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<div>{{Short description|Indian Islamic scholar, teacher and writer (1942–2006)}}<br />
{{Multiple issues|<br />
{{self-published|date=February 2016}}<br />
{{unreliable sources|date=February 2016}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2013}}<br />
{{Infobox religious biography<br />
| religion = [[Islam]]<br />
| name = Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri<br />
| image = Shofiur rahman mobarakpuri.jpg<br />
| image_size = 240<br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1942|06|06|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Mubarakpur, Azamghar|Mubarakpur]], [[United Provinces of British India|United Provinces]], [[British India]]<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2006|12|1|1942|6|6}}<ref name="Biography">{{Cite web|url=https://ar.islamway.net/scholar/777/%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A?|title=صفي الرحمن المباركفوري - طريق الإسلام|website=ar.islamway.net}}</ref><br />
| occupation = {{hlist|Writer|Author}}<br />
| education = Madrasah Arabiyah Dar At-Ta’leem (1948)<br/>Madrasah Ihya Al-Ulum (1954)<br/>Jamia Islamia Faiz-e-Aam (1956)<br />
| spouse = <br />
| awards = [[Muslim World League]]<br />(in 1976; first grand prize of [[Saudi riyal|SR]] 50,000)<br />
| death_place = [[Mubarakpur, Azamghar|Mubarakpur]], India<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biography of Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri {{!}} Al-Istiqaamah|url=https://istiqaamah.net/biography-of-safiur-rahman-mubarakpuri/|access-date=2021-09-20|website=istiqaamah.net|date=2 July 2020 }}</ref><br />
| movement = [[Salafism]]<br />
| influences = <br />
| alma_mater = Jamia Islamia Faiz-e-Aam (1956)<br />
| Madh'hab = [[Non-denominational Muslim#Non-madhhabi|Non-Madhhabi]]<br />
| nationality = Indian<br />
| works = ''[[Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri''' (6 June 1942 – 1 December 2006)<ref name=":2">[https://books-library.net/files/elebda3.net-wq-6399.pdf Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum Pdf] (Pdf); See at Author's Autobiography page in Lincage part; his full name mentioned.</ref> was an Indian [[Islamic scholar]], teacher, and writer affiliated with the [[Salafi movement]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Biography of Shaykh SafiuRahman Mubarakpuri {{!}} Umm-Ul-Qura Publications|url=https://umm-ul-qura.org/2021/01/14/biography-of-shaykh-safiurahman-mubarakpuri/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921003644/https://umm-ul-qura.org/2021/01/14/biography-of-shaykh-safiurahman-mubarakpuri/|archive-date=21 Sep 2021|access-date=2021-09-20|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=danishalhyderabadee|date=2006-12-02|title=Shaykh Safi ur Rahman Mubarakpuri Passes Away!|url=https://ibnalhyderabadee.wordpress.com/2006/12/02/shaykh-safi-ur-rahman-mubarakpuri-passes-away/|access-date=2021-09-20|website=IBN AL HYDERABADEE|language=en}}</ref> He is best known for his biography of the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]], ''[[Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum]]'' (The Sealed Nectar), which won a prize at the 1978 [[Muslim World League]]-sponsored Islamic conference on [[Prophetic biography]] (''seerah'') in Mecca.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0"/><br />
<br />
== Biography ==<br />
=== Early life ===<br />
Mubarakpuri was born in 1942 in Husainabad, a village near [[Mubarakpur, Azamghar|Mubarakpur]] in the [[Azamgarh district]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]], India.<ref name="Autobiography">{{cite web | url=http://www.dar-us-salam.com/authors/safiur-rahaman.htm | title=Autobiography of Safi-ur-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri | publisher=Dar us Salam | access-date=13 October 2013 | archive-date=28 September 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928162144/http://www.dar-us-salam.com/authors/safiur-rahaman.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Educational background ===<br />
Mubarakpuri began his studies at home with the [[Quran]] under the tutelage of his grandfather and uncle. He then began studies in Arabic and Persian after getting admission in Madrasa Arabia Dar-ut-Taleem. He later moved to Madrasah Ihyaaul Uloom in Mubarakpur after being admitted there in 1954. Two years later in 1956, he joined Madrasa Faiz-e-Aam Maunath Bhanjan ([[Mau district]]) for further studies. Upon completion of his seven years of studies, he acquired the Fadilat degree and passed multiple exams to receive the Maulvi and [[Alim]] Certification. Mubarakpuri taught for the next 28 years in various universities, madrasas, and schools in India until he was offered a position at the [[Islamic University of Madinah|Islamic University of Al Madinah al-Munawarah]]. During his teaching period, he wrote and compiled about seventeen books in Urdu and Arabic languages. He also said that when the monthly Urdu Magazine Muhaddith of Jamiah Salafiyah was published in 1980, he was appointed as Chief Editor of the Magazine section up to September in 1988, until he joined the Islamic University at al-Madinah. He served several years at the [[Islamic University of Madinah]].<ref name="Autobiography of Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri">{{cite book|url=http://www.darussalam.com/|title=Biography of Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri|publisher=darussalam}}</ref><ref name="Author's Autobiography">{{cite web | url=http://www.islamhouse.com/7394/en/en/author/Saifur_Rahman_Al-Mubarakpuri | title=Author Autobiography in Arabic | access-date=13 October 2013}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Career ===<br />
After completing his studies at the Jamia Islamia Faiz-e-Aam in 1961, he began to teaching, preaching and delivering sermons. However, unfavorable circumstances did not permit him to stay in one place for long. In March 1963, he joined the Jamia Islamia Faiz-e-Aam as a teacher. Then he was transferred to the [[Al-Jamiatul Asaria Darul Hadees]] in the same city in February 1966.<ref>{{Cite web|last=البهنساوى|first=أحمد|date=2020-12-01|title=المباركفوري.. 14 عاما على وفاة مؤلف "الرحيق المختوم" و"نسل الأنصار"|url=https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/5084846|access-date=2021-09-20|website=الوطن|language=ar}}</ref><br />
<br />
In January 1969, he was appointed as the Principal at the Madrasa Faizul Oloom at Seoni (M.P.), India. According to his autobiography, after four years in 1972 he was requested to serve in his native Institute Madrasa Arabia Darul-Taleem as Principal. After spending two years, he was invited by [[Jamia Salafia, Varanasi]] to join as a Professor. He was appointed in Shawwal 1394 A.H. (October 1974), working in various academic departments till Dhul-Hijjah 1408 A.H. (July 1988).<br />
<br />
A research institute was established in 1408 Hijrah at the [[Islamic University of Madinah|Islamic University of Al-Madinah]] known as ''The Center for the Services of the Prophet’s Biography''. He was selected to work there and was entrusted the duty of preparing an [[encyclopedia]] on the subject of the life history of Muhammad, as a research scholar.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shaykh Mubarakpuri Passes Away (Author of Ar-Rahiq al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar))|url=http://turntoislam.com/community/threads/shaykh-mubarakpuri-passes-away-author-of-ar-rahiq-al-makhtum-the-sealed-nectar.5679/|access-date=2021-09-20|website=TurnToIslam Islamic Forum & Social Network|date=29 December 2006 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><br />
<br />
His book [[Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum]] was honored by the first Islamic conference on [[Prophetic biography|seerah]] [[Muslim World League]] as first prize winner book took place in 1978.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2019-12-06|title=The Sealed Nectar is full of boundless and valuable lessons|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/514702/the-sealed-nectar-is-full-of-boundless-and-valuable-lessons/|access-date=2021-09-20|website=Daily Times|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> 1,182 manuscripts were received from all over the world.<ref name=":1" /> Out of these, 183 were shortlisted. Mubarakpuri received first prize and the award of [[Saudi riyal|SR]] 50,000<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Admin|date=2019-11-11|title=Learn about the prophet Muhammad (PBUH) - BOOKS|url=https://www.britishmuslim-magazine.com/2019/11/learn-about-the-prophet-muhammad-pbuh-books/|access-date=2021-09-20|website=British Muslim Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Timeline of his career ====<br />
After graduating in 1961 from “''Madrasah Faidh e Aam''”, Safiur Rahman taught in many Madaris:<br />
<br />
* '''From 1961 to 1963''': He taught in the village Nagpur in the area of Ilahabad.<br />
* '''From 1963 to 1965''': He became teacher in his motherly Madrasah Faydh e Aam’.<br />
* '''In 1965''': He taught in “Jamiyah Ar-Rashad” in A’zamgarh.<br />
* '''From 1966 to 1969''': He taught in “Madrasah Dar Al-Hadith Mau’, and he was Naib Sadr Mudaris (vice head teacher) there.<br />
* '''From 1969 to End 1972''': He taught in the “Madrasah Faydh Al-Ulum’ Seyuni which was located 700&nbsp;km from Maunath Bhanjan in Madhiyah Pardesh. He taught there for 4 years and he was Sadr Mudaris (as a Head teacher).<br />
* '''End of 1972 to 1974''': The head of “Madrasah Dar At-Ta’leem” in Mubarakpur, which was Mubarakpuri’s first Madrasah, insisted on him to be teacher there and he accepted.<br />
* '''1974 to 1988''': Mubarakpuri taught in Jamiyah Salafiyah Banaris, the Markazi Ahl e Hadith University in India.<br />
* '''1988 to 1997''': Mubarakpuri was a research scholar for “Markaz Khidmah As-Sunnah wa As-Seerah” which was part of Madina University, and he worked there up to December 1997.<br />
* '''1998 until his death''': Mubarakpuri moved to Riyadh and worked as a research scholar for Maktabah Darussalam established by AbdulMalik Mujahid.<br />
<br />
=== Death ===<br />
Mubrakpuri died on 1 December 2006 (Zul Qi’dah 1427) on a Friday after a long disease in his house in Husaynabad.<ref>'''''Gulistan Hadith''''' of Shaykh Ishaq Bhatti, “''Allamah SafiurRahman Mubarakpuri Yadon ke Safar Mein''” of Shaykh Rizwanullah Ryadhi</ref><br />
<br />
== Books and compilations ==<br />
{{See also|Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum}}<br />
<br />
=== Books in Arabic ===<br />
* "''Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum''”: The book of Sīrah which won the competition of the Muslim World League for the best biography.<br />
* “''Rawdah Al-Anwar fi Seerah An-Nabi Al-Mukhtar''”: A shorter book on the Sīrah, published by Darussalam.<br />
* “''Ittihaf Al-Kiram''”: An explanation of “Bulugh Al-Maram” published by Darussalam.<br />
* “''Minnah Al-Mun’im Sharh Sahih Muslim''”: An Arabic explanation of Sahih Muslim in 4 volumes published by Darussalam.<br />
* “''Bahjah An-Nazar''”: A small booklet on Usul Al-Hadith<br />
* “''Ibraz Al-Haqq wa Sawab fi Masalah As-Sufur wal Hijab''”: on the veil.<br />
* “''Al-Ahzab As-Siyasiyah fil Islam''”: A book on political parties in Islam.<br />
* “''At-Tatawur Ash-Shu’ub wa Diyanat fil Hind wa Majal Ad-Da’wah fiha''”: On the different religions in India and the opportunities of Da’wah in India.<br />
* “''Al-Firqah An-Najiyah wal Furuq Al-Islamiyah Al-Ukhra''”.<br />
* “''Sharh Azhaar Al-Arab''”: An explanation of the book of “Azhaar Al-Arab” of Muhammad Surti.<br />
* “''Al-Basharat bi Muhammad (saw) fi Kutub Al-Hunud wal Budiyin''”: On the predictions of Muhammad in the books of the Hindus and Buddhists.<br />
<br />
=== His Urdu books ===<br />
* “''Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum''”: Mubarakpuri translated his Arabic book to Urdu himself and it was published by Maktabah Salafiyah Lahore by Ata’ullah Haneef Bhujiyani.<br />
* “''Tajaliyat Nubuwwat''”: The Urdu translation of “''Rawdah Al-Anwar''”, published by Darussalam.<br />
* “''Qadiyaniyat Apne Aine Mein''”: A book authored by Mubarakpuri refuting Qadianism.<br />
* “''Fitnah Qadiyaniyat or Molana Thanaullah Amritsari''”: A book authored by Mubarakpuri on the efforts of Shaykul Islam Thanaullah Amritsari against Qadianism.<br />
* “''Inkar Hadith Kiyun''”: On the authority of Hadith.<br />
* “''Inkar Hadith Haqq ya Batil''”: Against Hadith rejecters<br />
* “''Ramz Haqq wa Batil''”: A book containing the texts of his debate with a Brelwi scholar.<br />
* “''Islam or ‘Adm Tashaddud''”: On Islam being a peaceful religion.<br />
* His Arabic Sharh on “''Bulugh Al-Maram''” called “''Ittihad Al-Kiram''” has been translated in Urdu by AbdulWakeel Alawi and published by Darussalam after the verification of Irshad Al-Haqq Athari.<br />
* “''Suhuf Yahud wa Nasara mein Nabi se Muta’aliq Bashartein''”: A book authored by Mubarakpuri on the predictions of Muhammad in the Books of the Jews and Christians.<br />
<br />
=== Translations from Arabic to Urdu of books of other scholars ===<br />
* “''Ahl e Tasawuuf ki Karstaniyan''”: Translation in Urdu by Mubarakpuri of “''Fadaih Sufiyah''” of Abdur-Rahman Abdu-Khaliq.<br />
* “''Tazkirah Shaykh Al-Islam Muhammad ibn AbdilWahhab''”: Mubarakpuri’s translation of a book of Ahmad ibn Hajar Aal Botami, and added a detailed introduction on the history of Aal Saud.<br />
* “''Shaykh Muhammad ibn AbdilWahab ka Salafi Aqidah or Duniya Islam par Us ka Athar''”: Mubarakpuri translated in Urdu a book of Shaykh Salih Al-‘Ubood on Shaykh Muhammad ibn AbdilWahab in 2 volumes in 854 pages total and it was published by Madina University.<br />
* Translation in Urdu by Mubarakpuri of “''Al-Masabih fi Masalah At-Tarawih''” of Hafiz Suyuti.<br />
* Translation in Urdu by Mubarakpuri of “''Mukhtasar Izhar Al-Haqq''”.<br />
* “''Aimah Arba’ah ka Aqidah''”: Translation in Urdu by Mubarakpuri of a book on the creed of the 4 Imams.<br />
* Translation of Mubarakpuri of “''Mukhtasar Seerah Ar-Rasool (saw)''” of Muhammad ibn AbdilWahab<br />
* Translation of Mubarakpuri of “''Al-Kalim At-Tayib''” of ibn Taymiayh<br />
* The translation of Mubarakpuri of “''Kitab Al-Arba’in An-Nawawi''”<br />
<br />
=== Books compiled from his articles ===<br />
<br />
Mubarakpuri was the editor of the Monthly magazine “''Mohadis''<nowiki>” Banaris for 6 years and he authored many articles in this magazine and others. In current times many books have been published collecting his articles, such as:</nowiki><br />
* “''Khomeini ka ‘Islami’ Inqilab, Nafsiyati Mahol or Haqaiq''”: This book of 82 pages compiles a series of article of Mubarakpuri exposing the reality of Khomeini and his revolution in Iran, it was published by “Nadwah As-Sunnah” Sidarrath Nagar UP. This book has been translated in English by “''Umm-ul-Qura Publications''” and will be published soon insha Allah.<br />
* “''Azab e Qabr ka Bayan''”: this book compiles two articles, one of SafiurRahman Mubarakpuri and one of Abu Abdillah Jabir Dimanwi refuting those who deny the punishment of the grave. It was published by Maktabah Muhammadiyah Sahiwal in Pakistan.<br />
<br />
=== Some of his works at “Markaz Khidmah As-Seerah wa As-Sunnah” ===<br />
<br />
* Mubarakpuri established the format of a “'''''Seerah Encyclopaedia'''''”<br />
* Preparation to establish an Encyclopaedia on the two Holly lands (Haramyn Sharifayn) Makkah and Madinah.<br />
* Compilation of all the narrations of Aishah (Rad) in 9 books of Hadith and other books<br />
* Compilation of cards on Makkah for the publication of an “Encyclopaedia” on Makkah<br />
* Compilation of an index of all Ahadith in the six books and others on Seerah<br />
* Research on the genealogy of Muhammad up to Adam.<br />
* Compilation on the Prophesies of Muhammad in all religions. Mubarakpuri gathered in it as well the predictions in books of Hindus, Buddhists and Zoroastrians.<br />
* The Markaz Khidmah As-Sunna Wa As-Seerah (Centre for the Service of the Sunnah and Sirah) published in English in 2 large volumes “Sirat Al-Nabi (Saw) And The Orientalists with the special reference to the writings of William Muir, D.S. Margoliouth and W. Montgomery Watt” by Muhammad Mohar Ali. SafiurRahman Mubarakpuri reviewed this work.<br />
<br />
And many other projects written and reviewed by Mubarakpuri at Markaz Khidmah As-Sunnah wa As-Seerah.<br />
<br />
=== Some of his books translated to English ===<br />
* “''The Sealed Nectar''”: English translation of “''Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum''”, published by Darussalam. The 2nd edition has been revised by Abu Khaliyl (US) who obtained Ijaza in Hadith from SafiurRahman Mubarakpuri<br />
* “''[https://www.amazon.com/When-Moon-Split-Biography-Muhammad/dp/B0B14B2MG8/ref=sr_1_3?crid=38UYT96DBXKCF&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.XeyMf0bM56evVHkEP9CaEVkPY5zG8WTJxusn9pmfl0Y5-UnFqvC6o7gfauFXHyeibo4wiA7K9mEkajybNQvrOw.1gxptycLirlcsTEVw1T2AqecZrMxUCTn11D1wQ0YSJ4&dib_tag=se&keywords=When+The+Moon+Split%3A+A+Biography+of+Prophet+Muhammad&qid=1738558521&sprefix=when+the+moon+split+a+biography+of+prophet+muhammad%2Caps%2C256&sr=8-3 When the Moon Split]''”: English translation of “''Rawdah Al-Anwar''”, published by Darussalam.<br />
* “''In Reply to the Mischief of Denial of Hadith''”: Translation of “''Inkar e Hadith, Haqq ya Batil''”, published by Maktabah Quddusia Lahore.<br />
* All the works of Darussalam mentioned before published under Mubarakpuri's supervision “''Tafsir ibn Kathir''”, “''History of Islam''”, “''History of Makkah Mukarramah''”, “''History of Madinah Munawwarah''”, Collection from Riyadus Saliheen” and others.<br />
* The Markaz Khidmah As-Sunna Wa As-Seerah (Centre for the Service of the Sunnah and Sirah) published in English in 2 large volumes “Sirat Al-Nabi (Saw) And The Orientalists with the special reference to the writings of William Muir, D.S. Margoliouth and W. Montgomery Watt” by Muhammad Mohar Ali. Mubarakpuri reviewed this work.<br />
* A chapter of his book “''Fitnah Qadiyaniyat or Molana Thanaullah Amritsari''” has been translated in English and quoted in the book of Suhaib Hasan “''Two Essays on Qadianism''”, published by Al-Quran Society<br />
* “''The Islamic''” revolution of Khomeini, the psychological environment and realities”: Translation of “''Khomeini ka ‘Islami’ Inqilab, Nafsiyati Mahol or Haqaiq''” and it will be published soon by Umm-Ul-Qura Publications.<br />
<br />
* '''Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum''': {{translation|''The Sealed Nectar''}}.<ref>{{cite book|title=A complete authoritative book on the life of Prophet Muhammad (S) by Sheikh Safi-ur-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri|isbn=1591440718|last1=Mubarkpuri|first1=Safi-ur-Rahman|year=2002|publisher=Darussalam Publications }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=مؤلف كتاب الرحيق المختوم – الأول|url=https://www.alawwl.com/topic/34297/|access-date=2021-09-20|website=www.alawwl.com|language=ar}}</ref><br />
* '''When The Moon Split''' (A Biography of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ); compiled by Safiur-Rahman Mubarakpuri (originally published: July 1998).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://darussalam.pk/books/biography/when-the-moon-split-new-edition/ | title=When the Moon Split A Biography of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) | publisher=Dar Us Salam | access-date=13 October 2013 | archive-date=20 October 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020190854/https://darussalam.pk/books/biography/when-the-moon-split-new-edition/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
* ''History of [[Mecca|Makkah Al-Mukaramah]]''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://darussalam.pk/books/history/tareekh-e-makkah-mukaramah-art/ | title=History of Makkah Mukarramah | publisher=Dar Us Salam | access-date=13 October 2013 | archive-date=1 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201031027/https://darussalam.pk/books/history/tareekh-e-makkah-mukaramah-art/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
* ''History of [[Madinah|Madinah Al-Munawarah]]''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://darussalam.pk/books/history/tareekh-madinah-manawarah/ | title=History of Madinah Munawwarah By Mubarakpuri | publisher=Dar Us Salam | work=Historic Book | access-date=13 October 2013 | archive-date=1 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201041809/https://darussalam.pk/books/history/tareekh-madinah-manawarah/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
* Abridged Tafsir [[Ibn Kathir]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://darussalam.pk/books/tafseer/tafsir-ibn-e-kathir-6-vols-set/ | title=Tafsir Ibn Kathir Abridged By Mubarakpuri | publisher=Dar Us Salam | access-date=13 October 2013 | archive-date=1 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201031639/https://darussalam.pk/books/tafseer/tafsir-ibn-e-kathir-6-vols-set/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.islamhouse.com/7394/en/en/author/Saifur_Rahman_Al-Mubarakpuri | title=Safiur-Rahman Mubarakpuri's Books in different languages | access-date=13 October 2013}}</ref><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Abdullah Yusuf Ali]]<br />
* [[Marmaduke Pickthall]]<br />
* [[Abdul Majid Daryabadi]]<br />
* [[Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
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== External links ==<br />
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{{Wikiquote}}<br />
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{{Wahhabi clerics}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mubarakpuri, Safiur Rahman}}<br />
[[Category:1942 births]]<br />
[[Category:2006 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Academic staff of the Islamic University of Madinah]]<br />
[[Category:Urdu-language Indian writers]]<br />
[[Category:Arabic-language Indian writers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian historians of Islam]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian biographers]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]<br />
[[Category:People from Azamgarh district]]<br />
[[Category:Ahl-i Hadith people]]<br />
[[Category:Wahhabis]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dangal_(2016_film)&diff=495516Dangal (2016 film)2026-05-07T15:33:29Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created the post needs work</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|2016 film by Nitesh Tiwari}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2021}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Dangal<br />
| image = Dangal Poster.jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = [[Nitesh Tiwari]]<br />
| producer = [[Aamir Khan]]<br />[[Kiran Rao]]<br />[[Siddharth Roy Kapur]]<br />
| writer = Nitesh Tiwari<br />Piyush Gupta<br />Shreyas Jain<br />Nikhil Mehrotra<br />
| story = '''Curation:'''<br />[[Nitesh Tiwari]]<br />'''Concept:'''<br />Divya V. Rao<br />
| based_on = <br />
| starring = {{ubl|[[Aamir Khan]]|[[Sakshi Tanwar]]|[[Fatima Sana Shaikh]]|[[Zaira Wasim]]|[[Sanya Malhotra]]|[[Suhani Bhatnagar]]|[[Aparshakti Khurana]]}}<br />
| narrator = Aparshakti Khurana<br />
| music = [[Pritam]]<br />
| cinematography = Satyajit Pande (Setu)<ref>{{cite AV media|people=Setu (Director of Photography)|date=19 October 2016|title=Dangal official trailer|trans-title=On screen credits|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x_7YlGv9u1g|time=3:11|publisher=[[UTV Motion Pictures]]|access-date=11 January 2017|archive-date=18 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118192300/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x_7YlGv9u1g|url-status=live}}</ref><!--Please do not change (See User_talk:Cyphoidbomb/Archive_17#Dangal_film)--><br />
| editing = [[Ballu Saluja]]<br />
| studio = [[Aamir Khan Productions]]<br />[[The Walt Disney Company India|Walt Disney Pictures India]]<br />
| distributor = [[UTV Motion Pictures]]<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2016|12|21|United States|2016|12|23|India}}<br />
| runtime = 161 minutes<ref>{{cite web|title=Dangal (2016)|url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/dangal-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc00mzq0mjc|work=[[British Board of Film Classification]]|publisher=bbfc.co.uk|access-date=21 May 2017|archive-date=10 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810140323/https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/dangal-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc00mzq0mjc|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Hindi{{efn|Spoken with/in a strong [[Haryanvi]] accent}}<br />
| budget = {{INR|70 [[crore]]}}<ref name="budget">{{cite web|title=Dangal: 5 reasons Aamir's film is ruling the box office despite demonetisation woes|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/aamir-khan-dangal-box-office-collection-demonetisation-359604-2016-12-26|work=India Today|access-date=21 May 2017|date=26 December 2016|archive-date=8 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708203425/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/aamir-khan-dangal-box-office-collection-demonetisation/1/843117.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
| gross = {{INR|1968–2200 crore}}{{efn| ''[[Bollywood Hungama]]'' reported that the collection was ₹1968 crore,<ref name="bollywoodhungama">{{cite news|title=Dangal Box Office|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/dangal/box-office/|work=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|date=20 February 2022|access-date=20 February 2023|archive-date=20 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220085114/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/amp/movie/dangal/box-office/|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Box Office India]]'' reported that the collection was ₹2,024 crore.<ref name="boi-worldwide" /> While ''[[Box Office Mojo]]'' mentioned it around ₹2050 crore<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dangal |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt5074352/ |access-date=2023-07-23 |website=Box Office Mojo |archive-date=1 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201154348/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt5074352/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=1 USD to INR: Tracking historical exchange rate from 1947 to 2025 |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/explainers/1-usd-to-inr-history/88635/1 |website=[[Forbes]] |quote=2016 = 67.63}}</ref> and ''[[The Hindustan Times]]'' mentioned that the film grossed more than ₹2,200 crore.<ref name="hindustantimes-gross">{{cite news|title=Aamir Khan's Secret Superstar earns seven times more money in China in 1 week than what it did in India|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-s-secret-superstar-earns-seven-times-more-money-in-china-in-1-week-than-what-it-did-in-india/story-vxL1FtqQNNdHBty9BSVRQM.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=26 January 2018|access-date=30 January 2018|archive-date=27 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927222148/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-s-secret-superstar-earns-seven-times-more-money-in-china-in-1-week-than-what-it-did-in-india/story-vxL1FtqQNNdHBty9BSVRQM.html|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Dangal''''' ({{Translation|'wrestling bout'}}) is a 2016 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[biographical film|biographical]] [[sports drama film|sports drama]] film directed by [[Nitesh Tiwari]] and produced by [[Aamir Khan]], [[Kiran Rao]], and [[Siddharth Roy Kapur]] under [[Aamir Khan|Aamir Khan Productions]] and [[The Walt Disney Company India]]. The film stars Khan as [[Mahavir Singh Phogat]], a [[pehlwani]] [[Amateur wrestling|amateur wrestler]] who trains his daughters [[Geeta Phogat]] and [[Babita Kumari]] to become India's first world-class female wrestlers.<ref name="BB2 Dangal">{{cite web|url=http://m.indiatoday.in/story/baahubali-2-dangal-box-office-collection-china-aamir-rajamouli/1/961505.html|title=Baahubali 2 vs Dangal box office collection: Aamir's film trailing Rajamouli's by a few crores|work=[[India Today]]|date=24 May 2017|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524070432/http://m.indiatoday.in/story/baahubali-2-dangal-box-office-collection-china-aamir-rajamouli/1/961505.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Fatima Sana Shaikh]] and [[Sanya Malhotra]] portray the adult versions of the two [[Phogat sisters]], [[Zaira Wasim]] and [[Suhani Bhatnagar]] their younger versions, [[Sakshi Tanwar]] their mother, and [[Aparshakti Khurana]] adult version of their cousin, [[Ritvik Sahore]] his younger version, all of them except Shaikh, Tanwar and Sahore in their film debuts.<br />
<br />
Development on the film began in early 2013 when Tiwari began writing the script. Khan had interviewed the Phogat sisters in 2014 on his talk show ''[[Satyamev Jayate (talk show)|Satyamev Jayate]]'', before Tiwari approached him with the script months later, after which Khan became the lead actor and producer. Set primarily in the Indian state of [[Haryana]], principal photography commenced in September 2015 in the neighbouring [[Punjab, India|Punjab]].<ref name="tw1">{{cite magazine|last1=Bhadani|first1=Priyanka|title=Dangal wasn't an easy screenplay|url=http://www.theweek.in/theweek/leisure/dangal-wasnt-an-easy-screenplay.html|magazine=The Week|access-date=22 May 2017|date=25 December 2016|archive-date=21 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170521064042/http://www.theweek.in/theweek/leisure/dangal-wasnt-an-easy-screenplay.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Satyajit Pande served as the cinematographer and [[Ballu Saluja]] as the editor. [[Pritam]] scored the film's background music and soundtrack, lyrics for which were written by [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ghosh |first=Sankhayan |date=14 December 2016 |title=Music review: Dangal |url=https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/RKiaI1a51vWsnCJ3wyqf9L/Music-review-Dangal.html |access-date=2 March 2022 |website=mint |language=en |archive-date=2 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302101247/https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/RKiaI1a51vWsnCJ3wyqf9L/Music-review-Dangal.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 December 2016 |title=Dangal music review: Pritam works wonders with a rustic soundtrack for Aamir Khan's wrestling biopic |url=https://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/dangal-music-review-pritam-works-wonders-with-a-rustic-soundtrack-for-aamir-khans-wrestling-biopic-855937/ |access-date=2 March 2022 |website=Bollywood Life |language=en |archive-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421084011/https://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/dangal-music-review-pritam-works-wonders-with-a-rustic-soundtrack-for-aamir-khans-wrestling-biopic-855937/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Kripa Shankar Patel Bishnoi]], a coach with the Indian women's wrestling team, trained Khan and the cast for the wrestling sequences.<ref name="th" /><br />
<br />
After a North American premiere on 21 December 2016, ''Dangal'' was released worldwide on 23 December to universal critical acclaim, with praise centered on the film's "honest" depiction of a real-life story and Khan's performance, including the emotional weight. The film was a commercial blockbuster, setting several records at the box office including [[List of highest-grossing Hindi films|highest-grossing Hindi film]] and [[List of highest-grossing Indian films|highest-grossing Indian film worldwide]]<br />
<ref name="dangal2000cr307mn" /><ref name="5thForbes">{{cite news|last1=Cain|first1=Rob|title='Dangal' Tops $300 Million, Becoming The 5th Highest-Grossing Non-English Movie Ever|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/12/dangal-joins-300-million-club-now-the-5th-biggest-non-english-movie-ever|access-date=14 June 2017|work=Forbes|date=12 June 2017|archive-date=20 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230820190942/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/12/dangal-joins-300-million-club-now-the-5th-biggest-non-english-movie-ever/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Cain|first=Rob|title=How An Indian Drama Became The World's Highest-Grossing Sports Movie Of 2017|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/19/how-an-indian-drama-became-the-worlds-highest-grossing-sports-movie-of-2017/|work=[[Forbes]]|date=19 June 2017|access-date=16 December 2017|archive-date=7 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107233046/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/19/how-an-indian-drama-became-the-worlds-highest-grossing-sports-movie-of-2017/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="budget" /> The film grossed {{INR|1968-2024 crore}} ({{US$|340 million}}),<ref name="bollywoodhungama"/><ref name="boi-worldwide" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/dangal-box-office-collection-aamir-khan-film-rs-2000-crore-club-4714883/ |title=Dangal box office: Aamir Khan film is fourth biggest worldwide hit for Disney, to enter Rs 2000-cr club this weekend |website=The Indian Express |date=27 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="statista">{{cite web|title=All time box office revenue of the highest grossing Bollywood movies worldwide|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/282411/bollywood-highest-grossing-movies-worldwide/|website=[[Statista]]|date=December 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009175658/http://www.statista.com/statistics/282411/bollywood-highest-grossing-movies-worldwide/|archive-date=2018-10-09|access-date=25 April 2022}}</ref> worldwide by various different estimates, including {{US$|216.2&nbsp;million|long=no}} in China alone.<ref name="entgroup" /><br />
<br />
''Dangal'' screened at the [[Beijing International Film Festival]] in April 2017 and second [[BRICS]] festival in June 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/chinas-dangal-mega-success-echoes-at-second-brics-film-festival/article19144747.ece|title=China's 'Dangal' mega-success echoes at second BRICS film festival|first=Atul|last=Aneja|newspaper=The Hindu|date=25 June 2017|access-date=23 July 2019|archive-date=25 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625091303/http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/chinas-dangal-mega-success-echoes-at-second-brics-film-festival/article19144747.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> At the [[62nd Filmfare Awards]], it won four awards: [[Filmfare Award for Best Film|Best Film]], [[Filmfare Award for Best Director|Best Director]], [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] (Khan) and [[Filmfare Award for Best Action|Best Action]] (Shyam).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/62nd-filmfare-awards-2017-winners-list/articleshow/56541241.cms|title=62nd Filmfare Awards 2017: Winners' list|work=The Times of India|date=15 January 2017|access-date=15 January 2017|archive-date=14 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114235906/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/62nd-filmfare-awards-2017-winners-list/articleshow/56541241.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> At the [[64th National Film Awards]], [[Zaira Wasim|Wasim]] won Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of Geeta's younger self. Overseas, ''Dangal'' won the inaugural Best Asian Film award at Australia's [[7th AACTA Awards]],<ref name="aacta-variety" /><ref name="aacta-news18" /> 2017's Best Foreign Film and Top Foreign Actor (for Aamir Khan) from China's [[Douban|Douban Film Awards]],<ref name="douban2017" /><ref name="douban-awards" /><ref name="scmp" /> and two [[Jackie Chan Action Movie Awards]],<ref name="mid" /> and was nominated in the Asian Brilliant Stars category at the [[68th Berlin International Film Festival]].<ref name="berlin" /><br />
<br />
== Plot ==<br />
[[Mahavir Singh Phogat]], a former [[amateur wrestler]] trained in the [[pehlwani]] style of [[Indian wrestling]], is a national wrestling champion residing in [[Balali]], [[Haryana]]. His average Indian father forces him to give up the sport to obtain gainful employment. Dejected he could not win a medal for his country, he vows that his unborn son will. Disappointed on having [[Phogat sisters|four daughters]], he gives up hope. But when his older daughters [[Geeta Phogat|Geeta]] and [[Babita Kumari|Babita]] come home after beating two boys in response to derogatory comments, he realizes their potential to become wrestlers and begins coaching them.<br />
<br />
His methods seem harsh. He forces them to do grueling early morning workouts, and forcefully gets their hair cut short. Despite facing [[Gender inequality in India|backlash from the villagers]], he goes on training them in his makeshift mud pit. Initially, the girls resent their father for his treatment but soon realize that he cares for their future. Motivated, they willingly participate in wrestling tournaments where they defeat boys. Unable to afford wrestling mats, Mahavir uses mattresses and trains them in [[freestyle wrestling]] to prepare them for competitive events. Geeta goes on to win the junior and senior championships at the state and national levels before heading to the National Sports Academy in [[Patiala]] to train for the forthcoming [[2010 Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]].<br />
<br />
Once there, Geeta makes friends and begins to disregard the discipline taught by Mahavir under duress from her coach Pramod Kadam, whose training methods and wrestling techniques completely differ from her father's. Therefore, she loses every match at the international level. During a visit home, she defeats a visibly exhausted Mahavir in a ferocious bout after egotistically mocking him. Babita reminds Geeta of her mistake and that she should respect Mahavir. Soon after, Babita wins the national championship and follows Geeta to the academy. After the two sisters have an emotional conversation in which Babita provides her encouragement, Geeta tearfully makes peace with Mahavir.<br />
<br />
Before the Commonwealth Games, Pramod forces Geeta to compete in the [[Wrestling weight classes|51 kg weight class]] rather than in her usual 55&nbsp;kg. Irritated upon learning this, Mahavir goes to Patiala with his nephew Omkar and begins coaching the girls secretly. Learning about this, and furious with Mahavir's interference, Pramod wants the girls expelled; the sports authority issues a warning but allows them to continue. Mahavir is barred from entering the academy, and the girls are forbidden to go out. Determined to continue assisting his daughters, Mahavir obtains tapes of Geeta's previous unsuccessful bouts and coaches her by pointing out her errors over the phone.<br />
<br />
At the games, competing in the [[Wrestling at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's freestyle 55 kg|55 kg class]], Geeta eases her way into the final. Mahavir constantly contradicts Pramod's instructions while sitting in the audience, and she follows her father's instructions instead. Just before the gold medal bout, jealous Pramod conspires to lock Mahavir in a room.<br />
<br />
In the bout, Geeta manages to win the first session but loses the second. Trailing 1–5 in the final session and with nine seconds left, she recalls the tactics taught by her father and a [[Freestyle wrestling#Match scoring|5-pointer]], and executes it on her opponent in the final three seconds, taking the score to 6–5 in her favor, thus winning the session and the bout 2–1. In the process, she becomes the first Indian female wrestler to win gold at the Commonwealth Games. Mahavir returns just in time to embrace his daughters, dashing Pramod's hopes of obtaining credit before the news media.<br />
<br />
== Cast ==<br />
[[File:Geeta Phogat and Babita Kumari at the special screening of ‘Dangal’.jpg|thumb|right|[[Geeta Phogat]], [[Zaira Wasim]], [[Suhani Bhatnagar]] and [[Babita Kumari]] at the film's special screening]]<br />
* [[Aamir Khan]] as [[Mahavir Singh Phogat]]<br />
* [[Sakshi Tanwar]] as Daya Shobha Kaur – Mahavir's wife<br />
* [[Fatima Sana Shaikh]] as [[Geeta Phogat]] – Mahavir's eldest daughter<br />
** [[Zaira Wasim]] as Child Geeta<br />
* [[Sanya Malhotra]] as [[Babita Kumari]] – Mahavir's second daughter<br />
** [[Suhani Bhatnagar]] as Child Babita<ref name="Suhani Bhatnagar, Who Played Child Babita Phogat In Aamir Khan's Dangal, Dies At 19">{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Madhumanti Pait |title=Suhani Bhatnagar, Who Played Child Babita Phogat In Aamir Khan's Dangal, Dies At 19 |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/suhani-bhatnagar-who-played-child-babita-phogat-in-aamir-khans-dangal-dies-at-19-5074838 |access-date=17 February 2024 |work=[[NDTV]] |date=17 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217101816/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/suhani-bhatnagar-who-played-child-babita-phogat-in-aamir-khans-dangal-dies-at-19-5074838 |archive-date=17 February 2024}}</ref><br />
* [[Aparshakti Khurana]] as Omkar Singh Phogat (Also narrator) – Rajpal's son; Mahavir's nephew<br />
** [[Ritvik Sahore]] as Teenage Omkar<br />
* Ishika Gagneja as Sunita<br />
* Ananya Sharma as Child [[Ritu Phogat]] – Mahavir's third daughter<br />
* Lakshita Goyal as Child Sangeeta Phogat – Mahavir's youngest daughter<br />
* [[Girish Kulkarni]] as Pramod Kadam – Coach at the National Sports Academy<br />
* [[Vivan Bhatena]] as Harkinder – Mahavir's colleague<br />
* [[Shishir Sharma]] as Head of Department of the National Sports Academy<br />
* Meenu Prajapati as Jasmeet – Geeta's friend at the National Sports Academy<br />
* Badrul Islam as Shamim – Owner of meat shop<ref>{{cite web|title=Dangal's BEST actor? VOTE!|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/dangals-best-actor-vote/20161230.htm|work=[[Rediff.com]]|access-date=24 May 2017|date=30 December 2016|archive-date=1 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001202536/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/dangals-best-actor-vote/20161230.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* [[Karmveer Choudhary]] as Maan Singh Phogat – Mahavir's father<br />
* Anurag Arora as Rajpal Singh Phogat – Mahavir's brother; Omkar's father<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
=== Development ===<br />
[[File:Aamir Khan and Mahavir Singh Phogat at the special screening of ‘Dangal’.jpg|thumb|[[Aamir Khan]] and [[Mahavir Singh Phogat]] at the film's special screening]]<br />
Divya V. Rao, a member of [[Disney India]]'s creative team, read a newspaper article in 2012 about [[Mahavir Singh Phogat]], who trained his daughters to become world champions. She thought this would make for a great film, and spoke about this to [[Siddharth Roy Kapur]] and other Disney personnel. Disney approached [[Nitesh Tiwari]] to write and direct the story. Tiwari met Phogat and his daughters, who instantly agreed to tell the story.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-here-s-what-was-the-inspiration-behind-aamir-khan-s-dangal-2266818|title=Here's what was the inspiration behind Aamir Khan's 'Dangal'|date=23 October 2016|access-date=2 November 2016|newspaper=[[DNA India]]|archive-date=28 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028171414/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-here-s-what-was-the-inspiration-behind-aamir-khan-s-dangal-2266818|url-status=live}}</ref> Tiwari worked on the script for close to a year with Piyush Gupta, Shreyas Jain and Nikhil Mehrotra before going to [[Ronnie Screwvala]], the CEO of [[UTV Motion Pictures]], and Kapur with the final script, while suggesting that [[Aamir Khan]] play Phogat.<ref name="tw1" /><br />
<br />
Months prior to being approached for with the script, Khan had invited the Phogat sisters onto his television talk show ''[[Satyamev Jayate (TV series)|Satyamev Jayate]]'', interviewing them on the first episode of [[Satyamev Jayate (Season 3)|season three]] in 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Real Phogat Sisters & Aamir's 'Dangal' Connection Began on the Sets Of Satyamev Jayate!|url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/the-real-phogat-sisters-aamir-s-dangal-connection-began-on-the-sets-of-satyamev-jayate-268347.html|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=28 December 2016|access-date=28 December 2016}}</ref> A few months after he interviewed them on ''Satyamev Jayate'', he was approached by Tiwari.<ref>{{cite news|title=When Geeta and Babita Phogat Appeared on Aamir Khan's TV Show|url=http://www.news18.com/news/movies/when-geeta-and-babita-phogat-appeared-on-aamir-khans-tv-show-1328288.html|work=[[News18]]|date=27 December 2016|access-date=10 February 2018|archive-date=10 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210181723/http://www.news18.com/news/movies/when-geeta-and-babita-phogat-appeared-on-aamir-khans-tv-show-1328288.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Kapur and Tiwari went to Khan with the story, and Khan loved it in its first narration. Khan had just finished ''[[Dhoom 3]]'' and had begun shooting for ''[[PK (film)|PK]]''. He wanted to do the film after 5–10 years when he would turn 60 because the role demanded him to be 55 and he was still doing younger roles. But the story remained in his mind and a few months later, he called up Tiwari and asked him to narrate the script once again.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com//entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Aamir-Khan-wanted-to-do-Dangal-when-60/articleshow/53046449.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202045453/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com//entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Aamir-Khan-wanted-to-do-Dangal-when-60/articleshow/53046449.cms|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2017|title=Aamir Khan wanted to do 'Dangal' when 60|date=4 July 2016|access-date=14 November 2016|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
After the release of ''PK'' in 2014, Khan announced that he would play the role of a wrestler in his next film titled ''Dangal'' directed by Tiwari, a cinematic biography of the former wrestler Mahavir Singh Phogat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizasialive.com/aamir-khan-to-play-wrestler-in-dangal/|title=Aamir Khan to play a wrestler in 'Dangal'|last=Baddhan|first=Raj|date=12 December 2014|website=BizAsia|language=en-GB|access-date=14 June 2019|archive-date=21 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421084010/https://www.bizasialive.com/aamir-khan-to-play-wrestler-in-dangal/|url-status=live}}</ref> Khan, who was to produce the film himself with Disney, said to reporters, "Nitesh has written a wonderful story. The topic is very important, it's very dramatic. It highlights the discrimination that is meted out to the girl child in India. The best part is that he has done it in a very entertaining manner. The heart of the story is emotional, but it also has a lot of humor. [[Raju Hirani]] has this unique way to tell a story where he says something socially very relevant but he tells his story in a very entertaining manner. Similarly, Nitesh has written a very entertaining lovely script, the dialogues are very entertaining. Each time I listen to the dialogues, I laugh a lot. I cry as well as laugh."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/aamir-khan-compares-dangal-director-with-raju-hirani/|title=Aamir Khan compares Dangal director with Raju Hirani|date=15 September 2015|last=Shahryar|first=Faridoon|work=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|access-date=27 July 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
In March 2015, Junior Indian women's wrestling team coach [[Kripa Shankar Patel|Kripa Shankar Patel Bishnoi]] was approached by Aamir Khan Productions to train Khan and the entire crew of ''Dangal''. Bishnoi said about the film in a ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' interview, "Very few Indians encourage women for wrestling, especially because of the uniform. This film will change that perception too. People would hopefully want to see their daughters taking up wrestling as a sport."<ref>{{cite news|last = Bhonsale|first = Divya Raje|url = http://hindustantimes.com/indore/mp-arjun-awardee-wrestler-trains-aamir-khan-for-dangal/story-1ddMNn6hWTd6DHP6O9ijgN.html|title = MP: Arjun awardee wrestler trains Aamir Khan for Dangal|date = 11 July 2016|access-date = 5 August 2016|newspaper = [[Hindustan Times]]|archive-date = 15 August 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160815234942/http://www.hindustantimes.com/indore/mp-arjun-awardee-wrestler-trains-aamir-khan-for-dangal/story-1ddMNn6hWTd6DHP6O9ijgN.html|url-status = live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Khan lost some weight and took [[Haryanvi]] lessons and dialect training for the film.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Aamir-Khan-to-lose-weight-for-Dangal/articleshow/47947726.cms|title=Aamir Khan to lose weight for 'Dangal'|work=The Times of India|date=6 July 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|last1=Basu|first1=Mohar|archive-date=21 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021080230/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Aamir-Khan-to-lose-weight-for-Dangal/articleshow/47947726.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/four-new-girls-in-aamir-khans-life/articleshow/47699900.cms|title=Four new girls in Aamir Khan's life|work=The Times of India|date=17 June 2015|last=Bhattacharya|first=Roshmila|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=7 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107054321/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/four-new-girls-in-aamir-khans-life/articleshow/47699900.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> He played two distinct roles in the film: the 60-year-old wrestler Mahavir Singh Phogat, and the 20-year-old version of Phogat. Khan reportedly gained 30&nbsp;kg and weighed 98&nbsp;kg to play the role of the older Phogat, and then lost the weight to play the younger role in ''Dangal''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/fitness/aamir-khan-weight-loss-story-secret-for-dangal-2857618/|title=How Aamir Khan followed the calorie-count method to lose around 25&nbsp;kg for Dangal|date=29 November 2016|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|last=Goyal|first=Divya|access-date=8 December 2016|archive-date=25 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725224506/http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/fitness/aamir-khan-weight-loss-story-secret-for-dangal-2857618/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/fitness/aamir-khans-strict-diet-and-workout-plan-for-his-fat-to-fit-for-dangal-video-4401261/|title=Video: Aamir Khan's strict diet and workout plan for his fat to fit journey for Dangal|date=29 November 2016|newspaper=The Indian Express|access-date=8 December 2016|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703202237/http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/fitness/aamir-khans-strict-diet-and-workout-plan-for-his-fat-to-fit-for-dangal-video-4401261/|url-status=live}}</ref> The film was produced on a budget of {{INRConvert|70|c|lk=c|year=2016|mode=historical}}.<ref name="budget" /><br />
<br />
=== Casting ===<br />
In March 2015, [[Taapsee Pannu]], [[Deeksha Seth]] and [[Akshara Haasan]] were being considered for the roles of Khan's on-screen daughters.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Rakshit|first1=Nayandeep|title=Revealed: Who are playing Aamir Khan's daughters in 'Dangal'?|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-revealed-who-are-playing-aamir-khan-s-daughters-in-dangal-2067855|access-date=31 May 2017|work=Daily News and Analysis|date=11 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170531050126/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-revealed-who-are-playing-aamir-khan-s-daughters-in-dangal-2067855|archive-date=31 May 2017}}</ref> In April, Shaikh and Malhotra were cast as the daughters, who hailed from the Jat community of [[Balali]] village of [[Bhiwani]], [[Haryana]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/entertainment/bollywood/Meet-Aamir-Khans-wrestler-daughters/articleshow/47007245.cms|title=Meet Aamir Khan's wrestler daughters|work=[[Mumbai Mirror]]|last=Bhattacharya|first=Roshmila|date=22 April 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925085936/http://www.mumbaimirror.com/entertainment/bollywood/Meet-Aamir-Khans-wrestler-daughters/articleshow/47007245.cms|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150423/entertainment-bollywood/article/aamir-khans-daughters-dangal-finally-revealed|title=Aamir Khan's daughters in 'Dangal' finally revealed!|work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=23 April 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924182707/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/150423/entertainment-bollywood/article/aamir-khans-daughters-dangal-finally-revealed|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood-confidential/aamir-khan-has-found-his-onscreen-daughters-for-dangal|title=Aamir Khan has found his onscreen daughters for 'Dangal'?|date=22 April 2015|work=The Indian Express|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=21 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021111615/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood-confidential/aamir-khan-has-found-his-onscreen-daughters-for-dangal/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Geeta Phogat]] had participated in the [[2012 Summer Olympics|London Olympics]] in 2012,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/community/aamir-picks-phogat-sisters-story-for-his-next/35216.html|title=Aamir picks Phogat sisters' story for his next|date=29 January 2015|work=[[The Tribune (India)|The Tribune]]|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=11 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011185402/http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/community/aamir-picks-phogat-sisters-story-for-his-next/35216.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> while Babita had won the gold medal in the [[2014 Commonwealth Games]] in Glasgow.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-meet-the-medal-winning-phogat-sisters-2009485|title=Meet the medal winning Phogat sisters|date=10 August 2014|last=Gupta|first=Gargi|work=Daily News and Analysis|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=22 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122015742/http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-meet-the-medal-winning-phogat-sisters-2009485|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/wrestling-coach-mahavir-phogat-overlooked-for-dronacharya-award/15523177|title=Wrestling coach Mahavir Phogat overlooked for Dronacharya Award|date=12 August 2014|work=[[Mid-Day]]|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=23 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161223024316/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/wrestling-coach-mahavir-phogat-overlooked-for-dronacharya-award/15523177|url-status=live}}</ref> In June 2015, Wasim and Bhatnagar were roped in as child actors for the film.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/14967030/Kids-Zarina-Wasim-and-Suhani-Bhatnagar-roped-in-for-Aamir-Khan-starrer-Dangal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619183219/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/14967030/Kids-Zarina-Wasim-and-Suhani-Bhatnagar-roped-in-for-Aamir-Khan-starrer-Dangal|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 June 2015|title=Kids Zarina Wasim and Suhani Bhatnagar roped in for Aamir Khan starrer Dangal|work=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=7 November 2015|date=17 June 2015}}</ref> Khurana was also cast in the film, making his debut after a career as a VJ.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/15017705/Ayushmann-Khurranas-brother-to-make-debut-in-Dangal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710185937/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/15017705/Ayushmann-Khurranas-brother-to-make-debut-in-Dangal|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 July 2015|title=Ayushmann Khurrana's brother to make debut in Dangal|work=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=7 November 2015|date=4 July 2015}}</ref> [[Mukesh Chhabra]] served as the casting director,<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2023 |last=Kaushal |first=Ruchi |title=Mukesh Chhabra: Gangs of Wasseypur script had so long that I had to cast 384 actors to create a new world |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/mukesh-chhabra-on-gangs-of-wasseypur-casting-nepotism-star-kids-101688116681615.html |access-date=21 December 2023 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> with [[Vikram Singh (actor)|Vikram Singh]] being recruited to play the role of the villain.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/makers-of-aamir-khans-dangal-found-their-villain/16358179|title=Makers of Aamir Khan's 'Dangal' found their villain?|date=10 July 2015|last=Dubey|first=Gaurav|work=Mid-Day|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=12 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912092329/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/makers-of-aamir-khans-dangal-found-their-villain/16358179|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/makers-of-aamir-khans-dangal-found-their-villain-780107|title=Makers of Aamir Khans Dangal Found Their Villain?|work=NDTV |date=10 July 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925102800/http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/makers-of-aamir-khans-dangal-found-their-villain-780107|url-status=live}}</ref> Khan's nephew Pablo, who is the son of [[Mansoor Khan]], was the film's assistant director.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150722/entertainment-bollywood/article/aamir-khan%E2%80%99s-nephew-pablo-roped-ad-dangal|title=Aamir Khan's nephew Pablo roped in as AD for 'Dangal'|work=Deccan Chronicle|date=22 July 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925171347/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/150722/entertainment-bollywood/article/aamir-khan%E2%80%99s-nephew-pablo-roped-ad-dangal|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-to-launch-his-nephew-pablo-with-dangal-22827.html|title=Aamir Khan to launch his nephew Pablo with 'Dangal'|work=[[India TV News]]|date=24 July 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925102756/http://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-to-launch-his-nephew-pablo-with-dangal-22827.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Mallika Sherawat]] auditioned for a role. [[Mrunal Thakur|Mrunal thakur]] also auditioned however she opted out citing scheduling conflicts.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2020 |access-date=30 August 2020 |title=Mrunal Thakur reveals how a TV commitment made her lose out on a role in Dangal: 'It was so tough' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/mrunal-thakur-reveals-how-a-tv-commitment-made-her-lose-out-on-a-role-in-dangal-it-was-so-tough/story-TsbMK4xsKU48fxMchpj4MO.html |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/mallika-sherawat-auditioned-for-dangal-aamir-khan/article1-1349540.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521093808/http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/mallika-sherawat-auditioned-for-dangal-aamir-khan/article1-1349540.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 May 2015|title=Mallika Sherawat auditioned for Dangal: Aamir Khan|work=Hindustan Times|date=21 May 2015|access-date=7 November 2015}}</ref> In August 2015, [[Rajkumar Rao]], who previously worked with Khan in ''[[Talaash (2012 film)|Talaash]]'', was approached for an important role.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-GOS-aamir-khan-wants-rajkummar-rao-in-dangal-5072888-PHO.html|title=Aamir Khan wants Rajkummar Rao in Dangal|work=[[Daily Bhaskar]]|date=3 August 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=25 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925235410/http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-GOS-aamir-khan-wants-rajkummar-rao-in-dangal-5072888-PHO.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> After auditioning 70 actresses for the role, Tanwar was brought on as Daya Kaur, the wife of Mahavir Singh Phogat.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/9027|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925110206/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/9027|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 September 2015|title=Check out: Aamir Khan and Sakshi Tanwar pose with Phogat girls|work=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=7 November 2015|date=23 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/aamir-khans-wife-in-dangal-has-finally-been-cast-its-not-mallika-sherawat-1206639|title=Aamir Khan's Wife in Dangal Has Finally Been Cast. It's Not Mallika Sherawat|work=NDTV|date=12 August 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=5 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105005325/http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/aamir-khans-wife-in-dangal-has-finally-been-cast-its-not-mallika-sherawat-1206639|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/sakshi-tanwar-to-play-aamir-khan-s-wife-in-dangal/article1-1379399.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150814011405/http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/sakshi-tanwar-to-play-aamir-khan-s-wife-in-dangal/article1-1379399.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 August 2015|title=Sakshi Tanwar to play Aamir Khan's wife in Dangal?|work=Hindustan Times|last=Singh|first=Prashant|access-date=7 November 2015|date=13 August 2015}}</ref> Ananya was chosen to play Sangita, the youngest daughter of Mahavir Phogat.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kaur|first=Usmeet|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/little-star-from-amritsar-floors-aamir-khan-s-dangal/story-TH8rYNEso4UPFZMSBOBJtM.html|title=Little star from Amritsar floors Aamir Khan's 'Dangal'|work=Hindustan Times|date=30 October 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=7 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107054312/https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/little-star-from-amritsar-floors-aamir-khan-s-dangal/story-TH8rYNEso4UPFZMSBOBJtM.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/amritsar/child-actor-from-city-to-play-aamir-s-daughter-in-dangal/151407.html|title=Child actor from city to play Aamir's daughter in 'Dangal'|author=Tribune News Service|work=The Tribune Chandigarh, India|date=28 October 2015|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=18 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118192344/http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/amritsar/child-actor-from-city-to-play-aamir-s-daughter-in-dangal/151407.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In October 2015, [[Vivan Bhatena]], who appeared in a key role in ''Talaash'', was selected to play a supporting role in the film.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/vivan-bhatena-playing-negative-role-in-aamir-khans-dangal/|title=Vivan Bhatena playing negative role in Aamir Khan's 'Dangal'|date=31 October 2015|work=The Indian Express|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=4 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104030059/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/vivan-bhatena-playing-negative-role-in-aamir-khans-dangal/|url-status=live}}</ref> In an interview in January 2017, Rao stated that if Khan had declined the role, the only other choices would have been [[Mohanlal]] and [[Kamal Haasan]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Kannan|first=Arathi|title=If not Aamir, then Mohanlal for Dangal: Divya Rao|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2017/jan/16/if-not-aamir-then-mohanlal-for-dangal-divya-rao-1559895.html|access-date=25 January 2017|work=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=16 January 2017|archive-date=19 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170119044033/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2017/jan/16/if-not-aamir-then-mohanlal-for-dangal-divya-rao-1559895.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
For the film's [[Tamil language]] dub, Khan initially approached [[Rajinikanth]] to voice his role. Despite Rajinikanth enjoying the film, they both eventually decided against it, as they found Rajinikanth's voice to be too recognizable to go along with Khan's appearance.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sahadevan|first=Sonup|title=Aamir Khan reveals why Rajinikanth didn't dub for Dangal in Tamil|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-reveals-why-rajinikanth-didnt-dub-for-dangal-in-tamil-4430566/|work=[[The Indian Express]]|date=16 December 2016|access-date=1 February 2018|archive-date=7 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107054311/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-reveals-why-rajinikanth-didnt-dub-for-dangal-in-tamil-4430566/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Filming ===<br />
[[File:Fatima Sana Shaikh and Sanya Malhotra posing on the sets of Dangal.jpg|thumb|[[Fatima Sana Shaikh]] and [[Sanya Malhotra]] on the sets of ''Dangal'']]<br />
To prepare for the role, Shaikh and Malhotra watched several videos on wrestling to understand "how wrestlers move, walk, their body language".<ref name="exhaust">{{cite news|date=16 December 2016|title=Dangal selection process: Sanya Malhotra talks about the emotionally exhausting experience|work=[[India.com]]|url=http://www.india.com/showbiz/dangal-selection-process-sanya-malhotra-talks-about-the-emotionally-exhausting-experience-1708568/|access-date=26 September 2018|archive-date=29 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229140046/https://www.india.com/showbiz/dangal-selection-process-sanya-malhotra-talks-about-the-emotionally-exhausting-experience-1708568/|url-status=live}}</ref> Both Malhotra and Sheikh went through five rounds of auditions, physical training and workshops with Tiwari and Khan. They were trained by coach and former wrestler [[Kripa Shankar Patel Bishnoi]].<ref name="th">{{cite news|last=Rathi|first=Vasundhara|date=20 December 2016|title=Braving the bruises|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Braving-the-bruises/article16907284.ece|access-date=26 September 2018|archive-date=24 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224041534/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Braving-the-bruises/article16907284.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> From September 2015 to December 2015, Khan gained 9% fat, weighing around 98&nbsp;kg for ''Dangal'', and from January 2016 to April 2016, he regained the shape that he had opted for in ''Dhoom 3'' and would hear the script for next future films, halting shooting of ''Dangal'' for said period.<ref>{{cite web|last=Tanwar|first=Sarita A|date=5 August 2015|title=I have four months to get to 9% body fat: Aamir Khan|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-i-have-four-months-to-get-to-9-body-fat-aamir-khan-2111095|access-date=7 November 2015|work=Daily News and Analysis|archive-date=19 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019003516/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-i-have-four-months-to-get-to-9-body-fat-aamir-khan-2111095|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
The shooting schedule of ''Dangal'' began on 1 September 2015.<ref>{{cite news|date=20 August 2015|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Aamir-Khan-to-start-shooting-for-Dangal-on-September-1/articleshow/48554501.cms|title=Aamir Khan to start shooting for 'Dangal' on September 1|work=The Times of India|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=17 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917221829/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Aamir-Khan-to-start-shooting-for-Dangal-on-September-1/articleshow/48554501.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khans-dangal-update-two-more-actresses-roped-in-to-play-the-younger-daughters|title=Aamir Khan's 'Dangal' update: Two more actresses finalised to play the younger daughters|date=17 June 2015|work=The Indian Express|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=27 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151027192411/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khans-dangal-update-two-more-actresses-roped-in-to-play-the-younger-daughters/|url-status=live}}</ref> The villages of [[Ludhiana]] were given a Haryanvi transformation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/ludhiana-gets-ready-for-aamir-khans-dangal/|title=For Aamir Khan's film 'Dangal', Punjab villages turn 'Haryanvi'|date=1 September 2015|work=The Indian Express|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=5 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105034449/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/ludhiana-gets-ready-for-aamir-khans-dangal/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Sandhu|first=Rameshinder Singh|date=30 August 2015|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/stage-is-set-villages-near-ludhiana-converted-aamir-khan-s-dangal/article1-1385798.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150901000704/http://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/stage-is-set-villages-near-ludhiana-converted-aamir-khan-s-dangal/article1-1385798.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 September 2015|title=Stage is set: Villages near Ludhiana converted for Aamir Khan's Dangal|work=Hindustan Times|access-date=7 November 2015}}</ref> The shooting took place in the villages of [[Gujjarwal (Ludhiana West)|Gujjarwal]], [[Narangwal]], [[Kila Raipur]], [[Dangon|Dango]] and [[Leel]] in [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] and Haryana.<ref>{{cite news|date=24 October 2015|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/9191|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151025134720/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/9191|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 October 2015|title=Aamir Khan shoots Dangal in one of oldest schools of Punjab|work=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=7 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title='Dangal' shuru: Aamir Khan shares first look poster of the movie|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aaj-se-dangal-shuru-aamir-khan-shares-the-first-look-from-the-movie|work=The Indian Express|date=22 September 2015|access-date=20 October 2015|archive-date=28 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151028073228/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aaj-se-dangal-shuru-aamir-khan-shares-the-first-look-from-the-movie/|url-status=live}}</ref> The village of Dango, which is in the Pakhowal Tehsil in Ludhiana, is veteran actor [[Dharmendra]]'s ancestral village.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dango, Dharam's real village|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020110/punjab1.htm|work=The Tribune Chandigarh, India|access-date=20 October 2015|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304081350/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020110/punjab1.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
The first scene was shot on 21 September 2015, in Ludhiana with the presence of Mahavir Singh Phogat and his daughters, Geeta and Babita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-09-25 |title=On the sets of Aamir Khan's 'Dangal' along with Phogat family |url=https://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/on-the-sets-of-aamir-khans-dangal-along-with-phogat-family-see-pics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105031742/https://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/on-the-sets-of-aamir-khans-dangal-along-with-phogat-family-see-pics/ |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> On 14 November 2015, while shooting in [[Ludhiana]], Khan suffered minor injuries resulting in muscle spasms in his back.<ref>{{cite news|url = http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-gets-muscle-spasm-during-dangal-film-shoot/|title = Aamir Khan gets muscle spasm during 'Dangal' film shoot|date = 15 November 2015|access-date = 28 August 2016|newspaper = The Indian Express|archive-date = 19 September 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160919073302/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-gets-muscle-spasm-during-dangal-film-shoot/|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-tweets-about-his-injury-on-dangal-sets-says-not-such-a-major-injury/|title = Aamir Khan tweets about his injury on 'Dangal' sets, says not such a major injury|date = 16 November 2015|access-date = 28 August 2016|newspaper = The Indian Express|archive-date = 17 October 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161017133908/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-tweets-about-his-injury-on-dangal-sets-says-not-such-a-major-injury/|url-status = live}}</ref> On 20 November 2015, Khan collapsed after sustaining a shoulder injury on the set.<ref>{{cite news|url = http://hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-collapses-on-dangal-sets/story-W0U4FEA39o6SNxRBRB7YiO.html|title = Dangal shooting stalled after Aamir Khan collapses on sets|date = 22 November 2015|access-date = 28 August 2016|newspaper = Hindustan Times|last =Singh|first =Anjuri Nayar|archive-date = 17 October 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161017170501/http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-collapses-on-dangal-sets/story-W0U4FEA39o6SNxRBRB7YiO.html|url-status = live}}</ref> After his recovery, he resumed shooting in [[Pune]] on 9 December 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/back-from-the-us-aamir-khan-resumes-shooting-for-dangal-in-pune/|title = Back from the US, Aamir Khan resumes shooting for Dangal in Pune!|date = 9 December 2015|access-date = 28 August 2016|publisher = Bollywood Life|archive-date = 28 August 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160828034537/http://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/back-from-the-us-aamir-khan-resumes-shooting-for-dangal-in-pune/|url-status = live}}</ref><br />
<br />
The team filmed in and around stadiums at the [[Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex]] in Pune. At the time, the complex hosted the 2015 [[Roll Ball World Cup]], and athletes of the [[Netherlands national rollball team]] and Slovenia women's national roll ball team were recruited to play background athletes in the film. The team also shot some portions of the film in [[Symbiosis International University]], Pune.<ref>{{cite news|url = http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-in-pune-to-shoot-for-dangal/|title = Aamir Khan in Pune to shoot for Dangal|date = 10 December 2015|access-date = 23 August 2016|newspaper = [[The Indian Express]]|archive-date = 17 October 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161017122410/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-in-pune-to-shoot-for-dangal/|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-impressed-with-symbiosis-universitys-founder/|title = Aamir Khan impressed with Symbiosis University's founder|date = 12 December 2015|access-date = 23 August 2016|newspaper = [[The Indian Express]]|archive-date = 18 September 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160918200440/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-impressed-with-symbiosis-universitys-founder/|url-status = live}}</ref><br />
<br />
On 19 January 2016, Khan and the entire crew of the film shot in [[Delhi]], at [[Talkatora Stadium]], to film wrestling sequences. The crew then moved to [[Thyagaraj Sports Complex|Thyagaraj Stadium]] to shoot sequences of [[Commonwealth Games]] and [[National Games of India|National Games]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/aamir-khan-shoots-in-delhi-for-dangal/articleshow/50651327.cms|title=Aamir Khan shoots in Delhi for 'Dangal'|date=20 January 2016|access-date=7 August 2016|work=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=7 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107054313/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/aamir-khan-shoots-in-delhi-for-dangal/articleshow/50651327.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The first schedule of shooting was also done in schools and in Dango village.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/Aamir-Khans-Dangal-The-making/photostory/49547533.cms|title=Aamir Khan's 'Dangal': The making|work=The Times of India|date=30 January 2017|access-date=7 November 2015|archive-date=7 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107095516/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/Aamir-Khans-Dangal-The-making/photostory/49547533.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
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The second schedule of the film started on 16 June 2016, at the [[Akhada]] Leel near [[Toosa]] village, in [[Ludhiana]] district. It is one of the largest villages in Punjab. Khan said, "When I came to Ludhiana, I was very fat. At that time, we shot for the scenes where Mahavir has become old. 85 percent of the film is about his 'old' look only. Now we are shooting for the portion when Mahavir was young."<ref>{{cite news|url = http://thehindu.com/features/cinema/aamir-khan-resumes-dangal-shooting-in-young-avatar/article8740627.ece|title = Aamir Khan resumes 'Dangal' shooting in young avatar|date = 17 June 2016|access-date = 6 August 2016|newspaper = The Hindu|archive-date = 18 June 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160618144624/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/aamir-khan-resumes-dangal-shooting-in-young-avatar/article8740627.ece|url-status = live}}</ref><br />
<br />
With the film being set in multiple decades, the cinematographer Satyajit Pande and [[Film colorization|colorist]] Ashirwad Hadkar experimented with a number of tests for skin tones and costumes during the pre-production stage. Natural light was majorly employed in the film. To portray the 1980s, the "sources [were kept] white-hot and the skin tones yellow-warm" for the day sequences, and "a consistent bulb warm tone was maintained" for the night sequences. With varying [[colour temperature]]s in the process of filming over an entire day starting early mornings until late evenings, visual effects plates were used and [[digital intermediate]] process employed.<ref>{{cite news|title=This is how blockbuster 'Dangal' got its color palette right|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/this-is-how-blockbuster-dangal-got-its-color-palette-right-117010901395_1.html|work=[[Business Standard]]|date=9 January 2017|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110143747/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/this-is-how-blockbuster-dangal-got-its-color-palette-right-117010901395_1.html|url-status=live|archive-date=10 January 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Music ==<br />
{{Main|Dangal (soundtrack){{!}}''Dangal'' (soundtrack)}}<br />
<br />
The music for the film is composed by [[Pritam]], with lyrics penned by [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]] in Hindi, Rajesh Malarvannan in Tamil and Rajshri Sudhakar in Telugu.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aamir Khan and Pritam to collaborate for 'Dangal'|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150630/entertainment-bollywood/article/aamir-khan-and-pritam-collaborate-%E2%80%98dangal%E2%80%99|access-date=5 March 2016|newspaper=Deccan Chronicle|date=30 June 2015|archive-date=2 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602182713/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/150630/entertainment-bollywood/article/aamir-khan-and-pritam-collaborate-%E2%80%98dangal%E2%80%99|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Daler Mehndi]] sang the film's title track.<ref>{{cite news|title=Daler Mehndi to sing for Aamir Khan's 'Dangal'|url=http://www.radioandmusic.com/entertainment/editorial/news/151014-daler-mehndi-sing-aamir-khans-dangal|access-date=5 March 2016|publisher=RadioandMusic.com|date=14 October 2015|archive-date=6 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306180929/http://www.radioandmusic.com/entertainment/editorial/news/151014-daler-mehndi-sing-aamir-khans-dangal|url-status=dead}}</ref> The song "Dhaakad" was sung by rapper [[Raftaar (rapper)|Raftaar]] and became popular<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/raftaars-lends-his-voice-for-dangals-new-song-dhaakad-1315004.html|title=Raftaar Lends His Voice for Dangal's New Song Dhaakad|website=News18|date=23 November 2016|access-date=25 October 2019|archive-date=25 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025122645/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/raftaars-lends-his-voice-for-dangals-new-song-dhaakad-1315004.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> receiving 12 million views, in three days. Khan rapped his own version of the song and included it in the album.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsnation.in/entertainment/bollywood/dhaakad-song-from-dangal-achieves-12-million-views-in-3-days-152263.html|title='Dhaakad' song from Aamir Khan's Dangal achieves 12 million views in 3 days|website=[[News Nation]]|access-date=25 October 2019|archive-date=25 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025123223/https://www.newsnation.in/entertainment/bollywood/dhaakad-song-from-dangal-achieves-12-million-views-in-3-days-152263.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The soundtrack album was released on 23 November 2016, in Hindi and 26 November 2016, in Tamil and Telugu, under the [[Zee Music Company]] label.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sudhakaran|first=Sreeju|url=https://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/dangal-music-review-pritam-works-wonders-with-a-rustic-soundtrack-for-aamir-khans-wrestling-biopic-855937/|title=Dangal music review: Pritam works wonders with a rustic soundtrack for Aamir Khan's wrestling biopic|date=19 December 2016|website=Bollywood Life|access-date=25 October 2019|archive-date=25 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025133256/https://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/dangal-music-review-pritam-works-wonders-with-a-rustic-soundtrack-for-aamir-khans-wrestling-biopic-855937/|url-status=live}}</ref> The film's soundtrack album was released in Japan on April 13, 2018, by [[:ja:ランブリング・レコーズ|Rambling Records]].<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ja:映画のサントラ、ラウンジミュージック、オルタナティブ、ダンスミュージック|url=http://www.rambling.ne.jp/catalog/dangal/|website=[[:ja:ランブリング・レコーズ|Rambling Records]]|date=13 April 2018|access-date=13 April 2018|language=ja|archive-date=12 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812223850/http://www.rambling.ne.jp/catalog/dangal/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Release ==<br />
===Original release===<br />
''Dangal'' was released in the United States on 21 December 2016, and worldwide on 23 December 2016.<ref name="USre">{{cite web|work=Hindustan Times|url=http://hindustantimes.com/bollywood/dangal-aamir-khan-s-film-has-an-impressive-opening-in-us-canada/story-p9dEG4ZF8Uxv2Xmz8JNoqK.html|title=Dangal: Aamir Khan's film has an impressive opening in US, Canada|date=23 December 2016|access-date=27 December 2016|archive-date=6 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706014117/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/dangal-aamir-khan-s-film-has-an-impressive-opening-in-us-canada/story-p9dEG4ZF8Uxv2Xmz8JNoqK.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The film was shown on an estimated 4,300 screens in India and 1,000 screens internationally.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=2580|title=Dangal v PK Territory Comparison|publisher=Box Office India|date=25 December 2016|access-date=23 July 2019|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215122958/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=2580|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet|user=taran_adarsh|last=Adarsh|first=Taran|number=811577609071063041|title=#Dangal screen count...|date=21 December 2016|accessdate=27 December 2016}}</ref> It was also released in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] dubbed versions as ''Yuddham''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Mind-your-language/article17074029.ece|title=Mind your language|website=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 January 2017|last1=Pillai|first1=Sreedhar|access-date=4 February 2017|archive-date=21 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721153513/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Mind-your-language/article17074029.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://businessworld.in/article/-110-Million-Prize-Fight/03-02-2017-112432/|title=$110 Million Prize Fight|first=Ashish|last=Sinha|work=[[Businessworld]]|date=3 February 2017|access-date=4 February 2017|archive-date=4 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204171455/http://businessworld.in/article/-110-Million-Prize-Fight/03-02-2017-112432/|url-status=live}}</ref> It was declared [[Entertainment tax|tax-free]] in six Indian states – [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Uttarakhand]], [[Haryana]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Delhi]] and [[Madhya Pradesh]] – to promote [[Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao]], a [[Government of India]]'s social campaign aiming to reduce the selective abortion of females, to protect girls, and to educate them.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/aamir-khans-dangal-gets-u-certificate-from-cbfc-will-it-get-tax-exemption-from-government-3145862.html|title=Aamir Khan's Dangal gets 'U' certificate from CBFC|date=8 December 2016|work=Firstpost|access-date=22 December 2016|archive-date=21 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170621121109/http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/aamir-khans-dangal-gets-u-certificate-from-cbfc-will-it-get-tax-exemption-from-government-3145862.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indicine.com/movies/bollywood/dangal-tax-free-uttar-pradesh|title=Dangal Tax Free in Uttar Pradesh|date=15 December 2016|work=Indicine|access-date=16 December 2016|archive-date=16 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161216072628/http://www.indicine.com/movies/bollywood/dangal-tax-free-uttar-pradesh/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dangal made tax-free in Haryana: Aamir Khan's film gets a thumbs up from India|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/popular-now/video/aamir-khan-dangal-taax-free-fatima-sanya-mahavir-signh-phogat-449018-2016-12-26|work=India Today|date=26 December 2016|access-date=27 December 2016|archive-date=27 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227075927/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/video/aamir-khan-dangal-taax-free-fatima-sanya-mahavir-signh-phogat/1/843030.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dangal gets tax-free status in CG|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/raipur/dangal-gets-tax-free-status-in-cg/articleshow/56220357.cms|work=The Times of India|date=28 December 2016|access-date=22 January 2017|archive-date=3 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103150542/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/raipur/dangal-gets-tax-free-status-in-cg/articleshow/56220357.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Aamir Khan starrer Dangal made tax-free in Haryana|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/dangal-made-tax-free-in-haryana-4445335/|work=The Indian Express|date=26 December 2016|access-date=27 December 2016|archive-date=7 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107054312/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/dangal-made-tax-free-in-haryana-4445335/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/mps-bjp-dangal-tax-free/96081/|title=MP's BJP govt gets inspired by Aamir Khan's Dangal, declares it tax-free|date=22 January 2017|work=[[Janta Ka Reporter]]|access-date=22 January 2017|archive-date=24 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124120224/http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/mps-bjp-dangal-tax-free/96081/|url-status=live}}</ref> The Movie was marketed by a Mumbai Based company named Spice PR owned by Prabhat Choudhary.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/us-baahubali-achievement-content-foresight-prabhat-choudhary/ |title=For us, Baahubali is an achievement of the content and foresight – Prabhat Choudhary |last=Sundaresan |first=Satish |date=31 May 2017 |work=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=8 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708135427/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/us-baahubali-achievement-content-foresight-prabhat-choudhary/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
===China and other releases===<br />
''Dangal''{{'}}s second phase of release was in the [[Greater China|Chinese markets]] of [[East Asia]], starting with [[Taiwan]] on 24 March 2017.<ref>{{cite news|last=B|first=Giridhar|title=Dangal China box office collection: movie entered Rs 800-crore club|url=http://uk.blastingnews.com/entertainment/2017/05/dangal-china-box-office-collection-movie-entered-rs-800-crore-club-001725183.html|work=Blasting News|date=25 May 2017|access-date=7 November 2017|archive-date=7 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107114315/http://uk.blastingnews.com/entertainment/2017/05/dangal-china-box-office-collection-movie-entered-rs-800-crore-club-001725183.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Dangal'' was screened at the 7th [[Beijing International Film Festival]], the first [[Indian film]] to be screened at the festival, in the non-competing panorama section in April 2017 as ''Shuaijiao Baba'' (Let's Wrestle, Father!), and received a standing ovation. The screening was attended by a number of Chinese celebrities, including actress [[Liu Yifei]] and actor [[Wu Gang (actor)|Wu Gang]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Aamir Khan's Dangal receives standing ovation in China|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-dangal-receives-standing-ovation-in-china-4622832/|access-date=29 April 2017|work=The Indian Express|date=21 April 2017|archive-date=7 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107054324/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/aamir-khan-dangal-receives-standing-ovation-in-china-4622832/|url-status=live}}</ref> It released theatrically in [[China]] on 5 May 2017, on 9,000 screens, "the widest ever release for an Indian film in any territory", and opened to overwhelming response from critics and audiences alike.<ref name="bbc1">{{cite news|title=Dangal: India's wrestling blockbuster delights China|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39958041|access-date=18 May 2017|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=18 May 2017|archive-date=12 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812190043/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39958041|url-status=live}}</ref> However, the film was trimmed by 20 minutes "to be in line with what the Chinese are used to."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fan|first1=Xu|title=A month of screen fun|url=http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2017-05/11/content_29302646.htm|access-date=11 May 2017|work=[[China Daily]]|date=11 May 2017|archive-date=7 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107112346/http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2017-05/11/content_29302646.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The film released in [[Hong Kong]] on 24 August 2017.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aamir Khan's Dangal wins Hong Kong bout, continues box office domination|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-s-dangal-wins-hong-kong-bout-continues-box-office-domination/story-v99Yk3mSC2MbIVCFrsBjZK.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=28 August 2017|access-date=29 August 2017|archive-date=29 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829073859/http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-s-dangal-wins-hong-kong-bout-continues-box-office-domination/story-v99Yk3mSC2MbIVCFrsBjZK.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
