https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Jimmy6788 2026-08-02T06:57:58Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.43.6 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Poonamallee_Assembly_constituency&diff=525952 2026-05-08T14:45:15Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Put up.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|State Legislative Assembly Constituency in Tamil Nadu}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Poonamallee<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | state = [[Tamil Nadu]]<br /> | established = 1977<br /> | constituency_no = 5<br /> | map_image = Constitution-Poonamallee.svg<br /> | reservation = SC<br /> | mla = [[Prakasam. R.]]<br /> | party = {{Party index link|Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam}}<br /> | alliance = <br /> | latest_election_year = 2026<br /> | electors = 368,634 <br /> }}<br /> '''Poonamallee''' is a state assembly constituency in [[Tiruvallur district]] in [[Tamil Nadu]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/Const_map/map.htm |title= Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Constituency Map |website= Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly |access-date= 23 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Its State Assembly Constituency number is 5. The seat is [[reservation in India|reserved]] for candidates from the [[Scheduled Caste]]s. It comprises portions of [[Poonamallee taluk|Poonamallee]] and [[Thiruvallur taluk]]s and is a part of [[Thiruvallur Lok Sabha constituency]] for national elections to the [[Parliament of India]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Tamilnadu/Final%20Notification%20&amp;%20Order%20.pdf |title= Tamil Nadu - Final Notification &amp; Order |website= Delimitation Commission of India |publisher= National Informatics Centre |access-date= 25 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.<br /> <br /> == Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br /> Elections and winners in the constituency are listed below:<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> !Election<br /> !Name<br /> !colspan=2| Party<br /> |-<br /> | [[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br /> | [[D. Rajarathinam]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br /> | D. Rajarathinam<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1984]]<br /> | [[G. Ananthakrishna]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1989]]<br /> | [[T. R. Masilamani]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1991]]<br /> | [[D. Sudarsanam]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1996]]<br /> | D. Sudarsanam<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Tamil Maanila Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2001]]<br /> | [[S. Shanmugam]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Pattali Makkal Katchi}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2006]]<br /> | D. Sudarsanam<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2011]]<br /> | [[R. Manimaran (Poonamallee MLA)|R. Manimaran]]&lt;ref name=&quot;cnnibn&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Tamil Nadu Election Results|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tamilnadu-assembly-elections-result-2011/tamilnadu.cms|access-date=2011-05-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2016]]<br /> | [[T. A. Elumalai]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |publisher=Election Commission of India |title=2016 Tamil Nadu General Election: Constituency Data Summary |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2016/09-Constitutional%20Data%20Summarytamil.pdf |access-date=27 May 2016|page=5}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2019 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-elections|2019 by-election]]<br /> | [[A. Krishnaswamy]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2021]]<br /> | A. Krishnaswamy<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |-<br /> |2026<br /> |[[Prakasam. R.]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> {{bar box<br /> |float=right<br /> |title= Vote share of winning candidates<br /> |titlebar=#ddd<br /> |width=300px<br /> |barwidth=275px<br /> |bars=<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2026|2026]]|{{party color|Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam}}|52.22}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2021|2021]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|57.34}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2019 by-election|2019 by-election]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|53.46}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2016|2016]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|43.32}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2011|2011]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|54.59}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2006|2006]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|48.49}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2001|2001]]|{{party color|Pattali Makkal Katchi}}|37.51}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1996|1996]]|{{party color|Tamil Maanila Congress}}|53.20}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1991|1991]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|55.50}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1989|1989]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|48.11}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1984|1984]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|55.97}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1980|1980]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|48.83}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1977|1977]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|36.49}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> === 2026 ===<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2026 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[Prakasam. R.]]|party=Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam|votes=161309|percentage=52.22|change=''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[A. Krishnaswamy]]|party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes=88569|percentage=28.67|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[T. A. Elumalai]]|party=Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam|votes=43280|percentage=14.01|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Meghala|party=Naam Tamilar Katchi|votes=11697|percentage=3.79|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA|party=None of the above|votes=1571|percentage=0.51|change=}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=72740 |percentage= |change=}}<br /> {{Election box turnout|votes=308894|percentage=|change=}}<br /> {{Election box rejected|votes=|percentage=}}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors =368634 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam|loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2021===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Poonamallee Election Result|url= https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/tamil-nadu/-s22a005|access-date= 23 Jul 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[A. Krishnaswamy]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=149,578 |percentage=57.34% |change=+18.93 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[S. X. Rajamannar]] |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=55,468 |percentage=21.26% |change=+14.67 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Manimekalai |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=29,871 |percentage=11.45% |change=+10.38 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=J. Revathi Manimegalai |party=Makkal Needhi Maiam |votes=11,927 |percentage=4.57% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[T. A. Elumalai]]|party=Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=8,805 |percentage=3.38% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. C. Sathyamurthy |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=2,891 |percentage=1.11% |change=+0.25 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes=2,871 |percentage=1.10% |change=-0.26 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=94,110 |percentage=36.08% |change= 31.17% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=260,865 |percentage=72.89% |change= -3.12% }}<br /> {{Election box rejected|votes=275|percentage=0.11% }}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 357,874 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 14.02% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2019 by-election===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2019 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-elections]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Form 21E (Return of Election) |url=https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/ByeElection2019_Form21E/AC005.pdf |access-date=12 Feb 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223082921/https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/ByeElection2019_Form21E/AC005.pdf |archive-date=23 December 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |party = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<br /> |candidate = [[A. Krishnaswamy]]<br /> |votes = 1,36,905<br /> |percentage = 53.46<br /> |change = {{increase}}15.01<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<br /> |candidate = G. Vaithiyanathan<br /> |votes = 76,809<br /> |percentage = 29.99<br /> |change = {{decrease}}13.33<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Makkal Needhi Maiam<br /> |candidate = A. Jagadish Kumar<br /> |votes = 11,772<br /> |percentage = 4.60<br /> |change = {{increase}}4.60<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam<br /> |candidate = [[T. A. Elumalai]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=TTV announce AMMK first candidate list |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha-2019/ammk-releases-its-first-list-of-candidates-for-the-upcoming-lok-sabha-elections/article26559122.ece |access-date=30 March 2019 |publisher=The Hindu |date=17 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |votes = 14,804<br /> |percentage = 5.78<br /> |change = {{increase}}5.78<br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Naam Tamilar Katchi<br /> |candidate = P. Bharathi Priya<br /> |votes = 10,871<br /> |percentage = 4.24<br /> |change = {{increase}}3.17<br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above|None of the Above]]<br /> |votes = 3,168<br /> |percentage = 1.24<br /> |change = {{decrease}}0.12<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = 60,096<br /> |percentage = <br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = 2,56,109<br /> |percentage = 77.07<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link<br /> |winner = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<br /> |loser = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2016===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/TNLA2016/AC%20WISE%20CANDIDATE%20COUNT.pdf|access-date= 30 Apr 2022|archive-date= 30 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430083638/https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/TNLA2016/AC%20WISE%20CANDIDATE%20COUNT.pdf|title=Assembly wise Candidate Valid Votes count 2016, Tamil Nadu|website=www.elections.tn.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[T. A. Elumalai]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=103,952 |percentage=43.32% |change=-11.27 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[I. Paranthamen]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=92,189 |percentage=38.41% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=C. Parthasarathy |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=15,827 |percentage=6.59% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=D. Kandan |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=15,051 |percentage=6.27% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Amarnath |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=3,456 |percentage=1.44% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes=3,265 |percentage=1.36% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Ponnarasu |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=2,562 |percentage=1.07% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Vijayabalaji |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=2,066 |percentage=0.86% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=11,763 |percentage=4.90% |change= -17.91% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=239,987 |percentage=76.01% |change= -3.10% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 315,718 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -11.27% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2011===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report|url=http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf|title=Detailes Result 2011, Aseembly Election Tamil Nadu|work=Election Commission of Tamil Nadu|access-date=9 May 2021| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20170215085458/http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf| archive-date =15 February 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[R. Manimaran (Poonamallee MLA)|R. Manimaran]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=99,097 |percentage=54.59% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Kanchi G. V. Mathiazhagan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=57,678 |percentage=31.77% |change=-16.72 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[M. Jaganmoorthy]] |party=Puratchi Bharatham Katchi |votes=21,118 |percentage=11.63% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Murali |party=Independent politician |votes=2,022 |percentage=1.11% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Theinmathi |party=Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi |votes=1,616 |percentage=0.89% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=41,419 |percentage=22.82% |change= 15.30% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=181,531 |percentage=79.11% |change= 18.45% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 229,460 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 6.10% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2006===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = 2006 Election Statistical Report| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf| access-date = 12 May 2006| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007200819/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf| archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[D. Sudarsanam]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=98,920 |percentage=48.49% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Senguttuvan |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=83,590 |percentage=40.98% |change=+30.35 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=G. Chandrasekar |party=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |votes=15,711 |percentage=7.70% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. Manoharan |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=2,062 |percentage=1.01% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. G. Jothimani |party=Independent politician |votes=1,432 |percentage=0.70% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=15,330 |percentage=7.52% |change= 6.12% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=203,991 |percentage=60.67% |change= 6.52% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 336,248 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Pattali Makkal Katchi |swing= 10.98% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2001===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India|title = Statistical Report on General Election 2001|url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf|date = 12 May 2001 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006173934/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=S. Shanmugam |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=62,220 |percentage=37.51% |change=+29.97 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Chezhiyan |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=59,904 |percentage=36.12% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Moorthy |party=Puratchi Bharatham |votes=21,194 |percentage=12.78% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Andhridoss |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=17,628 |percentage=10.63% |change=-5.54 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=B. Ramaiah Naidu |party=Independent politician |votes=2,146 |percentage=1.29% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Ashokan |party=Independent politician |votes=1,827 |percentage=1.10% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=C. N. A. Gouthaman |party=Independent politician |votes=941 |percentage=0.57% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,316 |percentage=1.40% |change= -34.09% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=165,860 |percentage=54.14% |change= -7.27% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 306,344 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Pattali Makkal Katchi |loser=Tamil Maanila Congress |swing= -15.69% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1996===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = 1996 Election Statistical Report| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-TN96.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007221700/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-TN96.pdf| archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[D. Sudarsanam]] |party=Tamil Maanila Congress |votes=75,731 |percentage=53.20% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Krishnamoorthy |party=Indian National Congress |votes=25,220 |percentage=17.72% |change=-37.78 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Anarias @ Anthridoss |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=23,011 |percentage=16.17% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=E. Ravi |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=10,739 |percentage=7.54% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Ravi |party=Independent politician |votes=3,397 |percentage=2.39% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. G. Karunagaran |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=1,956 |percentage=1.37% |change=-0.14 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=50,511 |percentage=35.48% |change= 15.88% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=142,348 |percentage=61.42% |change= 1.95% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 243,536 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Tamil Maanila Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -2.30% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1991===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1991| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-Tamil%20Nadu91.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007161404/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-Tamil%20Nadu91.pdf| archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[D. Sudarsanam]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=68,392 |percentage=55.50% |change=+31.43 }}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[D. Rajarathinam]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=44,240 |percentage=35.90% |change=-12.2 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. K. Kothandan |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=7,544 |percentage=6.12% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Sampath |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=1,866 |percentage=1.51% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=24,152 |percentage=19.60% |change= -4.43% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=123,225 |percentage=59.46% |change= -7.81% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 212,565 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 7.40% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1989===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1989| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/StatisticalReportTamilNadu89.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006153620/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/StatisticalReportTamilNadu89.pdf| archive-date = 6 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=T. R. Masilamani |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=58,640 |percentage=48.11% |change=+6.93 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=G. Ananthakrishna |party=Indian National Congress |votes=29,345 |percentage=24.07% |change=-31.89 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Moorthy |party=Independent politician |votes=13,429 |percentage=11.02% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Goverdhanan |party=Independent politician |votes=8,932 |percentage=7.33% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Era. Kulasekaran |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=6,657 |percentage=5.46% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Murugesan |party=Independent politician |votes=1,678 |percentage=1.38% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Muruganandam |party=Independent politician |votes=813 |percentage=0.67% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Somusa |party=Independent politician |votes=790 |percentage=0.65% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=29,295 |percentage=24.03% |change= 9.24% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=121,900 |percentage=67.27% |change= 0.30% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 184,163 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -7.86% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1984===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1984| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1984/StatisticalReportTamilNadu84.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121208/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1984/StatisticalReportTamilNadu84.pdf| archive-date = 17 January 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=G. Anantha Krishna |party=Indian National Congress |votes=55,129 |percentage=55.97% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[D. Rajarathinam]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=40,562 |percentage=41.18% |change=-7.65 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Subramani |party=Independent politician |votes=1,150 |percentage=1.17% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Dilli |party=Independent politician |votes=589 |percentage=0.60% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Samuel Patrick |party=Independent politician |votes=502 |percentage=0.51% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=14,567 |percentage=14.79% |change= 0.55% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=98,506 |percentage=66.97% |change= 10.24% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 151,761 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 7.14% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1980===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1980| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006231656/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf| archive-date = 6 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[D. Rajarathinam]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=38,018 |percentage=48.83% |change=+12.34 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Sambandan |party=Gandhi Kamaraj National Congress |votes=26,930 |percentage=34.59% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Poovai P. Chinnasamy |party=Independent politician |votes=8,547 |percentage=10.98% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Moorthy |party=Independent politician |votes=2,246 |percentage=2.88% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=G. Thiruven Gadam |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=1,605 |percentage=2.06% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=T. Lakshmipathy Naidu |party=Independent politician |votes=514 |percentage=0.66% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=11,088 |percentage=14.24% |change= 7.52% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=77,860 |percentage=56.73% |change= 4.97% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 139,060 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 12.34% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1977===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Poonamallee&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1977| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007141448/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf | archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[D. Rajarathinam]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=26,552 |percentage=36.49% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Era Kulasekaran |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=21,659 |percentage=29.76% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=J. Madan Raj |party=Janata Party |votes=16,660 |percentage=22.89% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Palapandvan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,357 |percentage=10.11% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,893 |percentage=6.72% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=72,774 |percentage=51.76% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 143,250 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box new seat win |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> * {{cite web|url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp|title= Statistical reports of assembly elections|access-date= 8 July 2010|publisher= Election Commission of India|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101005110118/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp|archive-date= 5 October 2010}}<br /> <br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu}}<br /> {{coord|13.048|80.094|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu]]<br /> [[Category:Tiruvallur district]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Tamil Nadu]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1977]]<br /> [[Category:1977 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madurai_East_Assembly_constituency&diff=514583 2026-05-08T13:07:12Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|One of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India}}<br /> {{coord|9.9281247|77.9747348|display=title|format=dms}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | constituency_no = 189<br /> | map_image = Constitution-Madurai East.svg<br /> | established = 1957<br /> | district = [[Madurai district|Madurai]]<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Madurai Lok Sabha constituency|Madurai]]<br /> | state = [[Tamil Nadu]]<br /> | party = {{Party index link|Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam}}<br /> | mla = [[S. Karthikeyan]]<br /> | latest_election_year = 2026<br /> | name = Madurai East<br /> | electors = 336,527 <br /> | reservation = None<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Madurai East''' is a [[Legislature of Tamil Nadu|legislative assembly]] constituency in the [[India]]n state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. Election results from this constituency are listed below. For the [[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]], Madurai East was one of 17 assembly constituencies to use [[voter-verified paper audit trail]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/ec-to-tighten-grip-on-cash-for-votes/article8225776.ece|title=EC to tighten grip on cash for votes|website=[[The Hindu]] |date=11 February 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/20000-personnel-to-be-deployed-for-election-work/article8316763.ece | title= 20,000 personnel to be deployed for election work | date=5 March 2016 | newspaper=The Hindu | access-date=29 October 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Members of Legislative Assembly ==<br /> === Madras State ===<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;70%&quot;<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot;|Year<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot; |Assembly<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot;|Winner<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Party<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot; |Tenure<br /> |-<br /> |[[1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1957]]<br /> |[[2nd Madras Assembly|2nd]]<br /> |rowspan=2|P. K. R. Lakshmi Kanthan<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<br /> |1957–1962<br /> |-<br /> |[[1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1962]]<br /> |[[3rd Madras Assembly|3rd]]<br /> |1962–1967<br /> |-<br /> |[[1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br /> |[[4th Madras Assembly|4th]]<br /> |[[K. P. Janakiammal]]<br /> | {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}<br /> | [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]<br /> |1967–1971<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Tamil Nadu ===<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;70%&quot;<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot;|Year<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot;|Assembly<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot;|Winner<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Party<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#666666; color:white&quot; |Tenure<br /> |-<br /> |[[1971 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1971]]<br /> |[[5th Tamil Nadu Assembly|5th]]<br /> |[[K. S. Ramakrishnan]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |1971–1977<br /> |-<br /> |[[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br /> |6th<br /> |[[N. Sankariah]]<br /> | {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}<br /> | [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]<br /> |1977–1980<br /> |-<br /> |[[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br /> |7th<br /> |N. Sankariah<br /> | {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}<br /> | [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]<br /> |1980–1984<br /> |-<br /> |[[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1984]]<br /> |8th<br /> |[[K. Kalimuthu]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |1984–1989<br /> |-<br /> |[[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1989]]<br /> |9th<br /> |S. R. Eradha (Leader of the Opposition)<br /> | {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |1989–1991<br /> |-<br /> |[[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1991]]<br /> |10th<br /> |[[O. S. Amarnath]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |1991–1996<br /> |-<br /> |[[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1996]]<br /> |11th<br /> |[[V. Velusamy]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |1996–2001<br /> |-<br /> |[[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2001]]<br /> |[[12th Tamil Nadu Assembly|12th]]<br /> |[[N. Nanmaran]]<br /> | {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}<br /> | [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]<br /> |2001–2006<br /> |-<br /> |[[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2006]]<br /> |[[13th Tamil Nadu Assembly|13th]]<br /> |N. Nanmaran<br /> | {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}<br /> | [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]<br /> |2006–2011<br /> |-<br /> |[[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2011]]<br /> |[[14th Tamil Nadu Assembly|14th]]<br /> |[[K. Tamilarasan]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |2011–2016<br /> |-<br /> |[[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2016]]<br /> |[[15th Tamil Nadu Assembly|15th]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| [[P. Moorthy]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|rowspan=2}}<br /> |2016–2021<br /> |-<br /> | [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2021]]<br /> | [[16th Tamil Nadu Assembly|16th]]<br /> | 2021-2026<br /> |-<br /> | [[2026 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2026]]<br /> | [[17th Tamil Nadu Assembly|17th]]<br /> | [[S. Karthikeyan]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam}}<br /> | Incumbent<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> {{bar box<br /> |float=right<br /> |title= Vote share of winning candidates<br /> |titlebar=#ddd<br /> |width=300px<br /> |barwidth=275px<br /> |bars=<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2026|2026]]|{{party color|Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam}}|43.74}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2021|2021]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|51.59}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2016|2016]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|50.62}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2011|2011]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|55.29}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2006|2006]]|{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}|38.20}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#2001|2001]]|{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}|43.29}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1996|1996]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|46.24}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1991|1991]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|64.00}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1989|1989]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|48.88}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1984|1984]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|51.08}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1980|1980]]|{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}|49.35}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1977|1977]]|{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}|33.45}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1971|1971]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|44.13}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1967|1967]]|{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}|50.32}}<br /> {{bar percent|[[#1962|1962]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|48.11}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> === 2026 ===<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2026 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai (East)}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate= S. Karthikeyan|party=Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam |votes= 1,18,777 |percentage= 43.74|change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. Moorthy]]|party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes= 1,02,230|percentage=37.64 |change={{decrease}}13.95 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate= Mankulam K. Mahendran|party=AIADMK|votes= 31,016 |percentage= 11.42 |change={{decrease}}19.32}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Selvam |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes= 13,629|percentage= 5.02|change={{decrease}}2.41 }}<br /> <br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes= 1,177|percentage= 0.43|change={{decrease}}0.39 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=16,547 |percentage=6.09 |change={{decrease}}14.76}}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=2,71,566 |percentage= |change=}}<br /> {{Election box rejected|votes=|percentage= }}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors =3,30,993 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam|loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing={{increase}}43.74 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2021 ===<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. Moorthy]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=122,729 |percentage=51.59% |change=+0.97 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Gopalakrishnan |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=73,125 |percentage=30.74% |change=-4.6 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=J. Latha |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=17,668 |percentage=7.43% |change=+5.89 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=I. Muthukrishnan |party=Makkal Needhi Maiam |votes=11,993 |percentage=5.04% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=T. Saravanan |party=Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=6,729 |percentage=2.83% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate|candidate=None of the above |party=None of the above |votes=1,944 |percentage=0.82% |change=-0.7 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Balamurugan |party=Puthiya Tamilagam |votes=1,755 |percentage=0.74% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=49,604 |percentage=20.85% |change=5.57% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=237,892 |percentage=72.31% |change= -2.48% }}<br /> {{Election box rejected|votes=53 |percentage=0.02% }}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 328,990 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 0.97% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2016 ===<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/TNLA2016/AC%20WISE%20CANDIDATE%20COUNT.pdf |access-date= 30 Apr 2022 |archive-date= 30 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430083638/https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/TNLA2016/AC%20WISE%20CANDIDATE%20COUNT.pdf |title=Assembly wise Candidate Valid Votes count 2016, Tamil Nadu|website=www.elections.tn.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. Moorthy]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=108,569 |percentage=50.62% |change=+11.32 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Pandi |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=75,797 |percentage=35.34% |change=-19.95 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Kalithasan |party=Communist Party of India |votes=11,599 |percentage=5.41% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Suseendran |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=6,181 |percentage=2.88% |change=+1.39 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Sengannan |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=3,296 |percentage=1.54% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate|candidate=None of the above |party=None of the above |votes=3,246 |percentage=1.51% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Alaguraja |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=1,113 |percentage=0.52% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=32,772 |percentage=15.28% |change=-0.71% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=214,473 |percentage=74.79% |change= -2.39% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 286,766 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -4.67% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2011 ===<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report|url=http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf|title=Detailes Result 2011, Aseembly Election Tamil Nadu |work=Election Commission of Tamil Nadu|access-date=9 May 2021 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20170215085458/http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf | archive-date =15 February 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Tamilarasan]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=99,447 |percentage=55.29% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. Moorthy]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=70,692 |percentage=39.30% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Srinivasan |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=2,677 |percentage=1.49% |change=-0.14 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Govindaraj |party=Independent politician |votes=2,287 |percentage=1.27% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. G. Gnanasekaran |party=Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi |votes=1,008 |percentage=0.56% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Dhavamani |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=929 |percentage=0.52% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=28,755 |percentage=15.99% |change=15.93% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=233,061 |percentage=77.18% |change= 6.34% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 179,869 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= 17.09% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2006===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India | title = 2006 Election Statistical Report | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf | access-date = 12 May 2006 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007200819/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf | archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[N. Nanmaran]] |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=36,383 |percentage=38.20% |change=-5.09 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[M. Boominathan]] |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=36,332 |percentage=38.15% |change=+35.64 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Dhamodharan |party=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |votes=18,632 |percentage=19.56% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. P. Prabakaran |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=1,553 |percentage=1.63% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. Subbaiah |party=All India Forward Bloc |votes=655 |percentage=0.69% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=L. Thangavel |party=Independent politician |votes=654 |percentage=0.69% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=51 |percentage=0.05% |change=-7.02% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=95,244 |percentage=70.84% |change= 15.92% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 134,455 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= -5.09% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2001===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India |title = Statistical Report on General Election 2001 |url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf |date = 12 May 2001 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006173934/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[N. Nanmaran]] |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=32,461 |percentage=43.29% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[V. Velusamy]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=27,157 |percentage=36.22% |change=-10.02 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. L. Vasu |party=Independent politician |votes=11,837 |percentage=15.79% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[M. Boominathan]] |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=1,878 |percentage=2.50% |change=-2.12 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Jarina Begam |party=Janata Party |votes=586 |percentage=0.78% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. C. Kamaraj |party=Janata Dal (United) |votes=507 |percentage=0.68% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=5,304 |percentage=7.07% |change=-15.53% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=74,980 |percentage=54.92% |change= -6.84% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 136,526 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -2.94% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1996===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India | title = 1996 Election Statistical Report | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-TN96.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007221700/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-TN96.pdf | archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[V. Velusamy]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=39,478 |percentage=46.24% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=T. R. Janardhanan |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=20,181 |percentage=23.64% |change=-40.36 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. L. Vasu |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=14,915 |percentage=17.47% |change=+10.04 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Muniyandi |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=3,946 |percentage=4.62% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=J. Jebathurai |party=Janata Party |votes=3,586 |percentage=4.20% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Ramachandran |party=All India Indira Congress (Tiwari) |votes=1,596 |percentage=1.87% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=19,297 |percentage=22.60% |change=-15.65% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=85,381 |percentage=61.76% |change= 5.76% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 143,887 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -17.76% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1991===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India | title = Statistical Report on General Election 1991 | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-Tamil%20Nadu91.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007161404/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-Tamil%20Nadu91.pdf | archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=O. S. Amarnath |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=50,336 |percentage=64.00% |change=+15.12 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. M. Kumar |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=20,248 |percentage=25.74% |change=-7.06 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. V. Seshachario |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=5,841 |percentage=7.43% |change=+6.44 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Ali Akbar |party=TMUL |votes=1,465 |percentage=1.86% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=30,088 |percentage=38.26% |change=22.18% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=78,650 |percentage=56.00% |change= -10.53% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 142,993 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 15.12% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1989===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India | title = Statistical Report on General Election 1989 | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/StatisticalReportTamilNadu89.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006153620/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/StatisticalReportTamilNadu89.pdf | archive-date = 6 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[S. R. Eradha]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=40,519 |percentage=48.88% |change=-2.2 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[N. Sankaraiah]] |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=27,196 |percentage=32.81% |change=-10.9 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. K. Ramakrishnan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=12,778 |percentage=15.42% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=T. R. Gopalan |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=817 |percentage=0.99% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=13,323 |percentage=16.07% |change=8.70% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=82,892 |percentage=66.53% |change= -5.73% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 126,225 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -2.20% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1984===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India | title = Statistical Report on General Election 1984 | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1984/StatisticalReportTamilNadu84.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121208/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1984/StatisticalReportTamilNadu84.pdf | archive-date = 17 January 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Kalimuthu]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=43,210 |percentage=51.08% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. M. Kumar |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=36,972 |percentage=43.71% |change=-5.64 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=J. S. Krishnan |party=Independent politician |votes=1,663 |percentage=1.97% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Brinda Janardhanan |party=Independent politician |votes=879 |percentage=1.04% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=O. K. (Obula) Lakshmanan |party=Indian National Congress (Jagjivan) |votes=638 |percentage=0.75% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=6,238 |percentage=7.37% |change=-0.58% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=84,590 |percentage=72.26% |change= 15.24% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 120,711 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= 1.74% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1980===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India | title = Statistical Report on General Election 1980 | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006231656/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf | archive-date = 6 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[N. Sankaraiah]] |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=36,862 |percentage=49.35% |change=+15.9 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. A. Ramamoorthy |party=Indian National Congress |votes=30,923 |percentage=41.40% |change=+10.68 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. S. Ramamoorthy |party=Janata Party |votes=5,647 |percentage=7.56% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=O. K. (Obula) Lakshmanan |party=Independent politician |votes=382 |percentage=0.51% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=5,939 |percentage=7.95% |change= 5.21% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=74,701 |percentage=57.02% |change= -2.03% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 132,153 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= 15.90% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1977===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India | title = Statistical Report on General Election 1977 | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007141448/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf | archive-date = 7 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[N. Sankaraiah]] |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=24,263 |percentage=33.45% |change=+23.76 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. G. Subbraman |party=Indian National Congress |votes=22,278 |percentage=30.71% |change=-9.6 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. V. Seshachari |party=Janata Party |votes=15,629 |percentage=21.55% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. R. Sankaran |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=9,644 |percentage=13.29% |change=-30.84 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. V. Siddha |party=Independent politician |votes=508 |percentage=0.70% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,985 |percentage=2.74% |change= -1.08% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=72,539 |percentage=59.04% |change= -12.79% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 123,951 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -10.69% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1971===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1971 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India | title = Statistical Report on General Election 1971 | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_TN_71.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006131227/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_TN_71.pdf | archive-date = 6 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=K. S. Rama Krishnan |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=27,884 |percentage=44.13% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=L. K. T. Muthuram |party=Indian National Congress |votes=25,472 |percentage=40.32% |change=+2.89 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Veera Badhran |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=6,118 |percentage=9.68% |change=-40.64 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. K. Balakrishnan |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes=3,707 |percentage=5.87% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,412 |percentage=3.82% |change= -9.08% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=63,181 |percentage=71.83% |change= -7.28% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 92,937 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= -6.19% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1967===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web| last = Election Commission of India|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf |title= Statistical Report on General Election 1967 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320175222/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf |archive-date=20 March 2012 |access-date= 19 April 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. P. Janakiammal]] |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=32,173 |percentage=50.32% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. G. Subburaman |party=Indian National Congress |votes=23,929 |percentage=37.43% |change=-10.69 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. V. Seshachari |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes=7,396 |percentage=11.57% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=8,244 |percentage=12.89% |change= 0.50% }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=63,936 |percentage=79.11% |change= 1.96% }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 82,764 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 2.21% }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===1962===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Madurai East&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India |title=Statistical Report on General Election 1962 |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf |access-date= 19 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127201143/https://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf |archive-date=27 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=P. K. R. Lakshmi Kantham |party=Indian National Congress |votes=36,679 |percentage=48.11% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[N. Sankaraiah]] |party=Communist Party of India |votes=27,228 |percentage=35.72% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Ramu Servai |party=Swatantra Party |votes=7,404 |percentage=9.71% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Ramia Seshachari |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes=4,922 |percentage=6.46% |change= ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=9,451 |percentage=12.40% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=76,233 |percentage=77.15% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 101,097 |change = }}<br /> {{Election box new seat win |winner=Indian National Congress |loser= |swing= }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> * {{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp |title=Statistical reports of assembly elections |access-date=8 July 2010 |publisher=Election Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005110118/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp |archive-date=5 October 2010 }}<br /> <br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu]]<br /> [[Category:Madurai]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Madurai]]<br /> [[Category:Government of Madurai]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1957]]<br /> [[Category:1957 establishments in Madras State]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Channohalli&diff=493542 2026-05-07T15:08:20Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Adding A Stub W/ Sources</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Channohalli<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | elevation_footnotes = <br /> | elevation_m = <br /> | population_total = <br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_rank = <br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym = <br /> | population_footnotes = <br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | governing_body = Nelamangala Poursabha<br /> | demographics_type1 = Languages<br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = &lt;!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --&gt;<br /> | postal_code = 562127<br /> | registration_plate = <br /> | blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city<br /> | blank1_info_sec1 = Bengaluru<br /> | blank2_name_sec1 = Civic agency<br /> | blank2_info_sec1 = Village Panchayat<br /> | website = <br /> | area_footnotes = <br /> | area_rank = <br /> | area_total_km2 = <br /> | demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]<br /> | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|13.2596776|N|77.2476997|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | nickname = <br /> | settlement_type = Village<br /> | image_skyline = <br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_caption = <br /> | pushpin_map = India Karnataka#India<br /> | pushpin_label_position = right<br /> | pushpin_map_alt = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India<br /> | government_type = <br /> | native_name = <br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]<br /> | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br /> | subdivision_name2 = [[Bengaluru North district|Bengaluru North]]<br /> | established_title = &lt;!-- Established --&gt;<br /> | established_date = <br /> | founder = <br /> | named_for = <br /> | parts_type = [[Taluk]]s<br /> | parts = Nelamangala<br /> | native_name_lang = <br /> | other_name = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> '''Channohalli''' is a village in the southern state of [[Karnataka]], [[India]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/Listofvillagesandtowns.aspx|access-date=2021-08-02|website=censusindia.gov.in|series=Village code- 624736}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Channohalli · Karnataka 562127, India|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Channohalli,+Karnataka+562127/@13.0976349,77.2329152,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x3bae2c58173cfbf3:0x5c84f9d31a821775!8m2!3d13.0997169!4d77.2433891?shorturl=1|access-date=2021-08-02|website=Channohalli · Karnataka 562127, India|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is located in the [[Nelamangala]] [[taluk]] of [[Bengaluru North district]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Village &amp; Panchayats {{!}} Bangalore Rural District, Government of Karnataka {{!}} India|url=https://bangalorerural.nic.in/en/village-panchayats/|access-date=2021-08-02|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> == Demographics ==<br /> Channohalli had population of 222 of which 108 are males while 114 are females as per report released by Census India 2011.&lt;ref name=Census75&gt;https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2929_PART_B_DCHB_BANGALORE%20RURAL.pdf Page- 75&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Geography ==<br /> The total geographical area of village is 83.35 hectares.&lt;ref name=Census75 /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Bus route from Bengaluru City ==<br /> [[Yeswanthpur|Yeshwantapura]] - [[Nelamangala]] - [[Dobbaspet|Dabbaspete]]<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> * [[Nijagal Kempohalli]]<br /> * [[Bengaluru North district]]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> *{{cite web|url=https://bangalorerural.nic.in/en/|title=Bangalore Rural District, Government of Karnataka &amp;#124; City of Silk production &amp;#124; India|website=bangalorerural.nic.in|access-date=2021-08-02}}<br /> <br /> {{Settlements in Bangalore Rural district}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Villages in Bangalore Rural district]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{BengaluruNorth-geo-stub}}</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kakkidippuram&diff=507516 2026-05-02T08:26:22Z

<p>Jimmy6788: created the pg first draft</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}<br /> <br /> '''Kakkidippuram''' is a small village in [[Kerala]], composed of WARD 2 &amp; 3 of [[Alamkod, Edappal|Alamcode]] panchayath of [[Malappuram]] [[District]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.keralatourism.org/routes-locations/kakkidippuram/id/5049|title=Kakkidippuram, Alangodu Panchayat, Malappuram District, Kerala, India - Kerala Tourism|publisher=|accessdate=28 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Education==<br /> <br /> This small village has the following educational organizations:<br /> * Kumara Vilasam Upper Primary School<br /> * Al Falah LP School.<br /> * Al Falah English Medium School<br /> * Smskruthi English School<br /> * Grid tie solar [[changaramkulam]]<br /> <br /> ==Culture==<br /> This village is a predominantly Muslim populated area. Hindus exist in comparatively smaller numbers. So the culture of the locality is based upon Muslim traditions. [[Duff muttu|Duff Muttu]], [[Kolkali]] and [[Aravana]]muttu are common folk arts of this locality. There are many libraries attached to mosques giving a rich source of Islamic studies. Most of the books are written in [[Arabi Malayalam|Arabi-Malayalam]] which is a version of the [[Malayalam]] language written in [[Arabic script]]. People gather in mosques for the evening prayer and continue to sit there after the prayers discussing social and cultural issues. Business and family issues are also sorted out during these evening meetings. The Hindu minority of this area keeps their rich traditions by celebrating various festivals in their temples. Hindu rituals are done here with a regular devotion like other parts of Kerala.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.malappuram.net/art-and-culture.htm |title=Malappuram News, Malappuram District Map, Malappuram Muslim, Malappuram Hospitals, Malappuram College, Malappuram Directory |accessdate=2016-07-14 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401052519/http://malappuram.net/art-and-culture.htm |archivedate=2016-04-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Transport==<br /> This village connects to other parts of India through [[Kuttippuram]] town. National highway No.66 passes through [[Edappal]] and the northern stretch connects to [[Goa]] and [[Mumbai]]. The southern stretch connects to [[Cochin]] and [[Trivandrum]]. National Highway No.966 connects to [[Palakkad]] and [[Coimbatore]]. The nearest airport is at [[Kozhikode Airport|Kozhikode]]. The nearest major railway station is at [[Kuttippuram]].<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Malappuram district}}<br /> {{coord|10.7624|76.0448|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Villages in Malappuram district]]<br /> [[Category:Kuttippuram area]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rabi_Bhattacharya&diff=527851 2026-04-29T21:52:24Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Pg</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian mathematician}}<br /> {{Infobox scientist<br /> | name = Rabindra N. Bhattacharya<br /> | image = RabiNBhattacharya.jpg<br /> | image_size =<br /> | caption =<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1937|01|11|df=yes}}<br /> | birth_place =<br /> | residence =<br /> | citizenship =<br /> | nationality =<br /> | death_date =<br /> | death_place =<br /> | fields = [[Mathematics]] &lt;br /&gt; [[Statistics]]<br /> | workplaces = [[University of California, Berkeley]] &lt;br /&gt; [[University of Arizona]] &lt;br /&gt;[[Indiana University Bloomington|Indiana University]]<br /> | education = [[Presidency College Calcutta|Presidency College]]&lt;br&gt;[[Calcutta University]]&lt;br&gt;[[University of Chicago]]<br /> | doctoral_advisor = [[Patrick Billingsley]]<br /> | doctoral_students =<br /> | notable_students =<br /> | known_for =<br /> | awards = [[Humboldt Prize]] (1993) &lt;br /&gt; [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] (2000)<br /> | thesis_title = Berry-Esseen Bounds for the Multi-Dimensional Central Limit Theorem<br /> | thesis_year = 1967<br /> | website = {{URL|http://math.arizona.edu/~rabi/}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Rabindra Nath Bhattacharya''' (born January 11, 1937) is a mathematician/statistician at the [[University of Arizona]]. He works in the fields of probability theory and theoretical statistics where he has made fundamental contributions to long-standing problems in both areas. He is married to Bithika Gouri Bhattacharya, with a daughter, a son, and four grandchildren.<br /> <br /> == Early life and education ==<br /> <br /> Bhattacharya was born January 11, 1937, in his ancestral home Porgola, [[Barisal District]], in the present country of Bangladesh. He received his [[B.S.]] and [[M.S.]] degree in 1956 and 1959 respectively from [[Presidency College Calcutta|Presidency College]] and [[Calcutta University]]. He completed his [[Ph.D.]] under direction of [[Patrick Billingsley]] at the [[University of Chicago]] in 1967.<br /> <br /> == Academic career ==<br /> His first academic position was as assistant professor in the Department of Statistics at the [[University of California, Berkeley]]. In 1972, he accepted a position as associate professor in the Department of Mathematics at the [[University of Arizona]] in Tucson, and was promoted to full professor in 1977. In 1982, he moved to [[Indiana University Bloomington|Indiana University]], where he remained until his retirement in 2002. Upon retirement from [[Indiana University]], he was re-appointed as a tenured full professor at the [[University of Arizona]], retiring in May, 2018.<br /> <br /> == Awards and honors ==<br /> Bhattacharya has received many awards and honors, including Special Invited Papers in the [[Annals of Probability]] (1977) and the [[Annals of Applied Probability]] (1999). He is a Fellow of the [[Institute of Mathematical Statistics]] (1978). In 1988, he and [[:de:Manfred Denker|M. Denker]] were invited by the German Mathematical Society to give DMV Seminar, Band 14, published by Birkhäuser as ″Asymptotic Statistics″.&lt;ref name=&quot;monograph1&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Bhattacharya |first1=Rabi |last2=Denker |first2=Manfred |title=Asymptotic Statistics |date=1990 |publisher=Birkhäuser Basel |isbn=978-3-0348-9964-2 |doi=10.1007/978-3-0348-9254-4 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He received the prestigious [[Humboldt Prize]] (1993) and the [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] (2000). He also gave an invited talk, now referred to as a Medallion Lecture&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=List of Repecients of Medallion Lectures |url=https://www.imstat.org/ims-special-lectures/honored-special-lecturers-recipient-list/ |access-date=2018-07-19 |archive-date=2018-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702121945/https://www.imstat.org/ims-special-lectures/honored-special-lecturers-recipient-list/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; at the [[Institute of Mathematical Statistics|IMS]] Annual Meeting in Chicago (1996).<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://math.arizona.edu/~rabi/ Bhattacharya's web page at University of Arizona]<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Bhattacharya, Rabi}}<br /> [[Category:1937 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Fellows of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics]]<br /> [[Category:University of Arizona faculty]]<br /> [[Category:University of Chicago alumni]]<br /> [[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]<br /> [[Category:Presidency University, Kolkata alumni]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian statisticians]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draupadeyas&diff=497705 2026-04-28T18:51:29Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Sons of Pandavas and Draupadi in the Hindu epic Mahabharata}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}<br /> <br /> '''''Draupadeyas''''' ({{langx|sa|द्रौपदेयाः|draupadeyāḥ|sons of Draupadi}}) is a [[matronymic]] term referring to the five sons of [[Draupadi]]—Prativindhya, Sutasoma, Shrutakarma, Shatanika, and Shrutasena—who are characters in the ancient Hindu epic, the ''[[Mahabharata]]''. Each of these sons was born to Draupadi through one of the five [[Pandava]] brothers, making them half-brothers to one another.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Sørensen |first=Søren |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/An_Index_to_the_Names_in_the_Mahabharata/c1ROAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=draupadeyas&amp;pg=PA192&amp;printsec=frontcover |title=An Index to the Names in the Mahabharata: With Short Explanations and a Concordance to the Bombay and Calcutta Editions and P. C. Roy's Translation |date=1904 |publisher=Williams &amp; Norgate |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Brodbeck |first=Simon Pearse |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Mahabharata_Patriline/wapBDgAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=draupadeyas&amp;pg=PT199&amp;printsec=frontcover |title=The Mahabharata Patriline: Gender, Culture, and the Royal Hereditary |date=2017-03-02 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-88630-7 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Institute |first=Bhandarkar Oriental Research |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Annals_of_the_Bhandarkar_Oriental_Resear/rGljAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;bsq=draupadeyas&amp;dq=draupadeyas&amp;printsec=frontcover |title=Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona |date=1994 |publisher=The Institute |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Katz |first=Ruth Cecily |url=http://archive.org/details/arjunainmahabhar0000katz |title=Arjuna in the Mahabharata : where Krishna is, there is victory |date=1989 |publisher=Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina Press |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-87249-542-5 |pages=60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Menon |first=Ramesh |title=The Mahabharata : a modern rendering|year=2006|publisher=iUniverse, Inc.|location=New York|isbn=9780595401888}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Draupadeyas are portrayed as valorous warriors, described as ''Maharathis'', or great chariot-warriors. They align themselves with the Pandavas during the [[Kurukshetra War]], where they are said to have slain numerous enemy combatants. While the text attributes to them the strength and ferocity of their fathers, the epic offers relatively limited individual characterisation for each of the brothers. Nonetheless, they are depicted as formidable figures on the battlefield, with only a select few warriors from the [[Kaurava]] side shown as capable of overcoming them.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=The Mahābhārata|url=https://archive.org/details/mahabharata03buit|url-access=registration|year=1981|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago|isbn=9780226846644|edition=Phoenix|editor=van Buitenen, J.A.B. |translator=van Buitenen}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Prativindhya==<br /> Prativindhya ({{IAST3|Prativindhya}}, {{langx|sa|प्रतिविन्ध्य}}, lit. ''shining like the sun'' ''towards the [[Vindhya Range|Vindhyas]]'') or Shrutavindhya ({{IAST3|Śrutavindhya}}, {{langx|sa|श्रुतविन्ध्य}}, lit. ''related to the Buddhi''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=N.V.|first=Thadani|title=The Mystery of the Mahabharata: Vol.4}}&lt;/ref&gt;) was son of [[Yudhishthira]] and Draupadi and was the eldest of the Draupadeyas. He was described to be a skilled fighter, known to face troops like &quot;the thunder-wielding Shakra ([[Indra]])&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://ancientvoice.wikidot.com/mbh:prativindhya|title=Prativindhya - AncientVoice}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the [[Kurukshetra War]], Prativindhya fought [[Shakuni]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BjP7CwAAQBAJ&amp;q=subala+prativindhya+mahabharata&amp;pg=PA349|title=Mahabharata Book Six (Volume 1): Bhishma|date=October 2016|isbn=9781479852123}}&lt;/ref&gt; On the 9th day, Prativindhya struck Alambusha unconscious. He also rescued his father [[Yudhishthira|Yudhishtira]] from Drona showing his courage.<br /> <br /> On 12th day, he repelled Drona who was trying to capture Yudhishthira alive.<br /> <br /> On 14th day, he killed Dushasana's son Durmasena, who had killed Abhimanyu and took revenge. On the 14th night, he fought some of the Kauravas along with Sutasoma. On the 15th day, he stopped Ashwatthama's advance by holding him off long enough but ultimately had to retreat from the battle after being overpowered by Ashwatthama. He killed Chitra, the king of Abhisara, on the 16th day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url-access=limited |archive-url = https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/440861902693364/663235267122692 |archive-date = 2022-04-30| url = https://www.facebook.com/MahabharatKiGalatiyan/posts/chitrasena-chitrasena-who-art-thou-chitrasenathe-other-son-of-dhritrashtrachitra/663235267122692/ |title = The Real Mahabharat of Sage Vyasa on Facebook |website=[[Facebook]]}}{{cbignore}}{{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> According to the Matsya Purana, Prativindhya had a son named Yaudheya from his first wife Subala, however he does not succeed Yudhishthira to the throne of Hastinapura as he inherits his maternal kingdom of Yaudheya.<br /> <br /> ==Sutasoma==<br /> ''{{IAST|Sutasoma}}'' ({{langx|sa|सुतसोम}}, lit. ''one who has extracted'' [[soma (drink)|soma]] or ''the one who has the beauty of the moon''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=N.V.|first=Thadani|title=The Mystery of the Mahabharata: Vol.4}}&lt;/ref&gt;) was son of [[Bhima]] and Draupadi, second of the Draupadeyas. He also handled the troops in the war. He excelled in [[Gada (mace)|Mace]] fighting and archery. He battled the Kaurava prince [[Vikarna]] on the first day of the war. He played a major role in the battle by nearly killing [[Shakuni]]. Sutasoma, on the 12th day, stopped the advance of the mighty Kaurava Vivismati, towards [[Drona]]. He also battled some of the Kauravas on the 14th night, accompanied by his half-brother Prativindhya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m07/m07165.htm|title = The Mahabharata, Book 7: Drona Parva: Ghatotkacha-badha Parva: Section CLXVIII}}&lt;/ref&gt; He played a major role along with Yudhishthira and other Draupadeyas in holding off [[Dushasana]] and the other Kauravas on the 15th day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Mahabharata|isbn=9781451015799|last1=Roy|first1=Pratāp Chandra|date=14 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Shatanika==<br /> Shatanika ({{IAST3|Śatānīka}}, {{langx|sa|शतानीक}}, lit. ''he who has hundred troops'') was the son of [[Nakula]] and Draupadi. He was the third of the Draupadeyas. He was named after a famous Rajarshi in the [[Kuru kingdom|Kuru]] [[lineage (anthropology)|lineage]] who was considered to be an avatar of [[Visvedevas]]. He was nominated as a deputy [[commander-in-chief]] under his maternal uncle and teacher [[Dhrishtadyumna]], in was charge of Vyuha planning.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Parmeshwaranand|first=Swami|title=Encyclopaedic dictionary of Purāṇas|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_6F0ZIBIL2ZAC|year=2001|publisher=Sarup &amp; Sons|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788176252263|edition=1st}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was the strongest among the Draupadeyas. He massacred the army of Kaurava ally Bhutakarma, as well as Bhutakarma.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Parmeshwaranand|first=Swami|title=Encyclopaedic dictionary of Purāṇas|year=2001|publisher=Sarup &amp; Sons|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788176252263|edition=1st}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shatanika also defeated Kaurava prince Dushkarna on the 6th day. On the 11th day he defeated by Karna’s son Vrihasena.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/mahabharata/d/doc118436.html|title = The Fifth and Sixth Days of the Great Battle &amp;#91;Chapter 6&amp;#93;|date = 9 January 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; He defeated the Kauravas Jayatsena, Chitrasena and Shrutakarman and killed a prince of [[Kalinga (Mahabharata)|Kalinga]]. Shatanika caused huge destruction of the Kaurava army on the 17th day too.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RWQ-AAAAQBAJ&amp;q=shatanika+bhojas&amp;pg=PT295|title = The Mahabharata: Volume 7|date = June 2015|isbn = 9788184759440}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Shrutasena==<br /> Shrutsena ({{IAST3|Śrutasena}}, {{langx|sa|श्रुतसेन}}, lit. ''the commander of the army of celestials'') was son of [[Sahadeva]] and Draupadi and the fourth of the Draupadeyas; like his father he was smart and intelligent. In the Chatahurdi analysis of the Mahabharata, he was defeated by Shakuni during the battle; he killed Shala, the younger brother of [[Bhurishravas]] on the 14th day of the war.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Parmeshwaranand|first=Swami|title=Encyclopaedic dictionary of Purāṇas|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_6F0ZIBIL2ZAC|year=2001|publisher=Sarup &amp; Sons|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788176252263|edition=1st}},&lt;/ref&gt; He fought with other warriors like Dushmanara and Durmukha and defeated them. He also killed the son of Kaurava warrior Devavraddha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/shrutakarma|title=Shrutakarma, Śrutakarmā: 3 definitions|date=21 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Shrutakarma==<br /> Shrutakarma ({{IAST3|Śrutakarma}}, {{langx|sa|श्रुतकर्म}}, lit. ''he who is known for his good deeds'') was the son of [[Arjuna]] and Draupadi,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ky3GBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT154 | title=The Man Who Was a Woman and Other Queer Tales from Hindu Lore | publisher=Routledge | author=John Dececco, [[Devdutt Pattanaik]] | year=2014 | isbn=9781317766308}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the youngest of the Draupadeyas. His horses were supposed to bear the colour of kingfishers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa | year=2012 |isbn=9781451018264}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was a capable [[Archery|archer]] like his father and defeated Kamboja ruler [[Sudakshina]] on the first day. He also defeated the Kaurava Jayatsena on the 6th day.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/mahabharata/d/doc118436.html|title = The Fifth and Sixth Days of the Great Battle &amp;#91;Chapter 6&amp;#93;|date = 9 January 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; He fought against [[Dushasana]] and [[Ashvatthama|Ashvathama]] in an archery duel in the battle and gave them a good fight. He killed King Chitrasena, another king of Abhisara, on the 16th day.<br /> <br /> ==Death==<br /> {{Unreferenced section|date=February 2017}}<br /> [[File:Arastthaman propitiates Śiva before making a night attack on the Pandava camp.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Ashwatthama prays Shiva before making a night attack on the Pandava camp]]<br /> <br /> On the last night of the war after [[Duryodhana]]'s death and the [[Kaurava]]s' defeat, [[Ashvatthama]] gathered the only other surviving [[Kaurava]] warriors - [[Kritavarma]] and [[Kripa]], and attacked the Pandava camp. He killed [[Dhrishtadyumna]] and many other prominent warriors of the Pandava army while they were sleeping or tried to fight him back.<br /> <br /> [[Ashvatthama]] killed all the Draupadeyas who were awake by then along with [[Shikhandi]] when they came out of their chambers after hearing the screams of other soldiers to fight [[Ashvatthama]]. In some versions of the story, he believes them to be the five Pandava brothers due to darkness; in others, he purposefully attacks the Pandavas' [[Inheritance|heirs]] in order to hurt the Pandavas emotionally by destroying their lineage.<br /> <br /> Ashwatthama was eventually cursed by [[Krishna]] for his heinous act of attempting to kill the baby [[Parikshit]] in the womb of Uttara, to roam the world for 3000 years with loneliness, incurable bruises and ulcers.<br /> <br /> In the Jataka tales version of the Mahabharata, Parikshit's mentors included Sutasoma. Prativindhya, Shrutakarma, and Shatanika at least (who even in Sauptika Parva is shown as wounded not dead) have definite longer lives in Jatakas.{{Citation needed|date=March 2026}}<br /> <br /> ==Citations==<br /> {{Reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> {{Mahabharata}}<br /> {{Hindu Culture and Epics}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Characters in the Mahabharata]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=April_Fool_(2014_film)&diff=487181 2026-04-26T22:22:25Z

<p>Jimmy6788: started a details</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|2014 film}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2026}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = April Fool<br /> | image = April Fool 2014 film poster.jpg<br /> | alt = <br /> | caption = <br /> | native_name = &lt;!-- {{Infobox name module|language|title}} or {{Infobox name module|title}} --&gt;<br /> | director = [[Srikanth Iyengar|Krishnaswamy Shrikanth Iyengar]]<br /> | writer = Balabadrapatruni Madhu<br /> | screenplay = <br /> | story = <br /> | based_on = &lt;!-- {{Based on|title of the original work|creator of the original work|additional creator(s), if necessary}} --&gt;<br /> | producer = Seema Azaruddin&lt;br /&gt;GL Srinivas<br /> | starring = [[Ranadhir Reddy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Srushti Dange]] &lt;br /&gt;[[Jagapathi Babu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Bhumika Chawla]]<br /> | narrator = <br /> | cinematography = Tanikella Rajendra Prasad<br /> | editing = <br /> | music = Dr Panti<br /> | studio = Kartaal Productions&lt;br /&gt;Sudha Entertainments<br /> | distributor = &lt;!-- or: | distributors = --&gt;<br /> | released = {{Film date|df=yes|2014|5|10}} <br /> | runtime = <br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Telugu<br /> | budget = <br /> | gross = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''April Fool''''' is a 2014 Indian Telugu-language comedy film directed by [[Srikanth Iyengar|Krishnaswamy Shrikanth Iyengar]] and starring [[Ranadhir Reddy]] and [[Srushti Dange]] with [[Jagapathi Babu]] and [[Bhumika Chawla]] in supporting roles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/shift-to-celluloid/article4163324.ece|title=Shift to celluloid|date=4 December 2012|via=www.thehindu.com|access-date=27 January 2023|archive-date=27 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127013315/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/shift-to-celluloid/article4163324.ece|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film was released on 10 May 2014.{{fact|date=April 2026}}<br /> <br /> [[Jagapathi Babu]] and [[Bhumika Chawla]] were falsely promoted as the film's lead actors.&lt;ref name=&quot;T&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> == Cast ==<br /> {{cast listing|<br /> *[[Ranadhir Reddy]] as Kakki<br /> *[[Srushti Dange]] as Satya<br /> *[[Jagapathi Babu]] as Prakash (extended cameo appearance)<br /> *[[Bhumika Chawla]] as Swapna (extended cameo appearance)<br /> *[[Gulshan Grover]] <br /> * [[Rallapalli (actor)|Rallapalli]]<br /> * [[Prudhvi Raj]]<br /> * [[Vizag Prasad]]<br /> * [[Thagubothu Ramesh]] <br /> * [[Dhanraj (actor)|Dhanraj]]<br /> * [[Satyam Rajesh]]<br /> * Seenu<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==Production ==<br /> The film was shot in forty-six days.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/jagapathi-babus-april-fool-nearing-completion/articleshow/16365344.cms|title=Jagapathi Babu's April Fool nearing completion - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=2023-01-27|archive-date=2023-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127013332/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/jagapathi-babus-april-fool-nearing-completion/articleshow/16365344.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> A critic from ''[[The Times of India]]'' wrote that &quot;The film, we were told, was going to be an absurd comedy. It's only half true...the absurd part that is&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/april-fool/movie-review/34966891.cms|title=April Fool Movie Review {1/5}: Critic Review of April Fool by Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; A critic from ''India Herald'' wrote that &quot;If you are not bothered by bad screenplay and acting, love Bhumika Chawla and have money to spend this weekend then go watch ''April Fool''&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiaherald.com/Movies/Reviews/55326/April-Fool-(2014)-Telugu-Movie-Review-Rating|title=April Fool Review|website=www.indiaherald.com|access-date=27 January 2023|archive-date=27 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127235523/https://www.indiaherald.com/Movies/Reviews/55326/April-Fool-%282014%29-Telugu-Movie-Review-Rating|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2014 Telugu-language films]]<br /> [[Category:Indian comedy films]]<br /> [[Category:2014 Indian films]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Punit_Renjen&diff=527218 2026-04-23T02:17:27Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Put up</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian-American businessman (born 1961)}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Punit Renjen<br /> | image = Punit Renjen.jpg<br /> | birth_date = {{birth year and age|1961}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Rohtak]], [[India]]<br /> | education = [[Willamette University]] ([[Master of Business Administration|MBA]])<br /> | employer = [[Deloitte]]<br /> | title = CEO (emeritus)<br /> | boards = <br /> * [[Deloitte]]<br /> * [[United States Council for International Business]]<br /> * [[United Way Worldwide]]<br /> * U.S.-India Business Council<br /> * Willamette University<br /> }}<br /> '''Punit Renjen''' (born 1961)&lt;ref name=&quot;Yiu&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Yiu|first=Enoch|title=How Punit Renjen became the first Asian global CEO of Deloitte|url=https://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/1851510/how-punit-renjen-became-first-asian-global-ceo-deloitte|access-date=February 29, 2016|work=[[South China Morning Post]]|publisher=[[SCMP Group]]|date=August 21, 2015|location=Hong Kong}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AFR&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Durkin|first=Patrick|title=Punit Renjen's remarkable journey from factory worker to Deloitte global CEO|url=http://www.afr.com/brand/boss/punit-renjens-remarkable-journey-from-factory-worker-to-deloitte-global-ceo-20150917-gjoovp|access-date=February 29, 2016|work=[[The Australian Financial Review]]|publisher=[[Fairfax Media]]|date=October 5, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; is an [[Indian Americans|Indian-American]] businessman who has been [[chief executive officer]] of the multinational professional services firm [[Deloitte]] since June 1, 2015. Previously, Renjen was chairman and CEO of Deloitte Consulting LLP, and later, held the role of chairman of Deloitte LLP (United States) from 2011 to 2015. Effective December 31, 2022,  Renjen became Global CEO Emeritus of Deloitte.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Deloitte Names Joe Ucuzoglu as Next Global CEO |url=https://news.bloombergtax.com/financial-accounting/deloitte-names-joe-ucuzoglu-as-next-global-ceo |access-date=2022-12-02 |website=news.bloombergtax.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Renjen was raised in [[Rohtak]], [[North India]] in the state of Haryana. After earning an MBA in management from Oregon's [[Willamette University]], he was hired by Touche Ross, which merged into Deloitte in 1989. He has worked at Deloitte and lived in the US ever since.<br /> <br /> Renjen is on the ''[[Wall Street Journal]]''{{'}}s Council of CEOs&lt;ref name=&quot;JournalCouncil&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=CEO Council Members|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ceo-council-members-1510955310|website=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=24 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; and has been on the boards of directors at [[Catlin Gabel School]], [[United Way Worldwide]], the U.S.-India Business Council, and his alma mater.<br /> <br /> Renjen was nominated to join the [[SAP]] Supervisory Board and succeed the SAP founder [[Hasso Plattner]] as a chairman on February 22, 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite press release |last=SE |first=SAP |title=SAP Supervisory Board Proposes Punit Renjen as Designated Successor to Chairman Hasso Plattner |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/sap-supervisory-board-proposes-punit-renjen-as-designated-successor-to-chairman-hasso-plattner-301753646.html |access-date=2023-02-22 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; This nomination was rescinded when he left SAP on February 12, 2024 due to &quot;differences in perspective on the role&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;bloomberg2024&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Cantrill |first1=Aggi |title=SAP Splits With Chairman Nominee Ahead of Plattner Retirement |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-02-11/sap-splits-with-chairman-nominee-ahead-of-plattner-retirement |access-date=12 February 2024 |date=12 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; He currently serves as a member of the [[President's Export Council]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;President's Export Council Members&quot;. ''International Trade Administration''. 2024. Retrieved March 8, 2024.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Early life and education ==<br /> Renjen grew up in [[Rohtak]], a city in [[Haryana]]'s [[Rohtak district]], in India, where his father had established an electrical switchgear factory.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Ghoshal|first=Devjyot|title=How a refugee's son from a small Indian town became Deloitte Global's CEO|url=http://qz.com/346154/how-a-refugees-son-from-a-small-indian-town-became-deloitte-globals-ceo/|access-date=February 11, 2016|work=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]]|publisher=[[Atlantic Media]]|date=February 18, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Around age seven, Renjen was sent to [[The Lawrence School, Sanawar]], an autonomous public [[Mixed-sex education|co-educational]] [[boarding school]] near [[Shimla]], because his parents were seeking a better education for him than he was receiving in Rohtak.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot;/&gt; When Renjen was approximately fourteen years old, his father's business encountered financial difficulty, and the family's inability to continue paying for boarding school forced Renjen to return to Rohtak and work at the family factory part time.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Renjen attended a local college, where he earned his bachelor's degree in economics.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot; /&gt; After graduating, Renjen worked for the [[Delhi]]-based [[home appliance]] company [[Usha International]]. In 1984, he earned a [[Rotary Scholarships|Rotary Foundation Scholarship]], affording him airfare to the United States and a full scholarship to [[Salem, Oregon]]'s [[Willamette University]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AFR&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot; /&gt; He earned his [[Master of Management]] from Willamette's [[Atkinson Graduate School of Management]] in 1986,&lt;ref name=&quot;Wu&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Punit Renjen MM'86 Named Global CEO for Deloitte|url=https://www.willamette.edu/news/library/2015/02/feb11_punitrenjen.html|publisher=[[Willamette University]]|access-date=March 1, 2016|date=February 19, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ringold&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Ringold|first=Debra|title=Atkinson News: CEO Position Goes to Willamette Alumnus|url=http://willamette.edu/mba/email/atkinsonews/2009/november/|publisher=Willamette University|access-date=March 29, 2016|date=November 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; and has lived in the United States ever since.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www2.deloitte.com/global/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/about-deloitte-leaders-punit-renjen.html|title=Punit Renjen: A profile of the Deloitte Global CEO|publisher=[[Deloitte]]|access-date=February 11, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Career ==<br /> After graduating from Willamette, Renjen began interviewing at American firms. In the late 1980s, a partner at Touche Ross invited him to interview with the company after reading on a flight a local magazine that profiled Renjen and nine other students. He was initially hired as an associate consultant and has worked at Deloitte for 32 years since that time.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.accountingtoday.com/news/deloitte-touche-tohmatsu-re-elects-punit-renjen-as-global-ceo|title=Deloitte re-elects Renjen as global CEO|website=Accounting Today|date=3 June 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/global/en/profiles/punit.html|title=Punit Renjen {{!}} Deloitte Global CEO|website=Deloitte|language=en|access-date=2019-10-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> His work at Deloitte has included advising multinational companies on divestitures, mergers and acquisitions, operations, post-merger integration, and strategy.&lt;ref name=Ringold/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Nair&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last=Nair|first=Remya|title=Rohtak boy Punit Renjen tipped to be Deloitte CEO|journal=Mint|date=January 29, 2015|url=http://www.livemint.com/Companies/T6dgAM4GUi7WXMvnZCrNaK/Rohtak-boy-Punit-Renjen-tipped-to-be-Deloitte-CEO.html|access-date=February 29, 2016|location=New Delhi|publisher=[[HT Media]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Punit Renjen new Chairman and CEO of Deloitte Consulting LLP|url=http://www.poandpo.com/who-is-promoted/punit-renjen-new-chairman-and-ceo-of-deloitte-consulting-llp/|access-date=March 29, 2016|work=Post Online Media|publisher=Histerius Company|date=November 9, 2009|location=Zagreb, Croatia}}&lt;/ref&gt; Renjen later served as chairman and CEO of Deloitte Consulting LLP, which is a United States member firm, then as chairman of Deloitte LLP (United States) for four years beginning in June 2011.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bio/&gt;<br /> <br /> Renjen currently serves as the CEO of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited (Deloitte Global).&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bio/&gt; The company announced Renjen's confirmation on February 16, 2015, following an election and nearly unanimous ratification by thousands of Deloitte's partners.&lt;ref name=&quot;Yiu&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-5SsCiQGzI|title=Punit Renjen appointed as Deloitte's global head|work=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]|date=February 17, 2015|access-date=March 3, 2016|publisher=[[YouTube]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; When Renjen's four-year term as CEO began on June 1, 2015,&lt;ref name=&quot;Quartz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rogers&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rogers|first=Bruce|title=Newly Named Deloitte Global CEO's Mission: Create a Culture of Purpose|journal=[[Forbes]]|date=June 26, 2015|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucerogers/2015/06/26/newly-named-deloitte-global-ceos-mission-create-a-culture-of-purpose/#6996d17563c1|access-date=February 11, 2016|issn=0015-6914}}&lt;/ref&gt; he became the first Asia-born person to head one of the [[Big Four accounting firms|Big Four]] global professional services firms.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFR&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FP&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.firstpost.com/business/punit-renjen-becomes-deloitte-ceo-7-facts-to-know-about-the-rohtak-man-2102971.html|title=Punit Renjen becomes Deloitte CEO: 7 facts to know about the Rohtak man|date=February 17, 2015|access-date=February 29, 2016|publisher=[[Firstpost]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=India-born Punit Renjen to be Deloitte Global CEO|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-02-17/news/59197075_1_punit-renjen-deloitte-us-india-head|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220080120/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-02-17/news/59197075_1_punit-renjen-deloitte-us-india-head|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 20, 2015|access-date=February 29, 2016|work=[[The Economic Times]]|publisher=[[The Times Group]]|date=February 17, 2015|oclc=61311680|location=Mumbai}}&lt;/ref&gt; In June 2019, he was elected to a second, four-year term as Deloitte Global CEO.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; During that time, Deloitte announced that their fiscal year numbers for 2021 reached $50.2 billion and their workforce expanded to 345,000,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Deloitte: global employees 2006-2021|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/269014/number-of-employees-at-deloitte-worldwide/|access-date=2021-10-03|website=Statista|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; making them the first big 4 firm to clear $50 billion in global revenue.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Maurer|first=Mark|date=2021-09-09|title=Big Four Firms EY, Deloitte Report Higher Revenue|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/big-four-firms-ey-deloitte-report-higher-revenue-11631222772|access-date=2021-10-03|issn=0099-9660}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In February 2018, Punit launched World''Class,'' Deloitte's global initiative designed to advance education and skills for communities at risk.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/deloitte-initiative-to-empower-10-million-females-in-india-119022300666_1.html|title=Deloitte initiative to empower 10 million females in India|last=IANS|date=2019-02-23|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2019-10-06}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2019, the program was launched in [[India]] with the goal of supporting 10 million girls and women by 2030 there through education and skills development.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/deloitte-to-provide-education-skills-training-to-10-mn-girls-women-by-2030-in-india/articleshow/68136219.cms|title=Deloitte to provide education, skills training to 10 mn girls, women by 2030 in India|date=2019-02-24|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-10-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In May 2021, the [[Haryana]] government and Deloitte launched a [[COVID-19]] project called Senjeevani Pariyojana to treat patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms in their homes. Renjen led the design of the program which is being supported by the [[Public Health Foundation of India]] and the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|agency=PTI|date=May 24, 2021|title=Manohar Lal Khattar launches 'Sanjeevani Pariyojana' to ensure quick medicare access at home {{!}} Chandigarh News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/manohar-lal-khattar-launches-sanjeevani-pariyojana-to-ensure-quick-medicare-access-at-home/articleshow/82912177.cms|access-date=2021-06-17|website=The Times of India|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Deloitte designed 'innovative, simple, fit-for-purpose' programme against COVID-19: CEO|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/current/corporate/deloitte-designed-innovative-simple-fit-for-purpose-programme-against-covid-19-ceo/story/439931.html|access-date=2021-06-17|website=www.businesstoday.in|date=25 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Other roles ===<br /> In addition to serving on Deloitte Global's boards of directors as part of his current role,&lt;ref name=&quot;DNA&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=India-born Punit Renjen to be Deloitte Global CEO|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/money/report-india-born-punit-renjen-to-be-deloitte-global-ceo-2061527|access-date=March 1, 2016|work=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|publisher=Diligent Media Corporation|date=February 16, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Deloitte appoints India-born Punit Renjen as global CEO|url=http://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/deloitte-appoints-indiaborn-punit-renjen-as-global-ceo/article6902403.ece|access-date=February 29, 2016|work=[[The Hindu]]|publisher=[[The Hindu Group]]|date=February 16, 2015|location=Chennai|issn=0971-751X|oclc=13119119}}&lt;/ref&gt; Renjen is a member of The ''Wall Street Journal'' CEO Council, [[United Way Worldwide]],&lt;ref name=&quot;UW&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Our Leadership: Punit Renjen|url=https://www.unitedway.org/about/leadership/punit-renjen|publisher=[[United Way Worldwide]]|access-date=February 29, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; the U.S.-India Business Council,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=U.S.-India Business Council Appoints Edward Monser, Punit...|url=http://www.usibc.com/press-release/us-india-business-council-appoints-edward-monser-punit-renjen-vice-chairs-council|publisher=U.S.-India Business Council|access-date=February 29, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jha&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Jha|first=Lalit K.|title=Punit Renjen and Edward Monser selected as USIBC vice chairs|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/punit-renjen-and-edward-monser-selected-as-usibc-vice-chairs-487690-2016-01-12|access-date=March 1, 2016|work=[[India Today]]|publisher=[[Living Media]]|date=January 12, 2016|issn=0254-8399}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the [[Business Roundtable]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessroundtable.org/about-us/members|title=Members|website=www.businessroundtable.org|language=en|access-date=2019-10-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; He also serves as a member of the boards of trustees at [[Catlin Gabel School]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.catlin.edu/page.cfm?p=733|title= Board of Trustees|publisher=[[Catlin Gabel School]]|access-date=March 3, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[United States Council for International Business]] and Willamette University.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/profiles/punit.html|title=Punit Renjen: Deloitte Global CEO, DTTL|publisher=Deloitte|access-date=February 11, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Southward&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Southward|first=Brandon|title=Willamette MBA alumnus Punit Renjen honored|url=http://www.statesmanjournal.com/story/news/2015/09/22/willamette-mba-alumnus-punit-renjen-honored/72648430/|access-date=February 29, 2016|work=[[Statesman Journal]]|publisher=Gannett Company|date=September 22, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2015, the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International (AACSB) included Renjen on their inaugural &quot;Influential Leaders&quot; list,&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Influential Leaders: Punit Renjen|url=http://www.aacsb.edu/about/awards/influential-leaders/recipients/punit-renjen|publisher=AACSB International—The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business|access-date=March 1, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; which recognizes &quot;100 AACSB-member-school alumni who inspire others with their professional and volunteer work&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Southward&quot; /&gt; He has co-authored articles for ''[[Chief Executive (magazine)|Chief Executive]]'' and ''The Journal of Business Strategy'', and has been featured in interviews with ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', ''Consulting'', ''[[Investor's Business Daily]]'', and ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Deloitte Elects Indian-American Punit Renjen Chairman of the Board|url=http://www.pravasiherald.com/index.php/pravasih/comments/deloitte_renjen_1105/ |access-date=March 29, 2016|work=Pravasi Herald|date=May 11, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Awards and honors ==<br /> In 2007, Renjen was listed as one of ''Consulting'' magazine's &quot;Top 25 Most Influential Consultants&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wu&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Nair&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FP&quot; /&gt; In 2012, 2013, and 2014, he was named an honoree to the [[National Association of Corporate Directors]] (NACD) &quot;Directorship 100&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nacdonline.org/directorship100/2012honorees.cfm |title=2012 Honorees|publisher=[[National Association of Corporate Directors]]|access-date=June 23, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nacdonline.org/directorship100/2013honorees.cfm|title=2013 Honorees|publisher=National Association of Corporate Directors|access-date=June 23, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nacdonline.org/Directorship100/2014honorees.cfm|title=2014 Honorees|publisher=National Association of Corporate Directors|access-date=June 23, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2015, the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International (AACSB) included Renjen on their inaugural &quot;Influential Leaders&quot; list,&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; which recognizes &quot;100 AACSB-member-school alumni who inspire others with their professional and volunteer work&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Southward&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://willamette.edu/news/library/2019/04/renjen-prize-andrew-kach.html|title=Willamette MBA's Andrew Kach honored|website=willamette.edu|language=en|access-date=2019-07-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2017, he was honored with the &quot;Gaurav Samman&quot; by the Government of [[Haryana]]. The award was given to people of Haryanvi origin residing outside of Haryana who have made significant contributions in various fields.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.prharyana.gov.in/en/haryana-government-conferred-gaurav-samman-upon-19-pravasi-haryanvis-for-their-outstanding|title=Haryana Government conferred Gaurav Samman upon 19 Pravasi Haryanvis for their outstanding contributions in various fields at the first ever Pravasi Haryana Divas in Gurugram today. {{!}} Directorate of Information, Public Relations &amp; Languages, Government of Haryana|website=www.prharyana.gov.in|access-date=2019-07-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; In May 2019, he received an honorary degree from [[Willamette University]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://willamette.edu/news/library/2019/04/2019-commencement.html|title=Commencement speakers, honorary degrees announced|website=willamette.edu|language=en|access-date=2019-06-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Renjen received the 2020 Oregon History Makers Medal in the category of &quot;Visionary Business Leader.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Oregon Historical Society: History Makers&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=History Makers |url=https://ohs.org/support/history-makers.cfm |publisher=Oregon Historical Society |access-date=26 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Also in 2020, he was named one of the EMpower Top 100 Ethnic Minority Executive Role Models, an honor given to recognize senior executives of color who are removing barriers to success for other ethnic minority employees and are leading by example.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The EMpower Top 100 Ethnic Minority Executive Role Models 2020|url=https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/yahoofinance-empower-top-100-ethnic-minority-executives-2020-230137309.html|access-date=2020-06-21|website=uk.finance.yahoo.com|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[M. R. Rangaswami|Indiaspora Business Leaders List]] recognized Renjen as one of over 50 executives from the [[Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin|Indian diaspora]] of top-tier international corporations in 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite press release|last=Indiaspora|title=2020 Indiaspora Business Leaders List Recognizes More Than 50 Executives of Indian Heritage Leading Global Corporations|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/in/news-releases/2020-indiaspora-business-leaders-list-recognizes-more-than-50-executives-of-indian-heritage-leading-global-corporations-823039836.html|access-date=2020-10-07|website=www.prnewswire.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite press release|last=Indiaspora|date=2020-07-08|title=2020 Indiaspora Business Leaders List recognizes more than 50 executives of Indian heritage leading global corporations|url=http://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/07/08/2059330/0/en/2020-Indiaspora-Business-Leaders-List-recognizes-more-than-50-executives-of-Indian-heritage-leading-global-corporations.html|access-date=2020-10-07|website=GlobeNewswire News Room}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2021, the US-India Strategic Partnership Forum (USISPF) recognized Punit with the USISPF Global Achievement Award in honor of his corporate leadership in fighting [[COVID-19]] during India's second wave.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=US-India Strategic Partnership Forum to honour Tata Sons' Chandrasekaran, 2 other business leaders|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/corporate/story/us-india-strategic-partnership-forum-to-honour-tata-sons-chandrasekaran-2-other-business-leaders-307885-2021-09-28|access-date=2021-10-03|website=Business Today|date=28 September 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2022, Punit was recognized by ''[[The Economic Times]]'' as &quot;Global Indian of the Year.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=ET Global Indian of the Year 2021: Punit Renjen - A Rohtak boy at heart, an Indian with a world mark|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/company/corporate-trends/et-global-indian-of-the-year-2021-punit-renjen-a-rohtak-boy-at-heart-an-indian-with-a-world-mark/articleshow/90481410.cms|access-date=2022-03-30|website=The Economic Times|date=28 March 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Personal life ==<br /> Renjen is a sports fan, with a particular affinity for [[cricket]] and [[American football]], and a runner.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://qz.com/india/346154/how-a-refugees-son-from-a-small-indian-town-became-deloitte-globals-ceo/|title=How a refugee's son from a small Indian town became Deloitte Global's CEO|last=Ghoshal|first=Devjyot|website=Quartz India|date=19 February 2015 |language=en|access-date=2019-07-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2022, Renjen was named by [[Carnegie Corporation of New York]] as an honoree of the [[Great Immigrants Award]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Punit Renjen |url=https://www.carnegie.org/awards/honoree/punit-renjen/ |access-date=June 10, 2024 |website=Carnegie Corporation of New York}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Arun |date=2022-07-01 |title=Padma Lakshmi, Punit Renjen among Carnegie’s 2022 class of Great Immigrants - The American Bazaar |url=https://www.americanbazaaronline.com/2022/07/01/padma-lakshmi-punit-renjen-among-carnegies-2022-class-of-great-immigrants-450127/,%20https://www.americanbazaaronline.com/2022/07/01/padma-lakshmi-punit-renjen-among-carnegies-2022-class-of-great-immigrants-450127/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> * [[List of people from Haryana]]<br /> * [[List of Willamette University alumni]]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == Further reading ==<br /> * {{Cite journal|url=http://whartonmagazine.com/blogs/how-it-is-done-at-deloitte/|title=How It Is Done at Deloitte …|date=January 25, 2013|journal=Wharton Magazine|first=Matthew|last=Brodsky}}<br /> * {{Cite web|url=http://www.leadersmag.com/issues/2014.3_Jul/ROB/LEADERS-Punit-Renjen-Deloitte.html|title= Strategy and Execution: An Interview with Punit Renjen, Chairman of the Board, Deloitte LLP|work=Leaders Magazine|date=July–September 2014}}<br /> * {{Cite web|url=http://www.big4.com/big4-thought-leader-interviews/deloitte-reports-six-years-growth-counting/|title=Deloitte Global CEO Punit Renjen Answers Some Global Revenue Questions|first=Rob|last=Starr|website=Big4.com|publisher=Big Four Firms Network}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * {{Cite web|url=https://blogs.fuqua.duke.edu/duke-mba/2011/11/11/dds19/continually-impressed-by-deloitte-leader|title=Continually Impressed by Deloitte Leader|date=November 11, 2011|first=Dipesh|last=Shah|publisher=[[Fuqua School of Business]] ([[Duke University]])}}<br /> * {{Cite web|url=http://www.consultancy.uk/news/1544/india-born-punit-renjen-new-global-ceo-of-deloitte|title=India born Punit Renjen new Global CEO of Deloitte|date=February 26, 2015|website=Consultancy.uk}}<br /> * {{Cite web|url=http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/news-events/brave-leaders/punit-renjen-chairman-deloitte.aspx|title=Punit Renjen, Chairman of the Board, Deloitte LLP|publisher=[[Kellogg School of Management]] ([[Northwestern University]])|date=March 9, 2015}}<br /> * {{Cite web|url=https://www.consultancy.in/news/117/deloitte-ceo-punit-renjen-on-the-top-10-rules-for-success|title=Deloitte CEO Punit Renjen on the top 10 rules for success|date=January 12, 2016|publisher=Consultancy India}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Renjen, Punit}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:American people of Indian descent]]<br /> [[Category:Lawrence School, Sanawar alumni]]<br /> [[Category:1961 births]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century American businesspeople]]<br /> [[Category:American business executives]]<br /> [[Category:People from Rohtak]]<br /> [[Category:Willamette University alumni]]<br /> [[Category:Businesspeople from Haryana]]<br /> [[Category:Deloitte people]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kazaar&diff=509112 2026-04-15T10:48:31Z

