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List of Indian Bengali films of 1992

2026-05-08T10:24:34Z

Ilushiklom: Redirect article

#REDIRECT [[List of Indian Bengali films of the 1990s]]{{Redirect category shell|{{R from merge}}{{R from history}}}}

Tu Yaa Main

2026-05-06T19:15:03Z

Ilushiklom: started stub

{{Short description|2026 Indian film by Bejoy Nambiar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2026}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Tu Yaa Main film poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Bejoy Nambiar]]
| writer = Abhishek Arun Bandekar
| story = [[Himanshu Sharma]]
| producer = {{Plainlist|
* [[Aanand L. Rai]]
* Himanshu Sharma
* [[Vinod Bhanushali]]
* Kamlesh Bhanushali
}}
| starring = [[Adarsh Gourav]] Shanaya Kapoor
| narrator =
| cinematography = Remy Dalai
| editing = Priyank Prem Kumar
| music = '''Songs:''' Rai Harrie Adarsh Gourav Aditya N Sez on the Beat [[Dhruv Visvanath]] Chaitanya Pandit 2Sharc Pextyle '''Score:''' Prateek Rajagopal
| studio = [[Colour Yellow Productions]] Bhanushali Studios Ltd.
| distributor = [[PVR Inox Pictures]]
| released = {{Film date|2026|2|13|df=y}}
| runtime = 143 minutes<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/tu-yaa-main-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0xmta5ota4|title=''Tu Yaa Main'' (15) |website=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |date=11 February 2026 |access-date=12 February 2026}}</ref>
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross = {{estimation}} {{INR|8.41 crore}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tu Yaa Main Box Office Collection|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/tu-yaa-main/box-office/|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|date=14 February 2026|access-date=14 February 2026}}</ref>
}}

'''''Tu Yaa Main''''' ({{Translation|You or me}}) is a 2026 Indian [[Hindi language|Hindi]]-language [[Survival film|survival]] [[Thriller film|thriller]] film directed by [[Bejoy Nambiar]].<ref>{{Cite web |title='Tu Yaa Main': Adarsh Gourav and Shanaya Kapoor's VIRAL collab turns deadly as 'love bites back'|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/tu-yaa-main-adarsh-gourav-and-shanaya-kapoors-viral-collab-turns-deadly-as-love-bites-back/articleshow/126433848.cms |work=The Times of India|date=9 January 2026 |access-date=12 February 2026}}</ref> It is produced by [[Aanand L. Rai]], [[Himanshu Sharma]], [[Vinod Bhanushali]] and Kamlesh Bhanushali under the banner of [[Colour Yellow Productions]], Getaway Films and Bhanushali Studios. The film stars [[Adarsh Gourav]] and Shanaya Kapoor in the lead roles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tu Yaa Main trailer: Shanaya Kapoor and Adarsh Gourav get trapped with a bloodthirsty crocodile, fight to survive|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tu-yaa-main-trailer-shanaya-kapoor-and-adarsh-gourav-get-trapped-with-a-bloodthirsty-crocodile-fight-to-survive-watch-101769088933725.html |work=Hindustan Times|date=22 January 2026 |access-date=12 February 2026}}</ref> It is a remake of the 2018 Thai film ''[[The Pool (2018 film)|The Pool]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bejoy Nambiar on Adarsh Gourav and Shanaya Kapoor's 'Tu Yaa Main': 'It's an Official Adaptation' |url=https://www.hollyreporterindia.com/features/insight/bejoy-nambiar-tu-yaa-main-official-adaptation |work=The Hollywood Reporter India |date=5 February 2026 |access-date=5 February 2026}}</ref>

The film was released theatrically on 13 February 2026, coinciding with the [[Valentine's Day]] weekend. It received mixed reviews from critics.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2025 |title=Shanaya Kapoor and Adarsh Gourav to headline Bejoy Nambiar-Aanand L Rai's Tu Yaa Main; survival thriller locks Valentine's Day 2026|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/shanaya-kapoor-adarsh-gourav-headline-bejoy-nambiar-aanand-l-rais-tu-yaa-main-survival-thriller-locks-valentines-day-2026/ |access-date=12 February 2026 |work=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>

== Premise ==
Maruti "Aala Flowpara" Kadam, a rapper from Nalasopara, and Avani "Miss Vanity" Shah, a high-profile influencer, are two content creators from vastly different socio-economic backgrounds in Mumbai, who enter into a relationship, despite opposition from the latter’s family. During a getaway at a secluded estate, they find themselves trapped in an empty, deep swimming pool with a deadly crocodile. The film follows their desperate struggle for survival as they must outwit the predator and overcome their own rivalries to escape.

== Cast ==
{{Cast list|
* [[Adarsh Gourav]] as Maruti "Aala Flowpara" Kadam a.k.a. "Flo"
* Shanaya Kapoor as Avani "Miss Vanity" Shah
** Mahima Joshi as young Avani
* [[Parul Gulati]] as Layla
* Ansh Vikas Chopra as Fabric
* Sanjay Appan as Jaggu
* Ashok Kangude as Pintya
* [[Kshitee Jog]] as Mrs. Kadam, Maruti's mother
* Rajsi Kinjalaskar as Sonali Kadam
* [[Amrutha Srinivasan]] as Tara Shah, Avani's sister
* Rajat Kaul as Vikram, Tara's husband and Avani's brother-in-law
* [[Rajendra Gupta]] as Tara's driver
* Aditi Jain as Bindiya
* Kannan Muthraj as Maruti's friend
* Benjamin Yangal as Maruti's friend
* Lil White as Maruti's friend
* Saurabh Abhyankar as Maruti's friend
* Arif Chaudhary as Maruti's friend
* Driti Panchmatia as Maruti's friend

'''Special appearances'''
* [[Amruta Khanvilkar]] as Sulochana
* [[Parvathy Thiruvothu]] as the guest in Konkan Bay
* [[Shrikant Yadav]] as [[Police officer]] Tawde
}}

== Production ==
=== Filming ===
[[Principal photography]] commenced in June 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2025 |title=Adarsh Gourav and Shanaya Kapoor to begin shooting for Bejoy Nambiar's Tu Yaa Main in June|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/adarsh-gourav-shanaya-kapoor-begin-shooting-bejoy-nambiars-tu-yaa-main-june/ |access-date=12 February 2026 |work=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/adarsh-gourav-to-begin-shooting-for-tu-yaa-main-in-june/cid/2100741 |title=Adarsh Gourav, Shanaya Kapoor's 'Tu Yaa Main' to begin shooting in June|work=Telegraph India|date=20 May 2025 |access-date=12 February 2026}}</ref> Filming concluded in November 2025.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/shanaya-kapoor-and-adarsh-gourav-wrap-up-tu-yaa-main-on-the-actress-26th-birthday-parul-gulati-shares-fun-moments/articleshow/125087740.cms |title=Shanaya Kapoor and Adarsh Gourav wrap up 'Tu Yaa Main' on the actress' 26th birthday, Parul Gulati shares fun moments|work=The Times of India|date=4 November 2025 |access-date=12 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/tu-yaa-main-bejoy-nambiar-wraps-shoot-film-shanaya-kapoor-adarsh-gourav-halloween-date-fright-film-promises-love-thrills/ |title=Tu Yaa Main: Bejoy Nambiar wraps up shoot of the film with Shanaya Kapoor and Adarsh Gourav on Halloween; "date-fright" film promises love and thrills|work=Bollywood Hungama|date=5 November 2025 |access-date=12 February 2026}}</ref>

== Music ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Tu Yaa Main
| type = soundtrack
| released = 9 February 2026
| recorded = 2025
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 28:48
| language = Hindi
| label = [[Zee Music Company]]
| misc = {{External media
| audio1 = {{YouTube|D8GWKccHbyY|Official Audio Jukebox}}
}}}}

The original score is composed by Prateek Rajagopal. The songs for the film were written by Rai Harrie, [[Adarsh Gourav]], Aditya N, Sez on the Beat, [[Dhruv Visvanath]], Chaitanya Pandit, 2Sharc and Pextyle, with lyrics written by David Klyton, Nishant Mohite, Aditya Vhatkar, Yogesh Kurme, Siddesh Jammi, Rai Harrie, Nitesh Patel, Chakori Dwivedi, 7Bantai’Z, [[Dhruv Visvanath]], ÆbZee, Abhilasha Arun, Chaitanya Pandit, 2Sharc, Saurabh Abhyankar and [[Anjaan (lyricist)|Anjaan]]. The audio rights of the film were acquired by [[Zee Music Company]]. The first single, titled "Fame Us" was released on 16 January 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2026 |title=Tu Yaa Main song Fame Us: Shanaya Kapoor, Adarsh Gourav groove to Mumbai's vibe|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/tu-yaa-main-song-fame-us-shanaya-kapoor-adarsh-gourav-groove-to-mumbai-vibe-2852976-2026-01-16 |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=India Today}}</ref> The second single titled "Jee Liya" was released on 31 January 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2026 |title=Tu Yaa Main: Adarsh Gourav's song Jee Liya is a Gen Z Romance anthem that bridges two worlds|url=https://www.mid-day.com/amp/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/tu-yaa-main-adarsh-gouravs-song-jee-liya-captures-essence-of-modern-love-23614560 |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=Mid Day}}</ref> The third single titled "Naam Karu Bada" was released on 5 February 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2026 |title=Adarsh Gourav turns RAPPER for the first time with 'Naam Karu Bada' from 'Tu Yaa Main' ahead of the film's release|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/adarsh-gourav-turns-rapper-for-the-first-time-with-naam-karu-bada-from-tu-yaa-main-ahead-of-the-films-release/articleshow/127973012.cms |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>

The song "Aankhein Chaar" is a remake of the song "Chori Chori Yun Jab Ho" from the 1988 film ''[[Paap Ki Duniya]]'' sung by [[Kishore Kumar]], composed by [[Bappi Lahiri]] and written by [[Anjaan (lyricist)|Anjaan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/one-croc-two-lovers-deadly-twist-aankhein-chaar-tu-yaa-main-drops-just-time-valentines-week/|title=One Croc, Two Lovers, and a Deadly Twist: 'Aankhein Chaar' from Tu Yaa Main drops just in time for Valentine's week|work=Bollywood Hungama|date=9 February 2026|access-date=12 February 2026}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 28:48
| title1 = Fame Us
| extra1 = 7Bantai'Z, Rai Harrie
| lyrics1 = David Klyton, Nishant Mohite, Aditya Vhatkar, Yogesh Kurme, Siddesh Jammi, Rai Harrie, Nitesh Patel
| music1 = Rai Harrie
| length1 = 3:10
| title2 = Jee Liya
| extra2 = Adarsh Gourav, Lothika
| lyrics2 = Chakori Dwivedi
| music2 = [[Adarsh Gourav]], Aditya N
| length2 = 3:07
| title3 = Naam Karu Bada
| extra3 = Adarsh Gourav
| lyrics3 = 7Bantai'Z
| music3 = Sez on the Beat
| length3 = 2:53
| title4 = Get Your Party Started
| extra4 = Dhruv Visvanath, Chhavi Sodhani, Pragya Sodhani
| lyrics4 = Dhruv Visvanath, ÆbZee, Abhilasha Arun
| music4 = [[Dhruv Visvanath]]
| length4 = 3:19
| title5 = Jee Liya (Reprise)
| extra5 = Adarsh Gourav, Lothika
| lyrics5 = Chakori Dwivedi
| music5 = Adarsh Gourav, Aditya N
| length5 = 3:57
| title6 = MumBhai
| extra6 = Chaitanya Pandit, 2Sharc
| lyrics6 = Chaitanya Pandit, 2Sharc
| music6 = Chaitanya Pandit, 2Sharc
| length6 = 2:01
| title7 = Chandni
| extra7 = 7Bantai'Z
| lyrics7 = David Klyton, Nitesh Patel, Nishant Mohite, Aditya Vhatkar, Yogesh Kurme, Siddesh Jammi
| music7 = Kataaksh, Aditya Bisht
| length7 = 3:38
| title8 = Aala Flowpara
| extra8 = Adarsh Gourav
| lyrics8 = Saurabh Abhyankar
| music8 = Sez on the Beat
| length8 = 3:56
| title9 = Aankhein Chaar
| extra9 = [[Kishore Kumar]]
| lyrics9 = [[Anjaan (lyricist)|Anjaan]]
| music9 = Pextyle
| length9 = 2:47
}}

== Release ==

=== Theatrical ===
''Tu Yaa Main'' was released theatrically on 13 February 2026, coinciding with the Valentine's Day weekend.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Tu Yaa Main teaser: Shanaya Kapoor, Adarsh Gourav deliver thrills |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tu-yaa-main-teaser-101767961615371.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=9 January 2026 |access-date=5 February 2026}}</ref>

=== Home media ===
The post-theatrical digital streaming rights of the film were acquired by [[Netflix]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 January 2026 |last=Irani |first=Shaheen |title=Tu Yaa Main on OTT: Here's where you can stream Adarsh Gourav-Shanaya Kapoor's film post its theatrical release |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/tu-yaa-main-on-ott-heres-where-you-can-stream-adarsh-gourav-shanaya-kapoors-film-post-its-theatrical-release/85b2ac2a78435 |website=[[OTTplay]] |access-date=7 February 2026}}</ref> and the film began streaming on 10 April 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2026 |last=Raghav |first=Vanshika |title=New Friday OTT Releases (April 10, 2026): Tu Yaa Main, O'Romeo, Thrash- 5 movies and TV shows coming on Netflix, Prime Video, JioHotstar and more |url=https://www.wionews.com/photos/new-friday-ott-releases-april-10-2026-tu-yaa-main-o-romeo-thrash-5-movies-and-tv-shows-coming-on-netflix-prime-video-jiohotstar-and-more-1775721917722/1775721917723 |website=[[WION]] |access-date=12 April 2026}}</ref>

==Reception==
Rahul Desai of ''[[The Hollywood Reporter India]]'' stated that "It is silly, campy and perversely enjoyable and Come for the crocodile, stay for the humans."<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2026 |last=Desai |first=Rahul |title='Tu Yaa Main' Movie Review: Reels, Reptiles and a Fun Time at the Movies |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/reviews/theatrical/shanaya-kapoor-adarsh-gourav-bring-reels-reptiles-and-a-fun-time-at-the-movies|website=The Hollywood Reporter India |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref>
Bryan Durham of ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety India]]'' writes in his review that "As much as that 145-minute runtime irks you, you get it. You’re on board with Nambiar’s vision all the way to the intermission and a bit beyond as well, if I’m being honest. But films of TYM’s ilk work better with tighter pacing. It already does a lot right. If only the self-indulgence could’ve been reined in."<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2026 |last=Durham |first=Bryan |title='Tu Yaa Main' Review: This Adarsh Gourav-Shanaya Kapoor Croc-Horror Struggles With Its Own Coolness |url=https://varietyindia.com/tu-yaa-main-review-this-adarsh-gourav-shanaya-kapoor-croc-horror-struggles-with-its-own-coolness/|website=Variety India |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref>

Rishabh Suri of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' gave 3.5 stars out of 5 and said that "We don't see a lot of films like Tu Yaa Main being attempted in Bollywood and this one commits with sincerity."<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2026 |last=Rishabh |first=Suri |title=Tu Yaa Main review: A pulpy survival thriller starring Adarsh Gourav and Shanaya Kapoor that bites harder than expected|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tu-yaa-main-review-a-pulpy-survival-thriller-starring-adarsh-gourav-and-shanaya-kapoor-that-bites-harder-than-expected-101770904842636.html|website=Hindustan Times|access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref> Abhishek Srivastava of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated it 3/5 stars and stated that "The film keeps you involved while it plays out, but if you value narrative cohesion, you may find yourself wishing the two halves had merged into a more unified whole."<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2026 |last=Srivastava |first=Abhishek |title=Tu Yaa Main Movie Review: A romance that slips into a deadly trap|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/tu-yaa-main/movie-review/128249677.cms|website=The Times of India|access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref>

Anisha Rao of ''[[India Today]]'' gave 3 stars out of 5 and said that "Tu Yaa Main is a gripping thriller that fuses modern romance with edge-of-your-seat survival drama in Mumbai. With strong performances and a twist-filled story, it keeps you hooked, capturing fear, trust, and high-stakes tension in every scene."<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2026 |last=Rao |first=Anisha |title=Tu Yaa Main Review: Shanaya-Adarsh Gourav's thriller bites when you least expect it|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/tu-yaa-main-review-shanaya-kapoo-adarsh-gourav-bejoy-nambiar-thriller-bites-when-you-least-expect-it-2867488-2026-02-13|website=India Today|access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref> ''[[Bollywood Hungama]]'' gave it 3 stars out of 5 and stated that "TU YAA MAIN is a decently made survival thriller that benefits from Bejoy Nambiar’s slick treatment, effective jump scares and sincere performances by Adarsh Gourav and Shanaya Kapoor."<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2026 |last=Hunagma |first=Bollywood |title=Tu Yaa Main Movie Review: TU YAA MAIN is a decently made survival thriller|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/amp/movie/tu-yaa-main/critic-review/tu-yaa-main-movie-review/tu-yaa-main-is-a-decently-made-survival-thriller/|website=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref>

[[Shubhra Gupta]] of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' gave 2 stars out of 5 and writes that "My tip: Skip the first half, and check into this survival drama just in time for the crocs and the chaos in order to clutch your Valentine. If you feel the need to."<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2026 |last=Gupta |first=Shubhra |title=Tu Yaa Main movie review: Adarsh Gourav stays watchable as Shanaya Kapoor faces the real danger in Gen Z coded disaster movie|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/tu-yaa-main-movie-review-adarsh-gourav-watchable-shanaya-kapoor-faces-real-danger-gen-z-coded-disaster-movie-10529669/|website=The Indian Express |access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref> Mayur Sanap of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' also gave 2 stars out of 5 and observed that "Tu Yaa Main feels rather indulgent for a survival drama. You can see where it's headed, and it just grows tiresome after a point."<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2026 |last=Sanap |first=Mayur |title=Tu Yaa Main Review: Adarsh Gourav-Shanaya Kapoor's Film Is Too Gimmicky|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/tu-yaa-main-review-adarsh-gourav-shanaya-kapoors-film-is-too-gimmicky/20260213.htm|website=Rediff.com|access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref>

Hardika Gupta of ''[[NDTV]]'' rated it 2/5 stars and said that "To be fair, the second half is where the film marginally redeems itself."<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2026 |last=Gupta |first=Hardika |title=Tu Yaa Main Review: The Crocodile Delivers More Bite Than Shanaya Kapoor-Adarsh Gourav's Love Storyy|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/tu-yaa-main-review-the-crocodile-delivers-more-bite-than-shanaya-kapoor-adarsh-gouravs-love-story-2-stars-10998826|website=NDTV|access-date=13 February 2026}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt36118360}}
* {{BH movie|tu-yaa-main}}

[[Category:2026 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2020s hip-hop films]]
[[Category:2020s romantic thriller films]]
[[Category:2020s survival films]]
[[Category:2026 films]]
[[Category:2026 thriller films]]
[[Category:Colour Yellow Productions films]]
[[Category:Films about crocodilians]]
[[Category:Films about social media]]
[[Category:Films directed by Bejoy Nambiar]]
[[Category:Films distributed by PVR Inox Pictures]]
[[Category:Films set in country houses]]
[[Category:Films set in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Films set in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Films shot in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Hindi-language romantic thriller films]]
[[Category:Hindi-language thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian monster movies]]
[[Category:Indian remakes of Thai films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian survival films]]
[[Category:Indian thriller films]]
[[Category:Thriller film remakes]]

James Singh Naorem

2026-05-01T12:24:26Z

Ilushiklom: made new bio initial version!

{{short description|Indian footballer (born 1993)}}

{{Article for deletion/dated|page=James Singh Naorem|timestamp=20260501122426|year=2026|month=May|day=1|substed=yes|help=off}}


{{Western name order|Naorem James Singh}}
{{Meitei name|Naorem|James|Singh}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = James Singh
| image =
| fullname = James Singh Naorem
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1993|2|1|df=y}}<ref name=MBSFA>{{cite web|title=Mohun Bagan SAIL Football Academy|url=http://www.mbsfa.org/squad.htm|website=MBSFA|accessdate=22 February 2015|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065126/http://www.mbsfa.org/squad.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Imphal]], [[Manipur]], India
| height = {{height|m=1.78}}
| currentclub = [[Bharat FC]]
| clubnumber = 23
| position = [[Defender (association football)|Defender]]
| youthyears1 =
| youthclubs1 = [[Mohun Bagan A.C.|Mohun Bagan]]
| youthyears2 =
| youthclubs2 = [[Pune F.C.|Pune]]
| years1 =
| clubs1 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| caps1 =
| goals1 =
| years2 = 2015–
| clubs2 = [[Bharat FC]]
| caps2 = 5
| goals2 = 0
| nationalyears1 =
| nationalteam1 =
| nationalcaps1 =
| nationalgoals1 =
| club-update = 30 May 2015
| ntupdate =
}}

'''James Singh Naorem''' ({{langx|mni|Naorem James Singh}}, born 1 February 1993) is an Indian professional [[association football|footballer]] who plays as a [[defender (association football)|defender]] for [[Bharat FC]] in the [[I-League]].

==Career==

===Early career===
Born in [[Imphal]], [[Manipur]], Singh began his football career with the [[Mohun Bagan A.C.|Mohun Bagan]] youth set-up.<ref name=MBSFA/> He then joined the [[Pune F.C. Academy]] where he won the [[2012 I-League U20]] title with the side.<ref>{{cite news|title=Champions Pune FC back in town with historic title|url=http://punefc.com/champions-pune-fc-back-in-town-with-historic-title/|accessdate=22 February 2015|work=Pune Football Club|date=1 May 2012}}</ref> After spending time with Pune, Singh joined [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]] in the [[I-League 2|I-League 2nd Division]].

===Bharat FC===
In early 2015 it was announced that Singh had signed for new direct-entry [[I-League]] side [[Bharat FC]] for the [[2014–15 I-League|2014–15]] season.<ref>{{cite news|title=ISL is behind us, I'm looking forward to I-League: Gouramangi|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/ISL-is-behind-us-Im-looking-forward-to-I-League-Gouramangi/articleshow/45730228.cms|accessdate=22 February 2015|work=Times of India|date=2 January 2015}}</ref> He made his professional debut for the club on 24 January 2015 against [[Dempo S.C.|Dempo]]. Singh started the match and played one half as Bharat FC drew the match 0–0.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bharat FC 0-0 Dempo|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2015/01/24/india/i-league/bharat-fc/dempo-sports-club/1980976/|website=Soccerway|accessdate=22 February 2015}}</ref>

==Career statistics==
{{updated|30 May 2015}}<ref>{{soccerway|naorem-james-singh/393711}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!rowspan="2"|Club
!rowspan="2"|Season
!colspan="3"|League
!colspan="2"|Federation Cup
!colspan="2"|Durand Cup
!colspan="2"|[[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]
!colspan="2"|Total
|-
!Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals
|-
|rowspan="1"|[[Bharat FC]]
|[[2014–15 I-League|2014–15]]
|[[I-League]]||5||0||—||—||—||—||—||—||5||0
|-
!colspan="3"|Career total
!5!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!5!!0
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.bharatfc.com/player-detail.php?player_id=22 Bharat FC profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002907/http://www.bharatfc.com/player-detail.php?player_id=22 |date=4 March 2016 }}.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Naorem James}}
[[Category:1993 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Footballers from Imphal]]
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Deep Jweley Jaai

2026-04-30T03:39:46Z

Ilushiklom: Article

{{Short description|1959 Bengali-language film by Asit Sen}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Deep Jwélé Jaai
| image = Deep Jweley Jai.jpg
| caption = DVD cover
| director = [[Asit Sen (director)|Asit Sen]]
| producer = Rakhal Saha
| writer = [[Ashutosh Mukhopadhyay|Ashutosh Mukherjee]]
| starring = [[Suchitra Sen]] [[Anil Chatterjee]] [[Basanta Choudhury|Vasant Choudhury]]
| narrator =
| music = [[Hemanta Mukherjee]]
| cinematography = Anil Gupta
| editing =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1959}}
| runtime = 132 minutes
| country = India
| language = Bengali
| budget =
}}
{{Listen
| type = music
| filename = এই_রাত_তোমার_আমার.mp3
| title = Ei raat tomar amar - Bengali movie song from Deep Jwele Jai (1959) (This night is yours and mine)
| description = Lyricist [[Gauriprasanna Mazumder]], composer and singer [[Hemanta Mukherjee]]
| pos =
}}
'''''Deep Jwele Jaai'''''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citwf.com/film82781.htm|title=DEEP JWELEY JAI - Film Database - Movie Database|publisher=citwf.com|accessdate=2008-10-23|last=|first=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225073759/http://www.citwf.com/film82781.htm|archive-date=25 February 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> ({{translation|To light a lamp}}) is a 1959 Indian [[Bengali language|Bengali]]-language film directed by [[Asit Sen (director)|Asit Sen]]. The film is based on a Bengali short story titled ''Nurse Mitra'' by [[Ashutosh Mukhopadhyay|Ashutosh Mukherjee]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=আনন্দবাজার পত্রিকা - নিবন্ধ |url=https://archives.anandabazar.com/archive/1140111/11smaran.html |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=archives.anandabazar.com |archive-date=12 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112104758/https://archives.anandabazar.com/archive/1140111/11smaran.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> It was remade in Hindi in 1969 by Sen himself as ''[[Khamoshi (1970 film)|Khamoshi]]''.<ref>[http://noisebreak.com/6-old-gold-bengali-movies-inspired-bollywood-remake-part-ii/ 6 Old Gold Bengali Movies Inspired Bollywood Remake - Part II]. noisebreak.com.</ref><ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/remakes-of-bengali-films-whats-new-in-this-trend/articleshow/72241437.cms Remakes of Bengali Films Whats new in This Trend]. ''[[The Times of India]]''.</ref> Before that it had been remade in Telugu in 1960 as ''[[Chivaraku Migiledi]]''. The 1984 Kannada movie "Asha Kirana" starring ''[[Shankar Nag]]'' has a similar storyline

==Plot==
This is a story of a nurse in a psychiatric hospital, played by [[Suchitra Sen]]. Sen's character is part of a team exploring new therapy for patients who have suffered from emotional trauma. The approach taken by the team is to offer these individuals an emotional resort, which is where Sen plays her part. Her role is to act as a friend and a lover of the patient, but at the same time, refrain from any emotional involvement on her own part as her role is purely that of a nurse who is helping the patient recover. She has to repeatedly break the emotional attachments that she experiences because as a nurse, she is part of therapy.

The movie looks at the neglected emotional trauma of this nurse who is used merely as a tool in the whole process of therapy. The movie ends by showing that the Sen is being admitted to the same ward where she used to be a nurse. The last words in the movie are uttered by Sen, who whispers out "I wasn't acting, I couldn't" (in English) indicating that she indeed fell in love with her patient. Also cast among others, were [[Pahari Sanyal]], who plays a veteran doctor eager to explore new grounds, but hesitant of the human costs. [[Basanta Chowdhury]] plays as an artist and a lover-scorned.

The music was directed by [[Hemanta Mukherjee]], and one of the songs, "Ei Raat Tomar Amar" (This night's just for you and me) has come to be regarded as one of the greatest and sensuous love song ever sung in Bengali.

==Cast==
*[[Suchitra Sen]] as Radha
*[[Basanta Choudhury]] as Tapash
*[[Pahari Sanyal]] as Psychiatrist
*[[Tulsi Chakraborty]]
*[[Anil Chatterjee]] as Patient at mental asylum
*[[Chandrabati Devi]] as Matron
*[[Shyam Laha]]
*Namita Sinha
*Kajari Guha
*Dilip Choudhury

==Soundtrack==
{{Track listing
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics = [[Gauriprasanna Mazumder]]
| all_music = [[Hemanta Mukherjee]]
| headline = Songs
| extra_column = Playback
| title1 = Ei Raat Tomar Amar
| length1 = 1:55
| extra1 = [[Hemanta Mukherjee]]
| title2 = Emon Bondhu Aar Ke Aache
| length2 = 2:35
| extra2 = [[Manna Dey]]
| title3 = Aar Jeno Nei Kono Bhabna
| length3 = 2:49
| extra3 = [[Lata Mangeshkar]]
| total_length = 7:19
}}

==Remakes==
The film turned out to be a big hit, especially in the urban centres. Impressed by the storyline, producer Vuppunuthula Purushotham Reddy and director [[Gutha Ramineedu]] remade the Bengali film into ''[[Chivaraku Migiledi]]'' in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] starring [[Savitri (actress)|Savitri]] which flopped at the box office though.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/Chivaraku-Migiledi-1960/article14022703.ece|title = Chivaraku Migiledi (1960)|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 28 January 2016|last1 = Narasimhan|first1 = M. L.}}</ref> The director [[Asit Sen (actor)|Asit Sen]] would later remake the film in [[Hindi]] as ''[[Khamoshi (1970 film)|Khamoshi]]'' (Silence) (1969), starring [[Waheeda Rehman]], [[Rajesh Khanna]], and [[Dharmendra]] in a guest role.

In 1986, [[Priyadarshan]] drew inspiration from the English novel ''[[One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (novel)|One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest]]'' and the above 3 films and made the [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam film]] ''[[Thalavattam]]''. It was remade in Hindi as ''[[Kyon Ki]]'' in 2005 starring [[Salman Khan]], [[Kareena Kapoor Khan|Kareena Kapoor]], [[Rimi Sen]], [[Jackie Shroff]], and [[Om Puri]].<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.salmankhan.net/movies/kyounki.asp
|title=::Latest Bollywood Movie Kyunki :: Movie Review of Kyunki Movie :: story, cast and crew, stills of Kyunki Movie ::
|publisher=www.salmankhan.net
|accessdate=2008-10-23
|url-status=dead
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723230309/http://www.salmankhan.net/movies/kyounki.asp
|archivedate=23 July 2008
|df=dmy
}}
</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0321968|Deep Jwele Jaai}}

[[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]]
[[Category:1959 films]]
[[Category:Films set in psychiatric hospitals]]
[[Category:Films based on short fiction]]
[[Category:Films scored by Hemant Kumar]]
[[Category:Bengali films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:1959 Bengali-language films]]
[[Category:Films based on works by Ashutosh Mukhopadhyay]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:1959 romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]

Cinema of West Bengal

2026-04-28T04:22:28Z

Ilushiklom: update citations and fixed typos to improve readability

{{Short description|Indian cinema}}

{{Distinguish|text = [[Telugu cinema]], also called Tollywood}}
{{about|Cinema of West Bengal in India|Bengali cinema in Bangladesh|Cinema of Bangladesh}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox cinema market
| name = Cinema of West Bengal
| image = File:Indiafilm.svg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| screens = 381 screens in [[West Bengal]] and [[Tripura]] states of India (2023)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vinayak |first=A. J. |date=28 September 2022 |title=Why films from the South set the box office on fire |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/data-stories/why-screens-and-seats-count-in-creating-hit-south-indian-movies/article65945389.ece |work=[[The Hindu Business Line]] |access-date=8 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929190733/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/data-stories/why-screens-and-seats-count-in-creating-hit-south-indian-movies/article65945389.ece |archive-date=September 29, 2022}}</ref>
| screens_per_capita =
| distributors = {{br separated entries|[[Shree Venkatesh Films|SVF]]|[[Eskay Movies]]|[[Surinder Films]]|[[Jeet (actor)|Grassroot Entertainment]]|[[Dev Entertainment Ventures]]|[[Windows Production]]|Patras Glam Entertainment<ref>{{cite web | title=Action thriller 'Nasha Jurm aur Gangsters' gearing up for release | work=The Times of India | date=April 2023 | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/action-thriller-nasha-jurm-aur-gangsters-gearing-up-for-release/articleshow/99174921.cms }}</ref>|}}
| produced_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=List of feature films certified in 2023 |url=https://www.cbfcindia.gov.in/cbfcAdmin/assets/pdf/Films_certified_2023.pdf |website=cbfcindia.gov.in |access-date=13 March 2025 |language=en}}</ref>
| produced_total = 145 (Theatrical)
| produced_year = 2023
| produced_fictional =
| produced_animated =
| produced_documentary =
| admissions_year =
| admissions_ref =
| admissions_total =
| admissions_per_capita =
| admissions_national =
| box_office_year = 2025
| box_office_ref = <ref>{{cite web
|title=The Ormax Box Office Report: 2025 |url=https://www.ormaxmedia.com/data/library/TheOrmaxBoxOfficeReport-2025.pdf
|website=Ormax Media
|publisher=Ormax Media
|format=PDF
|access-date=11 February 2026
|quote=According to The Ormax Box Office Report: 2025, the Indian box office crossed ₹13,000 crore in gross collections in 2025.
}}</ref>
| box_office_total = {{INRConvert|108|c}} 
| box_office_national =
}}

'''Cinema of West Bengal''', also known as '''Tollywood''' or '''Bengali cinema in India''', is the segment of [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]], dedicated to the production of motion pictures in the [[Bengali language]], widely spoken in the state of [[West Bengal]] and [[Eastern India]]. It is based in the [[Tollygunge]] region of [[Kolkata]], West Bengal. The origin of the nickname "Tollywood"—a [[portmanteau]] of the words Tollygunge and [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]]—dates back to 1932.<ref name=Sarkar/> It was a historically important film industry, at one time the centre of Indian film production.<ref name=Sarkar/> The Bengali film industry is known for producing many of [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]]'s most critically acclaimed [[Parallel Cinema]] and [[art film]]s, with several of its filmmakers gaining recognition at the [[National Film Awards|Indian National Film Awards]] and earning international acclaim.

Bengali feature films have won the most [[National Film Awards]] with 22 wins in India.<ref>{{cite web |last=Muthyanolla |first=vSai Krishna |date=4 October 2024 |title=Data: 50% of the Best Feature Film Awards in the National Film Awards went to Bengali & Malayalam Films |url=https://factly.in/data-50-of-the-best-feature-film-awards-in-the-national-film-awards-went-to-bengali-malayalam-films/ |website=Factly |access-date=11 February 2026 |quote=Data from the 70 editions of the National Film Awards indicate Bengali films have led the count with 22 awards in the Best Feature Film category, followed by Malayalam with 13 and Hindi films with 12.}}</ref> The history of Bengali cinema began in the early 20th century with the release of ''[[Billwamangal]]'' (also known as Bhagwat Gita) in 1919, which is widely regarded as the world's first Bengali film<ref>{{cite news |title=NFAI acquires ‘Bilwamangal’, a 1919 silent film |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/entertainment-others/nfai-acquires-bilwamangal-a-1919-silent-film-2983847/ |work=The Indian Express |date=20 August 2016 |access-date=11 February 2026}}</ref> Produced by Madan Theatres and directed by Rustomji Dhotiwala, the film was a silent film based on a religious narrative and marked Bengal’s entry into feature-length filmmaking. Although earlier film experiments in Bengal were conducted by Hiralal Sen between 1898 and 1903, these consisted mainly of short actuality and theatrical recordings rather than full-length narrative films. The release of ''Billwamangal'' laid the foundation for the development of the Bengali film industry, which later emerged as one of the most influential regional cinemas in India.{{cn|date=February 2026}}

Ever since [[Satyajit Ray]]'s ''[[Pather Panchali (film)|Pather Panchali]]'' (1955) was awarded Best Human Document at the [[1956 Cannes Film Festival]], Bengali films frequently appeared in international fora and film festivals for the next several decades.<ref name="Desai38">Desai, Jigna (2004), ''[[iarchive:beyondbollywoodc0000desa/page/38/mode/2up|Beyond Bollywood: The Cultural Politics of South Asian Diasporic Film]]'', p. 38, [[Routledge]], {{ISBN|0-415-96684-1}}</ref> This allowed Bengali filmmakers to reach a global audience. The most influential among them was Satyajit Ray, whose films became successful among European, [[Americas|American]] and Asian audiences.<ref>{{cite web|title=Why we admire Satyajit Ray so much|author=Arthur J Pais|work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=14 April 2009|url=http://movies.rediff.com/report/2009/apr/14/why-we-admire-satyajit-ray-so-much.htm|access-date=17 April 2009|archive-date=1 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001050858/http://movies.rediff.com/report/2009/apr/14/why-we-admire-satyajit-ray-so-much.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> His work subsequently had a worldwide impact, with filmmakers such as [[Martin Scorsese]],<ref>{{cite web |author=Chris Ingui |publisher=Hatchet |url=http://media.www.gwhatchet.com/media/storage/paper332/news/2002/03/04/Arts/Martin.Scorsese.Hits.Dc.Hangs.With.The.Hachet-195598.shtml |title=Martin Scorsese hits DC, hangs with the Hachet |access-date=29 June 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826214118/http://media.www.gwhatchet.com/media/storage/paper332/news/2002/03/04/Arts/Martin.Scorsese.Hits.Dc.Hangs.With.The.Hachet-195598.shtml |archive-date=26 August 2009}}</ref> [[James Ivory (director)|James Ivory]],<ref>{{cite web | author=Sheldon Hall | publisher=Screen Online | url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/532213/index.html | title=Ivory, James (1928-) | access-date=12 February 2007 | archive-date=30 December 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061230165100/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/532213/index.html | url-status=live }}</ref> [[Abbas Kiarostami]], [[Elia Kazan]], [[François Truffaut]],<ref>{{cite news|title=THE 'WORLD' OF SATYAJIT RAY: LEGACY OF INDIA'S PREMIER FILM MAKER ON DISPLAY |author=Dave Kehr |work=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]] |date=5 May 1995 |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/1995/05/05/1995-05-05_the__world__of_satyajit_ray_.html |access-date=6 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090915204359/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/1995/05/05/1995-05-05_the__world__of_satyajit_ray_.html |archive-date=15 September 2009 }}</ref> [[Carlos Saura]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Satyajit Ray is this Spanish director's inspiration|author=Suchetana Ray|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=11 March 2008|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/satyajit-ray-is-this-spanish-directors-inspiration/60900-8.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090915212023/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/satyajit-ray-is-this-spanish-directors-inspiration/60900-8.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 September 2009|access-date=6 June 2009}}</ref> [[Isao Takahata]],<ref>{{cite web |author=Daniel Thomas |title=Film Reviews: Grave of the Fireflies (Hotaru no Haka) |date=20 January 2003 |url=http://www.danielthomas.org/pop/film_reviews/fireflies.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030206152449/http://danielthomas.org/pop/film_reviews/fireflies.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 February 2003 |access-date=30 May 2009 }}</ref> [[Wes Anderson]]<ref name = "The Statesman">{{cite web| title = On Ray's Trail| url = http://www.thestatesman.net/page.arcview.php?clid=30&id=172929&usrsess=1
| publisher = The Statesman| access-date = 19 October 2007|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080103071501/http://www.thestatesman.net/page.arcview.php?clid=30&id=172929&usrsess=1 |archive-date = 3 January 2008}}</ref> and [[Danny Boyle]]<ref name=Jivani>{{cite web |author=Alkarim Jivani |title=Mumbai rising |work=[[Sight & Sound]] |date=February 2009 |url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/49511 |access-date=1 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201115836/http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/49511/ |archive-date=1 February 2009 }}</ref> being influenced by his cinematic style, and many others such as [[Akira Kurosawa]] praising his work.<ref>{{Cite book|last1 = Robinson|given1 = A|year = 2003|title = Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye: The Biography of a Master Film-Maker|publisher = I. B. Tauris|isbn = 1-86064-965-3|page = 96}}</ref>

The "youthful [[Coming of age|coming-of-age]] [[Drama film|dramas]] that have flooded art houses since the mid-fifties owe a tremendous debt to the [[The Apu Trilogy|Apu trilogy]]".<ref>{{Cite journal|title=An Art Wedded to Truth |first=Michael |last=Sragow |year=1994 |journal=[[The Atlantic|The Atlantic Monthly]] |publisher=[[University of California, Santa Cruz]] |url=http://satyajitray.ucsc.edu/articles/sragow.html |access-date=11 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090412212046/http://satyajitray.ucsc.edu/articles/sragow.html |archive-date=12 April 2009 }}</ref> ''[[Kanchenjungha]]'' (1962) introduced a narrative structure that resembles later [[hyperlink cinema]].<ref>{{cite web|title=An Interview with Satyajit Ray|year=1982|url=https://raylifeandwork.blogspot.com/2009/02/interview-with-satyajit-ray.html|access-date=24 May 2009|archive-date=8 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708061608/http://raylifeandwork.blogspot.com/2009/02/interview-with-satyajit-ray.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Ray's 1967 script for a film to be called ''[[The Alien (1960s film)|The Alien]]'', which was eventually cancelled, is widely believed to have been the inspiration for [[Steven Spielberg]]'s ''[[E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial|E.T.]]'' (1982).<ref name=unmaderay>{{cite web|url=http://www.satyajitrayworld.com/raysfilmography/unmaderay.aspx |title=Ordeals of the Alien |last=Ray |first=Satyajit |work=The Unmade Ray |publisher=Satyajit Ray Society |access-date=21 April 2008 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080427215538/http://www.satyajitrayworld.com/raysfilmography/unmaderay.aspx |archive-date=27 April 2008 }}</ref><ref name=IMDbRay>{{cite web|author=Neumann P|publisher=Internet Movie Database Inc|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0006249/bio|title=Biography for Satyajit Ray|access-date=29 April 2006|archive-date=13 March 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313074923/http://imdb.com/name/nm0006249/bio|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=UCSCcurrents>{{cite news|author=Newman J|url=http://www.ucsc.edu/currents/01-02/09-17/ray.html|title=Satyajit Ray Collection receives Packard grant and lecture endowment|publisher=UC Santa Cruz Currents online|date=17 September 2001|access-date=29 April 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051104203511/http://www.ucsc.edu/currents/01-02/09-17/ray.html|archive-date=4 November 2005}}</ref> [[Ira Sachs]]' ''[[Forty Shades of Blue]]'' (2005) was a loose remake of ''[[Charulata]]'' (1964), and in [[Gregory Nava]]'s ''[[My Family (1995 film)|My Family]]'' (1995), the final scene is duplicated from the final scene of ''[[The World of Apu]]''. Similar references to Ray films are found in recent works such as ''[[Sacred Evil]]'' (2006),<ref>{{cite web | author=SK Jha | publisher=Telegraph India | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060609/asp/etc/story_6319302.asp | title=Sacred Ray | access-date=29 June 2006 | archive-date=18 June 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618042430/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060609/asp/etc/story_6319302.asp | url-status=dead }}</ref> the ''[[Elements trilogy]]'' of [[Deepa Mehta]], and in films of [[Jean-Luc Godard]].<ref>{{cite web|author = André Habib|publisher = Senses of Cinema | url=https://newbengalimoviesdownload.clickto.in/before-and-after-origins-and-death-in-the-work-of-jean-luc-godard/ |title=Before and After: Origins and Death in the Work of Jean-Luc Godard | access-date=29 June 2006|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060614150838/http://www.sensesofcinema.com/contents/01/16/godard_habib.html |archive-date = 14 June 2006}}</ref>

Another prominent Bengali filmmaker is [[Mrinal Sen]], whose films have been well known for their [[Marxism|Marxist]] views. During his career, Mrinal Sen's films have received awards from major film festivals, including [[Cannes Film Festival|Cannes]], Berlin, [[Venice]], Moscow, [[Karlovy Vary]], [[Montreal]], [[Chicago]], and [[Cairo]]. Retrospectives of his films have been shown in major cities of the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mrinalsen.org/|title=Mrinal Sen|access-date=15 May 2009|archive-date=27 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527172007/http://mrinalsen.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> Bengali filmmaker [[Ritwik Ghatak]] began reaching a global audience long after his death; beginning in the 1990s, a project to restore Ghatak's films was undertaken, and international exhibitions (and subsequent DVD releases) have belatedly generated an increasingly global audience. Some of his films have strong similarities to later famous international films, such as ''[[Ajantrik]]'' (1958) resembled the [[Herbie]] films (1967–2005) and ''[[Bari Theke Paliye]]'' (1958) resembled [[François Truffaut]]'s ''[[The 400 Blows]]'' (1959). Other eminent Bengali filmmakers included the trio of [[Tapan Sinha]], [[Ajoy Kar]] and [[Tarun Majumdar]], collectively referred as "TAT". Their films have been well known for Best Literature Adaptation and displaying larger than life perspectives. ''[[Ajoy Kar]]'' directorial numerous films created many new milestones and broke existing box office records in the Golden Era.

The cinematographer [[Subrata Mitra]], who made his debut with Ray's ''The Apu Trilogy'', also had an important influence on [[cinematography]] across the world. One of his most important techniques was [[Reflector (photography)#Bounce lighting|bounce lighting]], to recreate the effect of daylight on sets. He pioneered the technique while filming ''[[Aparajito]]'' (1956), the second part of ''The Apu Trilogy''.<ref name=cinematographers>{{cite web|title=Subrata Mitra|publisher=Internet Encyclopedia of Cinematographers|url=http://www.cinematographers.nl/GreatDoPh/mitra.htm|access-date=22 May 2009|archive-date=2 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602164022/http://www.cinematographers.nl/GreatDoPh/mitra.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Some of the experimental techniques which Satyajit Ray pioneered include [[Negative (photography)|photo-negative]] [[Flashback (narrative)|flashback]]s and [[X-ray]] [[digression]]s while filming ''[[Pratidwandi]]'' (1972).<ref>{{cite web|title=First Light: Satyajit Ray From the Apu Trilogy to the Calcutta Trilogy|author=Nick Pinkerton|date=14 April 2009|work=[[The Village Voice]]|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/2009-04-15/film/first-light-satyajit-ray-from-the-apu-trilogy-to-the-calcutta-trilogy|access-date=9 July 2009|archive-date=25 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625154630/http://www.villagevoice.com/2009-04-15/film/first-light-satyajit-ray-from-the-apu-trilogy-to-the-calcutta-trilogy|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Following Kerala's Hema committee, similar proposal for setting up a committee in West Bengal's Tollywood has been proposed to the Chief Minister.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-11 |title=Actor Ritabhari: Mamata Banerjee responded to our request for Hema Committee-like body |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/committee-formed-to-investigate-sexual-harassment-in-bengali-film-industry-2597882-2024-09-11 |access-date=2024-09-11 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

==Etymology==
Tollywood was the very first [[Hollywood-inspired names|Hollywood-inspired name]], dating back to a 1932 article in the ''[[American Cinematographer]]'' by Wilford E. Deming, an American engineer who was involved in the production of the first Indian sound film. He gave the industry the name Tollywood because the [[Tollygunge]] district in which it was based rhymed with "Hollywood", and because Tollygunge was the centre of the [[cinema of India]] as a whole at the time much like Hollywood was in the [[cinema of the United States]].<ref name=Sarkar>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1177/0921374007088054|first=Bhaskar|last=Sarkar|title=The Melodramas of Globalization|journal=Cultural Dynamics|year=2008|volume=20|pages=31–51 [34]|s2cid=143977618}}</ref>

In that same March 1932 article, Deming was also considering the name "Hollygunge" but decided to go with "Tollywood" as the nickname for the Tollygunge area due to "Tolly being a proper name and Gunge meaning locality" in the [[Bengali language]]. It was this "chance juxtaposition of two pairs of rhyming syllables," Holly and Tolly, that led to the name "Tollywood" being coined. The name "Tollywood" went on to be used as a nickname for the Bengali film industry by the popular [[Kolkata]]-based ''[[The Statesman (India)|Junior Statesman]]'' youth magazine, establishing a precedent for other film industries to use similar-sounding names.<ref name="prasad_2008">{{cite book|last=Prasad|first=M. Madhava|title=Global Bollywood|year=2008|publisher=[[New York University Press]]|location=New York|isbn=978-0-8147-4798-8|pages=41–3|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2CqERCzWn5gC&pg=PA41|author2=Punathambekar, Aswin|editor=Anandam P. Kavoori|access-date=6 February 2012|chapter=Chapter 2: Surviving Bollywood|archive-date=1 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501083304/https://books.google.com/books?id=2CqERCzWn5gC&pg=PA41|url-status=live}}</ref> Tollywood later went on to inspire the name "[[Bollywood]]" (as the [[Mumbai|Bombay]]-based industry overtook the one in Tollygunge), which in turn inspired many other [[List of Hollywood-inspired nicknames|similar names]].<ref name=Sarkar/><ref name="prasad_2008"/>

==History==
[[File:Dena paona 1931.jpg|thumb|right|180px|A scene from ''[[Dena Paona (film)|Dena Paona]]'', 1931]]
{{more citations needed section|date=February 2024}}

The history of cinema in [[Bengal]] dates to the 1920s when the first "[[bioscope show|bioscopes]]" were shown in theatres in [[Calcutta]]. Within a decade, [[Hiralal Sen]], considered a stalwart of [[Victorian era]] cinema<ref name="VF">{{cite web|url=http://www.victorian-cinema.net/sen.htm|title=Who's Who of Victorian Cinema|access-date=16 September 2008|archive-date=23 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523154503/http://www.victorian-cinema.net/sen.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> set up the [[Royal Bioscope Company]], producing scenes from the stage productions of a number of popular shows<ref name="VF" /> at the [[Star Theatre, Calcutta|Star Theatre]], [[Minerva Theatre, Kolkata|Minerva Theatre]], [[Classic Theatre]]. Following a long gap after Sen's works,<ref name="Banglanet">[http://www.bangladesh.net/cinema/page2.htm Pioneers of Bangladeshi Cinema] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070125000256/http://www.bangladesh.net/cinema/page2.htm |date=25 January 2007 }}</ref> [[Dhirendra Nath Ganguly]] (known as D.G.) established the [[Indo British Film Co]], the first Bengali-owned production company, in 1918. However, the first Bengali feature film, ''[[Billwamangal]]'', was produced in 1919, under the banner of [[Madan Theatre]]. ''[[Bilat Ferat (1921)|Bilat Ferat]]'' was the IBFC's first production in 1921. The [[Madan Theatre]] production of ''[[Jamai Shashthi]]'' was the first Bengali [[talkie]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0316049/|title=Jamai Shashthi (1931)|date=11 April 1931|work=IMDb|access-date=29 June 2018|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916215027/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0316049/|url-status=live}}</ref> A long history has been traversed since then, with stalwarts such as [[Satyajit Ray]], [[Mrinal Sen]], [[Ritwik Ghatak]], [[Tapan Sinha]], [[Ajoy Kar]] and others earning international acclaim and securing their place in the movie history.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

===Early development===

==== Silent era: 1919–1930 ====
{{Main|List of silent Bengali films}}
[[Hiralal Sen]], India is credited as one of Bengal's, and India's first directors. These were all [[silent film]]s. Hiralal Sen is also credited as one of the pioneers of advertisement films in India. The first Bengali-language movie was the silent feature ''[[Billwamangal]]'', produced by the Madan Theatre Company of Calcutta and released on 8 November 1919, only six years after the first full-length Indian feature film, ''[[Raja Harish Chandra]]'', was released.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hayat |first=Anupam |year=2012 |chapter=Film, Feature |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Film,_Feature |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |access-date=21 March 2016 |archive-date=26 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926202745/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Film,_Feature |url-status=live }}</ref>

The early beginnings of the "talking film" industry go back to the early 1930s when it came to [[British India]], and to Calcutta. The movies were originally made in [[Urdu]] or [[Persian language|Persian]] to accommodate a specific elite market. One of the earliest known studios was the [[East India Film Company]]. The first Bengali film to be made as a [[talkie]] was ''[[Jamai Shashthi]]'', released in 1931. At this time the early heroes of the Bengali film industry like [[Pramathesh Barua]] and [[Debaki Bose]] were at the peak of their popularity. Barua also directed movies, exploring new dimensions in Indian cinema. Debaki Bose directed ''Chandidas'' in 1932; this film is noted for its breakthrough in recording sound. Sound recordist Mukul Bose found a solution to the problem of spacing out dialogue and frequency modulation.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

==== Rise of the talkie: 1931–1947 ====
[[File:Seeta 1933.jpg|thumb|right|180px|A scene from ''[[Seeta (1933 film)|Seeta]]'' (dir: [[Sisir Bhaduri]]), 1933. [[Sisir Bhaduri]], [[Amalendu Lahiri]].]]
The [[Bengali film industry]] has made significant contributions to the [[cinema of India]]. The first Bengali [[talkies]] were the short film ''[[Jamai Shashthi]]'' released on 11 April 1931 at Crown Cinema Hall in Calcutta, and full-length feature ''[[Dena Paona (film)|Dena Paona]]'' released on 30 December 1931 at Chitra Cinema Hall in Calcutta. The industry was based in [[Tollygunge]], an area of South Kolkata, [[West Bengal]] that is more elite and artistically inclined than the usual [[musical film|musical]] cinema fare in India.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} [[Kanan Devi]] was an early female star of Bengali film, alongside [[Chandrabati Devi]], [[Molina Devi]] and [[Chhaya Devi]]. The most popular Bengali male actors were [[Sisir Bhaduri]], [[Chhabi Biswas]], [[Ahindra Choudhury]], [[Dhiraj Bhattacharya]] and [[Pahari Sanyal]]. Popular filmmakers include [[Debaki Bose]], [[Nitin Bose]], [[Madhu Bose]], [[Premankur Atorthy]] and [[Premendra Mitra]].

=== Golden era: 1952–1981 ===
{{See also|Parallel Cinema}}
[[File:Satyajit Ray.jpg|thumb|right|180px|[[Satyajit Ray]]]]

Bengali cinema enjoyed a large, even disproportionate, representation in Indian cinema during this period. They produced directors like [[Ajoy Kar]], [[Satyajit Ray]], [[Tapan Sinha]], [[Mrinal Sen]], [[Tarun Majumdar]], [[Premendra Mitra]]. [[Satyajit Ray]] is an [[Academy Honorary Award]] winner and the recipient of India's and France's greatest civilian honours, the [[Bharat Ratna]] and [[Légion d'honneur|Legion of Honor]] respectively, and [[Mrinal Sen]] is the recipient of the French distinction of Commander of the [[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Order of Arts and Letters]] and the Russian [[Order of Friendship]]. The revival in Bengali Mainstream cinema dates from the rise of directors such as [[Tarun Majumdar]] along with [[Arabinda Mukhopadhyay]] and [[Shakti Samanta]]. Other prominent filmmakers in the Bengali film industry at the time included [[Ritwik Ghatak]], [[Mrinal Sen]], [[Tapan Sinha]] and [[Ajoy Kar]]. The Bengali film industry has produced classics such as ''[[Nagarik]]'' (1952), ''[[The Apu Trilogy]]'' (1955–1959), ''[[Kabuliwala (1957 film)|Kabuliwala]]'' (1957), ''[[Jalsaghar]]'' (1958), ''[[Ajantrik]]'' (1958), ''[[Neel Akasher Neechey]]'' (1959), ''[[Devi (1960 film)|Devi]]'' (1960), ''[[Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960 film)|Meghe Dhaka Tara]]'' (1960), ''[[Saptapadi (1961 film)|Saptapadi]]'' (1961), ''[[Jhinder Bondi]]'' (1961), ''[[Saat Pake Bandha]]'' (1963), ''[[Jatugriha]]'' (1964), ''[[Atithi (1965 film)|Atithi]]'' (1965), ''[[Hatey Bazarey]]'' (1967), ''[[Malyadan]]'' (1971), ''[[Nimantran]]'' (1971), ''[[Shriman Prithviraj]]'' (1973), [[Pratidwandi|Calcutta trilogies]] (1971–1976), ''[[Mrigayaa]]'' (1976), ''[[Ganadevata (film)|Ganadevata]]'' (1978), etc. In particular,''Calcutta trilogies'', ''The Apu Trilogy'', ''Shriman Prithviraj'', ''Saptapadi'' are frequently listed among the [[Films considered the greatest ever|greatest films of all time]].<ref name=bfipoll>{{cite web|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/history/1992.html|title=The Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll: 1992|work=[[Sight & Sound]]|publisher=[[British Film Institute]]|access-date=20 May 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309164155/http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/history/1992.html|archive-date=9 March 2012}}</ref><ref name=villagevoice>{{cite web|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/specials/take/one/full_list.php3?category=10 |title=Take One: The First Annual Village Voice Film Critics' Poll |access-date=27 July 2006|year=1999 |work=[[The Village Voice]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070826201343/http://www.villagevoice.com/specials/take/one/full_list.php3?category=10|archive-date= 26 August 2007}}</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/ref/movies/1000best.html "The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222124411/https://www.nytimes.com/ref/movies/1000best.html |date=22 December 2016 }}. ''[[The New York Times]]''. 2002.</ref><ref name=Time>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/2005/100movies/the_complete_list.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050523235033/http://www.time.com/time/2005/100movies/the_complete_list.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 May 2005|title=All-Time 100 Best Movies|access-date=19 May 2008|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=12 February 2005}}</ref>

The most well-known [[Bengali people|Bengali]] superstars to date have been [[Uttam Kumar]] and [[Soumitra Chatterjee]].Uttam is considered the most popular and Soumitra the finest.[[Suchitra Sen]] is regarded as the most beautiful and influential actress of Bengali cinema. [[Uttam Kumar|Kumar]] and [[Suchitra Sen|Sen]] were known as "The Eternal Pair" in the late 1950s. This pair worked in the 1961 epic Romantic drama ''[[Saptapadi (1961 film)]]'' by [[Ajoy Kar|Kar]] besides others. Suchitra Sen got her first International Award for ''[[Saat Pake Bandha]] (1963)'' by [[Ajoy Kar|Kar]]. Apart from Sen, [[Sabitri Chatterjee]] and [[Sumitra Devi (actress)|Sumitra Devi]] were very popular actresses.

[[Soumitra Chatterjee]] considered one of the greatest actors in the history of Indian and [[World cinema|World Cinema]], and the finest actor in the history of Bengali cinema left an indelible mark on every role he played. An artist of unparalleled depth and versatility, he became the quintessential face of Satyajit Ray’s masterpieces and a defining force in Bengali cinema for over six decades.

Beyond cinema, Chatterjee was an influential figure in Bengali theatre, both as an actor and director, and was a prolific poet and writer. His profound impact on the arts was recognized with numerous accolades, including the [[Padma Bhushan]] (2004), [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] (2012) for lifetime achievement in Indian cinema and the [[Legion of Honour]](2018) France’s highest civilian award.While Uttam Kumar and Soumitra Chatterjee were often perceived as rivals in the 1960s Bengali film industry, they actually shared a close, brotherly relationship. Their first meeting occurred at Soumitra's sister's wedding, where Uttam Kumar, a friend of Soumitra's brother-in-law, was present.This personal connection fostered a deep friendship between the two actors, contradicting the popular belief of intense rivalry.Soumitra's best films include [[The World of Apu|Opur Shongshar]] (1959),[[Charulata|Charulota]] (1964),[[Devi (1960 film)|Devi]] (1960), [[Aranyer Din Ratri|Oronner Din Ratri]] (1970), [[Sonar Kella|Shonar Kella]] (1974), [[Abhijan (1962 film)|Obhijan]] (1962), [[Teen Kanya|Teen Konna]] (1961), [[Kapurush]] (1965), [[Joi Baba Felunath (film)|Joi Baba Felunath]] (1979), [[Ghare Baire (film)|Ghore Baire]] (1984), [[Ganashatru|Gonoshatru]] (1990), [[Distant Thunder (1973 film)|Oshoni Shonket]] (1973), [[Shakha Proshakha]] (1990), [[Hirak Rajar Deshe|Hirok Rajar Deshe]] (1980), [[Teen Bhubaner Pare|Teen Bhuboner Pare]] (1969), [[Saat Pake Bandha|Shat Pake Badha]](1963), [[Akash Kusum]] (1965), [[Bela Seshe]] (2015), [[Podokkhep]] (2006).

In 70's, [[Ranjit Mallick]] is famous for Youth Characterization of [[Interview (1971 film)|Interview]], [[Calcutta 71]]. [[Rabi Ghosh]] and [[Anil Chatterjee]] is a notable actor for his Versatile Acting which impressed the Audience in short time.

In the 1960s, Bengal saw a host of talented actresses like [[Aparna Sen]], [[Sharmila Tagore]], [[Madhabi Mukherjee]], [[Sandhya Roy]] and, [[Supriya Devi]] and [[Jayashree Kabir]]. Aparna Sen was one of the most successful actresses of the Golden Era. She became the leading heroine of the 1970s and since 1981 she has been directing films. One of the most well-known Bengali actresses was [[Sharmila Tagore]], who debuted in Ray's ''The World of Apu'', and became a major actress in Bengali cinema as well as Bollywood. Despite Suchitra Sen being the greatest actress, Sharmila was the most commercially successful actress in history with films like ''The World of Apu'' (1959), ''Devi'' (1960), ''Nayak'' (1966), ''Simabaddha'' (1967), and ''Aranyer Dinratri'' (1970).{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

[[Utpal Dutt]] is internationally known for his acting in movies and plays, especially Shakespearean plays. [[Bhanu Bandopadhyay]], [[Rabi Ghosh]], and [[Anup Kumar (actor)|Anup Kumar]] were best known for their comic timing, and with their versatile acting talent they stunned the audience and critics.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

The pioneers in Bengali film music include [[Raichand Boral]], [[Pankaj Mullick]], and [[K. C. Dey]], all associated with [[New Theatres Calcutta]]. The greatest composers of the golden era included [[Robin Chatterjee]], [[Sudhin Dasgupta]], [[Nachiketa Ghosh]], [[Hemant Kumar]], etc. [[Tarun Majumdar]] is well known for First time educational, cultural, and philosophical cinematic experiences for both a mass audience and a class audience, He abolished the division in taste between mass and class audiences. Majumdar is best known for such Evergreen films as ''[[Shriman Prithviraj]]'', ''[[Ganadevata (film)|Ganadevata]]'', ''Sansar Simante'' and ''[[Alo (film)|Alo]]'' and Many more.<ref name=tripod>{{cite web|url=http://members.tripod.com/oldies_club/new_theatres_calcutta.htm|title=NEW THEATRES CALCUTTA|access-date=16 September 2008|archive-date=20 August 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820190948/http://members.tripod.com/oldies_club/new_theatres_calcutta.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Modern revival: 1982–2007 ===
[[File:Nandan - Kolkata 2011-01-09 0153.JPG|thumb|West Bengal Film Center in [[Kolkata]]]]
The revival in Bengali cinema dates from the rise of directors such as [[Anjan Choudhury]], [[Haranath Chakraborty]], [[Aparna Sen]], [[Anjan Dutt]], [[Goutam Ghosh]], along with [[Rituparno Ghosh]], [[Sandip Ray]], [[Prabhat Roy]], [[Sudeshna Roy]], [[Buddhadeb Dasgupta]], [[Anjan Das]], [[Bappaditya Bandopadhyay]], [[Sekhar Das]], and [[Subrata Sen]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gooptu |first1=Sharmistha |date=23 February 2014 |title=Mapping Bengal's cinema history |url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2014/sunday-edition/mapping-bengals-cinema-history.html |work=The Pioneer |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref> Rituparno Ghosh made his first film, ''[[Hirer Angti]]'', in 1992 and dominated Bengali cinema until his death in 2013, winning numerous national awards for films like ''[[Unishe April]]'', ''[[Dahan (1997 film)|Dahan]]'' and ''[[Utsab]]''. Aparna Sen made her directorial debut in 1981 with the internationally lauded ''[[36 Chowringhee Lane]]'', which looked at the lives of Anglo-Indians living in Calcutta. Her later films have also been celebrated: ''[[Paromitar Ek Din]]'', ''[[The Japanese Wife]]'', ''[[Goynar Baksho]]''.

