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Kani Kusruti

2026-05-07T18:41:49Z

Ieagle: starting a article - done

{{short description|Indian actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Kani Kusruti
| image = Kani Kusruti in 2025 (cropped).jpg
| caption = Kusruti in 2025
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]], India
| alma_mater = School Of Drama, Thrissur [[L'École Internationale de Théâtre Jacques Lecoq]]
| occupation = Actress
| years_active = 2000–present
| partner = [[Anand Gandhi]] (2015–2021)
}}

'''Kani Kusruti''' is an Indian actress known primarily for her work in [[Malayalam]] films. She first gained recognition in 2009 with the film ''[[Kerala Cafe]]'', in which her performance was critically acclaimed. Kani won the [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] at [[Kerala State Film Awards]] and the Best Actress Award at the [[Moscow International Film Festival]] for her performance in the film ''[[Biriyaani]]'' (2020). She has since starred in the independent films ''[[All We Imagine as Light]]'' and ''[[Girls Will Be Girls (2024 film)|Girls Will Be Girls]]'' (both 2024).

== Early life and education ==
Kani Kusruti was born in Cheruvakkal, a small village in [[Thiruvananthapuram]], Kerala, to social activist parents Jayasree A. K. and Maitreya Maitreyan. Her parents had dropped their last names to erase the social hierarchy marker that comes with last names in India. At 15, she invented her last name "Kusruti" (meaning "mischievous" in [[Malayalam]]) to fill in a requirement in her [[Secondary School Certificate|class 10th exam]] application. She grew up in Thiruvananthapuram, where she got introduced to the Abhinaya Theatre Research Centre.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.manoramaonline.com/women/work-and-life/kani-kusruti.html |title=കനിയുടെ ലോകം കലയാണ്... |language=ml |date=5 June 2015 |website=Manoramaonline |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bharatstudent.com/cafebharat/view_news-Malayalam-News_and_Gossips-4,66100.php |title=Kani Kusruti wants to establish herself |date=30 June 2010 |website=BharatStudent.com |access-date=20 April 2018 |archive-date=10 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210180305/http://www.bharatstudent.com/cafebharat/view_news-Malayalam-News_and_Gossips-4,66100.php |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Kusruti later moved to [[Thrissur]], where she enrolled in the theatre arts program at the Thrissur School of Drama between 2005 and 2007. She completed her theatre education at the [[L'École Internationale de Théâtre Jacques Lecoq]], where she studied [[physical theatre]] for two years.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/theatre/leading-lady/article5609600.ece |title=Leading lady |last=Nagarajan |first=Saraswathy |date=23 January 2014 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref>

== Career ==
At Abhinaya, Kusruti made her theatre debut in Baudhayana's classic farce ''[[Bhagavadajjukam]]''. She played the lead role of Vasantsena in the production from 2000 to 2006. The play toured across theatre festivals, including the Bharat Rang Mahotsav and the International Theatre Festival of Kerala. She rendered the part of Kamala in M. G. Jyotish's stage adaptation of [[Hermann Hesse]]'s ''[[Siddhartha (novel)|Siddhartha]]''. In 2007, the production was invited to the Villeneuve en Scene [[Festival d'Avignon]].

In 2009, after returning from her studies at L'École Internationale de Théâtre Jacques Lecoq,<ref name="auto"/> Kusruti appeared in the anthology film ''[[Kerala Cafe]]'', in which her performance was critically acclaimed<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/actress-kani-kusruti-on-being-different/article8072574.ece |title=Living in the moment |author=Athira M. |date=7 January 2016 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/art/Ten-minutes-to-fame/article16670814.ece |title=Ten minutes to fame |date=21 November 2016 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref> She appears in the segment "Island Express", directed by [[Shankar Ramakrishnan]].

In 2010, she played a [[Naxalite]] in the [[Mohanlal]] starrer ''[[Shikkar]]'', but her nuanced rendition of a sex worker in the 2010 film [[Cocktail (2010 film)|''Cocktail'']] got her noticed by mainstream audiences.

In December 2010, Kani collaborated on creating 'Las Indias', a "mega performance event" directed by the thespian and theatre pedagogist Elias Cohen. The performance was staged in a bus, that was designed for the production. The Indo-Latin American theatre company, the Singing Sticks Theatre Ensemble evolved out of Las Indias. The bus that was originally created for Las Indias, was used once again for an interactive theatre roadshow 'Tsunami Express: Highway of Hopes', which Kusruti collaborated on making.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/a-journey-sans-destination-on-tsunami-express/article1692991.ece |title=A journey sans destination on 'Tsunami Express' |last=Santhosh |first=K. |date=13 April 2011 |newspaper=The Hindu |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref>

In 2011, Kani joined the renowned touring theatre company Footsbarn to work on a new production of Shakespeare's ''[[The Tempest|Tempest]]''. She played Miranda in the resulting performance "The Indian Tempest".<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/indian-tempest-1.1064764 |title=Indian Tempest |last=Crawley |first=Peter |date=8 June 2012 |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref> After touring Ireland, Spain, France, Portugal and India,<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/footsbarn-is-back-in-city-with-indian-tempest/article4339265.ece |title=Footsbarn is back in city with 'Indian Tempest' |last=Kumar |first=Kaavya Pradeep |date=24 January 2013 |newspaper=The Hindu |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref> the production opened at [[Shakespeare's Globe]] in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/all-the-worlds-a-stage/article2832858.ece |title=All the world's a stage |date=26 January 2012 |newspaper=The Hindu |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://totallydublin.ie/theatre/would-i-might-but-ever-see-that-play/ |title=The Indian Tempest Reviewed (Dublin Shakespeare Festival) |last=O'Mahony |first=Julia |date=8 June 2012 |website=[[Totally Dublin]] |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref>

Kusruti researched, co-developed and acted in the Indo-Polish production 'Burning Flowers - 7 Dreams of a Woman', directed by [[:pl:Paweł Szkotak|Pawel Szkotak]] and produced by [[Teatr Biuro Podróży]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.britishtheatreguide.info/reviews/indian-tempest-globe-theatre-9076 |title=Indian Tempest |last=Loxton |first=Howard |website=British Theatre Guide |date=29 July 2013 |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref>

In 2015, Kusruti became a household presence with the soap opera ''Eswaran Sakshiyayi'', directed by [[K. K. Rajeev]]. She played the part of Advocate Tresa, a lawyer who joins in on the investigation for her brother's murder.<ref name="auto"/>

In 2020, upon being awarded Best Actress in Malayalam for her performance in ''[[Biriyaani]]'', she dedicated the win to [[PK Rosy]], the first actress in Malayalam cinema.<ref name=shaji2023>{{cite web | last=Shaji | first=K A | title=As Google honours Dalit heroine PK Rosy, Kerala film academy struggles to name award after her | website=The South First | date=10 February 2023 | url=https://thesouthfirst.com/kerala/as-google-honours-dalit-heroine-pk-rosy-kerala-film-academy-struggles-to-name-award-after-her/ | access-date=19 May 2025}}</ref>

==Recognitions==

* 2024 – Kusruti was a member of the jury at the [[29th Busan International Film Festival|2024 Busan International Film Festival]] for its main competition section, "New Currents Award".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biff.kr/eng/addon/10000001/page.asp?page_num=8380 |title= The 29th Busan International Film Festival: New Currents Juries |website=Busan International Film Festival|date=September 3, 2024|access-date=September 4, 2024|language=en}}</ref>
* 2025 – She was appointed as a member of the jury at the [[78th Locarno Film Festival]] for Concorso Cineasti del Presente – Filmmakers of the Present Competition.<ref name="jury:hr">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/locarno-film-festival-2025-jury-carlos-reygadas-rithy-panh-1236313808/ |title= Locarno Film Festival Adds Carlos Reygadas, Joslyn Barnes to Rithy Panh-Led Main Jury|author= Georg Szalai |website= [[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date= 15 July 2025 |access-date= 15 July 2025|language=en}}</ref>

==Awards and nominations==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of Kani Kusruti's awards and nominations
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Award
! scope="col" | Category
! scope="col" | Nominated Work
! scope="col" | Result
! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Ref heading}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |2019
| Rome Prisma Independent Film Awards
| Best Actress
| ''[[Counterfeit Kunkoo]]''
| {{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rome Prisma Independent Film Awards, January 2019 |url=https://www.romeprismafilmawards.com/2019/02/07/prisma-january-2019/}}</ref>
|-
| [[Kerala State Film Awards]]
| [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress]]
| ''[[Biriyaani]]''
| {{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=സുരാജ് മികച്ച നടൻ, കനി കുസൃതി നടി, വാസന്തി മികച്ച സിനിമ; ഫഹദ് സഹനടൻ|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/specials/state-film-awards-2020/kerala-state-film-awards-2020-ak-balan-best-actress-actor-film-malayala-cinema-1.5126595|access-date=2020-10-13|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013132443/https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/specials/state-film-awards-2020/kerala-state-film-awards-2020-ak-balan-best-actress-actor-film-malayala-cinema-1.5126595|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|2020
| BRICS Competition section in 42nd [[Moscow International Film Festival]]
| Best Actress
| ''[[Biriyani]]''
| {{Won}}
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2022/tamil/winners?s=09|title=Winners of the Filmfare Awards South 2022|website=Filmfare|date=9 October 2022|access-date=10 October 2022}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="3" |2021
| [[Filmfare OTT Awards]]
| Best Actor (Female) – Comedy
| ''[[OK Computer]]''
| {{Won}}
|<ref name="filmfareott2021">{{Cite web|url=https://photogallery.indiatimes.com/awards/filmfare-awards/myglamm-filmfare-ott-awards-2021/myglamm-filmfare-ott-awards-2021-red-carpet/articleshow/88185522.cms|title=MyGlamm Filmfare OTT Awards 2021: Red Carpet|date=9 December 2021|access-date=10 December 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[Filmfare OTT Awards]]
| Best Actor (Female) – Popular awards
| ''[[OK Computer]]''
| {{Nominated}}
|<ref name="filmfareott2021" />
|-
| [[New York Indian Film Festival]]
| Best Actress
| ''[[Biriyani]]''
| {{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards">{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4225184/awards/|title=Kani Kusruti - Awards|website=IMBD|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" |2022
|[[67th Filmfare Awards South]]
|Best Actress: Critics
|''[[Biriyani]]''
|{{Won}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|[[67th Filmfare Awards South]]
|Best Actress: Malayalam Cinema
|''[[Biriyani]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|Indian Film and Television Awards
|Best Supporting Actress in a Series
|''[[OK Computer]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0049799/2022/1/|title=Indian Film and Television Awards 2022|website=IMBD|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Hitlist OTT Awards
|Best Supporting Actor -Female
|''[[OK Computer]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0049568/2022/1/?ref_=ev_tl_yr_2|title=Hitlist OTT Awards 2022|website=IMBD|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|Critics’ Choice Shorts and Series Awards, India
|Best Supporting Actress
|''[[Maharani (2023 film)|Maharani]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
| rowspan="4" |2024
|FOI Online Awards
|Best Actress in a Supporting Role
|''[[Girls Will Be Girls (2024 film)|Girls Will Be Girls]]''
|{{Won}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|OTTplay Awards
|Breakthrough Performance of the Year - Female
|''[[Girls Will Be Girls (2024 film)|Girls Will Be Girls]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|[[Asia Pacific Screen Awards]]
|Best Performance
|''[[All We Imagine as Light]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|VHS Awards
|Best Actress
|''[[All We Imagine as Light]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
| rowspan="10" |2025
|[[Filmfare OTT Awards]]
|Best Supporting Actor, Web Original Film (Female)
|''[[Girls Will Be Girls (2024 film)|Girls Will Be Girls]]''
|{{Won}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|[[Film Independent Spirit Awards]]
|Best Supporting Performance
|''[[Girls Will Be Girls (2024 film)|Girls Will Be Girls]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|[[International Indian Film Academy Awards]]
|Best Performance in a Supporting Role Series - Female
|''[[Maharani (2023 film)|Maharani]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|[[Asian Film Awards]]
|Best Actress
|''[[All We Imagine as Light]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|IMDb STARmeter Awards
|Breakout Star
| -
|{{Won}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|[[International Cinephile Society|International Cinephile Society Awards]]
|Best Actress
|''[[All We Imagine as Light]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|[[Times of India Film Awards]]
|Acting Excellence in a Supporting Role - Female in Web Films
|''[[Girls Will Be Girls (2024 film)|Girls Will Be Girls]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|Critics' Choice Film Awards, India
|Best Actress
|''[[All We Imagine as Light]]''
|{{Nominated}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|Critics’ Choice Shorts and Series Awards, India
|Best Supporting Actress
|''[[Poacher (TV series)|Poacher]]''
|{{Won}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|-
|Critics’ Choice Shorts and Series Awards, India
|Best Supporting Actress
|''[[Girls Will Be Girls (2024 film)|Girls Will Be Girls]]''
|{{Won}}
|<ref name="imdb-kani-awards" />
|}

