 1503, Man Singh sent his [[Vekil|wakil]] to sue for peace. He surrendered the fugitive nobles S'aid Khan, Babu Khan, and Rai Ganesh, and sent his eldest son Vikramjit as hostage. Sikandar honoured Vikramjit with a ''[[Robe of honour|khilat]]'' and a horse. After the terms were settled, the Sultan marched back to [[Agra]]. He reinstated Manik Deo as ruler of Dholpur before returning to the fort.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Halim|1961|pp=81}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Habib|Nizami|1970|p=695}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Haig|1928|p=242}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Roy|1958|p=|pp=82–83}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lal|1963|p=175}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Pandey|1956|pp=|p=133}}</ref>

=== '''Siege of Mandrail (1504)''' ===
In 1504, Sultan Sikandar Lodi marched against the fort of [[Mandrayal|Mandrail]], located to the east of Gwalior and forming part of the territories associated with the Tomar rulers of Gwalior. The garrison requested quarter and surrendered the fort without prolonged fighting. Sikandar left Mian Makhan (or Makan) and Mujahid Khan in charge of the fort with a garrison. The surrounding countryside was plundered: buildings and gardens were destroyed, people were killed or taken prisoner, and the land was laid waste. After these operations, Sikandar returned toward his base. Many of his troops suffered from illness, fever, and heat-related casualties during the return, particularly in areas such as the Bayana region. Following this campaign, concerns over loyalty led to the replacement of Dholpur's governor, Vinayak Deva, with Malik Qamar-ud-din, and the fort at Dholpur was strengthened as a forward base.<ref name=":0" />

=== '''Campaign of Gwalior (1505–1506)''' ===
In late 1505, after the rainy season, Sikandar Lodi renewed operations against Gwalior territories. He halted at Dholpur for about one to one-and-a-half months to rest and refit his army, then advanced to the banks of the Chambal River, where he encamped for several months. Princes such as Jalal Khan and Ibrahim Khan, along with other chiefs, were posted at Dholpur. From the Chambal camp, Sikandar led forces into the Gwalior countryside, conducting raids. Troops were hunted down, many killed or enslaved, and the land ruined. Rajput tactics blocked supplies, leaving the Lodi camp short of food. Sikandar deputed detachments, including one under Azam Humayun, to procure supplies, but these faced harassment. A significant engagement occurred at Chatawar,{{Efn|also referred to as Chinawar or near Jatwar}} a dependency of Gwalior. The Lodi advance guard was attacked in an ambush by Rajput forces. A fierce battle followed, in which commanders such as Awadh Khan, Ahmad Khan, and reinforcements from the main army repelled the attackers. Many Rajputs were killed or captured. Despite the tactical success and widespread ravaging of the territory, Sikandar did not advance to besiege the main Gwalior Fort itself. As the rainy season approached again and supplies remained short, he withdrew toward Agra via Dholpur, leaving several nobles including Awadh Khan at Dholpur. During the retreat, Raja Man Singh Tomar's forces ambushed the Lodi army near Jatwar, inflicting casualties before being driven off. Some accounts note that Sikandar himself narrowly escaped an encounter with Rajput scouts. The campaign, lasting roughly from September 1505 to May 1506, ended without the capture of Gwalior Fort. Sikandar had secured control over outlying areas including Mandrail and strengthened his position at Dholpur, but the core objective of reducing the Gwalior state remained unachieved.<ref name=":0">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Halim|1961|pp=82–86}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Habib|Nizami|1970|p=|pp=695–696}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Haig|1928|p=|pp=242–243}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Roy|1958|p=|pp=83–85}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lal|1963|p=|pp=175–177}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Pandey|1956|pp=134–136|p=}}</ref>

=== Siege of Untgarh '''(1507)''' ===
In 1506–07, after the rise of Canopus and following his earlier campaigns around Gwalior, Sultan Sikandar Lodi turned his attention to the fort of Utgir{{Efn|Also known as Uditnagar, Avantgarh, Untgarh, Awantgarh, or Antagarh.}}. The fort, situated south of Mandrail on the Chambal River and lying along the [[Narwar]]–Gwalior route (approximately 28 miles south-west of [[Karauli]] at the southern mouth of the Pannar Pass), was regarded as a strategic key for further operations against Gwalior. Sikandar first sent an advance force under Imad Khan Farmuli and Mujahid Khan with a strong contingent including 10,000 cavalry and 100 elephants for reconnaissance. He himself halted at Dholpur, later joined the advance party there, and left Mujahid Khan at Dholpur before crossing the Chambal. The Sultan reached the fort on 6 February 1507. He ordered a siege and personally directed the assault. The Lodi forces surrounded the fort from all sides and pressed the attack intensely. A breach was effected in the walls, primarily through the efforts of Malik Alauddin, who was blinded in one eye by an arrow during the fighting. Once the outer defences were overrun, the Rajput garrison retreated into their houses, continuing desperate resistance. The women and children performed ''[[jauhar]]'', while the men fought to the death. After the fort was taken Sikandar initially placed the fort under the charge of Mian Makhan and Mujahid Khan. However, it was soon discovered that Mujahid Khan had allegedly accepted a bribe from the Raja of Utgir and had agreed to influence the Sultan to relinquish the fort. In response, on 28 May 1507, the Sultan arrested Mulla Jumman, a chamberlain and partisan of Mujahid Khan, and sent orders to the nobles at Dholpur to arrest Mujahid Khan. The fort was then transferred to Malik Tajuddin Kamboh.<ref name=":1" />

== Aftermath ==
Following the capture, Sikandar began his return march to Agra via Dholpur in June 1507. He passed through Dholpur. The chosen route proved extremely difficult due to its narrow, uneven, and rugged terrain with scarcity of water. Many soldiers died of thirst, while others who found water drank excessively and collapsed. Some were crushed by the press of baggage animals. Official counts after reaching safer ground recorded approximately 800 casualties from these causes. The Sultan reached Agra shortly afterward and spent the rainy season there.<ref name=":1">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Halim|1961|pp=86–88}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Habib|Nizami|1970|p=|pp=696}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Haig|1928|p=243|pp=}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Roy|1958|p=86|pp=}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Lal|1963|p=|pp=177–178}}{{Break}}{{Harvard citation no brackets|Pandey|1956|pp=137–138|p=}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Battle of Dholpur]]
* [[Siege of Gwalior (1518)]]

== Notes ==
{{Notes}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book |last=Pandey |first=Awadh Bihari |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/The_First_Afghan_Empire_in_India_1451_15.html?id=DVIbAAAAIAAJ |title=The First Afghan Empire in India, 1451-1526 A. D. |date=1956 |publisher=Bookland |language=en |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.12767/ |archive-date=2018-09-25}}
* {{Cite book |last=Halim |first=Abdul |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/History_of_the_Lodi_Sultans_of_Delhi_and.html?id=cTzPHAAACAAJ |title=History of the Lodi Sultans of Delhi and Agra |date=1961 |publisher=University of Dacca |language=en |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.119718/ |archive-date=2017-01-16}}
* {{Cite book |last=Habib |first=Mohammad |author-link=Mohammad Habib |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Comprehensive_History_of_India.html?id=WzARcgAACAAJ |title=A Comprehensive History of India |last2=Nizami |first2=Khaliq Ahmad |author-link2=Khaliq Ahmad Nizami |date=1970 |publisher=People's Publishing House |volume=5, Part 2 |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=Haig |first=W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QXhZ38Y4ugAC |title=The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans, edited by W. Haig |date=1928 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=III |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=Roy |first=Nirodbhusan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t9EsAQAAMAAJ |title=Niamatullah's History of the Afghans: Part 1 - Lodi Period |date=1958 |publisher=Santiniketan Press |language=en}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Halim |first=Abdul |date=1939 |title=Sikandar Lodi as a Founder |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44252439 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=3 |pages=842–848 |issn=2249-1937}}
* {{cite book |author=Lal |first=Kishori Saran |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E8QeAAAAMAAJ |title=Twilight of the Sultanate |publisher=Asia Publishing House |year=1963 |oclc=500687579}}
* {{Cite book |last=Srivastava |first=Ashirbadi Lal |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Sultanate_of_Delhi_711_1526_A_D.html?id=PAsfAAAAIAAJ |title=The Sultanate of Delhi, 711-1526 A.D.: Including the Arab Invasion of Sindh, Hindu Rule in Afghanistan and Causes of the Defeat of the Hindus in Early Medieval Age |date=1966 |publisher=Shiva Lal Agarwala |language=en |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.241557 |archive-date=2020-10-13}}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Battles involving the Delhi Sultanate|Dholpur]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Rajputs]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1501]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1502]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1503]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1504]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1505]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1506]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1507]]

Ary Bansal

2026-04-15T12:23:46Z

KristineCharlton: creating a article

{{Short description|Indian racing driver (born 2009)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ary Bansal
| native_name = {{nobold|आर्यमान बंसल}}
| native_name_lang = hi
| image = Ary bansal feb 26 (cropped).jpg
| caption = Bansal in 2026
| birth_name = Aryaman Bansal
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2009|11|8|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Chandigarh]], India
| module = {{Infobox racing driver|embed=yes
| nationality = {{flagicon|IND}} Indian
| current_series = [[Italian F4 Championship]]
| first_year = [[2025 Italian F4 Championship|2025]]
| current_team = [[US Racing]]
| car_number = 46
| former_teams = [[Elite Motorsport|Elite]], [[Fortec Motorsport|Fortec]]
| starts = 3
| wins = 0
| podiums = 0
| poles = 0
| fastest_laps = 0
| best_finish = 39th
| year = [[2025 Italian F4 Championship|2025]]
| updated = 23 December 2025
| prev_series = {{plainlist|
* [[F4 Saudi Arabian]]
* [[E4 Championship|E4]]
* [[F4 British]]
* [[GB4 Championship|GB4]]
* [[Formula Trophy UAE]]
* [[F4 Spanish]]
}}
| prev_series_years = {{plainlist|
* [[2025 F4 Saudi Arabian Championship|2025]]
* [[2025 E4 Championship|2025]]
* [[2025 F4 British Championship|2025]]
* [[2025 GB4 Championship|2025]]
* [[2024 Formula Trophy UAE|2024]]
* [[2024 F4 Spanish Championship|2024]]
}}
| titles = {{plainlist|
* [[GB4 Championship]]
}}
| title_years = {{plainlist|
* [[2025 GB4 Championship|2025]]
}}
| awards =
| award_years =
}}
}}

'''Aryaman''' "'''Ary'''" '''Bansal''' ({{langx|hi|आर्यमान बंसल}}; born 8 November 2009) is an Indian [[racing driver]] who is set to compete in the [[Italian F4 Championship]] for [[US Racing]].

Born in [[Chandigarh]] and raised in [[Bengaluru]], Bansal won his maiden title at the [[2025 GB4 Championship]] with [[Elite Motorsport|Elite]].

== Early life ==
Aryaman Bansal was born on 8 November 2009 in [[Chandigarh]], India.<ref name="ab">{{cite web |title=About Ary Bansal |url=https://arybansal.com/|website=Ary Bansal |access-date=25 December 2025}}</ref> He is based in [[Bengaluru]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gb-4.net/drivers/2025/ary-bansal|title=Ary Bansal|access-date=26 December 2025|website=[[GB4 Championship]]}}</ref>

== Racing career ==
=== Karting ===
{{expand section|date=December 2025}}

=== Formula 4 (2024–present) ===
==== 2024 ====
Shortly after turning 15, Bansal made his [[Formula 4]] debut in the final round of the [[2025 F4 Spanish Championship]] at the [[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya]] for [[Rodin Motorsport]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wood|first=Ida|date=9 November 2024|title=Enzo Tarnvanichkul takes P1 by 0.06s in Spanish F4 practice|url=https://formulascout.com/enzo-tarnvanichkul-takes-p1-by-0-06s-in-spanish-f4-practice/125562|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref> His highest would be a nineteenth place during the first race.

Bansal also competed in the [[2024 Formula Trophy UAE|inaugural season]] of the [[Formula Trophy UAE]] for Xcel Motorsport.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Formula Trophy UAE: 2024 season guide|date=28 November 2024|url=https://feederseries.net/2024/11/28/formula-trophy-uae-2024-season-guide/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref> He scored in four of the six races during the campaign, his highest being a fifth place during the second race at the [[Dubai Autodrome]], as he placed fourteenth in the standings.

==== 2025 ====
For Bansal's main campaign, he competed in the [[2025 GB4 Championship|GB4 Championship]] with [[Elite Motorsport]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=GB4: 2025 season guide|date=3 April 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/04/03/gb4-2025-season-guide/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref> He began his season positively, taking his first win during the opening round in [[Donington Park]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Whitfield|first=Steve|date=6 April 2025|title=Ary Bansal leads Elite Motorsport podium lockout in GB4 race two|url=https://formulascout.com/ary-bansal-leads-elite-motorsport-podium-lockout-in-gb4-race-two/129519|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref> before securing a double podium in [[Silverstone Circuit|Silverstone]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Feeder Series weekend review, results and standings: 25–27 April|date=28 April 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/04/28/feeder-series-weekend-review-results-and-standings-25-27-april/#gb4-two-points-separate-top-four-as-guinchard-holds-off-elite-trio|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref> More points followed in [[Oulton Park]], and claimed a commanding double victory in [[Snetterton Circuit|Snetterton]] after taking his first poles.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Whitfield|first=Steve|date=12 July 2025|title=Elite's Ary Bansal snatches first GB4 poles at Snetterton|url=https://formulascout.com/elites-ary-bansal-snatches-first-gb4-poles-at-snetterton/133073|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Whitfield|first=Steve|date=12 July 2025|title=Ary Bansal climbs GB4 standings with Snetterton victory|url=https://formulascout.com/ary-bansal-climbs-gb4-standings-with-snetterton-victory/133085|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Whitfield|first=Steve|date=13 July 2025|title=Bansal holds off Guinchard to win GB4 race two at Snetterton|url=https://formulascout.com/bansal-holds-off-guinchard-to-win-gb4-race-two-at-snetterton/133105|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref> He scored consistent podiums during the next two rounds,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Feeder Series weekend review, results and standings: 01–03 August (Europe)|date=4 August 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/08/04/feeder-series-weekend-review-results-and-standings-01-03-august-europe/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Feeder Series weekend review, results and standings: 22–24 August|date=25 August 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/08/25/feeder-series-weekend-review-results-and-standings-22-24-august/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref> allowing to enter the final round in Donington with a shot for the title.<ref>{{Cite web|title=GB4 finale: Can Guinchard keep the charging Elites behind to seal the title?|date=2 October 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/10/02/gb4-finale-can-guinchard-keep-the-charging-elites-behind-to-seal-the-title/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref> Despite a substantial margin to championship leader Daniel Guinchard, Bansal took three podiums out of four that weekend which included a win, allowing him to seal the title by eleven points in the final race.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Whitfield|first=Steve|date=5 October 2025|title=Bansal gains clear GB4 lead with victory in reversed-grid Donington race|url=https://formulascout.com/bansal-gains-clear-gb4-lead-with-victory-in-reversed-grid-donington-race/135080|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Whitfield|first=Steve|date=5 October 2025|title=Ary Bansal becomes GB4 champion as Juncos wins season finale|url=https://formulascout.com/ary-bansal-becomes-gb4-champion-as-juncos-wins-season-finale/135093|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=GB4 champion Bansal reflects on 'relief' of title win in year of learning|date=12 December 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/12/12/gb4-champion-bansal-reflects-on-relief-of-title-win-in-year-of-learning/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref>

Bansal also competed in the Challenge Cup of the [[2025 F4 British Championship|F4 British Championship]] with [[Fortec Motorsports]], where he competed from the fourth round onwards.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2025 Announcement: Ary Bansal joins Fortec Motorsports in Challenge Cup|url=https://fiaformula4.com/2025-announcement-ary-bansal-joins-fortec-motorsports-in-challenge-cup/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=[[F4 Britsh Championship]]|language=en}}</ref> He managed good points during the first rounds that he competed, before taking his first British F4 win during the reverse-grid race in [[Circuit Zandvoort|Zandvoort]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Waring|first=Bethonie|date=27 July 2025|title=Bansal wins in British F4's restarted reversed-grid Zandvoort race|url=https://formulascout.com/bansal-wins-in-british-f4s-restarted-reversed-grid-zandvoort-race/133356|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref> His momentum continued into the next three rounds, earning podiums in both [[Knockhill Racing Circuit|Knockhill]] and [[Silverstone Circuit|Silverstone]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Feeder Series weekend review, results and standings: 15–17 August|date=18 August 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/08/18/feeder-series-weekend-review-results-and-standings-15-17-august/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Feeder Series weekend review, results and standings: 19–21 September (Europe)|date=22 September 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/09/22/feeder-series-weekend-review-results-and-standings-19-21-september-europe/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref> Despite missing the final round in [[Brands Hatch]] due to a GB4 clash, he managed to win the Challenge Cup whilst placing eleventh in the main championship with 104 points.

Bansal also raced in the [[2025 E4 Championship|E4 Championship]] with [[US Racing]], he took one points finish in [[Circuit Paul Ricard|Paul Ricard]] and finished nineteenth overall with two points.<ref>{{Cite web|title=E4: 2025 season guide|date=17 July 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/07/17/e4-2025-season-guide/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref> He then made a cameo appearance in [[2025 Italian F4 Championship|Italian F4]] during the season finale in [[Misano World Circuit|Misano]], he scored no points and had a highest finish of fifteenth.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wood|first=Ida|date=10 October 2025|title=Sammalisto leads 44-car field in Italian F4 practice at Misano|url=https://formulascout.com/sammalisto-leads-44-car-field-in-italian-f4-practice-at-misano/135190|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref> Bansal also made appearances in two rounds of the [[2025 F4 Saudi Arabian Championship|F4 Saudi Arabian Championship]] with My-Car;<ref>{{Cite web|title=F4 Saudi Arabia: 2025 season guide|date=10 October 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/10/10/f4-saudi-arabia-2025-season-guide/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref> he scored a podium in [[Bahrain International Circuit|Bahrain]], before taking a win and a double pole in [[Jeddah Corniche Circuit|Jeddah]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wood|first=Ida|date=7 December 2025|title=Belofsky crowned Saudi Arabian F4 champion then shares wins in finale|url=https://formulascout.com/belofsky-crowned-saudi-arabian-f4-champion-then-shares-wins-in-finale/136606|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref>

In November, Bansal raced in the [[2025 FIA F4 World Cup|FIA F4 World Cup]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=FIA Formula 4 World Cup 2025: Macau Grand Prix guide|date=12 November 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/11/12/fia-formula-4-world-cup-2025-macau-grand-prix-guide/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref> he finished fifth during the main race.<ref>{{Cite web|title=F4 World Cup Sunday review: Roussel takes inaugural crown after Caretti crashes|date=16 November 2025|url=https://feederseries.net/2025/11/16/fia-f4-world-cup-sunday-review-roussel-takes-inaugural-crown-after-caretti-crashes/|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Feeder Series|language=en}}</ref>

==== 2026 ====
In 2026, Bansal returned with [[US Racing]] full-time to contest the full [[2026 Italian F4 Championship|Italian F4]] and [[2026 E4 Championship|E4]] championships.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wood|first=Ida|date=22 December 2025|title=US Racing signs GB4 and AU4 champions Bansal and Killion for 2026|url=https://formulascout.com/us-racing-signs-gb4-and-au4-champions-bansal-and-killion-for-2026/137087|access-date=23 December 2025|website=Formula Scout|language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Karting record ==

=== Karting career summary ===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center"
!Season
!Series
!Team
!Position
|-
! rowspan="5"| 2022
| align="left" | [[Champions of the Future]] — [[OK-J]]
| rowspan="4" align="left" | Forza Racing
| 73rd
|-
| align="left" | [[CIK-FIA European Championship]] — [[OK-J]]
| 76th
|-
| align="left" | [[WSK Euro Series]] — [[OK-J]]
| 52nd
|-
| align="left" | [[CIK-FIA World Championship]] — [[OK-J]]
| 85th
|-
| align="left" | [[Italian Karting Championship|Italian Championship]] — [[OK-J]]
| align="left" |
| 48th
|-
! rowspan="3" | 2023
| align="left" | [[Rotax Max Challenge|RMC Winter Cup]] — [[Rotax Max|Junior Max]]
| align="left" | Strawberry Racing
| 34th
|-
| align="left" | [[Rotax Max Challenge|Rotax Max Euro Trophy]] — [[Rotax Max|Junior Max]]
| align="left" |
| 48th
|-
| align="left" |IAME Asia Final — X30 Junior
| align="left" |
|style="background:#DFDFDF"| '''2nd'''
|-
! rowspan="3"| 2024
| align="left" | Kartmasters British Grand Prix — [[Rotax Max|Junior Max]]
| rowspan="2" align="left" | Strawberry Racing
| 31st
|-
| align="left" | British Championships — [[Rotax Max|Junior Max]]
| 19th
|-
| align="left" | [[Rotax Max Challenge|RMC Asia Festival]] — [[Rotax Max|Senior Max]]
| align="left" | Stratos
| 25th
|}

== Racing record ==
=== Racing career summary ===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center"
! Season
! Series
! Team
! Races
! Wins
! Poles
! F/Laps
! Podiums
! Points
! Position
|-
! rowspan="2" |2024
|align=left| [[2024 F4 Spanish Championship|F4 Spanish Championship]]
|align=left| [[Rodin Motorsport]]
| 3
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| NC†
|-
|align=left| [[2024 Formula Trophy UAE|Formula Trophy UAE]]
|align=left| Xcel Motorsport
| 7
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 14
| 14th
|-
! rowspan="6" |2025
|align=left| [[2025 GB4 Championship|GB4 Championship]]
|align=left| [[Elite Motorsport]]
| 21
| 4
| 2
| 4
| 11
| 402
! style="background:#FFFFBF"| 1st
|-
|align=left| [[2025 F4 British Championship|F4 British Championship]]
|align=left| [[Fortec Motorsport]]
| 18
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 4
| 104
| 11th
|-
|align=left| [[2025 E4 Championship|E4 Championship]]
| rowspan="2" align="left" | [[US Racing]]
| 9
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 2
| 19th
|-
| align="left" |[[2025 Italian F4 Championship|Italian F4 Championship]]
| 3
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 39th
|-
| align="left" |[[2025 F4 Saudi Arabian Championship|F4 Saudi Arabian Championship]]
| align="left" |[[Hitech Grand Prix|My-Car]]
| 4
| 1
| 2
| 1
| 3
| 73
| 6th
|-
| align="left" |[[2025 FIA F4 World Cup|FIA F4 World Cup]]
| align="left" |
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| {{N/A}}
| 5th
|-
! rowspan="3" | 2026
| align=left| [[2026 Formula Winter Series|Formula Winter Series]]
| align=left rowspan="3"| [[US Racing]]
| 15
| 2
| 0
| 2
| 3
| 148
! style="background:#FFDF9F"| 3rd
|-
| align=left| [[2026 Italian F4 Championship|Italian F4 Championship]]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0*
| *
|-
| align=left| [[2026 E4 Championship|E4 Championship]]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0*
| *
|-
! colspan="10" |Sources:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ary Bansal {{!}} Racing career profile {{!}} Driver Database|url=https://www.driverdb.com/drivers/aryaman-bansal|access-date=23 December 2025|website=DriverDB|language=en}}</ref>
|}

=== Complete F4 Spanish Championship results ===
([[:Template:Motorsport driver results legend|key]]) (Races in '''bold''' indicate pole position; races in ''italics'' indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
|-
! Year
! Team
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! 11
! 12
! 13
! 14
! 15
! 16
! 17
! 18
! 19
! 20
! 21
! DC
! Points
|-
| [[2024 F4 Spanish Championship|2024]]
! nowrap| [[Rodin Motorsport]]
| [[Circuito del Jarama|JAR 1]]
| [[Circuito del Jarama|JAR 2]]
| [[Circuito del Jarama|JAR 3]]
| [[Algarve International Circuit|POR 1]]
| [[Algarve International Circuit|POR 2]]
| [[Algarve International Circuit|POR 3]]
| [[Circuit Paul Ricard|LEC 1]]
| [[Circuit Paul Ricard|LEC 2]]
|.[[Circuit Paul Ricard|LEC 3]]
| [[MotorLand Aragón|ARA 1]]
| [[MotorLand Aragón|ARA 2]]
| [[MotorLand Aragón|ARA 3]]
| [[Circuit Ricardo Tormo|CRT 1]]
| [[Circuit Ricardo Tormo|CRT 2]]
| [[Circuit Ricardo Tormo|CRT 3]]
| [[Circuito de Jerez|JER 1]]
| [[Circuito de Jerez|JER 2]]
| [[Circuito de Jerez|JER 3]]
| style="background:#CFCFFF"| [[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya|CAT 1]] {{small|19}}
| style="background:#CFCFFF"| [[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya|CAT 2]] {{small|21}}
| style="background:#CFCFFF"| [[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya|CAT 3]] {{small|29}}
! NC†
! 0
|}

† As Bansal was a guest driver, he was ineligible for points.

=== Complete Formula Trophy UAE results ===
([[:Template:Motorsport driver results legend|key]]) (Races in '''bold''' indicate pole position; races in ''italics'' indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
!Year
!Team
!1
!2
!3
!4
!5
!6
!7
!DC
!Points
|-
| [[2024 Formula Trophy UAE|2024]]
!nowrap| Xcel Motorsport
| style="background:#CFCFFF;" |[[Dubai Autodrome|DUB 1]] {{small|14}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF;" |[[Dubai Autodrome|DUB 2]] {{small|10}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF;" |[[Dubai Autodrome|DUB 3]] {{small|5}}
| style="background:#CFCFFF;" |[[Yas Marina Circuit|YMC1 1]] {{small|12}}
| style="background:#CFCFFF;"|[[Yas Marina Circuit|YMC1 2]] {{small|12}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF;"|[[Yas Marina Circuit|YMC2 1]] {{small|9}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF;"|[[Yas Marina Circuit|YMC2 2]] {{small|10}}
! 14th
! 14
|}

=== Complete GB4 Championship results ===
([[Template:Motorsport driver results legend|key]]) (Races in '''bold''' indicate pole position) (Races in ''italics'' indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
! Year
! Entrant
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! 11
! 12
! 13
! 14
! 15
! 16
! 17
! 18
! 19
! 20
! 21
! 22
! DC
! Points
|-
| [[2025 GB4 Championship|2025]]
!nowrap| [[Elite Motorsport]]
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"|''[[Donington Park|DON 1]]'' {{small|21}}
|style="background:#FFFFBF;"|''[[Donington Park|DON 2]]'' {{small|1}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Donington Park|DON 3]] {{small|55}}
| style="background:#DFDFDF"|[[Silverstone Circuit|SIL1 1]] {{small|2}}
| style="background:#FFDF9F"|[[Silverstone Circuit|SIL1 2]] {{small|3}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Silverstone Circuit|SIL1 3]] {{small|45}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Oulton Park|OUL 1]] {{small|16}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Oulton Park|OUL 2]] {{small|8}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Oulton Park|OUL 3]] {{small|10}}
| style="background:#FFFFBF"|'''[[Snetterton Circuit|SNE 1]]''' {{small|1}}
| style="background:#FFFFBF"|'''[[Snetterton Circuit|SNE 2]]''' {{small|1}}
| style="background:#EFCFFF"|[[Snetterton Circuit|SNE 3]] {{small|Ret}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Silverstone Circuit|SIL2 1]] {{small|8}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Silverstone Circuit|SIL2 2]] {{small|8}}
| style="background:#FFDF9F"|''[[Silverstone Circuit|SIL2 3]]'' {{small|31}}
| style="background:#DFDFDF"|[[Brands Hatch|BRH 1]] {{small|2}}
| style="background:#DFDFDF"|[[Brands Hatch|BRH 2]] {{small|2}}
| style="background:#FFFFFF"|[[Brands Hatch|BRH 3]] {{small|C}}
| style="background:#DFDFDF"|''[[Donington Park|DON2 1]]'' {{small|2}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Donington Park|DON2 2]] {{small|9}}
| style="background:#FFFFBF"|[[Donington Park|DON2 3]] {{small|13}}
| style="background:#FFDF9F"|[[Donington Park|DON2 3]] {{small|37}}
! style="background:#FFFFBF"| 1st
! style="background:#FFFFBF"| 402
|}

=== Complete F4 British Championship results ===
([[:Template:Motorsport driver results legend|key]]) (Races in '''bold''' indicate pole position; races in ''italics'' indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
|-
! Year
! Team
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! 11
! 12
! 13
! 14
! 15
! 16
! 17
! 18
! 19
! 20
! 21
! 22
! 23
! 24
! 25
! 26
! 27
! 28
! 29
! 30
! 31
! 32
! DC
! Points
|-
| [[2025 F4 British Championship|2025]]
! nowrap| [[Fortec Motorsport]]
|style="background:#;"| [[Donington Park|DPN 1]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Donington Park|DPN 2]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Donington Park|DPN 3]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Silverstone Circuit|SILGP 1]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Silverstone Circuit|SILGP 2]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Silverstone Circuit|SILGP 3]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Snetterton Motor Racing Circuit|SNE 1]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Snetterton Motor Racing Circuit|SNE 2]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Snetterton Motor Racing Circuit|SNE 3]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| [[Thruxton Circuit|THR 1]] {{small|8}}
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| [[Thruxton Circuit|THR 2]] {{small|20}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| [[Thruxton Circuit|THR 3]] {{small|10}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| [[Oulton Park|OUL 1]] {{small|5}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| [[Oulton Park|OUL 2]] {{small|81}}
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| [[Oulton Park|OUL 3]] {{small|Ret}}
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| [[Silverstone Circuit|SILGP 1]] {{small|11}}
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| [[Silverstone Circuit|SILGP 2]] {{small|6}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| [[Circuit Zandvoort|ZAN 1]] {{small|8}}
|style="background:#FFFFBF;"| [[Circuit Zandvoort|ZAN 2]] {{small|1}}
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| [[Circuit Zandvoort|ZAN 3]] {{small|13}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| [[Knockhill Racing Circuit|KNO 1]] {{small|10}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| [[Knockhill Racing Circuit|KNO 2]] {{small|61}}
|style="background:#FFDF9F;"| [[Knockhill Racing Circuit|KNO 3]] {{small|3}}
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| [[Donington Park|DPGP 1]] {{small|20}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| [[Donington Park|DPGP 2]] {{small|71}}
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| [[Donington Park|DPGP 3]] {{small|11}}
|style="background:#FFDF9F;"| [[Silverstone Circuit|SILN 1]] {{small|3}}
|style="background:#FFDF9F;"| [[Silverstone Circuit|SILN 2]] {{small|37}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"| [[Silverstone Circuit|SILN 3]] {{small|4}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Brands Hatch|BHGP 1]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Brands Hatch|BHGP 2]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"| [[Brands Hatch|BHGP 3]] {{small|}}
! 11th
! 104
|}

=== Complete E4 Championship results ===
([[:Template:Motorsport driver results legend|key]]) (Races in '''bold''' indicate pole position; races in ''italics'' indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
|-
! Year
! Team
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! DC
! Points
|-
| [[2025 E4 Championship|2025]]
! nowrap| [[US Racing]]
|style="background:#efcfff;"|[[Circuit Paul Ricard|LEC 1]] {{small|Ret}}
|style="background:#cfcfff;"|[[Circuit Paul Ricard|LEC 2]] {{small|13}}
|style="background:#dfffdf;"|[[Circuit Paul Ricard|LEC 3]] {{small|9}}
|style="background:#cfcfff;"|[[Mugello Circuit|MUG 1]] {{small|15}}
|style="background:#cfcfff;"|[[Mugello Circuit|MUG 2]] {{small|19}}
|style="background:#cfcfff;"|[[Mugello Circuit|MUG 3]] {{small|15}}
|style="background:#efcfff;"|[[Monza Circuit|MNZ 1]] {{small|Ret}}
|style="background:#efcfff;"|''[[Monza Circuit|MNZ 2]]'' {{small|Ret}}
|style="background:#cfcfff;"|[[Monza Circuit|MNZ 3]] {{small|23}}
! 19th
! 2
|}

* Season still in progress.

=== Complete Italian F4 Championship results ===
([[:Template:Motorsport driver results legend|key]]) (Races in '''bold''' indicate pole position; races in ''italics'' indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
|-
! Year
! Team
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! 11
! 12
! 13
! 14
! 15
! 16
! 17
! 18
! 19
! 20
! 21
! 22
! 23
! 24
! 25
! DC
! Points
|-
| [[2025 Italian F4 Championship|2025]]
! nowrap| [[US Racing]]
|[[Misano World Circuit|MIS1 1]]
|[[Misano World Circuit|MIS1 2]]
|[[Misano World Circuit|MIS1 3]]
|[[Misano World Circuit|MIS1 4]]
|[[Vallelunga Circuit|VLL 1]]
|[[Vallelunga Circuit|VLL 2]]
|[[Vallelunga Circuit|VLL 3]]
|[[Vallelunga Circuit|VLL 4]]
|[[Monza Circuit|MNZ 1]]
|[[Monza Circuit|MNZ 2]]
|[[Monza Circuit|MNZ 3]]
|[[Mugello Circuit|MUG 1]]
|[[Mugello Circuit|MUG 2]]
|[[Mugello Circuit|MUG 3]]
|[[Imola Circuit|IMO 1]]
|[[Imola Circuit|IMO 2]]
|[[Imola Circuit|IMO 3]]
|[[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya|CAT 1]]
|[[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya|CAT 2]]
|[[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya|CAT 3]]
|[[Misano World Circuit|MIS2 1]]
| style="background:#CFCFFF;" |[[Misano World Circuit|MIS2 2]] {{small|15}}
| style="background:#CFCFFF;" |[[Misano World Circuit|MIS2 3]] {{small|27}}
| style="background:#CFCFFF;" |[[Misano World Circuit|MIS2 4]] {{small|18}}
|[[Misano World Circuit|MIS2 5]]
! 39th
! 0
|}
{{asterisk}} Season still in progress.

=== Complete F4 Saudi Arabian Championship results ===
([[Template:Motorsport driver results legend|key]]) (Races in '''bold''' indicate pole position) (Races in ''italics'' indicate fastest lap)
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%;"
! Year
! Team
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! DC
! Points
|-
| [[2025 F4 Saudi Arabian Championship|2025]]
! nowrap| [[Hitech Grand Prix|My-Car]]
|style="background:#;"|[[Bahrain International Circuit|BHR1 1]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"|[[Bahrain International Circuit|BHR1 2]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#DFFFDF;"|[[Bahrain International Circuit|BHR2 1]] {{small|4}}
|style="background:#DFDFDF;"|''[[Bahrain International Circuit|BHR2 2]]'' {{small|2}}
|style="background:#;"|[[Jeddah Corniche Circuit|JED1 1]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"|[[Jeddah Corniche Circuit|JED1 2]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"|[[Jeddah Corniche Circuit|JED2 1]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#;"|[[Jeddah Corniche Circuit|JED2 2]] {{small|}}
|style="background:#DFDFDF;"|'''[[Jeddah Corniche Circuit|JED3 1]]''' {{small|2}}
|style="background:#FFFFBF;"|'''[[Jeddah Corniche Circuit|JED3 2]]''' {{small|1}}
! 6th
! 73
|}

=== Complete FIA F4 World Cup results ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"
! Year
! Car
! Qualifying
! Quali Race
! Main Race
|-
! [[2025 FIA F4 World Cup|2025]]
| align="left" | [[Mygale M21-F4]]
| 9th
| 4th
| 5th
|}

=== Complete Formula Winter Series results ===
([[:Template:Motorsport driver results legend|key]]) (Races in '''bold''' indicate pole position; races in ''italics'' indicate fastest lap)
<div style="overflow-x:auto;">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
!Year
!Entrant
!1
!2
!3
!4
!5
!6
!7
!8
!9
!10
!11
!12
!13
!14
!15
!{{abbr|Pos|Position}}
!Points
|-
|[[2026 Formula Winter Series|2026]]
!nowrap|[[US Racing]]
| style="background:#CFCFFF"|[[Circuito do Estoril|EST 1]] {{small|28}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Circuito do Estoril|EST 2]] {{small|5}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Circuito do Estoril|EST 3]] {{small|4}}
| style="background:#FFFFBF"|''[[Algarve International Circuit|POR 1]]'' {{small|1}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Algarve International Circuit|POR 2]] {{small|5}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Algarve International Circuit|POR 3]] {{small|6}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Circuit Ricardo Tormo|CRT 1]] {{small|5}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Circuit Ricardo Tormo|CRT 2]] {{small|5}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Circuit Ricardo Tormo|CRT 3]] {{small|6}}
| style="background:#FFFFBF"|''[[MotorLand Aragón|ARA 1]]'' {{small|1}}
| style="background:#CFCFFF"|[[MotorLand Aragón|ARA 2]] {{small|11}}
| style="background:#EFCFFF"|[[MotorLand Aragón|ARA 3]] {{small|Ret}}
| style="background:#DFFFDF"|[[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya|CAT 1]] {{small|5}}
| style="background:#EFCFFF"|[[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya|CAT 2]] {{small|Ret}}
| style="background:#DFDFDF"|[[Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya|CAT 3]] {{small|2}}
! style="background:#FFDF9F"| 3rd
! style="background:#FFDF9F"| 148
|}
</div>
{{asterisk}} Season still in progress.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://arybansal.com/}}
* {{DriverDB|ary-bansal}}
* [https://youtube.com/@ary.bansal?si=bCJzfB-T31q87-V2 Ary Bansal] on [[YouTube]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bansal, Ary}}
[[Category:Indian racing drivers]]
[[Category:2009 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Chandigarh]]
[[Category:Karting World Championship drivers]]
[[Category:Spanish F4 Championship drivers]]
[[Category:GB4 Championship drivers]]
[[Category:British F4 Championship drivers]]
[[Category:Italian F4 Championship drivers]]
[[Category:Saudi Arabian F4 Championship drivers]]
[[Category:Rodin Motorsport drivers]]
[[Category:Elite Motorsport drivers]]
[[Category:Fortec Motorsport drivers]]
[[Category:US Racing drivers]]
[[Category:Hitech Grand Prix drivers]]
[[Category:Formula Winter Series drivers]]
[[Category:Euro 4 Championship drivers]]

Khandwa Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T02:12:59Z

KristineCharlton: Adding the pg nd citations...

{{Short description|Constituency of the Madhya Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Khandwa
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 177
| map_image = 177-Khandwa.svg
| state = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| district = [[Khandwa district|Khandwa]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Khandwa (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khandwa]]
| established = 1951
| reservation = SC
| mla = [[Kanchan Mukesh Tanve]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| preceded_by = [[Devendra Verma]]
}}
'''Khandwa''' is one of the 230 constituencies in the [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]] a central state of [[India]]. It is also part of [[Khandwa (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khandwa]] Lok Sabha constituency<ref>[http://www.elections.in/madhya-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/pipariya.html Elections In]</ref> and is a reserved seat for the [[Scheduled castes]] (SC).