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In June 2017, Khan announced plans to release the film in [[Japan]] and [[South America]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Dangal will release in Japan and South America : Aamir Khan|url=http://www.talkingmoviez.com/dangal-will-release-in-japan-and-south-america-aamir-khan/|work=TalkingMoviez|date=5 June 2017|access-date=5 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603021315/http://www.talkingmoviez.com/dangal-will-release-in-japan-and-south-america-aamir-khan/|archive-date=3 June 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''Dangal'' released in Japan on 6 April 2018,<ref>{{cite web|title=映画『ダンガル きっと、つよくなる』公式サイト|url=http://gaga.ne.jp/dangal/|work=ダンガル きっと、つよくなる|publisher=Gaga Corporation|access-date=21 March 2018|archive-date=24 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324053651/http://gaga.ne.jp/dangal/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=インド映画史上最大のヒット！アーミル・カーン主演『DANGAL』4月日本公開 – シネマトゥデイ|url=https://www.cinematoday.jp/news/N0096709|work=[[:ja:シネマトゥデイ|Cinema Today]]|date=6 December 2017|language=ja-JP|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=7 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207012537/https://www.cinematoday.jp/news/N0096709|url-status=live}}</ref> and was the first film to be co-distributed by Disney with Japan's Gaga Corporation. Its [[Japanese language]] title is ダンガル きっと、つよくなる (''Dangaru Kitto, Tsuyoku Naru''), which has some similarity to the Japanese title of ''[[3 Idiots]]'' (''Kitto, Umaku Iku'').<ref>{{cite news|title=アーミル・カーン主演「Dangal」が日本公開、ディズニー×ギャガ初の共同配給|url=https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/259788|work=[[Natalie (website)|Natalie]]|date=6 December 2017|language=ja|access-date=28 January 2018|archive-date=29 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004347/https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/259788|url-status=live}}</ref> A preview of ''Dangal'' was held on 25 January 2018, by the [[Japan Wrestling Association]], whose chairman recommended the film as inspiration for the [[2020 Tokyo Olympics]].<ref>{{cite news|title=伊調も興奮！インド「レスリング映画」世界興行収入３４０億円突破の大ヒット|url=https://www.tokyo-sports.co.jp/sports/othersports/898447/|work=[[Tokyo Sports]]|date=26 January 2018|language=ja|access-date=30 January 2018|archive-date=30 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130204233/https://www.tokyo-sports.co.jp/sports/othersports/898447/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Another preview screening was held for the [[Japan at the Olympics|Japan Olympic]] [[Wrestling at the Summer Olympics|wrestling team]] during training camp in February 2018, and was well received by the audience.<ref>{{cite news|title=NEWS|url=http://gaga.ne.jp/dangal/news/|work=映画『ダンガル きっと、つよくなる』公式サイト|publisher=Gaga Corporation|date=20 February 2018|access-date=21 February 2018|archive-date=2 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502091318/http://gaga.ne.jp/dangal/news/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=【特集】全日本チームの試写会で感動の渦…映画「ダンガル きっと、つよくなる」がレスリング界にもたらすもの|author=樋口郁夫|url=http://www.japan-wrestling.jp/2018/02/20/121779/|work=Japan Wrestling Federation|date=20 February 2018|language=ja|access-date=21 February 2018|archive-date=21 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221161428/http://www.japan-wrestling.jp/2018/02/20/121779/|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
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''Dangal'' was released in [[South Korea]] on 25 April 2018.<ref>{{cite web|title=당갈 (2016)|url=http://movie.daum.net/moviedb/main?movieId=108733|website=[[Daum (web portal)|Daum]]|access-date=9 April 2018|language=ko|archive-date=9 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180409171335/http://movie.daum.net/moviedb/main?movieId=108733|url-status=live}}</ref> The film had its South Korean premier on 23 April 2018, which was attended by the [[South Korea at the Asian Games|South Korean]] female [[Wrestling at the Asian Games|wrestling team]] for the [[2018 Asian Games]].<ref>{{cite news|title=2018 아시안게임 레슬링 여자대표팀, '당갈' 보러 왔어요|url=http://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/1RYDBCHY82|author=조은정|work=Sedaily|date=23 April 2018|language=ko|access-date=23 April 2018|archive-date=23 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423232711/http://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/1RYDBCHY82|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
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=== Home media ===<br />
The film has been released on several Chinese online streaming platforms. {{as of|2018|November|}}, ''Dangal'' has been watched more than 400{{nbsp}}million times across three Chinese streaming platforms: nearly 200{{nbsp}}million on Tencent Video (140{{nbsp}}million in Hindi, nearly 60{{nbsp}}million in dubbed [[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]]),<ref name="tencent">{{cite web|title=摔跤吧！爸爸(原声版)_电影_高清1080P在线观看_腾讯视频|url=https://v.qq.com/x/cover/2xxul4n2j8y0rxi.html|website=[[Tencent Video]]|access-date=13 November 2018|language=zh-CN|archive-date=5 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005163356/https://v.qq.com/x/cover/2xxul4n2j8y0rxi.html|url-status=live}}</ref> more than {{#expr:120+24}}{{nbsp}}million on [[IQiyi]] (120{{nbsp}}million in Hindi, over 24{{nbsp}}million in Mandarin),<ref name="iqiyi">{{cite web|title=摔跤吧！爸爸|url=http://www.iqiyi.com/v_19rr7sz5b8.html|website=[[iQiyi]]|access-date=30 April 2018|archive-date=16 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416061955/http://www.iqiyi.com/v_19rr7sz5b8.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and over 80{{nbsp}}million on [[Youku]].<ref name="youku">{{cite web|title=摔跤吧!爸爸—在线播放—《摔跤吧!爸爸》—电影—优酷网，视频高清在线观看|url=http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMjg2NTM2ODU5Mg==.html|website=[[Youku]]|access-date=13 November 2018|archive-date=15 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015042011/https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMjg2NTM2ODU5Mg==.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
<br />
=== Critical response ===<br />
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{{Rotten Tomatoes prose|score=89|count=18|average=7.8|consensus=|ref=yes |access-date=18 July 2022}}<br />
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Critics often praised the portrayal of the subject matter in ''Dangal''. Rachit Gupta of ''[[Filmfare]]'' magazine gave the film a full five-star rating calling it "perfect in every sense of the word." He added, "The film's direction and writing is so riveting that it coaxes it's the viewer to stand up and applaud. Great editing and filmmaking technique aside, Dangal features wrestling matches that are authentic and real."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gupta|first1=Rachit|title=Movie review: Dangal|url=http://www.filmfare.com/reviews/movie-review-dangal-17634.html|work=[[Filmfare]]|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170524174127/http://www.filmfare.com/reviews/movie-review-dangal-17634.html|archive-date=24 May 2017|date=22 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Meena Iyer of ''[[The Times of India]]'' called it "inspiring and entertaining" and awarded a four-and-a-half out of five star rating. She commended the writing of being for "tongue-in-cheek quality, peppered with humour and several poignant father-daughter emotions."<ref>{{cite web|last=Iyer|first=Meena|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/dangal/movie-review/56102623.cms|title=Dangal Movie Review|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170524031746/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/dangal/movie-review/56102623.cms|archive-date=24 May 2017|date=22 December 2016|access-date=22 December 2016|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=live}}</ref> Shubhra Gupta of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' gave a three out of five star rating and stated that the film worked on two parameters: that it is a "straight-forward film about a popular sport" and the "strong feminist statement about girls being the equal of boys, if not better, in an area they've never been seen, let alone accepted."<ref>{{cite web|last=Gupta|first=Shubhra|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/dangal-movie-review-aamir-khan-sakshi-tanwar-star-rating-4438873/|title=Dangal movie review: Aamir Khan, Phogat girls deserve no silver, only gold|date=22 December 2016|access-date=22 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112053256/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/dangal-movie-review-aamir-khan-sakshi-tanwar-star-rating-4438873/|archive-date=12 January 2017|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> [[Saibal Chatterjee]] of ''[[NDTV]]'' gave the film four out of five stars and calling it a "hugely entertaining sporting saga", pointed out that unlike other [[Bollywood]] films, ''Dangal'' does not "go for broke in terms of melodramatic flourish" and that it refrains from "demonstrative chest-thumping and flag-waving". He felt it blended "humour with intensity, and intimacy with spectacle, to perfection."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/movie-reviews/dangal-movie-review-aamir-khan-s-well-crafted-film-is-an-outright-winner-1349|title=Dangal Movie Review: Aamir Khan's Well-Crafted Film Is An Outright Winner|date=22 December 2016|access-date=22 December 2016|last=Chatterjee|first=Saibal|author-link=Saibal Chatterjee|publisher=[[NDTV]]}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><br />
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Ananya Bhattacharya of ''[[India Today]]'' gave a four out of five-star rating and wrote, "the fights, emotional turmoil, the father-daughter tiffs, take centre-stage in ''Dangal''." She added, "Tiwari uses every single trope in the book of Bollywood sports films ... with a freshness and expertise seldom seen."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/dangal-movie-review-aamir-khan-fatima-sanya-359014-2016-12-22|title=Dangal Movie Review|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161223053327/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/dangal-movie-review-aamir-khan-fatima-sanya/1/840679.html|archive-date=23 December 2016|date=22 December 2016|access-date=22 December 2016|author=Bhattacharya, Ananya|url-status=live|work=[[India Today]]}}</ref> Awarding the film a full five stars, Rohit Bhatnagar of ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' called it "an unmissable epic". Terming the narrative "engaging to the core", he drew comparisons to ''[[Chak De! India]]'', while commending the acting performances and cinematography.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/221216/dangal-movie-review-an-unmissable-epic.html|title=Dangal movie review: An unmissable epic|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512174617/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/221216/dangal-movie-review-an-unmissable-epic.html|archive-date=12 May 2017|date=22 December 2016|access-date=22 December 2016|author=Bhatnagar, Rohit|url-status=live|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref> [[Sukanya Verma]] of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' felt that ''Dangal'' was "one of those few films that discuss strategy and technique in a manner that's easy and entertaining to grasp". Calling it an "exhilarating creation" and praising the acting performances, she wrote, "the raw, rough, visceral choreography of the fights ... evokes sheer awe".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-dangal-is-the-perfect-finish-to-2016/20161222.htm|title=Review: Dangal is the perfect finish to 2016|date=22 December 2016|access-date=24 December 2016|author=Verma, Sukanya|work=[[Rediff.com]]|archive-date=24 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224065334/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-dangal-is-the-perfect-finish-to-2016/20161222.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Lisa Tsering of ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' felt the film is driven by "emotional resonance, technical artistry and compelling performances" while adding that "it's so thrilling to watch. Not only do the family scenes ring true, but Tiwari approaches the wrestling sequences with intelligence and sensitivity."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tsering|first1=Lisa|title='Dangal' ('Wrestling Match'): Film Review|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/film-dangal-wrestling-match-959164|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225134923/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/film-dangal-wrestling-match-959164|archive-date=25 December 2016|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|access-date=24 May 2017|date=24 December 2016}}</ref><br />
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{{quote box|width=30%|quote=There is not a trace of superstar-about Aamir Khan or a hint of vanity. For most of the film, he's an old, overweight man. Given the Bollywood obsession with looking youthful and flaunting six-packs, this itself is an act of courage. But Aamir doesn't just look the part. He also becomes it. He is by turns, ferocious and tender ... It's a masterful performance.|source=[[Anupama Chopra]] of ''Film Companion''<ref>{{cite web|author1=Chopra, Anupama|author-link1=Anupama Chopra|title=Dangal Movie Review|url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/article/dangal-bollywood-movie-review-anupama-chopra|work=Film Companion|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524171239/https://www.filmcompanion.in/article/dangal-bollywood-movie-review-anupama-chopra|archive-date=24 May 2017|date=22 December 2016}}</ref>}}<br />
While commending the acting performances of all the lead actors, most critics focused praise on Khan's performance. Deepa Gauri of ''[[Khaleej Times]]'' wrote that Khan "puts in such an earnest and inspired performance that [it] will go down in the history of [[Indian cinema]] as one of the finest."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gauri|first1=Deepa|title=Dangal review: Honest, intense and searingly real|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/citytimes/movie-reviews/dangal-review-honest-intense-and-searingly-real|work=[[Khaleej Times]]|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524174651/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/citytimes/movie-reviews/dangal-review-honest-intense-and-searingly-real|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Maitland McDonagh]] wrote for ''[[Film Journal International]]'' that "[a]ll four actresses playing Geeta and Babita are strikingly good, and Khan stands out as the deeply flawed Mahavir."<ref>{{cite web|last1=McDonagh|first1=Maitland|author-link=Maitland McDonagh|title=Film Review: Dangal|url=http://www.filmjournal.com/reviews/film-review-dangal|work=[[Film Journal International]]|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170524140349/http://www.filmjournal.com/reviews/film-review-dangal|archive-date=24 May 2017|date=21 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aniruddha Guha of ''MensXP.com'' thought that Khan captured the character's "highs and lows with flourish" and called it a "truly great performance", while adding that "the girls of 'Dangal' are a real find."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Guha|first1=Aniruddha|title=Movie Review: 'Dangal' Ensures 2016 Ends With A Last Ball Six|url=http://www.mensxp.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/34088-movie-review-lsquo-dangal-rsquo-ensures-2016-ends-with-a-last-ball-six.html|website=MensXP.com|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524143606/http://www.mensxp.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/34088-movie-review-lsquo-dangal-rsquo-ensures-2016-ends-with-a-last-ball-six.html|archive-date=24 May 2017|date=23 December 2016}}</ref> Rohit Vats of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' called it "best performance till date".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/dangal-review-aamir-khan-s-gameplan-and-phogat-sisters-pace-win-hearts/story-3Gr1jsRCnImwshMvYkhn3L.html|title=Dangal movie review: Aamir Khan and Phogat sisters' story win the bout|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222044315/http://hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/dangal-review-aamir-khan-s-gameplan-and-phogat-sisters-pace-win-hearts/story-3Gr1jsRCnImwshMvYkhn3L.html|archive-date=22 December 2016|date=22 December 2016|access-date=22 December 2016|author=Vats, Rohit|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> Raja Sen of Rediff.com felt Khan's character was "both fascinating and flawed" and added that he is "a winner utterly sure of his beliefs who bends the world around him to his will. It is the performance of a lifetime".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-dangal-is-indias-best-sports-film/20161222.htm|title=Review: Dangal is India's best sports film|date=22 December 2016|access-date=22 December 2016|author=Sen, Raja|work=[[Rediff.com]]|archive-date=23 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923152138/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-dangal-is-indias-best-sports-film/20161222.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Baradwaj Rangan]] of ''[[The Hindu]]'' noted in his personal blog that Khan brought out the contradicting nature of the character "beautifully" and called it "one of his finest performances."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Rangan|first1=Baradwaj|title=Dangal Terrific performances elevate a drama that's more solid than spectacular|url=https://baradwajrangan.wordpress.com/2016/12/22/dangal-terrific-performances-elevate-a-drama-thats-more-solid-than-spectacular/|publisher=baradwajrangan.wordpress.com|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524132901/https://baradwajrangan.wordpress.com/2016/12/22/dangal-terrific-performances-elevate-a-drama-thats-more-solid-than-spectacular/|archive-date=24 May 2017|date=22 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' magazine's [[Owen Gleiberman]] felt that Khan, despite looking like a "[[Jock (stereotype)|jock]] version of [[Salman Rushdie]] ... with a tight-lipped mask, [he] finds a hundred ways to communicate emotion."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gleiberman|first1=Owen|author-link=Owen Gleiberman|title=Film Review: Dangal|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/reviews/dangal-review-aamir-khan-1201947338/|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512152614/http://variety.com/2016/film/reviews/dangal-review-aamir-khan-1201947338/|archive-date=12 May 2017|date=22 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
The film had its share of detractors who, while praising the narrative and performances, felt that the concept of [[feminism]] portrayed in the film was flawed. They pointed out that the wrestler-father, in pursuit of his goal of winning a medal for the country, trains his daughters against their will. Reviewing for ''[[The Hindu]]'', [[Namrata Joshi]] wrote that the film despite aiming not to hide "chinks in the feminist armour", it does not explore its "dilemmas and complexities" and only "brush[es] things under the easy nationalistic carpet" by "justifying everything with "nation before the individual" logic." She complained of the "easy celebration of the supposed fall of patriarchy" depicted in the film and maintained that "men actually still remain very much in control."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Joshi|first1=Namrata|title=Dangal: nationalism over feminism|url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Dangal-nationalism-over-feminism/article16924087.ece|work=The Hindu|access-date=24 May 2017|date=22 December 2016|archive-date=7 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107054314/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Dangal-nationalism-over-feminism/article16924087.ece1|url-status=live}}</ref> The view was echoed by Vartika Pande, in her "Feminist Reading" of the film for ''feminisminindia.com'', who wrote, "''Dangal'' ends up being a film about a patriarch at the helm who "empowers" women and obviously takes all the accolades."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Pande|first1=Vartika|title=A Feminist Reading Of Dangal|url=https://feminisminindia.com/2016/12/26/dangal-feminist-film-review/|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226001936/https://feminisminindia.com/2016/12/26/dangal-feminist-film-review/|archive-date=26 December 2016|date=26 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al Jazeera]]'s Azad Essa, while reviewing the film for ''[[Independent Online (South Africa)|Independent Online]]'' observed that "the elevation of women is still a manifestation of an unfulfilled male dream. It is the male coach who emerges as the true hero, and not the women."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/opinion-why-everyone-should-watch-dangal-7281137|title=Why everyone should watch Dangal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524141121/http://www.iol.co.za/news/why-everyone-should-watch-dangal-7281137|archive-date=24 May 2017|date=27 December 2016|access-date=24 May 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Strong responses on similar lines from a small section of the Chinese viewers met the film, where, following the release, a fresh debate on feminism began.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Pinghui|first1=Zhuang|title=How a Bollywood film topped China's box office and opened debate on feminism|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2095053/how-bollywood-film-topped-chinas-box-office-and-opened-debate|website=[[South China Morning Post]]|date=21 May 2017 |access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170523223540/http://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2095053/how-bollywood-film-topped-chinas-box-office-and-opened-debate|archive-date=23 May 2017}}</ref> A viewer complained that the film "reeks of patriarchy and male chauvinism".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-18 |title=Beyond India-China fight, Dangal sparks feminism debate in the 'land of dragons' |url=https://www.oneindia.com/international/beyond-india-china-fight-dangal-sparks-feminism-debate-the-2438084.html |access-date=2025-11-08 |website=[[Oneindia]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
Criticism was also directed at other areas of the film such as the characterisation of the coach at the academy. Uday Bhatia of ''[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]'' felt it was "incompetent and vindictive".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bhatia|first1=Uday|title=Film review: Dangal|url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/5EOKGWpWjsrHWv2EjxrkcL/Film-review-Dangal.html|work=Mint|access-date=24 May 2017|date=22 December 2016|archive-date=31 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131190337/http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/5EOKGWpWjsrHWv2EjxrkcL/Film-review-Dangal.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Rajeev Masand]] felt it was "shoddy" and that the "twist in the film's final act ... came off as completely unconvincing".<ref>{{cite web|author1=Masand, Rajeev|author-link1=Rajeev Masand|title=Benefit of bout|url=http://www.rajeevmasand.com/reviews/our-films/benefit-of-bout/|publisher=rajeevmasand.com|date=23 December 2016|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524172421/http://www.rajeevmasand.com/reviews/our-films/benefit-of-bout/|archive-date=24 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tanul Thakur of ''[[The Wire (India)|TheWire.in]]'' also felt that the coach was "reduced to a caricature" and that "he simply exists because Aamir can become a hero." Thakur wrote that the second half of the film was "repetitive and bloated" and that it uses "clichés ... needlessly trying to inject drama".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Thakur|first1=Tanul|title=Dangal Aims High But Misses the Gold Medal|url=https://thewire.in/88865/dangal-aamir-khan/|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524180305/https://thewire.in/88865/dangal-aamir-khan/|archive-date=24 May 2017|date=22 December 2017|work=[[The Wire (India)|The Wire]]|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
In Hong Kong, Nicola Chan of ''[[South China Morning Post]]'' rated the film 5 out of 5 stars.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Chan|first1=Nicola|title=Dangal forces us to rethink societal roles for females in India [Review]|url=http://yp.scmp.com/entertainment/movies/article/106813/dangal-forces-us-rethink-societal-roles-females-india|work=[[South China Morning Post]]|date=20 July 2017|access-date=7 April 2018|archive-date=7 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407184422/http://yp.scmp.com/entertainment/movies/article/106813/dangal-forces-us-rethink-societal-roles-females-india|url-status=dead}}</ref> In Japan, Yuri Wakabayashi of [[:ja:映画.com|Eiga]] gave the film a positive review.<ref>{{cite web|last=Wakabayashi|first=Yuri|title=ダンガル きっと、つよくなる : 映画評論・批評|url=http://eiga.com/movie/88238/critic/|website=[[:ja:映画.com|Eiga]]|date=6 April 2018|language=ja-JP|access-date=7 April 2018|archive-date=7 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407183636/http://eiga.com/movie/88238/critic/|url-status=live}}</ref> Yoshika Yamada of [[IGN|IGN Japan]] called the film a "masterpiece" and rated it 9 out of 10.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yamada|first=Yoshika|title=現代のインド映画の素晴らしさが詰まった傑作『ダンガル きっと、つよくなる』レビュー|url=http://jp.ign.com/dangal/23657/review/|website=[[IGN|IGN Japan]]|language=ja-JP|date=6 April 2018|access-date=6 April 2018|archive-date=6 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406163815/http://jp.ign.com/dangal/23657/review/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[:ja:夕刊フジ|Zakzak]] rated the film 4 out of 5 stars.<ref>{{cite web|title=【シネマパラダイス】伊調とも戦ったレスリング選手の実話「ダンガル きっと、つよくなる」|url=https://www.zakzak.co.jp/ent/news/180408/ent1804086228-n1.html|website=[[:ja:夕刊フジ|Zakzak]]|date=8 April 2018|access-date=8 April 2018|language=ja-JP|archive-date=9 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180409110110/https://www.zakzak.co.jp/ent/news/180408/ent1804086228-n1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The film has received praise from a number of Japanese celebrities, including film critic Takeo Matsuzaki, [[Tarento|television personality]] [[Tsutomu Sekine]], [[video game]] developer [[Hideo Kojima]], [[manga]] authors [[Keisuke Itagaki]] and [[Noboru Kawasaki]], and athletes including Olympic wrestlers [[Saori Yoshida]] and [[Kazuhito Sakae]], professional wrestlers [[Antonio Inoki]] and [[Tatsumi Fujinami]], tennis player [[Shuzo Matsuoka]], and weightlifter [[Hiromi Miyake]].<ref>{{cite web|title=映画『ダンガル きっと、つよくなる』公式サイト|url=http://gaga.ne.jp/dangal/comment/|website=Gaga Corporation|access-date=6 April 2018|archive-date=30 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630041950/https://gaga.ne.jp/dangal/comment/|url-status=live}}</ref> Upon release in Japan, it ranked first among early April 2018 releases in audience polls conducted by [[Culture Convenience Club|Filmarks]] (4.22 out of 5 stars)<ref>{{cite news|title=【発表】映画『ダンガル きっと、つよくなる』初日満足度ランキング1位獲得|url=https://filmaga.filmarks.com/articles/1891|work=Filmarks|publisher=Filmaga|agency=[[Culture Convenience Club]]|date=9 April 2018|language=ja|access-date=10 April 2018|archive-date=10 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410135539/https://filmaga.filmarks.com/articles/1891|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[:ja:ぴあ|PIA]]<ref>{{cite news|title=「魂が震えた！」映画『ダンガル』絶賛の声が続出で満足度第1位に|url=http://cinema.pia.co.jp/news/173504/74749/|work=[[:ja:ぴあ|PIA]]|date=9 April 2018|language=ja|access-date=10 April 2018|archive-date=10 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410135649/http://cinema.pia.co.jp/news/173504/74749/|url-status=dead}}</ref> (93.3 out of 100).<ref>{{cite news|title=ぴあ映画初日満足度ランキング発表！第１位は『ダンガル きっと、つよくなる』|url=https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000826.000011710.html|work=プレスリリース・ニュースリリース配信シェアNo.1|agency=PR Times|date=9 April 2018|access-date=10 April 2018|archive-date=10 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410135159/https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000826.000011710.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Box office ===<br />
''Dangal'' grossed [[Indian rupee|{{INR}}]]716 crore after its initial run. It included {{INR}}511 crore in India and {{INR}}205 crore overseas.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dangal collections: After Baahubali 2, Aamir Khan's movie crosses Rs 1,000 cr mark|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/entertainment/dangal-collections-after-baahubali-2-aamir-khans-movie-crosses-rs-1000-cr-mark/667971/|work=The Financial Express|access-date=21 May 2017|date=14 May 2017|archive-date=20 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520055325/http://www.financialexpress.com/entertainment/dangal-collections-after-baahubali-2-aamir-khans-movie-crosses-rs-1000-cr-mark/667971/|url-status=live}}</ref> After it collected a [[Net (economics)|nett]] of {{INR}}345 crore over its third weekend from release, it beat the record held by ''[[PK (film)|PK]]'' for the [[List of highest-grossing Indian films|highest grossing Indian film]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jha|first=Lata|title=Aamir Khan's 'Dangal' beats 'PK' to become highest Bollywood grosser|url=http://www.livemint.com/Consumer/qD9lVsv23nJrdwNGUHHkjK/Aamir-Khans-Dangal-beats-PK-to-become-highest-Bollywood.html|access-date=21 May 2017|work=Mint|date=10 January 2017|archive-date=24 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170924044926/http://www.livemint.com/Consumer/qD9lVsv23nJrdwNGUHHkjK/Aamir-Khans-Dangal-beats-PK-to-become-highest-Bollywood.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Dangal became highest grossing Indian film worldwide in July 2017, with an estimated gross of [[1000 Crore Club|{{INR}}2,000 crore]] by some sources, after its second phase of release in China and Taiwan. These numbers could be fake as there are no concrete source for these.<ref name="dangal1743">{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=2952|title=Dangal Surpasses Bahubali 2 Worldwide in All Languages|publisher=Box Office India|access-date=23 July 2019|archive-date=8 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108025903/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=2952|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://newsnexa.com/entertainment/aamir-khans-dangal-becomes-first-bollywood-film-to-cross-rs-2000-crores/|title=Dangal becomes the first Indian film to earn more than Rs 2,000 cr worldwide|date=4 July 2017|access-date=4 July 2017|archive-date=19 October 2017|work=News Nexa|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019220912/https://newsnexa.com/entertainment/aamir-khans-dangal-becomes-first-bollywood-film-to-cross-rs-2000-crores/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In July 2017, a spokesperson for Aamir Khan denied the reports that Dangal has crossed ₹ 2,000 crore worldwide.<ref>{{cite news|last=Misra|first=Tushya|title=Has Aamir Khan's Dangal Really Made 2,000 Crore? Don't Celebrate Just Yet|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/has-aamir-khans-dangal-really-made-2-000-crore-dont-celebrate-just-yet-1720035|access-date=20 February 2022|work=NDTV|date=3 July 2017|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703142249/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/has-aamir-khans-dangal-really-made-2-000-crore-dont-celebrate-just-yet-1720035|url-status=live}}</ref> The worldwide distributor share of ''Dangal'' was {{INR}}525 crore {{as of|2017|June|1|lc=y}}.<ref name="dangal1743" /><ref name="worlddistributor">{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=2971|title=Dangal v Bahubali 2 Worldwide Update|publisher=Box Office India|access-date=23 July 2019|archive-date=8 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108065345/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=2971|url-status=live}}</ref> {{as of|2017|June|}}, the worldwide gross of ''Dangal'' stood nearly at US$307&nbsp;million ({{INR}}2,000 crore) with some sources.<ref name="dangal2000cr307mn">{{Cite web|date=26 June 2017|accessdate=26 June 2017|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/26/indias-dangal-takes-down-₹2000-crore-305m-a-major-milestone-in-world-cinema/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170626095819/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/26/indias-dangal-takes-down-%E2%82%B92000-crore-305m-a-major-milestone-in-world-cinema/|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 June 2017|title=India's 'Dangal' Blasts Past 2,000 Crore Rupees / $307M, A Milestone in World Cinema|first=Rob|last=Cain|website=Forbes}}</ref><ref name="5thForbes" /> ''Dangal'' emerged as [[2016 in film#Highest-grossing films|30th highest-grossing film of 2016]] worldwide and the fifth highest-grossing non-English film of all time.<ref name="5thForbes" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/earning-300-million-aamir-khan-s-dangal-becomes-30th-biggest-hit-worldwide-323680.html|title=Earning $300 Million, Aamir Khan's Dangal Becomes 30th Biggest Hit Worldwide|date=12 June 2017|last=Sharma|first=Isha|accessdate=12 June 2017|website=Indiatimes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/lifestyle/off-track/dangal-becomes-first-indian-film-to-earn-300-million-at-worldwide-box-office/story/254246.html|title=Aamir Khan's Dangal becomes first Indian film to earn more than Rs 1,900 cr at worldwide box office|website=[[Business Today (India)|Business Today]]|date=12 June 2017|access-date=23 July 2019|archive-date=23 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723073757/https://www.businesstoday.in/lifestyle/off-track/dangal-becomes-first-indian-film-to-earn-300-million-at-worldwide-box-office/story/254246.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="float:right; width:45%; text-align:center;"<br />
|+ ''Dangal'' worldwide gross revenue breakdown<br />
|-<br />
! Territories<br />
! class="unsortable" | Gross revenue<br />
! Footfalls ({{estimation}} ticket sales)<br />
|-<br />
| [[List of highest-grossing films in India|India]]<br />
| {{INR|511.58 [[crore]]}} ({{US$|{{To USD|5115.8|IND|year=2016}} million}})<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Grossers All Formats India Gross |url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/all_format_india_gross.php |access-date=2024-01-22 |website=www.boxofficeindia.com}}</ref><br />
| 37,000,000<ref name="avatar">{{cite web |title=Avatar |url=http://www.insidekino.com/BO/Avatar.htm |website=Inside Kino |language=de |accessdate=18 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226162031/https://www.insidekino.com/BO/Avatar.htm |archive-date=26 December 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
! Overseas (2016)<br />
! {{INR|205 crore}} ({{US$|30.02 million}})<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-14 |title=Dangal collections: After Baahubali 2, Aamir Khan's movie crosses Rs 1,000 cr mark |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/life/entertainment-dangal-collections-after-baahubali-2-aamir-khans-movie-crosses-rs-1000-cr-mark-667971/ |access-date=2024-01-22 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref><ref name="exchange">{{cite web |title=Exchange Rates (68.3 INR per USD) |work=[[The World Factbook]] |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2076.html |year=2016 |access-date=30 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215024949/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook//fields/2076.html |archive-date=15 February 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
! 2,880,832<br />
|-<br />
| [[United States]] and [[Canada]]<br />
| {{US$|12.4 million}}<ref name="boi">{{cite web|title=Dangal|url=http://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=3443|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606092407/http://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=3443|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 June 2017|publisher=[[Box Office India]]|access-date=14 November 2017|date=6 June 2017}}</ref> ({{INR}}85{{nbsp}}crore)<ref name="exchange" /><br />
| 1,432,000<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dangal (2016) - United States |url=http://www.jpbox-office.com/fichfilm.php?id=16610&view=1 |access-date=2022-05-03 |website=JP's Box-Office |language=fr |archive-date=3 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503101706/http://www.jpbox-office.com/fichfilm.php?id=16610&view=1 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Gulf Cooperation Council|Arab Gulf States (GCC)]]<br />
| {{US$|8.8 million}}<ref name="boi" /> ({{INR}}60.104{{nbsp}}crore)<ref name="exchange" /><br />
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:8800000/9.53 round 0}}|}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Cinema ticket price |url=https://www.nationmaster.com/country-info/stats/Cost-of-living/Cinema-ticket-price/International-release |website=NationMaster.com |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-date=10 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210044612/https://www.nationmaster.com/country-info/stats/Cost-of-living/Cinema-ticket-price/International-release |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[United Kingdom]]<br />
| £2.6{{nbsp}}million<ref name=":2" /> {{ndash}} {{USD|4 million|long=no}} ({{INR|{{#expr:4*(198.73/29.19) round 2}} crore}})<ref name=":3" /><br />
| 348,134<ref name="lumiere">{{cite web |title=Film: Dangal |url=http://lumiere.obs.coe.int/web/film_info/?id=68202 |website=[[Lumiere (database)|Lumiere]] |access-date=23 June 2019 |archive-date=23 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623163038/http://lumiere.obs.coe.int/web/film_info/?id=68202 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Australia]]<br />
| [[Australian dollar|$A]]&nbsp;2.63{{nbsp}}million<ref name="boi" /> {{ndash}} {{INRConvert|14|c|year=2016|mode=historical}}<ref name="hungama">{{cite web |date=24 December 2016 |title=Box Office: Worldwide Collections and Day wise breakup of Dangal |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-worldwide-collections-day-wise-breakup-dangal/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709215543/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-worldwide-collections-day-wise-breakup-dangal/ |archive-date=9 July 2018 |access-date=3 July 2023 |work=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}</ref><br />
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:2630000/13.8 round 0}}|}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Ticket prices – Box office |url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/fact-finders/cinema/industry-trends/box-office/ticket-prices |publisher=[[Screen Australia]] |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-date=5 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805143621/https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/fact-finders/cinema/industry-trends/box-office/ticket-prices |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Belgium]], [[Luxembourg]], [[Norway]]<br />
|US$97,152<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=intl&id=dangal.htm|title=Dangal (2016) – International Box Office Results – Box Office Mojo|website=boxofficemojo.com|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-date=21 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190521223053/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=intl&id=dangal.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> – (₹12.318 crore)<br />
| 12,318<ref name="lumiere" /><br />
|-<br />
! [[Greater China|Chinese markets]] (2017)<br />
! {{INR|{{#expr:1231+41+23.1 round 1}} crore}} ({{US$|{{#expr:192.22+6.3+3.55 round 0}} million}})<br />
! 45,984,728<br />
|-<br />
| [[List of highest-grossing films in China|China]]<br />
| [[Renminbi|¥]]1,299,181,400<ref name="endata">{{cite web |title=Ranking |url=https://ys.endata.cn/BoxOffice/Ranking |website=Endata |language=zh |access-date=7 February 2023 |quote=摔跤吧!爸爸 |archive-date=7 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207113024/https://ys.endata.cn/BoxOffice/Ranking |url-status=live }}</ref> {{ndash}} {{US$|{{To USD|1299.1814|CHN|year=2017}} million}} ({{INR|1231 crore}})<br />
| 44,897,623<ref name="auto">[https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-dangal-collects-390k-usd-rs-2-51-cr-day-52-china-total-collections-rs-1210-cr/ Box Office: Dangal collects 390k USD (Rs. 2.51 cr.) on Day 52 in China; total collections Rs. 1210 cr] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810174837/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-dangal-collects-390k-usd-rs-2-51-cr-day-52-china-total-collections-rs-1210-cr/ |date=10 August 2019 }}, [[Bollywood Hungama]], 26 June 2017</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Taiwan]]<br />
| [[New Taiwan dollar|NT$]]167{{nbsp}}million<ref name="taiwan">{{cite web|url=http://www.tfi.org.tw/publicinfo/全國電影票房截至2017年十月前資訊_1103.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111095137/http://www.tfi.org.tw/publicinfo/%E5%85%A8%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1%E7%A5%A8%E6%88%BF%E6%88%AA%E8%87%B32017%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%81%E6%9C%88%E5%89%8D%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A_1103.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 November 2017|script-title=zh:全國電影票房截至2017年十月前資訊|website=[[Taiwan Film Institute]]|date=5 July 2017|language=zh-hant|trans-title=National film box office as of October 2017|access-date=13 February 2021}}</ref> {{ndash}} {{INRConvert|41|c|year=2017|mode=historical}}<ref name="forbes-taiwan">{{cite news|last=Cain|first=Rob|title='Secret Superstar' Tracking Well Against 'Dangal' Taiwan Run With $285K/₹1.85 Cr. Through Day 6|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/11/30/secret-superstar-tracking-well-against-dangals-taiwan-run-with-285k-1-85-cr-through-day-6/|work=[[Forbes]]|date=30 November 2017|access-date=2 December 2017|archive-date=2 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202104312/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/11/30/secret-superstar-tracking-well-against-dangals-taiwan-run-with-285k-1-85-cr-through-day-6/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
| 730,000<ref>{{cite web |title=我和我的冠軍女兒-票房收入 |url=http://asia.dorama.info/drama/pfd_boxoffice.php?num=19308 |website=Dorama.info |access-date=6 February 2019 |archive-date=9 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124001/http://asia.dorama.info/drama/pfd_boxoffice.php?num=19308 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Hong Kong]]<br />
| [[HK$]]27,139,998<ref name="hungama-dangal">{{cite news|title=Dangal Box Office|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/dangal/box-office/|work=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=19 January 2018|archive-date=15 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115035625/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/dangal/box-office/|url-status=live}}</ref> {{ndash}} {{INRConvert|23.1|c|year=2017|mode=historical}}<ref name="forbes-hk">{{cite news|last=Cain|first=Rob|title='Dangal' Continues Record Hong Kong Run To Cross ₹23 Cr./$3.5M|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/10/10/dangal-continues-record-hong-kong-run-to-cross-23-cr-3-5m/|work=[[Forbes]]|date=10 October 2017|access-date=19 October 2017|archive-date=16 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816205500/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/10/10/dangal-continues-record-hong-kong-run-to-cross-23-cr-3-5m/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:27139998/76 round 0}}|}}<ref>{{cite web |date=6 June 2018 |title=LCQ1: Measures to facilitate cinema development in Hong Kong |url=https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201806/06/P2018060600512.htm |publisher=[[Government of Hong Kong]] |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-date=27 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181027183225/https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201806/06/P2018060600512.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
! Overseas (2018)<br />
! {{INRConvert|{{#expr:6+3+3}}|c|year=2018|mode=historical}}<br />
! 511,669<br />
|-<br />
| [[South Korea]]<br />
| {{KRW|906.42&nbsp;million|link=yes}}<ref name="korea">{{cite web|title=KOFIC 영화관 입장권 통합전산망|url=http://www.kobis.or.kr/kobis/business/mast/mvie/searchMovieList.do|website=[[Korean Film Council]]|date=September 2018|access-date=8 November 2018|language=ko|archive-date=21 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321025355/http://www.kobis.or.kr/kobis/business/mast/mvie/searchMovieList.do|url-status=live}}</ref> {{ndash}} US$850,000<ref name="krw">{{cite web|title=Historical Exchange Rates Tool & Forex History Data (1069 KRW per USD)|url=https://www.ofx.com/en-gb/forex-news/historical-exchange-rates/|website=[[OFX (company)|OFX]]|date=30 April 2018|access-date=16 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619140101/https://www.ofx.com/en-gb/forex-news/historical-exchange-rates/|archive-date=19 June 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> ({{INR|{{formatnum:{{#expr:850000*(100/{{To USD|100|IND}})/10000000 round 0}}|}} crore}})<br />
| 109,500<ref name="korea" /><br />
|-<br />
| [[Turkey]]<br />
| [[Turkish lira|₺]]1,556,553<ref>{{cite web |title=Turkey Box Office, October 13–15, 2017 |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/intl/turkey/?yr=2017&wk=41&currency=local |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-date=10 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210044457/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/intl/turkey/?yr=2017&wk=41&currency=local |url-status=live }}</ref> {{ndash}} {{US$|428,201|link=yes}}<ref name="turkey">{{cite web|title=Turkey Box Office, October 13–15, 2017|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/intl/turkey/?yr=2017&wk=41|website=[[Box Office Mojo]]|access-date=8 February 2018|archive-date=28 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528014646/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/intl/turkey/?yr=2017&wk=41|url-status=live}}</ref> ({{INR|{{formatnum:{{#expr:428201*(100/{{To USD|100|IND}})/10000000 round 0}}|}} crore}})<br />
| 364,146<ref name="lumiere" /><br />
|-<br />
| [[Japan]]<br />
| {{JPY|50&nbsp;million|link=yes}} {{ndash}} {{INRConvert|3|c|year=2018|mode=historical}}<ref name="japan">{{cite news|title=Dangal vs Baahubali 2: The Conclusion in Japan – Aamir Khan's film adds Rs 3 cr to unrivaled global total|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dangal-vs-baahubali-2-the-conclusion-in-japan-aamir-khans-film-adds-rs-3-cr-to-unrivaled-global-total-4444855.html|work=Firstpost|date=25 April 2018|access-date=25 April 2018|archive-date=10 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810174822/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dangal-vs-baahubali-2-the-conclusion-in-japan-aamir-khans-film-adds-rs-3-cr-to-unrivaled-global-total-4444855.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:50000000/1315 round 0}}|}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Statistics Of Film Industry in Japan|url=http://www.eiren.org/statistics_e/index.html|website=Eiren|publisher=Motion Picture Producers Association of Japan|access-date=8 February 2019|archive-date=5 May 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050505192057/http://www.eiren.org/statistics_e/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
! [[List of highest-grossing Indian films in overseas markets|Overseas total]]<br />
! {{INR|{{#expr:1295.1+205+12 round 0}} crore}} ({{US$|{{#expr:202+30.02+1.7 round 0}} million}})<br />
! 49,377,229<br />
|-<br />
! [[List of highest-grossing Indian films|Worldwide total]]<br />
! {{INR|2,024 crore}}<ref name="boi-worldwide">{{cite news |title=Top Worldwide Figures – All Formats And Hindi |url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=4396 |publisher=[[Box Office India]] |date=2 November 2018 |access-date=25 August 2019 |archive-date=27 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091327/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=4396 |url-status=live }}</ref> ({{US$|{{To USD|20240|IND|year=2017|round=yes}} million}})<br />
! 86,402,829<br />
|}<br />
''Dangal'' is the first Indian film to gross $300&nbsp;million worldwide,<ref name="5thForbes" /> and one of the top 30 highest-grossing [[2016 in film|2016 films]]. ''Dangal'' is also the highest-grossing [[sports film]], and Disney's fourth highest-grossing film of 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/dangal-box-office-collection-aamir-khan-film-rs-2000-crore-club-4714883/|title=Dangal box office: Aamir Khan film is fourth biggest worldwide hit for Disney, to enter Rs 2000-cr club this weekend|work=The Indian Express|date=22 June 2017|accessdate=22 June 2017}}</ref> ''Dangal'' is also the first Indian film to exceed $100&nbsp;million<ref name="forbes-may">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/05/29/no-its-not-a-typo-dangal-is-nearing-us-150-million-at-chinas-box-office/|title=No, It's Not A Typo – 'Dangal' Is Nearing $150 Million at China's Box Office|first=Rob|last=Cain|magazine=[[Forbes]]|date=29 May 2017|access-date=25 January 2019|archive-date=12 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212041726/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/05/29/no-its-not-a-typo-dangal-is-nearing-us-150-million-at-chinas-box-office/|url-status=live}}</ref> and {{INR}}1,000 crore overseas,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/dangal-box-office-collection-aamir-khan-starrer-turns-1st-indian-film-cross-rs-1000-crore-mark-728031|title=Aamir Khan's Dangal turns 1st Indian film to cross Rs 1,000 crore mark at overseas box office|last=Hooli|first=Shekhar H|work=[[International Business Times]]|date=25 May 2017|accessdate=25 May 2017}}</ref> grossing around {{INRConvert|1459|c|year=2017|mode=historical}} in overseas markets by June 2017.<ref name="india.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.india.com/buzz/dangal-with-rs-2000-cr-box-office-collection-makes-aamir-beat-salman-and-shah-rukh-khans-highest-overseas-grossing-movies-put-together-2274896/|title=Dangal with Rs 2000-cr Box Office Collection makes Aamir beat Salman and Shah Rukh Khan's highest overseas grossing movies put together!|website=[[India.com]]|last=Mishra|first=Rashmi|date=27 June 2017|accessdate=27 June 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
''Dangal'' collected {{INR}}29.8 crore on its opening day of release in India, and recorded as the second highest non-holiday opening after ''[[Dhoom 3]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/bollywood/box-office/2016/dangal-first-day-friday-opening-box-office-collection-report-250134.html|title=Dangal First Day (Opening) Box Office Collection: Excellent!|author=Puri|work=Filmibeat|date=24 December 2016|access-date=27 December 2016|archive-date=26 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226171603/http://www.filmibeat.com/bollywood/box-office/2016/dangal-first-day-friday-opening-box-office-collection-report-250134.html?|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/588112/dangal-mints-rs-29-crore.html|title='Dangal' mints Rs 29 crore on opening day|work=[[Deccan Herald]]|date=24 December 2016|access-date=27 December 2016|archive-date=26 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226190957/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/588112/dangal-mints-rs-29-crore.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On 9 January 2017, Dangal became the highest grossing Indian film domestically, beating Aamir Khan's previous film ''[[PK (film)|PK]]''.<ref>{{cite web |last=Jamkhandikar |first=Shilpa |work=[[Reuters]] |url= http://in.reuters.com/article/bollywood-dangal-record-movie-idINKBN14T1MZ |title= 'Dangal' shatters Bollywood box office record |date= 9 January 2017 |access-date= 12 January 2017 |archive-date= 12 January 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170112050428/http://in.reuters.com/article/bollywood-dangal-record-movie-idINKBN14T1MZ? |url-status= dead }}</ref> It eventually grossed {{INR|538.03 crore}} ({{US$|{{To USD|5380.3|IND|year=2016}} million}}) from all languages in India.<ref name="hungama" /> The film's footfalls at the domestic Indian box office was 37 million admissions.<ref name="avatar" /><br />
<br />
''[[Deadline Hollywood]]'' reported that ''Dangal'' would open in 331 North American screens, the hitherto highest for a Bollywood film, on 21 December 2016.<ref>{{cite news|last=Tartaglione|first=Nancy|title=Aamir Khan's 'Dangal' To Receive Record North America Release Before India Bow|url=https://deadline.com/2016/12/aamir-khan-dangal-record-north-america-release-bollywood-1201873846/|access-date=21 May 2017|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|date=20 December 2016|archive-date=14 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514064908/http://deadline.com/2016/12/aamir-khan-dangal-record-north-america-release-bollywood-1201873846/|url-status=live}}</ref> Releasing in 279 theatres in the United States, it collected {{USD}}282,280 and {{USD}}42,816 from 24 theatres in Canada on the first day; an overall occupancy of 65 per cent was reported.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Groves|first1=Don|title=Hefty North American Debut For Aamir Khan's True-Life Drama 'Dangal'|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/dongroves/2016/12/22/hefty-north-american-debut-for-aamir-khans-true-life-drama-dangal/|access-date=21 May 2017|work=Forbes|date=22 December 2016|archive-date=26 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226104409/http://www.forbes.com/sites/dongroves/2016/12/22/hefty-north-american-debut-for-aamir-khans-true-life-drama-dangal/|url-status=live}}</ref> It grossed {{USD}}12.4{{nbsp}}million in North America becoming the highest grossing Indian film there, to be surpassed only months later by ''[[Baahubali 2: The Conclusion]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ghosh|first=Samrudhi|title=Will Baahubali 2 box office collection suffer due to Dangal's fresh lease of life?|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/baahubali-2-box-office-collection-dangal-china-release-976069-2017-05-09|access-date=21 May 2017|work=India Today|date=9 May 2017|archive-date=23 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170523131111/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/baahubali-2-box-office-collection-dangal-china-release/1/949267.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Baahubali 2 surpasses Aamir Khan's Dangal at US box office|url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/baahubali-2-surpasses-aamir-khans-dangal-at-us-box-office-3424402.html|access-date=21 May 2017|work=Firstpost|date=4 May 2017|archive-date=10 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510074931/http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/baahubali-2-surpasses-aamir-khans-dangal-at-us-box-office-3424402.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Dangal'' was released in 95 screens across the [[Arab states of the Persian Gulf|Arab Gulf countries]] and was last reported to have collected {{INRConvert|59.04|c|year=2016|mode=historical}} from the region.<ref>{{cite news |date=6 February 2017 |title=Box Office: Dangal grosses 32.28 mil. AED at the U.A.E/G.C.C box office |work=Bollywood Hungama News Network |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-dangal-grosses-32-28-mil-aed-u-eg-c-c-box-office/ |access-date=21 May 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170521143309/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-dangal-grosses-32-28-mil-aed-u-eg-c-c-box-office/ |archive-date=21 May 2017}}</ref> In the United Kingdom, the film grossed £2.6&nbsp;million in December 2016,<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-statistical-yearbook-2017.pdf |title=Statistical Yearbook 2017 |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] (BFI) |year=2017 |location=United Kingdom |pages=60, 66–7, 108 |access-date=25 April 2022 |archive-date=20 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520211817/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-statistical-yearbook-2017.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> and {{USD|4 million|long=no}} ({{INR|{{#expr:4*(198.73/29.19) round 2}} crore}}) by January 2017.<ref name=":3">{{cite news |date=22 January 2017 |title=Dangal box office collection day 30: Aamir Khan film earns Rs 378.24 cr |work=The Indian Express |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/dangal-box-office-collection-day-30-aamir-khan-4485467/ |access-date=21 May 2017}}</ref> <br />
Upon theatrical release in [[Taiwan]], ''Dangal'' earned over {{USD}}3&nbsp;million and emerged as the [[List of 2017 box office number-one films in Taipei|number one film there]], also becoming the highest grossing Indian film in the region.<ref>{{cite news|last=Lee|first=Wendy|title=India-Taipei Association holds special screening of latest blockbuster 'Dangal'|url=http://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3160246|access-date=22 May 2017|work=[[Taiwan News]]|date=11 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522021746/http://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3160246|archive-date=22 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Groves|first1=Don|title='Baahubali 2' Eclipses New Releases in India While 'Dangal' Conquers China|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/dongroves/2017/05/14/baahubali-2-eclipses-new-releases-in-india-while-dangal-conquers-china|access-date=15 May 2017|work=[[Forbes]]|date=14 May 2017|archive-date=16 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516220257/https://www.forbes.com/sites/dongroves/2017/05/14/baahubali-2-eclipses-new-releases-in-india-while-dangal-conquers-china/|url-status=live}}</ref> Its final gross in Taiwan was [[New Taiwan dollar|NT$]]167{{nbsp}}million {{as of|2017|October|lc=y}},<ref name="taiwan" /> or {{INRConvert|41|c|year=2017|mode=historical}}.<ref name="firstpost-taiwan">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dangals-china-box-office-collection-at-rs-1200-crore-aamir-khan-film-to-enter-2000-crore-club-3731523.html|title=Dangal's China box office collection at Rs 1,200 crore; Aamir Khan film to enter 2000-crore club|website=Firstpost|date=21 June 2017|access-date=25 January 2019|archive-date=15 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115030458/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dangals-china-box-office-collection-at-rs-1200-crore-aamir-khan-film-to-enter-2000-crore-club-3731523.html|url-status=live}}</ref> <br />
<br />
=== China ===<br />
In [[China]], a nation where Indian films were rarely shown, it became the highest grossing Indian film. It was initially released in six Chinese cities and on [[Youku]] under the Chinese title 摔跤吧!爸爸 ([[pinyin]]: ''Shuāijiāo ba bàba'', "''Let's Wrestle, Father''").<ref>{{cite news|title='Dangal' becomes highest grossing Indian movie in China|url=http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/culture/2017-05/10/content_29281943.htm|access-date=11 May 2017|work=[[China Daily]]|date=10 May 2017|archive-date=15 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515105556/http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/culture/2017-05/10/content_29281943.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Indian film "Dangal" becomes hit in China|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-05/16/c_136289407.htm|access-date=21 May 2017|author=ying|agency=[[Xinhua News Agency]]|date=16 May 2017|archive-date=22 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522234425/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-05/16/c_136289407.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> It grossed {{US$|2.48 million}} on opening day,<ref>{{cite web|title=Daily Box Office > China (05/05/2017)|url=http://english.entgroup.cn/boxoffice/cn/daily/?date=05%20/05%20/2017|website=EntGroup|access-date=4 May 2018|archive-date=5 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505210631/http://english.entgroup.cn/boxoffice/cn/daily/?date=05%20/05%20/2017|url-status=live}}</ref> and grossed {{USD|14.5&nbsp;million|long=no}} in just three days from theatrical release.<ref>{{cite web|title=Weekly box office > China (05/07/2017)|url=http://english.entgroup.cn/boxoffice/cn/Default.aspx?week=948|website=EntGroup|access-date=4 May 2018|archive-date=5 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505210637/http://english.entgroup.cn/boxoffice/cn/Default.aspx?week=948|url-status=dead}}</ref> The collections totalled to {{INR}}300 crore at the end of day nine from release, taking the overall collections past {{INR}}1,000 crore, becoming the first Indian film to reach the mark.<ref>{{cite news|title=Box Office: Aamir Khan's Dangal crosses 300 crores at the China box office on Day 9|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-aamir-khans-dangalcrosses-300-crores-china-box-office-day-9/|access-date=14 May 2017|work=Bollywood Hungama News Network|date=13 May 2017|archive-date=14 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514071619/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-aamir-khans-dangalcrosses-300-crores-china-box-office-day-9/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Ghosh|first1=Devarsi|title=Aamir Khan-starrer Dangal's China box-office collection will cross its Indian box-office collection|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/aamir-khan-dangal-300-crore-china-box-office-collection-976952-2017-05-14|access-date=14 May 2017|work=India Today|date=14 May 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514072510/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/aamir-khan-dangal-300-crore-china-box-office-collection/1/953379.html|archive-date=14 May 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{as of|2017|July|}}, ''Dangal'' has grossed about [[Renminbi|¥]]1.3{{nbsp}}billion ({{US$|{{To USD|1300|CHN|round=yes}} million|long=no}}) in China.<ref name="cbo">{{cite web|url=http://www.cbooo.cn/Alltimedomestic|script-title=zh:内地总票房排名 ("All-Time Domestic Box Office Rankings")|work=cbooo|language=zh|access-date=20 May 2017|archive-date=3 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603230313/http://www.cbooo.cn/Alltimedomestic|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://maoyan.com/films/588362|title=摔跤吧！爸爸|language=zh-hans|website=[[Maoyan.com]]|access-date=25 January 2019|archive-date=11 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111062333/http://maoyan.com/films/588362|url-status=live}}</ref> Its overseas gross in China more than doubled its domestic gross in India.<ref name="5thForbes" /> In China, ''Dangal'' became one of the [[List of highest-grossing films in China|top 20 highest-grossing films]] of all time,<ref name="cbo" /> the 8th highest-grossing foreign film,<ref name="forbes6">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/16/dangal-slams-monkey-king-captain-america-to-grab-17th-place-on-chinas-all-time-list/|title='Dangal' Slams 'Monkey King,' 'Captain America' To Grab 17th Place On China's All-Time List|last=Cain|first=Rob|work=Forbes|date=16 June 2017|accessdate=16 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904154614/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/16/dangal-slams-monkey-king-captain-america-to-grab-17th-place-on-chinas-all-time-list/|archive-date=4 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="forbes9">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/09/dangal-makes-history-in-china-by-joining-list-of-all-time-20-biggest-box-office-hits/|title='Dangal' Makes More History In China, Joins List Of All-Time 20 Biggest Box Office Hits|last=Cain|first=Rob|work=Forbes|date=9 June 2017|accessdate=9 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225034844/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/09/dangal-makes-history-in-china-by-joining-list-of-all-time-20-biggest-box-office-hits/|archive-date=25 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> had the most consecutive days with a ¥10&nbsp;million (${{To USD|10|CHN|round=yes}} million) gross (surpassing the 30 days of ''[[Transformers: Age of Extinction]]'')<ref name="forbes5">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/05/box-office-dangal-eyes-20-billion-rupee-300-mm-mark-baahubali-slows/|title=Box Office: 'Dangal' Nears $300M, 'Baahubali' Slows|last=Cain|first=Rob|work=Forbes|date=5 June 2017|accessdate=5 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207192909/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/05/box-office-dangal-eyes-20-billion-rupee-300-mm-mark-baahubali-slows/|archive-date=7 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and $1&nbsp;million gross<ref name="forbes9" /> (38 days),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bollywoodfolks.com/dangal-crosses-1150-crore-mark-in-china-38th-day-6th-sunday-box-office-collection/|title=Dangal crosses 1150 Crore Mark in China: 38th Day (6th Sunday) Box Office Collection|work=Bollywood Folks|date=11 June 2017|accessdate=11 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123214220/http://bollywoodfolks.com/dangal-crosses-1150-crore-mark-in-china-38th-day-6th-sunday-box-office-collection/|archive-date=23 January 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> was the highest-grossing film in May 2017 (ahead of ''Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales''<ref name="bloomberg">{{cite web|last=Ho|first=Prudence|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-06-01/-dangal-disney-s-pirates-lead-china-box-office-gains-in-may|title='Dangal,' Disney's 'Pirates' Lead China Box-Office Gains in May|date=1 June 2017|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|access-date=1 June 2017|archive-date=1 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170601045642/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-06-01/-dangal-disney-s-pirates-lead-china-box-office-gains-in-may|url-status=live}}</ref> and ''Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2''),<ref name="forbes-may" /> and is the year's second highest-grossing foreign film (after ''[[The Fate of the Furious]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/dangal-box-office-after-baahubali-2-aamir-khan-film-surpasses-xxx-to-become-all-time-fourth-highest-grosser-in-china-4690233/|title=Dangal box office: After Baahubali 2, Aamir Khan film surpasses xXx to become all-time fourth-highest grosser in China|work=The Indian Express|date=5 June 2017|access-date=5 June 2017}}</ref> In the month of May, ''Dangal'' drew 35 million viewers at the Chinese box office.<ref name="Beijinger">{{cite news|title=India's Sleeper Hit 'Dangal' Wakes Up a Slumbering Chinese Film Market|url=https://www.thebeijinger.com/blog/2017/06/09/hit-indian-movie-dangal-bursts-chinese-cinema-scene|work=[[The Beijinger]]|date=9 June 2017|last=Liu|first=Charles|accessdate=9 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609132621/https://www.thebeijinger.com/blog/2017/06/09/hit-indian-movie-dangal-bursts-chinese-cinema-scene|archive-date=9 June 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 52 days, the film had 44,897,623 admissions at the Chinese box office.<ref name="auto" /> Khan's earnings from ''Dangal'' were estimated to be {{INRConvert|300|c|year=2017|mode=historical}},<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dangals-china-success-may-have-brought-aamir-khan-a-neat-rs-100-crore-paycheque-3526673.html|title=Dangal's China success may have brought Aamir Khan a neat Rs 100 crore paycheque|work=Firstpost|date=7 June 2017|accessdate=7 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715043838/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dangals-china-success-may-have-brought-aamir-khan-a-neat-rs-100-crore-paycheque-3526673.html|archive-date=15 July 2023|url-status=dead}}</ref> one of the [[List of highest paid film actors|highest paydays]] for a non-Hollywood actor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/06/aamir-khans-china-paycheck-for-dangal-could-exceed-rs-100-crore-15-mm/|title=Aamir Khan's China Paycheck For 'Dangal' Could Exceed Rs. 100 Crore / $15 MM|first=Rob|last=Cain|website=[[Forbes]]|date=6 June 2017|access-date=25 January 2019|archive-date=8 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108050847/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/06/aamir-khans-china-paycheck-for-dangal-could-exceed-rs-100-crore-15-mm/|url-status=live}}</ref> By the end of its run in China, its final gross there was ¥1,299.18{{nbsp}}million,<ref name="endata"/> equivalent to {{US$|216.2&nbsp;million|long=no}}<ref name="entgroup">{{cite web |title=Weekly box office > China (07/02/2017) |url=http://english.entgroup.cn/boxoffice/cn/Default.aspx?week=956 |website=EntGroup |access-date=27 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628234530/http://english.entgroup.cn/boxoffice/cn/Default.aspx?week=956 |archive-date=28 June 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ({{INR|1,400 crore}}).<ref name="hindustantimes-china">{{cite news |date=29 January 2018 |title=Aamir Khan's Secret Superstar earns Rs 420 cr in China, is 2017's second highest earner |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-s-secret-superstar-earns-rs-420-cr-in-china-is-2017-s-second-highest-earner/story-8kxjekSfbcypJl4f8RZMfM.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130052031/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-s-secret-superstar-earns-rs-420-cr-in-china-is-2017-s-second-highest-earner/story-8kxjekSfbcypJl4f8RZMfM.html |archive-date=30 January 2018 |access-date=31 January 2018 |work=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Analysis of China box office====<br />
''Dangal'' performed particularly well in China. This was attributed partly to Khan's popularity in China owing to the success of his previous films ''[[3 Idiots]]'' (2009) and ''[[PK (film)|PK]]'' (2014) there.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Dasgupta|first1=Saibal|title=Despite Testy Ties, Bollywood Movie is Thriving in China|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/despite-testy-ties-indian-movie-thrives-in-china-/3872497.html|publisher=[[Voice of America]]|access-date=28 May 2017|date=26 May 2017|archive-date=26 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170526185913/http://www.voanews.com/a/despite-testy-ties-indian-movie-thrives-in-china-/3872497.html|url-status=live}}</ref> When ''3 Idiots'' released in China, the country was only the 15th largest film market, partly due to China's widespread pirate [[DVD]] distribution at the time. However, it was the pirate market that introduced ''3 Idiots'' to most Chinese audiences, becoming a [[cult film|cult]] [[cult following|hit]] in the country. It became China's 12th favourite film of all time, according to ratings on Chinese film review site [[Douban]], with only one domestic Chinese film (''[[Farewell My Concubine (film)|Farewell My Concubine]]'') ranked higher. Khan gained a large growing Chinese fanbase as a result. By 2013, China grew to become the world's second largest film market (after the United States), paving the way for Khan's Chinese box office success, with ''[[Dhoom 3]]'' (2013), ''PK'', and eventually ''Dangal''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/08/how-a-52-year-old-indian-actor-became-chinas-favorite-movie-star/|title=How A 52-Year-Old Indian Actor Became China's Favorite Movie Star|first=Rob|last=Cain|website=Forbes|access-date=7 October 2017|archive-date=21 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821125907/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/06/08/how-a-52-year-old-indian-actor-became-chinas-favorite-movie-star/|url-status=live}}</ref> His TV show ''[[Satyamev Jayate (TV show)|Satyamev Jayate]]'' also had a cult following in China, establishing Khan as someone associated with quality films and committed to social causes.<ref name="screendaily">{{cite web|title=What the West can learn from the surprise success of 'Dangal' in China|url=https://www.screendaily.com/features/what-the-west-can-learn-from-the-surprise-success-of-dangal-in-china/5120116.article|website=[[Screen Daily]]|date=19 July 2017|access-date=12 December 2017|archive-date=12 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212193147/https://www.screendaily.com/features/what-the-west-can-learn-from-the-surprise-success-of-dangal-in-china/5120116.article|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
According to [[Chinese media]], ''Dangal'' is one of the highest-rated films on Chinese film sites [[Douban]]<ref>{{cite news|script-title=zh:印度的良心阿米尔·汗如何用电影改变国家|url=http://ent.sina.com.cn/zl/bagua/blog/2017-05-19/10105939/350163497/14df122910102wywr.shtml|publisher=[[Sina Corp]]|date=19 May 2017|access-date=11 December 2017|archive-date=24 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224085618/http://ent.sina.com.cn/zl/bagua/blog/2017-05-19/10105939/350163497/14df122910102wywr.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|script-title=zh:《摔跤吧！爸爸》主演阿米尔·汗被誉为"印度刘德华"|url=http://www.chinanews.com/yl/2017/05-11/8220929.shtml|work=[[China News Service]]|date=11 May 2017|access-date=11 December 2017|archive-date=27 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227161827/http://www.chinanews.com/yl/2017/05-11/8220929.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Tianjin Maoyan Culture Media|Maoyan]],<ref>{{cite news|work=中国江西新闻网|script-title=zh:口碑炸裂！中国观众给这部电影打了史上最高分！|url=http://ent.jxnews.com.cn/system/2017/05/08/016098951.shtml|date=11 October 2017|access-date=11 December 2017|archive-date=11 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171211213558/http://ent.jxnews.com.cn/system/2017/05/08/016098951.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> which helped the film generate strong [[word of mouth]].<ref>{{cite news|script-title=zh:摔跤吧爸爸口碑逆袭，是否会让印度电影成为市场新宠?|url=http://tech.sina.com.cn/zl/post/detail/i/2017-05-16/pid_8510948.htm|publisher=[[Sina Corp]]|date=16 May 2017|access-date=12 December 2017|archive-date=12 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212193223/http://tech.sina.com.cn/zl/post/detail/i/2017-05-16/pid_8510948.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The film's word of mouth was also helped by discussion generated on Chinese social media sites such as [[WeChat]] and Sina Weibo, including discussion surrounding Khan's previous work in film and television, as well as a number of prominent Chinese celebrities recommending ''Dangal'' to their fans, including stars such as [[Deng Chao]], [[Wang Baoqiang]], [[Yao Chen]], [[Feng Xiaogang]], [[Lu Han]] and [[Fan Bingbing]].<ref name="screendaily" /> According to [[Maoyan]], the film's audiences were 59% female and 41% male, and the majority were in the 20–34 age group.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=zh:摔跤吧！爸爸|url=https://piaofang.maoyan.com/movie/588362/wantindex|website=[[Maoyan]]|access-date=20 January 2018|archive-date=22 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122001049/https://piaofang.maoyan.com/movie/588362/wantindex|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Dangal'' also surpassed the China gross of ''[[Captain America: Civil War]]'' (2016).<ref name="forbes6" /> According to ''[[The Beijinger]]'': "In this atmosphere of poor [[Chinese films]], Hollywood franchise fatigue and an ongoing ban on [[Korean Wave|South Korean entertainment]], ''Dangal'' has made the most of its opportunity to win over the Chinese film market."<ref name="Beijinger" /> Its gross in China is notably higher than the gross of any non-English foreign film released in North America, where the highest is ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]'' (2000) with $128{{nbsp}}million.<ref name="bloomberg18">{{cite news|last=Miller|first=Lee|title=Bollywood Hit Beats 'Star Wars' at China's Box Office|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-01-28/bollywood-beats-star-wars-at-china-s-box-office-with-hindi-hit|work=[[Bloomberg News]]|date=28 January 2018|access-date=29 January 2018|archive-date=29 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129142339/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-01-28/bollywood-beats-star-wars-at-china-s-box-office-with-hindi-hit|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Miller|first=Lee|title=China Picks Bollywood Over Hollywood|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-01-29/china-picks-bollywood-over-hollywood|work=[[Bloomberg News]]|date=29 January 2018|access-date=29 January 2018|archive-date=29 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129140934/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-01-29/china-picks-bollywood-over-hollywood|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Miller|first=Lee|title=How Aamir Khan's Secret Superstar beat 'Star Wars' at China's Box Office|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/how-aamir-khan-s-secret-superstar-beat-star-wars-at-china-s-box-office-118012900051_1.html|work=[[Business Standard]]|date=29 January 2018|access-date=29 January 2018|archive-date=29 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129045403/http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/how-aamir-khan-s-secret-superstar-beat-star-wars-at-china-s-box-office-118012900051_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Awards and nominations ==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Award<br />
!scope="col"| Date of ceremony<br />
!scope="col"| Category<br />
!scope="col"| Recipient(s) and nominee(s)<br />
!scope="col"| Result<br />
! scope="col" class="unsortable"| {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" scope="row" | [[Filmfare Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="4"| [[62nd Filmfare Awards|14 January 2017]]<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Film|Best Film]]<br />
|''Dangal''<br />
| rowspan="4" {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="4" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Winners of the Filmfare Awards 2017|url=http://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-2017/winners|work=[[Filmfare]]|access-date=23 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170523103427/http://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-2017/winners|archive-date=23 May 2017}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Director|Best Director]]<br />
| [[Nitesh Tiwari]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]<br />
| [[Aamir Khan]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Action|Best Action]]<br />
| Shyam Kaushal<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="9" scope="row" | [[Mirchi Music Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="9"| [[9th Mirchi Music Awards|18 February 2017]]<br />
| [[Mirchi Music Award for Song of The Year|Song of the Year]]<br />
| "Haanikaarak Bapu"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="9" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mirchimusicawards.com/hindi-2016/nominations/|title=Nominations – Mirchi Music Awards|website=MMAMirchiMusicAwards|access-date=21 March 2018|archive-date=29 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329102232/http://www.mirchimusicawards.com/hindi-2016/nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mirchimusicawards.com/hindi-2016/winners/|title=Winners – Mirchi Music Awards|website=MMAMirchiMusicAwards|access-date=21 March 2018|archive-date=2 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702105444/http://www.mirchimusicawards.com/hindi-2016/winners/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Mirchi Music Award for Album of The Year|Album of the Year]]<br />
| [[Pritam]], [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mirchi Music Award for Female Vocalist of The Year|Female Vocalist of the Year]]<br />
| [[Jonita Gandhi]] for "Gilheriyan"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mirchi Music Award for Lyricist of The Year|Lyricist of the Year]]<br />
| Amitabh Bhattacharya for "Haanikaarak Bapu"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mirchi Music Award for Upcoming Male Vocalist of The Year|Upcoming Male Vocalist of the Year]]<br />
| Sarwar Khan & Sartaz Khan Barna for "Haanikaarak Bapu"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Song Producer (Programming & Arranging)<br />
| Aditya Pushkarna, [[Dhrubajyoti Phukan|Dj Phukan]], [[Sunny M.R.]] & [[Anurag Saikia]] for "Dhaakad"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Song Engineer (Recording & Mixing)<br />
| Shadab Rayeen, Sunny M.R. & Ashwin Kulkarni for "Dhaakad"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Background Score<br />
| Pritam<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Listeners' Choice Album of the Year<br />
| rowspan="2" | ''Dangal''<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" scope="row" | [[News18|News 18 Movie Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="7"| March 2017<br />
| Best Film<br />
| rowspan="5" {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="7" |<ref>{{cite web|title=NEWS18 MOVIE AWARDS 2017|url=http://www.news18.com/news18-movie-awards-2017/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170524033331/http://www.news18.com/news18-movie-awards-2017/|archive-date=24 May 2017|website=[[News18.com]]|access-date=23 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Director<br />
| Nitesh Tiwari<br />
|-<br />
| Best Actor<br />
| Aamir Khan<br />
|-<br />
| Best Supporting Actress <br />
| [[Zaira Wasim]]<br />
|-<br />
| Best Lyricist<br />
|Amitabh Bhattacharya<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | Best Debut (Female)<br />
| [[Fatima Sana Shaikh]]<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sanya Malhotra]]<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Zee Cine Awards]]<br />
|11 March 2017<br />
|Best Film (Viewer's Choice)<br />
|''Dangal''<br />
|{{Won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zeecineawards.com/timeline/2017/winners/|title=2017 Archives – Zee Cine Awards|website=Zee Cine Awards|language=en-US|access-date=20 December 2017|archive-date=17 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517023326/https://www.zeecineawards.com/timeline/2017/winners/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| scope="row" | [[National Film Awards]]<br />
| [[64th National Film Awards|3 May 2017]]<br />
| [[National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]<br />
| Zaira Wasim<br />
| {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{cite press release|title=64th National Film Awards|url=http://www.dff.nic.in/writereaddata/NFA64PressNote2016.pdf|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=1 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606051143/http://dff.nic.in/writereaddata/NFA64PressNote2016.pdf|archive-date=6 June 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" scope="row" | [[Indian Film Festival of Melbourne]]<br />
| scope="row" rowspan="2" | 12 August 2017<br />
| [[Telstra People's Choice Award]]<br />
|''Dangal''<br />
| rowspan="2" {{won}}<br />
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iffm.com.au/winners.html|title=Indian Film Festival Melbourne|website=iffm.com.au|access-date=3 November 2017|archive-date=7 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107013813/http://www.iffm.com.au/winners.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Director<br />
| Nitesh Tiwari<br />
|-<br />
| [[National Child Award for Exceptional Achievement|National Child Awards]]<br />
| November 2017<br />
| [[National Child Award for Exceptional Achievement|Exceptional Achievement]]<br />
| Zaira Wasim <small>(also for ''[[Secret Superstar]])''</small><br />
| {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="ht_nationalaward">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/secret-superstar-actor-zaira-wasim-receives-exceptional-achievement-award-from-president-kovind/story-73exWfHjCGIJaCSVcK8o1M.html|title=Secret Superstar actor Zaira Wasim receives exceptional achievement award from President Kovind|date=16 November 2017|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|access-date=15 January 2018|archive-date=26 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826100557/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/secret-superstar-actor-zaira-wasim-receives-exceptional-achievement-award-from-president-kovind/story-73exWfHjCGIJaCSVcK8o1M.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="14" |[[Screen Awards|Star Screen Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="14" |3 December 2017<br />
|[[Screen Award for Best Film|Best Film]]<br />
|''Dangal''<br />
|{{Won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.wionews.com/india-news/entertainment-star-screen-awards-the-complete-list-of-winners-25795|title=Star Screen Awards: The complete list of winners|date=4 December 2017|publisher=[[WION (TV channel)|WION]]|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=5 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205194605/http://www.wionews.com/india-news/entertainment-star-screen-awards-the-complete-list-of-winners-25795|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Best Director<br />
|Nitesh Tiwari<br />
| rowspan="5" {{Won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/star-screen-awards-2017-vidya-balan-rajkummar-rao-full-winners-list-1099753-2017-12-04|title=Star Screen Awards 2017: Dangal wins big, Vidya Balan-Rajkummar Rao named best actor and actress|access-date=4 December 2017|archive-date=8 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208151731/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/star-screen-awards-2017-vidya-balan-rajkummar-rao-full-winners-list/1/1102625.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Best Background Score<br />
| rowspan="2" |Pritam<br />
|-<br />
|Best Music Director<br />
|-<br />
|Best Lyrics<br />
|Amitabh Bhattacharya<br />
|-<br />
|Best Editing<br />
|[[Ballu Saluja]]<br />
|-<br />
|Best Child Actor<br />
|Suhani Bhatnagar<br />
|{{Won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/StarPlus/status/947494021693362176|title=Suhani Bhatnagar – Best Child Actor Award|via=[[Twitter]]|access-date=31 December 2017|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918010312/https://twitter.com/StarPlus/status/947494021693362176|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=July 2021}}<br />
|-<br />
|Best Action Director<br />
|Sham Kaushal<br />
|{{Won}}<br />
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.desimartini.com/news/martini-shots/awards/star-screen-awards-2018-complete-list-of-winners-bollywood/article69515.htm|title=Star Screen Awards 2018: Here's The Complete List Of Winners!|date=4 December 2017|work=Desimartini|agency=[[HT Media]]|access-date=4 December 2017|archive-date=7 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207100432/http://www.desimartini.com/news/martini-shots/awards/star-screen-awards-2018-complete-list-of-winners-bollywood/article69515.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Most Promising Newcomer (Male)<br />
|Aparshakti Khurrana<br />
|{{Won}}<br />
|-<br />
|Best Writing<br />
|Nitesh Tiwari, Shreyas Jain<br />
|{{Won}}<br />
|-<br />
|Star Plus Nayi Soch<br />
|''Dangal''<br />
|{{Won}}<br />
|-<br />
|Most Promising Newcomer (Female)<br />
| Zaira Wasim <small>(also for ''[[Secret Superstar]])''</small><br />
| {{Won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/StarPlus/status/947493266987118592 |title=Zaira Wasim – Most Promising Newcomer |via=[[Twitter]] |access-date=15 January 2018 |archive-date=19 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319091518/https://twitter.com/StarPlus/status/947493266987118592 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=July 2021}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hotstar.com/tv/star-screen-awards/7050/a-night-to-remember/1000200193 |title=Star Screen Awards 2018 |publisher=[[Hotstar]] |access-date=15 January 2018 |archive-date=7 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180607014148/http://www.hotstar.com/tv/star-screen-awards/7050/a-night-to-remember/1000200193 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Best Actor in a Comic Role<br />
|Aparshakti Khurrana<br />
|{{Nom}}<br />
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hotstar.com/tv/star-screen-awards/s-449/seasons/season-3/ss-5396|title=Watch Star Screen Awards Season 3 Full Episodes in HD on Hotstar|website=Hotstar|language=en|access-date=3 August 2019|archive-date=3 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803061907/https://www.hotstar.com/tv/star-screen-awards/s-449/seasons/season-3/ss-5396|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Best Actress – Popular Choice<br />
|Fatima Sana Shaikh<br />
|{{Nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[AACTA Awards]]<br />
|[[7th AACTA Awards|4 December 2017]]<br />
|Best Asian Film<br />
| rowspan="2" |''Dangal''<br />
|{{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="aacta-variety">{{cite web|last=Frater|first=Patrick|title='Lion' and Nicole Kidman Dominate Australia's AACTA Awards|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/asia/lion-nicole-kidman-dominate-australias-aacta-awards-1202631609/|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=6 December 2017|access-date=19 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171220105314/http://variety.com/2017/film/asia/lion-nicole-kidman-dominate-australias-aacta-awards-1202631609/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="aacta-news18">{{cite web|title=Aamir Khan's Dangal Wins Best Asian Film at Australian Gala|url=http://www.news18.com/news/movies/aamir-khans-dangal-wins-best-asian-film-at-australian-gala-1596697.html|website=[[News18]]|date=6 December 2017|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=7 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207013115/http://www.news18.com/news/movies/aamir-khans-dangal-wins-best-asian-film-at-australian-gala-1596697.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ianslive.in/index.php?param=news/Dangal_wins_Best_Asian_Film_at_Australian_gala-572083/ENTERTAINMENT/15 |title='Dangal' wins Best Asian Film at Australian gala |date=6 December 2017 |website=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS Live]] |access-date=6 December 2017 |archive-date=6 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206200530/http://www.ianslive.in/index.php?param=news/Dangal_wins_Best_Asian_Film_at_Australian_gala-572083/ENTERTAINMENT/15 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="5" | [[Douban|Douban Film Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="5" | 28 December 2017<br />
| Best Foreign Film<br />
| rowspan="2" {{won}}<br />
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="douban2017">{{cite web|title=【豆瓣2017年度电影榜单】|url=https://movie.douban.com/annual/2017|website=[[Douban]]|access-date=7 January 2018|language=zh-cmn-Hans|archive-date=27 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127123327/https://movie.douban.com/annual/2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="douban-awards">{{cite web|title=第4届豆瓣电影年度榜单 (2017)|url=https://movie.douban.com/awards/doubanfilm_annual/4/|website=[[Douban]]|access-date=19 January 2018|language=zh-cmn-Hans|archive-date=2 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181202155203/https://movie.douban.com/awards/doubanfilm_annual/4/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="scmp">{{cite news|title=Meet the Secret Superstar of China, from India|url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/society/article/2130746/meet-secret-superstar-china-india-aamir-khan|work=[[South China Morning Post]]|date=28 January 2018|access-date=28 January 2018|archive-date=27 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127231817/http://www.scmp.com/week-asia/society/article/2130746/meet-secret-superstar-china-india-aamir-khan|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Top Foreign Actor<br />
| Aamir Khan<br />
|-<br />
| Most Talked About Film<br />
| rowspan="4" | ''Dangal''<br />
| rowspan="2" {{nom}}<br />
