https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Igorcaf 2026-07-28T02:41:09Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.43.6 https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sakoli_Assembly_constituency&diff=532052 2026-05-06T22:28:05Z

<p>Igorcaf: put up some article from scratch!</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = [[Sakoli]]<br /> | map_image = 62-Sakoli.svg<br /> | mla = [[Nana Patole]]<br /> | party = {{Party index link|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | alliance = {{Party index link|Maha Vikas Aghadi}}<br /> | latest_election_year = [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]]<br /> | state = [[Maharashtra]]<br /> | district = [[Bhandara district|Bhandara]]<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Bhandara–Gondiya Lok Sabha constituency|Bhandara–Gondiya]]<br /> | established = 1962<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | reservation = None<br /> | constituency_no = 62<br /> | electors = 328,909<br /> }}<br /> '''Sakoli Assembly constituency''' is one of the 288 [[Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) constituencies in [[Maharashtra]] state in central India.&lt;ref name=delimitation2008&gt;{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&amp;type=order&amp;filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; This constituency is one of the three constituencies located in [[Bhandara district]].&lt;ref name=ceo&gt;{{cite web|url=http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|title=District wise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website|access-date=5 September 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225084439/http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|archive-date=25 February 2009|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Sakoli is part of the [[Bhandara-Gondiya Lok Sabha constituency]] along with five other Vidhan Sabha constituencies, namely [[Bhandara Assembly constituency|Bhandara]] and [[Tumsar Assembly constituency|Tumsar]] in Bhandara district and [[Gondiya Assembly constituency|Gondiya]], [[Arjuni Morgaon Assembly constituency|Arjuni Morgaon]] and [[Tirora Assembly constituency|Tirora]] in [[Gondia district]].&lt;ref name=ceo/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Members of Legislative assembly==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> !Year<br /> !Member&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Sakoli Vidhan Sabha Current MLA and Previous MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/maharashtra/assembly-constituencies/sakoli.html |access-date= |website=Elections in India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Party<br /> |- <br /> | [[1952 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1952]] || Nashik Khantadu Tirpude &lt;br&gt; Arjun Ganaji Sanrit || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}<br /> |- <br /> | [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election|1957]] || Nashikro Khantadu Tirpude(Sc) &lt;br&gt; Paulzagade Adku Sonu<br /> |- <br /> | [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || Adkuji Sonuji Paulsagade <br /> |- <br /> | [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || S. P. Kapgate || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Jana Sangh}}<br /> |- <br /> | [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || Martand Ramaji Kapgate || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |- <br /> | [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1978]] || Madukar Tulshiramji Bedarkar|| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)|rowspan=2 |dab=yes}}<br /> |- <br /> | [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1980]] || rowspan=2 | Jayant Krushnamurari Katakwar<br /> |- <br /> | [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |- <br /> | [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1990]] || rowspan=2 | Dr. Hemkrishna Shamraoji Kapgate || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> |- <br /> | [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1995]] <br /> |- <br /> | [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1999]] || rowspan=2 | Sewakbhau Nirdhanji Waghaye || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<br /> |- <br /> | [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2004]] <br /> |- <br /> | [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2009]] || [[Nana Patole|Nana Falgunrao Patole]] || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> |- <br /> | [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2014]] || [[Rajesh Lahanu Kashiwar|Rajesh Kashiwar]] <br /> |- <br /> | [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2019]] || rowspan=2 | [[Nana Patole|Nana Falgunrao Patole]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<br /> |- <br /> | [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]] <br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> === Assembly Election 2024 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref name=&quot;Maharashtra results: Nana Patole wins by 208 votes; several MVA stalwarts lose&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hindustantimes |title=Maharashtra results: Nana Patole wins by 208 votes; several MVA stalwarts lose |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/maharashtra-results-nana-patole-wins-by-208-votes-several-mva-stalwarts-lose-101732414853209.html |access-date=24 November 2024 |date=24 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241124055701/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/maharashtra-results-nana-patole-wins-by-208-votes-several-mva-stalwarts-lose-101732414853209.html |archive-date=24 November 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Nana Patole|Nana Falgunrao Patole]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 96,795 |percentage = 41.32% |change = {{decrease}}0.59 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Avinash Anandrao Brahmankar |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 96,587 |percentage = 41.23% |change = {{increase}}2.06 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Somadatta Brahmanand Karanjekar |party = Independent politician |votes = 18,309 |percentage = 7.82% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Avinash Raghunath Nanhe |party = Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi |votes = 11,188 |percentage = 4.78% |change = {{decrease}}10.38 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Roshan Baburao Fule |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 6,037 |percentage = 2.58% |change = {{increase}}0.97 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ashok Sadashiv Patle |party = Independent politician |votes = 3,634 |percentage = 1.55% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,340 |percentage = 0.57% |change = {{decrease}}0.11 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 208 |percentage = 0.09% |change = {{decrease}}2.66 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 235,600 |percentage = 71.63% |change = {{decrease}}0.11 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 234,260}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 328,909 |ref = |change = {{increase}}3.17 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}0.59 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2019 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref name=&quot;election2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2019 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Nana Patole|Nana Falgunrao Patole]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 95,208 |percentage = 41.91% |change = {{increase}}16.52 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Parinay Ramesh Fuke |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 88,968 |percentage = 39.17% |change = {{increase}}2.10 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sevakbhau Nirdhan Waghaye |party = Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi |votes = 34,436 |percentage = 15.16% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Prakash Malgave |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 3,650 |percentage = 1.61% |change = {{decrease}}12.89 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,543 |percentage = 0.68% |change = {{increase}}0.34 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 6,240 |percentage = 2.75% |change = {{decrease}}8.93 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 228,722 |percentage = 71.74% |change = {{decrease}}2.47 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 227,157}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 318,804 |ref = |change = {{increase}}7.64 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}4.84 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2014 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref name=&quot;election2014&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2014/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2014 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Rajesh Lahanu Kashiwar|Rajesh Kashiwar]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 80,902 |percentage = 37.07% |change = {{decrease}}23.37 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sewakbhau Nirdhanji Waghaye |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 55,413 |percentage = 25.39% |change = {{decrease}}3.92 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Mahendra Vishwanath Ganvir |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 31,649 |percentage = 14.50% |change = {{increase}}9.21 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Funde Sunil Baburao |party = Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 19,888 |percentage = 9.11% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ajay Devram Tumsare |party = Independent politician |votes = 11,864 |percentage = 5.44% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sayam Bisan Sitarm |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,784 |percentage = 1.28% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Bhusari Tulshiram Raghoji |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,316 |percentage = 1.06% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Prashant Yadorao Padole |party = Shiv Sena |votes = 2,151 |percentage = 0.99% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 739 |percentage = 0.34% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 25,489 |percentage = 11.68% |change = {{decrease}}19.45 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 219,789 |percentage = 74.21% |change = {{increase}}0.66 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 218,231}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 296,188 |ref = |change = {{increase}}7.77 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}23.37 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2009 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher= Chief Eletoral Officer, [[Maharashtra]]|title=General Elections to State Legislative Assembly 2009 |url=https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-url= http://web.archive.org/web/20240708005931/https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-date=8 July 2024|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Nana Patole|Nana Falgunrao Patole]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 122,168 |percentage = 60.44% |change = {{increase}}28.21 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Waghaye Sevakbhau Nirdhan |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 59,253 |percentage = 29.31% |change = {{decrease}}13.46 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kewat Sanjay Gajanan |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 10,688 |percentage = 5.29% |change = {{decrease}}10.40 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Tembhurne Chandrashekhar Shamrao |party = Communist Party of India |votes = 2,993 |percentage = 1.48% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 62,915 |percentage = 31.13% |change = {{increase}}20.59 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 202,138 |percentage = 73.55% |change = {{decrease}}3.27 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 202,133}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 274,830 |ref = |change = {{increase}}57.47 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}17.67 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 2004 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli }}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Sewakbhau Nirdhanji Waghaye |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 57,293 |percentage = 42.77% |change = {{decrease}}0.42 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Girhepunje Shiwram Sonabaji |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 43,173 |percentage = 32.23% |change = {{decrease}}4.41 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Homaraj Martand Kapgate |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 21,019 |percentage = 15.69% |change = {{increase}}14.98 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shesharao Pisaramji Girhepunje |party = Independent politician |votes = 8,306 |percentage = 6.20% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Lalchand Shrawan Khadke |party = Peoples Republican Party |votes = 1,687 |percentage = 1.26% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Bhiogade Purushottam Sakharam |party = Independent politician |votes = 973 |percentage = 0.73% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Prakash Jagannath Janbandhu |party = Lok Janshakti Party |votes = 934 |percentage = 0.70% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 14,120 |percentage = 10.54% |change = {{increase}}4.00 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 134,066 |percentage = 76.82% |change = {{decrease}}1.32 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 133,953}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 174,528 |ref = |change = {{increase}}13.95 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}0.42 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1999 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117044316/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Sewakbhau Nirdhanji Waghaye |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 48,654 |percentage = 43.19% |change = {{increase}}13.30 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Girhepunje Shiwram Sonabaji |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 41,281 |percentage = 36.64% |change = {{decrease}}0.92 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Padole Yadorao Shriram |party = Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 14,568 |percentage = 12.93% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sadashiv Barku Walthare |party = Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh |votes = 7,007 |percentage = 6.22% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Duryodhan Mohan Meshram |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 802 |percentage = 0.71% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 7,373 |percentage = 6.54% |change = {{decrease}}1.13 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 119,675 |percentage = 78.14% |change = {{decrease}}7.68 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 112,663}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 153,162 |ref = |change = {{decrease}}1.45 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}5.63 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1995 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1995 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121534/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Hemkrishna Shamraoji Kapgate |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 49,059 |percentage = 37.56% |change = {{increase}}0.78 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sewakbhau Nirdhanji Waghaye |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 39,044 |percentage = 29.89% |change = {{increase}}14.45 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Karanjekar Bramhanand Bajiraoji |party = Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh |votes = 20,675 |percentage = 15.83% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Walthare Sadashio Barku |party = Independent politician |votes = 11,107 |percentage = 8.50% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Tekam Ganesh Pandurang |party = Independent politician |votes = 3,169 |percentage = 2.43% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Badole Janardhan Kisan |party = Republican Party of India |votes = 2,282 |percentage = 1.75% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Architect Premdas Ramteke |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,148 |percentage = 0.88% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Chodichor Chandrakumar Manohar |party = Republican Party of India (Khobragade) |votes = 1,129 |percentage = 0.86% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 10,015 |percentage = 7.67% |change = {{decrease}}11.69 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 133,368 |percentage = 85.82% |change = {{increase}}11.54 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 130,609}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 155,413 |ref = |change = {{increase}}6.68 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}0.78 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1990 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117080722/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. Hemkrishna Shamraoji Kapgate |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 39,372 |percentage = 36.78% |change = {{increase}}18.82 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Badole Janardhan Kisan |party = Independent politician |votes = 18,646 |percentage = 17.42% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Katakwar Jayant Krushnamurari |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 16,533 |percentage = 15.44% |change = {{decrease}}20.69 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Udaram Rushi Rakhade |party = Independent politician |votes = 11,540 |percentage = 10.78% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Khandate Soma Shivram |party = Independent politician |votes = 6,576 |percentage = 6.14% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kanchan Vasantrao Kotwal |party = Shiv Sena |votes = 4,947 |percentage = 4.62% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Irle Wasudeoji Laxman |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,273 |percentage = 2.12% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Isapure Chandrabhan Shivaji |party = Janata Dal |votes = 1,325 |percentage = 1.24% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 20,726 |percentage = 19.36% |change = {{increase}}10.39 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 108,210 |percentage = 74.28% |change = {{increase}}5.33 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 107,051}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 145,680 |ref = |change = {{increase}}20.36 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}0.65 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1985 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117075119/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Katakwar Jayant Krushanmurari |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 29,743 |percentage = 36.13% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Nimbekar Govindrao Shivaji |party = Independent politician |votes = 22,362 |percentage = 27.17% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Khedikar Manoharrao Narayanrao |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 14,787 |percentage = 17.96% |change = {{decrease}}17.49 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Chodichor Manohar Raghoji |party = Republican Party of India |votes = 14,242 |percentage = 17.30% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Vijay Rajendraprasad Sharma |party = Independent politician |votes = 573 |percentage = 0.70% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Lonarkar Ramchandra Tukaram |party = Independent politician |votes = 515 |percentage = 0.63% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 7,381 |percentage = 8.97% |change = {{increase}}3.74 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 83,447 |percentage = 68.95% |change = {{increase}}3.07 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 82,318}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 121,033 |ref = |change = {{increase}}3.34 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Indian National Congress (I) |swing = {{decrease}}4.55 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1980 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1980 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117083555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Katakwar Jayant Krushnamurari |party = Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 30,953 |percentage = 40.68% |change = {{decrease}}4.72 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Nimbekar Govindrao Shivaji |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 26,976 |percentage = 35.45% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Waghaye Kashinath Zibal |party = Independent politician |votes = 11,176 |percentage = 14.69% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ramteke Kewalram Donu |party = Republican Party of India (Khobragade) |votes = 6,657 |percentage = 8.75% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,977 |percentage = 5.23% |change = {{increase}}0.89 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 77,157 |percentage = 65.88% |change = {{decrease}}15.61 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 76,087}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 117,122 |ref = |change = {{increase}}5.91 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress (I) |swing = {{decrease}}4.72 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1978 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629182050/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-date=29 June 2017|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Bedarkar Madukar Tulshiramji |party = Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 39,908 |percentage = 45.40% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kapgate Shamrao Pagaji |party = Janata Party |votes = 36,093 |percentage = 41.06% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kapagate Martandrao Ramji |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 7,489 |percentage = 8.52% |change = {{decrease}}41.61 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Garpade Barasram Natthu |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,690 |percentage = 1.92% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shendre Shautram Rajaram |party = Independent politician |votes = 979 |percentage = 1.11% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Nandgavali Adeenath Chaitram |party = Independent politician |votes = 730 |percentage = 0.83% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,815 |percentage = 4.34% |change = {{decrease}}14.76 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 90,126 |percentage = 81.49% |change = {{increase}}3.78 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 87,905}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 110,591 |ref = |change = {{increase}}22.25 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress (I) |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}4.73 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1972 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519183024/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-date=19 May 2017|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Martand Ramaji Kapgate |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 34,326 |percentage = 50.13% |change = {{increase}}18.87 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shyamrao Pagaji Kapgate |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 21,245 |percentage = 31.03% |change = {{decrease}}7.46 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Rajaram Bhiwaji Damle |party = Republican Party of India (Khobragade) |votes = 11,350 |percentage = 16.58% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Meshram Sukhdas Maniram |party = Republican Party of India |votes = 1,550 |percentage = 2.26% |change = {{decrease}}22.44 }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 13,081 |percentage = 19.10% |change = {{increase}}11.88 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 70,297 |percentage = 77.71% |change = {{increase}}5.84 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 68,471}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 90,463 |ref = |change = {{increase}}11.97 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |swing = {{increase}}11.64 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1967 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926233227/https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-date=26 September 2018|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = S. P. Kapgate |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 20,904 |percentage = 38.49% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = A. G. Samrti |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 16,980 |percentage = 31.26% |change = {{decrease}}3.61 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = S. Moramtek |party = Republican Party of India |votes = 13,414 |percentage = 24.70% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. J. Uikey |party = Independent politician |votes = 3,015 |percentage = 5.55% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,924 |percentage = 7.22% |change = {{decrease}}0.70 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 58,065 |percentage = 71.87% |change = {{increase}}0.25 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 54,313}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 80,791 |ref = |change = {{decrease}}1.36 }}<br /> {{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}3.62 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1962 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117085627/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Adkuji Sonuji Paulsagade |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 18,535 |percentage = 34.87% |change = {{decrease}}11.97 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shyamrao Pagaji Kapgate |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 14,324 |percentage = 26.95% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Bhanudas Sego Bansod |party = Republican Party of India |votes = 13,748 |percentage = 25.86% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Bajirao Jairam Uike |party = Independent politician |votes = 3,638 |percentage = 6.84% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Patiram Tulsiram Kamane |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,094 |percentage = 2.06% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Raibhan Laxman Dahiwale |party = Independent politician |votes = 984 |percentage = 1.85% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kewalram Sonaji Funde |party = Independent politician |votes = 542 |percentage = 1.02% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 4,211 |percentage = 7.92% |change = {{increase}}1.64 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 58,659 |percentage = 71.62% |change = {{decrease}}33.76 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 53,159}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 81,904 |ref = |change = {{decrease}}43.84 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}11.00 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1957 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114093455/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf|archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Tirpude Nashikro Khantadu |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 36,687 |percentage = 23.87% |change = {{decrease}}22.83 }}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Paulzagade Adku Sonu |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 35,303 |percentage = 22.97% |change = {{decrease}}23.73 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sakhare Daji Atmaram |party = Scheduled Castes Federation |votes = 27,030 |percentage = 17.59% |change = {{increase}}5.18 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kapgate Sahmrao Paga |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 26,405 |percentage = 17.18% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kanhekar Shrawan Mangiru |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 12,158 |percentage = 7.91% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Fate Shri Ram Raoji |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 11,080 |percentage = 7.21% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Arjunkar Budhram Sego |party = Independent politician |votes = 5,032 |percentage = 3.27% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 9,657 |percentage = 6.28% |change = {{increase}}3.56 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 153,695 |percentage = 105.38% |change = {{decrease}}1.16 }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 153,695}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 145,846 |ref = |change = {{increase}}41.30 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}0.84 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === Assembly Election 1952 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title = [[1952 Hyderabad State Legislative Assembly election]] : Sakoli &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1951 to the Legislative Assembly of Hyderabad |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatRep_51_HBD.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606161433/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatRep_51_HBD.pdf|archive-date=6 June 2016|format=pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Nashik Khantadu Tirpude |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 27,171 |percentage = 24.71% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Arjun Ganaji Sanrit |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 24,183 |percentage = 21.99% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shnakarrao Dillisao Nashine |party = Socialist Party (India, 1948) |votes = 14,288 |percentage = 12.99% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Daji Atmaram Sakhare |party = Scheduled Castes Federation |votes = 13,651 |percentage = 12.41% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shamrao Paga Kapgate |party = Independent politician |votes = 12,187 |percentage = 11.08% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ganpat Raghu Kapgate |party = Independent politician |votes = 6,565 |percentage = 5.97% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Umraosingh Mannalalsingh Javheri |party = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party |votes = 5,417 |percentage = 4.93% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kishan Badha Jambhulkar |party = Independent politician |votes = 4,456 |percentage = 4.05% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Vithal Sakharam Halmare |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,050 |percentage = 1.86% |change = ''New'' }}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,988 |percentage = 2.72% |change = }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes = 109,968 |percentage = 106.54% |change = }}<br /> {{Election box total valid |votes= 109,968}}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 103,216 |ref = |change = }}<br /> {{Election box new seat win |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Sakoli]]<br /> * [[List of constituencies of Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Maharashtra}}<br /> {{coord|21.09|80.00|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]]<br /> [[Category:Bhandara district]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Maharashtra]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]<br /> [[Category:1962 establishments in Maharashtra]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sushanth&diff=538717 2026-05-06T05:31:14Z

<p>Igorcaf: put up new entry from scratch</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian actor (born 1986)}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}<br /> {{Family name hatnote|Anumolu|lang=Telugu}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Sushanth<br /> | image = Sushanth (telugu hero).png<br /> | imagesize = <br /> | caption = Sushanth in 2018<br /> | birth_name = Sushanth Anumolu<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1986|03|18|df=yes}}&lt;ref name=&quot;HBSA&quot; /&gt;<br /> | birth_place = [[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]] (now in [[Telangana]]), India<br /> | yearsactive = 2008–present<br /> | spouse = <br /> | alma_mater = [[University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign]] ([[B.S.]])<br /> | occupation = Actor<br /> | parents = <br /> | family = [[Daggubati–Akkineni family]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Sushanth Anumolu''' (born 18 March 1986), known professionally as '''Sushanth''', is an Indian actor who works in [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]] films. Born into the [[Akkineni–Daggubati family]], he made his acting debut with ''[[Kalidasu]]'' (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |author=South Cinema |url=https://www.youandi.com/driving-force-sushanth-anumolu/ |work=You &amp; I |access-date=18 November 2021 |title=Interview: Driving Force – Sushanth Anumolu|date=3 September 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> After a series of box office failures, Sushanth earned success with his portrayal of a software employee in ''[[Chi La Sow]]'' (2018). His highest grossing release came with ''[[Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo]]'' (2020). He made his web debut with ''[[Maa Neella Tank]]'' (2022).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=First Look Poster: Sushanth looks classy in Allu Arjun's Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/first-look-sushanth-looks-classy-in-ala-vaikunthapurramuloo/articleshow/71687461.cms|access-date=2021-02-01|website=The Times of India|date=21 October 2019 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Early life and background==<br /> <br /> Sushanth was born as Sushanth Anumolu on 18 March 1986 in [[Hyderabad]].&lt;ref name=&quot;HBSA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Allu Arjun wishes Sushanth on the latter's birthday with an adorable picture; see post |work=Times of India |access-date=18 March 2021 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/allu-arjun-wishes-sushanth-on-the-latters-birthday-with-an-adorable-picture/articleshow/81564358.cms}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Makers of Ravi Teja starrer 'Ravanasura' release Sushanth's fierce look on his birthday |work=IANS India |access-date=18 March 2022 |url=https://ianslife.in/entertainment/makers-ravi-tejas-ravanasura-release-sushanths-look-his-bday}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is the son of Anumolu Sathya Bhushana Rao and Naga Susheela Akkineni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nitin|first=B|date=2017-09-03|title=Tollywood's first families: The kings and queens who rule the Telugu film industry|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/tollywoods-first-families-kings-and-queens-who-rule-telugu-film-industry-67805|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904194946/http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/tollywoods-first-families-kings-and-queens-who-rule-telugu-film-industry-67805 |archive-date=4 September 2017 |access-date=|website=The News Minute}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is the grandson of [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]] and the nephew of [[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]]. Actors [[Sumanth]], [[Naga Chaitanya]] and [[Akhil Akkineni]] are his cousins.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-09-19|title=Akkineni Nageswara Rao: The Tollywood baton has been handed down for three generations now|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/akkineni-nageswara-rao-the-tollywood-baton-has-been-handed-down-for-three-generations-now/photostory/65875536.cms|access-date=2020-09-24|website=The Times of India|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Sushanth completed his schooling from [[Hyderabad Public School]] and completed his bachelor's degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering, from [[University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Shahzore|first=Mohammed Najeeb|date=2021-04-10|title=HPS represents a glorious era which surprisingly continues till date|url=https://www.siasat.com/hps-represents-a-glorious-era-which-surprisingly-continues-till-date-2122612/|access-date=2021-07-02|website=The Siasat Daily|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; He worked at [[United Technologies]] and Schlumberger as an Electrical Engineer before his acting career.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?list=type&amp;type=14|title=CorpWatch : United Technologies|access-date=July 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704133159/http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?list=type&amp;type=14|archive-date=July 4, 2015|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sushanth attended the Kreating Charakters Training School, [[Mumbai]] for a short acting course along with his cousin Naga Chaitanya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/sushanth.html|title=Sushanth interview - Telugu Cinema interview - Telugu film actor|website=www.idlebrain.com|access-date=18 December 2010|archive-date=9 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100709182152/http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/sushanth.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> ===Debut and early career (2008–2019)===<br /> Sushanth made his film debut in 2008 with the romantic drama ''[[Kalidasu]]'', co‑starring [[Tamannaah]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/son-shine/articleshow/2933030.cms |title=Sushanth Anumolu: Son‑shine |newspaper=The Times of India |date=8 April 2008 |access-date=15 September 2010 |archive-date=27 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127131850/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/son-shine/articleshow/2933030.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Critics at ''[[Telugucinema.com]]'' observed that “Sushanth makes a decent debut” and suggested he could “become a good actor by honing his skills further.”&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.telugucinema.com/c/publish/moviereviews/kalidasu_moviereview.php|title=Kalidasu Movie Review|website=Telugucinema.com|access-date=11 April 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film performed well at the box office.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.telugucinema.com/c/publish/moviereviews/kalidasu_moviereview.php|title=Kalidasu Movie Review|website=Telugucinema.com|access-date=11 April 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> After a three‑year hiatus, Sushanth returned in 2013’s ensemble thriller ''[[Adda (2013 film)|Adda]]'', portraying a man who sows discord between couples, opposite [[Shanvi Srivastava]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://timesofap.com/cinema/adda-movie-launch-photos/|title=Adda Movie Launch Photos|publisher=Times of AP|access-date=29 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730221408/http://timesofap.com/cinema/adda-movie-launch-photos/|archive-date=30 July 2012|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/adda/movie-review/21860770.cms|title=ADDA MOVIE REVIEW (2013)|website=The Times of India|access-date=20 November 2013|author=Times Movies}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He made a cameo appearance in the 2015 comedy thriller ''[[Dongaata (2015 film)|Dongaata]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/dongata-review-telugu-pfiryFgcagcei.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514123531/http://www.sify.com/movies/dongata-review-telugu-pfiryFgcagcei.html|archive-date=14 May 2015|url-status=dead|title=Review: Dongaata (2015)|website=Sify|access-date=15 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2016, he starred as an NRI opposite [[Sonam Bajwa]] in the family drama ''[[Aatadukundam Raa]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/190816/i-got-emotional-while-shooting-sushant.html|title=I got emotional while shooting: Sushant|first=Suresh|last=Kavirayani|date=19 August 2016|website=Deccan Chronicle|access-date=19 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; However, ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' criticized his performance as “exaggerated” and noted that “at no point do you feel like rooting for him.”&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2016/Aug/19/aatadukundam-ra-review-lacklustre-script-lets-down-aatadukundam-ra-1510900.html|title=Aatadukundam Ra Review: Lacklustre script lets down this Sushanth film|website=The New Indian Express|date=19 August 2016|access-date=20 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Sushanth’s breakthrough came in 2018 with the romantic comedy ''[[Chi La Sow]]'', in which he played an unwilling bachelor opposite [[Ruhani Sharma]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/theatrical-rights-of-chi-la-sow-acquired-by-annapurna-studios-in-association-with-siruni-cine-corporation/articleshow/64895329.cms|title=Theatrical rights of 'Chi La Sow' acquired by Annapurna Studios|newspaper=The Times of India|first=Asha Kiran|last=Kumar|date=7 July 2018|access-date=20 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film was both a critical and commercial success.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=|first=|date=22 December 2018|title=2018 round‑up: Six low‑budget Tollywood films that grossed big at the box office|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/2018-round-up-six-low-budget-tollywood-films-that-grossed-big-at-the-box-office/photostory/67196025.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110120338/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/2018-round-up-six-low-budget-tollywood-films-that-grossed-big-at-the-box-office/photostory/67196025.cms|archive-date=10 November 2020|access-date=19 August 2020|website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[India Today]]'' praised his performance, writing that he “finally got his break in the industry,”&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/chi-la-sow-movie-review-rahul-ravindran-sushanth-ruhani-sharma-1304349-2018-08-03|title=Chi La Sow Review: Rahul Ravindran gifts a cute rom-com|website=India Today|date=3 August 2018|access-date=10 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' noted, “Sushanth delivers a subtle, apt performance and proves he can truly act.”&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/070818/chi-la-sow-movie-review-love-story-with-feel-good-vibes.html|title=Chi La Sow movie review: Love story with feel‑good vibes|website=Deccan Chronicle|date=7 August 2018|access-date=9 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Career progression (2020–present)===<br /> In 2020, Sushanth appeared as a young businessman in the ensemble cast film ''[[Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo]]'', starring opposite [[Nivetha Pethuraj]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sushanth Anumolu excited to be part of Allu Arjun, Pooja Hegde and Tabu's #AA19|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/sushanth-a-excited-to-be-part-of-allu-arjun-pooja-hegde-tabus-aa19/articleshow/69686217.cms|access-date=2021-02-01|website=The Times of India|date=7 June 2019|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film became one of the [[List of highest-grossing Telugu films|highest-grossing Telugu films]] of all time and was among the [[2020 in film|top-grossing Indian films of 2020]].&lt;ref name=&quot;dhgross&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=26 June 2020|title=Highest-grossing Telugu movies at WW box office|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/dh-galleries/photos/baahubali-2-to-khaidi-no-150-highest-grossing-telugu-movies-at-the-worldwide-box-office-854029|access-date=26 July 2020|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; However, ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' commented, &quot;Sushant is wasted in a role that has no importance and it barely makes any impact.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-01-12|title=Ala Vaikuntapuramlo review: Allu Arjun elevates this predictable but fun family drama|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/ala-vaikuntapuramlo-review-allu-arjun-elevates-this-predictable-but-fun-family-drama/story-LKnIxbdXpWyyHfRnFA3M3K.html|access-date=2021-02-01|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2021, he played the role of an architect in ''[[Ichata Vahanamulu Niluparadu]]'', opposite [[Meenakshi Chaudhary]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Nyayapati|first=Neeshita|date=30 January 2020|title=Sushanth A and Meenakshi Chaudhary's 'Ichata Vahanamulu Nilupa Radu' launched|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/sushanth-a-and-meenakshi-chaudharys-ichata-vahanamulu-nilupa-radu-launched/articleshow/73767237.cms|access-date=27 August 2021|website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Pinkvilla]]'' noted, &quot;Sushanth's character acquires a gravitas of its own in the pre-climax and climax.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ichata Vahanamulu Nilupa Radu Review: A film that could have been an edgy thriller but isn't|access-date=29 August 2021|work=Pinkvilla|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/ichata-vahanamulu-nilupa-radu-review-film-could-have-been-edgy-thriller-isnt-875098%3famp}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Times of India]]'' stated, &quot;Sushanth is decent as Arun but it’s not his best work.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/ichata-vahanamulu-nilupa-radu/movie-review/85685638.cms|title=Ichata Vahanamulu Nilupa Radu Movie Review: A suspense-romantic-drama that fails to focus on either genre|first=Sravan|last=Vanaparthy|date=27 August 2021|publisher=Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 2022, Sushanth made his web series debut with the [[ZEE5]] original ''[[Maa Neella Tank]]'', where he played a sub-inspector opposite [[Priya Anand]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Telugu|first=TV9|date=2022-07-09|title=Maa Neela Tank : బుట్టబొమ్మ చేతులమీదుగా అక్కినేని యంగ్ హీరో వెబ్ సిరీస్ ట్రైలర్..|url=https://tv9telugu.com/entertainment/tollywood/pooja-hegde-unveils-akkineni-sushant-ma-nilla-tank-trailer-au51-743637.html|access-date=2022-07-13|website=TV9 Telugu|language=te}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pooja Hegde unveils the trailer of 'Maa Neella Tank' For THIS OTT space! - Beauty Pageants - Indiatimes|url=https://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-india/pooja-hegde-unveils-the-trailer-of-maa-neella-tank-for-this-ott-space/articleshow/92800919.cms|access-date=2022-07-13|website=Femina Miss India}}&lt;/ref&gt; According to the ''[[Times of India]]'', &quot;Sushanth presented a different shade in his acting, portraying the character of a police inspector.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Maa Neella Tank season 1 Review: This Telugu satirical comedy is a missed opportunity|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/telugu/maa-neella-tank/season-1/seasonreview/92903772.cms|work=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2022-07-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Sushanth is set to appear alongside [[Ravi Teja]] in the upcoming film ''[[Ravanasura (film)|Ravanasura]]'', scheduled for release in April 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sushanth's first look from Ravi Teja starrer Ravanasura looks intense; Check out|work=Pinkvilla|access-date=20 November 2022|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/sushanths-first-look-ravi-teja-starrer-ravanasura-looks-intense-check-out-991394?amp}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Filmography==<br /> ===Films===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width:100%;<br /> |+Key<br /> | style=&quot;background:#FFFFCC;&quot;| {{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}<br /> | Denotes films that have not yet been released<br /> |}<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot;<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Title<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Role<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Ref.<br /> |-<br /> | 2008<br /> | ''[[Kalidasu]]''<br /> | Kalidasu<br /> |<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bharatmovies.com/telugu/info/kalidasu.htm |title=Kalidasu. Kalidasu Movie Cast &amp; Crew |publisher=Bharatmovies.com |date=2008-04-11 |accessdate=2012-09-30 |archive-date=16 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816195748/http://www.bharatmovies.com/telugu/info/kalidasu.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2009<br /> | ''[[Current (2009 film)|Current]]''<br /> | Sushanth<br /> |<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/regional/Star-studded-audio-launch-of-Current/articleshow/4607579.cms|title=Star studded audio launch of Sushanth starrer 'Current' |website=The Times of India |date=2 June 2009 |access-date=12 September 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2013<br /> | ''[[Adda (2013 film)|Adda]]''<br /> | Abhi<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2015<br /> | ''[[Dongaata (2015 film)|Dongaata]]''<br /> | Himself<br /> | Special appearances in song &quot;Break Up Antu&quot;<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2016<br /> | ''[[Aatadukundam Raa]]''<br /> | Karthik<br /> |<br /> | <br /> |-<br /> | 2018<br /> | ''[[Chi La Sow]]''<br /> | Arjun<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/chi-la-sow-stars-sushanth-ruhani-sharma-open-up-about-their-upcoming-new-age-romance-drama-4879901.html |title=Chi La Sow stars Sushanth, Ruhani Sharma open up about their upcoming new-age romance drama |date=2 August 2018 |website=Firstpost |language=en |access-date=19 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> |-<br /> | 2020<br /> | ''[[Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo]]'' <br /> | Raj Manohar<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2021<br /> | ''[[Ichata Vahanamulu Niluparadu]]'' <br /> | Arun<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sushanth A and Meenakshi Chaudhary to shoot soon for Ichata Vahanamulu Niluparadu|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/sushanth-a-and-meenakshi-chaudhary-to-shoot-soon-for-ichata-vahanamulu-niluparadu/articleshow/78215220.cms|access-date=2021-07-25|website=The Times of India|date=20 September 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2023<br /> |''[[Ravanasura (film)|Ravanasura]]'' <br /> |Saketh<br /> | <br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/ravi-teja-starrer-ravanasura-will-hit-the-theatres-next-year-on-april-7/articleshow/95071170.cms |title=Ravi Teja and Sushanth starrer 'Ravanasura' will hit the theatres next year on April 7 |work=Economics Times |access-date=15 December 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |''[[Bhola Shankar]]''<br /> | Srikar<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Web series===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot;<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Year<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Title<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Role<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Ref.<br /> |-<br /> | 2022<br /> | ''[[Maa Neella Tank]]''<br /> | Vamsi<br /> |<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Maa Neella Tank : పూజా హెగ్డే చేతులు మీదుగా సుశాంత్ 'మా నీళ్ల ట్యాంక్' ట్రైలర్‌ విడుదల.. జూలై 15 నుంచి స్ట్రీమింగ్.. |url=https://telugu.news18.com/news/movies/maa-neella-tank-web-series-trailer-launch-by-pooja-hegde-zee5s-maa-neella-tank-the-sushanth-priya-anand-series-to-premiere-from-july-15-ta-1362542.html |access-date=2022-07-13 |website=News18 Telugu |date=8 July 2022 |language=te}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Awards and nominations ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Award<br /> ! Category<br /> ! Film<br /> ! Result<br /> ! Ref.<br /> |-<br /> | 2021<br /> | [[20th Santosham Film Awards]]<br /> | [[20th Santosham Film Awards#2020 Main Awards|Best Supporting Actor]] <br /> | ''[[Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo]]''<br /> | {{won}}<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Naresh|script-title=te:సంతోషం - సుమన్ టివి సౌత్ ఇండియన్ ఫిలిం అవార్డ్స్ ప్రమోషన్స్ కి సూపర్ రెస్పాన్స్ |website=Suman TV|url=https://sumantv.com/movies/santhosham-suman-tv-awards-2021-super-response-to-suman-tv-south-indian-film-awards-promotions/47291/|access-date=2021-11-14|language=te}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb name|3118945}}<br /> {{Commons}}<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Akkineni–Daggubati family|Sushanth]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Indian male film actors]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors from Hyderabad, India]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]<br /> [[Category:Telugu male actors]]<br /> [[Category:1986 births]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamnagar_Rural_Assembly_constituency&diff=505575 2026-05-05T09:47:18Z

<p>Igorcaf: Started new details</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Gujarat State, India}}<br /> {{incomplete list|date=June 2025}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Jamnagar Rural<br /> | mla = raghavji bhai patel]]<br /> | party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> | latest_election_year = [[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2022]]<br /> | state = Gujarat<br /> | district = [[Jamnagar district|Jamnagar]]<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Jamnagar Lok Sabha constituency|Jamnagar]]<br /> | established = 1975<br /> | reservation = None<br /> | electors = {{formatnum:253660}}&lt;ref name=election2022&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14750-gujarat-general-legislative-election-2022/ |title=Gujarat General Legislative Election 2022 |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date= 18 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{update after|2028|2}}<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | constituency_no = 77<br /> }}<br /> '''Jamnagar Rural''' is one of the 182 [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Gujarat]] state in [[India]].&lt;ref name=gjceo&gt;{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125011107/http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/PCAC.pdf |url=http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/PCAC.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2014 |title=Parliament / Assembly constituency wise PS &amp; Electors Detail - Draft Roll - 2014 |access-date= 1 June 2021|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |title=Gujarat: Order No. 33: Table-A: Assembly Constituency and Their Extent |date=12 December 2006 |website=Election Commission of India |publisher=Delimitation Commission of India |pages=2–31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015941/http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=12 February 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It is part of [[Jamnagar district|Jamnagar]] district.<br /> <br /> ==List of segments==<br /> This assembly seat represents the following segments,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |title=Gujarat: Order No. 33: Table-A: Assembly Constituency and Their Extent |date=12 December 2006 |website=Election Commission of India |publisher=Delimitation Commission of India |pages=2–31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015941/http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |archive-date= 5 March 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=12 February 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> # Jamnagar Taluka (Part) Villages – Sarmat, Gordhanpar, Khara Beraja, Dhinchda, Rozibet, Nava Nagna, Juna Nagna, Dhunvav, Khijadiya, [[Jambuda]], Sachana, Rampar, Fala, Dhrangda, Khambhalida Nanovas, Khambhalida Motovas, Khijadiya Ravani, Ranjitpar, Khilos, Nani Banugar, Moti Banugar, Shekhpat, Khimrana, Naghedi, Vasai, Bed, Mungani, Gagva, Moti Khavdi, Nani Khavdi, Sapar, Amra, Ravalsar, Lakha Baval, Kansumara, Morkanda, Theba, Hapa, Bada, Suryapara, Lakhani Motovas, Lakhani Nanovas, Tamachan, Jamvanathali, Chavda, Moda, Gangajala, Alia, Mota Thavariya, Khimaliya, Dared, Masitiya, Champa Beraja, Jivapar, Gaduka, Balambhdi, Dodhiya, Vav Beraja, Chela, Dadiya, Mokhana, Suvarda, Vijarkhi, Sapda, Beraja, Jaga, Varna, Virpar, Veratiya, Khara Vedha, Sumri (Dhutarpar), Dhudasiya, Dhutarpar, Medi, Nani Matli, Pasaya, Modpar, Fachariya, Miyatra, Harshadpar, Naranpar, Changa, Chandragadh, Khoja Beraja, Lonthiya, Bavariya, Lavadiya, Naghuna, Nana Thavariya, Hadmatiya, Matva, Moti Bhalsan, Sumri (Bhalsan), Konza, Makvana, Dhandha, Chandraga, Vaniyagam, Vagadiya, Valupir (Kado), Vokatiyo (Kado), Gujh (Kado), Pirotan (Bet), Ravan (Kado), Magariyo (Kado), Panjavo (Kado), Kalyan (Kado), Idariyo (Kado), Dhokad (Kado), Sachana Megharva (Kado), Sikka (CT), [[Digvijaygram]] (CT), Bedi (CT), Vibhapar.<br /> # Jodiya Taluka (Part) Villages – Jodiya, Badanpar (Jodiya), Kunad, Khavral (Kado), Balachadi, Khiri, Hadiyana, Baradi, Beraja, Vavdi, Nesda, Limbuda, Anada, Bhadra, Lakhtar.<br /> <br /> ==Members of Legislative Assembly==<br /> * 2007 - [[Laljibhai Solanki]], [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> * 2012 - [[Raghavji Patel]], [[Indian National Congress]]<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> !Year<br /> !Member<br /> !Picture<br /> !colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Party<br /> |-<br /> |[[2017 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2017]] <br /> | [[Vallabh Dharaviya]]&lt;ref name=election2017/&gt; ||<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> |2019 by-election&lt;ref name=&quot;BJP wins all 4 assembly bypolls in Gujarat, tally crosses 1002&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=The Economic Times|title=BJP wins all 4 assembly bypolls in Gujarat, tally crosses 100|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/bjp-wins-all-4-assembly-bypolls-in-gujarat-tally-crosses-100/articleshow/69478626.cms?from=mdr|accessdate=2 October 2023|date=24 May 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002181015/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/bjp-wins-all-4-assembly-bypolls-in-gujarat-tally-crosses-100/articleshow/69478626.cms?from=mdr|archivedate=2 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Raghavji Patel]] || rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party |rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2022]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gujarat election result 2022: Full list of winners constituency-wise&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/elections/gujarat-assembly-election/gujarat-assembly-election-results-2022-winners-list-live-bjp-congress-aap-leading-trailing-candidate-ghatlodia-morbi-rajkot-west-gandhinagar-north-porbandar-kutiyana-mehsana-anand-chhota-udaipur-st-bharuch-bhavnagar-rural-vadgam-sc-unjha-101670465659710.html|title=Gujarat election result 2022: Full list of winners constituency-wise|last1=Hindustan Times|date=8 December 2022|accessdate=18 September 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918064121/https://www.hindustantimes.com/elections/gujarat-assembly-election/gujarat-assembly-election-results-2022-winners-list-live-bjp-congress-aap-leading-trailing-candidate-ghatlodia-morbi-rajkot-west-gandhinagar-north-porbandar-kutiyana-mehsana-anand-chhota-udaipur-st-bharuch-bhavnagar-rural-vadgam-sc-unjha-101670465659710.html|archivedate=18 September 2023|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gujarat Election Results 2022: Full list of winners &amp; constituencies&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/gujarat-election-results-2022-full-list-of-winners-constituencies/articleshow/96105904.cms|title=Gujarat Election Results 2022: Full list of winners &amp; constituencies|last1=The Times of India|date=9 December 2022|accessdate=18 September 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918064055/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/gujarat-election-results-2022-full-list-of-winners-constituencies/articleshow/96105904.cms|archivedate=18 September 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> <br /> === 2022 ===<br /> &lt;!-- this section is transcluded on Electoral history of the MLA--&gt;&lt;section begin=&quot;Assembly Election 2022&quot;/&gt; <br /> {{Election box begin|<br /> |title=[[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|Gujarat Assembly election, 2022]]:Jamnagar Rural Assembly constituency }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = [[Raghavji Patel]]<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |votes = 79439<br /> |percentage = 48.8<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = Prakash Dhirubhai Donga<br /> |party = Aam Aadmi Party<br /> |votes = 31939<br /> |percentage = 19.62<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = Kasam Nurmamad Khafi<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |votes = 29162<br /> |percentage = 17.91<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = Ahir Jivanbhai K. Kumbharvadiya <br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |votes = 18737<br /> |percentage = 11.51<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above]]<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |votes = 2285<br /> |percentage = 1.4<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority|<br /> |votes = 47,500<br /> |percentage = 29.18<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout|<br /> |votes = <br /> |percentage = <br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors<br /> |reg. electors = {{formatnum:248463}} <br /> |ref=&lt;ref name=&quot;Gujarat Elections ECI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Gujarat Legislative Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/72-gujarat/ |website=Election Commission of India |access-date=18 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link|<br /> |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |loser = <br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}&lt;section end=&quot;Assembly Election 2022&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ===[[2019 elections in India|By Election-2019]]===<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin | title=By-election, 2019: Jamnagar Rural}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = Raghavjibhai Hansrajbhai Patel<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |votes =88,254<br /> |percentage = 58.14<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate =Jayantibhai Sabhaya<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |votes = 55,232<br /> |percentage =36.39<br /> <br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate =[[None of the above]]<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |votes = 2,215<br /> |percentage =1.46<br /> <br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority|<br /> |votes =33,022<br /> |percentage = 21.75<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout|<br /> |votes = 1,51,796<br /> |percentage = 65.50<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link|<br /> <br /> |loser = Indian National Congress<br /> |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |swing =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2017===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2017 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election]]: Jamnagar Rural&lt;ref name=election2017&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3841-gujarat-general-legislative-election-2017/ |title=Gujarat General Legislative Election 2017 |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date= 11 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = Dharaviya Vallabhbhai Veljibhai<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |votes = 70,750<br /> |percentage = 47.79<br /> <br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = Patel Raghavjibhai Hansarajbhai<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |votes = 64,353<br /> |percentage = 43.47<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate |<br /> |candidate = Gori Ali Mamadbhai<br /> |party = [[Independent politician|IND]]<br /> |votes = 2,423<br /> |percentage = 1.64<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = None of the above<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |votes = 1,523<br /> |percentage = 1.03<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority|<br /> |votes = 6,397<br /> |percentage = 1.03<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout|<br /> |votes = 1,48,152<br /> |percentage = 66.28<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link|<br /> <br /> |winner = Indian National Congress<br /> |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |swing =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2012===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2012 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Jamnagar|Jamnagar Rural]]}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Detail_Report_AC2012.pdf |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2012 to the Legislative Assembly of Gujarat |access-date=29 December 2015 |archive-date=26 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126215052/http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Detail_Report_AC2012.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = [[Raghavji Patel]]<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |votes = 60,499<br /> |percentage = 44.73<br /> <br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = Ranchhodbhai Patel<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |votes = 57,195<br /> |percentage = 42.30<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|<br /> |candidate = Dodepautra Jusabbhai Hajibhai<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |votes = 4,875<br /> |percentage = 3.61<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority|<br /> |votes = 3,304 <br /> |percentage = 2.44<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout|<br /> |votes = 1,35,227<br /> |percentage = 72.64<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link|<br /> <br /> |winner = Indian National Congress<br /> |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |swing =<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{cite web |title=Results of Gujarat Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/72-gujarat/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}<br /> <br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Gujarat}}<br /> {{Jamnagar district}}<br /> <br /> {{coord|22.37|70.08|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Gujarat]]<br /> [[Category:Jamnagar district]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Gujarat]]<br /> [[Category:Jamnagar]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1975]]<br /> [[Category:1975 establishments in Gujarat]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Khan_(colonel)&diff=518791 2026-05-03T01:54:47Z

<p>Igorcaf: Put up new post</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Pakistani army colonel and writer (1910–1999)}}<br /> {{EngvarB|date=November 2015}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}<br /> {{more citations needed|date=February 2009}}<br /> {{Infobox military person<br /> | honorific_prefix = Colonel<br /> | name = Muhammad Khan<br /> | native_name = کرنل محمد خان<br /> | native_name_lang = urd<br /> | birth_date = 1910<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1999|10|23|1910}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Chakwal]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British India]]&lt;br/&gt;{{small|(now Punjab, Pakistan)}}<br /> | death_place = [[Chakwal]], Punjab, Pakistan<br /> | image = <br /> | caption = <br /> | nickname = Colonel M. Khan<br /> | allegiance = {{flag|British India}} {{small|(1930–1947)}}&lt;br/&gt;{{PAK}} {{small|(1947–1972)}}<br /> | branch = {{flagicon|British India|army}} [[British Indian Army]] &lt;br/&gt;{{Army|PAK}}<br /> | service_years = 1930–1972<br /> | rank = [[File:OF-5 Pakistan Army.svg|20px]] [[Colonel]]<br /> | commands = <br /> | unit = [[Indian Army Corps of Signals]], [[Structure of the Pakistan Army|Pakistan Army Education Corps]]<br /> | battles = {{plainlist|<br /> * [[Second World War]]<br /> * [[Indonesian National Revolution]]<br /> * [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947]]<br /> * [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]]<br /> * [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]<br /> }}<br /> | awards = <br /> | other_work = Novelist and humorist<br /> | alma_mater = Islamia College, Lahore<br /> }}<br /> ''' Muhammad Khan''' (1910 – 23 October 1999) was a Pakistani author and [[Pakistan Army|army officer]]. He also served in the [[British Indian Army]] during the [[British Raj]] and was a veteran of [[World War II]]. While serving in [[Pakistan Army]], he wrote his first book ''Bajung Aamad'' ({{langx|ur|بجنگ آمد}}) which was a humorous autobiography. This book became extremely popular and one of the most famous books in Urdu literature. The success of his first book earned him critically acclaimed prominence among Urdu humorists and he is considered one of the most influential authors of this genre, along with [[Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi]], [[Zamir Jafri]], and [[Shafiq-ur-Rahman (humorist)|Shafiq-ur-Rahman]].&lt;ref&gt;Daily Jung, 24 October 1999&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He is mostly known as ''Colonel Muhammad Khan'' to distinguish him from other bearers of this common name, despite his efforts to be recognised by his [[birth name]]. Later editions of his books show his name as just ''Muhammad Khan''.<br /> <br /> ==Biography==<br /> He was born as Muhammad Khan in the village of [[Balkassar|Balkasar]] which is a part of the city of [[Chakwal]]. He studied in [[Islamia College (Lahore)|Islamia College, Lahore]] and when [[World War II]] broke out, he joined the [[British Indian Army]]. He served in Iraq, Egypt, [[Mandatory Palestine|Palestine]] and in the [[Western Desert Campaign|Western Desert]] during the [[Second World War]], where he valorously fought against the Germans.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1052238|title=Colonel Muhammad Khan: a humorist who could laugh at misery|first=Rauf|last=Parekh|date=28 October 2013|website=Dawn}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He rose to fame when he surprised the literary circles through his book ''[[Bajung Aamad]]''. It was an autobiographical account of his life as a soldier in World War II. In 1974, he went on a tour of the UK and later published his account of the UK tour in ''Basalamat Ravi''. Later he published another book, ''Bazam Arayan'', a collection of semi autobiographical [[short story|short stories]].<br /> <br /> ==Books==<br /> *''Bajang Aamad''<br /> *''Basalamat Ravi''<br /> *''Bazam Araiyan''<br /> *''Badesi Mazah''<br /> *''Tasneefat-e-Kernal Muhammad Khan''<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Muhammad}}<br /> [[Category:1910 births]]<br /> [[Category:1999 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Indian Army personnel of World War II]]<br /> [[Category:Pakistan Army colonels]]<br /> [[Category:People from Chakwal District]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Pakistani writers]]<br /> [[Category:British Indian Army officers]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{pakistan-writer-stub}}<br /> {{Pakistan-mil-bio-stub}}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Uttar_Pradesh&diff=496124 2026-04-30T02:59:11Z

