Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Pooja Thakur

2023-10-09T06:30:39Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Create medal winner

{{Merge |Pooja Thakur (kabaddi)|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox sportsperson
| name = Pooja Thakur
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| fullname =
| nationality = [[India]]n
| residence =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| height =
| weight =
| country =
| sport = [[Kabaddi]]
| event =
| pb =
| club =
| coach =
| alma_mater =
| retired =
| olympics =
| highestranking =
| show-medals = yes
| medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Women's [[Kabaddi]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Kabaddi at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2022 Asian Games|2022 Hangzhou]]|[[Kabaddi at the 2022 Asian Games – Women|Women's team]]}}
}}

'''Pooja Thakur''' is an [[India]]n [[kabaddi]] player.<ref>{{cite news|title=Asian Games 2023: Pawan Sehrawat, Naveen Kumar headline Indian men’s kabaddi team - full squad|publisher=olympics.com|date=25 August 2023|url=https://olympics.com/en/news/indian-national-kabaddi-team-asian-games-2023-squad-list|access-date=7 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=एशियाड में दम दिखाएगी बिलासपुर की पूजा |url=https://www.amarujala.com/shimla/pooja-thakur-will-play-asiyad-games |access-date=2023-10-09 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref> She was part of the team that won the gold medal in the [[Kabaddi at the 2022 Asian Games – Women|2022 Asian Games]].<ref>{{cite report|url=https://info.hangzhou2022.cn/resAG2022-/pdf/AG2022-/KAB/AG2022-_KAB_C73_KABWTEAM7-------------FNL-000100--.pdf|title=Asian Games Results|publisher=Asian Games, Hangzhou 2022|date=2 October 2023|access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=India vs Chinese Taipei, Kabaddi Highlights, Asian Games 2023: IND Women beat TPE to win gold; 100th medal secured |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/asian-games/india-chinese-taipei-live-score-kabaddi-final-asian-games-2023-ind-vs-tpe-match-updates-highlights-hangzhou-2022/article67391669.ece|access-date=7 October 2023}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Thakur, Pooja}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian kabaddi players]]
[[Category:Female kabaddi players]]
[[Category:Asian Games gold medalists for India]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 2022 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Asian Games medalists in kabaddi]]
[[Category:Kabaddi players at the 2022 Asian Games]]

Nidhi Sharma

2023-10-09T06:26:24Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Create medal winner

{{Infobox sportsperson
| name = Nidhi Sharma
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| fullname =
| nationality = [[India]]n
| residence =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1997|5|2|df=yes}}
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| height =
| weight =
| country =
| sport = [[Kabaddi]]
| event =
| pb =
| club =
| coach =
| alma_mater =
| retired =
| olympics =
| highestranking =
| show-medals = yes
| medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Women's [[Kabaddi]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Kabaddi at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2022 Asian Games|2022 Hangzhou]]|[[Kabaddi at the 2022 Asian Games – Women|Women's team]]}}
}}

'''Nidhi Sharma'''(born 2 May 1997) is an [[India]]n [[kabaddi]] player.<ref>{{cite news|title=Asian Games 2023: Pawan Sehrawat, Naveen Kumar headline Indian men’s kabaddi team - full squad|publisher=olympics.com|date=25 August 2023|url=https://olympics.com/en/news/indian-national-kabaddi-team-asian-games-2023-squad-list|access-date=7 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Athlete's Profile |url=https://info.hangzhou2022.cn/en/results/kabaddi/athlete-profile-n2010564-sharma-nidhi.htm |access-date=7 October 2023 |website=2022 Asian Games, Hangzhou}}</ref> She was part of the team that won the gold medal in the [[Kabaddi at the 2022 Asian Games – Women|2022 Asian Games]].<ref>{{cite report|url=https://info.hangzhou2022.cn/resAG2022-/pdf/AG2022-/KAB/AG2022-_KAB_C73_KABWTEAM7-------------FNL-000100--.pdf|title=Asian Games Results|publisher=Asian Games, Hangzhou 2022|date=2 October 2023|access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=India vs Chinese Taipei, Kabaddi Highlights, Asian Games 2023: IND Women beat TPE to win gold; 100th medal secured |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/asian-games/india-chinese-taipei-live-score-kabaddi-final-asian-games-2023-ind-vs-tpe-match-updates-highlights-hangzhou-2022/article67391669.ece|access-date=7 October 2023}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sharma, Nidhi}}
[[Category:1997 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian kabaddi players]]
[[Category:Female kabaddi players]]
[[Category:Asian Games gold medalists for India]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 2022 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Kabaddi players at the 2022 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Asian Games medalists in kabaddi]]

Majlis Al-Noor

2023-10-09T05:31:37Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Majlis Al-Noor

#REDIRECT [[Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (of EK Sunnis)]]

Navy Master Chief Petty Officer

2023-10-09T05:29:28Z

Indiajanshaktiparty:

{{unreliable sources|date=October 2023}}

{{refimprove|date=October 2023}}
{{short description|Senior enlisted member of the Indian Navy}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{For|the Royal Navy equivalent|Warrant Officer of the Naval Service}}
{{For|the USN equivalent|Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy}}
{{For|the RAN equivalent|Warrant Officer of the Navy}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Navy Master Chief Petty Officer
| body =
| native_name =
| insignia =
| insigniasize =
| insigniacaption =
| flag =
| flagsize =
| flagborder =
| flagcaption =
| image = File:Navy MCPO.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt =
| incumbent = Dilbahadur Chhetri, MCERA I
| acting =
| incumbentsince = 29 June 2023
| department = {{Navy|India}}
| style =
| type = Advisor
| status =
| abbreviation = Navy MCPO
| member_of =
| reports_to = [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]]
| residence =
| seat =
| nominator =
| appointer = Chief of the Naval Staff
| appointer_qualified =
| termlength =
| termlength_qualified =
| constituting_instrument =
| precursor =
| formation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2022|05|01}}
| first = Rajendra Kumar Behera, MCPO I
| last =
| abolished =
| succession =
| unofficial_names =
| deputy =
| salary =
| website =
}}

The '''Navy Master Chief Petty Officer''' ('''Navy MCPO''') is a unique [[Non-commissioned officer|non-commissioned]] position of office of the [[Indian Navy]]. The holder of this position is the most senior rating of the Indian Navy, equivalent to the Indian Air Force Master Warrant Officer (IAF MWO).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-09 |title=Indianised and gender-neutral designations in the navy soon |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indianised-and-gender-neutral-designations-in-the-navy-soon-101696822592802.html |access-date=2023-10-09 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>

The Navy MCPO is appointed by the [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]] (CNS) to foster seamless communication between CNS and sailors. The current Navy MCPO is Dilbahadur Chhetri, MCERA I.

==Origin==
The first Navy MCPO was appointed by the 25th [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]] [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]] [[R. Hari Kumar]]. Rajendra Kumar Behera, MCPO I was appointed the first Navy MCPO on 1 May 2022.<ref>{{cite web |title=https://twitter.com/PIBBhubaneswar/status/1520766557797847042 |url=https://twitter.com/PIBBhubaneswar/status/1520766557797847042 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=8 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
The appointment of a senior enlisted leader serving as advisor to the CNS was to ensure seamless integration, effective communication and drive the change for a future-proof Indian Navy.<ref>{{cite web |title=https://twitter.com/indiannavy/status/1520759285629612033 |url=https://twitter.com/indiannavy/status/1520759285629612033 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=8 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref> The Navy MCPO holds the crucial mantle of fostering seamless communication between the CNS and sailors.<ref name=NavyMCPO/>

==Insignia==
The Navy MCPO retains their rank and wear the insignia of Master Chief Petty Officer. In addition, they were the [[aiguillette]]s presented by the CNS.<ref name=NavyMCPO>{{cite web |title=Adm R Hari Kumar CNS presented aiguillettes to Dilbahadur Chhetri, MCERA I {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://indiannavy.nic.in/content/adm-r-hari-kumar-cns-presented-aiguillettes-dilbahadur-chhetri-mcera-i |website=indiannavy.nic.in |access-date=8 October 2023}}</ref>

==Navy MCPOs==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|- style="background:#cccccc"
! scope="col" style="width: 20px;" | S.No
! scope="col" style="width: 100px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 200px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 100px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Assumed office
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Left office
! scope="col" style="width: 200px;" | Notes
|-
|-
| 1
|[[File:Rajendra Kumar Behera MCPO I.png|center|frameless|158x158px]]
|Rajendra Kumar Behera
|MCPO I
|1 May 2022
|30 June 2023
|First Navy MCPO.<ref>{{cite web |title=https://twitter.com/DDNewsOdia/status/1521103753205919744 |url=https://twitter.com/DDNewsOdia/status/1521103753205919744 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=8 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 2
|[[File:Navy_MCPO.jpg|center|frameless|158x158px]]
|Dilbahadur Chhetri
|MCERA I
|30 June 2023
|Present
|Current Navy MCPO.<ref>{{cite web |title=https://twitter.com/IN_INSShivaji/status/1674347283201286146 |url=https://twitter.com/IN_INSShivaji/status/1674347283201286146 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |access-date=8 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|}

==References==
<references />

{{Indian Navy}}
{{Senior Enlisted Advisor}}

[[Category:Indian Navy appointments]]
[[Category:Indian Navy personnel]]

{{improve categories|date=October 2023}}

Abhilasha (actress)

2023-10-09T05:18:31Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Created page with '{{expansion}} '''Abhilasha''' is an Indian actress from Karnataka, who was active in the South Indian film industry, especially in the Malayalam cinema in the late 1980s. Known for erotic roles, she was a key figure in the Malayalam softcore film genre of her time and acted in about nearly 40 Malayalam films. She got a breakthrough with ''Adipapam'' (1988), which is regarded as the fir...'

{{Short description|Indian actress}}
{{Other uses|Abhilasha (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Abhilasha
| image =
| caption =
| birth_place = [[Karnataka]], India
| birth_date =
| birth_name =
| occupation = {{hlist|Actress}}
| party =
| yearsactive = 1988–1992
| other_names =
}}

'''Abhilasha''' is an Indian actress from [[Karnataka]], who was active in the [[Cinema of South India|South Indian film industry]], especially in the [[Malayalam cinema]] in the late 1980s. Known for her [[Sex in film|erotic]] roles, Abhilasha was a key figure in the [[Malayalam softcore pornography|Malayalam softcore films]] of her time.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Mar 9, 2009 |title=Former sleaze queen's smart move |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/former-sleaze-queens-smart-move/articleshow/22198962.cms |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=Bangalore Mirror |language=en}}</ref> She acted in about nearly 40 Malayalam softcore films and is considered as one of the forerunners of this genre in Malayalam. She got her breakthrough with ''[[Adipapam]]'' (1988), which is regarded as the first successful Malayalam film with [[Softcore pornography|softcore]] [[nudity]]. Other than Malayalam, Abhilasha has also acted in around 80 films in [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]], [[Kannada cinema|Kannada]], [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]] and [[Hindi cinema|Hindi]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannanur |first=Sunil |date=2019-10-22 |title=ബി ഗ്രേഡ്‌ സിനിമകളും ചില കാണാക്കാഴ്ചകളും – Part 1 {{!}} PravasiExpress |url=https://www.pravasiexpress.com/behind-b-grade-movies-detailed-study-part-1/ |access-date=2023-10-07 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Biography==
Abhilasha entered the film industry as a teenager in the 1987 [[Malayalam softcore pornography|Malayalam softcore]] film ''Jungle Boy''. In 1988, she got her breakthrough with ''[[Adipapam]]'' (Original sin) directed by [[P. Chandrakumar]]. In this Malayalam softcore film set against the backdrop of the [[Bible]], she also appeared nude.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sarkar |first=Urbee |date=2018-10-05 |title=[VoxSpace Selects] The Sex Quotient : Women In The South Indian Soft Porn Industry |url=https://www.voxspace.in/2018/10/05/south-indian-soft-porn-industry/ |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=VoxSpace |language=en-US}}</ref> Regarded as the first successful Malayalam softcore film with nudity, it was commercially successful at the box office and grossed ₹2.5 crore against a budget of ₹7.5 lakh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=rediff.com, Movies: Sleaze time, folks! |url=https://m.rediff.com/entertai/2001/jan/24mallu.htm |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=m.rediff.com}}</ref> The success of Adipapam made her one of the most sought B-grade actress of that time. Many soft porn films came in Malayalam in later years with Abhilasha as heroine.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mini |first=Darshana Sreedhar |date=2016 |title=The Spectral Duration of Malayalam Soft-porn: Disappearance, Desire, and Haunting |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0974927616667971 |journal=BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies |language=en |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=127–150 |doi=10.1177/0974927616667971 |issn=0974-9276 |via=}}</ref> P. Chandrakumar then directed six films such as ''Kalpana House'', ''Rathibhavam'' with Abhilasha as the heroine. Most of these films were successful at the box office. Abhilasha is believed to have quit acting in the early 1990s with her marriage to Kannada film director Kabiraj among the other reasons.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-03 |title=അഭിലാഷ - Abhilasha {{!}} M3DB.COM |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203061312/https://m3db.com/artists/53860 |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{{incomplete list|date=October 2023}}
{{colbegin}}
* Jungle Boy (1987)<ref name=m3db>{{cite web |url=https://www.m3db.com/artists/53860 |title=അഭിലാഷ |publisher=m3db.com |date=2015-01-29 |accessdate=2017-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203061312/https://m3db.com/artists/53860 |archivedate=2019-12-03 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
* Naranatattu (1988)<ref name=m3db/>
* [[Adipapam]] (1988)<ref name=m3db/>
* Kananasundari (1988)<ref name=msidb/>
* [[Layanam]] (1989)<ref name=m3db/>
* Kalpana House (1989)<ref name=m3db/>
* Rathibhavam (1989)<ref name=m3db/>
* Thadavarayile Rajakkanmar (1989)<ref name=m3db/>
* Chuvanna Kannugal (1990)<ref name=m3db/>
* Aalasyam (1990)<ref name=m3db/>
* Enquiry (1990)<ref name=m3db/>
* Rosa I love you (1990)<ref name=msidb>{{cite web |url=http://en.msidb.org/displayProfile.php?category=actors&artist=Abhilasha |title=Profile of Malayalam Actor Abhilasha |publisher=msidb.org |date= |accessdate=2017-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316082655/http://en.msidb.org/displayProfile.php?category=actors&artist=Abhilasha |archivedate=2016-03-16 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
* Mahassar (1991)<ref name=msidb/>
* Vashyam (1991)<ref name=msidb/>
* Kaduva Thoma (1991)<ref name=msidb/>
* Rathachakram (1992)<ref name=msidb/>
{{colend}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abhilasha}}
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Kannada cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Shiv Ram Kushwaha

2023-10-08T09:58:38Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Created page with ''''Shiv Ram Kushwaha''' was an Indian politician and a former member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, who served as the member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly twice. He was elected to 12th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly via 1993 Assembly elections on the ticket of Bahujan Samaj Party from Madhogarh Assembly constituency of Jalaun district of Uttar Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uplegisassembly.gov.in/Members/pdfs/12th_vs_sad...'

{{Infobox officeholder
| name =
| image = File:Shiv Ram Singh Kushwaha.jpg
| image_upright = .6
| caption =
| birth_date =3 February 1946
| birth_place =
| residence = Kasimpur village, [[Jalaun district]]
| office1 = Member of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
|constituency1= Madhogarh Assembly constituency
|term_start1 =1989
| term_end1 =1991
|term_start2 =1993
| term_end2=1996
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| party = [[Bahujan Samaj Party ]]
| otherparty =
| alma_mater =
| parents = Kamta Prasad Kushwaha
| website =
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
| source =
| spouse = Rammurti Devi Kushwaha
| nationality = Indian
| children =
}}
'''Shiv Ram Kushwaha''' (born 3 February 1946) was an Indian politician and a former member of [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]], who served as the member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly twice. He was elected to [[1993 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|12th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] via 1993 Assembly elections on the ticket of [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] from Madhogarh Assembly constituency of [[Jalaun district]] of Uttar Pradesh.<ref name=Up>{{cite web|url=https://uplegisassembly.gov.in/Members/pdfs/12th_vs_sadashya_parichay.pdf#page=407|title=12th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|website=Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|accessdate=5 October 2023}}</ref>

==Life==
Shiv Ram Singh Kushwaha was born to Kamta Prasad Kushwaha on 3 February 1946 in a locality called Baraha in Jalaun district of Uttar Pradesh. In his election affidavit submitted to [[Election Commission of India]] he declares himself to be an adherent of [[Hinduism]] and belonging to an [[Other Backward Class]] family. He held master's degree Sociology and Political Science. On 12 May 1964, after completing her education, he was married to Ram Murti Devi Kushwaha. They had three son and a daughter.<ref name=Up/>

He was working as a lecturer before entering the politics through Bahujan Samaj Party. He was first elected to Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 1989 Assembly elections. This was followed by his re-election in the year 1993 to 12th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. He was also involved in activism for the downtrodden and was imprisoned in [[Lucknow]] and [[Orai|Urai]] prison in the year 1970 and 1981, due to his activism. In 1990, he also served as president of Uttar Pradesh wing of Kushwaha Mahasabha, a caste organisation.<ref name=Up/>

He secured 40,871 votes in 1993 elections and defeated Keshav Singh of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref name=Up/> He also contested in 1991 Assembly elections from this constituency, in which he was defeated by Keshav Singh. However, he made a comeback after defeating Singh in 1993.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/uttar-pradesh/jalaun/news/a-candidate-has-not-won-madhaugarh-assembly-seat-of-jalaun-twice-129291026.html|title=जालौन की माधौगढ़ विधानसभा…यहां कोई लगातार नहीं जीतता:हर बार प्रत्याशी बदल देती है यहां की जनता, क्या भाजपा के मूलचंद इस बार बनाएंगे नया रिकॉर्ड|website=Dainik Bhaskar|accessdate=5 October 2023}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kushwaha, Shiv Ram}}
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 1989–1991]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 1993–1996]]
[[Category:People from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Jalaun district]]
[[Category:Bahujan Samaj Party politicians]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Indian Hindus]]

Gore Lal Shakya

2023-10-08T09:57:32Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Created page with ''''Gore Lal Shakya''' was an Indian politician and a former member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, who was elected to Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 1974 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly elections from Bharthana Assembly constituency of Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh. Shakya was a leader of Indian National Congress (Organisation).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uplegisassembly.gov.in/Members/pdfs/6th_vs_sadashya_parichay.pdf#page=2...'

{{Short description|Former Assembly member in Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|image=File:Gore Lal Shakya.jpg
|image_upright=.6
| office = Member of [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
|constituency=[[Bharthana Assembly constituency]]
|term_start=1974
|term_end=1977
|constituency1=
|term_start1=
|term_end1=
| nationality = [[India]]n
| party = [[Indian National Congress (Organisation)]]
| birth_date = 1939
|spouse=
|birth_place= Etawah district, Uttar Pradesh
}}
'''Gore Lal Shakya''' was an Indian politician and a former member of [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]], who was elected to Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 1974 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly elections from [[Bharthana Assembly constituency]] of [[Etawah district]] of Uttar Pradesh. Shakya was a leader of [[Indian National Congress (Organisation)]].<ref name=Up>{{cite web|url=https://uplegisassembly.gov.in/Members/pdfs/6th_vs_sadashya_parichay.pdf#page=226|title=6th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|website=Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|accessdate=8 October 2023}}</ref>

==Life==
Gore Lal Shakya was born to B.L Shakya (Budh Lal Shakya) in January 1939 in [[Etawah district]] of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. He was a holder of bachelor's degree in Commerce and Law. Most of his education was completed in Etawah and Kanpur and he was married in 1963 to Manorama Shakya. They had two sons and two daughters from the marriage. Shakya was an agriculturist and lawyer before entering politics. He became an Assembly member in Uttar Pradesh for the first time in general elections of 1974 on the ticket of INC (O). He secured 27,297 votes in this election.<ref name=Up/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://myneta.info/up2007/candidate.php?candidate_id=2489|title=Candidate profile|website=Myneta|accessdate=8 October 2023}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shakya, Gore Lal}}
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 1974–1977]]
[[Category:People from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress (Organisation) politicians]]
[[Category:People from Etawah district]]
[[Category:1939 births]]

Priti Jain

2023-10-07T04:14:54Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: US physician

{{short description|American physician}}
{{Notability|1=Biographies|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox academic
| honorific_prefix = 
| name = Priti Jain
| honorific_suffix =
| image =
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| birth_date = 
| birth_place = India
| death_date = 
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| nationality = 
| citizenship = American
| other_names =
| occupation = Physician
| period =
| known_for = Nao Medical
| title =
| boards = 
| spouse = Sandeep Jain
| partner =
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| alma_mater = [[Sawai Man Singh Medical College]]
| thesis_title =
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| era =
| discipline = [[Emergency medicine]] [[Internal medicine]]
| sub_discipline = 
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| notable_students =
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| footnotes =
}}

'''Priti Jain''' is an American physician based in [[New York (state)|New York]], United States who specializes in [[emergency medicine]] and [[internal medicine]].<ref name="auto"/> Her present and past affiliations with medical facilities include [[Long Island Jewish Medical Center]], [[Misericordia Hospital|Montefiore Wakefield Campus]] (formerly Our Lady of Mercy), [[Greenwich Hospital (Connecticut)|Greenwich Hospital]], and The [[Brooklyn Hospital Center]].

==Education==
Jain attended [[Sawai Man Singh Medical College]] in [[Jaipur]], India and graduated in 1994.<ref name="healthgrades">{{Cite web|url=https://www.healthgrades.com/physician/dr-priti-jain-y4jcd|title=Dr. Priti Jain, MD - Emergency Medicine Specialist in Hicksville, NY | Healthgrades|website=www.healthgrades.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref>

==Career==
After graduating from medical college, Jain immigrated to the United States and completed her residency at [[Long Island Jewish Medical Center]] in [[New Hyde Park]], [[Queens, New York City]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sharecare.com/doctor/dr-priti-jain|title=Dr. Priti Jain, MD, Emergency Medicine Specialist - Hicksville, NY|website=Sharecare|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> She specialized in [[emergency medicine]] and [[internal medicine]].

In 2008,<ref>[https://www.inc.com/profile/nao-medical Nao Medical]. ''Inc.com''.</ref> together with Sandeep Jain, she established Nao Medical (formerly known as Statcare Urgent & Walk-in Medical Care<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.healthcare4ppl.com/physician/new-york/hicksville/priti-jain-1780607333.html|title=Dr. Priti Jain - Emergency Medicine, Hicksville NY|website=www.healthcare4ppl.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref><ref>[https://statcarewalkin.com/about-us-dr-priti-jain-urgent-care-provider-near-me/ Statcare Urgent & Walk-in Medical Care].</ref>), a healthcare clinic system originally founded in [[Hicksville, New York]] that now consists of over a dozen total urgent care facilities in [[New York (state)|New York]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://soundcloud.com/kmcradio/featuring-dr-priti-jain-of-nao-medical-on-the-shortages-of-lidocaine-in-medical-offices|title=Featuring Dr. Priti Jain Of NAO Medical On The Shortages Of Lidocaine In Medical Offices|via=soundcloud.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> Nao Medical's total care facilities locations include [[Corona, Queens]]; [[Hunts Point, Bronx]]; [[Stuyvesant Town–Peter Cooper Village|StuyTown, Manhattan]]; [[Baldwin, Nassau County]]; and [[Bay Shore, New York|Bay Shore, Suffolk County]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.steveharveyfm.com/content/2022-10-18-nao-medical-expands-locations-launches-new-services/|title=Nao Medical Expands Locations & Launches New Services|website=The Steve Harvey Morning Show|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> Additionally, she has taught at the Anatomy Lab of the [[Albert Einstein College of Medicine]], among others.

As of 2023, Jain heads Nao Medical<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/gov-kathy-hochul-outlines-steps-new-york-is-taking-to-fight-rsv-flu-and-covid-uptick/|title=Gov. Kathy Hochul outlines steps New York is taking to fight RSV, flu and COVID uptick - CBS New York|date=December 7, 2022|website=www.cbsnews.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> based in [[Mineola, New York]],<ref>[https://health.usnews.com/doctors/priti-jain-472292 Priti Jain]. ''US News''.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.doximity.com/pub/priti-jain-md|title=Dr. Priti Jain, MD – Hicksville, NY | Emergency Medicine on Doximity|website=Doximity|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> and also works in [[Astoria, Queens]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.md.com/doctor/priti-jain-md|title=Priti Jain, MD - Emergency Medicine Specialist in Astoria, NY|website=MD.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.topnpi.com/ny1780607333/dr-priti-jain/ny-1|title=Dr. Priti Jain, 37-15 23Rd Avenue, Astoria NY|website=TopNPI|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> [[Hicksville, New York|Hicksville]], [[Roslyn Heights, New York|Roslyn Heights]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.streetinsider.com/PRNewswire/The+Women+Presidents+Organization+and+Women+Elevating+Women+Recognize+Exceptional+Diverse+Business+Owners+in+Annual+Awards/22175846.html|title=The Women Presidents Organization and Women Elevating Women Recognize Exceptional Diverse Business Owners in Annual Awards|website=StreetInsider.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> [[Brooklyn]], and [[Bronx]], New York City.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vitals.com/doctors/Priti_Jain.html|title=Dr. Priti Jain, MD | Hicksville, NY | Emergency Medicine|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> In 2023, Jain received an award from the Women Presidents Organization for her service to the community.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.women-presidents.com/news-events/entrepreneurial-women-of-impact-awards/|title=WPO | Entrepreneurial Women of Impact Awards|website=www.women-presidents.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nao-medical-ceo-priti-jain-105600549.html|title=Nao Medical CEO, Priti Jain, MD, Named 2023 Entrepreneurial Woman of Impact for Community Service|date=October 4, 2023|website=Yahoo Finance|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/the-women-presidents-organization-and-women-elevating-women-recognize-exceptional-diverse-business-owners-in-annual-awards-301931171.html|title=The Women Presidents Organization and Women Elevating Women Recognize Exceptional Diverse Business Owners in Annual Awards|first=Women Presidents|last=Organization|website=www.prnewswire.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref>

Jain and her husband have also been interviewed by ITV Gold,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Oq1LhqLkqQ|title=Dr. Priti Jain on COVID-19 Impact & Social Distancing - Long Island - New York|via=www.youtube.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> Asia TV, [[CBS]],<ref name="auto"/> [[News 12 Networks|News 12]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://longisland.news12.com/gov-hochul-declares-state-disaster-emergency-in-response-to-current-monkeypox-outbreak|title=Gov. Hochul declares state disaster emergency in response to current monkeypox outbreak|website=News 12 - Long Island|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref> and other news channels in New York City and [[Long Island]].

==Affiliations and memberships==
Jain's affiliations include the following:

*[[Greenwich Hospital (Connecticut)|Greenwich Hospital]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://doctor.webmd.com/doctor/priti-jain-956f2f88-79eb-4ced-8685-cb29d779627b-overview|title=Dr. Priti Jain, MD, Emergency Medicine | Hicksville, NY | WebMD|website=doctor.webmd.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref>
*[[Misericordia Hospital|Montefiore Wakefield Hospital]]<ref name="healthgrades"/>

Jain is a member of the Women Presidents Organization, [[Urgent Care Association of America]], [[American Academy of Environmental Medicine]], and the [[American Association of Physicians of Indian Origin]]. Jain's memberships include:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://naomedical.com/press-release/dr-priti-awarded-2022-notable-health-care-leader-nyc/|title=Nao Medical Founder & Co-CEO, 2022 Notable Health Care Leader|website=Nao Medical|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref>

*[[Urgent Care Association of America]]
*[[American Academy of Environmental Medicine]]
*[[American Association of Physicians of Indian Origin]]
*[[American College of Emergency Physicians]]
*[[Society for Academic Emergency Medicine]]
*[[Emergency Medicine Residents Association]]
*[[American College of Physicians]] ([[American Society of Internal Medicine]])
*[[American Medical Association]]

Jain is also active in [[East Williston Union Free School District]]'s Board Of Education committees<ref name="auto1">[https://ewsdonline.org/pdfs/School_Board/Minutes//2017-2018_BOE_Minutes/2017-11-07_Educational_Advisory_Committee_Minutes.pdf Educational Advisory Committee Minutes, November 7, 2017]. ''East Williston Union Free School District''.</ref><ref name="auto1"/> and helped facilitate [[Diwali]] and [[Eid al-Fitr|Eid]] school holidays in the district.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.longisland.com/news/03-14-17/hindu-diwali-declared-holiday-ny-east-williston-school-district.html|title=Hindu Diwali Declared Holiday in New York’s East Williston School District | LongIsland.com|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.highereddive.com/press-release/20180511-new-yorks-east-williston-school-district-closes-schools-on-diwali/|title=New York’s East Williston School District closes schools on Diwali|website=Higher Ed Dive|access-date=2023-10-05}}</ref>

==Selected publications==
*1994. "Influence of cessation of smoking in long-term survival in CHD." Gupta R, Gupta KD, Kasliwal Priti; ''Ann. Natl. Acad. Med. Sci.'' 30(1): 1–8.
*1992. "Influence of mild to moderate treated HTN on the 9-11 year mortality in patients with pre-existing CHD." Gupta R, Gupta KD, Kasliwal Priti; ''J Hum. Hypert.'' 6(4): 313–316.