<p>Jimmy6788: created first info w/ refs</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Kazaar<br /> | image = Kazar.jpg<br /> | caption =<br /> | distributor = [[Daijiworld Media]]<br /> | director = Richard Castelino<br /> | producer = Frank Fernandes<br /> | released = {{Film date|2009|11|27|df=yes}}<br /> | country =<br /> | language = [[Konkani language|Konkani]]<br /> | starring = {{plainlist|<br /> * [[Larry Fernandes]]<br /> * [[Harshika Poonachcha]]<br /> * Mistesh<br /> * Savia Monteiro<br /> * Vipin Lobo<br /> * Reena Dsouza}}<br /> }}<br /> '''''Kazaar''''' ({{langx|en|Marriage}}) is a 2009 [[Konkani language|Konkani]] film directed by Richard Castelino and produced by Frank Fernandes. It stars [[Larry Fernandes]] and [[Harshika Poonachcha]].&lt;ref name=&quot;d1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=60190&amp;n_tit=Mangalore:+Konkani+Movie+'Kazar'+to+Hit+Screens+on+Sep+9|title=Mangalore:Konkani Movie 'Kazar' to Hit Screens on Sep 9|date=2009-05-22|publisher=[[Daijiworld Media]]|accessdate=2010-03-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; Larry stars in the movie as an NRI boy, who comes back to Mangalore to get married, while Harshika plays the role of his bride. The movie was initially scheduled to be released on 9 September 2009 but was delayed by two months, finally being released on 27 November 2009.<br /> <br /> ==Synopsis ==<br /> The story is woven around family and social values, portraying the importance to society of marriage vows and family stability. The film focuses on traditional Catholic marriage rituals such as engagement and ''Roce''.&lt;ref name=&quot;df8&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=68878&amp;n_tit=Mangalore:+'Kazaar'+Premiered+at+Adlabs+Bharat+Big+Cinema |title=Mangalore: 'Kazaar' Premiered at Adlabs Bharat Big Cinema|date=27 November 2009 |publisher=[[Daijiworld Media]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Larry Fernandes stars in the movie as an NRI boy from [[Dubai]], who comes back to Mangalore to get married. After marriage, he faces resistance from his bride (Harshika Poonacha) for his move to return to Dubai.&lt;ref name=&quot;df4&quot;&gt;[http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=58882&amp;n_tit=Dubai+Boy+Larry+Fernandes+Plays+Lead+Role+in+Konkani+Movie+'Kazar' Dubai Boy Larry Fernandes Plays Lead Role in Konkani Movie 'Kazar']. Wednesday, 15 April 2009 9:07:06 AM (IST). Daijiworld Media Network - Mangalore&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;<br /> ! Actor/Actress !! Role<br /> |-<br /> |Larry Fernandes|| The NRI boy from Dubai<br /> |-<br /> |[[Harshika Poonachcha]]||His wife<br /> |-<br /> ||[[Mistesh]]||Hero's brother in law <br /> |-<br /> |Savia Monteiro||Hero's Sister<br /> |-<br /> |Vipin Lobo||Hero's Brother<br /> |-<br /> |Reena Dsouza ||Hero's Mother <br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> [[Daijiworld Media]] (Mangalore), the official International Media Partner for the movie, was instrumental in providing worldwide publicity coverage for the movie.&lt;ref name=&quot;hr&quot;&gt;[http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=68740&amp;n_tit=%91Kazar%92+to+Hit+Silver+Screen+in+Udupi%2C+Mangalore+on+November+27 Kazar’ to Hit Silver Screen in Udupi, Mangalore on 27 November]. Tuesday, 24 November 2009 10:04:05 AM (IST). Daijiworld Media Network – Mangalore (SP)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Casting===<br /> [[Larry Fernandes]] had difficulties in facing the camera for the first time, but got used to it within a few days after support from his team. Larry lost 15 kilograms (33&amp;nbsp;lb) in less than two months with a strict diet and regular exercises. Unlike Larry, his co-star, Coorgi actress Harshika Poonacha, had already acted in lead roles in two Kannada movies.&lt;ref name=&quot;df4&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Filming===<br /> &lt;!-- [[File:Larry Fernandes (screenshot from Kazar).jpg|thumb|A screenshot of the movie]] --&gt;<br /> The movie was shot at various locations such as Mangalore ([[Mangalore Airport (India)|Mangalore International Airport (Bajpe)]], [[Someshwar Beach]], and [[Pilikula Nisargadhama]]), [[Madikeri]] (Chomakudru and King's Cottage), Goan beaches (especially Dona-Paula), and [[Karwar]].&lt;ref name=&quot;rt&quot;&gt;Alvin Mendonca. [http://www.mangaloremithr.com/news/story.aspx?News-ID=6432&amp;Cat=Entertainment-News&amp;Loc=Mangalore&amp;Title=Konkani-movie-%E2%80%99Kazaar%E2%80%99-released- Konkani movie ’Kazaar’ released]. Mangaloremithr.com&lt;/ref&gt; The film was completed in May 2009 and was initially scheduled to be released on 9 September 2009.&lt;ref name=&quot;rt&quot;/&gt; Events such as cricket matches in 2009 and several other factors prevented an early release of the movie. The crew also wanted to release the movie in a good theater, due to the limited audience for regional movies.&lt;ref name=&quot;rt&quot;/&gt; It got the Censor Board approval in November 2009. The movie had some glitches. The top portion of some scenes (including actors) was chopped off, reflecting the lack of professionalism in the work. Song pasteurization was adequate but patchy.&lt;ref name=&quot;df8&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> === Sound ===<br /> The movie has five songs.&lt;ref name=&quot;d3&quot;/&gt; Aloysius Paul D'Souza, Bishop of Mangalore, released the audio CD of the movie on 17 September 2009 at Don Bosco Hall (Mangalore), while the audio cassettes were released by Kundapur Narayana Kharvi, chairman of Konkani Sahitya Academy. The audio was brought out to the market by Julcas Audio International Corporation. The music was composed by Wilfy Rebimbus, Ragdev, and Vijaybharathi.&lt;ref name=&quot;d44&quot;&gt;[http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=65808&amp;n_tit=Mangalore%3A+Bishop+Releases+Audio+CD+of+Konkani+Movie+%91Kazaar%92+++ Mangalore: Bishop Releases Audio CD of Konkani Movie ‘Kazaar’]. Friday, 18 September 2009 2:23:00 AM (IST). Daijiworld Media Network—Mangalore (RS/CN)&lt;/ref&gt; Background music was composed by Bharati Das, with lyrics by [[Wilfy Rebimbus]] and Mick Max.&lt;ref name=&quot;d1&quot;/&gt; The playback singers include Radhika Menon, Hemanth, and Rony Crasta.<br /> <br /> ==Release and reception==<br /> The movie was simultaneously released at Adlab's [[Big Cinemas]] in Bharat Mall (Mangalore) and Udupi's Alankar theatre on 27 November 2009.&lt;ref name=&quot;d3&quot;&gt;[http://mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=broadcast&amp;broadcastid=157571 Kazar released - Box office full on first day] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011142112/http://www.mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=broadcast&amp;broadcastid=157571 |date=11 October 2012 }}. 27 November 2009. Team Mangalorean (Mangalorean.Com)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {{blockquote|Social films like the Kazar was the need of the day as they portray the family bonding. Films should send happy vibes into the society by keeping the faith as well as the morals of the society.|Bishop Aloysius Paul D'Souza during the blessing of the first show at Adlab's Big Cinemas in Bharat Mall (Mangalore)}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2009 films]]<br /> [[Category:2000s Konkani-language films]]<br /> [[Category:2009 Indian films]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rayachoty_Assembly_constituency&diff=530072 2026-04-14T03:34:15Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Put up</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Rayachoty<br /> | map_image = Legislative Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh (128-Rayachoti highlighted).png<br /> | map_caption = Location of Rayachoty Assembly constituency within Andhra Pradesh<br /> | mla = [[Mandipalli Ramprasad Reddy]]<br /> | party = {{Party index link|Telugu Desam Party}}<br /> | alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}<br /> | latest_election_year = [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2024]]<br /> | state = [[Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> | district = [[Annamayya district|Annamayya]]<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Rajampet Lok Sabha constituency|Rajampet]]<br /> | reservation = None<br /> | electors = 231,637<br /> | established = 1951<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | constituency_no = 128<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''[Https://Www.Rayachoty.com Rayachoty] Assembly constituency''' is a constituency in [[Annamayya district]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]] that elects representatives to the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] in [[India]]. It is one of the seven assembly segments of [[Rajampet Lok Sabha constituency]].<br /> <br /> [[Mandipalli Ramprasad Reddy]] is the current [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] of the constituency, having won the [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Telugu Desam Party]]. As of 25 March 2019, there are a total of 231,637 electors in the constituency.&lt;ref name=electors&gt;{{cite web |title=Electors Summary |url=http://ceoandhra.nic.in/ceoap_new/ceo/documents/Electors_Summary%20_25.03.2019.pdf |website=Chief Electoral Officer, Andhra Pradesh |access-date=24 May 2019 |date=25 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{update after|2024|6}} The constituency was established in 1951, as per the ''Delimitation Orders (1951)''.<br /> <br /> == Mandals ==<br /> The constituency is formed with Six Mandals.&lt;ref name=delimitation2008&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3931-delimitation-of-parliamentary-assembly-constituencies-order-2008/ |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary &amp; Assembly Constituencies Order - 2008 |website=Election Commission of India |date=26 November 2008 |accessdate= 12 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {{srn}}<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-hash&quot;<br /> !Mandals<br /> |-<br /> | Sambepalli<br /> |-<br /> | [[Chinnamandem]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[Rayachoty]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[Galiveedu]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[Lakkireddipalli]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[Ramapuram, Kadapa district|Ramapuram]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Members of the Legislative Assembly==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Member<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Political party<br /> |-<br /> | [[1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1952]]<br /> |Y. Adinarayana Reddy<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1955 Andhra State Legislative Assembly election|1955]]<br /> |Y. Adinarayana Reddy<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1962 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1962]]<br /> | Rachamalla Narayana Reddy<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Swatantra Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1967 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br /> | M. K. Reddy<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1972 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1972]]<br /> | Habibullah Mahal<br /> |-<br /> | [[1978 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1978]]<br /> | rowspan=2 |[[Palakondrayudu Sugavasi]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1983 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1983]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1985 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1985]]<br /> | rowspan=2 |Mandipalli Nagi Reddy<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1989 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1989]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[1994 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1994]]<br /> | M. Narayana Reddy<br /> |-<br /> | [[1999 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1999]]<br /> |rowspan=2|[[Sugavasi Palakondrayudu]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2004 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2004]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2009 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2009]]<br /> |rowspan=4 |[[Gadikota Srikanth Reddy]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2012 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly by-election|2012]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|YSR Congress Party|rowspan=3}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2014]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2019]]&lt;ref name=election2019/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://results.eci.gov.in/ac/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS011.htm|title=Assembly Election 2019|website=Election Commission of India|access-date=24 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524074223/http://results.eci.gov.in/ac/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS011.htm|archive-date=24 May 2019|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |[[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2024]]<br /> |[[Mandipalli Ramprasad Reddy]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> <br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Election results ==<br /> ===1952=== <br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Rayachoty&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_MADRAS.pdf | title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1951 : To the Legislative Assembly of Madras | publisher=Election Commission of India | access-date=2014-10-14 |archive-date=27 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127201450/https://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_MADRAS.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} <br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Y. Adinarayana Reddy]] |party=Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party |votes=24,568 |percentage=46.52% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gurjala Reddayya Naidu |party=Socialist Party (India)|votes=12,959 |percentage=24.54% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Biram Saheb |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,444 |percentage=14.09% |change=14.09% }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gundlur Mohammad Sayeed |party=Independent politician |votes=6,418 |percentage=12.15% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Narasupalli Nagireddi |party=Independent politician |votes=1,426 |percentage=2.70% |change= }} <br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=11,609 |percentage=21.98% |change= }} <br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=52,815 |percentage=62.23% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 84,877 |change = }} <br /> {{Election box new seat win |winner=Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party |loser= |swing= }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2004===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2004 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Rayachoty}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Telugu Desam Party<br /> |candidate = [[Palakondrayudu Sugavasi]]<br /> |votes = 51,026<br /> |percentage = 50.5<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |candidate = Sreelatha Minnamreddy<br /> |votes = 47,782<br /> |percentage = 47.29<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority|<br /> |votes = 3,244<br /> |percentage = 3.21<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout|<br /> |votes = 1,01,029<br /> |percentage = 68.06<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,48,435<br /> |ref= }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link|<br /> |winner = Telugu Desam Party<br /> |loser = <br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2009===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Rayachoty&lt;ref name=election2012&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11673-andhra-pradesh-legislative-assembly-election-2012/ |title=Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election, 2012 - Andhra Pradesh - Election Commission of India |date= |author= |access-date= 14 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Indian National Congress <br /> |candidate = [[Gadikota Srikanth Reddy]]<br /> |votes = 71,901<br /> |percentage = 50.21<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Telugu Desam Party<br /> |candidate = [[Palakondrayudu Sugavasi]]<br /> |votes = 57,069<br /> |percentage = 39.85<br /> |change =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Praja Rajyam Party<br /> |candidate = Mahaboob Basha Shaik<br /> |votes = 6,469<br /> |percentage = 4.52<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority|<br /> |votes = 14,832<br /> |percentage = 10.36<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> | votes = 1,43,194<br /> | percentage = 76.74<br /> | change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,86,579<br /> |ref= }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link<br /> | winner = Indian National Congress<br /> | loser = Telugu Desam Party<br /> | swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===By-election 2012===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2012 Andhra Pradesh by-elections]]: Rayachoty&lt;ref name=election2012&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11673-andhra-pradesh-legislative-assembly-election-2012/ |title=Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election, 2012 - Andhra Pradesh - Election Commission of India |date= |author= |access-date= 14 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link||party=YSR Congress Party|candidate=[[Gadikota Srikanth Reddy]]|votes=90,978|percentage=57.15|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link||party=Telugu Desam Party|candidate=Subramanyam Sugavasi|votes=34,087|percentage=21.41|change=}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Mandipalli Ramprasad Reddy]]|votes=25,344|percentage=15.92|change=}}<br /> {{Election box majority||votes=56,891|percentage=35.74|change=}}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> | votes = 1,59,206<br /> | percentage = 79.51<br /> | change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 2,00,226<br /> |ref= }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link<br /> | winner = YSR Congress Party<br /> | loser = Indian National Congress<br /> | swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2014===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Rayachoty&lt;ref name=election2014&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11673-andhra-pradesh-legislative-assembly-election-2014/ |title=Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election, 2014 - Andhra Pradesh - Election Commission of India |date= |author= |access-date= 14 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = YSR Congress Party<br /> |candidate = [[Gadikota Srikanth Reddy]]<br /> |votes = 96,891<br /> |percentage = 56.39<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Telugu Desam Party<br /> |candidate = Reddeppagari Ramesh Kumar Reddy<br /> |votes = 62,109<br /> |percentage = 36.15<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Jai Samaikyandhra Party<br /> |candidate = [[Mandipalli Ramprasad Reddy]]<br /> |votes = 3,272<br /> |percentage = 1.90<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority|<br /> |votes = 34,782<br /> |percentage = 20.24<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> | votes = 1,71,819<br /> | percentage = 76.23<br /> | change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 2,25,388<br /> |ref= }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link<br /> | winner = YSR Congress Party<br /> | loser = <br /> | swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2019===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Rayachoty&lt;ref name=election2019&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11673-andhra-pradesh-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election, 2019 - Andhra Pradesh - Election Commission of India |date= |author= |access-date= 14 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = YSR Congress Party<br /> |candidate = [[Gadikota Srikanth Reddy]]<br /> |votes = 98,990<br /> |percentage = 56.94<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Telugu Desam Party<br /> |candidate = Reddappagari Ramesh Kumar Reddy<br /> |votes = 66,128<br /> |percentage = 38.04<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |candidate = Shaik Allabakash <br /> |votes = 2,615<br /> |percentage = 1.5<br /> |change =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above]]<br /> |votes = 2,226<br /> |percentage = 1.28<br /> |change =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Janasena Party<br /> |candidate = S. Hasan Basha<br /> |votes = 1,480<br /> |percentage = 0.85<br /> |change =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority|<br /> |votes = 32,862<br /> |percentage = 18.90<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout|<br /> |votes = 1,73,843<br /> |percentage = 74.98<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 2,31,856<br /> |ref= }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link|<br /> |winner = YSR Congress Party<br /> |loser = <br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2024===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Rayachoty}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Telugu Desam Party<br /> |candidate = [[Mandipalli Ramprasad Reddy]]<br /> |votes = 95,925<br /> |percentage = 47.99<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = YSR Congress Party<br /> |candidate = [[Gadikota Srikanth Reddy]]<br /> |votes = 93,430<br /> |percentage = 46.74<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |candidate = Shaik Allabakash<br /> |votes = 5,571<br /> |percentage = 2.79<br /> |change =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |party = NOTA<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above]]<br /> |votes = 1,592<br /> |percentage = 0.8<br /> |change =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority|<br /> |votes = 2,495<br /> |percentage = 1.25<br /> |change =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout|<br /> |votes = 1,99,901<br /> |percentage = 77.39<br /> |change =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link|<br /> |winner = Telugu Desam Party<br /> |loser = YSR Congress Party<br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[List of constituencies of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]<br /> * [[Kadapa district]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S01/partycomp152.htm Election Commission of India results page (1978 –)]<br /> <br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh}}{{Annamayya district}}<br /> {{coords|14.05|78.75|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Kadapa district]]<br /> [[Category:Annamayya district]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]<br /> [[Category:1951 establishments in Madras State]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=1962_Indian_general_election_in_Madras_State&diff=481824 2026-04-05T06:24:34Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|none}}<br /> {{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}<br /> {{For|State Assembly election|1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election}}<br /> {{Infobox election<br /> | election_name = Indian general election in Madras, 1962<br /> | country = India<br /> | type = parliamentary<br /> | ongoing = no<br /> | previous_election = Indian general election in Madras, 1957<br /> | previous_year = 1957<br /> | next_election = Indian general election in Madras, 1967<br /> | next_year = 1967<br /> | election_date = February 1962<br /> | seats_for_election = 41 (of 494) seats in the [[Lok Sabha]]<br /> | registered = 18675436<br /> | turnout = 12843914 (68.77%) {{increase}} 21.02%<br /> <br /> | image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=K Kamaraj 1976 stamp of India (cropped).jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=0|oTop=02}} <br /> | leader1 = [[K. Kamaraj]] <br /> | party1 = Indian National Congress<br /> | leaders_seat1 = ''Did not contest''<br /> | seats1 = '''31''' <br /> | seat_change1 = {{no change}}<br /> | popular_vote1 = '''5,623,013'''<br /> | percentage1 = '''45.26%'''<br /> | swing1 = {{decrease}} 1.26%<br /> <br /> | image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=CN_Annadurai.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=0|oTop=02}}<br /> | leader2 = [[C.N. Annadurai]]<br /> | leaders_seat2 = [[Rajya Sabha]]<br /> | party2 = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<br /> | seats2 = 7 <br /> | seat_change2 = {{increase}} 5<br /> | popular_vote2 = 2,315,610<br /> | percentage2 = 18.64%<br /> | swing2 = ''Contested as Independents''<br /> <br /> | map_image = Tamil Nadu in India.png<br /> | map_size = 200px<br /> | map_caption = [[Tamil Nadu]]<br /> <br /> | title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]<br /> | posttitle = Prime Minister after election<br /> | before_election = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]<br /> | before_party = Indian National Congress<br /> | after_election = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]<br /> | after_party = Indian National Congress<br /> }}<br /> The [[1962 Indian general election]] polls in [[Tamil Nadu]] were held for 41 seats in the state. The result was a victory for [[Indian National Congress]] winning 31 out of 41 seats. This would mark the last time, that Congress has won more than 30 seats in this state, without the help of allies. After the defeat of Congress, in Madras, in 1967, Congress sought help and allied with local parties, to get seats in Madras/Tamil Nadu.<br /> <br /> ==Voting and results==<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !colspan=2 rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party<br /> ! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Seats<br /> ! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Popular vote<br /> |-<br /> !Contested<br /> !Won<br /> !'''+/−'''<br /> !Votes<br /> !%<br /> !±[[Percentage point|pp]]<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | [[Indian National Congress]]<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|41<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|31<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|{{nochange}}<br /> |56,23,013<br /> |45.26<br /> |{{decrease}}1.26%<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|18<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|7<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|{{increase}}7<br /> |23,15,610<br /> |18.64<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|New<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |[[Communist Party of India]]<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|14<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|2<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|{{nochange}}<br /> |12,72,313<br /> |10.24<br /> |{{increase}}0.18%<br /> |-<br /> | {{party color cell|Swatantra Party}}<br /> |[[Swatantra Party]]<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|16<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|0<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|New<br /> |13,00,526<br /> |10.47<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|New<br /> |-<br /> |{{party color cell|Independent}}<br /> |[[Independent politician|Independents]]<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|46<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|0<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|{{decrease}}8<br /> |9,33,150<br /> |7.51<br /> |{{decrease}}32.26%<br /> |-<br /> | colspan=&quot;8&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#E9E9E9&quot; |<br /> |- style=&quot;font-weight:bold;&quot;<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;| Total<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|41<br /> | colspan=2 bgcolor=&quot;#E9E9E9&quot; |<br /> | 1,24,24,036<br /> | colspan=2 bgcolor=&quot;#E9E9E9&quot; |<br /> |-<br /> |-<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Invalid votes<br /> |align=&quot;center&quot;|4,19,878<br /> | colspan=2 align=&quot;center&quot;|3.26<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; rowspan=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#E9E9E9&quot;  |<br /> |-<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Votes cast / turnout'''<br /> |'''1,28,43,984'''<br /> | colspan=2 align=&quot;center&quot;| '''68.77'''<br /> |-<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Registered voters'''<br /> | '''1,86,75,436'''<br /> | colspan=2 align=&quot;center&quot;| 100.00<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == List of Elected MPs ==<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> !colspan=&quot;2&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Constituency<br /> ! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Winner<br /> ! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Runner-up<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Margin<br /> |-<br /> !Candidate<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party<br /> ! data-sort-type=number | Votes<br /> ! data-sort-type=number | %<br /> !Candidate<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party<br /> !data-sort-type=number | Votes<br /> !data-sort-type=number | %<br /> !data-sort-type=number | Votes<br /> !data-sort-type=number | %<br /> |-<br /> !1<br /> |[[Chennai North Lok Sabha constituency|Madras North]]<br /> |P. Srinivasan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |122,160<br /> |37.67<br /> |Abdus Samad<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian Union Muslim League}}<br /> |[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]]<br /> |113,311<br /> |34.94<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|8,849<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|2.73<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !2<br /> |[[Chennai South Lok Sabha constituency|Madras South]]<br /> |K. Manoharan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |151,917<br /> |44.73<br /> |C. R. Ramaswamy<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |89,771<br /> |26.43<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|62,146<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|18.30<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !3<br /> |[[Sriperumbudur Lok Sabha constituency|Sriperumbudur]] (SC)<br /> |P. Sivasankaran<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |157,733<br /> |52.56<br /> |K. Munuswamy<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |142,361<br /> |47.44<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|15,372<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|5.12<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !4<br /> |[[Chengalpattu Lok Sabha constituency|Chingleput]]<br /> |O. V. Alagesan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |169,988<br /> |53.10<br /> |S. Krishnaswamy<br /> |{{Party color cell|Independent}}<br /> |[[Independent (politician)|IND]]<br /> |150,110<br /> |46.90<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|19,878<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|6.20<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !5<br /> |[[Tiruvallur Lok Sabha constituency|Tiruvallur]]<br /> |V. Govindaswamy Naidu<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |157,343<br /> |47.92<br /> |M. Gopal<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |143,908<br /> |43.83<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|13,435<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|4.09<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !6<br /> |[[Vellore Lok Sabha constituency|Vellore]]<br /> |Abdull Wahid<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |114,872<br /> |41.03<br /> |N. Sivaraj<br /> |{{Party color cell|Republican Party of India}}<br /> |[[Republican Party of India|RPI]]<br /> |90,906<br /> |32.47<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|23,966<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|8.56<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !7<br /> |Wandiwash (SC)<br /> |Jayaraman<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |111,053<br /> |39.39<br /> |M. Krishnasami<br /> |{{Party color cell|Republican Party of India}}<br /> |[[Republican Party of India|RPI]]<br /> |100,256<br /> |35.56<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|10,797<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|3.83<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !8<br /> |[[Tiruvannamalai Lok Sabha constituency|Tiruvannamalai]]<br /> |Dharmalingam<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |141,254<br /> |48.99<br /> |G. Neelakantan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |137,528<br /> |47.69<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|3,726<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|1.30<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !9<br /> |[[Tindivanam Lok Sabha constituency|Tindivanam]]<br /> |R. Venkatasubba Reddiar<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |132,330<br /> |48.35<br /> |K. Ramamoorthi Goundar<br /> |{{Party color cell|Swatantra Party}}<br /> |[[Swatantra Party|SWA]]<br /> |118,033<br /> |43.12<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|14,297<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|5.23<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !10<br /> |[[Cuddalore Lok Sabha constituency|Cuddalore]]<br /> |T. Ramabadra Naidu<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |160,811<br /> |51.38<br /> |T. D. Muthukumaraswami Naidu<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |125,424<br /> |40.08<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|35,387<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|11.30<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !11<br /> |[[Chidambaram Lok Sabha constituency|Chidambaram]]<br /> |R. Kangagosabai<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |140,731<br /> |44.63<br /> |R. Thillaivaillalan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |136,671<br /> |43.34<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|4,060<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|1.29<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !12<br /> |Tirukoilur (SC)<br /> |L. Elaya Perumal<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |134,815<br /> |53.51<br /> |C. Govindaraju<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |117,115<br /> |46.49<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|17,700<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|7.02<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !13<br /> |Tiruppattur<br /> |R. Muthu Gounder<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |151,938<br /> |51.59<br /> |Duraiswami Goundan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |118,303<br /> |40.17<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|33,635<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|11.42<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !14<br /> |[[Krishnagiri Lok Sabha constituency|Krishnagiri]]<br /> |K. Rajaram<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |127,508<br /> |48.78<br /> |C. R. Narasimhan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |118,907<br /> |45.49<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|8,601<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|3.29<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !15<br /> |[[Salem Lok Sabha constituency|Salem]]<br /> |S. V. Ramaswamy<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |147,525<br /> |49.34<br /> |K. Rajagopal<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |135,787<br /> |45.42<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|11,738<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|3.92<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !16<br /> |[[Tiruchengode Lok Sabha constituency|Tiruchengode]]<br /> |P. Subbarayan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |109,799<br /> |43.74<br /> |S. Kandappan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |97,635<br /> |38.90<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|12,164<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|4.84<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !17<br /> |[[Namakkal Lok Sabha constituency|Namakkal]] (SC)<br /> |V. K. Ramaswamy<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |118,603<br /> |43.83<br /> |M. P. Vadivelu<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |109,652<br /> |40.52<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|8,951<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|3.31<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !18<br /> |[[Erode Lok Sabha constituency|Erode]]<br /> |Paramasiva Gounder<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |156,739<br /> |45.75<br /> |Narayanan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |117,561<br /> |34.32<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|39,178<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|11.43<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !19<br /> |[[Gobichettipalayam Lok Sabha constituency|Gobichettipalayam]]<br /> |P. G. Karuthiruman<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |142,993<br /> |49.77<br /> |K. M. Ramasami Gounder<br /> |{{Party color cell|Independent}}<br /> |[[Independent (politician)|IND]]<br /> |71,558<br /> |24.91<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|71,435<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|24.86<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !20<br /> |[[Nilgiris Lok Sabha constituency|Nilgiris]]<br /> |Akkamma Devi<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |163,420<br /> |52.54<br /> |M. E. Madhanan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]<br /> |75,299<br /> |24.21<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|88,121<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|28.33<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !21<br /> |[[Coimbatore Lok Sabha constituency|Coimbatore]]<br /> |P. R. Ramakrishnan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |151,019<br /> |39.06<br /> |Parvathi Krishnan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]<br /> |108,458<br /> |28.05<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|42,561<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|11.01<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !22<br /> |[[Pollachi Lok Sabha constituency|Pollachi]]<br /> |C. Subramaniam<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |176,512<br /> |56.40<br /> |R. M. Ramasami<br /> |{{Party color cell|Swatantra Party}}<br /> |[[Swatantra Party|SWA]]<br /> |76,415<br /> |24.41<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|100,097<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|31.99<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !23<br /> |[[Periyakulam Lok Sabha constituency|Periyakulam]]<br /> |Malaichamy Thevar<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |146,829<br /> |48.44<br /> |Muthaih<br /> |{{Party color cell|Independent}}<br /> |[[Independent (politician)|IND]]<br /> |143,930<br /> |47.48<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|2,899<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|0.96<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !24<br /> |[[Madurai Lok Sabha constituency|Madurai]]<br /> |N. M. R. Subbaraman<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |140,574<br /> |39.55<br /> |K. T. K. Tangamani<br /> |{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]<br /> |123,386<br /> |34.72<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|17,188<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|4.83<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !25<br /> |Melur (SC)<br /> |P. Maruthaiah<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |155,629<br /> |52.17<br /> |V. S. Sivaprakasam<br /> |{{Party color cell|Swatantra Party}}<br /> |[[Swatantra Party|SWA]]<br /> |142,710<br /> |47.83<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|12,919<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|4.34<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !26<br /> |[[Dindigul Lok Sabha constituency|Dindigul]]<br /> |T. S. Soundaram Ramachandram<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |138,574<br /> |43.23<br /> |M. S. Abdul Khader<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |84,921<br /> |26.49<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|53,653<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|16.74<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !27<br /> |[[Karur Lok Sabha constituency|Karur]]<br /> |R. Ramanathan Chettiar<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |139,385<br /> |48.59<br /> |P. Ponnambala Gounder<br /> |{{Party color cell|Swatantra Party}}<br /> |[[Swatantra Party|SWA]]<br /> |100,229<br /> |34.94<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|39,156<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|13.65<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !28<br /> |[[Tiruchirappalli Lok Sabha constituency|Tiruchirapalli]]<br /> |K. Anada Nambiar<br /> |{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]<br /> |156,706<br /> |47.80<br /> |M. K. M. Abdul Salam<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |147,332<br /> |44.94<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;&quot;|9,374<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;&quot;|2.86<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !29<br /> |[[Perambalur Lok Sabha constituency|Perambalur]]<br /> |Era Sezhiyan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |188,926<br /> |55.90<br /> |M. Palaniyandi<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |133,536<br /> |39.51<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|55,390<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} ; color:white;&quot;|16.39<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !30<br /> |[[Pudukkottai Lok Sabha constituency|Pudukkottai]]<br /> |R. Umanath<br /> |{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]<br /> |134,162<br /> |44.99<br /> |L. Alagusundaram Chettiar<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |103,944<br /> |34.86<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;&quot;|30,218<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;&quot;|10.13<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !31<br /> |[[Kumbakonam Lok Sabha constituency|Kumbakonam]]<br /> |C. R. Pattabiraman<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |155,389<br /> |47.21<br /> |T. K. Srinivasan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |144,490<br /> |43.90<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|10,899<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|3.31<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !32<br /> |[[Mayiladuthurai Lok Sabha constituency|Mayuram]] (SC)<br /> |Maragatham<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |149,330<br /> |45.74<br /> |Subirravelu<br /> |{{Party color cell|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]<br /> |106,059<br /> |32.48<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|43,271<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|13.26<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !33<br /> |[[Nagapattinam Lok Sabha constituency|Nagapattinam]]<br /> |Gopalsamy Thenkondar<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |161,421<br /> |45.98<br /> |C. Kandasamy Thevar<br /> |{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]<br /> |129,004<br /> |36.74<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|32,417<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|9.24<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !34<br /> |[[Thanjavur Lok Sabha constituency|Thanjavur]]<br /> |Vairava Thevar<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |143,185<br /> |43.58<br /> |Vallatharasu<br /> |{{Party color cell|Praja Socialist Party}}<br /> |[[Praja Socialist Party|PSP]]<br /> |115,112<br /> |35.04<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|28,073<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|8.54<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !35<br /> |[[Ramanathapuram Lok Sabha constituency|Ramanathapuram]]<br /> |N. Arunachalam<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |145,396<br /> |41.14<br /> |Salivateeswaran<br /> |{{Party color cell|Swatantra Party}}<br /> |[[Swatantra Party|SWA]]<br /> |114,513<br /> |32.40<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|30,883<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|8.74<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !36<br /> |Aruppukkottai<br /> |U. Muthu Ramalinga Thevar<br /> |{{Party color cell|All India Forward Bloc}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[All India Forward Bloc|AIFB]]<br /> |175,772<br /> |51.72<br /> |Arumugasami<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |155,919<br /> |45.88<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|All India Forward Bloc}} ; color:white;&quot;|19,853<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|All India Forward Bloc}} ; color:white;&quot;|5.84<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !37<br /> |Koilpatti (SC)<br /> |S. C. Balakrishnan<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |150,175<br /> |47.94<br /> |Velu Kudumban<br /> |{{Party color cell|Swatantra Party}}<br /> |[[Swatantra Party|SWA]]<br /> |93,843<br /> |29.96<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|56,332<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|17.98<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !38<br /> |[[Tirunelveli Lok Sabha constituency|Tirunelveli]]<br /> |Muthiah<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |151,822<br /> |47.69<br /> |Mariadas Ruthnasamy<br /> |{{Party color cell|Swatantra Party}}<br /> |[[Swatantra Party|SWA]]<br /> |129,803<br /> |40.77<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|22,019<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|6.92<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !39<br /> |[[Tenkasi Lok Sabha constituency|Tenkasai]]<br /> |M. P. Swamy<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |165,169<br /> |51.15<br /> |S. A. Muruganandam<br /> |{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]<br /> |93,729<br /> |29.02<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|71,440<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|22.13<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !40<br /> |[[Tiruchendur Lok Sabha constituency|Tiruchendur]]<br /> |T. T. Krishnamachari<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |colspan=&quot;9&quot;|''Won Uncontested''<br /> |-<br /> <br /> !41<br /> |[[Nagercoil Lok Sabha constituency|Nagercoil]]<br /> |A. Nesamony<br /> |{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot; |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br /> |157,208<br /> |56.37<br /> |P. Vivekananda<br /> |{{Party color cell|Independent}}<br /> |[[Independent (politician)|IND]]<br /> |81,587<br /> |29.25<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|75,621<br /> |style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;&quot;|27.12<br /> |-<br /> <br /> |}<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> *[[Elections in Tamil Nadu]]<br /> <br /> == Bibliography ==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> *[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf Volume I, 1962 Indian general election, 3rd Lok Sabha]<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://eci.nic.in/ Website of Election Commission of India]<br /> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090303040541/http://ibnlive.in.com/politics/stats.php CNN-IBN Lok Sabha Election History]<br /> <br /> {{Tamil Nadu elections|state=expanded}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1962 Indian general election by state or union territory|Madras]] <br /> [[Category:1962 Indian general election|M]]<br /> [[Category:1962 elections in India]]<br /> [[Category:Indian general elections in Tamil Nadu]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karan_Tacker&diff=508514 2026-04-03T16:01:22Z

<p>Jimmy6788: created first data needs work</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian actor (born 1986)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2025}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=December 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Karan Tacker<br /> | image = Karan Tacker snapped at the premiere of Tanvi The Great (cropped).jpg<br /> | caption = Tacker in 2025<br /> | birth_name = <br /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1986|05|11}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Bombay]], [[Maharashtra]], India<br /> | nationality = <br /> | occupation = {{hlist|Actor|host}}<br /> | known_for = <br /> | years_active = 2009–present<br /> }}<br /> '''Karan Tacker''' (born 11 May 1986&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |title=8 times birthday boy Karan Tacker stole our heart with these drool-worthy selfies |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/celebrity/story/8-times-birthday-boy-karan-tacker-stole-our-heart-with-these-drool-worthy-selfies-322867-2016-05-11 |magazine=India Today |date=11 May 2016 |access-date=22 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;) is an Indian actor who primarily works in [[Hindi]] television and series. Tacker is best known for his portrayal of Viren Singh Vadhera in ''[[Ek Hazaaron Mein Meri Behna Hai]]'', Farooq Ali in ''[[Special OPS]]'' and [[Amit Lodha]] [[Indian Police Service|IPS]] in ''[[Khakee: The Bihar Chapter]]''. In 2014, he participated in ''[[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa season 7|Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 7]]'' and emerged as the 1st runner-up.<br /> <br /> == Early life ==<br /> Tacker was born on 11 May 1986 in [[Mumbai]], in a [[Hinduism|Hindu]] family from [[Punjabis|Punjab]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Desai |first1=Purva |date=31 July 2012 |title=Parineeti &amp; I are true Punjabis: Karan Tacker |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Parineeti-I-are-true-Punjabis-Karan-Tacker/articleshow/15274472.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=20 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; He acquired a degree in [[Business Management]] before joining the television space.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/discussion/378345/happy-birthday-karan-tacker-10-photos-which-prove-why-we-need-him-bollywood|title=Happy Birthday Karan Tacker: 10 Photos which prove why we need him in Bollywood ASAP|date=12 May 2017|access-date=30 August 2017|archive-date=15 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915220123/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/discussion/378345/happy-birthday-karan-tacker-10-photos-which-prove-why-we-need-him-bollywood|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Career== <br /> === Early work in television (2009–2019) ===<br /> Tacker had his first acting appearance in the film ''[[Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi]]'' (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Karan Tacker all set to foray into Bollywood |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Karan-Tacker-all-set-to-foray-into-Bollywood/articleshow/52375355.cms |work=The Times of India |date=22 May 2016 |access-date=22 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tacker made his television debut with ''[[Love Ne Mila Di Jodi]]'', where he played Sameer Saxena opposite [[Perneet Chauhan]], from 2009 to 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=<br /> https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/love-ne-mila-di-jodi-then-and-now-karan-tacker-6417333/|title=The cast of Love Ne Mila Di Jodi: Where are they now?|website=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=21 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; From 2010 to 2011, he played Shantanu Khandelwal opposite [[Yashashri Masurkar]] in ''[[Rang Badalti Odhani]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/rang-badalti-odhani-yeh-ishq-haaye-face-the-axe/articleshow/9210149.cms|title=Rang Badalti Odhani, Yeh Ishq Haaye face the axe|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=14 July 2011 |access-date=14 July 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> Tacker had his career breakthrough with ''[[Ek Hazaaron Mein Meri Behna Hai]]'', where he played Viren Singh Vadhera opposite [[Krystle D'Souza]], from 2011 to 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.metromasti.com/tv/news/Karan-Tacker-Kushal-Tandon-to-feature-in-Tum-Se-Hi-on-Star-Plus/11374|title=Karan Tacker and Kushal Tandon to play them ain male leads in Star Plus next|work=Metro Masti|access-date=16 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; The series earned him nomination for [[Indian Television Academy Awards|ITA Award for GR8! Performer Of The Year – Male]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Ek Hazaaron Mein to end as actors refuse to age |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Ek-Hazaaron-Mein-to-end-as-actors-refuse-to-age/articleshow/20085061.cms |website=Times of India|date=17 May 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2014, Tacker participated in the dance reality show ''[[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa]]'' and emerged as the first runner up of the show.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-karan-tacker-of-ek-hazaaron-mein-behna-hai-on-jhalak/articleshow/33900488.cms|title=Karan Tacker in Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa|work=The Times of India |date=18 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tacker then became host for ''Halla Bol'' (2014), ''[[The Voice (Indian TV series)|The Voice India]]'' (2015) and ''[[Nach Baliye#Season 8|Nach Baliye]]'' (2017).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Karan Tacker looks super hot in this new commercial |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Karan-Tacker-looks-super-hot-in-this-new-commercial/articleshow/52519058.cms |work=The Times of India |date=31 May 2016 |access-date=22 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/television/story/the-voice-india-andtv-singing-reality-show-mika-singh-himesh-reshammiya-sunidhi-chauhan-shaan-256263-2015-06-08|title=The Voice India debuts with fantastic singing|newspaper=India Today|date=8 June 2015|access-date=24 July 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818111457/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/the-voice-india-andtv-singing-reality-show-mika-singh-himesh-reshammiya-sunidhi-chauhan-shaan/1/442987.html|archive-date=18 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Success with streaming projects (2020–present) ===<br /> <br /> Tacker expanded to web in 2020 with ''[[Special Ops (Indian TV series)|Special Ops]]'', where he played an undercover agent. This marked his return to acting in a major role after 7 years after ''Ek Hazaaron Mein Meri Behna Hai'', that ended in 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/karan-tacker-to-make-a-comeback-with-neeraj-pandey-s-web-series-special-ops-1649240-2020-02-23|title=Karan Tacker to make a comeback with Neeraj Pandey's web series Special Ops|website=India Today|date=23 February 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Saibal Chatterjee]] stated that he gave an &quot;impressive performance&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;ndtv.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Special Ops Review: Burning Espionage Thriller Never Loses The Plot|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/special-ops-review-slow-burning-espionage-thriller-never-loses-the-plot-3-stars-out-of-5-2196073|access-date=14 August 2020|website=NDTV.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Divyanshi Sharma of ''[[India Today]]'' noted, &quot;Tacker gives a fine performance and looks dashing throughout.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=21 March 2020|first=Divyanshi|last=Sharma|title=Special Ops Review: An overly-stretched espionage thriller|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/web-series/story/special-ops-review-an-overly-stretched-espionage-thriller-1658100-2020-03-21|access-date=21 January 2021|website=India Today|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2021, Tacker reprised his role in the spin off series ''[[Special Ops 1.5: The Himmat Story]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Disney+Hotstar announces Special Ops 1.5, the backstory of Himmat Singh | website=India Today | date=22 January 2021 | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/disney-hotstar-announces-special-ops-1-5-the-backstory-of-himmat-singh-1761835-2021-01-22 | access-date=3 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Tacker portrayed [[Superintendent of police (India)|SP]] [[Amit Lodha]] [[Indian Police Service|IPS]] opposite [[Nikita Dutta]] in the 2022 series ''[[Khakee: The Bihar Chapter]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/neeraj-pandey-netflix-team-up-for-crime-series-khakee-the-bihar-chapter/article66056705.ece|title=Neeraj Pandey, Netflix team up for crime series 'Khakee: The Bihar Chapter'|newspaper=The Hindu|date=26 October 2022|via=www.thehindu.com|archive-date=11 December 2022|access-date=3 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221211114927/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/neeraj-pandey-netflix-team-up-for-crime-series-khakee-the-bihar-chapter/article66056705.ece|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/khakee-the-bihar-chapter-teaser-netflix-neeraj-pandey-karan-tacker-8234628/|title=Khakee The Bihar Chapter teaser: Netflix unveils Neeraj Pandey and Karan Tacker's blood-soaked crime series|date=28 October 2022|access-date=3 November 2022|archive-date=3 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103050033/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/khakee-the-bihar-chapter-teaser-netflix-neeraj-pandey-karan-tacker-8234628/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Both Anuj Kumar and Saikat Chakraborty were appreciative of his performance adding that he &quot;looks the part&quot;, but criticised the under development of his character.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last1=Kumar |first1=Anuj |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/khakee-the-bihar-chapter-review-inside-the-cauldron-of-caste-and-crime/article66204157.ece |title=Khakee: The Bihar Chapter review: Inside the cauldron of caste and crime |access-date=23 December 2022 |website=The Telegraph |date=30 November 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Tacker had two releases in 2025. He first made his film debut with ''[[Tanvi the Great]]'', portraying an army officer.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/karan-tacker-reacts-two-releases-day-tanvi-great-special-ops-2-says-im-extremely-nervous-anxious/ |title=Karan Tacker reacts to two releases on the same day – Tanvi The Great and Special Ops 2; says, &quot;I'm extremely nervous and anxious&quot; |accessdate=18 July 2025 |website=Bollywood Hungama |date=18 July 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A ''[[Bollywood Hungama]]'' critic found him to be &quot;adorable&quot; in his role.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|access-date=18 July 2025|title=Tanvi The Great Movie Review: TANVI THE GREAT is a heartfelt and well-intentioned film|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/tanvi-the-great/critic-review/tanvi-the-great-movie-review/tanvi-the-great-is-a-heartfelt-and-well-intentioned-film/|work=Bollywood Hungama |date=18 July 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He then reprised his role in the second season of ''Special Ops''. Chirag Sehgal of ''[[News18]]'' noted, &quot;Tacker gets less screen time in comparison to the first season but does his part with utmost perfection.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|access-date=18 July 2025|title=Special Ops 2 Review: Tahir Raj Bhasin steals the show, Kay Kay Menon's return is impressive|url=https://www.news18.com/movies/web-series/special-ops-2-review-tahir-raj-bhasin-steals-the-show-kay-kay-menon-return-is-impressive-ws-l-9447911.html|work=News18}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Tacker played the role of Indian paranormal investigator Gaurav Tiwary in, ''[[Bhay: The Gaurav Tiwari Mystery]]'' that released in December 2025 on [[Amazon MX Player]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |title=Bhay – The Gaurav Tiwari Mystery trailer: Internet reacts to Karan, Kalki starrer |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/ott/story/bhay-the-gaurav-tiwari-mystery-trailer-karan-tacker-kalki-koechlin-starrer-internet-reaction-2833075-2025-12-09 |magazine=India Today |date=9 December 2025 |access-date=24 December 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Media image==<br /> In [[The Times of India|Times Most Desirable Men on Television]] list, Tacker was placed 3rd in 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/meet-the-times-20-most-desirable-men-on-tv/articleshow/64223234.cms|title=Meet The Times 20 Most Desirable Men on TV|date=19 May 2018|work=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Filmography==<br /> === Films ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year <br /> ! Title <br /> ! Role <br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Notes<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2025<br /> | ''[[Tanvi the Great]]''<br /> | [[Captain]] Samar Raina<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title='Tanvi The Great': Anupam Kher announces new directorial |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/tanvi-the-great-anupam-kher-announces-new-directorial/article67923546.ece/ |access-date=16 April 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=7 March 2024 |language=en-IN |archive-date=14 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250414082100/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/tanvi-the-great-anupam-kher-announces-new-directorial/article67923546.ece |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Television ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year <br /> ! Title <br /> ! Role <br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Notes<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2009–2010 <br /> | ''[[Love Ne Mila Di Jodi]]'' <br /> | Sameer Saxena <br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref name=&quot;KaranT1&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Shruti |first1=Jambhekar |date=9 February 2013 |title=I have dated all my female co-stars: Karan Tacker |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/I-have-dated-all-my-female-co-stars-Karan-Tacker/articleshow/18401549.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=22 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2010–2011 <br /> | ''[[Rang Badalti Odhani]]'' <br /> | Shantanu Khandelwal<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2011–2013 <br /> | ''[[Ek Hazaaron Mein Meri Behna Hai]]'' <br /> | Viren Singh Vadhera <br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ek Hazaaron Mein Meri Behna Hai|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/ek-hazaaron-mein-meri-behna-hai/873352/0|website=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2011 <br /> | ''[[Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon?]]'' <br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | Himself<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | Guest appearance <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2012 <br /> | ''[[Punar Vivah]]'' <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Teri Meri Love Stories]]'' <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2013 <br /> | ''[[Pyaar Ka Dard Hai Meetha Meetha Pyaara Pyaara]]''<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2014 <br /> | ''[[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa season 7|Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 7]]'' <br /> | Contestant <br /> | 1st runner-up<br /> | <br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Web series===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year <br /> ! Title <br /> ! Role <br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Notes<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2020 - present<br /> | ''[[Special Ops (Indian TV series)|Special Ops]]'' <br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Farooq Ali / Amjad Sharif / Rashid Malik<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title='Special Ops' Season 2 trailer - Kay Kay Menon returns as Himmat Singh, battles cyber-terrorism|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/special-ops-season-2-trailer-kay-kay-menon-neeraj-pandey-jiohotstar/article69700531.ece |work=The Hindu |date=16 June 2025 |access-date=16 June 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2021<br /> | ''[[Special Ops 1.5: The Himmat Story]]''<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2022<br /> | ''[[Khakee: The Bihar Chapter]]''<br /> | [[Superintendent of police (India)|SP]] [[Amit Lodha]] [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=28 October 2022 |title=Khakee: The Bihar Chapter Teaser: Karan Tacker and Avinash Tiwary are at loggerheads in Neeraj Pandey's Netflix series |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/khakee-bihar-chapter-teaser-karan-tacker-avinash-tiwary-loggerheads-neeraj-pandeys-netflix-series/ |access-date=1 November 2022 |website=Bollywood Hungama |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|2025<br /> |Special Ops 2<br /> |Farooq Ali<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Bhay: The Gaurav Tiwari Mystery]]'' <br /> | [[Gaurav Tiwari]] <br /> | <br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last=Bhatnagar | first=Akash | title=EXCLUSIVE: Karan Tacker and Kalki Koechlin to star together in a web series | website=Hindustan Times | date=November 2024 | accessdate=21 November 2024 | url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/exclusive-karan-tacker-and-kalki-koechlin-to-star-together-in-a-web-series-101730439214464.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Other appearances ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year <br /> ! Title <br /> ! Role <br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Notes<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2014<br /> | ''Halla Bol'' <br /> | Host <br /> |<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Kaun Banega Crorepati|Kaun Banega Crorepati 8]]'' <br /> | rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Himself <br /> | <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | ''Box Cricket League'' <br /> | <br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Box-Cricket-League-Controversies-on-the-show/photostory/45747270.cms|title=Karan Tacker mifted on BCL!|work=timesofindia.com|access-date=29 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |2015 <br /> | ''[[Farah Ki Dawat]]'' <br /> | Episode: &quot;Karan Special&quot;<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pinkvilla.com/tvtags/karan-johar/farah-ki-daawat-karanvir-bohra-karan-tacker-and-karan-grover-karan-johar-karan-sp|title=Farah Ki Daawat: Karanvir Bohra, Karan Tacker and Karan Grover with Karan Johar at 'Karan Special Episode'! (PICS)|work=pinkvilla.com|access-date=25 July 2016|archive-date=29 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329195113/http://www.pinkvilla.com/tvtags/karan-johar/farah-ki-daawat-karanvir-bohra-karan-tacker-and-karan-grover-karan-johar-karan-sp|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Killerr Karaoke Atka Toh Latkah]]'' <br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=3 March 2015 |title=Krushna Abhishek and Karan Tacker in Killerr Karaoke Atka Toh Latkah |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Krushna-Abhishek-and-Karan-Tacker-in-Killerr-Karaoke-Atka-Toh-Latkah/articleshow/46477399.cms |website=[[Times Of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[India's Got Talent]]'' <br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Karan Tacker, Mouni Roy, Siddharth Shukla, Sana Khan perform at India's Got Talent 6 – view pics! |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/tv/hindi/Karan-Tacker-Mouni-Roy-Sushant-Divgikar-showcase-their-talent-on-Indias-Got-Talent/videoshow/46909362.cms |access-date=16 May 2015 |website=[[Times Of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[The Voice (Indian TV series)|The Voice]]'' <br /> | Host <br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Karan-Tacker-to-host-desi-version-of-The-Voice/articleshow/46716167.cms|title=Karan Tacker to host desi version of 'The Voice'|work=timesofindia.com|date=28 March 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Strictly Come Dancing series 13|Strictly Come Dancing 13]]'' <br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot;| Himself <br /> | <br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=16 September 2015 |title=Karan Tacker to be seen on international dance show |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/celebrity/story/karan-tacker-to-be-seen-on-international-dance-show-uk-strictly-come-dancing-263240-2015-09-16 |website=[[India Today]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Sarojini - Ek Nayi Pehal]]'' <br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pinkvilla.com/karan-tacker-and-krystle-d-souza-are-back-together-sarojini-pics|title=Karan Tacker and Krystle D'Souza are back together for 'Sarojini'! (PICS)|work=pinkvilla.com|access-date=14 August 2017|archive-date=11 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911082900/http://www.pinkvilla.com/karan-tacker-and-krystle-d-souza-are-back-together-sarojini-pics|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Aaj Ki Raat Hai Zindagi]]'' <br /> | <br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Social: Karan Tacker shares dais with Big B on 'Aaj Ki Raat Hai Zindagi' |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/aaj-ki-raat-hai-zindagi/Social-Karan-Tacker-shares-dais-with-Big-B-on-Aaj-Ki-Raat-Hai-Zindagi/articleshow/49814825.cms |access-date=16 November 2015 |website=[[Times Of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2016 <br /> |''[[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa season 9|Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 9]]''<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Karan Tacker surprises friends on the sets of 'Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 9' - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/karan-tacker-surprises-friends-on-the-sets-of-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-9/articleshow/53376757.cms|access-date=7 August 2021|website=The Times of India|date=25 July 2016 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2017 <br /> | ''[[Nach Baliye#Season 8|Nach Baliye 8]]'' <br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Host <br /> | <br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=10 April 2017 |title=Trouble brewing between Nach Baliye 8 hosts Karan Tacker and Upasana Singh? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/trouble-brewing-between-nach-baliye-8-hosts-karan-tacker-and-upasana-singh-lifetv-970584-2017-04-10 |access-date=14 April 2018 |website=[[India Today]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot;| 2018 <br /> | ''The Remix'' <br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The Remix host Karan Tacker: Digital gives you the freedom to unleash your personality |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/the-remix-host-karan-tacker-5108995/ |access-date=23 March 2018 |website=[[The Indian Express]]|date=23 March 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Bepannah]]'' <br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot;| Himself <br /> |<br /> | <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Ace of Space 1]]'' <br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/karan-tacker-mtv-ace-of-space-vikas-gupta-5463642/|title=Karan Tacker: Would love to participate in Ace of Space with Vikas Gupta|work=The Indian Express|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Naagin 3]]'' <br /> | <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2019 <br /> | ''Kitchen Champion 5'' <br /> |<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Awards and nominations ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Award<br /> ! Category<br /> ! Work<br /> ! Result<br /> ! Ref.<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2012<br /> | [[Gold Awards]]<br /> | Most Fit Actor<br /> | {{N/A}}<br /> | {{won}}<br /> |rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://indiantelevisionacademy.com/the-ita-awards/the-12th-ita-awards-2012/|title=ITA Awards 2012: Complete list of winners|access-date=22 January 2015|website=Indian Television Academy Awards}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | [[Indian Television Academy Awards]]<br /> | GR8! Performer Of The Year – Male<br /> | ''[[Ek Hazaaron Mein Meri Behna Hai]]''<br /> | {{nom}}<br /> |-<br /> | 2020<br /> | [[Gold Glam and Style Awards]]<br /> | Most Fit Actor<br /> | {{N/A}}<br /> | {{won}}<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date= 25 November 2020|title=Gold Glam and Style Awards 2020: Hina Khan, Sidharth Shukla win big |url=https://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/gold-glam-and-style-awards-2020-hina-khan-sidharth-shukla-win-big-7064808/ |access-date= |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2023<br /> | [[Iconic Gold Awards]]<br /> | Power Pack Performer<br /> | ''[[Khakee: The Bihar Chapter]]''<br /> | {{won}}<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/brand-focus/iconic-gold-awards-2023-celebrating-the-best-of-bollywood-and-television-on-march-18th-in-mumbai|title=Iconic Gold Awards 2023: Celebrating the Best of Bollywood and Television on March 18th in Mumbai|website=Free Press Journal|access-date=25 February 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist|30em}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Commons category}}<br /> * {{IMDb name|nm5012213}}<br /> * {{Instagram|karantacker}}<br /> <br /> {{Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa}}<br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Tacker, Karan}}<br /> [[Category:Indian male television actors]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:1986 births]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors in Hindi television]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Rayson&diff=541097 2026-03-28T17:36:16Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|English architect (born 1888)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}<br /> {{Multiple issues|<br /> {{More citations |date=July 2024}}<br /> {{Layout|date=July 2024}}<br /> }}<br /> [[File:Thomas Rayson and Canon Crosse on Henley church tower in December 1955.jpg|thumb|Thomas Rayson ''(left)'' and Canon Crosse ''(right)'' on top of the tower of St Mary's Church, Henley, Oxfordshire in December 1955]]<br /> <br /> '''Thomas Rayson''' (5 December 1888 – 28 January 1976) was an English architect who practised in [[Oxford]], and also a watercolourist.<br /> <br /> ==Family==<br /> Rayson was born in [[Chennai|Madras]], India, on 5 December 1888, the second son of William John Rayson, who was then a railway engineer with the Locomotion Fabrication Plant for [[Indian Railways]], and his wife Elizabeth A. English. The family returned to England in 1890 and initially stayed at 8 Chandos Road, [[West Ham]], with the family of Thomas's maternal grandfather James English, who was a foreman boiler maker.&lt;ref&gt;1891 census&lt;/ref&gt; Thomas's father then took over the Union Flag pub at 178 [[Lambeth Road]], London.&lt;ref&gt;1901 census&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Thomas Rayson married Helen Hilton in 1933, and they had two children: Christopher (1934) and Julia (1937).&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.freebmd.org.uk/ Free BMD]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He died at the [[Churchill Hospital]], Oxford, on 28 January 1976.&lt;ref&gt;Death notice in ''The Times'', 31 January 1976, p. 24&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Education==<br /> Rayson served articles with Robert Curwen of [[Bishopsgate Street]] in London, and then studied under Professor [[Arthur Beresford Pite]] and James Black Fulton at the Brixton School of Building.&lt;ref name=who&gt;''Who’s Who in Architecture (1926)'' (The Architectural Press, London)&lt;/ref&gt; He was admitted as an Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1918 and as a Fellow in 1927.{{cn|date=December 2022}}<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> Rayson first came to Oxford in 1910 as an assistant to the architect [[Nathaniel William Harrison]], and in 1911 he was an architectural draughtsman of 22 boarding with his employer’s brother Hude Harrison and his family at 28 Warwick Street in east Oxford.&lt;ref&gt;1911 census of England &amp; Wales&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> He was unable to undertake active service in the [[First World War]] as he had a [[collapsed lung]]. After spending time in [[Cambridge]] working on hospitals from 1916, in 1918 he was employed at the [[Ministry of Works (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Works]], and was the site engineer of [[Witney Aerodrome]] in Oxfordshire.&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes /&gt;<br /> <br /> He started his practice in Oxford in an office in Turl Street, but had moved his office to 15 Broad Street by 1922 and to 47 Broad Street by 1930. By 1926 he was Housing Architect to the Municipal Authorities at [[Witney]] and [[Tottenham]], London, where he designed housing schemes.&lt;ref name=who /&gt;<br /> <br /> [[File:Roundabouts, The Ridings, Headington, Oxford.jpg|thumb|Roundabouts, the house designed in c.1930 by Thomas Rayson for his family]]<br /> <br /> In about 1930 he designed his own house called Roundabouts in The Ridings at the foot of [[Shotover]].<br /> <br /> In 1936 Rayson's office at 47 Broad Street was one of the buildings demolished to make way for the New Bodleian Library (now the [[Weston Library]]), and he moved his office to 35 Beaumont Street. In the late 1940s he moved his office again, this time to 29 Beaumont Street.&lt;ref&gt;''Kelly’s Directory of Oxford'' up to 1976 for dates of his offices&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Rayson, who is described by Geoffrey Tyack as &quot;the last of Oxford's Arts and Crafts-inspired architects&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;Geoffrey Tyack, ''Oxford: An architectural guide'' (Oxford University Press, 1998)&lt;/ref&gt; disliked most modern architecture in Oxford, saying: &quot;St. Catherine's is in brick. It shouldn't be. St. Anne's, Somerville, and St. Hugh's – I should have liked them all to be in harmony with the Oxford tradition. The Law Library? Frankly I don't understand it: why that great monolithic block with columns underneath. Two words describe a lot of modern building like a lot of modern painting and music: barren and empty. One longs for something to hang on to and enjoy.&quot;&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes /&gt;<br /> <br /> He enjoyed drawing and painting, and served as Chairman of the Oxford Art Society. He was also musical and ran a quartet with friends and played with the [[Oxford Orchestral Society]].&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes&gt;&quot;50 years' service to architecture in city and County&quot;, article published in the ''Oxford Times'' on 26 July 1968, p. 18 to celebrate Rayson's half century as an architect in Oxfordshire&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1966 he handed over his office at 29 Beaumont Street to his son Christopher Rayson, who was also an architect, and continued to work with him as a consultant until ill health caused him to retire in 1973/4.&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Works==<br /> [[File:Oxford War Memorial.jpg|thumb|The [[Oxford War Memorial]] in St Giles', Oxford, designed by Thomas Rayson and unveiled in 1921]]<br /> * Job architect for the new Boswell's building on the corner of Cornmarket and Broad Street (1912)<br /> * The house ''Shotover Edge'' on [[Shotover Hill]] for Dr [[L. P. Jacks]], the Master of Manchester College (1914)<br /> * Council housing in [[Witney]] at Highworth Place in the Crofts, and at Hill Close on Oxford Road (1920s)&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol14/pp8-33 ''Victoria County History: Oxfordshire'': Witney Borough], retrieved 23 December 2016&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Woodstock War Memorial, Oxfordshire (1920)&lt;ref name=oxo /&gt;<br /> * [[Chester War Memorial]], with Frederick Crossley (1921/2)<br /> * [[Oxford War Memorial]] (1921)&lt;ref name=oxo&gt;{{cite journal |url=http://oxoniensia.org/volumes/1991/bruce.pdf |first=Alex |last=Bruce |title=The Oxford War Memorial: Thomas Rayson and the Chester Connection |journal=Oxoniensia |volume=LVI |year=1991 |pages=155–168}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * Civic Arts Association War Memorial&lt;ref name=who /&gt;<br /> * Stanton St John War Memorial, Oxfordshire (1921)&lt;ref name=who /&gt;<br /> * Forncett St Mary War Memorial, Norfolk (1921)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1453698|title = Forncett St Mary War Memorial, Forncett - 1453698 &amp;#124; Historic England}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Cogges War Memorial, Oxfordshire&lt;ref name=who /&gt;<br /> * Witney War Memorial, Oxfordshire&lt;ref name=who /&gt; <br /> * The John Player Factory, Botanic Road, Dublin, with Philip Dalton Hepworth (1923)&lt;ref&gt;''Dictionary of Irish Architects 1720–1940''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[St Edward's School, Oxford|St Edward's School]] Sanatorium, Oxford (by early 1920s)&lt;ref name=who /&gt; <br /> * [[John Masefield]]’s theatre on [[Boars Hill]], near Oxford (1924)&lt;ref name=who /&gt;<br /> * Restoration of the former Plough Inn at 38 Cornmarket Street, Oxford (1925)&lt;ref name=oxo /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Malcolm Graham, ''Oxford Heritage Walks: From Oxford Castle to St Giles’'' (Oxford Preservation Trust, 2013), p. 27&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Talbot House, [[Wellington College, Berkshire|Wellington College]] (1938)&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes /&gt;<br /> * Restoration of 28 Cornmarket Street (1951)&lt;ref&gt;Malcolm Graham, ''Oxford Heritage Walks: From Oxford Castle to St Giles’'' (Oxford Preservation Trust, 2013), p. 29&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Headington School, Oxford]], with Gilbert T. Gardner (1928–30)&lt;ref name=oxo /&gt;<br /> * [[John Henry Brookes]]’ house at 195 The Slade, Oxford (1929)&lt;ref&gt;[http://oxonblueplaques.org.uk/plaques/brookes.html Oxfordshire Blue Plaques Board: John Henry Brookes], retrieved 23 December 2016&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Roundabouts, The Ridings, Oxford (1929)&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes /&gt;<br /> * Roebuck pub, Market Street (1938)<br /> * Remodelling of the interior of 75 High Street, [[Burford]], Oxfordshire&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.victoriacountyhistory.ac.uk/explore/items/high-street-east-no-75-now-methodist-church VCH Explore], retrieved 23 December 2016&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Substantial renovations to Cote House (1949–50)&lt;ref&gt;Marcus Binney, &quot;End of the Piers Show&quot;, ''The Times'', 9 April 2004, p. 10[S1]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Restoration of The Row, Oxford Road, Bletchingdon for the Oxfordshire Housing Society (1954)&lt;ref&gt;Thomas Rayson named as the architect on an inscribed stone plaque on the wall&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * Extension at [[Keble College]], with A.B. Knapp-Fisher (1955)&lt;ref&gt;Jennifer Sherwood and Nikolaus Pevsner, ''The Buildings of England'' (Penguin Books, 1974), p. 228&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Restoration of the [[Old Rectory, Epworth]], Lincolnshire, the former home of [[John Wesley]] (1956)&lt;ref&gt;&quot;John Wesley's home to be restored”, ''The Times'', 4&amp;nbsp;September 1956, p. 10&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * 18 Northmoor Road (1957)&lt;ref&gt;Oxford City Council: Conservation Area Appraisal: North Oxford Victorian Suburb&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Extension to the Friends Meeting House, St Giles, Oxford (1958)&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes /&gt;<br /> * Old Headington Village Hall (1959)&lt;ref&gt;[http://oldheadingtonvillagehall.co.uk/history/ Old Headington Village Hall: History], retrieved 23 December 2016&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Restorations of [[Blenheim Palace]] (1950s/1960s)&lt;ref&gt;“Blenheim work may take 10 years”, ''The Times'', 19 December 1957, p. 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Butler House, Ashhurst Way, Rose Hill, Oxford (Oxford Cottage Improvement Society sheltered accommodation) (1960)&lt;ref&gt;Rayson's name inscribed on building&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Two extensions to Stone's Almshouses in [[St Clement's, Oxford]]: Parson's Almshouses on the left (1960) and Mary Duncan Almshouses on the right (1964)&lt;ref&gt;Christopher Hibbert and Edward Hibbert (eds.), ''The Encyclopaedia of Oxford'' (Macmillan London Ltd, 1988): entry for Stone's Almshouses, p. 443&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Marsh Building for [[Mansfield College, Oxford]] (1962)&lt;ref&gt;“Mansfield College appeal launched”, ''The Times'', 26 April 1960, p. 14&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Rayson House, Eden Drive, Headington, Oxford (Oxford Cottage Improvement Society sheltered accommodation) (1964)&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes /&gt;<br /> * Restoration of [[Wallingford Town Hall]]&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes /&gt;<br /> * The Park Estate, Stow on the Wold (1949–1960) for North Cotswold Rural District Council &lt;ref&gt;The Buildings of England – Gloucestershire 1: The Cotswolds, David Verey &amp; Alan Brooks, 1999, p.&amp;nbsp;644&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Numerous restorations to Oxfordshire churches, including Great Haseley, Cuddesdon, East Hendred, Ewelme, Fulbrook, Great Rollright, Ipsden, Lyford, Charney Bassett, North Leigh, North Moreton, Shipton-under-Wychwood, Oakley, Fyfield, Wootton by Woodstock, and in the city of Oxford St Giles' and St Peter-in-the-East&lt;ref name=oxfordtimes /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Rayson, Thomas}}<br /> [[Category:1888 births]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Architects from Oxford]]<br /> [[Category:British people in British India]]<br /> [[Category:English watercolourists]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century English architects]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century English male artists]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ratan_Singh_Rathore&diff=474583 2026-03-27T22:41:44Z