<p>Igorcaf: new new data</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|None}}<br /> {{pp-semi-indef}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}<br /> <br /> The '''demographics of Uttar Pradesh''' is a complex topic, which is undergoing dynamic change. [[Uttar Pradesh]] is India's most populous state, and the largest subdivision in the world. It has a population of about 199,812,341&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India|last=ORGI|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=2018-02-14|archive-date=10 May 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060510061218/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; as per the 2011 census. If it were a separate country, Uttar Pradesh would be the world's fifth most populous nation, next only to China, the rest of India, the United States of America and Indonesia. Uttar Pradesh has a population more than that of [[Pakistan]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/704841|title=North India and south Pakistan|date=23 March 2012|access-date=4 January 2017|archive-date=4 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104164054/http://www.dawn.com/news/704841|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; There is an average population density of 828 persons per km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; i.e. 2,146 per sq mi. The capital of Uttar Pradesh is [[Lucknow]], and [[Prayagraj]] serves as the state’s judicial capital. Hindus and Muslims both consider the state as a holy place.<br /> <br /> The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as [[Agaria]], [[Baiga (tribe)|Baiga]], [[Bhar]], Bhoksa, [[Bind (tribe)|Bind]], [[Chero]], [[Gondi people|Gond]], [[Kol people|Kol]] and [[Korwa people|Korwa]]. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged [[scheduled tribe]]s, viz. [[Tharu people|Tharu]]s, [[Boksa (tribe)|Boksa]]s, [[Bhotia people|Bhotias]], Jaunswaris and [[Raji people|Rajis]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII edited by A Hasan &amp; J C Das, Manohar Publications&lt;/ref&gt; The literacy rate of the state according to the 2011 Census is 70.69%. With the literacy rate for Males at 79.20%, while it is 59.30% for the Females. While this is still below the national average of 74.04% (82.14% for men, 65.16% for women) the rate of growth has been much higher in Uttar Pradesh as compared to the rest of India.<br /> <br /> == District ==<br /> As of the 2011 census, [[Prayagraj district|Prayagraj]] is the most populous district of Uttar Pradesh while [[Mahoba district|Mahoba]] being the least populated. Only 3 districts of [[Jaunpur district|Jaunpur]], [[Azamgarh district|Azamgarh]] and [[Deoria district|Deoria]] have a [[human sex ratio|sex ratio]] greater than 1000 while [[Gautam Budh Nagar district|Gautam Buddha Nagar]] stands lowest in the tally with a very low ratio of 851. On the contrary, Gautam Buddha Nagar scores highest in [[literacy rate]] at 80.12% and [[Kanpur Nagar district|Kanpur Nagar]] 2nd at 79.54%, while both being the poorest districts in terms of sex-ratio, depicting a negative-[[Correlation and dependence|correlation]] among literacy and sex-ratio in this case. The districts of [[Shravasti district|Srawasti]], [[Bahraich district|Bahraich]] and [[Balrampur district, Uttar Pradesh|Balrampur]] have yet to cross the 50% literacy mark.<br /> <br /> The following table enumerates population, sex-ratio and literacy rates for each district of Uttar Pradesh:<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable mw-collapsible&quot;<br /> |+District-wise demographics of Uttar Pradesh (2011 Census)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |District !! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Population !! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Sex ratio!! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Literacy <br /> |-<br /> ! Total !! Male !! Female !! Total !! Male !! Female<br /> |-<br /> | Gautam Buddha Nagar || 1648115 || 890214 || 757901 || 851 || 0.8012 || 0.8806 || 0.7082<br /> |-<br /> | Kanpur Nagar || 4581268 || 2459806 || 2121462 || 862 || 0.7965 || 0.8362 || 0.7505<br /> |-<br /> | Auraiya || 1379545 || 740040 || 639505 || 864 || 0.7895 || 0.8611 || 0.7061<br /> |-<br /> | Etawah || 1581810 || 845856 || 735954 || 870 || 0.7841 || 0.8606 || 0.6961<br /> |-<br /> | Ghaziabad || 4681645 || 2488834 || 2192811 || 881 || 0.7807 || 0.8542 || 0.6979<br /> |-<br /> | Lucknow || 4589838 || 2394476 || 2195362 || 917 || 0.7729 || 0.8256 || 0.7154<br /> |-<br /> | Mainpuri || 1868529 || 993377 || 875152 || 881 || 0.7599 || 0.8453 || 0.663<br /> |-<br /> | Kanpur Dehat || 1796184 || 963255 || 832929 || 865 || 0.7578 || 0.8345 || 0.6686<br /> |-<br /> | Varanasi || 3676841 || 1921857 || 1754984 || 913 || 0.756 || 0.8378 || 0.6669<br /> |-<br /> | Jhansi || 1998603 || 1057436 || 941167 || 890 || 0.7505 || 0.8538 || 0.6349<br /> |-<br /> | Jaunpur || 4494204 || 2220465 || 2273739 || 1024 || 0.74 || 0.838 || 0.5981<br /> |-<br /> | Jalaun || 1689974 || 906092 || 783882 || 865 || 0.7375 || 0.8348 || 0.6246<br /> |-<br /> | Mau || 2205968 || 1114709 || 1091259 || 979 || 0.7309 || 0.8245 || 0.6363<br /> |-<br /> | Meerut || 3443689 || 1825743 || 1617946 || 886 || 0.7284 || 0.8074 || 0.6398<br /> |-<br /> | Kannauj || 1656616 || 881776 || 774840 || 879 || 0.727 || 0.8091 || 0.6333<br /> |-<br /> | Prayagraj || 5954391 || 3131807 || 2822584 || 901 || 0.7232 || 0.8255 || 0.6099<br /> |-<br /> | Ambedkar Nagar || 2397888 || 1212410 || 1185478 || 978 || 0.7223 || 0.8166 || 0.6266<br /> |-<br /> | Baghpat || 1303048 || 700070 || 602978 || 861 || 0.7201 || 0.8245 || 0.5995<br /> |-<br /> | Firozabad || 2498156 || 1332046 || 1166110 || 875 || 0.7192 || 0.8082 || 0.6175<br /> |-<br /> | Ghazipur || 3620268 || 1855075 || 1765193 || 952 || 0.7178 || 0.828 || 0.6029<br /> |-<br /> | Mahamaya Nagar (Hathras) || 1564708 || 836127 || 728581 || 871 || 0.7159 || 0.8238 || 0.5923<br /> |-<br /> | Agra || 4418797 || 2364953 || 2053844 || 868 || 0.7158 || 0.8062 || 0.6118<br /> |-<br /> | Chandauli || 1952756 || 1017905 || 934851 || 918 || 0.7148 || 0.8172 || 0.6035<br /> |-<br /> | Deoria || 3100946 || 1537436 || 1563510 || 1017 || 0.7113 || 0.8327 || 0.5938<br /> |-<br /> | Ballia || 3239774 || 1672902 || 1566872 || 937 || 0.7094 || 0.8149 || 0.5975<br /> |-<br /> | Azamgarh || 4613913 || 2285004 || 2328909 || 1019 || 0.7093 || 0.8134 || 0.6091<br /> |-<br /> | Gorakhpur || 4440895 || 2277777 || 2163118 || 950 || 0.7083 || 0.818 || 0.5936<br /> |-<br /> | Etah || 1774480 || 947339 || 827141 || 873 || 0.7081 || 0.8128 || 0.588<br /> |-<br /> | Saharanpur || 3466382 || 1834106 || 1632276 || 890 || 0.7049 || 0.7828 || 0.6174<br /> |-<br /> | Mathura || 2547184 || 1367125 || 1180059 || 863 || 0.7036 || 0.8197 || 0.5689<br /> |-<br /> | Pratapgarh || 3209141 || 1606085 || 1603056 || 998 || 0.7009 || 0.8188 || 0.5845<br /> |-<br /> | Sultanpur || 3797117 || 1914586 || 1882531 || 983 || 0.6927 || 0.8019 || 0.5828<br /> |-<br /> | Muzaffarnagar || 4143512 || 2193434 || 1950078 || 889 || 0.6912 || 0.7844 || 0.5869<br /> |-<br /> | Farrukhabad || 1885204 || 1006240 || 878964 || 874 || 0.6904 || 0.774 || 0.5944<br /> |-<br /> | Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi) || 1578213 || 807099 || 771114 || 955 || 0.6897 || 0.8147 || 0.5603<br /> |-<br /> | Bulandshahr || 3499171 || 1845260 || 1653911 || 896 || 0.6888 || 0.8093 || 0.5557<br /> |-<br /> | Hamirpur || 1104285 || 593537 || 510748 || 861 || 0.6877 || 0.7976 || 0.5595<br /> |-<br /> | Faizabad || 2470996 || 1259628 || 1211368 || 962 || 0.6873 || 0.7812 || 0.5903<br /> |-<br /> | Mirzapur || 2496970 || 1312302 || 1184668 || 903 || 0.6848 || 0.7897 || 0.5686<br /> |-<br /> | Bijnor || 3682713 || 1921215 || 1761498 || 917 || 0.6848 || 0.7656 || 0.5972<br /> |-<br /> | Aligarh || 3673889 || 1951996 || 1721893 || 882 || 0.6751 || 0.7797 || 0.5568<br /> |-<br /> | Fatehpur || 2632733 || 1384722 || 1248011 || 901 || 0.6743 || 0.7719 || 0.5658<br /> |-<br /> | Rae Bareli || 3405559 || 1752542 || 1653017 || 943 || 0.6725 || 0.7763 || 0.5629<br /> |-<br /> | Basti || 2464464 || 1255272 || 1209192 || 963 || 0.6722 || 0.7788 || 0.5623<br /> |-<br /> | Sant Kabir Nagar || 1715183 || 869656 || 845527 || 972 || 0.6672 || 0.7839 || 0.548<br /> |-<br /> | Banda || 1799410 || 965876 || 833534 || 863 || 0.6667 || 0.7778 || 0.5367<br /> |-<br /> | Unnao || 3108367 || 1630087 || 1478280 || 907 || 0.6637 || 0.7505 || 0.5676<br /> |-<br /> | Mahoba || 875958 || 466358 || 409600 || 878 || 0.6527 || 0.7583 || 0.5322<br /> |-<br /> | Kushinagar || 3564544 || 1818055 || 1746489 || 961 || 0.6525 || 0.7771 || 0.5236<br /> |-<br /> | Chitrakoot || 991730 || 527721 || 464009 || 879 || 0.6505 || 0.758 || 0.5274<br /> |-<br /> | Hardoi || 4092845 || 2191442 || 1901403 || 868 || 0.6457 || 0.7439 || 0.5319<br /> |-<br /> | Sonbhadra || 1862559 || 971344 || 891215 || 918 || 0.6403 || 0.7492 || 0.5214<br /> |-<br /> | Jyotiba Phule Nagar (Amroha) || 1840221 || 963449 || 876772 || 910 || 0.6384 || 0.7454 || 0.521<br /> |-<br /> | Lalitpur || 1221592 || 641011 || 580581 || 906 || 0.6352 || 0.7498 || 0.5084<br /> |-<br /> | Mahrajganj || 2684703 || 1381754 || 1302949 || 943 || 0.6276 || 0.7585 || 0.4892<br /> |-<br /> | Bara Banki || 3260699 || 1707073 || 1553626 || 910 || 0.6175 || 0.7027 || 0.5234<br /> |-<br /> | Pilibhit || 2031007 || 1072002 || 959005 || 895 || 0.6147 || 0.717 || 0.5<br /> |-<br /> | Kaushambi || 1599596 || 838485 || 761111 || 908 || 0.6128 || 0.7278 || 0.4856<br /> |-<br /> | Sitapur || 4483992 || 2375264 || 2108728 || 888 || 0.6112 || 0.7031 || 0.5067<br /> |-<br /> | Kanshiram Nagar (Kasganj) || 1436719 || 764165 || 672554 || 880 || 0.6102 || 0.7156 || 0.49<br /> |-<br /> | Kheri || 4021243 || 2123187 || 1898056 || 894 || 0.6056 || 0.6957 || 0.5042<br /> |-<br /> | Shahjahanpur || 3006538 || 1606403 || 1400135 || 872 || 0.5954 || 0.6818 || 0.4957<br /> |-<br /> | Siddharthnagar || 2559297 || 1295095 || 1264202 || 976 || 0.5925 || 0.7092 || 0.4741<br /> |-<br /> | Gonda || 3433919 || 1787146 || 1646773 || 921 || 0.5871 || 0.6941 || 0.4709<br /> |-<br /> | Bareilly || 4448359 || 2357665 || 2090694 || 887 || 0.5849 || 0.675 || 0.483<br /> |-<br /> | Moradabad || 4772006 || 2503186 || 2268820 || 906 || 0.5677 || 0.6483 || 0.4786<br /> |-<br /> | Rampur || 2335819 || 1223889 || 1111930 || 909 || 0.5334 || 0.614 || 0.4444<br /> |-<br /> | Budaun || 3681896 || 1967759 || 1714137 || 871 || 0.5129 || 0.6098 || 0.4009<br /> |-<br /> | Balrampur || 2148665 || 1114721 || 1033944 || 928 || 0.4951 || 0.5973 || 0.3843<br /> |-<br /> | Bahraich || 3487731 || 1843884 || 1643847 || 892 || 0.4936 || 0.5834 || 0.3918<br /> |-<br /> | Shrawasti || 1117361 || 593897 || 523464 || 881 || 0.4674 || 0.5716 || 0.3478<br /> |- class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;<br /> ! Uttar Pradesh || 199812341 || 104480510 || 95331831 || 912 || 0.6768 || 0.7728 || 0.5718<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Rank of districts===<br /> {{Historical populations<br /> | title= Population Growth<br /> | 1951| 60274000<br /> | 1961| 70144000<br /> | 1971| 83849000<br /> | 1981| 105137000<br /> | 1991| 132062000<br /> | 2001| 166198000<br /> | 2011| 199581477<br /> | 2018| 227920005<br /> | source=Census of India&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/DATA_FILES/Final%20PPT%202011_12.PDF |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-04-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409075417/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/DATA_FILES/Final%20PPT%202011_12.PDF |archive-date=9 April 2011 |df=dmy }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Following rankings are as per Population Census 2011.&lt;ref name=&quot;census2011.co.in&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/census/state/districtlist/uttar%20pradesh.html|title=List of districts of Uttar Pradesh|access-date=16 July 2017|archive-date=21 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921155400/http://www.census2011.co.in/census/state/districtlist/uttar%20pradesh.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ;By area<br /> # [[Lakhimpur Kheri]] - 8,780<br /> # [[Sonbhadra]] - 6,999<br /> # [[Hardoi district|Hardoi]] - 5,986<br /> # [[Bahraich district|Bahraich]] - 5,745<br /> # [[Sitapur district|Sitapur]] - 5,743<br /> <br /> ;By population<br /> # [[Allahabad district|Allahabad]] - 5,954,391<br /> # [[Moradabad district|Moradabad]] - 4,772,006<br /> # [[Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh|Ghaziabad]] - 4,681,645<br /> # [[Azamgarh district|Azamgarh]] - 4,613,913<br /> # [[Lucknow district|Lucknow]] - 4,589,838<br /> # [[Kanpur Nagar district|Kanpur Nagar]] - 4,581,268<br /> # [[Jaunpur district|Jaunpur]] - 4,494,204<br /> # [[Sitapur district|Sitapur]] - 4,483,992<br /> # [[Bareilly district|Bareilly]] - 4,448,359<br /> # [[Gorakhpur district|Gorakhpur]] - 4,440,895<br /> <br /> ==== By population density ====<br /> # [[Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh|Ghaziabad]] - 1995<br /> # [[Varanasi district|Varanasi]] - 1954<br /> # [[Lucknow district|Lucknow]] - 1456<br /> # [[Sant Ravidas Nagar district|Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi)]] - 1409<br /> # [[Kanpur Nagar district|Kanpur Nagar]] - 1369<br /> <br /> ==== By literacy ====<br /> # [[Gautam Budh Nagar district|Gautam Budha Nagar(Noida)]] - 80.12%<br /> # [[Kanpur Nagar district|Kanpur Nagar]] - 79.65%<br /> # [[Auraiya district|Auraiya]] - 78.95%<br /> # [[Etawah district|Etawah]] - 78.41%<br /> # [[Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh|Ghaziabad]] - 78.07%<br /> <br /> ==== By sex ratio ====<br /> # [[Jaunpur district|Jaunpur]] - 1024<br /> # [[Azamgarh district|Azamgarh]] - 1018<br /> # [[Deoria district|Deoria]] - 1003<br /> # [[Mau district|Mau]] - 984<br /> # [[Pratapgarh district, Uttar Pradesh|Pratapgarh]] - 982<br /> # [[Ambedkar Nagar]] - 978<br /> # [[Faizabad]] - 972<br /> # [[Sultanpur district|Sultanpur]] - 965<br /> # [[Basti district|Basti]] - 963<br /> # [[Sant Kabir Nagar]] - 960<br /> <br /> == Religion ==<br /> In Uttar Pradesh the religion-wise percentage of population is [[Hindu]]s 79.7, [[Muslim]]s 19.3, [[Sikh]]s 0.3, [[Christians]] 0.2, [[Jainism|Jains]] 0.1, [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] 0.1 while 0.3 of people have other religion or didn't state one.&lt;ref name=&quot;census2011.co.in&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS C1 - Population by religious community, Uttar Pradesh.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927145844/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS |date=27 September 2015 }} Census India 2017. Retrieved 14 February 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;<br /> |+ Religion in Uttar Pradesh<br /> !Religion !! 2001&lt;ref name=&quot;religion1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_data_finder/C_Series/Population_by_religious_communities.htm|title=Total population by religious communities|publisher=Censusindia.gov.in|access-date=20 November 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119031333/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_data_finder/C_Series/Population_by_religious_communities.htm|archive-date=19 January 2008|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; !! 2011&lt;ref name=&quot;religion2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|publisher=Census Department, Government of India|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html|title=Indian Census 2011|access-date=25 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913045700/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|archive-date=13 September 2015|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | Hinduism || 133,979,263 || 159,312,654<br /> |-<br /> | Islam || 30,740,158 || 38,483,967<br /> |-<br /> | Sikhism || 678,059 || 643,500<br /> |-<br /> | Christianity || 212,578 || 356,448<br /> |-<br /> | Jainism || 207,111 || 213,267<br /> |-<br /> | Buddhism || 302,031 || 206,285<br /> |-<br /> | Other || 9,281 || 13,598<br /> |-<br /> | Not stated || n/a || 582,622<br /> |-<br /> | Total || 166,197,921 || 199,812,341<br /> |}<br /> <br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;<br /> |+ Religion in Uttar Pradesh (%)<br /> !Religion !! 2001&lt;ref name=&quot;religion1&quot;/&gt; !! 2011&lt;ref name=&quot;religion1&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | Hinduism || 80.61 || 79.73<br /> |-<br /> | Islam || 18.42 || 19.26<br /> |-<br /> | Sikhism || 0.41 || 0.32<br /> |-<br /> | Christianity || 0.13 || 0.18<br /> |-<br /> | Jainism || 0.12 || 0.11<br /> |-<br /> | Buddhism || 0.18 || 0.10<br /> |-<br /> | Other || &gt;0.01 || &gt;0.01<br /> |-<br /> | Not stated || n/a || 0.29<br /> |}<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Religion-wise demographics of UP (2011 Census)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Religion<br /> ! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |<br /> <br /> === Population ===<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |<br /> <br /> === [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]] ===<br /> ! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |<br /> <br /> === [[Literacy in India|Literacy rate]] ===<br /> {{efn-lr|For Literacy rate, population aged 7 and above only is considered in India. }}<br /> |-<br /> !&lt;small&gt;Male&lt;/small&gt;<br /> !&lt;small&gt;Female&lt;/small&gt;<br /> !&lt;small&gt;Total&lt;/small&gt;<br /> !&lt;small&gt;Male&lt;/small&gt;<br /> !&lt;small&gt;Female&lt;/small&gt;<br /> !&lt;small&gt;Total&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |- 2011 Data<br /> |Hindu<br /> |83,555,724<br /> |75,756,930<br /> |159,312,654<br /> |907<br /> |79.73%<br /> |58.61%<br /> |69.68%<br /> |-<br /> |Muslim<br /> |19,867,314<br /> |18,616,653<br /> |38,483,967<br /> |937<br /> |66.42%<br /> |50.59%<br /> |58.76%<br /> |-<br /> |Christian<br /> |182,838<br /> |173,610<br /> |356,448<br /> |950<br /> |79.44%<br /> |67.54%<br /> |73.63%<br /> |-<br /> |Sikh<br /> |341,451<br /> |302,049<br /> |643,500<br /> |885<br /> |84.91%<br /> |73.15%<br /> |79.35%<br /> |-<br /> |Buddhist<br /> |107,424<br /> |98,861<br /> |206,285<br /> |920<br /> |79.19%<br /> |57.07%<br /> |68.59%<br /> |-<br /> |Jain<br /> |110,994<br /> |102,273<br /> |213,267<br /> |921<br /> |95.81%<br /> |92.16%<br /> |94.05%<br /> |-<br /> |Other religions and persuasions<br /> |7,070<br /> |6,528<br /> |13,598<br /> |923<br /> |80.18%<br /> |61.30%<br /> |71.11%<br /> |-<br /> |Religion not stated<br /> |307,695<br /> |274,927<br /> |582,622<br /> |894<br /> |78.37%<br /> |60.84%<br /> |70.01%<br /> |-class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;<br /> |'''Uttar Pradesh'''<br /> |'''104,480,510'''<br /> |'''95,331,831'''<br /> |'''199,812,341'''<br /> |'''912'''<br /> |'''77.28%'''<br /> |'''57.18%'''<br /> |'''67.68%'''<br /> |-class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;<br /> | colspan=&quot;8&quot; |&lt;small&gt;{{notelist-lr|close=1}}&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === District-wise religious population ===<br /> Population count for each district (with percentages{{efn-lr|Percentages are calculated out of total population for respective district, depicting the share of a religion's population in that district.}}) as per 2011 Census.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;<br /> |+<br /> District-wise religious population<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;District&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;Buddhist&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;Christian&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;Hindu&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;Jain&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;Muslim&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;Sikh&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;Other religions&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;Religion not stated&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;District Population&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> !&lt;small&gt;Count&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;%&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;Count&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;%&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;Count&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;%&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;Count&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;%&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;Count&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;%&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;Count&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;%&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;Count&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;%&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;Count&lt;/small&gt;||&lt;small&gt;%&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | '''Agra''' || 4,049 || 0.09% || 10,076 || 0.23% || 3,922,718 || 88.77% || 21,508 || 0.49% || 411,313 || 9.31% || 12,057 || 0.27% || 384 || 0.01% || 36,692 || 0.83% || '''4,418,797'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Aligarh''' || 2,582 || 0.07% || 7,635 || 0.21% || 2,904,140 || 79.05% || 2,805 || 0.08% || 729,283 || 19.85% || 5,875 || 0.16% || 91 || 0.00% || 21,478 || 0.58% || '''3,673,889'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Allahabad''' || 4,391 || 0.07% || 13,782 || 0.23% || 5,102,041 || 85.69% || 2,247 || 0.04% || 796,756 || 13.38% || 4,377 || 0.07% || 305 || 0.01% || 30,492 || 0.51% || '''5,954,391'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Ambedkar Nagar''' || 1,817 || 0.08% || 2,536 || 0.11% || 1,985,654 || 82.81% || 235 || 0.01% || 401,678 || 16.75% || 869 || 0.04% || 33 || 0.00% || 5,066 || 0.21% || '''2,397,888'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Auraiya''' || 332 || 0.02% || 1,004 || 0.07% || 1,273,546 || 92.32% || 228 || 0.02% || 101,963 || 7.39% || 371 || 0.03% || 444 || 0.03% || 1,657 || 0.12% || '''1,379,545'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Azamgarh''' || 5,652 || 0.12% || 3,810 || 0.08% || 3,878,626 || 84.06% || 183 || 0.00% || 718,692 || 15.58% || 719 || 0.02% || 226 || 0.00% || 6,005 || 0.13% || '''4,613,913'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Baghpat''' || 161 || 0.01% || 1,840 || 0.14% || 917,474 || 70.41% || 16,139 || 1.24% || 364,583 || 27.98% || 483 || 0.04% || 25 || 0.00% || 2,343 || 0.18% || '''1,303,048'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Bahraich''' || 2,793 || 0.08% || 6,400 || 0.18% || 2,291,892 || 65.71% || 1,177 || 0.03% || 1,169,330 || 33.53% || 8,212 || 0.24% || 38 || 0.00% || 7,889 || 0.23% || '''3,487,731'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Ballia''' || 1,595 || 0.05% || 4,463 || 0.14% || 3,004,240 || 92.73% || 233 || 0.01% || 213,440 || 6.59% || 892 || 0.03% || 64 || 0.00% || 14,847 || 0.46% || '''3,239,774'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Balrampur''' || 1,866 || 0.09% || 3,228 || 0.15% || 1,333,242 || 62.05% || 198 || 0.01% || 805,975 || 37.51% || 900 || 0.04% || 87 || 0.00% || 3,169 || 0.15% || '''2,148,665'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Banda''' || 168 || 0.01% || 1,367 || 0.08% || 1,637,549 || 91.00% || 916 || 0.05% || 157,612 || 8.76% || 231 || 0.01% || 50 || 0.00% || 1,517 || 0.08% || '''1,799,410'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Bara Banki''' || 1,553 || 0.05% || 4,857 || 0.15% || 2,505,444 || 76.84% || 3,016 || 0.09% || 737,106 || 22.61% || 2,090 || 0.06% || 211 || 0.01% || 6,422 || 0.20% || '''3,260,699'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Bareilly''' || 4,371 || 0.10% || 14,822 || 0.33% || 2,830,768 || 63.64% || 931 || 0.02% || 1,536,534 || 34.54% || 28,187 || 0.63% || 339 || 0.01% || 32,407 || 0.73% || '''4,448,359'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Basti''' || 9,753 || 0.40% || 3,493 || 0.14% || 2,082,976 || 84.52% || 107 || 0.00% || 364,510 || 14.79% || 900 || 0.04% || 99 || 0.00% || 2,626 || 0.11% || '''2,464,464'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Bijnor''' || 1,736 || 0.05% || 6,184 || 0.17% || 2,032,081 || 55.18% || 2,134 || 0.06% || 1,585,210 || 43.04% || 50,624 || 1.37% || 41 || 0.00% || 4,703 || 0.13% || '''3,682,713'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Budaun''' || 1,959 || 0.05% || 6,320 || 0.17% || 2,867,707 || 77.89% || 678 || 0.02% || 790,515 || 21.47% || 1,135 || 0.03% || 87 || 0.00% || 13,495 || 0.37% || '''3,681,896'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Bulandshahr''' || 669 || 0.02% || 4,088 || 0.12% || 2,707,195 || 77.37% || 1,572 || 0.04% || 777,407 || 22.22% || 2,765 || 0.08% || 86 || 0.00% || 5,389 || 0.15% || '''3,499,171'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Chandauli''' || 340 || 0.02% || 2,153 || 0.11% || 1,727,869 || 88.48% || 100 || 0.01% || 215,081 || 11.01% || 1,389 || 0.07% || 1,175 || 0.06% || 4,649 || 0.24% || '''1,952,756'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Chitrakoot''' || 101 || 0.01% || 693 || 0.07% || 955,372 || 96.33% || 285 || 0.03% || 34,559 || 3.48% || 63 || 0.01% || 27 || 0.00% || 630 || 0.06% || '''991,730'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Deoria''' || 1,182 || 0.04% || 3,626 || 0.12% || 2,730,957 || 88.07% || 209 || 0.01% || 358,539 || 11.56% || 818 || 0.03% || 146 || 0.00% || 5,469 || 0.18% || '''3,100,946'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Etah''' || 2,887 || 0.16% || 2,464 || 0.14% || 1,611,126 || 90.79% || 5,671 || 0.32% || 146,346 || 8.25% || 708 || 0.04% || 18 || 0.00% || 5,260 || 0.30% || '''1,774,480'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Etawah''' || 1,733 || 0.11% || 1,362 || 0.09% || 1,457,892 || 92.17% || 3,917 || 0.25% || 113,961 || 7.20% || 1,045 || 0.07% || 94 || 0.01% || 1,806 || 0.11% || '''1,581,810'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Faizabad''' || 737 || 0.03% || 3,225 || 0.13% || 2,094,271 || 84.75% || 358 || 0.01% || 365,806 || 14.80% || 1,912 || 0.08% || 185 || 0.01% || 4,502 || 0.18% || '''2,470,996'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Farrukhabad''' || 3,161 || 0.17% || 3,137 || 0.17% || 1,596,278 || 84.67% || 487 || 0.03% || 276,846 || 14.69% || 3,160 || 0.17% || 100 || 0.01% || 2,035 || 0.11% || '''1,885,204'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Fatehpur''' || 172 || 0.01% || 2,201 || 0.08% || 2,274,674 || 86.40% || 199 || 0.01% || 350,700 || 13.32% || 402 || 0.02% || 47 || 0.00% || 4,338 || 0.16% || '''2,632,733'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Firozabad''' || 3,395 || 0.14% || 3,370 || 0.13% || 2,140,745 || 85.69% || 19,077 || 0.76% || 314,812 || 12.60% || 1,804 || 0.07% || 61 || 0.00% || 14,892 || 0.60% || '''2,498,156'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Gautam Buddha Nagar''' || 895 || 0.05% || 7,366 || 0.45% || 1,394,025 || 84.58% || 4,518 || 0.27% || 215,500 || 13.08% || 9,261 || 0.56% || 91 || 0.01% || 16,459 || 1.00% || '''1,648,115'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Ghaziabad''' || 3,487 || 0.07% || 19,026 || 0.41% || 3,414,427 || 72.93% || 16,412 || 0.35% || 1,186,776 || 25.35% || 23,001 || 0.49% || 265 || 0.01% || 18,251 || 0.39% || '''4,681,645'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Ghazipur''' || 3,145 || 0.09% || 4,181 || 0.12% || 3,233,790 || 89.32% || 213 || 0.01% || 368,153 || 10.17% || 810 || 0.02% || 184 || 0.01% || 9,792 || 0.27% || '''3,620,268'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Gonda''' || 649 || 0.02% || 4,735 || 0.14% || 2,739,076 || 79.77% || 338 || 0.01% || 678,615 || 19.76% || 1,893 || 0.06% || 57 || 0.00% || 8,556 || 0.25% || '''3,433,919'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Gorakhpur''' || 2,848 || 0.06% || 9,662 || 0.22% || 4,009,037 || 90.28% || 460 || 0.01% || 403,847 || 9.09% || 2,123 || 0.05% || 207 || 0.00% || 12,711 || 0.29% || '''4,440,895'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Hamirpur''' || 74 || 0.01% || 814 || 0.07% || 1,010,014 || 91.46% || 41 || 0.00% || 91,269 || 8.26% || 196 || 0.02% || 273 || 0.02% || 1,604 || 0.15% || '''1,104,285'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Hardoi''' || 6,671 || 0.16% || 5,822 || 0.14% || 3,508,131 || 85.71% || 446 || 0.01% || 556,219 || 13.59% || 5,688 || 0.14% || 98 || 0.00% || 9,770 || 0.24% || '''4,092,845'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Jalaun''' || 2,875 || 0.17% || 1,148 || 0.07% || 1,509,708 || 89.33% || 256 || 0.02% || 171,581 || 10.15% || 463 || 0.03% || 145 || 0.01% || 3,798 || 0.22% || '''1,689,974'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Jaunpur''' || 7,898 || 0.18% || 4,947 || 0.11% || 3,981,502 || 88.59% || 349 || 0.01% || 483,750 || 10.76% || 1,286 || 0.03% || 114 || 0.00% || 14,358 || 0.32% || '''4,494,204'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Jhansi''' || 1,203 || 0.06% || 7,050 || 0.35% || 1,823,930 || 91.26% || 7,328 || 0.37% || 147,842 || 7.40% || 4,951 || 0.25% || 311 || 0.02% || 5,988 || 0.30% || '''1,998,603'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Jyotiba Phule Nagar''' || 189 || 0.01% || 5,952 || 0.32% || 1,075,440 || 58.44% || 517 || 0.03% || 750,368 || 40.78% || 5,295 || 0.29% || 21 || 0.00% || 2,439 || 0.13% || '''1,840,221'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Kannauj''' || 2,033 || 0.12% || 1,263 || 0.08% || 1,375,788 || 83.05% || 606 || 0.04% || 273,967 || 16.54% || 504 || 0.03% || 65 || 0.00% || 2,390 || 0.14% || '''1,656,616'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Kanpur Dehat''' || 819 || 0.05% || 1,300 || 0.07% || 1,612,968 || 89.80% || 155 || 0.01% || 176,327 || 9.82% || 478 || 0.03% || 103 || 0.01% || 4,034 || 0.22% || '''1,796,184'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Kanpur Nagar''' || 2,733 || 0.06% || 15,751 || 0.34% || 3,792,174 || 82.78% || 5,710 || 0.12% || 720,660 || 15.73% || 29,676 || 0.65% || 589 || 0.01% || 13,975 || 0.31% || '''4,581,268'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Kanshiram Nagar''' || 3,907 || 0.27% || 1,969 || 0.14% || 1,211,427 || 84.32% || 313 || 0.02% || 213,822 || 14.88% || 2,280 || 0.16% || 72 || 0.01% || 2,929 || 0.20% || '''1,436,719'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Kaushambi''' || 687 || 0.04% || 2,225 || 0.14% || 1,372,381 || 85.80% || 545 || 0.03% || 220,423 || 13.78% || 522 || 0.03% || 3 || 0.00% || 2,810 || 0.18% || '''1,599,596'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Kheri''' || 18,454 || 0.46% || 7,502 || 0.19% || 3,078,262 || 76.55% || 487 || 0.01% || 807,600 || 20.08% || 94,388 || 2.35% || 226 || 0.01% || 14,324 || 0.36% || '''4,021,243'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Kushinagar''' || 4,619 || 0.13% || 5,006 || 0.14% || 2,928,462 || 82.16% || 383 || 0.01% || 620,244 || 17.40% || 767 || 0.02% || 133 || 0.00% || 4,930 || 0.14% || '''3,564,544'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Lalitpur''' || 69 || 0.01% || 1,351 || 0.11% || 1,163,804 || 95.27% || 20,390 || 1.67% || 33,724 || 2.76% || 1,034 || 0.08% || 41 || 0.00% || 1,179 || 0.10% || '''1,221,592'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Lucknow''' || 3,877 || 0.08% || 20,493 || 0.45% || 3,537,787 || 77.08% || 4,975 || 0.11% || 985,070 || 21.46% || 23,883 || 0.52% || 504 || 0.01% || 13,249 || 0.29% || '''4,589,838'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Mahamaya Nagar''' || 424 || 0.03% || 1,350 || 0.09% || 1,397,225 || 89.30% || 1,289 || 0.08% || 159,448 || 10.19% || 524 || 0.03% || 63 || 0.00% || 4,385 || 0.28% || '''1,564,708'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Mahoba''' || 94 || 0.01% || 965 || 0.11% || 815,142 || 93.06% || 234 || 0.03% || 57,454 || 6.56% || 389 || 0.04% || 157 || 0.02% || 1,523 || 0.17% || '''875,958'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Mahrajganj''' || 16,030 || 0.60% || 3,527 || 0.13% || 2,196,884 || 81.83% || 243 || 0.01% || 458,650 || 17.08% || 1,381 || 0.05% || 338 || 0.01% || 7,650 || 0.28% || '''2,684,703'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Mainpuri''' || 8,814 || 0.47% || 1,729 || 0.09% || 1,746,649 || 93.48% || 4,161 || 0.22% || 100,723 || 5.39% || 475 || 0.03% || 38 || 0.00% || 5,940 || 0.32% || '''1,868,529'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Mathura''' || 883 || 0.03% || 3,179 || 0.12% || 2,310,776 || 90.72% || 2,056 || 0.08% || 216,933 || 8.52% || 2,872 || 0.11% || 126 || 0.00% || 10,359 || 0.41% || '''2,547,184'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Mau''' || 564 || 0.03% || 2,109 || 0.10% || 1,769,937 || 80.23% || 155 || 0.01% || 428,555 || 19.43% || 340 || 0.02% || 129 || 0.01% || 4,179 || 0.19% || '''2,205,968'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Meerut''' || 1,855 || 0.05% || 10,582 || 0.31% || 2,183,255 || 63.40% || 18,544 || 0.54% || 1,185,643 || 34.43% || 24,912 || 0.72% || 236 || 0.01% || 18,662 || 0.54% || '''3,443,689'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Mirzapur''' || 341 || 0.01% || 2,373 || 0.10% || 2,292,534 || 91.81% || 701 || 0.03% || 195,765 || 7.84% || 1,133 || 0.05% || 27 || 0.00% || 4,096 || 0.16% || '''2,496,970'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Moradabad''' || 1,260 || 0.03% || 13,157 || 0.28% || 2,488,265 || 52.14% || 2,426 || 0.05% || 2,248,392 || 47.12% || 7,555 || 0.16% || 382 || 0.01% || 10,569 || 0.22% || '''4,772,006'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Muzaffarnagar''' || 1,516 || 0.04% || 6,495 || 0.16% || 2,382,914 || 57.51% || 16,345 || 0.39% || 1,711,453 || 41.30% || 18,601 || 0.45% || 60 || 0.00% || 6,128 || 0.15% || '''4,143,512'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Pilibhit''' || 360 || 0.02% || 3,510 || 0.17% || 1,449,007 || 71.34% || 138 || 0.01% || 489,686 || 24.11% || 84,787 || 4.17% || 45 || 0.00% || 3,474 || 0.17% || '''2,031,007'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Pratapgarh''' || 7,795 || 0.24% || 3,920 || 0.12% || 2,731,351 || 85.11% || 746 || 0.02% || 452,394 || 14.10% || 1,451 || 0.05% || 43 || 0.00% || 11,441 || 0.36% || '''3,209,141'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Rae Bareli''' || 722 || 0.02% || 3,634 || 0.11% || 2,975,998 || 87.39% || 397 || 0.01% || 413,243 || 12.13% || 2,424 || 0.07% || 602 || 0.02% || 8,539 || 0.25% || '''3,405,559'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Rampur''' || 384 || 0.02% || 9,201 || 0.39% || 1,073,890 || 45.97% || 1,307 || 0.06% || 1,181,337 || 50.57% || 65,316 || 2.80% || 63 || 0.00% || 4,321 || 0.18% || '''2,335,819'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Saharanpur''' || 1,937 || 0.06% || 6,523 || 0.19% || 1,966,892 || 56.74% || 10,208 || 0.29% || 1,454,052 || 41.95% || 18,627 || 0.54% || 135 || 0.00% || 8,008 || 0.23% || '''3,466,382'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Sant Kabir Nagar''' || 4,393 || 0.26% || 1,766 || 0.10% || 1,300,586 || 75.83% || 95 || 0.01% || 404,410 || 23.58% || 447 || 0.03% || 35 || 0.00% || 3,451 || 0.20% || '''1,715,183'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi)''' || 1,562 || 0.10% || 1,365 || 0.09% || 1,368,291 || 86.70% || 161 || 0.01% || 203,887 || 12.92% || 199 || 0.01% || 7 || 0.00% || 2,741 || 0.17% || '''1,578,213'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Shahjahanpur''' || 2,312 || 0.08% || 4,630 || 0.15% || 2,412,595 || 80.24% || 301 || 0.01% || 527,581 || 17.55% || 51,090 || 1.70% || 84 || 0.00% || 7,945 || 0.26% || '''3,006,538'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Shrawasti''' || 323 || 0.03% || 1,427 || 0.13% || 768,643 || 68.79% || 68 || 0.01% || 343,981 || 30.79% || 407 || 0.04% || 56 || 0.01% || 2,456 || 0.22% || '''1,117,361'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Siddharthnagar''' || 11,964 || 0.47% || 3,042 || 0.12% || 1,789,704 || 69.93% || 179 || 0.01% || 748,073 || 29.23% || 681 || 0.03% || 356 || 0.01% || 5,298 || 0.21% || '''2,559,297'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Sitapur''' || 2,663 || 0.06% || 6,579 || 0.15% || 3,555,450 || 79.29% || 1,410 || 0.03% || 893,725 || 19.93% || 11,611 || 0.26% || 79 || 0.00% || 12,475 || 0.28% || '''4,483,992'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Sonbhadra''' || 1,747 || 0.09% || 3,963 || 0.21% || 1,738,769 || 93.35% || 487 || 0.03% || 103,567 || 5.56% || 1,649 || 0.09% || 1,907 || 0.10% || 10,470 || 0.56% || '''1,862,559'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Sultanpur''' || 9,989 || 0.26% || 4,453 || 0.12% || 3,119,590 || 82.16% || 426 || 0.01% || 650,261 || 17.13% || 1,629 || 0.04% || 336 || 0.01% || 10,433 || 0.27% || '''3,797,117'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Unnao''' || 920 || 0.03% || 3,574 || 0.11% || 2,732,016 || 87.89% || 240 || 0.01% || 363,453 || 11.69% || 1,204 || 0.04% || 31 || 0.00% || 6,929 || 0.22% || '''3,108,367'''<br /> |-<br /> | '''Varanasi''' || 1,146 || 0.03% || 7,696 || 0.21% || 3,107,681 || 84.52% || 1,898 || 0.05% || 546,987 || 14.88% || 3,309 || 0.09% || 298 || 0.01% || 7,826 || 0.21% || '''3,676,841'''<br /> |-class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;<br /> | '''STATE'''{{efn-lr|Percentages in 'STATE' are calculated out of total population of UP, depicting the share of each religion's population}} || '''206,285''' || '''0.10%''' || '''356,448''' || '''0.18%''' || '''159,312,654''' || '''79.73%''' || '''213,267''' || '''0.11%''' || '''38,483,967''' || '''19.26%''' || '''643,500''' || '''0.32%''' || '''13,598''' || '''0.01%''' || '''582,622''' || '''0.29%''' || '''199,812,341'''<br /> |-class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;<br /> | colspan=&quot;18&quot; |&lt;small&gt;{{notelist-lr|close=1}}&lt;/small&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Religion-wise percentage of UP (2011 Census)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/Religion_pca/RL-0900.xlsx|title=Religion PCA - State wise|access-date=14 June 2017|archive-date=16 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116154009/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/Religion_pca/RL-0900.xlsx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! Religion || Rural || Urban || Total<br /> |-<br /> | Buddhist || 0.09% || 0.02% || 0.10%<br /> |-<br /> | Christian || 0.09% || 0.09% || 0.18%<br /> |-<br /> | Hindu || 65.03% || 14.70% || 79.73%<br /> |-<br /> | Jain || 0.02% || 0.09% || 0.11%<br /> |-<br /> | Muslim || 12.09% || 7.17% || 19.26%<br /> |-<br /> | Other religions and persuasions || 0.00% || 0.00% || 0.01%<br /> |-<br /> | Religion not stated || 0.19% || 0.10% || 0.29%<br /> |-<br /> | Sikh || 0.22% || 0.11% || 0.32%<br /> |-class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;<br /> | '''''Total''''' || '''''77.73%''''' || '''''22.27%''''' || '''''100.00%'''''<br /> |}<br /> Literacy among women is quite low, going as low as 50.59% in Muslim community. On the contrary, the Jain community with quite high literacy rates, for both males and females as well. Also noteworthy is that Sikh and Hindu communities have very poor sex-ratios.<br /> <br /> == Caste ==<br /> For accurate caste population data in India, the [[Government of India]] has not publicly released [[Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011]] ''caste population data'' for every single non-SC/ST castes, General castes, OBC/EBCs in India, hence no official figures are available for the same.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/centre-not-releasing-caste-census-data-because-it-doesnt-want-to-face-mandal-ii/article7404307.ece |title='Centre not releasing caste census data because it doesn't want to face Mandal II' |newspaper=Thehindubusinessline.com |date=9 July 2015 |access-date=6 July 2016 |archive-date=3 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803003942/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/centre-not-releasing-caste-census-data-because-it-doesnt-want-to-face-mandal-ii/article7404307.ece |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-centre-releases-census-data-on-religion-hides-caste-figures-2118491 |title=Centre releases census data on religion, hides caste figures |newspaper=Dnaindia.com |date=26 August 2015 |access-date=6 July 2016 |archive-date=22 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922133029/http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-centre-releases-census-data-on-religion-hides-caste-figures-2118491 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://scroll.in/article/746204/before-releasing-caste-numbers-the-government-needs-to-account-for-discrepancies-in-data |title=Before releasing caste numbers, the government needs to account for discrepancies in data |newspaper=Scroll.in |date=7 August 2015 |access-date=6 July 2016 |archive-date=7 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507115901/http://scroll.in/article/746204/before-releasing-caste-numbers-the-government-needs-to-account-for-discrepancies-in-data |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/castebased-census-data-should-be-made-public-demand-bihar-cm-nitish-kumar/article8769021.ece|title=Caste-based Census data should be made public, demand Bihar CM Nitish Kumar|newspaper=The Hindu|date=24 June 2016|access-date=6 July 2016|archive-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624121024/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/castebased-census-data-should-be-made-public-demand-bihar-cm-nitish-kumar/article8769021.ece|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> As per estimations based on [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]], Dalits constitute 21.1% of Uttar Pradesh population.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Job-better-than-aid-say-UP-dalits/articleshow/11623741.cms |title=Job better than aid, say UP dalits |newspaper=The Times of India |author=Shailvee Sharda |access-date=6 July 2016 |archive-date=2 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102003722/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Job-better-than-aid-say-UP-dalits/articleshow/11623741.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national-up-polls-why-is-bjp-hesitating-in-announcing-its-cm-candidate-334855 |title=UP polls: Why is BJP hesitating in announcing its CM candidate? |newspaper=Indiatvnews.com |date=16 June 2016 |access-date=6 July 2016 |archive-date=17 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617154405/http://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national-up-polls-why-is-bjp-hesitating-in-announcing-its-cm-candidate-334855 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Half-of-Indias-dalit-population-lives-in-4-states/articleshow/19827757.cms|title=Half of India's dalit population lives in 4 states|work=The Times of India|date=2 May 2013|access-date=5 February 2016|archive-date=11 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111212254/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Half-of-Indias-dalit-population-lives-in-4-states/articleshow/19827757.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mallah community is divided in 27 sub-castes. [[Other Backward Classes]] (OBCs) constitute over 50% of Uttar Pradesh’s population.&lt;ref name=&quot;UP has the highest OBC population&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/uttar-pradesh-s-obc-population-estimated-at-over-50-101696332268523-amp.html|title=UP has the highest OBC population|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=23 October 2023|access-date=14 January 2024|archive-date=15 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240115130610/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/uttar-pradesh-s-obc-population-estimated-at-over-50-101696332268523-amp.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/why-smaller-castes-could-hold-the-key-to-power-in-2017-uttar-pradesh-assembly-polls-4447802/|title=Why smaller castes could hold the key to power in 2017 UP Assembly polls|date=29 December 2016|access-date=28 December 2016|archive-date=28 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228124753/http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/why-smaller-castes-could-hold-the-key-to-power-in-2017-uttar-pradesh-assembly-polls-4447802/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/survey-puts-obc-population-at-40-pc/story-CuajzBUPRt4LZCtiw6aSbI.html|title=Survey puts OBC population at 40 pc|date=3 September 2007|access-date=5 February 2016|archive-date=5 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205132411/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/survey-puts-obc-population-at-40-pc/story-CuajzBUPRt4LZCtiw6aSbI.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2007-05-07/news/28386153_1_population-backward-classes-census|title=OBC population in UP stands at 7 crore|access-date=5 February 2016|archive-date=19 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219101934/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2007-05-07/news/28386153_1_population-backward-classes-census|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Yadav]]s form the single largest group amongst the [[Other Backward Classes|OBCs]], constituting around 40 percent, and forming almost 15-19 percent of the state's population.&lt;ref name=&quot;UP has the highest OBC population&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19941215-kurmis-rally-against-yadav-domination-in-uttar-pradesh-809986-1994-12-15|title=Kurmis rally against Yadav domination in Uttar Pradesh|work=India Today|access-date=25 May 2021|archive-date=25 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525132032/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19941215-kurmis-rally-against-yadav-domination-in-uttar-pradesh-809986-1994-12-15|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; There are 200-odd OBCs in U.P. In Uttar Pradesh, Muslims are divided into 68 castes and sub-castes, 35 of them are OBCs. Forward castes constitute around 18-20% of Uttar Pradesh population,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/918409/why-the-most-backward-castes-are-crucial-for-bjps-sandwich-alliance-to-succeed-in-uttar-pradesh|title=Why the most backward castes are crucial for BJP's sandwich alliance to succeed in Uttar Pradesh|date=7 April 2019|access-date=10 April 2019|archive-date=10 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410154357/https://scroll.in/article/918409/why-the-most-backward-castes-are-crucial-for-bjps-sandwich-alliance-to-succeed-in-uttar-pradesh|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/uttar-pradesh-polls-bsp-sp-and-bjp-leaving-no-stone-unturned-to-come-up-trumps/articleshow/52811761.cms |title=Uttar Pradesh polls: BSP, SP and BJP leaving no stone to come up trumps |newspaper=The Economic Times |date=19 June 2016 |last1=Katiyar |first1=Prerna |access-date=19 June 2016 |archive-date=18 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160618214841/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/uttar-pradesh-polls-bsp-sp-and-bjp-leaving-no-stone-unturned-to-come-up-trumps/articleshow/52811761.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; in which Brahmins are about 9%&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=BJP joins race for Brahmin votes with 'prabuddha varg sammelans' in UP|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/uttar-pradesh/bjp-joins-race-for-brahmin-votes-with-prabuddha-varg-sammelans-in-up/articleshow/85889172.cms?from=mdr|quote=Brahmins constitute 13 per cent of the population and are considered as major opinion makers in Uttar Pradesh.|publisher=Economic Times|date=6 September 2021|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208155533/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/uttar-pradesh/bjp-joins-race-for-brahmin-votes-with-prabuddha-varg-sammelans-in-up/articleshow/85889172.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hebbar&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha-2019/bjp-striving-to-please-rajputs-and-brahmins/article27028379.ece|title=BJP striving to please Rajputs and Brahmins|last=Hebbar|first=Nistula|date=2019-05-03|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-06-03|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=18 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918185303/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha-2019/bjp-striving-to-please-rajputs-and-brahmins/article27028379.ece|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; and Rajputs are 8%.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hebbar&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; | <br /> |-<br /> ! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Castes of Uttar Pradesh&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/standpoint-how-bjp-is-changing-the-caste-arithmetic-in-uttar-pradesh-1984032 |title=How BJP is changing the caste arithmetic in Uttar Pradesh &amp;#124; Latest News &amp; Updates at Daily News &amp; Analysis |website=Dnaindia.com |date=2014-05-01 |access-date=2017-03-08 |archive-date=6 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206210600/http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/standpoint-how-bjp-is-changing-the-caste-arithmetic-in-uttar-pradesh-1984032 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://5forty3.in/2014/01/uttar-pradesh-the-darling-of-2014/ |title=Uttar Pradesh, the darling of 2014 &amp;#124; 5Forty3 |access-date=2016-02-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308041742/http://5forty3.in/2014/01/uttar-pradesh-the-darling-of-2014/ |archive-date=8 March 2016 |df=dmy }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://english.pradesh18.com/news/bihar/up-govt-declares-holiday-on-maharana-pratap-jayanti-to-woo-thakur-votes-731133.html |title=UP govt declares holiday on Maharana Pratap Jayanti to 'woo' Thakur voters |website=English.pradesh18.com |date=2015-05-08 |access-date=2017-03-08 |archive-date=9 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170109110329/http://english.pradesh18.com/news/bihar/up-govt-declares-holiday-on-maharana-pratap-jayanti-to-woo-thakur-votes-731133.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article/brahmins-in-india/234783|title=Brahmins population in India|access-date=5 February 2016|archive-date=10 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160110155540/http://www.outlookindia.com/article/brahmins-in-india/234783|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.manoramaonline.com/news/indepth/assembly-elections-2017/uttar-pradesh-assembly-election.html |title=Uttar Pradesh Assembly Elections 2017 &amp;#124; Indian National Congress &amp;#124; AAP &amp;#124; BJP &amp;#124; NDA &amp;#124; Samajwadi Party &amp;#124; Candidates List &amp;#124; Opinion Poll &amp;#124; Exit Poll &amp;#124; Election News Malayalam |website=Manoramaonline.com |access-date=2017-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519214123/http://www.manoramaonline.com/news/indepth/assembly-elections-2017/uttar-pradesh-assembly-election.html |archive-date=19 May 2017 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! Caste || Population (%)<br /> |-<br /> | [[Other Backward Class|OBC]] || 50%&lt;ref name=&quot;UP has the highest OBC population&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | [[Dalit]]s (SCs) || 20-21%<br /> |-<br /> | Tribals (STs) || 0.1%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Forward caste]] || 18-20%<br /> |-<br /> | Muslims || 19-20% <br /> |-<br /> | Others || 0.9%<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Ethnic groups==<br /> <br /> As of 1 March 2011, Uttar Pradesh had a population of over 199.5 million, making it the most populous state in India. Its population is larger than that of 242 other countries. If it were an independent country, it would be the sixth most populous in the world. {{Citation needed|date=March 2026}}<br /> <br /> At the 2011 census of India, 79.7% of Uttar Pradesh population is Hindu. Muslims make up 19.3% of the population, most of whom are [[Rohillas]], a clan of ethnic [[Pathans]]. The remaining population consists of Sikhs, Buddhists, Christians and Jains.<br /> <br /> The population of Uttar Pradesh is divided into numerous castes and sub-castes. Historically, [[Hindu]] society is divided into four sub-divisions or [[varna (Hinduism)|varna]]s, the [[Brahmins]], [[Kshatriya]]s, [[Vaishya]]s and [[Shudra]]s. Muslims are also divided as the [[Shia Islam|Shias]] and [[Sunni Islam|Sunnis]]. In actual practice, Hindu society in generally used to be divided into numerous lineage groups called jatis. Each jati is then sub-divided into clans, called [[gotra]]s.<br /> <br /> The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as [[Agaria]], [[Baiga (tribe)|Baiga]], [[Bhar]], Bhoksa, [[Chero]], [[Gondi people|Gond]], Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> == Languages ==<br /> Most people in Uttar Pradesh speak [[Hindi]] (including [[Urdu]], which is often considered the same language), followed by [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Experts&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Experts |first=Disha |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4D44EAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=bhojpuri+second+language+uttar+pradesh&amp;pg=PA117 |title=Amazing Uttar Pradesh - General Knowledge for UPPSC, UPSSSC &amp; other Competitive Exams |date=2020-07-01 |publisher=Disha Publications |isbn=978-93-90486-72-4 |language=en |access-date=30 September 2022 |archive-date=27 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230427232733/https://books.google.com/books?id=4D44EAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=bhojpuri+second+language+uttar+pradesh&amp;pg=PA117 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> [[File:Non-Hindi_language_in_Uttar_Pradesh_(2011).jpg|thumb|Largest language in Uttar Pradesh besides Hindi, 2011 census]]<br /> The dialect map of Uttar Pradesh is complex, but, in general, in three of the five sub regions of UP, viz, the Doab, Rohilkhand, and Bundelkhand, both Western and Eastern Hindi, as well as a mixture of the two are spoken. For instance, in the upper and parts of lower Doab (until Etawah), various forms of western Hindi are spoken, including Khari boli and Brij Bhasha. In the rest of lower Doab, various mixes of western and Eastern Hindi (Brij Bhasha/ Bundelkhandi and Awadhi) are spoken). Likewise, in Western Bundelkhand, Bundeli (a language closely related with Brij Bhasha) is spoken, while in Eastern Bundelkhand the dialect is still called 'Bundeli' but is part of Eastern Hindi (actually a mixture of Western and Eastern Hindi). In Western Rohilkhand, Khari boli is spoken. in Central Rohilkhand a mix of Awadhi and Khari boli is spoken, while in Eastern Rohilkhand, Awadhi is the dialect. <br /> <br /> As mentioned earlier, often these dialects merge into each other, for example in [[Shahjahanpur District|Shahjahanpur]], in Rohilkhand, [[Kauravi dialect|Khari boli]] merges into Awadhi.&lt;ref&gt;''People of India'': Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan &amp; J C Das pages 21 to 23 Manohar Publications&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In eastern [[Uttar Pradesh]], the [[Bhojpuri language]] is spoken.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bhojpuri |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/bho |access-date=2022-09-08 |website=Ethnologue |language=en |archive-date=29 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129004021/https://www.ethnologue.com/language/bho |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; It is the second most widely spoken language of Uttar Pradesh after Hindi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Experts&quot;/&gt; It belongs to the [[Eastern Indo-Aryan languages|Magadhan]] group of [[Indo-Aryan languages]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Koskoff |first=Ellen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=73MO0eiQD_EC&amp;dq=Eastern+Uttar+Pradesh+Bhojpuri&amp;pg=PA1023 |title=The Concise Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: The Middle East, South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia |date=2008 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-99404-0 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; This region is known as [[Bhojpuri region|Bhojpur]] or [[Purvanchal]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Hasan |first1=Amir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6QVuAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=bhojpuri+speaking+region+called+purvanchal |title=People of India: Uttar Pradesh |last2=Das |first2=J. C. |last3=Rizvi |first3=Baqr Raza |date=2005 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-81-7304-114-3 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Bhojpuri variant of [[Kaithi]] is the indigenous script of Bhojpuri language.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Grierson |first=George Abraham |url=http://archive.org/details/handbooktokayath00grie |title=A handbook to the Kayathi character. |date=1881 |publisher=Calcutta, Thacker, Spink, and co. |others=The Library of Congress}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable mw-collapsible&quot; <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> ! colspan=4| Uttar Pradesh: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.&lt;ref name=&quot;census2011-C16&quot;&gt;{{cite report |title = C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Uttar Pradesh |url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India |access-date = 15 July 2020 |archive-date = 30 April 2021 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210430080142/https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> ! Mother tongue code<br /> ! Mother tongue<br /> ! People<br /> ! Percentage<br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 001002 || [[Assamese language|Assamese]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 10,288 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 002007 || [[Bengali language|Bengali]] <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 240,966 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.12% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 005018 || [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 11,938 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006030 || [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 3,801,743 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 1.90% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006102 || [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 21,844,783 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 10.93% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006123 || [[Braj Bhasha|Brajbhasha]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 713,572 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.36% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006125 || [[Bundeli language|Bundeli/Bundel khandi]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 1,303,940 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.65% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006142 || [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 12,308 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006195 || [[Garhwali language|Garhwali]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 22,914 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006235 || [[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 16,166 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006240 || [[Hindi]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 160,159,977 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 80.16% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006311 || [[Kauravi dialect|Khari Boli (Kauravi)]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 16,355 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006340 || [[Kumauni language|Kumauni]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 11,059 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 006489 || [[Rajasthani language|Rajasthani]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 13,382 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 010008 || [[Maithili language|Maithili]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 16,989 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 011016 || [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 24,338 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 013071 || [[Marathi language|Marathi]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 24,115 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 014011 || [[Nepali language|Nepali]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 18,734 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 015043 || [[Odia language|Odia]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 24,071 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 016038 || [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 508,599 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.25% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 019014 || [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 28,937 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 020027 || [[Tamil language|Tamil]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 14,426 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 021046 || [[Telugu language|Telugu]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 13,918 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 022015 || [[Urdu]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 10,793,391 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 5.40% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 022016 || Bhansari<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 20,993 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || 040001 || [[English language|English]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 13,085 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.01% <br /> |- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;<br /> || N.A. || [[Languages of India|Others]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 131,354 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 0.07% <br /> |-style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot; class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;<br /> | colspan=2 | Total <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 199,812,341 <br /> | style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 100.00% <br /> |- <br /> |}<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> * [[Distribution of Scheduled Castes by District in Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> * [[List of Rajput clans of Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Demographics of India}}<br /> {{Uttar Pradesh}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics of Uttar Pradesh}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Demographics of India by state or union territory|Uttar]]<br /> [[Category:Social groups of Uttar Pradesh|*]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vanama_Venkateswara_Rao&diff=543516 2026-04-22T01:54:33Z

<p>Igorcaf: put up new biography with sources!</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox officeholder<br /> | name = Vanama Venkateswara Rao&lt;br&gt;వనమా వెంకటేశ్వరరావు<br /> | image =<br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1944|11|1}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Palvancha]]<br /> | death_date = <br /> | death_place = <br /> | constituency = [[Kothagudem (Assembly constituency)|Kothagudem]]<br /> | office = [[Telangana Legislative Assembly|Member of the Telangana Legislative Assembly]]<br /> | salary = <br /> | term = 2018–2023<br /> | predecessor = [[Jalagam Venkat Rao]]<br /> | successor = [[Kunamneni Sambasiva Rao]]<br /> | party = Telangana Rashtra Samithi<br /> | spouse = <br /> | children = Raghavendra Rao &lt;br /&gt; Ramakrishna &lt;br /&gt; Srimanthula Aruna &lt;br /&gt; Adika Vijaya Lakshmi<br /> | website = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> | date = <br /> | year = <br /> | source = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Vanama Venkateswara Rao''' is a politician from [[Telangana]] state and a member of the Legislative Assembly constituency of [[Kothagudem (Assembly constituency)|Kothagudem]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/kothagudem-election-result-2018-live-updates-vanama-venkateswara-rao-of-inc-wins-1968341.html|title=Kothagudem Election Result 2018 Live Updates: Vanama Venkateswara Rao of INC Wins|website=News18}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Personal life==<br /> He has 4 children namely, Raghavendra Rao, Rama Krishna Rao, Srimanthula Aruna and Adika Vijaya Lakshmi<br /> <br /> ==Political career==<br /> Venkateswara Rao was elected as a MLA from [[Kothagudem]] for the first time in 1989. He later represented the constituency in 1999 and 2004, besides serving as a minister in the cabinet of former Chief Minister [[Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy]] in 2008.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Telangana/2019-01-18/Vanama-the-oldest-Haripriya-the-youngest-take-oath-as-MLAs/477294|title=Vanama the oldest, Haripriya the youngest take oath as MLAs|first=The Hans|last=India|date=January 18, 2019|website=www.thehansindia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the Telangana general elections of 2018, he contested on an [[Indian National Congress]] party ticket and won with a majority of 4120 votes over the nearest [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]] party candidate [[Jalagam Venkat Rao]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://myneta.info/telangana2018/candidate.php?candidate_id=6071|title=Vanama Venkateswara Rao(Indian National Congress(INC)):Constituency- KOTHAGUDEM(BHADRADRI) - Affidavit Information of Candidate:|website=myneta.info}}&lt;/ref&gt; He resigned from the Congress Party after the 2018 elections and joined the Telangana Rashtra Samithi party.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sakshi.com/news/telangana/vanama-venkateswara-rao-jump-trs-party-1170348|title=గులాబీ గూటికి వనమా..?|date=March 16, 2019|website=Sakshi}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;ref&gt;https://sacet.ac.in/2025/11/09/st-anns-college-chirala-to-host-6-day-atal-online-faculty-development-programme-from-november-10/&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Vanama Venkateshwara}}<br /> [[Category:1944 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Bharat Rashtra Samithi politicians]]<br /> [[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 1989–1994]]<br /> [[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 1999–2004]]<br /> [[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2004–2009]]<br /> [[Category:Telangana MLAs 2018–2023]]<br /> <br /> {{Telangana-TRS-politician-stub}}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nandigram_in_the_2021_West_Bengal_Legislative_Assembly_election&diff=520337 2026-04-21T09:53:18Z