== Personal life ==
Kusruti is an [[Atheism|atheist]] and [[Rationalism|rationalist]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.shorshe.com/celebrity/profile/kani_kusruti.html |title=Kani Kusruti Detail, Bio, profile |website=Shorshe |access-date=20 April 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cinemadaddy.com/kani-kusrutis-reply-criticized/ |title=Kani Kusruti's Reply to Those who Criticized |website=Cinemadaddy |access-date=7 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218153138/http://cinemadaddy.com/kani-kusrutis-reply-criticized/ |archive-date=18 December 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Kusruti resides in Goa with her friends.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/express-sunday-eye/meet-kani-kusruti-at-her-goa-home-my-friends-tease-me-that-this-is-kanis-era-i-think-im-just-an-average-actor-9850320|title=Meet Kani Kusruti at her Goa home|website=IndianExpress |access-date=15 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/lifestyle/interiors/celebrity-corners-inside-kani-kusrutis-goa-garden-home/|title=Celebrity Corners: Inside Kani Kusruti's Goa Garden Home |website=Hollywood reporter|access-date=15 February 2026}}</ref> She has publicly identified with feminist perspectives and has spoken on social and political issues, including gender equality and civil liberties.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://feminisminindia.com/2021/04/21/kani-kusruti-interview/#google_vignette |title=Kani Kusruti: Setting The Bar High With Acting And Politics Around Body & Representation|website= feminisminindia|language=en |access-date=16 February 2026 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/originals/who-is-kani-kusruti-indian-actress-who-showed-solidarity-for-palestine-with-watermelon-clutch/articleshow/122560194.html |title=Who Is Kani Kusruti, Indian Actress Who Showed Solidarity For Palestine With Watermelon Clutch?|website= indiatimes|language=en |access-date=16 February 2026 }}</ref> She has also criticised sexism in the Malayalam film industry.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kani-kusruti-on-lack-of-women-in-malayalam-films-2555819-2024-06-20 |title=Kani Kusruti on lack of women in Malayalam films: Have to write such parts|website=IndianExpress |language=en |access-date=16 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2024/08/30/kani-kusruti-manorama-news-conclave-women-in-cinema-collective-inequalities.html |title=Revolution stems from endured struggles: Kani Kusruti on WCC's perseverance|website= OnManorama|language=en |access-date=16 February 2026}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
===Films===
{{Pending films key}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Language !! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2003 || ''[[Anyar (film)|Anyar]]'' || Bus Passenger || [[Malayalam]] ||
|-
|| ''Manushyaputhri'' || Lakshmi || rowspan="6" | Malayalam ||
|-
| 2007 ||''A Flowering Tree'' || Amma || Short film
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Kerala Cafe]]'' || Zeba || Segment: Island Express
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2010 || ''[[Shikkar]]'' || Naxalite ||
|-
|| ''[[Cocktail (2010 film)|Cocktail]]'' || Elsa ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2011 || ''[[Urumi (film)|Urumi]]'' || Singer ||
|-
|| ''Silent Dark Eyes'' || Woman || English || Short film
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Karmayogi (2012 film)|Karmayogi]]'' || Penn Jyothiyamma || rowspan="6" | Malayalam ||
|-
| rowspan=4 | 2013 || ''[[Oru Indian Pranayakadha]]'' || Police Commissioner ||
|-
|| ''[[North 24 Kaatham]]'' || Lajjo ||
|-
|| ''[[Hotel California (2013 film)|Hotel California]]'' || Guest role ||
|-
|| ''[[Natholi Oru Cheriya Meenalla]]'' || Flat resident ||
|-
| rowspan=3 | 2014 || ''[[Masala Republic]]'' || AGS Officer ||
|-
|| ''[[Pisaasu]]'' || Angry husband's wife || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] ||
|-
|| ''[[Burma (film)|Burma]]'' || Clara || Tamil ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2015 || ''Padakkam'' || Prostitute || Malayalam || Short film<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZaEBNgDZkdnxXyR26OwcSA/325bMJqj |title=Padakkam Malayalam Short Film Ft. Kani Kusruti |website=Allreadable |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lectoro.com/index.php?action=search&ytq=Padakkam%20Malayalam%20Short%20Film%20Ft.%20Kani%20Kusruti%20(English%20Subtitles) |title=Padakkam Malayalam Short Film |website=Lectoro |access-date=25 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126052512/http://www.lectoro.com/index.php?action=search&ytq=Padakkam%20Malayalam%20Short%20Film%20Ft.%20Kani%20Kusruti%20(English%20Subtitles) |archive-date=26 November 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|| ''[[The Dolphins (film)|The Dolphins]]'' || Varalakshmi || Malayalam ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2016 || ''[[Kalam (film)|Kalam]]'' || Housekeeper || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] ||
|-
||''Memories of a Machine''<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/Kani-Kusruti-essays-another-unusual-role/articleshow/55412699.cms |title=Kani Kusruti essays another unusual role |last=Jayaram |first=Deepika |date=14 November 2016 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://newsable.asianetnews.tv/entertainment/watch-actress-kani-kusrutis-talks-about-sex-in-a-film |title=Kani Kusruti 'Is child abuse a joke for you?' ask young girls in viral video |last=Barua |first=Richa |date=29 November 2016 |website=Asianet News |access-date=20 April 2018 |archive-date=8 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608015903/http://newsable.asianetnews.tv/entertainment/watch-actress-kani-kusrutis-talks-about-sex-in-a-film |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|Lady
| rowspan="2" |Malayalam
|Short film<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/Women-filmmakers-choose-bold-subjects-for-short-films/articleshow/55574430.cms |title=Women filmmakers choose bold subjects for short films |last=Suresh |first=Sunayana |date=24 January 2017 |newspaper=The Times of India |access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=4 | 2017 || ''Gi'' || Gi || rowspan="3" | Short films
|-
|| ''Thadayam'' || Jenny || rowspan="2" | Tamil
|-
|| ''Touch'' || Selvi
|-
|| ''[[Spyder (film)|Spyder]]'' || Sudalai/Bhairavadu's Mother || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] Telugu ||
|-
| rowspan=4 | 2018 || ''[[Maa (2018 film)|Maa]]'' || Sathya || Tamil || Short film
|-
|| ''Theekuchiyum Panithulliyum'' || Thanuja || Malayalam ||
|-
|| ''The Notion'' || Padma Iyer || English || Short film
|-
|| ''Counterfeit Kunkoo'' || Smita Sunil Nikam || Hindi, Marathi || Short film<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://en.reporterlive.com/2018/07/06/kani-kusruti-best-actress-in-asia-interntional-film-festival/#.Wz8MR9p9Pgc.facebook |title=Kani Kusruti Best Actress in Asia International Film Festival. |website=reporterlive |access-date=8 July 2018 |archive-date=15 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415021733/http://en.reporterlive.com/2018/07/06/kani-kusruti-best-actress-in-asia-interntional-film-festival/#.Wz8MR9p9Pgc.facebook |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| 2019 || ''Oolu'' || Manasi || Malayalam ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2020 || ''The Discreet Charm of the Savarnas'' || || English || Short film
|-
|| ''[[Biriyaani (2020 film)|Biriyaani]]'' || Khadeeja || Malayalam ||
|-
| rowspan=3 | 2021 || ''Tryst with Destiny'' || Ahalya || Hindi English ||
|-
|| ''1956, Central Travancore'' || Kela's wife || Malayalam ||
|-
|| ''Vicks - Care Lives On'' || Priyanka Bhosale || Hindi || Short film
|-
| rowspan=5 | 2022 || ''[[Super Sharanya]]'' || Pedestrian || rowspan="7" | Malayalam || Cameo appearance
|-
| ''[[Pada (film)|Pada]]'' || Sheeja P.K. ||
|-
| ''[[Vichithram]]'' || Martha ||
|-
| ''[[Nishiddho]]'' || Chaavi ||
|-
| ''[[Vazhakku]]'' || Sathi ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-05-14 |title=Amid row, director Sanal Kumar Sasidharan uploads Tovino-starrer Vazhakku online |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/May/14/amid-row-director-sanal-kumar-sasidharan-uploads-tovino-starrer-vazhakku-online |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 2023 ||''[[Kirkkan]]'' || Farsana Rasheed ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=New poster of Kani Kusruthi starrer Kirkkan is out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/24/a-new-poster-of-kirkkan-is-out-42651.html |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=24 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=3 | 2024 || ''[[All We Imagine as Light]]'' || Nurse Prabha ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-24 |title=Watch: Payal Kapadia's 'All We Imagine As Light' team dances on Cannes red carpet |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/story/watch-payal-kapadias-all-we-imagine-as-light-team-dances-on-cannes-red-carpet-2543139-2024-05-24 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Girls Will Be Girls (2024 film)|Girls Will Be Girls]]'' || Mother Anila || Hindi English ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-21 |title=Richa Chadha-Ali Fazal Production Girls Will Be Girls To Be Screened Under Cannes Ecrans Juniors |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/richa-chadha-ali-fazal-production-girls-will-be-girls-to-be-screened-under-cannes-ecrans-juniors-8898703.html |access-date=2024-06-06 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Mura (film)|Mura]]'' || Asha || rowspan="2" | Malayalam ||<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-09 |title='Kappela' director's next 'Mura' to feature Suraj Venjaramoodu, and Kani Kusruthi |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/kappela-directors-next-mura-to-feature-suraj-venjaramoodu-and-kani-kusruthi/articleshow/106672023.cms |access-date=2024-08-29 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| 2025 || ''[[Ouseppinte Osyath]]'' || Dhanya || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-02 |title=Vijayaraghavan to headline 'Ouseppinte Osyath', shooting progresses |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/vijayaraghavan-to-headline-ouseppinte-osyath-shooting-progresses/articleshow/112209514.cms |access-date=2024-11-24 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="2" | 2026 ||''[[Assi (film)|Assi]]''|| Parima ||Hindi||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-02 |title=Motion poster unveiled for Taapsee Pannu starrer Assi|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/hindi/news/2026/Jan/23/motion-poster-unveiled-for-taapsee-pannu-starrer-assi|access-date=2026-01-23 |website=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref>
|-
| '' {{Pending film|Anchaam Pramaanam}}'' || {{TBA}} || Malayalam || <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/amp/story/malayalam/news/2026/Apr/07/suhasini-maniratnam-to-lead-new-malayalam-film-anchaam-pramaanam | title=Suhasini Maniratnam to lead new Malayalam film Anchaam Pramaanam | date=7 April 2026 | access-date=27 April 2026 | work=The Cinema Express}}</ref>
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Language !! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2015 || ''Ishwaran Sakshiyayi'' || Adv.Tresa || Malayalam ||
|-
|rowspan=2|2021|| ''[[OK Computer (TV series)|OK Computer]]'' || Monalisa Paul || Hindi || [[Disney+ Hotstar]]
|-
|| ''[[Maharani (web series)|Maharani]]'' || Kaveri Sridharan || Hindi || [[SonyLIV]]
|-
|rowspan="4" | 2024 || ''[[Killer Soup]]'' || Kirtima Kadathanathan || [[Hindi]] || [[Netflix]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-03 |title=Killer Soup trailer: Manoj Bajpayee, Konkona Sensharma's Netflix series is a spicy blend of crime, chaos |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/killer-soup-trailer-manoj-bajpayee-konkona-sensharmas-netflix-series-is-a-spicy-blend-of-crime-chaos-9093007/ |access-date=2024-01-18 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Poacher (TV series)|Poacher]]'' || DFO Dina || Malayalam || [[Amazon Prime Video]]
|-
|''[[Thalaimai Seyalagam]]'' || Durga || Tamil || [[ZEE5]] Original Series
|-
| ''[[Nagendran's Honeymoons]]'' || Thankam|| Malayalam ||[[Disney+ Hotstar]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/nagendrans-honeymoons-first-look-of-suraj-venjaramoodus-web-series-with-nithin-renji-panicker-out/article68206872.ece|title='Nagendran's Honeymoons': First look of Suraj Venjaramoodu's web series with Nithin Renji Panicker out|website=[[The Hindu]]|date=23 May 2024}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{IMDb name}}

{{Authority Control}}
{{KeralaStateAwardForBestActress}}{{Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress – Malayalam}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kusruti, Kani}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Actresses from Thiruvananthapuram]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam television]]
[[Category:Female models from Thiruvananthapuram]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:L'École Internationale de Théâtre Jacques Lecoq alumni]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Indian rationalists]]
[[Category:Indian atheists]]
[[Category:Television personalities from Kerala]]
[[Category:Women artists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Artists from Kerala]]

2025 World Para Athletics Championships

2026-05-05T08:51:27Z

Ieagle: added info.

{{Short description|Paralympic track and field event}}
{{for|the World Athletics Championships organsied by World Athletics|2025 World Athletics Championships}}
{{Infobox games
| name = 2025 World Para Athletics Championships
| logo = 2025 World Para Athletics Championships logo.png
| size =
| caption =
| host_city = [[New Delhi]]
| country = India
| motto =
| organizer =
| edition = 12
| nations = 100
| teams =
| debuting_countries =
| athletes = 1182
| sports = [[Para-athletics]]
| events = 184 (100 men, 83 women, 1 mixed)
| dates =
| opening = 27 September 2025
| closing = 5 October 2025
| opened_by = [[Narendra Modi]] {{small|[[Prime Minister of India]]}}
| athlete_oath =
| judge_oath =
| torch_lighter =
| Paralympic_torch =
| Queens_Baton = 
| stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi]]
| Paralympic_stadium =
| length =
| ind_prize =
| team_prize =
| website = 
| previous = [[2024 World Para Athletics Championships|2024 Kobe]]
| next =
| SpreviousS =
| SnextS =
| Sprevious =
| Snext =
}}
{{2025WorldParaAthleticsChampionships}}

The '''2025 [[World Para Athletics Championships]]''' ([[Hindi]]: 2025 विश्व पैरा एथलेटिक्स चैंपियनशिप; also known as '''[[IndianOil]] New Delhi 2025 World Para Athletics Championships''' for sponsorship reasons) was a [[para-athletics]] meet organised by the [[World Para Athletics]], the respective sport branch of the [[International Paralympic Committee]]. This was the 12th edition of the event and was held at [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]], [[New Delhi]], from 27 September to 5 October 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Championships |url=https://www.paralympic.org/athletics/new-delhi-2025 |access-date=5 September 2025 |website=[[World Para Athletics]]}}</ref> This was the first time the event was hosted in India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India gears up to host historic Para Athletics Worlds with record entries |url=https://www.business-standard.com/sports/other-sports-news/india-gears-up-to-host-historic-para-athletics-worlds-with-record-entries-125081101496_1.html |access-date=17 September 2025 |website=[[Business Standard]]}}</ref>

== Background ==
=== Logo and mascot ===
The logo and mascot for the 2025 edition were unveiled on 20 June 2025. The mascot named '''''Viraaj''''' is a spirited young [[elephant]] with a blade [[prosthesis]] – is a tribute to strength, optimism, and resilience, while the logo captures India's rich heritage, the spirit of [[Para athletics]] and the vibrancy of New Delhi as host city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Delhi 2025 World Para Athletics Championships reveals mascot and official logo |url=https://www.paralympic.org/news/new-delhi-2025-world-championships-mascot-revealed |access-date=17 September 2025 |website=[[International Paralympic Committee]]}}</ref>
=== Medals ===
The front side of the medal features intricate motifs inspired by [[Indian art|traditional Indian art]], centring on the [[World Para Athletics Championships|championship]]’s name and [[Para athletics]] icons: a [[wheelchair racer]], a [[discus thrower]], and the [[Nelumbo nucifera|lotus]] – [[National Flower Of India|India's national flower]]. The other side highlights [[inclusivity]], with [[Braille]] above the ''“New Delhi 2025”'' inscription, a lotus-inspired pattern, and bold modern geometric details.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India unveils medals for IndianOil New Delhi 2025 World Para Athletics Championships |url=https://www.paralympic.org/news/india-unveils-medals-indianoil-new-delhi-2025-world-para-athletics-championships |access-date=20 September 2025 |website=[[International Paralympic Committee]]}}</ref>