Buddhadeb Dasgupta is best known for award-winning films like ''[[Uttara (film)|Uttara]]'', ''[[Mondo Meyer Upakhyan]]'', ''[[Charachar]]'', and ''[[Janala]]''. [[Goutam Ghose]] is Internationally Acclaimed for Cult Classic films as [[Antarjali Jatra]], [[Padma Nadir Majhi]], [[Moner Manush]] and many more.
[[Prabhat Ray]] is popular for Romantic Family drama for [[Lathi (1996 film)|Lathi]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Noted Bengali film director Tarun Majumdar passes away in Kolkata |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/kolkata-news/noted-bengali-film-director-tarun-majumdar-passes-away-in-kolkata-101656918293271.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=4 July 2022 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Biswas |first1=Premankur |date=4 August 2019 |title=The master of weepy blockbusters with melodramatic battles over fish |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/express-sunday-eye/kitchen-confidential-9-5869931/ |work=The Indian Express |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> Actresses including [[Moon Moon Sen]], [[Konkona Sen Sharma]], [[Laboni Sarkar]], [[Satabdi Roy]], [[Rituparna Sengupta]], [[Chumki Chowdhury]], [[Rachna Banerjee]] and [[Srabanti Chatterjee]] were popular and active in this period. Actors such as [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Victor Banerjee]], [[Chiranjeet Chakraborty]], [[Ranjit Mallick]], [[Tapas Paul]] and [[Ferdous Ahmed]] are considered superstars in this era.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghosh |first1=Ananya |date=4 May 2023 |title=Prosenjit Chatterjee: The Star And The Debutant |url=https://www.mansworldindia.com/lifestyle/entertainment/prosenjit-chatterjee-the-star-and-the-debutant |work=Man's World |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Jha |first1=Subhash K. |date=15 October 2023 |title=EXCLUSIVE! Happy Birthday Victor Banerjee, The Only Indian Actor Who Has Worked With Ray, Lean, Benegal, Ghai and RGV |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/bollywood/exclusive-happy-birthday-victor-banerjee-the-only-indian-actor-who-has-worked-with-ray-lean-benegal-ghai-and-rgv-article-104443058 |work=Times Now |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Actor-Politician Tapas Pal Dies Of Cardiac Arrest At 61 |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/actor-politician-tapas-pal-dies-of-cardiac-arrest-at-61-2181694 |work=NDTV |agency=PTI |date=18 February 2020 |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ramdev |first1=Raag Mathur |date=24 March 2022 |title=Bengali Actor Abhishek Chatterjee Dies At The Age Of 58 |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/abhishek-chatterjee-renowned-bengali-actor-dies-at-the-age-of-58-2840106 |work=NDTV |agency=PTI |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The Dev-Jeet jodi |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/the-dev-jeet-jodi/cid/472247 |work=The Telegraph |date=4 October 2010 |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Will Dev and Jeet share screen space in an upcoming film? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/will-dev-and-jeet-share-screen-space-in-an-upcoming-film/articleshow/63011228.cms |work=The Times of India |date=21 February 2018 |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref>

=== Modern era: 2008– Present ===

Many work in the domestic film industry, while others have gone to work in Bollywood.<ref name="Look East policy"/> Successful films by directors from this generation include ''[[Asha Jaoar Majhe]]'', ''[[Tekka (film)|Tekka]]'', ''[[Korpur]]'', ''[[Alik Sukh]]'' ''[[Cholai (film)|Cholai]]'', ''[[Cockpit (2017 film)|Cockpit]]'', ''[[Aparajito (2022 film)|Aparajito]]'', ''[[Bhooter Bhabishyat]]'', ''[[Binodiini (film)|Binodiini]]'', ''[[Angshumaner Chhobi]]'', ''[[Bakita Byaktigato]]'', ''[[Pradhan (film)|Pradhan]]'', ''[[Fotema]]'', and ''[[Boomerang (2024 Bengali film)|Boomerang]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/kolkata-book-fair-concludes-graphic-books-the-new-rage-869896-2017-02-05 |title=Kolkata Book Fair concludes, graphic books the new rage |magazine=India Today |agency=PTI |date=5 February 2017 |access-date=25 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Halder |first1=Deep |title=Hinterland over South Kolkata drawing room—'Bohurupi' gives a hit formula to Bengali cinema |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/hinterland-over-south-kolkata-drawing-room-bohurupi-gives-hit-formula-to-bengali-cinema/2403595/ |access-date=16 December 2024 |work=[[ThePrint]] |date=15 December 2024}}</ref>

Detective films and family drama films have been the most popular and successful genre in this era. The success of detective films largely owes to the film adaptation of popular [[fictional character]]s like [[Kakababu]], [[Byomkesh]], [[Kiriti Roy]], [[Mitin Masi]], [[Ekenbabu]]
and [[Tenida]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chakravorty |first1=Vinayak |date=26 August 2023 |title=Byomkesh Bakshi down the years: Mahanayak Uttam Kumar to new-age superstar Dev |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/byomkesh-bakshi-down-the-years-mahanayak-uttam-kumar-to-new-age-superstar-dev-13041372.html |work=Firstpost |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Das |first1=Tina |date=17 June 2023 |title=Bengali cinema has an addiction problem—Now, Byomkesh, Feluda detective-verse about to expand |url=https://theprint.in/ground-reports/bengali-cinema-has-an-addiction-problem-now-byomkesh-feluda-detective-verse-about-to-expand/1629606/ |work=ThePrint |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref>

Successful Bengali films are getting Hindi remakes in Bollywood, Marathi remakes and Malayalam remakes (''[[Gang of Ghosts]]'', ''[[Salt Mango Tree]]'', ''[[Welcome Zindagi]]'', ''[[Ravanasura]]'', ''[[Jalebi (film)|Jalebi]]'', ''[[Begum Jaan (2017 film)|Begum Jaan]]'', ''[[Cirkus (film)]]'', ''[[Meri Awas Suno]]'', ''[[Shastry Viruddh Shastry]]'').<ref name="Look East policy">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/look-east-policy/cid/1314831|title=Look East policy|website=www.telegraphindia.com|access-date=22 January 2020|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728145939/https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/look-east-policy/cid/1314831|url-status=live}}</ref> Also, Bengali films have in the recent times have turned the cinematic spotlight on Kolkata, introducing the city to a wider national and global audience (''[[Kahaani]]'', ''[[Piku]]'', ''[[Detective Byomkesh Bakshy!]]''). After the digital film era, Bengali directors who have found artistic and commercial success in contemporary Bengali films include: [[Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury]], [[Aniket Chattopadhyay]], [[Anjan Dutta]], [[Raj Chakraborty]], [[Mainak Bhowmick]], [[Srijit Mukherjee]], [[Nandita Roy]] and [[Shiboprosad Mukherjee]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sarkar |first1=Susanti |title=From classical to contemporary: Leading modern Bengali film directors |url=https://mediaindia.eu/cinema/from-classical-to-contemporary-leading-modern-bengali-film-directors/ |work=Media India Group |date=18 September 2021 |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="TOI_Dec2019">{{cite news |title=Pritha Chakraborty to Srijit Mukherji: Here are the Best Bengali Film Directors of 2019 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/pritha-chakraborty-to-srijit-mukherji-here-are-the-best-bengali-film-directors-of-2019/photostory/73045311.cms |work=The Times of India |date=31 December 2019 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>

During this period, actors such as [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Sabyasachi Chakrabarty]], [[Jishu Sengupta]], [[Soham Chakraborty]], [[Parambrata Chatterjee]], [[Anjan Dutt]] rose to popularity.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Das |first1=Tina |date=29 July 2023 |title=Parambrata Chatterjee is a 'man written by a woman'. He is Bengali cinema's Irrfan Khan |url=https://theprint.in/ground-reports/parambrata-chatterjee-is-a-man-written-by-a-woman-he-is-bengali-cinemas-irrfan-khan/1691119/ |work=ThePrint |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Birthday boy Jisshu Sengupta's crackling chemistry with 3 Bengali actresses |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/birthday-boy-jisshu-senguptas-crackling-chemistry-with-3-bengali-actresses/cid/2007135 |work=The Telegraph |date=15 March 2024 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Saswata Chatterjee |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/photo-features/actors-who-changed-the-face-of-21st-century-bengali-cinema/saswata-chatterjee/photostory/63715359.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> Later, [[Dev (Bengali actor)|Dev]], [[Jeet (actor)|Jeet]], [[Abir Chatterjee]], [[Ankush Hazra]], [[Anirban Bhattacharya]], [[Jeetu Kamal]], [[Riddhi Sen]] have gained popularity and have been active.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bose |first1=Priyanka |date=10 March 2022 |title=একমঞ্চে দেব-জিৎ! এই অভিনেত্রীর জন্যই মঞ্চ ভাগ করে নিলেন দুই টলি সুপারস্টার |url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/dev-and-jeet-on-one-stage-two-tollywood-superstars-shared-the-stage-for-this-actress-31646912011374.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310143412/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/dev-and-jeet-on-one-stage-two-tollywood-superstars-shared-the-stage-for-this-actress-31646912011374.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 March 2022 |work=Hindustan Times |language=bn |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dev, Saswata, Prosenjit: 5 actors who changed Bengali cinema |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/dev-saswata-prosenjit-5-actors-changed-bengali-cinema-1502567857.html |work=The Statesman |date=19 January 2018 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Acharya |first1=Anindita |date=8 October 2023 |title=Stakes are higher: Abir Chatterjee |url=https://www.millenniumpost.in/features/stakes-are-higher-abir-chatterjee-535908 |work=Millennium Post |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghosh |first1=Sankhayan |date=6 January 2022 |title=All Eyes On Anirban Bhattacharya |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/anirban-bhattacharya-interview-mandaar-bengali-series-hoichoi-all-eyes-on |work=Film Companion |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> Among them [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Tapas Paul]], [[Dev (Bengali actor)|Dev]] and [[Jeet (actor)|Jeet]], [[Abir Chatterjee]] and [[Ankush Hazra]] have gained immense popularity and are considered as the superstars of 21st Century.<ref>{{cite news |title=Forty years of Prosenjit Chatterjee |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1047143/forty-years-of-prosenjit-chatterjee-the-superstar-on-his-15-best-roles}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dev's 18 years in Tollywood টলিউডে ১৮টি বসন্ত পার, 'প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক' হলেন অভিনেতা, দর্শকের জন্য বিশেষ উপহার দেবের |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/entertainment/bengali-actor-dev-completed-18-years-in-tollywood-and-shares-his-gratitude-dgtl/cid/1492003 |work=ABP |date=28 January 2024 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bhanja |first1=Sandipta |date=14 June 2023 |title='সাথী'র বিজয় থেকে টলিউডের 'বস'! ইন্ডাস্ট্রিতে ২১ বছর কাটিয়ে আবেগঘন জিৎ |url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/entertainment/cinema/superstar-jeet-completed-21-years-in-tollywood-pens-beautiful-note-for-fans/ |work=Sangbad Pratidin |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> Actresses such as [[Koel Mallick]], [[Srabanti Chatterjee]], [[Subhashree Ganguly]], [[Mimi Chakraborty]], [[Nusrat Jahan]], [[Payel Sarkar]], [[Rituparna Sengupta]], [[Puja Banerjee]], [[Sayantika Banerjee]], [[Priyanka Sarkar]], [[Sreelekha Mitra]], [[Raima Sen]], [[Konkona Sen Sharma]], [[Ananya Chatterjee]], [[Gargi Roychowdhury]], [[Aparajita Ghosh Das]], [[Rimjhim Mitra]] and later, [[Idhika Paul]], [[Ishaa Saha]], [[Subhashree Ganguly]], [[Susmita Chatterjee]], [[Koushani Mukherjee]], [[Mimi Chakraborty]], [[Madhumita Sarcar]], [[Nusrat Jahan]], [[Ritabhari Chakraborty]], [[Rittika Sen]], [[Sohini Sarkar]], [[Jaya Ahsan]], [[Sauraseni Maitra]], [[Angana Roy (Bengali actress)|Angana Roy]] and [[Tuhina Das]] have been active.<ref>{{cite news |title=Here are the 7 most beautiful Bengali actresses to date, check them out |url=https://newsable.asianetnews.com/entertainment/here-are-the-7-most-beautiful-bengali-actresses-to-date-check-them-out-msw-rujrmm |work=Asianet News |date=12 May 2023 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Most popular Bengali actresses on social media |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/web-stories/most-popular-bengali-actresses-on-social-media/photostory/81965237.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>

In the recent years, a younger generation of visual directors has come to the scene, like [[Avijit Sen]], [[Sayantan Ghosal]], [[Kamaleshwar Mukherjee]] along with [[Subhrajit Mitra]], [[Suman Ghosh (director)|Suman Ghosh]], [[Sujit Mondal]], [[Tathagata Mukherjee]], [[Ranjan Ghosh]], and Atiul Islam.

Art house filmmakers like [[Indrasis Acharya]], [[Aditya Vikram Sengupta]], and [[Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury]].<ref name="TOI_Dec2019"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Dasgupta |first1=Priyanka |date=2 February 2024 |title=With 21 trophies, Bengal directors all-out champs in National Awards since 1967 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/bengal-directors-dominate-national-awards-with-21-trophies/articleshow/107340048.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>
21st century Bengali Superstars are [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Dev (Bengali actor)|Dev]] and [[Jeet (actor)|Jeet]], [[Abir Chatterjee]], [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Jisshu Sengupta]].

==Budgets==
Many of the most critically acclaimed Bengali films were [[low-budget film]]s, including Mrinal Sen's famous ''[[Calcutta 71|Calcutta Trilogy]]'' (1971-1973), and Satyajit Ray's ''[[The Apu Trilogy]]'' (1955–1959). The first film in the trilogy, ''[[Pather Panchali (film)|Pather Panchali]]'' (1955), was produced on a shoestring budget<ref>{{Cite book|last1 = Robinson|given1 = A|year = 2003|title = Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye: The Biography of a Master Film-Maker|publisher = I. B. Tauris|isbn = 1-86064-965-3|page=77}}</ref> of Rs. 150,000 ($32000)<ref>{{cite web|title=50 years of Pather Panchali|author=Pradip Biswas|work=[[Screen (magazine)|Screen Weekly]]|date=16 September 2005|url=http://www.screenindia.com/old/archive/archive_fullstory.php?content_id=11150|access-date=23 April 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602000402/http://www.screenindia.com/old/archive/archive_fullstory.php?content_id=11150|archive-date=2 June 2009}}</ref> using an amateur cast and crew.<ref>{{Cite book|last1 = Robinson|given1 = A|year = 2003|title = Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye: The Biography of a Master Film-Maker|publisher = I. B. Tauris|isbn = 1-86064-965-3|pages=78–9}}</ref> All his other films that followed also had low budgets, with his most expensive films since the 60's being ''[[Saptapadi (1961 film)|Saptapadi]]'' by [[Ajoy Kar|Kar]], ''[[Jhinder Bondi]]'' (1961) by [[Tapan Sinha|Sinha]], ''[[Saat Pake Bandha]]'' by [[Ajoy Kar|Kar]],
''[[Goopy Gyne Bagha Byne|The Adventures of Goopy And Bagha]]'' (1968) at Rs. 600,000 ($80,000)<ref>{{cite web|title=THE UNIVERSITY CALLED SATYAJIT RAY|author=Mohammed Wajihuddin|publisher=Express India|date=7 September 2004|url=http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=98548|access-date=1 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041014033023/http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=98548|archive-date=14 October 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref> and ''[[Shatranj Ke Khilari]]'' (1977) at Rs. 6 million ($230,000).<ref>{{cite web|title=Shatranj Ke Khilari (The Chess Players)|publisher=Satyajit Ray official site|url=http://www.satyajitray.org/films/shatran.htm|access-date=24 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026200942/http://satyajitray.org/films/shatran.htm|archive-date=26 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

''[[Bombaiyer Bombete (film)|Bombaiyer Bombete]]'', produced by [[Ramoji Film City|Ramoji Films]] at a cost of Rs 8 million, recovered its costs within three weeks and earned 20 million in all. The movie has brought back the concept of family entertainment with Sandip Ray's gambit of contemporising the plot paying him a rich dividend. Admitting that he did not expect this success, he told Life that he was now lining up another such film for release next year. Earlier, a film by award-winning director [[Buddhadeb Dasgupta]]'s Mondo Meyer Upakhyan (The Tale of a Fallen Girl) produced by Arjoe Entertainments netted nearly Rs 7  million through the sale of overseas rights against a cost of Rs 0.6  million. [[Haranath Chakraborty]] His film [[Sathi (2002 film)|Sathi]] (Companion) created a record by recouping over five times its production cost, although the film [[Chokher Bali (2003 film)|Chokher Bali]], with big names like [[Aishwarya Rai Bachchan]], Rituparno Ghosh and Tagore, failed to yield expected results. The movie, billed at Rs 16.5 million (the highest among Bengali films).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/life/2004/04/05/stories/2004040500100200.htm |title=Business Line : Features / Life News |publisher=The Hindu Business Line |access-date=24 October 2012 |archive-date=19 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219035944/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/life/2004/04/05/stories/2004040500100200.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] houses like [[Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group|Columbia TriStar]] have made their debut in distributing Bengali movies. According to industry experts, several issues need to be addressed to build on this resurgence and consolidate it. These include inadequate infrastructure, which often compels moviemakers to go outside the State for facilities pushing up costs, poor marketing and distribution, and increasing competition from [[Cinema of Bangladesh|Bangladeshi films]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/11/04/stories/2003110401500200.htm |title=Saregama to restrict film budget |publisher=The Hindu Business Line |date=4 November 2003 |access-date=24 October 2012 |archive-date=29 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929094443/http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/11/04/stories/2003110401500200.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=333086 |title=Bengal movie industry set for revival |publisher=Business-standard.com |date=1 September 2008 |access-date=24 October 2012 |archive-date=18 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218223144/http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=333086 }}</ref>

==Rankings==
A number of Satyajit Ray films appeared in the ''[[Sight & Sound]]'' Critics' Poll of [[Films considered the greatest ever|all-time greatest films]], including ''[[The Apu Trilogy]]'' (ranked No. 4 in 1992 if votes are combined),<ref name=Caldwell>{{cite web|author=Aaron and Mark Caldwell|title=Sight and Sound|publisher=Top 100 Movie Lists|year=2004|url=http://www.geocities.com/aaronbcaldwell/dimsscri.html|access-date=19 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090729180509/http://geocities.com/aaronbcaldwell/dimsscri.html|archive-date=29 July 2009}}</ref> ''[[Jalsaghar|The Music Room]]'' (ranked No. 27 in 1992), ''[[Charulata]]'' (ranked No. 41 in 1992)<ref name="SS-1992-ranking">{{cite web|title=SIGHT AND SOUND 1992 RANKING OF FILMS|url=http://www.geocities.com/the7thart/ranking.html|access-date=29 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022115725/http://geocities.com/the7thart/ranking.html|archive-date=22 October 2009}}</ref> and ''[[Aranyer Din Ratri|Days and Nights in the Forest]]'' (ranked No. 81 in 1982).<ref name="SS-1982-ranking">{{cite web|title=SIGHT AND SOUND 1982 RANKING OF FILMS|url=http://www.geocities.com/the7thart/1982.html|access-date=29 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022225459/http://geocities.com/the7thart/1982.html|archive-date=22 October 2009}}</ref> The 2002 ''Sight & Sound'' critics' and directors' poll also included the Ritwik Ghatak films ''[[Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960 film)|Meghe Dhaka Tara]]'' (ranked #231) and ''Komal Gandhar'' (ranked #346).<ref name=Cinemacom>{{cite web|title=2002 Sight & Sound Top Films Survey of 253 International Critics & Film Directors|publisher=Cinemacom|year=2002|url=http://www.cinemacom.com/2002-sight-sound.html|access-date=19 April 2009|archive-date=4 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604162906/http://www.cinemacom.com/2002-sight-sound.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1998, the critics' poll conducted by the [[Asian cinema|Asian film]] magazine ''[[Cinemaya]]'' included ''The Apu Trilogy'' (ranked No. 1 if votes are combined), Ray's ''[[Charulata]]'' and ''[[Jalsaghar|The Music Room]]'' (both tied at #11), and Ghatak's ''[[Subarnarekha (film)|Subarnarekha]]'' (also tied at #11).<ref name=Totaro>{{Cite journal|title=The "Sight & Sound" of Canons|first=Donato|last=Totaro|journal=Offscreen Journal|publisher=[[Canada Council|Canada Council for the Arts]]|date=31 January 2003|url=https://offscreen.com/view/sight_sound?/new_offscreen/canon.html|access-date=19 April 2009|archive-date=5 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905112318/http://www.horschamp.qc.ca/new_offscreen/canon.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1999, ''[[The Village Voice]]'' top 250 "Best Film of the Century" critics' poll also included ''The Apu Trilogy'' (ranked No. 5 if votes are combined).<ref name=villagevoice/> In 2005, ''The Apu Trilogy'' was also included in [[Time's All-Time 100 Movies|''Time''{{'s}} All-Time 100 Movies]] list.<ref name=Time/> In 1992, the ''Sight & Sound'' Critics' Poll ranked Ray at No. 7 in its list of "Top 10 Directors" of all time,<ref>{{cite web|title=Sight and Sound Poll 1992: Critics |publisher=[[California Institute of Technology]] |url=http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/sight/1992_1.html |access-date=29 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016212355/http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/sight/1992_1.html |archive-date=16 October 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://geocities.com/the7thart/ranking.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022115725/http://geocities.com/the7thart/ranking.html|title=Ranking 1982|archive-date=22 October 2009}}</ref> and ''[[Aranyer Din Ratri|Days and Nights in the Forest]]'' (ranked No. 81 in 1982).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4513373.stm|publisher=BBC News|title=Film Festival Guide|date=10 May 2005 |access-date=5 March 2014|archive-date=4 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304164540/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4513373.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>

===National Board of Review (USA)===
*National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film: [[Satyajit Ray]] (1958- [[Pather Panchali]] & 1960- [[The World of Apu]])<ref>[[National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film]]</ref>

===The Annual Academy Awards (Oscars)===
*Academy Honorary Award: [[Satyajit Ray]] (1992- "In recognition of his rare mastery of the art of motion pictures, and of his profound humanitarian outlook, which has had an indelible influence on filmmakers and audiences throughout the world.")<ref>[[Academy Honorary Award]]</ref>

==National Award==
{{Main|National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali}}
The National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali is one of the [[National Film Awards]] presented annually by the [[Directorate of Film Festivals]], the organisation set up by [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India]]. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The [[National Film Awards]], established in 1954, are the most prominent film awards in India that merit the best of the [[Indian cinema]]. The ceremony also presents awards for films in various [[Languages of India|regional languages]].

==Regional awards==
* [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards]] - The oldest Association of Film critics in India, founded in 1937, by the inspiration and determination of the handful of pioneers amongst the then thin section of scribes that were drawn to film journalism with a lofty mission to serve the developing film journalism and film industry.
* [[Filmfare Awards Bangla]] - Annual Awards presented by the [[Filmfare]] magazine of [[The Times Group]] to honour the cinematic excellence in Bengali Cinema
* [[Films and Frames Digital Film Awards]] - Annual Awards presented by the Films and Frames group to honour the cinematic excellence in Bengali Cinema
* [[Anandalok Awards]] - Ceremony is one of the most prominent film events given for Bengali cinema in India
* Bengali Film and Television Awards - Annual Awards presented by the Redwine Entertainment group to honour the cinematic excellence in Bengali Cinema and OTT
* [[Filmfare Awards East]] - Used to honour cinematic excellence in Bengali, Assamese and Odia film industry. Discontinued after 2014.

==Cinema-related organisations==
*[[Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute]], Department of Film direction and Screenplay, Editing, Cinematography, Sound Recording and Design, [[Baghajatin]], South 24 Parganas, West Bengal.
*[[Jadavpur University]], Department of Film studies, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal.
*[[Institute of Mass Communication Film and Television Studies]], Tollygung, Kolkata, West Bengal.

==See also==
* [[List of Indian Bengali films|Lists of Bengali films]]
* [[List of highest-grossing Indian Bengali films|List of highest-grossing Bengali films]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Notes==
{{refbegin|40em}}
*Aamar Ami(Bengali)-[[Uttam Kumar Chattopadhyay]]—''Dey's Publishing'', Calcutta,1980
*Aamar Jug Aamar Gaan(Bengali)—[[Pankaj Kumar Mullick]]—Firma KLM Pvt Ltd., Calcutta 1980
*Chalacchitrer Antormahol by Chakraborty Piyali, Banerjee Santanu, Publisher=Suhrid Publication, 1st ed. (2013); ISBN No.: 978-81-92151-97-7
*Banala Bhashay Chalachchdra Charcha(Bengali)-Ehfi Tathya, aanji Opanhr r Bha charyr CharK Goswami, Tapas Paul—North Calcutta Film Society, Calcutta, 1995
*Bangla Chalachchdra Shilper llihas (1897–1947)(Bengali)—Kalish Mukhapadhyay—Poop I lancha Prahashi
*Bangla Chalachchdrer llihas (1st Part)(Bengali)-Pranab Kumar Biswas Samakal Prakashani, Calcul
*Bangla Sahhya O Bangla Chalachchitra (1st Part)(Bengali)-Jishh Kumar Mukhapadhyay—Ananda~ha
*Banglar Chalachchitrakar—Nisht Kumar Mukhopadhyay—Slanda Pu ishrs, Calcr
*Banglar Nat-Nati—Sudhir Basu—Calcutta, 1933
* Cniirabani Chitr barshihi ^119520ed. 60ur Chattopadhyay & Sunil Gar~adhya~Ch^ar$b
*Cinema anr I—Ri ih Kumar Ghatah— h
*''Rhrw Memorial Trust'', Calcu^na, 1987
*Filrnography of Sixty En inentlndian Movie Makers—Ft I Ra M
*Nirbah Juger Chhayaloher Katha—Premanhur at rth —~ kudta
*Sonar Daag—60uranga Prasad Ghosh~oc^frnaya Prakashani, Calculla, 1982
*[[Bengali Film Directory]]– ed. by Ansu Sur, Nandan, Calcutta, 1999
*''70 years of Indian Cinema'', ed. by T.N. Ramachandran, Cinemaa India International, Bombay, 1985
*''A Pictorial History of Indian Cinema'', Firoj Rangogoonwalla, The Hamlyn Publishing Group, London, 1979
*''Cinematography to Videography: Aesthetics and Technology'' by Chakraborty Piyali, Banerjee Santanu, Published by Kalyani Foundation, 1st ed. (2013); ISBN No.: 978-81-927505-3-8
*''Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema'' – Ashish Rajadhyaksha, Paul Willemen, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1994
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Cinema of West Bengal}}
{{Cinema of India}}
{{World cinema}}
{{West Bengal}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cinema of West Bengal}}
[[Category:Cinema of West Bengal| ]]
[[Category:Culture of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Cinema of Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian film industries]]

Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board

2026-04-26T20:10:52Z

Ilushiklom: Adding details.

{{Short description|Government agency}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board
| full_name = मध्य प्रदेश कर्मचारी चयन मंडल
| abbreviation = MPESB
| image = Employees Selection Board.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board
| mapframe = Yes
| predecessor = Vyapam and Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board
| successor = Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board
| formation = 1970
| founder = [[Government of Madhya Pradesh]]
| founding_location = [[Bhopal]] [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| type = Employees Selection Board
| headquarters = [[Bhopal]], [[Madhya Pradesh|MP]], [[India]]
| status = Employees Recruitment
| location = [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[India]]
| language = [[Hindi]], [[English language|English]]
| owner = [[Government of Madhya Pradesh]]
| leader_title = Chairman
| leader_name = Shri Malay Shrivastava [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]
| key_people = Shanmuga Priya Mishra IAS, Director
| parent_organization = [[Government of Madhya Pradesh]]
| website = [https://esb.mp.gov.in]
| former_name = [[Vyapam]] and Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board
}}
The '''Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board''' (MPESB), previously the '''Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board''' and commonly known as '''Vyapam''' (an abbreviation of its Hindi name Madhya Pradesh ''Vyavsayik Pariksha Mandal''), is a government agency of [[Madhya Pradesh]], India. It conducts various tests for admission to professional courses and streams. It is the largest examination conducting body of Madhya Pradesh government and comes directly under the Directorate of Technical Education (Government of Madhya Pradesh). The Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board is a self-financed, autonomous incorporated body of State Govt. The Government has re-constituted the Board of Directors for taking decisions on policy and organizational matters through Madhya Pradesh Employees Selection Board Act 2020.

The agency made national news for the [[Vyapam scam]], a massive admission and recruitment scam involving politicians, senior officials and businessmen. After the scam was unearthed, 2,000 people were arrested, including the state's former education minister, Laxmikant Sharma, and Vyapam exam controller Pankaj Trivedi.<ref>{{Cite news|work=NDTV|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/madhya-pradesh-exam-scam-supreme-court-gives-4-month-extension-to-conclude-investigation-748915|title=Madhya Pradesh Exam Scam: Supreme Court Gives 4 Month Extension To Conclude Investigation}}</ref>

==History==
===Early history===
The Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board was initially established as the Pre Medical Test Board in 1970. In 1981, the Pre Engineering Board was constituted, and the agencies were merged by order on 17 April 1982 into the Professional Examination Board, which was assigned the responsibility of conducting entrance tests for admission to various colleges in the state.

===Vyapam scam===
{{main|Vyapam scam}}

In 2013, a major scheme to manipulate the results of examinations conducted by the Professional Examination Board was unearthed by state police. That July, [[Indore Police]] arrested 20 people who took the medical entrance examination on behalf of others. In 2015, the case was transferred to the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]], which accused 3,500 people in 154 proceedings.{{r|HT220218}}

===Renaming===
In 2022, the agency was renamed the Employees Selection Board (Hindi: Karamchari Chayan Board) and moved under the responsibility of the state's General Administration Department. The change in name had been pending since 2015.<ref name="HT220218">{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/vyapam-renamed-as-karamchari-chayan-board-101645180206918.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=18 February 2022|title=Vyapam renamed as Karamchari Chayan Board|access-date=20 July 2023}}</ref>

==Examinations conducted==

The Employees Selection Board conducts the following examinations:<ref>{{cite web | url=http://peb.mp.gov.in/e_default.html | title=Home Page }}</ref>

* Pre-Polytechnic Test
* Pre-Architecture Test
* Pre-Agriculture Test
* Pre-P.G. Entrance Test
* Pre-M.C.A. Entrance Test
* Management Entrance Test
* Pre-General Nursing Talent Search Test
* B.A., L.L.B. (Hons) Entrance Test
* Pre-BEd Examination
* MPSLET Test
* Police Recruitment Test
* Typing paper Hindi
* Accountant
* Auditor
* General Nursing Training Selection Test (GNTST)
* Pre Nursing Selection test (PNST)
* Pre-veterinary and Fisheries Test (PV & FT)
* Forest Guard

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://mptechedu.org/ Directorate of Technical Education (Government of Madhya Pradesh)]

[[Category:Education in Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:School boards in India]]
[[Category:Standardised tests in India]]
[[Category:Engineering education in India]]
[[Category:State agencies of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Corruption in Madhya Pradesh]]

Harish Tandon

2026-04-23T05:23:47Z

Ilushiklom: made new info first draft

{{Short description|35th Chief Justice of Orissa High Court}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Harish Tandon
| office = [[List of former chief justices of the high courts of India#Orissa High Court|35th Chief Justice]] of [[Orissa High Court]]
| term_start = 26 March 2025
| term_end =
| appointer = [[Droupadi Murmu]]
| nominator = [[Sanjiv Khanna]]
| office1 = [[Judge]] of [[Calcutta High Court]]
| term_start1 = 13 April 2010
| term_end1 = 25 March 2025
| appointer1 = [[Pratibha Patil]]
| nominator1 = [[K. G. Balakrishnan]]
| appointer2 =
| office3 =
| term_start2 =
| term_end2 =
| term_start3 =
| term_end3 =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1964|11|16|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| alma_mater = [[Calcutta University]]
| appointer3 =
| nominator3 =
| successor2 =
| nominator2 =
| predecessor = [[Chakradhari Sharan Singh|C. S. Singh]] [[Arindam Sinha]] (acting)
| honorific_prefix = Hon'ble Chief Justice
| image = Justice Harish Tandon.jpg
}}
'''Harish Tandon''' (born 16 November 1964) is an Indian judge, presently serving as [[Chief Justice]] of the [[Orissa High Court]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bench |first=Bar & |date=2025-03-21 |title=Centre clears appointment of Justice Harish Tandon as Orissa High Court Chief Justice |url=https://www.barandbench.com/news/centre-clears-appointment-of-justice-harish-tandon-as-orissa-high-court-chief-justice |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=Bar and Bench - Indian Legal news |language=en}}</ref> He is a former judge of the [[Calcutta High Court]].

== Profession and education ==
Tandon was born on November 16, 1964 and graduated from the University of Calcutta in 1983. He completed his LL.B. from the same university in 1989. On September 26, 1989, he enrolled as an advocate and began practicing law. During his legal career, he primarily handled civil and appellate matters, practicing in the Calcutta High Court, city civil courts of Calcutta, tribunals and the Supreme Court of India. On April 13, 2020, he was appointed as a permanent judge of the Calcutta High Court.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Calcutta High Court - Judges |url=https://www.calcuttahighcourt.gov.in/Judges/CJ-and-Judges |access-date=2025-03-07 |website=www.calcuttahighcourt.gov.in}}</ref>

Following the retirement of Justice [[Chakradhari Sharan Singh]], his name was recommended for the position of Chief Justice of the Orissa High Court.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-03-07 |title=Justice Harish Tandon likely to become Orissa CJ |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/justice-harish-tandon-likely-to-become-orissa-cj/articleshow/118768410.cms |access-date=2025-03-07 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name="cdnbbsr">{{cite web |title=Statement |url=https://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s3ec0490f1f4972d133619a60c30f3559e/uploads/2025/03/2025030674.pdf |website=cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in |accessdate=7 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Halim |first=Shaikh |date=2025-03-06 |title=ସୁପ୍ରିମକୋର୍ଟ କଲେଜିୟମ ଜଷ୍ଟିସ ହରିଶ ଟଣ୍ଡନଙ୍କ ନାମ ସୁପାରିଶ କରିଥିଲେ... |url=https://sambad.in/state/justice-harish-tandon-is-the-new-chief-justice-of-odisha-high-court-8828955 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=Sambad |language=or}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Network |first=Post News |date=2025-03-06 |title=Know all about Justice Harish Tandon, SC Collegium's pick for chief justice of Orissa High Court - OrissaPOST |url=https://www.orissapost.com/know-all-about-justice-harish-tandon-sc-collegiums-pick-for-chief-justice-of-orissa-high-court/ |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=Odisha News, Odisha Latest news, Odisha Daily - OrissaPOST |language=en-US}}</ref> Justice Tandon took oath as the 35th Chief Justice of [[Orissa High Court]] on 26 March 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-26 |title=Justice Harish Tandon sworn in as Chief Justice of Orissa High court |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/justice-harish-tandon-sworn-in-as-chief-justice-of-orissa-high-court-9906721/ |access-date=2025-03-26 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tandon, Harish}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1964 births]]

{{India-law-bio-stub}}

Satyendranath Basu

2026-04-19T20:24:32Z

Ilushiklom: redirect created

#REDIRECT [[Satyendranath Bosu]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

Champhai North Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:25:01Z

Ilushiklom: Created

{{Short description|Constituency of the Mizoram legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Champhai North
| type = SLA
| map_image = Legislative Assembly constituencies of Mizoram (Champhai North highlighted).png
| state = [[Mizoram]]
| district = [[Champhai district|Champhai]]
| established = 2008
| constituency_no = 23
| loksabha_cons = [[Mizoram Lok Sabha constituency|Mizoram]]
| reservation = ST
| mla = [[H. Ginzalala|Er. H Ginzalala]]
| party = [[Zoram People's Movement]]
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| electors = {{formatnum:16858}}
}}
'''Champhai North''' is one of the 40 [[Mizoram Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Mizoram]] state in [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Assembly Elections December 2013 Results |work=ECI |publisher=Election Commission of India |url=http://eciresults.ap.nic.in |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215221429/http://eciresults.ap.nic.in/ |archivedate=2013-12-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=elections.in>{{cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/mizoram/assembly-constituencies|title=Mizoram Assembly Constituency List|publisher=www.elections.in}}</ref>

It is part of [[Champhai district]] and is reserved for candidates belonging to the [[Scheduled Tribes]].

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2008 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election|2008]]<ref name=election2008>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3666-mizoram-2008/ |title=Mizoram General Legislative Election 2008 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=6 January 2022}}</ref>
|rowspan=2| T. T. Zothansanga
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2013 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election|2013]]<ref name=election2013>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3667-mizoram-2013/ |title=Mizoram General Legislative Election 2013 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=6 January 2022}}</ref>
|-
|[[2018 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election|2018]]
| Z R Thiamsanga
|{{Full party name with color|Mizo National Front}}
|-
|[[2023 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
|[[H. Ginzalala|Er. H. Ginzalala]]<ref name=election2023/>
|{{Full party name with color|Zoram People's Movement}}
|}

==Election results==
===2023===
{{Election box begin | title= [[2023 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election]]: Champhai North<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/mizoram-legislative-election-2023-statistical-report |title=Mizoram Legislative Election 2023- Statistical Report |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=20 January 2024 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[H. Ginzalala]]|party=Zoram People's Movement|votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Dr. Z.R. Thiamsanga|party=Mizo National Front|votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P.S. Zatluanga|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Lalnunmawia|party=Indian National Congress|votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[None of the Above]]|party=None of the above|votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box majority|votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner =
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2018===
{{Election box begin | title= [[2018 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election]]: Champhai North<ref>{{cite web|title=Mizoram Legislative Election 2018- Statistical Report|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9687-mizoram-legislative-election-2018-statistical-report/|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|access-date=8 October 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = ZR Thiamsanga
|party = Mizo National Front
|votes = {{formatnum:}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]
|party = None of the above
|votes = {{formatnum:}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner =
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Mizoram}}

{{coord|23.479|93.311|display=title}}

[[Category:Champhai district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Mizoram]]
[[Category:Politics of Mizoram]]
[[Category:Champhai]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Mizoram]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]

Mahendrajeet Singh Malviya

2026-04-18T15:28:31Z

Ilushiklom: Adding new bio

{{Short description|Indian politician (born 2 December 1960)}}
{{BLP sources|date=May 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Mahendrajeet Singh Malviya
| image =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1960|12|2|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| office = [[Cabinet minister]] Water Resources
IGNP Water Resources Planning Department [[Government of Rajasthan]]
| term_start = 21 November 2021
| term_end = 15 December 2023
| predecessor = [[Vasundhara Raje Scindia]]
| successor = [[Bhajan Lal Sharma]]
| office1 = [[Minister of state]] of Panchayati Raj & Rural Development, Tribal Area Development, Public Grievance Redressal, Technical Education Department [[Government of Rajasthan]]
| term_start1 = December 2008
| term_end1 = December 2013
| predecessor1 =
| office2 = [[12th Lok Sabha|Member of 12th Lok Sabha]]
| term_start2 = 1998
| term_end2 = 1999
| constituency2 = [[Banswara Lok Sabha constituency|Banswara]]
| predecessor2 = [[Tarachand Bhagora]]
| successor2 = [[Tarachand Bhagora]]
| office3 = [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Member of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start3 = 2008
| term_end3 = 19 February 2024
| successor3 = [[Jaikrishn Patel]]
| constituency3 = [[Bagidora Assembly constituency|Bagidora]]
| predecessor3 = [[Jeetmal Khant]]
| spouse = Shreemati Resham Malviya
| father =
| mother =
| party = [[Indian National Congress]] (2026 - Present) (1998 - 2024)
| other_party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (2024 - 2026)
}}

'''Mahendrajeet singh Malviya''' (born 2 December 1960) is an Indian politician. He served as [[Cabinet Minister]] of Water Resources IGNP Water Resources Planning Department in the [[Government of Rajasthan]].<ref>{{cite news |date=22 November 2021 |title=Rajasthan CM allocates portfolios to ministers, retains home and finance |journal=Mint |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/rajasthan-cm-allocates-portfolios-to-ministers-retains-home-and-finance-11637584081590.html}}</ref> He formerly served as [[Member of Parliament#India|Member of Parliament]], [[12th Lok Sabha]] in [[Banswara Lok Sabha constituency]]. He has been a [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Member of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]] from [[Bagidora Assembly constituency]]. He was a member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{cite news |date=January 12, 2026|title=राजस्थान के पूर्व मंत्री महेंद्रजीत सिंह मालवीय ने छोड़ी भाजपा, भजनलाल सरकार पर निशाना|journal=Live Hindustan |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/rajasthan/mahendrajeet-singh-malviya-rajasthan-ex-minister-quits-bjp-govind-singh-dotasra-says-201768154055772.html}}</ref> Previously he was a member of CWC (Congress Working Committee). On 18 January 2026 he rejoined the [[Indian National Congress|Congress party]].<ref>{{cite news |date=January 13, 2026|title=कौन हैं महेंद्रजीत सिंह मालवीया, जिनका 2 साल में हुआ बीजेपी से मोहभंग |journal=Navbharat Times |url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/rajasthan/jaipur/mahendra-jeet-singh-malviya-quit-bhartiya-janta-party-join-congress-read-here-biography-of-this-leader/articleshow/126495061.cms}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Malvaiya, Mahendrajeet Singh}}
[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 2008–2013]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 2013–2018]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 2018–2023]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 2023–2028]]

{{Rajasthan-BJP-politician-stub}}

Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles

2026-04-17T10:41:51Z

Ilushiklom: started a details

{{Short description|Indian automobile manufacturer}}
{{About|the car manufacturer|the commercial vehicle company which was demerged in 2025|Tata Motors}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Limited
| logo = Tata Motors Logo.svg
| former_name = {{ubl
| Tata Engineering & Locomotive Co. (TELCO) (1945-1962)
| Tata Motors Limited (1962–2025)
}}
| industry = [[Automotive industry|Automotive]]
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{ubl
|{{NSE|TMPV}}
|{{BSE|500570}}
|[[NIFTY 50|NSE NIFTY 50]] constituent
}}
| area_served = Worldwide
| foundation = {{Start date and age|df=y|1945|9|1}}
| founder = [[JRD Tata]]
| location = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=http://www.tatamotors.com/contactus/index.php |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-06-28 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108103843/http://www.tatamotors.com/contactus/index.php |archivedate=2016-01-08 }}</ref>
| key_people = {{ubl|[[Natarajan Chandrasekaran|N. Chandrasekaran]] ([[chairman]])|Shailesh Chandra ([[Chief Executive Officer|CEO]])|[[PB Balaji]] ([[Chief financial officer|CFO]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Motors Ltd |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/TAMO.NS/ |publisher=Reuters |access-date=19 May 2024}}</ref>}}
| services =
| products = [[Car|Automobiles]]
| subsid = {{plainlist|
* [[Jaguar Land Rover]]
* [[Tata Technologies]]
}}
| production =
| revenue = {{increase}} {{INRConvert|371531|c}} (2025)
| operating_income = {{increase}} {{INRConvert|28454|c}} (2025)
| net_income = {{decrease}} {{INRConvert|19394|c}} (2025)
| assets = {{profit}} {{INRConvert|378642|c}} (2025)
| equity = {{profit}} {{INRConvert|122754|c}} (2025)
| num_employees =
| parent = [[Tata Group]]
| homepage = {{URL|http://cars.tatamotors.com}}
| footnotes = Financials {{as of|2025|03|31|lc=y|df=yes}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Limited (formerly Tata Motors Limited) Consolidated Q2 FY26 Results |url=https://www.bseindia.com/xml-data/corpfiling/AttachHis/68d80f01-c8be-41b2-a62f-195b11d0dd25.pdf |publisher=Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Limited |access-date=7 December 2025}}</ref>
}}

'''Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Limited''' is an Indian multinational [[automobile manufacturer]], based in [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tata Motors Re-Enters South Africa Market with Bold, Future-Ready Range of Passenger Vehicles – Tata Motors |url=https://www.tatamotors.com/press-releases/tata-motors-re-enters-south-africa-market-with-bold-future-ready-range-of-passenger-vehicles/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251215232026/https://www.tatamotors.com/press-releases/tata-motors-re-enters-south-africa-market-with-bold-future-ready-range-of-passenger-vehicles/ |archive-date=2025-12-15 |access-date=2026-04-16 |website=www.tatamotors.com |language=en}}</ref> It is a part of [[Tata Group]]. As of 2025, it is the third largest car manufacturer in India by sales, after [[Maruti Suzuki]] and [[Mahindra & Mahindra]] and above [[Hyundai Motor India Limited|Hyundai]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Maruti Suzuki sees 4% growth in January; Hyundai, Tata slip despite Creta & Punch surge |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/auto/cars/maruti-suzuki-sees-4-growth-in-january-hyundai-tata-slip-despite-creta-punch-surge/articleshow/117883344.cms |access-date=6 April 2025 |work=The Times of India |date=3 February 2025}}</ref> It owns British car manufacturer [[Jaguar Land Rover]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=JLR Corporate Homepage International |url=https://media.jaguarlandrover.com/en/news |access-date=2026-04-16 |website=media.jaguarlandrover.com}}</ref>

== History ==
[[File:Tata sier.jpg|thumb|[[Tata Sierra]] (1991-2000)]]
[[File:Tata Sumo EX 2.0 TDi 4x4 2001 (15260028476).jpg|thumb|[[Tata Sumo]] (1994–2019)]]
Tata Motors was founded in 1945, as a [[locomotive]] manufacturer. Tata Motors entered the passenger vehicle market in 1991 with the launch of the [[Tata Sierra]], a multi utility vehicle. This was followed by the launch of the [[Tata Estate]] in 1992 (a [[stationwagon]] based on the existing TataMobile light commercial vehicle) and the [[Tata Sumo]] in 1994, India's first sports utility vehicle.

[[File:Tata Indica DLX front.jpg|thumb|[[Tata Indica]] (first generation)]]

Tata launched the [[Tata Indica|Indica]] in 1998, the first fully indigenous Indian passenger car. Although initially criticised by auto-analysts, its fuel economy, engine and an aggressive marketing strategy made it one of the best selling cars in the history of the Indian automobile industry. A newer version of the car, named Indica V2, was introduced later. Tata Motors also exported the car to South Africa.<ref name="Tata Milestones">{{cite web|url=http://www.tatamotors.com/our_world/rearview.php?version=text|title=Tata Milestones|accessdate=22 March 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206003027/http://www.tatamotors.com/our_world/rearview.php?version=text|archivedate=6 December 2010}}</ref>

In 1999, Tata Motors entered talks to sell its struggling passenger car business, and [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] emerged as a potential buyer. However, after meeting Ford chairperson [[William Clay Ford Jr.|Bill Ford]] in Detroit, [[Ratan Tata]] decided not to sell the business.<ref name="thehindu.com">{{Cite news |last= |date=2024-10-10 |title=How Ratan Tata bailed out Ford by buying Jaguar-Land Rover, despite the American firm humiliating him years before |url=https://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/how-ratan-tata-bailed-out-ford-by-buying-jaguar-land-rover-despite-the-american-firm-humiliating-him-years-before/article68740015.ece |access-date=2024-11-08 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name="ndtv.com">{{Cite web |title=The Jaguar Land Rover Story: How Ratan Tata Triumphed After Ford Snub |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/ratan-tata-death-jaguar-land-rover-ford-the-jaguar-land-rover-story-how-ratan-tata-triumphed-after-ford-snub-6758368 |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

Later in 2008, during the [[Great Recession]], Ford verged on bankruptcy. Tata offered to buy their [[Jaguar Land Rover]] (JLR) for $2.3 billion. Bill Ford reportedly thanked Tata by saying "You are doing us a big favour by buying JLR."<ref name="thehindu.com"/><ref name="ndtv.com"/><ref name="media.ford.com">{{cite press release |title=Ford Motor Company Announces Agreement to Sell Jaguar Land Rover to Tata Motors |publisher=Ford Motor Company |date=26 March 2008 |url=http://media.ford.com/newsroom/release_display.cfm?release=27953 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612192629/http://media.ford.com/newsroom/release_display.cfm?release=27953 |archive-date=12 June 2008 |access-date=27 March 2008}}</ref><ref name="definitive1">{{cite press release |title=Tata Motors enters into Definitive Agreement with Ford for purchase of Jaguar Land Rover |publisher=Tata Motors |date=26 March 2008 |url=http://www.tatamotors.com/our_world/press_releases.php?ID=356&action=Pull |access-date=27 March 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205235956/http://www.tatamotors.com/our_world/press_releases.php?ID=356&action=Pull |archive-date=5 December 2010 }}</ref><ref name="communications1">{{cite news |title=Classic names are part of Tata deal |first=Tony |last=Lewin |date=27 March 2008 |url=http://www.autonews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080327/COPY01/803239/1193 |publisher=Crain Communications |work=Automotive News |access-date=18 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328212307/http://www.autonews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20080327%2FCOPY01%2F803239%2F1193 |archive-date=28 March 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="r_20080602">{{cite news |title=Tata Motors completes acquisition of Jag, Land Rover |date=2 June 2008 |publisher=Thomson Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/ousiv/idUSBMA00084220080602 |access-date=2 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229000957/http://www.reuters.com/article/ousiv/idUSBMA00084220080602 |archive-date=29 December 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Nano.jpg|thumb|Tata Nano]]
In January 2008, Tata Motors launched [[Tata Nano]], the least expensive production car in the world at about {{INR}}120,000 ({{USD}}3,000).<ref name="forbes.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/home/free_forbes/2007/0416/070.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070501110440/http://www.forbes.com/home/free_forbes/2007/0416/070.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 May 2007|title=The Next People's Car|accessdate=21 January 2008|work=Forbes|date=16 April 2007}}</ref> The [[city car]] was unveiled during the Auto Expo 2008 exhibition in [[Pragati Maidan]], [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshowpics/2689238.cms
|title= Time to say hi to Tata's dream car |work=The Times of India | date=10 January 2008}}</ref>

Tata faced controversy over developing the Nano, as environmentalists like Anumita Roychoudhury of the Centre for Science and Environment in Delhi<ref>Fred Attewill , [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/jan/10/india.climatechange "World's cheapest car upsets environmentalists"], ''The Guardian'', 10 January 2008</ref> and [[Rajendra K. Pachauri]],<ref>Gavin Rabinowitz, [http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/autos/2008-01-10-2500-car_N.htm "Carmaker in India unveils $2,500 car"], ''USA Today'', October 2008</ref> the chairperson of the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]] (IPCC), raised concerns over the launch of such a low-priced car which could lead to [[Tata Nano#Mass motorization and climate change|mass motorization]] in India, leading to an increase in pollution and accelerate [[climate change]].<ref>Colin Mathews, [http://www.thecarconnection.com/news/1019626_tata-nano-hits-the-market-environmentalists-sound-alarm "Tata Nano Hits The Market, Environmentalists Sound Alarm"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714125018/http://www.thecarconnection.com/news/1019626_tata-nano-hits-the-market-environmentalists-sound-alarm |date=14 July 2014 }}, ''The Car Connection'', 23 March 2009</ref><ref>Siddhartha Shome, [http://thebreakthrough.org/archive/the_little_car_that_environmen "The Little Car that Environmentalists Love to Hate"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528082810/http://thebreakthrough.org/archive/the_little_car_that_environmen |date=28 May 2014 }}, ''The Breakthrough'', January 2008</ref> Tata had set up a factory in [[Sanand]], [[Gujarat]], and the first Nanos were rolled out in the summer of 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/business/companies/tata-motors-acquire-ford-india-sanand-plant-in-gujarat-to-expand-production-capacity/article65744732.ece|title=Tata Motors to acquire Ford India's Sanand plant to expand production capacity|date=8 August 2022|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

At the 12th [[Auto Expo]] in February 2014, Tata Motors unveiled The Bolt, a [[hatchback]] and The Zest, a compact [[Sedan (automobile)|sedan]].<ref>[http://www.autocarindia.com/auto-news/auto-expo-2014-tata-bolt-hatchback-and-tata-zest-sedan-unveiled-371212.aspx "Auto Expo 2014: Tata Bolt hatchback and Tata Zest sedan unveiled"], ''Autocar India'', 3 February 2014</ref>

In 2015, Tata Motors Cars entered the Southeast Asian market by expanding into Vietnam and the Philippines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/tata-motors-forays-into-vietnam/articleshow/47300843.cms|title=Tata Motors forays into Vietnam|date=15 May 2015|via=The Economic Times - The Times of India}}</ref>

Tata Motors increased its [[utility vehicle]] [[market share]] to over 8% in FY2019.<ref>{{cite news | url= https://www.autocarpro.in/analysis-sales/tata-motors-increases-its-uv-market-share-to-over-8-in-fy2019-42688?hqcountry=India | title=Tata Motors Market Share | work=Auto Car Professional | access-date=2 April 2019}}</ref>

On 12 October 2021, private equity firm [[TPG Inc.|TPG]] invested $1 billion in Tata Motors' electric vehicle subsidiary.<ref name="Barman 2021">{{cite web | last=Barman | first=Arijit | title=TPG - Tata Motors: TPG drives into Tata Motors EV business with $1 billion investment | website=The Economic Times | date=12 October 2021 | url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/renewables/tpg-drives-into-tata-motors-ev-business-with-1-billion-investment/articleshow/86966881.cms | access-date=13 October 2021}}</ref>

In May 2022, Tata Motors acquired [[Ford India]]'s [[Sanand]] manufacturing plant.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Livemint |date=2022-05-30 |title=Tata Motors to acquire Ford India's Sanand plant |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/tata-motors-to-acquire-ford-india-s-sanand-plant-11653886406603.html |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref>

In 2024, Tata Motors announced the demerger of [[Tata Motors|its commercial vehicles business]]. The demerger was completed in October 2025.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tata Motors says commercial vehicles unit to be renamed as Tata Motors Limited |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/auto/auto-news/tata-motors-says-tml-commercial-vehicles-to-be-renamed-tata-motors-limited/articleshow/124426811.cms |access-date=29 November 2025 |work=The Economic Times |date=9 October 2025}}</ref>

== Operations ==
{{See also|Sanand Plant (Tata Motors)}}
Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles makes products in the compact, midsize car, and utility vehicle segments.<ref name="tatamotors1">{{cite web |url=http://www.tatamotors.com/our_world/profile.php |title=Tata Motors |publisher=Tata Motors |access-date=4 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111233915/http://www.tatamotors.com/our_world/profile.php |archive-date=11 January 2011 }}</ref> The company's manufacturing plants in India are in Pune (Maharashtra) and Sanand (Gujarat). Tata's dealership, sales, service, and spare parts network comprise over 3,500 touchpoints.<ref name="tatamotors1"/> Tata Motors has more than 250 dealerships in more than 195 cities across 27 [[States of India|states]] and four [[Union Territory|Union Territories]] of India.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tatanano.inservices.tatamotors.com/tatamotors/index.php?option=com_booking&task=outlets&Itemid=304 |title=Booking Center Locator |website=tatanano.inservices.tatamotors.com |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325045013/http://tatanano.inservices.tatamotors.com/tatamotors/index.php?option=com_booking&task=outlets&Itemid=304 |archive-date=25 March 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It has the third-largest sales and service network after [[Maruti Suzuki]] and [[Hyundai Motor India Limited|Hyundai]].

Tata also has franchisee/joint venture assembly operations in Kenya, Bangladesh, Ukraine, Russia, and Senegal.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tatacarsworldwide.com/company/index.asp |title=Tata Motors International : Company : Profile |publisher=Tatacarsworldwide.com |access-date=4 June 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304153342/http://www.tatacarsworldwide.com/company/index.asp |archive-date=4 March 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref> Tata has dealerships in 26 countries across 4 continents.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tatacarsworldwide.com/global-presence/index.asp |title=Tata Motors International : Global Network |publisher=Tatacarsworldwide.com |access-date=4 June 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090715091655/http://www.tatacarsworldwide.com/global-presence/index.asp |archive-date=15 July 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref> Tata is present in many countries, it has managed to create a large consumer base in the [[Indian subcontinent]], namely India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Tata is also present in Italy,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tatamotors.it/|title=Tata Motors -|website=Tata Motors|access-date=27 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170527185710/http://tatamotors.it/|archive-date=27 May 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Spain,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tatamotors.es/ |title=Tata Motors España. Coches Tata - Coches Nuevos y Nuevas Ofertas de Tata |publisher=Tatamotors.es |access-date=28 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011014019/http://www.tatamotors.es/ |archive-date=11 October 2007 |url-status=live }}</ref> Poland,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tatamotor.com.pl/|title=Start - sklep internetowy Tata Motors POLSKA |website=tatamotor.com.pl|access-date=27 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928150018/https://www.tatamotor.com.pl/|archive-date=28 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Romania,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.davossi.ro/ |title=Davossi |publisher=Davossi.ro |access-date=28 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801064425/http://davossi.ro/ |archive-date=1 August 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Turkey,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tata.com.tr/ |title=Tata Türkıye |publisher=Tata.com.tr |access-date=28 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080112000231/http://www.tata.com.tr/ |archive-date=12 January 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> Chile,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tata-motors.cl/ |title=Tata Motors |publisher=Tata-motors.cl |access-date=28 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809092821/http://www.tata-motors.cl/ |archive-date=9 August 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> South Africa,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tata.co.za/ |title=Tata Homepage - Tata South Africa |publisher=Tata.co.za |access-date=28 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626234455/http://www.tata.co.za/ |archive-date=26 June 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> Oman, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Iraq, Syria and Australia.

=== Jaguar Land Rover ===
{{Main|Jaguar Land Rover}}

[[File:Land Rover Range Rover Autobiography 2016.jpg|thumb|[[Range Rover (L405)]]]]
[[File:Land Rover Defender (L663) Auto Zuerich 2021 IMG 0431.jpg| thumb |249x249px| right | alt= Land Rover Defender |
Land Rover Defender]]
[[Jaguar Land Rover|Jaguar Land Rover PLC]] is a premium British automaker headquartered in [[Whitley, Coventry]], United Kingdom, and has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Motors since June 2008, when it was acquired from [[Ford Motor Company]] of USA.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rutherford |first=Mike |date=29 March 2008 |title=Mike Rutherford ponders Tata's takeover of Land Rover and Jaguar |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/main.jhtml?xml=/motoring/2008/03/29/mrmoney129.xml |url-status=dead |access-date=30 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408233420/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fmotoring%2F2008%2F03%2F29%2Fmrmoney129.xml |archive-date=8 April 2008}}</ref> Its principal activity is the development, manufacture and sale of [[Jaguar Cars|Jaguar]] luxury and sports cars and [[Land Rover]] premium four-wheel-drive vehicles.

Jaguar Land Rover has two design centres and three assembly plants in the United Kingdom. Under Tata ownership, Jaguar Land Rover has launched new vehicles including the [[Range Rover Evoque]], [[Jaguar F-Type]], the [[Jaguar XE]], the [[Jaguar XJ (X351)]], the second-generation [[Range Rover Sport]], and [[Jaguar XF]], the fourth-generation [[Land Rover Discovery]], [[Range Rover Velar]] and the [[Range Rover (L405)]].
[[File:2019 Land Rover Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE 2.0 Front.jpg|thumb|[[Land Rover Discovery Sport]]]]
[[File:2017 Jaguar F-Type V6 R-Dynamic Automatic 3.0 Front.jpg|thumb|[[Jaguar F-Type]]]]
JD Power, of the US, rates Land Rover and Jaguar as the two worst brands for initial quality.
<ref>{{cite news |last=McIntyre |first=Douglas A. |date=24 June 2019 |title=And the Worst New Car Sold in America Is… |work=MSN |publisher=Microsoft News |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/autos/news/and-the-worst-new-car-sold-in-america-is%e2%80%a6/ar-AADlFYP?ocid=spartanntp |access-date=25 June 2019}}</ref> The Jaguar F-Pace made [[Consumer Reports]] February 2019 list of the 10 Least Reliable Cars. The editors cited "electronics, drive system, power equipment, noises and leaks" as problematic aspects.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Linkov |first1=Jon |last2=Elek |first2=Steven |date=18 November 2021 |title=10 Least Reliable Cars |url=https://www.consumerreports.org/car-reliability-owner-satisfaction/10-least-reliable-cars/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007021807/https://www.consumerreports.org/car-reliability-owner-satisfaction/10-least-reliable-cars/ |archive-date=7 October 2019 |work=Consumer Reports}}</ref>

The Jaguar Land Rover subsidiary was struggling by 2019 and Tata Motors wrote down its investment in JLR by $3.9 billion. Much of the financial problem was due to a 50% drop in sales in China during 2019, although the situation was improving. Still, Tata was open to considering a partnership with another company according to a statement in mid-October, as long as the partnership agreement would allow Tata to maintain control of the business. The company ruled out the possibility of a sale of JLR to another entity.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Trudell |first1=Craig |last2=Coppola |first2=Gabrielle |last3=Kotoky |first3=Anurag |date=15 October 2019 |title=Tata Looks for Jaguar Land Rover Partners, but Rules Out Sale |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-10-15/tata-chairman-awaiting-brexit-deal-says-tariffs-are-new-normal |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017184321/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-10-15/tata-chairman-awaiting-brexit-deal-says-tariffs-are-new-normal |archive-date=17 October 2019 |work=Bloomberg}}</ref>

In July 2023, Tata announced its plans to invest £4 billion to build an electric car battery factory in the UK, which will be one of the largest of its kind in Europe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tata Group confirms plans to build gigafactory for batteries in the UK |url=https://news.sky.com/story/tata-motors-to-build-electric-car-battery-factory-in-uk-12923165 |access-date=2023-07-20 |website=Sky News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ralph |first=Alex |date=2023-07-20 |title=Tata to build £4bn gigafactory in Somerset |language=en |newspaper=[[The Times]] |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/tata-to-build-gigafactory-in-somerset-knpvqclxd |access-date=2023-07-20 |issn=0140-0460}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2024-02-28 |title=Tata confirms Somerset will host £4bn battery factory |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-somerset-68412570 |access-date=2024-02-28 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> The factory will be the company's first battery production facility outside India.<ref name=":1" /> Located in [[Bridgwater]], [[Somerset]], the factory will supply Jaguar Land Rover's future battery electric models, including the Range Rover, Defender, Discovery and Jaguar brands, with the potential to also supply other car manufacturers.<ref name=":0" /> Production at the new facility is due to start in 2026.

=== Electric vehicles ===
'''Tata Passenger Electric Mobility''' is a subsidiary which produces electric cars under the brand name Tata Motors.<ref name="auto"/>

Tata Motors unveiled electric versions of the [[Tata Indica EV|Tata Indica]] passenger car powered by TM4 electric motors and inverters,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tm4.com/about-us/customers/ |title=Customers |publisher=TM4 |access-date=28 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630233327/http://tm4.com/about-us/customers/ |archive-date=30 June 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> and running on lithium batteries.
[[File:Tata EVision, GIMS 2018, Le Grand-Saconnex (1X7A1191).jpg|thumb|Tata EVision concept (2018)]]
In 2008 Tata Motors' UK subsidiary, Tata Motors European Technical Centre, bought a 50.3% holding in [[electric vehicle]] technology firm Miljøbil Grenland/Innovasjon of Norway for {{USD}}1.93 million, and planned to launch the electric Indica hatchback in Europe the following year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tata.com/media/releases/inside.aspx?artid=D8J398/KAjI= |title=TMETC acquires 50.3 per cent stake in Norway's Miljo Grenland/Innovasjon; to launch first electric vehicle |publisher=Tata.com |date=14 October 2008 |access-date=2 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730110821/http://www.tata.com/media/releases/inside.aspx?artid=D8J398%2FKAjI%3D |archive-date=30 July 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tata.com/company/profile.aspx?sectid=MiEz+LbA1Yg= |title=Tata Motors European Technical Centre |publisher=Tata.com |access-date=2 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090124131750/http://tata.com/company/profile.aspx?sectid=MiEz+LbA1Yg= |archive-date=24 January 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.just-auto.com/article.aspx?id=96329&lk=dm |title=Tata to launch EV next year |publisher=Just-auto.com |date=14 October 2008 |access-date=2 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090329062948/http://www.just-auto.com/article.aspx?id=96329&lk=dm |archive-date=29 March 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In December 2019, Tata Motors unveiled the Nexon EV, an SUV with a 30.2 kWh lithium-ion battery and a consistent range of 312 km on a single charge. It is also equipped with fast charging technology, which can charge the vehicle from 0% - 80% in 60 minutes.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tata Nexon EV - India's Own Electric Compact SUV Powered by Ziptron|url=https://nexonev.tatamotors.com/|access-date=28 July 2020|website=Tata Nexon EV - India's Own Electric Compact SUV Powered by Ziptron|language=en}}</ref>

=== Tata Technologies ===
[[Tata Technologies]] Limited (TTL) is a 43%-owned subsidiary of Tata Motors which provides design, engineering, and [[business process outsourcing]] services to the automotive industry. It is headquartered in [[Pune]]'s [[Hinjawadi|Hinjawadi business district]] and also has operations in London, [[Detroit]] and Thailand. Its clients include Ford, [[General Motors]], [[Honda]], and [[Toyota]].

The British engineering and design services company Incat International, which specialises in engineering and design services and product lifecycle management in the automotive, aerospace, and engineering sectors, is a wholly owned subsidiary of TTL. It was acquired by TTL in August 2005 for {{INR}}4 billion.