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jain, Priti}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century American physicians]]
[[Category:21st-century Jains]]
[[Category:American Jains]]
[[Category:People from Hicksville, New York]]

Fatima

2023-10-02T18:20:27Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: new

{{Short description|Daughter of Muhammad (c. 605–632)}}
{{about|Muhammad's daughter|other people named Fatima|Fatima (given name)|the town in Portugal|Fátima, Portugal|the Marian apparition|Our Lady of Fátima|other uses|Fatima (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox person
|name = Fatima
|honorific_suffix = al-Zahra
|image = FatimaalZahra (cropped).jpg
|caption = {{midsize|Artwork with Fatima's name, reconstruction from a [[Safavid Iran|Safavid]] piece}}
|birth_date = 605 or 612/15 {{small|(disputed)}}
|birth_place = [[Mecca]], [[Hejaz]], [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabia]]
|death_date = 632
|death_place = [[Medina]], [[Rashidun Caliphate]]
|resting_place = Medina, Hejaz
|title = {{Collapsible list|titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title=List of titles
|||al-Zahra ({{lit|the radiant}})
|al-Siddiqa ({{lit|the righteous}})
|al-Muhadditha ({{lit|the one spoken to by angels}})
|Umm Abiha ({{lit|mother of her father}})
|Sayyidat Nisa al-Janna ({{lit|mistress of the women of [[Jannah|paradise]]}})
|[[Sayyidat Nisa al-Alamin]] ({{lit|mistress of the women of the worlds}})
}}
|spouse = [[Ali]]
|children =
*[[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan]]
*[[Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn]]
*[[Muhsin ibn Ali|Muhsin]]
*[[Zaynab bint Ali|Zaynab]]
*[[Umm Kulthum bint Ali|Umm Kulthum]]
|parents = {{plainlist|
*[[Muhammad]]
*[[Khadija bint Khuwaylid|Khadija]]}}
|relatives =
}}
{{Shia Islam|Ahl al-Kisa}}
'''Fāṭima bint Muḥammad''' ({{lang-ar|فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد|}}, 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as '''Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ''' ({{lang|ar|فَاطِمَة ٱلزَّهْرَاء}}), was the daughter of the [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]] and his wife [[Khadija bint Khuwaylid|Khadija]].{{sfn|Campo|2009a|p=230}} Fatima's husband was [[Ali]], the fourth of the [[Rashidun|Rashidun Caliphs]] and the first [[Twelve Imams|Shia Imam]]. Fatima's sons were [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan]] and [[Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn]], the second and third Shia Imams, respectively.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=183}}{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} Fatima has been compared to [[Mary, mother of Jesus|Mary]], mother of [[Jesus]], especially in Shia Islam.{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}}{{sfn|Ernst|2003|p=171}} Muhammad is said to have regarded her as the best of women{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}}{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=249}} and the dearest person to him.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=68}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} She is often viewed as an ultimate archetype for [[Muslims|Muslim]] women and an example of compassion, generosity, and enduring suffering.{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}} It is through Fatima that Muhammad's family line has survived to this date.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=57}}{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=249}} Her name and her epithets remain popular choices for Muslim girls.{{Sfn|Amir-Moezzi|Calmard|1999}}{{sfn|Rogerson|2006|p=42}}

When Muhammad died in 632, Fatima and her husband Ali refused to acknowledge the authority of the first [[Caliphate|caliph]], [[Abu Bakr]]. The couple and their supporters held that Ali was the rightful successor of Muhammad,{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}} possibly referring to his announcement at the [[Ghadir Khumm]].{{Sfn|Amir-Moezzi|2022}} Controversy surrounds Fatima's death within six months of Muhammad's.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=103}} [[Sunni Islam]] holds that Fatima died from grief.{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} In [[Shia Islam]], however, Fatima's (miscarriage and) death are said to have been the direct result of her injuries during a raid on her house to subdue Ali, ordered by Abu Bakr.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}} It is believed that Fatima's dying wish was that the caliph should not attend her funeral.{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=117}}{{Sfn|Kassam|Blomfield|2015|p=212}} She was buried secretly at night and her exact burial place remains uncertain.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=82}}{{Sfn|Klemm|2005|pp=184-5}}
== Name and titles ==
{{See also|Names and titles of Fatima}}
Her most common epithet is ''al-Zahra'' ({{Lit|the one that shines, the radiant}}),{{Sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} which encodes her piety and regularity in prayer.{{Sfn|Ruffle|2011|p=16}} This epithet is believed by the Shia to be a reference to her primordial creation from light that continues to radiate throughout the creation.{{Sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} The Shia [[Ibn Babawayh|Ibn Babawahy]] ({{Died in|991}}) writes that, whenever Fatima prayed, her light shone for the inhabitants of the heavens as starlight shines for the inhabitants of the earth.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=160}} Other titles of her in Shia are al-Ṣiddiqa ({{Lit|the righteous}}),{{Sfn|Rogerson|2006|p=42}} al-Tahira ({{Lit|the pure}}),{{Sfn|Campo|2009a}} al-Mubaraka ({{Lit|the blessed}}),{{Sfn|Campo|2009a}} and al-Mansura ({{Lit|helped by God}}).{{Sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} Another Shia title is al-Muḥadditha, in view of the reports that [[Angels in Islam|angels]] spoke to Fatima on multiple occasions,{{Sfn|Aslan|2011|pp=185-6}}{{Sfn|Ayoub|2011|pp=63, 72}}{{Sfn|Pierce|2016|p=117}} similar to [[Mary, mother of Jesus|Mary]], mother of [[Jesus]].{{Sfn|Ayoub|2011|p=72}}

Fatima is also recognized as Sayyidat Nisa' al-Janna ({{Lit|mistress of the women of paradise}}) and Sayyidat Nisa' al-Alamin ({{Lit|mistress of the women of the worlds}}) in Shia and Sunni collections of hadith, including the canonical Sunni ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' and ''[[Sahih Muslim]]''.{{Sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=249}}

=== Fatima ===
The name Fatima is from the Arabic root f-t-m ({{Lit|to wean}}) and signifies the Shia belief that she, her progeny, and her adherents ({{Transl|ar|shi'a}}) have been spared from hellfire.{{Sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}}{{Sfn|Ayoub|2011|p=213}}{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=6}} Alternatively, the word Fatima is associated in Shia sources with Fatir ({{Lit|creator}}, a name of God) as the earthly symbol of the divine creative power.{{Sfn|Ayoub|2011|p=|pp=212-3}}

=== {{Transl|ar|Kunya}}s ===
A [[Kunya (Arabic)|{{Transl|ar|kunya}}]] or honorific title of Fatima in Islam is Umm Abiha ({{Lit|the mother of her father}}), suggesting that Fatima was exceptionally nurturing towards her father.{{Sfn|Ruffle|2011|p=14}}{{Sfn|Nashat|1983|p=92}}{{Sfn|Abbas|2021|p=55}} Umm al-Aima ({{Lit|the mother of Imams}}) is a {{Transl|ar|kunya}} of Fatima in Twelver sources,{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}} as eleven of the [[Twelve Imams]] descended from her.{{Sfn|Glassé|2001a}}

== Early life ==
{{See also|Muhammad's children}}
Fatima was born in [[Mecca]] to [[Khadija bint Khuwaylid|Khadija]], the first of [[Muhammad's wives]].{{sfn|Campo|2009a|p=230}} The mainstream [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] view is that Khadija gave birth to Fatima in 605 CE, at age fifty, five years before the first [[Wahy|Quranic revelations]].{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=183}} This implies that Fatima was over eighteen at the time of her marriage, which would have been unusual in [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabia]].{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=183}}{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} [[Twelver]] sources, however, report that Fatima was born in about 612 or 615 CE,{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=183}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|pp=|p=33}}{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=5-6}} when Khadija would have been slightly older.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|pp=|p=27}} The report of the Sunni [[Ibn Sa'd]] in his ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kubra'' suggests that Fatima was born when Muhammad was about thirty-five years old.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|pp=|p=27}}

The Sunni view is that Fatima had three sisters, named [[Zaynab bint Muhammad|Zaynab]], [[Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad|Umm Kulthum]], and [[Ruqayyah bint Muhammad|Ruqayyah]], who did not survive Muhammad.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=33}} Alternatively, a number of Shia sources state that [[Zainab bint Muhammad|Zainab]], [[Ruqayyah bint Muhammad|Ruqayyah]], and [[Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad|Umm Kulthum]] were adopted by Muhammad after the death of their mother, Hala, a sister of Khadija.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=33}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}} According to [[Hassan Abbas (scholar)|Abbas]], most Shia Muslims hold that Fatima was Muhammad's only biological daughter,{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=33}} whereas Fedele limits this belief to the Twelver Shia.{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}} Hyder reports that this belief is prevalent among the Shia in [[South Asia]].{{sfn|Akbar|2006|p=75}} Fatima also had three brothers, all of whom died in childhood.{{sfn|Freedman|McClymond|2000|p=497}}{{sfn|Muir|1891|p=5}}{{sfn|Glassé|2001c|p=321}}

Fatima grew up in Mecca while Muhammad and his few followers suffered the ill-treatment of disbelievers.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=40}}{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} On one occasion, she rushed to help Muhammad when filth was thrown over him at the instigation of [[Amr ibn Hishām|Abu Jahl]], Muhammad's enemy and a [[Polytheism|polytheist]].{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=40}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} Fatima lost her mother, Khadija, in childhood.{{sfn|Bodley|1946|p=81}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} When Khadija died, it is said that [[Gabriel]] descended upon Muhammad with a message to console Fatima.{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}}{{Sfn|Kassam|Blomfield|2015}}

== Marriage ==
{{Main|Marital life of Fatima}}
Fatima married Muhammad's cousin, [[Ali]], in [[Medina]] around 1 or 2 [[Islamic calendar|AH]] (623-5 CE),{{Sfn|Kassam|Blomfield|2015}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}} possibly after the [[Battle of Badr]].{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=74}} There is Sunni and Shia evidence that some of the [[Companions of the Prophet|companions]], including [[Abu Bakr]] and [[Umar]], had earlier asked for Fatima's hand in marriage but were turned down by Muhammad,{{Sfn|Klemm|2005|p=186}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=248}} who said he was waiting for the moment fixed by destiny.{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} It is also said that Ali was reticent to ask Muhammad to marry Fatima on account of his poverty.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=55}} When Muhammad put forward Ali's proposal to Fatima, she remained silent, which was understood as a tacit agreement.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{Sfn|Klemm|2005|pp=186-7}} On the basis of this report, woman's consent in marriage has always been necessary in Islamic law.{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=76}} Muhammad also suggested that Ali sell his shield to pay the bridal gift ([[Mahr|{{transl|ar|mahr}}]]).{{sfn|Ruffle|2011|p=19}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}

Muhammad performed the wedding ceremony,{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} and they prepared an austere wedding feast with gifts from other Muslims.{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}}{{sfn|Ruffle|2011|pp=15-6}}{{sfn|Ruffle|2012|p=389}} Shia sources have recorded that Fatima donated her wedding gown on her wedding night.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=56}}{{Sfn|Kassam|Blomfield|2015|p=214}} Later, the couple moved into a house next to Muhammad's quarters in Medina.{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} Their marriage lasted about ten years until Fatima's death.{{Sfn|Kassam|Blomfield|2015|p=211}} Fatima's age at the time of her marriage is uncertain, reported between nine and twenty-one.{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=74}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|pp=33, 56}}{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}}{{sfn|Bodley|1946|p=147}} Ali is said to have been about twenty two.{{sfn|Bodley|1946|p=147}}{{sfn|Nasr|Afsaruddin|2021}}

[[File:The Marriage of 'Ali and Fatima, Iran, ca. 1850.jpg|thumb|The marriage of Ali and Fatima. Artwork created in [[Qajar Iran|Iran]], {{circa|1850}}]]
As with the majority of Muslims, the couple lived in severe poverty in the early years of Islam.{{sfn|Kelen|1975|p=103}}{{sfn|Campo|2009a|p=230}} In particular, both had to do hard physical work to get by.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{Sfn|Klemm|2005|p=189}} Shia sources elaborate that Ali worked at various jobs while Fatima was responsible for domestic chores.{{sfn|Ruffle|2011|pp=23-4}} It has also been related that Muhammad taught the couple a [[Tasbih|{{transl|ar|tasbih}}]] to help ease the burden of their poverty:{{sfn|Ruffle|2011|pp=21, 24}} The [[Tasbih of Fatima]] consists of the phrases {{Transl|ar|Allah-hu Akbar}} ({{Lit|God is the greatest}}), {{Transl|ar|Al-hamdu-lillah}} ({{Lit|all praise is due to God}}), and {{Transl|ar|Subhan-Allah}} ({{Lit|God is glorious}}).{{sfn|Rahim|2014|p=476}} Their financial circumstances later improved after more lands fell to Muslims in the [[Battle of Khaybar]].{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Campo|2009a|p=230}} Fatima was at some point given a maidservant, named Fidda.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}

Following the [[Battle of Uhud]], Fatima tended to the wounds of her father{{sfn|Klemm|2005|p=185}} and regularly visited the graves to pray for those killed in the battle.{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} Later, Fatima rejected [[Abu Sufyan ibn Harb|Abu Sufyan]]'s pleas to mediate between him and Muhammad.{{Sfn|Klemm|2005|p=185}}{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} Fatima also accompanied Muhammad in the [[Conquest of Mecca]].{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}}

=== Significance ===
Among others, the Sunni [[al-Suyuti]] ({{Died in|1505}}) ascribes to Muhammad that, "God ordered me to marry Fatima to Ali."{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=56}}{{sfn|Nasr|Afsaruddin|2021}} According to [[Laura Veccia Vaglieri|Veccia Vaglieri]] and Klemm, Muhammad also told Fatima that he had married her to the best member of his family.{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}}{{Sfn|Klemm|2005|p=187}} There is another version of this hadith in the canonical Sunni collection [[Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal|''Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hanbal'']], in which Muhammad lauds Ali as the first in Islam, the most knowledgeable, and the most patient of the Muslim community.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=59}} [[Hossein Nasr|Nasr]] writes that the union of Fatima and Ali holds a special spiritual significance for Muslims, as it is seen as the marriage between the "greatest saintly figures" surrounding Muhammad.{{sfn|Nasr|Afsaruddin|2021}}

Ali did not marry again while Fatima was alive.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=153}}{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=248}} However, [[al-Miswar ibn Makhrama]], a companion who was nine when Muhammad died, appears to be the sole narrator of an alleged marriage proposal of Ali to [[Amr ibn Hisham|Abu Jahl's]] daughter in Sunni sources. While [[polygyny]] is permitted in Islam, Muhammad reportedly banned this marriage from the pulpit, saying that there can be no joining of the daughter of the prophet and the daughter of the enemy of God (Abu Jahl). He is also said to have praised his other son-in-law, possibly [[Uthman]] or [[Abu al-As]]. Soufi notes that the reference to the third caliph Uthman might reflect the Sunni orthodoxy, in which Uthman is considered superior to his successor Ali.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|pp=51-4}}

Buehler suggests that such Sunni traditions that place Ali in a negative light should be treated with caution as they mirror the political agenda of the time.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}} In Shia sources, by contrast, Fatima is reported to have had a happy marital life, which continued until her death in 11 [[Islamic calendar|AH]].{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=56}} In particular, Ali is reported to have said, "Whenever I looked at her [Fatima], all my worries and sadness disappeared".{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=56}}

=== Appearance ===
The Sunni [[al-Hakim al-Nishapuri]] ({{Died in|1014}}) and al-Khwarazmi ({{Died in|1173}}{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=215}}), and the Shia al-Qadi al-Nu'man ({{Died in|974}}) and al-Tabari al-Shia (eleventh century{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=221}}), have likened Fatima to the full moon, the sun hidden by clouds, or the sun that has come out of the clouds. The first expression is a common metaphor for beauty in Arabic and Persian. The Shia [[Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi|al-Majlesi]] ({{Died in|1699}}) explains that the second expression is a reference to Fatima's chastity, while the third expression refers to her primordial light.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=162}}

Soufi details that Fatima's manners closely resembled Muhammad's.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=68}} Her gait was also similar to the prophet's, according to Veccia Vaglieri, who also argues that Fatima must have enjoyed good health on the account of bearing multiple children, her arduous house chores, and her journeys to Mecca.{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} Her sources are silent about the appearance of Fatima, which leads her to the conclusion, "Fatima was certainly not a beautiful woman".{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} In contrast, the Sunni al-Khwarazmi relates from the prophet that, "If beauty ({{Transl|ar|husn}}) were a person, it would be Fatima; indeed she is greater," while some Shia authors have likened her to a human [[houri|{{Transl|ar|houri}}]].{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=165}}{{Sfn|Amir-Moezzi|Calmard|1999}}

== Events after Muhammad's death ==
{{see also|Succession to Muhammad}}
Fatima was severely bereaved after Muhammad's death in [[Hijri year|A.H.]]{{nbsp}}11/632 [[Common Era|C.E]].{{Sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=79}} Several elegies to Muhammad, attributed to Fatima, have survived and are collected in a [[Diwan (poetry)|{{Transl|ar|diwan}}]] of poetry.{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=249}} At the same time, Fatima also actively contested the succession of Abu Bakr and maintained that [[Ali]] was the rightful successor to Muhammad.{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|pp=248-9}}{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=116}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}} Fatima died within six months of her father and her death at a young age is subject of intense controversy with allegations against Abu Bakr and his ally [[Umar]],{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}} as detailed below.

=== Inheritance ===
{{Main|Fadak|Sermon of Fadak}}
[[Fadak]] was a village located to the north of [[Medina]], at a distance of two days travel.{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} As part of a peace treaty with a [[Jews|Jewish]] tribe, half of the agricultural land of Fadak was considered {{Transliteration|ar|fay}} and belonged to the prophet, in line with verse 59:6 of the Quran.{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} There is some evidence that Muhammad gifted his share of Fadak to Fatima when verse 17:26 was revealed,{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=102}}{{sfn|Ruffle|2011|p=26}} and her agents managed the property when Muhammad was alive.{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} This is the Shia view. Among Sunnis, [[al-Suyuti]] ({{Died in|1505}}) and [[al-Dhahabi]] ({{Died in|1348}}) are of this view, while [[Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani|al-Jurjani]] ({{Died in|1078}}) and [[Ibn Kathir]] ({{Died in|1373}}) are uncertain if the verse was revealed to Muhammad in Medina.{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} The revenue of Fadak largely supported needy travelers, the poor, military expeditions, and Muhammad's family,{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} who were forbidden from receiving general alms.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=50}}

Following Muhammad's death in 632 and early in his [[caliphate]], Abu Bakr is said to have seized Fadak from Fatima{{Sfn|Sajjadi|2021}}{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=18-9}} by evicting her agents, possibly as a show of authority to Muhammad's clan ([[Banu Hashim]]) who had not yet pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr.{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} This is the Shia view. Among Sunnis, the charge of usurpation appears, for instance, in the works of [[Ibn Hajar al-Haytami|Ibn Hajar al-Haythami]] ({{Died in|1566}}) and [[Ibn Sa'd]] ({{Died in|845}}).{{Sfn|Sajjadi|2021}}{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=18-9}}

Among others, the Sunni [[al-Baladhuri]] ({{Died in|892}}) reports that Fatima objected to Abu Bakr, saying that Fadak was a gift from her father. Her husband Ali and a maid at Muhammad's house, named [[Umm Ayman|Umm Aiman]], are reported to have offered their testimonies in support of Fatima.{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} By some accounts, Fatima also brought her two sons as witnesses.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=27}} Abu Bakr, however, did not find their testimonies sufficient to establish the ownership of Fatima,{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} requiring two men or one man and two women as witnesses per Islamic law.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=26}} Khetia adds that Fatima might have expected her closeness with Muhammad to strengthen her case.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=26}} In the same vein, Shias argue the truthful Fatima would have not claimed something which was not hers.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|pp=102-3}} In another account, Abu Bakr agreed to return Fadak to Fatima but was dissuaded by his ally [[Umar]],{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} who tore up the deed written by Abu Bakr.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=101}}

Probably after Abu Bakr rejected Fatima's claim, she demanded her inheritance from the estate of her father.{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} Abu Bakr rejected this too, claiming that Muhammad had disinherited his family.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=50}} More specifically, he maintained that Muhammad had personally told him that prophets do not leave inheritance, and what they leave behind is public property that should be administered by the caliph.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}} Abu Bakr was initially the sole witness to this statement, referred to as the [[hadith of Muhammad's inheritance]].{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=50}}{{sfn|Aslan|2011|p=121}}

In his ''al-Tabaqat al-kubra'', the Sunni traditionist [[Ibn Sa'd]] ({{Died in|845}}) furnishes the hadith of inheritance with two chains of transmission which include numerous prominent [[Companions of the Prophet|companions]] of Muhammad, such as [[Umar]], [[Uthman]], and [[Zubayr ibn al-Awwam|Zubayr]].{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=19, 20}} In particular, he includes in these chains some notable [[Banu Hashim|Hashimites]], such as Ali and [[Ibn Abbas]], who are both known to have vehemently disputed this claim of Abu Bakr in other sources.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=|p=21}}

On the other hand, Soufi holds that Abu Bakr is generally regarded as the only credible narrator of this hadith in Sunni sources, adding that similar reports attributed to other companions have been rejected by Sunnis.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|pp=99, 100}} Along these lines, Sajjadi writes that all (credible) versions of this hadith are narrated from Abu Bakr, his ally Umar, his daughter [[Aisha]], and [[Malik ibn Aus Al-Hadathan]],{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} though some primary sources have disputed whether the last one was a companion of Muhammad.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=20}} Nevertheless, Soufi notes that Abu Bakr's testimony is strong enough for Sunnis to make an exception to the Quranic rules of inheritance.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=100}} Twelvers, however, reject the authenticity of the hadith of inheritance based on their own traditions, pointing also to the contradictions of this hadith with the Quran.{{Sfn|Sajjadi|2021}}

==== Sermon of Fadak ====
In protest, Fatima is said to have delivered a speech at the [[Masjid an-Nabawi|Prophet's Mosque]], known as the [[Sermon of Fadak]],{{sfn|Ruffle|2011|p=25}}{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=249}}{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} Among other sources, this sermon appears in ''[[Balaghat al-nisa']]'', a collection of eloquent speeches by Muslim women,{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=249}}{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=47-9}} though the attribution of this speech to Fatima is rejected by Sunnis.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=47-9}} Fatima is said to have upheld Ali in her speech as the rightful successor to Muhammad.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=107}} She is also reported to have chastised Abu Bakr for denying her inheritance{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=53}}{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}} and accused him of (hadith) fabrication,{{sfn|Sajjadi|2021}}{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=116}} saying that Muhammad could have not contradicted the Quran.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=53}} To support her claim, she is believed to have quoted verse 27:16 of the Quran in which [[Solomon in Islam|Solomon]] inherits from his father [[David in Islam|David]]{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=102}}{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=52}} and verse 19:6 in which [[Zechariah in Islam|Zechariah]] prays for a son who would inherit from him and from the House of [[Jacob in Islam|Jacob]].{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=102}}{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=52}} As reported in ''Balaghat'', Fatima also quoted verses 8:75 and 33:6 about the rights of every Muslim to inheritance.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=|pp=52-3}}{{sfn|Ruffle|2011|pp=15, 26}}

==== Views ====
Abu Bakr terminated the status of purity of Muhammad's kin by forcing them to rely on general alms which the prophet had forbidden for them in his lifetime.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=50}} At the same time, Abu Bakr allowed the prophet's widows to inherit his quarters in Medina. In particular, he granted his daughter [[Aisha]] some properties in the Aliya part of Medina and in Bahrain.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=51}}{{sfn|Aslan|2011|p=121}} By maintaining their status, Abu Bakr might have signaled to the Muslim community that his daughter Aisha and the rest of Muhammad's widows were the true heirs of Muhammad, according to [[Reza Aslan|Aslan]].{{sfn|Aslan|2011|p=122}} [[Wilferd Madelung|Madelung]] holds a similar view.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=50-1}}

Madelung suggests that the caliphate of Abu Bakr was inherently inconsistent with maintaining the privileged status of Muhammad's kin and applying the Quranic rules of inheritance to them.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=50}} As phrased by Mavani, if the [[Banu Hashim]] had inherited Muhammad's material property, then they might have also been expected to inherit the spiritual authority of Muhammad.{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=116}} Similar views are voiced by [[Husain Mohammad Jafri|Jafri]], [[David Samuel Margoliouth|Margoliouth]], [[Mahmoud M. Ayoub|Ayoub]], and Lalani,{{sfn|Jafri|1979|p=47}}{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|pp=104-5}}{{Sfn|Ayoub|2014|pp=21-2}}{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=23}} while El-Hibri does not view the saga of Fadak as a mere financial dispute.{{Sfn|El-Hibri|2010|p=9}} According to Aslan, Abu Bakr's actions are often regarded as a political move to weaken Muhammad's clan and strip his kin from their privileged status.{{sfn|Aslan|2011|p=122}} Aslan also argues that Abu Bakr's efforts were intended to undermine Ali's claim to the caliphate. These efforts, writes Aslan, are partly explained by Abu Bakr's conviction that the caliphate must reside outside of Muhammad's clan and partly by the personal enmity between Abu Bakr and Ali.{{sfn|Aslan|2011|p=122}} Madelung, [[Hassan Abbas (scholar)|Abbas]], and Anthony have noted the poor relations between the two men.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=42, 52, 213, 214}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=94}}{{sfn|Anthony|2013}}

=== Attack on her house ===
{{Main|Attack on Fatima's house}}
[[File:Residence_of_Fatimah.JPG|right|thumb|The location of Fatima's house in the [[Al-Masjid an-Nabawi|Prophet's Mosque]] in Medina, present-day [[Saudi Arabia]]]]

In the immediate aftermath of Muhammad's death in 11/632, the [[Ansar (Islam)|Ansar]] (natives of [[Medina]]) gathered in the [[Saqifah|Saqifa]] ({{Lit|courtyard}}) of the [[Banu Sa'ida|Sa'ida]] clan.{{sfn|Walker|2014|p=3}} The [[conventional wisdom]] is that they met to decide on a new leader for the [[Ummah|Muslim community]] among themselves. For [[Wilferd Madelung|Madelung]], however, the absence of the [[Muhajirun]] (migrants from [[Mecca]]) from this meeting suggests that the Ansar gathered to re-establish the control of the Ansar over their city Medina, under the belief that the Muhajirun would mostly return to Mecca after Muhammad's death.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=31}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=92}}

[[Abu Bakr]] and [[Umar]], both companions of Muhammad, hastened to the gathering upon learning about it.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=92}} After a heated session, in which a chief of the Ansar was likely beaten into submission by Umar, those gathered at Saqifa agreed on Abu Bakr as the new head of the community.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=31-2}} The Saqifa event is said to have excluded Muhammad's family, who were preparing to bury him, and most of the Muhajirun.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=32}}{{sfn|Walker|2014|pp=3-4}}{{sfn|Momen|1985|p=18}} To protest the appointment of Abu Bakr, [[al-Baladhuri]] ({{Died in|892}}) reports that the [[Banu Hashim]] (Muhammad's clan) and some of his companions gathered at Fatima's house.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=31-2}}{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=32}} Among them were Muhammad's uncle [[Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib|Abbas]] and his companion [[Zubayr ibn al-Awam|Zubayr]], according to Madelung.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=32}} The protesters, including Fatima, held that her husband [[Ali]] was the rightful successor to Muhammad,{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018}} possibly referring to Muhammad's announcement at [[Event of Ghadir Khumm|Ghadir Khumm]].{{Sfn|Amir-Moezzi|2022}} Ali is believed to have explained this position to Abu Bakr.{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=116}}{{sfn|Jafri|1979|p=40}}

After the Saqifa affair, Abu Bakr reportedly tasked his ally Umar with securing Ali's pledge of allegiance.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=97}}{{sfn|Jafri|1979|p=40}} As noted by al-Tabari ({{Died in|923}}),'''{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=43}}''' the latter led an armed mob to Ali's residence and threatened to set the house on fire if Ali and his supporters would not pledge their allegiance to Abu Bakr.'''{{sfn|Jafri|1979|p=40}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=249}}{{sfn|Cortese|Calderini|2006|p=8}}''' The scene soon grew violent, and [[Zubayr ibn al-Awam|Zubayr]] was disarmed and carried away.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=43}}{{sfn|Jafri|1979|p=41}} The mob, however, retreated without Ali's pledge after Fatima pleaded with them,{{sfn|Jafri|1979|p=40}} as reported in ''[[Al-Imama wa al-Siyasa|al-Imama wa al-siyasa]].{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=34}}'' Alternatively, al-Baladhuri states that Ali capitulated and pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr immediately after Umar's threat.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=84|pp=}} In contrast, the canonical ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' and ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'' relate that Ali pledged to Abu Bakr after Fatima died.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=86}} Soufi comments that all but one of the traditions cited by al-Tabari and al-Baladhuri do not have chains of transmission that reach back to the time of the conflict.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=85}}

Madelung believes that Abu Bakr later placed a boycott on Ali and, more broadly, on the Banu Hashim to abandon their support for Ali.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=43-4}} As a result, prominent men ceased to speak to Ali, according to a Sunni hadith attributed to [[Aisha]].{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=43-4}} [[Lesley Hazleton|Hazleton]] similarly writes that Ali prayed alone even in the mosque.{{sfn|Hazleton|2009|p=73}} [[Husain Mohammad Jafri|Jafri]] adds that those who initially supported Ali gradually turned and pledged their allegiance to Abu Bakr.{{sfn|Jafri|1979|pp=40-1}} It appears that only his wife Fatima and their four small children remained on his side, writes Hazleton,{{sfn|Hazleton|2009|p=71}} in line with a statement to this effect attributed to Ali in ''[[Nahj al-Balagha|Nahj al-balagha]]''.{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=115}}

====Use of violence====
Umar has been noted for his severity and misogyny,{{sfn|Aslan|2011|p=124}}{{sfn|Hazleton|2009|p=|pp=71, 124}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=97}} especially in Shia sources.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=67}} "Umar's toughness" ({{Transl|ar|shidda}}) is cited in a Sunni tradition by Aisha as the reason Umar was excluded from a supposed attempt at reconciliation between Ali and Abu Bakr.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=52}} Kelen describes an incident of Umar's violence against his sister when she professed Islam (before Umar).{{sfn|Kelen|1975|p=75}} It is uncertain what followed the above altercation at Fatima's house.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=|p=43}}{{sfn|Jafri|1979|pp=40-1}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=97}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}} Shia sources allege that Fatima suffered injuries and miscarriage during a raid on her house led by Umar.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=78}} In particular, Shia alleges that Fatima miscarried her son [[Muhsin ibn Ali|Muhsin]],{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=78}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018}} whose name had been chosen by Muhammad before his death, according to [[Hassan Abbas (scholar)|Abbas]].{{Sfn|Abbas|2021|p=98}} These claims are categorically rejected by Sunnis,{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=98}} who maintain that Muhsin died in infancy of natural causes.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=73}}{{sfn|Glassé|2001a}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}