<p>Igorcaf: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Controversy regarding the election in Nandigram}}<br /> {{Update|date=October 2024}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox election<br /> | election_name = Assembly election in Nandigram as a part of [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]<br /> | candidate2 = [[Mamata Banerjee]]<br /> | image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Ms. Mamata Banerjee, in Kolkata on July 17, 2018 (cropped) (cropped).JPG|bSize=110|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=05|oTop=05}} <br /> | image2_upright =<br /> | party2 = All India Trinamool Congress<br /> | alliance2 = [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election#All India Trinamool Congress +|AITC+]]<br /> | popular_vote2 = 108,808{{efn|&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref name=Nandigram&gt;{{Cite web|date=2 May 2021|title=Nandigram: After Hours of Confusion, BJP's Suvendu Adhikari Emerges Winner|url=https://thewire.in/politics/nandigram-election-bengal-mamata-banerjee-suvendu-adhikari|work=The Wire}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=210Nandigram&gt;{{Cite web|title=Election Commission of India|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/Result2021/ConstituencywiseS25210.htm?ac=210|access-date=2021-05-02|website=results.eci.gov.in|archive-date=3 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503202328/https://results.eci.gov.in/Result2021/ConstituencywiseS25210.htm?ac=210|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=oneindia210&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nandigram Election Result 2021 LIVE: Nandigram MLA Election Result &amp; Vote Share|url=https://www.oneindia.com/nandigram-assembly-elections-wb-210/|work=Oneindia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=timesnow210&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nandigram Assembly Election Results 2021 LIVE - Nandigram Vidhan Sabha Election Results|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/elections/nandigram-west-bengal-election-result-2021|work=Times Now}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=ceowb210&gt;{{Cite web|title=210|url=http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/UploadFiles/AE2021/Form20/210_Form20.pdf|work=Chief Electoral Officer, West Bengal|access-date=2021-11-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> | percentage2 = 47.64 %<br /> | candidate1 = '''[[Suvendu Adhikari]]'''<br /> | image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Suvendu Adhikari.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=05|oTop=0}} <br /> | image1_upright =<br /> | party1 = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> | alliance1 = [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]<br /> | popular_vote1 = '''110,764'''{{efn|&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref name=Nandigram/&gt;&lt;ref name=210Nandigram/&gt;&lt;ref name=oneindia210/&gt;&lt;ref name=timesnow210/&gt;&lt;ref name=ceowb210/&gt;}}<br /> | percentage1 = '''48.49 %'''<br /> | country = India<br /> | election_date = Thursday, 1 April 2021<br /> | type = legislative<br /> | ongoing = no<br /> | previous_election = 2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election<br /> | previous_year = 2016<br /> | next_election = [[2026]]&lt;nowiki&gt;West Bengal Legislative Assembly election&lt;/nowiki&gt;<br /> | next_year = 2026<br /> | turnout = 88.01% ({{increase}} 1.04%)&lt;ref name=turnout&gt;{{Cite web|date=3 April 2021|title=কারচুপি হয়নি, ফের ভোট নয় নন্দীগ্রামে|url=https://eisamay.indiatimes.com/west-bengal-news/haldia-news/west-bengal-assembly-election-2021-no-repoll-will-be-done-in-nandigram/articleshow/81883378.cms|work=Ei Samay|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=News18&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nandigram Election 2021: Assembly Elections News, Nandigram Constituency, Vidhan Sabha|url=https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/west-bengal/nandigram-election-result-s25a210/|work=News18}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | | title = MLA<br /> | before_election = [[Suvendu Adhikari]]{{efn|Suvendu Adhiakri was a TMC MLA from the constituency from 2016 until December 2020, when he resigned from the Legislative Assembly and joined the BJP. The seat remained vacant since then.}}<br /> | after_election = [[Suvendu Adhikari]]<br /> | before_party = [[All India Trinamool Congress|TMC]]<br /> | after_party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> &lt;!--See Template:Infobox Settlement for additional fields that may be available--&gt;<br /> &lt;!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--&gt;<br /> &lt;!-- Basic info ----------------&gt;<br /> | name = Nandigram&lt;!-- at least one of the first two fields must be filled in --&gt;<br /> | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]]<br /> | website =<br /> | area_code =<br /> | subdivision_name6 = 196,158 (2011)<br /> 257,156 (2021)&lt;ref name=News18/&gt;<br /> &lt;!-- Area/postal codes &amp; others --------&gt;<br /> | subdivision_type6 = Electorate (year)<br /> | subdivision_name5 = [[Tamluk Lok Sabha constituency|Tamluk]]<br /> | subdivision_type5 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency<br /> | subdivision_name4 = Open<br /> | subdivision_type4 = Type<br /> | subdivision_name3 = 210<br /> | subdivision_type3 = [[List of constituencies of the West Bengal Vidhan Sabha|Constituency No.]]<br /> | subdivision_name2 = [[Purba Medinipur district|Purba Medinipur]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]<br /> | official_name =<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name = {{IND}}<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|22|01|N|87|59|E|region:IN-{{IndAbbr|[[West Bengal]]}}|display=inline,title}}<br /> &lt;!-- Location ------------------&gt;<br /> | map_caption = location of Nandigram Vidhan Sabha in West Bengal<br /> | pushpin_map = India West Bengal#<br /> | motto =<br /> &lt;!-- images and maps -----------&gt;<br /> | total_type = &lt;!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows --&gt;<br /> | settlement_type = Vidhan Sabha constituency &lt;!-- e.g. Town, Village, City, etc.--&gt;<br /> | native_name = &lt;!-- if different from the English name --&gt;<br /> | other_name =<br /> | footnotes =<br /> }}<br /> {{Mamata Banerjee sidebar}}<br /> An Assembly election for the [[Nandigram Assembly constituency|Nandigram]] Vidhan Sabha constituency in the Indian state of [[West Bengal]] was held on 1 April 2021, as part of the [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]] for 292 constituencies out of the [[List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly|294 constituencies]].{{efn|The election for all 292 constituency took place between 27 March and 29 April 2021 in eight phases.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=9 June 2019|title=BJP preparing blueprint for 2021 West Bengal polls|newspaper=Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bjp-preparing-blueprint-for-2021-west-bengal-polls/articleshow/69710607.cms}}&lt;/ref&gt; Voting for the remaining two constituencies was postponed until 16 May&lt;ref name=&quot;AJTSchedule&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bengal Polls: করোনায় প্রার্থীর মৃত্যুতে সামশেরগঞ্জ এবং জঙ্গিপুরে ভোট পিছিয়ে ১৬ মে, জানাল কমিশন|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/wb-election-2021-election-commission-announces-new-date-of-polling-for-samserganj-and-jangipur-assembly-constituency-of-murshidabad-dgtl/cid/1277221|access-date=2021-04-22|website=Anandabazar|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} On 2 May, the results were announced, and [[Suvendu Adhikari]] defeated [[Mamata Banerjee]] by 1956 votes.<br /> <br /> == Background ==<br /> === Electoral system and political shifts ===<br /> The West Bengal Legislative Assembly functions as a [[Unicameralism|unicameral]] body under Article 168 of the [[Constitution of India]]. Members are directly elected for a five-year term unless the assembly is dissolved earlier.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Article 168 in The Constitution Of India 1949|url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1555093/|access-date=13 October 2020|website=Indiankanoon.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Terms of the Houses|url=https://eci.gov.in/elections/term-of-houses/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=Election Commission of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> The political landscape of West Bengal underwent a sea change leading up to 2021. In the [[2019 Indian general election in West Bengal|2019 general elections]], the BJP made significant inroads, securing 18 of the state's 42 [[Lok Sabha]] seats and capturing 40 percent of the vote share. This surge was bolstered by a steady stream of defections from the ruling Trinamool Congress (TMC), as well as the Congress and Left parties.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Election results 2019 West Bengal: TMC wins 22 seats, faces stiff battle from BJP|newspaper=India Today|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha-2019/story/west-bengal-wb-lok-sabha-election-result-2019-live-1532372-2019-05-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Romita Datta&quot;&gt;Romita Datta, [https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/why-no-one-will-douse-the-caa-fire-in-bengal-1635533-2020-01-10 Why no one will douse the CAA fire in Bengal], India Today, 10 January 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Political analysts attributed the BJP's meteoric rise to a massive consolidation of opposition votes. Specifically, the Left Front's traditional support base drifted decisively toward the BJP, driven by a strategic intent to challenge the TMC.{{efn|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=MN|first=Parth|date=31 March 2021|title=Why ex-communists are joining Modi's BJP in India's West Bengal|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/31/why-ex-communists-are-joining-modis-bjp-in-indias-west-bengal|access-date=2021-04-02|website=Al Jazeera}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Kumar|first=Sajjan|date=5 February 2021|title=How BJP turned West Bengal's Left support base in their favour|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/opinions/2021/feb/05/how-bjp-turned-west-bengals-left-support-base-in-their-favour-2259777.html|access-date=2021-04-02|website=The New Indian Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Sahay|first=Mohan|date=10 March 2021|title=View: Left helping BJP by default in West Bengal|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/west-bengal/view-left-helping-bjp-by-default-in-west-bengal/articleshow/81432277.cms?from=mdr|access-date=2021-04-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; This realignment was often summarized by locals with the sentiment, &quot;This time [[Rama]] (referring to the BJP's 'Jay Shree Ram' slogan), next time Left.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bengal election में TMC-BJP के आगे Left factor की कलई खुद Congress की बयानबाजी ने खोल कर रख दी!| date=11 April 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTn0WR3w0kY|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Even Mamata Banerjee acknowledged this shift, remarking that &quot;CPM's harmads are all in BJP now,&quot; while Suvendu Adhikari confirmed on polling day that the region's old Leftists were rallying behind him.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=What does harmad mean? Delhi hunts|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/what-does-harmad-mean-delhi-hunts/cid/450324|website=Telegraph India}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Wahidur Rahaman|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=2806069166323217&amp;id=100007604834314|website=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Election campaign==<br /> The campaign for Nandigram was a high-stakes battle characterized by intense political maneuvering and volatile rhetoric. On 18 January, Mamata Banerjee announced her decision to contest the seat, a challenge immediately accepted by her former aide turned rival, [[Suvendu Adhikari]], who vowed to quit politics if he did not defeat the Chief Minister by at least 50,000 votes.{{efn|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=18 January 2021|title=Bengal polls: Mamata says will fight from Suvendu turf Nandigram; 'will defeat her or quit politics', he hits back|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/mamata-banerjee-west-bengal-polls-nandigram-7151222/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=প্রার্থী মমতা, উজ্জীবিত তৃণমূল|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/midnapore/tmc-workers-of-tamluk-enthusiastic-as-mamata-banerjee-herself-becomes-tmc-candidate/cid/1262248|website=Anandabazar|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Adhikari's campaign heavily emphasized demographic distinctiveness, a strategy media outlets described as an attempt to consolidate the Hindu vote.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Suvendu attempts polarisation in Nandigram, plays numbers card|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/suvendu-attempts-polarisation-in-nandigram-plays-numbers-card/articleshow/80355772.cms|website=The Times of India|date=20 January 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> The contest took a dramatic turn on 10 March when Banerjee, after filing her nomination, sustained injuries at the Birulia market. She alleged a conspiracy involving &quot;four-five people&quot; who she claimed pushed her, leading to her hospitalization in Kolkata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Mamata Banerjee 'attacked' in Nandigram: Key developments|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/west-bengal/mamata-banerjee-attacked-in-nandigram-key-developments/articleshow/81434254.cms|website=The Times of India|date=10 March 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; While BJP leaders, including [[Subramanian Swamy]], extended wishes for her recovery, the incident sparked a political firestorm.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=12 March 2021|title=বিরোধীদের কদর্য মন্তব্য ঘিরে নিন্দার ঝড় উঠল দেশজুড়ে|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=282985&amp;P=1&amp;nPID=20210312|website=bartamanpatrika.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt; Banerjee released a video message urging calm and was subsequently discharged to campaign from a wheelchair.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=11 March 2021|title=Mamata releases message from hospital, says, 'Please be calm'|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/mamata-releases-message-from-hospital-says-please-be-calm-101615453981707.html|website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=11 March 2021|title=Mamata Banerjee's Video Message: 'কর্মসূচির কোনও পরিবর্তন হবে না, প্রয়োজনে হুইল চেয়ারে যাব', বার্তা মমতার|url=https://bengali.abplive.com/videos/elections/mamata-banerjee-s-video-message-i-will-get-back-to-work-within-2-3-days-says-mamata-banerjee-805237|website=bengali.abplive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=12 March 2021|title=Mamata Banerjee discharged from hospital after 2 days, leaves on wheelchair|website=[[ThePrint]] |url=https://theprint.in/politics/mamata-banerjee-discharged-from-hospital-after-2-days-leaves-on-wheelchair/620842/}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Election Commission reviewed reports from local authorities and eyewitnesses regarding the incident, which occurred amidst a chaotic crowd.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Bangla|first=TV9|date=11 March 2021|title=দোকানের সামনে ভিড় ছিলই, মমতা গাড়ি থেকে পা নামাতেই আকস্মিক বিষয়টা ঘটে!|url=https://tv9bangla.com/kolkata/mamata-banerjee-injured-in-nandigram-what-exactly-happened-with-mamata-banerjee-in-nandigram-eyewitnesses-said-337736.html|website=TV9 Bangla|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> As the election heated up, external groups intervened; the Samyukt Kisan Morcha urged locals to vote against the BJP,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rakesh Tikait, Medha Patkar Share Stage in Nandigram, Ask People to Defeat BJP|url=https://thewire.in/politics/nandigram-rakesh-tikait-medha-patkar-bjp-west-bengal-election-farmers-protest|website=The Wire}}&lt;/ref&gt; while [[Yashwant Sinha]] joined the TMC, citing the &quot;attack&quot; on Banerjee as his tipping point to help &quot;save democracy.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Yashwant Sinha joins TMC, recalls Didi's 'hostage offer'|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/west-bengal/yashwant-sinha-joins-tmc-recalls-didis-hostage-offer/articleshow/81490052.cms|website=The Times of India|date=14 March 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Why Yashwant Sinha's Decision to Join the TMC Is Politically Significant|url=https://thewire.in/politics/yashwant-sinha-joins-tmc-politically-significant-bjp-mamata-banerjee|website=The Wire}}&lt;/ref&gt; Legal and procedural skirmishes followed. Adhikari demanded the rejection of Banerjee's nomination over alleged suppression of criminal cases in her affidavit—a claim the TMC refuted as a case of mistaken identity.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Service|first=Tribune News|title=Suvendu seeks rejection of Mamata's nomination for 'suppressing' info on criminal cases|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/suvendu-seeks-rejection-of-mamatas-nomination-for-suppressing-info-on-criminal-cases-225572|website=Tribuneindia News Service}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-03-16|title=Mamata Banerjee withheld info while filing nomination: Suvendu Adhikari|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/west-bengal/suvendu-adhikari-seeks-rejection-of-mamata-banerjees-nomination-for-suppressing-info-on-criminal-cases/articleshow/81511939.cms|website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-03-15|title=Suvendu urges EC to reject Mamata's papers, cites cases in Assam|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/suvendu-urges-ec-to-reject-mamata-s-papers-cites-cases-in-assam-101615832993832.html|website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; In a tit-for-tat move, the TMC sought the cancellation of Adhikari's nomination, questioning his residency status.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bengal polls: হলদিয়াতেও ভোটার শুভেন্দু, নন্দীগ্রাম থেকে নাম কাটার আর্জি নিয়ে কমিশনে তৃণমূল|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/west-bengal-election-2021-tmc-files-complaint-against-suvendu-adhikari-in-election-commission-as-his-name-appears-in-nandigram-and-haldia-constituency-dgtl/cid/1271463|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/west-bengal/article/tmc-seeks-rejection-of-suvendu-adhikari-s-nomination-from-nandigram/733559|title=TMC seeks rejection of Suvendu Adhikari's nomination for 'filing false particulars of residence'|website=Times Now|date=17 March 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/in-tit-for-tat-tmc-seeks-cancellation-of-suvendu-adhikaris-nomination-from-nandigram-7233056/|title=In tit-for-tat, TMC seeks cancellation of Suvendu Adhikari's nomination from Nandigram|date=17 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwe0Fiax9dc|title=শুভেন্দুর নাম বাতিলের দাবি|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Tensions on the ground escalated into violence. Adhikari faced protests from local groups,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/wb-election-suvendu-adhikari-faces-a-huge-protest-at-nandigram-dgtld/cid/1271501|title=Bengal polls: নন্দীগ্রামে ঝাঁটা-জুতো হাতে শুভেন্দুর পথ আটকাল তৃণমূলের প্রমীলা বাহিনী|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://eisamay.indiatimes.com/west-bengal-news/others/bjp-leader-suvendu-adhikari-faces-protest-at-nandigram/articleshow/81558153.cms|title=West Bengal Assembly Election 2021: নন্দীগ্রামে শুভেন্দুর কনভয়ের সামনে ঝাঁটা-জুতো হাতে মহিলাদের বিক্ষোভ|website=Ei Samay|date=18 March 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=18 March 2021|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=17&amp;nID=284159&amp;P=1&amp;nPID=20210318|title=নন্দীগ্রামে মহিলাদের তাড়া খেলেন শুভেন্দু|website=bartamanpatrika.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt; while clashes between TMC and BJP workers left several injured.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cHmopU0Lb2s|title=District News : ভোটের মুখে রক্ত ঝরল নন্দীগ্রামে, মোদি-মমতার প্রচারে ফিরল মাওবাদী প্রসঙ্গ|date=18 March 2021 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJSNQbIKd_o|title=Nandigram Clash : নন্দীগ্রামে মার-পাল্টা মার|date=18 March 2021 |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/wb-election-2021-violence-increases-in-nandigram-as-state-nears-poll-day-dgtld/cid/1271609|title=Bengal Polls: মার-পাল্টা মারে ফুটছে নন্দীগ্রাম, 'জঙ্গলরাজ চলছে', অভিযোগ করলেন শুভেন্দু|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt; Trinamool leaders lodged multiple complaints with the Election Commission, alleging that Adhikari was harboring &quot;outsiders&quot; and miscreants to disrupt the polls,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/wb-election-2021-suvendu-adhikari-gave-shelter-to-outsiders-in-nandigram-tmc-files-complaint-to-election-commission-dgtl/cid/1272357|title=Bengal Polls: নন্দীগ্রামে ৪টি বাড়িতে বহিরাগত জড়ো করেছেন শুভেন্দু, ঠিকানা ধরে কমিশনে নালিশ তৃণমূলের|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rk8SJgausxk|title=নন্দীগ্রামে বহিরাগতদের আশ্রয় দিচ্ছেন শুভেন্দু|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s91VE_X75Xo|title=নন্দীগ্রামে দুষ্কৃতী কমিশনে তৃণমূল|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Pabitra_Kar&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 March 2021|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=285282&amp;P=1&amp;nPID=20210324|title=বহিরাগত দুষ্কৃতী নন্দীগ্রামে জড়ো করেছে বিজেপি {{!}} মিশনে তৃণমূল|website=bartamanpatrika.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Opinion Poll : CNX Opinion Poll : 23.03.21: কী বলছে সিএনএক্স-এর তৃতীয় দফার সমীক্ষা?| date=24 March 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rA-f8SAV46M|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bengal Polls: নন্দীগ্রামে বাড়ির ছাদে জড়ো হয়েছে বহিরাগত দুষ্কৃতীরা, কমিশনে অভিযোগ তৃণমূলের|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/wb-election-2021-tmc-approaches-election-commission-regarding-peaceful-election-in-bengal-dgtl/cid/1272883|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=26 March 2021|title=নন্দীগ্রামে গুন্ডাদের আশ্রয় দিচ্ছেন শুভেন্দু, হামলার ষড়যন্ত্র হয়েছে, প্রমাণ সহ কমিশনে তৃণমূল|url=https://www.aajkaal.in/news/state/trinamool-parliamentary-delegation-briefed-the-media-after-meeting-the-election-commission-in-kolkata-fjux|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610085150/https://www.aajkaal.in/news/state/trinamool-parliamentary-delegation-briefed-the-media-after-meeting-the-election-commission-in-kolkata-fjux|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 June 2021|website=www.aajkaal.in|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt; an accusation the opposition denied. The situation remained volatile with reports of bombings and protests.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=WB First Phase Voting: নন্দীগ্রামে বোমাবাজিতে জখম মহিলা, প্রতিবাদে পথ অবরোধ TMC-র| date=27 March 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArPJTxJTcR4|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adhikari, however, remained confident, citing surveys predicting his victory.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|title=শুভেন্দুর ভরসা কলকাতা টিভি|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aa3wvQkc8l8|publisher=[[Kolkata TV|KOLKATA TV]]|via=[[YouTube]]|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> On the eve of the election, the EC imposed Section 144 and transferred key police officers to ensure fair play.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=31 March 2021|title=Election Commission orders transfer of 2 West Bengal police officers|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/west-bengal-assembly-polls-2021/story/election-commission-removes-bengal-returning-officer-others-1785393-2021-03-31|website=India Today}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Saha|first=Poulomi|date=1 April 2021|title=Bengal Election: Section 144 imposed in Nandigram ahead of polling|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/west-bengal-assembly-polls-2021/story/bengal-election-sec-144-imposed-in-nandigram-ahead-of-polling-1785600-2021-03-31|website=India Today}}&lt;/ref&gt; Controversy erupted over a viral audio clip of Sisir Adhikari seeking support for his son from a TMC functionary,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=1 April 2021|title=Audio clip of Sisir Adikari seeking help for son Suvendu from TMC leader goes viral|url=https://www.millenniumpost.in/kolkata/audio-clip-of-sisir-adikari-seeking-help-for-son-suvendu-from-tmc-leader-goes-viral-435932|website=www.millenniumpost.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; and police made arrests related to bomb supplies.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=31 March 2021|title=নন্দীগ্রামে নেতার কথায় বোমা সাপ্লাই করতে গিয়ে হাতেনাতে পাকড়াও বিজেপি সমর্থক|url=https://biswabanglasangbad.com/2021/04/01/nandigram-bjp-bomb-police-arrest-assembly-election/|work=বিশ্ব বাংলা সংবাদ|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt; Polling day on 1 April was marred by sporadic violence, mutual allegations of booth obstruction, and &quot;go back&quot; slogans directed at Adhikari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bengal Polls: বোমাবাজি, ভোটদানে বাধার অভিযোগকে ঘিরে উত্তপ্ত নন্দীগ্রাম|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/wb-election-2021-people-of-nandigram-are-standing-in-long-queue-to-cast-their-vote-dgtl/cid/1273677|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=শুভেন্দুকে 'গো ব্যাক', পালটা 'মমতার দুধেল গাই' বলে কটাক্ষ BJP প্রার্থীর|url=https://eisamay.indiatimes.com/west-bengal-news/haldia-news/trinamool-supporter-raise-go-back-slogan-at-suvendu-adhikari-at-satengabari-nandigram/articleshow/81826655.cms|website=Ei Samay|date=April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=EBBS Desk|date=1 April 2021|title=নন্দীগ্রামে শুভেন্দুর গাড়িকে লক্ষ্য করে ইট, গোব্যাক স্লোগান|url=https://biswabanglasangbad.com/2021/04/01/attack-at-shuvendus-car-in-nandigram/|website=বিশ্ব বাংলা সংবাদ}}&lt;/ref&gt; Clashes continued even after the polls closed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Service|first=Tribune News|title=West Bengal Assembly polls: Stray clashes in Nandigram a day after polling|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/west-bengal-assembly-polls-stray-clashes-in-nandigram-a-day-after-polling-233709|website=Tribuneindia News Service}}&lt;/ref&gt; Later, the EC issued a warning to Adhikari regarding a speech containing references to a &quot;Begum,&quot; which opponents labeled as communal, though Adhikari maintained he had made no personal attacks.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=9 April 2021|title=নন্দীগ্রামে উস্কানিমূলক মন্তব্যের জের, শুভেন্দুকেও নোটিস ধরাল কমিশন|url=https://aajkaal.in/news/title/wb-election-2021--election-commission-issues-notice-to-suvendu-adhikari-after-mamata-banerjee-jo59|website=www.aajkaal.in|language=bn|access-date=15 July 2021|archive-date=10 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610093000/https://aajkaal.in/news/title/wb-election-2021--election-commission-issues-notice-to-suvendu-adhikari-after-mamata-banerjee-jo59|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=9 April 2021|title=West Bengal Assembly Elections EC notice to Suvendu Adhikari over hate speech complaint|newspaper=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly/ec-notice-to-suvendu-adhikari-over-hate-speech-complaint/article34274947.ece|via=www.thehindu.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|agency=Press Trust of India|date=8 April 2021|title=EC notice to Suvendu Adhikari for communal overtones in his speech|newspaper=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/elections/ec-notice-to-suvendu-adhikari-for-communal-overtones-in-his-speech-121040801547_1.html|via=Business Standard}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Paliwal|first=Aishwarya|date=14 April 2021|title=Bengal polls: EC issues warning to Suvendu Adhikari for making derogatory statements in Nandigram speech|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/west-bengal-assembly-polls-2021/story/ec-warning-suvendu-adhikari-nandigram-hate-speech-1790429-2021-04-13|website=India Today}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Election results ==<br /> <br /> === 2021 ===<br /> In the 2021 elections, Suvendu Adhikari of Bharatiya Janata Party defeated his nearest rival Mamata Banerjee of Trinamool Congress. <br /> {{Election box begin|title=[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Nandigram]]&lt;ref name=Nandigram/&gt;&lt;ref name=210Nandigram/&gt;&lt;ref name=oneindia210/&gt;&lt;ref name=timesnow210/&gt;&lt;ref name=ceowb210/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=21 June 2021|title=West Bengal General Legislative Election 2021|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13605-west-bengal-general-legislative-election-2021/|work=Election Commission of India|access-date=8 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Suvendu Adhikari]]|votes=1,10,764|percentage=48.49|change=|}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=[[Mamata Banerjee]]|votes=1,08,808|percentage=47.64|change=|}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=[[Minakshi Mukherjee]]|votes=6,267|percentage=2.74|change=|}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|candidate=Manoj Kumar Das|votes=240|percentage=0.11|change=|}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent (politician)|candidate=|votes=1,236|percentage=0.54|change=|}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None of the Above|votes=1,090|percentage=0.48|change=-0.15|}}<br /> {{Election box majority||votes=1,956|percentage=0.85|change=-39.75}}<br /> {{Election box turnout||votes=2,28,467|percentage=88.55|change=+1.58}}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link||winner=Bharatiya Janata Party|loser=All India Trinamool Congress|swing=}}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> {{election table|title=[[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]] elections, 2021 &lt;br /&gt; Purba Medinipur district summary}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=West Bengal District Purba Vidhan Sabha Election results|url=https://www.indiavotes.com/district/ac/249/1194|work=IndiaVotes|access-date=25 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;&quot; width=225 |Party<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;&quot; |Seats won<br /> ! style=&quot;background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;&quot; |Seat change<br /> |-<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |[[Trinamool Congress]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | 9<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | {{decrease}}4<br /> |-<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | 7<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | {{increase}}7<br /> |-<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | 0<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | {{decrease}}2<br /> |-<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |[[Communist Party of India]]<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | 0<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; | {{decrease}}1<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Events on counting day ==<br /> The vote counting on 2 May turned into a nail-biting thriller, with all eyes fixed on the high-voltage Nandigram constituency.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2 May 2021|title=Mamata Banerjee wins Nandigram by 1,200 votes after close contest against BJP's Suvendu Adhikari|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/all-eyes-on-mamata-vs-suvendu-in-battleground-nandigram-101619918668396.html|website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; The process, scheduled for 17 rounds, was marred by server glitches and delays, creating an atmosphere of confusion.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=2021-05-02|title=Bengal Election Result: নন্দীগ্রামের ফল ঘোষণায় দেরি, সার্ভার সমস্যার কথা জানাল কমিশন|language=bn|website=Anandabazar|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/west-bengal-assembly-election-result-2021-tmc-claims-mamata-banerjee-will-won-nandigramdgtl/cid/1278950}}&lt;/ref&gt; Although Mamata Banerjee trailed in the initial rounds, the narrative briefly shifted during the 16th round counting of the Gokulnagar panchayat area, leading to premature reports of her victory.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=WB Election Result: দিদি নয়, নন্দীগ্রামে দাদার জয়, ১৬২২ ভোটে জিতেছেন শুভেন্দু|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/west-bengal-election-result-2021-mamata-banerjee-loses-in-nandigram-suvendu-adhikari-wins-dgtl/cid/1278994|access-date=2021-07-13|website=www.anandabazar.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt; However, following a significant delay in the 17th round involving postal ballots, the Election Commission officially declared that [[Suvendu Adhikari]] had defeated the Chief Minister by 1,956 votes.&lt;ref name=Nandigram/&gt;&lt;ref name=210Nandigram/&gt;&lt;ref name=oneindia210/&gt;&lt;ref name=timesnow210/&gt; The valid vote count stood at 228,405, and despite the tense atmosphere and beefed-up security at the Haldia counting centre, the BJP candidate emerged victorious in this prestige battle.<br /> While the Trinamool Congress (TMC) swept the state, Adhikari's win in Nandigram was a significant outlier. Union Ministers [[Rajnath Singh]] and [[Nirmala Sitharaman]] publicly congratulated Banerjee on her party's state-level success, while local BJP leaders hailed Adhikari's specific triumph.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite tweet|author=Rajnath Singh|user=rajnathsingh|number=1388804121482784768|date=2 May 2021|title=Congratulations to the Chief Minister of West Bengal, @MamataOfficial Didi on her party's victory in West Bengal assembly elections. My best wishes to her for her next tenure.|access-date=9 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607080944/https://twitter.com/rajnathsingh/status/1388804121482784768|archive-date=7 June 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite tweet|author=Nirmala Sitharaman|user=nsitharaman|number=1388809172909641728|date=2 May 2021|title=Congratulations @MamataOfficial didi on @AITCofficial being elected again in the Assembly election. Good wishes for your next tenure.|access-date=9 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607080941/https://twitter.com/nsitharaman/status/1388809172909641728|archive-date=7 June 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Op4OPCnhHYk|title=WB Election Results 2021 Live: নন্দীগ্রামে জয়, মমতাকে অভিনন্দন নির্মলা-রাজনাথের|date=2 May 2021 |via=www.youtube.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Conversely, poll strategist [[Prashant Kishor]], who had predicted the BJP would struggle to cross double digits, announced his exit from the profession, blaming the Election Commission for acting as an &quot;extension of the BJP.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite tweet|author=Prashant Kishor|user=PrashantKishor|number=1340882902628749317|date=21 December 2020|title=For all the hype AMPLIFIED by a section of supportive media, in reality BJP will struggle to CROSS DOUBLE DIGITS in #WestBengal PS: Please save this tweet and if BJP does any better I must quit this space!|access-date=16 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=WB Election Results 2021: 'পক্ষপাতদুষ্ট কমিশন', TMC-কে জিতিয়ে ভোটকুশলীর কাজ থেকে ছুটির ঘোষণা পিকের| website=[[YouTube]] | date=2 May 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=td0YMJkWREQ|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Prashant Kishor: 'Quitting this space', says Prashant Kishor as Trinamool Congress leads in West Bengal|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/west-bengal-assembly-elections-2021-quitting-this-space-says-prashant-kishore-as-trinamool-congress-leads-in-state/articleshow/82355361.cms}}&lt;/ref&gt; Media confusion added to the chaos, with outlets like [[Asian News International|ANI]] initially reporting a Banerjee win before correcting the record.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite tweet|author=ANI|user=ANI|number=1388809417672384514|date=2 May 2021|title=West Bengal CM Mamata Banerjee wins Nandigram constituency by 1200 votes, defeating BJP's Suvendu Adhikari. (File photo) https://t.co/kMzRKcmqJH|access-date=9 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525032313/https://twitter.com/ANI/status/1388809417672384514|archive-date=25 May 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=West Bengal polls: Mamata Banerjee wins from Nandigram|work=ANI News|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/politics/west-bengal-polls-mamata-banerjee-wins-from-nandigram20210502170219}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=2 May 2021|title=ট্যুইটারে মমতাকে অভ্যর্থনা|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqEgO3xUg6Q|publisher=[[Kolkata TV|KOLKATA TV]]|via=YouTube|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Banerjee's reaction was sharp. While she accepted the statewide mandate, claiming &quot;Bengal saved the country,&quot; she vehemently rejected the Nandigram result, alleging fraud, &quot;mafiagiri,&quot; and tampering.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=All India Trinamool Congress|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=780337375799008&amp;id=218904931482352|website=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=WB Election: করোনা মিটলে ২১ জুলাই ব্রিগেডে বিজয় সমাবেশ|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/wb-election-2021-tmc-to-celebrate-their-victory-at-brigade-after-corona-situation-improves-at-bengal/cid/1279236|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mamata Banerjee|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=207428104271514&amp;id=364551790278835|website=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=3 May 2021|title='নন্দীগ্রামের গণনায় কারচুপি হয়েছে, কোর্টে যাবে তৃণমূল'|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=292689&amp;P=1&amp;nPID=20210503|website=bartamanpatrika.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt; She claimed the Returning Officer had been threatened with suicide if he ordered a recount and criticized the Prime Minister for not calling her.{{efn|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=3 May 2021|title=Press conference at Kalighat I কালীঘাটে সাংবাদিক সম্মেলন।|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=188902356386217&amp;id=364551790278835|publisher=Mamata Banerjee|language=bn|via=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=3 May 2021|title=Press conference at Kalighat I কালীঘাটে সাংবাদিক সম্মেলন।|url= https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=188903109719475&amp;id=218904931482352|publisher=All India Trinamool Congress|language=bn|via=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=3 May 2021|title=বন্দুকের নলের মুখে নন্দীগ্রামে পুনর্গণনার নির্দেশ দেননি রিটার্নিং অফিসার, বিস্ফোরক Mamata Banerjee|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HoUITlN-mhI|publisher=ABP ANANDA|language=bn|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=3 May 2021|title=Nandigram returning officer was threatened by EC official, says Mamata|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2021/05/03/nandigram-returning-officer-was-threatened-by-ec-official-says-mamata.html|website=The Week}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=3 May 2021|title=Bengal elections: পুনর্গণনা দিলে প্রাণ সংশয়, নন্দীগ্রামের ভোটকর্তার বার্তা দেখালেন মমতা|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/wb-election-assembly-election-results-2021-mamata-banerjee-says-returninmg-officer-fears-he-will-be-killed-if-recounting-takes-place-in-nandigram-dgtl/cid/1279121|website=www.anandabazar.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=3 May 2021|title='রিটার্নিং অফিসার প্রাণনাশের হুমকি পেয়েছেন', নন্দীগ্রামকাণ্ডে চাঞ্চল্যকর দাবি মমতার|url=https://eisamay.indiatimes.com/west-bengal-news/kolkata-news/mamata-banerjee-shocking-claim-on-nandigram-counting-in-bengal-elections/articleshow/82369629.cms|website=Ei Samay|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=3 May 2021|title=রিটার্নিং অফিসারকে খুনের হুমকি দেওয়া হয়েছিল, নন্দীগ্রামের হার বিস্ফোরক মমতা বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়|url=https://bangla.asianetnews.com/west-bengal-election/suddenly-every-thing-changed-mamata-banerjee-says-about-nandigram-vote-counting-bsm-qsj1qk|website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=4 May 2021|title=খুনের হুমকিতেই পুনর্গণনায় রাজি হননি রিটার্নিং অফিসার {{!}} নন্দীগ্রামে ষড়যন্ত্র নিয়ে বিস্ফোরক মমতা|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=292856&amp;P=1&amp;nPID=20210504|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} The Election Commission, however, stood by the result, providing security to the officer and stating that recounting decisions lay solely with the Returning Officer; a TMC delegation demanding a recount was rebuffed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bengal Election Result: নন্দীগ্রামে পুনর্গণনা চেয়ে কমিশনের দ্বারস্থ তৃণমূল নেতৃত্ব|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/west-bengal-assembly-election-result-2021tmc-wants-recounting-at-nandigram-dgtl/cid/1279034|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=sangbadpratidin&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-02|title=পরিবর্তন নয় প্রত্যাবর্তন, ২০০'র বেশি আসন নিয়ে বাংলার মসনদে ফের তৃণমূল-ই|url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/bengal/wb-elections-result-tmc-wins-more-than-200-seats-in-bengal/|website=www.sangbadpratidin.in|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=4 May 2021|title=Security provided to returning officer of Nandigram Assembly constituency: WB govt informs EC|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/west-bengal/security-provided-to-returning-officer-of-nandigram-assembly-constituency-wb-govt-informs-ec/articleshow/82388327.cms|work=The Economic Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=5 May 2021|title=নন্দীগ্রামের সেই রিটার্নিং অফিসারকে সুরক্ষা দিতে রাজ্যকে নির্দেশ কমিশনের {{!}} মমতার পরাজয়ে কারচুপির কথা তুলল কংগ্রেসও|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=292996&amp;P=7&amp;nPID=20210505|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Adhikari's victory was statistically notable given that the TMC swept the broader Medinipur region, winning 9 of 16 seats in East Midnapore and dominating neighboring districts. Interestingly, the BJP trailed in the specific booth where the Adhikari family cast their votes.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=EBBS Desk|date=2 May 2021|title=পূর্ব মেদিনীপুরে ভেঙে চুরমার অধিকারী গড়ের মিথ, নন্দীগ্রাম নিয়ে আদালতে যাবে তৃণমূল|url=https://biswabanglasangbad.com/2021/05/02/adhikari-myth-demolished-in-medinipur-west-bengal/|website=বিশ্ব বাংলা সংবাদ}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=নন্দীগ্রামে জিতলেও মেদিনীপুর রইল তৃণমূলের, জিতেও কার্যত হেরেছেন শুভেন্দুই|url=https://bangla.asianetnews.com/west-bengal-election/nandigram-remained-to-the-tmc-shuvendu-adhikari-practically-lost-even-after-winning-qsizax|website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Live: নন্দীগ্রাম এবং অবিভক্ত মেদিনীপুর। ভোট বিশ্লেষণে Kunal Ghosh| date=3 May 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ek6c0zqI9s|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|date=2021-05-06|title=কাঁটা অধিকারী বুথেও, 'ব্যাকফুটে' পদ্ম শিবির|language=bn|work=Hindustantimes Bangla|url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/2021/bjp-is-lagging-behind-in-kanthi-where-adhikari-family-cast-their-vote/31620280736679.html}}{{dead link|date=February 2026|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&lt;/ref&gt; Following the results, a leaked audio conversation surfaced involving Adhikari and a BJP worker, where Adhikari discussed the voting patterns of the Hindu community and the protection of his supporters, referring to &quot;militants&quot; he would shelter—a point of contention for his critics.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=2021-05-04|title=নাটকীয় নন্দীগ্রাম ভোটের ফলের কারচুপি নিয়ে West Bengal Assembly Election 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLvNjN97ZEk|publisher=NK Digital Magazine|via=YouTube|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=2021-05-04|title=শুভেন্দুর কল ফাঁস {{!}} বিস্ফোরক শুভেন্দু {{!}} #NirbhikUttor|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1090274218126778&amp;id=265613650592843|publisher=Nirbhik Uttor|via=Facebook|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-05-05|title=প্রলয় পালের সঙ্গে কথোপকথনের অডিও ঘিরে শোরগোল|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=293008&amp;P=7&amp;nPID=20210505|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> The aftermath saw intensified political theatre. TMC workers staged dharnas in Haldia and Kolkata, demanding a recount and blocking Adhikari's vehicle.{{efn|&lt;ref name=sangbadpratidin/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=2021-05-02|title=WB Election Result 2021 {{!}} Suvendu Adhikari {{!}} Nandigram {{!}} নন্দীগ্রামে শুভেন্দু পৌছতেই ব্যাপক উত্তেজনা|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7W2JT6g1tNs|publisher=TV9BanglaLive|via=YouTube|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-03|title= নন্দীগ্রামে পুনর্গণনার দাবিতে হলদিয়ায় এসিডও অফিসের সামনে অবস্থান বিক্ষোভে তৃণমূল সমর্থকরা|url=https://biswabanglasangbad.com/2021/05/03/nandigram-sdo-office-haldia-agitation/|website=biswabanglasangbad.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-03|title=নন্দীগ্রামের ভোটের ফের গননার দাবিতে হলদিয়ায় তৃণমূলের ধর্না ও বিক্ষোভ|url=https://www.duniabangla.com/নন্দীগ্রামের-ভোটের-ফের-গ/|website=www.duniabangla.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-04|title=নন্দীগ্রামে পুনর্গণনার দাবিতে তৃণমূল কংগ্রেসের ধর্না, অবস্থান-বিক্ষোভ|url=https://www.aponzonepatrika.com/news/trinamool-congress-protests-in-nandigram-demanding-recount/12063|website=www.aponzonepatrika.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-05|title=বাগমারিতে তৃণমূলের ধর্ণামঞ্চে দাবি: নন্দীগ্রামে পুনর্গণনা চাই|url=https://biswabanglasangbad.com/2021/05/05/tmc-dharna-demanding-recounting-in-nandigram/|website=biswabanglasangbad.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-05|title=বাগমারিতে তৃণমূলের ধর্ণামঞ্চে দাবি: নন্দীগ্রামে পুনর্গণনা চাই|url=https://biswabanglasangbad.com/2021/05/05/tmc-dharna-demanding-recounting-in-nandigram-2/|website=biswabanglasangbad.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Tensions peaked when TMC activists identified unlocked trunks and uncounted EVMs at the Haldia counting centre, leading to police intervention and the eventual transfer of the machines to administrative custody under Central Force security.{{efn|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-06|title=হার-জিতের বিতর্ক শেষ, জেলাশাসকের তৎপরতায় নন্দীগ্রাম থেকে EVM পাড়ি দিল হলদিয়ায়|url=https://bangla.asianetnews.com/west-bengal-election/evm-machine-has-been-sent-to-haldia-from-nandigram-assembly-constituency-in-the-presence-of-the-dm-qsom8v|website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-06|title=Bengal Polls: অবশেষে হলদিয়ার গণনাকেন্দ্র ছেড়ে মহকুমা শাসকের হেফাজতে গেল নন্দীগ্রামের ইভিএম|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/wb-election-2021-evm-and-postal-ballot-of-nandigram-sent-to-administrative-custody-amid-agitation-of-tmc-dgtld/cid/1279620|website=www.anandabazar.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=2021-05-06|title=নন্দীগ্রাম ভোটগণনায় বিজেপিকে জেতানোর জন্য চুরি!|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PkfIEpdK2M4|publisher=Biswa Bangla Sangbad|via=YouTube|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-05-07|title=নন্দীগ্রামের ইভিএম ভর্তি একটি বাক্সে তালা নেই {{!}} তুমুল শোরগোল|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=293334&amp;P=5&amp;nPID=20210507|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-07|title=গণনাকেন্দ্র থেকে বেরল নন্দীগ্রামের সেই EVM|url=https://eisamay.indiatimes.com/west-bengal-news/haldia-news/evm-machine-of-nandigram-poll-is-finally-out-of-polling-station/articleshow/82432979.cms|website=Ei Samay|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-07|title=চাঞ্চল্যকর ! স্ট্রংরুম থেকে উদ্ধার হলো নন্দীগ্রামের গণনা না করা ১২টি EVM, ষড়যন্ত্র ফাঁস|url=https://biswabanglasangbad.com/2021/05/07/nandigram-evm/|website=biswabanglasangbad.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Adhikari's narrow but decisive victory turned Nandigram into a persistent bone of contention, leading Mamata Banerjee to challenge the result in the [[Calcutta High Court]].<br /> <br /> ==Aftermath==<br /> === Court proceedings ===<br /> The electoral verdict of Nandigram quickly escalated into a legal tug-of-war. On 17 June, an election petition was filed before the Calcutta High Court on behalf of Mamata Banerjee, challenging Suvendu Adhikari's victory.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=17 June 2021|title=Mamata Banerjee challenges Suvendu Adhikari's Nandigram win in Calcutta High Court|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mamata-banerjee-challenges-suvendu-adhikari-s-nandigram-win-in-calcutta-hc-101623948924307.html|website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; The matter was initially listed before a single-judge bench of Justice Kaushik Chanda. During a brief hearing, the court dispensed with the petitioner's physical presence, citing Supreme Court precedents, but directed the administration to verify if the petition complied with the Representation of the People Act.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Calcutta High Court: মমতার উপস্থিতিতে আইনজীবীদের বিজেপি-র কাঠামো বোঝালেন বিচারপতি চন্দ|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/the-organizational-structure-of-the-bjp-came-up-in-the-nandigram-case-in-the-calcutta-high-court-dgtl/cid/1288944|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt; However, the proceedings hit an immediate roadblock when Banerjee's counsel, [[Abhishek Singhvi]], sought Justice Chanda's recusal, citing his past association with the BJP.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Judge reserves order on Mamata Banerjee's recusal plea over his BJP links|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/judge-reserves-order-on-mamata-banerjees-recusal-plea-over-his-bjp-links/articleshow/83814308.cms|website=The Times of India|date=24 June 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> This period saw a broader conflict between the ruling party and the judiciary. On 27 June, the Bar Council of West Bengal wrote to the [[Chief Justice of India]] (CJI) demanding the removal of Acting Chief Justice [[Rajesh Bindal]], alleging partiality in cases involving the state, specifically mentioning the [[Narada sting operation|Narada]] and Nandigram matters.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Upadhyay|first=Sparsh|date=27 June 2021|title=Bar Council Of West Bengal Chairman Writes To CJI Seeking Removal Of Calcutta HC Acting CJ Rajesh Bindal|url=https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/bar-council-of-west-bengal-writes-to-cji-seeking-removal-of-calcutta-hc-acting-cj-rajesh-bindal-176380|website=www.livelaw.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=28 June 2021|title=Bar Council of West Bengal writes to CJI, seeks removal of Acting Chief Justice Rajesh Bindal|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/bar-council-west-bengal-cji-justice-rajesh-bindal-tmc-narada-case-1820087-2021-06-28|work=India Today|access-date=1 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; By September, the Supreme Court Collegium recommended transferring Justice Bindal to the [[Allahabad High Court]] and appointing Justice [[Prakash Shrivastava]] as the Chief Justice of Calcutta High Court, a transition completed in October.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=17 September 2021|title=Calcutta High Court acting Chief Justice set to be moved to Allahabad|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/calcutta-high-court-acting-chief-justice-set-to-be-moved-to-allahabad-7514690/|work=The Indian Express|access-date=1 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=17 September 2021|title=Collegium recommends appointment of Justice Rajesh Bindal as Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court|url=https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/collegium-recommends-appointment-of-justice-rajesh-bindal-as-chief-justice-of-allahabad-high-court|work=Bar and Bench|access-date=1 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=17 September 2021|title=SC Collegium clears Justice Rajesh Bindal's name for elevation as Chief Justice of Allahabad HC|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/sc-collegium-clears-justice-rajesh-bindals-name-for-elevation-as-chief-justice-of-allahabad-hc-312559|work=The Tribune|access-date=1 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=21 September 2021|title=SC Collegium Proposes To Appoint Justice Rajesh Bindal As Chief Justice Of Allahabad High Court -Read Statement|url=https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/justice-rajesh-bindal-be-appointed-chief-justice-of-allahabad-high-court-collegium-recommends-182073|website=livelaw.in|access-date=1 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=17 September 2021|title=SC collegium recommends eight names for appointment as chief justices in HCs|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/sc-collegium-decides-on-appointment-transfers-of-hc-judges-to-send-list-to-govt/articleshow/86287378.cms|work=The Times of India|access-date=1 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=17 September 2021|title=CHC: কলকাতা হাইকোর্টের নতুন প্রধান বিচারপতি প্রকাশ শ্রীবাস্তব {{!}} Bangla News {{!}} ABP Ananda Videos|url=https://bengali.abplive.com/videos/news/kolkata-chc-new-chief-justice-of-the-calcutta-high-court-is-prakash-srivastava-bangla-news-835691|work=ABP Ananda Live|access-date=1 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=18 September 2021|title=কলকাতা হাইকোর্টের প্রধান বিচারপতি পদে প্রকাশ শ্রীবাস্তব {{!}} কেন্দ্রকে প্রস্তাব কলেজিয়ামের, বিন্দল যাচ্ছেন এলাহাবাদে|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=319571&amp;P=1&amp;nPID=20210918|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn|access-date=11 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=6 October 2021|title=হাইকোর্টের ভারপ্রাপ্ত প্রধান বিচারপতির বিদায় সংবর্ধনা|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=323036&amp;P=4&amp;nPID=20211006|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn|access-date=11 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=9 October 2021|title=Breaking: Centre Notifies The Appointment Of Justice Rajesh Bindal As The Chief Justice Of Allahabad High Court|url=https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/centre-appoints-justice-rajesh-bindal-chief-justice-allahabad-high-court-183482|work=LiveLaw.in|access-date=11 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=9 October 2021|title=মিলল শিলমোহর, কলকাতা হাইকোর্টের নয়া প্রধান বিচারপতির প্রকাশ শ্রীবাস্তব|url=https://bangla.aajtak.in/kolkata/story/justice-prakash-srivastava-appoint-new-chief-justice-calcutta-high-court-sus-304120-2021-10-09|work=Aaj Tak Bangla|language=bn|access-date=11 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=11 October 2021|title=Calcutta high court to get a new chief justice today|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/calcutta-hc-to-get-a-new-chief-justice-today/articleshow/86922157.cms|work=The Times of India|access-date=11 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=11 October 2021|title=Justice Prakash Shrivastava takes oath as Chief Justice of Calcutta HC|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/west-bengal/story/justice-prakash-shrivastava-calcutta-high-court-chief-justice-1863439-2021-10-11|work=India Today|access-date=12 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Meanwhile, on 7 July, Justice Chanda recused himself from the Nandigram case but not without imposing a ₹5 lakh penalty on Banerjee for the manner in which the recusal was sought.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=7 July 2021|title=Judge recuses self from hearing Nandigram poll plea, imposes Rs 5 lakh cost on Mamata Banerjee|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/judge-recuses-self-from-hearing-nandigram-poll-plea-imposes-rs-5-lakh-cost-on-mamata-banerjee/articleshow/84197786.cms|website=Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; TMC leaders, including Sheikh Sufiyan, vowed to challenge the penalty in the Supreme Court.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=আজকের জেলার সারাদিন|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQsdLbMPMpw|publisher=[[Kolkata TV|KOLKATA TV]]|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=নন্দিগ্রাম মামলায় নেই বিচারপতি চন্দ|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUzlXxjMfcE|publisher=[[Kolkata TV|KOLKATA TV]]|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> The wave of litigation was not confined to Nandigram. Multiple defeated TMC candidates filed petitions, including Alo Rani Sarkar (Bangaon South, lost by 2,004 votes), Manas Mazumder (Goghat, lost by 4,147 votes), Sangram Dolui (Moyna, lost by 1,260 votes),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=নন্দীগ্রাম, বলরামপুরের পর এ বার ময়না, শুক্রবার পুনর্গণনা মামলার শুনানির সম্ভাবনা|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/after-nandigram-balrampur-recounting-in-mayna-constituency-case-is-likely-to-be-heard-on-friday-dgtld/cid/1288955|website=Anandabazar}}&lt;/ref&gt; and Shantiram Mahato (Balarampur, lost by 423 votes).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=আনন্দ|first=ওয়েব ডেস্ক, এবিপি|date=19 June 2021|title=অল্প ব্যবধানে হারা আসনে পুনর্গননা চেয়ে আদালতে যাবে বিজেপি, জানালেন দিলীপ|url=https://bengali.abplive.com/news/states/bjp-bengal-president-dilip-ghosh-says-party-will-move-court-for-recounting-of-poll-results-2021-819840|website=bengali.abplive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; The High Court directed the preservation of all polling documents in these cases.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nandigram ছাড়া আরও চার আসনের Vote-এর ফল Challenge করে High Court-এ Trinamool, দেখুন Video| date=18 June 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EtwLdH4WZR0|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=19 June 2021|title=আগামী বৃহস্পতিবার নন্দীগ্রাম মামলার শুনানি|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=300778&amp;P=5&amp;nPID=20210619|website=bartamanpatrika.com|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt; Conversely, BJP candidates also challenged results: Kalyan Chaubey contested the Maniktala verdict (lost by approx. 20,000 votes), and Jitendra Tiwari challenged the Pandabeswar result,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=29 June 2021|title=Pandabeswar Election Petition : 'পাণ্ডবেশ্বরে ভোট গণনায় কারচুপি', চ্যালেঞ্জ করে হাইকোর্টে জিতেন্দ্র তিওয়ারি {{!}} ABP Ananda Videos|url=https://bengali.abplive.com/videos/news/politics-bjp-candidate-jitendra-tiwari-challenged-the-election-result-in-high-court-821182|website=bengali.abplive.com|language=bn|access-date=15 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite tweet |number=1409856969565896704 |user=ANI |title=BJP leader Jitendra Tiwari (File photo) files PIL in Calcutta High Court over the result of Pandabeswar Assembly seat where he was defeated by TMC candidate Narendranth Chakraborty. Matter likely to be heard next week. |date=29 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=30 June 2021|title=BJP candidate files plea in HC over Bengal poll defeat|url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/the-asian-age/20210630/281552293837309|website=PressReader|access-date=15 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; which the court admitted in July.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=14 July 2021|title=Breaking News : Pandrabeshwar-এর জয়ী TMC প্রার্থীকে এবার Notice-এর নির্দেশ High Court-এর|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TlWFXzHUf_g|publisher=News18 Bangla|via=YouTube|language=bn|access-date=15 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 July 2021|title=Calcutta HC admits election petition of BJP leader|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/calcutta-hc-admits-election-petition-of-bjp-leader/2120933|website=Outlook India|access-date=15 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 July 2021|title=Calcutta High Court admits election petition of BJP leader Jitendra Kumar Tiwari|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/east-and-northeast/calcutta-high-court-admits-election-petition-of-bjp-leader-jitendra-kumar-tiwari-1008716.html|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=15 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; In Alo Rani Sarkar's case, allegations surfaced regarding central forces influencing voters and false affidavits by the winning BJP candidate, matters the court set for verification.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=16 July 2021|title=ভোট বাতিল মামলায় প্রার্থীদের হাজিরার নির্দেশ|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z-cwSZBaySc|via=YouTube|language=bn|access-date=15 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=16 July 2021|title=আজকের সেরা পনেরোটি খবর একসাথে|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xmLTKz8Xq4|via=YouTube|language=bn|access-date=15 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=17 July 2021|title=৩ বিধানসভা কেন্দ্রের ভোটযন্ত্র, যাবতীয় তথ্য সংরক্ষণের নির্দেশ|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=12&amp;nID=306697&amp;P=9&amp;nPID=20210717|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn|access-date=15 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Following Justice Chanda's recusal, the Nandigram case was assigned to Justice Shampa Sarkar. On 14 July, the High Court issued notices to Suvendu Adhikari and the Election Commission to preserve all records.{{fact|date=February 2025}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 July 2021|title=Nandigram Petition: HC Serves Notice on Suvendu Adhikari, Asks EC to Preserve All Records|url=https://thewire.in/law/nandigram-petition-suvendu-adhikari-calcutta-hc|access-date=15 September 2021|website=The Wire}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 July 2021|title=Preserve Nandigram poll records, Calcutta HC tells EC|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/preserve-nandigram-poll-records-cal-hc-tells-ec/articleshow/84427990.cms|access-date=15 September 2021|website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adhikari, however, moved the Supreme Court seeking the transfer of the case outside West Bengal, a move that led the High Court to adjourn hearings repeatedly from August through November to await the apex court's decision.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 July 2021|title=Nandigram Petition: Suvendu Adhikari Moves SC Seeking Transfer of Mamata Banerjee's Plea|url=https://thewire.in/politics/nandigram-petition-suvendu-adhikari-moves-sc-seeking-transfer-of-mamata-banerjees-plea|access-date=15 September 2021|website=The Wire}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=12 August 2021|title=Suvendu Adhikari moves SC, seeks transfer of Nandigram poll plea|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/city/kolkata/suvendu-adhikari-moves-sc-seeks-transfer-of-nandigram-poll-plea/videoshow/85273478.cms|access-date=15 September 2021|website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=13 August 2021|title=Court Adjourns Hearing On Mamata Banerjee's Plea Against Nandigram Poll Result Till November 15|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/calcutta-high-court-adjourns-hearing-on-mamata-banerjees-plea-against-nandigram-poll-result-till-november-15-2509242|access-date=15 September 2021|website=NDTV}}&lt;/ref&gt; Throughout this period, Banerjee continued to publicly allege rigging, claiming at rallies in September that VVPATs were not counted and machines were crushed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=8 September 2021|title=ভবানীপুরের কর্মীসভায়।Workers' convention at Bhabanipur|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=438889697470688&amp;id=218904931482352|publisher=All India Trinamool Congress|language=bn|access-date=15 September 2021|via=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=8 September 2021|title=ভবানীপুরের কর্মীসভায়।Workers' convention at Bhabanipur|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=438888827470775&amp;id=364551790278835|publisher=Mamata Banerjee|language=bn|access-date=15 September 2021|via=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=8 September 2021|title=ভবানীপুরের কর্মীসভায় । Workers' convention at Bhabanipur|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kpiEkcjM3JE|publisher=AITC Official|language=bn|access-date=15 September 2021|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=20 September 2021|title=ইভিএম পরীক্ষা থেকে ভোটপর্ব, কড়া নজরদারির নির্দেশ মমতার|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=12&amp;nID=319944&amp;P=1&amp;nPID=20210920|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn|access-date=20 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=24 September 2021|title=ভবানীপুর বিধানসভার অন্তর্গত ৭১ নং ব্লকে নির্বাচনী প্রচারে।|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=524244828917090&amp;id=218904931482352|publisher=All India Trinamool Congress|language=bn|access-date=25 September 2021|via=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=24 September 2021|title=ভবানীপুর বিধানসভার অন্তর্গত ৭১ নং ব্লকে নির্বাচনী প্রচারে।|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=524226328918940&amp;id=364551790278835|publisher=Mamata Banerjee|language=bn|access-date=25 September 2021|via=Facebook}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media|date=24 September 2021|title=শম্ভুনাথ পণ্ডিত স্ট্রিটে প্রচারে তৃণমূল নেত্রী|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-l7-jej-m7U|publisher=[[Kolkata TV|Kolkata Tv]]|language=bn|access-date=25 September 2021|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> By mid-November, the legal battle intensified. Adhikari appealed to the High Court to adjourn proceedings pending the Supreme Court's ruling, a stance opposed by the Advocate General.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=Suvendu Adhikari: দুপুরে হাইকোর্টে নন্দীগ্রাম মামলার শুনানি, সকালেই অন্য কৌশল শুভেন্দু অধিকারীর!|url=https://bengali.news18.com/news/kolkata/suvendu-adhikaris-new-appeal-to-calcutta-high-court-on-nandigram-case-sb-689846.html|work=News18 Bangla|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=হাই কোর্টে নন্দীগ্রাম মামলা পিছোনোর আবেদন শুভেন্দুর|url=https://kolkatatv.org/kolkata/nandigram-vote-counting-case-in-calcutta-high-court/|work=[[Kolkata TV]]|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021 |last1=Admin |first1=Admin }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=নন্দীগ্রাম মামলা: ফের কলকাতা হাই কোর্টে পিছিয়ে গেল শুনানি|url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/kolkata/calcutta-hc-postpones-nandigram-case-hearing/|work=Sangbad Pratidin|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; The High Court directed Adhikari to submit a written statement by 29 November explaining his lack of confidence in the state judiciary.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=Nandigram Vote counting case: কেন কলকাতা হাই কোর্টে অনাস্থা, শুভেন্দুকে লিখিত বক্তব্য জমা দিতে হবে ২৯ নভেম্বরের মধ্যে|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/mamata-banerjees-nandigram-vote-counting-case-hearing-in-calcutta-high-court-dgtl/cid/1313802|work=Anandabazar|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=২৯ নভেম্বরের মধ্যে হলফনামা, শুভেন্দুকে চূড়ান্ত সময়সীমা হাই কোর্টের|url=https://kolkatatv.org/west-bengal/nandigram-vote-counting-case-high-court-sought-an-affidavit-from-shuvendu-adhikari/|work=[[Kolkata TV]]|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021 |last1=Admin |first1=Admin }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=Nandigram election: Calcutta HC grants Suvendu Adhikari time to file written statement|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/east-and-northeast/nandigram-election-calcutta-hc-grants-suvendu-adhikari-time-to-file-written-statement-1051107.html|work=Deccan Herald|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=Calcutta HC Seeks Response From Suvendu Adhikari By Nov 29 In Mamata Banerjee's Election Petition Against Nandigram Results, Next Hearing On Dec 1|url=https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/calcutta-hc-seeks-response-from-suvendu-adhikari-by-nov-29-in-mamata-banerjees-election-petition-against-nandigram-results-next-hearing-on-dec-1-185597|work=LiveLaw.in|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Simultaneously, Supreme Court hearings were delayed due to scheduling issues, though Justice Hima Kohli remarked to Adhikari's counsel that presuming the High Court would be unfair was &quot;misconceived.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 November 2021|title=Nandigram Election petition: নন্দীগ্রাম মামলা একই দিনে দিল্লি ও কলকাতায়, সুপ্রিম কোর্টে শুভেন্দু, হাই কোর্টে মমতা|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/on-monday-may-be-the-hearing-of-nandigram-vote-counting-case-in-the-supreme-court-dgtl/cid/1313655|work=Anandabazar|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 November 2021|title=Nandigram Case: নজরে মমতা-শুভেন্দু দ্বৈরথ! সোমবার 'নন্দীগ্রাম মামলা'র শুনানি সুপ্রিম কোর্ট ও হাইকোর্টে...|url=https://bengali.news18.com/news/kolkata/nandigram-case-mamata-banerjee-vs-suvendu-adhikari-case-hearing-on-high-court-and-supreme-court-might-be-tomorrow-sanj-689538.html|work=News18 Bangla|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=Nandigram Case: মমতা বনাম শুভেন্দু! আজই নন্দীগ্রাম মামলার শুনানি সুপ্রিম ও হাইকোর্টে|url=https://aajkaal.in/news/state/nandigram-case-hearing-on-high-court-and-supreme-court-a76i|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115192014/https://aajkaal.in/news/state/nandigram-case-hearing-on-high-court-and-supreme-court-a76i|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 November 2021|work=Aajkaal|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=নন্দীগ্রাম মামলা: ভোটগণনা নিয়ে জোড়া শুনানি সুপ্রিম কোর্ট ও হাই কোর্টে|url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/kolkata/hearing-of-nandigram-election-counting-case-both-at-supreme-court-and-calcutta-hc-on-monday/|work=Sangbad Pratidin|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=16 November 2021|title=নন্দীগ্রাম মামলা সরাতে চান কেন, শীর্ষ আদালতের প্রশ্ন শুভেন্দুর আইনজীবীকে {{!}} 'আলাপন মামলা কলকাতা হাইকোর্ট শুনলে ক্ষতি কী', মন্তব্য বিচারপতির|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=13&amp;nID=330620&amp;P=7&amp;nPID=20211116|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn|access-date=16 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; The legal gridlock continued into the new year. Adhikari submitted his statement in December, and on 3 January 2022, the Supreme Court ordered a 14-day stay on the transfer appeal.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=29 November 2021|title=আজ সুপ্রিম কোর্টে নন্দীগ্রাম মামলার শুনানি, শাসক–বিরোধীর সওয়ালে নজর|url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/nation-and-world/nandigram-case-hearing-today-at-supreme-court-31638155635994.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211129214022/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/nation-and-world/nandigram-case-hearing-today-at-supreme-court-31638155635994.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 November 2021|work=Hindustan Times Bangla|language=bn|access-date=30 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=29 November 2021|title=Suvendu Adhikari: শুভেন্দু অধিকারীর আর্জিতে সাড়া দেবে সুপ্রিম কোর্ট? নন্দীগ্রাম মামলায় তাকিয়ে সব পক্ষ|url=https://bengali.news18.com/news/national/suvendu-adhikaris-appeal-on-nandigram-case-may-hearing-today-at-supreme-court-sb-696920.html|work=News18 Bangla|language=bn|access-date=30 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=29 November 2021|title=নন্দীগ্রাম ভোট মামলার শুনানি: শুভেন্দুর আবেদনে সাড়া দেবে সুপ্রিম কোর্ট?|url=https://bengali.indianexpress.com/general-news/nandigram-election-counting-case-in-supreme-court-updates-379431/|work=The Indian Express Bangla|language=bn|access-date=30 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=1 December 2021|title=৭ জানুয়ারি পর্যন্ত স্থগিত মমতার নন্দীগ্রাম মামলা|url=https://kolkatatv.org/notice/%e0%a7%ad-%e0%a6%9c%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%81%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%bc%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b0%e0%a6%bf-%e0%a6%aa%e0%a6%b0%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a4-%e0%a6%b8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a5%e0%a6%97/|work=[[Kolkata TV]]|language=bn|access-date=1 December 2021|archive-date=1 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201175843/https://kolkatatv.org/notice/%E0%A7%AD-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%97/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=1 December 2021|title=Nandigram Re-counting case: নন্দীগ্রাম কেন্দ্রের ফলাফল পুনর্গণনা মামলার শুনানি ফের পিছোল|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/bengali/west-bengal/city/kolkata/nandigram-re-counting-case-in-calcutta-high-court-deferred/wb20211201175338995|work=ETV Bharat|language=bn|access-date=1 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=2 January 2022|title=Nandigram Case: নন্দীগ্রাম মামলা ভিনরাজ্যে সরানোর আবেদনে সোমবার শুনানি শীর্ষ আদালতে|url=https://tv9bangla.com/india/supreme-court-to-hear-hear-tomorrow-plea-of-bjp-leader-suvendu-adhikari-over-nandigram-case-487475.html|work=TV9 Bangla|language=bn|access-date=8 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=3 January 2022|title=Nandigram Case: নন্দীগ্রাম মামলা ভিনরাজ্যে সরানোর আবেদনে স্থগিতাদেশ শীর্ষ আদালতের|url=https://kolkatatv.org/west-bengal/nandigram-case-supreme-court-adjourns-suvendu-adhikaris-plea-seeking-transfer-of-mamata-banerjees-election-petition-from-calcutta-high-court/|work=[[Kolkata TV]]|language=bn|access-date=8 January 2022 |last1=Admin |first1=Admin }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=3 January 2022|title=SC adjourns for 2 weeks Suvendu Adhikari's plea seeking transfer of Mamata Banerjee's plea from Calcutta HC|url=https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/politics/1869260-sc-adjourns-for-2-weeks-suvendu-adhikaris-plea-seeking-transfer-of-mamata-banerjees-plea-from-calcutta-hc|work=Devdiscourse|access-date=10 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Amidst the legal maneuvering, expelled BJP leader Surajit Saha controversially claimed that the party had deployed men from Howrah to Nandigram to secure Adhikari's victory, adding further fuel to the political fire.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=15 December 2021|title=শুভেন্দুকে জেতাতে লোক পাঠানো হয়েছিল নন্দীগ্রামে, বিস্ফোরক সুরজিৎ|url=https://kolkatatv.org/district-news/surajit-saha-talked-about-assembly-polls-2021/|work=[[Kolkata TV]]|language=bn|access-date=8 January 2022 |last1=Admin |first1=Admin }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> * [[2016–21 West Bengal Legislative Assembly by-elections]]<br /> * [[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]<br /> * [[2021 elections in India]]<br /> * [[2019 Indian general election in West Bengal]]<br /> * [[2018 West Bengal Panchayat elections]]<br /> * [[2018 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> ===Notes===<br /> {{Notelist}}<br /> <br /> ===Citations===<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [https://eci.gov.in/files/category/94-west-bengal/ West Bangal General Legislative Election] at the ''[[Election Commission of India]]''<br /> <br /> {{West Bengal elections}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:West Bengal Legislative Assembly election - 2021}}<br /> [[Category:2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|Nandigram ]]<br /> [[Category:Mamata Banerjee]]<br /> [[Category:Purba Medinipur district]]<br /> [[Category:Constituency contests in legislative general elections]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dabra_Assembly_constituency&diff=495243 2026-04-19T08:37:14Z

<p>Igorcaf: new stub</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Madhya Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Dabra<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | constituency_no = 19<br /> | map_image = 19-Dabra.svg<br /> | state = [[Madhya Pradesh]]<br /> | district = [[Gwalior district|Gwalior]]<br /> | loksabha_cons = [[Gwalior Lok Sabha constituency|Gwalior]]<br /> | established = 1962<br /> | reservation = SC<br /> | mla = [[Suresh Raje]]<br /> | party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br /> | latest_election_year = [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]]<br /> | preceded_by = [[Imarti Devi]]<br /> }}<br /> '''Dabra''' is one of the 230 [[Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha]] (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of [[Madhya Pradesh]] state in central [[India]]. It is a segment of [[Gwalior (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gwalior Lok Sabha constituency]]. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the [[Dalit|Scheduled castes]].&lt;ref name=eci1&gt;{{cite web|url=http://ceomadhyapradesh.nic.in/DACList.aspx|title=District/Assembly List|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Madhya Pradesh website|access-date=4 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151201083311/http://ceomadhyapradesh.nic.in/(S(4ftawu55w1soru45gswzuz55))/DACList.aspx|archive-date=1 December 2015|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Overview==<br /> Dabra (constituency number 19) is one of the 6 Vidhan Sabha constituencies located in [[Gwalior district]]. Presently, after the delimitation of the legislative assembly constituencies in 2008, this constituency covers the entire Dabra [[tehsil]] of the district.&lt;ref name=&quot;ceo&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|publisher=The Election Commission of India|pages=227, 250}}&lt;/ref&gt; Before the delimitation, it covered the erstwhile Bhitarwar and Dabra R.I. Circles of the erstwhile Dabra tehsil.<br /> <br /> It is a segment of [[Gwalior (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gwalior Lok Sabha constituency]].<br /> <br /> == Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> !Election<br /> !Member&lt;ref name=&quot;constituency&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=(Madhya Pradesh) Assembly Constituency Elections|url=https://www.elections.in/madhya-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/dabra.html|website=elections.in|access-date=23 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Party<br /> |-<br /> |[[1962 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1962]]<br /> | Brinda Sahai&lt;ref name=&quot;election1962&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/madhya-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/1962-election-results.html|title=Madhya Pradesh Assembly Election Results in 1962|website=www.elections.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[1967 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br /> | Jaggannath Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Jana Sangh}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[1972 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1972]]<br /> | Pahad Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1977 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br /> | Gopiram<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1980 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br /> | Jaggannath Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1985 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1985]]<br /> | Narsinghrao Pawar<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1990 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1990]]<br /> | [[Narottam Mishra]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1993 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1993]]<br /> | Jawahar Singh Rawat<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1998 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1998]]<br /> | rowspan=2|[[Narottam Mishra]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2003 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2003]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2008 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2008]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Dabra Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency |url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/dabra-madhya-pradesh-assembly-constituency |website=resultuniversity.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | rowspan=3|[[Imarti Devi]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=5}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2013 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2013]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2018]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[2020 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly by-elections|2020]]^<br /> |rowspan=2| [[Suresh Raje]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]]<br /> |}<br /> ^ bypolls<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> === 2023 ===<br /> {{Election box begin | title= [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Dabra&lt;ref name=&quot;Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election Results 2023 - Dabra&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election Results 2023 - Dabra |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenDecNew2023/candidateswise-S1219.htm |access-date=28 February 2025 |publisher=Election Commission of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250228133131/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenDecNew2023/candidateswise-S1219.htm |archive-date=28 February 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |candidate = [[Suresh Raje]]<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:84717}}<br /> |percentage = 48.08<br /> |change = -1.40<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |candidate = [[Imarti Devi]]<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:82450}}<br /> |percentage = 46.79<br /> |change = +2.30<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |candidate = Satyaprakashi Parsediya<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:4437}}<br /> |percentage = 2.52<br /> |change = -0.67<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:1564}}<br /> |percentage = 0.89<br /> |change = -0.21<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2267}}<br /> |percentage = 1.29<br /> |change = -3.70<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:176200}}<br /> |percentage = 72.7<br /> |change = +5.83<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link<br /> |winner = Indian National Congress<br /> |loser = <br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2020 bypolls ===<br /> {{Main|2020 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly by-elections}}<br /> <br /> {{Election box begin | title= [[2020 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly by-elections]]: Dabra&lt;ref name=byelection2020&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/12753-bye-elections-2020-parliamentary-and-assemblies/ |title=Bye Elections 2020 (Parliamentary and Assemblies) |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=25 January 2022 |url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |candidate = [[Suresh Raje]]<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |votes = 75689<br /> |percentage = 49.48<br /> |change = -11.13<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |candidate = [[Imarti Devi]]<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |votes = 68056<br /> |percentage = 44.49<br /> |change = +22.31<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |candidate = Santosh Gaur<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |votes = 4883<br /> |percentage = 3.19<br /> |change = -5.61<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |votes = 1690<br /> |percentage = 1.1<br /> |change = -0.50<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = 7633<br /> |percentage = 4.99<br /> |change = -33.44<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = 152978<br /> |percentage = 66.87<br /> |change = -1.66<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link<br /> |winner = Indian National Congress<br /> |loser = <br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> === 2018 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|title = [[2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Dabra&lt;ref name=election2018&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9685-madhya-pradesh-legislative-election-2018-statistical-report/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2018 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |candidate = Imarti Devi<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:90598}}<br /> |percentage = 60.61<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |candidate = Kaptan Singh Sehsari<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:33152}}<br /> |percentage = 22.18<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |candidate = P.S. Mandeliya<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:13155}}<br /> |percentage = 8.8<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Independent<br /> |candidate = Smt. Satya Prakashi Parsediya<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2963}}<br /> |percentage = 1.98<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Shiv Sena<br /> |candidate = Dinesh Kumar<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2260}}<br /> |percentage = 1.51<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)<br /> |candidate = Jitendra Arya<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:1559}}<br /> |percentage = 1.04<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Aam Aadmi Party<br /> |candidate = Ramvati Shakya<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:1387}}<br /> |percentage = 0.93<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2389}}<br /> |percentage = 1.6<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:57446}}<br /> |percentage = 38.43<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:149489}}<br /> |percentage = 68.53<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link<br /> |winner = Indian National Congress<br /> |loser = <br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2013===<br /> {{Election box begin | title=[[2013 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Bhitarwar}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> | <br /> |candidate = [[Imarti Devi]]<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |votes = 67764<br /> |percentage = 52.77<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> | <br /> |candidate = Suresh Rajey<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |votes = 34486<br /> |percentage = 26.86<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> | <br /> |candidate = Satyaprakshi Parsediya<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |votes = 19068<br /> |percentage = 14.85<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate<br /> | <br /> |candidate = Ajmer Singh Puri<br /> |party = BA S D<br /> |votes = 1557<br /> |percentage = 1.21<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> | <br /> |candidate = Raguvir Singh Kori<br /> |party = Independent (politician)<br /> |votes = 1273<br /> |percentage = 0.99<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> | <br /> |candidate = Lakhan Singh Gautam<br /> |party = Nationalist Congress Party<br /> |votes = 707<br /> |percentage = 0.55<br /> |change = N/A<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> | <br /> |candidate = Anil Parseriyat<br /> |party = Independent (politician)<br /> |votes = 439<br /> |percentage = 0.34<br /> |change = N/A<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> | <br /> |candidate = Ashok Kumar Paliya<br /> |party = Independent (politician)<br /> |votes = 423<br /> |percentage = 0.33<br /> |change = N/A<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> | <br /> |candidate = Balveer Khatik<br /> |party = Samajwadi Party<br /> |votes = 317<br /> |percentage = 0.25<br /> |change = N/A<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> | <br /> |candidate = [[None of the above|None of the Above]]<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |votes = 2373<br /> |percentage = 1.85<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> | <br /> |votes = 33278<br /> |percentage = <br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> | <br /> |votes = 128407<br /> |percentage = 65.15<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link<br /> | <br /> |winner = Indian National Congress<br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===2008===<br /> * Smt. Imarti Devi (INC) : 29,134 votes<br /> * Hargovind Jauhari (BSP) : 18,504<br /> <br /> ===1962===<br /> * Brinda Sahai (INC) : 12,695 votes<br /> * Jagannath Singh (IND) : 10,562<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Dabra]]<br /> * [[Gwalior district]]<br /> * [[List of constituencies of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh}}<br /> {{coords|25.89|78.33|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Gwalior district]]<br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Madhya Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]<br /> [[Category:1962 establishments in Madhya Pradesh]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sangrama_Assembly_constituency&diff=532655 2026-04-18T07:25:17Z

<p>Igorcaf: put up initial page w/ refs!</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=June 2021}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = [[Sangrama]]<br /> | state = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]<br /> | district = [[Baramulla district|Baramulla]]<br /> | established = 1962<br /> | abolished = 2018<br /> | type= SLA<br /> }}<br /> '''Sangrama''' was a legislative constituency in the [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]. It was a part of Baramulla [[Jammu (Lok Sabha constituency)|Lok Sabha Constituency]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/12211-delimitation-of-constituencies-in-jammu-kashmir-assamarunachal-pradesh-manipur-and-nagaland-notification-dated-06032020/ |title=Delimitation of Constituencies in Jammu-Kashmir, Assam,Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur and Nagaland - Notification dated 06.03.2020 - Delimitation - Election Commission of India |newspaper=eci.gov.in |accessdate=2021-06-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13193-delimitation-of-constituencies-in-jammu-kashmir-notification-dated-03032021/ |title=Delimitation of Constituencies in Jammu-Kashmir - Notification dated 03.03.2021 - Presidential Orders/ Delimitation Commission Orders |website=Election Commission of India |date= 3 March 2021 |accessdate= 2021-06-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sitting and previous MLAs from Sangrama Assembly Constituency|url=https://www.elections.in/jammu-and-kashmir/assembly-constituencies/sangrama.html|access-date=2021-06-20|website=Elections.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> It consisted of Wagoora, Kreeri and Khoie Tehsils.<br /> <br /> == Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Election<br /> ! Member<br /> ! colspan=2|Party<br /> |-<br /> |-<br /> |-<br /> |-<br /> |-<br /> | [[1977 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1977]] || rowspan=2 | Ghulam Rasool Bhat || {{Full party name with color|Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference|rowspan=4}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[1983 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1983]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[1987 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1987]] || Ghulam Mohi-Ud-Din Bhat<br /> |-<br /> | [[1996 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1996]] || Mohammed Maqbool<br /> |-<br /> | [[2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2002]] || Ghulam Nabi Lone || {{Full party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2006 elections in India#Jammu and Kashmir|2006 By-election]] || Shuib Nabi || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || Syed Basharat Ahmad || {{Full party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> |-<br /> | [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2014]] || [[Syed Basharat Ahmed Bukhari]]<br /> |}<br /> == Election results ==<br /> ===Assembly Election 2014 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sangrama&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date= |title=Jammu &amp; Kashmir 2014 - Jammu &amp; Kashmir - Election Commission of India |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190613150235/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-date=2019-06-13 |access-date= |website=eci.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Syed Basharat Ahmed Bukhari]] |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=12,146 |percentage=31.37% |change={{increase}}3.28 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Shuib Nabi Lone |party=Indian National Congress |votes=10,392 |percentage=26.84% |change={{increase}}21.22 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Khwaja Mohammad Yaqoob Wani |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |votes=6,696 |percentage=17.29% |change={{increase}}3.05 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Irfan Hafiz Lone |party=Independent politician |votes=3,829 |percentage=9.89% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Fazal Mahmood Baig |party=Independent politician |votes=1,970 |percentage=5.09% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Mohi-Ud-Din Bhat |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference |votes=856 |percentage=2.21% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Farooq Ahmad Bhat |party=Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party |votes=850 |percentage=2.20% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=456 |percentage=1.18% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,754 |percentage=4.53% |change= {{decrease}}0.25 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=38,722 |percentage=58.53% |change= {{increase}}11.92 }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 66,159 |ref = |change= {{increase}}10.90 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |loser=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |swing= {{increase}}3.28 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> ===Assembly Election 2008 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sangrama&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2008 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225073739/https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2024|access-date=25 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Syed Basharat Ahmad |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=7,812 |percentage=28.09% |change={{decrease}}6.68 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Shoaib Nabi Lone |party=Independent politician |votes=6,482 |percentage=23.31% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Qadir Bhat |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |votes=3,962 |percentage=14.25% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Irfan Hafiz Lone |party=Independent politician |votes=2,441 |percentage=8.78% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Muzaffar Parray |party=Indian National Congress |votes=1,563 |percentage=5.62% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Maqbool Dar |party=Independent politician |votes=1,032 |percentage=3.71% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sheikh Mushtaq Ahmad |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir Democratic Party Nationalist |votes=1,031 |percentage=3.71% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,330 |percentage=4.78% |change= {{decrease}}13.21 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=27,809 |percentage=46.61% |change= {{decrease}}16.69 }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 59,659 |ref = |change= {{increase}}7.57 }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |loser=Independent politician |swing= {{decrease}}24.67 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> ===Assembly By-election 2006 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2006 elections in India#Jammu and Kashmir|2006 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly by-election]] : Sangrama&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/ByeElection/ByeAprMay2006/index.htm |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date = 1 January 2025 |title=Election Statistics - Bye Elections - April-May 2006 |publisher=Election Commission Of India |website=eci.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Shuib Nabi |party=Independent politician |votes=18,526 |percentage=52.77% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Javid Hassan Beigh |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=12,208 |percentage=34.77% |change={{decrease}}1.14 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Mohi-Ud-Din Bhat |party=Independent politician |votes=2,322 |percentage=6.61% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Zaffarullah Beigh |party=Independent politician |votes=1,041 |percentage=2.96% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sonaullah Baig |party=NKNPP |votes=379 |percentage=1.08% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Javid Ahmad Qurashi |party=Independent politician |votes=324 |percentage=0.92% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Rehman Lone |party=Independent politician |votes=310 |percentage=0.88% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=6,318 |percentage=17.99% |change= {{increase}}7.71 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=35,110 |percentage=63.31% |change= {{increase}}41.20 }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 55,461 |ref = |change= {{increase}}19.10 }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Independent politician |loser=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |swing= {{increase}}16.85 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===Assembly Election 2002 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sangrama&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2002 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/StatRep_JK_02.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127192246/http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/StatRep_JK_02.pdf|archive-date=27 January 2013|access-date=15 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Nabi Lone |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=3,697 |percentage=35.91% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Yousuf |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |votes=2,638 |percentage=25.63% |change={{decrease}}23.23 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Muzafar Parray |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,022 |percentage=19.64% |change={{decrease}}6.14 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Ahad Malla |party=Independent politician |votes=801 |percentage=7.78% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Mohammad Shah |party=Janata Dal (United) |votes=568 |percentage=5.52% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Azad Hussain Naik |party=Independent politician |votes=345 |percentage=3.35% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mustafa Ahmad Bhat |party=Independent politician |votes=223 |percentage=2.17% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,059 |percentage=10.29% |change= {{decrease}}12.79 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=10,294 |percentage=22.11% |change= {{decrease}}33.12 }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 46,566 |ref = |change= {{increase}}28.48 }}<br /> {{Election box gain with party link |winner=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |loser=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}12.94 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ===Assembly Election 1996 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1996 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sangrama&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1996 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-JK96.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117084805/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-JK96.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Maqbool |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |votes=9,779 |percentage=48.86% |change={{increase}}7.61 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Shiekh Mohammed Sadiq |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,160 |percentage=25.78% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Mohammed Shah |party=Janata Dal |votes=3,311 |percentage=16.54% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Wali Mohammed Wani |party=Independent politician |votes=1,765 |percentage=8.82% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,619 |percentage=23.08% |change= {{increase}}8.56 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=20,015 |percentage=60.21% |change= {{decrease}}15.73 }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 36,245 |ref = |change= {{increase}}0.94 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |loser=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{increase}}7.61 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> ===Assembly Election 1987 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1987 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sangrama&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1987 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReport_jk_87.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114084427/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReport_jk_87.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Mohi-Ud-Din Bhat |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |votes=10,509 |percentage=41.25% |change={{decrease}}16.01 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Vakil Abdul Majid |party=Independent politician |votes=6,810 |percentage=26.73% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Ahmed Dar |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |votes=6,340 |percentage=24.89% |change={{decrease}}32.37 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Hassan Mir |party=Independent politician |votes=1,245 |percentage=4.89% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Ahmed Ganai |party=Independent politician |votes=400 |percentage=1.57% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohmad Yaqoob |party=Independent politician |votes=173 |percentage=0.68% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,699 |percentage=14.52% |change= {{decrease}}25.21 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=25,477 |percentage=74.50% |change= {{decrease}}2.44 }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 35,908 |ref = |change= {{increase}}14.89 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |loser=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}16.01 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> ===Assembly Election 1983 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1983 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sangrama&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport_JK_1983.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117082124/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport_JK_1983.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Rasool Bhat |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |votes=13,133 |percentage=57.26% |change={{decrease}}13.44 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Maqbool Malik |party=Indian National Congress |votes=4,020 |percentage=17.53% |change={{increase}}7.03 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Ahmad Gulzar |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |votes=3,415 |percentage=14.89% |change={{decrease}}55.80 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Rashid |party=Jamaat-e-Islami |votes=1,512 |percentage=6.59% |change={{decrease}}1.28 }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Hassan |party=Independent politician |votes=318 |percentage=1.39% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Ahmed Ganai |party=Independent politician |votes=289 |percentage=1.26% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Aziz |party=Independent politician |votes=250 |percentage=1.09% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=9,113 |percentage=39.73% |change= {{decrease}}20.02 }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=22,937 |percentage=78.15% |change= {{increase}}2.77 }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 31,255 |ref = |change= {{increase}}14.65 }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |loser=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}13.44 }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> ===Assembly Election 1977 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Sangrama&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport_JK_77.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117081946/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport_JK_77.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Rasool Bhat |party=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |votes=13,609 |percentage=70.69% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sharif Ud Din |party=Janata Party |votes=2,106 |percentage=10.94% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Hassan Ganai |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,020 |percentage=10.49% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Majid Sofi |party=Jamaat-e-Islami |votes=1,516 |percentage=7.87% |change= ''New''}}<br /> {{Election box margin of victory |votes=11,503 |percentage=59.75% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box turnout |votes=19,251 |percentage=73.88% |change= }}<br /> {{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 27,262 |ref = |change= }}<br /> {{Election box new seat win |winner=Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference |loser= |swing= }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Sangrama]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{coord|34.23|74.47|display=title}}<br /> {{Assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir]]<br /> [[Category:Bandipore district]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Jammu and Kashmir]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]<br /> [[Category:1962 establishments in Jammu and Kashmir]]<br /> [[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2019]]<br /> [[Category:2019 disestablishments in India]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hajipur_Assembly_constituency&diff=501848 2026-04-14T03:23:14Z

<p>Igorcaf: Started a post!</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Indian constituency<br /> | name = Hajipur<br /> | type = SLA<br /> | map_image = 123-Hajipur constituency.svg<br /> | map_caption = <br /> | map_alt = <br /> | mla = [[Awadhesh Singh]]<br /> |party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |alliance = [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]<br /> | latest_election_year = [[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2025]]<br /> | region = <br /> | state = [[Bihar]]<br /> | district = [[Vaishali district|Vaishali]]<br /> | division = <br /> | loksabha_cons = <br /> | constituency_no = [[List of constituencies of the Bihar Legislative Assembly|123]]<br /> | established = 1951<br /> | electors = 335,905<br /> | abolished = &lt;!-- year abolished --&gt;<br /> }}<br /> {{Short description|Vidhan Sabha Constituency in Bihar}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}<br /> '''Hajipur''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Vaishali district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Bihar]]. In the [[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]], it will be one of the 36 seats to have VVPAT-enabled electronic voting machines.&lt;ref name=&quot;election1993&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/EC-move-to-allay-fears-about-errors-in-EVMs/articleshow/49199345.cms|title=EC move to allay fears about errors in EVMs|website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=9 October 2015|archive-date=21 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821015215/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/EC-move-to-allay-fears-about-errors-in-EVMs/articleshow/49199345.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;election2015&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/Current/ImpIns_24092015.pdf|title=General Election to the State Legislative Assembly of Bihar, 2015- Use of EVMs with Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail System(VVPAT)-reg.|access-date=9 October 2015|archive-date=17 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117025925/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/Current/ImpIns_24092015.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Overview==<br /> As per the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008, No. 123 Hajipur Assembly constituency is composed of the [[Hajipur (community development block)]],&lt;ref name=commission&gt;{{cite web |url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |title = Schedule – XIII of Constituencies Order, 2008 of Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008 of the Election Commission of India |work = Schedule VI Bihar, Part A – Assembly constituencies, Part B – Parliamentary constituencies |access-date = 2011-01-10 |archive-date = 5 October 2010 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101005180821/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt; while Hajipur Assembly constituency is part of No. 21 [[Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)]] (SC).&lt;ref name=&quot;commission&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> !Year<br /> !Name&lt;ref name=&quot;election2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hajipur Election and Results 2020, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up, Current MLA and Previous MLAs|url=https://www.elections.in/bihar/assembly-constituencies/hajipur.html|access-date=|website=Elections in India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party<br /> |-<br /> |[[1952 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1952]]<br /> |Saryug Prasad<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[1957 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1957]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Deep Narayan Singh]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1962 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1962]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[1967 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br /> |K. P. Singh<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[1969 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1969]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Motilal Sinha Kanan<br /> | style=&quot;background-color: {{party color|Shoshit Dal}}&quot; |<br /> |Shoshit Dal<br /> |-<br /> |[[1972 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1972]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Samyukta Socialist Party}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[1977 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br /> |[[Jagan Nath Prasad Rai]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[1980 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br /> |[[Jagan Nath Prasad Rai]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[1985 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1985]]<br /> |Motilal Sinha Kanan<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Lok Dal}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[1990 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1990]]<br /> |[[Jagan Nath Prasad Rai]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[1995 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1995]]<br /> |[[Rajendra Rai]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[2000 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2000]]<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |[[Nityanand Rai]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=8}}<br /> |-<br /> |[[February 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2005]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[October 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2005]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2010]]<br /> |-<br /> |2014^<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |[[Awadhesh Singh]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2015]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2020]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2025]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Election results==<br /> === 2025 ===<br /> {{Election box begin |title=[[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]: Hajipur&lt;ref name=&quot;election2025&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-12-15 |title=Bihar General Legislative Election 2020 |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/statistical-report/ae/2025/16 |website=[[Election Commission of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |candidate = [[Awadhesh Singh]]<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:113221}}<br /> |percentage = 50.27<br /> |change = +5.72<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Rashtriya Janata Dal<br /> |candidate = Dev Kumar Chaurasia<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:94712}}<br /> |percentage = 42.05<br /> |change = -0.94<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Jan Suraaj Party<br /> |candidate = Pratibha Sinha<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:4701}}<br /> |percentage = 2.09<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Independent<br /> |candidate = Sunil Roy<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2226}}<br /> |percentage = 0.99<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2381}}<br /> |percentage = 1.06<br /> |change = +0.15<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:18509}}<br /> |percentage = 8.22<br /> |change = +6.66<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:225242}}<br /> |percentage = 67.06<br /> |change = +9.86<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link<br /> |winner = BJP<br /> |loser = RJD<br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> <br /> === 2020 ===<br /> {{Election box begin|<br /> |title=[[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|Bihar Assembly election, 2020]]: Hajipur&lt;ref name=&quot;election2020&quot;/&gt;}}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |candidate = [[Awadhesh Singh]]<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:85552}}<br /> |percentage = 44.55<br /> |change = -4.07<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |candidate = Deo Kumar Chaurasia<br /> |party = Rashtriya Janata Dal<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:82562}}<br /> |percentage = 42.99<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Independent<br /> |candidate = Ajit Kumar<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:5242}}<br /> |percentage = 2.73<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Independent<br /> |candidate = Dheeraj Kumar Roy<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:3180}}<br /> |percentage = 1.66<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Rashtriya Lok Samta Party<br /> |candidate = Kamal Pd Singh<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:3089}}<br /> |percentage = 1.61<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Independent<br /> |candidate = Kishor Kumar<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2487}}<br /> |percentage = 1.3<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:1745}}<br /> |percentage = 0.91<br /> |change = -0.34<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2990}}<br /> |percentage = 1.56<br /> |change = -5.27<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:192033}}<br /> |percentage = 57.2<br /> |change = -0.06<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box hold with party link no swing<br /> |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |swing = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> <br /> === 2015 ===<br /> {{Election box begin<br /> |title = [[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]: Hajipur&lt;ref name=&quot;election2015&quot;/&gt;<br /> }}<br /> {{Election box winning candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> |candidate = Awadhesh Singh<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:86773}}<br /> |percentage = 48.62<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Indian National Congress<br /> |candidate = Jagannath Prasad Rai<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:74578}}<br /> |percentage = 41.79<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Independent<br /> |candidate = Santosh Kanan<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:3542}}<br /> |percentage = 1.98<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Independent<br /> |candidate = Bijay Kumar Singh<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2596}}<br /> |percentage = 1.45<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br /> |candidate = Sunita Devi<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2086}}<br /> |percentage = 1.17<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box candidate with party link<br /> |party = None of the above<br /> |candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:2226}}<br /> |percentage = 1.25<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box majority<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:12195}}<br /> |percentage = 6.83<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box turnout<br /> |votes = {{formatnum:178454}}<br /> |percentage = 57.26<br /> |change = <br /> }}<br /> {{Election box end}}<br /> <br /> <br /> ===1977===<br /> * Jagannath Pd. Yadav (JNP): 39,392 votes&lt;ref name=&quot;election1977&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.elections.in/bihar/assembly-constituencies/1977-election-results.html |title=Bihar Assembly Election Results in 1977 |access-date=12 November 2020 |archive-date=18 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018080348/https://www.elections.in/bihar/assembly-constituencies/1977-election-results.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * Moti Lal Sinha Kanan (INC): 13,154 votes<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{cite web |title=Results of all Bihar Assembly elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/68-bihar/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}<br /> <br /> {{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Bihar}}<br /> {{Vaishali district topics }}<br /> {{Tirhut Division topics}}<br /> {{coord|25|41|00|N|85|12|44|E|region:IN-BR|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Assembly constituencies of Bihar]]<br /> [[Category:Politics of Vaishali district]]<br /> [[Category:Hajipur]]<br /> [[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]<br /> [[Category:1951 establishments in Bihar]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nanditha_Raj&diff=520369 2026-04-05T12:24:58Z

<p>Igorcaf: Put up entry</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian actress}}<br /> {{Distinguish|}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Nandita Raj<br /> | image = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_date = <br /> | birth_place = [[Mumbai]], India<br /> | years_active = 2012—2019<br /> | occupation = Actress, Model<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Nandita Raj''' is an Indian actress. She made her debut in the [[Telugu film industry]] with the film ''[[Neeku Naaku Dash Dash]]'', directed by [[Teja (film director)|Teja]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Karthik |last=Pasupulate |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/telugu/news-interviews/Tollywood-stars-to-watch-out-for/articleshow/16575477.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027105204/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-28/news-interviews/34129059_1_tollywood-stars-local-flavour-film-industry |url-status=live |archive-date=2012-10-27 |title=Tollywood stars to watch out for |date=2012-09-28 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2013-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-south-nandita-i-never-imagined-i-would-be-an-actor/20130605.htm#1 |title=Nandita: I never imagined I would be an actor - Rediff.com Movies |work=Rediff.com |date=2013-06-05 |accessdate=2013-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; She rose to prominence with the success of her second film ''[[Prema Katha Chitram]]'', which earned her a [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Telugu|Filmfare Award for Best Actress]] nomination.<br /> <br /> == Personal life ==<br /> <br /> Nanditha was born in Mumbai and raised in [[Delhi]]. Her father, Colonel Raj Kumar, is an army officer. He is from [[Hyderabad]], while her mother, a legal advisor, is from [[Visakhapatnam]]. Nanditha can speak English, Hindi and Telugu. She studied in various army schools, including [[Indian Army Public Schools|Army Public School]] ([[R.K. Puram]]), graduated with a B.Com. degree from St. Francis College, [[Hyderabad]]. And did her [[Master of Business Administration|MBA]] through distance-learning from symbiosis, Pune.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ragalahari.com/stars/interviews/1186/nandita-talks-about-her-upcoming-film-prema-katha-chitram.aspx |title=Interview: Nandita speaks about Prema Katha Chitram &gt;&gt; Tollywood Star Interviews |publisher=Ragalahari.com |date=2013-06-02 |accessdate=2013-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.cinegoer.net/telugu-cinema/interviews/interview-with-prince-and-nanditha-170412.html |title=Prince Nanditha &amp;#124; Director Teja &amp;#124; Visakhapatnam &amp;#124; Neeku Naaku Dash Dash Telugu Movie - Interviews |publisher=CineGoer.com |date=2012-04-17 |accessdate=2013-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009065400/http://www.cinegoer.net/telugu-cinema/interviews/interview-with-prince-and-nanditha-170412.html |archive-date=9 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> After winning a beauty contest she started her acting career. Though she didn't plan her career in entertainment industry it was her mother who encouraged her to take up modeling as a career.<br /> <br /> She is currently working as Creative lead at Olter Maharashtra<br /> <br /> == Career ==<br /> <br /> Nanditha started her film career with ''Neeku Naaku Dash Dash'' under the direction of [[Teja (film director)|Teja]] in 2012.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} She was reportedly selected for the role from a statewide hunt where she beat around 70,000 other aspirants.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Vishnupriya Bhandaram |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/finding-her-feet/article3791095.ece |title=Finding her feet |work=The Hindu |date=2012-08-18 |accessdate=2013-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Her second film ''[[Prema Katha Chitram]]'', with [[Sudheer Babu]] as her co-star, released on 7 June 2013. She played a hotel management student in the film, who is a big fan of a renowned dancer (Sudheer Babu).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-05-14/news-interviews/39254840_1_nanditha-sudheer-babu-malayalam-film |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130907095017/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-05-14/news-interviews/39254840_1_nanditha-sudheer-babu-malayalam-film |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-09-07 |title=Nanditha is going places |date=2013-05-14 |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=2013-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; 123telugu.com wrote &quot;Nandhita is the real star of the film. She is simply brilliant. There are certain sequences where she is required to exhibit dramatic changes in behaviour and she has excelled in those scenes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.123telugu.com/reviews/review-prema-katha-chitam-a-very-entertaining-thriller.html |title=Review : Prema Katha Chitam – A Very Entertaining Thriller |publisher=123telugu.com |date=2013-06-07 |accessdate=2013-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; It became a box-office [[Blockbuster (entertainment)|blockbuster]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://123telugu.com/slideshow/movies/B/Box_Office_Report_30_06_2013/Box_Office_Report_PKC2.html |title=Box office report |publisher=123telugu.com |date=1998-01-01 |accessdate=2013-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017030944/http://123telugu.com/slideshow/movies/B/Box_Office_Report_30_06_2013/Box_Office_Report_PKC2.html |archive-date=17 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/telugu/article/97496.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006164429/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/telugu/article/97496.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 October 2013 |title='Prema Katha Chitram' Completes 100 Days - Telugu Movie News |work=Indiaglitz.com |date=2013-09-13 |accessdate=2013-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; She was next seen in a Malayalam film ''[[London Bridge (film)|London Bridge]]'' with [[Prithviraj Sukumaran]]. She played a Malayali girl in the film who goes to London for a job, and falls in love with the character played by Prithviraj.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-06-03/news-and-interviews/39713282_1_film-industry-prithviraj-second-film |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131011224930/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-06-03/news-and-interviews/39713282_1_film-industry-prithviraj-second-film |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-10-11 |title=Nandita joins Prithviraj in London Bridge |date=2013-06-03 |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=2013-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Filmography ==<br /> * ''All films are in Telugu, Otherwise noted.''<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes<br /> |-<br /> | 2012 || ''[[Neeku Naaku Dash Dash]]'' || Gayatri || <br /> |-<br /> | 2013 || ''[[Prema Katha Chitram]]'' || Nanditha / Nandu || Nominated - [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Telugu ]]<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2014 || ''[[London Bridge (film)|London Bridge]]'' || Merin || Malayalam Film<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Lovers (2014 film)|Lovers]]'' || Chitra || <br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2015 || ''[[Ram Leela (2015 Telugu film)|Ram Leela]]'' || Sasya || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Krishnamma Kalipindi Iddarini|Krishnamma Kalipindhi Iddharini]]'' || Radha || <br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Sankarabharanam (2015 film)|Sankarabharanam]]'' || Happy || <br /> |-<br /> | 2016 || ''[[Savitri (2016 film)|Savitri]]''|| Savitri || <br /> |-<br /> |rowspan=2|2017 || ''[[Jai Lava Kusa]]''|| Sravani ||Cameo appearance<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Kathalo Rajakumari]]'' || Nanditha || Cameo appearance<br /> |-<br /> |rowspan=1|2019 ||''[[Viswamitra (film)|Viswamitra]]'' || Mitra<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb name|4974224}}<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Raj, Nanditha}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses from Mumbai]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Indian film actresses]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]<br /> [[Category:Telugu actresses]]<br /> [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daleshwar_Sahu&diff=495402 2026-04-04T15:48:21Z

<p>Igorcaf: new info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox officeholder<br /> | name = Daleshwar Sahu<br /> | image = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1967|02|11|df=y}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Rajnandgaon district|Rajnandgaon]], [[Chhattisgarh]], India<br /> | birth_name = Daleshwar Sahu<br /> | party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br /> | occupation = Politician<br /> | spouse = Jayashree Sahu<br /> | children = <br /> | education = <br /> | office = Member of [[Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly]]<br /> | term_start = 8 December 2013<br /> | term_end = <br /> | predecessor = Kheduram Sahu<br /> | successor = <br /> | constituency = [[Dongargaon Assembly constituency|Dongargaon]]<br /> | website = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> | date = <br /> | year = <br /> | source = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Daleshwar Sahu''' (born 11 February 1967) is an Indian politician from Chhattisgarh. He is a three time MLA from the [[Dongargaon Assembly constituency]], representing the [[Indian National Congress]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-08-14 |title=MLA daleshwar Sahu biography in Hindi: डोंगरगांव सीट से कांग्रेस विधायक दलेश्‍वर साहू का जीवन परिचय |url=https://npg.news/politics/mla-daleshwar-sahu-biograpgy-in-hindi-age-biography-education-wife-cast-net-worth-contact-adress-height-bio-birthday-wiki-1245744 |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=Npg News |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-11-03 |title=Daleshwar Sahu, INC Candidate from Dongargaon Assembly Candidate |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/chhattisgarh/daleshwar-sahu-assembly-candidate-s26aed2008a076e2023c001/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=News 18 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; in [[Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daleshwar Sahu, INC MLA from Dongargarh|url= https://ourneta.com/neta/daleshwar-sahu/|access-date=2024-08-01|website=Our Neta|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Early life and education ==<br /> Sahu is from [[Dongargarh]], Rajnandgaon District, Chhattisgarh. His father, Kanwal Singh Sahu, is a farmer. He completed his Class 12 in 1986 at Sarvesharghas Nagar Palika, [[Rajnandgaon]], and later did a diploma in singing in 1990 at [[Indira Kala Sangeet University]], Khairgarh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Daleshwar Sahu(Indian National Congress(INC)):Constituency- DONGARGAON(RAJNANDGAON) - Affidavit Information of Candidate: |url=https://myneta.info/chhattisgarh2018/candidate.php?candidate_id=1292 |access-date=2024-10-24 |website=myneta.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> Sahu first became an MLA, winning the [[2013 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly election]]. He polled 67,755 votes and defeated his nearest rival, Dinesh Gandhi of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], by a margin of 1,698 votes. He retained the seat for the Indian National Congress in the [[2018 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly election|2018 Assembly election]], winning by a margin of 19,083 votes. He won for a third consecutive term in [[2023 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly election|2023]] to become a three time MLA from [[Dongargaon Assembly constituency|Dongarhgaon]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=english |title=daleshwar sahu chhattisgarh daleshwar-sahu-dongargaon candidate Profile,Candidates Net Worth, Education News {{!}} ABPLive |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/daleshwar-sahu-chhattisgarh-dongargaon-candidate-profile.html |access-date=2024-10-24 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Sahu, Daleshwar}}<br /> [[Category:1967 births]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Indian Hindus]]<br /> [[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Chhattisgarh]]<br /> [[Category:People from Rajnandgaon]]<br /> [[Category:Chhattisgarh MLAs 2013–2018]]<br /> [[Category:Chhattisgarh MLAs 2018–2023]]<br /> [[Category:Chhattisgarh MLAs 2023–2028]]<br /> <br /> {{Chhattisgarh-INC-politician-stub}}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chaitra_(2002_film)&diff=493126 2026-04-04T03:23:52Z