== Schedule ==
The competition will be held over 9 days, with two sessions (morning and evening) being conducted each day.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=2025 World Para Athletics Championships - Schedule|url=https://www.paralympic.org/sites/default/files/2025-09/2025_09_12_NewDelhi2025_CompetitionSchedule.pdf|archive-date=|access-date=17 September 2025|website=[[World Para Athletics]]}}</ref>
=== Event Summary ===
{{See also|Paralympic classification}}
Participating athletes are given a classification depending on their disabilities ('''T''' denotes track events, '''F''' denotes field events). They are categorised into seven different classifications:<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=3 January 2023|title=Paralympic Classification|url=https://www.paralympic.org/athletics/classification|archive-date=|access-date=|website=International Paralympic Committee}}</ref>
* T/F11–13: Blind (11) and visually impaired (12–13) athletes; track athletes would often run with a guide.
* T/F20: Athletes who have an intellectual impairment.
* T/F 31–38: Athletes who have [[cerebral palsy]] or other coordination impairments. 31–34 for wheelchair events and 35–38 for running events.
* F40–41: [[Les Autres]] – typically for athletes who have [[dwarfism]].
* T/F 42–47: Athletes who are amputees. In field events, some athletes would compete in seated events.
* T/F 51–58: Athletes who have a [[spinal cord injury]] or disability. In field events, most athletes would compete in seated events.
* T/F 61–64: Athletes who have a [[prosthesis]] affected by limb deficiency and leg length difference.
* T/F 71–72: Athletes who have coordination impairments, like [[athetosis]], [[ataxia]], or [[hypertonia]].
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; line-height:1.25em; width:80%;"
|+2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's Events
|-
! style="width:12%;" |Classification
! colspan="3" | Visual Impairment
! ID
! colspan="7" | Cerebral Palsy athletes T32–34 Wheelchair : T35–38 Ambulant
! colspan="2" | RG
! colspan="6" | Amputee athletes
! colspan="7" | Wheelchair athletes Spinal injuries
! colspan="4" | Prosthesis athletes
!colspan=2|{{Abbr|CI|Co-ordination impairments}}
|-
! rowspan=2| Event
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T11'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T12'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T13'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T20'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T32'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T33'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T34'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T35'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T36'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T37'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T38'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T40'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T41'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T42'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T43'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T44'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T45'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T46'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T47'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T51'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T52'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T53'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T54'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T55'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T56'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T57'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T61'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T62'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T63'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T64'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" rowspan=2| '''T71'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" rowspan=2| '''T72'''
|-
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F11'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F12'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F13'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F20'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F32'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F33'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F34'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F35'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F36'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F37'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F38'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F40'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F41'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F42'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F43'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F44'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F45'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F46'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F47'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F51'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F52'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F53'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F54'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F55'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F56'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F57'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F61'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F62'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F63'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F64'''
|-
| colspan="33" {{n/a|Track events}}
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres|100 metres]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T11|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T12|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T13|●]]
|
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| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T34|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T35|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T36|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T37|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T38|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T44|●]]
| >>
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T47|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T51|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T52|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T53|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T54|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T63|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T64|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T71|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres#T72|●]]
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 200 metres|200 metres]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 200 metres#T35|●]]
|
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 200 metres#T37|●]]
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|bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 200 metres#T44|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 200 metres#T51|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 200 metres#T64|●]]
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|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres|400 metres]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T11|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T12|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T13|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T20|●]]
|
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T34|●]]
|
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T36|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T37|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T38|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T47|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T52|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T53|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T54|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T62|●]]
|
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres#T72|●]]
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 800 metres|800 metres]]
|
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|bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 800 metres#T20|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 800 metres#T34|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 800 metres#T53|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 800 metres#T54|●]]
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|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 1500 metres|1500 metres]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 1500 metres#T11|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 1500 metres#T13|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 1500 metres#T20|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 1500 metres#T38|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 1500 metres#T46|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 1500 metres#T54|●]]
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|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 5000 metres|5000 metres]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 5000 metres#T11|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 5000 metres#T13|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 5000 metres#T54|●]]
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|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's marathon|Marathon]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's marathon#T12|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's marathon#T54|●]]
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|-
| colspan="33" {{n/a|Field events}}
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's high jump|High jump]]
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| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's high jump#T47|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's high jump#T63/42|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's high jump#T64/44|●]]
|
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|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump|Long jump]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T11|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T12|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T13|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T20|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T36|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T37|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T38|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T44|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T47|●]]
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| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T63|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump#T64|●]]
|
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|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put|Shot put]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F11|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F12|●]]
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F20|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F32|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F33|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F34|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F35|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F36|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F37|●]]
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F40|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F41|●]]
|
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| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F46|●]]
|
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|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F53|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F55|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" |[[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F57|●]]
| >>
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" |[[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put#F63|●]]
|
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's discus throw|Discus]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's discus throw#F11|●]]
|
|
|
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|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's discus throw#F37|●]]
|
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|>>
|bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's discus throw#F44|●]]
|
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| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's discus throw#F52|●]]
|
| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's discus throw#F56|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's discus throw#F57|●]]
|
| >>
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's discus throw#F64|●]]
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw|Javelin]]
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw#F13|●]]
|
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw#F34|●]]
|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw#F38|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw#F41|●]]
|>>
|>>
|bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw#F44|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw#F46|●]]
|
|
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw#F54|●]]
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw#F57|●]]
| >>
| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw#F64|●]]
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's club throw|Club throw]]
|
|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's club throw#F32|●]]
|
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| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's club throw#F51|●]]
|
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|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; line-height:1.25em;width:80%;"
|+2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's Events
|-
! style="width:12%;" | Classification
! colspan="3" | Visual Impairment
! ID
! colspan="7" | Cerebral Palsy athletes T32–34 Wheelchair : T35–38 Ambulant
! colspan="2" | RG
! colspan="6" | Amputee athletes
! colspan="7" | Wheelchair athletes Spinal injuries
! colspan="4" | Prosthesis athletes
!colspan=2|{{Abbr|CI|Co-ordination impairments}}
|-
! rowspan=2| Event
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T11'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T12'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T13'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T20'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T32'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T33'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T34'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T35'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T36'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T37'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T38'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T40'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T41'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T42'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T43'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T44'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T45'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T46'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T47'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T51'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T52'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T53'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T54'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T55'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T56'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T57'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T61'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T62'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T63'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T64'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" rowspan=2| '''T71'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" rowspan=2| '''T72'''
|-
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F11'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F12'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F13'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F20'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F32'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F33'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F34'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F35'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F36'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F37'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F38'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F40'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F41'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F42'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F43'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F44'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F45'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F46'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F47'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F51'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F52'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F53'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F54'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F55'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F56'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F57'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F61'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F62'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F63'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbffdd" | '''F64'''
|-
| colspan="33" {{n/a|Track events}}
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres|100 metres]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T11|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T12|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T13|●]]
|
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T34|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T35|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T36|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T37|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T38|●]]
|
|
|
|>>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T44|●]]
| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T47|●]]
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T53|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T54|●]]
|
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| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T63|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T64|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T71|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres#T72|●]]
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 200 metres|200 metres]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 200 metres#T11|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 200 metres#T12|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 200 metres#T35|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 200 metres#T36|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 200 metres#T37|●]]
|
|
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|
| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 200 metres#T47|●]]
|
|
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|
|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 200 metres#T64|●]]
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres|400 metres]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres#T11|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres#T12|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres#T13|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres#T20|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres#T37|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres#T38|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres#T47|●]]
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres#T53|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres#T54|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 800 metres|800 metres]]
|
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| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 800 metres#T34|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 800 metres#T53|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 800 metres#T54|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 1500 metres|1500 metres]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 1500 metres#T11|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 1500 metres#T13|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 1500 metres#T20|●]]
|
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| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 1500 metres#T54|●]]
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 5000 metres|5000 metres]]
|
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| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 5000 metres#T54|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's marathon|Marathon]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's marathon#T12|●]]
|
|
|
|
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| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's marathon#T54|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| colspan="33" {{n/a|Field events}}
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump|Long Jump]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump#T11|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump#T12|●]]
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump#T20|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump#T37|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump#T38|●]]
|
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|
| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump#T47|●]]
|
|
|
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|
| >>
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump#T63|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump#T64|●]]
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put|Shot Put]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F12|●]]
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F20|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F32|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F33|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F34|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F35|●]]
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F37|●]]
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F40|●]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F41|●]]
|
|
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F46|●]]
|
|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F54|●]]
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F57|●]]
|
| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put#F64|●]]
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's discus throw|Discus]]
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's discus throw F11|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's discus throw F38|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's discus throw F41|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's discus throw#F53|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's discus throw#F55|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's discus throw#F57|●]]
|
| >>
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's discus throw#F64|●]]
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's javelin throw|Javelin]]
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's javelin throw#F13|●]]
|
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's javelin throw#F34|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's javelin throw#F46|●]]
|
|
|
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's javelin throw#F54|●]]
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's javelin throw#F56|●]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's club throw|Club throw]]
|
|
|
|
| bgcolor="#bbffdd" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's club throw#F32|●]]
|
|
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|}

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; line-height:1.25em;width:80%;"
|+2025 World Para Athletics Championships - Universal
|-
! style="width:12%;" | Classification
! colspan="3" | Visual Impairment
! ID
! colspan="7" | Cerebral Palsy athletes T32-34 Wheelchair : T35-38 Ambulant
! colspan="2" | RG
! colspan="6" | Amputee athletes
! colspan="7" | Wheelchair athletes Spinal injuries
! colspan="4" | Prosthesis athletes
|-
! Event
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T11'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T12'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T13'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T20'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T32'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T33'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T34'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T35'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T36'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T37'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T38'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T40'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T41'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T42'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T43'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T44'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T45'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T46'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T47'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T51'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T52'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T53'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T54'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T55'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T56'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T57'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T61'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T62'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T63'''
| style="width:4%;" bgcolor="#bbddff" | '''T64'''
|- align="center"
! align="left" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Mixed 4 × 100 metres relay|4 × 100 metres relay]]
| >>
| >>
| >>
|
|
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
|
|
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
| >>
|
|
|
| >>
| >>
| >>
| bgcolor="#bbddff" | [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Mixed 4 × 100 metres relay|●]]
|}

{{smalldiv|'''Key:'''
* '''ID''' : Classifications for intellectual disability
* '''RG''' : ''Les Autres'' classification, including dwarfism and restricted growth
* ● : Event in this classification
* '''>>''' : Competitors in this classification may take part in event for the next competed classification, e.g. T33 may compete in T34 event, or both T45 and T46 athletes may compete in a T47 event.}}
===Dates===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|bgcolor=#ffcc00 align=center valign=center|●||Finals
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.25em; text-align:center"
|-
!September / October
!27
!28
!29
!30
!1
!2
!3
!4
!5
|-
| Events
|bgcolor=ffcc00|'''13'''
|bgcolor=ffcc00|'''21'''
|bgcolor=ffcc00|'''18'''
|bgcolor=ffcc00|'''24'''
|bgcolor=ffcc00|'''22'''
|bgcolor=ffcc00|'''18'''
|bgcolor=ffcc00|'''24'''
|bgcolor=ffcc00|'''17'''
|bgcolor=ffcc00|'''27'''
|-
!Cumulative Total
!13
!34
!52
!76
!98
!116
!140
!157
!184
|}

== Participating Nations ==
===Nations===
100 Nations, 1182 Athletes (742 Men, 440 Women) <ref>lrs-atvr25-azefd5ddhyajaah5.a02.azurefd.net/ATVR25/lrs/reports/ATH</ref>