The allegations of violence and miscarriage appear in some Shia works,{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=78}} including the canonical ''[[Kitab al-Kafi]]'',''{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=70}}'' ''Kamil al-ziyarat'',''{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=72|pp=}} [[Kitab al-Irshad]]'',''{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=75-6}}'' ''[[Tarikh al-Yaqubi|Tarikh al-Ya'qubi]]'',{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=88}} and ''Dala'il al-imama.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=77}}'' Of these, ''Tarikh al-Ya'qubi'' does not mention miscarriage,{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=88}} while ''Kitab al-irshad'' by [[Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid|al-Mufid]] ({{Died in|1022}}) is quiet about any violence.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=75-6}} For the latter, considering that al-Mufid writes about violence against Fatima elsewhere, Khetia suspects that he refrained from controversial topics in his ''Kitab al-Irshad'' to render it accessible to most Twelvers without provoking the anger of Sunnis.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=75-6}} In his ''al-Saqifa wa Fadak'', al-Jawhari ({{Died in|935}}{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=214}}) includes a tradition to the effect that Umar and his men first threatened to set Fatima's house on fire. Then they entered the house, despite her pleas, and forced Ali and his supporters out of the house.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=|pp=84-5}} The remainder of the account in ''al-Imama wa al-siyasa'' describes that Ali was pulled out of his house by force and threatened with death, according to Khetia.''{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=35}}'' [[Mu'awiya I|Mu'awiya]] ({{Reign|661|680}}) is known to have alluded to the violent arrest of Ali in a letter to him before the [[Battle of Siffin]].{{sfn|Hazleton|2009|p=217}}

Madelung is uncertain about the use of force. Still, he notes that there is evidence (in Sunni sources) that Fatima's house was searched. According to Madelung, Ali later repeatedly said that he would have resisted (Abu Bakr) had there been forty men with him.{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|p=43}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=100}} Alternatively, Buehler suggests that the allegations of violence should be treated with caution as they reflect the political agendas of the time.{{Sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}} In contrast, [[Laura Veccia Vaglieri|Veccia Vaglieri]] is of the view that the Shia allegations are based on facts, even if they have been exaggerated.{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} Abbas writes that some well-regarded Sunni sources mention Umar's raid and Fatima's injuries.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=98}} Khetia believes that there are known instances where sensitive information has been censored by Sunni authors, such as the prominent jurist [[Abu Ubaid al-Qasim bin Salam|Abu Ubayd al-Salam]] ({{Died in|837}}), who was possibly concerned with the righteous representation of Muhammad's companions.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=39}} Similar allegations have emerged against al-Tabari and [[Al-Masudi|al-Mas'udi]] ({{Died in|956}}).{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=38}} Along these lines, Lucas and Soufi both note the Sunni tendency to minimize and neutralize the conflicts among companions after Muhammad,{{Sfn|Lucas|2004|p=255-84}}{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=120}} particularly about the Saqifa affair,{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=39}}{{Sfn|Jafri|1979|p=43}}{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=83}} while these conflicts might have been amplified in Shia records.{{Sfn|Jafri|1979|p=43}}

Both al-Tabari and al-Mas'udi note that Abu Bakr regretted the events after Saqifa on his deathbed.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=38}} In particular, al-Tabari states that Abu Bakr wished he had "never opened Fatima's house to anything, even though they had locked it as a gesture of defiance."{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=84}} This appears to have been a sensitive admission that has been censored by the Sunni author Abu Ubayd al-Salam in his ''Kitab al-amwal''.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=39}} Abu Bakr's regret is also cited by the Shia [[Ya'qubi|al-Ya'qubi]] ({{Died in|897-8}}).{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=88}} Sunni sources are nearly unanimous{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=22}}{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=117}} that Ali pledged his allegiance to Abu Bakr after Fatima's death.{{Sfn|Walker|2014|pp=3-4}}{{Sfn|Anthony|2013}} When it became clear that Muslims did not broadly support his cause, Ali is said to have relinquished his claims to the caliphate for the sake of the unity of a nascent Islam,{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=141}}{{sfn|Jafri|1979|p=44}}{{sfn|Momen|1985|pp=19, 20}} which faced internal and external threats, according to Mavani.{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=117}} In particular, Jafri notes that Ali turned down proposals to forcefully pursue the caliphate,{{sfn|Jafri|1979|p=44}} including an offer from [[Abu Sufyan ibn Harb|Abu Sufyan]].{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022b}} In reference to Abu Bakr's caliphate, Madelung writes that a poem later began to circulate among the Banu Hashim ending with, "Surely, we have been cheated in the most monstrous way."{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=37, 38}} Ali forbade the poet to recite it, adding that the welfare of Islam was dearer to him than anything else.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=37-8}}

In sharp contrast with Muhammad's lifetime,{{sfn|Anthony|2013}}{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=117}} Ali is believed to have retired from public life during the caliphates of Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman.{{sfn|Nasr|Afsaruddin|2021}} Anthony describes this change in Ali's attitude as a silent censure of the first three caliphs.{{sfn|Anthony|2013}} While he reportedly advised Abu Bakr and Umar on government and religious matters,{{sfn|Nasr|Afsaruddin|2021}}{{sfn|Poonawala|2011}} the mutual distrust and hostility of Ali with Abu Bakr and Umar is well-documented,{{sfn|Aslan|2011|p=122}}{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=42, 52–54, 213-4}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=94}} though largely downplayed or ignored in Sunni sources.{{Sfn|Jafri|1979|p=45}} Their differences were epitomized during the proceedings of the electoral council in 644 when Ali refused to be bound by the precedence of the first two caliphs.{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=117}}{{sfn|Anthony|2013}} A common Sunni argument is that Ali would have never continued his relations with Umar had the latter organized a raid on Ali's home.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=99}} A typical Shia response is that Ali gave up his rights and exercised restraint for the sake of a nascent Islam, according to Abbas.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|pp=99, 100}}
=== Death ===
Fatima died in 11/632, within six months of Muhammad's death.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=104}} She was 18 or 27 years old at that time according to Shia and Sunni sources, respectively.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=33}} The exact date of her death is uncertain but the Shia commonly commemorates her death on 13 [[Jumada II]].{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=239}} The Sunni belief is that Fatima died from grief after Muhammad's death.{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}} Shia Islam, however, holds that Fatima's injuries during a raid by Umar directly caused her miscarriage and death shortly after.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=98}}

Al-Tabari mentions the suffering of Fatima in her final days.{{Sfn|Abbas|2021|p=103}} Shia traditions similarly describe Fatima's agony in her final days.{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=81}} In particular, the [[Isma'ilism|Isma'ili]] jurist [[Al-Qadi al-Nu'man|al-Nu'man]] similarly reports a hadith from the [[Muhammad al-Baqir|fifth Imam]] to the effect that "whatever had been done to her by the people" caused Fatima to become bedridden, while her body wasted until it became like a specter.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=80}} This hadith seems to contain a reference to Fatima's injuries during the raid.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=80}} [[Mahmoud M. Ayoub|Ayoub]] describes Fatima a symbol of quiet suffering in Islamic piety.{{Sfn|Ayoub|2011|p=24}} In particular, the Twelver Shia believe in the redemptive power of the pain and martyrdom endured by the [[Ahl al-Bayt]], including Fatima, for those who empathize with their divine cause and suffering'''.{{Sfn|Campo|2009a}}{{Sfn|Campo|2004}}'''{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=180}}

Multiple sources report that Fatima never reconciled with Abu Bakr and Umar,{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=52}}{{sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=30-1, 35}}{{sfn|Anthony|2013}}{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=117}} partly based on a tradition to this effect in the canonical Sunni collection ''Sahih al-Bukhari''.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=96}}{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=30-1}} There are some accounts that Abu Bakr and Umar visited Fatima on her deathbed to apologize, which Madelung considers self-incriminatory.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=52}} As reported in ''[[Al-Imama wa al-Siyasa|al-Imama wa al-siyasa]]'',{{sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=35-6}} Fatima reminded the two visitors of Muhammad's words, "Fatima is part of me, and whoever angers her has angered me."{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=103}}{{sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=35-6}} The dying Fatima then told the two that they had indeed angered her, and that she would soon take her complaint to God and His prophet, Muhammad.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=102}}{{sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=25-6}} There are also Sunni reports that Fatima reconciled with Abu Bakr and Umar, though Madelung suggests that they were invented to address the negative implications of Fatima's anger.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=52}}

=== Burial ===
{{See also|Burial of Fatima|}}
[[File:Jannatul-Baqi before Demolition.jpg|thumb|Al-Baqi' cemetery is a probable site for Fatima's grave, depicted here before the demolition of its mausoleums by the [[Wahhabi|Wahhabis]] in 1927.|240x240px]]
Following her will, Ali buried Fatima secretly at night{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=82}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018}} and hid her burial plot.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=82}} According to the Sunni al-Tabari, her dying wish was that Abu Bakr should not attend the funeral,{{Sfn|Kassam|Blomfield|2015|p=212}}{{Sfn|Abbas|2021|p=103}}{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=117}} and this request was fulfilled by Ali.{{Sfn|Aslan|2011|p=122}} Fatima's wish is believed to be at odds with the common practice of Muslims, who are encouraged to join funerals.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=82-3}} In Shia sources, her wish for a secret burial is viewed as a sign of the disassociation of Muhammad's daughter with the Muslim community who largely failed to support her against Abu Bakr.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=83}}

The prominent [[Twelver Shi'ism|Twelver]] traditionist [[Shaykh Tusi|al-Tusi]] ({{Died in|1067}}) reports an account of the burial that vividly describes the suffering of Ali after the death of his wife, attributed to their son [[Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn]].{{Sfn|Khetia|2013|p=83}} [[Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid|Al-Mufid]] ({{Died in|1022}}), another notable Twelver scholar, includes in his ''Ikhtisas'' a related tradition ascribed to [[Ja'far al-Sadiq]], the sixth [[Imamate in Twelver doctrine|Imam]]. This tradition describes that the next morning Abu Bakr and Umar berated Ali for the secret burial of Fatima. After learning that this was Fatima's wish, the account continues that Umar threatened to locate and exhume Fatima's body and then re-bury her after [[Funeral prayer (Islam)|funeral prayer]].{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=86}} According to this account, what prevented Umar from materializing his threat was Ali's warning, "By God, as long as I'm alive and [my sword] [[Zulfiqar]] is in my hands, you will not reach her, and you know best [not to do it]."{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=86}} For Khetia, the interpretation is that the loss of Fatima was so traumatizing for Ali that he threatened Umar with violence for the first time, despite his previous restraint.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|pp=86-7}}

Fatima's exact burial place in Medina remains uncertain,{{Sfn|Klemm|2005|pp=184-5}}{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}}{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=82}} with often contradictory reports.{{Sfn|Amir-Moezzi|Calmard|1999}} The two most probable locations for her grave are the [[al-Baqi']] cemetery and her home, which was later annexed to the [[Al-Masjid an-Nabawi|Prophet's Mosque]].{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=104}}{{sfn|Campo|2009a|p=230}} The former location is reportedly supported by her son [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan's]] wish to be buried next to his mother.{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|p=322}} On the other hand, the Sunni [[Nur al-Din al-Samhudi|al-Samhoodi]] ({{Died in|1533}}) concludes that Hasan is buried next to his grandmother [[Fatimah bint Asad]], rather than his mother Fatima.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://shamela.ws/ |title=وفاء الوفاء vol. 3 |pages=86}}</ref> This uncertainty in Shia sources again underscores Fatima's displeasure with the Muslim community.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=124}}

=== Descendants ===
{{See also|Alids}}

Fatima was survived by two sons, [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan]] and [[Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn]], and two daughters, [[Zaynab bint Ali|Zaynab]] and [[Umm Kulthum bint Ali|Umm Kulthum]].{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} Controversy surrounds the fate of her third son [[Muhsin ibn Ali|Muhsin]]. Some canonical Shia sources report that Muhsin died in miscarriage, following Umar's [[Attack on Fatima's house|raid]] on Fatima's house.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=78}} Alternatively, Sunnis hold that Muhsin died in infancy of natural causes.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=98}} It is through Fatima that [[Family tree of Muhammad|Muhammad's progeny]] has spread throughout the Muslim world.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=186}} Fatima's descendants are given the honorific titles of [[sayyid|{{transl|ar|sayyid}}]] ({{lit|lord, or sir}}) or [[sharif|{{transl|ar|sharif}}]] ({{lit|noble}}) and are respected by Muslims.{{sfn|Shah-Kazemi|2014|p=20}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}}{{sfn|Morimoto|2012|p=2}} The [[Fatimid dynasty]] ({{Reign|909|1171}}) in [[North Africa]] claimed descent from Fatima via the [[Isma'ilism|Isma'ili]] imam [[Muhammad ibn Isma'il]],{{sfn|Canard|1965|p=850}} though this claim has been challenged.{{Sfn|Andani|2016|pp=199{{ndash}}200}}

== In the Quran and hadith texts ==
{{See also|Ahl al-Bayt}}
While Fatima is not mentioned in the Quran by name, some verses are associated with her in classical exegeses.{{sfn|McAuliffe|2002|pp=192-3}}

=== Verse of mubahala ===
An example is verse 3:61 of the Quran. After an inconclusive debate about [[Jesus in Islam|Jesus]] with a [[Christian]] delegation from [[Najran]] in 10/631-2, it was decided to engage in {{Transl|ar|mubuhala}}, where both parties would pray to invoke God's curse upon whoever was the liar. This is when Muhammad is reported to have received verse 3:61 of the Quran, also known as the verse of [[Event of mubahala|mubahala]],{{sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=15-6}}{{sfn|Momen|1985|pp=13-4}}{{sfn|Bar-Asher|Kofsky|2002|p=141}} which reads{{blockquote|And to whomsoever disputes with thee over it, after the knowledge that has come unto thee [about Jesus], say, "Come! Let us call upon our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves. Then let us pray earnestly, so as to place the curse of God upon those who lie."{{Sfn|Nasr|Dagli|Dakake|Lumbard|2015|p=330}}|source=}}Madelung argues that 'our sons' in the verse of mubahala must refer to Muhammad's grandchildren, [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan]] and [[Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn]]. In that case, he continues, it would be reasonable to also include in the event their parents, Ali and Fatima.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=16}} Madelung writes that their inclusion by Muhammad in this significant ritual must have raised the religious rank of his family.{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|p=16}} A similar view is voiced by Lalani.{{sfn|Lalani|2000|p=29}}

Of those present on Muhammad's side, Shia traditions are unanimous that 'our women' refers to Fatima and 'ourselves' refers to Ali.{{sfn|Mavani|2013|pp=71-2}} In particular, since the verse refers to Ali as the self of Muhammad, Shia holds that the former enjoys the same authority as the latter.{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=72}} In contrast, most Sunni accounts by al-Tabari do not name the participants of the event, while some other Sunni historians agree with the Shia view.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=16}}{{sfn|Momen|1985|p=14}}{{sfn|Bar-Asher|Kofsky|2002|p=141}} Some accounts about mubahala add that Muhammad, Ali, Fatima, Hasan, and Husayn stood under Muhammad's cloak, and this five are thus known as the Ahl al-Kisa ({{lit|people of the cloak}}).{{sfn|Momen|1985|pp=14, 16-7}}{{sfn|Algar|1984}} On the same occasion, Muhammad is also believed to have referred to them as the Ahl al-Bayt, according to Shia and some Sunni sources,{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=16}}{{Sfn|Algar|1984}} including the canonical ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'' and [[Sahih at-Tirmidhi|''Sunan al-Tirmidhi'']].{{Sfn|Momen|1985|pp=16, 325}}

=== Verse of purification ===
[[File:آیه_تطهیر.jpg|thumb|270x270px|Arabic calligraphy of the verse of purification]]
The last passage of verse 33:33, also known as the [[verse of purification]],{{Sfn|Abbas|2021|p=65}} reads:{{Blockquote|text=God only desires to remove defilement from you, O Ahl al-Bayt, and to purify you completely.{{sfn|Nasr|Dagli|Dakake|Lumbard|2015|p=2331}}}}Muslims disagree as to who belong to the [[Ahl al-Bayt]] ({{Lit|people of the house}}) and what political privileges or responsibilities they have.{{Sfn|Brunner|2014}} Shia Islam limits the Ahl al-Bayt to the [[Ahl al-Kisa]], namely, Muhammad, Fatima, Ali, Hasan and Husayn.{{Sfn|Momen|1985|pp=16, 17}}{{Sfn|Leaman|2006}} There are various views in Sunni Islam, though a typical compromise is to include also Muhammad's wives in the Ahl al-Bayt.{{Sfn|Goldziher|Arendonk|Tritton|2022}} The verse of purification is regarded in Shia Islam as evidence of the infallibility of the Ahl al-Bayt.{{Sfn|Howard|1984}}

The majority of the traditions quoted by al-Tabari ({{Died in|923}}) in his exegesis identify the Ahl al-Bayt in the verse of purification with the [[Ahl al-Kisa]], namely, Muhammad, Ali, Fatima, Hasan, and Husayn.{{Sfn|Howard|1984}}{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=14, 15}}{{Sfn|Algar|1984}} These traditions are also cited by some other early Sunni authorities, including [[Ahmad ibn Hanbal]] ({{Died in|855}}), [[al-Suyuti]] ({{Died in|1505}}), al-Hafiz al-Kabir,{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=71}} and [[Ibn Kathir]] ({{Died in|1373}}).{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=|pp=69, 147}} The canonical Sunni collection [[Sahih at-Tirmidhi|''Sunnan al-Tirmidhi'']] reports that Muhammad limited the Ahl al-Bayt to Ali, Fatima, and their two sons when the verse of purification was revealed to him.{{Sfn|Momen|1985|pp=16-7, 325}} In the [[event of mubahala]], Muhammad is believed to have gathered Ali, Fatima, and their sons under his cloak and referred to them as the Ahl al-Bayt, according to Shia and some Sunni sources,{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=16}}{{Sfn|Algar|1984}} including the canonical ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'' and [[Sahih at-Tirmidhi|''Sunan al-Tirmidhi'']].{{Sfn|Momen|1985|pp=16, 325}} Veccia Vaglieri writes that Muhammad recited the last passage of the verse of purification every morning when he passed by Fatima's house to remind her household of the [[Fajr prayer|{{transl|ar|fajr}} prayer]].{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}} This makeup of the Ahl al-Bayt is echoed by [[Laura Veccia Vaglieri|Veccia Vaglieri]] and [[Husain Mohammad Jafri|Jafri]],{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}}{{Sfn|Jafri|1979|p=17}} and unanimously reported in Shia sources.{{Sfn|Goldziher|Arendonk|Tritton|2022}}

Possibly because the earlier injunctions in the verse of purification are addressed at Muhammad's wives,{{Sfn|Brunner|2014}} some Sunni authors like [[Ibn Kathir]] include Muhammad's wives in the Ahl al-Bayt.{{Sfn|Howard|1984}} A number of Sunni hadiths, including some narrated by [[Ibn Abbas]] and [[Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl|Ikrima]], also support the inclusion of Muhammad's wives in the Ahl al-Bayt.{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|p=15}} This view is shared by [[Ignác Goldziher|Goldziher]] and his coauthors.{{Sfn|Howard|1984}} Alternatively, [[Oliver Leaman|Leaman]] argues that only those wives of prophets who mother their successors are counted by the Quran in their {{Transliteration|ar|ahl al-bayt}}.{{Sfn|Leaman|2006}}

=== Verse of mawadda ===
Verse 42:23 of the Quran, also known as the [[verse of mawadda]], includes the passage{{Blockquote|text=[O Mohammad!] Say, "I ask not of you any reward for it, save affection among kinsfolk."{{Sfn|Nasr|Dagli|Dakake|Lumbard|2015|p=2691}}|source=}}The word kinsfolk ({{transl|ar|al-qurba}}) in this verse is interpreted by the Shia as the Ahl al-Bayt.{{sfn|Lalani|2000|p=66}} [[Ibn Ishaq]] ({{Died in|767}}) narrates that the prophet specified {{transl|ar|al-qurba}} as his daughter Fatima, her husband Ali, and their two sons, Hasan and Husayn.{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=|pp=41, 60}} As quoted by Madelung, Hasan ibn Ali referred to the verse of mawadda in his inaugural speech as the [[Caliphate|caliph]] after the assassination of his father in 661, saying that he belonged to the Ahl al-Bayt "whose love He [God] has made obligatory in His Book [Quran]..."{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|pp=311-2}}

The verse of mawadda is often cited by the Shia about the elevated status of the Ahl al-Bayt.{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|p=13}} In [[Twelver Shi'ism|Twelver Shia]], the affection in this verse also entails obedience to the Ahl al-Bayt as the source of exoteric and esoteric guidance.{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=41|pp=}}{{sfn|Lalani|2000|pp=|p=66}} This obedience is believed to benefit the faithful first and foremost, citing the following passage of verse 34:47,{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=|pp=41, 60}} which contains the passage, "Say, 'I ask not of you any reward; that shall be yours ({{Transl|ar|fa-huwa la-kum}}).'"{{Sfn|Nasr|Dagli|Dakake|Lumbard|2015|p=2361}} Some Sunni commentators agree with the Shia view, including [[Qadi Baydawi|Baydawi]], al-Razi,{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=152}} and Ibn Maghazili.{{Sfn|Mavani|2013|p=|pp=41, 60}} Most Sunni authors, however, reject the Shia view and offer various alternatives.{{sfn|Nasr|Dagli|Dakake|Lumbard|2015|p=2691}} The view preferred by al-Tabari is that the verse of mawadda instructs Muslims to love the prophet because of their blood relations to him.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=13}}{{Sfn|Gril|2003|p=236}} Alternatively, Madelung suggests that the verse of mawadda demands love towards relatives in general.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|p=13}}

=== Verses 76:5-22 ===
Verses 76:5-22 are connected to Fatima in most Shia and some Sunni sources, including the works of the Shia [[Shaykh Tabarsi|al-Tabarsi]] ({{Died in|1153}}), and the Sunni [[al-Qurtubi]] ({{Died in|1273}}) and [[Mahmud al-Alusi|al-Alusi]] ({{Died in|1854}}).{{Sfn|Nasr|Dagli|Dakake|Lumbard|2015|p=3331}} According to these exegetes, verses 76:5-22 were revealed to Muhammad after Fatima, Ali, Hasan, Husayn, and their maidservant Fidda gave away their only meal of the day to beggars who visited their home, for three consecutive days.{{sfn|Abbas|2021|pp=57, 58}}{{sfn|Mavani|2013|p=72}} In particular, verses 76:7-12 read:

{{Blockquote|text=They fulfill their vows and fear a day whose evil is widespread, and give food, despite loving it, to the indigent, the orphan, and the captive. "We feed you only for the Face of God. We do not desire any recompense or thanks from you. Truly we fear from our Lord a grim, calamitous day." So God has shielded them from the evil of that Day, bestowed upon them radiance and joy, and rewarded them for having been patient with a Garden and with silk.{{Sfn|Nasr|Dagli|Dakake|Lumbard|2015|pp=3332-3}}
}}
=== Connection with Mary ===
[[File:Persian miniature of Jesus and Mary.jpg|thumb|A Persian miniature of Jesus and Mary, with whom Fatima is often compared, especially in Shia Islam]]
The Quranic praise for [[Mary, mother of Jesus|Mary]] in verse 3:42 has been echoed for Fatima based on a prophetic hadith that lists Fatima, [[Khadija bint Khuwaylid|Khadija]], Mary, and [[Asiya]] as the outstanding women of all time.{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=1}}{{sfn|McAuliffe|2002|p=193}}{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}}

{{Blockquote|text=Then the angels said, "O Mary, truly God has chosen you and purified you and chosen you over the women of the world."{{sfn|McAuliffe|2002|p=193}}}}

Especially in the Shia literature, there is a strong parallel between Fatima and Mary,{{sfn|McAuliffe|2002|p=193}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=98}} to the extent that one of the Shia epithets for Fatima is Maryam al-Kubra ({{Lit|Mary, the greater}}).{{sfn|McAuliffe|2002|p=193}}{{Sfn|Pierce|2016|p=208}}{{Sfn|Amir-Moezzi|Calmard|1999}} Similar to Mary, some early sources report that angels spoke to Fatima on multiple occasions.{{sfn|Aslan|2011|pp=185-6}}{{sfn|Ayoub|2011|pp=63, 72}} Both are viewed as mothers of exalted progenies: Mary gave birth to Jesus, and Fatima is the mother of the Imams.{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=1}} Fatima surpasses Mary in purity and divine favor in Shia writings{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=1}}{{Sfn|Amir-Moezzi|Calmard|1999}} and in some Sunni sources.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|pp=168-9}} For instance, citing the statement "Women's honor is through their fathers," the Shia [[Ibn Shahr Ashub]] ({{Died in|1192}}) argues about the superiority of Fatima, daughter of Muhammad, over Mary, daughter of [[Joachim|Imran]].{{Sfn|Pierce|2016|p=116}} To reconcile the superiority of Fatima with verse 3:42 above, "the women of the world" in this verse is interpreted as the women of Mary's time by most Shia and some Sunni exegetes.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|pp=168-9}}

=== Verse of Light ===
Verse 24:35 of the Quran, also known as the verse of Light, is often associated with Fatima in Shia exegeses.{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=62}}{{Sfn|Amir-Moezzi|Calmard|1999}} The verse of Light begins as
{{Blockquote|text=God is the Light of the heavens and the earth, the parable of His Light is as if there were a Niche and within it a Lamp, the Lamp enclosed in Glass, the Glass as it were a brilliant star.{{sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=62}}}}
According to the Shia [[Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni|al-Kulayni]] ({{Died in|941}}), Fatima is in this verse both the niche wherein resides the lamp (i.e., the Imams) and the shimmering glass for the divine light.{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|pp=62-3}}

=== Hadith literature ===
The canonical Sunni collection ''Sahih al-Bukhari'' attributes to Muhammad, "Fatima is a part of me, and whoever makes her angry, makes me angry."{{Sfn|Abbas|2021|p=103}} Similar versions of this hadith appear in other Shia and Sunni sources.{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2022a}}{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=82}} The Sunni al-Suyuti relates from Muhammad that "Whoever loves (my) offspring, God loves; whoever gets angry [at them], God gets angry at them."{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} The Shia [[Ibn Babawayh|Ibn Babawahy]] similarly narrates from Muhammad that, "Verily God becomes angry when Fatima is angry and is pleased when she is pleased."{{Sfn|Kassam|Blomfield|2015|p=213}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=103}}

Another prophetic hadith in ''Sahih al-Bukhari'' elevates Fatima to the mistress of all the women on earth and in paradise.{{Sfn|Kassam|Blomfield|2015|p=212}} Muhammad is also famously said to have listed Fatima, Khadija, Mary, and Asiya as the four outstanding women of all time.{{Sfn|Thurlkill|2008|p=1}} Whenever Fatima arrived, Muhammad used to stand up, greet her and ask her to sit next to him.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=98}} When leaving [[Medina]], Fatima was the last person that Muhammad bid farewell to, and she was the first he visited upon his return.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} Her manners were described to be similar to Muhammad's.{{sfn|Khetia|2013|p=50}} The prophet held that Fatima will be the first person to enter the paradise and, as with Mary, she will intercede for those who honor her and her descendants.{{sfn|Campo|2009a|p=230}}{{sfn|Qutbuddin|2006|p=249}}

It is attributed to Abu Bakr's daughter Aisha that Fatima was the most beloved of women to the prophet, and Ali was the most beloved of men to him, according to the Sunni al-Hakim al-Nishapuri and [[al-Tirmidhi]] ({{Died in|892}}) and the Shia al-Qadi al-Nu'man, among others.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=68}} A similar tradition is cited by the Sunni al-Suyuti.{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}} There are also competing traditions about Abu Bakr-Aisha instead of Ali-Fatima, though [[Denise Spellberg|Spellberg]] believes they were circulated later for political reasons.{{Sfn|Spellberg|1994|pp=33-5}}

Muhammad's wife [[Umm Salama]] relates in possibly the earliest version{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|p=6}} of the [[Ahl al-Kisa|Hadith al-Kisa]] that Muhammad gathered Ali, Fatima, Hasan, and Husayn under his cloak and prayed, "O God, these are my {{Transl|ar|ahl al-bayt}} ({{Lit|the people of my house}}) and my closest family members; remove defilement from them and purify them completely," thus making a reference to verse 33:33 of the Quran,{{Sfn|Sharon|2004}}{{Sfn|Brunner|2014}} known also as the [[verse of purification]].{{Sfn|Abbas|2021|p=65}} The accounts of the Sunni Ibn Kathir and al-Suyuti and the Shia [[Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai|Tabatabai]] ({{Died in|1981}}) continue that Umm Salama asked Muhammad, "Am I with thee, O Messenger of God?" but received the negative response, "Thou shalt obtain good. Thou shalt obtain good."{{sfn|Nasr|Dagli|Dakake|Lumbard|2015|p=2331}} There also exists a version of this hadith in Sunni sources where Umm Salama is included in the Ahl al-Bayt.{{Sfn|Goldziher|Arendonk|Tritton|2022}} In another Sunni version, Muhammad's servant Wathila bint al-Asqa' is counted in the Ahl al-Bayt.{{Sfn|Soufi|1997|pp=7-8}}

== In modern culture ==
{{See also|Fatimiyya}}
While Fatima has been revered as an ultimate archetype for [[Muslims|Muslim]] women,{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}} she has also gained a modern importance as a symbol for the female freedom fighter and the defender of the oppressed.{{sfn|Campo|2009a|p=231}} In ''[[Fatemeh Is Fatemeh|Fateme Is Fateme]]'', the Iranian philosopher [[Ali Shariati|Shariati]] portrays Fatima as "the symbol of a responsible, fighting woman when facing her time and the fate of her society."{{sfn|Nashat|1983|p=126}} Fatima is also venerated for her compassion, generosity, and enduring suffering by all Muslims, especially by the [[Shia Islam|Shia]].{{sfn|Fedele|2018|p=56}}{{sfn|Abbas|2021|p=58}}{{sfn|Ruffle|2011|p=21}} The first feature-length movie about Fatima set during the lifetime and after the death of Muhammad is titled ''[[The Lady of Heaven]]'', produced in 2020 by the Enlightened Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |date=2020-06-29 |title=Enlightened Kingdom Sets 'Lady Of Heaven'; Feature About Lady Fatima, Daughter Of Muhammad – Cannes |url=https://deadline.com/2020/06/lady-of-heaven-enlightened-kingdom-lady-fatima-daughter-of-muhammad-movie-1202973314/ |access-date=2021-10-31 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> The movie premiered in the United States on 10 December 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Lady of Heaven |url=https://www.amctheatres.com/movies/the-lady-of-heaven-68145 |access-date=2021-10-28 |website=AMC Theatres}}</ref>