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{cite web|title=摔跤吧！爸爸 Dangal 获奖情况|url=https://movie.douban.com/subject/26387939/awards/|website=[[Douban]]|access-date=19 January 2018|language=zh-cmn-Hans|archive-date=20 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120124521/https://movie.douban.com/subject/26387939/awards/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Top Movie Soundtrack<br />
|-<br />
| Movie of the Month (May)<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Berlin International Film Festival]]<br />
| [[68th Berlin International Film Festival|February 2018]]<br />
| Asian Brilliant Stars<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="berlin">{{cite news|title=Berlin: Asian Brilliant Stars Unveils Nominees for Expanded Second Edition|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/berlin-asian-brilliant-stars-unveils-nominees-expanded-second-edition-1069164|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=19 December 2017|access-date=2 January 2018|archive-date=31 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231153358/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/berlin-asian-brilliant-stars-unveils-nominees-expanded-second-edition-1069164|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=YOUTH – Biggest Winner of the Second Asian Brilliant Stars in Berlin|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/youth---biggest-winner-of-the-second-asian-brilliant-stars-in-berlin-300602872.html|agency=[[PR Newswire]]|date=22 February 2018|access-date=2 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302225328/https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/youth---biggest-winner-of-the-second-asian-brilliant-stars-in-berlin-300602872.html|archive-date=2 March 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Jackie Chan Action Movie Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="2" | June 2018<br />
| Best Action Actress<br />
| Fatima Sana Shaikh<br />
| {{won}}<br />
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="mid">{{cite news |title=Dangal girls Fatima Sana Shaikh and Sanya Malhotra win action award in China |url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/dangal-girls-fatima-sana-shaikh-and-sanya-malhotra-win-action-award-in-china/19632150 |access-date=9 April 2019 |work=[[Mid-Day]] |date=23 July 2018 |archive-date=10 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410203251/https://www.mid-day.com/articles/dangal-girls-fatima-sana-shaikh-and-sanya-malhotra-win-action-award-in-china/19632150 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best New Action Performer<br />
| Sanya Malhotra<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Impact ==<br />
''Dangal'', along with Japanese [[anime]] film ''[[Your Name]]'' (which ''Dangal'' overtook as the highest-grossing foreign film), began a new trend at the Chinese box office, with Chinese audiences slowly moving away from Hollywood blockbusters and taking more interest in films from other countries, such as Thailand's ''[[Bad Genius (2017 film)|Bad Genius]]'' and Spain's ''[[Contratiempo]]''.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/05/31/5-key-reasons-for-dangals-massive-success-in-china/|title=5 Key Reasons For 'Dangal's' Massive Success in China|last=Cain|first=Rob|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=14 June 2019|archive-date=29 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329002640/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2017/05/31/5-key-reasons-for-dangals-massive-success-in-china/|url-status=live}}</ref> {{as of|2017|November|5}}, non-Hollywood imports account for 72 per cent ($519.7&nbsp;million) of the year's foreign film box office revenue so far ({{USD}}723&nbsp;million), with ''Dangal'' alone accounting for 27 per cent.<ref name="variety">{{cite news|last=Chow|first=Vivienne|title=Chinese Audiences Move Away From Hollywood Pictures|url=https://variety.com/2017/biz/markets-festivals/bad-genius-chinese-audiences-move-away-from-hollywood-films-1202606930/|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=5 November 2017|access-date=19 December 2017|archive-date=5 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205190022/http://variety.com/2017/biz/markets-festivals/bad-genius-chinese-audiences-move-away-from-hollywood-films-1202606930/|url-status=live}}</ref> An EntGroup survey in China found that the preference for Hollywood films declined from 61 per cent in 2016 down to 55 per cent in 2017, as Chinese audiences increasingly develop preferences for Chinese, Indian and Japanese films.<ref>{{cite news|last=Wang|first=Yue|title=Chinese Moviegoers Are Developing Diversified Tastes, Which Doesn't Bode Well For Hollywood|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ywang/2018/02/05/chinese-moviegoers-are-developing-diversified-tastes-which-doesnt-bode-well-for-hollywood/|work=[[Forbes]]|date=5 February 2018|access-date=7 February 2018|archive-date=6 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206063454/https://www.forbes.com/sites/ywang/2018/02/05/chinese-moviegoers-are-developing-diversified-tastes-which-doesnt-bode-well-for-hollywood/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
''Dangal'', along with Khan's next blockbuster ''[[Secret Superstar]]'', drove up the buyout prices of Indian film imports for Chinese distributors.<ref>{{cite news|title=Headlines from China: Tencent Acquires Stake in Hollywood Studio Skydance Media|url=http://chinafilminsider.com/headlines-china-tencent-acquires-stake-hollywood-studio-skydance-media/|work=China Film Insider|date=26 January 2018|access-date=7 February 2018|archive-date=30 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130204224/http://chinafilminsider.com/headlines-china-tencent-acquires-stake-hollywood-studio-skydance-media/|url-status=live}}</ref> The success of ''Dangal'' and ''Secret Superstar'' contributed towards [[Salman Khan]]'s ''[[Bajrangi Bhaijaan]]'' (2015) securing a wide release in China,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Frater|first1=Patrick|title=Eros Confirms Wide Release in China for Salman Khan's 'Bajrangi Bhaijaan'|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/news/wide-release-for-salman-khan-bajrangi-in-china-1202672044/|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=22 January 2018|access-date=7 February 2018|archive-date=23 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123070201/https://variety.com/2018/film/news/wide-release-for-salman-khan-bajrangi-in-china-1202672044/|url-status=live}}</ref> along with [[Irrfan Khan]]'s ''[[Hindi Medium]]'' (2017) getting a release in the country,<ref name="firstpost2">{{cite news|title=Secret Superstar: Aamir Khan's film becomes second Indian movie to cross Rs 500 cr in China, next only to his Dangal|url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/secret-superstar-aamir-khans-film-becomes-second-indian-movie-to-cross-rs-500-cr-in-china-next-only-to-his-dangal-4331887.html|work=Firstpost|date=2 February 2018|access-date=7 February 2018|archive-date=2 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202074658/http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/secret-superstar-aamir-khans-film-becomes-second-indian-movie-to-cross-rs-500-cr-in-china-next-only-to-his-dangal-4331887.html|url-status=live}}</ref> followed by a number of other Indian films in 2018.<br />
<br />
The film has also had an impact on [[Chinese cinema]]. The film's success has led to Chinese filmmakers becoming more confident in tackling social realist themes concerning [[Chinese society]].<ref name=":1" /> The film's influence can be seen in the 2018 blockbuster ''[[Dying to Survive]]'', for example.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ho |first=Pang-Chieh |title='Dying to Survive,' a comedy about illegally importing drugs, might be China's best movie of the year |url=https://supchina.com/2018/07/06/dying-to-survive-might-be-chinas-best-movie-of-the-year/ |access-date=6 July 2018 |work=SupChina |archive-date=6 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706051645/https://supchina.com/2018/07/06/dying-to-survive-might-be-chinas-best-movie-of-the-year/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
''Dangal'' has had a political impact, with the film being screened at the [[Indian parliament]] in a bid to spread the message of women empowerment.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aamir Khan's Dangal to be screened in Parliament for MPs on Thursday|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-s-dangal-to-be-screened-in-parliament-for-mps-on-thursday/story-9qyoeJVW8ZEXBPWZrjkfFN.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=22 March 2017|access-date=7 February 2018|archive-date=8 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208004507/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-s-dangal-to-be-screened-in-parliament-for-mps-on-thursday/story-9qyoeJVW8ZEXBPWZrjkfFN.html|url-status=live}}</ref> It has also had an effect on [[China–India relations]], with [[Paramount leader|Chinese leader]] and [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party|CCP general secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] saying he enjoyed the film when he met Indian prime minister [[Narendra Modi]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Aamir Khan creates history again. After Dangal, Secret Superstar crosses the Rs 500 crore mark in China|url=http://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/box-office/article/aamir-khan-creates-history-again-after-dangal-secret-superstar-crosses-the-rs-500-crore-mark-in-china/195007|work=[[Times Now]]|date=2 February 2018}}</ref> The film resonated with Chinese audiences, with ''Diangying Yishu'' (''Film Art'') magazine stating, "It is like the story of a Chinese village girl becoming an Olympic champion."<ref>{{cite news|title=Dangal is like story of Chinese village girl becoming Olympic champion|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/dangal-is-like-story-of-chinese-village-girl-becoming-olympic-champion/story-ObyCvr9T27Sh2YvFI3FU8K.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=6 May 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
Several critics have noted that the [[Academy Award]] nominated American film ''[[King Richard (film)|King Richard]]'' (2021) starring [[Will Smith]] has a similar premise and plot to ''Dangal''.<ref>{{cite news |title=10 Best Movies Like King Richard |url=https://screenrant.com/best-movies-like-king-richard/ |access-date=29 March 2022 |work=[[Screen Rant]] |date=23 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Chhibber |first1=Mini Anthikad |title='King Richard' movie review: A heart-warming triumph of human spirit |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/king-richard-movie-review-a-heart-warming-triumph-of-human-spirit/article65261917.ece |access-date=29 March 2022 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=26 March 2022 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Oscars Best Picture Spotlight: What to Read (and Watch) If You Liked King Richard |url=https://lithub.com/oscars-best-picture-spotlight-what-to-read-and-watch-if-you-likedking-richard/ |access-date=29 March 2022 |work=[[Literary Hub]] |date=21 March 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Controversies ==<br />
=== Political controversies ===<br />
There was political controversy upon ''Dangal''{{'}}s release in India. In November 2015, Khan expressed the feelings that he and Kiran had about growing [[Religious intolerance|intolerance]] in India,<ref>{{cite news|title = The Intolerant Response to Aamir Khan's Intolerance Comments|url = https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2015/11/24/the-intolerant-response-to-aamir-khans-intolerance-comments/|newspaper = Wall Street Journal|access-date = 25 November 2015|first = Joanna|last = Sugden| date=24 November 2015 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite news|title = Bollywood Star Aamir Khan Faces Religious Backlash|url = https://time.com/4126743/aamir-khan-intolerance-backlash-snapdeal-india/|magazine = Time|access-date = 25 November 2015|first = Rishi|last = Iyengar}}</ref> which led to Khan facing intense backlash for the comments,<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|title = Aamir Khan took on religious intolerance, and Snapdeal got caught in the crossfire|url = http://qz.com/558447/bollywood-actor-aamir-khan-took-on-religious-intolerance-and-snapdeal-got-caught-in-the-crossfire/|website = Quartz|date = 25 November 2015|access-date = 25 November 2015|language = en-US|archive-date = 25 November 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151125165013/http://qz.com/558447/bollywood-actor-aamir-khan-took-on-religious-intolerance-and-snapdeal-got-caught-in-the-crossfire/|url-status = dead}}</ref> including violent threats.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sena leader offers Rs 1 lakh to slap Aamir, party says not official view|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/shiv-sena-announces-cash-reward-of-rs-1-lakh-for-slapping-aamir-khan/story-nIwnMn0NEchY2sgjtk4erL.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=26 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Site to slap Aamir Khan now showers kisses on the actor|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/To-slap-Aamir-log-on-to-this-site/articleshow/49977503.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=30 November 2015}}</ref> As part of continued backlash against Khan's comments, there were calls for protests and boycotts against ''Dangal''. In October 2016, the [[Vishva Hindu Parishad]] (VHP) called for protests against the film.<ref>{{cite news|title=VHP to protest against Aamir, Fawad Khan films|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/vhp-bengal-protest-pakistani-actors-fawad-aamir-khan-dangal-ban-mns-3079545/|work=[[The Indian Express]]|date=13 October 2016}}</ref> Following its release in December 2016, #BoycottDangal was trending on [[Twitter]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Aamir Khan facing Dangal trouble? #BoycottDangal trends on&nbsp;Twitter|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/entertainment/aamir-khan-facing-dangal-trouble-boycottdangal-trends-on-twitter/484178/|work=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]]|date=23 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Twitter wants to boycott Aamir Khan's Dangal because of THIS shocking reason!|url=https://www.inuth.com/trends/social-virals/twitter-wants-to-boycott-aamir-khans-dangal-because-of-this-shocking-reason/|work=InUth|date=23 December 2016}}</ref> and [[BJP]] general secretary [[Kailash Vijayvargiya]] called for protests against the film.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aamir Khan's film 'Dangal' deserves 'treatment': BJP leader|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Aamir-Khans-film-Dangal-deserves-treatment-BJP-leader/articleshow/50600524.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 January 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
There was also controversy over its release in [[Pakistan]]. In response to the Indian Motion Picture Producers Association (IMPPA) banning [[Pakistani film]] artists and technicians from working in [[Indian films]], Pakistani theatre owners and exhibitors responded by temporarily putting a stop to screening Indian films. Due to Khan's popularity, however, ''Dangal'' was set to release in Pakistan, but the [[Central Board of Film Censors]] demanded that scenes featuring the [[Indian flag]] and [[Indian national anthem]] be omitted. Khan refused, and thus the film was not released in Pakistan, where it was predicted to gross up to {{INRConvert|12|c|year=2016|mode=historical}}.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aamir Khan refuses to release Dangal in Pakistan without national anthem|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/aamir-khan-refuses-to-release-dangal-in-pakistan-without-national-anthem/story-KtqPyvubgNfeyJSnqSoJwO.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=6 April 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Award controversies ===<br />
At the [[64th National Film Awards]] in 2017, there was controversy over the [[National Film Award for Best Actor]], which the committee awarded to [[Akshay Kumar]] for his performance in ''[[Rustom (film)|Rustom]]'',<ref name="firstpost">{{cite news|title=64th National Film Awards 2017: Why Akshay Kumar's win is a fiasco for once prestigious honour|url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/64th-national-film-awards-2017-why-akshay-kumars-win-is-a-fiasco-for-once-prestigious-honour-3374458.html|work=Firstpost|date=8 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Forget Akshay Kumars national award win. How many of THESE actors deserved it?|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/standpoint/story/akshay-kumar-national-award-priyadarshan-rustom-controversy-970608-2017-04-10|work=[[India Today]]|date=10 April 2017}}</ref> instead of Aamir Khan's performance for ''Dangal''.<ref>{{cite news|title=National Film Awards complete winner list: Aamir Khan and Dangal face a royal snub!|url=http://www.catchnews.com/bollywood-news/national-film-awards-complete-winner-list-aamir-khan-and-dangal-face-a-royal-snub-57032.html|work=Catch News|date=7 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Chauhan|first1=Gaurang|title=3 revelations made by Priyadarshan on Akshay Kumar, Aamir Khan and National Film Awards that stumped us|url=http://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/akshay-kumar-win-aamir-khan-snub-three-revelations-made-by-priyadarshan-on-national-film-awards-that-stumped-us/|work=Bollywood Life|date=7 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="hindustantimes">{{cite news|title=Priyadarshan on Akshay's National Award: Why honour Aamir when he doesn't accept it?|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/priyadarshan-on-akshay-s-national-award-why-give-it-to-aamir-when-he-doesn-t-attend-award-functions/story-qaqyrIKV2XcFb0xM9C2krL.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=8 April 2017}}</ref> Committee member [[Priyadarshan]], who has worked with Kumar on several films,<ref name="firstpost" /><ref name="hindustantimes" /> gave the following explanation for awarding Kumar instead of Khan:<ref name="hindustantimes" /><br />
<br />
{{Blockquote|Why should we have given the Best Actor award to Aamir Khan when he has made it very clear that he doesn't attend awards functions? If he doesn't want to accept the honour, what is the point in honouring him? Nowadays, we have seen people returning their awards. We didn't want to take that risk.}}<br />
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Similarly, ''Dangal'' was not awarded at the [[18th IIFA Awards]], where Kumar was also not awarded. According to the [[IIFA Awards]] organisers:<ref>{{cite news|title=18th IIFA Awards 2017: Why Dangal Was Ignored in the Nominations|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/18th-iifa-awards-2017-why-dangal-was-ignored-in-the-nominations-1726635|publisher=[[NDTV]]|date=19 July 2017}}</ref><br />
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{{Blockquote|So basically, in IIFA, forms are sent to various production houses. They fill those forms up and send it back to us. Those forms are then put out to the industry for voting and from there it becomes a nomination. So, ''Dangal'' has not sent their entry in. We would love ''Dangal'' to be a part of it. I think it's a movie that's broken all records. We love Aamir Khan and the two little girls. They did a great job. But unfortunately, they didn't send their entry in.}}<br />
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== See also ==<br />
{{Portal|India|Film|Bollywood}}<br />
* [[Akhada: The Authorized Biography of Mahavir Singh Phogat]] published in January 2017.<br />
* [[Phogat sisters]] – the sibling group upon which the film was based<br />
* [[List of Bollywood films of 2016]]<br />
* [[List of highest-grossing Indian films]]<br />
{{clear}}<br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{Notelist}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist|30em}}<br />
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== External links ==<br />
{{Commons}}<br />
* {{IMDb title}}<br />
* {{Mojo movie}}<br />
* {{Bollywood Hungama movie|dangal<!-- id# 2529052 -->}}<br />
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}<br />
<br />
{{Aamir Khan|state=expanded}}<br />
{{FilmfareAwardBestFilm}}<br />
{{ScreenAwardBestFilm}}<br />
{{ZeeCineAwardBestFilm}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2016 Hindi-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2016 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:2016 films]]<br />
[[Category:2010 Commonwealth Games]]<br />
[[Category:Sport wrestling films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian sports films]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Punjab, India]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in Haryana]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in Punjab, India]]<br />
[[Category:Indian films based on actual events]]<br />
[[Category:Sports films based on actual events]]<br />
[[Category:Biographical films about sportspeople]]<br />
[[Category:Walt Disney Pictures films]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by Pritam]]<br />
[[Category:Indian biographical films]]<br />
[[Category:Biographical action films]]<br />
[[Category:Telstra People's Choice Award winners]]<br />
[[Category:UTV Motion Pictures films]]<br />
[[Category:Films featuring a Best Supporting Actress National Film Award–winning performance]]<br />
[[Category:Disney India films]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Nitesh Tiwari]]<br />
[[Category:Wrestling in India]]<br />
[[Category:Wrestling at the 2010 Commonwealth Games]]<br />
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Indian people]]<br />
[[Category:Cultural depictions of wrestlers]]<br />
[[Category:Political controversies in India]]<br />
[[Category:Film censorship in Pakistan]]<br />
[[Category:Political controversies in film]]<br />
[[Category:Censored films]]<br />
[[Category:Films about women in India]]<br />
[[Category:Indian feminist films]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Pune]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Delhi]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Haryana]]<br />
[[Category:2016 controversies]]<br />
[[Category:Aamir Khan Productions films]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in Delhi]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belhi,_Madhubani&diff=490375Belhi, Madhubani2026-05-01T20:22:10Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created Details</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About|a village in [[Madhubani district]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]|other places with the same name|Belhi (disambiguation){{!}}Belhi}}{{Short description|Village in Bihar, India}}<br />
<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}<br />
<br />
{{Infobox settlement<br />
| name = Belhi<br />
| settlement_type = Village<br />
| pushpin_map = Bihar#India<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|26|17|33|N|86|32|51|E|region:IN|format=dms|display=inline,title}}<br />
| subdivision_type = Country<br />
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br />
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br />
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br />
| subdivision_type3 = [[Community development block|Block]]<br />
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Madhubani district|Madhubani]]<br />
| subdivision_name3 = Jainagar<br />
| government_type = [[Sarpanch]]<br />
| area_total_km2 = 22.75<br />
| elevation_m = 71<br />
| population_total = 32293<br />
| population_as_of = 2011<br />
| population_density_km2 = auto<br />
| demographics_type1 = Languages<br />
| demographics1_title1 = Common<br />
| demographics1_info1 = [[Maithili language|Maithili]], [[Hindi]]<br />
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| utc_offset = +5:30<br />
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]<br />
| postal_code = 847226<br />
| area_code = 06276<br />
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in India|STD code]]<br />
| registration_plate = BR-32<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Belhi''' is a village situated in the [[Madhubani district]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]. It is located to the east of [[Madhubani, India|Madhubani]], close to the border with [[Nepal]]. The population of the village was 32,293 in 2011.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Population finder 2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/population-finder |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref><br />
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== Geography ==<br />
Belhi is located in the western bank of the [[Kosi River]], covering an area of 2274.7 hectares.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/44068/download/47730/DH_10_2001_MAD.pdf |title=Census of India 2011 Bihar District Census Handbook Madhubani |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Bihar |access-date=12 October 2023}}</ref> It has an elevation of 71 metres above the sea level.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Belhi topographic map, elevation, terrain |url=https://en-gb.topographic-map.com/map-4mz4gp/Belhi/ |access-date=12 October 2023 |website=Topographic maps |language=en}}</ref><br />
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== Demographics ==<br />
As of the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]], Belhi had a population of 32,293, of which 17,109 were male and 15,184 were female. The working population comprised 37.07% of the total population. The total literacy rate was 43.63%, with 9,216 of the male population and 4,872 of the female population being literate.<ref name=":0" /><br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
[[Category:Villages in Madhubani district]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sandeshkhali_violence&diff=532512Sandeshkhali violence2026-04-30T18:34:03Z<p>KatherinSteger: made bio!</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Political violence in West Bengal, India, in 2024}}<br />
{{Context|date=January 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2024}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox civilian attack<br />
| partof =<br />
| title = 2024 Sandeshkhali violence<br />
| location = [[Sandeshkhali]], [[North 24 Parganas]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]<br />
| coordinates = {{Coord|22.3611211|88.8815470|display=it|format=dms}}<br />
| map = {{Location map|India West Bengal#India|relief=1|lat_deg=22.3611211|lon_deg=88.8815470}}<br />
| date = {{start date|2024|01|05}}<br />
| time = 09:30<br />
| timezone = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] ([[UTC+05:30]])<br />
}}<br />
<br />
On 5 January 2024, a team of [[Enforcement Directorate]] officers visited the village of [[Sandeshkhali]] in [[West Bengal]], [[India]], to interrogate a local [[Trinamool Congress]] leader, Sheikh Shahjahan, about his involvement with the corruption scandal of the politician [[Jyotipriya Mallick]]. Mallick, a former minister with the Trinamool Congress, pled guilty for embezzling multiple [[crores]] from food rationing funds in October 2023, implicating Shahjahan. In January 2024, the ED investigated additional allegations of sexual assault and improper [[Land grabbing|land acquisition]] against Shahjahan. In the resulting altercation, three ED officers were injured by local supporters of Shahjahan.<br />
Immediately after the incident, Shahjahan fled, remaining a fugitive for 55 days until his apprehension on 29 February. He was suspended by the Trinamool Congress immediately after his arrest.<br />
<br />
== Background==<br />
On 5 January 2024, a group of [[Enforcement Directorate|ED]] officers went to interrogate Sheikh Shahjahan, a [[Trinamool Congress|TMC]] [[District council (India)|district council]] member from Sarberia village of [[Sandeshkhali I]] [[Community development block|CD block]] in [[North 24 Parganas district]] of [[West Bengal]] in connection with the ration smuggling case in which senior minister in [[Government of West Bengal]], [[Jyotipriya Mallick]] was arrested in October 2023. Immediately after the raid, the ED officers were assaulted and attacked by the local villagers, along with destroying their phones, important files by the local supporters of Sheikh Shahjahan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/enforcement-directorate-team-paramilitary-forces-attacked-west-bengal-north-24-parganas-ration-scam-case-raids-2484532-2024-01-05|date=5 January 2024|access-date=11 January 2024|title=Enforcement Directorate team en route to raid Trinamool leader attacked in Bengal|work=[[India Today]]}}</ref> The vehicles of the mediapersons which were present there, were also vandalized and they were beaten badly.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/ed-team-attacked-during-raid-in-west-bengals-sandeshkhali-visuals-surface|date=5 January 2024|access-date=13 January 2024|work=[[Free Press Journal]]|title=ED Team Attacked During Raid In West Bengal's Sandeshkhali; Visuals Surface}}</ref> Following that incident, on 11 January 2024, ED officers filed a petition for the protection of them in [[Calcutta High Court]] for which the protection was granted by the court.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/west-bengal/calcutta-hc-grants-protection-to-ed-officers-in-sandeshkhali-case-2844246|work=[[Deccan Herald]]|title=Calcutta HC grants protection to ED officers in Sandeshkhali case|date=11 January 2024|access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/Jan/11/calcutta-high-court-grants-protection-to-ed-officers-in-sandeshkhali-case-2650039.html|title=Calcutta High Court grants protection to ED officers in Sandeshkhali case|date=11 January 2024|access-date=14 January 2024|work=[[New Indian Express]]}}</ref> The court also ordered for an interim stay on the FIRs which were filed by police against ED officials on the day of the raid and violence.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/kolkata-news/calcutta-hc-issues-interim-stay-on-fir-against-ed-officials-in-sandeshkhali-attack-case-101704970295642.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=11 January 2024|access-date=13 January 2024|title=Sandeshkhali attack case: Calcutta HC orders interim stay on FIR against ED officials}}</ref> On 12 January 2024, two arrested in connection with the attack on the ED team by [[West Bengal Police]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/kolkata-news/sandeshkhali-case-two-arrested-in-connection-with-attack-on-ed-team-in-west-bengal-101705058071683.html|title=Sandeshkhali case: Two arrested in connection with attack on ED team in West Bengal|work=Hindustan Times|date=12 January 2024|access-date=13 January 2024}}</ref> On 25 January 2024, ED again with full force of [[Central Industrial Security Force|CISF]] went to Sandeshkhali to his residence for raid and they broke the doors and entered the house, but were able to find nothing.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/ration-distribution-scam-19-days-after-sandeshkhali-attack-ed-searches-tmc-leaders-house-again-9126515/|date=25 January 2024|access-date=26 January 2024|work=[[Indian Express]]|title=Ration distribution 'scam': 19 days after Sandeshkhali attack, ED searches TMC leader's house again}}</ref> Following the attack incident, the local villagers alleged that Sheikh Shahjahan was like a gangster of Sandeshkhali, who used to threaten the people with his two aides, TMC leaders Shibu Hazra and Uttam Sardar and the mob. Allegations of systemic sexual assault on many women of Sandeshkhali surfaced in mainstream media during early February 2024. They also claimed that both Shibu and Uttam raped the women of the villages by calling them to their offices at ungodly hours and now police is denying to register FIRs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kolkata/sandeshkhali-rape-survivor-alleges-attack-on-her-home/article67860992.ece?_gl=1*3z5tpq*_ga*YW1wLUdqR2Q3eC1mV2twSGVUUTg5LUg0QU52UHNwSEpYSWNWNDdCSzZXZG54ZFVDSk1XQzBLczVjU0VnQ0gwNlFHYTU.|title=Sandeshkhali rape survivor alleges attack on her home|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=18 February 2024|access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref><br />
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On 17 February 2024, Shibu Hazra was arrested by the police. He was sent to 8 days of police custody by the court.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/india/sandeshkhali-unrest-main-accused-shibu-hazra-tmc-arrested-west-bengal-latest-news-8783214.html|title=Trinamool Leader Shibu Hazra Arrested After Rape Allegations By Sandeshkhali Women; BJP Reacts|work=[[News18]]|date=17 January 2024|access-date=22 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sandeshkhali-police-add-gangrape-sections-say-got-no-complaint-against-shahjahan-sheikh-101708186529561.html|title=Sandeshkhali: Police add gangrape sections, say got no complaint against Shahjahan Sheikh|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=17 January 2024|access-date=22 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Wire |first=The |date=2024-02-18 |title=Systemic Sexual Assault, an Oppressive TMC and Not Much Recourse: What Sandeshkhali Villagers Say |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/news/systemic-sexual-assault-an-oppressive-tmc-and-not-much-recourse-what-sandeshkhali-villagers-say |access-date=2024-02-22 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/sandeshkhali-violence-court-sends-tmcs-shibu-hazra-to-eight-days-of-police-custody/articleshow/107797732.cms|work=[[The Economic Times]]|date=17 February 2024|title=Sandeshkhali violence: Court sends TMC's Shibu Hazra to eight days of police custody}}</ref><br />
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Soon after the news broke, several protests took place across the state by several opposition parties including the [[Bharatiya Janata Party, West Bengal|Bharatiya Janata Party]] and the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist), West Bengal|Communist Party of India (Marxist)]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sandeshkhali Unrest: As Women-Led Protests Escalate, TMC's 'Outsider' Claims Find Little Resonance |url=https://thewire.in/women/sandeshkhali-unrest-as-women-led-protests-escalate-tmcs-outsider-claims-find-little-resonance |date=19 February 2024|access-date=2024-02-22 |website=The Wire}}</ref> An inquiry was also launched on the allegations and several arrest were made.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Women cops begin probe in violence-hit Sandeshkhali, prohibitory orders extended |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/sandeshkhali-violence-large-gatherings-banned-till-feb-19-as-tensions-escalate-2501855-2024-02-14 |access-date=2024-02-22 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><br />
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On 29 February 2024, at around 5:30 am (IST), Shahjahan was arrested by the police from [[Minakhan]], 30&nbsp;km from [[Sandeshkhali]] by them.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/sandeshkhali-violence-west-bengal-police-arrests-tmc-leader-sheikh-shahjahan-11709172057783.html|title=Sandeshkhali violence: West Bengal Police arrests TMC leader Sheikh Shahjahan|date=29 February 2024|work=[[Livemint]]}}</ref><br />
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== Reactions ==<br />
Following the incident, [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] leader and the leader of opposition in [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]], [[Suvendu Adhikari]] condemned the attack on the ED in Sandeshkhali. He also alleged that [[West Bengal Police]] is helping Shahjahan to run away. However, TMC spokesperson [[Kunal Ghosh]] denied of such actions and said that Shahjahan is available in Sandeshkhali and had not flown anywhere. On the other hand, [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] leader [[Mohammed Selim (politician)|Mohammed Selim]] has also alleged that police had already talked with Shahjahan for his protection, that's why they are not taking any action against him. LoP Suvendu Adhikari when tried to visit Sandeshkhali with their MLAs, the police stopped and returned them to [[Kolkata]] in the prison van. On the same day, Adhikari filed a petition in the [[Calcutta High Court|High Court]] to get the nod for visiting Sandeshkhali, for which he got the permission from the court.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bjps-suvendu-adhikari-stopped-from-visiting-bengals-sandeshkhali-despite-court-nod-5091901|title=BJP's Suvendu Adhikari, Stopped From Visiting Sandeshkhali, Gets Court Nod|date=20 February 2024|access-date=22 February 2024|work=[[NDTV]]}}</ref><br />
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On 15 February 2024, [[List of chief ministers of West Bengal|Chief Minister of West Bengal]], [[Mamata Banerjee]] alleged that BJP and [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh|RSS]] are using both [[Central Bureau of Investigation|CBI]] and [[Enforcement Directorate|ED]] to create unnecessary violence to win over West Bengal in the [[2024 Indian general election|upcoming Lok Sabha election in 2024]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mamata-banerjee-blames-rss-for-sandeshkhali-violence-says-there-were-other-plans-101707992602581.html|title=Mamata Banerjee blames RSS for Sandeshkhali violence, says 'there were other plans'|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=15 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref><br />
<br />
On 14 February 2024, BJP State President and MP [[Sukanta Majumdar]] was detained by the police, during their sit-on protest in front of SP Office in [[Basirhat]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/newsblogs/daily-news-and-latest-updates-parliament-lok-sabha-elections-pm-modi-ashok-chavan-congress-farmers-protest-march-earthquake-haldwani-violence-israel-hamas-war-live-13-february-2024/liveblog/107642306.cms|work=[[The Economic Times]]|title=Sandeshkhali violence Live Updates: Police detains the West Bengal BJP chief Sukanta Majumdar|date=14 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024}}</ref><br />
<br />
According to [[Asian News International|ANI]], senior BJP leader and MP [[Dilip Ghosh (politician)|Dilip Ghosh]] alleged that Mamata Banerjee is involved in protecting such criminals like Shahjahan Sheikh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/sandeshkhali-violence-bjp-mp-dilip-ghosh-alleges-mamata-of-protecting-criminals-like-shahjahan-sheikh20240215101606/|title=Sandeshkhali violence: BJP MP Dilip Ghosh alleges Mamata of protecting "criminals" like Shahjahan Sheikh|date=15 February 2024|access-date=21 February 2024|work=[[Asian News International|ANI News]]|archive-date=19 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219090657/https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/sandeshkhali-violence-bjp-mp-dilip-ghosh-alleges-mamata-of-protecting-criminals-like-shahjahan-sheikh20240215101606/|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Political history of West Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:January 2024 in India|Sandeshkhali violence]]<br />
[[Category:2024 in West Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:Corruption in India]]<br />
[[Category:Corruption in West Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:Controversies in India]]<br />
[[Category:Violence against women in India]]<br />
[[Category:Riots and civil disorder in India]]<br />
[[Category:Political riots in India]]<br />
[[Category:Riots and civil disorder in West Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:Violence in India]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shiroor_Math&diff=535037Shiroor Math2026-04-24T11:45:26Z<p>KatherinSteger: made new stub</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Hindu monastery in Shiroor, Karnataka, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}<br />
{{Hinduism_small}}<br />
{{DvaitaInfobox}}<br />
<br />
'''Shiroor Matha''' is a [[Hindu monastery]] and one of the [[Ashta Mathas of Udupi]]. It was founded by Sri Vamana Tirtha at [[41 Shiroor|Shiroor]] village on the banks of the [[Swarna River]] in [[Udupi]], [[Karnataka]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mutt |first1=Shiroor |title=Details |url=http://www.udipikrishnamutt.com/article/id/750/shirur-mutt |website=udipikrishnamutt |accessdate=20 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720081158/http://www.udipikrishnamutt.com/article/id/750/shirur-mutt |archive-date=2018-07-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> He was a direct disciple of Sri [[Madhvacharya]], the founder of the [[Dvaita]] school of [[Hindu]] philosophy. The latest [[swami]], [[Lakshmivara Teertha]], died on Thursday 19, July 2018. The new Swamiji (Mathadeesha) Shri Vedavardhana Thirtha (Purvashrama nama: Aniruddha Saralatthaya)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2021/Apr/21/udupishiroor-mutt-successor-chosen-16-year-old-aniruddha-tobe-anointed-on-may-14-2292930.html|title=Udupi Shiroor mutt successor chosen, 16-year-old Aniruddha to be anointed on May 14|publisher=The New Indian Express|access-date=2 April 2024}}</ref> was anointed on 14 May 2021 after traditional religious rituals as per Madhva tradition by H. H. Shre Vishwavallabha Theertha Swamiji of Sode Matha.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mangalorean.com/sri-vedavardhan-theertha-swamiji-anointed-new-successor-of-shiroor-math/|title=Sri Vedavardhan Theertha Swamiji Anointed New Successor of Shiroor Math|publisher=Mangalorean, news portal|access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><br />
<br />
== The Lineage – Guru Parampara – of Shiroor Matha ==<br />
# Sri [[Madhvacharya]] (1199–1278)<br />
# Sri Vamana Teertha<br />
# Sri Vasudeva Teertha<br />
# Sri Punyasloka Teertha<br />
# Sri Vedagamya Teertha<br />
# Sri Vedavyasa Teertha<br />
# Sri Vedavedya Teertha<br />
# Sri Mahesha Teertha<br />
# Sri Krishna Teertha<br />
# Sri Raghava Teertha<br />
# Sri Suresha Teertha<br />
# Sri Vedabhushana Teertha<br />
# Sri Srinivasa Teertha<br />
# Sri Vedanidhi Teertha<br />
# Sri Sridhara Teertha<br />
# Sri Yadavottama Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshminarayana Teertha I<br />
# Sri Vishwabhushana Teertha<br />
# Sri Trailokyapavana Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshmikantha Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshminarayana Teertha II<br />
# Sri Lakshmipathi Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshmidhara Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshmiramana Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshmimanohara Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshmipriya Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshmivallabha Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshmisamudra Teertha<br />
# Sri Lakshmeendra Teertha (1926–1963)<br />
# Sri Lakshmimanojna Teertha (1963–1971) (he renounced the peetha in 1971)<br />
# Sri Lakshmivara Teertha (1971–2018)<br />
# Sri Vedavardhana Teertha (2021)<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Udupi Sri Krishna Matha]]<br />
*[[Ashta Mathas of Udupi]]<br />
*[[Dvaita Vedanta]]<br />
*[[Dvaita literature]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[http://udupishiroormutt.in Shiroor Math official site]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Dvaita Vedanta]]<br />
[[Category:Ashta Mathas of Udupi]]<br />
[[Category:Madhva tradition]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fejervarya_orissaensis&diff=499033Fejervarya orissaensis2026-04-24T01:01:13Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created a details v1.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Species of amphibian}}<br />
{{Speciesbox <br />
| image = <br />
| status = LC <br />
| status_system = IUCN3.1<br />
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN /><br />
| taxon = Fejervarya orissaensis<br />
| authority = (Dutta, 1997)<br />
| range_map = Fejervarya orissaensis map-fr.svg<br />
| synonyms = ''Limnonectes orissaensis'' <small>Dutta, 1997</small><br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Fejervarya orissaensis''''' (common name: '''Orissa frog''') is a species of [[frog]] that is [[endemic]] to [[Orissa, India|Orissa]] state in eastern India. It is also found in [[Nepal]], [[Myanmar]], [[Thailand]], and [[Bangladesh]].<ref name=AMNH>{{BioRef|ASW6<br />
|title=''Fejervarya orissaensis'' (Dutta, 1997) <br />
|url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Dicroglossidae/Dicroglossinae/Fejervarya/Fejervarya-orissaensis<br />
|access-date=July 13, 2025}}</ref><ref name=Amph>{{BioRef|amphibiaweb<br />
|title=''Fejervarya orissaensis'' (Dutta, 1997) <br />
|author1= <br />
|editor1= <br />
|date=<br />
|language=<br />
|url=https://amphibiaweb.org/species/5670<br />
|access-date=July 13, 2025}}</ref><ref name=IUCN>{{cite IUCN<br />
|title=Himalayan Toad: ''Fejervarya orissaensis''<br />
|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/58283/166100097<br />
|article-number= e.T58283A166100097<br />
|doi=<br />
|id=58283<br />
|year=2022<br />
|author1=IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group<br />
|access-date=July 13, 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Habitat==<br />
This frog is known from grasslands and farms that have ponds, streams, and other suitable wetlands nearby. It not only tolerates human-disturbed habitats but seems to prefer them. Scientists observed the frog no higher than {{cvt|700|m}} [[above sea level]].<ref name=Amph /><ref name=IUCN /><br />
<br />
This frog has been found in many protected parks, for example [[Chandaka Wildlife Sanctuary]], [[Simlipal Tiger Reserve]], [[Kanger Ghati National Park]], [[Rajaji National Park]], [[Sanjay National Park]], and [[Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary]].<ref name=IUCN /><br />
<br />
==Reproduction==<br />
The female frog lays eggs in temporary pools of rainwater, where the tadpoles develop.<ref name=IUCN /><br />
<br />
==Threats==<br />
The IUCN classifies this frog as least concern of extinction. Its largest known threat is [[pollution]] from agrochemicals: fertilizers and pesticides.<ref name=IUCN /><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3068056}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fejervarya|orissaensis]]<br />
[[Category:Frogs of India]]<br />
[[Category:Frogs of Asia]]<br />
[[Category:Endemic amphibians of India]]<br />
[[Category:Amphibians described in 1997]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{dicroglossidae-stub}}</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madhu_Ambat&diff=514426Madhu Ambat2026-04-21T09:44:08Z<p>KatherinSteger: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian cinematographer|bot=PearBOT 5}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Madhu Ambat<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1949|3|6}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Ernakulam]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]<br />
| image = File:MadhuAmbat.jpg<br />
| parents = K.Bhagyanath<br>Sulochana<br />
| occupation = [[Cinematographer]], documentary producer, [[film director]]<br />
| alma_mater = [[Film and Television Institute of India|FTII]]<br />
| website = {{URL|https://www.madhuambat.com/}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Madhu Ambat''' {{small|[[Indian Society of Cinematographers|ISC]]}} (born 6 March 1949) is an Indian cinematographer who predominantly works in Malayalam and Tamil-language films apart from a few English, Hindi, Telugu, Kannada, Bengali and Sanskrit films.<ref>Video interview with Madhu Ambat, on webindia123.com, http://video.webindia123.com/new/interviews/cinematographers/madhuambat/part1/index.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001201811/http://video.webindia123.com/new/interviews/cinematographers/madhuambat/part1/index.htm |date=1 October 2011 }}</ref> With a career spanning over 40 years, he is one of the most prolific cinematographers in [[Indian cinema]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web | url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/250-films-over-40-years-madhu-ambat-s-incredible-journey-cinematographer-89948 | title=250 films over 40 years: Madhu Ambat's incredible journey as a cinematographer | date=14 October 2018 }}</ref> He is best known for his work in films such as ''[[Amaram]]'', ''[[Anjali (1990 film)|Anjali]]'', and ''[[Makaramanju]]''. He currently resides in [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]]. He has won the [[National Film Award for Best Cinematography]] thrice. He is a member of the Indian Society of Cinematographers (ISC).<ref name="thenewsminute">{{cite news |title=250 films over 40 years: Madhu Ambat's incredible journey as a cinematographer |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/250-films-over-40-years-madhu-ambat-s-incredible-journey-cinematographer-89948 |work=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
Madhu's father, K. Bhagyanath, resigned as a Professor of English to be a full-time magician. Bhagyanath was also an amateur photographer. Bhagyanath and his wife Sulochana believed that one should take the profession one liked best. Madhu got admission to IIT and at the same time, he was selected in [[Pune Film Institute]]. Despite all hindrances from their relatives, Madhu's parents allowed him to join the Film institute, and he sustained the faith of his parents in him by achieving a gold medal at the institute. All these helped Madhu take cinematography as his profession. Madhu, who started his career with a documentary for famous director Ramu Kariat, has been a cinematographer for over 250 films.<ref name="auto"/> His younger sister is the actress and dancer [[Vidhubala]].<ref name="thenewsminute"/><br />
<br />
In 2003, he completed ''1:1.6 An Ode to Lost Love'', his debut film as a director.<ref>[http://www.odetolostlove.com/ "1:1.6 An Ode to Lost Love"]</ref><ref>[http://hindujobs.com/thehindu/mp/2003/05/08/stories/2003050801060200.htm "Madhu Ambat turns director"]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nfdcindia.com/index.php?film_id=148|title=NFDC: Cinemas of india|website=www.nfdcindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/06/02/stories/2003060201130300.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030610173433/http://thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/06/02/stories/2003060201130300.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=10 June 2003 | title=A dream come true | date=2 June 2003 | first= M. L. | last=Narasimham | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | access-date=29 November 2018 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Filmography==<br />
{{colbegin}}<br />
*1975 - ''[[Love Letter (1975 film)|Love Letter]]''<br />
*1977 - ''[[Njaaval Pazhangal]]'' as Madhu-Shaji<ref>{{Cite news|title=Shaji N Karun, cinema|url=https://www.deshabhimani.com/articles-periodicals/shaji-n-karun-cinema-13450 |publisher=Deshabhimani|date=12 May 2025}}</ref><br />
*1978 - '' Manushyan '' as Madhu-Shaji<br />
*1978 - ''Kudhira Motte ''<br />
*1978 - ''Nalegannu Maduvavaru''<br />
*1978 - '' Prema Kama ''<br />
*1978 - '' Ithihasa ''<br />
*1978 - ''Saritha''<br />
*1978 - ''[[Ashwathama]]''<br />
*1978 - ''[[Yaro Oral]]''<br />
*1979 - ''Hridhayathil Nee Mathram''<br />
*1979 - ''Pichipoo ''<br />
*1980 - ''[[Oppol]]''<br />
*1980 - ''[[Saraswathi Yaamam]]''<br />
*1980 - ''[[Sooryante Maranum]]''<br />
*1980 - ''Seetha''<br />
*1982 - ''Lahari'' as Madhu-Shaji<br />
*1983 - ''[[Adi Shankaracharya (film)|Adi Shankaracharya]]''<br />
*1983 - ''[[Phaniyamma]]'' (Kannada)<br />
*1984 - ''[[Sandhya Mayangum Neram]]''<br />
*1984 - ''Swantham Sarika''<br />
*1986 - ''[[Tabarana Kathe]]'' (Kannada)<br />
*1986 - ''[[Uppu]]''<br />
*1987 - ''[[Swathi Thirunal (film)|Swathi Thirunal]]''<br />
*1988 - ''[[Vaishali (film)|Vaishali]]''<br />
*1989 - ''[[Vachanam]]''<br />
*1990 - ''[[Anjali (1990 film)|Anjali]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*1990 - ''[[Disha (film)|Disha]]'' (Hindi)<br />
*1990 - ''[[Sutradhaarulu]]'' (Telugu)<br />
*1991 - ''[[Amaram]]''<br />
*1992 - ''[[Daivathinte Vikrithikal]], Rajashilpi''<br />
*1992 - ''[[Praying with Anger]]'' (English)<br />
*1992 - ''[[Swaroopam]]''<br />
*1993 - ''[[Bhagvad Gita (film)|Bhagvad Gita]]'' (Sanskrit)<br />
*1993 - ''[[Magrib (film)|Magrib]]''<br />
*1993 - ''[[Padheyam]]''<br />
*1994 - ''[[Nammavar]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*1994 - ''[[Swami Vivekananda (1998 film)|Swami Vivekananda]]'' (English)<br />
*1994 - ''[[Amodini]]'' (Bengali)<br />
*1997 - ''Churam''<br />
*1997 - ''[[Kulam (film)|Kulam]]''<br />
*1997 - ''Bapa''<br />
*1999 - ''[[Khoobsurat (1999 film)|Khoobsurat]]'' (Hindi)<br />
*1999 - ''[[Thammudu]]'' (Telugu)<br />
*2000 - ''[[Badri (2000 film)|Badri]]'' (Telugu)<br />
*2001 - ''[[Lajja (2001 film)|Lajja]]'' (Hindi)<br />
*2003 - ''[[Anyar (film)|Anyar]]''<br />
*2003 - ''[[Chupke Se]]'' (Hindi)<br />
*2003 - ''[[Avuna]]'' (Telugu)<br />
*2004 - ''[[Chanakya (2005 film)|Chanakya]]''<br />
*2004 - ''1:1.6 An Ode to Lost Love'' - screenplay, direction, & cinematography<br />
*2004 - ''Pravahi'' (Documentary short)<br />
*2005 - ''[[June R]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*2006 - ''[[Aadum Koothu]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*2006 - ''[[Provoked: A True Story]]'' (English)<br />
*2007 - ''[[Shoot on Sight]]'' (English)<br />
*2007 - ''[[Sringaram]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*2008 - ''[[Maan Gaye Mughal-e-Azam]]''<br />
*2009 - ''[[Kerala Cafe]]'' (segment "Makal")<br />
*2010 - ''[[Graamam]]''<br />
*2010 - ''[[Hisss]]''<br />
*2010 - ''[[Makaramanju]]''<br />
*2011 - ''[[Adaminte Makan Abu]]''<br />
*2012 - ''[[Kalikaalam (2012 film)|Kalikaalam]]''<br />
*2013 - ''[[Kunjananthante Kada]]''<br />
*2013 - ''[[Thee Kulikkum Pachai Maram]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*2014 - ''[[Namma Gramam]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*2014 - ''[[Sivappu]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*2015 - ''[[Pathemari]]''<br />
*2018 - ''[[Pani - Fever]]''<br />
*2018 - ''[[And the Oscar Goes To...]]''<br />
*2020 - ''Itlu Amma''<br />
*2023 - ''[[Appatha]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*2025 - ''[[Jora Kaiya Thattunga]]'' (Tamil)<br />
*2025 - ''Paranu Paranu Paranu Chellan''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2025-01-07 |title=Unni Lalu and Sidharth Bharathan's Paranu Paranu Paranu Chellan gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2025/Jan/07/unni-lalu-and-sidharth-bharathans-paranu-paranu-paranu-chellan-gets-a-release-date |access-date=2025-01-07 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
*2025 - ''[[Mindiyum Paranjum]]''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=Cinema Express |date=2025-12-06 |title=Unni Mukundan-Aparna Balamurali's Mindiyum Paranjum finally gets release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2025/Dec/06/unni-mukundan-aparna-balamuralis-mindiyum-paranjum-finally-gets-release-date |access-date=2025-12-17 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
{{colend}}<br />
<br />
==Awards==<br />
;[[National Film Awards]]<br />
* 1984: [[National Film Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]] - ''[[Adi Sankaracharya]]'' (Sanskrit)<br />
* 2006: [[National Film Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]] - ''[[Sringaram]]'' (Tamil)<br />
* 2010: [[National Film Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]] - ''[[Adaminte Makan Abu]]'' (Malayalam)<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article2032096.ece?homepage=true "Southern cinema sweeps National Awards"]. ''[[The Hindu]]''. 19 May 2011. Retrieved 19 May 2011</ref><br />
<br />
;[[Kerala State Film Awards]]<br />
* 1978: ''Aswathama'', ''Sooryante Maranam'' and ''[[Yaro Oral]]''<br />
* 1987: ''Purushartham'', ''[[Swathi Thirunal (film)|Swathi Thirunal]]''<br />
* 1990: ''[[Amaram]]''<br />
* 2018: ''Pani'', ''And the Oscar Goes To''<br />
<br />
;[[Nandi Awards]]<br />
* 1990: [[Nandi Award for Best Cinematographer]] - ''[[Hrudayanjali]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://telugucinemacharitra.blogspot.com/2011/01/andhra-pradesh-state-film-awarda1986.html|title=తెలుగుసినిమా చరిత్ర: Andhra Pradesh State Film Awarda(1986-1996)|date=7 January 2011}}</ref><br />
<br />
;[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]<br />
* 2012: SIIMA Award for Best Cinematographer - ''[[Makaramanju]]''<br />
<br />
;[[Asianet Film Awards]]<br />
* 2012: Best Cinematographer - ''[[Adaminte Makan Abu]]''<br />
* 2013 - [[Asiavision Awards]] - Best Cinematographer<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/mammotty-kavya-madhavan-bag-asiavision-awards-2013-11-05-1.526962 |title=Mammootty and Kavya Madhavan bag Indiavision awards |work=Emirates 247 |access-date=2016-02-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060116/http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/mammotty-kavya-madhavan-bag-asiavision-awards-2013-11-05-1.526962 |archive-date=2016-03-04 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[https://www.madhuambat.com/ Official website]<br />
<br />
{{National Film Award Best Cinematography}}<br />
{{Kerala State Film Award Best Cinematography}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ambat, Madhu}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Best Cinematography National Film Award winners]]<br />
[[Category:Kerala State Film Award winners]]<br />
[[Category:Kannada film cinematographers]]<br />
[[Category:1949 births]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil cinematographers]]<br />
[[Category:Film and Television Institute of India alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Malayalam film cinematographers]]<br />
[[Category:Film directors from Kochi]]<br />
[[Category:Malayalam film directors]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian photographers]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian photographers]]<br />
[[Category:Cinematographers from Kerala]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shimoga_Rural_Assembly_constituency&diff=535002Shimoga Rural Assembly constituency2026-04-19T19:35:04Z<p>KatherinSteger: made a article</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Karnataka State, India}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| name = Shimoga Rural<br />
| type = SLA<br />
| state = [[Karnataka]]<br />
| constituency_no = 111<br />
| map_image = 111-Shimoga Rural constituency.svg<br />
| division = [[Bangalore division|Bangalore]]<br />
| district = [[Shimoga district|Shimoga]]<br />
| loksabha_cons = [[Shimoga Lok Sabha constituency|Shimoga]]<br />
| established = 2008<br />
| reservation = SC<br />
| electors = {{formatnum:212458}}<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/15163-karnataka-2023/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2023 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in |access-date=24 July 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{update after|2028|7}}<br />
| mla = [[Sharada Puryanaik]]<br />
| party = {{Party index link|Janata Dal (Secular)}}<br />
| alliance = {{legend2|#FF9933|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]|border=solid 1px #000}}<br />
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]]<br />
| preceded_by = K. B. Ashok Naik<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Shimoga Rural Assembly constituency''' is one of the 224 [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Karnataka]] in [[India]].<ref name=electors2023>{{cite web |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PCELE2019/GE2019_VOTERS_COUNT.pdf |title=Karnataka Loksabha Elections - 2023 - Voters Count |website=ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in |accessdate= 10 February 2024}}</ref><br />
<br />
It is part of [[Shimoga district]] and is reserved for candidates belonging to the [[Scheduled Castes]].<br />
<br />
==Members of the Legislative Assembly==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Election<br />
! Member<br />
! colspan=2|Party<br />
|-<br />
| [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || K. G. Kumara Swamy || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2013]] || [[Sharada Puryanaik]] || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]] || K. B. Ashok Naik || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]] || [[Sharada Puryanaik]] || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Election results==<br />
=== Assembly Election 2023 ===<br />
{{Election box begin |title = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Shimoga Rural <ref name="Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Shimoga Rural">{{cite news |title=Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Shimoga Rural |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS10111.htm?ac=111 |access-date=11 April 2025 |work= |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411140454/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS10111.htm?ac=111 |archive-date=11 April 2025}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Sharada Puryanaik]] |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 86,340 |percentage = 47.74% |change = {{increase}}9.68 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = K. B. Ashok Naik |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 71,198 |percentage = 39.37% |change = {{decrease}}0.88 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Sreenivas Kariyanna |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 18,335 |percentage = 10.14% |change = {{decrease}}9.30 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Manjunatha. S. S |party = Aam Aadmi Party |votes = 1,715 |percentage = 0.95% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,053 |percentage = 0.58% |change = {{decrease}}0.19 }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 15,142 |percentage = 8.37% |change = {{increase}}6.18 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 180,952 |percentage = 85.17% |change = {{increase}}3.69 }}<br />
{{Election box total valid |votes= 180,848}}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 212,458 |ref = |change = {{increase}}0.43 }}<br />
{{Election box gain |winner = Janata Dal (Secular) |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}7.49 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
=== Assembly Election 2018 ===<br />
{{Election box begin |title = [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Shimoga Rural <ref name=election2018>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/6933-karnataka-2018/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2018 |website=Election Commission of India |accessdate= 4 February 2021}}</ref><ref name="Shimoga Rural Constituency Election Results 2018">{{cite news |title=Shimoga Rural Constituency Election Results 2018 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/karnataka/constituency/shimoga-rural-assembly-constituency-election-results-assembly-seat-details-mlas-candidates/articleshow/99721205.cms |access-date=11 April 2025 |publisher=The Times of India |date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411140430/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/karnataka/constituency/shimoga-rural-assembly-constituency-election-results-assembly-seat-details-mlas-candidates/articleshow/99721205.cms |archive-date=11 April 2025}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = K. B. Ashok Naik |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 69,326 |percentage = 40.25% |change = {{increase}}31.59 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[Sharada Puryanaik]] |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 65,549 |percentage = 38.06% |change = {{increase}}4.18 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Sreenivas Kariyanna |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 33,493 |percentage = 19.44% |change = {{decrease}}5.39 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,328 |percentage = 0.77% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,777 |percentage = 2.19% |change = {{decrease}}4.85 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 172,362 |percentage = 81.48% |change = {{increase}}4.38 }}<br />
{{Election box total valid |votes= 172,248}}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 211,546 |ref = |change = {{increase}}13.72 }}<br />
{{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Janata Dal (Secular) |swing = {{increase}}6.37 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
=== Assembly Election 2013 ===<br />
{{Election box begin |title = [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Shimoga Rural <ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2013 : To the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |website=eci.nic.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=2014-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220034253/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Sharada Puryanaik]] |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 48,639 |percentage = 33.88% |change = {{increase}}12.66 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. Basavannappa |party = Karnataka Janata Paksha |votes = 38,530 |percentage = 26.84% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kariyanna |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 35,640 |percentage = 24.83% |change = {{decrease}}1.22 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = K. G. Kumara Swamy |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 12,435 |percentage = 8.66% |change = {{decrease}}36.72 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shivarudraiah Swamy |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,874 |percentage = 1.31% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = V. Bhagavan |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,499 |percentage = 1.04% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = L. Chandra Naik |party = Janata Dal (United) |votes = 1,034 |percentage = 0.72% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = N. T. Shivamurthy |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,005 |percentage = 0.70% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 10,109 |percentage = 7.04% |change = {{decrease}}12.28 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 143,425 |percentage = 77.10% |change = {{increase}}6.79 }}<br />
{{Election box total valid |votes= 143,556}}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 186,023 |ref = |change = {{increase}}4.13 }}<br />
{{Election box gain |winner = Janata Dal (Secular) |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}11.50 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
=== Assembly Election 2008 ===<br />
{{Election box begin |title = [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Shimoga Rural <ref>{{cite web |title=General Election Karnataka Legislative Assembly 2008 Election Statistics |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |publisher=Government of Karnataka |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201232433/https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = K. G. Kumara Swamy |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 56,979 |percentage = 45.38% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kariyanna |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 32,714 |percentage = 26.05% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[Sharada Puryanaik]] |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 26,644 |percentage = 21.22% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Halappa. A. K |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,441 |percentage = 1.94% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. Gurumurthy |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 2,371 |percentage = 1.89% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shanthaveera Naik |party = Samajwadi Party |votes = 1,770 |percentage = 1.41% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = H. Kuberappa |party = Swarna Yuga Party |votes = 1,541 |percentage = 1.23% |change = ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 24,265 |percentage = 19.32% |change = }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 125,601 |percentage = 70.31% |change = }}<br />
{{Election box total valid |votes= 125,567}}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 178,637 |ref = |change = }}<br />
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
* [[List of constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]<br />
* [[Shimoga district]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Karnataka}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|14.04|75.37|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Shimoga district]]<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Shimoga]]<br />
[[Category:2008 establishments in Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barauni_Assembly_constituency&diff=489785Barauni Assembly constituency2026-04-16T04:32:53Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created New Info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Legislative assembly constituency in Bihar, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
|name=Barauni<br />
|state=[[Bihar]]<br />
|type=SLA<br />
|district=[[Begusarai District|Begusarai]]<br />
|loksabha_cons=[[Balia, Bihar Lok Sabha constituency|Balia]]<br />
|established=1972<br />
|reservation=None<br />
|abolished=2010<br />
}}<br />
'''Barauni''' was an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Begusarai district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Bihar]].<br />
<br />
As a consequence of the orders of the [[Delimitation Commission of India]], Ballia Assembly constituency ceased to exist in 2010.<ref name=commission>{{cite web|url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |title = Schedule – XIII of Constituencies Order, 2008 of Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008 of the Election Commission of India|work= Schedule VI Bihar, Part A – Assembly constituencies, Part B – Parliamentary constituencies |access-date = 2011-01-10 }}</ref> It is now renamed as Teghra [[Teghra Assembly constituency]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/elections/loksabha2014/left-has-golden-chance-for-a-turnaround-in-bihar/article5951855.ece|title=Left has golden chance for a turnaround in Bihar}}</ref><br />
<br />
It was part of [[Balia (Bihar)|Balia Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_III_LS_2004.pdf |title = General Elections, 2004 - Details for Assembly Segments of Parliamentary Constituencies |work = 19. Balia | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 2011-11-01 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Results==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!Election Year<br />
!Member<br />
! colspan="2" |Party<br />
|-<br />
|1972<br />
|Chandra Sekhar Singh<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India|rowspan=8}}<br />
|-<br />
|1977<br />
|Suryanarayan Singh<br />
|-<br />
|1980<br />
|Rameshwar Singh<br />
|-<br />
|1985<br />
|Shakuntala Sinha<br />
|-<br />
|1990<br />
|Shivdani Singh<br />
|-<br />
|1995<br />
| rowspan="3" |Rajendra Prasad Singh<br />
|-<br />
|2000<br />
|-<br />
|2005 (Feb and Oct)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===1977-2005===<br />
In the [[Bihar Assembly Election, Oct 2005|October 2005 Bihar Assembly elections]], Rajendra Prasad Singh of [[Communist Party of India|CPI]] won the Barauni seat defeating his nearest rival Surendra Mehta of [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]. Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners are being mentioned. Rajendra Prasad Singh of CPI defeated Pradip Rai of [[Lok Jan Shakti Party|LJP]] in [[Bihar Assembly Election, Feb 2005|February 2005]], Ram Lakhan Singh of BJP in 2000 and 1995. Shivdani Singh of CPI defeated Kamla Devi of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 1990. Shakuntala Sinha of CPI defeated Kamla Devi of Congress in 1985. Rameshwar Singh of CPI defeated Sidhweshar Prasad Singh of Congress (I) in 1980. Suryanarayan Singh of CPI defeated Kapil Dev Singh of [[Janata Party]] in 1977.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S04/partycomp106.htm |title = 106 - Barauni Assembly Constituency |work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 |publisher = Election Commission of India |access-date = 2011-03-30 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120425122516/http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S04/partycomp106.htm |archive-date = 25 April 2012 |url-status = dead }}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Bihar}}<br />
{{Munger Division topics}}<br />
{{coords|25.47|85.99|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Bihar]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Begusarai district]]<br />
[[Category:Barauni]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1972]]<br />
[[Category:1972 establishments in Bihar]]<br />
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2010]]<br />
[[Category:2010 disestablishments in India]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dola_pratha&diff=497515Dola pratha2026-04-11T13:28:29Z<p>KatherinSteger: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Practice of droit du seigneur in India}}<br />
'''Dola pratha''' is a practice of ''[[droit du seigneur]]'' in India that pushed the new bride to spend her first night with the [[zamindar]].<ref name="m313">{{cite book | last=Bhatia | first=Bela | title=India's Forgotten Country: A View from the Margins | publisher=Penguin Random House India Private Limited | date=2024-05-30 | isbn=978-93-5708-420-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ic4KEQAAQBAJ&pg=PT247 | page=247}}</ref><br />
<br />
The accurate period of origin of "Dola pratha" can't be ascertained due to lack of records, but it became a part of "cultural practice", and the landed classes made it their privilege, leading to sexual exploitation of the Shudra girls. In this custom, the newly wed Shudra bride is forced to spend her first night with her local landlord. The word "Dola" literally means ''[[Palanquin]]''. The origin of "Dola custom" is traced back to the legend of ''Mahteen Mata''. The existence of a temple of Mahteen Mata in the [[Shahabad district]] of Bihar, is testimonial to the existence of this custom.<ref name="Srivastava"/><br />
<br />
The story of Mahteen Mata or ''Ragmati'' has two different versions, while one is [[Sanskrit]]ic version, the other is Shudra version. According to Sanskritic version of the folklore, a landlord named Ranpal Singh [[raped]] Ragmati, a newly wed bride, when her ''Palanquin'' was passing through his [[fiefdom]]. The poor Ragmati couldn't tolerate the loss of her "dignity", and subsequently committed [[suicide]]. The suicide led to tension and in order to avoid punishment, Ranpal Singh spread a false story, that when he was about to touch the women, her body glared and she left for [[heaven]]. Thus, according to him, she was a not an ordinary women but a [[deity]].<ref name="Srivastava">{{cite journal |last1=Srivastava |first1=Sumit S. |title=Violence and Shudra Women's Resistance in Rural Bihar |journal=Indian Anthropologist |date=2007 |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=31–44 |jstor=41920038 |issn=0970-0927}}The most glaring form of traditional 'ritually' sanctioned form manifests in Dola Pratha. It is difficult to ascertain the birth and origin of such a practice as it existed as far back as 'Shudra memory' can recall back. Dola literally means palanquin which is used to carry newly wed bride to her husband's house/village. Due to oppressive caste system coupled with economic exploitation, the landed gentry took it as their birth right.<br />
There are two different versions of Mahteen Mai (Maheshwar, 1997:35-39). The 'Sanskritic' version says that the local landlord of Shahabad, Ranpal Singh raped a newly wed Ragmati when her Dola was passing through his area. Her subsequent suicide led to tension. in the area. To avoid further troubles, Ranpal Singh spread the story that before he could lay hands on her, she glowed and left for heaven. Thus she was not an ordinary women but a deity.</ref><br />
<br />
The Shudra version of the story, however, argue that Ranpal was habitual of raping the Shudra women and molestation the poor Shudra women was also common for him. Hence, this version contests the story shared by Ranpal. Off late, the sexual availability of the Shudra girls to the landed upper-caste became possible not only through the cultural practices like ''Dola Pratha'', but also by the dominance enjoyed by these caste groups in the rural economic structure. It has been noted that the landed gentry often [[rape]] and molest the Shudra women during the festivals like [[Holi]].<ref name="Srivastava"/><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Further reading==<br />
*{{cite web | title=महथिन माई जिन्होंने डोला प्रथा के खिलाफ लड़ी जंग, लोग मानते मां दुर्गा का अवतार, 3500 साल पुराना है इतिहास | website=News18 हिंदी | date=2023-10-16 | url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/dharm/mahthin-mai-who-fought-against-dola-pratha-people-consider-her-to-be-the-incarnation-of-maa-durga-7752797.html | language=hi }}<br />
*{{cite web | title=मिथक से परे : बहुजन महिलाओं के विद्रोह का प्रतीक हैं सती स्थान | website=The Caravan | date=2022-05-13 | url=https://caravanmagazine.in/history/sati-sthan-as-symbol-of-bahujan-resistance}}<br />
*{{cite web | last=Bharat | first=ETV | title=चलो रे डोली उठाओ कहार... विलुप्त होती 'डोली प्रथा' का बिहार से है गहरा नाता, भूल गए लोग | website=ETV Bharat News | date=2021-12-14 | url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hindi/bihar/state/patna/doli-system-is-ending-in-bihar-kahar-became-unemployed-in-patna/bh20211214125653327 | language=hi}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Women's rights in India]]<br />
[[Category:Violence against women in India]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghulam_Nabi_Kashmiri&diff=500460Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri2026-04-09T05:43:51Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created basic info first draft.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian Islamic scholar (1965–2019)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| honorific_prefix = Bahr al-Uloom<br />
| name = Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri<br />
| image = Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri.jpg<br />
| caption =<br />
| birth_place = [[Poonch district, India|Poonch]], Jammu and Kashmir<br />
| birth_date = 2 July 1965<br />
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2019|11|7|1965|7|2|df=y}}<br />
| death_place =<br />
| resting_place = [[Mazar-e-Qasmi]]<br />
| alma_mater = {{Bulleted list|[[Darul Uloom Deoband]]|[[Darul Uloom Waqf]]|[[Aligarh Muslim University]]|[[Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University]]}}<br />
| module = {{Infobox religious biography<br />
| embed = yes<br />
| main_interests = [[Hadith]]<br />
| notable_ideas = <br />
| movement = [[Deobandi]]<br />
| jurisprudence = [[Hanafi]]<br />
| denomination = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]<br />
| relatives = <br />
| teachers = {{Bulleted list|[[Anzar Shah Kashmiri]]|[[Muhammad Salim Qasmi]]}}<br />
| influenced = <br />
| notable_works = ''Hayat-e-Tayyib''<br />
}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri''' (2 July 1965 – 7 November 2019) was a [[Kashmir|Kashmiri]] Muslim scholar and jurist of the [[Hanafi school]] who served as the senior professor of [[hadith]] at [[Darul Uloom Waqf]]. He also taught hadith at Jamia Ziya al-Uloom and Jamiat al-Tayyibat in [[Poonch district, India|Poonch]]. He was among the early graduates of Darul Uloom Waqf and authored books such as ''Hayat-e-Tayyib'', a biography of [[Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi]].<br />
<br />
== Early life and education ==<br />
Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri born on 2 July 1965 in [[Poonch district, India|Poonch]], Jammu and Kashmir.{{Sfn|Nasiri|2020|p=137}} He received primary education at his native place, and joined [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] for higher education.{{Sfn|Nazir Ahmad Qasmi|2020|p=172}} Subject to administrative disputes at the Deoband seminary,{{Sfn|Nazir Ahmad Qasmi|2020|p=173}} he moved to newly established [[Darul Uloom Waqf]], from where he graduated in the traditional [[dars-e-nizami]] in 1983. He was among its early graduates.{{Sfn|Qasmi|2020|p=84}} He received an [[Master of Arts|M.A]] in Arabic language from [[Aligarh Muslim University]] and an M.A in Urdu language from [[Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University]].{{Sfn|Qasmi|2020|p=84}} His teachers included [[Anzar Shah Kashmiri]] and [[Muhammad Salim Qasmi]].{{Sfn|Nazir Ahmad Qasmi|2020|p=180}}<br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
Kashmiri was appointed as teacher in [[Darul Uloom Waqf]] in 1985.{{Sfn|Nasiri|2020|p=137}} He remained on this post until 2017 and taught books such as ''Ibn Majah'', ''Abu Dawud'', ''Sunan Tirmidhi'', and several books of jurisprudence.{{Sfn|Nasiri|2020|p=137}} He moved to Darul Uloom Zakariya where he was appointed senior professor of hadith, however, he came back to Waqf seminary right after a year.{{Sfn|Nasiri|2020|p=137}} During his last days, he moved to his native place in Poonch and became the senior professor of hadith at Jamia Ziya al-Uloom and Jamiat al-Tayyibat.{{Sfn|Nasiri|2020|p=137}} He also served briefly at the [[University of Kashmir]] as a lecturer.{{Sfn|Nasiri|2020|p=138}} His students included [[Faizul Waheed]].{{Sfn|Waheed|2020|p=187}}<br />
<br />
== Literary works ==<br />
Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri's books include:<ref>{{Cite news |last=Qasmi |first=Abdul Mannan |date=2019 |title=بحر العلوم مولانا غلام نبی کشمیری کی رحلت پوری علمی دنیا کے لٸے عظیم خسارہ |work=Sadaewaqt |url=https://www.sadaewaqt.com/2019/11/blog-post_43.html?m=1}}</ref><br />
*''Akhlaqiat ka islami tasawwur''<br />
*''Barah Mahino'n ki barah taqreerein''<br />
*''At Taliqaat ala Tanzeemul ashtat (Guide of Mishkat Shareef)''<br />
*''Tasheel al-Mutanabbi (Guide of Deewan-e-Mutanabbi)''<br />
*''Faizul Imamein (Guide of Jalalein Shareef)''<br />
*''Hayat-e-Tayyib (2 Volume biography of Qari Muhammad Tayyib)''<br />
*''Nawa-i-Qalam''<br />
*''Liberalism aur Islam''<br />
*''Dawat-O-Tableegh ki Ehemiyat''<br />
<br />
== Death and legacy ==<br />
Kashmiri went to Deoband after teaching the last lesson on ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' in Jamia Zia-ul-Uloom Poonch. He had been suffering from stomach cancer for about 3 years. He died on 7 November 2019 in Delhi. After Isha prayer, Kashmiri's [[Funeral prayer (Islam)|funeral prayers]] were offered in the premises of Molsari in Darul Uloom Deoband. [[Muhammad Sufyan Qasmi]] (rector Darul Uloom Waqf Deoband) led this funeral prayer. He was buried at [[Mazar-e-Qasmi]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Qasmi |first=Shakaib |date=December 2019 |title=Bahr al-Uloom Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri |journal=Nida-e-Darul Uloom |publisher=Darul Uloom Waqf Deoband |pages=63}}</ref><br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[List of Deobandis]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
===Citations===<br />
{{Reflist|2}}<br />
<br />
===Bibliography===<br />
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite book |author-last=Nasiri |author-first=Fuzail Ahmad |authorlink= Fuzail Ahmad Nasiri |editor1-last=Rahmani |editor1-first=Shamshad |editor2-last=Qasmi |editor2-first=Sikander |title=Tadhkirah Mawlana Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri |date=February 2020 |publisher=Maktaba Raazi |location=Deoband |pages=136–142 |language=ur |contribution=YadoN ke Charagh FarozaN hi Rahenge!}}<br />
* {{cite book |author-last=Qasmi |author-first=Amanat Ali |editor1-last=Rahmani |editor1-first=Shamshad |editor2-last=Qasmi |editor2-first=Sikander |title=Tadhkirah Mawlana Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri |date=February 2020 |publisher=Maktaba Raazi |location=Deoband |pages=84–89 |language=ur |contribution=Gulistan-i Waadi-Lolab ka Taaza Ghulab!}}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Nazir Ahmad Qasmi |authorlink= Nazir Ahmad Qasmi|editor1-last=Rahmani |editor1-first=Shamshad |editor2-last=Qasmi |editor2-first=Sikander |title=Tadhkirah Mawlana Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri |date=February 2020 |publisher=Maktaba Raazi |location=Deoband |pages=171–182 |language=ur |contribution=Raftido- Le na Az Dil-e-Maa}}<br />
* {{cite book |author-last=Waheed |author-first=Faizul |authorlink= Faizul Waheed |editor1-last=Rahmani |editor1-first=Shamshad |editor2-last=Qasmi |editor2-first=Sikander |title=Tadhkirah Mawlana Ghulam Nabi Kashmiri |date=February 2020 |publisher=Maktaba Raazi |location=Deoband |pages=187–189 |language=ur |contribution=Ah! Hazrat Maulana Ghulam Nabi Qasmi bhi Chal Basey}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Wikiquote}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kashmiri, Ghulam Nabi}}<br />
[[Category:1965 births]]<br />
[[Category:2019 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]<br />
[[Category:Hanafi fiqh scholars]]<br />
[[Category:Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]<br />
[[Category:Deobandis]]<br />
[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Aligarh Muslim University alumni]]<br />
[[Category:People from Poonch District, India]]<br />
[[Category:Burials at Qasmi Cemetery]]<br />
[[Category:Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University alumni]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rekha_Harris&diff=530246Rekha Harris2026-04-02T06:14:03Z<p>KatherinSteger: created stub - done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian actress}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2013}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| image = Clicked in DP event.jpg<br />
| caption = <br />
| name = Rekha<br />
| birth_date = <br />
| birth_name = Sumathi Josephine<br />
| occupation = [[Actress]]<br />
| years_active = 1986–1996 <br/>2002–present<br />
| spouse = {{marriage |Harris Kottadath|1996}}<br />
| children = 1<br />
}}<br />
'''Sumathi Josephine''', better known by her [[stage name]] '''Rekha''', is an Indian actress who predominantly works in [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]] and [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam films]]. She also starred in a few [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and [[Kannada]] films.She was one of the contestants of ''[[Bigg Boss (Tamil season 4)|Bigg Boss Tamil Season 4]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-4-confirmed-list-of-contestants-of-this-season/photostory/78472662.cms |title=Bigg Boss Tamil 4 contestants name list with photos 2020: Confirmed list of contestants of Bigg boss Rekha |date=4 October 2020 |website=The Times of India |access-date=6 May 2021 |archive-date=7 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007200046/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-4-confirmed-list-of-contestants-of-this-season/photostory/78472662.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
She was introduced to the [[Tamil cinema]] with the film, ''[[Kadalora Kavithaigal]]'' (1986) directed by [[Bharathiraja]].<br />
<br />
Her notable works include ''[[Punnagai Mannan]]'' (1986), ''[[Enga Ooru Pattukaran]]'' (1987), ''[[En Bommukutty Ammavukku]]'' (1988), ''[[Puriyaadha Pudhir]]'' (1990) and ''[[Gunaa]]'' (1991).<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/actress-rekha-denies-her-daughter-entry-into-films/articleshow/62883499.cms |title=Actress Rekha denies her daughter entry into films |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=18 April 2021 |archive-date=25 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425111929/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/actress-rekha-denies-her-daughter-entry-into-films/articleshow/62883499.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> In Malayalam, ''[[Ramji Rao Speaking]]'' (1989), ''[[Aey Auto]]'' (1990) and ''[[In Harihar Nagar]]'' (1990) were also successful.<br />
<br />
She won the [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Malayalam]] for the film ''[[Dasharatham]]'' (1989).<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rekha-harris-reminisces-working-for-dasharatham/articleshow/83001469.cms |title=Rekha Harris reminisces working for 'Dasharatham' |website=[[The Times of India]] |date=27 May 2021 |access-date=12 October 2021 |archive-date=29 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029065559/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rekha-harris-reminisces-working-for-dasharatham/articleshow/83001469.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
After a few roles as a heroine, she started to act in character roles, such as sister-in-law and mother.<br />
<br />
In 2020, she is entering as a contestant in the reality show ''[[Bigg Boss (Tamil season 4)|Bigg Boss 4]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/actor-rekha-becomes-first-leave-bigg-boss-tamil-season-4-house-135665 |title=Actor Rekha becomes first to leave 'Bigg Boss' Tamil season 4 house |date=19 October 2020 |website=The News Minute |access-date=18 April 2021 |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613171429/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/actor-rekha-becomes-first-leave-bigg-boss-tamil-season-4-house-135665 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Personal life==<br />
Sumathi Josephine was born and brought up in [[Eramalloor]], [[Alappuzha district|Alappuzha]] [[Kerala]]. She married Harris Kottadath, a Malayali seafood exporter, in 1996. They have a daughter.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://astroulagam.com.my/entertainment/article/167904/bigg-boss-rekha-reveals-the-real-reason-for-not-allowing-her-daughter-to-join-cinema |title=Bigg Boss Rekha Reveals the Real Reason for Not Allowing Her Daughter to Join Cinema! &#124; Astro Ulagam |access-date=27 January 2021 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124193835/https://astroulagam.com.my/entertainment/article/167904/bigg-boss-rekha-reveals-the-real-reason-for-not-allowing-her-daughter-to-join-cinema |url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Filmography ==<br />
===Tamil===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|- style="background:#000;"<br />
! Year !! Film !! Role !! class=unsortable| Notes<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 1986 || ''[[Kadalora Kavithaigal]]'' || Jennifer || Debut film<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Punnagai Mannan]]'' || Ranjani ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Namma Ooru Nalla Ooru]]'' ||Seetha ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="14" | 1987 || ''[[Solvathellam Unmai (film)|Solvathellam Unmai]]'' || Rekha ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Megam Karuththirukku]]'' || Chithra ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Idhu Oru Thodar Kathai]]'' || Radha ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Enga Ooru Pattukaran]]'' || Kaveri ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Kavalan Avan Kovalan]]'' || Uma Chakravarthy ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Ini Oru Sudhanthiram]]'' || Kannamma||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Aankalai Nambathey]]'' || Soorya ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Veeran Veluthambi]]'' || Meghala ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Ninaive Oru Sangeetham]]'' || Sandhya ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Krishnan Vandhaan]]'' || Sumathi ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Ullam Kavarntha Kalvan]]'' || Geetha ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Meendum Mahaan'' || Julie ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Arul Tharum Ayyappan'' || Lakshmi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Chinnamanikkuyile'' || Unknown || Unreleased<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="11" | 1988 || ''[[Shenbagamae Shenbagamae]]'' ||Shenbagam ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Kaalaiyum Neeye Maalaiyum Neeye]]'' ||Shanthi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Makkal Aanaiyittal'' || Kamala ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Katha Nayagan (1988 film)|Katha Nayagan]]'' || Radha||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Raasave Unnai Nambi]]'' || Ranjitham || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[En Bommukutty Ammavukku]]'' || Mercy ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Naan Sonnathey Sattam]]'' || Aasha ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Kazhugumalai Kallan]]'' ||- ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Thambi Thanga Kambi]]'' || Uma ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Mappillai Sir]]'' || Uma ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Dhayam Onnu'' || Shanthi ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="9" | 1989 || ''[[En Purushanthaan Enakku Mattumthaan]]'' || Vatsala ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Pillaikkaga]]'' ||Kannamma ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Moodu Manthiram'' ||Kalpana ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Thangamana Purushan'' || Sumalatha||<br />