<p>Igorcaf: new new info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Chaitra: In The Month Of March<br /> | image = <br /> | caption = <br /> | director = [[Kranti Kanade]]<br /> | producer = [[Film and Television Institute of India]]<br /> | writer = [[Kranti Kanade]]<br /> | based_on = {{based on|Chaitra| [[G. A. Kulkarni]]}}<br /> | starring = [[Sonali Kulkarni]]&lt;br&gt; Lalan Sarang&lt;br&gt;Abhishek Bhave<br /> | music = [[Bhaskar Chandavarkar]]<br /> | cinematography = [[Mahesh Muthuswami]]<br /> | editing = Kranti Kanade<br /> | studio = <br /> | released = {{Film date|2002|8|20|Mumbai International Film Festival|df=y}}<br /> | runtime = 25 min<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Marathi<br /> | budget = <br /> | gross = <br /> }}<br /> '''''Chaitra''''' is a short film by [[Kranti Kanade]] based on author [[G.A. Kulkarni]]'s story of the same name. Kranti selected this story for his thesis short film towards completion of his degree in Direction from [[Film and Television Institute of India]]. The film went on to win three [[National Film Awards]] in 2002.<br /> <br /> ==Plot==<br /> The story of a proud woman, her poetic vindication of unfair social insult, and her inevitable sad destiny. A very culture-specific film dipped in a local festival of rural women.<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> * [[Sonali Kulkarni]] as Mother<br /> * Abhishek Bhave as Madhu<br /> * Lalan Sarang as Naik Kaku<br /> * Vandana Vakhnis as Naik baai<br /> * Dhiresh Joshi as Father<br /> * Bhakti Pathare as Rakhma<br /> * Uttara Kulkarni as Shanta<br /> * Shripad Amte as Mama<br /> <br /> == Production ==<br /> The film was shot in Alandi village near Pune and the post-production done at [[Film and Television Institute of India|FTII]]. Being a student film, director did not have enough budget but Sonali Kulkarni and Lalan Sarang agreed to do the film without remuneration. Music director [[Bhaskar Chandavarkar]] not only composed music for the film without taking any remuneration but he also paid for the musicians himself. Cinematographer Mahesh Muthuswami contributed an amount towards the production and so did the sound designer Subir Das.{{citation needed|date=December 2011}}<br /> <br /> == Awards and recognition==<br /> Chaitra won three [[National Film Awards]] in 2002.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Chaitra National Awards|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2002/rjul2002/26072002/r2607200224d.html|accessdate=2009-05-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[National Film Award for Best Short Fiction Film]]<br /> * [[National Film Award for Best Non-Feature Film Music Direction]] ([[Bhaskar Chandavarkar]])<br /> * [[National Film Award – Special Mention (non-feature film)]] ([[Sonali Kulkarni]])<br /> At the [[Mumbai International Film Festival]] 2002 it won National Critics’ Award and Best Short - Silver. That year, it was India's official entry to the [[Student Academy Awards]].<br /> <br /> The film was also included in a DVD titled &quot;Master Strokes&quot;, a compilation of works of twenty renowned FTII students.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Manjiri Damle |title=Jaya Bachchan to unveil 'Master Strokes' |date=22 Jun 2006|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-06-22/pune/27810297_1_short-film-film-and-television-institute-ftii |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023235441/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-06-22/pune/27810297_1_short-film-film-and-television-institute-ftii |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 October 2012 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=27 Dec 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb title|tt0940673}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Indian short films]]<br /> [[Category:2000s Marathi-language films]]<br /> [[Category:2002 short films]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Barrackpore&diff=547509 2026-03-31T14:01:09Z

<p>Igorcaf: formatting fix</p> <hr /> <div>{{other uses|Barrackpore (disambiguation)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = New Barrackpore<br /> | other_name = <br /> | nickname = <br /> | settlement_type = City<br /> | image_skyline = <br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_caption = <br /> | pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India<br /> | pushpin_label_position = <br /> | pushpin_map_alt = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|22.7|N|88.45|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]<br /> | subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of West Bengal|Division]]<br /> | subdivision_name2 = [[Presidency division|Presidency]]<br /> | subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]]<br /> | subdivision_name3 = [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]]<br /> | subdivision_type4 = [[Kolkata Metro|Metro Station]]<br /> | subdivision_name4 = [[New Barrackpore metro station|New Barrackpore]] ''(under construction)''<br /> | subdivision_type5 = [[Kolkata Suburban Railway|Railway Station]]<br /> | subdivision_name5 = [[New Barrackpore railway station|New Barrackpore]]<br /> | established_title = &lt;!-- Established --&gt;<br /> | established_date = <br /> | founder = <br /> | named_for = <br /> | government_type = [[Municipal Corporations in India|Municipality]]<br /> | governing_body = New Barrackpur Municipality<br /> | leader_title = Chairperson<br /> | leader_name = Prabir Saha&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_New%20Barrackpore.htm | title = Barrackpore | work = Official website | publisher = Govt. of India | access-date = 30 April 2021 | archive-date = 28 June 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200628070938/http://www.barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_New%20Barrackpore.htm | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | area_footnotes = <br /> | area_rank = <br /> | area_total_km2 = 6.80<br /> | elevation_footnotes = <br /> | elevation_m = <br /> | population_total = 76,846<br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_rank = <br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym = <br /> | population_footnotes = <br /> | demographics_type1 = Languages<br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]<br /> | postal_code = 700131<br /> | area_code_type = Telephone code<br /> | area_code = +91 33<br /> | registration_plate = WB-23/WB-24<br /> | blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency<br /> | blank1_info_sec1 = [[Dum Dum (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dum Dum]]<br /> | blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency<br /> | blank2_info_sec1 = [[Dum Dum Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dum Dum Uttar]]<br /> | website = {{URL|nbmonline.org}}<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''New Barrackpore''' is a city and a municipality of [[North 24 Parganas district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is a part of the area covered by [[Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority]] (KMDA).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url =http://www.cmdaonline.com/kma.html| title =Base Map of Kolkata Metropolitan area| access-date =2007-09-03| publisher =Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070928000049/http://www.cmdaonline.com/kma.html| archive-date =2007-09-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/01/Table-3.htm District-wise list of statutory towns] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930191128/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/01/Table-3.htm |date=2007-09-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Geography==<br /> {{OSM Location map<br /> | width=310| height=370| zoom=11<br /> | coord={{coord|22|41|47|N|88|24|32|E}}| float=left|caption='''Towns in the southern portion of Barrackpore subdivision in North 24 Parganas district'''&lt;br/&gt;M: municipal city/ town, CT: census town,&lt;br/&gt; N: neighbourhood&lt;br/&gt;Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly<br /> | minimap = file| mini-file = India West Bengal adm location map.svg<br /> | mini-width = 103 | mini-height = 158<br /> | minipog-x = 66 | minipog-y = 120<br /> | scalemark = 110 | minimap-boxwidth=12|nolabels=1<br /> |mark-coord1={{coord|22|46|24|N|88|21|49|E}} | label-pos1=left|label1=Barrackpore| numbered1=M | mark-title1=[[Barrackpore]] (M)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1=#800000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2<br /> |mark-coord2={{coord|22|45|35|N|88|21|30|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2=Barrackpore |labela2=Cantonment| mark-title2=[[Barrackpur Cantonment|Barrackpore Cantonment]]| numbered2=0| shape-color2=#AA6666|label-offset-y2=-2<br /> |mark-coord3={{coord|22|45|16|N|88|23|24|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3=Chak Kanthalia| numbered3=CT| mark-title3=[[Chak Kanthalia]] (CT)|shape-color3=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord4={{coord|22|44|52|N|88|24|31|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4=Ruiya| numbered4=CT| mark-title4= [[Ruiya]] (CT)|shape-color4=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord5={{coord|22|44|12|N|88|23|38|E}} | label-pos5=right|label5=Patulia| numbered5=CT | mark-title5= [[Patulia]] (CT)|shape-color5=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord6={{coord|22|43|48|N|88|23|38|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6=Bandipur| numbered6=CT| mark-title6= [[Bandipur, North 24 Parganas|Bandipur]] (CT)|shape-color6=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord7={{coord|22|44|14|N|88|22|12|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7=Titagarh| numbered7=M | mark-title7= [[Titagarh]] (M)|shape-color7=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord8={{coord|22|43|10|N|88|22|1|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8=Khardaha| numbered8=M| mark-title8= [[Khardaha]] (M)|shape-color8=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord9={{coord|22|41|31|N|88|22|12|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9=Panihati| numbered9=M| mark-title9= [[Panihati]] (M)|<br /> |mark-coord10={{coord|22|41|57|N|88|24|32|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10=Ghola| numbered10=N| mark-title10= [[Ghola, North 24 Parganas|Ghola]] (N)| shape-color10=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord11={{coord|22|42|28|N|88|24|41|E}} | label-pos11=top|label11=Bilkanda| numbered11=CT| mark-title11= [[Bilkanda]] (CT)|shape-color11=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord12={{coord|22|41|30|N|88|24|42|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12=Muragachha| numbered12=CT| mark-title12= [[Muragachha]] (CT)|shape-color12=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord13={{coord|22|42|41|N|88|26|0|E}} | label-pos13=right|label13=Talbandha| numbered13=CT| mark-title13= [[Talbandha]] (CT)|shape-color13=#A40000 <br /> |mark-coord14={{coord|22|41|3|N|88|25|45|E}} | label-pos14=left|label14=Chandpur| numbered14=CT| mark-title14= [[Chandpur, Ghola|Chandpur]] (CT)|shape-color14=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord15={{coord|22|40|24|N|88|24|53|E}} | label-pos15=left|label15=Teghori| numbered15=CT| mark-title15= [[Teghori]] (CT)|shape-color15=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord16={{coord|22|42|7|N|88|23|22|E}} | label-pos16=left|label16=Sodepur| numbered16=N| mark-title16= [[Sodepur]] (N)| shape-color16=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord17={{coord|22|40|48|N|88|22|48|E}} | label-pos17=left|label17=Agarpara| numbered17=N| mark-title17= [[Agarpara]] (N)|shape-color17=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord18={{coord|22|41|10|N|88|27|20|E}} | label-pos18=bottom|label18=New Barrackpore| numbered18=M| mark-title18= New Barrackpore (M)|shape-color18=black| label-size18=13|label-color18=black &lt;!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors --&gt;<br /> |mark-coord19={{coord|22|41|10|N|88|22|13|E}} | label-pos19=left|label19= Kamarhati| numbered19=M| mark-title19= [[Kamarhati]] (M)|<br /> |mark-coord20={{coord|22|40|2|N|88|22|42|E}} | label-pos20=right|label20= Belgharia| numbered20=N| mark-title20= [[Belgharia]] (N)|shape-color20=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord21={{coord|22|38|10|N|88|22|12|E}} | label-pos21=top|label21= Baranagar| numbered21=M| mark-title21= [[Baranagar]] (M)|<br /> |mark-coord22={{coord|22|38|40|N|88|26|5|E}} | label-pos22=left|label22= Dum Dum| numbered22=M| mark-title22= [[Dum Dum]] (M)|<br /> |mark-coord23={{coord|22|39|10|N|88|25|6|E}} | label-pos23=left|label23= North Dumdum| numbered23=M| mark-title23= [[North Dumdum]] (M)|<br /> |mark-coord24={{coord|22|37|48|N|88|24|0|E}} | label-pos24=bottom|label24= South Dumdum| numbered24=M| mark-title24= [[South Dumdum]] (M)|<br /> |mark-coord25={{coord|22|39|40|N|88|24|33|E}} | label-pos25=left|label25= Nimta| numbered25=N| mark-title25= [[Nimta]] (N)|shape-color25=#A40000<br /> |mark-coord26={{coord|22|43|20|N|88|24|48|E}} | label-pos26=right|label26= Karna Madhabpur| numbered26=N| mark-title26= [[Karna Madhabpur]] (N)|shape-color26=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord27={{coord|22|45|40|N|88|25|28|E}} | label-pos27=right|label27= Nilganj| numbered27=N| mark-title27= [[Nilganj]] (N)|shape-color27=#C42222<br /> |mark-coord28={{coord|22.6292|88.3578}}| label28=Hooghly| label-color28CB| label-angle28=76| label-pos28=top| label-size28=9| mark-size28=0| mark-title28 =none = #77A1<br /> |mark-coord29={{coord|22.6112|88.3578}}| label29=River| label-color29 = #77A1CB| label-angle29=114| label-pos29=top| label-size29=9| mark-size29=0| mark-title29 =none}}<br /> <br /> ===Location===<br /> 96% of the population of [[Barrackpore subdivision]] (partly presented in the map alongside, all places marked in the map are linked in the full screen map) lives in urban areas. In 2011, it had a density of population of 10,967 per km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns.&lt;ref name=handbook2013&gt;{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook |work = North 24 Parganas 2013, Tables 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 2 May 2018 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; For most of the cities/ towns information regarding density of population is available in the Infobox. Population data is not available for neighbourhoods. It is available for the entire Municipal area and thereafter ward-wise.<br /> <br /> ===Police station===<br /> New Barrackpore police station is under [[Barrackpore Police Commissionerate]] has jurisdiction over New Barrackpore Municipal areas.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook |work = North 24 Parganas 2013, Table 2.1 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 11 June 2018 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://policewb.gov.in/wbp/bkp_commissionerate.php | title = Barrackpore Police Commissionerate | work = List of Police Stations with telephone numbers | publisher = West Bengal Police | access-date = 11 June 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143852/http://policewb.gov.in/wbp/bkp_commissionerate.php | archive-date = 12 June 2018 | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Demographics==<br /> ===Population===<br /> As per the [[2011 Census of India]], New Barrackpore had a total population of 76,846, of which 38,239 (50%) were males and 38,607 (50%) were females. Population below 6 years was 5,157. The total number of literates in New Barrackpore was 67,384 (93.99% of the population over 6 years).Hindus form almost 99% of the total population.&lt;ref name=census3-2011&gt;{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 7 June 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {{As of|2001|alt=As of the 2001}} Indian [[census]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&amp;state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&amp;state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; New Barrackpore had a population of 83,183. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. In New Barrackpore, 7% of the population is under 6 years of age. The literacy rate is 95.19% where the male literacy rate is 97.66% and female literacy rate is 92.72%.<br /> ===Languages===<br /> {{Pie chart<br /> |thumb = right<br /> |caption = Languages spoken in New Barrackpore City (2011)&lt;ref&gt;[https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16T/DDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-2000.XLSX 2011 census data] censusindia.gov.in&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |label1 = [[Bengali language| Bengali]]<br /> |value1= 99.17<br /> |color1 =Orange <br /> |label2= [[Hindi language| Hindi]]<br /> |value2= 0.70<br /> |color2=green <br /> |label3 = [[ Odia language| Odia]]<br /> |value3 = 0.028<br /> |color3 = blue <br /> |label4 = [[ Tamil language| Tamil ]]<br /> |value4 = 0.012<br /> |color4 =pink<br /> |label5 = [[ Punjabi language| Punjabi]]<br /> |value5= 0.011<br /> |color5 = black<br /> |label6 = Others <br /> |value6= 0.070<br /> |color6 = white <br /> }}<br /> ===Kolkata Urban Agglomeration===<br /> The following Municipalities, Census Towns and other locations in Barrackpore subdivision were part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration in the 2011 census: [[Kanchrapara]] (M), [[Jetia]] (CT), [[Halisahar]] (M), [[Balibhara]] (CT), [[Naihati]] (M), [[Bhatpara]] (M), [[Kaugachhi]] (CT), [[Garshyamnagar]] (CT), [[Garulia]] (M), [[Ichhapur Defence Estate]] (CT), [[North Barrackpur]] (M), [[Barrackpur Cantonment]] (CB), [[Barrackpore]] (M), [[Jafarpur]] (CT), [[Ruiya]] (CT), [[Titagarh]] (M), [[Khardaha]] (M), [[Bandipur, North 24 Parganas|Bandipur]] (CT), [[Panihati]] (M), [[Muragachha]] (CT) '''New Barrackpore''' (M), [[Chandpur, Ghola|Chandpur]] (CT), [[Talbandha]] (CT), [[Patulia]] (CT), [[Kamarhati]] (M), [[Baranagar]] (M), [[South Dumdum]] (M), [[North Dumdum]] (M), [[Dum Dum]] (M), [[Noapara, India|Noapara]] (CT), [[Babanpur]] (CT), [[Teghari]] (CT), [[Nanna, North 24 Parganas|Nanna]] (OG), Chakla (OG), Srotribati (OG) and [[Panpur]] (OG).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf | title= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | work= Constituents of Urban Agglomeration Having Population Above 1 Lakh |publisher= Census of India 2011 | access-date = 7 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Infrastructure==<br /> As per the District Census Handbook 2011, New Barrackpore Municipal town covered an area of 6.89&amp;nbsp;km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Amongst the civic amenities it had 120.51&amp;nbsp;km of roads and open drains. Amongst the educational facilities It had 60 primary schools, 11 middle schools, 10 secondary schools, 8 senior secondary schools, 2 degree colleges in arts/science/commerce and 10 non-formal education centres. Amongst the social, recreational and cultural facilities it had 1 cinema/theatre, 2 auditorium/ community halls, 4 public libraries and 1 reading room. Amongst the commodities manufactured were foam bags, gloves and musical instruments. It had 4 bank branches.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf | title = District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803; Statement II: Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, Pages 791-794; Statement III: Civic and other Amenities, Pages 795-796; Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 803-805 Section: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal |access-date = 31 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> See also [[Barrackpore subdivision#Municipal towns/ cities|Cities and towns in Barrackpore subdivision]]<br /> <br /> ==Economy==<br /> ===KMDA===<br /> New Barrackpore Municipality is included in the [[Kolkata Metropolitan Area]] for which the [[Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority]] is the statutory planning and development authority.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/QVRNUU5QNW5kK1dCRDQ3V0pmRXBqQitJRU9kS1k1WEhRblBLdmc1ZVZNMW5WZlZRTHRLd0hxUHc4dlk2VWQ4WmhueGdBSURnc0w2OUZqZzl4WXFTRVE9PQ== | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190501182418/https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/QVRNUU5QNW5kK1dCRDQ3V0pmRXBqQitJRU9kS1k1WEhRblBLdmc1ZVZNMW5WZlZRTHRLd0hxUHc4dlk2VWQ4WmhueGdBSURnc0w2OUZqZzl4WXFTRVE9PQ== | url-status = usurped | archive-date = 1 May 2019 | title = Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority, Annual Report 2010-11 | work = 1/1 Kolkata Metropolitan Area Map | publisher = KMDA | access-date = 7 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/MTFVek5Lc3UrYmJ4R0xLM3ZqRTdKQWJlK2tJV3BicHZGNjB1Uldpa0JLTXM0RHd6Q29vWXViQlBLSmNPQkZsZW5hcDFwM1VaUTQwaHJlVDQ5NG5FeWc9PQ== | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190501182413/https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/MTFVek5Lc3UrYmJ4R0xLM3ZqRTdKQWJlK2tJV3BicHZGNjB1Uldpa0JLTXM0RHd6Q29vWXViQlBLSmNPQkZsZW5hcDFwM1VaUTQwaHJlVDQ5NG5FeWc9PQ== | url-status = usurped | archive-date = 1 May 2019 | title = Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority, Annual Report 2010-11 | work = 1 / 2 Role of KMDA | publisher = KMDA | access-date = 7 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Transport==<br /> ===Road===<br /> New Barrackpore town is situated near [[Jessore Road]]/[[National Highway 12 (India)|National Highway 12]]. The bus stop near New Barrackpore on [[Jessore Road]] is B.T. College and many buses pass through here. The only bus (Mini bus) that enters into New Barrackpore is S175 ([[New Barrackpore railway station]] - [[Howrah Station]]).<br /> <br /> ===Train===<br /> [[New Barrackpore railway station]], which is on the [[Sealdah-Hasnabad-Bangaon-Ranaghat line|Sealdah-Bangaon line]], is 17&amp;nbsp;km from [[Sealdah railway station]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/sealdah-bangaon-local-33811/17298/325/7814#st |title = 33811 Sealdah-Bangaon local |work= Time Table| publisher= India Railinfo | access-date = 15 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is part of the [[Kolkata Suburban Railway]] system.<br /> <br /> ===Air===<br /> [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport|Dumdum/Kolkata Airport]] is only 5 kilometres away from New Barrackpore.<br /> <br /> ==Education==<br /> New Barrackpore has three colleges which are G.C.M. College of Education, [[Acharya Prafulla Chandra College]], Acharya Prafulla Chandra College for Commerce.<br /> <br /> The higher secondary schools for boys are New Barrackpore Colony Boys High School, Masunda Boys High School, Kodalia Boys High School, Sahara Boys High School, Satin Sen Nagar Boys High School.<br /> <br /> The higher secondary schools for girls are New Barrackpore Colony Girls High School, Masunda Girls High School, Tapati Balika Vidhyabithi, Sahara Girls High School.<br /> <br /> ==Culture==<br /> New Barrackpore hosts 'Pushpa Mela' (meaning 'flower fair' in bengali) every winter with many fascinating collections of many enterprising florists. Kristi is a community auditorium where cultural events are often held.<br /> <br /> ==Temples==<br /> Choto Bottala Kali Temples is very popular among the locals. Maa Samsan Kali Temple at Sajirhat is also attended by many devotees. A Kali temple made by Mr. Haripada Biswas attached to New Barrackpore Colony Girl's High School (formerly known Kalibari School) is also well known among many.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *{{Wikivoyage-inline|Kolkata/Northern fringes}}<br /> * [http://www.barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_New%20Barrackpore.htm New Barrackpore Municipality, website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628070938/http://www.barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_New%20Barrackpore.htm |date=28 June 2020 }}<br /> * [http://nbmonline.org/ New Barrackpore Municipality online]<br /> <br /> {{North 24 Parganas District}}<br /> {{North 24 Parganas topics}}<br /> {{Kolkata neighbourhoods}}<br /> {{Municipalities of West Bengal}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Cities and towns in North 24 Parganas district]]<br /> [[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]]<br /> [[Category:Kolkata Metropolitan Area]]<br /> [[Category:Cities in West Bengal]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_Assam&diff=502811 2026-03-31T06:29:13Z

<p>Igorcaf: Started entry</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|none}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2021}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}{{Infobox ethnic group<br /> | group = Hinduism in Assam&lt;br&gt;অসমত হিন্দু ধৰ্ম<br /> | native_name =<br /> | image = Kamakhya Temple, Guwahati.jpg<br /> | image_caption = [[Kamakhya Temple]] in [[Guwahati]], [[Assam]].<br /> | pop = '''19,180,759 (2011 census)''' {{Increase}}&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiacensus.net/states/assam|title = Assam Population 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Population by religion community – 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=Census of India, 2012|publisher=The Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825155850/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS|archive-date=25 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br /&gt; (61.47% of population){{decrease}}<br /> | langs = '''Majority'''&lt;br/&gt;[[Assamese language|Assamese]]&lt;br/&gt;<br /> '''Minority'''&lt;br/&gt;[[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Bodo language|Bodo]], [[Karbi language|Karbi]], [[Dimasa language|Dimasa]], [[Hindi]], [[Meitei language|Manipuri]], [[Sadri language|Sadri]], [[Mising language|Mising]], [[Deori language|Deori]], [[Nepali language|Nepali]] and others<br /> | religions = '''[[Hinduism]]'''<br /> | related_groups = [[Islam in Assam|Assamese Muslims]] and [[Christianity in Assam|Assamese Christians]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Hinduism''' is the dominant religion practised in the state of [[Assam]]. According to some scholars, it is home to some of the most complex and poorly understood traditions in [[Hinduism]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Assam – the remote and hilly region in the northeast corner of India, tucked between Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar – is home to some of the most complex and poorly understood Hindu traditions of South Asia.&quot;{{harvcol|Urban|2016|p=11}}&lt;/ref&gt; People follow traditions belonging to [[Shaivism]], [[Saktism|Shaktism]], [[Tantra]], and an indigenous form of [[Vaishnavism]] called [[Ekasarana dharma|Ekasarana Dharma]]; taken together the practitioners constitute around 61% of the state population as per the 2011 Census.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt; Hindus form a majority in 17 out of the 29 districts of Assam. By region, there is a significant diversity among the ethnic groups that profess the Hindu faith, traditions, and customs. As per as 2011 Census, In [[Brahmaputra Valley]] of Assam, Hindus constitute 62% of the population, the majority being ethnic [[Assamese people|Assamese]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=C-16 POPULATION BY MOTHER TONGUE |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331105923/https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |archive-date=2022-03-31 |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=[[censusindia.gov.in]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/opinion/news-battleground-assam-a-tale-of-two-valleys-and-the-caa-quandary-assam-bengal-polls-2021-685761|title = Battleground Assam a tale of two valleys and the CAA quandary Assam bengal polls 2021 &amp;#124; Opinion News – India TV|date = 18 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the autonomous [[Bodoland]] region of Assam, Hindus constitute 71.3% of the region's population, most being of the [[Bodo tribe]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/|title=Home &amp;#124; Government of India|website=censusindia.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the [[Barak Valley]] region of southern Assam, Hindus constitute 50% of the region's population, most being ethnic [[Bengalis]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/push-for-bengali-language-in-barak/articleshow/88221250.cms | title=Push for Bengali language in Barak &amp;#124; Guwahati News | website=[[The Times of India]] | date=11 December 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://scroll.in/article/881600/in-assams-barak-valley-muslims-fear-the-new-citizenship-bill-will-disempower-them-politically | title=In Assam's Barak Valley, Muslims fear the new citizenship bill will disempower them politically | date=22 June 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/assam-assembly-election-2021-in-barak-valley-congress-battles-religious-fault-lines-local-factors-bother-bjp-9483101.html | title=Assam Assembly Election 2021: In Barak Valley, Congress battles religious fault lines; local factors bother BJP | work=Firstpost | date=April 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Hill Tribes of Assam, particularly the [[Karbi people]] of [[Karbi Anglong]] and [[Dimasa people]] of [[Dima Hasao]], are mainly Animists.&lt;ref name=&quot;censusindia.gov.in&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=ST-14 Scheduled Tribe Population By Religious Community – Assam |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14/ST-18-00-014-DDW-2011.XLS |website=census.gov.in |access-date=7 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> [[File:Sankaradeva.jpg|thumb|[[Sankardev]], founder of [[Ekasarana Dharma|Ekasarna sect]] of Hinduism]]Most of the [[Hindus]] in [[Assam]] belongs to the [[Ekasarana Dharma|Ekasarna sect]] of [[Vaishnavism]] which is the dominant faith of the region since its formation from 15th–16th century in [[Brahmaputra valley]], Assam. The Ahom kings during their 600 yrs rule in Assam, have increasingly patronizing Hinduism alongside the proselytizing activities of [[Ekasarana Dharma]] since the 16th-century—a large section of the [[Bodo-Kachari peoples]] converted to different forms of Hinduism in the 17th–18th century and a composite Assamese consisting of caste-Hindus, tribals began to form.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvcol|Misra|1999|p=1264}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Suhungmung]], was the first Ahom king who have converted into [[Hinduism]] and adopt a Hindu title, Swarganarayana during that medieval period of ahom rule. But some sources also argue that Jayadhwaj Singha was the first Ahom king who have formally accepted Hinduism. Rudra Singha was the first who announced publicly of his inclination towards Hinduism and consequently later on he became a disciple of a Hindu Brahman priest.&lt;ref&gt;Changing Status of the Ahom Priestly Class (PDF)&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Baruah|1986|p=227}} The historical roots of the Hindu religion in Assam dates back to at least 4th–7th centuries when [[Varman dynasty]] were ruling in the region. Vedic sacrifices such as the [[Ashvamedha]] and other [[Brahmanical]] rites and rituals were prevalent in this region during that period. The form of Hinduism that developed in the Assam region has long been a complex negotiation link between Vedic traditions with indigenous folk practices and beliefs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195399318/obo-9780195399318-0245.xml | title=Assam }}&lt;/ref&gt; Before the arrival of Hindu religion in the fertile valley of [[Brahmaputra valley|Brahmaputra]], Majority of ethnic [[Assamese people]] practiced an indigenous religion known as [[Ahom religion]], followed by [[Bodo people]] who professed [[Bathouism]] and various ethnic tribals like : [[Karbi people|Karbi]], [[Dimasa people|Dimasa]], [[Mising people|Mising]] and [[Rabha]] were practitioners of [[Animism]] prior to the coming of Hinduism in the valley.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/assam-to-create-department-of-indigenous-faith/article35254450.ece | title=Assam to create department of indigenous faith | newspaper=The Hindu | date=10 July 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Assam (.gov)<br /> https://assam.gov.in › filesPDF<br /> GOVERNMENT OF ASSAM INDIGENOUS AND TRIBAL FAITH ...&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[File:Dhekiakhowa Bornamghar.jpg|thumb|right|[[Dhekiakhowa Bornamghar]] at [[Jorhat]]]]<br /> <br /> [[File:Dakhinpat Temple.jpg|thumb|right|Sanctorium of the Dakhinpat Sattra in [[Majuli]]]]<br /> <br /> The [[Vaishnavism]] which is a prominent sect of Hinduism in Assam do not believe in [[idol worship]] and perform &quot;Naamkirtan&quot;, where the glory of '''formless''' [[Lord Vishnu]] is recited and chanted. There are two important cultural and religious institutions that influence the religious fabric of Assam: the &quot;[[Satra (Ekasarana Dharma)|Satras]]&quot;, is a site of religious and cultural practice and the &quot;[[Namghar]]&quot;, the house of prayers where religious people meet and pray together as a community.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://assam.gov.in/about-us/391 | title=Culture of Assam &amp;#124; Assam State Portal }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Festivals ==<br /> === Bohag bihu ===<br /> [[File:Bihu dance হুঁচৰি.jpg|thumb|Children celebrating Bohag Bihu]]<br /> <br /> The first day of Bohag bihu is called &quot;Goru Bihu&quot;. Goru means cow. The first day is the bihu of cows and buffaloes. Goru bihu is related to the agricultural roots of Assam in rural areas. The day is dedicated to caring and upkeep of cattle (the wealth generator of farmers). Cows (sacred animal in [[Hinduism]]) are bathed and smeared with [[turmeric]] and [[pulses]] near pond, and are worshiped as part of the festivities by Assamese Hindu agriculturalists throughout Assam.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://indiaaheadnews.com/india/assam-people-celebrate-goru-bihu-with-cow-worship-on-the-first-day-of-new-year-rongali-bihu-197093/ | title=Breaking News in English &amp;#124; National Politics News in English | work=Indiaahead News - | date=15 April 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Ambubachi Mela ===<br /> [[File:Ambubachi Mela at Kamakhya Temple by Vikramjit Kakati.jpg|thumb|Sadhus gathered at Kamakhya Temple for the Ambubachi Mela]]<br /> During [[Ambubachi Mela]], hindu sages from all over India assemble in the temple to get blessings of Maa Kamakhya and uplift their knowledge Tantra Sadhana, which is known by the local name of &quot;Tantra Mantra&quot;. Kamakhya is centre of Tantric worship.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://directortourism.assam.gov.in/portlets/religious-festivals | title=Religious Festivals &amp;#124; Directorate of Tourism &amp;#124; Government of Assam, India }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Bathou puja (worship) ===<br /> [[File:Bathow.jpg|thumb|300px|The Boro people consider this cactus to be holy. They call it 'Bathow Bwrai' or Lord Shiva.]]<br /> <br /> '''[[Bathow Puja]]''' is an important religious festival of the [[Bodo tribe|Bodo]]-[[Kachari tribe|Kacharies]] of [[Assam]], [[India]]. In this festival, indigenous bodo people worship a god known by different names like Gila Damra, Khuria Bwrai, Sri Brai (Shib bwrai), Bathow Bwrai etc. Among these festivals, Kherai is the most significant and important.&lt;ref&gt;xajzkjdx.cn<br /> https://www.xajzkjdx.cn › 95...PDF<br /> BATHOU: OLDEST RELIGION OF THE BODO COMMUNITY&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Temples ==<br /> === Hajo ===<br /> [[File:হয়গ্ৰীৱ মাধব মন্দিৰ, হাজো.jpg|thumb|Hayagriva Madhava Temple, Hajo]]<br /> <br /> [[Hajo]] is a historic town set in the hills northwest of [[Guwahati]], [[Assam]], India. It is a sacred place for Hindus as a pilgrimage site. To the Hindus of Assam and world over, the Manikut Parbat of Hajo is the site of the 10th-century temple ruins and the 11th- to 16th-century temples complex for [[Vaishnavism]] as well as shrines of [[Shaivism]] and [[Shaktism]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | title=Hundreds attend Manikut Festival in Hajo to promote communal harmony - manikut festival in assam to promote communal harmony enters 25th year - | url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/story/manikut-festival-assam-promote-communal-harmony-enters-25th-year-392725-2019-01-16 | access-date=2026-02-08 | website=www.indiatodayne.in | date=16 January 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Navagraha Temple ===<br /> [[File:Navagraha Temple, Guwahati 01.jpg|200 px|thumb| Navagraha Temple, Guwahati (the second most important temple after Kamakhya)]]<br /> <br /> [[Navagraha temple]] are an important pilgrimage sites devoted to [[Navagraha]]—the nine (nava) major celestial bodies ([[Graha]]s) meaning planets of [[Hindu astronomy]]. The temple is made up of stones. These celestial bodies are named [[Surya]] means (Sun), [[Chandra]] means (Moon), [[Mangala]] means (Mars), [[Budha]] means (Mercury), [[Brihaspati]] means (Jupiter), [[Shukra]] means (Venus), [[Shani]] means (Saturn), [[Rahu]] means (North [[Lunar Node]]) and [[Ketu (mythology)|Ketu]] means (South [[Lunar Node]]). Many temples in Southern parts of India contain a shrine dedicated to the Navagrahas (nine planets). However, the term Navagraha temples refers to a cluster of nine separate temples, each an abode of one of the Navagrahas.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.indianmirror.com/temples/navagraha-temple.html | title=Navagrahas, Navagraha Temple, Navagraha Temple Assam, Navagraha Temple in India }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Basistha temple ===<br /> [[File:Basistha Temple, Guwahati.jpg|200 px|thumb| Basistha temple, third most important Hindu temple after Kamakhya and Navagraha temples]]<br /> <br /> [[Basistha Temple]] is located in the south-east corner of [[Guwahati]] city, [[Assam]] and is a [[Shaiva]] mandir. The history of the Basistha Ashram where the temple is located dates back to the [[Vedic]] age. According to legend the ashram was founded by the great saint Basistha muni ([[Vasishtha]]).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Basistha Temple in Guwahati, Basistha Ashram Temple in Guwahati |url=https://www.guwahationline.in/city-guide/amp/basistha-temple |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=www.guwahationline.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; Temple in the ashram stands on the bank of the mountain streams originating from the hills of Meghalaya, which becomes the rivers Basistha and Bahini/Bharalu flowing throughout the city.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Basistha Temple {{!}} Shiva Mandir, Guwahati, Assam – Hindu Temples |url=https://rgyan.com/en/temples/basistha-temple |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=rgyan.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Umananda temple ===<br /> [[File:Umananda Temple-Guwahati-Assam-DSC0001.jpg|thumb|Umananda island temple of Assam]]<br /> <br /> &quot;Umananda&quot; the smallest river island is located in the midst of river Brahmaputra flowing through the city of Guwahati in Assam. The British named the island Peacock Island for its structure. This temple is dedicated to Hindu deity [[Lord Shiva]]. According to Hindu mythology, [[Lord Shiva]] created the island for his wife [[Parvati]]'s happiness and pleasure. Shiva is said to have resided here in the form of [[Bhayananda]]. According to a myth in [[Kalika Purana]], Shiva burnt [[Kamadeva]] with his third eye on Umananda when he interrupted Shiva's deep meditation, hence the Island is also known as Bhasmachal. [[Maha Shivaratri]] is widely celebrated in Umananda. Monday is considered to be the holiest day in the temple and the new moon brings bliss to the hindu pilgrims.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last1=Today | first1=North East | url=https://www.northeasttoday.in/2020/04/19/the-mysterious-mythological-story-of-umananda-temple/ | title=The mysterious mythological story of Umananda temple | work=Northeast Today | date=19 April 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Sukreshwar mandir ===<br /> [[File:Sukreswar Devalaya.jpg|200px|thumb|Sukreswar Mandir]]<br /> <br /> The [[Sukreswar Temple]] is an important Shiva temple which was built in 1744 year by Ahom King Pramatta Singha. Leading down from the temple compound is a long flight of steps to the Brahmaputra River from where one can view the picturesque Umananda Island temple, the smallest river Island in the world. The temple is located on the Sukreswar or [[Itakhuli hill]] on the south bank of river Brahmaputra in the [[Panbazar]] locality of Guwahati city.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sukreswar Temple – History of Sukreswar Temple|url=https://www.mahashivratri.org/shiva-temples/sukreswar-temple.html|access-date=2022-02-03|website=www.mahashivratri.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Dirgeshwari temple ===<br /> [[File:Dirgheswari Temple.jpg|200px|thumb|Image representing Dirgeshwari Mata Mandir]]<br /> <br /> [[Dirgheshwari temple|Dirgheswari Mandir]] is a temple situated in the northern banks of the river [[Brahmaputra River]] in [[Guwahati]], Assam. Many ancient images depicting Hindu deities made on rocks existed along with the temple. Brick temple were made by Ahom king Swargadeo [[Sutanphaa|Siva Singha]], Dirgheswari temple is considered as a [[Shakta pithas|Shakta pitha]] for [[Shakti Worship]]. The main attraction of Dirgheswari temple is the annual [[Durga Puja]] celebrations, in which hindu devotees from far of places come to attend.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.guwahationline.in/city-guide/dirgheswari-temple | title=Dirgheswari Temple Guwahati, How to reach Dirgheswari Temple }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Demography==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+ ''Assam hindu population (1901–2011)''&lt;ref name=&quot;Citizenship Amendment Act: BJP chasing ghosts in Assam; Census data shows number of Hindu immigrants may have been exaggerated&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-12-18|title=Citizenship Amendment Act: BJP chasing ghosts in Assam; Census data shows number of Hindu immigrants may have been exaggerated|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/citizenship-amendment-bill-bjp-chasing-ghosts-in-assam-as-census-data-shows-number-of-hindu-immigrants-couldve-been-exaggerated-5640511.html|access-date=2021-07-17|website=Firstpost}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! State population<br /> ! Hindu Population <br /> ! Percentage<br /> |-<br /> | '''1901'''<br /> | 3,289,680<br /> | 2,781,424 <br /> | 84.55<br /> |-<br /> | '''1911'''<br /> | 3,848,617<br /> | 3,201,664<br /> | 83.19<br /> |-<br /> | '''1921'''<br /> | 4,636,980<br /> | 3,726,277<br /> | 80.36<br /> |-<br /> | '''1931''' <br /> | 5,560,371<br /> | 4,214,761<br /> | 75.8<br /> |-<br /> | '''1941'''<br /> | 6,694,790<br /> | 4,131,355<br /> | 74.3<br /> |-<br /> | '''1951'''<br /> | 8,028,856<br /> | 5,682,824<br /> | 70.78<br /> |-<br /> | '''1961''' <br /> | 10,837,329<br /> | 7,731,350<br /> | 71.34<br /> |-<br /> | '''1971'''<br /> | 14,625,152<br /> | 10,604,697<br /> | 72.51<br /> |-<br /> | '''1981'''<br /> | 18,041,248<br /> | 12,578,358<br /> | 69.72<br /> |-<br /> | '''1991''' <br /> | 22,414,322<br /> | 15,048,975<br /> | 67.14<br /> |-<br /> | '''2001'''<br /> | 26,655,528<br /> | 17,296,772<br /> | 64.89<br /> |-<br /> | '''2011'''<br /> | 31,205,576<br /> | 19,180,759<br /> | 61.47<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> A part of Hinduism's percentage decline in Assam is due to lower fertility rates compared to the Muslim population and illegal immigration of [[Bangladeshis]] in Assam since from the late 1900s. Assam's total fertility rate is 1.9 according to NFHS-5. The rate is below the replacement rate of 2.1. In NFHS-3, which was conducted in 2005–06, Hindus in Assam had fertility rates of 1.95 respectively. By 2019–20, NFHS-5 showed Hindu fertility rate have fallen to 1.6.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/toi-editorials/numbers-tell-the-story-assam-cm-should-look-at-states-fertility-data/|title=Numbers tell the story: Assam CM should look at state's fertility data|date=12 June 2021|website=Times of India Blog}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Population by district (2011 year)===<br /> <br /> Below is a breakdown of the [[Hindu]] population by district in the [[India]]n state of [[Assam]] according to the 2011 [[Census of India]]:<br /> &lt;ref name=&quot;census_2011&quot;&gt;[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW18C-01%20MDDS.XLS 2011 Census Data: Assam].&lt;/ref&gt; Hindus are majority in eighteenth districts out of twenty-nine in Assam.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/|title=Census of India|access-date=4 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Incomplete short citation|date=February 2022}}<br /> <br /> {{static row numbers}}<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-hash&quot;<br /> ! District !! Total population !! Hindu population !! Percentage<br /> |-<br /> | [[Baksa district|Baksa]] || 950,075 || 782,901 || style=&quot;background: darkorange&quot; |82.4%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Barpeta district|Barpeta]] || 1,693,622 || 492,966 || 29.11%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Bongaigaon district|Bongaigaon]] || 738,804 || 359,145 || 48.61%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Cachar district|Cachar]] || 1,736,617 || 1,038,985 || style=&quot;background: orange&quot; |59.83%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Chirang district|Chirang]] || 482,162 || 320,647 || style=&quot;background: orange&quot; |66.50%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Darrang district|Darrang]] || 928,500 || 327,322 || 35.25%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Dhemaji district|Dhemaji]] || 686,133 || 655,052 || style=&quot;background: darkorange&quot; |95.47%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Dhubri district|Dhubri]] || 1,949,258 || 388,380 || 19.92%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Dibrugarh district|Dibrugarh]] || 1,326,335 || 1,198,401 || style=&quot;background: darkorange&quot; |90.35% <br /> |-<br /> | [[Dima Hasao district|Dima Hasao]] || 214,102 || 143,593 || style=&quot;background: orange&quot; |67.07%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Goalpara district|Goalpara]] || 1,008,183 || 347,878 || 34.51%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Golaghat district|Golaghat]] || 1,066,888 || 917,426 || style=&quot;background: darkorange&quot; |85.99%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Hailakandi district|Hailakandi]] || 659,296 || 251,194 || 38.1%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Jorhat district|Jorhat]] || 1,092,256 || 1,008,219 || style=&quot;background: darkorange&quot; |92.31%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Kamrup district|Kamrup]] || 1,517,542 || 877,495 || style=&quot;background: orange&quot; |57.82%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Kamrup Metropolitan district|Kamrup Metropolitan]] || 1,253,938 || 1,064,412 || style=&quot;background: darkorange&quot; |84.89%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Karbi Anglong district|Karbi Anglong]] || 956,313 || 766,000 || style=&quot;background: darkorange&quot; |80.1%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Karimganj district|Karimganj]] || 1,228,686 || 521,962 || 42.48%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Kokrajhar district|Kokrajhar]] || 887,142 || 529,068 || style=&quot;background: orange&quot; |59.64%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Lakhimpur district|Lakhimpur]] || 1,042,137 || 797,130 || style=&quot;background: orange&quot; |76.49%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Morigaon district|Morigaon]] || 957,423 || 451,882 || 47.2%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Nagaon district|Nagaon]] || 2,823,768 || 1,225,246 || 43.39%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Nalbari district|Nalbari]] || 771,639 || 491,582 || style=&quot;background: orange&quot; |63.71%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Sivasagar district|Sivasagar]] || 1,151,050 || 1,007,277 || style=&quot;background: darkorange&quot; |87.51%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Sonitpur district|Sonitpur]] || 1,924,110 || 1,422,824 || style=&quot;background: orange&quot; |73.95%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Tinsukia district|Tinsukia]] || 1,327,929 || 1,181,347 || style=&quot;background: darkorange&quot; |88.96%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Udalguri district|Udalguri]] || 831,668 || 612,425 || style=&quot;background: orange&quot; |73.64%<br /> |-<br /> | [[Hojai district|Hojai]] || 931,218 || 424,065 || 45.53%<br /> |-<br /> | [[South Salmara district]] || 249,508 || 4,589 || 1.84%<br /> |-<br /> | '''Assam''' (Total) || 31,205,576 || 19,180,759 || 61.47%<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Conflict and Tensions==<br /> ===Tensions against Hindu Marwaris===<br /> <br /> 32 local groups in [[Assam]] are demanding protection of [[Assamese people|Assamese]] rights, seeking to preserve the state's culture and interests. Loud music during [[Hindu]] festivals like [[Holi]] and ''BolBom'' ([[Bolbam Dham]]) has been requested to be stopped by the demonstrators, targeting the non-Assamese community and also advocating for 100% job reservation for Assamese people in [[Dibrugarh district]]. The groups have also raised other demands to safeguard the rights and identity of the Assamese community.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Dibrugarh erupts in protest: 32 local groups demand protection of Assamese rights<br /> |date=2 September 2024 |url=https://assamtribune.com/assam/dibrugarh-erupts-in-protest-32-local-groups-demand-protection-of-assamese-rights-1550085}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> A 17-year-old girl's alleged assault in Assam's [[Sivasagar]] sparked protests against &quot;non-Assamese&quot; business owners, escalating into threats from militant group [[United Liberation Front of Assam|ULFA(I)]] and a public apology from Marwari representatives kneeling down begging for forgiveness; though the deed of some particular person was generalised to the whole community. Two local Marwari businessmen have been arrested in connection with the assault, which fueled resentment against &quot;non-Assamese&quot; residents and business owners. A protest by 30 Assamese nationalist groups began on Monday, shutting down shops and businesses owned by &quot;non-Assamese&quot; residents. A meeting was held on Tuesday, led by State Cabinet Minister [[Ranoj Pegu]], with representatives from both Assamese nationalist and [[Marwari people|Marwari]] groups to address the issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Teen girl's assault sparks Assamese vs 'outsiders' row, ends in apology by Marwari groups|date=21 August 2024 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/teen-girls-assault-sparks-assamese-vs-outsiders-row-ends-in-apology-by-marwari-groups-9524673/}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Past riots against Bengali Hindus===<br /> {{Main article|Bongal Kheda}}<br /> <br /> The &quot;Bongal Kheda&quot; campaign of the 1960s and 1970s primarily targeted Bengali Hindus, particularly those who were settled in Assam for generations and they are being called &quot;[[Bongal]]&quot;, means outsiders. These individuals, many of whom had contributed significantly to the state's development, were caught in a web of ethnic and political tensions. During the campaign, these Bengali Hindus faced systematic persecution, which led to the forced migration of around 5 lakh people from Assam to Bengal. This violent displacement was a result of a concerted effort to drive out the Bengali-speaking community, with little regard for their deep-rooted connection to the land. In recent years, similar rhetoric has resurfaced, sparking fears that the struggles of [[Bengali Hindus in Assam]] are far from over, as they once again find themselves on the receiving end of exclusion and marginalization.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | title=Mamata: CM warns against Assam ‘Bongal kheda’ rerun , asks party MPs to protest {{!}} Kolkata News - Times of India | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/cm-warns-against-assam-bongal-kheda-rerun-asks-party-mps-to-protest/articleshow/62357692.cms | access-date=2026-02-08 | website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com | date=4 January 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | title=OPINION {{!}} Antipathy Towards Bengalis Prime Mover Of Assam Politics {{!}} Outlook India | url=https://www.outlookindia.com/national/india-news-opinion-antipathy-towards-bengalis-prime-mover-of-assam-politics-news-302538 | access-date=2026-02-08 | website=www.outlookindia.com | date=19 December 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Past riots against Bihari Hindus===<br /> {{Main article|Anti-Bihari sentiment}}<br /> <br /> The 2003 attacks on [[Biharis]] in Assam were a series of violent incidents that led to 29 fatalities across various districts, with the violence largely attributed to the growing frustration among unemployed Assamese youth and the influence of militant groups. The attacks targeted Bihari migrants, with the [[United Liberation Front of Assam]] (ULFA) being suspected of orchestrating many of the killings, including the brutal murder of a family of six in Dibrugarh. The government responded by imposing curfews and deploying the military to maintain order, while local authorities used force to disperse violent mobs in Tinsukia. The violence highlighted the socio-political tensions in the region, exacerbated by ethnic divisions and unemployment, and left a lasting impact on Assamese-Bihari relations.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | publisher=Rediff | date=19 November 2003 | title=Attack on Biharis in Assam: Despair among unemployed youth seen as major reason | url=https://m.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/19assam.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | publisher=India Today | date=7 December 2003 | title=Attack on Biharis in Assam: Despair among unemployed youth seen as major reason | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/states/story/20031208-attack-on-biharis-in-assam-despair-among-unemployed-youth-seen-as-major-reason-791370-2003-12-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | newspaper=The Times of India | date=28 November 2003 | title=16 killed in fresh violence in Assam | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/16-killed-in-fresh-violence-in-assam/articleshow/292033.cms}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> On 25 December 2022, members of the Veer [[Lachit Sena]], a right-wing group in Assam, harassed two Bihari employees at a petrol pump in Guwahati. The incident began the previous day, when a verbal altercation between two Assamese customers and the petrol pump staff escalated into a physical fight. After the confrontation, one of the customers, Manjyoti Baruah, approached the Veer Lachit Sena, accusing the staff of mistreatment. The Sena responded by publicly humiliating two Bihari workers, forcing them to kneel and perform sit-ups, demanding that they &quot;not touch Assamese people&quot; again. The group’s leader, Bikash Baruah, claimed that the staff had attacked the Assamese customers, though the workers involved were not part of the altercation. The incident led to an outcry from the Bihari employees, who felt insecure and terrified. A petrol pump cashier, Shashi Singh, witnessed the events and reported that the attackers also instructed the workers that &quot;not a single Bihari should be seen&quot; in Assam. Following the incident, the police arrested 14 members of the Veer Lachit Sena for charges including causing voluntary harm. The two Bihari staff members involved in the initial altercation were also arrested, though they were later released. The police investigation revealed that the two Bihari workers had not participated in the fight. The incident raised concerns among the Bihari migrant workers in Assam about their safety and security, prompting calls for governmental intervention.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | publisher=Scroll.in | date=25 December 2022 | title=&quot;Not a single Bihari should be seen&quot;: Inside the Veer Lachit Sena's war on &quot;outsiders&quot; in Assam | url=https://scroll.in/article/1015245/not-a-single-bihari-should-be-seen-inside-the-veer-lachit-senas-war-on-outsiders-in-assam}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Trends ==<br /> {{Historical populations|1901|19=1991|percentages=|pop_name=|shading=|state=|width=|align=right|footnote=|type=|title=Decadal growth of Hindus in Assam|24=19,180,759|23=2011|22=17,296,772|21=2001|20=15,048,975|18=12,578,358|2,781,424|9=1941|1911|3,201,664|1921|3,726,277|1931|4,214,761|10=4,131,355|17=1981|11=1951|12=5,682,824|13=1961|14=7,731,350|15=1971|16=10,604,697|source=[[Census of India]]}}<br /> <br /> The Hindu population in Assam have increased from 2.78 million in 1901 to 19.18 million in 2011 census (a growth of 16.4 million in 110 years).&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cpsindia.org/dl/Blogs/Blog%2018%20Assam.pdf|title=Decline of Hindus and the Rise of Muslims in Assam|website=cpsindia.org|access-date=4 February 2022|archive-date=12 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712212612/http://www.cpsindia.org/dl/Blogs/Blog%2018%20Assam.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hindus in Assam have a fertility rate of 1.6 in 2019–20.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/assam-muslims-have-recorded-sharpest-fall-in-fertility-since-2005-06-govt-data/articleshow/83450140.cms|title=Assam Muslims have recorded sharpest fall in fertility since 2005–06: Govt data |website=The Times of India|date=12 June 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Between (2011–21) year for upcoming [[2021 census of India]], it was predicted that Hindu growth rate have fallen below 10 percent leading to a population growth of only 20.16 million in 2021 from 19.18 million which was the previous census results of 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/demographic-jitters/225190 | title=Demographic Jitters | date=3 February 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://scroll.in/latest/1000634/assam-plans-to-form-population-army-to-curb-birth-rate-in-muslim-areas | title=Assam plans to form 'population army' to curb birth rate in Muslim areas | date=20 July 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/hindu-muslim-population-growth-rate-difference-dangerous-says-assam-cm-himanta-biswa-sarma/articleshow/83975805.cms | title=Hindu-Muslim population growth rate difference dangerous, says Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma &amp;#124; Guwahati News | website=[[The Times of India]] | date=30 June 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+ Hindu percentage by decades in Assam&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Percent<br /> ! Increase<br /> |-<br /> | 1901<br /> | {{percentage bar|84.55}}<br /> | -<br /> |-<br /> | 1911<br /> | {{percentage bar|83.19}}<br /> | {{decrease}} -1.36%<br /> |-<br /> | 1921<br /> | {{percentage bar|80.36}}<br /> | {{decrease}} -2.83%<br /> |-<br /> | 1931<br /> | {{percentage bar|75.8}}<br /> | {{decrease}} -4.56%<br /> |-<br /> | 1941<br /> | {{percentage bar|74.3}}<br /> | {{decrease}} -1.5%<br /> |-<br /> | 1951<br /> | {{percentage bar|70.78}}<br /> | {{decrease}} -3.52%<br /> |-<br /> | 1961<br /> | {{percentage bar|71.34}}<br /> | {{increase}} +0.56%<br /> |-<br /> | 1971<br /> | {{percentage bar|72.51}}<br /> | {{increase}} +1.17%<br /> |-<br /> | 1981<br /> | {{percentage bar|69.72}}<br /> | {{decrease}} -2.79%<br /> |-<br /> | 1991<br /> | {{percentage bar|67.14}}<br /> | {{decrease}} -2.58%<br /> |-<br /> | 2001<br /> | {{percentage bar|64.89}}<br /> | {{decrease}} -2.25%<br /> |-<br /> | 2011<br /> | {{percentage bar|61.47}}<br /> | {{decrease}} -3.42%<br /> |}<br /> <br /> Assam's Hindu percentage has been steadily decreasing for over a century, though they experienced a slight rebound during the 1960s and 70s. The percentage of Hindus was 84.55% in 1901 and has declined to 61.47% in 2011 census, representing a decline of 23.08% in 110 years.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt; The increase in the Hindu percentage during the period of (1961–1971) was mainly because of im-migration of East Pakistan's Hindu refugees into the state.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/citizenship-amendment-bill-bjp-chasing-ghosts-in-assam-as-census-data-shows-number-of-hindu-immigrants-couldve-been-exaggerated-5640511.html | title=Citizenship Amendment Act: BJP chasing ghosts in Assam; Census data shows number of Hindu immigrants may have been exaggerated | work=Firstpost | date=18 December 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Illegal Immigration===<br /> <br /> As per estimation, around 10 million [[Bangladeshis]] are staying illegally in Assam, of which around 2 million among them are [[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hindus]] who have entered Assam in droves during ([[Bangladesh Liberation War|1961-71]]) period and thereafter staying here, thus today constituting around 6.4 percent of the state population as per [[2011 census of India|2011 Census]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=1 Crore Illegal Bangladeshis Residing In Assam: Dipanka Nath |url=https://www.pratidintime.com/latest-assam-news-breaking-news-assam/1-crore-illegal-bangladeshis-residing-in-assam-dipanka-nath |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=www.pratidintime.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2019-01-17 |title=20 lakh Bangladeshi Hindus to become Indians if Citizenship Bill is passed: Krishak Mukti Sangram Samiti |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/20-lakh-bangladeshi-hindus-to-become-indians-if-citizenship-bill-is-passed-krishak-mukti-sangram-samiti/articleshow/67574226.cms |access-date=2024-11-15 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}&lt;/ref&gt; If the illegal population are excluded through [[National Register of Citizens]] and are [[deported]], then state total population will come down from 31.2 million to 21.2 million, and as a result the Hindu population will shift from 19.18 million (61.47%) to 17.18 million (81.04%) and the Muslim population with shift from 12.02 million (38.53%) to 4.02 million (18.96%) respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/citizenship-amendment-bill-bjp-chasing-ghosts-in-assam-as-census-data-shows-number-of-hindu-immigrants-couldve-been-exaggerated-5640511.html | title=Citizenship Amendment Act: BJP chasing ghosts in Assam; Census data shows number of Hindu immigrants may have been exaggerated | work=Firstpost | date=18 December 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Hindu population by Ethnic Group===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+ ''Ethnicity of Assam Hindu population (2011 year)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;{{Incomplete short citation|date=February 2022}}{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}''<br /> |-<br /> ! Ethnicity/Race<br /> ! Hindu population<br /> |-<br /> | [[Assamese people|Assamese Caste Hindus]] ([[Kayastha]], [[Assamese Brahmins|Brahmins]] and [[Vaishyas]].)<br /> | 2,045,706<br /> |-<br /> | [[Bengali Hindus in Assam|Bengali Hindus]] (Majority in [[Barak Valley]], while significant population also resides in mainland [[Brahmaputra Valley]].)<br /> | 6,026,439<br /> |-<br /> |Indigenous Tribal Hindus ([[Ahom people|Ahom]], [[Bodo people|Bodo]], [[Dimasa people|Dimasa]], [[Deori people|Deori]], [[Chutia people|Chutia]], [[Karbi people|Karbi]], [[Mishing people|Mishing]], [[Hajong people|Hajong]], [[Tea-garden community]], [[Rabha people|Rabha]], [[Deori people|Deori]], [[Moran people|Moran]], [[Tiwa people (India)|Tiwa]] etc.)<br /> | 8,192,417<br /> |-<br /> |Hindu Immigrants from ([[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Bihar]], [[Nepal]], [[Odisha]], [[Punjab]] &amp; [[Rajasthan]].)<br /> | 2,916,197<br /> |-<br /> | Total<br /> |19,180,759<br /> |}<br /> <br /> The Scheduled Tribes of Assam are mainly practitioners of Hindu faith. Of 38.84 lakh Scheduled Tribes counted in Assam in 2011, it was found that 33.50 lakh are Hindus; forming 86.24 percent of the ST population in the state.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://blog.cpsindia.org/2016/09/religion-data-of-census-2011-xxix.html?m=1 | title=Religion Data of Census 2011: XXIX Northeast ST }}&lt;/ref&gt; About 95% of the [[Ahom people|Ahom]] tribe,&lt;ref&gt;{{harv|Saikia|2004}}&lt;/ref&gt; 90% of the [[Bodo people|Bodo]] tribe,&lt;ref name=&quot;ref15gufaz&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=_YYnwp8e5VYC Ethnic Issues, Secularism and Conflict Resolution in North East India], pp. 145, Concept Publishing Company, 2006, ISBN 9788180691348, ''... Amongst the plains tribals in the state of Assam, the Bodos are the largest group ...''&lt;/ref&gt; 83% of the [[Karbi people|Karbi]] tribe,&lt;ref&gt;Hanse, H.M. (2007). Traditional Dwelling Process of Karbis. In P.C. Patniak &amp; D.Borah (Eds), Tribes of India: Identity, Culture, and Lore (pp.61–79) Guwahati: Angik Prakashan&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=The Karbis of North-East India |last=Phangcho |first=P.C. |publisher=AngGik Prakashan |year=2003 |location=Guwahati}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Tribes of India: Identity, Culture, and Lore (Special Focus on the Karbis of Assam) |last=Terang |first=C.K. |publisher=Angik Prakashan |year=2007 |editor=P.C. Patnaik |editor2=D. Borah |location=Guwahati |chapter=Festival and Beliefs of the Karbi Tribe}}&lt;/ref&gt; 99% of the [[Dimasa people|Dimasa]] tribe,&lt;ref name=&quot;censusindia.gov.in&quot;/&gt; 94% of [[Rabha]] tribe,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/17922/IN | title=Rabha in India }}&lt;/ref&gt; 97% of [[Mising people|Mishing]] tribe are Hindu by faith.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/17563/IN | title=Miri in India }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> {{Portal|India|Hinduism|Religion}}<br /> * [[Demography of Assam]]<br /> * [[Lokhimon]], a Vaishnavism movement followed by the Karbi people of Northeast India<br /> * [[Ahom religion]]<br /> * [[Assamese people]]<br /> * [[Bodo people]]<br /> * [[Islam in Assam]]<br /> * [[Christianity in Assam]]<br /> * [[Bathouism]]<br /> * [[Bengali Hindus in Assam]]<br /> * [[Namghar]]<br /> * [[Satra (Ekasarana Dharma)]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==Bibliography==<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * {{citation |first=S L |last=Baruah |title=A Comprehensive History of Assam |year=1986 |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal}}<br /> * {{Cite journal |last=Misra |first=Udayon |title=Immigration and Identity Transformation in Assam |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=34 |number=21 |year=1999 |pages=1264–1271 |jstor=4407987}}<br /> * {{cite book |last1=Saikia |first1=Yasmin |title=Fragmented Memories: Struggling to be Tai-Ahom in India |date=2004 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=082238616X |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfSmsuO6QugC |language=en}}<br /> * {{citation |last=Urban |first=Hugh |chapter=Assam and the Eastern States |title=Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism Online |editor-first=Knut A. |editor-last=Jacobsen |year=2016 |doi=10.1163/2212-5019_BEH_COM_1010010010}}<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * {{Cite journal|last=Eliot|first=Charles N. E.|date=1910|title=Hinduism in Assam|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25189782|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|pages=1155–1186|jstor=25189782|issn=0035-869X}}<br /> <br /> {{Hinduism in India by region}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Hinduism in Assam| ]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Susanna_(2000_film)&diff=466978 2026-03-26T15:58:34Z

<p>Igorcaf: expand lead for consistency and corrected details</p> <hr /> <div>{{About|the 2000 Malayalam film|the 1923 silent film|Suzanna (film)}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Susanna<br /> | image = Susanna-2000.jpeg<br /> | alt = <br /> | caption = <br /> | director = [[T. V. Chandran]]<br /> | producer = [[T. V. Chandran]]<br /> | writer = [[T. V. Chandran]]<br /> | starring = [[Vani Viswanath]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Bharath Gopi]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Nedumudi Venu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Narendra Prasad]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Charu Hassan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[P. Sreekumar]]&lt;br /&gt; [[M. R. Gopakumar]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Urmila Unni]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Madhupal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[M. G. Sasi]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Shivaji (Malayalam actor)|Shivaji]]&lt;br /&gt;Reshmi Soman<br /> | music = [[Johnson (composer)|Johnson]]<br /> | cinematography = [[:ml:കെ.ജി._ജയൻ|K. G. Jayan]]<br /> | editing = [[Venugopal]]<br /> | studio = <br /> | distributor = Manoj, Shogun Films, Vinod Movies Release<br /> | released = {{Film date|df=yes|2000||}}<br /> | runtime = <br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Malayalam<br /> | budget = &lt;!--Must cite a reliable published source with a reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb. no fan-sites.--&gt;<br /> | gross =&lt;!--Must cite a reliable published source with a reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb. no fan-sites.--&gt;<br /> }}<br /> '''''Susanna''''' is a 2000 [[Malayalam]] film written, directed and produced by [[T. V. Chandran]] with [[Vani Viswanath]] in the title role.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=rediff.com, Movies: The Susanna review |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2000/jul/15sus.htm |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=www.rediff.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film won two [[Kerala State Film Awards]]: Second Best Actress ([[Vani Viswanath]]) and Special Jury Mention ([[T. V. Chandran]]).&lt;ref&gt;{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20090906133226/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/03/06/stories/0406211e.htm &quot;'Sayahnam' bags seven awards&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; It received the [[Padmarajan Award|Padmarajan Award for Cinema]] in 2000. ''Susanna'' is widely regarded as the best performance by Vani Viswanath.<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> {{Colbegin}}<br /> *[[Vani Viswanath]] as Susanna<br /> *[[P. Sreekumar]] as Planter Varkey<br /> *[[Narendra Prasad]] as Prof. Noor Mohammad<br /> *[[Charuhasan]] as Ramakrishna Iyer<br /> *[[Bharath Gopi]] as Retd. High Commissioner K. P. Govardhanan Pillai<br /> *[[Madhupal]] as Ramesan<br /> *[[Mukundan (actor)|Mukundan]] as Thomachan<br /> *[[M. R. Gopakumar]]<br /> *[[M.G. Sasi]]<br /> *[[Shivaji]]<br /> *[[Nedumudi Venu]] as Colonel Ramachandran Nair<br /> *[[Urmila Unni]] as Bhargavi<br /> *[[K. B. Ganesh Kumar]]<br /> *[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]] as Josekutty<br /> *Gopalakrishnan<br /> *Prasanna Ravi<br /> *Teena<br /> *KG Chitranjali<br /> *Remya<br /> *Sudhiranjan<br /> *Aliyar<br /> *Reshmi Soman as Susanna's daughter<br /> *Omana Ouseph<br /> *Geetha Nair as Ramakrishna Iyer's wife<br /> {{Colend}}<br /> <br /> ==Soundtrack==<br /> The music is composed by [[Johnson (composer)|Johnson]]. Canadian poet and musician [[Leonard Cohen]]'s &quot;[[Suzanne (Leonard Cohen song)|Suzanne]]&quot; is played in the film.<br /> *&quot;English Song&quot; - N/A<br /> *&quot;Himabinduvai Pirannu Ninmel&quot; - Johnson<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> [[Mallika Sarabhai]] was also approached to play the role of Susanna.&lt;ref&gt;Unni R. Nair. (7 June 2001). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080920041220/http://www.screenindia.com/old/20010706/rmal1.html &quot;Dani— Travelling with history&quot;]. ''[[Screen India]]''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> D. Jose of ''[[Rediff.com|Rediff]]'' wrote, &quot;Where this film — obviously produced on the thinnest of shoestrings — works is in the fact that, even as it tries to portray a power-packed woman as the central character, it does so without feminist ranting or the usual tears and pathos as Susanna stumbles from misery to misfortune.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2000-08-30 |title=rediff.com, Movies: The Susanna review |url=http://www.rediff.com/entertai/2000/jul/15sus.htm |access-date=2023-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000830074755/http://www.rediff.com/entertai/2000/jul/15sus.htm |archive-date=30 August 2000 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb title|0390526|Susanna}}<br /> <br /> {{T. V. Chandran}}<br /> {{Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Film}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2000 Malayalam-language films]]<br /> [[Category:Films directed by T. V. Chandran]]<br /> [[Category:Films scored by Johnson]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{2000s-Malayalam-film-stub}}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pharaphodius_crenatus&diff=525341 2026-03-18T16:40:50Z

<p>Igorcaf: post - done</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Species of beetle}}<br /> {{Speciesbox<br /> | image = <br /> | image_caption = <br /> | genus = Pharaphodius<br /> | species = crenatus<br /> | authority = (Harold, 1862)<br /> | synonyms = * ''Aphodius crenatus'' &lt;small&gt;Harold, 1862&lt;/small&gt;<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Pharaphodius crenatus''''' is a species of [[Aphodiinae|dung beetle]] native to India, and Sri Lanka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aphodiinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of the Goa, Maharashtra and Rajasthan (India) with description of Aphodius (Gilletianus) rajawatorum sp. nov. |url=https://www.aemnp.eu/data/article-1472/1453-53_2_633.pdf |access-date=2021-07-15 |website=Acta Entomologica Musei nationalis Pragae, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=First report on Scarabaeid (Coleoptera) fauna of Sahaspur, Uttarakhand |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326671433 |access-date=2021-07-15 |website=Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 1999}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> It is an edible type of beetle consumed in Thailand.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Forest insects as food: humans bite back |url=http://buglady.dk/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/edible-forest-inescts.pdf#page=182 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222211745/https://www.buglady.dk/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/edible-forest-inescts.pdf#page=182 |archive-date=22 February 2017 |access-date=2021-07-15 |website=FAO 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist|30em}}<br /> <br /> {{Taxonbar|from=Q14897250}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scarabaeidae]]<br /> [[Category:Beetles of Sri Lanka]]<br /> [[Category:Beetles of India]]<br /> [[Category:Beetles described in 1862]]<br /> <br /> {{Scarabaeidae-stub}}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yashwant_Rao_Holkar_II&diff=475453 2026-03-18T04:46:44Z

<p>Igorcaf: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Maharaja of Indore from 1926 to 1948}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}<br /> {{Infobox royalty<br /> |name = Yeshwant Rao Holkar II<br /> |image = Investiture of his Highness Maharaja Yeshwant Rao Holkar Bahadur of Indore 9th May 1930.jpg<br /> |caption = Investiture of Maharaja Yeshwant Rao Holkar Bahadur of Indore 9th May 1930<br /> |succession = [[Maharaja Holkar|Maharaja Holkar of Indore]]<br /> |reign = 26 February 1926 – 28 May 1948<br /> |predecessor = [[Tukojirao Holkar III]]<br /> |successor = Monarchy abolished, Indore merged into [[Madhya Bharat]]<br /> |succession1 = [[Maharaja Holkar|Titular Maharaja Holkar of Indore]]<br /> |reign1 = 28 May 1948 – 5 December 1961<br /> |reign-type1 = Pretendence<br /> |coronation =11 March 1926, Juna Rajwada Palace, Indore<br /> |successor1 = Usha Devi Holkar<br /> |spouse =[[Sanyogitabai Holkar of Indore|Princess Sanyogita of Kagal]]&lt;br /&gt;Maharani Margaret Holkar&lt;br /&gt;Maharani Euphemia Holkar<br /> |house = [[House of Holkar|Holkar]]<br /> |father = [[Tukojirao Holkar III]]<br /> |mother = Chadrawati Bai Saheba<br /> |issue = Maharajkumar Shrimant Shivaji Rao Holkar (Prince Richard Holkar)&lt;br /&gt;Maharani Usha Devi Holkar<br /> |birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1908|9|6}}<br /> |birth_place = [[Indore]], [[Indore State]], [[British India]]<br /> |death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1961|12|5|1908|9|6}}<br /> |death_place = [[Bombay]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]<br /> |religion = [[Hinduism]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Yeshwant Rao II Holkar XIV Bahadur'''{{citation needed|date=June 2020}} (6{{nbsp}}September 1908{{snd}}5{{nbsp}}December 1961) was the [[Maharaja]] of [[Indore]] ([[Indore State|Holkar State]], now in present-day [[Madhya Pradesh]]) belonging to the [[House of Holkar|Holkar]] dynasty of the [[Marathas]]. With his first wife, [[Sanyogita Bai Sahib Holkar of Indore]], he became known for a life of elegance and extravagance in the 1920s and 30s.<br /> <br /> ==Biography==<br /> He was educated at the [[Cheam School]], [[Charterhouse School|Charterhouse]] and [[Christ Church, Oxford|Christ Church, Oxford University]].<br /> <br /> He succeeded his father [[Tukojirao Holkar III]], who abdicated in his favour on 26 February 1926. He was installed on the throne on 11 March 1926 under a regency council. He was invested with full powers on 9 May 1930. On 1 January 1935 he was made a Knight of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]]. He established a legislative council for Indore state and created a cabinet with a prime minister and three ministers. K.S. Fitze, a British resident of Indore, noted that Holkar spent considerable time abroad. Christie's art director Amin Jaffer considers this an example of his Western influences.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Jackson|Jaffer|2009|p=202}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> On 11 August 1947 he signed the [[Instrument of Accession]] to India. Indore State was included in the Union of [[Madhya Bharat]] on 28 May 1948. He served as the second [[Rajpramukh]] of this new state until 31 October 1956. He later worked with the [[United Nations]], though details of his role remain unclear.<br /> <br /> He died in a Mumbai hospital on 5 December 1961.<br /> <br /> == Manik Bagh ==<br /> In 1930 he commissioned the construction of the [[Manik Bagh]] (&quot;Jewel Garden&quot;) palace in Indore. The architect was [[Eckart Muthesius]] (1904–1989) from Germany. Holkar was at a young age at that time, as was Muthesius, who was only a few years older. The work outside and inside was done in the late [[art deco|Art Deco]] and [[International Style (architecture)|international style]] of [[modern architecture]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.gstindore.gov.in/en/about/about-manik-bagh|title=About Manik Bagh|website=www.gstindore.gov.in|accessdate=28 September 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The [[Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris]] had an exhibition in 2019 called &quot;Moderne Maharajah&quot; dedicated to Yashwant Rao Holkar II and Manik Bagh, featuring some of the interior pieces such as the aluminium bed by Louis Sognot and Charlotte Alix.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.in/content/paris-maharaja-yashwantrao-holkar/|title = Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris celebrates the fascinating life of Maharaja Yeshwantrao Holkar II|date = 14 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Manik Bagh later became a branch of the Indian Customs and Central Excise department.<br /> <br /> ==Marriage==<br /> [[File:Bernard Boutet de Monvel 001.jpg|thumb|Portrait by [[Bernard Boutet de Monvel]], 1934]]<br /> [[File:Bernard Boutet de Monvel 002.jpg|thumb|left|''The Maharani of Indore'' by Bernard Boutet de Monvel (1934)]]<br /> <br /> In 1924 he married [[Sanyogita Bai Sahib Holkar of Indore]].&lt;ref name=Poddar2015&gt;{{cite book |last1=Poddar |first1=Abhishek |last2=Gaskell |first2=Nathaniel |last3=Pramod Kumar |first3=K. G |last4=Museum of Art &amp; Photography (Bangalore |first4=India) |title=Maharanis: women of royal India |date=2015 |location=Ahmedabad |isbn=978-93-85360-06-0 |chapter=Indore|pages=122–123 |oclc=932267190 |language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt; Holkar and his wife Maharani Sanyogita studied in [[England]].&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Jackson|Jaffer|2009|p=192}}&lt;/ref&gt; Together, they traveled extensively across Europe and were photographed by [[Man Ray]] in 1927. Two sets of double portraits were painted by [[Bernard Boutet de Monvel]] in 1929 and 1934.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=(#52) Bernard Boutet de Monvel | website=Sothebys.com| url=https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2016/collection-boutet-de-monvel-pf1639/lot.52.html | access-date=28 September 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Sanyogita died in 1937 at the age of 22 from complications after an appendectomy in [[Switzerland]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/how-maharaja-yeshwant-holkar-and-maharani-sanyogita-devi-turned-indore-into-a-art-deco-paradise|title = How Maharaja Yeshwant Holkar and Maharani Sanyogita Devi Turned Indore into a Art Deco Paradise|date = 2 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/preview/a-thoroughly-modern-maharaja-how-an-indian-prince-amassed-one-of-the-world-s-greatest-collections-of-modern-design|title = Thoroughly Modern Maharaja: How an Indian prince amassed one of the world's greatest interwar design collections|date = 18 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1938 Holkar married Marguerite Lawler, of Fargo, North Dakota.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.willistonherald.com/community/marguerite-lawler-the-fargo-woman-who-married-and-then-was-divorced-by-a-maharaja/article_06d6a412-d914-11eb-b91c-175be1c0b595.html|title = Marguerite Lawler, the Fargo woman who married and then was divorced by a maharaja| date=5 July 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; After their divorce, he married Euphemia &quot;Fay&quot; Watt, of [[Los Angeles]] (also known as Lady Fay Holkar) in 1943.<br /> <br /> He was survived by his two children: <br /> * with Maharani Sanyogita Devi: Maharani Usha Raje of Indore who inherited the titles and rights.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.indianrajputs.com/view/indore | title=Indore (Princely State) | date=20 October 1933 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * with Lady Fay Holkar: [[Maharajkumar Shrimant Shivaji Rao &quot;Richard&quot; Holkar]] (who has two children:&lt;ref&gt;<br /> {{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/the-wedding-royale/story-LtlqdS3NFPR3W1fKh9wX3L.html|title = The wedding royale| work=Hindustan Times |date = 24 February 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sabrina Sanyogita Holkar Ellis and Yashwantrao &quot;Randall&quot; Holkar III).<br /> <br /> ==Honours==<br /> *[[Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]] (GCIE), ''1935''<br /> *[[King George V Silver Jubilee Medal]], ''1935''<br /> *[[King George VI Coronation Medal]], ''1937''<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Yeshwant Club]]<br /> *[[Daly College]]<br /> *[[Indore State]] <br /> *[[Maratha Empire]]<br /> *[[List of Maratha dynasties and states]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> *{{citation|last1=Jackson|first1=Anna|last2=Jaffer|first2=Amin|title=Maharaja|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3pw0AQAAIAAJ|date=1 September 2009|publisher=V &amp; A Publishing|location=London|isbn=978-1-85177-573-6|access-date=21 January 2014}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Commons category|Yashwant Rao Holkar II}}<br /> *[http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/i/indore.html Royalty]<br /> * {{cite web | title=Moderne Maharajah. Un mécène des années 1930 | website=madparis.fr| date=26 September 2019 | url=https://madparis.fr/Moderne-Maharajah-Un-mecene-des-annees-1930 | language=fr | access-date=28 September 2023}}<br /> * Danny Dutch, [https://www.dannydutch.com/post/the-maharaja-and-maharani-of-the-c%C3%B4te-d-azur The Maharaja And Maharani Of The Côte d’Azur]<br /> <br /> {{s-start}}<br /> {{S-hou | [[House of Holkar|Holkar Dynasty]]|6 September|1908|5 December|1961}}<br /> {{s-reg}}<br /> {{s-bef | before=[[Tukojirao Holkar III]]}}<br /> {{s-ttl | title=[[Maharaja Holkar|Maharaja Holkar of Indore]]|years=1926–1948}}<br /> {{s-non | reason =Monarchy Abolished|reason2=[[Political integration of India]]}}<br /> {{s-pre}}<br /> |-<br /> {{s-non | reason =Monarchy Abolished|reason2=[[Political integration of India]]}}<br /> {{s-tul | title =[[Maharaja Holkar|Maharaja Holkar of Indore]]|years=1948–1961}}<br /> {{s-aft | after =Usha Devi Holkar}}<br /> {{S-end}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Holkar, Yeshwantrao, II}}<br /> [[Category:1908 births]]<br /> [[Category:1961 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Maharajas of Indore State]]<br /> [[Category:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]]<br /> [[Category:People educated at Charterhouse School]]<br /> [[Category:Indian knights]]<br /> [[Category:Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford]]<br /> [[Category:People educated at Cheam School]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdul_Mannan_(West_Bengal_politician)&diff=475615 2026-03-17T14:35:52Z