The main battle is expected to be between the two time incumbent MLA Shri. [[Devendra Verma]] of BJP and Shri. Kundan Malviya of the Indian National Congress. The BJP has been winning since 1990.<ref name="ceo">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|publisher=The Election Commission of India|pages=227, 250}}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Election
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1952 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1952]]
|[[Bhagwantrao Mandloi]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=4}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[1957 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1957]]<ref name="General Elections of MP 1957">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_MP_1957.pdf|title=General Elections of MP 1957|publisher=Election Commission Of India|year=2004}}</ref>
|[[Deokaran Balchand]]
|-
|[[Bhagwantrao Mandloi]]
|-
|[[1962 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
|[[Bhagwantrao Mandloi]]
|-
|[[1967 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|Krishnarao
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Jan Sangh}}
|-
|[[1972 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|Gangacharan Mishra
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1977 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|Govind Prasad Gite
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
|[[1980 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
|Gangacharan Mishra
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (Indira)|dab=y}}
|-
|[[1985 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
|Nanda Mandloi
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1990 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
|Hukum Chand Yadav
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=8}}
|-
|[[1993 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1993]]
|Puranmal Sharma
|-
|[[1998 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1998]]
| rowspan="2" |Hukum Chand Yadav
|-
|[[2003 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2003]]
|-
|[[2008 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2008]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Devendra Verma]]
|-
|[[2013 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2013]]
|-
|[[2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2018]]
|-
| [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]]<ref name="Khandwa Constituency Election Results 2023">{{cite news |date=3 December 2023 |title=Khandwa Constituency Election Results 2023 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/madhya-pradesh/constituency-show/khandwa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250304065511/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/madhya-pradesh/constituency-show/khandwa |archivedate=4 March 2025 |accessdate=4 March 2025 |publisher=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Madya Pradesh Assembly Election Results 2023 - Khandwa">{{cite news |date=3 December 2023 |title=Madya Pradesh Assembly Election Results 2023 - Khandwa |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenDecNew2023/candidateswise-S12177.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250304065617/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenDecNew2023/candidateswise-S12177.htm |archivedate=4 March 2025 |accessdate=4 March 2025 |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
| [[Kanchan Mukesh Tanve]]
|}

==Election results==
=== 2023 ===
{{Election box begin
|title = [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Khandwa<ref name="Khandwa Constituency Election Results 2023"/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Kanchan Mukesh Tanve]]
|votes = {{formatnum:109067}}
|percentage = 59.19
|change = +13.71
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Kundan Malviya
|votes = {{formatnum:71018}}
|percentage = 38.54
|change = +4.34
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1876}}
|percentage = 1.02
|change = -0.5
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:38049}}
|percentage = 20.65
|change = +9.37
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:184275}}
|percentage = 67.67
|change = -1.1
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2018 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Khandwa<ref name="election2018">{{cite web |title=Madhya Pradesh General Legislative Election 2018 Statistical Report|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9685-madhya-pradesh-legislative-election-2018-statistical-report/ |website=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref> }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = Devendra Verma
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = {{formatnum:77123}}
|percentage = 45.48
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Kundan Malviya
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:57986}}
|percentage = 34.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Kaushal Mehra
|votes = {{formatnum:26492}}
|percentage = 15.62
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Bhaiyya Rajkumar Kaithvas
|votes = {{formatnum:2207}}
|percentage = 1.3
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:2581}}
|percentage = 1.52
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:19137}}
|percentage = 11.28
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:169558}}
|percentage = 68.77
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2013===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2013 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Khandwa}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|
|candidate = Devendra Verma
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = 89,074
|percentage = 58.92
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|
|candidate = Mohan Dhakase
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 55,003
|percentage = 36.39
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|
|candidate = [[None of the above|None of the Above]]
|party = None of the above
|votes = 4,314
|percentage = 2.85
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|
|candidate = Dinesh Rathore
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 2,778
|percentage = 1.84
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|
|votes = 34,071
|percentage = 23.20
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|
|votes = 1,51,635
|percentage = 66.27
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Khandwa]]
* [[List of constituencies of Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Khandwa]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|21.82|N|76.35|E|display=title}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Khandwa]]
[[Category:Khandwa district]]
[[Category:Politics of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]

Dilip Mohite

2026-04-09T13:48:22Z

KristineCharlton:

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Short description|Indian politician (born 1959)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Dilip Dattatray Mohite Patil
| native_name = दिलीप दत्तात्रय मोहिते
| image =
| office = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start =(2004-2009), (2009-2014), (2019
| term_end = 2024)
| predecessor = [[Suresh_Gore|Suresh Namdeo Gore]]
| successor = [[Babaji_Kale|Babaji Ramchandra Kale]]
| office1 =
| prime_minister1 =
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| occupation = Politician
| children =
| party = [[Nationalist Congress Party (Ajit Pawar)]]
| constituency1 = [[Khed Alandi Assembly constituency]]
| profession = Developer
| spouse = Surekhatai Mohite
| sibling =
| website =
| parents = Dattatray Chimajirao Mohite Patil
| alma_mater = Shri Shivaji High School, Shel Pimpalgaon
}}

'''Dilip Dattatray Mohite Patil''' (born 1959) is an Indian Politician from Maharashtra. He was a member of the 14th [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]] from [[Khed Alandi Assembly constituency]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Khed Alandi Election Results 2019 Live Updates (खेड आळंदी): Dilip Dattatray Mohite of NCP Wins|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/khed-alandi-election-results-2019-live-updates-winner-loser-leading-trailing-2359299.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121171707/http://web.archive.org/screenshot/https://www.news18.com/amp/news/politics/khed-alandi-election-results-2019-live-updates-winner-loser-leading-trailing-2359299.html |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=21 November 2022 |website= [[News18 India]] |language=English
}}</ref> representing [[Nationalist Congress Party]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2022 |title=DILIP DATTATRAY MOHITE(NCP):Constituency- KHED ALANDI(PUNE) Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/maharashtra2019/expense.php?candidate_id=7732 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121172128/http://web.archive.org/screenshot/https://myneta.info/maharashtra2019/expense.php?candidate_id=7732 |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=21 November 2022 |website=[[Association for Democratic Reforms|myneta.info]] |language=English}}</ref> in the [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2019 Assembly election]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-23 |title=Khed alandi (Maharashtra) Assembly Election Results 2019 Live: Winner, Runner-up |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/khed-alandi-maharashtra-assembly-election-chunav-results-2019-live-winner-name-runner-up-6074220/ |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Mohite is from Khed Alandi, Pune district, Maharashtra. He is the son of Dattatray Chimajirao Mohite. He did his schooling at Shri Shivaji Vidhyamandir Shel Pimpalgaon and passed Class 10 in 1977.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Mohite became an MLA for the first time winning the [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Khed Alandi Assembly constituency]] representing Nationalist Congress Party and retained it winning the [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-24 |title=Khed Alandi Election Results 2019 Live Updates (खेड आळंदी): Dilip Dattatray Mohite of NCP Wins |url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/khed-alandi-election-results-2019-live-updates-winner-loser-leading-trailing-2359299.html |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> However, he lost the 2014 Assembly election to [[Suresh Gore]] of Shiva Sena but regained it winning the [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]]. In 2019, he defeated his bitter rival, Gore, by a margin of 33,242 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2019 |title=राज्यातील विजयी उमेदवारांची यादी येथे पाहा |url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/maharashtra/mumbai-news/vidhan-sabha-nivadnuk-list-of-winning-candidates-in-the-state/articleshow/71749478.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026162142/https://maharashtratimes.com/maharashtra/mumbai-news/vidhan-sabha-nivadnuk-list-of-winning-candidates-in-the-state/amp_articleshow/71749478.cms |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=[[Maharashtra Times]] |language=Marathi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2019 |title=Maharashtra Election 2019 Winners Full List: Check full list of winning candidates in Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha Chunav 2019 |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/maharashtra-assembly-election-2019-winners-full-list/1744244/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026205732/https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/maharashtra-assembly-election-2019-winners-full-list/1744244/ |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=26 October 2022 |website=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]] |language=English}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mohite, Dilip}}
[[Category:1959 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:Nationalist Congress Party politicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Politicians from Pune]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2004–2009]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2009–2014]]

{{Maharashtra-NCP-politician-stub}}

Nageshwar Jyotirlinga

2026-04-08T22:34:08Z

KristineCharlton: New - done

{{short description|Hindu temple in Gujarat, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Nageshwar Temple
| image = Nageshwar.JPG
| alt =
| caption = Nageshwar Jyotirling Dwarka Gujarat
| map_type = India Gujarat
| map_caption = NageshwarJyotirlinga location in India
| coordinates = {{coord|22.3359|69.0869|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| native_name = Nageshwar Jyotirlinga
| country = [[India]]
| state = Gujarat
| district = Devbhumi Dwarka
| location = Dwarka
| website = www.nageshwarjyotirling.com
| deity = [[Shiva]]
| primary_deity_Godess =
| utsava_deity_God =
| festivals= [[Maha Shivaratri]]
| architecture =
| temple_quantity = 8668856667
| monument_quantity=
| inscriptions =
| year_completed =
| creator =
}}
[[File:Nageshwar Front.JPG|thumb|250px|right|Nageshwar Jyotirling]]
[[File:Jageshwar main.JPG|right|thumb|250px|The temples at Jageshwar, in the background of Darukavana, the holy Deodar forest.]]

'''Nageshwar Temple''' is a [[Hindu temple]] dedicated to the [[Hindu]] god [[Shiva]] located on [[Dwarka]], [[Gujarat]], India. It is one of the legendary temples mentioned in the [[Shiva Purana]] and one of the twelve [[Jyotirlinga]]s.

==Jyotirlinga==
According to [[Shiva Purana|the Shiv Mahapuraan]], [[Brahma]] (the Creator) and [[Vishnu]] (the Preserver) once had a disagreement about which of them were supreme.{{sfn|Venugopalam|2003|pp=92-95}} To test them, [[Shiva]] pierced the three worlds as an immeasurable pillar of light, the [[Jyotirlinga]]. [[Vishnu]] and [[Brahma]] parted company to determine the extent of each end of the pillar. [[Brahma]], who had set off upward, lied that he had discovered the upper end of the pillar, but [[Vishnu]], who had gone in the direction of the base of the pillar, admitted that he had not. [[Shiva]] then appeared as a second [[Jyotirlinga]] and cursed [[Brahma]], telling him that he would have no place in the ceremonies. The [[Jyotirlinga]] is the supreme indivisible reality from which [[Shiva]] appears. Jyothirlinga shrines commemorate this time when [[Shiva]] appeared.{{sfn|Eck|1999|p=107}}{{sfn|Gwynne|2009|loc= Char Dham}} It was believed that there were originally sixty-four jyotirlingas. Twelve are considered to be especially auspicious and holy.{{sfn|Venugopalam|2003|pp=92-95}} Each of the twelve sites takes the name of the presiding deity and each is considered a separate manifestation of [[Shiva]].{{sfn|Lochtefeld|2002|pp=324-325}} At all these sites, the primary deity is a [[lingam]] representing the beginning less and endless ''[[Stambha]]'' pillar, symbolizing the Shiva's infinite nature.{{sfn|Lochtefeld|2002|pp=324-325}}{{sfn|Harding|1998|pp=158-158}}<ref name="paris_congress">Vivekananda Vol. 4</ref> The twelve jyothirlinga are [[Somnath Temple|Somnath]] at [[Veraval]] in [[Gujarat]], [[Mallikarjuna Temple, Srisailam|Mallikarjuna]] at [[Srisailam]] in [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga|Mahakaleswar]] at [[Ujjain]] in [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Omkareshwar]] in [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Kedarnath Temple|Kedarnath]] in [[Uttarakhand ]], [[Bhimashankar Temple|Bhimashankar]] in [[Maharashtra]], [[Kasi Viswanath Temple|Viswanath]] at [[Varanasi]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Trimbakeshwar Shiva Temple|Triambakeshwar]] in [[Maharashtra]], [[Vaidyanath Jyotirlinga, Deoghar|Vaidyanath]] at [[Deoghar]] in [[Jharkhand]], [[Nageshvara]] in [[Gujarat]], [[Ramanathaswamy Temple|Rameshwar]] at [[Rameswaram]] in [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Grishneshwar]] at [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]] in [[Maharashtra]].{{sfn|Venugopalam|2003|pp=92-95}}{{sfn|Chaturvedi|2006|pp=58-72}}

Nageshvara Jyotirlinga is situated in the Daarukavanam forest in Gujarat.
<ref>{{cite web |title=Nageshwar Jyotirling |url=https://devbhumidwarka.nic.in/tourist-place/nageshwar-temple/ |website=devbhumidwarka.nic.in |publisher=National Informatics Centre |access-date=25 September 2021}}</ref>

==Legend==
The [[Shiva Purana]] says Nageshvara [[Jyotirlinga]] is in 'the Darukavana', which is an ancient name of a forest in India. 'Darukavana' finds mention in Indian epics, such as ''Kamyakavana'', ''Dvaitavana'', ''Dandakavana''.

A narrative in the [[Shiva Purana]] about the Nageshvara Jyotirlinga tells of a demon named Daruk, who attacked a Shiva devotee named Supriya and imprisoned him along with many others in his city of Darukavana, a city under the sea inhabited by sea snakes and demons. At the urgent exhortations of Supriya, the prisoners started to chant the holy mantra of Shiva and immediately thereafter Lord Shiva appeared and the demon was vanquished,<ref name="dharmakshetra.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.dharmakshetra.com/literature/puranas/shiva.html|title=Dharmakshetra.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031125094642/http://dharmakshetra.com/literature/puranas/shiva.html|archive-date=2003-11-25|access-date=2020-04-28}}</ref> later residing there in the form of a Jyotirlinga. The demon had a wife, a demoness named [[Daruka]] who worshipped Mata Parvati. As a result of her penance and devotion, Mata Parvati enabled her to master the forest where she performed her devotions, and renamed the forest 'Darukavana' in her honour. Wherever Daruka went the forest followed her. In order to save the demons of Darukavana from the punishment of the gods, Daruk summoned up the power Parvati had given her. She then moved the entire forest into the sea where they continued their campaign against the hermits, kidnapping people and keeping them confined in their new lair under the sea, which was how that great Shiva devotee, Supriya, had wound up there.<ref name="dharmakshetra.com"/>

The arrival of Supriya caused a revolution. He set up a lingam and made the prisoners recite the mantra ''Om Namaha Shivay'' in honour of Shiva while he prayed to the lingam. The demons' response to the chanting was to attempt to kill Supriya, though they were thwarted when Shiva appeared and handed him a divine weapon that saved his life. Daruka and the demons were defeated and Parvati saved the remaining demons. The lingam that Supriya had set up was called Nagesha; it is the tenth lingam.<ref name="dharmakshetra.com"/> Shiva once again assumed the form of a Jyotirlinga with the name Nageshwar, while the Goddess Parvati was known as Nageshwari. Lord Shiva then announced that he would show the correct path to those who would worship him.

==Location controversy==
Shiva Mahapurana indicates that the location was on Western (Arabian) Sea. In Kotirudra Samhita, Chapter 29, the following shloka says
<blockquote> पश्चिमे सागरे तस्य वनं सर्वसमृद्धिमत् । 
योजनानां षोडशभिर्विस्तृतं सर्वतो दिशम् ॥ ४ ॥ </blockquote>
The actual location of the legendary forest of Darukavana is still debated. No other important clues indicate the location of the Jyotirlinga. 'Darukavana' on the Western Sea remains the only clue.

The name Darukavana, named after Queen Daruka, is possibly derived from ''daruvana'' (forest of [[Cedrus deodara|deodar]] trees, or simply, forest of wood), is thought to exist in Almora. Deodar (''daru vriksha'') is found abundantly only in the western Himalayas, not in peninsular India. Deodar trees have been associated with Lord Shiva in ancient Hindu texts. Hindu sages used to reside and perform meditation in deodar forests to please Lord Shiva. Also, according to the ancient treatise ''Prasadmandanam'',
<blockquote>"हिमाद्रेरूत्तरे पार्श्वे देवदारूवनं परम् पावनं शंकरस्थानं तत्र् सर्वे शिवार्चिताः।"</blockquote> Because of this the 'Jageswara' temple in Almora, Uttarakhand is commonly identified as Nageshvara Jyotirlinga.

The written name of Darukavana could be misread as 'Dwarakavana' which would point to the Nageswara temple at Dwaraka. However, no forest is in this part of Dwaraka that finds mention in any of the Indian epics. The narratives of Shri Krishna, mention Somanatha and the adjoining Prabhasa tirtha, but not Nageswara or Darukavana in Dwaraka.

Darukavana might exist next to the Vindhya Mountains. It is south-southwest of the Vindhyas extending to the sea in the west. In the ''Dvadasha Jyotirlinga Stotra'' (6),<ref>[http://sanskritdocuments.org/all_pdf/dvAdashaJyotistotra.pdf Dvadasha Jyotirlinga Stotra]</ref> [[Shankaracharya]] praised this Jyotirlinga as ''Naganath'':
<blockquote>"''Yamye sadange nagaretiramye vibhushitangam vividhaishcha bhogai Sadbhaktimuktipradamishamekam shrinaganatham sharanam prapadye''"</blockquote>
This could be taken to mean that it is located in the south ['yamye'] at the town of 'Sadanga', which was the ancient name of Aundh in Maharashtra, south of the Jageswara shrine in Uttarakhand and west of Dwaraka Nageshvara.

==Connectivity==
Nearest Airport: [[Jamnagar Airport|Jamnagar]]

Nearest Railway Station: [[Dwarka railway station|Dwarka]] and [[Okha railway station|Okha]]

==See also==
* [[Dwarka]]
* [[Dwarkadheesh temple, Gujrat|Dwarkadhish Temple]]
* [[Somnath temple|Somnath Temple]]
* [[Jageshwar]]
* [[Aundha Nagnath Temple]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin|2}}
*{{Citation
| last=Chaturvedi
| first=B. K.
| year=2006
| title=Shiv Purana
| place=New Delhi
| publisher= Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd
| edition=First
| isbn=81-7182-721-7
| url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=bchgql0em9YC|page=58}} |page=58}}
*{{Citation
| last=Eck
| first=Diana L.
| year=1999
| title=Banaras, city of light
| place=New York
| publisher= Columbia University Press
| edition=First
| isbn=0-231-11447-8
| url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=J57C4d8Bv6UC|page=107}}|page=107}}
*{{Citation |last=Gwynne|first=Paul |title=World Religions in Practice: A Comparative Introduction|year=2009|publisher=Blackwell Publication |location=Oxford |isbn=978-1-4051-6702-4|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=tdsRKc_knZoC|page=271}}|page=271}}
*{{cite book|first=Elizabeth U. |last=Harding|title=Kali: The Black Goddess of Dakshineswar|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=4woiJbQTsBQC}}|date=1 January 1998|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-1450-9}}
*{{Citation |last = Lochtefeld | first = James G. | title = The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M | year = 2002 | publisher=Rosen Publishing Group | isbn=0-8239-3179-X | page=122 | url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=5kl0DYIjUPgC |page=122}}}}
*{{Citation
| first=R.
| last=Venugopalam
| year=2003
| title=Meditation: Any Time Any Where
| place=Delhi
| publisher= B. Jain Publishers (P) Ltd.
| edition=First
| isbn=81-8056-373-1
| url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=ZtnNw_hiA9oC&|page=113}}|page=133}}
*{{cite book
| last = Vivekananda
| ref = Vivekananda
| first = Swami
| title = The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda
| chapter = The Paris Congress of the History of Religions
| chapter-url = http://www.ramakrishnavivekananda.info/vivekananda/volume_4/translation_prose/the_paris_congress.htm
| volume = 4
}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.indian-gk.in/nageshvara-jyotirlinga/ Nageshvara Jyotirlinga] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204103054/http://www.indian-gk.in/nageshvara-jyotirlinga/ |date=4 February 2017 }}, Indian GK
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=J0MpAQAAMAAJ&q=Pindara+Gujarat Nageswar Archeology]
* [https://templeknowledge.com/about-nageshwar-jyotirling-temple/ Nageswar Jyotirlinga Temple(Complete info)]

{{Shaivism}}
{{Shiva temples}}
{{Hindu holy cities}}

[[Category:Jyotirlingas]]
[[Category:Shiva temples in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Devbhoomi Dwarka district]]
[[Category:Hindu pilgrimages]]
[[Category:Hindu pilgrimage sites]]
[[Category:Hindu pilgrimage sites in India]]
[[Category:Religious tourism]]
[[Category:Religious tourism in India]]
[[Category:Shaivism]]

Youth (2005 film)

2026-04-07T02:12:00Z

KristineCharlton: New a stub.

{{short description|Indian Telugu-language romantic drama film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Youth
| image = Youth (2005 film).jpg
| alt =
| caption = Title card
| native_name = 
| director = J. Jitendra
| writer = J. Jitendra
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on = 
| producer = Gogikar Bajarang Jayadev
| starring = {{plainlist|
*[[Vikram (actor)|Vikram]]
*Sri Harsha
*[[Lakshmi Sharma|Lahari]]
*Sishwa
}}
| narrator =
| cinematography = Ramana Salwa
| editing = Menaga
| music = Ramana Ogeti
| studio = Sri Siva Kesava (SSK) Films
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|2005|3|4|df=yes|ref1=<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiancine.ma/BGSV/info|title=Youth (2005)|website=Indiancine.ma|date=2005|access-date=13 April 2025}}</ref>}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Youth''''' is a 2005 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[romantic drama film]] directed by J. Jitendra and starring [[Vikram (actor)|Vikram]], Sri Harsha, [[Lakshmi Sharma|Lahari]], and Sishwa.

==Plot==
The film follows the lives of college students Babu, Ganesh and his friends. The film also follows Ganesh as he falls in love with Sathya and Babu with another woman.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Vikram (actor)|Vikram]] as Babu
*Sri Harsha as Ganesh
*[[Lakshmi Sharma|Lahari]] as Sathya
*Sishwa as Babu's girlfriend
*[[Nutan Prasad]] as Babu's father
*[[Babu Mohan]] as Velu's father (college lecturer)
*[[Tanikella Bharani]] as priest
*[[M. S. Narayana]]
*[[Sivaji Raja]] as Velu
*[[Surya (Telugu actor)|Surya]]
*[[Sri Lakshmi (actress)|Sri Lakshmi]] as Velu's mother
*[[Y. Vijaya]]
*[[Jayalalita]] as Newly joined lecturer
*[[Ramya Sri]] as an item number in "Pori Choodaro"
*[[Siva Reddy]] as Arjun (uncredited)
*[[Vijay Sai]] as Babu's friend (uncredited)
}}

== Production ==
According to producer Gogikar Bajarang Jayadev, the film "has a neat and simple story line that if the family prospers, the nation as a whole will prosper".<ref name="H">{{Cite news |last=Narasimham |first=M. L. |date=4 March 2005 |title=Still the regular guy |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/fr/2005/03/04/stories/2005030401210200.htm |url-status=dead |access-date=29 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201092252/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/fr/2005/03/04/stories/2005030401210200.htm |archive-date=1 February 2015}}</ref> Despite having a busy schedule after becoming a popular actor, [[Vikram (actor)|Vikram]] still allotted dates for the film to help complete it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ntvtelugu.com/movie-news/hero-vikram-birthday-special-156327.html|title=HBD Vikram : విలక్షణమే విక్రమ్ ఆయుధం!|date=17 April 2022|website=[[NTV (India)|NTV Telugu]]|first=Subbarao|last=N|language=te|access-date=29 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ntvtelugu.com/movie-news/vikram-birthday-special-story-352774.html|title=Vikram: వైవిధ్యంతోనే విక్రమ్ పయనం!|first=Prasanna|last=Pradeep|date=17 April 2023|website=NTV Telugu|language=te|access-date=29 March 2025}}</ref><ref name="H"/>

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Youth
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = Ramana Ogeti
| released = 2005
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length =
| language = Telugu
| label =
| producer =
| chronology = Ramana Ogeti
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
| misc = {{external music video| header = Video Jukebox
|{{YouTube|Or8qfddMn-8|Youth – Jukebox}}}}
}}
The soundtrack was composed by Ramana Ogeti.
{{track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Teenage
| length1 =
| lyrics1 =
| extra1 =
| title2 = Pori Choodaro
| length2 =
| lyrics2 =
| extra2 =
| title3 = Ekkindammo Kikku
| length3 =
| lyrics3 =
| extra3 =
| title4 = Koti Centarlo
| length4 =
| lyrics4 =
| extra4 =
| title5 = Ee Vasantha Velalo
| length5 =
| lyrics5 =
| extra5 =
| total_length =
}}

== Release ==
The delay of the film meant that it was released after Jitendra passed away and was released in between a slew of Vikram's successful films.<ref name="H"/> The film was dedicated in the director's honor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CUkH6BBC1n4|title=Youth Telugu Full Movie HD {{!}} Vikram {{!}} Sri Harsha {{!}} Lahari {{!}} MS Narayana {{!}} Indian Films|work=Mango Indian Films|date=25 November 2015|via=[[YouTube]]|access-date=13 April 2025}}</ref> The film's low-key nature meant that its release went unnoticed at the box office.<ref name="H"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|8880866}}

[[Category:2005 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]

Kondapalli toys

2026-03-30T10:18:59Z

KristineCharlton:

{{Short description|Wooden toys in Andhra Pradesh, India}}
{{other uses|Kondapalli (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox geographical indication
| name = Kondapalli toys
| color =
| logo =
| image = Kondapalli toys at a house in Vijayawada.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Kondapalli toys at a house in Vijayawada
| alternative names = Kondapalli Bommalu
| description = Toys crafted out of [[Softwood]] namely, Tella Poniki
| type = [[Handicraft]]
| area = [[Kondapalli]], [[Vijayawada]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| country = [[India]]
| registered = 
| material = [[Wood]]
| official website =
}}
'''Kondapalli toys''' are toys made of wood in [[Kondapalli]] of [[Krishna district]], [[Vijayawada]] in the [[States and union territories of India|Indian state]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name=toys>{{cite news|last1=Guhan|first1=V|title=Creative Kondapally|url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/yw/2003/06/21/stories/2003062100470300.htm|accessdate=27 January 2016|date=21 June 2003|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127053030/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/yw/2003/06/21/stories/2003062100470300.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archivedate=27 January 2016}}</ref> ''Bommala Colony'' translates to ''Toys Colony'' in Kondapalli is the place where the art of crafting takes place.<ref name=art_status>{{cite news|title=Toying with heritage: No heir to Kondapalli's amazing art – Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Toying-with-heritage-No-heir-to-Kondapallis-amazing-art/articleshow/47336094.cms|accessdate=27 January 2016|work=The Times of India|date=19 May 2015|location=Kondapalli (Krishna)}}</ref> It was registered as one of the [[geographical indication]] [[handicraft]] from Andhra Pradesh as per ''Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999''.<ref name="GI">{{cite web |title=Registration Details of Geographical Indications |url=http://www.ipindia.nic.in/writereaddata/Portal/Images/pdf/Registered_GI_01_04_19.pdf |website=Intellectual Property India, Government of India |accessdate=14 May 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Geographical Indication|url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Hans/2016-01-23/Geographical-Indication/201919|accessdate=27 January 2016|work=The Hans India|date=23 January 2016}}</ref>
This GI application was filed by LIGHT (LANCO Institute of General Humanitarian Trust) and Kondapalli Wooden Toys Manufacturers<ref name="GI application details of Kondapalli Bommallu">{{cite web |title=application details of Kondapalli Bommallu GI |url=https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/44 |website=Intellectual Property India, Government of India |accessdate=4 March 2022 |format=PDF}}</ref>.These toys were one of the varieties of toys assembled in the houses during the festivals of [[Makar Sankranti|Sankranti]] and [[Navratri]] and is referred as [[Golu (festive)|Bommala Koluvu]].<ref>{{cite news|title=News Archives|url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/12/stories/2011011261670200.htm|accessdate=27 January 2016|date=12 January 2011|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626104254/http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/12/stories/2011011261670200.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archivedate=26 June 2014}}</ref>

== History ==
The art of crafting is a 400-year-old tradition. The [[artisans]] who make the toys are referred as ''Aryakhastriyas'' (also known as Nakarshalu), who have their mention in the ''[[Brahmanda Purana]]''. They are said to have migrated from [[Rajasthan]] in the 16th century to Kondappali and claims their origin to Muktharishi, a sage endowed with skills in arts and crafts by [[Lord Shiva]].
[[File:Wood craft models on display at Shilparamam in Hyderabad.jpg|thumb|Wood craft models on display at Shilparamam in Hyderabad]]

== Toy crafting ==

The Kondapalli toys are made from [[soft wood]] known as ''Tella Poniki'' which are found in nearby Kondapalli Hills. Each part is carved out separately. Then makku- a paste of tamarind seed powder & sawdust is used to join pieces together, add details and finish the toys. The later step involves coloring with either oil and [[water-colour]]s or [[vegetable dye]]s and [[enamel paint]]s are applied based on the type of the toys.<ref name=toys /><ref name=preservation>{{cite news|last1=Chandaraju|first1=Aruna|title=Playing safe with local craft|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/64394/playing-safe-local-craft.html|accessdate=27 January 2016|work=Deccan Herald|date=27 January 2016}}</ref> The [[artisans]] mainly work on producing figures of mythology, animals, birds, bullock carts, rural life etc., and the most notable one is ''[[Dasavataram]]'', etc.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Banu|first1=Saira|title=Wooden Painted Toys|url=https://lepakshihandicrafts.gov.in/kondapalli-toys.html|accessdate=27 January 2016|work=lepakshi handicrafts|date=6 September 2009|language=en-IN}}</ref>

[[File:AP Float 2025.jpg|thumb|AP's float in 2025 Republic Day designed off of Kondapalli toys.]]

== Support ==
The art form which has got patronage from the rulers in ancient times is in decline due to lack of profits, time taking to produce toys, influence of western art and younger generations not encouraged towards this art.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Devalla|first1=Rani|title=Kalamkari saris in a new combination|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/kalamkari-saris-in-a-new-combination/article8143354.ece|accessdate=27 January 2016|work=The Hindu|date=23 January 2016|location=Visakhapatnam|language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Tales that Kondapalli toys narrate|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/379894/tales-kondapalli-toys-narrate.html|date=11 January 2014|first=Swaati|last=Chaudhury|accessdate=2 August 2018|newspaper=Deccan Herald}}</ref> [[Lepakshi]] and ''Lanco Institute of General Humanitarian Trust'' took initiative to keep alive the art of crafting toys.<ref name=preservation />

== See also ==
*[[Kinnal Craft]]
*[[Channapatna toys]]
*[[Bidriware]]
*[[List of Geographical Indications in India]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Culture of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian woodwork]]
[[Category:Traditional toys]]
[[Category:Wooden toys]]
[[Category:Krishna district]]
[[Category:Geographical indications in Andhra Pradesh]]

Raoji Ki Ger

2026-03-29T12:44:24Z

KristineCharlton: Adding!

{{Short description|Festival celebrated in Mandore, Jodhpur}}

{{Infobox festival
| name = Raoji ki Ger
| image = Raoji Ki Ger procession in Mandore, Jodhpur.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| caption = Raoji ki Ger procession in Mandore, 2026.
| location = [[Mandore]], [[Jodhpur]], [[Rajasthan]], India
| coordinates = {{coord|26.35292|N|73.03249|E|display=inline,title}}
| date = [[Dhulandi]] (the day after [[Holi]])
| frequency = Annual
| founded = 1392 CE (Commemorates victory of Rao Hema Gehlot)
| participants = 8 local ''beras''
}}
'''Raoji ki Ger''' (also locally known as '''Raav''' or '''Rao Mahotsav''') is an annual cultural festival and procession held on [[Dhulandi]] in the [[Mandore]] region of [[Jodhpur]], Rajasthan.<ref name="News1">{{cite news |title=3 को धुलंडी के दिन रावजी और चैनपुरा की गेर, 633 साल पुरानी परंपरा निभाएंगे मंडोर की नौ बेरों के लोग |trans-title=Raoji and Chainpura Ger on Dhulandi on 3rd, people of nine beras of Mandore will observe 633 year old tradition |newspaper="Dainik Bhaskar" |date=2026-03-01 |location=Jodhpur |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="News2">{{cite news |title=धुलंडी पर परंपरा का रंग: मंडोर में सजेगी ऐतिहासिक 'रावजी की गेर' |trans-title=Colors of tradition on Dhulandi: Historical 'Raoji ki Ger' to be decorated in Mandore |newspaper="Rajasthan Patrika" |date=2026-03-02 |location=Jodhpur |language=hi}}</ref> Organized primarily by the local [[Mali caste|Mali]] community, the tradition has been observed for over 630 years.<ref name="News18History">{{cite news |last=Gaur |first=Krishna Kumar |title=मारवाड़ की ऐतिहासिक 'रावजी की गैर'! 633 साल से जोधपुर के मंडोर में कायम है यह अनूठी परंपरा |trans-title=Marwar's historical 'Raoji ki Ger'! This unique tradition continues in Mandore, Jodhpur for 633 years |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/rajasthan/jodhpur-jodhpur-mandor-rao-ji-ki-gair-mali-samaj-tradition-history-local18-10211700.html |work=News18 Local18 |date=2026-02-23 |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="News3">{{cite news |title=मंडोर की ऐतिहासिक 'रावजी की गेर' में साकार हुई 634 साल पुरानी शौर्य-परंपरा |trans-title=634 year old tradition of valor realized in the historical 'Raoji ki Ger' of Mandore |newspaper="Rajasthan Patrika" |date=2024-03-04 |location=Jodhpur |language=hi}}</ref> The event commemorates the 14th-century military victory of a local warrior, Rao Hema Gehlot, who defeated the forces of Aibak Khan to liberate Mandore.<ref name="BhaskarHema">{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Ravindra |title=खरगोश को बचाने से शुरू हुआ युद्ध:राव हेमा ने 500 सैनिकों के साथ तुर्कों को हराकर मंडोर को आजाद कराया, इसी खुशी में निकलती है गेर |trans-title=The war started by saving a rabbit: Rao Hema defeated the Turks with 500 soldiers and liberated Mandore, Ger comes out in this joy |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/rajasthan/jodhpur/news/rao-hema-along-with-500-soldiers-defeated-the-turks-and-liberated-mandore-in-this-happiness-ger-comes-out-130973081.html |work=Dainik Bhaskar |language=hi}}</ref>

The focal point of the festival is a newly married youth, selected to represent the [[Rai (title)|Rao]] for a single day.<ref name="BhaskarTradition">{{cite news |title=रावजी की गेर की अनूठी परंपरा आज भी कायम |trans-title=Raoji's unique tradition of Ger still persists |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/rajasthan/jodhpur/news/rajasthan-news-ravi39s-unique-tradition-of-gere-still-persists-khokriya-bera-is-the-choice-of-rao-amalie-bera-mandaat-bera-people-do-security-035119-4166646.html |work=Dainik Bhaskar |location=Jodhpur |language=hi}}</ref> Adorned with a crown of flowers and leaves to symbolize the camouflage used by historical soldiers, he leads a procession of men through various local neighborhoods.<ref name="News18Women">{{cite news |last=Gaur |first=Krishna Kumar |title=जोधपुर में रावजी की गेर की अनूठी परंपरा, धुलंडी पर होली की मस्ती |trans-title=Unique tradition of Raoji ki Ger in Jodhpur, Holi fun on Dhulandi |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/rajasthan/jodhpur-rao-jis-ger-yatra-still-has-a-unique-identity-this-is-the-first-event-in-the-country-and-the-world-in-which-entry-of-women-is-prohibited-local18-9102796.html |work=News18 Rajasthan |date=2025-03-15 |language=hi}}</ref>

Women are prohibited from participating in the procession due to the traditional singing of explicit folk songs by the participants.<ref name="News2" /><ref name="News18Women" /> The festivities conclude when the Rao performs a ceremonial jump into the Nag Ganga (also known as Nag Kund) pond.<ref name="BhaskarTradition" />

== History ==

The festival's origins are associated with the late 14th century liberation of Mandore from [[Turkic peoples in India|Turkish administration]].<ref name="ETV2024">{{cite news |title=तुर्कों को हराने वाले राव हेमा की याद में निकली 'गैर', 632 साल पूरानी है यह परंपरा |trans-title='Ger' taken out in memory of Rao Hema who defeated Turks, this tradition is 632 years old |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hi/!state/mali-samaj-gair-tradition-on-holi-2024-in-jodhpur-know-about-632-years-old-history-rjs24032503264 |work=ETV Bharat |date=2024-03-25 |language=hi}}</ref> According to local historical records and the inscription at his memorial in Mandore, Rao Hema Gehlot was born in the village of [[Kuchera]] in the [[Nagaur]] district.<ref name="MemorialPlaque">Inscription on the Rao Hema Gehlot [[Commemorative plaque|Memorial Plaque]], Mandore Gardens, Jodhpur. Erected by Sainik Kshatriya Maali Cultural Promotion and History Research (Regd.), Jodhpur.</ref> A formative incident in his youth involved his mother, Gavari, who protected a wounded hare that had sought refuge with her from a hunting party.<ref name="BhaskarHema" /><ref name="MemorialPlaque" /> Rao Hema's defense of his family's honor during this confrontation established a reputation for valor, leading the Inda [[Parihar (clan)|Parihars]]—the local chieftains struggling under foreign occupation—to invite him to Mandore.<ref name="MemorialPlaque" /> He arrived in the region on 12 March 1389 ([[Vikram Samvat]] 1446).<ref name="MemorialPlaque" />

During this period, the [[Delhi Sultanate]]'s grip on the region was weakening under the late [[Tughlaq dynasty]]. Mandore was administered as an outpost by a Turkish official named Aibak Khan, an appointee of Zafar Khan, the Governor of Gujarat, under [[Gujarat Sultanate]].<ref name="ETV2024" /><ref name="MemorialPlaque" /> This Aibak Khan is identified as a local administrator distinct from the 13th-century Sultan of Delhi, [[Qutb ud-Din Aibak]].<ref name="ETV2024" /> Traditional accounts state that Aibak Khan imposed heavy levies on the local population, culminating in a demand for 100 [[Bullock cart|bullock carts]] filled with green fodder for his cavalry.<ref name="ETV2024" /><ref name="MemorialPlaque" /> Rao Hema Gehlot devised an ambush, concealing 500 armed soldiers within the fodder-filled carts while the drivers camouflaged themselves with green leaves.<ref name="BhaskarHema" /><ref name="MemorialPlaque" /> Upon gaining entry to the [[Mandore#Monuments|Mandore Fort]], the hidden warriors defeated the garrison and reclaimed the stronghold.<ref name="BhaskarHema" /><ref name="News3" />

[[File:Rao Hema Gehlot statue in Mandore garden 02.jpg|thumb|Statue of Rao Hema Gehlot in Mandore garden]]
Following the victory, control of Mandore was transferred to [[Rao Chunda]], and in recognition of his service, Rao Hema Gehlot was granted an agricultural estate on 8 December 1392 (Vikram Samvat 1449).<ref name="ETV2024" /><ref name="MemorialPlaque" /><ref name="News3" /> The annual [[Rao (title)|Rao]]ji ki Ger was established on the day of [[Dhulandi]] to commemorate this victory. Traditionally, the Rao wears floral crown as a direct homage to the camouflage used by the historical soldiers.<ref name="BhaskarHema" /><ref name="ETV2024" /><ref name="News18History" />

== Selection of the Rao ==

The festival procession is led by a newly married man selected from the [[Guhila (clan)|Gehlot]] clan of the Khokriya Bera neighborhood.<ref name="BhaskarTradition" /><ref name="ETV2024" /> The candidate should possess a strong physique and demonstrate proficiency in traditional dance, particularly to the rhythmic beat of the ''Chang'' (drum).<ref name="BhaskarTradition" /><ref name="News18History" /> Historically, the authority to select the [[Rao (title)|Rao]] belonged to the Gopi Bera and later the Phoolbagh Bera. It is currently exercised by elders of the Aamli Bera.<ref name="News18History" /><ref name="ETV2024" />

Once a candidate is chosen, the elders formalize the selection by stamping a pink or red handprint (''chhapa'') on the youth's back.<ref name="BhaskarTradition" /><ref name="News1" /><ref name="News3" /> Following this ritual, the youth is considered a “[[Rai (title)|Rao]]” for the duration of the day.<ref name="News18History" /><ref name="PatrikaShekhawat">{{cite news |last=Bhati |first=Harshwardhan Singh |title=मंडोर में धूमधाम से निकली ऐतिहासिक रावजी की गेर, मंत्री शेखावत ने भी शिरकत |trans-title=Historical Raoji ki Ger taken out with pomp in Mandore, Minister Shekhawat also participated |url=https://www.patrika.com/jodhpur-news/famous-rao-ji-ki-gair-celebrated-at-mandore-area-of-jodhpur-5878449 |work=Rajasthan Patrika |date=2020-03-11 |language=hi}}</ref> He is traditionally adorned in white garments, ankle bells (''[[Ghungroo|ghunghroo]]''), and a crown composed of fresh flowers and leaves.<ref name="News18History" /><ref name="News1" /> This specific attire serves as a symbolic tribute to the camouflage used by Rao Hema Gehlot's soldiers during the 14th-century liberation of Mandore.<ref name="News18History" /><ref name="ETV2024" />

== The Procession (Ger) ==

The ceremonial procession, known as the ''Ger'', typically commences in the late afternoon from the [[Shiva |Shiva temple]] in the Mandawata Bera.<ref name="BhaskarTradition" /><ref name="News1" /><ref name="News18History" /> The route spans approximately 3 kilometers and passes through several historic neighborhoods, including the Khokriya, Bhiyali, Gopi, and Phoolbagh beras.<ref name="BhaskarTradition" /><ref name="News1" /><ref name="News3" /> Participation involves thousands of men from eight distinct local ''beras'' (clans or neighborhoods), who march while singing traditional folk songs and dancing.<ref name="BhaskarTradition" /><ref name="News3" /> The primary instrument played during the march is the ''Chang'' drum.

[[File:Cordon in Raoji Ki Ger procession in Mandore, Jodhpur.jpg|thumb|left|Cordon for procession, 2026]]
The safety of the Rao is managed by a security cordon formed by youths from the Mandawata Bera. They carry wooden sticks and hockey sticks and maintain a protective perimeter around him throughout the five-hour journey.<ref name="BhaskarTradition" /><ref name="News18History" /><ref name="News3" /> Women are excluded from the main procession. This custom is attributed to the singing of traditional folk songs featuring explicit or ribald lyrics.<ref name="News18Women" /><ref name="News2" /><ref name="News3" />

[[File:Mandore Fort and Museum.jpg|thumb|Nag Ganga in Government Museum Complex]]
The procession concludes when the Rao performs a ritual jump into the ancient Nag Ganga (also known as Nag kund) pond, a small pond situated within the Government Museum complex of the gardens.<ref name="BhaskarTradition" /><ref name="News18History" /><ref name="News1" /> This act signifies the end of the festival and the symbolic conclusion of the Rao's one-day reign.<ref name="BhaskarTradition" /><ref name="News18History" />

== See also ==
* [[Holi]]
* [[Mandore]]
* [[Culture of Rajasthan]]
* [[Marwar]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Festivals in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Spring festivals in India]]
[[Category:Hindu festivals]]

Department of Information Technology, Electronics and Communications (Telangana)

2026-03-28T23:56:14Z

KristineCharlton: started the details first draft

{{Short description|None}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Minister of Information Technology, Electronics and Communications
| body =
| native_name = {{transliteration|te|Inpharmēṣan Ṭeknālajī, Elakṭrāniks mariyu Kamyūnikēṣans Śākha Mantrī}}
| insignia =
| insigniasize =
| insigniacaption =
| insigniaalt =
| flag =
| flagsize =
| flagalt =
| flagborder =
| flagcaption =
| image = The Minister for Civil Supplies, Andhra Pradesh, Shri Sridhar Babu addressing at the inauguration of the Bharat Nirman Public Information Campaign, at Manthani, Karimnagar Dist., Andhra Pradesh on September 26, 2012 (cropped).jpg
| imagesize =
| alt =
| imagecaption =
| incumbent = [[D. Sridhar Babu|Duddilla Sridhar Babu]]
| incumbentsince = 7 December 2023
| department = Department of Information Technology, Electronics and Communications
| style =
| type =
| status =
| abbreviation = ITE&C
| member_of = State Cabinet
| reports_to = [[List of governors of Telangana|Governor of Telangana]] [[List of chief ministers of Telangana|Chief Minister of Telangana]] [[Telangana Legislature]]
| residence =
| seat =
| nominator =
| appointer = [[List of governors of Telangana|Governor of Telangana]]
| appointer_qualified = on the advice of the [[List of chief ministers of Telangana|Chief Minister of Telangana]]
| termlength =
| termlength_qualified =
| constituting_instrument =
| precursor =
| inaugural = [[K. T. Rama Rao|Kalvakuntla Taraka Rama Rao]]
| formation = 2 June 2014
| first =
| last =
| abolished =
| superseded_by =
| succession =
| unofficial_names =
| deputy =
| salary =
| website = {{url|https://it.telangana.gov.in/}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Department of Information Technology, Electronics and Communications''' is a cabinet level ministerial post in the [[Government of Telangana]]. First held on 2 June 2014, this ministry has one of the important portfolios in the cabinet. [[K. T. Rama Rao]] of [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]] was the inaugural holder of this portfolio for two consecutive terms. [[D. Sridhar Babu]] is the incumbent minister for this portfolio from [[Indian National Congress]].