=== Mother's Day in Iran ===
[[Iranian peoples|Iranians]] celebrate Fatima's birth anniversary on 20 [[Jumada al-Thani]] as the [[Mother's Day]].{{sfn|Buehler|2014|p=185}}<ref>{{cite web |date=20 April 2014 |title=Iran marks Mother's Day |url=http://en.mehrnews.com/detail/News/102655}}</ref> On this day, banners reading ''Ya Fatima'' (O! Fatima) are displayed on government buildings, private buildings, public streets and car windows.{{sfn|DeBano|2009|p=234}} The [[Gregorian calendar|Gregorian date]] for this changes every year.
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! '''Year'''
|2018
|2019
|2020
|2021
|2022
|2023
|2024
|-
! '''Gregorian date'''
|9 March<ref>{{cite web |title=Yearly Islamic Hijri Calendar 2018 |url=https://www.islamicfinder.org/islamic-calendar/2018/ |access-date=2020-01-25 |website=IslamicFinder |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|26 February<ref>{{cite web |title=Yearly Islamic Hijri Calendar 2019 |url=https://www.islamicfinder.org/islamic-calendar/2019/ |access-date=2020-01-25 |website=IslamicFinder |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|15 February<ref>{{cite web |title=Yearly Islamic Hijri Calendar 2020 |url=https://www.islamicfinder.org/islamic-calendar/2020/ |access-date=2020-01-25 |website=IslamicFinder |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|3 February<ref>{{cite web |title=Yearly Islamic Hijri Calendar 2021 |url=https://www.islamicfinder.org/islamic-calendar/2021/ |access-date=2020-01-25 |website=IslamicFinder |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|24 January<ref>{{cite web |title=Yearly Islamic Hijri Calendar 2022 |url=https://www.islamicfinder.org/islamic-calendar/2022/ |access-date=2020-01-25 |website=IslamicFinder |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|14 January<ref>{{cite web |title=Yearly Islamic Hijri Calendar 2023 |url=https://www.islamicfinder.org/islamic-calendar/2023/ |access-date=2020-01-25 |website=IslamicFinder |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|3 January<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.islamicfinder.org/islamic-calendar/2024/ |title=Yearly Islamic Hijri Calendar 2024 |website=IslamicFinder |access-date=2020-01-25 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> 22 December
|}

==See also==

* ''[[Book of Fatimah]]''
* [[Hamsa]], a type of amulet also referred to as the "Hand of Fatima"
* [[Our Lady of Fátima]], the title of the Virgin Mary based on reported apparitions at Fátima, Portugal
* [[Bayt al-Ahzan]]

==Citations==
{{reflist|20em}}

==References==
=== Books ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
*{{cite book |last=Abbas |first=Hassan |title=The Prophet's Heir: The Life of Ali ibn Abi Talib |publisher=Yale University Press |date=2021 |isbn=9780300252057 |pages=}}
*{{cite book |last=Madelung |first=Wilferd |url=https://archive.org/details/successiontomuam0000made |title=The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=1997 |isbn=0-521-64696-0 |author-link=Wilferd Madelung}}
*{{cite book |last=Aslan |first=Reza |url=https://archive.org/details/nogodbutgodorigi0000asla_n9k1/mode/2up |title=No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam |publisher=Random House |date=2011 |isbn=9780812982442}}
*{{cite book |last=Ernst |first=Carl |url=https://archive.org/details/followingmuhamma0005erns/mode/2up |title=Following Muhammad: Rethinking Islam in the Contemporary World |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |date=2003 |isbn=9780807875803 |location=Chapel Hill}}
*{{cite book |last=Rogerson |first=Barnaby |url=https://archive.org/details/heirsofprophetmu0000roge/mode/2up |title=The Heirs of the Prophet Muhammad: And the Roots of the Sunni-Shia Schism |publisher=Abacus |date=2006 |isbn=9780349117577}}
*{{cite book |last=Hazleton |first=Lesley |url=https://archive.org/details/aftertheprophettheepicstoryoftheshiasunnisplitinislampdfdrive.com/mode/2up |title=After the Prophet: The Epic Story of the Shia-Sunni Split in Islam |publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group |date=2009 |isbn=9780385532099}}
*{{cite book |last=Bodley |first=R.V.C. |url=https://archive.org/details/messengerlifeofm00bodl/page/n5/mode/2up |title=The Messenger; the Life of Mohammed |publisher=Doubleday & Company, inc. |date=1946}}
*{{cite book |last=Muir |first=William |url=https://archive.org/details/caliphateitsris00muirgoog/mode/2up |title=The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall: From Original Sources |publisher=Religious Tract Society |date=1891 |pages=}}
*{{cite book |last=Jafri |first=S.H.M |url=https://archive.org/details/OriginsAndEarlyDevelopmentOfShiaIslamBySyedHusainMohammadJafri/mode/2up |title=Origins and Early Development of Shia Islam |publisher=Longman |date=1979 |location=London}}
*{{cite book |last=Momen |first=Moojan |title=An Introduction to Shi'i Islam |publisher=Yale University Press |date=1985 |isbn=9780853982005}}
*{{cite book |last=Kelen |first=Betty |url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadmessenge0000kele/mode/2up?q=fatima |title=Muhammad: The messenger of God |publisher=T. Nelson |date=1975 |isbn=9780929093123}}
*{{cite book |last=Nashat |first=Guity |url=https://archive.org/details/womenrevolutioni0000unse/mode/2up |title=Women and Revolution in Iran |publisher=Westview Press |date=1983 |isbn=9780865319318 |pages=}}
*{{cite book |last=Mavani |first=Hamid |url=https://archive.org/details/religiousauthori0000mava/mode/ |title=Religious Authority and Political Thought in Twelver Shi'ism: From Ali to Post-Khomeini |publisher=Routledge |date=2013 |isbn=9780415624404}}
*{{cite book |author-last=Pierce |author-first=Matthew |title=Twelve Infallible Men: The Imams and the Making of Shi'ism |publisher=Harvard University Press |date=2016 |isbn=9780674737075}}
*{{cite book |last1=Freedman |first1=David Noel |url=https://archive.org/details/riversofparadise0000unse/mode/2up |title=The Rivers of Paradise: Moses, Buddha, Confucius, Jesus, and Muhammad as Religious Founders |last2=McClymond |first2=Michael |publisher=[[William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company]] |date=2000 |isbn=9780802829573}}
*{{cite book |author1-last=Kassam |author1-first=Zayn |title=The Shi'i World: Pathways in Tradition and Modernity |author2-last=Blomfield |author2-first=Bridget |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |date=2015 |isbn=9780857729675 |editor1-last=Daftary |editor1-first=Farhad |page=210 |chapter=Remembering Fatima and Zaynab: Gender in Perspective |editor2-last=Sajoo |editor2-first=Amyn |editor3-last=Jiwa |editor3-first=Shainool}}
*{{cite book|title=Redemptive Suffering in Islam: A Study of the Devotional Aspects of Ashura in Twelver Shi'ism
|author-first=Mahmoud M.|author-last= Ayoub|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|date=2011|isbn= 9783110803310}}
*{{cite book |title=Sayyids and Sharifs in Muslim Societies: The Living Links to the Prophet |publisher=[[Routledge]] |date=2012 |isbn=9780415519175 |editor1-last=Morimoto |editor1-first=Kazuo |edition=Illustrated}}
*{{cite book |last1=Bar-Asher |first1=Meir M. |last2=Kofsky |first2=Aryeh |title=The Nusayri-Alawi Religion: An Enquiry into Its Theology and Liturgy |date=2002 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-9004125520 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2bli4DyuHRIC&q=Event+of+Mubahala&pg=PA141}}
*{{cite book|title=The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2015|isbn= 9780062227621|url=https://archive.org/details/thestudyquran_201909/mode/2up|editor1-first=S.H.|editor1-last= Nasr|editor2-first= C.K.|editor2-last= Dagli|editor3-first= M.M.|editor3-last= Dakake|editor4-first= J.E.B.|editor4-last= Lumbard|editor5-first=M.|editor5-last= Rustom}}
*{{cite book|last1=Lalani|first1=Arzina R.|title=Early Shi'i Thought: The Teachings of Imam Muhammad al-Baqir|date=2000|publisher=I. B. Tauris|isbn=978-1860644344}}
*{{cite book|title=Chosen Among Women: Mary and Fatima in Medieval Christianity and Shi'ite Islam|author-first=Mary F.|author-last= Thurlkill|publisher=University of Notre Dame Pess|date=2008|isbn= 9780268093822|url=https://archive.org/details/marythurkhillchosenamongwomenmaryandfatima}}
*{{cite book|title=Ideas, Images, and Methods of Portrayal: Insights into Classical Arabic Literature and Islam|editor-first=Sebastian|editor-last= Günther|publisher=Brill|date=2005|chapter=Image Formation of an Islamic Legend: Fātima, the Daughter of the Prophet Muhammad|author-first= Verena|author-last= Klemm|isbn= 9789047407263|pages=181–208}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia = Encyclopædia Iranica|title=FĀṬEMA|url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/fatema|author1-first=Mohammad Ali|author1-last=Amir-Moezzi|volume= IX/4|pages= 400–4|author2-first= Jean|author2-last=Calmard|date=1999}}
*{{cite book|last1=Al-Tabari|title=The History of al-Ṭabarī, Vol. 9: The Last Years of the Prophet: The Formation of the State A.D. 630-632/A.H. 8–11|publisher=The State University of New York Press|date=1990|isbn=9780887066924|editor1-last=Poonawala|editor1-first=Ismail K.|chapter=The Events of the Year 11}}
*{{cite book |last1=Cortese |first1=Delia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yz4pAAAAYAAJ |title=Women and the Fatimids in the World of Islam |last2=Calderini |first2=Simonetta |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |date=2006 |isbn=978-0748617333 |edition=First}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2022 |title=Ghadīr Khumm |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam |publisher=Brill Reference Online |url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/ghadir-khumm-COM_27419?s.num=0&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-3&s.q=Ghad%C4%ABr+Khumm |last=Amir-Moezzi |first=Mohammad Ali |edition=Third}}
*{{cite book|last=Akbar|first=Syed|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=opBkfYKBOjsC|title=Reliving Karbala : Martyrdom in South Asian Memory: Martyrdom in South Asian Memory|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2006|isbn=9780199706624|location=United States}}
*{{cite book |title=Politics, Gender, and the Islamic Past: The Legacy of 'A'isha Bint Abi Bakr |author-first=Denise A. |author-last=Spellberg |publisher=Columbia University Press |date=1994 |isbn=9780231079990 |author-link=Denise Spellberg |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsgenderis0000spel/mode/2up}}
*{{cite book|title=The Crisis of Muslim History: Religion and Politics in Early Islam|author-first=Mahmoud M.|author-last= Ayoub|publisher=Oneworld Publications|date= 2014|isbn=9781780746746|url=https://archive.org/details/crisisofmuslimhi0000ayou}}
*{{cite book|title=Parable and Politics in Early Islamic History: The Rashidun Caliphs|author-first=Tayeb|author-last= El-Hibri|publisher=Columbia University Press|date= 2010|isbn= 9780231521659}}
*{{cite book|title=Constructive Critics, Ḥadīth Literature, and the Articulation of Sunnī Islam: The Legacy of the Generation of Ibn Saʻd, Ibn Maʻīn, and Ibn Ḥanbal|author-first=Scott C.|author-last= Lucas|publisher=Brill|date= 2004|isbn= 9789004133198}}
* {{citation |last=DeBano |first=Wendy |title=Music and the Play of Power in the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia |page=234 (footnote 18) |date=2009 |editor=Laudan Nooshin |series=Soas Musicology Series |chapter=Singing against Silence: Celebrating Women and Music and the Fourth Jasmine Festival |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gAR15vJcC6wC&pg=PA234 |edition=illustrated |publisher=[[Ashgate Publishing]] |isbn=9780754634577}}
{{refend}}

=== Encyclopedias ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2014 |title=FATIMA (d. 632) |encyclopedia=Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopaedia of the Prophet of God |publisher=ABC-CLIO |url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadinhistor0000unse_h4s1/mode/2up |editor1-last=Fitzpatrick |editor1-first=Coeli |volume=1 |pages=182–7 |isbn=9781610691772 |editor2-last=Walker |editor2-first=Adam Hani |author-last=Buehler |author-first=Arthur F.}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2014 |title=PRAYER |encyclopedia=Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopaedia of the Prophet of God |publisher=ABC-CLIO |url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadinhistor0000unse/mode/2up |editor1-last=Fitzpatrick |editor1-first=Coeli |volume=2 |pages=473–7 |isbn=9781610691772 |editor2-last=Walker |editor2-first=Adam Hani |author-last=Rahim |author-first=Habibeh}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2022a |title=Fāṭima |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam |publisher=Brill Reference Online |url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/fatima-COM_0217?s.num=0&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&s.q=fatima |last=Veccia Vaglieri |first=L. |editor-last=Bearman |editor-first=P. |edition=Second}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|author-first=L.|author-last=Veccia Vaglieri|title=ʿAlī B. Abī Ṭālib|encyclopedia= Encyclopaedia of Islam|edition=Second|editor-first= P.|editor-last= Bearman|publisher=Brill Reference Online|date= 2022b|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/ali-b-abi-talib-COM_0046?s.num=0&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&s.q=%CA%BFAl%C4%AB+b.+Ab%C4%AB+%E1%B9%AC%C4%81lib}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2021 |title=Ali |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher= |url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9005712/Ali |access-date= |author-link=Hossein Nasr |last2=Afsaruddin |first2=Asma |last1=Nasr |first1=Seyyed Hossein}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2021 |title=Fadak |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Islamica |publisher=Brill Reference Online |url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-islamica/fadak-COM_036126?lang=en |last=Sajjadi |first=Sadeq}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2006 |title=FATIMA (AL-ZAHRA') BINT MUHAMMAD (CA. 12 BEFORE HIJRA-11/CA. 610-632) |encyclopedia=Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia |publisher=Routledge |url=https://archive.org/details/MedievalIslamicCivilizationAnEncyclopedia_201603 |editor-last=Meri |editor-first=Josef W. |pages=248–50 |isbn=978-0415966900 |author-first=Tahera |author-last=Qutbuddin}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2013 |title='Ali b. Abi Talib (ca. 599-661) |encyclopedia=The Princeton encyclopedia of Islamic political thought |publisher=Princeton University Press |url=https://archive.org/details/princetonencyclo0000unse/ |last=Anthony |first=Sean W. |editor-last=Bowering |editor-first=Gerhard |pages=30–2 |isbn=9780691134840}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2018 |title=FATIMA (605/15-632 CE) |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Women in World Religions |publisher=ABC-CLIO |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jt91DwAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA56 |editor-last=de-Gaia |editor-first=Susan |page=56 |isbn=9781440848506 |author-last=Fedele |author-first=Valentina}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2002 |title=Fatima |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān |url=https://archive.org/details/EncyclopaediaOfTheQuranVol.2eI/page/n1/mode/2up |last=McAuliffe |first=Jane Dammen |editor-last=McAuliffe |editor-first=Jane Dammen |volume=2 |isbn=978-90-04-11465-4}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2001a |title=Fāṭima |encyclopedia=The New Encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=AltaMira Press |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas/mode/2up |last=Glassé |first=Cyril |page=137 |isbn=9780759101890}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2001b |title='Alī ibn Abī Talīb |encyclopedia=The New Encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=AltaMira Press |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas/mode/2up |last=Glassé |first=Cyril |pages=39–41 |isbn=9780759101890}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2001c |title=Muḥammad, the Messenger of God |encyclopedia=The New Encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=AltaMira Press |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas/mode/2up |last=Glassé |first=Cyril |pages=320–5 |isbn=9780759101890}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2001d |title=Ahl al Kisā' |encyclopedia=The New Encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=AltaMira Press |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas/mode/2up |last=Glassé |first=Cyril |pages=32 |isbn=9780759101890}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2001e |title=Ahl al Bayt |encyclopedia=The New Encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=AltaMira Press |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas/mode/2up |last=Glassé |first=Cyril |pages=31 |isbn=9780759101890}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2009a |title=Fatima (ca. 605-633) |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=Infobase Publishing |url=https://archive.org/details/islam-encyclopedia-of-islam-2009/mode/2up |last= |first= |editor-last=Campo |editor-first=Juan Eduardo |pages=230–1 |isbn=9781438126968}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2009b |title=''ahl al-bayt'' |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=Infobase Publishing |url=https://archive.org/details/islam-encyclopedia-of-islam-2009/mode/2up |last= |first= |editor-last=Campo |editor-first=Juan Eduardo |page=23 |isbn=9781438126968}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim world|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofis0001unse/page/24/mode/2up?q=baqir|pages=25, 26|author-last=Campo|author-first=J.E.|date=2004|publisher=Macmillan Reference|editor-first=R.C.|editor-last= Martin|title=AHL AL-BAYT}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |date=2014 |title='ALI IBN ABI TALIB (599-661) |encyclopedia=Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopaedia of the Prophet of God |publisher=ABC-CLIO |url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadinhistor0000unse_h4s1/mode/2up |editor1-last=Fitzpatrick |editor1-first=Coeli |volume=1 |pages=20–4 |isbn=9781610691772 |editor2-last=Walker |editor2-first=Adam Hani |author-last=Shah-Kazemi |author-first=Reza}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|title=AHL-E BAYT|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica|author-first=I.K.A.|author-last= Howard|date=1984|volume=I/6|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/ahl-e-bayt|page=635}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān |volume=3 |editor-first=Jane Dammen |editor-last=McAuliffe |publisher=Brill |date=2003 |title=Love and Affection |pages=233–7 |author-first=Denis |author-last=Gril |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaKURAN_vol3/mode/ |isbn=9789004123557}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |author1-last=Goldziher |author1-first=I. |author2-last=Arendonk |author2-first=C. van |author3-last=Tritton |author3-first=A.S. |title=Ahl Al-Bayt |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam |edition=Second |editor-first=P. |editor-last=Bearman |publisher=Brill Reference Online |date=2022}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God|title=Ahl al-Bayt|author-first=R.|author-last=Brunner|date=2014|pages=5–9|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadinhistor0000unse_h4s1/page/4/mode/2up|publisher=|editor1-first=C.|editor1-last= Fitzpatrick|editor2-first= A.H.|editor2-last= Walker}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of the Qur’ān |title=People of the House |date=2004 |volume=4 |author-first=M. |author-last=Sharon |isbn=9789004123557 |publisher=Brill |pages=48–53 |editor-first=J.D. |editor-last=McAuliffe |url=https://archive.org/details/EncyclopaediaOfTheQuranVol4/page/n51/mode/2up}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=The Qur'an: An Encyclopedia|publisher=Taylor & Francis|date=2006|title=AHL AL-BAYT|author-last=Leaman|author-first=O.|editor-last=Leaman|editor-first=O.|pages=16, 17|url=https://archive.org/details/thequrananencyclopediaed.byoliverleaman_201909/page/n43/mode/2up}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |author-last=Algar |author-first=H. |date=1984 |title=ĀL-E ʿABĀ |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |volume=I |page=742 |url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/al-e-aba-the-family-of-the-cloak-i}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |title=ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭāleb |first1=Ismail |last1=Poonawala |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |date=2011 |volume=I/8 |pages=838–48 |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-b-abi-taleb |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429163734/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ali-b-abi-taleb |archive-date=29 April 2011 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Fitzpatrick|editor1-first=Coeli|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadinhistor0000unse_h4s1/mode/2up|encyclopedia=Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopaedia of the Prophet of God|editor2-last=Walker|editor2-first=Adam Hani|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2014|isbn=9781610691772|title=ABU BAKR AL-SIDDIQ (C. 573-634)|author-first=Adam Hani|author-last=Walker|pages=1–4}}
* {{EI2 |last=Canard |first=Marius |author-link=Marius Canard |title=Fāṭimids |volume=2 |pages=850–862 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0218}}
{{refend}}

=== Journal articles ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite journal |last=Andani |first=Khalil |title=A Survey of Ismaili Studies (Part 1): Early Ismailism and Fatimid Ismailism |journal=Religion Compass |volume=10 |issue=8 |pages=191–206 |year=2016 |doi=10.1111/rec3.12205}}
*{{cite journal |last=Ruffle |first=Karen |date=2012 |title=May Fatimah Gather Our Tears: The Mystical and Intercessory Powers of Fatimah Al-Zahra in Indo-Persian, Shii Devotional Literature and Performance |url=https://ebookshia.com/books/view/2507/May+Fatimah+Gather+Our+Tears%3A+The+Mystical+and+Intercessory+Powers+of+Fatimah+al-Zahra+in+Indo-Persian%2C+Shi%E2%80%98i+Devotional+Literature+and+Performance |journal=Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=386–397 |doi=10.1215/1089201X-2010-021}}
*{{cite journal |last=Ruffle |first=Karen |date=2011 |title=May You Learn From Their Model: The Exemplary Father-Daughter Relationship of Mohammad and Fatima in South Asian Shiʿism |url=https://www.academia.edu/34132285 |journal=Journal of Persianate Studies |volume=4 |pages=12–29 |doi=10.1163/187471611X568267}}
{{refend}}

=== Theses ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
*{{cite thesis |last=Khetia |first=Vinay |title=Fatima as a Motif of Contention and Suffering in Islamic Sources |date=2013 |publisher=Concordia University |url=https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/976817/ |page=}}
*{{cite thesis |author-last= |author-first= |title=The Image of Fatima in Classical Muslim Thought |publisher=Princeton University |last=Soufi |first=Denise Louise |date=1997 |degree=PhD |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/304390529|id= {{ProQuest|304390529}}}}
{{refend}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin|2}}
=== Books ===
*{{cite book |last=Morrow |first=John Andrew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ufLaAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA104 |title=Islamic Images and Ideas: Essays on Sacred Symbolism |date=2013 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-5848-6 |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |last=Chittick |first=William C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rMnFZOHkurcC&pg=PA138 |title=A Shi'ite Anthology |publisher=SUNY Press |date=1981 |isbn=978-0-87395-510-2|ref=none }}
*{{cite book |author=[[Karen Armstrong|Armstrong, Karen]] |title=Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet |publisher=Harper |date=1993 |isbn=0-06-250886-5 |location=San Francisco|ref=none }}
*{{cite book |last=Ashraf |first=Shahid |title=Encyclopedia of Holy Prophet and Companions |publisher=Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. |date=2005 |isbn=81-261-1940-3|ref=none }}
*{{cite book |last=Esposito |first=John |url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john |title=Oxford History of Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=1990 |isbn=978-0-19-510799-9 |author-link=John Esposito |url-access=registration|ref=none }}
*{{cite book |last=Esposito |first=John |title=Islam: The Straight Path |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=1998 |isbn=978-0-19-511234-4 |edition=Third |author-link=John Esposito|ref=none }}
* {{cite book|title=Islamic Images and Ideas: Essays on Sacred Symbolism|editor-first=J.A.|editor-last=Morrow|url=https://archive.org/details/islamicimageside0000unse/page/228/mode/2up|url-access=registration|isbn=9780786458486|year=2014|publisher=McFarland & Company|chapter=Fatimah|author-first=B.|author-last=Blomfield|pages=101{{ndash}}109}}

=== Shia sources ===
*{{cite book |last=Tahir-ul-Qadri |first=Muhammad |title=Virtues of Sayyedah Fatimah |publisher=Minhaj-ul-Quran Publications |date=2006 |isbn=969-32-0225-2|ref=none }}
* [http://roshd.org/eng/beliefs/index.asp?BEL_CODE=93 ''The Life of Fatimah''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327183659/http://www.roshd.org/eng/beliefs/index.asp?BEL_CODE=93|date=27 March 2013}}
*{{cite book |author-link=Naser Makarem Shirazi |author-last=Makarem Shirazi |author-first=Naser |url=http://al-islam.org/lady_fatima/ |title=Fatima az-Zahra', The World's Most Outstanding Lady|date=12 May 2015 |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |author-link=Ali Shariati |author-last=Shariati |author-first=Ali |url=http://www.al-islam.org/fatimaisfatima |title=Fatima is Fatima|date=8 November 2021 |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |author-last=Ordoni |author-first=Abu Muhammad |url=http://www.balagh.net/english/ahl_bayt/fatima_the_gracious/index.htm |title=Fatima (S.A) The Gracious|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528061043/http://www.balagh.net/english/ahl_bayt/fatima_the_gracious/index.htm |archive-date=28 May 2008 |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |author-first=Muhammad Baqir |author-last=Majlisi |author-link=Muhammad Baqir Majlesi |date=2015 |url=http://www.theislamicseminary.org/wp/books/behar-al-anwar-volume-43-paperback-english-only/ |title=Behar al-Anwar |translator-link=Muhammad Shaykh Sarwar |translator-first=Muhammad |trans-title=Oceans of Light |translator-last=Sarwar |volume=43|isbn=9780991430840 |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |chapter=Fatima's life |title=Muntahi al-Amal |title-link=Muntahi al-Amal |author-link=Abbas Qomi |author-first=Abbas |author-last=Qomi |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |last=Nahim |first=Hassan A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EKVmBTcd4c8C&pg=PA39 |title=The Division After Prophet Muhammad |date=2012 |publisher=Xlibris Corporation |isbn=978-1-4771-4800-6 |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |last=Fadlullah |first=Sayyid Muhammad Husayn |url=http://al-islam.org/fatimahrolemodel/ |title=Fatimah al-Ma'sumah (as): A Role Model for Men and Women |date=2012 |publisher=Al-Bakir Cultural & Social Centre |location=London |author-link=Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |last=Ordoni |first=Abu Muhammad |title=Fatima the Gracious |author2=Muhammad Kazim Qazwini |publisher=Ansariyan Publications |date=1992 |asin=B000BWQ7N6 |ref=none }}
*{{cite journal |last=Parsa |first=Forough |date=2006 |title=فاطمهٔ زهرا سلامالله علیها در آثار خاورشناسان |trans-title=Fatima Zahra in the Works of Orientalists |journal=Nashr-e Dānesh |volume=22 |issue=1 |id=0259-9090 |ref=none }} (In Persian)

=== Sunni primary sources ===
*{{cite book |last=[[Muhammad al-Bukhari|Al-Bukhari]] |first=Muhammad |title=[[Sahih al-Bukhari]], Books 4, 5, 8 |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |last=Al-Tabari |first=Muhammad ibn Yarir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8nKLr72nxO4C&q=You%2C+Fatimah%2C+were+born+at+the+time+when+the+Quraysh+were+building+the+Ka%27bah%3B+the+Prophet+was&pg=PA167 |title=The History of al-Tabari Vol. 39: Biographies of the Prophet's Companions and Their Successors: al-Tabari's Supplement to His History |date=1998 |publisher= |isbn=9780791428207 |location= |ref=none }}
*{{cite book |last=[[Ibn Hisham]] |first=Abdul Malik |title=Al-Seerah Al-Nabaweyah (السيرة النبوية – Biography of the Prophet) |publisher=Mustafa Al Babi Al Halabi (Egypt) |date=1955 |ref=none }} (In Arabic)
{{refend}}
==External links==
* [https://www.al-islam.org/life-fatimah-az-zahra-study-and-analysis-baqir-shareef-al-qurashi The Life of Fatimah Az-Zahra']
* [https://www.al-islam.org/virtues-sayyidah-fatimah-sa-dr-muhammad-tahir-ul-qadri The Virtues of Fatimah (sa)]
* [https://en.wikishia.net/view/Fidda Fidda]

{{Honoured women in Islam}}

[[Category:Fatima| ]]
[[Category:615 births]]
[[Category:632 deaths]]
[[Category:7th-century women]]
[[Category:Muslim female saints]]
[[Category:People of the Quran]]
[[Category:Women companions of the Prophet]]
[[Category:Children of Muhammad]]
[[Category:The Fourteen Infallibles]]
[[Category:Ali]]
[[Category:Khadija bint Khuwaylid]]
[[Category:People from Mecca]]
[[Category:Wives of Shiite Imams]]
[[Category:Muslim figures favored in Shia Islam]]

My3

2023-09-16T23:25:03Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Added a new redirect

#REDIRECT [[MY3]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

Rui Sinaura

2023-09-13T23:22:25Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Composed an original article.

{{Short description|Village in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Use Indian English}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Rui Sinaura
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|27.2339239|N|79.1295291|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mainpuri district|Mainpuri]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Tehsil]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Bhongaon]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 8.216
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 5145
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/>
| demographics_type1 =
| demographics1_title1 =
| demographics1_info1 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Rui Sinaura''' ([[Devanagari]]: रूई सिनौरा {{IAST|Rūī Sinaurā}}) is a village in [[Sultanganj, Mainpuri|Sultanganj]] block of [[Mainpuri district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]. As of 2011, it has a population of 5,145, in 846 households.

== Demographics ==
As of 2011, Rui Sinaura had a population of 5,145, in 846 households.<ref name="Census 2011 A"/>{{rp|167}} This population was 53.4% male (2,746) and 46.6% female (2,399). The 0-6 age group numbered 854 (469 male and 385 female), or 16.6% of the total population. 1,016 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 19.7% of the total.<ref name="Census 2011 B">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part B (Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1259/download/4050/DH_2011_0917_PART_B_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|130-1}}

The [[1981 Census of India|1981 census]] recorded Rui Sinaura as having a population of 2,855 people, in 559 households.<ref name="Census 1981">{{cite book |title=Census 1981 Uttar Pradesh: District Census Handbook Part XIII-A: Village & Town Directory, District Mainpuri |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/29484/download/32665/28516_1981_MAI.pdf |access-date=25 July 2023}}</ref>{{rp|170-1}}

The [[1961 Census of India|1961 census]] recorded Rui Sinaura as comprising 6 hamlets, with a total population of 2,179 people (1,179 male and 1,000 female), in 438 households and 324 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,269 acres.<ref name="Census 1961">{{cite book |title=Census 1961: District Census Handbook, Uttar Pradesh (24 - Mainpuri District) |location=Lucknow |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/28772/download/31954/22833_1961_MAI.pdf |access-date=25 December 2021}}</ref>{{rp|xciv}}

== Infrastructure ==
As of 2011, Rui Sinaura had 2 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village had a post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#kachcha|kachcha]]'' and ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#pucca|pakka]]'' materials.<ref name="Census 2011 A">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1258/download/4046/DH_2011_0917_PART_A_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|167-72}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mainpuri district}}

[[Category:Villages in Mainpuri district]]

Bad Habits (Nav album)

2023-09-13T22:45:55Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Upcoming sophomore studio album by Nav (set to be released on March 22, 2019).