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
# {{flagicon|Algeria}} [[Algeria at the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships|Algeria]] (16)
# {{ANG}} (2)
# {{ARM}} (5)
# {{ARG}} (8)
# {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Australia at the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships|Australia]] (49)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Australia Unveils Powerhouse Para Athletics Team for 2025 World Championships |url=https://www.athletics.com.au/news/australia-unveils-powerhouse-para-athletics-team-for-2025-world-championships/ |access-date=17 September 2025 |website=[[Australian Athletics]]}}</ref>
# {{AUT}} (5)
# {{AZE}} (2)
# {{BHR}} (4)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bahrain Paralympic Team Departs for World Championships |url=https://www.newsofbahrain.com/sports/119339.html/ |access-date=24 September 2025 |website=[[News of Bahrain]]}}</ref>
# {{BAN}} (3)
# {{BEL}} (9)
# {{BER}} (1)
# {{BOT}} (7)
# {{BHR}} (4)
# {{BUL}} (2)
# {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Brazil at the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships|Brazil]] (49)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brazilian sprinters can run six sprints in four days during the World Athletics Championships in New Delhi |url=https://cpb.org.br/noticias/velocistas-do-brasil-podem-dar-6-sprints-em-ate-4-dias-durante-mundial-de-atletismo-em-nova-deli/ |access-date=17 September 2025 |website=[[Brazilian Paralympic Committee]]}}</ref>
#{{CAN}} (25)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Team Canada Primed for 2025 World Para Athletics Championships |url=https://athletics.ca/blog/2025/08/05/team-canada-primed-for-2025-world-para-athletics-championships/ |access-date=17 September 2025 |website=[[Athletics Canada]]}}</ref>
# {{CHI}} (4)
# {{flagicon|China}} [[China at the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships|China]] (57)
#{{GBR2}} (34)<ref>{{Cite web |title=NOVUNA GB&NI PARA ATHLETICS TEAM SELECTED FOR WORLD PARA ATHLETICS CHAMPIONSHIPS IN DELHI |url=https://www.britishathletics.org.uk/news-and-features/novuna-gbni-para-athletics-team-selected-for-world-para-athletics-championships-in-delhi/ |access-date=17 September 2025 |website=[[British Athletics]]}}</ref>
# {{flagicon|IND}} [[India at the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships|India]] (73) '''[Hosts]'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=India names 73-member team for World Para Athletics Championships in Delhi |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/athletics/india-announces-squad-team-world-para-athletics-championships-2025-new-delhi-full-athletes-list/article69982747.ece |access-date=17 September 2025 |website=[[Sportstar]]}}</ref>
#{{IRE}} (3)<ref>{{Cite web |title=TEAM IRELAND ANNOUNCED FOR 2025 WORLD PARA ATHLETICS CHAMPIONSHIPS |url=https://www.athleticsireland.ie/team-ireland-announced-for-2025-world-para-athletics-championships/ |access-date=17 September 2025 |website=[[Athletics Ireland]]}}</ref>
#{{IRI}} (19)
#{{JPN}} (31)
#{{KEN}} (20)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenyan Para Athletes eye global success despite training challenges |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sports/2025-09-23-kenyan-para-athletes-eye-global-success-despite-training-challenges |access-date=24 September 2025 |website=[[The Star (Kenya)|The Star, Kenya]]}}</ref>
#{{MEX}} (27)<ref>{{cite web |title=Son 27 los seleccionados al Campeonato Mundial de Para Atletismo Nueva Delhi 2025 |url=https://www.gob.mx/conade/articulos/son-27-los-seleccionados-al-campeonato-mundial-de-para-atletismo-nueva-delhi-2025-404084 |publisher=Comisión Nacional de Cultura Física y Deporte |access-date=30 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250930143403/https://www.gob.mx/conade/articulos/son-27-los-seleccionados-al-campeonato-mundial-de-para-atletismo-nueva-delhi-2025-404084 |archive-date=30 September 2025 |language=Spanish |date=26 July 2025 |trans-title=27 athletes have been selected for the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships in New Delhi.}}</ref>
#{{NAM}} (8)
#{{NZL}} (10)<ref>{{Cite web |title=10 Confirmed for 2025 World Para Athletics Champs |url=https://athletics.org.nz/10-confirmed-for-2025-world-para-athletics-champs/ |access-date=24 September 2025 |website=[[Athletics New Zealand]]}}</ref>
# {{QAT}} (4)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Qatar para-athletics team to compete in world championships in India |url=https://thepeninsulaqatar.com/article/20/09/2025/qatar-para-athletics-team-to-compete-in-world-championships-in-india |access-date=24 September 2025 |website=[[The Peninsula Qatar]]}}</ref>
#{{RSA}} (5)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Team SA aims for glory with five-strong squad at World Para Athletics Championships |url=https://www.ewn.co.za/team-sa-aims-for-glory-with-five-strong-squad-at-world-para-athletics-championships/ |access-date=22 September 2025 |website=[[Eyewitness News (South Africa)|EWN]]}}</ref>
# {{UAE}} (6)
# {{USA}} (39)<ref>{{Cite web |title=USATF NAMES 40 ATHLETES TO 2025 PARA WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS TEAM |url=https://www.usatf.org/news/2025/usatf-names-40-athletes-to-2025-para-world-champio |access-date=17 September 2025 |website=[[USATF]]}}</ref>
# {{UKR}} (20)
# {{UZB}} (35)
# {{flagicon|VEN}} [[Venezuela at the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships|Venezuela]] (7)
# {{flagicon|ZIM}} [[Zimbabwe at the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships|Zimbabwe]] (1)
# {{CMR}} (11)
# {{COL}} (16)
# {{CRC}} (3)
# {{CRO}} (13)
# {{CUB}} (8)
# {{CYP}} (2)
# {{CZE}} (15)
# {{DEN}} (7)
# {{DOM}} (4)
# {{ECU}} (10)
# {{EGY}} (3)
# {{ESP}} (27)
# {{EST}} (4)
# {{FIN}} (7)
# {{FRA}} (26)
# {{GEO}} (2)
# {{GER}} (20)
# {{GHA}} (3)
# {{GRE}} (21)
# {{GUA}} (2)
# {{HKG}} (2)
# {{HUN}} (4)
# {{INA}} (12)
# {{IRL}} (3)
# {{IRQ}} (5)
# {{ISL}} (2)
# {{ITA}} (13)
# {{JOR}} (3)
# {{KAZ}} (6)
# {{KOR}} (7)
# {{KUW}} (2)
# {{LAO}} (1)
# {{LAT}} (4)
# {{LBA}} (1)
# {{LTU}} (18)
# {{MAR}} (6)
# {{MAS}} (7)
# {{MDA}} (9)
# {{MGL}} (3)
# {{MRI}} (11)
# {{NED}} (13)
# {{NEP}} (2)
# {{NOR}} (6)
# {{flagIPC|NPA}} (77) - Russia + Belarus
# {{OMA}} (2)
# {{PAN}} (4)
# {{PER}} (5)
# {{PHI}} (6)
# {{POL}} (29)
# {{POR}} (16)
# {{PUR}} (4)
# {{ROU}} (4)
# RPT (1) - Refugee
# {{SGP}} (3)
# {{SLO}} (1)
# {{SRB}} (6)
# {{SRI}} (5)
# {{SUI}} (7)
# {{SVK}} (3)
# {{SWE}} (5)
# {{THA}} (13)
# {{TPE}} (2)
# {{TTO}} (1)
# {{TUN}} (10)
# {{TUR}} (28)
# {{UGA}} (6)
{{div col end}}

===NOA===
Number of athletes by National Paralympic Committee (NOA)

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!scope="col" width="50"|Ranking
!scope="col" width="250"|[[List of IPC country codes|NPC]]
!scope="col" width="25"|Athletes
|-
|align=center|1||NPA||align=center|77
|-style="background:#9acdff;"
|align=center|2||{{IND}}||align=center|73
|-
|align=center|3||{{CHN}}||align=center|57
|-
|align=center|4||{{BRA}}||align=center|49
|-
|align=center|5||{{AUS}}||align=center|49
|-
|align=center|6||{{USA}}||align=center|39
|-
|align=center|7||{{UZB}}||align=center|35
|-
|align=center|8||{{GBR}}||align=center|34
|-
|align=center|9||{{JPN}}||align=center|31
|-
|align=center|10||{{POL}}||align=center|29
|-
|align=center|11||{{TUR}}||align=center|28
|-
|align=center|12||{{MEX}}||align=center|27
|-
|align=center|13||{{ESP}}||align=center|27
|-
|align=center|14||{{FRA}}||align=center|26
|-
|align=center|15||{{CAN}}||align=center|25
|-
|align=center|16||{{GRE}}||align=center|21
|-
|align=center|17||{{KEN}}||align=center|20
|-
|align=center|18||{{GBR}}||align=center|20
|-
|align=center|19||{{GER}}||align=center|20
|-
|align=center|20||{{IRI}}||align=center|19
|}

==Medal table==

{{Medals table
| caption =
| host = IND
| flag_template = Flag link team
| event =
| team =
| gold_NPA = 11 | silver_NPA = 16 | bronze_NPA = 19 | name_NPA = {{flagIPC|NPA}} | skip_NPA = yes
| gold_BRA = 15 | silver_BRA = 20 | bronze_BRA = 9
| gold_CHN = 13 | silver_CHN = 22 | bronze_CHN = 17
| gold_IND = 6 | silver_IND = 9 | bronze_IND = 7 |host_IND = yes
| gold_IRI = 9 | silver_IRI = 2 | bronze_IRI = 4
| gold_NED = 8 | silver_NED = 3 | bronze_NED = 1
| gold_POL = 8 | silver_POL = 2 | bronze_POL = 6
| gold_COL = 7 | silver_COL = 10 | bronze_COL = 4
| gold_GBR = 7 | silver_GBR = 5 | bronze_GBR = 13
| gold_UZB = 5 | silver_UZB = 5 | bronze_UZB = 2
| gold_TUR = 2 | silver_TUR = 7 | bronze_TUR = 1
| gold_ITA = 7 | silver_ITA = 1 | bronze_ITA = 3
| gold_USA = 6 | silver_USA = 9 | bronze_USA = 12
| gold_ALG = 3 | silver_ALG = 3 | bronze_ALG = 3
| gold_ANG = 0 | silver_ANG = 1 | bronze_ANG = 0
| gold_ARG = 2 | silver_ARG = 1 | bronze_ARG = 0
| gold_AUS = 2 | silver_AUS = 6 | bronze_AUS = 5
| gold_BEL = 4 | silver_BEL = 2 | bronze_BEL = 0
| gold_BUL = 1 | silver_BUL = 0 | bronze_BUL = 0
| gold_BOT = 0 | silver_BOT = 0 | bronze_BOT = 1
| gold_CAN = 3 | silver_CAN = 1 | bronze_CAN = 5
| gold_CRC = 0 | silver_CRC = 1 | bronze_CRC = 1
| gold_CRO = 2 | silver_CRO = 0 | bronze_CRO = 2
| gold_CUB = 1 | silver_CUB = 1 | bronze_CUB = 1
| gold_CZE = 0 | silver_CZE = 1 | bronze_CZE = 1
| gold_DEN = 0 | silver_DEN = 1 | bronze_DEN = 3
| gold_ECU = 3 | silver_ECU = 1 | bronze_ECU = 1
| gold_ESP = 3 | silver_ESP = 2 | bronze_ESP = 5
| gold_FIN = 0 | silver_FIN = 1 | bronze_FIN = 0
| gold_FRA = 0 | silver_FRA = 5 | bronze_FRA = 1
| gold_GER = 6 | silver_GER = 2 | bronze_GER = 3
| gold_GRE = 1 | silver_GRE = 1 | bronze_GRE = 4
| gold_HUN = 1 | silver_HUN = 1 | bronze_HUN = 1
| gold_INA = 0 | silver_INA = 3 | bronze_INA = 1
| gold_IRL = 3 | silver_IRL = 0 | bronze_IRL = 0
| gold_IRQ = 0 | silver_IRQ = 1 | bronze_IRQ = 3
| gold_JPN = 4 | silver_JPN = 8 | bronze_JPN = 2
| gold_JOR = 0 | silver_JOR = 1 | bronze_JOR = 0
| gold_KAZ = 0 | silver_KAZ = 0 | bronze_KAZ = 1
| gold_KEN = 0 | silver_KEN = 2 | bronze_KEN = 0
| gold_KOR = 0 | silver_KOR = 1 | bronze_KOR = 1
| gold_KSA = 1 | silver_KSA = 3 | bronze_KSA = 1
| gold_KUW = 0 | silver_KUW = 1 | bronze_KUW = 0
| gold_LAT = 3 | silver_LAT = 1 | bronze_LAT = 0
| gold_LBA = 1 | silver_LBA = 0 | bronze_LBA = 0
| gold_LTU = 0 | silver_LTU = 1 | bronze_LTU = 1
| gold_MAS = 1 | silver_MAS = 0 | bronze_MAS = 2
| gold_MAR = 1 | silver_MAR = 0 | bronze_MAR = 1
| gold_MEX = 3 | silver_MEX = 1 | bronze_MEX = 6
| gold_MRI = 1 | silver_MRI = 1 | bronze_MRI = 0
| gold_NAM = 0 | silver_NAM = 1 | bronze_NAM = 0

| gold_NOR = 1 | silver_NOR = 0 | bronze_NOR = 1
| gold_NZL = 3 | silver_NZL = 2 | bronze_NZL = 2
| gold_PER = 1 | silver_PER = 0 | bronze_PER = 1

| gold_POR = 1 | silver_POR = 1 | bronze_POR = 2
| gold_RPT = 1 | silver_RPT = 0 | bronze_RPT = 0 | name_RPT = {{flagIPC|RPT}}
| gold_RSA = 2 | silver_RSA = 0 | bronze_RSA = 2
| gold_SRB = 1 | silver_SRB = 1 | bronze_SRB = 1
| gold_SRI = 0 | silver_SRI = 0 | bronze_SRI = 2
| gold_SUI = 6 | silver_SUI = 1 | bronze_SUI = 2
| gold_THA = 6 | silver_THA = 2 | bronze_THA = 2
| gold_TRI = 0 | silver_TRI = 1 | bronze_TRI = 0
| gold_TUN = 2 | silver_TUN = 4 | bronze_TUN = 3
| gold_UAE = 1 | silver_UAE = 0 | bronze_UAE = 1
| gold_UKR = 5 | silver_UKR = 5 | bronze_UKR = 5
| gold_VEN = 0 | silver_VEN = 0 | bronze_VEN = 1

}}

== Placing Table ==
Points were awarded for each athlete finishing in the top 8 of their competition, on a 8 to 1 point scale.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Rank !! Name (country) !! Points !! Athletes !! Events
|-
| align=center|1 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|CHN}} || align=center|471 || align=center|57 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|2 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|BRA}} || align=center|391 || align=center|49 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|3 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|USA}} || align=center|311 || align=center|39 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|4 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|IND}} || align=center|299 || align=center|73 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|5 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|GBR}} || align=center|252 || align=center|34 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|6 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|AUS}} || align=center|204 || align=center|49 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|7 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|POL}} || align=center|168 || align=center|29 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|8 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|COL}} || align=center|167 || align=center|16 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|9 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|JPN}} || align=center|160 || align=center|31 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|10 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|UZB}} || align=center|159 || align=center|35 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|11 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|MEX}} || align=center|145 || align=center|27 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|12 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|TUR}} || align=center|140 || align=center|28 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|13 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|UKR}} || align=center|138 || align=center|20 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|14 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|IRI}} || align=center|133 || align=center|19 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|15 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|GER}} || align=center|130 || align=center|20 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|16 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|ESP}} || align=center|121 || align=center|27 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|17 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|NED}} || align=center|120 || align=center|13 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|18 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|FRA}} || align=center|116 || align=center|26 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|19 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|CAN}} || align=center|112 || align=center|25 || align=center|
|-
| align=center|20 ||align=left| {{flagcountry|ITA}} || align=center|109 || align=center|13 || align=center|
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=2 | Total (94 Nations) || - || align=center|1182 || align=center|184
|}