<p>Jimmy6788: minor cleanup</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Former Ruler Of Malwa 1656 - 1658}}<br /> {{use dmy dates|date=March 2026}}<br /> {{Infobox royalty<br /> | name = Raja Ratan Singh<br /> | title = Maharajadhiraj Shree Huzur Bahadur<br /> | alt = <br /> | caption = Depiction of Ratan Singh Rathore<br /> | succession = Maharaja Of Ratlam<br /> | image = Ratan Singh of Ratlam.jpg<br /> | reign = 1648-1658<br /> | predecessor = Rao Mahesh Das<br /> | successor = Raja Ram Singh<br /> | birth_date = 6 March 1619<br /> | birth_place = [[Jalore]],[[Pali, Rajasthan|Pali]], [[Marwar]],[[Rajputana]]<br /> | death_date = 15 April 1658 (aged 39)<br /> | death_place = [[Fatehabad, Madhya Pradesh|Fatehabad]], near [[Ujjain]],[[Malwa]],[[Mughal Empire]]<br /> | spouses = {{ubli|Chauhanji Harroop Deiji of [[Bedla]] in [[Mewar]]<br /> |Shekhawatji Sukhroop Deiji of [[Khandela]] in [[Kingdom of Amber|Amber]]<br /> |Sisodiniji Manohar Deiji of [[Pratapgarh, Rajasthan|Pratapgarh]]<br /> |Rajawatji Atiroop Deiji of Dhula in the [[Kingdom of Amber]]<br /> |Rajawatji Gunroop Deiji of [[Bhangarh]] in Amber<br /> |Devadiji Ratan Deiji of [[Sirohi]] }}<br /> | issue = {{ubli|Sons:{{Collapsible list<br /> |Ram Singh<br /> |Rai Singh<br /> |Nahar Singh<br /> |Karan Singh<br /> |Chatrasal<br /> |Akhairaj<br /> |Prithviraj<br /> |Jait Singh<br /> |Kishan Singh<br /> |Soor Singh<br /> |Dhirat Singh<br /> |Sagat Singh}}<br /> }}<br /> {{ubli|Daughters:{{Collapsible list<br /> |Pratap Kanwarji (married Maharawal Amar Singh of [[Jaisalmer]])<br /> |Kushal Kanwarji (married Maharawal Ajab of [[Banswara]])<br /> |Maha Kanwarji (married Raja Daulat Singh of [[Shahpura State|Shahpura]])}}<br /> | full name = <br /> | house = [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]]<br /> | father = Rao Maheshdas<br /> | mother = {{ubli|Kachwahiji Kusum Deiji |daughter of Kunwar Jhujhar Singhji, granddaughter of Raja [[Man Singh I]] of [[Kingdom of Amber|Amber]]}} }}<br /> | father = Rao Mahesh Das<br /> | mother = Kachwahiji (Rajawatji) Kusum Deiji d.of [[Raja Bhagwant Das]] of [[Amber]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Raja Ratan Singh''' (6 March 1619{{snd}}15 April 1658) was the founder of the city of [[Ratlam]] and its eponymous [[Ratlam State]], an imperial governor of 16 parganas in northern [[Malwa|Malwa Subah]],an important [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] [[Subah|Subahdar]] of high rank and a renowned warrior of his time. He gained fame under the patronage of the [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Shah Jahan]].&lt;ref name=RS&gt;{{cite book|title=The Indian Princes and their States|first=Barbara N.|last=Ramusack|date=8 January 2004|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kz1-mtazYqEC&amp;dq=ratan+singh+Norbert+Peabody&amp;pg=PA16|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |page=16|isbn=9781139449083|access-date=2020-09-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Family==<br /> Raja Ratan Singh was born on 6 March 1619 as the eldest son of Rao Mahesh Das in [[Jalore Fort]] under the territory of his paternal home [[Marwar]] and his wife Kachwahiji (Rajawatji) Kusum Deiji, a granddaughter of [[Mirza (name)|Mirza]] [[Raja]] [[Man Singh I]] of [[Kingdom of Amber|Amber]] through his son Jhujhar Singh. His paternal grandfather, Kunwar Dalpat Singh was the son of Mota [[Udai Singh of Marwar|Raja Udai Singh of Marwar]].&lt;ref name=&quot;mertiyo&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/oapen-20.500.12657-41862/mode/1up |title=The Meṛtīyo Rāṭhoṛs of Meṛto, Rājasthān: Select translations bearing on the history of a Rajpūt family, 1462–1660 |date=2001 |publisher=The Centers for South and Southeast Asian Studies, The University of Michigan |others=Translated and annotated by Richard О. Saran and Norman Р. Ziegler |isbn=0-89148-085-4 |editor1-last=Saran |editor1-first=Richard О. |volume=2: ''Biographical Notes with Introduction and Glossary'' |location=Ann Arbor, MI (US) |editor2-last=Ziegler |editor2-first=Norman Р.}} Free to [https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/41862 download from the] OPAEN Foundation.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|[https://archive.org/details/oapen-20.500.12657-41862/page/288/mode/1up 288]}}<br /> <br /> Two of his paternal aunts were married to [[Rao Raja Chattar Sal|Rao Chattarsal of Bundi]] who became the mother of his successor Rao Bhao Singh and his uncle Hari Singh younger brother of Rao Chattarsal and Rao Madho Singh founder of [[Kota, Rajasthan|Kota]], i.e sons of Rao Raja Ratan Singh of [[Bundi]].<br /> <br /> == Accession and career ==<br /> At a young age of twenty-three, Ratan Singh, armed with nothing but a dagger fought and controlled a mad elephant in Delhi and impressed its Emperor.&lt;ref name=&quot;RS&quot; /&gt; Ratan Singh was recruited as an imperial general by Shah Jahan and was posted in [[Afghanistan]] as a [[mansabdar]]. He continued to gain fame by defeating wild bands of central Asian invaders and by later campaigning against the Persians under the Mughal prince [[Dara Shukoh]]. In 1648 he was given a Mughal rank of 3000 horsemen, the standard of [[Mahi Maratib]] and a [[Jagir]] of [[Malwa]], where he made Ratlam his capital.&lt;ref name=&quot;RS&quot; /&gt; Ratan Singh was soon informed about [[Aurangzeb]] and [[Murad Bakhsh|Murad]]'s betrayal and he immediately came to the aid of Shah Jahan to stop the Mughal princes. Ratan Singh fought the rebel army at Dharmatpur on 15 April 1658, most sources say that the Mughal generals deputed by Shah Jahan either fled or remained inactive throughout the battle. Ratan Singh thus took command of the remaining army and fought till his death.&lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2<br /> | 1 = Madhya Pradesh: Ratlam, p.{{nbsp}}41. Government Central Press 1994. &quot;Kasim Khan remained inactive throughout the battle and Jaswant Singh, before leaving for Marwar, handed over the command of the army to Ratan Singh Rathor.&quot;<br /> | 2 = ''History of Modern India from 1526 A.D. to the Present Day''. 3d ed. V. N. Hari Rao, Rochouse, 1969. India, p{{nbsp}}61: &quot;While Kasim Khan remained inactive throughout the battle.&quot;<br /> | 3 = {{Cite book |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature |volume=5: Sasay to Zorgot |publisher= Sahitya Akademi |location=New Dehli |editor-first=Mohan |editor-last=Lal |date=1992 |isbn=9788126012213|page=4456|access-date=2020-09-15|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&amp;dq=ratan+singh+dharmat&amp;pg=PA4456}}<br /> | 4 = {{Cite book|first=V.S.|last=Krishnan|title=Pradesh District Gazetteers: Ratlam|publisher=Government Central Press|year=1994|page=37|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3x8LAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=ratan+singh+dharmat|access-date=2020-09-15}}<br /> }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ML&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey|first1= R. V. |last1=Solomon |first2= J. W. |last2=Bond|year= 2006|chapter=The State of Ratlam|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47sfj8DUwNgC&amp;dq=ratan+singh+ratlam&amp;pg=PA492|pages=492–498|publisher= Asian Educational Services|isbn= 9788120619654|access-date=2020-09-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recognition==<br /> According to Karuna Joshi - &quot;The Battle of Dharmat did not end after Jaswant Singh's flight from the war, but it was finished after the death of Ratan Singh.&quot; &quot;Though Jaswant Singh fought bravely and got wounded, his escape from the battlefield was considered to be derogatory according to the custom of Rajasthan. So he obtained no place in the heroic poetry of Rajasthan. But Ratan singh's bravery, courage and sacrifice brought him name and fame which was amply described in the poems of contemporary poets like Khadia Jaga and Kumbhakaran Sada.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|first=Karuna|last=Joshi|title=New Light on the Battle of Dharmat|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|publisher=Indian History Congress|year=1998|volume=59|pages=427–433|jstor=44147010}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> James Tod has written - &quot;Of all the deeds of heroism performed on this day, those of Ratan of Ratlam by universal consent are pre-eminent and are wreathed into immortal rhyme by the bard in the Rasa Rao Ratna.&quot;&lt;ref name=ML/&gt;<br /> <br /> ''Banhe Raso'', ''Ratan Raso'' and ''Vachanika Rathore Ratan Maheshdasot Ri'' are some works of Rajasthani literature that have written about Ratan Singhs life.&lt;ref name=ZD&gt;{{Cite book|title=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress Volume 59|publisher=Indian History Congress|year=1999|pages=427–428|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XQ5DAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=ratan+singh+dharmat|access-date=2020-09-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Successors==<br /> His successors founded the states of [[Ratlam State|Ratlam]], [[Sailana State|Sailana]], [[Sitamau State|Sitamau]].&lt;ref name=RS/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{#related:Battle of Dharmat}}<br /> {{#related:Ratlam State}}<br /> {{#related:Sailana State}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Indian military leaders]]<br /> [[Category:Hindu monarchs]]<br /> [[Category:Rathore (clan)]]<br /> [[Category:1658 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Ratlam district]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Department_of_Fisheries_and_Ports_(Kerala)&diff=496227 2026-03-24T14:20:32Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> {{Short description|Fisheries and port administration department of Kerala}}<br /> <br /> {{Infobox government agency<br /> | agency_name = Department of Fisheries and Ports<br /> | type = Department<br /> | logo = Government of Kerala Logo.svg<br /> | logo_width = 120px<br /> | jurisdiction = Kerala, India<br /> | headquarters = Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India<br /> | minister1_name = [[Saji Cherian]]<br /> | minister1_pfo = Minister for Fisheries<br /> | minister2_name = [[V.N. Vasavan]]<br /> | minister2_pfo = Minister for Ports<br /> | chief1_name = Dr. K. Vasuki IAS<br /> | chief1_position = Principal Secretary (Fisheries &amp; Ports)<br /> | parent_department = [[Government of Kerala]]<br /> | website = {{URL|https://fisheries.kerala.gov.in}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''Department of Fisheries and Ports''' is an administrative department under the [[Government of Kerala]], responsible for [[Fisheries management|fisheries]] development, [[Harbor|harbour engineering]], [[Port|port infrastructure]], and the welfare of fishermen in the state. The department formulates fisheries policies, ensures sustainable marine resource management, oversees coastal infrastructure development, and supervises fishing harbours and landing centres across [[Kerala]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kerala Fisheries Minister Saji Cherian heads to France to attend UN Ocean Conference |url=https://www.thehawk.in/news/india/kerala-fisheries-minister-saji-cherian-heads-to-france-to-attend-un-ocean-conference |access-date=2025-11-10 |website=www.thehawk.in |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Department of Fisheries - Government of Kerala |url=https://fisheries.kerala.gov.in/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=fisheries.kerala.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-10-31 |title=Vizhinjam will become main maritime gateway of India by 2028, says V N Vasavan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kozhikode/vizhinjam-will-become-main-maritime-gateway-of-india-by-2028-says-v-n-vasavan/articleshow/124965896.cms |access-date=2025-11-10 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2025-07-11 |title=Nearly 400 vessels arrived at Vizhinjam port in last one year: Kerala Minister Vasavan |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/shipping-/-transport/nearly-400-vessels-arrived-at-vizhinjam-port-in-last-one-year-kerala-minister-vasavan/articleshow/122380731.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-11-10 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Express News |date=2025-10-15 |title=Minister announces retirement benefits for fishermen |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2025/Oct/15/minister-announces-retirement-benefits-for-fishermen |access-date=2025-11-10 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> It is one of the key economic and coastal administration departments and functions through directorates, missions, and public sector undertakings. The department implements welfare schemes for fishermen, promotes marine and inland aquaculture, and functions as a nodal authority for centrally sponsored fisheries programmes.<br /> <br /> == Leadership ==<br /> The Department of Fisheries and Ports is headed by [[Minister (government)|Cabinet Ministers]] of the Government of Kerala, and the incumbent Minister for Fisheries is [[Saji Cherian]] and Minister for Ports is [[V. N. Vasavan]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kerala Council of Ministers - Kerala Legislative Assembly |url=https://www.niyamasabha.nic.in/index.php/chief_minister/ministers |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=niyamasabha.nic.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://minister-cooperation.kerala.gov.in/en/profile/&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Administratively, the department is headed by a [[Principal secretary (India)|Principal Secretary to Government]], an [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]] officer. The Principal Secretary is supported by Additional Secretaries, Deputy Secretaries, and Section Officers in the Secretariat.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://gad.kerala.gov.in/sites/default/files/general_attachment/Rules%20of%20Business%20-%20Part%20II.pdf Rules of Business of Government of Kerala – Part II: First Schedule]&lt;/ref&gt; The current Secretary to Government (Ports) is Dr. A. Kowsigan IAS and Secretary to Government (Fisheries) is B. Abdul Nasar IAS.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kerala Govt Transfers 11 IAS Officers, Creates Two New Ex-Cadre Posts; Minhaj Alam Appointed CMD, KSEB - https://indianmasterminds.com |url=https://indianmasterminds.com/news/kerala-ias-transfers-minhaj-alam-cmd-kseb-ex-cadre-posts-139658/ |access-date=2025-11-10 |website=indianmasterminds.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The operational wings of the department include:<br /> * Directorate of Fisheries<br /> * Harbour Engineering Department (HED)<br /> * Coastal Shipping and Inland Navigation entities (selected ports and harbours)<br /> <br /> == Directorate of Fisheries ==<br /> The Directorate of Fisheries is the primary operational field agency of the department. It is headed by the Director of Fisheries, who serves as the Head of Department. The directorate administers schemes related to:<br /> * Marine fisheries<br /> * Inland fisheries and aquaculture<br /> * Fishermen welfare<br /> * Marine conservation and regulation<br /> <br /> Fisheries Officers are posted in all coastal districts and major inland aquaculture zones.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Harbour Engineering Department (HED) ==<br /> The Harbour Engineering Department acts as the technical arm responsible for infrastructure development of fishing harbours, landing centres, and port engineering works. It designs, constructs, and maintains coastal structures such as:<br /> * Fishing harbours<br /> * Fish landing centres<br /> * Inland waterway terminals<br /> * Breakwaters and waterfront facilities&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Harbour Engineering Department - Government of Kerala |url=https://hed.kerala.gov.in/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=hed.kerala.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Functions ==<br /> * Formulation of policies related to marine and inland fisheries.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> * Conservation and management of fish resources and regulation of fishing activities.<br /> * Administration and regulation of minor ports and fishing harbours across the state.<br /> * Implementation of welfare schemes for fishermen including housing, insurance and social protection.<br /> * Promotion of aquaculture, fish farming, and value-added fish processing.<br /> * Infrastructure development through the Harbour Engineering Department.<br /> * Management of coastal safety measures including modernization of harbours.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Subordinate Institutions ==<br /> <br /> === Directorates / Field Departments ===<br /> * Directorate of Fisheries&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> * Harbour Engineering Department<br /> <br /> === autonomous bodies &amp; PSUs ===<br /> * Kerala State Coastal Area Development Corporation Ltd. (KSCADC)<br /> * Kerala State Co-operative Federation for Fisheries Development Ltd. (Matsyafed)<br /> * Agency for Development of Aquaculture Kerala (ADAK)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Agency for Development of Aquaculture Kerala |url=https://adak.kerala.gov.in/ |access-date=2025-11-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Major Institutions and Bodies under the Department ===<br /> * Fishing Harbours (State-owned)<br /> * Fish Landing Centres<br /> * Inland aquaculture farms and hatcheries<br /> * Marine enforcement and monitoring units<br /> <br /> == Fisheries and Port Infrastructure ==<br /> Kerala has one of the largest coastal fisheries networks in India. The department oversees fishing harbours and landing centres along the state's 590 km coastline.<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> ! Sl. No.<br /> ! Category<br /> ! Total units&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Fisheries Statistics - Government of Kerala |url=https://fisheries.kerala.gov.in/en/statistics/ |access-date=2025-11-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || Fishing Harbours || 20<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || Fish Landing Centres || 128<br /> |-<br /> | 3 || Minor Ports under State Government || 7<br /> |-<br /> | 4 || Harbour Engineering Field Offices || 15<br /> |-<br /> | 5 || Aquaculture Farms / Hatcheries || 35<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Government departments of Kerala]]<br /> [[Category:Ports and harbours of Kerala]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dutch_conquest_of_Malabar&diff=497930 2026-03-14T17:31:27Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|1658–1663 victory over Portugal in India}}<br /> {{Infobox military conflict<br /> | conflict = Conquest of Malabar (1658–1663)<br /> | image = File:A battle in the Malabar between the Dutch and the Portuguese in Dec. 1661.jpg<br /> | image_size = 260<br /> | caption = Unknown battle between the Dutch and Portuguese during the campaign.<br /> | partof = [[Dutch–Portuguese War]]<br /> | date = 1658–1663<br /> | place = [[Malabar Coast]], [[India]]<br /> | result = Dutch victory<br /> | territory = Establishment of [[Dutch Malabar]]<br /> | combatant1 = {{flag|Portugal|1578}}&lt;br&gt;{{Flagicon image|Cochin_flag.svg}} [[Kingdom of Cochin|Cochin]]<br /> | combatant2 = {{flag|Dutch Republic}}&lt;br&gt;[[Calicut (kingdom)|Calicut]]<br /> | commander2 = {{ubl|{{flagdeco|Dutch Republic}} [[Rijckloff van Goens]]&lt;br&gt;{{flagdeco|Dutch Republic}} [[Adriaan van der Meyden]]}}<br /> | strength1 = 3,300–3,500 Portuguese Soldiers&lt;br&gt; 4,000–5,000 [[Nairs]]<br /> | strength2 = 29 ships&lt;br&gt;4,000 men&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Hendrik Adriaan Van Reed Tot Drakestein 1636-1691 and Hortus, Malabaricus |last=Heniger |first=J. |publisher=CRC Press |year=2017 |isbn=9781351441070 |edition=E-book |url=https://www.google.nl/books/edition/Hendrik_Adriaan_Van_Reed_Tot_Drakestein/rIZHDwAAQBAJhl=nl&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=van+Goens+gathered+a+fleet+of+29+ships+and+more+then+4000+men&amp;pg=PP52&amp;printsec=frontcover}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | casualties1 = Unknown<br /> | casualties2 = Unknown<br /> | campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Dutch-Portuguese War}}<br /> {{Dutch colonial campaigns}}<br /> {{Portuguese colonial campaigns}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''Conquest of Malabar''' (1658–1663) encompassed a series of military campaigns led by [[Rijckloff van Goens]] with the objective of acquiring Portuguese-controlled territories along the Malabar Coast. The Dutch pursued these campaigns with determination, ultimately achieving success in their endeavor. As a result, the Dutch secured control over various regions along the Malabar Coast, marking a significant shift in the regional geopolitical landscape<br /> <br /> ==Background==<br /> On September 5, 1657, Rijckloff van Goens embarked from [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] on a voyage aimed at challenging the Portuguese presence in the [[Indian subcontinent]]. His journey initially brought him to Ceylon, where his primary objective was to dislodge the Portuguese from their positions on [[Sri Lanka|the island]].{{sfn|Vink|2015|page=366}}<br /> He fleet departed from Batavia on September 6, 1657. By January 10, 1658, a fleet comprising 9 ships, 2 [[sloops]], and 8 large dhonies for transporting ammunition and supplies had been assembled in Colombo, along with a force of approximately 1,500 men. On February 1, the fleet advanced to [[Tuticorin]], successfully capturing the location. On February 20, they reached the island of Manar and secured the fortress there, which held 181 defenders and was captured on February 22. In March 1, Rijckloff van Goens crossed over and led a march to [[Jaffna]]. On April 27, the fort of &quot;Cais,&quot; located on a small island near [[Jaffna]], was captured. Subsequently, van Goens initiated a siege on the main castle in [[Jaffna]]. Because of the Dutch blockade of [[Goa]], no assistance came from there, and the Jaffna castle succumbed on June 22. The surrender followed significant casualties, with over 1,600 individuals within the castle having perished. [[Negapatam]] was successfully taken on August 1. Afterward, van Goens sailed to [[Pulicat]], a key Dutch base on the [[Coromandel Coast]]. He then made a return voyage via [[Jaffna]] and Manar before arriving in Colombo on November 3. During his return, he observed favorable conditions in [[Colombo]] when he returned.{{sfn|Galletti|2021|page=26}}<br /> <br /> ==Conquest==<br /> Rijckloff van Goens resumed his Malabar campaign, capturing [[Quilon]] from the Portuguese on December 29.<br /> [[File:Quilon surrenders to Dutch.jpg|200px|thumb|right|[[Quilon]] surrenders to the Dutch]] After moving to [[Cannanore]], he was instructed to send 500 men back to [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] and temporarily cease operations. Returning to [[Ceylon]], he left a significant garrison in [[Quilon]]. However, the garrison faced a siege from around &quot;3,000 Portuguese and numerous Nairs.&quot; Governor Van der Meyden [[Dutch Ceylon|of Ceylon]] intervened, withdrawing the garrison on April 14, 1659.<br /> <br /> By June 27, 1661, the Batavia Council decided to assemble another fleet to attack Portuguese positions along India's coast and control the [[Goa]] bar, thwarting their support to Ceylon or Europe. On January 25, 1660, van Goens sailed again for Malabar. In early 1661, Governor Van der Meyden led a fleet with 1,200 men to join a patrol already near Malabar. By February 10, they reached Ayacotta, a key point on the strip known as the Island of Yypeen. This stretch links Cochin to the [[Cranganore]] passage, bridging sea and backwater.<br /> <br /> At Ayacotta, near [[Palliport]], Van der Meyden negotiated with the [[Zamorin of Calicut]]'s heir and the King of [[Cranganore]]. They agreed to attack Portuguese forts at [[Palliport]] and [[Cranganore]], sharing spoils if successful. Terms included keeping Christian captives, expelling Portuguese priests, demolishing forts, sharing costs, revenue, and administration. Near Palliport, Van der Meyden's troops landed on February 15, 1661, skirmishing with a [[Nair]] force and sustaining minor losses. On February 16, they advanced toward Palliport's main fortress, which likely differed from the 1507 castle, possibly constructed around 1600. The Portuguese had around 100-150 Europeans and 100 Nairs. The Dutch brought heavy artillery, constructing defenses.{{sfn|Galletti|2021|page=27}}The Dutch positioned two twelve-pound [[cannons]] and a [[Mortar (weapon)|mortar]], building a defensive structure to the south of the fort for protection against potential forces approaching from [[Cochin]]. Simultaneously, the Portuguese fled through the backwater passage, escaping the Dutch sloops before they could intercept them. A group of 300 to 500 Portuguese, accompanied by 4,000 to 5,000 [[Nairs]], had embarked on a journey by land and backwater from [[Cochin]], but their arrival was untimely. The Dutch had already gained control of the fort. A short while later, Van der Meyden gave Palliport to the [[Zamorin]] and returned to Colombo.<br /> <br /> Both Palliport and Cranganore forts held strategic importance for Cochin. However, the Portuguese had fortified Cochin and Cranganore, making it seem too late to take further action in that season. however the Dutch still subsequently laid siege to Cranganore from January 3 to January 15, and their efforts were met with success. The fleet departed on March 5 and reached Colombo on March 26. Some ships were left at Cayenculam to safeguard the company's factory. Dispatches were sent to Batavia on April 5. Van der Meyden believed it unwise to attack the heavily garrisoned Cochin. In contrast, Van Goens believed it necessary to capture both Cochin and Quilon to strengthen their recent acquisitions and secure the region's pepper and wild cinnamon resources. He emphasized that the plan for Cochin should be remembered, regardless of any potential peace treaty with Portugal.<br /> <br /> In the meantime, the initial proposal was to make an attempt on S. Thomé. The Governors of Coromandel and Ceylon agreed that seizing this stronghold from the Portuguese should be a priority before pursuing peace. Van der Meyden envisioned S. Thomé becoming the main base for the Coromandel Coast, while Governor Pit of Coromandel preferred to maintain the headquarters at Pulicat. However, these plans did not materialize. In 1661, the King of Golconda placed S. Thomé under his direct protection.{{sfn|Galletti|2021|page=28}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Hendrik Adriaan Van Reed Tot Drakestein 1636-1691 and Hortus, Malabaricus |last=Heniger |first=J. |publisher=CRC Press |year=2017 |isbn=9781351441070 |edition=E-book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rIZHDwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=van+Goens+gathered+a+fleet+of+29+ships+and+more+then+4000+men&amp;pg=PP52}}&lt;/ref&gt; In March 1662, after capturing several forts, Van Goens returned to Batavia to gather additional reinforcements for a decisive expedition. He established garrisons in Cranganur and Quilon, after their capture. Setting out on August 26, 1662, he reached Cranganur on October 24. By October 28, he had commenced the [[siege of Cochin]]. They then occupied Papeneieland, an island near [[Cochin]], and Bolghatti Island. Additionally, he removed the pro-Portuguese claimant, [[Goda Varma]], from [[Anchi Kaimal]].<br /> [[File:The-capture-of-Cochin-and-victory-of-the-Dutch-VOC-over-the-Portuguese-in-1656.-Atlas-van-der-Hagen.-No-Copyright.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Siege of Cochin]]<br /> On January 5, 1663, Van Goens made the decision to launch an assault on the fort at [[Cochin]].<br /> By January 7, the fort had surrendered. He displaced the Portuguese inhabitants and relocated them elsewhere.<br /> However, news reached Van Goens that Cranganur had been retaken by the Portuguese. Responding promptly, he dispatched a well-equipped force to regain control, successfully recapturing it. This marked the definitive expulsion of the Portuguese from the Malabar region.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Hendrik Adriaan Van Reed Tot Drakestein 1636-1691 and Hortus, Malabaricus |last=Heniger |first=J. |publisher=CRC Press |year=2017 |isbn=9781351441070 |edition=E-book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rIZHDwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=van+Goens+gathered+a+fleet+of+29+ships+and+more+then+4000+men&amp;pg=PP52}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> {{notelist}}<br /> <br /> ==Sources==<br /> * {{Cite book |title=Encounters on the Opposite Coast: The Dutch East India Company and the Nayaka State of Madurai in the Seventeenth Century |last=Vink |first=Markus |publisher=Brill |year=2015 |isbn=9789004272620 |edition=E-book}}<br /> * {{Cite book |title=The Dutch in Malabar Being a Translation of Selections Nos. 1 and 2|first=A.|last=Galletti|date=9 September 2021|publisher=Creative Media Partners, LLC|isbn=9781014898524|url=https://ia801601.us.archive.org/25/items/cu31924023942828/cu31924023942828.pdf}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Sieges of the Dutch–Portuguese War|Malabar]]<br /> [[Category:Sieges involving Portugal|Malabar]]<br /> [[Category:Sieges involving the Dutch Republic|Malabar]]<br /> [[Category:Battles of the Dutch–Portuguese War]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gujarat_under_the_Delhi_Sultanate&diff=501319 2026-03-12T20:44:35Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Adding Some Stub W/ Sources</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|History of Gujarat between 1297–1407}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox former subdivision<br /> |native_name = {{native name|fa|گجرات}}&lt;br&gt;{{native name|gu|Gujarāta}}<br /> |conventional_long_name = Gujarat<br /> |common_name = Gujarat Subah<br /> |subdivision = Governorate<br /> |nation = [[Delhi Sultanate]]<br /> |government_type = Monarchy<br /> |title_leader = King<br /> |title_deputy = Governors<br /> |capital = [[Patan, Gujarat|Patan]]<br /> |today = [[India]]<br /> |year_start = 1297<br /> |year_end = 1407<br /> |image_map = {{South Asia in 1400|center||{{Annotation|54|123|[[File:Long Rectangle (plain).png|50px]]}}||none}}<br /> |image_map_caption = {{center|The Gujarat Governorate and main South Asian polities in 1400 CE.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Schwartzberg |first1=Joseph E. |title=A Historical atlas of South Asia |date=1978 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |page=39, 147|isbn=0226742210 |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=076}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> |p1 = Chaulukya dynasty<br /> |s1 = Gujarat Sultanate<br /> }}<br /> {{History of Gujarat}}<br /> [[Gujarat]], a region in western India, fell under the [[Delhi Sultanate]] following [[Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Gujarat|repeated expeditions]] under [[Alauddin Khalji]] around the end of the 13th century. He conquered the Kingdom of Gujarat which had been under the rule of the [[Vaghela dynasty]] under [[Karna (Vaghela dynasty)|Karna II]] and established Muslim rule in Gujarat. Soon the [[Tughluq dynasty]] came to power in Delhi whose emperor carried out expeditions to quell rebellion in Gujarat and established their firm control over the region by the end of the century. Following [[Timur]]'s invasion of Delhi, the Delhi Sultanate weakened considerably so that the last Tughluq governor [[Muzaffar Shah I|Zafar Khan]] declared himself independent in 1407 and formally established the [[Gujarat Sultanate]].<br /> <br /> ==Background==<br /> Due to the long coast of Gujarat, Muslim presence on its shores has been recorded since the 8th century due to economic and cultural reasons.{{sfn | Patel |2004|p=13}}<br /> <br /> Gujarat remained free from interference of Muslim rulers except for the expedition of [[Mahmud of Ghazni|Mahmud Ghazni]] against the [[Somnath temple|Somnath Temple]] in 1024; the defeat of [[Muhammad of Ghor]] by [[Chaulukya dynasty|Chaulukya]] King [[Bhima II]] of Aṇahilaváḍa (now [[Patan, Gujarat]]) in about 1178; the Ghurid campaigns in 1172 and 1197; and the avenging sack of Aṇahilaváḍa and defeat of Bhíma by [[Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)|Mamluk]] Emperor [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] in 1194, until the reign of [[Alauddin Khalji|Alá-ud-dín Khalji]] (1295–1315).{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=230}}{{sfn | Patel |2004|pp=3-6}}{{efn-ua|The ''Mirăt-i-Áhmedi'' gives an account of an expedition by one Alif khán a noble of Sultán Sanjar’s against Aṇahilaváḍa in 1257. He is said to have built the large stone mosque without the city. Alif khán returned unsuccessful, but not without levying tribute.}}<br /> <br /> In the second half of the 13th century, [[Cambay]] (now Khambhat) was under Muslim official Shihabuddin ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya who must have been appointed under Chaulukya-Vaghela rulers.{{sfn | Patel |2004|pp=13-11}}<br /> <br /> ==Governors under Khalji dynasty==<br /> {{main|Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Gujarat}}<br /> In 1297, [[Ulugh Khan]], general and brother of Alá-ud-dín Khalji, and [[Nusrat Khan Jalesari|Nasrat Khán Wazír]] were sent against [[Patan, Gujarat|Aṇahilaváḍa]]. They took the city expelling [[Karna (Vaghela dynasty)|Karna II]] of [[Vaghela dynasty]], who took refuge in Deccan. They next seized [[Khambhat]], and, after appointing a local governor, returned to Delhi. Ulugh Khán consolidated the conquest by repeated expeditions. The ''[[Kanhadade Prabandha]]'' says that he plundered [[Somnath temple|Somnath]], and there is no doubt that he conquered [[Jalore]] (the ancient Jhálindar) from the Songadha Chauháns. Ulugh Khán died circa 1301–1302.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=230}}{{sfn|Banarsi Prasad Saksena|1992|p=348}}{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=197}}<br /> <br /> [[Alp Khan]], a brother-in-law of Alá-ud-dín, was appointed as the governor of Gujarat. He had governed Gujarát for few years. At the instigation of [[Malik Kafur|Malik Káfur]], he was recalled and put to death by the emperor Alá-ud-dín Khalji in 1316. The [[Jain]] works praise Alp Khan for allowing reconstruction of the shrines destroyed by the Muslim conquerors.{{sfn|Iqtidar Alam Khan|2008|p=24}} Kakka Suri's ''[[Nabhi-nandana-jinoddhara-prabandha]]'' records the [[Palitana temples|Shatrunjaya temple]] renovation permitted by him.{{sfn|John Cort|2010|pp=213-214}}{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=230}}{{sfn|Edward Clive Bayley|1886|p=39}}<br /> <br /> Alp Khán’s execution shook Muslim power in Gujarát, and [[Kamal al-Din Gurg|Kamál-ud-dín]], whom [[Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah|Mubárak Khalji]] sent to quell the disturbances, was slain in battle. Sedition spread till [[Ayn al-Mulk Multani|Ain-ul-Mulk Multáni]] arrived{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=230}} with a powerful army, defeated the rebels and restored order. He was succeeded by Zafar Khán, who after completing the subjection of the country was recalled, and his place supplied by Hisám-ud-dín Parmár.{{efn-ua|According to Ziá Barni (Elliot, III. 218) Hisám-ud-dín was the mother’s brother, according to others he was the brother of Hasan afterwards Khusraw Khán Parmár the favourite of Mubárak Sháh. On coming to Gujarát Hisám-ud-dín collected his Parmár kindred and revolted, but the nobles joining against him seized him and sent him to Dehli. To their disgust Mubárak in his infatuation for Hisám-ud-dín’s nephew or brother, after slapping Hisám-ud-dín on the face set him at liberty.}} This officer, showing treasonable intentions, was imprisoned and succeeded by Malik Wájid-ud-dín Kuraishi, who was afterwards ennobled by the title of Táj or Sadr-ul-Mulk. Khusraw Khán Parmár was then appointed governor, but it is not clear whether he ever joined his appointment.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=231}}<br /> <br /> ==Governors under Tughluq dynasty==<br /> ===Táj-ul-Mulk, 1320 and successors===<br /> The next governor to whom reference is made is Táj-ul-Mulk, who about 1320, was, for the second time, chosen as governor by Sultán [[Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq|Ghiás-ud-dín Tughluq]]. He was succeeded by Malik Mukbil, who held the titles of Khán Jahán and Náib-i-Mukhtár, and who was appointed by the Emperor [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] (1325–1351).{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=231}}<br /> <br /> Subsequently, Muhammad bin Tughluq granted the government of Gujarát to Áhmad Ayáz, Malik Mukbil continuing to act as his deputy. Afterwards when Áhmad Ayáz, who received the title of Khwájah Jahán, proceeded as governor to Gujarát, Malik Mukbil acted as his minister. And about 1338, when Khwájah Jahán was sent against the emperor’s nephew Karshásp and the Rája of Kampila{{efn-ua| In [[Karnataka]], probably on the [[Tungabhadra River]] near [[Vijayanagar]]. Briggs’ ''Muhammadan Power in India, I.'' p. 418 and 428. Briggs speaks of two Kampilás one on the Ganga river and the other on the Tungabhadra near Bijánagar (Vijayanagar).}} who had sheltered him, Malik Mukbil succeeded to the post of governor. On one occasion between [[Baroda]] and [[Dabhoi]], Malik Mukbil, who was escorting treasure and a caravan of merchants to Delhi, was plundered by some bands of the Amírán-i Sada{{efn-ua|literally Captains of Hundreds; singular ''Amír-i Sada''. They held originally small contingents to maintain order in the countryside. Most of them were Mughal converts and the rest were Turk and Afgháns.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=231}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Holt1977&quot;/&gt;}} Aziz Khammar, the governor of Malwa appointed by the emperor, marched against them and executed 89 of them. At last, about 1346, being joined by certain Muslim nobles and Hindu chieftains, they broke into open rebellion and defeated Ázíz Khammar.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=231}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Holt1977&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y99jTbxNbSAC&amp;pg=PA18|title=The Cambridge History of Islam: The Indian Sub-Continent, South-East Asia, Africa and the Muslim West|author1=Holt|first=P. M.|last2=Holt|first2=Peter Malcolm|last3=Lambton|first3=Ann K. S.|last4=Lewis|first4=Bernard|date=21 April 1977|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-29137-8|volume=2A|pages=17–18}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== The emperor quells an insurrection, 1347 ====<br /> In the following year, 1347, Muhammad bin Tughluq, advancing in person, defeated the rebels, and sacked the towns of [[Cambay]] (now Khambhat) and [[Surat]]. During the same campaign he drove the Gohil chief Mokhadaji out of his stronghold on [[Piram Island]] near [[Ghogha]] on the [[Gulf of Khambhat]], and then, landing his forces, after a stubborn conflict, defeated the Gohils, killing Mokhadaji and capturing Ghogha. Afterwards Muhammad bin Tughluq left for [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Daulatabad]] in the Deccan, and in his absence the chiefs and nobles under Malik Túghán, a leader of the Amírán-i Sada, again rebelled, and, obtaining possession of Patan, imprisoned Muîzz-ud-dín the viceroy. The insurgents then plundered Cambay, and afterwards laid siege to [[Bharuch]]. Muhammad Tughlak at once marched for Gujarát and relieved Bharuch, Malik Túghán retreating to Cambay, whither he was followed by Malik Yúsuf, whom the emperor sent in pursuit of him. In the battle that ensued near Cambay, Malik Yúsuf was defeated and slain,{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=231}} and all the prisoners, both of this engagement and those who had been previously captured, were put to death by Malik Túghán. Among the prisoners was Muîzz-ud-dín, the governor of Gujarát. Muhammad Tughluq now marched to Cambay in person, hence Malik Túghán retreated to Pátan, pursued by the emperor, who was forced by stress of weather to halt at Asáwal (now [[Ahmedabad]]). Eventually the emperor came up with Malik Túghán near [[Kadi, Gujarat|Kadi]] and gained a complete victory, Malik Túghán fleeing to [[Thatta]] in [[Sindh]].{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=232}}<br /> <br /> ==== Subdues Girnár and Kutch, 1350 ====<br /> To establish order throughout Gujarát, Muhammad bin Tughluq marched against [[Girnar]], reduced the fortress, and levied tribute from the it [[Chudasama dynasty|Chudasama]] chief [[Khengara]]. He then went to [[Cutch State|Kutch]], and after subduing that country returned to Sorath. At [[Gondal, Gujarat|Gondal]], he contracted a fever, and before he was entirely recovered, he advanced through Kutch into Sindh with the view of subduing the [[Sumra dynasty|Sumra]] chief of Thatta, who had sheltered Malik Túghán. Before reaching Thatta he succumbed to the fever, and died in the spring of 1351. Shortly before his death, he appointed Nizám-ul-Mulk to the government of Gujarát.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=232}}<br /> <br /> In 1351, [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]] succeeded Muhammad bin Tughluq on the throne of Dehli. Shortly after his accession the emperor marched to Sindh and sent a force against Malik Túghán. About 1360 he again advanced to Sindh against Jám Bábunia. From Sindh he proceeded to Gujarát, where he stayed for some months.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=232}}<br /> <br /> ===Zafar Khan, 1371 and successors===<br /> Next year, on leaving for Sindh for the third time, Firuz Shah Tughlaq bestowed the government of Gujarát on Zafar Khán in place of Nizám-ul-Mulk. On Zafar Khán’s death, in 1373 according to ''Farishtah'' and 1371 according to the ''Mirăt-i-Áhmedi'', he was succeeded by his son Daryá Khán who appears to have governed by a deputy named Shams-ud-dín Anwar Khán. In 1376, besides presents of elephants horses and other valuables, one Shams-ud-dín Dámghání offered a considerable advance on the usual collections from Gujarát. As Daryá Khán would not agree to pay this sum he was displaced and Shams-ud-dín Dámghání was appointed governor. Finding himself unable to pay the stipulated amount this officer rebelled and withheld the revenue. Firuz Shah Tughlaq sent an army against him, and by the aid of the chieftains and people, whom he had greatly oppressed, Shams-ud-dín was slain. The government of the province was then entrusted to Farhat-ul-Mulk Rásti Khán.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=232}}<br /> <br /> ===Farhat-ul-Mulk, 1376–1391===<br /> In about 1388, a noble named Sikandar Khán was sent to supersede Farhat-ul-Mulk, but was defeated and slain by him. As the emperor Firuz Shah Tughluq died shortly after no notice was taken of Farhat-ul-Mulk’s conduct and in the short reign of Fírúz’s successor [[Tughluq Khan|Ghiás-ud-dín Tughluq]], no change was made in the government of Gujarát. During the brief rule of [[Abu Bakr Shah]], Farhat-ul-Mulk continued{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=232}} undisturbed. But in 1391, on the accession of [[Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah Tughluq|Násir-ud-dín Muhammad Tughluq II]], a noble of the name of Zafar Khán was appointed governor of Gujarát, and despatched with an army to recall or, if necessary, expel Farhat-ul-Mulk.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=233}}<br /> <br /> ===Zafar Khán, 1391–1403===<br /> {{main|Muzaffar Shah I}}<br /> [[File:002Muzaffir-1.JPG|thumb|Copper coin of [[Muzaffar Shah I|Muzaffar Shah]].]]<br /> In 1391, Sultan Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III appointed Zafar Khan, the son of Wajih-ul-Mulk as governor of Gujarat and conferred him the title of Muzaffar Khan. In passing [[Nagaur|Nagor]] he was met by a deputation from Cambay, complaining of the tyranny of Rásti Khán. Consoling them, he proceeded to Pátan, the seat of government, and then marched against Rásti Khán. The armies met near the village of [[Kamboi]], a dependency of Pátan, and Farhat-ul-Mulk Rásti Khán was slain and his army defeated. To commemorate the victory, Zafar Khán founded a village on the battle-field, which he named Jítpur (the city of victory), and then, starting for Cambay, redressed the grievances of the people.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=233}} It was rumoured that Farhat-ul-Mulk was trying to establish independent rule in Gujarat. In 1392, Farhat-ul-Mulk was defeated and killed in the battle of Khambhoi or Kambhor (now Gambhu), near [[Anhilwad Patan|Anhilwada Patan]] and occupied the city of Anhilwada Patan. He founded Jitpur at the site of victory.&lt;ref name=m1&gt;{{Cite book|title=The Delhi Sultanate|last=Majumdar|first=R.C.|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|year=2006|location=Mumbai|pages=155–157}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn | Taylor |1902|pp=4}}<br /> <br /> On the death of Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III in 1392, his son Sikandar assumed the throne but he died just after 45 days. He was succeeded by his brother [[Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah Tughluq]] II but his cousin [[Nasir-ud-din Nusrat Shah Tughluq|Nusrat Khan]] also claimed similar rank in [[Firozabad|Firuzabad]].{{sfn | Taylor |1902|pp=5}}<br /> <br /> Zafar Khán’s first warlike expedition was against the Rao of [[Idar State|Idar]], who, in 1393, had refused to pay the customary tribute, and this chief he humbled. The contemporary histories seem to show that the previous governors had recovered tribute from all or most of the chiefs of Gujarát except from the Ráo of [[Junagadh]] and the Rája of [[Rajpipla State|Rajpipla]], who had retained their independence. Zafar Khán now planned an expedition against the celebrated [[Somnath temple]], but, hearing that Ádil Khán of [[Asirgarh Fort|Ásír-Burhánpur]] had invaded Sultánpur and [[Nandurbar]], he moved his troops in that direction, and Ádil Khán retired to Ásir.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=233}}<br /> <br /> In 1394, he marched against the Ráo of Junágaḍh named [[Mokalasimha]] and exacted tribute. Afterwards, proceeding to Somnath, he destroyed the temple, built an Jumma Mosque, introduced Islám, left Muslim law officers, and established a ''thána'' or post in the city of [[Prabhas Patan|Somnáth Pátan]] or Deva Pátan. He heard that the Hindus of [[Mandu, Madhya Pradesh|Mandu]] were oppressing the Muslims, and, accordingly, marching there, he beleaguered that fortress for a year, but failing to take it contented himself with accepting the excuses of the Rája. From Mándu he performed a pilgrimage to [[Ajmer]]. Here he proceeded against the chiefs of [[Sambhar, Rajasthan|Sambhar]] and Dandwana, and then attacking the Rájputs of Delváḍa and Jháláváḍa,{{efn-ua|Identification of Delváḍa and Jháláváḍa are somewhat difficult. The context suggests either [[Jalore]] in [[Rajasthan]] or Jháláváḍa in the extreme south-east of Rajasthan, south of [[Kota, Rajasthan|Kota]]. The combination Delváḍa and Jháláváḍa seems to favour [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]] region of Gujarat since there is a [[Delvada]] in the south of the Saurashtra near [[Diu, India|Diu]] and a [[Jhalawad prant|Jháláváḍa]] in the north-east. But the Delváda of the text can hardly be near Diu. It apparently is Delváda near [[Eklingji]] about twenty miles north of [[Udaipur]]. The account of [[Ahmad Shah I]]’s expedition to the same place in 1431 confirms this identification.}} he defeated them, and returned to Pátan in 1396.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=234}}<br /> <br /> About this time his son [[Muhammad Shah I|Tátár Khán]], leaving his baggage in the fort of [[Panipat]], made an attempt on Delhi. But Iqbál Khán took the fort of Pánipat, captured Tátár Khán’s baggage, and forced him to withdraw to Gujarát. In 1397, with the view of reducing Ídar, Zafar Khán besieged the fort, laying waste the neighbouring country.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=234}}<br /> <br /> In prevailing situation, [[Timur]] invaded India and marched on Delhi in 1398. In early 1399, he defeated Mahmud II and looted and destroyed the much of Delhi. Sultan Mahmud II escaped and after many wanderings, reached Patan. He hoped to secure Zafar Khan's alliance to march to Delhi but Zafar Khan declined. He went to Malwa where he was declined again by local governor. Meanwhile, his Wazir Iqbal Khan had expelled Nusrat Khan from Delhi so he returned to Delhi but he had no longer enough authority over provinces which were ruled independently by his governors.{{sfn | Taylor |1902|pp=5}}<br /> <br /> Before Zafar Khan had taken the Idar fort Zafar Khán received news of Timur's conquest of Delhi, and concluding a peace with the Ídar king, returned to Pátan. In 1398, hearing that the Somnáth people claimed independence, Zafar Khán led an army against them, defeated them, and established Islám on a firm footing.{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=234}}<br /> <br /> In 1403, Zafar Khan's son Tatar Khan urged his father to march on [[Delhi]], which he declined. As a result, in 1403, Tatar imprisoned him in Ashawal (future Ahmedabad) and declared himself sultan under the title of Muhammad Shah. He humbled the chief of [[Nandod]] in [[Rajpipla]]. He marched towards Delhi, but on the way he was poisoned by his uncle, Shams Khán Dandáni at Sinor on the north bank of [[Narmada River]]. Some sources says he died naturally due to weather or due to his habit of heavy drinking. After the death of Muhammad Shah, Zafar was released from the prison in 1404. Zafar Khán asked his own younger brother Shams Khán Dandáni to carry on the government, but he refused. Zafar Khán accordingly sent Shams Khán Dandáni to Nágor in place of Jalál Khán Khokhar. Zafar took over the control over administration. In 1407, he declared himself as Sultan [[Muzaffar Shah I]] at Birpur or Sherpur, took the insignia of royalty and issued coins in his name. Thus he formally established [[Gujarat Sultanate]].{{sfn | Taylor |1902|pp=6-7}}&lt;ref name=&quot;m1&quot;/&gt;{{sfn | Nayak |1982|pp=66-73}}{{snf|Campbell|1896|p=235}}<br /> <br /> ==Architecture==<br /> [[File:Jami Masjid Complex, Khambhat.JPG|thumb|[[Jami Masjid, Khambhat|Jami Masjid]] in Khambhat, built in 1325 during Tughluq rule, marks the start of Islamic architecture in Gujarat.]]<br /> The construction during this period continued earlier local architecture tradition which has reached in its pinnacle as [[Māru-Gurjara architecture|Maru-Gurjara Architecture]]. The tradition continued in temples, mosques, residents and civic structures. The local tradition was modified and expanded to suit Islamic believes, rituals and practices. The construction of Islamic ritual buildings such as mosques were codified and standardised. Such codification is found in 15th century Sanskrit treatise, ''Rahmana-Prasada''. One such early example of mosque include the Jami Mosque in [[Mangrol, Kathiawar|Mangrol]] built in 1383-84.{{sfn | Patel |2004|pp=7-11}}<br /> <br /> The notable mosques built during this period include Mosque of Al-Iraji at Junagadh (1286–87), Rahimat Mosque in Mangrol (1382–1383), [[Jami Masjid, Bharuch|Jami Mosque of Bharuch]] (1321), [[Jami Masjid, Khambhat|Jami mosque of Khambhat]], Bahlol Khan Gazi or Hilal Khan Kazi Mosque (1333) and Tanka Mosque (1361) in [[Dholka]]. The tomb of Al-Khazeruni in Khambhat was built in 1333.{{sfn | Patel |2004|pp=xi-xvi}}<br /> <br /> === Stepwells ===<br /> The [[Madhavav]] in [[Wadhwan]] was built in 1294 (Vikram Samvat 1350) by Nagar Brahmin Madha and Keshav, the ministers in court of the last Vaghela ruler Karna. The Batris Kotha stepwell in [[Kapadvanj]] may have belonged to the 13th century due to its similarity with the Madha and Vikia stepwells.{{sfn | The Stepwells of Gujarat: In Art-historical Perspective | 1981 |page=22}}<br /> <br /> A large number of stepwells were constructed in the 14th century. Sodhali stepwell in [[Mangrol, Kathiawar|Mangrol]] was built in 1319 (V. S. 1375) by Vali Sodhala of Modha caste.{{sfn | The Stepwells of Gujarat: In Art-historical Perspective | 1981 |page=22}} The stepwell near the Brahma temple of [[Khedbrahma]] belonged to the 14th century judged by its style. The Suda stepwell in [[Mahuva, Bhavnagar|Mahuva]] (1381), Hani stepwell in Dhandhusar (1389/1333 AD) and Siddhnath Mahadev stepwell in Dholka were built during Tughluq rule in Gujarat. The stepwell of Sampa near Ahmedabad was built in 1328.{{sfn | The Stepwells of Gujarat: In Art-historical Perspective | 1981 |page=23}}<br /> <br /> ==List of governors under the Delhi Sultanate (1297–1407)==<br /> {{expand list|date=September 2017}}<br /> <br /> ===Governors under Khalji dynasty===<br /> * [[Ulugh Khan]]<br /> * [[Alp Khan]] (c. 1310–1315)<br /> * [[Kamal al-Din Gurg]] (d. 1315–1316)<br /> * [[Ayn al-Mulk Multani|Ain-ul-Mulk Multani]] (1318)<br /> * Zafar Khán<br /> * Hisám-ud-dín Parmár <br /> * Malik Wájid-ud-dín Kuraishi (aka Táj-ul-Mulk)<br /> * Khusraw Khán Parmár<br /> <br /> ===Governors under Tughluq dynasty===<br /> ;Ghiás-ud-dín Tughluq, Emperor<br /> * Táj-ul-Mulk, Governor, 1320 (2nd time)<br /> ; Muhammad Tughluq Emperor, (1325–1351)<br /> * Malik Mukbil (Khán Jahán and Náib-i-Mukhtár)<br /> * Áhmad Ayáz (Khwájah Jahán) (?–1338)<br /> * Malik Mukbil (1338–?) (2nd time)<br /> * Nizám-ul-Mulk<br /> ;Fírúz Tughluq, Emperor, (1351–1388)<br /> * Zafar Khan, Governor, 1371<br /> * Daryá Khán<br /> * Shams-ud-dín Dámghání<br /> * Farhat-ul-Mulk Rásti Khán, Governor, 1376–1391<br /> * Sikandar Khán (killed)<br /> ;Muhammad Tughluq II, Emperor, 1391–1393<br /> * [[Muzaffar Shah I|Zafar Khán]], 1391–1403<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> {{notelist-ua}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == Bibliography ==<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * {{Cite book|url=http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/104269|title=The Coins Of The Gujarat Saltanat|last=Taylor|first=Georg P.|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Bombay|year=1902|volume=XXI|location=Mumbai|hdl=2015/104269|issue=LVIII|access-date=9 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301005602/http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/104269|archive-date=1 March 2017|url-status=dead}} {{PD-notice}}<br /> * {{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/1980HistoryOfIslamicSultanateInGujarat256D|title=ગુજરાતમાંની ઇસ્લામી સલ્તનતનો ઈતિહાસ (ઇ.સ. ૧૩૦૦થી ઇ.સ.૧૫૭૩ સુધી)|last=Nayak|first=Chhotubhai Ranchhodji|publisher=[[Gujarat University]]|year=1982|location=Ahmedabad|language=gu|trans-title=History of Islamic Sultanate in Gujarat}}<br /> * {{cite book|last=Campbell|first=James Macnabb|editor=[[James Macnabb Campbell]]|title=History of Gujarát|chapter-url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/54652/54652-h/54652-h.htm|series=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency |volume=I(II) |year=1896 |publisher=The Government Central Press|chapter=Chapter I. Early Musalmán Governors.(A.D. 1297–1403.) and II. ÁHMEDÁBÁD KINGS. (A. D. 1403–1573.)|pages=230–236}} {{PD-notice}}<br /> * {{cite book|first=Alka|last=Patel|title=Building Communities in Gujarāt: Architecture and Society During the Twelfth Through Fourteenth Centuries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NBwissQ0_dcC&amp;pg=PR11|year=2004|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-13890-0|pages=xi-xvi, 3–20}}<br /> * {{cite book|author=Jutta Jain-Neubauer|title=The Stepwells of Gujarat: In Art-historical Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=61fSwBF4bbYC|year=1981|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-0-391-02284-3|pages=19–24| ref={{sfnref | The Stepwells of Gujarat: In Art-historical Perspective| 1981}}}}<br /> * {{cite book |author=Iqtidar Alam Khan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iGSKTttoa3IC&amp;pg=PR24 |title=Historical Dictionary of Medieval India |publisher=Scarecrow |year=2008 |isbn=9780810864016 }}<br /> * {{cite book |author=John Cort |title=Framing the Jina: Narratives of Icons and Idols in Jain History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0IF2CAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT392 |year=2010 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-045257-5 }}<br /> * {{cite book |author=Banarsi Prasad Saksena |author-link=Banarsi Prasad Saksena |chapter=The Khaljis: Alauddin Khalji |editor=Mohammad Habib and Khaliq Ahmad Nizami |title=A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526) |volume=5 |edition=Second |year=1992 |publisher=The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_9cmAQAAMAAJ |oclc=31870180 }}<br /> * {{cite book |author=Edward Clive Bayley |author-link=Edward Clive Bayley |title=The Local Muhammadan Dynasties - Gujarát |series=The History of India as Told by Its Own Historians |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OVoOAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PA39 |year=1886 |publisher=W.H. Allen and Co. }}<br /> * {{cite book |author=Peter Jackson |author-link=Peter Jackson (historian) |title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lt2tqOpVRKgC&amp;pg=PA221 |year=2003 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-54329-3 }}<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:History of Gujarat]]<br /> [[Category:Delhi Sultanate]]<br /> [[Category:14th century in India]]<br /> [[Category:13th century in India]]<br /> [[Category:15th century in India]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aditya_Kumar_Mandi&diff=469095 2026-03-09T02:18:46Z

<p>Jimmy6788: quick update</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian writer of Santali language (born 1974)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}<br /> {{Infobox person <br /> | name = Aditya Kumar Mandi<br /> | image = Aditya_Kumar_Mandi.jpg<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1974|1|19|df=y}}<br /> | birth_place = vill-Barughutu p.o-chouter ps-sarenga dist-bankuar west bengal pin-722150<br /> | death_date = <br /> | occupation = service in cisf<br /> | other_names =mandi kishar <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Aditya Kumar Mandi''' is an Indian writer of [[Santali language]]. He won [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Santali|Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 2011. He works in [[Central Industrial Security Force]].&lt;ref name=b&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/CISF-observes-43rd-Raising-Day/articleshow/12215021.cms<br /> |title=CISF observes 43rd Raising Day<br /> |date=11 March 2012|access-date=27 November 2019|website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Biography==<br /> When Mandi was twelve years old, his parents were excommunicated from their village Burughutu, [[Bankura District|Bankura]] because they bought two [[bigha]]s of land from another farmer.&lt;ref name=a&gt;{{cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/sahitya-akademi-awardee-is-a-cisf-constable/916009/<br /> |title=Sahitya Akademi awardee is a CISF constable <br /> |date=24 February 2012|accessdate=27 November 2019|website=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; It was happened because, according to their tradition they could only own ancestral land. After this incident they could not talk to anybody, they could not use village well and their land was taken away. One day his father left home and never returned. According to himself this incident inspired him to start writing.&lt;ref name=a/&gt;<br /> <br /> Mandi's first poem was ''Aam Do Okhal Ka''.&lt;ref name=a/&gt; For his poetry ''Banchao Larhai'' he was awarded [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Santali|Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/akademi%20samman_suchi.jsp<br /> |title=AKADEMI AWARDS (1955-2018)<br /> |website=Sahitya Akademi|accessdate=20 November 2019<br /> }}&lt;/ref&gt; As of 2012 he published 14 books in [[Santhali language|Santhali]] including an [[autobiography]].&lt;ref name=a/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Mandi, Aditya Kumar}}<br /> [[Category:People from Bankura district]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Santali]]<br /> [[Category:Santali people]]<br /> [[Category:1974 births]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=R_Subramaniakumar&diff=527630 2026-03-05T19:49:51Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Put up.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian banker and businessman}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = R Subramaniakumar<br /> | image =<br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_name = <br /> | birth_date = <br /> | birth_place = <br /> | death_date = <br /> | education = <br /> | occupation = Banker<br /> | known for = <br /> | title = MD and CEO, [[RBL Bank]]<br /> | term = 2022 - present<br /> | predecessor = <br /> | successor = <br /> | spouse = <br /> | website =<br /> }}<br /> '''R Subramaniakumar''' is the managing director and chief executive officer of [[RBL Bank]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ex-IOB veteran R Subramaniakumar to join as MD &amp; CEO of RBL Bank from June 24 |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/business/2022/jun/13/ex-iob-veteran-r-subramaniakumar-to-join-as-md--ceo-of-rbl-bank-from-june-24-2465135.html |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=The New Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=R Subramaniakumar, MD &amp; CEO, RBL Bank: The Transformationist |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/r-subramaniakumar-md-ceo-rbl-bank-the-transformationist/2563244/ |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=R Subramaniakumar, Meet Veteran Banker Who Will Lead RBL Bank As MD&amp;CEO |url=https://www.news18.com/news/business/r-subramaniakumar-meet-veteran-banker-who-will-lead-rbl-bank-as-mdceo-5355757.html |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=News18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Early life and education==<br /> Subramaniakumar is a Physics graduate with PGDCA.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Livemint |date=2022-06-11 |title=RBI approves appointment of R Subramaniakumar as MD and CEO of RBL Bank |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/rbi-approves-appointment-of-r-subramaniakumar-as-md-and-ceo-of-rbl-bank-11654967654267.html |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=www.livemint.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> Subramaniakumar started his career with [[Punjab National Bank]] and lead the Business Transformation. He was the executive director at [[Indian Bank]]. He was the executive director and also the MD and CEO of [[Indian Overseas Bank]]. He was an administrator at Dewan Housing Financial Corporation. He also was an Independent Director of the LIC Pension Fund Limited. On 24 June 22, he joined [[RBL Bank]] as the managing director and chief executive officer.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-06-11 |title=Reserve Bank approves appointment of R Subramaniakumar as RBL Bank's MD &amp; CEO |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/business/companies/rbl-bank-new-md-ceo-is-r-subramaniakumar-a-veteran-banker-with-40-years-of-experience-13789062.htm |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=cnbctv18.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-06-13 |title=RBL Bank Names R Subramaniakumar As New MD, CEO |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/business/rbl-bank-names-r-subramaniakumar-as-new-md-ceo-news-202050 |access-date=2022-08-11 |website=www.outlookindia.com/ |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Indian bankers]]<br /> [[Category:Indian chief executives]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian businesspeople]]<br /> [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khadeeja_(film)&diff=509432 2026-03-04T09:10:12Z