==Background==
After the bifurcation of the [[Andhra Pradesh (1956–2014)]] into [[Telangana]] and the residual state of [[Andhra Pradesh]], Telangana was left with [[Hyderabad]] emerging as the hub for Information and Technology (IT).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Asia-Pacific |first=Regional Innovation Centre UNDP |date=2020-02-18 |title=The Tale of Telangana- A Journey of Innovation |url=https://undp-ric.medium.com/the-tale-of-telangana-a-journey-of-innovation-c427ff45334a |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> Reforms initiated during the [[Second N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry]] paved the way for the development of the IT sector in Hyderabad,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-03-11 |title=Confident steps |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/other/advertorial/article30221396.ece |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Frontline |language=en}}</ref> and successive governments continued the momentum after the formation of Telangana.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=T. N. M. |date=2017-12-16 |title=Chandrababu Naidu made Hyderabad an IT hub, KTR praises Andhra CM |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/andhra-pradesh/chandrababu-naidu-made-hyderabad-it-hub-ktr-praises-andhra-cm-73231 |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref> [[K. T. Rama Rao]] was credited with taking up initiatives to foster the IT sector in the state.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Swathi |first=V. |date=2023-12-04 |title=A Minister who emerged as the face of a city |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/a-minister-who-emerged-as-the-face-of-a-city/article67604685.ece |access-date=2023-12-14 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=S |first=Ramanathan |date=2016-10-05 |title=Inside T-Hub: Hyderabad's startup revolution and Telangana govt's daring experiment |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/telangana/inside-t-hub-hyderabads-startup-revolution-and-telangana-govts-daring-experiment-50886 |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref>

== List of ministers ==
{| class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.4em; text-align:center"
! rowspan=2 |#
! rowspan=2 colspan="2" |Portrait
! rowspan=2 style="width:16em" | Minister {{small|(Lifespan) Constituency}}
! colspan="3" |Term of office
! rowspan=2 style="width:5em" |Election {{small|(Term)}}
! rowspan=2 style="width:8em" |Party
! rowspan=2 style="width:8em" |Ministry
! rowspan=2 style="width:10em" |Chief Minister
!rowspan=2 |Ref.
|-
!Term start
!Term end
!Duration
|-
!rowspan=2 |1
|rowspan=2 bgcolor="{{party color|Bharat Rashtra Samithi}}"|
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Kalvakuntla_Taraka_Rama_Rao.jpg|97x97px]]
| rowspan="2" |'''[[K. T. Rama Rao|Kalvakuntla Taraka Rama Rao]]''' {{small|(born 1976) MLA for [[Sircilla Assembly constituency|Sircilla]]}}
|2 June 2014
|6 September 2018
|'''{{ayd|2 June 2014|6 September 2018}}'''
|[[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2014]] {{small|(1st)}}
| rowspan="2" |[[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]]
| bgcolor="#FFA1F4"| '''[[First K. Chandrashekar Rao ministry|Rao I]]'''
| rowspan="2" |[[K. Chandrashekar Rao|Kalvakuntla Chandrashekhar Rao]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |agency=PTI|date=Jun 2, 2014 |title=Telangana is born as 29th state, K Chandrasekhar Rao takes oath as first CM {{!}} India News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/telangana-is-born-as-29th-state-k-chandrasekhar-rao-takes-oath-as-first-cm/articleshow/35939720.cms |access-date=2022-10-30 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|8 September 2019
|3 December 2023
|'''{{ayd|8 September 2019|3 December 2023}}'''
|[[2018 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|2018]] {{small|[[2nd Telangana Assembly|(2nd)]]}}
|bgcolor="#FFA1F4"| '''[[Second K. Chandrashekar Rao ministry|Rao II]]'''
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-08 |title=KCR expands cabinet with 6 ministers; re-inducts son KTR, nephew Harish Rao |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/kcr-expands-cabinet-with-6-ministers-re-inducts-son-ktr-nephew-harish-rao/story-SzNphg4yKVK4eKk8lwh2JN.html |access-date=2022-10-30 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
|-
!2
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[File:The Minister for Civil Supplies, Andhra Pradesh, Shri Sridhar Babu addressing at the inauguration of the Bharat Nirman Public Information Campaign, at Manthani, Karimnagar Dist., Andhra Pradesh on September 26, 2012 (cropped).jpg|125x125px]]
|'''[[D. Sridhar Babu|Duddilla Sridhar Babu]]''' {{small|(born 1969) MLA for [[Manthani Assembly constituency|Manthani]]}}
|7 December 2023
|''Incumbent''
|'''{{ayd|7 December 2023|}}'''
|[[2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|2023]] {{small|[[3rd Telangana Assembly|(3rd)]]}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|bgcolor="#87CEEB"| '''[[Revanth Reddy ministry|Reddy]]'''
|[[Revanth Reddy|Anumula Revanth Reddy]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=TS IT Minister Sridhar presides over Praja Darbar, says govt will address all issues |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2023/dec/12/ts-it-minister-sridhar-presides-over-praja-darbar-says-govt-will-address-all-issues-2640683.html |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=The New Indian Express |date=12 December 2023 }}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Government of Telangana]]
[[Category:Government departements of Telangana]]

Balamani Amma

2026-03-27T07:48:06Z

KristineCharlton: creating new info...

{{short description|Indian poet (1909–2004)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Balamani Amma
| image =
| caption =
| pseudonym =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1909|07|19}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2004|09|29|1909|07|19}}
| birth_place = [[Punnayurkulam]], [[Ponnani taluk]], [[Malabar District]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]] (Now in [[Thrissur]])
| occupation = [[Poet]]
| death_place = [[Kochi]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]
| genre = [[Poetry]]
| subject =
| movement =
| spouse = V. M. Nair
| children = [[Kamala Surayya]], Sulochana, Mohandas, Shyam Sunder
| awards = [[Padma Bhushan]], [[Sahitya Akademi Award]], [[Saraswati Samman]], [[Asan Smaraka Kavitha Puraskaram|Asan Prize]], [[Ezhuthachan Puraskaram|Ezhuthachan Award]]
| website =
}}
'''Nalapat Balamani Amma''' (19 July 1909 – 29 September 2004) was an Indian [[poet]] who wrote in [[Malayalam]]. ''Amma'' (Mother), ''Muthassi'' (Grandmother), and ''Mazhuvinte Katha'' (The story of the Axe) are some of her well-known works.<ref name=george>{{cite book|last=George|first=K. M.|author-link=K. M. George (writer)|title=Western influence on Malayalam language and literature|year=1998|publisher=[[Sahitya Akademi]]|isbn=978-81-260-0413-3|pages=132|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MZqqyxVkufQC}}</ref> She was a recipient of many awards and honours, including the [[Padma Bhushan]],<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |date=2015 |access-date=21 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 October 2015 |df=dmy }}</ref> [[Saraswati Samman]], [[Sahitya Akademi Award]], and [[Ezhuthachan Puraskaram|Ezhuthachan Award]].<ref name=prdKerala>{{cite web|title=Literary Awards |url=http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/awards.htm |publisher=[[Government of Kerala]] |access-date=13 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524212356/http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/awards.htm |archive-date=24 May 2007 }}</ref> She was the mother of writer [[Kamala Surayya|Kamala Das]], also known as Madhavikutty.<ref name=weisbord>{{cite book|last=Weisbord|first=Merrily|title=The Love Queen of Malabar: Memoir of a Friendship with Kamala Das|year=2010|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|isbn=978-0-7735-3791-0|url=https://archive.org/details/lovequeenofmalab0000weis|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/lovequeenofmalab0000weis/page/116 116]|quote=balamani amma.}}</ref>

==Biography==
Balamani Amma was born on 19 July 1909<ref name="ie_sep04"/> to Chittanjoor Kunhunni Raja and Nalapat Kochukutti amma at Nalappat, her ancestral home in [[Punnayurkulam]], [[Ponnani taluk]], [[Malabar District]], [[British Raj|British India]]. Balamani got her family name, ''Nalapat.''<ref name="Jadia 2016">{{cite news |last1=Jadia |first1=Varun |title=This List of India's Most Gifted Women Poets Is Sure to Bring Some Enchantment in Your Life |url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/55708/women-poets-india-list-poetry/ |access-date=12 July 2021 |work=The Better India |date=May 29, 2016}}</ref> She was influenced by [[Nalapat Narayana Menon]] and the poet [[Vallathol Narayana Menon]].<ref name=azheekode>{{cite web|last=Azheekode |first=Sukumar |author-link=Sukumar Azhikode |title=Balamaniamma |url=http://www.enmalayalam.com/home/en/topic/column/2208 |access-date=13 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502005127/http://www.enmalayalam.com/home/en/topic/column/2208 |archive-date=2 May 2014|df=dmy}}</ref>

At age 19, Amma married V. M. Nair, who became the [[managing director]] and managing editor of ''[[Mathrubhumi]]'', a widely circulated [[Malayalam]] newspaper,<ref name="ie_sep04"/><ref name="TOI 2009">{{cite news |last1=TNN |title=Kamala Das passes away |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Kamala-Das-passes-away/articleshow/4599921.cms |access-date=12 July 2021 |work=Times of India |date=June 1, 2009}}</ref> and later an executive at an automobile company.<ref name="Fox 2009">{{cite news |last1=Fox |first1=Margalit |title=Kamala Das, Indian Poet and Memoirist, Dies at 75 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/14/books/14das.html |access-date=12 July 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=June 13, 2009}}</ref> She left for Kolkata after her marriage to live with her husband.<ref name="veethi2022">{{Cite web |title=Balamani Amma |url=https://www.veethi.com/india-people/balamani_amma-profile-2225-25.htm |access-date=2022-07-19 |website=veethi.com}}</ref> V. M. Nair died in 1977.<ref name="veethi2022" />

Amma was the mother of writer [[Kamala Surayya]], (also known as Kamala Das),<ref name="TOI 2009"/> who translated one of her mother's poems, "The Pen", which describes the loneliness of a mother. Her other children include sons Mohandas, Shyam Sunder, and daughter Sulochana.<ref name="ie_sep04"/>

Amma died on 29 September 2004 after five years of [[Alzheimer's disease]].<ref name="ie_sep04">{{cite news|title=Balamani Amma no more|url=https://www.indianexpress.com/oldStory/56082/|access-date=July 12, 2021|newspaper=[[Indian Express]]|date=30 September 2004}}</ref> Her cremation was attended with full state honours.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kerala bids farewell to Balamani Amma |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/Kerala-bids-farewell-to-Balamani-Amma/articleshow/869107.cms |access-date=12 July 2021 |work=Times of India |agency=PTI |date=September 30, 2004}}</ref>

==Poetry==
Balamani Amma published more than 20 anthologies of poems, several prose works, and translations. Her first poem "Kooppukai" was published in 1930.<ref name=azheekode/> Her first recognition came when she received the Sahithya Nipuna Puraskaram, an award from [[Rama Varma Parikshith Thampuran|Parikshith Thampuran]], former ruler of [[Kingdom of Cochin]]. ''Nivedyam'' is the collection of poems of Balamani Amma from 1959 to 1986. ''Lokantharangalil'' is an elegy on the death of the poet [[Nalapat Narayana Menon]].<ref name=hindu_sep04>{{cite news|title=A prolific writer|url=http://hindu.com/2004/09/30/stories/2004093011150400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041119111230/http://www.hindu.com/2004/09/30/stories/2004093011150400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 November 2004|access-date=13 November 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=30 September 2004}}</ref>

===Collections of poems===
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*''Kudumbini'' (1936)
*''Dharmamargathil'' (1938)
*''Sthree Hridayam'' (1939)
*''Prabhankuram'' (1942)
*''Bhavanayil'' (1942)
*''Oonjalinmel'' (1946)
*''Kalikkotta'' (1949)
*''Velichathil'' (1951)
*''Avar Paadunnu'' (1952)
*''Pranamam'' (1954)
*''Lokantharangalil'' (1955)
*''Sopanam'' (1958)
*''Muthassi'' (1962)
*''Mazhuvinte Katha'' (1966)
*''Ambalathilekku'' (1967)
*''Nagarathil'' (1968)
*''Veyilaarumbol'' (1971)
*''Amruthamgamaya'' (1978)
*’’Sahapadikal’’(1979)
*''Sandhya'' (1982)
*''Nivedyam'' (1987)
*''Mathruhridayam'' (1988)
*''To My Daughter'' (Malayalam)
*''Kulakkadavil''
* ''Mahavira''
{{div col end}}

==Awards and recognition==
Her poetry earned her the titles of ''Amma'' (mother) and ''Muthassi'' (grandmother) of Malayalam poetry.<ref name="ie_sep04" /><ref name=manorama>{{cite web|title=Balamaniamma|url=http://www.manoramaonline.com/advt//Lifestyle/Poetry_Day/memory_06.htm|publisher=[[Malayala Manorama]]|language=ml|access-date=20 November 2011|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130128032442/http://www.manoramaonline.com/advt//Lifestyle/Poetry_Day/memory_06.htm|archive-date=28 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> While delivering the Balamaniyamma remembrance speech at the [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]], [[Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri]], described her as the "prophet of human glory" and said that her poetry had been an inspiration to him.<ref name=hindu_oct04>{{cite news|title=Balamaniyamma remembered|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/08/stories/2004100811520400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041031205159/http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/08/stories/2004100811520400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=31 October 2004|access-date=20 November 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=8 October 2004}}</ref> Writer and critic [[M. N. Karassery]] considered her a Gandhian, and believed her works should be revisited when people consider [[Nathuram Godse]] to represent Indian nationalism.<ref name="The Hindu 2019"/>

She received many literary honours and awards, including the [[Kerala Sahithya Akademi Award]] for ''Muthassi'' (1963), [[Sahitya Akademi Award|Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award]] for ''Muthassi'' (1965), Asan Prize (1989), [[Vallathol Narayana Menon|Vallathol]] Award (1993), [[Lalithambika Antharjanam]] Award (1993), [[Saraswati Samman]] for ''Nivedyam'' (1995), Ezhuthachan Award (1995), and [[N. V. Krishna Warrier]] Award (1997).<ref name=hindu_sep04 /> She was also a recipient of India's third highest civilian honour, the [[Padma Bhushan]], in 1987.<ref>{{cite web|title=Padma Bhushan Awardees|url=http://india.gov.in/myindia/padmabhushan_awards_list1.php?start=510|publisher=[[Government of India]]|access-date=13 November 2011}}</ref>

She is often regarded as the ‘Mathruthwathinte Kavi’ (poetess of motherhood’ or ‘Muttassi’ (grandmother), due to her fondness for children.<ref>{{Cite web |last=BU |first=Prathiksha |date=2021-07-19 |title=Nalapat Balamani Amma: Celebrate The Rebel Poet Of 20th Century! |url=https://www.womensweb.in/2021/07/poet-nalapat-balamani-amma-mother-of-kamala-das-july21wk3sr/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=Women's Web |language=en}}</ref>

==Legacy==
The Kochi International Book Festival Committee created the Balamani Amma Award, with a cash award for writers.<ref name="The Hindu 2019">{{cite news |date=December 6, 2019 |title=Balamani Amma Award presented to Padmanabhan |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/balamani-amma-award-presented-to-padmanabhan/article30199597.ece |access-date=12 July 2021 |work=The Hindu}}</ref><ref name="NIE 2017">{{cite news |last1=Express News Service |title=Balamani Amma award presented to Mohanavarma |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2017/dec/06/balamani-amma-award-presented-to-mohanavarma-1719397.html |access-date=12 July 2021 |work=The New Indian Express |date=December 6, 2017}}</ref>

On 19 July 2022, [[Google]] honoured Amma with a [[Google Doodle]] on her birth anniversary.<ref>{{cite news |title=Balamani Amma: Google Doodle celebrates Malayalam poet's 113th birth anniversary |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-in-india/balamani-amma-google-doodle-malayalam-poet-8037907/lite/ |work=The Indian Express |date=19 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Hindu July 19 2022">{{cite news |title=Google doodle celebrates Balamani Amma's 113th birth anniversary |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/google-doodle-celebrates-grandmother-of-malayalam-literature-balamani-ammas-113th-birth-anniversary/article65657083.ece |access-date=19 July 2022 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=July 19, 2022}}</ref> She has been referred to as "the grandmother of Malayalam literature".<ref name="Hindu July 19 2022"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons}}

{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 1980–89}}
{{Sahitya Akademi Award For Malayalam}}
{{SahityaAkademiFellowship}}
{{Ezhuthachan Puraskaram}}
{{Padma Award winners of Kerala}}
{{Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Amma, Balamani}}
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:2004 deaths]]
[[Category:Writers from Thrissur district]]
[[Category:Malayalam poets]]
[[Category:Women writers from Kerala]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature & education]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Malayalam]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Saraswati Samman Award]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Ezhuthachan Award]]
[[Category:Deaths from Alzheimer's disease in India]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Poets from Kerala]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women poets]]

Deer Park, Delhi

2026-03-23T03:07:46Z

KristineCharlton: started initial details w/ infobox

{{short description|Public park in South Delhi, Delhi}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox park
| name = Deer Park
| image = Group of deer in the deer park.jpg
| image_caption = Group of Deer in the Deer Park
| map_width = 208
| type = [[Nature park]]
| location = [[Hauz Khas]], [[South Delhi]], India
| coords =
| created = {{Start date|1295}}
| coordinates = {{coord|28.5566|N|77.1959|E|region:IN-DL_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| coords_ref =
| area = {{convert|60|acre|ha mi2 km2}}
| operator = [[Delhi Development Authority]]
| visitation_num =
| status = Open
| designation =
| website =
| open = 5:00am-8:00pm (summer) 5:30am-7:00pm (winter)
}}
'''Deer Park,''' also known as '''Aditya Nath Jha Deer Park''', is a [[Nature park|natural park]] in Delhi located in the [[Hauz Khas]] subdivision of [[South Delhi]]. It was named after a famous social worker [[Aditya Nath Jha]]. This place is popular for walking, jogging and weekend outings. Deer Park comprises many subsections such as Duck Park, Picnic Spots, and Rabbit Enclosures. The park is accessible from [[Safdarjung Enclave]], [[Green Park, Delhi|Green Park]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://greenparkdelhi.com |title=Green Park Delhi |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303143736/http://www.greenparkdelhi.com/ |archivedate=3 March 2011 }}</ref> and [[Hauz Khas Village]]. It is also connected to District Park making it approachable from [[Ramakrishna Puram|R K Puram]] near the courts side of the [[Delhi Lawn Tennis Association]] (DLTA).<ref>{{cite news|title=Deer Park animals unwanted and unloved|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Deer-Park-animals-unwanted-and-unloved/articleshow/966664.cms|accessdate=18 October 2014|work=The Times of India|date=21 December 2004}}</ref>

The Park has four different wings: Rose Garden, Deer Park, Fountain & District Park, Old Monuments and Hauz Khas Art Market.

The park houses a large number of deer inside the park. There is a large enclosure in the park for deer to roam around. Entry to the Deer Park and the surrounding green park is free and it is open everyday from 5:00 AM to 8:00 PM during summer till October and 5:30 AM to 7:00 PM during winter.<ref>{{cite web|title=Deer Park, Delhi|url=http://www.indfy.com/delhi/tourist-places-to-visit/parks-and-gardens/deer-park.html|website=indfy.com|accessdate=18 October 2014}}</ref>

==Location==
The Deer Park along with the connected District Park (that houses the Hauz Khas lake) and adjacent Rose Garden make up one of the largest green areas in New Delhi. They are collectively called "the lungs of Delhi" because they provide fresh air in the otherwise polluted hustling bustling mega metropolitan Delhi.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hauz Khas deer park may close|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Hauz-Khas-deer-park-may-close/articleshow/39437301.cms|accessdate=18 October 2014|date=1 August 2014|work=The Times of India}}</ref> The park is easy to arrive at from Hauz khas Village, Safdarjang Enclave and Delhi Lawn Tennis Associations Courts.

== Governance ==

The park is maintained by the [[Delhi Development Authority]], a government planning authority.

==Landmarks and structures==
===Art and monuments===
====Structures====
[[File:Munda Gumbad in Deer Park.jpg|thumb|upright=1|Munda Gumbad located inside Deer Park]]
'''Munda Gumbad''' ({{langx|fa|مُنْڈا گمباد|lit=Bald Tomb' or 'Domeless Tomb}}) is a [[rubble]] [[pavilion]] north west to the Hauz Khas lake. It is said to be once located at the center of the lake. The structure was built by [[Alauddin Khilji]] of the [[Khalji dynasty|Khilji dynasty]] in 1295 AD.

The structure at the moment is built on a raised platform. It is square in shape, with arches on all four sides, allowing passage inside the inner chamber.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Peacock at deer park.jpg|Peacock near Deer Park, New Delhi
File:Hauz Khas Jheel.jpg|Hauz Khas Jheel located inside Deer Park
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[List of parks in Delhi]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Delhi |state=expanded}}

[[Category:Parks in Delhi]]
[[Category:Protected areas with year of establishment missing]]

{{Delhi-geo-stub}}

Assam Veterinary and Fishery University

2026-03-21T12:02:51Z

KristineCharlton: creating new details...

{{Short description|University in Khanapara, Assam, India}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Assam Veterinary and Fishery University
| native_name = অসম পশুপালন আৰু মৎস্য বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়
| established = 2025
| type = Public
| chancellor =
| vice_chancellor = Dr. Niranjan Kalita<ref> https://www.ptinews.com/story/national/governor-administers-oath-to-vc-of-assam-veterinary-and-fishery-university/3003425</ref>
| city = Guwahati
| state = Assam
| country = India
| campus = Urban
| website = {{URL|www.avfu.ac.in}}

}}

'''Assam Veterinary and Fishery University''' (AVFU), formerly '''College of Veterinary Science''' is a [[Veterinary medicine|veterinary]] university situated in [[Khanapara]], [[Assam]], India. The university focuses on veterinary and [[fishery]] sciences.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Assam To Establish Veterinary And Fishery University |url=https://m.guwahatiplus.com/article/assam-to-establish-veterinary-and-fishery-university/31112 |access-date=2024-09-24 |website=guwahatiplus.com |language=en}}</ref>

==History==
The Assam Veterinary and Fishery University Bill, 2024, was passed by the Assam Assembly on the fourth day of its Autumn Session.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Assam Veterinary and Fishery University Bill, 2024 |url=https://assambidhansabha.org/legislation/bills/introduced/157 |access-date=2024-09-24 |website=assambidhansabha |language=en}}</ref> It was introduced by Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Minister Atul Bora, to establish a new university specializing in veterinary and fishery sciences.<ref>{{Cite tweet |user=ATULBORA2|number=1829159929535447330|title=Today marks a significant milestone for Assam's veterinary and fisheries sectors as the Assam Veterinary and Fishery University Bill, 2024 has been passed in the Assam Legislative Assembly. This university will be a game-changer in making Assam self-reliant in livestock, poultry, and fisheries sectors. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to Hon'ble CM Dr. @himantabiswa for his visionary guidance and unwavering commitment to developing these sectors and ensuring the welfare of farmers.}}</ref>

Later, the university was formed in February, 2024 by merging existing veterinary colleges and the College of Fishery Science in Assam that was earlier under the Assam Agriculture University, Jorhat.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Digital |first=Sentinel |date=2024-08-30 |title=Assam Assembly Passes Veterinary And Fishery University Bill |url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/topheadlines/assam-assembly-veterinary-and-fishery-university-bill-passed |access-date=2024-09-24 |website=The Sentinel |language=en}}</ref> This initiative was part of the Government of Assam's efforts to create a specialized institution that would cater to the growing demand for skilled professionals in veterinary and fishery sciences.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Establishment Of Assam Veterinary And Fishery University: A Great Beginning Of A Bright Future |url=http://babrone.edu.in/blog/?p=5522 |website=Babrone.edu.in}}</ref>

The College of Veterinary Science was established in 1948 at Nagaon as Assam Veterinary College, with 33 students in its first batch.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Veterniary College |url=http://www.vetbifg.ac.in/introduction.php |access-date=2024-09-25 |website=www.vetbifg.ac.in}}</ref> After independence, the college began its journey toward becoming a premier institute. It became a part of Assam Agricultural University in 1969.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Science |first=Khanapara Indian Agricultural Universities Association (7th: 1976: College of Veterinary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxrZZwEACAAJ |title=Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Convention of The Indian Agricultural Universities Association Held at Assam Agricultural University Coolege of Veterinary Science, Khanpara: Gauhati April 15-18, 1976 |date=1976 |publisher=Assam Agriculture University |language=en}}</ref>

The college initially offered a 3-year G.V.Sc. diploma. Later, it introduced the Trimester System and postgraduate courses in five disciplines. The intake for B.V.Sc. & A.H. increased from 65 to 150 by 1985. By 1995, it adopted Veterinary Council of India regulations. Currently, 100 students enroll in B.V.Sc. & A.H., with 10 and 4 seats available for M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. programs, respectively.<ref name=":1" />

==Colleges and Departments==
AVFU comprises various colleges and departments that provide specialized education and training:

#College of Veterinary Science: Located in Khanapara, this college offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs in veterinary science.<ref>{{cite web|title=Khanapara College of Veterinary Science conducts month-long PRA prog|website=NorthEast Now|date=2018-04-02|url=https://nenow.in/north-east-news/khanapara-college-veterinary-science-conducts-month-long-pra-programme.html|access-date=2024-11-17}}</ref>
# Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science, North Lakhimpur, Assam offering B.V.Sc. & A.H.
#[[College of Fisheries, Raha]]: Situated in Raha, this college focuses on fishery science education and research.<ref name=":0" />
#Research Stations: The university oversees multiple research stations that facilitate practical learning and research activities related to veterinary and fishery sciences.<ref>{{cite web|author=The Assam Tribune|title=Assam fishery department directs 4 institutes to detect presence of formalin in imported fishes|website=The Assam Tribune|date=2023-04-28|url=https://assamtribune.com/assam/assam-fishery-department-directs-4-institutes-to-detect-presence-of-formalin-in-imported-fishes-1473906|access-date=2024-11-17}}</ref>
#Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs): AVFU also manages 5 KVKs{{efn|"Krishi Vigyan Kendra" translates to "Agricultural Science Center" in English. These centers located at Kamrup, Morigaon, North Lakhimpur, Baksa and Barpeta are established by ICAR, aim to train farmers, demonstrate new technologies, and provide solutions to agricultural challenges.}} that serve as agricultural extension centers, providing training and resources to local farmers.<ref>{{cite web|title=Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) - AAU|website=AAU|url=https://www.aau.ac.in/kvks|access-date=2024-11-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=Assam: Krishi Vigyan Kendra animal health camp held in Lakhimpur|website=Sentinel Assam|date=2024-07-22|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/assam-krishi-vigyan-kendra-animal-health-camp-held-in-lakhimpur|access-date=2024-11-17}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.vetbifg.ac.in/ Official website]

{{Universities in Assam}}

[[Category:Animal research institutes]]
[[Category:Fisheries and aquaculture research institutes in India]]
[[Category:Veterinary schools in India]]
[[Category:State universities in Assam]]

Palam Kalyanasundaram

2026-03-15T03:16:42Z

KristineCharlton: Done!

{{Short description|Indian philanthropist and social worker}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Palam Kalyanasundaram
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Mr. Palam Kalyanasundaram.JPG
| caption =
| birth_date = August 1940
| birth_place = Melakarivelamkulam, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India
| education = {{Plainlist|
* Master of Arts (Literature)
* Master of Arts (History)
* Gold Medalist in Library Science, University of Madras
}}
| occupation = {{Plainlist|
* Librarian (retired)
* Philanthropist
* Social worker
}}
| organization = Paalam
| known_for = Philanthropy, Social service
| awards = {{Plainlist|
* [[Padma Shri]] (2023)
}}
}}

'''Palam Kalyanasundaram''' (born {{Circa|August 1940}}) is an Indian [[librarian]], [[philanthropist]], and [[social worker]] from [[Tamil Nadu]], India. He is known for his extensive charitable work, having reportedly donated all his earnings, including his salary throughout his 35-year career as a [[librarian]], his pension, and numerous cash awards, to charitable causes.<ref name="TheBetterIndia30Years">{{cite web |first=Shreya |last=Pareek |date=20 August 2014 |title=The 73-Year Old Librarian Who Has Been Donating Every Rupee He Earned To The Poor For 30 Years! |url=https://thebetterindia.com/12607/man-donated-every-rupee-earned-help-poor-kalyanasundaram-librarian/ |access-date=15 May 2024 |website=[[The Better India]]}}</ref><ref name="DeccanChronicleUnwavering">{{cite web |first=Merin Maria |last=James |date=20 April 2016 |title=An unwavering commitment to charity |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/viral-and-trending/200416/an-unwavering-commitment-to-charity.html |access-date=15 May 2024 |newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref> He was awarded the [[Padma Shri]], India's fourth-highest civilian honor, in 2023 in the field of social work.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-23 |title=Padma Awards 2023 Announced |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1893797 |access-date=19 May 2025 |website=[[Press Information Bureau]]}}</ref><ref name="NewIndianExpressPadmaTN">{{cite web |author= |date=26 January 2023 |title=Singer, snake catchers, doctor among six Padma Shri awardees from TN |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2023/Jan/26/singer-snake-catchers-doctor-among-six-padma-shri-awardees-from-tn-2541456.html |access-date=15 May 2024 |newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Palam Kalyanasundaram was born in August 1940 in Melakarivelamkulam village in the [[Tirunelveli district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], India.<ref name="PrinchBio2">{{cite web |first=Gopal Mohan |last=Shukla |title=Librarian of the Millennium: Palam Kalyanasundaram |url=https://princh.com/blog-librarian-of-the-millennium/ |access-date=15 May 2024 |website=[[Princh]]|date=30 March 2023 }}</ref>{{better source needed |date=May 2025 |reason=This is a blog that does not appear reliable.}} He lost his father when he was a child, and was raised by his mother, Thaayammal.<ref name="TeenagerTodayLibrarian">{{cite web |first=F. M. |last=Britto |title=Librarian of the Millennium |url=https://theteenagertoday.com/librarian-of-the-millennium/ |access-date=15 May 2024 |website=The Teenager Today|date=23 January 2024 }}</ref>

Kalyanasundaram pursued higher education at the [[University of Madras]], where he earned a gold medal in [[Library and information science|Library Science]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-26 |title=Palam Kalyanasundaram: The Man Of The Millenium - The Commune |url=https://thecommunemag.com/palam-kalyanasundaram-the-man-of-the-millenium/ |access-date=2025-05-16 |language=en-US}}</ref> He also holds [[Master of Arts]] degrees in Literature and History. His interest in [[Tamil literature]] led the founder of MTT Hindu College to introduce the subject and sponsor his education.<ref name="TeenagerTodayLibrarian" />

== Career and philanthropy ==
Kalyanasundaram worked as a librarian for 35 years at the Kumarkurupara Arts College in [[Srivaikuntam]], [[Thoothukudi district]], retiring in 1998.<ref name="HinduPractising">{{Cite web |archive-date=2013-05-02 |date=22 August 2004 |title=Practising what he preaches |url=http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/08/22/stories/2004082209260200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502105905/http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/08/22/stories/2004082209260200.htm |access-date=2025-05-16 |first=Prathiba |last=Parameswaran |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> A significant aspect of his philanthropic journey was the decision to donate all his earnings.<ref name="TheBetterIndia30Years" /> During the [[1962 Sino-Indian War]], he donated his gold chain to the war fund,<ref name="TheBetterIndia30Years" /><ref name="SRDalviFoundationWhoIs">{{cite web |first=Ramachandraa |last=Dalvi |title=Who is Palam Kalyanasundaram? |url=https://srdalvifoundation.com/who-is-palam-kalyanasundaram/ |access-date=15 May 2024 |website=S R Dalvi (I) Foundation|date=10 November 2022 }}</ref> an act acknowledged and felicitated by the then Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, [[K. Kamaraj]].<ref name="SRDalviFoundationWhoIs" />

Upon retirement, Kalyanasundaram also donated his pension arrears of {{INR convert|10|l}}.<ref name="TheBetterIndia30Years" /> He is also reported to have donated prize money from various awards, including a sum of {{INR Convert|30|c}} that he received with a 'Man of the Millennium' award from some unidentified American organisation.<ref name="TheBetterIndia30Years" /><ref name="DeccanChronicleUnwavering" />

Kalyanasundaram founded the Paalam (meaning "bridge" in Tamil) organization in 1998 after his retirement. The organization acts as a conduit, connecting donors with those in need and facilitating various social welfare activities.<ref name="HinduPractising" />

== Awards and recognition ==

* [[Padma Shri]] (2023)<ref name="TOIVideosPadma2">{{cite web |date=6 April 2023 |title=Retired Librarian Palam Kalyanasundaram awarded Padma Shri for social work |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/news/retired-librarian-palam-kalyanasundaram-awarded-padma-shri-for-social-work/videoshow/99290638.cms |access-date=15 May 2024 |publisher=Times of India Videos}}</ref>
* Man of the Millennium, from some American organisation<ref name="NewIndianExpressPadmaTN" />
* Best Librarian in India (1990), from the Government of India.<ref name="RediffEveryRupee">{{cite web |first=Shobha |last=Warrier |author-link=Shobha Warrier |date=23 March 2016 |title=He donated EVERY rupee he earned to the poor |url=https://rediff.com/news/special/he-donated-every-rupee-he-earned-to-the-poor/20160323.htm |access-date=15 May 2024 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>

== Personal life and legacy ==
Kalyanasundaram lives in [[Saidapet]], [[Chennai]], and remains unmarried.<ref name="TheBetterIndia30Years" /> He has pledged his body and eyes to the [[Tirunelveli Medical College]] for medical research and donation after his death.<ref name="HinduPractising" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Social Work}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Indian philanthropists]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in social work]]
[[Category:Indian librarians]]
[[Category:1940 births]]

Kanakanjali

2026-03-14T06:37:26Z

KristineCharlton: Adding a bio v1...

{{Short description|Indian Bengali television serial}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox television
| image =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| caption =
| alt_name =
| genre = [[Indian Soap Opera]]
| creator = [[Ideas Creations]]
| based_on =
| developer =
| story = [[Sutanu Gupta]] '''Dialogues''' [[Sambaran Dutta]]
| director = Arindam Ganguly [[Anal Chakraborty]]
| creative_director =
| presenter =
| starring = [[Arindam Ganguly]] [[Tilottama Dutta]] [[Aparajita Adhya]]
| judges =
| voices = Arindam Ganguly
| narrated =
| theme_music_composer =
| opentheme = "Aye Khuku Aye"
| endtheme =
| composer = [[Chandan Roy Chowdhury]]
| country = India
| language = Bengali
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 337
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer =
| producer = [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]] [[Arpita Chatterjee]]
| editor =
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| cinematography =
| camera =
| runtime = 21 Minutes
| company = Ideas Creations
| channel = [[Zee Bangla]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=y|2011|08|29}}
| last_aired = {{End date|df=y|2012|09|22}}
| related = 
}}
'''''Kanakanjali''''' is a Bengali television serial which used to air on [[Zee Bangla]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.purplemovietown.co.in/serialdetails.php?id=19 |title=Purple Movie Town |website=www.purplemovietown.co.in |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515011748/http://www.purplemovietown.co.in/serialdetails.php?id=19 |archive-date=2014-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/the-actor-is-expecting-a-positive-response-to-his-kanakanjali-which-airs-from-today-on-zee-bangla-/articleshow/9780272.cms|title=The actor is expecting a positive response to his Kanakanjali which airs from today on Zee Bangla.|website=The Times of India|date=29 August 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zee.com/in-the-news/zee-bangla-presents-kanakanjali/|title=Zee Bangla presents Kanakanjali|website=Zee.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://stationhollywood.blogspot.com/2012/09/kanakanjali-poribar-and-keya-patar.html?m=1|title=Kanakanjali Poribar and Keya Patar Nouka Poribar stormed Zee Bangla Banglar Sera Poribar.|website=Station Hollywood|date=September 2012 }}</ref>

==Plot==
The show Kanakanjali is the story of Shuvro Chowdhury and his two daughters Sreya and Jhimli. Shuvro is the proud father of four children. His elder son Probal is a textile engineer and the younger son Promit is a management graduate. Shuvro, a saree dealer by profession, has always nurtured a dream that one day Probal and Promit would carry forward his business. Shuvro seems to have the picture perfect family envied by all. Life is fantastic till the time Shuvro realizes that Probal and Promit have no interest in appreciating the much nurtured dream of their father. A time comes when the two sons almost desert their father. An emotionally and financially bankrupt father has none for support. To his surprise, Shuvro has Sreya by his side who fights to get back the lost honour of her father.
Kanakanjali is the story of the relationships of a father with his daughters. It is the story of a happy family which crumbles down under the pressure of selfish interests. It is the story of a father in despair, whose honour is resurrected by his daughters. Kanakanjali, above all, is the story of two daughters who assure the parents of the Hindu patriarchal society that the daughters can become their support when they need them the most.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zeebangla.com/shows/kanakanjali|title=Watch Best TV Shows, Serials, Spoilers & Full Episodes Online}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ibollytv.com/showmovie_info.php?movie_name=Kanakanjali |title=Watch Kanakanjali (Zee Bangla) Bengali TV Show Watch Online |access-date=2015-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402122026/http://www.ibollytv.com/showmovie_info.php?movie_name=Kanakanjali |archive-date=2015-04-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Cast==
* [[Kanyakumari Mukherjee]] / [[Tilottama Dutta]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tollytales.com/entertainment/bangla-serial/actress-tilottama-dutt-disappeared-from-industry-after-two-serials-2-16129|title=SERIALZee Bangla Actress: মাত্র দু'টি ধারাবাহিকে করেছেন কাজ, তারপরেই রহস্যজনকভাবে উধাও হয়ে যান অভিনেত্রী! জি বাংলা জনপ্রিয় "কনকাঞ্জলি" সিরিয়ালের নায়িকা এখন কোথায়?|website=Tolly Tales|date=March 2023 }}</ref> as Shreya
* [[Ritwik Chakraborty]] as Rupam
* [[Amrita Chattopadhyay]] as Jhimli
* [[Arindam Ganguly]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/ask-the-production-house-arindam-ganguly-on-his-absence-from-tv/articleshow/67741457.cms?_gl=1*16xr03r*_ga*MjQ2NTY5ODc1LjE2MDc0NDgwNzQ.*_ga_FCN624MN68*MTY5OTQyMzM0NC4xMi4xLjE2OTk0MjM2NTIuNjAuMC4w|title=Ask the production house: Arindam Ganguly on his absence from TV|website=The Times of India|date=29 January 2019 }}</ref> as Shubhro
* [[Roopa Ganguly]] as Nipa
* [[Aparajita Auddy]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/aparajita-turns-a-year-younger-today/articleshow/68109848.cms|title=Aparajita turns a year younger today!|website=The Times of India|date=22 February 2019 }}</ref> as Pratima
* [[Kheyali Dastidar]] as Shreya's aunt
* [[Debshankar Haldar]] as Parimal
* [[Soumitra Chatterjee]] as Shreya's grandfather
* Mita Chatterjee as Shreya's grandmother
* [[Rajesh kr Chattopadhyay]]
* [[Swagata Basu]]
* Swagata Mukherjee as Promeela
<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/others/news-interviews/A-father-daughter-saga-retold/articleshow/9857674.cms|title=A father-daughter saga retold | Regional Movie News - Times of India|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 September 2011 }}</ref>
* Saswati Guhathakurta as Bina
* [[Dulal Lahiri]] as Rudro Mitra
*
* [[Tania Kar]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/tv-actress-tania-kar-turns-a-year-older/articleshow/65838600.cms?_gl=1*126ssyw*_ga*MjQ2NTY5ODc1LjE2MDc0NDgwNzQ.*_ga_FCN624MN68*MTY5OTQyMzM0NC4xMi4xLjE2OTk0MjM5NTYuNjAuMC4ww|title=TV actress Tania Kar turns a year older|website=The Times of India|date=17 September 2018 }}</ref> as Oindrila
* [[Soma Banerjee]] as Purobi
* Disha Ganguly as Rupsha
* [[Subhrajit Dutta]] as Neel

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kanakanjali}}
[[Category:Bengali-language television programming in India]]
[[Category:Zee Bangla original programming]]

Euthera peringueyi

2026-03-13T08:56:48Z

KristineCharlton: started first pg w/ sources...