{{Infobox album
| name = Bad Habits
| type = studio
| artist = [[Nav (rapper)|Nav]]
| cover = Nav - Bad Habits.png
| alt =
| caption = Standard cover art for the album, deluxe edition features a green tint as opposed to red and yellow. In addition, the word “deluxe” is featured horizontally on both sides of the cover.
| released = {{Start date|2019|3|22}}
| recorded = 2017-19
| studio =
| genre = 
* [[Hip hop music|Hip hop]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hore-Thorburn |first1=Isabelle |title=Nav celebrates 'Bad Habits' Billboard No.1 with custom XO chain |url=https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/nav-bad-habits-no-1-billboard/ |website=Highsnobiety |date=2 April 2019 |access-date=26 October 2020}}</ref>
* [[Trap music|trap]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Yassin |first1=Jibril |title=Nav "Bad Habits" Review |url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/nav-bad-habits-review-news.75798.html |website=[[HotNewsHipHop.com]] |date=28 March 2019 |access-date=26 October 2020}}</ref>
| length = 47:34
| label = {{hlist|[[XO Records|XO]]|[[Republic Records|Republic]]}}
| producer =
* [[Nav (rapper)|Nav]]
* AlexOnWeed
* ATL Jacob
* Austin Powerz
* [[Cubeatz]]
* [[Jason Quenneville|DaHeala]]
* [[DannyBoyStyles]]
* [[Derek Wise]]
* Frost
* Khemasis
* [[London on da Track]]
* Mixx
* Money Musik
* [[OZ (record producer)|OZ]]
* Pro Logic
* Rasta Papii
* Rex Kudo
* [[Tay Keith]]
* Trouble Trouble
* Westen Weiss
* [[Wheezy (record producer)|Wheezy]]
* [[WondaGurl]]
| prev_title = [[Reckless (Nav album)|Reckless]]
| prev_year = 2018
| next_title = [[Good Intentions (album)|Good Intentions]]
| next_year = 2020
| misc = {{singles
| name = Bad Habits
| type = studio
| single1 = [[Know Me]]
| single1date = November 2, 2018
| single2 = [[Price on My Head]]
| single2date = March 26, 2019
| single3 = [[Tap (song)|Tap]]
| single3date = May 7, 2019
}}
}}

'''Bad Habits''' is the second [[studio album]] by Canadian rapper [[Nav (rapper)|Nav]]. It was released through [[XO (record label)|XO Records]] and [[Republic Records]] on March 22, 2019.<ref name="HHDX">{{cite web|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.50690/title.nav-ends-retirement-announces-bad-habits-album#|title=Nav Ends Retirement & Announces "Bad Habits" Album|work=[[HipHopDX]]|last=Ivey|first=Justin|date=March 17, 2019|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> The album features [[guest appearance]]s from [[The Weeknd]], [[Meek Mill]], [[Young Thug]], [[Gunna (rapper)|Gunna]], and [[Lil Durk]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/nav_gets_meek_mill_young_thug_the_weeknd_for_bad_habits_album|title=NAV Gets Meek Mill, Young Thug, the Weeknd for 'Bad Habits' Album|work=[[Exclaim!]]|last=Slingerland|first=Calum|date=March 21, 2019|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> The deluxe edition was released four days later on March 26, 2019. It features additional guest appearances from [[Future (rapper)|Future]] and then-XO labelmate duo [[88Glam]]. It follows his previous album, ''[[Reckless (Nav album)|Reckless]]'' (2018), as well as his unofficial ''Brown Boy'' EP, released a week and a day before ''Bad Habits''. The album debuted at number one on the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Canadian Albums Chart|Canadian Albums]] chart as well as the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], becoming Nav's first chart-topper on both.

==Background==
On March 17, 2019, CashXO released NAV’s Brown Boy EP which consisted of 5 tracks exclusively on Audiomack announced the album's title and release date.<ref name="HHDX"/>

The cover art was revealed via [[Instagram]] on March 19, 2019, with the tracklist on March 21, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rap-up.com/2019/03/21/nav-bad-habits-tracklisting/|title=NAV Reveals 'Bad Habits' Tracklisting|work=[[Rap-Up]]|date=March 21, 2019|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref>

A track titled "Habits" featuring [[Lil Uzi Vert]] was supposed to be released on the album.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hussein |first1=Wandera |title=NAV on why Lil Uzi Vert won't appear on his new album: "DJ Drama and Don Cannon won't clear his verse legally" |url=https://www.thefader.com/2019/03/21/nav-lil-uzi-verse-unable-to-clear-don-cannon-dj-drama |website=The FADER |access-date=16 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> According to Nav, the heads of Lil Uzi Vert's label, [[DJ Drama]] and [[Don Cannon]], would not legally clear Lil Uzi Vert's verse.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Slingerland |first1=Calum |title=NAV Gets Meek Mill, Young Thug, the Weeknd for 'Bad Habits' Album |url=http://exclaim.ca/music/article/nav_gets_meek_mill_young_thug_the_weeknd_for_bad_habits_album |website=exclaim.ca |access-date=16 April 2019 |language=en-ca}}</ref> In a statement to ''[[Complex (magazine)|Complex]]'', DJ Drama said, "It's not about the money because we turned down $100k."<ref>{{cite web |last1=William Cowen |first1=Tracy |title=Nav Says DJ Drama and Don Cannon Refused to Clear Lil Uzi Vert Verse on New Album (UPDATE) |url=https://www.complex.com/music/2019/03/nav-says-dj-drama-don-cannon-refused-to-clear-lil-uzi-vert-verse-on-new-album |website=Complex |access-date=16 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

On March 26, 2019, the deluxe version of ''Bad Habits'' was released, which features new guest appearances from [[Future (rapper)|Future]] and [[88Glam]], alongside all the songs from the ''Brown Boy EP''.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Chin |first1=Mallory |title=Nav Drops Future-Assisted Track on Deluxe Edition of 'Bad Habits' |url=https://hypebeast.com/2019/3/nav-bad-habits-deluxe-edition-album-stream |website=HYPEBEAST |date=26 March 2019 |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref> The originally unreleased track "Habits" which was supposed to feature Lil Uzi Vert, was also released as a solo version.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Saponara |first1=Michael |title=Nav Connects With Future for 'Amazing,' Releases 'Bad Habits' Deluxe Edition |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8504249/nav-amazing-future-bad-habits-deluxe |magazine=Billboard |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref> According to Nav, he recorded Lil Uzi Vert's verse himself and put it on the song.

==Singles==
The album's [[lead single]], "[[Know Me]]", was released for [[Music download|digital download]] on November 2, 2018. The song was produced by Pro Logic and Austin Powerz.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2018/11/nav-know-me-stream|title=Nav Drops New Single "Know Me"|work=[[Complex (magazine)|Complex]]|last=Espinoza|first=Joshua|date=November 2, 2018|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> The music video was released on November 8, 2018. The music video was directed by David Camarena.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2018/11/08/nav-know-me-music-video|title=NAV's "Know Me" video is an endless flex|work=[[The Fader]]|last=Darville|first=Jordan|date=November 8, 2018|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> The song peaked at number sixty-three on the ''Billboard'' Canadian Hot 100.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/nav/chart-history/can/|title=Canadian Hot 100: Know Me|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=March 21, 2019}}</ref> "[[Price on My Head]]", featuring Canadian singer-songwriter [[the Weeknd]], was released as the second single on March 26, 2019, the same day that Nav released the deluxe edition of the album.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/nav-the-weeknd-price-on-my-head-video-watch-813821/|title=Nav, the Weeknd's Toronto Hometown Burns in 'Price on My Head' Video|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|last=Legaspi|first=Althea|date=March 26, 2019|access-date=April 6, 2019|quote= The single appears on Nav's sophomore studio album, ''Bad Habits''.}}</ref> "[[Tap (song)|Tap]]", featuring American rapper [[Meek Mill]], was released as the third single on May 7, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505084615/https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases|url=http://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases|title=Top 40 Rhythmic Future Releases|publisher=All Access Media Group|access-date=July 4, 2019|archive-date=May 5, 2019}}</ref>

==Critical reception==
{{Album ratings
| MC = 52/100<ref name="MC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/music/bad-habits/nav/critic-reviews|title=Bad Habits by NAV|website=[[Metacritic]]|language=en|access-date=May 10, 2019}}</ref>
| rev1 = [[AllMusic]]
| rev1score = {{Rating|2.5|5}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/bad-habits-mw0003266193|title=Bad Habits - NAV {{!}} Songs, Reviews, Credits|last=Thomas|first=Fred|website=[[AllMusic]]|language=en-us|access-date=May 10, 2019}}</ref>
| rev2 = ''[[Exclaim!]]''
| rev2score = 5/10<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://exclaim.ca/music/article/nav-bad_habits|title=NAV Bad Habits|last=Wallace|first=Riley|date=March 26, 2019|website=[[Exclaim!]]|language=en-ca|access-date=May 10, 2019}}</ref>
| rev3 = ''[[Highsnobiety]]''
| rev3score = 2/5<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/nav-bad-habits-review/|title=NAV - 'Bad Habits' Review|last=Hobbs|first=Thomas|date=March 26, 2019|website=[[Highsnobiety]]|language=en-US|access-date=May 10, 2019}}</ref>
| rev4 = ''[[HipHopDX]]''
| rev4score = 3.2/5<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hiphopdx.com/reviews/id.3402/title.review-nav-bad-habits-is-a-monotone-masterpiece|title=Review: NAV "Bad Habits" Is A Monotone Masterpiece|last=Glaysher|first=Scott|date=April 19, 2019|website=[[HipHopDX]]|access-date=May 10, 2019}}</ref>
| rev5 = ''[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]''
| rev5score = 4.6/10<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/nav-bad-habits/|title=Nav: Bad Habits|last=Jackson|first=Reed|date=March 28, 2019|website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]|language=en|access-date=May 10, 2019}}</ref>
}}

''Bad Habits'' received mixed reviews from music critics, citing a lack of boldness and originality. At [[Metacritic]], which assigns a [[Standard score|normalized]] rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an [[Weighted arithmetic mean|average]] score of 52, based on 4 reviews, indicating "mixed or average" reviews.<ref name="MC"/>

==Commercial performance==
''Bad Habits'' debuted at number one on the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] with 82,000 [[album-equivalent unit]]s, of which 24,000 were pure album sales in its first week. The reason for the high sales are mostly due to merchandise bundles which resulted in about 20,000 extra sales.<ref name="BB200">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8504886/nav-nets-first-no-1-album-on-billboard-200-chart-with-bad-habits|title=NAV Nets First No. 1 Album on Billboard 200 Chart With 'Bad Habits'|magazine=Billboard|last=Caulfield|first=Keith|date=March 31, 2019|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref> The became Nav's first US number-one album.<ref name="BB200"/> The album also accumulated a total of 79.08 million on-demand audio streams for the album’s songs, making it the most streamed album of the week.<ref name="BB200"/> In its second week, the album dropped to number six on the chart, earning an additional 35,000 units that week.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8505964/billie-eilishs-when-we-all-fall-asleep-where-do-we-go-debuts-at|title=Billie Eilish's 'When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?' Debuts at No. 1 on Billboard 200 Chart|author=Keith Caulfield|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=April 7, 2019|access-date=April 8, 2019}}</ref> On May 20, 2020, the album was certified [[RIAA Certification|gold]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA) for combined sales and album-equivalent units of over 500,000 units.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=nav&ti=&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section|title=RIAA Certifications - Nav|website=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|access-date=June 1, 2020}}</ref>

In Nav's home country of Canada, ''Bad Habits'' debuted at number one on the [[Canadian Albums Chart]], selling 10,000 album-equivalent units in its first week.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2019/04/01/toronto-rapper-nav-scores-first-no-1-album-on-billboard-charts-with-bad-habits/|title=Toronto rapper Nav scores first No. 1 album on Billboard charts with 'Bad Habits'|date=April 1, 2019|access-date=April 8, 2019}}</ref> On June 26, 2019, the album was certified gold by [[Music Canada]] (MC) for sales of over 40,000 copies in Canada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=nav|title = Gold/Platinum}}</ref>

==Track listing==
Credits adapted from [[Tidal (service)|Tidal]].<ref name="Tidal">{{cite web|url=https://listen.tidal.com/album/106502327|title=Bad Habits (Deluxe) / NAV – TIDAL|publisher=[[Tidal (service)|Tidal]]|access-date=March 26, 2019}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline =
| extra_column = Producer(s)
| total_length = 47:34
| title_width = 30%
| writing_width = 40%
| extra_width = 100%

| title1 = To My Grave
| writer1 = {{hlist|[[Nav (rapper)|Navraj Goraya]]|[[OZ (record producer)|Ozan Yıldırım]]|Andrew Franklin}}
| extra1 = {{hlist|[[OZ (record producer)|OZ]]|Pro Logic}}
| length1 = 2:40

| title2 = I'm Ready
| writer2 = {{hlist|Goraya|[[WondaGurl|Ebony Oshunrinde]]|[[Cubeatz|Timothy Gomringer]]|[[Cubeatz|Kevin Gomringer]]}}
| extra2 = {{hlist|[[WondaGurl]]|[[Cubeatz]]{{ref|a|[a]}}}}
| length2 = 2:54

| title3 = Taking Chances
| writer3 = {{hlist|Goraya|Mohkom Bhangal|Jordan Bacchus}}
| extra3 = {{hlist|[[Nav (rapper)|Nav]]|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble}}
| length3 = 3:06

| title4 = [[Tap (song)|Tap]]
| note4 = featuring [[Meek Mill]]
| writer4 = {{hlist|Goraya|[[Meek Mill|Robert Williams]]|[[Amir Esmailian]]|[[London on da Track|London Holmes]]|Westen Weiss}}
| extra4 = {{hlist|[[London on da Track]]|Weiss}}
| length4 = 2:28

| title5 = Tension
| writer5 = {{hlist|Goraya|Esmailian|Bhangal|Bacchus|Sugar-Ray Henry|[[Jason Quenneville]]}}
| extra5 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble|Frost|[[Jason Quenneville|DaHeala]]{{ref|b|[b]}}}}
| length5 = 3:05

| title6 = [[Price on My Head]]
| note6 = featuring [[the Weeknd]]
| writer6 = {{hlist|Goraya|[[The Weeknd|Abel Tesfaye]]|[[Belly (rapper)|Ahmad Balshe]]|[[Derek Wise|Derek Bissue]]|Bradley Geisler}}
| extra6 = {{hlist|[[Derek Wise]]|AlexOnWeed}}
| length6 = 3:37

| title7 = Ralo
| writer7 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bhangal|Bacchus|S. Henry}}
| extra7 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble|Frost}}
| length7 = 3:04

| title8 = Tussin
| note8 = featuring [[Young Thug]]
| writer8 = {{hlist|Goraya|[[Young Thug|Jeffery Williams]]|Esmailian|Bhangal|Jacob Canady|Ezekiel Henry}}
| extra8 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|ATL Jacob|Rasta Papii}}
| length8 = 2:59

| title9 = Snap
| writer9 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bhangal|Bacchus}}
| extra9 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble}}
| length9 = 2:49

| title10 = Hold Your Breath
| note10 = featuring [[Gunna (rapper)|Gunna]]
| writer10 = {{hlist|Goraya|[[Gunna (rapper)|Sergio Kitchens]]|Baruch Nembhard|Caleb Nordelus|Moses Georges}}
| extra10 = {{hlist|Mixx|Khemasis{{ref|a|[a]}}}}
| length10 = 2:50

| title11 = Why You Crying Mama
| writer11 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bhangal|Bacchus|S. Henry}}
| extra11 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble|Frost}}
| length11 = 4:13

| title12 = Time Piece
| note12 = featuring [[Lil Durk]]
| writer12 = {{hlist|Goraya|[[Lil Durk|Durk Banks]]|Bhangal|Bacchus}}
| extra12 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble}}
| length12 = 3:27

| title13 = Dior Runners
| writer13 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bhangal|Bacchus|S. Henry|[[DannyBoyStyles|Danny Schofield]]}}
| extra13 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble|[[DannyBoyStyles]]}}
| length13 = 2:46

| title14 = Vicodin
| writer14 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bhangal|Bacchus|S. Henry|Schofield}}
| extra14 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble|Frost|DannyBoyStyles{{ref|b|[b]}}}}
| length14 = 2:11

| title15 = Stuck with Me
| writer15 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bhangal|Bacchus|Schofield}}
| extra15 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble|DannyBoyStyles{{ref|b|[b]}}}}
| length15 = 2:50

| title16 = [[Know Me]]
| writer16 = {{hlist|Goraya|Esmailian|Franklin|Austin Schindler}}
| extra16 = {{hlist|Pro Logic|Austin Powerz}}
| length16 = 2:35
}}

{{Track listing
| headline = Deluxe bonus tracks
| extra_column = Producer(s)
| total_length = 70:39
| title_width = 30%
| writing_width = 40%
| extra_width = 100%

| title17 = Amazing
| note17 = featuring [[Future (rapper)|Future]]
| writer17 = {{hlist|Goraya|[[Future (rapper)|Nayvadius Wilburn]]|Esmailian|[[Tay Keith|Brytavious Chambers]]}}
| extra17 = [[Tay Keith]]
| length17 = 2:18

| title18 = Habits
| writer18 = {{hlist|Goraya|[[Wheezy (record producer)|Wesley Glass]]|Masamune Kudo}}
| extra18 = {{hlist|[[Wheezy (record producer)|Wheezy]]|Rex Kudo}}
| length18 = 3:24

| title19 = Rack in My Sleep
| note19 = featuring [[88Glam]]
| writer19 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bissue|[[88Glam|Shakqueel Burthwright]]|Malik Johnson}}
| extra19 = 1K
| length19 = 2:40

| title20 = Go to Hell
| writer20 = {{hlist|Goraya|Schofield|Kudo}}
| extra20 = {{hlist|DannyBoyStyles|Rex Kudo}}
| length20 = 2:07

| title21 = 8 to a 4
| writer21 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bhangal|Bacchus|S. Henry}}
| extra21 = {{hlist|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble|Frost}}
| length21 = 2:45

| title22 = Never Know
| writer22 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bhangal|Bacchus}}
| extra22 = {{hlist|Nav|Trouble Trouble|Money Musik}}
| length22 = 4:01

| title23 = OK
| note23 = featuring Lil Durk
| writer23 = {{hlist|Goraya|Banks|Bhangal|S. Henry}}
| extra23 = {{hlist|Money Musik|Frost}}
| length23 = 2:49

| title24 = Athlete
| writer24 = {{hlist|Goraya|Bhangal|Bacchus|Schofield|S. Henry}}
| extra24 = {{hlist|Nav|Money Musik|Trouble Trouble|Frost|DannyBoyStyles}}
| length24 = 3:01
}}

'''Notes'''
* {{sup|{{note|a|[a]}}}} signifies a co-producer
* {{sup|{{note|b|[b]}}}} signifies an additional producer
* {{sup|{{note|c|[c]}}}} signifies an uncredited co-producer
* "Go to Hell", "8 to a 4", "Never Know", "OK" (featuring [[Lil Durk]]), and "Athlete" were originally from Nav's ''Brown Boy'' EP, that his manager [[Amir Esmailian|Cash]] leaked eight days before the album's release.

==Personnel==
All programming and keyboards are credited to the producers of each track, except where noted.<ref name="Tidal"/>

'''Musicians'''
* [[WondaGurl]] – keyboards {{small|(track 2)}}, programming {{small|(track 2)}}
* Money Musik – keyboards (track 3, 5, 7–9, 11–15, 21–24), programming (track 3, 5, 7–9, 11–15, 21–24)
* [[London on da Track]] – keyboards {{small|(track 4)}}, programming {{small|(track 4)}}
* Mixx – keyboards {{small|(track 10)}}, programming {{small|(track 10)}}
* Pro Logic – programming {{small|(track 16)}}
* Austin Powerz – programming {{small|(track 16)}}
* Wheezy – programming {{small|(track 1)}}
* Frost -keyboards (track 5, 7, 11, 14, 21, 23-24) programming (track 5, 7, 11, 14, 21, 23-24)
* Mike Michael – keyboards {{small|(all tracks)}}
'''Technical'''
* Pro Logic – mixing {{small|(all tracks)}}, engineer {{small|(track 16)}}
* Trouble Trouble – engineer {{small|(tracks 2, 3, 7, 14, 17)}}
* Shin Kamiyama – engineer {{small|(tracks 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 18)}}
* AlexOnWeed – engineer {{small|(track 19)}}
* Ethan Stevens – engineer {{small|(track 20)}}
* Mixx – engineer {{small|(track 10)}}
* Chemist – engineer {{small|(track 24)}}
* Chris Athens – mastering {{small|(all tracks)}}

==Charts==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

===Weekly charts===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|-
! scope="col"| Chart (2019)
! scope="col"| Peak position
|-
{{album chart|Flanders|76|artist=Nav|album=Bad Habits|rowheader=true|accessdate=March 30, 2019}}
|-
{{album chart|BillboardCanada|1|artist=Nav|rowheader=true|accessdate=April 2, 2019}}
|-
{{album chart|Netherlands|20|artist=Nav|album=Bad Habits|rowheader=true|accessdate=March 30, 2019}}
|-
{{album chart|France|112|artist=Nav|album=Bad Habits|rowheader=true|accessdate=April 2, 2019}}
|-
{{album chart|Ireland2|79|artist=Nav|rowheader=true|accessdate=March 30, 2019}}
|-
! scope="row"| Lithuanian Albums ([[AGATA (organization)|AGATA]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.agata.lt/lt/naujienos/savaites-klausomiausi-w09-2-2-2-2/|title=Savaitės klausomiausi (TOP 100)|language=lt|publisher=[[AGATA (organization)|AGATA]]|date=March 29, 2019|access-date=December 3, 2019}}</ref>
| 64
|-
{{album chart|New Zealand|36|artist=Nav|album=Bad Habits|rowheader=true|accessdate=March 29, 2019}}
|-
{{album chart|Norway|30|artist=Nav|album=Bad Habits|rowheader=true|accessdate=March 30, 2019}}
|-
{{album chart|Sweden|54|artist=Nav|album=Bad Habits|rowheader=true|accessdate=March 30, 2019}}
|-
{{album chart|UK2|26|date=20190329|rowheader=true|accessdate=March 30, 2019}}
|-
! scope="row"| US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]]<ref name="BB200"/>
| 1
|-
{{album chart|BillboardRandBHipHop|1|artist=Nav|rowheader=true|accessdate=April 2, 2019}}
|}
{{col-2}}

===Year-end charts===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|-
! scope="col"| Chart (2019)
! scope="col"| Position
|-
! scope="row"| Canadian Albums (''Billboard'')<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2019/top-canadian-albums|title=Top Canadian Albums – Year-End 2019|magazine=Billboard|date=2 January 2013|access-date=September 30, 2021}}</ref>
| 41
|-
! scope="row"| US ''Billboard'' 200<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2019/top-billboard-200-albums|title=Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2019|magazine=Billboard|date=2 January 2013|access-date=December 23, 2019}}</ref>
| 108
|-
! scope="row"| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (''Billboard'')<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/top-r-and-b-hip-hop-albums|title=Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums – Year-End 2019|magazine=Billboard|date=2 January 2013|access-date=December 23, 2019}}</ref>
| 53
|}
{{col-end}}

==Certifications==
{{Certification Table Top}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Canada|type=album|artist=Nav|title=Bad Habits|award=Platinum|relyear=2019|certyear=2020}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United States|type=album|artist=Nav|title=Bad Habits|award=Gold|relyear=2019|certyear=2020}}
{{Certification Table Bottom|streaming=true | nosales=true | noshipments=true}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Nav}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2019 albums]]
[[Category:Nav (rapper) albums]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Nav (rapper)]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Cubeatz]]
[[Category:Albums produced by WondaGurl]]
[[Category:Albums produced by London on da Track]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Tay Keith]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Wheezy]]
[[Category:Republic Records albums]]
[[Category:XO (record label) albums]]

List of covers of Time magazine (2010s)

2023-01-03T10:38:15Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: New article.

{{Short description|none}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:List of covers of ''Time'' magazine (2010s)}}
{{Use mdy dates}}
[[File:Time Magazine logo.svg|200px|right]]
[[Time (magazine)|''Time'']] was first published in 1923. As ''Time'' became established as one of the United States' leading [[news magazine]]s, an appearance on the cover of ''Time'' became an indicator of notability, fame or notoriety. Such features were accompanied by articles.

European, Middle Eastern, African, Asian and South Pacific versions of the magazine were published in addition to the United States edition. This article distinguishes versions when the covers are different.

For other decades, see [[Lists of covers of Time magazine|Lists of covers of ''Time'' magazine]].

==2010==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 11
|[[Northwest Airlines Flight 253|Flight 253]]
|Fear of Flying/The 4 Lessons of Flight 253
|-
!January 18
|Why Your [[DNA]] Isn't Your Destiny
|Why Your DNA Isn't Your Destiny/The new science of epigenetics reveals how the choices you make can change your genes-and those of your kids.
|-
!January 25
|A boy
|Special Report: [[2010 Haiti earthquake|Haiti's Tragedy]]
|-
!February 1
|[[Barack Obama]]
|Now what? Obama Starts Over.
|-
!February 8
|'''US''': A squashed [[Ball (gridiron football)|American football]] '''Europe/Asia''': A child walking along rubble
|'''US''': The Most Dangerous Game '''Europe/Asia''': [[Haiti]]: The Aftermath
|-
!February 15
|[[Robert Gates]]
|Man of War
|-
!February 22
|'''US''': Three generations of the same family '''Europe/Asia''': A twisted toyota keyfob
|'''US''': The science of living longer '''Europe/Asia''': [[Toyota]]'s Tangle
|-
!March 1
|'''US/Asia''': Capital dome frozen in an ice cube '''Europe''': An [[oil rig]] in the ocean
|'''US/Asia''': Why Washington is Frozen '''Europe''': Immigration: Why Europe's All at Sea
|-
!March 8
|'''US/Asia''': A member of the [[Taliban]] '''Europe''': A globe
|'''US/Asia''': Taking on the Taliban '''Europe''': Where did Europe go?
|-
!March 15
|'''US''': [[Tom Hanks]] '''Europe/Asia''': An [[F1]] racing car
|'''US''': History Maker: How Tom Hanks is redefining America's past '''Europe/Asia''': The Turbulent Times of Formula One
|-
!March 22
|A hand balancing a light bulb on one finger
|10 ideas for the next 10 years
|-
!March 29
|'''US''': A crowd form the word "JOBS" '''Europe/South Pacific''': [[Pope Benedict XVI]] '''Asia''': A large "O" with space inside for the caption
|'''US''': [Jobs:] Where They Are '''Europe/South Pacific''': The Pope's Nightmare: From [[Ireland]] to [[Germany]], the [[Catholic Church]] is under fire over sexual abuse by priests. Will Benedict act? '''Asia''': Obama's Return: What the US President's visit to [[Indonesia]] means for [[Asia]]
|-
!April 5
|An image of the USA composed of pieces of medical equipment
|Health Care Reform Comes to America
|-
!April 12
|[[Steve Jobs]]
|Inside Steve's Pad
|-
!April 19
|'''US''': Schoolchild sat at a desk '''Europe, Middle East, South Pacific & Africa''': Army officer training in [[Wales]] (closeup) '''Asia''': The back of [[Barack Obama]]'s head on a [[Chinese flag]] background
|'''US''': Should Schools Bribe Kids? '''Europe, Middle East, South Pacific & Africa''': Why Britain's election Should Be About Her '''Asia''': Obama's [[China]] Challenge
|-
!April 26
|Road with soldiers on '''Asia (alternate)''': [[Benigno Aquino III]]
|A Captain's Story '''Asia (alternate)''': The New Aquino: Can Noynoy save the [[Philippines]]?
|-
!May 3
|A [[contraceptive pill]]
|The Pill: So Small. So powerful. And so misunderstood.
|-
!May 10
|[[Didier Drogba]], [[Lady Gaga]], and [[Bill Clinton]] ([[Time 100|''Time'' 100]])
|The 100 most influential people in the world
|-
!May 17
|Ship in a sea full of spilled oil
|[[Deepwater Horizon oil spill|The Big Spill: What the US oil disaster means for the future of energy]]
|-
!May 24
|'''US''': [[Elizabeth Warren]], [[Mary Schapiro]], and [[Sheila Bair]] '''Europe''': [[Nick Clegg]] and [[David Cameron]]
|'''US''': The New Sheriffs of [[Wall Street]] '''Europe''': Britain's Fresh Faces '''Asia''': Multicolour writing which reads "The Best of Asia"
|-
!May 31
|A photo montage of thousands of individual profile pictures, with "[[Facebook]]" across the middle<ref>{{cite web|author=Jennifer Van Grove |url=http://mashable.com/2010/05/20/time-magazine-facebook-2/ |title=Facebook Privacy Makes The Cover of Time Magazine |publisher=[[Mashable]] |access-date=March 18, 2013}}</ref>
|Facebook... and how it's redefining privacy
|-
!June 7
|[[Pope Benedict XVI]]
|Why Being [[Pope]] Means Never Having to Say You're Sorry
|-
!June 14
|Cartoon South African footballer kicking a ball
|The Global Game
|-
!June 21
|An oil covered bird
|How to Clean Up The Mess
|-
!June 28
|'''US''': A crumpled car license plate with the inscription "BNKRPT More Taxes, Fewer Services" '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Small sick child wrapped up in bed
|'''US''': The Broken States of America '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Fight Against [[Malaria]]
|-
!July 5
|'''US''': [[Thomas Edison]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Refugees looking through bars
|'''US''': How one powerful idea changed America '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Seeking refuge
|-
!July 12
|'''US''': Capital dome over a pile of cash. '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''':European hot air balloon is on floor while American and Chinese ones float overhead
|'''US''': The Best Laws Money Can Buy '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''':Why Europe Can't Get Off the Ground
|-
!July 19
|Bryan Moore
|The Only Child Myth
|-
!July 26
|'''US''': Jagged red and black arrows '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': [[David Cameron]] '''Asia''': Burmese soldier walking
|'''US''': The Economy Is Back [black up arrow]. The Economy Stinks [red down arrow]. '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': The Pragmatic Partner: Britain's David Cameron gets ready to visit the US – without stars in his eyes '''Asia''': Burma's Long March
|-
!August 2
|'''US''': Illustration of child throwing a stone into a pond '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': Landscape of cornfield with hill in the background '''Asia''': Man pushing a large red circle (of the [[Japanese flag]]) up a steep icy mountain
|'''US''': The Case Against [[Summer vacation|Summer Vacation]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': France's Rural Revolution '''Asia''': Japan's Tough Climb
|-
!August 9
|[[Bibi Aisha]]
|What Happens if We Leave [[Afghanistan]]
|-
!August 16
|A grey dog, with a [[thought bubble]] saying "Way to go, Einstein"
|What Animals Think: New science reveals they're smarter than we realized
|-
!August 23
|[[Jonathan Franzen]]
|Great American Novelist
|-
!August 30
|A [[star and crescent|crescent and star]] coloured with the American stars and stripes
|Is America Islamophobic?
|-
!September 6
|'''US''': An ordinary bungalow in a residential area '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Five tomatoes attached on a vine
|'''US''': Rethinking Homeownership: Why owning a home no longer makes economic sense '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Real Cost of [[Organic Food]]
|-
!September 13
|'''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': [[Tony Blair]] '''US/Asia''': A [[Star of David]] made out of daisies.
|'''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': Blair on America Why Israel Doesn't Care About Peace
|-
!September 20
|'''US''': Yellow [[school bus]] with pupils waving out the windows '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Woman cooks on outdoor fire by building
|'''US''': What Makes a School Great '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Pakistan]]'s Despair: After the Great Flood, a nation and its people pray for a new beginning
|-
!September 27
|A tea cup with an elephant's trunk hanging out
|It's Tea Party Time
|-
!October 4
|A figure of a pregnant female floating
|How the first nine months shape the rest of your life
|-
!October 11
|A member of the [[Ohio Defense Force]], a private militia
|Locked & Loaded: The Secret World of Extreme Militias
|-
!October 18
|'''Asia/South Pacific''': [[Wen Jiabao]] '''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa''': A [[motorhome]] drives along a road with a large cloud overhead
|'''Asia/South Pacific''': Wen's World '''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa''': An American Journey
|-
!November 25
|A woman's face, half of it faded out to whiteness
|[[Alzheimer's]]: At last some progress against the most stubborn disease
|-
!November 1
|A yellow "perfect" house is viewed through a [[picket fence]] from the ground
|How to Restore the [[American Dream]]
|-
!November 8
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': [[Meg Whitman]], [[Marco Rubio]], [[Rand Paul]], and [[Christine O'Donnell]] '''Asia''': Burmese teenagers stand in a line, laughing
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': Party Crashers '''Asia''': Young [[Burma]]
|-
!November 15
|[[John Boehner]]
|Mr. Speaker: How John Boehner will rule the House
|-
!November 22
|'''US''': A [[joint (cannabis)|joint]], positioned vertically up the page '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Man wears hard-hat with many gadgets attached to it
|'''US''': The United States of Amerijuana '''US''': The 50 Best Inventions of 2010
|-
!November 29
|'''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific/Asia''': [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] '''US''': A bride and groom hold hands, viewed from the back
|'''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific/Asia''': The Lady Returns '''US''': Who Needs [[Marriage]]?
|-
!December 6
|Disorganized section boxes with writing in (all red)
|What Really Happened 2000–2010
|-
!December 13
|[[Julian Assange]]
|Do you want to know a secret?
|-
!December 20
|'''US''': [[Sarah Palin]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': An Indonesian collects ash-covered corn
|'''US''': Palin in Progress '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Best of 2010
|-
!December 27
|[[Mark Zuckerberg]] ([[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year]])
|Person of the Year
|}