|-<br />
|''Thaya Tharama'' || Uma ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Kutravali'' || Radha ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Kakka Kadi'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Thalaivanukkor Thalaivi'' || Thenmozhi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Idhaya Geetham'' || Divya ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" | 1990 || ''[[Paattukku Naan Adimai]]'' ||Sandhya ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Varavu Nalla Uravu]]'' ||Uma ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Sigappu Nirathil Chinnappoo]]'' || Kasturi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Vedikkai En Vadikkai]]'' || Neelaveni ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Puriyaadha Pudhir]]'' || Geetha Chakravarthi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Thiyagu (film)|Thiyagu]]'' ||Vidhya ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Nangal Puthiyavargal]]'' || Bharathi ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" | 1991 || ''[[Sigaram]]'' || Sukanya ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Irumbu Pookkal]]'' || Pavunnu || Guest Appearance<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Nallathai Naadu Kekum]]'' || Radha || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Vaidehi Kalyanam]]'' || Vasanthi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Paattondru Ketten]]'' || Usha||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Gunaa]]'' || Rosie ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Sirai Kadhavugal'' || Durga|| <br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="9" | 1992 || ''[[Enga Veetu Velan]]'' || Kalyani||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Idhuthanda Sattam]]'' || Lakshmi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Annaamalai]]'' || Shanthi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[David Uncle]]'' || Malathi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Annan Ennada Thambi Ennada]]'' || Priyanka||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Thirumathi Palanisamy]]'' || Jyothi|| Guest Appearance<br />
|-<br />
|''Vasantha Malargal'' || Daisy ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Palaivana Raagangal'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Harihara Puthiran'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 1994 || ''[[Rasa Magan]]'' || Chellachamy's wife || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Vaa Magale Vaa]]'' || Kalyani || <br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" | 1996 || ''[[Kaalam Maari Pochu (1996 film)|Kaalam Maari Pochu]]'' || Lakshmi || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Krishna (1996 Tamil film)|Krishna]]'' || Anandhi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Gnanapazham]]'' || Professor Nirmala || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Priyam (1996 film)|Priyam]]'' || Aunty || <br />
|-<br />
|2002 || ''[[Roja Kootam]]'' || Bhumika's mom, inspector || Comeback film after her marriage<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" | 2003 || ''[[Anbu (2003 film)|Anbu]]'' || Veena's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Kadhal Sadugudu]]'' || Kausalya's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Villain (2002 film)|Villain]]'' || Rajalakshmi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Vikatan]]'' || Ramu's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2004 || ''[[Kovil (film)|Kovil]]'' || Angel's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Arul (film)|Arul]]'' ||Ganapathy's wife||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2005 || ''[[Aadum Koothu]]''||Manimekhala's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Anbe Vaa (2005 film)|Anbe Vaa]]'' || Karthik's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Priyasakhi]]'' ||Judge||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2006 || ''[[Madhu (2006 film)|Madhu]]'' ||Jennifer ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Amirtham]]'' || Pasupathi Pillai's wife ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Thodamaley'' || Narmada ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|2007|| ''[[Pokkiri]]''||Mrs. Mohammed Maideen Khan ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Malaikottai]]''||Malar's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2008 || ''[[Dasavathaaram]]'' || Meenakshi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Inba (film)|Inba]]'' || Priya's sister in law ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Pazhani (2008 film)|Pazhani]]'' ||Poovathal (Pazhanivel's mother)||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2009|| ''Madhavi''||Lakshmi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Adada Enna Azhagu'' ||Vasan's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="5" | 2010 ||''[[Thairiyam]]'' || Kumaran's mother||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Thambi Arjuna]]'' || Radhika's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Uthamaputhiran (2010 film)|Uthama Puthiran]]'' || Meenakshi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Indrasena'' ||- ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Ilamai Itho Itho'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2011 || ''[[Marudhavelu]]'' || Vidhya Venugopalan's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2013 || ''[[Thalaivaa]]'' || Ganga Ramadurai || Guest Appearance <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Ya Ya (film)|Ya Ya]]'' || Ramarajan's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Sibi'' || Lakshmi ||<br />
|-<br />
|2014|| ''Vazhum Dheivam''|| |Durga||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" | 2015 || ''[[Rombha Nallavan Da Nee]]'' || A. SowmiyaKannan - IPS ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Achaaram]]'' || Suriya's mother || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Sakalakala Vallavan (2015 film)|Sakalakala Vallavan]]'' || Meenakshi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Maanga (film)|Maanga]]'' || Samyuktha ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2016 || ''[[Bangalore Naatkal]]'' || Sarah's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Sowkarpettai]]'' || Shakthi's / Vetri's mother || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Vellikizhamai 13am Thethi]]'' || Saravanan's mother || <br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2017 || ''[[Muthuramalingam]]'' || Ashok Pandian's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[En Aaloda Seruppa Kaanom]]'' || Sandhya's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="5" | 2018 || ''[[Kinar (film)|Keni]]'' ||Judge || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Diya (film)|Diya]]'' || Thulasi' mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Goli Soda 2]]'' ||Seetha Kumari || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Pyaar Prema Kaadhal]]'' || Sree's mother || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Antony (2018 film)|Antony]]'' || Antony's mother|| <br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2019 || ''[[Dharmaprabhu]]'' || Ayyo ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[100% Kadhal]]'' || Aruna || <br />
|-<br />
| 2020 || ''[[Dagaalty]]'' || Malli's mother||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" | 2021 || ''Chidambaram Railwaygate'' || Thillaiamma ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Pei Mama]]'' || Jothi || <br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Raajavamsam]]'' || Rani || <br />
|-<br />
|''[[Plan Panni Pannanum]]'' || Ambal's mother || <br />
|-<br />
| 2023 || ''[[Miriam Maa]]'' || Miriam ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2026 || ''[[Sandakkari]]'' || || Unreleased film<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=14 July 2019 |title=It is Shriya for Vemal in Sandakkari |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/140719/it-is-shriya-for-vemal-in-sandakkari.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818190155/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/140719/it-is-shriya-for-vemal-in-sandakkari.html |archive-date=18 August 2019 |access-date=3 February 2026 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Malayalam===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|- style="background:#000;"<br />
! Year !! Title !! Role !! class=unsortable| Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 1989 || ''[[Ramji Rao Speaking]]'' || Rani||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="8" | 1990 || ''[[Dasharatham]]'' || Annie || Winner: [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Malayalam]]<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Oliyambukal]]'' || Usha ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Arhatha]]'' || Anju ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Aey Auto]]'' || Meenakshi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Randam Varavu]]'' || Indu Jayakumar ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[In Harihar Nagar]]'' || Annie Philip/Sr Josephine ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Lal Salam (1990 film)|Lal Salam]]'' || Stella ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Pavam Pavam Rajakumaran]]'' || Radhika ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="6" | 1991 || ''[[Sundarikakka]]'' ||Princy John ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Swanthwanam]]'' ||Gayathri ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Pookkalam Varavayi]]'' || Nirmala ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Kizhakkunarum Pakshi]]'' || Meera ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Adayalam]]'' || Latha ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Nettippattom|Nettipattom]]'' || Indu ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 1992 || ''[[Vasudha]]'' || Vasudha ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Grihapravsam]]'' || Radhika ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="5" | 1993 || ''[[Janam (1993 film)|Janam]]'' || Gomathiyamma ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Sarovaram (film)|Sarovaram]]'' ||Devu ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Yaadhavam]]'' ||Jayanthi||<br />
|-<br />
|''Pamaram'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Kudumbasneham'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 1994 || ''Bheeshmacharya'' || Shanthi ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Manathe Vellitheru]]'' || Julie ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Harichandanam'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 1995 || ''Kidilol Kidilam'' || Raji ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Thakshashila]]'' || Lakshmi||<br />
|-<br />
|''Mumpe Parakkunna Pakshi'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 1997 || ''[[Sankeerthanam Pole]]'' ||Joyamma ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Poonilamazha]]'' ||Leena||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="1" | 2005 || ''[[Naran (film)|Naran]]'' || Sunanda ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" | 2006 || ''[[Chinthamani Kolacase]]'' || Lal Krishna's sister ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Pachakuthira]]'' || Akash's foster mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Prajapathi]]'' || Narayanan's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''Jayam'' || Bhanumathi ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2007 || ''[[Veeralipattu (2007 film)|Veeralipattu]]'' ||Gayathri ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Avan Chandiyude Makan]]'' || Ealikutty ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Nagaram (2007 film)|Nagaram]]'' || Mayor Sreelatha Varma ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2008 || ''Chandranilekkoru Vazhi'' || Sulochana Kumaran ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2009 || ''[[Vairam: Fight for Justice]]'' || Dr. Susan ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Ivar Vivahitharayal]]'' || Adv. Nandini ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[2 Harihar Nagar]]'' || Annie Philip/Sr. Josephine ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2010 || ''[[Kadaksham]]'' ||Rosamma ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2012 || ''[[My Boss]]'' || Priya's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Asuravithu (2012 film)|Asuravithu]]'' || Sara Shaikh Muhammed||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[No. 66 Madhura Bus]]'' || Subhadra ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2013 || ''[[Annum Innum Ennum]]'' || Indu ||<br />
|-<br />
|''3G Third Generation'' || Manu's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2014 || ''[[Bangalore Days]]'' || Sarah's mother ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2015 || ''My God'' || -||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Jo and the Boy]]'' || Catherine ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2016 || ''PachakKallam'' || Viswanathan's wife ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2017 || ''Vedham'' || Nirmala Devi ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2019 || ''[[Edakkad Battalion 06]]'' || Surayya ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Native |first=Digital |date=2019-06-19 |title=Rekha to play Tovino's mom in 'Edakkad Battalion 06' |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/rekha-play-tovino-s-mom-edakkad-battalion-06-103893 |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2021 || ''[[Kunjeldho]]'' || Kunjeldho's mother ||<ref>{{Cite web |title='Kunjeldho' movie review: Romance is timeless, gets more intense over the ages |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/2021/12/23/asif-ali-starrer-kunjeldho-movie-review.html |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Onmanorama}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2022 || ''[[Dear Friend (2022 film)|Dear Friend]]'' || Vijayakumari Viswanathan ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2024 || ''[[Guruvayoor Ambalanadayil]]'' ||Raji ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guruvayoor Ambala Nadayil first look out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/jan/16/guruvayoor-ambala-nadayil-first-look-out-51281.html |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=16 January 2024 |language=en |archive-date=16 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116200155/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/jan/16/guruvayoor-ambala-nadayil-first-look-out-51281.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2025||''Randam Yaamam''||Savithri ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=രണ്ടാം യാമവുമായി നേമം പുഷ്പരാജ്, നായികയായി സ്വാസിക |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/randam-yamam-swasika-new-movie-1.9261228 |access-date=2025-02-19 |website=Mathrubhumi News}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Telugu===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|- style="background:#000;"<br />
! Year !! Film !! Role !! class=unsortable| Notes<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 1989|| ''[[Rudranetra]]'' || Swarnarekha ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Bala Gopaludu]]'' ||Khantham||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 1991|| ''[[Minor Raja]]'' ||Seeta|| <br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Sarpayagam]]'' || Santhi ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Teneteega]]'' || Aparna ||<br />
|-<br />
| 1993 || ''[[Kondapalli Raja]]'' || Shanthi ||<br />
|-<br />
| 1995|| ''Muddayi Muddugumma'' || Shobha ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2008 || ''[[Veedu Mamoolodu Kadu]]'' || Lakshmi ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2012 || ''[[Money Money, More Money]]'' || Geetha Maadhuri || <br />
|-<br />
| 2018|| ''[[Diya (film)|Kanam]]'' || Thulasi's mother||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Kannada===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|- style="background:#000;"<br />
! Year !! Film !! Role !! class=unsortable| Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 1987 || ''[[Poornachandra]]'' || Kumuda ||<br />
|-<br />
| 1992 || ''[[Nanna Shathru]]'' || Asha || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Television==<br />
===Serials===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Year<br />
! Serial<br />
! Role<br />
! Channel<br />
! Language<br />
|-<br />
|1996||''Sudigundalu''||Gayathri||[[ETV (Telugu)|ETV]]||[[Telugu (language)|Telugu]]<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"| 2000||''Micro Thodar Macro Sinthanaigal - Oru Kadayin Sila Kilai Kadaigal''|| ||rowspan="2"| [[Raj TV]]||rowspan="2"| [[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]<br />
|-<br />
|''Micro Thodargal Macro Sinthanaigal - Savukkadi''|| Devanai<br />
|-<br />
|2001–2004||''Ninne Pelladatha''|| Seetha||[[Gemini TV]]||[[Telugu (language)|Telugu]]<br />
|-<br />
|2003||''Velan''|| ||[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||rowspan="2"| [[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]<br />
|-<br />
|2006–2009||''[[Kana Kaanum Kaalangal]]''||Lakshmi||[[Star Vijay|Vijay TV]]<br />
|-<br />
|2006||''Neelakkurinju Veendum Pookkunnu''|| ||[[Surya TV]]||rowspan="2"| [[Malayalam]]<br />
|-<br />
|2007||''Mandharam''||Aparna||[[Kairali TV]]<br />
|-<br />
|2021||''[[Baakiyalakshmi]]''||Herself||rowspan="2"| [[Star Vijay]]||rowspan="3"| [[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]<br />
|-<br />
|2022–2023||''[[Bharathi Kannamma (2019 TV series)|Bharathi Kannamma]]''||Sharmila<br />
|-<br />
|2024||''[[My Perfectt Husband]]''||Bharathi ||[[Disney+ Hotstar]]<br />
|-<br />
|2024||''[[Kanyadanam (Malayalam TV series)|Kanyadanam]]''||Rathnaprabha||[[Surya TV]]||[[Malayalam]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Shows===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Year<br />
! Title<br />
! Role<br />
! Channel<br />
! Language<br />
|-<br />
|2010||''Rani Maharani''||[[Surya TV]]||Participant||[[Malayalam]]<br />
|-<br />
|2011–2012||''Comedy Festival Season 1''||[[Mazhavil Manorama]]||rowspan=2|Judge||rowspan=8|[[Malayalam]]<br />
|-<br />
|2012||''Nakshathradeepangal''||[[Kairali TV]]<br />
|-<br />
|2014||''[[Badai Bungalow]]''||[[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]||Guest<br />
|-<br />
|2016||''Comedy Super Nite''||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]||Guest<br />
|-<br />
|2016–2017||''Malayali Veetamma''||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]||Judge<br />
|-<br />
|2017||''[[Onnum Onnum Moonu]]''||[[Mazhavil Manorama]]||Guest<br />
|-<br />
|2017||''[[Lal Salam (TV series)|Lal Salam]]''||[[Amrita TV]]||Guest<br />
|-<br />
|2018||''Urvashi Theatres''||[[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]||Mentor<br />
|-<br />
|2018||''[[Vanakkam Tamizha]]''||[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||Guest||rowspan=5|[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]<br />
|-<br />
|2019–2020||''[[Cooku with Comali]]''||rowspan=4|[[Star Vijay]]||rowspan=2|Contestant<br />
|-<br />
|2020||''[[Bigg Boss (Tamil season 4)|Bigg Boss 4]]''<br />
|-<br />
|2021||''Bigg Boss Kondattam'' ||Guest<br />
|-<br />
|2021||''[[Cooku with Comali (season 2)]]'' ||Guest<br />
|-<br />
|2021||''Red Carpet''||[[Amrita TV]]||Mentor||rowspan=4|[[Malayalam]]<br />
|-<br />
|2022||''[[Top Singer (TV series)|Top Singer season 2]]''||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]|| Judge<br />
|-<br />
|2022||''Comedy Stars Season 3 ''||[[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]||Judge<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Awards==<br />
<br />
* [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Malayalam]] - ''[[Dasharatham]]'' <ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/37th_annual_-filmfare_-awards_south_winners |title=37th Annual Filmfare Awards South winners |date=22 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_JZZAAAAMAAJ&q=Karthik+Rekha |title=Vidura |date=22 August 1990 |publisher=C. Sarkar. |via=Google Books |access-date=24 November 2021 |archive-date=3 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203085352/https://books.google.com/books?id=_JZZAAAAMAAJ&q=Karthik+Rekha |url-status=live }}</ref> <br />
*[[Kalaimamani|Kalaimamani Award by Tamil Nadu Government]]{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-07-02 |title=When Rekha concluded the 'Punnagai Manna' kiss controversy, saying "I didn't expect any apology to come from anyone"- massive throwback |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/when-rekha-concluded-the-punnagai-manna-kiss-controversy-saying-i-didnt-expect-any-apology-to-come-from-anyone-massive-throwback/articleshow/111434675.cms |access-date=2024-11-29 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb name|9969854|Rekha}}<br />
<br />
{{FilmfareMalayalamBestActress}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rekha}}<br />
[[Category:Actresses from Alappuzha]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:People from Nilgiris district]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian actresses]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam television]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil television actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Kannada cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil television]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu television]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br />
[[Category:Cooku with Comali contestants]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_(film)&diff=458224New (film)2026-03-27T04:28:21Z<p>KatherinSteger: improve information also and corrected details</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|2004 film by S. J. Surya}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| image = New (film).jpg<br />
| caption = VCD cover<br />
| director = [[S. J. Suryah]]<br />
| writer = S. J. Suryah<br />
| producer = S. J. Suryah<br />
| starring = S. J. Suryah<br />[[Simran (actress)|Simran]]<br />
| cinematography = [[K. V. Guhan]]<br />
| editing = [[Anthony (film editor)|Anthony]]<br />
| music = [[A. R. Rahman]]<br />
| studio = Annai Mary Madha Creations<br />
| released = {{film date|2004|7|9|df=y}}<br />
| runtime = 167 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Tamil<br />
}}<br />
'''''New''''' is a 2004 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[science fiction]] [[Sexual comedy|sex comedy]] film directed, written and produced by [[S. J. Suryah]], who also stars alongside [[Simran (actress)|Simran]]. [[Kiran Rathod]] and [[Devayani (actress)|Devayani]] play supporting roles. In the film, an 8-year-old child gets an experiment done on him that requires him to live as himself during the day and like a 28-year-old man at night. Chaos begins after he toggles between two roles simultaneously.<br />
<br />
''New'' was simultaneously shot in Telugu as ''[[Naani]]'' with [[Mahesh Babu]] and [[Ameesha Patel]], while [[Devayani (actress)|Devayani]] reprised her role in ''Naani''. The plot is adapted from the 1988 American film ''[[Big (film)|Big]]''. It was released on 9 July 2004.<br />
<br />
== Plot ==<br />
Eight-year-old Pappu always troubles his mother Indira and frequently gets scoldings due to his bed-wetting. Pappu's elder brother Kishore plans to watch a porno with his friends in his room. Pappu insists on joining them. When Kishore refuses and gets rid of him, Pappu cuts off the power out of anger, creating a short circuit at home. Indira scolds Pappu and shouts at her husband for not stopping with one child. Distraught, Pappu leaves to end his life near a river, but is stopped by a man who takes him to his home. The man is a scientist who has his own laboratory. He convinces Pappu to take a medicine invented by him which will transform a boy into a fully-grown man. Pappu agrees and turns into a young man. However, he still has the mind of a child. The only person other than the scientist who knows the truth is Pappu's classmate and friend, Deepak.<br />
<br />
Now an adult, Pappu goes for an interview in a toy manufacturing company under the name of Vichu. The owner interviewing him demands that he empathise with children to understand their taste. Since Vichu is a child, he gets the job easily. He meets the owner's daughter Priya, whom Vichu helped to her feet at an amusement park earlier. The two fall in love. Their intimacy makes Raj, another employee enamored with Priya, jealous. Vichu eventually learns that his mother is depressed and sick following Pappu's disappearance. She laments being so strict with him. After learning of her love for him, Vichu asks the scientist to revert him to his eight-year-old self. The scientist transforms Vichu into Pappu, who reconciles with his mother. However, at night, he turns back to Vichu, and rushes to the scientist, who does not know what went wrong.<br />
<br />
Pappu now lives as an eight-year-old boy during daytime and as a 28-year-old Vichu during the night. Priya expresses her love to him. Vichu tells her to love a man suitable for her age, but he reciprocates her love upon the scientist's coercion. One day, Priya asks him to accompany her to a matinee show, to which he rejects so she does not find out what is actually going on. Pappu's mother befriends Priya as they are neighbours. Priya likes Pappu, but is angered by Vichu's absence. After angrily hitting Vichu, she decides to marry him. Raj gets Vichu kidnapped on the day of marriage, but he changes to Pappu during the day. The kidnappers release him, thinking that they kidnapped a child by mistake. Pappu turns into Vichu and marries Priya that evening. Priya longs for a child, so they eventually have sex, which results in her becoming pregnant. Vichu/Pappu meets his mother and understands the difficulties of pregnancy, prompting him to take care of Priya with more affection.<br />
<br />
Deepak demands ice cream but Vichu refuses, having a tight schedule as a son, employee, and husband. Deepak gets angry and, while fighting with Priya, reveals that Vichu is Pappu. She is shocked that she is bearing the baby of a child. Priya blames Pappu for ruining her life and making her pregnant, during which he transforms to Vichu. He gets angry and reveals that he started to love her when she got pregnant and saw his mother in her. Priya goes into labour, and Vichu takes her to the hospital. En route, Vichu is stopped by Raj and his men, who seek revenge. Vichu fights them and admits her in a hospital. There, everyone learns the truth about Pappu, and Priya gives birth to his son while being upset on her fate of being a child's wife.<br />
<br />
Twenty years pass later, Pappu is an actual 28-year-old. He still is Priya's husband. He goes inside his room as a young man and comes out as the 48-year-old Vichu. His son is a 20-year-old who looks like him. Vichu contacts the scientist to see if he found a remedy for his transformation. The scientist replies that he did not.<br />
<br />
== Cast ==<br />
<br />
{{cast listing|<br />
* [[S. J. Suryah]] in a [[dual role]] as <br />
**Pappu (Viswanath alias Vichu) <br />
***Master Parth Dave as Pappu (child)<br />
**Pappu's son (cameo appearance)<br />
* [[Simran (actress)|Simran]] as Priya <br />
* [[Kiran Rathod]] as Sivagami<br />
* [[Devayani (actress)|Devayani]] as Indira, Pappu's mother<br />
* [[Aishwariyaa Bhaskaran|Aishwarya]] as Seema, Priya's friend<br />
* [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]] as Priya's father<br />
* [[Manivannan]] as Scientist aka Science<br />
* [[Karunas]] as Vishwanath aka X<br />
* [[Janagaraj]] as Doctor<br />
* [[Brahmanandam]] as Sathyam <br />
* [[Ali (actor)|Ali]] as Siruthai<br />
* Master Akhilesh as Deepak, Pappu's classmate friend<br />
* Rajkumar as Raj, Sathyam's son<br />
* Sanjay Swaroop as Pappu's father<br />
* [[Madhan Bob]] as income tax officer<br />
* [[Dharmavarapu Subramanyam]] as police officer<br />
* Junior Relangi as police officer<br />
* [[Ravi Mariya]] as math professor (cameo appearance)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
Suryah began pre-production work on a third story titled ''New'' in early 2001, which he would also produce.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Madhavan is at once a jolly person and a tense person |url=http://cinematoday2.itgo.com/3Hot%20News%20Just%20U3.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324015242/http://cinematoday2.itgo.com/3Hot%20News%20Just%20U3.htm |archive-date=24 March 2012 |access-date=11 June 2013 |website=Cinematoday2.itgo.com}}</ref> Starring [[Ajith Kumar]] and [[Jyothika]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2019 |title=From 'Itihasam' to 'Mirattal': Check out 11 movies of Ajith that were shelved |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/galleries/entertainment/2019/Oct/16/from-itihasam-to-mirattal-check-out-11-movies-of-ajith-that-were-shelved-102591.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728020453/https://www.newindianexpress.com/galleries/entertainment/2019/oct/16/from-itihasam-to-mirattal-check-out-11-movies-of-ajith-that-were-shelved-102591.html |archive-date=28 July 2020 |access-date=5 December 2024 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> composer [[Deva (composer)|Deva]] had composed ten songs for the film by June 2001.<ref name="idle">{{Cite web |last=Jeevi |date=12 June 2001 |title=Interview with SJ Surya |url=http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/interview_sjsurya.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130702064646/http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/interview_sjsurya.html |archive-date=2 July 2013 |access-date=21 December 2017 |website=[[Idlebrain.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Simran |url=http://cinematoday3.itgo.com/Hotnews%20-%20020920021.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330205326/http://cinematoday3.itgo.com/Hotnews%20-%20020920021.htm |archive-date=30 March 2012 |access-date=11 June 2013 |website=Cinematoday3.itgo.com}}</ref> After Ajith Kumar had become busy with other commitments, Suryah decided to enact the lead role himself, revealing he had always wanted to be an actor.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2019 |title=From 'Itihasam' to 'Mirattal': Check out 11 movies of Ajith that were shelved |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/galleries/entertainment/2019/oct/16/from-itihasam-to-mirattal-check-out-11-movies-of-ajith-that-were-shelved-102591.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728020453/https://www.newindianexpress.com/galleries/entertainment/2019/oct/16/from-itihasam-to-mirattal-check-out-11-movies-of-ajith-that-were-shelved-102591.html |archive-date=28 July 2020 |access-date=27 July 2020 |website=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rasika |title=Facing the camera? |url=http://www.chennaionline.com/reeltalk/jan042.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060928053726/http://www.chennaionline.com/reeltalk/jan042.asp |archive-date=28 September 2006 |access-date=12 April 2024 |website=Chennai Online}}</ref> [[Simran (actress)|Simran]] took over as the lead actress, while [[Kiran Rathod|Kiran]] and [[Devayani (actress)|Devayani]] were cast in pivotal roles. A simultaneously shot Telugu version titled ''[[Naani]]'' featuring [[Mahesh Babu]] in the lead role was also made after Suryah felt that Babu would suit the character, and the Telugu version helped with finances.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannath |first=Malini |date=20 April 2004 |title=Director S J Surya |url=http://www.chennaionline.com/film/interviews/04surya.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016072542/http://www.chennaionline.com/film/interviews/04surya.asp |archive-date=16 October 2006 |access-date=12 April 2024 |website=Chennai Online}}</ref> Suryah noted that he was loosely inspired by the American film ''[[Big (film)|Big]]'' (1988). The film was shot in hundred days, with Suryah revealing he would often stop acting in between the scenes, when he knew that his performance was not up to his expectation as a director.<ref>{{Cite web |title='New' will be a trendsetter: S.J.Surya |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/tamil/interview.php?id=13441423&cid=2408 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040411020156/http://sify.com/movies/tamil/interview.php?id=13441423&cid=2408 |archive-date=11 April 2004 |access-date=18 January 2023 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Suryah noted that script-writing began in 2001, while production with the final cast began in 2002.<ref>{{Cite news |last=S.R. |first=Ashok Kumar |date=2 July 2004 |title=Here's something 'new' |url=http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/07/02/stories/2004070210070201.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110121341/http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/07/02/stories/2004070210070201.htm |archive-date=10 November 2012 |access-date=16 August 2011 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Soundtrack ==<br />
The soundtrack was composed by [[A. R. Rahman]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2004 |title=New |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/new/KxGkkucTYE0_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429032953/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/new/KxGkkucTYE0_ |archive-date=29 April 2023 |access-date=30 May 2023 |website=[[JioSaavn]]}}</ref> In an interview in 2001, Suryah stated that Deva had composed ten songs for the film, but he was later replaced by Rahman.<ref name="idle" /> The song "Thottal Poo Malarum" reuses lyrics from the song of the same name from ''[[Padagotti]]'' (1964), but the tune is completely new.<ref name="hindu review">{{Cite news |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=16 July 2004 |title=New |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2004/07/16/stories/2004071602120300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040820201348/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2004/07/16/stories/2004071602120300.htm |archive-date=20 August 2004 |access-date=16 August 2011 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> The audio was launched at Albert Theatre in Chennai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 April 2004 |title=NEW audio hit the market |url=http://movies.indiainfo.com/tamil/movienews/morenews137.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040608064157/http://movies.indiainfo.com/tamil/movienews/morenews137.html |archive-date=8 June 2004 |access-date=29 January 2025 |website=Indiainfo}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| headline = Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| total_length = 36:54<br />
| all_music = [[A. R. Rahman]]<br />
| title1 = New New<br />
| lyrics1 = [[Vairamuthu]], [[Blaaze]]<br />
| extra1 = [[Blaaze]], [[Sunitha Sarathy]], [[Vijay Prakash]], [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]]<br />
| length1 = 4:33<br />
| title3 = Sakkarai<br />
| lyrics3 = Vaali<br />
| extra3 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]<br />
| length3 = 5:53<br />
| title5 = Thottal Poo Malarum<br />
| lyrics5 = Vaalee<br />
| extra5 = [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]<br />
| length5 = 5:34<br />
| title4 = Kalayil Thinamum<br />
| lyrics4 = [[Vaali (poet)|Vaalee]]<br />
| extra4 = [[P. Unnikrishnan|Unnikrishnan]], [[Sadhana Sargam]]<br />
| length4 = 4:24<br />
| title2 = If You Wanna<br />
| lyrics2 = [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]]<br />
| extra2 = [[Chinmayi Sripada|Chinmayi]], [[Anupama (singer)|Anupama]], Aparna<br />
| length2 = 4:18<br />
| title7 = Spiderman<br />
| lyrics7 = Vairamuthu<br />
| extra7 = [[Kunal Ganjawala]], [[Sadhana Sargam]]<br />
| length7 = 5:59<br />
| title6 = Kumbakonam<br />
| lyrics6 = Vaalee<br />
| extra6 = [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Manikka Vinayagam]]<br />
| length6 = 6:12<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Critical reception ==<br />
<!-- https://web.archive.org/web/20031122150854/http://sify.com/entertainment/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=13212464 --><br />
Malathi Rangarajan from ''[[The Hindu]]'' claimed that "belonging to a genre that is rare to our cinema, "New" however, gets bogged down in a mire of duets and double entenders", but hinted at potential success citing that director "seems to have hit the bull's eye."<ref name="hindu review" /> Visual Dasan of ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' gave a negative review, criticising Suryah for ruining ''Big'' by adding vulgarity on the pretext of mother sentiment, while stating that [[Penny Marshall]], the director of ''Big'', would cry like [[M. R. Radha]] by seeing this adaptation.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=தாசன் |first=விசுவல் |date=25 July 2004 |title=நியூ |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki2004-07-25/page/n97/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230313054859/https://archive.org/details/kalki2004-07-25/page/n97/mode/2up |archive-date=13 March 2023 |access-date=13 March 2023 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=96 |language=Ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> Malini Mannath of ''Chennai Online'' wrote that "It's director Suriyah's third directorial venture after his highly successful 'Vali' and 'Khushi'. Wonder what made him rehash ''Big'' for his debut 'heroic' misadventure!"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannath |first=Malini |date=22 July 2004 |title=New |url=http://www.chennaionline.com/film/Moviereviews/tammov353.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061015212111/http://www.chennaionline.com/film/Moviereviews/tammov353.asp |archive-date=15 October 2006 |access-date=12 April 2024 |website=Chennai Online}}</ref> G. Ulaganathan of ''[[Deccan Herald]]'' wrote, "The director (Suryah himself ) has included the mother-son sentiment but Devayani as the mother is unable to portray a mother’s role to perfection. The film is full of double-meaning dialogues. Music by A R Rahman is nothing new and only one song&nbsp;— a remix of an old MGR number&nbsp;— is interesting. Cinematographer Guhan uses too many close-ups and it is irritating to say the least".<ref>{{cite web |last=Ulaganathan |first=G. |date=25 July 2004 |title=New |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/july252004/mr3.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041222040527/http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/july252004/mr3.asp |archive-date=22 December 2004 |access-date=22 March 2025 |website=[[Deccan Herald]]}}</ref> The film grossed {{INR}}1.12 crore from 120 screens on Day 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 August 2004 |title=Chennai Box Office |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=13536067&cid=13525926 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031122059/http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=13536067&cid=13525926 |archive-date=31 October 2013 |access-date=1 December 2016 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Controversies ==<br />
The film's adult theme generated controversy, and women activists in the state of [[Tamil Nadu]] demanded a ban on a film after release, which they say contained obscene scenes. Suryah responded by claiming that the scenes are there because the storyline requires them and described his film as "fiction laced with adult comedy".<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 July 2004 |title='Obscene' Tamil film angers women |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3935795.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130225824/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3935795.stm |archive-date=30 November 2021 |access-date=16 August 2011 |work=[[BBC News Online]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
In August 2005, the Madras High Court revoked the film's censor certificate and directed the Chennai Commissioner of Police to investigate two criminal complaints registered against Suryah. They ruled that the film did not provide a "clean and healthy entertainment" and that it would be failing in its duty if it did not revoke the censor certificate, claiming it originally attained an [[A certificate|"A" (adults only) certificate]] under "questionable circumstances". Suryah was arrested by city police on 22 August 2005 in connection with allegedly throwing a mobile phone at a woman censor board official in a fit of anger during the post-production of the film. According to the complainant, [[Vanathi Srinivasan]], Suryah was denied permission to add the "Kumbakonam" song to the film due to excessively obscene scenes and as a result he allegedly threw a mobile phone at her.<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 August 2005 |title=S.J. Surya arrested, released on bail |url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/08/24/stories/2005082416620300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022065219/http://hindu.com/2005/08/24/stories/2005082416620300.htm |archive-date=22 October 2007 |access-date=16 August 2011 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> He was later released without charge.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2005 |title=Tamil actor arrested, released on bail |url=http://in.rediff.com/news/2005/aug/23tamil.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928063019/http://in.rediff.com/news/2005/aug/23tamil.htm |archive-date=28 September 2012 |access-date=11 June 2013 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 2017, the Supreme Court ruled that the Madras High Court was wrong to order the revocation of the film's certification. The Supreme Court mentioned that "It is not for judges to make "piecemeal analysis" of a movie and apply their subjective views of life to revoke the censor certification issued to a film".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rajagopal |first=Krishnadas |date=19 December 2017 |title=Supreme Court sets aside HC order on revocation of censor certificate to Tamil film 'New' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/supreme-court-sets-aside-hc-order-on-revocation-of-censor-certificate-to-tamil-film-new/article21937984.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241205080204/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/supreme-court-sets-aside-hc-order-on-revocation-of-censor-certificate-to-tamil-film-new/article21937984.ece |archive-date=5 December 2024 |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title}}<br />
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}<br />
<br />
{{S. J. Suryah}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2000s pregnancy films]]<br />
[[Category:2000s science fiction comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:2000s sex comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:2004 Tamil-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2004 films]]<br />
[[Category:2004 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:2004 multilingual films]]<br />
[[Category:Films about rapid human age change]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by S. J. Suryah]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by A. R. Rahman]]<br />
[[Category:Indian multilingual films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian pregnancy films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian science fiction comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian sex comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:Obscenity controversies in film]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language science fiction comedy films]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tara_Deshpande&diff=469945Tara Deshpande2026-03-26T06:41:09Z<p>KatherinSteger: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian actress, writer and model (born December 1975)}}<br />
{{copy edit|date=February 2026}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Tara Deshpande<br />
| image = Tara Deshpande(1).jpg<br />
| image_size = <br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_date = <br />
| birth_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India<br />
| occupation = [[Actress]]<br />
| years_active = 1996{{ndash}}2002<br />
| known_for = <br />
| website = <br />
}}<br />
'''Tara Deshpande''' is an Indian actress,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Deshpande |first=Tara |date=2022-01-08 |title=Gerson Da Cunha told me theatre is a great education. I understand it now: Tara Deshpande |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/gerson-da-cunha-told-me-theatre-is-a-great-education-i-understand-it-now-tara-deshpande/798376/ |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> writer, former model and [[MTV (Indian TV channel)|MTV]] [[Video jockey|VJ]]. Tara hosted a show called ''Kab Kyon Kahaan'' on [[Zee TV]], along with Parth and then with Vinay Jain in the early 1990s. Before entering the world of movies she was a model and MTV VJ and a regular on the [[Mumbai]] stage. She played Begum Sumroo in [[Alyque Padamsee]]'s play of the same name. She appeared in several acclaimed films such as [[Sudhir Mishra]]'s ''[[Is Raat Ki Subah Nahin]]'' and [[Kaizad Gustad]]'s ''[[Bombay Boys]]''. Since her marriage to an American citizen and move to Boston in 2001, Tara divides her time between [[NYC]] and [[Mumbai]]. Her husband works in finance and is a graduate of [[Harvard Business School]]. Tara published her first book at the age of 23, ''Fifty and Done'' ([[HarperCollins]]). Her book, ''A Sense for Spice: Recipes and Stories from a Konkan Kitchen'' ([[Westland Books|Westland Publishers]]) was published in 2012 and ''Indian Sense of Salad'' in 2018.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tennebaum |first=Tara Deshpande |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eWeUswEACAAJ |title=Indian Sense of Salad |date=2018-01-29 |publisher=EBURY Press |isbn=978-0-14-344025-3 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Filmography ==<br />
<br />
=== Film ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!Year<br />
!Title<br />
!Role<br />
!Notes<br />
|-<br />
|1996<br />
|''[[Is Raat Ki Subah Nahin]]''<br />
|Pooja<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |1998<br />
|''[[Bada Din]]''<br />
|Nandini Shom<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Bombay Boys]]''<br />
|Dolly<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2000<br />
|''Tapish''<br />
|Namrata<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |2002<br />
|''[[Style (2001 film)|Style]]''<br />
|Nikki Malhotra<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Censor (2001 film)|Censor]]''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |2002<br />
|''[[Encounter: The Killing]]'' <br />
|Kiran Jaywant<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''Danger''<br />
|Unnati<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Television ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!Year<br />
!Title<br />
!Role<br />
!Notes<br />
|-<br />
|1992<br />
|''Kab Kyon Kahan''<br />
|Host<br />
|52 Episodes<br />
|-<br />
|1996<br />
|''Superhit Muqabla''<br />
|Anchor<br />
|Guest Anchor<br />
|-<br />
|1996<br />
|''MTV Roadshow''<br />
|Co-Host<br />
|Video Jockey<br />
|-<br />
|1996<br />
|''MTV Get A Voice''<br />
|Host<br />
|MTV Talk Show<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Tara has hosted the following digital series ==<br />
<br />
Start2Bake for India Food Network<br />
[https://www.indiafoodnetwork.in/foodstory/celebrate-the-month-of-love-with-start2bake-and-an-extra-special-set-of-classes-800950/]<br />
<br />
== Tara's Top 3: A show about her favorite foods in Mumbai ==<br />
<br />
∘ Chat Masala Tara chats with well known faces in the music, food and entertainment industry about their work and love of food.<br />
<br />
∘ Food Stories with Tara Deshpande. Tara discusses the history and background of various recipes<br />
<br />
∘ Nuska Kitchen Ka Tara provides kitchen tips and hacks<br />
<br />
∘ United States of Cooking Tara cooks vintage recipes from the US and discusses their history<br />
<br />
== Appearances as herself ==<br />
Apart from her work in television and films, Tara Deshpande has also appeared in many other shows as herself. She had appeared on the [[Movers & Shakers (TV series)|Movers and Shakers]] show with [[Shekhar Suman]] as a Guest star in episode 55. She has co-hosted many award shows, like the [[Filmfare Awards|Filmfare awards]] in 1998, 2000 and 2001. Tara appeared in the Bhoomi episodes on the [[DD Metro]] channel produced by [[Siddharth Kak]]. She was also featured on the WGHB World of Chocolate show produced by PBS and was seen on the [[Amul]] hoarding as the [[Amul girl]] in her eponymous role as Dolly in Bombay Boys.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boys will be Bombay boys - The Times of India |url=https://www.cscsarchive.org/MediaArchive/art.nsf/(docid)/F85FF7B4882D058465256941001E4B5B?OpenDocument |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=www.cscsarchive.org}}</ref><br />
<br />
Ms Deshpande appeared on the MasterMind quiz show hosted by [[Siddhartha Basu|Siddharth Basu]] as well as Zee TV quiz show with [[Sonu Nigam]] and [[Gul Panag]], [[Naseeruddin Shah]] hosted by [[Derek O'Brien (politician)|Derek O’Brien]].<br />
<br />
Tara has appeared as a speaker and commentator on numerous NDTV shows<br />
[https://x.com/ndtv/status/1925944044384850314?fbclid=IwY2xjawOD1rhleHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFBVXUyVGhOSldvZ0U0OVp6c3J0YwZhcHBfaWQQMjIyMDM5MTc4ODIwMDg5MgABHjHCSQk0GO-7pE6GuWrVb8W77wKsqQyTmQa6OTA60pNSqUpL7MS018DINz4g_aem_V6cHJ83YaYWYdRDpJG8hyA]<br />
<br />
Tara has been associated with many top brands Borosil, Godrej and Women's India Trust, Pantene Pro V Shampoo, Wipro Shikakai, Trikaya Foods, Raymonds, Camay Natures Basket and Amazon.<br />
<br />
== Web Series and OTT ==<br />
Tara Deshpande Filmfare co-host citation<br />
[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11973454/]<br />
<br />
Reviews of Bombay Boys<br />
[https://brightlightsfilm.com/boys-bollywood-kaizad-gustads-bombay-boys/]<br />
<br />
Taste of Home<br />
[https://www.tasteofhome.com/recipes/rubies-on-ice/]<br />
<br />
Chat masala link<br />
[https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1GiXYi5Mht/?mibextid=wwXIfr]<br />
<br />
Tara's Top 3<br />
[https://www.instagram.com/reel/DRMYBz5jaDI/?igsh=Nnk2NzBkbzZtaWQw]<br />
<br />
Food Stories with Tara Deshpande<br />
[https://www.instagram.com/reel/DQ62kTvE-Rh/?igsh=MWVxMjNwdHNicG84eg==]<br />
<br />
Nuska Kitchen Ka <br />
[https://www.instagram.com/reel/CzIRrnSIAXi/?igsh=eWl4eTVpa3hvamg3]<br />
<br />
United States of Cooking<br />
[https://www.instagram.com/reel/DLrZi6vSw61/?igsh=MTA2MWJkbHkwdmZ4bg==]<br />
<br />
Cooking from Scratch with Tara<br />
[https://www.instagram.com/reel/DQUPF2jE0CJ/?igsh=MWUzZWdtOTlmNzk5bA==]<br />
[https://www.instagram.com/reel/DQUPF2jE0CJ/?igsh=MWUzZWdtOTlmNzk5bA==]<br />
<br />
Link to sweet & savoury bakery citation<br />
[https://www.instagram.com/reel/DQI-4kxk1zr/?igsh=ZnhnZWRsbXlia3Fy]<br />
[https://www.instagram.com/reel/DPEXxMnE8tk/?igsh=MWw4eWJqanVwbmNpMA==]<br />
<br />
Reviews of Begum Sumroo<br />
[https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/story/19970804-begum-sumroo-promises-to-be-a-play-for-all-seasons-831855-1997-08-03]<br />
[https://m.rediff.com/movies/1998/mar/07tara.htm#:~:text=And%20that%20exhausting%2C%20exhaustive%20role%20as%20Begum,as%20easy%20as%20picking%20up%20a%20telephone.]<br />
<br />
== Theatre ==<br />
Tara Deshpande began her career on the professional stage at the age of 14. She was formally launched by [[Alyque Padamsee]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Begum Sumroo promises to be a play for all seasons |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/story/19970804-begum-sumroo-promises-to-be-a-play-for-all-seasons-831855-1997-08-03 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=India Today |date=4 August 1997 |language=en}}</ref> in the eponymous role of the historical figure [[Begum Sumroo]] in 1995. Among her other performances are [[BBC]] Council Productions of [[She Stoops To Conquer]] by Oliver Goldsmith Toprani productions, The Yours, Mine and Ours Show, and Peter Schaffer's Black Comedy. She trained under [[Marathi language|Marathi]] theatre legend Atmaram Bhende, [[Pearl Padamsee|Pearl Padamsee,]] and Shiraz Jefferies.<br />
<br />
== Politics, charities and social work ==<br />
Tara Deshpande is actively involved in many charities and vocal about various social issues. Some of the charities she is involved in include the [https://rotaryclubofbombay.org/ Rotary Club of Bombay], [[American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals|ASPCA]], PAL, Society for the Education of the Crippled, and Montana Horse Ranch Rescue. The [https://www.culinaryculture.co/ Culinary Culture] community had declared Tara Deshpande as a COVID warrior for her free meals program for those who didn't have access to food during [[COVID-19]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Culinary heroes of the pandemic |url=https://www.culinaryculture.co/eat/read/culinary-heroes/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
<br />
Tara has raised funds for Tsunami victims in association with the Boston Herald.<br />
She was awarded for her work at Talwada - a medical centre dedicated to providing free care to Adivasis and marginalized rural workers in 2020 by the Rotary.<br />
<br />
== Most recently ==<br />
<br />
Tara is the owner of Sweet & Savoury Bakery, a made to order food service in Mumbai.<br />
<br />
== Writer ==<br />
Tara Deshpande is the published author of several books. Fifty and Done a collection of short stories (1999 HarperCollins India), A Sense of Spice: Recipes and Stories from a Konkan Kitchen ( Westland) An Indian Sense of Salad ([[Penguin Books|Penguin]] 2018) and Chillies and Porridge (HarperCollins 2014). Her recipes and articles have appeared in [[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-14 |title=What happens when three food experts are tasked to cook responsibility without wasting |url=https://www.vogue.in/magazine-story/what-happens-when-three-food-experts-are-tasked-to-cook-responsibility-without-wasting/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Vogue India |language=en-IN}}</ref> [[NYTimes]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vegan Oven Roasted Pumpkin Wedges With Cranberry, Pecan and Chile Pesto Recipe |url=https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1017838-vegan-oven-roasted-pumpkin-wedges-with-cranberry-pecan-and-chile-pesto |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=NYT Cooking |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Boston Globe]], [[Indian Express]], and [[ThePrint|The Print]].<br />
<br />
Besides her charity work, Tara Deshpande has been a longtime supporter of [[LGBTQ people|LGBTQ]] rights and has been a jury member for Kashish 2018<ref>{{Cite web |title=MEET THE KASHISH 2018 JURY |url=https://mumbaiqueerfest.com/meet-kashish-2018-jury/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=KASHISH Mumbai International Queer Film Festival |language=en-US}}</ref>, a famous International Queer Film Festival in [[Mumbai]]. She is also a registered Democrat and served as co-chair of the South Asian Fundraising committee for [[Robert Reich]], former [[Secretary of Labor]], during his campaign for Governor in 2001<ref>{{Cite news |title=Robert B. Reich - Page 7 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/topic/person/robert-b-reich?page=7 |access-date=2024-01-02 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and was briefly part of the South Asian fundraising committee for [[John Kerry]] gubernatorial race in [[Massachusetts]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-13 |title=John Kerry {{!}} Biography & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Kerry |access-date=2024-01-15 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
Numerous articles on food history for India Food Network<br />
https://www.indiafoodnetwork.in/food-stories/bene-israel-lunch-zimra-israel<br />
<br />
=== Critical reception ===<br />
Deshpande received critical acclaim for her portrayal of [[Begum Sumroo]] in theatre productions. Reviews published in ''India Today'' and ''Rediff'' praised her performance for its intensity and depth.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Begum Sumroo promises to be a play for all seasons |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/story/19970804-begum-sumroo-promises-to-be-a-play-for-all-seasons-831855-1997-08-03 |access-date=27 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Rediff review of Begum Sumroo |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/1998/mar/07tara.htm |access-date=27 December 2023}}</ref><br />
<br />
Her performance in ''Bombay Boys'' was reviewed by ''Bright Lights Film Journal''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bombay Boys review |url=https://brightlightsfilm.com/boys-bollywood-kaizad-gustads-bombay-boys/ |access-date=27 December 2023}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Awards and Citations ==<br />
<br />
Hospitality Horizon Top 5 Influencers Chefs of India 2025 link <br />
[https://www.freepressjournal.in/weekend/hospitality-horizon-top-chefs-awards-fb-summit-2025-celebrates-culinary-excellence-in-mumbai]<br />
<br />
Uppercrust Top 20 Home Chefs of India 2020<br />
[https://uppercrustindia.com/v3/posts/415/20-super-cooks-in-home-kitchens]<br />
<br />
Uppercrust Top 20 Food Influencers of India 2024<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{IMDb name|0221224}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Deshpande, Tara}}<br />
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses from Mumbai]]<br />
[[Category:Female models from Mumbai]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kosala_kingdom&diff=510549Kosala kingdom2026-03-22T12:43:10Z<p>KatherinSteger: created pg.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Ancient Hindu Kingdom}}<br />
{{About|the kingdom of Kosala (also known as Ayodhya) in Indian epic literature|the historical kingdom|Kosala}}<br />
{{More footnotes needed|date=May 2013}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}<br />
<br />
'''[[Kosala]]''' is the kingdom of [[Rama]] mentioned in the ''[[Ramayana]]''. [[Ayodhya (Ramayana)|Ayodhya]] was its capital and is now located in [[Uttar Pradesh]]. Rama's sons [[Lava (Ramayana)|Lava]] and [[Kusha (Ramayana)|Kusha]] inherited parts of this kingdom. Lava ruled from the city called [[Shravasti]], and Kusa from the city called [[Kushavati]]. A colony of Kosala kings existed in [[Madhya Pradesh]]. It was called [[Dakshina Kosala]]. Rama's mother [[Kausalya]] was from this kingdom. Rama extended his influence up to the island-kingdom of [[Lanka]] situated in the [[Indian Ocean]]. He had friendly relations with the southern kingdom of [[Kishkindha]].<br />
<br />
[[Nishadha kingdom|Nishadha]] king [[Nala]]'s friend ''Rituparna'' was a ruler of Kosala. ''Brihadbala'' another ruler of Kosala during [[Dvapara Yuga]], took part in [[Mahabharata]] war and was killed by [[Abhimanyu]], the son of [[Arjuna]].<br />
<br />
An 1880 reference described '''Uttara Kosala''' was one of the five main divisions of the kingdom of [[Rama]] in prehistoric [[Awadh]]; the region was described as corresponding to the modern trans-[[Ghaghra]] districts including [[Bahraich]], [[Gonda, Uttar Pradesh|Gonda]], [[Basti district|Basti]] and [[Gorakhpur]].<ref name="Irwin">{{cite book | last = Irwin | first = Henry Crossly | title = The Garden of India. Or, Chapters on Oudh History and affairs🤘 | url = https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.63152 | year = 1880 | publisher = W. H. Allen| location = London | page = [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.63152/page/n112 106]}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Kosala Kingdom through the ages ==<br />
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2020}}[[File:Mahajanapadas (c. 500 BCE).png|thumb|250px|Kosala Kingdom [[Mahajanapada]] was one of sixteen most powerful and vast kingdoms and republics of the era, located mainly across the fertile [[Indo-Gangetic plains]], there were a number of smaller kingdoms stretching the length and breadth of [[Ancient India]].]]<br />
[[File:PlacesRelatedToRama.JPG|right|thumb|200px| Places Related to [[Rama]] and [[Kosala]] ]]<br />
<br />
=== Era of Treta Yuga ===<br />
{{See also|Treta Yuga}}<br />
''The Indian epic [[Ramayana]] is the window to this era.''<br />
<br />
==== Kosala proper and Dakshina (southern) Kosala ====<br />
<br />
During the period of the forefathers of [[Raghava Rama]], there was only one Kosala kingdom. It had its capital at [[Ayodhya (Ramayana)|Ayodhya]], identified as the Ayodhya town in Ayodhya in [[Uttar Pradesh]] state of India. During the reign of [[Dasharatha]], the father of Rama, [[Dakshina Kosala]] came into prominence. It was situated in the [[Madhya Pradesh]] state of India. Dasharatha married his eldest wife [[Kausalya]] from this kingdom.<br />
<br />
==== Kosala proper splits into two ====<br />
<br />
[[Raghava Rama]]'s son's [[Lava (Ramayana)|Lava]] and Kusa, inherited each half of the Kosala kingdom, with Ayodhya as its capital. Thus, this Kosala split into two parts; one ruled by Lava, with capital at [[Shravasti]], to the north of [[Ayodhya (Ramayana)|Ayodhya]] and the other by Kusa at Kusavati, believed to be towards the east of [[Ayodhya (Ramayana)|Ayodhya]].<br />
<br />
=== Era of Dvapara Yuga ===<br />
{{See also|Dvapara Yuga}}<br />
''The Indian epic [[Mahabharata]] is the window to this era.''<br />
<br />
During the time of [[Kurukshetra War]], and the reign of [[Pandavas]] and [[Kauravas]], we find mention of numerous kingdoms with the name, Kosala (as per the references in [[Mahabharata]]).<br />
<br />
==== Kingdoms that sprang from Kosala proper ====<br />
<br />
Raghava Rama's Kosala (Kosala proper) was already split into two, owing to his two sons attaining kingship after his reign. During the era of [[Kurukshetra War]] it was split into five kingdoms.<br />
<br />
=====Eastern Kosala=====<br />
<br />
This was, probably the kingdom ruled by Kusa, with Kusavati as its capital. (see MBh 2.14, Mbh 2.21, referred below). They were described as fleeing to the southern country of [[Kunti kingdom|Kuntis]] due to [[Magadha kingdom|Magadha]] king [[Jarasandha]]. The route was taken by [[Bhima]], [[Arjuna]] and [[Vasudeva Krishna|Krishna]] from [[Kuru Kingdom]] to [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha Kingdom]] was through this Eastern Kosala.<br />
<br />
=====Northern Kosala=====<br />
<br />
This was, probably the kingdom ruled by Lava with Sravasti as its capital. (see MBh 2.29 referred below). This kingdom was defeated by the [[Pandava]] general [[Bhima]], in his military campaign to the east.<br />
<br />
=====Kosala kingdom of Vrihadvala to the south of Ayodhya =====<br />
[[File:Ayodhya Nagri.jpg|thumb|285px|Gold carving depiction of the legendary [[Ayodhya (Ramayana)|Ayodhya]] at the [[Ajmer Jain temple]].]]<br />
Vriahadvala was a Kosala king mentioned as a general under [[Duryodhana]], in the [[Kurukshetra War]]. (MBh. 5.277, 5.198). This kingdom was defeated by the [[Pandava]] general [[Bhima]], in his military campaign to the east. (MBh 2.29). It seems that this Kosala had its power extended to the neighbouring kingdom of [[Kasi kingdom|Kasi]] to the south of it, because Vrihadvala sometimes commanded the troops from Kasi also in [[Kurukshetra War]]. This probably was the reason to consider Kasi-Kosala as a single kingdom. For a period of time in the past, Kasi would have been a vassal state of Kosala kingdom. The grandmothers of [[Kauravas]] and [[Pandavas]] were called sometimes as princesses of Kasi and some times as princesses of Kosala, attesting to this fact.<br />
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=====Kosala with Ayodhya as its capital or central Kosala=====<br />
<br />
This was the original Kosala ruled by king [[Raghava Rama]]. This was ruled by Dirghayaghna, during this era. This kingdom was defeated by the [[Pandava]] general [[Bhima]], in his military campaign to the east. (MBh 2.29).<br />
<br />
==== Kingdoms that sprang from the southern Kosala====<br />
<br />
The native kingdom of Raghava Rama's mother [[Kausalya]], considered as [[Dakshina Kosala kingdom]] split ''at least'' into two during the era of [[Kurukshetra War]]. This became evident if we follow the passage in [[Mahabharata]], describing the military campaign of the [[Pandava]] general [[Sahadeva]], who led his troops to the southern direction. (MBh. 2.30)<br />
<br />
=====Western Kosala in central India=====<br />
<br />
This kingdom was close to the [[Vidarbha Kingdom]] ruled by Bhishmaka, probably to the east of it. Sahadeva defeated this kingdom first and moved to the Eastern Kosala. (MBh. 2.30)<br />
<br />
=====Eastern Kosala in central India =====<br />
After defeating the other Kosala kingdom Sahadeva defeated numerous kings in the Eastern Kosala, indicating that there were many kingdoms, and not one, however collectively known as Eastern Kosalas. (MBh. 2.30)<br />
<br />
== References in Mahabharata ==<br />
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2020}}[[File:Mahabharata BharatVarsh.jpg|right|250px|thumb|India during the [[Mahabharata]]]]<br />
<br />
=== The mothers of Dhritarashtra and Pandu ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 1, Chapter 114<br />
<br />
''The mothers of [[Dhritarashtra]] and [[Pandu]], viz Ambika and Ambalika, were described to be Kosala princesses. They were some times described as princesses from [[Kasi kingdom]], Kasi and Kosala being a single kingdom (often denoted as Kasi-Kosalas) during the time of Mahabharata.''<br />
<br />
Then Satyavati and Bhishma and the '''Kosala''' princesses were all gratified with the presents Pandu made out of the acquisitions of his prowess. And Ambalika in particular, upon embracing her son of incomparable prowess, became very glad.<br />
<br />
=== The self-choice event of Panchali ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 1, Chapter 188<br />
<br />
''Kosala king was present in this event''<br />
<br />
{{Blockquote|...the highly intelligent Vatsaraja, the king of '''Kosala''', Shishupala and the powerful Jarasandha, these and many other great kings—all Kshatriyas celebrated throughout the world—have come, O blessed one (Panchali), for thee.|}}<br />
<br />
=== The impact of Magadha king on Kosala ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 2, Chapter 14<br />
<br />
The eighteen tribes of the Bhojas, from fear of ([[Magadha kingdom|Magadha]] King) Jarasandha, have all fled towards the west; so also have the [[Surasena kingdom|Surasenas]], the Bhadrakas, the Vodhas, the [[Salwa kingdom|Salwas]], the Patachchavas, the Susthalas, the Mukuttas, and the Kulindas, along with the [[Kunti kingdom|Kuntis]]. And the king of the Salwayana tribe with their brethren and followers; and the southern Panchalas and the eastern '''Kosalas''' have all fled to the country of the Kuntis. So also the [[Matsya kingdom|Matsyas]] and the Sannyastapadas, overcome with fear, leaving their dominions in the north, have fled into the southern country. And so all the [[Panchala Kingdom (Mahabharata)|Panchalas]], alarmed at the power of Jarasandha, have left their own kingdom and fled in all directions.<br />
<br />
=== The trip from Kuru kingdom to Magadha kingdom ===<br />
<br />
[[File:KuruMagadhaRouteOfBhima.JPG|right|thumb|300px|Route taken by Bhima, Arjuna and Krishna from Kuru kingdom to Magadha kingdom to meet Jarasandha as per Mahabharata]]<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 2, Chapter 21<br />
<br />
''The following was a route taken by [[Krishna]], [[Arjuna]] and [[Bhima]] to reach [[Magadha kingdom]]. It passes through the eastern Kosala kingdom.''<br />
<br />
Having set out from the country of the Kurus, they passed through Kuru-janapada and arrived at the charming lake of lotuses. Passing over the hills of Kalakuta, they then went on crossing the Gandaki, the Sadanira (Karatoya), and the Sarkaravarta and the other rivers taking their rise in the same mountains. They then crossed the delightful Sarayu and saw the country of Eastern '''Kosala'''. Passing over that country they went to [[Mithila (ancient)|Mithila]] and then crossing the Mala and [[Charamanvati]], the three heroes crossed the [[Ganges]] and the [[Sone]] and went on towards the east. At last those heroes of unfaded glory arrived at [[Magadha kingdom|Magadha]] in the heart of (the country of) Kushamva. Reaching then the hills of Goratha, they saw the city of Magadha.<br />
<br />
=== Bhima's military campaign ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 2, Chapter 29<br />
<br />
[[Bhima]] then vanquished king Srenimat of the country of Kumara, and then Vrihadvala, the king of '''Kosala'''. Then the foremost of the sons of [[Pandu]], by performing feats excelling in fierceness, defeated the virtuous and mighty king Dirghayaghna of [[Ayodhya (Ramayana)|Ayodhya]]. And the exalted one then subjugated the country of Gopalakaksha and the northern '''Kosalas''' and also the king of Mallas.<br />
<br />
=== Sahadeva's military campaign ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 2, Chapter 30<br />
<br />
[[Sahadeva]], vanquishing the invincible Bhishmaka, then defeated in battle the king of '''Kosala''' and the ruler of the territories lying on the banks of the Venwa, as also the Kantarakas and the kings of the eastern '''Kosalas'''.<br />
<br />
=== Conversation of Nala and Damayanti ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 61<br />
<br />
These many roads lead to the southern country, passing by (the city of) [[Avanti Kingdom (Mahabharata)|Avanti]] and the Rikshavat mountains. This is that mighty mountain called [[Vindhya]]; yon, the river Payasvini running seawards, and yonder are the asylums of the ascetics, furnished with various fruit and roots. This road leadeth to the country of the [[Vidarbha kingdom|Vidarbhas]]—and that, to the country of the '''Kosalas'''. Beyond these roads to the south is the southern country.<br />
<br />
=== Rituparna, King of Kosala visiting Vidharbha Kingdom ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 73<br />
<br />
The ruler of the [[Vidarbha kingdom|Vidarbhas]], approaching Rituparna, said, ‘Welcome! What is the occasion of this thy visit?’ And king Bhima asked this without knowing that Rituparna had come to obtain the hand of his daughter. And king Rituparna, saw that there were no other kings or princes. Nor did he hear any talk relating to the [[Swayamvara]], nor saw any concourse of Brahmanas. And at this, the king of '''Kosala''' reflected a while and at length said, ‘I have come here to pay my respects to thee.’ And the king Bhima was struck with astonishment, and reflected upon the (probable) cause of Rituparna's coming, having passed over a hundred yojanas.<br />
<br />
=== Sacred places in Kosala kingdom ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 85<br />
<br />
Sojourning next to the tirtha called Rishabha in '''Kosala''' and fasting there for three nights one earneth the merit of the Vajapeya sacrifice, and of the gift of a thousand kine, and also delivereth his race. Arriving at ''''Kosala''', a man should bathe in the tirtha named Kala.<br />
<br />
=== Karna's military campaign ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 252<br />
<br />
Having conquered the eastern quarter [[Karna]] then presented himself before [[Vatsa kingdom|Batsa-bhumi]]. And having taken Batsa-bhumi, he reduced Kevali, and Mrittikavati, and Mohana and Patrana, and Tripura, and '''Kosala''',--and compelled all these to pay tribute.<br />
<br />
=== Ramayana inside Mahabharata ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 277<br />
<br />
Behold my plight! The loss of thy kingdom, and then the death of our father, and then the abduction of [[Sita]], and finally this disaster that hath overwhelmed me! Alas, I shall not behold thee return with the princess of [[Videha kingdom|Videha]] to '''Kosala''' and seated on thy ancestral throne as the ruler of the entire Earth! They only that are fortunate will behold thy face, like unto the moon emerged from the clouds, after thy coronation bath in water sanctified with Kusa grass and fried paddy and black peas!’ And the intelligent [[Lakshmana]] uttered those and other lamentations in the same strain.<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 3, Chapter 282<br />
<br />
That descendant of Raghu, who ruleth at '''Kosala''' and whose renown hath spread over the whole world, sayeth unto thee these words suited to the occasion. Accept thou that message and act according to it.<br />
<br />
=== Vrihadvala or [[Brihadbala]], the ruler of Kosala ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 5, Chapter 277<br />
<br />
''[[Bhishma]] rates the battle skills of every king who were to take part in the [[Kurukshetra War]]''<br />
<br />
Endued with great impetus and prowess, king Vrihadvala, the ruler of the '''Kosalas''', is, in my judgment, equal to one Ratha (a grade of battle-skill).<br />
<br />
=== Kosala king supported Duryodhana in the war ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 5, Chapter 198<br />
<br />
''King Vrihadvala of Kosala, supported Duryodhana in the [[Kurukshetra War]]''<br />
<br />
Then came Kritavarman at the head of his troops, and that mighty car-warrior, viz., the ruler of the [[Trigarta kingdom|Trigartas]], and the king [[Duryodhana]] surrounded by his brothers, and Sala, and Bhurisravas, and Salya, and Vrihadratha, the ruler of the '''Kosalas'''.<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 6, Chapter 16<br />
<br />
And Suvala's son Shakuni, and Salya, Jayadratha and the two princes of Avanti named Vinda and Anuvinda, and the [[Kekeya kingdom|Kekeya brothers]], and Sudakshina the ruler of the [[Kamboja kingdom|Kamvojas]] and Srutayudha the ruler of the [[Kalinga (Mahabharata)|Kalinga]]s, and king Jayatsena, and Vrihadvala the ruler of the '''Kosalas''', and Kritavarman of Satwata's race,--these ten tigers among men, stood each at the head of an Akshauhini of troops. These and many other kings and princes, mighty car-warriors conversant with policy, obedient to the commands of [[Duryodhana]], all cased in mail, were seen stationed in their respective divisions.<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 6, Chapter 45<br />
<br />
The mighty bowman [[Abhimanyu]] battled with Vrihadvala. Soon, however, in that encounter, O king, the ruler of '''Kosala''' cut off the standard and overthrew the charioteer of Subhadra's son. The son of Subhadra then upon the overthrow of his charioteer, was filled with wrath and pierced Vrihadvala<br />
<br />
=== Abhimanyu slays Vrihadvala the king of Kosala ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 7, Chapter 45<br />
<br />
The ruler of the '''Kosala''' struck [[Abhimanyu]], in the chest with a barbed arrow. Abhimanyu, however, quickly felled on the earth his antagonist's steeds and standard and bow and charioteer. The ruler of the Kosalas, then, thus deprived of his car, took up a sword and wished to sever from Abhimanyu's trunk his beautiful head, decked with ear-rings. Abhimanyu then pierced king Vrihadvala, the ruler of the Kosalas, in the chest, with a strong arrow. The latter then, with riven heart, fell down. Beholding this, ten thousand illustrious kings broke and fled. Those kings, armed with swords and bows, fled away, uttering words inimical (to king Duryodhana's Interest). Having slain Vrihadvala thus, the son of Subhadra careered it battle.<br />
<br />
=== Connection with Saraswati civilization ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 9, Chapter 38<br />
<br />
It was on that sacred region, the northern part of '''Kosala''', that the sacrifice of high-souled Auddalaka was performed. Before Auddalaka began his sacrifice, he had thought of the [[Sarasvati River]]. That foremost of rivers came to that region for the sake of those Rishis. Worshipped by all those Munis clad in barks and deer-skins she became known by the name of Manorama, as those Rishis mentally called her.<br />
<br />
=== Arjuna's post-war military campaign ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 14, Chapter 82<br />
<br />
The sacrificial horse then, equipped with beautiful manes, proceeded at his will along the sea-coast, repairing to the countries of the [[Vanga kingdom|Bangas]], the [[Pundra kingdom|Pundras]], and the '''Kosalas'''. In those realms Dhananjaya (Arjuna), with his bow Gandiva, vanquished innumerable [[Mlechecha]] armies one after another<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 14, Chapter 83<br />
<br />
That best of steeds then proceeded to the realms of the [[Kasi kingdom|Kasis]], the [[Anga kingdom|Angas]], the '''Kosalas''', the [[Kirata kingdom|Kiratas]], and the Tanganas.<br />
<br />
=== Other references in Mahabharata ===<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 12, Chapter 18<br />
<br />
''Mention of a Janaka king of [[Videha kingdom|Videha]], with a wife from Kosala''<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 12, Chapter 67<br />
<br />
There was a king of '''Kosala''' possessed of great intelligence, named Vasumanas.<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 12, Chapter 81<br />
<br />
It hath been heard by us that once on a time the sage Kalakavrikshiya came to Kshemadarsin who had ascended the throne of the kingdom of '''Kosala'''.<br />
<br />
*Mahabharata, Book 13, Chapter 6<br />
<br />
[[Saudasa]], the king of '''Kosala''', though dignified by the performance of [[Ashwamedha]] and other sacrifices, obtained the status of a man-eating [[Rakshasa]], through the curse of a great Rishi.<br />
<br />
Krishna is also described to have married a princess of Kosala - [[Nagnajiti]] - who was the daughter of King Nagnajit of Ayodhya.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
*[[Kingdoms of Ancient India]]<br />
*[[Pachhimrath]]<br />
*[[Silliana]]<br />
*[[Purabrath]]<br />
*[[Arbar]]<br />
*[[Magadha–Kosala War]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
* Mahabharata of Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa, translated to English by Kisari Mohan Ganguli<br />
* Ramayana of Valmiki<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120621020315/http://www.shivlee.com/kumaraguptai/k1garudatypecoins.html Coins of Kosala Kingdom from the Shivlee Collection]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Tribes and kingdoms of the Mahabharata}}<br />
{{Devipatan division topics}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Kingdoms of the Ikshwaku clan]]<br />
[[Category:Kingdoms in the Ramayana]]<br />
[[Category:Kosala]]<br />
[[Category:History of Awadh]]<br />
[[Category:Regions of Uttar Pradesh]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rasam_Pagri&diff=459292Rasam Pagri2026-03-20T06:22:29Z<p>KatherinSteger: slightly reworked formatting per sources and corrected details</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Ceremony in Northern India}}<br />
{{EngvarB|date=December 2019}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}<br />
'''Rasam Pagri''' (रसम पगड़ी) is a social ceremony, prevalent amongst [[Hindus]] from northern part of [[India]]. The ceremony is conducted upon the death of the eldest male member in a family, in which the eldest surviving male member of the family ties a [[turban]] (''[[Pagri (turban)|pagri]]'') on his head in the presence of the extended family or clan.<ref name="ref18dymtb">{{Citation | title=Veins of devotion: blood donation and religious experience in north India | author=Jacob Copeman | publisher=Rutgers University Press, 2009 | isbn=978-0-8135-4449-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EbSXa5Fag9gC&q=%22Rasam+Pagri%22+-inpublisher%3Aicon&pg=PA60 | quote=''... rasam pagri is the passing of the deceased male's turban to ... 'When people have the funeral gathering, a turban (pagri) is put on the elder son to show he is now responsible for the family ...''|page=60| year=2009 }}</ref> According to the [[Hindu]] traditions, the ceremony is usually performed by the father of the wife of the eldest, surviving male member.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M5EWgRdnLxAC&q=rasam+pagri+hindu+tradition&pg=PA120 |title = Global Encyclopaedia of the Brahmana Ethnography|isbn = 9788182202085|last1 = Krishna Rao|first1 = K. S.|year = 2008| publisher=Global Vision Publishing House }}</ref> The ceremony usually takes place on the fourth day from the day of funeral rites (''[[Antim Sanskar]]'', also known as ''Uthala''), or on the thirteenth day, ''[[Tehravin]]''. The turban signifies honor of the family, and the ceremony signifies the transition of responsibility for the protection and welfare of the family from the deceased to the surviving oldest male member.<ref name="ref18dymtb"/> (While this is predominantly the case, in the Hindu religious scriptures, it is actually the male member who "gives fire" to the body of the deceased who is entitled to wear the turban. As per tradition, it is the oldest surviving son who performs this final rite.) <br />
<br />
'''''First pagri ceremony''''' is popular in India representing love from maternal family to the son born to their daughter. In sikh families, st the age of 5 or 7 boy's maternal uncle and maternal grandfather bring a pagg and dastarbandi is done (representing welcoming the child to 1st responsible step toards sikhism, offering a feeling of growing up, endless love from Nanka (maternal family) parivar.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
''Rasam'' means ''ceremony'' in different languages of [[India]], including [[Hindi]], the most widely spoken. It is derived from the [[Arabic language|Arabic]] word ''rasm'' meaning ''procedure'' or ''method''.<ref name="ref44pabag">{{Citation | title=Arabic literature to the end of the Umayyad period | author=Alfred Felix Landon Beeston | publisher=Cambridge University Press, 1983 | isbn=978-0-521-24015-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MXKBa1qph-UC | quote=... Arabic rasm, meaning method, procedure ... }}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ''Rasam Pagri'' literally means ''the ceremony of the turban''.<br />
<br />
==Reform movements==<br />
Some communities have decided to end the custom of Rasam Pagri because it is associated with mrityu-bhoj (feast marking the end of the mourning period).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thebishnoiism.in/bishnoi-society-will-be-festive-and-ritual-turban-now-closed/ |title=बिश्नोई समाज में मृत्युभोज व रस्म पगड़ी अब होगा बंद, 28 September 2017 |access-date=27 October 2017 |archive-date=27 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125521/http://www.thebishnoiism.in/bishnoi-society-will-be-festive-and-ritual-turban-now-closed/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
<br />
In some reform-minded families, the daughters have been given the Pagri.<ref>[https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/meerut-city-pagri-ceremony-of-daughter-in-meerut-after-death-of-father-14999292.html मेरठ में पिता की तेरहवीं पर बेटी को बंधी पगड़ी, Jagran, 8 November 2016]</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Hindu genealogy registers at Haridwar]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.panthkhalsa.org/sdpn/sdpn_dastaar.php Turban as a Symbol of Responsibility] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201835/http://www.panthkhalsa.org/sdpn/sdpn_dastaar.php |date=3 March 2016 }}<br />
<br />
{{Death in Hinduism}}<br />
{{Hindu samskaras|state=collapsed}}<br />
{{Worship in Hinduism}}<br />
{{Brahmanda}}<br />
{{HinduMythology}}<br />
{{Hindudharma}}<br />
{{Asia in topic|Hinduism in}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Death customs]]<br />
[[Category:Death in India]]<br />
[[Category:Culture of India]]<br />
[[Category:Death in Pakistan]]<br />
[[Category:Culture of Pakistan]]<br />
[[Category:Hindu traditions]]<br />
[[Category:Sikh practices]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi words and phrases]]<br />
[[Category:Turbans]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=2022_Odisha_floods&diff=4829382022 Odisha floods2026-03-18T05:59:43Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created A Info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Natural disasters in India}}<br />
{{Infobox flood<br />
| name = 2022 Odisha Floods<br />
| image = <br />
| image_size = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption =Flood prone areas of the [[Mahanadi River Delta|Mahanadi River Basin]], Odisha.<br />
| duration = {{Start date|2022|8|14|df=yes}} to {{End date|2022|9|7|df=yes}}<br />
| affected = <br />
| cause = <br />
| fatalities = 7<br />
| damages = ~ [[Indian rupee|₹]]126 crore (~[[United States dollar|$]]15,390,200) <br />
| Human Displacement = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''2022 Odisha floods''' were a series of floods in [[Odisha]], which lasted from 14 August 2022 to 7 September 2022.<ref name="[1]">{{cite web |title=Odisha flood affects 4.67 lakh people in 12 districts. |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/odisha-flood-affects-467-lakh-people-in-12-districts/article65780367.ece |website=www.thehindu.com |access-date=16 May 2023 |date=18 August 2022 }}</ref><br />
<br />
The main causes for the floods were the extensive rains which were started from the 3rd week of August 2022, because of the formation of 3 [[Low-pressure area|depression]] systems over the [[Bay of Bengal]] in that month and the [[Monsoon|Monsoon rains]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Amid Flood Situation In Odisha, Swollen Mahanadi River Becomes Tourist Spot for Some |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/amid-flood-situation-in-odisha-swollen-mahanadi-river-becomes-tourist-spot-for-some-3262797 |website=www.ndtv.com |access-date=16 May 2023 |date=17 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=The Weather Channel (India) Team. |title=Heavy Rains to Plague Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar Until August 21; Flood Situation in Odisha Remains Grim. |url=https://weather.com/en-IN/india/monsoon/news/2022-08-17-heavy-rains-over-odisha-west-bengal-and-bihar-until-august-21 |website=weather.com |publisher=The Weather Channel |access-date=10 June 2023 |language=English |date=17 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Vikash Sharma |title=Southwest monsoon: 7 low pressure systems triggered rainfall in Odisha. |url=https://odishatv.in/news/weather/southwest-monsoon-7-low-pressure-systems-triggered-rainfall-in-odisha-189000 |website=odishatv.in |access-date=10 June 2023 |language=English |date=28 October 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
In total twelve districts, [[Khordha district|Khordha]], [[Cuttack district|Cuttack]], [[Jagatsinghpur district|Jagatsinghpur]], [[Kendrapara district|Kendrapara]], [[Puri district|Puri]], [[Balasore district|Balasore]], [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]], [[Subarnapur district|Subarnapur (Sonepur)]], [[Bargarh district|Bargarh]], [[Angul district|Angul]], [[Boudh district|Boudh]] and [[Sambalpur district|Sambalpur]], were primarily affected by the floods.<ref>{{cite web |title=Odisha floods: Over 250,000 people across 10 districts affected. |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/odisha-floods-over-250000-people-across-10-districts-affected-101660711778730.html |website=www.hindustantimes.com |access-date=16 May 2023 |date=17 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
The long term causes for the floods in [[Odisha]] are the extensive [[erosion]], unpredictable rainfall, improper maintenance of [[Embankment (earthworks)|river embankments]], excessive building of dams on the rivers and aperiodic release of river water from the dams.{{cn|date=October 2024}}<br />
<br />
==Impact==<br />
<br />
On 14 August 2022, the [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD) issued a "Red Alert" of heavy, very heavy, and extreme rainfall for seven districts in Odisha due to the new forming [[Low-pressure area|Depression]] in the Bay of Bengal.<ref name="[5]">{{cite web |title="Deep depression to cross Odisha, West Bengal coasts." |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/galleries/nation/2022/aug/19/in-photos--deep-depression-to-cross-odisha-west-bengal-coasts-103330.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316123256/https://www.newindianexpress.com/galleries/nation/2022/aug/19/in-photos--deep-depression-to-cross-odisha-west-bengal-coasts-103330.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 16, 2023 |website=www.newindianexpress.com |access-date=16 May 2023 |date=19 August 2022}}</ref> After that, extensive rainfall started across many areas of the state, causing the water in the [[Mahanadi]] river system to flow at danger levels.<ref name="[6]">{{cite web |title="Odisha floods: CM stresses on zero casualty as water level rises in Mahanadi river. " |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/odisha-floods-cm-stresses-on-zero-casualty-as-water-level-rises-in-mahanadi-river-11660644646016.html |website=www.livemint.com |access-date=16 May 2023 |date=16 August 2022}}</ref><br />
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Meanwhile, the dams in [[Chhattisgarh]] and [[Jharkhand]] were opened due to which the water present in the [[Hirakud Dam]] Reservoir started overflowing. Therefore, the Hirakud Dam Authority opened 40 gates to release the excess water from the reservoir.<ref name="[7]">{{cite web |title="Authorities open 40 gates at Hirakud to release excess flood water." |url=https://odishatv.in/news/miscellaneous/odisha-flood-update-hirakud-to-release-floodwater-through-40-gates-183250 |website=odishatv.in |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=16 August 2022}}</ref> Due to the sudden release of floodwater from the dam, 100 houses in [[Sambalpur]] located near to the river got submerged in the floodwater.<ref name="[9]">{{cite web |title="Around 100 Houses Submerged In Sambalpur As Water Released from Hirakud Dam ." |url=https://www.india.com/news/india/odisha-rains-around-100-houses-submerged-in-sambalpur-as-water-released-from-hirakud-dam-photos-5572154/ |website=www.india.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=14 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
The water released from the dam increased the water levels and the flow rate of the Mahanadi river system. In addition to the monsoon rains, the situation of the [[Mahanadi]], [[Brahmani River|Brahmani]], [[Baitarani River|Baitarani]] River Systems and other rivers in the state worsened.<ref name="[10]">{{cite web |title=Amid Flood Situation In Odisha, Swollen Mahanadi River Becomes Tourist Spot for Some. |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/amid-flood-situation-in-odisha-swollen-mahanadi-river-becomes-tourist-spot-for-some-3262797 |website=www.ndtv.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=17 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
On 17 August 2022, the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) issued a "Yellow Alert" of heavy rainfall for 20 districts and an "Orange Alert" of very heavy rainfall for 17 districts. IMD warned the state government of a new forming [[Low-pressure area|depression]] over the Bay of Bengal and advised fishermen not to venture into the sea for fishing, as the winds were blowing at 45–55&nbsp;km/h.<ref>{{cite web |title=IMD predicts heavy rain in Odisha due to depression, Puri, other areas flooded |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/imd-predicts-heavy-rain-in-odisha-due-to-depression-puri-other-areas-flooded-101660917794261.html |website=www.hindustantimes.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=19 August 2022}}</ref><br />