<p>Igorcaf: </p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian politician}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br /> {{Infobox officeholder<br /> | name = Abdul Mannan<br /> | image = Abdul Mannan (Indian politician).jpeg<br /> | imagesize = 220px<br /> | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1952|06|03}}<br /> | death_date =<br /> <br /> | office = [[Leader of the Opposition in West Bengal]]<br /> | term_start = 2 June 2016 &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.wbassembly.gov.in/report.aspx|title=Former Leaders of Opposition|website=West Bengal Legislative Assembly|access-date=10 December 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | term_end = 2 May 2021<br /> | deputy = [[Nepal Mahata]]<br /> | predecessor = [[Surjya Kanta Mishra]]<br /> | successor = [[Suvendu Adhikari]]<br /> |governor=[[Keshari Nath Tripathi]]&lt;br&gt;[[Jagdeep Dhankhar]]<br /> |1blankname=Chief Minister<br /> |1namedata=[[Mamata Banerjee]]<br /> | office2 = [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|Member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly]] <br /> | constituency2 = [[Champdani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Champdani]] <br /> | successor2 = [[Arindam Guin]]<br /> | predecessor2 = [[Muzaffar Khan]] <br /> | term_start2 = 19 May 2016<br /> | term_end2 = 2 May 2021<br /> | term_start3 = 19 June 1991<br /> | term_end3 = 11 May 2006<br /> | successor3 = Sunil Sarkar<br /> | predecessor3 = Jibesh Chakrabarty<br /> | constituency3 = [[Champdani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Champdani]] <br /> | nationality = [[Indian people|Indian]]<br /> | spouse = <br /> | children = <br /> | party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br /> | residence =4/D, Arabinda Sarani, Chatra, [[Serampore]] - 712204, [[West Bengal]], [[India]] <br /> | alma_mater = <br /> | profession = <br /> | religion = <br /> | website = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> '''Abdul Mannan''' is an Indian politician who was the Leader of the Opposition belonging to the [[Indian National Congress]] in the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]].<br /> <br /> On 7 February 2017, Mannan was seriously injured in a fight over a property damage bill in the Assembly.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/ruckus-in-west-bengal-assembly-congress-mla-abdul-mannan-badly-injured/|title=Ruckus in West Bengal Assembly, Congress MLA Abdul Mannan badly injured|date=8 February 2017|publisher=|access-date=9 February 2017|archive-date=8 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208115652/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/ruckus-in-west-bengal-assembly-congress-mla-abdul-mannan-badly-injured/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mannan protested the law, which would jail criminals for vandalism for 7 years, using placards. He was asked to stop but refused, after which he was suspended. He then sat in the Well of the House in protest, which led to a confrontation between police trying to remove him and fellow Congress MLAs, leading to Mannan being seriously injured.<br /> <br /> Two days later, Mannan complained of suffocation and chest pains during an Assembly meeting, leading him to get a temporary pacemaker implanted another two days later.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/abdul-mannan-stable-after-heart-surgery/articleshow/57090999.cms|title=Abdul Mannan stable after heart surgery - Times of India|work=The Times of India |date=11 February 2017 |publisher=|access-date=11 February 2017|archive-date=12 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212223302/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/abdul-mannan-stable-after-heart-surgery/articleshow/57090999.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Mannan was defeated by TMC candidate [[Arindam Guin]] in the 2021 Legislative Assembly election.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Champdani Election 2021: Assembly Elections News, Champdani Constituency, Vidhan Sabha Seat |work=[[News18 India]] |url=https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/west-bengal/champdani-election-result-s25a187/ |access-date=15 May 2021 |archive-date=16 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516021307/https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/west-bengal/champdani-election-result-s25a187/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> {{s-start}}<br /> {{s-off}}<br /> {{succession box<br /> | before = [[Surjya Kanta Mishra]] |<br /> | title = [[Leader of the Opposition (India)|Leader of the Opposition in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]<br /> | years = 2016–2021<br /> | after = [[Suvendu Adhikari]]<br /> }}<br /> {{s-par|in-la}}<br /> {{IN Assembly succession box<br /> | state= WB<br /> | constituency= Champdani<br /> | before= [[Sunil Sarkar]]<br /> | after= [[Jibesh Chakrabarty]]<br /> | years= [[1991 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1991]] – [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]}}<br /> {{IN Assembly succession box<br /> | state= WB<br /> | constituency= Champdani<br /> | before= [[Muzaffar Khan]] <br /> | after= [[Arindam Guin]]<br /> | years= [[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]] – [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]}}<br /> {{s-end}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Mannan, Abdul}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1991–1996]]<br /> [[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from West Bengal]]<br /> [[Category:1952 births]]<br /> [[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1996–2001]]<br /> [[Category:West Bengal MLAs 2001–2006]]<br /> [[Category:West Bengal MLAs 2016–2021]]<br /> [[Category:Leaders of the opposition in West Bengal]]<br /> [[Category:Politicians from Hooghly district]]<br /> <br /> {{WestBengal-INC-politician-stub}}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bombay_Presidency&diff=450938 2026-03-14T11:52:15Z

<p>Igorcaf: Revised and enhanced article content</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Province in India (1668–1947)}}<br /> {{More citations needed|date=July 2010}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}<br /> {{Infobox former country<br /> | native_name = <br /> | conventional_long_name = Presidency of Bombay&lt;br&gt;{{small|{{nobold|1662–1937}}}}&lt;hr&gt;Province of Bombay&lt;br&gt;{{small|{{nobold|1937–1950}}}}<br /> | national_anthem = &quot;[[God Save the King|God Save the King/Queen]]&quot; &lt;div style=&quot;display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;&quot;&gt;[[File:God Save the King Historical National Anthem of Great Britain(1914).ogg]]&lt;/div&gt;<br /> | common_name = Bombay Presidency<br /> | era = New Imperialism<br /> | year_start = 1662<br /> | date_start = <br /> | event_start = Ceded by the Portuguese<br /> | year_end = 1950<br /> | date_end = <br /> | event_end = Bombay Province becomes [[Bombay State]]<br /> | event1 = [[Regulating Act 1773]]<br /> | date_event1 = 1773<br /> | event2 = [[Government of India Act 1858]]<br /> | date_event2 = 1858<br /> | event3 = Scindia ceded [[Panchmahal district|Panchmahal]] to British<br /> | date_event3 = 1861<br /> | event4 = [[Uttar Kannada|North Canara]] transferred from Madras<br /> | date_event4 = 1862<br /> | event5 = Separation of Aden<br /> | date_event5 = 1932<br /> | event6 = Separation of Sind<br /> | date_event6 = 1936<br /> | event7 = [[Independence of India]]<br /> | date_event7 = 1947<br /> | p1 = Portuguese India<br /> | s1 = Bombay State<br /> | flag_p1 = <br /> | flag_s1 = Flag of India.svg<br /> | s2 = Sind Province (1936–55)<br /> | flag_s2 = British Raj Red Ensign.svg<br /> | s3 = Aden Colony<br /> | flag_s3 = Flag of Aden (1937–1963).svg<br /> | flag_type = [[Flags#Other flags#Flag of Bombay Presidency|Flag]]<br /> | image_coat = Badge of Bombay Presidency.svg<br /> |symbol_type = Badge<br /> | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:Bombay Presidency in the Indian Empire 1912.png |upright=1.15|frameless]]|The Bombay Presidency within India in 1912|[[File:Bombay Presidency in the Indian Empire 1942.png|upright=1.15|frameless]]|The Bombay Province in India in 1942 after formation of the Sind Province, States of Western India and Deccan States Agency|default=1}}<br /> | image_map2 = {{box|type=transparent|[[File:Bombay Prov north 1909.jpg|200px]]{{nbsp|3}}[[File:Bombay Prov south 1909.jpg|135px]]}}<br /> | image_map2_caption = Northern and southern sections of the Bombay Presidency in 1909<br /> | image_map3 = <br /> | stat_area1 = <br /> | stat_year1 = <br /> | stat_pop1 = <br /> | footnotes = {{EB1911|wstitle=Bombay Presidency}}<br /> | demonym = <br /> | capital = [[Bombay]]<br /> | area_km2 = <br /> | area_rank = <br /> | GDP_PPP = <br /> | GDP_PPP_year = <br /> | HDI = <br /> | HDI_year = <br /> | today = <br /> | p2 = Maratha Empire<br /> | p3 = Sind State<br /> | flag_p4 = Flag of the Sultanate of Lahej.svg<br /> | p4 = Sultanate of Lahej<br /> | title_representative = [[List of governors of Bombay Presidency|Governor]]<br /> | representative1 = [[Abraham Shipman]]<br /> | year_representative1 = 1662–1664 (first)<br /> | year_representative2 = 1943–1947 (last)<br /> | representative2 = [[John Colville, 1st Baron Clydesmuir|Sir John Colville]]<br /> | title_deputy = [[Premier]]<br /> | deputy1 = [[B. G. Kher]]<br /> | deputy2 = {{small|Governor's rule}}<br /> | deputy3 = [[B. G. Kher]]<br /> | year_deputy1 = 1937–1939 (first)<br /> | year_deputy2 = 1939–1946<br /> | year_deputy3 = 1946–1950 (last)<br /> }}<br /> {{Colonial India}}<br /> <br /> The '''Bombay Presidency''', officially called the '''Presidency of Bombay''' until 1937, later the '''Bombay Province''', also called '''Bombay and Sind''' (1843–1936), was an [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|administrative subdivision (province)]] of [[British Raj|British India]], with its capital in the city that came up over the [[seven islands of Bombay]]. The first [[mainland]] territory was acquired in the [[Konkan region]] with the [[Treaty of Bassein (1802)|Treaty of Bassein]]. [[Poona]] was the [[summer capital]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8hhXq7hpzSwC&amp;dq=poona+summer+capital+of+Bombay&amp;pg=PA46 |title='Photos of the Gods': The Printed Image and Political Struggle in India |first=Christopher |last=Pinney |date=22 November 2004 |publisher=Reaktion Books |isbn=9781861891846 |via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Bombay Province has its beginnings in the city of Bombay that was leased in [[fee tail]] to the [[East India Company]], via the [[Royal Charter of 27 March 1668]] by King [[Charles II of England]], who had in turn acquired Bombay on 11 May 1661, through the [[dowry of Catherine De Braganza|dowry]] by way of his marriage treaty with princess [[Catherine De Braganza]], daughter of [[John IV of Portugal]]. The English East India Company transferred its Western India headquarters from Surat in the [[Gulf of Cambay]] after it was [[Sack of Surat|sacked]], to the relatively safe [[Bombay Harbour]] in 1687. The province was brought under [[Direct rule in India|direct rule]] along with other parts of British India through [[Pitt's India Act]], after the [[nationalisation]] of the East India Company. Major territorial acquisitions were made by the company after [[Third Anglo-Maratha War|Anglo-Maratha Wars]] when the whole of the [[Peshwa]]'s dominions and much of the [[Gaekwad]]'s sphere of influence were annexed to the Bombay Presidency in stages up until 1818. [[Aden Protectorate|Aden]] including [[Socotra]] were placed under Bombay in 1839, [[Sind]] was annexed by the company in 1843 after defeating the [[Talpur]] dynasty in the [[Battle of Hyderabad]].<br /> <br /> At its greatest extent, the Bombay Province comprised the present-day state of [[Gujarat]], the western two-thirds of [[Maharashtra]] state, including the divisions of [[Konkan Division|Konkan]], [[Desh, Maharashtra|Desh]] &amp; [[Kandesh]], and also the northwestern region of [[Karnataka]]; it also included [[Pakistan]]'s [[Sindh Province]] (1847–1935) and [[Aden Province|Aden]] of present-day [[Yemen]] (1839–1932).&lt;ref name=&quot;DuPont2001&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Jerry DuPont | title=The Common Law Abroad: Constitutional and Legal Legacy of the British Empire | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pCX660FA5wMC&amp;pg=PA563 | access-date=15 September 2012 | year=2001 | publisher=Wm. S. Hein Publishing | isbn=978-0-8377-3125-4 | page=563}}&lt;/ref&gt; The districts and provinces of the presidency were directly under British rule, while the internal administration of the native or [[princely states]] was in the hands of local rulers. The presidency, however, managed the defence of princely states and British relations with them through [[Agencies of British India|political agencies]]. The Bombay Presidency along with the [[Bengal Presidency]] and [[Madras Presidency]] were the three major centres of British power in [[South Asia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Bulliet&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Bulliet|first1=Richard W.|last2=Bulliet|first2=Richard|last3=Crossley|first3=Pamela Kyle |author4=Daniel R. Headrick |author5=Steven W. Hirsch |author6=Lyman L. Johnson |author7=David Northrup|title=The Earth and Its Peoples: A Global History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h9AfbGTT_q0C&amp;pg=PA694|access-date=16 April 2012|date=1 January 2010|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-4390-8475-5|page=694}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Origins==<br /> ===Early history===<br /> [[File:Bombay Presidency rupee.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Silver rupee of the Bombay Presidency, in the name of the Mughal emperor [[Muhammad Shah]] (ruled 1719–48), minted at Bombay in {{Circa|1731}}. Most of the gold and silver coinages of the Presidencies were in the Mughal style.]]<br /> <br /> The first [[English overseas possessions|English settlement]] in the Presidency known as [[Western Presidency]] was begun in 1618 at [[Surat]] in present-day [[Gujarat]], when the [[East India Company]] established a [[Factory (trading post)|factory]], protected by a charter obtained from the [[Mughal emperor]] [[Jahangir]]. In 1626 the Dutch and the English made an unsuccessful attempt to gain possession of the island of [[Bombay]] in the coastal [[Konkan]] region from [[Portugal]], and in 1653 proposals were suggested for its purchase from the Portuguese. In 1661 Bombay was ceded to the [[Kingdom of England]] as part of the dowry of the ''[[infanta]]'' [[Catherine of Braganza]] on her marriage to [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]]. So lightly was the acquisition esteemed in England, and so unsuccessful was the administration of the crown officers, that in 1668 Bombay was transferred to the East India Company for an annual payment of £10, and the company established a factory there. At the time of the transfer, powers for the island's defence and for the administration of justice were also conferred on the company; a European regiment{{ref|1|1}} was enrolled; and fortifications were erected which in 1673 proved sufficient to deter the Dutch from an intended attack. As English trade in Bombay increased, Surat (which had been sacked by [[Shivaji]] in 1670) began its relative decline. In 1687, Bombay was made the headquarters of all the [[East India Company]]'s possessions in India. However, in 1753 the governor of Bombay became subordinate to that of [[Calcutta]].<br /> <br /> ===Territorial expansion===<br /> During the 18th century, the [[Maratha Empire]] expanded rapidly, claiming [[Konkan]] and much of eastern [[Gujarat]] from the disintegrating [[Mughal Empire]]. In western [[Gujarat]], including [[Kathiawar]] and [[Kutch]], the loosening of Mughal control allowed numerous local rulers to create virtually independent states. The first conflict between the British and the [[Marathas]] was the [[First Anglo-Maratha War]] which began in 1774 and resulted in the 1782 [[Treaty of Salbai]], by which the island of [[Salsette]], adjacent to Bombay island, was ceded to the British, while [[Bharuch]] was ceded to the [[Maratha]] ruler [[Scindia]]. The British annexed Surat in 1800. British territory was enlarged in the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]] which ended in 1803. The East India Company received the districts of [[Bharuch]], [[Kaira district|Kaira]], etc., and the [[Maratha]] [[Gaekwad]] rulers of [[Baroda State|Baroda]] acknowledged British sovereignty.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> [[File:Bombay, Berar, Aden (1893).jpg|thumb|280px|1893 map of the Bombay Presidency including [[Aden Province]] and [[Socotra]].]]<br /> <br /> ===Expansion===<br /> In 1803, the Bombay Presidency included only [[Salsette Island|Salsette]], the islands of the harbour (since 1774), [[Surat]] and [[Bankot]] (since 1756); but between this date and 1827 the framework of the presidency took shape. The Gujarat districts were taken over by the Bombay government in 1805 and enlarged in 1818. [[Baji Rao II]], the last of the [[peshwa]]s, who had attempted to shake off the British yoke, was defeated in the [[Battle of Khadki]], captured subsequently and pensioned ([[treaty of Poona|1817]]/1818), and large portions of his dominions ([[Pune]], [[Ahmednagar]], [[Nasik]], [[Solapur]], [[Belgaum]], Kaladgi, [[Dharwad]], etc.) were included in the Presidency, the settlement of which was completed by [[Mountstuart Elphinstone]], governor from 1819 to 1827. His policy was to rule as far as possible on native lines, avoiding all changes for which the population was not yet ripe; but the grosser abuses of the old regime were stopped, the country was pacified, the laws were codified, and courts and schools were established.<br /> <br /> [[File:1 Pice copper coin of the Bombay Presidency.jpg|thumb|150px|1 Pice (1/64 Rupee) copper coin of the Bombay Presidency from 1821, with the United East India Company bale mark.]]<br /> The period that followed is notable mainly for the enlargement of the Presidency through the lapse of certain native states, by the addition of [[Aden Province|Aden]] (1839) and [[Sindh]] (1843), and the lease of the [[Panchmahal district|Panch Mahals]] from [[Scindia]] (1853). In 1862, North Canara was transferred from Madras Presidency to Bombay while South Canara remained with Madras.<br /> <br /> === Victorian era ===<br /> {{See also|British Raj}}<br /> In 1859, under the terms of the Queen's Proclamation issued by [[Queen Victoria]], the Bombay Presidency, along with the rest of British India, came under the direct rule of the British Crown.&lt;ref name=&quot;victoriap221&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=Queen Victoria: A Personal History|page=221|first=Christopher|last= Hibbert|author-link=Christopher Hibbert|year=2000|publisher=Harper Collins|isbn=0-00-638843-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Henry Bartle Frere]] (1862–1867) was the first Governor appointed by the Crown. The [[Governor's Council]] was reformed and expanded under the [[Indian Councils Act 1861]], the [[Indian Councils Act 1892]], the [[Indian Councils Act 1909]], the [[Government of India Act 1919]] and the [[Government of India Act 1935]].<br /> <br /> The establishment of an orderly administration, one outcome of which was a general fall of prices that made the unwonted regularity of the collection of taxes doubly unwelcome, naturally excited a certain amount of misgiving and resentment; but on the whole the population was prosperous and contented, and under Lord Elphinstone (1853–1860) the presidency passed through the crisis of the [[Revolt of 1857]] without any general rising. Outbreaks among the troops at [[Karachi]], [[Ahmedabad]] and [[Kolhapur]] were quickly put down, two regiments being disbanded, and the rebellions in [[Gujarat]], among the [[Bhil]]s, and in the southern [[Maratha]] country were local and isolated. Under Sir [[Bartle Frere]] agricultural prosperity reached its highest point, as a result of the [[American Civil War]] and the consequent enormous demand for Indian cotton in Europe. The money thus poured into the country produced an epidemic of speculation known as the Share Mania (1864–1865), which ended in a commercial crisis and the failure of the [[Bank of Bombay]] (1866). But the peasantry gained on the whole more than they lost, and the trade of Bombay was not permanently injured. Sir Bartle Frere encouraged the completion of the great trunk lines of [[Indian Railways|railways]], and with the funds obtained by the demolition of the town walls (1862) he began the magnificent series of public buildings that now adorn Bombay ([[Mumbai]]).<br /> <br /> During this period, parts of Bombay presidency were devastated by two great famines: [[Great Famine of 1876–78]] and the [[Indian famine of 1896–97]].&lt;ref name=&quot;famine&quot;&gt;[[#Romesh Chunder Dutt|Romesh Chunder Dutt]], p10&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Dyarchy (1920–37)===<br /> {{main|Diarchy in Bombay Presidency}}<br /> British India's [[Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms]] of 1919, enacted in 1921, expanded the Legislative Council to include more elected Indian members, and introduced the principle of [[dyarchy]], whereby certain responsibilities, including agriculture, health, education, and local government, were transferred to elected ministers. However, the important portfolios like finance, police and irrigation were reserved with members of the Governor's Executive Council. Some of the prominent Indian members of the Executive Council were [[Chimanlal Harilal Setalvad]], [[R. P. Paranjpye]], [[Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah]], [[Ali Muhammad Khan Dehlavi]], [[Rafiuddin Ahmed]], [[Siddappa Totappa Kambli]], [[Shah Nawaz Bhutto]] and [[Sir Cowasji Jehangir, 2nd Baronet|Sir Cowasji Jehangir]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Srinivasan|first=Ramona|title=The Concept of Dyarchy|year=1992|publisher=NIB Publishers|page=86|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CvaNAAAAMAAJ|isbn=9788185538006}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1932, [[Chief Commissioner's Province of Aden|Aden]] was separated from Bombay and made a separate province, and Sindh became a separate province on 1 April 1936.<br /> <br /> ===Provincial Autonomy===<br /> <br /> {{See also|1937 Bombay Presidency elections}}<br /> <br /> [[File:1951 Bombay Province Rs 2500 Hundi.jpg|thumb|A 1951 [[hundi]] from Bombay]]<br /> <br /> The [[Government of India Act 1935]] made the Bombay Presidency into a regular province, and made Sind a separate province, with relations with the princely state of [[Khairpur, Pakistan|Khairpur]] managed by Sindh. It enlarged the elected provincial legislature and expanded provincial autonomy ''vis a vis'' the central government. In the [[1937 Bombay Presidency elections|1937 elections]], the [[Indian National Congress]] won the elections in Bombay but declined to form the government. The Governor [[George Lloyd, 1st Baron Lloyd|Sir George Lloyd]] invited Sir [[Dhanjishah Cooper]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Srinivasan|first=Ramona|title=The Concept of Diarchy|year=1992|publisher=NIB Publishers|page=315|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CvaNAAAAMAAJ|isbn=9788185538006}}&lt;/ref&gt; to form an interim ministry which was joined by [[Jamnadas Mehta]] of the Lokashahi Swarajya Paksha ([[Democratic Swarajya Party]]), Sir [[Siddappa T. Kambli]] of the Non-Brahmin Party and [[Hoosenally Rahimtoola]] of the Muslim League.&lt;ref name=&quot;TOIWho&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Reed|first=Stanley|title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who|year=1937|publisher=Bennett, Coleman &amp; Company|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yagSAAAAIAAJ}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.savarkar.org/en/social-reforms/q Social reforms] savarkar.org {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140928021238/http://www.savarkar.org/en/social-reforms/q |archive-date=28 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=The Bombay Ministers|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&amp;dat=19370329&amp;printsec=frontpage&amp;hl=en|access-date=9 October 2013|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=31 March 1937}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=New Ministries for Other Provinces|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&amp;dat=19370329&amp;printsec=frontpage&amp;hl=en|access-date=9 October 2013|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=2 April 1937}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Minister<br /> !Portfolio<br /> |-<br /> |[[Dhanjishah Cooper]]<br /> |Chief Minister, Home &amp; General<br /> |-<br /> |[[Jamnadas Mehta]]<br /> |Revenue &amp; Finance<br /> |-<br /> |Sir [[Siddappa Kambli]]<br /> |Education, Excise &amp; Agriculture<br /> |-<br /> |[[Hoosenaly Rahimtoola]]<br /> |Local Self-government<br /> |}<br /> <br /> The Cooper ministry did not last long and a Congress ministry under [[B. G. Kher]] was sworn in.<br /> <br /> Council of Ministers in Kher's Cabinet:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Kamat|first=M. V.|title=B.G. Kher, the gentleman premier|year=1989|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|page=251|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-EtAAAAAMAAJ}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Indian Annual Register, Volume 1|year=1939|publisher=Annual Register Office|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=esgZAAAAMAAJ}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !|Minister<br /> !|Portfolio<br /> |-<br /> |[[B. G. Kher]]<br /> |Premier, Political &amp; Services, Education and Labour<br /> |-<br /> |[[K. M. Munshi]]<br /> |Home &amp; Legal<br /> |-<br /> |[[Anna Babaji Latthe]]<br /> |Finance<br /> |-<br /> |[[Morarji Desai]]<br /> |Revenue, Agriculture, Forests and Cooperatives<br /> |-<br /> |[[Manchersha Dhanjibhoy Gilder]]<br /> |Public Health and Excise&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | url=http://www.kamat.com/database/biographies/m_d_gilder.htm |title = Kamat Research Database – M.D. Gilder}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |[[Mahmad Yasin Nurie]]<br /> |Public Works&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web | url=http://www.kamat.com/database/biographies/n_y_nurie.htm |title = Kamat Research Database – N.Y. Nurie}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |[[Laxman Madhav Patil]]<br /> |Industries and Local Self-Government<br /> |}<br /> <br /> In 1939, all of the Congress ministries in the British Indian provinces resigned and Bombay was placed under the [[Governor's rule]].<br /> <br /> === Last days of British rule ===<br /> After the end of [[World War II]], the Indian National Congress re-entered politics and won the [[1946 Indian provincial elections|1946 election]] under the leadership of Kher who was again elected as Chief Minister. The Bombay Presidency became [[Bombay State]] when [[Indian Independence Act 1947|India was granted independence]] on 15 August 1947 and Kher continued as the Chief Minister of the state, serving until 1952.<br /> <br /> === After independence ===<br /> In 1947, Bombay Province became part of the [[Dominion of India]]. When provinces were replaced with states when the [[Constitution of India]] came into force on 26 January 1950, the day India became the first [[republic in the Commonwealth of Nations]], Bombay Province became [[Bombay State]], a Part-A state.<br /> <br /> ==Geography==<br /> [[File:British Indian Empire 1909 Imperial Gazetteer of India.jpg|thumb|300px|1909 map of the British Indian Empire, showing British India in two shades of pink and the princely states in yellow]]<br /> The Bombay Presidency was bounded on the north by [[Baluchistan (Chief Commissioners Province)|Baluchistan]], the [[Punjab region|Punjab]] and [[Rajputana]]; on the east by [[Indore]], the [[Central Provinces]] and [[Hyderabad state|Hyderabad]]; on the south by [[Madras Presidency]] and the [[Kingdom of Mysore]]; and on the west by the [[Arabian Sea]]. Within these limits were the Portuguese settlements of [[Goa]], [[Daman and Diu]], and the native state of [[Baroda State|Baroda]] which has direct relations with the government of India; while politically Bombay included the territory of Aden, in present-day [[Yemen]]. The total area, including Sind but excluding Aden, was {{convert|188745|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}}, of which {{convert|122984|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} were under British and 65,761 under native rule. The total population was 25,468,209 in 1901, of which 18,515,587 were resident in [[British territory]] and 6,908,648 in native states.<br /> <br /> ==Demographics==<br /> {{unreferenced section|date=October 2021}}<br /> The Bombay Presidency had a large and diverse population. The census of 1901 gave a total of 25,468,209. By religion the population was 19,916,438 [[Hindu]], 4,567,295 Muslim, 535,950 [[Jain]], 78,552 [[Parsi]] and [[Irani (India)|Irani]] Zoroastrians, and approximately 200,000 Christians. A significant number of [[Bene Israel]]i and [[Paradesi Jews]] were also present, most of them emigrated in 1948 after the [[Partition of Palestine]] and the establishment of the [[Jewish homeland]] ([[Mandate for Palestine|British mandate of Palestine]]) in Israel.<br /> <br /> In [[Sindh]], Islam had been the predominant religion after the [[Caliphate]] of [[Sunni Arab]] origins conquered it the 8th century. In Gujarat the predominant religion remained Hinduism, although the [[Sultanate of Guzerat]] has left its influence and imprints in northern parts of the province. The Deccan region is the home of [[Marathi language|Marathi]]s, who constituted 30% of the population. The [[Konkan region]] was home to various [[Konkani people|Konkani]] Christian minorities and communities since the 16th century, due to the colonial era of the [[Portuguese in Goa and Bombay-Bassein]]. While in the [[Belgaum]] area of the [[Carnatic region]], [[Lingayat]]is dating to the 12th century, was accepted by nearly 45% of the population. The [[Marathas]] were the predominant [[caste]] numbering 3,650,000 (1901), 1,900,000 [[Kunbis]] and other 350,000 [[Konkanis]], and another 1,400,000 Marathas not specified.<br /> <br /> The chief languages of the province were [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] in Sindh, [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] in northern division, [[Marathi language|Marathi]] in [[Konkan]] and the central division, Gujarati and Marathi in [[Baroda, Western India and Gujarat States Agency]], and Marathi and [[Canarese]] in the southern division. There were also [[Bhil]] (120,000) and [[Romani people|Gipsy]] (30,000) dialects.<br /> <br /> ==Administration==<br /> [[File:BombayFromRajabaiTower.jpg|thumb|right|View of Bombay from Rajabai Tower, c. 1905]]<br /> <br /> The Presidency was divided into five Commisserates and thirty-two districts with [[Bombay]] city as the capital. The five divisions were northwestern or [[Sind Division ]], the northern or [[Gujarat|Gujarat Division ]], the western or [[Konkan|Konkan Division]], the central or [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan Division]] and the southern or [[the Carnatic|Carnatic Division ]]. In 1936 [[Sind Division]] become a separated province .<br /> &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/odnb/9780192683120.013.8418 |title=Eastwick, Edward Backhouse (1814–1883) |date=2017-11-28 |publisher=Oxford University Press |series=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|doi=10.1093/odnb/9780192683120.013.8418 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;margin:auto;&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#9cf;&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;| Division<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#9cf;&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;| Divisional Headquarters<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#9cf;&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;|Districts<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#9cf;&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;| Princely states<br /> |-<br /> | [[Sind Division]]<br /> | [[Karachi District (Sind)|Karachi]]<br /> | [[Dadu District|Dadu]],[[Hyderabad District, Sindh|Hyderabad]], [[Karachi District|Karachi]],[[Nawabshah District|Nawabshah]], [[Larkana District|Larkana]], [[Sukkur District|Sukkur]], [[Thar and Parkar]], [[Upper Sind Frontier]]<br /> | [[Khairpur (princely state)|Khairpur]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[Gujarat|Gujarat Division ]]<br /> |[[ Ahmedabad]]<br /> | [[Ahmedabad District|Ahmedabad]], [[Bharuch District|Bharuch]], [[The Dangs]], [[Kaira District|Kaira]], [[Panchmahal district|Panch Mahals]], [[Surat District|Surat]]<br /> | Princely states of the [[Baroda and Gujarat States Agency]] and the [[Western India States Agency]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[Konkan|Konkan Division]]<br /> | [[Bombay]]<br /> | [[Mumbai City District|Bombay City]], [[Mumbai Suburban District|Bombay Suburban ]], [[Colaba District|Colaba]], [[Ratnagiri District|Ratnagiri]], [[Thane district|Thana]]<br /> | [[Deccan States Agency]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[Deccan Plateau|Deccan Division]]<br /> | [[Poona]]<br /> | [[Ahmednagar district|Ahmednagar]], [[East Khandesh]], [[Nashik District|Nasik]], [[Pune district|Poona]], [[Satara District|Satara]], [[Sholapur District|Sholapur]], [[West Khandesh]]<br /> | [[Deccan States Agency]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[the Carnatic|Carnatic Division ]]<br /> | [[Dharwad]]<br /> | [[Belgaum District|Belgaum]], [[Bijapur district, Karnataka|Bijapur]], [[Dharwad District|Dharwad]], [[North Kanara]]<br /> | <br /> |}<br /> After separation of Sind Province, Bombay presidency have twenty-four districts under four divisions were the western or [[Konkan]], the northern or [[Gujarat]], the central or [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]] and the southern or [[the Carnatic|Carnatic]].<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;margin:auto;&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#9cf;&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;| Division<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#9cf;&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;| Divisional Headquarters<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#9cf;&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;|Districts<br /> ! style=&quot;background:#9cf;&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot;| Princely states<br /> |-<br /> | [[Gujarat|Gujarat Division ]]<br /> | [[Ahmedabad]]<br /> | [[Ahmedabad District|Ahmedabad]], [[Bharuch District|Bharuch]], [[The Dangs]], [[Kaira District|Kaira]], [[Panchmahal district|Panch Mahals]], [[Surat District|Surat]]<br /> | Princely states of the [[Baroda and Gujarat States Agency]] and the [[Western India States Agency]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[Konkan|Konkan Division]]<br /> | [[Bombay]]<br /> | [[Mumbai City District|Bombay City]], [[Mumbai Suburban District|Bombay Suburban ]], [[Colaba District|Colaba]], [[Ratnagiri District|Ratnagiri]], [[Thane district|Thana]]<br /> | [[Deccan States Agency]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan Division]]<br /> | [[Poona]]<br /> | [[Ahmednagar district|Ahmednagar]], [[East Khandesh]], [[Nashik District|Nasik]], [[Pune district|Poona]], [[Satara District|Satara]], [[Sholapur District|Sholapur]], [[West Khandesh]]<br /> | [[Deccan States Agency]]<br /> |-<br /> | [[the Carnatic|Carnatic Division ]]<br /> | [[Dharwad]]<br /> | [[Belgaum District|Belgaum]], [[Bijapur district, Karnataka|Bijapur]], [[Dharwad District|Dharwad]], [[North Kanara]]<br /> | <br /> |}<br /> <br /> The government of Bombay was administered by a [[Governor|Governor-in-Council]], consisting of the [[List of Governors of Bombay|Governor]] as president and two ordinary members. The Governor was appointed by the [[British Crown]] on the advice of the [[Secretary of State for India]]. The members of his council were appointed from the [[Indian Civil Service]]. For making laws there was a legislative council, consisting of the Governor and his executive council, with certain other persons, not fewer than eight or more than twenty, at least half of them being non-officials. Each of the members of the executive council had in his charge one or two departments of the government; and each department had a secretary, an [[under-secretary]], and an [[assistant secretary]], with a numerous staff of clerks. The administration of justice throughout the Presidency was conducted by a High Court at Bombay, consisting of a chief justice and seven puisne judges, along with district and assistant judges throughout the districts of the Presidency.<br /> <br /> Each of the four divisions were administered by a senior Indian Civil Service (ICS) officer of the rank of Commissioner while the districts were each administered by a District Collector (officially styled, Deputy Commissioner). The districts were further divided into sub-divisions each under the charge of a Deputy Collector or Assistant Collector, each sub-division comprising a few [[taluk]]s or [[tehsil]]s each administered by a [[tahsildar]].<br /> <br /> ==Military==<br /> The [[Honourable East India Company|East India Company]] had raised armies in each of the Presidencies, Bombay, [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]] and [[Madras Presidency|Madras]]. The [[Bombay Army]] consisted of a number of infantry regiments, sapper and miner units and irregular cavalry. A number of these continue to exist today in the [[Indian Army]]; examples being the [[Mahar Regiment]], [[Maratha Light Infantry]] and the [[Grenadiers]], amongst others, in the case of infantry, the [[Bombay Sappers]] as engineers and the [[Poona Horse]] amongst the cavalry.<br /> <br /> Under [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]]'s re-arrangement of the [[Indian army]] in 1904 the old Bombay command was abolished and its place was taken by the Western army corps under a [[lieutenant-general]]. The army corps was divided into three divisions under major-generals. The 4th (Quetta) Division, with headquarters at [[Quetta]], comprised the troops in the Quetta and Sind districts. The 5th division, with headquarters at [[Mhow]], consisted of three brigades, located at [[Nasirabad, Ajmer|Nasirabad]], [[Jabalpur]] and [[Jhansi]], and included the previous Mhow, Deesa, [[Nagpur]], [[Narmada District|Narmada]] and [[Bundelkhand]] districts, with the Bombay district north of the [[Tapti River|Tapti]]. The 6th division, with headquarters at Pune, consisted of three brigades, located at Bombay, Ahmednagar and Aden. It comprised the previous Poona district, Bombay district south of the Tapti, [[Belgaum]] district north of the [[Tungabhadra]], and [[Dharwar]] and Aurangabad districts.<br /> <br /> ==Agriculture==<br /> The overwhelming majority of the population of the Bombay Presidency was rural and engaged in agriculture. The staple crops were [[Sorghum]] (''jowar''), and [[Pearl millet]] (''bajra'') in the Deccan and Khandesh. Rice was the chief product of the Konkan. Wheat, generally grown in the northern part of the Presidency, but specially in Sind and Gujarat, was exported to Europe in large quantities from Karachi, and on a smaller scale from Bombay. [[Barley]] was principally grown in the northern parts of the presidency. [[Finger millet]] (''Nachani'') and [[Kodra grain|kodra]] furnished food to the [[Kolis]], Bhils, Waralis, and other hill tribes. Of the [[pulse (legume)|pulse]]s the most important are the [[chickpea]] or Bengal gram (''Cicer arietinum''), [[pigeon pea]] or tur (''Cajanus cajan''), [[catjang]] or kulti (''Vigna unguiculata cylindrica''), and [[urad (bean)|urad bean]] (''Vigna mungo''). Principal oilseeds were [[sesame]] or til (''Sesamum indicum''), [[Mustard plant|mustard]], [[castor bean]], [[safflower]] and [[linseed]]. Of fibres the most important were cotton, Deccan [[hemp]] (''Hibiscus cannabinus''), and sunn or tag (''Crotalaria juncea''). Much was done to improve the cotton of the presidency. American varieties were introduced with much advantage in the Dharwad collectorate and other parts of the southern Maratha country. In Khandesh the indigenous plant from which one of the lowest classes of cotton in the Bombay market takes its name has been almost entirely superseded by the superior Hinganghat variety. Miscellaneous crops: [[sugarcane]], requiring a rich soil and a perennial water-supply, and only grown in favoured localities, [[chile pepper]]s, potatoes, [[turmeric]] and tobacco.<br /> <br /> ==Industry==<br /> The chief industries of Bombay Presidency involved the milling of cotton. In the late 19th century steam mills sprang up in Bombay, [[Ahmedabad]] and [[Khandesh]]. In 1905 there were 432 factories in the presidency, of which by far the greater number were engaged in the preparation and manufacture of cotton. The industry is centred in Bombay, which contains nearly two-thirds of the mills. During the decade 1891–1901 the mill industry passed through a period of depression due to widespread plague and famine, but on the whole there was a marked expansion of the trade as well as a great improvement in the class of goods produced. In addition to the mills there were (1901) 178,000 hand-loom weavers in the province, who still have a position of their own in the manipulation of designs woven into the cloth. Silk goods were manufactured in [[Ahmedabad]], [[Surat]], [[Yeola]], [[Nasik]], [[Thane|Thana]] and [[Bombay]], the material decorated with printed or woven designs; competition from European goods caused the silk industry to decline in the early 20th century. The custom of investing savings in gold and silver ornaments gave employment to many goldsmiths: the metal was usually supplied by the customer, and the goldsmith charged for his labour. [[Ahmedabad]] and [[Surat]] are famous for their carved woodwork. Many of the houses in [[Ahmedabad]] are covered with elaborate wood-carving, and excellent examples exist in [[Bharuch|Broach]], [[Baroda]], [[Surat]], [[Nasik]] and [[Yeola]]. Salt was made in large quantities in the government works at Kharaghoda and Udu in [[Ahmedabad]], and was exported by rail to [[Gujarat]] and [[central India]]. There was one brewery at Dapuri near [[Pune]].<br /> <br /> ==Transportation==<br /> [[File:Victoria Terminus GIP Rail.jpg|thumb|right|Victoria Terminus Railway Station, c. 1905]]<br /> The Province was well supplied with railways, all of which, with one exception, concentrated at [[Bombay City]]. The exception is the North-Western line, which enters Sind from the [[Punjab region|Punjab]] and terminated at Karachi. The other chief lines are the Great Indian Peninsula, Indian Midland, Bombay, Baroda &amp; Central India, and the [[Rajputana]], [[Malwa]] &amp; Southern Mahratta systems. In 1905 the total length of railway under the Bombay government open for traffic was {{convert|7980|mi|km}}, which did not include the railway system in [[Sindh]].<br /> <br /> ==Education==<br /> [[File:Bombay University Hall Rajabai Tower.jpg|thumb|left| University Hall and Rajabai Tower, ca 1905]]<br /> The [[University of Bombay]] was established in 1857,&lt;ref name=&quot;Tikekar&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Tikekar|first1=Aroon|last2=Ṭikekara|first2=Aruṇa|author3=University of Mumbai|title=The Cloister's Pale: A Biography of the University of Mumbai|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dz9wl5vvKCAC&amp;pg=PA6|access-date=16 April 2012|date=1 January 2006|publisher=Popular Prakashan|isbn=978-81-7991-293-5|page=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; and had an administration consisting of a chancellor, vice-chancellor and fellows.&lt;ref name=&quot;1869-70&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=The Bombay University Calendar for the year 1869–70.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZuQNAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PA41|access-date=16 April 2012|year=1869|page=41|last1 = Bombay City|first1 = Univ}}&lt;/ref&gt; The governor of Bombay was ex-officio chancellor.&lt;ref name=&quot;DeptIndia1854&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author1=Great Britain. India Office. Educational Dept|author2=India|title=East India (education): bound collection of parliamentary papers dealing with education in India from 1854 to 1866.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=enQIAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PA166|access-date=16 April 2012|year=1854|publisher=s.n.|page=166}}&lt;/ref&gt; The education department was under a director of public instruction, who was responsible for the administration of the department in accordance with the general educational policy of the state. The native states generally adopted the government system. Baroda and the Kathiawar states employed their own inspectors. In 1905 the total number of educational institutions was 10,194 with 593,431 pupils. There were ten art colleges, of which two were managed by government, three by native states, and five were under private management. It was in the year 1913 that the first college of commerce in Asia, [[Sydenham College]], was established.&lt;ref name=&quot;Singh2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Singh|first=A. Rajmani|title=Commerce Education in North-East India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HFgJv1sVH38C&amp;pg=PA100|access-date=16 April 2012|year=2010|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-8324-349-0|page=100}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sind Medical School, medical school in [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad, Sind]] was established in 1881 and was affiliated with the University of Bombay. According to the census of 1901, out of a population of 25.5 million nearly 24 million were illiterate.<br /> <br /> ==Film industry==<br /> The film production era is said to have commenced in Bombay from 1913 when the first film, ''[[Raja Harishchandra]]'' by [[Dadasaheb Phalke]] made in 1912, was first shown publicly on 3{{nbsp}}May 1913 at Mumbai's [[Coronation Cinema]],&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20090520175801/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/249829/Raja-Harishchandra/overview Overview] ''[[The New York Times]]''.&lt;/ref&gt; effectively marking the beginning of the Indian film industry. Around one year before, Ramchandra Gopal (known as [[Dadasaheb Torne]]) had filmed a stage drama called ''Pundalik'' and shown it in the same theatre. However, the credit for making the first Indian feature film is attributed to Dadasaheb Phalke.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Cybertech |url=http://www.nashik.com/halloffame/tribute/phalke.html |title=Hall of Fame : Tribute : Dadasaheb Phalke |publisher=Nashik.com |access-date=16 April 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125235059/http://nashik.com/halloffame/tribute/phalke.html |archive-date=25 January 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Other producers at Bombay during the presidency era were [[Sohrab Modi]], [[Himanshu Rai]], [[V. Shantaram]], [[Shashadhar Mukherjee]], and [[Ardeshir Irani]].&lt;ref&gt;Bawden, L.-A., ed. (1976) ''The Oxford Companion to Film''. London: Oxford University Press; p. 350&lt;/ref&gt; Ever since production of films took place, there started the trend of film making that established and further progressed, resulting in formation of the [[film industry]] and new film production companies as well as [[studios]].<br /> <br /> ==Residencies==<br /> Outside the Presidency, numerous small states [[princely state]]s such as those of [[Kathiawar]] and [[Mahikantha]] came under British [[suzerainty]] in a system of [[subsidiary alliance]]s between 1807 and 1820.<br /> <br /> The native states eventually comprised some 353 separate units, administered internally by their own princes, with the British responsible for their external affairs. Relations between British India and the states were managed by British agents placed at the principal native capitals; their exact status varied in the different states according to the relations in which the principalities stood with the paramount power.<br /> <br /> The principal groups of states were [[North Gujarat]], comprising [[Cutch (princely state)|Kutch]], [[Kathiawar Agency]], [[Palanpur Agency]], [[Mahi Kantha Agency]], [[Ambliara]] [[Rewa Kantha Agency]] and [[Cambay]]; South Gujarat, comprising [[Dharampur state|Dharampur]], [[Bansda State|Bansda]] and [[Sachin (princely state)|Sachin]]; North Konkan, Nasik and Khandesh, of the [[Khandesh Agency]], [[Surgana]] and [[Jawhar]]; South Konkan and Dharwar, comprising [[Janjira State|Janjira]], [[Sawantwadi]] and [[Savanur]], as well as the territories under the [[Deccan States Agency]], including the Deccan Satara Jagirs, [[Ichalkaranji]], [[Sangli]] [[Akkalkot]], [[Bhor]], [[Aundh State|Aundh]], [[Phaltan]], [[Jath]] and Daphalapur, the southern Maratha states, comprising [[Kolhapur]], among other states, and [[Khairpur, Pakistan|Khairpur]] in Sindh. The native states under the &quot;supervision&quot; of the government of Bombay were divided, historically and geographically, into two main groups. The northern or Gujarat group includes the territories of the [[Gaekwad]] of [[Baroda State|Baroda]], with the smaller states which form the administrative divisions of [[Kutch]], [[Palanpur]], Rewa Kantha, and Mahi Kantha. These territories, with the exception of Kutch, have a historical connection, as being the allies or tributaries of the Gaekwad until 1805, when final engagements were included between that prince and the [[British government]]. The southern or Maratha group includes Kolhapur, Akalkot, Sawantwari, and the Satara and southern Mahratta Jagirs, and has a historical bond of union in the friendship they showed to the British in their final struggle with the power of the peshwa until 1818. The remaining territories may conveniently be divided into a small cluster of independent [[zamindar]]is, situated in the wild and hilly tracts at the northern extremity of the [[Sahyadri]] range, and certain. principalities which, from their history or geographical position, are to some extent isolated from the rest of the presidency.<br /> <br /> [[Baroda State]] (Vadodara), one of the [[residencies of British India]], was combined in the 1930s with the residencies of the [[princely states]] (agencies) of the northern Bombay Presidency to form the [[Baroda and Gujarat States Agency]] and subsequently expanded in [[Baroda, Western India and Gujarat States Agency]] in 1944.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Bombay Army]]<br /> * [[Cowaszee Nanabhoy Davar]]<br /> * [[List of governors of Bombay]]<br /> * [[Portuguese Bombay and Bassein]]<br /> * [[Advocate-General of Bombay]]<br /> * [[High Court of Bombay]]<br /> * [[Tharparkar#History|History of Tharparkar]]<br /> * [[Bengal Presidency]]<br /> * [[Madras Presidency]]<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> 1. {{note|1}}A regiment made up of European soldiers.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ;Attribution<br /> *{{EB1911|wstitle=Bombay Presidency |volume=4 |pages=185–190}}<br /> <br /> ==Bibliography==<br /> * {{cite book |title=Handbook of the Bombay Presidency: With an account of Bombay city|publisher=John Murray, London|year=1881 |url=https://archive.org/stream/handbookbombayp00eastgoog#page/n5/mode/2up }}<br /> * {{cite book |title=The Bombay University Calendar for the Year 1880-81|publisher= Thacker &amp; Co., Bombay |year= 1880|url=https://archive.org/stream/bombayuniversit00unkngoog#page/n5/mode/2up }}<br /> * {{cite book |title=Glimpses of old Bombay and western India, with other papers|author= James Douglas|publisher=Sampson Low, Marston &amp; Co., London |year=1900|url=https://archive.org/stream/glimpsesofoldbom00dougrich#page/n7/mode/2up }}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Commons category|Bombay Presidency}}<br /> *View historical, early 20th century, photographs of Bombay at the [http://digital.lib.uh.edu/cdm4/results.php?CISOOP1=exact&amp;CISOFIELD1=CISOSEARCHALL&amp;CISOROOT=/p15195coll29&amp;CISOBOX1=Bombay+%28India%29 University of Houston Digital Library]<br /> *[http://coinindia.com/galleries-bombaypresidency.html Coins of the Bombay Presidency]<br /> {{Presidencies and provinces of British India}}<br /> {{Mumbai topics}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Bombay Presidency| ]]<br /> [[Category:Presidencies of British India]]<br /> [[Category:History of Sindh]]<br /> [[Category:History of Tharparkar]]<br /> [[Category:1618 establishments in British India]]<br /> [[Category:1947 disestablishments in British India]]<br /> [[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1950]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=72_Model&diff=483665 2026-03-12T14:45:41Z

<p>Igorcaf: Put up first info w/ infobox</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|2013 Malayalam film}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = 72 Model<br /> | image = 72 Model poster.jpg<br /> | alt = <br /> | caption = DVD Cover<br /> | director = Rajasenan<br /> | writer =<br /> | producer = J. Saratchandran Nair<br /> | starring = {{Ubl|[[Govind Padmasoorya]]|[[Sreejith Vijay]]}}<br /> | cinematography = K. P. Nambiathiri<br /> | editing = <br /> | music = [[M. Jayachandran]]<br /> | studio = Chand Creations<br /> | distributor = <br /> | released = {{Film date|df=y|2013|4|26}}<br /> | runtime = <br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Malayalam<br /> | budget = <br /> | gross = <br /> }}<br /> '''''72 Model''''' is a 2013 Indian Malayalam-language drama film directed by [[Rajasenan]] and starring [[Govind Padmasoorya]] and [[Sreejith Vijay]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/rajasenan-launches-72-model-news-malayalam-mlukM7caagcsi.html|title=Rajasenan launches 72 Model|date=20 November 2012|work=[[Sify]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512070006/https://www.sify.com/movies/rajasenan-launches-72-model-news-malayalam-mlukM7caagcsi.html|archive-date=12 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film released alongside ''[[Akam (film)|Akam]]'' and ''[[August Club]]''.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130428031122/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13272.html &quot;Malayalam Friday: Govind Padmasurya's '72 Model' to battle 'August Club'&quot;]. [[IBN Live]]. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-south-six-malayalam-ilms-gear-up-for-release/20130426.htm|title=Six Malayalam films gear up for release|website=Rediff}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/im-looking-beyond-just-commercial-films-padmasoorya/articleshow/17871945.cms|title=I'm looking beyond just commercial films: Padmasoorya | newspaper=The Times of India | date=10 January 2017 | accessdate=30 August 2022 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The film's name is based on a 1972 model of an [[Hindustan Ambassador|ambassador]].&lt;ref name=a&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/malayalam/news/2013/ambassador-car-central-character-72-model-108155.html|title=Ambassador car is central character in 72 Model|date=23 April 2013|website=Filmibeat.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rajasenans-next-makes-madhu-m-jayachandran-nostalgic/articleshow/17156251.cms|title=Rajasenan's next makes Madhu, M Jayachandran nostalgic - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=10 January 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/padmasoorya-back-in-72-model/articleshow/17156630.cms|title=Padmasoorya back in '72 Model - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=10 January 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The film released to mixed reviews.<br /> <br /> == Cast ==<br /> {{cast listing|<br /> *[[Govind Padmasoorya]] as Saajan<br /> *[[Sreejith Vijay]] as Vivek<br /> *Sonia Das as Parvathy<br /> *Nazreen Nazar as Janaki<br /> *[[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]]<br /> *[[Vijayaraghavan]] as Vasutty<br /> *Bharath Chand<br /> *[[Kalabhavan Shajon]]<br /> *[[Vanitha Krishnachandran]] as Saajan's mother<br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Soundtrack ==<br /> Music for the film was composed by [[M. Jayachandran]], with lyrics penned by [[Rajeev Alunkal]] and Santhosh Varma.&lt;ref name=a/&gt; The promotional song &quot;Car Taxi&quot; was sung by [[Benny Dayal]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/72-model-team-starts-the-year-with-a-blast/articleshow/17883561.cms|title=72 Model team starts the year with a blast|work=The Times of India|date=10 January 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Reception==<br /> A critic from ''[[The Times of India]]'' wrote that &quot;Rajasenan dishes out a few moments but they lack the bold, emphatic strokes with which he once wooed viewers&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-reviews/72-model/movie-review/19765363.cms|title=72 Model Movie Review {2/5}: Critic Review of 72 Model by Times of India|work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A critic from ''Nowrunning'' gave the film a rating of one out of five stars while ''Indiaglitz'' gave the film a rating of negative four out of ten.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nowrunning.com/movie/11640/malayalam/72-model/4207/review.htm|title=72 Model Review &amp;#124; 72 Model Malayalam Movie Review by Veeyen|date=28 April 2013|website=NOWRUNNING}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/72-model-review-malayalam-movie-review-17042|title=72 Model review. 72 Model Malayalam movie review, story, rating|website=IndiaGlitz.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; A critic from ''[[Oneindia|Filmibeat]]'' wrote that &quot;Overall, 72 Model is a good comedy entertainer, which would impress family audience as well as youth&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/malayalam/reviews/2013/72-model-movie-review-108415.html|title=72 Model - Movie Review|date=26 April 2013|website=Filmibeat.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film was a box office failure.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/rajasenan-directs-radio-jockey-news-malayalam-nhkle8dbhaisi.html|title=Rajasenan directs 'Radio Jockey'|date=10 July 2013|work=[[Sify]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512064501/https://www.sify.com/movies/rajasenan-directs-radio-jockey-news-malayalam-nhkle8dbhaisi.html|archive-date=12 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Indian drama films]]<br /> [[Category:2013 films]]<br /> [[Category:2013 Malayalam-language films]]<br /> [[Category:2013 drama films]]<br /> [[Category:Malayalam-language drama films]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Praveen_Chandra&diff=454244 2026-03-09T10:28:05Z

<p>Igorcaf: reworked references per sources</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian cardiologist}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Praveen Chandra<br /> | image = Dr. Praveen Chandra.jpg<br /> | imagesize = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1963|3|15|df=yes}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Full of Heart |url=http://healthcare.financialexpress.com/201008/healthcarelife01.shtml |access-date=13 November 2022 |work=Financial Express |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116125942/http://healthcare.financialexpress.com/201008/healthcarelife01.shtml|archive-date=16 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | birth_place = [[Gorakhpur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India<br /> | death_date = <br /> | death_place = <br /> | restingplace = <br /> | restingplacecoordinates = <br /> | othername = <br /> | occupation = Cardiologist<br /> | yearsactive = <br /> | known for = [[Interventional cardiology]]<br /> | spouse = <br /> | domesticpartner = <br /> | children = <br /> | parents = <br /> | website = <br /> | awards = [[Padma Shri]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Dr. '''Praveen Chandra''' is an Indian [[cardiologist]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dr Praveen Chandra Online Profile&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.credihealth.com/doctor/praveen-chandra-cardiologist/overview | title=Dr Praveen Chandra profile on Credihealth | date=2017 | access-date=6 February 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; and chairman of [[interventional cardiology]] at [[Medanta]] - The Medicity, [[Gurgaon]], [[India]]. He is recognised for his work in the field of [[coronary angioplasty]].<br /> <br /> He has also served as the director of Cardiac Cath Lab &amp; Acute MI Services at [[Max Healthcare]] and as a consultant cardiologist at Escorts Heart Institute and Research Center, New Delhi.<br /> <br /> He is a fellow of the [[Endovascular]] Intervention Society of India and the Asia-Pacific Society of Interventional Cardiology. Dr. Chandra has been a distinguished faculty member in various international meetings and was the organiser and director of the AMI course held in New Delhi in 2005 and 2006. He has published approximately 100 articles, reviews, and abstracts in various national and international scientific [[Scientific journal|journal]]s. He is an alumnus of King George Medical College (KGMC), Lucknow. He was born in 1963 in [[Gorakhpur]] to Dr. U.C. Verma and completed his intermediate from Colvins Taluqadar College, Lucknow. <br /> <br /> The [[Government of India]] awarded him the civilian honour of the [[Padma Shri]] in 2016.&lt;ref name=&quot;Padma Awards 2016&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=135783 | title=Padma Awards 2016 | publisher=Press Information Bureau, Government of India | date=2016 | access-date=2 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> As a writer, he has contributed to a number of publications including [[NDTV]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=World Heart Day: Heart Attack Vs Cardiac Arrest; Know What To Do In An Emergency|url=https://www.ndtv.com/health/world-heart-day-heart-attack-vs-cardiac-arrest-know-what-to-do-in-an-emergency-2557356|access-date=2021-10-28|website=NDTV.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *{{Official website|https://www.drpraveenchandra.com/}}<br /> <br /> {{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Medicine}}<br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Chandra, Praveen}}<br /> [[Category:Indian cardiologists]]<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in medicine]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian medical doctors]]<br /> [[Category:Medical doctors from Haryana]]<br /> [[Category:People from Gurgaon]]<br /> [[Category:1963 births]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mahasathi_Anasuya&diff=461935 2026-03-05T18:20:43Z

<p>Igorcaf: minor edit</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}<br /> {{Infobox film <br /> | image = Mahasathi Anasuya.jpg<br /> | caption = <br /> | director = [[B. S. Ranga]]<br /> | producer = B. S. Ranga<br /> | story = <br /> | writer = [[Chi. Udaya Shankar]] (dialogues)<br /> | screenplay = Chi. Udaya Shankar<br /> | starring = [[Dr. Rajkumar|Rajkumar]]&lt;br&gt;[[Pandari Bai]]&lt;br&gt;[[Leelavathi (actress)|Leelavathi]]&lt;br&gt;[[Jayanthi (actress)|Jayanthi]]&lt;br&gt;[[Vanisri]]<br /> | music = [[S. Hanumantha Rao]]<br /> | cinematography = B. N. Haridas<br /> | editing = P. G. Mohan&lt;br&gt;M. Devendranath&lt;br&gt;T. Chakrapani<br /> | studio = Vikram Productions<br /> | distributor = Vikram Productions<br /> | released = {{Film date|1965|08|19|df=y}}<br /> | runtime = 173 minutes<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Kannada<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Mahasathi Anasuya''''' ({{audio|Kn-ಮಹಾಸತಿ ಅನಸೂಯ.ogg|pronunciation}}) is a 1965 Indian [[Kannada]]-language film, directed and produced by [[B. S. Ranga]]. The film stars [[Dr. Rajkumar|Rajkumar]], [[Pandari Bai]], [[Leelavathi (actress)|Leelavathi]], [[Jayanthi (actress)|Jayanthi]] and [[Vanisri]]. The film has musical score by [[S. Hanumantha Rao]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://chiloka.com/movie/mahasati-anasuya-1965|title=Mahasathi Anasuya|accessdate=2015-01-29|publisher=chiloka.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nthwall.com/hi/Mahasati-Ansuya-1965/9543206160|title=Mahasathi Anasuya|accessdate=2015-01-29|publisher=nthwall.com|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150129161210/http://www.nthwall.com/hi/Mahasati-Ansuya-1965/9543206160|archive-date=29 January 2015|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rajkumar portrayed the role of god-sage [[Narada]] in the movie.<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> {{cast listing|<br /> * [[Dr. Rajkumar|Rajkumar]] as Narada Muni<br /> * [[K. S. Ashwath]] as Athri Muni as Anasuya's husband<br /> * [[Pandari Bai]] as Anasuya<br /> * [[Balakrishna (Kannada actor)|Balakrishna]] as Kowshika, Sumathi's husband<br /> * [[Leelavathi (actress)|Leelavathi]] as Sumathi<br /> * [[Narasimharaju (Kannada actor)|Narasimharaju]] as Thandava<br /> * [[M. N. Lakshmidevi]] as Nagaveni <br /> * [[Mynavathi]] in a cameo appearance as Dakshayini<br /> * [[Vanisri]] as Saraswathi<br /> * R. T. Rama as Lakshmi<br /> * [[Jayanthi (actress)|Jayanthi]] as Lavanya<br /> * Sabithadevi<br /> * Suryakumari<br /> * Srikanth<br /> * Srikantaswamy<br /> * Suryakumar<br /> * Krishna Shastry<br /> * Eshwarappa<br /> * Kupparaj<br /> * Sanjeevan<br /> * L. N. Swamy<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==Soundtrack==<br /> The music was composed by Hanumantha Rao.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://play.raaga.com/kannada/album/Mahasati-Anusuyaa-K0001025|title=Mahasati Anusuyaa Songs|accessdate=2015-01-29|website=[[Raaga.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%;&quot;<br /> ! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length (m:ss)<br /> |-<br /> | 1 || &quot;Narayanam Bhajare&quot; || [[P. B. Sreenivas]] || [[Chi. Udaya Shankar]] || 03:00<br /> |-<br /> | 2 || &quot;Sreedhara Keshava Narayana&quot; || P. B. Sreenivas || Chi. Udaya Shankar || 03:23<br /> |-<br /> | 3 || &quot;Thrimurthkala Roopa&quot; || P. B. Sreenivas || Chi. Udaya Shankar || 03:08<br /> |-<br /> | 4 || &quot;Samanaariharu Enna&quot; || [[Bangalore Latha]], [[B. K. Sumitra]], [[S. Janaki]] || ||<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * {{IMDb title|0261036}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1965 Kannada-language films]]<br /> [[Category:1965 Indian films]]<br /> [[Category:Hindu mythological films]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{1960s-Kannada-film-stub}}<br /> {{Hindu-film-stub}}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nalla_Thangal&diff=520127 2026-03-04T05:05:31Z

<p>Igorcaf: Put up a pg</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|1955 Indian Tamil film}}<br /> {{distinguish|Nalla Thangai|Nalla Thanka}}<br /> {{Multiple issues|<br /> {{No plot|date=September 2024}}<br /> {{More citations needed|date=September 2024}}<br /> }}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=March 2017}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Nalla Thangal<br /> | director = P. V. Krishna Iyer<br /> | writer = A. K. Velan<br /> | starring = [[R. S. Manohar]]&lt;br /&gt;[[G. Varalakshmi]]&lt;br /&gt;[[A. P. Nagarajan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Madhuri Devi]]&lt;br /&gt;[[J. P. Chandrababu]]<br /> | narrator = <br /> | music = [[G. Ramanathan]]<br /> | cinematography = Vasudeva Rao&lt;br /&gt;Karnataki<br /> | editing = Paul G. Yadav<br /> | studio = Madras Movietone<br /> | released = {{film date|df=yes|1955|12|30}}<br /> | runtime = <br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Tamil<br /> | budget = <br /> | gross = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Nalla Thangal''''' ({{translation|Good Younger Sister}}) is a 1955 Indian [[Tamil-language]] film directed by P. V. Krishna Iyer. The film stars [[R. S. Manohar]] and [[G. Varalakshmi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;lakshmansruthi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=1955 – நல்லதங்காள் – மெட்ராஸ் மூவிடோன் |url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1955-cinedetails19.asp |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330125809/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1955-cinedetails19.asp |archive-date=30 March 2017 |website=[[Lakshman Sruthi]] |language=Tamil |access-date=30 March 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It is a remake of the director's own [[Malayalam film]] ''[[Nalla Thanka]]'' (1950).<br /> <br /> == Cast ==<br /> The list is adapted from the database of [[Film News Anandan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;lakshmansruthi&quot; /&gt;{{div col|colwidth=30em}}<br /> *[[R. S. Manohar]]<br /> *[[G. Varalakshmi]]<br /> *[[A. P. Nagarajan]]<br /> *[[Madhuri Devi]]<br /> *[[J. P. Chandrababu]]<br /> *[[V. M. Ezhumalai]]<br /> *[[E. V. Saroja]]<br /> *Mohana<br /> {{div col end}}<br /> <br /> == Soundtrack ==<br /> Music was composed by [[G. Ramanathan]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Neelamegam |first=G. |title=Thiraikalanjiyam&amp;nbsp;— Part 1 |date=December 2014 |publisher=Manivasagar Publishers |edition=1st |location=Chennai |pages=94 |language=Tamil}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%;&quot;<br /> ! Song !! Singer/s !! Lyricist !! Duration (m:ss)<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Kannin Karumaniye&quot; || [[Sirkazhi Govindarajan]] &amp; [[P. Leela]]|| || 03:40<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Evale Avale&quot; || [[N. L. Ganasaraswathi]]|| || 04:40<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Vaadaatha Marikozhundhe&quot; || D. B. Ramachandra &amp; [[K. Jamuna Rani]]|| || 02.50<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Pachai Padagu Virithadhu Pol&quot; || K. Jamuna Rani, Udutha Sarojini &amp; Nirmala || || 02:02<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Ithanai Naalaaga Engedi Pone&quot; || [[G. Ramanathan]] &amp; K. Jamuna Rani || || 02:09<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Komala Sezhunthaamarai Ezhil Meviye&quot;|| P. Leela, [[A. P. Komala]], [[A. G. Rathnamala]], Udutha Sarojini &amp; Nirmala || rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[A. Maruthakasi]]||02:37<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Ponne Pudhu Malare&quot; || rowspan=2|[[T. M. Soundararajan]]|| 03:30<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Kallamilla Vellai Manam Kaattum&quot; || || 01:32<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Unai Kandu Mayangaadha&quot; || [[J. P. Chandrababu]]|| || 01:18<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Thiru Ullam Irangaadha&quot; || Sirkazhi Govindarajan || A. Maruthakasi || 02:20<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Adi Seeni Sakkara Katti&quot; || V. T. Rajagopalan || ||<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Annaiyum Thandhaiyum Illaadha&quot; || rowspan=3|P. Leela || rowspan=3|A. Maruthakasi || 03:31<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Thingalodu Gangaiyai&quot; || 01:58<br /> |-<br /> | &quot;Komala Sezhunthaamarai Ezhil Meviye&quot;&lt;br /&gt;(Pathos) || 02:37<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> *{{IMDb title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1955 Indian films]]<br /> [[Category:1955 Tamil-language films]]<br /> [[Category:Films scored by G. Ramanathan]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ente_Veedu_Appuvinteyum&diff=446600 2026-03-03T21:40:50Z