==2011==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 10
|[[Aung San Suu Kyi]]
|The Fighter
|-
!January 17
|'''US''': A man stands in shallow water with a telescope '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A Marine carries a wounded Afghan child
|'''US''': Where the jobs are '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Fragile Progress in Afghanistan
|-
!January 24
|[[Jared Lee Loughner]]
|[[2011 Tucson shooting|Guns. Speech. Madness.]]
|-
!January 31
|'''US/Asia/South Pacific''': Small child plays violin next to a tall mother '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': Dark track through a forest
|'''US/Asia/South Pacific''': The Truth About Tiger Moms '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': Not Out of The Woods
|-
!February 7
|[[Barack Obama]] & [[Ronald Reagan]]
|Why Obama ♥ Reagan
|-
!February 14
|[[Egyptian Revolution of 2011|Egyptian Revolutionaries]]
|[[Revolution]]. And what it means for the [[Middle East]].
|-
!February 21
|Back of a head with wire coming out the neck
|2045: The Year Man Becomes Immortal
|-
!February 28
|A group of young activists in [[Cairo]]
|The Generation Changing the World
|-
!March 7
|'''US''': A human's back, hunched in pain '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Muammar Gaddafi]]
|'''US''': Understanding Pain '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Last Stand
|-
!March 14
|A hand points downwards, with the finger reading "We're #1"
|Yes, America Is in Decline
|-
!March 21
|'''US''': A head silhouette composed by coloured strips with writing on: the words are things that would describe an individual '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A human's back, hunched in pain
|'''US''': [Shopping tag] Your Data For Sale: Everything about you is being tracked – get over it '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Understanding Pain
|-
!March 28
|A woman sobs after the [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami|Koji Haga Japan earthquake]]
|Japan's Meltdown
|-
!April 4
|[[Muammar Gaddafi]]
|What If He Doesn't Go?: The War Against Gadaffi
|-
!April 11
|Nugget of [[shale]]
|This Rock Could Power the World
|-
!April 18
|'''US''': [[Abraham Lincoln]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': An [[Eye of Horus]] with a victory fist inside
|'''US''': Why We're Still Fighting The Civil War '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Egypt's Unfinished Revolution
|-
!April 25
|'''US''': An image of demons '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Older man riding a bicycle
|'''US''': What if there's no Hell? '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Forever Young: More people are behaving as if they'll never grow old. Is that such a good idea?
|-
!May 2
|Images of the People on the ''Time'' 100 2011
|The ''Time'' 100
|-
!May 9
|[[Robert Mueller]]
|The Terrorist Hunter
|-
!May 16
|[[Prince William, Duke of Cambridge]] and [[Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge]]
|[[Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton|The Royal Wedding]] [Special Commemorative Issue]
|-
!May 20
|'''US''': [[Osama bin Laden]] with a red cross over his face
|'''US''': [[Death of Osama Bin Laden|The End of Bin Laden]]
|-
!May 23
|[[Rubik's cube]] with American and Pakistani flags instead of the regular multicolouring
|Why The US Is Stuck With [[Pakistan]]
|-
!May 30
|Small piglet at the bottom right corner, the rest of the page is devoted to the caption
|Sex. Lies. Arrogance. What Makes Powerful Men Act Like Pigs
|-
!June 6
|A brain drawing with areas of optimism and pessimism
|The Science of [[Optimism]]
|-
!June 13
|'''US''': [[Mehmet Oz]] and a patient '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A rhinoceros
|'''US''': Health Special Report '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Rhinos at Risk
|-
!June 20
|A [[United States one dollar bill|one dollar bill]] sliced into five progressively smaller pieces
|What Recovery: Five Myths About the Economy
|-
!June 27
|'''US''': [[Mitt Romney]], [[Jon Huntsman, Jr.]], [[Tim Pawlenty]], [[Newt Gingrich]], [[Michele Bachmann]], [[Rick Santorum]], [[Ron Paul]], [[Sarah Palin]], & [[Herman Cain]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Mehmet Oz]] and a patient
|'''US''': Baracketology '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Taking Cancer Seriously
|-
!July 4
|[[United States Constitution]] with the lower half [[paper shredder|shredded]]
|Does the US Constitution Still Matter
|-
!July 11
|Two crosses in the ground marking deaths
|Mexico's tragedy
|-
!July 18
|A fish lying on blue
|The future of fish: Can farming save the last wild food?
|-
!July 25
|[[Rupert Murdoch]]
|[[News International phone hacking scandal|SCANDAL!]]
|-
!August 8
|'''US''': A woman cleans up while a man stands behind a wall with a baby '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A man leads two camels through the desert
|'''US''': Chore wars '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Travels through Islam
|-
!August 15
|[[George Washington]] from a [[United States one-dollar bill]] with a black eye
|The Great American Downgrade
|-
!August 22
|Tracksuited figure walks in front of burning background. The image is tinted red.
|The Decline And Fall of [[Europe]] (And maybe the West)
|-
!August 29
|Ex-servicepeople
|The '''new''' greatest generation
|-
!September 5
|[[Muammar Gaddafi]]
|The World After Gaddafi
|-
!September 12
|A circle of food items
|What to Eat Now
|-
!September 19
|[[Tribute in Light]] viewed from space
|Beyond 9/11
|-
!September 25
|[[Rick Perry]]
|The Rise of Rick Perry
|-
!October 3
|'''US''': Three children sit at a table; one has a large slice of cake, the others have small slices '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A [[5 euro note]] split in half and taped together with black, red and yellow tape (the [[German flag]])
|'''US''': Why Mom Liked You Best: The Science of Favoritism '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Why Germany Can't Save the World
|-
!October 10
|'''US''': Pile of banknotes slashed in half leaving it low on the right hand side '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific ''': [[Dalai Lama]]'s robes, spectacles and shadow with no person inside
|'''US''': What We Spend [Special Money Issue] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Tibet's Next Incarnation
|-
!October 17
|[[Steve Jobs]] (young)
|Steve Jobs
----
1955 – 2011
|-
!October 24
|'''US''': A lone loudspeaker sits in blackness '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A valley
|'''US''': The Return of The Silent Majority '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Why the US will never save Afghanistan
|-
!October 31
|'''US''': Chinese child blows [[bubble gum]] which is red with stars (the [[Chinese flag]]) '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Tintin (character)|Tintin]] looks into a mirror to see himself reflected as he is in the animated film ''[[The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn]]''
|'''US''': The [[China]] Bubble '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Inside Tintin
|-
!November 7
|[[Hillary Clinton]]
|Hillary Clinton & The Rise of Smart Power
|-
!November 14
|'''US''': Two broken pencils and two unbroken pencils alternately '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Three children sit at a table; one has a large slice of cake, the others have small slices
|'''US''': Can You Still Move Up in America? '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Why Mom Liked You Best: The Science of Favoritism
|-
!November 21
|'''US''': [[United States Army]] soldiers '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': [[Silvio Berlusconi]] '''Asia''': A green elephant ([[India]]) fights a red dragon (China)
|'''US''': An Army Apart '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': The Man Behind The World's Most Dangerous Economy '''Asia''': India vs. China: Which Economy Will Rule The World?
|-
!November 28
|'''US''': A mechanical hummingbird '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]]
|'''US''': The Invention Issue '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Erdogan's Way
|-
!December 5
|'''US''': String of wool held by cartoon figure '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Activist wearing a gas mask walks away from a fire in the street
|'''US''': Why [[Anxiety]] is Good For You '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Revolution Redux
|-
!December 12
|'''US''': [[Mitt Romney]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': [[Vladimir Putin]] '''Asia/South Pacific''': [[Aung San Suu Kyi]]
|'''US''': Why Don't They Like Me? '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': The Putin Problem '''Asia/South Pacific''': Brave New Burma
|-
!December 19
|'''US''': Hundreds of cars line up with caption over them '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Sergio Marchionn sits inside a [[Fiat 500]]
|'''US''': How America Started Selling Cars Again '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Car Star
|-
!December 26
|The Protester (representing all activists)
|[[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year]]
|}

==2012==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 9
|Background of every headline from the previous year in multicolours, while the large numbers 20 and 12 hold the caption in the bottom of the first "2"
|User's Guide: Essential Info For The Year Ahead
|-
!January 16
|'''US''': [[Mitt Romney]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Dead person lies on tarmac
|'''US''': So You Like Me Now?: How Mitt Romney pulled ahead of the pack '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Pakistan's Dark Heart
|-
!January 23
|[[Warren Buffett]]
|The Optimist: why Warren Buffett is bullish on America
|-
!January 30
|[[Barack Obama]]
|Obama's World: An exclusive interview.
|-
!February 6
|'''US''': Small boy stands in corner of large room with a megaphone '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Lionel Messi]]
|'''US''': The Power Of (shyness) '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': King Leo
|-
!February 13
|[[Preet Bharara]]
|This Man Is Busting Wall St.
|-
!February 20
|'''US''': Large dog sits with a small one '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Mario Monti]]
|'''US''': The Surprising Science of Animal Friendships '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Can This Man Save Europe?
|-
!February 27
|'''US, Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': [[Kim Jong-un]] '''Asia''': [[Jeremy Lin]]
|'''US, Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': Lil' Kim '''Asia''': [[Linsanity]]!
|-
!March 7
|'''US''': Images of Latin people '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Vladimir Putin]] stands small at the bottom of the page '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': [[Youssou N'Dour]]
|'''US''': Yo Decido. Why Latinos will pick the next president. '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Russia's Incredible Shrinking Prime Minister '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': Voice of Protest
|-
!March 12
|Lightbulb
|Who will save [[Syria]]?/10 ideas that are changing your life
|-
!March 19
|Battered Syrian street
|Escape From Syria
|-
!March 26
|'''US''': Woman symbol made of folded up money '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[René Redzepi]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': [[Joseph Kony]] '''Asia (alternate)''': [[Narendra Modi]]
|'''US''': The Richer $ex '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Locavore Hero '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': Hunting Joseph #Kony '''Asia (alternate)''': Modi Means Business: But Can He Lead [[India]]?
|-
!April 2
|Weak man flexes muscles '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': [[Nicolas Sarkozy]]
|The Wimpy recovery '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': Adieu? Nicolas Sarkozy faces the prospect of being a one-term president
|-
!April 9
|An oil drop
|The Truth About [[Oil]]
|-
!April 16
|Man sits on stool surrounced by cloud, looking through binoculars
|Rethinking [[Heaven]]
|-
!April 23
|'''US/Asia/South Pacific''': [[George W. Bush]], [[Barack Obama]] and [[Bill Clinton]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': [[Juan Manuel Santos]]
|'''US/Asia/South Pacific''': The World's Most Expensive Club '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': The Columbian Comeback
|-
!April 30
|100
|The 100 Most Influential People in the World
|-
!May 7
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia''': Headline with helicopters '''Asia (alternate)/South Pacific''': [[Bo Xilai]]
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia''': The Last Days of [[Osama bin Laden]] '''Asia (alternate)/South Pacific''': Red Alert
|-
!May 14
|[[Bo Xilai]] (coloured red)
|The People's Republic of Scandal
|-
!May 21
|'''US''': Child stands on chair to suckle his mother's breast '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia''': [[Francois Hollande]] '''Asia (alternate)/South Pacific''': [[Sachin Tendulkar]]
|'''US''': Are you mum enough? '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia''': Bonjour, Anglela '''Asia (alternate)/South Pacific''': The God of [[Cricket]]
|-
!May 24
|'''US''': [[Lee Corso]] 
|-
!May 28
|[[Benjamin Netanyahu]]
|King Bibi
|-
!June 4
|'''US''': [[Lenore Romney|Lenore]] & [[Mitt Romney]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Elizabeth II]]
|'''US''': Raising Romney '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Diamond Queen
|-
!June 11
|'''US''': All red, with white headline in the center '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Wayne Rooney]] after [[England national football team|England]] left the [[2010 World Cup]] '''Asia (alternate)''': [[Hamid Karzai]]
|'''US''': How To Die: What I Learned From The Last Days Of My Mom and Dad '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Tragedy Of [[English Football]] '''Asia (alternate)''': Karzai Alone
|-
!June 18
|'''US''': [[Anthony Kennedy]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Red with Chinese fire-breathing dragon
|'''US''': The Decider '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Next Leap Forward
|-
!June 25
|Immigrants gather
|We are Americans – Just not legally
|-
!July 2
|'''US''': Garden scenes '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': iPhone layering with factory inside
|'''US''': The History of the American Dream: Is it still real? '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Made in China]]
|-
!July 9
|Masked activist (red) '''Asia (alternate)''': [[Leung Chun-ying]]
|The Revolution That Wasn't '''Asia (alternate)''': Can [[Hong Kong]] Trust This Man?
|-
!July 16
|'''US''': [[John Roberts]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': [[Angela Merkel]] '''Asia''': [[Manmohan Singh]]
|'''US''': Roberts Rules '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': Why Everybody Loves To Hate Angela Merkel: And why everybody is wrong. '''Asia''': The Underachiever
|-
!July 23
|'''US''': A lone soldier stands to play a bugle salute '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Foggy black and white photograph of the [[Palace of Westminster]]
|'''US''': One A Day '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Barclays]] is Just The Beginning
|-
!July 30
|Many [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] sportspeople from [[2012 Summer Olympics|London 2012]], variating by region
|[[Summer Olympics]] Special
|-
!August 6
|Red gun schematic
|[[2012 Aurora, Colorado shooting|How Guns Won]]
|-
!August 13
|'''US''': The [[White House]] with a 'for sale' sign outside reading $2.5 billion '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Darkened figure
|'''US''': How to Buy The White House '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Battle For [[Jerusalem]]
|-
!August 20
|[[Curiosity rover]]
|Mars: What we can learn from a robot 154 million miles away '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Mars]]: what we can learn from a robot 248 km away
|-
!August 27
|Many pictures
|The Wireless Issue
|-
!September 3
|[[Mitt Romney]]
|The Mind of Mitt
|-
!September 10
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Barack Obama]] '''Asia (alternative)''': [[Aamir Khan]]
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': What Obama Knows Now '''Asia (alternative)''': Khan's Quest
|-
!September 17
|'''US''': Headline in the style of an American [[banknote]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A man stands on a [[tank]]
|'''US''': One Nation Subsidized: How Big Government underwrites your life '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The End of [[Al-Qaeda]]?
|-
!September 24
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': Protesting Arabs '''Asia''': Red paper wall on bottom of page against black background '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternative)''': [[Paul Kagame]]
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': The Agents of Outrage '''Asia''': The New Great Wall '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternative)''': The Strong Man
|-
!October 1
|[[Bill Clinton]]
|5 Ideas That Are Changing The World
|-
!October 8
|[[Mitt Romney]] image in a stained glass window
|The [[Mormon]] Identity
|-
!October 15
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Mitt Romney]] and [[Barack Obama]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': [[Enda Kenny]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternative)''': [[Mahmoud Abbas]]
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Who is tiling the truth? The Fact Wars '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': The Celtic Comeback '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternative)''': Abbas Undaunted
|-
!October 22
|[[Xi Jinping]]
|The Next Leader of the Unfree World
|-
!October 29
|'''US''': Fancy blackboard '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Light bulb in Indian colours
|'''US''': Reinventing College '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Reinventing India
|-
!November 5
|'''US''': [[Daniel Day-Lewis]] as [[Abraham Lincoln]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Daniel Day-Lewis]]
|'''US''': What Would Lincoln Do? '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The World's Greatest Actor
|-
!November 12
|'''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Mario Balotelli]] '''US''': Red/blue circles saying "Vote Romney" or "Vote Obama '''US''': Wave on a stormy sea
|'''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Meaning of Mario '''US''': [[2012 United States presidential election|Special Report: The Choice]] '''US''': [[Hurricane Sandy|Lessons from the Storm]]
|-
!November 19
|[[Barack Obama]]
|'We've Got More Work to Do'
|-
!November 26
|'''US''': [[David Petraeus]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Red microphone
|'''US''': The Petraeus Affair '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Bad News at the [[BBC]]
|-
!December 3
|'''US/Asia/South Pacific''': Different food groups arranged into eight squares around the caption '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': A tree behind which is a large sun
|'''US/Asia/South Pacific''': What To Eat Now'''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': Africa Rising
|-
!December 10
|'''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Mohamed Morsi]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternative)''': [[Enrique Peña Nieto]]
|'''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Most Important Man in the Middle East '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternative)''': Old Party, New Stuart
|-
!December 17
|'''US''': [[Roger Goodell]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Imran Khan]] '''Asia (alternative)''': Red circle to the right of the page '''Asia (alternative)''': [[Park Geun-hye]]
|'''US''': The Enforcer '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Long Shot '''Asia (alternative)''': Japan Moves Right '''Asia (alternative)''': The Strongman's Daughter
|-
!December 24
|A baby with many labels of illnesses, such as [[cancer]], [[dementia]] and [[obesity]]
|Want To Know My Future?
|-
!December 31
|[[Barack Obama]]
|[[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year 2012]]
|}

==2013==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 14
|'''US''': Operation bed '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Image of the [[polio virus]]
|'''US''': 40 years ago, abortion-rights activists won an epic victory with Roe V. Wade: They've Been Losing Ever Since '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Killing Polio
|-
!January 21
|'''US''': [[Chris Christie]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Thein Sein]]
|'''US''': The Boss. '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Burma]] Unbound
|-
!January 28
|'''US''': [[Michael Bloomberg]], [[Joe Biden]] and [[Gabby Giffords]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Mario Draghi]]
|'''US''': The Gunfighters '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Euro Vision]]
|-
!February 4
|[[Kathryn Bigelow]]
|Art of [[Darkness]]
|-
!February 11
|[[Unmanned combat air vehicle|drone]] flying over a house
|Rise of the Drones
|-
!February 18
|[[Marco Rubio]]
|Marco Rubio & The Next America
|-
!February 25
|[[Pope Benedict XVI]]
|[[Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI|The Once And Future Pope]]
|-
!March 4
|'''US''': Tablet with "Bitter pill" inscribed on it '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Indian man holds cloth over mouth and nose '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': [[Neymar]]
|'''US''': Why Medical Bills Are Killing US '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''':
Contagion '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': The Next [[Pelé]]
|-
!March 11
|[[Oscar Pistorius]]
|{{center|[[Trial of Oscar Pistorius|Man Superman <big>Gunman</big>]]}}
|-
!March 18
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Sheryl Sandberg]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': [[Hugo Chávez]]
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Don't Hate Her Because She's Successful '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': After Chávez
|-
!March 25
|[[Pope Francis]]
|[[Papal inauguration of Pope Francis|New World Pope]]
|-
!April 1
|Cancerous microbe
|How to Cure [[Cancer]]
|-
!April 8
|'''US''': Gay couples kissing '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Christine Lagarde]]
|'''US''': Gay Marriage Already Won '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Can This Woman Save Europe?
|-
!April 15
|Pastor Wilfredo de Jesus
|The Latino Reformation
|-
!April 22
|Headline showing robots welding it
|[[Made in the USA]]
|-
!April 29
|[[Jennifer Lawrence]]/[[Malala Yousafzai]]/[[Li Na]]/[[Elon Musk]]/[[Aamir Khan]]/[[Jay-Z]]/[[Rand Paul]]
|The 100 Most Influential People in the World
|-
!May 13
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': The [[Statue of Liberty]] holding security cameras '''Asia''': [[Uniqlo]] roll-up vest
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': Homeland Insecurity '''Asia''': Can This Vest Save [[Japan]]?
|-
!May 20
|A woman taking picture of herself with an [[iPhone]]
|The Me Me Me Generation
|-
!May 27
|[[Angelina Jolie]]
|The Angelina Effect
|-
!June 3
|'''US/Asia/South Pacific''': A stormy tornado sky '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': [[David Cameron]]
|'''US''': 16 minutes. that's how much time you have to save your life. The story of the Oklahoma tornado. '''Asia/South Pacific''': 16 minutes. That's how much time Oklahomans had to save their lives from a killer tornado. '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': The Good European
|-
!June 10
|'''US''': [[Rahm Emanuel]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Barbed wire jail, tinged red
|'''US''': Chicago Bull '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Why Gitmo Will Never Close
|-
!June 17
|[[Chinese paper cutting]] artwork featuring China at the middle of the earth by [[Ai Wei Wei]]
|The World According to [[China]]
|-
!June 24
|[[Aaron Swartz]], [[Edward Snowden]], [[Chelsea Manning]]
|[[Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)|The Informers]]
|-
!July 1
|'''US''': Decorators painting the background blue '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Ashin Wirathu|Wirathu]]
|'''US''': How service can save us '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Face of [[Buddhist]] Terror
|-
!July 8
|Female head silhouette filled with cartoons
|The Pursuit of [[Happiness]]
|-
!July 22
|Street protesters, right half red
|Egypt: World's Best Protestors – World's Worst Democrats: The Street Rules
|-
!July 29
|'''US''': An X-ray image of a hoodie '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Pope Francis]]
|'''US''':[[Killing of Trayvon Martin|After Trayvon]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The People's Pope
|-
!August 5
|A city skyline showing skyscrapers
|'''US''': Is your city next? : Lessons from Detroit's fight to survive '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': America's Broken Cities: Lessons from [[Detroit]]'s fight to survive
|-
!August 12
|'''US''': A young couple relaxing on the beach '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A golden [[euro sign]] being tugged on by ribbons in the colours of the [[German flag]]
|'''US''': The [[childfree]] life '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Why [[Germany]] must save the [[Euro]] to save itself
|-
!August 19
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa''': A lone bee on a black background '''Asia/South Pacific''': A selection of Australian people
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa''': A world without bees '''Asia/South Pacific''': We are Australia: The true face of the lucky country
|-
!August 26
|[[Martin Luther King Jr.]]
|Founding Father
|-
!September 9
|[[Barack Obama]] (small)
|The Unhappy Warrior
|-
!September 16
|'''US''': [[Johnny Manziel]] from below '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Vladimir Putin]]
|'''US''': It's time to pay college athletes '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The World According to Vladimir Putin
|-
!September 23
|'''US/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Charging Bull]] wearing a [[party hat]] and surrounded by confetti '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': [[Angela Merkel]]
|'''US/Asia/South Pacific''': How Wall Street Won: Five Years After the Crash, It Could All Happen Again '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': The Angela Enigma
|-
!September 30
|Mainly the headline and caption, with the word "Google" stylized as the [[Google logo]]
|Can [[Google]] Solve [[Death]]?
|-
!October 7
|'''US''':Young children in [[academic dress]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Japanese military aircraft
|'''US''':Class of 2025: How they'll learn and what they'll pay '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Japan]] Rising
|-
!October 14
|'''US''': monochrome [[United States Capitol]] in cloudy sky '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Hassan Rouhani]]
|'''US''': [[United States federal government shutdown of 2013|crossed-out "Majority Rule"]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': What's the deal?
|-
!October 21
|'''US''': [[Michael Bloomberg]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The back of [[Barack Obama]]'s head
|'''US''': Bloomberg Unbound '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Asia's Obama Problem
|-
!October 28
|'''US''': Texas outline cartoon composed of the 49 other states '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Benedict Cumberbatch]]
|'''US''': United States of Texas '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Playing Genius
|-
!November 4
|[[Charles, Prince of Wales]]
|The Forgotten Prince
|-
!November 11
|Laptop trapped in large spiders' web
|The [[Dark web|Secret Web]]: Where Drugs, [[Porn]] and Murder Hide Online
|-
!November 18
|'''US''': [[Chris Christie]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[David Chang]], [[René Redzepi]], [[Alex Atala]]
|'''US''': The Elephant in the Room '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Gods of Food
|-
!November 25
|'''US''': [[John F. Kennedy]] shortly before [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|his assassination]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A woman stands among the wreckage caused by [[Typhoon Haiyan]] in [[Tacloban]], [[Philippines]].
|'''US''': The Moment That Changed America '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The [[Typhoon]]'s Toll
|-
!December 2
|'''US''': A broken [[Tablet (pharmacy)|tablet]] with [[Obamacare]] written on it '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Illustration of a large pair of hands holding a Chinese baby
|'''US''': Broken Promise: What This Means For This Presidency '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[One-child policy|China's One Child Crisis]]
|-
!December 9
|'''US''': A deer standing in a field '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Barack Obama]]
|'''US''': America's pest problem '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Obama's [[Iran]] Gamble
|-
!December 16
|'''US''': [[Carl Icahn]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]]
|'''US''': Master of the Universe '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Al-Qaeda]]'s Dark Star Rises
|-
!December 19
|[[Nelson Mandela]]
|Protester, Prisoner, Peacemaker
|-
!December 23
|[[Pope Francis]]
|[[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year 2013]]
|-
!December 30
|A shark jumping to eat a seal
|The year in pictures
|-
|}