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The low-lying districts in the [[Mahanadi River Delta|Mahanadi River Basin]] - Jagatsinghpur, Cuttack, Khordha, Puri and Kendrapara - were flooded with 12 lakh [[cusec]] of water, which flowed through these areas on the night of 19 August 2022.<ref name="[11]">{{cite web |title=Odisha's flood situation grim, next 36 hours crucial, says Government. |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2022/aug/17/odishas-flood-situation-grim-next-36-hours-crucial-says-government-2488323.html |website=www.newindianexpress.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=17 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
In Jharkhand, the 16 gates of the [[Galudih]] Barrage were opened and released 6 lakh cusec of water. Due to this, excess water flowed into the [[Subarnarekha River]] and flowed further into the Northern districts of Odisha like [[Balasore district|Balasore]] and [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]] and flooded these areas.<ref name="[12]">{{cite web |title=Now Jharkhand adds to Odisha floods, opens barrage to make Subarnarekha swell. |url=https://odishatv.in/news/miscellaneous/chhattisgarh-adds-more-to-odisha-floods-opens-barrage-to-make-subarnarekha-swell-183592 |website=odishatv.in |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=20 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="[13]">{{cite web |title=Odisha expecting massive flood in Balasore district. |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/odisha-expecting-massive-flood-in-balasore-district/article65793831.ece |website=www.thehindu.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=21 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
Heavy rains also occurred in [[Bhubaneswar]], causing low-lying areas of the city like Sundarpada to get submerged by the rainwater; many drains, roads and old houses were damaged.<ref name="[14]">{{cite web |date=17 August 2022 |title=Bhubaneswar low-lying areas got flooded with rainwater. |url=https://odishabytes.com/watch-odisha-flood-this-is-sundarpada-locality-in-bhubaneswar/ |access-date=17 May 2023 |website=odishabytes.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
Due to the floods, over 1.2 lakh [[hectares]] of cropland were destroyed or damaged, leading to huge losses for farmers. The most affected croplands were in the Puri, Kendrapara, Jagatsinghpur, Cuttack, Boudh and Sonepur districts.<ref name="[15]">{{cite web |title=Odisha Flood: Crops in over 1.20 lakh hectares damaged. |url=https://odishatv.in/news/miscellaneous/odisha-flood-crops-in-over-1-20-lakh-hectares-damaged-184337 |website=odishatv.in |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=30 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Aftermath==<br />
[[File:Indian Navy team commences flood relief operations at Puri, Odisha 2022 - 01.jpg|thumb|right| [[Indian Navy |Indian Navy Service]] (INS) Chilka distributing food to the people who were sheltered in relief centers.]]In total around one million people from 1,757 villages were affected, 126,000 hectares of crop land was damaged, 250,000 people were marooned, seven killed, over 14,000 houses were damaged and destroyed by the floods, 440 relief centers were established and ₹126 crore of [[public property]] got damaged and destroyed.<ref name="[16]">{{cite web |title=Rs 126 crore public assets damaged in Odisha floods. |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2022/sep/08/rs-126-cr-public-assets-damaged-in-odisha-floods-2496025.html |website=www.newindianexpress.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date= 8 September 2022}}</ref><ref name="[17]">{{cite web |title=5 kids among seven dead in Odisha rain. |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/5-kids-among-seven-dead-in-odisha-rain-101661019591942.html |website=www.hindustantimes.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=20 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="[18]">{{cite web |title=Flood Situation Worsens In North Odisha, nearly 10 Lakh affected. |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/flood-situation-grim-in-north-odisha-more-rainfall-likely-in-balasore-3277254 |website=www.ndtv.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=23 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
Due to the crop damage, prices of affected vegetables increased noticeably and supply chains were affected.<ref name="[19]">{{cite web |title=Vegetable prices soar in Bhubaneswar amid Odisha flood. |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/vegetable-prices-soar-in-bhubaneswar-amid-odisha-flood-2022-08-20-801563 |website=www.indiatvnews.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=20 August 2022}}</ref><br />
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Over 900 cases of [[diarrhea]] and 88 cases of snakebite were reported from the flood-hit districts.<ref name="[20]">{{cite web |title=Floods in Odisha lead to spurt in diarrhea, waterborne diseases. |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/floods-in-odisha-lead-to-spurt-in-diarrhoea-waterborne-diseases/cid/1882645 |website=www.telegraphindia.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=26 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
Several diarrhea cases were reported, as many people were forced to drink flood water as they didn't have access to any freshwater resource.<ref name="[21]">{{cite web |date=26 August 2022 |title=People forced to drink flood water in marooned Odisha villages. |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/galleries/nation/2022/aug/26/in-pics-people-forced-to-drink-flood-waterin-marooned-odisha-villages-103335.html |access-date=17 May 2023 |website=www.newindianexpress.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
On 18 August 2022, Odisha Chief Minister [[Naveen Patnaik]] conducted an [[aerial survey]] over the Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara and Puri districts, and later announced a 15-day relief for the Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara, Khordha, Puri and Cuttack districts and 7-day relief to Sambalpur, Bargarh, Boudh, Sonepur and Angul districts.<ref>{{cite web |title=Naveen Patnaik conducts aerial survey of flood-affected Odisha districts. |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/naveen-patnaik-conducts-aerial-survey-of-flood-affected-odisha-districts20220818233023/ |website=www.aninews.in |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=18 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="[22]">{{cite web |title=Odisha declares 15-day relief for flood-hit population in five coastal districts. |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/odisha-declares-15-day-relief-for-flood-hit-population-in-five-coastal-districts/article65784674.ece |website=www.thehindu.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=19 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[Government of Odisha|Odisha Government]] later dispatched financial aid of ₹128.8 crore to restore the damaged and destroyed public properties and to conduct relief operations in the flood-hit areas.<ref name="[23]">{{cite web |title=Odisha Flood Damage Assessment: Govt Approves Rs 128.58 Cr Assistance for Affected. |url=https://pragativadi.com/odisha-flood-damage-assessment-govt-approves-rs-128-58-cr-assistance-for-affected/ |website=pragativadi.com |date=7 September 2022 |access-date=17 May 2023}}</ref><br />
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To conduct relief operations, 11 teams of [[National Disaster Response Force]] (NDRF), 12 teams of [[Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force]] (ODRF) and 52 teams of Odisha Fire Services were arranged in the flood-hit Districts.<ref name="[24]">{{cite web |title=Odisha floods: Rescue operations launched in Balasore and Mayurbhanj districts. |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/odisha-floods-rescue-operations-launched-in-balasore-and-mayurbhanj-districts-101661124697339.html |website=www.hindustantimes.com |access-date=17 May 2023 |date=22 August 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2022 disasters in India]]<br />
[[Category:Floods in India]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amanush_(1974_film)&diff=485793Amanush (1974 film)2026-03-07T06:23:19Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created A Post</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|1974 Bengali action film directed by Shakti Samanta}}<br />
{{About||the 2010 film|Amanush (2010 film)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| image = Amanush(Bengali).jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| native_name = <br />
| director = [[Shakti Samanta]]<br />
{{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes<br />
| label1= Based on<br />
| data1 = ''Naya Basat'' by [[Shaktipada Rajguru]]<br />
}}<br />
| story = Shaktipada Rajguru<br />
| producer = Shakti Samanta<br />
| screenplay = Shaktipada Rajguru<br />
{{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes<br />
| label1= Dialogues by<br />
| data1 = '''Bengali''':<br />[[Prabhat Roy]]<br />[[Gauriprasanna Mazumder]] {{small|(additional dialogues)}}<br />'''Hindi''':<br />[[Kamleshwar (writer)|Kamleshwar]]<br />
}}<br />
| starring = [[Uttam Kumar]]<br>[[Sharmila Tagore]]<br>[[Utpal Dutt]]<br />[[Anil Chatterjee]]<br />
| music = [[Shyamal Mitra]]<br />
| cinematography = Aloke Dasgupta<br />
| editing = Bijoy Chowdhury<br />
| studio = Shakti Films<br />
| distributor = Shakti Films<br />
| released = {{Film date|1974|10|18|Bengali|1975|03|21|Hindi|df=y}}<br />
| runtime = 153 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Bengali<br />Hindi<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Amanush''''' ({{IPA|bn|əˈmɑːnuʃ}}; {{Translation|'''''Inhuman'''''}}) is a 1974 Indian bilingual [[action film]], simultaneously shot in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[Hindi]] languages, produced and directed by [[Shakti Samanta]] under his banner of Shakti Films.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2018/apr/10/12058/shakti-samanta-was-brave-never-wanted-to-compromise-filmmaker-prabhat-roy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607153319/https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2018/apr/10/12058/shakti-samanta-was-brave-never-wanted-to-compromise-filmmaker-prabhat-roy|url-status=live|archive-date=7 June 2019|title=Shakti Samanta was brave, never wanted to compromise: Filmmaker Prabhat Roy|website=cinestaan.com|date=10 April 2018}}</ref> Based on [[Shaktipada Rajguru]]'s story ''Naya Basat'', the film stars [[Uttam Kumar]] in the [[Title character|titular role]], alongside [[Sharmila Tagore]], [[Utpal Dutt]] and [[Anil Chatterjee]], while [[Prema Narayan]], [[Abhi Bhattacharya]], Amarnath Mukherjee and [[Asit Sen (actor)|Asit Sen]] play other pivotal roles, with [[Shambhu Bhattacharya]] in a special appearance.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/amanush-1975/article5049063.ece|title=Amanush (1975)|website=[[The Hindu]]|author=APS Malhotra|date=22 August 2013|access-date=10 June 2019|archive-date=19 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219084845/https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/amanush-1975/article5049063.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> The film follows Madhu, who transforms into a penniless drunkard from a scion of a landlord family, after getting implicated in a false murder case by a vindictive man.<br />
<br />
The film began production in 1973, marking the first collaboration between Samanta and Kumar. It was filmed in the [[Sundarbans|Sunderbans]] over a span of two and a half months, with portions shot in [[Mumbai]]. The screenplay of the is written by Rajguru himself, while the Bengali and Hindi dialogues written by [[Prabhat Roy]], who was also the assistant director of the film, and [[Kamleshwar (writer)|Kamleshwar]] respectively. Music of the film is composed by [[Shyamal Mitra]], with Bengali and Hindi lyrics penned by [[Gauriprasanna Mazumder]] and [[Indeevar]] respectively.<br />
<br />
The Bengali version of ''Amanush'' was theatrically released on 18 October 1974, coinciding with [[Durga Puja in Kolkata|Durga Puja]], emerging to be an all time blockbuster at the box office with a long run in theatres consisting of 96 weeks in [[Bengal|West Bengal]] and became the [[List of Indian Bengali films of 1974|highest grossing Bengali film of 1974]]. Five months after, the [[Hindi]] version was released on 21 March 1975, also declared to be a huge hit and became favourable among the Hindi audiences. It featured many iconic songs by [[Kishore Kumar]] like "''Bipinbabur Karon Sudha''" and "''Ki Ashay Baandhi Khelaghar''".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/reel/894344/watch-kishore-kumars-bengali-hit-ki-ashay-bandhi-khelaghar-reimagined-in-kishore-kumar-junior|title=Watch: Kishore Kumar's Bengali hit 'Ki Ashay Bandhi Khelaghar' reimagined in 'Kishore Kumar Junior' Kumar Sanu has sung the Kishore Kumar song from the 1975 film 'Amanush', starring Uttam Kumar and Sharmila Tagore.|website=scroll.in|date=14 September 2018|access-date=10 June 2019|archive-date=1 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401224647/https://scroll.in/reel/894344/watch-kishore-kumars-bengali-hit-ki-ashay-bandhi-khelaghar-reimagined-in-kishore-kumar-junior|url-status=live}}</ref> The combined sales of the original soundtrack and the dialogues (released separately), set new sales records. The film's dialogue and certain characters became extremely popular, contributing to numerous cultural [[Meme|memes]] and becoming part of India's daily [[vernacular]].<ref name="tele2">{{cite book |author=Nalin Mehta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ep2iOKyNuBMC&q=Anand+Ashram+1977&pg=PA155 |title=Television in India: Satellites, Politics and Cultural Change |publisher=Routledge |year=2008 |isbn=978-1134062133 |pages=155 |quote=both Bengali and Hindi versions of Uttam Kumar Shramila Tagore all star Amanush (1975), made by ... were super hits. But Anand Ashram..failed |access-date=25 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518130623/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ep2iOKyNuBMC&q=Anand+Ashram+1977&pg=PA155#v=snippet&q=Anand%20Ashram%201977&f=false |archive-date=18 May 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref><br />
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The film was later remade in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as ''[[Edureeta]]'' (1977), starring [[N. T. Rama Rao]]; in Malayalam as ''[[Ithaa Oru Manushyan]]'' (1978) starring [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]] and in Tamil as ''[[Thyagam]]'' (1978)'','' starring [[Sivaji Ganesan]].<br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
''Amanush'' marvels at the scope of the man's histrionic capabilities. [[Uttam Kumar]] shines as Madhusudan Roy Chaudhary aka Madhu, a straightforward scion of a zamindar family settled in a fishing village in the [[Sundarbans]]. He reflects angst and anger with understated ease after his life is ripped asunder by the machinations of the family munim, Mahim Ghoshal ([[Utpal Dutt]]). Reduced to a penniless drunkard, he is condemned to live the life of an ''Amanush'' — half human, and half beast. As a debauched vagabond, he raises his voice on behalf of the downtrodden who suffer under the highhanded and corrupt Ghosal. This brings him face to face with the law enforcers, who are often hand in glove with the wily Ghosal.<br />
<br />
It is in this backdrop that Inspector Bhuvan ([[Anil Chatterjee]]) lands in the village, where Ghosal 'fills his ears' against Madhu. Bhuvan, without going into merits of the case, acts harshly on Madhu, even whipping him at the police station. However, he soon learns the story of Madhu and his estranged love interest, Lekha ([[Sharmila Tagore]]).<br />
<br />
In a flashback, Madhu tells him how he was entrapped in a fake case of theft in his own house, whereon his ailing paternal uncle, under the influence of the munim, handed him over to the police. He is also accused of fathering a child through a prostitute. Before he can prove his innocence the woman is abducted and killed at the behest of Mahim. On completing his prison sentence, Madhu returns to his village, only to find that his uncle has been murdered by the munim, who shows it as a case of natural death.<br />
<br />
Thereon, Bhuvan embarks on a mission to reform Madhu and gets him a contract for building a dam in an adjoining village. A determined Madhu, with his two sidekicks, completes the job commendably. He even wins back the confidence of Lekha, whom he saves from drunken streamer operators one night. But the ice is finally broken when the village is endangered by raging flood waters that threaten to breach the dam. All villagers persuade Madhu to take the mantle of saving the village, but he spurns them, blaming them for his misery. Finally, on a visit by Rekha he relents, and saves the dam and the village from havoc.<br />
<br />
Meanwhile, Madhu's honour is restored, as is his love interest. Ghosal is arrested for his wrongdoings by Bhuvan, even as he is transferred to a new posting.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Roshmila Bhattacharya |date=Aug 19, 2020 |title=This Week That Year: Utpal Dutt-From the stage to the Sundarbans |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/this-week-that-year-utpal-dutt-from-the-stage-to-the-sundarbans/articleshow/77619583.cms |access-date=2022-12-07 |website=Bangalore Mirror |language=en |archive-date=7 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207062535/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/this-week-that-year-utpal-dutt-from-the-stage-to-the-sundarbans/articleshow/77619583.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}<br />
*[[Uttam Kumar]] as Madhusudan "Madhu" Roy Chowdhury<br />
*[[Sharmila Tagore]] as Rekha<br />
*[[Prema Narayan]] as Maton aka Dhanno<br />
*[[Anil Chatterjee]] as Police Inspector Bhuvan Roy<br />
*[[Utpal Dutt]] as Mahim Ghosal<br />
*[[Abhi Bhattacharya]] as Dr. Anand, Lekha's elder brother<br />
*[[Manmohan (actor)|Manmohan]] as Sanatan<br />
*[[Asit Sen (actor)|Asit Sen]] as Pujari<br />
*Manik Dutt<br />
*[[Tarun Ghosh]] as Pada<br />
*Rajni Gupta<br />
*Subroto Mahapatra as Jyoti<br />
*Amol Sen as Constable<br />
*[[Probir Roy]]<br />
*[[Shambhu Bhattacharya]] as Omar Singh<br />
*[[Prabhat Roy]] as the launch driver<br />
<br />
{{div col end}}<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
The film was based on Shaktipada Rajguru's novel ''Naya Basat'' which he written based on the people of Sundarban and there lifestyle.<br />
<br />
This is the second Hindi film of Uttam after ''Choti Si Mulaqat'' in 1967 which he produced himself. But that failed to create any record and became a disaster at the box office, he didn't act in Hindi films till Shakti Samanta convinced him to work.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-03 |title=Uttam Kumar's tryst with Hindi Cinema |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/uttam-kumars-tryst-with-hindi-cinema-11172091.html/amp |access-date=2022-11-14 |website=Firstpost |language=en |archive-date=14 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221114121029/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/uttam-kumars-tryst-with-hindi-cinema-11172091.html/amp |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
Generally this film was shot in [[Sandeshkhali]], [[Sundarbans]]. The name of the village where the shooting took place is [[Bhangatushkhali]]. The name of that village was shown in the film as Dhanekhali. For the purpose of shooting, about forty houses, zamindarbari, doctor's office, market, Radhagobindar temple, police station, school were built here. That Radhagobindar temple and the wooden bungalow where Uttam Kumar lived are still there. There is also that launch. Uttam Kumar would easily mingle with the people of the village during the shooting. He used to take children in his lap. He even helped people with money. That is why even today, on the day of his death on 24 July, a wreath is laid on his picture, which is a cultural event.<ref>{{Cite web |last=বসু |first=নির্মল |title=উত্তম থেকে দেব, হিট সন্দেশখালি |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/24-parganas/উত-তম-থ-ক-দ-ব-হ-ট-সন-দ-শখ-ল-1.207280 |access-date=2022-04-20 |website=www.anandabazar.com|language=bn}}</ref><br />
<br />
Shakti Samanta wanted to made this film in double version Hindi and Bengali for Kumar. Director [[Prabhat Roy]] (who also assistant director of this film) remained the shooting of this film.{{clarify|date=April 2022}} While shooting the song "Ki Ashay Bandhi Khelaghar" on the launch. They had lost the track in the deep jungle. Then Shakti Samanta saw a small light reflected from a grocer shop. When the shopkeeper came and saw Uttam Kumar he immediately ran away. Some moments later they see hundreds of people gathering in the bank of the river to see their guru Uttam Kumar.<ref name="oli-goli">{{Cite web |title='অমানুষিক' উত্তম কুমার – অলি গলি |url=https://oli-goli.com/amanush-uttam-kumar/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |language=en-US |archive-date=18 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518130651/http://ww38.oli-goli.com/amanush-uttam-kumar/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Soundtrack==<br />
{{Infobox album <br />
| name = Amanush <br />
| type = film score <br />
| artist = [[Shyamal Mitra]] <br />
| label = Sa Re Ga Ma <br />
| genre = Featured Film Soundtrack, Bengali Ghazals <br />
| recorded = 1974 <br />
| released = 1975 <br />
| producer = Shakti Samanta<br />
| studio = Shakti Films<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Bengali ===<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| total_length = 21:35<br />
| all_lyrics = [[Gauriprasanna Mazumder]]<br />
| all_music = [[Shyamal Mitra]]<br />
| title1 = Bipin Babur Karon Sudha<br />
| length1 = 4:04<br />
| lyrics1 = Gauriprasanna Mazumder<br />
| music1 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra1 = [[Kishore Kumar]]<br />
| title2 = Ki Ashay Bandhi Khelaghor<br />
| length2 = 4:29<br />
| lyrics2 = Gauriprasanna Mazumder<br />
| music2 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra2 = Kishore Kumar<br />
| title3 = Jodi Hoyi Chor Kanta<br />
| length3 = 3:20<br />
| lyrics3 = Gauriprasanna Mazumder<br />
| music3 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra3 = Kishore Kumar<br />[[Asha Bhosle]]<br />
| title4 = Jani Na Aaj Je Apon<br />
| length4 = 2:42<br />
| lyrics4 = Gauriprasanna Mazumder<br />
| music4 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra4 = Asha Bhosle<br />
| title5 = Na Na Na Omon Kore<br />
| length5 = 3:10<br />
| lyrics5 = Gauriprasanna Mazumder<br />
| music5 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra5 = Asha Bhosle<br />
| title6 = Jokhon Manusher Dukhe Debtara Kande<br />
| length6 = 3:22<br />
| lyrics6 = Gauriprasanna Mazumder<br />
| music6 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra6 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Hindi===<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| total_length = 23:27<br />
| all_lyrics = [[Indeevar]]<br />
| title1 = Na Puchho Koi Humein<br />
| length1 = 4:26<br />
| lyrics1 = Indeevar<br />
| music1 = [[Shyamal Mitra]]<br />
| extra1 = [[Kishore Kumar]]<br />
| title2 = Dil Aisa Kisi Ne Mera Toda<br />
| length2 = 5:07<br />
| lyrics2 = Indeevar<br />
| music2 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra2 = Kishore Kumar<br />
| title3 = Tere Gaalon Ko Choomoon<br />
| length3 = 2:58<br />
| lyrics3 = Indeevar<br />
| music3 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra3 = Kishore Kumar and [[Asha Bhosle]]<br />
| title4 = Kal Ke Apne Na Jaane Kyun<br />
| length4 = 4:05<br />
| lyrics4 = Indeevar<br />
| music4 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra4 = Asha Bhosle<br />
| title5 = Gham Ki Dawaa To Pyaar Hai<br />
| length5 = 3:05<br />
| lyrics5 = Indeevar<br />
| music5 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra5 = Asha Bhosle<br />
| title6 = Nadiya Mein Lahre Naachein<br />
| length6 = 3:46<br />
| lyrics6 = Indeevar<br />
| music6 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
| extra6 = Shyamal Mitra<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The mukhda of song 'Gham ki data to pyar hai' is very similar to the song 'Shokh nazar ki bijaliyaan' from the movie ''[[Mera Saaya]]''.<br />
<br />
==Release==<br />
This was a double version film. Shoot stimulationally Hindi and Bengali. The Bengali version was released in 1974 at [[Durga Puja]]. The Hindi version was released on 21 March 1975.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pothukuchi |first=Madhavi |date=2019-07-07 |title=In Uttam Kumar & Sharmila Tagore’s film ‘Amanush’, floods restore faith in human spirit |url=https://theprint.in/feature/reel-take/in-uttam-kumar-sharmila-tagores-film-amanush-floods-restore-faith-in-human-spirit/259801/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251126045300/https://theprint.in/feature/reel-take/in-uttam-kumar-sharmila-tagores-film-amanush-floods-restore-faith-in-human-spirit/259801/ |archive-date=2025-11-26 |access-date=2025-11-26 |website=[[ThePrint]] |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Reception==<br />
===Reviews===<br />
[[The Hindu]] wrote in a article 2013 ''Uttam Kumar, numero uno of the deeply entrenched Bengali cinema, is a case in point, as he managed to get roles in only a few Hindi films before his untimely death at the age of 53 in 1980. One only needs to watch Shakti Samantha’s “Amanush” (made simultaneously in Bengali and Hindi) to marvel at the scope of the man’s histrionic capabilities. Kumar shines as Madhusudan Roy Chaudhary, or Madhu, a straightforward scion of a zamindar family settled in a fishing village in the Sunderbans. He reflects angst and anger with understated ease after his life is ripped asunder by the machinations of the family munim, Maheem Ghosal (a superlative performance by veteran Utpal Dutt). Reduced to a penniless drunkard, he is condemned to live the life of an amanush — half human, and half beast. As a debauched vagabond, he raises his voice on behalf of the downtrodden who suffer under the highhanded and corrupt Ghosal. This brings him face to face with the law enforcers, who are often hand in glove with the wily Ghosal.''<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-08-22 |title=Amanush (1975) |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/amanush-1975/article5049063.ece |access-date=2024-10-16 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[ThePrint|The Print]] wrote in 2022 ''Uttam Kumar does a brilliant job of bringing out the angst and the anger of the character, while also making you empathise with him throughout. Sharmila Tagore's Rekha is a strong woman, who is conflicted between her love for Madhu and the hurt of his betrayal. Utpal Dutt as the vicious villain is the one who shines throughout the film, and actually makes you forget that it is the same Utpal Dutt who was a master comedic actor.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pothukuchi |first=Madhavi |date=2019-07-07 |title=In Uttam Kumar & Sharmila Tagore's film 'Amanush', floods restore faith in human spirit |url=https://theprint.in/features/reel-take/in-uttam-kumar-sharmila-tagores-film-amanush-floods-restore-faith-in-human-spirit/259801/ |access-date=2022-11-14 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US |archive-date=14 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221114124141/https://theprint.in/features/reel-take/in-uttam-kumar-sharmila-tagores-film-amanush-floods-restore-faith-in-human-spirit/259801/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
===Box office===<br />
The Bengali version create a record at Bengal box office and become golden jubilee hit. In a theater the film take a long run as 96 weeks. This is the longest running and most successful film of Kumar entire career. The Bengali version collected a record ₹1.8 Crore. The film became highest grossing Bengali film ever of that time. Hindi version become also success and become silver jubilee hit. But at the Bengaluru Swapna theater the film ran for 65 weeks. This was first and only successful Hindi film of Uttam Kumar's career.<ref name="oli-goli" /><br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
* [[Filmfare Awards]]<br />
** [[23rd Filmfare Awards|1976]]: [[Filmfare Award for Best Film]] - Shakti Samanta (Nominated)<br />
** [[23rd Filmfare Awards|1976]]: [[Filmfare Award for Best Director]] - Shakti Samanta (Nominated)<br />
** [[23rd Filmfare Awards|1976]]: [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor]] - Uttam Kumar (Nominated)<br />
** 1976: [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress]] - Prema Narayan (Nominated)<br />
** 1976: [[Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Filmfare Award Best Male Playback Singer]] - Kishore Kumar for the song "Dil Aisa Kisine Mera Toda"<br />
** 1976: [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] - Asha Bhosle for the song "Kal Ke Apne" (Nominated)<br />
** 1976: [[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist|Filmfare Award Best Lyricist]] - Indevaar<br />
** 1976: [[Filmfare Special Award]] - Uttam Kumar<br />
** [[Filmfare Awards East|Filmfare Awards East for Best Film]] - Amanush (1975)<br />
** [[Filmfare Awards East|Filmfare East Award for Best Actor]] - Uttam Kumar (1975)<br />
* [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards]]<br />
** 1975: [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Actor Award|Bengal Film Journalists' Association - Best Actor Award]] - Uttam Kumar<br />
<br />
==Remakes==<br />
For the popularity of this film this was remade in South India with [[N. T. Rama Rao]] in a Telugu remake called ''[[Edureeta]]'' in 1977; the Tamil remake was ''[[Thyagam]]'' with Sivaji Ganesan in 1978; the remake in Malayalam in 1978 was title ''[[Ithaa Oru Manushyan]]''.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb title|0246420}}<br />
[[Category:1974 films]]<br />
[[Category:1975 films]]<br />
[[Category:1974 Bengali-language films]]<br />
[[Category:1974 Hindi-language films]]<br />
[[Category:1974 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:1974 multilingual films]]<br />
[[Category:1975 multilingual films]]<br />
[[Category:1974 action films]]<br />
[[Category:1975 action films]]<br />
[[Category:1974 crime drama films]]<br />
[[Category:1975 crime drama films]]<br />
[[Category:1974 drama films]]<br />
[[Category:1975 drama films]]<br />
[[Category:1970s action drama films]]<br />
[[Category:1970s crime action films]]<br />
[[Category:1970s masala films]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Shakti Samanta]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language action films]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language action drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language romantic action films]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language crime action films]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language crime drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by Shyamal Mitra]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on Bengali novels]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on works by Shaktipada Rajguru]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on Indian novels]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali films remade in other languages]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi films remade in other languages]]<br />
[[Category:Indian multilingual films]]<br />
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the West Bengal Police]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in the 1970s]]<br />
[[Category:Films about death]]<br />
[[Category:Films about missing people]]<br />
[[Category:Films about kidnapping in India]]<br />
[[Category:Films about homelessness]]<br />
[[Category:Films about organised crime in India]]<br />
[[Category:Films about prostitution in India]]<br />
[[Category:Films about smuggling]]<br />
[[Category:Films about theft]]<br />
[[Category:Indian films about revenge]]<br />
[[Category:Indian pregnancy films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian vigilante films]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mayiladuthurai_Sarangapani&diff=517016Mayiladuthurai Sarangapani2026-03-05T21:02:47Z<p>KatherinSteger: made a page</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2026}}<br />
<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Mayiladuthurai Sarangapani<br />
| image = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_name = Mayavaram Sarangapani<br />
| birth_date = 1947<br />
| birth_place = Mudikondan, [[Mayiladuthurai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India<br />
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1965|03|15|1947|01|01|df=y}}<br />
| death_place = [[A.V.C. College]], [[Mayiladuthurai]], Tamil Nadu, India<br />
| death_cause = [[Burn]]s from [[self-immolation]]<br />
| occupation = [[Student]], [[Tamil people|Tamil]] activist<br />
| known_for = Self-immolation for the [[Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu|Anti-Hindi agitations]] movement<br />
}}<br />
'''Mayiladuthurai Sarangapani''' (1947–1965), also known as '''Mayavaram Sarangapani''', was a student and participant in the anti-Hindi agitations who died by [[self-immolation]] during the [[Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu|anti-Hindi agitations in 1965]], amid protests over the implementation of Hindi as the sole official language under the [[Official Languages Act, 1963]], enacted by the [[Government of India|Union Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ஏன் மொழிப் போராளிகளை நாம் நினைவுகூர வேண்டும்? |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/opinion/columns/30296-.html |access-date=2 December 2021 |website=Hindu Tamil Thisai |language=ta}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
=== Agitation of 1937–1940 ===<br />
{{Main|Anti-Hindi agitation of 1937–1940}}<br />
<br />
The anti-Hindi agitations in Tamil Nadu involve several mass protests, riots, student and political movements in Tamil Nadu concerning the official status of [[Hindi]] in the state. The first anti-Hindi agitation was launched in 1937 after the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) won the [[1937 Madras legislative assembly election|1937 elections]] in [[Madras Presidency|Madras Province]]. The INC government was led by [[C. Rajagopalachari]] (Rajaji). On 11 August 1937,<ref name="venu2">{{cite book |last=Venu |first=E.Es. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=83xIAAAAMAAJ |title=Why South opposes Hindi |publisher=Justice Publications |year=1979 |pages=54}}</ref> within a month of coming to power, he announced his intention to introduce Hindi language teaching in secondary schools by issuing a policy statement.<ref name="more">{{Harvnb|More|1997|pp=156–159}}</ref> This move was immediately opposed by [[Periyar E. V. Ramasamy|E. V. Ramasamy]] (Periyar) and the opposition [[Justice Party (India)|Justice Party]] (later [[Dravidar Kazhagam]]).<br />
<br />
The agitation, which lasted for about 30 months, was multifaceted and involved [[Fasting|fasts]], conferences, marches, picketing and protests. The government responded with a crackdown resulting in the death of two protesters and the arrest of 1,198 persons including women and children. Mandatory Hindi education was later withdrawn by the British governor of Madras [[John Erskine, Lord Erskine|Lord Erskine]], in February 1940 after the resignation of the Congress government in 1939.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Passions of the Tongue |url=https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft5199n9v7;brand=ucpress |access-date=11 February 2026 |website=publishing.cdlib.org}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Agitation of 1965 ===<br />
{{Main|Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu}}<br />
<br />
After India's independence in 1947, the new Constitution, which came into effect on [[Republic Day (India)|26 January 1950]], provided that Hindi would become the sole official language of the Union government after 26 January 1965. The [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (DMK), which split from the Dravidar Kazhagam in 1949, inherited the anti-Hindi policies of its parent organisation. DMK founder [[C. N. Annadurai|C.N. Annadurai]] had earlier participated in the anti-Hindi imposition agitations of 1938–40 and again in the 1940s.<ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
In July 1953, the DMK launched the [[Kallakudi demonstration]] to protest the renaming of the town of [[Kallakudi]] as [[Dalmiapuram]]. The party argued that the new name, derived from industrialist [[Ramkrishna Dalmia]], symbolised North Indian exploitation of South India.<ref name="mills">{{cite book |last1=Mills |first1=James H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2hIUBioZHHQC&pg=PT151 |title=Confronting the body: the politics of physicality in colonial and post-colonial India |last2=Sen |first2=Satadru |publisher=Anthem Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-84331-033-4 |page=151}}</ref><ref name="sangam">{{cite web |author=Sachi Sri Kantha |date=16 September 2009 |title=Anna in the dock (1953) |url=http://www.sangam.org/2009/09/Anna_Centennial_3.php?print=true |access-date=24 November 2009 |work=Anna's Birth Centennial Anthology Part 3 |publisher=Sangam.org}}</ref><br />
<br />
As 26 January 1965 approached, the anti-Hindi agitation in [[Madras State]] intensified in both scale and urgency. In January 1965, the Tamil Nadu Students' Anti-Hindi Agitation Council was formed as an umbrella student organisation to coordinate the protests.<ref name="annamalai1">{{cite book |last=Annamalai |first=E |title=Language movements in India |publisher=Central Institute of Indian Languages |year=1979 |chapter=Language Movements Against Hindi as An Official Language |chapter-url=http://www.ciil-ebooks.net/html/langMove/hinoff.html}}</ref><ref name="widmalm">{{cite book |last=Widmalm |first=Sten |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eOnwrHsyXDQC |title=Kashmir in comparative perspective: democracy and violent separatism in India |publisher=Routledge |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-7007-1578-7 |page=107}}</ref> Several student conferences were held across the state to oppose the imposition of Hindi.<ref name="Hardgrave">{{Cite journal |last=Hardgrave |first=Robert L. |date=August 1965 |title=The Riots in Tamilnad: Problems and Prospects of India's Language Crisis |journal=Asian Survey |publisher=University of California Press |volume=5 |issue=8 |pages=399–407 |doi=10.2307/2642412 |jstor=2642412}}</ref><br />
<br />
On 16 January, Annadurai announced that 26 January ([[Republic Day (India)|India's Republic Day]]) would be observed as a day of mourning.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Sandipan |date=26 January 2026 |title=1965: When Republic Day became a morning of mourning in Madras |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/1965-anti-hindi-agitation-madras-student-protests-indira-gandhi-intervention-tamil-nadu-language-policy-2857880-2026-01-26 |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> On 25 January, a clash between protesting students and Congress Party workers in [[Madurai]] escalated into a riot. The violence quickly spread to other parts of the state.<ref name="Hardgrave"/><ref name="kalachuvadu">{{cite web |date=October 2008 |title=Interview with Pa. Seyaprakasam |url=http://www.kalachuvadu.com/issue-106/page32.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505141357/http://www.kalachuvadu.com/issue-106/page32.asp |archive-date=5 May 2009 |access-date=24 November 2009 |work=Kalachuvadu Magazine |publisher=Kalachuvadu Publishers |language=ta}}</ref><br />
<br />
The police responded with lathi charges and opened fire on student processions. During the two weeks of unrest, around 70 people were killed according to official estimates, while some unofficial reports placed the death toll as high as 500. A large number of students were arrested, and property damage was estimated at ten million rupees.<ref name="ramaswamy530a">{{Harvnb|Ramaswamy|1997|loc=ch. 5.30 (The Devotee as Martyr)}}</ref><ref name="Hardgrave"/><br />
<br />
=== Mayiladuthurai agitation ===<br />
Sarangapani was a second-year [[Bachelor of Commerce|B.Com]] student at [[A.V.C. College]] in Mayiladuthurai (formerly known as Mayavaram). He came from a farming family in the village of Mudikondan, which is located on the state highway between Mayiladuthurai and [[Thiruvarur]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=தமிழுக்காகத் தம்மை இழந்த மொழிப்போர் ஈகியர் – 12 |url=https://keetru.com/index.php/2018-01-12-05-57-50/2014-03-08-04-39-26/2014-03-14-11-17-85/37190-12-2 |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=keetru.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 August 2024 |title=95 வயது காசாம்பு அம்மாள் – தமிழே.. உயிரே.. |url=https://angusam.com/tamil-dear/ |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=Angusam News – Online News Portal about Tamilnadu |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=வி.தேவதாசன் |date=2015-01-25 |title=உலக வரலாற்றில் ஒரு மொழிப் போர் |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/others/29228-.html |access-date=2026-02-12 |website=Hindu Tamil Thisai |language=ta}}</ref><br />
<br />
Sarangapani and his friends were concerned about the violence in Madurai involving members of the INC and the subsequent police action, including reported attacks and firing on students. In March 1965, he and his friends went to the Government Girls' School on Pattamangalam Street in Mayiladuthurai, where classes were in session, and urged the students to boycott classes and participate in the anti-Hindi protest.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=மொழிப்போர் 1965: செந்தமிழுக்கு ஒரு தீங்கு வந்த பின்னும்.......... |url=https://news7tamil.live/the-history-of-the-language-struggle-even-after-a-harm-befell-pure-tamil.html |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=News7 Tamil |language=ta}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Self-immolation ==<br />
On 15 March 1965, in the early morning on the campus of A.V.C. College, Sarangapani set himself on fire while shouting, "Tamil Vazhga! Hindi Ozhiga!" (loosely translated as "Long live Tamil! Down with Hindi!"). The act was described as a form of protest against the Indian National Congress (INC) Union Government's language policies promoting Hindi, as well as against reported police action against students and the deployment of paramilitary forces in parts of Madras State.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bose |first=Subash Chandra |date=19 February 2025 |title=Tamil Nadu's battle against Hindi imposition: A legacy of resistance |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/news/tamil-nadus-battle-against-hindi-imposition-a-legacy-of-resistance/ |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=The South First {{!}} News, Politics, Sports, Entertainment & Live Updates |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://ia904500.us.archive.org/5/items/hindi-imposition-papers-volume-3-history-of-anti-hindi-imposition-agitations-in-tamil-nadu/Hindi%20Imposition%20Papers%20(Volume%203)%20History%20of%20Anti-Hindi%20Imposition%20Agitations%20in%20Tamil%20Nadu.pdf |title=Hindi Imposition Papers (Volume 3): History of Anti-Hindi Imposition Agitations in Tamil Nadu |publisher=Internet Archive |access-date=12 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=COLLINS |first=SJ MICHAEL |date=25 January 2026 |title=Echoes of a language rebellion |url=https://www.dtnext.in/news/tamilnadu/echoes-of-a-language-rebellion |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=DT Next |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Veerapandian |first=Suba |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=joFSEQAAQBAJ&dq=Mayavaram+Sarangapani+self+Immolation&pg=PT177 |title=Sociopolitical Movements of a Century in Tamil Nadu |date=10 June 2025 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-040-39251-5 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Kannan |first=R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=USfI9rPtpygC&dq=Mayavaram+Sarangapani+self+Immolation&pg=PT329 |title=Anna: The Life and Times of C.N. Annadurai |date=13 June 2017 |publisher=Penguin UK |isbn=978-81-8475-313-4 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
On the same day, he was transported to Thanjavur Medical College Hospital for specialized treatment for his burn injuries. Despite medical efforts, he later succumbed to his injuries.<ref name=":0" /><br />
<br />
== Honors and recognition ==<br />
In recognition of his sacrifice, a statue of Sarangapani was erected on the campus of A.V.C. College, Mayiladuthurai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=மயிலாடுதுறை |first=எஸ் ஜெகநாதன் |date=25 January 2025 |title=மொழிப் போர் தியாகிகள் தினம் – மயிலாடுதுறை சாரங்கபாணிக்கு அஞ்சலி செலுத்த திரளும் கட்சிகள் |url=https://tamil.abplive.com/news/mayiladuthurai/on-the-occasion-of-language-war-martyrs-day-a-large-number-of-people-paid-their-respects-to-mayiladuthurai-student-sarangapani-213801 |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=ABP Nadu |language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=25 January 2026 |title=மொழிப்போர் தியாகிகள் நினைவு தினம்: திமுக, அதிமுகவினர் மழையில் நனைந்தவாறு அஞ்சலி |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/ta/state/dmk-and-admk-parties-paid-respects-at-mayiladuthurai-on-language-martyrs-day-tamil-nadu-news-tns26012501887 |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=மயிலாடுதுறை |first=எஸ் ஜெகநாதன் |date=25 January 2023 |title=மொழிப்போர் தியாகிகள் நினைவு ஸ்தூபி அருகே திமுக பேனர்கள் – அதிமுக எதிர்ப்பு |url=https://tamil.abplive.com/news/tamil-nadu/tribute-to-mayiladuthurai-language-war-martyrs-sarangapani-tnn-98114 |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=ABP Nadu |language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=மயிலாடுதுறை |first=எஸ் ஜெகநாதன் |date=16 March 2022 |title=மயிலாடுதுறையில் மொழிப்போரில் உயிர்நீத்த தியாகி சாரங்கபாணிக்கு தமிழார்வலர்கள் நினைவஞ்சலி |url=https://tamil.abplive.com/news/thanjavur/tamil-activists-pay-tribute-to-tiyagi-sarangapani-who-died-in-the-language-war-in-mayiladuthurai-44165 |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=ABP Nadu |language=ta}}</ref> Additionally, a railway bridge in the town has been named after him.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 November 2025 |title=Restoration of 50-year-old Sarangapani Bridge in Mayiladuthurai in final phase |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/restoration-of-50-year-old-sarangapani-bridge-in-mayiladuthurai-in-final-phase/article70259285.ece |access-date=12 February 2026 |work=The Hindu |publisher=The Hindu Bureau |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Salahudeen |first=Mohamed |date=30 September 2025 |title=Sarangapani flyover to be closed for repairs, traffic diversion announced |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2025/Sep/30/sarangapani-flyover-to-be-closed-for-repairs-traffic-diversion-announced |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Syndication |date=26 December 2025 |title=மயிலாடுதுறை சாரங்கபாணி ரயில்வே மேம்பாலம் ஜன.5-இல் திறப்பு |url=https://www.dinamani.com/all-editions/edition-nagapattinam/mayiladuthurai/2025/Dec/26/mayiladuthurai-sarangapani-railway-overbridge-will-be-inaugurated-on-january-5th |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=Dinamani |language=ta}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{Cite news |last= |first= |title=Self Immolation of Tamil Martyrs in Tamil Nadu, 1965 |url=http://www.tamiltribune.com/04/0101-anti-hindi-self-immolations.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001014154/http://www.tamiltribune.com/04/0101-anti-hindi-self-immolations.html |archive-date=2010-10-01}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:People from Mayiladuthurai district]]<br />
[[Category:1965 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:1947 births]]<br />
[[Category:Suicides in India]]<br />
[[Category:Suicides by self-immolation in India]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jindal_Stainless&diff=506280Jindal Stainless2026-03-04T18:09:11Z<p>KatherinSteger: created new pg</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian multinational stainless steel company}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}<br />
{{Infobox company<br />
| name = Jindal Stainless Limited<br />
| logo = Jindal Stainless Limited.svg<br />
| logo_size = 250px<br />
| image = <br />
| type = [[Public company|Public]]<br />
| traded_as = {{Unbulleted list|{{BSE|532508}}|{{NSE|JSL}} }}<br />
| ISIN = {{ISIN|sl=n|pl=y|INE220G01021}}<br />
| founder = [[Om Prakash Jindal]]<br />
| industry = [[Stainless Steel]]<br />
| location = [[New Delhi]], India<br />
| key_people = {{ubl|Ratan Jindal (Chairman)|Abhyuday Jindal (Managing Director)|Tarun Kumar Khulbe (CEO)}}<br />
| area_served = Worldwide<br />
| products = Slabs <br /> Hot & Cold rolled coils <br /> Slabs <br /> Blooms <br /> Plates <br /> Coin Blanks<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=https://www.jindalstainless.com/products/ |title=Products |publisher=jindalstainless.com |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref><br />
| revenue = {{up}}{{INRConvert|38721|c}} (2024)<ref name='jsl'>[https://www.moneycontrol.com/financials/jindalstainless/consolidated-profit-lossVI/JSL01#JSL01"JSL Profit & Loss Accounts"]</ref><br />
| operating_income = {{up}}{{INRConvert|3539|c}} (2024)<ref name='jsl'/><br />
| net_income = {{up}}{{INRConvert|2640|c}} (2024)<ref name='jsl'/><br />
| assets = {{up}}{{INRConvert|30817|c}} (2024)<ref name='jsl1'>[https://www.moneycontrol.com/financials/jindalstainless/consolidated-balance-sheetVI/JSL01#JSL01"JSL Balance Sheet"]</ref><br />
| equity = {{up}}{{INRConvert|14357|c}} (2024)<ref name='jsl1'/><br />
| num_employees = 20,000<br />
| subsid = Jindal Lifestyle Limited<br />Jindal Stainless Steelway Limited<br />Jindal Defence<br />PT Jindal Stainless, Indonesia<br />Iber Jindal Spain<br / >J.S.S. Steeliatalia Limited<br />Jindal Stainless FZE, Dubai <ref name="auto2">{{cite web |url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/stock/jindal-stainless-ltd_jsl/reports |title=Jindal Stainless Ltd |publisher=ndtv.com |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="auto5">{{cite web |url=https://www.bseindia.com/xml-data/corpfiling/AttachHis/b648e758-bf19-4d89-97e2-844dc50e9d08.pdf |title=Jindal Stainless BSE |publisher=bseindia.com |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref><br />
| homepage = {{URL|https://www.jindalstainless.com/}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Jindal Stainless Limited''' is an Indian [[stainless steel]] maker headquartered in [[New Delhi]]. It is a part of [[Om Prakash Jindal|OP Jindal group]]. The firm has a melt capacity of 2.9 million tonnes per annum which makes it the largest stainless steel producer of India. Incorporated in 1970, it ranks among the top 5 stainless steel makers of the world.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/jindal-stainless-targets-top-3-spot-globally-lines-up-rs-2-5-crore-capex/3091853/ |title= Jindal Stainless targets top-3 spot globally; lines up Rs 2.5-crore capex |publisher=financialexpress.com |access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto5"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.livemint.com/market/stock-market-news/jindal-stainless-announces-special-interim-dividend-for-fy-22-23-record-date-fixed-11681816448252.html |title=Jindal Stainless Announces Special Interim Dividend |publisher=livemint.com |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref><br />
<br />
Jindal Stainless has two stainless steel manufacturing complexes in India, in the states of [[Haryana]] and [[Odisha]] and one overseas manufacturing unit in Indonesia. It has 14 global offices across the world.<ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3">{{cite web |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/company-facts/jindalstainless/history/JSL01 |title= Company History:Jindal Stainless |publisher=moneycontrol.com |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> Its Managing Director, [[Abhyuday Jindal]] is the current president of the [[Indian Chamber of Commerce]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=shivampatel1 |date=2024-10-21 |title=Abhyuday Jindal Named New President of Indian Chamber of Commerce |url=https://currentaffairs.adda247.com/abhyuday-jindal-named-new-president-of-indian-chamber-of-commerce/ |access-date=2024-10-21 |website=adda247 |language=en-IN}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
In 1970, O.P. Jindal founded a mini steel plant named Jindal Strips Limited at [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/jindal-stainless-ltd-expects-20-volume-growth-following-removal-of-export-restrictions-and-surge-in-domestic-demand-11684342913907.html |title= JSL Expects volume to grow by 20% this fiscal |publisher=livemint.com |access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref><br />
<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto2"/> It started manufacturing hot rolled carbon steel coils, plates, slabs and blooms. It was the beginning of the story for Jindal Stainless. Over the years, the company expanded its capacity at Hisar. In 2002, Jindal Strips was restructured as Jindal Stainless. In 2003, Jindal Stainless set up its integrated stainless steel plant at Jajpur in Odisha with a capacity scalable up to 3.2 MTPA. The plant became operational in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.equitypandit.com/jindal-stainless-shares-rise-7-after-q4-profit-beats-forecasts/ |title= Jindal Stainless Shares Rise 7% After Q4 Profit Beats Forecasts|date= 18 May 2023|publisher=equitypandit.com |access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="auto3"/><br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
The plants of Jindal Stainless are located in [[Jajpur]], Odisha and Hisar, Haryana.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/stock/jindal-stainless-ltd_jsl/reports |title=Jindal Stainless Ltd |publisher=ndtv.com.com |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> The Jajpur facility started operating in 1970 while the Hisar plant was made operational in the year 1975. The plants comprise 2.9 million tonnes per annum of stainless steel melting facilities.<ref name="auto2"/> The Jajpur plant has a melting capacity of 2.1 MTPA. The plant has a captive power generation facility of 264 MW. The Hisar plant has a melting capacity of 0.8 MTPA. It is also India's largest producer of coin blanks.<ref name="auto2"/><br />
<br />
Jindal Stainless steel unveiled world's first off-grid Green hydrogen based Stainless steel plant in Hisar, Haryana with technology from Hygenco, a [[Gurgaon]] based renewable firm.<ref>{{cite web | title=India - the world's second-largest producer of crude steel goes green with Green Hydrogen | date=16 March 2024 | url=https://www.hydrogennewsletter.com/india-the-worlds-second-largest-producer-of-crude-steel-go-green-with-green-hydrogen/ }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title=Press Release:Press Information Bureau | url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2011214 | access-date=2025-12-30 | website=www.pib.gov.in}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Products==<br />
JSL produces a variety of products in both facilities. Its product range comprises the following:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://theprint.in/business/indias-jindal-stainless-q4-profit-falls-as-higher-costs-outweigh-demand/1579416/ |title= India's Jindal Stainless Q4 profit falls as higher costs outweigh demand|date= 17 May 2023|publisher=theprint.in |access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref><br />
<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><br />
<br />
* Stainless Steel Slabs <br />
* Cold Rolled Coils <br />
* Hot Rolled Coils <br />
* Slabs <br />
* Blooms <br />
* Plates <br />
* Coin Blanks <br />
* Precision Strips <br />
* Razor Blades<ref>{{cite web |url=https://mintgenie.livemint.com/news/markets/jindal-stainless-shares-gain-over-8-despite-a-20-yoy-drop-in-q4-net-profit-here-s-why-151684390649157 |title=jindal stainless shares gain over 8 despite a 20 yoy drop in Q4 net profit |publisher=mintgenie.livemint.com |access-date=18 May 2023 |archive-date=18 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230518105108/https://mintgenie.livemint.com/news/markets/jindal-stainless-shares-gain-over-8-despite-a-20-yoy-drop-in-q4-net-profit-here-s-why-151684390649157 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Initiatives==<br />
Jindal Stainless has set a target to become an [[Greenhouse gas emissions|emission free]] entity by the year 2050.<ref name="auto4">{{cite web |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/industry/energy/story/jindal-stainless-partners-with-renew-power-to-setup-300-mw-renewable-energy-project-355301-2022-12-05 |title= Jindal Stainless partners with ReNew Power, to setup 300 MW renewable energy project |date= 5 December 2022 |publisher=businesstoday.com |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> In FY22, it reduced carbon emissions by 1.4 lakh tonnes.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/jsl-reduced-14-lakh-tons-co2-emission-in-fy22-md-abhyuday-jindal/article66356270.ece |title= JSL reduced 1.4 lakh tons CO2 emission in FY22: MD Abhyuday Jindal |date= 9 January 2023 |publisher=thehindubusinessline.com |access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref> The firm has made a collaboration with ReNew Power <ref name="auto4"/><ref name="auto1">{{cite web |url=https://www.steeltimesint.com/news/jindal-stainless-to-build-green-hydrogen-plant |title= Jindal Stainless to build green hydrogen plant |publisher=steeltimesint.com |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> to set up a ~300 MW wind-solar hybrid renewable energy project at its Jajpur plant.<ref name="auto1"/><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Stainless steel]]<br />
[[Category:Steel companies of India]]<br />
[[Category:manufacturing companies based in Delhi]]<br />
[[Category:Companies based in New Delhi]]<br />
[[Category:Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India]]<br />
[[Category:Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladaaku&diff=456266Ladaaku2026-03-03T23:52:12Z<p>KatherinSteger: updated details</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}<br />
{{one source|date=December 2017}}<br />
<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Ladaaku<br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| director = [[Dinesh Ramanesh]]<br />
| producer = [[K. K. Jain]]<br/>[[Kanti Kanakia]]<br />
| screenplay = <br />
| story = <br />
| starring = [[Amjad Khan (actor)|Amjad Khan]]<br/>[[Sarika]]<br/>[[Raj Kiran (actor)|Raj Kiran]]<br/>[[Jagdeep]]<br/>[[Ranjeet]]<br />
| music = [[Usha Khanna]]<br />
| cinematography = <br />
| editing = <br />
| distributor = <br />
| released = {{Film date|1981}}<br />
| runtime = <br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Hindi<br />
| budget = <!--Must cite a reliable published source with a reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb. no fan-sites.--><br />
| gross = <!--Must cite a reliable published source with a reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb. no fan-sites.--><br />
}}'''''Ladaaku''''' is a 1981 Indian [[Drama (genre)|drama]] film directed by Dinesh Ramanesh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/ladaaku/cast/|title=Ladaaku Cast & Crew - Bollywood Hungama|last=Hungama|first=Bollywood|website=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=2017-08-02}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
*[[Amjad Khan (actor)|Amjad Khan]]<br />
*[[Sarika]]<br />
*[[Raj Kiran (actor)|Raj Kiran]]<br />
*[[Jagdeep]]<br />
*[[Aruna Irani]] <br />
*[[Ranjeet]]<br />
<br />
==Soundtrack==<br />
The music of the film was composed by Usha Khanna, while lyrics were written by Indeevar, Asad Bhopali, Vitthalbhai Patel, Kulwant Jani.<br />
<br />
# "Noorie O Noorie" - Kishore Kumar<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{IMDb title|0379853}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:1981 films]]<br />
[[Category:1981 Hindi-language films]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language drama films]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{1980s-Hindi-film-stub}}</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Love_Marriage_(1975_film)&diff=472472Love Marriage (1975 film)2026-03-03T21:07:57Z<p>KatherinSteger: expanded content for accuracy and corrected details per standard format</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Love Marriage<br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| director = [[Hariharan (director)|Hariharan]]<br />
| producer = G. P. Balan<br />
| writer = Hariharan<br>[[T. Damodaran]] (dialogues)<br />
| screenplay = Hariharan<br />
| starring = [[Prem Nazir]]<br>[[Jayabharathi]], K. P. Ummar Ranichandra and Adoor Bhasi<br />
| music = Ahuan Sebastian<br />
| cinematography = T. N. Krishnankutty Nair<br />
| editing = V. P. Krishnan<br />
| studio = Chanthamani Films<br />
| distributor = Chanthamani Films<br />
| released = {{Film date|1975|04|11|df=y}}<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Malayalam<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Love Marriage''''' is a 1975 Indian [[Malayalam]] film directed by [[Hariharan (director)|Hariharan]] and produced by G. P. Balan. The film stars [[Prem Nazir]], [[Jayabharathi]], [[Adoor Bhasi]] and [[Jose Prakash]] in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Ahuan Sebastian. This is the first film of T. Damodaran master as a writer dialogues.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=582|title=Love Marriage|accessdate=2014-10-04|publisher=www.malayalachalachithram.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?1014|title=Love Marriage|accessdate=2014-10-04|publisher=malayalasangeetham.info}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
{{colbegin}}<br />
*[[Prem Nazir]] as Madhu<br />
*[[Jayabharathi]] as Manju<br />
*[[Adoor Bhasi]] as Menon<br />
*[[Jose Prakash]] as Prakash<br />
*[[Manavalan Joseph]] as Doctor<br />
*[[Pattom Sadan]]<br />
*[[Sankaradi]] as Major Nair<br />
*[[Sreelatha Namboothiri]]<br />
*Azhikkode Balan as Badran<br />
*[[Bahadoor]] as Gopi<br />
*[[K. P. Ummer]] as Raju<br />
*[[Meena (Malayalam actress)|Meena]] as Mini/Meenakshiyamma<br />
*[[Rani Chandra]] as Viji<br />
*[[Reena (actress)|Reena]]<br />
*[[Sadhana (Malayalam actress)|Sadhana]] as Kaanchi<br />
*[[T. S. Muthaiah]] as R. K. Nair<br />
*[[T. P. Madhavan]] as Police Officer<br />
*Sreekala (Rathidevi)<br />
*Swapna Ravi as Stage Artist<br />
*Treesa<br />
*Vijaya<br />
{{colend}}<br />
<br />
==Soundtrack==<br />
The music was composed by Ahuan Sebastian and the lyrics were written by [[Mankombu Gopalakrishnan]].<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"<br />
! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length (m:ss)<br />
|-<br />
| 1 || "Eeswaranmaarkkellaam" || [[P. Jayachandran]], Ayiroor Sadasivan || [[Mankombu Gopalakrishnan]] ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2 || "Kaaminimaarkkullil" || [[Vani Jairam]], [[Ambili (singer)|Ambili]] || Mankombu Gopalakrishnan ||<br />
|-<br />
| 3 || "Ladies Hosteline" || P. Jayachandran || Mankombu Gopalakrishnan ||<br />
|-<br />
| 4 || "Neelaambari" || [[K. J. Yesudas]] || Mankombu Gopalakrishnan ||<br />
|-<br />
| 5 || "Prasadakunkumam" || A. M. Raja || Mankombu Gopalakrishnan ||<br />
|-<br />
| 6 || "Vrindaavanathile Raadhe" || K. J. Yesudas, [[Zero Babu]] || Mankombu Gopalakrishnan ||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb title|0230470|Love Marriage}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:1975 films]]<br />
[[Category:1975 Malayalam-language films]]<br />
[[Category:1975 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Hariharan]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{1970s-Malayalam-film-stub}}</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aame_Evaru%3F&diff=454361Aame Evaru?2026-03-03T20:32:55Z<p>KatherinSteger: quick update</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Aame Evaru?<br />
| image = Aame Evaru poster.jpg<br />
| caption = Poster<br />
| director = [[B. S. Narayana]]<br />
| producer = [[P. S. Veerappa]]<br />
| writer = B. S. Narayana<br />
| screenplay = <br />
| story = B. S. Narayana<br />
| based_on = <br />
| starring = [[Jaggayya]] <br /> [[J. Jayalalithaa|Jayalalitha]]<br />
| narrator = <br />
| music = Vedha<br />
| cinematography = <br />
| editing = <br />
| studio = <br />
| distributor = <br />
| released = {{Film date|1966}}<br />
| runtime = 153 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Telugu<br />
| budget = <br />
| gross = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Aame Evaru?''''' ({{Translation|Who is she?}}) is a 1966 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[psychological thriller]] film, produced and directed by [[B. S. Narayana]]. It stars [[Jaggayya]] and [[J. Jayalalithaa|Jayalalitha]] with [[Vanisri]], [[Prabhakar Reddy]], [[Raja Babu (actor)|Rajababu]], [[Nagabhushanam (actor)|Nagabhushanam]], Radha and K. Malathi as part of the supporting cast. Music is by Vedha. Lyrics were written by [[Dasaradhi]]. The film is a remake of the 1964 Hindi hit film ''[[Woh Kaun Thi?]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Guy|first=Randor|date=2016-07-03|title=Yaar Nee? (1966) TAMIL|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/Yaar-Nee-1966-TAMIL/article14467014.ece|access-date=2020-10-12|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
* [[Jaggayya]] as Dr. Anand<br />
* [[J. Jayalalithaa|Jayalalitha]] as Santhya/chayya<br />
* [[Vanisri]] as Dr. Lata<br />
* [[Nagabhushanam (actor)|Nagabhushanam]]<br />
* [[Prabhakar Reddy]]<br />
* K. Malathi as Anand's Mother<br />
* [[Raja Babu (actor)|Rajababu]]<br />
* [[B. V. Radha|Radha]]<br />
* [[Rajanala Kaleswara Rao|Rajanala]]<br />
<br />
==Soundtrack==<br />
The music for this movie was composed by Vedha and lyrics were written by [[Dasaradhi]].<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"<br />
! No. !! Song !! Singer !! Lyrics !! Length(m:ss)<br />
|-<br />
| 1 || "Tikkiriki Tikkiriki Tattata" || rowspan=2|[[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[L. R. Eswari]] || rowspan=7|[[Dasaradhi]] || 3:29<br />
|-<br />
| 2 || "Neevu Choose Choopulo" || 3:30<br />
|-<br />
| 3 || "Kanne Manasu" || L. R. Eswari || 4:43<br />
|-<br />
| 4 || "Andaala Ee Reyi" || rowspan=4|[[P. Susheela]] || 3:33<br />
|-<br />
| 5 || "O Naa Raja Raava" || 6:14<br />
|-<br />
| 6 || "Nee Kannula Lo Na Kannera" || 3:12<br />
|-<br />
| 7 || "Anda Chandala" || 2:25<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb title|2006047|Aame Evaru}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:1966 films]]<br />
[[Category:Telugu remakes of Hindi films]]<br />
[[Category:1966 Telugu-language films]]<br />
[[Category:1966 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian mystery thriller films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian psychological thriller films]]<br />
[[Category:1960s mystery thriller films]]<br />
[[Category:1960s psychological thriller films]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thiruvananthapuram_South_railway_station&diff=540994Thiruvananthapuram South railway station2026-03-03T06:36:21Z<p>KatherinSteger: made new article!</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Railway station in Kerala, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox station<br />
| name = Thiruvananthapuram South (TVCS)<br />
| type = [[File:Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg|30px]] [[Indian Railways]] station<br />
| style = Indian Railways<br />
| image = Nemom railway station.jpg<br />
| image_caption = <br />
| address = [[Nemom]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]]<br />
| country = India<br />
| coordinates = {{Coord|8.454|77.0105|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline}}<br />
| elevation = {{convert|28|m}}<br />
| line = [[Thiruvananthapuram–Nagercoil–Kanyakumari line]]<br />
| other = <br />
| structure = Standard (on-ground station)<br />
| platform = 2<br />
| tracks = <br />
| parking = Yes<br />
| opened = 1979<br />
| closed = <br />
| rebuilt = 2019<br />
| electrified = Yes<br />
| accessible = {{Access icon|20px}}<br />
| code = {{Indian railway code<br />
| code = NEM<br />
| zone = [[Southern Railway zone]]<br />
| division = {{rwd|Thiruvananthapuram}}<br />
}}<br />
| owned = [[Indian Railways]]<br />
| operator = [[Indian Railways]]<br />
| status = Functioning<br />
| former = <br />
| passengers = <br />
| pass_year = <br />
| pass_percent = <br />
| pass_system = <br />
| map_type = India Kerala<br />
| map_dot_label = Thiruvananthapuram South Railway Station<br />
| map_size = 250<br />
| map_caption = Location in Kerala<br />
| route_map = {{Tirunelveli–Nagercoil (Kanyakumari)–Trivandrum Central line}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Thiruvananthapuram South Railway station''' (formerly '''Nemom railway station''', Station Code: NEM) is an NSG–6 category [[List of railway stations in India|Indian railway station]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram railway division]] of [[Southern Railway zone]].<ref name="sr_stn">{{cite web |title=SOUTHERN RAILWAY LIST OF STATIONS AS ON 01.04.2023 (CATEGORY- WISE) |url=https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1686913242750-SR%20-LIST%20OF%20STATIONS-2023.pdf |website=Portal of Indian Railways |publisher=Centre For Railway Information Systems |access-date=3 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323095403/https://sr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1686913242750-SR%20-LIST%20OF%20STATIONS-2023.pdf |archive-date=23 March 2024 |page=16 |date=1 April 2023}}</ref> It is one of the six railway stations serving the city of [[Thiruvananthapuram]] which is also proposed to act as the second satellite station to [[Thiruvananthapuram Central railway station]] in the state of [[Kerala]], [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/03/07/stories/2007030712450500.htm|title=The Hindu : Kerala / Thiruvananthapuram News : Thiruvananthapuram Central to be made a world-class station|date=30 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930231742/http://www.hindu.com/2007/03/07/stories/2007030712450500.htm|access-date=22 November 2021|archive-date=30 September 2007}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Train operating centre==<br />
Indian Railways have finalised a proposal for setting up an operating centre in Nemom, for trains departing from and terminating at Thiruvananthapuram Central. All coach maintenance activities performed in Thiruvananthapuram Central is proposed to be transferred to Nemom once the operating centre is commissioned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/15/stories/2008061554210400.htm|title=The Hindu : Kerala / Thiruvananthapuram News : Nemom to be operating centre for trains|date=19 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080619003444/http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/15/stories/2008061554210400.htm|access-date=22 November 2021|archive-date=19 June 2008}}</ref> Railways has proposed to set up 10 pit lines for maintenance of 30 trains, 12 stabling lines, sick lines and staff quarters at Nemom.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-logistics/Thiruvananthapuram-Rly-Divn-earns-Rs-837-cr-in-2009-10/article20043626.ece|title=Thiruvananthapuram Rly Divn earns Rs 837 cr in 2009-10|website=Thehindubusinessline.com|access-date=22 November 2021}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Proposed new passenger terminal==<br />
The Ministry of Railways, in its budget for fiscal year 2011–2012, announced to develop Nemom as second satellite passenger terminal to {{stnlnk|Thiruvananthapuram Central}}. [[Thiruvananthapuram]] thus will become the first city in Kerala to have two satellite stations. Nemom will soon be developed as a full-fledged Passenger Terminus (Coaching Terminal) with 5 platforms and will act as a terminus station for trains coming to Thiruvananthapuram Central, thereby reducing rush/congestion in the station.<br />
<br />
An amount of Rs. 77.30 crores have been allotted for the first phase of the new Terminal, as per Shri O. Rajagopal M.L.A., as reported by the media including ''The Hindu''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/773-cr-for-coaching-terminal-says-mla/article22709182.ece|title=₹77.3 cr for coaching terminal, says MLA|date=10 February 2018|access-date=22 November 2021|website=Thehindu.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
It is also proposed to lay one more track between Nemom and {{stnlnk|Kochuveli}} to ease the traffic in this corridor. This stretch will become the first in the state to have a three-line service.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/Railways-for-third-line-between-Thiruvananthapuram-and-Kochuveli/article16366951.ece|title=Railways for third line between Thiruvananthapuram and Kochuveli|date=16 April 2010|access-date=22 November 2021|website=Thehindu.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
Extension of proposed Sabari rail line from [[Erumely]] via [[Pathanamthitta]], [[Punalur]], Nedumanagadu is expected to connect with proposed Nemom terminal. The station is on the way of renaming to Thiruvananthapuram South Terminal.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Indian Railways]]<br />
* [[Transport in Thiruvananthapuram]]<br />
* {{stnlnk|Thiruvananthapuram Central}}<br />
* [[Kochuveli railway station|Thiruvanathapuram North railway station]]<br />
* [[Thiruvananthapuram Pettah railway station]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.indianrail.gov.in/ Indian railways]<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100914051642/http://www.southernrailway.gov.in/ Southern railways]<br />
*{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/773-cr-for-coaching-terminal-says-mla/article22709182.ece |title=₹77.3 cr for coaching terminal, says MLA |work=The Hindu |date=10 February 2018}}<br />
<br />
{{Thiruvananthapuram}}<br />
{{Thiruvananthapuram railway division}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 1979]]<br />
[[Category:Railway stations in Thiruvananthapuram]]<br />
[[Category:Thiruvananthapuram railway division]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Kerala-railstation-stub}}</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumki_(film)&diff=464044Kumki (film)2026-03-03T03:26:16Z<p>KatherinSteger: expand citations to improve readability</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|2012 film by Prabu Solomon}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2026}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2026}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| image = Kumki film.jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = [[Prabhu Solomon]]<br />
| writer = Prabhu Solomon<br />
| producer = [[N. Lingusamy]] (presenter)<br />N. Subash Chandra Bose<br />
| starring = [[Vikram Prabhu]]<br />[[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]]<br />
| cinematography = [[M. Sukumar]]<br />
| editing = L. V. K. Doss<br />
| music = [[D. Imman]]<br />
| studio = [[Thirrupathi Brothers]]<br />
| distributor = [[Studio Green]]<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2012|12|14}}<br />
| runtime = 148 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Tamil<br />
}}<br />
'''''Kumki''''' ({{Translation|[[Kumki (elephant)|Trained elephant]]}}) is a 2012 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[adventure film|adventure]] [[romantic drama film]] written and directed by [[Prabhu Solomon]]. Produced by [[Thirrupathi Brothers]], the film stars [[Vikram Prabhu]], in his acting debut, while [[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]], [[Thambi Ramaiah]] and [[Ashvin Raja]] appear in prominent roles. It revolves around a [[mahout]] and his trained elephant, who is used to guide other wild animals to minimise the destruction of properties and fields of nearby villages.<br />
<br />
Filming began in September 2011 and took place in various places of [[Karnataka]] and [[Kerala]]; it was completed within 80 working days. The film's music was composed by [[D. Imman]], the cinematography was handled by [[M. Sukumar]] and editing by L. V. K. Dass.<br />
<br />
''Kumki'' was released on 14 December 2012 by [[Studio Green]]. The film was a critical and a commercial success. It won three awards at the [[60th Filmfare Awards South]], including [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor&nbsp;– Tamil|Best Supporting Actor]] (Ramaiah). The film won seven [[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]], two [[Vijay Awards]], three [[South Indian International Movie Awards]] and three [[Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards]]. A [[spiritual successor]] ''[[Kumki 2]]'', also directed by Solomon, was released in 2025.<br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The film starts with an introduction to the main characters: the protagonist Bomman, Bomman's pet elephant Manickam, Bomman's uncle Kothali, and Bomman's sidekick Undiyal. Bomman spends most of his time with Manickam and earns his livelihood by hiring it out for festivals in temples and wedding celebrations. Meanwhile, in a village dominated by old principles, a rogue elephant (Komban) ravages crops and ambushes its people. Frustrated by this and without any help from the forest officers, their leader decides to bring a trained elephant to Komban. Bomman and his crew reach the village as placeholders to stay for a couple of days until the real mahout and trained elephant arrive.<br />
<br />
Life begins to change for Bomman when he falls in love with Alli, the daughter of the village leader. Alli is at first reluctant keeping in mind the village's principles but soon Alli starts to fall in love for Bomman. Life goes on smoothly, until Komban randomly starts attacking the village. On the eve of their departure, Komban attacks Manickam. Komban kills Kothali and Undiyal and injure Bomman. In the ensuing fight between Manickam and Komban, Manickam kills Komban but Manickam suffers serious injuries and he dies. Bomman then cries out loud, regretting that his love had led to the deaths of his crew and Manickam. Alli's father then recognises that Bomman and Alli are in love. The film then ends abruptly, leaving Bomman's fate to the viewer's imagination.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
{{quote box<br />
| quote = My son surprised me by his performance in ''Kumki''. I used to call my son during his film shoot and enquire about his performance. "Wait and see daddy", would be his answer.<br />
| source =&nbsp;— [[Prabhu (actor)|Prabhu]], on Vikram's experience of playing the character of Bomman.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Srinivasan |first=G. |date=17 January 2013 |title='Kumki' star celebrates 'Maattu Pongal' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/kumki-star-celebrates-maattu-pongal/article4315112.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140831163219/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/kumki-star-celebrates-maattu-pongal/article4315112.ece |archive-date=31 August 2014 |access-date=1 November 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><br />
| align = right<br />
| width = 30%<br />
}}<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
* [[Vikram Prabhu]] as Bomman<br />
** Jeffin as young Bomman<br />
* [[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]] as Alli<br />
* [[Thambi Ramaiah]] as Kothalli<br />
* [[Ashvin Raja]] as Undiyal<br />
* [[Junior Balaiah]] as villager<br />
* [[Joe Malloori]] as Maathayaan<br />
* [[Yaar Kannan]] as villager<br />
* [[Sreejith Ravi]] as Forest Officer<br />
* [[Munnar Ramesh]]<br />
* Manickam as the elephant<!-- credited in intro credits --><br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
===Development===<br />
{{Quote box<br />
| quote="People perceive elephants as fearsome animals. We often read in newspapers that elephants come out from forests to villages and destroy crops. But no one really understands that deforestation and building concrete jungles leads to such situations. You may recall the recent landmark judgment of the High Court about the protection of Elephant corridors in the Nilgiris. The order suggested halting construction of any form, whether resorts or anything else. My script will be on similar lines, against the backdrop of a wild love story."<br />
| source = &nbsp;— [[Prabhu Solomon]]<ref name=":8" /><br />
| align = right<br />
| width = 30%<br />
}}<br />
In June 2011, it was announced that [[Prabhu Solomon]] was directing a "love story set in a village in the forest area where elephants roam freely, creating man-animal conflicts" and was based on a real life incident. Despite reports that it was titled ''Komban'',<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=11 June 2011 |title=Prabhu Solomon's jumbo jamboree |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/prabhu-solomon-s-jumbo-jamboree-news-tamil-lgkkCcbadbf.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614220210/http://www.sify.com/movies/prabhu-solomon-s-jumbo-jamboree-news-tamil-lgkkCcbadbf.html |archive-date=14 June 2011 |access-date=19 December 2012 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> the title was later confirmed to be ''Kumki''. The film was presented by [[N. Lingusamy]] and produced by N. Subash Chandrabose under [[Thirrupathi Brothers]].<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=13 July 2011 |title=Prabhu's son makes his big debut |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2011/Jul/13/prabhus-son-makes-his-big-debut-271250.html |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-142700/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2011/Jul/13/prabhus-son-makes-his-big-debut-271250.html |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
Solomon considered ''Kumki'' a research-based film similar to his previous ''[[Mynaa]]'' (2010), which served as a campaign to save the elephants which had been portrayed in bad light owing to incidents such as straying into villages and violent attacks, but neither consider [[Deforestation in India|deforestation]] and encroachment of forest areas lead to this situation.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=24 June 2011 |title=Prabhu solomon finally finds his hero |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/kollywood/prabhu-solomon-finally-finds-his-hero-911 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110625015313/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/kollywood/prabhu-solomon-finally-finds-his-hero-911 |archive-date=25 June 2011 |access-date=11 July 2011 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref> Solomon went on an extensive location scouting across [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]] and [[Karnataka]], as a part of pre-production.<ref name=":8" /> He added that the film focuses on the friendship between a man and elephant, as the tagline suggested "a wild love story" used in the promotions.<ref name=":7" /><br />
<br />
During an interaction with Nikhil Raghavan of ''[[The Hindu]]'', Solomon felt that the success of ''Mynaa'' was due to his creative control—as he was the director and producer of the film—which helped him to pay more attention to detail.<ref name="hindu1">{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Nikhil |date=13 December 2012 |title=A jumbo ride |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/a-jumbo-ride/article4195607.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210022404/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/a-jumbo-ride/article4195607.ece |archive-date=10 December 2024 |access-date=1 November 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> As ''Kumki'' was an even bigger venture he "didn't want anything to go wrong".<ref name="hindu2" /> At that time, Lingusamy's interest in producing the venture was considered a delight for Solomon.<ref name="hindu2">{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Nikhil |date=4 August 2012 |title=Etcetera |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/etcetera/article3727061.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210013928/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/etcetera/article3727061.ece |archive-date=10 December 2024 |access-date=1 November 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Prior to the start of production, Solomon sent the script to the [[Animal Welfare Board of India]] for their permission.<ref name=":8" /><br />
<br />
===Casting===<br />
A {{Convert|12|ft}} tall elephant named Manickam was brought from [[Ottapalam]] for this film.<ref name="hindu1" /> Though established actors wanted to be cast in the lead role without offering renumeration, Solomon wanted a new face for the role of Bomman.<ref name=":8" /> After 60 people were auditioned for the role, [[Vikram Prabhu]] (son of actor [[Prabhu (actor)|Prabhu]]) who participated in the auditions was selected.<ref name="hindu2" /> Vikram, a [[Bachelor of Arts|B. A.]] graduate in theatre arts at the [[San Diego State University]], [[California]], had earlier worked as an assistant director for films like ''[[Sarvam]]'' (2009) and ''[[Aasal]]'' (2010).<ref name="Audio Hindu">{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=S. R. Ashok |date=11 August 2012 |title=Audio Beat: Kumki |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/audio-beat-kumki/article3753926.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215123413/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/audio-beat-kumki/article3753926.ece |archive-date=15 December 2018 |access-date=1 November 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref name=":7" /> Solomon came his across his portfolio from a family friend which led to him being impressed after seeing his appearance, height and physique of a [[mahout]].<ref name=":8" /><br />
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Vikram sported a rugged look wearing a beard and moustache.<ref name=":8" /> Before filming, Vikram went to a training camp for 15 days in Ottapalam so that he could get full-fledged preparations on how to train elephants and further asked to polish his gymnastic skills so that his physique could be maintained.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 June 2011 |title=Prabhu's son turns hero |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Prabhus-son-turns-hero/articleshow/8974171.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120908044312/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-24/news-interviews/29698513_1_elephants-wild-tuskers-fresh-face |archive-date=8 September 2012 |access-date=19 December 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> [[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]] was cast for the role of the tribal girl, Alli, after she featured in a cover of a Malayalam magazine that got Solomon's attention.<ref name=":9">{{Cite news |last=Manigandan |first=K. R. |date=1 September 2012 |title=A balancing act |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/a-balancing-act/article3848337.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226090258/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/a-balancing-act/article3848337.ece |archive-date=26 December 2024 |access-date=25 February 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref> While ''Kumki'' was the first film in Tamil she signed, her other film, ''[[Sundarapandian]]'', was released before ''Kumki''.<ref name=":9" /> That film's director [[S. R. Prabhakaran]] cast Menon after seeing photographs of her in ''Kumki''.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=S |first=Venkadesan |date=8 December 2012 |title=Kumki was tough: Lakshmi Menon |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2012/Dec/08/kumki-was-tough-lakshmi-menon-432005.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260219050553/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2012/Dec/08/kumki-was-tough-lakshmi-menon-432005.html |archive-date=19 February 2026 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
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[[Thambi Ramaiah]] who previously appeared in ''Mynaa'', for which he won the [[National Film Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role]] was cast in a pivotal role,<ref name="ss1">{{Cite web |last=Menon |first=Neelima |date=18 November 2014 |title=Life of the Party: The Thambi Ramaiah Interview |url=http://silverscreen.in/features/interviews/life-of-the-party-the-thambi-ramaiah-interview/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129083144/http://silverscreen.in/features/interviews/life-of-the-party-the-thambi-ramaiah-interview/ |archive-date=29 November 2014 |access-date=1 December 2016 |website=Silverscreen.in}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |date=27 February 2015 |title=Exclusive: How Tamil blockbuster film 'Kumki' was made |url=https://www.news18.com/photogallery/movies/exclusive-how-tamil-blockbuster-film-kumki-was-made-864620-3.html |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-151640/https://www.news18.com/photogallery/movies/exclusive-how-tamil-blockbuster-film-kumki-was-made-864620.html |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[News18]]}}</ref> as did [[Ashvin Raja]] who had allotted sixty-six days for the film.<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 June 2020 |title=Kumki actor Ashwin Raja gets married |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kumki-actor-ashwin-raja-gets-married/articleshow/76553888.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430072327/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kumki-actor-ashwin-raja-gets-married/articleshow/76553888.cms |archive-date=30 April 2023 |access-date=18 February 2026 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Manigandan |first=K. R. |date=11 July 2012 |title=Promising youngster |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/promising-youngster/article3627378.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241228152431/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/promising-youngster/article3627378.ece |archive-date=28 December 2024 |access-date=18 February 2026 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Other supporting cast members included [[Joe Malloori]], [[Sreejith Ravi]], [[Munnar Ramesh]], [[Junior Balaiah]] and [[Yaar Kannan]].<ref name=":10" /><br />
<br />
===Filming===<br />
[[File:JogFallsFromBelow2.JPG|thumb|right|150px|Jog Falls seen in the song "Sollitale"]]<br />
Filming began in September 2011 at [[Araku Valley]]. Solomon chose the location primarily as it "has red soil and the entire terrain will shine with beautiful yellow flowers in bloom".<ref name=":8" /> The entire film was shot in [[Tamil Nadu]], Kerala, Karnataka and in the border of [[Andhra Pradesh]] and [[Odisha|Orissa]].<ref name=":10" /> Throughout the filming, Solomon ensured the services of veterinary doctors to present in the shooting spots to treat the elephant.<ref name=":8" /><br />
