Draft:Virendra Mohan Dar

2026-09-15T07:57:37Z

J1234QWE: Submitting draft for review

{{AfC submission|||ts=20260915075737|u=J1234QWE|ns=118}} 
{{Infobox royalty
| birth_date = 1758-09-14
| image = File:ویرِندرا واسودِو موهان دار.png
| caption = Claude-Sterling Oil painting of the ''Maharaja at 26'', c. 1784
| birth_name = Virendra Vasudev Mohan Dar
| birth_place = Akhnoor
| clan_name = House of Dar
| coronation = 1771
| death_date = 1821-02-03
| death_place = Dhaka, Bangladesh
| dynasty = Dar
| father = Ramhari Dar
| house = Dar
| house-type = Royalty, Jagirdari
| name = Virendra Mohan Dar
| occupation = Businessman and Jagirdar
| reign = 1771-1821
| religion = Kashmiri Pandit
| royal house = Dar
| spouse = 4
| successor = Raja Mukund Mohan Dar
| title = King and Founder of Dar Raj
}}

[[Maharaja]] '''Virendra Vasudev Mohan Dar''' (Persian- ویرِندرا واسودِو موهان دار), also known as [[Raja]] Virendra Mohan Dar, was the founder of the Dar Raj and a Kashmiri Pandit [[Raja|Maharaja]], Jagirdar and the [[king]] of Dar and Nannar from 1771 until his death in 1821.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=eUy3EQAAQBAJ&pli=1|title=Mahārāja Vīrendra Mohan Dār of Akhnūr|last=Mukherjee|first=Ramesh Chandra|date=1987-07-21|publisher=Nīldhôni Prokāśônā|year=1987|location=Calcutta|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/dar-raj-dhar-raj-of-akhnur-and-dhaka|title=Dar Raj (Dhar Raj) of Akhnur and Dhaka|last=Nalinikanta Bhattacharya|date=1938-04-18}}</ref>

== Early Life and Education ==
Virendra Mohan Dar was born on 14 September 1758, in Akhnoor, Kashmir. He completed his education, in [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Sanskrit]], [[English language|English]] and [[Mathematics]] under [[Kashmiri people|kashmiri pandits]] such as Pt. Madhussudan Kaul.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mx7iEQAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en&source=newbks_fb&redir_esc=y|title=The Raja of Dar- Life and Legacy of Virendra Vasudev of Dar- ویرِندرا واسودِو موهان دار|last=BL|first=Jitendranath Ghose|date=1931-07-21|publisher=Bridgebit Printing Works, Bowbajaar, Calcutta 1931|year=1931|pages=21, 22, 23|language=en}}</ref>

== Accession ==
During the reign of [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]], he was formally conferred the title of [[Maharaja]] and was coronated in 1771. His role is considered significant in the political and social history of [[Kashmir]].<ref name="KashmirHistory">Khan, Mohammad Ishaq (2004). ''History of Medieval Kashmir''. Srinagar: Gulshan Books. pp. 312–314.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=3uW4EQAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en&source=newbks_fb&redir_esc=y|title=وِرینٛدر موہن دار|last=Mukherjee|first=Ramesh|date=1979-12-06|publisher=Banwara Publishing|language=ar|year=1979}}</ref> The death of [[Ahmad Shah Durrani|Ahmed Shah Durrani]] in 1772 resulted in the decline of the [[Durrani Empire]] due to which the Dar [[Royal family|Raj]] eventually lost power in Akhnoor and the [[Kashmir Valley|Cashmere Valley]], hence they shifted to [[Bengal]] (Now [[Bangladesh]]).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mx7iEQAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en&source=newbks_fb&redir_esc=y|title=The Raja of Dar- Life and Legacy of Virendra Vasudev of Dar- ویرِندرا واسودِو موهان دار|last=BL|first=Jitendranath Ghose|date=1931-07-21|publisher=Bridgebit Printing Works, Bowbajaar, Calcutta 1931|year=1931|pages=54, 58, 59|language=en}}</ref>
==Shift to Bengal==
Virendra Mohan constructed the Dhar Rajbari at ''Char Talibari'', in the Rajrajeshwar area of [[Bengal]] (Now [[Bangladesh]]), at a cost of 2 million rupees. Later, due to severe erosion by the [[Padma River]], the palace was completely destroyed. He then built the 250 room Dhar Zamindar Palace at Jalsin, Nannar Village in Dhamrai at a cost of 3 million rupees, which is also known as Nannar Rajbari.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=3uW4EQAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en&source=newbks_fb&redir_esc=y|title=وِرینٛدر موہن دار|last=Mukherjee|first=Ramesh|date=1979-12-06|publisher=Banwara Publishing|language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=m9C8EQAAQBAJ&pg=PT63&dq=Virendra+Mohan+Dar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiq693olrySAxV_XWwGHTYnOksQ6AF6BAgPEAM#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=ZAMĪNDĀRS OF EARLY BAṄGĀL AND EAST PĀKISTĀN AND DECLINE OF ZAMĪNDĀR SYSTEM|last=Badal|first=M. N. C.|date=1949-06-11|publisher=Baṅgāl Granthālaya Prakāśan|language=en}}</ref>