{{short description|Species of fly}}
{{Speciesbox
| image =
| image_caption =
| display_parents = 3
| genus = Euthera
| species = peringueyi
| authority = [[Mario Bezzi|Bezzi]], 1925<ref name="Bezzi1925">{{cite journal |last1=Bezzi |first1=M. |title=On the tachinid genus ''Euthera'' (Diptera), with description of new species from Australia, Africa and South America |journal=Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales |date=1925 |volume=50 |pages=275–283 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34943735#page/321/mode/1up |access-date=14 March 2022}}</ref>
| synonyms =
}}

'''''Euthera peringueyi''''' is a species of [[fly]] in the family [[Tachinidae]].<ref name="OHara2020">{{cite web |last1=O’Hara |first1=James E. |last2=Henderson |first2=Shannon J. |first3=D. Monty |last3=Wood |title=Preliminary Checklist of the Tachinidae (Diptera) of the World|url=http://www.nadsdiptera.org/Tach/WorldTachs/Checklist/Tachchlist_ver2.1.pdf |website=Tachinidae Resources |access-date=20 January 2024 |date=5 March 2020}}</ref>

==Distribution==
[[India]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q14733997}}

[[Category:Dexiinae]]
[[Category:Flies of Asia]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of India]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Mario Bezzi]]
[[Category:Insects described in 1925]]

{{dexiinae-stub}}

Tarun Gogoi

2026-03-11T22:05:24Z

KristineCharlton: basic add page based on references and added references

{{Short description|13th Chief minister of Assam (1936–2020)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image = Tarun Gogoi - Kolkata 2013-02-10 4891 Cropped.JPG
| caption = Gogoi in 2013
| office = 13th [[List of Chief Ministers of Assam|Chief Minister of Assam]]
| governor = [[Srinivas Kumar Sinha]] [[Arvind Dave]] [[Ajai Singh]] [[Shiv Charan Mathur]] [[K. Sankaranarayanan]] [[Syed Sibtey Razi]] [[Janaki Ballabh Patnaik]] [[Padmanabha Acharya]]
| term_start = 18 May 2001<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/home/tarun-gogoi-swornin-as-new-assam-chief-minister_13252.html|title=Tarun Gogoi sworn in as new Assam Chief Minister|author=ZEE NEWS|date=18 May 2001|work=zeenews.india.com|access-date=3 July 2020|archive-date=3 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703062549/https://zeenews.india.com/home/tarun-gogoi-swornin-as-new-assam-chief-minister_13252.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| term_end = 24 May 2016
| predecessor = [[Prafulla Kumar Mahanta]]
| successor = [[Sarbananda Sonowal]]
| majority1 =
| office1 = [[Ministry of Food Processing Industries|Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Food Processing Industries]], [[Government of India]]
| primeminister1 = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]
| term_start1 = 17 January
1993
| term_end1 = 13 September 1995
| predecessor1 = [[Giridhar Gamang]]
| successor1 = [[Kamakhya Prasad Singh Deo]]
| office2 = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| constituency2 = [[Kaliabor (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kaliabor]]
| predecessor2 = [[Keshab Mahanta]]
| successor2 = [[Dip Gogoi]]
| term_start2 = 10 March 1998
| term_end2 = 13 May 2001
| majority2 =
| constituency3 = [[Kaliabor (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kaliabor]]
| predecessor3 = [[Bhadreswar Tanti]]
| successor3 = [[Keshab Mahanta]]
| term_start3 = 22 June 1991
| term_end3 = 12 May 1996
| majority3 =
| constituency4 = [[Jorhat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jorhat]]
| predecessor4 = [[Rajendranath Barua]]
| successor4 = [[Parag Chaliha]]
| term_start4 = 1971
| term_end4 = 1984
| majority4 =
| office5 = Member of [[Assam Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency5 = [[Titabar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Titabar]]
| predecessor5 = [[Dip Gogoi]]
| successor5 = [[Bhaskar Jyoti Baruah]]
| term_start5 = 20 September 2001
| term_end5 = 23 November 2020
| constituency6 = [[Margherita (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Margherita]]
| predecessor6 = Kul Bahadur Chetri
| successor6 = [[Pradyut Bordoloi]]
| term_start6 = 10 May 1996
| term_end6 = 28 February 1998
| majority6 =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1936|04|1|df=y}}<ref name="dob-official"/>
| birth_name =
| birth_place = [[Jorhat district|Rangajan Tea Estate]], [[Assam Province]], [[British India]] (present-day [[Assam]], [[India]])
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2020|11|23|1936|04|01|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Guwahati]], [[Assam]], [[India]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| spouse = {{marriage|Dolly Gogoi|30 July 1972}}
| children = {{flatlist|
* Chandrima
* [[Gaurav Gogoi|Gaurav]]
}}
| alma_mater = [[Gauhati University]] ([[LL.B.|LLB]])
| occupation = {{flatlist|
* Lawyer
* Politician
}}
| website = {{URL|http://assamassembly.gov.in/tarun-gogoi.html}}
| source = [http://assamassembly.nic.in/biodata-cm.html Government of Assam]
| awards = [[Padma Bhushan]] (2021; posthumous)
| relatives = [[Dip Gogoi]] (brother) [[Ganesh Gogoi]] (maternal uncle)
}}
'''Tarun Gogoi''' (1 April 1936 – 23 November 2020) was an Indian politician and lawyer who served as the 13th [[Chief Minister of Assam]] from 2001 to 2016. He was the longest serving Chief Minister of Assam. He was a member of the [[Indian National Congress]]. During his tenure as the chief minister, he is credited with ending [[Insurgency in Assam|militant insurgency]] and mitigating violence in addition to improving the state's fiscal condition. He is the father of Deputy LoP of the Lok Sabha, [[Gaurav Gogoi]].

Gogoi was a member of the Assam Legislative Assembly from 2001 to until his death in 2020 from Titabar constituency and from Margherita constituency from 1996 to 1998. He was the member of Lok Sabha representing Kaliabor from 1991 to 1996 and again from 1998 to 2001 and Jorhat constituency from 1971 to 1984. He was also Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Food and Processing Industries in the [[Rao ministry|P. V. Narasimha Rao ministry]] from 1993 to 1995. He was posthumously awarded the [[Padma Bhushan]], India's third-highest civilian honour, in 2021.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1692337 |title=Padma Awards 2021 announced |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs | access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/shinzo-abe-tarun-gogoi-ram-vilas-paswan-among-padma-award-winners-complete-list/articleshow/80453596.cms |title=Shinzo Abe, Tarun Gogoi, Ram Vilas Paswan among Padma Award winners: Complete list |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=25 January 2021 |access-date=25 January 2021}}</ref>

==Early life==
Tarun Gogoi was born on 1 April 1936<ref name="dob-official">{{Cite web|title=Assam Legislative Assembly – Member|url=http://assamassembly.gov.in/tarun-gogoi.html|access-date=13 November 2020|website=assamassembly.gov.in}}</ref> into an ethnic Assamese [[Tai-Ahom]] family at Rangajan Tea Estate,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tarungogoi.in/biography.php |title=Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi: Biography |access-date=1 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328135107/http://www.tarungogoi.in/biography.php |archive-date=28 March 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-10-11/news/54899809_1_tarun-gogoi-chief-minister-cmo-officials|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713023502/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-10-11/news/54899809_1_tarun-gogoi-chief-minister-cmo-officials|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 July 2015|title=Assam chief minister Tarun Gogoi turns 81 – The Economic Times|access-date=27 October 2016}}</ref> erstwhile Sibsagar District, now the [[Jorhat District]] of Assam.<ref name="profile">{{cite web |url=http://assamassembly.nic.in/biodata-cm.html|title=About Chief Minister of Assam|publisher=Government of Assam|access-date=30 August 2012}}</ref><ref name="tarun-bio1">{{cite book|last=Hussain |first=Wasbir |title=Tarun Gogoi – the inside story of a blunt politician |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D-I3MwEACAAJ |year=2010 |publisher=Wordweaves India, Guwahati|isbn=978-81-909903-2-5 |pages=11–55}}</ref>

His father, Kamaleshwar Gogoi<ref name="tarun-bio1" /> was a medical practitioner at Rangajan Tea Estate.<ref name="tarun-bio1" /> His mother, Usha Gogoi, was the younger sister of the [[Assamese language|Assamese]] poet [[Ganesh Gogoi]].<ref name="tarun-bio1" /> He is the elder brother of [[Dip Gogoi]], who also served as [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kaliabor (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kaliabor]] and Member of [[Assam Legislative Assembly|Assam Legislstive Assembly]] for [[Titabar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Titabar]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-03-24|title=Gogoi's brother finds a rival in Ajmal brother in Kaliabor|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/gogois-brother-finds-a-rival-in-ajmal-brother-in-kaliabor/|access-date=2021-08-23|website=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Dip Gogoi|url=https://prsindia.org/mptrack/15-lok-sabha/dipgogoi|access-date=2021-08-23|website=PRS Legislative Research}}</ref>

He began his primary education at No. 26 Rangajan Nimna Buniyadi Vidyalaya (lower foundation school), before moving on to Jorhat Madrassa School (through class IV), and Bholaguri High School (through class VI). He passed his [[Higher Secondary School Certificate|Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSLC)]] exam from the [[Jorhat Government Boys School|Jorhat Government High School]], before graduating from the [[Jagannath Barooah College]]. He obtained his [[Bachelor of Laws|Bachelor of Laws (LLB)]] degree from [[Gauhati University]].<ref>{{cite web|date=23 September 2019|title=Former CM and Alumnus of JB College Tarun Gogoi discloses about his Love Story|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/sentinel-TV/former-cm-and-alumnus-of-jb-college-tarun-gogoi-discloses-about-his-love-story-449878|website=sentinelassam.com}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite magazine|author=Manogya Loiwal |date=24 November 2020 |title=Longest-serving CM of Assam, six-time MP, lawyer: The long, illustrious career of Tarun Gogoi|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/longest-serving-cm-of-assam-six-time-mp-lawyer-the-long-illustrious-career-of-tarun-gogoi-1743392-2020-11-23|access-date=24 November 2020|magazine=India Today}}</ref>

==Political career==
Gogoi started his political career as a member of the municipal board at Jorhat in 1968 before being elected to the [[Fifth Lok Sabha]] in 1971 from [[Jorhat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jorhat]]. He represented Jorhat in Lok Sabha through the next two terms until 1985.<ref name=":0" /> He represented [[Kaliabor (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kaliabor]] in the [[Tenth Lok Sabha]] between 1991 and 1996, and the [[Twelfth Lok Sabha|Twelfth]] and [[Thirteenth Lok Sabha]] between 1998 and 2001. He quit the Thirteenth Lok Sabha, mid-term, to assume office as the [[Chief Minister of Assam]] in 2001, serving a total of six terms as a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|member of parliament]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"/>

During his second term in the Lok Sabha, he was elected as a Joint Secretary of the [[All India Congress Committee|All India Congress Committee (AICC)]] in 1976, under Congress leader and Prime Minister, [[Indira Gandhi]].<ref name="TOI">{{cite web|date=27 December 2010|title=Assam CM Tarun Gogoi's official biography released|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/-Assam-CM-Tarun-Gogois-official-biography-released/articleshow/7057340.cms|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104001446/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-12-27/guwahati/28244460_1_assam-cm-tarun-gogoi-student-leaders-assam-accord|url-status=live|archive-date=4 January 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=30 August 2012}}</ref> He later served as a General Secretary of the AICC, from 1985 to 1990, under Congress leader and Prime Minister, [[Rajiv Gandhi]].<ref name="TOI" /> He served in the [[Union Cabinet of India]] under Prime Minister, [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]], as the [[Union Minister of State]] in the [[Ministry of Food Processing Industries]] between 1991 and 1996.<ref name=":0" /> He was a member of the Committee on Government Assurances, Consultative Committee, Union Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, and Committee on External Affairs in the Tenth Lok Sabha.<ref name=":1" /> In the Thirteenth Lok Sabha he was a member of the Committee on Railways.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=4 February 2012|title=Assam Legislative Assembly – About Chief Minister of Assam|url=http://assamassembly.nic.in/biodata-cm.html|access-date=24 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204040250/http://assamassembly.nic.in/biodata-cm.html|archive-date=4 February 2012}}</ref>
[[File:Assam CM Tarun Gogoi meets PM Modi on 29 October 2014.jpg|thumb|Gogoi with [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]] on 29 October 2014]]
He served as the President of the [[Assam Pradesh Congress Committee|Assam Pradesh Congress Committee (APCC)]] between 1986 and 1990,<ref name=":0" /> before being appointed as the President again in 1996.<ref name=":1" /> Through has state legislative career he served four terms as a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA)]]. He first represented the Margherita constituency between 1996 and 1998, and the Titabar constituency since 2001.<ref name=":2" />

=== Chief Ministership ===

==== First term ====
{{Main|First Tarun Gogoi Ministry}}
Gogoi lead the [[Indian National Congress]] in the [[2001 Assam Legislative Assembly election]],<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name="sentinel1">{{cite web|date=17 May 2013|title=Tarun Gogoi : Leading from the front – The Sentinel|url=http://www.sentinelassam.com/editorial/story.php?sec=3&subsec=0&id=159157&dtP=2013-05-17&ppr=1|access-date=23 May 2013|publisher=sentinelassam.com|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924100541/http://www.sentinelassam.com/editorial/story.php?sec=3&subsec=0&id=159157&dtP=2013-05-17&ppr=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> with congress securing 70 seats in the [[Assam Legislative Assembly|Assembly]]. On 18 May 2001, Gogoi was unanimously elected leader of the Congress legislative party and was sworn in as the [[List of chief ministers of Assam|Chief Minister of Assam]]. He succeeded the [[Asom Gana Parishad]] government led by [[Prafulla Kumar Mahanta]]. Gogoi was faced with the onerous task of bringing the state out of the morass of militant violence and financial instability characterised by a huge debt burden with even government employees not receiving their salaries on time. During the ministry self employment schemes to counter terrorism, the Police Commission for smooth functioning of administration of State, the Chief Vigilance Commission to prevent corruption and the right to information bill were all established.<ref name=":7">{{Cite book |last=Malhotra |first=G. C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DFqbAAAAMAAJ |title=Cabinet Responsibility to Legislature: Motions of Confidence and No-confidence in Lok Sabha and State Legislatures |date=2004 |publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat |isbn=978-81-200-0400-9 |language=en}}</ref>

On 6 August 2003, a motion of no-confidence was filed against the ministry of Gogoi jointly by [[Asom Gana Parishad|AGP]], [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] and [[Autonomous State Demand Committee|ASDC]].

Initiating the discussion, [[Brindaban Goswami]] said that the people of Assam had brought the Congress to power expecting a clean and transparent Government. But, the present Government had drowned into several corruption scandals. He also referred to the ethnic conflict between the Demasa-Hmar group and alleged that the law and order situation had worsened in the last two years. Consequently, innocent people had been killed. Opposition parties were not allowed to function freely and even the party office of BJP was ransacked by miscreants in broad daylight. He further alleged that the Government had not taken any steps for the detection and deportation of foreigners.

In his reply, Gogoi described all the allegations made against him and his Ministry as baseless. Gogoi said that the AGP had no right to criticise the present Government as they had ruined the socio-economic condition of State when it was in power. The present Government had tried to improve the conditions and had succeeded to some extent. The Central Government had sanctioned more funds to the State for rural development and the public distribution system. He gave a detailed description of the increase in the tax collection, revenue collection and per capita income and said the State was making progress on diverse fronts. The Government had been trying its best to prevent corruption. Regarding the law and order situation, he said the situation had returned to normal and an initiative had been taken for discussion with the Demasa-Hmar and other extremist groups. The motion was debated on 8 August 2003 and was defeated by voice-vote.<ref name=":7" />

Assam's [[GSDP]] at [[Real gross domestic product|constant]] (1999-2000) prices increased 5.33 percent annually between 2002 and 2007.<ref name="The-Hindu">{{Cite web|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/other/advertorial/article30182738.ece|title=New direction|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|date=3 December 2010|last=Talukdar|first=Sushanta|access-date=6 February 2026}}</ref><ref name="The-Telegraph">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/adb-aid-opens-new-avenues/cid/253054|title=ADB aid opens new avenues|publisher=[[The Telegraph (India)]]|date=16 October 2013|last=Reporter|first=Staff|access-date=6 February 2026}}</ref>

==== Second term ====
{{Main|Second Tarun Gogoi Ministry}}

Gogoi again led Congress in the [[2006 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2006 Assam Legislative Assembly Election]] and Congress received 53 seats, 9 less than the 64 needed for a majority, Gogoi's initiative in this direction paid dividends with the Congress returning to power for the second consecutive term, albeit with lesser seats, and formed the government in alliance with its coalition partner [[Bodoland People's Front]] (BPF). During the ministry the law-and-order situation abruptly improved and the financial condition of the state improved. Gogoi gave importance to implementation of the schemes of the Central Government by different departments of the state. He also gave importance for industrialization of the state. He also took initiative to solve the insurgency problems of [[Assam]] through negotiation.

Assam's real GSDP increased 6.78 percent annually between 2007 and 2012.<ref name="The-Telegraph"/>

==== Third term ====
{{Main|Third Tarun Gogoi Ministry}}

In the [[2011 Assam Legislative Assembly election]], Gogoi again led the congress party. Congress received 78 seats with an increased majority of 25 seats. Stemming from dissent within the party that saw 32 MLAs resign, he could not get the [[Indian National Congress]] to victory in the 2016 legislative assembly elections.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=19 May 2016 |title=Gogoi fails to weave his magic: The man and his story |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/gogoi-fails-to-weave-his-magic-the-man-and-his-story-239073 |access-date=24 November 2020 |website=Tribune India}}</ref> [[Sarbananda Sonowal]] from the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] went on to win the elections and become the chief minister.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2015 |title=असम में कांग्रेस की सरकार संकट में,32 विधायकों का इस्तीफा – Anger against Tarun Gogoi increases, 32 MLAs resign -Patrika.com |url=http://archive.patrika.com/news/anger-against-tarun-gogoi-increases-32-mlas-resign/1019084 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610030355/http://archive.patrika.com/news/anger-against-tarun-gogoi-increases-32-mlas-resign/1019084 |archive-date=10 June 2015 |access-date=24 November 2020}}</ref>

Assam's real GSDP at constant (2011-12) prices increased approximately 7.6 percent annually between 2012 and 2016.<ref name="Ministry-of-Statistics-and-Programme-Implementation">{{Cite web|title=Economy of Assam|url=https://statisticstimes.com/economy/india/assam-economy.php|author=|access-date=6 February 2026|website=statisticstimes.com|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260206072839/https://statisticstimes.com/economy/india/assam-economy.php|archive-date=6 February 2026}}</ref><ref name="Times-of-India">{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/assam-pushed-behind-in-five-years-under-bjp-rule-chavan/articleshow/81665623.cms|title=Assam pushed behind in five years under BJP rule: Chavan|publisher=[[Times of India]]|date=24 March 2021|last=Kalita|first=Kangan|access-date=6 February 2026}}</ref><ref name="The-Hindu-2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/a-downward-spiral-in-assam/article34209865.ece|title=A downward spiral in Assam|publisher=The Hindu|date=1 April 2021|last1=Gowda|first1=Rajeev|last2=Satyawali|first2=Akash|access-date=6 February 2026}}</ref>

=== Political legacy ===
In his career as the chief minister of Assam, Tarun Gogoi is credited with having brought the many militant outfits operating in the state including the [[United Liberation Front of Asom|United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA)]] to the negotiating table and mitigating militant insurgency within the state. It is noted that when he started his tenure, militant insurgency was at the peak in the State with multiple bomb blasts in Guwahati triggered by ULFA, riots and violent demands for accession in the [[Bodoland Territorial Region]], and militant attacks on Hindi speakers.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|last=Singh|first=Bikash|title=Tarun Gogoi: The three-time Assam CM who broke the back of insurgency|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/tarun-gogoi-the-three-time-assam-cm-who-broke-the-back-of-insurgency/articleshow/79377286.cms|access-date=24 November 2020}}</ref> By the time he ended his tenure as the chief minister, an improved law and order and a relatively violence-free tenure were considered his legacy.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Karmakar|first=Rahul|date=23 November 2020|title=Former Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi dies aged 84|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/former-assam-chief-minister-tarun-gogoi-dies-aged-84/article33161656.ece|access-date=24 November 2020|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

He is also credited with improving the state's fiscal position, getting the state out from close to bankruptcy, and engineering an economic turnaround in the implementation of various state government-led relief schemes, particularly for the rural areas.<ref name=":3" /> His initiation of development projects in the state is credited with having stopped the flight of capital out of the state.<ref name=":4" />

Updating of the [[National Register of Citizens for Assam]] began during his tenure as the chief minister.<ref name=":4" />

Gogoi was posthumously included in the list of [[Padma Bhushan]] awardees, India's third-highest civilian honour, for 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-25|title=Republic Day 2021: Tarun Gogoi, Ram Vilas Paswan among 10 Padma Bhushan awardees|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/republic-day-2021-tarun-gogoi-ram-vilas-paswan-among-10-padma-bhushan-awardees-101611592214946.html|access-date=2021-01-25|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

==Personal life==

=== Family and interests ===
Gogoi married Dolly Gogoi, a post-graduate in zoology from [[Gauhati University]], on 30 July 1972. The couple have two children, a daughter, Chandrima Gogoi, an [[MBA]],<ref name=":3" /> and a son, [[Gaurav Gogoi]], a [[member of parliament]] from [[Kaliabor (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kaliabor]]. His son holds a degree in [[Public administration]] from the [[New York University]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Members : Lok Sabha|url=http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=4788|access-date=24 November 2020|website=164.100.47.194}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Gaurav Gogoi {{!}} NYU Wagner|url=https://wagner.nyu.edu/community/alumni/profiles/gaurav-gogoi|access-date=24 November 2020|website=wagner.nyu.edu}}</ref> His profile at the state legislature has him marked as a hobby [[Golf]]er.<ref name=":0" />

Gogoi visited several countries in his lifetime, and by 2014 had made 18 official foreign trips since 2001. Countries Gogoi visited included [[Indonesia]], [[Singapore]], [[Canada]], the [[United Kingdom|UK]], [[Italy]], [[Sri Lanka]], the [[United States|US]], [[China]], [[Switzerland]], [[France]], [[Bhutan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Spain]], [[Belgium]], [[South Korea]], [[Japan]], [[Vietnam]] and [[Thailand]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 December 2014 |title=Tarun Gogoi made 18 official foreign visits since 2001 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/tarun-gogoi-made-18-official-foreign-visits-since-2001/articleshow/45520324.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2022-05-08 |work=The Economic Times |agency=Press Trust of India}}</ref>

=== Health ===
He had had multiple heart surgeries during the latter part of his second term as the chief minister, including [[Bypass surgery]], [[Aortic valve replacement]], and a procedure to artificially enlarge the aorta, at Mumbai's [[Asian Heart Institute]]. He had an additional surgery just before the elections for his third term in 2011, to replace his [[Artificial cardiac pacemaker]].<ref name=":3" /> Gogoi had gone on to lead his party to a third term victory, recovering from these health issues.<ref name=":3" />

== Death and funeral ==

=== Illness and death ===
Gogoi tested positive for [[COVID-19]] on 25 August 2020. He was admitted to the Guwahati Medical College and Hospital on 26 August. On 31 August, after a sudden fall in oxygen saturation level, he was given a [[blood plasma]] transplant and was later stable.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tarun Gogoi, coronavirus positive, given plasma after sudden drop in oxygen level: Himanta Biswa Sarma |date=September 2020 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/tarun-gogoi-coronavirus-positive-given-plasma-after-sudden-drop-in-oxygen-level-himanta-biswa-sarma-1717243-2020-09-01 |access-date=1 September 2020 |publisher=India Today}}</ref> On 16 September, Gogoi tested negative for COVID.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-17 |title=Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi tests negative for COVID-19 |url=https://northeastlivetv.com/topnews/former-assam-cm-tarun-gogoi-tests-negative-for-covid-19/ |access-date=2022-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Saikia |first=Kalpajyoti |date=2020-09-16 |title=Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi tests negative for COVID19 |url=http://nenow.in/north-east-news/assam/former-assam-cm-tarun-gogoi-tests-negative-for-covid19.html |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=NORTHEAST NOW}}</ref> On 24 September, he was later readmitted to the [[Intensive care unit|ICU]] following post-COVID-19 complications.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-10-04 |title=Coronavirus {{!}} Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi still in ICU|work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/former-assam-cm-still-in-icu/article32766713.ece |access-date=2022-05-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-24 |title=Former Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi's health condition deteriorates, shifted to ICU in GMCH |url=http://nenow.in/north-east-news/assam/former-assam-chief-minister-tarun-gogois-health-condition-deteriorates-shifted-to-icu-in-gmch.html |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=NORTHEAST NOW}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Former Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi's Health Deteriorates, Shifted to ICU |url=https://www.guwahatiplus.com/guwahati/former-assam-chief-minister-tarun-gogoi-s-health-deteriorates-shifted-to-icu |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=guwahatiplus.com}}</ref>

On 25 October, Gogoi was discharged from hospital, though Health Minister [[Himanta Biswa Sarma]] stated his further treatment would continue at his official residence.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-10-26 |title=Tarun Gogoi in 'high spirits' 60 days after discharge from hospital: Cong. spokesperson|work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/tarun-gogoi-in-high-spirits-60-days-after-discharge-from-hospital-cong-spokesperson/article32941555.ece |access-date=2022-05-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-26 |title=Tarun Gogoi discharged from hospital after two months |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/east-and-northeast/tarun-gogoi-discharged-from-hospital-after-two-months-907342.html |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=Deccan Herald}}</ref> Gogoi was hospitalised again on 2 November after he complained of breathing problems the previous night and was immediately shifted to the ICU to put him on NIV because of high ammonia levels, a week after he had been discharged.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Former Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi hospitalised again, put on ventilator support |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/former-assam-chief-minister-tarun-gogoi-hospitalised-again-put-on-ventilator-support/articleshow/78996695.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2022-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-11-02 |title=Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi hospitalised again|work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/former-assam-cm-tarun-gogoi-hospitalised-again/article33001698.ece |access-date=2022-05-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-11-22 |title=Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi's health worsens due to post-COVID complications|work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/former-assam-cm-tarun-gogois-health-worsens-due-to-post-covid-complications/article33153347.ece |access-date=2022-05-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

On 21 November, Gogoi suffered a multi-organ failure and was on [[Kidney dialysis|dialysis]] with his [[blood pressure]] fluctuating, and was put on ventilator support.<ref>{{Cite news |agency=Press Trust of India |date=2020-11-23 |title=Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi's health worsens after post-Covid complications |work=Business Standard India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/former-assam-cm-tarun-gogoi-s-health-worsens-after-post-covid-complications-120112300290_1.html |access-date=2022-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Tribune News |title=Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi's health condition deteriorates due to post-COVID complications |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/former-assam-cm-tarun-gogois-health-condition-deteriorates-due-to-post-covid-complications-173727 |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=Tribuneindia News Service}}</ref> His son [[Gaurav Gogoi|Gaurav]], along with [[List of chief secretaries of Assam|Chief Secretary]] [[Jishnu Barua]] rushed to visit him.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-14 |title=Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi's Health Deteriorates Due To Post-Covid Complications |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-former-assam-cm-tarun-gogois-health-worsens-due-to-post-covid-complications/365006 |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=Outlook india}}</ref> Gogoi's daughter, Chandrima arrived from the [[United States|US]] on 21 November in [[Guwahati]] and arrived at [[Gauhati Medical College and Hospital|GMCH]] on 22 November to visit Gogoi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-14 |title='Remember Tarun Gogoi For His Smile, Commitment To People', Says Son Gaurav |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-remember-tarun-gogoi-for-his-smile-commitment-to-people-says-son-gaurav/365185 |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=Outlook India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title="Remember Tarun Gogoi For His Smile, Commitment To People", Says Son Gaurav |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/remember-tarun-gogoi-for-his-smile-commitment-to-people-says-son-gaurav-2329288 |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

On 23 November 2020, at 5:34 PM, Gogoi was pronounced dead at the [[Gauhati Medical College and Hospital]] due to [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]] induced complications and multiple organ failure, aged 84.<ref>{{cite news|date=23 November 2020|title=Former Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi dies at 86|website=ndtv.com|publisher=NDTV|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/former-assam-chief-minister-tarun-gogoi-dies-at-86-2329157|access-date=23 November 2020}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{cite news|date=23 November 2020|title=Former Assam chief minister Tarun Gogoi passes away at 84|website=Hindustan Times|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/former-assam-chief-minister-tarun-gogoi-passes-away-at-84/story-nTAP0tWJDNHxuIwdk9WEDI.html|access-date=23 November 2020}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=23 November 2020|title=Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi dies at 86|url=https://scroll.in/latest/979241/former-assam-cm-tarun-gogoi-dies-at-85|access-date=23 November 2020|website=[[Scroll.in]]}}</ref> His wife, Dolly, his son Gaurav and daughter Chandrima, were all at his side among other relatives.<ref name=":5" />

=== Reaction ===
Many political figures and leaders including<ref>{{Cite web |last=Indiablooms |title=Former Assam CM and Congress veteran Tarun Gogoi dies {{!}} Indiablooms – First Portal on Digital News Management |url=https://www.indiablooms.com/news-details/N/66936/former-assam-cm-and-congress-veteran-tarun-gogoi-dies.html |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=Indiablooms.com|date=24 November 2020 }}</ref> [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]], [[President of India|President]] [[Ram Nath Kovind]], [[Vice President of India|Vice President]] [[Venkaiah Naidu]], [[Rahul Gandhi]], [[List of presidents of the Indian National Congress|Congress President]] [[Sonia Gandhi]], former [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Manmohan Singh]], Congress leader in [[Rajya Sabha]] [[Mallikarjun Kharge]], Commerce minister [[Piyush Goyal]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Piyush Goyal condolences |url=https://twitter.com/piyushgoyal/status/1330858407751004160 |access-date=2022-05-07 |via=Twitter}}</ref> [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Home Minister]] [[Amit Shah]], [[Finance minister of india|Finance Minister]] [[Nirmala Sitharaman]] and [[Minister of Defence (India)|Defence Minister]] [[Rajnath Singh|Rajanath Singh]] all expressed condolences.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Political Leaders Across India Pays Tribute To Tarun Gogoi |url=https://www.pratidintime.com/latest-assam-news-breaking-news-assam/political-leaders-across-india-pays-tribute-to-tarun-gogoi |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=Pratidin Time |date=23 November 2020}}</ref> Former and incumbent chief ministers also paid tribute including [[Zoramthanga]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-23 |title=Tarun Gogoi passes away: From 'huge loss' to 'forever remembered', politicos pay tribute to ex-Assam CM |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/tarun-gogoi-passes-away-from-huge-loss-to-forever-remembered-politicos-pay-tribute-to-ex-assam-cm-9044701.html |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=Firstpost}}</ref> [[N. Biren Singh]], [[Mamata Banerjee]], [[B. S. Yediyurappa]], [[Amarinder Singh]], [[Arvind Kejriwal]], [[Ashok Gehlot]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ashok Gehlot condolences |url=https://twitter.com/ashokgehlot51/status/1330855336316522497 |access-date=2022-05-07 |via=Twitter}}</ref> [[M. K. Stalin]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=M.K. Stalin condolences |url=https://twitter.com/mkstalin/status/1330926600477569025 |access-date=2022-05-07 |via=Twitter}}</ref> [[Akhilesh Yadav]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Akhilesh Yadav condolences |url=https://twitter.com/yadavakhilesh/status/1330863717257338884 |access-date=2022-05-07 |via=Twitter}}</ref> [[Sharad Pawar]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sharad Parwar condolences |url=https://twitter.com/pawarspeaks/status/1330862262811148288 |access-date=2022-05-07 |via=Twitter}}</ref> [[Shivraj Singh Chouhan]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shivraj Singh Chouhan condolences |url=https://twitter.com/chouhanshivraj/status/1330867940606951425 |access-date=2022-05-07 |via=Twitter}}</ref> [[List of chief ministers of Assam|Chief Minister of Assam]] [[Sarbananda Sonowal]] and [[Bhumidhar Barman]]. Many other politicians including MPs, state legislators and state ministers also offered their tributes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 November 2020 |title=Tarun Gogoi's death: I feel I have lost my father, says Sarbananda Sonowal {{!}} Guwahati News |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/tarun-gogois-death-i-feel-i-have-lost-my-father-says-sarbananda-sonowal/articleshow/79386894.cms |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> In a statement, [[List of chief ministers of Assam|Chief Minister]] [[Sarbananda Sonowal]] said:<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-23 |title=Assam CM condoles the demise of former CM Tarun Gogoi |url=https://www.krctimes.com/news/assam-cm-condoles-the-demise-of-former-cm-tarun-gogoi/ |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=KRC Times}}</ref>
{{Blockquote|text="I am deeply saddened by the demise of former chief minister Tarun Gogoi. With his death, the state has lost an experienced, capable and efficient political leader. The people of Assam will always remember his committed service and contributions to the state. His sense of humour, amiable and outspoken nature attracted everyone. He set high ethical values in the field of politics with his simple life-style and contributed profusely in strengthening democratic values in the country"|author=Sarbananda Sonowal, 23 November 2020}}

=== Funeral ===
Gogoi's body was kept at Srimanta Sankardeva Kalakshetra, a cultural institution in Guwahati, for people to pay their respects. On 23 November, [[Sarbananda Sonowal]] announced a three-day state mourning for Gogoi while visiting Gogoi's remains.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-23 |title=Assam CM Sonowal declares 3-day state mourning for Tarun Gogoi, pays tribute to ex-CM |url=http://nenow.in/north-east-news/assam/assam-cm-sonowal-declares-3-day-state-mourning-for-tarun-gogoi-pays-tribute-to-ex-cm.html |access-date=2022-05-24 |website=NORTHEAST NOW}}</ref> On 25 November, Congress Leader [[Rahul Gandhi]] visited Guwahati to pay tribute to Gogoi and meet with Gogoi's family.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-25 |title=Tarun Gogoi treated me like a son, his death a personal loss: Rahul Gandhi |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/tarun-gogoi-treated-me-like-a-son-his-death-personal-loss-rahul-gandhi-7065089/ |access-date=2022-05-24 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> The funeral procession with Gogoi's mortal remains began on 26 November from Sankardeb Kalakshetra, a cultural centre in Guwahati, where his body was kept for viewing since 24 November. The remains were first taken to his official residence. Then his remains were taken to a church at Six Mile in Guwahati, then to one at Naamghar at Zoo Road after which he was taken to Burha Jame Masjid at Ambari and then to Ugratara temple near Latasil before his cremation. This was done as per Gogoi's wishes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-26 |title=Former Assam CM Tarun Gogoi's last rites performed in Guwahati with state honours |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/east-and-northeast/former-assam-cm-tarun-gogois-last-rites-performed-in-guwahati-with-state-honours-920145.html |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=Deccan Herald}}</ref>

On 26 November, the funeral rites were performed with full state honours at the Nabagraha Cremation ground in Guwahati. Gaurav Gogoi, lit the pyre after performing the rituals. Gogoi's wife Dolly, daughter Chandrima, daughter-in-law Elizabeth, and other family members placed sandalwood on the pyre before it was lit by Gaurav.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tarun Gogoi Cremated With Full State Honours After Thousands Bid Adieu to Former Assam CM |url=https://thewire.in/politics/tarun-gogoi-cremated-former-assam-cm |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=The Wire}}</ref> Many politicians were present, including Chief Minister [[Sarbananda Sonowal]], Finance Minister [[Himanta Biswa Sarma]], state BJP President [[Ranjeet Kumar Dass]] and state Congress president [[Ripun Bora]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-11-26 |title=Ex-Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi cremated|work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/ex-assam-chief-minister-tarun-gogoi-cremated/article33185707.ece |access-date=2022-05-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Bikash |title=Mortal remains of former Assam chief minister Tarun Gogoi consigned to flames |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/body-of-former-assam-chief-minister-tarun-gogoi-was-consigned-to-flames/articleshow/79429790.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2022-05-07}}</ref>

==Positions==
Sources<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Assam Legislative Assembly – Member|url=http://assamassembly.gov.in/tarun-gogoi.html|access-date=23 November 2020|website=assamassembly.gov.in}}</ref><ref name=":2" />
{{div col}}
* 1968: Member, Municipal Board, [[Jorhat]].
* 1971: Elected to 5th Lok Sabha.
* 1976: Joint Secretary, All India Congress Committee.
* 1977: Re-elected to 6th [[Lok Sabha]] (2nd term).
* 1983: Re-elected to 7th Lok Sabha (3rd term).
* 1983: Joint Secretary All India Congress Committee (AICC(I)).
* 1985: General Secretary, All India Congress Committee (AICC(I)).
* 1986–1990: President, Pradesh Congress Committee (P.C.C.(I)), Assam.
* 1991–1993: Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) Ministry of Food.
* 1993–1995: Union Minister of State (Independent Charge). Ministry of Food Processing Industry.
* 1993–1995: Member, Assam Legislative Assembly.
* 1997–1998: Elected as Member of ALA.
* 1998–99: Member, Committee on Government Assurances.
* 1998–99: Member, Committee on External Affairs.
* 1998–99: Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas.
* 1998: Re-elected to 12th Lok Sabha (5th term).
* 1999: Re-elected to 13th Lok Sabha (6th term).
* 1999–2000: Member, Committee on Railways.
* 18 May 2001: Assumed the Office of Chief Minister, [[Assam]]. (1st Term)
* Sept-2001: Elected as Member of ALA.
* 11 May 2006: Elected as Member of ALA.
* 14 May 2006: Assumed the Office of Chief Minister, Assam. (2nd Term)
* 13 May 2011: Elected as Member of ALA.
* 18 May 2011: Assumed the Office of Chief Minister, Assam. (3rd Term)
* 19 May 2016: Elected as MLA from 100 Titabar LAC.

{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Rajendranath Barua]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for [[Jorhat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jorhat]] |years=1971–1984}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Parag Chaliha]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Bhadreswar Tanti]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for [[Kaliabor (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kaliabor]] |years=1991–1996}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Keshab Mahanta]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Keshab Mahanta]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for [[Kaliabor (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kaliabor]] |years=1998–2001}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Dip Gogoi]]}}
|-
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Prafulla Kumar Mahanta]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Assam]]|years=17 May 2001 – 24 May 2016}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Sarbananda Sonowal]]}}
{{s-end}}

==External links==
* {{official website|http://www.tarungogoi.in/}}

{{Subject bar
|commons = yes
|commons-search = Category:Tarun Gogoi
|d = yes
|d-search = Q3349343
|portal1 = Biography
|portal2 = India
|portal3 = Politics
}}

{{Chief Ministers of Assam}}
{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 2020–2029}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gogoi, Tarun}}
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:Tai peoples]]
[[Category:India MPs 1971–1977]]
[[Category:India MPs 1977–1979]]
[[Category:India MPs 1980–1984]]
[[Category:India MPs 1991–1996]]
[[Category:India MPs 1998–1999]]
[[Category:India MPs 1999–2004]]
[[Category:Assam MLAs 2001–2006]]
[[Category:Assam MLAs 2006–2011]]
[[Category:Assam MLAs 2011–2016]]
[[Category:Assam MLAs 2016–2021]]
[[Category:Chief ministers of Assam]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Indian National Congress]]
[[Category:Deaths from multiple organ failure]]
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Assam]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Assam]]
[[Category:People from Jorhat district]]
[[Category:Politicians from Guwahati]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in public affairs]]
[[Category:Presidents of Assam Pradesh Congress Committee]]

Ganapathy Vanthachi

2026-03-03T04:35:59Z

KristineCharlton: started new post from scratch...

{{Short description|2006 film directed by K. S. Saravanan}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ganapathy Vanthachi
| image =

| caption =
| director = P. C. Guna
| producer = Media Jeyeshkumar
| writer = P. C. Guna
| starring = {{ubl|Udhai|Rajesh|Mathisha}}
| music = Prasad Ganesh
| cinematography = P. C. Guna
| editing = K. Velayutham
| distributor =
| studio = Prime Movie Makers
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2006|12|15}}
| runtime = 150 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Ganapathy Vanthachi''''' ({{translation|[[Ganesha|Ganapathy]] has arrived}}) is a 2006 Indian [[Tamil language]] [[comedy drama]] film directed by K. S. Saravanan. The film stars newcomers Udhai, Rajesh and Mathisha, with [[Shanmugasundaram]], [[Charle]], [[Pandu (actor)|Pandu]], P. Soundara Rajan, Balendran and Viji Ketti playing supporting roles. The film, produced by Media Jeyeshkumar, was released on 15 December 2006.

==Plot==
The film begins with the little girl Abhi and her grandfather Shanmugasundaram ([[Shanmugasundaram]]) walking along the beach. Abhi moves away from her grandfather and drowned at the beach. The kind-hearted young man Ganapathy (Udhai) who witnesses it saves Abhi from drowning. Thereafter, Abhi meets Ganapathy who is cleaning the temple and her grandmother Kamalam thanks him for saving her granddaughter's life that day and takes Ganapathy home. At her home, Ganapathy says that he is an orphan who does odd jobs for a living and Shanmugasundaram offers him a job in his big house filled with children. The new servant Ganapathy easily wins the hearts of the children in a short period of time.