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As the team had to accommodate the extensive weather conditions and availability of animals, filming had to be extended till mid-2012.<ref name=":10" /> The song "Sollitale" was shot in the [[Jog Falls]] and parts of the dense forest sequences were shot in Kerala and at the [[Athirappilly Falls]].<ref name="Audio Hindu" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Iqbal |first=Reshma |date=18 July 2012 |title=The BIG shower |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2012/Jul/18/the-big-shower-388027.html |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-161409/https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2012/Jul/18/the-big-shower-388027.html |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> The Athikaadu village sequences were actually filmed in Kottakudi village located in [[Theni district]] where the film was primarily shot.<ref name=":10" /> He created the fictional village fusing images from different places.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=Subha J. |date=21 September 2016 |title=The unique location of Prabu Solomon's films |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Shoot-at-site/article14606226.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-162247/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Shoot-at-site/article14606226.ece |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=18 February 2026 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref> For the climax portion, producers bought two-acres of land to shoot a scene where elephants destroy the land.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=28 July 2012 |title=Kumki |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/previews/kumki/articleshow/15226885.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-160053/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/previews/kumki/articleshow/15226885.cms |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=18 February 2026 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
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Much of the film was shot in the early mornings and late evenings to get the appropriate texture for the scenes.<ref name="hindu1" /> Solomon added "It is difficult to write a script when you are dependent on Nature. Visuals cannot be written and the scenes would unfold as we go along. This way, I have been able to get the best of both Nature and my artistes."<ref name="hindu1" /> The film was photographed by [[M. Sukumar]] who utilised natural lighting for the scenes.<ref name="Audio Hindu" /> The film was completed within 80 working days.<ref name=":3" /><br />
<br />
===Post-production===<br />
The film underwent an extensive post-production process by July 2012.<ref name="Audio Hindu" /> This involved the climax sequence that featured the battle between two elephants had to be digitally rendered.<ref name=":0" /> By November, work on the [[visual effects]] and graphics had been completed and the team began working on the re-recording and mixing.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 November 2012 |title='Kumki' confirmed for December 14 |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/kumki-confirmed-for-december-14-news-tamil-mlll3liegdg.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121225145026/http://www.sify.com/movies/kumki-confirmed-for-december-14-news-tamil-mlll3liegdg.html |archive-date=25 December 2012 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> The first copy of the film was completed by early-December.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2012 |title=Kumki ready for the censors! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/kumki-ready-for-the-censors-news-tamil-mmblSafaece.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121210093622/http://www.sify.com/movies/kumki-ready-for-the-censors-news-tamil-mmblSafaece.html |archive-date=10 December 2012 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><br />
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It was reported that the team shot three climaxes for the film; the climax in the theatrical cut showed Manickam's death.<ref name=":11">{{Cite news |date=15 December 2012 |title=Kumki climax changed? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-climax-changed/articleshow/17623733.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105141126/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kumki-climax-changed/articleshow/17623733.cms |archive-date=5 November 2023 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Post release, it was reported that the climax would be changed to a [[happy ending]], but this report was dismissed as a rumour while the climax remained unchanged.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Kumki climax not changed! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/kumki-climax-not-changed-news-tamil-mmrlakcifjj.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121218035153/http://www.sify.com/movies/kumki-climax-not-changed-news-tamil-mmrlakcifjj.html |archive-date=18 December 2012 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Themes and influences==<br />
Malathi Rangarajan of ''The Hindu'' compared the film's similarities to ''[[Nalla Neram]]'' (1972) and ''[[Annai Oru Aalayam]]'' (1979) in terms of the protagonist's relationship with elephants.<ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
==Music==<br />
{{Main|Kumki (soundtrack)}}<br />
The soundtrack album and background score were composed by [[D. Imman]], in his third collaboration with Prabhu Solomon after ''[[Lee (2007 film)|Lee]]'' (2007) and ''Mynaa''. The audio launch was held on 26 July 2012,<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2012 |title=In pics: Rajinikanth, Kamal Haasan at 'Kumki' audio launch |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/7040.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120903132349/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/7040.html |archive-date=3 September 2012 |access-date=19 December 2012 |website=[[IBNLive]]}}</ref> and the album was released under the [[Sony Music India]] label.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2012 |title=Kumki (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/kumki-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/547596327 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102011936/https://music.apple.com/in/album/kumki-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/547596327 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Apple Music]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Release==<br />
''Kumki'' was one of three films along with ''[[Vettai]]'' and ''[[Vazhakku Enn 18/9]]'' set to be distributed by [[UTV Motion Pictures]] as a part of their three-film deal with Thirrupathi Brothers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2011 |title=Tamil director, Linguswamy signs three film deal |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/tamil-director-linguswamy-signs-three-film-deal/166707-8-68.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713032130/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/tamil-director-linguswamy-signs-three-film-deal/166707-8-68.html |archive-date=13 July 2011 |access-date=19 December 2012 |website=[[IBNLive]] |agency=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2011 |title=UTV gets going down South with six Tamil films |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/UTV-gets-going-down-South-with-six-Tamil-films/article20304895.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.19-063254/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/UTV-gets-going-down-South-with-six-Tamil-films/article20304895.ece |archive-date=19 February 2026 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Business Line]] |language=en |publication-place=Mumbai, India}}</ref> However, the company backed out at the last minute even though they had distributed the other two films,<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2011 |title=UTV Motion Pictures inks deal with Thirrupathy Brothers |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/utv-motion-pictures-inks-deal-with-thirrupathy-brothers-620497 |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.19-063532/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/utv-motion-pictures-inks-deal-with-thirrupathy-brothers-620497 |archive-date=19 February 2026 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[NDTV]] |agency=[[Press Trust of India]]}}</ref> due to reasons unknown, resulting in the film's distribution rights being transferred to [[K. E. Gnanavel Raja]]'s [[Studio Green]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2012 |title=Studio Green takes over Kumki distribution! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/studio-green-takes-over-kumki-distribution-news-tamil-mjqmy6hhibg.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918003238/http://www.sify.com/movies/studio-green-takes-over-kumki-distribution-news-tamil-mjqmy6hhibg.html |archive-date=18 September 2012 |access-date=19 December 2012 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 November 2012 |title=Studio Green- Impressive line-up! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/studio-green-impressive-line-up-news-tamil-ml1kSgfabjb.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105015022/http://www.sify.com/movies/studio-green-impressive-line-up-news-tamil-ml1kSgfabjb.html |archive-date=5 January 2013 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> The film was initially scheduled to be released on [[Diwali]] (13 November 2012),<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2012 |title=`Kumki` set for Diwali release |url=https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/regional/-kumki-set-for-diwali-release_120628.html |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-163325/https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/regional/-kumki-set-for-diwali-release_120628.html |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Zee News]] |language=en}}</ref> but was delayed due to incomplete post-production works and the release of higher profile films including ''[[Thuppakki]]'' and ''[[Podaa Podi]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 October 2012 |title=No clarity on Deepavali releases |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/No-clarity-on-Deepavali-releases/articleshow/16992377.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-163454/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/No-clarity-on-Deepavali-releases/articleshow/16992377.cms |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
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The following month, it was announced that the film would be released on 14 December 2012, thereby clashing with ''[[Neethaane En Ponvasantham]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2012 |title=Kumki vs Neethane En Ponvasantham on Dec 14th |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-vs-Neethane-En-Ponvasantham-on-Dec-14th/articleshow/17191152.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722034446/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-vs-Neethane-En-Ponvasantham-on-Dec-14th/articleshow/17191152.cms |archive-date=22 July 2020 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2012 |title=Friday Fury&nbsp;– December 14 |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/friday-fury-december-14-news-tamil-mmojQ4bidhh.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214220929/http://www.sify.com/movies/friday-fury-december-14-news-tamil-mmojQ4bidhh.html |archive-date=14 December 2012 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> By early December, the film was cleared for release by the [[Central Board of Film Certification]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 December 2012 |title=Kumki announces release date |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-announces-release-date/articleshow/17530712.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-163611/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-announces-release-date/articleshow/17530712.cms |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Two days before the release, the advanced bookings for ''Kumki'' and ''Neethaane En Ponvasantham'' were sold out for the first weekend.<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 December 2012 |title=NEP-Kumki weekend bookings sold out |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/NEP-Kumki-weekend-bookings-sold-out/articleshow/17598871.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720235502/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/NEP-Kumki-weekend-bookings-sold-out/articleshow/17598871.cms |archive-date=20 July 2020 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2012 |title=Two eagerly awaited films to clash on Dec 14! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/two-eagerly-awaited-films-to-clash-on-dec-14-news-tamil-mmgkJGfbbdh.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121209040553/http://www.sify.com/movies/two-eagerly-awaited-films-to-clash-on-dec-14-news-tamil-mmgkJGfbbdh.html |archive-date=9 December 2012 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> The film was dubbed in Telugu as ''Gajaraju'', and was planned to be released on the same date;<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 December 2012 |title='Kumki' is 'Gajaraju' in Telugu |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-is-Gajaraju-in-Telugu/articleshow/17488320.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709025702/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-is-Gajaraju-in-Telugu/articleshow/17488320.cms |archive-date=9 July 2020 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> it was released a week later.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=21 December 2012 |title=Gaja Raju: A walk on the wild side |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/gaja-raju-a-walk-on-the-wild-side/article4225248.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228130416/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/gaja-raju-a-walk-on-the-wild-side/article4225248.ece |archive-date=28 December 2020 |access-date=19 February 2026 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Reception==<br />
<br />
===Critical response===<br />
''Kumki'' received critical acclaim.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=17 December 2012 |title=Kumki climax is the same |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-climax-is-the-same/articleshow/17648504.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.ph/w3B9i |archive-date=19 February 2026 |access-date=25 March 2020 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Malathi Rangarajan of ''The Hindu'' praised the performances of Vikram and Menon, noting that while Vikram "makes an impact with effective underplay", Menon showed "apt expressions"; she found Ramaiah's dialogues to be a bit "contrived" after a certain point of time.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=15 December 2012 |title=Kumki: Close encounters |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/Kumki-Close-encounters/article12373956.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815202054/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/Kumki-Close-encounters/article12373956.ece |archive-date=15 August 2020 |access-date=2 November 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> N. Venkateswaran of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave 3.5 out of 5 to the film and stated "Prabu Solomon's ode to love in the times of elephant attacks, holds a lot of promise but sadly flatters only to deceive."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Venkateswaran |first=N |date=16 December 2012 |title=Kumki |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/Kumki/movie-review/17728648.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111102802/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/Kumki/movie-review/17728648.cms |archive-date=11 January 2013 |access-date=19 February 2026 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Pavithra Srinivasan of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' gave 3.5 out of 5 and stated "''Kumki'' is an unforgettable ride through the wilds of Tamil Nadu's virgin forests."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Pavithra |date=14 December 2014 |title=Review: Kumki is brilliant |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/south-review-kumki-is-brilliant/20121217.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812115836/https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/south-review-kumki-is-brilliant/20121217.htm |archive-date=12 August 2025 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> [[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]] gave the film 3.5 out of 5 and summarised that "Kumki may not be the year's best film, but definitely can't be looked down upon."<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 December 2012 |title=Movie review: 'Kumki'&nbsp;– visually evocative |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/298725/movie-review-kumki-visually-evocative.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707142552/https://www.deccanherald.com/content/298725/movie-review-kumki-visually-evocative.html |archive-date=7 July 2020 |access-date=7 July 2020 |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |agency=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
''[[Sify]]''-based critic gave three stars for the film and wrote "At the end of the day, ''Kumki'' is a neat entertainer, but not in the same class as the director's earlier ''Mynaa''. You may argue that you've seen better films than ''Kumki'', but try remembering the last time you enjoyed the movie-going experience so much."<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2012 |title=Kumki |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/tamil/review.php?id=15015385&ctid=5&cid=2429 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121218034141/http://www.sify.com/movies/tamil/review.php?id=15015385&ctid=5&cid=2429 |archive-date=18 December 2012 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Malini Mannath of ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' praised Vikram's performance, adding that "[Vikram] fits in aptly, his rugged look suiting the role of the rural youth, sharing a deep bonding with his elephant" but besides being "more comfortable in expressing intense emotions, he, however, seems stiff and inhibited in the romantic interludes and song-dance numbers"; she added that the film "offers no refreshing visuals" as it was reminiscent of Solomon's ''Mynaa'' and felt the climax "falls flat" calling it a "tame affair".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannath |first=Malini |date=19 December 2012 |title='Kumki' (Tamil) |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2012/Dec/19/kumki-tamil-435281.html |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-171339/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2012/Dec/19/kumki-tamil-435281.html |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> ''[[Ananda Vikatan]]'' rated the film 45 out of 100.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 December 2012 |title=விமர்சனம் : கும்கி |trans-title=Review: Kumki |url=https://www.vikatan.com/humour-and-satire/cinema/27719--2 |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.18-164355/https://www.vikatan.com/humour-and-satire/cinema/27719--2 |archive-date=18 February 2026 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[Ananda Vikatan]] |language=ta}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Box office===<br />
<!-- https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kumki-earns-rs-8-51-crore-in-three-days/articleshow/17664856.cms --><br />
''Kumki'' opened in 1000 screens worldwide with 300 screens in [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=18 December 2012 |title=Vikram Prabhu`s `Kumki` hits bull`s eye |url=https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/regional/vikram-prabhu-s-kumki-hits-bull-s-eye_124690.html |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.19-065330/https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/regional/vikram-prabhu-s-kumki-hits-bull-s-eye_124690.html |archive-date=19 February 2026 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Zee News]] |language=en}}</ref> At the domestic box office, the film earned around {{INRConvert|3.63|c|year=2012}} in the first day and {{INRConvert|3.25|c|year=2012}}, thereby making the total collections for two days accounting to {{INRConvert|6.88|c|year=2012}}.<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=280208241982599170 |user=sri50 |title=#Kumki - 1st day Nett in TN (Dec 14) - Rs 3.63 Cr. 2nd day in TN (Dec 15) - Rs 3.25 Cr Total Nett for 2 days = Rs 6.88 Cr. Extraordinary! |date=16 December 2012 |access-date=19 February 2026 |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.19-065716/https://x.com/sri50/status/280208241982599170 |archive-date=19 February 2026 |url-status=live|first=Sreedhar|last=Pillai}}</ref> Within three days, the film grossed around {{INRConvert|8.51|c|year=2012}},<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite news |title='Kumki' earns Rs 8.51 crore in three days |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/kumki-earns-rs-8-51-crore-in-three-days-527247.html |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20220529104614/https://www.news18.com/news/india/kumki-earns-rs-8-51-crore-in-three-days-527247.html |archive-date=29 May 2022 |access-date=19 February 2026 |work=[[News18]] |language=en |agency=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]}}</ref> and was considered highly successful by trade analysts within a week of its release.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news |date=21 December 2012 |title=Kumki declared a hit |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-interviews/Kumki-declared-a-hit/articleshow/17693791.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102200308/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-12-21/news-interviews/35952929_1_kumki-vikram-prabhu-lakshmi-menon-screens |archive-date=2 January 2014 |access-date=18 January 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Trade analyst Sreedhar Pillai noted that the film earned around {{INRConvert|14.5|c|year=2012}} in Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=282164822156656640 |user=sri50 |title=#Kumki 1st week (Dec 14 to 20) netts approximately Rs 14.5 Cr in Tamil Nadu. Fabulous 4 a film with a new hero. |first=Sreedhar |last=Pillai |date=20 December 2012 |access-date=19 February 2026 |archive-url=http://archive.today/2026.02.19-072632/https://x.com/sri50/status/282164822156656640 |archive-date=19 February 2026 |url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Owing to the positive reception, Studio Green expanded the film's release to more than 400 screens during the [[Christmas]] weekend, preferring main screens in multiplexes across [[Chennai]], [[Chengalpattu]] and [[Coimbatore]].<ref name=":12" /> At the Chennai box office, the film opened at the second position as ''Neethaane En Ponvasantham'' occupying multiplexes in urban centres.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 December 2012 |title=Chennai Box-Office (Dec 14 to 16) |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=15015653&cid=13525926 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110115249/http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=15015653&cid=13525926 |archive-date=10 January 2013 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> But owing to positive word of mouth, the film topped the first position and remained there for two consecutive weeks.<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=26 December 2012 |title=Chennai Box-Office (Dec 21 to 23) |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=15016314&cid=13525926 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230055109/http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=15016314&cid=13525926 |archive-date=30 December 2012 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2013 |title=Chennai Box-Office - Dec 28 to 30 |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=15016971&cid=13525926 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113022050/http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=15016971&cid=13525926 |archive-date=13 January 2013 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2013 |title=Chennai Box-Office – January 4 to 6 |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=15017410&cid=13525926 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110115249/http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=15017410&cid=13525926 |archive-date=10 January 2013 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> ''Sify'' noted that the film collected around {{INRConvert|4.05|c|year=2012}} at the Chennai box office within 10 days of its release, thereby outperforming the newer releases.<ref name=":13" /> <!-- Need to find sources regarding final BO --><br />
<br />
== Accolades ==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"<br />
|-<br />
!scope="col"| Award<br />
!scope="col"| Date of ceremony{{efn|Date is linked to the article about the awards held that year, wherever possible.}}<br />
!scope="col"| Category<br />
!scope="col"| Recipient(s) and nominee(s)<br />
!scope="col"| Result<br />
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row" rowspan="3" | [[Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="3" | 16 January 2013<br />
| Best Music Director<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2013 |title=விகடன் விருதுகள் 2012 |trans-title=Vikatan Awards 2012 |url=http://www.vikatan.com/anandavikatan/2013-jan-16/exclusive/28485.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705053627/http://www.vikatan.com/anandavikatan/2013-jan-16/exclusive/28485.html |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |work=[[Ananda Vikatan]]}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Winners List 2012 |url=http://www.vikatan.com/cinema/vikatanawards//winners-list-2012.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705053936/http://www.vikatan.com/cinema/vikatanawards//winners-list-2012.html |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |work=[[Ananda Vikatan]] |language=ta}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Playback Singer&nbsp;– Female<br />
| {{sort|Manimaaran|[[Magizhini Manimaaran]]}} for "Soi Soi"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Lyricist<br />
| [[Yugabharathi]]<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row" rowspan="3" | [[The Times of India|The Chennai Times Film Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="3" | 4 November 2013<br />
| Best Music Director<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}}<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3" | <ref>{{Cite news |date=6 July 2013 |title=Chennai Times Film Awards 2012 nominations |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Chennai-Times-Film-Awards-2012-nominations/articleshowprint/20930588.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705054729/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Chennai-Times-Film-Awards-2012-nominations/articleshowprint/20930588.cms |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite news |date=4 November 2013 |title=The Chennai Times Film Awards 2012 goes to... |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/The-Chennai-Times-Film-Awards-2012-goes-to-/articleshowprint/25170374.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170705054859/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/The-Chennai-Times-Film-Awards-2012-goes-to-/articleshowprint/25170374.cms |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Singer&nbsp;– Male<br />
| [[Haricharan]] for "Ayayayo Aananthamey"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Singer&nbsp;– Female<br />
| {{sort|Manimaaran|[[Magizhini Manimaaran]]}} for "Soi Soi"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row" rowspan="3" | [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="3" | 10 February 2013<br />
| Best Director<br />
| {{sort|Solomon|[[Prabhu Solomon]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3" | <ref>{{cite episode | title=6th Edison Awards | series=Edison Awards | date=10 February 2013 | network=[[Astro (company)|Astro]] }}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web |title=6th Edition Edison Award gets bigger and grander |url=https://sulekha.com/tamil-movie-thuppaki-news-6th-edition-edison-award-gets-bigger-and-grander |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20170917051101/https://sulekha.com/tamil-movie-thuppaki-news-6th-edition-edison-award-gets-bigger-and-grander |archive-date=17 September 2017 |website=[[Sulekha]]}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edison Awards 2013&nbsp;– Winners |url=http://araciyal.com/edison/vote.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20130217121352/http://araciyal.com/edison/vote.html |archive-date=17 February 2013 |website=Araciyal.com |publisher=[[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Awards]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Music Director<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Folk Song<br />
| "Soi Soi"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row" rowspan="8" | [[Filmfare Awards South]]<br />
| rowspan="8" | [[60th Filmfare Awards South|20 July 2013]]<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Film&nbsp;– Tamil|Best Film&nbsp;– Tamil]]<br />
| {{sort|Lingusamy|[[N. Lingusamy]]}}, N. Subhash Chandrabose<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="8" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2013 |title=60th Idea Filmfare Awards 2013 (South) Nominations |url=http://www.filmfare.com/features/60th-idea-filmfare-awards-2013-south-nominations-3603.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705093043/http://www.filmfare.com/features/60th-idea-filmfare-awards-2013-south-nominations-3603.html |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |work=[[Filmfare]]}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2013 |title=List of Winners at the 60th Idea Filmfare Awards (South) |url=http://www.filmfare.com/news/list-of-winners-at-the-60th-idea-filmfare-awards-south-3745.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705093046/http://www.filmfare.com/news/list-of-winners-at-the-60th-idea-filmfare-awards-south-3745.html |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |work=[[Filmfare]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Director&nbsp;– Tamil|Best Director&nbsp;– Tamil]]<br />
| {{sort|Solomon|[[Prabhu Solomon]]}}<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress&nbsp;– Tamil|Best Actress&nbsp;– Tamil]]<br />
| {{sort|Menon|[[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]]}}<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor&nbsp;– Tamil|Best Supporting Actor&nbsp;– Tamil]]<br />
| {{sort|Ramaiah|[[Thambi Ramaiah]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director&nbsp;– Tamil|Best Music Director&nbsp;– Tamil]]<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist&nbsp;– Tamil|Best Lyricist&nbsp;– Tamil]]<br />
| [[Yugabharathi]] for "Solitaley"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer&nbsp;– Tamil|Best Male Playback Singer&nbsp;– Tamil]]<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}} for "Onnum Puriyale"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer&nbsp;– Tamil|Best Female Playback Singer&nbsp;– Tamil]]<br />
| {{sort|Ghoshal|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]}} for "Solitaley"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row" rowspan="12" | [[Mirchi Music Awards South]]<br />
| rowspan="12" | 26 August 2013<br />
| rowspan="2" | Song of the Year<br />
| "Ayayayo Aananthamey"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="12" | <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mirchi Music Awards South {{!}} Nominations |url=http://www.radiomirchi.com/mma2012/tamil/nomination.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705094922/http://www.radiomirchi.com/mma2012/tamil/nomination.html |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |website=[[Radio Mirchi]]}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mirchi Music Awards South {{!}} Winners |url=http://www.radiomirchi.com/mma2012/tamil/winners.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705094940/http://www.radiomirchi.com/mma2012/tamil/winners.html |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |website=[[Radio Mirchi]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| "Solitaley"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Album of the Year<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Male Vocalist of the Year<br />
| [[Haricharan]] for "Ayayayo Aananthamey"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | Music Composer of the Year<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}} for "A Lady and the Violin"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}} for "Solitaley"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Lyricist of the Year<br />
| [[Yugabharathi]] for "Ayayayo Aananthamey"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Upcoming Female Vocalist of the Year<br />
| {{sort|Manimaaran|[[Magizhini Manimaaran]]}} for "Soi Soi"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Mannin Kural Male Vocalist of the Year<br />
| {{sort|Joseph|[[Alphons Joseph]]}} for "Nee Yeppo Pulla"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Mannin Kural Female Vocalist of the Year<br />
| {{sort|Manimaaran|[[Magizhini Manimaaran]]}} for "Soi Soi"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Song of the Year&nbsp;– Listener's choice<br />
| "Solitaley"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Technical&nbsp;– Sound Mixing of the Year<br />
| "Yella Oorum"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row" rowspan="3" | [[Norway Tamil Film Festival Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="3" | 24{{ndash}}28 April 2013<br />
| Best Director<br />
| {{sort|Solomon|[[Prabhu Solomon]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3" | <ref>{{Cite news |date=1 May 2013 |title='Kumki' sweeps Norway Film Festival |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-sweeps-Norway-Film-Festival/articleshowprint/19815060.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101012925/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Kumki-sweeps-Norway-Film-Festival/articleshowprint/19815060.cms |archive-date=1 January 2019 |access-date=19 February 2026 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web |title=NTFF 2013: Program scheduled for 27th.April |url=http://www.ntff.no/program/Program%20scheduled%20for%20NTFF%202013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705055619/http://www.ntff.no/program/Program%20scheduled%20for%20NTFF%202013 |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |website=[[Norway Tamil Film Festival Awards]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Actress<br />
| {{sort|Menon|[[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Music Director<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row" rowspan="10" | [[South Indian International Movie Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="10" | [[2nd South Indian International Movie Awards|12{{ndash}}13 September 2013]]<br />
| Best Film&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| {{sort|Lingusamy|[[N. Lingusamy]]}}, N. Subhash Chandrabose<br />
| {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="10" | <ref>{{Cite episode |title=2nd South Indian International Movie Awards |series=South Indian International Movie Awards |series-link=South Indian International Movie Awards |network=[[Sun TV Network]] |year=2013}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Winners List&nbsp;– 2013 |url=http://siima.in/2013/winners.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705101950/http://siima.in/2013/winners.html |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |publisher=[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]}}</ref><br/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamath |first=Sudish |author-link=Sudhish Kamath |date=15 September 2013 |title=Stars in Sharjah |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/stars-in-sharjah/article5128642.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219131946/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/stars-in-sharjah/article5128642.ece |archive-date=19 February 2014 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Director&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| {{sort|Solomon|[[Prabhu Solomon]]}}<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Cinematographer&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| Sukumar<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Comedian&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| {{sort|Ramaiah|[[Thambi Ramaiah]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Music Director&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}}<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Lyricist&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| [[Yugabharathi]] for "Solitaley"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Male Playback Singer&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| [[Haricharan]] for "Ayayayo Aananthamey"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Female Playback Singer&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| {{sort|Ghoshal|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]}} for "Solitaley"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Dance Choreographer&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| Noble for "Ayyayayo Aananthamey"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Male Debutant&nbsp;– Tamil<br />
| {{sort|Prabhu|[[Vikram Prabhu]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row" rowspan="7" | [[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="7" | 13 July 2017<br />
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award Special Prize|Special Prize (Best Film)]]<br />
| {{sort|Lingusamy|[[N. Lingusamy]]}}, N. Subhash Chandrabose<br />
| {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="7" | <ref>{{Cite news |date=14 July 2017 |title=Tamil Nadu announces the State Film Awards for six consecutive years in surprise move. Here's the complete list of winners |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/tamil-nadu-announces-the-state-film-awards-for-six-consecutive-years-in-surprise-movie-heres-the-complete-list-of-winners-4750350/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721040608/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/tamil-nadu-announces-the-state-film-awards-for-six-consecutive-years-in-surprise-movie-heres-the-complete-list-of-winners-4750350/ |archive-date=21 July 2017 |access-date=21 July 2017 |work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><br /><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |date=14 July 2017 |title=TN Govt. announces Tamil Film Awards for six years |url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/tn-govt-announces-tamil-film-awards-for-six-years/article19273078.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721040708/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/tn-govt-announces-tamil-film-awards-for-six-years/article19273078.ece |archive-date=21 July 2017 |access-date=14 July 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award Special Prize|Special Prize (Best Actor)]]<br />
| {{sort|Prabhu|[[Vikram Prabhu]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]<br />
| {{sort|Menon|[[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]]}}{{efn|Also for ''[[Sundarapandian]]''.}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Director|Best Music Director]]<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Best Male Playback Singer]]<br />
| [[Ranjith (singer)|Ranjith]] for "Solitaley"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Female Playback Singer]]<br />
| {{sort|Ghoshal|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]}} for "Solitaley"<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Cinematographer|Best Cinematographer]]<br />
| {{sort|Sukumar|[[M. Sukumar]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
!scope="row" rowspan="10" | [[Vijay Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="10" | [[7th Vijay Awards|11 May 2013]]<br />
| [[Vijay Award for Best Director|Best Director]]<br />
| {{sort|Solomon|[[Prabhu Solomon]]}}<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="10" | <ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mY5eoO3MBxo |title=Vijay Awards 05/31/13 |date=31 May 2013 |publisher=[[Star Vijay|Vijay Television]] |access-date=18 February 2026 |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/vijay-awards-31-05-13 |archive-date=25 February 2025 |url-status=dead |via=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref><br/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Naig |first=Udhav |date=14 May 2013 |title=Stars, big and small |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/stars-big-and-small/article4714588.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307073045/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/stars-big-and-small/article4714588.ece |archive-date=7 March 2014 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><br/><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2013 |title=Thuppakki sweeps Vijay Awards! |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-interviews/Thuppakki-sweeps-Vijay-Awards/articleshow/20026331.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513173827/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-interviews/Thuppakki-sweeps-Vijay-Awards/articleshow/20026331.cms |archive-date=13 May 2013 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dhanush, Samantha win top honours at Vijay Awards |url=http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Dhanush-Samantha-win-top-honours-at-Vijay-Awards/2013/05/13/article1588000.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513210318/http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Dhanush-Samantha-win-top-honours-at-Vijay-Awards/2013/05/13/article1588000.ece |archive-date=13 May 2013 |access-date=18 February 2026 |website=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Vijay Award for Best Debut Actor|Best Debut Actor]]<br />
| {{sort|Prabhu|[[Vikram Prabhu]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vijay Award for Best Music Director|Best Music Director]]<br />
| {{sort|Imman|[[D. Imman]]}}<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vijay Award for Best Art Director|Best Art Director]]<br />
| Vairabalan<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vijay Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Best Male Playback Singer]]<br />
| [[Haricharan]] for "Ayayayo Aananthamey"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vijay Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyricist]]<br />
| [[Yugabharathi]] for "Solitaley"<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Dialogue<br />
| {{sort|Solomon|[[Prabhu Solomon]]}}<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vijay Award for Best Costume Designer|Best Costume Designer]]<br />
| Ganesh<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| Face of the Year<br />
| {{sort|Prabhu|[[Vikram Prabhu]]}}<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vijay Award for Favourite Song|Favourite Song]]<br />
| "Solitaley"<br />
| {{nom}}'<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Legacy ==<br />
''Kumki'' emerged a breakthrough for Vikram Prabhu and Lakshmi Menon;<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 February 2026 |title=The values behind Vikram Prabhu's success: Inside his bond with Prabhu |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/parenting/moments/the-values-behind-vikram-prabhus-success-inside-his-bond-with-prabhu/articleshow/127973050.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260207202728/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/parenting/moments/the-values-behind-vikram-prabhus-success-inside-his-bond-with-prabhu/articleshow/127973050.cms |archive-date=7 February 2026 |access-date=19 February 2026 |work=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref> the latter became a leading actress in [[Tamil cinema]] with the success of this film and ''Sundarapandian'',<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2012 |title=Who is the woman on top in 2012? |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/Who-is-the-woman-on-top-in-2012-imagegallery-Kollywood-mm1rKWhgfeh.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121229214711mp_/http://www.sify.com/movies/Who-is-the-woman-on-top-in-2012-imagegallery-Kollywood-mm1rKWhgfeh.html |archive-date=29 December 2012 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> and went to feature in notable Tamil films such as ''[[Pandiya Naadu]]'' (2013),<ref>{{cite web |date=8 November 2013 |title=Lakshmi Menon's lucky streak continues |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/lakshmi-menons-lucky-streak-continues-news-malayalam-nlinUJcbjhd.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110031801/http://www.sify.com/movies/lakshmi-menons-lucky-streak-continues-news-malayalam-nlinUJcbjhd.html |archive-date=10 November 2013 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> ''[[Jigarthanda (2014 film)|Jigarthanda]]'' (2014)<ref>{{cite web |title=Lakshmi Menon to have two releases in May! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/lakshmi-menon-to-have-two-releases-in-may-news-tamil-ofik9leccai.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508190046/http://www.sify.com/movies/lakshmi-menon-to-have-two-releases-in-may-news-tamil-ofik9leccai.html |archive-date=8 May 2014 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> and ''[[Vedalam]]'' (2015).<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 November 2015 |title=Vedalam movie review: Siruthai Siva does justice to the strengths of Ajith in this potboiler |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/vedalam-movie-review-siruthai-siva-does-justice-to-the-strengths-of-ajith-in-this-potboiler-272425-2015-11-11 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250817031033/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/vedalam-movie-review-siruthai-siva-does-justice-to-the-strengths-of-ajith-in-this-potboiler-272425-2015-11-11 |archive-date=17 August 2025 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[India Today]]}}</ref> Both Vikram and Menon paired again for the 2021 film ''[[Pulikkuthi Pandi]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2021 |title=பொங்கலன்று வெளியாகும் தமிழ் திரைப்படங்கள்! |trans-title=Tamil films releasing this Pongal! |url=https://www.dinamani.com/specialstories/2021/jan/07/tamil-movies-to-be-released-on-pongal-3539418.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109210721/https://www.dinamani.com/specialstories/2021/jan/07/tamil-movies-to-be-released-on-pongal-3539418.html |archive-date=9 January 2021 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[Dinamani]] |language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 January 2021 |title=தியேட்டருக்கு பதில் டி.வி.யில் வெளியாகும் விக்ரம் பிரபு படம் |trans-title=Vikram Prabhu's film will release on TV instead of theatres |url=https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinemanews/2021/01/01074003/2212916/Tamil-cinema-vikram-Prabhus-PulikuthiPandi-will-release.vpf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112062642/https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinemanews/2021/01/01074003/2212916/Tamil-cinema-vikram-Prabhus-PulikuthiPandi-will-release.vpf |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=7 January 2021 |website=[[Maalai Malar]] |language=Tamil}}</ref> Ashvin Raja who garnered attention for his role in Kumki, was thereafter known as ''Kumki'' Ashwin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=K |first=Janani |date=20 June 2020 |title=Kumki Ashwin and Vidyasree to get married on June 24 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kumki-ashwin-and-vidyasree-to-get-married-on-june-24-1690959-2020-06-20 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007124209/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kumki-ashwin-and-vidyasree-to-get-married-on-june-24-1690959-2020-06-20 |archive-date=7 October 2022 |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> The comedy sequence featuring Thambi Ramaiah's character Kothalli also became popular after the film's release.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ItKU8PvB3Nc |title=Kumki - Thambi Ramaiah Comedy {{!}} Vikram Prabhu {{!}} Lakshmi Menon {{!}} Prabhu Solomon |date=10 January 2017 |last=Thirrupathi Brothers |author-link=Thirrupathi Brothers |language=Ta |access-date=19 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250423075500/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ItKU8PvB3Nc |archive-date=23 April 2025 |url-status=live |via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==In other media==<br />
In ''[[Thalaivan]]'' (2014), Kannan ([[Santhanam (actor)|Santhanam]]) will only give medicine to the old people if the nurse says "I love you". Mistakenly thinking that the nurse is actually in love with him, the song "Solitaley" plays in the background.<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Thalaivan |type=motion picture |language=ta |publisher=Blue Ocean Pictures |year=2014 |time=1:06:54}}</ref><!-- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FjtGX1gZ_1o%3Fsi%3D5ONwIQje8f8zxX2b --> The song "Ayyayayo Aananthamey" was parodied in ''[[Vallavanukku Pullum Aayudham]]'' (2014) when Sakthi's bicycle (voiced by [[G. Gnanasambandan]]) was driven by a man who weighs more than {{Convert|100|kg}} which the cycle cannot handle.<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Vallavanukku Pullum Aayudham |type=motion picture |language=ta |publisher=[[PVP Cinema]] |year=2014 |time=1:37:15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=S. R. Ashok |date=3 May 2014 |title=Vallavanukku Pullum Aayudham: Strong lyrics, beautiful singing |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/vallavanukku-pullum-aayudham-strong-lyrics-beautiful-singing/article5973127.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424130532/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/vallavanukku-pullum-aayudham-strong-lyrics-beautiful-singing/article5973127.ece |archive-date=24 April 2023 |access-date=19 February 2026 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]] also parodied the song in ''[[Vai Raja Vai]]'' (2015), in a scene where he tells [[M. S. Bhaskar]] that he participated in [[Super Singer (Tamil TV series)|''Super Singer'']] and sang this song in a loud, base voice for a comedy.<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Vai Raja Vai |last= |publisher=[[AGS Entertainment]] |time=1:10:45 |year=2015|language=Ta|type=Motion picture}}</ref> The song "Soi Soi" was reused in the [[Marathi language|Marathi]] film ''[[Carry On Maratha]]'' (2015) as "Yuvarani (Soi Soi)", with new lyrics by Kashmira Kulkarni.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 July 2015 |title=Imman's Soi Soi, now in a Marathi film |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/Immans-Soi-Soi-now-in-a-Marathi-film/articleshow/48223529.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712204353/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/immans-soi-soi-now-in-a-marathi-film/articleshow/48223529.cms |archive-date=12 July 2023 |access-date=25 October 2015 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Future==<br />
A [[spiritual successor]] ''[[Kumki 2]]'', also directed by Solomon, was released in 2025.<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 November 2025 |title=Madras HC clears hurdles for Prabu Solomon's Kumki 2, film releases in theatres |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Nov/15/madras-hc-clears-hurdles-for-prabu-solomons-kumki-2-film-releases-in-theatres |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251208005624/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Nov/15/madras-hc-clears-hurdles-for-prabu-solomons-kumki-2-film-releases-in-theatres |archive-date=8 December 2025 |access-date=19 February 2026 |work=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{Notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb title}}<br />
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}<br />
<br />
{{Prabhu Solomon}}<br />
{{N. Lingusamy}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2012 Tamil-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2012 adventure films]]<br />
[[Category:2012 films]]<br />
[[Category:2012 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:2012 romantic drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Elephants in India]]<br />
[[Category:Films about elephants]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Prabhu Solomon]]<br />
[[Category:Films distributed by Studio Green]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by D. Imman]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in forests]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Munnar]]<br />
[[Category:Indian adventure films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language adventure films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language romantic drama films]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vin_Rana&diff=470957Vin Rana2026-03-02T04:45:22Z<p>KatherinSteger: small rework details per standard format further based on references</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian television actor (born 1975)}}<br />
{{More footnotes|date=July 2023}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox model<br />
| name = Vin Rana<br />
| image =File:Vin_Rana_at_Haq_Se_screening_(1)_(cropped).jpg<br />
| caption = Rana at [[Zee Rishtey Awards]] 2016<br />
| birth_name = Vinay Rana<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1986|12|16|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], India<br />
| height = <br />
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Model (person)|Model]]|[[Actor]]}} <br />
| years_active = 2013&ndash;present<br />
| spouse(s) = {{marriage|Nita Sofiani|2016|2021|end=separated}}<br />
| children= 1 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Vinay Rana''',<ref>{{Cite news|title=Change of name brought a lot of positivity in my life: Vin Rana|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Vin-Rana-aka-Iravan-of-Mahabharat-has-changed-his-name-from-Vinay-to-Vin/articleshow/28336156.cms|last=|first=|date=3 January 2014|website=The Times of India|access-date=}}</ref> (born 16 December 1986) professionally known as '''Vin Rana''' is an [[Indian actor]] and model. He is known for his roles such as [[Nakula]] in ''[[Mahabharat (2013 TV series)|Mahabharat]]'' and Purab Khanna in ''[[Kumkum Bhagya]]''.<br />
<br />
==Early life==<br />
Rana was born on 16 December 1986 in [[Delhi]] in a [[Hindu]] family to Krishna Rana. He has two sisters, Reema Rana and Kimmy Rana. Rana completed his schooling from local school in Delhi and graduated with a [[Bachelor's of Technology]] degree.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india.com/showbiz/kumkum-bhagya-teams-amazing-surprise-for-vin-rana-aka-purab-on-his-30th-birthday-1717972/|title = Kumkum Bhagya team's amazing surprise for Vin Rana aka Purab on his 30th birthday!|date = 22 December 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Personal life ==<br />
He embraced fatherhood with the birth of his daughter, Milana Ulianova Rana with his ex-gf Valeria Ulianova in 2015. Rana married Nita Sofiani, an Indonesian model on 22 February 2016 but they later separated in 2021 because unknown reason.<ref>{{cite news |author=Oleh Riswinanti |url=http://www.bintang.com/celeb/read/2444243/pernikahan-penuh-cinta-ala-nita-sofiani-dan-vin-rana |title=Pernikahan Penuh Cinta ala Nita Sofiani dan Vin Rana |website=[[Emtek|Bintang.com]] |date=24 February 2016 |language=Indonesian}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
<br />
Vin Rana began his television journey in September 2013 by bagging the role of [[Vrishaketu]], Karna's son in the [[Star Plus]] series ''[[Mahabharat (2013 TV series)|Mahabharat]]'', based on the [[Mahabharat|sanskrit epic of the same name]] until it went off air in 2014. He then acted in television series ''[[Ek Hasina Thi (TV series)|Ek Hasina Thi]]'' with the same channel as Karan Seth. Next, he played the role of Malay Mittal in ''[[Vishkanya Ek Anokhi Prem Kahani]]'' opposite [[Aishwarya Khare]] from 2015 to 2016.<br />
<br />
Vin Rana has also played pivotal role of Purab Khanna replacing [[Arjit Taneja]] in [[Zee TV]]'s ''[[Kumkum Bhagya]]''. A year later, he appeared in the show's spin-off ''[[Kundali Bhagya]]'' playing the same role with his co-stars [[Sriti Jha]], [[Shabir Ahluwalia]] .<br />
<br />
In 2019, he was seen essaying the role of Kapil Salgaonkar in ''[[Kavach (TV series)|Kavach 2: Mahashivratri]]'' opposite [[Deepika Singh]], also his music video 'Fitte Muh' was launched in the same year. <br />
<br />
Later, Vin played roles of Oscar Mathews and Abeer Singh in [[ZEE5]]'s ''Poison 2'' and ''Jamai 2.0'' respectively. <br />
<br />
== Television ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Year <br />
! Serial <br />
! Role <br />
! Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| 2013–2014<br />
| ''[[Mahabharat (2013 TV series) | Mahabharat]]''<br />
| [[Nakula]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2014<br />
| ''[[Ek Hasina Thi (TV series) | Ek Hasina Thi]]''<br />
| Karan Seth<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2016<br />
| ''[[Vishkanya...Ek Anokhi Prem Kahani]]''<br />
| Malay Mittal<br />
| <ref>{{cite news |author=Sameena Razzaq |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/television/220416/i-was-desperate-to-play-maloy.html |title=I was desperate to play Maloy, says Vin Rana |newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=22 April 2016}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2016–2021 <br />
| ''[[Kumkum Bhagya]]''<br />
| rowspan = "2" | Purab Khanna<br />
| <ref>{{cite news |author=Neha Maheshwri |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Not-Ishaan-Manhas-but-Vin-Rana-in-Kumkum-Bhagya/articleshow/54735036.cms |title=Not Ishaan Manhas, but Vin Rana in 'Kumkum Bhagya' |newspaper=[[Times of India]] |date=7 October 2016}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2017–2018<br />
| ''[[Kundali Bhagya]]''<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2019<br />
| ''[[Kavach... Maha Shivratri]]''<br />
| Kapil Salgaonkar<br />
| <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/telly-talk/gossip/article/kawach-2-promo-deepika-singh-namik-paul-and-vin-rana-make-this-supernatural-drama-intriguing-video-tv-news/412621 |title=Kawach 2 promo: Deepika Singh, Namik Paul and Vin Rana make this supernatural drama intriguing |website=Times Now |date=4 May 2019 |language=en-GB |access-date=2019-05-05}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2022–2023<br />
| ''[[Palkon Ki Chhaon Mein 2]]''<br />
| Anshuman Jha<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Filmography ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
! Year<br />
! Film<br />
! Role<br />
! Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| 2023<br />
| ''[[Shehzada (2023 film) | Shehzada]]''<br />
| Vikrant Paul<br />
| <ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |title=Shehzada Movie Star Cast - Bollywood Hungama |website= [[Bollywood Hungama]]|date= 17 February 2023|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/shehzada-2/cast/ |access-date=2023-04-14 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Web series===<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Title<br />
!scope="col"| Role<br />
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2020<br />
| ''[[Poison 2]]''<br />
| Oscar Mathews<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2020-09-14|title=Poison 2 (Zee5) Web Series Watch Online, Cast, Trailer, Release Date|url=https://www.news23.in/poison-2-zee5-web-series-watch-online-cast-trailer-release-date/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011091318/https://www.news23.in/poison-2-zee5-web-series-watch-online-cast-trailer-release-date/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=11 October 2020|access-date=2020-09-29|website=Bollywood News 23|language=en-US}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''Jamai 2.0''<br />
|Abeer Singh<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Indonesian shows ===<br />
He worked in Indonesia in late 2014 and 2015 and appeared in several shows, including:<br />
* ''Pesbukers''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kapanlagi.com/showbiz/bollywood/kerap-tampil-di-pesbukers-vin-rana-bakal-jadi-tamu-tetap-901531.html |title=Kerap Tampil di 'Pesbukers', Vin Rana Bakal Jadi Tamu Tetap? |website=KapanLagi |date=20 October 2014 |language=Indonesian}}</ref><br />
* ''[[The New Eat Bulaga Indonesia]]''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kapanlagi.com/showbiz/bollywood/sweet-begini-suasana-pertemuan-pertama-vin-rana-dan-nita-sofiani-68bd47.html |title=Sweet! Begini Suasana Pertemuan Pertama Vin Rana dan Nita Sofiani |website=KapanLagi |date=4 December 2015 |language=Indonesian}}</ref><br />
* ''[[Aladin & Alakadam]]''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kapanlagi.com/showbiz/bollywood/akting-pakai-bahasa-indonesia-vin-rana-banjir-pujian-dari-fans-54134c.html |title=Akting Pakai Bahasa Indonesia, Vin Rana Banjir Pujian Dari Fans |website=KapanLagi |date=18 November 2016 |language=Indonesian}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Year !! Award !! Category !! Show !! Result<br />
|-<br />
| 2018 || [[Gold Awards]] || Most Fit Actor (Male) || {{n/a}} || {{nom}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Commons category}}<br />
* {{IMDb name|5970969}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rana, Vin}}<br />
[[Category:Indian male models]]<br />
[[Category:Male actors from Delhi]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male television actors]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:1986 births]]<br />
[[Category:Male actors from Mumbai]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{India-tv-actor-stub}}</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manoj_George&diff=516231Manoj George2026-02-23T22:21:44Z<p>KatherinSteger: made data - done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian violinist and a music composer}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox musical artist<br />
| name = Manoj George<br />
| image = Manoj George 2.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250<br />
| image_upright = <br />
| caption = Manoj George<br />
| origin = [[Olarikkara]], [[Thrissur]], Kerala, India<br />
| genre = [[World fusion]], [[Indian fusion]], [[Contemporary music|Contemporary]], [[Classical music|Classical]], Indian blues, [[Indo jazz]], [[Indian folk music]], [[Rock music]] [[New-age music|New-age]]<br />
| occupation = [[Violinist]], [[Music composer]], [[Music Arranger]], [[Music Director]],<br />
| instrument = Violin<br />
| years_active = 1987–present<br />
| associated_acts = <br />
| website = {{URL|manojgeorge.com}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Manoj George''' (born in Olarikkara, Thrissur district, Keralais) an Indian [[violinist]] and a [[music composer]].<ref name="Roland Honour for Manoj">{{cite web | url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/Roland-Honour-for-Manoj/2014/02/17/article2060575.ece | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302181344/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/Roland-Honour-for-Manoj/2014/02/17/article2060575.ece | url-status=dead | archive-date=2 March 2014 | title=Roland Honour for Manoj | work=The New Indian Express | date=17 February 2014 | accessdate=17 February 2014}}</ref> He performed as the conductor, [[string instrument|string]] arranger, solo violinist and [[choral]] arranger of 3 Grammy Award Winning albums : ''Winds of Samsara'', in 2015,<ref name="String of achievements">{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/violinist-manoj-george-on-the-grammy-awardwinning-winds-of-samsara/article7582794.ece | title=String of achievements | newspaper=The Hindu | date=27 August 2015 | accessdate=16 August 2016}}</ref> ''Divine Tides'' in 2022 for the [[Best New Age Album]] & ''Divine Tides'' in 2023 as the Best Immersive Audio album. He is reported to be the first Indian violinist recognised by the [[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]], The [[Grammys]], United States and the first [[Malayali]] violinist to receive the honour.<ref name="Grammy winner Manoj George with SBS Malayalam">{{cite web|url=http://www.sbs.com.au/yourlanguage/malayalam/en/content/grammy-winner-manoj-george-sbs-malayalam|title=Grammy winner Manoj George with SBS Malayalam|date=23 October 2015|publisher=SBS|accessdate=16 August 2016}}</ref> Manoj George has won several accolades for his Music Compositions including a nomination to [https://www.hmmawards.com HollyWood Music in Media awards] and 3 [http://www.globalmusicawards.com Global Music Awards]. <br />
<br />
Manoj George estimated to be performed at more than 3000 concerts around the globe. He has composed music for [[Malayalam Language|Malayalam]] and [[Kannada Language|Kannada]] films, documentary films, corporate movies and advertisements. He is the brand ambassador for YAMAHA Violins, ROLAND- Japan, CANTINI Electric Violins - Italy & STENTOR Violins - UK.<br />
<br />
One of the best violinists known for his own compositions and noted for introducing contemporary styles on violin amalgamating western music with Indian classical. His experiments in Indian music with different styles of music from different parts of the world like blues, Latin, Indo jazz etc. brought him to be one of the famous violinists in India. He is an avid humanitarian and philanthropist, donating and raising money for beneficial causes and supporting charities.<br />
<br />
Manoj George and Fr. Paul Poovathingal released [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9echIwvE0u0 ''Sarvesa''], a Sanskrit rendition of the Lord's Prayer. [[Pope Francis]] officially launched the track at the Vatican on November 20, 2024. <br />
<br />
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9echIwvE0u0 Sarvesa] features performances by legendary singer [[Padma Vibhushan]] Dr. [[K. J. Yesudas]], Fr. Paul Poovathingal, [[Ricky Kej]], [[Rakesh Chaurasia]], the Los Angeles Orchestra, and a chorus of 100 priests and 100 nuns. It won the Global Music Awards 2025 for Best Production and Best Composition. ''Sarvesa'' ''is a'' noble project to help the brain development of children affected with autism, cerebral palsy and intellectual disability through Neurologic Music Therapy by Chetana Ganashram.<br />
<br />
== Awards and recognitions ==<br />
<br />
* '''2025''' - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9echIwvE0u0 Sarvesa] Composed and Produced by Manoj George & Fr. Paul Poovathingal was the Global Music Award Winner for Best Composition and Best Production. <br />
* '''2024''' - ''Performed as the Musician for the album'' Break of Dawn which was a [[Grammy Award]] Nominee for the Best New Age, Ambient or Chant Album <br />
* '''2023''' - ''Performed as the Conductor, Arranger and Musician for the album'' Divine Tides which won the [[Grammy Award]] for the [[Best Immersive Audio Album]] <br />
* '''2022''' ''- Performed as the Conductor, Arranger and Musician for the album'' Divine Tides which won the [[Grammy Award]] for the [[Best New Age Album]].<br />
* '''2020''' - Manoj George had nominated for [https://www.hmmawards.com/2020-music-genre-nominees/ Hollywood Music in Media Awards] for the world category for his composition [https://open.spotify.com/album/4dgnxQYaatrOYroNnY2sRk?si=KKEbs-ZtSqOB-D-K7DHDwQ/ "Sparkling Celebrations"]<br />
* '''2019''' - Manoj George's original composition - [https://open.spotify.com/track/4gOh6YHUiJPvh2VHXpDsa7?si=8764cde623de4a9f/ "Saraswati"], which highlights cultural harmony by blending western and Carnatic styles has won Silver medal (Outstanding Achievement award) from [http://www.globalmusicawards.com/ Global Music awards] in 2019.<br />
* '''2018''' - He was also the music director for the film [[Urvi (film)|Urvi]] which has been nominated by the Los Angeles Film Awards in 2017 and won the best feature film at New York city film awards in 2018.<br />
* '''2015''' - Recognised by [https://www.grammy.com The Grammy], where he performed as the conductor, [[string instrument|string]] arranger, violinist and [[choral]] arranger for the album ''Winds of Samsara'', which won the [[Grammy Award]] for the [[Best New Age Album]].<br />
* '''2001''' - He scored the [[background music]] for a Malayalam film " [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3766616/?ref_=ext_shr_lnk Gharaksharangal] " which won the [[National Film Award for Best Children's Film]].<br />
<br />
'''Recognitions'''<br />
<br />
* Represented Kerala & Lakshadweep NCC directorate as the cultural leader at the Republic Day Camp Held in New Delhi in 1990. He was awarded a scholarship from the Ministry of Human Resource and Culture, [[Government of India|Govt. of India]], New Delhi for the years 1992–1994.<br />
* He was honored by [[Oommen Chandy]] the [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] for his achievements in music on 25 August 2015 in [[Thiruvananthapuram]], the capital city of [[Kerala]].<br />
* He is the first Indian violinist to serve as the [[Brand Ambassador]] for ''[[Roland Corporation|Yamaha, Volins]]'', ''[[Roland Corporation]]'' ''Japan'', ''Cantini [[Electric violin]]s Italy, & Stentor Violins, UK.''<br />
<br />
== Performances ==<br />
Manoj George has performed widely in [[India]] and across the World with various groups, musicians and at numerous prestigious events (>3000 performances).<br />
<br />
Manoj George has composed "Burning Love" for [[Pope Francis]] for his 83rd birthday celebration at HongKong and Macau on 13th and 15th of Dec 2019. The music track was accompanied by a chamber orchestra from Vienna conducted by Francois-Pierre Descamps and the soprano by the famous German singer Barbara Kajetanowicz along with his solo violin. Manoj George composed this music in Raga Jog combining different styles music from different parts of the world.<br />
<br />
His notable concerts include the performance at the [[Miss World 1996|Miss World]] pageant in 1996, opening act for Canadian rock musician, [[Bryan Adams]] and representing India at the [[World Military Games]].<ref name="Manoj George – Violinist & Music Composer">{{cite web|url=http://www.roland.co.in/roland-artists/manoj-george-violinist-music-composer/|title=Manoj George – Violinist & Music Composer|year=2016|publisher=Roland Corporation|accessdate=16 August 2016}}</ref> He represented [[Kerala]] and [[Lakshadweep]] NCC ([[National Cadet Corps (India)|National Cadet Corps]]) ([[India]]) Directorate as the Cultural Leader at the [[Republic Day]] Camp Held in New Delhi in 1990. He is the first Indian violinist to perform in United Nations as part of "Breathe life for healthy people-Healthy planet" for first [[World Health Organization|WHO]] global conference on Air pollution and Health.<br />
<br />
He has performed with many legendary musicians like [[Stewart Copeland|Pt. Vishwa Mohan Bhatt]], [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[L. Subramaniam]], [[Stewart Copeland]], [[Trilok Gurtu]], [[Sivamani (percussionist)|Shivamani]], [[Wouter Kellerman]], [[Ricky Kej]], [[Raghu Dixit]], [[Lonnie Park]], [[Firdaus Orchestra]] by [[A. R. Rahman|A R Rahman]], [[Lucky Ali]], [[K. J. Yesudas|Dr. K J Yesudas]], [[K. S. Chithra|K S Chitra]] and many more. He has also scored and recorded with [[Royal Philharmonic Orchestra]] at [[Abbey Road Studios|Abbey Road studio]], London.<br />
<br />
== Musical style and compositions ==<br />
Manoj George is skilled in both [[Indian classical music|Indian Classical]] and Western music. His original musical compositions merges elements of these different styles and genre. His music always has an Indian soul, and He introduced contemporary styles on violin, introduced a new genre "Contemporary Indian World Fusion". He is excellent on different genre's like [[World fusion]], [[Indian classical]], Classical, Indian blues, [[Indo jazz]], [[Blues]], [[Indian folk music]], [[Folk music]]. He experiments on violin's possibilities with other instruments and comes up with great compositions.<br />
<br />
== Philanthropic work ==<br />
Apart from being a famous violin player and music director, Manoj George spends time on charity activities, fund raising programs and he is the patron of the charitable organization (Little flower charitable society) – a movement to improve the quality life of poor.<br />
<br />
Manoj has initiated a campaign to recognize independent musicians in India. "He pointed out that the music industry needed a boost. This can be in the form of awards for non-film music, which would be a game-changer. Cinema is the pivot around which majority of musicians revolve. But the fact is that hardly 20 per cent of the musicians, singers included, manage to break into films. The rest of them simply survive without recognition for their talent and hard work." Manoj wants to change this imbalance, albeit gradually. Internationally the scene is so different. "Michael Jackson, Brian Adams and Shakira became stars through parallel music and not by singing in films. Even in India, there was a time when independent musicians such as Daler Mehndi, Alisha Chinai and Lucky Ali, and their albums were so popular.<br />
<br />
Manoj's mission is to "Change Lives through Music" as well as to make and perform music for those who rarely find their way to concerts, like a performance he had done on Bangalore jail. He recognizes that such performances are very inspiring. The happiness and joy from the audience is a different".<br />
<br />
== Early life ==<br />
Manoj George was born in [[Olarikkara]], in [[Thrissur]] District of the south Indian state of Kerala. Post his graduation, he moved out to Bangalore to pursue a career as a Music composer, Live performer and a Violinist. Manoj George is a [[Licentiate (degree)]] (LTCL) performer in Violin from the [[Trinity College London]].<br />
<br />
Manoj first picked up the violin when he was 13. During his childhood days, he always used to get fascinated by a melodious sound coming from his church Choir. Later realized that the beautiful sound was coming from Violin, the eagerness towards that sound always made him sit next to the church choir, violin player and watch the violinist play. The mesmerizing sound haunted him all the time and that got developed into a wish that he should learn that instrument. As a child, he used to sing quite well and participated in all competitions. His father was the first to notice his interests in music and asked him if he is interested to learn any instruments, and that realization reached to Leslie Peter, started learning Violin from his Guru, Kerala's’s famed tutor Sri. Leslie Peter in Kalasadan, Thrissur.<br />
<br />
While he was doing his bachelor's degree, he was awarded scholarship from the Ministry of Human Resources and Culture, [[Government of India|Govt. of India]], New Delhi. And wanted to pursue this passion seriously and hence moved out from academic studies. This was a very tough decision as it was very unusual, rare and not accepted among the crowd. Post completion of his graduation at St. Aloysius college in Thrissur, Fr. Thomas Chakkalamattath, director of Chetana Music Academy guided him to Pondicherry for further studies in western classical music. Studied in [[Puducherry (city)|Pondicherry]] for 3 years till he completed Licentiate certification (LTCL) under the guidance of Sr. Mary Judith. At the same time, he used to travel to [[Bangalore]], [[Mumbai]], and [[Chennai]] for master violin classes from luminaries like [[Philomena Thumboochetty]], Galina Heifetz and Arvind Santwan. Manoj has drawn inspiration from renowned musicians like L Subramanyam, Stephane Grappelli, Jean Luc Ponty, John Mac, Yanni and the journey of the popular violinist began.<br />
<br />
Manoj George resides in [[Bangalore]] with his family, spouse Susha Manoj, Neil Manoj and Niya Rose.<br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
After a few years of learning Violin, his teacher offered him to play for concerts, he was truly excited about this offer, since he was still in his 10th grade. He was the youngest in the popular band of Kerala, Thrissur Kalasadan. This gave him an opportunity to perform with legendary singers like [[K. J. Yesudas|KJ Yesudas]], [[K. S. Chithra|KS Chitra]], [[P. Jayachandran|P Jayachandran]] etc. This also given him an opportunity to play for studio recording sessions, movies and album at a very young age. Post Completing Licentiate of Trinity College London (LTCL) performer in Violin Sr. Judith introduced him to Mrs. Sunderlal, Director of Bangalore School of Music, who offered him to teach at Bangalore Music School and as well started performing at the Bangalore Chamber of Orchestra.<br />
<br />
After collaborating with multiple bands, he established his own the world fusion band "[https://manojgeorge.com ManojGeorge 4Strings]", production house "NewWave Productions" and the music school "[https://manojgeorge.com Manoj George School of Music]".<br />
<br />
'''ManojGeorge 4Strings - The world fusion music band'''<br />
<br />
ManojGeorge 4Strings is established in 2009, and performs on numerous occasions for corporate events, music festivals, Public events, and College fests. The band's high-energy performances transport audiences back in time as it blends musicianship, creativity and tradition. Live music shows are engaging, entertaining, exciting for the audience. The band sprinkles in their own original compositions and other famous compositions. ManojGeorge 4Strings has collaborated with several legendary musician's, chamber orchestra's from different parts of the world.<br />
<br />
'''Manoj George School of Music'''<br />
<br />
The music school in Bangalore was established in 2009. Manoj George's passion for music, his interest to share his experience and knowledge to the next generations made him initiate this endeavour. His music academy has three centre's - Kasavanahalli, and Sarjapur road, Bangalore. Manoj George also finds time in taking music classes in Sarjapur Road center whenever he is in Bangalore.<br />
<br />
'''My Journey with Violin'''<br />
<br />
Manoj George has published his first book "My journey with violin - Violin Method for Beginners" in September 2020 by [[Lucky Ali]]. The book is a guide to beginners describing how to play violin and read music in a simple way. This Violin tutorial is available in amazon. Audio/Minus Track of this book is available in Manoj George's YouTube channel "[https://www.youtube.com/c/ManojGeorgeViolinist]","<br />
<br />
== Filmography ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! No. !! Year !! Title !! Starring !! Director !! Language !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 01 || 2000 || ''[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3766616/?ref_=ext_shr_lnk Gharaksharangal]'' || [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Sruthi Lakshmi]], [[Sona Nair]], [[Srihari]], [[TP Madhavan]], Manka Mahesh, Master Arun, Rinsa Salim, Sadiq || Salim Padiyath || [[Malayalam]]|| Music Director This film won the [[National Film Award for Best Children's Film]]<br />
|-<br />
| 02 || 2008 || ''[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt14254014/?ref_=ext_shr_lnk Athmeeya]'' || [[Akul Balaji]], [[Nivedhitha]], [[Rangayana Raghu]] || Govindaraj || [[Kannada]] || Music Director<br />
|-<br />
| 03 || 2012 || ''[[Vaadhyar]]'' || [[Jayasurya]], [[Menaka (actress)|Menaka]], [[Ann Augustine]], [[Nedumudi Venu]]|| Nidheesh Sakthi || [[Malayalam]] || Composed 2 songs for the film<br />
|-<br />
| 04 || 2015 || ''The Legend of Molokai'' || Fr. Ranjit || Tony P Varghese || [[Malayalam]] || Music Director<br />
|-<br />
| 05 || 2017 || ''[[Urvi (film)|Urvi]]'' || [[Sruthi Hariharan]], [[Shraddha Srinath]] || B. S. Pradeep Kumar || [[Kannada]] || Music Director<br />
|-<br />
|06<br />
|2023<br />
|[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt28020099/?ref_=ext_shr_lnk Rani Chithira Marthanda]<br />
|[[Kottayam Nazeer]], Joskutty Jacob Kochuparambil, Sini Abraham, Vaisakh Vijayan, Keerthana Sreekumar, Kiran Peethambaran<br />
|Pinku Peter<br />
|[[Malayalam]]<br />
|Music Director<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{Official website|http://manojgeorge.com/}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Manoj George}}<br />
[[Category:Indian film score composers]]<br />
[[Category:Musicians from Thrissur]]<br />
[[Category:Violinists from Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:Film musicians from Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian violinists]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basil_Thomson&diff=457228Basil Thomson2026-02-17T12:53:53Z<p>KatherinSteger: cleanup</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|British colonial administrator, prison governor and police officer}}<br />
{{for|the ballet dancer|Basil Thompson}}<br />
{{Use British English|date=August 2014}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}<br />
[[File:Sir-Basil-Home-Thomson.jpg|thumb|Sir Basil Home Thomson by an unknown photographer, late 1910s]]<br />
'''Sir Basil Home Thomson''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCB}} (21 April 1861 – 26 March 1939) was a British colonial administrator and prison governor, who was head of [[Metropolitan Police]] [[Criminal Investigation Department|CID]] during World War I. This gave him a key role in arresting wartime spies, and he was closely involved in the prosecution of [[Mata Hari]], Sir [[Roger Casement]] and many Irish and Indian nationalists. His equating of Jews with Bolshevism led to accusations of anti-semitism. Thomson was also a successful novelist.<br />
<br />
==Early life==<br />
Thomson was born in [[Oxford]], where his father, [[William Thomson (bishop)|William Thomson]] (who would later become [[Archbishop of York]]), was [[Provost (education)|provost]] of [[The Queen's College, Oxford|The Queen's College]]. Thomson was educated at Worsley's School in [[Hendon]] and [[Eton College]], and then attended [[New College, Oxford]], where a fellow undergraduate was [[Montague John Druitt]], the man named as the prime suspect in the [[Jack the Ripper]] case by Chief Constable [[Melville Macnaghten]] in a Scotland Yard document dated 1894. (Thomson replaced Macnaghten as head of CID at Scotland Yard in 1913.) Thomson ended his university studies after two terms, after suffering bouts of [[Major depressive disorder|depression]], and spent some time from 1881 to 1882 in the United States, working as a farmer in [[Iowa]].<ref name="odb">Noel Rutherford, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/36499 Thomson, Sir Basil Home (1861–1939)], ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'', Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, January 2008.</ref><br />
<br />
==Colonial service==<br />
In 1883, with the promise of marriage to a Grace Webber should he be financially secure, Thomson secured a cadet position at the [[Colonial Office]], where he assisted [[William Des Vœux|Sir William Des Vœux]], then [[Governor of Fiji]]. Arriving in [[Fiji]] in early 1884, he set about learning the [[Fijian language|Fijian]] and [[Tongan language|Tongan]] languages while appointed as a [[stipendiary magistrate]] throughout the islands. When [[William MacGregor|Sir William MacGregor]] was appointed administrator of [[British New Guinea]], Thomson joined his staff until he was invalided back to England after contracting [[malaria]].<ref name="odb" /> Back in England, Thomson married Grace Webber in 1890, returning to Fiji with his wife in the middle of that year to serve as commissioner of native lands. When [[John Bates Thurston|Sir John Thurston]], the Governor of Fiji, dismissed the [[Prime Minister of Tonga|Premier of Tonga]] ([[Shirley Waldemar Baker]]) in his capacity as [[High Commissioner]] of the [[British Western Pacific Territories|Western Pacific]], Thomson was moved to [[Tonga]], where he became assistant premier to [[Siaosi Tukuʻaho]], the pro-British chief appointed as Baker's replacement.<ref name="odb" /><br />
<br />
In 1899, the United Kingdom and Germany signed an agreement formalising each country's rights and claims over Tonga and [[Samoa]] respectively. Given his inside knowledge of Tongan politics, Thomson was tasked with expediting the establishment of a [[British protectorate]] over Tonga, which was established on 18 May 1900 despite the objections of some native chiefs who wished to retain their traditional privileges.<ref name="odb" /><br />
<br />
==Writing career==<br />
After three years at the Native Lands Office in [[Suva]], Thomson resigned from colonial service, and returned to England in 1893, due in no small part to the deteriorating health of his wife. In Ascot he briefly was supervising the education of the Crown Prince of Siam, [[Vajiravudh]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Trelawney D | title = The crown prince of Siam in his English home | journal = The English Illustrated Magazine | volume = 144 | pages = 515–21 | date = Sep 1895 }} {{cite web |url=https://www.victorianvoices.net/ARTICLES/EM/EM1895B/EM1895B-Siam.pdf|title=Crown Prince of Siam in his English Home|website= Victorian Voices}}</ref><br />
. He embarked on a career as a writer, drawing on his experiences in the South Sea Islands to produce ''South Sea Yarns'' (1894; written in Fiji),<ref>{{cite book |title=Magic and Religion |url=https://archive.org/details/magicreligion00langrich |last=Lang |first=Andrew |year=1901 |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co. |location=London |isbn=1-4021-1578-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/magicreligion00langrich/page/288 288] }}</ref> ''The Diversions of a Prime Minister'' (1894, about his government work in Tonga), and ''The Indiscretions of Lady Asenath'' (1898).<br />
Basil Thomson used his Fijian assistants to organise the first ever census of Fijian marriage on the largest island, [[Viti Levu]]. He found that Fijian men did not marry, as claimed in the specialised literature, their mother's brother's daughter, but married any woman and recalculated her kinship status after the marriage so as to address her by the term meaning mother's brother's daughter. <br />
{{citation needed|date=September 2018}}<br />
<br />
==Prison governorship==<br />
In the mid-1890s, Thomson read for the [[Bar association|bar]] examinations at the [[Inner Temple]], and was admitted to the bar in 1896. Instead of becoming a [[barrister]], Thomson accepted the position of [[prison governor|deputy governor]] at [[HM Prison Liverpool]], after his name was suggested for the post due to a personal acquaintance with [[Evelyn Ruggles-Brise|Sir Evelyn Ruggles-Brise]], a fellow [[Old Etonian]] who had stayed with Thomson in Tonga.<ref>{{cite book |title=Prison Governors: Managing Prisons in a Time of Change |last=Bryans |first=Shane |year=2007 |publisher=Willan Publishing |location=London |isbn=978-1-84392-223-0 |page=32 }}</ref> Over the next twelve years, he served as governor of [[HM Prison Northampton|Northampton]], [[HM Prison Cardiff|Cardiff]], [[HM Prison Dartmoor|Dartmoor]], and [[HM Prison Wormwood Scrubs|Wormwood Scrubs]] prisons. From 1908 to 1913, he served as secretary of the [[Prison Commission (England and Wales)|Prison Commission]].<br />
<br />
==Metropolitan Police==<br />
In June 1913, Thomson was appointed [[Assistant Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis|Assistant Commissioner "C" (Crime)]] of London's [[Metropolitan Police]], which made him the head of the [[Criminal Investigation Department]] (CID) at [[New Scotland Yard]]. When [[World War I]] broke out in 1914, the CID found itself acting as the enforcement arm for Britain's counter-intelligence apparatus: while the newly formed Secret Service Bureau and the intelligence arms of the [[War Office]] and the [[Admiralty (United Kingdom)|Admiralty]], collected intelligence on suspected spies in Britain, they had no arrest powers. As head of CID, Thomson was involved in the arrests in several high-profile espionage cases, including Lieutenant [[Carl Hans Lody]] and establishing himself a reputation as a "spycatcher".<ref name="odb" /> Thomson worked closely with the Secret Service Bureau's domestic wing (which eventually became the Security Service, [[MI5]]) under [[Vernon Kell]] and especially the MI5(g) section that dealt with the Indian nationalist movement in Europe.{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}}<br />
<br />
Since the existence of the latter organisation was not acknowledged at the time, Thomson controversially claimed a large proportion of the credit in the successful British counter-espionage operations. In his memoirs, ''The Scene Changes'', Thomson acknowledges only the works of [[Robert Nathan (intelligence officer)|Robert Nathan]], who worked closely with him, and was involved in the interrogation of a number of Indian revolutionaries who worked with [[Abteilung III b|German Intelligence]] during the war. Thomson and Nathan's work at the time was key in identifying the plans by [[Ghadar Party]] and the [[Indian Independence Committee]] to assassinate [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] in 1915 through an associate of [[Har Dayal]], [[Gobind Behari Lal]], as well as identifying the outlines of the [[Hindu–German Conspiracy|Indian revolutionary conspiracy]]. Their efforts at the time also resulted in the capture of [[Harish Chandra]] (who was associated with the [[Berlin Committee]]), and he was successfully turned into a [[double agent]]. Thomson's efforts were also key in uncovering the first concrete evidence of Turco-German agents [[Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition|operating in the Middle East]] and attempting to destabilise [[Afghanistan]] and [[British India]].<br />
<br />
He interrogated [[Mata Hari]], the Dutch exotic dancer later to be executed by the French as a spy. In 1916 she was taken off a ship sailing from Spain to the [[Netherlands]] at [[Falmouth, Cornwall|Falmouth]] as a suspicious person and brought to London where she was interrogated at length by Thomson. Eventually she claimed to be doing some work for French Intelligence. (A full transcript of this is in Britain's [[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|National Archives]] probably recorded and transcribed by [[Kathleen Pettigrew]].<ref name="Hubbard-Hall2024">{{cite book |last1=Hubbard-Hall |first1=Claire |title=Her Secret Service: The Forgotten Women of British Intelligence |date=2024 |publisher=W&N |isbn=978-1399603430 |pages=352}}</ref> Thomson himself refers to the transcript in his 1922 book ''Queer People'').<br />
<br />
Thomson's work as Assistant Commissioner of Scotland Yard Involved a wide range of investigations. His natural conservatism was given full throttle against suffragettes, then against spies from Imperial Germany and its allies, then against [[Irish nationalist]]s, and finally against British [[Marxist]]s. Thomson was involved with the spreading of public awareness of the "[[Black Diaries]]" used against [[Sir Roger Casement]] to prevent public support for a reduction of Casement's death sentence for [[high treason]] in 1916.<br />
<br />
More controversially, the large number of Jews among the Bolsheviks before Stalin's purges led some to think he equated Bolshevism with Jews.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} He wrote anti-Semiticly shaded articles for a newspaper, the ''[[Whitechapel Gazette]]'', owned by the highly questionable social figure [[Maundy Gregory]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} He burlesqued such views in his 1925 Sherlock Holmes spoof, "Mr Pepper Investigates", especially in Chapter 6, 'Blackmailers'. Thomson was appointed [[Companion of the Order of the Bath]] (CB) in 1916 and [[Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath]] (KCB) in 1919.<br />
<br />
In 1919, while remaining Assistant Commissioner (Crime), he was appointed [[Directorate of Intelligence (UK)|Director of Intelligence]] at the [[Home Office]], in overall charge of every intelligence agency in the United Kingdom. From 30 April 1919 he issued a fortnightly ''Report on Revolutionary Organisations in the United Kingdom'' from his offices in [[Scotland House]].<ref name="W&A">{{cite book|last1=Wilson|first1=Ray|last2=Adams|first2=Ian|title=Special Branch: A History: 1883–2006|date=2015|publisher=Biteback Publishing|location=London}}</ref> One of Thomson's Irish agents John Charles Byrnes was a [[double agent]] within the IRA who identified [[Michael Collins (Irish leader)|Michael Collins]] but who was executed by the IRA in March 1920.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bloodysunday.co.uk/castle-intelligence/thomson/byrnes/charles-byrnes.html|title=John Charles Byrnes or Jack Jameson|website=www.cairogang.com}}</ref> In 1921 he fell out with Lloyd George and agreed to resign from his Metropolitan Police and Home Office roles, taking effect on 30 November that year.<ref>'Spies' Terror Resigns. Sir Basil Thomson Goes From Scotland Yard', ''[[Pall Mall Gazette]]'', 31 October 1921, page 7</ref> The reasons for this remain mysterious.<br />