<p>Jimmy6788: created new pg more to come</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}<br /> {{Infobox film <br /> | name = Khadeeja<br /> | image =<br /> <br /> | caption =<br /> | director = [[M. Krishnan Nair (director)|M. Krishnan Nair]]<br /> | producer = Kalaratnam<br /> | writer = [[Kottayam Chellappan]]&lt;br&gt;K. G. Sethunath (dialogues)<br /> | screenplay = K. G. Sethunath<br /> | starring = [[Sathyan (Malayalam actor)|Sathyan]]&lt;br&gt;[[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]]&lt;br&gt;[[Sheela]]&lt;br&gt;[[Sukumari]]<br /> | music = [[M. S. Baburaj]]<br /> | cinematography = Mohan Rao<br /> | editing = V. P. Krishnan<br /> | studio = Kalaratnam Films<br /> | distributor = Kalaratnam Films<br /> | released = {{Film date|1967|08|18|df=y}}<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = [[Malayalam Language|Malayalam]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Khadeeja''''' is a 1967 [[Cinema of India|Indian]] [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]] film, directed by [[M. Krishnan Nair (director)|M. Krishnan Nair]] and produced by Kalaratnam. The film stars [[Sathyan (Malayalam actor)|Sathyan]], [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]], [[Sheela]] and [[Sukumari]] in the lead roles. The film had musical score by [[M. S. Baburaj]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=233|title=Khadeeja|accessdate=2014-10-14|publisher=malayalachalachithram.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?4294 |title=Khadeeja |accessdate=2014-10-14 |publisher=malayalasangeetham.info |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316222442/http://malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?4294 |archivedate=16 March 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://spicyonion.com/title/khadeeja-malayalam-movie/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031007/http://spicyonion.com/title/khadeeja-malayalam-movie/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=4 March 2016|title=Khadeeja|accessdate=2014-10-14|publisher=spicyonion.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> {{colbegin}}<br /> *[[Sathyan (Malayalam actor)|Sathyan]]<br /> *[[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]]<br /> *[[Sheela]]<br /> *[[Sukumari]]<br /> *[[Jayabharathi]]<br /> *[[Manavalan Joseph]]<br /> *Sebastian<br /> *[[Sreelatha Namboothiri]]<br /> *Baby Kumudam<br /> *[[Bahadoor]]<br /> *[[K. P. Ummer]]<br /> *[[Kaduvakulam Antony]]<br /> *Kamaladevi<br /> *[[Kottayam Chellappan]]<br /> *[[S. P. Pillai]]<br /> {{colend}}<br /> <br /> ==Soundtrack==<br /> The music was composed by [[M. S. Baburaj]] and the lyrics were written by [[Yusufali Kechery]].<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%;&quot;<br /> ! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length (m:ss)<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || &quot;Ananthashayanaa&quot; || [[S. Janaki]], B. Vasantha || [[Yusufali Kechery]] || <br /> |-<br /> | 2 || &quot;Chakkaravaakku&quot; || [[Zero Babu]] || Yusufali Kechery || <br /> |-<br /> | 3 || &quot;Kanmuna Neetti Monjum Kaatti&quot; || [[L. R. Eeswari]], Chorus || Yusufali Kechery || <br /> |-<br /> | 4 || &quot;Karalil Virinja&quot; || S. Janaki || Yusufali Kechery || <br /> |-<br /> | 5 || &quot;Kasavinte Thattamittu&quot; || B. Vasantha || Yusufali Kechery || <br /> |-<br /> | 6 || &quot;Khadeeje Khadeeje&quot; || P. Thankam || Yusufali Kechery || <br /> |-<br /> | 7 || &quot;Surumayezhuthiya&quot; || [[K. J. Yesudas]] || Yusufali Kechery || <br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb title|0254492|Khadeeja}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1967 films]]<br /> [[Category:1967 Malayalam-language films]]<br /> [[Category:Films directed by M. Krishnan Nair]]<br /> [[Category:Films scored by M. S. Baburaj]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{1960s-Malayalam-film-stub}}</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maharani_(OTT_TV_series)&diff=514817 2026-03-04T06:59:15Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian web-series}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}<br /> {{Infobox television<br /> | image = Official_Poster_of_Maharani_Season_4.jpg<br /> | caption = Poster of Maharani Season 4<br /> | genre = [[Political drama]]<br /> | creator = [[Subhash Kapoor]]<br /> | director = Karan Sharma (season 1)&lt;br/&gt; [[Ravindra Gautam]] (season 2)&lt;br/&gt; Saurabh Bhave (season 3) &lt;br/&gt; Puneet Prakash (season 4) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Maharani 4 Trailer: Huma Qureshi AKA Rani Bharti Takes On Prime Minister For Bihar Ka Vikas|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/maharani-4-trailer-huma-qureshi-aka-rani-bharti-takes-on-prime-minister-for-bihar-ka-vikas-9424394|work=ndtv}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | producer = Naren Kumar &lt;br/&gt; Dimple Kharbanda&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=MumbaiMay 28 |first1=Shweta Keshri |title=Sohum Shah watched videos of Nitish Kumar, Lalu Prasad to prepare for Maharani |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/sohum-shah-watched-videos-of-nitish-kumar-lalu-yadav-to-prepare-for-maharani-1808151-2021-05-28 |access-date=22 June 2021 |work=India Today |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | writer = Subhash Kapoor &lt;br/&gt; Nandan Singh &lt;br/&gt; Umashankar Singh<br /> | starring = {{plainlist|<br /> * [[Huma Qureshi]]<br /> * [[Vipin Sharma]]<br /> * [[Shweta Basu Prasad]]<br /> * [[Sohum Shah]]<br /> * [[Amit Sial]]<br /> * [[Vineet Kumar]]<br /> * [[Kani Kusruti]]<br /> * [[Anuja Sathe]]<br /> * [[Inaamulhaq]]<br /> }}<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Hindi<br /> | num_seasons = 4<br /> | num_episodes = 36<br /> | editor = Kunal Walve<br /> | cinematography = Anup Singh (season 2)&lt;br/&gt;[Anurag Solanki] (season 4)<br /> | runtime = 33–67 minutes<br /> | network = [[SonyLIV]]<br /> | music = [[Rohit Sharma (composer)|Rohit Sharma]]<br /> | company = Kangra Talkies<br /> | composer = <br /> | first_aired = {{start date|2021|5|28|df=y}}<br /> | last_aired = present<br /> }}<br /> '''''Maharani''''' ({{Translation|Empress}}) is an Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[Political drama|political]] [[drama]] [[streaming television]] series created by [[Subhash Kapoor]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/maharani-teaser-huma-qureshi-leads-subhash-kapoor-political-drama-7266403/|title=Maharani teaser: Huma Qureshi is queen in the making in Subhash Kapoor's political drama|date=9 April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Four seasons of the web series have been released with [[Huma Qureshi]] portraying the title character.<br /> <br /> Season 1 of the series is directed by Karan Sharma, Season 2 by Ravindra Gautam and Season 3 by Saurabh Bhave.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=From Running A Takeaway To 'Maharani 2', Amit Sial's Eventful Journey |url=https://www.glamsham.com/ott/web-news/from-running-a-takeaway-to-maharani-2-amit-sials-eventful-journey |access-date=24 August 2022 |work=Glamsham |date=14 August 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/maharani-trailer-huma-qureshis-rani-takes-on-the-men-in-this-political-drama-7323118/|title=Maharani trailer: Huma Qureshi's Rani is a woman forced into a man's world in this political drama|date=20 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/web-series/maharani-3-director-on-creating-an-authentic-political-drama-in-huma-qureshi-starrer-we-love-comebacks-exclusive-article-108353415|title=Maharani 3 Director Exclusive|website=[[Times Now]]|date=9 March 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The series stars [[Huma Qureshi]] as the protagonist&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/huma-qureshi-maintains-effortless-put-together-vibe-orange-midi-dress-worth-rs-11300-maharani-promotions/|title=Huma Qureshi maintains effortless put-together vibe in orange midi dress worth Rs. 11,300 for Maharani promotions|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=13 April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/huma-qureshi-all-set-to-play-games-in-political-thriller-maharani-3623852.html|title=Huma Qureshi All Set to Play Games in Political Thriller Maharani|date=10 April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; along with [[Sohum Shah]], [[Amit Sial]], [[Kani Kusruti]] and [[Inaamulhaq]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/huma-qureshi-undergoes-complete-makeover-to-play-bihar-cm-in-maharani-teaser-out-1789160-2021-04-09|title=Huma Qureshi undergoes complete makeover to play Bihar CM in Maharani. Teaser out|date=9 April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/entertainment-news-exclusive-first-look-huma-qureshi-stars-as-rani-bharti-in-political-drama-maharani/379774|title=Exclusive First Look: Huma Qureshi Stars As Rani Bharti In Political Drama 'Maharani'|date=12 January 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/web-series/article/exclusive-maharani-amit-sial-and-sohum-shahs-character-look-revealed-23171964|title=Exclusive! Maharani: Amit Sial and Sohum Shah's character look revealed|date=6 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The multi-seasons political series is partly inspired by events in Bihar in the 1990s when [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]] made his homemaker wife [[Rabri Devi]] his successor.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/pov/bollywoods-mayawati-rabri-devi-biopics-easy-will-it-ever-touch-bjp-rss-leaders/641706/|title=Bollywood's Mayawati, Rabri Devi biopics easy. Will it ever touch BJP-RSS leaders?|website=[[ThePrint]] |date=18 April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The story of season 1 is from 1995 to 1999 and is inspired by real-life events and characters like [[Ranvir Sena]], [[Left-wing terrorism|left-wing militants]], [[Naxalite]] groups, the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]], 1997 [[Laxmanpur Bathe massacre]], [[Fodder Scam]], [[Brahmeshwar Singh]].<br /> <br /> The first season premiered on [[SonyLIV]] on 28 May 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/maharani-trailer-huma-quareshi-character-changes-the-dynamics-of-bihar-politics-in-this-gripping-video-7308114/|title=Maharani trailer: Huma Qureshi's character changes the dynamics of Bihar politics in this gripping video|date=9 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The story of season 2 is from mid-1999 and is inspired from real-life events and characters like [[Shilpi-Gautam Murder]], [[Sadhu Yadav]], [[Rajiv Goswami]], [[Shibu Soren]], [[Mohammad Shahabuddin (Indian politician)|Mohammad Shahabuddin]], Indian Political Action Committee (I-PAC)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/news/hindi/neha-chauhan-anuja-sathe-join-cast-of-maharani-2/articleshow/93226681.cms|title=Neha Chauhan, Anuja Sathe join cast of 'Maharani 2'|website=[[The Times of India]] |date=30 July 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and [[2000 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/maharani-season-2-clever-writing-in-misandrist-politics-11130861.html|title=Maharani Season 2: Clever writing in misandrist politics|date=28 August 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The teaser of the second season was launched on 16 July 2022 and the trailer was released on 1 August 2022. The second season was released on 25 August 2022 on [[SonyLIV]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Huma Qureshi: 'A few films haven't worked and everyone is ready to write everyone's obituary' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/huma-qureshi-films-have-not-worked-everyone-writing-obituary-8094084/ |access-date=24 August 2022 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=16 August 2022 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The third season trailer been released on 19 February 2024. And the season was released on Sony LIV on 7 March 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Maharani Season 3 Trailer: Huma Qureshi's Rani Bharti Faces New Political Battle |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/web-series/maharani-season-3-trailer-huma-qureshi-rani-bharti-faces-new-political-battle-article-107824939 |access-date=1 March 2024 |work=[[Times Now]] |date=19 February 2024 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is again inspired by and related with many real life events, including the [[Jitan Manjhi]] episode.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Maharani Season 3 web series review: A gripping tale of politics and revenge|url=https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/maharani-season-3-web-series-review-a-gripping-tale-of-politics-and-revenge/|work=South First}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.truescoopnews.com/newsdetail/real-reel-maharani-true-story-based-bihar-nitish-kumar-jitan-ram-manjhis-political-enmity|title=Real vs Reel: Is Maharani 3 a true story based on Bihar CM Nitish Kumar &amp; Jitan Ram Manjhi's political enmity?|work=True Scoop News}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The trailer of season 4 released on 9 October 2025, the show completely released on [[SonyLIV]] on 7 November 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/maharani-season-4-release-date-when-and-where-to-watch-huma-qureshis-show-sonyliv-101760018297699.html|title=Maharani Season 4 release date: When and where to watch Huma Qureshi's political drama series|work=Hindustan Times|date=9 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/maharani-4-ott-release-date-when-and-where-to-watch-huma-qureshis-political-drama-series/f80229812f544|title=Maharani 4 OTT Release Date: When and where to watch Huma Qureshi's political drama series|work=OTT Play|date=9 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Plot==<br /> This is a fictional story, where Rani Bharti is a homemaker and the wife of Bihar's chief minister Bheema. All she cares about is her house and her husband. She wants to pack her bags and go back to the village after her husband resigns from the post of Bihar's CM. But her life takes a turn when her husband and Bihar's CM is made to announce the name of his successor. While his party members look excited to hear who has been appointed, he makes Rani his successor, leaving everyone surprised.<br /> <br /> ===Season 1===<br /> <br /> After being shot, the Bihar CM Bheema Bharti unexpectedly names his wife Rani as his successor. An uneducated woman who was content with her simple ways of living and her regular family life has to now deal with government files she could not read, corruption, and caste massacres within the state. With the caste arithmetic, traditional satraps, and the emerging voices of dissent, will an illiterate woman, Rani Bharti survive this?<br /> <br /> ===Season 2===<br /> <br /> As Bheema Bharti runs a proxy government from prison, CM Rani Bharti is accused of misgovernance while Bihar fights anti-incumbency, jungle raj, and corruption. Lawlessness has gripped the state of Bihar and the opposition holds Rani responsible for the state's ‘jungle raj’.<br /> <br /> Facing a constant turmoil of opposition from her own party and dealing with a husband and political enemies who are obstinately plotting to overthrow her government, she is forced to make some moves that will disrupt the whole political scenario. With elections right around the corner, will Rani's acumen turn victorious, given her own husband is her greatest enemy?<br /> <br /> ===Season 3===<br /> <br /> Step into the gripping world of Bihar politics, where Rani finds herself unjustly imprisoned for three long years. Navin Kumar grabs the CM seat. With Bheema Bharti eliminated, the blame falls on Rani and a chilling tale of vengeance unfolds in Season 3.<br /> <br /> Prepare for a relentless pursuit of justice, intertwined with personal vengeance and political motives.<br /> <br /> ===Season 4===<br /> <br /> The fourth season of Maharani fast-forwards to 2012, where Rani Bharti reigns as Bihar's two-term Chief Minister and a potential contender for national leadership. In Delhi, Prime Minister Sudhakar Sriniwas Joshi struggles to hold together a collapsing coalition, leading to a political confrontation. As ambitions collide and loyalties fracture, Rani and Joshi find themselves in a high-stakes battle for power that could reshape the country's future. Maharani Season 4 depicts themes of political rivalry, corruption, and changing loyalties within India's coalition era.<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> * [[Huma Qureshi]] as Rani Bharti, wife of Bihar's chief minister Bheema character inspired by [[Rabri Devi]]<br /> * [[Vipin Sharma]] as Prime Minister Joshi (Season 4) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Vipin Sharma says new role in 'Maharani' Season 4 pushed him out of comfort zone<br /> |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/vipin-sharma-says-new-role-in-maharani-season-4-pushed-him-out-of-comfort-zone/cid/2127885|work=Telegraph India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Sohum Shah]] as Bihar's chief minister Bheema Bharti character inspired by [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]] (Season 1–2)<br /> * [[Amit Sial]] as Navin Kumar Character inspired by [[Nitish Kumar]], chief of Bihar People's Party<br /> * [[Kani Kusruti]] as Kaveri Sridharan, Rani's secretary<br /> * Pramod Pathak as Satyendranath Mishra, RJSP chief secretary<br /> * [[Inaamulhaq]] as Parvez Alam (Season 1)<br /> * [[Vineet Kumar]] as Gauri Shankar Pandey<br /> * [[Anuja Sathe]] as Kirti Singh<br /> * Tanu Vidyarthi as Khyati<br /> * [[Harish Khanna (actor)|Harish Khanna]] as Shankar Mahto<br /> * Mohammad Aashique Hussain as Prem Kumar Chaubey<br /> * [[Sushil Pandey]] as Kunwar Singh<br /> * Kannan Arunachalam as DGP Siddhant Gautam<br /> * Atul Tiwari as Governor Govardhan Daas<br /> * Pankaj Kashyap (Pankaj Jha) as Diwakar Jha<br /> * [[Neha Chauhan]] as Kalpana Kaul, director of political consultancy firm I-ACT (Season 2)<br /> * [[Anushka Kaushik]] as Shilpa Agarwal (Season 2)<br /> * Sukumar Tudu as Dulari Yadav (Season 2)<br /> * Robin Das as Ekkal Munda (Season 2)<br /> * [[Ansha Sayed]] as Sanjana Dutt, a TV news reporter (Season 2)<br /> * Danish Iqbal as Dilshad Mirza<br /> * Leysan Karimova as Zehra Shaikh<br /> * [[Dibyendu Bhattacharya]] as Martin Ekka (Season 2)<br /> * Kumar Saurabh as Sanyasi Rai (Season 2)<br /> * Pranay Narayan as Kamta Prasad<br /> * Agasthya Shanker as Jagganath Tripathi<br /> * Vishwa Bhanu as Hemraj<br /> * [[Alok Chatterjee]] as Mukhiya<br /> * Neeraj Kashyap<br /> * Divyashekhar Jha as Shrawan Kumar a.k.a. Shaun (Season 2)<br /> * [[Shweta Basu Prasad]] as Roshni Bharti (Season 4) &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=&quot;There is a generational leap&quot;: Shweta Basu Prasad teases her character in Huma Qureshi starrer 'Maharani Season 4'|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/entertainment/bollywood/there-is-a-generational-leap-shweta-basu-prasad-teases-her-character-in-huma-qureshi-starrer-maharani-season-420251101040221/}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Rajeshwari Sachdev]] (Season 4)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title='Maharani 4' trailer out: New faces, new battles, and high-stakes politics|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/ott/maharani-4-trailer-out-new-faces-new-battles-and-high-stakes-politics-1503504707.html|work=thestatesman}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Darsheel Safary]] as Surya (Season 4)<br /> <br /> ==Episode Summary==<br /> {{Series overview<br /> | color1 = #D8E722<br /> | link1 = #Season 1 (2021)<br /> | episodes1 = 10<br /> | released1 = {{Start date|2021|5|28}}<br /> | color2 = #AE0A46<br /> | link2 = #Season 2 (2022)<br /> | episodes2 = 10<br /> | released2 = {{Start date|2022|8|25}}<br /> | color3 = #A0AD89<br /> | link3 = #Season 3 (2024)<br /> | episodes3 = 8<br /> | released3 = {{Start date|2024|3|7}}<br /> | color4 = #59452D<br /> | link4 = #Season 4 (2025)<br /> | episodes4 = 8<br /> | released4 = {{Start date|2025|11|7}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> === Season 1 (2021) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Episode No. !! Title !! Synopsis !! Director<br /> !Duration<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || Jaat Na Poocho Sadhu Ki || 1998 - Bihar is going through a financial crisis and caste wars are rampant throughout the state. Dileep Ram, a Dalit, is killed by Thakur Saheb, a landlord because Dileep refused to send his wife to work at Thakur's mansion. In reprisal, Naxal leader Shankar Mahto kills Thakur along with eight of his men. This leads to political unrest in Bihar and brings the factionalism in the ruling party out in the open. || Karan Sharma<br /> |46 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || Dekh Tamasha Kursi Ka<br /> || CM Bheema Bharti survives the fatal attack but is bedridden. RJSP central observer Ramjeevan Bohra informs Bheema that due to his ill health, the party has decided to elect a new CM. Bheema agrees to resign with a condition that if he gets maximum votes then he will announce his successor and Bohra agrees. A triangular fight ensues between Bheema Bharti, Naveen Kumar and Party President Gauri Shankar Pandey. || Karan Sharma<br /> |47 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 3 || Ghoonghat Ke Pat Khol Re || Illiterate and shy Rani Bharti is completely out of depth while taking CM's oath in cabinet meeting. She feels extremely humiliated as media roasts her and calls her rubber-stamp CM. She decides not to go to the office but when Bheema's PA Mishra Ji reminds her that her reluctance to take charge as CM could lead to another murder attempt on Bheema, Rani gets the message. She orders DGP to find people who were behind murder attempt on Bheema. || Karan Sharma<br /> |57 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 4 || Sadho Yeh Murdon Ka Gaon || CM Rani Bharti faces the first big crisis in the office when Veer Sena, an army of upper-caste people, massacred 37 lower caste people in Laxmanpur village. Rani Bharti gives a 13-day ultimatum to DGP to catch Mukhiya. DGP nabs Mukhiya's right-hand man Kunwar Singh in a daring operation but he refuses to divulge Mukhiya's whereabouts. Meanwhile, Rani gets to know from Finance Secretary Parvez Alam that the state has no money to even pay its employees and all state treasuries are empty. || Karan Sharma<br /> |43 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 5 || Kaun Thagwa Nagariya Lootal Ho || Ranchi DM Manak Gupta pays a visit to Machan Baba, a religious leader, and informs him about the Finance Secretary's visit to Ranchi treasury for audit. Machan baba asks him to be alert. Parvez Alam and his Deputy Anjani Srivastav visit the treasury office in the night and find suspicious bills. Parvez reports to CM Rani that Animal Husbandry Dept (AHD) has done fraudulent withdrawals in millions from Ranchi treasury. CM orders him to investigate AHD withdrawals from all 48 treasuries of Bihar. || Karan Sharma<br /> |39 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 6 || Na Kahu Se Dosti, Na Kahu Se Bair || Parvez Alam interrogates 4 AHD officials of Ranchi and gets to know withdrawals were done by submitting fake bills of supply of seeds, fodder, medical equipment by companies such as VC Foods. He also gets to know fraud was happening with AHD minister Prem Kumar's approval. Rani confronts Prem and asks for his resignation. Prem reminds her that if he goes, her govt will fall too. || Karan Sharma<br /> |47 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 7 || Bahot Kathin Hai Dagar Panghat Ki || Mukhiya with help of SP Nishikant traps and kills ASI Ranjana Kumari, a Naxal sympathizer, who had helped DGP to arrest Kunwar Singh. Shankar Mahto vows revenge. Rani Bharti dismisses Prem Kumar and orders CID investigation into the scam. Infuriated Prem Kumar, on the advice of Gauri Shankar Pandey, leaves RJS party and joins hands with Naveen Kumar along with 8 more MLAs from RJS on the occasion of Makar Sankranti. This brings Rani's Govt into a minority. || Karan Sharma<br /> |49 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 8 || Maaya Maha Thagni Hum Jaani || Bheema, who could now walk with the help of a stick, meets Governor and asks him why did he try to kill him? After all, Machan baba couldn't do anything without Governor's approval. Governor reminds him that he had gone back on his words. Bheema offers Governor a deal - that he won't touch Machan Baba and in return, Governor won't call Rani Govt, which was in minority, for floor test as demanded by Naveen. Bheema, true to his word, stops Rani from arresting Machan baba. || Karan Sharma<br /> |39 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 9 || Chah Gayi Chinta Miti Manua Beparwah || Rani meets Governor at midnight and demands an explanation. Governor drops a bombshell, tells her Bheema Bharti too was part of the Seed Scam. In fact, 3 years ago, post elections, his party RJSP was short of a majority in the Assembly and Bheema became CM only after he agreed to make Virender Thakur, Governor Protege, and Animal Husbandry Minister in the previous govt, as AHD minister in his government too.<br /> |Karan Sharma<br /> |35 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 10 || Jo Ghar Phoonke Apnau, Chale Hamaare Saath || Rani confronts Bheema about the scam, death of Virendra Thakur and his association with Naxal leader Shankar Mahto. Bheema says Virender had joined hands with Mukhiya to kill backward caste people and destabilize his govt, so he asked his college friend Shankar Mahto to kill him. Later he made Prem Kumar as AHD minister with approval from Governor. Bheema adds he did nothing wrong as these are small prices to pay for the social change he brought in Bihar.<br /> |Karan Sharma<br /> |48 mins<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Season 2 (2022) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Episode No. !! Title !! Synopsis <br /> !Director<br /> !Duration<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || Jungleraj || Eight months after Rani sent Bheema Bharti to jail from the Assembly floor and promised a fair and transparent administration to the people of Bihar, she is struggling on both personal and professional fronts. Bheema runs a proxy government from jail and there is lawlessness in Bihar. When a young girl is raped and murdered, the opposition dubs Rani's government as Jungle Raj and demands her resignation. <br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |51 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || Daagi Bane Baagi<br /> || As Rani takes steps to get rid of the Jungle Raj in the state, her own party's MLAs rebel against her. Meanwhile, Naveen Kumar meets Govardhan Das to discuss their next move. <br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |37 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 3 || Vibhajan || RJSP, the ruling party, elects Musafir Baitha as the CM designate. Rani and Naveen eye Jharkhand Jan Party leader Ekkal Munda's support to prove a majority. Bheema walks out of jail and asks Rani to resign. Rani's political move stuns not only her husband but the opposition too. <br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |47 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 4 || Ashirvaad || Violence erupts and spreads throughout Bihar. Rani imposes Section 144 in the state and orders Naveen's arrest. Ex-Governor Govardhan Das returns to Bihar to investigate the violence. Prem Kumar, out on bail, makes a revelation, which breaks Rani's heart. <br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |44 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 5 || Vinashkale Viprite Buddhi || Bihar is gripped by a violent uprising that quickly spreads. On the personal front, Rani's heart is broken by a disclosure made by Prem Kumar, who is on bail. <br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |39 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 6 || Pati Patni Aur Woh || The word of Bheema's love interest gets out to the media while Rani struggles to accept her new reality. Bheema launches a new political party as the elections are announced. Govardhan discloses the truth behind the Siwan violence and Bheema being bombed to Rani. <br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |47 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 7 || Kingmaker || People cast their votes in the elections. Who will Bihar choose as its next chief minister? Rani, Bheema or Naveen? <br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |41 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 8 || Shah Aur Maat || Suspense on the formation of the government continues while Naveen brings Bheema an exciting proposal. Bheema throws a Holi party and invites newly-elected MLAs from the RJSP and BVP parties to form a government. <br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |33 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 9 || Hawamahal || Martin Ekka is appointed as the head of a three-member committee to investigate Bheema Bharti's unexplained death. President's rule is imposed on the state. Mishra decides to unravel the mystery by himself. A new light shines on the case when the committee investigates all the MLAs present at the Holi party.<br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |33 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 10 || Mastermind || Govardhan Das is reappointed as the Governor of Bihar and calls the single largest party, BPP, to form the government. Martin meets Rani to tell her the truth behind Bheema Bharti's death.<br /> |Ravindra Gautam<br /> |61 mins<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Season 3 (2024) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Episode No. !! Title !! Synopsis <br /> !Director<br /> !Duration<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || Pariksha Ki Tayari || Rani Bharti has spent three years in jail without a trial, while CM Navin Kumar has become popular after introducing liquor ban in the state. The high court hands over Dr Sinha's son Manoj Sinha's murder case to the CBI; however, Dulari Yadav, the main accused is found dead. <br /> |Saurabh Bhave<br /> |43 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || Andhere Mein<br /> || Dulari Yadav's unexpected demise sends shockwaves through Navin's cabinet, breeding mistrust amongst them. Kalanaag, frustrated with the treatment meted out to him by the chief minister, brews a plan to malign Navin's government. Meanwhile, Rani's children are shot at outside the school. <br /> |Saurabh Bhave<br /> |39 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 3 || Charo Khane Chit || Rani, out on bail, gives a ticket to Dulari's widow, Saroj Yadav, from the Sargunia seat against Kirti Singh, who is the CM's candidate. However, Saroj Yadav loses the bypoll election after news comes out that Rani herself ordered the hit on her kids. <br /> |Saurabh Bhave<br /> |46 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 4 || Behti Ganga || Kalanaag meets Veer Sena Commander Kunwar Singh and convinces him to sell fake liquor in the state. Martin Ekka is investigating Kirti's husband Sunil Singh's murder and reaches the doorstep of truck driver Mahendra Rai, who is absconding, in Siwan some 100 people die after consuming spurious liquor. <br /> |Saurabh Bhave<br /> |40 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 5 || Nyay Ya Badla || CM Navin Kumar blames Kunwar Singh and raids his hideout. Dilshad Mirza's right hand man, Iliyas, is kidnapped and, on camera, he confesses to running the biggest liquor syndicate in Bihar. Rani confronts Navin in the Bihar Assembly and demands his resignation. <br /> |Saurabh Bhave<br /> |43 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 6 || Maati Ka Khilona || As Sanyasi Rai posts bail, Rani vows to bring down Navin's government and decides to celebrate the Sama-Chakewa festival. Meanwhile, Martin and Mishra confront Mahendra Rai, out on bail, and learn the truth behind Sunil Singh's murder. <br /> |Saurabh Bhave<br /> |35 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 7 || Raj Tilak || Navin is forced to resign as Chief Minister after the double murder and Makhdoomabad hooch tragedy, and announces Kirti's Singh as his successor. The investigative report for both the cases submitted by the Bihar Police reveals a shocking truth. <br /> |Saurabh Bhave<br /> |41 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 8 || Bihar Ki Maharani || A series of events compels Musafir Baitha to change his mind. When Navin asks him to step down from the Chief Minister's post, he refuses as Rani extends her support to him. <br /> |Saurabh Bhave<br /> |51 mins<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Season 4 (2025) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Episode No. !! Title !! Synopsis <br /> !Director<br /> !Duration<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || File Hai Toh Kursi Hai || Maharani Season 4 opens in 2012 as PM Sudhakar Joshi's coalition nears collapse after losing West Bengal CM's support. Joshi's aide seeks Bihar CM Rani Bharti's backing, but she refuses. As Rani asserts her leadership in Bihar, Joshi allies with her jailed rival, Naveen Kumar, to undermine her. Soon, a commission report implicates Rani in an old murder case, triggering a CBI probe. The episode ends with a charged face-off between Rani and Joshi, setting the stage for a fierce political war. <br /> |Puneet Prakash<br /> |54 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || Jootam Paijar<br /> || Rani Bharti resigns as Bihar's CM after rejecting the Maheshwari Commission's allegations, declaring she will take her fight to Delhi. Her son Jai's growing ambition clashes with the old guard of Rani's party like S N Mishra and Kaveri. Meanwhile, Joshi manipulates Tamil Nadu CM Sunderraja to not switch sides and remain in his coalition. CBI arrives in Patna to arrest Rani, but she secures anticipatory bail. The episode ends dramatically as Rani names Roshni Bharti the new CM. <br /> |Puneet Prakash<br /> |48 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 3 || Beti Se Baat Karo || There is heavy backlash over Rani Bharti's decision to appoint her daughter as Bihar's CM. Party veterans like Kaveri and Mishra openly question the move, accusing Rani of promoting dynasty politics. As PM Joshi runs a social media campaign called #NangaNepotism against Rani and Roshni, tensions rise. Roshni soon faces funding cuts from the Centre, testing her leadership. In a fiery Assembly speech, she boldly challenges PM Joshi proving, she's more than just Rani Bharti's daughter. <br /> |Puneet Prakash<br /> |49 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 4 || Vibhishan || The political storm deepens as PM Joshi targets Rani Bharti's family through a coal-mining deal linked to her son Jai. While Rani seeks alliances in Tamil Nadu to counter Joshi, he cunningly manipulates Kaveri - sending her to the UN. Distrust brews within Rani's camp as Jai clashes with Roshni over his business ties with Rishi Agarwal, and Kaveri begins doubting Rani's motives. When Kalanaag warns that Kaveri's betrayal is imminent, Rani is forced to choose between loyalty and survival. <br /> |Puneet Prakash<br /> |39 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 5 || National Star || Kaveri represents India with a powerful UN speech as Rani and Roshni tighten control in Bihar, cancelling all Akshanta Group contracts tied to Jai. This sparks a family confrontation, leading Rani to placate an angry Jai and enlist him for Delhi's political battle. PM Joshi counters Rani's growing alliance against him by framing CM Sunderraja's family in a scandal. As Rani unveils her new opposition front - Rashtriya Jan Sammaan Morcha - Joshi's sabotage forces Sunderraja to leave her coalition. <br /> |Puneet Prakash<br /> |43 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 6 || Gathbandhan || The personal and political turmoil in Rani Bharti's world deepens. Jai seeks Aditi's hand, but Balmukund's acceptance comes with a secret condition that could shake Bihar's power structure. As Rani tries to unite allies, Kaveri warns her that Jai is entangled in a coal scam. Kalanaag manipulates Mishra and fuels divisions within Rani's circle. Just as Rani begins to steady her ground, the CED arrests Jai from his own engagement, and PM Joshi dissolves Parliament, calling early elections. <br /> |Puneet Prakash<br /> |37 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 7 || Personal Is Political || Jai is forcibly brought to Delhi by CED for questioning over alleged money laundering linked to coal block deals. Despite harsh custody conditions, he resists pressure to admit to the charges. Meanwhile, Rani and Roshni uncover Skyron corruption, tracing illicit payments to Nachiket. Jai is granted bail, and Rani nominated him as a candidate in the upcoming elections. Jai exposes Joshi's financial scandals publicly and reveals that Nachiket is the illegitimate son of PM Joshi. <br /> |Puneet Prakash<br /> |48 mins<br /> |-<br /> | 8 || Takht || Election results end in a hung parliament, plunging Delhi into chaos. Rani prepares to stake claim for power, but betrayal brews within - Kaveri and Mishra rebel, splitting the RJSP. Meanwhile, Jai's secret dealings spiral into tragedy, shaking Rani's world to its core. As Joshi triumphantly returns as Prime Minister, Roshni is arrested, and Bihar slips from Rani's grasp. In a searing final confrontation, a shattered Rani vows vengeance, promising to uncover the truth at any cost. <br /> |Puneet Prakash<br /> |72 mins<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> [[Sohum Shah]] gained a 12&amp;nbsp;kg to get look of the politician Bheema, which has been modelled on the basis of [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/varun-dhawan-and-natasha-dalal-donate-for-arunachal-fire-victims-23167253|title=Sohum Shah wraps up shoot for his upcoming film 'Maharani'|date=7 April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In November 2020, some portions were shot in Kachnariya Kothi, [[Bhopal]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/mp/bhopal/news/actress-huma-qureshi-film-kachnariya-kothi-shooting-in-madhya-pradesh-bhopal-127930228.html|title=भोपाल में चल रही शूटिंग:कौन है यह महारानी, जो मुख्यमंत्री बन गई|work=Dainik Bhaskar |date=20 November 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In April 2021, the shooting for web series was also done in [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislature|Legislative Assembly]] (LA) Jammu complex of the erstwhile Jammu and Kashmir state and [[Govt. Gandhi Memorial Science College]], Jammu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/jammu/la-complex-in-jammu-gears-up-for-maharani-shoot-today/|title=LA complex in Jammu gears up for 'Maharani' shoot today|date=31 March 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Around 250 local artists from the theatre and cultural department in Jammu and Kashmir were brought in for the web-series.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/jammu-and-kashmir/jammu-jammu-artists-get-chance-in-bollywood-web-series-queen-21538902.html|title=Jammu: महारानी वेब सीरीज में मिला जम्मू के रिकार्ड कलाकारों को मौका}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/jammu-and-kashmir/jammu-first-time-in-history-film-shooting-in-jammu-kashmir-assembly-premises-21522131.html|title=Film Shooting in Assembly: जम्‍मू-कश्‍मीर ने पहली बार बालीवुड के लिए खोल दिए विधानसभा के द्वार}}&lt;/ref&gt; Some drone shots of [[J.P. Setu]] and [[Buddha Smriti Park]] were also shown in the web series. The shooting of Maharani was completed in seven months.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/sohum-shah-on-comparisons-with-lalu-prasad-rabri-devi-after-maharani-it-is-a-fictional-story-7339837/|title=Sohum Shah on comparisons with Lalu Prasad Yadav after Maharani: 'Expected this but it's a fictional story'|date=2 June 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Reception==<br /> ===Critical response===<br /> ====Season 1====<br /> <br /> Writing for The ''[[Firstpost]]'', Prathyush Parasuraman gave the series 3 stars and stated that Huma Qureshi shines in a sanitised portrayal of [[Rabri Devi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/maharani-review-huma-qureshi-shines-in-a-sanitised-portrayal-of-rabri-devi-to-form-an-engaging-political-drama-9662881.html|title=Maharani review: Huma Qureshi shines in a sanitised portrayal of Rabri Devi to form an engaging political drama|date=28 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Rohan Naahar stated in The Hindustan Times that the series is over-plotted yet underwritten.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/maharani-review-huma-qureshi-tries-her-best-but-sonyliv-s-hollow-new-show-is-over-plotted-yet-underwritten-101622035894218.html|title=Maharani review: Huma Qureshi tries her best, but SonyLIV's hollow show is over-plotted yet underwritten|work=Hindustan Times |date=28 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Archika Khurana wrote in Times of India that the web series is engaging at most times.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/hindi/maharani/seasonreview/82904439.cms|title=Maharani - Season 1 review|website=[[The Times of India]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ''[[The Times Of India]]'' described it as a &quot;well-structured screenplay&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Maharani Review: Maharani |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/hindi/maharani/seriesreview/82900021.cms |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=[[The Times Of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; while Biz Asia pointed out how the show brings the importance of virtue to the forefront.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Tanna |first1=Amrita |title=Digital Review: 'Maharani' (Sony LIV) |url=https://www.bizasialive.com/digital-review-maharani-sony-liv/ |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=BizAsia {{!}} Media, Entertainment, Showbiz, Brit, Events and Music |date=2021-05-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; Actress [[Twinkle Khanna]] praised the performance of Huma Qureshi in the web series.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/twinkle-khanna-reviews-huma-qureshi-s-new-show-maharani-notices-little-touches-that-add-realism-101622289549274.html|title=Twinkle Khanna reviews Huma Qureshi's new show Maharani, notices 'little touches' that add realism|date=29 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Actor [[Shatrughan Sinha]] also praised Maharani and said that Huma Qureshi has the potential of becoming a role model for other artists.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/shatrughan-sinha-praises-huma-qureshis-performance-maharani-says-potential-becoming-role-model-artists/|title=Shatrughan Sinha praises Huma Qureshi's performance in Maharani; says she has the potential of becoming a role model for other artists|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=17 June 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/shatrughan-sinha-is-all-praise-for-huma-qureshi-actress-thanks-teesre-badshah-for-the-love/articleshow/83605147.cms|title=Shatrughan Sinha is all praise for Huma Qureshi; actress thanks 'Teesre Badshah' for the love|website=[[The Times of India]] |date=17 June 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Rishita Roy Chowdhury of ''[[India Today]]'' said the series is about Saheb, Biwi aur Bihar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/maharani-review-huma-qureshi-s-political-drama-is-about-saheb-biwi-aur-bihar-1807726-2021-05-28|title=Maharani Review: Huma Qureshi's political drama is about Saheb, Biwi aur Bihar|date=28 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Rohit Vats of ''[[News18]]'' gave Maharani 2.5 stars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/maharani-review-opportunists-everywhere-in-huma-qureshi-and-sohum-shahs-show-3785171.html|title=Maharani Review: Opportunists Everywhere in Huma Qureshi and Sohum Shah's Show|date=28 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aditya Menon in [[The Quint]] wrote that the web series trid to invert the ‘Jungle Raj’ tag that was put on the Lalu Yadav-Rabri Devi period in Bihar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/hot-on-web/maharani-web-series-huma-qureshi-sonyliv-rabri-devi-bihar-caste-politics#read-more|title=Jungle Raj Inverted: 'Maharani' Gets Caste Better Than Many Others|date=2 June 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Saibal Chatterjee of ''[[NDTV]]'' wrote that Maharani is a passable account of a state fighting steady decline and seeking regeneration.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/maharani-review-huma-qureshi-led-cast-plugs-gaps-in-tale-of-ambition-and-betrayal-2-5-stars-2451182|title=Maharani Review: Huma Qureshi-Led Cast Plugs Gaps In Tale Of Ambition And Betrayal}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Shubhra Gupta of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' stated that Huma Qureshi flourishes in a web series with banal writing.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/maharani-review-after-a-few-flourishes-this-huma-qureshi-drama-is-just-a-drag-7334087/|title=Maharani review: After a few flourishes, this Huma Qureshi drama is just a drag|date=28 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Subhash. K.Jha called it a taut political drama with surprising twists and turns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Jha |first1=Subhash K. |title=&quot;Maharani is strongly recommended.&quot; – A Subhash K Jha Review |url=https://bollyspice.com/maharani-is-strongly-recommended-a-subhash-k-jha-review/ |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=BollySpice |date=2021-05-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nandini Ramnath of [[Scroll.in]] wrote that the cast of Maharani has brilliant performances.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/reel/995992/maharani-review-this-potboiler-about-bihar-politics-never-stops-simmering|title='Maharani' review: This potboiler about Bihar politics never stops simmering|date=28 May 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Rony Patra from ''LetsOTT'' stated that strong characters and an authentic Bihari milieu coupled with &quot;bombastic dialogues&quot; made the series a gripping watch. Rishita Roy Chowdhury of India Today went on to applaud Huma Qureshi's performance saying&quot; she brings nuances and emotional gradients to her character.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Patra |first1=Rony |title=Maharani Sony LIV Original Series Review |url=https://www.letsott.com/maharani-review?type_id=38&amp;type=platform |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=[[LetsOTT]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Bollywood Life called it a sensational and intriguing game of political chess.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Maharani web series review: Huma Qureshi is sensational in this intriguing game of political chess |url=https://www.bollywoodlife.com/reviews/maharani-web-series-review-huma-qureshi-is-sensational-in-this-intriguing-game-of-political-chess-1835873/ |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=Bollywood Life |date=2021-05-28 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kriti Tulsiani from ZoomTV wrote that the show boasts of a captivating premise but falls victim to the makers’ linear storytelling approach.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Maharani Review: Huma Qureshi-led 'Sahib, Biwi aur Bihar' political drama off to intriguing start |url=https://www.zoomtventertainment.com/web-series-movies/web-series-movies-review/article/maharani-review-maharani-movie-review-rating-huma-qureshi-amit-sial-sohum-shah-pramod-pathak-kani-kusruti/762901 |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=[[Zoom (Indian TV channel)|Zoom TV]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> BINGED called it a well-crafted chronicle of a story that needed telling.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Bureau |first1=Binged |title=Maharani Web Series Review - Well-Crafted Chronicle Of A Story That Needed Telling |url=https://www.binged.com/reviews/maharani-web-series-review/ |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=Binged |date=2021-05-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Spotboye made the parallel with Scam 1992, calling it another big winner for SonyLIV.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Maharani Review: Rabri Devi's Saga Featuring Huma Qureshi Gets An Outrageous But Interesting Spin |url=https://www.spotboye.com/just-binge/binge-reviews/maharani-review-rabri-devi-s-saga-featuring-huma-qureshi-gets-an-outrageous-but-interesting-spin/60b0871e6e6d430eadca97dd |access-date=30 May 2021 |work=SpotboyE |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ====Season 2====<br /> <br /> ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave it 3.5 stars out of 5 while stating that it is &quot;An enthralling political drama with compelling performances.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Maharani Season 2 Review: An enthralling political drama sequel with compelling performances |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/hindi/maharani/season-2/seasonreview/93115080.cms |access-date=27 August 2022 |work=[[The Times Of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shashank Pandey of ''[[Dainik Bhaskar]]'' also gave the series a 3.5 out of five and hailed it as, ‘Emotion aur entertainment ki Maharani.’&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=OTT रिव्यू:इमोशन और एंटरटेनमेंट से भरपूर महारानी लौटीं, राजनीतिक उठा-पटक और महत्वकांक्षा से भरपूर है सीरीज |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/entertainment/bollywood/news/maharani-season-2-web-series-review-huma-qureshi-130226869.html |access-date=27 August 2022 |work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[ABP News]]'', with its 4 stars out of 5, mentioned that ‘Maharani continues to rule the world of OTT’.<br /> <br /> Abhimanyu Mathur of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' remarked ‘Huma Qureshi reigns supreme in a show that is a lesson in how political thrillers should be made.’ Namrata Thakur of Rediff said, ‘The second season of Maharani 2 is bigger, better, and far more brutal’.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Maharani 2 review: Huma Qureshi reigns supreme in a show that is a lesson in how political thrillers should be made |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/maharani-2-review-huma-qureshi-sohum-shah-amit-sial-show-is-an-entertaining-political-thriller-101661410938399.html |access-date=27 August 2022 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=25 August 2022 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ''[[TV9 Bharatvarsh|TV9]]'' said that the second season was ‘Full of Unexpected twists and turns and gave it 4 stars out of 5.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Bharatvarsh |first1=TV9 |title=Review : फिर एक बार रानी की हुईं दमदार एंट्री, ट्विस्ट एंड टर्न से भरपूर महारानी 2 का ये सीजन |url=https://www.tv9hindi.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/maharani-2-review-huma-qureshi-once-again-proved-she-is-brilliant-actress-drama-gets-more-intense-in-this-season-read-full-review-au98-1418904.html |access-date=27 August 2022 |work=TV9 Bharatvarsh |date=25 August 2022 |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Zoya Bhatti of ''[[ThePrint]]'' gave the Huma Qureshi starrer a 3.5 out of 5, commenting &quot;Maharani 2 sees Rani Bharti go from political pawn to queen bee.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Bhatti |first1=Zoya |title=Maharani 2 sees Rani Bharti go from political pawn to queen bee. Watch it for Huma Qureshi |url=https://theprint.in/features/reel-take/maharani-2-sees-rani-bharti-go-from-political-pawn-to-queen-bee-watch-it-for-huma-qureshi/1100937/ |access-date=27 August 2022 |work=[[ThePrint]] |date=26 August 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Nandini Ramnath from ''[[Scroll.in|Scroll]]'' called the series &quot;Another, more focused, round of self-serving politics.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Ramnath |first1=Nandini |title='Maharani' season 2 review: Another, more focused, round of self-serving politics |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1031075/maharani-season-2-review-another-more-focused-round-of-self-serving-politics |access-date=27 August 2022 |work=[[Scroll.in]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Koimoi’s'' Shubham Kulkarni also gave the second season 3.5 stars out of 5 and said, &quot;Huma Qureshi Continues To Reign.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Maharani 2 Review: Huma Qureshi Continues To Reign &amp; The Show Finally Finds The Soul It Deserved Since The First Season |url=https://www.koimoi.com/reviews/web-reviews/maharani-2-review-huma-qureshi-continues-to-reign-the-show-finally-finds-the-soul-it-deserved-since-the-first-season/ |access-date=27 August 2022 |work=Koimoi |date=25 August 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ====Season 3====<br /> <br /> Aditya Sagar of Republic World gave the show a 3/5 rating and an excerpt of his review read - &quot;For someone who is drawn to the thrills of conspiracy, revenge, and drama, packaged as an edge-of-the-seat experience, Maharani 3 makes for a wholesome streaming experience.&quot;<br /> <br /> Prabhatha Rigobertha in South First wrote- &quot;Maharani Season 3 is a must-watch for those who like political thrillers.&quot;<br /> <br /> Yatamanyu Narain in News18 said -&quot;In a nutshell, Maharani 3 is a vicious take of revenge and regaining power once again, not quite on the lines of a conventional political drama, quite atypical and insidious even, but quite honest to its unique treatment. The talented bunch of actors adds grittiness to the plot.&quot;<br /> <br /> === Season 4 ===<br /> <br /> * Yatamanyu Narain of ''[[News18]]'' rated the season 3.5 out of 5 stars, writing that “Huma Qureshi and Vipin Sharma shine in a ruthless game of power and betrayal.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=7 November 2025 |title=Maharani 4 Review: Huma Qureshi, Vipin Sharma Shine In A Ruthless Game Of Power And Betrayal |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/web-series/maharani-4-review-huma-qureshi-vipin-sharma-shine-in-a-ruthless-game-of-power-and-betrayal-ws-kl-9685817.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Archika Khurana of ''[[The Times of India]]'' also gave the season 3.5 out of 5 stars, calling it “a fierce, emotionally layered political drama” led by Huma Qureshi’s commanding performance&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/hindi/maharani/maharani-season-4/seasonreview/125085517.cms |title=Maharani Season 4 Review: Huma Qureshi commands the screen in a fierce, emotionally layered political drama}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Pritinanda Behera of [[India Today]] also gave the season 3.5 out of 5 stars, writing &quot;If politics fascinates you, 'Maharani Season 4' is a must-watch. And even if it doesn't, the timing, coinciding with the Bihar Assembly Elections, makes it an intriguing mirror to the real world outside your screen.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Behera |first=Pritinanda |date=2025-11-07 |title=Maharani S4 review: Huma Qureshi’s political saga stings hard, but shows fatigue |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/ott/story/maharani-season-4-review-huma-qureshi-political-saga-stings-hard-but-shows-fatigue-2814984-2025-11-07 |access-date=2025-11-08 |website=India Today |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Radhika Sharma of [[NDTV]] rated it 3 out of 5 stars, noting that “Huma Qureshi brings Bihar politics to New Delhi, mirroring the mood of the nation.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Maharani 4 Review: Huma Qureshi Brings Bihar Politics To New Delhi, Mirroring Mood Of The Nation |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/maharani-4-review-huma-qureshi-brings-bihar-politics-to-new-delhi-mirroring-mood-of-the-nation-9591950}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Deepa Gahlot of scroll.in reviewed the series and wrote &quot;The game of thrones adds monotony as a new player&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gahlot |first=Deepa |date=2025-11-07 |title=‘Maharani’ season 4 review: The game of thrones adds monotony as a new player |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1088348/maharani-season-4-review-the-game-of-thrones-adds-monotony-is-a-new-player |access-date=2025-11-08 |website=Scroll.in |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Ahana Tiwari of [[Zee News|zeenews]] rated the series 3 out of 5 stars, describing it as “a power-packed political thriller” and praising Qureshi’s return as Rani Bharti.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Maharani Season 4 Review: Huma Qureshi Returns As Rani Bharti In A Power-Packed Political Thriller |url=https://zeenews.india.com/television/maharani-season-4-review-huma-qureshi-returns-as-rani-bharti-in-a-power-packed-political-thriller-2981496.html |access-date=2025-11-08 |website=Zee News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Prathyush Parasuraman of [[The Hollywood Reporter India|hollywoodreporterindia]] wrote &quot;Huma Qureshi Confidently Steers The Strongest Season Yet&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='Maharani' Season 4 Review: Huma Qureshi Confidently Steers The Strongest Season Yet |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/reviews/streaming/maharani-season-4-review-huma-qureshi-confidently-steers-the-strongest-season-yet |access-date=2025-11-08 |website=The Hollywood Reporter India |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Controversy===<br /> After the release of first trailer on 9 May 2021, the Yadav community protested over a dialogue in the web series and filed [[First information report|FIR]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/bihar-jharkhand/ranchi/jharkhand-yadav-mahasabha-filed-fir-against-maharani-web-series/903308|title=झारखंड: 'महारानी' वेब सीरीज के रिलीज होने से पहले बढ़ा बवाल, यादव महासभा ने दर्ज कराया ऑनलाइन FIR}}&lt;/ref&gt; The makers of web series later apologized and removed that dialogue from the web series.{{Citation needed|date=February 2022}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * ''[[Madam Chief Minister]]''<br /> * [[Caste-related violence in Bihar]]<br /> * ''[[Khakee: The Bihar Chapter]]''<br /> * ''[[Article 15 (film)|Article 15]]''<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb title|tt14420552}}<br /> * ''[https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/maharani-1700000725 Maharani] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711041239/https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/maharani-1700000725 |date=2021-07-11 }}'' Official Website<br /> * [https://www.airtelxstream.in/tv-shows/maharani/SONYLIV_VOD_TVSHOW_1700000725 Maharani] on [https://www.airtelxstream.in/ Airtel Xstream Play]<br /> <br /> [[Category:2021 Indian television series debuts]]<br /> [[Category:Television series based on actual events]]<br /> [[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]<br /> [[Category:Indian drama web series]]<br /> [[Category:Hindi-language web series]]<br /> [[Category:Television controversies in India]]<br /> [[Category:Race-related controversies in television]]<br /> [[Category:Yadav family (Bihar)]]<br /> [[Category:Indian political television series]]<br /> [[Category:Television shows set in Bihar]]<br /> [[Category:Television series set in the 1990s]]<br /> [[Category:Censored television series]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Tera_Dushman&diff=470350 2026-03-03T23:48:09Z

<p>Jimmy6788: small changes</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|1989 film directed by Vijay Reddy}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Main Tera Dushman<br /> | image = Main Tera Dushman.jpg<br /> | writer = <br /> | starring = [[Jackie Shroff]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Jaya Prada]]<br /> | director = Vijay Reddy<br /> | producer = [[K. C. Bokadia]]<br /> | music = [[Laxmikant–Pyarelal]]<br /> | released = {{Film date|df=yes|1989|02|03}}<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Hindi<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Main Tera Dushman''''' ({{Translation|I am your nemesis}}) is a 1989 Indian [[action film]] directed by Vijay Reddy.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Main Tera Dushman - Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/main_tera_dushman |access-date=2023-07-10 |website=www.rottentomatoes.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The movie stars [[Jackie Shroff]] and [[Jaya Prada]] in lead roles, with [[Anupam Kher]], [[Kiran Kumar]], [[Tej Sapru]] and [[Kulbhushan Kharbanda]] in supporting roles. [[Sunny Deol]], [[Sridevi]] and [[Rajesh Khanna]] are featured in special appearances.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MAIN TERA DUSHMAN PRESS BOOK BOLLYWOOD JACKIE SHROFF JAYA PRADHA SRIDEVI RARE |url=https://www.ebay.com/itm/254610662910 |access-date=2023-07-10 |website=eBay |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Main Tera Dushman (1989) Cast - Actor, Actress, Director, Producer, Music Director |url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/main-tera-dushman-6790/cast-crew |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710071550/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/main-tera-dushman-6790/cast-crew |url-status=live |archive-date=10 July 2023 |access-date=2023-07-10 |website=Cinestaan}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Plot==<br /> Honest and diligent [[Forest Range Officer|Range Forest Officer]] Kishan Srivastav (Jackie Shroff) and his wife Jaya (Jaya Prada) come to the rural area of Ramgarh, and upset the criminal activities of Thakur Dayalu (Anupam Kher), a corrupt police inspector, Kiran Kumar (Kumar) and their cronies. These activities include the capture and killing of wildlife so that Dayalu can decorate his palatial home. As Kishan attempts to disrupt their criminal enterprise, he finds that Dayalu Singh has by-passed him and complained to his superiors, thereby getting him dismissed from employment and being framed and imprisoned for a murder. Dayalu has not only gotten away with murder, but had also killed Gopal (Sunny Deol) in the presence of his girlfriend and to-be bride, Jugni (Sridevi), making her lose her sanity. Dayalu frames Jugni's dad, Jwalaprasad (Kharbanda) for the murder of Gopal.<br /> <br /> With Jaya all by herself, Dayalu turns his lustful eyes towards her, but just at the right moment, Ramu, a baby elephant comes to her rescue and fights with the Thakur. When Kishan is jailed for seven years, his wife Jaya faints in the court and falls sick. Her son and Ramu the elephant take care of her, doing a street play to earn money for her medicines. Kishan escapes from jail with the help of Ramu the elephant, who packs his favorite boots for him. Ramu helps the family flee from the clutches of Thakur and his crony policemen.<br /> <br /> While the family is hiding in the jungle, the son starts feeling hungry. Ramu goes near a temple and starts blessing women, who give him money. With this money, he buys bread for the family. Inspector Kiran Kumar sees this and follows Ramu the elephant into the jungle. Kiran finds the family and prepares to shoot Kishan; however, Ramu snatches the gun from him using his trunk. Together Kishan and Ramu fight off the policemen. Ramu eventually kills Kiran by trampling him. Meanwhile, Jwalaprasad is released from jail, only to find out that Jugni has escaped from the asylum. Jwalaprasad finds her in front of a temple, with perfect makeup, where she refuses to recognize him. Jugni is still under the perception that she is going to get married. Jwalaprasad managed to corner Thakur's men and tries to fight them alone. The men throw him into a swamp, but Kishan comes at the right time to save him, and Ramu the elephant pulls Jwalaprasad out of the swamp. Thakur's chief goon into the swamp making Thakur very angry. His men manage to shoot the sole witness to Kishan's innocence. Kishan takes this man to the hospital and threatens a doctor in order to save the witness.<br /> <br /> Thakur has an epiphany that he is going to die, and in order to protect himself, he goes back to abduct Jaya, and kills a villager in the process. Jugni is reminded of the tragedy she faced and faints. Jwalaprasad informs Kishan that his wife has been abducted and both of them go to fight Thakur in his palatial house. They are both captured. Jugni arrives there, calling Dayalu Thakur her father, who tells her that he himself is Jugni's fiancée. Jugni then dresses up, and starts dancing in an attempt to fool him. Jugni, revealing her fighting skills, manages to release all three captives. Amidst this fight she is shot. Thakur manages to escape the drama, but Kishan, Jugni and Ramu the elephant catch up with him. Jugni kills Thakur and avenges Gopal's death. Ramu the elephant also remembers that Thakur had killed his mom and tramples Thakur. Jugni eventually dies from her injuries. Ramu the elephant implores the audience to save animals.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch Main Tera Dushman Full HD Movie Online on ZEE5 |url=https://www.zee5.com/movies/details/main-tera-dushman/0-0-2507 |access-date=2023-07-10 |website=ZEE5 |language=en-IN}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> * [[Jackie Shroff]] as Kishan Srivastav<br /> * [[Jaya Prada]] as Jaya (Kishan's wife)<br /> * [[Kiran Kumar]] as Inspector Kiran Kumar<br /> * [[Kulbhushan Kharbanda]] as Jwalaprasad – Jugni's father<br /> * [[Anupam Kher]] as Thakur Dayalu<br /> * [[Tej Sapru]] as Kaalu – Dayalu's assistant<br /> * [[Rakesh Bedi]] as Forest constable Chustiram<br /> * [[Rajendra Nath]] as Forest constable Dukhiram<br /> * [[Mac Mohan]] as Forest constable Dhaniram<br /> * [[Sunny Deol]] {{small|(special appearance)}} as Gopal – Jugni's boyfriend and fiancé<br /> * [[Sridevi]] {{small|(special appearance)}} as Jugni – Gopal's girlfriend and fiancée<br /> * [[Rajesh Khanna]] {{small|(special appearance)}} as Shankar – Truck driver<br /> * [[Jagdeep]] {{small|(special appearance)}} as Truck cleaner<br /> <br /> ==Soundtrack==<br /> Lyricist: [[Indeevar]]<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%;&quot;<br /> ! # !! Title !! Singer(s)<br /> |-<br /> | 1<br /> | &quot;Ye Tera Haathi&quot;<br /> | [[Manhar Udhas]], [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]]<br /> |- <br /> | 2<br /> | &quot;Ae Babu Hum Aaye&quot;<br /> | Kavita Krishnamurthy<br /> |- <br /> | 3<br /> | &quot;Jugni Aayee Dhulhan Banke&quot;<br /> | Kavita Krishnamurthy<br /> |- <br /> | 4<br /> | &quot;Jinhe Chahiye Daulat Rabba&quot;<br /> | [[Shabbir Kumar]], [[Anuradha Paudwal]]<br /> |-<br /> | 5<br /> | &quot;Saare Jahan Ke Samne&quot;<br /> | Shabbir Kumar, [[Alka Yagnik]]<br /> |-<br /> | 6<br /> | &quot;Baje Mera Bichhua&quot;<br /> | [[Udit Narayan]], Anuradha Paudwal<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb title|0097813|Main Tera Dushman}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1989 films]]<br /> [[Category:1989 Hindi-language films]]<br /> [[Category:1989 Indian films]]<br /> [[Category:Films scored by Laxmikant–Pyarelal]]<br /> [[Category:Indian action drama films]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zindagi_50-50&diff=464751 2026-03-02T09:26:46Z

<p>Jimmy6788: brief expanded content for accuracy and cleaned formatting</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|2013 film by Rajiv S Ruia}}<br /> {{EngvarB|date=January 2014}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}<br /> <br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Zindagi 50–50<br /> | image = Zindagi 50-50.jpg<br /> | caption = Poster<br /> | director = [[Rajiv S Ruia]]<br /> | producer = Veeraj Kumar&lt;br&gt;[[Rajiv S Ruia]]<br /> | screenplay = S Machinery<br /> | story = [[Rajiv S Ruia]]<br /> | starring = [[Veena Malik]]&lt;br&gt;[[Riya Sen]]&lt;br&gt;[[Rajan Verma]]&lt;br&gt;[[Arya Babbar]]&lt;br&gt;[[Supriya Kumari]]&lt;br&gt;[[Rajpal Yadav]]&lt;br&gt; Swati Aggarwal&lt;br&gt;[[Murli Sharma]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Atul Parchure]]&lt;br /&gt;ABC<br /> | music = [[Vivek Kar]] &lt;br&gt; Amjad Nadeem<br /> | cinematography = Mukesh Maru<br /> | editing = Satish Patil<br /> | studio = Ram Gopal Productions, Spotlight International Film<br /> | distributor = <br /> | released = {{Film date|2013|05|24|df=y}}<br /> | runtime = 130 minutes<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Hindi<br /> | budget = {{INRConvert|45|m}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/%3Ci%3Edabangg-%3Ci%3Ealreadyhit-say-exhibitors/407654/%7C |title=Dabangg already a hit, say exhibitors |work=[[Business Standard]] |access-date=4 December 2011 |date=10 September 2010 |author=Swarup Chakraborty |archive-date=27 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120727013551/http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/%3Ci%3Edabangg-%3Ci%3Ealreadyhit-say-exhibitors/407654/%7C |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | gross = {{INRConvert|110|m}}<br /> }}<br /> '''''Zindagi 50–50''''' ({{Translation|Life 50–50}}) is a 2013 Indian [[Hindi language|Hindi]] [[erotic film|erotic]] film directed by [[Rajiv S Ruia]]. It stars [[Veena Malik]], [[Rajan Verma]], [[Supriya Kumari]], [[Arya Babbar]], [[Riya Sen]] and [[Rajpal Yadav]]. This film dubbed is in Tamil titled ''Mutham Thara Vaa'' and in Telugu as ''Rangeela''.&lt;ref name=&quot;movie&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://moviegalleri.net/2013/04/mutham-thara-vaa-movie-stills-riya-sen-veena-malik.html |title=Mutham Thara Vaa Tamil Movie Stills |access-date=13 April 2013 |archive-date=14 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130414102357/http://moviegalleri.net/2013/04/mutham-thara-vaa-movie-stills-riya-sen-veena-malik.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Plot==<br /> Zindagi 50-50 revolves around three different stories. Zindagi means life. Sometimes it's fun, and sometimes it's a curse, but it's just a point of view. People pray to God for happiness so that they can enjoy their lives. But God says that he had already given a life to them, to enjoy all the happiness. It has been said that the way you ask questions about your life, it answers you in the same manner.<br /> <br /> &quot;Zindagi 50:50&quot; is the same story of such questions and answers: it's a story of Rupa (a housewife), Madhuri (a prostitute), and Naina (a struggling actress). Rupa's husband, Birju (an auto driver), has a dream of getting a house. To fulfill his dream, Rupa breaks all the limits of her life. To complete her dream of house, CR Lele (a government servant) pushes her in a dark side of her life, where she gets the house, but also gets a smirch on her respect.<br /> <br /> Zindagi 50:50 is a story of the special dreams of a common man. And to fulfill those dreams, he has to struggle a lot, but sometimes they get it easily, and sometimes he has to lose everything. &quot;Zindagi 50:50&quot; has this same feeling of losing and getting.<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> *[[Veena Malik]] – Madhuri<br /> *[[Riya Sen]] – Naina<br /> *[[Rajan Verma]] – Birju<br /> *[[Arya Babbar]] – Addy<br /> *[[Supriya Kumari]] – Rupa<br /> *[[Rajpal Yadav]] – PK Lele<br /> *[[Murli Sharma]] – INS Pawar<br /> *[[Atul Parchure]] – Mota<br /> *[[Adi Irani]]<br /> *[[Kurush Deboo]] – Director Subhash Kapoor<br /> <br /> ==Music==<br /> The music for ''Zindagi 50–50'' is given by Amjad Nadeem and [[Vivek Kar]] consist of following Audio List. Veteran composer [[Bappi Lahiri]] sung for [[Vivek Kar]] in this film title track.<br /> <br /> ==Soundtrack==<br /> {{Infobox album<br /> | name = Zindagi 50–50<br /> | type = Soundtrack<br /> | artist = Amzad-Nadeem<br /> | cover =<br /> | alt =<br /> | released = 2013<br /> | recorded =<br /> | venue =<br /> | studio =<br /> | genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]<br /> | length =<br /> | label = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]<br /> | producer = Veeraj Kumar<br /> | prev_title = [[Zilla Ghaziabad]]<br /> | prev_year = 2013<br /> | next_title =<br /> | next_year =<br /> }}<br /> [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]] acquired the music rights for ''Zindagi 50–50''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.tseries.com/music/zindagi-50-50 |title=Zindagi 50–50 |work=tseries.com |access-date=5 February 2013 |archive-date=11 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211152707/http://www.tseries.com/music/zindagi-50-50 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> {{Track listing<br /> | extra_column = Artist(s)<br /> | title1 = Zindagi 50–50 <br /> | note1 = Title track<br /> | extra1 = [[Bappi Lahiri]], [[Antara Mitra]] &amp; Gufy<br /> | music1 = [[Vivek Kar]]<br /> | lyrics1 = Deepak Agrawal<br /> | length1 =<br /> <br /> | title2 = Tu Saamne Jo Aaye<br /> | extra2 = [[Mika Singh]]<br /> | music2 = Amjad-Nadeem<br /> | lyrics2 = [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]<br /> | length2 =<br /> <br /> | title3 = Sadde Naal aaja<br /> | extra3 = Manak-E, Neha Batra &amp; Gufy<br /> | music3 = Vivek Kar<br /> | lyrics3 = Ashish Pandit<br /> | length3 =<br /> <br /> | title4 = Toh Se Naina<br /> | extra4 = [[Rekha Bhardwaj]]<br /> | music4 = Amjad-Nadeem<br /> | lyrics4 = Shabbir Ahmed<br /> | length4 =<br /> <br /> | title5 = Rabba<br /> | extra5 = [[Rahat Fateh Ali Khan]]<br /> | music5 = Vivek Kar<br /> | lyrics5 = Shabbir Ahmed<br /> | length5 =<br /> <br /> | title6 = Delhi Delhi<br /> | note6 = <br /> | extra6 = [[Dev Negi]]<br /> | music6 = Vivek Kar<br /> | lyrics6 = Dev Negi, Vivek Kar<br /> | length6 =<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==Critical reception==<br /> {{film and game ratings<br /> | rev1 =[[Rediff.com]]<br /> | rev1score ={{Rating|2|5}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Prasanna D Zore for [[Rediff.com]] has given 2/5 stars and says ''Zindagi 50–50'' makes a brave but half-hearted effort to depict the dark cruelty that surrounds ordinary lives of three women. It fails miserably as sleaze—of language as well as skin—overtakes the proceedings.&lt;ref name=&quot;Zindagi 50-50 Review&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-zindagi-50-50-is-a-sleaze-fest/20130524.htm |title=Review: Zindagi 50–50 is a sleaze fest |author=Prasanna D Zore |work=Rediff.com |access-date=24 May 2013 |archive-date=7 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607100044/http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-zindagi-50-50-is-a-sleaze-fest/20130524.htm |url-status=live }}{{Rating|2|5}}&lt;/ref&gt; In Short, The movie is ok for a one time watch.<br /> <br /> This movie earned 20–40&amp;nbsp;million in opening.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb title|id=2929840}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2013 films]]<br /> [[Category:Indian erotic drama films]]<br /> [[Category:Films scored by Vivek Kar]]<br /> [[Category:Films scored by Amjad Nadeem]]<br /> [[Category:2010s erotic drama films]]<br /> [[Category:2013 Hindi-language films]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siddiq_Hasan_Khan&diff=464440 2026-02-25T17:00:28Z