Everything goes well until Ganapathy meets Raghupathi (Rajesh) who tries to enter in Shanmugasundaram's house. A few years ago, in [[Mumbai]], the poor Ganapathy struggles to find a job and the terrorist Raghupathi gives him an assignment. Ganapathy did it triumphantly but when he came to know about Raghupathi's identity, he was shocked and immediately left Mumbai. Raghupathi turns out to be Shanmugasundaram's long-lost son and he wants to stay in his father's house to hide from the police. But Ganapathy beats Raghupathi up and drives him away during the absence of Shanmugasundaram. Later, Shanmugasundaram's family friend Jyothi (Mathisha), a college student, falls in love with Ganapathy and proposes her love to him but the faithful Ganapathy who has a lot of respect for Shanmugasundaram refuses to fall in love with her.

Raghupathi comes back again to the house and Shanmugasundaram welcomes him with open arms. Raghupathi tells Shanmugasundaram that Ganapathy throws him out when Shanmugasundaram wasn't home and Shanmugasundaram orders him to throw Ganapathy out of the house, and he does so. The children who like him so much cannot forget him. Afterwards, Raghupathi has a fight with the other terrorists and Ganapathy comes to his rescue. During the fight, Ganapathy is stabbed and Raghupathi fled from the place. Later that night, Jyothi who sees the unconscious Ganapathy on the middle of the street takes him to the hospital. Raghupathi then tells everything to his father and a guilty Shanmugasundaram goes to the hospital with his family. A few days later, a healed Ganapathy returns to their house and promises that he will never leave them.

==Cast==
{{cast listing|
*Udhai as Ganapathy
*Rajesh as Raghupathi
*Mathisha as Jyothi
*[[Shanmugasundaram]] as Shanmugasundaram
*[[Charle]] as Mani
*[[Pandu (actor)|Pandu]] as Vaithi
*Soundar as Vaithi's brother
*Balendran as Kesavan
*Viji Ketti as Kamalam
*Sundari
*Jayashree as Meena
*Jeyabashini
*Baby Mona as Abhi
*Randeep
*Mani
*Gundu Shankar
*Sanjana
*Jeevanandam
*Ragul
*[[Kovai Senthil]] as Iyer
}}

==Production==
P. C. Guna made his directorial debut with ''Ganapathy Vanthachi'' under the banner of Prime Movie Makers. P. C. Guna was also in charge of story, screenplay, dialogues, and cinematography. Newcomer Udhai was selected to play the lead role while newcomer Mathisha was chosen to play his love interest. Rajesh was cast to play the second lead role. The director said, "the story revolved around an orphan Ganapathy. He finds employment as a servant in a house filled with children. The children love him. At one point, he gets thrown out of the house. The children are unable to forget him. Why he is thrown out, whether he comes back and who are responsible for his problems form the climax".<ref name="audio">{{cite web |author=Kumar |first=S. R. Ashok |date=13 June 2007 |title=Kids will love it |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/kids-will-love-it/article3194341.ece |access-date=12 September 2019 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref name="review">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/botched-by-poor-handling-ganapathi-vanthachu/article3231778.ece|title=Botched by poor handling|date=22 December 2006|access-date=12 September 2019|author=S. R. Ashok Kumar|work=The Hindu}}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album|
| name = Ganapathy Vanthachi
| type = [[soundtrack]]
| artist = Prasad and Ganesh
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2006
| recorded = 2006
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 31:07
| label = New Music
| producer = Prasad Ganesh
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}

The film score and the soundtrack were composed by Prasad and Ganesh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ganapathy Vanthachu Tamil Audio Cassette By Prasadganesh |url=https://banumass.com/product/tamil-audio-cassette/tamil-audio-cassettes/ganapathy-vanthachu-tamil-audio-cassette-by-prasadganesh/ |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Banumass |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/ganapathi-vanthachu/-bVnQXCVO,s_|title=Ganapathi Vanthachu Songs|date=January 2006 |access-date=12 September 2019|publisher=jiosaavn.com}}</ref> The audio was released in June 2006, director [[S. P. Muthuraman]] released the first cassette and CD and producer [[A. M. Rathnam]] received it.<ref name="audio"/>

{{track listing|
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| headline = Track listing
| total_length = 31:07
| title1 = Aadi Varar
| extra1 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], Veeramani Raju, Prabhakar, Sudha Devi
| lyrics1 = Veera Adithyan
| length1 = 5:34
| title2 = Antha Vanam
| extra2 = Krishnaraj
| lyrics2 = S. R. Pavalan
| length2 = 4:49
| title3 = Kanmani Paramma
| extra3 = [[Mano (singer)|Mano]]
| lyrics3 = S. R. Pavalan
| length3 = 5:00
| title4 = Kannan Pol
| extra4 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| lyrics4 = Palani Bharathi
| length4 = 5:07
| title5 = Katru Vanthu
| extra5 = Kovai Subha
| lyrics5 = Prasad
| length5 = 5:00
| title6 = Sutti Sutti
| extra6 = Pradeep
| lyrics6 = S. R. Pavalan
| length6 = 5:37
}}

==Reception==
S. R. Ashok Kumar of ''[[The Hindu]]'' said, "Udhay as Ganapathi has done a good job, showing the right emotions at the right time. It is a cakewalk for the seasoned artistes, Shanmugasundaram and Pandu. Charlie, with his potential for both sentiment and humour, has not been fully utilised. Madisha is yet to learn the ropes of acting" and concluded with, "the director has lost all the good work put in by the actors and also the technicians mainly due to inept handling of the story".<ref name="review"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title}}

[[Category:2006 comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:2006 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2006 Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:2006 directorial debut films]]

Kamala Wildlife Sanctuary

2026-02-22T23:48:41Z

KristineCharlton: Adding a data first draft...

{{Infobox protected area
| name = Kamala Wildlife Sanctuary
| alt_name =
| iucn_category = IV
| iucn_ref =
| image =
| image_caption =
| map = India Arunachal Pradesh#India
| relief = 1
| mapframe = Yes
| coordinates = {{coord|27|38|30|N|96|37|45|E|display=inline,title}}
| coords_ref =
| established = 1 June 2015
| area_km2 = 77.607
| elevation =
| nearest_city = [[Daporijo]]
| governing_body =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Kamala Wildlife Sanctuary''' is a [[Protected areas of India|protected area]] and [[List of wildlife sanctuaries of India|wildlife sanctuary]] located in [[Upper Subansiri district]] of the [[States and union territories of India|Indian state]] of [[Arunachal Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wii.gov.in/eia/wildlife_database/arunachal_pradesh|title=Wildlife sanctuaries in Arunachal Pradesh|work=[[Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change]], [[Government of India]]|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> The sanctuary covers an area of {{cvt|77.607|km2}} and was declared as a protected area on 1 June 2015.<ref name="Compendium">{{cite report|url=https://tourism.gov.in/sites/default/files/2023-04/9%20Compendium%20Book_2021_Low%20%281%29%20%282%29.pdf|title=National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in India|work=[[Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change]], [[Government of India]]|date=November 2021|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|url=https://arunachaltourism.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/widlife.pdf|title=Wildlife of Arunachal Pradesh|work=[[Government of Arunachal Pradesh]]|access-date=1 June 2024|page=9}}</ref>

The protected area consists of a mixture of [[tropical forests|tropical]], [[temperate forest|temperate]] and [[Mountain|alpine]] forests. Fauna found in the sanctuary include [[leopard]], [[Indian elephant]], [[Bengal tiger]], [[snow leopard]], [[clouded leopard]], [[hoolock gibbon]], [[stump-tailed macaque]], [[wild boar]], [[Indian civet]], [[capped langur]], [[giant flying squirrel]], [[great hornbill]], and [[antelopes]].<ref name="Compendium"/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

{{Protected Areas of India}}

[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Arunachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Upper Subansiri district]]
[[Category:2015 establishments in Arunachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 2015]]

Navy Children School

2026-02-21T01:49:32Z

KristineCharlton: quick cleaned up lead further and corrected details

{{one source|date=October 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox school
| image = Navy Children School (logo).jpg
| image_size = 100px
| name = Navy Children School
| motto = ज्ञानेन शोभते Knowledge is the Only Good
| established = 1965
| country = India
| school_board = [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE)
| authority = Navy Education Society
| website = [https://ncsdelhi.nesnavy.in/ ncsdelhi.nesnavy.in/]
}}
[[File:Honorary Captain Yogendra Singh Yadav (Retd) at an interactive session organised by the Navy Children School, Coimbatore 02.jpg|thumb|Honorary Captain Yogendra Singh Yadav (Retd) at an interactive session organised by the Navy Children School, Coimbatore]]
'''Navy Children School''' (NCS) is a chain of schools across [[India]] administered by the [[Navy Education Society]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nesnavy.in/Website/index.html|title=Navy Education Society|website=www.nesnavy.in|access-date=2019-12-03|archive-date=3 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203061234/http://www.nesnavy.in/Website/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The school began as '''Naval School''' on 2 August 1965 with the first branch at Delhi, but changed its name to '''Naval Public School''' in 1985 and then '''Navy Children School''' in 2005.

The school is affiliated with the [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]] and has classes up to XII.

==Branches==
The school has these branches across India:
* [https://ncsdelhi.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Delhi]
* [https://ncsportblair.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Port Blair]
* [https://ncsarakkonam.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Arakkonam]
* [https://ncskarwar.com/ Navy Children School Karwar]
* [https://ncskochi.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Kochi]
* [https://ncsvizagnsb.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Visakhapatnam]
* [https://ncsgoa.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Goa]
* [https://www.ncsmumbai.com/ Navy Children School Mumbai]
* [https://ncskaranja.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Karanja]
* [https://ncscoimbatore.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Coimbatore]
* [https://ncsporbandar.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Porbandar]
* [https://ncskarwar.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Karwar]
* [https://ncsezhimala.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Ezhimala]
* [https://ncsokha.nesnavy.in/ Navy Children School Okha]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110207183141/http://ncsnavy.com/ Navy Education Society ]

[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1965]]
[[Category:Schools in Delhi]]
[[Category:Indian Navy]]
[[Category:1965 establishments in India]]

{{Delhi-school-stub}}

Jainism in India

2026-02-15T19:33:58Z

KristineCharlton:

{{Short description|India's sixth-largest religion}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox religious group
| group=Indian Jains
| image=File:Jain Temple Ranakpur.jpg
| caption=[[Ranakpur Jain temple]]
| pop ={{increase}} 4,451,753 ([[2011 Census of India|2011]])<ref name="census2011">{{cite web|title=Population by religion community – 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=Census of India, 2011|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825155850/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS|archive-date=25 August 2015}}</ref> '''0.40%''' (of the total population of India)
| languages='''[[Prakrit]]''' {{small|(sacred)}}
 [[Languages of India|Indian languages]] {{small|(according to the region)}}
|pop4=567,028|founder= |flag_caption=Flag for Indian Jains|flag=File:In-jain.png
|pop7= 166,231 |region7=[[Jainism in Delhi | Delhi]]
|pop6=213,267|region6=[[Jainism in Uttar Pradesh |Uttar Pradesh]]
|pop5=440,280|region5=[[Jainism in Karnataka|Karnataka]]|region3=[[Jainism in Gujarat|Gujarat]]|region4=[[Madhya Pradesh]]|pop3=579,654|region2=[[Jainism in Rajasthan|Rajasthan]]|pop2=622,023|pop1=1,400,349|region1=[[Jainism in Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]|religions=[[Jainism]]}}
[[Jainism]] is [[India]]'s [[Religion in India|sixth-largest religion]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140121/jsp/nation/story_17847192.jsp#.VGCbxPmUeSo|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124170154/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140121/jsp/nation/story_17847192.jsp#.VGCbxPmUeSo|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 January 2014|title=National minority status for Jains|work=The Telegraph}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-jains-become-sixth-minority-community-1954568|title=Jains become sixth minority community|date=21 January 2014 |work=DNAIndia.com}}</ref> As per the [[2011 census of India|census of 2011]], there were 4,451,753 and counting [[Jains]] in the 1.35 billion population of India, the majority living in [[Maharashtra]], [[Rajasthan]], [[Gujarat]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Karnataka]], and so on. However, the influence of Jainism has been far greater on Indian and the [[South Asia|South Asian]] population than these numbers suggest. Jains can be found in every state and every union territories of India, varying from large societies to smaller. The state of [[Jharkhand]], with a population of 16,301 and counting Jains also contains the most holy pilgrimage centre of [[Shikharji|Sammed Shikhar]]. ''Indian Jains'' can also be found in many other countries throughout the world.

==History==
{{main|History of Jainism}}
Jain doctrine teaches that Jainism has always existed and will always exist.{{sfn|Glasenapp|1999|p=15}}{{sfn|Dundas|2002|p=12}}<ref>Varni, Jinendra; Ed. Prof. Sagarmal Jain, Translated Justice T.K. Tukol and Dr. Narendra Bhandari. ''{{IAST|Samaṇ Suttaṁ}}.'' New Delhi: Bhagwan Mahavir memorial Samiti. "The Historians have so far fully recognized the truth that Tirthankara Mahavira was not the founder of the religion. He was preceded by many tirthankaras. He merely reiterated and rejuvenated that religion. It is correct that history has not been able to trace the origin of the Jaina religion; but historical evidence now available and the result of dispassionate researches in literature have established that Jainism is undoubtedly an ancient religion." Pp. xii – xiii of introduction by Justice T. K.Tutkol and Dr. K. K. Dixit.</ref>{{sfn|Glasenapp|1999|p=24}}{{sfn|Dundas|2002|p=17}} Like most ancient [[Indian religions]], Jainism has its roots from the [[Indus Valley civilization]], reflecting native spirituality prior to the [[Indo-Aryan migration]] into India.<ref>Larson, Gerald James (1995); ''India’s Agony Over Religion''; SUNY Press; p. 27; {{ISBN|0-7914-2412-X}}. "There is some evidence that Jain traditions may be even older than the Buddhist traditions, possibly going back to the time of the Indus valley civilization, and that Vardhamana rather than being a 'founder' per se was, rather, simply a primary spokesman for much older tradition."</ref><ref>Beversluis, Joel Diederik (2000); in: ''Sourcebook of the World's Religions: An Interfaith Guide to Religion and Spirituality''; Novato, California: New World Library; {{ISBN|1577311213}} Originating on the Indian sub-continent, Jainism is one of the oldest religion of its homeland and indeed the world, having pre-historic origins before 3000 BC and the propagation of Indo-Aryan culture.... p. 81</ref><ref>Jainism by Mrs. [[Natalya Romanovna Guseva|N.R. Guseva]] p.44</ref> Other scholars suggested the [[Shramana]] traditions were separate and contemporaneous with Indo-Aryan religious practices of the [[historical Vedic religion]].<ref>{{cite book | title=Jainism: An Introduction |publisher=I. B. Tauris |last=Long |first=Jeffrey D. |date=2009 |location=New York |pages=45–56 |isbn=9781845116262}}</ref> In August 2005, the [[Supreme Court of India]] ruled that Jainism, [[Sikhism]] (and [[Buddhism]]) are distinct religions but are inter-connected and inter-related to [[Hinduism]], so these three are part of wider broader Hindu religion, based on the historic background on how the [[Constitution of India|Constitution]] had come into existence after.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jains, Sikhs part of broader Hindu religion, says SC |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050811/nation.htm#1 |first=S. S. |last=Negi |date=11 August 2005|publisher=Tribune|access-date=11 August 2005}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CASE NO.:Appeal (civil) 4730 of 1999 PETITIONER:Bal Patil & Anr. RESPONDENT:Union of India & Ors. DATE OF JUDGMENT: 08/08/2005|url=http://judis.nic.in/supremecourt/imgs1.aspx?filename=27098 |access-date=9 May 2015 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234442/http://judis.nic.in/supremecourt/imgs1.aspx?filename=27098|url-status=dead}}</ref> However, in the 2006 verdict, the Supreme Court found that the "Jain Religion is indisputably not a part of the Hindu Religion".<ref>{{cite web |title=Supreme Court of India Committee of Management Kanya ... vs Sachiv, U. P. Basic Shiksha ... on 21 August, 2006. Author: D. Bhandari Bench: S. B. Sinha, Dalveer Bhandari |url=http://indiankanoon.org/doc/1241984/}}</ref><ref>para 25, Committee of Management Kanya Junior High School Bal Vidya Mandir, Etah, Uttar Pradesh v. Sachiv, U.P. Basic Shiksha Parishad, Allahabad, U.P. and Ors., Per Dalveer Bhandari J., Civil Appeal No. 9595 of 2003, decided On: 21.08.2006, Supreme Court of India</ref>

==Status in India==
On January 20, 2014, the [[Government of India]] awarded the minority status to the Jain community in India, as per Section 2(c) of the [[National Commission for Minorities]] (NCM) Act (NCM), 1992. This made the Jain community, which makes for 9.5 million or 0.72 percent of the population as per 2011 census, the sixth community to be designated this status as a "national minority", after Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, and [[Parsis]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/fMzSdy9is9fL2R9QBwWA3I/Govt-grants-minority-status-to-Jain-community.html|title=Govt grants minority status to Jain community |work=livemint.com/ |date=20 January 2014}}</ref> Though Jains already had minority status in 11 states of India including Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Rajasthan, in 2005 a petition was filed with Supreme Court of India, by community representatives, which was also backed by the National Minorities Commission. In its judgement the court left the decision to the Central government.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jains granted minority status|work=The Hindu |url= http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/jains-granted-minority-status/article5598368.ece |date=21 January 2014 |access-date=21 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Eye on votes, UPA gives Jain community minority status |work=Hindustan Times |url= http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/after-long-struggle-jains-get-minority-tag/article1-1174960.aspx |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140120202313/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/after-long-struggle-jains-get-minority-tag/article1-1174960.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 January 2014 |date=20 January 2014 |access-date=21 January 2014}}</ref>

==Jainism by state==
Jainism as a religion exists throughout India. Jainism also varies from state to state, but the core values are the same.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Percentage of Jain population by state and union territory (2011 Census)
|-
! State or union territory !! Jain population !! Total population !! Percentage Jain (%)
|-
| [[Jainism in Maharashtra|Maharashtra]] || 1,400,349 || 112,374,333 || 1.25
|-
| [[Jainism in Rajasthan|Rajasthan]] || 622,023 || 68,548,437 || 0.91
|-
| [[Jainism in Gujarat|Gujarat]] || 579,654 || 60,439,692 || 0.96
|-
| [[Jainism in Madhya Pradesh|Madhya Pradesh]] || 567,028 || 72,626,809 || 0.78
|-
| [[Jainism in Karnataka|Karnataka]] || 440,280 || 61,095,297 || 0.72
|-
| [[Jainism in Delhi|Delhi]] || 166,231 || 16,787,941 || 0.99
|-
| [[Jainism in Uttar Pradesh|Uttar Pradesh]] || 213,267 || 199,812,341 || 0.11
|-
| [[Jainism in Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu]] || 89,265 || 72,147,030 || 0.12
|-
| [[Jainism in Chhattisgarh|Chhattisgarh]] || 61,510 || 25,545,198 || 0.24
|-
| [[Jainism in West Bengal|West Bengal]] || 60,141 || 91,276,115 || 0.07
|-
| [[Jainism in Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh]] || 53,849 || 49,577,103 || 0.11
|-
| [[Jainism in Haryana|Haryana]] || 52,613 || 25,351,462 || 0.21
|-
| [[Jainism in Punjab|Punjab]] || 45,040 || 27,743,338 || 0.16
|-
| [[Jainism in Assam|Assam]] || 25,949 || 31,205,576 || 0.08
|-
| [[Jainism in Bihar|Bihar]] || 18,914 || 104,099,452 || 0.02
|-
| [[Jainism in Jharkhand|Jharkhand]] || 14,974 || 32,988,134 || 0.05
|}

'''Source:''' Data compiled from the Census of India 2011.<ref>Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. "Census of India 2011: Religion Data".</ref>

==Census of India, 2011==
[[File:District wise Jain population percentage India census 2011.png|thumb|left|District wise Jain population percentage India census 2011]]
{{bar box
|title=Jain population in India by State (2011)<ref name="census2011"/>
|titlebar=
|left1=State
|right1=Jains
|float=right
|width=
|bars=
{{bar pixel|[[Maharashtra]]|gold|140||1,400,349}}
{{bar pixel|[[Rajasthan]]|silver|62.2||622,023}}
{{bar pixel|[[Gujarat]]|lime|58||579,654}}
{{bar pixel|[[Madhya Pradesh]]|Burlywood|56.7||567,028}}
{{bar pixel|[[Karnataka]]|navy|44||440,280}}
{{bar pixel|[[Uttar Pradesh]]|black|21.3||213,267}}
{{bar pixel|[[Delhi]]|Green|16.6||166,231}}
{{bar pixel|[[Tamil Nadu]]|red|8.9||89,265}}
{{bar pixel|[[Chhattisgarh]]|DodgerBlue|6.2||61,510}}
{{bar pixel|[[West Bengal]]|aqua|6||60,141}}
{{bar pixel|[[Andhra Pradesh]]|yellow|5.4||53,849}}
{{bar pixel|[[Haryana]]|olive|5.3||52,613}}
{{bar pixel|[[Punjab, India|Punjab]]|DarkOrange|4.5||45,040}}
{{bar pixel|[[Assam]]|fuchsia|2.6||25,949}}
{{bar pixel|[[Bihar]]|LimeGreen|1.9||18,914}}
{{bar pixel|[[Jharkhand]]|maroon|1.5||14,974}}
{{bar pixel|Other states|grey|4.1||40,666}}
}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"
|-
|+[[List of districts in India|Indian districts]] having more than 1% Jains in 2011 Census<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html/ |title=Census of India : C-1 Population by Religious Community |access-date=26 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150827210435/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html |archive-date=27 August 2015}}</ref>
|-
!District!!State!!Jain Population (approximate)!!Total population!!Jain Percentage (%)
|-
| [[Mumbai City district]]
| rowspan="6"| [[Maharashtra]]
| 166,000
| 3,085,411
| 5.38%
|-
| [[Kolhapur district]]
| 154,882
| 3,876,001
| 4.00%
|-
| [[Mumbai Suburban district]]
| 343,639
| 9,356,962
| 3.67%
|-
| [[Sangli district]]
| 87,453
| 2,822,143
| 3.10%
|-
| [[Thane district]]
| 172,052
| 11,060,148
| 1.56%
|-
| [[Pune district]]
| 127,786
| 9,429,408
| 1.36%
|-
| [[Udaipur district]]
| rowspan="13"| [[Rajasthan]]
| 78,647
| 3,068,420
| 2.56%
|-
| [[Ajmer district]]
| 45,614
| 2,583,052
| 1.77%
|-
| [[Chittorgarh district]]
| 25,843
| 1,544,338
| 1.67%
|-
| [[Tonk district]]
| 22,458
| 1,421,326
| 1.58%
|-
| [[Bhilwara district]]
| 35,149
| 2,408,523
| 1.46%
|-
| [[Kota district]]
| 25,742
| 1,951,014
| 1.32%
|-
| [[Barmer district]]
| 34,010
| 2,603,751
| 1.31%
|-
| [[Bikaner district]]
| 30,850
| 2,363,937
| 1.31%
|-
| [[Rajsamand district]]
| 14,966
| 1,156,597
| 1.29%
|-
| [[Banswara district]]
| 22,613
| 1,797,485
| 1.26%
|-
| [[Jaipur district]]
| 81,079
| 6,626,178
| 1.22%
|-
| [[Bundi district]]
| 13,455
| 1,110,906
| 1.21%
|-
| [[Dungarpur district]]
| 16,141
| 1,388,552
| 1.16%
|-
| [[Ahmedabad district]]
| rowspan="5"| [[Gujarat]]
| 209,287
| 7,214,225
| 2.90%
|-
| [[Surat district]]
| 112,835
| 6,081,322
| 1.86%
|-
| [[Surendranagar district]]
| 22,992
| 1,585,268
| 1.31%
|-
| [[Kutch district]]
| 25,312
| 2,092,371
| 1.21%
|-
| [[Navsari district]]
| 13,386
| 1,329,672
| 1.01%
|-
| [[Sagar district]]
| rowspan="14"| [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| 62,992
| 2,378,458
| 2.65%
|-
| [[Indore district]]
| 71,667
| 3,276,697
| 2.19%
|-
| [[Ratlam district]]
| 29,353
| 1,455,069
| 2.02%
|-
| [[Damoh district]]
| 25,005
| 1,264,219
| 1.98%
|-
| [[Ashoknagar district]]
| 15,094
| 845,071
| 1.79%
|-
| [[Neemuch district]]
| 14,165
| 826,067
| 1.71%
|-
| [[Mandsaur district]]
| 19,029
| 1,340,411
| 1.42%
|-
| [[Jabalpur district]]
| 33,728
| 2,463,289
| 1.37%
|-
| [[Vidisha district]]
| 18,490
| 1,458,875
| 1.27%
|-
| [[Ujjain district]]
| 24,622
| 1,986,864
| 1.24%
|-
| [[Bhind district]]
| 19,950
| 1,703,005
| 1.17%
|-
| [[Bhopal district]]
| 25,950
| 2,371,061
| 1.09%
|-
| [[Guna district]]
| 13,474
| 1,241,519
| 1.09%
|-
| [[Tikamgarh district]]
| 15,569
| 1,445,166
| 1.08%
|-
| [[Belagavi district]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Karnataka]]
| 178,310
| 4,779,661
| 3.73%
|-
| [[Dharwad district]]
| 29,037
| 1,847,023
| 1.57%
|-
| [[Bagalkot district]]
| 25,198
| 1,889,752
| 1.33%
|-
| [[Lalitpur district, India|Lalitpur district]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| 20,390
| 1,221,592
| 1.67%
|-
| [[Bagpat district]]
| 16,139
| 1,303,048
| 1.24%
|-
| [[East Delhi]]
| rowspan="5"| [[Delhi]]
| 46,927
| 1,709,346
| 2.75%
|-
| [[North Delhi]]
| 13,049
| 887,978
| 1.47%
|-
| [[North West Delhi]]
| 43,460
| 3,656,539
| 1.19%
|-
| [[North East Delhi]]
| 24,673
| 2,241,624
| 1.10%
|-
| [[Central Delhi]]
| 5,886
| 582,320
| 1.01%
|-
| [[Chennai district]]
| [[Tamil Nadu]]
| 51,708
| 4,646,732
| 1.11%
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|+ Literacy in India by religion<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2016 |title=Jains most literate in North, Muslims the least |url= https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/jains-most-literate-in-north-muslims-the-least/story-iKno2PywCvEZbGmguNFg2N.html |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
|-
!Religion!!Literacy Rate
|-
|align=left|[[Jain]]||94.9
|-
|align=left|[[Christianity|Christian]]||84.5
|-
|align=left|[[Buddhist]]||81.3
|-
|align=left|[[Sikh]]||75.4
|-
|align=left|[[Hindu]]||73.3
|-
|align=left|[[Muslim]]||68.5
|-
|}

{{clear}}

==See also==
{{Portal|India}}
*[[List of Jain temples]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
* {{citation |last=Dundas |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Dundas |title=The Jains |url=https://www.mlbd.co.in/shop/jainism-books |edition=2nd |date=2002 |orig-year=1992 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=041526605X |location=London / New York}}
* {{citation |last=Glasenapp |first=Helmuth Von |author-link=Helmuth von Glasenapp |others=Shridhar B. Shrotri (trans.) |title=Jainism: An Indian Religion of Salvation |date=1999 |location=Delhi |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=WzEzXDk0v6sC |isbn=8120813766}}
* Elst, K. (2002). ''Who is a Hindu?: Hindu revivalist views of Animism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and other offshoots of Hinduism''. {{ISBN|9788185990743}}

{{Asia in topic|Jainism in}}
{{Jainism topics}}
{{Religion in India topics}}

[[Category:Jainism in India| ]]
[[Category:Jain communities]]

Faiz Muhammad Khan Talpur I

2026-02-12T21:59:11Z

KristineCharlton: started new post initial version...

{{short description|Mir of Khaipur (1894 - 1909)}}
{{infobox royalty
| name = Faiz Muhammad Khan Talpur
| title = Wali-e-Mumlikat-e-Khudadad-e-Khairpur
| succession = [[Mir (title)|Mir]] of [[Khairpur (princely state)|Khairpur]]
| reign = 2 April 1894 – 6 March 1909
| predecessor = Ali Murad Khan
| successor = [[Mir Imam Bakhsh Khan Talpur|Imam Bakhsh Khan]]
| birth_date = {{circa|1835}}
| death_date = 6 March 1909
| issue = {{unbulleted list|[[Mir Imam Bakhsh Khan Talpur|Imam Bakhsh Khan]]|Ahmad Ali Khan|}}
| full name = Mir Faiz Muhammad Khan Talpur I
| house = {{flagicon image|Khairpurflag.png}} [[Khairpur (princely state)|Khairpur]]
| father = Ali Murad Khan Talpur
| dynasty = [[Talpur_dynasty#Sohrabani_Talpurs_of_Khairpur|Talpur]]
}}
[[Sir]] '''Faiz Muhammad Khan Talpur''' {{small|[[Order of the Indian Empire|GCIE]]}} ({{Langx|sd|فيض محمد خان ٽالپر}}) was the [[Mir (title)|Mir]] of [[Khairpur (princely state)|Khairpur]] from 1894 until his death in 1909.

==Biography==
He was born in 1835 to Ali Murad Khan, the [[Mir (title)|Mir]] of [[Khairpur (princely state)|Khairpur]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Lethbridge |first=Sir Roper |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Golden_Book_of_India_A_Genealogical/zykYAAAAYAAJ |title=The Golden Book of India. A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes, Chiefs, Nobles, and Other Personages, Titled Or Decorated, of the Indian Empire. With an Appendix for Ceylon |date=1900 |publisher=S. Low, Marston & Company |pages=138 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Debrett_s_Illustrated_Peerage_and_Barone/DQApiSlr4rEC |title=Debrett's Illustrated Peerage and Baronetage, Titles of Courtesy and the Knightage |date=1902 |publisher=Kelly's Directories |pages=747 |language=en}}</ref> Upon the death of his father on 2 April 1894, he succeeded him as [[Mir (title)|Mir]] of [[Khairpur (princely state)|Khairpur]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Dept |first=India Foreign and Political |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Collection_of_Treaties_Engagements_and/Xz1eQIW2c9gC |title=A Collection of Treaties, Engagements and Sanads, Relating to India and Neighbouring Countries |date=1909 |publisher=Superintendent Government Printing, India |pages=335 |language=en}}</ref> During his reign, he introduced a series of reforms that brought his state in line with other progressive ones and were instrumental in increasing [[Khairpur (princely state)|Khairpur]]'s revenue many times over compared to the level at the time of his succession.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Commons |first=Great Britain Parliament House of |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Parliamentary_Papers/3fhDAQAAMAAJ |title=Parliamentary Papers: 1850-1908 |date=1903 |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |pages=45–46 |language=en}}</ref> In the first eight years of his reign, [[Khairpur (princely state)|Khairpur]]'s revenue increased by over 100%.<ref name=":2" /> He constructed new canals and improved existing ones.<ref name=":2" /> He built roads, bridges, wells, rest houses for travelers, and tanks.<ref name=":2" /> He established academic and industrial schools that provided education free of charge.<ref name=":2" /> He also established several medical institutions, such as dispensaries and hospitals, where both medicine and consultations were provided free of charge.<ref name=":2" /> He reformed the entire justice system in his dominion and established several courts where justice was imparted impartially.<ref name=":2" />
[[File:Mir of Khairpur with his entourage.jpg|thumb|H.H. the Mir Sir Faiz Muhammad Khan I Talpur of Khairpur (seated, front row) with members of his entourage.]]
On 20 June 1897, on the occasion of [[Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria|Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee]], he was made a [[Grand Cross|Knight Grand Commander]] of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]].<ref name=":0" /> [[Lord Curzon]], then [[Governor-General of India|Viceroy and Governor-General of India]], invited him via letter to attend the [[Delhi Durbar]] on 1 January 1903, which was organized to celebrate the accession of [[Edward VII]] as [[Emperor of India]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.7733 |title=History of the Delhi Coronation Durbar : held on the first of January 1903 to celebrate the Coronation of his Majesty King Edward vii Emperor of India |date=1904 |publisher=John Murray Albemarle, London |pages=1–15,26–27,77,89}}</ref> He participated in the State Entry into [[Delhi]] on 29 December 1902.<ref name=":3" /> His camp, on the occasion, was situated between the [[Rajput|Rajputs]] on one side and the [[Baloch people|Baluchis]] on the other.<ref name=":3" /> It consisted of a large durbar tent with stained-glass windows.<ref name=":3" /> He attended the durbar exhibition.<ref name=":3" /> In 1906, the number of [[Gun salute|gun salutes]] he received was increased from 15 to 17 as a mark of personal distinction.<ref name=":1" />
He married and had two sons: [[Mir Imam Bakhsh Khan Talpur|Imam Bakhsh Khan]] and Ahmad Ali Khan.<ref name=":1" /> He died on 6 March 1909, and his son, [[Mir Imam Bakhsh Khan Talpur|Imam Bakhsh Khan]], succeeded him as [[Mir (title)|Mir]] of [[Khairpur (princely state)|Khairpur]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Vadivelu |first=A. |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Ruling_Chiefs_Nobles_and_Zamindars_o/LfoxAQAAMAAJ |title=The Ruling Chiefs, Nobles and Zamindars of India |date=1915 |publisher=G.C. Loganadham |pages=172–173 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.03014/11783.E33004_Imperial_Coronation_Durbar_1911%252C_Vol-I/ |title=Imperial coronation durbar 1911 |date=1911 |publisher=The Imperial Publishing, Lahore |pages=110}}</ref>

==References==
<references />
[[Category: 1835 births]]
[[Category: 1909 deaths]]
[[Category: Mirs of Khairpur]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]]

Sampath (actor)

2026-02-11T06:56:12Z

KristineCharlton: small fix

{{short description|Indian film actor}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sampath
| image = Actor Sampath.jpeg
| caption = Sampath (''left'') in ''[[Badavara Bandhu]]'' (1976)
| birth_date = 1904
| birth_place = [[Mysore state]], [[British India]]
| death_date = 17 January {{death year and age|1983|1904}}
| death_place =
| occupation = Actor
| other_names = Cheluvayyangar
| spouse =
| children =
}}

'''Mavinakere Srinivasayyangar Cheluvayyangar''', better known by his stage name '''Sampath''', was an Indian actor known for his work in [[Kannada cinema]] as a [[character actor]].<ref>{{cite book |title= Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema - Sampath (Kannada actor) - 349 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=SLkABAAAQBAJ&q=sampath+kannada+actor&pg=PT227 |url-status= live |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20180320170454/https://books.google.com/books?id=SLkABAAAQBAJ&pg=PT227&lpg=PT227&dq=sampath+kannada+actor&source=bl&ots=VCZrOyvt6g&sig=NXS3cu5rvF4A3nvr5SqMsBCBmLM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwimnZSZj_rZAhWKQo8KHQelCs84ChDoAQgqMAE#v=onepage&q=sampath%20kannada%20actor&f=false |archivedate= 2018-03-20 |isbn = 9781135943189|last1 = Rajadhyaksha|first1 = Ashish|last2 = Willemen|first2 = Paul|date = 10 July 2014| publisher=Routledge }}</ref> After beginning his career with a [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film ''Rajalakshmi'' in the 1930s, Sampath took a break, before working in Kannada and English [[Play (theatre)|plays]] for a major part of 1940s. His Kannada film debut with ''Bharathi'' (1949).<ref>{{cite web |title="ಹಿರಿಯ ನಟ ಸಂಪತ್ ಮಗನ ಮನೆಗೆ ಭೇಟಿ-ಮಗನ ಜೊತೆ ಮಾತುಕತೆ"-Ep01-Kannada Actor Sampath LIFE-kalamadhyama-#param |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CKV5_NRsWIo |website=Kalamadhyama Media Works | date=22 December 2021 |access-date=18 August 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Some of his notable films include ''[[Gandhada Gudi]]'' (1973), ''[[Sri Srinivasa Kalyana]]'' (1974), ''[[Bhakta Kumbara]]'' (1974), ''[[Eradu Kanasu (1974 film)|Eradu Kanasu]]'' (1974) and ''[[Badavara Bandhu]]'' (1983).

==Career==
Sampath has been part of more than 130 films in Kannada.{{Citation needed|date=February 2022}} His combinations in films, with actor [[Dr. Rajkumar]] gained popularity.<ref>{{cite web |title= Sampath |url= http://www.hungama.com/artist/sampath/111193/ |publisher= hungama.com |url-status= live |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20180320172147/http://www.hungama.com/artist/sampath/111193/ |archivedate= 2018-03-20 }}</ref>

==Selected filmography==
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* ''Bharathi'' (1949)
* ''Dallali'' (1952)
* ''Chintamani'' (1957)
* ''[[Nakkare Ade Swarga]]'' (1967)
* ''[[Dhana Pishachi]]'' (1967)...Rama Rao
* ''[[Sarvamangala]]'' (1968)
* ''[[Margadarshi]]'' (1969)...Chennayya
* ''[[Mallammana Pavaada]]'' (1969)...landlord
* ''Madhura Milana'' (1969)
* ''[[Gejje Pooje]]'' (1969)
* ''Rangamahal Rahasya'' (1970)
* ''[[Modala Rathri]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Modala Rathri (1970) Kannada movie: Cast & Crew |url=https://chiloka.com/movie/modala-rathri-1970 |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=chiloka.com}}</ref> (1970)...Ramakrishnayya
* ''[[Paropakari]]'' (1970)...Veeranna
* ''[[Devara Makkalu]]'' (1970)...Krishnaswamy
* ''[[Thayi Devaru]]'' (1971)...Paramashivayya
* ''Sothu Geddavalu'' (1971)...Rao Bahadur Shivarudrappa
* ''[[Nyayave Devaru]]'' (1971)
* ''[[Sri Krishna Rukmini Satyabhama]]'' (1971)
* ''[[Kula Gourava]]'' (1971)...Thimme Gowda
* ''[[Baala Bandana]]'' (1971)...Chandrashekhar Rao
* ''[[Nari Munidare Mari]]'' (1972)...Seetharamaiah
* ''Uttara Dakshina'' (1972)
* ''[[Bala Panjara]]'' (1972)...Ramanna
* ''[[Bidugade]]'' (1973)...Sadashiva Rao
* ''[[Onde Roopa Eradu Guna]]'' (1975)
* ''[[Mayura (film)|Mayura]]'' (1975)...Veerasharma
* ''[[Thrimurthy]]'' (1975)...Rajaram
* ''[[Daari Tappida Maga]]'' (1975)
* ''[[Katha Sangama (1976 film)|Katha Sangama]]'' (1976)
* ''[[Premada Kanike]]'' (1976)
* ''[[Badavara Bandhu]]'' (1976)
* ''[[Naa Ninna Mareyalare]]'' (1976)...Mohan Rao
* ''[[Olavu Geluvu]]'' (1977)
* ''[[Shani Prabhava]]'' (1977)
* ''[[Bhagyavantharu]]'' (1977)
* ''[[Babruvahana (film)|Babruvahana]]'' (1977)
* ''[[Shankar Guru (1978 film)|Shankar Guru]]'' (1978)...Gurumurthy
* ''[[Huliya Haalina Mevu]]'' (1979)...Somaiah
* ''[[Ravichandra]]'' (1980)...cameo
* ''[[Havina Hede]]'' (1981)
* ''[[Jeevakke Jeeva]]'' (1981)...Lakshman Rao
* ''[[Thayiya Madilalli]]'' (1981)...Inspector Vishwanath
* ''Bhagyada Belaku'' (1981)...Ramanath Rao
* ''[[Hosa Belaku]]'' (1982)
* ''[[Baadada Hoo]]'' (1982)
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|12496728}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sampath}}
[[Category:Male actors in Kannada cinema]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Male actors from Karnataka]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:Place of death missing]]
[[Category:1904 births]]

{{India-film-actor-1900s-stub}}

James de Graaff-Hunter

2026-02-10T22:21:58Z

KristineCharlton: Adding first details nd citations...