<p>Igorcaf: updated</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|2003 Indian Malayalam family drama film}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | name = Ente Veedu Appoontem<br /> | image = Ente-Veedu-Appuvinteyum.jpg<br /> | caption = <br /> | director = [[Sibi Malayil]]<br /> | producer = [[Prem Prakash]]<br /> | writer = [[Bobby–Sanjay]]<br /> | starring = {{Unbulleted_list|[[Kalidas Jayaram]]|[[Jayaram]]|[[Jyothirmayi]]}}<br /> | music = [[Ouseppachan]]<br /> | cinematography = [[Venugopal Madathil]]<br /> | editing = L.Bhoominathan<br /> | studio = <br /> | distributor = Murali films<br /> | released = {{Film date|2003|04|11|df=yes}}<br /> | runtime = 143 minutes&lt;ref name=&quot;:BBFC&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last= |title=Ente Veedu... Apoontem... |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/ente-veedu-apoontem-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0znduzmtk |access-date=14 October 2023 |website=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = Malayalam<br /> | budget = <br /> | gross = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Ente Veedu Appuvinteyum''''' (transl.  My home also for Appu) is a 2003 Indian [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam]]-language [[Drama (film and television)#Family drama|family drama]] film directed by [[Sibi Malayil]] and produced by [[Prem Prakash]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:BBFC&quot;&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; It was the debut movie as scriptwriters of brothers [[Bobby–Sanjay|Bobby and Sanjay]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Act-3-Scene-very-SUNNY/article15127548.ece |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url-access=subscription |title=Act 3: Scene very sunny |last=Pradeep |first=K |access-date=13 March 2021 |date=4 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223163856/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Act-3-Scene-very-SUNNY/article15127548.ece |archive-date=2022-12-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film starred [[Kalidas Jayaram]], [[Jayaram]], and [[Jyothirmayi]] in lead roles along with [[Kalashala Babu]], [[Nedumudi Venu]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Salim Kumar]], [[Vishnu Unnikrishnan]], [[Shammi Thilakan]], [[Sanusha]], and [[K. P. A. C. Lalitha]] in supporting roles. It was remade in Tamil as ''[[Kannadi Pookal]]'' in 2005.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.behindwoods.com/News/3-2-05/parthi_female.htm |title=Behindwoods : Femme-fatale Parthiban |website=Behindwoods.com |access-date=2 April 2019 |archive-date=2 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402130710/http://www.behindwoods.com/News/3-2-05/parthi_female.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Kalidas won the [[National Film Award for Best Child Artist]] for his performance in the film.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Star kids to rock M-Town |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/Star-kids-to-rock-M-Town/articleshow/14645272.cms |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=10 January 2017 |access-date=13 March 2021 |archive-date=16 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816164516/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/Star-kids-to-rock-M-Town/articleshow/14645272.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kalidas-jayaram-doing-movie-his-dad-90903 |title=Kalidas Jayaram on doing a movie with his dad |date=1 November 2018 |work=The News Minute |access-date=24 June 2021 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205615/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kalidas-jayaram-doing-movie-his-dad-90903 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/In-the-limelight/article14639371.ece |title=In the limelight |date=15 September 2016 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url-access=subscription |access-date=24 June 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624210429/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/In-the-limelight/article14639371.ece |archive-date=2021-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/happy-birthday-kalidas-jayaram-lesser-known-facts-about-the-charming-actor-that-will-make-you-his-fan/articleshow/79752210.cms |title=Happy Birthday Kalidas Jayaram: Lesser known facts about the charming actor that will make you his fan |access-date=22 June 2023 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=16 December 2020 |archive-date=29 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229072507/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/happy-birthday-kalidas-jayaram-lesser-known-facts-about-the-charming-actor-that-will-make-you-his-fan/articleshow/79752210.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Plot==<br /> The movie revolves around Viswanathan, his wife, Meera, and his son, Vasudev, who are a happy family. Although Meera is Vasu's stepmother, they are very close to each other. Meera loves Vasu as her own son, and Vasu considers Meera as not only his mother but also his best friend.<br /> <br /> Meera gives birth to a son and Vasu is the happiest. He names his little brother Appu and cares much for him. After Appu is born, his parents start paying more attention to the baby while Vasu feels left out. On Appu's birthday, Vasu buys him a small gift with the pennies he had saved. But when he sees everyone giving expensive and much costlier gifts, he feels disappointed and hides his gift. He feels insecure when he sees his parents caring for Appu more while not being attentive towards him. Feeling dejected, one day Vasu and his father fall into an argument and Vishwanathan goes to the extent of slapping Vasudev. This begins to create problems leading Vasu to unintentionally kill the baby, which in turn gets him imprisoned in the juvenile home. After completing the terms in the juvenile home, he comes back to the home and gets a surprise from Meera in the form of another baby as his step-brother. He also names that baby Appu and gives him the old gift he bought for the deceased baby. Viswanathan and Meera are happy about their bonding.<br /> <br /> ==Cast==<br /> {{cast listing|<br /> * [[Kalidas Jayaram]] as Vasudev Vishwanathan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/putham-pudhu-kaalai-jayaram-and-kalidas-on-acting-in-the-anthology/article32859975.ece |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url-access=subscription |title=Putham Pudhu Kaalai- Jayaram and Kalidas on acting in the anthology |date=15 October 2020 |last1=Sunder |first1=Gautam |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201015130659/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/putham-pudhu-kaalai-jayaram-and-kalidas-on-acting-in-the-anthology/article32859975.ece |archive-date=2020-10-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Jayaram]] as Viswanathan<br /> * [[Jyothirmayi]] as Meera Vishwanathan ([[voiceover]] by [[Praveena]])<br /> * [[Kalashala Babu]] as Jayakumar, Meera's father&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2018/may/15/malayalam-movie-actor-kalasala-babu-passes-away-1814769.html |work=newindianexpress |title=Malayalam movie actor Kalasala Babu passes away |date=15 May 2018 |access-date=13 March 2021 |archive-date=19 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019084719/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2018/may/15/malayalam-movie-actor-kalasala-babu-passes-away-1814769.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[K. P. A. C. Lalitha]] as Meera's Aunty <br /> * [[Shammi Thilakan]] as Chandran<br /> * [[Nedumudi Venu]] as Doctor Krishnakumar, a child psychologist<br /> * [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]] as C.I. Santhosh, Vishwanathan's friend<br /> * [[Salim Kumar]] as Ganeshan, Chef in Juvenile Prison<br /> * Arun Sathyan as Rajappan (Prisoner Boy)<br /> * [[Vishnu Unnikrishnan]] as Prisoner Boy&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/A-different-act/article16687026.ece |title=A different act |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |first1=Nita |last1=Sathyendran |url-access=subscription |date=2016-11-23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124181418/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/A-different-act/article16687026.ece |archive-date=2016-11-24 |access-date=2017-03-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/south-indian/vishnu-unnikrishnan-is-finally-playing-the-hero-1.1937331 |title=Vishnu Unnikrishnan is finally playing the hero |work=[[Gulf News]] |date=29 November 2016 |access-date=8 March 2018 |archive-date=8 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308231642/http://m.gulfnews.com/amp/life-style/celebrity/desi-news/south-india/vishnu-unnikrishnan-is-finally-playing-the-hero-1.1937331 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Geetha Salam]] as Bhaskaran<br /> * [[Subair]] as Sethumadhavan, Public Prosecutor<br /> * Ambika Rao as Teacher<br /> * [[Jose Prakash]] as Judge<br /> }}<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> <br /> === Box office ===<br /> The film was a commercial success.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/photo-features/father-son-duo-who-won-kerala-state-film-awards/photostory/51372661.cms |title=Father son duo who won Kerala State Film Awards |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=5 September 2016 |access-date=8 March 2018 |archive-date=2 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002064150/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/photo-features/father-son-duo-who-won-kerala-state-film-awards/photostory/51372661.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/2005/feb/24ss.htm |title=Remake season down south! |work=[[Rediff.com]] |date=23 February 2003 |access-date=8 March 2018 |archive-date=8 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308231356/https://m.rediff.com/movies/2005/feb/24ss.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030502061014/http://sify.com/movies/malayalam/fullstory.php?id=13026969&amp;vsv=94 |title=2003 Vishu report card |website=[[Sify]] |url=http://sify.com/movies/malayalam/fullstory.php?id=13026969&amp;vsv=94 |archive-date=2003-05-02 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Accolades ==<br /> [[File:The President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam presenting the Best Child Artists Award for the year 2004 to Kalidas.jpg|thumb|Kalidas receiving the [[51st National Film Awards|Best Child Artist award]] from President [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]]]]<br /> '''[[51st National Film Awards|National Film Awards 2003]]'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/alphonse-puthren-direct-kalidas-jayaram-tamil-film-62673 |title=Alphonse Puthren to direct Kalidas Jayaram |work=[[The News Minute]] |date=26 May 2017 |access-date=8 March 2018 |archive-date=30 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630053416/http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/alphonse-puthren-direct-kalidas-jayaram-tamil-film-62673 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://silverscreen.in/tamil/features/jayaram-interview-acting-is-always-fun/ |title=Jayaram Interview: &quot;Acting Is Always Fun&quot; |work=[[Silverscreen]] |date=17 July 2016 |access-date=8 March 2018 |archive-date=30 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160930051030/http://silverscreen.in/tamil/features/jayaram-interview-acting-is-always-fun/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[National Film Award for Best Child Artist|Best Child Artiste]] – [[Kalidas Jayaram]]<br /> <br /> '''[[Kerala State Film Awards|Kerala State Film Awards 2003]] '''<br /> *[[Kerala State Film Award for Best Film with Popular Appeal and Aesthetic Value]] - [[Prem Prakash]] ( film producer )<br /> *[[Kerala State Film Award for Best Director]] - [[Sibi Malayil]]<br /> <br /> '''[[Asianet Film Awards]]'''<br /> <br /> * [[Asianet Film Awards#Best Film|Asianet Film Award for Best Film]] - [[Prem Prakash]] ( film producer )<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> * [[List of Malayalam films of 2003]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *{{IMDb title|0389973}}<br /> *[https://archive.today/20130217230349/http://popcorn.oneindia.in/title/2649/ente-veedu-appuvinteyum.html ''Ente Veedu Appuvinteyum''] at [[Oneindia.in]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:2003 films]]<br /> [[Category:2003 Malayalam-language films]]<br /> [[Category:Indian family films]]<br /> [[Category:Indian prison drama films]]<br /> [[Category:Malayalam films remade in other languages]]<br /> [[Category:Films with screenplays by Bobby-Sanjay]]<br /> [[Category:Films directed by Sibi Malayil]]<br /> [[Category:Films scored by Ouseppachan]]<br /> [[Category:Films featuring a Best Child Artist National Award–winning performance]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bipin_Bihari_Sasmal&diff=491815 2026-03-02T00:41:45Z

<p>Igorcaf: new new info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Bengali landlord and Politician (1873–1941)}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | honorific_prefix = [[Rai Sahib]]<br /> | name = Bipin Bihari Sasmal <br /> | native_name = বিপিন বিহারী শাসমল<br /> | image = <br /> | image_size = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_name = Bipin Bihari Sasmal <br /> | birth_date = April 1873<br /> | birth_place = Chandiveti, [[Contai]], [[Midnapore district]], [[Bengal Presidency]]<br /> | death_date = July 1941<br /> | death_place = [[Contai]], [[Midnapore district]], [[Bengal Presidency]]<br /> | education = [[Contai High School]]<br /> | occupation = [[Zamindar]], politician <br /> | spouse = Shantashila Debi<br /> | relatives = [[Birendranath Sasmal]] (brother)<br /> | honours = {{ubl|[[File:Rao Sahib.jpg|30px]] [[Rai Sahib]] (1912)}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''[[Babu (title)|Babu]] Bipin Bihari Sasmal''', [[Rai Sahib]] (also written as '''Bepin Behari Sasmal''') (April 1873 – July 1941) was a [[Bengalis|Bengali]] [[Politician]], social worker, [[educationist]] and a distinguished [[Zamindar]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Calcutta |first=University of |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=42MbAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=bipin+bihari+sasmal |title=The Calendar |date=1928 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Das |first=Manmatha Nath |title=Medinipur Charitabhidhan |publisher=Arindam's |edition=1st |language=bn |trans-title=Biographical dictionery on undivided Medinipur District}}&lt;/ref&gt; He significantly contributed to the growth of education in [[Purba Medinipur district|Purba Medinipur]], by founding many educational institutions and he was also involved in many other social works for the welfare of the people.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Das |first=Basantakumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F7i1AAAAIAAJ&amp;q=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80+%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B2 |title=Svādhīnatā saṃgrāme Medinīpura |date=1980 |publisher=Medinīpura Svādhīnatā Saṃgrāma Itihāsa Samiti |pages=324 |language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was the elder brother of [[Birendranath Sasmal]], one of the foremost nationalist leaders of [[Bengal Presidency]] during the [[Indian independence movement]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Das |first=Dulal Krishna |script-title=bn:বাংলার নবরত্ন |publisher=Tuhina Publications |year=2021 |edition=1st |location=Kolkata |publication-date=2022 |pages=138 to 165 |language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> ==Early life==<br /> Sasmal was born at Chandiveti village, near [[Contai]] in [[Midnapore district]] in [[Bengal Presidency]]. He was born into a prominent land-owning (''[[zamindar]]'') [[Mahishya]] family to [[Zamindar]] Biswambar Sasmal and Anandamoyee Debi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; He was their eldest child, his brothers being [[Birendranath Sasmal|Deshapran Birendranath Sasmal]] and Jogendranath Sasmal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; The Sasmal family of Chandiveti had been intrinsically involved with the [[Indian independence movement]], being one of the major landed families, was among the earliest educated families of [[Purba Medinipur district]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bandyopadhyay |first=Anirban |date=2021-03-18 |title=Mahisyas and the new caste question in West Bengal politics |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/west-bengal-assembly-polls-2021/story/mahisyas-and-the-new-caste-question-in-west-bengal-politics-1780517-2021-03-17 |access-date=2025-12-24 |website=India Today |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; He completed his studies from the [[Contai High School]]. After graduation, he was initiated into [[Brahmoism]] by his teacher, and the [[Acharya]] of the [[Brahmo Samaj]] of [[Contai]], Tarak Gopal Ghosh.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> He owned large zamindaris at Birkul near [[Contai]], and also in [[Kolaghat (community development block)|Kolaghat]] and in [[Egra subdivision|Egra]] and various other places in the district.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite thesis |last=Gupta |first=Swapan Das |title=Local Politics in Bengal: Midnapur District 1907-1934. |date=1980 |degree=phd |publisher=SOAS University of London |url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/34081/ |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was a modern and enlightened man, he specifically insisted on sending his brother to [[England]] to study for the [[Bar (law)|Bar]] and also, helped gather the requisite funds to do so. As a result, [[Birendranath Sasmal]] became the first person from the district, as well as the first member of the caste to go abroad to read [[law]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Cooper |first=Adrienne |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_gbtAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=birendranath+sasmal |title=Sharecropping and Sharecropper's Struggles in Bengal, 1930-1950 |date=1988 |publisher=K.P. Bagchi &amp; Company |isbn=978-81-7074-039-1 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; He had substantial contribution in various social works in his district. He played a significant role in setting up of multiple educational institutions in the [[Purba Medinipur district]]. In 1883, along with [[Madhusudan Jana]] and others he founded the [[Contai Model Institution]] and 1909, he being a prominent member of the [[Brahmo Samaj]] set up the [[Contai Chandramani Brahmo Girls' School]]. In the ''National School movement'', initiated by his brother [[Birendranath Sasmal]], he took a leading role in the foundation of the Henria Shivaprasad Institution and [[Bahiri]] Bradley Birt High School, two &quot;National Schools&quot; near [[Contai]] and also, Mugberia Gangadhar High School in Mugberia village, in [[Bhagabanpur II|Bhagabanpur]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; He also helped another [[Zamindar]], Biswambar Dinda in setting up of the [[Prabhat Kumar College]] in memory of his late son. The college bring the oldest college in [[Purba Medinipur district]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Calcutta |first=University of |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M1Y4AAAAMAAJ&amp;q=bipin+bihari+sasmal |title=Calendar |date=1929 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; He became the first president of the college after its foundation in 1926. He was elected to be the first [[Chairperson|Chairman]] of the Contai Union Committee and also the Chairman of the Contai Local Board.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Dasgupta |first=Swapan |title=Local Politics in Bengal: Midnapur District |publisher=[[SOAS University of London]] |year=1980 |location=[[London]] |pages=98 |language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Chatterjee |first=Pranab Kumar |title=Midnapur's tryst with struggle |publisher=West Bengal State Archives |date=August 2004 |edition=1st |location=[[Kolkata]] |pages=157 |language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt; He arranged for [[Dhangar]] cleaning staff to be brought from [[Ganjam district]] in [[Odisha]] and settled then in the city of [[Contai]]. He narrowly missed the winning margin for the [[Kanthi Lok Sabha constituency|Midnapore South Constituency]] in 1920.{{sfn|Dasgupta|1980|p=101}} He was one of the most prominent and influential people of [[Midnapore district]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=.:: Legacy of Midnapore - Freedom Movements at Contai ::. |url=https://www.midnapore.in/town_contai_freedom.html |access-date=2025-12-25 |website=www.midnapore.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; he was made an honorary Marriage Registrar in 1907&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |publisher=Bengal (India) Office of Chief Secretary to the Government |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gDKflO3ciboC&amp;dq=bipin+bihari+sasmal&amp;pg=PA257 |title=Half-yearly Civil List for Bengal |date=1908 |pages=257 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; and an [[Magistrate|Honorary Magistrate]] of the [[Contai subdivision]] in 1908.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |publisher=Bengal (India) Office of Chief Secretary to the Government |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gDKflO3ciboC&amp;dq=bipin+bihari+sasmal&amp;pg=PA257 |title=Half-yearly Civil List for Bengal |date=1908 |pages=324 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[British Raj]] also, further honoured him with the title of [[Rai Sahib]] for his social works and other contributions in 1912.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Senapati and Das |first=Uma and Dulal Krishna |title=মাহিষ্য রত্নাবলী জীবনী শতক |publisher=Tuhina Publications |year=2018 |isbn=9788194434641 |edition=2nd |location=[[Kolkata]] |publication-date=2020 |pages=152 |language=Bengali |trans-title=Mahishya Ratnavali Biographical Century}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Death==<br /> Sasmal died in July, 1941 at [[Contai]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|British India]]. His legacy continues to live through the numerous works he carried out in the district and especially in Contai for the people.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Family tree ==<br /> Source:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Das |first=Dulal Krishna |script-title=bn:বাংলার নবরত্ন |publisher=Tuhina Publications |year=2021 |edition=1st |location=Kolkata |publication-date=2022 |pages=138 to 165|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> {{Tree list}}[[Babu (title)|Babu]] Karunakar Sasmal <br /> **Chandi Charan Sasmal <br /> ***Ramdhan Sasmal<br /> ***Biswambhar Sasmal<br /> ****[[Bipin Bihari Sasmal]], m. Shantashila Debi<br /> ****[[Birendranath Sasmal]], m. Hemanta Kumari Debi <br /> ****Jogendranath Sasmal, m. Sarala Debi<br /> ***Kashinath<br /> ***Bholanath<br /> **Baidyanath <br /> {{Tree list/end}}<br /> <br /> ==Gallery==<br /> &lt;gallery&gt; <br /> File:Chandramani Brahma Balika Vidyalaya - Contai - East Midnapore - 2016-06-18 4159.JPG|[[Contai Chandramani Brahmo Girls' School|Chandramoni Brahmo Balika Vidyalaya]], [[Contai]]<br /> File:Contai Model Institution.jpg|[[Contai Model Institution]] at [[Contai]], [[Medinipur district|Midnapore]]. One of the institution that he had helped set up.<br /> File:Prabhjat Kumar College.jpg|[[Prabhat Kumar College]], [[Contai]]<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1873 births]]<br /> [[Category:1941 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Bengali Hindus]]<br /> [[Category:Bengali people]]<br /> [[Category:Brahmos]]<br /> [[Category:People from Purba Medinipur district]]<br /> [[Category:People from Midnapore]]<br /> [[Category:People from the Bengal Presidency]]<br /> [[Category:Bengali educators]]<br /> [[Category:Rai Sahibs]]<br /> [[Category:Bengali zamindars]]<br /> [[Category:Indian landlords]]<br /> [[Category:19th-century Indian politicians]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]<br /> [[Category:Founders of Indian schools and colleges]] <br /> [[Category:Social workers from West Bengal]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Goraya&diff=500958 2026-02-25T21:11:27Z

<p>Igorcaf: new info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}<br /> &lt;!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details --&gt;<br /> {{Infobox settlement<br /> | name = Goraya<br /> | native_name = <br /> | native_name_lang = Punjabi<br /> | other_name = <br /> | nickname = <br /> | settlement_type = City<br /> | image_skyline = <br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_caption = <br /> | pushpin_map = India Punjab#India<br /> | pushpin_label_position = <br /> | pushpin_map_alt = <br /> | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|31.13|N|75.77|E|display=inline,title}}<br /> | subdivision_type = Country<br /> | subdivision_name = [[India]]<br /> | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br /> | subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]<br /> | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br /> | subdivision_name2 = [[Jalandhar district|Jalandhar]]<br /> | subdivision_type3 = Tehsil<br /> | subdivision_name3 = Goraya<br /> | subdivision_type4 = Region<br /> | subdivision_name4 = <br /> | established_title = &lt;!-- Established --&gt;<br /> | established_date = <br /> | founder = <br /> | named_for = <br /> | government_type = <br /> | governing_body = [[Municipal Council]]<br /> | leader_title = Municipal Council Goraya.<br /> | leader_name = <br /> | unit_pref = Metric<br /> | area_footnotes = <br /> | area_rank = <br /> | area_total_19 km = <br /> | elevation_footnotes = <br /> | elevation_m = <br /> | population_blank2_title = Total Households<br /> | population_blank2 = 3590<br /> | population_total = 16,462&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;8,657/7,805[[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> | population_as_of = 2011<br /> | population_rank = <br /> | population_density_km2 = auto<br /> | population_demonym = <br /> | population_footnotes = <br /> | demographics_type1 = Languages<br /> | demographics1_title1 = Official<br /> | demographics1_info1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<br /> | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br /> | utc_offset1 = +5:30<br /> | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]<br /> | postal_code = 144409<br /> | area_code_type = Telephone code<br /> | area_code = 01826<br /> | registration_plate = PB 37<br /> | website = <br /> | footnotes = <br /> | official_name = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Goraya''' is a city in [[Jalandhar]] district and Tehsil of the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]]. It lies between [[Jalandhar]] and stretch of [[National Highway 44 (India)|National Highway 44]] (Old [[National Highway 1 (India, old numbering)|NH 1]]), [[Grand Trunk Road]]. Goraya city was famous for manufacturing of foundry objects, bearings and other steel products before the 1990s. The city was known as The Manchester of Punjab. Even today's grass cutting machines (toka) and ball bearings are manufactured. The famous gear making company Guru Nanak Auto GNA has offices in Goraya. Government and private schools are there but a college is not available in the city.<br /> <br /> == Demography ==<br /> {{as of|2011}}, the town has a total number of 3590 houses and the population of 16,462 of which include 8,657 are males while 7,805 are females. According to the report [[published]] by [[Census India]] in 2011, out of the total population of the village 4,864 people are from [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Schedule Caste]] and the village does not have any [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Schedule Tribe]] population so far.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=32971|title=Population as of 2011|work=[[Census of India, 2011]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Geography==<br /> <br /> Goraya is located at 31.13°N 75.77°E. It has an average elevation of 240 metres (790&amp;nbsp;ft). The town has a humid subtropical climate with cool winters and hot summers. Summers last from April to June and winters from November to February. Temperatures in summer vary from average highs of around 44&amp;nbsp;°C (111&amp;nbsp;°F) to average lows of around 25&amp;nbsp;°C (77&amp;nbsp;°F). Winter temperatures vary from highs of 19&amp;nbsp;°C (66&amp;nbsp;°F) to lows of −5&amp;nbsp;°C (23&amp;nbsp;°F). On the whole, the climate is dry except during the brief southwest monsoon season during July–August. The average annual rainfall is about 70 centimetres (28&amp;nbsp;in).<br /> <br /> ==Education and religion==<br /> <br /> There are various government and public schools and colleges in Goraya J.S.F.H khalsa Senior Sec School, S.H.I.P.S, SR. Sec govt schools, Brilliant Convent school and some other private schools have been doing well as a medium of providing education to children of the area. There are places for worshipping like mandirs, dargah and gurudwaras.<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://lgpunjab.gov.in/eSewa/goraya/ Municipal Council Goraya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403091641/http://lgpunjab.gov.in/eSewa/goraya/ |date=3 April 2020 }}<br /> <br /> {{Jalandhar district}}<br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Cities and towns in Jalandhar district]]<br /> [[Category:Villages in Phillaur tehsil]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rahul_Sharma_(actor)&diff=528141 2026-02-10T02:46:33Z

<p>Igorcaf: bio - done</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Indian actor}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox actor<br /> | name = Rahul Sharma<br /> | image = <br /> | alt = <br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_name = <br /> | birth_date = <br /> | birth_place = <br /> | death_date = <br /> | death_place = <br /> | other_names = <br /> | occupation = Actor<br /> | years_active = 2011–present<br /> | works = [[Rahul Sharma (actor)#Filmography|Full list]]<br /> | spouse = {{Marriage|Neha Sharma|22 January 2022}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Rahul Sharma''' is an Indian television actor. He is best known for his roles in the anthology series ''[[Teri Meri Love Stories]]'' and the soap operas ''[[Kaal Bhairav Rahasya]]'', ''[[Ek Ghar Banaunga]]'' and ''[[Mitegi Laxman Rekha ]]''.<br /> <br /> ==Personal life==<br /> Rahul hails from [[Dausa]] in [[Rajasthan]] and moved to [[Mumbai]] to become an actor.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Im-living-a-dream-Rahul-Sharma/articleshow/20858640.cms|title=I'm living a dream: Rahul Sharma|date=2 July 2013|website=[[The Times of India]] |author=Ano Patel |accessdate=1 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sharma is a science graduate who wanted to do MBA but after attending a 50-day theatre workshop at the [[National School of Drama]] in [[New Delhi]] his life changed and he decided to be an actor.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/latest-news/bhopal-we-believe-in-supernatural-world-and-god/1159985|title=Bhopal: 'We believe in supernatural world and god'|date=27 October 2017|website=[[The Free Press Journal]] |author=Staff Reporter |accessdate=1 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; He has described himself as an avid traveller.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Rahul-Sharmas-road-trip-from-Mumbai-to-Dausa/articleshow/48296904.cms|title=Rahul Sharma's road trip from Mumbai to Dausa|date=1 August 2015|website=[[The Times of India]] |author=Richa Shukla |accessdate=1 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> He married Neha Sharma, a school teacher in [[Jaipur]], on 22 January 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Actor Rahul Sharma ties the knot with Neha |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/rahul-ties-the-knot-with-neha-363955 |access-date=28 June 2023 |work=Tribune |date=24 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> In 2012, he played the male lead in an episode of ''[[Teri Meri Love Stories]]''.&lt;ref name=fans&gt;{{cite news |last=Tiwari |first= Vijaya |date=30 August 2012 |title=Fans mob Teri Meri Love Stories' actors! |url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Fans-mob-Teri-Meri-Love-Stories-actors/articleshow/15994265.cms|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|access-date= 20 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; He played the role of Aakash Garg in the [[Star Plus]] TV series ''[[Ek Ghar Banaunga]]'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last= Singh|first= Renu|date= 21 April 2013|title= Lucknow is close to my heart: Rahul Sharma|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Lucknow-is-close-to-my-heart-Rahul-Sharma/articleshow/19659869.cms|newspaper=The Times Of India |access-date=20 March 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Raghav Roy in [[Sony Pal]]'s ''[[Ek Rishta Aisa Bhi]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last= Lakshmi|first= V|date=1 November 2014 |title= Rahul Sharma: There's a lot of drama, but no melodrama in my show |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Rahul-Sharma-Theres-a-lot-of-drama-but-no-melodrama-in-my-show/articleshow/44994926.cms |newspaper=The Times Of India |access-date=20 March 2015 }}&lt;br/&gt;- {{cite news |last= Maheshwri|first= Neha|date= 25 October 2013|title= My girlfriend left me because of my career choice|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/My-girlfriend-left-me-because-of-my-career-choice/articleshow/24691602.cms |newspaper= The Times Of India|access-date=20 March 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and Vishesh in [[&amp;TV]]'s ''[[Mitegi Laxman Rekha]]'' opposite [[Shivani Tomar]] in 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=आज के समय में जरूरी प्रासंगिक की 'मिटेगी लक्ष्मण रेखा', जल्द होगा प्रसारित |url=https://www.amarujala.com/entertainment/bollywood/shivani-tomar-and-rahul-sharma-new-show-meetge-laxman-rekha-will-on-air-soon |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=Amar Ujala |date=25 May 2018 |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> His most popular onscreen jodi is opposite to Saachi Tiwari in Dangal TV's most popular show [[Kaisa Hai Yeh Rishta Anjaana]] as Rajat and Anmol, loved in the name of &quot;Rajmol&quot; by the audience.<br /> <br /> == Filmography ==<br /> === Television ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! Year <br /> ! Serial <br /> ! Role <br /> ! Notes<br /> |-<br /> | 2011&amp;ndash;2012<br /> | ''[[Kahani Chandrakanta Ki]]''<br /> | Yuvraj Inderjeet Singh<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2012<br /> | ''[[Teri Meri Love Stories]]''<br /> | Aryan<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2013&amp;ndash;2014<br /> | ''[[Ek Ghar Banaunga]]''<br /> | Aakash Garg<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last= Shukla|first= Richa |date=4 December 2013 |title= Jaipur boy Rahul Sharma's small screen adventures|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Jaipur-boy-Rahul-Sharmas-small-screen-adventures/articleshow/26799891.cms|newspaper=The Times Of India|access-date= 20 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2014&amp;ndash;2015<br /> | ''[[Ek Rishta Aisa Bhi]]''<br /> | Raghav Roy<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Maheshwri |first= Neha |date=28 June 2014 |title= Rahul and Aanshul in Shashi-Sumeet's next|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Rahul-and-Aanshul-in-Shashi-Sumeets-next/articleshow/37386353.cms|newspaper=The Times Of India|access-date= 20 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2016<br /> | ''[[Satrangi Sasural]]''<br /> | Bharat Bhushan Chautala<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cityairnews.com/content/rahul-sharma-new-hero-zee-tv%E2%80%99s-satrangi-sasural|title=Rahul Sharma is the new hero of Zee TV's Satrangi Sasural!|date=10 March 2016|website=City Air News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Rahul-Sharma-Im-sad-Satrangi-Sasural-is-ending-just-20-days-after-my-entry/articleshow/51495150.cms|title=Rahul Sharma: I'm sad 'Satrangi Sasural' is ending just 20 days after my entry|author=Neha Maheshwri|date=21 March 2016|work=The Times of India|accessdate=19 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Naagarjuna - Ek Yoddha]]''<br /> | Arjun<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Rahul-Sharma-Im-sad-Satrangi-Sasural-is-ending-just-20-days-after-my-entry/articleshow/51495150.cms|title=Rahul Sharma: I'm sad 'Satrangi Sasural' is ending just 20 days after my entry|author=Neha Maheshwri|date=21 March 2016|work=The Times of India|accessdate=19 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Dr. Madhumati On Duty]]''<br /> | Rahul<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Ek-Ghar-Banaunga-actor-Rahul-Sharma-enters-Dr-Madhumati-On-Duty/articleshow/54244587.cms|title=Ek Ghar Banaunga actor Rahul Sharma enters Dr. Madhumati On Duty|work=The Times of India|date=9 September 2016 |publisher=|accessdate=9 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |- <br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2017<br /> | ''[[Tanhaiyan]]''<br /> | Raza Siddiqui<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | ''[[Vighnaharta Ganesha]]''<br /> | [[Vishnu]]<br /> | <br /> |-<br /> | 2017&amp;ndash;2018<br /> | ''[[Kaal Bhairav Rahasya]]''<br /> | Rahul Prakash<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Kaal Bhairav Rahasya is not a run-of-the-mill show: Rahul Sharma|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/kaal-bhairav-rahasya-is-not-a-run-of-the-mill-show-rahul-sharma-4915198/|accessdate=31 October 2017|work=[[The Indian Express]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2018||''[[Mitegi Laxman Rekha]]''<br /> | Vishesh Devyani Thakur<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.televisionpost.com/tv-to-air-new-drama-series-mitegi-lakshman-rekha-from-28-may/|title=&amp;TV to air new drama series 'Mitegi Lakshman Rekha' from 28 May|date=24 May 2018|website=TelevisionPost}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.easterneye.biz/tv-to-axe-its-new-show-mitegi-laxman-rekha/|title=&amp;TV to axe its new show Mitegi Laxman Rekha|date=10 August 2018|website=easterneye.biz}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2019<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |''[[Laal Ishq (2018 TV series)|Laal Ishq]]''<br /> | Burjil Batiwala<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | Aman<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | Raghav<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2019–2020<br /> | ''[[Pyaar Ki Luka Chuppi]]''<br /> | Sarthak Yadav<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Dangal to premiere new fiction show 'Pyaar Ki Luka Chuppi' |url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/television/releases/dangal-premiere-new-fiction-show-pyaar-ki-luka-chuppi/2019/12/10 |access-date=11 January 2021 |work=IWMBuzz |date=10 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2022<br /> | ''[[Yashomati Maiyaa Ke Nandlala]]''<br /> | [[Nanda (Hinduism)|Nanda]]<br /> | <br /> |-<br /> |2023<br /> | [[Swaraj (TV series)|''Swaraj'']]<br /> | [[Madan Lal Dhingra]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | 2023–2024<br /> | ''[[Kaisa Hai Yeh Rishta Anjana]]''<br /> | Rajat Chauhan<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=EXCLUSIVE! Rahul Sharma replaces Shaleen Malhotra in Kaisa Hai Yeh Rishta Anjaana|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-rahul-sharma-replaces-shaleen-malhotra-in-kaisa-hai-yeh-rishta-anjaana/articleshow/101110338.cms|work=The Times of India|date=19 June 2023 |accessdate=19 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2025<br /> |''[[Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai]]''<br /> |Anshuman Raizada<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-rahul-sharma-joins-yeh-rishta-kya-kehlata-hai-i-wasnt-sure-about-a-cameo-but-everything-felt-right/articleshow/121571045.cms|title=Exclusive - Rahul Sharma joins Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai: I wasn't sure about a cameo, but everything felt right|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=2 June 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Web series===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> ! Year<br /> ! Series<br /> ! Role<br /> ! Ref(s)<br /> |-<br /> | 2019<br /> | ''Maaya 3''<br /> | Rajeev Singh<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Rahul not open to bold scenes |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/lifestyle/rahul-not-open-to-bold-scenes-795004 |access-date=11 January 2021 |work=Tribune |date=30 June 2019 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | 2021<br /> | ''Hello Jee''<br /> | Bhushan Sharma<br /> | &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Rahul Sharma Gets Candid About The New Web Series 'Hello Ji' |url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/television/rahul-sharma-gets-candid-about-the-new-web-series-hello-ji-60868 |access-date=29 January 2021 |work=Mumbai Live |date=29 January 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Music videos===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> ! Year <br /> ! Music Video<br /> |-<br /> |2018<br /> |'' Dil Awara''<br /> |-<br /> |2019<br /> |'' Tum Jaan Ho Meri ''<br /> |-<br /> |2022<br /> |'' Dua karo ''<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===Short films===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !'''Year'''<br /> !'''Short Film'''<br /> |-<br /> |rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|2019<br /> |''Khwabida''<br /> |-<br /> |''The Burned Rose''<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Portal|India|Bollywood}}<br /> *{{IMDb name|8743352}}<br /> *{{Instagram|rahulsharma777}}<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Sharma, Rahul}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:People from Dausa district]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]<br /> [[Category:Indian male television actors]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors in Hindi television]]<br /> [[Category:Indian television presenters]]<br /> [[Category:Male actors from Rajasthan]]<br /> [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Mumbai_venues&diff=512519 2026-02-08T21:50:46Z

<p>Igorcaf: Put up new info</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|none}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}<br /> [[File:DDLJ 26YearsMarathaManndir.jpg|thumb|[[Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge|DDLJ]] 26 Years [[Maratha Mandir]] ]]<br /> This is a list of [[cinemas]] in the city of [[Mumbai]], [[India]]. Mumbai has long been associated with films, with the first film being displayed here in 1896 by the [[Lumière Brothers]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/YovgiRxYBwmx9yo54M1scL/120-years-of-watching-movies-The-first-picture-show.html|title=120 years of watching movies: The first picture show|date= 22 February 2017|publisher=livemint.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; It, thereafter, became the centre of India's [[Hindi]] and [[Marathi language]] film industries, with the former often dubbed as [[Bollywood]]. The first cinema opened in 1913.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/it-was-on-may-3-1913-when-founder-of-indian-film-industry-dadasaheb-phalke-screened-the-first-movie-raja-harishchandra-at-coronation-theatre-in-mumbai-/articleshow/12533278.cms?from=mdr|title=It was on May 3, 1913 when founder of Indian film industry Dadasaheb Phalke screened the first movie Raja Harishchandra at Coronation theatre in Mumbai.|date= 4 April 2012|publisher=timesofindia.Indiatimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mumbai has many cinemas catering to a large and [[Multilingualism|polyglot]] population. Cinemas often serve as major landmarks in the city and define the neighbourhood. Most of the cinemas in the city are one-screen halls, but in recent times, these have been giving way to large multiplexes. <br /> <br /> Recently some cinemas, (often interchangeably called &quot;theatres&quot;) have been forced to shut shop due to the high entertainment tax (which stands at 55%), that results in huge losses. Since 2000, 50 cinemas have shut down in the city. [[Mumbai]] is known for its entertainment industry so there are a lot of cinemas. Such One Example is [[Maratha Mandir]] which is known for playing [[Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge]] for almost 26 years&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/dilwale-dulhania-le-jayenge-isnt-going-anywhere-will-continue-at-maratha-mandir-from-october-22-exclusive/articleshow/87161855.cms?from=mdr|title='Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge' isn't going anywhere: Will continue at Maratha Mandir from October 22|date= 20 October 2021|publisher=timesofindia.Indiatimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; being a single screen cinema and Multiplexes. There are also [[IMAX]] venues operated by [[PVR INOX]], [[Cinépolis]], and others.<br /> <br /> == Performance venues and Auditoriums ==<br /> <br /> === South Mumbai ===<br /> <br /> * Yashwantrao Chavan Centre Auditorium, [[Nariman Point]]<br /> * [[National Centre for the Performing Arts (India)|National Centre for the Performing Arts]], [[Nariman Point]]<br /> ** [[Jamshed Bhabha Theatre]] (NCPA), [[Nariman Point]]<br /> ** [[Tata Theatre]] (NCPA), [[Nariman Point]]<br /> ** [[Experimental Theatre (NCPA)]], [[Nariman Point]]<br /> ** Godrej Dance Theatre (NCPA), [[Nariman Point]]<br /> ** Little Theatre (NCPA), [[Nariman Point]]<br /> * BSE International Convention Hall, [[Kala Ghoda]]<br /> * Lokshahir Anna Bhau Sathe Natyagruha, [[Byculla]] <br /> * Sahitya Sangh Mandir, [[Girgaon]]<br /> * [[Royal Opera House (Mumbai)]], [[Girgaon]]<br /> * Tejpal Auditorium, [[Grant Road (South Mumbai, India)|Grant Road]]<br /> * G5A Foundation for Contemporary Culture, [[Mahalaxmi]]<br /> * Nehru Science Centre and Nehru Centre Auditorium, [[Worli]]<br /> * Metro INOX Cinemas,[[Metro INOX Cinemas]]<br /> <br /> <br /> === Central Mumbai ===<br /> <br /> * Damodar Hall, [[Parel]]<br /> * Ravindra Natya Mandir, [[Prabhadevi]]<br /> * P. L. Deshpande Maharashtra Kala Academy, [[Prabhadevi]]<br /> * [[Shivaji Mandir]], [[Dadar]]<br /> * Veer Savarkar Smarak Auditorium, [[Dadar]]<br /> * Yashvant Natya Mandir, [[Matunga Road]]<br /> * Shanmukhanand Hall, Maheshwari Udyan, [[Matunga]]<br /> * Kala Sadan, [[Sion, Mumbai|Sion]]<br /> <br /> <br /> === Eastern Suburbs ===<br /> <br /> * Jio World Convention Centre, [[Bandra Kurla Complex]]<br /> * Neeta Mukesh Ambani Cultural Centre (NMACC), [[Bandra Kurla Complex]]<br /> ** The Grand Theatre (NMACC), [[Bandra Kurla Complex]]<br /> ** The Studio Theatre (NMACC), [[Bandra Kurla Complex]]<br /> ** The Cube (NMACC), [[Bandra Kurla Complex]]<br /> * Zaverben Popatlal Auditorium, [[Ghatkopar]]<br /> * Sahakar Nagar Natyagruha, [[Chembur]]<br /> * TISS Convention Centre, [[Govandi]]<br /> * D.A.E. Convention Centre, [[Anushakti Nagar]]<br /> * Victor Menezes Convention Centre, [[Powai]]<br /> * Mahakavi Kalidas Natyamandir, [[Mulund]]<br /> <br /> <br /> === Western Suburbs ===<br /> <br /> * St. Andrew’s Auditorium, [[Bandra]]<br /> * Rang Sharda Auditorium, [[Bandra]]<br /> * Bal Gandharva Rang Mandir, [[Bandra]]<br /> * Jeff Goldberg School of Performing Arts, [[Bandra]]<br /> * Dorangos Hall, [[Bandra]]<br /> * Master Dinanath Natygruh, [[Vile Parle]]<br /> * [[Prithvi Theatre]], [[Juhu]]<br /> * Veda Kunba Theatre by Veda Factory, [[Andheri]]<br /> * Chaubara by Veda Factory, [[Versova, Mumbai|Versova]]<br /> * Veda Black Box by Veda Factory, [[Versova, Mumbai|Versova]]<br /> * Mukti Manch, [[Versova, Mumbai|Versova]]<br /> * Rangshila Theatre Group, [[Versova, Mumbai|Versova]]<br /> * Harkat Studios, [[Versova, Mumbai|Versova]]<br /> * NESCO Convention Centre, [[Goregaon]]<br /> * Gateway Convention Centre , [[Goregaon]]<br /> * ASPEE Auditorium, [[Malad]]<br /> * Raghuleela Auditorium, [[Kandivali]]<br /> * Prabodhankar Thackeray Natyagruha, [[Borivali]]<br /> <br /> <br /> === Thane and Beyond ===<br /> <br /> * Gadkari Rangayatan, [[Thane]]<br /> * Dr. Kashinath Natyagruha, [[Thane]]<br /> * Savitribai Phule Natyagruha, [[Dombivali]]<br /> * Atre Rang Mandir, [[Kalyan]]<br /> * Meenatai Thackeray Theatre, [[Bhiwandi]]<br /> <br /> === Navi Mumbai ===<br /> <br /> * Vishnudas Bhave Natygruh, [[Vashi]]<br /> * Krantiveer Phadke Auditorium, [[Panvel]]<br /> <br /> <br /> === Vasai-Virar , Palghar and Dahanu Road ===<br /> <br /> * Sativali Sabhagruh, [[Vasai]]<br /> * Thakur College Auditorium, [[Vasai]]<br /> * Chimaji Appa Sabhagruha, [[Virar]]<br /> * Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Sabhagruh, [[Palghar]]<br /> * Taluka Krida Sankul, [[Dahanu Road]]<br /> <br /> == Single-screen theatres ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! width=&quot;21%&quot; | Cinema<br /> ! Location <br /> ! Ref. <br /> |- valign=&quot;top&quot;<br /> | [[Regal Cinema]] || Colaba || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[Eros Cinema]] [[IMAX]] (Now Multiplex) || Churchgate || |<br /> |-<br /> | Edward Talkies || Dhobi Talao || |<br /> |-<br /> | Roxy Cinema || Charni Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Alfred Theatre || Grant Road || |<br /> |- <br /> | Imperial Cinema || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Royal Talkies || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Nishat Talkies || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | New Roshan Talkies || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Gulshan Theatre || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Shalimar Cinema || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Silver Cinema || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Moti Talkies || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Super Plaza Cinema || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[Maratha Mandir]] || Mumbai Central || |<br /> |-<br /> | Premier Gold Cinema || Dongri || |<br /> |-<br /> | Chitra Cinema || Dadar || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[Plaza cinema, Mumbai]] || Dadar || |<br /> |-<br /> | Citylight Cinema || Mahim || |<br /> |-<br /> | Paradise Cinema || Mahim || |<br /> |-<br /> | Bahar Cinema ||Vile Parle (E) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Kasturba Cinema || Malad || |<br /> |-<br /> | Mayur Cinema || Kandivali || |<br /> |-<br /> | Ajanta Cinema || Borivali (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Anand Cinema || Thane || |<br /> |-<br /> | K K Cinema || Kamothe || |<br /> |-<br /> | Gopi Cinema || Dombivali || |<br /> |-<br /> | KT Vision Cinema || Vasai || |<br /> |-<br /> | Aman Theatre || Ulhasnagar || |<br /> |-<br /> | Venus Cinema || Ulhasnagar || |<br /> |-<br /> | Woodland Cinema || Virar || |<br /> |-<br /> | Vaishali Cinema || Badlapur || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[Liberty Cinema]] (Standby for Special Screenings/Festivals) || Marine Lines || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[Royal Opera House (Mumbai)]] (Standby for Special Screenings/Festivals) || Charni Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[Films Division of India]] NMIC/NFDC (Standby for Special Screenings/Festivals) || Pedder Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Ravindra Natya Mandir (Standby for Special Screenings/Festivals) || Prabhadevi || |<br /> |-<br /> | PL Deshpande Mini Theatre (Standby for Special Screenings/Festivals) || Prabhadevi || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[NMACC]] (Standby for Special Screenings/Festivals) || BKC || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[Capitol Cinema (Mumbai)]] (Temporary Closed)|| Fort || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[New Empire Cinema (Mumbai)]] (Temporary Closed) || Fort || |<br /> |-<br /> | Central Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Girgaon || |<br /> |-<br /> | Novelty Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Apsara Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Alankar Cinema (Temporary Closed) || CP Tank || |<br /> |-<br /> | Palace Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Byculla || |<br /> |-<br /> | Star Talkies (Temporary Closed) || Dockyard Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | New Shirin Talkies (Temporary Closed) || Mahalxmi || |<br /> |-<br /> | Bharatmata Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Currey Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Geeta Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Worli || |<br /> |-<br /> | Matterdan (Deepak Cinema) (Temporary Closed) || Prabhadevi || |<br /> |-<br /> | Premier Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Parel || |<br /> |-<br /> | Sharda Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Dadar || |<br /> |-<br /> | IMAX Dome Theatre (Temporary Closed) || Wadala || |<br /> |-<br /> | Arora Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Matunga || |<br /> |-<br /> | Sahakar Plaza (Temporary Closed) || Tilak Nagar || |<br /> |-<br /> | Kings Talkies (Temporary Closed) || Kurla (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Kamran Talkies (Temporary Closed) || Kurla (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Kalpana Talkies (Temporary Closed) || Kurla (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Amar Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Chembur (E) || |'<br /> |-<br /> | Sharad Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Chembur (E) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Natraj Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Chembur (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Ankur Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Govandi || |<br /> |-<br /> | Chandan Cinema (Temporary Closed)|| Juhu || |<br /> |-<br /> | Navrang Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Andheri (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Mehul Talkies (Temporary Closed) || Mulund (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Anand Cinema || Thane (E) || <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | Pratap Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Thane || |<br /> |-<br /> | Vandana Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Thane || |<br /> |-<br /> | Ganesh Theatre (Temporary Closed) || Thane || |<br /> |-<br /> | Ashok Cinema (Temporary Closed) || Thane || |<br /> |-<br /> | Malhar Talkies (Temporary Closed) || Thane || |<br /> |-<br /> | Movie Time (Old Rajeshri Cinema) (Temporary Closed) || Dahisar (E) || |<br /> |-<br /> | [[Coronation Cinematograph and Variety Hall]] 1st Cinema Hall of Mumbai (Permanently Closed)|| Girgaon || |<br /> |-<br /> | The American-India (Permanently Closed) || Girgaon || |<br /> |-<br /> | The New Alhambra (Permanently Closed) || Sandhurst Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | The Olympia (Permanently Closed) || Sandhurst Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Strand Cinema (Permanently Closed) || Colaba || |<br /> |-<br /> | Majestic Cinema (Permanently Closed) || Girgaon || |<br /> |-<br /> | Ganga Jamuna (Permanently Closed) || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Diana Theatre (Permanently Closed) || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Swastik Cinema (Permanently Closed) || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Daulat Cinema (Permanently Closed) || Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Dreamland Cinema (Permanently Closed)|| CP Tank || |<br /> |-<br /> | Minerva Cinema (Permanently Closed)|| Mumbai Central || |<br /> |-<br /> | Alexandra Cinema (Permanently Closed)|| Mumbai Central || |<br /> |-<br /> | Satyam-Shivam-Sachinam (Permanently Closed)|| Worli || |<br /> |-<br /> | Ganesh Talkies (Permanently Closed)|| Lalbaug || |<br /> |-<br /> | Kismat Talkies (Permanently Closed)|| Prabhadevi || |<br /> |-<br /> | Bandra Talkies (Permanently Closed)|| Bandra (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Pinki Cinema (Permanently Closed) || Andheri (E) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Ambar-Oscar-Minor (Permanently Closed) || Andheri (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Saaz Cinema (Permanently Closed) || Bhandup (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Naaz Cinema (Permanently Closed)|| Grant Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Jaya Talkies ( closed) || Borivali west ||<br /> | Diamond Talkies (closed) || Borivali west ||<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Multiplexes ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! width=&quot;21%&quot; | Cinema<br /> ! Location <br /> ! Ref. <br /> |- valign=&quot;Centre&quot;<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;26&quot;| [[PVR Cinemas|PVR]] Cinemas || ICON Phoenix Palladium, Lower Parel, Mumbai || Rowspan=&quot;24&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/press-releases/introducing-mumbai-s-biggest-7-screen-all-digital-multiplex-108122901118_1.html|title=Introducing Mumbai's biggest 7 screen all Digital multiplex|date= 29 January 2013|publisher=business-standard.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/pvr-opens-5-screen-multiplex-in-panvel-increases-pan-india-presence/articleshow/52433501.cms?from=mdr|title=PVR opens 5-screen multiplex in Panvel, increases pan-India presence|date= 25 May 2016|publisher=economictimes.indiatimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-cm/pvr-to-operate-manage-jio-drive-in-theatre-in-mumbai-121110600638_1.html|title= PVR to operate, manage Jio Drive-In Theatre in Mumbai|date= 6 November 2021|publisher=business-standard.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/pvr-luxe-redefining-the-silver-screen-experience/articleshow/69301429.cms?from=mdr|title= PVR LUXE redefining the silver screen experience|date= 13 May 2019|publisher=economictimes.indiatimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | Luxe Phoenix Palladium, Lower Parel, Mumbai<br /> |-<br /> | Maison PVR - Library Hall, Jio World Drive, BKC<br /> |-<br /> | Maison PVR - The Loft - Luxe, Jio World Drive, BKC <br /> |-<br /> | Maison PVR - Living Room - Luxe, Jio World Drive, BKC <br /> |-<br /> | Jio Drive-In Theatre, Jio World Drive, BKC<br /> |-<br /> | Market City, Kurla (Premiere) <br /> |-<br /> | Luxe, Market City, Kurla<br /> |-<br /> | Phoenix Market City, Kurla (4DX)<br /> |-<br /> | Le Reve- Globus Mall, Bandra (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Odeon Mall, Ghatkopar (E)<br /> |-<br /> | Dynamix, Juhu<br /> |-<br /> | Lido, Juhu<br /> |-<br /> | C&amp;B Square (Old Sangam Theatre), Andheri (E)<br /> |-<br /> | City Mall, Andheri (W)<br /> |-<br /> | ICON Infiniti, Andheri (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Luxe, Infiniti, Andheri (W)<br /> |-<br /> | ICON Oberoi Mall, Goregaon (E)<br /> |-<br /> | Infiniti, Malad (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Infiniti, Malad (W) (4DX)<br /> |-<br /> | Milap, Kandivali (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Growel, Kandivali (E)<br /> |-<br /> | Lodha Xperia, Palava, Dombivali (E)<br /> |-<br /> | Orion Mall, Panvel<br /> |-<br /> | Haseen, Bhiwandi<br /> |-<br /> | The Capital Mall, Nalasopara (E)<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;17&quot; | [[INOX Leisure Limited|INOX]] || [[Metro INOX Cinemas]], Marine Lines || rowspan=&quot;17&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/inox-megaplex-at-mumbais-inorbit-mall-offers-a-unique-experience-with-indias-first-screenx/articleshow/88310392.cms?from=mdr|title=INOX Megaplex at Mumbai's Inorbit Mall offers a unique experience with India's first ScreenX|date= 16 December 2021|publisher=economictimes.indiatimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/after-pvr-inox-launches-india-s-second-cinema-led-screen-in-mumbai-118120500892_1.html|title=After PVR, Inox launches India's second cinema LED screen in Mumbai|date= 6 December 2018|publisher=business-standard.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://luxurylaunches.com/mumbai/mumbais-metro-inox-back-fabulous-2-0-version/?amp=1|title=Mumbai's Metro Inox Is Back With A Fabulous 2.0 Version|date= 16 November 2017|publisher=luxurylaunches.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | Laserplex: CR2 Nariman Point<br /> |-<br /> | Insignia at Atria Mall, Worli<br /> |-<br /> | Nakshatra Mall, Dadar (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Maison Jio World Plaza, BKC<br /> |-<br /> | Neelyog, Ghatkopar (E)<br /> |-<br /> | R-City Mall, Ghatkopar (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Raghuleela Mall, Vashi<br /> |-<br /> | Palm Beach Galleria Mall, Vashi<br /> |-<br /> | Megaplex Inorbit Mall, Malad<br /> |-<br /> | Thakur Movie, Kandivali (E)<br /> |-<br /> | Raghuleela Mall, Kandivali (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Thakur Mall, Dahisar<br /> |-<br /> | Korum Mall, Eastern Express Highway, Thane<br /> |-<br /> | Insignia at R Mall, Thane<br /> |-<br /> |Sky City Mall, Western Express Highway, Borivali (E)<br /> |-<br /> | Metro Mall Junction, Kalyan (E)<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;11&quot; | [[Miraj Cinemas]] || Anupam Cinemas, Goregaon (E) || rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |<br /> |-<br /> |Miraj IMAX, Wadala<br /> |-<br /> | Thakur Cinemas, Kandivali (E)<br /> |-<br /> | R Mall, Mulund (W)<br /> |-<br /> | V Cinemas, Dombivali<br /> |-<br /> | Cineraj Cinemas, Panvel<br /> |-<br /> | Dattani Cinemas, Vasai<br /> |-<br /> | Fun Fiesta Cinemas, Nallasopara<br /> |-<br /> | Star, Ambarnath<br /> |-<br /> | Funcity, Ulhasnagar<br /> |-<br /> | Ashok Anil Multiplex, Miraj Cinemas, Ulhasnagar<br /> |-<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;9&quot;| [[Moviemax]] || Moviemax Sion || Rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |<br /> |-<br /> | Moviemax Huma, Kanjurmarg<br /> |-<br /> | Moviemax Andheri (E)<br /> |-<br /> | Moviemax Goregaon (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Moviemax Sona Shopping Center, Kandivali (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Moviemax Wonder Mall, Thane (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Moviemax Eternity Mall, Thane (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Moviemax Mira Road<br /> |-<br /> | Moviemax V Cinema, Virar (E)<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | [[Cinépolis]] || Fun Republic Mall, Andheri (W) || rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |<br /> |-<br /> | Magnet Mall, Bhandup (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Seawoods Nexus Mall, Navi Mumbai<br /> |-<br /> | Cinema Star: High Street Mall, Thane<br /> |-<br /> | Viviana Mall, Thane<br /> |-<br /> |K Star Mall, Chembur (E)<br /> |-<br /> | VIP Viviana Mall, Thane<br /> |-<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;6&quot;| [[Mukta A2 Cinemas]] || New Excelsior, Fort || Rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-cm/mukta-arts-launches-newly-acquired-suncity-multiplex-118061500440_1.html|title= Mukta Arts launches newly acquired Suncity Multiplex|date= 15 June 2018|publisher=business-standard.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2019/aug/8/21959/mukta-a2-cinemas-launches-its-latest-property-orion/amp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127122823/https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2019/aug/8/21959/mukta-a2-cinemas-launches-its-latest-property-orion/amp|url-status=live|archive-date=27 January 2022|title= Mukta A2 Cinemas launches its latest property, Orion|date= 8 August 2019|publisher=cinestaan.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/reel/828977/hope-for-mumbais-single-screen-cinemas-after-new-excelsior-gets-a-shiny-makeover|title= Hope for Mumbai's single screen cinemas after New Excelsior gets a shiny makeover|date= 10 February 2017|publisher=scroll.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | Roxy Cinema, Charni Road<br /> |-<br /> | Jai Hind, Lalbaug<br /> |-<br /> | Orion, Santacruz<br /> |-<br /> | Suncity, Vile Parle<br /> |-<br /> | Topiwala, Goregaon<br /> |-<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;5&quot;| Gold Cinema || Gold Cinema (Old Hindmata Cinema), Dadar (E) || Rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/hindmata-hall-gets-a-digital-makeover-to-open-on-june-28/|title=Hindmata hall gets a digital makeover, to open on June 28|date= 26 June 2014|publisher=indianexpress.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | Gold Cinema, Santacruz (W) <br /> |-<br /> | Gold Cinema, Malad Malvani <br /> |-<br /> | Sona, Borivali (E)<br /> |-<br /> | Gold Cinema (Old Prabhat Cinema), Shivaji Road, Thane <br /> |-<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;5&quot;| [[MovieTime Cinemas]] || Star City, Matunga (W) (Old Baadal-Barkha-Bijli Cinema) || Rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |<br /> |-<br /> | Suburbia, Bandra (W)<br /> |-<br /> | Cubic Mall, Dr CG Road, Chembur (E) <br /> |-<br /> | The Hub, Goregaon<br /> |-<br /> | Movie Time, Malad<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[Carnival Cinemas]] (Temporary Closed)<br /> | Carnival Moviestar, Goregaon<br /> | rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |<br /> |-<br /> | Carnival Dream Mall, Vasai<br /> |-<br /> | Carnival Annex Mall, Borivali<br /> |-<br /> |Carnival IMAX, Wadala<br /> |-<br /> | Carnival Harmony Mall, Oshiwara<br /> |-<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;3&quot;| Maxus Cinemas || Sakinaka || Rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |<br /> |-<br /> | Borivali (W) <br /> |-<br /> | Bhayander<br /> |-<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| BMX Cinemas (Balaji Movieplex) || Koparkhairane || Rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |<br /> |-<br /> | Littleworld, Kharghar<br /> |-<br /> | [[Sterling Cineplex]] || Fort || |<br /> |-<br /> | G7 Multiplex || Bandra (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Bharat Cineplex || Kurla (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Fun Cinemas || K Star Mall, Chembur (E) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;1&quot;| Rajhans Cinemas || Rajhans Helix (Old Shreyas Cinema),[[Lal Bahadur Shastri Marg]], Ghatkopar (W) || rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |<br /> |-<br /> | Fun Square Cinema || Sanpada || |<br /> |-<br /> | NY Cinemas || (Old Jai Ganesh Talkies) Mulund (E) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Rassaz Multiplex || Mira Road || |<br /> |-<br /> | Tilak Cineplex || (Old Pooja Cinema) Dombivali (E) || |<br /> |-<br /> | SM5 Cinema || Kalyan || |<br /> |-<br /> | KT Vision Cinema Screens || Vasai (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Rockstar Nova Cinemaz || Virar (W) || |<br /> |-<br /> | Max Movies Centurion Mall (Temporary Closed) || Nerul ||<br /> |-<br /> | Cinemax Spring Mall (Temporary Closed) || Kalyan ||<br /> |-<br /> | Glomax Mall (Permanently Closed) || Kharghar || |<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == 4DX ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> ! width=&quot;21%&quot; | Cinema<br /> ! Location <br /> ! Ref. <br /> |- valign=&quot;top&quot;<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Cinépolis]] || Viviana Mall, Thane West (4DX) ||<br /> &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/cinepolis-launches-india-s-first-4dx-movie-screen-114112000675_1.html|title=<br /> Cinepolis launches India's first 4DX movie screen|date= 21 November 2014|publisher=business-standard.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | Nexus Mall, Seawoods (4DX)<br /> |-<br /> | Rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| [[PVR Cinemas|PVR]] || Phoenix Market City, Kurla (4DX) || Rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/pvr-launches-first-4dx-screen-in-bengaluru-mumbai-117060900986_1.html|title=PVR launches first 4DX screen in Bengaluru, Mumbai|date= 9 June 2017|publisher=business-standard.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | Cinemax, Infiniti Mall, Malad (4DX)<br /> |-<br /> | [[INOX Leisure Limited|INOX]] || Inorbit Mall, Malad (4DX)<br /> INOX R city,<br /> Metro INOX Cinemas , Marine Lines ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/entertainment/first-mx4d-theatre-opens-at-inox-at-inorbit-mall-in-mumbai-s-malad-119040200719_1.html|title=First MX4D theatre opens at INOX at Inorbit Mall in Mumbai's Malad|date= 2 April 2019|publisher=business-standard.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Mumbai topics}}<br /> [[Category:Culture of Mumbai| ]]<br /> [[Category:Cinemas in Mumbai|*]]<br /> [[Category:Mumbai-related lists|Cinemas]]<br /> [[Category:Lists of cinemas in India|Mumbai]]<br /> [[Category:Lists of buildings and structures in Maharashtra|Cinemas]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nurjahan_Begum&diff=471111 2026-02-07T01:22:46Z

<p>Igorcaf: small improved section to improve readability and added references</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Bangladeshi women journalists}}<br /> {{other people|Nurjahan|Noor Jahan (disambiguation){{!}}Noor Jahan}}<br /> {{infobox person<br /> | name = Nurjahan Begum<br /> | native_name = নূরজাহান বেগম<br /> | native_name_lang = bn<br /> | image = NurjahanBegum.jpg<br /> | caption = Begum in 1946<br /> | birth_name = Nurun Nahar<br /> | other_names = Nuri<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date|1925|6|4|df=y}}<br /> | birth_place = [[Chandpur District]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|2016|05|23|1925|06|04|df=y}}<br /> | awards = [[Ekushey Padak]]<br /> | occupation = Magazine editor<br /> | father = [[Mohammad Nasiruddin]]<br /> | spouse = [[Rokanuzzaman Khan]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Nurjahan Begum''' (4 June 1925 – 23 May 2016) was the first female journalist in Bangladesh and a trailblazer for female journalists in South Asia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/nurjahan-begums-90th-birthday-today-91963|title=Nurjahan Begum's 90th birthday today|date=June 4, 2015|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Begum was awarded [[Ekushey Padak]] in 2011 by the Government of Bangladesh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2011/02/14/13-named-for-ekushey-padak|title=13 named for Ekushey Padak|date=February 14, 2011|newspaper=bdnews24.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; She served as the editor of ''[[Begum (magazine)|Begum]]'' magazine.<br /> <br /> ==Career==<br /> Begum was the daughter of [[Mohammad Nasiruddin]], journalist and founder of ''[[Saogat]]'' and ''[[Begum (magazine)|Begum]]'' magazines.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-36359874|title=Bangladesh's first female journalist, Nurjahan Begum, dies at 91|work=BBC News|date=23 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Upon [[Begum Rokeya]]'s request, she was admitted to Sakhawat Memorial School at Baby Class.&lt;ref name=becoming&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/wide-angle/bangladesh/the-becoming-nurjahan-begum-1226908|title=The becoming of Nurjahan Begum|date=2016-05-20|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-15|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The first issue of ''Begum'' magazine was published on 20 July 1947. For the first four months, Nurjahan worked as the acting editor of the magazine helping the editor poet [[Begum Sufia Kamal]] with collecting, editing and selecting writings for the issues.&lt;ref name=becoming/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Personal life and legacy==<br /> Begum was married to [[Rokanuzzaman Khan]]. Together they had two daughters, Flora Nasreen Khan and Rina Yasmin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Mohammad Amjad Hossain |date=31 May 2016 |title=Remembering Nurjahan Begum |url=http://www.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/views/remembering-nurjahan-begum |work=The Financial Express |location=Dhaka}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=becoming/&gt; Her granddaughter, Priota Iftekhar, is a travel vlogger - manages an online community ''The Flag Girl'', and served as the brand ambassador for [[Bangladesh Tourism Corporation]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-03-26 |title=Priota: The girl who parades the Bangladeshi flag around the world |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/splash/priota-girl-who-parades-bangladeshi-flag-around-world-391398 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=The Business Standard |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; She made a documentary film on Begum's 91st birth anniversary, titled ''“Nurjahan Begum – Itihaaser Kingbadanti Nari.”''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-06-07 |title=Today's women owe it to Nurjahan Begum |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/todays-women-owe-it-nurjahan-begum-1235623 |access-date=2022-08-09 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2016-06-06 |title=Nurjahan Begum Remembered|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/event/nurjahan-begum-remembered-1235014 |access-date=2022-08-09 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Awards==<br /> * [[Ekushey Padak]] (2011)<br /> * [[Anannya Literature Award]] ([[Bengali calendars|Bengali year]] 1409)<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Begum, Nurjahan}}<br /> [[Category:1925 births]]<br /> [[Category:2016 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:People from Chandpur District]]<br /> [[Category:Bangladeshi women journalists]]<br /> [[Category:Recipients of the Ekushey Padak]]<br /> [[Category:Honorary Fellows of Bangla Academy]]<br /> [[Category:Recipients of the Begum Rokeya Padak]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Bangladeshi journalists]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Bangladesh-journalist-stub}}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aga_Aga_Sunbai_Kay_Mhanta_Sasubai%3F&diff=484777 2026-01-26T17:39:25Z

<p>Igorcaf: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Marathi-language comedy television series}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=June 2023}}<br /> <br /> {{Distinguish|Aga Aga Sunbai! Kay Mhantay Sasubai? (film)}}{{Infobox television<br /> | image = Aga Aga Sunbai Kay Mhanta Sasubai,jpg.webp<br /> | image_size =<br /> | company = Kanha's Magic<br /> | last_aired = {{End date|2023|05|27|df=y}}<br /> | first_aired = {{Start date|2022|12|21|df=y}}<br /> | network = [[Zee Marathi]]<br /> | num_episodes = 98<br /> | language = Marathi<br /> | num_seasons = <br /> | editor = <br /> | theme_music_composer = <br /> | opentheme = <br /> | endtheme = <br /> | writer = <br /> | producer = Manjiri Bhave<br /> | country = India<br /> | director = <br /> | starring = [[#Cast|See below]]<br /> | genre = [[Comedy]]&lt;br&gt;[[Drama]]<br /> | caption = <br /> | location = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India<br /> | camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]<br /> | runtime = 22 minutes <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Aga Aga Sunbai Kay Mhanta Sasubai?''''' ({{translation|Hey Daughter-in-law, What do you say Mother-in-law?}}) is an Indian [[Marathi language]] comedy show which aired on [[Zee Marathi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=शेर सासूबाईंच्या नशिबी सव्वाशेर सूनबाई...; 'अगं अगं सूनबाई, काय म्हणता सासूबाई' लवकरच प्रेक्षकांच्या भेटीला|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/the-new-marathi-serial-aga-aga-sunbai-kay-mhanta-sasubai-will-soon-come-to-the-audience-1123338/amp|access-date=2022-12-26|website=[[ABP Majha]]|language=mr}}&lt;/ref&gt; It starred [[Sukanya Kulkarni]] and [[Swanandi Tikekar]] in lead roles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Lokmanya and Aga Aga Sunbai Kay Mhanta Sasubai to replace Fu Bai Fu on Zee Marathi|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/lokmanya-and-aga-aga-sunbai-kay-mhanta-sasubai-to-replace-fu-bai-fu-on-zee-marathi-6589753.html|access-date=2022-12-26|website=[[News18]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is produced by Manjiri Bhave under the banner of ''Kanha's Magic''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=छोट्या पडद्यावर पुन्हा एकदा पाहता येणार सासू सुनेची जुगलबंदी; नवी मालिका लवकरच प्रेक्षकांच्या भेटीला|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan/television/zee-marathi-shared-new-serial-ag-ag-sunbai-kay-mhanta-sasubai-featuring-sukanya-mone-and-swanandi-tikekar-spg-93-3285465/lite/|access-date=2022-12-26|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}&lt;/ref&gt; The show premiered from 21 December 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=घराघरात घडणाऱ्या सासू सूनांच्या भांडणांना विनोदाचा आरसा; नवी मालिका प्रेक्षकांच्या भेटीला|url=https://marathi.hindustantimes.com/amp/entertainment/zee-marathi-upcoming-serial-aga-aga-sunbai-kay-mhanta-sasubai-141669095503067.html|access-date=2022-12-26|website=Hindustan Times Marathi|language=mr}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Plot ==<br /> A sarcastic and humorous portrayal of the love-hate relationship between Sarita, a dominating mother-in-law and Ankita, her boisterous daughter-in-law.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Swanandi Tikekar and Sukanya Mone's new show Agga Agga Sunbai Kay Mhanta Sasubai set to launch soon - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/swanandi-tikekar-and-sukanya-mones-new-show-agga-agga-sunbai-kay-mhanta-sasubai-set-to-launch-soon/articleshow/95682047.cms|access-date=2022-12-26|website=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Cast ==<br /> * [[Sukanya Kulkarni]] as Sarita Madhav Mantri<br /> * [[Swanandi Tikekar]] as Ankita Shantanu Mantri<br /> * Sanchit Chaudhari as Shantanu Madhav Mantri (Pilu)<br /> * Milind Phatak as Madhav Mantri<br /> * Ronak Shinde as Raunak Madhav Mantri<br /> * Mrudula Kulkarni as Madhushree<br /> * Rama Nadgauda as Sulu Aaji<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> === Special episode (1 hour) ===<br /> * 29 January 2023&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Agga Agga Sunbai Kay Mhanta Sasubai Mahaepisode: Sukanya Mone performs Mujra to pay tribute to veteran actress Rekha - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/agga-agga-sunbai-kay-mhanta-sasubai-mahaepisode-sukanya-mone-performs-mujra-to-pay-tribute-to-veteran-actress-rekha/articleshow/97415606.cms |access-date=2023-02-11 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * 19 February 2023&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=स्वानंदी टिकेकरला मिळणार सुकन्या कुलकर्णींची साथ, &quot;अगं अगं सूनबाई काय म्हणता सासूबाई?&quot; लवकरच प्रेक्षकांच्या भेटीला|url=https://www.lokmat.com/filmy/television/swanandi-tikekar-and-sukanya-mones-new-serial-aga-aga-sunbai-kay-mhanta-sasubai-a592/|access-date=2022-12-26|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [https://www.zee5.com/tv-shows/details/aga-aga-sunbai-kay-mhanta-sasubai/0-6-4z5266061 ''Aga Aga Sunbai Kay Mhanta Sasubai?''] at [[ZEE5]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Marathi-language television shows]]<br /> [[Category:2022 Indian television series debuts]]<br /> [[Category:Zee Marathi original programming]]<br /> [[Category:2023 Indian television series endings]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=2009_elections_in_India&diff=446918 2026-01-15T14:45:24Z

<p>Igorcaf: minor changes</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|none}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}<br /> {{Infobox Indian elections<br /> | year = 2009<br /> | type = <br /> | incumbent_pm = [[Manmohan Singh]] (&lt;span style=&quot;color:{{Party colour|United Progressive Alliance}}&quot;&gt;[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]&lt;/span&gt;)<br /> | next_lok_sabha = [[15th Lok Sabha|15th]]<br /> | rajya_control =[[Indian National Congress]]<br /> | rajya_seats_contested = TBD <br /> | rajya_net_change =TBD<br /> | rajya_map =<br /> | rajya_map_caption =<br /> | lok_control =<br /> | lok_seats_contested = 543<br /> | lok_net_change =<br /> | lok_map =<br /> | lok_map_caption =<br /> | states_contested = 7<br /> | state_net_change =TBD <br /> | state_map =<br /> | state_map_caption =<br /> | website = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''2009 elections in India''' includes [[2009 Indian general election|the general election]] and elections to the [[Rajya Sabha]], to [[Legislative Assembly elections in India|state legislative assemblies]], to [[Panchayati raj in India|Panchayats]] and [[Municipal governance in India|urban local bodies]].<br /> <br /> ==General election==<br /> <br /> {{main|2009 Indian general election}}<br /> A national election occurred between 16 April and 13 May 2009, to constitute the [[2009 Indian general election|''15th Lok Sabha'']].<br /> <br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> |-<br /> !Date*<br /> !Election<br /> !colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Government before<br /> !Prime Minister before election <br /> !colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Government after<br /> !Elected Prime Minister <br /> |-<br /> |16 April – 13 May 2009<br /> |[[2009 Indian general election|Lok Sabha]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|United Progressive Alliance}}<br /> |[[Manmohan Singh]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|United Progressive Alliance}}<br /> |[[Manmohan Singh]]<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Lok Sabha by-elections ==<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> !S.No<br /> !Date<br /> !Constituency<br /> !State/UT<br /> !MP before election<br /> !colspan=2|Party before election<br /> !Reason<br /> !Elected MP<br /> !colspan=2|Party after election<br /> |-<br /> !1<br /> |7 November 2009<br /> |[[Firozabad Lok Sabha constituency|Firozabad]]<br /> |[[Uttar Pradesh]]<br /> |[[Akhilesh Yadav]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Samajwadi Party}}<br /> |Retained [[Kannauj Lok Sabha constituency|Kannauj]] and vacated [[Firozabad Lok Sabha constituency|Firozabad]]<br /> |[[Raj Babbar]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Legislative Assembly elections==<br /> Indian media reporting indicate elections for the following state legislative assemblies held in 2009.<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> |-<br /> !Date(s)<br /> !State<br /> !colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Government before<br /> !Chief Minister before<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Government after<br /> !Elected Chief Minister<br /> !Maps<br /> |-<br /> |rowspan=2|16 April 2009 &amp; 23 April 2009<br /> |[[2009 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy]]<br /> |[[File:IN-AP.svg|50px]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2009 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|Odisha]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Biju Janata Dal}}<br /> |[[Naveen Patnaik]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Biju Janata Dal}}<br /> |[[Naveen Patnaik]]<br /> |[[File:IN-OD.svg|50px]]<br /> |- <br /> |30 April 2009<br /> |[[2009 Sikkim Legislative Assembly election|Sikkim]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Sikkim Democratic Front}}<br /> |[[Pawan Kumar Chamling]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Sikkim Democratic Front}}<br /> |[[Pawan Kumar Chamling]]<br /> |[[File:IN-SK.svg|50px]]<br /> |- <br /> |rowspan=4|13 October 2009<br /> |[[2009 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Arunachal Pradesh]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Dorjee Khandu]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Dorjee Khandu]]<br /> |[[File:IN-AR.svg|50px]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[2009 Haryana Legislative Assembly election|Haryana]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Bhupinder Singh Hooda]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Bhupinder Singh Hooda]]<br /> |[[File:IN-HR.svg|50px]]<br /> |-<br /> |rowspan=2|[[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|Maharashtra]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Ashok Chavan]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Ashok Chavan]]<br /> |rowspan=2|[[File:IN-MH.svg|50px]]<br /> |-<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Nationalist Congress Party}}<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Nationalist Congress Party}}<br /> |- <br /> |rowspan=2|25 November 2009 - 18 December 2009<br /> |rowspan=2|[[2009 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|Jharkhand]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Independent|rowspan=2}}<br /> |rowspan=2|[[Madhu Koda]]<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}<br /> |rowspan=2|[[Shibu Soren]]<br /> |rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:IN-JH.svg|50px]]<br /> |-<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Legislative assembly by elections==<br /> ===Jammu and Kashmir===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> |+ Results by constituency |<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Assembly Constituency<br /> !Turnout <br /> ! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Winner<br /> ! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Runner Up<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; data-sort-type=number |Margin<br /> |-<br /> ! #k<br /> ! Names<br /> !%<br /> ! Candidate<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Party<br /> ! data-sort-type=number | Votes<br /> !%<br /> ! Candidate<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Party<br /> ! data-sort-type=number | Votes<br /> !%<br /> |-<br /> |1||[[Hazratbal Assembly constituency|Hazratbal]]||19.89%||[[Sheikh Mustafa Kamal]]||{{party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir National Conference}}||8,555||49.25%||[[Asiya Naqash]]||{{party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party}}||7,003||1.04%||style=&quot;background:{{party color|Jammu and Kashmir National Conference}}&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;'''1,552'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2||[[Bhaderwah Assembly constituency|Bhaderwah]]||56.49%||Mohammed Sharief Niaz||{{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}||21,966||36.13%||[[Daleep Singh Parihar]]||{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}||19,219||.76%||style=&quot;background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;'''2,747'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |3||[[Sonawar Assembly constituency|Sonawar]]||28.42%||[[Mohammad Yasin Shah]]||{{party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir National Conference}}||9,306||5.67%||Mohammed Ashraf Mir||{{party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party}}||9,256||47.04%||style=&quot;background:{{party color|Jammu and Kashmir National Conference}}&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;'''50'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===[[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly|Jharkhand]]===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> !S.No<br /> !Date<br /> !Constituency<br /> !MLA before election<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party before election<br /> !Elected MLA<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party after election<br /> |-<br /> !58<br /> |08 January 2009<br /> |[[Tamar Assembly constituency|Tamar]]<br /> |Ramesh Singh Munda<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)|dab=yes}}<br /> |Gopal Krishna Patar<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Jharkhand Party}}<br /> |}<br /> ===[[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly|Meghalaya]]===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> !S.No<br /> !Date<br /> !Constituency<br /> !MLA before election<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party before election<br /> !Elected MLA<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party after election<br /> |-<br /> !09<br /> |26 February 2009<br /> |[[Umroi Assembly constituency|Umroi]]<br /> |[[E. K. Mawlong]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)}}<br /> |Stanlywiss Rymbai<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===[[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|Tamil Nadu]]===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> !S.No<br /> !Date<br /> !Constituency<br /> !MLA before election<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party before election<br /> !Elected MLA<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party after election<br /> |-<br /> |137<br /> |09 January 2009<br /> |[[Thirumangalam Assembly constituency|Thirumangalam]]<br /> |[[Veera Elavarasu]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |[[Latha Athiyaman]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ===[[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Uttar Pradesh]]===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> !S.No<br /> !Date<br /> !Constituency<br /> !MLA before election<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party before election<br /> !Elected MLA<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party after election<br /> |-<br /> |45<br /> |rowspan=6|7 November 2009<br /> |[[Powayan Assembly constituency|Powayan]]<br /> |Mithlesh Kumar <br /> |{{Full party name with color|Samajwadi Party}}<br /> |Dhirendra Prasad<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}<br /> |-<br /> |86<br /> |[[Lucknow West Assembly constituency|Lucknow West]]<br /> |[[Lalji Tandon]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |Shyam Kishore Shukla<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |-<br /> |181<br /> |[[Padrauna Assembly constituency|Padrauna]]<br /> |[[Ratanjit Pratap Narain Singh]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |[[Swami Prasad Maurya]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Bahujan Samaj Party|rowspan=4}}<br /> |-<br /> |239<br /> |Rari<br /> |Dhananjay Singh <br /> |{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}<br /> |Rajdeo Singh <br /> |-<br /> |288<br /> |[[Etawah Assembly constituency|Etawah]]<br /> |Mahendra Singh Rajput<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Samajwadi Party|rowspan=2}}<br /> |Mahendra Singh Rajput<br /> |-<br /> |290<br /> |[[Bharthana Assembly constituency|Bharthana]]<br /> |[[Mulayam Singh Yadav]]<br /> |Shiv Prasad Yadav <br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|West Bengal]] ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;<br /> !S.No<br /> !Date<br /> !Constituency<br /> !MLA before election<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party before election<br /> !Elected MLA<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party after election<br /> |-<br /> !206<br /> |05 January 2010<br /> |[[Nandigram Assembly constituency|Nandigram]]<br /> |[[Sheikh Mohammad Illias]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|dab=yes}}<br /> |[[Phiroja Bibi]]<br /> |{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Navin Chawla]]<br /> *[[N. Gopalaswami]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Commons}}<br /> *[http://eci.nic.in Election Commission of India]<br /> <br /> {{Indian elections}}<br /> {{Legislatures of India}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2009 elections in India]]<br /> [[Category:2009 elections in Asia|India]]<br /> [[Category:2009 in India]]<br /> [[Category:Elections in India by year]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhimnali_massacre&diff=450862 2026-01-11T15:55:09Z