In 2017, TAL, a subsidiary of Tata Motors, manufactured India's first industrial articulated robot for micro, small, and medium enterprises.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/robotic-hand-rocks-manufacturing-cradle/article17934526.ece?homepage=true|title=Robotic hand rocks manufacturing cradle|last=Mondal|first=Manisha|work=The Hindu|access-date=11 April 2017|language=en}}</ref>

=== Fiat-Tata ===
Fiat-Tata is an India-based joint venture between Tata and [[Fiat]] ([[Stellantis]]) which produces Jeep and Tata branded passenger cars, as well as engines and transmissions. Tata Motors has gained access to Fiat's [[diesel engine]] and [[Transmission (mechanics)|transmission]] technology through the joint venture.<ref name="timesofmalta.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.timesofmalta.com/motoring/view/20071021/news/fiat-tata-motors-set-up-joint-venture|title=Fiat, Tata Motors set up joint venture|access-date=1 April 2008|date=21 October 2007|work=timesofmalta.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118071457/http://www.timesofmalta.com/motoring/view/20071021/news/fiat-tata-motors-set-up-joint-venture|archive-date=18 November 2007|url-status=live}}</ref>

The two companies formerly also had a distribution joint venture through which Fiat products were sold in India through joint Tata-Fiat dealerships. This distribution arrangement was ended in March 2013; Stellantis cars have since been distributed in India by [[Fiat Automobiles India Limited]], a wholly owned subsidiary of Stellantis.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/fiat-to-complete-split-from-tata-in-sales-ops-by-mar-2013-112091900131_1.html|title=Fiat to complete split from Tata in sales ops by Mar 2013|access-date=12 January 2014|publisher=Business Standard|date=19 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112230837/http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/fiat-to-complete-split-from-tata-in-sales-ops-by-mar-2013-112091900131_1.html|archive-date=12 January 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-04-11/news/38463206_1_tata-fiat-jv-tata-motors-outlets|title=After split with Tata Motors, Fiat begins its solo India ride|access-date=12 January 2014|publisher=The Economic Times|date=11 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112190230/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-04-11/news/38463206_1_tata-fiat-jv-tata-motors-outlets|archive-date=12 January 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Tata Motors Design Tech Centre ===
Tata Motors Design Tech Centre, formerly known as Tata Motors European Technical Centre, is an automotive design, engineering, and research company based at [[WMG, University of Warwick]] on the campus of the [[University of Warwick]] in England. It was established in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.motorbeam.com/news/tata-news/tata-motors-unveils-new-range-of-trucks/ |title=Tata Motors Unveils New Range Of Trucks |publisher=Motorbeam.com |date=29 May 2009 |access-date=4 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601071947/http://www.motorbeam.com/news/tata-news/tata-motors-unveils-new-range-of-trucks/ |archive-date=1 June 2009 }}</ref>

In September 2013, it was announced that a new [[National Automotive Innovation Campus]] would be built at WMG at Warwick's main campus at a cost of £100 million.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/student/news/100m-investment-boost-for-warwick-university-8839352.html|title=£100m investment boost for Warwick University|access-date=29 September 2013|work=The Independent|date=25 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929184819/http://www.independent.co.uk/student/news/100m-investment-boost-for-warwick-university-8839352.html|archive-date=29 September 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-coventry-warwickshire-24227662|title=University of Warwick £100m car centre 'will secure jobs'|access-date=29 September 2013|publisher=BBC|date=24 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928174356/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-coventry-warwickshire-24227662|archive-date=28 September 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> The initiative will be a partnership between Tata Motors, the university, and Jaguar Land Rover, with £30 million in funding coming from Tata Motors.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theengineer.co.uk/channels/policy-and-business/news/tata-motors-confirms-30m-in-uk-rd-centre/1017613.article|title=Tata Motors confirms £30m investment in UK R&D centre|access-date=27 February 2014|publisher=The Engineer|date=3 December 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129035627/http://www.theengineer.co.uk/channels/policy-and-business/news/tata-motors-confirms-30m-in-uk-rd-centre/1017613.article|archive-date=29 November 2014}}</ref>

== Leadership ==
=== Chairmen ===
* [[Ratan Tata]] (1991–2012 and 2016–2017)
* [[Cyrus Mistry]] (2012–2016)
* [[Natarajan Chandrasekaran]] (2017–present)<ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/business/autos-transportation/tata-motors-appoints-natarajan-chandrasekaran-chairman-of-the-board-idUSFWN1F70H3/%23:~:text%3DTata%2520Motors%2520appoints%2520Natarajan%2520Chandrasekaran%2520chairman%2520of%2520the%2520board%2520%257C%2520Reuters&ved=2ahUKEwiEvYPTlOGQAxUdGLkGHXWzGAsQ1fkOegYIAQgIEAo&opi=89978449&cd&psig=AOvVaw37S44oLosXwvMsmZE9_3EN&ust=1762643441949000</ref>

=== CEOs ===
* Carl-Peter Forster (2010–2011)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.team-bhp.com/forum/indian-car-scene/75569-ex-chief-gm-europe-now-group-ceo-tata-motors.html|title=Ex-chief of GM Europe is now Group CEO of Tata Motors|website=Team-BHP.com}}</ref>
* [[Karl Slym]] (2012–2014)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-25903685 |title=BBC News - Tata Motors chief Karl Slym dies |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=2014-01-26 |accessdate=2014-01-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/transport/10597919/Tata-Motors-boss-Karl-Slym-dies-after-hotel-balcony-fall.html |title=Tata Motors boss Karl Slym dies after hotel balcony fall |publisher=Telegraph |date=2013-10-15 |accessdate=2014-01-26}}</ref>
* Cyrus Mistry (2015–2016)
* [[Guenter Butschek]] (2016–2021)<ref>https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tata-motors-appoints-ceo-md-after-2-years-116011800882_1.html#:~:text=Former%20Airbus%20MD%20succeeds%20Karl,organisations%20and%20developing%20new%20markets.</ref>
* Girish Wagh (2021–2025)
* Shailesh Chandra (2025–present)<ref>https://www.business-standard.com/companies/people/shailesh-chandra-tata-motors-joint-md-ceo-restructuring-leadership-125092700627_1.html%23:~:text%3DShailesh%2520Chandra%2520has%2520been%2520named,and%2520passenger%2520electric%2520mobility%2520businesses.&ved=2ahUKEwjo8e7WkuGQAxX7GLkGHcOnB1MQ1fkOegYIAQgIEAI&opi=89978449&cd&psig=AOvVaw1lYisGXK6xUGFBjhUXou_K&ust=1762642913143000</ref>

== Products ==
=== Current models ===
==== ICE vehicles ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; width: 88%"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Model
! rowspan="2" width="10%" |Calendar year introduced
!Current model
! rowspan="2" width="32%" cellpadding="32px" |Vehicle information
|-
! width="10%" |Introduction
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
| colspan="5" |'''[[Hatchback]]'''
|-
|[[File:Tiago Test Drive Car Bengaluru.jpg|199x199px]]
|'''[[Tata Tiago|Tiago]]'''
|2016
|2025
|City car hatchback (A-segment)
|-
|[[File:Tata Altroz fronte.jpg|199x199px]]
|'''[[Tata Altroz|Altroz]]'''
|2020
|2025
|Subcompact hatchback (B-segment)
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
| colspan="5" |'''[[Sedan (automobile)|Sedan]]'''
|-
|[[File:2017-03-07 Geneva Motor Show 1068.JPG|199x199px]]
|[[Tata Tigor|'''Tigor''']]
|2017
|2025
|Subcompact sedan (B-segment)
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
| colspan="5" |'''[[Sport utility vehicle|SUV]]/[[Crossover (automobile)|crossover]]'''
|-
|[[File:2021 Tata Punch Creative (India) front view 01.png|199x199px]]
|'''[[Tata Punch|Punch]]'''
|2021
|2026
|Subcompact crossover SUV (A-segment)
|-
|[[File:2023 Tata Nexon XZA+ front view.jpg|199x199px]]
|[[Tata Nexon|'''Nexon''']]
|2017
|2023
|Subcompact crossover SUV (B-segment)
|-
|[[File:2025 Tata Curvv Creative+ S Petrol (India) front view.png|alt=|199x199px]]
|[[Tata Curvv|'''Curvv''']]
|2024
|2024
|Subcompact crossover coupe SUV (C-segment)
|-
|
|[[Tata Sierra|'''Sierra''']]
|1991
|2025
|Mid-size 5 seater SUV (C-
segment) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-25 |title=2025 Tata Sierra Launched in India at Rs 11.49 Lakh: Engine, Transmission, Colour Options, Variants and more |url=https://www.timesdrive.in/news/tata-sierra-makes-comeback-price-starts-at-rs-11-49-lakh-check-interior-exterior-engine-options-variants-and-more-article-153202141 |access-date=2025-11-25 |website=Times Drive |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[File:Tata Buzzard Sport Genf 2019 1Y7A5793.jpg|199x199px]]
|'''[[Tata Harrier|Harrier]]'''
|2019
|2023
|Mid-size 5 seater crossover SUV (D-segment)
|-
|[[File:Tata Buzzard Genf 2019 1Y7A5791.jpg|199x199px]]
|'''[[Tata Safari|Safari]]'''
|1998
|2023
|Mid-size 7 seater crossover SUV (D-segment)
|}

==== Electric vehicles ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; width: 88%"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Model
! rowspan="2" width="10%" |Calendar year introduced
!Current model
! rowspan="2" width="32%" cellpadding="32px" |Vehicle information
|-
! width="10%" |Introduction
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
| colspan="5" |'''[[Hatchback (automobile)|Hatchback]]'''
|-
|[[File:2022 Tata Tiago EV IB XZ+ Tech LR front view.png|199x199px]]
|[[Tata Tiago EV|'''Tiago.ev''']]
|2022
|2022
|City car hatchback (A-segment)
|- bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
| colspan="5" |'''[[Sedan (automobile)|Sedan]]'''
|-
|
|[[Tata Tigor#Tigor EV|'''Tigor.ev''']]
|2019
|2021
|Subcompact sedan (B-segment)
|-bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
| colspan="5" |'''[[Sport utility vehicle|SUV]]/[[Crossover (automobile)|crossover]]'''
|-
|[[File:Tata punch.ev.jpg|alt=|199x199px]]
|[[Tata Punch#Tata Punch.ev|'''Punch.ev''']]
|2024
|2026
|Subcompact crossover SUV (A-segment)
|-
|[[File:2020_Tata_Nexon_EV_(India)_front_view.png|alt=|199x199px]]
|[[Tata Nexon#Nexon EV|'''Nexon.ev''']]
|2020
|2023
|Subcompact crossover SUV (B-segment)
|-
|
|[[Tata Curvv EV|'''Curvv.ev''']]
|2024
|2024
|Subcompact crossover coupe SUV (C-segment)
|-
|
|[[Tata Harrier EV|'''Harrier.ev''']]
|2025
|2025
|Mid-size 5 seater crossover SUV (D-segment)
|-
|}

=== Former models ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Model
! Released
! Discontinued
! Image
|-
|'''[[Tata Telcoline|Telcoline]]'''
|1988
|2010
|[[File:Tata Telcoline TDI double-cab pickup (8566172154).jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Estate|Estate]]'''
|1992
|2000
|[[File:Tata Estate front.jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Sumo|Sumo]]'''
|1994
|2019
|[[File:Tata Sumo EX 2.0 TDi 4x4 2001 (15260028476).jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Indica|Indica]]'''
|1998
|2018
|[[File:2009 Tata Indica V2 white.jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Spacio|Spacio]]'''
|2000
|2011
|[[File:Tata sumo spacio soft top version.jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Indigo|Indigo]]'''
|2002
|2018
|[[File:Tata Indigo saloon with graffiti.jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Indigo Marina|Indigo Marina]]'''
|2006
|2009
|[[File:Tata Indigo SW LX front.jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Telcoline|Xenon]]'''
|2007
|2018
|[[File:Tata Xenon DLE 2.2 Crew Cab 4x4 2014 (15219507658).jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Sumo Grande|Sumo Grande]]'''
|2008
|2016
|[[File:TataSumoGrande07.JPG|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Vista|Vista]]'''
|2008
|2016
|[[File:Tata Vista (33591857578).jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Nano|Nano]]'''
|2008
|2018
|[[File:Tata Nano - GenX 01.JPG|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Manza|Manza]]'''
|2009
|2016
|[[File:Tata Manza LHD in QC front.JPG|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Venture|Venture]]'''
|2010
|2017
|
|-
|'''[[Tata Aria|Aria]]'''
|2010
|2017
|[[File:Tata Aria.JPG|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Zest|Zest]]'''
|2014
|2019
|[[File:Salon de l'auto de Genève 2014 - 20140305 - Tata Zest.jpg|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Bolt|Bolt]]'''
|2014
|2019
|[[File:2014-03-04 Geneva Motor Show 1414.JPG|200px]]
|-
|'''[[Tata Hexa|Hexa]]'''
|2017
|2020
|[[File:Tata Hexa (10).JPG|200px]]
|}

=== Concept vehicles ===
[[File:Tata_Prima.jpg|right|thumb|The Tata Pr1ma concept car]]
[[File:Tata45X_Concept_Back_Genf_2018.jpg|right|thumb|Tata 45X Concept at Geneva Motor show]]

* 2000 Aria Roadster
* 2001 Aria Coupe
* 2002 [[Tata Indica]]
* 2004 [[Tata Indigo|Tata Indigo Advent]]
* 2005 [[Tata Xover]]
* 2006 [[Tata Cliffrider]]
* 2007 [[Tata Elegante]]
* 2009 [[Tata Prima]]
* 2011 [[Tata Pixel]]
* 2012 Tata Megapixel
* 2014 [[Tata Nexon]]<ref>[http://www.autocarindia.com/auto-news/auto-expo-2014-tata-nexon-connectnext-concepts-unveiled-371556.aspx "Auto Expo 2014: Tata Nexon, Connectnext concepts unveiled"], ''Autocar India'', 5 February 2014</ref>
* 2014 Tata Connectnext<ref>PTI,[https://stockmines.com/index.php/2024/02/02/tata-motors-2025-share-target-blackbird-launch-date/ Tata Black Bird] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140302051016/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-02-05/news/47049459_1_concept-car-passenger-vehicle-market-auto-expo-2014 "Auto Expo 2014: Tata Motors unveils SUV Nexon, ConnectNext concept cars"], ''The Economic Times'', 5 February 2014</ref>
* 2015 Tata [[Tamo Racemo]]
* 2018 Tata 45X Concept (Launched as [[Tata Altroz]] on 22 January 2020)
* 2018 Tata H5X Concept (Launched as [[Tata Harrier]] on 23 January 2019)
* 2019 Tata H7x (later known as Tata Gravitas and launched as [[Tata Safari]] on 15 Feb 2021)
* 2020 Tata HBX Concept (Launched as [[Tata Punch]] on 18 Oct 2021)
* 2020 [[Tata Altroz]] EV
* 2020 Tata Sierra EV (Expected to Launch in 2026)
* 2018 [[Tata EVision|Tata E-Vision]] Electric
* 2022 Tata Curvv Electric
* 2022 [[Tata Avinya]] Electric (Expected to Launch In 2026-27)
* 2023 Tata Sierra.ev
* 2023 Tata Harrier.ev

== See also ==
* [[Tata Revotron engine]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{Portal|India|Companies}}
* {{Official website|http://www.tatacars.com/}}

{{Tata Timeline}}
{{Tata Motors}}
{{Automotive industry in India}}

[[Category:Car manufacturers of India]]
[[Category:Car brands]]
[[Category:Tata Motors]]
[[Category:Electric vehicle manufacturers of India]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1945]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1945]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:NIFTY 50]]

Bhadaur Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:38:58Z

Ilushiklom: added new article!

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Punjab State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Bhadaur
| map_image = 102-Bhadaur.svg
| state = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| district = [[Barnala district|Barnala]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Sangrur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sangrur]]
| reservation = SC
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 102
| mla = [[Labh Singh Ugoke]]
| party = [[Aam Aadmi Party]]
| latest_election_year = [[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| electors = {{formatnum:157809 }} (in 2022){{update after|2027|02}}
}}
'''Bhadaur''' is a [[Punjab Legislative Assembly]] constituency in [[Barnala district]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] state, India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ceopunjab.nic.in/English/Elections/SE/List%20Of%20AC%20Name.pdf |title=List of Punjab Assembly Constituencies |accessdate=19 July 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423033326/http://ceopunjab.nic.in/english/Elections/SE/List%20Of%20AC%20Name.pdf |archivedate=23 April 2016 }}</ref> [[Labh Singh Ugoke]] represents the constituency in Punjab assembly since [[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2022]].

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Member
!Picture
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
|[[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2017]]
| [[Pirmal Singh Dhaula]]<ref name=election2017/> ||
|{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| [[Labh Singh Ugoke]] ||
|-
|}

==Election results==
=== 2022 ===
:
<section begin="Assembly Election 2022"/>
{{Election box begin | title=[[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Assembly Election 2022]]: Bhadaur}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Aam Aadmi Party
|candidate = [[Labh Singh Ugoke]]<ref name="2022 Punjab AAP candidates">{{cite news |title=Punjab Elections 2022: Full list of Aam Aadmi Party candidates and their constituencies |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/punjab-elections-2022-full-list-of-aam-aadmi-party-candidates/2404732/ |access-date=23 January 2022 |work=The Financial Express |date=21 January 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
|votes = 53,967
|percentage = 51.07
|change = New
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Charanjit Singh Channi]]<ref name="Punjab INC 2022">{{cite news |title=Punjab Elections 2022: Full list of Congress Candidates and their Constituencies |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/punjab-elections-2022-full-list-of-congress-candidates/2407341/ |access-date=18 February 2022 |work=FE Online |agency=The Indian Express Group |issue=The Financial Express (India) |date=February 18, 2022}}</ref>
|votes = 26,409
|percentage = 21.09
|change = {{decrease}}8.09
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Shiromani Akali Dal
|candidate = Satnam Singh
|votes = 21,183
|percentage = 16.91
|change = {{decrease}}21.45
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Punjab Lok Congress
|candidate = Dharam Singh Fauji
|votes = 261
|percentage = 0.21
|change = New }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Hans Singh]]
|party = Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)
|votes = 8600
|percentage = 12.34
|change = {{increase}}10.4
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 37,558
|percentage = 29.98
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box registered electors
|reg. electors = {{formatnum:1,57,809}}
|ref=<ref name="Punjab Election 2022 Bhadaur">{{cite web |title=Punjab General Legislative Election 2022 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14165-punjab-general-legislative-election-2022/ |website=Election Commission of India |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing
|winner = Aam Aadmi Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}<section end="Assembly Election 2022"/>

=== 2017 ===
 <section begin="Assembly Election 2017"/> <section end="Assembly Election 2017"/>
{{Election box begin | title=[[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Punjab Assembly election, 2017]]: Bhadaur<ref name=election2017>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3614-punjab-general-legislative-election-2017/ |title=Punjab General Legislative Election 2017 |author=Election Commission of India |access-date= 26 June 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Aam Aadmi Party
|candidate = [[Pirmal Singh Dhaula]]
|votes = 57,095
|percentage = 44.14
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Shiromani Akali Dal
|candidate = Sant Balvir Singh Ghunas
|votes = 36,311
|percentage = 28.07
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Joginder Singh
|votes = 26,615
|percentage = 20.57
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)
|candidate = Paramjit Singh
|votes = 2,095
|percentage = 1.62
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Bagga Singh
|votes = 1,157
|percentage = 0.89
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Karamjit Singh
|votes = 941
|percentage = 0.73
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation
|candidate = Savaran Singh
|votes = 628
|percentage = 0.49
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Rajinder Kaur Meemsa
|votes = 527
|percentage = 0.41
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Gora Singh
|votes = 468
|percentage = 0.36
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Jagdeep Singh
|votes = 376
|percentage = 0.29
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Aapna Punjab Party
|candidate = Gurmit Singh
|votes = 219
|percentage = 0.17
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 836
|percentage = 0.65
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box registered electors
|reg. electors = {{formatnum:153195}}
|ref=<ref name=electors2017>{{cite web |url=http://ceopunjab.nic.in/English/Elections/SE/VS2017/D03-Electors%20and%20Polling%20Stations%20VS%202017.pdf |title=Electors and Polling Stations - VS 2017 |author=Chief Electoral Officer - Punjab |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box gain with party link no swing
|winner = Aam Aadmi Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==Previous Results==
{|class="wikitable sortable" width="70%"
!Year||A C No.||Name||Party||Votes||Runner Up||Party||Votes
|-
|2012||102||[[Muhammad Sadiq (singer)|Mohammed Sadique]]||INC||52825||Darbara Singh Guru||SAD||45856
|-
|2007||83||Balvir Singh Ghunas||SAD||38069||Surinder Kaur Balian||INC||37883
|-
|2002||84||Balbir Singh Ghunas||SAD||43558||Surinder Kaur||INC||20471
|-
|1997||84||Balbir Singh Ghunas||SAD||33207||Mohinder Pal Singh (Pakho)||INC||21680
|-
|1992||84||Nirmal Singh Nimma||BSP||1040||Bachan Singh||INC||859
|-
|1985||84||Kundan Singh||SAD||29390||Nohinder Pal Singh||INC||12855
|-
|1980||84||Kundan Singh||SAD||28996||Bachan Singh||INC (I)||21392
|-
|1977||84||Kundan Singh||SAD||24962||Bachan Singh||INC||16269
|-
|1972||90||Kundan Singh||SAD||22805||Bachan Singh||INC||17486
|-
|1969||90||Bachan Singh||INC||16304||Dhanna Singh||SAD||16106
|-
|1967||90||Bachan Singh||CPI||14748||G. Singh||INC||8287
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |title=Record of all Punjab Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/86-punjab/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=14 March 2022}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Punjab}}
{{Barnala district}}
{{coord|30.47|75.33|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Barnala district]]
[[Category:Politics of Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in Punjab, India]]

Thirunallar Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:33:07Z

Ilushiklom: started article - done

{{Short description|Constituency of the Puducherry legislative assembly in India}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| constituency_no =25
| electors ={{formatnum:31204}}
| union_territory = [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]
| name = Thirunallar
| latest_election_year = 2021
| type= SLA
| map_image = Thirunallar-assembly-constituency-25.png
| district = [[Karaikal district|Karaikal]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency)|Puducherry]]
| established = 1964
| reservation = None
| mla = [[P. R. Siva]]
|party = [[Independent Politician|Independent]]
}}

'''Thirunallar''' is a [[Puducherry Legislative Assembly|legislative assembly]] constituency in the Union territory of [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] in [[India]].<ref name=pyceo>{{cite web |url=https://ceopuducherry.py.gov.in/img/maps/overall.jpg |title=Map showing the Assembly constituencies of the U.T. of Pondicherry |date= |access-date=9 November 2021 |publisher = Chief Electoral Office, Puducherry}}</ref><ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |title=Schedule – XIII of Constituencies Order, 2008 of Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005180821/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2010 |access-date=13 October 2021 }}</ref> Thirunallar Assembly constituency was part of [[Puducherry Lok Sabha constituency]].

==Members of Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Election!!Member!! colspan="2" | Party
|-
| [[1964 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|1964]] || Subarayalu || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1969 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|1969]] || R. Supprayalu Naicker || {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
| [[1974 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|1974]] || A. Soundararengan || {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
| [[1977 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|1977]] || N. V.RAMALINGAM || {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
| [[1980 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|1980]] || N. V. RAMALINGAM || {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
| [[1985 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || A. Sonudararengan || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[1990 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|1990]] || || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[1991 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|1991]] || A. Soundararengan || {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
| [[1996 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|1996]] || [[R. Kamalakannan]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2001 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|2001]] || [[R. Kamalakannan]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2006 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election|2006]] || [[P. R. Siva]] || {{Full party name with color|Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
| [[2011 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election|2011]] || P. R. Siva || {{Full party name with color|All India N.R. Congress}}
|-
| [[2016 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election|2016]] || [[R. Kamalakannan]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2021 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election|2021]] || P. R. Siva || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|}

== Election results ==
{{bar box
|float=right
|title= Vote share of winning candidates
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=300px
|barwidth=275px
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2021|2021]]|{{party color|Independent politician}}|36.45}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2016|2016]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|51.30}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2011|2011]]|{{party color|All India N.R. Congress}}|50.77}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2006|2006]]|{{party color|Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|49.69}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 2001|2001]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|42.00}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1996|1996]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|48.53}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1991|1991]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|41.37}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1990|1990]]|{{party color|Independent politician}}|35.70}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1985|1985]]|{{party color|Independent politician}}|45.19}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1980|1980]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|44.44}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1977|1977]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|34.06}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1974|1974]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|49.31}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1969|1969]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|54.12}}
{{bar percent|[[#Assembly Election 1964|1964]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|68.92}}
}}

=== Assembly Election 2026 ===

{{Election box begin|title= [[2026 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate= [[R. Kamalakannan]] |party= Indian National Congress |votes= |percentage= |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate= G. N. S. Rajasekaran|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes= |percentage= |change= }}

{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Vinoth |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes= |percentage= |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Raja Muhammad |party=Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam |votes= |percentage= |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes= |percentage= |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes= |percentage= |change=}}
{{Election box turnout |votes= |percentage= |change=}}
{{Election box rejected|votes=|percentage= }}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors =30989 |change = }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=|loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2021 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2021 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref name=election2021>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13417-puducherry-general-legislative-election-2021/ |title=Puducherry General Legislative Election 2021 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=9 November 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[P. R. Siva]] |party=Independent politician |votes=9,796 |percentage=36.45% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Rajasekaran |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=8,416 |percentage=31.32% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Kamalakkannan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,731 |percentage=28.77% |change=-22.53% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=M. Sikkanthar Batsha |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=347 |percentage=1.29% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Nota |party=None of the above |votes=173 |percentage=0.64% |change=-0.27% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=K. Guru @ Sintha |party=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |votes=127 |percentage=0.47% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,380 |percentage=5.14% |change=-6.09% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=26,874 |percentage=85.93% |change= 1.03% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 31,276 |change =3.67% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Independent politician |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -14.85% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2016 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2016 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[R. Kamalakannan]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=13,138 |percentage=51.30% |change=4.17% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[P. R. Siva]] |party=All India N.R. Congress |votes=10,263 |percentage=40.07% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=K. Devamani |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=1,261 |percentage=4.92% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=233 |percentage=0.91% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=G. Murugaiyan |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=220 |percentage=0.86% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ambalavanan |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=129 |percentage=0.50% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Lourdumary |party=Independent politician |votes=115 |percentage=0.45% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,875 |percentage=11.23% |change=7.58% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=25,611 |percentage=84.89% |change= -1.38% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 30,169 |change =12.92% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=All India N.R. Congress |swing= 0.53% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2011 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2011 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[P. R. Siva]] |party=All India N.R. Congress |votes=11,702 |percentage=50.77% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Kamalakannan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=10,862 |percentage=47.12% |change=-0.61% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=G. Chandrasekaran |party=Independent politician |votes=198 |percentage=0.86% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=M. Srinivasan |party=Independent politician |votes=174 |percentage=0.75% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=V. Maheswari |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=114 |percentage=0.49% |change=-0.12% }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=840 |percentage=3.64% |change=1.69% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=23,050 |percentage=86.27% |change= -1.58% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 26,718 |change =61.16% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India N.R. Congress |loser=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 1.08% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2006 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2006 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 2006 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3437-puducherry-2006/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925222225/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3437-puducherry-2006/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=25 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[P. R. Siva]] |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=7,237 |percentage=49.69% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Kamalakkannan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=6,952 |percentage=47.73% |change=5.73% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=J. Arumugam |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=177 |percentage=1.22% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Sivakumar |party=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |votes=109 |percentage=0.75% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=M. Sadick Ali |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=90 |percentage=0.62% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=285 |percentage=1.96% |change=-4.08% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=14,565 |percentage=87.85% |change= 13.64% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 16,579 |change =-4.13% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 7.68% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2001 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2001 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 2001 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3436-puducherry-2001/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927050359/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3436-puducherry-2001/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Kamalakkannan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,390 |percentage=42.00% |change=-6.53% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=N. V. R. Arivoli |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=4,615 |percentage=35.96% |change=-3.56% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Ambalavanan |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=2,827 |percentage=22.03% |change=10.09% }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=775 |percentage=6.04% |change=-2.97% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=12,832 |percentage=74.22% |change= 2.12% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 17,294 |change =7.37% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 0.64% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1996 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1996 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1996 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3434-puducherry-1996/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917135105/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3434-puducherry-1996/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Kamalakannan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=6,063 |percentage=48.53% |change=26.38% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=A. Soundarengan |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=4,938 |percentage=39.53% |change=-1.84% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Ambalavanan |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=1,492 |percentage=11.94% |change=4.59% }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,125 |percentage=9.01% |change=-4.22% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=12,493 |percentage=78.92% |change= 6.83% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 16,107 |change =5.81% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 7.16% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1991 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1991 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1991 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3433-puducherry-1991/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917135604/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3433-puducherry-1991/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=A. Soundararengan |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=4,401 |percentage=41.37% |change=9.36% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Kamalakkannan |party=Independent politician |votes=2,994 |percentage=28.14% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. P. Selvashanmugham |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,357 |percentage=22.15% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Ambalavanan |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=782 |percentage=7.35% |change=-2.13% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=D. K. Durairaj |party=Independent politician |votes=50 |percentage=0.47% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,407 |percentage=13.22% |change=9.54% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=10,639 |percentage=72.09% |change= -4.83% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 15,222 |change =0.81% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Independent politician |swing= 5.67% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1990 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1990 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1990 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3431-puducherry-1990/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917130547/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3431-puducherry-1990/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Kamalakkannan |party=Independent politician |votes=4,124 |percentage=35.70% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=A. Soundararengan |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=3,698 |percentage=32.01% |change=-4.98% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=P. Sathiadasan |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=2,487 |percentage=21.53% |change=7.42% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Ambalavanan |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=1,095 |percentage=9.48% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Pon. Selvaraj |party=Janata Party |votes=135 |percentage=1.17% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=426 |percentage=3.69% |change=-4.52% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=11,553 |percentage=76.92% |change= -4.85% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 15,100 |change =29.99% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Independent politician |loser=Independent politician |swing= -9.50% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1985 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1985 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1985 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3430-puducherry-1985/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917140417/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3430-puducherry-1985/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=A. Sonudararengan |party=Independent politician |votes=4,246 |percentage=45.19% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Kamalakkannan |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=3,475 |percentage=36.99% |change=-7.45% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=N. Ramadass |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=1,325 |percentage=14.10% |change=-28.19% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=D. Ramadoss |party=Janata Party |votes=311 |percentage=3.31% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=771 |percentage=8.21% |change=6.05% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=9,395 |percentage=81.77% |change= -2.23% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 11,616 |change =15.87% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Independent politician |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 0.75% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1980 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1980 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1980 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3428-puducherry-1980/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927041541/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3428-puducherry-1980/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=N. V. Ramalingam |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=3,573 |percentage=44.44% |change=10.38% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=A. Soundararengam |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=3,400 |percentage=42.29% |change=11.80% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=V. Arunachalam |party=Independent politician |votes=629 |percentage=7.82% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Renganathan |party=Independent politician |votes=222 |percentage=2.76% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. R. Indirsetan |party=Independent politician |votes=216 |percentage=2.69% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=173 |percentage=2.15% |change=-1.42% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=8,040 |percentage=84.00% |change= 4.42% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 10,025 |change =1.44% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 10.38% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1977 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1977 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3426-puducherry-1977/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927043330/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3426-puducherry-1977/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=27 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=N. V. Ramalingam |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=2,654 |percentage=34.06% |change=-15.25% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=A. Soundarengan |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=2,376 |percentage=30.49% |change=15.52% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=P. Shanmugam |party=Indian National Congress |votes=1,811 |percentage=23.24% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Aragasamy |party=Janata Party |votes=952 |percentage=12.22% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=278 |percentage=3.57% |change=-10.02% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=7,793 |percentage=79.58% |change= -9.71% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 9,883 |change =13.60% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -15.25% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1974 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1974 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1974 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3425-puducherry-1974/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917133352/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3425-puducherry-1974/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=A. Soundararengan |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=3,742 |percentage=49.31% |change=-4.81% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Arangasamy |party=Indian National Congress (Organisation) |votes=2,711 |percentage=35.72% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. M. A. Mohamed Arif |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=1,136 |percentage=14.97% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,031 |percentage=13.59% |change=3.54% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=7,589 |percentage=89.29% |change= 1.38% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 8,700 |change =17.05% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -4.81% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1969 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1969 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1969 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3423-puducherry-1969/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917140530/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3423-puducherry-1969/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=17 September 2021 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Supprayalu Naicker |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=3,455 |percentage=54.12% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=V. Arunasalam |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,814 |percentage=44.08% |change=-24.84% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Kathaperumal |party=Independent politician |votes=115 |percentage=1.80% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=641 |percentage=10.04% |change=-28.35% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=6,384 |percentage=87.91% |change= 2.27% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 7,433 |change =7.94% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -14.80% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1964 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1964 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election]]: Thirunallar<ref>{{cite web |title=Puducherry 1964 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3421-puducherry-1964/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515062755/https://www.eci.gov.in/files/file/3421-puducherry-1964/ |website=Election Commission of India|archive-date=15 May 2019 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Subarayalu |party=Indian National Congress |votes=4,000 |percentage=68.92% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sathiamourthy |party=Independent politician |votes=1,772 |percentage=30.53% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Arunachalam |party=Independent politician |votes=32 |percentage=0.55% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,228 |percentage=38.39% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=5,804 |percentage=85.64% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 6,886 |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Indian National Congress |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Puducherry Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Puducherry district]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite web|title=Schedule XXII Puducherry Table A - Assembly Constituencies|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/nri/puducherry_Delimitation.pdf|accessdate=2011-05-13}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Puducherry}}
{{coord|10.934|79.786|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Puducherry]]
[[Category:Politics of Puducherry]]
[[Category:Karaikal district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1964]]
[[Category:1964 establishments in Pondicherry]]

Una, Gujarat Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T02:14:25Z

Ilushiklom: started a data

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Gujarat State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Una
| type = SLA
| map_image =
| map_caption =
| map_alt =
| state = Gujarat
| district = [[Gir Somnath district|Gir Somnath]]
| division =
| loksabha_cons = [[Junagadh Lok Sabha constituency|Junagadh]]
| constituency_no = 93
| established = 1951
| reservation = None
| abolished =
| mla = [[Kalubhai Rathod]]
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| alliance =
| latest_election_year = [[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| electors = {{formatnum:267382}}<ref name=election2022>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14750-gujarat-general-legislative-election-2022/ |title=Gujarat General Legislative Election 2022 |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date= 18 April 2023}}</ref>{{update after|2028|2}}
}}

'''Una''' is one of the 182 [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Gujarat]] state in [[India]].<ref name=gjceo>{{Cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125011107/http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/PCAC.pdf |url=http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/PCAC.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2014 |title=Parliament / Assembly constituency wise PS & Electors Detail - Draft Roll - 2014 |access-date= 1 June 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |title=Gujarat: Order No. 33: Table-A: Assembly Constituency and Their Extent |date=12 December 2006 |website=Election Commission of India |publisher=Delimitation Commission of India |pages=2–31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015941/http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=12 February 2017 }}</ref> It is part of [[Gir Somnath district|Gir Somnath]] district.

== List of segments ==

This assembly seat represents the following segments,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf|title=Gujarat: Order No. 33: Table-A: Assembly Constituency and Their Extent|date=12 December 2006|website=Election Commission of India|publisher=Delimitation Commission of India|pages=2–31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015941/http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=|access-date=12 February 2017}}</ref>

# Una Taluka All Villages Amodra Kansariya, Jamvala, Bhakha, Thordi, Babariya, Sanvav, Jaragli, Ankolali, Panderi, Dhrabavad, Velakot, Jhanjhariya, Sonpura, Bhiyal, Bodidar, Kaneri, Maghardi, Ambavad, Kanakiya, Simasi, Ranvasi, Bhebha, Madhgam, Revad, Lerka, Chikhli, Sokhda, Kajardi, Kob, Bhingran, Tad

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==

=== Saurashtra State ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Member
! colspan="2"| Party
|-
| [[1952 Saurashtra Legislative Assembly election|1952]]
| Veru Suragbhai Kalubhai
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

=== Bombay State ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Member
! colspan="2"| Party
|-
| [[1957 Bombay Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
| [[Ratubhai Adani|Ratubhai Mulshankar Adani]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

=== Gujarat State ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Member
! colspan="2"| Party
|-
| [[1962 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| [[Ratubhai Adani|Ratubhai Mulshankar Adani]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
| [[1967 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| P. J. Oza
|-
| [[1972 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| [[Ratubhai Adani|Ratubhai Mulshankar Adani]]
|-
| [[1975 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|1975]]
|Rasikchandra Devshanker Acharya
| {{Full party name with color|Socialist Party (India)}}
|-
| [[1980 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
| rowspan="2"| Ukabhai Sidibhai Zala
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)|dab=yes}}
|-
| [[1985 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1990 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
|rowspan="4"| [[Punjabhai Vansh]]
| {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
| [[1995 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
| [[1998 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|1998]]
|-
| [[2002 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2002]]
|-
| [[2007 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2007]]
| [[Kalubhai Rathod]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[2012 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Punjabhai Vansh]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2017 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2017]]<ref name=election2017/>
|-
| [[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| [[Kalubhai Rathod]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|}

== Election results ==

=== 2022 ===

<section begin="Assembly Election 2022"/>
{{Election box begin
| title = [[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|Gujarat Assembly election, 2022]]: Una, Gujarat Assembly constituency<ref name="Gujarat Elections ECI">{{Cite web |title=Gujarat Legislative Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/72-gujarat/ |website=Election Commission of India |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 January 2023 |title=Gujarat General Legislative Election 2022|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14750-gujarat-general-legislative-election-2022/|website=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
| candidate = [[Kalubhai Rathod|Kalubhai Chanabhai Rathod]]
| party = Bharatiya Janata Party
| votes = 95,860
| percentage = 56.46
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = [[Punjabhai Vansh| Punjabhai Bhimabhai Vansh]]
| party = Indian National Congress
| votes = 52,334
| percentage = 30.83
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = Sejalben Mansukhbhai Khunt
| party = Aam Aadmi Party
| votes = 12,922
| percentage = 7.61
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = Ishwar Rambhai Solanki
| party = Right to Recall Party
| votes = 1,078
| percentage = 0.63
| change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = [[None of the above]]
| party = None of the above
| votes = 3,092
| percentage = 1.82
| change =
}}
{{Election box majority
| votes =
| percentage = 25.63
| change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
| votes =
| percentage =
| change =
}}
{{Election box registered electors
| reg. electors = {{Formatnum:263385}}
| ref =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
| winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
| loser = Indian National Congress
| swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
<section end="Assembly Election 2022"/>

=== 2017 ===

{{Election box begin
| title = [[2017 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|Gujarat Legislative Assembly Election, 2017]]: Una<ref name=election2017>{{Cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3841-gujarat-general-legislative-election-2017/ |title=Gujarat General Legislative Election 2017 |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date= 11 July 2021}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
| candidate = [[Punjabhai Vansh]]
| party = Indian National Congress
| votes = 72,775
| percentage = 48.56
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = Haribhai Boghabhai Solanki
| party = Bharatiya Janata Party
| votes = 67,847
| percentage = 45.27
| change =
}}
{{Election box majority
| votes =
| percentage = 3.29
| change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
| votes = 1,49,879
| percentage = 64.19
| change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
| winner = Indian National Congress
| loser =
| swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2012 ===

{{Election box begin
| title = [[2012 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|Gujarat Assembly Election, 2012]]
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
| candidate = [[Punjabhai Vansh]]
| party = Indian National Congress
| votes = 69,824
| percentage = 47.11
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = Kalubhai Rathod
| party = Bharatiya Janata Party
| votes = 62,317
| percentage = 42.05
| change =
}}
{{Election box majority
| votes = 7,507
| percentage = 5.07
| change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
| votes = 1,48,381
| percentage = 72.12
| change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
| winner = Indian National Congress
| loser = Bharatiya Janata Party
| swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

== See also ==

* [[List of constituencies of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{Cite web |title=Results of Gujarat Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/72-gujarat/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Gujarat|state=expanded}}
{{Gujarat elections|state=collapsed}}

{{Coord|20.82|71.04|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Gujarat]]
[[Category:Gir Somnath district]]
[[Category:Politics of Gujarat]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]

Nilesh Oak

2026-04-14T22:07:32Z

Ilushiklom: put up a page

{{Short description|Indian author}}
{{orphan|date=December 2025}}
{{use dmy dates|date=December 2025}}
{{use Indian English|date=December 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| image = Map of the Videha Kingdom with its capital city of Mithila.png
| caption = Map of the [[Videha]] Kingdom with its capital city of [[Mithila (ancient city)]]
| works = {{bulleted list|When Did The Mahabharata War Happen? The Mystery of Arundhati|The Historic Rama}}
}}
'''Nilesh Nilkanth Oak''' popularly known as '''Nilesh Oak''' is an Indian author and speaker who have presented his version of datings of Ramayana and Mahabharata.<ref>{{citation |title=Students must be inspired to learn history, says author Nilesh Nilkanth |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/education/students-must-be-inspired-to-learn-history-says-author-nilesh-nilkanth-1830549 |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=16 October 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Orange City Lit Fest unfolds with ideas & cultural buzz |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/orange-city-lit-fest-unfolds-with-ideas-cultural-buzz/articleshow/125494248.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=22 November 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Atul, Arundhati to inaugurate 6th Orange City Literature Festival today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/6th-orange-city-literature-festival-kicks-off-in-nagpur-with-renowned-speakers/articleshow/115538802.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=21 November 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Book Review - Mahabharata Manthan: A story of tangible and intangible heritage
|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/books-education/book-review-mahabharata-manthan-story-of-tangible-intangible-heritage-1502739207.html |work=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |date=17 March 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=RSS' Sunil Ambekar to inaugurate 7th edition of OCLF today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/rss-sunil-ambekar-to-inaugurate-7th-edition-of-oclf-today/articleshow/125471473.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=21 November 2025 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{citation |last=Oak |first=Nilesh |title=When Did The Mahabharata War Happen? The Mystery of Arundhati |url={{Google books|id=g0XfngEACAAJ|plainurl=yes}} |year=2011 }}
* {{citation |last=Oak |first=Nilesh |title=The Historic Rama |url={{Google books|id=2AHZnQEACAAJ|plainurl=yes}} |year=2014 }}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian writers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Fringe theories]]

{{India-historian-stub}}

Ranibennur Assembly constituency

2026-04-14T03:33:03Z

Ilushiklom: put up data

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Karnataka State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Ranebennur
| state = [[Karnataka]]
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 87
| map_image = 87-Ranibennur constituency.svg
| district = [[Haveri district|Haveri]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Haveri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Haveri]]
| established = 1951
| reservation = None
| electors = {{formatnum:237234}}<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/15163-karnataka-2023/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2023 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in |access-date=24 July 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{update after|2028|7}}
| mla = [[Prakash Koliwad]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| preceded_by = Arunkumar Guththur
}}

'''Ranebennur Assembly constituency''' is one of the 224 [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Karnataka]] in [[India]].<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3931-delimitation-of-parliamentary-assembly-constituencies-order-2008/ |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies Order - 2008 |website=Election Commission of India |date=26 November 2008 |accessdate= 12 February 2021}}</ref><ref name=14assemblymemberslist>{{cite web |url=http://kla.kar.nic.in/assembly/member/14assemblymemberslist.htm |title=Fourteenth Karnataka Legislative Assembly |website=kla.kar.nic.in |publisher=[[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]] |accessdate= 3 February 2021}}</ref>

It is part of [[Haveri district]]. [[Prakash Koliwad]] is the current MLA from Ranebennur.

==Members of the Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| bgcolor="#FFB2B2" | [[1952 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election|1952]] || rowspan="2" | Kallanagouda Fakirgouda Patil || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=4}}
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" rowspan="2" | [[1957 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
|-
| Sambrani Yallawwa W/o Dharmappa
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1962 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || Yallawa Dharmappa Sambrani
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || B. N. Lingappa || {{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || [[K. B. Koliwad]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1978 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1978]] || Nalawagal Somalingappa Hanumantappa || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)}}
|-
| [[1983 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1983]] || Patil Basanagouda Guranagouda || {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
| [[1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || rowspan="2" | [[K. B. Koliwad]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1989 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1989]]
|-
| [[1994 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1994]] || Karjagi Veerappa Sannatammappa || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
| [[1999 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1999]] || [[K. B. Koliwad]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2004]] || rowspan="2" | G. Shivanna || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2008]]
|-
| [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2013]] || [[K. B. Koliwad]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]] || [[R. Shankar (politician)|R. Shankar]] || {{Full party name with color|Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party}}
|-
| [[2019 elections in India#Karnataka|2019 By-election]] {{efn|Disqualified by the Hon'ble Speaker under the 10th Schedule of the Constitution with effect from 25/07/2019}} || Arunkumar Guttur || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]] || [[Prakash Koliwad]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}
{{notelist}}

==Election results==
=== Assembly Election 2023 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref name=election2023/><ref name="Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Ranibennur">{{cite news |title=Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Ranibennur |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS1087.htm?ac=87 |access-date=28 April 2025 |work= |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428152403/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS1087.htm?ac=87 |archive-date=28 April 2025}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Prakash Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 71,830 |percentage = 37.21% |change = {{decrease}}5.19 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Arunkumar Guttur |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 62,030 |percentage = 32.14% |change = {{decrease}}23.90 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[R. Shankar (politician)|R. Shankar]] |party = Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 37,559 |percentage = 19.46% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Santoshkumar Patil |party = Independent politician |votes = 11,395 |percentage = 5.90% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Manjunath Gowda Shivannanavar |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 5,840 |percentage = 3.03% |change = {{increase}}2.46 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,584 |percentage = 0.82% |change = {{decrease}}0.12 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 9,800 |percentage = 5.08% |change = {{decrease}}8.56 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 193,177 |percentage = 81.43% |change = {{increase}}7.56 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 193,020}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 237,234 |ref = |change = {{increase}}1.67 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}18.83 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly By-election 2019 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2019 elections in India#Karnataka|2019 Karnataka Legislative Assembly by-election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/statistical-report/detailed-bye-election-results/ |title=Bye-Election Results - Election Commission of India |access-date=21 December 2025 |website=old.eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Arunkumar Guttur |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 95,438 |percentage = 56.04% |change = {{increase}}28.73 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 72,216 |percentage = 42.40% |change = {{increase}}9.18 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,608 |percentage = 0.94% |change = {{increase}}0.15 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 23,222 |percentage = 13.64% |change = {{increase}}11.22 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 172,358 |percentage = 73.87% |change = {{decrease}}4.04 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 170,303}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 233,326 |ref = |change = {{increase}}1.29 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party |swing = {{increase}}20.40 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2018 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref name=election2018>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/6933-karnataka-2018/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2018 |website=Election Commission of India |accessdate= 4 February 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[R. Shankar (politician)|R. Shankar]] |party = Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party |votes = 63,910 |percentage = 35.64% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Krishnappa Koliwad S/o Bheemappa Koliwad |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 59,572 |percentage = 33.22% |change = {{decrease}}13.10 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Basavaraj Dr. Kelagar |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 48,973 |percentage = 27.31% |change = {{increase}}19.15 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,420 |percentage = 0.79% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Rukmani Sawkar |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,226 |percentage = 0.68% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shripad Sawkar |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 1,219 |percentage = 0.68% |change = {{decrease}}11.50 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 4,338 |percentage = 2.42% |change = {{decrease}}3.43 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 179,475 |percentage = 77.91% |change = {{decrease}}1.40 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 179,321}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 230,349 |ref = |change = {{increase}}14.72 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}10.68 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2013 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2013 : To the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |website=eci.nic.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=2014-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220034253/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 53,780 |percentage = 46.32% |change = {{increase}}1.20 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[R. Shankar (politician)|R. Shankar]] |party = Independent politician |votes = 46,992 |percentage = 40.48% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. Shivanna |party = Karnataka Janata Paksha |votes = 26,570 |percentage = 22.89% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Manjunath Gowda Shivannanavar |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 14,146 |percentage = 12.18% |change = {{increase}}9.22 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Arunkumar Pujar |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 9,476 |percentage = 8.16% |change = {{decrease}}39.13 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Hanumantappa. D. Kabbar |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,975 |percentage = 2.56% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Basappa Puttappa Banakar |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,053 |percentage = 0.91% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gurulingappagowdra Umesh Mahadevappa |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 944 |percentage = 0.81% |change = {{decrease}}0.30 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 6,788 |percentage = 5.85% |change = {{increase}}3.67 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 159,241 |percentage = 79.31% |change = {{increase}}9.38 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 116,099}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 200,789 |ref = |change = {{increase}}11.76 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}0.97 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2008 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web |title=General Election Karnataka Legislative Assembly 2008 Election Statistics |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |publisher=Government of Karnataka |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201232433/https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = G. Shivanna |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 59,399 |percentage = 47.29% |change = {{decrease}}1.99 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 56,667 |percentage = 45.12% |change = {{increase}}9.72 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ramalingannanavar. S. S |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 3,720 |percentage = 2.96% |change = {{decrease}}8.37 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ramachandrappa Guddappa Billal |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,208 |percentage = 1.76% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. B. G. Patil |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,388 |percentage = 1.11% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kotresh. R. Meharwade |party = Janata Dal (United) |votes = 828 |percentage = 0.66% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,732 |percentage = 2.18% |change = {{decrease}}11.70 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 125,634 |percentage = 69.93% |change = {{decrease}}1.25 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 125,603}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 179,660 |ref = |change = {{increase}}10.16 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}1.99 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2004 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2004 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2004/StatisticalReports_KT_2004.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006204912/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2004/StatisticalReports_KT_2004.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = G. Shivanna |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 57,123 |percentage = 49.28% |change = {{increase}}48.11 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 41,037 |percentage = 35.40% |change = {{decrease}}14.83 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kambli Kubeerappa Puttappa |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 13,135 |percentage = 11.33% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Rajanna P. Pawar |party = Janata Party |votes = 1,644 |percentage = 1.42% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kotresh. R. Meharwade |party = Urs Samyuktha Paksha |votes = 901 |percentage = 0.78% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Hande Mohan |party = Independent politician |votes = 849 |percentage = 0.73% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 16,086 |percentage = 13.88% |change = {{increase}}8.46 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 116,083 |percentage = 71.18% |change = {{increase}}1.11 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 115,920}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 163,087 |ref = |change = {{increase}}9.16 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}0.95 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1999 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1999 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-KT99.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006053217/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-KT99.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 50,958 |percentage = 50.23% |change = {{increase}}19.71 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Tilavalli Shivanna Gurappa |party = Janata Dal (United) |votes = 45,460 |percentage = 44.81% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Karur Maradeppa Mallappa |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,827 |percentage = 1.80% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = K. Shivalingappa |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 1,188 |percentage = 1.17% |change = {{decrease}}4.89 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sanghavi Dayalal Premachand |party = Samajwadi Party |votes = 765 |percentage = 0.75% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Pujar Ningappa Bharamappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 686 |percentage = 0.68% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 5,498 |percentage = 5.42% |change = {{decrease}}20.82 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 104,680 |percentage = 70.07% |change = {{increase}}0.10 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 101,441}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 3,226 |percentage = 3.08% |change = {{increase}}1.10 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 149,397 |ref = |change = {{increase}}9.51 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Janata Dal |swing = {{decrease}}6.53 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1994 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1994 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1994 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StatisticalReport-KT94.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006211324/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StatisticalReport-KT94.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Karjagi Veerappa Sannatammappa |party = Janata Dal |votes = 53,080 |percentage = 56.76% |change = {{increase}}10.69 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 28,542 |percentage = 30.52% |change = {{decrease}}18.84 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Bidari Fakkirappa Kariyappa |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 5,663 |percentage = 6.06% |change = {{increase}}5.19 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Hande Mohan Revanasiddappa |party = Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee |votes = 3,735 |percentage = 3.99% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Patil Ajjanagouda Basanagooda |party = Janata Party |votes = 1,060 |percentage = 1.13% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 24,538 |percentage = 26.24% |change = {{increase}}22.95 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 95,452 |percentage = 69.97% |change = {{decrease}}2.88 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 93,524}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,892 |percentage = 1.98% |change = {{decrease}}2.57 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 136,417 |ref = |change = {{increase}}8.31 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Janata Dal |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}7.40 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1989 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1989 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1989 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20karnataka%201989.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007070737/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20karnataka%201989.pdf|archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 43,228 |percentage = 49.36% |change = {{increase}}5.84 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Karjagi Veerappa Sannatammappa |party = Janata Dal |votes = 40,350 |percentage = 46.07% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Koradhanyamath Kallayya Nagayya |party = Janata Party |votes = 1,857 |percentage = 2.12% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kottur Tejappa Hanamappa |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 765 |percentage = 0.87% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,878 |percentage = 3.29% |change = {{increase}}2.82 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 91,751 |percentage = 72.85% |change = {{decrease}}0.21 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 87,579}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 4,172 |percentage = 4.55% |change = {{increase}}2.86 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 125,945 |ref = |change = {{increase}}18.24 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}5.84 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1985 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201985.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006143216/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201985.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 33,296 |percentage = 43.52% |change = {{increase}}25.67 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Patil Basanagouda Guranagouda |party = Janata Party |votes = 32,939 |percentage = 43.05% |change = {{decrease}}11.36 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Karur Maradeppa Mallappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 9,248 |percentage = 12.09% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kottur Telappa Hanumantapa |party = Independent politician |votes = 502 |percentage = 0.66% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 357 |percentage = 0.47% |change = {{decrease}}34.05 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 77,821 |percentage = 73.06% |change = {{decrease}}0.06 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 76,505}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,316 |percentage = 1.69% |change = {{decrease}}1.02 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 106,512 |ref = |change = {{increase}}13.27 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}10.89 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1983 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1983 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20Report%201983%20karnatkaa.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007124742/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20Report%201983%20karnatkaa.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Patil Basanagouda Guranagouda |party = Janata Party |votes = 36,395 |percentage = 54.41% |change = {{increase}}12.23 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Karur Maradeppa Mallappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 13,302 |percentage = 19.88% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Talawar. B. G |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 11,941 |percentage = 17.85% |change = {{increase}}3.89 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Chudamani Basappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 4,225 |percentage = 6.32% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 23,093 |percentage = 34.52% |change = {{increase}}33.19 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 68,755 |percentage = 73.12% |change = {{decrease}}2.18 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 66,895}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,860 |percentage = 2.71% |change = {{increase}}0.10 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 94,031 |ref = |change = {{increase}}16.86 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress (I) |swing = {{increase}}10.90 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1978 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1978 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201978.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007164123/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201978.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Nalawagal Somalingappa Hanumantappa |party = Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 25,675 |percentage = 43.51% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Patil Basanagouda Guranagouda |party = Janata Party |votes = 24,892 |percentage = 42.18% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 8,238 |percentage = 13.96% |change = {{decrease}}47.04 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 783 |percentage = 1.33% |change = {{decrease}}23.24 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 60,592 |percentage = 75.30% |change = {{increase}}2.45 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 59,008}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,584 |percentage = 2.61% |change = {{increase}}2.61 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 80,463 |ref = |change = {{increase}}21.93 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress (I) |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}17.49 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006074555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[K. B. Koliwad]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 28,540 |percentage = 61.00% |change = {{increase}}24.14 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. C. Patil |party = Indian National Congress (Organisation) |votes = 17,043 |percentage = 36.43% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = J. M. Channabasappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 703 |percentage = 1.50% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. H. Hallimall Gauda |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 503 |percentage = 1.08% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 11,497 |percentage = 24.57% |change = {{decrease}}0.28 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 48,072 |percentage = 72.85% |change = {{increase}}1.26 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 46,789}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 65,990 |ref = |change = {{increase}}9.45 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Praja Socialist Party |swing = {{decrease}}0.71 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006083645/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = B. N. Lingappa |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 25,550 |percentage = 61.71% |change = {{increase}}22.30 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. B. Uliweppa |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 15,262 |percentage = 36.86% |change = {{decrease}}21.70 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = T. K. Santavva |party = Independent politician |votes = 593 |percentage = 1.43% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 10,288 |percentage = 24.85% |change = {{increase}}5.70 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 43,159 |percentage = 71.59% |change = {{increase}}6.19 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 41,405}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 60,290 |ref = |change = {{increase}}18.37 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Praja Socialist Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}3.15 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1962 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1962 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Mysore_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006093153/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Mysore_1962.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Yallawa Dharmappa Sambrani |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 18,715 |percentage = 58.56% |change = {{decrease}}7.43 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Yallappa Venkapa Jogannowar |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 12,596 |percentage = 39.41% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Basavannappa Mallappa Chalawadi |party = Swatantra Party |votes = 650 |percentage = 2.03% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 6,119 |percentage = 19.15% |change = {{increase}}4.33 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 33,308 |percentage = 65.40% |change = {{increase}}8.06 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 31,961}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 50,932 |ref = |change = {{decrease}}38.74 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}22.97 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1957 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1957 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Mysore_1957.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111195053/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Mysore_1957.pdf |archive-date=11 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Kallanagouda Fakirgouda Patil |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 33,937 |percentage = 35.59% |change = {{decrease}}34.69 }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Sambrani Yallawwa W/o Dharmappa |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 28,988 |percentage = 30.40% |change = {{decrease}}39.88 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Madapurmath Panchazarayya Puttayya |party = Independent politician |votes = 19,804 |percentage = 20.77% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gabbur Mallappa Shettappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 12,624 |percentage = 13.24% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 14,133 |percentage = 14.82% |change = {{decrease}}29.41 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 95,353 |percentage = 57.34% |change = {{decrease}}11.76 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 95,353}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 83,147 |ref = |change = {{increase}}49.84 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}34.69 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1952 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1952 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Ranibennur <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1951 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatReport_51_BOMBAY.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114083220/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatReport_51_BOMBAY.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Kallanagouda Fakirgouda Patil |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 26,946 |percentage = 70.28% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kulkarni, Hanmantrao Chikko |party = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party |votes = 9,986 |percentage = 26.04% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Patil, Ramsing Peerappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,410 |percentage = 3.68% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 16,960 |percentage = 44.23% |change = }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 38,342 |percentage = 69.10% |change = }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 38,342}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 55,491 |ref = |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Haveri district]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Karnataka}}

{{coord|14.62|75.63|display=title}}

[[Category:Haveri district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Politics of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in Mysore State]]

Tangella Uday Srinivas

2026-04-12T14:43:18Z

Ilushiklom: started a data - done

{{Short description|Indian politician and businessman}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Tangella Uday Srinivas
| office = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| term_start = 4 June 2024
| constituency = [[Kakinada Lok Sabha constituency]]
| predecessor = [[Vanga Geetha]]
| party = [[Janasena Party]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1985|05|13|df=y}}
| occupation = [[Politician]]
| profession = [[Organizational founder|Founder]] of [https://teatimegroup.com/ Tea Time]
& [https://kanchicafe.com/ Kanchi Cafe]
| image =
}}
'''Tangella Uday Srinivas''' is an Indian politician and the elected candidate for [[Lok Sabha]] from [[Kakinada Lok Sabha constituency]].since 2024 <ref name="eci">{{Cite web |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S016.htm |title=Election Commission of India |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=results.eci.gov.in |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-elections/andhra-pradesh/kakinada/candidateshow/tangella-uday-srinivas-4056 |title=Tangella Uday Srinivas, Janasena Party Representative for Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh |publisher=[[Times of India]] |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref> He is a member of the [[Jana Sena Party]].<ref name="eci"/><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ndtv.com/elections/lok-sabha-election-candidates-2024/tangella-uday-srinivas-(tea-time-uday)-01006-8 |title=JNP Election Results LIVE: Latest Updates On Tangella Uday Srinivas (Tea Time Uday) |publisher=[[NDTV]] |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref><ref name="280 elected for first time to Lok Sabha, 52 per cent of total strength">{{cite news|last1=The Economic Times|title=280 elected for first time to Lok Sabha, 52 per cent of total strength|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/280-elected-for-first-time-to-lok-sabha-52-per-cent-of-total-strength/articleshow/110770085.cms|accessdate=7 June 2024|date=6 June 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607190820/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/280-elected-for-first-time-to-lok-sabha-52-per-cent-of-total-strength/articleshow/110770085.cms|archivedate=7 June 2024}}</ref><ref name="Businessmen {{!}} In august company">{{cite news |last1=India Today |date=13 July 2024 |title=Businessmen {{!}} In august company |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/18th-lok-sabha-the-debutants/story/20240722-businessmen-in-august-company-2565840-2024-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807175452/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/18th-lok-sabha-the-debutants/story/20240722-businessmen-in-august-company-2565840-2024-07-13 |archive-date=7 August 2024 |access-date=7 August 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|India|Politics}}
*[[18th Lok Sabha]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Jana Sena Party politicians]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:India MPs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:1985 births]]

{{AndhraPradesh-JSP-politician-stub}}

Gaitri Issar Kumar

2026-04-09T04:05:16Z

Ilushiklom: Stub!

{{short description|Indian diplomat and current High Commissioner of India to the United Kingdom}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image = Gaitri Issar Kumar (2010).jpg
| caption =
| office = [[List of High Commissioners of India to the United Kingdom|High Commissioner of India to the United Kingdom]]
| term_start = 23 June 2020
| term_end = 30 June 2022
| predecessor = [[Ruchi Ghanashyam]]
| successor = [[Vikram Doraiswami]]
| office1 = Ambassador of India to Belgium and the EU
| term_start1 = 17 April 2017
| term_end1 = June 2020
| predecessor1 = [[Manjeev Singh Puri]]
| successor1 = Santosh Jha
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1962|06|20|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]], India
| occupation = [[Indian Foreign Service]]
| children =
| party =
| alma_mater =
| profession =
| spouse =
| sibling =
| website =
| honorific_suffix = [[Indian Foreign Service|IFS]]
| honorific_prefix = [[Her Excellency]]
}}

'''Gaitri Issar Kumar''' (born 20 June 1962) is a retired [[Indian Foreign Service]] officer from the 1986 batch. Her last posting was as the [[High Commissioner of India to the United Kingdom]]. Prior to that, she served as Ambassador to [[Belgium]], the [[European Union]] and [[Luxembourg]]. She also had stints as the Deputy Chief of Mission at the Indian Embassy in Paris, and Counselor in the Permanent Mission of India in Geneva as well as at the [[Ministry_of_External_Affairs_(India)|Ministry of External Affairs]] in Delhi.