{{Short description|British-born geodesist and surveyor (1881–1967)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
'''James de Graaff-Hunter''' {{Postnom|country=GBR|CIE|FRS}}{{Efn|His name has also been misspelled in published sources as '''De Graff-Hunter''' or '''De Graaf-Hunter'''.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Emrick |first=Harry William |title=COMPUTATION TECHNIQUES FOR VARIOUS GRAVITY ANOMALY CORRECTION TERMS AND THEIR EFFECT UPON DEFLECTION OF THE VERTICAL COMPUTATIONS FOR MOUNTAINOUS AREAS |date=1973 |publisher=[[Ohio State University]] |id={{ProQuest|302760533}}}}</ref>{{Rp|page=ix}}<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Saunders |first=David Warren |title=DE GRAAF-HUNTER'S MODEL EARTH ANOMALIES |date=1963 |publisher=[[Ohio State University]] |id={{DTIC|AD0417783}}}}</ref>}} (11 September 1881 – 3 February 1967) was a British [[geodesist]] who served as director of [[Survey of India]]'s Geodetic Branch from 1928 to 1932,<ref name="QJRAS">{{Cite journal |last=Bomford |first=G. |author-link=Guy Bomford |date=1 September 1967 |title=James de Graaff-Hunter (obituary) |journal=[[Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society]] |volume=8 |pages=292–293 |bibcode=1967QJRAS...8..292. |postscript=none}}; also published in ''[[Survey Review]]''. ''' 19''' (144): 50–51. {{doi|10.1179/sre.1967.19.144.50}}.</ref> and as President of the [[International Association of Geodesy]] from 1954 to 1957.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Past Officers (Presidents and General Secretaries) of the IAG |url=https://www.iag-aig.org/iag-history/137 |access-date=1 February 2024 |publisher=[[International Association of Geodesy]]}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
James de Graaff-Hunter was born in [[Chester]] as the youngest of three sons on 11 September 1881. His father was James G. M. Hunter, who was a seed merchant, and his mother, Sarah J. {{Nee|Pierrepont}}, was a pianist. De Graaff-Hunter was christened after his [[Godparent|godfather]], Herr de Graaff, a bulb grower and friend of his father. Throughout his life, he stylized his name as both ''J. de Graaff Hunter'' and ''J. de Graaff-Hunter'' (with a [[Hyphenated surname|hyphen]]).<ref name="BMFRS" />

He was educated at [[King's School, Chester]], and later matriculated at [[Pembroke College, Cambridge]] in 1900 with an {{Sterling|80}} entrance scholarship to study [[mathematics]].<ref name="BMFRS">{{Cite journal |last=Bomford |first=G. |author-link=Guy Bomford |date=November 1967 |title=James de Graaff-Hunter, 1881–1967 |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbm.1967.0004 |journal=[[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]] |language=en |volume=13 |pages=78–88 |doi=10.1098/rsbm.1967.0004 |doi-access=free|jstor=769373}}</ref> From Cambridge he received a [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] in 1903, an [[Master of Arts|M.A.]] in 1907, and a [[Doctor of Science|Sc.D.]] in 1920.<ref name="ACAD">{{Cite web |title=Hunter, James De Graaff. |url=http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search-2018.pl?sur=&suro=w&fir=&firo=c&cit=&cito=c&c=all&z=all&tex=HNTR900JD&sye=&eye=&col=all&maxcount=5 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=A Cambridge Alumni Database}}</ref>

==Career==
After leaving Cambridge, de Graaff-Hunter worked as a mathematics master at the [[Harrow School]] for two months in 1904,<ref name="BMFRS"/> before working as an advisor to [[Lord Kelvin]] in 1905 and 1905.<ref name="ACAD"/> He worked for the [[National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom)|National Physical Laboratory]] from 1905 until he was appointed to the [[Survey of India]] in 1907.

While working for the Survey of India's [[Great Trigonometrical Survey]], in 1908, de Graff-Hunter accompanied [[G. P. Lenox-Conyngham]] on a [[pendulum]]-swinging tour in [[South India]] to observe the intensity of [[gravity]] in different locations. In 1910, de Graaff-Hunter replaced [[John Eccles (geodesist)|John Eccles]] as the mathematician in charge of the Great Trigonometrical Survey computing office. After assuming office, he completed his first major scientific work in India—''Professional Paper'' 14 (1913) described the connection of [[atmospheric refraction]] to observing the height of mountains. He later returned to southern India in 1916 and 1917 for field studies in [[Triangulation (surveying)|secondary triangulation]] using observing towers he had designed and made. Subsequent work, including ''Professional Paper'' 16 (1918) was also on the topic of triangulation—the paper dealt with how to adapt the results of triangulation computations to a new [[spheroid]] without completely recalculating, and also listed rules on common triangulation errors.<ref name="BMFRS" />

In 1917,<ref name="BMFRS"/> he joined the [[army]] and served for two years as a [[captain]] in [[Mesopotamia]] and [[Persia]]. There, he focused on triangulation of the [[Kirkuk]] and [[Kurdistan]] regions. He returned to India in 1919 and studied the [[geoid]] based on his earlier observations.<ref name="QJRAS"/>

In 1928, he was appointed Director of the Geodetic Branch of the Survey of India, a position similar to the former Superintendent of the Trigonometrical Survey title. He retired in 1932, and received the [[Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire]] honor [[1933 Birthday Honours|in 1933]], and was elected [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] in 1935.<ref name="BMFRS"/> From 1936 to 1838, he continued his geodetic studies from England, supported by a [[Leverhulme Research Fellowship]]

When [[World War II]] broke out in 1939, he offered himself to the Survey of India's war efforts, but was not needed. In 1941, the Government of India accepted his offer and he boarded the [[SS Zamzam|SS ''Zamzam'']] in New York towards [[Cape Town]].<ref name="BMFRS"/> When the ship was attacked, he was put on a supply ship and shipped to a German [[internment camp]].<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1 March 1942 |title=Dr. J. de Graaff Hunter, C. I. E., F. R. S |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/149352b0 |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |language=en |volume=149 |issue=3778 |pages=352 |doi=10.1038/149352b0 |bibcode=1942Natur.149R.352. |issn=1476-4687}}</ref> He was moved to multiple different [[Stalag|''stalags'']], before being released in 1942. He continued work as a [[surveyor]] in India until 1946.

His "Model Earth" proposed through multiple publications in the late 1950s and into the 1960s was at the time a novel new model,<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Uotila |first=Urho Antti Kalevl |title=INVESTIGATIONS ON THE GRAVITY FIELD AND SHAPE OF THE EARTH |date=1959 |publisher=[[Ohio State University]] |id={{ProQuest|301874374}}}}</ref>{{Rp|page=152}} and it remains an important model in the field of geodesy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Robbins |first=A. R. |date=12 August 1967 |title=Text for Geodesists |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/215793a0 |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |language=en |volume=215 |issue=5102 |pages=793 |doi=10.1038/215793a0|bibcode=1967Natur.215..793R }}</ref> The model moved landmasses around without adding or destroying mass to smooth out the surface of the Earth.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Kivioja |first=Lassi Antti |title=THE EFFECT OF TOPOGRAPHY AND ITS ISOSTATIC COMPENSATION ON FREE AIR GRAVITY ANOMALIES |date=1963 |publisher=[[Ohio State University]] |id={{ProQuest|302132509}}}}</ref>{{Rp|page=22}} This work, as well as much of his other studies, builds off the work of [[George Gabriel Stokes]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lambert |first=Walter D. |date=1945 |title=The International Gravity Formula |url=https://earth.geology.yale.edu/~ajs/1945A/360.pdf |journal=[[American Journal of Science]] |volume=243A |pages=360–392}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bhattacharji |first=J. C. |date=December 1965 |title=Modified Form of Earth Model Gravity Anomaly for Use in Stokes's Integral |journal=[[Geophysical Journal International]] |language=en |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=221–229 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-246X.1965.tb03154.x|doi-access=free |bibcode=1965GeoJ...10..221B }}</ref>

He moved to Australia in 1962,<ref name="QJRAS"/> and, aged 85, he died in his [[Mosman, New South Wales]] home on 3 February 1967.<ref name="BMFRS"/>

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{Cite book |last=Stein |first=Aurel |title=Innermost Asia |date=1928 |publisher=国立情報学研究所「ディジタル・シルクロード」／東洋文庫 |doi=10.20676/00000187 |author-link=Aurel Stein}}{{Snd}}Appendix by de Graaff-Hunter
* {{Cite journal |date=1933 |title=Dr. DE GRAAF HUNTER'S trestle tower for geodetic triangulation |url=https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/ihr/article/view/28278 |journal=The International Hydrographic Review |language=en |issn=0020-6946}}{{Snd}}See also: [[Bilby tower]]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:de Graaff-Hunter, James}}
[[Category:1881 births]]
[[Category:1967 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Chester]]
[[Category:People from Sydney]]
[[Category:People educated at The King's School, Chester]]
[[Category:Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:British geodesists]]
[[Category:British surveyors]]
[[Category:World War II prisoners of war held by Germany]]
[[Category:Indian Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Indian Army personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:British fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]

Ravindra Dave

2026-02-10T02:59:53Z

KristineCharlton: Entry

{{short description|Indian film director, producer, editor and screenwriter (1919–1992)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ravindra Dave
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1919|4|16|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Karachi]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1992|7|21|1919|4|16|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[India]]
| occupation = Film director, producer, editor, screenwriter
| spouse = Jashumatiben
| children =
| parents =
| relatives =
}}

'''Ravindra Dave''' (16 April 1919 – 21 July 1992) was an Indian film director, producer, editor and screenwriter. He directed more than 30 [[Hindi Cinema|Hindi]] films in the 1950s and 1960s including several hits like ''Nagina'' (1951), ''[[Agra Road (1957 film)|Agra Road]]'' (1957), ''Post Box 999'' (1958), ''Satta Bazaar'' (1959), ''Dulha Dulhan'' (1964) and ''[[Raaz (1967 film)|Raaz]]'' (1967). He turned to [[Gujarati cinema]] with his blockbuster ''Jesal Toral'' (1971) and directed more than 25 Gujarati films in the 1970s and 1980s.

==Early life==
Ravindra Dave was born on 16 April 1919 in [[Karachi]], [[British India]] (modern day [[Pakistan]]) in a [[Brahmin]] family.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/bollywood/bollywood-news/news/ENT-BNE-IFTM-100th-birth-anniversary-of-gujarati-films-director-ravindra-dave-gujarati-news-6047420.html|script-title=gu:જન્મશતાબ્દી / ગુજરાતી ફિલ્મોના સુવર્ણયુગના શિલ્પી રવીન્દ્ર દવે|last=Vaghela|first=Shailendra Manshukhlal|date=2019-04-16|work=[[Divya Bhaskar]]|access-date=2019-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510071111/https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/bollywood/bollywood-news/news/ENT-BNE-IFTM-100th-birth-anniversary-of-gujarati-films-director-ravindra-dave-gujarati-news-6047420.html|archive-date=10 May 2019|url-status = live|language=gu|title=Janmashatabdi / Gujarati Filmona Suvarnayugna Shilpi Ravindra Dave|trans-title=Birth Centenary: Ravindra Dave The Architect of the Golden Age of Gujarati Cinema}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=http://www.bombaysamachar.com/frmStoryShow.aspx?sNo=494122|script-title=gu:રવીન્દ્ર દવે: ભારતના આલ્ફ્રેડ હિચકૉક|last=Chheda|first=Shubhash|work=[[Mumbai Samachar]]|access-date=2019-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511141408/http://www.bombaysamachar.com/frmStoryShow.aspx?sNo=494122|archive-date=11 May 2019|url-status = live|language=gu|title=Ravindra Dave: Bharatna Alfred Hitchcock|trans-title=Ravindra Dave: India's Alfred Hitchcock}}</ref> His family belonged to [[Halvad]] (modern day [[Gujarat]], India).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> At the age of 14, he joined his uncle [[Dalsukh M. Pancholi]] in [[Lahore]] as a production manager for his Punjabi films. He learned editing from producer and director [[Shaukat Hussain Rizvi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://scroll.in/reel/920201/tribute-director-ravindra-dave-who-was-ravinbhai-in-hindi-films-and-bapa-for-gujarati-cinema|title=Tribute: Director Ravindra Dave, who was 'Ravinbhai' in Hindi films and 'Bapa' for Gujarati cinema|last=Dave|first=Hiren B.|date=2019-04-16|website=Scroll.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416164021/https://scroll.in/reel/920201/tribute-director-ravindra-dave-who-was-ravinbhai-in-hindi-films-and-bapa-for-gujarati-cinema|archive-date=16 April 2019|url-status = live|access-date=2019-05-10}}</ref>

==Career==
=== Hindi cinema ===
Dave directed two songs for ''Shiri-Farhad'' in 1942, which was left incomplete by director Prahalad Dutt. His direction of songs impressed his uncle Dalsukh Pancholi who entrusted him with the job. In 1943, he co-directed ''[[Poonji]]'' with Vishnu R. Pancholi. The film revolves around three sisters trying to prevent their father from remarrying. His next [[Film noir|noir film]], ''Dhamki,'' was a suspense thriller.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />

After the [[partition of India]], he left [[Lahore]] and moved to [[Bombay]] (now Mumbai), [[India]].<ref name=":1" /> He directed social dramas, comedies, mythological as well as patriotic films. He directed several murder mysteries and suspense thrillers.<ref name=":0" /> ''Sawan Bhado'' was his first film after moving to Bombay.<ref name=":1" />

In 1951, he directed ''Nagina'' starring [[Nutan]] and [[Nasir Khan (actor)|Nasir Khan]]. The film introduced playback singer [[C. H. Atma]] and the music was composed by [[Shankar Jaikishan]]. Following its success, Dave named his production company Nagina Films. He produced ''Satta Bazaar'', starring [[Balraj Sahni]] and [[Meena Kumari]], and ''[[Dulha Dulhan]]'', starring [[Raj Kapoor]] and [[Sadhana Shivdasani|Sadhana]] under the banner of Nagina Films. ''Naina'' starred [[Geeta Bali]] and [[Abhi Bhattacharya]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

His films ''Moti Mahal'' and ''Char Minar'' were thrillers. Actor [[Vijay Anand (filmmaker)|Vijay Anand]] debuted with his film ''[[Agra Road (1957 film)|Agra Road]]''. ''Post Box 999'', starring [[Sunil Dutt]] and [[Shakila (actress)|Shakila]], was inspired by the Hollywood film ''[[Call Northside 777]]''. ''[[Raaz (1967 film)|Raaz]]'' starred [[Rajesh Khanna]] and [[Babita]]. His last Hindi film was ''Road to Sikkim'' starring [[Anju Mahendru]] and Dev Kumar.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />

He worked with some of the leading composers of the time, including: [[Master Ghulam Haider|Ghulam Haider]], [[Husnlal Bhagatram]], Vijaysinghraje Patwardhan, [[Shankar Jaikishan]], [[C. Ramchandra]], [[Chitragupta (composer)|Chitragupta]], [[O. P. Nayyar]], [[Manna Dey]], [[S. D. Burman]], [[Roshan (music director)|Roshan]], [[Kalyanji–Anandji|Kalyanji-Anandji]] and [[Ravi (music director)|Ravi]].<ref name=":0" />

=== Gujarati cinema ===
Dave had planned to remake his blockbuster ''Nagina'' with [[Leena Chandavarkar]] and [[Sanjay Khan]], but the project was delayed.<ref name="GokulsingDissanayake2013" /><ref name=":3" /> As a result, he turned his production crew to [[Gujarati cinema]] to keep them employed.<ref name=":0" /> He directed ''Jesal Toral'' based on the local legend of Gujarat launching the careers of [[Upendra Trivedi]] and [[Ramesh Mehta (comedian)|Ramesh Mehta]]. The film proved to be one of the biggest hits of Gujarati cinema<ref name="GokulsingDissanayake2013" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9rthUDKxyEC&q=ravindra+dave|title=70 Years of Indian Cinema, 1913-1983|last=Ramachandran|first=T. M.|last2=Rukmini|first2=S.|date=1985|publisher=CINEMA India-International|isbn=9780861320905|pages=345}}</ref> and ran for 25 weeks in theatres. It won 17 awards from the [[Government of Gujarat]]. The film is considered to have revived the Gujarati cinema.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name="GokulsingDissanayake2013">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=djUFmlFbzFkC&pg=PA95|title=Routledge Handbook of Indian Cinemas|author1=K. Moti Gokulsing|author2=[[Wimal Dissanayake]]|date=17 April 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-77284-9|page=95}}</ref>

His other blockbuster Gujarati films include: ''Raja Bharathari'', ''Hothal Padmani'', ''Kunwarbai nu Mameru'', ''Shetal Ne Kanthe'', ''[[Malavpati Munj]]'', ''Bhadar Tara Vehta Pani'', ''Son Kansari,'' and ''Patali Parmar''. His last Gujarati film was ''Malo Nagde'' starring Upendra Trivedi, [[Aruna Irani]] and [[Mulraj Rajda]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

He directed 26 Gujarati films in total. Upendra Trivedi starred in 16 of them and he collaborated with music composer [[Avinash Vyas]] on 20 of them.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Last years ==
In the 1980s, he undertook a crime thriller titled ''Mera Pati Mera Qatil'' with the hope of returning to Hindi films, but the film never went into production due to his ill health and financial constraints.<ref name=":0" /> Years later, [[Rakesh Roshan]] produced ''[[Khoon Bhari Maang]]'' with a similar plot which was declared a hit.<ref name=":2" />

Ravindra Dave died on 21 July 1992 in Mumbai.<ref name=":0" />

==Legacy==
Film historian Subhash Chheda said, "Dave brought the diminishing [[Gujarati culture]] in front of the people. The films were mostly produced for an urban audience then. He made films for a rural audience which were also well received by the urban audience. His biggest contribution [to Gujarati cinema] is bringing a new audience to Gujarati films."<ref name=":1" />

Due to his expertise in thriller and mystery films, Chheda called him India's [[Alfred Hitchcock]].<ref name=":2" />

== Personal life ==
Dave was married to Jashumatiben. He enjoyed driving and owned several vintage cars. He was an amateur painter, carpenter, and sculptor.<ref name=":0" /> Dave was fondly known as Ravinbhai in the Hindi film industry and Bapa in the Gujarati film industry.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

==Filmography==
He directed, produced or wrote the following films:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/people/ravindra-dave-69668/filmography|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511145108/https://www.cinestaan.com/people/ravindra-dave-69668/filmography|url-status=live|archive-date=11 May 2019|title=Ravindra Dave movies and filmography|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2019-08-06}}</ref>

===Director===

====Hindi films====
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* ''[[Poonji]]'' (1943) (co-directed)
* ''Dhamki'' (1945)
* ''Patjhad'' (1948)
* ''Chunaria'' (1948)
* ''Naach'' (1949)
* ''Sawan Bhado'' (1949)
* ''Lachhi'' (1949)
* ''Chakori'' (1949) (only producer)
* ''[[Meena Bazaar (film)|Meena Bazaar]]'' (1950) (also screenwriter)
* ''Sharad Punam'' (1950) (only producer)
* ''Nagina'' (1951)
* ''Moti Mahal'' (1952)
* ''Lal Kunwar'' (1952)
* ''Naina'' (1953)
* ''Bhai Saheb'' (1954)
* ''Shikar'' (1955)
* ''Lutera'' (1955)
* ''Lagan'' (1955)
* ''Char Minar'' (1956)
* ''[[Agra Road (1957 film)|Agra Road]]'' (1957) (also producer)
* ''Post Box 999'' (1958) (also producer)
* ''[[Farishta (1958 film)|Farishta]]'' (1958)
* ''Satta Bazaar'' (1959) (also producer)
* ''Guest House'' (1959)
* ''Ghar Ghar Ki Baat'' (1959)
* ''C.I.D. Girl'' (1959)
* ''Girls Hostel'' (1962)
* ''[[Ankh Micholi]]'' (1962)
* ''Band Master'' (1963)
* ''Tere Dwar Khada Bhagwan'' (1964)
* ''Punar Milan'' (1964) (only producer)
* ''Dulha Dulhan'' (1964) (also producer)
* ''[[Raaz (1967 film)|Raaz]]'' (1967)
* ''Road to Sikkim'' (1969)
* ''Sajan'' (1969) (only screenwriter)}}

====Gujarati films====
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* ''Jesal Toral'' (1971)
* ''Raja Bharathari'' (1973)
* ''Hothal Padmani'' (1974)
* ''Kunwarbai nu Mameru'' (1974)
* ''Shetalne Kanthe'' (1975)
* ''Sant Surdas'' (1975)
* ''Bhaibandhi'' (1976)
* ''Malavpati Munj'' (1976)
* ''Bhadar Tara Vaheta Pani'' (1976)
* ''Son Kansari'' (1977)
* ''Paiso Bole Chhe'' (1977)
* ''Jay Randalma'' (1977)
* ''Chundadi Odhi Tara Namni'' (1978)
* ''Patali Parmar'' (1978)
* ''Bhagya Laxmi'' (1978)
* ''Preet Khandani Dhar'' (1979)
* ''Suraj Chandrani Sakhe'' (1979)
* ''Virangana Nathibai'' (1980)
* ''Koino Ladakvayo'' (1980)
* ''Dukhada Khame E Dikri'' (1981)
* ''Sheth Jagdusha'' (1981)
* ''Jagya Tyarthi Sawar'' (1981) (also producer)
* ''Palavade Bandhi Preet'' (1983) (also producer)
* ''Naagmati Naagwallo'' (1984)
* ''Malo Nagde'' (1985) (also producer)}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dave, Ravindra}}
[[Category:Gujarati-language film directors]]
[[Category:Film directors from Gujarat]]
[[Category:1919 births]]
[[Category:1992 deaths]]
[[Category:Hindi-language film directors]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian screenwriters]]
[[Category:Indian silent film directors]]
[[Category:Mass media people from Karachi]]
[[Category:Film people from Mumbai]]

21st Filmfare Awards South

2026-02-09T13:45:21Z

KristineCharlton:

{{short description|Award ceremony for South Indian films}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox film awards
|number=21
|award=Filmfare Awards South
|award_link=Filmfare Awards South
|image=
|caption=
|date= 11 April 1974
|site= Shanmukhananda Hall [[Bombay]]
|preshow=
|host= Devid
|producer=
|last = [[20th Filmfare Awards South|20th]]
|next = [[22nd Filmfare Awards South|22nd]]
}}

The '''21st Filmfare Awards South''' ceremony honoring the winners of the best of South Indian cinema in 1973 was held in Shanmukhananda Hall [[Bombay]] on 11 April 1974 along with Hindi Awards.

The chief guests were Tamil Nadu Chief Minister [[M. Karunanidhi]] and Hollywood actress [[Diane Baker]].

==Jury==
{| class="wikitable" width=50% |
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Malayalam]] & [[Kannada]]
|-
| valign="top" |
*'''[[Justice G. Ramanujam]]''' - (Chairman)
*'''''[[S. V. Chitti Babu]]'''''
*'''''[[K. Vishwanathan]]'''''
*'''''[[C. N. Ramanujam]]'''''
*'''''[[C. V. George]]'''''
*'''''[[P. Pulliah]]'''''
*'''''[[B. K. Anantharaman]]'''''
*'''''[[Vasudev Nayak]]'''''
*'''''[[Mrs. S. Kurien]]'''''
*'''''[[S. V. Venugopalan]]''''' - (Ex Officio)
|}

==Awards==

===Main awards===

====Kannada cinema====
{| class="wikitable" width=100% |
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Kannada|Best Film]]
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Kannada|Best Director]]
|-
| valign="top" |
*'''''[[Naagarahaavu]]'''''
| valign="top" |
*'''[[Puttanna Kanagal]] - ''[[Edakallu Guddada Mele]]'''''
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center;"| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada|Best Actor]]
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center;"| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada|Best Actress]]
|-
|
*'''[[Dr. Rajkumar|Rajkumar]]- ''[[Gandhada Gudi]]'''''
|
*'''[[Jayanthi (actress)|Jayanthi]] - ''[[Edakallu Guddada Mele]]'''''
|}

====Malayalam cinema====
{| class="wikitable" width=100% |
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Malayalam|Best Film]]
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Malayalam|Best Director]]
|-
|
*'''''[[Panitheeratha Veedu]]'''''
|
*'''[[K. S. Sethumadhavan]] - ''[[Pani Theeratha Veedu]]'''''
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center;"| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam|Best Actor]]
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center;"| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Malayalam|Best Actress]]
|-
|
*'''[[P. J. Antony]] - ''[[Nirmalayam]]'''''
|
*'''[[Nanditha Bose]] - ''[[Swapnam]]'''''
|}

====Tamil cinema====
{| class="wikitable" width=100% |
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil|Best Film]]
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Tamil|Best Director]]
|-
| valign="top" |
*'''''[[Bharatha Vilas]]'''''
| valign="top" |
*'''[[A. C. Tirulokchandar]] -''[[Bharatha Vilas]]'''''

|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center;"| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Best Actor]]
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center;"| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Tamil|Best Actress]]
|-
|
*'''[[Sivaji Ganesan]] - ''[[Gauravam (1973 film)|Gauravam]]'''''
|
*'''[[Jayalalithaa]] -''[[Suryakanthi]]'''''
|}

====Telugu cinema====
{| class="wikitable" width=100% |
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu|Best Film]]
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Telugu|Best Director]]
|-
| valign="top" |
*'''''[[Jeevana Tharangaalu]]'''''
| valign="top" |
*'''[[T. Rama Rao]] - ''[[Jeevana Tharangaalu]]'''''
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center;"| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor]]
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center;"| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Telugu|Best Actress]]
|-
|
*'''[[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]]- ''Marupurani Manishi'''''
|
*'''[[Vanisri]]- ''[[Jeevana Tarangalu]]'''''
|}

===Special Awards===
{| class="wikitable" width=50% |
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Special Award - South|Special Award for excellent performance]]
|-
| valign="top" |
*'''[[Vishnuvardhan (actor)|Vishnuvardhan]]''' - '''[[Nagarahavu]]''' <ref>{{Cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LAcfAQAAMAAJ&q=+Gandhada+Gudi |title = The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who|last1 = Reed|first1 = Sir Stanley|year = 1974}}</ref>
|}
{| class="wikitable" width=50% |
|-
! ! style="background:#eedd82; text-align:center; width:50%;"|[[Filmfare Special Award - South|Special Award for excellent production values]]
|-
| valign="top" |
*'''[[Ulagam Sutrum Valiban]]''' - '''[[M. G. Ramachandran]]'''<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LAcfAQAAMAAJ&q=ulagam+sutrum | title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who| last1=Reed| first1=Sir Stanley| year=1974}}</ref>
|}

==Awards presentation==
Source:<ref>{{Citation |last=Santosh |title=21st Annual Filmfare South Winners |date=2024-08-06 |url=https://archive.org/details/21st-annual-filmfare-south-winners |access-date=2024-08-20}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Santosh |title=21st Annual Filmfare Awards South Winners |date=2024-08-06 |url=https://archive.org/details/21st-annual-filmfare-awards-south-winners |access-date=2024-08-20}}</ref>
* [[K. S. R. Murthy]] (Best Film Malayalam) Received Award from [[Mehtab Modi]]
* [[K S Sethumadhavan]] (Best Director Malayalam) Received Award from [[Radha Saluja]]
* [[Nanditha Bose]] (Best Actress Malayalam) Received Award from [[Feroz Khan (actor)|Feroz Khan]]
* [[N. Veeraswamy]] (Best Film Kannada) Received Award from [[Reena Roy]]
* [[S. R. Puttanna Kanagal]] (Best Director Kannada) Received Award from [[Neetu Singh]]
* [[Jayanthi (actress)|Jayanthi]] (Best Actress Kannada) Received Award from [[Vijay Arora]]
* [[Dr. Rajkumar|Rajkumar]] (Best Actor Kannada)Received Award from [[Helen (actress)|Helen]]
* [[Vishnuvardhan (actor)|Vishnuvardhan]] (Special Acting Award Kannada) Received Award from [[Farida Jalal]]
* [[D. Rama Naidu]] (Best Film Telugu) Received Award from [[Vinod Mehra]]
* [[D. Rama Naidu]] Receives T Rama Rao's Award (Best Director Telugu) from [[Ambika Johar]]
* [[S. V. Venugopal]] Receives A Nageswara Rao's Award (Best Actor Telugu) from [[Tariq (actor)|Tariq]]
* [[T. Bharathi]] (Best Film Tamil) Received Award from [[Sujeet Kumar]]
* [[A. C. Tirulokchandar]] (Best Director Tamil) Received Award from [[Prem Chopra]]
* [[Sivaji Ganesan]] (Best Actor Tamil) Received Award from [[Lata Mangeshkar]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Filmfare Magazine 5 April 1974
* Filmfare Magazine 3 May 1974

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://www.filmfare.com/awards/}}
* {{IMDb event|0001531|Filmfare Awards South}}

{{Filmfare Awards South|state=expanded}}

[[Category:Filmfare Awards South by year]]

Indulata Sukla

2026-02-07T22:55:04Z

KristineCharlton: Adding the data from scratch...

{{Short description|Indian mathematician (1944–2022)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Indulata Sukla
| image = Indulata Sukla.JPG
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1944|03|07|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Baripada]], [[Mayurbhanj State]], [[British Raj]] (now [[Odisha]])
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2022|6|30|1944|03|07|df=y}}
| known_for = Number Theory, Cryptography, Analysis
| education = M.P.C. College, Baripada (B.Sc.) Ravenshaw College, Cuttack (M.Sc.) Jabalpur University, Jabalpur (Ph.D.)
| employer = Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Odisha (Former Professor of Mathematics)
| occupation = Mathematician
| spouse = Ananta Charan Sukla{{citation needed|date=July 2015}}
}}

'''Indulata L. Sukla''' (7 March 1944 – 30 June 2022)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://odishabytes.com/retd-sambalpur-university-math-prof-indulata-sukla-passes-away/ |title=Retd Sambalpur University Math Prof Indulata Sukla Passes Away |newspaper=odishabytes |date=1 July 2022 |access-date=1 July 2022}}</ref> was an Indian academic, who was professor of mathematics for more than three decades at [[Sambalpur University]], [[Sambalpur]], Odisha.

She did her schooling from Maharani Prem Kumari Girls’ School and B.Sc. with Mathematics Honours from M.P.C. College, Baripada. She completed her M.Sc. in Mathematics from Ravenshaw College, Cuttack in 1966, and had a brief stint as a lecturer in M.P.C. College,{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} before moving to the University of Jabalpur with a CSIR Fellowship to pursue Ph.D. under the supervision of Tribikram Pati.<ref name="pioneer"/> While pursuing her researches, she joined Sambalpur University in November 1970 as a lecturer in the School of Mathematical Sciences, and continued there till her retirement in March 2004.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}}

She is the author of the textbook ''Number Theory and Its Applications to Cryptography'' (Cuttack: Kalyani Publishers, 2000).<ref name="pioneer"/><ref name="nix"/>
In her research, she worked with English mathematician [[Brian Kuttner]] on Fourier Series.<ref name="pioneer"/>{{sfnp|Kuttner|Sukla|1985}}

She was a Life Member of the [[American Mathematical Society]] (AMS) and the Indian Mathematical Society (IMS).{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}

==Awards and honours==
The Orissa Mathematical Society (OMS) gave her the Lifetime Achievement Award for her work in Number Theory, Cryptography and Analysis. She received the award from Professor Ramachandran Balasubramanian, Director of the Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai at the 42nd Annual Conference of OMS held at Vyasanagar Autonomous College, Jajpur Road, Orissa on 7 February 2015.<ref name="pioneer">{{citation|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhubaneswar/mathematician-indulata-sukla-honoured.html|newspaper=[[The Pioneer (India)|The Pioneer]]|title=Mathematician Indulata Sukla Honoured|date=9 February 2015}}.</ref><ref name="nix">{{citation|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Mathematician-Awarded-for-Number-Theory/2015/02/09/article2659987.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725180217/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Mathematician-Awarded-for-Number-Theory/2015/02/09/article2659987.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 July 2015|newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=9 February 2015|title=Mathematician Awarded for Number Theory}}.</ref>

==Selected publications==
*{{citation
| last = Sukla | first = Indulata
| doi = 10.2307/2043662
| issue = 2
| journal = [[Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society]]
| mr = 637166
| pages = 185–191
| title = A Tauberian theorem for strong Abel summability type
| volume = 84
| year = 1982| jstor = 2043662
| doi-access = free
}}.
*{{citation
| last1 = Kuttner | first1 = B. | author1-link = Brian Kuttner
| last2 = Sukla | first2 = I. L.
| doi = 10.1017/S0305004100062745
| issue = 2
| journal = [[Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society]]
| mr = 771813
| pages = 189–193
| title = On <math>({\mathcal{D}},h(n))</math> summability methods
| volume = 97
| year = 1985| bibcode = 1985MPCPS..97..189K }}.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sukla, Indulata}}
[[Category:1944 births]]
[[Category:2022 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian mathematicians]]
[[Category:Scientists from Odisha]]
[[Category:People from Baripada]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Mathematical Society]]
[[Category:Number theorists]]
[[Category:Women scientists from Odisha]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women mathematicians]]
[[Category:Sambalpur University alumni]]

CAMP (studio)

2026-02-06T06:12:20Z

KristineCharlton: started a stub added tags

{{Short description|Indian media studio}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox artist
| website = https://studio.camp
}}
'''CAMP''' is a [[Mumbai]]-based studio for transdisciplinary media practices founded by Shaina Anand (born 1975 in Mumbai, India), Sanjay Banghar, and [[Ashok Sukumaran]] (born 1974 in Sapporo, Japan). CAMP's work has been concerned with the history and politics of technology and experimental video and audio.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artslant.com/ny/articles/show/42354-high-seas-and-ether-highways-the-collective-works-of-camp-come-to-light-across-india|title=High Seas and Ether Highways: The Collective Works of CAMP Come to Light Across India {{!}} ArtSlant|website=ArtSlant|access-date=2017-09-16}}</ref>

CAMP's work has been exhibited internationally, including at the 2009, 20011 and the 2013 [[Sharjah Biennial]]s, the 2012 [[New Museum]] Triennial, [[DOCUMENTA (13)|Documenta 13]] in [[Kassel]] and [[Kabul]], the 2013 edition of the [[Viennale]], the 2014 edition of the [[Shanghai Biennale]], the 2017 edition of the [[Skulptur Projekte Münster]], the 2012 and 2022 Kochi Muziris Biennale, and in the [[Museum of Modern Art]] (MoMA) of [[New York City|New York]], in 2025, with a monographic show titled Video After Video: The Critical Media of CAMP.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Radtke |first=Kristen |date=2025-03-01 |title=What can a 100-pixel video teach us about storytelling around the world? |url=https://www.theverge.com/art-club/621584/mumbai-modern-art-camp-cctv-video |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=The Verge |language=en-US}}</ref>

== History ==
CAMP was founded in Mumbai in 2007 by Shaina Anand, Sanjay Banghar, and Ashok Sukumaran.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/explore/inside_out/2014/06/20/inside-flaherty-at-moma-turning-the-inside-out-duncan-campbell-raqs-media-collective-and-camp/|title=MoMA {{!}} Inside Flaherty at MoMA: Turning the Inside Out—Duncan Campbell, Raqs Media Collective, and CAMP|website=www.moma.org|language=en|access-date=2017-09-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Video After Video: The Critical Media of CAMP |url=https://press.moma.org/film-media/video-after-video-camp/ |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=press.moma.org}}</ref>

Shaina Anand was born in 1975 in Mumbai, India. She received a BA in History from [[R. D. National College|RD National College]] in Mumbai and attended an MFA in Film and Media Arts at [[Temple University]]. Prior to co-founding CAMP, Anand founded http://ChitraKarKhana.net, a media production unit based in Mumbai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://culturebase.net/culturebase.net/artist8edd.html?1334|title=Shaina Anand artist portrait - culturebase.net|last=culturebase.net|website=culturebase.net|access-date=2017-09-16}}</ref>

[[Ashok Sukumaran]] was born in 1974 in [[Sapporo]], Japan. He holds a bachelor's degree in Architecture from the [[School of Planning and Architecture]] in New Delhi, India and an MFA from the Department of Design/Media Arts from the [[University of California, Los Angeles]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fondation-langlois.org/html/e/page.php?NumPage=1833|title=Ashok Sukumaran (biography)|website=www.fondation-langlois.org|access-date=2017-09-16}}</ref>

CAMP has also had other members over the years, including Hakimuddin Liliyawala, Iyesha Geeth Abbas, Nida Ghouse, Zinnia Ambapardiwala, Simpreet Singh, Jan Gerber and Rohan Chavan.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Skulptur Projekte Münster|last=|first=|publisher=Spector Books|year=2017|isbn=9783959051309|location=|pages=159}}</ref>

In 2008, CAMP co-initiated https://Pad.ma, short for Public Access Digital Media Archive, an online archive of annotated video material, and in 2013 co-initiated https://indiancine.ma, the online database and archive for Indian Cinema.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://brooklynrail.org/2014/06/film/shaina-anand-with-xin-zhou|title=SHAINA ANAND with Xin Zhou|website=brooklynrail.org|access-date=2017-09-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pad.ma/|title=Pad.ma|website=Pad.ma|access-date=2017-09-16}}</ref> They also run https://Phantas.ma. In 2020, they were awarded the 7th Nam June Paik Art Center Prize.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.e-flux.com/announcements/348743/camp-wins-nam-june-paik-art-center-prize-2020/|title=CAMP is awarded Nam June Paik Award 2020|access-date=2020-12-07}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Artists from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Indian artist groups and collectives]]

Gondavalekar Maharaj

2026-02-03T23:33:00Z

KristineCharlton: started basic pg first draft

{{Short description|Indian Hindu saint (1845-1913)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox Hindu leader
| name = Gondavalekar Maharaj
| image = Shri Brahmachaitanya Maharaj Gondavalekar.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Gondavalekar Maharaj
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1845|02|19|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Gondavale]] Budruk, [[Satara State]], [[British India]]
| birth_name = Ganpati Raoji Ghugardare (Kulkarni)
| death_date = {{death date and age|1913|12|22|1845|02|19|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Gondavale]] Budruk, [[Satara District]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]]
| guru = [[Tukamai]]
| disciples = [[Brahmanand Maharaj|Brahmanand]], Anandsagar, Bhausaheb Ketkar, Dr. Kurtakoti, Pandurangabuva, Tatyasaheb Ketkar, Pralhad Maharaj
| philosophy = [[Bhakti Yoga]], [[Vaishnavism]]
| founder =
| sect =
| order =
| influenced =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Brahmachaitanya''' (also popularly known as '''Gondavalekar Maharaj''') {{Pronunciation|Gondavalekar_Maharaj.wav}} (19 February 1845<ref name="K V Belsare">{{Cite book|last=K V Belsare|url=http://archive.org/details/shri-ram-the-saint-of-gondawali-the-life-and-sayings-of-shri-brahmachaitanya-k.-v.-belsare|title=Shri Ram The Saint Of Gondawali The Life And Sayings Of Shri Brahmachaitanya K. V. Belsare}}</ref> – 22 December 1913) was an Indian [[Hindu saints|Hindu saint]] and spiritual master. He was a devotee of the Hindu deity [[Rama]], and signed his name as "''Brahmachaitanya Ramdasi"''. He was a disciple of Tukamai.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.shrigondavalekarmaharaj.org/|title=(1)|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730190006/http://shrigondavalekarmaharaj.org/|archive-date=30 July 2016|access-date=}}</ref> He advocated for [[Japa|''japa'' meditation]] through recitation of the {{IAST|Trayodaśakṣarī mantra}} ({{Langx|sa|त्रयोदशाक्षरी मंत्र|lit=13-alphabet ''mantra'' in [[Devanagari]] script}}). He promulgated ''mantra'' recitation as an effective means to attain spiritual progress and ''[[moksha]]'' (spiritual liberation).<ref name="K V Belsare" />

==Biography==

===Early life===
He was born on 19 February 1845 as Ganpati Ghugardare.<ref name="K V Belsare"/> He was born into a [[Deshastha Brahmin]] family to Raoji and Gitabai Ghugardare. His place of birth was [[Gondavale]] Budruk, a small town in present-day [[Satara District]], [[Maharashtra|Maharashtra, India]]. His parents were devotees of [[Vithoba|Vitthala]], a Hindu deity. Lingopant, his grandfather, held the title of ''[[Kulkarni]]'' or rural record-keeper of [[Gondavale]] during the [[Maratha]] regime. Kulkarni was later adopted as the family name.<ref name="K V Belsare"/>

He memorized the Hindu philosophical scripture, ''[[Bhagavad Gita]]'' at a very early age. He is believed to have attained enlightenment at a young age.<ref name=":0" />

===Initiation===
[[File:Gondavle Thorle Ram Mandir.jpg|thumb|Idols of Rama, Lakshmana and Sita at Thorale Rama Temple]]At the age of twelve, Ganpati left home in search of enlightenment. He travelled extensively, and eventually arrived at Yehalegaon, a village near present-day [[Nanded]]. There, he met Tukamai, a saint revered to be a living synthesis of the three distinct paths to self-realization: [[Jnana Yoga|''Jnana Yoga'']], [[Bhakti Yoga|''Bhakti Yoga'']], and [[Karma Yoga|''Karma Yoga'']]. He stayed under the tutelage of Tukamai for nine months. He would obediently follow the latter's instructions during this time. On one occasion of [[Rama Navami|Ram Navami]], Tukamai initiated Ganpati with the ''mantra'' "{{IAST|Śrī Rāma Jaya Rāma Jaya Jaya Rāma}} ({{Langx|sa|श्री राम जय राम जय जय राम}})",<ref name="K V Belsare" /> and bestowed upon the latter the title of "''Brahmachaitanya''."

Over the next few years, Brahmachaitanya travelled across the [[Indian subcontinent]]. He went to various regions and towns such as the [[Himalayas]], [[Ujjain]], [[Ayodhya]], [[Varanasi|Kashi]], [[Calcutta]], [[Indore]] and [[Nasik]]. During March 1866, he returned back to Gondavale and adopted a householder lifestyle.<ref name="K V Belsare"/> His first wife, Saraswati, and their son died shortly afterward. Later, he married a daughter of the ''Deshpande'' or district record-keeper of Atpadi. His second wife was blind since birth. She later came to be known as Aaisaheb. He also embarked on a pilgrimage along with his mother, Gitabai, to Kashi and Ayodhya. Gitabai probably died in Ayodhya.

===Return to Gondavale and death===
During later years, Brahmachaitanya continued to expound spiritual methods revolving around devotion to the deity Rama. He also had a Rama temple built as an extension to his residence.<ref name="K V Belsare"/>
[[File:Thorle Ram Mandir temple in Gondavale.jpg|thumb|Temple of Rama at Gondavale]]
With time, the number of his disciples and followers soared. To cater to these increasing numbers, he arranged for the construction of Rama, [[Dattatreya]], and [[Shani]] temples along with accommodation facilities at Gondavale. He also had Rama temples built in other rural regions of present-day [[Maharashtra]].