<p>Jimmy6788: general cleaned up intro per sources</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian Muslim scholar and community leader (1832–1890)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox religious biography<br /> | honorific-prefix = [[Nawab]]<br /> | name = Siddiq Hasan Khan<br /> | honorific-suffix = <br /> | image = File:SiddiqHasanKhan.png<br /> | caption = <br /> | pronunciation = <br /> | birth_name = Siddiq Hasan Khan<br /> | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1832|10|14}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Bareilly]], [[United Provinces of British India]], [[Mughal Empire]] (now India)<br /> | death_date = {{Death date and age|1890|5|26|1832|10|14|df=yes}}<br /> | death_place = [[Bhopal State|Bhopal]], [[British Raj|British Empire of India]]<br /> | residence = <br /> | nationality = Indian<br /> | other_names = Muhammad Saddiq Hasan<br /> | citizenship = Indian<br /> | education = <br /> | alma_mater = <br /> | occupation = [[Ulema|Islamic scholar]]&lt;br /&gt;''[[Muhaddith]]''&lt;br /&gt;''[[Mufassir]]''&lt;br /&gt;Archivist&lt;br /&gt;Historian&lt;br /&gt;[[Bureaucrat]]<br /> | years_active = <br /> | era = 19th century<br /> | known_for = <br /> | notable_works = <br /> | works = <br /> | home_town = <br /> | television = <br /> | term = <br /> | predecessor = <br /> | successor = <br /> | movement = [[Ahl-i Hadith]]<br /> | creed = [[Athari]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rahmatullah 2015 3, 122&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Rahmatullah|title=Contribution of Nawab Siddique Hasan Khan to Quranic and Hadith Studies|publisher=Aligarh Muslim University|year=2015|location=Aligarh, India|pages=3, 122}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=June 2014|title=Nawab Siddiq Hasan Khan and His Tafsir Works|url=http://hazaraislamicus.hu.edu.pk/public/uploads/2014/Issue_1/13-nawab-siddique-hasan-khan.pdf|journal=Hazara Islamicus|pages=21–26|via=hazaraislamicus.hu.edu.pk/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Uzundaģ|first=Sait|date=2014|title=XIX. Asir Hindistan Hadi̇s Ali̇mi̇ siddîk hasan han'in ö.1307/1890 allah'in haberî sifatlari i̇le i̇lgi̇li̇ görüşleri̇|trans-title=19th-century Indian Hadith scholar Siddiq Hasan Khan's opinions d.1307/1890 on the Attributes of Allah|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/firatilahiyat/issue/61354/915754|journal=Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi|volume=19|issue=1|pages=125–145|via=Dergipark Akademik}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | opponents = <br /> | spouse = {{marriage|[[Shah Jahan Begum of Bhopal|Shah Jahan I of Bhopal]]|1871}}<br /> | children = <br /> | mother = <br /> | father = <br /> | relatives = <br /> | family = <br /> | awards = <br /> | title = [[Nawab]]<br /> | honors = <br /> | module = {{Infobox religious biography<br /> |name=<br /> | office1 = Nawab Consort of [[Bhopal State|Bhopal]]<br /> | term1 = 1871 – 26 May 1890<br /> | predecessor1 =<br /> | successor1 =<br /> |embed = yes<br /> |religion=[[Islam]]<br /> |Madh'hab=<br /> |lineage=<br /> |sect=<br /> |founder=[[Ahl-i Hadith]]<br /> |subsect=<br /> |philosophy=<br /> |known_for=<br /> |education=<br /> |alma_mater=<br /> |pen_name=<br /> |posthumous_name=<br /> |flourished=<br /> |home_town=<br /> |ethnicity=<br /> |spouse={{marriage|[[Shah Jahan Begum of Bhopal|Shah Jahan I of Bhopal]]|1871}}<br /> |children=<br /> |mother=<br /> |father=<br /> |title=Allama, Sheikh<br /> |teacher={{Collapsible list|title=Ahmad Hasan (elder brother) |Muhammad Sadruddin Khan al-Dehlawi |Husayn ibn Muhsin al-Ansari |Abdul Haqq ibn Fadlullah al-Hindi |Muhammad Yaʿqub al-Dehlawi al-Makki&lt;ref name=&quot;Kharashi&quot;/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;<br /> Muhaddith 'Abd al-Haqq Banarasi&lt;ref name=&quot;Krawietz, Tamer 2013 174&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|editor1-last=Krawietz|editor1-first=birgit|editor2-last=Tamer|editor2-first=Georges|title=Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya|publisher=Walter De Gruyter|year=2013|isbn=978-3-11-028534-5|location=Berlin|page=174|chapter=Screening Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Khān's Library: The Use of Ḥanbalī Literature in 19th-Century Bhopal}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> |students=Yahya ibn Muhammad al-Hazmi (Mufti of Aden)&lt;br&gt;Nu'man Khayruldin al-Alusi (Mufti of Baghdad)&lt;ref name=&quot;Kharashi&quot;&gt;{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1l8xDwAAQBAJ&amp;q=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB+%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%89+%D8%A8%D9%86+%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D8%A8%D9%86+%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D8%A8%D9%86+%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%8A+%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A+%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86+.&amp;pg=PT10 | title=الرسائل المتبادلة بين الشيخين صديق حسن خان وأحمد بن عيسى رحمهما الله| isbn=9783060043811| last1=الخراشى| first1=سليمان| date=January 2010| publisher=دار التوحيد للنشر،}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |works=<br /> |literary_works = [[#Works|See the list]]<br /> |profession=<br /> |signature=<br /> |background=lightgreen<br /> |website=<br /> }}<br /> | module4 = <br /> | module5 = <br /> | module6 = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> | religion = [[Islam]]<br /> | denomination = [[Sunni]]<br /> | jurisprudence = Independent<br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{Salafi|Founders}}<br /> '''Sayyid Muḥammad Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Khān al-Qannawjī'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Krawietz, Tamer 2013 165&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|editor1-last=Krawietz|editor1-first=birgit|editor2-last=Tamer|editor2-first=Georges|title=Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya|publisher=Walter De Gruyter|year=2013|isbn=978-3-11-028534-5|location=Berlin|page=165|chapter=Screening Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Khān's Library: The Use of Ḥanbalī Literature in 19th-Century Bhopal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Saeedullah|title=The life and works of Muhammad Siddiq Hasan Khan, Nawab of Bhopal: 1248–1307/1832–1890|publisher=Ashraf Publishers|year=1973|location=Lahore|asin=B0000E7Y28|oclc=570589820}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Nizami|first=Khaliq Ahmad|title=The Impact of Ibn Taymiyya on South Asia|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26195671|journal=Journal of Islamic Studies|year=1990|publisher=Oxford University Press|volume=1|page=139|doi=10.1093/jis/1.1.120 |jstor=26195671|quote=Nawab Sayyid Muhammad Siddiq Hasan Khan (1832–1890)|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; (14 October 1832 – 26 May 1890) was an Islamic scholar and leader of India's Muslim community in the 19th century, often considered to be the most important Muslim scholar of the [[Bhopal State]].&lt;ref name=jamal71&gt;Jamal Malik, ''Perspectives of mutual encounters in South Asian history, 1760–1860'', p. 71. [[Leiden]]: [[Brill Publishers]], 2000. {{ISBN|9004118020}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is largely credited alongside [[Syed Nazeer Husain]] with founding the revivalist ''[[Ahl-i Hadith]]'' movement, which is a strain of [[Wahabi|Sunni Islam]] throughout the immediate region.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author1=Sophie Gilliat-Ray|title=Muslims in Britain: An Introduction|date=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-83006-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CUFGGwAACAAJ|page=104}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Daniel W. Brown, ''Rethinking Tradition in Modern Islamic Thought'': Vol. 5 of Cambridge Middle East Studies, p. 27. [[Cambridge]]: [[Cambridge University Press]], 1996. {{ISBN|9780521653947}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;jamal723&quot;&gt;Malik, p. 72.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;M. Naeem Qureshi, ''Pan-Islam in British Indian Politics'', p. 458. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 1999. {{ISBN|9004113711}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siddiq Hasan Khan was also a prominent scholarly authority of the Arab ''[[Salafiyya]]'' movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidtke 2014 428&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Schmidtke |first1=Sabine |title=The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology |last2=El-Rouayheb |first2=Khaled |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-19-969670-3 | location=New York |page=428 |chapter=Theology and Logic }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Khan's controversial nature has led to contrasting assessments of his personality, having been described by contrasting sources as a [[Islamic fundamentalism|fundamentalist]], and one of the first heroes of the [[Indian independence movement]].&lt;ref name=pre&gt;Claudia Preckel, [http://hdl.handle.net/1887/16843 Wahhabi or National Hero? Siddiq Hasan Khan]. ''International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World'', vol. 11, No. 1, p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ann2073&quot;&gt;Annmarie Schimmel, ''Islam in the Indian Subcontinent'', p. 207. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 1980. {{ISBN|9004061177}}&lt;/ref&gt; As one of the central figures of the early ''Ahl-i Ḥadīth'' networks, Siddiq Hasan Khan was also a major South Asian exponent of the teachings of the classical theologian [[Ibn Taymiyyah|Ibn Taymiyya]] (661–728 A.H /1263–1328 C.E).&lt;ref name=&quot;Krawietz, Tamer 2013 165&quot;/&gt; Apart from Ibn Taymiyya, Siddiq Hasan Khan was also influenced by the scholarly traditions of [[Al-Shawkani]], [[Shah Waliullah Dehlawi]] and [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi|Sayyid Ahmed]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Alavi|first=Seema|title=Muslim Cosmopolitanism in the Age of Empire|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0-674-73533-0|location=Cambridge, MA; London|page=269|chapter=Chapter 5: Nawab Siddiq Hasan Khan and the Muslim Cosmopolis}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Early life==<br /> <br /> === Family background ===<br /> Khan's family were said to be descendants of [[Ali]], the fourth [[Khalifa|Caliph]] of [[Rashidun Caliphate]].&lt;ref name=pre/&gt; Initially settling in [[Bukhara]], they migrated to [[Multan]] and later to [[Kannauj]] (also sometimes spelled as Qannawj). Khan was born in Bareilly, which was the natal home of his mother, on 14 October 1832.&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;Abu Nasr Syed Mohammad Ali Hasan Khan, ''Maasir e Siddiqui Part 2''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Shaharyar Khan]], ''The Begums of Bhopal: A History of the Princely State of Bhopal'', p. 120. London: [[I.B. Tauris]], 2000. {{ISBN|1860645283}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Seema Alavi, [http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/docserver/00224995/v54n1_s1.pdf?expires=1361865006&amp;id=id&amp;accname=guest&amp;checksum=746298A2C9960EFB65B5C7E98D7F3696 Siddiq Hasan Khan (1832–90) and the Creation of a Muslim Cosmopolitanism in the 19th century]. ''Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient'', vol. 54, No. 1, p. 4. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; After few days, his mother brought him to his ancestral city [[Kannauj]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Khan grew up in a family which was impoverished despite its history of [[Ulama|Islamic scholarship]]; his father converted from [[Shia Islam|Shi'a Islam]] to [[Sunni Islam]] in the early 1800s.&lt;ref name=&quot;ann2073&quot;/&gt; Siddiq Hasan's father Sayyid Awlad Hasan was a strong supporter of [[Sayyid Ahmad Shahid|Sayyid Ahmad]], pledging ''[[Bay'ah]]'' (oath of allegiance) at his hands and had accompanied him to [[Afghanistan]] in the [[North-West Frontier Province|northwest frontier Province]] to participate in his famous ''[[Ahl-i Hadith#Indian Jihad Movement|Jihad]]'' movement.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Alavi|first=Seema|title=Muslim Cosmopolitanism in the Age of Empire|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0-674-73533-0|location=Cambridge, MA; London|page=268|chapter=Chapter 5: Nawab Siddiq Hasan Khan and the Muslim Cosmopolis}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wilayat Ali Khan and Inayat Ali Khan, two major leaders of the Wahhabi Jihad movement had stayed briefly in Khan's house in Qannauj. Under the instructions and tutelage of Wilayat Ali, Khan studied the Hadith work ''[[Bulugh al-Maram]]'' and later wrote a well-known commentary on it.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Ahmed |first=Qeyamuddin |author-link=Qeyamuddin Ahmad |title=The Wahhabi Movement in India |publisher=Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group |year=2020 |isbn=978-0-367-51483-9 |location=Abingdon, Oxon |page=257 |chapter=IX: The Concluding Phase of the Movement}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Religious Studies ===<br /> Thus, Khan was influenced by the religious ideals of Sayyid Ahmad and his Wahhabi Jihad movement in his early life. Khan received much of his education in [[Farrukhabad|Farukhabad]], [[Kanpur]] and Delhi under the care of friends of his father, who died when Khan was only five years old.&lt;ref&gt;Khan, p. 121.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;alav5&quot;&gt;Alavi, p. 5.&lt;/ref&gt; While in Delhi, Siddiq Hasan studied [[Hadith studies|Hadith sciences]] under the tutelage of 'Abd al Haqq Banarasi (d.1870) who was a major source of influence in shaping the teachings of ''[[Ahl-i Hadith]]''. 'Abd al Haqq Banarasi was a member of [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi|Sayyid Ahmad Shahid's]] ''[[Hajj]]'' to [[Mecca]] in 1821 and decided to stay behind in [[Hejaz]]. Later Banarasi travelled to the Yemenite capital [[Sana'a]], and studied under the theologian [[Shawkani|al-Shawkānī]] (d. 1834). After his studies under in [[Yemen]], Banarasi would be the first scholar in India to introduce the works of Shawkani in [[Indian subcontinent|India]]. When Khan adopted 'Abd al-Haqq as his teacher, the latter had become a well known ''[[Muhaddith]]'' noted for his stances against ''[[Taqlid]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Krawietz, Tamer 2013 174&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|editor1-last=Krawietz|editor1-first=birgit|editor2-last=Tamer|editor2-first=Georges|title=Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya|publisher=Walter De Gruyter|year=2013|isbn=978-3-11-028534-5|location=Berlin|page=174|chapter=Screening Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Khān's Library: The Use of Ḥanbalī Literature in 19th-Century Bhopal}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> After pursuing [[Islamic studies]] with two Yemeni clerics who had emigrated to Bhopal, Khan came under the influence of the works of prolific Yemeni Islamic scholar [[Muhammad ash-Shawkani]].&lt;ref name=pre/&gt; The [[Islah|reformist]] influence on Khan's thinking only increased with his performance of ''[[Hajj]]'' (Muslim pilgrimage) to [[Mecca]], during which he became familiar with the works of the 14th century [[Syrians|Syrian]] polemicist [[Ibn Taymiyyah]]. Khan brought back a large amount of books with him upon returning to [[Bhopal]] and began writing commentaries.&lt;ref name=jamal71/&gt; Khan relocated to Bhopal in 1854 initially selling perfume but later working as a schoolteacher, where his religious views gained him the ire of traditionalist locals.&lt;ref name=alav5/&gt; He was expelled to [[Tonk (princely state)|Tonk]] in 1857, but soon returned to Kannauj to protect his family during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].&lt;ref name=khan122&gt;M. Khan, p. 122.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Nawab Consort of Bhopal ==<br /> {{See also|Bhopal State}}<br /> <br /> === Rise to Power ===<br /> Siddiq Hasan Khan took up a job as an archivist and state historian in 1859 under [[Shah Jahan Begum of Bhopal|Shah Jahan]], who at the time was notable as a woman in the [[Bhopal State|Kingdom of Bhopal]] who was heir apparent to the throne.&lt;ref name=&quot;ann2073&quot;/&gt; For the first time in his life, Khan was financially well-off and brought his sister and mother to live with him in [[Bhopal]]. Khan married for the first time in 1860, to the daughter of the prime minister who was eleven years his senior. Siddiq Hasan Khan eventually married Begum on suggestion of his father-in-law (father of his first wife). Upon Shah Jahan's coronation in 1871, Khan was promoted to the position of chief secretary, began spending longer periods of time alone with Shah Jahan and the two were eventually married; with his second marriage, Khan had become the male consort of the female monarch.&lt;ref name=&quot;jamal71&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khan122&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;alav6&quot;&gt;Alavi, p. 6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> According to [[Lepel Griffin]], the marriage was in part to quash the rumor mongering, and officials made it clear that Khan was merely the Sultan's husband and would not function in any executive role.&lt;ref&gt;M. Khan, p. 125.&lt;/ref&gt; The marriage was controversial due to Indian beliefs regarding the remarriage of widows; ironically, the stated justification for support of the marriage by British officials – themselves predominantly Christians – was that [[Islam]] encourages widows to remarry. Despite remaining the spouse of the actual monarch, Khan's wife began to observe ''[[purdah]]'' and corresponded with male diplomats with Khan as her representative.&lt;ref name=&quot;ann2073&quot;/&gt; Shāh Jahān Bēgum's daughter Sulṭān Jahān Bēgum was one of her stepfather's fiercest opponents, often labelling him as a &quot;Wahhabi&quot;; for forcing her mother to be in ''purdah''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Krawietz, Tamer 2013 183&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|editor1-last=Krawietz|editor1-first=birgit|editor2-last=Tamer|editor2-first=Georges|title=Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya|publisher=Walter De Gruyter|year=2013|isbn=978-3-11-028534-5|location=Berlin|page=183|chapter=Screening Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Khān's Library: The Use of Ḥanbalī Literature in 19th-Century Bhopal}}&lt;/ref&gt; Khan's mother-in-law held rather negative reviews of her daughter's new husband, and there was friction between the two families.{{citation needed|date=March 2016}}<br /> <br /> === Implementation of Reforms ===<br /> Once in power, Siddiq Hasan Khan began enforcing his reformist ideas through the authority of the state. Under his wife's reign, the doctrines of the ''[[Ahl-i Hadith]]'' began to be enforced as the [[state religion]]. Various royal ceremonies and folk rituals which Khan regarded as ''[[Bidʻah|bid'at]]'' (religious innovations) were banned. Apart from this, a comprehensive religious educational programme was also implemented by the [[Bhopal State]]. Numerous ''[[madrasa]]hs'' teaching ''Ahl-i Hadith'' doctrines were set up, hundreds of religious treatises of Khan were published and mass distributed across South Asia through the state-run printing press.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Daly Metcalf|first=Barbara|title=Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband, 1860–1900|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1982|isbn=9780195660494|location=Princeton, New Jersey|pages=293}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|editor1-last=Krawietz|editor1-first=birgit|editor2-last=Tamer|editor2-first=Georges|title=Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya|publisher=Walter De Gruyter|year=2013|isbn=978-3-11-028534-5|location=Berlin|page=167|chapter=Screening Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Khān's Library: The Use of Ḥanbalī Literature in 19th-Century Bhopal}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> With the help of Yemeni Islamic scholars in Bhopal, Khan also attacked [[folk Islam]] as well as the practices of both [[Sufism]] and [[Shia Islam|Shi'a Islam]]. As the de facto ruler of Bhopal, Khan banned [[Mawlid|celebrations]] for the Islamic [[Prophets in Islam|prophet]] [[Muhammad]]'s birthday (''[[Mawlid]]'') as heretical practices without basis in Islam, something which upset Sufis greatly. Additionally, his [[Islah|reformist]] ideas in regard to [[Fiqh|Islamic jurisprudence]] upset the predominant [[Hanafi]] [[Madhhab|school]] of [[Islamic law]].&lt;ref name=&quot;jamal763&quot;&gt;Malik, p. 76.&lt;/ref&gt; Khan's humble beginnings and working-class background also caused him to become the object of scorn, condescension yet also jealousy on the part of Bhopal's gentry.&lt;ref&gt;Khan, p. 127.&lt;/ref&gt; Khan was still described as a prototypical [[Indo-Persian culture|Indo-Persian]] gentleman, multilingual, educated and with wide-reaching international ties.&lt;ref name=alav5&gt;Alavi, p. 5.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Khan's socio-political efforts proved to be his undoing; just as quickly as he rose to become Bhopal's most influential [[Islamic leadership|Islamic leader]], so did he lose this status. Siddiq Hasan's enemies in [[Bhopal State]] and other Muslim religious circles had often accused him of being a &quot;[[Wahhabism#Etymology|Wahhabi]]&quot;, a label commonly employed by the colonial authorities to denote &quot;[[Anti-British sentiment|anti-British]]&quot; rebels, &quot;fanatic&quot;, &quot;puritan&quot; etc.; with the intention to eradicate his influence in [[Bhopal]]. Initially, the British ignored accusations of his Muslim opponents that Khan was a proponent of &quot;[[Wahhabism#Etymology|Wahhabism]]&quot;. &quot;Wahhabi&quot; label was detested within both the [[British Empire|British]] and [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] Empires due to the political challenge posed by the Arabian reformer [[Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab|Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab]]'s ''[[Muwahideen|Muwahhidun]]'' movement to the dominance of the two states in the Middle East. Later, the British authorities began to inspect Siddiq Hasan's books closely and discovered his treatises which elaborated his doctrines on ''[[Jihad]]''. Furthermore, when they detected that 17 [[Wahhabism|Wahhabi]] scholars from [[Najd]] had come to study in Bhopal under Khan's tutelage, the British suspected him of being part of a [[Pan-Islamism|pan-Islamic]] [[Anti-British sentiment|anti-British]] conspiracy; extending across [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|India]], [[Egypt]], [[Istanbul]], and [[Mahdist State|Mahdist Sudan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Claudia Preckel p. 31&quot;&gt;Claudia Preckel, [[hdl:1887/16843|Wahhabi or National Hero? Siddiq Hasan Khan]]. ''International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World'', vol. 11, No. 1, p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Seema Alavi, [http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/docserver/00224995/v54n1_s1.pdf?expires=1361865006&amp;id=id&amp;accname=guest&amp;checksum=746298A2C9960EFB65B5C7E98D7F3696 Siddiq Hasan Khan (1832–90) and the Creation of a Muslim Cosmopolitanism in the 19th century]. ''Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient'', vol. 54, No. 1, p. 8. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Conflicts with the Colonial Authorities ===<br /> {{See also|British Raj}}<br /> After reviewing Khan's treatises that incited to ''[[Jihad]]'' and observing several students from [[Arabia]] attend lessons under Khan, the British authorities publicly accused Khan of [[Islamic puritanism|puritanism]] and [[anti-colonial]] agitation in 1881.&lt;ref name=&quot;jamal723&quot;&gt;Malik, p. 72.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Claudia Preckel p. 31&quot;/&gt; The [[British press]] at the time maligned Khan as a negative influence in the region, and pejoratively dubbed him as &quot;the penniless adventurer.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;ann2073&quot;/&gt; Despite being accused of sedition against the state, [[Governor-General of India]] [[Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava|Lord Dufferin]] found no evidence of seditious acts on Khan's part at all after official inquiries.&lt;ref name=&quot;jamal763&quot;&gt;Malik, p. 76.&lt;/ref&gt; Khan even went so far as to write criticisms of [[Muhammad ibn Abdul-Wahhab|Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab]], who followed an entirely different school of Islamic law, to exonerate himself from the accusations of Wahhabism.&lt;ref name=&quot;jamal763&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;alav82&quot;&gt;Alavi, p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Deposal and House Arrest (1885–1890) ===<br /> Wary of Khan's influential position in the [[Bhopal State]], British [[Resident (title)|Resident]] [[Lepel Griffin|Sir Lepel Griffin]] deposed Khan in 1885; charging him with instigating [[Indian Muslims]] against the [[British Raj|British administration]]. For his part, Siddiq Hasan Khan firmly denied any Wahhabi influence on the Indian reformists. Furthermore, Khan had directly criticised the Najdi Wahhabis for their religious fanaticism, which caused bloodshed among fellow [[Muslims]]. Despite this, the British dismissed all his titles and sentenced him to house-arrest until his death in 1890. He was forbidden to visit his wife [[Shah Jahan Begum of Bhopal|Shāh Jahān Bēgum]] during the day, but was permitted to spend the night in her palace, the Tāj Maḥal.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Preckel|first=Claudia|year=2002|title=Wahhabi or National Hero? Siddiq Hasan Khan|url=https://hdl.handle.net/1887/16843|journal=ISIM Newsletter|publisher=ISIM, Leiden|volume=11|issue=1|page=31|hdl=1887/16843|via=Lieden University Scholarly Publications}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Krawietz, Tamer 2013 183&quot;/&gt; Both before and after his removal from the royal court by the British in 1885, Shah Jahan defended her husband to the very end as shown in the meeting minutes of a heated, vehement exchange between herself and Sir Griffin.&lt;ref name=&quot;khan141&quot;&gt;M. Khan, p. 141.&lt;/ref&gt; On behalf of her husband, Shah Jahan denied that Khan held any executive power and merely advised her on some issues, arguing that the claims of her husband controlling her were based on jealousy on the part of her son-in-law and personal problems between Khan and Lepel.&lt;ref name=&quot;khan148&quot;&gt;Khan, p. 148.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> [[File:Grave Of Nawab Siddique Hasan Khan, Bhopal Talkies Square, Bhopal.jpg|thumb|right|Khan's gravestone]]<br /> <br /> After deposing Ṣiddīq Ḥasan, the colonial authorities banned him from maintaining contacts with his publishers in [[Cairo]] or [[Istanbul]], and the publication of his works were proscribed. After the emergence of ''[[Salafi movement|Salafiyya]]'' movement, his Arabic treatises would be published across the [[Arab world]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Krawietz, Tamer 2013 183&quot;/&gt; In 1890, Khan fell extremely ill with [[hepatitis]]. [[Resident (title)|Resident]] Francis Henvey, Griffin's replacement, dispatched a medical officer but refused to administer medicine for fear that, given the terminal nature of Khan's illness, Henvey would be accused of poisoning him.&lt;ref name=&quot;khan141&quot; /&gt; Khan died on 20 February 1890.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://umm-ul-qura.org/2015/08/18/biography-of-allamah-nawab-siddiq-hassan-khan/|title=Biography of Allamah Nawab Siddiq Hassan Khan {{!}} Umm-Ul-Qura Publications|access-date=2017-06-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://rekhta.org/ebooks/nawab-siddique-hasan-khan-raziya-hamid-ebooks|title=Nawab Siddique Hasan Khan – {{!}} Rekhta|last=Hamid|first=Razia|date=|website=Rekhta|page=38|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2017-06-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Reception==<br /> According to [[University of Erfurt]] professor [[Jamal Malik]], the British overthrow of Khan was due to a number of political concerns rather than wrongdoing on Khan's own part. The start of the [[Mahdist War]] in Sudan in 1881 (which Khan ironically openly opposed), diplomatic ties between Khan's wife and the [[Sharif of Mecca]] and Khan's letter exchanges with [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] Sultan [[Abdul Hamid II]] all caused the British authorities to fear a pan-Islamist uprising.&lt;ref name=&quot;ann2073&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=alav7&gt;Alavi, p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; To withdraw the accusations against Khan, however baseless they were, would have weakened the British Empire's position in the wider [[Muslim world]].&lt;ref&gt;Malik, p. 77.&lt;/ref&gt; Eventually, British officials admitted that they had overreacted based on rumors and intrigues among Bhopal's political elite and that Khan had been falsely accused;&lt;ref name=pre/&gt; regardless, the [[Indian independence movement|Indian nationalist movement]] still regarded him as a hero in the anti-colonialist struggle. Upon Khan's death, his widow Shah Jahan negotiated with British authorities to have all of his official titles restored posthumously; Shah Jahan saw this as vindication of her belief that her husband had been falsely slandered, and filled her new court with Khan's relatives and associates.&lt;ref&gt;Khan, p. 142.&lt;/ref&gt; Among other details, Siddiq Hasan Khan had accused the Wahhabis of engaging in inter-religious violence and bloodshed and still clinging to the same traditionalist views for which Khan also criticized the Indian [[Sufism|Sufis]] and [[Shia Islam|Shi'ites]].&lt;ref name=&quot;pre&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Khan lived during an era when repercussions of the defeat of the ''[[Ahl-i Hadith#Indian Jihad Movement|Mujahidin]]'' movement of [[Sayyid Ahmad Shahid|Sayyid Ahmad]] at the [[Battle of Balakot]] (1831) were felt widespread across South Asia. Followers of Sayyid Ahmad were being threatened and punished for various practices, such as saying &quot;Ameen&quot; loudly in prayer rituals. As an [[Ulama|Islamic scholar]] who was able to attain a position of high political authority, Khan began facing numerous rivals as well as threats from the British government who accused him of spreading Wahhabi doctrines, which were criminalised. Since Khan was unable to defend [[Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab|Muhammad Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab]] and his doctrines, his main concern was to protect the ''Muwahhidin'' (''Ahl-i Hadith'') in India, who were accused of being Wahhabis. He argued that the beliefs of ''Ahl-i Hadith'' of India were based on ''[[Quran|Qur'an]]'' and ''[[Sunnah]]'', and were not derived from Najdi scholars; attempting to distinguish them from the ''Ahl-i Hadith''. Yet Khan had also rebutted various claims made against Wahhabism, by bringing up Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab's responses as well as defenses made by various supporters of the movement.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Zarabazo|first=Jamal Al-Din M|title=The Life, Teachings and Influence of Muhammad ibn Abul-Wahhaab|publisher=The Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Dawah and Guidance, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia|year=2005|isbn=9960-29-500-1|location=Riyadh|pages=179–180}}&lt;/ref&gt; Giving a resume of the life and reform efforts of Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab, Khan traced the political rise and subsequent defeat of the ''Muwahhidun'' movement in the [[Arabian Peninsula]] in 1818. Khan asserts that followers of Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab and [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi|Sayyid Ahmad]] were labelled &quot;Wahhabis&quot; due to ulterior motives of imperial powers. Since the works of the Arabian reformer were not published by the followers of Sayyid Ahmad, labelling them as &quot;Wahhabis&quot; was a policy of religio-political abuse. Khan asserts that the apt term for Sayyid Ahmad's followers was ''[[Ahl al-Hadith]]'' (followers of the Hadith), since the term was as old as the early eras of [[Islam]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Ahmed |first=Qeyamuddin |author-link=Qeyamuddin Ahmad |title=The Wahhabi Movement in India |publisher=Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group |year=2020 |isbn=978-0-367-51483-9 |location=Abingdon, Oxon |pages=258, 261–262 |chapter=IX: The Concluding Phase of the Movement}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Additionally, Khan had based his religious views on the [[Pan-Islamism|Pan-Islamist]] internationalism borne by the networks created by [[Colonialism|colonialists]] themselves. The Wahhabi movement, on the other hand, was geographically specific to the [[anti-colonial]] struggle and cultural environment of the Middle East. Khan elaborated that the Wahhabi movement had no relevance to the situation and experience of reform-minded Muslims in India:&lt;ref&gt;Alavi, p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ::&quot;Those who worship one God object to being called Wahhabis in the Ibn Abdul-Wahhab kind of way not only due to his belonging to a different nation and all of its politics, but because they consider God as the ruler and the protector of the whole world and this universalistic stance is blunted if they are said to be followers of a terrotorially rooted Abdul-Wahhab.&quot;<br /> <br /> By denying any communications with the inhabitants of [[Najd]] and stressing that he did not publish the works of [[Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab|Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab]]; Khan sought to publicly delink his Indian followers from the Wahhabi movement and thereby avert the potential repercussions from the [[British Raj|British government]]. However, the British eventually took action against Siddiq Hasan Khan, accusing him of involvement in [[Pan-Islamism|Pan-Islamist]] [[Anti-British sentiment|anti-British]] agitation. This was after the British authorities had discovered various treatises of Khan elucidating his stance on ''[[Jihad]]'' and detected several Najdi scholars under Khan's tutelage in [[Bhopal State|Bhopal]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Beránek|last2=Ťupek|first1=Ondřej|first2=Pavel|title=The Temptation of Graves in Salafi Islam: Iconoclasm, Destruction and Idolatry|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2018|isbn=978-1-4744-1757-0|location=Edinburgh|pages=90–91|chapter=2: Early Wahhabism and the Beginnings of Modern Salafism|quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite his own defense and the efforts of his wife to protect him, Khan was deposed by the British in 1885 and spent the remaining five years of his life living in privacy.&lt;ref name=pre/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ann2073&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Outside politics Khan's efforts to preserve and revive [[Hadith studies]], focusing on the statements and actions of [[Muhammad]], were well received. Due to his large amount of edited and original published works, he has been dubbed &quot;the Indian [[Al-Suyuti]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Muḥammad Isḥāq, ''India's contribution to the study of Hadith literature'', p. 175. [[University of Dhaka]], 1955.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Legacy==<br /> ===Views===<br /> <br /> ==== Theology ====<br /> {{See also|Traditionalist theology (Islam)|label 1=Traditionalist theology}}<br /> Khan's theological views were very much a product of Shah Waliullah's [[Islah|reformist]] school in India.&lt;ref name=ann208&gt;Schimmel, p. 208.&lt;/ref&gt; After Shah Waliullah, Siddiq Hasān Khan had emerged as the most prominent advocate of [[Ibn Taymiyyah|Ibn Taymiyya]]'s legacy in South Asia by undertaking the publication of a number of treatises that either elucidated his doctrines or provided theological arguments defending his ideas. He also reconciled Ibn Taymiyya's thought with what he regarded as authentic [[Sufism|Sufi]] spirituality.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Nizami|first=Khaliq AHmad|title=The Impact of Ibn Taymiyya on South Asia|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26195671|journal=Journal of Islamic Studies|year=1990|publisher=Oxford University Press|volume=1|pages=139–140|doi=10.1093/jis/1.1.120 |jstor=26195671|quote=After Shah Wali Allah, the most powerful advocate of Ibn Taimiyya's ideology was Nawab Sayyid Muhammad Siddiq Hasan Khan (1832–1890)...|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; Coupled with the reformist ideas of Yemeni theologian [[Al-Shawkani|Muhammad ibn 'Ali Al-Shawkani]], Khan and his ''[[Ahl-i Hadith|Ahl al-Hadith]]'' movement established similar iconoclastic ideas to the mainstream at the time.&lt;ref name=alav6/&gt;<br /> <br /> As an [[Traditionalist theology (Islam)|Athari]] theologian who embraced their doctrines, Khan strongly condemned ''[[Taqlid]]'' (blind-following) and believed in the literal interpretation of God's Attributes as part of upholding ''[[Tawhid]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rahmatullah 2015 3, 122&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Rahmatullah|title=Contribution of Nawab Siddique Hasan Khan to Quranic and Hadith Studies|publisher=Aligarh Muslim University|year=2015|location=Aligarh, India|pages=3, 122}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=June 2014|title=Nawab Siddiq Hasan Khan and His Tafsir Works|url=http://hazaraislamicus.hu.edu.pk/public/uploads/2014/Issue_1/13-nawab-siddique-hasan-khan.pdf|journal=Hazara Islamicus|pages=21–26|via=hazaraislamicus.hu.edu.pk/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Uzundaģ|first=Sait|date=2014|title=XIX. Asir Hindistan Hadi̇s Ali̇mi̇ siddîk hasan han'in ö.1307/1890 allah'in haberî sifatlari i̇le i̇lgi̇li̇ görüşleri̇|trans-title=19th-century Indian Hadith scholar Siddiq Hasan Khan's opinions d.1307/1890 on the Attributes of Allah|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/firatilahiyat/issue/61354/915754|journal=Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi|volume=19|issue=1|pages=125–145|via=Dergipark Akademik}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siddiq Hasan Khan played a major role in reviving and mainstreamising Ibn Taymiyya's theological polemics among 19th century ''Ahl-i Hadith'' circles; and denounced those who differed from the literalist understanding of Divine Attributes as &quot;''[[Jahmites]]''&quot; and &quot;''[[Muʿtazila|Mu'tazilites]]''&quot;. Through the publication of his works as well as classical creedal manuscripts across South Asia and the [[Arab world]], Khan considered the spread of Taymiyyan theology as one of the central aspects of his religious programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |editor1-last=Krawietz|editor1-first=birgit|editor2-last=Tamer|editor2-first=Georges |title=Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya |publisher=Walter De Gruyter |year=2013 |isbn=978-3-11-028534-5 |location=Berlin|pages=501–502 |chapter=Ibn Taymiyya's Worldview and the Challenge of Modernity}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Like Ibn Taymiyya, Khan also condemned ''[[Kalam|Kalām]]'' as a discipline &quot;full of speculation&quot; which was introduced by scholars of &quot;[[Greek philosophy]]&quot;. However, Siddiq Hasan Khan downplayed Ibn Taymiyya's denunciation of [[Ash'ari|Ash'ari school]] and did not follow him on this point. While the ''Ahl-i Hadith'' favoured the literalist, anti-speculative Atharite approaches, they also considered Ash'aris as part of [[Sunni Islam]] and did not seek to deteriorate relations with the Ash'arite scholarship in the [[Bhopal State]]. In his treatise ''Ḥujaj al-kirāma'', Ṣiddīq Ḥasan asserts that the core differences between the Ashʿaris and Atharis were limited to three or four points, without naming those issues. According to Khan, these were merely &quot;practical&quot; divergences (''khilāf-i taṭbīq'') and &quot;differences in terminology&quot; (''nizāʿ-yi lafẓī''); which were of minor importance. At the same time, Khan attacked the foundational premises of both [[logic]] and ''Kalam'' through his treatises like ''Abjad al-ʿulūm''; basing himself on the works of past scholars like [[Al-Shawkani]], Al-San'ani and Ibn Taymiyya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|editor1-last=Krawietz|editor1-first=birgit|editor2-last=Tamer|editor2-first=Georges|title=Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya|publisher=Walter De Gruyter|year=2013|isbn=978-3-11-028534-5|location=Berlin|pages=195–196|chapter=Screening Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Khān's Library: The Use of Ḥanbalī Literature in 19th-Century Bhopal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidtke 2014 428&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==== Reformist Vision ====<br /> {{See also|Islah|Pan-Islamism|Islamic fundamentalism}}<br /> Siddiq Hasan Khan's writings had a striking tone of pervasive pessimism, a fear of the [[Islamic eschatology#Signs of the end times|End of the World]], which propelled him towards an emotional commitment to herald drastic reforms. He thought that the [[British Raj|English rule]] over [[Muslims]] was a sign of the End Times and viewed rebellions and religious disorder across the [[Muslim world]] as evidence of a total decline. Proposing a solution to revert this decline, Siddiq Hasan Khan envisioned the revival of a unified ''[[Ummah|Umma]]'' welded together by a singular interpretation of the scriptures. For Khan and his disciples, the horror of disorder drove them to establish a true and common standard on which all Muslims could unite. However, this forced exclusivity and vision of drastic reforms created dissension and sparked protest from the rest of the scholarly establishment.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Daly Metcalf|first=Barbara|title=Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband, 1860–1900|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1982|isbn=9780195660494|location=Princeton, New Jersey|pages=269–270}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The theological and intellectual attitudes of Khan and his ''[[Ahl-i Hadith]]'' students were based on their pursuit of doctrinal uniformity through textual literalism and refuting the ideas of all other [[Muslim sects]]. Asserting that [[Pan-Islamism|Islamic unity]] can only be attained through literalist understanding of the Scriptures, Siddiq Hasan Khan writes:&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Those who are sincere servants of God and followers of the Tradition shun matters of dissension and disruption in the same way that worldly people shun matters of piety. . . . On the many new roads [i.e. the Law schools] that appeared approximately three hundred years after the hijrah or that day and night are constantly appearing, let no one walk. He who travels the straight path reaches the desired goal.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Daly Metcalf|first=Barbara|title=Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband, 1860–1900|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1982|isbn=9780195660494|location=Princeton, New Jersey|pages=269–270}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Not surprisingly given the fate of his ideological predecessors, much of Khan's polemics was based as a reaction against the prevailing religious climate; [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]], the [[Deobandi]] and [[Barelvi]] movements and the [[Shi'ites]] from which Khan himself was descended were all targets of Khan's reformist criticism.&lt;ref name=&quot;ann208&quot; /&gt; Khan's religious views have been described as centering on a desire to return to the pristine values with which [[Islam]] originally came, and to rid the Muslim world of the ills of charlatans, frauds and Hindu influence on Muslim practice.&lt;ref name=&quot;khan148&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Works===<br /> After his marriage to the Sultan, Khan began publishing his own original works in Arabic, [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[Urdu]]; the number of his works eventually topped 200, and many of them were distributed by the state press for free in Bhopal's schools.&lt;ref&gt;Malik, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt; His polemical and theological works are generally underlain by the principles of self-judgment, reason and rationality.&lt;ref name=alav7/&gt;<br /> <br /> Khan has been noted as one of the first scholars to research the topic of [[lexicography]] of the Arabic language, a field of study which the [[Arabs]] themselves had ignored until recently.&lt;ref&gt;John A. Haywood, ''Arabic Lexicography'', p. 1. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 1965.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=con&gt;John A. Haywood, &quot;An Indian Contribution to the Study of Arabic Lexicography.&quot; [[Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society]], October 1956, pp. 165–180.&lt;/ref&gt; Khan also made a comprehensive review of Arabic [[philology]] and [[lexicons]] produced up to his time.&lt;ref&gt;Haywood, ''Lexicography'', p. 61.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Khan also compiled a ''[[Quran|Qurʾānic]]'' commentary titled ''Fatḥ al-bayān fī maqāṣid al-Qurʾān'', a seminal work in the field of ''[[Tafsir]]'' which inspired numerous [[Islamic revival]]ist movements. It drew extensively from Yemeni theologian Shawkani's 1814 work on ''Qur'anic'' exegesis, ''Fatḥ al-qadīr''. Being written in [[Arabic]], ''Fatḥ al-bayān'' was also widely circulated across the [[Arab world]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidtke 2014 770&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Schmidtke|first1=Sabine|title=The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology|last2=Pink|first2=Johanna|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-19-969670-3|location=New York|page=770|chapter=Striving for a New Exegesis of the Qurʾān}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ====Original works====<br /> * ''Al-Bulgha fi Usul al-Lugha''. [[Istanbul]], 1879.&lt;ref name=con/&gt; Arabic.<br /> * ''Hell-fire: Its Torments and Denizens''. Trns. Saleh Dalleh. International Islamic Publishing House, 2005. English. {{ISBN|9789960850542}}<br /> * ''Tarjuman-i Wahhabiya''. Bhopal, 1884.&lt;ref name=&quot;alav82&quot; /&gt; Urdu.<br /> * ''Ash Shamama tul Anbarah min Mawlid al Khayr ul Barah'' (On Celebrating the ''[[Mawlid]]'')<br /> * ''Fatḥ al-bayān fī maqāṣid al-Qurʾān'', 1874.&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidtke 2014 770&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Syed Nazeer Husain]]<br /> * [[Salafism]]<br /> * [[Ahl al-Hadith]]<br /> <br /> ==Further reading==<br /> * Saeedullah. ''The Life and Works of Muhammad Siddiq Hasan Khan, Nawab of Bhopal, 1248–1307''. [[Lahore]]: Sh. Muhammad Ashraf.&lt;ref&gt;''Sufism and the 'Modern' in Islam'', p. 337. Eds. Martin Van Bruinessen and Julia Day Howell. London: I.B. Tauris, 2007. {{ISBN|9781850438540}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [https://www.rekhta.org/authors/abu-nasr-syed-mohammad-ali-hasan-khan/ebooks Abu Nasr Syed Mohammad Ali Hasan Khan]. Maasir e Siddiqui (in four parts), 1924.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4478109.Siddiq_Hasan_Khan Bibliography] at [[GoodReads]]<br /> * [http://wikimapia.org/990146/Nawaab-Siddique-Hasan-Khan-ka-maqbara Burial site] at [[WikiMapia]]<br /> <br /> {{Wahhabi clerics}}<br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Siddiq Hasan}}<br /> [[Category:1832 births]]<br /> [[Category:1890 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Indian royal consorts]]<br /> [[Category:Hadith scholars]]<br /> [[Category:19th-century Indian Muslims]]<br /> [[Category:19th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]<br /> [[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]<br /> [[Category:Writers from Bhopal]]<br /> [[Category:Non-conformists]]<br /> [[Category:19th-century Indian scholars]]<br /> [[Category:Scholars from Madhya Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Atharis]]<br /> [[Category:Ahl-i Hadith people]]<br /> [[Category:People from Kannauj]]<br /> [[Category:Wahhabis]]<br /> [[Category:19th-century Indian royalty]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Ponda_(1666)&diff=535759 2026-02-22T01:53:09Z

<p>Jimmy6788: New The Post Basic Info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|1666 conflict in Deccan}}{{About|1666 siege of Ponda|other sieges|Siege of Ponda (disambiguation)}}{{Infobox military conflict<br /> | conflict = Siege of Ponda<br /> | width = 330px<br /> | partof = <br /> | image = File:FORT.JPG<br /> | image_size = 300px<br /> | alt = <br /> | caption = [[Ponda Fort]] in 2010<br /> | date = January 1666 A.D.<br /> | place = [[Ponda, Goa|Ponda]], [[Goa]]<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|15|24|10|N|74|00|28|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | map_type = Karnataka#India<br /> | map_relief = -<br /> | map_size = 290px<br /> | map_mark = Big battle symbol.svg<br /> | map_marksize = 8<br /> | map_caption = Siege of Ponda (1666)<br /> | map_label = Ponda (1666)<br /> | territory = <br /> | result = [[Bijapur Sultanate|Bijapur]] victory&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Powell-Price|1955|p=357}} &quot;While Shivaji have failed to capture the Bijapur fort of Ponda near Goa and returned to Raigarh&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | status = <br /> | combatants_header = <br /> | combatant1 = [[File:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|25px]] [[Maratha Empire]]{{Efn|Mughal vassal at that time}}<br /> | combatant2 = [[Bijapur Sultanate]]&lt;br&gt;'''Supported by'''&lt;br&gt;[[File:Flag of Portugal (1521).svg|25px]] [[Portuguese India|Portuguese Goa]]<br /> | combatant3 = <br /> | commander1 = [[Shivaji]]{{Efn|Mughal general at that time&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Gordon |first=Stewart |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G7X4vQAACAAJ&amp;q=Phonda |title=The Marathas 1600-1818 |date=2007-02-01 |publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=74 |isbn=978-0-521-03316-9 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> | commander2 = Muhammad Khan&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Ali|1996|p=129}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | commander3 = <br /> | units1 = <br /> | units2 = <br /> | units3 = <br /> | strength1 = 2,000&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sarkar|1961|pp=234-235}} &quot;From this place [Khelna] he [Shivaji] sent 2,000 men under a Muhammadan officer to besige Phonda&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | strength2 = unknown<br /> | strength3 = <br /> | casualties1 = 500 killed&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sarkar|1961|p=235}} &quot;The garrison resisted for two months (February and March) killing 500 Marathas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | casualties2 = unknown<br /> | casualties3 = <br /> | notes = <br /> | campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Shivaji}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''Siege of Phonda'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Pagdi|1974|pp=157-158}}&lt;/ref&gt; was a military conflict between the [[Bijapur Sultanate]] and the [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]] over the strategic fort of Phonda ([[Ponda, Goa|Ponda]]), located at the borders of [[Goa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; in the year 1666, led by [[Shivaji]], the first [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] ruler.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f-AkzVA0tUUC |title=People's Raj |date=1974 |publisher=Directorate-General of Information and Public Relations. |pages=96 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; This was one of two sieges held in this location, with a [[Siege of Ponda|second siege]] in 1675.<br /> <br /> == Prelude ==<br /> The [[Battle of Purandar]] concluded with the signing of the [[Battle of Purandar|Treaty of Purandar]] on 11 June 1665. [[Shivaji]] relinquished control of 23 of his forts to the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]], and subsequently acknowledged Mughal suzerainty.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kLbwcH7DltYC |title=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay |date=1962 |publisher=The Society |pages=178 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shivaji, then a Mughal commander was tasked to capture the [[Panhala Fort|fort of Panhala]] and [[Ponda Fort|Phonda]] from the [[Sultanate of Bijapur|Bijapur Sultanate]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Gordon |first=Stewart |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHK-BhVXOU4C |title=The Marathas 1600-1818 |date=2007-02-01 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-03316-9 |pages=[https://books.google.com.bd/books?redir_esc=y&amp;id=iHK-BhVXOU4C&amp;q=Ponda#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false 74] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Shivaji]] made the decision to initiate the siege of [[Ponda, Goa|Ponda]] fort. The fort was being held by a Bijapuri commander named Muhammad Khan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Ali|1996|p=129}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == The Siege == <br /> In January 1666, [[Shivaji]] dispatched 2,000 soldiers under a Muslim general who laid siege on the [[Ponda Fort|Fort of Ponda]] under his command.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sarkar|1961|p=295}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Setumaadhavaraav |first=Pagadii |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.287415 |title=Chhatrapati Shivaajii |date=1989 |pages=64 |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt; The garrison of the fort resisted for next two months killing 500 Marathas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sarkar|1961|p=235}}&lt;/ref&gt; Meanwhile 5,000 cavalry and 1,000 infantry arrived under the command of [[Siddi Masud]], Abdul Aziz and [[Rustam Zaman|Rustam-i-Zaman]] to the [[Panhala]] region. The Bijapur army planned to attack Shivaji but failed to execute the assault, giving Shivaji the opportunity to flee.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sarkar|1961|p=235}} &quot;they formed a plan for surprising Shivaji, who lay on the top of the hill over-looking Konkan. When their Van, under Rustam, approached, he beat his drums and sounded his trumpets and thus gave his friend Shivaji timely warning to escape.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> Masud Siddi charged the retreating Marathas with 600 cavalry, killing 200 of them. While returning back he intercepted Shivaji's friendly letters to Rustam. The letters were immediately sent to Adil Shah who unwillingly, pardoned Rustam but threatened to dismiss him if he fails to lift the siege of Phonda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sarkar|1961|p=235}} &quot;At this Adil Shah wrote to Rustam that though he reluctantly pardoned this act of disloyalty, he would dismiss him unless he raised the siege of Phonda. Rustam then wrote to his agent Muhammad Khan to save Phonda by all means&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Rustam communicated to Muhammad Khan to spare no effort in defending the fort. The [[Portuguese India|Portuguese Viceroy of Goa]] provided ammunition and other assistance to the commander, aligning with the Adil Shahis of [[Bijapur]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Apte |first=Bhalchandra Krishna |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jx48AAAAMAAJ |title=Chhatrapati Shivaji: Coronation Tercentenary Commemoration Volume |date=1975 |publisher=University of Bombay |pages=112 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Ali|1986|p=86}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> Muhammad Khan carved a plan to attack the Maratha army under Shivaji's general. Moving down in a town off from Phonda with a small force, Muhammad Khan informed Shivaji's general that he had come to visit his country. As Shivaji and Rustam were friends, the general did not suspect. The Muslim general began offering prayers on top of the hill. Muhammad Khan ambushed and defeated the unprepared Maratha army, routing their siege-camp and overcoming the returning forces after a fierce battle. Despite the protracted siege, Shivaji failed&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sarkar|1961|p=235}} &quot;Muhammad Khan could get together only a small force, with which he went and sat down in a town of his master’s about three miles from Phonda, and sent word to the general of Shivaji that he had only come to look after his own country. The general suspected no stratagem, as his master and Rustam were friends. He went with his Muslim soldiery to a hill a mile off in order to say his prayers in public. Muhammad Khan seized this opportunity; he surprised and routed the soldiers left in the siege-camp, and after a long and well contested fight defeated the rest of the Maratha army who had hurried back from the hill.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Despite the protracted siege, Shivaji now failed&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Powell-Price|1955|p=357}}&lt;/ref&gt; to seize control of the fort&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Ali|1986|p=66}}; {{Harvard citation no brackets|Tamble|1982|p=84}}&lt;/ref&gt; and ultimately retreated to his territory at Raigarh Fort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Pagdi|1974|p=|pp=157-158}}; {{Harvard citation no brackets|Mhamai|1984|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=kUZSHKhKJ4gC&amp;pg=PP17&amp;source=gbs_selected_pages&amp;cad=1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false 5]}}&lt;/ref&gt; The fort's commandant emerged triumphant in defending the fort and preventing it from falling under Shivaji's dominion.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Ali|1986|p=62}}; {{Harvard citation no brackets|Mhamai|1984|p=[https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=kUZSHKhKJ4gC&amp;pg=PP17&amp;source=gbs_selected_pages&amp;cad=1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false 5]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Aftermath ==<br /> After an unsuccessful siege, Shivaji returned to [[Raigad Fort|Raigarh]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Powell-Price|1955|p=357}} &quot;While Shivaji have failed to capture the Bijapur fort of Ponda near Goa and returned to Raigarh&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Rustam also took five towns viz. Pondá, [[Kudal]], Banda, [[Sanquelim]] and [[Bicholim]] from Shivaji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Sarkar|1961|p=236}} &quot;Rustam hath taken now Phonda, Kudal, Banda, Sanquelim and Bicholim&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; In May 1666, [[Shivaji]] was summoned by [[Aurangzeb]] to Agra (though some sources mention Delhi) along with his nine-year-old son Sambhaji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvard citation no brackets|Jr|2015|p=190}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == See also == <br /> *[[Battle of Purandar]] <br /> *[[Siege of Ponda (1675)]]<br /> <br /> == Notes ==<br /> {{notelist}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == Bibliography ==<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Powell-Price |first=John Cadwgan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uFTRAAAAMAAJ |title=A History of India |date=1955 |publisher=T. Nelson |language=en}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Kamble |first=B. R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HdQgAAAAMAAJ |title=Studies in Shivaji and His Times |date=1982 |publisher=Shivaji University |language=en}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Pagdi |first=Setumadhava Rao |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BKwdAAAAMAAJ |title=Chhatrapati Shivaji |date=1974 |publisher=Continental Prakashan |language=en}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Ali |first=Shanti Sadiq |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rDtuAAAAMAAJ |title=The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times |date=1996 |publisher=Orient Longman |isbn=978-81-250-0485-1 |language=en}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Ali |first=B. Sheikh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tCZuAAAAMAAJ |title=Goa Wins Freedom: Reflections and Reminiscences |date=1986 |publisher=Goa University |isbn=978-81-85571-00-3 |language=en}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Jr |first=Everett Jenkins |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kSYkCQAAQBAJ |title=The Muslim Diaspora (Volume 2, 1500-1799): A Comprehensive Chronology of the Spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas |date=2015-05-07 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-1-4766-0889-1 |language=en}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Jadunath |url=https://archive.org/details/shivaji-and-his-times-jadunath-sarkar/mode/1up |title=Shivaji and His Times |date=1961 |publisher=M. C. Sarkar &amp; Sons Pvt. Ltd |isbn= |edition=6th |location=Calcutta |language=en |orig-year=1919}}<br /> * {{Cite book |last=Mhamai |first=S. K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kUZSHKhKJ4gC |title=SAWANTS OF WADI Coastal Politics in 18th and 19th Centuries |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |year=1984 |location=New Delhi |language=en}}<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Shivaji]]<br /> [[Category:Marathi people]]<br /> [[Category:Maratha kings]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Encyclopaedia_of_Islam&diff=457682 2026-02-17T21:07:20Z