==Early life and education==
Kumar was born on 20 June 1962 in [[Bangalore]] to a Punjabi family. She completed her early education at [[Sophia High School]] and her graduation from [[Bangalore University]] where she studied history, economics and political science.{{cn|date=December 2022}}

==Professional career==
She joined the [[Indian Foreign Service]] as part of the 1986 batch of officers . After serving in several roles, including as the social secretary to the President of India in 2012,<ref name="CivilList">{{cite report|title=Civil List of the Indian Foreign Service|publisher=[[Indian Foreign Service]]|date=1 April 2013|url=https://mea.gov.in/writereaddata/images/Civi_List_27-7-12.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422070724/https://mea.gov.in/writereaddata/images/Civi_List_27-7-12.pdf|archive-date=22 April 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="HCILondon">{{cite web|accessdate=2020-11-10|title=High Commissioner|url=https://www.hcilondon.gov.in/page/amb-profile/|publisher=[[India House, London|High Commission of India, London]]}}</ref> Kumar was appointed Ambassador to Belgium and the European Union on 14 June 2017.<ref>{{cite news|date=14 June 2017|accessdate=2020-11-10|title=India appoints envoys to Italy, Denmark, Belgium, EU|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/india-appoints-envoys-to-italy-denmark-belgium-eu-42231|work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]}}</ref> After the retirement of her predecessor [[Ruchi Ghanashyam]], Kumar became the High Commissioner in London in June 2020.<ref>{{cite magazine|accessdate=2020-11-10|title=New Indian High Commissioner Gaitri Kumar arrives in the UK|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/new-indian-high-commissioner-gaitri-kumar-arrives-in-the-uk/1875356|magazine=[[Outlook India]]}}</ref> As High Commissioner, Kumar prioritized deepening Indo-UK ties and trade post-Brexit.<ref>{{cite magazine|agency=[[Asian News International|ANI]]|accessdate=2020-11-10|title=UK, India need very clear roadmap to strengthen ties, says High Commissioner Gaitri Kumar|url=http://businessworld.in/article/UK-India-need-very-clear-roadmap-to-strengthen-ties-says-High-Commissioner-Gaitri-Kumar/10-07-2020-296046|magazine=[[Businessworld]]}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumar, Gaitri Issar}}
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:High commissioners of India to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of India to Belgium]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of India to Luxembourg]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of India to the European Union]]
[[Category:Women ambassadors of India]]

{{India-diplomat-stub}}

K. K. Balasubramanian

2026-04-07T21:29:46Z

Ilushiklom: made basic post from scratch

{{Infobox officeholder
| name = K. K. Balasubramanian
| image =
| image size =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| office1 = Member-Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
| constituency1 = [[Srirangam Assembly constituency|Srirangam]]
| term_start1 = 2001
| term_end1 = 2006
| predecessor1 = [[T. P. Mayavan]]
| successor1 = [[M. Paranjothi]]
| office2 =
| constituency2 =
| term_start2 =
| term_end2 =
| successor2 =
| term_start3 =
| term_end3 =
| term_start4 =
| term_end4 =
| party = [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| spouse =
| alma_mater =
| relations =
| children =
| profession = Politician
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
| website =
}}

'''K. K. Balasubramanian''' is an [[Indian politician]] and former member [[Tamil Nadu]] Assembly. He served as a former minister of Tamil Nadu and was the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|AIADMK]] district secretary for the [[Tiruchirappalli]] suburban district. He was elected as a Member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the [[Srirangam Assembly constituency|Srirangam constituency]] in the [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2001]] elections, where he ran as a candidate for the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (AIADMK) party.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/srirangam-tamil-nadu-assembly-constituency|title=Srirangam Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency|website=resultuniversity.com|accessdate=Sep 14, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=|url=https://nammatrichyonline.com/trichy-mgr-always-wanted/|title=எம்.ஜி.ஆர் எப்போதும் விரும்பும் திருச்சி|location=|publisher=நம்ம திருச்சி இதழ்|date=28 Nov 2016|page=|access-date=11 Sep 2019|archivedate=19 October 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181019202548/http://nammatrichyonline.com/trichy-mgr-always-wanted/}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor1-last= |url=https://www.dinamalar.com/Political_detail.asp?news_id=9277|title=திருவள்ளூர், பெரம்பலூர் அ.தி.மு.க., வேட்பாளர்கள் திடீர் மாற்றம் ஏன்?|location= |publisher= தினமலர்|date=12 April 2009|page=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor1-last= |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/man-dies-in-accident-former-minister-injured/article8401537.ece|title=Man dies in accident, former Minister injured|location= |publisher= The Hindu |date= 27 March 2016|page=}}</ref>

==Electoral performance==
===2001===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Srirangam<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India|title = Statistical Report on General Election 2001|url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf|date = 12 May 2001 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006173934/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=K. K. Balasubramanian |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=72,993 |percentage=53.07% |change=+20.02 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Soundarapandian |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=60,317 |percentage=43.86% |change=+41.92 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Prasanna Venkatesan |party=Independent politician |votes=1,694 |percentage=1.23% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=J. Paul Felominraj Easu |party=Independent politician |votes=1,042 |percentage=0.76% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Anbuselvan |party=Independent politician |votes=941 |percentage=0.68% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=12,676 |percentage=9.22% |change= -13.47% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=137,531 |percentage=57.87% |change= -11.06% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 237,683 |change = }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -2.67% }}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam politicians]]
[[Category:Tamil Nadu MLAs 2001–2006]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]

{{TamilNadu-politician-stub}}
{{AIADMK-politician-stub}}

16th Madhya Pradesh Assembly

2026-04-03T17:28:54Z

Ilushiklom: added entry

{{short description|Sixteenth Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox legislative term
| name = 16th Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
| before = [[15th Madhya Pradesh Assembly|15th Assembly]]
| after = 
| image =
| image_size = 300
| caption =
| body = [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| election = [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]
| government = [[Mohan Yadav ministry]]
| opposition = [[Indian National Congress]]
| term_start = 3 December 2023
| term_end = Present
| website = {{URL|https://www.mpvidhansabha.nic.in|Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly}}
| membership1 = '''230'''
| control1 =
| chamber1_leader1_type = [[List of speakers of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Speaker]]
| chamber1_leader1 = [[Narendra Singh Tomar]]
| chamber1_leader2_type = [[List of chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh|Leader of the House]]
| chamber1_leader2 = [[Mohan Yadav]]
| chamber1_leader4_type = [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Leader of the Opposition]]
| chamber1_leader4 = [[Umang Singhar]]
| chamber1_leader5_type = Chief Whip
| chamber1_leader6_type = Minister of Parliamentary affairs
| chamber1_leader3_type = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh|Deputy CM]]
| chamber1_leader3 = Jagdish Devda & Rajendra Shukla, BJP}}
The '''Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh''' was constituted after the [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election]] which were concluded in November 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Madhya Pradesh election 2023 dates, full schedule, result: All you need to know|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/madhya-pradesh-assembly-polls-2023/story/madhya-pradesh-assembly-election-dates-counting-of-votes-poll-schedule-2446397-2023-10-09|website=India Today|language=en|date=9 October 2023}}</ref> The results was declared on 3 December 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Madhya Pradesh To Vote In Single Phase On November 17, Result On December 3|url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/mp-election-2023-dates-madhya-pradesh-assembly-elections-2023-full-schedule-voting-counting-result-date-1633554|website=ABP LIVE|language=en|date=9 October 2023}}</ref>

==Members of Legislative Assembly==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!rowspan="2"|District
!colspan="2"|Constituency
! colspan="3" |Member of Legislative Assembly<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ex-359 |url=https://govtpressmp.nic.in/pdf/extra/2023-12-04-Ex-359.pdf}}</ref>
! rowspan="2" |Remarks
|-
!No.
!Name
!colspan="2"|Party
!Member
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Sheopur district|Sheopur]]
!1
|[[Sheopur Assembly constituency|Sheopur]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Babu Jandel]]
|
|-
!Rowspan=2|2
|Rowspan=2|[[Vijaypur, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Vijaypur]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|[[Ramnivas Rawat]]
|Resigned on 8 July 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/in-big-blow-for-congress-in-madhya-pradesh-6-time-mla-ramniwas-rawat-joins-bjp-5556522|title=In Big Blow For Congress In Madhya Pradesh, 6-Time MLA Joins BJP|work=NDTV|accessdate=30 April 2024}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mukesh Malhotra]]
|Elected on 23 November 2024
|-
|rowspan="6"|[[Morena district|Morena]]
!3
|[[Sabalgarh Assembly constituency|Sabalgarh]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Sarla Vijendra Rawat]]
|
|-
!4
|[[Joura Assembly constituency|Joura]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Pankaj Upadhyay]]
|
|-
!5
|[[Sumawali Assembly constituency|Sumawali]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Adal Singh Kansana]]
|
|-
!6
|[[Morena Assembly constituency|Morena]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Dinesh Gurjar]]
|
|-
!7
|[[Dimani Assembly constituency|Dimani]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Narendra Singh Tomar]]
|Speaker
|-
!8
|[[Ambah Assembly constituency|Ambah (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Devendra Sakhwar]]
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|[[Bhind district|Bhind]]
!9
|[[Ater Assembly constituency|Ater]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Hemant Katare]]
|Deputy Leader of Opposition
|-
!10
|[[Bhind Assembly constituency|Bhind]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Narendra Singh Kushwah]]
|
|-
!11
|[[Lahar Assembly constituency|Lahar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Ambrish Sharma]]
|
|-
!12
|[[Mehgaon Assembly constituency|Mehgaon]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rakesh Shukla (politician)|Rakesh Shukla]]
|
|-
!13
|[[Gohad Assembly constituency|Gohad (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Keshav Desai]]
|
|-
|rowspan="6"|[[Gwalior district|Gwalior]]
!14
|[[Gwalior Rural Assembly constituency|Gwalior Rural]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Sahab Singh Gurjar]]
|
|-
!15
|[[Gwalior Assembly constituency|Gwalior]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Pradhuman Singh Tomar]]
|
|-
!16
|[[Gwalior East Assembly constituency|Gwalior East]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Satish Sikarwar]]
|
|-
!17
|[[Gwalior South Assembly constituency|Gwalior South]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Narayan Singh Kushwah]]
|
|-
!18
|[[Bhitarwar Assembly constituency|Bhitarwar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Mohan Singh Rathore]]
|
|-
!19
|[[Dabra Assembly constituency|Dabra (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Suresh Raje]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Datia district|Datia]]
!20
|[[Sewda Assembly constituency|Sewda]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Pradeep Agrawal]]
|
|-
!21
|[[Bhander Assembly constituency|Bhander (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Phool Singh Baraiya]]
|
|-
!22
|[[Datia Assembly constituency|Datia]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Rajendra Bharti]]
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|[[Shivpuri district|Shivpuri]]
!23
|[[Karera Assembly constituency|Karera (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Ramesh Prasad Khatik]]
|
|-
!24
|[[Pohari Assembly constituency|Pohari]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Kailash Kushwah]]
|
|-
!25
|[[Shivpuri Assembly constituency|Shivpuri]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Devendra Kumar Jain]]
|
|-
!26
|[[Pichhore Assembly constituency|Pichhore]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Preetam Lodhi]]
|
|-
!27
|[[Kolaras Assembly constituency|Kolaras]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Mahendra Singh Yadav]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Guna district|Guna]]
!28
|[[Bamori Assembly constituency|Bamori]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Rishi Agrawal|Rishi Agarwal]]
|
|-
!29
|[[Guna Assembly constituency|Guna (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Panna Lal Shakya]]
|
|-
!30
|[[Chachoura Assembly constituency|Chachoura]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Priyanka Penchi]]
|
|-
!31
|[[Raghogarh Assembly constituency|Raghogarh]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Jaivardhan Singh]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Ashoknagar district|Ashoknagar]]
!32
|[[Ashok Nagar Assembly constituency|Ashok Nagar (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Haribaboo Rai]]
|
|-
!33
|[[Chanderi Assembly constituency|Chanderi]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Jagannath Singh Raghuwanshi]]
|
|-
!34
|[[Mungaoli Assembly constituency|Mungaoli]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Brajendra Singh Yadav]]
|
|-
|rowspan="8"|[[Sagar district|Sagar]]
!35
|[[Bina Assembly constituency|Bina (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Nirmla Sapre]]
|Defected to [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] in May 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/madhya-pradesh/sagar/mp-news-another-blow-to-congress-in-madhya-pradesh-bina-mla-nirmala-sapre-joins-bjp-in-sagar-2024-05-05|title=MP News: Another blow to Congress in Madhya Pradesh, Bina MLA Nirmala joins BJP|work=Amar Ujala|accessdate=5 May 2024|language=hi}}</ref>
|-
!36
|[[Khurai, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Khurai]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bhupendra Singh (Madhya Pradesh politician)|Bhupendra Singh]]
|
|-
!37
|[[Surkhi Assembly constituency|Surkhi]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Govind Singh Rajput]]
|
|-
!38
|[[Deori Assembly constituency|Deori]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Brijbihari Pateriya]]
|
|-
!39
|[[Rehli Assembly constituency|Rehli]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Gopal Bhargava]]
|
|-
!40
|[[Naryoli Assembly constituency|Naryoli]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Pradeep Lariya]]
|
|-
!41
|[[Sagar, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Sagar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Shailendra Kumar Jain]]
|
|-
!42
|[[Banda, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Banda]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Veerendra Singh Lodhi]]
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Tikamgarh district|Tikamgarh]]
!43
|[[Tikamgarh Assembly constituency|Tikamgarh]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Yadvendra Singh]]
|
|-
!44
|[[Jatara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jatara (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Harishankar Khatik]]
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Niwari district|Niwari]]
!45
|[[Prithvipur Assembly constituency|Prithvipur]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Nitendra Singh Rathore]]
|
|-
!46
|[[Niwari Assembly constituency|Niwari]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Anil Jain (Madhya Pradesh politician)|Anil Jain]]
|
|-
|[[Tikamgarh district|Tikamgarh]]
!47
|[[Khargapur Assembly constituency|Khargapur]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Chanda Singh Gaur]]
|
|-
|rowspan="6"|[[Chhatarpur district|Chhatarpur]]
!48
|[[Maharajpur, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Maharajpur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Kamakhya Pratap Singh]]
|
|-
!49
|[[Chandla Assembly constituency|Chandla (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Dileep Ahirwar]]
|
|-
!50
|[[Rajnagar, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Rajnagar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Arvind Pateriya]]
|
|-
!51
|[[Chhatarpur, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Chhatarpur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Lalita Yadav]]
|
|-
!52
|[[Bijawar Assembly constituency|Bijawar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rajesh Kumar (Madhya Pradesh politician)|Rajesh Kumar Shukla]]
|
|-
!53
|[[Malhara Assembly constituency|Malhara]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Ramsiya Bharti]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Damoh district|Damoh]]
!54
|[[Pathariya Assembly constituency|Pathariya]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Lakhan Patel]]
|
|-
!55
|[[Damoh Assembly constituency|Damoh]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Jayant Malaiya]]
|
|-
!56
|[[Jabera Assembly constituency|Jabera]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Dharmendra Bhav Singh Lodhi]]
|
|-
!57
|[[Hatta Assembly constituency|Hatta (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Uma Devi Khatik]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Panna district|Panna]]
!58
|[[Pawai Assembly constituency|Pawai]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Prahlad Lodhi]]
|
|-
!59
|[[Gunnaor Assembly constituency|Gunnaor (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|Rajesh Kumar Verma
|
|-
!60
|[[Panna Assembly constituency|Panna]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Brijendra Pratap Singh]]
|
|-
|rowspan="7"|[[Satna district|Satna]]
!61
|[[Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Chitrakoot]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Surendra Singh Gaharwar]]
|
|-
!62
|[[Raigaon Assembly constituency|Raigaon (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Pratima Bagri]]
|
|-
!63
|[[Satna Assembly constituency|Satna]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Siddharth Sukhlal Kushwaha|Dabbu Siddharth Sukhlal Kushwah]]
|
|-
!64
|[[Nagod Assembly constituency|Nagod]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Nagendra Singh]]
|
|-
!65
|[[Maihar Assembly constituency|Maihar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Shrikant Chaturvedi]]
|
|-
!66
|[[Amarpatan Assembly constituency|Amarpatan]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Rajendra Kumar Singh]]
|
|-
!67
|[[Rampur-Baghelan Assembly constituency|Rampur-Baghelan]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Vikram Singh (Madhya Pradesh politician)|Vikram Singh]]
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Rewa district|Rewa]]
!68
|[[Sirmour Assembly constituency|Sirmour]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Divyaraj Singh]]
|
|-
!69
|[[Semariya Assembly constituency|Semariya]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Abhay Mishra]]
|
|-
!70
|[[Teonthar Assembly constituency|Teonthar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Siddharth Tiwari]]
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Mauganj district|Mauganj]]
!71
|[[Mauganj Assembly constituency|Mauganj]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Pradeep Patel]]
|
|-
!72
|[[Deotalab Assembly constituency|Deotalab]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Girish Gautam]]
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Rewa district|Rewa]]
!73
|[[Mangawan Assembly constituency|Mangawan (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Narendra Prajapati]]
|
|-
!74
|[[Rewa Assembly constituency|Rewa]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rajendra Shukla (politician)|Rajendra Shukla]]
|Deputy Chief Minister
|-
!75
|[[Gurh Assembly constituency|Gurh]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Nagendra Singh]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Sidhi district|Sidhi]]
!76
|[[Churhat Assembly constituency|Churhat]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Ajay Arjun Singh]]
|
|-
!77
|[[Sidhi Assembly constituency|Sidhi]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Riti Pathak]]
|
|-
!78
|[[Sihawal Assembly constituency|Sihawal]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Vishwamitra Pathak]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Singrauli district|Singrauli]]
!79
|[[Chitrangi Assembly constituency|Chitrangi (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Radha Ravindra Singh]]
|
|-
!80
|[[Singrauli Assembly constituency|Singrauli]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Ram Niwas Shah]]
|
|-
!81
|[[Devsar, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Devsar (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rajendra Meshram]]
|
|-
|[[Sidhi district|Sidhi]]
!82
|[[Dhauhani Assembly constituency|Dhauhani (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Kunwar Singh Tekam]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Shahdol district|Shahdol]]
!83
|[[Beohari Assembly constituency|Beohari (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Sharad Juglal Kol]]
|
|-
!84
|[[Jaisingnagar Assembly constituency|Jaisingnagar (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Manisha Singh (politician)|Manisha Singh]]
|
|-
!85
|[[Jaitpur Assembly constituency|Jaitpur (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Jaisingh Maravi]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Anuppur district|Anuppur]]
!86
|[[Kotma Assembly constituency|Kotma]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Dilip Jaiswal]]
|
|-
!87
|[[Anuppur Assembly constituency|Anuppur (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bisahulal Singh]]
|
|-
!88
|[[Pushprajgarh Assembly constituency|Pushprajgarh (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Phundelal Singh Marko|Phundelal Marko]]
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Umaria district|Umaria]]
!89
|[[Bandhavgarh Assembly constituency|Bandhavgarh (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Shivnarayan Singh|Shivnarayan Gyan Singh]]
|
|-
!90
|[[Manpur Assembly constituency|Manpur (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Meena Singh (Manpur politician)|Meena Singh]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Katni district|Katni]]
!91
|[[Barwara Assembly constituency|Barwara (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Dhirendra Bahadur Singh]]
|
|-
!92
|[[Vijayraghavgarh Assembly constituency|Vijayraghavgarh]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Sanjay Pathak]]
|
|-
!93
|[[Murwara Assembly constituency|Murwara]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Sandeep Shriprasad Jaiswal]]
|
|-
!94
|[[Bahoriband Assembly constituency|Bahoriband]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Pranay Prabhat Pandey]]
|
|-
|rowspan="8"|[[Jabalpur district|Jabalpur]]
!95
|[[Patan, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Patan]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Ajay Vishnoi]]
|
|-
!96
|[[Bargi Assembly constituency|Bargi]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Neeraj Singh Lodhi]]
|
|-
!97
|[[Jabalpur East Assembly constituency|Jabalpur East (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Lakhan Ghanghoriya|Lakhan Ghanghoria]]
|
|-
!98
|[[Jabalpur North Assembly constituency|Jabalpur North]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Abhilash Pandey]]
|
|-
!99
|[[Jabalpur Cantonment Assembly constituency|Jabalpur Cantonment]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Ashok Rohani]]
|
|-
!100
|[[Jabalpur West Assembly constituency|Jabalpur West]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rakesh Singh (politician)|Rakesh Singh]]
|
|-
!101
|[[Panagar Assembly constituency|Panagar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Sushil Kumar Tiwari]]
|
|-
!102
|[[Sihora Assembly constituency|Sihora (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Santosh Varkade]]
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Dindori district|Dindori]]
!103
|[[Shahpura, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Shahpura (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Om Prakash Dhurve]]
|
|-
!104
|[[Dindori, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Dindori (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Omkar Markam|Omkar Singh Markam]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Mandla district|Mandla]]
!105
|[[Bichhiya Assembly constituency|Bichhiya (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Narayan Singh Patta]]
|
|-
!106
|[[Niwas Assembly constituency|Niwas (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Chainsingh Warkade]]
|
|-
!107
|[[Mandla Assembly constituency|Mandla (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Sampatiya Uikey]]
|
|-
|rowspan="6"|[[Balaghat district|Balaghat]]
!108
|[[Baihar Assembly constituency|Baihar (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Sanjay Uikey]]
|
|-
!109
|[[Lanji Assembly constituency|Lanji]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rajkumar Karrahe]]
|
|-
!110
|[[Paraswada Assembly constituency|Paraswada]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Madhu Bhagat|Madhu Bhau Bhagat]]
|
|-
!111
|[[Balaghat Assembly constituency|Balaghat]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Anubha Munjare]]
|
|-
!112
|[[Waraseoni Assembly constituency|Waraseoni]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Vivek Vicky Patel]]
|
|-
!113
|[[Katangi Assembly constituency|Katangi]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Gaurav Singh Pardhi]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Seoni district|Seoni]]
!114
|[[Barghat Assembly constituency|Barghat (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Kamal Marskole]]
|
|-
!115
|[[Seoni Assembly constituency|Seoni]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Dinesh Rai Munmun]]
|
|-
!116
|[[Keolari Assembly constituency|Keolari]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Rajneesh Harvansh Singh]]
|
|-
!117
|[[Lakhnadon Assembly constituency|Lakhnadon (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Yogendra Singh (politician)|Yogendra Singh Baba]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Narsinghpur district|Narsinghpur]]
!118
|[[Gotegaon Assembly constituency|Gotegaon (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Mahendra Nagesh]]
|
|-
!119
|[[Narsingpur Assembly constituency|Narsingpur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Prahlad Singh Patel]]
|
|-
!120
|[[Tendukheda Assembly constituency|Tendukheda]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Vishwanath Singh Patel|Vishwanath Singh]]
|
|-
!121
|[[Gadarwara Assembly constituency|Gadarwara]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Uday Pratap Singh (Madhya Pradesh politician)|Uday Pratap Singh]]
|
|-
|rowspan="8"|[[Chhindwara district|Chhindwara]]
!122
|[[Junnardeo Assembly constituency|Junnardeo (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Sunil Uikey]]
|
|-
!Rowspan=2|123
|Rowspan=2|[[Amarwara Assembly constituency|Amarwara (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|rowspan=2|[[Kamlesh Shah]]
|Resigned on 29 March 2024.<ref>{{cite web | title=BJP aims to win Amarwara assembly seat bypoll after defeating Nakul Nath in Chhindwara stronghold | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/madhya-pradesh/bjp-aims-to-win-amarwara-assembly-seat-bypoll-after-defeating-nakul-nath-in-chhindwara-stronghold-3060043 }}</ref>
|-
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|Elected in 2024 by-election
|-
!124
|[[Chourai Assembly constituency|Chourai]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Choudhary Sujeet Mersingh]]
|
|-
!125
|[[Saunsar Assembly constituency|Saunsar]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Vijay Revnath Chore]]
|
|-
!126
|[[Chhindwara Assembly constituency|Chhindwara]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Kamal Nath]]
|
|-
!127
|[[Parasia Assembly constituency|Parasia (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Sohanlal Valmik|Sohanlal Balmik]]
|
|-
!128
|[[Pandhurna Assembly constituency|Pandhurna (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Neelesh Pusaram Uikey]]
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|[[Betul district|Betul]]
!129
|[[Multai Assembly constituency|Multai]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Chandrashekhar Deshmukh]]
|
|-
!130
|[[Amla Assembly constituency|Amla]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Yogesh Pandagre]]
|
|-
!131
|[[Betul Assembly constituency|Betul]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Hemant Khandelwal]]
|
|-
!132
|[[Ghoradongri Assembly constituency|Ghoradongri (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Ganga Sajjan Singh Uikey]]
|
|-
!133
|[[Bhainsdehi Assembly constituency|Bhainsdehi (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Mahendra Singh Chouhan]]
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Harda district|Harda]]
!134
|[[Timarni Assembly constituency|Timarni (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Abhijeet Shah]]
|
|-
!135
|[[Harda Assembly constituency|Harda]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Ram Kishore Dogne]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Hoshangabad district|Hoshangabad]]
!136
|[[Seoni-Malwa Assembly constituency|Seoni-Malwa]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Premshankar Verma|Prem Shankar Kunjilal Verma]]
|
|-
!137
|[[Hoshangabad Assembly constituency|Hoshangabad]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Sitasharan Sharma]]
|
|-
!138
|[[Sohagpur Assembly constituency|Sohagpur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Vijaypal Singh (politician)|Vijaypal Singh]]
|
|-
!139
|[[Pipariya Assembly constituency|Pipariya (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Thakurdas Nagwanshi]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Raisen district|Raisen]]
!140
|[[Udaipura Assembly constituency|Udaipura]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Narendra Shivaji Patel]]
|
|-
!141
|[[Bhojpur, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Bhojpur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Surendra Patwa]]
|
|-
!142
|[[Sanchi Assembly constituency|Sanchi (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Prabhuram Choudhary]]
|
|-
!143
|[[Silwani Assembly constituency|Silwani]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Devendra Patel]]
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|[[Vidisha district|Vidisha]]
!144
|[[Vidisha Assembly constituency|Vidisha]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Mukesh Tandan]]
|
|-
!145
|[[Basoda Assembly constituency|Basoda]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Hari Singh Raghuwanshi]]
|
|-
!146
|[[Kurwai Assembly constituency|Kurwai (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Hari Singh Sapre]]
|
|-
!147
|[[Sironj Assembly constituency|Sironj]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Umakant Sharma]]
|
|-
!148
|[[Shamshabad Assembly constituency|Shamshabad]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Surya Prakash Meena]]
|
|-
|rowspan="7"|[[Bhopal district|Bhopal]]
!149
|[[Berasia Assembly constituency|Berasia (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Vishnu Khatri]]
|
|-
!150
|[[Bhopal Uttar Assembly constituency|Bhopal Uttar]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Arif Aqueel|Atif Arif Aqueel]]
|
|-
!151
|[[Narela, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Narela]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Vishvas Sarang]]
|
|-
!152
|[[Bhopal Dakshin-Paschim Assembly constituency|Bhopal Dakshin-Paschim]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bhagwandas Sabnani]]
|
|-
!153
|[[Bhopal Madhya Assembly constituency|Bhopal Madhya]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Arif Masood]]
|
|-
!154
|[[Govindpura Assembly constituency|Govindpura]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Krishna Gaur]]
|
|-
!155
|[[Huzur Assembly constituency|Huzur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rameshwar Sharma]]
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|[[Sehore district|Sehore]]
!Rowspan=2|156
|Rowspan=2|[[Budhni Assembly constituency|Budhni]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janta Party|rowspan=2}}
|[[Shivraj Singh Chouhan]]
|Elected as [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
|-
|[[Ramakant Bhargava]]
|Elected on 23 November 2024
|-
!157
|[[Ashta Assembly constituency|Ashta (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Gopal Singh Engineer]]
|
|-
!158
|[[Ichhawar Assembly constituency|Ichhawar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Karan Singh Verma]]
|
|-
!159
|[[Sehore Assembly constituency|Sehore]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Sudesh Rai]]
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|[[Rajgarh district|Rajgarh]]
!160
|[[Narsinghgarh Assembly constituency|Narsinghgarh]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Mohan Sharma]]
|
|-
!161
|[[Biaora Assembly constituency|Biaora]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Narayan Singh Panwar]]
|
|-
!162
|[[Rajgarh Assembly constituency|Rajgarh]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Amar Singh Yadav]]
|
|-
!163
|[[Khilchipur Assembly constituency|Khilchipur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Hajari Lal Dangi]]
|
|-
!164
|[[Sarangpur Assembly constituency|Sarangpur (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Gotam Tetwal]]
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Agar Malwa district|Agar Malwa]]
!165
|[[Susner Assembly constituency|Susner]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Bhairon Singh]]
|
|-
!166
|[[Agar Assembly constituency|Agar (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Madhav Singh]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Shajapur district|Shajapur]]
!167
|[[Shajapur Assembly constituency|Shajapur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Arun Bhimawad]]
|
|-
!168
|[[Shujalpur Assembly constituency|Shujalpur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Inder Singh Parmar]]
|
|-
!169
|[[Kalapipal Assembly constituency|Kalapipal]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Ghanshyam Chandravanshi]]
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|[[Dewas district|Dewas]]
!170
|[[Sonkatch Assembly constituency|Sonkatch (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rajesh Sonkar]]
|
|-
!171
|[[Dewas Assembly constituency|Dewas]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Gayatri Raje Pawar]]
|
|-
!172
|[[Hatpipliya Assembly constituency|Hatpipliya]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Manoj Choudhary]]
|
|-
!173
|[[Khategaon Assembly constituency|Khategaon]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Aashish Govind Sharma]]
|
|-
!174
|[[Bagli Assembly constituency|Bagli (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Murli Bhawara]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Khandwa district|Khandwa]]
!175
|[[Mandhata Assembly constituency|Mandhata]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Narayan Patel (Madhya Pradesh politician)|Narayan Patel]]
|
|-
!176
|[[Harsud Assembly constituency|Harsud (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Kunwar Vijay Shah]]
|
|-
!177
|[[Khandwa Assembly constituency|Khandwa (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Kanchan Mukesh Tanve]]
|
|-
!178
|[[Pandhana Assembly constituency|Pandhana (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Chaya More]]
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Burhanpur district|Burhanpur]]
!179
|[[Nepanagar Assembly constituency|Nepanagar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Manju Rajendra Dadu]]
|
|-
!180
|[[Burhanpur Assembly constituency|Burhanpur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Archana Chitnis]]
|
|-
|rowspan="6"|[[Khargone district|Khargone]]
!181
|[[Bhikangaon Assembly constituency|Bhikangaon (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Jhuma Solanki]]
|
|-
!182
|[[Badwaha Assembly constituency|Barwah]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Sachin Birla]]
|
|-
!183
|[[Maheshwar Assembly constituency|Maheshwar (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rajkumar Mev]]
|
|-
!184
|[[Kasrawad Assembly constituency|Kasrawad]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Sachin Yadav (Madhya Pradesh politician)|Sachin Yadav]]
|
|-
!185
|[[Khargone Assembly constituency|Khargone]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Balkrishan Patidar]]
|
|-
!186
|[[Bhagwanpura Assembly constituency|Bhagwanpura (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Kedar Chidabhai Dawar]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Barwani district|Barwani]]
!187
|[[Sendhawa Assembly constituency|Sendhawa (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Montu Solanki]]
|
|-
!188
|[[Rajpur, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency|Rajpur (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Bala Bachchan]]
|
|-
!189
|[[Pansemal Assembly constituency|Pansemal (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Shyam Barde]]
|
|-
!190
|[[Barwani Assembly constituency|Barwani (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Rajan Mandloi]]
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Alirajpur district|Alirajpur]]
!191
|[[Alirajpur Assembly constituency|Alirajpur (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Nagar Singh Chouhan]]
|
|-
!192
|[[Jobat Assembly constituency|Jobat (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Sena Mahesh Patel]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Jhabua district|Jhabua]]
!193
|[[Jhabua Assembly constituency|Jhabua (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Vikrant Bhuria]]
|
|-
!194
|[[Thandla Assembly constituency|Thandla (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Veer Singh Bhuriya]]
|
|-
!195
|[[Petlawad Assembly constituency|Petlawad (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Nirmala Bhuria|Nirmala Dileep Singh Bhuria]]
|
|-
|rowspan="7"|[[Dhar district, India|Dhar]]
!196
|[[Sardarpur Assembly constituency|Sardarpur (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Pratap Grewal]]
|
|-
!197
|[[Gandhwani Assembly constituency|Gandhwani (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Umang Singhar]]
|Leader of Opposition
|-
!198
|[[Kukshi Assembly constituency|Kukshi (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Surendra Singh Baghel]]
|
|-
!199
|[[Manawar Assembly constituency|Manawar (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Hiralal Alawa]]
|
|-
!200
|[[Dharampuri Assembly constituency|Dharampuri (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Kaul Singh Thakur|Kalu Singh Thakur]]
|
|-
!201
|[[Dhar Assembly constituency|Dhar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Neena Verma]]
|
|-
!202
|[[Badnawar Assembly constituency|Badnawar]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Bhanwar Singh Shekhawat]]
|
|-
|rowspan="9"|[[Indore district|Indore]]
!203
|[[Depalpur Assembly constituency|Depalpur]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Manoj Nirbhay Singh Patel]]
|
|-
!204
|[[Indore-1 Assembly constituency|Indore-1]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Kailash Vijayvargiya]]
|-
!205
|[[Indore-2 Assembly constituency|Indore-2]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Ramesh Mendola]]
|
|-
!206
|[[Indore-3 Assembly constituency|Indore-3]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Golu Shukla]]
|
|-
!207
|[[Indore-4 Assembly constituency|Indore-4]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Malini Gaur]]
|
|-
!208
|[[Indore-5 Assembly constituency|Indore-5]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Mahendra Hardia]]
|
|-
!209
|[[Dr. Ambedkar Nagar-Mhow Assembly constituency|Dr. Ambedkar Nagar-Mhow]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Usha Thakur]]
|
|-
!210
|[[Rau Assembly constituency|Rau]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Madhu Verma (politician)|Madhu Verma]]
|
|-
!211
|[[Sanwer Assembly constituency|Sanwer (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Tulsi Silawat]]
|
|-
|rowspan="7"|[[Ujjain district|Ujjain]]
!212
|[[Nagda-Khachrod Assembly constituency|Nagda-Khachrod]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Tej Bahadur Singh Chauhan]]
|
|-
!213
|[[Mahidpur Assembly constituency|Mahidpur]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Dinesh Jain Boss|Dinesh Jain]]
|
|-
!214
|[[Tarana Assembly constituency|Tarana (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Mahesh Parmar]]
|
|-
!215
|[[Ghatiya Assembly constituency|Ghatiya (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Satish Malviya]]
|
|-
!216
|[[Ujjain North Assembly constituency|Ujjain North]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Anil Jain Kaluheda]]
|
|-
!217
|[[Ujjain South Assembly constituency|Ujjain South]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Mohan Yadav]]
|Chief Minister
|-
!218
|[[Badnagar Assembly constituency|Badnagar]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Jitendra Pandya]]
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|[[Ratlam district|Ratlam]]
!219
|[[Ratlam Rural Assembly constituency|Ratlam Rural (ST)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Mathuralal Damar]]
|
|-
!220
|[[Ratlam City Assembly constituency|Ratlam City]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Chetanya Kasyap|Chetanya Kashyap]]
|
|-
!221
|[[Sailana Assembly constituency|Sailana]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharat Adivasi Party}}
|[[Kamleshwar Dodiyar]]
|
|-
!222
|[[Jaora Assembly constituency|Jaora]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Rajendra Pandey (Indian politician)|Rajendra Pandey]]
|
|-
!223
|[[Alot Assembly constituency|Alot (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Chintamani Malviya]]
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Mandsaur district|Mandsaur]]
!224
|[[Mandsaur Assembly constituency|Mandsaur]]
|{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Vipin Jain]]
|
|-
!225
|[[Malhargarh Assembly constituency|Malhargarh (SC)]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Jagdish Devda]]
|Deputy Chief Minister
|-
!226
|[[Suwasra Assembly constituency|Suwasra]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Hardeep Singh Dang]]
|
|-
!227
|[[Garoth Assembly constituency|Garoth]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Chandar Singh Sisodiya]]
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Neemuch district|Neemuch]]
!228
|[[Manasa Assembly constituency|Manasa]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Aniruddha Maroo]]
|
|-
!229
|[[Neemuch Assembly constituency|Neemuch]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Dilip Singh Parihar]]
|
|-
!230
|[[Jawad Assembly constituency|Jawad]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Om Prakash Sakhlecha]]
|
|-
|}

==See also==

* [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
* [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Madhya Pradesh}}
{{Current Indian assemblies}}

[[Category:Terms of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Lists of current Indian state and territorial assemblies|Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Madhya Pradesh MLAs 2023–2028| ]]

Kurukh people

2026-03-28T03:03:20Z

Ilushiklom: brief expand citations also and improved wording

{{Short description|Indigenous (scheduled) tribe from India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Oraon
| native_name = Kurukh
| image = Kurukh dance of Oraons .jpg
| image_caption = Kurukh in traditional clothes performing dance
| total = 3.8 million
| total_year = 2011
| region1 = India
| pop1 = 3,696,899
| ref1 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/ST.html|title=A-11 Individual Scheduled Tribe Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=3 November 2017}}</ref>
| region2 = {{spaces|3}}[[Jharkhand]]
| pop2 = 1,716,618
| ref2 =
| region3 = {{spaces|3}}[[Chhattisgarh]]
| pop3 = 748,739
| region4 = {{spaces|3}}[[West Bengal]]
| pop4 = 643,510
| region5 = {{spaces|3}}[[Odisha]]
| pop5 = 358,112
| region6 = {{spaces|3}}[[Bihar]]
| pop6 = 144,472
| region7 = {{spaces|3}}[[Assam]]
| pop7 = 39,739 (1921)
| ref7 = <ref>{{cite web|title=Estimated Population by Castes, 5. Assam – Census 1951 |year=1954 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/30196/download/33377/44094_1951_POP.pdf |publisher=Office of the Registrar General, India |page=9}}</ref>
| region8 = {{spaces|3}}[[Tripura]]
| pop8 = 12,011
| ref8 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language_MTs.html|title=Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=7 July 2018}}</ref>
| region9 = [[Bangladesh]]
| pop9 = 85,846
| ref9 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2022-07-28-14-31-b21f81d1c15171f1770c661020381666.pdf|title=Table 1.4 Ethnic Population by Group and Sex|year=2021|publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics|page=33|language=bn}}</ref>
| region10 = [[Nepal]]
| pop10 = 37,424
| ref10 = <ref>{{Cite journal|title=National Population and Housing Census 2011: Social Characteristics Tables|url=https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf|journal=Nepal Census|via=Government of Nepal|archive-date=14 March 2023|access-date=4 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314170005/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| region11 = [[Bhutan]]
| pop11 = 4,200
| ref11 = <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.peoplegroups.org/Explore/groupdetails.aspx?peid=1235|title=Oraon of Bhutan|work=PeopleGroups|access-date=28 January 2020|language=en}}</ref>
| languages = [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]]{{*}}[[Sadri language|Sadri]]{{*}}[[Odia language|Odia]]{{*}}[[Hindi]]{{*}}[[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| religions = [[Hinduism]], [[Christianity]], [[Sarnaism]]<ref name="Winston2006" />
| related = {{hlist|[[Dravidian peoples|Dravidian people]]|[[Malto people]]}}
| native_name_lang =
}}

The '''Kurukh''' or '''Oraon''', also spelt '''Uraon''' or '''Dhangad''',<ref name="guyanachronicle.com">{{Cite news |title=The Long Journey: From India to Guyana |url=https://guyanachronicle.com/2014/05/05/the-long-journey-from-india-to-guyana/ |work=Guyana Chronicle |date=5 May 2014}}</ref> ([[Kurukh language|Kurukh]]: ''Karḵẖ'' and ''Oṛāōn'') are a [[Dravidian languages|Dravidian]] speaking [[ethnolinguistic group]] inhabiting [[Chota Nagpur Plateau|Chhotanagpur Plateau]] and adjoining areas - mainly the Indian states of [[Jharkhand]], [[Odisha]], [[Chhattisgarh]], and [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hasnain |first=Nadeem |title=Tribal India |publisher=Palaka Prakashan |year=2021 |edition=7th |location=Delhi |pages=136 |language=English}}</ref> They predominantly speak [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] as their native language, which belongs to the [[Dravidian languages|Dravidian language family]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TmDRNTYw49EC&pg=PA256|title=Encyclopaedic Profile of Indian Tribes, Volume 1 |isbn=9788171412983|last1=Prasad|first1=R. R.|year=1996|publisher=Discovery Publishing House }}</ref> In [[Maharashtra]], Oraon people are also known as Dhangad.<ref>{{cite book|last3=Anthropological Survey of India| last2 = Mehta| first2 = B. V.| last1 = Singh | first1= Kumar Suresh|title=Maharashtra Part 3|year=2004|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|page=1585| isbn = 9788179911020| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4bfmnmsBfQ4C}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |author=Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Government of India |date= December 2002 |title=27th report of Standing Committee on Labour and Welfare with regards to SCs and STs order (Second Amendment) Bill, 2002 |url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/65979/1/13_Labour_27.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201024014153/https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/65979/1/13_Labour_27.pdf |archive-date= 24 October 2020}}</ref>

Traditionally, Oraons depended on the forest and farms for their ritual practices and livelihoods, but in recent times, they have become mainly settled agriculturalists. Many Oraon migrated to tea gardens of [[Assam]], [[West Bengal]] and Bangladesh as well as to countries like [[Fiji]], [[Guyana]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]] and [[Mauritius]] during [[British Raj|British rule]], where they were known as '''''Hill Coolies'''''.<ref name="guyanachronicle.com"/><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/oraons |title=Oraons - Dictionary definition of Oraons |website=Encyclopedia.com |language=en |access-date=14 October 2017}}</ref> They are listed as a [[Scheduled Tribe]] in seven Indian states for the purpose of the [[Reservation in India|reservation system]].<ref name="list">{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf|title=List of notified Scheduled Tribes|publisher=Census India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107225208/http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf|archive-date=7 November 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=9 February 2019}}</ref>

==Etymology==
According to [[Edward Tuite Dalton]], "Oraon" is an [[exonym]] assigned by neighbouring [[Munda people]], meaning "to roam". They call themselves Kurukh.<ref>Dalton E. T. ''The Oraons: Descriptive Ethnology of Bengal''. 1872. Section 1, page 215.</ref> According to [[Sten Konow]], Uraon will mean ''man'' as in the Dravidian [[Kurukh language]], the word Urapai, Urapo and Urang means ''Man''. The word Kurukh may be derived from the word ''Kur'' or ''Kurcana'' means "shout" and "stammer". So Kurukh will mean 'a speaker'.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K4I3l9WL4BIC&pg=PR11|title=Grammar of the Kurukh Language|publisher=Mittal Publications|author=Ferdinand Hahn|page=xii|year=1985|access-date=29 November 2022}}</ref>

==History==
According to the [[Indian Anthropological Society]], [[Konkan]] is said to be the original home of the Kurukh tribes from where they migrated to the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]].<ref name=IAS>{{cite book|last=Indian Anthropological Society|title=Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society, Volumes 21-22|year=1986|publisher=Indian Anthropological Society|pages=See page 75}}</ref> The group is said to have settled in the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]] by 100 CE.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Singh|first=Anjana|date=August 2018|title=Linguistic Politics and Kurukh Language Movement of the Oraons in Jharkhand|url=https://www.academia.edu/39717683|journal=Journal of Adivasi and Indigenous Studies|volume=8|pages=37–50|via=Academia.edu}}</ref>

There are three opinions of scholars about the origin of Kurukh people. According to [[Sarat Chandra Roy]], Kurukh people might have migrated from [[Coorg State|Coorg]] in [[South India]]. In 1987, Elefenbein proposed Baloch's hypothesis, in which he proposed the [[Brahui people|Brahui]] tribe migrated from [[Balochistan|Baluchistan]] to [[Sindh]] where [[Brahui language|Brahui]] is still spoken, and the Rohtasgarh and Rajmahal hills. Those who migrated to [[Rohtasgarh]] were Kurukh and those venturing to [[Rajmahal hills|Rajmahal]] hills were [[Malto people|Malto]]. According to another opinion, Kurukh people were living in [[Indus Valley Civilisation]], then they migrated to South and Central India after the decline of the Indus Valley Civilisation due to droughts and floods in 2500 BCE.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319297968|title=Vitality and Endangerment of Contemporary Kurukh|author=Alisha Vandana Lakra, Md. Mojibur Rahman|date=August 2017|access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref>

According to the writings of Colonel [[Edward Tuite Dalton]], Oraon claimed that they were settled in [[Gujarat]], until they were expelled from there. Then they settled in [[Kalinjar]], where they fought with ''Lowrik Sowrik'' of Palipiri and were defeated. Then they came to [[Rohtasgarh]] and were driven out by Muslims during the reign of Akbar. Then they settled in Chotanagpur. According to Dalton, Oraon were settled in Chotanagpur before the reign of [[Akbar]] and possibly some Oraon were in Rohtas hills when Rohtasgarh fort was constructed by Muslims. According to him the Oraon language is similar to [[Tamil language|Tamil]], but some words spoken by Oraon are of Sanskrit origin due to their living with [[Sanskrit]] and [[Prakrit]] speaking people in the past. The physical features of Oraon are the darkest but those who live in mixed settlements have varieties of features.<ref name="academia.edu">{{Cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/42298290|title=Pages from the Old Records: A Note on 'The "Kols" of Chota-Nagpore' by E.T. Dalton|author=Sanjay Nath|website=academia.edu|pages=15–22|year=2015|access-date=25 October 2022}}</ref>

===Colonial rule ===
[[File:Oraons.jpg|thumb|Dalton's painting of Oraons in 1872]]
During the British rule, Kurukh people rebelled against the British [[East India Company]] authority and local Zamindars against tax imposition. The [[Budhu Bhagat]] led the Lakra rebellion which is also known as the [[Kol uprising]] in 1832.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2016/state-editions/governor-pays-tribute-to-veer-budhu-bhagat.html|title=Governor pays tribute to Veer Budhu Bhagat|work=Daily Pioneer|date=23 August 2016|access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref>

[[Jatra Bhagat]] led civil disobedience movement [[Tana Bhagat Movement]] from 1914 to 1920.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kumar |first1=Sanjay |title=The Tana Bhagat Movement in Chotanagpur (1914-1920) |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |date=2008 |volume=69 |pages=723–731 |jstor=44147236 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147236 |access-date=5 September 2022 |issn=2249-1937}}</ref> After independence of India, they were listed as a [[Scheduled Tribe]] for the purpose of [[Reservation in India|India's reservation system]].<ref name="list"/>

==Society==
The Kurukh tribe is patrilocal and patrilineal. Kurukhs are divided into many exogamous clans. Clans names among the Kurukh are taken from plants, animals and objects. These clan names are also used in Oraon people's last names. Some important clans are:<ref>{{Cite news |title=Tradition of Clan names and conservation among the Oraons of Chhattishgarh |website=niscair.res.in |url=https://www.niscair.res.in/ScienceCommunication/ResearchJournals/rejour/ijtk/Fulltextsearch/2006/April%202006/IJTK-vol%205(2)-April%202006-pp%20224-226.htm |access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=khemzjElrc0C&pg=PA374|title=Totemism and Exogamy|publisher=Psychology Press|author=James George Frazer|year=2000|page=374|isbn=978-0700713387}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=आदिवासी गोत्र |url=http://hi.vikaspedia.in/social-welfare/92d93e930924-915940-91c92891c93e92493f92f93e901/90692693f93593e938940-93890293894d91594392493f-914930-92a93092e94d92a93093e/90692693f93593e938940-91794b92494d930 |access-date=18 September 2019 |website=vikaspedia}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=10em}}
* Addo (ox)
* Aind (a fish)
* Alla (dog)
* Bakula (Heron)
* Bando (wild cat)
* Bara (Banyan)
* Barwa (wild dog)
* Beck (Salt)
* Chidra (Squirrel)
* Edgo (Mouse)
* Ekka or kachhap (Turtle)
* Gari (monkey)
* Gede (Duck)
* Gidhi (vulture)
* Halman (langur)
* Keond (a fruit)
* Khoya (wild dog)
* Kinduar (a fish)
* Kindo (a fish)
* Kosuar (a fish)
* Kiro (a fruit)
* Kissi (pig)
* Kerketta (Hedge-sparrow)
* Kokro (cock)
* Kujur (A medicinal plant)
* Lakra (Tiger)
* Minz (a fish)
* Khetta or Nag (Cobra)
* Panna (Iron)
* Tido (a fish)
* Tirkuar (tithio bird)
* Tirkey (an eagle)
* Toppo (Woodpecker)
* Tigga (Monkey)
* Xalxo (pigeon)
* Xaxa (Crow)
* Xess or Dhan (Paddy)
* Halko or khalkho (fish)
{{div col end}}

==Culture==
===Language===
Kurukh are traditional speakers of [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], which belongs to the northern branch of the [[Dravidian languages|Dravidian]] family. Just under half still speak this language as their mother tongue. Many have adopted the local ''lingua franca''s, [[Sadri language|Sadri]] and [[Odia language|Odia]], as their first languages. This shift to regional languages, especially Sadri, has been most pronounced in [[West Bengal]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Assam]] and [[Tripura]], where the Kurukh are mainly tea garden workers and Sadri is the main link language.<ref name="auto"/>

=== Festivals ===
The Kurukh celebrate all traditional festivals of the Chota Nagpur plateau: [[Sarhul]], [[Karam (festival)|Karma]], Dhanbuni, Harihari, [[Nawakhani]], Khariyani etc.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.etribaltribune.com/index.php/volume-1/issue-7/marriage-customs-among-the-oraons|title=Marriage Customs among The Oraons|website=etribaltribune.com}}</ref>

=== Music and dance ===
Since time immemorial The Oraon people have a rich range of folk songs, dances and tales,<ref name="Hahn1906">{{cite book|author=Ferdinand Hahn|title=Blicke in die Geisteswelt der heidnischen Kols: Sammlung von Sagen, Märchen und Liedern der Oraon in Chota Nagpur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NLrYAAAAMAAJ|access-date=25 August 2012|year=1906|publisher=C. Bertelsmann}}</ref> as well as traditional musical instruments. Both men and women participate in dances, which are performed at social events and festivals. The Mandar, [[Naqareh|Nagara]] and Kartal are the main musical instruments. In Kurukh, song is known as "Dandi". Some Kurukh folk dances are war dances (between two Parhas), [[Karma dance]] (Karam dandi), Khaddi or Sarhul dance, Phagu, Jadur, jagra, Matha, Benja Nalna (wedding dance) and Chali (courtyard dance).<ref name="auto"/>
[[File:Sarhul dance.jpg|thumb|Sarhul dance known as Khaddi]]

===Marriage tradition===
Marriage among Kurukhs is usually arranged by the parents. The parents negotiate a bride price, after which the wedding can take place. On the wedding day, the groom arrives with his friends to the bride's house, and they hold a dance. A ''pandal'' is constructed in front of the bride's father's house, and the bride and groom stand on a stone, under which is grain above a plough yoke. A cloth is then thrown over the couple, who are doubly screened by the groom's friends. Then the ''sindoordaan'' is done: the groom applies ''sindoor'' to the bride's forehead, which is sometimes returned. Afterwards, water is poured over the couple and they return to a separate area of the house to change. When they are emerged, they are considered married. During this entire time, the rest of the party continue to dance.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Hewitt|first=J. F.|date=April 1893|title=Art. VII.–The Tribes and Castes of Bengal, by H. H. Risley. Vols. I. and II. Ethnographic Glossary, Vols. I. and II. Anthropometric Data|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035869x00022395|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland|volume=25|issue=2|pages=237–300|doi=10.1017/s0035869x00022395|s2cid=163011123 |issn=0035-869X|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

=== Dress ===
[[File:Oraon House at 'State Tribal Fair-2020' Bhubaneswar,India.jpg|thumb|Oraon House at 'State Tribal Fair-2020' Bhubaneswar, India]]
At the turn of the 20th century, Kurukh men wore a loincloth tied around the hips, while women less influenced by other communities would wear a cloth reaching to just above the knee, covering the chest.<ref name=":1" /> Today, women traditionally a wear thick cotton sari with detailed stitched borders of purple or red thread. Traditional tattoos include elaborate symmetrical patterns around their forearms, ankles, and chest. Men wear a thick cloth with similar detailed borders as a [[dhoti]] or [[lungi]].<ref name="Winston2006" />

=== Livelihood ===
Originally, the Oraons relied on the forest and its goods for an economic livelihood. Unlike many other communities of Jharkhand which practice ''jhum'', the Kurukh community uses plough agriculture. At the turn of the 20th century however, due to the policies of the [[British Raj|British colonial government]], most of the tribe worked as agricultural labourers for the ''[[Zamindar]]s'' on their own lands.<ref name=":1" /> However, recently many have become settled agriculturists, while others became migrant workers.<ref name="Winston2006">{{Cite book |editor-last=Winston |editor-first=Robert |year=2006 |orig-year=First published 2004 |title=Human |publisher=[[Dorling Kindersley]] |page=439 |isbn=0-7566-1901-7 |quote=Oraons ... '''Beliefs''' Hinduism, Christianity, Sarna (a form of animism)}}</ref>

=== Administration===
In a Kurukh village, the village level political organisation is called ''Parha'' which consists of post such as ''[[Pahan]]'' (village priest), ''Panibharwa'' (water-bearer of Pahan), ''Pujar'' (assistant of Pahan), ''Bhandari'' and ''Chowkidar'' (watchman). Each has a particular role in religious ceremonies, festivals and solving disputes in the village. The traditional informal educational institution [[tribal youth dormitory|youth dormitory]] is called ''Dhumkuria''. The public and common meeting place is Akhra where people meet for the purpose of discussion and solving disputes.<ref name="admin">{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_uVr9TtVyk |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/g_uVr9TtVyk |archive-date=13 December 2021 |url-status=live|title=Tribes of India, PESA Act & Padaha system of Oraon tribe |date=16 May 2016|last=Team |first=Mai Bhi Bharat |medium=Television production |language=hi |publisher=[[Rajya Sabha TV|RSTV]] |series=Mai Bhi Bharat}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

Twelve to thirty villages form a Parha council. Each village has a village council, member of village council act as the members of Parha council in the headship of Parha chief. One of the villages in Parha is called Raja (King) village, another {{transliteration|kru|dewan}} (prime minister) village, another {{transliteration|kru|panrey}} (clerk of the village), a fourth {{transliteration|kru|kotwar}} (orderly) village and remaining village are called {{transliteration|kru|praja}} (subject) village. Raja village has highest social status because headman of this village presides at the meeting of a Parha Panchayat.<ref name="admin"/>
The Kurukh are patrilocal and patrilineal. Clan name descends from father to son. The major lineage is known as ''Bhuinhari Khunt''. Bhuinhari means owner of the land. Khunt has two sub groups: the ''Pahan Khunt'' and ''Mahato Khunt''. Pahan and Mahato are two main office of Bhuinhari lineage.<ref name="auto" />

==Religion==
{{More citations needed|date=April 2025}}{{Pie chart
|caption=Religion of Kurukh people, 2011 census
|thumb=right
|label1=[[Hinduism]]
|value1=36.37
|color1=darkorange
|label2=[[Christianity]]
|value2=30.24
|color2=dodgerblue
|label3=[[Sarnaism]]
|value3=29.2
|color3=maroon
|label4=Adi Dharam
|value4=1.95
|color4=Red
|label5=Addi Bassi
|value5=0.98
|label6=Adi
|value6=0.48
|label7=Not stated
|value7=0.25
|other=yes
|other-color=Green
|footer=''*Statistics of the religion of the Kurukh population in Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, and Tripura, where they are classified as Scheduled Tribes.''}}

According to the 2011 census, the Scheduled Tribes Kurukh population in India numbers 3,623,512. Among them, 36.37% are followers of [[Hinduism]], 30.24% follow [[Christianity]], 29.2% practice [[Sarnaism|Sarna]], 1.95% follow Adi Dharam, 0.98% adhere to Addi Bassi, and 0.48% follow Adi, while 0.25% did not state any religious affiliation. Additionally, there are smaller numbers of [[Muslims]] (7,459), [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] (1,904), [[Tana Bhagats]] (978), Oraons (770), [[Sikhs]] (423), and others, with 5,381 individuals returning some unclassified religion.

The Oraon follow their traditional religion ([[Sarnaism]]), which is based on nature worship. Some of the groups started following Sarnaism in a Hindu style, as the sects of the Bishnu Bhagats, Bacchinda Bhagats, Karmu Bhagats and Tana Bhagats. The Oraons have established several Sarna sects. Oraons worship Sun as biri (a name given for Dharmesh). Kurukhar also believe in Animism.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}

Most of population is [[Sarnaism|Sarna]], which is a religion that is indigenous to [[Adivasi]]s in the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]]. Sarna perform religious rituals under the shade of a sacred grove. They worship the sun as Biri and the moon as Chando, and call the earth Dharti Aayo (Earth as mother). Chando Biri are the words which are used in Sarna pujas. Dharmesh is their supreme almighty god.<ref>{{cite book|title=History and Culture of the Oraon Tribe : Some Aspects of Their Social Life|last=Ghosh|first=Abhik|publisher=Mohit|year=2003|isbn=81-7445-196-X|page=237}}</ref>

Kamru Bhagats (Oraon or Munda devotees) originated when Oraons acquired special powers after making a pilgrimage to [[Kamakhya]] in [[Assam]] to pay respect to [[Durga]].<ref>Jha, P. 41 ''India and Nepal''</ref>

The Tana Bhagat was formed by Oraon saints Jatra Bhagat and Turia Bhagat. Tana Bhagats opposed the taxes imposed on them by the British and staged a [[Satyagraha]] movement even before [[Mahatma Gandhi]]. All Tana Bhagats were followers of Gandhi during the Independence movement. Tana Bhagats still wear a khadi kurta, dhoti and Gandhi topi (cap) with tricoloured flag in their topi. All Tana Bhagats perform puja to the Mahadeo and the tricolour with a chakra symbol on it, which is fixed at their courtyard.

Among Christian Oraons, there are [[Roman Catholic]]s and [[Protestant]]s, the latter of which having several denominations.

==In popular culture==
In 1957, film-maker [[Ritwik Ghatak]] shot a preparatory test film named ''Oraon'' on the life of the [[Adivasi]]s of the [[Ranchi]] region in [[Jharkhand]] and on the Oraons of Rani Khatanga Village in Jharkhand.<ref>[http://ir.nmu.org.ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/133612/85b69f83ea77c6c93361a503b826c134.pdf?sequence=1 Cinema & I pg.116] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125040537/http://ir.nmu.org.ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/133612/85b69f83ea77c6c93361a503b826c134.pdf?sequence=1 |date=25 November 2015 }}</ref>

== Notable people ==


{{refimprove section|date=March 2025}}
*[[Joachim Baxla]], Member of Parliament
*[[Ignace Beck]], Member of Parliament
*[[Budhu Bhagat]], freedom fighter
*[[Indra Nath Bhagat]], Member of Parliament
*[[Jatra Bhagat]], freedom fighter and social reformist
*[[Sudarshan Bhagat]], Member of Parliament, central minister Government of india
*[[Sukhdeo Bhagat]], Member of Legislative Assembly [[Government of Jharkhand]], Member of Parliament And President [[Jharkhand Pradesh Congress Committee]]
*[[Albert Ekka]], recipient of India's highest wartime gallantry award [[Param Vir Chakra]]
*[[Anosh Ekka]], Minister [[Government of Jharkhand]]
*[[Deep Grace Ekka]], Indian hockey player
*[[Madhu Mansuri Hasmukh]], singer and activist
*[[Rajesh Kachhap]], Member of Legislative Assembly [[Government of Jharkhand]]
*[[Jacinta Kerketta]], journalist and poet
*[[Michael Kindo]], hockey player
*[[Animesh Kujur]], Animesh Kujur (born 2 June 2003) is an Indian sprinter. He is the current national record holder for 100 metres, 200 metres and 4 × 100 metres relay.
*[[Renee Kujur]], model
*[[Santiuse Kujur]], MP of [[Assam]]
*[[Birendra Lakra]], Indian hockey player
*[[Provat Lakra]], Football player of [[West Bengal]]
*[[Sawna Lakra]], Member of Legislative Assembly [[Government of Bihar]] and [[Government of Jharkhand]]
*[[Sunita Lakra]], Indian hockey player
*[[Chamra Linda]], Minister [[Government of Jharkhand]]
*[[Nirmal Minz]], scholar
*[[Lilima Minz]], Indian hockey player
*[[Mukut Minz]], Mukut Minz is an Indian doctor. In 2017, he was awarded the Padma Shri by the Indian Government for his contribution in medicine.
*[[Sonajharia Minz]], vice-chancellor to the [[Sido Kanhu Murmu University]]
*[[Jual Oram]], [[Ministry of Tribal Affairs]], India
*[[Dinesh Oraon]], Indian politician currently serving as speaker of Jharkhand legislative assembly and a leader of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] from Jharkhand
*[[Kartik Oraon]], Member of Parliament, [[Lok Sabha]] cabinet minister Government of India, founder, president Akhil Bharatiya Adivasi Vikash Parishad & kendriya sarna samiti Bharat.
*[[Rameshwar Oraon]], former IPS officer and politician, cabinet minister Government of India, cabinet minister Government of Jharkhand, President Jharkhand Pradesh Congress commity, president National commission of scheduled tribe Government of India
*[[Sameer Oraon]]. Former Member of Rajya Sabha and National President [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] ST Morcha
*[[Simon Oraon]], environmentalist & [[Padma Shri]] awardee
*[[Manisa Panna]], football player
*[[Manoj Tigga]], Member of Parliament [[Alipurduar]]
*[[Simon Tigga]], politician
*[[Bandhu Tirkey]], Minister [[Government of Jharkhand]]
*[[Bhushan Tirkey]], Member of Legislative Assembly [[Government of Jharkhand]]
*[[Dasrath Tirkey]], Member of Parliament
*[[Dilip Tirkey]], President of the Hockey India<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=6 February 2012 |title=Asunta Lakra, a symbol for tribal hope |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/hockey/top-stories/asunta-lakra-a-symbol-for-tribal-hope/articleshow/11772062.cms |access-date=3 April 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
*[[Ignace Tirkey]], hockey player
*[[Manohar Tirkey]], politician
*[[Pius Tirkey]], Member of Parliament
*[[Rupa Rani Tirkey]], lawn ball player
*[[Shilpi Neha Tirkey]], Minister [[Government of Jharkhand]]
*[[Biju Toppo]], documentary filmmaker
*[[Binita Toppo]], hockey player
*[[Namita Toppo]], Indian hockey player
*[[Telesphore Toppo]], Cardinal
*[[Abhay Xaxa]] (1983–2020), Human rights activist, poet, and social anthropologist<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Sushmita |date=27 June 2020 |title=Remembering scholar and activist Abhay Xaxa, whose death is an irreparable loss to Adivasi movements |url=https://caravanmagazine.in/communities/remembering-abhay-xaxa-whose-death-is-a-loss-to-adivasi-movements |magazine=[[The Caravan]] |access-date=13 May 2025 |quote=Xaxa belonged to Kurukh or Oraon tribe and was a native of Chhattisgarh.}}</ref>
*[[Pyari Xaxa]], football player



==See also==
* [[Kharia people]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Kurukh people}}

*[https://kurukhworld.com/portray/social,%20culture%20&%20economical%20dimension/index.html kurukhworld.com]
''This article includes material from the 1995 [[public domain]] [[Library of Congress Country Studies|Library of Congress Country Study]] on India.''

{{Ethnic groups in Bangladesh}}
{{Bhutanese society}}
{{Tribes of Jharkhand}}
{{Scheduled tribes in Odisha}}
{{Scheduled tribes of India}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Adivasi]]
[[Category:Dravidian peoples]]
[[Category:Social groups of Delhi]]
[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Odisha]]
[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Bihar]]
[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Chhattisgarh]]

List of programs broadcast by Star Maa

2026-03-27T15:54:48Z

Ilushiklom: further cleaned up information per standard format and updated info

{{Short description|Private broadcast television network}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2020}}

'''[[Star Maa]]''' is an Indian [[Telugu language]] [[general entertainment]] private broadcast television network owned by the [[Disney Star]], a subsidiary of an Indian multinational mass media corporation which is in turn owned by American mass media and entertainment conglomerate [[The Walt Disney Company]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=STAR India acquires MAA TV's broadcast business for Rs 2.5k cr|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/star-india-acquires-maa-tv-broadcast-business-for-around-rs-2-500-crore-115021100616_1.html|last=|first=|date=|website=Business Standard|access-date=}}</ref> This is a list of the current and former programmes broadcast by the channel.

== Current broadcast ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Premiere date
! Series
! Adaptation of
|-
|26 April 2021
|''[[Paape Maa Jeevanajyothi]]''
|Bengali TV series ''[[Maa....Tomay Chara Ghum Ashena]]''
|-
|24 January 2023
|''[[Brahmamudi (TV series)|Brahmamudi]]''
|Bengali TV series ''[[Gaatchora]]''
|-
|19 January 2026
|''Varasuralu''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://telugu.abplive.com/entertainment/tv/paluke-bangaramayena-new-serial-going-stream-in-star-maa-full-details-inside-111148|title=నత్తి ఉన్నా అమ్మాయి లాయర్ అయితే? - సరికొత్త సీరియల్ 'పలుకే బంగారమాయెనా' ప్రోమో చూశారా?|website=ABP Live|language=te}}</ref>
|Marathi TV series ''[[Aboli (TV series)|Aboli]]''
|-
|{{TBA}}
|''Bahijirah''
|
|-
|11 September 2023
|''Maamagaru''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://telugu.samayam.com/tv/news/maamagaru-new-serial-promo-coming-soon-on-star-maa-starring-deva-suhasini/articleshow/102343039.cms|title=స్టార్ మాలో మరో కొత్త సీరియల్.. 'మామగారు'తో సుహాసిని రీ ఎంట్రీ|website=Samayam|language=te}}</ref>
|
|-
|25 March 2024
|''[[Karthika Deepam (Telugu TV series)|Karthika Deepam 2]]''
|Tamil TV series ''[[Chellamma (TV series)|Chellamma]]''
|-
|2 June 2024
|''Ninnu Kori''
|Hindi TV series ''[[Geet – Hui Sabse Parayi]]''
|-
|10 June 2024
|''Intinti Ramayanam''<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://indiantvinfo.com/intinti-ramayanam-star-maa-serial/ |title=Intinti Ramayanam Telugu TV on Star Maa Channel – Pallavi Ramisetty, Yashi Yashu, Juhi Vadla In the Lead Star Cast|language=en |access-date=2024-06-05|work=India TV Info}}</ref>
|Hindi TV series ''[[Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii]]''
|-
|2 December 2024
|''Geetha LL.B''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-29 |title=Star Ma Lo is a dynamic girl story Geetha LL.B |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/geetha-ll.b-the-dynamic-girl-story-on-star-maa |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref>
|Bengali TV series ''[[Geeta LL.B]]''
|-
|16 December 2024
|''Nuvvunte Naa Jathagaa''<ref>{{Cite web |title=యూట్యూబ్‌లో దూసుకుపోతున్న బిగ్ బాస్ సింగర్ భోలే షావలి కొత్త సాంగ్- వెన్నెల యాంకర్ జయతి రీ ఎంట్రీ! |url=https://telugu.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bigg-boss-telugu-7-singer-bhole-shavali-new-song-duggu-duggu-bulletto-get-2-million-views-in-youtube-vennela-jayathi-121733991260867.html |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=Hindustan Times |language=te}}{{dead link|date=February 2026|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|Bengali TV series ''[[Khelaghor]]''
|}

== Former broadcast ==
* ''[[Ammaku Teliyani Koilamma]]'' (2021)
* ''[[Ammamma.com]]'' (2007–2008)
* ''[[Devatha – Anubandhala Alayam]]'' (2020–2022)
* ''[[Ennenno Janmala Bandham]]'' (2021–2023)
*''[[Guppedantha Manasu]]''. (2020-2024)
*''[[Gundeninda Gudigantalu]]''. (2023-2025)
* ''[[House of Hungama]]'' (2020)
* ''[[Intiki Deepam Illalu]]'' (2021–2023)
*''Satyabhama''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://telugu.samayam.com/tv/news/ennenno-janmala-bandham-fame-veda-and-yash-new-serial-satyabhama-timings/articleshow/105882415.cms|title=చదువు బిడ్డగా వేద.. రౌడీ బాయ్‌గా యష్.. 'సత్యభామ' సీరియల్ టైమ్, డేట్ ఫిక్స్|website=Samayam|language=te}}</ref>
* ''[[Intinti Gruhalakshmi]]'' (2020–2024)
* ''Paluke Bangaramayana'' (2023–2026)
* ''[[Janaki Kalaganaledu]]'' (2021–2023)
* ''[[Karthika Deepam (Telugu TV series)|Karthika Deepam]]'' (2017–2023)
* ''[[Kathalo Rajakumari (TV series)|Kathalo Rajakumari]]'' (2018–2020)
*''[[Krishna Mukunda Murari]]'' (2022–2024)
* ''[[Kumkuma Puvvu]]'' (2016–2024)
* ''[[Manasichi Choodu (TV series)|Manasichi Choodu]]'' (2019–2022)
* ''Madhura Nagarilo''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indiantvinfo.com/madhura-nagarilo-serial-star-maa/|title=Madhura Nagarilo Telugu Serial On Star Maa Channel Launching on 14 March at 02:00 PM|website=Indian TV Info}}</ref> (2023–2024)
* ''[[Mounaraagam (Telugu TV series)|Mounaraagam]]'' (2018–2021)
* ''Nagapanchami''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://telugu.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/naga-panchami-serial-in-star-maa-to-start-from-monday-march-27th-121679583741228.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511170540/https://telugu.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/naga-panchami-serial-in-star-maa-to-start-from-monday-march-27th-121679583741228.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 May 2023|title=Naga Panchami Serial in star maa: స్టార్ మాలో కొత్త సీరియల్.. నాగ పంచమి ఎప్పటి నుంచి రాబోతోందంటే..|website=Hindustan Times|language=te}}</ref> (2023-2024)
* ''Oorvasivo Rakshasivo''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indiantvinfo.com/oorvasivo-rakshasivo-serial-star-maa/|title=Oorvasivo Rakshasivo at 10:00 PM, Satyabhama at 09:30 PM - Star Maa New Serials|website=Indian TV Info}}</ref> (2023-2024)
* ''[[Rudramadevi (TV series)|Rudramadevi]]'' (2021)
* ''[[Sasirekha Parinayam (TV series)|Sasirekha Parinayam]]'' (2013–2016)
* ''[[Savitramma Gari Abbayi]]'' (2019–2021)
* ''[[Srimathi Srinivas]]'' (2021–2022)
* ''[[Vadinamma]]'' (2019–2022)

=== Dubbed series ===
* ''[[Parichay – Nayee Zindagi Kay Sapno Ka|Abhinandana]]'' (2012–2013)
* ''[[Sasural Genda Phool|Attarillu]]'' (2010–2012)
* ''[[Nazar (TV series)|Avekallu]]'' (2018–2019)
* ''[[Prem Ya Paheli – Chandrakanta|Chandrakantha]]'' (2017)
* ''[[Ek Hazaaron Mein Meri Behna Hai|Chigurakulalo Chilakamma]]'' (2012–2014)
* ''[[Balika Vadhu|Chinnari Pellikuthuru]]'' (2009–2017)
*''[[Thendral Vandhu Ennai Thodum|Chirugali Vechene]]'' (2022–2023)
* ''[[Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon?|Choopulu Kalisina Subhavela]]'' (2012–2013)
* ''[[CID (Indian TV series)|CID]]'' (2011-2021)
* ''[[Jai Deva Shree Ganesha|Daiva Shree Ganpati]]'' (2020)
* ''[[Diya Aur Baati Hum|Eetaram Illalu]]'' (2013–2017)
* ''[[Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon? Ek Baar Phir|Geetha Govindam]]'' (2018–2019)
* ''[[Hara Hara Mahadeva (TV series)|Hara Hara Mahadeva]]'' (2012–2015)
* ''[[Siya Ke Ram|Janaki Ramudu]]'' (2016–2017)
* ''[[Yehh Jadu Hai Jinn Ka!|Jin Mayajalam]]'' (2020–2021)
* ''[[Kaal Bhairav Rahasya|Kaala Bhairava Rahasyam]]'' (2018)
* ''[[Mere Angne Mein|Kodalu Diddina Kapuram]]'' (2016–2017)
* ''[[Saath Nibhaana Saathiya|Kodala Kodala Koduku Pellama]]'' (2012–2018)
* ''[[Suhani Si Ek Ladki|Kundanapu Bomma]]'' (2017)
* ''[[Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki|Maa Inti Mahalakshmi]]'' (2016–2017)
* ''[[Mahabharat (2013 TV series)|Mahabharatham]]'' (2013–2015)
* ''[[Aranmanai Kili (TV series)|Mahalo Kokila]]'' (2020–2021)
* ''[[Yeh Hai Mohabbatein|Manasupalike Mounageetham]]'' (2015–2016)
* ''[[Nenjam Marappathillai (TV series)|Manasu Mata Vinadhu]]'' (2020–2021)
* ''[[Na Aana Is Des Laado|Naadhi Aadajanme]]'' (2011–2013)
* ''[[Hara Hara Mahadeva (TV series)|Om Namah Shivaya]]'' (2017)
* ''[[Mann Kee Awaaz Pratigya|Pavitra]]'' (2011–2014)
* ''[[Ishqbaaaz|Premayuddham]]'' (2016)
* ''[[Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai|Pellante Noorella Panta]]'' (2012–2016)
* ''[[RadhaKrishn]]'' (2019–2021)
* ''[[Ramayan (1987 TV series)|Ramayanam]]'' (2007–2008, 2020)
* ''[[Adugiran Kannan|Rukhmini]]'' (2007–2009)
* ''[[Shri Krishna (1993 TV series)|Shree Krishna]]'' (2020–2021)
* ''[[Tamil Kadavul Murugan|Sri Subrahmanya Charitham]]'' (2018)
* ''[[Swami Ayyappan (TV series)|Swamiye Saranam Ayyappa]]'' (2007–2008)
* ''[[Laagi Tujhse Lagan|Vasantha Kokila]]'' (2010–2012)
* ''[[Jaana Na Dil Se Door|Ye Maaya Chesave]]'' (2016–2017)

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Lists of TV programs by country}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Lists of television series by network|Star Maa]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian television series|Star Maa]]

Jalangi Assembly constituency

2026-03-26T16:42:29Z

Ilushiklom: general adjust page per sources and improved wording

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Jalangi
| type= SLA
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Vidhan Sabha constituencies/West Bengal/Jalangi.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Jalangi Assembly Constituency
| map_alt =
| mla = [[Abdur Razzak]]
| party = [[All India Trinamool Congress]]
| alliance =
| latest_election_year = [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]]
| constituency_no = 76
| established = 1951
| electors = 261,258
| reservation = None
| abolished =
}}

'''Jalangi Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Murshidabad district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Overview==
As per orders of the [[Delimitation Commission of India|Delimitation Commission]], No. 76 Jalangi Assembly constituency covers [[Jalangi (community development block)|Jalangi]] [[Community Development Block in India|community development block]], and Katlamari I, Katlamari II, Rajapur and Raninagar II [[gram panchayat]]s of [[Raninagar II (community development block)|Raninagar II]] community development block.<ref name =delimitation>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/WestBengal/FINAL%20ORDER%20NOTIFICATION_English.pdf | title = Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 | access-date = 13 July 2014 | work = West Bengal| publisher = Election Commission of India}}</ref>

Jalangi Assembly constituency is part of No. 11 [[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name =delimitation/>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election Year!!Member!!colspan=2|Party
|-
| colspan="4" align=center|'''Jalangi'''
|-
|[[1951 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1951]]||[[A.M.A. Zaman]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<ref name=vidhansabha1952>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_WestBengal.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1951, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1957 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1957]]||Golam Soleman<ref name=vidhansabha1957>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_WB_1957.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1957, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1962 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1962]]||Abdul Bari Moktar||{{Party name with color|Independent}}<ref name=vidhansabha1962>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_WB_1962.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1962, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1967 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1967]]||rowspan=2|Azizur Rahman||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<ref name=vidhansabha1967>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20report%20WB1967.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1967, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1969 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1969]]<ref name=vidhansabha1969>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1969/StatReport_WB_69.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 1969, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission |access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1971 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1971]]||rowspan=2|Prafulla Kumar Sarkar||{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Jana Sangh|rowspan=2}}<ref name=vidhansabha1971>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_WB_71.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1971, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1972 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1972]]<ref name=vidhansabha1972>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_WB_72.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1972, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1977 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1977]]||rowspan=3|Atahar Rahman||{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|dab=yes|rowspan=9}}<ref name=vidhansabha1977>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportWestBengal77.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1977, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1982]]<ref name=vidhansabha1982>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1982/StatisticalReportWestBengal82.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1982, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1987 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1987]]<ref name=vidhansabha1987>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReportWestBengal87.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1987, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1991 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1991]]||rowspan=4|[[Yunus Ali Sarkar]]<ref name=vidhansabha1991>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-West%20Bengal91.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 1991, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[1996 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1996]]<ref name=vidhansabha1996>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-WB96.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1996, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2001]]<ref name=vidhansabha2001>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/StatRept_WB_2001.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 2001, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2006]]<ref name=vidhansabha2006>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_WB_2006.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 2006, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]||rowspan=3|[[Abdur Razzak (Murshidabad politician)|Abdur Razzak]]<ref name=vidhansabha2011>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2011/stat_WB_May2011.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 2011, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 20 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|-
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]||{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|}

==Election results==

===2026===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Jalangi}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Babar Ali (teacher)]]
|party = Trinamool Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Yunus Ali Sarkar]]
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|votes = {{formatnum:}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate =
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = {{formatnum:}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate =
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|party = None of the above (India)
|votes = {{formatnum:}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = {{formatnum:}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = {{formatnum:}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner =
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
In the 2021 election, Abdur Razzak of Trinamool Congress defeated his nearest rival Saiful Islam Molla of CPI (M).