<p>Igorcaf: General cleanup and content improvements</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|1971 Bangladesh genocide}}<br /> {{Infobox civilian attack<br /> | title = Bhimnali massacre &lt;br/&gt;ভীমনলী হত্যাকান্ড<br /> | partof = [[Bangladesh genocide]]<br /> | image = <br /> | alt = <br /> | caption = <br /> | map = {{Location map|Bangladesh|lat=22.22|long=89.94|caption=}}<br /> | map_caption = <br /> | location = Bhimnali, Barisal, Bangladesh<br /> | target = [[Bengali Hindus]]<br /> | coordinates = <br /> | date = 22 May 1971<br /> | time = <br /> | timezone = UTC+6:00<br /> | type = <br /> | fatalities = 15<br /> | injuries = <br /> | perps = [[East Pakistan Central Peace Committee|Peace Committee]]<br /> | weapons = [[Firearm]]s<br /> | numparts = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''Bhimnali Massacre''' was a massacre of 15 [[Bengali Hindus]] in Bhimnali, Barisal by Pakistani forces. On 22 May 1971 local collaborators attacked the village of Nali in [[Barisal District]] of [[Bangladesh]]. The Bengali Hindu villagers resisted with spears and shields. However, they were soon overpowered by the collaborators, who shot dead 15 villagers.&lt;ref name=&quot;majumder16122013&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.mathbariaprotidin.com/2013/12/blog-post_3961.html|script-title=bn:মঠবাড়িয়ার ভীমনলীর সম্মুখযুদ্ধ: উপেক্ষিত এক মুক্তিসংগ্রাম|last=Majumder|first=Devdas|date=16 December 2013|work=Mathbaria Protidin|language=Bengali|access-date=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053157/http://www.mathbariaprotidin.com/2013/12/blog-post_3961.html|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;kk15122014&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.kalerkantho.com/print_edition/?view=details&amp;type=gold&amp;data=Tax&amp;pub_no=1092&amp;cat_id=1&amp;menu_id=56&amp;news_type_id=1&amp;index=11&amp;archiev=yes&amp;arch_date=15-12-2012#.VJW1JV4AFA|script-title=bn:অবহেলা-অযত্নে পড়ে আছে ১৫ শহীদের গণসমাধি|date=15 December 2012|work=Kaler Kantho|language=Bengali|access-date=20 December 2014|location=Dhaka|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221207/http://www.kalerkantho.com/print_edition/?view=details&amp;type=gold&amp;data=Tax&amp;pub_no=1092&amp;cat_id=1&amp;menu_id=56&amp;news_type_id=1&amp;index=11&amp;archiev=yes&amp;arch_date=15-12-2012#.VJW1JV4AFA|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;majumder26032014&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.mathbariaprotidin.com/2014/03/blog-post_7497.html|script-title=bn:মঠবাড়িয়ার সূর্যমণি ও ভীমনলীর|last=Majumder|first=Devdas|date=26 March 2014|work=Mathbaria Protidin|language=Bengali|access-date=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102124054/http://www.mathbariaprotidin.com/2014/03/blog-post_7497.html|archive-date=2 January 2015|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Background ==<br /> The village of Bhimnali presently falls under Sapleja Union of [[Mathbaria Upazila]] in [[Pirojpur District]] of [[Bangladesh]]. In 1971, Mathabaria police station fell under the Pirojpur sub-division of Bakerganj district. The village of Bhimnali or Nali Bhim or simply Nali is situated by the Nali canal. It is located 18&amp;nbsp;km from the Mathbaria Upazila headquarters. In 1971, it was a predominantly Bengali Hindu village. There were 80 Bengali Hindu families settled along the [[Water and Power Development Authority|WAPDA]] embankment.<br /> <br /> During the Bangladesh Liberation War, the communication to the village was seriously affected. It was practically cut off from the rest of the country, and so it was frequented by the freedom fighters. Many Bengali Hindus from the nearby villages took refuge in Bhimnali. On 16 May, at a public rally, Abdul Jabbar Engineer declared that the freedom fighters, Awami League workers and Hindus were the enemies of Pakistan and should be destroyed. Immediately after the rally, the crowd attacked Kalupara and Nathpara, the Hindu quarters of [[Tushkhali]] village.<br /> <br /> == Killings ==<br /> On 22 May at around 10 am, a group of around 500 armed collaborators surrounded the village. Sensing danger, the villagers gathered at the homestead of the Barui family. As the collaborators approached the village, around 200 Bengali Hindus armed themselves with sticks, spears and shields and took up position on the WAPDA dam. As the collaborators opened fire on them, they tried to defend themselves with shields. Fifteen were shot dead and the rest retreated. Abdul Jabbar Engineer himself shot dead Sakhanath Kharati on the spot. One collaborator named Lalu Khan was killed. The collaborators dragged the dead bodies of the villagers and threw them into the canal. After the killings, the collaborators looted the 80 Bengali Hindu households and set them on fire.<br /> <br /> == Aftermath ==<br /> After the massacre many Bengali Hindus were forced to leave the village. After the liberation of Bangladesh, the families returned to their homes. On 19 April 1972, one of the survivors, named Yajneshwar Barui, filed a lawsuit at the sub-divisional court at Pirojpur. The lawsuit named 259 collaborators, with Abdul Jabbar Engineer as the prime accused. Six months later, Barui was picked up by unidentified miscreants at night and shot dead. Another villager, named Binod Bihari Barui, who had defended the village during the attack, was strangulated to death. Later the lawsuit went missing from the court as well as the police station.<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{1971 Bangladesh genocide|state=expanded}}<br /> <br /> {{Coord|22.22|N|89.94|E|display=title}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Bangladesh genocide]]<br /> [[Category:Massacres in 1971]]<br /> [[Category:Massacres of Bengali Hindus in East Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Massacres committed by Pakistan in East Pakistan]]<br /> [[Category:Persecution of Hindus by Muslims]]<br /> [[Category:May 1971 in Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Residential building arson attacks in Bangladesh]]<br /> [[Category:Arson in 1971]]<br /> [[Category:1970s fires in Asia]]<br /> [[Category:Attacks on buildings and structures in 1971]]<br /> [[Category:1971 mass shootings in Asia]]<br /> [[Category:Mass shootings in Bangladesh]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agent_Vinod_(soundtrack)&diff=484832 2026-01-10T23:51:03Z

<p>Igorcaf: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox album<br /> | name = Agent Vinod<br /> | type = Soundtrack<br /> | artist = [[Pritam]]<br /> | cover = Agent Vinod (soundtrack).jpg<br /> | alt = <br /> | released = 17 February 2012<br /> | recorded = 2011{{ndash}}2012<br /> | venue = <br /> | studio = <br /> | genre = [[Film soundtrack]]<br /> | length = 51:24<br /> | language = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<br /> | label = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]<br /> | producer = [[Pritam]]<br /> | prev_title = [[Players (2012 soundtrack)|Players]]<br /> | prev_year = 2012<br /> | next_title = [[Jannat 2]]<br /> | next_year = 2012<br /> }}<br /> '''''Agent Vinod''''' is the [[soundtrack album]] to the 2012 film [[Agent Vinod (2012 film)|of the same name]] directed by [[Sriram Raghavan]] and starred [[Saif Ali Khan]] and [[Kareena Kapoor Khan|Kareena Kapoor]]. The film's soundtrack were composed by [[Pritam]] with lyrics written by [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]] and [[Neelesh Misra]]. The album was released under the [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]] label on 17 February 2012 and received mixed reviews from critics.<br /> <br /> == Development ==<br /> Pritam composed the soundtrack to ''Agent Vinod'' in his first collaboration with Sriram Raghavan. The track &quot;I'll Do the Talking Tonight&quot; is a partial [[Interpolation (popular music)|interpolation]] of the popular 1978 song &quot;[[Rasputin (song)|Rasputin]]&quot;, composed by the German disco group [[Boney M.]] which in turn, was an uncredited interpolation from &quot;[[Kâtibim]]&quot;, an [[Turkish folk music|Ottoman folk song]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last= |first= |date=3 February 2012 |title=Pritam buys Boney M's Rasputin's rights |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-03/news-and-interviews/31020855_1_song-music-composer-shridhar-subramaniam |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140204054848/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-03/news-and-interviews/31020855_1_song-music-composer-shridhar-subramaniam |archive-date=2014-02-04 |access-date=6 February 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pritam acquired the rights for the song, as he had to compose a [[nightclub]] song which should have a universal appeal, and the rendition of &quot;Rasputin&quot; was part of the nightclub sequence.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Amitabh Bhattacharya's lyrics also shared similarities to the evergreen hit &quot;[[Dum Maro Dum (song)|Dum Maro Dum]]&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> The song &quot;[[Raabta (song)|Raabta]]&quot; had four versions.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=2012-03-12 |title=Raabta: A classic composition |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/watch-raabta-from-agent-vinod/238494-8-66.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314000517/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/watch-raabta-from-agent-vinod/238494-8-66.html |archive-date=2012-03-14 |access-date=2012-03-13 |publisher=[[IBNLive.com]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; The original version is solely sung by [[Arijit Singh]], but it was not used in the film.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The &quot;Night in a Motel&quot; version of &quot;Raabta&quot; is featured in the film, sung by Singh and [[Aditi Singh Sharma]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Khan |first=Mohd Salman |date=26 October 2012 |title=Music directors are like film stars: Aditi Singh Sharma |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Music-directors-are-like-film-stars-Aditi-Singh-Sharma/articleshow/16951831.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919103058/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Music-directors-are-like-film-stars-Aditi-Singh-Sharma/articleshow/16951831.cms |archive-date=19 September 2015 |access-date=16 December 2014 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Two other versions—&quot;Siyaah Raatein&quot; and &quot;Kehte Hain Khuda Ne&quot;—was rendered by Shreya Ghoshal, Hamsika Iyer and Joi Barua with Singh. Each version of the track varies in duration, lyrics and musical arrangements.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The &quot;Night in a Motel&quot; version was incorrectly credited to Hamsika Iyer in the CD liner notes,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media notes |last=Pritam |title=Agent Vinod |date=17 February 2012 |author-link=Pritam |id=B097DY696J}}&lt;/ref&gt; while Aditi's name was used in the credits for the digital album.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-02-17 |title=Agent Vinod (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/agent-vinod-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1117419889 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706132846/https://music.apple.com/in/album/agent-vinod-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1117419889 |archive-date=2023-07-06 |access-date=2025-03-28 |website=[[Apple Music]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; The song &quot;[[Pyaar ki Pungi]]&quot; was described as a cheeky and fun number, with lyrics that referenced of the story of [[Laila and Majnu]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Scroll.in&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Ghosh |first=Devarsi |date=22 August 2017 |title='Laila' down the years in Hindi film music: From Majnu's inseparable lover to a weapon |url=https://scroll.in/reel/847924/laila-down-the-years-in-hindi-film-music-from-majnus-inseparable-lover-to-a-weapon |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703115735/https://scroll.in/reel/847924/laila-down-the-years-in-hindi-film-music-from-majnus-inseparable-lover-to-a-weapon |archive-date=3 July 2018 |accessdate=30 September 2019 |work=[[Scroll.in]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Upon release, the song was topping the music charts according to ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'',''&lt;ref name=&quot;WSJ&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Sahni |first1=Diksha |date=22 March 2012 |title='Agent Vinod' Song in Copyright Trouble |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2012/03/22/agent-vinod-song-in-copyright-trouble/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930090823/https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2012/03/22/agent-vinod-song-in-copyright-trouble/ |archive-date=30 September 2019 |accessdate=30 September 2019 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;'' while ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' and ''[[India Today]]'' considered it to be a chartbuster.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hindustan Times&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=13 March 2012 |title=Make way for Pyaar Ki Pungi |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/make-way-for-pyaar-ki-pungi/story-yA7VTXlqYD0Rl5AxHgFZLO.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007083710/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/make-way-for-pyaar-ki-pungi/story-yA7VTXlqYD0Rl5AxHgFZLO.html |archive-date=7 October 2019 |accessdate=7 October 2019 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=14 March 2012 |title=Now Mika wants to lend voice for Amitabh, Aamir |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/pop-singer-mika-singh-mikas-song-for-agent-vinod-95938-2012-03-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007095444/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/pop-singer-mika-singh-mikas-song-for-agent-vinod-95938-2012-03-14 |archive-date=7 October 2019 |accessdate=7 October 2019 |work=[[India Today]] |language=en |agency=IANS}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The film version of &quot;Dil Mera Muft Ka&quot; was not included in the soundtrack. Similarly, the song &quot;Govind Bolo Gopal Bolo&quot; was not included in the soundtrack as well.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=K. Jha |first=Subhash |author-link=Subhash K. Jha |date=2012-03-28 |title=Saif spared no expense in making 'Agent Vinod': Sriram |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/saif-spared-no-expense-in-making-agent-vinod-sriram/articleshow/12438538.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250328160337/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/saif-spared-no-expense-in-making-agent-vinod-sriram/articleshow/12438538.cms |archive-date=2025-03-28 |access-date=2025-03-28 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}&lt;/ref&gt; However, it was released separately on 29 March 2012 on the T-Series [[YouTube]] channel owing to popular demand.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNl07SmPv7k |title=Govind Bolo Gopal Bolo Agent Vinod Song {{!}} Saif Ali Khan, Kareena Kapoor {{!}} Pritam |date=2012-03-29 |last= |publisher=[[T-Series (company)|T-Series]] |access-date=2025-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130309152515/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNl07SmPv7k |archive-date=2013-03-09 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> Joginder Tuteja of ''[[Bollywood Hungama]]'' gave three stars to the album and stated &quot;despite not really the kind of soundtrack that one would remember six months down the line, it is still good enough to ensure that it helps the film's narrative. Songs like ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'I'll Do The Talking Tonight', 'Dil Mera Muft Ka''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' and ''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'Pungi'&lt;nowiki/&gt;'', though not extraordinary, keep up the pace while the theme track is an absolute killer. As for the one that may stay on long, there is '''Raabta''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' that one can play on a repeat mode and feel content.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;bh review&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Tuteja |first=Joginder |date=28 February 2012 |title=Agent Vinod Critic Music Review |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/503036 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229044357/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/503036 |archive-date=29 February 2012 |access-date=16 December 2014 |work=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Karthik Srinivasan]] of ''[[Milliblog]]'' stated &quot;Pritam lets his wildly enjoyable music do the talking in Agent Vinod&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Karthik |author-link=Karthik Srinivasan |date=2012-02-17 |title=Agent Vinod (Music review), Hindi – Pritam |url=https://milliblog.com/2012/02/24/agent-vinod-music-review-hindi-pritam/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101082315/https://milliblog.com/2012/02/24/agent-vinod-music-review-hindi-pritam/ |archive-date=2018-01-01 |access-date=2025-03-28 |website=[[Milliblog]] |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In a mixed review, Jaspreet Pandohar of ''[[BBC]]'' stated &quot;this is a loud, brazen bevy of songs that will attract some and repel others.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pandohar |first=Jaspreet |year=2012 |title=Music Review: Agent Vinod – Pritam |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/gc28/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120416212536/https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/gc28/ |archive-date=2012-04-16 |access-date=2025-03-28 |website=[[BBC]] |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rachit Gupta of ''[[Filmfare]]'' called it as &quot;a stilted, one and a half horse album wasn’t what we expected&quot; and rated two out of five stars.&lt;ref name=&quot;filmfare review&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Gupta |first=Rachit |date=23 February 2012 |title=Agent Vinod – Music Review |url=http://www.filmfare.com/reviews/agent-vinod-music-review-192.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513001750/http://www.filmfare.com/reviews/agent-vinod-music-review-192.html |archive-date=13 May 2012 |access-date=16 December 2014 |work=[[Filmfare]] |publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[Mumbai Mirror]]'' based critic rated one-and-a-half out of five, stating &quot;What ails Pritam’s latest fare is that it sounds just as dated as the film looks. It lacks the verve and chirpiness that he often captures. Not only is there a strange stuck-in-time air around this soundtrack, it also sounds more synthetic than organic, smug in its space. With such an unremarkable, downer of a soundtrack, Agent Vinod may as well press Self-Destruct on this one.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2012-03-16 |title=Agent Vinod: Agent's mission- Licence to borrow |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/agent-vinod-agents-mission-licence-to-borrow/articleshow/21413241.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250328162332/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/who-chopped-my-role/articleshow/21413232.cms |archive-date=2025-03-28 |access-date=2025-03-28 |website=[[Bangalore Mirror]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2012-03-14 |title=Agent Vinod |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/agent-vinod/articleshow/12259203.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330074637/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/agent-vinod/articleshow/12259203.cms |archive-date=2024-03-30 |access-date=2025-03-28 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Track listing ==<br /> {{track listing<br /> | headline = <br /> | extra_column = Artist(s)<br /> | title1 = I'll Do The Talking Tonight<br /> | note1 = <br /> | length1 = 4:16<br /> | writer1 = [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]<br /> | extra1 = [[Neeraj Shridhar]], [[Shefali Alvares]], [[Aditi Singh Sharma]], Barbie Amod<br /> | title2 = Dil Mera Muft Ka<br /> | note2 = <br /> | length2 = 4:26<br /> | writer2 = [[Neelesh Misra]]<br /> | extra2 = [[Nandini Srikar]], [[Malini Awasthi]], Muazzam, Rizwan, [[Shadaab Faridi]], Altamash Faridi, [[Shabab Sabri]]<br /> | title3 = Raabta<br /> | note3 = Siyaah Raatein<br /> | length3 = 4:50<br /> | writer3 = Amitabh Bhattacharya<br /> | extra3 = [[Hamsika Iyer]], [[Arijit Singh]], [[Joi Barua]]<br /> | title4 = [[Pyaar ki Pungi]]<br /> | note4 = <br /> | length4 = 4:10<br /> | writer4 = Amitabh Bhattacharya<br /> | extra4 = [[Mika Singh]], [[Nakash Aziz]], Amitabh Bhattacharya, [[Pritam]], [[Javed Jaffrey]]<br /> | title5 = Agent Vinod<br /> | note5 = Theme<br /> | length5 = 4:37<br /> | writer5 = —<br /> | extra5 = Instrumental<br /> | title6 = I'll Do The Talking Tonight<br /> | note6 = Remix<br /> | length6 = 4:32<br /> | writer6 = Amitabh Bhattacharya<br /> | extra6 = Neeraj Shridhar, Aditi Singh Sharma, Barbie Amod<br /> | title7 = Raabta<br /> | note7 = Night in a Motel<br /> | length7 = 3:32<br /> | writer7 = Amitabh Bhattacharya<br /> | extra7 = Aditi Singh Sharma, Arijit Singh<br /> | title8 = Pungi<br /> | note8 = Remix<br /> | length8 = 4:09<br /> | writer8 = Amitabh Bhattacharya<br /> | extra8 = Mika Singh, Amitabh Bhattacharya, Nakash Aziz, Pritam, Javed Jaffrey<br /> | title9 = [[Raabta (song)|Raabta]]<br /> | note9 = <br /> | length9 = 4:04<br /> | writer9 = Amitabh Bhattacharya<br /> | extra9 = Arijit Singh<br /> | title10 = Dil Mera Muft Ka<br /> | note10 = Remix<br /> | length10 = 3:48<br /> | writer10 = Neelesh Misra<br /> | extra10 = [[Malini Awasthi]]<br /> | title11 = Raabta<br /> | note11 = Kehte Hain Khuda Ne<br /> | length11 = 4:50<br /> | writer11 = Amitabh Bhattacharya<br /> | extra11 = [[Shreya Ghoshal]], Arijit Singh, Joi Barua<br /> | title12 = Habibi Ya Nour El Ain<br /> | note12 = <br /> | length12 = 4:10<br /> | writer12 = [[Traditional]]<br /> | extra12 = [[Alabina]], [[Ishtar (singer)|Ishtar]]<br /> | total_length = 51:24<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==Awards and nominations==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;<br /> |-<br /> !scope=&quot;col&quot;| Award<br /> !scope=&quot;col&quot;| Category<br /> !scope=&quot;col&quot;| Recipients<br /> !scope=&quot;col&quot;| Result<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;| {{Abbr|Ref|References}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot;|[[Apsara Film &amp; Television Producers Guild Award]]<br /> |[[Producers Guild Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Female Playback Singer]]<br /> |[[Hamsika Iyer]] for &quot;[[Raabta (song)|Raabta]]&quot;<br /> |{{Nom}}<br /> |style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref name=&quot;apsaranom&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=8th Apsara Awards Nominations |url=http://apsaraawards.org/8th_apsara_awards_nominees.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015516/http://apsaraawards.org/8th_apsara_awards_nominees.html |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=9 February 2013 |publisher=[[Apsara Film &amp; Television Producers Guild Award]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;apsara&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=8th Apsara Awards Winners |url=http://starguildawards.org/8th_apsara_awards_winners.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930223430/http://www.starguildawards.org/8th_apsara_awards_winners.html |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=4 June 2015 |publisher=[[Apsara Film &amp; Television Producers Guild Awards]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;StarGuild&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=18 February 2013 |title=Winners Of Renault Star Guild Awards 2013 |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4564/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220045056/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4564/ |archive-date=20 December 2014 |access-date=14 August 2014 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot;| [[International Indian Film Academy Awards]]<br /> | [[IIFA Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Best Male Playback Singer]]<br /> | [[Mika Singh]] for &quot;[[Pyaar ki Pungi]]&quot;<br /> | {{nom}}<br /> |style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=22 April 2013 |title=Nominations for IIFA Awards 2013 |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4899 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425044822/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4899 |archive-date=25 April 2013 |access-date=8 May 2013 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=7 July 2013 |title=Winners of IIFA Awards 2013 |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5202 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610224625/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5202 |archive-date=10 June 2015 |access-date=10 June 2015 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=IIFA 2013 Technical Awards Winners |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5020/IIFA%202013%20Technical%20Awards%20Winners |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826143745/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5020/IIFA%202013%20Technical%20Awards%20Winners |archive-date=26 August 2013 |access-date=21 May 2013 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Mirchi Music Awards]]<br /> | Programmer &amp; Arranger of the Year<br /> | [[Dhrubajyoti Phukan|DJ Phukan]] &amp; Hyacinth Dsouza – &quot;Dil Mera Muft Ka&quot;<br /> | {{won}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=7 February 2013 |title=Mirchi Music Awards Hindi 2012 nominations |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/music/news-and-interviews/Mirchi-Music-Awards-Hindi-2012-nominations/articleshow/18381838.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130526135134/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-02-07/news-and-interviews/36971866_1_vishal-dadlani-indian-music-sunidhi-chauhan |archive-date=26 May 2013 |access-date=8 February 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=8 February 2013 |title=Mirchi Music Awards 2013 winners |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/music/news-and-interviews/Mirchi-Music-Awards-2013-winners/articleshow/18388183.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731042056/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-02-08/news-and-interviews/36973213_1_karan-malhotra-film-director-sonu-nigam |archive-date=31 July 2013 |access-date=8 February 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | Song representing Sufi tradition<br /> | &quot;[[Raabta (song)|Raabta]]&quot;<br /> | {{nom}}<br /> |-<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Screen Awards]]<br /> |[[Screen Award for Best Male Playback|Best Male Playback Singer]]<br /> |[[Mika Singh]] for &quot;Dil Mera Muft Ka&quot;<br /> |{{Nom}}<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=18 January 2013 |title=Screen Awards 2013: Hall of Fame |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/screen-awards-2013-hall-of-fame/1060726/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216114436/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/screen-awards-2013-hall-of-fame/1060726/ |archive-date=16 December 2014 |access-date=31 December 2014 |work=[[The Indian Express]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=2 January 2013 |title=Nominations: 19th Annual Colors Screen Awards |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4359 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105020213/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4359 |archive-date=5 January 2013 |access-date=1 January 2015 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sa&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=12 January 2013 |title=Winner's of 19th Annual Colors Screen Awards |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4403 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925111241/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4403 |archive-date=25 September 2013 |access-date=13 January 2013 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |[[Screen Award for Best Female Playback|Best Female Playback Singer]]<br /> |[[Nandini Srikar]] for &quot;Dil Mera Muft Ka&quot;<br /> |{{Nom}}<br /> |-<br /> ! scope=&quot;row&quot; | [[Zee Cine Awards]]<br /> | [[Zee Cine Award for Best Track of the Year|Best Track of the Year]] <br /> | &quot;[[Pyaar ki Pungi]]&quot;<br /> | {{nom}}<br /> | style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zee Cine Awards 2013: The big winners |url=http://www.ndtv.com/photos/entertainment/zee-cine-awards-2013-the-big-winners-14461/slide/2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231185540/http://www.ndtv.com/photos/entertainment/zee-cine-awards-2013-the-big-winners-14461/slide/2 |archive-date=31 December 2014 |access-date=31 December 2014 |publisher=[[NDTV]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=7 January 2013 |title=Winners of Zee Cine Awards 2013 |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4376/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924142031/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4376/ |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=31 December 2014 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=29 December 2012 |title=Nominations for Zee Cine Awards 2013 |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4349 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102135744/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/4349 |archive-date=2 January 2013 |access-date=31 December 2014 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Controversies ==<br /> The Iranian pop band [[Barobax]] filed a copyright case against Pritam as the song &quot;Pyaar ki Pungi&quot; was plagiarized from the band's &quot;Soosan Khanoom&quot;.''&lt;ref name=&quot;WSJ&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;msn&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=1 March 2012 |title=Will Saif's item number overshadow Kareena's mujra? |url=http://entertainment.in.msn.com/bollywood/article.aspx?cp-documentid=5939118 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322020847/http://entertainment.in.msn.com/bollywood/article.aspx?cp-documentid=5939118 |archive-date=22 March 2012 |accessdate=19 March 2012 |newspaper=[[MSN]] |publisher=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;'' However, two weeks after the film's release, the band publicly apologised to Pritam saying both songs were different, claiming that the only similarity was the Iranian beat used in the song, and withdrew the case.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hindustan Times plagiarism&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=13 April 2012 |title=Pungi cleared of plagiarism |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/pungi-cleared-of-plagiarism/story-WEGyJTXZY1jSl6nzsKqb3J.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222214940/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/pungi-cleared-of-plagiarism/story-WEGyJTXZY1jSl6nzsKqb3J.html |archive-date=22 February 2025 |accessdate=15 October 2019 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Iranian band Barobax apologizes to Pritam |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-13/news-and-interviews/31336653_1_plagiarism-case-pritam-iranian-band |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026055020/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-13/news-and-interviews/31336653_1_plagiarism-case-pritam-iranian-band |archive-date=26 October 2013 |access-date=30 April 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; The use of old songs in the film—&quot;Aasmaan Pe Hai Khuda&quot; from ''[[Phir Subah Hogi]]'' (1958), &quot;Meri Jaan Maine Kaha&quot; from ''[[The Train (1970 film)|The Train]]'' (1970) and &quot;[[Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu]]&quot; from ''[[Thalapathi]]'' (1991)—without obtaining prior permission from the producers and its respective audio labels, resulted in another controversy, and Saif paid the rights to the producers and explained this to be a last minute co-ordination problem.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Suresh |first=Sunayana |date=10 May 2012 |title=Saif Ali Khan's Agent Vinod again in copyright case |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Saif-Ali-Khans-Agent-Vinod-again-in-copyright-case/articleshow/13064531.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120723190611/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-10/news-interviews/31642726_1_iranian-band-barobax-copyright-case-song |archive-date=23 July 2012 |access-date=22 May 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2 April 2012 |title=Saif pays the price for using old songs in Agent Vinod |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/saif-pays-the-price-for-using-old-songs-in-agent-vinod/article1-834340.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024095041/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/saif-pays-the-price-for-using-old-songs-in-agent-vinod/article1-834340.aspx |archive-date=24 October 2014 |access-date=17 July 2015 |work=[[Hindustan Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Other versions ==<br /> The song &quot;Raabta (Kehte Hain Khuda Ne)&quot; was [[Remix|remixed]] for the [[Raabta (film)|2017 film titled after the song]] featuring [[Deepika Padukone]] in a [[Cameo appearance|cameo]] alongside the lead actors [[Sushant Singh Rajput]], [[Kriti Sanon]] and [[Jim Sarbh]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2017-04-26 |title=Watch: Deepika Padukone sets the screen ablaze in 'Raabta' title track |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/watch-deepika-padukone-sets-the-screen-ablaze-in-raabta-title-track/articleshow/58395935.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428053005/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/watch-deepika-padukone-sets-the-screen-ablaze-in-raabta-title-track/articleshow/58395935.cms |archive-date=2017-04-28 |access-date=2025-03-28 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}&lt;/ref&gt; This version was sung by [[Nikhita Gandhi]] and Arijit Singh.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Chatterjee |first=Swasti |date=2017-04-26 |title=Raabta Title Track: Deepika Padukone Will Steal Your Heart Away |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/raabta-title-track-deepika-padukone-will-steal-your-heart-away-1686759 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225053705/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/raabta-title-track-deepika-padukone-will-steal-your-heart-away-1686759 |archive-date=2021-02-25 |access-date=2025-03-28 |website=[[NDTV]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2012 soundtrack albums]]<br /> [[Category:Hindi film soundtracks]]<br /> [[Category:T-Series (company) soundtracks]]<br /> [[Category:Thriller film soundtracks]]<br /> [[Category:Music controversies]]<br /> [[Category:2012 controversies]]<br /> [[Category:Works subject to a lawsuit]]<br /> [[Category:Plagiarism controversies]]<br /> [[Category:2010s film soundtrack albums]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=2019%E2%80%9320_Indian_Super_League_playoffs&diff=462997 2026-01-04T20:27:35Z

<p>Igorcaf: expanded structure additionally and corrected details</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT [[2020 Indian Super League playoffs]]<br /> <br /> {{Redirect category shell|<br /> {{R from move}}<br /> }}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_Technology,_Karnataka&diff=521103 2026-01-02T13:38:46Z

<p>Igorcaf: Put up a pg</p> <hr /> <div>{{short description|Engineering university at Surathkal, Mangalore}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}<br /> {{Infobox university<br /> | name = National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal<br /> | former_name = Karnataka Regional Engineering College<br /> | motto = <br /> | mottoeng = ''Work is worship''<br /> | chairperson = B. V. R. Mohan Reddy&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://www.nitk.ac.in/board_of_governors | title = Board of Governors | access-date = 22 October 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231022162740/https://www.nitk.ac.in/board_of_governors | archive-date = 22 October 2023 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | director = B. Ravi&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://www.nitk.ac.in/director | title = B Ravi | access-date = 22 October 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231022163213/https://www.nitk.ac.in/director | archive-date = 22 October 2023 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | undergrad = <br /> | postgrad = <br /> | established = {{start date and age|6 August 1960}}<br /> | type = [[Public university|Public]] [[technical university]]<br /> | city = [[Surathkal]], [[Mangaluru]]<br /> | state = [[Karnataka]]<br /> | country = [[India]]<br /> | coordinates = {{Coord|13.033|74.47|region:IN-KA_type:edu|display=inline,title}}<br /> | mapframe = yes<br /> | campus = [[Suburban area|Suburban]]<br /> | campus_size = 295.35 acres<br /> | website = {{URL|http://www.nitk.ac.in/}}<br /> | free_label = <br /> | free = <br /> | image_name = NITK Emblem.png<br /> | image_size = 180px<br /> | caption = [[Crest (heraldry)|Crest]] of the NITK Surathkal<br /> | logo = <br /> | logo_size = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''The National Institute of Technology Karnataka''' (NITK), also known as '''NITK Surathkal''' and formerly known as Karnataka Regional Engineering College (KREC), is a public technical university located in [[Surathkal]], [[Mangalore|Mangaluru]]. Established in 1960 as KREC, it has since evolved into one of the 31 [[National Institutes of Technology (India)|National Institutes of Technology]] in India. It is recognized as an [[Institutes of National Importance|Institute of National Importance]] by the [[Government of India]]. The institute features a suburban campus situated in close proximity to the [[Arabian Sea]], with National Highway 66 running through the campus and serving as a major access route. NITK Surathkal is ranked as one of the prestigious engineering institutions in India.&lt;ref name=Rankings_NIRF_E_2024/&gt;<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> The foundation stone for Karnataka Regional Engineering College (KREC) was laid on 6 August 1960,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://shashi.github.com/tardis/#polaroid/1 | title = Down Memory Lane at NITK | access-date = 30 January 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; at [[Surathkal]]. It was made possible through the efforts of [[U. Srinivas Mallya]] and [[V S Kudva|V. S. Kudva]] and the area is now called Srinivasnagar in his honour. KREC began with three under-graduate courses in engineering: [[Mechanical engineering|Mechanical]], [[Electrical engineering|Electrical]], and [[Civil engineering|Civil Engineering]], with affiliation to the [[University of Mysore]]. 1965 saw the beginning of under-graduate courses in [[Chemical engineering|Chemical]] and [[Metallurgical Engineering]]. In 1966, the college started its first postgraduate course in Marine Structures and Industrial Structures, followed by post-graduate courses in Industrial Electronics (1969), Heat Power (1971), Hydraulics and Water Resources (1971), Chemical Plant Design Engineering (1971) and Process Metallurgy (1972).<br /> <br /> More under-graduate engineering courses were added later: [[Electronic engineering|Electronics and Communication Engineering]] (1971), [[Mining engineering|Mining Engineering]] (1984), [[Computer engineering|Computer Engineering]] (1986), Information Technology Engineering (2000) and Artificial Intelligence Engineering (2021). In 1980, KREC came under the affiliation of [[Mangalore University]], and the five-year under-graduate courses were shortened to four-years. On 26 June 2002, it was elevated to the status of a [[National Institute of Technology]] and has been called NIT Karnataka (NITK) ever since. It is now a [[Deemed University]]. NITK celebrated its 50th Institute Foundation day on 6 August 2009. The year-long Golden Jubilee celebrations were inaugurated on 10 August 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.nitk.ac.in/index.php/index.php?q=Golden-Jubliee.html | title = Golden Jubilee Celebrations | access-date = 30 January 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120513171047/https://www.nitk.ac.in/index.php/index.php?q=Golden-Jubliee.html | archive-date = 13 May 2012 | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Campus ==<br /> [[File:NITK mangalore.jpg|thumb|300x300px|NITK Main Building in Surathkal, Mangalore]]<br /> The {{convert|295.35|acre|km2|adj=on}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nitk.ac.in/general-info/campus-details|title=Campus Details|access-date=13 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104181119/http://www.nitk.ac.in/general-info/campus-details|archive-date=4 November 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; campus is located on [[National Highway 66 (India)|National Highway 66]] (formerly [[National Highway 17 (India)|National Highway 17]]), by the shores of Arabian Sea. It has a private beach, including a lighthouse. Almost all the students reside on-campus, as do most of the staff. Staff quarters consist of the Director's quarters, Professors &amp; Assistant Professors quarters, Lecturers &amp; Assistant Lecturers quarters, Warden quarters, bachelors quarters and non-teaching staff colony. There are more than 200 residences on campus including independent houses and flats.<br /> <br /> The campus includes a Cooperative Society and a marketing center. Both [[State Bank of India]] and [[Canara Bank]] have branches in the campus along with ATM facility. The Central Library has a floor area of 2,758 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, and its three reading halls can accommodate a total of 600 students.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nitk.ac.in/facility/library|title=Library {{!}} National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal|last=Sowailem|first=Ansonika &amp;|website=www.nitk.ac.in|access-date=13 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181027012819/http://www.nitk.ac.in/facility/library|archive-date=27 October 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Central Computer Centre, established in 1995 as a supporting facility, maintains the network backbone of the college and has computer labs that augment the computing facilities in the teaching departments.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://ccc2.nitk.ac.in/|title=CENTRAL COMPUTER CENTRE {{!}} NITK Surathkal|website=ccc2.nitk.ac.in|access-date=13 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109192522/https://ccc2.nitk.ac.in/|archive-date=9 November 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Apart from the above, the campus also houses a staff club, a post office, two schools (Kannada and English medium), guest houses, a food court, a swimming pool and playgrounds. These facilities are made available to both the staff and the students at NITK. There is also an open air theatre for the student activities. Kannur N Lokesh was a former professor at NITK who is the father of K L Rahul (Indian cricketer).<br /> <br /> ==Organisation and administration==<br /> ===Former principals===<br /> * [[A. S. Adke]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.nitk.ac.in/history/former-principals |title=Former Principals &amp;#124; National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal |access-date=30 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020123510/http://www.nitk.ac.in/history/former-principals |archive-date=20 October 2018 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * B. H. Karakaraddi<br /> * K. Mahadevan <br /> * B. S. Basavarajaiah <br /> * T. Ramachandran <br /> * N. R. Shetty<br /> * B. T. Nijaguna<br /> * P. Sudhakara Shetty<br /> * P. N. Singh <br /> * M. R. Pranesh&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nitk.ac.in/institute/history/former-principals|title=Former Principals - NITK Surathkal|website=www.nitk.ac.in|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214070430/https://www.nitk.ac.in/institute/history/former-principals|archive-date=14 December 2018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Former directors===<br /> * P. N. Singh&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.nitk.ac.in/history/former-directors |title=Former Directors &amp;#124; National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal |access-date=30 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106013627/http://www.nitk.ac.in/history/former-directors |archive-date=6 November 2018 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * S. S. Murthy <br /> * H. V. Sudhaker Nayak <br /> * Y. V. Rao <br /> * G. K. Shivakumar<br /> * Sandeep Sancheti<br /> * Swapan Bhattacharya<br /> * Srinivasan Sundarrajan<br /> * Kannur N. Lokesh<br /> * Karanam Uma Maheshwar Rao<br /> * Udaykumar R. Yaragatti<br /> * Prasad Krishna<br /> <br /> == Academics ==<br /> [[File:NITK Main Building.jpg|thumb|Main block of the college seen from front left.]]<br /> NITK Surathkal offers undergraduate and graduate programs in Engineering, Science and Management. The institute has 14 departments&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.nitk.ac.in/index.php?q=departments1.html | title = Departments at NITK | access-date = 30 January 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110601233420/http://www.nitk.ac.in/index.php?q=departments1.html | archive-date = 1 June 2011 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt; and 11 support centres with about 200 faculty members, 300 support staff, 5,500 students and 26,500 alumni worldwide.&lt;ref name=&quot;NITK Information Brochure&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nitk.ac.in/assets/files/general/nitk_brochure_new.pdf|title=NITK Information Brochure|access-date=4 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215210412/http://www.nitk.ac.in/assets/files/general/nitk_brochure_new.pdf|archive-date=15 February 2010|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://nitkalumni.in/ | title = NITK Alumni site | access-date = 30 January 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191016035006/http://nitkalumni.in/ | archive-date = 16 October 2019 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Admissions ===<br /> ;Undergraduate programs:<br /> <br /> The B. Tech admissions are based on the JEE (Joint Entrance Exam).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://www.nitk.ac.in/static/dl/ac/2011/ug/06NITK-UG-Reg(BTech)-%202011.pdf| title = NITK UG Admissions 2011| access-date = 30 January 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130117214000/http://nitk.ac.in/static/dl/ac/2011/ug/06NITK-UG-Reg(BTech)-%202011.pdf| archive-date = 17 January 2013| url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The exam consists of three sections on Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. From the 2013 academic year onwards, admission is through the JEE (Mains) test,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.jeemain.nic.in | title = JEE Mains 2013 | access-date = 30 January 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181012021316/https://jeemain.nic.in/ | archive-date = 12 October 2018 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt; and ranks are based on 60% of the marks scored in the test, and 40% in the class 12/Second PU Board exams. From 2017, admission is through the ranks based solely on the JEE (mains) test; the marks in the class 12 board exams serves as a cut off. <br /> [[File: Chemical Eng. Dept., National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Karnataka, India (2019).jpg|thumb|Chemical Engineering Department]]<br /> <br /> Undergraduate admissions were based on a state wise reciprocal system. 50% of the seats were reserved for students from the home state of Karnataka. Until 2007, the rest of the 50% was distributed over other [[National Institutes of Technology|NIT]]s, with each state having a fixed quota of seats. However, since the batch starting in 2008, the remaining 50% has been made open to all other states.<br /> <br /> 10% of the seats in the undergraduate class are reserved for foreign students under the Direct Admission of Student Abroad (DASA) scheme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://www.dasanit.org/ | title = DASA Admissions | access-date = 30 January 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130302225414/https://www.dasanit.org/ | archive-date = 2 March 2013 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Admissions are based on the JEE (Joint Entrance Exam).<br /> <br /> ;Postgraduate programs:<br /> Postgraduate students are admitted to the program through the [[Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering]] (GATE) conducted by the [[Indian Institutes of Technology|Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)]] and the [[Indian Institute of Science|Indian Institute of Science (IISc)]]. Postgraduate students are required to complete coursework in addition to a thesis or dissertation that entails independent research under the guidance of a faculty.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.nitk.ac.in/static/dl/cur/pgr/2011/06NITK-Reg(MTech)-2011.pdf | title = NITK PG Admissions 2011 | access-date = 30 January 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130117220438/http://nitk.ac.in/static/dl/cur/pgr/2011/06NITK-Reg(MTech)-2011.pdf | archive-date = 17 January 2013 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Postgraduate and doctoral Ph.D. students are also involved as teaching assistants for undergraduate courses. An MBA course has been recently introduced by the Humanities department.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.nitk.ac.in/static/dl/cur/pgr/2011/10NITK-Reg(MBA)-2011.pdf | title = NITK MBA Admissions | access-date = 30 January 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130117213919/http://nitk.ac.in/static/dl/cur/pgr/2011/10NITK-Reg(MBA)-2011.pdf | archive-date = 17 January 2013 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt; NITK also offers MCA (Master of Computer Application) course for graduate students in which admission is done on the based on NIMCET (NIT MCA Common Entrance Test). NITK from 2003 is offering Doctor of Philosophy Ph.D. program for Mtech and other post graduate students.<br /> <br /> ===Rankings===<br /> {{Infobox India university ranking<br /> | type=University<br /> |NIRF_E_2024=17<br /> |NIRF_O_2024=46}}<br /> NITK was ranked 16th among engineering colleges in India by ''[[India Today]]'' in 2020&lt;ref name=Rankings_IT_E_2020/&gt; and {{ordinal|8}} among government engineering colleges by ''[[Outlook India]]'' in 2022.&lt;ref name=Rankings_OUTLOOK_E_G_2022/&gt; It was ranked 17th among engineering colleges by the [[National Institutional Ranking Framework]] (NIRF) in 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NIRF 2024 |url=https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2024/pdf/Report/IR2024_Report.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Research ==<br /> Research in the institute is mainly sponsored by central and state government agencies with grants for the academic year reaching {{INRConvert|10|c}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;NITK Information Brochure&quot; /&gt; Faculty go on sabbaticals at foreign universities to encourage research and teaching interactions. Consulting activities are also conducted through the industry-institute partnership cell.<br /> <br /> In January 2020, [[ISRO|Indian Space Research Organization]] (ISRO) and NITK have signed an MoU to jointly set up a 'Regional Academic Centre for Space'. This centre will act as a facilitator for the promotion of space technology activities in the southern India and carry out advanced joint research and development activities in the area of space technology applications. The centre will pursue advanced research in the areas relevant to the future technological and programmatic needs of the Indian space programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nitk.ac.in/NITK-ISRO-RegionalAcademicCentreSpace|title=NITK-ISRO Regional Academic Centre for Space &amp;#124; NITK Surathkal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/isro-nitk-jointly-set-up-regional-academic-centre-for-space-in-surathkal/article30471229.ece|title=ISRO-NITK jointly set up Regional Academic Centre for Space in Surathkal|newspaper=The Hindu|date=3 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/isro-to-set-up-rac-s-at-nitk-surathkal/articleshow/73064934.cms|title = ISRO to set up RAC-S at NITK, Surathkal - Times of India|website = [[The Times of India]]| date=2 January 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Student life ==<br /> [[File:Surathkal Lighthouse1.jpg|thumb|Surathkal beach is accessible by walk from the college]]<br /> Being primarily a residential institution along with [[Surathkal]] beach less than a kilometre (0.62&amp;nbsp;mi) away, a unique culture has developed over the 50 years of NITK's existence. Since 2002 when it became a centrally funded institution, NITK has opened doors to students from all over the country. Students involve in technical activities, as well as cultural events supported by one of the many student-run clubs and organizations on campus. An open-air theatre called Student Activity Center is the venue for most of the music performances and movie screenings. Beach events are unique to NITK, with sand sculptures and kite flying being recent highlights.<br /> <br /> Engineer (a national level technical symposium) takes place typically around the last week of October and Incident (a cultural festival) is organized since 1980 during the last week of February. Over the years, the scale of these events has gradually expanded with students visiting from all over the country. Online technical events at Engineer see participation from all over the world. The biggest intra-college event is called Crescendo, organised by the Reading Room Committee. Students teams representing the year of their study compete in literary, personality, art and music competitions. The college has numerous clubs, which have a presence both in India and abroad. It also has clubs like IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), ISTE (Indian Society for Technical Education) and ACM (Association of Computer Machinery), which are included in the syllabus as well for better understanding. These clubs help inculcate interest in technical research among NITKians. There are non-technical clubs like Rotaract (affiliated to the Rotary International), which help create social awareness and initiate campus drives.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Oulkar|first=Apoorva|date=2016|title=The NITK Life: Rainy Days, Beachside Blues, and Everything In Between|url=https://www.toppr.com/bytes/nitk-life/|website=Toppr.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Incident ===<br /> {{main|Incident (festival)}}<br /> [[File:Team inci '19.jpg|thumb|Team Incident '19]]<br /> Incident is the institute's annual [[cultural festival]]. Incident was first conducted in 1980.{{citation needed|date=February 2012}} Held over four days, the festival includes events from dance and dramatics to music, painting, fashion and quizzing.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/03/04/stories/2006030416740300.htm|title=Top honours for NITK at Incident 2006 India Quiz|date=4 March 2006|archive-date=4 January 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104073132/http://www.hindu.com/2006/03/04/stories/2006030416740300.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai, India}}&lt;/ref&gt; In addition, Incident Pro-Nite features top Indian singers and bands. International bands have also been part of the experience since 2010, with tribute bands like Led Zepplica, Breathe the Floyd Sound and Jailbreak performing crowd favourites to an enthralled audience. Some of the recent performances includes the likes of Vishal-Shekhar, Local Train, Amaal Malik, Kenny Sebastian, Rahul Subrahmanian, Raghu Dixit, Salim Sulaiman and many other celebrities.<br /> <br /> === Engineer ===<br /> 'Engineer' is the annual technical symposium at NITK Surathkal. 'ENGI' as it is called by the students has the [[Penrose Triangle]] as its logo, and this theme has been used along with the tag-line, 'Think. Create. Engineer.' 'Engineer' in its first edition in 2005 was born out of the amalgamation of three smaller scale technical symposia held until then. Engineer 2006 was planned on a larger scale, with innovative events including paper presentations, Shrishti, where participants are required to apply engineering for the greater good of society, robotics events (Perfect Machine, Automata), hacking contests, programming contests, electronics design events, and workshops. Socially conscious engineering has been a recurring theme. Guest speakers at Video conferences include [[Richard Stallman]], [[Bjarne Stroustrup]], [[Sam Pitroda]], Dr. [[Devi Shetty]], [[Sir Anthony James Leggett]], [[Kevin Warwick]], and [[Tim Poston]]. Engineer 2010 was dubbed the 'Golden Edition' due to it coinciding with the Golden Jubilee year celebrations. NITK hosted its first TEDx conference&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tedxnitksurathkal.com/|title=TEDx at NITK|access-date=3 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127232835/http://www.tedxnitksurathkal.com/|archive-date=27 November 2011|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; during Engineer 2011, and many influential speakers of the region were invited to talk on socially relevant issues. From the year 2018, Engineer has also hosted its annual NITK Model United Nations conference where the committees focus on various pressing issues around the globe and have a committee which focuses on the theme of the fest.<br /> <br /> ===Student organizations===<br /> [[File:Mega hostel block in NITK.jpg|thumb|A hostel block of the college.]]<br /> ;Technical clubs:<br /> Major national and international technical societies have set up local student chapters at NITK. They include [[Indian Society for Technical Education]] (ISTE), the [[Institution of Engineers (India)]], the [[Institution of Engineering and Technology]] (IET),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.ietnitk.org | title = IET Club at NITK | access-date = 30 April 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181022232725/https://ietnitk.org/ | archive-date = 22 October 2018 | url-status = live }}&lt;/ref&gt; the [[Association for Computing Machinery]] (ACM) (formerly chartered to [[Computer Society of India]]), and the [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]] (IEEE).<br /> <br /> * The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has an active chapter constituted by Mechanical Engineering students. NITK has two racing teams which participate in SAE BAJA and international FSAE races.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=SAE BAJA|url=http://www.nitkbaja.com/|access-date=25 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425091645/http://www.nitkbaja.com/|archive-date=25 April 2012|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *The Flying and Robotics Club (FARC) of NITK is a group of hobby RC and robot enthusiasts. Their annual flagship event 'Wright Flight' attracts participants from all over Karnataka. a Members involve in presenting seminars on various levels of robotics to participating in renowned tech-fests like [[Techfest]], IITB, [[Shaastra]], IITM, etc. As of 2017, a team of students participate in [[Robocon India]] representing the college.<br /> * NITK has a Linux Users Group, which along with the WEB Enthusiasts Club promotes FOSS and Linux.<br /> * The Engineers' Forum for Entrepreneurship Awareness (E-FOREA) encourages entrepreneurial ideas from students and promotes leadership and entrepreneurship on campus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.eforea.in | title = E-FOREA at NITK | access-date = 14 April 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110721154722/http://www.eforea.in/ | archive-date = 21 July 2011 | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; E-FOREA is now renamed as Entrepreneurship Cell (E-Cell). E-Cell hosts an annual Entrepreneurship Summit (E-Summit). The latest edition of E-Summit was held from 15 to 17 January 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://ecell.nitk.ac.in/|title=Entrepreneurship-Cell, NITK|website=ecell.nitk.ac.in|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908064458/http://ecell.nitk.ac.in/|archive-date=8 September 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * The Amateur Astronomy Club (formerly the Star Gazing Club) conducts star-watching shows for the students and faculty.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://www.facebook.com/SGCnitk | title = Star Gazing Club at NITK | website = [[Facebook]] | access-date = 30 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; It also happens to be the oldest club in NITK.<br /> <br /> ;Cultural clubs:<br /> * The [[Rotaract]] Club&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.rotaract-nitk.com | title = Rotaract Club at NITK | access-date = 14 April 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110715204035/http://www.rotaract-nitk.com/ | archive-date = 15 July 2011 | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; conducts social, cultural and technical events for the students and club members alike. These include blood donation camps, clothing donation drives, coastal clean-up camps, and events conducted by the National Service Scheme (NSS) chapter of NITK.<br /> * The Mangalore chapter of the Society for Promotion of Indian Classical Music and Culture Among Youth ([[SPICMACAY]]) is centered at NITK and is one of the biggest chapters in the country. It organizes concerts and lectures by maestros of Indian classical art forms and strives to raise awareness of Indian culture in the surrounding regions through lectures, orientations and conventions.<br /> * Literary, Stage and Debating Society is the apex literary forum of the institute. The club mainly conducts quizzes while also holding debates and organising plays. LSD was formed in 2004 from the quiz club to cater to literary events other than quizzes. It is the largest club at NITK Surathkal and consists of 5 Special Interest Groups (SIGs) - Lit Gig, for Literary and writing events, Stage for theater, they host the annual &quot;In a Nutshell&quot;, a series of 5 short plays, the Debate society - which focuses on public speaking, parliamentary debating and Model United Nations, Quiz which organizes quizzes on a plethora of topics and Film, which makes short films and increases the culture and interest in film making. <br /> * Dance Dramatics and Fashion Club organises 'Spandan' annually, which provides students a platform to showcase their talent at dance and theatre. The NITK Music Club organises music shows, generally called Musical Night, and play popular music at the outdoor auditoriums. A variety of styles are on display at these events, from Indian classical music to fusion to rock.<br /> *[[File:FF18.jpg|thumb|Film Festival '18 team]]The NITK Films Club screens movies at the Students' Activity Centre every Friday during the semester. Apart from English and Hindi releases, regional films are shown as well. The Press Club brings out a fortnightly wall magazine ''News Wagon'', providing a tongue-in-cheek look at life around the campus, besides bringing out the official yearbook, ''The Vitruvian''.<br /> * VOICE (Vedic Oasis for Inspiration, Culture and Education) is a youth group run by the students, for the students. Using the principles present in the ancient Vedic scriptures, they train students in a blend of character and competence. VOICE Club every year celebrates Rama Navami and Krishna Janmashtami. These two celebrations include worship of the Lord, music, dance, drama, devotional speeches, vedic insights into modern life, lamp offering and a delicious feast prasadam. <br /> * The NITK Photography Club captures photos and videos of events happening at NITK. It conducts &quot;Expose&quot;, which is a national level photography contest organised yearly during Incident. The club contributes to the official yearbook, ''The Vitruvian''.<br /> * The Artists' Forum, NITK is an art hobbyist club which conducts its own events like Art Beat, Kalakriti, and Waves. It is also credited with the decoration of the underpass connecting the eastern and western blocks of the institute. It added an abstract monument as a part of its annual project to the campus which is completely made of reused metal. Themed decoration of the campus during college festivals often comes under the prerogative of this club.<br /> *Toasmaster India recently started its NITK Chapter.<br /> <br /> === Athletics ===<br /> Sports facilities include the cricket ground, tennis lawns, badminton and table tennis complex, the basketball and volleyball courts along with a swimming pool.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.nitk.ac.in/students-life/sports-and-games |title=Sports and Games &amp;#124; National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal |access-date=30 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020124449/http://www.nitk.ac.in/students-life/sports-and-games |archive-date=20 October 2018 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Recreation Committee (RC) of the institute organizes recreational activities including freshers cup, floodlit cricket matches. The much-awaited inter-year sports festival 'Phoenix' is organized during the even semester where students battle for gold, silver and bronze medals, and the overall shield. NITK sports teams participate in events all over the country as part of the Inter-NIT sports meet.<br /> <br /> During the cultural festival 'Incident', NITK hosts 'Slam Dunk', an intercollegiate basketball tournament.<br /> <br /> ===Entrepreneurship culture and NITK STEP===<br /> The institute has its own technology startup incubator named STEP (Science &amp; Technology Entrepreneurs Park) which provides office space and in some cases seed funds&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/four-nitk-surathkal-startups-get-seed-capital-from-dst/article997432.ece|title=Four NITK Surathkal start-ups get seed capital from DST|work=The Hindu Business Line|date=July 2010 |access-date=10 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; to startups incubated there. NITK–STEP (formerly KREC-STEP) was first established on 31 August 1994.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nitkstep.org/|title=Science And Technology Entrepreneurs Park - NITK STEP, Surathkal|website=www.nitkstep.org|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190831083959/http://www.nitkstep.org/|archive-date=31 August 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Some notable startups founded by recently graduated alumni of NITK Surathkal are Practo, [[Delhivery]], Nestaway, DriveU, Taxi For Sure, [[Chai Point]], Simplilearn, BHIVE, [[Travelyaari]], [[Pinkvilla]]. Practo is one of the startups conceived within NITK Campus and is now valued at half a billion dollars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://campusdiaries.com/stories/25-indian-tech-startups-that-were-conceived-in-college|title=25 Indian Tech Startups That Were Conceived in College|work=Campus Diaries|access-date=10 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916094437/https://campusdiaries.com/stories/25-indian-tech-startups-that-were-conceived-in-college|archive-date=16 September 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Many NITK alumni are actively involved as Partners in Venture Capital firms like Clear Ventures, New Enterprise Associates, Peepul Capital, Benhamou Global Ventures, Lightspeed Venture Partners, Unitus Seed Fund.<br /> <br /> == Notable alumni ==<br /> NITK Surathkal has an alumni association called NITK Alumni Association (NITKAA). Notable NITK alumni include:<br /> * [[K. V. Kamath]], 1969, President of BRICS Bank, former chairman of [[ICICI Bank]], former chairman of [[Infosys]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url= https://www.deccanherald.com/content/476975/k-v-kamath-named-1st.html|title=K.V.Kamath|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[K. Ullas Karanth]], 1971, Director of the Wildlife Conservation Society India Program&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url= https://www.harmonyindia.org/people_posts/jungle-book/ |title= Ullas Karanth |language= en |access-date= 30 April 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181223191319/http://www.harmonyindia.org/people_posts/jungle-book/ |archive-date= 23 December 2018 |url-status= live }}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Ashok Kheny]], 1972, Director of [[Nandi Infrastructure Corridor Enterprises]]; MLA from Bidar (South) in Karnataka Legislative Assembly&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Aji |first1=Sowmya |title=The many facets of MLA and businessman Ashok Kheny |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/the-many-facets-of-mla-and-businessman-ashok-kheny/articleshow/52649232.cms?from=mdr |newspaper=The Economic Times |date=8 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Thomas Zacharia]], 1980, Deputy Director of [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory|ORNL]] Computer Science and Mathematics Division&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Zacharia|first=Thomas|title=Thomas Zacharia BIO|url=http://www.ornl.gov/ornlhome/leadership/zacharia_bio.shtml|access-date=2 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515222950/http://www.ornl.gov/ornlhome/leadership/zacharia_bio.shtml|archive-date=15 May 2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Pramod Madhwaraj]], 1990, former minister, [[Government of Karnataka]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rajfishmeal.com/management/|title=Pramod Madhwaraj|language=en|access-date=30 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125163801/http://www.rajfishmeal.com/management/|archive-date=25 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Audimulapu Suresh]], 1984, Minister of Education in [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]] and Member of [[YSR Congress Party]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/balineni-audimulapu-rewarded-for-loyalty--536216 |title= Audimulapu Suresh|date= 8 June 2019|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Rajeev Madhavan]], 1987, Founder of [[Magma Design Automation|Magma]] DA, venture capitalist in USA, on the Dean's Advisory Board at [[University of California, Los Angeles|UCLA's]] Henry Samueli School of Engineering&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/Tech-a-tete/rajeev-madhavan-kochi-comics-to-california-chips/|title=Rajeev Madhavan|language=en|access-date=30 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507175905/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/Tech-a-tete/rajeev-madhavan-kochi-comics-to-california-chips/|archive-date=7 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Sunil Kumar (academic administrator)|Sunil Kumar]], 1990, Provost, [[Johns Hopkins University]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url= http://www.papitv.com/nitk-san-francisco-may-9-10-2014-global-alumni-meet-2014-video-by-kc-leung|title=Sunil Kumar|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Pramod Viswanath]], 1993, Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at [[Princeton University]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url= https://scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=lPycXNcAAAAJ&amp;hl=en|title= Pramod Viswanath|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Sridhar Rangayan]], filmmaker with a focus on queer subjects&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url= https://www.manipalthetalk.org/interviews/pride-month-special-sridhar-rangayan/ |title= Sridhar Rangayan|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Neeraj Dangi]], 1993, Member of [[Rajya Sabha]] from Indian National Congress<br /> * [[Sreejith Ravi]], 1997, Film Actor in [[Malayalam cinema]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url= https://nettv4u.com/celebrity/malayalam/movie-actor/sreejith-ravi|title= Sreejith Ravi|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Vasudhendra]], Indian author&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Only a good mind can produce good literature, says writer|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/Only-a-good-mind-can-produce-good-literature-says-writer/article14954665.ece|access-date=2 April 2018|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=20 March 2011|language=en-IN}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Ghanshyam Tiwari (politician, born 1979)|Ghanshyam Tiwari]], 2002, Indian Politician and National Spokesperson of [[Samajwadi Party]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title= Ghanshyam Tiwari |url= https://www.learner.in/gooded |language= en-IN |access-date= 30 April 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191024193434/http://learner.in/gooded |archive-date= 24 October 2019 |url-status= live }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * [[Suhas Lalinakere Yathiraj]], 2004, IAS officer and Para-Badminton Asian Champion 2020 Tokyo Paralympic Silver Medalist &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/An-officer-and-a-sportsperson/articleshow/55757335.cms|title=Suhas Yathiraj|language=en|access-date=30 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205213506/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/An-officer-and-a-sportsperson/articleshow/55757335.cms|archive-date=5 December 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Nakul Abhyankar]], 2012, Indian Playback Singer and SaReGaMaPa 2010 finalist&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.delhispider.com/resources/3371-Profile-Biodata-Nakul-Abhyankar.aspx|title=Nakul Abhyankar|language=en|access-date=30 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904035838/http://www.delhispider.com/resources/3371-Profile-Biodata-Nakul-Abhyankar.aspx|archive-date=4 September 2019|url-status=usurped}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> * [[Vishak Nair]], 2014, Indian Film Actor appearing in Malayalam Cinema&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url= https://www.edexlive.com/live-story/2017/jun/29/aanandams-kuppi-tells-us-why-he-went-from-nit-surathkal-to-cinema-716.html|title= Vishak Nair|language= en-IN|access-date= 30 April 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170909055518/http://www.edexlive.com/live-story/2017/jun/29/aanandams-kuppi-tells-us-why-he-went-from-nit-surathkal-to-cinema-716.html|archive-date= 9 September 2017|url-status= live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[National Institutes of Technology Act, 2007]]<br /> * [[List of Institutes of National Importance]]<br /> * [[Indian Institutes of Technology]]<br /> * [[Higher education in India]]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{commons category|National Institute of Technology Karnataka}}<br /> <br /> {{National Institutes of Technology}}<br /> {{Universities in Karnataka}}<br /> {{authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:National Institute Of Technology Karnataka}}<br /> [[Category:Engineering colleges in Mangalore]]<br /> [[Category:Universities and colleges established in 1960]]<br /> [[Category:National Institutes of Technology]]<br /> [[Category:1960 establishments in Mysore State]]<br /> [[Category:All India Council for Technical Education]]<br /> [[Category:Technical universities and colleges in India]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boomba_Ride&diff=492186 2025-12-29T03:01:23Z

<p>Igorcaf: new new stub</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}<br /> {{Infobox film<br /> | image = <br /> | director = [[Biswajeet Bora]]<br /> | writer = [[Biswajeet Bora]], Lopamudra Gogoi<br /> | producer = Luit Kumar Barman, Dr.Kausshik Hazaricka, Binod Lal Das<br /> | cinematography = Jiten Boro, Atul Sargiyari<br /> | editing = [[Biswajeet Bora]]<br /> | music = Nayan Mani Barman<br /> | released = {{Film date|df=yes|2021|11||IFFI|ref1=&lt;ref&gt;https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1774079&lt;/ref&gt;|2022|09|16|Assam}}<br /> | runtime = 76 minutes<br /> | country = India<br /> | language = [[Mising language|Mising]], [[Assamese language|Assamese]]<br /> | budget = &lt;!--Must cite a reliable published source with a reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb. no fan-sites.--&gt;<br /> }}'''''Boomba Ride''''' is an [[Assamese film]] directed by [[Biswajeet Bora]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Boomba Ride () - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos |url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/boomba-ride-49928 |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=Cinestaan}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is written by [[Biswajeet Bora]] and Lopamudra Gogoi. The film is about a lower elementary school where Boomba is the only pupil, and the instructors' major issue is to keep the school open.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ramnath |first=Nandini |title=Assamese film ‘Boomba Ride’ captures the seriocomic state of rural education |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1006586/assamese-film-boomba-ride-captures-the-seriocomic-state-of-rural-education |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Plot ==<br /> The film is about a lower elementary school where Boomba is the only pupil, and the instructors' major issue is to keep the school open. When things don't go as planned, Boomba uses his upright knowledge to save his school just as it was about to collapse, causing everyone to recognize the positive effects education can have on a community.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Boomba Ride (2021) |url=https://letterboxd.com/film/boomba-ride/ |language=en |access-date=2022-10-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Cast ==<br /> <br /> * Sadagar Daw as Head Teacher<br /> * Dipali Pegu as Boomba's mother<br /> * Hiranya Pegu as Teacher<br /> * Indrajeet Pegu as Boomba&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Boomba Ride Movie Review {{!}} Boomba Ride Movie Cast {{!}} Boomba Ride {{!}} Indian Film History |url=https://www.indianfilmhistory.com/movie/boomba-ride |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=www.indianfilmhistory.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Production ==<br /> ''Boomba Ride'' is an Indian film production shot in [[Dergaon]], [[Assam]]. It has been made by ML Entertainment, Quartermoon Productions.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pune International Film Festival&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pune International Film Festival |url=https://www.piffindia.com/boomba-ride.php |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=www.piffindia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Besides directing, [[Biswajeet Bora|Bora]] wrote it with his wife Lopamudra Gogoi and produced it with others.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Boomba Ride seeks to show society the immense potential of education in transforming the lives of people in rural areas: IFFI 52 Indian Panorama Film Director Biswajeet Bora |url=https://pib.gov.in/pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1774079 |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=pib.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shooting of this film was completed after 13 days of continuous shoot in the month of November and December in 2020 at [[Golaghat]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Biswajeet Bora’s ‘Boomba Ride’: A Caustic Humorous Satire |url=https://www.guwahatiplus.com/opinion/opinion/biswajeet-boras-boomba-ride-a-caustic-humorous-satire |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=www.guwahatiplus.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film was shot in the Assamese village of Bormukoli in the [[Golaghat]] region, where the dominant language is [[Mising language|Mising]]. There, they carefully selected a few individuals who they then trained.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=‘Boomba Ride’ shows education transforms rural life: Biswajeet |url=https://www.thegoan.net/tg-life/%E2%80%98boomba-ride%E2%80%99-shows-education-transforms-rural-life-biswajeet/77180.html |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=The Goan EveryDay |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Awards ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Year<br /> !Award<br /> !Category<br /> !Result<br /> !Ref<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |[[International Film Festival of Kerala|International Film Festival of Kerela]]<br /> |Indian Cinema Now<br /> |{{Nominated}}<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=C-DIT |title=BOOMBA RIDE {{!}} Indian Cinema Now |url=https://iffk.in/filmdetail/MjEwMTMwMDkuNg== |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=iffk.in |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |[[International Film Festival of India]]<br /> |<br /> |{{Nominated}}<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=BOOMBA RIDE |url=https://my.iffigoa.org/detail/?id=5097 |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=my.iffigoa.org |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |[[New York Indian Film Festival]]<br /> |Official Selection<br /> |{{Nominated}}<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=film detail – NYIFF – New York Indian Film Festival |url=https://www.nyiff.us/film-detail/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2021<br /> |[[Kolkata International Film Festival]]<br /> |Unheard India: Rare Language Films<br /> |{{Nominated}}<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Official Selection 2021 - Kolkata International Film Festival |url=https://kiff.in/archive/2021/official-selection/unheard-india-rare-language-films |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=kiff.in |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2022<br /> |[[Pune International Film Festival]]<br /> |<br /> |{{Nominated}}<br /> |&lt;ref name=&quot;Pune International Film Festival&quot;/&gt;<br /> |-<br /> |2022<br /> |[[Festival de Cannes]]<br /> |Indian Panorama<br /> |{{Nominated}}<br /> |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-05-12 |title=Assam : Mishing Dialect Movie - 'Boomba Ride' To Be Screened In Famed 'Cannes Film Festival' |url=https://www.northeasttoday.in/2022/05/12/assam-mishing-dialect-movie-boomba-ride-to-be-screened-in-famed-cannes-film-festival/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=Northeast Today |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Webdesk |first=Time8 |date=2022-05-12 |title=Assamese movie ‘Boomba Ride’ selected for screening at Cannes 2022 |url=https://www.time8.in/assamese-movie-boomba-ride-selected-for-screening-at-cannes-2022/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=TIME8 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-05-24 |title=Boomba Ride : দোকানৰ সামগ্ৰী আনিবলৈ গৈ দেৰগাঁৱৰ শিশুৱে পালে ফ্ৰান্স! কাঁ চলচ্চিত্ৰ মহোৎসৱত অসমৰ ছবি ‘বুম্বা ৰাইড' |url=https://assam.news18.com/news/assam/assam-film-boomba-ride-has-screened-at-marchu-du-film-cannes-film-festival-gb-224345.html |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=Home |language=as}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == Reception ==<br /> <br /> * The 2021 film &quot;Boomba Ride,&quot; was fully filmed in the state of [[Assam]], on the banks of the [[Brahmaputra River]], where he spent his formative years. The picture of his youthful hero features [[Biswajeet Bora|Bora]]. He amplifies his venom, his plots, and his desire to reach the highest point. In Where's My Friend's House, Boomba is [[Apur Sansar|Apu]]'s distant cousin, one of [[Satyajit Ray]] and [[Abbas Kiarostami]]'s kids who is imprisoned in a primitive educational system yet driven by an unyielding determination to confront adults' dimwitted viewpoints.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Korkmaz |first=Joseph |date=2021-11-27 |title=Boomba Ride: Biswajeet Bora’s latest film is about education and dreaming big |url=https://thenewsmill.com/2021/11/boomba-ride-biswajeet-boras-latest-film-is-about-education-and-dreaming-big/,%20https://thenewsmill.com/2021/11/boomba-ride-biswajeet-boras-latest-film-is-about-education-and-dreaming-big/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> * The way the movie creates its characters gives the movie an identity of its own. Boomba is not as naive as he may appear due to his direct approach to teachers' negotiations with hiss and the humorous results it yields. I also appreciate how each child's persona was given an air of imperfection. They frequently bully, are rude, self-centered, and plagued with self-doubt.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bhuyan |first=Kalpa Jyoti |date=2022-09-24 |title=Boomba Ride Review: Education is our birthright and we shall have it |url=http://www.eastmojo.com/assam/2022/09/24/boomba-ride-review-education-is-our-birthright-and-we-shall-have-it/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=EastMojo |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * {{IMDb title|id=tt17037804}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2021 films]]<br /> [[Category:2020s Assamese-language films]]<br /> [[Category:2021 Indian films]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hakam_Sufi&diff=501862 2025-12-18T06:34:01Z