== Death and Legacy ==
Virendra Mohan Dar is mentioned in various historical texts and records, where he is identified as one of the influential local rulers of Kashmir during the [[Durrani Empire|Durrani]] period. He died in 1821 of [[cancer]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/History_of_Muslim_Civilization_in_India/ciBuAAAAMAAJ|title=History of Muslim Civilization in India and Pakistan: A Political and Cultural History|last=Ikram|first=Sheikh Mohamad|date=1989|publisher=Institute of Islamic Culture|isbn=978-969-469-001-8|pages=201–202|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Kash%C4%ABr_Being_a_History_of_Kashmir_from/ImRDAAAAYAAJ|title=Kashīr, Being a History of Kashmir from the Earliest Times to Our Own|last=Sufi|first=G. M. D.|date=1974|publisher=Light & Life Publishers|pages=85–86|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Historical_Abstracts/pc4LAQAAMAAJ|title=Historical Abstracts: Modern history abstracts, 1775–1914. Part A|date=1988|publisher=American Bibliographical Center, CLIO|pages=69, 70, 98|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Census_of_India_1931/TaDUb97q6GwC|title=Census of India, 1931|last=Commissioner|first=India Census|date=1933|publisher=Manager of Publications|pages=186, 188|language=en}}</ref> His son, [[Raja]] Mukund Mohan Dar, was coronated the following year.

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

Manik Ram Basu

2026-09-15T07:53:20Z

J1234QWE: added info

{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[Maharaja]]
| name = Manik Ram Basu
| honorific_suffix =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = bn
| image = File:Maharaja Manik Ram Basu Painting on Jute 1899 of Manikgunj.jpg
| caption =
| other_names = Raja Manik Ram Basu
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = Zamindar
| known_for = Founder of the [[Manikganj Raj]] and [[Hatkhola Raj]]
| title = Maharaja
| spouse =
| children = Ram Hari Basu
| parents =
| dynasty =
}}

'''Maharaja Manik Ram Basu''' (also known as '''[[Raja]] Manik Ram Basu''') was the founder of the Manikganj Raj, which later became known as the Hatkhola royal family. He was one of the most influential zamindars of Bengal, and under his rule the estate achieved significant administrative and territorial expansion.<ref>Bose, Ramesh (1847). ''The Legacy of Maharaja Ishwar Ram Basu: A Historical Analysis''. Calcutta: Eastern Heritage Press.</ref><ref>Chatterjee, Sourav (1853). "Darpanarayan Basu and the Bengal Aristocracy: Political and Social Influence". ''Dhaka Historical Review''. '''7''' (2): 115–132.</ref>

== History ==
Under the leadership of Maharaja Manik Ram Basu, the Manikganj Raj included extensive areas of present-day Barishal, Manikganj, [[Dhaka]], and [[Jessore]] regions. He was known as an efficient administrator and a powerful zamindar, and the estate he founded later emerged as one of the major zamindari powers in Bengal.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sircar |first=Mahendranath |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Life_of_Peary_Churn_Sircar_a_Recast/cXspQrmWmKsC?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Raja%20Manik%20Basu%20Hatkhola |title=Life of Peary Churn Sircar, a Recast |year=1914 |language=en}}</ref>

After the death of Manik Ram Basu, the estate was administered by his son Ram Hari Basu and later by his grandson [[Raja]] Ishwar Ram Basu from the [[Hatkhola]] region. From this period onward, the estate became more widely known as the Hatkhola Raj.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dutt |first=Haradhan |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Sek%C4%81lora_%C5%9Biksh%C4%81guru/wrj9AnHL-XIC?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%20%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%20%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE |title=Sekālera Śikshāguru |publisher=Tuli-kalama |year=1978 |language=bn}}</ref>

== Family ==
Raja Ishwar Ram Basu had four daughters, out of which Kailashkamini was married to [[Peary Charan Sarkar]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mitra |first=Rādhāramaṇa |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Kalik%C4%81t%C4%81_darpa%E1%B9%87a/hWdXAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%20%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%20%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE |title=Kalikātā-darpaṇa |publisher=Subarṇarekhā |year=1980 |isbn=978-81-86263-48-8 |language=bn}}</ref> The grand-daughter of Peary Charan Sarkar, Princess Amiyabala was married to Raja Dhirendra Mohan Dhar of the Dar Raj.

== See also ==
* [[Peary Charan Sarkar]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Bengali zamindars]]
[[Category:Year of death missing]]

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Draft:Virendra Mohan Dar

Manik Ram Basu