{{Election box begin | title=[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections,2021]]: Jalangi constituency}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=[[Abdur Razzak (Murshidabad politician) | Abdur Razzak]]|votes=123,840|percentage=55.74|change=+18.68}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=Saiful Islam Molla|votes=44,564|percentage=20.06|change=-30.19}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Chandan Mandal|votes=43,773|percentage=19.70|change=+12.36}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Rafika Sultana
|votes = 4,189
|percentage = 1.89
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the above]]|votes=2,551|percentage=1.15|change=-0.13}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen|candidate=Alsokuat Jaman|votes=1,338|percentage=0.60|change=}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Nabendu Kumar Mondal
|votes = 729
|percentage = 0.33
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Amra Bangalee|candidate=Subir Kumar Sarkar|votes=388|percentage=0.17|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Mukti Party|candidate=Md. Abdul Hamid|votes=277|percentage=0.12|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|candidate=Enamul Haque|votes=264|percentage=0.12|change=}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Justice and Development Party
|candidate = Sariful Mondal
|votes = 254
|percentage = 0.11
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=222,167|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
In the 2016 election, Abdur Razzak of CPI(M) defeated his nearest rival Alok Das of Trinamool Congress.

{{Election box begin | title=[[2016 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2016]]: Jalangi constituency<ref name=vidhansabha2011/><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=76| title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011| work = Jalangi| publisher = Empowering India| access-date = 20 April 2011| archive-date = 27 March 2012| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120327190617/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=76| url-status = usurped}}</ref>}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=[[Abdur Razzak (Murshidabad politician) | Abdur Razzak]]|votes=96,250|percentage=50.25|change=+0.70}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=Alok Das|votes=70,983|percentage=37.06|change=+9.54}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Chandan Mondal|votes=14,050|percentage=7.34|change=+2.80}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the above]]|votes=2,445|percentage=1.28|change=+1.28}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=1,91,526|percentage=83.87|change=-5.23}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011===
In the 2011 election, Abdur Razzak of CPI(M) defeated his nearest rival Idris Ali of Trinamool Congress.

{{Election box begin | title=[[2011 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2011]]: Jalangi constituency<ref name=vidhansabha2011/><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=76| title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011| work = Jalangi| publisher = Empowering India| access-date = 20 April 2011| archive-date = 27 March 2012| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120327190617/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=76| url-status = usurped}}</ref>}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=[[Abdur Razzak (Murshidabad politician) | Abdur Razzak]]|votes=85,144|percentage=49.55|change=-1.61}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=Idris Ali|votes=47,283|percentage=27.52|change=-18.72#}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Samsuzzoha Biswas
|votes = 25,834
|percentage = 15.03
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Naba Kumar Sarkar|votes=7,796|percentage=4.54|change=}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = [[Muslim League Kerala State Committee|MLKSC]]
|candidate = Abdul Haque Mondal
|votes = 1,639
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Hashim Biswas
|votes = 1,616
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Manindranath Sarkar|votes=1,119|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Janata Dal (United)|candidate=Sirajul Shah|votes=889|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Amra Bangalee|candidate=Jogesh Chandra Sarkar|votes=514|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=171,834|percentage=89.1|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing = +17.11#
}}
{{Election box end}}

Samsuzzoha Biswas, contesting as an independent candidate, was a rebel Congress candidate supported by the Baharampur MP, [[Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury|Adhir Chowdhury]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110413/jsp/bengal/story_13848435.jsp | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120914141244/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110413/jsp/bengal/story_13848435.jsp | url-status = dead | archive-date = 14 September 2012 |title = Adhir beside rebel, not Pranab | publisher = The Telegraph, 13 April 2006 |access-date = 23 April 2011}}</ref>

.# Swing calculated on Congress+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together in 2006
===1977–2006===
In the [[2006 West Bengal state assembly election|2006]], 2001, 1996 and 1991 state assembly elections Unus Ali Sarkar of [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] won the Jalangi assembly seat defeating his nearest rivals Subrata Saha of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 2006<ref name=vidhansabha2006/> and 2001,<ref name=vidhansabha2001/> Samsuzzoha Biswas of Congress in 1996,<ref name=vidhansabha1996/> and Ranjit Haldar of Congress in 1991.<ref name=vidhansabha1991/> Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners are being mentioned. Atahar Rahman of CPI(M) defeated Abdul Bari Biswas of Congress in 1987,<ref name=vidhansabha1987/> Azizur Rahman of [[Indian National Congress (Socialist)|ICS]] in 1982,<ref name=vidhansabha1982/> and Ranjit Kumar Haldar, Independent in 1977.<ref name=vidhansabha1977/><ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/archive/ElectionAnalysis/AE/S25/Partycomp59.htm |title=59 - Jalangi Assembly Constituency|work=Partywise Comparison Since 1977|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date= 26 September 2010}}</ref>

===1951–1972===
Prafulla Kumar Sarkar of [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]] won in 1972<ref name=vidhansabha1972/> and 1971.<ref name=vidhansabha1971/> Azizur Rahman of Congress won in 1969<ref name=vidhansabha1969/> and 1967.<ref name=vidhansabha1967/> Abdul Bari Moktar, Independent, won in [[1962 West Bengal state assembly election|1962]].<ref name=vidhansabha1962/> Golam Soleman of Congress won in [[1957 West Bengal state assembly election|1957]].<ref name=vidhansabha1957/> In [[1952 West Bengal state assembly election|independent India's first election in 1951]], A.M.A.Zaman of Congress won the Jalangi seat.<ref name=vidhansabha1952/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Murshidabad topics}}
{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}

{{West Bengal elections}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Murshidabad district]]
[[Category:Constituencies established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in West Bengal]]

Clemens Mendonca

2026-03-25T18:12:01Z

Ilushiklom: Created!

{{Short description|Indian theologian}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Clemens Mendonca
| birth_name = Clemens Mendonca
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1949|12|29}}
| birth_place = [[Mangalore]]) [[Karnataka]], [[India]]
| citizenship = [[India]]n
| alma_mater = [[University of Tübingen]], Germany
| occupation = [[Theologian]]
}}

'''Clemens Mendonca''' (born 29 December 1949) is an Indian theologian and executive director of the Institute for the [[Study of religion|Study of Religion]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Institute For The study Of Religion |url=http://www.isrpune.org/html/About_People.html |website=www.isrpune.org|accessdate=27 November 2018}}</ref> She worked as managing director at the Institute for the Study of Religion. She later continued her career as a lecturer at the [[Federation of Asian Bishops' Conferences]] (FABC) and has been an advisor for its theology department since 2004. She is currently the Director for the Institute for the Study of Religion and secretariat of the FABC-OEIA.

==Early life==

Mendonca was born in Mangalore, Karnataka, India on 29 December 1949. In 1966, Clemens started working at the [[Congregation of the Sisters of St. Ann]], a religious community focused on the education of children and teenagers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Goethe-Universität — Gastprofessur 2006 |url=https://www.uni-frankfurt.de/44596003/gastprof_2006 |website=www.uni-frankfurt.de |accessdate=27 November 2018}}</ref>

==Education==
Mendonca went to [[St. Peter's Pontifical Institute of Philosophy and Theology|St. Peter's Pontifical Institute]] of Theology to study Bachelors in Catholic Theology from 1976 to 1980. Following that, she got training at the Order of Sisters of St. Anne for a decade. After completing her training, she started her master's degree in Theology at the Pontifical Institute of Philosophy and Theology [[Jnana-Deepa Vidyapeeth|Jnana Deepa Vidyapeeth]] and finished it in 1993. She then pursued another post graduation degree from the [[University of Tübingen]] in [[practical theology]] from 1997 to 2001. Later, she got her Doctorate from the Faculty of [[Catholic theology]] with her research about, "Dynamics of Symbol and Dialogue: Interreligious Education in India."<ref name="Centro Interculturale Raimon Panikkar">{{cite web |last1=Srl |first1=Tecnoinformatica |title=Centro Interculturale Raimon Panikkar |url=http://www.raimonpanikkar.it/schedapersonale.asp?tp=1&idp=21&H=3&M=3&P= |website=www.raimonpanikkar.it|accessdate=27 November 2018}}</ref>

== Work ==
Mendonca became MD of the Institute for the [[Study of religion|Study of Religion]] at 1993. She continued being a lecturer at the [[Federation of Asian Bishops' Conferences]] (FABC) in theology and [[religious education]]. She started being advisor for the FABC theology department since 2004 in catholic and interfaith issues. She is a specialist in Asian cultural, educational and religious matters and one of the focal subjects of her research project is the role of Indian women according to multi-religious and cultural conditions. She is member of the Ashirvad Community in Pune, an organization aimed at bridging understanding gaps between people, cultures, and religions. She is the Chief Director of the Institute for the Study of Religion at Pune since 1993. She was appointed as the secretariat of the Asian Bishops' Conference FABC-OEIA. She is also the counselor of the Catholic and Inter-religious Issues Department as an expert at the Asian church-theological affairs.<ref>{{cite web |title=Theologie interkulturell aus Indien |url=https://www.publik-forum.de/Publik-Forum-23-2006/theologie-interkulturell-aus-indien |website=Publik-Forum.de|accessdate=27 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="Centro Interculturale Raimon Panikkar" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.isrpune.org/html/Publications_Clemens_Mendonca_articles.html Publication list]
* [http://www.raimonpanikkar.it/schedapersonale.asp?tp=1&idp=21&H=3&M=3&P= Mendonca Clemens]
* [http://www.isrpune.org/html/About_People.html ISR Pune People's Profile]

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mendonca, Clemens}}
[[Category:Women corporate directors]]
[[Category:1949 births]]
[[Category:Women from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Women theologians]]
[[Category:University of Tübingen alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian Roman Catholic theologians]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Mangalore]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian Roman Catholic theologians]]

Ashoka the Great (book)

2026-03-25T15:17:16Z

Ilushiklom: cleaned up formatting to improve readability and added references

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Infobox book| 
| name = Ashoka The Great
| title_orig =
| translator = J.E.Steur
| image = Ashoka the great.jpg
| author = [[Wytze Keuning]]
| cover_artist =
| country =
| language = [[English language|English]]
| series =
| subject = [[Ashoka]], [[Ancient India]]
| genre = [[Historical Fiction]]
| publisher = Rupa Publications
| release_date = 2011
| media_type = Print ([[Hardcover]])
| pages = 1057
| isbn =
| dewey=
| congress=
| oclc=
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
}}

'''''Ashoka The Great''''' is a fictional biography of the emperor [[Ashoka]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=CAP/2011/04/17&PageLabel=23&EntityId=Ar02300&ViewMode=HTML |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110508013914/http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=CAP/2011/04/17&PageLabel=23&EntityId=Ar02300&ViewMode=HTML |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 May 2011 |title=Article Window |website=Epaper.timesofindia.com |date=2011-04-17 |accessdate=2017-07-07}}</ref> It was originally written in Dutch in the form of a trilogy by [[Wytze Keuning]] in 1937–1947. These were translated into English and combined into a single volume by [[J.E. Steur]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/BooksReviews/Emperor-suite/Article1-682888.aspx |title=Emperor suite - Hindustan Times |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125102435/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/BooksReviews/Emperor-suite/Article1-682888.aspx |archive-date=25 January 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Plot==
The book covers the story of Emperor '''Ashoka''' from his youth. He has just finished his education. He is a skilled warrior. He discusses the teachings with the holy Sayana, his guru.

===Ashoka: The Wild Prince===
The book narrates Ashoka's story of youth when he is referred to as 'the wild prince' by the people of his father's kingdom. He is not yet a king and he is unsure about what his father, Bindusara, thinks. Even Bindusara is not sure of what he should do. The laws laid down by the Arthashastra prompt him to proclaim Sumana, his eldest son, as his natural successor. But, he feels that Ashoka is more able. But, Sumana is supported by the Brahmin Council who should not be messed with. The Brahmin council has a huge control over the people in the kingdom, for they make people believe in their spiritual powers, when most of them have none. They use persuasion and vile to dissuade Bindusara from appointing Ashoka as the Viceroy of [[Taxila (ancient)|Taxila]], when a rebellion breaks out. However, Bindusara is aware of all their doings because he keeps a network of highly trusted spies. He ensures that Ashoka does not face much problems in his journey to Taxila. He also tells Ashoka to never let down his guard. In his way to Taxila, Ashoka prevents a woman from committing Sati. When he reaches Taxila, he realizes that the people had rebelled only because they were not happy with the administration. Ashoka holds meetings with his courtiers and the foreigners and restores peace.

===Ashoka : The Wise Ruler===
This book covers his further encounters with the villains sent by the Brahmin court including the cunning Shakuni. He also marries the lovely and wise Asandhamitra, who h o believe in the teachings of the Buddha. This book takes the reader to Ujjain. Ashoka's children [[Mahinda (buddhist monk)|Mahinda]] and [[Sanghamitta]] are born. It ends with the [[Battle of Kalinga]] and remorse faced by the mighty emperor.

===Ashoka : The World's Great Teacher===

==Characters==
*[[Ashoka]] – The Mauryan Emperor and the main protagonist of the story
*[[Bindusara]] – Father of Ashoka
*''Devi'' – Wife of Ashoka, who bore him [[Mahinda (buddhist monk)|Mahinda]] and [[Sanghamitta]]
*[[Asandhamitra]] – fourth wife of Ashoka
*''Sayana'' – a wise sage and adviser to Ashoka
*[[Kullika]] –

==Discovery of the original Dutch books==
{{Quote box|quote= "''The story is not just about a great king whose life choices greatly influenced world history, but also about the struggle of any spiritual seeker, anywhere in the world, in whatever era of time. Ashoka's quest and moral dilemmas are as alive now as they were in his days.''"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-bookreview/article1708187.ece |title=from the blurb - Tirupati |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=2011-04-19 |accessdate=2017-07-07}}</ref> - J.E.Steur, Translator}}
In the preface, Steur describes her 'discovery' of the books. After the discovery, she got in touch with Keuning's descendants, but none of them knew about this creation of Keuning. She discovered that it was written in the town of Groningen of Netherlands where the books were written first during the Nazi era.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/ashokas-dutch-fans/441193/ |title=Ashoka's Dutch fans | Business Standard News |newspaper=Business Standard India |date=2011-07-02 |accessdate=2017-07-07|last1=Raote |first1=Rrishi }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2011 novels]]
[[Category:Dutch novels]]
[[Category:Historical novels]]
[[Category:Novels set in the Maurya Empire]]
[[Category:Memorials to Ashoka]]
[[Category:Rupa Publications books]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Ashoka]]

Y. Kasi Viswanath

2026-03-16T21:18:57Z

Ilushiklom:

{{Short description|Indian actor and director}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Yanamadala Kasi Viswanath
| native_name =
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Seethanagaram mandal|Purushottapatnam]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India
| education = [[B.Com]]
| death_date =
| othername =
| yearsactive = 2002{{ndash}}present
| homepage =
| occupation = Actor, director, screenwriter
| father =
| mother =
| spouse = Hema Latha
| children = 2
}}

'''Yanamadala Kasi Viswanath''' is an Indian actor and film director known for his work in [[Telugu cinema]].<ref name="maastars">{{cite web |last1=MAA Stars |title=Kasi Viswanath |url=http://www.maastars.com/kasi-viswanath/ |url-status=dead |access-date=6 July 2016 |website=maastars.com |publisher=Movie Artists Association |archive-date=24 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224130141/http://www.maastars.com/kasi-viswanath/ }}</ref> He has worked as an assistant director, associate director, and co-director on over 25 films. Viswanath made his directorial debut with the [[romantic comedy]] ''[[Nuvvu Leka Nenu Lenu]]'' (2002), which became a blockbuster.<ref>{{cite news |date=16 February 2006 |title=Telugu actress hospitalised after fall |url=http://inhome.rediff.com/movies/2006/feb/16aarti.htm |accessdate=22 May 2011 |work=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> He then directed ''[[Tholi Choopulone]]'' (2003), which marked the debut of [[Nandamuri Kalyan Ram]].<ref name="idlebrainreview">{{cite web |last1=Jeevi |title=Toli Choopulone Movie Review |url=http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-tolichoopulone.html |access-date=20 July 2016 |website=[[Idlebrain.com]] |publisher=}}</ref> In 2008, he transitioned to acting with ''[[Nacchavule]]'', which became a [[breakthrough role]], and since then, he has appeared in over 90 films.<ref name="ntvnews" />

==Early life==
He was born in Purushottapatnam, [[Seethanagaram mandal]] near [[Rajahmundry]], [[East Godavari district]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. He completed his primary education in his native village. From 6th to 12th standard, he studied in [[Polavaram, West Godavari district|Polavaram]] government high school. He did his B.Com. degree from Raja Mahendravaram. His uncles used to own a film theater. He used to watch films from his childhood. Inspired by the films he used to prepare simple scripts and narrate them to his mother. She also encouraged him.

When he was studying intermediate, he watched a film shooting of ''[[Tholi Kodi Koosindi]]'' (1981) directed by [[K. Balachander]]. He got inspired by that movie and used to discuss films with his uncles. He proposed to his family that he should enter into film industry. His cousin Gadde Ratnaji Rao took him to Chennai and introduced him to Kanoori Ranjith Kumar who was producing the film ''Lanke Bindelu''.<ref name="ntvnews">{{cite web |title=Interview with Director, Actor Kasi Viswanath |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2YNw9l9-BY |access-date=6 July 2016 |website= |publisher=[[NTV (India)|NTV]]}}</ref>

==Film career==

===Film making===
He started as assistant director to [[Vijaya Nirmala]] for the film ''Lanke Bindelu''.<ref name="youtubeinterview1">{{cite web|last1=Shiva|title=Y. Kasi Viswanath Youtube interview|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-KWHQNZky4|website=Youtube|publisher=Shiva|access-date=6 July 2016}}</ref> When the film industry gradually shifted to [[Hyderabad]], he moved there to work with [[Suresh Productions]] assisting in their film making. He worked as a co-director for hit films like ''[[Preminchukundam Raa]]'' (1997), [[Ganesh (1998 film)|''Ganesh'']] (1998), ''[[Kalisundam Raa]]'' (2000). Then he got promoted to director for the film ''[[Nuvvu Leka Nenu Lenu]]'' (2002) written by himself. He also directed the film ''[[Toli Choopulone]]'' (2003) produced by Usha Kiran Movies. It was [[Nandamuri Kalyan Ram]]'s first film as a lead actor.

===Actor===
He got good name as a director for his first film. When he was waiting for the next film, he visited [[Annavaram]] temple. Director [[Ravi Babu]] met him there and offered a father role in his upcoming film ''[[Nachavule]]'' (2008). Ravi Babu and Viswanath knew each other when they were working for Suresh Productions. He accepted that role and it earned him good recognition as an actor. Later he played similar roles in many films.<ref name="ntvnews"/>

==Personal life==
Director [[Sriwass]] is his cousin.<ref name="youtubeinterview1"/>

==Filmography==
===As director===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Title
! Notes
|-
| 2002 || ''[[Nuvvu Leka Nenu Lenu]]''
|Also lyricist
|-
| 2003 || ''[[Toli Choopulone]]''
|
|-
|}

===As actor===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Title !! Role
! Notes
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Nacchavule]]'' || Luv's father
|
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Ride (2009 film)|Ride]]'' || Mahesh's father
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2010 || ''[[Darling (2010 film)|Darling]]'' ||
|
|-
| ''[[Namo Venkatesa]]'' || Ramanujam
|
|-
| ''[[Kalavar King]]'' ||Rajesh's father
|
|-
| rowspan="6" | 2011 || ''[[Parama Veera Chakra]]'' || Income tax officer
|
|-
| ''[[Mr. Perfect (film)|Mr. Perfect]]'' || Maggie's relative
|
|-
| ''[[Kandireega]]'' || Shruti's father
|
|-
| ''[[Mugguru]]'' || Balatripura Sundari's uncle
|
|-
| ''[[It's My Love Story]]'' || Arjun's father
|
|-
| ''[[Priyudu]]'' || Madhu Latha's father
|
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2012 || ''[[Lovely (2012 film)|Lovely]]'' ||
|
|-
| ''[[Adhinayakudu]]''
| Minister
|
|-
| ''[[Endukante... Premanta!|Endukante Premanta]]'' || Chef at Sravanthi's house
|
|-
| ''[[Mem Vayasuku Vacham]]'' || Lucky's father
|
|-
| ''[[Tuneega Tuneega]]'' || Maithri's father ||
|-
| 2013 || ''[[Mirchi (film)|Mirchi]]'' ||
|
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2014 || ''[[Kotha Janta]]'' || Suvarna's father
|
|-
| ''[[Pyar Mein Padipoyane]]'' ||Chinna's father
|
|-
|''[[Drushyam]]''
|Restaurant Owner
|
|-
| ''[[Govindudu Andarivadele]]'' ||Satya's father
|
|-
| ''[[Erra Bus]]'' ||
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2015
|''[[Pataas]]''
|Police officer
|
|-
| ''[[Bhale Bhale Magadivoy]] ''|| Praveen's Boss
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2016 || ''[[Dictator (2016 film)|Dictator]]''|| Babji
|
|-
| ''[[Run (2016 film)|Run]]''|| Srinivas
|
|-
| ''Karam Dosa''|| Transport Office Owner
|
|-
| rowspan="7" | 2017 || ''[[Sathamanam Bhavati]]''||
|
|-
| ''[[Gunturodu]]''|| Suryanarayana's friend
|
|-
| ''[[Maa Abbayi]]''|| Abbayi's father
|
|-
| ''[[Nenorakam]]''||
|
|-
| ''[[Vaisakham]]'' ||
|
|-
| ''[[Kadaisi Bench Karthi]]'' || Karthi's father
| [[Tamil cinema|Tamil film]]
|-
| ''[[Okka Kshanam]]''|| Ramakrishna
|
|-
| rowspan="4" | 2018 || ''[[Naa Peru Surya]]''|| Varsha's father
|
|-
| ''[[Pantham]]''|| Akshara's Father
|
|-
| ''[[Saakshyam]]'' || Advocate Murthy
|
|-
| ''[[Anaganaga O Premakatha]]'' ||
||
|-
| 2019 || ''[[Rakshasudu (2019 film)|Rakshasudu]]'' || Constable Viswanath
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2020 || ''[[Aswathama (film)|Aswathama]]'' ||
|
|-
|''[[Amrutham Dhvitheeyam]]''
| Sanjeevan's father
|
|-
| 2021
|''[[Most Eligible Bachelor (film)|Most Eligible Bachelor]]''
| Defence lawyer
|
|-
| 2022
| ''[[Chor Bazaar (film)|Chor Bazaar]]''
|Judge
|
|-
|2023
|''[[Ranga Maarthaanda]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2024
|''[[Vey Dharuvey]]''
| Shankar's father
|
|-
|[[Kismat (2024 film)|''Kismat'']]
|Karthik's father
|
|-
|''[[Shivam Bhaje]]''
|
|
|-
| ''[[Vidya Vasula Aham]]'' || ||
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|0899798}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Viswanath, Y. Kasi}}
[[Category:Telugu male actors]]
[[Category:Telugu film directors]]
[[Category:People from East Godavari district]]
[[Category:Film directors from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Male actors from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Screenwriters from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Telugu screenwriters]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian screenwriters]]

Jaathakam

2026-03-14T16:03:29Z

Ilushiklom: adjust information also and cleaned formatting

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Jaathakam
| image =
| caption =
| director = [[Suresh Unnithan]]
| producer =
| writer =[[Lohithadas]]
| screenplay =
| starring = [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]] [[Sukumaran]] [[Jayaram]] [[Sithara (actress)|Sithara]] [[Shari (actress)|Shari]] [[Thilakan]] [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]] [[Jagathy Sreekumar]] [[Kaviyoor Ponnamma]]
| music = R. Somashekharan
| cinematography = K.G. Vijayan
| editing =B.Lenin 
V.T Vijayan
| studio =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1989}}
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Malayalam Language|Malayalam]]
}}

'''''Jaathakam''''' (English: Horoscope) is a 1989 [[Cinema of India|Indian]] [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]] film, directed by [[Suresh Unnithan]] and written by [[Lohithadas]].The film stars [[Jayaram]], [[Sithara (actress)|Sithara]], [[Shari (actress)|Shari]], [[Thilakan]], [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]], [[Sukumaran]], [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], [[Jagathy Sreekumar|Jagathy sreekumar]] and [[Kaviyoor Ponnamma|Kaviyoor ponnamma]] in the lead roles. The film has musical score by R. Somashekharan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/malayalam/movies/jaathakam.html|title=Jaathakam|accessdate=2014-09-21|publisher=filmibeat.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://spicyonion.com/title/jaathakam-malayalam-movie/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526060102/http://spicyonion.com/title/jaathakam-malayalam-movie/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=26 May 2015|title=Jaathakam|accessdate=2014-09-21|publisher=spicyonion.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bharatmovies.com/malayalam/info/jathakam.htm|title=Jaathakam|accessdate=2014-09-21|publisher=.bharatmovies.com|archive-date=25 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825110445/http://www.bharatmovies.com/malayalam/info/jathakam.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Plot summary==

Madhavanunni, aka Unni is a young widower who lost his wife even before the celebration of their 1st wedding anniversary. Unni's wife, Shyama, died in an accident. Unni's parents Appukuttan Nair and Janaki Amma have a blind belief in astrology since the death of their elder son. Unni also starts to believe in astrology after the death of his beloved wife Shyama. Unni did not believed in astrology earlier. So, he married Shyama, the girl whom he loved, at a registrar office against the wishes of his parents, with help of his friends and bride's family. After the marriage, Unni's parents reluctantly welcomed the newly wedded couple to their ancestral house. When Unni's parents checked the compatibility between the star signs of Unni and Shyama, they understood that the duo was not at all compatible. Shyama's horoscope had kuja dosha, which would cause early death to her husband. The family did many pujas to save the life of Unni. What really happened was the death of Shyama. She accidentally fell into a well near the kavu (a place where serpents are worshipped). The sudden death of Shyama makes Unni depressed. Unni's parents want him to get married again. But, he prefers to live with memories of his wife Shyama.

A peppy-chirpy girl named Malini, aka Malu comes to the village where Unni and his parents live. Malini's father is a retired professor who is a free thinker. He does not believe in astrology. Malini and her family visit Unni's house. Unni's father and Malini's father are childhood friends, just like Unni and Malini. When Unni sees Malini playing with his scooter, he scolds her. She gets angry. She decides to get him married again. Her futile as well as playful efforts to befriend Unni, crosses all the limits, when she accidentally breaks the photo of Shyama, which infuriates Unni. Unni slaps Malini in rage and pushes her to the door. Her head hits the door and she gets injured. Later, Unni feels guilty and apologises to Malini. Unni's parents like Malini. So, they secretly get the horoscope of Malini with the aid of their family astrologer and check whether it matches with the horoscope of their son. Horoscopes of Unni and Malini match very well. So, Unni's father tells Malini's father about his wish to get Malini as his daughter in law. Malu's father gives consent for the marriage of Unni and Malini by ignoring the protest raised by his elder son and his daughter-in-law. Unni and Malini get married with blessings of their family. They enjoy marital bliss during the 1st few months of their marriage. Malini gets pregnant which adds more happiness to their married life.

Unni's parents decided to see horoscope for the child to be born and astrologer says that child will not have a long life. So he suggested a few remedies, one of them is that Malini has to wear a sacred rope on her waist. When Unni brings it and asks Malini to tie that rope, she playfully says to Unni that her horoscope (Jaathakam) given prior to the wedding may not be accurate. The Unni's family verifies and finds out that Malini's horoscope doesn't match with Unni's. Then, they try to dissolve the marriage - by mentally torturing Malini and tearing apart Unni between his family and his wife in the process. But, Malini is adamant. She is not ready to give up.

Malini's brother, an army officer comes in and tries to take control of the situation. It is then that the story takes a complete twist leading to a fast-paced later half. Malini's brother and Unni have a fight when he sees Unni performing funeral rituals for Malini, who is still alive. Malini goes to her paternal home with her brother. Unni's father makes a tantric perform black magic to kill Malini. Malini's brother catches Appukuttan Nair's loyal servant red-handed while performing black magic.

Malini's brother forcefully brings Unni to the police station where he finds his father's loyal servant. His father's servant confesses to Unni that he witnessed Unni's father killing Shyama to save Unni's life. Unni is shocked to hear this. When Unni asks his father whether what he heard is true or not, his fathers nods. Unni blames his father for ruining his life. When Unni arrives with police to arrest his father, what he sees, is his father's dead body. Appukuttan Nair had committed suicide out of guilt. In the end, Unni and Malini are re-united because Unni's blind faith in astrology is collapsed.

==Cast==
*[[Jayaram]] as Madhavanunni (or Unni)
*[[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]] as Ramachandran Menon (Malini's father)
*[[Sukumaran]] as Somasekharan Menon (Malini's brother)
*[[Shari (actress)|Shari]] as Shyamala née Shyama (Unni's 1st wife)
*[[Thilakan]] as Appukuttan Nair (Unni's father)
*[[Kaviyoor Ponnamma]] as Janaki (Unni's mother)
*[[Sithara (actress)|Sithara]] as Malini (or Malu)
*[[Jagathy Sreekumar]] as Narayana Panikkar (Family Astrologer)
*[[Innocent (actor)as Kunjiraman|Innocent]] (Appukuttan Nair's servant)
*[[Shammi Thilakan]] as Chendakkaran
*[[Premji]] as Vaidyan

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0353569}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20210509170029/https://www.siddhaastrology.com/jathaka-porutham-in-tamil-horoscope-stars/ Jaathakam Porutham]
* [https://siddhaastrology.com/jathaka-porutham-in-tamil-jathaga-porutham-in-tamil-marriage-porutham-in-tamil/ Jaathakam Porutham in Tamil] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520132348/https://siddhaastrology.com/jathaka-porutham-in-tamil-jathaga-porutham-in-tamil-marriage-porutham-in-tamil/ |date=20 May 2022 }}
* [https://siddhaastrology.com/marriage-matching-in-malayalam/ Jaathakam Porutham in Malayalam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820053146/https://siddhaastrology.com/marriage-matching-in-malayalam/ |date=20 August 2022 }}
{{A. K. Lohithadas}}
[[Category:1989 films]]
[[Category:1989 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Films about astrology]]

Sathish

2026-03-13T17:35:45Z

Ilushiklom:

{{about|the actor|other uses|Sathish (disambiguation) }}
{{short description|Indian actor and comedian (born 1987)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sathish
| image = Sathish_M.jpg
| caption = In 12th Annual Edison Awards on 17 February 2019
| native_name =
| birth_name = Sathish Muthukrishnan
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1987|05|23}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moviefone.com/celebrity/sathish/qosLl7dwTTQeBp8Q4cy747/filmography/|title = Sathish - Movies - Filmography}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tamil.filmibeat.com/celebs/sathish-marina-fame/filmography.html|title = சதீஷ்'s filmography and latest film release news}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |author=Sathish |author-link=Sathish |user=actorsathish |number=1131540153732755457 |date=23 May 2019 |title=Ha ha. Nice birthday wishes from @Actorjiiva bro and Unit😝😝 https://t.co/uD1CNRUANi |language=en |access-date=9 May 2021}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Elampillai]], [[Salem, Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tamil.cinemaprofile.com/actor/sathish-tamil-actor-biography-exclusive-online.html|title=Sathish - Tamil Actor, Profile, Personal Details, Biography, Info, Photos, Birth day, Wiki, Awards and Sathish Marriage | Tamil Cinema Actors Profile|access-date=17 November 2016|archive-date=27 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127064450/https://tamil.cinemaprofile.com/actor/sathish-tamil-actor-biography-exclusive-online.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| alma_mater =
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Actor]]|[[Comedian]]| [[Television host]]}}
| years_active = 2006–present
| spouse = {{marriage|Sindhu|2019}}
| children = 1
| website =
}}

'''Sathish Muthukrishnan''' (born 23 May 1987) is an Indian actor and comedian working in the [[Tamil cinema]]. He made a breakthrough portraying a role alongside [[Sivakarthikeyan]] in ''[[Ethir Neechal (2013 film)|Ethir Neechal]]'' (2013).<ref>{{cite web|last=Gupta |first=Rinku |url=http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Romancing-on-screen-is-a-tough-task-for-me/2013/06/19/article1641327.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023133355/http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Romancing-on-screen-is-a-tough-task-for-me/2013/06/19/article1641327.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 October 2013 |title='Romancing on screen is a tough task for me' |publisher=The New Indian Express |date=19 June 2013 |access-date=11 November 2013}}</ref> He won [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Award for Best Comedian]] for his performance in ''[[Kaththi]]'' (2014), ''[[Thangamagan]]'' (2015) and ''[[Remo (film)|Remo]]'' (2016) and [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Award for Best Appearance]] for the film ''[[Tamizh Padam 2]]'' (2018).

==Personal life==

Born in a middle-class iyer family, Sathish barely attended school and worked part-time jobs alongside his studies to support his family. Interested in cinema, he joined Crazy Mohan's Troupe in 2001, at the age of 14 and performed for many years as part of the troupe. He received many awards for the dramas from Kamal Haasan <ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/9I6pN-p2ERE Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20200301121656/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9I6pN-p2ERE Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9I6pN-p2ERE| title = தன்னைப்பற்றிய ரகசியங்களை வெளியிட்ட நடிகர் சதீஷ் {{!}} Natchathira Jannal {{!}} 12/08/2018 | website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and other celebrities.

Sathish married Sindhu in December 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/photos-sivakarthikeyan-vijay-sethupathi-and-udhayanidhi-attend-sathish-sindhus-wedding-reception/articleshow/72469302.cms|title=Photos: Sivakarthikeyan, Vijay Sethupathi, and Udhayanidhi attend Sathish-Sindhu's wedding reception|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jfwonline.com/article/sathishwedssindhu-check-out-all-the-pictures-from-the-grand-wedding/|title = #SathishWedsSindhu: Check Out All the Pictures from the Grand Wedding!}}</ref> The couple have a daughter.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/actor-sathish-blessed-with-baby-girl/articleshow/79037180.cms|title=Actor Sathish blessed with baby girl|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |author=Sathish |author-link=Sathish |user=actorsathish |number=1323885391066275846 |date=4 November 2020 |title=Dear friends and family, We blessed with a Girl baby. Need all ur blessings 🙏🏻😍🙏🏻 |language=en |access-date=9 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407073616/https://twitter.com/actorsathish/status/1323885391066275846 |archive-date=7 April 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Career==
Sathish worked with [[Crazy Mohan]] in his theatre troupe for eight years, honing his histrionics and acting, while also helping write dialogues for his productions and acting in their stage plays ''Meesai Aanaalum Manaivi'' and ''Jurassic Baby'' as Cheenu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESe0wxM8MbQ|title=Crazy Mohan's Honor to Actor Chaams & Sathish l Meesai Aanalum Manaivi l#RIPCrazyMohan|date=27 June 2019|via=YouTube}}</ref> His debut was in the movie ''[[Jery (film)|Jery]]'' (2006) where he played a small role. [[A. L. Vijay]] made him a co-dialogue writer for ''[[Poi Solla Porom]]'' (2008), before offering him an acting role in ''[[Madrasapattinam]]'' (2010).

In 2013 he appeared in Senthil Kumar's ''[[Ethir Neechal (2013 film)|Ethir Neechal]]'' portraying [[Sivakarthikeyan]]'s friend, with a critic noting that the duo "complement each other’s comic timing".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/south-review-ethir-neechal-is-an-absolute-delight/20130503.htm |title=Review: Ethir Neechal is an absolute delight – Rediff.com Movies |work=Rediff.com |date=3 May 2013 |access-date=11 November 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/ethir-neechal-review-review-tamil-15027678.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501131955/http://www.sify.com/movies/ethir-neechal-review-review-tamil-15027678.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 May 2013 |title=Movie Review : Ethir Neechal Review |website=[[Sify]] |access-date=11 November 2013}}</ref> His next notable role was as an IT professional Sandy in ''[[Maan Karate]]'' (2014), written by [[AR Murugadoss]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Sathish-on-a-Comical-High/2014/04/02/article2144004.ece1#.Uz7XZvldWSo|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407151112/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Sathish-on-a-Comical-High/2014/04/02/article2144004.ece1#.Uz7XZvldWSo|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 April 2014|title = Sathish on a Comical High}}</ref> He played an important role in ''[[Kaththi]]'' (2014), co-starring [[Vijay (actor)|Vijay]] in the lead role.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-10/sathish-to-join-vijay-and-murugadoss--sathish--ethir-neechal-15-05-13.html |title=Sathish to join Vijay and Murugadoss? , Sathish , Ethir Neechal |publisher=Behindwoods.com |date=15 May 2013 |access-date=11 November 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/93676.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623000140/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/93676.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 June 2013 |title='Ethir Neechal' Sathish With ARM – Tamil Movie News |website=IndiaGlitz.com |date=15 May 2013 |access-date=11 November 2013}}</ref>

He received [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Award for Best Comedian]] for the films ''[[Kaththi]]'' (2014), ''[[Thangamagan]]'' (2015) and ''[[Remo (film)|Remo]]'' (2016).

Sathish played the role of an antagonist in the 2018 parody film ''[[Tamizh Padam 2]]'', which was written and directed by C. S. Amudhan.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sathish reveals an unused getup from 'Tamizh Padam 2'|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/sathish-reveals-an-unused-getup-from-thamizh-padam-2/articleshow/75250946.cms|access-date=2021-07-01|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

He marks his debut as a lead actor in ''[[Naai Sekar]]'' (2022).<ref>{{Cite news |title=Naai Sekar Movie Review
|url=https://indiaglitz.com/naai-sekar-review-tamil-movie-26344 |access-date=2022-01-13 |work=Indiaglitz}}</ref> He has delivered his next film as a hero in the horror comedy, titled ''[[Conjuring Kannappan]]'' (2023).<ref>{{Cite news |title='Conjuring Kannappan' social media review: A worth watch family drama for the weekend
|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/conjuring-kannappan-social-media-review-a-worth-watch-family-drama-for-the-weekend/articleshow/105837913.cms |access-date=2023-12-08 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> He was later acted in the crime thrillers films such as ''[[Vithaikkaaran]]'' (2024) and ''[[Sattam En Kaiyil (2024 film)|Sattam En Kaiyil]]'' (2024).<ref>{{Cite news |title=Vithaikkaaran gets OTT premiere
|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Mar/24/vithaikkaaran-gets-ott-premiere |access-date=2024-03-24 |work=Cinema Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Sattam En Kaiyil Movie Review: A spectacular second half makes up for a weak start
|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2024/Sep/27/sattam-en-kaiyil-movie-review-a-spectacular-second-half-makes-up-for-a-weak-start |access-date=2024-09-27 |work=Cinema Express}}</ref>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of Sathish film credits
|- style="background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;"
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Film
! scope="col" | Role
! class="unsortable" scope="col" | Notes
|-
| 2006 || ''[[Jery (film)|Jery]]'' || Farooque || credited as Sathish Ilampillai
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Poi Solla Porom]]'' || {{N/a}} || as dialogue assistant
|-
|rowspan="3"|2010||''[[Tamizh Padam ]]''|| Pandiya||
|-
|''[[Kola Kolaya Mundhirika]]''|| Sukku Malli ||
|-
|''[[Madrasapattinam]]''|| Pacha ||
|-
|rowspan="3"| 2011|| ''[[Mugaputhagam]]'' || Sathish || Short film
|-
|''[[Vaagai Sooda Vaa]]''|| Kavattaiyan||
|-
| ''[[Mahaan Kanakku]]'' || Mandotharan ||
|-
|rowspan="3"| 2012||''[[Marina (2012 film)|Marina]]''|| Makudu ||
|-
|''[[Maalai Pozhudhin Mayakathilaey]]''|| Tarun ||
|-
|''[[Thaandavam]]''|| Bullappan ||
|-
|rowspan="3"|2013||''[[Vathikuchi]]''|| Vanaraj's friend ||
|-
|''[[Ethir Neechal (2013 film)|Ethir Neechal]]''|| Peter || Nominated, [[Vijay Award for Best Comedian]]
|-
|''[[Naiyaandi]]''|| Chinna Vandu's friend ||
|-
|rowspan="4"| 2014 ||''[[Maan Karate]]''|| Sandy||
|-
|''[[Sigaram Thodu]]''|| Kay Kay ||
|-
| ''[[Uyirukku Uyiraga]]'' || Karthik's friend ||
|-
|''[[Kaththi]]''|| Ravi/Sodhu || [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Award for Best Comedian]]
|-
|rowspan="4"| 2015 ||''[[Aambala]]''|| Shakthi ||
|-
|''[[Tamizhuku En Ondrai Azhuthavum]]''|| Raja ||
|-
|''[[Vai Raja Vai]]''||Sathish ||
|-
|''[[Thangamagan]]''||Kumaran|| [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Award for Best Comedian]]
|-
| rowspan="8" | 2016 ||''[[Muthina Kathirikai]]''||Saravanan||
|-
|''[[Mudinja Ivana Pudi]]''|| Sathish ||
|-
|''[[Kotigobba 2]]''|| Satya's friend || [[Kannada]] film
|-
|''[[Devi (2016 film)|Devi]]''|| rowspan="2"| Mad Max ||
|-
|''[[Devi (2016 film)|Abhinetri]]''|| [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film
|-
|''[[Rekka (film)|Rekka]]''|| Keerai ||25th Film
|-
|''[[Remo (film)|Remo]]''|| Vallikanth|| [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Award for Best Comedian]] Nominated, [[6th South Indian International Movie Awards|SIIMA Award for Best Comedian]]
|-
|''[[Parandhu Sella Vaa]]''||Mani ||
|-
| rowspan="8"| 2017||''[[Bairavaa]]''||Shanmugam ||
|-
|''[[Motta Shiva Ketta Shiva]]''||Sathish||
|-
|''[[Yaar Ivan]]''|| Srinivasan ||
|-
|''[[Hara Hara Mahadevaki]]''||Kathir||
|-
|rowspan="2"|''[[Solo (2017 film)|Solo]]''||Pattu ||
|-
| Shekhar's friend
| [[Malayalam]] film; cameo appearance in "Kandu Nee Enne"
|-
|''[[Sathya (2017 Tamil film)|Sathya]]''||Babu Khan ||
|-
|''[[Velaikkaran (2017 film)|Velaikkaran]]''||Hari ||
|-
|rowspan="6"| 2018||''[[Kalakalappu 2]]''||Gopal ||
|-
|''[[Solli Vidava]]''|| Sanjay's friend ||
|-
|''[[Pakka (film)|Pakka]]''|| 'Dhoni' Kumar's friend||
|-
|''[[Mr. Chandramouli]]''|| Padmani||
|-
|''[[Tamizh Padam 2]]''|| Pandiya (P) and Peeyar ||[[Dual role]] [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Award for Best Appearance]]
|-
|''[[Ghajinikanth]]''|| Mohan||
|-
|rowspan="7"|2019||''[[Boomerang (2019 film)|Boomerang]]''||Gopal||
|-
|''[[July Kaatril]]''||Murali||
|-
|''[[Agni Devi]]''||Sathyamoorthy IPS||
|-
|''[[Mr Local]]''|| P. Raja||
|-
|''[[Gorilla (film)|Gorilla]]''|| Sathish||
|-
|''[[Sixer (2019 film)|Sixer]]''|| Gimikly ||
|-
|''[[Aruvam]]''||Sorimuthu||
|-
| 2020 ||''[[Seeru]]''|| Kobi ||
|-
|rowspan="6"| 2021 ||''[[Bhoomi (2021 film)|Bhoomi]]''|| Bhoominathan's friend ||
|-
|''[[Teddy (film)|Teddy]]''|| Shiva's friend ||50th Film
|-
|''[[Sulthan (2021 film)|Sulthan]]''|| Shakthi || Guest appearance
|-
|''[[Friendship (2021 film)|Friendship]]''|| Jeeva ||
|-
|''[[Annaatthe]]'' || Sathyaseelan ||Guest appearance
|-
|''[[Raajavamsam]]'' || Kannan's friend ||
|-
| rowspan="6" |2022 || ''[[Naai Sekar]]'' || Sekar ||Debut as lead role
|-
| ''[[Hostel (2022 film)|Hostel]]'' || Jeeva ||
|-
| ''[[Ranga (2022 film)|Ranga]]'' || Adithyaa's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Oke Oka Jeevitham|Kanam]]''|| Kathir ||
|-
| ''[[Pistha (2022 film)|Pistha]]'' || Sathish ||
|-
| ''[[Oh My Ghost (film)|Oh My Ghost]]'' || Bharathi ||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 2023 || ''[[Varisu (2023 film)|Varisu]]'' || Vijay’s friend ||
|-
|''[[Kannai Nambathey]]'' || Jagan ||
|-
|''[[Thudikkum Karangal (2023 film)|Thudikkum Karangal]]'' || Annamalai||
|-
|''[[Conjuring Kannappan]]'' || Kannappan ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2024 || ''[[Vithaikkaaran]]'' || Vetri and Shakthi || [[Dual role]]
|-
| ''[[Sattam En Kaiyil (2024 film)|Sattam En Kaiyil]]'' || Gautham ||
|-
| 2025 || ''[[Sumo (film)|Sumo]]'' || Inspector V. Anbu ||
|-
| 2026 || ''[[Mustafa Mustafa (film)|Mustafa Mustafa]]'' || Karthik || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/mustafa-mustafa/movie-review/129135962.cms|title=Mustafa Mustafa Movie Review: Buddy comedy that runs on fumes|website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-




|-
|}

== Television ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+List of performances and appearances on television
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role(s)
! scope="col" | Network
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2016 || [[5th South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| rowspan="2" | Host
| rowspan="2" | [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]] || Co-hosted with [[Shiva (actor)|Shiva]]
|-
| 2017 || [[6th South Indian International Movie Awards]] || Co-hosted with [[Dhanya Balakrishna]]
|-
|2021
|''[[Documental#International versions|LOL: Enga Siri Paapom]]''
|Contestant
|[[Amazon Prime]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/lol-enga-siri-papom-review-a-drought-of-humour-9920281.html|title=Lol: Enga Siri Papom review — A drought of humour|date=28 August 2021|website=Firstpost|access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref>
|-
| 2023 || [[11th South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| rowspan="2" | Host
| rowspan="2" | [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
| Co-hosted with [[Pavithra Lakshmi]]
|-
| 2024 || [[12th South Indian International Movie Awards]] || Co-hosted with [[Bhavana Balakrishnan]]
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|3951906}}
* {{facebook|SathishActorOfficial}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Tamil comedians]]
[[Category:1987 births]]
[[Category:People from Salem district]]

Comedian Peter

2026-03-07T08:00:27Z

Ilushiklom: Created!

{{Short description|Indian comedian and actor (1957–2010)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Comedian Peter
| image = Comedian Peter.jpg
| caption = Portrait of da Costa in his later years
| birth_name = Pedro Menino da Costa
| birth_place = [[Margão]], [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]], [[Portuguese Empire]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1957|9|16|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|2010|10|11|1957|9|16|df=y}}
| other_names = {{hlist|Peter D'Costa|Peter de Colva}}
| death_place = [[Colva, Goa]], India
| occupation = {{hlist|Comedian|actor|composer|playwright}}
| years_active = 1974–2010
| spouse = {{marriage|Margarida da Costa|1999}}
| children = 2
| relatives = [[Josephine Dias]] (sister)
| burial_place = Our Lady of Merces Church cemetery, Colva, Goa, India
}}

'''Pedro Menino da Costa''' (16 September 1957 – 11 October 2010), known professionally as '''Comedian Peter''', was an Indian comedian, actor, composer, ghostwriter, playwright, and lyricist known for his work in [[Tiatr#khell tiatr|''khell'']] and ''[[tiatr]]'' productions.

==Early life==
Pedro Menino da Costa was born on 16 September 1957, in [[Margão]], [[Goa]], which was a part of [[Portuguese India]] during the period of the [[Portuguese Empire]]. He was born into a [[Goan Catholic]] family with a strong connection to the traditional [[Goan]] theater known as ''[[tiatr]]''. His father, Casiano, hailed from [[Varca]], Goa, while his mother, Maria Santana Joana da Silva, a [[homemaker]], came from [[Colva]], Goa.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=30 June 2006 |title=Registo De Nascimento |url=https://goaonline.gov.in/Appln/UIL/BirthDeathCertificate_af?__Key=&_Mode=B&__cscKey= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810131321/https://goaonline.gov.in/HomePage |archive-date=10 August 2023 |access-date=10 August 2023 |website=Goa Online}}</ref> ''Tiatr'' played a significant role in da Costa's family, with several relatives actively involved as writers and actors in this form of entertainment.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Times |first=Navhind |date=2023-07-18 |title=Golden years in tiatr – The Navhind Times |work=The Navhind Times |url=https://www.navhindtimes.in/2023/07/18/magazines/buzz/golden-years-in-tiatr/ |access-date=2024-05-14 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718133733/https://www.navhindtimes.in/2023/07/18/magazines/buzz/golden-years-in-tiatr/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Notable among his siblings were Dioginho (born 1951), as well as the late Camilo, Joaquim, [[Josephine Dias]], and David, all of whom were performers in the [[Konkani language|Konkani]] theater scene.<ref name=":1" /> Da Costa's father, not only had a presence as a performer in ''tiatrs'' but also made contributions as a playwright and director within the [[Tiatr|Konkani theater]] community. His involvement further enriched the family's background in the art form.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An award to bring out the best of young talent on the Konkani stage |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Cafe/An-award-to-bring-out-the-best-of-young-talent-on-the-Konkani-stage/207146 |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=oHeraldo |date=31 August 2022 |archive-date=2023-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709210337/https://www.heraldgoa.in/Cafe/An-award-to-bring-out-the-best-of-young-talent-on-the-Konkani-stage/207146 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Career==
Da Costa began his early involvement in the [[performing arts]] as a young performer, introduced to the field by his father, Casiano, within the realm of ''[[tiatr]]s'', a traditional [[Goan]] style of theater. Later on, da Costa shifted to engaging in ''zomnivoile khell'', which are popular [[street play]]s found in [[Goa]]. He gained recognition for his performances in [[Shalibai]]'s ''fells'', synonymous with ''[[Tiatr#Khell tiatr|khell]]'' productions. In addition to his acting endeavors, da Costa began writing ''khells'' and assumed the role of a young [[mestre]], imparting [[Act (drama)|play act]]s, known as "''partio''", to a group of aspiring youths from [[Quepem taluka#Settlements|Assolda]] and Paroda-[[Quepem]] on a regular basis. It was through his involvement in A. M. Pacheco's ''[[Tiatr#Khell tiatr|khell-tiatrs]]'', specifically ''Odruxtt'' (1974) and ''Mr. Romeo'' (1974),<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=25 October 2015 |title=Tiatrist Profiles (Konkani Drama): A.M.Pacheco |url=https://tiatracademyofgoa.com/ |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=[[Tiatr Academy of Goa]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210194355/https://tiatracademyofgoa.com/ |archive-date=2011-02-10 }}</ref> that da Costa secured a breakthrough in the commercial theater domain.<ref name=":0" />

Da Costa showcased his versatility as an artist by portraying characters with both comedic and serious undertones, demonstrating his ability to excel in diverse roles across the spectrum of performing arts. He initially emerged as Comedian Peter in A. M. Pacheco's uninterrupted drama ''Fator'' (Stone) staged in 1981.<ref name=":2" /> Da Costa's comedic prowess shone through his delivery of dialogues and body movements, leaving audiences in fits of laughter. His talent for [[Impressionist (entertainment)|mimicking]] prominent personalities from the realms of ''tiatr'', politics, society, and religion further contributed to his acclaim.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Da Costa |first=Fausto V. |title=TIATR 125th Anniversary Commemorative Volume |publisher=[[Tiatr Academy of Goa]] |year=2019 |location=[[Panaji, Goa]] |pages=127–128}}</ref> Throughout his career, da Costa collaborated with popular [[Konkani language|Konkani]] directors such as Pascoal Rodrigues, Filipe Almeida Minino Mario, Milagres de Chandor, and F. Cardozo, participating in their respective ''tiatr'' productions.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Comedian Peter is dead |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/The-Sunday-Roundtable/comedian-peter-is-dead/41135 |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=oHeraldo |date=31 August 2022 |archive-date=2024-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427183707/https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/The-Sunday-Roundtable/comedian-peter-is-dead/41135 |url-status=live }}</ref>

D'Costa was also a popular figure<ref>{{Cite web |title=Celebrating the golden generation |url=https://www.thegoan.net//celebrating-the-golden-generation/1224.html |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=The Goan EveryDay |language=en |archive-date=2024-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240323172309/https://www.thegoan.net//celebrating-the-golden-generation/1224.html |url-status=live }}</ref> in the realm of ''[[tiatr]]'' and ''[[Tiatr#Khell tiatr|khell-tiatr]]'', where he left a mark as both a performer and composer. Alongside A. M. Pacheco, he showcased his comedic talent in the works of acclaimed artists such as Premanand Lotlikar, [[Roseferns]], and Christopher-Meena. Da Costa's creative prowess extended to composing the "''cantos''" (Konkani songs) for Premanand Lotlikar's seven ''khell-tiatrs'', including popular productions such as ''Loz Ani Dukh'' (Shame and Sadness), ''Zindabad'' (Long Live), ''To Mhozo Oprad'' (That is my Fault), and ''Povitr Papi'' (Holy Sinner). In A. M. Pacheco's theatrical work ''Don Roste'' (Two Roads), da Costa demonstrated his acting range by taking on the character of a police officer, illustrating his ability to excel outside of comedic roles.<ref name=":0" />

Additionally, he exhibited his talent as a writer by creating ''tiatrs'' and ''khell-tiatrs'', frequently collaborating with others for their staging and production. However, he independently produced one ''tiatr'', titled ''Palov''. Da Costa's musical aptitude was recognized, particularly his ability to compose songs swiftly. He enhanced his reputation as a [[songwriter]] by crafting lyrics for songs and ''cantos'' that were utilized by several ''[[tiatrist]]s'' in their performances. His extensive discography included several [[Cassette tape|cassette]]s, [[CD]]s, and [[VCD]]s featuring his songs and plays, such as ''Upkar'', ''Mahatma Gandhi'', ''Circus'', ''Very Good Bhakar'', ''Abhi Tak Zinda Hai'', and ''Teg Bhav Deva Pau''. In the production ''Teg Bhav Deva Pau'', da Costa embodied [[Dual role|three distinct characters]], leaving an impact on fans of ''tiatr''.<ref name=":0" /> Da Costa introduced his final album, ''Peter D'Costa Abhi Tak Zinda Hai, Rok Sakta to Roklo'', shortly before his death.<ref name=":1" />

==Personal life==
Da Costa resided in the fourth ward of [[Colva]], Goa.<ref name=":0" /> On 12 May 1999, he entered into a [[civil marriage]] with Margarida da Costa, a [[homemaker]] originally from Macasana, Goa but born in [[Benaulim]]. The civil marriage was officially registered at the [[Salcete]] registrar's office. Subsequently, on 17 May, the couple solemnized their marriage with an official church ceremony at Our Lady of Merces Church in Colva, Goa. At the time of their union, da Costa was 41 years old, while Margarida was 33. In addition to his involvement in the [[Tiatr|Konkani stage]], da Costa also had a business venture during this period.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dourado |first=Martinho |date=199 |title=Marriage Register |url=https://services.goaonline.gov.in/t-bhBeG0CQ4fUsYdqv8IWwf5w3eZzN2KGTpvN2hifLJPLWeFdNsAhiO1IVBeFWJo--sxuDiSkj4cBouH8BYx9uSNz3jbx95PL995kcSxtnrrU1qqZUeFHBL0zH_B_o_qI0Yn9nWEpm_kl2vuh1xW8sAol-2ZD-iDWhXpXWE_eMk/t-bc8/9nW91 |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=Goa Online }}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Together, he and Margarida had two sons named Marion (born 2005)<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2005 |title=Directorate of Planning, Statistics and Evaluation and Office of the Chief Registrar of births and deaths |url=https://rbd.goa.gov.in/Certificate/CertificateSelect_goaonline.aspx |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=Goa Online |archive-date=27 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027073241/https://rbd.goa.gov.in/Certificate/CertificateSelect_goaonline.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> and Macklin.<ref name=":3" /> Da Costa's limited stage presence during the 2000s was attributed to his struggle with a [[Liver disease|liver ailment]] that significantly impacted his health. Despite his illness, he remained moderately active and released his final Konkani album titled ''Peter D'Costa Abhi Tak Zinda Hai Rok Sakta to Roklo'' one day prior to his demise.<ref name=":0" />

==Death==
On 11 October 2010, da Costa, aged 53, died at his residence in [[Colva]], Goa. The subsequent day, a [[funeral service]] was conducted at Our Lady of Merces Church in Colva, where he was interred.<ref name=":1" />

===Reactions===
Theatre director [[Roseferns]], conveyed dismay and grief upon learning about the death of his long-time collaborator, da Costa, who had been an integral part of his professional journey for nearly a decade. Recognized for his expertise in [[character comedy]] and impersonation, da Costa earned admiration from Roseferns, who endeavored to showcase his talents effectively during performances. In a candid interview, da Costa expressed appreciation for Roseferns' insights into his comedic strengths, acknowledging the director's understanding of his comedic prowess. Sally, a comedic performer who shared the stage with da Costa in Roseferns' [[theatrical troupe|theatrical group]], lauded his dedication to his craft and pursuit of artistic perfection. Their strong [[rapport]] on stage was evident, and Sally expressed his condolences to da Costa's family.<ref name=":1" />

''[[O Heraldo]]'', a local newspaper, offered its condolences to the bereaved family, recognizing da Costa's.contributions to the field of comedy.<ref name=":1" /> The [[Tiatr Academy of Goa]] (TAG) also extended its sympathies, acknowledging da Costa as a proficient comedian who added liveliness and entertainment to ''[[tiatr]]'' performances. TAG highlighted his talent for mimicking famous personalities within the ''tiatr'' community, bringing laughter to audiences through his delivery and physicality. The academy lamented the loss of da Costa, describing him as an intelligent comedian who will be deeply missed on the ''tiatr'' stage. The sentiments of TAG were conveyed by [[Tomazinho Cardozo]], the then-president of the academy.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=11 October 2010 |title=Peter D'Costa's Death Condoled |work=[[O Heraldo]] |pages=10}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Peter, Comedian}}
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:Tiatrists]]
[[Category:Actors from South Goa district]]

Tosali

2026-03-06T17:07:45Z

Ilushiklom: General cleanup and content improvements

{{Short description|Ancient city in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
'''Tosali''' or '''Toshali''' was an ancient city in the present day [[Odisha, India|Odisha]] state in eastern [[India]]. It was the capital of the eastern province of the [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga Kingdom]].<ref>Thapar, R. (2001) ''{{IAST|Aśoka}} and the Decline of the Mauryas'', New Delhi: Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|0-19-564445-X}}, p.100</ref> While some scholars tried to identify this ancient city with [[Dhauli]], 7 km away from [[Bhubaneshwar]],<ref>Thapar, R. (2001) ''{{IAST|Aśoka}} and the Decline of the Mauryas'', New Delhi: Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|0-19-564445-X}}, p.230</ref> other scholars were inclined to identify this city with Shishupalgarh, 5 km away from Bhubaneshwar.<ref>[http://orissagov.nic.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/july2006/engpdf/49-53.pdf Dhauli: An early Historic Urban Centre of Orissa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010103619/http://orissagov.nic.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/july2006/engpdf/49-53.pdf |date=2008-10-10 }} in Orissa Review, July, 2006</ref>

Recent archaeological excavations showing fort ruins and major ancient era weapons, inscriptions and presence of Kushan era gold coins gives credence to the sites at Radhanagar near [[Brahmani river]] in [[Jajpur district]] to be the most likely location of Tosali.<ref>{{cite news |title=India: Odisha farmer finds gold coin dating back to second century |url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/india-odisha-farmer-finds-gold-coin-dating-back-to-second-century-1.1596814365162 |website=Gulf News |last1=Sudarsan |first1=Surabhi |date=August 7, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title= This excerpt from a new book recasts Emperor Ashoka reputation as a pacifist |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/this-excerpt-from-a-new-book-recasts-emperor-ashoka-reputation-as-a-pacifist/story-TqfYHU3yhLxt3SXFfqUK5J.html |website=The Hindustan Times |date=August 7, 2016}}</ref>

==Excavations at Shishupalgarh==
{{Main|Sisupalgarh}}
[[File:Shishupalgarh.JPG|thumb|300px|right|Eighteen stone pillars discovered during the excavations at Shishupalgarh]]
In 1948, the first excavation in Shishupalgarh was conducted by an [[Archaeological Survey of India]] team led by B.B. Lal, followed by another in 1950. These excavations led to the discovery of an ancient fortified urban centre in Shishupalgarh. The mud fortification, constructed in the early 2nd century BCE is almost square shaped and about 1.2 km each side. The evidence of habitation outside the fortified area between 300 BCE to 350 CE was also found during the excavations.<ref name="singh1">{{cite book|last=Singh|first=Upinder|title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century|year=2008|publisher=Pearson Education|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-317-1677-9|page=338}}</ref>

Since 2001, a joint team from the Deccan College, [[Pune]] and the University of California started excavating this site again. So far, the major findings of this team include eighteen stone pillars.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/08/stories/2008020859211100.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080211093450/http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/08/stories/2008020859211100.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 February 2008|title=Sisupalgarh had a flourishing urban life: researchers|last=Barik|first=Satyasundar|date=8 February 2008|work=[[The Hindu]]|accessdate=7 August 2010}}</ref>

==Radhanagar site==
===Ashokan stupas===
The 10 Ashokan [[Stupa|stupas]] described by the Chinese traveller [[Xuanzang]] in his travel accounts [[Great Tang Records on the Western Regions]] were discovered nearby. The site matches the accounts made by Hieun Tsang, which he mentions that area here Emperor [[Ashoka]] built these stupas to commemorate [[Gautama Buddha]]'s visit and preaching.<ref name="frontline" >{{cite news |title=Exploring an ancient kingdom |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/other/article30206484.ece |website=The Hindu |last1=Das|first1=Prafulla |date=October 7, 2005}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|India}}
* [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]]
* [[Maurya Empire]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|20|13|35.9|N|85|51|11.0|E|display=title}}

[[Category:Ancient Indian cities]]
[[Category:Kalinga (India)]]
[[Category:Former populated places in India]]

{{Orissa-geo-stub}}

Lift (2021 film)

2026-03-05T21:24:41Z

Ilushiklom: Adding post

{{short description|2021 Indian Tamil-language horror drama thriller film by Vineeth Varaprasad}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Lift
| image = Lift film poster.jpg
| caption = Official release poster
| director = [[Vineeth Varaprasad]]
| producer = Hepzi
| story =
| screenplay =
| writer = Vineeth Varaprasad
| based_on =
| starring = {{ubl|[[Kavin (actor)|Kavin]]|[[Amritha Aiyer]]}}
| cinematography = S. Yuva
| editing = G. Madan
| music = [[Britto Michael]]
| released = {{film date|2021|10|01|df=y}}
| studio = Ekaa Entertainment
| distributor = [[Disney+ Hotstar]]
| runtime = 134 minutes
| language = Tamil
| country = India
}}

'''''Lift''''' is a 2021 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[horror thriller film]] written and directed by Vineeth Varaprasad in his directorial debut. The film stars [[Kavin (actor)|Kavin]] and [[Amritha Aiyer]]. It was directly released via [[Disney+ Hotstar]] on 1 October 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jha |first=Lata |date=27 September 2021 |title=Tamil film 'Lift' to stream on Disney+ Hotstar |url=https://www.livemint.com/industry/media/tamil-film-lift-to-stream-on-disney-hotstar-11632719100073.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002045924/https://www.livemint.com/industry/media/tamil-film-lift-to-stream-on-disney-hotstar-11632719100073.html |archive-date=2 October 2021 |access-date=2 October 2021 |work=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]}}</ref> The film received mainly positive reviews from critics, who noted that the highlight was a passingly good main cast's performance.<ref>{{Cite news |last=R |first=Manoj Kumar |date=2 October 2021 |title=Lift review: Kavin starrer is a refreshing horror movie on the corporate trap |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/lift-movie-review-kavin-film-a-refreshing-horror-movie-on-the-corporate-trap-7546270/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002045921/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/lift-movie-review-kavin-film-a-refreshing-horror-movie-on-the-corporate-trap-7546270/ |archive-date=2 October 2021 |access-date=2 October 2021 |work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Sudevan |first=Praveen |date=1 October 2021 |title='Lift' movie review: Kavin stars in a diluted horror film that tries to say too many things |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/lift-movie-review-a-diluted-horror-film-that-tries-to-say-too-many-things-and-ends-up-meandering/article36777041.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002013557/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/lift-movie-review-a-diluted-horror-film-that-tries-to-say-too-many-things-and-ends-up-meandering/article36777041.ece |archive-date=2 October 2021 |access-date=2 October 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Balachandran |first=Logesh |date=30 September 2021 |title=LIFT Review: Kavin and Amritha lift this mildly-satisfying horror-thriller |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/tamil/lift/ottmoviereview/86576798.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002045920/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/tamil/lift/ottmoviereview/86576798.cms |archive-date=2 October 2021 |access-date=2 October 2021 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pudipeddi |first=Haricharan |date=1 October 2021 |title=Lift movie review: Kavin's film about possessed elevator is average attempt at horror |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/lift-movie-review-kavin-s-film-about-possessed-elevator-is-average-attempt-at-horror-101633072625367.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002045925/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/lift-movie-review-kavin-s-film-about-possessed-elevator-is-average-attempt-at-horror-101633072625367.html |archive-date=2 October 2021 |access-date=2 October 2021 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref>

== Plot ==

Guru Prasad joins as a team leader at Amrak, an IT company in [[Chennai]]. Guru is standoffish to his team members, but arouses the interest of Harini, an HR manager who is also new. At the end of a work day, everybody leaves except for Guru, who is given an important task by the VP, and several security guards. After completing his work, Guru attempts to use the [[Elevator|lift]]. However, it malfunctions, and he ends up on a random floor. He encounters several paranormal events and later witnesses a security guard commit suicide by slitting his own throat.