== Medalists ==
===Men===
====Track====
{| {{MedalistTableParalympics|type=Event|columns=1}}
|-
|rowspan="23"|100 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres}}
| T11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Athanasios Ghavelas]]|GRE}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ananias Shikongo]]|NAM}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Di Dongdong]]|CHN}}
|-
| T12
| {{Flag medalist|[[Salum Ageze Kashafali]]|NOR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ryutaro Kuno]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kesley Teodoro]]|BRA}}
|-
| T13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Shuta Kawakami]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Chad Perris]]|AUS}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fabrício Barros]]|BRA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Chaiwat Rattana]]|THA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Rheed McCracken]]|AUS}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mohamad Othman]]|UAE}}
|-
| T35
| [[Artem Kalashian]] {{FlagIPC|NPA}}
| [[David Dzhatiev]] {{FlagIPC|NPA}}
| [[Dmitrii Safronov]] {{FlagIPC|NPA}}
|-
| T36
| [[Kirill Glazyrin]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Deng Peicheng]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yang Yifei]]|CHN}}
|-
| T37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ricardo Gomes de Mendonça]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Christian Gabriel Costa]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Saptoyogo Purnomo]]|INA}}
|-
| T38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jaydin Blackwell]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ryan Medrano]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Thomas Young (sprinter)|Thomas Young]]|GBR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T44
| {{Flag medalist|[[Naif Almasrahi]]|KSA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Matheus de Lima]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Marco Cicchetti]]|ITA}}
|-
| T47
| {{Flag medalist|[[Petrúcio Ferreira]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Shi Kangjun]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aymane El Haddaoui]]|MAR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T51
| {{Flag medalist|[[Peter Genyn]]|BEL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Roger Habsch]]|BEL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Edgar Navarro|Edgar Cesareo Navarro]]|MEX}}
|-
| T52
| {{Flag medalist|[[Anthony Bouchard (athlete)|Anthony Bouchard]]|CAN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Tomoki Sato]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fabian Blum]]|SUI}}
|-
| T53
| {{Flag medalist|[[Pongsakorn Paeyo]]|THA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Abdulrahman Alqurashi]]|KSA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yoo Byung-hoon]]|KOR}}
|-
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Athiwat Paeng-nuea]]|THA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hu Yang]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mamudo Balde]]|POR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T63
| {{Flag medalist|[[Puseletso Mabote]]|RSA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Partin Muhlisin|Partin]]|INA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Daniel Jørgensen]]|DEN}}
|-
| T64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Felix Streng]]|GER}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Johannes Floors]]|GER}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sherman Guity]]|CRC}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T71
| {{Flag medalist|[[Artur Krzyzek]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Vinícius Cabral]]|BRA}}
|{{n/a}}
|-
| T72
| {{Flag medalist|[[Carlo Calcagni]]|ITA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[João Matos Cunha]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Finlay Menzies]]|GBR}}
|-
|rowspan="8"|200 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 200 metres}}
| T35
| [[David Dzhatiev]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
| [[Dmitrii Safronov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ihor Tsvietov]]|UKR}}
|-
| T37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ricardo Gomes de Mendonça]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Bartolomeu Chaves]]|BRA}}
| [[Andrey Vdovin]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T44
|{{Flag medalist|[[Marco Cicchetti]]|ITA}}
|{{Flag medalist|[[Pavlo Kaplun]]|UKR}}
|{{Flag medalist|[[Sandeep (parathlete)|Sandeep]]|IND}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T51
| {{Flag medalist|[[Peter Genyn]]|BEL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Roger Habsch]]|BEL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Edgar Navarro|Edgar Cesareo Navarro]]|MEX}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Felix Streng]]|GER}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sherman Guity]]|CRC}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Francesco Loragno]]|ITA}}
|-
|rowspan="20"|400 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres}}
| T11
| [[Guillaume Junior Atangana]] {{flagIPC|RPT}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Gauthier Makunda]]|FRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mohammed Ayade]]|IRQ}}
|-
| T12
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fakhriddin Khamraev]]|UZB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Oguz Akbulut]]|TUR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kissanapong Tisuwan]]|THA}}
|-
| T13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Max Marzillier]]|GER}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ryota Fukunaga]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Bose Mokgwathi]]|BOT}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T20
| {{Flag medalist|[[David Jose Pineda Mejia]]|ESP}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Daniel Tavares Martins]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Idris Sufyani]]|KSA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Chaiwat Rattana]]|THA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Rheed McCracken]]|AUS}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Austin Smeenk]]|CAN}}
|-
| T36
| {{Flag medalist|[[James Turner (parathlete)|James Turner]]|AUS}}
| [[Kirill Glazyrin]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[William Stedman (athlete)|William Stedman]]|NZL}}
|-
| T37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Bartolomeu Chaves]]|BRA}}
| [[Anton Feoktistov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yeferson Suárez]]|COL}}
|-
| T38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jaydin Blackwell]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[José Ramírez (para-athlete)|José Ramírez]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Alexandros Diamantis Skourtis]]|GRE}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T47
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aymane El Haddaoui]]|MAR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Thomaz Ruan de Moraes]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Collen Mahlalela]]|RSA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T52
| {{Flag medalist|[[Tomoki Sato]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hirokazu Ueyonabaru]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Tomoya Ito]]|JPN}}
|-
| T53
| {{Flag medalist|[[Pongsakorn Paeyo]]|THA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yoo Byung-hoon]]|KOR}}
| [[Vitalii Gritsenko]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
|-
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yassine Gharbi]]| TUN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Athiwat Paeng-nuea]]|THA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Dai Yunqiang]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T62
| {{Flag medalist|[[Johannes Floors]]|GER}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Olivier Hendriks]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Konstantinos Tourkochoritis]]|GRE}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T72
| {{Flag medalist|[[Carlo Calcagni]]|ITA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[João Matos Cunha]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Piotr Siejwa]]|POL}}
|-
|rowspan="6"|800 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 800 metres}}
| T20
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ndiaga Dieng]]|ITA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Meshal Mahutan]]|KSA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mehmet Emin Eğilmez]]|TUR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Wang Yang (wheelchair racer)|Wang Yang]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Chaiwat Rattana]]|THA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Austin Smeenk]]|CAN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T53
| {{Flag medalist|[[Pongsakorn Paeyo]]|THA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mohamed Nidhal Khelifi]]|TUN}}
| [[Vitalii Gritsenko]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
|-
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jin Hua (athlete)|Jin Hua]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Dai Yunqiang]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yassine Gharbi]]|TUN}}
|-
|rowspan="11"|1500 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 1500 metres}}
| T11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yeltsin Jacques]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Júlio Cesar Agripino]]|BRA}}
| [[Fedor Rudakov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
|-
| T13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Joel Gomez (athlete)|Joel Gomez]]|USA}}
| [[Aleksandr Kostin (athlete)|Aleksandr Kostin]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jaryd Clifford]]|AUS}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T20
| {{Flag medalist|[[Michael Brannigan]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Natsuki Toda (athlete)|Natsuki Toda]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sandro Baessa]]|POR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nathan Riech|Nate Tucker]]|CAN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Amen Allah Tissaoui]]|TUN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Angus Hincksman]]|AUS}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T46
| [[Aleksandr Iaremchuk]] {{FlagIPC|NPA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Antoine Praud]]|FRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Pradeep Puwakpitikande]]|SRI}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T52
| {{Flag medalist|[[Tomoki Sato]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hirokazu Ueyonabaru]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Leonardo de Jesús Pérez Juárez]]|MEX}}
|-
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jin Hua (athlete)|Jin Hua]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Luo Xingchuan]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nathan Maguire]]|GBR}}
|-
|rowspan="4"|5000 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's 5000 metres}}
| T11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kenya Karasawa]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yeltsin Jacques]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Darwin Castro]]|ECU}}
|-
| T13
| [[Aleksandr Kostin (athlete)|Aleksandr Kostin]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Abdelhadi Boudra]]|ALG}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jean Oliveira da Silva]]|BRA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Marcel Hug]]|SUI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Thibault Daurat]]|FRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Putharet Khongrak]]|THA}}
|}

====Field====
{| {{MedalistTableParalympics|type=Event|columns=1}}
|-
|rowspan="4"|High jump {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's high jump}}
|T47
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nishad Kumar]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Abdullah Ilgaz]]|TUR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Roderick Townsend]]|USA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|T63
| {{Flag medalist|[[Shailesh Kumar (para-athlete)|Shailesh Kumar]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ezra Frech]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Varun Singh Bhati]]|IND}}
|-
|T64
|{{Flag medalist|[[Temurbek Giyazov]]|UZB}}
|{{Flag medalist|[[Jonathan Broom-Edwards]]|GBR}}
|{{Flag medalist|[[Praveen Kumar (para-athlete, born 2003)|Praveen Kumar]]|IND}}
|-
|rowspan="15"|Long jump {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's long jump}}
| T11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Di Dongdong]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Chen Shichang]]|CHN}}
| [[Maksim Shavrikov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
|-
| T12
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fernando Vázquez (para-athlete)|Fernando Vázquez]]|ARG}}
| [[Ihar Sauchuk]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Andreas Walser (athlete)|Andreas Walser]]|GER}}
|-
| T13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Iván Cano (long jumper)|Iván Cano]]|ESP}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ryota Fukunaga]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Vegard Dragsund Sverd]]|NOR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T20
| {{Flag medalist|[[Abdul Latif Romly]]|MAS}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hassan Dawshi]]|KSA}}
| [[Matvei Iakushev]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T36
| [[Evgenii Torsunov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[William Stedman (athlete)|William Stedman]]|NZL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Oleksandr Lytvynenko (athlete)|Oleksandr Lytvynenko]]|UKR}}
|-
| T37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Brian Lionel Impellizzeri]]|ARG}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sergei Biriukov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Muhammad Nazmi Nasri]]|MAS}}
|-
| T38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Bartosz Sienkiewicz]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Juan Gómez Coa]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhong Huanghao]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T44
| {{Flag medalist|[[Marco Cicchetti]]|ITA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Dzmitry Bartashevich]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nuwan Indika (athlete)|Nuwan Indika]]|SRI}}
|-
| T47
| {{Flag medalist|[[Robiel Yankiel Sol Cervantes]]|CUB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nikita Kotukov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Wang Hao (parathlete)|Wang Hao]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T63
| {{Flag medalist|[[Joel de Jong]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Léon Schäfer]]|GER}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Daniel Wagner (parathlete)|Daniel Wagner]]|DEN}}
|-
| T64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Markus Rehm]]|GER}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Derek Loccident]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jarryd Wallace]]|USA}}
|-
|rowspan="23" |Shot put {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's shot put}}
|F11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Amirhossein Alipour Darbeid]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mahdi Olad]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Álvaro del Amo Cano]]|ESP}}
|-
|F12
| {{Flag medalist|[[Volodymyr Ponomarenko (athlete)|Volodymyr Ponomarenko]]|UKR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Emils Dzilna]]|LAT}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Stefan Dimitrijević]]|SRB}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F20
| {{Flag medalist|[[Oleksandr Yarovyi]]|UKR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Maksym Koval (athlete)|Maksym Koval]]|UKR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Muhammad Ziyad Zolkefli]]|MAS}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F32
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jasur Khodjaev]]|UZB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Athanasios Konstantinidis]]|GRE}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mohamed Nadjib Amchi]]|ALG}}
|-
|F33
| {{Flag medalist|[[Deni Cerni]]|CRO}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aleksandr Khrupin]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kamel Kardjena]]|ALG}}
|-
|F34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mehran Nikoee Majd]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ahmad Hindi (athlete)|Ahmad Hindi]]|JOR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mauricio Valencia]]|COL}}
|-
|F35
| {{Flag medalist|[[Seyed Aliasghar Javanmardi]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hernan Emanuel Urra]]|ARG}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fu Xinhan]]|CHN}}
|-
|F36
| {{Flag medalist|[[Vladimir Sviridov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yassine Guenichi]]|TUN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Alan Kokoity]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
|F37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Albert Khinchagov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aleksandr Belobokov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Tolibboy Yuldashev]]|UZB}}
|-
|F38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Levin Moreno]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[José Lemos (athlete)|José Lemos]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Michael Jenkins (athlete)|Michael Jenkins]]|GBR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F40
| {{Flag medalist|[[Denis Gnezdilov]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Miguel Monteiro (athlete)|Miguel Monteiro]]|POR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Garrah Tnaiash]]|EGY}}
|-
|F41
| {{Flag medalist|[[Niko Kappel]]|GER}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Bobirjon Omonov]]|UZB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aiaal Sivtsev]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F46
| {{Flag medalist|[[Greg Stewart (athlete)|Greg Stewart]]|CAN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Joshua Cinnamo]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Luka Bakovic]]|CRO}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F53
| {{Flag medalist|[[Bartosz Górczak]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aleš Kisý]]|CZE}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Viacheslav Kaleev]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
|F55
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ruzhdi Ruzhdi]]|BUL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nebojša Đurić]]|SRB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lech Stoltman]]|POL}}
|-
|F57
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yasin Khosravi]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Thiago Paulino dos Santos]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Soman Rana]]|IND}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F63
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aled Davies (field athlete)|Aled Davies]]|GBR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Faisal Sorour]]|KUW}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Edenilson Roberto Floriani|Edenilson Floriani]]|BRA}}
|-
|rowspan="11"|Discus throw {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's discus throw}}
|F11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hassan Bajoulvand]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Alessandro Rodrigo Silva]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Álvaro del Amo Cano]]|ESP}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Luis Carlos López Valenzuela]]|MEX}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yamato Shimbo]]|JPN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mykola Zhabnyak]]|UKR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F44
| {{flagIPCmedalist|[[Andrés Mosquera (discus thrower)|Andrés Mosquera]]|COL}}
| {{flagIPCmedalist|[[Akeem Stewart]]|TRI}}
| {{flagIPCmedalist|[[Dan Greaves (discus thrower)|Dan Greaves]]|GBR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F52
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aigars Apinis]]|LAT}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[André Rocha (athlete)|André Rocha]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Velimir Sandor]]|CRO}}
|-
|F56
| {{Flag medalist|[[Claudiney Batista]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yogesh Kathuniya]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Konstantinos Tzounis]]|GRE}}
|-
|F57
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mahmoud Rajab]]|LBA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Thiago Paulino dos Santos]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Atul Kaushik]]|IND}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ivan Katanusic]]|CRO}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Max Rohn]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Pardeep Kumar (discus thrower)|Pardeep Kumar]]|IND}}
|-
|rowspan="14"|Javelin throw {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw}}
|F13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Daniel Pembroke]]|GBR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ulicer Aguilera Cruz]]|CUB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Héctor Cabrera]]|ESP}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Saeid Afrooz]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Diego Meneses]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mauricio Valencia]]|COL}}
|-
|F38
| {{Flag medalist|[[José Lemos (athlete)|José Lemos]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Luis Fernando Lucumí Villegas]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Vladyslav Bilyi]]|UKR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F41
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sadegh Beit Sayah]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Navdeep Singh (athlete)|Navdeep Singh]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sun Pengxiang]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F44
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sandip Sanjay Sargar]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sandeep Chaudhary]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Edenilson Roberto Floriani|Edenilson Floriani]]|BRA}}
|-
|F46
| {{Flag medalist|[[Rinku Hooda]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sundar Singh Gurjar]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Guillermo Varona]]|CUB}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ali Baziyarshoorijeh]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ivan Revenko]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Erfan Bondori Deraznoei]]|IRI}}
|-
|F57
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mohammad Khalvandi]]|TUR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yorkinbek Odilov]]|UZB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Amanolah Papi]]|IRI}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sumit Antil]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Tomás Soto]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Rufat Khabibullin]]|KAZ}}
|-
|rowspan="3"|Club throw {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's club throw}}
|F32
| {{Flag medalist|[[Walid Ferhah]]|ALG}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ahmed Mehideb]]|ALG}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Frantisek Serbus]]|CZE}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F51
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aleksandar Radišić]]|SRB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Dharambir Nain]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Uladzislau Hryb]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|}