<p>Igorcaf: Started a info!</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}<br /> {{Multiple issues|<br /> {{more citations needed|date=September 2012}}<br /> {{Notability|Music|date=October 2012}}<br /> }}<br /> {{Infobox musical artist<br /> | name = Hakam Sufi<br /> | image =<br /> | alt =<br /> | caption =<br /> | image_size =<br /> | landscape =<br /> | birth_name =<br /> | alias =<br /> | birth_date = <br /> | birth_place =<br /> | origin = [[Giddarbaha]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], India<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|2012|09|04|1952|03|03}}<br /> | death_place = [[Sri Muktsar Sahib]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], India<br /> | genre = [[Folk music of Punjab|Folk]]<br /> | occupation = Singer<br /> | instrument =<br /> | years_active = &lt;!--YYYY–YYYY (or –present)--&gt;<br /> | label =<br /> | website = &lt;!--{{URL|example.com}}--&gt;<br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Hakam Sufi''' (3 March 1952 – 4 September 2012){{citation needed|date=August 2019}} was an Indian singer as well as songwriter of [[Punjabi music]].&lt;ref name=&quot;pn&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://punjabnewsline.com/news/Legendary-Punjabi-singer-Hakam-Sufi-passes-away.html|title=Legendary Punjabi singer Hakam Sufi passes away|date=5 September 2012|publisher=PunjabNewline.com|access-date=5 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907030430/http://punjabnewsline.com/news/Legendary-Punjabi-singer-Hakam-Sufi-passes-away.html|archive-date=7 September 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ti&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120907/punjab.htm#7 | title=Hakam shunned commercial trappings | work=News | date=7 September 2011 | accessdate=30 October 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was known for his songs like, ''paani vich maaran deetan'' from a [[Cinema of Punjab|Punjabi film]] and more. Known for his clean and pure style of music, Hakam Sufi stayed away from vulgarity and bawdy lyrics. Untrapped by commercial interests, Sufi, who worked as a school teacher remained dedicated to pristine pure music till his death.&lt;ref name=ti/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Personal life==<br /> Sufi remained single throughout his life, primarily so that he could dedicate himself to music and to bringing up his siblings. A very close associate of [[Gurdas Mann]], both singers belonged to [[Gidderbaha]] in Sri Muktsar Sahib district of Indian Punjab.&lt;ref name=ti/&gt; He started singing at a very early age during his schooldays.<br /> <br /> ==Songs==<br /> <br /> His major song was the ''Chhalla'', though Sufi himself conceded in a television interview that it was when [[Gurdas Maan]] sung the song, that it reached great heights. ''Pani vich maaran deetan'', ''Mere charkhe di tutt gaee maalh'', ''Kithe laaye ne sajjana dere'', ''Dil vatte di'', and ''Dil tarhpe ashiq da'' were his major songs.<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Sufi, Hakam}}<br /> [[Category:1952 births]]<br /> [[Category:2012 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Punjabi-language singers]]<br /> [[Category:People from Sri Muktsar Sahib district]]<br /> [[Category:20th-century Indian male singers]]<br /> [[Category:21st-century Indian male singers]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dhanadhanya_Auditorium&diff=496598 2025-12-04T04:45:18Z

<p>Igorcaf: new new post</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Auditorium complex in Kolkata, India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox venue<br /> | name = Dhano Dhanya Auditorium<br /> | image = DhonoDhanyoAuditorium01.jpg<br /> | image_alt = <br /> | image_size = <br /> | caption = Dhanadhanya Auditorium, Kolkata<br /> | map_type = <br /> | map_alt = <br /> | map_caption = <br /> | elevation = <br /> | building_type = <br /> | architectural_style = <br /> | structural_system = <br /> | ren_cost = <br /> | client = <br /> | owner = [[Government of West Bengal]]<br /> | location = [[Alipore]], [[Kolkata]], [[India]]<br /> | address = <br /> | coordinates = <br /> | opened = {{Start date|2023|04|23|df=y}}<br /> | capacity = 2600&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.uniindia.com/mamata-inaugurates-dhanadhanyo-auditorium/east/news/2952878.html|title=Mamata inaugurates Dhano Dhanyo Auditorium}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | acreage = 4.5 Acres&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.millenniumpost.in/dhana-dhanya-cultural-complex-to-be-ready-for-use-before-deadline-178818|title=Dhana Dhanya Cultural Complex to be ready for use before deadline|first=Pritesh|last=Basu|date=13 January 2017|website=www.millenniumpost.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | builder = [[NBCC (India) Limited|NBCC]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.psuconnect.in/psu-news/nbcc-built-dhana-dhanaye-auditorium-inaugurated|title=NBCC built Dhana Dhanaye Auditorium inaugurated in Kolkata|website=www.psuconnect.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | cost = ₹450 crores&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://bengali.abplive.com/district/four-and-a-half-crores-have-been-spent-dhandhanya-auditorium-is-inaugurated-today-970203|title=খরচ হয়েছে সাড়ে চারশো কোটি, আজ ধনধান্য অডিটোরিয়ামের উদ্বোধন|first=A. B. P.|last=Ananda|date=13 April 2023|website=bengali.abplive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> | public_transit = [[Jatin Das Park metro station]] (Blue line)&lt;br&gt; [[Khidirpur metro station]] (Purple line)<br /> }}<br /> '''Dhano Dhanyo Auditorium''' is a premier [[state of the art]] multi-[[auditorium]] complex in [[Alipore]], [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], India. The auditorium was named &quot;Dhanadhanya&quot; in honour of the renowned poet, playwright and lyricist [[Dwijendralal Ray]].<br /> <br /> ==Formation==<br /> The auditorium was planned in December 2017. February 2019 was the deadline for the project but due to COVID-19 the works halted and restarted in 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;/&gt; About 600 workers worked in the construction. In 2022, the work completed and on 13 April 2023, it was inaugurated by chief minister of West Bengal.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structure==<br /> The auditorium is designed in a form of conch shell. It has a main auditorium of 2000 seats with a mini-auditorium of 540 seats and an open stage with 300 seats. The building has 6 floors containing guest house, restaurant, cafeteria, VIP lounge, media lounge and a convention centre.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;/&gt; The revolving stage has two concentric circles.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://visionaireengineering.com/projects/auditorium-alipore-kolkata.html|title=Auditorium, Alipore, Kolkata|website=Visionaire Global Engineering Pvt Ltd}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The complex also uses LV/AV systems, Solar systems, Building Management System etc.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> The complex has basement parking with 2 levels of car parking with proper ventilation which also helps to free traffic congestion in Alipore area.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;/&gt;<br /> == Gallery ==<br /> {{Gallery<br /> | title = Views Of Dhanadhanya Auditorium<br /> | align = center<br /> | footer = <br /> | style = text-align:center;<br /> | mode = packed<br /> |Dhanadhanya Auditorium on 24 July 2023 on the death anniversary ov Mahanayak Uttam Kumar 01.webm|Event in Dhanadhanya Auditorium <br /> |Dhanadhanya Auditorium on 24 July 2023 on the death anniversary ov Mahanayak Uttam Kumar 15.jpg| Main Hall of Dhanadhanya Auditorium <br /> |Dhanadhanya Auditorium on 24 July 2023 on the death anniversary ov Mahanayak Uttam Kumar 09.jpg| Dhanadhanya Auditorium in night<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [https://www.wbhidcoltd.com/dhonodhanyo/ Auditorium]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Auditoriums in Kolkata]]<br /> [[Category:Auditoriums in India]]<br /> [[Category:Alipore]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=1990_Himachal_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly_election&diff=475756 2025-12-03T22:09:37Z

<p>Igorcaf: fixed page for clarity and added references after review</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian state legislative election}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}<br /> {{Infobox election<br /> | election_name = 1990 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election<br /> | country = India<br /> | type = legislative<br /> | vote_type = Popular &lt;!-- default --&gt;<br /> | ongoing = no<br /> | previous_election = 1985 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election<br /> | previous_year = 1985<br /> | election_date = 27 February 1990<br /> | next_election = 1993 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election<br /> | next_year = 1993<br /> | seats_for_election = 67 seats in the [[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]<br /> | majority_seats = 34<br /> | registered = {{formatnum:2993699}}<br /> | turnout = 67.76%<br /> | image_size = 100px<br /> <br /> | party1 = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> | image1 = Shanta Kumar.jpg<br /> | leader1 = [[Shanta Kumar]]<br /> | leaders_seat1 = <br /> | leader_since1 = <br /> | seats1 = '''46'''<br /> | seats_before1 = 7<br /> | popular_vote1 = '''858,518'''<br /> | percentage1 = 41.78%<br /> | seat_change1 = {{increase}}39<br /> | swing1 = {{increase}}5.91%<br /> <br /> | party2 = Janata Dal<br /> | image2 = Janata Dal symbol.svg<br /> | leader2 = <br /> | leaders_seat2 = <br /> | leader_since2 = <br /> | seats2 = 11<br /> | seats_before2 = ''New''<br /> | popular_vote2 = 222,542<br /> | percentage2 = 10.83%<br /> | seat_change2 = ''New''<br /> | swing2 = ''New''<br /> <br /> | party3 = Indian National Congress<br /> | image3 = Virbhadra Singh HP.jpg<br /> | leader3 = [[Virbhadra Singh]]<br /> | leaders_seat3 = <br /> | leader_since3 = <br /> | seats3 = 9<br /> | seats_before3 = 58<br /> | popular_vote3 = 750,885<br /> | percentage3 = 36.54%<br /> | seat_change3 = {{decrease}}49<br /> | swing3 = {{decrease}}19.32%<br /> <br /> &lt;!-- Chief Minister --&gt;<br /> | title = [[Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh|CM]]<br /> | before_party = Indian National Congress<br /> | before_election = [[Virbhadra Singh]]<br /> | after_party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br /> | after_election = [[Shanta Kumar]]<br /> }}<br /> <br /> Elections to the '''[[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]''' were held in February 1990 to elect members of 67 constituencies in [[Himachal Pradesh]], India. The [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] won the popular vote and a majority of seats and its leader, [[Shanta Kumar]] was appointed as the [[Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh]] for his second term.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/politics/after-advani-roads-closed-for-veteran-bjp-leader-shanta-kumar-too-party-hunts-for-new-face-in-himachal |title=After Advani, roads closed for veteran BJP leader Shanta Kumar too, party hunts for new face in Himachal |date=24 March 2019 |author=Bipin Bhardwaj |access-date= 9 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/lok13/biodata/13HP03.htm |title=Biographical Sketch of Member of 13th Lok Sabha |archive-date=1 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130201150852/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/lok13/biodata/13HP03.htm|access-date= 1 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; The number of constituencies was set as 68 by the recommendation of the [[Delimitation Commission of India]].&lt;ref name=&quot;delimitation1976&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3939-dpaco-1976/ |title=DPACO (1976) - Archive Delimitation Orders |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= December 9, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Results==<br /> {{Election results<br /> |image=[[File:India Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly 1990.svg]]<br /> |party1=[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]|votes1=858518|seats1=46|sc1={{increase}}39<br /> |party2=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes2=750885|seats2=9|sc2={{decrease}}49<br /> |party3=[[Janata Dal]]|votes3=222542|seats3=11|sc3=New<br /> |party4=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes4=42393|seats4=1|sc4={{increase}}1<br /> |party20=Others|votes20=55139|seats20=0|sc20=0<br /> |party21=Independents|votes21=125421|seats21=1|sc21={{decrease}}1<br /> |total_sc=0<br /> |invalid=16625<br /> |electorate=2993699<br /> |source=ECI&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3807-himachal-pradesh-1990/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=9 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> }}<br /> <br /> ==Elected members==<br /> {|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;<br /> !Constituency<br /> !Reserved for&lt;br/&gt;([[Scheduled Castes|SC]]/[[Scheduled Tribes|ST]]/None)<br /> !Member<br /> !colspan=2|Party<br /> !Vote<br /> !Runner-up Candidates Name<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party<br /> !vote<br /> |-<br /> | Kinnaur || ST || Thakur Sen Negi || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |17653<br /> |Gopi Chand Negi<br /> | {{Party name with color|Independent politician}}<br /> |11187<br /> |-<br /> | Rampur || SC || Singhi Ram || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |18777<br /> |Ninzoo Ram<br /> | {{Party name with color|Independent politician}}<br /> |6921<br /> |-<br /> | Rohru || None || Virbhadra Singh || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |27602<br /> |Satya Dev Bushehari<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |2976<br /> |-<br /> | Jubbal-kotkhai || None || Ram Lal || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |16209<br /> |Virbhadra Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |14723<br /> |-<br /> | Chopal || None || Radha Raman Shastri || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |17124<br /> |Yogendra Chandra<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |7027<br /> |-<br /> | Kumarsain || None || Bhagat Ram Chauhan || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |16078<br /> |Jai Bihari Lal Khachi<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |13892<br /> |-<br /> | Theog || None || Vidya Stokes || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |15586<br /> |Keshav Ram Kashyap<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |14782<br /> |-<br /> | Simla || None || Suresh Bharadwaj || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |12701<br /> |Rakesh Singha<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |6857<br /> |-<br /> | Kasumpti || SC || Roop Dass Kashyap || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |20770<br /> |Shonkia Ram Kashyap<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |7493<br /> |-<br /> | Arki || None || Nagin Chander Pal || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |15350<br /> |Amar Chand Pal<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |4352<br /> |-<br /> | Doon || None || Chaudhary Lajja Ram || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |13974<br /> |Lekh Ram<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |6485<br /> |-<br /> | Nalagarh || None || Vijayandra Singh || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |19774<br /> |Kehar Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |13428<br /> |-<br /> | Kasauli || SC || Satya Pal Kamboj || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |11333<br /> |Raghu Raj<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |7301<br /> |-<br /> | Solan || None || Mahender Nath Sofat || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |11882<br /> |Gian Chand<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |9147<br /> |-<br /> | Pachhad || SC || Ganguram Musafir || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |17006<br /> |Kali Dass<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |11835<br /> |-<br /> | Rainka || SC || Roop Singh || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |13836<br /> |Prem Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |11147<br /> |-<br /> | Shillai || None || Jagat Singh Negi || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |13375<br /> |Harshvardhan Singh Chauhan<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |9907<br /> |-<br /> | Paonta Doon || None || Fateh Singh || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |19750<br /> |Kush Parmar<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |13854<br /> |-<br /> | Nahan || None || Shyama Sharma || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |15810<br /> |Ajay Bahadur Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |8516<br /> |-<br /> | Kotkehloor || None || [[Krishan Kumar Kaushal]] || {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}<br /> |18437<br /> |Ramlal Thakur<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12846<br /> |-<br /> | Bilaspur || None || Sadaram Thakur || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |18309<br /> |Shiv Ram<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |10547<br /> |-<br /> | Ghumarwin || None || Karamdev Dharmani || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |16336<br /> |Kashmir Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |10843<br /> |-<br /> | Geharwin || SC || Rikhi Ram Kondal || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |15784<br /> |Beeru Ram Kisore<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12833<br /> |-<br /> | Nadaun || None || Narain Chand Prashar || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12198<br /> |Babu Ram Mandial<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |9860<br /> |-<br /> | Hamirpur || None || Jagdev Chand || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |18554<br /> |Anita Verma<br /> | {{Party name with color|Independent politician}}<br /> |9667<br /> |-<br /> | Bamsan || None || Lashkari Ram || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |16450<br /> |Karam Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |7131<br /> |-<br /> | Mewa || SC || Ishwar Dass || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |20832<br /> |Dharam Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |8908<br /> |-<br /> | Nadaunta || None || Ram Rattan Sharma || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |19626<br /> |Manjit Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |11536<br /> |-<br /> | Gagret || SC || Sadhu Ram || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |17815<br /> |Kuldip Kumar<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |10351<br /> |-<br /> | Chintpurni || None || Sushma Sharma || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |13619<br /> |Hari Dutt Sharma<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |10718<br /> |-<br /> | Santokgarh || None || Kashmiri Lal Joshi || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |21240<br /> |Vijay Kumar Joshi<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12451<br /> |-<br /> | Una || None || Desraj || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |22585<br /> |Virender Gautam<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |14759<br /> |-<br /> | Kutlehar || None || Ranjit Singh || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |15994<br /> |Ram Nath Sharma<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |11988<br /> |-<br /> | Nurpur || None || Kewal Singh || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |21879<br /> |Sat Mahajan<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |18436<br /> |-<br /> | Gangath || SC || Des Raj || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |20944<br /> |Girdhari Lal<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |7345<br /> |-<br /> | Jawali || None || Sujan Singh Pathania || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |19508<br /> |Rajan Sushant<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |17787<br /> |-<br /> | Guler || None || Harbans Singh Rana || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |15140<br /> |Chander Kumar<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12099<br /> |-<br /> | Jaswan || None || Kashmir Singh Rana || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |14155<br /> |Viplove Thakur<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |11036<br /> |-<br /> | Pragpur || SC || Virender Kumar || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |20197<br /> |Yog Raj<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |11359<br /> |-<br /> | Jawalamukhi || None || Dhani Ram || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |19152<br /> |Sushil Chand Rattan<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |7037<br /> |-<br /> | Thural || None || Kanwar Durga Chand || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |12626<br /> |Aditya Dev Chand<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |5730<br /> |-<br /> | Rajgir || SC || Atma Ram || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |13517<br /> |Milkh Ram Goma<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |7861<br /> |-<br /> | Baijnath || None || Dulo Ram || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |16371<br /> |Sant Ram<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12576<br /> |-<br /> | Palampur || None || Shanta Kumar || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |18012<br /> |Brij Bihari Lal<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12050<br /> |-<br /> | Sulah || None || Shanta Kumar || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |14930<br /> |Man Chand Rana<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |10664<br /> |-<br /> | Nagrota || None || Ram Chand Bhatia || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |17346<br /> |Hardyal<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12489<br /> |-<br /> | Shahpur || None || Vijai Singh Mankotia || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |17130<br /> |Ajit Pal<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12677<br /> |-<br /> | Dharamsala || None || Kishan Chand || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |18666<br /> |Mool Raj Padha<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |5003<br /> |-<br /> | Kangra || None || Vidya Sagar || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |24729<br /> |Hari Krishan Chand<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |7899<br /> |-<br /> | Bhattiyat || None || Shiv Kumar || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |15620<br /> |Kuldip Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |8589<br /> |-<br /> | Banikhet || None || Gandharv Singh || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |11962<br /> |Asha Kumari<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |10464<br /> |-<br /> | Rajnagar || SC || Mohan Lal || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |17127<br /> |Nand Kumar<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |9549<br /> |-<br /> | Chamba || None || Kishori Lal || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |17938<br /> |Sagar Chand<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |12189<br /> |-<br /> | Bharmour || ST || Tulsi Ram || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |15727<br /> |Thakur Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |8106<br /> |-<br /> | Lahaul And Spiti || ST || Phunchog Rai || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |6533<br /> |Hishe Dogia<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |5082<br /> |-<br /> | Banjar || None || Karan Singh || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |22084<br /> |Satya Prakash Thakur<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |16948<br /> |-<br /> | Ani || SC || Khub Ram || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |22407<br /> |Diwan Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |9569<br /> |-<br /> | Karsog || SC || Joginder Pal || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |15855<br /> |Mansa Ram<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |3995<br /> |-<br /> | Chachiot || None || Moti Ram || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |12654<br /> |Vir Singh<br /> | {{Party name with color|Independent politician}}<br /> |7072<br /> |-<br /> | Nachan || SC || Dile Ram || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |16334<br /> |Tek Chand<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |11858<br /> |-<br /> | Sundernagar || None || Roop Singh || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |15778<br /> |Sher Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |8641<br /> |-<br /> | Balh || SC || Damodar Dass || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |24088<br /> |Piru Ram<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |10900<br /> |-<br /> | Gopalpur || None || Leela || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |17021<br /> |Rangila Ram<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |16581<br /> |-<br /> | Dharampur || None || Mahender Singh || {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}<br /> |11970<br /> |Priya Brat<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |8248<br /> |-<br /> | Joginder Nagar || None || Gulab Singh || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |15924<br /> |Rattan Lal<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br /> |11571<br /> |-<br /> | Darang || None || Dina Nath || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |18980<br /> |Kaul Singh<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |15699<br /> |-<br /> | Mandi || None || Kanhaiya Lal || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br /> |19732<br /> |Durga Dutt Thakur<br /> | {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br /> |10842<br /> |-<br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[List of constituencies of the Assam Legislative Assembly]]<br /> *[[1990 elections in India]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Himachal Pradesh elections}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:State Assembly elections in Himachal Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:1990s in Himachal Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:1990 State Assembly elections in India|Himachal]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buddhism,_the_Fulfilment_of_Hinduism&diff=492464 2025-11-27T16:46:51Z

<p>Igorcaf: new a page</p> <hr /> <div>{{EngvarB|date=October 2013}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox historical event<br /> |Event_Name = Buddhism, the Fulfilment of Hinduism<br /> |Image_Name = Swami Vivekananda 1893 Chicago image Harrison.jpg<br /> |Imagesize = 230px<br /> |Image_Alt = &lt;!-- Alt text for image --&gt;<br /> |Image_Caption = Swami Vivekananda in Chicago in 1893<br /> |Thumb_Time = &lt;!-- Video thumbnail frame – see below --&gt;<br /> |AKA = &lt;!-- Also known as: alternative name(s) of the event --&gt;<br /> |Location = Chicago, United States<br /> |Date = 26 September 1893<br /> |nongregorian = &lt;!-- Set if date is not in Gregorian calendar; may be any text value, but suggestions are: &quot;yes&quot;, a calendar name (e.g. &quot;Julian&quot;), or &quot;prehistoric&quot;. --&gt;<br /> |URL = {{URL|http://www.parliamentofreligions.org/}}<br /> }}<br /> <br /> &quot;'''Buddhism, the Fulfilment of Hinduism'''&quot; is a lecture delivered by Indian Hindu monk and expounder [[Swami Vivekananda]] on 26 September 1893 at the [[Parliament of the World's Religions#1893 Parliament|Parliament of the World's Religions]] in Chicago. In this lecture, he expressed his opinion that &quot;Buddhism was the fulfilment of Hinduism.&quot;{{sfn|Amore|1979|p=74}}<br /> <br /> == Background ==<br /> {{Main|Swami Vivekananda at the Parliament of the World's Religions (1893)}}<br /> In 1893, Swami Vivekananda went to the United States and joined the [[Parliament of the World's Religions]] as a delegate of Hinduism and India, which ran from 11 to 27 September in that year in Chicago. This event also marked the first world conference of the representatives of Eastern and Western religions. After his introductory speech to the Parliament of religions on 11 September 1893, which was of a general nature stating no religion was superior or inferior to the other, his subsequent lectures were on 15th, 19, 20 and 26 September were on specific issues of religion.{{sfn|Ghosh|2003|page=81}}<br /> <br /> == Lecture ==<br /> {{Wikisource|The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda/Volume 1/Addresses at The Parliament of Religions/Buddhism, the Fulfilment of Hinduism|&quot;Buddhism, the Fulfilment of Hinduism&quot;}}<br /> <br /> This lecture was delivered on 26 September 1893.{{sfn|Vivekananda|page=28}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://chicagovedanta.org/1893.html|title=The 1893 World's Fair|publisher=Vivekananda Vedanta Society of Chicago|access-date=17 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Swami Vivekananda, also known as &quot;neo-Vedanti&quot;,{{sfn|King|2013|p=97}} in his lecture at the [[Parliament of the World's Religions|Parliament]], highlighted the fact that the Buddha is worshipped as one of the incarnations of God whereas in China, Japan and [[Ceylon]] (Sri Lanka) Buddhism is the religious practice. He particularly said that Buddhism was a rebel child of Hinduism. Buddha's teachings were a &quot;Gift to the World&quot; and drew parallels to Christianity emerging from Jesus, a Jew. {{sfn|King|2013|p=97}} He stated that the two religious practices – [[Hinduism]], a [[Historical Vedic religion|Vedic religion]], and Buddhism of the [[Shakyamuni]], a [[Hindu]] who &quot;expanded on the truths from the hidden Vedas&quot; – are mutually inclusive. The teachings of Buddha were not new but were rooted in Vedic scriptures, and he was the first monk who initiated the [[proselytisation]] of his ethos all over the world; the other religious preachers came much later. However, one distinction he pointed out in his lecture was a comparison with other religions of the world such as Christianity in which [[Jews]] who opposed [[Jesus]] Christ crucified him, while in India in contrast Buddha was worshipped as God. He was also critical of the way Buddhism was practised in the world now.{{sfn|Vivekananda|page=28}}{{sfn|King|2013|p=97}}<br /> <br /> Swamiji elaborated on the reasons for the near total elimination of the Buddhist religion ([[Mahayana Buddhism]]) from India. He said that &quot;At the present day there is not one who calls oneself a Buddhist in India, the land of its birth.&quot; This was because Buddha's philosophy clashed with the &quot;eternal rocks of the Vedas&quot; to which people, Brahmin's in particular, were wedded and did not want to accept change. Thus, Buddhism could not survive in India. When Buddha was asked by his Brahmin disciples to translate his works, which were in the local language of the people, to Sanskrit, his reply was &quot;I am for the poor, for the people; let me speak in the tongue of the people.&quot; Swamiji also mentioned in his speech the loss to India was the &quot;reforming zeal, that wonderful sympathy and charity for everybody, that wonderful leaven which Buddhism had brought to the masses.&quot; {{sfn|Vivekananda|page=28}}{{sfn|King|2013|p=97}}<br /> <br /> Swamiji also stated that Buddhism should not be confused with [[Vedanta]], in the same way as [[The Salvation Army]] is not to be confused with Christianity.{{sfn|King|2013|p=97}} Swamiji also opined that Buddhism was the &quot;fulfillment of Hinduism&quot; and thus Buddhists were wedded to the &quot;brains and philosophy of the Brahmins&quot; and similarly the Buddhists were the heart of the Hinduism.{{sfn|Amore|1979|p=74}}<br /> <br /> == Significance ==<br /> According to Rabindra Kumar Dasgupta, the author of ''Swami Vivekananda on Indian philosophy and literature'', it was his &quot;historic address on Buddhism&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dasgupta 1996 p103&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|Dasgupta|1996|p=102}}&lt;/ref&gt; A summary of the lecture was published ''The Indian Mirror'' on 29 June 1895, which emphasised the concluding words of the lecture—&lt;ref name=&quot;Indian Mirror&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=A summary of Buddhism, the Fulfilment of Hinduism|url=http://cwsv.belurmath.org/volume_9/newspaper_reports/part_iii_indian_newspaper_reports/07_the_indian_mirror_jun_29_1895.htm|access-date=13 September 2013|newspaper=The Indian Mirror|date=29 June 1895|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130913183031/http://cwsv.belurmath.org/volume_9/newspaper_reports/part_iii_indian_newspaper_reports/07_the_indian_mirror_jun_29_1895.htm|archive-date=13 September 2013|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;We cannot live without you, nor you without us. Then believe that separation has shown to us, that you cannot stand without the brain and the philosophy of the Brahman [sic], nor we without your heart. This separation between the Buddhist and the Brahman [Brahmin] is the cause of the downfall of India. That is why India has been the slave of conquerors for the past 1000 years. Let us then join the wonderful intellect of the Brahman [Brahmin] with the heart, the noble soul, the wonderful humanising power of the Great Master.&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The Srilankan Buddhist pioneer [[Anagarika Dharmapala]] equally spoke at this gathering and stressed on Buddha's word as a universal Teaching.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://parliamentofreligions.org/sites/default/files/Dharmapala_0.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=31 May 2018 |archive-date=13 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413163734/https://parliamentofreligions.org/sites/default/files/Dharmapala_0.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> === Bibliography ===<br /> * {{cite book|last= Amore|first=Roy C.| title=Developments in Buddhist Thought: Canadian Contributions to Buddhist Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EHGfOqNa38oC&amp;pg=PA74|year=1979|publisher=Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press|isbn=978-0-919812-11-6}}<br /> * {{cite book|last=Dasgupta|first=Rabindra Kumar|title=Swami Vivekananda on Indian philosophy and literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U4LXAAAAMAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture|isbn=978-81-85843-81-0}}<br /> * {{cite book|last= Ghosh |first=Gautam |title=The Prophet of Modern India: A Biography of Swami Vivekananda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ThLiJ4cplZwC|year=2003|publisher=Rupa &amp; Company|isbn=978-81-291-0149-5}}<br /> * {{cite book|last= King |first=Richard |title=Orientalism and Religion: Post-Colonial Theory, India and &quot;The Mystic East&quot;|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eOiDNx_co5wC&amp;pg=PT97|date=3 April 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-63234-3}}<br /> * {{cite book|last=Vivekananda|first=Swami|title=Swami Vivekananda at the Parliament of Religions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lw4gkcQS7cEC|publisher=Indic Publication|isbn=978-1-301-19120-8}}<br /> <br /> {{Swami Vivekananda}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Buddhism and Hinduism]]<br /> [[Category:Swami Vivekananda lectures]]<br /> [[Category:Philosophy lectures]]<br /> [[Category:1890s speeches]]<br /> [[Category:1893 works]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khiamniungan_folk_dances&diff=509741 2025-11-17T01:00:07Z

<p>Igorcaf: Started a info!</p> <hr /> <div>{{Multiple issues|<br /> {{Orphan|date=August 2023}}<br /> {{Cleanup|date=August 2023|reason=Unclear structure}}<br /> {{Notability|date=May 2024}}<br /> }}<br /> [[File:Patsho Khiamniungan folk dance (Ahang).webm|thumb|Short version of [[Patsho]] folk dance at [[Shiemong]] Circus.]] <br /> [[File:Hangtui Patsho Khiamniungan women folk dance.webm|thumb|''Hangtui''- Khiamniungan women folk dance at [[Shiemong]] Circus.]]<br /> <br /> {{Infobox<br /> | name = Khiamniungan folk dances<br /> | image = <br /> | caption1 = Author: JK Photos Nagaland. Cultural club Patsho dancing vigorously<br /> <br /> |label1=Langnyu Khiamjangje<br /> |data1= Performs during Miu &amp; Tsoukum Festivals<br /> |label2=Jāmhàng<br /> |data2= Feast of merit Dance<br /> |label3= Hòi-ìe-tsûi<br /> |data3=Performs during Tsoukum<br /> |label4=Shāpāutāithíu<br /> |data4= Welcome Dance or Warm reception dance<br /> |label5= Khèulàk <br /> |data5= Performs on the eve of war<br /> |label6=Nòknàp-ìe-tsùikūap<br /> |data6= Peace Treaty Reception Dance<br /> |label7=Shīkūoh<br /> |data7= Vigorious male dance<br /> |label8=Tsūichōng/hūonèu dance<br /> |data8=Pre-war dance<br /> |label9=ī-lī-tsùihāng<br /> |data9=war dance or victory dance<br /> |label10=Khāuhtsāusîe dance<br /> |data10= Performs during Khāuhtsāusîe festival<br /> <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Tsuikuap''' (i.e. folk dance) of the [[Khiamniungan people|Khiamniungan]] is not just singing and dancing but deeply rooted to cultural identity and contains deep meaning. It is done fully dressed with traditional clothing like [[Ahangküha]], [[spears]], [[Dao]], [[shield]] etc.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |date=2020-11-13 |title=Traditional Folk Dances of Nagaland - Nagaland GK |url=https://nagalandgk.com/traditional-folk-dances-of-nagaland/ |access-date=2023-08-21 |website=nagalandgk.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==List of Khiamniungan folk dances==<br /> <br /> '''Langnyu-Khiamjangje''' (Langnyu-Khiamtsangshe) dance is a traditional folk dance performed by the [[Khiamniungan Naga]] tribe of [[Nagaland]] during two of their most important festivals i.e. [[Miu (Naga festival)|Miu]] and [[Tsoukum]], which are co-related to each other.<br /> &lt;ref&gt;[https://nagalandgk.com/traditional-folk-dances-of-nagaland/ : TRADITIONAL FOLK DANCES OF NAGALAND]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Jamhang'''(Jamhang Tsouthong) Dance: The ‘Jamhang’ is a 'Feast of Merit' dance of ‘Khiamniungan’ tribe of Nagaland. It is also one of the major tribal dances of north east India.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://indianetzone.wpcomstaging.com/2022/03/29/tribal-dances-of-north-east-india/ |title=: Tribal Dances of North East India |access-date=2023-08-21 |archive-date=2023-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230820182818/https://indianetzone.wpcomstaging.com/2022/03/29/tribal-dances-of-north-east-india/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Hoi-ie-tsui''' (Ho-e-tsui) : post-harvesting feast usually performs during [[Tsoukum]] festival in the month of October each year.&lt;ref&gt;[https://easternmirrornagaland.com/hornbill-2018-day-three-offers-naga-cultural-treat/ : Hornbill 2018: Day three offers Naga cultural treat]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Shapautaithiu''' Dance : Traditional welcome dance to any social occasions. This dance is perform moving backward while the '''Shapau'''(Chief guest) is following them facing the dance group.&lt;ref&gt;[https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=mVQyZCjxILc:Khiamniungan traditional way of welcoming Chief Guest to any social occasions - YouTube]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Kheulak''':<br /> On the eve of every fight, a group of six warriors, donned with combat armour and weapons would perform a dance-like ritual called kheulak at the anterior of the main Morung. They do this as a vow or pledge to kill the enemies in war by keeping the Dao(Naga national Sword) on the ground in front of them and jump with temerity and courageous behavior.<br /> <br /> '''Noknap-ie-tsuikuap''' (Noknapizuinuap) (Peace Treaty Reception Dance)The peace treaty between villages is usually carried out in the month of January when the village folks are free from [[jhum]] cultivation. The ceremony is done with the mutual desire of villages to end hostilities and bring about friendship and peaceful coexistence.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTA&quot;&gt;[https://repository.tribal.gov.in/bitstream/123456789/75187/1/traditional_art_form.pdf: Ministry of Tribal Affairs]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Shikuoh''' (War Dance): A fearless male dance replication of war with fighting tools wandering around shouting giving out battle cry to keep the village safe from enemy's attack.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTA&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Tsuichong/huoneu''' There is also a Pre-war Dance called Tsouchong. This dance is performed by every able-bodied man, preparing to go for war. Here, their movements depict the fierce behavior of tigers, bears and other wild animals when roused to anger. Giving out high pitched shouts and yells, they psych themselves up for the battle ahead.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTA&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> '''I-li-tsuihang''' (ElieZuihang): which means victory Dance. This dance signifies victory and strength. During the head hunting days, cutting of an enemy's head was considered an important trophy of war and proof of bravery. On returning to the village after a successful war raid, the enemy's head is taken to the morung and the ''I-li-tsuihang dance'' is performed with vigor, thereby their resolve to strengthen and defend their village is renewed.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTA&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> '''Khāutsāuhsîe Dance''' (Dance of Merry Making)This dance is performed during the [[Khautsauhsie|khāutsāuhsîe]] Sümai (Khaozaosie-Hok-Ah) festival as an expression of gratitude to the Almighty God (Kōuh-ô) for all the blessings bestowed upon the people. The festival is celebrated in the month of January before the new agricultural cycle begins. The food grains stored in the granaries are used in rituals to thank the Gods and also for feasting. &quot;The song accompanying the dance translates as ''Come great Barbet bird, let us rejoice together.'' The mountains are clad in snow which signifies the abundant blessings bestowed upon us.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;MTA&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> *[[Khiamniungan people]]<br /> *[[Tsoukum]]<br /> *[[Patsho]]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Indian Folk Dances, List Of}}<br /> [[Category:Indian folk dances| ]]<br /> [[Category:Indian culture-related lists]]<br /> [[Category:India dance-related lists]]<br /> [[Category:Naga people]]<br /> [[Category:Noklak district]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=1967_Odisha_Legislative_Assembly_election&diff=465076 2025-11-14T09:36:37Z

<p>Igorcaf: reworked intro</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT [[1967 Orissa Legislative Assembly election]]<br /> <br /> {{Redirect category shell|<br /> {{R from move}}<br /> }}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdur_Rahim_Raipuri&diff=484257 2025-10-31T20:15:37Z

<p>Igorcaf: Put up first info w/ infobox.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian Islamic scholar and Sufi (1855–1919)}}<br /> {{Infobox religious biography <br /> | name = Shah Abdur Rahim Raipuri <br /> | image = Abdur Rahim Raipuri.jpg<br /> | caption = <br /> | birth_date = 1855 <br /> | birth_place = Ambala, Punjab, India <br /> | death_date = 27 January 1919 <br /> | death_place = Raipur, Saharanpur, India <br /> | resting_place = Raipur <br /> | religion = Islam <br /> | denomination = Sunni <br /> | movement = [[Deobandi]] <br /> | main_interests = Islamic education, Sufism, Quranic teaching <br /> | notable_works = Establishment of maktabs (Quranic schools) <br /> | teacher = [[Rashid Ahmad Gangohi]], [[Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri]] <br /> | influenced = [[Abdul Qadir Raipuri]] <br /> | title = Shah <br /> }} <br /> <br /> '''Shah Abdur Rahim Raipuri''' ({{langx|ar|الشيخ عبد الرحيم الرائ فوري}}, 1855–1919; 1272–1337 AH) was an Indian Islamic scholar, Sufi, and mentor associated with the [[Deobandi movement]]. He served as the spiritual guide (''murshid'') to many disciples and as a senior patron of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] and [[Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur]].<br /> <br /> == Early life and education == <br /> Shah Abdur Rahim Raipuri was born in 1855 (1272 AH) in the village of Ambala, Punjab, India, to Rao Ashraf Ali Khan. His family later settled in Raipur, Saharanpur district.&lt;ref name=&quot;Khalili&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Khalili Qasmi |first=Muhammadullah |author-link=Muhammadullah Khalili Qasmi |url=https://archive.org/details/darul-uloom-deob-ki-jamey-wa-mukhtasar-tareekh-edition-2/page/n74/mode/1up |title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Jame O Mukhtasar Tareekh |trans-title=Comprehensive and Concise History of Darul Uloom Deoband |publisher=Shaikh-Ul-Hind Academy |edition=2nd |date= October 2020 |location=India |language=ur |oclc=1345466013 |page=513}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Mubarakpuri|first=Arif Jameel|author-link=Arif Jameel Mubarakpuri|title=Mausoo'a Ulama-u- Deoband|trans-title=The Encyclopedia of Deobandi Scholars|date=2021|edition=1st|publisher=Shaikhul Hind Academy|location=Deoband|pages=196–197|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt; He received his early education in his native village, Takri, and pursued advanced religious studies in Rampur and Saharanpur. Among his teachers was [[Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri]].{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=513}} <br /> <br /> During his youth, he developed a deep spiritual connection with [[Rashid Ahmad Gangohi]], whom he first met as a child. Later, he became a disciple (''murid'') of Shah Abdul Rahim Saharanpuri and was formally authorized in the Sufi path (''ijazah'').{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=513}} <br /> <br /> == Career == <br /> Raipuri was known for his asceticism, humility, and devotion to Islamic learning. He played a leading role in establishing and supervising religious and Quranic schools (''maktabs'') in his region.{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=514}} His residence near the [[Yamuna|Jamna canal]] in Raipur became a center for spiritual instruction and guidance. He emphasized simplicity, seclusion, and continuous remembrance of God.{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=514}} <br /> <br /> He was appointed a member of the governing council (''Majlis-e-Shura'') of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] in 1902 (1320 AH). When [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]] departed for the [[Hejaz]] in 1914 (1333 AH), Raipuri was chosen as the senior patron (''sarparast'') of the seminary and continued in this position until Mahmud Hasan’s return from [[Malta]] in 1918 (1337 AH).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Tayyib|first1=Qari Muhammad|author1-link=Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi|title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Sad-Sāla Zindagi |trans-title=Centenary Life of Darul Uloom Deoband |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/darul-uloom-deoband-ki-sad-saala-zindagi-qari-muhammad-tayyab-ebooks#108 |publisher=VC Office, Darul Uloom|location=Deoband|page=94|date=June 1965|edition=1st|language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=514}} <br /> <br /> He also served as a patron of [[Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur]], maintaining close ties with its rector, [[Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri]].{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=514}}<br /> <br /> == Literary works == <br /> Although Raipuri did not leave behind formal writings, his teachings and sayings were preserved by disciples and later chroniclers. His biography and spiritual practices are recorded in works such as ''Sawānih-e-Maulana Shah Abdur Rahim Raipuri'' ({{langx|ur|سوانحِ مولانا شاہ عبد الرحیم رائے پوری}}, ''Biography of Maulana Shah Abdur Rahim Raipuri'') by Abdul Khaliq Azad Raipuri.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Raipuri |first1=Abdul Khaliq Azad|title=Sawānih-e-Maulana Shah Abdur Rahim Raipuri |trans-title=Biography of Maulana Shah Abdur Rahim Raipuri |url=https://archive.org/details/sawaneh-e-hayat-maulana-abdur-rahim-raipuri |date=August 2016|edition=2nd|publisher=Rahimia Matbū'āt|location=[[Lahore]] |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> His personality and contributions are also discussed in ''Mashāhīr-e-Ulama-e-Deoband'' (''Notables Among the Scholars of Deoband'') by Qari Fuyūz ar-Rahman.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=ar-Rahman |first1=Fuyūz |title=Mashāhīr-e-Ulama-e-Deoband |trans-title=Notables Among the Scholars of Deoband |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/mashaheer-ulama-e-deoband-qari-fuyuzur-rahman-ebooks#296 |year=1976|volume=1|publisher=Azīzia Book Depot|location=Urdu Bazar, Lahore |pages=281–187 |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death and legacy == <br /> Raipuri died on 25 Rabi al-Thani 1337 AH (27 January 1919 CE) in Raipur, Saharanpur.{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=515}} He was buried in the same garden where he spent the final years of his life, near the mosque on its southern side.{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=515}} <br /> <br /> He was succeeded spiritually by his disciple [[Abdul Qadir Raipuri]]. His devotion to Quranic recitation, emphasis on moral reform, and establishment of Quranic schools left a lasting impact on the [[Deobandi movement]] in northern India.{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=515}} <br /> <br /> == References == <br /> {{Reflist}} <br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Raipuri, Abdur Rahim}}<br /> [[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]] <br /> [[Category:Deobandis]] <br /> [[Category:1855 births]] <br /> [[Category:1919 deaths]] <br /> [[Category:People from Saharanpur district]] <br /> [[Category:Indian Sufis]]<br /> [[Category:Patrons of Darul Uloom Deoband]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Machilipatnam_Lighthouse&diff=514244 2025-10-23T05:12:00Z

<p>Igorcaf: Put up pg</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Lighthouse in Machilipatnam, India}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox lighthouse<br /> | name = Machilipatnam Lighthouse<br /> | image = Machilipatnam Light House at Manginapudi.jpg<br /> | caption = Machilipatnam Lighthouse<br /> | location = [[Machilipatnam]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> | coordinates = {{coord|16.24666667|81.23361111|format=dms|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}<br /> | yearlit = 1858<br /> | automated = <br /> | yeardeactivated = 1930<br /> | foundation = <br /> | construction = <br /> | shape = cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern<br /> | marking = black and white bands<br /> | height = {{convert|50|m|ft}}<br /> | focalheight = <br /> | lens = <br /> | currentlens = <br /> | lightsource = 150 Watts Metal Halide Lamps<br /> | intensity = 166000<br /> | range = {{convert|20|nmi}}<br /> | characteristic = <br /> | fogsignal = <br /> | racon = <br /> | country = India<br /> | countrynumber = <br /> | countrylink = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''Machilipatnam Lighthouse''' was first established in 1858, at [[Manginapudi Beach]], approximately {{convert|11|km}} from the town of [[Machilipatnam]], India.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> The first light at Machilipatnam was commissioned in 1852 at a different location.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Swaminathan |first=S |title=History of Science and Technology in Tamil Nadu Through the Ages |publisher=Research Publishing |year=2012 |isbn=978-981-07-1409-3 |pages=152}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The current lighthouse was commissioned in 1984, replacing a smaller structure built in 1930. During the [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami|tsunami of 2004]] that caused deaths at Machilipatnam, the tsunami waves reached the base of the lighthouse.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Machilipatnam Lighthouse |url=https://www.dgll.nic.in/DGLL-light-house-location/about-vishakhapatnam/machilipatnam-lighthouse |website=Director General of Lighthouses and Lightships, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Government of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Architecture and fittings==<br /> The current lighthouse is a {{convert|50|m}} tall RCC structure situated around {{convert|50|m}} above MSL painted with alternating black and white bands. It has a geographical range of 16.5 nautical miles and a nautical range of 20 nautical miles. Fitted with a metal halide lamp, the rotation speed of the light beam is three rotations per minute with an effective beam intensity of 166,000 [[candela]]s.&lt;ref name=&quot;gov&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Master Ledger of Machilipatnam Light house |url=https://www.dgll.nic.in/sites/default/files/2022-11/Machilipatnam%20Lighthouse.pdf |website=Director General of Lighthouses and Lightships, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Government of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Visit and facilities==<br /> The lighthouse is open for visitors. It has a powerhouse and staff quarters.&lt;ref name=&quot;gov&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Buildings and structures in Andhra Pradesh]]<br /> [[Category:Lighthouses completed in 1858]]<br /> [[Category:Lighthouses in India]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muneeswarar&diff=470821 2025-10-14T00:29:48Z

<p>Igorcaf: general correct page as per guidelines also</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Hindu deity}}<br /> {{more citations needed|date=May 2020}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}<br /> {{Infobox deity&lt;!--Wikipedia:WikiProject Hindu mythology--&gt;<br /> | image = Muneeswarar.jpg<br /> | type = hindu<br /> | other_names = {{ubl|Muni|Muniyandi|Muniyappan|Ayya}}<br /> | abode = [[Not accurate]]<br /> | weapon = [[Aruval]],[[Gada (mace)|Gada]],[[Trident|Trishūla]], [[Silver stick]]<br /> | mount = [[Horse]]<br /> | day = [[Tuesday|Wednesday|Friday|Saturday]]<br /> }}<br /> '''Muneeswarar,''' or '''Muneeswaran''' ([[Tamil language|Tamil]]: '''முனீஸ்வரன்''' [[Malayalam]]''': മുനീശ്വരൻ''' ), is a popular [[Hindu]] deity within Hinduism, and is worshipped by many, in countries such as India, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Fiji and many more.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Sinha |first=Vineeta |title=A New God in the Diaspora?: Muneeswaran Worship in Contemporary Singapore |publisher=NUS Press |year=2007 |isbn=9789814722247 |location=Singapore |pages=3–6 |language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is sometimes referred to by different names, such as Muniyandi, Muniyappan, Muni Ayya, Ayya amongst many others.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Muneeswarar is mostly considered a guardian deity or minor, but is in some cases hierarchically considered to be on par with [[Shiva]], one of the main deities in the [[Hinduism|Hindu]] trinity. Although not much is known on the exact origins and history of Muneeswarar, he is often regarded to be related to Shiva.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; His name is a combination of &quot;Muni&quot; (sage or ''saint)'', and &quot;Ishvara&quot;, an epithet or title of [[Shiva]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Muneeswaran |url=https://www.astroved.com/astropedia/en/gods/muneeswaran |access-date=24 Feb 2023 |website=AstroVed}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Depiction ==<br /> Muneeswarar is often believed to be an old/middle aged male deity.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; He is often portrayed wearing a large moustache and wielding weapons such as a [[trident]], [[Aruval|Indian machete]], whip and [[Vel|spear]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; His forehead and body is believed to be smeared with [[Vibhuti|holy ash]], an indication of his association with Shiva.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Darma Muneeswaran Temple Singapore History |url=https://www.dmt.org.sg |access-date=24 Feb 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Muneeswaran is mostly worshipped in the form of statues (granite, metals, clay etc) depicting his physical appearance, or merely in the form of the weapons he is associated with.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; In some cases, he is also worshiped in the form of a rock, brick, lamp or nothing at all.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Champakalakshmi |first=R. |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/48772488 |title=The Hindu temple |date=2001 |publisher=Roli Books |isbn=81-7436-094-8 |oclc=48772488}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is sometimes accompanied by other minor deities and animals (bulls, horses or dogs), which are believed to be his vehicles.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Punzo Waghorne |first=Joanne |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/180127598 |title=Diaspora of the Gods modern Hindu temples in an urban middle-class world |date=2007 |publisher=Oxford Univ. Press |isbn=978-0-19-515663-8 |oclc=180127598}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Different worship methods ==<br /> Muneeswarar is worshipped in both the orthodox [[Vedas|Vedic]] ways as well as the Non-Vedic ways.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; The former is based heavily on the [[Vedas]], [[Agama (Hinduism)|Agamas]] and other [[Puranas|sacred Hindu texts]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Muneeswarar worship in this regard is usually done in an elaborate and systematic way, with many strict rules to be followed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Orr |first=Leslie C. |title=Words for Worship: Tamil and Sanskrit in medieval temple inscriptions |date=2013 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.ifp.2909 |work=Bilingual discourse and cross-cultural fertilisation: Sanskrit and Tamil in medieval India |pages=325–357 |publisher=Institut Français de Pondichéry |doi=10.4000/books.ifp.2909 |isbn=978-81-8470-194-4 |access-date=2023-02-24|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; For example, prayers and rituals are usually conducted in the [[Sanskrit]] language by [[Brahmana|Bhramins]], and only vegetarian food products are offered to the deity for prayers and rituals.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Sri Mariamman Temple Singapore History |url=https://smt.org.sg/HEB/Template3/history |access-date=24 Feb 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; This method is mostly common in [[Agama (Hinduism)|Agamic temples]] that are very common in India, Singapore and Malaysia. In such temples, Muneeswaran is venerated as a “higher” deity, and treated as Shiva himself.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> The Non-Vedic way on the other hand is less rigid and not heavily bounded to sacred texts like the [[Vedas]] and [[Agama (Hinduism)|Agamas]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |first=CJ |last=Fuller |title=Only Śiva can Worship Śiva': Ritual Mistakes and their Correction in a South Indian Temple |publisher=Contributions to Indian Sociology |pages=169–189 |language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt; Its worship methods sometimes involve the usage of many items and methods that are otherwise considered taboo in Vedic Hinduism.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Sinha |first=Vineeta |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203842799 |title=Religion and Commodification |date=2011-04-13 |publisher=Routledge |doi=10.4324/9780203842799 |isbn=978-1-136-90825-5}}&lt;/ref&gt; Theses include things such as animal sacrifices, the offerings of non-vegetarian food items, alcohol and tobacco.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; This form of worship sometimes also sees the innovation of deity through phenomenons like Alaipu or [[trance]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Ward |first=Colleen |title=Thaipusam in Malaysia: A Psycho-Anthropological Analysis of Ritual Trance, Ceremonial Possession and Self-Mortification Practices |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/eth.1984.12.4.02a00020 |journal=Ethos |date=1984 |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=307–334 |doi=10.1525/eth.1984.12.4.02a00020 |issn=0091-2131|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; This style of worships can be found in Non-Agamic temples, shrines and homes.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Due to the differences in worship methods, Muneeshwaran has a variety of disciples from many different demographics.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==History and legend==<br /> [[File:Muneeswaran.jpg|thumb|[[List of Hindu temples|Muneeswarar , Munīshwaran, Munīshwaran முனீஸ்வரன்]]]]The history of Muneeshwaran and his worship remains ambiguous and unclear.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; In Hindu sacred texts such as the [[Vedas]] and [[Puranas]], there is no explicit mention of the deity.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; However, it is sometimes suggested that Muneeshwaran was present in most of these texts, but represented with a different name.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Apart from this claim, most of the widely accepted histories of the deity stems from oral traditions, that have been passed down from one generation to another.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Due to the lack of textual references, there is no way of verifying these claims and tracing their origins.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Most of these oral histories, although not entirely the same, seem to share commonalities with many stories from Hindu texts.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; One such legend of the origins of Muneeswaran is that of the omission of Shiva from the [[Daksha yajna|Daksha Yajna]], an elaborate ritual conducted by [[Daksha]]n, Shiva's father in law.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[Shiva|Lord Shiva]] was enraged by this, causing multiple deities to be formed in the process.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Munishwaran was believed to be one of the deities that was formed.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; There are contrasting claims as to whether the deity was born from Shiva's face, his sweat or simply created by him.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; In another legend, Muneeshwaran is considered to be a great devotee of Shiva who lived a long time ago, although the time is not specified.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Muneeshwaran pleased Shiva through his devotion, and thus the latter awarded him the title of “Iswaran” and blessed him as him guardian deity.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Some devotees and organisations closely related to the deity also acknowledge that Muneeshwaran does no have a history.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Their worship and faith stems from the deities miracles and current phenomena rather than from historical sources.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Despite all these differing claims, almost all accept the strong relation between Muneeshwaran and Shiva.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; In some cases, Muneeshwaran is believed to be created by [[Shiva]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; In others he is believed to be a form of [[Shiva]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jada Muni History |url=https://www.aanmeegam.in/en/jada-muni-history/ |website=Aanmeegam}}&lt;/ref&gt; In some cases, he is seen to be [[Shiva]] himself.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; This can be seen in temples where Muneeshwaran is depicted and worshipped in the exact same way as Shiva.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Examples of this include the Sri Munishwaran temple in Singapore, where Muneesharan wears a [[Vasuki|snake]] around his neck and has the [[Nandi (Hinduism)|Nandhi]] (vehicle of Shiva) in front of him, just like [[Shiva]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Different forms ==<br /> In some cases, there seems to be more than one form of Muneeshwaran, with each having his own respective characteristics and traits.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; The number of forms of Muneeshwaran vary from 3,7,9,18,108 and even 1008 in some cases.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; The most common forms are Shiva Muni, Maha Muni, Gnana Muni, Paandi Muni, Dharma Muni, Naadha Muni, Jada Muni, Vaal Muni, Thava Muni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt; Most other forms of Muneeshwaran are inspired from the above mentioned.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; In special cases, new forms of Muneeshwarans are introduced based on the devotees perception, vision or dream of the deity.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; An example of this slightly altered form of the deity would be Sri Veera Muthu Muneeshwaran in Singapore, in which the deity is portrayed as a strong warrior.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Sri Veeramuthu Muneeswarar Temple |url=http://singaporehindutemples.com/templelist/SreeVeeramuthuMuneeswarar/SreeVeeramuthuMuneeswarar.html# |access-date=24 Feb 2023 |website=Singapore Hindu Temples}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In most cases, Muneeshwaran is portrayed to be a fierce man, which supposedly is dedicated towards to the destruction of evil and other negative traits of humans alike.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; In other cases, Muneeshwaran is portrayed in a peaceful manner, which supposedly denotes his spiritual and boon giving tendencies.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Muneeshwaran Temple Singapore |url=https://www.roots.gov.sg/places/places-landing/Places/landmarks/my-queenstown-heritage-trail/sri-muneeswaran-temple-church-of-the-blessed-sacrament |access-date=24 Feb 2023 |website=Roots SG}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the difference in intensity, Muneeshwaran is almost always seen wearing a long and thick moustache and holding weapons, like a [[trident]], [[machete]] or whip.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> == Worship in Sri Lanka ==<br /> [[File:Muneeshvaran@nittawelatmple2.jpg|thumb|Muneeshvaran/Muniyaandi replica]]<br /> [[File:Muneeshvaran@nittawelatmple1.jpg|thumb|Muneeshvaran/Muniyaandi replica]]<br /> Statues of Munyandi or Munisewaran from a village in Kandy, Sri Lanka<br /> <br /> == Worship in Singapore and Malaysia ==<br /> Besides India, Muneeshwaran worship is extremely popular in Singapore and Malaysia, with many shrines and temples dedicated to the deity.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Most of these temples were initially set up by immigrants that came to Malaya from [[Tamil Nadu|Tamilnadu]], particularly Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Madurai and Salem, where the worship of the deity was prevalent.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |first=Vineeta |last=Sinha |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1023463853 |title=Religion-State Encounters in Hindu Domains: From the Straits Settlements to Singapore |date=2013 |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian |oclc=1023463853}}&lt;/ref&gt; Newer temples of Muneeshwaran were set up by descendants of these early Tamil migrants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Most shrines and temples started with the worship of simple religious objects that represented the deity, such as [[hero stone]]s, [[trident]]s, small bricks or stones.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; As the temples developed over the years, they built more intricate and complex statues of the deity, which portrayed his physical features.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; Some of these statues are colourfully painted and taller than average human beings. Other temple structures, such as Gopurams, were also developed and upgraded.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; Some of these small temples were converted into Vedic temples in the years.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; While this was the case for most temples, some temples still continue to be in its original state till date.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Muneeshwaran is sometimes worshipped along with deities from other religions such as [[Taoism]] and [[Buddhism]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Countries like [[Singapore]] and [[Malaysia]] are home to people of many different cultures and faiths, which allows for the above mentioned phenomenon.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Sinha |first=Vineeta |title=Mohammedan and Hindu Endowments Board, 1905–1968: The Singapore Experience |date=2011 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0887-7_5 |work=Religion-State Encounters in Hindu Domains |pages=125–183 |place=Dordrecht |publisher=Springer Netherlands |doi=10.1007/978-94-007-0887-7_5 |isbn=978-94-007-0886-0 |access-date=2023-02-24|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; In these instances, Muneeshwaran is seen as a contemporary to the deities of the various faiths.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; He is sometimes also venerated in different ways, including the offering Chinese joss sticks and food items.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Sinha |first=Vineeta |date=2007-12-11 |title='Hinduism' and 'Taoism' in Singapore: Seeing points of convergence |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463408000064 |journal=Journal of Southeast Asian Studies |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=123–147 |doi=10.1017/s0022463408000064 |issn=0022-4634|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Trance ==<br /> [[Trance]] is an important phenomenon that occurs in some forms of Muneeshwaran worship, particularly the Non-Vedic ones.&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Babb |first=Lawrence A. |date=1974 |title=Hindu Mediumship in Singapore 1 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/080382474x00022 |journal=Asian Journal of Social Science |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=29–43 |doi=10.1163/080382474x00022 |issn=1568-4849|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; This phenomenon essentially enables the deity to possess the body of a human, who then goes on to display physical traits of the deity.&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt; This is usually done at major festivals or prayers, and is considered to be a clear sign of the physical presence or blessing of the deity.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=McNeal |first=Keith E. |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813037363.001.0001 |title=Trance and Modernity in the Southern CaribbeanAfrican and Hindu Popular Religions in Trinidad and Tobago |date=2011-12-18 |publisher=University Press of Florida |doi=10.5744/florida/9780813037363.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-8130-3736-3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Some practitioners willingly invoke the deity into their bodies, while for others it happens without their control.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=8. Thaipusam Considered: The Divine Crossing |date=2017-12-31 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/9789814695831-010 |work=Thaipusam in Malaysia |pages=288–353 |publisher=ISEAS Publishing |doi=10.1355/9789814695831-010 |isbn=978-981-4695-83-1 |access-date=2023-02-24|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Trance is also used as a platform for devotees to communicate with the deity and vice versa, to provide solutions and advises for a multitude of topics.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> This topic is highly controversial and does not have unanimous support.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Some claim that Muneeshwaran is god, who is above all human attributes and perceptions.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Thus, it is impossible and not practical for him to possess people. Others on the other hand believe that his spirit is within the earthly realms, and thus it is possible for one to be possessed by him.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Karuppuswamy]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{commonscat}}<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120114170344/http://muniswarar.com/ Muniswarar.com - Online Ayya Temple]<br /> * http://www.ruthrakali.org.sg/htmlfiles/muneeswaran.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080318125545/http://www.ruthrakali.org.sg/htmlfiles/muneeswaran.htm |date=18 March 2008 }}<br /> * [http://srimuneeswarar.tripod.com/ Anbe Muneeswarar - site with a lot of information about Sri Muneeswarar]<br /> * http://www.indiadivine.org/audarya/shakti-sadhana/445079-not-kateri-parmeshwari-dee-mata-2.html<br /> * https://makemyservice.net/category/spiritual/<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Forms of Shiva]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil deities]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_Andhra_Pradesh&diff=502809 2025-10-03T11:26:47Z

<p>Igorcaf: redirect created</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT [[Andhra Pradesh#Religion]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Genes_season_3&diff=500212 2025-08-12T09:58:17Z

<p>Igorcaf: new a entry</p> <hr /> <div>{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}<br /> {{Infobox television season<br /> | image = Genes season 3.jpeg<br /> | caption = Logo<br /> | num_episodes =<br /> | bg_colour =#4B0082<br /> | network = [[Zee Tamil]]<br /> | first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|2018|06|17}}<br /> | last_aired = {{End date|df=yes|2021|07|04}} <br /> }}<br /> <br /> '''''Genes'' (season 3)''' is a 2018 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[game show]] telecast on [[Zee Tamil]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.televisionpost.com/zee-tamil-to-air-third-season-of-their-popular-game-show-genes/|title=Zee Tamil to air third season of their popular game show 'Genes'|website=www.televisionpost.com|language=en-US|access-date=22 June 2018|archive-date=22 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622060232/https://www.televisionpost.com/zee-tamil-to-air-third-season-of-their-popular-game-show-genes/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; The third season of the [[Genes (game show)|Genes]] game show was launched on 17 June 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/the-new-season-of-genes-is-all-set-to-hit-the-small-screen/articleshow/64467598.cms|title=The new season of 'Genes' is all set to hit the small screen - Times of India|work=The Times of India|access-date=22 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; The show is currently hosted by [[Priya Raman]] replacing fellow actress [[Roja Selvamani|Roja]] who previously hosted the first two editions of the game show.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/genes-game-show-is-back-priya-raman-to-host-the-new-season/articleshow/64605940.cms|title=Genes game show is back; Priya Raman to host the new season - Times of India|work=The Times of India|access-date=22 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Priya Raman has been hired as the presenter of the third season of ''Genes'' game show while she was shooting for the Zee Tamizh TV series ''[[Sembaruthi]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.exchange4media.com/industry-briefing/zee-tamil-launches-genes-hosted-by-actor-priya-raman_90525.html|title=Zee Tamil launches Genes hosted by actor Priya Raman|work=Indian Advertising Media &amp; Marketing News – exchange4media|access-date=22 June 2018|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Rules ==<br /> The third season similar to that of the [[Genes (season 2)|Genes season 2]] has four interesting rounds 1+1=3, Yaar Indha Star?, Anniyan and Vai Raaja Vai. The participants will be presented with a basic cash prize of 100,000 just prior to the beginning of the round one which would be either get reduced or multiplied relying upon the performance of the contestants in each level.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.exchange4media.com/industry-briefing/zee-tamil-launches-genes-hosted-by-actor-priya-raman-_90525.html|title=Zee Tamil launches Genes hosted by actor Priya Raman|work=Indian Advertising Media &amp; Marketing News – exchange4media|access-date=2018-06-22|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Guests included ==<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Episode<br /> !Guest(s)<br /> !Amount won<br /> |-<br /> |'''1''' (17 June 2018)<br /> |[[Robo Shankar]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.indwiki.co.in/zee-tamil-genes-sunday-at-230-pm-first-episode-robo-shankar-17th-june-2018/ |title=Robo Shankar takes part as the first contestant of the Genes season 3 |access-date=22 June 2018 |archive-date=22 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622073118/http://www.indwiki.co.in/zee-tamil-genes-sunday-at-230-pm-first-episode-robo-shankar-17th-june-2018/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''2''' (24 June 2018)<br /> |[[Namitha]] &amp; Veerendra Chowdary<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''3''' (1 July 2018)<br /> |[[Power Star Srinivasan]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''4''' (8 July 2018)<br /> |Oorvambu Lakshmi &amp; Shabanaa <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''5''' (15 July 2018)<br /> |[[Delhi Ganesh]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''6''' (22 July 2018)<br /> |[[Sathish]] &amp; RJ Nandhini<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''7''' (29 July 2018)<br /> |&quot;Rockstar&quot; [[Ramani Ammal]] &amp; [[Siddharth Vipin]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''8''' (5 August 2018)<br /> |Dinesh &amp; Reshma <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''9''' (12 August 2018)<br /> |[[Kavin (actor)|Kavin]] &amp; [[Arunraja Kamaraj]]<br /> |<br /> |- <br /> |'''10''' (19 August 2018)<br /> |[[Harish Kalyan]] &amp; [[Raiza Wilson]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''11''' (26 August 2018)<br /> | Nachathira &amp; Chaitra Reddy<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''12''' (2 September 2018)<br /> | [[Jangiri Madhumitha]] &amp; George<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''13''' (9 September 2018)<br /> | VJ Kathirvel and VJ Madhan <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''14''' (16 September 2018)<br /> | [[Swaminathan]] and [[Devadarshini]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''15''' (23 September 2018)<br /> | VJ [[Archana Chandhoke]], Anitha (Archana's sister), and Zaara (Archana's daughter)<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''16''' (30 September 2018)<br /> | VJ Kamal and VJ Maheshwari<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''17''' (7 October 2018)<br /> | [[Krishna (Tamil actor)|Krishna]] and [[Vidya Pradeep]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''18''' (14 October 2018)<br /> | Ashwini and Vasanth <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''19''' (21 October 2018)<br /> | Kousalya Senthamarai and Diwakar <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''20''' (4 November 2018)<br /> | [[Pyramid Natarajan]] and [[L. Raja]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''21''' (11 November 2018)<br /> | Siddarth and Sameera Sherief <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''22''' (18 November 2018)<br /> | [[R. K. Suresh]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |'''23''' (25 November 2018)<br /> | Munish Rajan and Darsha Guptha <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | '''24''' (2 December 2018)<br /> | Sathya Sai, Puviarasu and Subbalakshmi Ranjan<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> | '''25''' (9 December 2018)<br /> | [[Neelima Rani]] and Vishnupriya<br /> |-<br /> |26 (16 December 2018)<br /> |Narasimha Raju and Sanjay Asrani<br /> |-<br /> |27 (23 December 2018)<br /> |[[Suja Varunee]] and Shiv<br /> |-<br /> |28 (30 December 2018)<br /> |Yamuna Chinnadhurai and [[Fathima Babu]]<br /> |-<br /> |29 (6 January 2019)<br /> |Krithika Laddu and Dhanalakshmi<br /> |-<br /> |30 (13 January 2019)<br /> |&quot;Valli&quot;Mounika and Bharatha Naidu<br /> |-<br /> |31 (20 January 2019)<br /> |[[Cool Suresh]] and [[Ponnambalam (actor)|Ponnambalam]]<br /> |-<br /> |32 (27 January 2019)<br /> |Arvind Khathare and Minnal Deepa<br /> |-<br /> |33 (3 February 2019)<br /> |[[Farina Azad]] and Shashikala Nagarajan<br /> |-<br /> |34 (10 February 2019)<br /> |Azhagappan and Raghavendiran<br /> |-<br /> |35 (17 February 2019)<br /> |Deepak Dinkar and his son<br /> |-<br /> |36 (24 February 2019)<br /> |Ganesh and Harathi Ganesh<br /> |-<br /> |37 (3 March 2019)<br /> |Eshwar Raghunathan Jayashree and Rethva<br /> |-<br /> |38 (10 March 2019)<br /> |Subathira and Saira Banu<br /> |-<br /> |39 (17 March 2019)<br /> |Nisha and Ashwin Karthik<br /> |-<br /> |40 (24 March 2019)<br /> |Ayesha and [[Vishnu (TV actor)|Vishnu]]<br /> |-<br /> |41 (7 April 2019)<br /> |Lisha and [[Ashwanth Ashokkumar]]<br /> |-<br /> |42(21 April 2019)<br /> |Ranjith and Vasu Vikram<br /> |-<br /> |43(28 April 2019)<br /> |GV Prakash and AL Vijay<br /> |-<br /> |44(5 May 2019)<br /> |Bindu Aneesh and Swathi<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [https://www.zee5.com/global/tv-shows/details/genes-3/0-6-tvshow_1978416984 ''Genes 3''] at [[ZEE5]]<br /> * {{IMDb episodes|10127710}}<br /> <br /> {{Zee Tamil shows}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:2018 Tamil-language television seasons]]<br /> [[Category:Zee Tamil original programming]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language children's television series]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language game shows]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]<br /> [[Category:Television shows set in Tamil Nadu]]</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gautham_Ramachandran&diff=500089 2025-08-08T00:51:45Z

<p>Igorcaf: new article</p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Indian film director}}<br /> {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}<br /> {{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}<br /> {{Infobox person<br /> | name = Gautham Ramachandran<br /> | image =<br /> | caption =<br /> | birth_place = <br /> | other_names = <br /> | birth_date = <br /> | occupation = Director<br /> | spouse = <br /> | children = <br /> | relatives = <br /> | yearsactive = 2012–present<br /> }}<br /> '''Gautham Ramachandran''' is an Indian film director, [[screenwriter]] and producer who predominantly works in [[Tamil cinema|Tamil Film Industry]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Gautham Ramachandran: 'Gargi' and 'Sathuranga Vettai' share the same universe|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/gautham-ramachandran-gargi-and-sathuranga-vettai-share-the-same-universe/article65665558.ece|website=The Hindu|access-date=2023-12-31|archive-date=2023-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231085930/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/gautham-ramachandran-gargi-and-sathuranga-vettai-share-the-same-universe/article65665558.ece|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; His debut feature film was [[Richie (film)|''Richie,'']] starring [[Nivin Pauly]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Richie director Gautham Ramachandran: Nivin Pauly ruins you for other actors|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/richie-director-gautham-ramachandran-nivin-pauly-ruins-you-for-other-actors/story-7NriqMYnMexonapSgYVvBO.html|website=Hindustan Times|access-date=2023-12-31|archive-date=2023-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231085930/https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/richie-director-gautham-ramachandran-nivin-pauly-ruins-you-for-other-actors/story-7NriqMYnMexonapSgYVvBO.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is also known for directing, writing and producing the&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title='Gargi' movie review: A gripping courtroom drama that exposes social ills|url=https://telanganatoday.com/gargi-movie-review-a-gripping-courtroom-drama-that-exposes-social-ills|website=Telangana Today|access-date=2023-12-31|archive-date=2023-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231095216/https://telanganatoday.com/gargi-movie-review-a-gripping-courtroom-drama-that-exposes-social-ills|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Filmmaker Gautham Ramachandran breaks down 5 poignant scenes from Gargi|url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/interviews/filmmaker-gautham-ramachandran-breaks-down-5-poignant-scenes-from-gargi|website=Film Companion|access-date=2023-12-31|archive-date=2023-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231095216/https://www.filmcompanion.in/interviews/filmmaker-gautham-ramachandran-breaks-down-5-poignant-scenes-from-gargi|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[legal drama]] film [[Gargi (film)|''Gargi'']] starring [[Sai Pallavi]] .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Gautham reflects on the success of 'Gargi'|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/gautham-reflects-on-the-success-of-gargi-1135683.html|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=2023-12-31|archive-date=2023-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231085930/https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/gautham-reflects-on-the-success-of-gargi-1135683.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Films that Made Me: Gautham Ramachandran - Spielberg is one of my role models|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/features/2022/aug/16/films-that-made-me-gautham-ramachandran-interview-33807.html|website=Cinema Express|access-date=2023-12-31|archive-date=2023-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231095216/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/features/2022/aug/16/films-that-made-me-gautham-ramachandran-interview-33807.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Early life==<br /> Before becoming an independent director and film writer, Gautham worked as an assistant director for [[Mysskin]] in ''[[Mugamoodi]]'' (2012), starring [[Jiiva]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Gautham Ramchandran Interview: Remaking Nivin Pauly |url=https://silverscreenindia.com/movies/features/gautham-ramchandran-interview-remaking-nivin-pauly/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231100226/https://silverscreenindia.com/movies/features/gautham-ramchandran-interview-remaking-nivin-pauly/ |archive-date=2023-12-31 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=Silverscreen India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Filmography==<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |- style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE; text-align:center;&quot;<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot;| Year<br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Title<br /> ! scope=&quot;col&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot;| Credited as <br /> ! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Notes<br /> |-<br /> ! Director !! Producer !! Writer<br /> |-<br /> | 2017 || [[Richie (film)|''Richie'']] || {{yes}} || {{no}} || {{partial|Screenplay}} ||<br /> |-<br /> | 2022 || [[Gargi (film)|''Gargi'']]|| {{yes}} || {{yes}} || {{yes}} ||<br /> |-<br /> <br /> |}<br /> <br /> ==Awards and nominations==<br /> * SIIMA Awards 2023 - Best Debutant Producer for ''Gargi''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=SIIMA 2023: Madhavan wins Best Directorial Debut for 'Rocketry' &amp; Gautham Ramachandran wins the Best Debutant Producer for 'Gargi' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/siima-2023-madhavan-wins-best-directorial-debut-for-rocketry-gautham-ramachandran-wins-the-best-debutant-producer-for-gargi/articleshow/103721293.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231085930/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/siima-2023-madhavan-wins-best-directorial-debut-for-rocketry-gautham-ramachandran-wins-the-best-debutant-producer-for-gargi/articleshow/103721293.cms |archive-date=2023-12-31 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Ramachandran, Gautham}}<br /> [[Category:Living people]]<br /> [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil cinema]]<br /> [[Category:Tamil film directors]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{India-film-director-stub}}</div>

Igorcaf https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sayed_Hyderali_Shihab_Thangal&diff=472197 2025-06-18T06:36:16Z

<p>Igorcaf: minor reworked formatting per sources and cleaned formatting</p> <hr /> <div>#REDIRECT [[Sayed Hyder Ali Shihab Thangal]]<br /> <br /> {{Redirect category shell|<br /> {{R from move}}<br /> }}</div>

Igorcaf