A petrified Guru attempts to escape, but is repeatedly foiled. He later encounters Harini, who has been locked in the records room. She initially suspects Guru of locking her in, but changes her mind after encountering the abnormal events in the lift. Harini and Guru team up together to try to escape, but repeatedly fail. They encounter yet another security guard, who later hangs himself while attempting to verify their identity. The pair later sees a [[News media|news report]] (dated to the following day) which claims that they both died in a fire in the office building. Harini reveals that she was locked in the record's room after attempting to destroy several old files at the behest of the VP. After several encounters with paranormal events, they come to the conclusion that there are two [[Ghost|ghosts]] in the building, not one.

Guru forms a plan to survive, but Harini becomes possessed. The ghost taunts Guru and tells him that both he and Harini will die that night in the fire. Guru realises that the ghosts can only possess them while they are sound of mind, and smokes a cigarette with a drug, ensuring that Harini also inhales the smoke. With this, the ghost is no longer able to possess Harini. In the process, Guru also sets fire to the records room. Guru saves Harini, and the pair go back to the lift. Guru had, earlier, cut partially through the cables of the lift, and the pair jumped up and down in the lift to make the lift fall. Harini survives the fall, but Guru is severely injured and almost dies. The pair were rescued by emergency responders.

While Guru is still unconscious, he dreams of the story of the two ghosts. Sundar and his fiancée Tara, worked for the same company as Guru and Harini and were, in fact, the predecessors of the positions Guru and Harini are currently holding. When the greedy VP fires Sundar in order to take credit for his work, Sundar dies by suicide in the lift by slitting his own throat. The VP attempts to cover up his death as an accident, but Tara hides the file in the records room and hangs herself to ensure that the VP doesn't find out where it is. The two security guards (who were later forced into committing suicide by the ghosts) helped the VP cover up the death.

Guru wakes up and is visited by the new VP of the company, who attempts to threaten him and Harini into keeping quiet. Guru refuses to comply and gives the file that Tara had hidden to the [[police officer]] in charge of the investigation. The police officer reveals to Guru that three bodies had been found in the burnt-out office building: the two security guards and the VP, who had driven Sundar and Tara to their deaths.

The movie ends with news articles detailing the exploitation of employees in the IT industry and how many of them have been driven to suicide due to the treatment of their employers.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Kavin (actor)|Kavin]] as Guruprasad "Guru", TL of Delta Project and Harini's crush.
* [[Amritha Aiyer]] as Harini, HR Manager of AMRAK and Guru's love interest
* [[Gayathri Reddy]] as Tara, former HR Manager of AMRAK and Sundar's fiancee (in past)
* Kiran Konda as Sundar, former TL of Delta Project and Tara's fiancee (in past)
* [[Balaji Venugopal]] as Vice President of AMRAK
* Muruganantham
* Earnest Anand
* Abdool Lee
* Pradeep Raj
* Pradeep K. Vijayan
* [[Rahul Thatha]]
* Prathosh
* R. S. Srinivasan
* Suresh Raju
}}

== Production ==
The film project was announced by debutant director Vineeth Varaprasad. Kavin was cast as the lead actor and he began shooting for the film offer soon after his walk out from the [[Bigg Boss (Tamil season 3)|third season of Bigg Boss Tamil]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sunder |first=Gautam |date=30 September 2021 |title=Actor Kavin on making his comeback with 'Lift,' and why director Nelson is his rockstar |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/actor-kavin-on-making-his-comeback-with-lift-and-why-director-nelson-is-his-rockstar/article36753585.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002045922/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/actor-kavin-on-making-his-comeback-with-lift-and-why-director-nelson-is-his-rockstar/article36753585.ece |archive-date=2 October 2021 |access-date=2 October 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> The [[principal photography]] of the film [[Wrap (filmmaking)|wrapped]] within just 20 days before the onset of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] and the post-production work proceeded shortly after the end of film shooting.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 September 2021 |title=Kavin & Amritha Aiyer's Lift cleared with a U/A certificate |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kavin-amritha-aiyers-lift-cleared-with-a-u/a-certificate/articleshow/86068020.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915074710/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/kavin-amritha-aiyers-lift-cleared-with-a-u/a-certificate/articleshow/86068020.cms |archive-date=15 September 2021 |access-date=2 October 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack album features two songs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 April 2021 |title=Lift |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/lift/sUBHU8bEgAk_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820230347/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/lift/sUBHU8bEgAk_ |archive-date=20 August 2021 |access-date=4 October 2021 |website=[[JioSaavn]]}}</ref> The first single titled "Inna Mylu" was unveiled on 22 April 2021 and it became an instant hit, receiving 30 million views in [[YouTube]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 April 2021 |title='Lift' first single: Trendy 'Inna Mylu' by Sivakarthikeyan is entertaining |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/lift-first-single-trendy-inna-mylu-by-sivakarthikeyan-is-entertaining/articleshow/82200542.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002191708/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/lift-first-single-trendy-inna-mylu-by-sivakarthikeyan-is-entertaining/articleshow/82200542.cms |archive-date=2 October 2021 |access-date=2 October 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=23 September 2021 |title=Kavin, Amritha Aiyer-starrer Lift release date announced |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2021/sep/23/kavin-amritha-aiyer-starrer-lift-release-date-announced-26843.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004052212/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2021/sep/23/kavin-amritha-aiyer-starrer-lift-release-date-announced-26843.html |archive-date=4 October 2021 |access-date=4 October 2021 |work=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref>

{{Tracklist
| headline = Soundtrack
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length =
| title1 = Inna Mylu
| music1 = Britto Michael
| extra1 = Rajesh, [[Sivakarthikeyan]], [[Poovaiyar]], Kamala Kannan
| length1 = 4:16
| title2 = Hey Bro
| music2 = Britto Michael
| extra2 = [[Madrashe (musician)|Krithika Nelson]], Ben Kingsley, Adheef Muhamed
| length2 = 3:08
}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|id=tt11948256}}

[[Category:2021 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:2021 horror films]]
[[Category:2021 films]]
[[Category:2021 thriller films]]
[[Category:2021 horror thriller films]]
[[Category:2020s ghost films]]
[[Category:2021 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Disney+ Hotstar original films]]
[[Category:Films not released in theaters due to the COVID-19 pandemic]]
[[Category:Films scored by Britto Michael]]
[[Category:Films set in Chennai]]
[[Category:Films set in elevators]]
[[Category:Films set in offices]]
[[Category:Indian ghost films]]
[[Category:Indian horror thriller films]]

Himmatwala (1983 film)

2026-03-03T23:55:48Z

Ilushiklom: update section based on references

{{About|the 1983 film|the 1998 film|Himmatwala (1998 film)|the 2013 film remake|Himmatwala (2013 film)}}{{Short description|1983 film by K. Raghavendra Rao}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Himmatwala
| image = Himmatwala.jpeg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[K. Raghavendra Rao]]
| producer = G. A. Seshagiri Rao [[Krishna (Telugu actor)|Krishna]] {{small|(Presents)}}
| writer = [[Kadar Khan]] {{small|(dialogues)}}
| story = Satyanand
| screenplay = [[K. Raghavendra Rao]]
| starring = [[Jeetendra]] [[Sridevi]]
| music = Bappi Lahiri
| cinematography = K. S. Prakash Rao
| editing = [[Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao]]
| studio = [[Padmalaya Studios]]
| based_on = ''[[Ooruki Monagadu]]'' (1981)
| released = {{Film date|1983|2|25|df=yes}}
| runtime = 150 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross = {{INRConvert|11.5|c|year=1983}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=125&catName=MTk4MC0xOTg5|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014093336/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=125&catName=MTk4MC0xOTg5|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-10-14|title=Top Earners 1980-1989 (Figures in Ind Rs)|website=Boxofficeindia.com}}</ref>
}}

'''''Himmatwala''''' ({{translation|'The brave one'}}) is a 1983 Indian [[Hindi-language]] [[action comedy film]] directed by [[K. Raghavendra Rao]]. The film stars [[Jeetendra]] and [[Sridevi]] in the lead roles, with G. A. Seshagiri Rao producing under the [[Padmalaya Studios]] banner and [[Krishna (Telugu actor)|Krishna]] presenting the film. It is a remake of the 1981 Telugu film ''[[Ooruki Monagadu]]'', which was also directed by Raghavendra Rao and starred Krishna.

Upon release, ''Himmatwala'' became a massive commercial success, grossing ₹5 [[crore]] and emerging as one of the highest-grossing Hindi films of the 1980s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Top Earners 1980-1989 (Figures in Ind Rs) |url=http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=125&catName=MTk4MC0xOTg5 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014093336/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=125&catName=MTk4MC0xOTg5 |archive-date=2013-10-14 |website=Boxofficeindia.com}}</ref> The film marked a breakthrough for Sridevi in Hindi cinema, propelling her to stardom. Her performance in the popular song "Naino Mein Sapna" was widely appreciated, with [[Rediff.com|''Rediff'']] noting that while the water pots dominated the frames, it was Sridevi's bejeweled outfits and headgear that captivated the audience.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-25 |title=Sridevi's IMMORTAL onscreen avatars |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/special/sridevis-immortal-onscreen-avatars/20180225.htm |access-date=2022-08-02 |website=Rediff |language=en}}</ref>

==Plot==
Master Dharam Murti sees Sher Singh Bandookwala kill a man. However, thanks to his wealth and influence, Bandookwala is exonerated. Seeking revenge, Bandookwala falsely accuses Murti of sexually assaulting a teacher named Menaka. Murti is deeply demoralised by the incident and leaves the village, abandoning his wife and children so that they will not face the stigma of being related to him.

His wife, Savitri, works tirelessly to ensure that their son, Ravi, becomes an engineer. Ravi grows up and returns to the village as the chief engineer on the new dam construction project. Meanwhile, Bandookwala has been terrorising the villagers. His daughter Rekha follows in his footsteps by harassing people. Ravi's sister, Padma, becomes pregnant by Munimji's son, Shakti. Bandookwala wants to exploit this situation to torment Ravi.

According to his plan, Shakti marries Padma and starts to torture her. Eventually, Rekha realises how cruel her father is and falls in love with Ravi, admiring his honesty and kindness. She pretends to be pregnant, putting Bandookwala in the same position as Ravi with his sister. Ravi suddenly finds his father among the dam workers and brings him back to prove his innocence to the village council. Bandookwala is held responsible for all his wrongdoings and is due to be punished by the panchayat. However, Dharam Murti asks everyone to forgive him on condition that he reforms. Bandookwala promises to become a better person, and Rekha marries Ravi.

==Cast==
* [[Jeetendra]] as Ravi
* [[Sridevi]] as Rekha Singh Bandookwala
* [[Waheeda Rehman]] as Savitri
* [[Shakti Kapoor]] as Shakti Gopaldas
* [[Kader Khan]] as Munim Narayandas Gopaldas
* [[Amjad Khan (actor)|Amjad Khan]] as Thakur Sher Singh Bandookwala
* [[Asrani]] as Bhushan
* [[Arun Govil]] as Govind
* [[Shoma Anand]] as Champa
* [[Swaroop Sampat]] as Padma Gopaldas
* [[Satyendra Kapoor]] as Dharam Murthy
* [[Sulochana Latkar]] as Govind's Grandmother

== Soundtrack ==
The music album was composed by [[Bappi Lahiri]] and the lyrics were penned by [[Indeevar]].
{|class="wikitable"
! Song !! Singer
|-
| "Nainon Mein"
| [[Kishore Kumar]], [[Lata Mangeshkar]]
|-
| "Ladki Nahin Hai"
| Kishore Kumar, [[Asha Bhosle]]
|-
| "Taki O Taki"
| Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle
|-
| "Wah Wah Wah"
| Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle
|-
| "Imtihan Imtihan"
| [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
|}

==Remake==
{{Main|Himmatwala (2013 film)}}

A remake of the film starring [[Ajay Devgn]] and [[Tamannaah]] and directed by [[Sajid Khan (director)|Sajid Khan]], released under [[Himmatwala (2013 film)|the same title]] on 29 March 2013. The film opened to negative reviews and became a [[box-office bomb]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Roy|first=Priyanka|date=7 May 2013|title=Ajay tells us why himmatwala flopped|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1130507/jsp/entertainment/story_16865800.jsp#.WQbiTUV97IV|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206011434/https://www.telegraphindia.com/1130507/jsp/entertainment/story_16865800.jsp#.WQbiTUV97IV|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 December 2017|work=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]]|location=Kolkata|publisher=[[ABP Group]]|access-date=1 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title='Himmatwala': Sajid Khan, Ajay Devgn's charm tepid at the box office|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=1 April 2013}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0187150}}

{{K. Raghavendra Rao}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1983 films]]
[[Category:1983 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1983 Indian films]]
[[Category:1983 action comedy films]]
[[Category:Hindi remakes of Telugu films]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. Raghavendra Rao]]
[[Category:Films scored by Bappi Lahiri]]
[[Category:1980s action comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Indian action comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:1980s masala films]]
[[Category:Padmalaya Studios films]]

Bhookh (1978 film)

2026-03-03T23:28:24Z

Ilushiklom: added stub!

{{short description|1978 film}}
{{more citations needed|date=May 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Bhookh
| image =

| caption =
| director = H. Dinesh, Ramesh Puri
| producer =
| writer =
| narrator =
| starring = [[Shatrughan Sinha]] [[Reena Roy]]
| music = [[Sonik Omi]]
| cinematography =
| editing =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1978}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Bhookh''''' is a 1978<ref>{{Cite book |last=De |first=Mānnā |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pIGobALr8xwC&dq=Bhookh+1978&pg=PA372 |title=Memories Come Alive: An Autobiography |date=2007 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=978-0-14-310193-2 |language=en}}</ref> [[Hindi cinema|Bollywood]] [[action film]] directed by H. Dinesh and Ramesh Puri.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhookh {{!}} Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/bhookh |access-date=2024-04-15 |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhookh 1978 Shatrughan Sinh Sonik Omi Bollywood Rare Vinyl Ep 7" Record 7EPE7504 |url=https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/175638200597 |access-date=2024-04-15 |website=eBay |language=en-au}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Dr. Ajay who is a son of a bonded labour, Sarju returns to their native village to save the villagers from a ruthless Thakur Harnam Singh.

==Cast==
*[[Shatrughan Sinha]] as Dr. Ajay
*[[Reena Roy]] as Bina
*[[Asha Sachdev]] as Asha
*[[Ranjeet]] as Chhote Thakur Ranjeet Singh
*[[Amjad Khan (actor)|Amjad Khan]] as Thakur Harnam Singh
*[[Om Shivpuri]] as Colonel
*[[Krishan Dhawan]] as Beena's Father
*[[Nazir Hussain]] as Maulvi
*[[Paintal (comedian)|Paintal]] as Bhikhari
*[[Dina Pathak]] as Mausi
*[[Indrani Mukherjee]] as Thakurain
*Ratnamala as Tulsi
*[[Aruna Irani]] as Courtesan
*[[Tarun Ghosh]] as Bhikhu.
*Dhanraj as Bagga.
== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=0877595|title=Bhookh}}

[[Category:1978 films]]
[[Category:1978 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1978 Indian films]]
[[Category:1978 action films]]
[[Category:Indian action films]]
[[Category:Hindi-language action films]]

{{1970s-Hindi-film-stub}}
{{1970s-action-film-stub}}

Madhura Sangama

2026-03-03T22:22:23Z

Ilushiklom: brief updated intro as per guidelines and cleaned formatting

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Madhura Sangama
| image =
| caption =
| director = T. P. Venugopal
| producer = V. Vijay Chander V. Ramesh Chander
| story = T. P. Venugopal
| screenplay = T. P. Venugopal
| starring = [[Anant Nag]] [[Ashok (Kannada actor)|Ashok]] [[Radha Saluja]] (double role)
| music = [[Rajan–Nagendra]]
| cinematography = M. A. Rehman Annayya Mallik
| editing = Balu
| studio = DVR Movies
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1978|12||df=y}}
| runtime = 127 minutes
| country = India
| language = Kannada
}}

'''''Madhura Sangama''''' ({{audio|Kn-ಮಧುರ ಸಂಗಮ.ogg|pronunciation}}) is a 1978 Indian [[Kannada]]-language film directed by T. P. Venugopal, starring [[Anant Nag]], [[Radha Saluja]] and [[Ashok (Kannada actor)|Ashok]]. The film features a musical score by [[Rajan–Nagendra]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/movies/madhura-sangama.html|title=Madhura Sangama|accessdate=2015-01-23|publisher=filmibeat.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.apunkachoice.com/titles/mad/madhura-sangama/mid_35877/|title=Madhura Sangama|accessdate=2015-01-23|publisher=apunkachoice.com}}</ref> It is considered one of the early multi-starrers of Kannada cinema. The film also includes extended cameo appearances by a galaxy of stars in the Kumara Rama ballet.

==Cast==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Anant Nag]]
* [[Ashok (Kannada actor)|Ashok]]
* [[Radha Saluja]] as Mala & Kala
* [[Srinath (Kannada actor)|Srinath]] (Sp. App.)
* [[Manjula (Kannada actress)|Manjula]] (Sp. App.)
* [[Vishnuvardhan (actor)|Vishnuvardhan]] (Cameo)
* [[Bharathi Vishnuvardhan]] (Cameo)
* [[Padmapriya]] (Cameo)
* [[Master Hirannayya]] (Cameo)
* [[Leelavathi (actress)|Leelavathi]]
* [[K. S. Ashwath]]
* [[Vajramuni]]
* [[Balakrishna (Kannada actor)|Balakrishna]]
* [[Dwarakish]]
* [[Uma Shivakumar]]
* [[Udaykumar]]
* [[Shakti Prasad]]

{{div col end}}

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Madhura Sangama
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[Rajan–Nagendra]]
| cover =
| border = yes
| alt =
| caption = Soundtrack cover
| released = 1978
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length =
| label = [[Saregama]]
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}

The film score and soundtrack was composed by [[Rajan–Nagendra]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://play.raaga.com/kannada/album/Madhura-Sangama-K0000756|title=Madhura Sangama Songs|accessdate=2015-01-23|publisher=raaga.com}}</ref> The soundtrack album consists of four tracks.<ref>{{cite web|title=Madhura Sangama (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/madhura-sangama-original-motion/id918998347|publisher=iTunes|accessdate=8 August 2015}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| total_length =
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Endendigoo
| extra1 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Vani Jairam]]
| lyrics1 = [[R. N. Jayagopal]]
| length1 =
| title2 = Thaayiya Thandeya
| extra2 = [[S. Janaki]]
| lyrics2 = Kangal Prabhakara Sastry
| length2 =
| title3 = Hadinarara Hare Bandaga
| extra3 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
| lyrics3 = R. N. Jayagopal
| length3 =
| title4 = Youvana Kala
| extra4 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
| lyrics4 =
| length4 =
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|1373166}}

[[Category:1978 films]]
[[Category:1978 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:1978 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Rajan–Nagendra]]

{{1970s-Kannada-film-stub}}

Summa Nachunu Irukku

2026-03-03T03:28:54Z

Ilushiklom: started a data - done

{{Short description|2013 Indian film by A. Venkatesh}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Summa Nachunu Irukku
| image = Summa Nachunu Irukku Film Poster.jpg
| caption =
| director = [[A. Venkatesh (director)|A. Venkatesh]]
| producer = B. Vimal
| writer = {{ubl|A. Venkatesh|Erode Mahesh (dialogues)}}
| starring = {{ubl|[[Thaman Kumar]]|Vibha Natarajan|Archana Vishwanath}}
| music = [[Achu Rajamani]]
| cinematography = C. J. Rajkumar
| editing = [[V. T. Vijayan]] N. Ganesh Kumar
| distributor = Studio 9 Production
| studio = Esthell Entertainers
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2013|08|30}}
| runtime = 130 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Summa Nachunu Irukku''''' ({{translation}} ''It is Just Amazing'') is a 2013 Tamil-language [[comedy film]] directed by [[A. Venkatesh (director)|A. Venkatesh]], who also starred in the film. The film stars [[Thaman Kumar]], Vibha Natarajan and Archana Vishwanath along with an ensemble cast including [[Thambi Ramaiah]], [[Srinivasan (Tamil actor)|Srinivasan]], [[Appukutty]], and [[Erode Mahesh]]. The film, produced by B. Vimal, had musical score by [[Achu Rajamani]] and was released on 30 August 2013. The story of the film was inspired by the 1997 Malayalam film [[Chandralekha (1997 film)|''Chandralekha'']].<ref name="Hindu">{{Cite news |last=S. R. Ashok Kumar |date=2013-05-25 |title=Audio Beat: Summa Nachunu Irukku — Comic story, peppy tunes |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/audio-beat-summa-nachunu-irukku-comic-story-peppy-tunes/article4750106.ece |access-date=2014-01-05 |work=The Hindu |publisher=thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-08-30 |title=Friday Fury — Aug 30 |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/friday-fury-aug-30-news-tamil-ni4j0Rbeccf.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209212959/http://www.sify.com/movies/friday-fury-aug-30-news-tamil-ni4j0Rbeccf.html |archive-date=2013-12-09 |access-date=2014-01-05 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2015 |title=மோகன்லாலும், பின்னே தமிழ் ரீமேக்கும்... | Mohanlal movies and their remakes |url=https://cinema.dinamalar.com/tamil-news/34110/cinema/Kollywood/Mohanlal-movies-and-their-remakes.htm}}</ref>

==Plot==
Kannan, who has a lot of debt, comes from his village to find a job in [[Chennai]]. There, he becomes an auto driver. He then saves Anjali, the daughter of Gautham. Gautham, also known as [[Datuk|Dato]], is a wealthy man in [[Malaysia]]. Kannan takes Anjali to a hospital and is mistaken by the doctors to be her husband. Most of the relatives and Gautham also mistake him for the husband. In the meantime, Anjali falls into a coma. Kannan cannot tell the truth because of his family's debt. Kannan, his friend Gunaseelan, and his boss Chinniah take off to Malaysia along with Anjali's family. Appukutty, Gautham's cook, becomes suspicious of Kannan's identity. In addition to this enters Anjali's sister Ranjini. What transpires later forms the crux of the story.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
*[[Thaman Kumar]] as Kannan
*Vibha Natarajan as Anjali / Gayathri
*Archana Vishwanath as Ranjini
*[[Thambi Ramaiah]] as Chinniah
*[[Erode Mahesh]] as Gunaseelan
*[[Srinivasan (Tamil actor)|Srinivasan]] as Ashok Rajendran and Rajendran
*[[Appukutty]] as Appukutty
*[[A. Venkatesh (director)|A. Venkatesh]] as Gautham ([[Datuk|Dato]])
*[[Vennira Aadai Moorthy]] as Bank Manager
*[[Vasu Vikram]] as Chidambaram
*[[Nirosha]] as Chithra
*[[Vanitha Vijayakumar]] as Kavitha
*[[Crane Manohar]]
*[[Muthukaalai]]
*[[Scissor Manohar]]
*Boys Rajan as Gautam's manager
{{colend}}

==Production==
A. Venkatesh, who has been an action film director all along, discussed a comic storyline with director Sneha Britto as he has not done a comedy movie until now. B. Vimal, Sneha Britto's father, accepted to produce the film. A. Venkatesh spotted [[Thaman Kumar]] in ''[[Sattam Oru Iruttarai (2012 film)|Sattam Oru Iruttarai]]''. Thereafter, Thaman Kumar was signed to appear in the lead role with Vibha Natarajan and newcomer Archana Vishwanath. [[Thambi Ramaiah]], [[Appukutty]] and Erode Mahesh were also part of the cast, while Srinivasan signed on to play the comedic villain. [[Achu Rajamani]] signed to score the music. [[V. T. Vijayan]] and N. Ganeshkumar handled the editing department, respectively, while C. J. Rajkumar was selected as the cinematographer and Erode Mahesh has written the dialogues. The film was mainly shot in Malaysia. A. Venkatesh said : "Summa Nachunu Irukku is an out and out comedy. We have just made this film to make every one laugh for 2 and a half hours".<ref name="Hindu" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-02-25 |title=Sneha Britto ropes in Powerstar! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/sneha-britto-ropes-in-powerstar-news-tamil-nczoXBcgihc.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130226183022/http://www.sify.com/movies/sneha-britto-ropes-in-powerstar-news-tamil-nczoXBcgihc.html |archive-date=2013-02-26 |access-date=2014-01-05 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMMA NACHUNU IRUKKU MOVIE RELEASE EXPECTATION |url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/summa-nachunu-irukku/summa-nachunu-irukku-movie-release-expectations.html |access-date=2014-01-05 |website=Behindwoods.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-02-23 |title=Powerstar comes in an auto ! - Event Story |url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-events/summa-nachinu-irukku-press-meet-power-star-srinivasan-viba-natrajan.html |access-date=2016-12-06 |website=Behindwoods.com}}</ref><ref name="songs">{{Cite web |date=2013-04-20 |title=TR and Thaman come together |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-interviews/TR-and-Thaman-come-together/articleshow/19651526.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140222135735/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-20/news-interviews/38692342_1_sattam-oru-iruttarai-thaman-film |archive-date=2014-02-22 |access-date=2014-01-05 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Summa Nachunu Irukku
| type = [[soundtrack]]
| artist = [[Achu Rajamani]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 24 April 2013
| recorded = 2013
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 17:40
| label = [[Sony Music Entertainment|Sony Music]]
| producer = Achu Rajamani
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}

The film score and the soundtrack were composed by [[Achu Rajamani]] (except Kannan Indru and Dian Dian by LockUp Nathan from Malaysia). The soundtrack features 5 tracks with lyrics written by [[Na. Muthukumar]] and Vimala Britto. The audio launch took place on 24 April 2013. [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]], [[S. Thaman]], [[Dharan Kumar]], [[S. A. Chandrasekhar]], Abirami Ramanathan, [[T. Rajendar]], Thambi Ramaiah, [[Nakul (actor)|Nakul]], Hari Kumar, [[Gautham Karthik]] and Sneha Britto attended the function.<ref name="Hindu" /><ref name="songs" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-04-20 |title=T.R, Achu & Thaman team up ! |url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-10/tr-achu--meet-summa-nachinu-irukku-summa-nachinu-irukku-20-04-13.html |access-date=2014-01-05 |website=Behindwoods.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-04-25 |title=GV Prakash comes for Powerstar |url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-10/gv-prakash-comes-for-powerstar-powerstar-srinivasan-summa-nachunu-irukku-25-04-13.html |access-date=2014-01-05 |website=Behindwoods.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Summa Nachunu Irukku (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) on Nokia Music |url=http://music.ovi.com/in/en/t4/Product/Achu/Summa-Nachunu-Irukku-Original-Motion-Picture-Soundtrack-/45345947 |access-date=2014-01-05 |publisher=music.ovi.com}}</ref>
Behindwoods.com said : "A fair commercial effort from Achu" and gave it 2 out of 5 stars.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMMA NACHUNU IRUKKU SONGS REVIEW |url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/summa-nachunnu-irukku/summa-nachunnu-irukku-songs-review.html |access-date=2014-01-05 |website=Behindwoods.com}}</ref>
{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 17:40
| all_music =
| title1 = Ninaithadai Mudippavan
| extra1 = Naveen Madhav, Sree Chitra
| lyrics1 = Vimala Britto
| length1 = 03:02
| title2 = I Love You
| extra2 = [[Achu Rajamani]]
| length2 = 03:12
| lyrics2 = [[Na. Muthukumar]]
| title3 = En Aalu
| extra3 = Achu Rajamani, [[T. Rajendar]], [[S. Thaman]]
| lyrics3 = Na. Muthukumar
| length3 = 03:21
| title4 = Kannan Indru
| extra4 = [[Suchitra]]
| length4 = 04:01
| lyrics4 = Na. Muthukumar
| title5 = Dian Dian
| extra5 = [[Srilekha Parthasarathy]], [[Velmurugan]]
| length5 = 04:04
| lyrics5 = Na. Muthukumar
}}

==Reception==
Behindwoods.com gave it 1.5 out of 5 stars and said: "On the whole ''Summa Nachunu Irukku'' is a movie that lacks clarity on the genre it wants to fall under".<ref name="review1">{{Cite web |title=SUMMA NACHUNU IRUKKU MOVIE REVIEW |url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/summa-nachunu-irukku/summa-nachunu-irukku-review.html |access-date=2014-01-05 |website=Behindwoods.com}}</ref> M. Suganth from ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and stated that "The only thing it lacks is the pizzaz to make it genuinely funny".<ref name="review">{{Cite web |date=2013-09-03 |title=Summa Nachunu Irukku movie review |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/movie-reviews/Summa-Nachunu-Irukku/movie-review/22249848.cms |access-date=2014-01-05 |publisher=timesofindia.indiatimes.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{A. Venkatesh (director)}}

[[Category:2013 films]]
[[Category:2013 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2013 Indian films]]
[[Category:2013 comedy films]]
[[Category:Indian slapstick comedy films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Achu Rajamani]]
[[Category:Films shot in Malaysia]]
[[Category:Tamil remakes of Malayalam films]]
[[Category:Films directed by A. Venkatesh]]

22 Yards

2026-03-02T09:39:15Z

Ilushiklom: add lead for consistency

{{Short description|2018 film by Mitali Ghoshal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox film
| name = 22 Yards
| image = 22_Yards_film_poster.jpeg
| caption = 22 Yards Poster
| director = Mitali Ghoshal
| story = Samrat Mukherjee (SRFTI)
| screenplay = Samrat
| producer = Mitali Ghoshal, Surya Sinha
| starring = [[Barun Sobti]] [[Rajit Kapur]] [[Panchi Bora]] [[Rajesh Sharma (actor)|Rajesh Sharma]]
| music = Amartya Ray and [[Amartya Bobo Rahut]]
| editing = Ajay Sharma
| cinematography = [[Ranjan Palit]] & Amit Singh
| distributor = Platoon One Films [[PVR Pictures]]
| released = {{film date|df=y|2018|09|22|BASAFF|ref1=<ref name="basaff">{{Cite web |url=https://www.hungamacity.com/order/16022/22-yards-world-premier-feature-film-competition-basaff-2018 |title=22 Yards - World Premier - Feature Film Competition - BASAFF 2018|access-date=3 February 2019 |archive-date=4 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190204014638/https://www.hungamacity.com/order/16022/22-yards-world-premier-feature-film-competition-basaff-2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>|2019|03|15|India|ref2=<ref name="toi">{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-details/22-yards/movieshow/67541225.cms|title=Movie details 22 yards|website=Times of India|date=15 February 2019|access-date=28 February 2019|archive-date=27 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227151024/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-details/22-yards/movieshow/67541225.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
}}

'''''22 Yards''''' is a 2018 [[India]]n [[Sports film|sports]] [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] starring [[Barun Sobti]], [[Rajit Kapur]], [[Panchi Bora]] and [[Rajesh Sharma (actor)|Rajesh Sharma]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/bollywood/22-yards-trailer-release|title=Barun Sobti in 22 Yards|work=The Quint|date=18 January 2019|accessdate=18 January 2019|archive-date=1 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201172006/https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/bollywood/22-yards-trailer-release|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://scroll.in/reel/909744/22-yards-trailer-barun-sobti-plays-a-sports-manager-and-a-big-cricket-fan|title= Barun Sobti in 22 Yards|work= Scroll|date= 16 January 2019|accessdate= 16 January 2019|archive-date= 1 February 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190201172005/https://scroll.in/reel/909744/22-yards-trailer-barun-sobti-plays-a-sports-manager-and-a-big-cricket-fan|url-status= live}}</ref> The film has been directed by sports journalist turned filmmaker Mitali Ghoshal.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2019/jan/17/18191/22-yards-trailer-barun-sobti-takes-you-deep-into-the-commercial-world-of-cricket|title= Mitali Ghosla directs 22 Yards|work= Cinestaan|date= 17 January 2019|access-date= 19 January 2019|archive-date= 1 February 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190201151622/https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2019/jan/17/18191/22-yards-trailer-barun-sobti-takes-you-deep-into-the-commercial-world-of-cricket|url-status= live}}</ref> The film premiered at the 2018 Bay Area South Asian Film Festival and was released theatrically on 15 March 2019.<ref name="basaff"/>{{Dead link|date=January 2022}} The trailer of the film was launched by [[Sourav Ganguly]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.peepingmoon.com/photos/events/22-yards-barun-sobti-launches-his-films-trailer-in-the-presence-of-sourav-ganguly-198276/|title= Sourav Ganguly launches the 22 Yards trailer|work= Yahoo|date= 16 January 2019|accessdate= 16 January 2019|archive-date= 1 February 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190201171926/https://www.peepingmoon.com/photos/events/22-yards-barun-sobti-launches-his-films-trailer-in-the-presence-of-sourav-ganguly-198276/|url-status= live}}</ref>

==Plot==
''22 Yards'' is about a successful sports agent and his fall from grace. The film delves into the commercial aspects of sports. Barun Sobti plays the lead, a cricket enthusiast and a talent manager.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/22-yards-trailer-barun-sobti-plays-a-sports-manager-who-is-a-huge-cricket-fan/articleshow/67563723.cms|title= Barun Sobti plays a sports manager in 22 Yards trailer|work= Times of India|date= 17 January 2019|accessdate= 2 Feb 2019|archive-date= 11 August 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190811132339/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/22-yards-trailer-barun-sobti-plays-a-sports-manager-who-is-a-huge-cricket-fan/articleshow/67563723.cms|url-status= live}}</ref>

==Cast==
* [[Barun Sobti]] as Ron Sen
* [[Amartya Ray]] as Shome Ray
* [[Panchi Bora]] as Shonali
* [[Rajit Kapur]] as Dr. Zahid Khan
* [[Rajesh Sharma (actor)|Rajesh Sharma]] as Ravi Khanna
* [[Chaiti Ghoshal]] as Trishna Ray
* [[Geetika Tyagi]] as Rica Sahay

==Release and reception==
''22 Yards'' had its world premiere at the inaugural Bay Area South Asian Film Festival (BASAFF 2018) where Barun Sobti bagged the Best Actor (Feature) award.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news-gossip/barun-sobti-bestowed-best-actor-award-san-fransisco-read-details-426941|title=Barun Sobti wins at BASAFF|work=PinkVilla|date=22 September 2018|accessdate=31 January 2019|archive-date=31 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031071417/https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news-gossip/barun-sobti-bestowed-best-actor-award-san-fransisco-read-details-426941|url-status=live}}</ref> The film was slated to release on 22 February 2019, but was then pushed back to 15 March 2019.<ref name="toi"/>

The official trailer of the film was released on 18 January 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=EjJhAQAZ5xk|title=22 Yards - Official Trailer{{!}}Barun Sobti Amartya Ray & Panchi Bora{{!}}Mitali Ghosal|date=17 January 2019 |publisher=Zee Music Company on YouTube|access-date=28 February 2019|archive-date=13 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913134932/https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=EjJhAQAZ5xk|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Critical response===
Nandini Ramnath in [[Scroll.in]] writes, "Barun Sobti scores in a familiar cricketing tale of failure and redemption."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scroll.in/reel/916654/22-yards-movie-review-barun-sobti-scores-in-a-familiar-cricketing-tale-of-failure-and-redemption|title='22 Yards' movie review: Barun Sobti scores in a familiar cricketing tale of failure and redemption|first=Nandini|last=Ramnath|website=Scroll.in|date=15 March 2019 |access-date=2 April 2019|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402111701/https://scroll.in/reel/916654/22-yards-movie-review-barun-sobti-scores-in-a-familiar-cricketing-tale-of-failure-and-redemption|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Network18 Group|News 18]] gave the movie two stars out of five and wrote 'an average film that gives a simplistic insight in to the crafty world of Cricket'.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2019-03-15|title=22 Yards Movie Review: This Barun Sobti Film is Skilfully Mounted Except for the Initial Stage|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/22-yards-movie-review-this-barun-sobti-film-is-skilfully-mounted-except-for-the-initial-stage-2067335.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331100342/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/22-yards-movie-review-this-barun-sobti-film-is-skilfully-mounted-except-for-the-initial-stage-2067335.html |archive-date=31 March 2019 |access-date=2020-07-07|website=[[News18]]}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = 22 Yards
| type = soundtrack
| artist = Amartya Ray, [[Amartya Bobo Rahut]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 15 February 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/22-yards/Mo763vpjxaw_|title=Listen to all 22 Yards songs now! Download or play 22 Yards songs online on JioSaavn|publisher=JioSaavn|date=15 February 2019|access-date=1 March 2019|archive-date=2 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302024649/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/22-yards/Mo763vpjxaw_|url-status=live}}</ref>
| recorded = 2018
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 18:19
| language = [[Hindi]]
| label = [[Zee Music Company]]
| misc = {{External media
| audio1 = {{YouTube|JDPwG1PrNmU|Official Audio Jukebox}}}}
}}
The music of the film has been composed by Amartya Ray and [[Amartya Bobo Rahut]] while the lyrics have been written by Amartya Ray and Siddhant Kaushal.
{{Tracklist
| headline=Track listing
| total_length=18:19
| extra_column=Singer(s)
| title1= Bande Daud
| extra1=
[[Siddharth Mahadevan]]
| length1= 3:58
| title2= Ruk Ja Nadeem
| extra2= [[Amit Mishra (singer)|Amit Mishra]]
| length2= 5:11
| title3= Sanjheya
| extra3= [[Nikhita Gandhi]] and Pardeep Singh Sran
| length3= 3:50
| title4= Ruk Ja Nadeem (Amartya Ray version)
| extra4= Amartya Ray
| length4= 5:11
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title| 9496212}}

[[Category:2018 films]]
[[Category:Indian sports drama films]]
[[Category:2018 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2018 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films about cricket in India]]
[[Category:2010s sports drama films]]
[[Category:2018 sports films]]
[[Category:2018 drama films]]

2024 in Indian sports

2026-02-21T07:15:53Z

Ilushiklom:

{{short description|none}}
{{Year box}}
'''2024 in Indian sports''' describes the year's events in Indian sports.

== Archery ==
=== Archery World Cup ===
{{Main|2024 Archery World Cup}}
India participated in the [[2024 Archery World Cup]] from 23 April to 20 October 2024. This was India's 18th appearance at the tournament. India sent a team of 16 archers to compete in 9 events across 4 stages.<ref>{{cite web |title=Calendar released for Archery World Cup stages in 2024-2027 |url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201077/calendar-released-archery-world-cup-stages-2024-2027 |website=worldarchery.sport |access-date=16 April 2024}}</ref>

==== Medallists - World Cup Stages ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%"
|-
!Medal
!Player
!Sport
!Event
!Date
! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}}
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]] [[Parneet Kaur]] [[Aditi Gopichand Swami]]
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=4| Compound
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Women's Team
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=4|27 April
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=3| <ref>{{cite web |title=Archery World Cup 2024: India Win Gold Medal In Compound Women & Men Teams|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/sports/archery-world-cup-2024-india-win-compound-women-men-teams-gold |website=[[Free Press Journal]] |access-date=17 August 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Shanghai 2024: India sweeps compound team podiums at World Cup season opener|url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201616/shanghai-2024-india-sweeps-compound-team-podiums-world-cup-season-opener |website=[[World Archery]] |access-date=17 August 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Archery World Cup: India bags three gold medals to sweep compound team events|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/other/2024/Apr/27/archery-world-cup-indian-womens-team-clinches-first-gold-with-dominant-win-over-italy |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |access-date=17 August 2024}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}}
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Prathamesh Bhalchandra Fuge]] [[Priyansh (archer)|Priyansh]] [[Abhishek Verma (archer)|Abhishek Verma]]
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Men's Team
|-
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}}
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]] [[Abhishek Verma (archer)|Abhishek Verma]]
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Mixed Team
|-
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}}
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Women's Individual
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Jyothi Surekha Vennam clinches hat-trick of gold medals at the Archery World Cup as India sweep compound|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/others/jyothi-surekha-vennam-clinches-hat-trick-of-gold-medals-at-the-archery-world-cup-as-india-sweep-compound-team-events/articleshow/109644967.cms |website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=17 August 2024}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}}
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Dhiraj Bommadevara]] [[Tarundeep Rai]] [[Pravin Jadhav]]
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" | Recurve
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Men's Team
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |28 April
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=India men topple Korea in archery, win World Cup gold - Hindustan Times|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/sports/others/india-men-topple-korea-in-archery-win-world-cup-gold-101714323385663.html |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=17 August 2024}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}}
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" rowspan=2|[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]] [[Parneet Kaur]] [[Aditi Gopichand Swami]]
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=2| Compound
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" rowspan=2|Women's Team
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |25 May
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |
|-
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}}
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |22 June
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |
|-
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Priyansh (archer)|Priyansh]]
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |Compound
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Men's Individual
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |27 April
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Shanghai 2024: Vennam, Wiener win compound titles at season opener|url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201613/shanghai-2024-vennam-wiener-win-compound-titles-season-opener |website=[[World Archery]] |access-date=17 August 2024}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Deepika Kumari]]
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |Recurve
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Women's Individual
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |28 April
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Lim Sihyeon saves Shanghai after Korean recurve team losses|url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201614/lim-sihyeon-saves-shanghai-after-korean-recurve-team-losses |website=[[World Archery]] |access-date=17 August 2024}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]] [[Priyansh (archer)|Priyansh]]
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|Compound
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Mixed Team
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |25 May
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |
|-
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Priyansh (archer)|Priyansh]]
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Men's Individual
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |22 June
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Ankita Bhakat]] [[Dhiraj Bommadevara]]
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=3|Recurve
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" rowspan=2|Mixed Team
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |28 April
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Shanghai 2024: China, India win historic recurve team gold medals|url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201615/shanghai-2024-china-india-win-historic-recurve-team-gold-medals |website=[[World Archery]] |access-date=17 August 2024}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Bhajan Kaur]] [[Dhiraj Bommadevara]]
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" rowspan=2|23 June
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |
|-
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Dhiraj Bommadevara]]
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Men's Individual
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |
|-
|}

==== Final ====
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Athlete
! rowspan="2" |Event
!Quarterfinals
!Semifinals
! colspan="2" | Final / {{tooltip|BM|Bronze medal match}}
|-
!Opposition Score
!Opposition Score
!Opposition Score
!Rank
|-
! colspan=6| Recurve
|-
|style="text-align:left|[[Dhiraj Bommadevara]]
| Men's Individual
| {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Lee Woo-seok|Lee]] '''L''' 4-6
| colspan=2 {{n/a|''Did not advance''}}
| 5
|-
|style="text-align:left|'''[[Deepika Kumari]]'''
| Women's Individual
| {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Yang Xiaolei|Yang]] '''W''' 6-0
| {{flagicon|MEX}} [[Alejandra Valencia|Valencia]] '''W''' 6-4
| {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Li Jiaman|Li]] '''L''' 0-6
| {{World2}}
|-
! colspan=6| Compound
|-
|style="text-align:left|[[Prathamesh Bhalchandra Fuge|Prathamesh Fuge]]
| rowspan=2|Men's Individual
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Priyansh (archer)|Priyansh]] '''W''' 147-146
| {{flagicon|DEN}} [[Mathias Fullerton|Fullerton]] '''L''' 15010-15010+
| {{flagicon|NED}} [[Mike Schloesser|Schloesser]] '''L''' 146-150
| 4
|-
|style="text-align:left|[[Priyansh (archer)|Priyansh]]
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Prathamesh Bhalchandra Fuge|Fuge]] '''L''' 146-147
| colspan=2 {{n/a|''Did not advance''}}
| 6
|-
|style="text-align:left|[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]
| Women's Individual
| {{flagicon|EST}} [[Meeri-Marita Paas|Paas]] '''L''' 145-147
| colspan=2 {{n/a|''Did not advance''}}
| 5
|}

== Cricket ==
=== Men's T20 World Cup ===
{{Main|2024 Men's T20 World Cup}}
[[India men's national cricket team|India]] was one of the twenty nations that participated in the [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup]], co-hosted by [[Cricket West Indies]] and [[USA Cricket]] from 1 to 29 June 2024. India went on to win their second T20 World Cup title, defeating [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] by seven runs in the [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup final|final]].<ref>{{cite news |access-date=30 June 2024 |title=ICC Trophy Drought Ends: India's Journey Through T20 World Cup History |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/icc-mens-t20-world-cup/icc-trophy-drought-ends-indias-journey-through-t20-world-cup-history/articleshow/111369631.cms |website=[[Times of India]] |archive-date=30 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240630011657/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/icc-mens-t20-world-cup/icc-trophy-drought-ends-indias-journey-through-t20-world-cup-history/articleshow/111369631.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> India won all their matches and were the first team to win a [[Men's T20 World Cup|T20 World Cup]] while remaining undefeated. They joined England and [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] as the only teams to win the title twice. Kohli's knock of 76 runs off 59 balls (including 6 fours and 2 sixes) earned him the [[Player of the Match awards (cricket)|player of the match]] award.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=29 June 2024 |title=India win T20 World Cup 2024, stun South Africa by 7 runs in final as Bumrah, Hardik nail finish |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/india-win-t20-world-cup-2024-stun-south-africa-by-7-runs-in-final-9423182/ |website=[[The Indian Express]] |date=29 June 2024 |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629181658/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/india-win-t20-world-cup-2024-stun-south-africa-by-7-runs-in-final-9423182/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Kohli, Sharma, and [[Ravindra Jadeja]] announced their retirement from the T20I format after the final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2024 |title=Virat Kohli, Rohit Sharma & Ravindra Jadeja retire from T20 internationals after World Cup win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/c6p2g1w2ydyo |access-date=16 March 2025 |website=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB |archive-date=9 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240709193431/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/c6p2g1w2ydyo |url-status=live }}</ref> On 30 June, the ICC announced its team of the tournament with [[Jasprit Bumrah]] being named as player of the tournament for taking 15 wickets with an [[economy rate]] of 4.17, and [[Rohit Sharma]] as the captain of the team.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's T20 World Cup 2024, Player of the Tournament |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/pott |access-date=29 June 2024 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629192840/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/pott |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="tt1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/six-indian-t20-world-cup-stars-named-in-team-of-the-tournament |title=Six Indian T20 World Cup stars named in team of the tournament |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=30 June 2024 |access-date=1 July 2024 |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701025422/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/six-indian-t20-world-cup-stars-named-in-team-of-the-tournament |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="tt2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/four-nationalities-star-in-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-team-of-the-tournament |title=Four nationalities star in Men's T20 World Cup 2024 Team of the Tournament |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=30 June 2024 |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref>

==== Group Stage ====
{{Further|2024 Men's T20 World Cup group stage}}
{{2024 Men's T20 World Cup Group A}}
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match8}}'''Match 8'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|05}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IRE}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}
| score1 = 96 (16 overs)
| runs1 = [[Gareth Delany]] 26 (14)
| wickets1 = [[Hardik Pandya]] 3/27 (4 overs)
| score2 = 97/2 (12.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 52[[not out|*]] (37)
| wickets2 = [[Ben White (cricketer)|Ben White]] 1/6 (1 over)
| result = India won by 8 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415708.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Alex Wharf]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) scored his 4,000th run in T20Is<ref name="A2i">{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/t20-world-cup-2024-ind-vs-ire-rohit-sharma-men-t20is-ireland-2549554-2024-06-05 |title=T20 World Cup: Rohit Sharma becomes 3rd batter to 4000 runs in Men's T20Is |work=India Today |date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605173019/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/t20-world-cup-2024-ind-vs-ire-rohit-sharma-men-t20is-ireland-2549554-2024-06-05 |url-status=live }}</ref> and 1,000th run in the T20 World Cup,<ref name="A2ii">{{cite web |url=https://www.cricket.com/news/rohit-sharma-becomes-third-player-to-score-1000-t20-world-cup-runs-652024-1717607434354 |title=Rohit Sharma becomes third player to score 1000 T20 World Cup runs |work=Cricket.com |date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605174404/https://www.cricket.com/news/rohit-sharma-becomes-third-player-to-score-1000-t20-world-cup-runs-652024-1717607434354 |url-status=live }}</ref> becoming the second Indian to achieve both feats after [[Virat Kohli]]. He also completed 600 sixes in international cricket, 100 sixes in ICC tournaments and 300 wins in international cricket.<ref name="A2iii">{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/cricket/rohit-sharma-becomes-first-player-in-history-to-achieve-miraculous-record-in-international-cricket-2024-06-05-935408 |title=Rohit Sharma achieves world record, becomes first player to get to huge milestone in international cricket |work=India TV |date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605174401/https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/cricket/rohit-sharma-becomes-first-player-in-history-to-achieve-miraculous-record-in-international-cricket-2024-06-05-935408 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Rishabh Pant]] (Ind) scored his 1,000th run in T20Is.<ref name="A2iv">{{cite web|url=https://olympics.com/en/news/t20-world-cup-2024-india-vs-ireland-cricket-match-group-a-result-score |title=IND vs IRE, T20 World Cup 2024: India beat Ireland by eight wickets to kick off campaign on a high |work=Olympics |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref>
* Rohit Sharma broke [[MS Dhoni]]'s record of most wins as Indian Captain in T20Is.<ref name="A2v">{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/rohit-sharma-ms-dhoni-india-most-successful-t20i-captain-2549586-2024-06-05|title=Rohit Sharma breaks MS Dhoni's record to become India's most successful T20I captain|work=India Today|date=5 June 2024|access-date=8 June 2024|archive-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608051348/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/rohit-sharma-ms-dhoni-india-most-successful-t20i-captain-2549586-2024-06-05|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match19}}'''Match 19'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|09}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|PAK}}
| score1 = 119 (19 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rishabh Pant]] 42 (31)
| wickets1 = [[Naseem Shah]] 3/21 (4 overs)
| score2 = 113/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Mohammad Rizwan (cricketer)|Mohammad Rizwan]] 31 (44)
| wickets2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 3/14 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 6 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415719.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind)
| toss = Pakistan won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Mohammad Rizwan (cricketer)|Mohammad Rizwan]] (Pak) played in his 100th T20I match.<ref name="A5i">{{cite web |url=https://www.latestly.com/socially/sports/cricket/mohammad-rizwan-completes-100-matches-for-pakistan-in-t20i-cricket-during-ind-vs-pak-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-match-6026220.html |title=Mohammad Rizwan Completes 100 Matches for Pakistan in T20I Cricket During IND vs PAK ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 Match |work=LatestLY |date=9 June 2024 |access-date=9 June 2024 |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609194936/https://www.latestly.com/socially/sports/cricket/mohammad-rizwan-completes-100-matches-for-pakistan-in-t20i-cricket-during-ind-vs-pak-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-match-6026220.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match25}}'''Match 25'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|12}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|USA}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}
| score1 = 110/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Nitish Kumar (cricketer)|Nitish Kumar]] 27 (23)
| wickets1 = [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] 4/9 (4 overs)
| score2 = 111/3 (18.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Suryakumar Yadav]] 50[[not out|*]] (49)
| wickets2 = [[Saurabh Netravalkar]] 2/18 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415725.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Sam Nogajski]] (Aus) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] (Ind)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was the first time India and United States faced each other in T20Is.<ref name="A7i">{{Cite web |title=India vs USA: T20 World Cup 2024 Match Preview, Fantasy Tips, Pitch And Weather Reports {{!}} Cricket News |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/india-vs-usa-t20-world-cup-2024-match-preview-fantasy-tips-pitch-and-weather-reports-5867213 |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=NDTVSports.com |language=en |archive-date=16 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716095648/https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/india-vs-usa-t20-world-cup-2024-match-preview-fantasy-tips-pitch-and-weather-reports-5867213 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* India qualified for the Super 8 as a result of this match.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match33}}'''Match 33'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|15}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|CAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}
| score1 =
| score2 =
| result = Match abandoned
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415733.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Central Broward Park]], [[Lauderhill, Florida|Lauderhill]]
| umpires = [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng) and [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban)
| toss = No toss.
| rain = No play was possible because of rain.
}}

==== Super 8 ====
{{Further|2024 Men's T20 World Cup Super 8 stage}}
{{2024 Men's T20 World Cup Group 1}}
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match43}}'''Match 43'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|20}}
| time= {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|AFG}}
| score1 = 181/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Suryakumar Yadav]] 53 (28)
| wickets1 = [[Rashid Khan]] 3/26 (4 overs)
| score2 = 134 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Azmatullah Omarzai]] 26 (20)
| wickets2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 3/7 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 47 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415743.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Suryakumar Yadav]] (Ind)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match47}}'''Match 47'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|22}}
| time= {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|BAN}}
| score1 = 196/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Hardik Pandya]] 50[[not out|*]] (27)
| wickets1 = [[Tanzim Hasan Sakib]] 2/32 (4 overs)
| score2 = 146/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Najmul Hossain Shanto]] 40 (32)
| wickets2 = [[Kuldeep Yadav]] 3/19 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 50 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415747.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], [[North Sound]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Adrian Holdstock]] (SA)
| motm = [[Hardik Pandya]] (Ind)
| toss = Bangladesh won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Shakib Al Hasan]] (Ban) became the first bowler to take 50 wickets in T20 World Cup history.<ref name="1-3i">{{cite web |access-date=22 June 2024 |date=22 June 2024 |title=Shakib Al Hasan becomes first bowler to pick 50 wickets in T20 World Cup history |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/ind-vs-ban-shakib-al-hasan-record-50-wickets-t20-world-cup-stats-india-v-bangladesh-rohit-sharma/article68320741.ece/ |work=SportStar |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622160548/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/ind-vs-ban-shakib-al-hasan-record-50-wickets-t20-world-cup-stats-india-v-bangladesh-rohit-sharma/article68320741.ece/amp/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match51}}'''Match 51'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|24}}
| time= {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}
| score1 = 205/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 92 (41)
| wickets1 = [[Mitchell Starc]] 2/45 (4 overs)
| score2 = 181/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Travis Head]] 76 (43)
| wickets2 = [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] 3/37 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 24 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415751.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Daren Sammy Cricket Ground]], [[Gros Islet]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind)
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] (Aus) played in his last T20I.<ref name="1-5i">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-01 |title=Warner confirms ODI retirement to add to Test farewell |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/warner-confirms-odi-retirement-to-add-to-test-farewell |access-date=2024-01-07 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=15 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215113857/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/warner-confirms-odi-retirement-to-add-to-test-farewell |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) became the first player to hit 200 sixes in T20Is.<ref name="1-5ii">{{cite web |access-date=24 June 2024 |title=IND vs AUS, T20 World Cup 2024: Rohit Sharma becomes first to hit 200 sixes in T20Is |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/rohit-sharma-most-sixes-t20i-record-stats-ind-vs-aus-t20-world-cup/article68328504.ece |work=SportStar |date=24 June 2024 |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624173143/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/rohit-sharma-most-sixes-t20i-record-stats-ind-vs-aus-t20-world-cup/article68328504.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He also became the highest run-scorer in T20Is, surpassing [[Babar Azam]].<ref name="1-5iii">{{cite web |access-date=24 June 2024 |title=Stat Pack: Rohit Sharma goes past Babar Azam in demolition job vs Australia |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/t20-world-cup-2024-india-vs-australia-rohit-sharma-stat-pack-2557533-2024-06-24 |work=India Today |date=24 June 2024 |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624173345/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/t20-world-cup-2024-india-vs-australia-rohit-sharma-stat-pack-2557533-2024-06-24 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* India qualified for the semi-finals as a result of this match.
}}

==== Semi-final ====
{{Further|2024 Men's T20 World Cup knockout stage}}
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{start date|df=y|2024|06|27}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}
| score1 = 171/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 57 (39)
| wickets1 = [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]] 3/37 (3 overs)
| score2 = 103 (16.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Harry Brook]] 25 (19)
| wickets2 = [[Kuldeep Yadav]] 3/19 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 68 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415754.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Providence Stadium]], [[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Axar Patel]] (Ind)
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = India qualified in the T20 World Cup final for the third time.
}}
Throughout a rain-affected innings India managed to score 171 for the loss of 7 wickets, with the Indian captain [[Rohit Sharma]] scoring 57 off 39 balls and England's [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]] taking 3/37 in 3 overs. In the second innings with the highest score being 25 off of 19 balls by [[Harry Brook]], England were bowled out for 103 in 16.4 overs, with India's [[Kuldeep Yadav]] taking 3/19 in 4 overs. Indian spinner [[Axar Patel]] was awarded with the Player of the match award. India qualified for their third T20 World Cup final after previously having won the tournament in [[2007 World Twenty20 final|2007]] and being runner-up in [[2014 World Twenty20 final|2014]].

==== Final ====
{{Further|2024 Men's T20 World Cup final}}
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{Anchor|match55}}
| date = 29 June 2024
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|SA}}
| score1 = 176/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Virat Kohli]] 76 (59)
| wickets1 = [[Keshav Maharaj]] 2/23 (3 overs)
| score2 = 169/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Heinrich Klaasen]] 52 (27)
| wickets2 = [[Hardik Pandya]] 3/20 (3 overs)
| result = India won by 7 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415755.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes = This was South Africa's maiden appearance and India's third appearance at the T20 World Cup final.<ref name=SF1q>{{Cite web |title=South Africa demolish Afghanistan to enter their maiden men's World Cup final |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/afghanistan-vs-south-africa-1st-semi-final-1415753/match-report |access-date=2025-02-28 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627054524/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/afghanistan-vs-south-africa-1st-semi-final-1415753/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=SF2q>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-27 |title=Rohit, Axar and Kuldeep lead India's dismantling of England in semi-final |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/england-vs-india-2nd-semi-final-1415754/match-report |access-date=2025-02-28 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=28 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250228092444/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/england-vs-india-2nd-semi-final-1415754/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Hardik Pandya]] (Ind) played in his 100th T20I.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2024 |title=Hardik Pandya Features in His 100th T20 International, Achieves Feat During IND vs SA ICC T20 World Cup 2024 Final {{!}} 🏏 LatestLY |url=https://www.latestly.com/socially/sports/cricket/hardik-pandya-features-in-his-100th-t20-international-achieves-feat-during-ind-vs-sa-icc-t20-world-cup-2024-final-6073741.html |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=LatestLY |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629164816/https://www.latestly.com/socially/sports/cricket/hardik-pandya-features-in-his-100th-t20-international-achieves-feat-during-ind-vs-sa-icc-t20-world-cup-2024-final-6073741.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Virat Kohli]], [[Rohit Sharma]] and [[Ravindra Jadeja]] (Ind) all played their last T20I match.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=29 June 2024 |title="It was now or never": Kohli celebrates India's triumph |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/it-was-now-or-never-departing-kohli-celebrates-india-s-triumph |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=29 June 2024 |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629191655/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/it-was-now-or-never-departing-kohli-celebrates-india-s-triumph |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=30 June 2024 |title=Ravindra Jadeja announces T20I retirement after T20 World Cup victory |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/ravindra-jadeja-announces-t20i-retirement-after-t20-world-cup-victory |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=30 June 2024 |archive-date=30 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240630125322/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/ravindra-jadeja-announces-t20i-retirement-after-t20-world-cup-victory |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) became the first Indian player to win the T20 World Cup twice,<ref>{{cite web |access-date=30 June 2024 |title=Rohit Sharma Scripts History, Breaks 3 World Records After India Win T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/rohit-sharma-scripts-history-breaks-3-world-records-after-india-win-t20-world-cup-2024-title-article-111369319 |website=Times Now |date=29 June 2024 |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629210149/https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/rohit-sharma-scripts-history-breaks-3-world-records-after-india-win-t20-world-cup-2024-title-article-111369319 |url-status=live }}</ref> and the first captain to win 50 T20I matches.<ref>{{cite news |title=T20 World Cup final: Rohit Sharma becomes first-ever captain to win 50 T20Is |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/t20-world-cup-2024-final-rohit-sharma-captain-50-t20-wins-9423328/ |agency=The Indian Express |publisher=Sports Desk |date=30 June 2024 |access-date=30 June 2024 |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701152829/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/t20-world-cup-2024-final-rohit-sharma-captain-50-t20-wins-9423328/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] (Ind) equalled the record of [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] for taking the most wickets in a single edition of a [[Men's T20 World Cup|T20 World Cup]] (17).
* India scored the highest-ever total in the final of a [[ICC Men's T20 World Cup|T20 World Cup]] (176), surpassing the score of 172 set by [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] in [[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup final|2021]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 June 2024 |title=India register highest team total in T20 World Cup final |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/icc-mens-t20-world-cup/india-register-highest-team-total-in-t20-world-cup-final/articleshow/111368485.cms |access-date=29 June 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629164828/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/icc-mens-t20-world-cup/india-register-highest-team-total-in-t20-world-cup-final/articleshow/111368485.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
* India won their second T20 World Cup title, equalling the [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] and [[England cricket team|England]] in most tournaments won.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=29 June 2024 |title=India win T20 World Cup 2024, stun South Africa by 7 runs in final as Bumrah, Hardik nail finish |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/india-win-t20-world-cup-2024-stun-south-africa-by-7-runs-in-final-9423182/ |website=The Indian Express |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629181658/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/india-win-t20-world-cup-2024-stun-south-africa-by-7-runs-in-final-9423182/ |url-status=live }}</ref> India also broke the record of the longest time between successive tournament wins (17 years), breaking the record of 12 years set by England.<ref>{{cite news |access-date=30 June 2024 |title=T20 World Cup 2024 final: India lifts second T20 World Cup title after 17 years |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/icc-twenty20-world-cup-2024-final-india-vs-south-africa-in-bridgetown-on-june-29-2024/article68349405.ece |website=The Hindu |last1=Achal |first1=Ashwin |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701152749/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/icc-twenty20-world-cup-2024-final-india-vs-south-africa-in-bridgetown-on-june-29-2024/article68349405.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>
* India also became the first team to win the T20 World Cup by winning 8 matches without losing.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=30 June 2024 |title=Rohit Sharma and co lift T20 World Cup 2024 trophy for India as unbeaten team |url=https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/rohit-sharma-and-co-lift-t20-world-cup-2024-trophy-for-india-as-unbeaten-team-11719689448580.html |website=Mint |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629232620/https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/rohit-sharma-and-co-lift-t20-world-cup-2024-trophy-for-india-as-unbeaten-team-11719689448580.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

=== World Test Championship ===
{{Main|2023–2025 World Test Championship}}
[[India men's national cricket team|India]] was one of the nine nations that participated in the [[2023–2025 World Test Championship]], held from [[2023 Ashes series|16 June 2023]] to [[2025 ICC World Test Championship final|14 June 2025]] at various locations.<ref>{{cite news |access-date=14 June 2023 |title=World Test Championship 2023-25 cycle kicks off with clash between arch-rivals |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3537038 |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |archive-date=14 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230614105128/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3537038 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[International Cricket Council]] announced the [[ICC Future Tours Programme|2023–2027 Future Tours Programme]] on 17 August 2022, which identified the series that were part of the World Test Championship.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2744666|title=More men's international cricket in 2023–27 FTP cycle|date=17 August 2022|work=[[International Cricket Council]]|access-date=18 August 2022|archive-date=18 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818100655/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2744666|url-status=live}}</ref> India finished third in the final standings and received a cash prize of US$1,440,000.