===Women===
====Track====
{| {{MedalistTableParalympics|type=Event|columns=1}}
|-
|rowspan="21"|100 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 100 metres}}
| T11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jerusa Geber]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Liu Yiming (athlete)|Liu Yiming]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Alba García Falagán]]|ESP}}
|-
| T12
| {{flagIPCmedalist|[[Simran Sharma]]|IND}}
| {{flagIPCmedalist|[[Liang Yanfen]]|CHN}}
| {{flagIPCmedalist|[[Nagore Folgado García]]|ESP}}
|-
| T13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Orla Comerford]]|IRL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Rayane Soares da Silva]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kym Crosby]]|USA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hannah Cockroft]]|GBR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Karé Adenegan]]|GBR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lan Hanyu]]|CHN}}
|-
| T35
| {{Flag medalist|[[Guo Qianqian]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Preethi Pal]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fatimah Suwaed]]|IRQ}}
|-
| T36
| {{Flag medalist|[[Danielle Aitchison]]|NZL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mali Lovell]]|AUS}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Veronica Hipólito]]|BRA}}
|-
| T37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Wen Xiaoyan]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Taylor Swanson]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Viktoriia Slanova]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
| T38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Angie Mejía]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Karen Palomeque]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lida-Maria Manthopoulou]]|GRE}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T44
| {{Flag medalist|[[Victoria Levitt]]|GBR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Annie Carey]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Bebe Jackson]]|GBR}}
|-
| T47
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kiara Rodríguez]]|ECU}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Maria Clara Augusto]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Marie Ngoussou-Ngouyi]]|FRA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T53
| {{Flag medalist|[[Catherine Debrunner]]|SUI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hamide Doğangün]]|TUR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhou Hongzhuan]]|CHN}}
|-
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Noemi Alphonse]]|MRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zübeyde Süpürgeci]]|TUR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhou Zhaoqian]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T63
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ambra Sabatini]]|ITA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Karisma Evi Tiarani]]|INA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ndidikama Okoh]]|GBR}}
|-
| T64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fleur Jong]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Marlene van Gansewinkel]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Marissa Papaconstantinou]]|CAN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T71
| {{Flag medalist|[[Thekra Al Kaabi]]|UAE}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Bella Morkus]]|LTU}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Miriam Dominikowska]]|POL}}
|-
| T72
| {{Flag medalist|[[Magdalena Andruszkiewicz]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Judith Tortosa Vila]]|ESP}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zofia Kalucka]]|POL}}
|-
|rowspan="13"|200 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 200 metres}}
| T11
|{{Flag medalist|[[Jerusa Geber]]|BRA}}
|{{Flag medalist|[[Liu Yiming (athlete)|Liu Yiming]]|CHN}}
|{{Flag medalist|[[Thalita Simplício]]|BRA}}
|-
| T12
|{{Flag medalist|[[Clara Daniele Barros da Silva]]|BRA}}
|{{Flag medalist|[[Simran Sharma]]|IND}}
|{{Flag medalist|[[Shen Yaqin]]|CHN}}
|-
| T13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Orla Comerford]]|IRL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Rayane Soares da Silva]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kym Crosby]]|USA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T35
| {{Flag medalist|[[Guo Qianqian]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fatimah Suwaed]]|IRQ}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Preethi Pal]]|IND}}
|-
| T36
| {{Flag medalist|[[Danielle Aitchison]]|NZL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mali Lovell]]|AUS}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Cheyenne Bouthoorn]]|NED}}
|-
| T37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Wen Xiaoyan]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nataliia Kobzar]]|UKR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Taylor Swanson]]|USA}}
|-
| T38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Karen Palomeque]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Angie Mejía]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Luca Ekler]]|HUN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T44
| {{Flag medalist|[[Annie Carey]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Victoria Levitt]]|GBR}}
| {{n/a}}
|-
| T47
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kiara Rodríguez]]|ECU}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Maria Clara Augusto]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Anna Grimaldi]]|NZL}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Marlene van Gansewinkel]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Marissa Papaconstantinou]]|CAN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sydney Barta]]|USA}}
|-
|rowspan="15"|400 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres}}
| T11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Thalita Simplício]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Juliana Ngleya Moko]]|ANG}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Melissa Baldera]]|PER}}
|-
| T12
| {{Flag medalist|[[Anna Kulinich-Sorokina]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hajar Safarzadeh]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Alejandra Paola Pérez López]]|VEN}}
|-
| T13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Carolina Duarte]]|POR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mariia Ulianenko]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mana Sasaki]]|JPN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T20
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aysel Önder]]|TUR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Deepthi Jeevanji]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yuliia Shuliar]]|UKR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hannah Cockroft]]|GBR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Karé Adenegan]]|GBR}}
|{{n/a}}
|-
| T37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nataliia Kobzar]]|UKR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Viktoriia Slanova]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sheryl James (athlete)|Sheryl James]]|RSA}}
|-
| T38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Karen Palomeque]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Chen Zimo]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lindy Ave]]|GER}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T47
| {{Flag medalist|[[Maria Clara Augusto]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Anastasiia Soloveva]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jule Ross]]|GER}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T53
| {{Flag medalist|[[Catherine Debrunner]]|SUI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hamide Doğangün]]|TUR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhou Hongzhuan]]|CHN}}
|-
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Léa Bayekula]]|BEL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhou Zhaoqian]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hannah Dederick]]|USA}}
|-
| T72
| {{Flag medalist|[[Magdalena Andruszkiewicz]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Andrea Stokholm Overgaard]]|DEN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Edileusa dos Santos]]|BRA}}
|-
|rowspan="4"|800 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 800 metres}}
| T34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hannah Cockroft]]|GBR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kare Adenegan]]|GBR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lan Hanyu]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T53
| {{Flag medalist|[[Catherine Debrunner]]|SUI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhou Hongzhuan]]|CHN}}
| {{n/a}}
|-
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Léa Bayekula]]|BEL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhou Zhaoqian]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Melanie Woods]]|GBR}}
|-
|rowspan="6"|1500 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 1500 metres}}
| T11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Neri Mamani]]|PER}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nancy Chelangat Koech]]|KEN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Joanna Mazur]]|POL}}
|-
| T13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Greta Streimikyte]]|IRL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Izaskun Osés Ayúcar]]|ESP}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Elena Pautova]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T20
| {{Flag medalist|[[Antônia Keyla|Antônia Keyla Barros]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Barbara Bieganowska-Zając]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Annabelle Colman]]|AUS}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Catherine Debrunner]]|SUI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhou Zhaoqian]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Melanie Woods]]|GBR}}
|-
|5000 metres {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 5000 metres}}
| T54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Catherine Debrunner]]|SUI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Tian Yajuan]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Patricia Eachus]]|SUI}}
|}

====Field====
{| {{MedalistTableParalympics|type=Event|columns=1}}
|-
|rowspan="12"|Long jump {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's long jump}}
| T11
| {{flag medalist|[[Alba García Falagán]]|ESP}}
| {{flag medalist|[[Tiffany Logette-Lods]]|FRA}}
| {{flag medalist|[[Arjola Dedaj]]|ITA}}
|-
| T12
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yokutkhon Kholbekova]]|UZB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Iida Lounela]]|FIN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lynda Hamri]]|ALG}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T20
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zileide Cassiano]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fatma Damla Altın]]|TUR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Karolina Kucharczyk]]|POL}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Wen Xiaoyan]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Anais Angeline]]|MRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jaleen Roberts]]|USA}}
|-
| T38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Luca Ekler]]|HUN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Angie Mejía]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Karen Palomeque]]|COL}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T47
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kiara Rodriguez]]|ECU}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Petra Luteran]]|HUN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Bjørk Nørremark]]|DEN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
| T63
| {{Flag medalist|[[Vanessa Low]]|AUS}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Elena Kratter]]|SUI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Noelle Lambert-Beirne]]|USA}}
|-
| T64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Fleur Jong]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kiki Hendriks]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Beatriz Hatz]]|USA}}
|-
|rowspan="21"|Shot put {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's shot put}}
|F12
| {{Flag medalist|[[Assunta Legnante]]|ITA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhao Yuping]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lydia Church]]|GBR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F20
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sabrina Fortune]]|GBR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ebrar Keskin]]|TUR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Aleksandra Zaitseva]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F32
| {{Flag medalist|[[Wanna Brito]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Anastasiia Moskalenko]]|UKR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Evgeniia Galaktionova]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
|F33
| {{Flag medalist|[[Svetlana Krivenok]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Wu Qing (athlete)|Wu Qing]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Julia Hanes]]|CAN}}
|-
|F34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zou Lijuan]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lucyna Kornobys]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Galina Lipatnikova]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
|F35
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mariia Pomazan]]|UKR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Wang Jun (parathlete)|Wang Jun]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Anna Nicholson]]|GBR}}
|-
|F36
| {{Flag medalist|[[Cheyenne Bouthoorn]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kirra Wright]]|AUS}}
|{{n/a}}
|-
|F37
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lisa Adams (athlete)|Lisa Adams]]|NZL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Irina Vertinskaya]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mi Na (athlete)|Mi Na]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F40
| {{Flag medalist|[[Lara Baars]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Madina Mukhtorova]]|UZB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Raja Jebali]]|TUN}}
|-
|F41
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mayerli Buitrago Ariza]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Kubaro Khakimova]]|UZB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Raoua Tlili]]| TUN}}
|-
|F44
| {{Flag medalist|[[Arelle Middleton]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yao Juan]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Funmi Oduwaiye]]|GBR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F46
| {{Flag medalist|[[Karomat Omonova]]|UZB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Holly Robinson (athlete)|Holly Robinson]]|NZL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Katie Pegg]]|CAN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Gloria Zarza]]|MEX}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Elizabeth Rodrigues Gomes]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Elham Salehi]]|IRI}}
|-
|F57
| {{Flag medalist|[[Safia Djelal]]|ALG}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nassima Saifi]]|ALG}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Tian Yuxin]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Faustyna Kotlowska]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Alexandra Nouchet]]|FRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Alicia Guerrero]]|USA}}
|-
|rowspan="12"|Discus throw {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's discus throw}}
|F11
| {{Flag medalist|[[Xue Enhui]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Assunta Legnante]]|ITA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Oksana Dobrovolskaja]]|LTU}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F38
| {{Flag medalist|[[Simoné Kruger]]|RSA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Mi Na (athlete)|Mi Na]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Li Yingli]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F41
| {{Flag medalist|[[Raoua Tlili]]|TUN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Estefany López]]|ECU}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Navruza Akhmatova]]|UZB}}
|-
|F44
| {{Flag medalist|[[Osiris Machado]]|MEX}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Samantha Heyison]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Yao Juan]]|CHN}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F53
| {{Flag medalist|[[Elizabeth Rodrigues Gomes]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zoia Ovsii]]|UKR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Elena Gorlova]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
|F55
| {{Flag medalist|[[Diāna Krumina]]|LAT}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Érica Castaño]]|COL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[María Guadalupe Navarro Hernández]]|MEX}}
|-
|F57
| {{Flag medalist|[[Nassima Saifi]]|ALG}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Tian Yuxin]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Floralia Estrada]]|MEX}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F64
| {{Flag medalist|[[Faustyna Kotłowska]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Jessica Heims]]|USA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Alicia Guerrero]]|USA}}
|-
|rowspan="8"|Javelin throw {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's javelin throw}}
|F13
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zhao Yuping]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Sheilla Wanyoyi]]|KEN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Anna Kulinich-Sorokina]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F34
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zou Lijuan]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zuo Caiyun]]|CHN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Dayna Crees]]|AUS}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F46
| {{Flag medalist|[[Noelle Roorda]]|NED}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Shahinakhon Yigitalieva]]|UZB}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Hollie Arnold]]|GBR}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8" |
|-
|F54
| {{Flag medalist|[[Elham Salehi]]|IRI}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Alondra Salazar]]|MEX}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Rebeca Citlaly Cortés]]|MEX}}
|-
|F56
| {{Flag medalist|[[Diāna Krumina]]|LAT}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Raíssa Rocha Machado]]|BRA}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zeinab Moradi Rashnou]]|IRI}}
|-
|rowspan="8"|Club throw {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's club throw}}
|F32
| {{Flag medalist|[[Roza Kozakowska]]|POL}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Maroua Brahmi]]| TUN}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Giovanna Boscolo]]|BRA}}
|-
| bgcolor="#dddddd" colspan="8"|
|-
|F51
| {{Flag medalist|[[Zoia Ovsii]]|UKR}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ekta Bhyan]]|IND}}
| {{Flag medalist|[[Ekaterina Potapova]] {{flagIPC|NPA}}}}
|}

===Mixed===
{| {{MedalistTableParalympics|type=Event|columns=1}}
|-
|4 × 100 metres relay {{DetailsLink|2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Mixed 4 × 100 metres relay}}
|Universal
| {{Flag link|NED}} [[Zara Temmink]] [[Fleur Jong]] [[Stijn van Bergen]] [[Lito Anker]]
| {{Flag link|INA}} [[Ni Made Arianti Putri]] [[Nanda Mei Sholihah]] [[Saptoyogo Purnomo]] [[Jaenal Aripin]]
| {{Flag link|AUS}} [[Nathan Jason]] [[Lexie Brown (athlete)|Lexie Brown]] [[Akeesha Snowden]] [[Luke Bailey (wheelchair racer)|Luke Bailey]]
|}

==See also==
* World Athletics track and field championships in 2025
** [[2025 World Athletics Championships]]
** [[2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships]]
** [[2025 World Athletics Relays]]
*World Para Sports Championships in 2025
** [[2025 World Para Swimming Championships]]
** [[2025 World Rowing Championships#Pararowing|2025 World Para Rowing Championships]]
** [[2025 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships#Paracanoe|2025 ICF Paracanoe World Championships]]
** [[2025 UCI Para-cycling Road World Championships]]
** [[2025 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships]]
** [[2025 World Para Archery Championships]]
** [[2025 IFSC Paraclimbing World Championships]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|https://www.paralympic.org/athletics/new-delhi-2025}}

{{IPC Athletics World Championships}}
{{2025 in athletics}}
{{World championships in 2025}}