He died on 22 December 1913, at Gondavale.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Shri Brahma Chaitanya Gondavalekar Maharaj. |url=https://shrigondavalekarmaharaj.org/maharaj/home.html |access-date=4 August 2021}}</ref>

==Philosophy==
He was a proponent of Bhakti Yoga. His teachings were aligned to those of [[Samarth Ramdas]], his spiritual predecessor. The ''Rama-nama'' ''mantra'', originally attributed to Ramdas, was promoted by Brahmachaitanya as a means of spiritual evolution. The ''mantra'' was central to his teachings.<ref name="Larios2017">{{cite book|author=Borayin Larios|title=Embodying the Vedas: Traditional Vedic Schools of Contemporary Maharashtra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tNwtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PR5|date=10 April 2017|publisher=De Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-051732-3|pages=198–199}}</ref> According to S. G. Tulpule, Brahmachaitanya, like earlier [[Vaishnavism|Vaishanavite]] saints such as [[Mirabai]], Ramdas, [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]] and [[Tulsidas]], was a well-known preacher and practitioner of ''mantra'' recitation.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Laddu |first1=S. D. |title=Review of THE DIVINE NAME IN THE INDIAN TRADITION (A Comparative Study) |journal=Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute |date=1993 |volume=74 |issue=1/4 |pages=335–338 |jstor=43977237 }}</ref>

He frequently used ''[[pravachan]]'' or spiritual discourses and ''[[bhajan]]'' or devotional hymns to encourage people along the path of devotion. He endorsed cow protection and food donation. He is an important 19th-century religious figure behind the revival of [[Vedic ritualism]] in the Indian state of Maharashtra.<ref name="Larios2017" />

==Teachings==
He advised<ref name="K V Belsare"/> his adherents to rigorously follow spiritual practices to attain self-realization. According to him, there are two proven ways to ''moksha'' or liberation for people active in materialistic pursuits. These are ''satsangati'' ({{Langx|sa|सत्संगती }}) or company of saints and ''naam'' ({{Langx|sa|नाम}}) or name of deity. Most of his teachings emphasized on the recitation of ''naam japa''. He advocated for round-the-clock remembrance of the divine through ''naam japa'' as a means to happiness, contentment and peace.

His teachings are summarized in his ''subodh''<ref name=":2">{{Citation|last=Gondavle|title=Bramhachaitanya - Subodh|url=http://archive.org/details/subodh-gondavle|access-date=2021-07-19}} Published by Anmol Prakashan, Pune</ref> ({{Langx|sa|सुबोध}}) or set of clear instructions.

Teachings stated in the ''subodh'' are listed as follows:<ref name=":2" />

* Keep chanting the deity's name and communicate the significance of chanting to everyone you meet.
* ''Naam'' alone is the ultimate truth.
* ''Naam'' is the means and the end.
* Stay involved in ''mantra'' chanting even when active in worldly pursuits.
* Be happy and stay away from laziness, fear and hate.
* Always be mindful of the divine presence in life.
* Be polite and nice to people and stay fully devoted to Rama.
* Maintain purity in thought and action and refrain from hypocrisy.
* Consider Rama as your friend, guide and master and surrender to him wholeheartedly.
* Give your 100% to everything you do and leave the results of your effort to Rama, thereby surrendering your ego entirely.
* Control your desires and be righteous in your behavior.
* Rama is the giver of happiness, and one should consider performing worldly duties as a way to serve Him.
* Sing and chant His name and always be content and at peace even if you lose all your worldly belongings.
* Pride is the greatest enemy of a seeker, be alert and do not give in to your ego.
* Rama resides in our hearts. He is the epitome of love and yearns for love from all his devotees.

His daily discourses have been compiled into a book called ''Pravachane''.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Belsare|first=Keshav Vishnu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TsMnAQAAIAAJ|title=Shri Ram, the Saint of Goldawali; Or The Life and Sayings of Shri Brahma Chaitanya|date=1961|publisher=Y.G. Joshi|language=en}}</ref>

==Noted disciples and followers==
===Keshav Belsare===
Keshav Belsare, also affectionately known as "Baba" (father), was born into a middle-class family in Hyderabad on 8 February 1909. He had learnt texts such as the ''Bhagavad Gita'', ''Dasbodh'' and ''[[Dnyaneshwari]]'', at an early age. He is claimed to have memorized all of the 700 ''shlokas'' of the ''Bhagavad Gita'' within a single week. He started out as a teacher of English at Balmohan Vidyalaya in [[Dadar]], and later became a professor of philosophy at Siddhartha College in [[Mumbai]]. His lectures were immensely popular in college, and students from multiple disciplines would enrol for his classes. He was known to possess extraordinary clarity and an ability to teach complex subjects in an easy-to-understand manner. He was initiated in 1931. Over time, he became a prominent propagator of Brahmachaitanya's teachings. He actively engaged in promoting these teachings for more than 60 years. He would often conduct discourses on topics ranging from meditation to literary works such as ''Dnyaneshwari'' and ''Dasbodh''. He authored more than 50 books in Marathi. His notable works include the biography of Brahmachaitanya, ''Upanishdacha Abhyas'' and ''Bhavarthgatha''.<ref name=UPADHYE1976>{{cite journal |last1=UPADHYE |first1=P.M. |title=Saint Literature in Marathi |journal=Indian Literature |date=1976 |volume=19 |issue=5 |pages=49–62 |jstor=24157340 }}</ref>

===Dattatreya Bendre===
[[D.R. Bendre|Dattatreya Bendre]] (31 January 1896 – 26 October 1981) was a [[Kannada]] poet and recipient of the [[Jnanpith Award]]. He revered Brahmachaitanya and believed the latter to have bestowed upon him "the gift of poetry".<ref name="Amur1994">{{cite book|author=G. S. Amur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QaSWBH68NQYC&pg=PA7|title=Dattatreya Ramachandra Bendre (Ambikatanayadatta)|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|year=1994|isbn=978-81-7201-515-2|pages=8–9}}</ref>

==Worship==
[[File:Entrance of Samadhi Mandir of Brahma Chaitanya Gondavlekar Maharaj at Gondavle.jpg|thumb|Entrance to the ''Samadhi Mandir'' dedicated to Brahmachaitanya at Gondavle]]

===Temples===
[[File:Samadhi Mandir of Gondavlekar Maharaj.jpg|alt=गोंदवलेकर महाराज यांच्या समाधी मंदिराचे मुख्य द्वार|thumb|''Samadhi Mandir'', Gondavle]]
Brahmachaitanya and his adherants built and consecrated many temples around India. There are temples dedicated to him in Maharashtra, as well as in [[Bangalore]] (Srinivasanagar), and Hebbali in [[Dharwad district|Dharwad District]]. ''Ram-naam japa'' rituals are held on a daily basis at these temples.

The temples are listed as follows:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|
|'''Temple'''
|'''Location'''
|'''Year of Construction'''
|-
|1
|Dhakate Rama Mandir
|[[Gondavale]]
|1895
|-
|2
|Datta Mandira, Aatapaadi
|Aatapaadi
|1892
|-
|3
|Thorale Rama Mandir<ref name="K V Belsare" />
|Gondavale
|1892
|-
|4
|Vitthala Mandir
|Gondavale
|
|-
|5
|Rama Mandir
|Beladadhi
|1896
|-
|6
|Ananda Rama Mandir
|Jalna, [[Anandavadi]]
|1896
|-
|7
|Tilwankar Rama Mandir
|Varanasi
|1897/98
|-
|8
|Pattabhi Rama Mandir
|[[Harda]]
|1900
|-
|9
|Rajaadhiraja Rama Mandir
|Mandave
|1901
|-
|10
|Rama Mandir
|Giravi
|1901
|-
|11
|Rama Mandir
|Sorati, Ujjain
|1901
|-
|12
|Rama Mandir
|Yavagal
|1901
|-
|13
|Datta Mandira
|Yavagal
|1901
|-
|14
|Rama Mandir
|Kagavada
|1902
|-
|15
|Rama Mandir
|Gomewadi
|1903
|-
|16
|Rama Mandir
|Mhasoorne
|1903
|-
|17
|Rama Mandir
|Vita
|1903
|-
|18
|Rama Mandir
|Manjarde
|1905/6
|-
|19
|Bhadagavkar Rama Mandir
|Pandharpur
|1908
|-
|20
|Janaki Jeevana Rama Mandir
|Morgiri
|1908
|-
|21
|Datta Mandira
|Satara
|1908
|-
|22
|Vitho Anna Daphthardar Rama Murthi
|Patna
|1909
|-
|23
|Javalgekar Rama Mandir
|Solapur
|1909
|-
|24
|chidambara nayakara Rama Mandira
|Hubli
|1909
|-
|25
|Kurthakoti Rama Mandir
|Kurthakoti
|1909
|-
|26
|Atapadi Rama Mandir
|Atapadi
|1909
|-
|27
|Vitthala Mandir
|Khathavala
|1909
|-
|28
|Vitthala Mandir
|Uksaan
|1909
|-
|29
|Vitthala Mandir
|Naragunda
|1909
|-
|30
|Venkatesha Mandir
|Venkatapura
|1909
|-
|31
|Venugopala Mandir
|Bidarahall
|1909
|-
|32
|Hanuman Mandir
|Kaagavaada
|1909
|-
|33
|Rama Mandir
|Kannhad
|1911
|-
|34
|Datta Mandira
|Gondavale
|1911
|-
|35
|Shani Mandir
|Gondavale
|1911
|-
|36
|Kuravali Rama Mandir.
|Siddeshwara
|1913
|-
|37
|Dahiwadi Rama Mandir
|Dahiwadi, [[Maharashtra]]
|1912
|-
|38
|Haradasi Rama Mandir
|[[Sangli]]
|1912/13
|-
|39
|Kukkadavada Rama Mandir
|[[Chintamani, Karnataka|Chintamani]], [[Karnataka]]
|1912/13
|-
|40
|Likthe Rama Mandir
|[[Pune]]
|1914
|-
|41
|Kherdi Rama Mandir
|Chiplun, [[Maharashtra]]
|1914
|-
|42
|Ashwathapur Rama Mandir
|Badagumijaru, Karnataka
|1915
|-
|43
|Emmikeri Rama Mandir
|[[Dharwad]]
|1915/17
|-
|44
|Line Bazar Rama Mandir
|Dharwad
|1915/17
|-
|45
|Sri Vishwanatha Seetha Rama chandra Mandira
|[[Gajendragad|Gajendraghada]]
|1916
|-
|46
|Kanchisamudram Rama Mandir
|Kanchisamudram, [[Andhra Pradesh]]
|1923
|-
|47
|Sri Shendurani Ghat Rama Mandir
|
|1923
|-
|48
|Sri Shendurani Ghat Rama Mandir
|Kurundavada
|1929
|-
|49
|Rama Mandir
|[[Vidurashwatha|Viduraashwatha]]
|1930
|-
|50
|Rama Mandira
|[[Indore]]
|1931
|-
|51
|Brahmachaithanya Rama Mandira
|Mandaleshwara
|1932
|-
|52
|Rama Mandira
|Gowdigalli, [[Hubli|Hubbali]]
|1945
|-
|53
|Sri Brahmachaithanya sri Rama Mandira
|[[Chintamani, Karnataka|Chintamani]], Karnataka
|1949
|-
|54
|Rama Mandira
|Kudoor, Karnataka
|1969
|-
|55
|Shri Brahmachaithanya Ashrama & Rama Mandira
|Parvathi Payaatha
|1976
|-
|56
|Rama Mandira
|Hadonahalli
|1983
|-
|57
|Sri Rama Mandira
|Samartha Kuti Bedi, Udavah
|1994
|-
|58
|Rama Mandira
|Vudagyav, [[Pune]]
|1995
|-
|59
|Rama Mandira
|Maardi
|1997
|-
|60
|Maharaja's Paduka Mandirs
|
|
|-
|61
|Maharaja's Paduka Mandirs
|[[Kolhapur]]
|1920
|-
|62
|Rendaalkar Paduka Mandir
|Kolhapur
|1920
|-
|63
|Brahmachaithanya Mutt
|Malad
|1929
|-
|64
|Brahmachaithanya Mutt & Hanuman Mandir
|[[Mandsaur]]
|1947
|-
|65
|Sri Brahmachaithanya Mandir
|[[Bangalore]]
|1972
|-
|66
|Paaduka Mandir
|[[Londa, Karnataka|Londa]]
|1982
|-
|67
|Paaduka Mandir
|[[Hebballi, Dharwad|Hebballi]]
|1984
|-
|68
|Paaduka Mandir
|Halenagara, [[Bhadravati, Karnataka|Bhadravathi]]
|1988
|-
|69
|Gondavale Dhaam
|[[Indore]]
70 Sree Vittala Chaithanya Mandira, [[Chamundipuram, Mysuru, Karnataka]]
|
|}

==In literature==
*''Sri Brahmachaitanya Gondavalekar Maharaj'' – biography by K.V. Belsare<ref name=UPADHYE1976/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.brahmachaitanya.org/sri-brahmachaitanya-grid Pravachane of Shree Maharaj] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115231021/http://www.brahmachaitanya.org/sri-brahmachaitanya-grid |date=15 January 2015 }}
* [http://www.shrigondavalekarmaharaj.org Official website of Gondavalekar Maharaj]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Maharaj, Gondavalekar}}
[[Category:1845 births]]
[[Category:1913 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century Hindu religious leaders]]
[[Category:20th-century Hindu religious leaders]]
[[Category:Bhakti movement]]
[[Category:Marathi Hindu saints]]
[[Category:Meditation]]
[[Category:People from Satara district]]
[[Category:Rama]]
[[Category:Sant Mat]]
[[Category:Vedanta]]

Demul

2026-01-05T13:54:22Z

KristineCharlton: started new details w/ sources...

{{Short description|Village in Himachal Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Demul
| settlement_type = Village
| pushpin_map = India Himachal Pradesh#India3
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Himachal Pradesh, India
| pushpin_relief = yes
| coordinates = {{coord|32.16991|N|78.17913|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Himachal Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lahaul and Spiti district|Lahaul and Spiti]]
| elevation_ft = 14,170
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset = +5:30
| postal_code_type = PIN
| postal_code = 172114
}}
'''Demul''' is a village in [[Himachal Pradesh]], [[India]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Himachal: Snowfall in Lahaul-Spiti district, Manali-Leh highway closed |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/himachal-snowfall-in-lahaul-spiti-district-manali-leh-highway-closed-101696059232465.html |newspaper=Hindustan Times|date=30 September 2023|accessdate=14 August 2025}}</ref> It is located in [[Lahaul and Spiti district|Lahaul and Spiti]] district.<ref>{{Cite web |last=english |title=DEMUL Pin Code - 172114, Spiti All Post Office Areas PIN Codes, Search LAHUL & SPITI Post Office Address |url=https://news.abplive.com/404.html |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=ABP Live |language=en}}</ref> The taluk is Spiti and pincode 172114.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Demul Pin Code {{!}} Postal Code (Zip Code) of Demul, Lahul & Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/pincode/himachal-pradesh/lahul-and-spiti/demul |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=www.indiatvnews.com}}</ref> Demul is a remote settlement and situated at an elevation of 14,170 feet.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-19 |title=Spiti villages, located above 14,000 feet, face water scarcity; villagers in Himachal Pradesh worried about future |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/shimla/spiti-villages-located-above-14000-feet-face-water-scarcity-villagers-in-himachal-pradesh-worried-about-future/articleshow/99611935.cms |access-date=2024-08-22 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

==Economy and demographics==
The village has only a few hundred residents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=CYTRYNOWICZ |first=THOMAS |title=Tourism transforms long-hidden Buddhist valley in Himalayas |url=https://www.durangoherald.com/articles/tourism-transforms-long-hidden-buddhist-valley-in-himalayas/ |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=Durango Herald |language=en-US}}</ref> Most belong to Bodh tribe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Norbu |first=Chhering |last2=Ecosphere |first2=Spiti |date=2020-10-09 |title=An Invisible Paradise in Spiti |url=https://www.voicesofruralindia.org/an-invisible-paradise-in-spiti/ |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=Voices of Rural India |language=en-US}}</ref> They are engaged in agriculture with barley being the main crop.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-05 |title=To Spiti with love |url=https://www.cntraveller.in/magazine-story/to-spiti-with-love/ |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=Condé Nast Traveller India |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Demul village gets threshing machines |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/demul-village-gets-threshing-machines/ |website=Tribune India}}</ref> Other sources of income include tourism and handicrafts.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

==Climate change==
Climate change in recent years has resulted in glaciers retreating in the area, leading to droughts.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2022-05-28 |title=Beyond the beauty: Farmers of Spiti Valley endure the effects of climate change |url=https://101reporters.com/article/environment/Beyond_the_beauty_Farmers_of_Spiti_Valley_endure_the_effects_of_climate_change |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=101Reporters - Compelling stories from grassroots |language=en}}</ref> Falling snow levels have worried villagers about access to water, and also decreased agricultural output.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-19 |title=Parched Spiti villages lose main cash crops |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/shimla/parched-spiti-villages-lose-main-cash-crops/articleshow/99606481.cms |access-date=2024-08-22 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Local NGOs have experimented with dams and artificial glaciers to freeze water before it can flow off the land.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Indian villages feel the impact of retreating glaciers – DW – 11/15/2019 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/living-in-hope-and-fear-beside-indias-retreating-himalayan-glaciers/a-51048519 |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=dw.com |language=en}}</ref>

==Tourism and commercialization==
Demul's inhabitants have benefited from significant development of tourism in recent years.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Nighoskar |first=Devyani |date=2021-06-08 |title=How Spiti Valley Is Blazing A Trail In Rural Tourism |url=https://homegrown.co.in/homegrown-explore/across-many-mountains-experiencing-rural-tourism-in-spiti |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=Homegrown |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Keswani |first=Sumeet |date=2017-06-30 |title=Going Local in the Spiti Valley |url=https://www.outlooktraveller.com/explore/hills/going-local-spiti-valley |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=Outlook Traveller |language=en}}</ref> However, there are concerns related to commercialization.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nighoskar |first=Devyani |date=2021-06-08 |title=Is India's Rural Tourism Industry Helping Or Hurting? |url=https://homegrown.co.in/homegrown-explore/is-indias-rural-tourism-industry-helping-or-hurting |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=Homegrown |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Lahaul and Spiti district]]
[[Category:Villages in Himachal Pradesh]]

Gangaur Ghat

2026-01-02T17:33:35Z

KristineCharlton: started a details w/ refs

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gangaur Ghat
| coordinates = {{Coord|24.579947|N|73.6817402|E|display=it}}
}}

'''Gangaur Ghat''' or Gangori Ghat is a main [[ghat]] situated near the waterfront of [[Lake Pichola]] in [[Udaipur]]. It is situated near the Jagdish Chowk area. It is known for [[Bagore Ki Haveli]], a popular tourist destination of the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=10 Things To Do in Udaipur|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/lifestyle/travel/10-things-to-do-in-udaipur-129375.html|website=Indiatimes.com|date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Times Internet Limited.|access-date=5 September 2016}}</ref>
==Overview==
Gangaur Ghat is a popular destination for celebration of a large number of cultural festivals:

===Gangaur festival===
[[Gangaur]] is one of the most important local festivals in Rajasthan.<ref>{{cite news|title=Where history lives on and on|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/where-history-lives-on-and-on/article6452750.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|date=28 September 2014 |access-date=5 September 2016}}</ref>
Traditional processions of Gangaur commences from the City Palace, and several other places, which passes through various areas of the city. The procession is headed by an old palanquins, chariots, bullock carts and performance by folk artistes. After the processions are complete, the idols of Gan and Gauri are brought to this ghat and immersed in the Lake Pichola from here.

===Jal-Jhulni Ekadashi===
The Jal-Jhulni Gyaras, or Jal-Jhulni Ekadashi is a popular event celebrated around Gangaur Ghat. On the 11th day of each waxing ([[Shukla paksha]]) and waning moon ([[Krishna paksha]]), different processions start from the various parts of the city and end at one point i.e. Gangaur Ghat where people swing the idols of Lord Krishna in child form (Baal Gopal) in the Lake Pichola. These procession are called Ram Revdies.

==See also==
* [[Udaipur]]
* [[Tourist Attractions in Udaipur]]
* [[Lake Pichola]]
* [[City Palace, Udaipur]]
* [[Gangaur]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Udaipur}}

[[Category:Tourist attractions in Udaipur]]
[[Category:Ghats of India]]

Amita Singh

2026-01-01T11:26:35Z

KristineCharlton: creating new biography...

{{short description|Indian political scientist}}
{{Hatnote|Not to be confused with Indian politician and badminton player, [[Ameeta Singh]]}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2025}}

'''Amita Singh''' is an Indian [[Political Scientist|political scientist]], currently serving as a professor of law and governance at [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]], in [[Delhi]], [[India]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Amita Singh|url=https://jnu.ac.in/Faculty/asingh/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=[[Jawaharlal Nehru University]]}}</ref> She is also a member of the [[Indian Council of Social Science Research]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Council Members|url=https://icssr.org/council-members|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=[[Indian Council of Social Science Research]]}}</ref> She is the recipient of numerous awards, and has published widely on public administration in India.<ref name=":0" /> Singh has been criticized for controversial statements made regarding [[Dalits]], [[Muslims]], and [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]].

== Career ==
Singh completed her higher education with a Ph.D. in political science from [[Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University]], in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, and taught at the Vanasthali Vidyapeeth University in [[Rajasthan]], as well as at [[Kamala Nehru College]], [[Lady Shri Ram College]], and [[Pannalal Girdharlal Dayanand Anglo Vedic College|PGDAV College]] in [[Delhi University]].<ref name=":0" /> She is currently a professor at the Centre for the Study of Law and Governance, at [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]].<ref name=":0" /> Singh also serves on a number of government boards and committees in relation to administration and governance.<ref name=":0" /> She is currently the chair of the university's Special Center for Disaster Research.<ref>{{Cite news|title=JNU to launch Master's and Doctorate courses in disaster research - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/jnu-to-launch-masters-and-doctorate-courses-in-disaster-research/articleshow/62882661.cms|access-date=2020-11-23|website=The Times of India|date=12 February 2018 }}</ref>

Singh gained public attention in 2016, when she described [[Dalit]] and [[Muslims|Muslim]] teachers at Jawaharlal Nehru University as 'anti-national'.<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 February 2019|title=JNU professor blames Mehbooba Mufti for Pulwama terror attack, draws JKPDP's flak|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/jnu-professor-mehbooba-mufti-pulwama-terror-attack-1460057-2019-02-19|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-11-23|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> Following this interview, the [[National Commission for Scheduled Castes]], the [[National Commission for Minorities]], and the Delhi Minorities Commission sent Singh and Jawaharlal Nehru University notices asking for an explanation of her remarks, following which Jawaharlal Nehru University instituted proceedings against her as well. Singh stated to media that her comments had been taken out of context, and that she did not know that the interview would be published.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-15|title=JNU asks prof to clear air about remarks against Dalits, Muslims|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/jnu-asks-prof-to-clear-air-about-remarks-against-dalits-muslims/story-kEjZ5Vhc3luCeQrQnleJFM.html|access-date=2020-11-23|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-15|title=Remarks taken out of context, says JNU prof Amita Singh|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/jnuta-condemns-amita-singh-comments-on-dalits-and-muslims/|access-date=2020-11-23|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-14|title=JNU Row: Univ asks Professor Amita Singh to clarify alleged remarks against Dalit and Muslims|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-jnu-asks-professor-amita-singh-to-clarify-alleged-remarks-against-dalit-and-muslims-2189308|access-date=2020-11-23|website=DNA India|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2019-02-19|title=JNU Professor Alleges Mehbooba Mufti Ordered Removal of Checkpoints in Jammu-Srinagar Highway, PDP Files Complaint|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/jnu-professor-alleges-mehbooba-mufti-ordered-removal-of-checkpoints-in-jammu-srinagar-highway-pdp-files-complaint-2041663.html|access-date=2020-11-23|website=News18|language=en}}</ref>

In June 2017, Singh was appointed as a member of the [[Indian Council of Social Science Research]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Controversial JNU prof is new ICSSR member|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/controversial-jnu-prof-is-new-icssr-member-429693|access-date=2020-11-23|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref>

== Controversies ==
In 2016, Singh led a group of professors who accused students and other faculty members at Jawaharlal Nehru University of engaging in illegal activities, in a document that they titled ''Jawaharlal Nehru University: The Den of Secessionism and Terrorism'', and particularly singling out students from Kashmir and North-east India, and describing Muslim and Dalit students as "anti-national".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dossier Calls JNU "Den of Organised Sex Racket"; Students, Professors Allege "Hate Campaign" |url=https://thewire.in/politics/dossier-calls-jnu-den-of-organised-sex-racket-students-professors-allege-hate-campaign |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=The Wire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof who called minorities anti-nationals, becomes ICSSR member |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/delhi/report-prof-who-called-minorities-anti-nationals-becomes-icssr-member-2488062 |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref> In response to her remarks, she was required to appear before the National Commission for Scheduled Castes, for her statements that targeted Dalit students, who have faced historic and ongoing discrimination on the basis of caste.<ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=6 Apr 2016 |title=Caste panel miffed at JNU inaction, to probe slur {{!}} Delhi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/caste-panel-miffed-at-jnu-inaction-to-probe-slur/articleshow/51705319.cms |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

In 2019, Singh asked for the public execution of 40 Kashmiri Indian citizens in exchange for the lives of the service personnel that had been killed in the [[2019 Pulwama attack|Pulwama terror attack]], and in a post on [[Twitter]], publicly accused then Kashmir Chief Minister [[Mehbooba Mufti]] of negligence.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Quint|first=The|date=2019-02-20|title=JNU Prof Blames Mufti for Pulwama Attack, PDP to Take Legal Action|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/mehbooba-mufti-jnu-professor-on-pulwama-attack|access-date=2020-11-23|website=TheQuint|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=JNU prof says Mufti ordered removal of barriers that led to Pulwama attack; PDP to take legal action|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/jnu-prof-says-mufti-ordered-removal-of-barriers-that-led-to-pulwama-attack-pdp-to-take-legal-action/1481958|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-11-23|website=Outlook India}}</ref> Singh subsequently reiterated these remarks in an interview with ''[[The Indian Express|Indian Express]]'', stating that her call for the execution of Indian citizens was so that Chief Minister Mufti would "realise what is pain."<ref name=":3" />

In 2019, Singh was also the subject of a university investigation following allegations of discrimination against Muslim students at Jawaharlal Nehru University. The complaint alleged that she had referred to Muslim students at the university, in particular, those from Kashmir, as terrorists.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2019-01-25|title=Notice to JNU over professor's alleged Islamophobic comments|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/notice-to-jnu-over-professors-alleged-islamophobic-comments-5554348/|access-date=2020-11-23|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> The Jawaharlal Nehru Teachers' Association condemned the remarks and requested an inquiry into her conduct, following which Singh filed a police complaint against the teachers' association.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Woman JNU professor files police complaint against JNUTA president JNUSU secretary|url=https://www.theweek.in/content/archival/wire-updates/national/2019/01/01/des51-dl-jnu-teacher-complaint.html|access-date=2020-11-23|website=The Week|language=en}}</ref> Singh has since filed a criminal complaint against the students who complained to the university about her remarks, accusing them of attempting to incite violence.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-01|title=Woman JNU professor files FIR against JNUTA president, JNUSU secretary over inciting violence|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/woman-jnu-professor-files-fir-against-jnuta-president-jnusu-secretary-over-inciting-violence-5518165/|access-date=2020-11-23|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>

== Awards ==
Singh is the recipient of numerous awards in relation to her work and scholarship.<ref name=":0" />
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Award
|-
|2014
|B''angladesh Nawab Bhadur Syed Nawab Ali Chowdhury National Award'' in the field of women's empowerment
|-
|2009
|''International Lifetime Achievement Award,'' at the International Congress of Women
|-
|2007
|National Legal Aids Authority award for research on the [[2006 Noida serial murders|Nithari killings]]
|-
|2005
|E-Governance Award from the Department of Administrative Reforms, Bhubneshwar, Orissa
|}

== Bibliography ==

* ''Administrative Reforms, Towards Sustainable Practices'' (2005, Sage Publications)
* ''Public Administration - Roots and Wings'' (2002, Galgotia Publications)
* ''The Politics of Environment Administration'' (2001, Galgotia Publications)
* ''Public Administration: the Grassroots Concerns'' (1998, Mittal Publications)
* ''The Political Philosophy of Bertrand Russell'' (1987, Mittal Publications)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Amita}}
[[Category:Indian political scientists]]
[[Category:Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University alumni]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Jawaharlal Nehru University]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Women political scientists]]

Aryanandi (born 1907)

2025-12-18T12:53:47Z

KristineCharlton: creating new post

{{Short description | Jain monk who established schools in Maharashtra}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| honorific-prefix = [[Acharya]]
| name = Aryanandi
| image =
| caption =
| religion = [[Jainism]]
| sect = [[Digambara]]
| official_name = Acharya Aryanandi
| birth_name = Shankar
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1907|2|28}}
| birth_place = Dhorkin Also Known As Aryanandi nagar, [[Paithan]], [[British India]] (now [[Aurangabad District, Maharashtra|Aurangabad district]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]])
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2000|2|8|1907|2|28}}
| death_place = Navagad, [[Parbhani]], [[Maharashtra]]
| parents = Laxmanrao, Krishnabai Ahmindra
| initiation_name = Aryanandi
| initiator = Muni [[Samantabhadra (Jain monk)|Samantabhadra]]
| initiation_place = [[Kunthalgiri]], [[Maharashtra]]
| initiation_date = 13 November 1959
| website = {{URL|http://aryanandiseva.com}}
}}
{{Jainism}}
[[Acharya]] '''Aryanandi''' was a prominent [[Jain monk]] of the early 20th century. He is best known for his work in establishing several Jain schools in the Indian state of Maharashtra.<ref name="google1" /> Several Jain monks before him have also been named Aryanandi.<ref name="nam" /><ref name="granth" />

==Biography==
Acharya Aryanandi was born in the village of Dhorkin Also Known As Aryanandi Nagar, [[Paithan]], [[Aurangabad District, Maharashtra|Aurangabad district]], [[Maharashtra]], India.<ref name="ellora" /><ref name="seva" /> He has been the only [[Jain acharya]] from the [[Saitwal]] community in recent times. He was married in 1927 and had three children, however in 1953 he retired and decided to give up the worldly life. He was He took the brahmacharya vrata from [[Acharya Shantisagar]] in 1955.<ref>[http://www.swahitwal.com/images/S_Images/Magazine/Issue07.pdf Swahitwal sandesh, p.6]</ref> He was initiated as a muni by Muni Samanthabhadra at Kunthalgiri, Maharashtra, on 13 November 1959. He took sallekhana on 8 February 2000 at Navagad (Parbhani).<ref>[https://www.jinaagamsaar.com/aacharya/aaryanandi.php आचार्य श्री १०८ आर्यनंदी जी महाराज, 2012]</ref>

==Contributions==
He was held in high esteem and is best remembered for the setting up of several Jain schools in Maharashtra,<ref name="google1"/> including the Acharya Arya Nandi Lecture Hall in [[Ellora Caves|Ellora]], [[Aurangabad District, Maharashtra|Aurangabad district]], Maharashtra.<ref name="pushp" /> The Jain Gurukul at Ellora was also established by him.<ref name="data" /><ref name="gurukul" /> The noted German Jainologist, Hermann Kuhn, studied [[Jain scriptures]] extensively under the tutelage of Acharya Aryanandi.<ref name="benadi" /><ref name="samaj" />

== See also ==
* [[Acharya Shantisagar]]
* [[Jainism in Maharashtra]]

==References==
<references>
<ref name="google1">{{cite book|author1=Kurt Titze|author2=Klaus Bruhn|title=Jainism: A Pictorial Guide to the Religion of Non-violence|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=loQkEIf8z5wC&pg=PA25|year=1998|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publ.|isbn=978-81-208-1534-6}}</ref>
<ref name="nam">{{cite web |url=http://www.jainworld.com/jainbooks/asceticism/ch25.asp |title=Jain World |publisher=Jain World |access-date=2013-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050222/http://www.jainworld.com/jainbooks/asceticism/ch25.asp |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name="granth">{{cite web |url=http://www.jaingranth.com/articledetail.php?id=7 |title=Online Jain granth, Games, Tirth Darshan, Jainism, Jain Article, Acharya suvidhisagarji |publisher=JainGranth.com |access-date=2013-02-09 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
<ref name="ellora">{{cite book|author=José Pereira|title=Monolithic Jinas: The Iconography of the Jain Temples of Ellora|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EbGdZeQNfWsC&pg=PR17|year=1977|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers|isbn=978-0-8426-1027-8}}</ref>
<ref name="seva">{{cite web|url=http://aryanandiseva.com/ |title=Aryanandi Educational and Charitable Trust |publisher=Aryanandiseva.com |access-date=2013-02-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130711052913/http://aryanandiseva.com/ |archive-date=11 July 2013 }}</ref>
<ref name="pushp">{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20071022062815/http://www.jainpushp.org/Educational_Institutes.htm Educational Institutes - study in Jainism - Jainpushp.org]}}</ref>
<ref name="data">{{cite web|url=http://www.jaindata.com/jain_temple/shri-prashwanath-digambar-jain-pahad-mandir-ellora-verul___eb73318f-ba40-433e-bbba-08048b62dc6f/Details.aspx |title=Shri Prashwanath Digambar Jain (Pahad) Mandir, Ellora (Verul) |publisher=Jaindata.com |date=2011-01-16 |access-date=2013-02-09}}</ref>
<ref name="gurukul">{{cite web |url=http://ellorajaingurukul.com/ |title=Welcome to Shri Parshvanatha Brahmacharyashram, Gurukul |publisher=Ellorajaingurukul.com |date=1962-06-07 |access-date=2013-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930145641/http://ellorajaingurukul.com/ |archive-date=30 September 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name="benadi">{{cite web|author=Benadi, Ajit K. |url=http://www.herenow4u.net/index.php?id=65293 |title=Article Archive | Jain Diaspora - A German View |publisher=Herenow4u.net |date=2008-06-18 |access-date=2013-02-09}}</ref>
<ref name="samaj">{{cite web |url=http://www.jainsamaj.org/magazines/ahimsatimesshow.php?id=160 |title=Jainism Ahimsa News Religious Non-Violence Celebrities Literature Philosophy Matrimonial Institutions |publisher=Jainsamaj.org |access-date=2013-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103192046/http://www.jainsamaj.org/magazines/ahimsatimesshow.php?id=160 |archive-date=3 November 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
</references>

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130711052913/http://aryanandiseva.com/ Aryanandi Educational and Charitable Trust]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150930145641/http://ellorajaingurukul.com/ Shri Parshvanatha Brahmacharyashram, Gurukul]

{{Jain Gurus}}
{{Jainism topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aryanandi, Acharya}}
[[Category:Jain acharyas]]
[[Category:1907 births]]
[[Category:2000 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Indian Jain monks]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian Jains]]
[[Category:20th-century Jain monks]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian monks]]

Karaikkudi Junction railway station

2025-12-04T02:40:03Z

KristineCharlton:

{{Short description|Railway junction in Tamil Nadu, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Karaikkudi Junction
[[File:|thumb|]]
| type = [[File:Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg|30px]] [[Indian Railways]] station
| style = Indian Railways
| image = Karaikudi Junction Front Elevation.jpg
| image_size = Karaikudi Junction
| image_caption = Entrance of Karaikudi Junction
[[File:Karaikudi Junction Railway Station.jpg|thumb|Karaikudi Junction Railway Station]]
| address = Ariyakudi Road, [[Karaikudi]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
| country = India
| coordinates = {{coord|10.0678|78.7924|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| elevation =
| line = [[Thiruvarur]]–[[Karaikudi]],
[[Tiruchirappalli]]–[[Karaikudi]], [[Karaikudi]]-[[Manamadurai]]
| connections = [[Taxi]], [[Auto rickshaw]], town buses are available
| distance =
| structure = Category NSG4
| platform = 5
| depth =
| levels =
| tracks = 8
| parking = Yes
| bicycle = Yes
| opened = 1 July 1930
| closed = 
| rebuilt = {{Start date and age|2008}}
| electrified = Yes
| code = {{Indian railway code
| code = KKDI
| zone = [[Southern Railway zone]]
| division = {{rwd|Madurai}}
}}
| owned = [[Indian Railways]]
| operator = [[Southern Railway zone]]
| zone = [[Indian Railways]]
| status = Functioning
| former =
| passengers = 711,396 (per year) 1,949 (per day)
| pass_system =
| pass_year = 2022–23
| pass_percent =
| pass_rank =
| mpassengers =
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Indian Railways
|line=Southern Railway zone|left=Kottaiyur|right=Devakottai Road|to-left=Tiruchirappalli Junction|to-right=Manamadurai Junction|type=[[Tiruchirappalli]]–[[Manamadurai]] line}}
{{Adjacent stations|system=Indian Railways
|line=Southern Railway zone|left=Kandanur Puduvayal|right=Devakottai Road|to-left=Thiruvarur Junction|to-right=Manamadurai Junction|type=[[Thiruvarur]]–[[Karaikudi]] line}}
| map_type = India Tamil Nadu
| map_dot_label = Karaikkudi railway station
| map_size = 300
| map_caption = Location in [[Tamil Nadu]] #Location in India
| route_map = {{Thiruvarur–Karaikkudi line}}
| map_state = collapsed
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-caption = Interactive map
| mapframe-custom = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=300|frame-height=180|zoom=14|type=point|marker=rail}}
}}

'''Karaikkudi Junction''' (station code: KKDI) is an NSG–4 category [[List of railway stations in India|railway station]] located in south-eastern part of [[Karaikudi Municipal Corporation]] in the [[India|Indian]] state of [[Tamil Nadu]].
It is the principle rail-head in the city that serves [[Karaikudi Metropolitan Area]], falling under the jurisdiction of [[Madurai railway division]] of [[Southern Railway zone]].<ref name="sr_stn">{{cite web |title=SOUTHERN RAILWAY LIST OF STATIONS AS ON 01.04.2023 (CATEGORY- WISE) |url=https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1686913242750-SR%20-LIST%20OF%20STATIONS-2023.pdf |website=Portal of Indian Railways |publisher=Centre For Railway Information Systems |access-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323095403/https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1686913242750-SR%20-LIST%20OF%20STATIONS-2023.pdf |archive-date=23 March 2024 |page=4 |date=1 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="map">{{cite web|title=Madurai Division System Map|url=http://www.sr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1381729275720-Wttmdu.31.12.pdf|website=Southern Railway|access-date=14 May 2017}}</ref> It is the major junction of the [[Chettinad]] region and the surrounding areas of [[Sivaganga district]].<ref name="annual_earnings">{{cite web |title=Annual Originating Passengers & Earnings for the year 2022-23 |url=https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1707457097521-Originating%202022-23.pdf |website=Portal of Indian Railways |publisher=Centre For Railway Information Systems |access-date=6 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405104303/https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1707457097521-Originating%202022-23.pdf |archive-date=5 April 2024 |page=1}}</ref> It is one of the 73 stations in Tamil Nadu to be named for upgradation under ''Amrit Bharat Station Scheme'' of Indian Railways.<ref>{{cite news |title=AMRIT BHARAT STATIONS |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1897980 |access-date=6 April 2024 |work=Press Information Bureau |date=10 Feb 2023 |location=New Delhi}}</ref> Along with this main junction, Karaikudi City has the following [[Railway stations in Karaikudi|Suburban Stations]] around the city.

[[File:Karaikudi Junction Railway Station Entrance.jpg|thumb|Karaikudi Junction]]

== History ==
[[Karaikudi]] station was constructed as a part of Pudukkottai–Sivaganga railway line during the 1930s.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Imperial gazette of India 1909|url=https://wiki.fibis.org/images/0/08/South_Indian_Railway_1909.png}}</ref> Initially during its older days this station acted as an ordinary railway station when the Tiruturaipundi Aranthangi line was extended to Karaikudi, it became a junction railway station. It became as a junction by connecting all the three terminal lines they are Manamadurai Sivagangai Railway line, Trichinopoly Pudukkottai Railway line and Tiruturaipundi Aranthangi Railway line. Being a junction station, three rail lines emerge from the station, one towards Tiruchirappalli Junction, another to Thiruthuraipoondi junction and the third and final one Manamadurai Junction.

== Overview ==
Being a [[Junction station]], three rail lines emerge from the station, one towards {{stnlnk|Tiruchirappalli Junction}},<ref name=PKBG>{{cite news|title=Broad gauge line inauguration today|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/broad-gauge-line-inauguration-today/article1844391.ece|access-date=27 May 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 May 2007}}</ref> another to [[Manamadurai Junction railway station|Manamadurai Junction]]<ref name=ktins>{{cite news|last=R. Rajaram|title=Karaikudi–Tiruvarur section inspected|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/karaikuditiruvarur-section-inspected/article2225694.ece|access-date=27 May 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=14 July 2011}}</ref> and the third and final one towards [[Tiruturaipundi Junction railway station|Thiruthuraipoondi Junction]].<ref name=opened>{{cite news|title=Nod for rail traffic between Karaikudi and Manamadurai|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/26/stories/2008062654650500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080628141118/http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/26/stories/2008062654650500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 June 2008|access-date=27 May 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=26 June 2008|location=Chennai}}</ref><ref name=vmline>{{cite news|title=Virudhunagar-Manamadurai BG track to be ready by April|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/virudhunagarmanamadurai-bg-track-to-be-ready-by-april/article4423941.ece|access-date=27 May 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=kmline>{{cite news|last=S. Chidambaram|title=Virudhunagar-Karaikudi passenger service to begin today|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/virudhunagarkaraikudi-passenger-service-to-begin-today/article5103181.ece|access-date=27 May 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=7 September 2013}}</ref>

== Administration ==
It is a major as well as an important passing station present on the [[Tiruchirappalli]]–[[Manamadurai]] railway line.<ref name=opened/><ref name=atm>{{cite news|title=Karaikudi and Manaparai stations to get ATMs soon|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/karaikudi-and-manaparai-stations-to-get-atms-soon/article1170747.ece|access-date=27 May 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=3 January 2008}}</ref> It also operates an inland container depot (railway goods shed) at Chettinad railway station.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Rajaram|first=R.|date=2020-04-09|title=Amid lockdown, Tiruchi Railway Division moves over 3 lakh metric tonnes of freight|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/tiruchi-railway-division-moves-over-3-lakh-metric-tonnes-of-freight/article31300141.ece|access-date=2020-12-14|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> It houses offices of ADEN, JE(P.way) and SSE TRD at Karaikkudi for regular train operations.