==2014==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 13
|'''US''': [[Seth Meyers]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': 2014
|'''US''': 2014: The Year Ahead '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A User's Guide
|-
!January 20
|[[Janet Yellen]]
|The Sixteen Trillion Dollar Woman: The U.S. economy is now in her hands, what will Janet Yellen do with it?
|-
!January 27
|Woman's leg in high heel shoe, [[Barack Obama|Obama]] hanging on to the heel
|Can anyone stop Hillary?: How to scare off your rivals without actually running (yet)
|-
!February 3
|Woman smelling breeze
|The Mindful Revolution: The science of finding focus in a stressed-out, multitasking culture
|-
!February 10
|'''US''': Cartoon of an Olympic skier with [[Olympic rings]] made of barbed wire '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Yulia Lipnitskaya]]
|Olympic Preview Fears & Cheers: Inside [[Sochi]]'s Ring of Steel
|-
!February 17
|"Hyperspace" with yellow writing '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': [[Francois Hollande]]
|The Infinity Machine '''Europe, Middle East, Africa (alternate)''': Francois Hollande's greatest challenge is not his personal life-it's his reform plan. Can he fix [[France]]?
|-
!February 24
|'''US''': A university graduate with "just hired" written on his mortarboard '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Enrique Peña Nieto]]
|'''US''': The diploma that works: Inside the six-year high school '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Saving Mexico: How Enrique Peña Nieto's sweeping reforms have changed the narrative in his narco-stained nation
|-
!March 3
|The [[American Airlines]] Integrated Operations Control Center in Fort Worth during the [[February 11–17, 2014 North American winter storm|February 13 East Coast blizzard]]
|'''US''': Airport Confidential: Who Really Decides Which Flights Get Canceled '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Airport Confidential: A View From The Other Side of a Travel Nightmare
|-
!March 10
|'''US''': A group of Healthcare.gov developers '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Maidan Nezalezhnosti|Independence Square]] in [[Kyiv]], Ukraine, battered during [[Euromaidan]]
|'''US''': Code Red_ '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': This isn't over
|-
!March 17
|'''US''': View from the top of [[One World Trade Center]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Vladimir Putin]]'s right half face and people rallying during [[Euromaidan]]
|'''US''': The Top of America: The Inside Story of Building One World Trade Center '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Putin's Gamble: Russia's leader seems to hold all the cards in [[Crimea]]. But he hasn't won yet
|-
!March 24
|[[Key & Peele]]
|The Ideas Issue
|-
!March 31
|'''US''': Landmasses fashioned as fighting men '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Black lines which resembles the [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 370]]
|'''US''': This Land is My Land: [[annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|Russia, Crimea, and a Return to the Old World Order]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Mystery of Flight 370
|-
!April 7
|'''US''': [[Jon Hamm]] and [[Christina Hendricks]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': People supporting their candidates in the upcoming [[2014 Indian general election]] and a [[flag of India]]
|'''US''': The Last Days of [[Mad Men]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': What India Wants: 814 million voters expect more from their leaders
|-
!April 14
|Afghan women awaiting voter registration
|Return of the [[Taliban]]: These women want to vote. The Taliban wants to stop them. What America leaves behind in [[Afghanistan]]
|-
!April 21
|'''US''': [[Synthetic marijuana]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A [[Jewish]] man praying
|'''US''': It's Sold openly in stores, popular with kids and unpredictably dangerous. The Rise of Fake Pot '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Christians]] and Tyrants: Why the [[Middle East]]'s persecuted minority is making unholy choices
|-
!April 28
|'''US''': A forest nightscape punctuated by the Moon '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Shinzo Abe]]
|'''US''': Finding God in the Dark '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Patriot: Shinzo Abe dreams of a more powerful, assertive [[Japan]]. Why that makes many people uncomfortable?
|-
!May 5/May 12
|[[Beyoncé]]
|The 100 Most Influential People
|-
!May 19
|[[Vladimir Putin]]
|<s>Premier</s>. <s>President</s>. [[Czar]]. What Putin Wants.
|-
!May 26
|'''US''': A college pennant with "rape" written on it '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': [[Marine Le Pen]] '''Asia/South Pacific''': [[Li Na]]
|'''US''': [[Campus sexual assault|The Crisis in Higher Education]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa''': Plan of Attack: Can Marine Le Pen destroy the European Union from the inside? '''Asia/South Pacific''': The Passion of Li Na: Why her greatest victory might have been against [[China]]'s sport machine
|-
!June 2
|'''US''': Emalyn Aubrey Randolph '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Narendra Modi]]
|'''US''': Emalyn was due in June. She arrived in March. Saving Preemies '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': 1.2 billion people await his next move: The outsized hopes-and fears-that accompany Narendra Modi, India's New Leader
|-
!June 9
|'''US''': [[Laverne Cox]]. The first "out" [[transgender]] person on the cover of ''Time'' '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A boy salvages what remains in his home in the Old City area of Homs, Syria
|'''US''': The Transgender Tipping Point: America's next civil rights frontier '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Syrian Civil War|The Unwinnable War:]] Why Syrians on both sides of the brutal civil war want a return to normal
|-
!June 16
|[[Bowe Bergdahl]]
|Was He Worth It?: The Cost of Bringing Sgt. Bergdahl Home.
|-
!June 23
|Slice of [[butter]]
|Eat Butter: Scientists labeled [[fat]] the enemy. Why they were wrong.
|-
!June 30
|Map of the [[Middle East]] with [[Iraq]] burned out of the center
|The End of Iraq
|-
!July 7/July 14
|Model of a modern home
|The [[Smart Home|Smarter Home]]: The dwellings of the future will make you calmer, safer, richer, and healthier – and they already exist.
|-
!July 21
|Photo of hacker Aaron Portnoy from [[Exodus Intelligence]] along with illustration of lines of [[binary code]]
|World War Zero: The global battle to steal your secrets is turning [[hackers]] into arms dealers
|-
!July 28
|Bugs eat away at the white cover
|Space Invaders: From Russian beetles to giant African snails, the U.S. is under assault – and it's costing us billions.
|-
!August 4
|[[Vladimir Putin]] in the shadow of [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 17]]
|[[Cold War 2.0|Cold War II]]: The West is losing Putin's dangerous game
|-
!August 18
|Middle aged man in shorts and socks
|Manopause?!: Aging, insecurity, and the $2 billion [[testosterone]] industry
|-
!August 25
|[[Robin Williams]]
|Robin Williams: 1951–2014
|-
!September 1
|'''US''': Woman kneels in a street with her hands in the air amid tear gas '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Inside the tunnel with lights
|'''US''': [[Ferguson unrest|The Tragedy of Ferguson]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Fallout: How the Fukushima catastrophe has revealed the cracks in Japanese society
|-
!September 8/September 15
|'''US/Asia''': Numerous questions housed in colored bubbles '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': A blue background with flag of [[Scotland]]
|'''US/Asia''': The Answers Issue: Everything You Never Knew You Needed to Know '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': [[2014 Scottish independence referendum|EXIT: Why Scotland might quit the United Kingdom]]
|-
!September 22
|Numerous Apple-style apps superimposed on a male arm
|Never Offline.: The [[Apple Watch]] is just the start. How wearable tech will change your life – like it or not
|-
!September 29
|'''US''': [[Chad Stover]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[U2]]
|'''US''': He died playing this game. Is [[American football|football]] worth it? '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The new U2: the veteran rock band faces the future
|-
!October 6
|[[Mary Barra]]
|The Mechanic: Recalling 30 million cars is only the beginning. CEO Mary Barra's plan to fix [[General Motors]]
|-
!October 13
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa''': Man standing in hazmat protective gear '''Asia/South Pacific''': Man holding 2 umbrellas during a tear gas fight
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa''': Chasing [[Ebola]] '''Asia/South Pacific''': The Umbrella Revolution: [[Hong Kong]]'s fight for freedom is a challenge to [[China]]
|-
!October 20
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': A number of foods against a white background '''Asia''': [[Joshua Wong Chi-fung|Joshua Wong]]
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa/South Pacific''': How to Eat Now: The Truth About Home Cooking '''Asia''': The Face of Protest: Teenager Joshua Wong and the youth of Hong Kong are standing up for [[democracy]]. Can they win?
|-
!October 27
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa''': [[Rand Paul]] '''Asia/South Pacific''': [[Joko Widodo]]
|'''US/Europe, Middle East, Africa''': The Most Interesting Man in Politics: The Reinventions of Rand Paul '''Asia/South Pacific''': A New Hope: Indonesian President Joko Widodo is a force of democracy
|-
!November 3
|'''US''': A judge's gavel coming down on an apple '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': A hand glove against a white background
|'''US''': Rotten Apples: It's nearly impossible to fire a bad teacher. Some tech millionaires may have found a way to change that '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Stopping [[Ebola]]: The Risks and Realities of the [[Outbreak]]
|-
!November 10
|[[Anne Hathaway]], [[Matthew McConaughey]], [[Christopher Nolan]], and [[Jessica Chastain]]
|Beyond the Stars: Director Christopher Nolan enlists science to explore the soul in [[Interstellar (film)|Interstellar]]
|-
!November 17
|'''US''': Illustration of [[Mitch McConnell]] imitating the [[Barack Obama Hope poster]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Xi Jinping]]
|'''US''': Change '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': China's Leader Looms Large at Home and Abroad
|-
!November 24
|[[Taylor Swift]]
|The Power of Taylor Swift
|-
!December 1/December 7
|[[Benedict Cumberbatch]]
|The Genius Issue
|-
!December 15
|[[Mark Zuckerberg]]
|Half the World is Not Enough: Mark Zuckerberg's plan to get every human online
|-
!December 22/December 29
|Ebola fighters
|[[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year 2014]]
|-
!December 29/January 5, 2015
|'''US''': [[Scott Kelly (astronaut)|Scott Kelly]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Malecón, Havana]]
|'''US''': 2015: The Year Ahead '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Cuba]]: What the U.S. Decision Means for its Future
|}

==2015==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 19
|'''US:''' Surgical tray '''Europe, Middle East''': Bullet hole in glass '''Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Kei Nishikori]]
|'''US:''' What I Learned From My $190,000 Open-Heart Surgery: The surprising solution for fixing our health care system '''Europe, Middle East''': Terror in France: Why Officials Feared an Attack was Coming '''Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Way of Kei: Japanese [[Tennis]] Star Kei Nishikori Takes on the World
|-
!January 26
|[[Charlie Hebdo shooting|A flame moves down a row of matches]]
|After [[Paris]]: Lessons from the Attacks
|-
!February 2
|A gas can pours gas within the red borders
|Cheap [[Gasoline|Gas]]: How long can it last? How low will it go?
|-
!February 9
|One line of people walks away from a car, while another walks towards it
|Strangers Crashed My Car, Ate My Food, and Wore My Pants: Tales from the Sharing Economy
|-
!February 16
|[[Howard Schultz]]
|What [[Starbucks]] Knows About [[America]]
|-
!February 23/March 2
|Baby
|This Baby Could Live to Be 142 Years Old: Dispatches From the Frontiers of Longevity
|-
!March 9
|Black ISIS mask on a red background
|The [[ISIS]] Trap
|-
!March 16
|[[George H. W. Bush]], [[Jeb Bush]], and [[George W. Bush]], 1970
|The Bush Identity: Where Jeb Fits in the Family Business
|-
!March 23
|Silhouette of [[Hillary Clinton]]
|The Clinton Way: They write their own rules. Will it work this time?
|-
!March 30
|MaryAnn Anselmo and Marcia Stiefel, women with brain tumors
|Closing the [[Cancer]] Gap
|-
!April 6
|Street scene in Cuba
|[[Cuba]]: [[United States-Cuban Thaw|What Will Change When the Americans Arrive]]
|-
!April 13
|[[LGBT flag]] with a cross cut out
|Freedom Fight
|-
!April 20
|Video stills from [[Shooting of Walter Scott]]
|[[Black Lives Matter]]. This time the charge is murder.
|-
!April 27/May 4
|[[Bradley Cooper]], [[Misty Copeland]], [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]], [[Jorge Ramos (news anchor)|Jorge Ramos]], [[Kanye West]]
|The 100 Most Influential People
|-
!May 11
|Man running from line of police during [[2015 Baltimore riots]]
|America, <s>1968</s> 2015. What has changed. What hasn't.
|-
!May 18
|[[Narendra Modi]]
|Why Modi Matters: The world needs [[India]] to step up as a global power. One year in, can Narendra Modi deliver?
|-
!May 25
|Mouse smoking [[marijuana]]
|The Highly Divisive, Curiously Underfunded, and Strangely Promising World of Pot Science
|-
!June 1
|Empty beach
|Who Killed Summer Vacation?
|-
!June 8
|Empty electric chair
|The Last Execution: Why the era of capital punishment is ending
|-
!June 15
|Painkiller on a hook
|They're the most powerful painkillers even invented. And they're creating the worst addiction crisis America has ever seen.
|-
!June 22
|XQ test sheet laying on top of a man
|How High Is Your XQ? Your next job might depend on it.
|-
!June 29
|Gloved hands approaching a woman's face with surgical tools
|Nip. Tuck. Or Else. Now everybody gets work done. Will you?
|-
!July 6/July 13
|Graphic of different questions in colored boxes
|The Answers Issue
|-
!July 20
|[[Elizabeth Warren]]
|Who's Afraid of Elizabeth Warren?
|-
!July 27
|Atom symbol with [[Barack Obama]], [[Hassan Rouhani]], a nuclear launch, and one of the 1979–1981 Iranian hostages in the orbitals
|[[Iran]]: Tehran's New Power/Why It's a Good Deal
|-
!August 3
|[[George W. Bush]] and [[Bill Clinton]]
|Game of Thrones: Time talks 2016 with the most surprising couple in politics
|-
!August 17
|[[Palmer Luckey]] wearing an [[Oculus Rift]], superimposed over a photo of a tropical beach
|The Surprising Joy of Virtual Reality
|-
!August 24
|[[Philadelphia Police Department]] officers Sean Devlin and Mischel Matos on patrol
|What It's Like to Be a Cop in America: One Year After [[Ferguson unrest|Ferguson]]
|-
!August 31
|[[Donald Trump]]
|Deal With It
|-
!September 7/September 14
|[[Stephen Colbert]]
|Colbert...As You've Never Seen Him
|-
!September 21
|Question marks pop out of a red background
|The Question Everything Issue
|-
!September 28
|[[Bernie Sanders]]
|Bernie
|-
!October 5
|[[Pope Francis]]
|Pope Francis Meets [[America]]
|-
!October 12
|Woman performing a [[breast self-examination]]
|"What if I decide to just do nothing?" – [[breast cancer]]'s new frontier
|-
!October 19
|Refugees cross from [[Serbia]] into [[Croatia]]
|Special Report: Exodus – The Epic Migration to [[Europe]] & What Lies Ahead
|-
!October 26
|Smoke after jets strike the town of Daret Ezza
|[[Russia]] just wants to be friends
|-
!November 2
|Illustration of [[nuclear fusion|fusion]]
|Fusion: Unlimited energy. For everyone. Forever. It might actually work this time.
|-
!November 9
|Bacon arranged in an X
|The War on Delicious
|-
!November 16
|Iranian woman
|[[Iran]] 2025: How its next decade will change the world
|-
!November 23
|[[Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church]]
|What It Takes To Forgive a Killer
|-
!November 30/December 7
|The Eiffel Tower (replacing the I in ''TIME'') casts a large shadow
|[[November 2015 Paris attacks|World War ISIS]]
|-
!December 14
|[[BB-8]]/[[R2-D2]] (two covers)
|The Genius of ''[[Star Wars]]''
|-
!December 21
|[[Angela Merkel]]
|[[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year 2015]]
|-
!December 28/January 4, 2016
|[[Adele]]
|The Year Ahead
|}

==2016==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 18
|[[Donald Trump]] speaking at rally
|How Trump Won: Now he just needs the votes
|-
!January 25
|'''US:''' [[David Bowie]] '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Downward sloping line and arrow with "[[Made in China]]" tag 
|'''US:''' David Bowie: 1947–2016 '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': The Next [[Recession]] & Where to Hide 
|-
!February 1
|'''US:''' Sick child '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Protesters at a rally of the [[Pegida]] movement, [[Dresden]], [[Germany]] 
|'''US:''' [[Flint water crisis|The Poisoning of an American City]]: Toxic water. Sick kids. And the incompetent leaders who betrayed Flint '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Unwelcome: After the Cologne attacks, will Germany close its doors to refugees? 
|-
!February 8
|[[Barbie]] doll
|"Now Can We Stop Talking About My Body?": What Barbie's new shape says about American [[beauty]]
|-
!February 15
|[[Hillary Clinton]]
|"I know what it's like to be knocked down": A conversation with Hillary Clinton
|-
!February 22/February 29
|Silhouetted woman takes blue pill
|The [[Longevity]] Issue
|-
!March 7
|Top-down view of car with empty driver's seat
|No traffic. No accidents. No deaths. All you have to do is give up your right to drive.
|-
!March 14
|[[Donald Trump]] with checklist over face
|On the plane with Donald Trump
|-
!March 21
|[[Nancy Reagan|Nancy]] and [[Ronald Reagan]] at the [[1976 Republican National Convention]]
|What Happened to this [[Republican Party (United States)|Party]]?
|-
!March 28
|[[Tim Cook]]
|[[Apple Inc.|Apple]] CEO Tim Cook on his fight with the [[FBI]] and why he won't back down
|-
!April 4
|'''US:''' IV drip '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Passengers evacuated after [[2016 Brussels bombings|bombing of Maalbeek metro station in Brussels]] 
|'''US:''' What if your [[immune system]] could be taught to kill [[cancer]]? '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Under Siege 
|-
!April 11
|'''US:''' Blurred images of naked women '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Xi Jinping]] peeling away to reveal [[Mao Zedong]] 
|'''US:''' [[Porn]]: Why young men who grew up with Internet porn are becoming advocates for turning it off '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Chairman Xi 
|-
!April 18
|[[Ted Cruz]]
|Likable Enough?
|-
!April 25
|Notice in style of bill informing readers they owe $42,998.12 of national debt
|Make America Solvent Again
|-
!May 2/May 9
|[[Leonardo DiCaprio]], [[Nicki Minaj]], [[Priscilla Chan (philanthropist)|Priscilla Chan]], [[Mark Zuckerberg]], [[Christine Lagarde]], [[Lin-Manuel Miranda]], [[Priyanka Chopra]]
|The 100 Most Influential People
|-
!May 16
|[[aedes anopheles|Mosquito]]
|[[Zika virus|The Zika Virus]]
|-
!May 23
|[[United States one-dollar bill|One-dollar bill]] covered with multiple leaves
|[[Capitalism]]: The markets are choking our economy. How to save it.
|-
!May 30
|Six rolls of toilet paper, one for each color of the rainbow
|[[Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act|Battle of the Bathroom]]
|-
!June 6
|[[Bernie Sanders]] speaks at a [[Santa Monica]] rally
|How Far Will Bernie Go?
|-
!June 13
|[[Wedding rings]] locked together by [[heart-shaped lock]]
|How To Stay [[Married]] (And Why)
|-
!June 20
|[[Muhammad Ali]]
|The Greatest – Muhammad Ali: 1942–2016
|-
!June 27
|List of [[Orlando nightclub shooting]] victims on black background
|Why Did They Die?
|-
!July 4
|'''US:''' Scrambled picture of a baby '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Mosul offensive (2016)|Kurdish soldier looking out over Mosul]] 
|'''US:''' The Gene Machine: What the [[CRISPR]] experiments mean for humanity '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': [[Iraq]]'s Forever War: On the front lines of the fight against [[ISIS]] 
|-
!July 11/July 18
|'''US:''' Patriotic illustration and list of reasons '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Domino with [[European Union Flag]] falls 
|'''US:''' 240 Reasons To Celebrate America Right Now '''Europe, Middle East, Africa/Asia/South Pacific''': Europe's Crisis of Faith: Why [[Brexit]] is just the beginning 
|-
!July 25
|The back of [[Donald Trump]]'s head in a chair labeled "Mr. President: January 20, 2017"
|Gut Check: For Donald Trump, intuition beats experience. What that would mean for the U.S. presidency
|-
!August 1
|Various images of [[Hillary Clinton]]
|In Search of Hillary
|-
!August 9
|[[Simone Biles]]
|The Games Changer: U.S. gymnast Simone Biles is pushing the limits of her sport.
|-
!August 22
|Illustration of [[Donald Trump]]'s face melting
|Meltdown
|-
!August 29
|[[Internet troll|Troll]] typing on a laptop
|Why we're losing the [[Internet]] to the culture of hate
|-
!September 5
|Family holding hands on a hilltop
|Ordinary Families. Extraordinary Kids. A story of nine families.
|-
!September 12/September 19
|Time-lapse photo of a person [[jump rope|jump-roping]]
|The [[Exercise]] Cure: The surprising science of a life-changing workout
|-
!September 26
|Heads and names of [[Samantha Bee]], [[Stephen Colbert]], [[Jimmy Kimmel]], [[Seth Meyers]], [[Trevor Noah]], and [[John Oliver]] in the style of political convention state signs
|We Joke. You Decide. The seriously partisan politics of [[late-night comedy]].
|-
!October 3
|[[Colin Kaepernick]] kneeling
|[[2016 U.S. national anthem protests|The Perilous Fight]]
|-
!October 10
|[[Vladimir Putin]] with an "I Voted" sticker
|Russia wants to undermine faith in the U.S. election. Don't fall for it.
|-
!October 17
|Members of [[Syrian Civil Defense]] moving into a wall of smoke
|"Whoever saves one life, saves all of humanity." – The White Helmets of [[Syria]] and the 60,000 lives they've saved.
|-
!October 24
|Same illustration of [[Donald Trump]]'s face from Aug 22 issue, but now melted farther into a puddle
|[[Donald Trump and Billy Bush recording|Total Meltdown]]
|-
!October 31
|[[Gretchen Carlson]]
|Gretchen Carlson wants to change the way women fight [[sexual harassment]]
|-
!November 7
|Faith-Ann Bishop, 20
|[[Anxiety]], [[Depression (mood)|Depression]], and the American [[Adolescent]]
|-
!November 14
|[[Donald Trump]] and [[Hillary Clinton]] holding a sign that reads "The End is Near"
|[[2016 United States presidential election|The End is Near]]
|-
!November 21
|[[Donald Trump]] and [[Mike Pence]] during Trump's victory speech
|Donald Trump, President-elect. November 9, 2016.
|-
!November 28/December 5
|Illustration of camera shutter
|The Most Influential Photos of All Time
|-
!December 12
|[[Fidel Castro]]
|After Fidel
|-
!December 19
|[[Donald Trump]]
|[[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year 2016]]. President of the Divided States of America.
|-
!December 26/January 2, 2017
|Babies born in [[Syrian refugee camps]]
|The Year Ahead
|}

==2017==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 16
|[[Swiss Army knife]] with three Botox injectors
|How [[Botox]] Became the Drug That's Treating Everything
|-
!January 23
|Helicopter flying towards [[White House]]
|Incoming: A Survival Guide to the White House from Team Obama to Team Trump
|-
!January 30
|[[Donald Trump]] speaking at his inauguration
|Donald Trump: 45th President of the United States
|-
!February 6
|Pink hat worn at [[2017 Women's March]]
|The Resistance Rises: How a march becomes a movement
|-
!February 13
|[[Steve Bannon]]
|The Great Manipulator
|-
!February 20
|[[Chuck Schumer]]
|Do the Democrats Matter?
|-
!February 27/March 6
|Donald Trump sitting at his desk amidst a storm
|Nothing to See Here
|-
!March 13
|[[Snapchat]] CEO [[Evan Spiegel]]
|What's It Worth to Be Yourself Online? The Genius of Snapchat
|-
!March 20
|Donald Trump texting next to a falling [[Washington Monument]]
|Trump's War on Washington
|-
!March 27
|A [[transgender]] person
|Beyond He or She: How a new generation is redefining the meaning of [[gender]]
|-
!April 3
|None
|Is [[Truth]] Dead?
|-
!April 10
|Various [[modes of transportation]]
|Dear Washington, We need to rebuild. Can you get your act together?
|-
!April 17
|[[ISIS]] mask
|The [[Uranium]] Underworld
|-
!April 24
|[[Sheryl Sandberg]]
|Let's Talk About Grief: An unlikely new mission for Sheryl Sandberg
|-
!May 1/May 8
|[[Riz Ahmed]], [[Jeff Bezos]], [[Viola Davis]], [[Melinda Gates]], and [[John Legend]]
|The 100 Most Influential People
|-
!May 15
|[[Ebola]] virus under a microscope
|Warning: We are not ready for the next [[pandemic]]
|-
!May 22
|[[Donald Trump]] walking through the White House
|The Firing of [[James Comey]]/After Hours in the White House
|-
!May 29
|The [[White House]] and [[Saint Basil's Cathedral|Basil Cathedral]]
|No Caption (As the viewer pans from left to right, the White House morphs into Basil Cathedral.)
|-
!June 5
|The cover, with white background, tries to trim its size with a fabric tape measure.
|The [[Weight Loss]] Trap. Low Carb, Low Fat, [[Paleolithic diet|Paleo]], [[Vegan]], [[Flexitarian]]. Why Your Diet isn't Working.
|-
!June 12
|White House Senior Advisor [[Jared Kushner]]
|The Good Son; The Trials of Jared Kushner
|-
!June 19
|Image from the bar at the [[Old Post Office Pavilion|Trump International Hotel (Washington D.C.)]]
|The Swamp Hotel: How Trump's D.C. outpost became a dealmaker's paradise for diplomats, lobbyists and insiders
|-
!June 26
|Image of a smartphone screen depicting the [[Uber]] app with a number of cars in a multi-car pileup over the Uber headquarters
|Uber fail: Upheaval at the world's most valuable startup is a wake-up call for [[Silicon Valley]]
|-
!July 3
|Former [[FBI]] director and new special counsel [[Robert Mueller]]
|The [[Lie Detector]]: Someone's not telling the truth
|-
!July 10
|[[Kit Harington]], [[Nikolaj Coster-Waldau]], [[Emilia Clarke]], [[Peter Dinklage]], [[Lena Headey]], and a dog
|[[Game of Thrones]]: Inside the World's Most Popular Show
|-
!July 24
|[[Donald Trump Jr.]]
|Red Handed: The [[Russia]] Scandal Hits Home
|-
!July 31
|A mosaic of greyscale figures in the shape of [[Vladimir Putin]]'s face
|The Secret Plan To Stop Putin's Election Plot
|-
!August 7
|A wave about to crash on a beach
|The Anti [[Antidepressant]]: [[Depression (mood)|Depression]] afflicts 300 million people. One-third don't respond to treatment. A surprising new drug may change that
|-
!August 21
|General [[John F. Kelly|John Kelly]], [[White House Chief of Staff]] for U.S. President Donald Trump
|General John Kelly: Trump's last best hope
|-
!August 28
|A cartoon of a person wearing a [[U.S. flag]] and making a [[Nazi salute]]
|[[Unite the Right Rally|Hate in America]]
|-
!September 4
|Joey Erace, 10-year-old baseball player
|Crazy Travel. Crazy Costs. Crazy Stress. How kid sports turned pro
|-
!September 18
|[[Hillary Clinton|Hillary Rodham Clinton]]
|Firsts: Women who are changing the world
|-
!September 25
|[[Hurricane Irma]]
|The storms keep getting stronger. And so do we
|-
!October 2
|A figure of Republican holding the Democratic's logo
|Shrunk
|-
!October 9
|An [[American football]] player tackling a practice dummy in the image of President Trump
|Why he always bounces back
|-
!October 16
|[[Mass shootings in the United States|List of places of mass shootings]]
|[[2017 Las Vegas shooting|Las Vegas – America's nightmare]]
|-
!October 23
|'''US''': [[Harvey Weinstein]] '''Non-US editions''': [[John Boyega]]
|'''US''': Producer. Predator. Pariah. '''Non-US editions''': Next generation leaders
|-
!October 30
|
|The goddess myth
|-
!November 6
|
|'''US''': The Wrecking Crew '''Non-US editions''': The Caliphate Falls
|-
!November 13
|
|'''US, Europe, Middle East''': Mueller's Most Wanted '''Asia Pacific''': [[China]] won
|-
!November 20
|[[Emmanuel Macron]]
|The Next Leader of [[Europe]]
|-
!November 27
|
|The 25 Best Inventions of 2017
|-
!December 18
|[[Ashley Judd]], [[Susan Fowler]], [[Adama Iwu]], [[Taylor Swift]], and [[Isabel Pascual]]
|[[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year 2017]]. The Silence Breakers.
|}

==2018==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 15
|Mohamed Nasir
|The Optimists: Edited by [[Bill Gates]]
|-
!January 22
|Illustration of [[Donald Trump]]
|[[Timeline of the presidency of Donald Trump|Year One]]
|-
!January 29
|50 women who chose to run for public office in the United States after the [[2017 Women's March]]
|The Avengers
|-
!February 5
|
|America Alone
|-
!February 12
|
|Making America Nuclear Again
|-
!February 19
|[[Chadwick Boseman]]
|[[Black Panther (film)|A Hero Rises]]
|-
!February 26
|
|How to Live Longer Better (And Still Have Fun)
|-
!March 5
|
|The [[Opioid]] Diaries
|-
!March 12
|[[Greta Gerwig]]
|Lights. Camera. Power.
|-
!March 19
|''Immigrants''
|Ripped Apart
|-
!April 2
|[[X González]], [[Jaclyn Corin]], [[David Hogg]], [[Cameron Kasky]], and [[Alex Wind]].
|[[March for our Lives|Enough]].
|-
!April 9
|[[Jeff Sessions]]
|Nobody's Above the Law
|-
!April 16
|[[Mohammad bin Salman]]
|Charm Offensive
|-
!April 23
|Illustration of [[Donald Trump]]
|[[Stormy Daniels|Stormy]]
|-
!April 30
|[[Jennifer Lopez]], [[Tiffany Haddish]], [[Roger Federer]], [[Satya Nadella]], [[Nicole Kidman]], [[Tarana Burke]]
|[[Time 100|The 100 Most Influential People]]
|-
!May 14
|''A damaged [[FBI]] badge''
|The FBI in Crisis
|-
!May 21
|
|Can Bad Men Change?
|-
!May 28
|
|How my Generation Broke America
|-
!June 4
|[[Duke and Duchess of Sussex]]
|The Modern Royals
|-
!June 11
|
|The [[Unmanned aerial vehicle|Drone]] Age
|-
!June 18
|Illustration of [[Donald Trump]]
|King Me.
|-
!June 25
|[[Kim Jong-un]] and [[Donald Trump]]
|The Riskiest Show on Earth
|-
!July 2
|[[Donald Trump]] with a child
|[[Trump family separation|Welcome to America]].
|-
!July 9
|[[Supreme Court of the United States]]
|[[Brett Kavanaugh Supreme Court nomination|It's Trump's court now]]
|-
!July 23
|Illustration of the word ''[[Democracy]]''
|Why it will prevail
|-
!July 30
|[[Donald Trump]]
|The summit crisis
|-
!August 6
|[[Stacey Abrams]]
|Loving a place that doesn't love you
|-
!August 20
|[[Spike Lee]]
|Spike Lee's long game
|-
!August 27
|[[Serena Williams]]
|Perfectly Serena
|-
!September 3
|Illustration of [[Donald Trump]]
|In Deep.
|-
!September 17
|[[Nancy Pelosi]]
|The persistence of Nancy Pelosi
|-
!September 24
|Hope Brown
|I'm a teacher in America
|-
!October 1
|[[Brett Kavanaugh]]
|[[Brett Kavanaugh Supreme Court nomination|What's changed]]
|-
!October 8
|[[United States Declaration of Independence]]
|Can we get there?
|-
!October 15
|Illustration of [[Christine Blasey Ford]]
|[[Brett Kavanaugh Supreme Court nomination|Her lasting impact]]
|-
!October 22
|[[Donald Trump]]
|How [[Trumpism]] outlasts Trump
|-
!October 29
|
|The Wave Makers
|-
!November 5
|
|[[Guns]] in America
|-
!November 12
|
|[[Pittsburgh synagogue shooting|Beyond Hate]]
|-
!November 19
|
|[[2018 United States elections|Redder. Bluer. Trumpier.]]
|-
!November 26
|
|Who gets to be American?
|-
!December 10
|Seven parents of seven dead students
|The world moves on and you don't
|-
!December 17
|[[George H. W. Bush]]
|The Bush Legacy
|-
!December 24
|
|The Guardians and the war on truth
|}