[[Category:2025 World Para Athletics Championships| ]]
[[Category:World Para Athletics Championships]]
[[Category:2025 in the sport of athletics|World Para Athletics Championships]]
[[Category:2025 in disability sport|World Para Athletics Championships]]
[[Category:2025 in Indian sport]]
[[Category:International athletics competitions hosted by India]]
[[Category:September 2025 sports events in Asia]]
[[Category:October 2025 sports events in Asia]]
[[Category:Sports competitions in New Delhi]]
[[Category:2020s in New Delhi]]
[[Category:Athletics in New Delhi]]
[[Category:Parasports in India]]

Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao

2026-05-03T01:18:35Z

Ieagle: Creating New Biography Initial Version

{{Short description|Indian freedom fighter, journalist, and Telangana political activist (1932–2015)}}
{{COI|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao
| image = Freedom_Fighter_Raghuveer_Rao_in_1948_Hyderabad_Liberation.png
| image_size =
| alt = Group photograph of student Sathyagrahis of Hyderabad Students Union arrested 8 March 1948. Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao is seated second from left.
| caption = Raghuveer Rao (seated, second from left) among student Sathyagrahis of the Hyderabad Students Union, arrested 8 March 1948
| birth_name = Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1932|11|16|df=yes}}
| birth_place = Kunoor Village, [[Warangal district|Nalgonda District]], [[Hyderabad State]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2015|2|5|1932|11|16|df=yes}}
| death_place = DRDO Apollo Hospital, Kanchanbagh, [[Hyderabad]], [[Telangana]], India
| resting_place =
| other_names = Anveshanam (literary pen name)
| occupation = Freedom fighter, journalist, poet, political activist
| known_for = Co-founder of [[Telangana Praja Samithi]] (1969); founding member of [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]] (2001); "Bommala Katha" front page at ''Eenadu''
| spouse = Ramadevi
| children = S. Vamshi Krishna
| parents = S. Tirumala Rao (father) Yashodamma (mother)
| relatives =
| awards =
}}

'''Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao''' (16 November 1932 – 5 February 2015) was an Indian [[freedom fighter]], journalist, poet, and political activist who played a significant role in the [[Hyderabad Liberation movement|Hyderabad liberation struggle]] (1947–1948) and in both the 1969 and 2001–2014 phases of the [[Telangana]] statehood movement. He was one of the journalist co-founders of the [[Telangana Praja Samithi]] (TPS) in 1969 alongside [[Pratap Kishore]], PN Swamy and Ananthula Madan Mohan,<ref name="sakshi"/> and a founding participant and General Secretary (2002–2004) of the [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]] (TRS).<ref name="kpias">{{cite web|url=https://kpiasacademy.com/emergence-of-trs-party-kcr-telangana/|title=Emergence of TRS Party|publisher=KPIAS Academy|access-date=27 April 2026}}</ref> As News Editor of the Telugu daily ''[[Eenadu]]'', he is credited with orchestrating the 1982 "Bommala Katha" front page — a pivotal editorial decision widely cited in the formation of the [[Telugu Desam Party]].<ref name="mvr_sastry">{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTooF5RzQEM|title=MVR Sastry interview — Eenadu and Telugu politics|publisher=iDream Media|time=41:29–48:17|access-date=27 April 2026}}</ref>

==Early life and education==

Raghuveer Rao was born on 16 November 1932 in Kunoor Village, Warangal District — at his maternal grandmother's home, then part of [[Hyderabad State]] under the rule of the [[Nizam of Hyderabad|Nizam]]. His paternal village was Narsampalli, Mulug Mandal, Gajwel Taluk, [[Medak district|Medak District]].<ref name="biodata">{{cite document|title=Bio-Data: S. Raghuveer Rao, Freedom Fighter|publisher=Self-compiled primary source document, signed by Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao|location=Saidabad Colony, Hyderabad|id=Family archive of S. Vamshi Krishna, Hyderabad}}</ref> He was the eldest of seven children of S. Tirumala Rao and Yashodamma.<ref name="biodata"/>

His mother died of tuberculosis when he was fourteen. Following her death, he relocated to [[Hyderabad, Telangana|Hyderabad]] and pursued his education under the care of his paternal uncle, Purushottam Rao, educating himself to the 12th standard.

==Freedom struggle (1946–1948)==

While studying in Sangareddy, Raghuveer Rao attended the 13th [[Andhra Mahasabha]] held at Kandi, Medak District, serving as a boy scout volunteer alongside P. Ramachandra Reddy (later Speaker of the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]) and C. Jagannath Rao (later Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh).<ref name="biodata"/>

Motivated by opposition to the [[Nizam]]'s rule and the atrocities of the [[Razakars (Hyderabad)|Razakars]], he boycotted high school and joined the student movement on the advice of B.S. Mahadev Singh, President of the Provincial Congress Committee B (Hyderabad City). He became a member of the action committee of the All Hyderabad Students Union and helped organise student [[satyagraha]] campaigns under the leadership of Sri B. Satyanarayana Reddy.<ref name="biodata"/>

He subsequently joined the Jayanthi border camps in [[Krishna district|Krishna District]], training facilities organised by the [[Indian National Army]] to prepare Telangana youth for confrontation with the Nizam's paramilitary forces. He trained under Captain Ramachandran of the INA.<ref name="biodata"/>

On '''8 March 1948''', he was arrested for his activism and imprisoned in [[Chanchalguda Central Jail]], Hyderabad. During his imprisonment he edited a handwritten Urdu magazine, ''Payame Nou'' ("New Message"), for his fellow inmates — his first editorial work, intended to sustain the morale and political awareness of those imprisoned alongside him.<ref name="biodata"/> He was released on '''19 October 1948''', following the completion of [[Operation Polo]] and the integration of Hyderabad State into the Indian Union.<ref name="biodata"/>

[[File:Freedom_Fighter_Raghuveer_Rao_in_1948_Hyderabad_Liberation.png|thumb|right|Group photograph of Student Satyagrahis of the Hyderabad Students Union, arrested 8 March 1948. Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao is seated second from left. Source: ''In Jail Beyond Police Action'' (1948). CC BY-SA 4.0.]]

==Career in journalism==

After his release, Raghuveer Rao supported himself through private tuitions while living in modest accommodation near Secunderabad, driven throughout by his deep commitment to education and learning. He subsequently held several positions before establishing his journalism career: teacher at Mufeedul Anam High School, translator in the Information Department, and clerk at the Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad.<ref name="book_author"/> He worked at ''Janashakti'' and ''Prajavani'' before becoming Chief Sub-Editor of ''[[Andhra Bhoomi]]''. He then joined ''[[Eenadu]]'' as News Editor, where he worked closely with the newspaper's founder [[Ramoji Rao]].<ref name="biodata"/> He was instrumental in Eenadu's campaigns on issues including the abolition of [[zamindari]] rules.

===The "Bommala Katha" incident (c. 1982)===

As News Editor of ''Eenadu'', Raghuveer Rao made an editorial decision that had significant political consequences. When then-[[All India Congress Committee|AICC]] General Secretary [[Rajiv Gandhi]] arrived at [[Rajiv Gandhi International Airport|Hyderabad airport]] and publicly slighted sitting Chief Minister [[T. Anjaiah]] — refusing to accompany him on the onward helicopter — Raghuveer Rao recognised the political significance of the event. He arranged a sequence of photographs documenting the incident into an eight-column front-page story titled ''"Bommala Katha"'' ("Picture Story").

The story is widely cited as catalysing the sentiment of ''Atma Gauravam'' (Telugu self-respect) across Andhra Pradesh, and as a factor in [[N.T. Rama Rao]]'s decision to enter politics and found the [[Telugu Desam Party]] in 1982.<ref name="mvr_sastry"/> TDP subsequently won the 1983 Andhra Pradesh state elections by a substantial majority, ending nearly two decades of uninterrupted [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] governance in the state.

===Sanathana Sarathi and later journalism (1974–1986)===

In the mid-1970s, Raghuveer Rao accepted the position of Editor of ''[[Sanathana Sarathi]]'', the monthly spiritual magazine of the [[Sri Sathya Sai Baba|Sri Sathya Sai]] organisation, published from [[Puttaparthi]]. He had been a devotee of Sri Sathya Sai Baba since 1953. He served in Puttaparthi until 1986, during which period he also edited the magazine ''Vedamatha'' and completed his poetry compilation ''Anveshana''. He subsequently contributed to ''Navashakti'', ''Andhra Prabha'', and other publications.

==Political activism==

===Bhoodan movement and socialist activism===

Raghuveer Rao participated in [[Vinoba Bhave]]'s [[Bhoodan movement|Bhoodan Movement]], donating his own land and assets to the cause. He also offered ''Jeevan Dan'' (dedication of life) at the call of [[Jayaprakash Narayan]].<ref name="biodata"/> He actively worked for the [[Socialist Party of India]] in various capacities.<ref name="biodata"/>

===Co-founding of Telangana Praja Samithi (1969)===

Raghuveer Rao was one of the founding members of the '''[[Telangana Praja Samithi]]''' (TPS) in 1969, which he co-founded alongside [[Pratap Kishore]] and other journalists including PN Swamy and Ananthula Madan Mohan.<ref name="biodata"/><ref name="sakshi"/> In his own bio-data, he recorded: ''"Founded 'Telangana Praja Samithi' along with Pratap Kishore and other fellow Journalists in 1969."''<ref name="biodata"/>

The TPS was the first organised political body to demand a separate [[Telangana]] state and rapidly gained mass support. According to a tribute by retired journalist Potthuri Venkateswarrao, student leaders held nightly strategy sessions with Raghuveer Rao, Pratap Kishore and PN Swamy at the Deccan Chronicle–Andhra Bhoomi offices; these discussions influenced key decisions of the movement, including the publication of Telangana bandh calls on Andhra Bhoomi's front page.<ref name="sakshi"/> When [[Marri Chenna Reddy]] negotiated the merger of TPS into the [[Indian National Congress]] under [[Indira Gandhi]], Raghuveer Rao opposed the merger publicly. He declined an offer of a Cabinet Minister position in exchange for his acquiescence.

He was subsequently arrested, taken to Musheerabad, and imprisoned in [[Rajahmundry Jail]] — recorded in his bio-data as: ''"Imprisoned in Musheerabad and Rajamundry Jail in 1969 for participating in Separate Telangana Movement."''<ref name="biodata"/>

===Post-1969 political activity===

Following his release, Raghuveer Rao co-founded the '''Telangana Praja Party (TPP)''', serving as Founder Co-Chairman, and was a member of the presidium of the '''Telangana Aikya Vedika'''.<ref name="biodata"/>

He contested the 1971 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly elections from the [[Yakutpura]] constituency on a [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh|Jan Sangh]] ticket. During this campaign he continued his night shifts at ''Andhra Bhoomi'' to protect his income, declining to solicit financial support from anyone.<ref name="sakshi">{{cite news|url=https://www.sakshi.com/news/opinion/freedom-fighter-santhapuri-raghuveer-rao-210820|title=కల నిజమైంది.. కన్ను మూసుకుంది|publisher=Sakshi|author=Potthuri Venkateswarrao|language=te}}</ref> He later contested on a [[Janata Party]] ticket. In '''1972''', he contested the [[Charminar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Charminar constituency]] as a Sampoorna Telangana Praja Samithi (STS) candidate, receiving 5,591 votes (15.48%) and finishing second; the seat was won by independent candidate Syed Hassan with 15,341 votes.<ref name="charminar_result">{{cite web|url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/charminar-andhra-pradesh-assembly-constituency|title=Charminar Andhra Pradesh Assembly Constituency — Election Results|publisher=Result University|access-date=28 April 2026}}</ref>

In 1991–92, he contested the Andhra Pradesh state elections as an independent candidate, self-financing his campaign, with the stated purpose of maintaining the visibility of the Telangana statehood demand during a period of political inactivity on the issue.

On '''27 October 1996''', a meeting of Telangana movement leaders was convened at Nizamabad. Raghuveer Rao attended alongside [[Kaloji Narayana Rao]], [[Professor Jayashankar]], Konda Laxman Bapuji, Bhupathi Krishna Murthy, and [[Gaddar (poet)|Gaddar]], among others. The assembled leaders unanimously concluded that the push for a separate Telangana state must continue.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Client Challenge |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/797425442/TGPSC-GR-2-TEST-27-01-08-24-EM-SOL-1428826-2024-10-28-23-44 |access-date=2026-04-30 |website=www.scribd.com}}</ref>

[[File:Freedom_Fighter_Santhapuri_Raghuveer_Rao_being_Felicitated_by_the_senior_congress_leaders_and_Freedom_fighters_Sri_Konda_Laxman_Bapudi_and_Katam_Laxmi_Narayana.jpg|thumb|right|Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao being felicitated by senior Congress leaders and freedom fighters Sri [[Konda Laxman Bapuji]] and Katam Laxmi Narayana.]]

[[File:Sr._Journalist_and_Freedom_Fighter_Santhapuri_Raghuveer_Rao_during_the_Press_meeting_with_Director_General_of_Andhra_Pradesh_Sri_H.J_Dora_on_4th_May_1997.jpg|thumb|left|Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao at a press meeting with the Director General of Andhra Pradesh, Sri H.J. Dora, 4 May 1997.]]

===Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (1994–c. 2000)===

Raghuveer Rao served in the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]'s translation department, appointed by Speaker G. Narayana Rao, rendering Urdu speeches in Telugu and vice versa during live Assembly sessions.<ref name="sakshi"/> By the late 1990s he was the sole officer managing simultaneous translation across Telugu, Urdu, English, and Hindi.<ref name="sakshi"/> When he became associated with [[K. Chandrashekar Rao]]'s preparations to launch what would become the [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]], he was directed by senior Assembly officers to cease his political activities or face dismissal. He resigned from his position.

[[File:Gaddar_addressing_the_gathering_from_the_stage_in_the_presence_of_Intellectualls_and_Serior_leaders_Prof._Kothapalli_Jayashankar,_Sr._Journalist,_Freedom_Fighter_Santhapuri_Raghuveer_Rao.jpg|thumb|right|[[Gaddar (poet)|Gaddar]] addressing a Telangana movement gathering, with [[Kothapalli Jayashankar|Prof. Kothapalli Jayashankar]] and Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao seated on the dais, 7 March 1999.]]