==== League Table ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!rowspan="2"| {{abbr|Pos.|Position}}
!rowspan="2"| Team
! colspan="4"| Matches
!rowspan="2"| {{Tooltip| Ded. |Point deductions}}
!rowspan="2"| {{Tooltip| Con. |Points contested}}
!rowspan="2"| {{Tooltip| Pts. |Points}}
!rowspan="2"| {{Tooltip| Pct. |Percentage of points won out of points contested}}
|-
!{{Tooltip| P |Played}}
!{{Tooltip| W |Won}}
!{{Tooltip|L |Lost}}
!{{Tooltip|D |Drawn}}
|- style="background:#cfc"
| 1 || style="text-align:left;" | {{cr|SA}} ||12||8||3||1||0||144||'''100'''||'''69.44'''
|- style="background:#cfc"
| 2 || style="text-align:left;" | {{cr|AUS}} ||19||13||4||2||10{{efn|name=|Australia were deducted a total 10 points for a slow [[over-rate]] in the fourth Test against England.}}||228||'''154'''||'''67.54'''
|-
| 3 || style="text-align:left;" | {{cr|IND}} ||19||9||8||2||2{{efn|name=|India were deducted a total 2 points for a slow [[over-rate]] in the first Test against South Africa.<ref name="RsaIndPen">{{cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/india-docked-crucial-world-test-championship-points |title=India docked crucial World Test Championship points |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=29 December 2023 |access-date=29 December 2023 |archive-date=2 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102185124/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/india-docked-crucial-world-test-championship-points |url-status=live }}</ref>}}|| 228 ||'''114'''||'''50.00'''
|-
| 4 || style="text-align:left;" | {{nobr|{{cr|NZ}}}}
||14||7||7||0||3{{efn|name=|New Zealand were deducted a total 3 points for a slow [[over-rate]] in the first Test against England.<ref name="EngNZPen">{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/world-test-championship-contender-hit-with-points-deduction|title=World Test Championship contender hit with points deduction|work=[[International Cricket Council]]|date=3 December 2024|access-date=3 December 2024|archive-date=5 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241205070446/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/world-test-championship-contender-hit-with-points-deduction|url-status=live}}</ref>}} ||168||'''81'''||'''48.21'''
|-
| 5 || style="text-align:left;" | {{cr|ENG}}
||22||11||10||1||22{{efn|name=|England
were deducted a total 22 points for a slow [[over-rate]] in the first, second, fourth, and fifth Tests against Australia and the first Test against New Zealand.<ref name="EngNZPen"/>}}||264||'''114'''||'''43.18'''
|-
| 6 || style="text-align:left;" | {{cr|SL}} ||13||5||8||0||0||156||'''60'''||'''38.46'''
|-
| 7 || style="text-align:left;" | {{cr|BAN}} ||12||4||8||0||3{{efn|name=|Bangladesh were deducted a total 3 points for a slow [[over-rate]] in the first Test against Pakistan.<ref name="PakBanPen"/>}}||144||'''45'''||'''31.25'''
|-
| 8 || style="text-align:left;" | {{cr|WIN}} ||13||3||8||2||0||156||'''44'''||'''28.21'''
|-
| 9 || style="text-align:left;" | {{cr|PAK}}
||14||5||9||0||13{{efn|name=|Pakistan were deducted a total 13 points for a slow [[over-rate]] in the first Test against Australia,<ref name="AusPakPen">{{cite news |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3828103 |title=Pakistan lose WTC25 points after first Test sanctions |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218115445/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3828103 |url-status=live }}</ref> the first Test against Bangladesh<ref name="PakBanPen">{{cite news |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/pakistan-bangladesh-lose-wtc-points-for-slow-over-rate-in-rawalpindi-test |title=Pakistan, Bangladesh lose WTC points for slow over-rate in Rawalpindi Test |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |access-date=26 August 2024 |archive-date=26 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240826125933/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/pakistan-bangladesh-lose-wtc-points-for-slow-over-rate-in-rawalpindi-test |url-status=live }}</ref> and the second Test against South Africa.<ref name="PakSAPen">{{cite news|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/pakistan-penalised-for-slow-over-rate-in-second-south-africa-test |title=Pakistan penalised for slow over-rate in second South Africa Test |work=[[International Cricket Council]]|access-date=7 January 2025}}</ref>
}}|| 168 || '''47'''||'''27.98'''
|}
*Sources: [[International Cricket Council]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/standings |title=ICC World Test Championship 2023–2025 Standings|work=[[International Cricket Council]] |access-date=16 May 2024 |archive-date=16 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516064847/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/standings |url-status=live}}</ref> [[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-test-championship-2023-2025-1345943/points-table-standings|title=ICC World Test Championship 2023–2025 Table|work=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|access-date=3 July 2023|archive-date=20 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620034429/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-test-championship-2023-2025-1345943/points-table-standings|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/wtc-final-scenarios-india-need-to-beat-australia-4-0-to-qualify-on-their-own-1458252|title=WTC final scenarios|work=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|access-date=4 December 2024|archive-date=4 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204041706/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/wtc-final-scenarios-india-need-to-beat-australia-4-0-to-qualify-on-their-own-1458252|url-status=live}}</ref>

==== [[Freedom Trophy (cricket)|Freedom Trophy]] (South Africa v India){{efn|name=|The 1st Test was not mentioned in this article as it was played in December 2023.}} ====
{{Main|Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2023–24}}
The [[India national cricket team|Indian cricket team]] toured South Africa from December 2023 to January 2024 to play three [[Twenty20 International]]s (T20Is), three [[One Day International]]s (ODIs) and two [[Test cricket|Test]] matches.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3591074 |title=Schedule confirmed for India's tour of South Africa |work=International Cricket Council |access-date=14 July 2023}}</ref> The Test series, where the teams were competing for the [[Freedom Trophy (cricket)|Freedom Trophy]], formed part of the [[2023–2025 World Test Championship|2023–2025 ICC World Test Championship]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/127174/indias-tour-of-sa-to-begin-with-t20is-on-december-10 |title=India's tour of SA to begin with T20Is on December 10 |work=Cricbuzz |date=14 July 2023 |access-date=15 July 2023}}</ref> South Africa won the first Test by an innings and 32 runs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/india-in-south-africa-2023-24-1387592/south-africa-vs-india-1st-test-1387603/match-report |title=Elgar and South Africa pacers flatten India inside three days |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> India went on to win the second Test by 7 wickets,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/south-africa-vs-india-second-test-shortest-match-number-of-balls-bowled-record-stats-history/article67705633.ece |title=SA vs IND, 2nd Test: India beats South Africa inside two days to record shortest Test match with a result |work=Sportstar |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> and drew the Test series 1–1.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/cricket/ind-vs-sa-bumrah-siraj-guide-india-to-historic-first-ever-test-win-in-cape-town-level-series-1-1-against-south-africa-2024-01-04-910288 |title=Bumrah, Siraj guide India to historic first-ever Test win in Cape Town; level series 1-1 against South Africa |work=India TV |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref>
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = '''2nd Test''' 3–4 January 2024
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SA}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 55 (23.2 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Kyle Verreynne]] 15 (30)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Mohammed Siraj]] 6/15 (9 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 153 (34.5 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Virat Kohli]] 46 (59)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Lungi Ngidi]] 3/30 (6 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 176 (36.5 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Aiden Markram]] 106 (103)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 6/61 (13.5 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 80/3 (12 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 28 (23)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Marco Jansen]] 1/15 (2 overs)

| result = India won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1387604.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Newlands Cricket Ground]], [[Cape Town]]
| umpires = [[Ahsan Raza]] (Pak) and [[Langton Rusere]] (Zim)
| motm = [[Mohammed Siraj]] (Ind)
| toss = South Africa won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain =
| notes = [[Tristan Stubbs]] (SA) made his Test debut. He became the first player since [[Harry Butt]] in 1896 to be dismissed twice on the first day of his Test debut.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/cricket/ind-vs-sa-tristan-stubbs-becomes-only-2nd-player-in-history-to-achieve-unwanted-feat-on-forgettable-test-debut-2024-01-04-910185 |title=Tristan Stubbs becomes only 2nd player in history to achieve unwanted feat on forgettable Test debut |work=India TV News |date=4 January 2024 |access-date=4 January 2024}}</ref>
* [[Dean Elgar]] (SA) played in his last Test. He became the first player since [[Jack Barrett (cricketer)|Jack Barrett]] in 1890 to be dismissed twice on the same day in his final Test match.<ref>{{cite news|title=SA vs IND: Dean Elgar falls cheaply to Mohammed Siraj after completing 1000 runs vs India in farewell Test|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/sa-vs-ind-dean-elgar-mohammed-siraj-1000-runs-vs-india-newlands-test-2483708-2024-01-03|work=India Today|date=3 January 2024|access-date=3 January 2024}}</ref>
* South Africa's first innings total of 55 was the [[List of India Test cricket records#Fewest runs conceded in an innings|fewest runs]] India have conceded in a completed innings of a Test match.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ind-vs-sa-south-africa-lowest-team-total-vs-india-55-all-out-test-history-record-stats/article67701604.ece |title=SA vs IND: South Africa registers lowest total by a team against India in Tests |work=Sportstar |date=3 January 2024 |access-date=3 January 2024}}</ref>
* [[Shubman Gill]] (Ind) scored his 1,000th run in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://theframes.in/cricket/shubman-gill-completes-1000-runs-in-test-cricket-2317242 |title=Shubman Gill Completes 1000 runs in Test Cricket during SA vs IND 2nd Test Day 1 in Cape Town |work=The Frames |access-date=4 January 2024 |archive-date=4 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104155532/https://theframes.in/cricket/shubman-gill-completes-1000-runs-in-test-cricket-2317242 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* This was the shortest Test in terms of balls bowled to end in a result (642).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/india-in-south-africa-2023-24-1387592/south-africa-vs-india-2nd-test-1387604/match-report |title=Siraj, Bumrah bowl India to victory in record time |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=4 January 2024}}</ref>
* This was India's first ever Test win at the venue.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.foxsports.com.au/cricket/cricket-2024-south-africa-vs-india-second-test-at-newlands-day-two-scorecard-live-updates-result-23-wickets-lost-on-day-one/news-story/9979618790442968bf4a8d3aaa3c01ef |title='Shambolic': Test chaos ends in quickest EVER win as 'ridiculous' scenes to spark ugly fallout |work=Fox Sports |date=4 January 2024 |access-date=4 January 2024}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: India 12, South Africa 0
}}

==== Anthony de Mello Trophy (India v England) ====
{{See also|Anthony de Mello Trophy}}
{{Main|English cricket team in India in 2023–24}}
The [[England cricket team]] toured India from January to March 2024 to play five [[Test cricket|Test]] matches.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bcci.tv/articles/2023/news/55556023/bcci-announces-fixtures-for-international-home-season-2023-24 |title=BCCI announces fixtures for International Home Season 2023–24 |work=Board of Control for Cricket in India |access-date=25 July 2023}}</ref>
{{Two-innings cricket match
|date = 25–28 January 2024
|report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1389399.html Scorecard]
|team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}
|team2 = {{cr|IND}}

|score-team1-inns1 = 246 (64.3 overs)
|runs-team1-inns1 = [[Ben Stokes]] 70 (88)
|wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] 3/68 (21 overs)

|score-team2-inns1 = 436 (121 overs)
|runs-team2-inns1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 87 (180)
|wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Joe Root]] 4/79 (29 overs)

|score-team1-inns2 = 420 (102.1 overs)
|runs-team1-inns2 = [[Ollie Pope]] 196 (278)
|wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 4/41 (16.1 overs)

|score-team2-inns2 = 202 (69.2 overs)
|runs-team2-inns2 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 39 (58)
|wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Tom Hartley (cricketer)|Tom Hartley]] 7/62 (26.2 overs)

|result = England won by 28 runs
|venue = [[Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium]], [[Hyderabad]]
|umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)
|motm = [[Ollie Pope]] (Eng)
|toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.
|rain =
|notes = [[KL Rahul]] (Ind) played in his 50th Test.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/kl-rahul-14th-test-fifty-virat-kohli-batting-position-ind-vs-eng-hyderabad-2493907-2024-01-26 |title=IND vs ENG: KL Rahul excels in Virat Kohli's batting position, hits half-century in his 50th Test |work=India Today |access-date=4 March 2024 |date=26 January 2024}}</ref>
* [[Tom Hartley (cricketer)|Tom Hartley]] (Eng) made his Test debut and took his first [[List of England cricketers who have taken five-wicket hauls on Test debut|five-wicket haul]] in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.skysports.com/cricket/news/12123/13058363/india-vs-england-ollie-pope-pivotal-as-tom-hartley-breaks-curse-in-comeback-test-victory-for-the-ages |title=India vs England: Ollie Pope pivotal as Tom Hartley breaks curse in comeback Test victory for the ages |work=Sky Spots|access-date=29 January 2024}}</ref>
* This was India's first Test defeat at this venue.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/england-debutant-hartley-sends-india-spinning-to-defeat-in-hyderabad-test-101706457769379.html |title=England debutant Hartley sends India spinning to defeat in Hyderabad Test |work=Hindustan Times|date=28 January 2024 |access-date=29 January 2024}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: England 12, India 0.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
|date = 2–5 February 2024
|report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1389400.html Scorecard]
|team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
|team2 = {{cr|ENG}}

|score-team1-inns1 = 396 (112 overs)
|runs-team1-inns1 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 209 (290)
|wickets-team1-inns1 = [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]] 3/47 (25 overs)

|score-team2-inns1 = 253 (55.5 overs)
|runs-team2-inns1 = [[Zak Crawley]] 76 (78)
|wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 6/45 (15.5 overs)

|score-team1-inns2 = 255 (78.3 overs)
|runs-team1-inns2 = [[Shubman Gill]] 104 (147)
|wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Tom Hartley (cricketer)|Tom Hartley]] 4/77 (27 overs)

|score-team2-inns2 = 292 (69.2 overs)
|runs-team2-inns2 = [[Zak Crawley]] 73 (132)
|wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 3/46 (17.2 overs)

|result = India won by 106 runs
|venue = [[Dr. Y. S. Rajashekar Reddy ACA–VDCA Cricket Stadium]], [[Visakhapatnam]]
|umpires = [[Marais Erasmus]] (SA) and [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ)
|motm = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind)
|toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.
|rain =
|notes = [[Rajat Patidar]] (Ind) and [[Shoaib Bashir]] (Eng) both made their Test debuts.
* [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] (Ind) scored his first double hundred in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/ind-vs-eng-2nd-test-yashasvi-jaiswal-scores-maiden-double-century-of-test-career-8764541.html |title=IND vs ENG, 2nd Test: Yashasvi Jaiswal Scores Maiden Double-Century of Test Career |access-date=3 February 2024 |work=News18}}</ref>
* [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind) took his 150th wicket in Tests.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/jasprit-bumrah-fastest-indian-pacer-to-150-test-wickets-record-stats-ind-vs-eng-2nd-test/article67807406.ece/|title=IND vs ENG: Bumrah becomes fastest Indian pacer to pick 150 Test wickets |access-date=3 February 2024 |work=Spotstar|date=3 February 2024 }}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: India 12, England 0.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
|date = 15–18 February 2024
|report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1389401.html Scorecard]
|team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
|team2 = {{cr|ENG}}

|score-team1-inns1 = 445 (130.5 overs)
|runs-team1-inns1 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 131 (196)
|wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Mark Wood (cricketer)|Mark Wood]] 4/114 (27.5 overs)

|score-team2-inns1 = 319 (71.1 overs)
|runs-team2-inns1 = [[Ben Duckett]] 153 (151)
|wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Mohammed Siraj]] 4/84 (21.1 overs)

|score-team1-inns2 = 430/4[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (98 overs)
|runs-team1-inns2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 214[[not out|*]] (236)
|wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Tom Hartley (cricketer)|Tom Hartley]] 1/78 (23 overs)

|score-team2-inns2 = 122 (39.4 overs)
|runs-team2-inns2 = [[Mark Wood (cricketer)|Mark Wood]] 33 (15)
|wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 5/41 (12.4 overs)

|result = India won by 434 runs
|venue = [[Niranjan Shah Stadium]], [[Rajkot]]
|umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] (SL) and [[Joel Wilson (umpire)|Joel Wilson]] (WI)
|motm = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] (Ind)
|toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.
|rain =
|notes = [[Dhruv Jurel]] and [[Sarfaraz Khan (cricketer)|Sarfaraz Khan]] (Ind) both made their Test debuts.
* [[Ben Stokes]] (Eng) played in his 100th Test.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wisden.com/series-stories/india-v-england-2024/ben-stokes-100th-test-full-list-players-100-or-more-matches-ind-vs-eng-cricket-news-today |title=Ben Stokes' 100th Test: Full list of players to feature in 100 or more Test matches |access-date=15 February 2024 |work=Wisden|date=13 February 2024 }}</ref>
* [[Ravindra Jadeja]] (Ind) scored his 3,000th run in Tests.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ind-vs-eng-3rd-test-ravindra-jadeja-shane-warne-daniel-vettori-elite-club-3000-test-runs-2502645-2024-02-15 |title=IND vs ENG: Ravindra Jadeja joins Shane Warne, Daniel Vettori in elite club after 3000 Test runs |access-date=16 February 2024 |work=India Today|date=15 February 2024 }}</ref>
* [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] surpassed [[Anil Kumble]] to become the [[List of India Test cricket records#Fastest wicket taker|fastest Indian bowler]] to pick up [[List of bowlers who have taken 300 or more wickets in Test cricket|500 wickets in Tests]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ravichandran Ashwin surpasses Anil Kumble to become fastest Indian to reach 500 Test wicket |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/ravichandran-ashwin-becomes-second-fastest-to-500-test-wickets-beats-anil-kumble-to-become-quickest-indian-101707109892285.html |website=Hindustan Times |access-date=18 February 2024 |language=en |date=16 February 2024}}</ref> He withdrew from the match after day two due to a family emergency,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/68303676 |title=Ravichandran Ashwin: India spinner out of third Test against England because of family emergency |access-date=16 February 2024 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> before rejoining at the start of the third session of play on day four.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ashwin-set-to-rejoin-indian-team-in-rajkot-1421616 |title=Ashwin rejoins Indian team in Rajkot |access-date=18 February 2024 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
* [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] (Ind) equalled [[Wasim Akram]]'s record for most sixes by a batter in a Test innings (12).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/yashwasvi-jaiswal-most-sixes-test-innings-india-vs-england-world-record-wasim-akram-stats-numbers/article67860071.ece |title=IND vs ENG, 3rd Test: Yashasvi Jaiswal equals record for most sixes by a batter in a Test innings |access-date=18 February 2024 |work=Sportstar|date=18 February 2024 }}</ref>
* This was [[List of India Test cricket records#Greatest win margins (by runs)|India's largest win in Tests in terms of runs]]. It was also England's [[List of England Test cricket records#Greatest loss margins (by runs)|second largest defeat in Tests]], and their largest since [[Australian cricket team in England in 1934#Fifth Test|1934]].<ref>{{cite web |title=IND vs ENG: India record biggest Test win by runs, beat England by 434 runs in Rajkot |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ind-vs-eng-india-record-biggest-test-by-runs-beat-england-by-434-runs-in-rajkot-9167977 |website=The Indian Express |access-date=18 February 2024 |language=en |date=18 February 2024}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: India 12, England 0.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
|date = 23–26 February 2024
|report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1389402.html Scorecard]
|team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}
|team2 = {{cr|IND}}

|score-team1-inns1 = 353 (104.5 overs)
|runs-team1-inns1 = [[Joe Root]] 122[[not out|*]] (274)
|wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 4/67 (32.5 overs)

|score-team2-inns1 = 307 (103.2 overs)
|runs-team2-inns1 = [[Dhruv Jurel]] 90 (149)
|wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Shoaib Bashir]] 5/119 (44 overs)

|score-team1-inns2 = 145 (53.5 overs)
|runs-team1-inns2 = [[Zak Crawley]] 60 (91)
|wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] 5/51 (15.5 overs)

|score-team2-inns2 = 192/5 (61 overs)
|runs-team2-inns2 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 55 (81)
|wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Shoaib Bashir]] 3/79 (26 overs)

|result = India won by 5 wickets
|venue = [[JSCA International Stadium Complex]], [[Ranchi]]
|umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] (SL) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
|motm = [[Dhruv Jurel]] (Ind)
|toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.
|rain =
|notes = [[Akash Deep]] (Ind) made his Test debut.
* [[Shoaib Bashir]] (Eng) took his maiden [[five-wicket haul]] in Tests.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/shoaib-bashir-youngest-overseas-bowler-five-wickets-record-in-india-paul-adams-ind-vs-eng-4th-test/article67884470.ece |title=IND vs ENG: Shoaib Bashir becomes second youngest overseas bowler to pick five wickets in India |access-date=25 February 2024 |work=Sportstar|date=25 February 2024 }}</ref>
* [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] equalled [[Anil Kumble]]'s record for [[List of India Test cricket records#Most five-wicket hauls in an innings|the most five-wicket hauls by an Indian bowler in Tests]] (35).<ref>{{cite web |title=R Ashwin roars back to form, levels Anil Kumble with 35th Test five-wicket-haul |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/back-in-form-ravichandran-ashwin-fastest-to-350-wickets-in-india-as-england-test-poised-on-a-knife-edge-101708846050802.html |website=Hindustan Times |access-date=25 February 2024 |language=en |date=25 February 2024}}</ref>
* [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) scored his 4,000th run in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |title=IND vs ENG, 4th Test: Rohit Sharma completes 4000 runs in Tests |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/rohit-sharma-completes-4000-runs-tests-india-vs-england-4th-test-ranchi-ind-eng-news/article67877314.ece |website=Sportstar |access-date=25 February 2024 |language=en |date=25 February 2024}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: India 12, England 0.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
|date = 7–9 March 2024
|report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1389403.html Scorecard]
|team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}
|team2 = {{cr|IND}}

|score-team1-inns1 = 218 (57.4 overs)
|runs-team1-inns1 = [[Zak Crawley]] 79 (108)
|wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Kuldeep Yadav]] 5/72 (15 overs)

|score-team2-inns1 = 477 (124.1 overs)
|runs-team2-inns1 = [[Shubman Gill]] 110 (150)
|wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Shoaib Bashir]] 5/173 (46.1 overs)

|score-team1-inns2 = 195 (48.1 overs)
|runs-team1-inns2 = [[Joe Root]] 84 (128)
|wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] 5/77 (14 overs)

|score-team2-inns2 =
|runs-team2-inns2 =
|wickets-team2-inns2 =

|result = India won by an innings and 64 runs
|venue = [[Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Dharamshala]]
|umpires = [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus) and [[Joel Wilson (umpire)|Joel Wilson]] (WI)
|motm = [[Kuldeep Yadav]] (Ind)
|toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.
|rain =
|notes = [[Devdutt Padikkal]] (Ind) made his Test debut.
* [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] (Ind) and [[Jonny Bairstow]] (Eng) both played in their 100th Test.<ref>{{cite web |title=Landmark milestone for Ravichandran Ashwin in Dharamsala |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/landmark-milestone-for-ravichandran-ashwin-in-dharamsala |work=International Cricket Council |date=7 March 2024 |access-date=7 March 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Jonny Bairstow marks his 100th appearance for England in Test cricket |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/jonny-bairstow-marks-his-100th-appearance-for-england-in-test-cricket |work=International Cricket Council |date=7 March 2024 |access-date=7 March 2024}}</ref>
* [[Kuldeep Yadav]] (Ind) took his 50th wicket in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |title=India post hard-hitting reply after Kuldeep five-for wrecks England
|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/england-in-india-2023-24-1389386/india-vs-england-5th-test-1389403/match-report-1|website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=7 March 2024 |language=en |date=7 March 2024}}</ref>
* Jonny Bairstow (Eng) scored his 6,000th run in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |title=IND vs ENG: Jonny Bairstow's record-filled Dharamsala Test
|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/jonny-bairstow-completes-6000-test-runs-india-vs-england-fifth-test-2511758-2024-03-07/|website=IndiaToday |access-date=7 March 2024 |language=en |date=7 March 2024}}</ref>
* [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] (Ind) broke [[Cheteshwar Pujara]]'s record for the fastest to make 1,000 Test runs, in terms of matches played (9).<ref>{{cite web |title=IND vs ENG, 5th Test: Yashasvi Jaiswal becomes fastest Indian to score 1000 Test runs|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/yashasvi-jaiswal-fastest-india-1000-test-runs-record-sunil-gavaskar-cheteshwar-pujara-ind-vs-eng-5th-test/article67924363.ece/|website=Sportstar |access-date=7 March 2024 |language=en |date=7 March 2024}}</ref>
* [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]] (Eng) became the first pacer and third bowler overall to pick [[List of bowlers who have taken 300 or more wickets in Test cricket|700 wickets in Tests]].<ref>{{cite web |first=Callum |last=Matthews |title=James Anderson: England bowler becomes first seamer to reach 700 Test wickets |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/68217903 |work=BBC Sport |access-date=9 March 2024 |language=en |date=9 March 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/james-anderson-completes-700-wickets-in-tests-india-vs-england-5th-test-dharamsala-ind-eng-cricket-news/article67881435.ece |title=IND vs ENG: James Anderson completes 700 wickets in Tests, only third bowler to record feat |work=Sportstar |date=9 March 2024 |access-date=9 March 2024}}</ref>
* Ravichandran Ashwin claimed his [[List of international cricket five-wicket hauls by Ravichandran Ashwin|36th five-wicket haul]], the most by an India bowler in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ravichandran Ashwin is a thinking bowler, England's batsmen will vouch for it |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ravichandran-ashwin-is-a-thinking-bowler-englands-batsmen-will-vouch-for-it-9204703 |website=The Indian Express |access-date=9 March 2024 |language=en |date=9 March 2024}}</ref> He became the first player in Test cricket history to take a [[five-wicket haul]] in his hundredth test.
* This was the first time that a Test series had more than 100 sixes hit.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Junior Staff |first1=CA |title=History created! India vs England Test series achieves this remarkable six-hitting milestone |url=https://cricketaddictor.com/ind-vs-eng/history-created-india-vs-england-test-series-achieves-this-remarkable-six-hitting-milestone/ |website=CricketAddictor |date=9 March 2024 |access-date=9 March 2024}}</ref>
* India won a five match test series 4-1 after losing the first match, the first such instance in 112 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=India vs England Test series Statistics: Ashwin and Anderson's remarkable feats, India achieving a first and more |access-date=9 March 2024 |url=https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/sports-news/india-vs-england-2024-ravichandran-ashwin-james-anderson-statistics-13747093.html/amp |work=Firstpost}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: India 12, England 0.
}}

==== Ganguly–Durjoy Trophy (India v Bangladesh) ====
{{Main|Bangladeshi cricket team in India in 2024–25}}
The [[Bangladesh national cricket team|Bangladesh cricket team]] toured India in September and October 2024 to play against the [[India national cricket team|India cricket team]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bangladesh to tour India for 2 tests, 3 T20Is |url=https://www.dailymessenger.net/sports/news/15793 |access-date=2024-03-24 |website=[[The Daily Messenger]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=২ টেস্ট, ৩ টি-টোয়েন্টি খেলতে ভারতে যাবে বাংলাদেশ |trans-title=Bangladesh will go to India to play 2 Tests and 3 T20Is |url=https://www.rtvonline.com/sports/266168 |access-date=24 March 2024 |website=[[RTV Online]] |language=bn-BD}}</ref>
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 19–22 September 2024
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|BAN}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 376 (91.2 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] 113 (133)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Hasan Mahmud (cricketer)|Hasan Mahmud]] 5/83 (22.2 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 149 (47.1 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Shakib Al Hasan]] 32 (64)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 4/50 (11 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 287/4[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (64 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Shubman Gill]] 119[[not out|*]] (176)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Mehidy Hasan Miraz]] 2/103 (25 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 234 (62.1 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Najmul Hossain Shanto]] 82 (127)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] 6/88 (21 overs)

| result = India won by 280 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439891.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium]], [[Chennai]]
| umpires = [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] (Ind)
| toss = Bangladesh won the toss and elected to field.
| rain =
| notes = The 17 wickets to fall on day 2 were the most on a single day in a Test match at this ground.<ref>{{cite web |last=Monga |first=Sidharth |date=20 September 2024 |title=Bumrah, Jadeja back Bangladesh into a corner on 17-wicket day |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/bangladesh-in-india-2024-25-1439844/india-vs-bangladesh-1st-test-1439891/match-report-2 |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=7 October 2024}}</ref>
* In Bangladesh's second innings, Ravichandran Ashwin passed [[Courtney Walsh]] on the list of [[List of bowlers who have taken 300 or more wickets in Test cricket|bowlers with the most wickets]] in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |last=Monga |first=Sidharth |date=22 September 2024 |title=Ashwin's double act of hundred and six-for secures 1-0 lead for India |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/bangladesh-in-india-2024-25-1439844/india-vs-bangladesh-1st-test-1439891/match-report-4 |website=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=7 October 2024}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: India 12, Bangladesh 0.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 27 September – 1 October 2024
| team1 = {{cr-rt|BAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 233 (74.2 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Mominul Haque]] 107[[not out|*]] (194)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 3/50 (18 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 285/9[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (34.4 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 72 (51)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Mehidy Hasan Miraz]] 4/41 (6.4 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 146 (47 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Shadman Islam]] 50 (101)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 3/17 (10 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 98/3 (17.2 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 51 (45)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Mehidy Hasan Miraz]] 2/44 (9 overs)

| result = India won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439892.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Green Park Stadium]], [[Kanpur]]
| umpires = [[Chris Brown (cricketer, born 1973)|Chris Brown]] (NZ) and [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] (Ind)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = Only 35 overs of play was possible on Day 1 and no play was possible on Day 2 and Day 3 due to rain and wet outfield.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/bangladesh-in-india-2024-25-1439844/india-vs-bangladesh-2nd-test-1439892/match-report-1 |title=Heavy rain calls off first day after Bangladesh lose three |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|date=27 September 2024 |access-date=28 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/131776/rain-forces-washout-on-second-day-in-kanpur |title=Rain forces washout on second day in Kanpur |work=[[Cricbuzz]]|date=28 September 2024 |access-date=28 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/india-bangladesh-kanpur-test-day-3-updates/article68697013.ece |title=Day 3 of India vs Bangladesh 2nd test washed out due to wet outfield |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=29 September 2024 |access-date=29 September 2024}}</ref>
| notes = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] (Ind) became the 39th person to take 300 Tests wickets, from fewer deliveries (11,817) than any player before him.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kalidas |first=Lalith |date=30 September 2024 |title=Ravindra Jadeja becomes second fastest to the 300 Wickets/3000 Runs grand double, behind Ian Botham |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ravindra-jadeja-2nd-fastest-300-wickets-3000-runs-all-rounder-9590907/ |website=[[The Indian Express]] |location=Noida |access-date=30 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author= |date=21 October 2024 |title=Rabada takes 300th Test wicket – how does he compare |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/cm2828e55m0o |website=[[BBC Sport]] |location=London |access-date=22 October 2024}}</ref>
* [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind) became the fastest to complete 27,000 runs in international cricket, in terms of innings (594).<ref>{{cite web |author= |date=30 September 2024 |title=IND vs BAN, 2nd Test: Kohli becomes fastest player to reach 27,000 international runs |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/virat-kohli-fastest-player-to-reach-27000-international-runs-sachin-tendulkar-record-india-vs-bangladesh-2nd-test/article68700961.ece |website=[[Sportstar]] |location=Chennai |access-date=30 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/bangladesh-in-india/virat-kohli-becomes-fastest-to-27000-runs-in-international-cricket/articleshow/113815164.cms |title=Virat Kohli becomes fastest to 27,000 runs in international cricket |work=Times of India |date=30 September 2024 |access-date=30 September 2024}}</ref>
* India's match [[run rate]] of 7.36 was the highest in Test history, breaking the previous record of 6.80 set by [[Zimbabwean cricket team in South Africa in 2004–05#1st Test|South Africa in the first Test against Zimbabwe]] at [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Cape Town]] in 2005.<ref>{{cite web |author= |date=1 October 2024 |title=India shatters records in dominant win over Bangladesh in second Test |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/india-shatters-records-in-dominant-win-over-bangladesh-in-second-test |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001133355/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/india-shatters-records-in-dominant-win-over-bangladesh-in-second-test |archive-date=1 October 2024 |website=[[International Cricket Council|ICC]] |location=Dubai |access-date=7 October 2024}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: India 12, Bangladesh 0.
}}

==== India v New Zealand ====
{{Main|New Zealand cricket team in India in 2024–25}}
The [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand cricket team]] toured India in October and November 2024 to play three [[Test cricket|Test]] matches against [[India national cricket team|India cricket team]].<ref>{{cite news|title=India to host Bangladesh, New Zealand and England during 2024-25 home season|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/india-to-host-bangladesh-new-zealand-and-england-during-2024-25-home-season-1439839|access-date=22 June 2024|work=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/india-announce-international-fixtures-for-home-season-2024-25|title=India announce international fixtures for home season 2024-25|work=[[International Cricket Council]]|access-date=20 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Kanpur amongst Test venues as India announce home schedule |url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/130804/kanpur-amongst-test-venues-as-india-announce-home-schedule|access-date=25 March 2024|work=[[Cricbuzz]]}}</ref> Prior to the series, New Zealand had won only two test matches in India with their last win coming in the [[New Zealand cricket team in India in 1988–89|1988-89 season]]. New Zealand won all the three tests in the series, setting several records in the process, including their first series victory in India and the first instance of India being whitewashed 3–0 in a Test series at home. This was India's first Test series defeat at home since [[England cricket team|England]] beat them in [[English cricket team in India in 2012–13|2012]].<ref name="FD">{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/world-test-championship/news/india-suffer-first-home-test-series-defeat-in-over-a-decade |title=India suffer first home Test series defeat in over a decade |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |access-date=26 October 2024}}</ref>
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 16–20 October 2024
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|NZ}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 46 (31.2 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Rishabh Pant]] 20 (49)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Matt Henry (cricketer)|Matt Henry]] 5/15 (13.2 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 402 (91.3 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Rachin Ravindra]] 134 (157)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 3/72 (20 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 462 (99.3 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Sarfaraz Khan (cricketer)|Sarfaraz Khan]] 150 (195)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[William O'Rourke (cricketer)|William O'Rourke]] 3/92 (21 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 110/2 (27.4 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Will Young (cricketer)|Will Young]] 48[[not out|*]] (76)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 2/29 (8 overs)

| result = New Zealand won by 8 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439896.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[M. Chinnaswamy Stadium]], [[Bengaluru]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Rachin Ravindra]] (NZ)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain = No play was possible on Day 1 due to rain.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/132046/persistent-rain-washes-out-opening-day-in-bengaluru |title=Persistent rain washes out opening day in Bengaluru |work=[[Cricbuzz]] |access-date=16 October 2024}}</ref>
| notes = India recorded their [[List of India Test cricket records#Fewest runs in an innings|third-lowest Test score]], which was their lowest at home.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/india-46-all-out-in-bengaluru-record-lowest-ever-test-score-at-home-9624779/ |title=India 46 all out vs NZ in Bengaluru, record lowest-ever Test score at home |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/india-46-all-out-against-new-zealand-full-list-of-indias-lowest-scores-in-test-history-and-forgettable-records-101729149127367.html |title=India 46 all out against New Zealand: Full list of India's lowest scores in Test history and forgettable records |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref>
* [[Matt Henry (cricketer)|Matt Henry]] became the joint second-fastest player to take 100 wickets in Tests for New Zealand.<ref>
{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/five-star-matt-henry-celebrates-100-wicket-milestone-decimates-india-in-bengaluru-india-vs-new-zealand-2618405-2024-10-17 |title=Five-star Matt Henry celebrates 100-wicket milestone, decimates India in Bengaluru |work=[[India Today]] |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Pant |first=Ashish |date=17 October 2024 |title='Relentless' Matt Henry revels in the gloom |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/matt-henry-revels-in-the-gloom-against-india-in-bengaluru-1455786 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=19 October 2024}}</ref>
* [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind) scored his [[List of India Test cricket records#Most career runs|9,000th run in Tests]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ind-vs-nz-virat-kohli-9000-test-runs-4th-indian-record-9626957/ |title=IND vs NZ: Virat Kohli completes 9000 Test runs, fourth Indian to record feat |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=18 October 2024}}</ref>
* [[Sarfaraz Khan (cricketer)|Sarfaraz Khan]] (Ind) scored his first [[Century (cricket)|century]] in Tests.<ref>
{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ind-vs-nz-sarfaraz-khan-hits-maiden-test-hundred-at-no-4-for-india-9627991/ |title=IND vs NZ: Sarfaraz Khan hits maiden Test hundred at No. 4 for India |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=19 October 2024}}</ref>
* This was New Zealand's first Test win against India in India [[New Zealand cricket team in India in 1988–89|after 36 years]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/tom-latham-led-new-zealand-script-history-beat-india-in-a-test-at-their-home-after-36-years-101729405363998.html |title=Tom Latham-led New Zealand script history, beat India in a Test at their home after 36 years |newspaper=[[The Hindustan Times]] |access-date=19 October 2024}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: New Zealand 12, India 0.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 24–26 October 2024
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NZ}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 259 (79.1 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Devon Conway]] 76 (141)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Washington Sundar]] 7/59 (23.1 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 156 (45.3 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 38 (46)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Mitchell Santner]] 7/53 (19.3 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 255 (69.4 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Tom Latham (cricketer)|Tom Latham]] 86 (133)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Washington Sundar]] 4/56 (19 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 245 (60.2 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 77 (65)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Mitchell Santner]] 6/104 (29 overs)

| result = New Zealand won by 113 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439897.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Maharashtra Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Pune]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Mitchell Santner]] (NZ)
| toss = New Zealand won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain =
| notes = Both [[Washington Sundar]] (Ind) and [[Mitchell Santner]] (NZ) took their first [[five-wicket haul]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/india-vs-new-zealand-second-test-match-washington-sundar-first-five-wicket-haul-career-ind-v-nz/article68790910.ece |title=IND vs NZ, 2nd Test: Washington Sundar picks maiden Test five-wicket haul |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=24 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxsports.com.au/cricket/cricket-2024-india-vs-new-zealand-results-mitchell-santner-fivewicket-haul-match-wrap-videos-highlights-ravindra-jadeja-scorecard/news-story/80bd963e4d244a776a82f0e9b89c8190 |title=Kiwi star's seven-wicket haul stuns India as NZ surge ahead in series-defining clash |work=[[Fox Sports]]|access-date=26 October 2024}}</ref> and first [[ten-wicket haul]] in Tests.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sportstiger.com/news/washington-sundar-pens-history-with-his-first-10-wicket-haul-against-new-zealand |title=Washington Sundar pens history with his first 10-wicket haul against New Zealand |work=Sports Tiger |access-date=26 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/132212/santner-magic-propels-new-zealand-towards-history |title=Santner magic propels New Zealand towards history |work=[[Cricbuzz]] |access-date=26 October 2024}}</ref>
* This was India's first Test series defeat at home since [[English cricket team in India in 2012-13|2012]].
* This was New Zealand's first Test series victory in India.
* World Test Championship points: New Zealand 12, India 0.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 1–3 November 2024
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NZ}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 235 (65.4 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Daryl Mitchell (New Zealand cricketer)|Daryl Mitchell]] 82 (129)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 5/65 (22 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 263 (59.4 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Shubman Gill]] 90 (146)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Ajaz Patel]] 5/103 (21.4 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 174 (45.5 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Will Young (cricketer)|Will Young]] 51 (100)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 5/55 (13.5 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 121 (29.1 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Rishabh Pant]] 64 (57)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Ajaz Patel]] 6/57 (14.1 overs)

| result = New Zealand won by 25 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439898.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Wankhede Stadium]], [[Mumbai]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Ajaz Patel]] (NZ)
| toss = New Zealand won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain =
| notes = This was the first time India was whitewashed 3-0 in a Test series at home.
* World Test Championship points: New Zealand 12, India 0.
}}

====[[Border–Gavaskar Trophy]] (Australia v India){{efn|name=|The 5th test was not mentioned in this article as it was played in January 2025.}}====
{{Main|Indian cricket team in Australia in 2024–25}}
The [[India national cricket team|Indian cricket team]] toured [[Australia]] from November 2024 to January 2025 to play five [[Test cricket|Test]] matches and three [[First-class cricket|first-class]] warm-up matches against the [[Australia national cricket team|Australian cricket team]].<ref>{{Cite web |date= 18 March 2024|title=India vs Australia Test series: Adelaide in the fray to host another pink-ball Test |url=https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/sports-news/india-vs-australia-adelaide-pink-ball-test-border-gavaskar-trophy-2024-25-13750078.html |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=[[Firstpost]] |language=en-us}}</ref> India had retained the [[Border–Gavaskar Trophy]] after defeating Australia 2–1 in the [[Australian cricket team in India in 2022–23|previous series in 2023]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/mar/13/india-win-series-2-1-after-fourth-test-with-australia-ends-in-a-draw |title=India win series 2–1 after fourth Test with Australia ends in a draw |date=14 March 2023 |access-date=4 October 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/sports/cricket/india-retain-border-gavaskar-trophy-after-dull-draw-1199813.html |title=India retain Border–Gavaskar Trophy after dull draw |date=14 March 2023 |access-date=4 October 2024 |work=[[Deccan Herald]]}}</ref> However, this time Australia won the series by 3–1 to win the trophy for the first time since [[2014–15 Border–Gavaskar Trophy|2014-15]].<ref>{{cite web |access-date=5 January 2025 |title=No Bumrah, no joy: India surrender Border-Gavaskar Trophy after 7 years in Sydney |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ind-vs-aus-india-lose-border-gavaskar-trophy-sydney-test-match-jasprit-bumrah-injury-2659900-2025-01-05 |work=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=5 January 2025 |title=Border-Gavaskar Trophy: A decade of dominance done and dusted |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/sports/cricket/border-gavaskar-trophy-australia-defeat-india-by-6-wickets-in-sydney-win-series-3-1-3341967 |work=Deccan Herald}}</ref> This was also the last Test series of [[Ravichandran Ashwin]], [[Rohit Sharma]] and [[Virat Kohli]] before their Test retirements.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/cricket-r-ashwin-retirement-border-gavaskar-trophy-press-conference-2651524-2024-12-18 |title=R Ashwin retires from international cricket, ends career midway through Australia tour |work=[[India Today]] |date=18 December 2024 |access-date=18 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=7 May 2025 |title=Rohit Sharma announces retirement from Test cricket; will continue to play for India in ODIs |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/rohit-sharma-retires-test-cricket-india-captain-steps-down-9731348 |work=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=12 May 2025 |title=Virat Kohli retires from Test cricket with immediate effect, bows out as India's fourth-highest run scorer |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/virat-kohli-retires-from-test-cricket-with-immediate-effect-bows-out-as-indias-fourth-highest-run-scorer-101746855689461.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 22–25 November 2024
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 150 (49.4 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Nitish Kumar Reddy]] 41 (59)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Josh Hazlewood]] 4/29 (13 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 104 (51.2 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Mitchell Starc]] 29 (112)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 5/30 (18 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 6/487[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (134.3 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 161 (297)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Nathan Lyon]] 2/96 (39 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 238 (58.4 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Travis Head]] 89 (101)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 3/42 (12 overs)

| result = India won by 295 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1426555.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Perth Stadium]], [[Perth]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain =
| notes = [[Nathan McSweeney]] (Aus), [[Harshit Rana]] and [[Nitish Kumar Reddy]] (Ind) all made their Test debuts.
* [[KL Rahul]] (Ind) scored his 3,000th run in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/kl-rahul-3000-test-runs-india-vs-australia-perth-border-gavaskar-trophy-2024-stats-records-cricket-news/article68894600.ece |title=KL Rahul crosses 3000 Test runs during Australia vs India match at Perth |work=[[Sportstar]] |date=22 November 2024 |access-date=22 November 2024}}</ref>
* [[Virat Kohli]] scored his 7th Test century in Australia, breaking [[Sachin Tendulkar]]'s record of most Test centuries for India in Australia.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=26 November 2024 |title=Virat Kohli shatters Sachin Tendulkar's record, roars back to form with blazing century vs Australia to reclaim throne |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/virat-kohli-fires-back-to-form-with-30th-test-century-reclaims-throne-by-dominating-australia-101732439485313.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
* This was Australia's first loss in a Test match at the Perth Stadium and India became the first visiting team to win a Test match at the ground.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=25 November 2024 |title=India creates history with 1st win over Australia at Perth's Optus Stadium |url=https://www.business-standard.com/cricket/news/india-creates-history-with-1st-win-over-australia-at-perth-s-optus-stadium-ind-vs-aus-124112500458_1.html |work=Business Standard}}</ref>
* This was India's biggest victory in terms of runs in Australia.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=25 November 2024 |title=AUS vs IND: Bumrah's historic feat, India's biggest win in Australia – Stat Pack |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/story/cricket-australia-vs-india-jasprit-bumrah-perth-test-win-stat-pack-2639670-2024-11-25 |work=India Today|date=25 November 2024 }}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: India 12, Australia 0.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 6–8 December 2024
| daynight = Y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 180 (44.1 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Nitish Kumar Reddy]] 42 (54)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Mitchell Starc]] 6/48 (14.1 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 337 (87.3 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Travis Head]] 140 (141)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 4/61 (23 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 175 (36.5 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Nitish Kumar Reddy]] 42 (47)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Pat Cummins]] 5/57 (14 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 0/19 (3.2 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Nathan McSweeney]] 10[[not out|*]] (12)
| wickets-team2-inns2 =

| result = Australia won by 10 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1426556.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Adelaide Oval]], [[Adelaide]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Travis Head]] (Aus)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain =
| notes = [[Travis Head]] (Aus) scored a century off 111 balls, the fastest in [[day-night Test]]s.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bandarupalli |first1=Sampath |title=Stats – Head's pink-ball delight and Rohit's 2024 misery |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/aus-vs-ind-2nd-test-day-night-day-2-stats-travis-head-s-pink-ball-delight-and-rohit-sharma-s-2024-misery-1463964 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=7 December 2024 |date=7 December 2024}}</ref>
* [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] (Ind) played in his last Test match.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/aus-vs-ind-bgt-3rd-test-ravichandran-ashwin-announces-his-retirement-from-test-cricket-1465671 |title=Ashwin announces retirement from international cricket |work=ESPNcricinfo |date=18 December 2024 |access-date=18 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.abplive.com/sports/cricket/ravichandran-ashwin-retirement-from-all-forms-of-cricket-ind-vs-aus-brisbane-1738247 |title=R Ashwin Retirement: Legendary Indian Off-Spinner Calls Time On International Cricket |work=ABP News |date=18 December 2024 |access-date=18 December 2024}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: Australia 12, India 0.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 14–18 December 2024
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AUS}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 445 (117.1 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Travis Head]] 152 (160)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 6/76 (28 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 260 (78.5 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[KL Rahul]] 84 (139)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Pat Cummins]] 4/81 (22 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 7/89[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (18 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Pat Cummins]] 22 (10)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 3/18 (6 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 0/8 (2.1 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 4[[not out|*]] (6)
| wickets-team2-inns2 =

| result = Match drawn
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1426557.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[The Gabba]], [[Brisbane]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Travis Head]] (Aus)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = Only 13.2 overs of play was possible on Day 1 and 24.1 overs of play on Day 5 was possible due to rain.
| notes = [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind) played in his 100th international match against Australia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.abplive.com/sports/cricket/ind-vs-aus-virat-kohli-on-verge-of-historic-century-at-gabba-only-one-player-has-done-it-before-1737389/|title=IND vs AUS: Virat Kohli On Verge Of Historic 'Century' At Gabba – Only One Player Has Done It Before |work=ABP News |date=13 December 2024 |access-date=13 December 2024}}</ref>
* [[Jasprit Bumrah]] took his 52nd Test wicket in Australia, breaking [[Kapil Dev]]'s record of most Test wickets taken for India in Australia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/jasprit-bumrah-leaves-behind-kapil-dev-scripts-all-time-asian-record-with-gabba-heroics-against-australia-101734493657402.html |title=Jasprit Bumrah leaves behind Kapil Dev, scripts all-time Asian record with Gabba heroics against Australia |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=18 December 2024}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: Australia 4, India 4.
}}
----
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 26–30 December 2024
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AUS}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 474 (122.4 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]] 140 (197)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 4/99 (28.4 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 369 (119.3 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Nitish Kumar Reddy]] 114 (189)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Scott Boland]] 3/57 (27 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 234 (83.4 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Marnus Labuschagne]] 70 (139)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 5/57 (24.4 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 155 (79.1 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 84 (208)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Pat Cummins]] 3/28 (18 overs)

| result = Australia won by 184 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1426558.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]], [[Melbourne]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Joel Wilson (umpire)|Joel Wilson]] (WI)
| motm = [[Pat Cummins]] (Aus)
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain =
| notes = [[Sam Konstas]] (Aus) made his Test debut. His fifty off 52 deliveries was the third fastest by an Australian on debut.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bandarupalli |first=Sampath |title=Teenager Konstas takes Bumrah for record 18 runs in an over |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/teenager-konstas-takes-bumrah-for-record-18-runs-in-an-over-1466615 |access-date=26 December 2024 |work=[[ESPNCricinfo]] |date=26 December 2024}}</ref>
* [[Nitish Kumar Reddy]] (Ind) scored his maiden [[Century (cricket)|century]] in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=28 December 2024 |title=IND vs AUS: Nitish Reddy hits maiden Test hundred, scripts history in Melbourne |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/story/cricket-nitish-kumar-reddy-india-vs-australia-century-melbourne-2656590-2024-12-28 |work=[[India Today]]}}</ref> He made the highest score for a batsman batting at 8 or lower at the MCG.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bandarupalli |first1=Sampath |title=Nitish Kumar Reddy's MCG century - in numbers |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/aus-vs-ind-4th-bgt-test-the-nitish-kumar-reddy-mcg-century-in-numbers-1466943 |access-date=28 December 2024 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |date=28 December 2024}}</ref>
* [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind) took his 200th wicket in Tests.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/jasprit-bumrah-fastest-indian-200-test-wickets-ind-vs-aus-mcg-9749109/ |title=Jasprit Bumrah becomes fastest Indian to record 200 Test wickets in 8484 balls during Boxing Day Test |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=29 December 2024 |access-date=29 December 2024}}</ref>
* The all-time attendance record for a Test match in Australia was broken (1st day 87,242, 2nd day 85,147, 3rd day 83,073, 4th day 43,867 and 5th day 74,362).<ref>{{cite news |last=Malcolm |first=Alex |title=All-time attendance record for a Test in Australia broken at the MCG |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/bgt-boxing-day-test-all-time-attendance-record-for-a-test-in-australia-broken-at-the-mcg-1467148 |access-date=30 December 2024 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |date=30 December 2024}}</ref>
* [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) played in his last Test match.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=7 May 2025 |title=India captain Rohit Sharma announces Test retirement |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/india-captain-rohit-sharma-announces-test-retirement |work=International Cricket Council}}</ref>
* World Test Championship points: Australia 12, India 0.
}}

===Indian Premier League===
{{Main|2024 Indian Premier League}}
The [[2024 Indian Premier League]] was the 17th edition of the [[Indian Premier League]] held from 22 March to 26 May 2024. The tournament featured 10 teams competing in 74 matches across 13 venues in India.<ref name="IPL2024Sched">{{cite news|title=IPL 2024 to kick off in Chennai on March 22|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/129574/ipl-2024-to-kick-off-in-chennai-on-march-22|access-date=22 March 2024|work=[[Cricbuzz]]|date=21 February 2024|archive-date=25 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225073529/https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/129574/ipl-2024-to-kick-off-in-chennai-on-march-22|url-status=live}}</ref> In the [[2024 Indian Premier League final|final]], [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] defeated [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]] by 8 wickets to win their third IPL title.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-26 |title=KKR's bowlers rip through SRH to win third IPL title |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2024-1410320/kolkata-knight-riders-vs-sunrisers-hyderabad-final-1426312/match-report |access-date=2024-05-26 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

==== League Stage ====
{{2024 Indian Premier League Points table}}
{{Indian Premier League results summary|mode=progression/summary|dls=Y


| CSK | RCB | H | 6W |
| PBKS| DC | H | 4W |
| KKR | SRH | H | 4R |
| RR | LSG | H | 20R |
| GT | MI | H | 6R |
| RCB | PBKS | H | 4W |
| CSK | GT | H | 63R |
| SRH | MI | H | 31R |
| RR | DC | H | 12R |
| RCB | KKR | A | 7W |

| LSG | PBKS | H | 21R |
| GT | SRH | H | 7W |
| DC | CSK | H | 20R |
| MI | RR | A | 6W |
| RCB | LSG | A | 28R |
| DC | KKR | A | 106R|
| GT | PBKS | A | 3W |
| SRH | CSK | H | 6W |
| RR | RCB | H | 6W |
| MI | DC | H | 29R |

| LSG | GT | H | 33R |
| CSK | KKR | H | 7W |
| PBKS | SRH | A | 2R |
| RR | GT | A | 3W |
| MI | RCB | H | 7W |
| LSG | DC | A | 6W |
| PBKS | RR | A | 3W |
| KKR | LSG | H | 8W |
| MI | CSK | A | 20R |
| RCB | SRH | A | 25R |

| KKR | RR | A | 2W |
| GT | DC | A | 6W |
| PBKS| MI | A | 9R |
| LSG | CSK | H | 8W |
| DC | SRH | A | 67R |
| KKR | RCB | H | 1R |
| PBKS| GT | A | 3W |
| RR | MI | H | 9W |
| CSK | LSG | A | 6W |
| DC | GT | H | 4R |

| SRH | RCB | A | 35R |
| KKR | PBKS | A | 8W |
| DC | MI | H | 10R |
| LSG | RR | A | 7W |
| GT | RCB | A | 9W |
| CSK | SRH | H | 78R |
| KKR | DC | H | 7W |
| LSG | MI | H | 4W |
| CSK | PBKS | A | 7W |
| SRH | RR | H | 1R |

| MI | KKR | A | 24R |
| RCB | GT | H | 4W |
| PBKS| CSK | A | 28R |
| LSG | KKR | A | 98R |
| MI | SRH | H | 7W |
| DC | RR | H | 20R |
| SRH | LSG | H | 10W |
| PBKS| RCB | A | 60R |
| GT | CSK | H | 35R |
| KKR | MI | H | 18R |

| CSK | RR | H | 5W |
| RCB | DC | H | 47R |
| GT | KKR | N | |
| DC | LSG | H | 19R |
| RR | PBKS | A | 5W |
| SRH | GT | N | |
| MI | LSG | A | 18R |
| RCB | CSK | H | 27R |
| SRH | PBKS | H | 4W |
| RR | KKR | N | |

| P1W = KKR | P1L = SRH
| P2W = RR | P2L = RCB
| P3W = SRH | P3L = RR
| P4W = KKR | P4L = SRH
}}

==== Playoffs ====
<section begin=bracket />
{{4TeamBracket-PagePlayoff
| team-width = 150px | score-width = 150px

| RD1 = '''[[2024 Indian Premier League#Qualifier 1|Qualifier 1]]'''
| RD1-text1 = 21 May 2024 {{en dash}} [[Narendra Modi Stadium|Ahmedabad]]
| RD1-seed1 = '''1'''
| RD1-team1 = '''[[Kolkata Knight Riders]]'''
| RD1-score1 = '''164/2 (13.4 overs)'''
| RD1-seed2 = 2
| RD1-team2 = [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]]
| RD1-score2 = 159 (19.3 overs)

| RD1b = '''[[2024 Indian Premier League#Eliminator|Eliminator]]'''
| RD1-text2 = 22 May 2024 {{en dash}} [[Narendra Modi Stadium|Ahmedabad]]
| RD1-seed3 = '''3'''
| RD1-team3 = '''[[Rajasthan Royals]]'''
| RD1-score3 = '''174/6 (19 overs)'''
| RD1-seed4 = 4
| RD1-team4 = [[Royal Challengers Bengaluru]]
| RD1-score4 = 172/8 (20 overs)

| RD2 = '''[[2024 Indian Premier League#Qualifier 2|Qualifier 2]]'''
| RD2-text1 = 24 May 2024 {{en dash}} [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium|Chennai]]
| RD2-seed1 = '''Q1L'''
| RD2-team1 = '''[[Sunrisers Hyderabad]]'''
| RD2-score1 = '''175/9 (20 overs)'''
| RD2-seed2 = EW
| RD2-team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| RD2-score2 = 139/7 (20 overs)

| RD3 = '''[[2024 Indian Premier League final|Final]]'''
| RD3-text1 = 26 May 2024 {{en dash}} [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium|Chennai]]
| RD3-seed1 = '''Q1W'''
| RD3-team1 = '''[[Kolkata Knight Riders]]'''
| RD3-score1 = '''114/2 (10.3 overs)'''
| RD3-seed2 = Q2W
| RD3-team2 = [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]]
| RD3-score2 = 113 (18.3 overs)

}}
<section begin=match71/>{{Single-innings cricket match
| date = 21 May 2024
| time = 19:30
| night = y
| team1 = [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]]
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score1 = 159 (19.3 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rahul Tripathi]] 55 (35)
| wickets1 = [[Mitchell Starc]] 3/34 (4 overs)
| score2 = 164/2 (13.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Shreyas Iyer]] 58[[not out|*]] (24)
| wickets2 = [[T Natarajan]] 1/22 (3 overs)
| result = Kolkata Knight Riders won by 8 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1426309.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Narendra Modi Stadium]], [[Ahmedabad]]
| umpires = [[Anil Chaudhary (umpire)|Anil Chaudhary]] (Ind) and [[Rohan Pandit]] (Ind)
| motm = [[Mitchell Starc]] (Kolkata Knight Riders)
| toss = Sunrisers Hyderabad won the toss and elected to bat.
| round = {{anchor|match71}} '''Qualifier 1'''
| rain =
| notes = Kolkata Knight Riders qualified for the final for the 4th time in IPL history.
}}<section end=match71/>
----
<section begin=match72/>{{Single-innings cricket match
| date = 22 May 2024
| time = 19:30
| night = y
| team1 = [[Royal Challengers Bengaluru]]
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score1 = 172/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rajat Patidar]] 34 (22)
| wickets1 = [[Avesh Khan]] 3/44 (4 overs)
| score2 = 174/6 (19 overs)
| runs2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 45 (30)
| wickets2 = [[Mohammed Siraj]] 2/33 (4 overs)
| result = Rajasthan Royals won by 4 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1426310.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Narendra Modi Stadium]], [[Ahmedabad]]
| umpires = [[K. N. Ananthapadmanabhan]] (Ind) and Saidharshan Kumar (Ind)
| motm = [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] (Rajasthan Royals)
| toss = Rajasthan Royals won the toss and elected to field.
| round = {{anchor|match72}} '''Eliminator'''
| rain =
| notes = [[Virat Kohli]] (Royal Challengers Bengaluru) scored his 8,000th run in the IPL.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/ipl/virat-kohli-first-to-8000-runs-ipl-records-9345426/ |title=Virat Kohli becomes first batter to reach 8000 runs in IPL history |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=22 May 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024}}</ref>
}}<section end=match72/>
----
<section begin=match73/>{{Single-innings cricket match
| date = 24 May 2024
| time = 19:30
| night = y
| team1 = [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]]
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score1 = 175/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Heinrich Klaasen]] 50 (34)
| wickets1 = [[Avesh Khan]] 3/27 (4 overs)
| score2 = 139/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Dhruv Jurel]] 56[[not out|*]] (35)
| wickets2 = [[Shahbaz Ahmed (cricketer)|Shahbaz Ahmed]] 3/23 (4 overs)
| result = Sunrisers Hyderabad won by 36 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1426311.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium]], [[Chennai]]
| umpires = [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind) and [[Virender Sharma]] (Ind)
| motm = [[Shahbaz Ahmed (cricketer)|Shahbaz Ahmed]] (Sunrisers Hyderabad)
| toss = Rajasthan Royals won the toss and elected to field.
| round = {{anchor|match73}} '''Qualifier 2'''
| rain =
| notes = Sunrisers Hyderabad qualified for the final for the 3rd time in IPL history.
}}<section end=match73/>

==== Final ====
{{Main|2024 Indian Premier League final}}
After winning the toss, [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]] elected to bat but only managed to score 113 runs in 18.3 overs. The [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] easily chased the target in 10.3 overs and won the match by eight wickets, thus winning their third IPL title. KKR player [[Mitchell Starc]] was named as the [[Player of the Match awards (cricket)|player of the match]] for taking 2 wickets and 2 catches.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=26 May 2024 |title=Mitchell Starc wins Player of the Match award in IPL 2024 Final |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl/ipl-news/ipl-2024-kkr-vs-srh-final-player-of-the-match-award-kolkata-knight-riders-v-sunrisers-hyderabad/article68218339.ece |website=SportStar|date=26 May 2024 }}</ref> [[Sunil Narine]] (KKR) was named as the player of the season for scoring 488 runs and taking 17 wickets throughout the tournament.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=27 May 2024 |title=Birthday boy Sunil Narine becomes IPL's MVP for third time after KKR's triumph |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/sunil-narine-set-to-become-ipl-2024-most-valuable-player-of-the-season-know-all-the-details-about-the-award-2544063-2024-05-27 |website=India Today|date=27 May 2024 }}</ref>
{{Single-innings cricket match
| date = 26 May 2024
| time = 19:30
| night = y
| team1 = [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]]
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score1 = 113 (18.3 overs)
| runs1 = [[Pat Cummins]] 24 (19)
| wickets1 = [[Andre Russell]] 3/19 (2.3 overs)
| score2 = 114/2 (10.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Venkatesh Iyer]] 52[[not out|*]] (26)
| wickets2 = [[Pat Cummins]] 1/18 (2 overs)
| result = Kolkata Knight Riders won by 8 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1426312.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium]], [[Chennai]]
| umpires = [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]] (Ind) and [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind)
| motm = [[Mitchell Starc]] (Kolkata Knight Riders)
| toss = Sunrisers Hyderabad won the toss and elected to bat.
| round = {{anchor|match74}} '''Final'''
| rain =
| notes =
[[Shreyas Iyer]] (Kolkata Knight Riders) became the first captain to lead two different teams to an IPL final, he previously led [[Delhi Capitals]] to the [[2020 Indian Premier League final|final]] in [[2020 Indian Premier League|2020]].<ref>{{cite web |title=KKR vs SRH: Shreyas Iyer Becomes Only Captain to reach IPL final with two different teams |url=https://www.news18.com/web-stories/cricket/kkr-vs-srh-ipl-2024-qualifier-shreyas-iyer-becomes-only-captain-to-reach-ipl-finals-with-two-different-teams-2108610/ |website=[[News18]] |access-date=31 May 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=31 May 2024 |title=Shreyas Iyer Creates History; Becomes First Captain In The IPL final with two different teams|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/shreyas-iyer-creates-history-becomes-first-captain-in-the-world-to-reach-ipl-final-with-two-different-teams-article-110311763 |website=[[Times Now]] |date=22 May 2024 }}</ref>
* Sunrisers Hyderabad scored the lowest total in an IPL final.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=26 May 2024 |title=Sunrisers Hyderabad's 113 vs KKR the lowest score in IPL Final history: Check 5 weakest totals in league's title clashes |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/sunrisers-hyderabads-113-vs-kkr-the-lowest-score-in-ipl-final-history-check-5-weakest-totals-in-leagues-title-clashes-101716736282808.html |website=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=26 May 2024 }}</ref>
* [[Mitchell Starc]] ''(Kolkata Knight Riders)'' took his 50th wicket in the IPL.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=26 May 2024 |title=IPL 2024 final, KKR vs SRH: Australia's Starc justifies price tag in warning shot before World Cup |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/ipl-2024-final-kkr-vs-srh-australias-starc-justifies-price-tag-in-warning-shot-before-world-cup/article68220441.ece |website=[[The Hindu]]|date=27 May 2024 }}</ref>
* Kolkata Knight Riders won their third title.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=26 May 2024 |title=IPL 2024 Final: Kolkata Knight Riders registers comfortable win over Sunrisers Hyderabad, wins third title |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl/ipl-news/ipl-2024-final-result-kolkata-knight-riders-beats-sunrisers-hyderabad-wins-third-title-after-10-years-scorecard/article68219328.ece |website=[[Sportstar]]|date=26 May 2024 }}</ref> They became the first team to win the IPL under different captains (2012 and 2014 under [[Gautam Gambhir]] and 2024 under [[Shreyas Iyer]]). They also set the record for the fastest IPL final chase with 57 balls remaining, equalling the record for the fewest losses in a single tournament.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sarkar |first1=Oishi |title=IPL Final 2024: Kolkata Knight Riders achieve the unique record, become the only team in history to... |date=27 May 2024 |url=https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/ipl-final-2024-kolkata-knight-riders-achieve-unique-record-become-only-team-in-history-to-11716790387704.html |publisher=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]] |access-date=27 May 2024}}</ref>
* [[Pat Cummins]] ''(Sunrisers Hyderabad)'' set the record for the most runs conceded by a bowler in a season (566), surpassing [[Tushar Deshpande]]'s record of 564 set in the [[2023 IPL]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sahay |first1=Aditya |title=IPL: Most runs conceded by a bowler in a season |url=https://www.wionews.com/web-stories/cricket/ipl-most-runs-conceded-by-a-bowler-in-a-season-cummins-rashid-rabada-1717060973239 |website=WION |access-date=31 May 2024}}</ref>
* This was the shortest-ever final in the IPL history.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=31 May 2024 |title=After a 3-day final in 2023, KKR and SRH script shortest-ever summit clash in 2024 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ipl-2024-final-kkr-vs-srh-shortest-ever-mitchell-starc-pat-cummins-chennai-2544143-2024-05-26 |website=[[India Today]]|date=26 May 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=31 May 2024 |title=IPL Final: KKR record biggest win in shortest-ever IPL final |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/sports/cricket/ipl-final-kkr-record-biggest-win-in-shortest-ever-ipl-final-881071 |website=[[The Hans India]]|date=27 May 2024 }}</ref>
}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:2024 in Indian sport| ]]
[[Category:2024 in India|sports]]

Matta, Faridkot

2026-02-19T14:42:39Z

Ilushiklom: Adding stub.

{{Short description|Village in Faridkot district of Punjab, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Matta
| other_name = ਮੱਤਾ
| settlement_type = Village
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = 
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| coordinates = {{Coord|30.484211422276083|74.83653904726386|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Faridkot district|Faridkot]]
| government_type =
| governing_body = Gram panchayat
| unit_pref = Metric
| population_total = 6121
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code = 151204
| registration_plate = PB
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = Kotkapura
| website =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| blank2_name_sec1 =
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Gram panchayat]]
}}
'''Matta''' ([[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: ਮੱਤਾ) is a village located in Jaitu tehsil of [[Faridkot district]] in the Indian state of [[Punjab]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Matta · Punjab 151204, India |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Matta,+Punjab+151204/@30.4838879,74.8307669,16z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x39174ee7086244d3:0x5d50003e6ca0692c!8m2!3d30.4834276!4d74.837554!16s/g/1trxhnzg?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDczMC4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw== |access-date=2025-08-02 |website=Matta · Punjab 151204, India |language=en}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
The Village has a population of 6121 of which 3241 are males while 2880 are females as per the census of 2011. Total geographical area of the village is about 1,852 hectares.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Matta Village Population - Jaitu - Faridkot, Punjab |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/35604-matta-punjab.html |access-date=2025-08-02 |website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Faridkot |first=DIstrict Census Handbook |url=https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3ca9c267dad0305d1a6308d2a0cf1c39c/uploads/2016/09/2018052293.pdf |title=Census of India 2011 |publisher=DIRECTORATE OF CENSUS OPERATIONS PUNJAB |year=2011 |pages=62 |language=English}}</ref> The postal code of the village is 151204.<ref>{{Cite web |last=News |first=India TV |title=Matta Pin Code {{!}} Postal Code (Zip Code) of Matta, Faridkot, Punjab, India |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/pincode/punjab/faridkot/matta |access-date=2025-08-02 |website=India TV News |language=en}}</ref>

== Schools ==

* Government Primary School, Matta<ref>{{Cite web |title=GPS MATTA - Matta District Faridkot (Punjab) |url=https://schools.org.in/faridkot/03130210201/gps-matta.html |access-date=2025-08-02 |website=schools.org.in}}</ref>
* Government Senior Secondary School, Matta<ref>{{Cite web |title=GSSS MATTA - Matta District Faridkot (Punjab) |url=https://schools.org.in/faridkot/03130210202/gsss-matta.html |access-date=2025-08-02 |website=schools.org.in}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />{{PunjabIN-geo-stub}}

[[Category:Villages in Faridkot district]]

P. Neelakantan

2026-02-09T05:59:52Z

Ilushiklom: refine formatting for accuracy and corrected details

{{Short description|Indian film director (1916–1992)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2015}}
{{Infobox person
| name = P. Neelakantan
| image = P.NeelakantanImg.jpg
| alt = 
| caption =
| birth_name = Palaniyandi Neelakantan<ref name=sa />
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1916|10|02|df=yes}}<ref name=sa>{{Cite web|url=https://sangam.org/mgr-remembered-part-31/|title=MGR Remembered – Part 31 – Ilankai Tamil Sangam}}</ref>
| birth_place = Villupuram
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1992|09|03|1916|10|02|df=yes}}
| death_place = Chennai
| other_names =
| occupation = Film director
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
}}
'''Palaniyaandi Neelakantan''' (2 October 1916 – 3 September 1992) was a Tamil film director, who was active for nearly four decades.