<br />
==The Hyde Park incident==<br />
In December 1925, Thomson was arrested in London's [[Hyde Park, London|Hyde Park]], and charged with "committing an act in violation of public decency" with a young woman, Miss Thelma de Lava. Thomson rejected the charges, insisting that he was engaged in conversation with the woman for the purposes of research for a book he was writing on London vice; found guilty of public indecency, he was fined £5 ({{inflation|UK|5|1925|fmt=eq|cursign=£}}).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110131212829/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,728905,00.html "The Thomson Case"], ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', 18 January 1926.</ref> The story he gave the court (which his barrister, Sir [[Henry Curtis-Bennett]], probably did not support) sounded totally peculiar. Thomson apparently lied (or told a half-truth) regarding his name, calling himself "Home Thomson" when he was arrested with de Lava. "Home" was one of his middle names. However he was recognised by the police. He tried alternately to bluster and to offer a vague bribe to the constables. When he presented his version in the courtroom he said he was researching a book on the danger of left wing agitators in England and he was together with de Lava waiting for the speech to begin. Had this been true, Thomson should have revealed in court who the orator was he was waiting for. He kept refusing, which, with the background of de Lava as a prostitute, forfeited the credibility that Thomson thought would save him.<br />
<br />
==Family==<br />
Thomson had three children:<br />
<br />
* Enid Zaina Thomson<br />
* Lieutenant-Colonel Vivian Home Seymer, DSO, MC (17 October 1894 – 7 January 1967), born Vivian Home Thomson, whose name was legally changed by royal licence on 3 November 1919.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radleyarchives.co.uk/browse/magazines/the-radleian/the-radleian-1920-1929/the-radleian-no443-may-1922/101800|title=The Radleian No 443, May 1922}}</ref> <br />
* Amherst Felix Basil Home Thomson (1911–?)<br />
<br />
==Footnotes==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
*Biography, ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]''<br />
*Bloomfield, Jeffrey "The Rise and Fall of Basil Thomson, 1861&ndash;1939", Journal of the Police History Society, Volume 12 (1997), pp.&nbsp;11–19.<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{wikisource author-inline|Basil Home Thomson}}<br />
* {{Gutenberg author | id=25572| name=Basil Thomson}}<br />
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Basil Thomson}}<br />
*[https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp79005/sir-basil-home-thomson?search=sas&sText=basil+thomson&OConly=true Photographic portrait of Thomson in the National Portrait Gallery]<br />
<br />
{{S-start}}<br />
{{s-civ|pol}}<br />
{{Succession box| title=[[Assistant Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis|Assistant Commissioner "C", Metropolitan Police]] | years=1913–1921 | before=[[Melville Macnaghten|Sir Melville Macnaghten]] | after=[[Wyndham Childs|Sir Wyndham Childs]]}}<br />
{{S-end}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Thomson, Basil}}<br />
[[Category:1861 births]]<br />
[[Category:1939 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century British police officers]]<br />
[[Category:Assistant commissioners of police of the Metropolis]]<br />
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath]]<br />
[[Category:People educated at Eton College]]<br />
[[Category:Alumni of New College, Oxford]]<br />
[[Category:Hindu–German Conspiracy]]<br />
[[Category:British spies]]<br />
[[Category:People from Oxford]]<br />
[[Category:English barristers]]<br />
[[Category:Members of the Inner Temple]]<br />
[[Category:English crime fiction writers]]<br />
[[Category:English non-fiction writers]]<br />
[[Category:Colonial Administrative Service officers]]<br />
[[Category:British prison governors]]<br />
[[Category:Territory of Papua people]]<br />
[[Category:Colony of Fiji judges]]<br />
[[Category:Tongan judges]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seetha_(Malayalam_actress)&diff=471733Seetha (Malayalam actress)2026-02-11T07:15:02Z<p>KatherinSteger: fix references further and cleaned formatting for accuracy</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian actress}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Seetha<br />
| image= <br />
| occupation = [[Actor|Film actor]]<br />
| death_date = <br />
| parents = <br />
}}<br />
'''Seetha Anil''' is an Indian actress. She handled lead roles and supporting roles during the 1990s in [[Malayalam film|Malayalam]], [[Telugu film|Telugu]] and [[Tamil film|Tamil]] and later shifted her focus to television series.{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}} She hails from [[Tamil Nadu]]. She was also a famous child artist.<br />
<br />
==Partial filmography==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" class="wikitable"<br />
! Year<br />
! Film<br />
! Role<br />
! Language<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
|1984||[[Krishna Guruvayoorappa]]||Unni Namboothiri ||[[Malayalam]]<br />
| Child artist<br />
|-<br />
|1985<br />
|''Mugila Mallige''<br />
|<br />
|Kannada<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1991||[[Vigneshwar]]||Divya||Tamil<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|1991||Idhaya Oonjal||Chithra's friend||Tamil<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|1992||Samsarala Mechanic||Sita||Telugu<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|1992||Mondi Mogudu Penki Pellam ||Street girl||Telugu<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|1993 || [[Bhoomi Geetham]]||Ammukutti ||Malayalam <br />
| Lead heroine role <br />
|-<br />
|1993 ||[[Janam (1993 film)|Janam]]||Sreedevi || Malayalam<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1993|| [[Devasuram]]||Sarada || Malayalam<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|1993 ||[[Shudhamaddalam]]||Unnimaya ||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1994|| [[Kudumba Vishesham]]||Deepa || Malayalam<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1994|| [[Pingami]] ||Parvathi || Malayalam<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1994|| Bharya||Nithya ||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
|1994||[[Gandheevam]] || Seetha||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1994|| [[Varanamalyam]]||Soumya ||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1994|| [[Dadha]]||Sharada||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1994||[[Priyanka (1994 film)|Priyanka]]||Ganga|| Tamil<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1994||[[Thai Maaman]]||Aamani|| Tamil<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1995|| [[Nirnayam (1995 film)|Nirnayam]]||Dr.Parvathi||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1995|| [[Sargavasantham]]|| Sathi||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1995|| Maanam Thelinjappol|| Unknown||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1995||[[Jameen Kottai]]||Rajeswari & Vadivu|| Tamil<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1995||[[Thedi Vandha Raasa]]||Sumathi|| Tamil<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1995||[[Vajram (1995 film)|Vajram]]||Chella|| Telugu<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1995||[[Ravan Raaj: A True Story]]||Kidnapped lady|| Hindi<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1996|| Hitlist||Sheela ||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1996|| [[Hitler (1996 film)|Hitler]] ||Ambili ||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1996|| [[Family (1996 film)|Family]] ||Kamala ||Telugu <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1996||[[Poovarasan]]||Sundari|| Tamil <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1996||[[Maa Thalli Gangamma]]||Seetha|| Telugu <br />
| debut film as main lead<br />
|-<br />
| 1996||[[Meendum Savithri]]||Gayathri|| Tamil <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1996||[[Meendum Savithri|Neti Savithri]]||Gayatri|| Telugu<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1997|| [[Snehasindooram]]||Valsala||Malayalam<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1997||[[Varnapakittu]]||Sukanya||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 1997|| Snehadooth||Ammu ||Malayalam <br />
| Released in 2002 <br />
|-<br />
| 2002||Desam||Gayathri ||Malayalam <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 2007||[[Viyabari]]||Paandi's wife|| Tamil<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 2009||''[[Currency (film)|Currency]]''{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}} ||Subhadra|| Malayalam<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 2012||[[Karppooradeepam]] ||Sethulakshmi ||Malayalam <br />
| Filmed in 2000<br />Delayed release<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Television serials==<br />
{|class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
!Year!!Serial !! Channel!!Language!!Role<br />
|-<br />
|2000–2001||[[Chithi (TV series)|Chithi]]||rowspan="2"|[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||rowspan="3"|[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Kamini<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2000|| Galatta Sirippu ||Abhirami<br />
|-<br />
|Vishalam ||Rajshri Tamil||Vishalam<br />
|-<br />
|2000–2001||Oka Stree Katha||[[Gemini TV]]||[[Telugu (language)|Telugu]]||Sheela Mary<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2000–2002||En Peyar Ranganayaki||[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Kousalya<br />
|-<br />
|Sreeman Sreedevi||[[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]||[[Malayalam]]||<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="3"|2001||Oorarinda Rahasiyam ||rowspan="2"|[[DD Podhigai|Doordarshan]]||rowspan="5"|[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Saroja<br />
|-<br />
|Oru Pennin Kathai ||Sheela<br />
|-<br />
|Vazhkai||rowspan="3"|[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||Sarala <br />
|-<br />
|2001–2002||Take It Easy Vazhkai||Deepa<br />
|-<br />
|2001–2003||Nambikkai||Aruna<br />
|-<br />
|2003–2004||Janaki||[[Gemini TV]]||[[Telugu (language)|Telugu]]||Lakshmi<br />
|-<br />
|2004–2007||My Dear Bootham ||[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Kaveri<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2005||Swantham Malootty||[[Surya TV]]||[[Malayalam]]||<br />
|-<br />
|[[Aarthi (TV series)|Aarthi]]||[[Raj TV]]||rowspan="3"|[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Madhavi<br />
|-<br />
|2005–2007||Nimmathi||rowspan="2"|[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||Lakshmi<br />
|-<br />
|2006–2012||[[Kasthuri (TV series)|Kasthuri]]||Amrita<br />
|-<br />
|2006–2008||Kalyani||[[Surya TV]]||[[Malayalam]]||<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2007||Veppilaikkari||[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Manonmani<br />
|-<br />
|Mazhayariyathe||[[Surya TV]]||[[Malayalam]]||Devu<br />
|-<br />
|2008||[[Manikoondu]]||[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||rowspan="2"|[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Ranganayaki<br />
|-<br />
|2009-2011||Uravukku Kai Koduppom ||[[Kalaignar TV]]||Madhu<br />
|-<br />
|2018–2019||[[Azhagiya Tamil Magal]]||[[Zee Tamil]]||[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Saroja <br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2018||[[Makkal (TV series)|Makkal]]||[[Mazhavil Manorama]]||[[Malayalam]]||Babitha<br />
|-<br />
|Ninne Pelladatha||[[Zee Telugu]]||[[Telugu (language)|Telugu]]||<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2019–2021||[[Sathya (TV series)|Sathya]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Oru Oorula Oru Rajakumari and Sathya to go off-air soon |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/oru-oorula-oru-rajakumari-and-sathya-to-go-off-air-soon/articleshow/86890685.cms |access-date=30 July 2024 |work=Times of India |date=9 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009115220/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/oru-oorula-oru-rajakumari-and-sathya-to-go-off-air-soon/articleshow/86890685.cms |archive-date=9 October 2021}}</ref>||[[Zee Tamil]]||rowspan="2"|[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Janaki <br />
|-<br />
|[[Sundari Neeyum Sundaran Naanum (TV series)|Sundari Neeyum Sundaran Naanum]]||[[Star Vijay]]||Chithra<ref>{{cite news |title=TV show Sundari Neeyum Sundaran Naanum completes one year; Vinoth Babu thanks fans |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/tv-show-sundari-neeyum-sundaran-naanum-completes-one-year-vinoth-babu-thanks-fans/articleshow/77105553.cms |access-date=30 July 2024 |work=Times of India |date=22 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712020148/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/tv-show-sundari-neeyum-sundaran-naanum-completes-one-year-vinoth-babu-thanks-fans/articleshow/77105553.cms |archive-date=12 July 2021}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2021–2023||[[Oohalu Gusagusalade (TV series)|Oohalu Gusasalade]]||[[Zee Telugu]]||[[Telugu (language)|Telugu]]||Susheela<br />
|-<br />
|2021–2023||[[Rettai Roja]]||[[Zee Tamil]]||[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Seetha and Lakshmi <br />
|-<br />
|2022–2024||[[Saadhana|Sadhana]]||[[Gemini TV]]||[[Telugu (language)|Telugu]]||Kamakshi <br />
|-<br />
|2022||[[Kana Kaanum Kaalangal (2022 TV series)|Kana Kaanum Kaalangal]]{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}} ||[[Disney+ Hotstar|Disney+Hotstar]]||[[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]||Maariamma<br />
|-<br />
|2024–present||[[Karthika Deepam (Telugu TV series)|Karthika Deepam 2]]||[[Star Maa]]||[[Telugu language|Telugu]]||<br />
|-<br />
|2024–2025||Sneham Kosam||[[Gemini TV]]||[[Telugu language|Telugu]]||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==TV shows==<br />
* ''[[Flowers Oru Kodi]]'' - Participant - Malayalam Show<br />
* ''[[Naduvula Konjam Disturb Pannuvom]]'' - Participant - Tamil Show<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{IMDb name|1440411}}<br />
* [http://en.msidb.org/displayProfile.php?category=actors&artist=Sita Seetha at MSI] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044222/http://en.msidb.org/displayProfile.php?category=actors&artist=Sita |date=8 August 2014 }}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Seetha}}<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses from Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian actresses]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam television]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil television]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu television]]<br />
[[Category:Child actresses in Malayalam cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Child actresses in Tamil cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Child actresses in Kannada cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Child actresses in Telugu cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hemant_Shesh&diff=448251Hemant Shesh2026-02-07T22:49:57Z<p>KatherinSteger: Content refreshed with new edits</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Multiple issues|<br />
{{autobiography|date=April 2019}}<br />
{{Notability|Biographies|date=September 2011}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}<br />
{{Use British English|date=April 2012}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Hemant Shesh<br />
| image = Hemant Shesh 5.jpg<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_name = <br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1952|12|28|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Jaipur]], [[Rajasthan]], [[India]]<br />
| death_date = <br />
| death_place = <br />
| other_names = <br />
| known_for = Published 27 books of own work<br />
| occupation = Writer, Poet, painter, photographer and Ex-senior Civil Servant<br />
}}<br />
'''Hemant Shesh''' (born 28 December 1952&lt;ref name="Jagran"&gt;{{cite news|url=http://in.jagran.yahoo.com/sahitya/?page=article&amp;articleid=2403&amp;category=7|title=हेमंत शेष को बिरला फाउंडेशन के बिहारी पुरस्कार |work=[[Dainik Jagran]]|publisher=Jagran Prakashan Ltd|language=Hindi|accessdate=8 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;) is an Indian [[Hindi]] writer, poet and civil servant.&lt;ref name="Bhaskar" /&gt;<br />
<br />
== Biography ==<br />
Hemant Shesh completed his post graduate education in Sociology from the [[University of Rajasthan]] in [[Jaipur]] in 1977. He then joined the [[Rajasthan Administrative Service]] in the same year.&lt;ref name="Jagran" /&gt; He has worked on many senior positions in the Government including Secretary to His Excellency the Governor of Rajasthan, Secretary Rajasthan Public Service Commission, Secretary, Rajasthan Information Commission, and also as [[District collector|District collector and magistrate]] in [[Pratapgarh district (Rajasthan)|Pratapgarh district]] of [[Rajasthan]] state. Hemant Shesh has retired from the [[Indian Administrative Service]] as [[wikt:registrar|Registrar]] for the Board of revenue in [[Ajmer]], Rajasthan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://dop.rajasthan.gov.in/civillist/servicehistory_namewise.asp?code=R77DR17 |title=Department of Personnel, Government of Rajasthan, Jaipur |access-date=1 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331135727/http://dop.rajasthan.gov.in/civillist/servicehistory_namewise.asp?code=R77DR17 |archive-date=31 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br />
<br />
== Writings and publications ==<br />
He has published over 48 books, including 27 of his own writings.&lt;ref name="Bhaskar"&gt;{{cite news|url=http://bollywood.bhaskar.com/article/bihari-award.html |title=हेमंत शेष को 2009 का बिहारी पुरस्कार |date=1 April 2010 |work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]] |publisher=D B Corp Ltd |language=Hindi |accessdate=8 September 2011 |url-status = dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320155043/http://bollywood.bhaskar.com/article/bihari-award.html |archivedate=20 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name="dunia"&gt;{{cite news|url=http://hindi.webdunia.com/miscellaneous/aaina2010/retrospective/1012/23/1101223036_4.htm|title=डॉ. घासीराम वर्मा साहित्य पुरस्कार |work=[[Naiduniya]]|language=Hindi|accessdate=8 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was the founder-editor of ''[[Kala-Prayojan]]'', a quarterly literary magazine.&lt;ref name="HT"&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Bihari-Puraskar-for-poet-Shesh/Article1-525628.aspx |title=Bihari Puraskar for poet Shesh |date=27 November 2010 |work=Hindustan Times |publisher=HT Media Ltd |accessdate=8 September 2011 |url-status = dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101231165324/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Bihari-Puraskar-for-poet-Shesh/Article1-525628.aspx |archivedate=31 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Among his published work are more than thirteen poetry collections.{{sfn|The Hindu|p=1|2010}}<br />
<br />
=== Books published ===<br />
*''Jaari Itihaas Ke Viruddha'' (poem), 1974<br />
*''Beswaad Hawayen'' (monograph), 1981<br />
*''Kripal Singh Shekhawat'' (monograph), 1981<br />
*''Ghar-Baahar'' (poetry collection), 1982<br />
*''Neend men Mohenjodaro'' (poetry collection), 1988<br />
*''Vrikshon Ke Swapna'' (poetry collection), 1988<br />
*''Ashuddha Saarang'' (poetry collection), 1991<br />
*''Kasht Ke Liye Kshamaa'' (poetry collection), 1995<br />
*''Kripayaa anyathaa Na Len'' (poem), 1999<br />
*''Aap Ko yah Jaan Kar Prasanntaa Hogee'' (poetry collection), 2001<br />
*''Jagah Jaasee Jagah'' (poetry collection), 2006<br />
*''Bahut Kuchh Jaisaa Kuchh Naheen'' (poetry collection), 2007<br />
*''Prapanch-Saar-Subodhnee'' (poetry collection), 2009<br />
*''Khed-Yog-Pradeep'' (poetry collection), 2012<br />
*''Raat Ka pahaad'' (short story collection), 2012<br />
*''Pyashchitta Praveshika'' (poetry collection), 2018<br />
*''Afsos Darpan'' (poetry collection), 2019<br />
*''Bhulne Kaa Vipaksh'' (memoirs), 2019<br />
*''Chaar Sharanaame'' (history), 2019<br />
*''Iti Jaisa Shabd'' (poetry collection), 2019<br />
*'' Na Hone Jisaa Honaa'' (poetry collection), 2019<br />
*'' Gadya Ke Rang'' (prose collection), 2021<br />
*''Gadya Ka DeshKaal'' (literary criticism), 2022<br />
*''Kasht-Kalpdrum'' (poem), 2024<br />
*''Yaad kii Aawaaz Mein'' (memoirs), 2024<br />
*''Gadya Kii Gali'' (Prose), 2024<br />
*'' Gadya kii Barahkhadii'' (Prose), 2025<br />
<br />
== Awards ==<br />
He was awarded the [[K. K. Birla Foundation]]'s Bihari Puraskar, a national award for the year 2009 for his collection of poetry titled ''Jagah Jaisi Jagah''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Bihari Puraskar for Shesh|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/bihari-puraskar-for-shesh/article920897.ece |accessdate=1 September 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=29 November 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[List of Indian writers]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Commons category|Hemant Shesh}}<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{citation|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Poet-Hemant-Shesh-gets-Bihari-Puraskar-2009/Article1-631814.aspx |title=Poet Hemant Shesh gets Bihari Puraskar 2009 |last=Hindustan Times |work=Hindustan Times |date=27 November 2010 |accessdate=6 September 2011 |url-status = dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111104174351/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Poet-Hemant-Shesh-gets-Bihari-Puraskar-2009/Article1-631814.aspx |archivedate=4 November 2011}}<br />
* {{citation|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/article2249084.ece?css=print|title=Honour for Hindi writer|work=The Hindu |date=19 July 2011 |accessdate=6 September 2011}}<br />
* {{citation |ref={{harvid|The Hindu|2010}} |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/article920897.ece?css=print|title=Bihari Puraskar for Shesh|work=The Hindu |date=29 November 2010 |accessdate=6 September 2011}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{portal bar|Biography|India|Literature|Poetry}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shesh, Hemant}}<br />
[[Category:Indian civil servants]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language poets]]<br />
[[Category:1952 births]]<br />
[[Category:University of Rajasthan alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Poets from Rajasthan]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Jaipur]]<br />
[[Category:Rajasthani people]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salem_Steel_Plant&diff=464223Salem Steel Plant2026-01-22T18:22:08Z<p>KatherinSteger: correct page to improve readability</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Steel plant in Tamil Nadu, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox company<br />
| name = Salem Steel Plant<br />
| logo = <br />
| image = A photo of Salem Steel Plant entrance.JPG<br />
| image_caption = Entrance of the plant<br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| industry = Steel<br />
| foundation = {{Start date and age|13 September 1981}}<br />
| founder = <br />
| location = [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India<br />
| key_people = <br />
| products = {{ubl|Hot-rolled stainless steel|Cold-rolled stainless steel}}<br />
| revenue = <br />
| operating_income = <br />
| net_income = <br />
| assets = <br />
| owner = [[Steel Authority of India|SAIL]]<br />
| num_employees = 1,357<br />
| homepage = [https://sail.co.in/special-steel-plants/salem-steel-plant Official website]<br />
}}<br />
'''Salem Steel Plant (SSP)''', a unit of [[Steel Authority of India|Steel Authority of India Limited]] (SAIL), is a [[Steel mill|steel plant]] involved in the production of [[stainless steel]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Salem Steel Plant {{!}} SAIL|url=https://sail.co.in/special-steel-plants/salem-steel-plant|website=sail.co.in|access-date=2020-05-30|archive-date=28 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928013105/https://sail.co.in/special-steel-plants/salem-steel-plant|url-status=dead}}</ref> It is located along the Salem — Bangalore [[National Highway 44 (India)|National Highway 44]] in the foothills of [[Kanjamalai]] in [[Salem district]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=PROFILE OF SALEM STEEL PLANT (SSP)|url=https://sg.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/23165/7/07_chapter%202.pdf|website=sg.inflibnet.ac.in|access-date=30 May 2020}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=M|first=Prakash|last2=M|first2=Manickam|year=2014|title=A Salem Steel plant an Overview|url=https://theinternationaljournal.org/ojs/index.php?journal=rjcbs&page=article&op=download&path%5B%5D=2803&path%5B%5D=pdf|journal=Research Journal of Commerce and Behavioural Science|publisher=The International Journal Research Publications|volume=3|pages=8|issn=2251-1547}}</ref> The plant, not only has an installed capacity of 70,000 tonnes per annum in its cold rolling mill and 3,64,000 tonnes per annum in the hot rolling mill.,<ref name=":0" /> but it also has the country's first stainless steel blanking facility.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|last=Dutta|first=Indrani|date=2010-07-12|title=Salem Steel's expansion set to be completed by September|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/business/Salem-Steels-expansion-set-to-be-completed-by-September/article16194342.ece|access-date=2020-05-30|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
On 15 May 1972, the Government of India decided to set up a steel plant at Salem for the production of steel and strips of electrical, stainless and other special and mild steel. The construction started on 13 June 1972, after inauguration by then Minister of Steel and Mines [[Mohan Kumara Mangalam]].<ref name=":1" /> The cost of first phase of the project was {{INRConvert|181.19|c|lk=yes}}.<ref name=":1" /> It brought the latest technology in cold rolling to India at the time. The initial production capacity was 32,000 tones per annum (cold rolled stainless steel strips and wide sheets).<ref name=":2" /><br />
<br />
Later on 26 March 1991, the second phase at a cost of {{INRConvert|76.27|c}} was realized, increasing production capacity to 70,000 tones per annum.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> On 24 December 1993, a blanking line was commissioned with a capacity of 3600 tones [[Bar stock blanks]] per annum.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> This was the first such facility to be established in India.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
<br />
=== Production facilities ===<br />
The major facilities at the plant include<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
* Steel Melting Shop<br />
* Cold Rolling Mill Complex<br />
* Hot Rolling Mill Complex<br />
* Stainless Steel Blanking Line<br />
<br />
SSP specializes in the production of [[Cold-formed steel|cold rolled stainless steel]] in the form of coils and sheets.<ref name=":2" /> The raw materials are imported and also supplied by [[Durgapur Steel Plant|Alloy Steel Plant]] in [[Durgapur]].<ref name=":1" /> The steel melting shop's annual capacity is 1,80,000 tonnes of slabs per annum. The hot-rolling mill and cold-rolling mill have capacities of 3,64,000 and 66,600 tonnes per annum respectively.<ref name=":0" /><br />
<br />
SSP supplies steel to [[Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited|BHEL]]-[[Tiruchirappalli|Tiruchirapalli]], [[HMT (company)|HMT]], [[Bharat Electronics Limited]]-[[Bangalore]] and [[Indian Telephone Industries Limited|Indian Telephone Industries]].<ref name=":1" /> Stainless steel is also exported to over more than 37 countries including Spain, UK, Japan, Germany and Switzerland.<ref name=":2" /> Between 1994 and 1995, around 41,500 tonnes to as many as 27 countries.<ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
== Achievements ==<br />
The units of cold rolling mill complex was ISO 9002 certified in April 1993. The hot rolling mill complex received certification two years later. It received ISO 14001 certification, for its pollution free environment, from German RWTÜV in 1999.<ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
=== Awards ===<br />
<br />
* SAIL Corporate Award 1994-95{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}<br />
* Annual Safety Awards at Visakhapatnam – Ispat Suraksha Puraskar award<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Awards & Accolades in 2007-08|url=https://sail.co.in/sites/default/files/sail-pages/company/award2007-08.pdf|website=sail.co.in|access-date=30 May 2020|archive-date=3 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703081643/http://sail.co.in/sites/default/files/sail-pages/company/award2007-08.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
* Ferrous Division of Indian Institute of Metals – National Sustainability Award 2007<ref name=":4" /><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Steel industry of India}}<br />
{{Public Sector Undertakings in India}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Economy of Salem, Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:Steel Authority of India]]<br />
[[Category:Steel plants of India]]<br />
[[Category:Salem, Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:Economy of Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:1981 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prajin&diff=526284Prajin2026-01-20T14:26:34Z<p>KatherinSteger: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian actor}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2016}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Prajin<br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_name = Prajin Padmanabhan<br />
| birth_date = <!-- must cite published reliable source(s) to verify --><br />
| birth_place = <!-- must cite published reliable source to verify --><br />
| othername = <br />
| years active = 2003–present<br />
| spouse = [[Sandra Amy]]<br />
| children = 2(Twin)<ref name="toi.2021.04.01">{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/heres-how-prajin-padmanabhan-and-sandra-amy-celebrated-the-second-birthday-of-twins-mithra-and-rudhra-see-first-pics/articleshow/81843202.cms |title=Amy celebrated the second birthday of twins Mithra and Rudhr; see first pics |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=1 April 2021 |accessdate=21 February 2024}}</ref><br />
| website = <br />
| occupation = Actor<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Prajin Padmanabhan'''<ref name="toi.2021.04.01"/> is born in [[Kozhikode]], [[Kerala]] who works predominantly in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Malayalam]]-language films. He started his career as a [[VJ (media personality)|VJ]] with [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]. He played the protagonist in the film ''[[Pazhaya Vannarapettai (film)|Pazhaya Vannarapettai]]''.<br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
<br />
Prajin started his career in films with ''[[Dishyum]]'' followed by Saboothiri. He had the lead role in ''[[Manal Nagaram]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cinema.maalaimalar.com/2015/02/27122025/Manal-Nagaram-Movie-Review.html|publisher=[[Maalai Malar]]|title=மணல் நகரம் (2015)- விமர்சனம்|date=2015-01-27|accessdate=2016-06-23|archive-date=17 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117034657/http://cinema.maalaimalar.com/2015/02/27122025/Manal-Nagaram-Movie-Review.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Shankars-Impressive-Tamil-Debut/2015/02/28/article2690185.ece|title=Shankar's Impressive Tamil Debut-Manal Naharam|publisher=newindianexpress|date=2015-01-28|accessdate=2015-06-23|archive-date=10 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610154911/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Shankars-Impressive-Tamil-Debut/2015/02/28/article2690185.ece|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://epaper.deccanchronicle.com/articledetailpage.aspx?id=2249414|title=Actor Shankar takes new avatar|publisher=deccanchronicle|date=2015-02-02|accessdate=2016-06-23|df=dmy-all}}{{dead link|date=June 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> a Tamil-Malayalam bilingual film set in [[United Arab Emirates|UAE.]] directed by [[Shankar (actor)|Shankar Panicker]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Manal Nagaram: Dreams in Danger|url=http://djmassociates.net|publisher=djmassociates.net|accessdate=2012-02-28|date=27 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120524012738/http://www.djmassociates.net/|archive-date=24 May 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> He was described as the most desirable man on television in the year 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/prajin-is-tamil-tvs-most-desirable-man/articleshow/64064571.cms|title=Prajin is Tamil TV's Most Desirable Man|publisher=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|access-date=2018-05-08|language=en|archive-date=16 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216033655/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/prajin-is-tamil-tvs-most-desirable-man/articleshow/64064571.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Filmography==<br />
===Films===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ List of Prajin film credits<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" | Year<br />
! scope="col" | Title<br />
! scope="col" | Role<br />
! scope="col" | Language<br />
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 2006 || ''[[Dishyum]]'' || || rowspan="3" | Tamil ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2009 || ''[[Muthirai]]'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Saa Boo Thiri]]'' || Keerthi ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2010 || ''[[The Thriller]]'' || Simon Joseph Palathungal || rowspan="2" | Malayalam ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Tournament – Play & Replay|Tournament]]'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2012 || ''[[Thee Kulikkum Pachai Maram]]'' || Pandi || rowspan="5" | Tamil ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2014 || ''[[Sutrula]]'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2015 || ''[[Manal Naharam|Manal Nagaram]]'' || Manzoor ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2016 || ''[[Pazhaya Vannarapettai (film)|Pazhaya Vannarapettai]]''|| Karthik ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2018 || ''[[Aan Devathai]]''|| James ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2019 || ''[[Love Action Drama]]'' || Ravi || Malayalam ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2023 || ''[[D3 (film)|D3]]'' || Vikram || rowspan="8" | Tamil ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Akku (2023 film)|Akku]]'' || Harish ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2024 ||''[[Ninaivellam Neeyada]]'' || Goutham ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Padikada Pakkangal]]'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''Sevakar'' || ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2025 || ''Tharaipadai'' || || <br />
|-<br />
| ''Kayilan'' || || <br />
|-<br />
| ''Paruthi'' || || <br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Television===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ List of Prajin television credits<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" | Year<br />
! scope="col" | Title<br />
! scope="col" | Role<br />
! scope="col" | Channel<br />
! scope="col" | Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 2006 || [[Penn (2006 TV series)|''Penn'']] || Kailash || rowspan="2" | [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]] ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2006–2008|| [[Anjali (2006 TV series)|''Anjali'']] || Ashok Chakravarthi ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2007–2008 || [[Kadhalikka Neramillai (TV series)|''Kadhalikka Neramillai'']] || Sakthi || rowspan="2" | [[STAR Vijay]] ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2008 || [[Jodi No.1 (TV series)|''Jodi Number One Season 3'']] || Contestant ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2008–2009|| [[Gokulathil Seethai (2008 TV series)|''Gokulathil Seethai'']] || || [[Kalaignar TV|Kalaignar]] ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2017–2019|| [[Chinna Thambi (TV series)|''Chinna Thambi'']] || Chinna Thambi || rowspan="3" | [[STAR Vijay]] ||<br />
|- <br />
| 2020–2021|| [[Anbudan Kushi (TV series)|''Anbudan Kushi'']] || Anbu ||<br />
|-<br />
| 2021–2022|| ''[[Vaidhegi Kaathirundhaal]]'' || Vijay ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2024 || ''[[Veera (Tamil TV series)|Veera]]'' || Raja (Extended Special Appearance) || [[Zee Tamil|Zee Thamizh]] ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Kannedhirey Thondrinal (TV series)|Kannedhirey Thondrinal]]'' || Vikram (Special Appearance) || [[Kalaignar TV]] ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|2025 || ''[[Getti Melam]]''||Srikanth (Special Appearance) || [[Zee Tamil|Zee Thamizh]] ||<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Bigg Boss (Tamil TV series) season 9|Bigg Boss (Tamil) season 9]]''<br />
|Contestant<br />
|[[Star Vijay]]<br />
|Wildcard entrant, evicted on day 63<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb name|4270743|Prajin}}<br />
*{{Instagram|id=Prajinpadmanabhan}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Prajin}}<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male television actors]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Male actors from Kozhikode]]<br />
[[Category:Male actors in Malayalam cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil male television actors]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jama_Masjid,_Hyderabad&diff=505442Jama Masjid, Hyderabad2026-01-19T00:25:00Z<p>KatherinSteger: created new stub.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Mosque in Hyderabad, Telangana, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2025}}<br />
{{for|similarly named mosques|List of grand mosques}}<br />
{{Infobox religious building<br />
| name = Jama Masjid<br />
| image = Juma Masjid, Hyderabad.png<br />
| image_upright = 1.4<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = The mosque in {{circa|1898}}<br />
| religious_affiliation = [[Islam]]<br />
| organisational_status = [[Congregational mosque|Friday mosque]]<br />
| functional_status = Active<br />
| location = [[Hyderabad]], [[Hyderabad district, India|Hyderabad District]], [[Telangana]]<br />
| country = [[India]]<br />
| map_type = India Hyderabad<br />
| map_size = 250<br />
| map_alt = <br />
| map_relief = 1<br />
| map_caption = Location of the mosque in [[Hyderabad]]<br />
| coordinates = {{Coord|region:IN-TE_type:landmark|format=dms|display=title,inline}}<br />
| architecture_type = {{nowrap|[[Mosque architecture]]}}<br />
| architecture_style = {{ubl|[[Qutb Shahi architecture|Qutb Shahi]]|[[Mughal architecture|Mughal]]}}<br />
| year_completed = {{AH|1006|link=yes}}<br />
| construction_cost = {{INR}}200,000<br />
| capacity = 750 worshippers<br />
| dome_quantity = <br />
| minaret_quantity = Two<br />
| inscriptions = Two {{small|{{ubl|{{endash}}Entrance: [[Nastaliq]] script|{{nowrap|{{endash}}Western wall: [[Thuluth|Thuluth script]]}}}}}}<br />
}}<br />
The '''Jama Masjid''' is a [[Congregational mosque|Friday mosque]] located in [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]], in the [[Hyderabad district, India|Hyderabad district]] of the state of [[Telangana]], India. It is situated to the northeast of the [[Charminar]] at a short distance, approached by a narrow lane. It was built in 1597–98, around the same time as the founding of Hyderabad, and was one of the first mosques to be built in the city.<ref name=":1">{{cite book |last1=Khalidi |first1=Omar |url=https://libraries.mit.edu/img/libs/rotch/HyderabadGuide_2009.pdf |title=A Guide to Architecture in Hyderabad, Deccan, India |year=2009 |ref={{sfnref|Khalidi, 2009}} |author-link=Omar Khalidi |access-date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200313131458/https://libraries.mit.edu/img/libs/rotch/HyderabadGuide_2009.pdf |archive-date=13 March 2020 |pages=40 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Campbell |first=A. C. |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.venugopal.416/page/n161/mode/2up |title=Glimpses of the Nizams Dominions |date=1898 |pages=168–169 |language=English }}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Haig |first=Thomas Wolseley |author-link=Wolseley Haig |url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Historic_Landmarks_of_the_Deccan/Chapter_12 |title=Historic Landmarks of the Deccan |pages=210, 215–216 |chapter=The Capital of the Deccan. Haidarabad |chapter-url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Historic_Landmarks_of_the_Deccan/Chapter_12 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=4 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104152325/https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Historic_Landmarks_of_the_Deccan/Chapter_12 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
The mosque is located within a courtyard, which also contains a ''[[hammam]]'' and a cistern. Its [[façade]] contains seven arched entrances leading into the prayer-hall, and is flanked by two [[Minaret|minarets]]. The inscriptions located on the exterior and within the interior of the mosque are considered to be of high artistic merit. It can accommodate approximately 750 worshippers.{{sfn|Sherwani|1967|pp=28-29}}<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
The city of Hyderabad was established in the late 16th century by [[Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah]], the fifth sultan of the [[Sultanate of Golconda|Golconda Sultanate]]. The Jama Masjid was built in 1597–98, and was the first mosque to be built in Hyderabad after the mosque on the first floor of the [[Charminar]].{{sfn|Sherwani|1967|pp=14, 28-29}}<br />
<br />
The mosque was constructed at a cost of 200,000 [[Rupee|rupees]].<ref name=":0" /> It was intended to be the congregational mosque of the new city. It served this purpose in the initial period after the city's founding, when its population was small. Later, the much larger [[Makkah Masjid, Hyderabad|Mecca Masjid]] was built to accommodate the city's growing population, but the Jama Masjid remained the principal congregational mosque. [[Wolseley Haig]] noted that it was a common misconception among visitors that the "huge" Mecca Masjid, rather than the "far less pretentious" Jama Masjid, was the congregational mosque.<ref name=":5" /> A school and a monastery were attached to the mosque.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Bilgrami |first=Syed Ali Asgar |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.63136/page/n49/mode/2up |title=Landmarks Of The Deccan |publisher=Government Central Press |year=1927 |location=Hyderabad-Deccan |pages=26–29 }}</ref> The building underwent heavy restorations in the 19th century, during the rule of [[Sikander Jah, Asaf Jah III|Asaf Jah III]], and some scholars speculate that the [[Multifoil arch|cusped]] arches on the façade were added during this period.<ref name=":5" />{{sfn|Sherwani|1967|pp=28-29}}<br />
<br />
== Architecture ==<br />
[[File:Minarets_and_parapet_of_the_Jama_Masjid,_Hyderabad.jpg|thumb|Minarets and [[parapet]] of the mosque]]<br />
[[File:Aerial view of Jama Masjid, Hyderabad.png|thumb|Aerial view of the mosque.]]The mosque is an important example of early [[Qutb Shahi architecture]], and displays [[Mughal architecture|Mughal]] influences in its design.{{sfn|Sherwani|1967|pp=17}} Situated to the northeast of the [[Charminar]], it is surrounded by haphazardly constructed shops which encroach upon the mosque.<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 September 2017 |title=Hyderabad's first Jama Masjid remains consigned to oblivion |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/hyderabads-first-jama-masjid-remains-consigned-to-oblivion/articleshow/60445844.cms |access-date=23 July 2023 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=23 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723074043/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/hyderabads-first-jama-masjid-remains-consigned-to-oblivion/articleshow/60445844.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Yazdani |first=Ghulam |author-link=Ghulam Yazdani |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.90887/page/n71/mode/2up |title=Epigraphia Indo-Moslemica, 1917-18 |date=1921 |publisher=Superintendent Government Printing, India |location=Calcutta |pages=43–45 }}</ref> It is accessible through a portal of the [[Column|pillar]]-and-[[lintel]] form, consisting of an entrance arch, upon which a [[Multifoil arch|cusped]] arch is superimposed. The portal leads to a narrow lane, from which one approaches the side of the mosque from the west, and this is an unusual feature of the mosque.<ref name=":3" /> The mosque stands at the western end of a paved rectangular courtyard, which measures approximately {{convert|74|by|70|ft|m|order=flip}}. The courtyard contains a [[cistern]] at its north-eastern end, as well as a ''[[hammam]]'', which is now in ruins. A narrow [[colonnade]] runs along the northern side of the courtyard. It is built in the pillar-and-lintel form, and consists of nine openings.<ref name=":2" /><br />
<br />
The façade features seven arches, each composed of two sections. The lower section of each arch is an arched entrance. The upper section is superimposed upon this entrance, approximately {{convert|3|ft|m|order=flip}} higher, and rests on struts that project from the [[Pier (architecture)|piers]]. The central arch is wider and taller than the others, almost reaching the top of the facade, and its upper section consists of a [[Pointed arch|pointed]] arch. In contrast, the upper sections of the remaining six arches are cusped, similar to the entrance portal. A stone [[Chhajja|''chajja'']] resting upon [[Bracket (architecture)|brackets]] runs above the arches. Finally, an ornamental [[parapet]] rises above the façade.{{sfn|Sherwani|1967|pp=28-29}}<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last= |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.153598/page/n307/mode/2up |title=History Of Medieval Deccan |date=1974 |editor-last=Sherwani |editor-first=Haroon Khan |editor-link=Haroon Khan Sherwani |pages=299 |editor-last2=Joshi |editor-first2=P. M. }}</ref><br />
<br />
Each front corner has circular [[Buttress|buttresses]], upon which the front minarets are placed. The minarets are square, each topped with a small tomb-like structure. Their design, featuring galleried circular tops, marks an important step in the development of the Qutb Shahi minaret.<ref name=":3" /> The short height of the minarets was perhaps deliberate, in order to emphasize the loftiness of the nearby [[Char Kaman]] and Charminar.{{sfn|Sherwani|1967|pp=29}}<br />
<br />
The interior consists of a double hall, measuring {{convert|72|ft|6|in|m|order=flip}} long and {{convert|32|ft|6|in|m|order=flip}} wide.<ref name=":2" /> The flat roof of the prayer-hall is supported by a row of arches resting upon pillars.<ref name=":3" /> The mosque can accommodate approximately 750 worshippers.{{sfn|Sherwani|1967|pp=28-29}}<br />
<br />
=== Inscriptions ===<br />
A [[Persian language|Persian]] inscription in the [[Nastaliq]] script is carved, in three lines, onto a black [[basalt]] tablet above the main entrance. It contains verses praising [[Allah]], and notes that the mosque was constructed under the supervision of a nobleman named ''Amin-ul-Mulk''. It contains a [[chronogram]], dating the mosque to {{AH|1006|link=yes}}. This inscription is considered to be of very high calligraphical merit, and is praised by scholars including [[Haroon Khan Sherwani|H. K. Sherwani]] and [[Ghulam Yazdani]], the latter of whom calls it "finest example of the Nastaliq script in the Deccan", and says that it may compare favorably with the best calligraphic specimens of other countries.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><br />
<br />
The second inscription is located in the western wall of the prayer hall, running along the sides of the ''[[mihrab]]'', and above it. It contains the verses 137 and 138 of the [[Al-Baqara|second chapter]] of the [[Quran]], inscribed in the [[Thuluth|Thuluth script]], along with the name of the artist and the year of inscription.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
{{stack|{{portal|Islam|Hyderabad}}}}<br />
* [[Islam in India]]<br />
* [[List of mosques in Telangana]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
===Bibliography===<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Sherwani |first=Haroon Khan |author-link=Haroon Khan Sherwani |url=https://ia601506.us.archive.org/25/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.56608/2015.56608.Muhammad-quli-Qutb-Shah-Founder-Of-Hydarabad_text.pdf |title=Muhammad-Quli Qutb Shah, Founder of Haidarabad |publisher=Asia Publishing House |year=1967 |pages=14, 17, 28-29 }}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
{{commons cat-inline|Jama Masjid, Hyderabad}}<br />
<br />
{{Mosques in India}}<br />
{{Qutb Shahi monuments}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:16th-century mosques in India]]<br />
[[Category:Grand mosques|Hyderabad, India]]<br />
[[Category:Mosque buildings with minarets in India]]<br />
[[Category:Mosques completed in the 1590s]]<br />
[[Category:Mosques in Hyderabad, India]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Qutb Shahi architecture]]<br />
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1598]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aanchal_Khurana&diff=484027Aanchal Khurana2025-12-15T05:13:13Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created Stub</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian television actress}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Aanchal Khurana<br />
| image =<br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_date =<br />
| occupation = [[Actress]]<br />
| years_active = 2011–present<br />
| height = <br />
| known_for = ''[[Sapne Suhane Ladakpan Ke]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Aanchal Khurana''' is an Indian television actress. She is the winner of ''[[MTV Roadies (season 8)]]'', and has worked in ''[[Sapne Suhane Ladakpan Ke]]''.<ref name=TOI>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Aanchal-Khurana-of-Roadies-fame-in-Sapne-Suhane/articleshow/14059165.cms|title=Aanchal Khurana of Roadies fame in Sapne Suhane|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=12 June 2012|access-date=9 July 2015}}</ref> She also appeared in episodes of ''[[Arjun (TV series)|Arjun]]'', ''[[Savdhaan India]]'', ''[[Aahat (Indian TV series)|Aahat]]'' and ''[[C.I.D. (Indian TV series)|C.I.D.]]''.<br />
<br />
==Early life==<br />
Aanchal Khurana hails from Delhi.<ref name=TOI/><br />
<br />
==Filmography==<br />
===Television===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Year <br />
! Title <br />
! Role<br />
! Notes<br />
! Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| 2011 <br />
| ''[[MTV Roadies|MTV Roadies 8]]'' <br />
| Contestant <br />
|Winner<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2012–2014<br />
| ''[[Sapne Suhane Ladakpan Ke]]'' <br />
| Charu Garg <br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2013 <br />
| ''[[Arjun (TV series)|Arjun]]'' <br />
| Namita<br />
| Episode 86<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2014 <br />
| rowspan="6"|''[[Savdhaan India]]'' <br />
| Priya <br />
| Episode 742<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="8"|2015 <br />
|Supriya <br />
|Episode 1052<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Rashi Prashant Pandey<br />
| Episode 1254<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Pragya <br />
| Episode 1319<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Meenu <br />
| Episode 1336<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Gayatri Anmol Shah <br />
|Episode 1118<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Emotional Atyachar|Emotional Atyachar 5]]'' <br />
| Krutika <br />
| Episode 11<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Aahat (Indian TV series)|Aahat]]'' <br />
| Neha/ Chutki <br />
| Episode 69<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[C.I.D. (Indian TV series)|C.I.D.]]'' <br />
| Monica / Sonali <br />
| Episode 1256<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2015–2016 <br />
| ''[[Sarojini - Ek Nayi Pehal]]'' <br />
| Maneesha "Mannu"<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"|2016 <br />
| rowspan="2|''[[Savdhaan India]]'' <br />
| Kiran <br />
| Episode 1506<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Sanika <br />
| Episode 1619<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Meri Saasu Maa]]''<br />
|Roopmati<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Maheshwari |first1=Neha |title=Aanchal to enter Meri Saasu Maa a la Deepika Padukone |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Aanchal-to-enter-Meri-Saasu-Maa-a-la-Deepika-Padukone/articleshow/52052926.cms |access-date=2 June 2023 |work=The Times of India |date=30 April 2016}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2016–2017 <br />
| ''[[Santoshi Maa (TV series)|Santoshi Maa]]'' <br />
| Bubbly Tiwari <br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2017 <br />
| ''[[Zindagi Ki Mehek]]''<br />
| Anjali Ahlawat<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2018 <br />
| ''[[Tu Sooraj, Main Saanjh Piyaji]]'' <br />
| Madhavi Goenka<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|2019 <br />
| ''[[Roop - Mard Ka Naya Swaroop]]'' <br />
| Himani Singh Vaghela Suryavanshi <br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Vikram Betaal Ki Rahasya Gatha]]'' <br />
| Sugandha <br />
|Cameo appearance<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2020<br />
|''[[Mujhse Shaadi Karoge]]''<br />
|Contestant<br />
|Winner<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2021–2023<br />
| ''[[Bade Achhe Lagte Hain 2]]''<br />
| Brinda Aditya Shekhawat<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2025-present<br />
|''[[Tu Juliet Jatt Di]]''<br />
|Richa Brar<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Web series===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Year <br />
! Title <br />
! Role<br />
! Notes<br />
! Ref.<br />
|-<br />
|2021<br />
|''[[Crashh]]''<br />
|Madhurima Mehra<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Year<br />
! Award<br />
! Category<br />
! Work<br />
! Result<br />
! Ref.<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2013<br />
|[[Indian Telly Awards]]<br />
|[[Indian Telly Award for Best Actress in a Negative Role|Best Actress in a Negative Role]]<br />
|rowspan="2"|''[[Sapne Suhane Ladakpan Ke]]''<br />
|{{won}}<br />
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Telly awards 2013 Popular Awards winners |url=http://tellyawards.indiantelevision.com/y2k13/poll/winners.php#PO4 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425010425/http://tellyawards.indiantelevision.com/y2k13/poll/winners.php |archivedate=25 April 2015|work=tellyawards.indiantelevision}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|[[Gold Awards]]<br />
|[[Gold Award for Best Actress in a Negative Role|Best Actress in a Negative Role]]<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|{{Citation needed|date=July 2022}}<br />
|-<br />
|2022<br />
|[[Gold Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role|Best Actress in a Supporting Role]]<br />
|''[[Bade Achhe Lagte Hain 2]]''<br />
|{{Won}}<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goldawards.in/|access-date=23 July 2022|work=Gold Awards|title=14th Boroplus Gold Awards, 2022: Check Out The List Of Nominees|archive-date=13 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220713002551/https://www.goldawards.in/|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Indian Telly Award Best Negative Actress}}<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Khurana, Aanchal}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses from Delhi]]<br />
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Indian web series actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi television]]<br />
[[Category:MTV Roadies contestants]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Poongani&diff=525960Poongani2025-11-13T01:44:01Z<p>KatherinSteger: created article</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Tamil Villu Paatu story teller/musician}} <br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}<br />
[[File:Poongani_died_2018.png|thumb|Performing]]<br />
'''Poongani''' ({{langx|ta|பூங்கனி}}, also known as '''Poongani Ammal''', '''Poongani Amma''') (1934, Saravanan Theri – 2 November 2018, [[Kottaram]], Tamil Nadu) was an [[Indian people|Indian]] performer of [[Villu Paatu]], a musical story-telling tradition in southern [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Kerala]]. She was a recipient of the Om Muthu Mari Award of the [[University of Madras]].<br />
<br />
==Life==<br />
Poongani was born in 1934 in Saravanan Theri near [[Agastheeswaram]] in the [[Kanyakumari district]] of Tamil Nadu at the tip of India.<ref name=dinamani>{{cite news|newspaper=Dinamani|url=https://www.dinamani.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-news/2018/jun/27/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D-2948464.html|date=27 June 2018|access-date=11 November 2018|language=ta|author=T. Ramakrishnan|title=தமிழகத்தின் முதல் பெண் வில்லுப்பாட்டுக் கலைஞர்!}}</ref><ref name=toi>{{cite news|newspaper=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/tracking-indian-communities/a-tale-of-poongani-the-oldest-living-villupaattu-performer-in-tamil-nadu/|date=22 July 2016|access-date=11 November 2018|title=A tale of Poongani, the oldest living villupaattu performer in Tamil Nadu|author=Vishnu Swaroop}}</ref> She attended school till fourth grade but family circumstances did not permit her to continue.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Dinakaran|url=http://www.dinakaran.com/ladies_Detail.asp?Nid=4728|author=K. Kathivaran|date=18 November 2016|access-date=11 November 2018|title=வியக்க வைக்கும் வில்லிசை வித்தகி|language=ta}}</ref><br />
<br />
At the age of either 10 or 12 she saw a troupe performing the villu paatu at a local temple. Two notable women exponents of the art-form, Lakshmi and Dhanalakshmi, encouraged her to pursue it. She then learned from Vedhamanikkam Pulavar and Sivalingam Vathiyar, maestros of the tradition.<ref name=toi/><ref name=nie>{{cite news|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=1 February 2016|access-date=11 November 2018|url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/the-new-indian-express/20160201/281663959037654|title=Octogenarian Villupattu Artiste Living in Penury|author=S. Mahesh}}</ref><ref name=kolappan/><br />
<br />
Poongani began performing with a troupe in which Thangapandian, a percussionist of the ''kudam'' (a clay pot instrument), was a member. They married when she was fifteen years old,<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Dinamani|language=ta|url=https://www.dinamani.com/weekly-supplements/magalirmani/2017/jan/18/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81--%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF--%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF-2634418.html|title=வில்லுப்பாட்டு வித்தகி பூங்கனி!|date=18 January 2017|access-date=11 November 2018}}</ref> and continued to perform together.<ref name=kolappan>{{cite news|newspaper=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/a-villupaatu-artiste-and-the-sad-notes-of-life/article24069629.ece|title=A villupaatu artiste and the sad notes of life|date=2 June 2018|access-date=11 November 2018|author=B. Kolappan}}</ref><br />
<br />
Thangapandian died in 2015.<ref name=kolappan/> Poongani lived in penury on a small pension in Kottaaram near [[Nagercoil]], until her death on 2 November 2018,<ref name=hindu2018>{{cite news|newspaper=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/veteran-villupaattu-exponent-dead/article25415308.ece|title=Veteran villupaattu exponent dead|date=2 November 2018|access-date=11 November 2018|author=Special Correspondent}}</ref> although in her final year her residence was given a polish. [[Lady Kash]], a Tamil rapper from [[Singapore]], visited her and cleaned her home. Her visit saw Poongani again at the centre of attention. The press reported that Lady Kash had created a song named "Villupattu" in her honour.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Deccan Chronicle|title=Kanyakumari: Oldest Villupattu performer Poongani passes away at 84|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/041118/kanyakumari-oldest-villupattu-performer-poongani-passes-away-at-84.html|date=4 November 2018|access-date=11 November 2018}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
The villu paatu is a long-form musical story-telling tradition. It is performed with a stringed bow, accompanied by a troupe of musicians, and involves a call and response between the lead singer and the accompanists. Poongani developed a technique of bow playing along with a unique twirl of ''veesukol'', twin thick sticks with bells, with which she would strike the bow. The ritual song traditionally lasted three days, telling the stories of regional deities but also expanded to include tales from the [[Mahabharata]] and the [[Ramayana]].<ref name=toi/> The performances were generally the curtain call to religious festivals at Mutharammam and Sudalaimadan temples.<ref name=nie/><br />
<br />
Poongani and her troupe performed around southern Tamil Nadu and Kerala for more than fifty years, until her retirement at the age of 70.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The News Minute|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/bows-song-once-famous-84-yr-old-villupaattu-artist-poongani-now-lives-poverty-81766|title=The bow's song: Once famous, 84-yr-old villupaattu artist Poongani now lives in poverty|date=23 May 2018|access-date=11 November 2018|author=Priya Saravana}}</ref><br />
<br />
Poongani was credited with knowing almost the entire classical repertoire of the villu paatu, as well developing new songs.<ref name=toi/> She also taught younger generations of artistes.<ref name=nie/><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<!--- See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags, these references will then appear here automatically --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HE5hs05svy8|title=வில்லுப்பாட்டில் 'வெங்கலராஜான் கதை' - பூங்கனி அம்மா|publisher=University of Madras}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Poongani}}<br />
<!--- Categories ---><br />
<br />
[[Category:People from Kanyakumari district]]<br />
[[Category:1934 births]]<br />
[[Category:2018 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil folk singers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian folk singers]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sapan_Saxena&diff=532998Sapan Saxena2025-10-16T16:03:41Z<p>KatherinSteger: made pg</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian author (born 1985)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2023}}<br />
{{Infobox writer <!-- For more information see [[:Template:Infobox Writer/doc]]. --><br />
| name = Sapan Saxena<br />
| image = Sapan Saxena talking to reporters.jpg<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| alt =<br />
| caption = Sapan Saxena talking to reporters, [[Bhubaneswar]], [[Odisha]].{{when|date=December 2024}}<br />
| pseudonym =<br />
| birth_name =<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1985|4|5|df=yes}} <br />
| birth_place =[[Kanpur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India<br />
| alma_mater = [[Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad]]<br />
| occupation = Novelist, software engineer<br />
| genre = Literature, fiction writer, Indian mythology<br />
| subject = Novels, short stories <br />
| notableworks = {{Plainlist|<br />
* ''[[Finders, Keepers (Saxena novel)|Finders, Keepers]]'' <br />
* ''[[UNNS-The Captivation]]'' <br />
* ''[[The Tenth Riddle]]''<br />
}}<br />
| relatives = <br />
| signature =<br />
| signature_alt =<br />
| website =<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Sapan Saxena''' (born 5 April 1985) is an Indian writer, known for his novels ''[[Finders, Keepers (Saxena novel)|Finders, Keepers]]'', ''[[UNNS-The Captivation]]'' and ''[[The Tenth Riddle]]''.<br />
<br />
== Early life and education==<br />
Sapan Saxena was born on 5 April 1985, at [[Kanpur]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]]. His father, Umesh, is a senior bank officer with [[UCO Bank]]. <br />
<br />
He did his engineering from [[Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/spandan-sets-pulses-racing-at-mnnit/story-CspzbhfQk9Y9WdTPEmuRbO.html|title=Spandan sets pulses racing at MNNIT}}</ref><br />
<br />
Saxena started writing blogs in the 2011 and his blog was covered by national mainstream media outlets, including ''[[The Times of India]]'' on a couple of occasions.<br />
<br />
He often credits his father and the readers of his blog for pushing him into the world of novels.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://epaper.dailypostindia.com/Details.aspx?id=178271&boxid=62610&uid=&dat=2017-07-06|title=Techie's Journey: From blogger to writer}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
=== Software engineer ===<br />
He has worked for fourteen years in the software industry and works with [[UKG]].{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}<br />
<br />
=== Writer ===<br />
====''Finders, Keepers''====<br />
Saxena's first novel, ''Finders, Keepers'', was launched in January 2015 at [[Bhubaneshwar]]. The launch was covered by ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' and was attended by [[Padma Shri]] [[Prafulla Kar]] and novelist [[Santanu Kumar Acharya]] and ''[[ghazal]]'' singer [[Subhashish Panigrahi]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://epaper.newindianexpress.com/453874/The-New-Indian-Express-Bhubaneswar/08032015#page/2/2|title=Thriller Mystery Book Released|date=8 March 2015|access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.orissapost.com/epaper/080315/p2.htm|title=New author's first novel released in city|date=8 March 2015|access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
The book had another launch at the Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology during the institute's annual cultural festival, [[Culrav]], which was attended by Shri [[Girdhar Malviya]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.webindia123.com/news/Articles/India/20150403/2565441.html|title=MNNIT cultural fiesta Culrav starts|date=3 April 2015|access-date=3 April 2015|archive-date=11 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211160637/http://news.webindia123.com/news/Articles/India/20150403/2565441.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[Delhi]] launch of the book was attended by [[Bharatiya Janta Party]] MP from [[Meerut]], Shri [[Rajendra Agrawal]]. ''[[The Hindu]]'' covered the book in its [[Friday Fever]] section.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/whats-inside/article7110281.ece|title=What's inside|date=17 April 2015|access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
The book received mostly positive reviews from journalists and reviewers.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://writersmelon.com/2016/05/06/story-pushed-towards-writing/|title=My Story Pushed Me Towards Writing Itself}}</ref><br />
<br />
Samata Dey from ''[[IndiaCafe]]'' said "Sapan offered a very interesting story, where not only the plot but the atmosphere and the scenario the plot is based in, becomes the primal focus too. Some simple yet very confusing questions are asked in the different parts of the book which are related to the famous historical figures which is mind boggling".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indiacafe24.com/book-reviews/finders-keepers-book-review/|title=An insight to the world of myths and facts|last=Dey|first=Samata|date=25 March 2015|access-date=25 March 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
====''UNNS-The Captivation''====<br />
Saxena's second novel's launch was covered by the [[Chandigarh]] chapter of ''[[The Indian Express]]''<ref>{{cite news|url=http://epaper.indianexpress.com/1100294/Chandigarh/February-10,-2017#page/19/2|title=UNNS THE CAPTIVATION (BOOK LAUNCH)}}</ref> and ''[[Dainik Bhaskar]]''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://epaper.bhaskar.com/detail/852028/21413734671/cph/map/tabs-1/02-14-2017/83/4/image/<br />
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214183128/http://epaper.bhaskar.com/detail/852028/21413734671/cph/map/tabs-1/02-14-2017/83/4/image/<br />
|url-status=dead<br />
|archive-date=14 February 2017<br />
|title=Launch of Novel Unns-The Captivation}}</ref> The novel was published by [[Inspire India]] publishers.<br />
<br />
Saxena mentions "The book is a romantic espionage thriller with a basic theme of the Sufi-inspired seven stages of love" when asked about the book.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://writersmelon.com/2017/03/20/research-sapan-saxena/<br />
|title=Research Is The Key For My Books – Sapan Saxena<br />
}}</ref> He claims the title UNNS is actually the second stage of love as per [[Sufi]] traditions.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://captivatingmode.wordpress.com/2017/03/26/conversation-with-sapan-saxena/<br />
|title=Conversation with Sapan Saxena<br />
}}</ref><br />
<br />
In an interview with [[UC News]], Saxena mentioned, "UNNS is a romantic espionage thriller.".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://c.mp.ucweb.com/detail/ae8c7b3ccf7a4460977a8b020305c3d9?uc_param_str=dnvebichfrmintcpwidsudsvnwpflameefut|title=For the Love of Art: Author Interview: Sapan Saxena|website=c.mp.ucweb.com}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In another interview with [[The News Now]], he called the book "A story with a lot of depth and a lot of heart."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenewsnow.co.in/newsdet.aspx?q=122993|title='UNNS' – THE SECOND STAGE OF LOVE IN URDU, FEATURES IN THIS BOOK|website=www.thenewsnow.co.in/}}</ref> Saxena also mentioned in his interview with the ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' that "The story finds inspiration from some stories of that the author witnessed during his education days."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://paper.hindustantimes.com/epaper/showlink.aspx?bookmarkid=AAPM0AKMCUM8<br />
|title=Lucknowite Sapan's second fiction out on stand<br />
}}{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><br />
<br />
====''The Tenth Riddle''====<br />
In October 2021, Saxena's third book, ''[[The Tenth Riddle]]'', was released. It is "a murder mystery backed by the core theme of the sacred feminism, the [[Adishakti]]". In his interview with the ''[[Asian Chronicle]]'', Saxena said "it's a murder mystery and my protagonists excel in the science of deduction, so a lot of lateral thinking has also been used to solve various pieces of the puzzle.".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenewsnow.co.in/newsdet.aspx?q=139282|title=ON WRITING A BOOK WITH THE CORE THEME OF SACRED FEMINISM|orig-date=16 December 2021|date=16 December 2021|website=News Now}}</ref><br />
The ''Asian Chronicle'' called the book a "winner" and praised it for its story and suspense.<ref>{{dead link|date=December 2024}}{{Cite web|url=https://theasianchronicle.com/best-selling-author-sapan-saxena-creates-another-winner/|title=Best selling author Sapan Saxena creates another winner!<br />
|orig-date=16 December 2021|date=16 December 2021|work=[[The Asian Chronicle]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Awards and recognition ==<br />
* Listed among Top-50 Most Influential authors by [[Delhi Wire]] (2021)<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.delhiwire.com/top-50-most-influential-authors-of-2021/7662/|title=Top 50 Most Influential Authors of 2021|orig-date=28 December 2021|date=28 December 2021|website=Delhi Wire}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Bibliography ==<br />
* ''[[Finders, Keepers (Saxena novel)|Finders, Keepers]]'' (2015)<br />
* ''[[UNNS-The Captivation]]'' (2017)<br />
* ''[[The Tenth Riddle]]'' (2021)<br />
<br />
== Rendition of Jabra Fan==<br />
In March 2016, Saxena did a homemade rendition of [[Shah Rukh Khan]]'s then-yet-to-be-released movie ''[[Fan (2016 film)|Fan]]''. The video was released on his [[YouTube]] account and was immediately picked up by various media portals.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-fan-tales-forget-all-dubsmashes-this-shah-rukh-khan-fan-re-creating-jabra-is-the-best-thing-ever-2189745|title=Fan Tales: Forget all Dubsmashes, this Shah Rukh Khan fan re-creating Jabra is the best thing ever!}}</ref><br />
<br />
The video was very well received across social-media platforms and [[Shah Rukh Khan]] used his official [[Twitter]] account in praise of the video.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
{{Portal|Biography|India|Novels}}<br />
* [[List of Indian writers]]<br />
* [[List of novelists]]<br />
* [[List of people from Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Saxena, Sapan}}<br />
[[Category:1985 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian male writers]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian novelists]]<br />
[[Category:English-language Indian writers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male novelists]]<br />
[[Category:Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Prayagraj alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Novelists from Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Kanpur]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Lucknow]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhumij_Revolt&diff=491360Bhumij Revolt2025-10-09T11:28:21Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created Entry</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|1832-33 Indian Tribal Rebellion}}<br />
{{Infobox military operation<br />
| name = Bhumij Revolt<br />
| partof = [[Chuar Rebellion]]<br />
| subtitle = <br />
| image = <br />
| image_size = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = [[Bishnupur Estate]] on [[James Rennell]]'s 1776 map.<br />
| scope = <br />
| type = <br />
| location = [[Jharkhand]], [[West Bengal]]<br />
| location2 = <!-- 2 through 10 for more locations --><br />
| coordinates = {{coord|22|54|15|N|86|12|59|E|display=title,inline|type:adm2nd_region:IN-WB}}<br />
| coordinates2 = <!-- 2 through 10 for more locations --><br />
| map_type = India<br />
| map_size = <br />
| map_caption = Location of the rebellion<br />
| map_label = Barabhum, Dhalbhum, Manbhum & Singhbhum<br />
| map_label2 = <!-- 2 through 10 for more locations --><br />
| planned = <br />
| planned_by = <br />
| commanded_by = [[Ganga Narayan Singh]]<br />
| objective = [[Self-governance]]<br />
| target = <br />
| date = 1832–1833<br />
| time = <br />
| time-begin = <br />
| time-end = <br />
| timezone = <br />
| executed_by = <br />
| outcome = Surrendered and [[Estate (land)|estates]] transferred to [[Burdwan District]] & [[Manbhum District]]<br />
| casualties = Unknown<br />
| fatalities = <br />
| injuries = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Bhumij Revolt''' (also known as '''Ganga Narayan's Hungama''', '''Jungle Mahal Uprising''')<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jungle Mahal Uprising, 1832-33 |url=https://indianculture.gov.in/node/2825279 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112034842/https://indianculture.gov.in/node/2825279 |archive-date=2024-01-12 |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=INDIAN CULTURE |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Chaudhuri |first1=Sashi Bhusan |title=Civil Disturbances During the British Rule in India (1765 - 1857) |pages=101 |url=https://indianculture.gov.in/ebooks/civil-disturbances-during-british-rule-india-1765-1857 |language=en}}</ref> was revolt of [[Bhumij people|Bhumij tribals]], led by [[Ganga Narayan Singh]] during 1832–33 in the [[Manbhum]] and [[Jungle Mahals|Jungle Mahal]] areas of the erstwhile [[Midnapore district]], [[Bengal]].<ref name="Jagdish" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Civil Disturbances During the British Rule in India (1765 - 1857) |url=https://indianculture.gov.in/ebooks/civil-disturbances-during-british-rule-india-1765-1857 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506120224/https://indianculture.gov.in/ebooks/civil-disturbances-during-british-rule-india-1765-1857 |archive-date=2024-05-06 |access-date=2025-02-03 |website=INDIAN CULTURE |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
The British have called it "Ganga Narain's Hangama" while historians have also written it as the [[Chuar rebellion]].<ref name="Jagdish">{{Cite book |last=Jha |first=Jagdish Chandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tPjNAQAACAAJ |title=The Bhumij Revolt (1832-33): (ganga Narain's Hangama Or Turmoil) |date=1967 |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Limited |isbn=978-81-215-0353-2 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Orans |first=Martin |date=May 1969 |title=The Bhumij Revolt (1832–33): (Ganga Narain's Hangama or Turmoil). By Jagdish Chandra Jha. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal, 1967. xii, 208 pp. Map, Glossary, Bibliography, Index, Errata. |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-asian-studies/article/abs/bhumij-revolt-183233-ganga-narains-hangama-or-turmoil-by-jagdish-chandra-jha-delhi-munshiram-manoharlal-1967-xii-208-pp-map-glossary-bibliography-index-errata/A5836E32C9F5325E50403A06E8FFB904 |journal=The Journal of Asian Studies |language=en |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=630–631 |doi=10.2307/2943210 |jstor=2943210 |s2cid=161861350 |issn=1752-0401|url-access=subscription }}</ref> The word 'Hungama' (হাঙ্গামা) in {{lang|hi|[[Bengali language|Bangla]]}} means 'disturbance'.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Guha |first1=Abhijit |title=Article on Chuar Rebellion in Forward Press(PDF).pdf |url=https://www.academia.edu/37020658/Article_on_Chuar_Rebellion_in_Forward_Press_PDF_pdf}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
=== Chuar Rebellion ===<br />
{{Main|Chuar Rebellion}}<br />
The Chuar Rebellion was a series of uprisings by the tribal communities in the Jungle Mahals region against the oppressive policies of the British [[East India Company]]. The British referred to the rebels as "Chuars," meaning "barbaric," due to their resistance to land revenue collection. The rebellion spread across Midnapore, Bishnupur, and Manbhum district, peaking in 1798-1799. In response to the unrest, the British reorganized the region, establishing the Jungle Mahals district and implementing stricter administrative control. The legacy of the rebellion influenced the socio-political identity of the region.<ref>{{cite web |title=Adivasi resistance in the Jungle Mahals 1767-1799 |url=https://www.wbnsou.ac.in/openjournals/Issue/1st-Issue/January2020/Amrita-final.pdf |website=www.wbnsou.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Adivasi Resistance in Jungle Mahal: A Case Study of Chuar Rebellion |url=http://joais.in/Journal/JAIS-Aug%202021%20Article%201%20A.pdf |website=joais.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=गुहा |first1=Abhijit Guha अभिजीत |title=An early freedom struggle that is still not free of the ‘Chuar’ label |url=https://www.forwardpress.in/2018/07/an-early-freedom-struggle-that-is-still-not-free-of-the-chuar-label/ |website=Forward Press |date=10 July 2018}}</ref>{{Sfn|Das|1984}}<br />
<br />
=== Barabhum Raj ===<br />
{{Main|Ganga Narayan Singh#Barabhum Raj}}<br />
Raja Vivek Narayan Singh of Barabhum had two sons, Lakshman Narayan and Raghunath Narayan, who fought for succession after his death. Though Lakshman was the rightful heir according to tradition, the British supported Raghunath, leading to Lakshman’s exile. His son, Ganga Narayan Singh, later led a revolt against the [[East India Company|British East India Company]].{{cn|date=February 2025}}<br />
<br />
== Rebellion ==<br />
[[File:Southwest Bengal, 1776, by Rennell.jpg|thumb|Barabhum on [[James Rennell]]'s 1776 map.]]<br />
[[Ganga Narayan Singh|Ganga Narayan]] was the first leader to fight against the [[Company raj|Company rule]] and exploitation policy, who first formed the ''Sardar Gorilla Vahini Sena''. On which there was support of every caste. [[Jirpa Laya]] was appointed as the chief commander of the army.{{citation needed|date=April 2023}} [[Dhalbhum]], [[Patkum estate|Patkum]], Shikharbhum, [[Singhbhum district|Singhbhum]], [[Panchet]], Jhalda, Bamni, [[Baghmundi]], Manbhum, Ambikanagar, Amiyapur, Shyamsunderpur, Phulkusma, [[Raipur, Bankura|Raipur]] and [[Kashipur, West Bengal|Kashipur]]'s ''[[Raja]]-[[Maharaja]]'' and [[Zamindar|''zamindars'']] supported Ganga Narayan Singh. Ganga Narayan attacked and killed the ''[[Dewan]]'' of Barabhum and British broker Madhab Singh in Vandih on April 2, 1832 AD. After that, along with ''Sardar Vahini'', the court of Barabazar Muffasil, the office of salt inspector and the police station were handed over to the front.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bengal (India) |first=West |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KSBuAAAAMAAJ |title=West Bengal District Gazetteers: Puruliya |date=1985 |publisher=State editor, West Bengal District Gazetteers |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bengal (India) |first=West |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fDZuAAAAMAAJ |title=West Bengal District Gazetteers: Bānkurā by Amiya Kumar Banerji |date=1968 |publisher=State editor, West Bengal District Gazetteers |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Collector of [[Bankura]], Russell, arrived to arrest Ganga Narayan. But the Sardar Vahini army surrounded him from all sides. All the English army were killed. But Russell somehow escaped to Bankura after saving his life. This movement of Ganga Narayan took the form of a storm, which trampled the British regiments in [[Chhatna]], [[Jhalda]], Akro, [[Ambikanagar, Bankura|Ambika Nagar]], [[Shyamsundarpur, Paschim Bardhaman|Shyamsundarpur]], Raipur, [[Phulkusma]], Shilda, Kuilapal and various places in Bengal. The impact of his movement was vigorous in places like [[Purulia]], [[Bardhaman]], [[Medinipur]], and Bankura in Bengal, the tire [[Chota Nagpur Division|Chotanagpur]] in [[Bihar]] (now [[Jharkhand]]), [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]], [[Keonjhar]] and [[Sundergarh district|Sundergarh]] in [[Orissa]]. As a result, the entire Jungle Mahal was out of the control of the British. Everyone started supporting Ganga Narayan as a true, honest, heroic patriot, and social worker.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Das |first=Binod Sankar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UGTxUHzhYXwC |title=Changing Profile of the Frontier Bengal, 1751-1833 |date=1984 |publisher=Mittal Publications |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
Eventually, the British had to send an army from [[Barrackpore]] Cantonment, which was sent under the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel Kapoor. The army was also defeated in the conflict. After this, Ganga Narayan and his followers expanded the scope of their action plan. The commissioner baton of Bardhaman and the commissioner hunt of Chotanagpur were also sent but they too could not succeed and had to face defeat in front of the ''Sardar Vahini army''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Panda |first=Barid Baran |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iensAAAAMAAJ |title=Socio-economic Condition of South West Bengal in the Nineteenth Century |date=2005 |publisher=Punthi Pustak |isbn=978-81-86791-52-3 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Mishra |first1=Asha |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ul6fWJQOfzwC |title=Tribal Movements in Jharkhand, 1857-2007 |last2=Paty |first2=Chittaranjan Kumar |date=2010 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-8069-686-2 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
From August 1832 to February 1833, the entire Jungle Mahal remained disturbed at Chotanagpur in Bihar, Purulia, Bardhaman, Medinipur, Bankura in Bengal, Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar and Sundergarh in Orissa. The British tried in every way to suppress Ganga Narayan Singh, but the British could not stand in front of Ganga Narain's cleverness and fighting skills. The commissioners of Bardhaman, Chotanagpur and Orissa (Raipur) escaped after being defeated by Ganga Narayan Singh. Thus, the struggle was so fast and effective that the British were compelled to withdraw the land sale law, inheritance law, excise duty on lac, salt law, and jungle law.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Aquil |first1=Raziuddin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l6PSDwAAQBAJ |title=An Earthly Paradise: Trade, Politics and Culture in Early Modern Bengal |last2=Mukherjee |first2=Tilottama |date=2020-02-25 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-07180-1 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Panigrahi |first=Tara Sankar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X94tAAAAMAAJ |title=The British Rule and the Economy of Rural Bengal: A Study of Mallabhum from 1757 to 1833 |date=1982 |publisher=Marwah Publications |isbn=978-0-8364-1036-5 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
At that time Thakur Chetan Singh of Kharsawan was running his rule in collusion with the British. Ganga Narain went to [[Porahat]] and Singhbhum and organized the [[Kol people|Kol]] ([[Ho people|Ho]]) tribes there to fight against Thakur Chetan Singh and the British. On February 6, 1833, Ganga Narain attacked the Hindshahar police station of Thakur Chetan Singh of [[Kharsawan State|Kharsawan]] with the Kol tribes, but unfortunately died on the same day while fighting against the British and the rulers till the last breath of his life.<br />
<br />
Then on February 7, 1833, Ganga Narayan Singh, the hero of the Bhumij rebellion (also known as the Chuar rebellion), left his mark and became a hero to his people.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mathur |first=Laxman Prasad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j-_ZAAAAMAAJ |title=Movements of Tribals During the Colonial Rule: Role of Ideologies |date=1995 |publisher=Inter-India Publications |isbn=978-81-210-0342-1 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Aftermath==<br />
{{Main|Jungle Mahals}}<br />
By Regulation XIII of 1833, the district of Jungle Mahals was broken up. The estates of Senpahari, Shergarh and [[Bishnupur Estate|Bishnupur]] were transferred to Burdwan District and the remainder constituted the Manbhum District.<ref name=omalley>O’Malley, L.S.S., ICS, ''Bankura'', ''Bengal District Gazetteers'', pp. 21-41, 1995 reprint, Government of West Bengal</ref><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Kol uprising]]<br />
* [[Chuar Rebellion]]<br />
* [[Tribal revolts in India before Indian independence]]<br />
* [[History of Jharkhand]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Further reading==<br />
*{{cite journal |last1=Bhattacharya |first1=Sutapa |title=The Adivasis of Bengal in the mMid- nineteenth Century with special reference to Bhumiz |journal=JHSR Journal of Historical Studies and Research |date=2023 |volume=3 |issue=3 |issn=2583-0198 |url=https://www.jhsr.in/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/70-78HSRV3-N3Sutapa-Bhattacharya.pdf |access-date=9 October 2025}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Bengal Presidency]]<br />
[[Category:Rebellions in India]]<br />
[[Category:History of Jharkhand]]<br />
[[Category:Rebellions by ethnic group]]<br />
[[Category:Bhumij]]<br />
[[Category:1832 in British India]]<br />
[[Category:1833 in British India]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kam_Ya_Zyaada&diff=470330Kam Ya Zyaada2025-09-22T03:46:50Z<p>KatherinSteger: rework lead after review</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox television<br />
| image = Kyzseries.jpg<br />
| caption = Logo<br />
| runtime = 60 minutes<br />
| company = Optimystix Entertainment<br />
| director = Punit Goenka<br />
| presenter = [[Manoj Bajpai]]<br />
| country = India<br />
| network = [[Zee TV]]<br />
| first_aired = {{start date|2005|12|5|df=y}}<br />
| last_aired = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Kam Ya Zyaada''''' is an Indian quiz show that aired on [[Zee TV]] channel in December 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiantelevision.com/headlines/y2k5/nov/nov64.htm|title=Zee-Sony fight on the cards with Zee TV slotting 'Kam Ya Zyaada' for 8:30&nbsp;pm|first=Bijoy|last=A.K.|work=Indiantelevision.com|date=8 November 2005}}</ref> An adaptation of the [[Denmark|Danish]] show ''Gimme Five'', ''Kam Ya Zyaada'' has a Rs. 30 million top prize—one of the highest prizes among all the reality shows aired on Indian television networks.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiantelevision.com/headlines/y2k5/nov/nov18.htm|title=Zee TV to launch gameshow 'Kam Ya Zyaada' in December|first=Bijoy|last=A.K.|work=Indiantelevision.com|date=2 November 2005}}</ref> The prize is reduced to 3 contestants playing the second round and finally the highest money winner in the first 2 rounds plays round 3 for the Rs. 30&nbsp;million jackpot. All the questions are only to be answered with either "Kam" (less) or "Zyaada" (more) – increasing the chances of winning to 50%. The series premiered on 5 December 2005 and was hosted by [[Manoj Bajpai]].<br />
<br />
==Rules==<br />
'''1st round''': 'Pratham Chkra'<br /><br />
The round starts with 5 persons participating in the game and Manoj asking them 5 questions one at a time and they have to answer the questions in either "kam" or "zyaada". The contestants have 60 seconds for answering each question, the moment they answer the question, their remaining time out of 60 seconds is noted down and if their answer is correct, they get (remaining time) x Rs 1000. For example, if the contestants' time is 40 seconds, then that contestant wins Rs 40,000 (40 x 1000). After the completion of the first round, the top 3 contestants' go into the second round.<br />
<br />
'''2nd round''': 'Dwiteeya Chkra'<br /><br />
The second round contains 3 remaining contestants' who win the first round, dealing with 3 questions one at a time with the bidding option. If one contestant bids a question and he answers correctly, he gets the money; if he gives wrong answer, the bid amount is deducted from his balance. Nevertheless, if the contestant is uncertain about the answer, they can pass the question (risk of losing money) on to some other contestant. The contestant with top most score moves to the third and final round.<br />
<br />
'''3rd round''': 'Trateeya Chkra'<br /> <br />
The top contestant with the highest score from round 2 plays the game in the 3rd round who has to answer 5 questions. After answering the questions, the contestant has to decide whether how many questions he/she answered correctly. Depending on the predictions of correct number of answers the prize money is given to the contestant. For example, if the contestant gives all 5 correct answers and predicts that he/she has given all 5 answers correctly, then he/she gets the prize money of "3 Crore" (30&nbsp;Million).<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[http://www.indiantelevision.com/headlines/y2k5/nov/nov18.htm Kam Ya Zyaada News Article]<br />
<br />
[[Category:2005 Indian television series debuts]]<br />
[[Category:Indian reality television series]]<br />
[[Category:Indian game shows]]<br />