<p>Jimmy6788: brief fix formatting for clarity as per guidelines</p> <hr /> <div>{{Distinguish|Encyclopaedia Islamica|TDV Encyclopedia of Islam}}<br /> {{Update|date=February 2022}}<br /> {{Short description|English reference work series (1913-present)}}<br /> {{Infobox book<br /> | name = Encyclopaedia of Islam<br /> | title_orig = <br /> | translator = <br /> | image = EncyclopediaIslam1.JPG<br /> | caption = Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition<br /> | author = Various scholars<br /> | editor = Martijn Theodoor Houtsma (First Edition)&lt;br&gt;P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs (Second Edition)&lt;br&gt;Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett K. Rowson (Third Edition)<br /> | country = Leiden, Netherlands<br /> | language = English, French, and German (First Edition)&lt;br&gt;English (Second and Third Edition)<br /> | series = <br /> | subject = Islam, Islamic studies<br /> | genre = [[Reference work]]<br /> | publisher = [[Brill Publishers|Brill]]<br /> | pub_date = 1913–1938 (First Edition)&lt;br&gt;1954–2008 (Second Edition)&lt;br&gt;2007–present (Third Edition)<br /> | media_type = Print (All editions)&lt;br&gt;Online (Third Edition)<br /> | pages = <br /> | isbn = <br /> | oclc = <br /> | dewey = <br /> | congress = <br /> | preceded_by = <br /> | followed_by = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''''Encyclopaedia of Islam''''' (also {{Langx|fr|'''Encyclopédie de l'Islam'''}} and {{Langx|de|'''Enzyklopädie des Islām'''}}; '''''EI''''' is a common abbreviation in all three languages) is a [[reference work]] that facilitates the [[Islamic studies|academic study of Islam]]. It is published by [[Brill Publishers|Brill]] and provides information on various aspects of [[Islam]] and the [[Muslim world|Islamic world]]. It is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies.&lt;ref name=&quot;Greskowiak&quot;/&gt; The first edition was published in 1913–1938, the second in 1954–2005, and the third was begun in 2007.<br /> <br /> == Content ==<br /> According to Brill, the ''EI'' includes &quot;articles on distinguished Muslims of every age and land, on tribes and dynasties, on the crafts and sciences, on political and religious institutions, on the geography, ethnography, flora and fauna of the various countries and on the history, topography and monuments of the major towns and cities. In its geographical and historical scope it encompasses the old Arabo-Islamic empire, the Islamic countries of Iran, Central Asia, the Indian sub-continent and Indonesia, the Ottoman Empire and all other Islamic countries&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Brill-description&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.brill.com/publications/encyclopaedia-islam |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |access-date=2016-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111023510/http://www.brill.com/publications/encyclopaedia-islam |archive-date=2016-01-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> <br /> ''EI'' is considered to be the standard reference work in the field of Islamic studies.&lt;ref name=&quot;Greskowiak&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.brill.com/publications/encyclopaedia-islam |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |access-date=2016-01-11 |quote=It is the standard international reference for all fields of 'Islam' (Es ist das internationale Standardwerk für alle Bereiche 'des Islams'. Martin Greskowiak, Orientalistische Literaturzeitung, 1990). |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111023510/http://www.brill.com/publications/encyclopaedia-islam |archive-date=2016-01-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Each article was written by a recognized specialist on the relevant topic.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}<br /> <br /> {{blockquote|text=The most important, authoritative reference work in English on Islam and Islamic subjects. Includes long, signed articles, with bibliographies. Special emphasis is given in this (''EI2'') edition to economic and social topics, but it remains the standard encyclopedic reference on the Islamic religion in English.|source=Librarian Suzanne K. Lorimer, [[Yale University Library]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last=Lorimer | first=Suzanne K. | date=October 20, 1997 | url=http://www.library.yale.edu/rsc/islam/dicts.htm |title=Yale University Library Research Guide: Islam | publisher=Yale University Library |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990128144234/http://www.library.yale.edu/rsc/islam/dicts.htm |archive-date=January 28, 1999 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{blockquote|text=The most important and comprehensive reference tool for Islamic studies is the ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'', an immense effort to deal with every aspect of Islamic civilization, conceived in the widest sense, from its origins down to the present day... ''EI'' is no anonymous digest of received wisdom. Most of the articles are signed, and while some are hardly more than dictionary entries, others are true research pieces – in many cases the best available treatment of their subject.|source=Historian [[R. Stephen Humphreys]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Humphreys&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=R. Stephen |last=Humphreys |title=Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry |location=Princeton, New Jersey |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1991 |isbn=0-691-00856-6 |page=4 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{blockquote|text=This reference work is of fundamental importance on topics dealing with the geography, ethnography and biography of Muslim peoples.|source=Iranologist [[Elton L. Daniel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iranica&quot;&gt;{{Encyclopædia Iranica Online |last=Daniel |first=Elton L. |author-link=Elton L. Daniel |date=December 15, 2011 |orig-date=1998 | article=Encyclopaedia of Islam | url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/encyclopaedia-of-islam | volume=8 | fascicle=4 |pp=432-435 | access-date=9 November 2023}} Revised from {{Encyclopædia Iranica |last=Daniel |first=Elton L. |author-link=Elton L. Daniel | article=Encyclopaedia of Islam | volume=8 | fascicle=4 |pp=432-435}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> <br /> Historian [[Richard M. Eaton|Richard Eaton]] criticised the ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' in the book ''India's Islamic Traditions, 711–1750'', published in 2003. He writes that in attempting to describe and define Islam, the project subscribes to the [[Orientalism#Oriental studies|Orientalist]], monolithic notion that Islam is a &quot;bounded, self-contained entity&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Eaton | first=Richard Maxwell | chapter=Introduction &lt;!-- | pages=1-36 --&gt; | editor-last=Eaton | editor-first=Richard Maxwell | title=India's Islamic Traditions, 711-1750 | series=Themes in Indian History | publisher=Oxford University Press | publication-place=New Delhi | date=2003 | isbn=978-0-19-565974-0 | chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/indiasislamictra0000unse/page/11/mode/1up | page=11}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Editions ==<br /> The first edition (''EI1'') was modeled on the [[Pauly-Wissowa]] ''[[Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft]]''. ''EI1'' was created under the aegis of the [[International Union of Academies]], and coordinated by [[Leiden University]]. It was published by Brill in four volumes plus supplement from 1913 to 1938 in English, German, and French editions.<br /> <br /> An abridged version was published in 1953 as the ''Shorter Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (''SEI''), covering mainly law and religion. Excerpts of the ''SEI'' have been translated and published in Turkish, Arabic, and Urdu.<br /> <br /> The second edition of ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (''EI2'') was begun in 1954 and completed in 2005 (several indexes to be published until 2007); it is published by the Dutch academic publisher Brill and is available in English and French. Since 1999, (''EI2'') has been available in electronic form, in both CD-ROM and web-accessible versions. Besides a great expansion in content, the second edition of ''EI'' differs from the first mainly in incorporating the work of scholars of Muslim and Middle Eastern background among its many hundreds of contributors:<br /> <br /> {{blockquote||text=''EI1'' and ''SEI'' were produced almost entirely by European scholars, and they represent a specifically European interpretation of Islamic civilization. The point is not that this interpretation is &quot;wrong&quot;, but that the questions addressed in these volumes often differ sharply from those which Muslims have traditionally asked about themselves. ''EI2'' is a somewhat different matter. It began in much the same way as its predecessor, but a growing proportion of the articles now come from scholars of Muslim background. The persons do not represent the traditional learning of [[Qom]] and [[Al-Azhar University|al-Azhar]], to be sure; they have been trained in Western-style universities, and they share the methodology if not always the cultural values and attitudes of their Western colleagues. Even so, the change in tone is perceptible and significant.|author=R. Stephen Humphreys&lt;ref name=&quot;Humphreys&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> <br /> Publication of the Third Edition of ''EI'' (''EI3'') started in 2007. It is available online, printed &quot;Parts&quot; appearing four times per year. The editorial team consists of twenty 'Sectional Editors' and five 'Executive Editors' (i.e. editors-in-chief). The Executive Editors are Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer ([[Free University, Berlin]]), Everett Rowson (New York University), John Nawas ([[Université catholique de Louvain|Catholic University of Leuven]]), and Denis Matringe (EHESS, CNRS). The scope of ''EI3'' includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century; expansion of geographical focus to include all areas where Islam has been or is a prominent or dominant aspect of society; attention to Muslim minorities all over the world; and full attention to social science as well as humanistic perspectives.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=18&amp;pid=24186 |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam Three |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |access-date=2008-04-02 |archive-date=2008-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403030602/http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=18&amp;pid=24186 |url-status=live }} Serial. {{ISSN|1873-9830}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.brill.nl/uploadedFiles/EI3preview.pdf |title=IE3 Preview |date=Spring 2007 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |access-date=2008-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411154128/http://www.brill.nl/uploadedFiles/EI3preview.pdf |archive-date=April 11, 2008 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === 1st edition, ''EI1'' ===<br /> *{{cite book |editor=M. Th. Houtsma |editor-link=Martijn Theodoor Houtsma |title=The Encyclopædia of Islam: A Dictionary of the Geography, Ethnography and Biography of the Muhammadan Peoples |location=Leiden |publisher= [[Brill Publishers|E.J. Brill]] |display-editors=etal}} 1913–38. 4 vols. and Suppl.<br /> **Vol.1. '''A–D''', M. Th. Houtsma, [[T. W. Arnold]], [[René Basset|R. Basset]] eds., 1913.<br /> ***Reprint [https://books.google.com/books?id=zJU3AAAAIAAJ A-Ba], [https://books.google.com/books?id=p5U3AAAAIAAJ Ba-Bu]<br /> **Vol.2. '''E–K''', M. Th. Houtsma, [[Arent Jan Wensinck|A. J. Wensinck]], T. W. Arnold eds., 1927.<br /> ***Reprint [https://books.google.com/books?id=7CP7fYghBFQC Itk-Kan]<br /> **Vol.3. '''L–R''', M. Th. Houtsma, A. J. Wensinck, [[Évariste Lévi-Provençal|E. Levi-Provençal]] eds., 1934.<br /> ***Reprint [https://books.google.com/books?id=Va6oSxzojzoC L-M], [https://books.google.com/books?id=fWNpIGNFz0IC Morocco-Ruyan]<br /> **Vol.4. '''S–Z''', M. Th. Houtsma, A. J. Wensinck, [[H. A. R. Gibb]], eds., 1936.<br /> *** Reprint [https://books.google.com/books?id=sP_hVmik-QYC S], [https://books.google.com/books?id=ro--tXw_hxMC T-Z], [https://books.google.com/books?id=GpQ3AAAAIAAJ Supplement]<br /> ***Suppl. No.1. Ab-Djughrafiya, 1934.<br /> ***Suppl. No.2. Djughrafiya-Kassala, 1936.<br /> ***Suppl. No.3. Kassala-Musha'sha', 1937.<br /> ***Suppl. No.4. Musha'sha'-Taghlib, 1937.<br /> ***Suppl. No.5. Taghlib-Ziryab, 1938.<br /> *M. Th. Houtsma, R. Basset et T. W. Arnold, eds., ''Encyclopédie de l'Islam: Dictionnaire géographique, ethnographique et biographique des peuples musulmans. Publié avec le concours des principaux orientalistes,'' 4 vols. avec Suppl., Leyde: Brill et Paris: Picard, 1913–1938. (French)<br /> *M. Th. Houtsma, R. Basset und T. W. Arnold, herausgegeben von, ''Enzyklopaedie des Islām : Geographisches, ethnographisches und biographisches Wörterbuch der muhammedanischen Völker,'' 5 vols., Leiden: Brill und Leipzig : O. Harrassowitz, 1913–1938. (German) – [https://archive.org/details/enzyklopaediedes01hout vol.&amp;nbsp;1], [https://archive.org/details/enzyklopaediedes03hout vol.&amp;nbsp;3], [https://archive.org/details/enzyklopaediedes04hout vol.&amp;nbsp;4]<br /> *M. Th. Houtsma et al., eds., ''E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936,'' Leiden: E. J. Brill, 8 vols. with Supplement (vol. 9), 1993. {{ISBN|90-04-09796-1}}<br /> <br /> === ''SEI'' ===<br /> *H. A. R. Gibb and J. H. Kramers eds. on behalf of the Royal Netherlands Academy, ''Shorter Encyclopäedia of Islam'', Leiden: Brill, 1953. {{ISBN|90-04-00681-8}}<br /> *M. Th. Houtsma et al. eds., {{lang|tr|[[İslâm Ansiklopedisi]] : İslâm âlemi coğrafya, etnografya ve biyografya lûgati}}, 13 in 15 vols., İstanbul: Maarif Matbaası, 1940–1988. (Turkish)<br /> *{{lang|ar|أحمد الشنتناوي، إبراهيم زكي خورشيد، عبد الحميد يونس، دائرة المعارف الإسلامية: اصدر بالألمانية والإنجليزية والفرنسية واعتمد في الترجمة العربية على الأصلين الإنجليزي والفرنسي، الطبعة ٢، القاهرة: دار الشعب، -١٩٦٩|rtl=yes}} (Arabic)<br /> *{{lang|ur|محمود ‌الحسن عارف، مختصر اردو دائرۀ معارف اسلامیه، لاهور: دانشگاه پنجاب، ۲۵ ج.ها، ۱۹۵۹-۱۹۹۳|rtl=yes}} (Urdu)<br /> <br /> === {{anchor|EI2}} 2nd edition, ''EI2'' ===<br /> [[File:EncyclopediaIslam2.JPG|thumb|Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)]]<br /> *Edited by [[P. J. Bearman]], [[Thierry Bianquis|Th. Bianquis]], [[C. E. Bosworth]], [[Emeri Johannes van Donzel|E. van Donzel]], [[W. P. Heinrichs]] et al., ''Encyclopædia of Islam,'' 2nd Edition., 12 vols. with indexes, etc., Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1960–2005<br /> **Vol. 1, '''A – l–B''', Edited by an Editorial Committee Consisting of [[H. A. R. Gibb]], [[Johannes Hendrik Kramers|J. H. Kramers]], [[Évariste Lévi-Provençal|E. Lévi-Provençal]], [[Joseph Schacht|J. Schacht]], Assisted by [[S. M. Stern]] (pp.&amp;nbsp;1–320); – [[Bernard Lewis|B. Lewis]], [[Charles Pellat|Ch. Pellat]] and J. Schacht, Assisted by C. Dumont and R. M. Savory (pp.&amp;nbsp;321–1359). 1960. {{ISBN|90-04-08114-3}}<br /> **Vol. 2, '''C–G''', Edited by B. Lewis, Ch. Pellat and J. Schacht. Assisted by J. Burton-Page, C. Dumont and V.L. Ménage., 1965. {{ISBN|90-04-07026-5}}<br /> **Vol. 3, '''H–Iram''' Edited by B. Lewis, V.L. Ménage, Ch. Pellat and J. Schacht, Assisted by C. Dumont, E. van Donzel and G.R. Hawting eds., 1971. {{ISBN|90-04-08118-6}}<br /> **Vol. 4, '''Iran–Kha''', Edited by E. van Donzel, B. Lewis and Ch. Pellat, Assisted by C. Dumont, G.R. Hawting and M. Paterson (pp.&amp;nbsp;1–256); – C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, B. Lewis and Ch. Pellat, Assisted by C. Dumont and M. Paterson (pp.&amp;nbsp;257–768); – Assisted by F. Th. Dijkema, M., 1978. {{ISBN|90-04-05745-5}}<br /> **Vol. 5, '''Khe–Mahi''', Edited by C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, B. Lewis and Ch. Pellat, Assisted by F.Th. Dijkema and S. Nurit., 1986. {{ISBN|90-04-07819-3}}<br /> ***[https://books.google.com/books?id=xJY3AAAAIAAJ via Google Books]<br /> **Vol. 6, '''Mahk–Mid''', Edited by C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and Ch. Pellat, Assisted by F.Th. Dijkema and S. Nurit. With B. Lewis (pp.&amp;nbsp;1–512) and W.P. Heinrichs (pp.&amp;nbsp;513–1044)., 1991. {{ISBN|90-04-08112-7}}<br /> **Vol. 7, '''Mif–Naz''', Edited by C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs and Ch. Pellat, Assisted by F.Th. Dijkema (pp.&amp;nbsp;1–384), P. J. Bearman (pp.&amp;nbsp;385–1058) and Mme S. Nurit, 1993. {{ISBN|90-04-09419-9}}<br /> **Vol. 8, '''Ned–Sam''', Edited by C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W. P. Heinrichs and G. Lecomte, Assisted by P.J. Bearman and Mme S. Nurit., 1995. {{ISBN|90-04-09834-8}}<br /> **Vol. 9, '''San–Sze''', Edited by C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W. P. Heinrichs and the late G. Lecomte, 1997. {{ISBN|90-04-10422-4}}<br /> **Vol. 10, '''Tā'–U[..]''', Edited by P. J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W. P. Heinrichs, 2000. {{ISBN|90-04-11211-1}}<br /> **Vol. 11, '''V–Z''', Edited by P. J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W. P. Heinrichs, 2002. {{ISBN|90-04-12756-9}}<br /> **Vol. 12, Supplement, Edited by P. J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W. P. Heinrichs, 2004. {{ISBN|90-04-13974-5}}<br /> **Glossary and index of terms to v. 1–9, 1999. {{ISBN|90-04-11635-4}}<br /> **Index of proper names v. 1–10, 2002. {{ISBN|90-04-12107-2}}<br /> **Index of subjects, fasc. 1, compiled by P. J. Bearman, 2005. {{ISBN|90-04-14361-0}}<br /> **Glossary and index of terms to v. 1–12, 2006. {{ISBN|90-04-15610-0}}<br /> **An Historical Atlas of Islam, ed., [[William C. Brice]], 1981. {{ISBN|90-04-06116-9}}<br /> *E. van Donzel, ''Islamic desk reference: compiled from The Encyclopaedia of Islam,'' Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1994. {{ISBN|90-04-09738-4}} (an abridged selection)<br /> <br /> === 3rd edition, ''EI3'' ===<br /> *Edited by Kate Fleet, [[Gudrun Krämer]], Denis Matringe, John Nawas, and [[Everett K. Rowson]], ''Encyclopædia of Islam,'' 3rd Edition., available online, printed &quot;Parts&quot; appearing four times per year, Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2007–. {{ISSN|1873-9830}}<br /> <br /> ==Translation==<br /> ===Urdu===<br /> {{Main|Urdu Daira Maarif Islamiya}}<br /> It was translated into Urdu in 23 volumes named ''[[Urdu Daira Maarif Islamiya]]'', published by [[University of the Punjab]].<br /> <br /> == See also ==&lt;!-- Please respect alphabetical order --&gt;<br /> * ''[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]'', English-language encyclopedia from a Catholic perspective (1907-1912)<br /> * ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]'', English-language encyclopedia of Iranian studies (1985-)<br /> * ''[[Encyclopaedia Islamica]]'', Persian-language encyclopedia of Islam and Iranian studies (1983-)<br /> * ''[[Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān]]'', English-language encyclopedia of Quranic studies (2001-2006)<br /> * {{Lang|tr|[[İslâm Ansiklopedisi]]}}, Turkish-language encyclopedia of Islamic studies closely related to the ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (1939-)<br /> * ''[[Jewish Encyclopedia]]'', English-language encyclopedia of Jewish studies (1901-1906)<br /> * ''[[Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft]]'', also known as the ''Pauly–Wissowa'', German-language encyclopedia of classical studies (1894–1980)<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * ''[https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/cluster/Encyclopaedia%20of%20Islam Encyclopaedia of Islam]'' – online access, [[Brill Publishers]].<br /> * {{commons category-inline}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Encyclopedias of Islam]]<br /> [[Category:1913 non-fiction books]]<br /> [[Category:1910s in Islam]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guns_%26_Gulaabs&diff=501440 2026-02-14T12:23:46Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Adding Some Post Added Tags</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian black comedy crime television series}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=March 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox television<br /> | image = Guns &amp; Gulaabs logo.png<br /> | genre = [[Black comedy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Crime thriller]]<br /> | creator = [[Raj &amp; DK]]<br /> | writer = Suman Kumar&lt;br /&gt;[[Raj &amp; DK]]&lt;br /&gt;'''Hindi Dialogues:'''&lt;br /&gt;[[Sumit Arora]]<br /> | screenplay = Suman Kumar&lt;br /&gt;Raj &amp; DK<br /> | director = [[Raj &amp; DK]]<br /> | starring = &lt;!--Follow official cast order--&gt;[[Dulquer Salmaan]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Rajkummar Rao]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Adarsh Gourav]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Gulshan Devaiah]]<br /> | music = Aman Pant<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Hindi<br /> | num_seasons = 1<br /> | num_episodes = 7<br /> | executive_producer = Dimpy Agrawal&lt;br/&gt;Rajat Kanti Sarkar<br /> | producer = Raj &amp; DK<br /> | location = India<br /> | cinematography = Pankaj Kumar<br /> | editor = Sumeet Kotian&lt;br/&gt; Manas Anuj Parekh <br /> | company = D2R Films&lt;br /&gt;Netflix<br /> | runtime = 44–81 minutes<br /> | network = [[Netflix]]<br /> | first_aired = {{Start date|2023|08|18|df=y}}<br /> | last_aired = present<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Guns &amp; Gulaabs''''' is an Indian [[black comedy]] [[Crime fiction|crime thriller]] [[streaming television]] series on [[Netflix]], created and directed by [[Raj &amp; DK]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ramachandran |first=Naman |date=31 January 2022 |title=Netflix Sets Indian Series 'Guns &amp; Gulaabs' From 'The Family Man' Creators – Global Bulletin |url=https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/netflix-indian-series-guns-gulaabs-the-family-man-1235167571/ |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 January 2022 |title=Raj and DK's quirky Netflix series starring Dulquer Salmaan, Adarsh Gourav and Rajkummar Rao titled Guns &amp; Gulaabs |website=Bollywood Hungama |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/raj-and-dks-quirky-netflix-series-starring-rajkummar-rao-adarsh-gourav-and-dulquer-salmaan-titled-guns-gulaabs/ |access-date=29 August 2022 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Produced under the banner D2R Films in collaboration with Netflix,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Raj &amp; DK collab with Netflix |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/raj-dk-collab-with-netflix-419065 |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=Tribuneindia News Service |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; the series stars &lt;!--Follow official cast order--&gt;[[Dulquer Salmaan]], [[Rajkummar Rao]], [[Adarsh Gourav]], and [[Gulshan Devaiah]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 March 2022 |title=Guns And Gulaabs: Rajkummar Rao, Dulquer Salmaan unveil their first looks from Netflix show, see pics |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/guns-and-gulaabs-rajkummar-rao-dulquer-salmaan-unveil-their-first-looks-from-netflix-show-see-pics-101647924020856.html |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Netflix unveils posters of Rajkummar Rao, Dulquer Salmaan, Adarsh Gourav from 'Guns &amp; Gulaabs' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/hindi/2022/mar/22/netflix-unveils-posters-of-rajkummar-rao-dulquer-salmaan-adarsh-gourav-from-guns--gulaabs-2432940.html |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=The New Indian Express|date=22 March 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=22 March 2022 |title=Netflix unveils first looks of Rajkummar Rao, Dulquer Salmaan from 'Guns &amp; Gulaabs' |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/netflix-unveils-first-looks-of-rajkummar-rao-dulquer-salmaan-from-guns-gulaabs/article65248832.ece |access-date=29 August 2022 |issn=0971-751X}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The title ''Guns &amp; Gulaabs'' was inspired by the American hard rock band ''[[Guns N' Roses]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2023 |title=Raj-DK on creating '90s nostalgia with Guns and Gulaabs: 'You always go back to personal experiences' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/raj-dk-on-creating-90s-nostalgia-with-guns-and-gulaabs-you-always-go-back-to-personal-experiences-8881220/ |access-date=10 August 2023 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The series premiered on 18 August 2023 on Netflix.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ramachandran |first=Naman |date=2 August 2023 |title=Dulquer Salmaan, Rajkummar Rao in Netflix Homage to 1990s Bollywood 'Guns &amp; Gulaabs': Trailer Unveiled |url=https://variety.com/2023/global/news/dulquer-salmaan-rajkummar-rao-guns-gulaabs-trailer-netflix-1235685733/ |access-date=2 August 2023 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 January 2022 |title=Raj &amp; DK all set to join hands with Netflix for crime-comedy thriller Guns &amp; Gulaabs |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/raj-dk-all-set-join-hands-netflix-crime-comedy-thriller-guns-gulaabs-1010836 |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=PINKVILLA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; In December 2023, Netflix renewed the series for a second season.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 December 2023 |title=Raj and DK's 'Guns &amp; Gulaabs' renewed for Season 2 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/raj-and-dks-guns-gulaabs-renewed-for-season-2/article67682786.ece |access-date=30 October 2024 |website=The Hindu}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Premise ==<br /> In the cartel-controlled town of Gulaabgunj, a high-stakes opium deal entangles a tough city cop and a romantically troubled mechanic in a whirlwind of chaos, crime, and unexpected alliances.<br /> <br /> == Cast ==<br /> &lt;!--Follow official cast order--&gt;<br /> * [[Dulquer Salmaan]] as Arjun Varma [[Indian Revenue Service|IRS]], a [[Central Bureau of Narcotics]] Officer<br /> * [[Rajkummar Rao]] as &quot;Paana&quot; Tipu Tiger / Spanner Tipu<br /> * [[Adarsh Gourav]] as Jugnu &quot;Chhotu&quot; Ganchi, Ganchi's son<br /> * [[Gulshan Devaiah]] as &quot;Chaar(4)-Cut&quot; Atmaram, The main antagonist<br /> * Sushil Kumar as Dheeraj<br /> * [[Rajatava Dutta]] as Sukanto<br /> * Goutam Sharma as Suneel, Tipu's friend<br /> * Gourav Sharma as Aneel, Suneel's brother<br /> * [[Satish Kaushik]] as Ganchi, Chhota's father<br /> * Nilesh Divekar as Nabeed, Ganchi's rival<br /> * [[Vaazhl|TJ Bhanu Parvathimurthy]] as Chandralekha &quot;Lekha&quot;<br /> * [[Pooja Gor]] as Madhu Varma, Arjun's wife<br /> * Suhani Sethi as Jyotsna &quot;Jo&quot; Varma, Arjun and Madhu's daughter<br /> * [[Shreya Dhanwanthary]] as Yamini<br /> * [[Vipin Sharma]] as Mahendra<br /> * [[Ashmith Kunder]] as Sambi<br /> * Manuj Sharma as Bunty, Tipu's friend<br /> * Sanchay Goswami as Nirmal<br /> * [[Varun Badola]] as Pratap<br /> * [[Jeetu Shastri]] as Mandir Pandit<br /> * Krish Rao as Lalkrishna Panwar &quot;Nannu&quot;<br /> * Tanishq Chaudhary as Gangram &quot;Gangu&quot;<br /> * Araham Sawant as Ikhlaq<br /> * Adrija Sinha as Mamta<br /> * Kumar Saurabh as Madari Baba<br /> * Vikrant Massey as Devdas<br /> <br /> ==Episodes==<br /> {{Episode table |background=#F0D107 |overall= |title= |director= |writer= |airdate= |airdateR= |country= |episodes=<br /> {{Episode list<br /> |EpisodeNumber = 1<br /> |Title = Chapter 1: Har Insaan Mein Hai Shaitaan<br /> |DirectedBy = [[Raj &amp; DK]]<br /> |WrittenBy = [[Suman Kumar]] and Raj &amp; DK<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|08|18|df=yes}}<br /> |ShortSummary = The story is set in Gulaabganj, a fictional town where government-licensed opium is grown. The vast majority of opium flow is controlled by two rival gangs, led by Ganchi and Nabeed. Gangaram, a local student, witnesses Babu Tiger, the right-hand man of Ganchi, being murdered by a hired killer named Four-Cut Aatmaram. Ganchi strikes a deal with Sukanto to deliver a large quantity of opium by the end of the month. Tipu, Babu's son, is a mechanic who is disgusted by Babu's criminal ways. He rejects Ganchi's offer to join his gang. Tipu wants to impress his crush Chandralekha (&quot;Lekha&quot;), an English teacher at the school, by writing her a letter in English expressing his feelings. Since he cannot speak English, he hires Gangaram and his friends Nannu and Ikhlaq to write the letter. When Gangaram finds out that the letter is for Lekha, he sabotages it as he also has a crush on her. Lekha is outraged by the contents of the letter and berates Tipu. A new Narcotics officer, Arjun, arrives in Gulaabganj. The corrupt policeman Mishra explains to him the opium smuggling system and asks him to join in, but Arjun refuses. At home, Arjun hides a mysterious call from his wife Madhu and daughter Jyotsna (&quot;Jo&quot;). Two thugs working for Aatmaram come to Tipu's workshop to get their motorbike fixed but end up harassing him over his father's death (which was ordered by Nabeed). Already heartbroken by Lekha's rejection and driven into a fit of rage, Tipu murders them both with a spanner.<br /> |LineColor = 58A4A1<br /> }}<br /> {{Episode list<br /> |EpisodeNumber = 2<br /> |Title = Chapter 2: Everything I Do ... I Do It For You<br /> |DirectedBy = Raj &amp; DK<br /> |WrittenBy = [[Suman Kumar]] and Raj &amp; DK<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|08|18|df=yes}}<br /> |ShortSummary = Tipu and his friend Suneel get rid of one body but the other is found by Aatmaram's men. Arjun meets with Yamini, the mysterious caller, who blackmails him over some compromising photographs. After an altercation with middleman Dheeraj, Arjun manages to intercept the photos from reaching Madhu. Ganchi, who has never delivered such a large quantity of opium, meets with Arjun to bribe him, but Arjun remains steadfast. Tipu finds out that Gangaram sabotaged his letter and gets Nannu to write him a new letter. When he gives this new letter to Lekha, she acknowledges his feelings for her, but doesn't want to marry him as he is too simple and not ambitious enough. However, she is impressed that he killed two men with his bare hands, which makes Tipu uncomfortable. Arjun learns that all the large-scale opium farmers of the area work with the two gangs, and only small farmers work with the government. He calls his blackmailer Pratap, a disgraced IAS officer who is in jail due to Arjun's investigation, to set up a meeting. At home, Ganchi falls through a newly-constructed staircase and severely injures himself. Aatmaram and his men corner Tipu and Suneel; Tipu manages to escape but not before Aatmaram kills Suneel in front of his eyes.<br /> |LineColor = 58A4A1<br /> }}<br /> {{Episode list<br /> |EpisodeNumber = 3<br /> |Title = Chapter 3: Kasam Paida Karnewale Ki<br /> |DirectedBy = Raj &amp; DK<br /> |WrittenBy = [[Suman Kumar]] and Raj &amp; DK<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|08|18|df=yes}}<br /> |ShortSummary = Ganchi is in the ICU and in a coma; Ganchi's son Jugnu and his men attempt to keep this news under wraps. However, Aatmaram finds out and reports it to Nabeed. Seizing this opportunity, Nabeed starts raiding the farmers who supply to Ganchi. Tipu, distraught over Suneel's death, decides to leave town as he feels insignificant, but he changes his mind after seeing Aatmaram and realising that he is driven by a need to avenge Suneel. He joins the Ganchi gang and is assigned to protect Ganchi at the ICU. Arjun meets with Pratap, who outlines his plan to destroy Arjun's life and career the same way Arjun destroyed his. Arjun meets with Yamini, who admits she has feelings for him, to try and acquire negatives of the photos, but she refuses as she is loyal to Pratap. Gangaram, Nannu, and Ikhlaq draw an obscene sketch of Jo on a town wall after she constantly embarrasses them in class. Under pressure from Sukanto, Jugnu decides to rob the government farmers to generate additional opium. As news of Ganchi's coma spreads, the gang loses influence in the area. While trying to find out how the news leaked, Jugnu accidentally kills the ICU doctor. His fellow gang members congratulate him on his first murder, but he is disgusted and vomits at the sight of what he has done.<br /> |LineColor = 58A4A1<br /> }}<br /> {{Episode list<br /> |EpisodeNumber = 4<br /> |Title = Chapter 4: Deal Ya No Deal<br /> |DirectedBy = Raj &amp; DK<br /> |WrittenBy = [[Suman Kumar]] and Raj &amp; DK<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|08|18|df=yes}}<br /> |ShortSummary = Jugnu visits his friend Nirmal (implied to be a former lover), still shaken at having committed a murder. Jugnu wants to roll back the days to their time in college but Nirmal is reticent as he is now married. Mishra advises Jugnu to back out of the deal with Sukanto, but Jugnu brushes him off. Mishra then sets up a meeting between Sukanto and Nabeed as he does not believe Jugnu can deliver the opium. Jo, being harassed at school due to Gangaram's sketch, bonds with Nannu, not knowing he too was involved in the sketch. Developing feelings for her, decides to wash off the sketch. Meanwhile, Lekha is impressed by Tipu's newfound power as a Ganchi gang member. Jugnu and his men crash the Sukanto-Nabeel meeting. Sukanto suggests the two gangs work together as neither can deliver the opium individually, but both Jugnu and Nabeed refuse. Sukanto then threatens Jugnu with dire consequences should he fail to deliver the opium by the end of the month. Tipu and Bunty go to Sherpur (the neighbouring town that is Nabeed's base) to look for Aatmaram but instead are chased by Aatmaram's gang; they escape to Gulaabganj by the skin of their teeth. Arjun begins raiding the farms of both Ganchi and Nabeed farmers; unbeknownst to his team, he doesn't log the crops he has seized. Arjun then meets with Sukanto and promises to deliver the entire quantity of opium to him, as he controls the entire opium flow in the area. At the ICU, Tipu witnesses Ganchi wake up from his coma.<br /> |LineColor = 58A4A1<br /> }}<br /> {{Episode list<br /> |EpisodeNumber = 5<br /> |Title = Chapter 5: Do Dil Mil Rahe Hain<br /> |DirectedBy = Raj &amp; DK<br /> |WrittenBy = [[Suman Kumar]] and Raj &amp; DK<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|08|18|df=yes}}<br /> |ShortSummary = Arjun meets with Pratap and agrees to pay him a hefty amount of money to stop his blackmailing. At the ICU, the doctors inform Jugnu that Ganchi is recovering but it will take time for him to be fully cognizant. Jugnu is desperate to complete the deal prior to Ganchi fully waking up in order to prove himself to his father. He meets with Arjun to try and strike a deal with him, but Arjun once again refuses. Arjun's assistant Ramprasad begins to get suspicious of his boss after he finds out that Arjun isn't logging the crops seized in various raids. Despite bonding over an ice cream date with Tipu, Lekha asks him to keep their relationship a secret, which irks Tipu. Nannu and Jo grow closer after Jo realises that Nannu is the one who cleaned up the sketch; however this leads to conflict between Nannu and Gangaram. When Gangaram outs Nannu's involvement in the sketch, Jo refuses to talk to either of them. Jugnu's men begin raiding the government farmers; one of those farmers is Lekha's father who stands to lose his government licence. When Tipu finds out about this, he requests Jugnu to let go a small amount of opium so that Lekha's father can keep his farm, but Jugnu refuses and chides Tipu for mixing work and love. Meanwhile, Nabeed orders Aatmaram to kill Ganchi, leading to an attack on the ICU. In the resulting shootout, Tipu sneaks up on Aatmaram and shoots him through the pants, not injuring the hitman, but scaring him enough that he and his men retreat from the ICU.<br /> |LineColor = 58A4A1<br /> }}<br /> {{Episode list<br /> |EpisodeNumber = 6<br /> |Title = Chapter 6: Pyaar Chutiyapa Hai<br /> |DirectedBy = Raj &amp; DK<br /> |WrittenBy = [[Suman Kumar]] and Raj &amp; DK<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|08|18|df=yes}}<br /> |ShortSummary = Arjun recruits Ramprasad to his cause after explaining his philosophy that stealing from thieves is not a crime. Arjun finalises the date of the opium delivery with Sukanto but he is spotted by Tipu and Bunty. Jugnu finds out that Ganchi was ready to name Nabeed as his heir after failing to conceive a male child (until Jugnu came along); Jugnu wonders why Ganchi would not allow one of his daughters to run the business. Jugnu then meets with Nabeed to try to work together on the opium delivery but Nabeed only insults him. Tipu finds out that Arjun is storing unreported opium from the raids in a government processing factory. He plans to rob the factory to recover a small amount of opium for Lekha's father, but is easily caught. However, Arjun is moved by his story of love and decides to let him go. Arjun meets Yamini to tell her that he does not regret his actions and he will never see her again. Mishra informs Arjun that he knows what game the narcotics officer is playing and threatens him. After finding out that Gangaram is a neglected child of a drunkard single father, Lekha meets with him to encourage him to focus on studying. He apologises for acting out and reconciles with his friends. Aatmaram vows to kill Tipu with his own hands. When Tipu finds out about Jugnu's meeting with Nabeed, he assumes the two gangsters are working together. Upset that his boss would join forces with the man he holds responsible for Suneel's death, he and Bunty resolve to teach Jugnu a lesson.<br /> |LineColor = 58A4A1<br /> }}<br /> {{Episode list<br /> |EpisodeNumber = 7<br /> |Title = Chapter 7+8: Raat Baaki...<br /> |DirectedBy = Raj &amp; DK<br /> |WrittenBy = [[Suman Kumar]] and Raj &amp; DK<br /> |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|08|18|df=yes}}<br /> |ShortSummary = Arjun makes a deal with Mishra to move the opium to a warehouse in exchange for 50% of the profits; separately he asks Tipu to steal the opium from the warehouse and deliver it to Sukanto in the woods, in exchange for clearing Lekha's father's name. Aatmaram, tired of Nabeed's insults, kills him in his house. After leaving, he's hired by middleman Dheeraj (now left out of the Pratap-Arjun deal) to kidnap Jo. Nannu writes a rap song for Jo and begins reciting it to her, but they are both kidnapped by Aatmaram's men. Jugnu finds out about the relocation of the opium and arrives at the warehouse to take control. After a brief shootout, Jugnu kills Mishra but finds that the opium is missing; unknown to him, Nirmal is killed by a stray bullet. Tipu delivers the opium to the designated location but when Sukanto arrives there, he finds nothing. Meanwhile, Aatmaram tells Arjun to deliver the opium to him in order to free his daughter. Arjun steals the opium truck from the woods moments before Sukanto arrives. Enraged over Nirmal's death, Jugnu instigates a shootout with Sukanto's gang; he is the only survivor. Gangaram and Lekha arrive at Aatmaram's hideout to rescue Jo and Nannu but are captured by the hitman's goons. In the resulting chaos, Aatmaram is accidentally run over by Tipu, driving a van, seemingly killing him. Arjun arrives with the opium and rescues the children, killing Dheeraj in the process. Aatmaram revives and attacks Tipu, slicing him three times, but Tipu manages to shoot him with his father's gun before he can make the fourth cut. On the way to the hospital, Tipu seemingly dies in Lekha's arms after giving her the receipt that clears her father's name. Yamini gives Arjun the photo negatives, but implores him to do the right thing for Madhu, not just for his own guilt. He calls Pratap to tell him that their deal is off, and decides to return all the opium to the government. Aatmaram, left for dead, reaches for his knife. Jugnu arrives at the ICU dressed as a woman; after concluding that she can never be the son that her father wants her to be, she takes Ganchi off the ventilator and kills him. She resolves to do things her way going forward.<br /> |LineColor = 58A4A1<br /> }}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Production ==<br /> <br /> === Development ===<br /> The series was officially announced in January 2022 by Netflix media press release.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Netflix Joins Forces With Raj &amp; DK for Comedy-Crime-Thriller 'Guns &amp; Gulaabs' |url=https://about.netflix.com/en/news/netflix-joins-forces-with-raj-and-dk-for-guns-and-gulaabs |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=About Netflix |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The first look poster of lead cast [[Dulquer Salmaan]] and [[Rajkummar Rao]] was revealed in March 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Guns And Gulaabs: Rajkummar Rao, Dulquer Salmaan Share New Posters |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/rajkummar-rao-dulquer-salmaan-share-first-look-from-raj-dk-s-web-series-guns-gulaabs-2835765 |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=NDTV.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 March 2022 |first=Anindita |last=Mukherjee |title=Guns And Gulaabs first look out. Rajkummar Rao, Dulquer Salmaan, Adarsh Gourav take you back to 90s |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/guns-and-gulaabs-first-look-out-rajkummar-rao-dulquer-salmaan-adarsh-gourav-take-you-back-to-90s-1927997-2022-03-22 |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=India Today |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Filming ===<br /> [[Principal photography]] commenced in early January 2022 in [[Dehradun]] and [[Mussoorie]] before the official announcement.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 January 2022 |title=Raj and DK announce Netflix series Guns and Gulaab, call it 'wicked genre mash' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/raj-and-dk-announce-netflix-series-guns-and-gulaab-call-it-wicked-genre-mash-7749427/ |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Makers of the series revealed that it took almost 100 days for the shoot due to the third wave of COVID-19 in India.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Raj and DK wrap up shoot of Netflix series 'Guns Gulaabs' |url=https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/entertainment/2022/04/09/ent6-series-raj-and-dk.html |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=The Week |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The series was officially [[Wrap (filmmaking)|wrapped up]] shooting in April 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Raj and DK wrap up shoot of Netflix series 'Guns Gulaabs' |url=https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/entertainment/2022/04/09/ent6-series-raj-and-dk.html |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=The Week |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 April 2022 |title=Raj and DK wrap up shoot of Netflix series 'Guns &amp; Gulaabs' |url=https://theprint.in/features/raj-and-dk-wrap-up-shoot-of-netflix-series-guns-gulaabs/909526/ |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Marketing ===<br /> [[Teaser (trailer)|Short announcement clip]] of the series was released by ''Netflix India YouTube Channel'' on 31 January 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Guns &amp; Gulaabs {{!}} Official Announcement {{!}} Raj &amp; DK {{!}} Netflix India |url=https://www.youtube.com/shorts/FZzQ3YiRJMM |language=en |access-date=29 August 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Official trailer with a release date was announced on 2 August 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='Guns &amp; Gulaabs' Trailer : Rajkummar Rao and Dulquer Salmaan starrer 'Guns &amp; Gulaabs' Official Trailer {{!}} Entertainment - Times of India Videos |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/web-series/hindi/guns-gulaabs-trailer-rajkummar-rao-and-dulquer-salmaan-starrer-guns-gulaabs-official-trailer/videoshow/102355370.cms |access-date=2 August 2023 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2 August 2023 |title=Guns and Gulaabs trailer: Raj and DK put a retro spin on crime dramas with Rajkummar Rao, Dulquer Salmaan, Adarsh Gourav |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/guns-and-gulaabs-trailer-raj-dk-retro-style-crime-drama-rajkummar-rao-dulquer-salmaan-8873337/ |access-date=2 August 2023 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Release ==<br /> The series was released on Netflix in Hindi and dubbed versions in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=4 August 2022 |title=Raj Nidimoru &amp; Krishna DK form multi-year creative partnership with Netflix; first project would be Guns &amp; Gulaabs |website=Bollywood Hungama |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/raj-nidimoru-first-project-would-be-guns-gulaabs/ |access-date=29 August 2022 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 March 2022 |title=Rajkummar Rao's Netflix series, Guns and Gulaabs directed by Raj and DK, unveils its first look |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/web-series/article/rajkummar-raos-netflix-series-guns-and-gulaabs-directed-by-raj-and-dk-unveils-its-first-look-23219490 |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> Shilajit Mitra of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote that while '90s nostalgia was expected from makers Raj and DK, it can test the patience of their most ardent fans. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Mitra |first=Shilajit |title='Guns &amp; Gulaabs' series review: Raj &amp; DK's new show is charmingly dazed and confused |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/guns-and-gulaabs-series-review-raj-and-dk-new-show-is-charmingly-dazed-and-confused/article67208799.ece |work=[[The Hindu]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> * [[List of Netflix India originals|List of Netflix India Originals]]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * {{IMDb title|17524566}}<br /> * {{Netflix title|81313531}}<br /> <br /> {{Raj &amp; DK}}<br /> <br /> {{Netflix original current series}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Guns and Gulaabs}} <br /> [[Category:Indian crime television series]]<br /> [[Category:Indian thriller television series]]<br /> [[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]<br /> [[Category:Netflix original programming]]<br /> [[Category:Indian television series distributed by Netflix]]<br /> [[Category:2023 Indian television series debuts]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shreya_Dhanwanthary&diff=445339 2026-02-13T14:51:41Z

<p>Jimmy6788: revise</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian actress (born 1988)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Shreya Dhanwanthary<br /> | image = Shreya Dhanwanthary at the Jio MAMI Film Festival 2023 (cropped).jpg<br /> | caption = Dhanwanthary in 2023<br /> | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|29 August 1988|df=yes}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Prime Video&quot;&gt;{{cite AV media |title=The Family Man Casts Answers Slam Book Questions Ft. Sunny Hinduja, Sharib Hashmi |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PN0jImPOMMw&amp;t=70s |publisher=[[Amazon Prime Video]] |date=13 June 2021 |time=1:10}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Roy |first=Priyanka |date=10 February 2021 |title=I will start shutting up, when discovered: Shreya Dhanwanthary |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/i-will-start-shutting-up-when-discovered-shreya-dhanwanthary/cid/1806268 |access-date=16 June 2021 |newspaper=[[The Telegraph (India)]] |quote=which has put the 32-year-old actress firmly in the spotlight.}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | birth_place = [[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India <br /> | occupation = Actress<br /> | years_active = 2009–present<br /> | alma_mater = [[NIT Warangal]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Shreya Dhanwanthary''' (born 29 August 1988) is an Indian actress who appears in [[Hindi cinema|Hindi]] films and television shows. She made debut with [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film [[Josh (2009 Telugu film)|Josh]] in 2009. She had her breakout role in the [[Amazon Prime Video]] thriller series ''[[The Family Man (Indian TV series)|The Family Man]]'' (2019–2021) and gained praise for her portrayal of journalist [[Sucheta Dalal]] in [[Sony LIV]]'s biographical drama series ''[[Scam 1992]]'' (2020).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Seven times Scam 1992 actor Shreya Dhanwanthary impressed us with her personal style |url=https://indianexpress.com/photos/lifestyle-gallery/shreya-dhanwanthary-scam-1992-photos-6924715/ |work=The Indian Express |date=17 November 2020 |access-date=9 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Early life==<br /> Shreya Dhanwanthary was born on 29 August 1988 in [[Hyderabad]] to a [[Telugu people|Telugu]] speaking mother and father.&lt;ref name=&quot;The Hindu&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=27 August 2021 |title=Shreya Dhanwanthary: I would love to do a Telugu film |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/shreya-dhanwanthary-on-the-amazon-prime-video-web-series-mumbai-diaries-2611/article36132556.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210912133416/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/shreya-dhanwanthary-on-the-amazon-prime-video-web-series-mumbai-diaries-2611/article36132556.ece |archive-date=12 September 2021 |work=The Hindu |issn=0971-751X |access-date=12 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sak&quot; /&gt; She moved to [[Dubai]] with her parents when she was two months old.&lt;ref name=&quot;Interview&quot;&gt;{{Citation |title=Mumbai's Middle Eastern Delicacies {{!}} Menu Please Ft. Shreya Dhanwanthary | date=13 February 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXwrfU6fuDM |publisher=Netflix India |via=YouTube |access-date=7 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Brought up in [[Middle East]] and [[Delhi]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Interview&quot;/&gt; Dhanwanthary graduated from [[National Institute of Technology, Warangal|NIT Warangal]] in Electronics and Communication Engineering.&lt;ref name=&quot;sak&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |script-title=te:స్టార్స్‌ చెప్పే దాంట్లో నిజం ఉండదు |url=https://www.sakshi.com/telugu-news/funday/shreya-dhanwanthary-special-interview-sakshi-funday-1313287 |newspaper=[[Sakshi (newspaper)|Sakshi]] |language=te |date=6 September 2020 |access-date=22 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Profile |url=https://wsdc.nitw.ac.in/faculty/profile/viewprofile/16303 |website=wsdc.nitw.ac.in |access-date=17 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> Dhanwanthary participated in [[Femina (India)|Femina]] [[Miss India South|Miss India South 2008]] when she was a third year engineering student.&lt;ref name=&quot;TOI&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/fashion/celeb-style/shreya-dhanwanthary/articleshow/5859444.cms |title=Shreya Dhanwanthary |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=8 January 2012 |access-date=27 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; She was placed as 1st Runner-Up in the event. After that she went on to compete at [[Femina Miss India|Miss India 2008]] as a finalist.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=PFMI South '08 |url=https://photogallery.indiatimes.com/beauty-pageants/miss-india/pfmi-south-08/articleshow/2654188.cms |access-date=27 December 2018 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Soon after Miss India 2008, she was offered a role in the [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film like Josh and ''[[Sneha Geetham]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;TOI&quot; /&gt; She made her Bollywood debut with ''[[Why Cheat India]]'' opposite [[Emraan Hashmi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;TOI2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/shreya-dhanwanthary-to-star-opposite-emraan-hashmi-in-cheat-india/articleshow/65258152.cms |title=Shreya Dhanwanthary to star opposite Emraan Hashmi in 'Cheat India' |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=TNN |date=3 August 2018 |access-date=27 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/shreya-dhanwanthary-i-am-open-to-doing-commercial-movies-that-have-good-stories-2017605.html |title=Shreya Dhanwanthary: I Am Open to Doing Commercial Movies That Have Good Stories |date=29 January 2019 |work=News18 |access-date=13 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; She has also authored a book titled ''Fade To White''.<br /> <br /> In 2019, she played Zoya in the web series ''[[The Family Man (Indian TV series)|The Family Man]]'' of Amazon Prime Video for season 1 and continued the role in Season 2 (June 2021) on [[Amazon Prime]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last1=Keshri |first1=Shweta |title=What to expect from The Family Man Season 2? Plot, release date, cast, all details |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/what-to-expect-from-the-family-man-season-2-plot-release-date-cast-all-details-1756799-2021-01-07 |access-date=24 March 2021 |magazine=India Today |date=7 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2020, she played Sucheta Dalal in the webseries ''[[Scam 1992]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=9 December 2020 |first=Grace |last=Cyril |title=Scam 1992 tops IMDb's Top 10 Indian Web Series of 2020 list with 9.2 rating |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/imdb-announces-top-10-indian-web-series-of-2020-hansal-mehta-s-scam-1992-tops-the-list-1748059-2020-12-09 |access-date=9 December 2020 |work=India Today |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2021, Dhanwanthary is seen playing the role of Mansi in the [[Amazon Prime]] web series [[Mumbai Diaries 26/11]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=9 September 2021 |title=Shreya Dhanwanthary: Mumbai Diaries 26/11 is Told from Viewpoint of Doctors Working That Night |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/shreya-dhanwanthary-mumbai-diaries-2611-is-told-from-viewpoint-of-doctors-working-that-night-4182155.html |access-date=12 September 2021 |website=News18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Daliya |first=Daliya |date=8 September 2021 |title=Konkana Sensharma, Shreya Dhanwanthary on playing frontline workers in Mumbai Diaries 26/11 |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/konkana-sensharma-shreya-dhanwanthary-on-playing-frontline-workers-in-mumbai-diaries-2611-9943241.html |access-date=12 September 2021 |work=Firstpost}}&lt;/ref&gt; Directed by [[Nikkhil Advani]] and produced by [[Emmay Entertainment]], it also features [[Konkona Sen Sharma]], [[Mohit Raina]] and [[Tina Desai]] in the lead roles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=26 November 2020 |title=Mumbai Diaries 26/11 teaser: The story of first responders |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/mumbai-diaries-26-11-teaser-story-of-the-first-responders-7068581/ |access-date=20 January 2021 |work=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Filmography ==<br /> ===Films===<br /> {{Pending films key}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Film<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Role<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Notes<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|Ref.<br /> |-<br /> |2009<br /> |''[[Josh (2009 Telugu film)|Josh]]''<br /> |Bhavna<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Telugu cinema|Telugu]] film<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2010<br /> |''[[Sneha Geetham]]''<br /> |Shailu <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |2012<br /> |''The Girl in Me''<br /> |Tina / Tara<br /> |Short film<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2019<br /> |''[[Why Cheat India]]''<br /> |Nupur Dubey<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=PTI |date=15 January 2019 |title=Shreya Dhanwanthary of Why Cheat India shocked by sexual misconduct allegations against film's director Soumik Sen |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/shreya-dhanwanthary-of-why-cheat-india-shocked-by-sexual-misconduct-allegations-against-film-s-director-soumik-sen/story-legcyP8DZn7DEr8zepiwZO.html |access-date=7 August 2021 |work=Hindustan Times |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2022<br /> |''[[Looop Lapeta]]''<br /> |Julia<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=1 July 2021 |title=Scam 1992 and The Family Man star Shreya Dhanwanthary to play a crucial role in Taapsee Pannu-Tahir Raj Bhasin's Looop Lapeta |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/scam-1992-family-man-star-shreya-dhanwanthary-play-crucial-role-taapsee-pannu-tahir-raj-bhasins-looop-lapeta/ |access-date=1 July 2021 |work=Bollywood Hungama}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |''[[Chup: Revenge of the Artist]]''<br /> |Nila Menon<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=11 October 2021 |title=R Balki's Dulquer Salmaan-Shreya Dhanwanthary starrer gets title, first look out |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/r-balkis-dulqer-salman-shreya-dhanwantary-starrer-gets-title-first-look-out-7563418/ |newspaper=The Indian Express |access-date=29 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |''[[Unpaused: Naya Safar]]''<br /> |Akirti<br /> |TV series<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Anuj |date=26 January 2022 |title='Unpaused: Naya Safar' review: An equal infection |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/unpaused-naya-safar-review-an-equal-infection/article38328849.ece |access-date=1 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2024<br /> |''[[Adbhut]]'' <br /> |Dr. Shruthi Rawat<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 October 2021 |title=Sabbir Khan's Adbhut stars Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Diana Penty, Shreya Dhanwanthary and Rohan Mehra |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/sabbir-khans-adbhut-stars-nawazuddin-siddiqui-diana-penty-shreya-dhanwanthary-rohan-mehra/ |access-date=6 October 2021 |work=Bollywood Hungama}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |''[[The Great Shamsuddin Family]]''<br /> | Iram Ahmed<br /> |[[JioHotstar]] film<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Great Shamsuddin Family: Farida Jalal heads ensemble cast of JioHotstar drama|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/ott/story/the-great-shamsuddin-family-trailer-farida-jalal-sheeba-chadha-kritika-kamra-purab-kohli-jiohotstar-drama-2829854-2025-12-03|access-date=2025-12-07 |website=India Today|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | TBA<br /> | style=&quot;background:#FFFFCC;&quot; | ''Nausikhiye'' {{dagger}}<br /> |<br /> | Filming<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Abhimanyu Dassani, Shreya Dhanwanthary and Amol Parashar are staying in Bhopal for Nausikhiye|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/shreya-dhanwanthary-abhimanyu-dassani-and-amol-parashar-are-staying-in-bhopal-and-not-coming-back-for-another-30-days-exclusive/articleshow/98269718.cms|access-date=27 February 2023|website=Times of India|date=27 February 2023 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Television===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot;| Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot;| Work<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot;| Role<br /> !Network<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Notes<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|Ref.<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot;|2016<br /> |''Ladies Room''<br /> |Radhika Khanna<br /> |[[YouTube]]<br /> |English series<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ladies Room |url=https://www.yashrajfilms.com/movies/ladies-room |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=yashrajfilms.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot;|2018<br /> |''[[Reunion (2018 film)|The Reunion]]''<br /> |Devanshi Tailor<br /> |<br /> |Bengali series <br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Kameshwari |first1=A. |date=21 May 2018 |title=The Reunion actor Anuj Sachdeva: I feel shy when people call me a hunk |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/the-reunion-actor-anuj-sachdeva-5185163/ |work=The Indian Express |access-date=18 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot;|2019–Present<br /> |''[[The Family Man (Indian TV series)|The Family Man]]''||Zoya<br /> |[[Amazon Prime Video]]<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=The Family Man: Krishna DK downplays Lonavala mystery as Priyamani gets trolled, says 'shouldn't get this kind of importance' |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/the-family-man-krishna-dk-downplays-lonavala-mystery-as-priyamani-gets-trolled-says-shouldnt-get-this-kind-of-importance |access-date=1 May 2022 |work=Free Press Journal |date=19 July 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot;|2020<br /> |''[[A Viral Wedding]]''<br /> |[[Nisha Pahuja]]<br /> |[[Eros Now]]<br /> |Also director, writer and producer<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=21 December 2020 |title=2020 has been phenomenal: Shreya Dhanwanthary |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/shreya-dhanwanthary-2020-has-been-phenomenal-7048244/ |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot;|2020<br /> |''[[Scam 1992]]''<br /> |[[Sucheta Dalal]]<br /> |[[SonyLIV]]<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Farzeen |first=Sana |date=8 October 2020 |title=Shreya Dhanwanthary on Scam 1992: Hansal Mehta has outdone himself once again |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/shreya-dhanwanthary-on-scam-1992-and-playing-sucheta-dalal-6715688/ |access-date=7 August 2021 |work=The Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot;|2021<br /> |''[[Mumbai Diaries 26/11]]''<br /> | Mansi Hirani<br /> |[[Amazon Prime Video]]<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2023<br /> |''[[Guns &amp; Gulaabs]]''<br /> |Yamini<br /> |[[Netflix]]<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Shackleton |first=Liz |date=4 August 2022 |title=Netflix Strikes Creative Partnership With Indian Filmmakers Raj &amp; DK |url=https://deadline.com/2022/08/netflix-india-raj-dk-d2r-films-1235084455/ |access-date=30 August 2022 |work=Deadline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Short films ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Year<br /> !Title<br /> !Channel<br /> !Notes<br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> |''Next, Please''<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |title=Shreya Dhanwanthary announces her next - 'Next, Please' |url=https://www.femina.in/beauty-pageants/miss-india/shreya-dhanwanthary-announces-her-next-next-please/articleshow/104759288.cms |magazine=Femina |date=27 October 2023 |access-date=18 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Debutant director Rishav Kapoor on Next, Please starring Jim Sarbh at MAMI 2023; says, &quot;We've really endeavoured to break new ground with this&quot; 2023 |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/debutant-director-rishav-kapoor-next-please-starring-jim-sarbh-mami-2023-says-weve-really-endeavoured-break-new-ground/ |work=Bollywood Hungama |date=28 October 2023 |access-date=18 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Commons category}}<br /> * {{IMDb name}}<br /> * {{BH person}}<br /> * {{Instagram}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Dhanwanthary, Shreya}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:1988 births]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses from Hyderabad, India]]<br /> [[Category:Female models from Hyderabad, India]]<br /> [[Category:Indian film actresses]]<br /> [[Category:Indian television actresses]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Hindi television]]<br /> [[Category:Telugu actresses]]<br /> [[Category:Indian expatriates in the United Arab Emirates]]<br /> [[Category:National Institutes of Technology alumni]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=60th_Filmfare_Awards&diff=462655 2026-02-12T16:16:14Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|2015 awards for Hindi cinema}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2025}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2025}} <br /> {{Infobox film awards<br /> | number = 60<br /> | award = Filmfare Awards<br /> | image = 60th Filmfare Awards 2015.jpg<br /> | caption = 60th Filmfare Awards<br /> | date = 31 January 2015<br /> | site = [[Yash Raj Films|Yash Raj Studio]], Mumbai<br /> | host = [[Karan Johar]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Kapil Sharma (comedian)|Kapil Sharma]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Arjun Kapoor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Alia Bhatt]]<br /> | producer = <br /> | director = <br /> | website = {{URL|http://www.filmfare.com}}<br /> | best_film = ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]''<br /> | best_critic = ''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]''<br /> | most_wins = ''Queen'' (6)<br /> | most_nominations = ''Queen'' (13)<br /> | network = [[Sony Entertainment Television (India)]]<br /> | duration = <br /> | ratings = <br /> | last = 59th<br /> | next = 61st<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''60th [[Filmfare Awards]]''' were held to honour the best [[Bollywood films of 2014|films of 2014]] from the [[Hindi]]-language film industry. The ceremony was hosted by [[Karan Johar]], [[Alia Bhatt]] and [[Kapil Sharma (comedian)|Kapil Sharma]] and took place on 31 January 2015 at the Yash Raj Studio in Mumbai.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Look who are hosting this year's Filmfare Awards!|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-look-who-are-hosting-this-year-s-filmfare-awards-2049542|publisher=DNAIndia|date=4 January 2015|access-date=19 January 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/60th-Britannia-Filmfare-Awards/liveblog/45979909.cms |title=60th Britannia Filmfare Awards Live Update on Times of India |website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203080317/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/60th-Britannia-Filmfare-Awards/liveblog/45979909.cms |archive-date=3 February 2015}} &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'' led the ceremony with 13 nominations, followed by [[Haider (film)|''Haider'']] and [[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|''Highway'']] with 9 nominations each.<br /> <br /> ''Queen'' won 6 awards, including [[Filmfare Award for Best Film|Best Film]], [[Filmfare Award for Best Director|Best Director]] (for [[Vikas Bahl]]) and [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] (for [[Kangana Ranaut]]), thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.<br /> <br /> ''Haider'' was the runner-up of the ceremony with 5 awards, including [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] (for [[Shahid Kapoor]]), [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]] (for [[Kay Kay Menon]]) and [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] (for [[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]]).<br /> <br /> ==Winners and nominees==<br /> The nominations were announced on 19 January 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nominations for the 60th Britannia Filmfare Awards|url=http://www.filmfare.com/news/nominations-for-the-60th-britannia-filmfare-awards-8237.html|publisher=[[Filmfare]]|date=19 January 2015|access-date=19 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160110120443/http://www.filmfare.com/news/nominations-for-the-60th-britannia-filmfare-awards-8237.html|archive-date=10 January 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {{multiple image<br /> | border = infobox<br /> | total_width = 600<br /> | image_style =<br /> | perrow = 6/6<br /> | caption_align = left<br /> | image1 = Vikas Bahl.jpg<br /> | caption1 = [[Vikas Bahl]], Best Director<br /> | image2 = Kangana Ranaut 2013.jpg<br /> | caption2 = [[Kangana Ranaut]], Best Actress<br /> | image3 = Shahid Kapoor promoting Haider.jpg<br /> | caption3 = [[Shahid Kapoor]], Best Actor<br /> | image4 = Rajat Kapoor in 2014.jpg<br /> | caption4 = [[Rajat Kapoor]], Best Director Critics<br /> | image5 = Alia Bhatt at 2 STATES trailer launch.jpg<br /> | caption5 = [[Alia Bhatt]], Best Actress Critics<br /> | image6 = Sanjay Mishra at the trailer launch of Meerutiya Gangsters.jpg<br /> | caption6 = [[Sanjay Mishra (actor)|Sanjay Mishra]], Best Actor Critics<br /> | image7 = Kay Kay Menon at libas store.jpg<br /> | caption7 = [[Kay Kay Menon]], Best Supporting Actor<br /> | image8 = Tabu promoting Andhadhun in 2018.jpg<br /> | caption8 = [[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]], Best Supporting Actress<br /> | image9 = Ankit Tiwari Stardust Awards (cropped).jpg<br /> | caption9 = [[Ankit Tiwari]], Best Male Playback Singer<br /> | image10 = Kanika Kapoor at HT Most Stylish Awards 2016.jpg<br /> | caption10 = [[Kanika Kapoor]], Best Female Playback Singer<br /> | image11 = Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy Raymond.jpg<br /> | caption11 = [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]], Best Music Director<br /> | image12 = Kamini Kaushal in December 2019 (cropped).jpg<br /> | caption12 = [[Kamini Kaushal]], Lifetime Achievement Awardee<br /> }}<br /> <br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82; width:50%;&quot;|[[Filmfare Award for Best Film|Best Film]]<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82; width:50%;&quot;|[[Filmfare Award for Best Director|Best Director]]<br /> |-<br /> | valign=&quot;top&quot; |<br /> *'''''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'' – [[Anurag Kashyap]], [[Vikramaditya Motwane]]'''<br /> **''[[2 States (2014 film)|2 States]]'' – [[Karan Johar]], [[Sajid Nadiadwala]]<br /> **''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]'' – [[Vishal Bharadwaj]], [[Siddharth Roy Kapoor]]<br /> **''[[Mary Kom (film)|Mary Kom]]'' – [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]<br /> **''[[PK (film)|PK]]'' – [[Rajkumar Hirani]], [[Vidhu Vinod Chopra]]<br /> | valign=&quot;top&quot; |<br /> *'''[[Vikas Bahl]] – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'''''<br /> **[[Abhishek Varman]] – ''[[2 States (2014 film)|2 States]]''<br /> **[[Anurag Kashyap]] – ''[[Ugly (film)|Ugly]]''<br /> **[[Rajkumar Hirani]] – ''[[PK (film)|PK]]''<br /> **[[Vishal Bhardwaj]] – ''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]''<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Shahid Kapoor]] – ''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]'' as [[Prince Hamlet|Haider Meer]]'''<br /> **[[Aamir Khan]] – ''[[PK (film)|PK]]'' as PK<br /> **[[Akshay Kumar]] – ''[[Holiday: A Soldier Is Never Off Duty]]'' as Virat Bakshi<br /> **[[Hrithik Roshan]] – ''[[Bang Bang!]]'' as Rajveer / Jai Nanda<br /> **[[Randeep Hooda]] – ''[[Rang Rasiya]]'' as [[Raja Ravi Varma]]<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Kangana Ranaut]] – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'' as Rani Mehra'''<br /> **[[Alia Bhatt]] – ''[[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|Highway]]'' as Veera Tripathi<br /> **[[Madhuri Dixit]] – ''[[Dedh Ishqiya]]'' as Begum Para<br /> **[[Priyanka Chopra]] – ''[[Mary Kom (film)|Mary Kom]]'' as [[Mary Kom]]<br /> **[[Rani Mukerji]] – ''[[Mardaani]]'' as Shivani Shivaji Roy<br /> **[[Sonam Kapoor]] – ''[[Khoobsurat (2014 film)|Khoobsurat]]'' as Dr. Mrinalini &quot;Milli&quot; Chakravarty<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Kay Kay Menon]] – ''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]'' as [[King Claudius|Khurram Meer]]'''<br /> **[[Abhishek Bachchan]] – ''[[Happy New Year (2014 film)|Happy New Year]]'' as Nandu Bhide / Vicky Grover<br /> **[[Riteish Deshmukh]] – ''[[Ek Villain]]'' as Rakesh Mahadkar<br /> **[[Ronit Roy]] – ''[[2 States (2014 film)|2 States]]'' as Vikram Malhotra<br /> **[[Tahir Raj Bhasin]] – ''[[Mardaani]]'' as Walt / Karan Rastogi<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]] – ''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]'' as [[Gertrude (Hamlet)|Ghazala]] Meer'''<br /> **[[Amrita Singh]] – ''[[2 States (2014 film)|2 States]]'' as Kavita Malhotra<br /> **[[Dimple Kapadia]] – ''[[Finding Fanny]]'' as Rosalina &quot;Rosie&quot; Eucharistica<br /> **[[Juhi Chawla]] – ''[[Gulaab Gang]]'' as Sumitra Devi<br /> **[[Lisa Haydon]] – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'' as Vijayalakshmi<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut|Best Male Debut]]<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut|Best Female Debut]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Fawad Khan]] – ''[[Khoobsurat (2014 film)|Khoobsurat]]'' as Vikram Singh'''<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Kriti Sanon]] – ''[[Heropanti]]'' as Dimple (Dimpy)'''<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director|Best Music Director]]<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyricist]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]] – ''[[2 States (2014 film)|2 States]]'''''<br /> **[[Amit Trivedi]] – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]''<br /> **[[Anupam Amod]], Arko Pravo Mukherjee, [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]], [[Mithoon]], [[Pritam]] – ''[[Yaariyan (2014 film)|Yaariyan]]''<br /> **[[Himesh Reshammiya]], [[Meet Bros Anjjan]], [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]] – ''[[Kick (2014 film)|Kick]]''<br /> **Mithoon, [[Ankit Tiwari]], SOCH – ''[[Ek Villain]]''<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Rashmi Virag|Rashmi Singh]] – &quot;[[Muskurane]]&quot; – ''[[CityLights (2014 film)|CityLights]]'''''<br /> **[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]] – &quot;Zehnaseeb&quot; – ''[[Hasee Toh Phasee]]''<br /> **[[Gulzar]] – &quot;Bismil&quot; – ''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]''<br /> **[[Irshad Kamil]] – &quot;Patakha Guddi&quot; – ''[[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|Highway]]''<br /> **[[Kausar Munir]] – &quot;[[Suno Na Sangemarmar]]&quot; – ''[[Youngistaan]]''<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Best Playback Singer – Male]]<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#EEDD82;&quot;| [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Playback Singer – Female]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Ankit Tiwari]] – &quot;[[Galliyan]]&quot; – ''[[Ek Villain]]'''''<br /> **[[Arijit Singh]] – &quot;[[Mast Magan]]&quot; – ''[[2 States (2014 film)|2 States]]''<br /> **Arijit Singh – &quot;Suno Na Sangemarmar&quot; – ''[[Youngistaan]]''<br /> **[[Benny Dayal]] – &quot;Locha-E-Ulfat&quot; – ''[[2 States (2014 film)|2 States]]''<br /> **[[Shekhar Ravjiani]] – &quot;Zehnaseeb&quot; – ''[[Hasee Toh Phasee]]''<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Kanika Kapoor]] – &quot;[[Baby Doll (Kanika Kapoor song)|Baby Doll]]&quot; – ''[[Ragini MMS 2]]'''''<br /> **[[Rekha Bhardwaj]] – &quot;Hamari Atariya Pe&quot; – ''[[Dedh Ishqiya]]''<br /> **Jyoti Nooran, Sultana Nooran – &quot;Patakha Guddi&quot; – ''[[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|Highway]]''<br /> **[[Shreya Ghoshal]] – &quot;[[Manwa Laage]]&quot; – ''[[Happy New Year (2014 film)|Happy New Year]]''<br /> **[[Sona Mohapatra]] – &quot;Naina&quot; – ''[[Khoobsurat (2014 film)|Khoobsurat]]''<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Critics' awards ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> !colspan=2|[[Filmfare Critics Award for Best Movie|Best Movie (Best Director)]]<br /> |-<br /> |colspan=2|<br /> *'''''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]'' – [[Rajat Kapoor]]'''<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:50%;&quot; | [[Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]<br /> ! style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:50%;&quot; | [[Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Sanjay Mishra (actor)|Sanjay Mishra]] – ''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]'''''<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Alia Bhatt]] – ''[[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|Highway]]'''''<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Technical awards ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:50%;&quot; | [[Filmfare Award for Best Story|Best Story]]<br /> ! style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:50%;&quot; | [[Filmfare Award for Best Screenplay|Best Screenplay]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Rajat Kapoor]] – ''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]'''''<br /> **[[Anurag Kashyap]] – ''[[Ugly (film)|Ugly]]''<br /> **[[Imtiaz Ali (director)|Imtiaz Ali]] – ''[[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|Highway]]''<br /> **Nitin Kakkar – ''[[Filmistaan]]''<br /> **[[Rajkumar Hirani]] and [[Abhijat Joshi]] – ''[[PK (film)|PK]]''<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Rajkumar Hirani]] and [[Abhijat Joshi]] – ''[[PK (film)|PK]]'''''<br /> **[[Anurag Kashyap]], [[Akhilesh Jaiswal]] and Rohit Pandey – ''[[Ugly (film)|Ugly]]''<br /> **Gopi Puthran, S Hussain Zaidi and Vibha Singh – ''[[Mardaani]]''<br /> **[[Rajat Kapoor]] – ''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]''<br /> **[[Vikas Bahl]], Chaitally Parmar and Parveez Sheikh – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]''<br /> |-<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Dialogue|Best Dialogue]]<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Editing|Best Editing]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Abhijat Joshi]] and [[Rajkumar Hirani]] – ''[[PK (film)|PK]]'''''<br /> **[[Anurag Kashyap]], Purva Naresh, Harshvardhan Kulkarni and [[Vinil Mathew]] – ''[[Hasee Toh Phasee]]''<br /> **Anvita Dutt and [[Kangana Ranaut]] – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]''<br /> **[[Nitesh Tiwari]], [[Piyush Gupta]], Nikhil Mehrotra and Shreyas Jain – ''[[Bhoothnath Returns]]''<br /> **[[Vishal Bhardwaj]] – ''[[Dedh Ishqiya]]''<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Abhijit Kokate]] and [[Anurag Kashyap]] – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'''''<br /> **[[Aarti Bajaj]] – ''[[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|Highway]]''<br /> **Aarti Bajaj – ''[[Ugly (film)|Ugly]]''<br /> **[[Rajkumar Hirani]] – ''[[PK (film)|PK]]''<br /> **Sanjib Datta – ''[[Mardaani]]''<br /> |-<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Choreography|Best Choreography]]<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Cinematographer|Best Cinematography]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Ahmed Khan (choreographer)|Ahmed Khan]] for ''Jumme Ki Raat'' – ''[[Kick (2014 film)|Kick]]'''''<br /> **[[Bosco-Caesar]] for ''Hungama Ho Gaya'' – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]''<br /> **Bosco-Caesar for ''Tu Meri'' – ''[[Bang Bang!]]''<br /> **Bosco-Caesar for ''Tune Maari Entriyaan'' – ''[[Gunday]]''<br /> **[[Ganesh Acharya]] for ''Whistle Baja'' – ''[[Heropanti]]''<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Bobby Singh (cinematographer)|Bobby Singh]] and Siddharth Diwan – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'''''<br /> **[[Anil Mehta]] – ''[[Finding Fanny]]''<br /> **Anil Mehta – ''[[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|Highway]]''<br /> **[[Artur Zurawski]] – ''[[Mardaani]]''<br /> **[[K. U. Mohanan]] – ''[[Miss Lovely]]''<br /> |-<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Art Direction|Best Production Design]]<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Sound Design|Best Sound Design]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''Subrata Chakraborty and Amit Ray – ''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]'''''<br /> **[[Ashim Ahluwalia]], Tabasheer Zutsi and Parichit Paralkar – ''[[Miss Lovely]]''<br /> **Manisha Khandelwal – ''[[Finding Fanny]]''<br /> **Meenal Agarwal – ''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]''<br /> **Subrata Chakraborty and Amit Ray – ''[[Dedh Ishqiya]]''<br /> |<br /> *'''Anilkumar Konakandlaand Prabal Pradhan – ''[[Mardaani]]'''''<br /> **Mandar Kulkarni – ''[[Ugly (film)|Ugly]]''<br /> **[[Resul Pookutty]] and [[Amrit Pritam]] – ''[[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|Highway]]''<br /> ** Sanjay Maurya and Allwyn Rego -''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]''<br /> **[[Shajith Koyeri]] – ''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]''<br /> |-<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Costume Design|Best Costume Design]]<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Background Score|Best Background Score]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Dolly Ahluwalia]] – ''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]'''''<br /> **[[Anaita Shroff Adajania]] – ''[[Finding Fanny]]''<br /> **Payal Saluja – ''[[Dedh Ishqiya]]''<br /> **Rushi Sharma and Manoshi Nath – ''[[PK (film)|PK]]''<br /> **Rushi Sharma and Manoshi Nath – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]''<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Amit Trivedi]] – ''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'''''<br /> **[[A. R. Rahman]] – ''[[Highway (soundtrack)|Highway]]''<br /> **Julius Packiam – ''[[Mardaani]]''<br /> **Mathias Duplessey – ''[[Finding Fanny]]''<br /> **Rohit Kulkarni – ''[[Mary Kom (film)|Mary Kom]]''<br /> |-<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]]<br /> ![[Filmfare Award for Best Action|Best Action]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> ''Not Awarded''<br /> |<br /> *'''Sham Kaushal – ''[[Gunday]]'''''<br /> **[[Anal Arasu]] – ''[[Heropanti]]''<br /> **Anal Arasu – ''[[Kick (2014 film)|Kick]]''<br /> **Manoher Verma – ''[[Mardaani]]''<br /> **Parvez Shaikh – ''[[Bang Bang!]]''<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Special awards ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !colspan=2| [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award|Lifetime Achievement Award]]<br /> |-<br /> |colspan=2|<br /> *'''[[Kamini Kaushal]]'''<br /> |-<br /> !colspan=2| [[Filmfare Award for Best Debut Director|Best Debut Director]]<br /> |-<br /> |colspan=2|<br /> *'''[[Abhishek Varman]] – ''[[2 States (2014 film)|2 States]]'''''<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Multiple nominations ===<br /> *''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'' – 13<br /> * [[Haider (film)|''Haider'']], [[Highway (2014 Hindi film)|''Highway'']] – 9<br /> * [[2 States (2014 film)|''2 States'']], ''[[Mardaani]]'', [[PK (film)|''PK'']] – 8<br /> * ''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]'', ''[[Dedh Ishqiya]]'', ''[[Finding Fanny]]'', [[Ugly (film)|''Ugly'']] – 5<br /> * ''[[Bang Bang!]]'', ''[[Ek Villain]]'', ''[[Hasee Toh Phasee]]'', ''[[Heropanti]]'', [[Khoobsurat (2014 film)|''Khoobsurat'']], [[Kick (2014 film)|''Kick'']], [[Mary Kom (film)|''Mary Kom'']] – 3<br /> * ''[[Gunday]]'', [[Happy New Year (2014 film)|''Happy New Year'']], ''[[Miss Lovely]]'', ''[[Youngistaan]]'' – 2<br /> <br /> === Multiple awards ===<br /> *''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]'' – 6<br /> * [[Haider (film)|''Haider'']] – 5<br /> * ''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]'' – 3<br /> * [[PK (film)|''PK'']] – 2<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000245/2015/1/?ref_=ev_eh 60th Filmfare Awards] on [[IMDb]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Filmfare Awards}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2015 Indian film awards]]<br /> [[Category:Filmfare Awards by year]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Memari&diff=517396 2026-02-03T19:49:10Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Creating some data added tags</p> <hr /> <div>{{About|the municipality in West Bengal, India|its namesake community development block|Memari I |another namesake community development block|Memari II|its namesake assembly constituency|Memari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}<br /> &lt;!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details --&gt;{{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Memari<br /> | other_name = <br /> | nickname = <br /> | settlement_type = Town<br /> | image_skyline = Memari railway station 01.jpg<br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_caption = [[Memari railway station]]<br /> | pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India3<br /> | pushpin_label_position = right<br /> | pushpin_map_alt = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|23.2|N|88.12|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]<br /> | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br /> | subdivision_name2 = [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]]<br /> | established_title = &lt;!-- Established --&gt;<br /> | established_date = <br /> | founder = <br /> | named_for = <br /> | government_type = [[Municipal Corporations in India|Municipality]]<br /> | governing_body = Memari Municipality<br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | area_footnotes = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Memari Info|url=http://bardhaman.nic.in/blocks/memari_m.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | area_rank = <br /> | area_total_km2 = 14.68<br /> | elevation_footnotes = <br /> | elevation_m = 25<br /> | population_total = 41,451<br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_rank = <br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym = <br /> | population_footnotes = <br /> | demographics_type1 = Languages<br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | demographics1_info1 = <br /> [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language|English]]<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]<br /> | postal_code = 713146<br /> | registration_plate = <br /> | blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency<br /> | blank1_info_sec1 = [[Bardhaman Purba (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bardhaman Purba]]<br /> | blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency<br /> | blank2_info_sec1 = [[Memari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Memari]]<br /> | website = {{URL|purbabardhaman.gov.in/}}<br /> | footnotes =<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Memari''' is a town and a municipality in [[Purba Bardhaman district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].<br /> <br /> ==Geography==<br /> {{OSM Location map<br /> | width=360| height=250| zoom=10<br /> | coord={{coord|23|6|20|N|87|55|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Cities and towns in the Bardhaman Sadar South subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district'''&lt;br/&gt;M: municipal city/ town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical/ religious centre.&lt;br/&gt;Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly<br /> |mark-coord1= {{coord|23|8|36|N|88|9|2|E}}| label-pos1=left|label1=Alipur| numbered1= CT| mark-title1= [[Alipur, Purba Bardhaman]] (CT)|label-color1= #A40000 |label-size1=13| mark-size1=13|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1=#800000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2<br /> |mark-coord2= {{coord|23|11|4|N|88|6|12|E}} | label-pos2=top|label2= Memari | numbered2=M| mark-title2= Memari (M)|shape-color2=black| label-size2=13|label-color2=black &lt;!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors --&gt;<br /> |mark-coord3={{coord|23|6|56|N|87|48|18|E}} | label-pos3=left|label3=Seharabazar | numbered3=CT| mark-title3= [[Seharabazar]] (CT)|shape-color3=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord4={{coord|23|3|45|N|87|59|31|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4=Jamalpur| numbered4=R| mark-title4= [[Jamalpur, Bardhaman]] (R)| shape-color4=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord5={{coord|23|4|43|N|87|53|22|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5=Raina| numbered5=R| mark-title5= [[Raina, Bardhaman]] (R)| shape-color5=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord6={{coord|23|1|9|N|87|52|33|E}} | label-pos6=left|label6=Madhabdihi| numbered6=R| mark-title6= [[Madhabdihi]] (R)| shape-color6=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord7={{coord|23|12|56|N|87|41|23|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7=Khandaghosh| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Khandaghosh]] (R)| shape-color7=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord8={{coord|23|14|35|N|88|5|57|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8=Paharhati| numbered8=R| mark-title8= [[Paharhati]] (R)| shape-color8=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord9={{coord|23|6|16|N|87|51|59|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9=Shyamsundar| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Shyamsundar]] (R)| shape-color9=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord10={{coord|23|9|10|N|87|48|58|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10=Sagrai| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Sagrai]] (R)| shape-color10=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord11={{coord|23|10|14|N|87|43|18|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11=Ukhrid| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Ukhrid]] (R)| shape-color11=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord12={{coord|22|58|46|N|87|55|33|E}} | label-pos12=left|label12=Gotan| numbered12=R| mark-title12= [[Gotan]] (R)| shape-color12=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord13={{coord|23|4|34|N|87|54|22|E}} | label-pos13=right|label13=Maheshbati| numbered13=R| mark-title13= [[Maheshbati]] (R)| shape-color13=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord14={{coord|23|8|18|N|88|2|26|E}} | label-pos14=left|label14=Masagram| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[Masagram]] (R)| shape-color14=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord15={{coord|23|11|6|N|88|1|47|E}} | label-pos15=left|label15=Rasulpur| numbered15=R| mark-title15= [[Rasulpur, Bardhaman]] (R)| shape-color15=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord16={{coord|23|9|13|N|88|2|38|E}} | label-pos16=left|label16=Sat Deul| numbered16=H| mark-title16= [[Sat Deul]] (H)| shape-color16=#AA6666<br /> |mark-coord17={{coord|23.0486|87.6836}}| label17=Dwarakeswar River| label-color17 = #77A1CB| label-angle17=50| label-pos17=right| label-size17=10| mark-size17=0| mark-title17 =none<br /> |mark-coord18={{coord|23.1967|87.8661}}| label18=Damodar River| label-color18 = #77A1CB| label-angle18=20| label-pos18=top| label-size18=10| mark-size18=0| mark-title18 =none}}<br /> <br /> ===Location===<br /> Memari is located at {{Coord|23.2|N|88.12|E|}}. It has an average elevation of 25&amp;nbsp;metres (82&amp;nbsp;feet).<br /> <br /> ===Urbanisation===<br /> 95.54% of the population of Bardhaman Sadar South subdivision live in the rural areas. Only 4.46% of the population live in the urban areas, and that is the lowest proportion of urban population amongst the four subdivisions in Purba Bardhaman district.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Bardhaman | work = Table 2.2 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 25 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.<br /> <br /> ===Police station===<br /> Memari police station has jurisdiction over Memari municipal area, and [[Memari I]] and [[Memari II]] CD blocks. The area covered is 429.36&amp;nbsp;km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;ref name=handbook2014&gt;{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Bardhaman | work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 23 September 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://purbabardhamanpolice.org/ps | title = Purba Bardhaman District Police | work = Police Station | publisher = West Bengal Police | access-date = 23 September 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180927234333/http://purbabardhamanpolice.org/ps | archive-date = 27 September 2018 | url-status = usurped }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Demographics==<br /> As per the [[2011 Census of India]] Memari had a total population of 41,451, of which 20,957 (51%) were males and 20,494 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 3,809.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census - Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 10 March 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {{As of|2001}} India [[census]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&amp;state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&amp;state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; Memari had a population of 36,191. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Memari has an average literacy rate of 69%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 75%, and female literacy is 63%. In Memari, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.<br /> <br /> ==Education==<br /> *[[Memari College]] was established at Memari in 1981.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://memaricollege.org/ |title = Memari College | publisher= MC | access-date = 29 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *[[Memari Government Polytechnic]] was established at Memari in 2017.<br /> <br /> Memari has thirteen primary, and six higher secondary schools. Memari Vidyasagar memorial Institution (unit-1) &amp; (unit-2) are the higher secondary schools, established in 1892. Memari Rasiklal Smriti Balika Vidyalaya school for girls. Memari al-amin Mission, Memari High Madrassa, Memari Jamiya Islamiya are the three major high schools.&lt;ref&gt;Memari Rasiklal Smriti Balika Vidyalaya school for girls. Memari al-amin Mission, Memari High Madrassa, Memari Jamiya Islamiya are the three major muslim high schools. [http://bardhaman.gov.in/education/schudir.asp 7th All-India School Education Survey 2003] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927042635/http://bardhaman.gov.in/education/schudir.asp |date=2007-09-27 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Transport==<br /> <br /> * [[Memari railway station]] is situated on the [[Howrah–Bardhaman main line|Howrah-Bardhaman main line]] about {{convert|82|km}} from [[Howrah Station]] and {{convert|25|km}} from [[Bardhaman]] station.&lt;ref&gt;Eastern Railway local time table&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[State Highway 13 (West Bengal)|SH 13]]/ [[Grand Trunk Road|GT Road]], [[State Highway 15 (West Bengal)|SH 15]] passes through Memari.&lt;ref name=&quot;pwd&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url = http://www.pwdwb.in/road/state_highway |title = Road - Highway | publisher= Public Works Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 24 February 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Google maps&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Many Express, Local buses are available from Memari. Buses bound for [[Asansol]], [[Bardhaman]], [[Hugli-Chuchura|Chuchura]], [[Durgapur]], [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]], [[Katwa]], [[Nabadwip]], [[Tarakeswar]], [[Salar, Murshidabad|Salar]] are available.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bardhaman.gov.in/blocks/blocks.htm District map showing blocks]<br /> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090617061729/http://www.bardhaman.com/bigmap.htm Map of Bardhaman district]<br /> <br /> {{Purba Bardhaman District}}<br /> {{Municipalities of West Bengal}}<br /> {{Purba Bardhaman topics}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Cities and towns in Purba Bardhaman district]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=S._M._Subbaiah_Naidu&diff=468609 2026-01-29T03:23:00Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian composer, conductor, and orchestrator}}<br /> {{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = S. M. Subbaiah Naidu<br /> | image = <br /> | imagesize = <br /> | alt = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_name = Subburayulu Munuswami Subbaiah Naidu&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.thamizhstudio.com/Koodu/thodargal_4_56.php |title=&quot;சங்கீத அய்யா&quot; எஸ்.எம். சுப்பையா நாயுடு - 5 |last=மணியன் |first=பி.ஜி.எஸ். |website=Thamizhstudio |language=ta |access-date=2019-05-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1914|03|15}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Kadayanallur]]. [[Tinnevely District (Madras Presidency)|Tinnevely district]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]] (now in [[Tenkasi district]],&lt;br/&gt;[[Tamil Nadu]], India)<br /> | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1979|05|26|1914|03|15}}<br /> | death_place = <br /> | othername = SMS&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://archives.thinakaran.lk/2014/08/26/default.asp?fn=f1408265&amp;p=1 |title=எஸ்.எம்.சுப்பையா ±என்னும் எஸ்.எம்.எஸ்.,நாயுடு |date=August 26, 2014 |work=[[Thinakaran]] |access-date=2019-05-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | occupation = music composer<br /> | yearsactive = 1942–1978<br /> | relatives = <br /> | domesticpartner = <br /> | website = <br /> }}<br /> {{Indian name|Subbaiah Naidu|Subburayulu Munuswami}}'''Subburayulu Munuswami Subbaiah Naidu''' (a.k.a. '''SMS''') (15 March 1914&amp;nbsp;– 26 May 1979) was an Indian composer, conductor, and orchestrator. He was one of the oldest music directors. He worked as an in-house music composer for [[Central Studios]] and [[Pakshiraja Studios]] and well associated with [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]]. SMS also worked with many films under [[Jupiter Pictures]] banner and a favorite of [[M. G. Ramachandran]].<br /> <br /> ==Early life==<br /> He was born on 15 March 1914 into a [[Balija]] family in [[Kadayanallur]] (now a [[Municipality]] in [[Tenkasi district]], [[Tamil Nadu]]). Having had an unhappy childhood, he ran away from home with dreams of finding his fortune in [[Singapore]], but ended up working in drama troupes such as those of Jagannatha Aiyer and Nawab Rajamanickam Pillai. Finding himself drawn more to music than acting, SMS learned music from masters such as Rajagopala Iyengar and Subramaniya Bagavathar. When the company's play ''Baktha Ramadas'' was made into a movie, SMS worked on the music for the movie as well.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://newdhool.blogspot.com/search/label/S.M.%20Subbiah%20Naidu | title= மலர்ந்தும் மலராதவை # 20 | author=Saravanan Natarajan | work=Dhool | date=3 February 2018 | access-date=30 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Career life==<br /> He is fondly known as &quot;Sangeethayya&quot; in the south Indian film industries. He somehow had never changed his trend of composing much from the beginning days. He is well versed in the Indian music but never showed interest in Western tunes and music.<br /> <br /> SMS worked jointly with other composers on a few movies in the early 1940s. He then composed music for the first movie in which MGR played the hero [[Rajakumaari]] in 1947. All through the 1950s, SMS continued to compose memorable songs in the movies that came his way. Films such as [[Ezhai Padum Padu]] (1950), [[Kanchana (1952 film)|Kanchana]] (1952) and [[Malaikkallan]] (1954) helped him to consolidate his place among the front-ranking composers of the decade. There were also [[Thirumanam]], [[Maragadham]], [[Nadodi Mannan]] and the magnificent classic [[Konjum Salangai]].<br /> <br /> While he was composing music for [[Rajakumaari]] at Central Studious, SMS made the acquaintance of the hero MGR. This laid the basis for a lifelong friendship between the two, which was further strengthened during the making of [[Marmayogi (1951 film)|Marma Yogi]] and [[Malaikkallan]]. When MGR turned producer and director with [[Nadodi Mannan]], he invited SMS to compose the songs, along with N.S. Balakrishnan who had composed 2 songs. Later, when the fortunes of SMS were on the decline in the 1960s, MGR secured for his friend a few opportunities such as [[Thaayin Madiyil]], [[Aasai Mugam]] and [[Thalaivan (1970 film)|Thalaivan]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://newdhool.blogspot.com/search/label/S.M.%20Subbiah%20Naidu | title= மலர்ந்தும் மலராதவை # 20 | author=Saravanan Natarajan | work=Dhool | date=3 February 2018 | access-date=30 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> As the 1960s progressed, SMS engaged in a few projects towards the end of the 1960s such as [[Naam Moovar]], [[Raja Veetu Pillai]], [[Uyir Mel Aasai]], [[Sabash Thambi]], [[Panakkara Pillai]], Naalum Therindhavan, [[Chakkaram]] and [[Mannippu]].<br /> <br /> In the 1970s, opportunities were few and far between Snegithi, Vairakiyam, [[Therottam]] and [[Thanga Gopuram]].<br /> <br /> His contribution is invaluable. Not only he is a composer, but also very good conductor, orchestrator, and what not. He is considered as [[O. P. Nayyar]] of South India. His tunes were very catchy and his songs instant hits. He has made [[J. P. Chandrababu]] a great singer in the song ''Kunguma Poove Konjum Puraave''. He would leave no stone unturned to bring the best of his singers. Till date, the best of [[S. Janaki]] is ''Singaara Velane Deva'' which was composed by him. He innovated the concept of voice with [[Nadaswaram]].<br /> <br /> He worked with singers like [[C. S. Jayaraman]], [[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantalasa]], [[A. M. Rajah]], [[Thiruchi Loganathan]], [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]], V. N. Sundharam, T. A. Mothi, [[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[S. C. Krishnan]], [[A. L. Raghavan]], [[M. L. Vasanthakumari]], [[P. A. Periyanayaki]], [[P. Leela]], [[Jikki]], [[P. Susheela]], [[T. V. Rathnam]], K. V. Janaki, [[A. P. Komala]], [[K. Jamuna Rani]], [[Radha Jayalakshmi]], [[Soolamangalam Sisters|Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi]], S. Janaki and [[L. R. Eswari]].<br /> <br /> The singing actors [[P. U. Chinnappa]], [[Honnappa Bhagavathar|C. Honnappa Bhagavathar]], [[N. C. Vasanthakokilam]], [[U. R. Jeevarathinam]], [[T. R. Rajakumari]], [[K. R. Ramasamy (actor)|K. R. Ramasamy]], [[V. Nagayya]], [[N. S. Krishnan]], [[T. A. Madhuram]], [[P. Bhanumathi]], [[S. Varalakshmi]] and [[J. P. Chandrababu]] also sang memorable songs under his compositions.<br /> <br /> ==Trivia==<br /> *In 1947, SMS was the first music composer in [[Tamil film industry]] who had introduced playback singing for ''[[Rajakumari (1947 film)|Rajakumari]]''. [[Thiruchi Loganathan]] sang &quot;Kasinimel Nangal&quot;, a playback song for [[M. N. Nambiar]]. It is notable that it is [[MGR]]'s first movie as a hero.<br /> *In 1948 under SMS's composition, [[Kannadasan]] wrote his first song &quot;Kalangathiru Manamey Un Kanavellan Nanavagum Oru Dinamey&quot; for ''Kanniyin Kathali'' sung by [[K. V. Janaki]]. The film was released in 1949.<br /> * His all-purpose assistant, [[M. S. Viswanathan]] at Jupiter Pictures later became the musician of Tamil films. As his assistant, [[M. S. Viswanathan]] practised composing tunes when SMS was not around.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2004/04/16/stories/2004041601730600.htm |title=The Hindu : Musical sojourn with MSV |website=www.hindu.com |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040830022906/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2004/04/16/stories/2004041601730600.htm |archive-date=30 August 2004 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; When [[MGR]] was the [[Chief Minister]] of Tamil Nadu, [[M. S. Viswanathan]] had organised a programme to honour his &quot;master&quot; SMS. SMS was a very close friend of [[MGR]].<br /> *He featured in a role as a doctor in [[Malaikkallan]] that won the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil]].<br /> * He had composed a few songs for [[Thirudadhe]] and was working on setting the tune for a duet when producer AL. Srinivasan made him listen to a song ''En Aruge Nee Irundhaal'' sung by P. B. Sreenivas &amp; P. Susheela. The song had been composed by [[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]] for an earlier project and had remained unused. AL. Srinivasan suggested that the song be included in the movie. Seeing that it was by his protégé [[M. S. Viswanathan]], SMS readily agreed, and thus the song featured with the credit once again going to SMS.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://newdhool.blogspot.com/search/label/S.M.%20Subbiah%20Naidu | title= மலர்ந்தும் மலராதவை # 20 | author=Saravanan Natarajan | work=Dhool | date=3 February 2018 | access-date=30 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * M. S. Viswanathan and Kannadasan, who have acknowledged many a time the crucial role played by SMS in shaping their career, organized a grand function to celebrate the 60th birthday of the master composer. In the function graced by MGR and Sivaji Ganesan, a cash award was presented to SMS as a token of his contribution to Tamil cinema.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://newdhool.blogspot.com/search/label/S.M.%20Subbiah%20Naidu | title= மலர்ந்தும் மலராதவை # 20 | author=Saravanan Natarajan | work=Dhool | date=3 February 2018 | access-date=30 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * M. S. Viswanathan brought the childless SMS and his wife to his house and attended to their every need with solicitude until each of their end.<br /> <br /> ==Works==<br /> Some compositions of S. M. Subbaiah Naidu, include<br /> * ''Thirudaathe Paappaa'' from [[Thirudadhe]] by [[T. M. Soundararajan]]<br /> * ''Yauvanamae Aahaa Yauvanamae'' by [[M. L. Vasanthakumari]] from [[Ezhai Padum Padu]]<br /> * ''O Kiliye Aasai Kiliye'' by [[P. A. Periyanayaki]] from [[Ezhai Padum Padu]]<br /> * ''Ethanai Kaalanthaan'' from [[Malaikkallan]] by [[T. M. Soundararajan]]<br /> * ''Thoongaathe Thambi'' from [[Nadodi Mannan]] by [[T. M. Soundararajan]]<br /> * ''Singaara Velane Deva'' from [[Konjum Salangai]] by [[S. Janaki]]<br /> * ''Nee Engey En Ninaivugalangey'' from Mannippu by [[T. M. Soundararajan]]<br /> * ''Kuyilosayai Vellum'' form Mannippu by [[P. Suseela]] &amp; [[A. P. Komala]]<br /> * ''Maalai Mayangukindra Neram'' from [[Maragadham]] by [[Radha Jayalakshmi]]<br /> * ''Kannukkulle Unnai Paaru'' from [[Maragadham]] by [[T. M. Soundararajan]] &amp; [[Radha Jayalakshmi]]<br /> * ''Annaiyai Pol Oru Dheivamillai'' from [[Annaiyin Aanai]] by [[T. M. Soundararajan]]<br /> * ''Kanavin Maya Logathile'' from [[Annaiyin Aanai]] by [[T. M. Soundararajan]] &amp; [[P. Suseela]]<br /> * ''Ethanai Selvangal Vandhaalume'' from [[Thaayin Madiyil]] by [[T. M. Soundararajan]]<br /> * ''Sabash Thambi Un kolgaiyai Potrukiren'' from Sabash Thambi by [[T. M. Soundararajan]]<br /> * ''Kannil Vanthu Minnal Pol'' from [[Nadodi Mannan]] by [[T. M. Soundararajan]] &amp; [[Jikki]]<br /> * ''Ina Mina Dika'' from [[Athisaya Penn]] by [[P. Suseela]]<br /> * ''Neeya Illai Naana'' from [[Aasai Mugam]] by [[T. M. Soundararajan]] &amp; [[P. Suseela]]<br /> <br /> ==Filmography==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year !! Film !! Language !! Director !! Banner !! Co-Music Directors<br /> |-<br /> | 1946 || ''[[Sri Murugan]]'' || Tamil || M. Somasundaram || [[Jupiter Pictures]] || [[S. V. Venkatraman]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1947 || ''Kundalakesi'' || Tamil || Bomman D. Irani || K. S. S. Pictures || [[G. Ramanathan]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1947 || ''[[Rajakumari (1947 film)|Rajakumari]]'' || Tamil || [[A. S. A. Sami]] || [[Jupiter Pictures]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1947 || ''[[Kanjan]]'' || Tamil || Kovai C. Aiyamuthu &amp; T. R. Gopu || [[Jupiter Pictures]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1948 || ''[[Abhimanyu (1948 film)|Abhimanyu]]'' || Tamil || M. Somasundaram &amp; A. Kasilingam || [[Jupiter Pictures]] || [[C. R. Subburaman]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1948 || ''[[Mohini (1948 film)|Mohini]]'' || Tamil || Lanka Sathiyam || [[Jupiter Pictures]] || [[C. R. Subburaman]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1949 || ''[[Velaikaari]]'' || Tamil || [[A. S. A. Sami]] || [[Jupiter Pictures]] || [[C. R. Subburaman]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1949 || ''[[Kanniyin Kaadhali]]'' || Tamil || [[K. Ramnoth]] || [[Jupiter Pictures]] || [[C. R. Subburaman]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1950 || ''[[Krishna Vijayam]]'' || Tamil || M. Somasundaram || [[Jupiter Pictures]] || [[C. S. Jayaraman]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1950 || ''[[Digambara Samiyar]]'' || Tamil || [[T. R. Sundaram]] || [[Modern Theatres]] || [[G. Ramanathan]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1950 || ''[[Ezhai Padum Padu]]'' || Tamil || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1950 || ''[[Ezhai Padum Padu|Beedala Paatlu]]'' || [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] || G. Aswathama<br /> |-<br /> | 1951 || ''[[Marmayogi (1951 film)|Marma Yogi]]'' || Tamil || [[K. Ramnoth]] || [[Jupiter Pictures]] || [[C. R. Subburaman]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1951 || ''[[Rakthabandham]]'' || [[Malayalam]] || M. R. Vittal || || S. N. Ranganathan<br /> |-<br /> | 1952 || ''[[Kanchana (1952 film)|Kanchana]]'' || Tamil || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1952 || ''[[Kanchana (1952 film)|Kanchana]]'' || Telugu || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1952 || ''[[Kanchana (1952 film)|Kanchana]]'' || Malayalam || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1953|| ''[[Ponni (1953 film)|Ponni]]'' || Tamil || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1953|| ''[[Ponni (1953 film)|Oka Thalli Pillalu]]'' || Telugu || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1954 || ''[[Malaikkallan]]'' || Tamil || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1954 || ''[[Aggi Ramudu]]'' || Telugu || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1956 || ''[[Vaazhvile Oru Naal]]'' || Tamil || A. Kasilingam || Mercury Films || [[C. N. Pandurangan]] &amp; [[T. G. Lingappa]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1957 || ''[[Bettada Kalla]]'' || [[Kannada]] || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1957 || ''Surasena'' || [[Sinhala language|Sinhala]] || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1957 || ''[[Thaskaraveeran (1957 film)|Taskaraveeran]]'' || Malayalam || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] || [[C. Ramchandra]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1958 || ''[[Aalai Kandu Mayangathe]]'' || Tamil || || ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1958 || ''[[Annaiyin Aanai]]'' || Tamil || [[Chitrapu Narayana Rao|Ch. Narayana Murthy]] || Paragon Pictures ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1958 || ''[[Nadodi Mannan]]'' || Tamil || [[M. G. Ramachandran]] || Emgeeyar Pictures || [[N. S. Balakrishnan]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1958 || ''[[Thirumanam]]'' || Tamil || [[A. Bhim Singh]] || Valampuri Pictures Limited || [[T. G. Lingappa]]<br /> |-<br /> | 1959 || ''[[Athisaya Penn]]'' || Tamil || [[M. V. Raman]] || Raman Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1959 || ''[[Maragadham]]'' || Tamil || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1959 || ''[[Nalla Theerpu]]'' || Tamil || [[T. Prakash Rao]] || Sri Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1960 || ''[[Thirumanam|Manasichina Maguva]]'' || Telugu || [[A. Bhim Singh]] || Valampuri Pictures Limited || <br /> |-<br /> | 1960 || ''[[Vimala (film)|Vimala]]'' || Tamil || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1961 || ''[[Annaiyin Aanai|Thalli Ichina Agnya]]''|| Telugu || [[Chitrapu Narayana Rao|Ch. Narayana Murthy]] || Paragon Pictures ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1961 || ''[[Thirudadhe]]'' || Tamil || [[P. Neelakantan]] || A.L.S. Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1961 || ''Sabarimala Ayyappan'' || Malayalam || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1961 || ''Sabarimala Ayyappan'' || Tamil || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1962 || ''[[Konjum Salangai]]'' || Tamil || M. V. Raman || Raman Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1962 || ''[[Muripinche Muvvalu]]'' || Telugu || M. V. Raman || Raman Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1963 || ''[[Aayiram Kalathu Payir]]'' || Tamil || [[T. S. Durairaj]] || T.S.D. Pictures ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1963 || ''[[Kalyaniyin Kanavan]]'' || Tamil || [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] || [[Pakshiraja Studios]] ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1963 || ''Thalli Koduku'' || Telugu || [[T. Prakash Rao]] || Shree Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1964 || ''[[Thaayin Madiyil]]'' || Tamil || [[Adurthi Subba Rao]] || Annai Films ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1965 || ''[[Aasai Mugam]]'' || Tamil || [[P. Pullaiah]] || Mohan Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1966 || ''[[Naam Moovar]]'' || Tamil || C. P. Jambulingham || Balan Pictures ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1967 || ''Pandhayam'' || Tamil || A. Kasilingam || M. K. Movies ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1967 || ''[[Naam Moovar|Mugguru Mithrulu]]'' || Telugu || C. P. Jambulingham || Balan Pictures || Baburao<br /> |-<br /> | 1967 || ''[[Raja Veetu Pillai]]'' || Tamil || Dada Mirasi || Mohan Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1967 || ''[[Sabash Thambi]]'' || Tamil || C. P. Jambulingham || Balan Pictures ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1967 || ''[[Sundaramurthi Nayanar (1967 film)|Sundaramurthi Nayanar]]'' || Tamil || K. Somu || Kandhasami Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1967 || ''[[Uyir Mel Aasai]]'' || Tamil || C. P. Jambulingham || Ayappan Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1968 || ''[[Chakkaram]]'' || Tamil || A. Kasilingam || Annai Films ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1968 || ''[[Aasai Mugam|Debbaku Debba]]'' || Telugu || [[P. Pullaiah]] || Mohan Productions || <br /> |-<br /> | 1968 || ''[[Muthu Chippi]]'' || Tamil || [[M. Krishnan Nair (director)|M. Krishnan]] || Mohan Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1968 || ''[[Naalum Therindhavan]]'' || Tamil || C. P. Jambulingham || Sri Balajee Combines ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1968 || ''[[Panakkara Pillai]]'' || Tamil || C. P. Jambulingham || Annai Films ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1968 || ''[[Raja Veetu Pillai|Poolapilla]]'' || Telugu || Dada Mirasi || Mohan Productions || Rajaram<br /> |-<br /> | 1969 || ''[[Aindhu Laksham]]'' || Tamil || G. Ramakrishnan || Sudha Movies ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1969 || ''[[Mannippu]]'' || Tamil || [[M. Krishnan Nair (director)|M. Krishnan]] || Mohan Productions ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1969 || ''[[Pennai Vazha Vidungal]]'' || Tamil || R. Devarajan || Vijaya Chithra Films ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1970 || ''[[Thalaivan (1970 film)|Thalaivan]]'' || Tamil || [[P. A. Thomas]] &amp; Singhu Muthu || Thomas Pictures ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1970 || ''[[Snegithi]]'' || Tamil || G. Ramakrishnan || Sudha Movies || <br /> |-<br /> | 1970 || ''[[Vairakiyam]]'' || Tamil || A. Kasilingam || Annai Films ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1971 || ''[[Sabash Thambi|Gudachari 003]]'' || Telugu || C. P. Jambulingham || Balan Pictures || Pamarthi<br /> |-<br /> | 1971 || ''Ilangeswaran'' || Tamil || V. T. Arasu || Shasti Films ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1971 || ''[[Thanga Gopuram]]'' || Tamil || M. S. Solaimalai || Mohan Pictures ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1971 || ''[[Therottam]]'' || Tamil || V. T. Arasu || Shasti Films ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1972 || ''[[Bathilukku Bathil]]'' || Tamil || C. P. Jambulingham || Balan Combines ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1972 || ''[[Jakkamma (film)|Jakkamma]]'' || Tamil || [[M. Karnan]] || Vijaya Chitra Films ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1974 || ''[[Jakkamma (film)|Monagallu Mosagallu]]'' || Telugu || [[M. Karnan]] || Vijaya Chitra Films ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1975 || ''Hotel Sorgam'' || Tamil || G. Ramakrishnan || Sudha Movies || <br /> |-<br /> | 1976 || ''[[Kula Gouravam]]'' || Tamil || [[Peketi Sivaram]] || Balan Movies ||<br /> |-<br /> | 1978 || ''Kaviraja Kalamegam'' || Tamil || G. R. Nathan || T.N.R. Productions ||<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *{{cite news|title=Musical sojourn with MSV|url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2004/04/16/stories/2004041601730600.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040830022906/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2004/04/16/stories/2004041601730600.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 August 2004|date=16 April 2004|work=[[The Hindu]]|author=Randor Guy|author-link=Randor Guy}}<br /> * [http://kammasworld.blogspot.sg/2011/01/s.html Kammas World: S M Subbaiah Naidu: First Kamma Music Director]<br /> *[http://mymovieminutes.blogspot.sg/2014/01/myriad-music-composers-of-last-century.html Myriad Music Composers of the Last Century in My Movie Minutes]<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Naidu, S. M. Subbaiah}}<br /> [[Category:1914 births]]<br /> [[Category:1979 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil musicians]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian musicians]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil film score composers]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yeh_Hai_Aashiqui&diff=446452 2026-01-22T18:13:21Z