==Life==
{{unreferenced section|date= November 2022}}
He was born at [[Villupuram]], Tamil Nadu. He graduated to movies from stage play. His play ''[[Naam Iruvar (1947 film)|Naam Iruvar]]'' was brought by movie mogul [[Avichi Meiyappa Chettiar]] and made into a film in 1947. Then he wrote the dialogues for films like ''Vedala Ulagam'' in 1948. His directorial debut was with ''[[Or Iravu|Oru Iravu]]'' in (1951), the dialogue for which was written by [[C. N. Annadurai]]. Two films that made him well-known are ALS productions ''[[Ambikapathy (1957 film)|Ambikapadi]]'' (1957) and ''[[Thirudadhe]]'' (1961). He also has directed movies in Kannada and Sinhalese ''Suneetha'' and ''Sujage Rahase''. Neelakantan was mainly associated with creating [[M. G. Ramachandran]]'s ([[MGR]]) movie persona. Between ''[[Chakravarthi Thirumagal]]'' in 1957 and ''[[Needhikku Thalaivanangu]]'' in 1976, Neelakantan directed altogether 17 of MGR's movies.

== Filmography ==
{{unreferenced section|date= November 2022}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width:35px;"| Year
! rowspan="2" style="width:250px;"| Film
! colspan="2" style="width:195px;"| Credited as
! rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; width:80px;"| Language
! rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; width:250px;" class="unsortable"| Notes
|-
! style="width:65px;" | Director
! width=65 | Story/ Screenplay
|-
|1981
6 March
| [[Deiva Thirumanangal]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
|
| Tamil
|(There are 3 stories)
for his part, (Meenakshi Kalyanam), under this title
[[K. V. Mahadevan]], the composer
|-
|1978
| [[Madhuraiyai Meetta Sundharapandiyan]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR, (P. Neelakantan write only the dialogues)
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1976
| [[Needhikku Thalaivanangu]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (17/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1975
| [[Ninaithadhai Mudippavan]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
|style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (16/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1974
| [[Netru Indru Naalai (1974 film)|Netru Indru Naalai]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (15/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1973
| [[Ulagam Sutrum Valiban]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR, (as consulting)
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1972
| [[Raman Thediya Seethai (1972 film)|Raman Thediya Seethai]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (14/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1972
| [[Sange Muzhangu]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (13/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1971
| [[Oru Thaai Makkal]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (12/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1971
| [[Neerum Neruppum]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (11/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1971
| [[Kumari Kottam]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (10/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1970
| [[En Annan]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (9/17),
[[K. V. Mahadevan]], the composer
|-
|1970
| [[Maattukara Velan]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (8/17),
[[K. V. Mahadevan]], the composer
|-
|1968
| [[Kanavan]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| 25th Film
with MGR (7/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1968
| [[Kannan En Kadhalan]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (6/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1967
| [[Kaavalkaaran]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (5/17),
[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1966
29 April
| [[Avan Pithana?]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
|The introduction made by [[M. Karunanidhi]]
R. Parthasarathi, the composer
|-
|1965
25 December
| [[Anandhi (film)|Anandhi]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
|
| Tamil
|[[M. S. Viswanathan]], the composer
|-
|1965
23 October
| [[Poomalai]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| The introduction made by [[M. Karunanidhi]]
R. Sudharsanam, the composer
|-
|1964
24 December
| Sujage Rahasa
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Sinhala
|[[T. R. Pappa]], the composer
|-
|1964
| [[Poompuhar (film)|Poompuhar]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| The introduction made by [[M. Karunanidhi]]
R. Sudharsanam, the composer
|-
|1963
| [[Koduthu Vaithaval]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (4/17),
[[K. V. Mahadevan]], the composer
|-
|1963
| Raj Mahal
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
|
| Tamil
|
|-
|1962
| [[Ethaiyum Thangum Ithaiyam]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
|[[T. R. Pappa]], the composer
|-
|1961
| [[Nallavan Vazhvan]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (3/17),
[[T. R. Pappa]], the composer
|-
|1961
| [[Thirudadhe]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (2/17),
[[S. M. Subbaiah Naidu]], the composer
|-
|1960
1 April
| [[Aada Vandha Deivam]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]], the composer
|-
|1958
3 October
| [[Sabaash Meena]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| Tamil
|[[T. G. Lingappa]], the composer
|-
|1958
21 August
| Suneetha
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Sinhala
|[[T. R. Pappa]], the composer
|-
|1958
16 July
| [[Thedi Vandha Selvam]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| also producer under his Arasu Pictures,
[[T. G. Lingappa]], the composer
|-
|1957
18 October
| [[Ambikapathy (1957 film)|Ambikapathy]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| Tamil
|[[G. Ramanathan]], the composer
|-
|1957
| [[Chakravarthi Thirumagal]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
| with MGR (1/17),
[[G. Ramanathan]], the composer
|-
|1955
| [[Shivasharane Nambekka]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
|
| Kannada
||[[T. G. Lingappa]], the composer
|-
|1955
20 September
| [[Gomathiyin Kaadhalan]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| Tamil
|[[G. Ramanathan]], the composer
|-
|1955
| Modala Thedi
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
|
| Kannada
||[[T. G. Lingappa]], the composer
|-
|1955
12 March
| [[Mudhal Thethi]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| Tamil
|[[T. G. Lingappa]], the composer
|-
|1954
13 April
| [[Kalyanam Panniyum Brammachari]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| Tamil
|[[T. G. Lingappa]], the composer
|-
|1951
11 April
| [[Or Iravu]]
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| Tamil
|R. Sudharsanam, the composer
|-
|1949
22 December
| [[Vaazhkai (1949 film)|Vazhkai]]
|style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| Tamil
|with [[A. V. Meiyappan]], as director,
(he was assistant director with [[M. V. Raman]])
R. Sudharsanam, the composer
|-
|1948
11 August
| [[Vedhala Ulagam]]
|style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| Tamil
|with [[A. V. Meiyappan]], as director,
(he was assistant director with M. V. Raman)
R. Sudharsanam, the composer
|-
|1947
12 January
| [[Naam Iruvar (1947 film)|Naam Iruvar]]
|style="text-align:center;"| {{n}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{y}}
| Tamil
|with [[A. V. Meiyappan]], as director. P. Neelakantan write the story and the dialogues
(he was assistant director with M. V. Raman)
R. Sudharsanam, the composer
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|id=0624173|name=P. Neelakantan}}
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=kloqAQAAIAAJ&q=%22began+his+career+as%22 Biography of P. Neelakantan]
* [http://mgrroop.blogspot.fr/2013/01/directors-part-i.html Directors Part I]
{{TamilNaduStateAwardForBestDirector}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Neelakantan, P.}}
[[Category:1916 births]]
[[Category:1992 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian film directors]]
[[Category:Tamil-language film directors]]
[[Category:Tamil Nadu State Film Awards winners]]
[[Category:Kannada film directors]]
[[Category:People from Viluppuram district]]
[[Category:Film directors from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Screenwriters from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Tamil scholars]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian screenwriters]]

{{India-film-bio-stub}}

Mahalakshmi Sarveshwaran

2026-02-08T12:02:22Z

Ilushiklom: Adding a entry

{{short description|Indian actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Mahalakshmi Sarveshwaran
| image =
| birth_place = [[Nilgiris]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India
| occupation = {{hlist|Actress|dancer}}
| yearsactive = 2003–2017
}}

'''Mahalakshmi Sarveshwaran''' is an Indian actress and dancer who primarily works in Malayalam language films and television shows.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/the-fuss-about-the-firsts/articleshow/63486306.cms|title=merin mary philip: The fuss about the firsts | Kochi News - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=28 March 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/actress-mahalakshmi-kerala-university-youth-festival-controversy-1.2699176|title='അവരെന്തിന് എന്നോടിങ്ങനെ ചെയ്‌തുവെന്നറിയില്ല'; പൊട്ടിക്കരഞ്ഞ് മഹാലക്ഷ്മി|website=Mathrubhumi|date=26 March 2018 |language=ml}}</ref>

== Career ==
She studied at Carmel Girls' Higher Secondary School and practiced [[Bharatanatyam]] and [[Kuchipudi]] while in school.<ref name="A">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/%E2%80%98Dance-matters-most%E2%80%99/article14515126.ece|title='Dance matters most'|first=Athira|last=M|date=29 July 2016|work=The Hindu|access-date=18 August 2020|archive-date=4 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231104213552/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/%E2%80%98Dance-matters-most%E2%80%99/article14515126.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/A-captivating-Swarajati-by-Mahalakshmi/articleshow/53740590.cms|title=swarajati: A captivating Swarajati by Mahalakshmi | Kochi News - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=18 August 2016 }}</ref> She worked as a child artiste in ''[[Thilakkam]]'' (2003) and ''[[Pattanathil Sundaran]]'' (2003).<ref name="A"/> She made her lead debut with ''[[Ardhanaari]]'' (2012).<ref name="A"/><ref name="B">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/sivakami-actress-mahalakshmi-ties-the-knot-with-nirmal-krishna/articleshow/72738549.cms|title=Sivakami actress Mahalakshmi ties the knot with Nirmal Krishna - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=16 December 2019 }}</ref> She also played the lead in the television serial ''Sivakami'' on [[Surya TV]].<ref name="B"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/New-serial-Sivakami-on-Surya-TV/articleshow/49858587.cms|title=New serial 'Sivakami' on Surya TV - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=20 November 2015 }}</ref>

== Personal life ==
She married Nirmal Krishna on 15 December 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/actress-mahalakshmi-ties-knot-with-nirmal-krishna-in-grand-ceremony-2426097.html|title=Actress Mahalakshmi Ties the Knot with Nirmal Krishna in Grand Ceremony|website=News18|date=16 December 2019 }}</ref><ref name="B" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2019/12/16/mahalakshmi-gets-married-to-nirmal-krishna.html|title=Actress Mahalakshmi gets married to Nirmal Krishna|website=OnManorama}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/tv/celebrity-gossips/actress-vinduja-menon-speaks-about-actress-maha-lakshmi-and-her-marriage-day/articleshow/72833766.cms|title=മഹാലക്ഷ്മി എന്റെ കുഞ്ഞനുജത്തി! ചടങ്ങിൽ നിറഞ്ഞു നില്ക്കാൻ ഒരു കാരണം ഉണ്ട്; വിന്ദുജാ മേനോൻ പറയുന്നു!|website=Malayalam Samayam|language=ml}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
*''All films are in Malayalam, unless otherwise noted.''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! Role
! Notes
!{{Reference column heading}}
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2003 || ''[[Thilakkam]]'' || || rowspan="2" | Child artist
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|''[[Pattanathil Sundaran]]'' || Pillai's daughter
|
|-
| 2011 || ''[[Vellaripravinte Changathi]]'' || Oppana Dancer|| Special appearance
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2012 || ''[[Ardhanaari]]'' || Kokila ||
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| ''[[Ezham Suryan]]'' || Gopika
|
|
|-
|2013
|''[[Memories (2013 film)|Memories]]''
|Vimala Menon
|
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
| rowspan="2" |2014
| ''[[Kathai Thiraikathai Vasanam Iyakkam]]''|| Deepa / Roopa || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ashok Kumar |first=S. R. |date=14 June 2014 |title=Kadhai Thiraikathai Vasanam Iyakkam - Four composers |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/Kadhai-Thiraikathai-Vasanam-Iyakkam-Four-composers/article11641519.ece |access-date=5 July 2025 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
|''Test Paper''
|Poornima
|
|
|-
| 2015 || ''[[Female Unnikrishnan]]'' || Gowri||
|
|}

== Television ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Series
!Role
! Channel
! Notes
!{{Reference column heading}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |2009||''Kunjali Marakkar''
| ||[[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]||
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|''Ulladakkam''
| ||[[Amrita TV]]||
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| rowspan="2" |2010||''[[Autograph (TV series)|Autograph]]''
|Nandana||Asianet||
|<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Elizabeth |date=30 October 2016 |title=Small (screen) is beautiful |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/television/301016/small-screen-is-beautiful.html |access-date=5 July 2025 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Swamiye Saranamayyappa''
| || rowspan="2" |[[Surya TV]]
|
|
|-
|2011||''Sreekrishnan''
| ||Cameo appearance in title song
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2012||''Ramayanam''
| ||[[Mazhavil Manorama]]||
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|''Veera Marthanda Varma''
| || rowspan="3" |Surya TV||
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|2015–2016||''Sivakami''
| ||
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|2016–2017||''Moonu Pennungal''
|Gerly||
|<ref name=":1" />
|}

; TV shows
*''Tharolsavam'' - Reality show
*''Sree Kaleeswari'' - album
*''Don't Do Don't Do'' - Game Show
*''Saregama'' - Game Show
* ''Ningalkkumakam Super Chef''
* ''Munch Stars''

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb name}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam television]]
[[Category:Television personalities from Kerala]]
[[Category:Indian female dancers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Dibyak

2026-02-06T05:32:39Z

Ilushiklom: New

{{Short description|Minister in the Pala Court and the leader of Varendra Rebellion}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Dibyak
| image = Kaivartas of the Varendras circa 640-730 CE.jpg
| reign = 1075-1082CE
| successor = [[Bhima (Varendra king)|Bhima]]
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
}}
'''''Dibyak''''' (or '''''Divyak''''') was a [[Samanta]] and the leader of the [[Varendra rebellion]] against the [[Pala Dynasty]] in [[North Bengal]] during the reign of King [[Mahipala II]]. He led a significant uprising that challenged the authority of the ruling [[Pala Empire]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Majumdar |first=Ramesh Chandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XNxiN5tzKOgC |title=Ancient India |date=1977-01-01 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishing House |isbn=978-81-208-0436-4 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Sharma |first1=Ram Sharan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i_sIE1sO5kwC |title=Early Medieval Indian Society (pb) |last2=Sharma |first2=R. S. |date=2003 |publisher=Orient Blackswan |isbn=978-81-250-2523-8 |pages=221, 222 |language=en}}</ref>

== Dynasty ==

=== Origin ===

According to SP. Lahiri, Dibyak was the 5th or 6th descendant of [[Yasodasa]], the king of the feudal '''''Dasa dynasty''''' under the Pala's, who served as Prime minister of Emperor [[Rajyapala]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Not Available |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.99776 |title=The Indian Historical Quarterly, Vol.31,no.1-4(mar-dec) |date=1955 |pages=223}}</ref> [[Yasodasa (Pala empire minister)|Yasodāsa's]] ancestors ''Malhadāsa, Suradāsa,'' and ''Sanghadāsa'' were important members, were known for their wealth and prowess, and were [[Mahishya]] by caste. When Yasodas was the prime minister, the king commanded allegiance with [[Anga]], [[Vanga kingdom|Vanga]], [[Kalinga (region)|Kalinga]], [[Suhma kingdom|Suhma]], Pandya, [[Karnata kingdom|Karnata]], [[Pratihara dynasty|Gurjara]] etc. Yasodasa is said to have performed many humanitarian and religious activities in the form of excavation of tanks, construction of temples, monasteries, palaces and bridges etc.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/dli.calcutta.06116 |title=Epigraphia Indica, Vol-33, Issue no.-1-91 |pages=151}}</ref> According to the Bhaturiya inscription of King [[Rajyapala|Rājyapāla]], Auamitla in Brhaddhatta is mentioned as the locality of the Dasa family resided. The precise location of these places remains uncertain, though they were likely situated not far from the site of the inscription, presumably in [[North Bengal]].

=== Relation with Palas ===

Maternally, Dibyak was a blood relation of the Pala dynasty. This explains his extremely high position in the imperial Pala court, be even enjoyed royal fortune to certain extent in his tenure as the Pala commander-in-chief.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhandarkar |first=Devadatta Ramkrishna |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.33098 |title=Indian Culture Vol. 6 |date=1939 |pages=114}}</ref> In [[Ramacharitam|Ramcharita]] poet ''[[Sandhyakar Nandi]]'' mentioned that Dibyak was a high official under the Pala king [[Mahipala II]].
{{Blockquote|text="Māṃsabhujā lakṣmyā āmiṣaṃ bhuñjānena bhṛtyenoccair-daśakenoccair-mahatī dāsā vasthā yasyati — uccabhṛto'rthaḥ"|author=Sandhyakar Nandi|title=Ramcharitam}}

== Rebellion ==
[[File:Dibar Dighi 2.jpg|thumb|240x240px|[[Dibar Dighi|Dibyok Stambha]]]]
In the beginning of the eleventh century, in a rebellious hostility, Divya(Dibyak), originally a feudal chief ([[Samanta]]), killed [[Mahipala II]], seized [[Varendra]] and established a regime there, which was ruled by him, his brother Rudok and nephew [[Bhima (Varendra king)|Bhima]] for around half a century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ray |first=Niharranjan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sEBuAAAAMAAJ&q=kaivarta |title=History of the Bengali People: Ancient Period |date=1994 |publisher=Orient Longman |isbn=978-0-86311-378-9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sur |first=Atul Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kb09AAAAIAAJ&q=Kaivarta |title=History and Culture of Bengal |date=1963 |publisher=Chuckervertti, Chatterjee |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sengupta |first=Nitish K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&q=land+of+two+Rivers |title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib |date=2011 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=978-0-14-341678-4 |language=en}}</ref>

[[Vigrahapala III|Vigrahapāla III]] had three sons,—[[Mahipala II]], [[Shurapala II|Šūrapāla II]], and [[Ramapala|Rāmapāla]]. Mahīpāla II succeeded his father about 1070 AD. After ascending the throne he faced great troubles, some of the vassal chiefs had risen against Mahīpāla II, and there had been a general upheaval in the country even on the same time he imprisoned his two brothers (Surpala II and Rampala) on charges of treason.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Thapar |first=Romila |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aei9AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA501 |title=The Past Before Us |date=2013-10-14 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-72651-2 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Thapar |first=Romila |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-5irrXX0apQC&dq=kaivarta+revolt&pg=PA410 |title=From the Origins to AD 1300 |date=2004 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-24225-8 |language=en}}</ref>

Taking advantage of the rebellion of the feudal chiefs against Mahipala II, Surapala II was freed from prison. Vigrahapala III's vassal Dibyak fought a battle against Mahipala II and defeated him. After the victory over Mahipala II, Dibyak declared himself independent ruler of North Bengal. As a symbol of his victory, he established a victory pillar at [[Dibar Dighi]] in North Bengal.<ref>{{Cite book |last=R. c. Majumdar |url=http://archive.org/details/dli.calcutta.10819 |title=Ancient India |date=1952 |pages=318, 319}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Asiatic Society of Bengal |url=http://archive.org/details/memoirsofasiatic03asia |title=Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal |others=London Natural History Museum Library |pages=13}}</ref>

== Reign ==
[[File:Varendri.png|thumb|197x197px|Varendra region]]
After his coronation, Dibyak came into conflict with the neighboring [[Varman dynasty (Bengal)|Varman dynasty]]. Alongside Divya, the Varman king '''Jatavarman''' also declared independence from the Palas and began to rule in East Bengal. Although Jatavarman launched a military campaign against Dibyak, it did not cause any significant damage to him.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra Nath |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC |title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization |date=1999 |publisher=New Age International |isbn=978-81-224-1198-0 |pages=282, 283 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ray |first=Niharranjan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sEBuAAAAMAAJ |title=History of the Bengali People: Ancient Period |date=1994 |publisher=Orient Longman |isbn=978-0-86311-378-9 |pages=185, 331, 353 |language=en}}</ref>

== Family tree ==
{{Tree list}}Malhadāsa (Founder of the Dasa dynasty of North Bengal)
**Suradāsa
***Sanghadāsa
****[[Yasodasa]]
*****
******
*******
********
*********[[Maharaja]] Dibyak
*********Rudak
**********[[Bhima (Varendra king)|Bhima]]{{Tree list/end}}

== See also ==

* [[Varendra rebellion|Varendra Rebellion]]
* [[Yasodasa]]
* [[Dibar Dighi]]
* [[Bhima (Varendra king)|Bhima]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:People from the Pala Empire]]
[[Category:Pala Empire]]
[[Category:Rebellions against empires]]
[[Category:Medieval rebellions]]
[[Category:11th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Indian social reformers]]
[[Category:Bengali Hindus]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi folklore]]
[[Category:Military history of India]]
[[Category:Year of death uncertain]]

Goghat II

2026-01-27T06:31:34Z

Ilushiklom: general updated layout based on references further and improved wording per standard format

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Goghat II
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline = File:Goghat-II in Hooghly (West Bengal).svg
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|22.9051990|N|87.6489720|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Representative democracy]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 190.03
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 42
| population_total = 160,585
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 712611 (Bengai) 712612 (Kamarpukur)
| area_code = 03211
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-15, [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-16, [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-18
| blank1_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1 = 77.24%
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Arambagh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Arambagh]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Goghat (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Goghat]]
| website = {{URL|hooghly.gov.in/}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-WB]]
| footnotes =
}}

'''Goghat II''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in [[Arambag subdivision]] of [[Hooghly district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Overview==
The Goghat II CD Block is part of the western uplands, which is an extension of the rocky and undulating physiography found in adjoining Bankura district.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1912_PART_A_DCHB_HUGLI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Hugli, Series-20, Part XIIA | work= Physiography, Page 17-24|publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 1 June 2017 }}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Map of hooghly district .jpg|thumb|500 px|left|Map of Hooghly district showing CD blocks and municipal areas]]
[[File:Goghat-II CD block map.svg|thumb|right|Goghat-II CD block map sowing GP areas]]
Kamarpukur is located at {{coord|22.9051990|N|87.6489720|E|format=dms|}}.

Goghat II CD Block is bounded by [[Raina II]] CD Block, in Bardhaman district, in the north, [[Goghat I]] in the east, [[Chandrakona I]] and [[Garhbeta II]] CD Blocks, in Paschim Medinipur district in the south and [[Kotulpur (community development block)|Kotulpur]] CD Block, in Bankura district, in the west.

It is located 100 km from [[Chinsurah]], the district headquarters.

Goghat II CD Block has an area of 190.03 km2. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 19 [[gram panchayat]]s, 121 gram sansads (village councils), 112 [[mouza]]s and 110 inhabited villages. [[Goghat#Police station|Goghat]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Hooghly |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 15 October 2018 |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |url-status = dead }}</ref> Headquarters of this CD Block is at [[Kamarpukur]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1912_PART_A_DCHB_HUGLI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Hugli, Series-20, Part XIIA | work= Map of Hooghly district with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 1 June 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hooghlyzp.org/html/goghat_II.html| title = Goghat II | work= Local Self-government| access-date = 6 June 2017 | publisher = Hooghly Zilla Parishad}}</ref>

Kamarpukur, the place where the headquarters of this block is situated, is the birthplace of [[Ramakrishna|Sri Ramkrishna]].

The ruins of an Afghan era fort at [[Gar Mandaran]], made famous by [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay]] in his novel ''[[Durgeshnandini]]'', is located in this block.

[[Gram panchayat]]s of Goghat II block/ panchayat samiti are: Bengai, Bhadanganj-Falui I, Bhadanganj-Falui II, Hazipur, Kamarpukur, Kumarganj, Mandarin, Paschimpara and Shyambazar.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Hooghly – Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 16 May 2016}}</ref>

==Demographics==
===Population===
As per the [[2011 Census of India]], Goghat II CD Block had a total population of 160,585, all of which were rural. There were 82,262 (51%) males and 78,323 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 17,056. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 58,052 (36.15%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 7,587 (4.72%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 3 May 2016}}</ref>

As per 2001 census, Goghat II block had a total population of 143,353, out of which 73,489 were males and 69,864 were females. Goghat II block registered a population growth of 15.95 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Hooghly district was 15.72 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web|url= http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_12.htm|title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date=2011-01-20 |work=Census of India 2001 – Hooghly district |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928211036/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_12.htm|archive-date=September 28, 2011 }}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date=2011-01-20 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) nin Goghat II CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Bengai]] (4,674), Shripur (4,727), [[Gar Mandaran]] (6,264), [[Shyambazar, Hooghly|Shyambazar]] (6,291), [[Fului]] (5,984) and Selampur (4,471).<ref name=census2011/>

Other villages in Goghat II CD Block include (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Kamarpukur]] (3,121), [[Badanganj]] (3,865), Hazipur (3,643), Kumarganj (1,171), [[Kayapat]] (3,351), [[Mamudpur, Arambagh|Mamudpur]] (2,109) and [[Satberia]] (1,378).<ref name=census2011/>

===Literacy===
As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Goghat II CD Block was 110,867 (77.24% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 61,756 (84.15% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 49,111 (70.02% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 14.13%.<ref name=census2011/>

As per the 2001 census, Goghat II block had a total literacy of 51.92 per cent. While male literacy was 74.80 per cent, female literacy was 41.22 per cent.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hooghlyzp.org/html/goghat_II.html| title = Goghat II | work= Local Self-government| access-date = 2011-08-04 | publisher = Hooghly Zilla Parishad}}</ref>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Hooghly district|collapsible=y}}

===Language and religion===
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Goghat II CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|83.48}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|15.48}}
{{bar percent|Other (tribal religion)|maroon|0.91}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.13}}
}}

As per the 2011 census, majority of the population of the district belong to the Hindu community with a population share of 82.9% followed by Muslims at 15.8%. The percentage of the Hindu population of the district has followed a decreasing trend from 87.1% in 1961 to 82.9% in the latest census 2011. On the other hand, the percentage of Muslim population has increased from 12.7% in 1961 to 15.8% in 2011 census.<ref name="census2">{{cite web |title=District Census Handbook: Hugli, Series-20, Part XIIA |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1912_PART_A_DCHB_HUGLI.pdf |access-date=1 June 2017 |work=Religion, Mother-tongue Pages 50-51 |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011}}</ref>

In 2011 census Hindus numbered 134,063 and formed 83.48% of the population in Goghat II CD Block. Muslims numbered 24,860 and formed 15.48% of the population. Others numbered 1,662 and formed 1.04% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Goghat II CD block (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 96.97 |color1 = orchid
|label2 = [[Santali language|Santali]] |value2 = 2.83 |color2 = mediumturquoise
|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.20 |color3 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 96.97% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and 2.83% [[Santali language|Santali]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Rural poverty==
As per poverty estimates obtained from household survey for families living [[Below Poverty Line (India)|below poverty line]] in 2005, [[rural poverty]] in Goghat II CD Block was 17.85%.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Hooghly.pdf |title = District Human Development Report: Hooghly |work = Table 2.38: Empirical Measurement of Rural Poverty in Hooghly 2005, page 89 |publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 |access-date = 14 June 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170807182323/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Hooghly.pdf |archive-date = 7 August 2017 |url-status = dead }}</ref>

==Economy==
===Livelihood===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Livelihood in Goghat II CD Block'''
|value1 = 29.00
|label1 = Cultivators
|value2 = 41.51
|label2 = Agricultural labourers
|value3 = 4.11
|label3 = Household industries
|value4 = 25.38
|label4 = Other Workers}}

In Goghat II CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 29.00%, agricultural labourers 41.51%, household industry workers 4.11% and other workers 25.38%.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Hooghly | work = Tables 2.7, 17.2, 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 15 October 2018 | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | url-status = dead }}</ref>

===Infrastructure===
There are 110 inhabited villages in Goghat II CD Block. 100% villages have power supply. 92 villages have more than one source of drinking water (tap, well, tube well, hand pump), 3 villages have only tube well/ borewell and 15 villages have only hand pump. 7 Villages have post offices, 17 villages have sub post offices and 1 villages has a post and telegraph office. 87 villages have landlines, 39 villages have public call offices and 99 villages have mobile phone coverage. 56 villages have pucca roads and 49 villages have bus service (public/ private). 19 villages have agricultural credit societies, 12 villages have commercial/ co-operative banks and 2 villages have bank ATMs.<ref name=censushandbook>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1912_PART_A_DCHB_HUGLI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Hugli, Series-20, Part XIIA | work= Appendices to Village Directory, 2009, Pages 775-779|publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 1 June 2017 }}</ref>

{| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; font-size: 85%; background:#ffffcc; color:black; width:20em; max-width: 25%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
! style="background-color:#cccccc;" | Important Handicrafts of Hooghly District
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |
*'''Zari Work on Sari''' - Pandua, Pursurah, Jangipara, Tarakeswar and other blocks - 3,000 families involved
*'''Chikon Embroidery''' – Babnan, Pandua, Singur - 2,500 families involved
*'''Silk and Cotton Printing''' – Serampore (Chanditala) - 300 families involved
*'''Brass and Bell Metal''' – Manikpat, Goghat, Arambagh - 150 families involved
*'''Conch Shell''' – Pandua, Khanakul, Makla, Chandannagar
*'''Jute Diversified Product''' – Baidyabati, Mogra
*'''Terracota''' – Chinsurah, Chandannagar, Baidyabati, Mogra
Source:District [[Human Development Report]] 2010: Hooghly P. 67
|}

===Agriculture===
This is a rich agricultural area with several cold storages.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://wbagrimarketingboard.gov.in/cold%20storage-ok/Cold%20storage11.html | title= List of functioning Cold Storage of West Bengal District wise as on 18.01.07 | publisher= West Bengal State Marketing Board | access-date= 28 January 2009 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090122084728/http://wbagrimarketingboard.gov.in/cold%20storage-ok/Cold%20storage11.html | archive-date= 22 January 2009 | url-status= dead }}</ref> Though rice is the prime crop of the district, the agricultural economy largely depends on potato, jute, vegetables, and orchard products. Though potato is cultivated in all the blocks of this district Dhaniakhali, Arambagh, Goghat, Pursurah, Haripal, Polba-Dadpur, Tarakeswar, Pandua and Singur contributed much of its production of this district.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://hooghly.nic.in/AGRI-INTEN.HTM | title= Intensive cropping with remarkable feature of Hooghly District | access-date= 28 January 2009 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110716220215/http://hooghly.nic.in/AGRI-INTEN.HTM | archive-date= 16 July 2011 }}</ref>

Some of the primary and other ''hats'' or markets in the Goghat I and Goghat II CD Blocks are: Amar hat, Baddangang hat, Bengali market, Ballihat, Goghat market, Hazipur hat, Khatul hat, Kamarpukur, Madina market, Shyambazar hat, Shyamballabhpur market, Badanganj hat and Dewagang hat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbagrimarketingboard.gov.in/bazar/hooghly.html | title = Primary Hats/Markets of District | publisher = West Bengal State Marketing Board | work = Hooghly | access-date = 2009-01-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090707074955/http://wbagrimarketingboard.gov.in/bazar/hooghly.html | archive-date = 2009-07-07 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

The [[Tebhaga movement]] launched in 1946, in 24 Parganas district, aimed at securing for the share-croppers a better position within the existing land relation structure. Although the subsequent Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Goghat II CD Block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 10.38%, patta (document) holders 17.80%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 3.70%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 28.23% and agricultural labourers 39.90%.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Goghat II CD Block had 85 fertiliser depots, 8 seed stores and 43 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in 2013-14.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013-14, Goghat II CD Block produced 95,203 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop from 32,498 hectares, 13,351 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 4,271 hectares, 1,346 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 550 hectares and 40,723 tonnes of potatoes from 3,350 hectares. It also produced oilseeds and some wheat.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Goghat I and Goghat II CD Blocks was 27,605 hectares, out of which 10,300 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 4,270 hectares by tank water, 870 hectares by river lift irrigation, 840 hectares by deep tube wells and 11,325 hectares by shallow tube wells.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Banking===
In 2013-14, Goghat II CD Block had offices of 9 commercial banks and 1 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin bank]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

==Transport==
Goghat II CD Block has 7 originating/ terminating bus routes.<ref name=handbook2014/>
[[State Highway 7 (West Bengal)]] running from Rajgram (in Birbhum district) to Midnapore passes through this CD Block.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title = List of State Highways in West Bengal | publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | access-date = 23 August 2016}}</ref>

== Education==
In 2013-14, Goghat II CD Block had 132 primary schools with 9,987 students, 6 middle schools with 337 students, 16 high schools with 8,321 students and 8 higher secondary schools with 8,230 students. Goghat II CD Block had 2 general colleges with 6,421 students, 1 technical/ professional institution with 37 students and 272 institutions for special and non-formal education with 9,265 students<ref name=handbook2014/>

[[Sri Ramkrishna Sarada Vidyamahapith]], a general degree college, was established at [[Kamarpukur]] in 1959.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.srsvidyamahapitha.org/ | title = Sri Ramkrishna Sarada Vidyamahapith | publisher = SRSMV |access-date = 30 June 2017}}</ref>

[[Aghorekamini Prakashchandra Mahavidyalaya]], a general degree college, was established at [[Bengai]] in 1959.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://akpcmahavidyalaya.org/ | title = Aghorekamini Prakashchandra Mahavidyalaya | publisher = AKPCM |access-date = 30 June 2017}}</ref>

In Goghat II CD Block, amongst the 110 inhabited villages, 10 villages had no school, 44 villages had more than 1 primary school, 63 villages had at least 1 primary school, 37 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 25 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref name=censushandbook/>

==Culture==
'''[[Ramakrishna|Sri Ramakrishna]]''' was born on 17 February 1836, in the village of [[Kamarpukur]], in this CD block.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://belurmath.org/kids_section/birth-of-sri-ramakrishna/ |title=(07) Birth of Sri Ramakrishna » Kid's Section |access-date=19 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220013919/http://belurmath.org/kids_section/birth-of-sri-ramakrishna/ |archive-date=20 February 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The Goghat II CD block has several heritage temples.
<gallery widths="210px" heights="150px">
File:The Shridhar Lal jiu temple of the Mondal family of Kyapat in Goghat PS of Hooghly district 19.jpg|'''[[Kayapat]]''': Sridhar Laljiu temple (in picture), built in 1807 and an adjacent ''[[Bengal temple architecture#Chala temple|at chala]]'' temple.
File:Damodar Temple of Barat family in Badanganj in Goghat PS of Hooghly district. (04).jpg|'''[[Badanganj]]''': Damodara temple (in picture), built in 1810, with terracotta [[façade]], and Sridhar Laljiu temple, built in 1802, with terracotta designs.
File:Radha Damodar temple of the Das family of Shyambazar in Goghat PS of Hooghly district of West Bengal 01.jpg|'''[[Shyambazar, Hooghly|Shyambazar]]''': Radha Damodar temple (in picture) with terracotta relief, ''pancha ratna'' temple of Das family, built in 1790, with terracotta work, and Bhuvaneswar Shiva temple.
File:Vishnu temple of Rai family built in 3838 AD of Mahmudpur in Goghat PS of Hooghly district (38).jpg|'''[[Mamudpur, Arambagh|Mamudpur]]''': Vishnu temple built in 1806 (in picture), with extensive terracotta relief, and other temples.
File:Atchala temple (Raghubir temple of the Rai family.) of Satberia village in Goghat PS in Hooghly district 01.jpg|'''[[Satberia]]''': Raghubir temple (in picture), where Khudiram Chattopadhyay, father of [[Ramakrishna|Sri Ramakrishna]], performed priestly duties.
File:Vishnu temple of Memanpur in Goghat PS, Hooghly district 08.jpg|'''[[Memanpur]]''': Vishnu temple built in 17th century (in picture).
</gallery>

==Healthcare==
In 2014, Goghat II CD Block had 1 block primary health centre, 3 [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centre]] and 2 private nursing homes with total 55 beds and 9 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 27 family welfare subcentres. 4,508 patients were treated indoor and 272,732 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Goghat II CD Block has Kamarpukur Rural Hospital (with 60 beds) at [[Kamarpukur]], Jitarpur [[Primary Health Centre (India)|Primary Health Centre]] at PO Bhuskunda (with 2 beds), Taraghat PHC (with 10 beds) and Badanganj PHC (with 2 beds).<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 15 July 2017 | archive-date = 28 October 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211028134305/https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-99a499ee367f0c1530476c81086270c8 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Hooghly topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Arambag subdivision]]

Annie (Telugu actress)

2026-01-17T15:58:57Z

Ilushiklom: added new stub

{{short description|Indian actor}}
{{COI|date=May 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Annie
| birth_name = Anusha
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|2001|03|27}}
| birth_place = [[Kottayam]], [[Kerala]], India
| occupation = Actor
| yearsactive = 2005{{ndash}}present
}}

'''Annie''', known popularly as '''Baby Annie''', (born 31 March 2001) is an Indian actress who appears in [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]] films. She is known for the role of Mallamma in the 2011 period film ''[[Rajanna]]'', for which she received a [[Nandi Awards|Nandi Award]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-south-interview-with-annie/20111226.htm|title = Annie: I felt as if I was Mallamma}}</ref> She made her debut through [[Anukokunda Oka Roju|''Anukokunda Oka'' ''Roju'']] alongside [[Jagapathi Babu]] and [[Charmy Kaur|Charmi]]. Her other notable films include ''[[Swagatam|Swagatham]], [[Athidhi|Athidi]],'' [[Stalin (2006 film)|''Stalin'']] and ''[[Ek Niranjan]]''.

==Early life and career==
She has won three [[Nandi Awards]], one for the telefilm ''Trap'' (2007), another for the TV show ''Gorintaku'' (2010) and another for ''Rajanna'' (2011). <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/2011-Nandi-Awards-winners-list/articleshow/16797289.cms|title=2011 Nandi Awards winners list|website=The Times of India}}</ref> She have also won [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress – Telugu]] for the latter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/59th-idea-filmfare-awards-south-winners-list-809.html|title=59th Idea Filmfare Awards South (Winners list)|website=filmfare.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://photogallery.indiatimes.com/awards/filmfare-awards/59th-idea-filmfare-awards-2011south/59th-idea-filmfare-awards-2011south-telugu/articleshow/14744216.cms|title = 59th Idea Filmfare Awards 2011(South): Telugu}}</ref>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 2005 || ''[[Anukokunda Oka Roju]]'' || Child Tuition Student ||
|-
| rowspan="2" |2006 || ''[[Vikramarkudu]]''|| Neha Singh Rathore ||
|-
| ''[[Stalin (2006 film)|Stalin]]''|| Stalin's friend's daughter ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2007 || ''[[Madhumasam]]'' || uncredited role||
|-
| ''[[Vijayadasami (film)|Vijayadasami]]'' || Sivakasi's sister's childhood role||
|-
| ''[[Athidhi]]'' || young Amrita ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2008 ||''[[Swagatam|Swagatham]]''||KK's daughter||
|-
|''[[Ready (2008 film)|Ready]]''||Pooja's family member||
|-
|''[[Souryam]]''||Vijay's sister's childhood role||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2009 ||''[[Mitrudu]]''||Adhitya's small sister in law(maradalu)||
|-
|''[[Ek Niranjan]]''||Sameera's guitar student||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2010 ||''[[Kedi (2010 film)|Kedi]]''||Ramesh's sister's childhood role||
|-
|''Shiva''||Pinky|| [[Bhojpuri cinema|Bhojpuri film]]
|-
|''[[Khaleja]]''||Revived dead girl ||
|-
| 2011 ||''[[Rajanna]]''||Mallamma||[[Nandi Award for Best Child Actress]]{{Br}}[[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress – Telugu]]{{Br}}[[CineMAA Awards|CineMAA Special Appreciation Award]]{{Br}}[[Santosham Film Awards|Santosham Film Award for Best Child Artist]]{{Br}}[[T. Subbarami Reddy|TSR]]–[[TV9 (Telugu)|TV9 National Film Awards Special Jury Award – Best Child Actress]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2012 ||''[[Nuvvekkadunte Nenakkadunta]]''||Orphan child||
|-
|''Chaduvukovali''||Sita||
|-
| 2013 ||''[[Doosukeltha]]''||Young Alekhya/ Chinni||
|-
| 2018 ||''[[Rangasthalam]]''||Chinni||
|-
| 2023 ||''Thika Maka Thanda''||Malli|| Debut as lead actress
|-
| rowspan="3" |2024
|''[[Yevam]]''
| Keerthi
|
|-
|''[[Nindha]]''||Sudha
|
|-
| ''[[Maa Nanna Superhero]]''
|
|
|-
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable"
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Network
! Notes
|-
| 2005–2007
| [[Amrutham (TV series)|''Amrutham'']] || Appaji's daughter || [[Gemini TV]]|| 3 episodes titled "Nanna"; Episode 239{{Ndash}}240
|-
| 2020–2022
| [[Loser (2020)|''Loser'']] || Jr. Ruby || [[List of ZEE5 original web series|ZEE5]] ||
|-
|2024
|''21 and Pregnant''
|Anu
|[[YouTube]]
|
|-
|2025
|[[Hometown (Indian TV series)|''Hometown'']]
|Jyothi
|[[Aha (streaming service)|Aha]]
|
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|id=4757665}}
{{Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress – Telugu}}{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Annie}}
[[Category:2001 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Indian child actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Nandi Award winners]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards South winners]]
[[Category:CineMAA Awards winners]]
[[Category:Santosham Film Awards winners]]

Ujjain Public School

2026-01-11T06:12:07Z

Ilushiklom: redirect page

#REDIRECT [[Ujjain#Education]]

{{Rcat shell|
{{R to related topic}}
}}

Sthree (film)

2026-01-11T04:49:57Z

Ilushiklom: started new entry

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Sthree
| image = Sthree 1950.jpg
| caption =
| director = R. Velappan Nair
| producer = K. Parameswaran Pillai
| writer = [[Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair]]
| starring = Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair
| music = [[B. A. Chidambaranath]]
| cinematography =
| editing =
| studio = Radhakrishna Films
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1950}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Sthree''''' ({{Translation|Woman}}) is a 1950 [[Malayalam]]-language film written by [[Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair]] and directed by R. Velappan Nair.

==Cast==
* [[Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair]] as Rajan
* Vaikom M. P. Mani as Madhu
* Aravindaksha Menon as Vijayan
* Omalloor Chellamma as Sushama
* Radhadevi as Sudha
* Sumathi as Mallika
* Raman Nair as Mammadan
* Kuriyathi Neelakanta Pillai as Nanu Pillai

==External links==
* [http://www.malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?817 ''Sthree''] at the Malayalam Movie Database

[[Category:1950s Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:1950 Indian films]]

{{1950s-Malayalam-film-stub}}

Suranjit Singh Telem

2025-11-29T06:46:49Z

Ilushiklom: started biography - done

{{short description|Indian footballer (born 1999)}}
{{Western name order|Telem Suranjit Singh}}
{{Meitei name|Telem|Suranjit|Singh}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Suranjit Singh
| caption =
| image_size =
| image =
| fullname = Suranjit Singh Telem
| birth_place = [[Manipur]], [[India]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1999|5|1|df=y}}
| height =
| position = [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|Central midfielder]]
| currentclub = [[TRAU FC|TRAU]]
| clubnumber = 71
| youthyears1 =
| youthclubs1 = [[East Bengal Club|East Bengal]]
| years1 = 2019–2020
| clubs1 = [[Indian Arrows]]
| caps1 = 11
| goals1 = 1
| years2 = 2020–2023
| clubs2 = [[RoundGlass Punjab FC|RoundGlass Punjab]]
| caps2 = 18
| goals2 = 0
| years3 = 2023–
| clubs3 = [[TRAU FC|TRAU]]
| caps3 = 1
| goals3 = 0
| nationalgoals1 =
| nationalcaps1 =
| nationalteam1 =
| nationalyears1 =
| club-update = 12:37, 7 February 2023 (UTC)
| ntupdate =
}}

'''Suranjit Singh Telem''' ({{langx|mni|Telem Suranjit Singh}}, born 1 May 1999) is an Indian professional [[Association football|footballer]] who plays as a [[midfielder]] for [[I-League]] club [[TRAU FC|TRAU]].

== Early life ==
Singh was born on 1 May 1999 in [[Manipur]], [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Telem Suranjit Singh Player Profile|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/players/profile/56034|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926074901/https://www.the-aiff.com/players/profile/56034|archive-date=26 September 2022|access-date=30 December 2020|website=All India Football Federation}}</ref>

== Career ==

=== Indian Arrows ===
Singh signed his first senior contract for [[Indian Arrows]] for the [[2019–20 I-League|2019–20 I-League season]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indian Arrows Squad – 2019/20 I-League|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te37356/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926074900/https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/indian-arrows/2020/2/|archive-date=26 September 2022|access-date=30 December 2020|website=www.worldfootball.net}}</ref> Singh made his debut on 28 December 2019 against [[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]] as a substitute for [[Manvir Singh (footballer, born 2001)|Manvir Singh]] in the 76th minute. He scored his debut goal for the club in his debut game in the 90th minute of the match when the score was levelled 1–1. The match ended 1–2 in favour of Indian Arrows by the last minute goal of Singh.<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 December 2019|title=Churchill Brothers v Indian Arrows Starting XIs {{!}} I-League|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/churchill-brothers-v-indian-arrows/lineups/cefou4tuhsrtujhe3bsol6b1m|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926074902/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/churchill-brothers-v-indian-arrows/lineups/cefou4tuhsrtujhe3bsol6b1m|archive-date=26 September 2022|access-date=30 December 2020|website=www.goal.com}}</ref> Singh was used as a substitute for 7 consecutive matches until he made his first breakthrough to the starting line-up in the match against [[NEROCA FC|NEROCA]] on 11 February 2020 which ended in a goalless draw.<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 February 2020|title=NEROCA vs Indian Arrows {{!}} I-League|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2020/02/11/india/i-league/neroca/aiff-xi/3183654/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810203811/https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2020/02/11/india/i-league/neroca/aiff-xi/3183654/|archive-date=10 August 2022|access-date=30 December 2020|website=Soccerway}}</ref> Singh played 11 matches and scored 1 goal during his time at Indian Arrows.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Telem Singh Club Matches - I-League|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe666707/telem-singh/club-matches/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926074900/https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/telem-singh/ind-i-league/2/|archive-date=26 September 2022|access-date=30 December 2020|website=www.worldfootball.net}}</ref>

=== RoundGlass Punjab ===
For the [[2020–21 I-League|2020–21 season]] of [[I-League]], Singh joined the Mohali-based club [[RoundGlass Punjab FC|RoundGlass Punjab]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=RoundGlass Punjab FC - Squad|url=https://us.soccerway.com/teams/india/india-minerva-fc/35319/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828214929/https://us.soccerway.com/teams/india/india-minerva-fc/35319/|archive-date=28 August 2020|access-date=30 December 2020|website=Soccerway}}</ref> Singh played his debut match for [[RoundGlass Punjab FC|RoundGlass Punjab]] against [[Aizawl F.C.|Aizawl]] on 9 January 2021 as a substitute for [[Joseba Beitia]] in the 90th minute. The match ended 1–0 to [[RoundGlass Punjab FC|Punjab]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=9 January 2021|title=Punjab FC vs Aizwal FC {{!}} Match Details|url=https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7963|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109104313/https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7963|archive-date=9 January 2021|access-date=11 January 2021|website=I-League Official website}}</ref> He started for the first time in the season in the next match against Churchill Brothers on 19 January which ended in a 0–1 defeat for Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Punjab FC v Churchill Brothers Starting XIs, 19/01/21, I-League {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/punjab-fc-v-churchill-brothers/lineups/4vgg6lbyu2w4tyssst3ywiv4k|access-date=2021-02-19|website=www.goal.com|archive-date=26 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926074901/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/punjab-fc-v-churchill-brothers/lineups/4vgg6lbyu2w4tyssst3ywiv4k|url-status=live}}</ref> Singh played his last match of the season on 8 March against [[TRAU FC|TRAU]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=TRAU v Indian Arrows Starting XIs, 08/03/20, I-League {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/trau-v-indian-arrows/lineups/c6psz7cndo1i128xdvryamkbu|access-date=2021-03-23|website=www.goal.com|archive-date=14 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514133131/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/trau-v-indian-arrows/lineups/c6psz7cndo1i128xdvryamkbu|url-status=live}}</ref> The match ended in a 1–0 defeat for Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Deepak Devrani's late strike seals three points for TRAU FC against Indian Arrows|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/trau-v-indian-arrows/c6psz7cndo1i128xdvryamkbu|url-status=live|access-date=2021-03-23|website=www.goal.com|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513105551/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/trau-v-indian-arrows/c6psz7cndo1i128xdvryamkbu}}</ref>

==Career statistics==
===Club===
{{updated|13 May 2022}}<ref>{{Soccerway|telem-suranjit-singh/647556}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!rowspan="2"|Club
!rowspan="2"|Season
!colspan="3"|League
!colspan="2"|Cup
!colspan="2"|[[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]
!colspan="2"|Total
|-
!Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals
|-
| rowspan="1" |[[Indian Arrows]]
|[[2019–20 I-League|2019–20]]
| rowspan="3" |[[I-League]]
|11||1||0||0|| colspan="2" |–||11||1
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[RoundGlass Punjab FC|RoundGlass Punjab]]
|[[2020–21 I-League|2020–21]]
|12||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |–||12||0
|-
|[[2021–22 I-League|2021–22]]
|6||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |–||6||0
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!29!!1!!0!!0!!0!!0!!29!!1
|}
{{notelist}}

==Honours==
'''East Bengal'''
*[[IFA Shield]]: [[2018 IFA Shield|2018]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{Soccerway|647556}}
{{Punjab FC squad}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Telem Suranjit}}
[[Category:1999 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian men's footballers]]
[[Category:Footballers from Manipur]]
[[Category:Men's association football midfielders]]
[[Category:I-League players]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]
[[Category:Indian Arrows players]]
[[Category:Punjab FC players]]

Regional Ring Road, Hyderabad

2025-11-08T02:19:36Z

Ilushiklom:

{{Short description|Proposed road in Telangana, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox road
| country = IND
| image =
| type = SH
| route = HRRR
| map =
| length_mi = 210
| length_km = 330
| length_round = 66
| length_ref =
| formed = {{start date and age|2018}}
| direction_a = South
| terminus_a = Kandi
| junction =
| direction_b = North
| terminus_b = Sangareddy
| previous_type =
| previous_route =
| next_type =
| next_route =
| maint = [[Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation]], [[Hyderabad Metropolitan Region]], [[Hyderabad Urban Development Authority]]
| allocation =
| header_type = UC
| spur_of = 63
| spur_type = NH
| ring_road = Hyderabad
| name = Hyderabad Regional Ring Road
}}

The '''Hyderabad Regional Ring Road (HRRR)''' is a proposed [[ring road]] around the city of [[Hyderabad, Telangana]], India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/regional-ring-road-work-unlikely-to-start-before-ls-polls/article26252539.ece|title=Regional ring road work unlikely to start before LS polls}}</ref> It is a 6 lane, {{convert|340|km|mi|adj=mid|-long}} road, planned on strengthening the existing road network and by adding new stretches wherever linkages were found missing.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121105163716/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-13/hyderabad/29652411_1_hmda-master-plan-hyderabad-metropolitan-development-authority Proposed regional ring road to be wider - Times Of India]. Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com (2011-06-13). Retrieved on 2013-12-06.</ref> [[National Highways Authority of India]] has included Regional Ring road in the pan-India [[Bharatmala]] Pariyojana Phase-2.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/in-hyderabad-rrr-may-dent-orr-revenue-fear-bidders/articleshow/96998138.cms|title=Hyderabad: RRR may dent ORR revenue, fear bidders}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/bharatmala-project-hyderabads-rrr-set-for-expansion/articleshow/96016882.cms|title=Bharatmala project: Hyderabad’s RRR set for expansion}}</ref> It helps connect the districts around city of Hyderabad. It helps in linking major [[National Highway (India)|national highway]]s like [[National Highway 65 (India)|NH 65]], [[National Highway 44 (India)|NH 44]], [[National Highway 163 (India)|NH 163]], [[National Highway 765 (India)|NH 765]].

==Major towns proposed to be connected by HRRR==
{{Unreferenced section|date=December 2021}}
The major towns and villages are in [[Rangareddy]], [[Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district|Bhuvanagiri]], [[Siddipet district|Siddipet]] and [[Sangareddy]] districts.

The project will be developed in two portions:

Northern half with a length of approx. 164 km is estimated to cost Rs. 9,500-crore and will connect [[Sangareddy]], [[Narsapur, Medak district|Narsapur]], [[Toopran]], [[Gajwel]], Pragnapur, Yadagirigutta, and Bhuvanagiri

Southern half with a length of approx. 182 km is estimated to cost Rs. 6,480-crore and will connect Bhuvanagiri, Choutuppal, Mall, Amangal, Shadnagar, Chevella, Shankarpally and Sangareddy.
* [[Bhuvanagiri, Telangana]]
* [[Yadagirigutta]]
* [[Valigonda]]
* Sangem
* [[Choutuppal]]
* [[Samsthan Narayanapur]]
* Shivannaguda
* [[Marrigudem]]
* [[Mall, Ranga Reddy district|Mall-Kurmapally]]
* [[Nagilla, Mahabubnagar district|Nagilla]]
* [[Amangal]]
* [[Keshampeta|Keshampet]]
* [[Shadnagar]]
* [[Shabad, Telangana|Shabad]]
* [[Chevella|Chevalla]]
* [[Nawabpet, Vikarabad district|Nawabpet]]
* [[Sangareddy]]
* [[Doultabad, Siddipet district|Doulthabad]]
* [[Narsapur, Medak district|Narsapur]]
* [[Shivampet]]
* [[Toopran]]
* [[Nacharam]]
* [[Gajwel]]
* [[Jagadevpur, Medak district|Jagdevpur]]
* [[M.Turkapally]]

== Draft ==
In the first draft proposal, it was proposed as Peripheral Ring Road (PRR) but the ring road has been renamed as RRR-triple R, covering 330 km.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121105034719/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-01/hyderabad/29370089_1_master-plan-hyderabad-airport-development-authority-hmda HMDA to prepare integrated master plan - Times Of India]. Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com (2011-04-01). Retrieved on 2013-12-06.</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Unified Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Hyderabad (India)]]
*[[Outer Ring Road, Hyderabad]]
*[[Inner Ring Road, Hyderabad]]
*[[Radial Roads, Hyderabad (India)]]
*[[Elevated Expressways in Hyderabad]]
*[[Intermediate Ring Road, Hyderabad (India)]]
*[[Peripheral Ring Road]]
*[[Satellite Town Ring Road]]
*[[List of longest ring roads]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/move-over-rrr-on-its-way/article4262768.ece Move over RRR on its way]
* Latest News about RRR on https://regionalringroad.com.in/

[[Category:Roads in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Ring roads in India]]

Punnathurkotta

2025-11-05T17:32:44Z

Ilushiklom: adjusted layout and corrected details

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Punnathurkotta
| other_name =
| nickname = Anakotta
| settlement_type = Place of interest
| image_skyline = PunathurKotta2.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Punathur Palace
| pushpin_map = India Kerala
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kerala, India
| coordinates = {{coord|10|36|51|N|76|1|47|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Thrissur district|Thrissur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 91487
| registration_plate = KL-46
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Guruvayur]]
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Punnathurkotta''' is a fort and former palace located in [[Kottapadi]], about 3 km from the [[Guruvayoor]] Sree Krishna Temple, in [[Thrissur District]] of [[Kerala]] State in [[South India]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Indian Columbus | title=Punnathur Kotta Elephant Sanctuary - Guruvayur, Kerala, India | url=https://indiancolumbus.blogspot.com/2010/07/punnathur-kotta-elephant-sanctuary.html | access-date = 19 July 2012}}</ref>

==Description==
[[File:Guruvayur Kesavan Statue.jpg|thumb|The statue of Guruvayur Keshavan placed at Guruvayur Temple premise]]
Punnathurkotta was once the palace of a local ruler, now survived by his son R Unnikrishnan, grandsons Madhusudana R Menon & Madhavan R Menon, but the palace grounds are now used to house the elephants belonging to the Guruvayoor temple, and has been renamed ''Anakkotta'' (meaning "Elephant Fort"). There were 86 elephants housed there, but currently there are about 37 elephants. The elephants are ritual offerings made by the devotees of [[Guruvayurappa|Lord Guruvayurappa]].

Described as a 'Palace for Elephants,' <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/@syngrafi/punnathurkotta-a-palace-for-pachyderms-in-kerala-5e72e4ed3c28|title=Punnathurkotta: A palace for pachyderms in Kerala|date=23 September 2019}}</ref> this facility is also used to train the elephants to serve [[Lord Krishna]] as well as to participate in many festivals that occur throughout the year. The oldest elephant is around 82 years of age and is called 'Ramachandran'. The rituals of ''Gajapooja'' (Worshipping Elephants) and ''Anayoottu'' (Feeding Elephants) are observed here, as an offering to [[Ganesha|Lord Ganesha]]. The legendary elephant "[[Guruvayur Keshavan]]" was housed here.

The compound also has a [[Nālukettu|naalu kettu]], a traditional rectangular home with a central courtyard, which belonged to the Punnathur [[Raja]]. It presently houses a training school for ''Papans'' ([[Mahout]]).

This complex also contains a temple dedicated to [[Lord Shiva]] and [[Bhagavathy]]. Some scenes in the famous Malayalam movie "''[[Oru Vadakkan Veeragatha]]''" (starring [[Mammooty]]) were filmed at this location. The visiting hours are 9.00 AM to 5.00 PM. The entry fee is ₹ 20.00 per adult. An extra Rs 25 is charged for to use a camera inside the complex. Nowadays camera usage is not allowed in Punnathurkotta.
{{Panorama
|image = File:Guruvayoor_Elephant_Farm_house.JPG
|height = 140
|alt = Panoramic view of the kotta.
|caption = Punnathur Kotta
}}

===Elephant Camp at Punnathurkotta===
The Elephant Camp is located in Punnathur Kotta, at a distance of 3 km from the Guruvayur Temple. This Elephant Camp houses 36 elephants in 11.5 acres of land and is home to the largest number of captive elephants. During the month July elephants are given special ayurvedic treatment. But this practice has been criticized by the Animal Welfare Board of India in a study commissioned on the welfare of the elephants. This study also found many glaring issues on the treatment of elephants and suggested remedial measures many of which has not been implemented.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Animal Welfare Board of India|title=Report on the Welfare & Veterinary Status Captive Elephants (Elephas maximus) at Punnathur Kotta|url=http://cupabangalore.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Guruvayur-Temple-Ele-Evaluation-2014.pdf|website=cupabangalore.org|access-date=9 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109040822/http://cupabangalore.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Guruvayur-Temple-Ele-Evaluation-2014.pdf|archive-date=9 January 2018}}</ref>
{|
|[[File:Elephant chained in punnathoor kotta kerala.jpg|thumb|left|Elephants chained at punnathor kotta]]

|
[[File:Elephnat at Punnathur Kotta, Gurvayur.jpg|thumb|Elephant at Punnathur Kotta, Guruvayur]]
|[[File:Elephants at punnathoor kotta1.jpg|thumb|right|Elephants chained to concrete posts]]

|}

==See also==
* [[Elephants in Kerala culture]]
* [[Guruvayur Keshavan]]
* [[Guruvayoorappan]]
* [[Guruvayoor Temple]]
* [[Temple elephant]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Tourist attractions in Thrissur}}
{{Tourism in Kerala|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:History of Thrissur district]]
[[Category:Palaces in Thrissur]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Thrissur]]
[[Category:Royal residences in India]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites in Kerala]]
[[Category:Elephant reserves of India]]
[[Category:Guruvayur]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Thrissur district]]

Neelkanth Tiwari

2025-11-05T13:32:54Z

Ilushiklom:

{{short description|Indian politician (born 1971)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Dr. Neelkanth Tiwari
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1971|07|20|df=y}}
| birth_place = India
| office = [[Yogi Adityanath ministry (2017–)|Minister of State (Independent charge); Law and Justice, Information, Sports and Youth Welfare of Uttar Pradesh]]
| term_start1 = 22 March 2017
| 1blankname = [[Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh|Chief Minister]]
| 1namedata = [[Yogi Adityanath]]
| predecessor1 = [[Shyamdev Roy Chaudhari]]
| successor1 =
| constituency = [[Varanasi South Assembly constituency|Varanasi South]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| children = 2
| nationality = Indian
| office2 =
| term_start2 =
| predecessor2 =
| termstart = 19 March 2017
| constituency1 = [[Varanasi South (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Varanasi South]]
| office1 = [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
}}
'''Dr. Neelkanth Tiwari''' (born 20 July 1971) |Yogi Adityanath ministry]]. He is member of [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] representing [[Varanasi South (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Varanasi South]] which was represented by [[Shyamdev Roy Chaudhari]] seven times, from 1989 to 2017 until he was elected in 2017. He married Poonam Tiwari on 25 June 1994 and they had one son named Shambhav Tiwari (born 30 November) and one daughter named Shambhavi Tiwari (born 21 December).<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/7-time-bjp-mla-from-varanasi-south-shyandeo-roy-chaudhury-not-to-campaign-for-bjp-in-up-polls/articleshow/56817047.cms 7-time BJP MLA from Varanasi South Shyandeo Roy Chaudhury not to campaign for BJP in UP polls]</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/varanasi-south.html#leader | title=Sitting and previous MLAs from Varanasi South Assembly Constituency | publisher=elections.in | access-date=11 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://information.up.nic.in/Module_View.aspx?id_view=268 |title=Yogi ministry's Minister of State |access-date=11 September 2017 |archive-date=11 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911205353/http://information.up.nic.in/Module_View.aspx?id_view=268 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/up-cm-distributes-portfolios-to-46-ministers.html UP CM DISTRIBUTES PORTFOLIOS TO 46 MINISTERS]</ref>

Dr. Tiwari got the ministries of Law and Justice, Information, Sports and Youth Welfare. He is also the Tourism Minister of [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref>{{citation |title=CM Yogi Adityanath keeps home, revenue: UP portfolio allocation highlights |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/live-updates-on-uttar-pradesh-govt-portfolios-keshav-prasad-maurya-gets-pwd/story-JafGBgr7Oe7VXxcBsnAOdM.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=22 March 2017 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Yogi ministry}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tiwari, Neelkanth}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:State cabinet ministers of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2017–2022]]
[[Category:Yogi ministry]]
[[Category:Politicians from Varanasi]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:1971 births]]

{{UttarPradesh-BJP-politician-stub}}

Vaishno Devi Temple stampede

2025-11-05T04:29:58Z

Ilushiklom: started new biography - done

{{Short description|2022 disaster in Jammu and Kashmir}}
{{Infobox event
|name=Vaishno Devi Temple crowd crush
|image=Vaishno.jpg
|caption=Vaishno Devi Temple during winter
|date= {{start date and age|2022|01|01|df=y}}
|time= Mid-night; Between 00:00 to 01:00 IST
|place=[[Vaishno Devi Temple]], [[Katra, Jammu and Kashmir]], India
|coordinates ={{coord|33.0299|74.9482|type:landmark_region:IN-JK|display=title, inline}}
| cause = altercation between a group of devotees
| deaths = 12
| injuries = 16
}}
On 1 January 2022, 12 people were killed and 16 others injured in a [[crowd crush]] near to Gate No. 3 at the [[Vaishno Devi Temple]] in [[Katra, Jammu and Kashmir|Katra]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], northern India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vaishno Devi Stampede: Scuffle between 2 groups claimed as cause; probe panel to submit report within a week|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2022/jan/01/vaishno-devi-stampedescuffle-between-2-groups-claimed-as-cause-probe-panel-to-submit-report-within-a-week-2402048.html|access-date=2022-01-01|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-01-01|title=At least 12 killed in stampede at religious shrine in India Kashmir|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/least-12-killed-stampede-religious-shrine-india-kashmir-2022-01-01/|access-date=2022-01-01}}</ref>

== Crush ==
{{further|Crowd collapses and crushes}}
Hundreds of people were packed inside the Vaishno Devi Temple corridor to offer prayers shortly after midnight to start the first day of the new year of 2022. Outside the temple, the roads leading to it were packed with people, with an eyewitness claiming there was hardly room to walk. Around 2:30 am many recall hearing a large commotion before the crush.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Yasir|first=Sameer|date=2022-01-01|title=At Least 12 Die in Stampede at a Hindu Shrine in Kashmir|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/01/world/asia/hindu-shrine-stampede-kashmir.html|access-date=2022-01-05|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

An eyewitness claimed to have fallen with about two dozen people after watching a large crowd leave the temple and those behind them surged forward, and felt that he was going to die as people continue to move over those who had died.<ref name=":0" /> Another recounted that they had fallen due to people pushing them near a pathway at the shrine, with another eyewitness claiming that the crowd suddenly turned aggressive and created a stampede.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-02|title=Vaishno Devi stampede: Homemaker leaves behind two teenagers|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/vaishno-devi-stampede-homemaker-leaves-behind-two-teenagers-7701816/|access-date=2022-01-05|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bhatnagar|first=Amil|date=2022-01-02|title=Vaishno Devi stampede: 'Finally a cop answered…confirmed worst fears'|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/vaishno-devi-stampede-finally-a-cop-answered-7701810/|access-date=2022-01-05|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>

== Investigation ==
The [[Government of India|government]] launched an investigation into the crush.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=2022-01-01|title=India: At least 12 dead in New Year temple stampede|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-59845278|access-date=2022-01-02}}</ref> A three-member inquiry panel, headed by Principal Secretary Shaleen Jabra was created and tasked with completing a report within a week from the stampede.<ref>{{Cite web|title=On Vaishno Devi Stampede, Notice For Public To Share Information|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/on-vaishno-devi-stampede-notice-for-public-to-share-information-2684645|access-date=2022-01-05|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> An announcement was issued to the public, inviting any information or documentation about the stampede be brought forward for investigators via email, phone or [[WhatsApp]] message or by appearing before the Enquiry Committee.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-02|title=Vaishno Devi stampede: Govt asks people to share facts, electronic evidence|url=https://www.siasat.com/vaishno-devi-stampede-govt-asks-people-to-share-facts-electronic-evidence-2251843/|access-date=2022-01-05|website=The Siasat Daily|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Response ==
[[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]] stated that he was "saddened" by the loss of life.<ref name=":1" />

The Lieutenant Governor of Jammu and Kashmir, Manoj Sinha announced on 2 January that all next of kin of those who died in the crush would receive an additional {{INRconvert|5|l|year=2022}} ex-gratia for a total compensation of {{INRconvert|15|l|year=2022}}.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=January 2, 2022|title=Vaishno Devi stampede: J-K LG announces additional Rs 5 lakh ex-gratia for kin of deceased|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/vaishno-devi-stampede-j-k-lg-announces-additional-rs-5-lakh-ex-gratia-for-kin-of-deceased/articleshow/88647164.cms |access-date=2022-01-05|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
*{{section link|Crowd collapses and crushes#Crowd "stampedes"}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Disasters in India in 2022}}
{{Human crushes}}

[[Category:2022 disasters in India]]
[[Category:2020s in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Disasters in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:January 2022 in India]]
[[Category:Disasters in Hindu temples]]
[[Category:Crowd collapses and crushes in Asia]]
[[Category:Hinduism in Jammu and Kashmir]]