== Performance and earnings ==
For the FY 2022–23, the annual earnings of the station was {{INRConvert|98579082}} and daily earnings was {{INRConvert|270080}}. For the same financial year, the annual passenger count was 711,396 and daily count was 1,949. While, the footfall per day was recorded as 3,975.<ref name="annual_earnings" />

== Services ==
[[Karaikudi]] is well connected with the capital city [[Chennai]]. Most of the trains bound to Chennai, [[Manamadurai]], [[Rameswaram]] and [[Kanyakumari]] from [[Tiruchirappalli]] pass through this station, with every train having a stoppage here for a minimum of 5–10 minutes.<ref name=opened/>

* BG single line towards {{stnlnk|Thiruvarur Junction}} – main line via [[Aranthangi railway station|Aranthangi]], [[Pattukkottai]], {{stnlnk|Thiruthuraipoondi Junction}}
* BG Electrified single line towards {{stnlnk|Tiruchirappalli Junction}} via [[Pudukkottai railway station|Pudukkottai]]
* BG Electrified single line towards {{stnlnk|Manamadurai Junction}} via [[Sivaganga railway station|Sivaganga]]

== New railway lines in proposal ==

Below projects are surveyed and waiting for funds since long time.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-04-30 |title=PROGRESS OF SURVEYS (Tamilnadu) AS ON 30-04-2014 |url=https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1399881183201-Progress_of_Surveys.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140724182609/https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1399881183201-Progress_of_Surveys.pdf |archive-date=2014-07-24 |website=sr.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>

1. Madurai–Melur–Tirupattur–Karaikudi new BG line: Reconnaissance Engineering cum Traffic Survey for a new BG line between Karaikkudi and Madurai via Melur and Thirupattur (85.70 km) was conducted and Survey Report was sent to Railway Board on 27.11.2014. This project was shelved by Railway Board.
<ref>{{cite news |title=New Railway Route |url=https://st2.indiarailinfo.com/kjfdsuiemjvcya1/0/8/4/9/5381849/0/annexuretpj7729918.pdf |agency=Indian Railway}}</ref>

2. Karaikudi-Natham-Dindigul new BG line: Reconnaissance Engineering cum Traffic Survey for a new BG line between Karaikkudi and Dindigul via Thirupattur and Natham (105.60 km) was conducted and Survey Report was sent to Railway Board on 06.07.2015. This project was shelved by Railway Board.
<ref>{{cite news |title=New Railway Route |url=https://st2.indiarailinfo.com/kjfdsuiemjvcya1/0/8/4/9/5381849/0/annexuretpj7729918.pdf |agency=Indian Railway}}</ref>

3. Karaikudi-Devakottai-Ramanathapuram-Tuticorin new BG line: Reconnaissance Engineering cum Traffic Survey for a new BG line between Karaikkudi and Tuticorin via Devakkottai and Ramanathapuram (214.81 km) was conducted and Survey Report was sent to Railway Board on 30.08.2011. This project was shelved by Railway Board.
<ref>{{cite news |title=New Railway Route |url=https://st2.indiarailinfo.com/kjfdsuiemjvcya1/0/8/4/9/5381849/0/annexuretpj7729918.pdf |agency=Indian Railway}}</ref>

== References ==

{{Reflist}}
{{Railway stations in Tamil Nadu}}

[[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 1930]]
[[Category:Madurai railway division]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Sivaganga district]]
[[Category:Railway junction stations in Tamil Nadu]]

Chongdan village

2025-11-26T22:47:25Z

KristineCharlton: started first place and citations

{{More citations needed|date=December 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chongdan
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = Chondan tui
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Manipur#India
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Manipur, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24|43|24|N|94|18|21|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Manipur]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kamjong]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Panchayati raj (India)]]
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 336
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tangkhul language|Tangkhul]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 795142
| registration_plate = MN
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Ukhrul]] [[Imphal]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank2_info_sec1 = 75.81%
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = Outer Manipur
| blank4_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank4_info_sec1 = [[Phungyar]]
| website = {{URL|manipur.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Chongdan''' is a [[Tangkhul people|Tangkhul]] village in [[Kamjong District]], Manipur state, India. The villages fall under [[Kasom]] sub division. The village is connected by National Highway 102 that connects Shangshak-Yairipok. Chongdan is flanked by Bongbal Khullen in the west, [[Leihaoram]] in the south, [[Ashang Khullen]] in the east and [[Itham]] in the north. Locally, the inhabitants speak Chongdan dialect that belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family.

==Total population==
According to 2011 census, Chongdan consists of 61 households with the total of 336 people. The average sex ratio of the village is 1,049 female to 1,000 male which is higher than Manipur state average of 985. Literacy rate of Chongdan is 75.81% with male literacy rate at 86.39% and female literacy rate at 66.26%.

==People and occupation==
The village is home to people of Tangkhul Naga tribe. Majority of the inhabitants are Christians. Agriculture is the primary occupation of the inhabitants. The village is known in the district for its reserve natural environment, flora and fauna.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Ukhrul district]]

2017 Ennore oil spill

2025-11-25T05:19:51Z

KristineCharlton: creating a post...

{{Short description|Oil spill in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox oil spill
| name =2017 Ennore oil spill or the Chennai oil spill
| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =Spilled oil on the shoreline of the famous place near Chenna, Ennore
| location =[[Ennore]], [[Chennai]]
| coordinates = {{coord|13.228166|N|80.363333|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Trajectory of Oil Spill |date=28 January 2017|url=http://www.incois.gov.in/WEBSITE_FILES/OSF_FILES/forecast/Bulletins/Bulletinonoil_spill_trajectory.pdf|publisher=Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)|accessdate=7 February 2017}}</ref>
| spill_date = 28 January 2017
| cause = Collision between the LPG tanker and oil tanker
| operator =
| casualties = None
| area =
| coast = [[Coromandel Coast]]
}}
The '''2017 Ennore oil spill''' occurred outside the [[Kamarajar Port]] in [[Ennore]] near [[Chennai]] in [[Tamil Nadu]], India.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/Pollution-central-the-Ennore-oil-spill/article17124053.ece|title=Pollution central: in thEnnore oil spill|date=31 January 2017|work=The Hindu|access-date=27 February 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.uniindia.com/two-oil-ships-off-ennore-port-indian-coast-guard-on-alert/india/news/763312.html|title=Two oil ships collide off Ennore port, Indian Coast Guard on alert|date=28 January 2017|newspaper=United News of India (UNI)|access-date=7 February 2017}}</ref> The spill occurred on 28 January 2017 when an outbound empty tanker ''BW Maple'' collided with an inbound loaded oil tanker ''Dawn Kanchipuram'' at 04:00 local time.

==Location==
The collision occurred two [[nautical mile]]s off Kamarajar Port in [[Ennore]], a natural harbour about 20 km north of [[Chennai]] on the [[Coromandel Coast]]. The [[Ennore Creek]] (swampy backwater traversing over 13 km between [[Pulicat Lake]] in the north and [[Kosasthalaiyar River]] in the south and emptying into the [[Bay of Bengal]]) separates the town of Ennore from the Government held public company Kamarajar Port.

==Timeline==
The two ships collided at 4 am on 27 January 2017. In the morning, the Kamarajar port authority released a press statement that there is no damage to the environment and no casualty or injury to persons. It also indicated that both vessels are safely anchored and the extents of damage to the vessels are under assessment.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ennoreport.gov.in/press_note_jan28_2017.pdf|title=Press Note – Kamarajar Port|date=28 January 2017|access-date=7 February 2017}}</ref> By afternoon, oil spill sheen was visible with dead turtles being washed ashore and residents of nearby coastal areas reporting a strong smell of oil.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/Chennai-oil-spill-dooms-turtles/article17113513.ece|title=Chennai oil spill dooms turtles|date=29 January 2017|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=7 February 2017|language=en}}</ref> The [[Indian Coast Guard]] confirmed they were assessing the situation and providing assistance required. The Coast Guard also said that the spill would be contained in less than 24 hours.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2017/jan/29/oil-spill-across-kamarajar-port-after-ships-collide-off-ennore-port-1564634.html|title=Oil spill across Kamarajar Port after ships collide off Ennore Port|last=Shivakumar|first=C|date=29 January 2017|newspaper=The New Indian Express (TNIE)|access-date=7 February 2017}}</ref>

Investigation into the cause of the collision began on 29 January 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/%E2%80%98Misjudgment-caused-collision-of-ships%E2%80%99/article17113500.ece|title=Misjudgment caused collision of ships|last=Anand|first=N|date=29 January 2017|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=7 February 2017|language=en}}</ref> On 30 January 2017, the Kamarajar Port released a note claiming that there is no major damage to the environment or injury to persons and some sheens of oil traces were observed. It also stated that oil booms was deployed as a precautionary measure around the vessel Dawn Kanchipuram to contain seepage if any. The ship was subsequently brought into the port and berthed it after its cargo was discharged and vehicle inspections for damage assessment did not yield any evidence of an oil spill barring 'some sheens of oil traces', the press note said. The fishing community claimed that hundreds of fish had died and that they were unable to go for fishing because the spillage had come up to the shore.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/Oil-pollution-threatens-Chennai%E2%80%99s-beaches-too/article17118935.ece|title=Oil pollution threatens Chennai’s beaches too|last=Ramakrishnan|first=Deepa H.|work=The Hindu|access-date=27 February 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://newstodaynet.com/chennai/dead-turtles-fish-wash-ashore-after-collision|title=Dead turtles, fish wash ashore after collision|date=30 January 2017|newspaper=News Today|access-date=7 February 2017|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208035814/http://newstodaynet.com/chennai/dead-turtles-fish-wash-ashore-after-collision|archive-date=8 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Containment and cleanup==
On 31 January 2017, the [[district collector]] of [[Tiruvallur district|Thiruvallur]] confirmed in a press meet that an oil spill took place after the incident on 28 January with [[Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board]] and the Fisheries Department being deployed to look into the situation. Manual efforts to remove the oil spill were made by the [[Indian Coast Guard|Coast Guard]], in addition to helicopter sorties to monitor the spread and assist in its removal. Three heavy buckets were used for removing the oil spill by [[Chennai Corporation]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/oil-spill-in-chennai-sea-being-cleared-official-866530-2017-01-31|title=Oil spill in Chennai sea being cleared: Official|date=31 January 2017|newspaper=India Today via PTI|access-date=7 February 2017}}</ref> On 5 February, the then Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu [[O. Panneerselvam]] visited the site and declared that 90% of the clean up work was over with the remainder expected to be completed in a couple of days. He claimed tests had shown that the spill had not affected marine life, with fish safe for consumption, and also promised livelihood relief to the local fishing community.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2017/feb/05/90-percent-spill-cleared-fish-safe-for-consumption-cm-panneerselvam-on-chennai-oil-spill-1567244.html|title=90 percent spill cleared, fish safe for consumption: CM Panneerselvam on Chennai oil spill|date=5 February 2017|newspaper=The New Indian Express (TNIE)|access-date=7 February 2017}}</ref> On 6 February, it was revealed that the viscous heavy oil being cleaned was [[Bunker fuel|heavy bunker fuel]] caused by a rupture in the fuel tanks of the oil tanker ''Dawn Kanchipuram'' and not from its cargo.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/oil-spill-outbound-ship-didnt-heed-pilots-warning-of-collision/articleshow/57011581.cms|title=Oil spill: Outbound ship didn't heed pilot's warning of collision|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=7 February 2017}}</ref>

As on 7 February, the efforts to manage the oil spill had yielded approximately 160 [[metric tonnes]] of sludge,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/video/chennai-oil-spill-tamil-nadu-cm-promises-normalcy-soon-844239-2017-02-05|title=Chennai oil spill: Tamil Nadu CM promises normalcy soon|date=5 February 2017|website=indiatoday.intoday.in/videos|access-date=7 February 2017}}</ref> removed by over 5700 people.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/chennai-oil-spill-health-hazards-of-this-ecological-nightmare-are-monumental-3270568.html|title=Chennai oil spill: Health hazards of this ecological nightmare are monumental|date=7 January 2017|newspaper=Firstpost.com|access-date=7 January 2017|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/chennai-oil-spill-sludge-cleaning-efforts-move-at-snails-pace-as-state-depts-pass-buck-to-each-other-3269966.html|title=Chennai oil spill: Sludge-cleaning efforts move at snail's pace as state depts pass buck to each other|date=7 February 2017|newspaper=Firstpost.com|access-date=7 February 2017|language=en-US}}</ref>

In February 2017, the [[Indian Coast Guard]] said that approximately an area of {{convert|34000|m2}} was affected.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Thangavelu|first1=Dharani|title=Chennai oil spill: 72 tonnes of oil sludge collected, says Coast Guard|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/l4mQHpv2BgWmVssxxvSpKP/Chennai-oil-spill-72-tonnes-of-oil-sludge-collected-says-C.html|website=Livemint|accessdate=2 March 2017|date=3 February 2017}}</ref> He stated that 95 per cent of the spill was towards north of the [[Chennai Port]] with sludge accumulating over a length of {{convert|800|m}} spread across 11 spots. He added that the shores of the city's [[Marina Beach]] suffered minimum impact and that the shoreline of the suburb [[Tiruvallur]] had oil accumulation over a {{convert|3|km}} stretch.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chennai oil spill: Men and machines fight black wave|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/men-and-machines-fight-black-wave/articleshow/56900838.cms|website=The Times of India|accessdate=2 March 2017|date=2 February 2017}}</ref> The volume of the spill was estimated at {{convert|9.9|e6USgal|m3}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chennai Oil Spill|url=http://oil.piratelab.org/news/chennai-oil-spill/|publisher=oil.piratelab.org|accessdate=2 March 2017|date=7 February 2017}}</ref>

==Criticism==
The Government of Tamil Nadu was criticized for its failures in [[crisis communication]] and [[Contingency management|contingency response]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/oil-spill-were-well-prepared-on-paper-but-sluggish-response-made-preparedness-a-joke-4505901/|title=Oil Spill: We’re well prepared on paper but sluggish response made preparedness a joke|last=Mazoomdaar|first=Jay|date=3 February 2017|newspaper=The Indian Express|access-date=7 February 2017|language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Disasters in India in 2017}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ennore oil spill}}
[[Category:2017 disasters in India]]
[[Category:2017 in the environment]]
[[Category:2017 industrial disasters]]
[[Category:Environment of Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:2010s in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:January 2017 in India]]
[[Category:Oil spills in India]]
[[Category:Disasters in Tamil Nadu]]

Manirul Islam Sarkar

2025-11-13T07:32:58Z

KristineCharlton: Data - done

{{Short description|Meghalaya politician}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Manirul Islam Sarkar
| native_name = মনিরুল ইসলাম সরকার
| office = Member of [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 1993
| term_end = 1998
| constituency = [[Phulbari Assembly constituency|Phulbari]]
| predecessor = [[Parimal Rava]]
| successor = [[Abu Taher Mondal]]
| birth_date = 1965
| birth_place = [[Phulbari Assembly constituency|Chibinang]], [[Meghalaya]]
| death_place = [[Guwahati]], [[Assam]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2017|12|3|1965||df=y}}
| party = [[Indian National Congress]] (2008) [[Samajwadi Party]] (2013) [[National People's Party (India)|National People's Party]] (2014–2017)
| alma_mater = [[Gauhati University]]
| relatives = [[S. G. Esmatur Mominin]] (brother)
| children = 1 son, 2 daughters
}}
'''Manirul Islam Sarkar''' ({{langx|bn|মনিরুল ইসলাম সরকার}}; 1965 – 3 December 2017) was an Indian [[Bengalis|Bengali]] politician and teacher. He was the former two-time member of the [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]] for the [[Phulbari Assembly constituency|Phulbari Assembly Constituency]] in [[West Garo Hills district]]. Sarkar was also the Cabinet Minister for Agriculture and Transport.<ref name=net/><ref name=shil/>

==Early life and education==
Sarkar was born into a [[Bengali Muslim]] family in [[Phulbari Assembly constituency|Chibinang]], [[Meghalaya]]. His father was [[Abdul Jabbar Sarkar]]. Sarkar graduated from the [[Gauhati University]] in 1989 with a [[Bachelor of Science]] honour.<ref name=my/>

==Career==
Sarkar began his career as a teacher before stepping into politics. Despite being an independent candidate, he defeated his rival [[Akramozzaman]] of the [[Indian National Congress]] at the [[1993 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]], winning a seat at the [[Phulbari Assembly constituency|Phulbari constituency]].<ref name="net">{{cite web|url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/phulbari-meghalaya-assembly-constituency|website=Result University|title=Phulbari Assembly Constituency|access-date=5 July 2022}}</ref> He lost to [[Abu Taher Mondal]] at the [[1998 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]], but made a comeback at the [[2003 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]. He competed in the [[2008 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]] as an [[Indian National Congress]] candidate and in the [[2013 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]] as a [[Samajwadi Party]] candidate but was defeated again by [[Abu Taher Mondal]]. In 2014, he joined the [[National People's Party (India)|National People's Party]].<ref name=shil/>

He has purchased vast amounts of land in Bholarbhita, Goladighli and Bangalkata.<ref name=my>{{cite web|url=https://myneta.info/meghalaya2013/candidate.php?candidate_id=253|title=Manirul Islam Sarkar|website=My Neta|access-date=5 July 2022}}</ref> Sarkar also served as the chairman for Meghalaya Transport Corporation and the Minister of Agriculture & Transport.<ref name=shil>{{cite news|work=[[The Shillong Times]]|url=https://theshillongtimes.com/2017/12/04/former-minister-manirul-islam-sarkar-no-more/|title=Former minister Manirul Islam Sarkar no more|date=4 December 2018}}</ref>

==Later life and death==
He later migrated to [[Guwahati]] in [[Assam]] where he established himself at the Meghalaya House. Sarkar suffered from a heart attack on 1 November 2017 and taken to hospital. He went to [[Chennai]] on 9 November and had a successful operation, returning to Guwahati on 17 November. As a result of a second heart attack, Sarkar died on 3 December 2017.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2017/dec/03/former-meghalaya-minister-manirul-islam-sarkar-dies-1717570.html|work=[[New Indian Express]]|date=3 December 2017|title=Former Meghalaya minister Manirul Islam Sarkar dies|author=PTI|location=[[Tura, Meghalaya]]}}</ref> His funeral, conducted in his home village of Chibinang in Meghalaya, was attended by thousands including the senior representatives of the [[National People's Party (India)|National People's Party]] as well as his political rival [[Abu Taher Mondal]]. Among his brothers is politician [[S. G. Esmatur Mominin|S G Esmatur Mominin]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sarkar, Manirul Islam}}
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Meghalaya]]
[[Category:Meghalaya MLAs 1993–1998]]
[[Category:1965 births]]
[[Category:2017 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengali people]]
[[Category:21st-century Bengali people]]
[[Category:People from West Garo Hills district]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslims]]
[[Category:Gauhati University alumni]]
[[Category:Bengali Muslims]]
[[Category:Muslims from Meghalaya]]

Sk Faiaz

2025-10-07T12:56:43Z

KristineCharlton: New new entry

{{Short description|Indian footballer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Sk Faiaz
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| fullname = Sheikh Faiaz
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1995|3|3|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Makardaha]], [[Howrah]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| height =
| currentclub = [[Thrissur Magic FC|Thrissur Magic]]
| clubnumber =
| position = [[Midfielder#Winger|Winger]]
| youthyears1 =
| youthclubs1 = [[Eastern Railway FC|Eastern Railway]]
| years1 = 2015–2017
| clubs1 = [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
| caps1 = 15
| goals1 = 2
| years2 = 2017–2018
| clubs2 = [[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]]
| caps2 = 18
| goals2 = 2
| years3 = 2018
| clubs3 = → [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]] (loan)
| caps3 = 1
| goals3 = 0
| years4 = 2018–2019
| clubs4 = [[ATK (football club)|ATK]]
| caps4 = 0
| goals4 = 0
| years5 = 2018–2019
| clubs5 = → [[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]] (loan)
| caps5 = 13
| goals5 = 0
| years6 = 2019–2020
| clubs6 = [[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]]
| caps6 = 4
| goals6 = 0
| years7 = 2020–2024
| clubs7 = [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
| caps7 = 52
| goals7 = 7
| years8 = 2025–
| clubs8 = [[Thrissur Magic FC|Thrissur Magic]]
| caps8 =
| goals8 =
| nationalyears1 =
| nationalteam1 =
| nationalcaps1 =
| nationalgoals1 =
| club-update = 23:32, 11 March 2023 (UTC)
| ntupdate =
}}

'''Sk Faiaz''' (born 3 March 1995) is an Indian professional [[association football|footballer]] who plays as a [[Midfielder#Winger|winger]] for the [[Super League Kerala]] club [[Thrissur Magic FC|Thrissur Magic]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://i-league.org/mohammedan-midfielder-faiaz-draws-inspiration-from-bagans-hero-i-league-triumph/|title=Mohammedan midfielder Faiaz ‘draws inspiration’ from Bagan’s Hero I-League triumph|website=i-league.org|date=28 September 2020}}</ref>

==Career==
Faiaz was registered by [[Mohammedan S.C. (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]] in July 2017 before the [[2017 CFL Premier Division|2017–18 Calcutta Premier Division]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Mohammedan Sporting Sign Nine Players At IFA Office!|url=https://www.lntup.com/2017/07/27/mohammedan-sporting-sign-nine-players-at-ifa-office/|access-date=25 November 2017|work=lntup|date=27 July 2017|archive-date=20 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171220140615/https://www.lntup.com/2017/07/27/mohammedan-sporting-sign-nine-players-at-ifa-office/|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 20 August 2017, Faiaz scored a brace for Mohammedan against [[Southern Samity]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Faiaz stars in Mohammedan win|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-sports/faiaz-stars-in-mohammedan-win/article19532075.ece|access-date=25 November 2017|work=The Hindu|date=21 August 2017}}</ref>

After the local season with Mohammedan, Faiaz joined [[Mohun Bagan A.C.|Mohun Bagan]] in the [[I-League]]. He made his debut for the club on 25 November 2017 in their opening match against [[Minerva Punjab FC|Minerva Punjab]]. He came on as a 66th minute substitute for [[Chesterpoul Lyngdoh]] as Mohun Bagan drew 1–1.<ref>{{cite web|title=Minerva Punjab 1-1 Mohun Bagan|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/11/25/india/i-league/india-minerva-fc/mohun-bagan-ac/2683962/|website=Soccerway}}</ref>

== Career statistics ==
=== Club ===
{{updated|11 March 2023}}<ref>{{soccerway|sheikh-faiaz/523914}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!rowspan="2"|Club
!rowspan="2"|Season
!colspan="3"|League
!colspan="2"|Cup
!colspan="2"|[[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]
!colspan="2"|Other
!colspan="2"|Total
|-
!Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
|[[2015–16 I-League 2nd Division|2015–16]]
| rowspan="2" |[[I-League 2|I-League 2nd Division]]
|9||1||0||0|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||9||1
|-
|[[2016–17 I-League 2nd Division|2016–17]]
|6||1||0||0|| colspan="2" |—||9{{efn|name=CFL|Appearance(s) in [[Calcutta Football League]]}}||4||15||5
|-
! colspan="2" |Mohammedan total
!15!!2!!0!!0!!0!!0!!9!!4!!24!!6
|-
| rowspan="1" |[[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]]
|[[2017–18 Mohun Bagan AC season|2017–18]]
| rowspan="1" |[[I-League]]
|18||2||3{{efn|name=SuperCup|Appearance(s) in [[Super Cup (India)|Super Cup]]}}||1|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||21||3
|-
| rowspan="1" |[[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]] (loan)
|[[2017–18 I-League 2nd Division|2017–18]]
| rowspan="1" |I-League 2nd Division
|1||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||1||0
|-
| rowspan="1" |[[ATK (football club)|ATK]]
|[[2018–19 ATK season|2018–19]]
| rowspan="1" |[[Indian Super League]]
|0||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||0||0
|-
| rowspan="1" |[[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]] (loan)
|[[2018–19 Mohun Bagan AC season|2018–19]]
| rowspan="2" |I-League
|13||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||13||0
|-
| rowspan="1" |[[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]]
|{{nowrap|[[2019–20 Mohun Bagan AC season|2019–20]]}}
|4||0||2{{efn|name=DurandCup|Appearance(s) in [[Durand Cup]]}}||0|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||6||0
|-
| rowspan="5" |[[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
|[[2020 I-League Qualifiers|2020]]
| rowspan="1" |I-League 2nd Division
|4||1||0||0|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||4||1
|-
|[[2020–21 I-League|2020–21]]
| rowspan="3" |I-League
|8||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||8||0
|-
|[[2021–22 I-League|2021–22]]
|18||3||6{{efn|name=DurandCup}}||0|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||24||3
|-
|[[2022–23 I-League|2022–23]]
|22||3||6{{efn|name=DurandCup}}||2|| colspan="2" |—|| colspan="2" |—||28||5
|-
! colspan="2" |Mohammedan total
!52!!7!!12!!2!!0!!0!!0!!0!!64!!9
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!102!!11!!17!!3!!0!!0!!9!!4!!128!!18
|}
{{notelist}}

==Honours==
'''Mohammedan Sporting'''
*[[Calcutta Football League]]: [[2021 CFL Premier Division|2021]]<ref>[https://bengali.abplive.com/sports/mohammedan-sporting-club-won-kolkata-football-league-after-40-long-years-847618 Kolkata Football League: চার দশক পর কলকাতা লিগ জয় মহমেডান স্পোর্টিংয়ের] (in Bengali) ''bengali.abplive.com''. 18 November 2021. Retrieved 18 November 2021.</ref>
*[[I-League]] runner-up: [[2021–22 I-League|2021–22]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Faiaz, SK}}
[[Category:1995 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Howrah]]
[[Category:Indian men's footballers]]
[[Category:Mohammedan SC (Kolkata) players]]
[[Category:Mohun Bagan Super Giant players]]
[[Category:Men's association football midfielders]]
[[Category:Footballers from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Calcutta Football League players]]
[[Category:I-League players]]
[[Category:Indian Super League players]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]
[[Category:ATK (football club) players]]
[[Category:Super League Kerala players]]
[[Category:Thrissur Magic FC players]]

{{India-footy-midfielder-stub}}

Savita Oil Technologies Limited

2025-10-01T19:36:37Z

KristineCharlton: New a post

{{Short description|Indian petrochemical company}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox company
|name = Savita Oil Technologies Limited
|logo = Savita Oil Technologies Limited.png
|type = [[public company|Public]]
|traded_as= {{BSE|524667}} {{NSE|SOTL}}
| ISIN =
|industry = [[Petroleum industry|Oil and Automotive]]
|location = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
|key_people = {{small|([[Organizational founder|Founder]])}} Mr.N K Mehra {{small|([[Chairman]] & [[Managing Director|MD]])}}<ref name="overdrive"/><ref name="indiatoday"/>
|products = [[Transformer oil]], White Oil, [[Lubricant|Lubricating Oil]], [[Motor oil|Engine Oil]], [[Renewable Energy]]
| revenue =
| operating_income=
| net_income =
| assets =
|owner =
| num_employees = 500 Plus
|homepage = {{URL|https://www.savita.com}}
}}

'''Savita Oil Technologies Limited''' ({{BSE|524667}}, {{NSE|SOTL}})<ref>{{cite news|title=Savita Oil Technologies Limited (NSE:SOTL) Has A ROE Of 15%|url=https://news.yahoo.com/savita-oil-technologies-limited-nse-060852686.html|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|date=26 August 2019}}</ref> (formerly known as Savita Chemical) is an Indian [[automotive]], industrial [[lubricant]] and [[Petroleum product|petroleum specialty]] oils production company with its headquarters at [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]].<ref name="motoringworld">{{cite news|last1=Sorap|first1=Janak|title=Savita Oil relaunches Savsol brand in the lubricants market|url=https://motoringworld.in/news/savita-oil-relaunches-savsol-brand-in-the-lubricants-market/|work=Motoringworld|date=23 May 2018}}</ref><ref name=asianlubricantmanufacturers/> It has primarily engaged in manufacturing of [[Petroleum product|petroleum specialties]] such as [[transformer oil]]s, [[Mineral oil|liquid paraffin]] and white oils, [[Petroleum jelly|petroleum jellies]], [[synthetic petroleum]] sulfonates and other specialties.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Jauharri|first1=Ujjval|title=Savita has fundamentals edge|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-savita-has-fundamentals-edge-1185482|work=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=25 August 2008}}</ref><ref name="autocarpro"/> Savita Oil has been ranked ''#42'' in Fortune Next 500 list under lube oil and lubricants category, by [[Fortune India 500|Fortune India]].<ref>{{cite news|title=The Next 500|url=https://www.fortuneindia.com/next-500/company-list/himadri-speciality-chemical?year=2019|work=Fortune India}}</ref>
The company is also involved in manufacturing of [[automotive]] and industrial [[lubricant]]s.<ref name="autocarpro3"/> In 2018, the company relaunched Savsol, a domestic brand of [[lubricant]]s and [[Motor oil|engine oils]].<ref name="autocarpro">{{cite news|title=Savita Oil launches repositioned Savsol for the Indian lubricant market|url=https://www.autocarpro.in/news-national/savita-oil-launches-repositioned-savsol-indian-lubricant-market-29560|work=Autocarpro|date=18 May 2018}}</ref><ref name="motoringworld"/><ref name=Overdrive1>{{cite news|last1=Chatterjee|first1=Aditya|title=SAVSOL Automotive Engine Oils And Lubricants Relaunched In India With Revised Positioning|url=https://overdrive.in/news-cars-auto/savsol-automotive-engine-oils-and-lubricants-relaunched-in-india-with-revised-positioning/|work=Overdrive|date=18 May 2018}}</ref><ref name=motoringworld1>{{cite news|title=Peak Talk: Green Days|url=https://motoringworld.in/car-news/green-days-savsol/|work=Motoringworld|date=30 June 2018}}</ref>

==History==
The company has been listed on [[Bombay Stock Exchange]] and [[National Stock Exchange of India|National Stock Exchange]] since 1994.<ref name=asianlubricantmanufacturers/>

It operates three manufacturing plants in [[Western India]]. Its Lube Oil manufacturing plant situated at [[Silvassa]], is a fully automated manufacturing unit<ref name="autocarindia"/><ref name=motoringworld1/><ref name="autocarpro3"/> and has been certified for [[ISO 14000|ISO 9001:2015]] & [[ISO 14000|ISO 14001:2015]].<ref name=asianlubricantmanufacturers/>

==Partnership==
In 2018, [[Tata Motors]] signed an agreement with Savita Oil Technologies to manufacture and provide original oils for their [[Car|passenger vehicle]] brands.<ref name="overdrive">{{cite news|title=Savita Oil Technologies To Supply TATA Motors With Original Oils|url=https://overdrive.in/news-cars-auto/savita-oil-technologies-to-supply-tata-motors-with-original-oils/|work=[[Overdrive (magazine)|Overdrive]]|date=15 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="indiatoday">{{cite news|title=Tata Motors signs agreement with Savita Oil Technologies|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/auto/auto-news/story/tata-motors-signs-agreement-with-savita-oil-technologies-1403822-2018-12-06|work=[[India Today]]|date=6 December 2018}}</ref><ref name="autocarindia">{{cite news|title=Tata Motors to source oils from Savita Oil Technologies|url=https://www.autocarindia.com/car-news/tata-motors-to-source-oils-from-savita-oil-technologies-410457|work=Autocarindia|date=15 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="autocarpro3">{{cite news|title=Savita Oil Technologies becomes engine oil supplier to Tata Motors|url=https://www.autocarpro.in/news-national/savita-oil-technologies-becomes-engine-oil-supplier-to-tata-motors-41316|work=Autocarpro|date=14 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Tata Motors Original Oils announced; Savita Oil Technologies to be the supplier|url=https://motoringworld.in/car-news/tata-motors-savita-oil-collaboration-original-oils-launched/|work=Motoringworld|date=15 November 2018}}</ref><ref name=asianlubricantmanufacturers>{{cite news|title=Savita Oil Technologies signs Agreement with Tata Motors to supply original oils|url=https://www.asianlubricantmanufacturers.org/news/2018/11/19/savita-oil-technologies-signs-agreement-with-tata-motors-to-supply-original-oils|work=Asianlubricantmanufacturers}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.savita.com/ Official website]

{{Energy companies and organisations in India}}

[[Category:Oil and gas companies of India]]
[[Category:Petrochemical companies of India]]
[[Category:Technology companies established in 1961]]
[[Category:1961 establishments in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Indian brands]]
[[Category:Energy companies established in 1961]]
[[Category:Companies based in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange]]

{{India-company-stub}}

List of villages in Murbad

2025-09-30T05:49:47Z

KristineCharlton: further update article to improve readability and updated info

{{short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}

In [[Murbad]], in the state of [[Maharashtra]] in India, there are about 206 villages. The population of Murbad is 18,725 people.

==A==
* Agashi Murbad 850
* Alawe Murbad 351
* Alyani Murbad 309
* Ambe Tembhe Murbad 554
* Ambegaon Murbad 1,020
* Ambele Bk. Murbad 1,086
* Ambele Kh. Murbad 795
* Ambiwali Murbad 267
* Anandnagar Murbad 487
* Anandnagar Murbad 552
* Askot Murbad 356
* Asole Murbad 1,534
* Asose Murbad 681
* Awalegaon Murbad 743

==Bangar pada ==
* Balegaon Murbad 1,193
* Bandhivali Murbad 858
* [[Bhadane, Murbad]] 1,354
* Bhaluk Murbad 1,289
* Bhorande Murbad 64
* Bhuwan Murbad 1,188
* Borgaon Murbad 884
* Boriwali Murbad 418
* Brahmangaon Murbad 555
* Bursunge Murbad 533

==C==
* Chafe Tarf Khedul Murbad 303
* Chandrapur Murbad 596
* Chasole Murbad 907
* Chikhale Murbad 454
* Chirad Murbad 408

==Dohlyacha pada ==
* Dahigaon Murbad 776
* Dahigaon Murbad 496
* Dahivali Murbad 585
* Dangurle Murbad 640
* Dehanoli Murbad 865
* Dehari Murbad 610
* Deogaon Murbad 2,645
* Deoghar Murbad 105
* Deope Murbad 720
* Dhanivali Murbad 1,440
* Dhargaon Murbad 999
* Dhasai Murbad 3,053
* Dighephal Murbad 105
* Diwanpada Murbad 298
* Dongar Nhave Murbad 1,827
* Dudhanoli Murbad 710
* Durgapur Murbad 875

==E==
* Eklahare Murbad 521

==F==
* Fangaloshi Murbad 806
* Fangane Murbad 496
* Fangulgavhan Murbad 1,201
* Fansoli Murbad 1,301

==G==
* Ganeshpur Murbad 885
* Ganeshpur Murbad 459
* Gawali Murbad 943
* Ghagurli Murbad 342
* Ghorale Murbad 796
* Gorakhgad Murbad 1
* Goregaon Murbad 495

==H==
* Hedavali Murbad 281
* Hireghar Murbad 225

==I==
* Inde Murbad 885

==J==
* Jadai Murbad 491
* [[Jaigaon]] Murbad 496
* Jambhurde Murbad 1,330
* Jamghar Murbad 533

==K==
* Kachakoli Murbad 869
* Kalambad Mu Murbad 408
* Kalambhe Murbad 1,299
* Kalamkhande Murbad 987
* Kalanbhad Murbad 1,017
* Kandali Murbad 295
* Kanharle Murbad 798
* Kanhol Murbad 822
* Karavale Murbad 1,118
* Karchonde Murbad 731
* Kasgaon Murbad 524
* Kedurli Murbad 919
* Khandape Murbad 1,066
* Khandare Murbad 606
* Khanivare Murbad 825
* Khapari Murbad 1,318
* Kharshet Umbroli Murbad 953
* Khateghar Murbad 963
* Khed Murbad 493
* Khedale Murbad 623
* Kheware Murbad 814
* Khopivali Murbad 1,333
* Khutal Bangla Murbad 510
* Khutal Baragaon Murbad 1,747
* Khutarwadigaon Murbad 442
* Kisal Murbad 1,150
* Kishor Murbad 1,067
* Kochare Bk. Murbad 415
* Kochare Kh. Murbad 182
* Kole Murbad 267
* Koloshi Murbad 821
* Kolthan Murbad 1,065
* Kondesakhare Murbad 623
* Korawale Murbad 1,793
* Kudavali Murbad 2,189
* Kudshet Murbad 559

==M==
* Madh Murbad 798
* Mahaj Murbad 596
* Majgaon Murbad 899
* Mal Murbad 3,123
* Malegaon Murbad 1,044
* Malhed Murbad 1,181
* Malinagar Murbad 905
* Mandus Murbad 355
* Mandwat Murbad 177
* Mangaon Murbad 395
* Mangaon Murbad 324
* Manivali Bk. Murbad 1,407
* Manivali Kh. Murbad 979
* Manivali Shirvali Murbad 1,480
* Manivali Tarf Khedul Murbad 419
* Masale Murbad 2,033
* Merdi Murbad 988
* Mharas Murbad 799
* Mhase Murbad 1,242
* Milhe Murbad 985
* Mohaghar Murbad 1,109
* Mohap Murbad 392
* Moharai Murbad 633
* Mohghar Murbad 227
* Moroshi Murbad 142

==N==
* Nadhai Murbad 1,116
* Nagaon Murbad 1,435
* Nandeni Murbad 427
* Nandgaon Murbad 699
* [[Narayangaon]] Murbad 429
* Narivali Murbad 1,658
* Nevalpada Murbad 912
* Nhave Murbad 928
* Nyahadi Murbad 781

==O==
* Ojiwale Murbad 380

==P==
* Padale Murbad 644
* Palu Murbad 489
* Panshet Murbad 510
* Pargaon Murbad 526
* Parhe Murbad 705
* Paronde Murbad 406
* Pasheni Murbad 232
* Patgaon Murbad 628
* Pawale Murbad 1,191
* Pendhari Murbad 281
* Pimpalgaon Murbad 854
* Pimpalghar Murbad 283
* Potgaon Murbad 1,013

==R==
* Rampur Murbad 945
* Ranjangaon Murbad 338
* Rao Murbad 442

==S==
* Sajai Murbad 1,489
* Sajgaon Murbad 194
* Sakhare Murbad 527
* Sakurli Murbad 710
* Sangam Murbad 691
* Saralgaon Murbad 2,057
* Sasane Murbad 1,146
* Sawarne Murbad 541
* Sayale Murbad 722
* Shai Murbad 744
* Shastrinagar Murbad 1,450
* Shedali Murbad 804
* Shelgaon Murbad 743
* Shidgaon Murbad 535
* [[Shirvali|Shiravali]] Murbad 1,891
* Shirgaon Murbad 1,243
* Shiroshi Murbad 1,130
* Shirpur Murbad 424
* Shivale Murbad 1,952
* Sidhgad Murbad 280
* Singapur Murbad 957
* Sonavale Murbad 1,164
* Songaon Murbad 790

==T==
* Talegaon Murbad 1,395
* Talekhal Murbad 489
* Talvali Bargaon Murbad 1,229
* Talwali Tarf Ghorad Murbad 1,067
* Tembhare Bk. Murbad 850
* Temgaon Murbad 334
* Thakare Nagar Murbad 913
* Vaishakhare Murbad 210
* Thune Murbad 740
* Tokawade Murbad 1,106
* Tondali Murbad 842
* Tulai Murbad 1,102

==U==
* Uchale Murbad 862
* Udaldon Murbad 56
* Umaroli Bk. Murbad 738
* Umbarpada Murbad 1,456
* Umbroli Kh. Murbad 898

==V==
* Vadgaon Murbad 616
* Vaishakhare Murbad 1,587
* Vehare Murbad 474
* Veluk Murbad 1,360
* Vidhe Murbad 1,188
* Vidhyanagar Murbad 316

==W==
* Wadu Murbad 107
* Wadvali Murbad 1,742
* Waghgaon Murbad 639
* Waghivali Murbad 1,204
* Walhivale Murbad 1,381
* Wanjale Murbad 863
* Wanote Murbad 154

==Z==
* Zadghar Murbad 1,505

==References==
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/subdistrict/4171-murbad-thane-maharashtra.html|title=Villages & Towns in Murbad Taluka of Thane, Maharashtra|website=www.census2011.co.in|access-date=2020-01-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/villages/maharashtra/thane/murbad/|title=Villages in Murbad Tehsil , Thane, Maharashtra|website=www.mapsofindia.com|access-date=2020-01-12}}</ref>
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Thane district]]