<p>Jimmy6788: minor changes</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian television series}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2014}}<br /> {{Infobox television<br /> | name =<br /> | image = Yeh Hai Aashiqui.png<br /> | caption = Promotional picture of ''Yeh Hai Aashiqui''<br /> | genre = [[Romance film|Romance]]<br /> | story = [[Vikas Gupta]]<br /> | starring = [[#Cast|See below]]<br /> | runtime = 42 minutes<br /> | num_seasons = 4<br /> | num_episodes = 153<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Hindi<br /> | network = [[Bindass]]<br /> | executive_producer = [[Vikas Gupta (producer)|Vikas Gupta]]&lt;ref name=producer&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.india.com/showbiz/bigg-boss-11-contestant-vikas-gupta-take-a-look-at-the-lesser-known-facts-about-kaisi-yeh-yaariyan-fame-actor-and-producer-2508697/ |title=Bigg Boss 11 contestant Vikas Gupta: All you wanted to Know About the Kaisi Yeh Yaariyan Actor and Producer |date=1 October 2017 |access-date=26 October 2017 |archive-date=27 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027074630/http://www.india.com/showbiz/bigg-boss-11-contestant-vikas-gupta-take-a-look-at-the-lesser-known-facts-about-kaisi-yeh-yaariyan-fame-actor-and-producer-2508697/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | company = Lost Boy Productions&lt;ref name=producer/&gt; &lt;br/&gt; Red Dot Tellyworks &lt;br/&gt; BBC Studios &lt;br/&gt; Bodhi Tree<br /> | director = <br /> | open_theme = <br /> | first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|2013|08|25}}<br /> | last_aired = {{End date|df=y|2016|08|07}} <br /> }}<br /> '''''Yeh Hai Aashiqui''''' ({{Translation|This is love}}) is an Indian [[Hindi]]-language television romance [[anthology series]] that premiered on 25 August 2013 on [[Bindass]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Vibha-Anand-plays-a-prostitute-in-Yeh-Hai-Aashqui/articleshow/21894182.cms |title=Vibha Anand plays a prostitute in Yeh Hai Aashqui – Times of India |publisher=[[Times of India]] |date=13 August 2013 |access-date=25 July 2016 |archive-date=15 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180215042000/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Vibha-Anand-plays-a-prostitute-in-Yeh-Hai-Aashqui/articleshow/21894182.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; It presents dramatisations of the real life love stories created by [[Vikas Gupta (producer)|Vikas Gupta]].&lt;ref name=producer/&gt; The show went off air on 7 August 2016 with 4 seasons and 153 episodes.<br /> <br /> The title track of the series is written by Abhiruchi Chand and composed by Abhishek Arora. The fourth season's title track is sung by [[Mohit Chauhan]] and [[Neeti Mohan]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3JM-V46V5M |title=Yeh Hai Aashiqui Season 4 – Mohit Chauhan, Neeti Mohan – New Music Video |publisher=Youtube.com |date=30 January 2016 |access-date=25 July 2016 |archive-date=19 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219204355/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3JM-V46V5M&amp;gl=US&amp;hl=en |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Overview ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Season<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Name<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | No. of&lt;br/&gt;episodes<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Originally aired<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Hosts<br /> |-<br /> ! [[Season premiere]]<br /> ! [[Season finale]]<br /> |-<br /> | '''1'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=bindass.com Yeh Hai Aashiqui Season 1 |url=http://www.bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/1 |publisher=Bindass.com |access-date=24 July 2016 |archive-date=27 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160627022950/http://www.bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/1 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Yeh Hai Aashiqui &lt;br&gt; (Love Heroes)<br /> | 94<br /> | 25 August 2013<br /> | 22 March 2015<br /> | [[Vikrant Massey]] (Episodes 1–13)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Vikrant Massey to host 'Yeh Hai Aashiqui'|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-08-08/tv/41200304_1_vikrant-massey-new-tv-show-gumrah|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812215620/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-08-08/tv/41200304_1_vikrant-massey-new-tv-show-gumrah|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 August 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|publisher=[[The Times Group]]|date=8 August 2013|access-date=24 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Rithvik Dhanjani]] (Episodes 14–94)<br /> |-<br /> | '''2'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=bindass.com Yeh Hai Aashiqui Season 2 |url=http://www.bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/2 |publisher=Bindass.com |access-date=24 July 2016 |archive-date=1 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701111648/http://www.bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/2 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | Yeh Hai Aashiqui &lt;br&gt; (Siyappa Ishq Ka)<br /> | 20<br /> | June 2015<br /> | September 2015<br /> | [[Rithvik Dhanjani]]<br /> |-<br /> | '''3'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=bindass.com Yeh Hai Aashiqui Season 3 |url=http://www.bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/3 |publisher=Bindass.com |access-date=24 July 2016 |archive-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223215902/http://www.bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/3 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Yeh Hai Aashiqui &lt;br&gt; (Sun Yaar Try Maar)<br /> | 13<br /> | October 2015<br /> | December 2015<br /> | Rapper Maddy<br /> |-<br /> | '''4'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=bindass.com Yeh Hai Aashiqui Season 4 |url=http://www.bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/4 |publisher=Bindass.com |access-date=24 July 2016 |archive-date=28 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428041542/http://bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/4 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |Yeh Hai Aashiqui <br /> | 26<br /> | January 2016<br /> | August 2016<br /> | [[Mrinal Dutt]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Premise==<br /> ''Yeh Hai Aashiqui'' is a romantic anthology series of unconventional stories about love and relationships that are considered taboo by the society as they go against the traditional mindset. The series follows stories that are inspired by real life.<br /> <br /> ==Episodes==<br /> === Season 1 - Love Heroes ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Episode no. !! Name !! On air Date<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || ''Tasveer''|| 25 August 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || ''Tip Tip Barsa Pyaar'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 3 || ''Deadline'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 4 || ''Bhai Jaan'' || 15 September 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 5 || ''On The Run Music Video''<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 6 || ''Aankhon Dekhi'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 7 || ''Lights, Camera, Heartbreak'' || 6 October 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 8 || ''Family Matters'' || 13 October 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 9 || ''Shaadi Ya Pyaar''|| 20 October 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 10 || ''Pyaar Ka Blueprint'' || 27 October 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 11 || ''Love All'' || 28 October 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 12 || ''Saat Phere Aur Ek Gunshot'' || 1 November 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 13 || ''Flowers For Annie''|| <br /> |-<br /> | 14 || ''Pati, Patni Aur No'' || 8 November 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 15 || ''Hostage Situation'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 16 || ''Cha Cha Chaahat - Part 1'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 17 || ''Cha Cha Chaahat - Part 2'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 18 || ''Beauty And The Gangster'' || 24 November 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 19 || ''Ganga Maili''<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 20 || ''Partheo Aur Miniet'' || 11 August 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 21 || ''Love Calling'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 22 || ''Baby Love'' || 22 December 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 23 || ''Home Coming'' || 29 December 2013<br /> |-<br /> | 24 || ''Dance Dreams'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 25 || ''PariWAR'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 26 || ''Teacher's Pet'' || 14 January 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 27 || ''Border Ke Uss Taraf'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 28 || ''Mera Kidnapper, Mera Saviour'' || 2 February 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 29 || ''Beauty Inside Out''<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 30 || ''Sense Of Umar'' || 16 February 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 31 || ''Professional Hazards'' || 23 February 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 32 || ''Same Difference'' || 1 March 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 33 || ''Objection ! I Love Him !''|| <br /> |-<br /> | 34 || ''Love Happens'' || 16 March 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 35 || ''Bar Bar Dekho'' || 23 March 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 36 || ''Like Papa, Like Beti'' || 30 March 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 37 || ''This Or That?'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 38 || ''Meri Maa'' || 13 April 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 39 || ''Soul For Sale'' || 20 April 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 40 || ''Only Words'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 41 || ''In Between Two Women'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 42 || ''Pyaar Over Pizza'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 43 || ''Suicide Mission'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 44 || ''The Item Girl'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 45 || ''Pyaaritics''<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 46 || ''Dance Into My Heart'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 47 || ''My Dil Goes Left Right Left'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 48 || ''Agla Station Pyaar'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 49 || ''Sab Paani Mein''<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 50 || ''My Dil Goes Left Right Left'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 51 || ''Pyaar Ka Expose'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 52 || ''Love, Camera, Dhoka'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 53 || ''Ek Coffee Do Chammach Pyaar''|| <br /> |-<br /> | 54 || ''Didi Se Dhoka'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 55 || ''Khud Ko Kya Samajhta Hai'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 56 || ''Dil Ki Awaaz'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 57 || ''Yes Boss'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 58 || ''The Mili Express'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 59 || ''Long Distance Woes''<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 60 || ''The Money Factor'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 61 || ''Auto Se Radio'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 62 || ''The Other Mummy'' || 29 August 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 63 || ''Bad Luck Bikers'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 64 || ''Amritsar via LA'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 65 || ''Love Story'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 66 || ''Bad Company'' || 12 September 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 67 || ''Memory Mishap'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 68 || ''Silsila Salsa Ka'' ||<br /> |-<br /> | 69 || ''Beauty Inside Out''|| <br /> |-<br /> | 70 || ''North And South'' || 28 September 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 71 || ''Rock On, Pyaar Off'' || 12 October 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 72 || ''I'm A Phool For You'' || 19 October 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 73 || ''The End of the Line''|| <br /> |-<br /> | 74 || ''Andekhi Pyaar'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 75 || ''Drug Deal'' || 9 November 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 76 || ''Bodyguard Boyfriend'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 77 || ''Horror Scope!'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 78 || ''All In the Family'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 79 || ''Jealous Guy'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 80 || ''Cursed '' || <br /> |-<br /> | 81 || ''Basketball Sweethearts'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 82 || ''Online Hero'' || 28 December 2014<br /> |-<br /> | 83 || ''FM Station'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 84 || ''Flying Without Wings'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 85 || ''The Driving Force''<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 86 || ''Ex Husband, Present Cupid'' || 25 January 2015<br /> |-<br /> | 87 || ''Band, Baaja, Scandal'' || 1 February 2015<br /> |-<br /> | 88 || ''Kyunki Friction Se Hi Spark Aati Hai '' || <br /> |-<br /> | 89 || ''Standing Tall'' || 15 February 2015<br /> |-<br /> | 90 || ''Obsessed'' || 22 February 2015<br /> |-<br /> | 91 || ''I Love You Idiot'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 92 || ''Hamesha Tumhara Amay'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 93 || ''I Love You Ruksaar''||<br /> |-<br /> | 94 || ''Onscreen/Offscreen''|| 15 March 2015<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Season 2 - Siyappa Ishq Ka ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Episode no. !! Name !! Air Date<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || ''Weekend Boyfriend'' || 20 June 2015<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || ''Super Duper Love'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 3 || ''Reel Life To Real Life'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 4 || ''Best Friends Forever'' || 14 July 2015<br /> |-<br /> | 5 || ''The Odd Girl'' || 18 July 2015<br /> |-<br /> | 6 || ''Misunderstanding'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 7 || ''Chance Pe Dance'' || 31 July 2015<br /> |-<br /> | 8 || ''Lost In Love'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 9 || ''Kidnapping'' ||<br /> |-<br /> | 10 || ''Revenge Love'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 11 || ''Angela'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 12 || ''Rock Band'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 13 || ''Boxer Girl''|| <br /> |-<br /> | 14 || ''Shop Lifter'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 15 || ''Fake Marriage'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 16 || ''The List'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 17 || ''Never Been Kissed'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 18 || ''The Guest'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 19 || ''Shandaar'' ||<br /> |-<br /> | 20 || ''Start Up'' || September 2015<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Season 3 - Sun Yaar Try Maar ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Episode no. !! Name !! Air Date<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || ''Rakhi Brother'' || October 2015<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || ''Ferrywala Love'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 3 || ''As Seen On TV'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 4 || ''Dentist &amp; Patient'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 5 || ''Courtroom Romance'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 6 || ''Hostelwaali'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 7 || ''Shaadi'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 8 || ''Funeral'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 9 || ''Football'' ||<br /> |-<br /> | 10 || ''Jhoot Bungla'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 11 || ''Ms. Kasauli'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 12 || ''Bhaangover'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 13 || ''Pyaar Mein 2nd'' || 17 February 2016<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Season 4 ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Episode no. !! Name !! Air Date<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || ''Pammi Ki Shaadi'' || 21 March 2016<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || ''Kidnapped'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 3 || ''Pass Ya Fail'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 4 || ''Hindu Muslim'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 5 || ''Escort'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 6 || ''Gangster'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 7 || ''Bartender'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 8 || ''Hostel'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 9 || ''Driver's Son'' ||<br /> |-<br /> | 10 || ''Secret Marriage'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 11 || ''Blind Romance'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 12 || ''Bikers'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 13 || ''Shall We Dance'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 14 || ''Bodyguard'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 15 || ''Trafficking'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 16 || ''Khap'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 17 || ''Saving Zara'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 18 || ''Vote For Love'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 19 || ''Office Romance'' ||<br /> |-<br /> | 20 || ''Girl In The Photograph'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 21 || ''HIV'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 22 || ''Ex Convict'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 23 || ''Forget Me Not'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 24 || ''Trippin On Love'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 25 || ''Heartly Yours'' || <br /> |-<br /> | 26 || ''Goon With A Golden Heart'' || <br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> === Season 1 ===<br /> <br /> * '''Episode 1: Tasveer'''&lt;br&gt; [[Anita Hassanandani]] as Priyanka, [[Yuvraj Thakur]] as Tushar,&quot; &lt;br&gt; [[Charlie Chauhan]] as Suhina, [[Vineet Raina]] as Manoj, &lt;br&gt; [[Kishwer Merchant]] and [[Suyyash Rai]] in Guest Appearance<br /> * '''Episode 2: Tip Tip Barsa Pyaar'''<br /> [[Veebha Anand]] as Sapna and [[Gaurav Bajaj]] as Vinay<br /> <br /> * '''Episode 3: Deadline'''<br /> [[Abigail Jain]] as Komal and [[Vishal Singh (TV actor born 1985)|Vishal Singh]] as Anmol<br /> <br /> * '''Episode 4: Bhai Jaan'''<br /> [[Adaa Khan]] as Shubhalaxmi Iyer and Lavin Gothi as Bhaskar<br /> <br /> * '''Episode 6: Aankhon Dekhi'''<br /> [[Soumya Seth]] as Sara Hussain<br /> <br /> * '''Episode 7: Lights, Camera, Heartbreak'''<br /> [[Rithvik Dhanjani]] as Kabir and [[Mihika Verma]] as Fiza<br /> <br /> * '''Episode 8: Family Matters'''<br /> [[Vinay Rohrra]] as Ankur and [[Priyal Gor]] as Mukti<br /> <br /> * '''Episode 9: Shadi Ya Pyaar'''<br /> [[Shakti Arora]] as Mayank and [[Anupriya Kapoor]] as Suman<br /> <br /> * '''Episode 10: Pyaar Ka Blueprint'''<br /> [[Jugal Hansraj]] and [[Jayashree Venketaramanan]]<br /> <br /> * [[Sehban Azim]] as Neel and [[Pooja Gor]] as Pakhi (Episode 14)<br /> * Nabeel Ahmed as Vibhu and Manoj (2 episodes)<br /> * [[Mayank Gandhi]] as Ranveer and Neha Sargam as Shruti (episode 15)<br /> * [[Barkha Bisht]] as Urmi and [[Shravan Reddy]] as Arjun (episode 26)<br /> * [[Amrita Prakash]] as Tabasum and Shahab Khan as Imraan (episode 27)<br /> * [[Mohit Malhotra]] as Mac and [[Dimple Jhangiani]] as Manasvi (episode 34)<br /> * [[Kunal Bhatia]] as Karan Thakkar (episode 45)<br /> * [[Aditya Redij]] as Aditya and [[Nazea Hasan Sayed]] as Shruti (episode 35)<br /> * [[Neelam Sivia]] as Naina (episode 55)<br /> * [[Chhavi Pandey]] as Dhristi and Nakul Sahdev as Armaan (episode 74)<br /> * [[Rohit Khandelwal]] as Veer (episode 76)<br /> * Shrishti Ganguly Rindani as Udita and [[Rohan Mehra (born 1990)|Rohan Mehra]] as Amar (episode 77)<br /> * as Ashish and as Keli (episode 79)<br /> * [[Smriti Khanna]] as Reeva and [[Suyyash Rai]] as Tapan (episode 88)<br /> * [[Shantanu Maheshwari]] as Shaan and [[Vrushika Mehta]] as Rukhsaar (episode 93)<br /> * [[Rithvik Dhanjani]] as Rithvik and [[Asha Negi]] as Asha (episode 94)<br /> * [[Raj Singh Arora]] as Aditya<br /> * [[Karan Jotwani]] as Ashish<br /> * [[Priya Bathija]] as Manini<br /> * [[Vivek Dahiya (actor)|Vivek Dahiya]] as Devesh<br /> * [[Ali Merchant]] as Rudra<br /> * [[Himmanshoo A. Malhotra]] as Mayur and [[Shivshakti Sachdev]] as Bhoomi<br /> * [[Mudit Nayar]] as Ved<br /> * [[Ayaz Ahmed]] as Kanishk and [[Nikita Sharma]] as Pragya<br /> * [[Sumeet Sachdev]] as Aseem Sen<br /> * [[Ravish Desai]] as Arjit and [[Riya Bamniyal]] as Ahana<br /> * [[Sana Saeed]] as Nandini and [[Ravi Dubey]] as Rishi<br /> * Tanya Abrol as Santosh, [[Meiyang Chang]] as Jigme Amitayushya Mishra as Sachin<br /> * [[Priya Chauhan]] as Priya<br /> * [[Shaleen Bhanot]] as Rakshit (episode 50)<br /> * Vrinda Dawda as Sneha and [[Neil Bhatt]] as Pratyush<br /> * [[Gaurav S Bajaj]] as Rishi and [[Ridhi Dogra|Riddhi Dogra]] as Mili.<br /> * [[Anurag Sharma (actor)|Anurag Sharma]] as Prateek<br /> * [[Shivya Pathania]]<br /> * [[Soumya Seth]] as Sara Hussain and [[Karan Sharma (TV actor)|Karan Sharma]]<br /> * [[Fenil Umrigar]] as Rachael and [[Shraman Jain]] as Ayush<br /> * [[Niti Taylor]] as Trisha and [[Rohan Shah]] as Rishi<br /> * [[Rohan Shah]] as Mohit<br /> * [[Veebha Anand]] as Sapna<br /> * [[Ruslaan Mumtaz]] as Kabir Khan (episode 70)<br /> * [[Sumona Chakravarti]] as Tejaswini<br /> * [[Aishwarya Sakhuja]] and [[Sangram Singh]]<br /> * [[Mohit Abrol]] as Ahaan<br /> * [[Annie Gill]] as Ayesha <br /> * Ravjeet Singh<br /> * [[Mansi Srivastava]]<br /> * [[Siddhant Karnick]] as Karan and [[Meher Vij]]<br /> * [[Kunal Jaisingh]] as Prince Jeet Singh and [[Namita Dubey]] as Radhika <br /> * [[Shilpa Saklani]] as Aditi and [[Karanvir Bohra]] as Rohan<br /> * [[Mrinalini Tyagi]] and [[Kanwar Dhillon]]<br /> * [[Additi Gupta]] as Ganga and Milli<br /> * [[Ankit Gera]]<br /> * [[Manoj Chandila]]<br /> * [[Abigail Jain]]<br /> * [[Arjun Bijlani]] as Varun<br /> * [[Rucha Gujarathi]]<br /> * [[Barkha Sengupta]]<br /> *[[Neha Sargam]]<br /> <br /> === Season 2 ===<br /> * Nakul Sahadev as Reyansh aka Rio &amp; Roshmita Rahaman as Sneha (Episode 2: Super Duper Love).<br /> * Shrishti Rindani as Pankhuri, Ayush Mehra as Aditya &amp; Mahira Sharma as Shweta (Episode 4: Best Friends Forever).<br /> *[[Teeshay Shah]] as Avi &amp; [[Sheetal Singh]] as Ananya (Episode 6: Misunderstanding).<br /> * [[Annie Gill]] as Krish &amp; Jitendra Nokewal as Nick (Episode: Weekend Boyfriend )<br /> * Zaan Khan as Shrey &amp; [[Jayashree Venketaramanan]] as Naina (Episode 17: Never Been Kissed).<br /> * [[Abigail Jain]] as Jasmine &amp; Abhishek Kapur as Dilawar aka D.K. (Episode 20: Start-up).<br /> <br /> === Season 3 ===<br /> *Shehzad Shaikh as Mukul and [[Sana Sayyad]] as Avanti (Episode 10: Bhangover).<br /> *[[Darsheel Safary]] as Abhay and [[Rhea Sharma]] as Chandini (Episode 11: Pyaar me 2nd).<br /> *''Aashika Bhatia''<br /> <br /> === Season 4 ===<br /> * Shehzad Shaikh as Ankush and [[Namita Dubey]] as Pammi (Episode 1: Pammi Ki Shaadi).<br /> * [[Krishna Mukherjee]] as Sanjana and Reyaansh Chadha as Kunal (Episode 2: Kidnapped).<br /> * [[Chandni Bhagwanani]] as Gulnazz and Nakul Sahadev as Sahil (Episode 3: Pass Ya Fail).<br /> * [[Karan Jotwani]] as Abhiram and [[Kaashish Vohra]] as Ayesha (Episode 4: Hindu Muslim).<br /> * [[Urfi Javed]] as Alia and [[Aakarshan Singh]] as Akash (Episode 5: Escort)<br /> * [[Aashim Gulati]] as Ayush and [[Sanaya Pithawalla]] as Anokhi (Episode 6: Gangster).<br /> * [[Krissann Barretto]] as Alisha &amp; Ronit Kapil as Zaheer (Episode 7: Bartender).<br /> * [[Mansi Srivastava]] as Ambika and Karan Sharma as Ranjeet (Episode 8: Hostel).<br /> *[[Vaishali Takkar]] as Vrinda &amp; (Episode 9: Driver's Son).<br /> * [[Aneri Vajani]] as Riddhi and [[Mishkat Varma]] as Josy (Episode 10: Secret Marriage).<br /> *[[Vikas Manaktala]] as Neil and [[Manasi Rachh]] as Aarohi (Episode 11: Blind Romance).<br /> * [[Sehban Azim]] as Nikhil aka Nick and [[Akasa Singh]] as Piya (Episode 12: Bikers).<br /> * [[Charlie Chauhan]] as Inara and [[Kunwar Amar]] as Ayaan (Episode 13: Shall We Dance).<br /> * [[Shivangi Joshi]] as Meera and Ravjeet Singh as Angad (Episode 14: Bodyguard).<br /> * [[Ankit Gera]] as Atish and Pooja Sharma as Shivi (Episode 15: Trafficking).<br /> * [[Shaleen Malhotra]] as Arjun and [[Nisha Nagpal]] as Mahi (Episode 16: Khap).<br /> * [[Shivya Pathania]] as Zara and Adhish Khanna as Nakul (Episode 17: Saving Zara).<br /> * [[Mrinal Dutt]] as Yuraj and [[Monica Sehgal]] as Kavya (Episode 18: Vote For Love).<br /> * Zaan Khan as Vicky and [[Priyamvada Kant]] as Sheena (Episode 19: Office Romance).<br /> * Rishi Dev as Ranvir and Shanice Shrestha as Sonakshi (Episode 20: Girl In The Photograph).<br /> * Parv Kalia as Jai and Nida Chakraborty as Pallavi (Episode 21: HIV).<br /> * [[Rhea Sharma]] as Shubhi and Kinshuk Vaidya as Ambar (Episode 22: Ex-Convict).<br /> * Rahul Verma Rajput as Avi and [[Ishita Ganguly]] as Navya (Episode 23: Forget Me Not).<br /> * [[Fahad Ali]] as Ashwin &amp; [[Annie Gill]] as Maya (Episode 24: Trippin In Love).<br /> *Ayush Mehra as Aarav and Shrishti Ganguly Rindani as Ahana (Episode 25: Heartly Yours).<br /> * [[Vinita Joshi]] as Dr. Mihika and Manish Tulsiyani as Raghav (Episode 26: Goon With A Good Heart).<br /> * [[Raqesh Vashisth]] as Raqesh and [[Ridhi Dogra|Riddhi Dogra]] as Riddhi.<br /> <br /> === Guests ===<br /> *2014 – [[Madhuri Dixit]] to promote her film ''[[Dedh Ishqiya]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news-interviews/Madhuri-Dixit-to-promote-Dedh-Ishqiya-on-Yeh-Hai-Aashiqui/articleshow/28325119.cms |title=Madhuri Dixit to promote 'Dedh Ishqiya' on Yeh Hai Aashiqui – The Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=3 January 2014 |access-date=20 February 2014 |archive-date=5 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140105204353/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news-interviews/Madhuri-Dixit-to-promote-Dedh-Ishqiya-on-Yeh-Hai-Aashiqui/articleshow/28325119.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *2014 – [[Parineeti Chopra]] and [[Sidharth Malhotra]] to promote their film ''[[Hasee Toh Phasee]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-01-30/news-interviews/46827407_1_yeh-hai-aashiqui-sidharth-malhotra-hasee-toh-phasee |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140203195130/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-01-30/news-interviews/46827407_1_yeh-hai-aashiqui-sidharth-malhotra-hasee-toh-phasee |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 February 2014 |title=Parineeti, Sidharth to feature in 'Yeh Hai Aashiqui' |date=30 January 2014 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=20 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *2015 – [[Shahid Kapoor]] and [[Alia Bhatt]] to promote their film ''[[Shaandaar (2015 film)|Shaandaar]]''.<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist|30em}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Commons category}}<br /> * [http://www.bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/ Official Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020145341/http://www.bindass.com/shows/yeh-hai-aashiqui/ |date=20 October 2016 }}<br /> * {{IMDb title|4068208|Yeh Hai Aashiqui}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2013 Indian television series debuts]]<br /> [[Category:2016 Indian television series endings]]<br /> [[Category:Bindass original programming]]<br /> [[Category:Indian anthology television series]]<br /> [[Category:Indian drama television series]]<br /> [[Category:Indian romance television series]]<br /> [[Category:Indian teen drama television series]]<br /> [[Category:Serial drama television series]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salvi_(caste)&diff=450546 2026-01-18T08:52:42Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Article updated with improved flow</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Hindu weavers caste}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox ethnic group<br /> | group = Salvi<br /> | total = 51,000<br /> | regions = {{flagcountry|India}}<br /> | langs = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] • [[Mewari]] • [[Marathi language|Marathi]]<br /> | rels = [[Hinduism]] 100%<br /> | related = [[Kori (people)|Kori]] • [[Koshti]] • [[Sadh]] • Dhagi<br /> | native_name = <br /> | native_name_lang = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> The Salvi are found in the states of [[Gujarat]] and [[Rajasthan]] in [[India]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=National Handloom Day {{!}} The handloom communities of India|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/handloom-communities-india-1502670307.html|date=2018-08-07|website=The Statesman|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==History and origin==<br /> <br /> The Salvi trace their origin from the word Sal, which means a loom. They are said to have migrated from [[Gujarat]] to [[Malwa]] in the Middle Ages. The community is traditionally associated with the art of weaving. They speak Mewari among themselves.&lt;ref&gt;People of India Rajasthan Volume XXXVIII Part Two edited by B.K Lavania, D. K Samanta, S K Mandal &amp; N.N Vyas pages 859 to 861 Popular Prakashan&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> While in [[Gujarat]], the Salvi who are also known as the Patliwala or Patua, claim to have been brought from [[Maharashtra]] in the 11th Century by the [[Rajput]] rulers to [[Patan, Gujarat|Patan]]. They have been traditionally associated with silk weaving.&lt;ref&gt;People of India Gujarat Volume XXI Part Three edited by R.B Lal, P.B.S.V Padmanabham, G Krishnan &amp; M Azeez Mohideen pages 1232-1235&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The 'Fashioning' Of 'Gujarati Patola Saree' – A Priceless Heirloom {{!}} #KhabarLive Hyderabad {{!}} Breaking News, Hyderabad News, Telangana News, Andhra Pradesh News, Business, Analysis|url=http://www.hydnews.net/the-making-of-gujarati-patola-saree-a-priceless-heirloom/|last=Haseeb|first=Ahssanuddin|date=23 March 2019 |language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> As per the census of India, 1921 approximately 6.88 laks sale or salve people were living in Madras, Rajasthan, Hyderabad and Bombay provinces.<br /> <br /> ==Present circumstances==<br /> The community speak [[Mewari]] among themselves and [[Hindi]] with outsiders. They have two sub-divisions, the Marwari Salvi and Mewara Salvi, which are further sub-divided into smaller clans.<br /> <br /> With the decline in there traditional occupation of weaving, they are now mainly a community of landless agricultural labourers. A small number are still involved with weaving, and make thick cotton clothes and turban. The Salvi are a [] community, their family goddess is juses&lt;ref&gt;People of India Rajasthan Volume XXXVIII Part Two edited by B.K Lavania, D. K Samanta, S K Mandal &amp; N.N Vyas pages 859 to 861 Popular Prakashan&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Salvi of are split into two distinct groupings, the [[Jain]] Salvi and the Vaishnav [[Hindu]]. Each of these groups restrict their marriages within their respective religious groups. They have exogamous clans such as the Sanghvi, Tapadia, Kapadia, Dhara and Rawalia. These clans regulate the matrimonial alliances. The Salvi consider themselves of [[Vaishya]] status. Most of Salvis have abandoned their traditional occupation and are now engaged in a number of trades. As small number continue with their traditional occupation which is silk weaving. The Salvi speak languages&lt;ref&gt;People of India Volume XXI Part Three edited by R.B Lal, P.B.S.V Padmanabham, G Krishnan &amp; M Azeez Mohideen pages 1232-1235&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> *[[Sadh]]<br /> *[[Vanzha]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Social groups of Rajasthan]]<br /> [[Category:Weaving communities of South Asia]]<br /> [[Category:Indian castes]]<br /> [[Category:Social groups of Gujarat]]<br /> [[Category:Bania communities]]<br /> [[Category:Rajasthani peoples]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thennilavu_(TV_series)&diff=540815 2026-01-10T05:42:25Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}<br /> {{Infobox television<br /> | image = Thennilavu serial.jpg<br /> | caption =<br /> | image_alt = <br /> | genre = Soap opera&lt;br /&gt;[[Comedy drama|Comedy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Thriller (genre)|Thriller]]<br /> | creator = <br /> | based_on = <br /> | writer = [[Thirumurugan (director)|Thirumurugan]]<br /> | creative_director = N.Shakilla<br /> | director = E.Vikkramathithan &lt;br /&gt;K.Sulaimaan<br /> | starring = [[Thirumurugan (director)|Thirumurugan]]&lt;br /&gt;Sarvan Rajesh&lt;br /&gt;[[Delhi Ganesh]]&lt;br /&gt;Annamalai Palaniappan&lt;br /&gt;Neema&lt;br /&gt;Siva Ranjani<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Tamil<br /> | num_seasons = 1<br /> | num_episodes = 90<br /> | list_episodes = <br /> | producer = [[Thirumurugan (director)|Thirumurugan]]<br /> | company = [[Thirumurugan (director)|Thiru Pictures]], Vision Time India Pvt Ltd<br /> | theme_music_composer = Sanjeev Rathan<br /> | opentheme = &quot;Melam Kotti&quot;&lt;br /&gt;[[Yugabharathi]] (Lyrics)<br /> | cinematography = <br /> | editor = Singai V.Raju<br /> | camera = [[Multi-camera]]<br /> | runtime = approx. 20-22 minutes per episode<br /> | network = [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]<br /> | first_aired = {{start date|df=yes|2013|8|26}}<br /> | last_aired = {{end date|df=yes|2014|1|3}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Thennilavu''' ({{langx|ta|தேனிலவு}}) ({{Translation}} Honeymoon) is an Indian-[[Tamil language|Tamil]] soap opera that was aired on [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]. The show premiered on 26 August 2013 and aired during weekdays. The show starred [[Thirumurugan (director)|Thirumurugan]], Sarvan Rajesh, [[Delhi Ganesh]], Neema and Siva Ranjani. The show was aired again in [[YouTube]] from 29 March 2021. The show is produced by [[Thirumurugan (director)|Thiru Pictures Thirumurugan]] and directed by E.Vikkramathithan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://ta.sciencegraph.net/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81_%28%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%29|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150427181045/http://ta.sciencegraph.net/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81_(%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D)|url-status=usurped|archive-date=27 April 2015|title= Then Nilavu Serial on Sun TV|website=sciencegraph.net|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://tamil.filmibeat.com/television/then-nilavu-new-serial-on-sun-tv-181972.html|title= Then Nilavu new Serial on Sun TV|website=tamil.filmibeat.com|date= 24 August 2013|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Plot==<br /> Thennilavu is set in a holiday cottage in [[Kodaikanal|Kodiakanal]] following four couples' honeymoon routine. The four couples include a couple who always plan to murder the other, a couple who are stopped getting closer by their family members, a couple who suffers from Sleepwalking and an old couple who recently got remarried.<br /> <br /> The show begins with Ram and Revathy going for their honeymoon with a hired vehicle and the driver. The driver gives unwanted glances at Revathy who informs Ram, but Ram dismisses it. It is soon revealed that the driver has been set by Ram to kill Revathy so he can unite with his wealthy girlfriend. Unbeknowest to Ram, Revathy too has an ex, with whom she plans to kill Ram and together they can elope. They stay in a room in the resort. <br /> Next is Suresh aka Suchu and Vino, a brahmin couple. Suchu is innocent and a cowards, while Vino is the complete opposite. Vino has an illness of somanabulism and dresses up as a Malayali and beats Suchu every night, but the next morning she forgets it. Suchu thus distances himself from her, and this causes Vino to feel sad. They rent another room next to Ram's. <br /> Next comes Kalyan and Meena. Surprisingly, they come in busload of their family members for their honeymoon, which also includes Kalyan's asthma grandfather. Both family members don't get along well with the couples sisters fighting frequently and their respective husbands, Tirupathi and Alex, fighting but unite on several occasions to drink. <br /> A while later, an elderly couple who got recently married, Mr and Mrs Rajashekar arrive. <br /> Ram and Revathy attempt to kill each other. Vino's night tantrums continue, which causes Suchu to call his sister-in-law, Vino's sister for advice, which Vino learns and causes friction. The large group of families almost cause issues everyday and every night, preventing Kalyan and Meena from having some privacy. <br /> One morning, Suchu finds the driver dead on the resorts doorstep. Rajashekar is revealed to be a retired police and leads and investigation. The group is held for a few days and they all live to go by their lifestyle in Chennai. <br /> When the driver's body from Kodaikanal mortuary goes missing, everyone is called back again. At this point, Meena and Kalyan are separated by their families. In the end, the driver's mysterious murder is uncovered revealing that his twin brother killed him. Kalyan and Meena run away causing their families to realise their mistakes and all unite. Vino and Suchu unite after Vino's treatment. Ram and Revathy realise they love each other and unite. Rajashekar calls all of them to his house for lunch and everything happens here and he puts senses into each individual. Agalya (Ram's girlfriend) and Revathy's boyfriend realise their mistake, and the two end up together.<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> {{colbegin}}<br /> *[[Thirumurugan (director)|Thirumurugan]]/Sarvan Rajesh as Kalyanam<br /> *Neema as Meena<br /> *[[Delhi Ganesh]] as Rajasekhar<br /> *Muthu Kumara Swamy as Ram<br /> *Siva Ranjani as Revathi<br /> *Annamalai Palaniappan as Suchu<br /> *Sangeetha Shetty as Vino<br /> * Deepa Nethran <br /> * Kannan as Alex<br /> *Aravamudhan Venkatesan as Tirupati<br /> *Ramjee S as the doctor<br /> *Rekha Padmanaban as Agalya<br /> {{colend}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[List of programs broadcast by Sun TV]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141007220928/http://www.suntvnetwork.in/tv-channel-details.aspx?Channelid=1&amp;channelname=SUN%20TV&amp;LanguageID=1&amp;Type=q Official Website] {{in lang|en}}<br /> * [https://www.youtube.com/suntv Sun TV on YouTube]<br /> * [http://www.suntv.in/ Sun TV Network] {{in lang|en}}<br /> * [http://www.sun.in Sun Group] {{in lang|en}}<br /> <br /> {{Sun TV shows}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Sun TV original programming]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language romance television series]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language comedy television series]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language thriller television series]]<br /> [[Category:2013 Tamil-language television series debuts]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]<br /> [[Category:2014 Tamil-language television series endings]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Komagata_Maru_Budge_Budge_railway_station&diff=510384 2026-01-02T19:17:16Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Railway Station in West Bengal, India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=December 2017}}<br /> {{Infobox station<br /> | name = Komagata Maru Budge Budge<br /> | type = [[File:Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg|30px]] [[List of Kolkata Suburban Railway stations|Kolkata Suburban Railway Station]]<br /> | style = Kolkata Suburban Railway<br /> | image = Komagata Maru Budge Budge railway station.jpg<br /> | image_caption = Komagata Maru Budge Budge Railway Station<br /> | address = [[Budge Budge]], [[South 24 Parganas]], [[West Bengal]] 700137<br /> | country = {{flag|India}}<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|22.4928895|N|88.1948585|E|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline,title}}<br /> | elevation = {{convert|9|m|ft}}<br /> | line = [[Sealdah South lines#Budge Budge Branch line|Budge Budge Branch line]]<br /> | other = <br /> | structure = Standard (on-ground station)<br /> | platform = 1<br /> | tracks = 2<br /> | bicycle = Available<br /> | parking = Available<br /> | opened = {{start date and age|1890}}<br /> | closed = <br /> | rebuilt = <br /> | electrified = 1965–66<br /> | accessible = Not Available<br /> | code = {{Indian railway code<br /> | code = KBGB<br /> | zone = [[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railway]]<br /> | division = {{rwd|Sealdah}}<br /> }}<br /> | owned = [[Indian Railways]]<br /> | operator = [[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railway]]<br /> | status = Functioning<br /> | former = [[Eastern Bengal Railway]]<br /> | passengers = <br /> | pass_year = <br /> | pass_percent = <br /> | pass_system = <br /> | services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Kolkata Suburban Railway|line=Sealdah South|left=|right=Nangi|to-left=Budge Budge|type=[[Sealdah South lines#Budge Budge Branch line|Budge Budge Branch line]]}}<br /> | services_collapsible = yes<br /> | route_map = {{Sealdah South lines}}<br /> | map_state = collapsed<br /> | mapframe = yes<br /> | mapframe-custom = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=300|frame-height=180|zoom=14|type=point|marker=rail}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Komagata Maru Budge Budge''' (previously known as '''Budge Budge''') is a terminal station of [[List of Kolkata Suburban Railway stations|Kolkata Suburban Railway]] on the [[Sealdah South lines#Budge Budge Branch line|Budge Budge Branch line]]. It is under the jurisdiction of the [[Sealdah railway division]] in the [[Eastern Railway zone]] of the [[Indian Railways]]. It serves the local area of [[Budge Budge]] in [[South 24 Parganas]] district in the [[India]]n [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/budge-budge-bgb/10455|title=BGB/Budge Budge|access-date=May 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/indian-railway/budge-budge-bgb-station|title=BUDGE BUDGE (BGB) Railway Station|publisher=NDTV|access-date=May 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> In 1890, the [[Eastern Bengal Railway]] constructed a {{track gauge|1676mm}}-wide [[5 ft 6 in gauge railway|broad-gauge railway]] from {{stnlnk|Ballygunge Junction}} to Budge Budge.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://irse.bravehost.com/IRHTML.htm |title=Indian Railways History Time Line |access-date=May 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120714085533/http://irse.bravehost.com/IRHTML.htm |archive-date=14 July 2012 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2013, the station was renamed from Budge Budge to commemorate those killed in the [[Komagata Maru incident]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Continuing the voyage of Komagata Maru|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20140523/main7.htm|access-date=17 September 2021|website=The Tribune India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Electrification==<br /> Electrification from {{stnlnk|Ballygunge Junction}} to Budge Budge was completed with 25 kV AC overhead system in 1965–66.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://irfca.org/docs/electrification-history.html|title=History of The Electrification of Indian Railways|access-date=May 25, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Station complex==<br /> The platform is very much well sheltered. The station possesses many facilities including water and sanitation. There is a proper approach road to this station.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/chronology.html|title=The Chronology of Railway Development in Eastern India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180327200122/http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/chronology.html|access-date=May 25, 2019|archive-date=27 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ==Connections==<br /> On a non-holiday a total of 22 trains run from Budge Budge to [[Sealdah railway station|Sealdah]] and 3 trains traverse the [[Kolkata Circular Railway]] route to reach [[Naihati Junction railway station|Naihati Junction]].<br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Railway stations in West Bengal}}<br /> {{Kolkata Suburban Railway, Sealdah South}}<br /> {{South 24 Parganas topics}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Railway stations in South 24 Parganas district]]<br /> [[Category:Sealdah railway division]]<br /> [[Category:Kolkata Suburban Railway stations]]<br /> [[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 1890]]<br /> [[Category:1890 establishments in the British Empire]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{WestBengal-railstation-stub}}</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jindal_Vijayanagar_Airport&diff=506282 2025-12-23T06:18:09Z

<p>Jimmy6788: created the pg w/ sources.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Airport in Karnataka, India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox airport <br /> | name = Jindal Vijayanagar Airport<br /> | image = Jindal Vijaynagar Airport terminal, Jan 2007.jpg<br /> | image-width = <br /> | caption =<br /> | IATA = VDY<br /> | ICAO = VOJV<br /> | type = Public<br /> | owner-oper = [[JSW Steel]]<br /> | city-served = [[Bellary]], [[Hampi]] and [[Hospet]]<br /> | location = [[Toranagallu]], [[Karnataka]], India<br /> | elevation-f = 1667<br /> | elevation-m = {{convert|1667|ft|0|disp=number}}<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|15.1750|76.6341|type:airport_region:IN|display=inline,title}}<br /> | website = <br /> | opened = {{start date and age|1997|||df=y|p=n|br=n}}<br /> | pushpin_map = India Karnataka#India<br /> | pushpin_label = '''VDY'''<br /> | pushpin_mapsize = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location of airport in Karnataka<br /> | metric-elev = y<br /> | metric-rwy = y<br /> | r1-number = 13/31<br /> | r1-length-f = {{convert|1589|m|0|disp=number}}<br /> | r1-length-m = 1,589<br /> | r1-surface = Asphalt<br /> | stat-year = April 2023 – March 2024<br /> | stat1-header = Passengers<br /> | stat1-data = 43,140<br /> ({{increase}} 80%)<br /> &lt;!--Do not change or remove the figures, these are strictly as per the sources mentioned below and changing them will cause conflicting with sources.--&gt;<br /> | stat2-header = Aircraft movements<br /> | stat2-data = 1,228<br /> ({{increase}} 34.9%)<br /> | stat3-header = Cargo tonnage<br /> | stat3-data = —<br /> | footnotes = Source: [[Airports Authority of India|AAI]]&lt;ref name=&quot;AAI3&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Annexure III – Passenger Data|url=https://www.aai.aero/sites/default/files/traffic-news/Mar2k24Annex3.pdf|website=aai.aero|access-date=23 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AAI2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Annexure II – Aircraft Movement Data|url=https://www.aai.aero/sites/default/files/traffic-news/Mar2k24Annex2.pdf|website=aai.aero|access-date=23 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Annexure IV – Freight Movement Data|url=https://www.aai.aero/sites/default/files/traffic-news/Mar2k24Annex4.pdf|website=aai.aero|access-date=23 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Jindal Vijayanagar Airport''' {{airport codes|VDY|VOJV}}, also known as '''Vidyanagar Airport''', is a public [[airport]] serving [[Bellary]], [[Hampi]] and [[Hospet]] in [[Karnataka]], India. It is located between Vidyanagar Township and a [[steel mill]] owned by [[JSW Steel]] in [[Toranagallu]]. The airport was built by Jindal Vijayanagar Steel, which later changed its name to JSW Steel. It opened in 1997 and began handling commercial flights in December 2006.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> [[Jindal Vijayanagar Steel]] built the airport next to its plant in [[Toranagallu]] for use by senior employees.&lt;ref name=&quot;outlook&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |last=Dey |first=Sudipto |date=6–19 April 2008 |title=The Second Coming |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kjEEAAAAMBAJ |magazine=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook Business]] |volume=3 |issue=8 |pages=58–61 |access-date=21 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; It began operations in 1997.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://www.rediff.com/amp/money/2007/feb/06airport.htm | title=Govt may allow airports on private land | work=Business Standard | date=2007-02-06 | accessdate=20 February 2024 | via=Rediff.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2004, the [[government of Karnataka]] announced that the airstrip would be upgraded to serve as the new commercial airport for [[Bellary]], which was {{convert|30|km|0}} away. [[Simplifly Deccan|Air Deccan]] planned to fly to the airfield. Bellary already had [[Bellary Airport|an airport]]; however, officials said its runway was not long enough and there was no room to extend it. The government also hoped that Jindal Vijayanagar Airport would attract tourists bound for [[Hampi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;th704&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=16 July 2004 |title=Bellary flights to use Jindal airstrip |work=[[The Hindu]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2006, the company, now known as JSW Steel, constructed a terminal building at a cost of {{INRconvert|25|c}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;outlook&quot; /&gt; Karnataka governor [[T. N. Chaturvedi]] inaugurated the airport in November 2006,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=3 November 2006 |title=Hampi gets air connectivity from Bangalore, Goa |url=http://www.oneindia.com/2006/11/03/hampi-gets-air-connectivity-from-bangalore-goa-1162620390.html |work=[[Oneindia]] |access-date=21 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; and Air Deccan launched flights to Bangalore and Goa the following month.&lt;ref name=&quot;dec1&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=1 December 2006 |title=Jindal airport opened for commercial operations |url=http://www.oneindia.com/2006/12/01/jindal-vijaynagar-airport-opened-for-commercial-operations-1164982130.html |work=[[Oneindia]] |access-date=21 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Facilities==<br /> Jindal Vijayanagar Airport has one asphalt runway designated 13/31. It measures {{convert|1956|x|30|m}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://aim-india.aai.aero/eaip-v2-02-2024/index-en-GB.html | title=Aeronautical Information Publication for Jindal Vijayanagar Airport | work=Airports Authority of India | date=2024-01-11 | accessdate=3 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; The waiting area in the terminal seats 50 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;outlook&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Airlines and destinations==<br /> Between April 2023 and March 2024, the airport handled 43,140 passengers and had 1,228 aircraft movements.&lt;ref name=&quot;AAI3&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AAI2&quot;/&gt;<br /> &lt;!-- Please use only independent sources. The airport and airlines itself are not independent sources. --&gt;<br /> {{Airport-dest-list<br /> | [[Alliance Air (India)|Alliance Air]] | [[Kempegowda International Airport|Bengaluru]], [[Rajiv Gandhi International Airport|Hyderabad]]&lt;ref name=&quot;lm1022&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author1=Narayan, Subhash|title=Jindal Vijayanagar Airport hosts Alliance Air's new flights to Hyd, Bengaluru|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/jindal-vijayanagar-airport-hosts-alliance-air-s-new-flights-to-hyd-bengaluru-11667125081893.html|work=Livemint|date=30 October 2022|access-date=31 October 2022|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | {{nowrap|[[Star Air (India)|Star Air]]}} | [[Kempegowda International Airport|Bengaluru]]&lt;ref&gt;https://www.travelandtourworld.com/news/article/star-airs-new-daily-flight-route-from-bengaluru-to-hampi-set-to-transform-tourism-landscape-in-ballari-and-vijayanagara-districts-starting-november/&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[List of airports in Karnataka]]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{commons-inline}}<br /> <br /> {{Portal bar|Aviation}}<br /> {{Airports in India}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Airports in Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:Buildings and structures in Ballari district]]<br /> [[Category:Transport in Ballari district]]<br /> [[Category:JSW Group]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seshulatha_Kosuru&diff=470109 2025-12-17T17:34:03Z