==2019==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
|-
!width=10%|Date
!width=45%|Persons or topics
!width=45%|Caption
|-
!January 14
|
|The Future of Babies<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Park |first1=Alice |title=An Experimental Procedure Could Help More Families Have Healthy Babies. But It's Not Allowed in the U.S. |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5492614/january-14th-2019-vol-193-no-1-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!January 21
|Illustration of [[Nancy Pelosi]] and [[Donald Trump]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Ball |first1=Molly |title=Trump and Pelosi Are Locked in Their First Battle. Neither Can Afford to Lose |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5498893/january-21st-2019-vol-193-no-2-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|The Art of the Duel
|-
!January 28
|
|I helped create this mess. Here's how to fix it<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=McNamee |first1=Roger |title=I Mentored Mark Zuckerberg. I Loved Facebook. But I Can't Stay Silent About What's Happening. |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5505429/january-28th-2019-vol-193-no-3-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!February 4
|Different photos of new immigrants on various covers of the magazine discussing global immigration issues
|Beyond walls<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Edwards |first1=Haley Sweetland |title=The Stories of Migrants Risking Everything for a Better Life |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5511703/february-4th-2019-vol-193-no-4-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!February 18
|[[Cicely Tyson]]
|The Art of [[Optimism]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=DuVernay |first1=Ava |title=Why Art is the Antidote for Our Times |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5523761/february-18th-2019-vol-193-no-6-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!March 4
|Illustration of [[Donald Trump]] and other politicians<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Biggest Field Yet. No Frontrunner. A Divided Base. Welcome to the 2020 Democratic Primary |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5534351/march-4th-2019-vol-193-no-8-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|Knock, knock...
|-
!March 11
|[[Julia Louis-Dreyfus]]
|The triumph of Julia Louis-Dreyfus<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Ball |first1=Molly |title=Julia Louis-Dreyfus Knew She Was Good. She Fought to Make Sure the World Did Too |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5540852/march-11th-2019-vol-193-no-9-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!March 18
|[[Tenzin Gyatso|Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama)]]<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Dalai Lama Has Been the Face of Buddhism for 60 Years. China Wants to Change That |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5546765/march-18th-2019-vol-193-no-10-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|The Survivor
|-
!March 25
|Donald Trump as a [[peach]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Ball |first1=Molly |title=Nancy Pelosi Doesn't Want to Talk About Impeachment. The Democrats May Not Be Able to Resist It |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5551291/march-25th-2019-vol-193-no-11-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|Do they dare?
|-
!April 1
|[[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]]<ref>{{cite magazine |title='Change Is Closer Than We Think.' Inside Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Unlikely Rise |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5555707/april-1st-2019-vol-193-no-12-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|The Phenom
|-
!April 8
|[[Donald Trump]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Bennett |first1=Brian |title='This Is Very Good.' How Trump Beat the Mueller Investigation |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5560206/april-8th-2019-vol-193-no-13-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|Just Singin'
|-
!April 15
|[[Joe Biden]]
|[[Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign|The Test Case]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Gibbs |first1=Nancy |title=Joe Biden and the Hard Choices for Democrats in 2020 |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5564148/april-15th-2019-vol-193-no-14-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!April 22
|[[Flag of Europe]]
|The Unraveling of [[Europe]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Watts |first1=Vivienne |title=How Nationalists Are Joining Together to Tear Europe Apart |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5568295/april-22nd-2019-vol-193-no-15-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!April 29
|[[Taylor Swift]], [[Dwayne Johnson]], [[Sandra Oh]], [[Gayle King]], [[Nancy Pelosi]], [[Mohamed Salah]]
|[[Time 100|The 100 Most Influential People]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Felsenthal |first1=Edward |title=Here's How We Chose the 2019 Time 100 |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5572248/april-29th-2019-vol-194-no-16-asia-europe-middle-east-and-africa-south-pacific-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!May 13
|[[Chasten Buttigieg|Chasten]] and [[Pete Buttigieg]]
|[[Pete Buttigieg 2020 presidential campaign|First Family]]<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Mayor Pete Buttigieg's Unlikely, Untested, Unprecedented Presidential Campaign |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5581698/may-13th-2019-vol-193-no-18-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!May 20
|[[Elizabeth Warren]]
|[[Elizabeth Warren 2020 presidential campaign|I have a plan for that]]<ref>{{cite magazine |title='I Have a Plan For That.' Elizabeth Warren Is Betting That Americans Are Ready for Her Big Ideas |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5586396/may-20th-2019-vol-193-no-19-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!May 27
|[[Greta Thunberg]]
|Next Generation Leaders<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Next Generation Leaders |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5590214/may-27th-2019-vol-1-no-1-asia-europe-middle-east-and-africa-south-pacific-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!June 3
|[[Alex Morgan]]
|[[2019 FIFA Women's World Cup|The Equalizer]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Gregory |first1=Sean |title='You Have to Take a Stand.' Soccer Phenom Alex Morgan Wants the Respect—and Money—Female Players Deserve |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5594338/june-3rd-2019-vol-193-no-21-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!June 17
|[[Bernie Sanders]]
|[[Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign|Building a Better Bernie]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Giridharadas |first1=Anand |title=Bernie Sanders Wants to Change America. But He May Have to Change Himself First |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5601969/june-17th-2019-vol-193-no-23-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!June 24
|[[António Guterres]]
|Our Sinking Planet<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Leaders of These Sinking Countries Are Fighting to Stop Climate Change. Here's What the Rest of the World Can Learn |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5606236/june-24th-2019-vol-193-no-24-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!July 1
|[[Donald Trump]]
|My whole life is a bet<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Bennett |first1=Brian |title='My Whole Life Is a Bet.' Inside President Trump's Gamble on an Untested Re-Election Strategy |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5610714/july-1st-2019-vol-194-no-1-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!July 8
|[[Colson Whitehead]]
|America's Storyteller<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Jackson |first1=Mitchell |title='I Carry It Within Me.' Novelist Colson Whitehead Reminds Us How America's Racist History Lives On |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5615604/july-8th-2019-vol-194-no-2-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!July 22
|[[Benjamin Netanyahu]]
|The Strong Survive<ref>{{cite magazine |title='Only the Strong Survive.' How Israel's Benjamin Netanyahu Is Testing the Limits of Power |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5624252/july-22nd-2019-vol-194-no-3-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!July 29
|Illustration of [[astronaut]]s
|The Next [[Space Race]]<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Dueling Superpowers, Rival Billionaires. Inside the New Race to the Moon |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5629221/july-29th-2019-vol-194-no-4-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!August 5
|Illustration of politicians
|Whose party is it?<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Ball |first1=Molly |title=What Do the Democrats Stand For? Inside a Fight Over America's Future |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5634764/august-5th-2019-vol-194-no-5-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!August 19
|Place names of [[mass shooting]]s in America
|[[Gun violence in the United States|Enough]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Bergengruen |first1=Vera |last2=Hennigan |first2=W.J. |title='We Are Being Eaten From Within.' Why America Is Losing the Battle Against White Nationalist Terrorism |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5647302/august-19th-2019-vol-194-no-6-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!August 26
|[[Lil Nas X]]
|[[Old Town Road|It's his country]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Chow |first1=Andrew |title='It Feels Like I'm Chosen to Do This.' Inside the Record-Breaking Rise of Lil Nas X |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5652772/august-26th-2019-vol-194-no-7-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!September 2
|
|The Left Behind Economy<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Semuels |first1=Alana |last2=Burnley |first2=Malcolm |title=Low Wages, Sexual Harassment and Unreliable Tips. This Is Life in America's Booming Service Industry |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5658416/september-2nd-2019-vol-194-no-8-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!September 16
|[[Ryan Murphy (writer)|Ryan Murphy]], [[Margaret Atwood]] and [[Michael B. Jordan]]
|The Best of Fall<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Feldman |first1=Lucy |title=The Handmaid's Tale Was a Warning. Three Decades Later, Margaret Atwood Is Back With Another |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5669498/september-16th-2019-vol-194-no-10-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!September 23
|[[Sand sculpture]]
|2050: How [[Earth]] Survived<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=McKibben |first1=Bill |title=Hello From the Year 2050. We Avoided the Worst of Climate Change — But Everything Is Different |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5675279/september-23rd-2019-vol-194-no-11-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!September 30
|Man [[vaping]]
|The New American [[Addiction]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Ducharme |first1=Jamie |last2=Li |first2=Ang |title=How Juul Hooked Kids and Ignited a Public Health Crisis |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5680981/september-30th-2019-vol-194-no-13-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!October 7
|Illustration of [[Donald Trump]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Ball |first1=Molly |title=How Donald Trump Triggered an Unprecedented Impeachment Fight |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5686810/october-7th-2019-vol-194-no-14-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|
|-
!October 14
|[[Kamala Harris]]
|[[Kamala Harris 2020 presidential campaign|Her Case]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Ball |first1=Molly |title=Kamala Harris Is Making Her Case. But Can She Stand Out in a Crowded Field? |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5691627/october-14th-2019-vol-194-no-15-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!October 21
|Matthew Poblano, Gregory Grammer and Ashley Luna Gorbea
|America's Forever War<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Ackerman |first1=Elliot |title=Why Bringing Back the Draft Could Stop America's Forever Wars |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5696939/october-21st-2019-vol-194-no-16-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!November 4
|A [[robot]]
|The robot will see you now<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Stop Me if You've Heard This One: A Robot and a Team of Irish Scientists Walk Into a Senior Living Home |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5709330/november-4th-2019-vol-194-no-18-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!November 11
|[[Rudy Giuliani]]
|The Secretary of Defense<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Bergengruen |first1=Vera |last2=Bennett |first2=Brian |title=How Rudy Giuliani's Pursuit of Money and Power May Cost Donald Trump Dearly |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5714740/november-11th-2019-vol-194-no-20-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!November 14
|[[Camila Cabello]], [[Awkwafina]], [[Zion Williamson]], [[Chanel Miller]], [[Carlos Alvarado Quesada]] and [[Emily Weiss]]
|The Next 100 Most Influential People<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Felsenthal |first1=Edward |title=How We Chose the 2019 Time 100 Next |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5728202/november-25th-2019-vol-194-nos-22-23-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!November 18
|
|[[First impeachment of Donald Trump|America on Trial]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Meacham |first1=Jon |title=The Impeachment Inquiry Is About More Than Donald Trump — It's About Who We Are as Americans |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5720738/november-18th-2019-vol-194-no-21-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!December 2
|Balloons spelling out the word 'elite'<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Giridharadas |first1=Anand |title=How America's Elites Lost Their Grip |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5735404/december-2nd-2019-vol-194-no-24-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|Party's Over
|-
!December 16
|[[Donald Trump]]
|Quid Pro Dough<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Bennett |first1=Brian |last2=Wilson |first2=Chris |title=The Trump Campaign Has Raised Millions Off Impeachment — And Facebook Is One of Its Most Powerful Tools |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5744386/december-16th-2019-vol-194-no-26-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|-
!December 23
|[[Greta Thunberg]]
|[[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Felsenthal |first1=Edward |title=Greta Thunberg: Time's Person of the Year 2019 |url=https://time.com/magazine/us/5748137/december-23rd-2019-vol-194-no-27-u-s/ |magazine=Time |access-date=March 1, 2021 }}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://time.com/vault/year/2019/ ''Time'' The Vault]

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 0 auto;"
|-
!Previous
!Lists of covers of ''Time'' magazine
!Next
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[List of covers of Time magazine (2000s)|2000s]]
| style="text-align:center;"|'''2010s'''
| style="text-align:center;"|[[List of covers of Time magazine (2020s)|2020s]]
|}

{{Covers of Time (magazine)|state=autocollapse}}

[[Category:Lists of covers of Time (magazine)|2010s]]
[[Category:2010s in the United States|Covers of Time magazine]]
[[Category:2010s-related lists|Covers of Time magazine]]
[[Category:Lists of people by magazine appearance|Time magazine (2010s)]]

Resolution (law)

2022-12-17T01:51:45Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Just published an enlightening work.

{{short description|Often non-binding statement of intent in law}}{{Use American English}}
[[File:17750324 Resolution - In Provincial Congress - John Hancock - The Virginia Gazette.jpg|thumb| upright=1.5| This March 24, 1775 resolution of the [[Massachusetts Provincial Congress]], signed by [[John Hancock]] weeks before the [[battles of Lexington and Concord]], calls for the colony to be put into "a complete state of defense".<ref name=Resolution_17750324>{{cite news |title=In Provincial Congress / Concord, March 24, 1775 |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/williamsburg-virginia-gazette-apr-21-1775-p-15/ |work=The Virginia Gazette |location=Williamsburg, Virginia |page=15}} </ref> Resolutions are often preceded by "Whereas..." clauses that express reasons or justifications for the ensuing resolution.]]
In law, a '''resolution''' is a written [[motion (parliamentary procedure)|motion]] adopted by a [[deliberative body]]. The substance of the resolution can be anything that can normally be proposed as a motion. For long or important motions, though, it is often better to have them written out so that discussion is easier or so that it can be distributed outside the body after its adoption. An alternate term for a resolution is a ''resolve''.

Resolutions are commonly used in corporations and houses of legislature.

==In corporations==
{{main|Corporate resolution}}
In corporations, a written resolution is especially useful in the case of the [[board of directors]] of a [[corporation]], which usually needs to give its consent to [[real estate]] purchases or sales by the corporation. Such a resolution, when certified by the corporation's [[secretary]], gives assurance to the other side of the transaction that the sale was properly authorized. Other examples include resolutions approving the opening of bank accounts or authorizing the issuance of shares in the corporation.

==Houses of legislature==
When greater formality is desired, a [[Motion (parliamentary procedure)|motion]] may be made in the form of a resolution, which is always submitted in writing.

Houses of a [[legislature]] often adopt [[non-binding resolution]]s.

However, a legislature also uses resolutions to exercise one of its binding powers that isn't a lawmaking power. For example, the [[United States Congress]] [[declaration of war by the United States|declares war]] or proposes [[constitutional amendment]]s by adopting a [[joint resolution]]. A house of a legislature can also use a resolution to exercise its specific powers, as the [[British House of Commons]] does to elect its [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker]] or as the [[United States House of Representatives]] does to [[impeachment|impeach]] an officer of the [[government]].

==Types==
===Non-binding===
{{Main|Non-binding resolution}}
In a house of a [[legislature]], the term [[non-binding resolution]] refers to measures that do not become [[law]]s. This is used to differentiate those measures from a [[bill (proposed law)|bill]], which is also a resolution in the technical sense. The resolution is often used to express the body's approval or disapproval of something which they cannot otherwise vote on, due to the matter being handled by another [[jurisdiction]], or being protected by a [[constitution]]. An example would be a resolution of support for a nation's [[troops]] in [[battle]], which carries no [[legal]] weight, but is adopted for [[moral support]].

===Substantive and procedural=== 
Substantive resolutions apply to essential legal principles and rules of right, analogous to [[substantive law]], in contrast to procedural resolutions, which deal with the methods and means by which substantive items are made and administered.

==Historical examples of resolutions==
*[[Gulf of Tonkin Resolution]]
*[[Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions]]
*[[United Nations General Assembly resolution]]s
*[[United Nations Security Council resolution]]s
*[[War Powers Resolution]]

==See also==
*[[Courtesy resolution]]
*[[Main motion]]
*[[Preamble]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Resolutions (law)| ]]
[[Category:Motions (parliamentary procedure)]]
[[Category:Parliamentary procedure]]

Kangha (Sikhism)

2022-08-26T23:44:53Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Article crafted.

#REDIRECT [[Kangha]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
{{R from unnecessary disambiguation}}
}}

Economy of Himachal Pradesh

2022-05-11T04:20:18Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Formulated a new page structure.

{{EngvarB}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Infobox economy
| country = Himachal Pradesh
| image = Khajjiar.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| year = 1 April – 31 March
| gdp = {{INRConvert|2.14|lc}} (2023-24 est.)<ref name="Budget Analysis"/>
| gdp rank = [[List of Indian states and union territories by GDP|22nd]]
| growth = +10.2% (2020-21)<ref name="Budget Analysis"/>
| per capita = {{INRConvert|286401}} (2023-24)<ref name="Budget Analysis"/>
| per capita rank =
| sectors = Agriculture 14% Industry 40% Services 46% (2020-21)<ref name="Budget Analysis"/>
| components =
| inflation = 2%
| poverty = 0.23%
| gini =
| hdi = {{decrease}} 0.703 {{color|green|high}} (2021)
| labor =
| occupations =
| unemployment = 1.2% (2018-19)<ref>{{cite web|title=Himachal Pradesh Budget Analysis 2021-22|url=https://prsindia.org/budgets/states/himachal-pradesh-budget-analysis-2021-22|website=PRS Legislative Research|access-date=12 March 2022}}</ref>
| average gross salary =
| gross median =
| average net salary =
| net median =
| industries =
| edbr =
| exports =
| export-goods =
| export-partners =
| imports =
| import-goods =
| import-partners =
| FDI =
| current account =
| gross external debt =
| NIIP =
| debt = 0.49% of GSDP (2022-23 est.)<ref name="Budget Analysis"/>
| balance = {{INRConvert|+909602|c}} 4.98% of GSDP (2022-23 est.)<ref name="Budget Analysis"/>
| revenue = {{INRConvert|9036420|c|nolink=yes}} (2022-23 est.)<ref name="Budget Analysis"/>
| expenses = {{INRConvert|8046023|c|nolink=yes}} (2022-23 est.)<ref name="Budget Analysis">{{cite web|title=Himachal Pradesh Budget Analysis 2022-23|url=https://prsindia.org/budgets/states/himachal-pradesh-budget-analysis-2022-23|website=PRS Legislative Research|access-date=12 March 2022}}</ref>
| aid =
| credit =
| spelling = Oxford
| presentUS$asdefault = no
}}
The era of [[economic planning]] started in [[Himachal Pradesh]] in 1948. The first [[Five-year plans of India|five-year plan]] allocated about Rs. 52.7 million to Himachal. More than 50% of this expenditure was spent on transport facilities since it was felt that without proper it, the process of planning and development couldn't be carried.

The community development programme which was launched in 1952 in Himachal, in certain selected areas was later extended to the entire rural Himachal. In [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India|Mandi]] and [[Kangra, Himachal Pradesh|Kangra]], package programmes were undertaken in collaboration with the [[West Germany]] for popularising modern techniques of cultivation among the farmers. Suitable agricultural machinery and animal husbandry were introduced in these areas. Well equipped soil testing laboratories, dairy farms and agricultural workshops were set up at various centres, besides an Agriculture University at [[Palampur]].

Himachal is one of those states in [[India]] which was rapidly transformed from the most backward part of the country to one of the most advanced states. At present Himachal ranks fourth in respect of per capita income among the [[states of the Indian Union]].

Himachal education system is well established, its agriculture is enough for its self-sufficiency, its horticulture is highly impressive in the country and even in abroad, its road connectivity system has emerged as the best in the mountainous areas in India, the infrastructure for its industrial development are well laid out, its rich forest resources being augmented and above all, the increasing attention of the nation towards the exploitation of its hydel resources are the signs for its bright future.<ref>[http://www.webindia123.com/himachal/economy/econodeve.htm Economy of Himachal @ webindia123]</ref> It has already become the ideal in respect of development for the hill areas of the country.

== Agriculture ==
{{Main|Agriculture in Himachal Pradesh}}
Agriculture contributes nearly about 45% to the net state domestic product. It is the main source of income as well Himachal pradesh is known as Apple state or apple capital of india Theog Rohru Kinnaur Kullu is leading supplies of the major crop grown in himachal Pradesh as employment in Himachal. About 93% of the state population depend directly upon agriculture. The main cereals grown in the state are wheat, maize, rice and barley and apples . Kangra, Mandi and Paonta valley of Sirmaur district (to some extent) are the major producers of the first three cereals, while barley is mostly cultivated in Shimla. Fruit cultivation has also proved to be an economic boon to the state. There are huge tracts of land suitable only for growing fruits. Fruit of all cultivation does not add to the problem of soil erosion and its employment potential is more than the conventional farming. The yield per [[acre]] in terms of income is also much higher. Apple produces the maximum income. Fruit growing in the state is fetching over Rs. 3 billion annually. Special efforts are being made to promote cultivation of crops like [[olives]], [[figs]], [[hops]], [[mushrooms]], [[flowers]], pistachio nuts, sarda melon and [[saffron]]. The state has also earned the name of the ''Apple State of India''.<ref>[http://www.webindia123.com/himachal/economy/agriculture.htm Economy of Himachal by Agriculture @ webindia123.com] Suni System (P) Ltd. Retrieved on- 2007-06-27</ref>

== Industry ==
{{Main|Industry in Himachal Pradesh}}
Ecology has been given importance in the state during the last few years. Industries becoming the cause of water or air pollution are not encouraged. Every industrial project has to be passed by the clearance of the Environment Protection Organization before its establishment.
Himachal is facing a number of difficulties in the advancement of industries. Lack of means of dependable transport and poor accessibility was one of the major drawbacks. Other problems faced by the state were the poor mineral resources, non-availability of infrastructure and communication facilities, shortage of capital and lack of modern skills. The only advantage of the state was the ample availability of electricity. Parwano, Barotiwala, [[Baddi]], [[Paonta Sahib]], Mehatpur, Shamshi, Nagrota Bagwan, [[Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh|Bilaspur]], [[Reckong Peo]] and Sansar Pur Terrace are some of the industrial areas of the state at present. As the dust free climate of Himachal is extremely suitable for the setting up of electronic industries, many electronic complexes have been established at [[Solan district|Solan]], [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India|Mandi]], [[Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh|Hamirpur]], [[Shoghi]], Raga-Ka-Bagh, [[Chamba, Himachal Pradesh|Chamba]], Ambi, Taliwala and [[Keylong]].<ref>[http://www.webindia123.com/himachal/economy/industry.htm Industry @Webindia123.com] Suni system (P) Ltd. Retrieved on- 2007-06-27</ref> Moving one step further to its growth Baddi, Barotiwal & Nalagarh Industrial area have made its presence online with a domain name [http://www.baddionline.com baddionline.com]. And other Industrial Areas of Himachal Pradesh will be covered soon.<ref>[http://www.baddionline.com Baddi, Barotiwala Nalagarh Business Directory]</ref>

{| class="wikitable" align="right" width="260" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #F4F5F6; border: 1px #C6C7C8 solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 90%"
| colspan="2" bgcolor="#C2D6E5" align="center" | '''Gross State Domestic Product at Current Prices
figures in [[crore]]s of [[Indian rupee|Indian Rupees]]
|-
! Year || Gross State Domestic Product
|-
| 1980 || 7,940
|-
| 1985 || 13,720
|-
| 1990 || 28,150
|-
| 1995 || 66,980
|-
| 2000 || 135,900
|}

==References==
<references/>
{{Himachal Pradesh topics}}
{{Economy of India topics}}

[[Category:Economy of Himachal Pradesh| ]]

Seni rebab

2022-01-09T01:14:57Z

Indiajanshaktiparty: Page generated.

{{About|the north Indian "Seni rebab"|the Afghan plucked instrument otherwise known as the "Kabuli rebab"|Rubab (instrument){{!}}Rubab|the bowed spike fiddle, as used in Arab countries and in the Indonesian gamelan|Rebab|the mediaeval European instrument sometimes called the "rubible"|Rebec}}
{{More citations needed}}
{{Infobox Instrument
|name= Seni rebab
|names=
|image=A Musician and Singer Kneel at the Outskirts of a Mughal Camp. A Yogi and a Servant Listen to them, from the Minto Album, c.1630.jpg
|caption=Mughal painting from 1630 by [[Govardhan (painter)|Govardhan]] with a musician playing a seni rebab.
|classification=
* [[Necked bowl lutes]]
* [[String instruments]]
|range=
|related=[[Arbajo]], [[Dotara]], [[Dranyen]], [[Rubab (instrument)|Kabuli rebab]] [[Pamiri rubab]], [[Sarod]], [[Tungna]], [[Dutar]], [[Tanbur]]
}}

The '''Seni rebab''' ([[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]: सेनी रबाब ([[Devanagari]]), {{nastaliq|سینی رباب}} ([[Nastaleeq]]), [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: ਸੇਨੀ ਰੱਬਾਬ), also known as the '''Seniya rabab''' ([[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]: सेनिया रबाब ([[Devanagari]]), {{nastaliq|سنیا رباب}} ([[Nastaleeq]])) is a plucked string instrument used in [[northern India]] that is said to have been developed by, and to have taken its name from, the notable musician [[Tansen]] in the time of the emperor [[Akbar the Great]]. It has "a large hook at the back of its head, making it easier for a musician to sling it over the shoulder and play it even while walking."<ref name="Vathsala2016">{{cite web |title=The roar of Afghan's 'lion of instruments' |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/539453/roar-afghans-lion-instruments.html |publisher=[[Deccan Herald]] |access-date=16 August 2021 |language=English }}</ref> It has been used in [[Hindustani classical music]] and religiously, in [[Sikh music]].<ref name="Vathsala2016"/><ref name="Kasliwal2001">{{cite web |last1=Kasliwal |first1=Suneera |title=Rabab |url=https://www.india-instruments.com/encyclopedia-rabab.html |publisher=India Instruments |access-date=10 September 2021 |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Nair|first=Jyoti|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/gurbani-flavour-of-sikh-devotion/article30930734.ece|title=Gurbani: Flavour of Sikh devotion|work=The Hindu|access-date=2020-03-01|url-status=live|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|quote=Rabab is associated with the Sikh sacred music and can be traced to Guru Nanak Devji’s bhajans, almost 500 years ago}}</ref> The rebab influenced the development of the [[sarod]], another Indian musical instrument.<ref name="Kasliwal2001"/>

Three types of Sikh musician - [[rababi]]s, [[Ragi (Sikhism)|ragi]]s and [[Dhadi (music)|dhadhis]] - flourished during the period of the Sikh gurus.

==History==
As the ''Dekhani rabāb'', the instrument was listed as a native instrument of Central India by Mughal chronicler [[Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak|Abu'l Fazl]]. It was played by different castes, from the high [[Brahmins]] leading religious songs to "low-caste entertainers."<ref name=Grove>{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Sadie |editor-first=Stanley |title= Rabab, #4 |encyclopedia= The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments |year=1984 |id= Volume 3 |pages= 181–182 }}</ref>

The instrument was associated with the Seniya family, of whom [[Tansen]] was one.<ref name=Grove/> Tansen has been credited with "popularizing" the rabāb. The name'' seni rabāb'' may be an Indian adaptation from a Persian designation of the instrument; "''Sen-e-rabab''" is supposed to mean rebab of [Tan] Sen.<ref>{{cite web |author= David Courtney |website= chandrakantha.com|title= Seni Rabāb |url= https://chandrakantha.com/articles/indian_music/seni.html}}</ref>

==Religion==
[[Guru Nanak]] started the Sikh [[rababi]] tradition by engaging [[Bhai Mardana]] as his accompanist. The Muslim singers known as [[Mirasi]]s were "rababis", because they played on the rabab or [[rebec]]. Some notable rababis after Mardana were his son Shahjada, Balwand and [[Satta Doom|Satta]], Babak, son of Satta, Chatra, son of Babak, and Saddu and Baddu. Rababis used to perform [[kirtan]] regularly at Amritsar before the [[partition of India]] in 1947, after which many of the rababis migrated to Pakistan. The Sikh rabab was traditionally a local Punjabi variant known as the 'Firandia' rabab ([[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: ਫਿਰੰਦੀਆ ਰਬਾਬ ''Phiradī'ā rabāba''),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rabab |url=https://www.sikhmusicalheritage.com/rabab |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=Sikh Musical Heritage - The Untold Story |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Raj Academy {{!}} Rabab |url=https://rajacademy.com/instruments/rabab |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=Raj Academy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Rabab |url=https://www.sikhsaaj.com/rabab.html |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=SIKH SAAJ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sikh Instruments-The Rabab |url=http://www.oxfordsikhs.com/2021/09/sikh-instruments-rabab.html |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=Oxford Sikhs |language=en}}</ref> however Baldeep Singh, an expert in the Sikh musical tradition, challenges this narrative.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Bharat Khanna|title=Punjabi varsity's Firandia rabab helps revival of string instrument {{!}} Ludhiana News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ludhiana/punjabi-varsitys-firandia-rabab-helps-revival-of-string-instrument/articleshow/71851191.cms |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Baldeep |title=Rabab goes shopping… |url=https://anadfoundation.org/2012/06/27/rabab-goes-shopping/ |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=The Anād Foundation |language=en}}</ref>

The last of the line of rababis was Bhai Chand. During the 20th century CE the instrument's use in Sikh kirtan was eclipsed by the [[harmonium]] but it has been revived.<ref>{{Cite web |last=PTI |title=SGPC to revive 'gurbani kirtan' with string instruments in Golden Temple |url=https://theprint.in/india/sgpc-to-revive-gurbani-kirtan-with-string-instruments-in-golden-temple/971031/ |access-date=2022-08-29 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>

<gallery>
File:Karnati ragini-Women playing veena and seni rabab,1680-1700.png|Women playing veena and seni rabab,1680-1700.
</gallery>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indian musical instruments}}

[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]
[[Category:Sikh music]]
[[Category:String instruments]]

{{string-instrument-stub}}