[[Category:Zee TV original programming]]<br />
[[Category:Television series by Optimystix Entertainment]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Noida_Sector_81_metro_station&diff=454381Noida Sector 81 metro station2025-08-01T18:56:12Z<p>KatherinSteger: improved article</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Metro station in Noida, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox station<br />
| name = [[File:Noida Metro Logo.png|60px]]<br>Noida Sector 81<br />
| type = [[Noida Metro]] station<br />
| style = Noida Metro<br />
| image = <br />
| image_size = <br />
| image_caption = <br />
| address = Block C, Sector 81, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201305<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|28.549476|77.389988|}}<br />
| line = {{rcb|Noida Metro|Aqua|croute}}<br />
| other = <br />
| structure = [[Elevated]]<br />
| platform = [[Side platform]]<br>Platform-1 → [[Noida Sector 51 metro station|Noida Sector 51]] <br />Platform-2 → [[Depot Station metro station (Noida)|Depot]]<br />
| depth = <br />
| levels = <br />
| tracks = <br />
| parking = <br />
| bicycle = <br />
| baggage_check = <br />
| opened = {{start date and age|2019|1|25|df=yes}}<br />
| closed = <br />
| rebuilt = <br />
| electrified = <br />
| accessible = <br />
| code = <br />
| owned = <br />
| zone = <br />
| smartcardname = <br />
| smartcardstatus = <br />
| former = <br />
| passengers = <br />
| pass_year = <br />
| pass_percent = <br />
| pass_system = <br />
| mpassengers = <br />
| services = {{adjacent stations|system=Noida Metro|line=Aqua |left=Noida Sector 101 |right= NSEZ}}<br />
| map_locator = <br />
| website = http://nmrcnoida.com<br />
| map_type = India Delhi#Uttar Pradesh<br />
| map_caption = Location in Delhi##Location in Uttar Pradesh<br />
| map_dot_label = Noida Sector 81<br />
| map_size = 300<br />
| route_map = {{Noida Greater Noida Metro Aqua Line}}<br />
| map_state = collapsed<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Noida Sector 81''' is an elevated metro station on the North - South corridor of the [[Aqua Line (Noida Metro)|Aqua Line]] of [[Noida Metro]] in the city of [[Noida]], Uttar Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nmrcnoida.com/introduction-metro-rail.htm|publisher=Noida Metro|title=Noida Metro Project|access-date=20 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122102851/http://www.nmrcnoida.com/introduction-metro-rail.htm|archive-date=22 January 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greaternoida.com/metro|publisher=Greater Noida|title=Noida Metro Rail}}</ref> It was opened on 25 January 2019.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/metros-aqua-line-linking-noida-and-gr-noida-opens-for-public/articleshow/67687205.cms|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|title=Metro's Aqua line linking Noida and Gr Noida opens for public|date=2019-01-25}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Station layout ==<br />
{{stack|{{Routemap<br />
| title = Noida Sector 81 track layout<br />
| title-bg = #{{rail color|Noida Metro|Aqua}}<br />
| legend = track<br />
| collapsible = no<br />
| map = vCONTgfa<br />
cPLT\vSTR\cPLT ~~ ~~ ~~ to {{stl|Noida Metro|Noida Sector 101}}<br />
*'''P1'''\cPLT\vSTR\cPLT\*'''P2'''<br />
cPLT\vSTR\cPLT ~~ ~~ ~~ to {{stl|Noida Metro|NSEZ}}<br />
vCONTgfe<br />
| bottom = <div style="width:23.5em;text-align:center">Station with two tracks and two side platforms</div><br />
}}}}<br />
{|table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3<br />
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;border-top:solid 1px gray;" width=50 valign=top|'''G'''<br />
|style="border-top:solid 1px gray;border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=100 valign=top|Street level<br />
|style="border-top:solid 1px gray;border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=500 valign=top|Exit/Entrance<br />
|-<br />
|valign=top|'''L1'''<br />
|valign=top|Mezzanine<br />
|valign=top|Fare control, station agent, Metro Card vending machines, crossover<br/><br />
|-<br />
|style="border-top:solid 1px gray;border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=50 rowspan=4 valign=top|'''L2'''<br />
|style="border-top:solid 1px gray;border-right:solid 2px black;border-left:solid 2px black;border-bottom:solid 2px black;text-align:center;" colspan=2|<small>[[Side platform]] | Doors will open on the left {{access icon}}</small><br />
|-<br />
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=100|<span style=color:#{{rcr|Noida Metro|Aqua}}>'''Platform 2'''<br/>'''Southbound'''</span><br />
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=500|Towards → [[Depot Station metro station (Noida)|Depot]]<br><small>'''Next Station:''' [[NSEZ metro station|NSEZ]]</small><br />
|-<br />
|<span style=color:#{{rcr|Noida Metro|Aqua}}>'''Platform 1'''<br/>'''Northbound'''</span> <br />
|Towards ← [[Noida Sector 51 metro station|Noida Sector 51]]<br><small>'''Next Station:''' [[Noida Sector 101 metro station|Noida Sector 101]]</small><br />
|-<br />
|style="border-top:solid 2px black;border-right:solid 2px black;border-left:solid 2px black;border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" colspan=2 align=center|<small>[[Side platform]] | Doors will open on the left {{access icon}}</small><br />
|-<br />
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=50 rowspan=2 valign=top|'''L2'''<br />
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=100|<br />
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=500|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{Official website|http://www.nmrcnoida.com}}<br />
<br />
{{Noida Metro}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 2019]]<br />
[[Category:Noida Metro stations]]<br />
[[Category:Railway stations in Gautam Buddh Nagar district]]<br />
[[Category:Transport in Noida]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{UttarPradesh-railstation-stub}}</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=M._P._Sivagnanam&diff=457178M. P. Sivagnanam2025-07-17T06:03:18Z<p>KatherinSteger: correct article also and fixed typos</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian politician}}{{Close connection|date=March 2023}}<br />
<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}<br />
{{Indian name|Sivagnanam|Ponnuswamy}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Mylai Ponnuswamy Sivagnanam<br />
| image = MP Sivagnanam 2006 stamp of India.jpg<br />
| caption = Sivagnanam on a 2006 stamp of India<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1906|6|26|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = Chennai, Tamil Nadu<br />
| birth_name = Mylai Ponnuswamy Sivagnanam<br />
| othername =<br />
| occupation = Journalist, poet<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1995|10|3|1906|6|26}}<br />
| death_place = Chennai, Tamil Nadu<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Mylai Ponnuswamy Sivagnanam''',<ref name="india.gov.in">[http://www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in/?Year=1972-1972 Padma Awards 1972] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113165647/http://www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in/?Year=1972-1972 |date=13 November 2018 }}. padmaawards.gov.in</ref> popularly known as '''Ma.Po.Si.''' (26 June 1906 – 3 October 1995), was an Indian politician, freedom fighter, and the founder of the political party [[Tamil Arasu Kazhagam]]. He wrote more than 100 books.<ref name="takeover">{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20071212014928/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2006/07/02/stories/2006070205430400.htm Government to take over Ma.Po.Si.'s works]}} ''The Hindu'', 2 July 2006. Accessed 21 July 2008</ref><br />
<br />
==Biography==<br />
Ma.Po.Si. was born on 26 June 1906 of humble parentage in Salvankuppam in Thousand Lights of Madras City, to God –fearing Parents, Ponnuswamy and Sivagami a counterpart of the Nadars of the Southern Districts. For long, Sivagnanam was known as Sivagnanam Gramani, which denominational suffix he shed later. His early education was through his devout mother, and his school term ended at the commencement of Standard III, due to poverty, his father could not buy for him the class text books. Thereafter, the wide world was his school. Sivagnanam was the eldest of the surviving three of his parents’ ten children. Sivagnanam worked on daily wage for some time and later as a weaver for eight years. Subsequently, he started life as a compositor in the Press of a Tamil Journal.<br />
<br />
He was elected to the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] from [[Theagaraya Nagar (State Assembly Constituency)|Thiyagarayanagar constituency]] contesting as a [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]] contestant in [[1967 Madras State legislative assembly election|1967]].<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf List Of Political Parties]. (PDF) . Retrieved on 2018-11-13.</ref> His participation in the demarcation of [[Tamil Nadu]] has made him an important figure in the state’s history. It was through his efforts the state could retain [[Madras]] (now renamed as Chennai) and got [[Tiruttani]] from [[Andhra Pradesh]] (due to his [[Andhra State#Madras Manade movement|'the namade vs manade']] agitation). He was the chairman (presiding officer) of [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Council]] when it was abolished by [[M. G. Ramachandran]] in 1986.<ref name="takeover" /><br />
<br />
==Fight for Retention of Madras (Chennai) as Tamil Nadu state capital==<br />
[[File:MylaiTamizhSangam.jpg|thumb|Ma. Po. Si. and [[Rajaji]] in center; Convention of the Mylai [[Tamil language|Tamil]] Sangam, early 1900s]]<br />
[[Potti Sreeramulu]] started an agitation for separate Andhra Pradesh. As part of this '[[Madras Manade]]' movement was started, asking for Madras to be the capital of separated Andhra Pradesh. Ma.Po.Si. through his [[Tamil Arasu Kazhagam]] agitated against Telugus' claim organising rallies, meetings and dharnas etc., saying 'தலை கொடுத்தேனும் தலைநகரைக் காப்போம்' (We will protect and save the capital for Tamils even if we have to part with our heads). Leaders like [[C. Rajagopalachari]] supported Ma.Po.Si.<ref name="Retention of capital">{{Cite web |url=https://www.dinamalar.com/chennaidinam/News_details.asp?id=296778&cat=MadrasDay_Incident |title=Chennai dinam &#124; Madras Day &#124; Contribution to Madras Day &#124; Tribute to Madras &#124; Looking back Chennai &#124; Madras Day celebrations &#124; Major Buildings in Chennai &#124; Trademark of Chennai &#124; August 22 event |access-date=31 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407131641/http://www.dinamalar.com/chennaidinam/News_details.asp?id=296778&cat=MadrasDay_Incident |archive-date=7 April 2014 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref><br />
<ref name="Struggle for boundary">[http://www.yarl.com/forum3/?showtopic=107049 'தமிழ்நாடு' எல்லைப் போராட்டம் – சோக வரலாறு! – நிகழ்வும் அகழ்வும் – கருத்துக்களம்]. Yarl.com. Retrieved on 2018-11-13.</ref><br />
<br />
Ma.Po.Si. went to meet Sreeramulu during his fast, due to the high respect he had on him, amidst political differences. Andhra Kesari Prakasam who was with Sreeramulu told Ma.Po.Si. that they want to keep Madras as their temporary capital. Ma.Po.Si. denied his request. Ma.Po.Si. through his Tamilasrasu Kazhagam held massive protests for want of Madras within Tamil Nadu. He was even imprisoned at times for this. Sreeramulu died during a fatal fast, which increased more sympathy towards Andhra's demand. 'Madras Manade' movement attained more momentum.<ref name="Retention of capital"/> <br />
<ref name="Struggle for boundary"/><br />
<br />
Nehru appointed Vansu, a Rajasthan-based justice to look into the Madras issue. Rajaji pressured Nehru saying if Madras was given to Andhra, he will resign from his post. Ma.Po.Si. submitted historical, literature facts to Vansu explaining the reason why he claims [[Thiruthani]], [[Thirupathi]], Madras to be grouped within Tamil Nadu. In between Nehru got an opportunity to read the famous speech Ma.Po.Si. rendered in Madras Corporation. Two thousand telegrams were sent to Nehru from Tamil Nadu, emphasizing the need for Madras within Tamil Nadu. Finally Madras was attached to Tamil Nadu by the great efforts of Ma.Po.Si.But [[Tirupati]] only left.<ref name="Retention of capital"/><br />
<ref name="Struggle for boundary"/><br />
<br />
==Madras (Chennai) Corporation Symbol==<br />
<br />
During the British period the Madras Corporation flag had the 'sea, boat, 3 lions and 2 fishes'. The 3 lions represented the British and the sea, boat, fishes denoted the seashore of Madras. After Independence, the need for changing the flag arose. M.P.Sivagnanam who was heading the education wing of the corporation suggested the Pandiya, Chola, Chera’s symbol ‘Fish, Tiger and Bow’ (which he already had in his ‘Tamil arasu kazhagam’s flag). Rajaji agreed with his suggestion.<ref name="Corporation flag">[http://tamil.thehindu.com/opinion/blogs/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4-%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF/article8772759.ece தமிழக வரலாற்றில் முத்திரை பதித்த ம.பொ.சி. – இந்து தமிழ் திசை]. Tamil.thehindu.com. Retrieved on 2018-11-13.</ref><br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
[[File:Ta - குளிர் காய நேரமில்லை - அறிவுக் கதைகள் - ம.பொ.சிவஞானம்.ogg|thumb|An excerpt from Ma. Po. Si.'s book 'Arivuk kadhaigal']]<br />
<br />
===Inspired by [[Subramanya Bharathi]]===<br />
It was in Amaravathi prison where Ma.Po.Si. started his literary journey. His interest to sangam literature was kindled by the words of Subramanya Bharathi. He claimed that the simple words of Bharathi acted as a tutor to take him to the next literary level. He attributed all his literary growth to Subramanya Bharathi.Ma.Po.Si. is one of the authors to have written about 10 research books on Bharathi.<br />
<br />
;Books written by Ma.Po.Si. on [[Subramanya Bharathi]]<br />
*''Vallalarum Bharathiyum (1965)''<br />
*''Engal Kavi Bharathi (1953)''<br />
*''Bharathiyum Aangilamum (1961)''<br />
*''Bharathi Kanda Orumaipadu (1962)''<br />
*''Ulaga Mahakavi Bharathi (1966)''<br />
*''Bharathiyar Pathaiyile (1974)''<br />
*''Bharathiyin Porkural (1979)''<br />
*''Bharathy Patri Ma.Po.Si. Perurai (1983)''<br />
*''Tholkappiathilirunthu Bharathi varai (1979)''<br />
*''[[Ennai Valartha Bharathi]] (2013) by Vikraman''<br />
<br />
===[[Silapathikaram]]===<br />
He started reading Silapathikaram and got induced into it. He took the morals dictated by [[Silapathikaram]] as his bible ad enforced his party's principles based on the same. He was the one, who pioneered spreading the merits of [[Silapathikaram]]. Ma.Po.Si.’s extensive research on ''[[Silapathikaram]]'' earned him the special title "Silambu Chelvar" by [[R. P. Sethu Pillai]]. His attraction towards this epic even made him name his daughters Kannagi and Madhavi.<br />
<br />
;Books written by Ma.Po.Si. on [[Silapathikaram]]<br />
*''Silappatikaramum Thamizharum (1947)''<br />
*''Kannagi Vazhipadu (1950)''<br />
*''Illangovin Silambu (1953)''<br />
*''Veerakanagi (1958)''<br />
*''Nenjaiallum Silappatikaram (1961)''<br />
*''Madhaviyin Manbu (1968)''<br />
*''Kovalan Kutravaliya (1971)''<br />
*''Silappatikara Thiranaivu (1973)''<br />
*''Silappatikara Yathirai (1977)''<br />
*''Silappatikara Aayvurai (1979)''<br />
*''Silappatikara Uraiasiriyargal Sirappu (1980)''<br />
*''Silappatikarathil Yashum Esaiyum (1990)''<br />
*''Silambil Edupatathu eppadi (1994)''<br />
<br />
====Silapathikara Vizha====<br />
<br />
Ma.Po.Si. wanted to spread the merits of [[Silapathikaram]] throughout the world. He conducted the 'Silapathikara Vizha' in 1950 for the first time in Tamil History. It was held in Congress Grounds, Madras, Tamil Nadu.The ceremony consisted of eminent Tamil scholars from all Tamil parties. From 1950 onwards Ma.Po.Si.'s [[Tamil Arasu Kazhagam]] started celebrating the Silpathikara Vizha every year.<br />
<br />
After Ma.Po.Si.'s demise, his daughter Ma.Po.Si. Madhavi Baskaran started celebrating Silapathigara Vizha in 2013, through a Trust run by her in the name of her father.<ref name="Silappathikara Vizha">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailythanthi.com/Memorial%20-ceremony|title=Tamil News, Tamil Newspaper, Latest Tamil News, Top Tamil News, Online Tamil News, Tamil News Live, Tamil News Online, Tamilnadu News, Today's News in Tamil, Tamil Latest News}}</ref><br />
<br />
===[[V.O. Chidambaram Pillai]]===<br />
Ma.Po.Si. brought out the contribution of [[V.O. Chidambaram Pillai]] to the masses. He wrote V.O.Chidambaram Pillai's biography and named it as '[[Kappalottiya Thamizhan]]'. Later V.O.Chidambaram Pillai was remembered by all as 'Kappalottiya Thamizhan'. A Tamil movie named Kappalottiya Thamizhan directed by B.R.Panthulu was taken based on Ma.Po.Si.'s biography.<br />
<br />
;Books written by Ma.Po.Si. on [[V.O. Chidambaram Pillai]]<br />
*''Kappalottiya Thamizhan (1944)''<br />
*''Kappalottiya Chidambaranar (1972)''<br />
*''Thalapathy Chidambaranar (1950)''<br />
<br />
===[[Veerapandiya Kattabomman]]===<br />
Ma.Po.Si. was instrumental in reviving the public interest of Kattabomman through his biography he wrote. Later a Tamil movie named '[[Veerapandiya Kattabomman (film)]]' was made which made Kattaboman more popular. Ma.Po.Si. wrote the screenplay for this movie.<br />
<br />
;Books written by Ma.Po.Si. on [[Veerapandiya Kattabomman]]<br />
<br />
*''[[Veerapandiya Kattabomman (book)|Veerapandiya Kattabomman (1949)]]''<br />
*''Kayathatril Kattabomman (1950)''<br />
*''Suthanthira Veeran Kattabomman (1950)''<br />
<br />
===[[Thiruvalluvar]]===<br />
<br />
;Books written by Ma.Po.Si. on [[Thiruvalluvar]]<br />
*''Thirukuralil Kalai Patri Kurathathen(1974)''<br />
*''Valluvar Thantha Vazhi(1952)''<br />
*''Thiruvalluvarum Karl Marxum(1960)''<br />
<br />
===Books of Ma.Po.Si. translated in English===<br />
<br />
*'' The Great Patriot V.O. Chidambaram Pillai''<br />
*'' The First Patriot Veera Pandia Katta Bomman ''<br />
*''The Universal Vision of Saint Ramalinga''<br />
<br />
He was the editor of "Senkol" which became the vehicle of his ideas on matters of political and literary.<br />
<br />
In 1966, he was awarded the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] for [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Tamil language|Tamil]] for his biography of [[Vallalar]] – ''Vallalar kanda orumaipaadu''.<ref name="sahitya">[http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/old_version/awa10320.htm#tamil Tamil Sahitya Akademi Awards 1955–2007] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124032426/http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/old_version/awa10320.htm |date=24 January 2010 }} [[Sahitya Akademi]] Official website.</ref> In 1972, [[Government of India]] awarded him [[Padma Shri]] for Literature & Education.<ref name="india.gov.in" /><br />
<br />
==Educational service==<br />
*1952–53 Chairman, Education Committee, Corporation of Madras.<br />
*1952–54 Member, Senate of Madras University<br />
*1957–69 Member, Senate of Madurai Kamaraj University<br />
*1972–76 Member, Syndicate of Madras University<br />
*1978 Member, Senate of Annamalai University<br />
*1981 Delivered Convocation Address in the Rural University, Gandhigram, Tamil Nadu<br />
*Chairman of several committees, commissions constituted by the Madras University .<br />
<br />
Various books written by him such as Veerapandia Kattabomman, Kappalottiyathamizhan, Vallalar Kanda Orumaippaadu, KambanKaviyinbam, Kalingaththu parani, Bharathiyaarin Paadhaiyile etc., have been prescribed as text books for High Schools, colleges and as Reference books for Post-Graduates courses.<br />
<br />
==Library movement==<br />
*1952–54 Chairman, Madras District Local Library Authority<br />
*1970–73 Chairman, Madras District Local Library Authority, 2nd time<br />
*1972–74 Member, Tamil Nadu State Local Library Authority Responsible for the creation of separate department and Director for Librariesin Tamil Nadu and also for increasing the Library Cess from 3 paise to 5 paise.<br />
<br />
==Visits abroad==<br />
*1948 First visited Ceylon and toured for 28 days<br />
*1956 Visited Burma and toured for 18 days<br />
*1964–65 Visited Malaysia and Singapore twice<br />
*1965 Visited Kulalampur and participated as the representative of Government of Tamil Nadu in the World Tamil Conference held at Kulalumpur<br />
*1970 Participated as the representative of Government of Tamil Nadu in The World Tamil Conference held at Paris<br />
*1970 Visited Soviet Union and toured for seven days at the invitation of Soviet Union<br />
*1970 Visited London and stayed for three days on his way back to India from Paris and studied the working of Library Movement and Police Administration<br />
*1986 Visited London and United States of America for over three weeks.Toured various places in America and participated in World Peace Conference in Virginia<br />
<br />
==Awards and honours==<br />
[[File:Ma.po.si.jpg|thumb|Statue of Ma. Po. Sivagnanam in Chennai]]<br />
*1950 Awarded title "Silambu Selvar" by Prof. R.P.Sethupillai<br />
*1966 "Sahithya Academy Award" for the book written by him ''Vallalarkanda Orumaipadu''<br />
*1970 Award given by UNESCO Mandram, Madras during International Education Year<br />
*1972 ‘Padmashri’ Award by the President of India<br />
*1976 ‘Kalaimamani’ title by Tamil Nadu Iyal, Isai, Nataka Mandram, Madras<br />
*1979 “Doctor of Literature” by the University of Madras<br />
*1979 “Doctor of Literature” by the Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu<br />
*1980 Tamil Nadu Government has awarded a prize for the book written by his namely, "Enathu Porattam" containing 1200 pages. This book was released by the erstwhile President of India Thiru. V.V.Giri.<br />
*1985 The book " Viduthalai Poril Thamizhagam" was nationalized by the Tamil Nadu Government<br />
*1985 Award of ‘Peravai chemmal’ by Madurai Kamarajar University<br />
*2006 Hon'ble Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu Dr. Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi on 15 August Tuesday 2006 released commemorative postage stamp issued by the Department of Posts on freedom fighter and Tamil scholar Silambu Chelvar M.P. Sivagnanam (Ma.Po.Si.) .<br />
*2006 Books of Ma.Po.Si. Nationalized by the Tamil Nadu Government.<br />
*2011 Statue of Ma.Po.Si. unveiled in Thyagaraya Nagar (T.Nagar, Chennai)<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Commons category|M. P. Sivagnanam}}<br />
*[http://www.silambuselvar.com Silambu Selvar Padmashri Dr.Ma.Po.Si Trust]<br />
*[http://www.thamizharasukazhagam.com Thamizharasu Kazhagam]<br />
*[http://www.kappalottiyathamizhan.com Kappalottiya Thamizhan]<br />
*[http://www.veerapandiyakattabomman.com Veerapandiya Kattabomman]<br />
*[http://www.silapathikaram.com Silapathikaram]<br />
*[http://www.gramanicommunity.com Gramani Community]<br />
*[http://maposi.com/ http://maposi.com]<br />
*[http://silapathikaram.com Silapathikaram website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006082558/http://silapathikaram.com/ |date=6 October 2016 }}<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130701155112/http://www.maalaimalar.com/2013/06/26122332/ma-po-si-history.html History of Chennai]<br />
*[http://www.dailythanthi.com/Memorial%20-ceremony Silappathikara Vizha-Ma.Po.Si 20th Memorial]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130406235147/http://www.maalaimalar.com/2013/03/31140136/thiruthani-tamilnadu-joint-54.html 54th Anniversary of Thiruthani]<br />
*[http://www.maposi.co.in/ http://www.maposi.co.in] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111095300/http://maposi.co.in/ |date=11 November 2018 }}<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110723170917/http://www.dailythanthi.com/article.asp?NewsID=640846&disdate=4%2F18%2F2011&advt=2 Silambu Selvar Trust Inauguration ]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20111001162351/http://www.dailythanthi.com/article.asp?NewsID=655939&disdate=6%2F27%2F2011 106th Birthday Celebrations of Silambu Selvar -Daily Thanthi]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120322182420/http://www.dinamalar.com/News_Detail.asp?Id=265489 106th Birthday Celebrations of Ma.Po.Si Dinamalar]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20111005200816/http://dailythanthi.com/article.asp?NewsID=678862&disdate=10%2F5%2F2011&advt=2 Death Anniversary Celebrations of Ma.Po.Si Dinathanthi]<br />
*[http://epaper.maalaimalar.com/showtext.aspx?parentid=21218&boxid=164043125&issuedate=2762012#.T-sn9gdXh7o.facebook 107th Birthday Celebration of Ma.Po.Si ]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20121013203444/http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article1293882.ece 17th Death Anniversary of M.P.Sivagnanam ]<br />
*[http://keetru.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10310:2010-08-08-16-59-21&catid=1160:10&Itemid=427]<br />
{{Sahitya Akademi Award For Tamil}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Si., Ma. Po.}}<br />
[[Category:Tamil Nadu MLAs 1967–1971]]<br />
[[Category:1906 births]]<br />
[[Category:1995 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Tamil]]<br />
[[Category:Members of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Council]]<br />
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chitharesh_Natesan&diff=494315Chitharesh Natesan2025-07-05T02:50:51Z<p>KatherinSteger: Created basic stub from scratch</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian professional bodybuilder}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox bodybuilder<br />
| name = Chitharesh Natesan<br />
| gender = male<br />
| nickname = The Indian Monster<br />
| image = Chitharesh Natesan - Bodybuilder.jpg<br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1986|05|7}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Vaduthala]], [[Kochi]], [[India]]<br />
| height = {{convert|5|ft|7|in|cm|abbr=on}}<ref name="TOI"/><br />
| contest_weight = {{convert|198|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="TOI"/><br />
| firstproshow = '''EBBF'''<br>'''Mr. Dubai - India'''<br />
| firstproshowyear = 2015<br />
| bestwin = '''WBPF'''<br>'''Mr. Universe'''<br />
| bestwinyear = 2019<br />
| predecessor = [[Lucion Pushparaj]]<ref name="WBPS">{{cite web|url=http://www.wbpsf.org/Mr%20Universe.html|title=11th WBPF World Championships 2019|via=Official Website - World Bodybuilding And Physique Sports Federation - Mr. Univers by year|date=}}</ref><br />
| successor = <br />
| yesorretiredyear = 2007<br />
| <!-- Medal record --><br />
| show-medals = <br />
| medaltemplates = <br />
{{MedalSport|[[Bodybuilding|Men's Bodybuilding]]}}<br />
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|11th World Bodybuilding and Physique Sports Championship - WBPF}}<br />
{{MedalGold|2019 [[South Korea]]|'''Mr. Universe'''}}<br />
{{MedalGold|2019 [[South Korea]]|'''Mr. World'''}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|Mr Asia Championship - ABBF}}<ref name="ABBF">{{cite web|url=http://www.abbf.asia/PDF/Result/11th%20WBPF%20Championship%202019.pdf|title=ABBF Championship 2019|via=Official Website - Asian Bodybuilding And Physique Sports Federation|date=}}</ref><br />
{{MedalGold|2019 [[Indonesia]]|'''Mr. Asia'''}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|Mr Asia Pacific - TBPA}}<br />
{{MedalGold|2019 [[Thailand]]|'''Mr. Asia Pacific'''}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|Mr World Championship - IBFF}}<br />
{{MedalGold|2018 [[Slovenia]]|'''Mr. World'''}}<ref name="IBFF">{{cite web|url=http://www.ibff.info/forum/5/1373-ibff-world-championship-2018|title=IBFF World Championship 2018|via=Official Website - International Bodybuilding and Fitness Federation|date=}}</ref><br />
{{MedalCountry|[[Delhi]]}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|National Championship}}<br />
{{Medal|6th|2015 [[Dubai]]|'''Mr. Dubai - India''' - 6th}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Chitharesh Natesan''' (born 7 May 1986), also known as ''The Indian Monster'', is an Indian [[professional bodybuilder]] who won the title of Mr. Universe 2019 at the [[2019 WBPF World Championship|11th World Bodybuilding and Physique Sports Championship]] organised by World Bodybuilding And Physique Sports Federation held in [[South Korea]]. He is the first Indian to win the contest.<ref name="WBPSF">{{cite web|url=http://www.wbpsf.org/11th%20WBPF%20Championship%202019.html|title=11th WBPF World Championships 2019|via=Official Website - World Bodybuilding And Physique Sports Federation|date=}}</ref><ref name="HINDU1">{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/meet-chitharesh-natesan-the-indian-bodybuilder-who-was-crowned-mr-universe-2019/article30016593.ece|title=Bodybuilding's Indian Monster crowned Mr Universe 2019 in South Korea|newspaper=The Hindu |via=News - The Hindu|date=20 November 2019|last1=Nagarajan |first1=Saraswathy }}</ref><ref name="NM1">{{cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/meet-chitharesh-natesan-kerala-man-who-became-mr-universe-2019-113084|title=Meet Chitharesh Natesan: The Kerala man who became Mr Universe 2019|via=News - The News Minute|date=28 November 2019}}</ref><ref name="TOI">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/chitharesh-natesan-muscling-his-way-to-the-top/articleshow/64882767.cms|title=Chitharesh Natesan: Muscling his way to the top|newspaper=The Times of India|first=Deepa|last=Soman|date=7 July 2018|accessdate=5 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="MX">{{cite web|url=https://www.mensxp.com/fashion/celebrity-style/74331-mr-universe-chitharesh-is-the-hottest-indian-fitness-model-and-is-also-super-fashionable.html|title=Mr Universe Chitharesh Is Not Just The Hottest Indian Fitness Model But Is Also Super Fashionable|via=News - Menxp|date=26 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="HUF">{{cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/chitharesh-natesan-mr-universe-body-builder-gym_in_5de121aee4b00149f72df01d|title=We Spent A Day With Chitharesh Natesan, India's First Mr Universe|via=News - Huffingtonpost|date=30 November 2019}}</ref><ref name="WEEK">{{cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/sports/2019/11/22/Chitharesh-Natesan-mr-universe-2019-on-a-physical-high.html|title=Chitharesh Natesan: On a physical high|via=News - The Week|date=23 November 2019}}</ref><ref name="IE">{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2020/mar/09/mr-universe-2019-chitharesh-natesan-to-get-new-home-under-thanal-project-2114178.html|title=Mr Universe 2019 Chitharesh Natesan to get new home under 'Thanal' project|via=News - New Indian Express|date=9 March 2020}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Biography==<br />
Chitharesh was born to Natesan and Nirmala on 7 May 1986, in [[Vaduthala]], [[Kochi]], [[India]].<ref name="WEEK"/> He has two siblings namely Sowmya and Neethu.<ref name="WEEK"/> He is married to Nasiba Nurtaeva from [[Uzbekistan]] whom he met during his training career at Delhi.<ref name="WEEK"/> In 2004 he first graduated [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A - History]] from [[Maharaja's College, Ernakulam]] and obtained second graduation in [[Physical Education]] from [[Lakshmibai National College of Physical Education]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]].<ref name="HUF"/> While at the university, he played [[field hockey|hockey]] at University level. After graduation, in 2007 he joined Rejuvenation Fitness Group at Delhi as trainer.<ref name="HUF"/><br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
While working as a trainer he participated in district championship organised by Ernakulam District Bodybuilding Association in 2010 in which he was titled as Mr. Ernakulam in 85&nbsp;kg category.<ref name="DH">{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/sunday-herald/sunday-herald-melange/indian-monster-going-strong-802104.html|title='Indian Monster' going strong|via=News - Deccanherald|date=9 February 2020}}</ref> Thereafter, in 2015 he participated bodybuilding championship organised by Emirates Bodybuilding Federation in which he was titled Mr. Dubai - India in 70-80&nbsp;kg category.<ref name="DUBAI">{{cite web|url=https://www.emirates247.com/sports/local/mr-dubai-indian-bodybuilding-championship-to-attract-over-600-musclemen-2015-10-19-1.607213|title=Mr Dubai Indian bodybuilding championship to attract over 600 musclemen|via=emirates247|date=19 October 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<ref name=“RTI”>{{cite web|url=https://realtimeindia.in/chitharesh-natesan-from-kerala-bodybuilder/|title='Chitharesh Natesan From Kerala Bodybuildervia=News - Realtimeindia|date=29 November 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.wbpsf.org/index.html WBPF - Official Website]<br />
* [http://www.abbf.asia/index.html ABBF - Official Website]<br />
* [http://www.ibff.info/ IBFF - Official Website]<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Natesan, Chitharesh}}<br />
[[Category:Indian male bodybuilders]]<br />
[[Category:1986 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meera_(2009_TV_series)&diff=450948Meera (2009 TV series)2025-06-23T04:14:18Z<p>KatherinSteger: General improvements to article content</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian historical drama TV series in Hindi language}}<br />
{{for multi|other uses|Meera (disambiguation)}}<br />
{{more citations needed|date=December 2009}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox television<br />
| image = Meera serial.jpg<br />
| caption = <br />
| creator = {{ubl|Meenakshi Sagar|Amrit Sagar}}<br />
| writer = '''Dialogues'''<br>Vinod Sharma<br>Mriduta Sharma<br />
| screenplay = [[Vipul Mehta (director)|Vipul Mehta]]/Meenakshi Sagar/Viral Shah<br />
| director = Mukesh Singh; Swapnil Mahaling (Shahane)<br />
| editor = Santosh Singh<br>Janak Chauhan<br />
| runtime = Approximately 24 minutes<br />
| starring = [[#Cast|See below]]<br />
| language = Hindi<br />
| country = India<br />
| cinematography = Ankit Chouksey<br />
| producer = Sagar Pictures<br />
| camera = [[Multi-camera]]<br />
| opentheme = ''"Chor Sab Sakhiyon Saheli"'' by Sunny Bawra and Inder Bawra or <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhargavsaikia.com/2009/07/ndtv-imagines-meera-theme-music.html |title=Title Song - ''Chor Sab Sakhiyon Saheli'' |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090801042203/http://www.bhargavsaikia.com/2009/07/ndtv-imagines-meera-theme-music.html |archivedate=1 August 2009 }}</ref><br />
| music = {{ubl|[[Sunny Bawra]]|[[Inder Bawra]]}}<br />
| network = [[NDTV Imagine]]<br />
| first_aired = {{start date|df=y|2009|7|27}}<br />
| last_aired = {{end date|df=y|2010|1|29}}<br />
| num_episodes = 135<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Meera - Krishna Se Laagi Aisi Lagan Ek Rajkuvri Bani Jogan''''' is an Indian historical drama television series produced by Sagar Pictures and written by [[Vipul Mehta (director)|Vipul Mehta]]. It is based on the life of [[Meera|Meera Bai]], a 15th-century [[Hinduism|Hindu]] [[mysticism|mystic]] and poet whose lyrical songs of devotion to the god [[Krishna]] are widely popular in northern India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/384786/Mira-Bai |title=Mira Bai (Hindu mystic) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia |publisher=Britannica.com |date= |accessdate=2012-11-03}}</ref> The series, aired on [[NDTV Imagine]] from 27 July 2009 till 29 January 2010.<br />
<br />
==Synopsis==<br />
Meera, the great poet saint, was born a princess in Khudki in Rajasthan in the early 16th century. Her father was Ratan Singh &mdash; the youngest son of Rao Dooda, the then ruler of Merta a small state in Marwar. From the time of her birth, it was predicted by Raidasji (a great saint) that Meera was meant for greater things and that her family would be known in through the decades because of her achievements.<br />
<br />
When Meera is about 8–9 years old she wants a ''Gudda'' (doll) whom she can marry. [[Raidas|Saint Raidas-ji]] gives her [[Lord Krishna]]'s idol, and [[Meera]] immediately falls in love with the Lord. [[Meera]] truly believes that the Lord is her husband.<br />
<br />
Soon after, her marriage is fixed with Bhoj Raj, the son of Rana Sangha of Chittor. But Meera remains, in mind, heart and soul, married to the Lord and never accepts the prince as her husband. After marriage her life is constantly engulfed in turmoil, as very few can understand her devotion and faith towards Lord Krishna. She is soft-spoken, mild-mannered, gifted, sweet and she sings with a melodious voice. She was one of the foremost exponents of the ''Prema Bhakti'' (Divine Love) and an inspired poet.<br />
<br />
Soon Meera starts to care for Bhoj Raj but is rigid to accept him as her husband; he dies fighting in a war. After which soon Rana Sangha too dies while fighting. Thus Vikramaditya is made the new ''Rana'' (king). He desperately starts having feelings for Meera, who is somehow every time saved by her mother-in-law. She soon leaves Chittod, with a heavy heart with Lalita. She gives her Krishna idol to her mother-in-law, saying that the idol has been her life since childhood. But, as fate had she returns to Merta just to know that her brother, Jaimall has died. After spending some years there she goes on pilgrimage to [[Dwarka]] and [[Vrindavan]]. She disappears within the Lord's idol, making to know that she has attained [[Moksha]] and has reached her lord, after years of service. Lalita too gives up her life by jumping into the sea, as "wherever there is Meera, there is Lalita".<br />
<br />
Through this show, the attempt to portray Meera's story is as that of an ordinary Rajput princess whose ultimate love and devotion to the Lord led her to question the set norms of the patriarchal society. It is a story relevant even in today's day and age as Meera embodies a woman's true love and her ultimate sacrifice to remain loyal to that love even in the face of social stigma and opposition. A story of unquestioning and pure love.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
* [[Aditi Sajwan]] as [[Meera]]<br />
* Aashika Bhatia as young [[Meera]]<br />
* Gauri Singh as Veer Kunwari: Meera's mother and Ratan Singh's wife<br />
* [[Kunal Bakshi]] as Ratan Singh: Meera's father.<br />
* [[Paras Arora]] as Jaimall: Meera's cousin brother<br />
*Shreya Laheri as Lalita: Meera's best friend since childhood<br />
*Twara Desai as Lalita: Desai replaced Laheri<br />
* [[Ravi Jhankal]] as Rao Doodaji: Meera's grandfather<br />
*Abhilin Pandey as [[Bhoj Raj|Bhojraj]]: Meera's husband<br />
* Zeb Khan as Vikramaditya: Bhojraj's half brother<br />
*Arvind Rao Suriya as [[Raidas|Saint Raidas]] as Meera's spiritual [[Guru]]<br />
* Prachee Pathak as [[Rani Kanwar Bai]]: Bhojraj's mother and Meera's mother-in-law<br />
* [[Raza Murad]] as Rana Sanga: Bhojraj and Vikramaditya's father<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090729054139/http://www.ndtvimagine.com/shows/showdetails.php?id=130 Meera Official Site]<br />
* [https://www.dangalplay.com/shows/meera ''Meera''] on [[Dangal Play]]<br />
{{Imagine Programmes}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2009 Indian television series debuts]]<br />
[[Category:2010 Indian television series endings]]<br />
[[Category:Indian historical television series]]<br />
[[Category:Imagine TV original programming]]<br />
[[Category:Television shows set in Rajasthan]]<br />
[[Category:Television series set in the 16th century]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shanta_S._Rao&diff=534583Shanta S. Rao2025-05-22T20:31:39Z<p>KatherinSteger: made a bio!</p>
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<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}<br />
{{short description|Indian scientist}}{{Hatnote|This article is about the scientist born in 1923; for the dancer born in 1930, see [[Shanta Rao]].}}{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Shanta S. Rao<br />
| image = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| other_names = <br />
| birth_name = <br />
| birth_date = 28 November 1923<br />
| birth_place = <br />
| death_date = 3 December 1979<br />
| death_place = <br />
| occupation = Scientist, medical researcher<br />
| years_active = <br />
| known_for = <br />
| notable_works = <br />
| spouse(s) = <br />
| relatives = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Shanta S. Rao''' (28 November 1923 – 3 December 1979) was an Indian medical researcher.<br />
<br />
== Early life ==<br />
Rao graduated from [[Maharani College]] in Bangalore in 1943.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Chattopadhyay|first=Anjana|url=https://nbtindia.gov.in/writereaddata/freebooks/pdf/Women%20Scientists%20in%20India.pdf|title=Women Scientists in India: Lives, Struggles & Achievements|date=2018|publisher=National Book Trust, India|isbn=978-81-237-8144-0|language=en}}</ref> She earned a master's degree from the [[University of Toronto]] in 1949, and completed doctoral studies in 1953, at [[University of Mumbai|Bombay University]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|date=1981-01-01|title=In Memoriam: Dr. Shanta S. Rao January 23, 1923—December 3, 1979|url=https://doi.org/10.3109/01485018108999296|journal=Archives of Andrology|volume=7|issue=2|pages=95|doi=10.3109/01485018108999296|issn=0148-5016|url-access=subscription}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
Rao's research started in the field of [[toxicology]], studying proteolytic enzymes in the [[venom]] from various snake species.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Edwards|first=R. G.|date=1980|title=Obituary: Dr. Shanta Rao (1923-1979)|url=https://coek.info/pdf-dr-shanta-rao-19231979-.html|journal=Journal of Reproductive Immunology|volume=2|pages=183–184|doi=10.1016/0165-0378(80)90036-4|doi-access=free|url-access=subscription}}</ref> In 1956, she joined the Indian Cancer Research Center as a biochemist, and studied [[leprosy]].<ref name=":0" /> Her field in later life was reproductive immunology; she studied [[human chorionic gonadotropin]],<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Dattatreyamurty|first1=B.|last2=Sheth|first2=A. R.|last3=Joshi|first3=L. R.|last4=Rao|first4=Shanta S.|date=1975-02-01|title=Changes in the ratio between serum and "specific" levels of human chorionic gonadotropin in different trimesters of pregnancy|url=https://www.ajog.org/article/0002-9378(75)90002-2/abstract|journal=American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology|language=en|volume=121|issue=3|pages=300–305|doi=10.1016/0002-9378(75)90002-2|pmid=46715|issn=0002-9378|url-access=subscription}}</ref> and the presence of [[Antigen|antigens]] in sperm as a cause for [[infertility]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Rao|first1=Shanta S.|last2=Sadri|first2=Katy K.|date=1960-01-01|title=The Antigenic Composition of Buffalo Semen|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036817426080001X|journal=Journal of Comparative Pathology and Therapeutics|language=en|volume=70|pages=1–IN1|doi=10.1016/S0368-1742(60)80001-X|pmid=14436235|issn=0368-1742|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Sheth|first=Parul R.|date=June 2009|title=Shanta S. Rao Award|url=https://www.mathunion.org/fileadmin/IMU/ICM2010/offline/www.icm2010.in/wp-content/icmfiles/docs/Rosalind.pdf|journal=Current Science|volume=96|pages=1438}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Rao was a member of the faculty in pathology and pharmacology at Bombay University.<ref name=":3" /> In 1961, she was a founding executive board member of the Indian Society for the Study of Reproduction.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rao|first=Shanta S.|date=1965-12-01|title=Proceedings of the India Society for the Study of Reproduction|url=https://rep.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/rep/10/3/jrf_10_3_025.xml|language=en-US|volume=10|issue=3|pages=473–478|doi=10.1530/jrf.0.0100473|issn=0022-4251|url-access=subscription}}</ref> From 1977 until her death, she was director of the Institute for Research on Reproduction, under the [[Indian Council of Medical Research]].<ref name=":0" /> She worked with the [[United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific]] (ESCAP), and with the [[World Health Organization]], serving on WHO's Committee on Immunological Aspects of Reproduction.<ref name=":3" /><br />
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Rao's research was published in international academic journals including [[Endocrinology (journal)|''Endocrinology'']],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dattatreyamurty|first1=B.|last2=Sheth|first2=Anil R.|last3=Purandare|first3=Tarala V.|last4=Rao|first4=Shanta S.|date=1976-12-01|title=Nature of Cross-Reaction Between hCG and Anti-oLH Serum and Development of a Radioimmunoassay to Measure hLH Specifically in the Presence of hCG|url=https://academic.oup.com/endo/article/99/6/1554/2619867|journal=Endocrinology|language=en|volume=99|issue=6|pages=1554–1561|doi=10.1210/endo-99-6-1554|pmid=63368|issn=0013-7227|url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''[[Contraception (journal)|Contraception]]'',<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Rangnekar|first1=Kishori N.|last2=Joshi|first2=Usha M.|last3=Rao|first3=Shanta S.|date=January 1972|title=Diminution in humoral antibodies to tetanus toxoid after ovulen therapy in mice|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-7824(72)90080-7|journal=Contraception|volume=5|issue=1|pages=53–56|doi=10.1016/0010-7824(72)90080-7|pmid=4650646|issn=0010-7824|url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''[[Andrologia]]'',<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sheth|first1=A. R.|last2=Joshi|first2=L. R.|last3=Moodbidri|first3=S. B.|last4=Rao|first4=Shanta S.|date=1973|title=Serum prolactin levels in fertile and infertile men|journal=Andrologia|language=en|volume=5|issue=4|pages=297–298|doi=10.1111/j.1439-0272.1973.tb00493.x|pmid=4778916|s2cid=41930128|issn=1439-0272|doi-access=free}}</ref> ''[[American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology]]'',<ref name=":1" /> ''[[European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology|European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology]]'',<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Rajan|first1=R.|last2=Sheth|first2=A.R.|last3=Rao|first3=Shanta S.|date=September 1983|title=Sialic acid, sialyltransferase and neuraminidase levels in maternal plasma, urine and lymphocytes during pregnancy and post-partum period — a longitudinal study in women|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0028224383902186|journal=European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology|language=en|volume=16|issue=1|pages=37–46|doi=10.1016/0028-2243(83)90218-6|pmid=6628818|url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''[[The Journal of Urology]],''<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Gunaga K.P.|last2=Sheth A.R.|last3=Rao Shanta S.|last4=Pardanani D.S.|date=1971-12-01|title=Effect of Testosterone Therapy on Some of the Constituents of Human Seminal Plasma|url=https://www.auajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)61436-8|journal=Journal of Urology|volume=106|issue=6|pages=920–922|doi=10.1016/S0022-5347(17)61436-8|pmid=5116315|url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Shastry|first1=Padma R.|last2=Hegde|first2=Umashashi C.|last3=Rao|first3=Shanta S.|date=September 1977|title=Use of Ficoll–sodium metrizoate density gradient to separate human X- and Y-bearing spermatozoa|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/269058a0|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=269|issue=5623|pages=58–60|doi=10.1038/269058a0|pmid=268490|bibcode=1977Natur.269...58S |s2cid=4150974|issn=1476-4687|url-access=subscription}}</ref> and ''[[Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences|Experientia]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sheth|first1=A. R.|last2=Rao|first2=Shanta S.|date=1959-08-01|title=Fructose and fructolysis in human semen determined chromatographically|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02158544|journal=Experientia|language=en|volume=15|issue=8|pages=314–316|doi=10.1007/BF02158544|pmid=14445920|s2cid=22846116|issn=1420-9071|url-access=subscription}}</ref> In 1960, she won the Shakuntala Devi Amirchand Prize in 1960.<ref name=":3" /> In 1963, she was one of the four Indian scientists to win the G. J. Watumull Memorial Prize, for her work in family planning.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1964-04-20|title=Watumull Awards Go to 4 in India|pages=8|work=The Honolulu Advertiser|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/63513407/watumull-awards-go-to-4-in-india/|access-date=2020-11-18|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=1964-04-20|title=4 Persons Selected for Watumull Awards|pages=29|work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/63513672/4-persons-selected-for-watumull-awards/|access-date=2020-11-18|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> In 1965, she won a grant from the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] to visit reproductive physiology laboratories in Europe and Israel.<ref>The Rockefeller Foundation. (1965) ''[https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/Annual-Report-1965-1.pdf Annual Report]''. 129 ("Grants: Problems of Population").</ref> In 1971, she won Bulgaria's Metchnikoff Medal.<ref name=":3" /><br />
<br />
== Personal life and legacy ==<br />
Rao died in 1979, aged 56 years, from [[leukemia]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=10 January 1980|title=Scientist|page=9|work=The Canadian India Times|url=https://newspapers.lib.sfu.ca/cit-510/page-9|access-date=17 November 2020|via=SFU Digitized Newspapers}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=1980|title=Obituary|url=http://www.cytoindia.com/IAC_%20Newsletters/IAC%20Newsletter%20Archives/1980%20Vol%201.pdf|journal=Indian Academy of Cytologists Newsletter|volume=5|pages=13}}</ref> There is a Shanta S. Rao Award given in her memory by the National Institute of Research in Reproductive Health.<ref name=":2" /> There is also a Dr. Shanta S. Rao Memorial Girls Hostel near the Institute for Research in Reproduction in Mumbai and in the year 2020 a auditorium was inaugurated by ICMR-NIRRCH Mumbai, is named after her.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Institute for Research in Reproduction (Indian Council of Medical Research) Mumbai|url=https://careerurl.com/institutes/institute-research-reproduction-indian-council-medical-research|access-date=2020-11-18|website=CareerURL}}</ref><br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
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{{Subject bar|portal1=Biography}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Shanta S.}}<br />
[[Category:1923 births]]<br />
[[Category:1979 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Indian medical researchers]]<br />
[[Category:University of Mumbai alumni]]<br />
[[Category:University of Toronto alumni]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=St._Thomas_Church,_Hisar&diff=537453St. Thomas Church, Hisar2025-05-04T16:49:35Z<p>KatherinSteger: made entry</p>
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<div>{{EngvarB|date=March 2014}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2014}}<br />
{{Infobox church<br />
|name = St. Thomas' Church<br />
|fullname = St. Thomas' Methodist Church<br />
|image = St. Thomas Church, Hisar.jpg<br />
|imagesize =<br />
|imagelink =<br />
|imagealt =<br />
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|caption = Entrance of the church<br />
<br />
|pushpin map = India Haryana<br />
|pushpin label position =<br />
|pushpin map alt =<br />
|pushpin mapsize =<br />
|map caption = Location in [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]], Haryana<br />
|coordinates = {{Coord|29|08|55|N|75|43|25|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}<br />
|osgraw = <!-- TEXT --><br />
|osgridref = <!-- {{gbmappingsmall|TEXT}} --><br />
|location = [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]], [[Haryana]]<br />
|country = [[India]]<br />
<br />
|denomination = [[Methodism|Methodist]]<br />
|previous denomination =<br />
|churchmanship = [[Anglican church|Anglican]]<br />
|membership =<br />
|attendance =<br />
|website = http://dioceseofdelhi.org/<br />
<br />
|former name =<br />
|bull date = 3 December 1860<br />
|founded date = {{start date|df=yes|1860|12|03}}<br />
|founder = [[George Edward Lynch Cotton]]<br />
|dedication = [[Thomas the Apostle]]<br />
|dedicated date = May 1864<br />
|consecrated date = 31 December 1865<br />
|cult = [[Thomas the Apostle]]<br />
|relics =<br />
|events =<br />
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|people =<br />
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|status = [[Church (building)|Church]]<br />
|functional status = Active<br />
|heritage designation = Historical Monument by [[INTACH]]<br />
|designated date =<br />
|architect =<br />
|architectural type =<br />
|style = [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]]<br />
|groundbreaking = 3 December 1860<br />
|completed date = May 1864<br />
|construction cost = INR 4500<br />
|closed date =<br />
|demolished date =<br />
|capacity = 40<br />
|length = {{convert|53|ft|m|abbr=on}}<br />
|width = {{convert|25|ft|m|abbr=on}}<br />
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|floor count = 1<br />
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|materials = Wood, tiles<br />
|bells = 1<br />
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|episcopalarea = Delhi Episcopal Area of The Methodist Church in India<br />
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|circuit =<br />
|district = [[Hisar (district)|Hisar]]<br />
|division =<br />
|subdivision =<br />
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|archbishop =<br />
|bishop = Bishop Subodh C Mondal<br />
|dean =<br />
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|viceprovost =<br />
|subdean =<br />
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|canonpastor =<br />
|canontreasurer =<br />
|succentor =<br />
|archdeacon =<br />
|prebendary =<br />
|rector =<br />
|vicar = Rev Isaac P. Mann District Superintendent<br />
|curate =<br />
|priestincharge = Rev Isaac P. Mann<br />
|priest =<br />
|asstpriest =<br />
|minister =<br />
|assistant =<br />
|honpriest =<br />
|deacon = Mrs. Rajni S. Mann & Ms Hephzibah Desai<br />
|seniorpastor =<br />
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|abbot =<br />
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|reader =<br />
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|logo = Logo of the United Methodist Church.svg<br />
|logosize =<br />
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|logoalt = Logo of [[Methodist Church in India]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
St. Thomas' Church is located in [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]] city of [[Haryana]], [[India]]. It is located in central part of Hisar near [[Hisar Junction railway station|railway station]]. It has been declared as a historical monument by [[Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage]]. The Church is dedicated to [[Thomas the Apostle|St. Thomas]], one of the 12 main disciples of [[Jesus Christ]].<ref name="hisar jano">{{cite web|url=http://www.hisarjano.com/sylabs.pdf|title=Hisar Jano|publisher=Jambh Shakti Trust|access-date=23 May 2012|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509034906/http://www.hisarjano.com/sylabs.pdf|archive-date=9 May 2024|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
{{Main|Saint Thomas Christians|Christianity in India|Methodism}}<br />
[[File:Tomb of St. Thomas in India.JPG|thumb|150px|The tomb of St. Thomas the Apostle in [[Mylapore]], [[India]].]]<br />
[[File:St. Thomas Church Plaque.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Plaque at St. Thomas Church, Hisar]]<br />
Thomas is traditionally believed to have sailed to India in AD 52 to spread the Christian faith, and is believed to have landed at the port of [[Muziris]], [[Tamilakam]] (modern-day [[North Paravur]] and [[Kodungalloor]] in modern-day [[Kerala]] state) where there was a [[Cochin Jews|Jewish community]] at the time.<ref name="Erwin Fahlbusch">[https://books.google.com/books?id=lZUBZlth2qgC&q=Muziris ''The Encyclopedia of Christianity, Volume 5''] by Erwin Fahlbusch. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing - 2008. p. 285. {{ISBN|978-0-8028-2417-2}}.</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/592851/Saint-Thomas|title=Saint Thomas|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=10 May 2015}}</ref><ref name="Orpa Slapak">[https://books.google.com/books?id=qhKGPprbQaYC&q=St.+Thomas ''The Jews of India: A Story of Three Communities''] by Orpa Slapak. The Israel Museum, Jerusalem. 2003. p. 27. {{ISBN|965-278-179-7}}.</ref> The port was destroyed in 1341 due to a massive flood that realigned the coasts. He is believed by the [[St Thomas Christian]] tradition to have established ''Ezharappallikal'' or ''[[Seven and Half Churches]]'' in Kerala. These churches are at Kodungallur, [[St. Thomas Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, Palayoor|Palayoor]], [[Kottakkavu Mar Thoma Syro-Malabar Pilgrim Church, North Paravur|Kottakkavu]] (Paravur), [[Kokkamangalam]], [[Niranam Church|Niranam]], Nilackal (Chayal), [[Kollam]] and [[Thiruvithamcode Arappally|Thiruvithamcode]] (half church).<ref name=ppn>[http://www.payyappilly.org/history History] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704231759/http://www.payyappilly.org/history/ |date=4 July 2015 }}, Payyappilly Palakkappilly Nasrani family</ref><br />
<br />
[[Methodism]] is a group of historically related [[Christian denomination|denominations]] of [[Protestantism|Protestant]] [[Christianity]] which derive their inspiration from the life and teachings of [[John Wesley]] (1703-1791). It originated as a [[Christian revival]] within the 18th-century [[Church of England]] and became a separate [[Christian Church]] after Wesley's death in 1791. Because of vigorous missionary activity, the movement spread throughout the [[British Empire]] including the [[british Raj]], the [[United States]], and beyond, today claiming approximately 80 million adherents worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |title=Member Churches |url=http://worldmethodistcouncil.org/about/member-churches/ |publisher=World Methodist Council |access-date=17 June 2013}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 1856, the Methodist Episcopal Church From America started mission in India. The [[Methodist Church in India]] began its work in 1856, when William Butler came from America. He selected Oudh and Rohilkhand as the field of effort, and being unable to secure a residence at Lucknow, began work at Bareilly. The first War of Independence broke up the work at Bareilly, but in 1858 Lucknow was occupied and Bareilly re-occupied and the work of the Mission started anew. and It was only in 1870, with the arrival of William Taylor, the famous evangelist, who led revival meetings in India that, Methodism became a national factor.<ref name=MC1>[http://dwfmembers.org/asia-pacific/india-methodist-deaconess-ministry-india/ Methodist Church in India - history]</ref><br />
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The proposal for building the Methodist church in Hisar was put up in 1860. Construction started on 3 December 1860 and was completed in May, 1864 at a cost of 4500 rupees. The church was [[Consecration|consecrated]] by [[George Edward Lynch Cotton]], [[Anglican Diocese of Calcutta|Bishop of Calcutta]] on 31 December 1865.<ref name="hisar jano">{{cite web|url=http://www.hisarjano.com/sylabs.pdf|title=Hisar Jano|publisher=Jambh Shakti Trust|access-date=23 May 2012|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509034906/http://www.hisarjano.com/sylabs.pdf|archive-date=9 May 2024|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Till 1899, the worship in the church was restricted to [[Christians]] only. The Church and accompanying graveyard were handed over to the Methodist Church in Southern Asia in 1950 by the [[Central Public Works Department, India]]. The centenary service was conducted by R. Rev. F. R. Willis, Bishop of [[Delhi]] on 8 January 1966.<br />
<br />
== Architecture ==<br />
The church is built in [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] style of architecture. The ceiling is covered with wooden panel. The main structure consists of an [[altar]], a [[baptistry]], a [[pulpit]] and two [[vestry|vestries]]. The pulpit of the church is adorned with velvet curtains.<ref name="hisar jano">{{cite web|url=http://www.hisarjano.com/sylabs.pdf|title=Hisar Jano|publisher=Jambh Shakti Trust|access-date=23 May 2012|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509034906/http://www.hisarjano.com/sylabs.pdf|archive-date=9 May 2024|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The floor of the church is made up of geometrical tiles. A graveyard is also located near the entrance of the church.<br />
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== Structures ==<br />
The main hall cover an area of 1325 square feet and can accommodate around 40 people. The walls of the hall are 2 feet thick. The bell is another feature of the church. It was made at [[Roorkee]] in 1874. The graveyard is located near the entrance to the church. It contains graves of the John Wedderburn, collector of [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]] and his family who were killed by the rebels during [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].<br />
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== Krantiman Park ==<br />
It is the oldest park in the city of Hisar and is a part of St. Thomas' Church Complex. It was built by [[East India Company]] and was then known as ''Company Bagh''. A memorial was built here in 1857 in the memory of John Wedderburn and other people killed during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]. In all 23 Europeans and Christians were murdered, 12 at Hissar and 11 at Hansi. There is a pillar with the names of the people killed on all sides. Due to the presence of pillar, the park was from then onwards known as ''Laat Bagh'' as ''Laat'' was the local word used for a pillar. The renovation of the park was done by Yudhvir Malik, [[Deputy Commissioner]]of Hisar in 1983. A bust of [[Chandra Shekhar Azad]] was erected in the park in 1984 and it was renamed as ''Krantiman Park''. The park was inaugurated by [[Bhajan Lal Bishnoi|Bhajan Lal]], [[Chief Minister of Haryana]] on 11 July 1984.<ref name="hisar jano">{{cite web|url=http://www.hisarjano.com/sylabs.pdf|title=Hisar Jano|publisher=Jambh Shakti Trust|access-date=23 May 2012|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509034906/http://www.hisarjano.com/sylabs.pdf|archive-date=9 May 2024|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br />
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== Administration ==<br />
The church was officially handed over by the Govt. of India to the Methodist Church in Southern Asia in 1950 but the [[archdiocese]] of [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]] and [[Anglican Church of India#Dioceses|Anglican Diocese of Delhi]] (now under ''Haryana Dioceses'' after its creation) also hold worship services in the Church. The Methodist District Superintendent & Pastor-in-charge is The Rev. Isaac P. Mann. It is a part of the denomination [[Methodist Church in India]]. The Resident & Presiding Bishop of the Methodist Church for Delhi Area is Bishop Subodh C. Mondal.<ref>Appointments as announced at the 32nd Regular Session of The Delhi Regional Conference and with effect from June !st, 2015.</ref> The [[archbishop]] of the [[archdiocese]] of [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]]is Metropolitan Job Mar Philoxenos and the CNI [[bishop]] is the Rt. Rev. Dr. Paul Swarup.<br />
<br />
==Nearby Attractions==<br />
[[File:Blackbuck_male_female.jpg|thumb|right|Blackbuck female deer]]<br />
[[File:Asparagus racemosus.JPG|thumb|right|Shatavar Endangered Ayurvedic Herb]]<br />
{{div col}}<br />
* [[Asigarh Fort]] at [[hansi]]<br />
* [[Kanwari#Primary Mounds: Kanwari-1 .26 Kanwari-2|Kanwari Indus Valley Mound]] at [[Kanwari]]<br />
* [[Tosham rock inscription]] at [[Tosham]]<br />
* [[Blue Bird Lake]] Hisar on [[National Highway 9 (India)|National Highway 9]] (NH9)<br />
* [[Deer Park, Hisar]] (Hindi: ''हिरण उद्यान, हिसार, हरयाणा'') on Dhansu Road<br />
* [[Shatavar Vatika Herbal Park, Hisar]] - it is next to ''Deer Park, Hisar''on Dhansu Road<br />
* [[Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology]] on [[National Highway 9 (India)|National Highway 9]] (NH9)<br />
* [[Firoz Shah Palace Complex|Feroze Shah's Palace And Fort]] with [[Gujri Mahal|Gujari Mahal]], [[Firoz Shah Palace Complex#Lat ki Masjid|Lat Ki Masjid & Ashokan Pillar]]<br />
* [[Krantiman Park]] with monument of British people who were killed during [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]<br />
* [[Hisar Airport]]<br />
{{div col end}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
{{div col}}<br />
* [[St. Thomas' Church (disambiguation)]]<br />
* [[Methodist Church in India]]<br />
* [[Church of North India]]<br />
* [[Christianity in India]]<br />
* [[Haryana Tourism]]<br />
* [[List of National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries of Haryana, India]]<br />
* [[List of Monuments of National Importance in Haryana]]<br />
* [[List of State Protected Monuments in Haryana]]<br />
* [[List of Indus Valley Civilization sites]] in [[Haryana]]<br />
* [[List of national parks of India]]<br />
* [[Wildlife sanctuaries of India]]<br />
{{div col end}}<br />
<br />
==Further reading==<br />
* Juneja, M.M. ''Hisar City: Places & Personalities'' 2004, Haryana: Modern Publishers, 744 pp.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://dioceseofdelhi.org/ Official website of Diocese of Delhi]<br />
<br />
{{ Hisar, India topics }}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Churches in Haryana]]<br />
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Hisar (city)]]<br />
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Hisar (city)]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sharankumar_Limbale&diff=451473Sharankumar Limbale2024-08-06T11:15:30Z<p>KatherinSteger: Improved wording and formatting</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Marathi writer}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox writer <!-- For more information see [[:Template:Infobox Writer/doc]]. --><br />
| name = <!-- Deleting this line will use the article title as the page name. --><br />
| image = <br />
| image_size = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| pseudonym = <br />
| birth_name = <br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1956|06|01}}<br />
| birth_place = <br />
| death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} --><br />
| death_place = <br />
| occupation = Writer, poet, literary critic<br />
| language = Marathi<br />
| nationality = Indian<br />
| education = <br />
| alma_mater = <br />
| period = <br />
| genre = [[Dalit literature]]<br />
| movement = <br />
| notableworks = {{plainlist|''[[Akkarmashi]] (1984)'' Towards an Aesthetics of Dalit Literature (2004)}}<br />
| spouse = Kusum<br />
| children = <br />
| influences = <br />
| influenced = <br />
| awards = Saraswati Samman<br />
| signature = <br />
| signature_alt = <br />
| website = <br />
| portaldisp = <br />
}}<br />
'''Sharankumar Limbale''' (born June 1, 1956) is a [[Marathi language]] author, poet and literary critic. He has penned more than 40 books. His best known work is his autobiography ''Akkarmashi'' published in 1984. ''Akkarmashi'' has been translated to several other Indian languages and English. The English translation has been published by the [[Oxford University Press]] with the title ''The Outcaste''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Limbale |first1=Sharankumar |title=The Outcaste |publisher=OUP |isbn=0195665481 |language=English| date=2003}}</ref><br />
<br />
His critical work ''Towards an Aesthetics of Dalit Literature'' (2004) is considered amongst the most important works on [[Dalit literature]].{{cn|date=July 2022}} It discusses how Dalit ''anubhava'' (experiences) should take precedence over ''anuman'' (speculation).<br />
<br />
==Life==<br />
Sharankumar Limbale was born on 1 June 1956 at Hennur village of Solapur district, in [[Maharashtra]]. He completed his MA in [[Marathi Language]] from Shivaji University, [[Kolhapur]]. After completing his MA, he did his Ph.D. on "Marathi Dalit Literature and American Black Literature – A Comparative Study".<br />
<br />
Limabale joined as an Assistant Editor in the Publications Department of Yashwantrao Chavan University of Maharashtra Open University, Nashik; later he retired as Professor and Director of this University.<ref>{{cite news |title=Novelist Sharankumar Limbale selected for Saraswati Samman '20 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/novelist-sharankumar-limbale-selected-for-saraswati-samman-20-101617150004198.html |access-date=11 September 2022 |work=Hindustan Times |date=31 March 2021 |archive-date=21 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220821092012/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/novelist-sharankumar-limbale-selected-for-saraswati-samman-20-101617150004198.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
== Awards and honours ==<br />
* [[Saraswati Samman]], 2020<ref>{{cite news |title=Novelist Sharankumar Limbale selected for Saraswati Samman '20 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/novelist-sharankumar-limbale-selected-for-saraswati-samman-20-101617150004198.html |access-date=11 September 2022 |work=Hindustan Times |date=31 March 2021 |archive-date=21 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220821092012/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/novelist-sharankumar-limbale-selected-for-saraswati-samman-20-101617150004198.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
* '''Akkarmashi''' (English translation: The Outcaste), 1984 -- His autobiography which was published when he was 25 years old. It is a critically acclaimed work considered a landmark in Dalit literature. <ref>{{cite web |last1=Sahasrabuddhe |first1=Vinay |title=Against 'award wapsi': What Marathi Dalit writer Sharankumar Limbale's acceptance of a prestigious literary prize says |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/award-wapsi-dalit-marathi-litterateur-writer-sharankumar-limbale-saraswati-samman-7383391/ |website=Indian Express |access-date=4 March 2023 |date=1 July 2021 |url-status=live |archive-date=4 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230304085337/https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/award-wapsi-dalit-marathi-litterateur-writer-sharankumar-limbale-saraswati-samman-7383391/ }}</ref><br />
* Udrek<br />
* Uplya<br />
* O<br />
* Gavkusabaheril katha<br />
* Jhund<br />
* Dangal<br />
* Dalit Aatmakatha - Ek Akalan<br />
* Dalit Brahman<br />
* Dalit Panther<br />
* Dalit Premkavita (literally meaning "Dalit Love Poems")<br />
* Dalit Brahman<br />
* Dalit Sahitya Aani Soundarya (literally meaning "Dalit Literature and Beauty")<br />
* Dalit Sahityache Soundaryashastra (literally meaning "The Aesthetics of Dalit Literature")<br />
* Punha Akkarmashi<br />
* '''Pradnyasurya'''-- Biography of Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar<br />
<br />
* Bahujan<br />
<br />
==Notes and references==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
Interview with Jaydeep Sarangi, JSL, 2012/13 (Autumn), JNU, New Delhi.<br />
<br />
{{Saraswati Samman}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Limbale, Sharankumar}}<br />
[[Category:1956 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Saraswati Samman Award]]<br />
[[Category:Marathi-language writers]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Maharashtra]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{India-writer-stub}}</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagla_Rama&diff=519948Nagla Rama2024-02-24T16:12:57Z<p>KatherinSteger: made stub</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Village in Uttar Pradesh, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}<br />
{{Infobox settlement<br />
| name = Nagla Rama<br />
| other_name = <br />
| nickname = <br />
| settlement_type = Village<br />
| image_skyline = <br />
| image_alt = <br />
| image_caption = <br />
| image_map = <br />
| map_caption = <br />
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh<br />
| pushpin_label_position = right<br />
| pushpin_map_alt = <br />
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|27.24663|N|78.79117|E|display=inline,title}}<br />
| subdivision_type = Country<br />
| subdivision_name = [[India]]<br />
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br />
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mainpuri district|Mainpuri]]<br />
| subdivision_type3 = [[Tehsil]]<br />
| subdivision_name3 = <br />
| established_title = <!-- Established --><br />
| established_date = <br />
| founder = <br />
| named_for = <br />
| government_type = <br />
| governing_body = <br />
| unit_pref = Metric<br />
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/><br />
| area_rank = <br />
| area_total_km2 = 3.333<br />
| elevation_footnotes = <br />
| elevation_m = <br />
| population_total = 1538<br />
| population_as_of = 2011<br />
| population_rank = <br />
| population_density_km2 = auto<br />
| population_demonym = <br />
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/><br />
| demographics_type1 = <br />
| demographics1_title1 = <br />
| demographics1_info1 = <br />
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| utc_offset1 = +5:30<br />
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]<br />
| postal_code = <br />
| registration_plate = <br />
| website = <br />
| footnotes = <br />
}}<br />
'''Nagla Rama''' ({{IAST|Naglā Rāmā}}) is a village in [[Ghiror]] block of [[Mainpuri district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]. As of 2011, it has a population of 1,538, in 254 households.<br />
<br />
== Demographics ==<br />
As of 2011, Nagla Rama had a population of 1,538, in 254 households.<ref name="Census 2011 A"/>{{rp|73}} This population was 54.4% male (837) and 45.6% female (701).<!-- Census 2011 B, p. 64 --> The 0-6 age group numbered 163 (89 male and 74 female), or 10.6% of the total population.<!-- Census 2011 B, p. 64 --> 124 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 8.1% of the total.<ref name="Census 2011 B">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part B (Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1259/download/4050/DH_2011_0917_PART_B_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|64–5}}<br />
<br />
The [[1981 Census of India|1981 census]] recorded Nagla Rama as having a population of 811 people, in 128 households.<ref name="Census 1981">{{cite book |title=Census 1981 Uttar Pradesh: District Census Handbook Part XIII-A: Village & Town Directory, District Mainpuri |date=1982 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/29484/download/32665/28516_1981_MAI.pdf |access-date=25 July 2023}}</ref>{{rp|130–1}}<br />
<br />
The [[1961 Census of India|1961 census]] recorded Nagla Rama as comprising 3 hamlets, with a total population of 538 people (255 male and 283 female), in 92 households and 82 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 823 acres.<ref name="Census 1961">{{cite book |title=Census 1961: District Census Handbook, Uttar Pradesh (24 - Mainpuri District) |date=1965 |location=Lucknow |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/28772/download/31954/22833_1961_MAI.pdf |access-date=25 December 2021}}</ref>{{rp|lxx}}<br />
<br />
== Infrastructure ==<br />
As of 2011, Nagla Rama did not have any schools or healthcare facilities.<!-- Census 2011 A, p. 73-4 --> Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there was at least one public toilet.<!-- Census 2011 A, p. 75 --> The village had a post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes.<!-- Census 2011 A, p. 76, 8 --> Streets were made of both ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#kachcha|kachcha]]'' and ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#pucca|pakka]]'' materials.<!-- Census 2011 A, p. 77 --><ref name="Census 2011 A">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1258/download/4046/DH_2011_0917_PART_A_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|73–8}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Mainpuri district}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Villages in Mainpuri district]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=2015%E2%80%9316_Syed_Mushtaq_Ali_Trophy_Group_A&diff=4538072015–16 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy Group A2023-12-29T21:20:06Z<p>KatherinSteger: expanded content</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Cricket tournament}}<br />
{{Infobox cricket tournament<br />
| name = 2015–16 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy Group A<br />
| image = <br />
| imagesize = <br />
| fromdate = 2 January 2016<br />
| todate = 10 January 2016<br />
| caption = <br />
| administrator = [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]]<br />
| cricket format = [[Twenty20 cricket]]<br />
| tournament format = [[Round-robin tournament|Round robin]]<br />
| host = Vidarbha<br />
| champions = <br />
| count = <br />
| participants = 7 <br />
| matches = 21<br />
| attendance = <br />
| most runs = <br />
| most wickets = <br />
| website = <br />
| previous_year =<br />
| previous_tournament =<br />
| next_year =<br />
| next_tournament =<br />
}}<br />
{{2015–16 Indian domestic cricket season}}<br />
<br />
'''2015–16 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy''' is the seventh season of the [[Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy]], a [[Twenty20 cricket|Twenty20]] cricket tournament in India. It is contested by 27 domestic cricket teams of India.<ref>[http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/series/901113.html Series home Espncricinfo]</ref> Group A consisted of Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Hyderabad, Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Haryana and Vidarbha.<br />
<br />
==Round 1==<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 2 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]<br />
| score1 = 185/4 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]]<br />
| score2 = 124 (16.2 overs)<br />
| result = Bengal won by 61 runs<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902089.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Pramod Chandila]] (Bengal); [[Jaweed Ali]], [[Mohammed Siraj]] and [[Kolla Sumanth]] (Hyderabad) all made their T20 debuts.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 2 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]<br />
| score1 = 151/6 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
| score2 = 152/5 (19.3 overs)<br />
| result = Himachal Pradesh won by 5 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902087.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 2 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Haryana cricket team|Haryana]]<br />
| score1 = 113 (19.1 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]<br />
| score2 = 116/1 (16 overs)<br />
| result = Tamil Nadu won by 9 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902091.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Rahul Dagar]], [[Mohit Hooda]], [[Rohit Sharma (cricketer, born 1993)|Rohit Sharma]] (Haryana); [[Murugan Ashwin]] and [[Jagatheesan Kousik]] (Tamil Nadu) all made their T20 debuts.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Round 2==<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 3 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]<br />
| score1 = 151/8 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]<br />
| score2 = 82 (15.5 overs)<br />
| result = Tamil Nadu won by 69 runs<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902115.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 3 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]<br />
| score1 = 174/7 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Vidarbha cricket team|Vidarbha]]<br />
| score2 = 114 (18.4 overs)<br />
| result = Gujarat won by 60 runs<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902111.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Rajneesh Gurbani]] and [[Akshay Karnewar]] (Vidarbha) both made their T20 debuts.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 3 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]]<br />
| score1 = 140/9 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
| score2 = 126/9 (20 overs)<br />
| result = Hyderabad won by 14 runs<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902113.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Round 3==<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 4 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]]<br />
| score1 = 131/7 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]<br />
| score2 = 134/7 (19.3 overs)<br />
| result = Gujarat won by 3 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902137.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Vishal Sharma (Hyderabad cricketer)|Vishal Sharma]] (Hyderabad) made his T20 debut.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 4 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Haryana cricket team|Haryana]]<br />
| score1 = 136/8 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Vidarbha cricket team|Vidarbha]]<br />
| score2 = 140/2 (19.3 overs)<br />
| result = Vidarbha won by 8 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902135.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 4 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]<br />
| score1 = 154/6 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
| score2 = 152/3 (20 overs)<br />
| result = Bengal won by 2 runs<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902139.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Anurag Tiwari]] (Bengal) made his T20 debut.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Round 4==<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 6 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]<br />
| score1 = 101 (19.1 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]<br />
| score2 = 104/2 (11.5 overs)<br />
| result = Gujarat won by 8 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902161.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Mukesh Kumar (cricketer)|Mukesh Kumar]] (Bengal) and [[Raxlee Taylor]] (Gujarat) both made their T20 debuts.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 6 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]]<br />
| score1 = 173/8 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Haryana cricket team|Haryana]]<br />
| score2 = 138/7 (20 overs)<br />
| result = Hyderabad won by 35 runs<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902159.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Chaitanya Bishnoi]] (Haryana) and [[Annabathula Akash]] (Hyderabad) both made their T20 debuts.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 6 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]<br />
| score1 = 150/8 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Vidarbha cricket team|Vidarbha]]<br />
| score2 = 154/3 (18.3 overs)<br />
| result = Vidarbha won by 7 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902163.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Round 5==<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 7 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]<br />
| score1 = 147/5 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Vidarbha cricket team|Vidarbha]]<br />
| score2 = 151/6 (19.2 overs)<br />
| result = Vidarbha won by 4 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902183.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 7 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]<br />
| score1 = 105 (19.4 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]<br />
| score2 = 111/1 (12.5 overs)<br />
| result = Tamil Nadu won by 9 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902185.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 7 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Haryana cricket team|Haryana]]<br />
| score1 = 122/9 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
| score2 = 123/8 (19.2 overs)<br />
| result = Himachal Pradesh won by 2 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902187.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Poonish Mehta]] (Haryana) made his T20 debut.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Round 6==<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 9 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]<br />
| score1 = 168/6 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
| score2 = 173/4 (16.5 overs)<br />
| result = Himachal Pradesh won by 6 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902211.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Bharath Shankar]] (Tamil Nadu) made his T20 debut.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 9 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]]<br />
| score1 = 139/7 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Vidarbha cricket team|Vidarbha]]<br />
| score2 = 142/5 (20 overs)<br />
| result = Vidarbha won by 5 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902207.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 9 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Haryana cricket team|Haryana]]<br />
| score1 = 127/3 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]<br />
| score2 = 110/8 (20 overs)<br />
| result = Haryana won by 17 runs<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/902209.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Round 7==<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 10 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Haryana cricket team|Haryana]]<br />
| score1 = 95 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]<br />
| score2 = 99/1 (6.4 overs)<br />
| result = Gujarat won by 9 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/902225.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Kuldeep Ghadvi]] (Gujarat) and [[Shamsher Yadav]] (Haryana) both made their T20 debuts.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 10 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]]<br />
| score1 = 140/8 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]<br />
| score2 = 141/6 (18.4 overs)<br />
| result = Tamil Nadu won by 4 wickets<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/902229.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = [[Himalay Agarwal]], [[Mehdi Hasan (cricketer, born 1990)|Mehdi Hassan]] (Hyderabad) and [[Abhishek Tanwar]] (Tamil Nadu) all made their T20 debuts.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 10 January 2016<br />
| team1 = [[Vidarbha cricket team|Vidarbha]]<br />
| score1 = 183/6 (20 overs)<br />
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
| score2 = 156 (19.5 overs)<br />
| result = Vidarbha won by 27 runs<br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/902227.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, 2015-16 Group A}}<br />
[[Category:2015 in Indian cricket]]<br />
[[Category:2016 in Indian cricket]]<br />
[[Category:Domestic cricket competitions in 2015–16]]<br />
[[Category:Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy seasons]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bharatpedia:WikiProject_Film/Indian_cinema_task_force/Invitation&diff=545248Bharatpedia:WikiProject Film/Indian cinema task force/Invitation2023-12-23T04:36:43Z<p>KatherinSteger: made a article</p>
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<div>{{tmbox|image=[[File:India film clapperboard (variant).svg|center|100px|link=Wikipedia:WikiProject Film/Indian cinema task force]]|text=Hello '''{{PAGENAME}}'''!, we are looking for editors to join '''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Film/Indian cinema task force|WikiProject Indian cinema task force]]''', a joint task force run between [[WP:FILMS|WikiProject Films]] and [[WP:IND|WikiProject India]] to ensure that [[Indian cinema]]-related articles on Wikipedia are written in an encyclopedic style, in a neutral manner using verifiable and reliable sources. We thought you might be interested, hoping that you will join us. Thanks!! {{smiley}}<br />
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{{center|'''[[WP:WikiProject Film/Indian cinema task force/Participants|Click here to add your name]]'''.}}<br />
}}<noinclude><br />
{{substituted}}<br />
[[Category:Indian cinema task force]]<br />
[[Category:WikiProject invitation templates|WikiProject Film/Indian cinema task force]]<br />
</noinclude></div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janki_Vasant&diff=505701Janki Vasant2023-12-20T08:50:56Z<p>KatherinSteger: created entry.</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Indian activist}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}<br />
'''Janki Vasant''' (born {{circa|1965}}) is an Indian activist. She received the 2016 [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]].<br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
Janki Vasant was born {{circa|1965}}. She was on board [[Pan Am Flight 73]] when it was hijacked in 1986.<ref name="FF">{{cite news |last1=Deshmukh |first1=Ashwini |title=Exclusive! Pan Am 73 survivors talk about Neerja Bhanot's brave act |url=https://www.filmfare.com/features/exclusive-pan-am-73-survivors-talk-about-neerja-bhanots-brave-act-12334.html |access-date=2 May 2022 |work=Filmfare |date=24 February 2016 |language=en |archive-date=20 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160620215118/http://www.filmfare.com/features/exclusive-pan-am-73-survivors-talk-about-neerja-bhanots-brave-act-12334.html |url-status=live }}</ref> She established the NGO Samvedana in 2003 aiming to help children living in [[slums]] to gain access to education and health services.<ref name="DNA">{{cite news |title=Sky is the limit for these slum kids: Samvedana is an NGO established 11 years back to uplift deprived children and educating them through non-formal education |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1530758031 |access-date=2 May 2022 |work=DNA Sunday |id=1530758031 |date=1 June 2014 |language=en |archive-date=2 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502135543/https://www.proquest.com/newspapers/sky-is-limit-these-slum-kids/docview/1530758031 |url-status=live }}</ref> Vasant began to work with inhabitants of slums in [[Ahmedabad]] and set up a school for 250 children which as well as education provided vaccinations, food and workshops.<ref name="NIE">{{cite news |title=The playway privilege |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/887271224 |access-date=2 May 2022 |work=The New Indian Express |id=887271224 |date=4 September 2011 |language=en |archive-date=2 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502135545/https://www.proquest.com/docview/887271224/821FBEED13AA4BCCPQ/11 |url-status=live }}</ref> She received the 2016 [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]] in recognition of her achievements.<ref name="CSR">{{cite news |title=Social worker Janki Vasant conferred Nari Shakti Puraskar by President |url=https://indiacsr.in/social-worker-janki-vasant-conferred-nari-shakti-puraskar-by-president/ |access-date=2 May 2022 |work=India CSR Network |date=11 March 2017 |archive-date=13 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313124607/http://indiacsr.in/social-worker-janki-vasant-conferred-nari-shakti-puraskar-by-president/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vasant, Janki}}<br />
<br />
{{Nari Shakti Puraskar}}<br />
[[Category:1960s births]]<br />
[[Category:People from Ahmedabad]]<br />
[[Category:Activists from Gujarat]]<br />
[[Category:Indian women activists]]<br />
[[Category:Nari Shakti Puraskar winners]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]</div>KatherinStegerhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seema_Antil&diff=548597Seema Antil2023-12-14T01:13:56Z<p>KatherinSteger: Made redirect</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Seema Punia]]<br />
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{{R from move}}</div>KatherinSteger