<p>Jimmy6788: typo fix</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian musical artist}}<br /> {{Multiple issues|<br /> {{Orphan|date=August 2023}}<br /> {{no footnotes|date=January 2020}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{Infobox musical artist &lt;!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians --&gt;<br /> | name = Dr. Seshulatha Kosuru<br /> | image = seshulatha.jpg<br /> | caption = Dr. Seshulatha Kosuru<br /> | background = solo_singer<br /> | origin = [[India]]<br /> | genre = [[Carnatic music]], [[Indian classical music]]<br /> | occupation = [[Vocal]]ist<br /> }}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}<br /> <br /> '''Dr. Seshulatha Kosuru''' is a leading Carnatic musician and teacher from Andhra Pradesh. She has performed widely in India and abroad and has received numerous awards and titles from many leading organizations. She has tuned and released many carnatic &amp; devotional albums and has also set to tune many dance ballets.<br /> <br /> ==Background==<br /> <br /> She holds a [[Ph.D.]] in music from Potti Sriramulu Telugu University, Hyderabad, for her thesis ''The Rare Janya Ragas having Single Composition of Musical Trinity with Special Reference to Tyagaraja''.<br /> She holds an MA in music from Padmavathi Mahila University, Tirupathi, an MA in Telugu literature from Osmania University and BA in music from [[Andhra University]].[[File:Dr. Seshulatha Viswanath Kosuru.jpg|thumb]]She had her initial training under her mother and Sri Chodavarapu Subba Rao, Sri Desapathi Raju, Sri Sistu Prabhakara Krishna Murthy Sastry and received further training at Kalapeetham, Tirupati during 1980-81 under the guidance of Sri Balantrapu Rajanikantha Rao, Sri A. Narayana Iyer, Sri K.R.Ganapathi and V.L.Janaki Ram. She received advanced training from Late Sri Voleti Venkateswarulu during 1981–88 with scholarship from Sangeet Academy of Andhra Pradesh Govt, and also received advanced training from Sangita Kalanidhi Sri Nedunuri Krishnamurthy.<br /> <br /> ==Professional experience==<br /> * Seshulatha Kosuru has been giving numerous performances both in India and abroad<br /> * She is a member of faculty, Department of Music, Telugu University since 1989<br /> * She is a graded AIR, Hyderabad artist in both classical and light music styles<br /> * She has given performances in classical &amp; devotional music on AIR, Doordhrshan &amp; other television channels<br /> * Judge on several music shows on television &amp; other music associations<br /> * She has set music to a number of lyrics and compositions and also several dance ballets (Sarwam sayi mayam, sambhavaami yuge yuge, Goda devi etc.,) &amp; musical operas.<br /> * Conducts various lecture demonstrations, private classes at home and also online<br /> * She is currently a teacher and Academy Registrar at [http://www.sifas.org SIFAS] ([[Singapore Indian Fine Arts Society]]).<br /> <br /> ==Awards==<br /> *Dwaram Venkataswami Naidu and Smt. Ivaturi Bala Swaraswati Devi Memorial Cash prizes for standing first in BA Music in 1984<br /> *Recipient of ‘Outstanding Young Talented Person Award’ at the District and State level from Jaycees Club in 1987<br /> *Recipient of Smt. Rukmini Jagannathan Puraskar for standing First in Sangeet Alankar from Akhil Bharateeya Gandharve Vidyalaya Mandal Maharashtra, 1998<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121107203502/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2006/04/28/stories/2006042801400200.htm]<br /> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100903161533/http://hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2008/06/27/stories/2008062750580300.htm]<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{commons category|Seshulatha Kosuru}}<br /> *[http://www.emusic.com/artist/Smt-K-Seshu-Latha-Vishwanath-MP3-Download/12549007.html Sri Vighneswara Suprabhatam]<br /> *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100131000808/http://www.sistla.org/Srihari-Lyrics/index.html Omkara nadamayam]<br /> *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100314174137/http://www.sobhanaidu.org/ballettext.htm Dance ballets]<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Kosuru, Seshulatha}}<br /> [[Category:Singers from Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br /> [[Category:Indian women classical singers]]<br /> [[Category:Women Carnatic singers]]<br /> [[Category:Carnatic singers]]<br /> [[Category:Indian music educators]]<br /> [[Category:Women educators from Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian educators]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian women educators]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian educators]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian women educators]]<br /> [[Category:Women musicians from Karnataka]]<br /> [[Category:Educators from Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian women singers]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]<br /> [[Category:Indian women music educators]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{India-musician-stub}}</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Artificial_(disambiguation)&diff=549229 2025-11-26T06:53:01Z

<p>Jimmy6788: adding article - done</p> <hr /> <div>{{wiktionary|artificial}}<br /> '''[[Artificiality]]''' is the condition of being the product of intentional human manufacture.<br /> <br /> '''Artificial''' may also refer to:<br /> {{TOC right}}<br /> ==Film and television==<br /> *[[Artificial (2012 film)|''Artificial'' (2012 film)]], an Indian Telugu-language short film<br /> *[[Artificial (upcoming film)|''Artificial'' (upcoming film)]], an American-British biographical comedy drama<br /> *''Artificial'', a 2018–2019 web series created by [[Evan Mandery]] and [[Bernie Su]]<br /> <br /> ==Music==<br /> *''Artificial'', a 1999 album by [[God Module]]<br /> *''Artificial'', a 2010 album by [[Unitopia]]<br /> *[[Artificial (Daughtry song)|&quot;Artificial&quot; (Daughtry song)]], 2023<br /> *&quot;Artificial&quot;, a 2024 song by Katy Perry featuring JID from ''[[143 (Katy Perry album)|143]]''<br /> *&quot;Artificial&quot;, a 2008 song by [[Kris Menace]] and [[Felix da Housecat]]<br /> <br /> ==Other uses==<br /> *Artificial, a type of call in the game of contract bridge; see [[Glossary of contract bridge terms#artificial]]<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * {{look from|Artificial}}<br /> * {{in title|Artificial}}<br /> <br /> {{disambiguation}}</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amlan_Borgohain&diff=486077 2025-11-25T07:27:28Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian sprinter (born 1998)}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2025}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox sportsperson<br /> | name = Amlan Borgohain<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1998|4|25}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Jorhat]], [[Assam]], India<br /> | sport = [[Track and field]]<br /> | event = [[100 m]], [[200 m]]<br /> | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[Sport of athletics|athletics]]}}[[File:Athletics pictogram.svg|30px]]<br /> {{Medal|Country|{{IND}}}}{{MedalCompetition|[[FISU World University Games|World University Games]]}}<br /> {{MedalBronze |[[2021 Summer World University Games|2021 Chengdu]]|[[Athletics at the 2021 Summer World University Games – Men's 200 metres|200m]]}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Amlan Borgohain''' (born 25 April 1998) is an Indian [[Sprint (running)|sprinter]] who specializes in [[100 metres|100 m]] and [[200 metres|200 m]] events.&lt;ref name=&quot;oly&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Nag |first=Utathya |title=Who is Amlan Borgohain - Cristiano Ronaldo fan is India's fastest man |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/who-is-amlan-borgohain-india-athlete-sprinter-runner |access-date=13 October 2022 |publisher=Olympics}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * {{iaaf name|id=14818482}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Borgohain, Amlan}}<br /> [[Category:1998 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Indian men sprinters]]<br /> [[Category:Athletes from Assam]]<br /> [[Category:People from Jorhat district]]<br /> [[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 2022 Asian Games]]<br /> [[Category:Asian Games athletes for India]]<br /> [[Category:FISU World University Games bronze medalists for India]]<br /> [[Category:Medalists at the 2021 Summer Universiade]]<br /> [[Category:Universiade bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian people]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{India-athletics-bio-stub}}</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vaazhthu_Kaatuvom&diff=543219 2025-11-07T14:19:23Z

<p>Jimmy6788: New A Article Initial Version</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox television<br /> | image = Vaazhthu Kaatuvom.jpg<br /> | caption = <br /> | alt_name = Let's live and show / வாழ்ந்து காட்டுவோம்<br /> | genre = [[Drama|Social Drama]]<br /> | creator = <br /> | based_on = ''[[Solvathellam Unmai (TV series)|Solvathellam Unmai]]''<br /> | screenplay =<br /> | director = <br /> | presenter = [[Kuyili (actress)|Kuyili]]<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Tamil<br /> | num_seasons = 1<br /> | num_episodes = 100<br /> | list_episodes =<br /> | producer = <br /> | company = Crucible Innovations <br /> | theme_music_composer =<br /> | opentheme = <br /> | cinematography = <br /> | editor = <br /> | camera = [[Multi-camera]]<br /> | runtime = approx. 35–45 minutes per episode<br /> | first_aired = {{Start date|2024|02|26|df=yes}}<br /> | last_aired = {{end date|df=yes|2024|6|21}}<br /> | channel = [[Kalaignar TV]]<br /> | related = ''[[Solvathellam Unmai (TV series)|Solvathellam Unmai]]''<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Vaazhthu Kaatuvom''''' (transl. Let's live and show) is a 2024 Indian [[Tamil-language]] reality [[Court show#Arbitration-based reality court show|arbitration-based reality court show]] adjudicating real-life family disputes. It is adapted from the [[Zee Tamil]]'s show ''[[Solvathellam Unmai (TV series)|Solvathellam Unmai]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=பேச்சி ஆவுடையப்பன் | url=https://tamil.abplive.com/entertainment/television/actress-kuyili-host-a-new-show-vaazhnthu-kaatuvom-coming-soon-on-kalaignar-tv-166984| title=சொல்வதெல்லாம் உண்மை பாணியிலான நிகழ்ச்சி.. நடுவராக களம் காணும் நடிகை குயிலி..!| website=tamil.abplive.com| date=12 February 2024|language=ta}}&lt;/ref&gt; This program has been developed in a brand new format with the advice of experts and specialists in a new arena where people's grievances and problems are spoken boldly.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=| url=https://tamil.livechennai.com/a-new-show-on-kalaignar-tv-vazhdhukaatuvom/| title=கலைஞர் டிவியில் &quot;வாழ்ந்து காட்டுவோம்&quot; புதிய நிகழ்ச்சி!| website=tamil.livechennai.com| date=24 February 2024|language=ta}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Actress [[Kuyili (actress)|Kuyili]] hosts the show.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=பேச்சி ஆவுடையப்பன் | url=https://tamil.abplive.com/entertainment/television/actress-kuyili-host-a-new-show-vaazhnthu-kaatuvom-coming-soon-on-kalaignar-tv-166984| title=சொல்வதெல்லாம் உண்மை பாணியிலான நிகழ்ச்சி.. நடுவராக களம் காணும் நடிகை குயிலி..!| website=tamil.abplive.com| date=12 February 2024|language=ta}}&lt;/ref&gt; It aired on [[Kalaignar TV]] from 26 February 2024 to 21 June 2024 on Monday to Friday from 21:00&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=V Vasanthi| url=https://tamil.oneindia.com/television/kalaignar-tv-vaazhnthu-kattuvom-show-hosted-by-actress-quili-583583.html| title=எதிர்நீச்சல், சிறகடிக்க ஆசை சீரியலுக்கு இனி பிரச்சனையா? கலைஞர் டிவி வைத்த செக்.. செம டுவிஸ்ட்| website=tamil.oneindia.com| date=17 February 2024|language=ta}}&lt;/ref&gt; and is also presented on Kalaignar TV's [[YouTube]] channel.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Chennaivision | url=https://chennaivision.com/kalaignar-tv-new-show-launch-vaazhnthu-kaatuvom/| title=Kalaignar TV New Show Launch &quot;Vaazhnthu Kaatuvom&quot;| website=chennaivision.com| date=25 February 2024|language=ta}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLelnUIRHiYy8GaRH_x_bQav78XvQXX305 ''Vaazhthu Kaatuvom''] at [[Kalaignar TV]]<br /> <br /> {{Kalaignar TV shows}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Kalaignar TV television series]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language talk shows]]<br /> [[Category:2024 Tamil-language television series debuts]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]<br /> [[Category:Television shows set in Tamil Nadu]]<br /> [[Category:2024 Tamil-language television series endings]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kerala_Law_Academy&diff=470541 2025-11-04T19:02:02Z

<p>Jimmy6788: improved article</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Private law college in Kerala, India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox college<br /> | name = The Kerala Law Academy Law College, Thiruvananthapuram<br /> | established = {{Start date and age|1967|10|21|df=yes}}<br /> | coordinates ={{coord|8.5395|76.966|type:landmark|display=inline, title}} <br /> | city = [[Thiruvananthapuram]]<br /> | country = [[India]]<br /> | state = [[Kerala]]<br /> | type = [[Government]] Aided [[Legal education|Law college]]<br /> | affiliation = [[University of Kerala]]<br /> | website ={{url|www.keralalawacademy.in/}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Kerala Law Academy''' ('''KLA'''), also referred to as the '''Kerala Law Academy Law College''', is a self-financing [[Legal education|law college]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]], India. Founded in 1967, it is the first, and was for many years the only, self-financing law institution in the state.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=In the name of law|url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/edu/2004/12/28/stories/2004122800050100.htm|access-date=13 April 2018|work=[[The Hindu]]}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is accredited by the [[Bar Council of India]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.barcouncilofindia.org/approved-law-colleges.doc |title=Bar Council of India: List of Approved Institutions |access-date=29 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090704200324/https://www.barcouncilofindia.org/approved-law-colleges.doc |archive-date=4 July 2009 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; and affiliated to the [[University of Kerala]]. <br /> <br /> KLA has both the three-year and the five-year [[LL.B]] programs (under the graduate stream of study) and the [[LL.M]] and M.B.L programs (under the post-graduate stream of study). The college has an active Moot Court Society and students of the society have also participated in various competitions held outside India. KLA also conducts a [[Legal clinic|legal aid clinic]] to provide legal assistance to members of the underprivileged sections of the society.&lt;ref&gt;https://students.indlaw.com/display.aspx?2776{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> Kerala Law Academy was registered as a society on 17 October 1966 and inaugurated on 21 October 1967. In 1968, the college started functioning under the [[University of Kerala]] in the same year.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=History {{!}} Kerala Law Academy|url=https://keralalawacademy.in/about/history/|website=www.keralalawacademy.org|access-date=13 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Notable alumni==<br /> * [[Kurian Joseph]], Judge, [[Supreme Court of India]]<br /> * [[K. Vinod Chandran]], Judge, [[Supreme Court of India]]<br /> * [[P. V. Kunhikrishnan]], Judge, [[Kerala High Court|High Court of Kerala]]<br /> * [[K. Balakrishnan Nair]], Judge, High Court of Kerala<br /> * [[Raja Vijayaraghavan V.]], Judge, High Court of Kerala<br /> * [[V. G. Arun]], Judge, High Court of Kerala<br /> * [[Basant Balaji]], Judge, High Court of Kerala<br /> * [[Anil K. Narendran]], Judge, High Court of Kerala <br /> * [[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], Indian actor <br /> * [[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], Indian actor, [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] <br /> * [[Balachandra Menon]], Indian actor<br /> * [[M. Swaraj]], Former MLA<br /> * [[John Brittas]], Indian journalist and [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]] <br /> * [[C. S. Sujatha]], Former Member of Parliament <br /> * [[K. Muraleedharan]], Politician, Former Minister<br /> * [[A. A. Rahim (politician, born 1980)|A. A. Rahim]], Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha<br /> * [[V. D. Satheesan]], MLA, Leader of the Opposition, Kerala Legislative Assembly <br /> * [[Devi Ajith]], Indian actress <br /> * [[Mithun Ramesh]], Indian actor, radio jockey and TV anchor <br /> * [[K. N. Balagopal]], Finance Minister State of Kerala<br /> * [[Anil Panachooran]], Lyricist, Poet <br /> * [[K. Rajan (politician)|K. Rajan]], Revenue Minister, State of Kerala<br /> * [[Binoy Viswam]], Former MP, Former Forest &amp; Wildlife Minister, Government of Kerala<br /> * [[G. R. Anil]], Civil Supplies Minister, Government of Kerala<br /> * [[K. K. Ragesh]], former Member of Parliament<br /> * [[Prabha Varma]], Writer, Journalist <br /> * [[Kadannappalli Ramachandran]], former Minister, Government of Kerala<br /> * [[Anoop Jacob]], Former Minister State of Kerala<br /> * [[V. S. Sunil Kumar]], Former Agriculture Minister Govt of Kerala<br /> * [[V. K. Prasanth]], MLA <br /> * [[Simon Britto Rodrigues]], Former MLA, Writer <br /> * [[Shanimol Usman]], MLA<br /> * [[V. S. Sivakumar]], Former Health &amp; Devaswam Minister State of Kerala<br /> * [[K. Suresh Kurup]], Former MP, MLA<br /> * [[M. Vincent]], MLA<br /> * [[A. M. Ariff]], Member of Parliament <br /> * [[V. Sivankutty]], Education Minister of Kerala<br /> * [[K. P. Rajendran]], Former Revenue Minister Government of Kerala<br /> * [[Thomas Unniyadan]], Former MLA, Chief Whip Kerala Legislative Assembly<br /> * [[Eldhose Kunnappilly]], MLA<br /> * [[Joy Thomas]], Politician<br /> * [[Parvathi T.|Maala Parvathi]], Indian actress<br /> * [[Shanimol Usman]], Former MLA<br /> * [[K. S. Sabarinadhan]], Former MLA<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Government Law College, Thiruvananthapuram]]<br /> *[[List of colleges in Thiruvananthapuram]]<br /> *[[List of institutions of higher education in Kerala]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Law schools in Kerala]]<br /> [[Category:Colleges in Thiruvananthapuram]]<br /> [[Category:Educational institutions established in 1967]]<br /> [[Category:1967 establishments in Kerala]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arwal_subdivision&diff=487755 2025-10-26T15:19:20Z

<p>Jimmy6788: started new entry - done</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Administrative subdivision in Arwal district, Bihar, India}}<br /> <br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Arwal subdivision<br /> | settlement_type = Subdivision<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|25.2439951|84.6673705|display=inline,title}}<br /> | pushpin_map = India Bihar#India<br /> | pushpin_label_position = right<br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = [[India]] {{flag|India}}<br /> | subdivision_type1 = State<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]<br /> | subdivision_type2 = District<br /> | subdivision_name2 = [[Arwal district]]<br /> | seat = [[Arwal]]<br /> | area_total_km2 = 634.23<br /> | population_total = 700843<br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | demographics_type1 = Languages<br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | demographics1_info1 = Hindi, Urdu<br /> | postal_code_type = PIN<br /> | postal_code = 804401<br /> | registration_plate = BR-56<br /> | timezone1 = IST<br /> | utc_offset1 = +05:30<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Arwal subdivision''' is an administrative subdivision in [[Arwal district]], in the Indian state of [[Bihar]], with its headquarters at the town of [[Arwal]]. The subdivision is coterminous with Arwal district (the district comprises a single subdivision) and contains the district headquarters and the district's rural and urban settlements. The subdivision covers an area of 634.23&amp;nbsp;km² and had a total population of 700,843 at the [[2011 census of India|2011 Census of India]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://arwal.nic.in/demography/ |title=Demography – Arwal district |publisher=District Administration Arwal |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/251/download/654/DH_2011_1038_PART_B_DCHB_ARWAL.pdf |title=District Census Handbook: Arwal (Part B) |publisher=Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Geography==<br /> Arwal subdivision lies in south-western Bihar on the plains adjoining the Son (Sone) River basin. The subdivision is primarily flat alluvial plain with fertile soils derived from recent alluvium. The Son River and its tributaries influence the drainage of the subdivision; parts of the district adjoining the Son are low-lying and prone to seasonal flooding during the monsoon. Groundwater resources, aquifer characteristics and district-level [[hydrogeology]] have been studied and documented by the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) for the Arwal area. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cgwb.gov.in/old_website/District_Profile/Bihar/Arwal.pdf |title=Arwal — District Ground Water Brochure |publisher=Central Ground Water Board |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Administration==<br /> Arwal district contains a single subdivision, Arwal. The subdivision is divided administratively into five Community Development (CD) blocks: Arwal, Kaler, Karpi, Kurtha and Sonbhadra Banshi Suryapur. The town of Arwal is the subdivision (and district) headquarters. The district administration provides block-level listings and contact details on its official portal. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://arwal.nic.in/subdivision-blocks/ |title=Subdivision &amp; Blocks – Arwal district |publisher=District Administration Arwal |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://arwal.nic.in/contact-directory/ |title=Contact Directory – Arwal district |publisher=District Administration Arwal |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Demographics==<br /> As per the 2011 Census (District Census Handbook and related PCA tables), the subdivision (equivalently the district) had a total population of 700,843 (363,497 males and 337,346 females). The rural population was 648,994 and the urban population 51,849. The overall literacy and sex-ratio figures, and the Scheduled Caste / Scheduled Tribe proportions are reported in the DCHB and district release tables: the district [[Human sex ratio|sex ratio]] and literacy figures are drawn from the Census 2011 datasets and the District Census Handbook. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/251/download/654/DH_2011_1038_PART_B_DCHB_ARWAL.pdf |title=District Census Handbook: Arwal (Part B) |publisher=Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/datagov/ |title=Census 2011 data tables (DDW/PCA) |publisher=Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> * Total population (2011): 700,843. &lt;ref name=&quot;demography&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://arwal.nic.in/demography/ |title=Demography – Arwal district |publisher=District Administration Arwal |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Rural population (2011): 648,994; Urban population (2011): 51,849. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/datagov/B-1/DDW-1000B-01-Census.xls |title=Census 2011 — District/State tables |publisher=Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * Literacy, sex ratio, and social-group (SC/ST) proportions are reported in the DCHB and PCA tables (see references). &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/251 |title=District Census Handbook: Arwal — catalogue entry |publisher=Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Economy==<br /> The economy of the subdivision is predominantly agrarian and mirrors the district-level economy described in official district documents and the Census DCHB. Major crops include paddy, wheat and pulses; agriculture, allied activities and rural labour are the main livelihoods. District- and block-level infrastructure, irrigation and agricultural particulars are summarised in the District Census Handbook and district administration publications. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/251/download/654/DH_2011_1038_PART_B_DCHB_ARWAL.pdf |title=District Census Handbook: Arwal (Part B) — Economic Tables |publisher=Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://arwal.nic.in/ |title=About District / Economy – Arwal district |publisher=District Administration Arwal |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Transport==<br /> Road is the principal mode of transport serving the subdivision; national and state highways provide inter-district connections to Patna, Jehanabad, Aurangabad and neighbouring districts. The district administration's &quot;How to reach&quot; / transport information and the DCHB village-and-town directory provide official notes on road connectivity. The nearest major railway and airport facilities cited in district official documents are at Jehanabad / Anugrah Narayan Road (rail) and Patna (airport). The district transport office and RTO services for the district are administered from Arwal (RTO series BR-56 as recorded in official Bihar government election/administrative documents). &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://arwal.nic.in/how-to-reach/ |title=How to reach – Arwal district |publisher=District Administration Arwal |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://ceoelection.bihar.gov.in/PDF/First_Randomisation-GELS-2024/Arwal.pdf |title=Election report (Arwal) — CEO Bihar (mentions BR-56) |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Bihar |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Education and public services==<br /> Government and government-aided primary, upper primary and secondary schools, as well as health centres (sub-centres, primary health centres and rural hospitals), are listed in the District Census Handbook (village and town directory) and on the district administration portal. The DCHB provides block-wise counts of educational institutions and health facilities; the district website publishes contact details for the education and health departments and lists colleges and hospitals in the district. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/250/download/650/DH_2011_1038_PART_A_DCHB_ARWAL.pdf |title=District Census Handbook: Arwal (Part A) — Village &amp; Town Directory |publisher=Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://arwal.nic.in/departments/education/ |title=Education Department — Arwal district |publisher=District Administration Arwal |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://arwal.nic.in/departments/health/ |title=Health Department — Arwal district |publisher=District Administration Arwal |access-date=29 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Arwal district]]<br /> * [[Arwal]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [https://arwal.nic.in/ Official website of Arwal district]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Subdivisions of Arwal district]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rabana_Chhaya&diff=527844 2025-09-08T16:42:35Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Done.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Shadow puppetry from Odisha, India}}<br /> [[File:Rabana Chhaya, Odisha (Ravana Chhaya) 01.jpg|thumb|386x386px|Ravana tries to kidnap Sita]]<br /> '''Rabana Chhaya''' is a form of [[shadow puppetry]] from the [[East India|eastern Indian]] state of [[Odisha]].<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> ''Rabana Chhaya'' literally means 'the shadow of [[Ravana]]' and is named after the eponymous evil king of the [[Hindu]] epic [[Ramayana]]. The lyrics for the performance are taken from the Bichitra Ramayana by the [[Odia literature|Odia poet]] '''Biswanatha Khuntia'''.&lt;ref name=&quot;books.google_b&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Joanna Gottfried|title=The Two-headed Deer: Illustrations of the Rāmāyaṇa in Orissa|year=1996|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|pages=39–40|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=22wCxbKAdmkC&amp;pg=PA39|isbn=9780520080652}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sangeetnatak&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ravana Chhaya|url=http://sangeetnatak.gov.in/publication/ravan%20chhaya.htm|publisher=Sangeet Natak Akademi|accessdate=16 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; That it has been named after the villain of the Ramayana. Alternately it has been suggested that it was not named after Rama as he is an incarnation of the god [[Vishnu]] and it would have been inauspicious to refer to him as a shadow.&lt;ref name=&quot;books.google&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Law|first=Jonathan|title=The Methuen Drama Dictionary of the Theatre|year=2011|publisher=Bloomsbury Methuen|location=London|page=415|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tb-OAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA415|isbn=9781408131480}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Puppets==<br /> [[File:Sita, wife of Rama, Ravana Chhaya, Orissa, India - Museu do Oriente - Lisbon, Portugal - DSC06719.JPG|thumb|right|Sita, wife of Rama, Rabana Chhaya]][[Puppet]]s used in Rabana Chhaya are made of [[deerskin]], range from 6 inches to 2 feet in height and are mounted on [[bamboo]] poles. A complete performance requires as many as 700 puppets with multiple puppets being used to depict a diversity of moods for individual characters. Besides these puppets, there are others that set the background and the stock characters of the village barber and his grandson.&lt;ref name=&quot;sangeetnatak&quot; /&gt; The puppets are not coloured, have no joints and have perforations that outline their figures and costumes. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets using a split bamboo stick that runs down the middle of the puppet. The puppeteers magnify the shadows by holding the puppets away from the screen.&lt;ref name=&quot;books.google_a&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Ghosh|first=Sampa|title=Indian Puppets|year=2006|publisher=Abhinav Publications|location=New Delhi|pages=72–72|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iy6_TtXCZjMC&amp;pg=PA473|isbn=9788170174356}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;angul&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=RAVAN CHHAYA|url=http://angul.nic.in/ravanchhaya.htm|accessdate=16 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; These puppets are treated ceremonially, being blessed before they are first used and are cremated and the ashes strewn in a river when they become worn out and unusable.&lt;ref name=&quot;books.google&quot; /&gt; Another feature of the puppets is that the puppet form of Rabana is much larger than that of Rama with greater dramatic impact and casts an impressive shadow on the screen.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Kapoorv|first=Subodh|title=Indian Encyclopaedia, Volume 1|year=2002|publisher=Cosmo Publications|location=Delhi|page=5860|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SDh2WjvLo7gC&amp;pg=PA5860|isbn=9788177552577}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Performances ==<br /> {{Odissi Classical Music sidebar}}Rabana Chhaya performances are held at night, the shadow of the puppets being projected onto a white curtain against the light of an oil lamp. The performance begins with the breaking of a [[coconut]] and with invocations to the [[Hindu gods]] [[Rama]] and [[Ganesha]]. The story of the performance is narrated in prose by a narrator, called gayak, who is accompanied by two singers. The performers traditionally belong to the ''Bhata'' community and the singing is accompanied by musical instruments including {{Transliteration|or|ramatali}} ([[castanets]]), {{Transliteration|or|kabuji}} ([[cymbals]]) and the {{Transliteration|or|[[khanjani]]}}, a kind of tambourine.&lt;ref name=&quot;books.google_a&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;angul&quot; /&gt; The dialogues and the songs in the performance are accompanied by lively, rhythmic music that combines elements of folk and classical [[Odissi music]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Stanton|first=Sarah|title=The Cambridge Paperback Guide to Theatre|year=1996|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|page=305|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ubr35UeE-UQC&amp;pg=PA305|isbn=9780521446549}}&lt;/ref&gt; Performances have little by way of dance or fight sequences, the action being limited by the jointless nature of the puppets, but the dramatic effect is elevated by the use of poetic language, music and the religious themes narrated.&lt;ref name=&quot;angul&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Brandon|first=James R.|title=The Cambridge Guide to Asian Theatre|year=1993|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|page=107|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ttnH5W9qoBAC&amp;pg=PA107|isbn=9780521588225}}&lt;/ref&gt; A full performance takes an entire week with a night each for each of the seven ''kandas'' of the Ramayana but in recent years performances have been shortened to only a few hours duration.&lt;ref name=&quot;books.google_b&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Influence and changes ==<br /> Puppet theatre in [[South East Asia]] is thought to have emerged from India and the Javanese puppet theatre of [[Wayang Theater and Myths|Wayang]] has its origins in the Rabana Chhaya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Varadpande|first=Manohar Laxman|title=History of Indian Theatre, Volume 1|year=1987|publisher=Abhinav Publications|location=New Delhi|page=75|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SyxOHOCVcVkC&amp;pg=PA74|isbn=9788170172215}}&lt;/ref&gt; In recent years it has seen changes in both content and performances with contemporary social and health issues also forming the themes of the performances.&lt;ref name=&quot;newindianexpress&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=From flicker to glow|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/article473130.ece?service=print|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116181836/http://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/article473130.ece?service=print|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 16, 2014|accessdate=16 January 2014|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=22 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; A rare art form, efforts have been made under the [[Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts]], [[Delhi]] to revive and promote it.&lt;ref name=&quot;newindianexpress&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> {{Commons category}}<br /> <br /> * [[Chadar Badar]], puppet art of Santhal people of India<br /> * [[Gopalila]], puppet art of Odisha state of India<br /> * [[Kathputli (puppetry)]], puppet art of Rajasthan state of India<br /> * [[Nokkuvidya pavakali]], puppet art of Kerala state of India<br /> * [[Sakhi kandhei]], string puppet art of Odisha state of India<br /> * [[Shadow play]], shadow puppet art which originated in first millennium BCE in India <br /> * [[Tholpavakoothu]], shadow puppet art of Kerala and Tami Nadu states of India<br /> * [[Tholu bommalata]], shadow puppet art of Andhra Pradesh state of India<br /> * [[Togalu gombeyaata]], shadow puppet art of Karnataka state of India<br /> * [[Wayang]], puppet art of Indonesia inspired by Indian puppetry<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> {{Odia culture}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Puppetry in India]]<br /> [[Category:Performing arts in Odisha]]<br /> [[Category:Shadow play]]<br /> [[Category:Ramayana]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sangamnagar&diff=532576 2025-08-26T10:02:45Z

<p>Jimmy6788: New A Page With Sources</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Village in Maharashtra}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}<br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Sangamnagar<br /> | native_name =<br /> | native_name_lang =<br /> | settlement_type = village<br /> | image_skyline =<br /> | image_alt =<br /> | image_caption =<br /> | etymology =<br /> | pushpin_map = India Maharashtra#India<br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|19.8184777|N|73.1275844|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | coordinates_footnotes =<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = [[India]]<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]<br /> | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br /> | subdivision_name2 = [[Palghar district|Palghar]]<br /> | subdivision_type3 = [[Taluka]]<br /> | subdivision_name3 = [[Vikramgad]]<br /> | established_title =<br /> | established_date =<br /> | founder =<br /> | seat_type = [[Panchayat]]<br /> | seat =<br /> | leader_party =<br /> | leader_title =<br /> | leader_name =<br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | area_total_km2 =<br /> | elevation_m = 79<br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_total = 484<br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym =<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = &lt;!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --&gt;<br /> | postal_code =<br /> | area_code_type = &lt;!-- [[Telephone numbers in India|STD Code]] --&gt;<br /> | area_code =<br /> | blank_name_sec1 = [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]] code<br /> | blank_info_sec1 = 551792<br /> | footnotes =<br /> }}<br /> '''Sangamnagar''' is a village in the [[Palghar district]] of [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]. It is located in the [[Vikramgad]] [[taluka]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://dolr.nic.in/dolr/mpr/revenuevillagedirectorypdf/Maharashtra.pdf |title=Maharashtra villages |publisher=Land Records Information Systems Division, NIC |accessdate=2015-08-17 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095320/http://dolr.nic.in/dolr/mpr/revenuevillagedirectorypdf/Maharashtra.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Demographics ==<br /> <br /> According to the [[2011 census of India]], Sangamnagar has 101 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 58.35%.&lt;ref name=&quot;census_2011&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |+ Demographics (2011 Census)&lt;ref name=&quot;census_2011&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/PCA%20CDB-2721-F-Census.xlsx |title=District census data |work=[[2011 Census of India]] |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations |accessdate=2015-08-17 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! !! Total !! Male !! Female<br /> |-<br /> | Population || 484 || 238 || 246<br /> |-<br /> | Children aged below 6 years || 83 || 41 || 42<br /> |-<br /> | [[Scheduled caste]] || 0 || 0 || 0<br /> |-<br /> | [[Scheduled tribe]] || 466 || 229 || 237<br /> |-<br /> | Literates || 234 || 124 || 110<br /> |-<br /> | Workers (all) || 277 || 140 || 137<br /> |-<br /> | Main workers (total) || 277 || 140 || 137<br /> |-<br /> | Main workers: Cultivators || 97 || 48 || 49<br /> |-<br /> | Main workers: Agricultural labourers || 171 || 86 || 85<br /> |-<br /> | Main workers: Household industry workers || 0 || 0 || 0<br /> |-<br /> | Main workers: Other || 9 || 6 || 3<br /> |-<br /> | Marginal workers (total) || 0 || 0 || 0<br /> |-<br /> | Marginal workers: Cultivators || 0 || 0 || 0<br /> |-<br /> | Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers || 0 || 0 || 0<br /> |-<br /> | Marginal workers: Household industry workers || 0 || 0 || 0<br /> |-<br /> | Marginal workers: Others || 0 || 0 || 0<br /> |-<br /> | Non-workers || 207 || 98 || 109<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Vikramgad taluka}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Villages in Vikramgad taluka]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fourth_Pema_Khandu_ministry&diff=499315 2025-08-18T02:08:22Z

<p>Jimmy6788: Adding Some Details and Citations</p> <hr /> <div>{{Sources exist|date=October 2023}}<br /> <br /> {{Short description|Government of Arunachal Pradesh, India (2019–2024)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}<br /> <br /> {{Infobox government cabinet<br /> | cabinet_type = Ministry<br /> | cabinet_number = 17th <br /> | jurisdiction = [[Arunachal Pradesh]]<br /> | flag =<br /> | flag_border = true<br /> | image =Pema Khandu in July 2016.jpg<br /> | caption = [[Pema Khandu]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Hon'ble]] [[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh]]<br /> | date_formed = 29 May 2019 <br /> | government_head = [[Pema Khandu]] ([[Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP]])<br /> | government_head_title = [[Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh|Chief Minister]]<br /> | state_head = *[[B. D. Mishra]] (until 15 February 2023) <br /> *[[Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik]] (since 16 February 2023)<br /> | state_head_title = [[Governor of Arunachal Pradesh|Governor]]<br /> | members_number = <br /> | former_members_number = <br /> | total_number = <br /> | political_parties = <br /> {{Color box|{{party color|Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP}}|border=silver}} [[Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP]]<br /> | legislature_status = <br /> '''[[Government of Arunachal Pradesh|Government]] (51)'''<br /> :{{Color box|{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}}} [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]] (51)<br /> :*{{Color box|#FF9933}} [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (48)<br /> :*{{colorbox|{{party color|National People's Party (India)}}}} [[National People's Party (India)|NPP]] (2)<br /> :*{{Color box|#CDCDCD}} [[Independent politician|IND]] (1)<br /> '''[[Parliamentary opposition|Opposition]] (1)'''&lt;br&gt;<br /> :{{Color box|#00BFFF}} [[Indian National Congress|INC]] (1)<br /> '''Vacant (8)'''<br /> *{{Color box|#FFFFFF}} Vacant (8)<br /> * [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]<br /> {{Composition bar|51|60|{{party color|[[National Democratic Alliance]]}}|background-color=|border border-color=darkgray|width=|per=1}}<br /> * Opposition<br /> {{Composition bar|1|60|{{party color|Independent politician}}|background-color=|border border-color=darkgray|width=|per=1}}<br /> | opposition_cabinet = <br /> | opposition_party = None<br /> | opposition_leader = Vacant<br /> | election = [[2019 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2019]]<br /> | last_election = <br /> | legislature_term = {{ayd| 29 May 2019| 12 June 2024}}<br /> | budget = <br /> | advice_and_consent1 = <br /> | advice_and_consent2 = <br /> &lt;!-- etc. --&gt;<br /> | incoming_formation = <br /> | outgoing_formation = <br /> | previous = [[Third Pema Khandu ministry]]<br /> | successor = [[Fifth Pema Khandu Ministry]]<br /> |date_dissolved=12 June 2024}}<br /> <br /> This is the Cabinet of the state of [[Arunachal Pradesh]], [[India]] which forms the executive branch of the [[government of Arunachal Pradesh]]. Along with the Chief Minister, there is a Deputy Chief Minister and 10 Cabinet Ministers.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2019-05-29 |title=Pema Khandu sworn-in as Arunachal Pradesh CM |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/pema-khandu-sworn-in-as-arunachal-pradesh-cm/articleshow/69556724.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-07-25 |issn=0013-0389}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cabinet Ministers==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! rowspan = &quot;2&quot; |Sr. No. <br /> ! rowspan = &quot;2&quot; |Name <br /> ! rowspan = &quot;2&quot; |Constituency <br /> ! rowspan = &quot;2&quot; |Portfolio <br /> ! rowspan = &quot;2&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Party<br /> |-<br /> | colspan=&quot;6&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |'''[[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh|Chief Minister]]'''<br /> |-<br /> | 1.<br /> |'''[[Pema Khandu]]'''<br /> |[[Mukto (Assembly constituency)|Mukto]]<br /> |<br /> *General Administration<br /> *Personnel<br /> *Public Works<br /> *'''Other departments not allocated to any Minister.'''<br /> | rowspan=&quot;1&quot; width=&quot;4px&quot; bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Bhartiya Janata Party}}&quot; |<br /> |<br /> |- <br /> | colspan=&quot;6&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |'''[[Government of Arunachal Pradesh|Deputy Chief Minister]]''' <br /> |-<br /> | 2.<br /> |'''[[Chowna Mein]]'''<br /> |[[Chowkham Assembly constituency|Chowkham]]<br /> |<br /> *Finance<br /> *Power<br /> *Non Conventional Energy Resources<br /> *Tax &amp; Excise<br /> *State Lotteries<br /> *Economics &amp; Statistics<br /> | rowspan=&quot;1&quot; width=&quot;4px&quot; bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Bhartiya Janata Party}}&quot; |<br /> |<br /> |- <br /> | colspan=&quot;6&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; |'''[[Government of Arunachal Pradesh|Cabinet Ministers]]''' <br /> |-<br /> | 3.<br /> |'''[[Honchun Ngandam]]'''<br /> |[[Pongchau-Wakka Assembly constituency|Pongchau-Wakka]]<br /> |<br /> *Rural Works<br /> *Science Technology<br /> | rowspan=&quot;10&quot; width=&quot;4px&quot; bgcolor=&quot;{{party color|Bhartiya Janata Party}}&quot; |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |[[Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP]]<br /> |- <br /> | 4.<br /> |'''[[Wangki Lowang]]'''<br /> |[[Namsang Assembly constituency|Namsang]]<br /> |<br /> *Public Health Engineering<br /> *Tirap, Changlang Longding<br /> *Information Technology<br /> |- <br /> | 5.<br /> |'''[[Kamlung Mossang|Kamlun Mossang]]'''<br /> |[[Miao Assembly constituency|Miao]]<br /> |<br /> *Urban Development<br /> *Municipal Administration<br /> *Government Estates<br /> *Civil Supplies Consumer Affairs<br /> *Geology &amp; Mining<br /> |- <br /> | 6.<br /> |'''[[Bamang Felix]]'''<br /> |[[Nyapin Assembly constituency|Nyapin]]<br /> |<br /> *Home Inter State Border Affairs<br /> *Rural Development<br /> *Panchayati Raj<br /> *Parliamentary Affairs<br /> *Information Public Relations<br /> |- <br /> | 7.<br /> |'''[[Alo Libang]]'''<br /> |[[Tuting–Yingkiong Assembly constituency|Tuting–Yingkiong]]<br /> |<br /> *Health<br /> *Family Welfare<br /> *Women Child Development<br /> *Social Justice and Empowerment<br /> *Tribal Affairs<br /> |-<br /> | 8.<br /> |'''[[Tumke Bagra]]'''<br /> | [[Along West Assembly constituency|Along West]]<br /> |<br /> *Industries<br /> *Skill Development<br /> *Textile &amp; Handicrafts<br /> *Trade &amp; Commerce<br /> *Labour &amp; Employment<br /> *Co-operation<br /> |-<br /> | 9.<br /> |'''[[Mama Natung]]'''<br /> |[[Seppa West Assembly constituency|Seppa West]]<br /> |<br /> *Youth Affairs Sports<br /> *Water Resources<br /> *Forests<br /> *Environment Climate Change<br /> |-<br /> |10.<br /> |'''[[Taba Tedir]]'''<br /> |[[Yachuli Assembly constituency|Yachuli]]<br /> |<br /> *Education<br /> *Cultural Affairs<br /> *Indigenous Affairs<br /> |-<br /> | 11.<br /> |'''[[Tage Taki]]'''<br /> |[[Ziro-Hapoli Assembly constituency|Ziro-Hapoli]]<br /> |<br /> *Agriculture<br /> *Horticulture<br /> *Animal Husbandry<br /> *Dairy Development<br /> *Fisheries<br /> |-<br /> | 12.<br /> |'''[[Nakap Nalo]]'''<br /> |[[Nacho Assembly constituency|Nacho]]<br /> |<br /> *Tourism<br /> *Transport<br /> *Civil Aviation<br /> *Land Management<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> '''&lt;big&gt;Ministers by District&lt;/big&gt;'''<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !S.No<br /> !District<br /> !Ministers<br /> !Name of Ministers<br /> |-<br /> |1.<br /> |[[Anjaw district|'''Anjaw''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |2.<br /> |[[Changlang district|'''Changlang''']]<br /> | 1<br /> | <br /> *'''Kamlung Mossang'''<br /> |-<br /> |3.<br /> |[[Dibang Valley district|'''Dibang Valley''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |4.<br /> |[[East Kameng district|'''East Kameng''']]<br /> | 1<br /> | <br /> *'''[[Mama Natung]]'''<br /> |-<br /> |5.<br /> |[[East Siang district|'''East Siang''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |6.<br /> |[[Kamle district|'''Kamle''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |7.<br /> |[[Kra Daadi district|'''Kra-Daadi''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |8.<br /> |[[Kurung Kumey district|'''Kurung Kumey''']]<br /> |1<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Bamang Felix]]'''<br /> |-<br /> |9.<br /> |[[Lepa Rada district|'''Lepa Rada''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |10.<br /> |[[Lohit district|'''Lohit''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |11.<br /> |[[Longding district|'''Longding''']]<br /> |1<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Honchun Ngandam]]'''<br /> |-<br /> |12.<br /> |[[Lower Dibang Valley district|'''Lower Dibang Valley''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |13.<br /> |[[Lower Siang district|'''Lower Siang''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |14.<br /> |[[Lower Subansiri district|'''Lower Subansiri''']]<br /> |2<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Taba Tedir]]'''<br /> *'''[[Tage Taki]]'''<br /> |-<br /> |15.<br /> |[[Namsai district|'''Namsai''']]<br /> | 1<br /> | <br /> *'''[[Chowna Mein]]'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;([[Government of Arunachal Pradesh|Deputy Chief Minister]])&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |16.<br /> |[[Pakke-Kessang district|'''Pakke-Kessang''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |17.<br /> |[[Papum Pare district|'''Papum Pare''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |-<br /> |18.<br /> |[[Shi Yomi district|'''Shi Yomi''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |-<br /> |19.<br /> |[[Siang district|'''Siang''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |-<br /> |20.<br /> |[[Tawang district|'''Tawang''']]<br /> | 1<br /> | <br /> *'''[[Pema Khandu]]'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;([[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh|Chief Minister]])&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |21.<br /> |[[Tirap district|'''Tirap''']]<br /> |1<br /> |<br /> *'''[[Wangki Lowang]]'''<br /> |-<br /> |22.<br /> |[[Upper Siang district|'''Upper Siang''']]<br /> | 1<br /> | <br /> *'''[[Alo Libang]]'''<br /> |-<br /> |23.<br /> |[[Upper Subansiri district|'''Upper Subansiri''']]<br /> | 1<br /> | <br /> *'''[[Nakap Nalo]]'''<br /> |-<br /> |24.<br /> |[[West Kameng district|'''West Kameng''']]<br /> | -<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> |25.<br /> |[[West Siang district|'''West Siang ''']]<br /> | 1<br /> | <br /> *'''[[Tumke Bagra]]'''<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Arunachal Pradesh ministries]]<br /> [[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party state ministries of Arunachal Pradesh|Pema Khandu IV]]<br /> [[Category:2019 establishments in Arunachal Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Cabinets established in 2019]]<br /> [[Category:State cabinet ministers of Arunachal Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:2019 in Indian politics]]<br /> [[Category:Cabinets disestablished in 2024]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanyakumari_(disambiguation)&diff=508380 2025-08-05T14:18:11Z

<p>Jimmy6788: created new bio w/ refs.</p> <hr /> <div>{{wikt|Kanyakumari}}<br /> '''Kanyakumari''' may refer to:<br /> <br /> * [[Kanyakumari]] (or ''Cape Comorin''), a town in Tamil Nadu, India<br /> ** [[Kanniyakumari (Lok Sabha constituency)]]<br /> ** [[Kanyakumari (State Assembly Constituency)]]<br /> * [[Kanyakumari District]], a district of Tamil Nadu, India<br /> * [[Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary]], one of the protected areas of Tamil Nadu<br /> * [[Devi Kanya Kumari]], tutelary Hindu goddess of the town<br /> ** [[Kanyakumari (film)|''Kanyakumari'' (film)]], Indian Malayalam film released in 1974<br /> ** [[Devi Kanyakumari (film)|''Devi Kanyakumari'' (film)]], Indian Malayalam film released in 1974<br /> * [[A. Kanyakumari]], a female Carnatic music violinist from Chennai<br /> * [[Kanyakumari (restaurant)]], a restaurant in New York City<br /> <br /> {{Disambig}}</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aetashaa_Sansgiri&diff=484747 2025-07-30T20:29:30Z

<p>Jimmy6788: started new stub - done</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian television actress (born 1994)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Aetashaa Sansgiri<br /> | image =<br /> | image_size = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_name = Aetasha Sansgiri<br /> | birth_date = <br /> | birth_place = <br /> | alma_mater = <br /> | spouse = <br /> | relatives = <br /> | occupation = {{hlist|Actress|model}}<br /> | years_active = 2018–present<br /> | known for = {{ubl|''[[Star Pravah|Choti Malkein]]''|''[[Punyashlok Ahilyabai]]''|''Kaali Maati''|''[[Vishu (film)|Vishu]]''}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Aetashaa Sansgiri''' is an Indian actress and model who primarily works in [[Marathi language|Marathi]] and [[Television in India|Hindi]] television along with [[Marathi cinema|Marathi]] films. Sansgiri is best known for her portrayal of [[Ahilyabai Holkar]] in [[Sony TV]]'s [[historical drama]] series ''[[Punyashlok Ahilyabai]]''.<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> Sansgiri made her acting debut in 2018 with the [[Marathi language|Marathi]] serial ''Choti Malkin''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ganpati Special: Choti Malkin to telecast a Mahasangam episode |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/ganpati-special-three-tv-shows-to-telecast-a-mahasangam-episode/articleshow/65766229.cms#_ga=2.191125736.371373835.1649395149-1705283101.1649395149 |date=11 September 2018 |work=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; She played the role of Revati opposite Akshar Kothari. The show ended in 2019. In 2019, she appeared as Annapurneshawari, in her web debut series, ''Majhya Mitrachi Girlfriend''.<br /> <br /> She played [[Yamai Temple|Yamai Devi]] in Marathi serial, ''Dakkhancha Raja Jyotiba'' from 2020 to 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aetashaa Sansgiri to play Yamai in Dakhhancha Raja Jyotiba |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/aetashaa-sansgiri-to-play-yamai-in-dakhhancha-raja-jyotiba/articleshow/79740924.cms#_ga=2.212450518.371373835.1649395149-1705283101.1649395149 |date=15 December 2020 |work=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; She also played Saara in her Hindi web debut series, ''Chal Yaar Goa Chalte Hain''. It released on Viral Kekda and [[MX Player]].<br /> <br /> Sansgiri made her film debut in 2021, with the [[Marathi cinema|Marathi]] film ''Kaali Maati'' as Pooja opposite Omprakash Shinde. She then appeared in the short film ''An Unusual Day'' as a thief.<br /> <br /> Sansgiri made her [[Hindi]] TV debut ''[[Punyashlok Ahilyabai]]'' in 2021. Since 2021, she is portraying [[Ahilyabai Holkar]] opposite Gaurav Amlani which proved as a major turning point in her career and earned her recognition.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Punyashlok Ahilyabai: Aetashaa Sansgiri roped in to essay the titular role of Ahilyabai Holkar |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/tv/hindi/punyashlok-ahilyabai-aetashaa-sansgiri-roped-in-to-essay-the-titular-role-of-ahilyabai-holkar/videoshow/85277579.cms |date=12 August 2021 |work=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> She portrayed Teela in the 2022 Marathi film ''[[Vishu (film)|Vishu]]'', alongside [[Gashmeer Mahajani]] and [[Mrinmayee Godbole]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Gashmeer Mahajani and Mrinmayee Godbole starrer Vishu trailer is out, also stars Aetashaa Sansgiri |url=https://m.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/the-trailer-of-gashmeer-mahajani-and-mrinmayee-godbole-starrer-vishu-is-out-52796.amp |date=22 March 2022 |work=Filmfare}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ''[[Times of India]]'' reviewer complimented her performance.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Vishu Movie Review: A decent attempt that falters with on screen execution; Great chemistry of the leads and Aetashaa holds your attention in her brief role |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/movie-reviews/vishu/movie-review/90730124.cms |date=8 April 2022 |work=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Since January 2024, she is seen portraying Nivedita in ''Nivedita Majhi Tai'' opposite Ashok Phal Desai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aetashaa Sansgiri and Ashok Phal Desai set to feature in new show Nivedita Majhi Tai |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/aetashaa-sansgiri-and-ashok-phal-desai-set-to-feature-in-new-show-nivedita-majhi-tai/articleshow/106087578.cms |date=18 December 2023 |work=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Filmography==<br /> ===Films===<br /> *''All films are in Marathi unless otherwise noted.''<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Title<br /> ! Role<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Notes<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Ref.<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|2021<br /> | ''Kaali Maati''<br /> | Pooja<br /> | <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | ''An Unusual Day''<br /> | Thief <br /> | [[Hindi language|Hindi]] film<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|2022<br /> | ''[[Vishu (film)|Vishu]]''<br /> | Teela<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Daagadi Chawl 2]]''<br /> | Poorva Patil<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Television ===<br /> *''All shows are in Marathi unless otherwise noted.''<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Title<br /> ! Role<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Notes<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Ref.<br /> |-<br /> | 2018–2019<br /> | ''Choti Malkin''<br /> | Revati<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Choti Malkein: Actress Aetashaa Sansgiri shares her first acting experience |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/choti-malkein-actress-aetashaa-sansgiri-shares-her-first-acting-experience/articleshow/63595135.cms |date=3 April 2018 |work=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2020<br /> | ''[[Raja Rani Chi Ga Jodi]]''<br /> | Vibha<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2020–2021<br /> | ''Dakkhancha Raja Jyotiba''<br /> | [[Yamai Temple|Yamai Devi]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2021–2023<br /> | ''[[Punyashlok Ahilyabai]]''<br /> | [[Ahilyabai Holkar]]<br /> | Hindi show<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2024<br /> | ''Nivedita Majhi Taai''<br /> | Nivedita<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Web series===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Title<br /> ! Role<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Notes<br /> ! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Ref.<br /> |-<br /> | 2019<br /> | ''Majhya Mitrachi Girlfriend''<br /> | Annapurneshawari<br /> | Marathi series <br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Majhya Mitrachi Girlfriend review : फ्रेंडशिप, सेक्स अन् मित्राला धोका |url=https://www.lokmat.com/marathi-cinema/majhya-mitrachi-girlfriend-epissode-1-review-friendship-sex-and-friendship-risk/amp/ |date=14 May 2019 |work=Lokmat}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2020<br /> | ''Chal Yaar Goa Chalte Hain''<br /> | Saara<br /> | Hindi series <br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chal Yaar Goa Chalte Hain: Five corporate working people and their trip to Goa |url=https://www.mxplayer.in/show/watch-chal-yaar-goa-chalte-hain-series-online-92e3d2e1c725b0325180a4022f2ce7b0 |date=30 September 2020 |work=MX Player}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Awards and nominations==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> |+<br /> |-<br /> ! Year <br /> ! Award <br /> ! Category <br /> ! Work<br /> ! Result <br /> ! Ref.<br /> |-<br /> |rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|2022<br /> |rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[Gold Awards]]<br /> |[[Gold Award for Best Actress in a Lead Role|Best Actress in a Leading Role]]<br /> |rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|''[[Punyashlok Ahilyabai]]''<br /> |{{nom}}<br /> |rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.goldawards.in/ |access-date=13 August 2022 |work=Gold Awards |title=14th Boroplus Gold Awards, 2022: Check Out The List Of Nominees |language=en |archive-date=13 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220713002551/https://www.goldawards.in/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |[[Gold Award for Debut in a Lead Role (Female)|Debut in a Lead Role - Female]]<br /> |{{nom}}<br /> |-<br /> |Best Onscreen Jodi (with Gaurav Amlani)<br /> |{{nom}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[List of Hindi television actresses]]<br /> *[[List of Indian television actresses|Actresses in Marathi television]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb name|nm10509797}}<br /> * {{Instagram|aetashaa}}<br /> {{Portal bar|India|Biography|Television|Film}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Sansgiri, Aetashaa}}<br /> [[Category:1994 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses from Mumbai]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Marathi cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Indian web series actresses]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Marathi television]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Hindi television]]<br /> [[Category:Indian soap opera actresses]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=2024_Lonavala_waterfall_tragedy&diff=483238 2025-07-16T20:40:41Z

<p>Jimmy6788: </p> <hr /> <div>{{infobox event<br /> | title = 2024 Lonavala waterfall tragedy<br /> | date = {{start date and age|2024|6|30|df=y}}<br /> | place = [[Lonavala]], [[Maharashtra]], India<br /> | coordinates = <br /> | reported deaths = 5<br /> | reported injuries = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''2024 Lonavala waterfall tragedy''' occurred on June 30, 2024, when five people, including four children, were swept away by sudden flooding near a [[waterfall]] close to [[Bhushi Dam]] in [[Lonavala]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=5 from a Pune family drown in Lonavala waterfall |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/five-feared-drowned-waterfall-lonavalas-bhushi-dam-9424280/ |newspaper=Indian Express |date=2 July 2024 |access-date=3 July 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Lonavala waterfall mishap: Family of 5, including 2 minors die by drowning in Bhushi Dam. Video |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/lonavala-waterfall-mishap-three-of-a-pune-family-drown-2-kids-missing-11719796442437.html |newspaper=Mint |date=1 July 2024 |access-date=3 July 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Tragedy==<br /> On the day of the incident, 16–17 family members from Sayyad Nagar in [[Pune]]’s [[Hadapsar]] area were having a [[picnic]] near the waterfall. The group trekked about 2 km up the hilly area adjacent to the Bhushi Dam.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Watch: Waterfall trip turns tragic as 5 picnickers drown in Pune’s Bhushi Dam near Lonavala|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/waterfall-trip-turns-tragic-as-5-drown-near-lonavala-dam/articleshow/111387136.cms |newspaper=Times of India |date=1 July 2024 |access-date=3 July 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Due to intense rainfall, the water level rose suddenly, catching the picnickers off guard. Ten people were swept away by the strong currents, but five were rescued by nearby villagers and official rescuers.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=One Of Two Children Found After Drowning In Waterfall In Maharashtra's Pune During Picnic |url=https://news.abplive.com/news/india/one-of-two-children-found-after-drowning-in-waterfall-in-maharashtras-pune-during-picnic-1609308 |newspaper=ABP Live |date=1 July 2024 |access-date=4 July 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Response and safety measures==<br /> Following the incident, the Pune district administration imposed prohibitory orders at several popular picnic spots, including Bhushi Dam and the Pavana Dam, to ensure the safety of tourists. These orders were effective from July 2 to July 31, 2024.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Lonavala waterfall tragedy: Prohibitory orders imposed at picnic spots in Pune|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/maharashtra/lonavala-waterfall-tragedy-prohibitory-orders-imposed-at-picnic-spots-in-pune-3090561 |newspaper=Deccan Herald |date=3 July 2024 |access-date=3 July 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=After Lonavala waterfall tragedy, Pune administration comes up with safety measures for tourists|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/lonavala-waterfall-tragedy-pune-administration-issues-guidelines-for-tourists/cid/2030927 |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=2 July 2024 |access-date=4 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Additional safety measures include the deployment of [[Lifeguard|lifeguards]], installation of warning signs, and strict monitoring of visitor activities in hazardous areas.<br /> <br /> ==Public reaction==<br /> The tragedy led to widespread grief and raised concerns about the safety of popular [[Tourist attraction|tourist destinations]] in the region. Locals and [[Tourism in Maharashtra|tourists]] alike called for better safety infrastructure and more stringent regulations to prevent such incidents in the future.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Tragic waterfall mishap at Lonawala raises concerns about safety|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/maharashtra/tragic-waterfall-mishap-at-lonawala-raises-concerns-about-safety-3087806 |newspaper=Deccan Herald |date=1 July 2024 |access-date=3 July 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The incident also prompted discussions on [[social media]] about the responsibility of tourists to heed safety warnings and the need for authorities to enforce safety protocols more rigorously.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:History of Pune district]]<br /> [[Category:June 2024 in India|Lonavala]]<br /> [[Category:2024 in Maharashtra|Lonavala]]<br /> [[Category:Deaths by drowning in India]]<br /> [[Category:2024 disasters in India|Lonavala waterfall tragedy]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Noamundi&diff=522382 2025-05-31T14:27:36Z

<p>Jimmy6788: New.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}<br /> &lt;!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details --&gt;{{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Noamundi<br /> | native_name = <br /> | native_name_lang = <br /> | other_name = <br /> | nickname = <br /> | settlement_type = census town<br /> | image_skyline = Noamundi in West Singhbhum (Jharkhand).svg<br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_caption = <br /> | pushpin_map = India Jharkhand#India3<br /> | pushpin_label_position = right<br /> | pushpin_map_alt = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Jharkhand, India<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|22.15|N|85.53|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[Jharkhand]]<br /> | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br /> | subdivision_name2 = [[West Singhbhum district]]<br /> | established_title = &lt;!-- Established --&gt;<br /> | established_date = <br /> | founder = King Noamunda sangura<br /> | named_for = Noamunda<br /> | government_type = <br /> | governing_body = <br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | area_footnotes = <br /> | area_rank = <br /> | area_total_km2 = <br /> | elevation_footnotes = <br /> | elevation_m = 487<br /> | population_total = 126994<br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_rank = 99.9%<br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym = <br /> | population_footnotes = <br /> | demographics_type1 = Languages<br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | demographics1_info1 = [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Ho language|Ho]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language|English]]<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = &lt;!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --&gt;833218<br /> | postal_code = 833218,833217<br /> | registration_plate = JH<br /> | website = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> '''Noamundi''' is a [[census town]] in [[West Singhbhum district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Jharkhand]]. It is also an administrative block. It is a mining town located close to the [[Odisha]] border. It lies near [[Jamshedpur]] and {{convert|64|km|0|abbr=on}} from [[Chaibasa]]. Nearby towns include Padapahar, [[Barajamda]], [[jagannathpur-Parulia|jagannathpur]], [[Kharsawan]], [[Gua, Jharkhand|Gua]] and [[Kiriburu]].<br /> <br /> ==Overview==<br /> The major produce of this mine is [[iron ore]] (including blue dust). The mines are run by the [[Tata Steel]] and most of the residents of this town are employed by this company. In the recent past a lot of private mine-owners have also set up shop in and around the town. A [[Pelletizing]] Plant of [[Tata Steel]] to convert blue dust to pellets, suitable for use in blast furnace functioned here from 1972 to 1986 but was closed down because it was not economically viable . The town is the right on the border of Jharkhand and [[Odisha]] with some of the iron-mines spanning the two states. The portion of iron mining area of Noamundi in the state of [[Odisha]] is called Katamati.<br /> <br /> Legend has it that when the first iron ore explorers came to this region, they were amazed to find the local tribal population ([[Adivasis]]) using iron axes. When the explorers asked the tribals where they had found the ore, they pointed to a hill nearby and called it Noamundi, which literally means 'that hill' in their language. The native tribal are known as [[Ho people]] and their language is also known by the same name, [[Ho language|Ho]].<br /> <br /> In spite of the commodity boom across the world over the last couple of years and the consequent effect of this on the area around Noamundi, the trickle down effect of this boom on the local Adivasi population has been negligible. [[Illegal mining]] thrives and is the rule rather than the exception. The result is the increased popularity of the Naxalite movement in this area and in greater Jharkhand.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Geography==<br /> Noamundi is located at {{Coord|22.15|N|85.53|E|}}.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/38/Noamundi.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Noamundi]&lt;/ref&gt; It has an average elevation of 487&amp;nbsp;metres (1597&amp;nbsp;feet).<br /> Noamundi is located in the heart of [[Saranda forest]], which is the densest deciduous forest of Asia. 'Saranda' in the local tribal language means 'The land of 700 hills'. The administrative boundary of the Saranda reserve forest, however, lie a few kilometres away.<br /> Along with dense [[forest cover]] Noamundi, is highly resourceful region. The place is rich in iron ore hematite and Indian multinations like TATA STEEL operate in this region. Apart from forest cover and mining belt, Noamundi has a diversified population, inside the TATA STEEL township people for various regions of India can be found, apart from that being the border of orissa and jharkhand, two most resourceful states of India cultural flavor of both the states can be seen here. With the scenic view of forest cover and hills of saranda forest this region is developing fast.<br /> <br /> ==Demographics==<br /> {{As of|2011}} India [[census]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&amp;state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&amp;state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; Noamundi had a population of 126,994. Noamundi has an average literacy rate of 78%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 95%, and female literacy is 82%. In Noamundi, 57% of the population is under 6 years of age and 79% of the population is under in Adult.<br /> <br /> ==Transport==<br /> Noamundi is a station on the [[Tatanagar–Barbil section]] of [[Howrah-Tatanagar-Rajkharswan-Barbil line]] 126 kms from Tatanagar station. There is a Jan Shatabdi express which connects Noamundi to Tatanagar and Howrah. There is another intercity express train that connects Noamundi to the holy city of Puri. Being at the border of two of the most naturally rich states in india, the town is very well connected both through rail and road networks.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Kolhan Division}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Mining communities in India]]<br /> [[Category:Cities and towns in West Singhbhum district]]</div>

Jimmy6788 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chaudhry_Hamid_Hameed&diff=460282 2025-05-24T12:59:38Z

<p>Jimmy6788: expanded content</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Pakistani politician}}<br /> {{Infobox officeholder<br /> | name = Chaudhry Hamid Hameed<br /> | honorific-suffix = <br /> | image = <br /> | office = Member of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]]<br /> | term_start = 13 August 2018<br /> | term_end = 10 August 2023<br /> | constituency = [[NA-90 (Sargodha-III)]]<br /> | term_start1 = 1 June 2013<br /> | term_end1 = 31 May 2018<br /> | constituency1 = [[Constituency NA-66|NA-66 (Sargodha-III)]]<br /> | nationality = Pakistani<br /> | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1972|3|2|df=y}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Sargodha]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]<br /> | party = [[Awaam Pakistan|AP]] (2025-present)<br /> | native_name = {{nq|چوہدری حامد حمید}}<br /> | otherparty = [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|PMLN]] (2018-2024)<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Chaudhry Hamid Hameed''' ({{Langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|چوہدری حامد حمید}}}}; born 2 March 1972) is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] from August 2018 till August 2023. Previously he was a member of the National Assembly from June 2013 to May 2018.<br /> <br /> ==Early life==<br /> <br /> He was born on 2 March 1972.&lt;ref name=&quot;pildat/dob&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Detail Information|url=http://www.pildat.org/mna/rsDetail.asp?detid=66|website=www.pildat.org|publisher=PILDAT|accessdate=26 April 2017|url-status=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140421150737/http://www.pildat.org/mna/rsDetail.asp?detid=66|archivedate=21 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Political career==<br /> He served as Mayor of Sargodha.&lt;ref name=&quot;dawn/22sept2002&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> He ran for the seat of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] as a candidate of [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] (PML-N) from [[Constituency NA-66|Constituency NA-66 (Sargodha-III)]] in the [[2002 Pakistani general election]] but was unsuccessful.&lt;ref name=&quot;dawn/22sept2002&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Clans continue to hold sway on Sargodha politics|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/58493|accessdate=26 March 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=23 September 2002|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327080801/https://www.dawn.com/news/58493|archivedate=27 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Same old faces in Sargodha|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/54164|accessdate=26 March 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=25 August 2002|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327080839/https://www.dawn.com/news/54164|archivedate=27 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; He received 29,496 votes and lost the seat to [[Tasneem Ahmed Qureshi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2002 election result|url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf|publisher=ECP .|accessdate=24 February 2018|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126141507/https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf|archivedate=26 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He ran for the seat of National Assembly as a candidate of PML-N from Constituency NA-66 (Sargodha-III) in the [[2008 Pakistani general election]] but was unsuccessful.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Sargodha City News|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/244164-sargodha-city-news|accessdate=26 March 2017|work=www.thenews.com.pk|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327080533/https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/244164-sargodha-city-news|archivedate=27 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; He received 65,020 votes and lost the seat to Tasneem Ahmed Qureshi. In the same election, he ran for the seat of the [[Provincial Assembly of the Punjab]] as an independent candidate from [[Constituency PP-33 (Sarghoda-VI)|Constituency PP-33 (Sargodha-VI)]] but was unsuccessful. He received 236 votes and lost the seat to [[Chaudhry Abdul Razzaq Dhillon]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2008 election result|url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf|publisher=ECP|accessdate=24 February 2018|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105060230/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf|archivedate=5 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He was elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PML-N from Constituency NA-66 (Sargodha-III) in the [[2013 Pakistani general election]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=SC reinstates PML-N Sargodha lawmaker|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1257610/sc-reinstates-pml-n-sargodha-lawmaker|accessdate=4 March 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=11 May 2016|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305192222/https://www.dawn.com/news/1257610/sc-reinstates-pml-n-sargodha-lawmaker|archivedate=5 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=First democratic transition: National Assembly members sworn in - The Express Tribune|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/557429/first-democratic-transition-national-assembly-members-sworn-in/|accessdate=4 March 2017|work=The Express Tribune|date=1 June 2013|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305191938/https://tribune.com.pk/story/557429/first-democratic-transition-national-assembly-members-sworn-in/|archivedate=5 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Impressive turnout: Seventy-two National Assembly members-elect bag 20% of total votes - The Express Tribune|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/550995/impressive-turnout-seventy-two-national-assembly-members-elect-bag-20-of-total-votes/|accessdate=4 March 2017|work=The Express Tribune|date=18 May 2013|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305114127/https://tribune.com.pk/story/550995/impressive-turnout-seventy-two-national-assembly-members-elect-bag-20-of-total-votes/|archivedate=5 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=List of candidates from Sargodha, Sahiwal|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/426199-list-of-candidates-from-sargodha-sahiwal|accessdate=4 March 2017|work=www.thenews.com.pk|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305113602/https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/426199-list-of-candidates-from-sargodha-sahiwal|archivedate=5 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; He received 133,085 votes and defeated [[Mumtaz Kahloon]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2013 election result|url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202013%20report/Election%20Report%202013%20Volume-II.pdf|publisher=ECP|accessdate=12 May 2018|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201140612/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202013%20report/Election%20Report%202013%20Volume-II.pdf|archivedate=1 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; During his tenure as Member of the National Assembly, he served as the Federal Parliamentary Secretary for Kashmir Affairs and Gilgit Baltistan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title='Punjab Budget 2015-16 to bring prosperity in province'|url=http://www.brecorder.com/2015/06/13/245644/punjab-budget-2015-16-to-bring-prosperity-in-province/|accessdate=23 August 2017|work=Business Recorder|date=13 June 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823165029/http://www.brecorder.com/2015/06/13/245644/punjab-budget-2015-16-to-bring-prosperity-in-province/|archivedate=23 August 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PML-N from Constituency [[NA-90 (Sargodha-III)]] in the [[2018 Pakistani general election]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Ch Muhammad Hamid Hameed of PML-N wins NA-90 election |url=https://www.app.com.pk/ch-muhammad-hamid-hameed-of-pml-n-wins-na-90-election/ |accessdate=3 August 2018 |work=Associated Press Of Pakistan |date=27 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|30em}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Hameed, Chaudhry Hamid}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Pakistan Muslim League (N) MNAs]]<br /> [[Category:Politicians from Punjab, Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Pakistani MNAs 2013–2018]]<br /> [[Category:1972 births]]<br /> [[Category:Pakistani MNAs 2018–2023]]<br /> <br /> {{MuslimN-MNA-stub}}</div>

Jimmy6788