===Telangana Rashtra Samithi (2001–2004)===

Raghuveer Rao was a founding participant in the formation of the '''[[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]]''' (TRS) on 27 April 2001.<ref name="kpias"/> In '''September 2000''', he met [[K. Chandrashekar Rao]] and personally invited him to champion the Telangana statehood cause — a meeting documented in Telangana State Public Service Commission examination material as the first invitation extended to KCR to join the movement.<ref name=":0" /> A published account records: ''"Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao, a veteran of the 1969 Telangana movement, encouraged KCR to join the cause in 2000."''<ref name="kpias"/>

He served as '''General Secretary of TRS from 2002 to 2004'''.<ref name="kpias"/>

[[Telangana]] achieved statehood in June 2014. Raghuveer Rao had frequently expressed his singular aspiration in his later years: "I want to see Telangana become a separate state before dying."<ref name="sakshi"/> He lived to see it fulfilled.

==Literary works==

Raghuveer Rao wrote under the literary pen name '''''Anveshanam''''' (అన్వేషణం, meaning "inquiry" or "search"). His published works include:

* '''''Swatantrodyamam lo Socialistula Patra''''' (స్వాతంత్ర్యోద్యమంలో సోషలిస్టుల పాత్ర) — a scholarly work on the role of socialist thought in the Indian independence movement
* '''''Socialismaa Stalinismaa''''' (సోషలిజమా స్టాలినిజమా) — a translated work examining the distinction between socialism and Stalinism<ref name="book_author">{{cite book|title=స్వాతంత్ర్యోద్యమంలో సోషలిస్టుల పాత్ర|last=Raghuveer Rao|first=Santhapuri|publisher=Author's bio page (back matter)|id=Author's bio page in family archive}}</ref>
* '''''Sarvodaya Samaloochana''''' (సర్వోదయ సమాలోచన) — a work on the Sarvodaya movement<ref name="book_author"/>
* '''''Pavitra Sanniveshalu''''' (పవిత్ర సన్నివేశాలు) — published writings<ref name="book_author"/>
* '''''Anveshana''''' — a collection of poetry
* '''''Payame Nou''''' — a handwritten Urdu magazine edited during his imprisonment in Chanchalguda Central Jail in 1948

His poetry was published posthumously on his dedicated blog.<ref name="blog">{{cite web|url=https://raghuveerraosanthapuri.blogspot.com|title=Raghuveer Rao — Poetry and writings|publisher=raghuveerraosanthapuri.blogspot.com|access-date=27 April 2026}}</ref> He also served as editor of ''[[Sanathana Sarathi]]'', ''Vedamatha'', and '''''Naa Telangana''''' (2002–2006), a Telangana movement periodical printed and published by Late Sri Kachiraju Madhusudhan Rao — concurrent with his tenure as TRS General Secretary. His journalism contributions ran through ''Janashakti'', ''Prajavani'', ''[[Andhra Bhoomi]]'', ''[[Eenadu]]'', ''Andhra Prabha'', ''Navashakti'', and ''Naa Telangana''.

==Personal life==

Raghuveer Rao was a lifelong devotee of [[Sri Sathya Sai Baba]] from 1953. He was active in community service and established the Saidabad Ramalayam temple in Hyderabad. He donated his own land to the [[Bhoodan movement|Bhoodan Movement]].

His first wife suffered from severe illness; the couple lost several children. He financed the education of numerous extended family members and adopted a younger relative. In 1986 he married '''Ramadevi''' and had a son, '''S. Vamshi Krishna'''. The family residence was at 232/2RT, Saidabad Colony, Hyderabad.<ref name="biodata"/>

==Death==

Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao died on '''5 February 2015''' at DRDO Apollo Hospital, Kanchanbagh, [[Hyderabad]], at the age of 82.<ref name="hindu">{{cite news|title=Raghuveer Rao, veteran Telangana activist, dead|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/raghuveer-rao-veteran-telangana-activist-dead/article6863421.ece|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|date=6 February 2015}}</ref><ref name="oneindia">{{cite news|title=1969 Telangana fighter Raghuveer Rao passes away|url=http://telugu.oneindia.com/news/telangana/telangana-fighter-raghuveer-rao-passes-away-150704.html|publisher=OneIndia Telugu|date=6 February 2015}}</ref> He died less than a year after [[Telangana]] achieved statehood in June 2014.

A condolence meeting was held on '''8 February 2015''' at Amaraveeryla Sthoopam (Martyrs' Memorial), Gun Park, Hyderabad. [[Bandaru Dattatreya]], then serving as Union Minister of Labour and Employment in the Government of India, attended and publicly expressed condolences, acknowledging Raghuveer Rao as a Freedom Fighter.<ref name="dattatreya_fb">{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.861748047199637.1073743336.622181351156309&type=3|title=Expressed condolences to Late Santapuri Raghuveer Rao Freedom Fighter|publisher=[[Bandaru Dattatreya]] — verified official Facebook page|date=8 February 2015|access-date=30 April 2026}}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" heights="220px">
File:08-02-2015_Bandaru_Dattatreya_Paying_condolences_to_Santhapuri_Raghuveer_Rao_at_the_Amaraveerula_Stoopam-8Feb2015-1.jpg|Leaders, activists, and family members gather at the Amaraveerula Stoopam (Martyrs' Memorial), Gun Park, Hyderabad, 8 February 2015. Union Minister [[Bandaru Dattatreya]] was among those present.
File:08-02-2015_Bandaru_Dattatreya_Paying_condolences_to_Santhapuri_Raghuveer_Rao_at_the_Amaraveerula_Stoopam-8Feb2015-2.jpg|Second view of the condolence gathering at the Amaraveerula Stoopam, Gun Park, Hyderabad, 8 February 2015.
</gallery>

==Legacy==

A 2020 Eenadu article documenting the history of the Telangana movement names him alongside [[Kaloji Narayana Rao]] and [[Professor Jayashankar]] among those who "kindled awareness among the people" during the long campaign for statehood.<ref name="eenadu">{{cite news|url=https://www.eenadu.net/telugu-article/education/general/0310/122179986|title=నిలిచి గెలిచిన వాదం|publisher=[[Eenadu]]|language=te}}</ref>

On '''14 February 2015''', nine days after his death, the Telangana Resource Centre (TRC) organised Charcha 161 — a dedicated memorial programme at Chandram Building, Himayatnagar, Hyderabad — in his honour. The event was attended by fellow 1969 Telangana movement veterans including PJ Suri, Chandrashekar, Siddha, Ashok Kumar, Yadagiri, Satya Reddy, Krishna Kumar, and Rakhur Hridayanath Singh, alongside TRC Chairman M. Vedakumar (Manikonda Vedakumar).<ref name="trc_charcha161">{{cite web|url=https://trcjournal.com/charcha-161/|title=Charcha 161 — Late Sri Santapuri Raghuveer Rao, Freedom Fighter & 1969 Telangana Movement Activist|publisher=Telangana Resource Centre|access-date=30 April 2026}}</ref> The memorial was covered by seven major Telugu daily newspapers: ''[[Eenadu]]'',<ref name="eenadu_feb2015">{{cite news|title=రఘువీర్రావు లేని లోటు తీర్చలేం|trans-title=The void left by Raghuveer Rao cannot be filled|publisher=[[Eenadu]]|date=15 February 2015|language=te}}</ref> ''Andhra Jyothi'',<ref name="andhrajyothi_feb2015">{{cite news|title=తెలంగానాకు రఘువీర్రావు జీవితాన్ని అంకితం చేశారు|trans-title=Raghuveer Rao dedicated his life to Telangana|publisher=Andhra Jyothi|date=15 February 2015|language=te}}</ref> ''Andhra Prabha'',<ref name="andhraprabha_feb2015">{{cite news|title=తెలంగాణ కోసం జీవితాన్నే అర్పించిన 'రఘువీర్'|trans-title=Raghuveer who dedicated his life for Telangana|publisher=Andhra Prabha|date=15 February 2015|language=te}}</ref> ''Vartha'',<ref name="vartha_feb2015">{{cite news|title=తెలంగాణ కోసం గళాన్ని, కలాన్ని అర్పించిన వ్యక్తి రఘువీర్రావు|trans-title=A person who dedicated his voice and pen for Telangana — Raghuveer Rao|publisher=Vartha|date=15 February 2015|language=te}}</ref> ''Sakshi'' (Musheerabad Zone), ''Mana Telangana'', and ''Namaste Telangana''.

His son S. Vamshi Krishna maintains his blogspot and Telugu Wikipedia page, and uploaded the 1948 group photograph to Wikimedia Commons in 2022 from the source publication ''In Jail Beyond Police Action''.<ref name="commons">{{cite web|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Freedom_Fighter_Raghuveer_Rao_in_1948_Hyderabad_Liberation.png|title=Freedom Fighter Raghuveer Rao in 1948 Hyderabad Liberation|publisher=Wikimedia Commons|access-date=28 April 2026}}</ref> His documentary materials — diaries, photographs, the signed bio-data form, correspondence, and a video interview — are preserved in the family archive.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite news|title=కల నిజమైంది.. కన్ను మూసుకుంది — Freedom Fighter Santhapuri Raghuveer Rao|url=https://www.sakshi.com/news/opinion/freedom-fighter-santhapuri-raghuveer-rao-210820|publisher=Sakshi|author=Potthuri Venkateswarrao|language=te}}

==External links==
* [https://raghuveerraosanthapuri.blogspot.com Raghuveer Rao — official blogspot (poetry and writings)]
* [https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%98%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81 Telugu Wikipedia page]
* [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Freedom_Fighter_Raghuveer_Rao_in_1948_Hyderabad_Liberation.png 1948 photograph — Wikimedia Commons]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYFHagttqAM Raghuveer Rao passes away — news clip (06-02-2015)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTooF5RzQEM MVR Sastry interview — Bommala Katha testimony (41:29–48:17)]

==See also==
* [[Telangana Praja Samithi]]
* [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]]
* [[Telugu Desam Party]]
* [[Eenadu]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raghuveer Rao, Santhapuri}}
[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:2015 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian journalists]]
[[Category:Indian poets]]
[[Category:Telugu poets]]
[[Category:People from Nalgonda district]]
[[Category:People from Medak district]]
[[Category:People from Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Journalists from Telangana]]

M. Chalapathi Rau

2026-04-30T16:48:47Z

Ieagle: created a stub initial version - done

{{short description|Indian journalist and author}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = M. Chalapathi Rau
| birth_name = Manikonda Chalapathi Rau
| birth_date = 1908 or 1910
| birth_place = Visakhapatnam district, [[Madras Presidency]], [[British India]] (present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]], India)
| death_date = 25 March 1983 (aged 73 or 75)
| death_place = [[Delhi]], India
| other_names = M.C., Magnus
| known_for = [[Nehruvian]] thought
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Journalist]]|[[Editor]]|[[Author]]}}
}}
'''Manikonda Chalapathi Rau''' (1908 or 1910 – 25 March 1983) was an Indian journalist and author who served as the [[Editor-in-chief]] of the [[English language|English]] daily ''[[National Herald]]'' from 1946 to 1978.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=mint>{{Cite web |last=Bansal |first=Shuchi |date=2012-11-14 |title=Tracing the journey of the 'National Herald' |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/VT35XNMTv1luHOdj72kmuO/Tracing-the-journey-of-National-Herald.html |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]] |language=en}}</ref> He is regarded as one of the greatest editors in the history of Indian journalism.{{Refn|<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=S. R. Nath |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Cw-AAAAMAAJ&dq=Chalapathi+Rau&pg=RA10-PA24 |title=A Tribute to India's Greatest Living Editor—M. Chalapathi Rau |date=25 November 1966 |work=Socialist Congressman |publisher= |volume=6 |pages=24, 43, 44 |language=en |issue=121–144}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last=Ståhlberg |first=Per |url=https://www.academia.edu/33054334 |title=Lucknov Daily: How a Hindi Newspaper Constructs Society |publisher=Stockholm Studies in Social Anthropology |year=2002 |isbn=978-91-7265-542-3 |pages=59}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Pillai |first=Ajith |date=2015-05-29 |title=Death of the Indian editor |url=https://www.himalmag.com/vinod-mehta-and-death-of-the-indian-editor/ |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=[[Himal Southasian]] |language=en-GB}}</ref>|name=prominence}} He worked as an assistant editor of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' early in his career and his weekly column under the pseudonym 'Magnus' was one of the most widely read in the country.<ref name="DK" /> During the independence struggle he was a part of the underground press movement.<ref name=":4" /> He was also the author of several books on Indian journalism, politics, and personalities.<ref name=":2" /> He was awarded the [[Padma Bhushan]], India's third-highest civilian award in 1968, but refused to accept it.<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web |date=2015 |title=Padma Awards |url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 October 2015 |access-date=21 July 2015 |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sh6qWN4dcp4C&q=Chalapathi+Rau |title=The Illustrated Weekly of India |date=1972 |publisher=[[The Times Group|Bennett, Coleman & Company, Limited]] |pages=35 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="DK" />

Chalapathi Rau was closely associated with the development of several press institutions in independent India.<ref name=":8" /> He was instrumental in the formation of Indian Federation of Working Journalists (IFWJ) and served as its first president from 1950 to 1955.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EZ0aAQAAIAAJ&dq=Chalapathi+Rau&pg=PA1791 |title=Parliamentary Debates: Official Report |date=1958 |publisher=Council of States Secretariat |pages=1791 |language=en}}</ref> He was a member of the Initiating Committee of the [[International Press Institute]] in 1950.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> He was also a member of the [[Government of India]]'s goodwill mission to [[China]] in 1952.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /> He was a friend and long-time associate of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]<ref name="mint" /> and was the leader of the Indian Press Delegation, which accompanied Nehru on his historic 1955 tour of the [[USSR]], [[Poland]] and [[Yugoslavia]].<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5"/> He was a member of the [[UNESCO]] Press Experts Commission in 1956 and also worked on various UNESCO Commissions.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5"/> He represented India in the [[United Nations General Assembly]] in 1958.<ref name=":4" /> Harinder Srivastava wrote a book on him titled "Magnus and the Muses<nowiki>''</nowiki>.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=17 June 2002 |title=Delhi's own muse and more .... |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/06/17/stories/2002061700660200.htm |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=[[The Hindu]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031002182140/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/06/17/stories/2002061700660200.htm |archive-date=2 October 2003 }}</ref>

== Early life ==
Manikonda Chalapathi Rau was born in a [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-speaking [[Kapu (caste)|Kapu]] family<ref name=":52">M. L. Kantha Rao (July 1999), [https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/25437/ ''A Study of the Socio-Political Mobility of the Kapu Caste in Modern Andhra'']. [[University of Hyderabad]]. Chapter 6. p. 291–300. hdl:10603/25437</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Kumari |first=A. Vijaya |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r-ffeWmj2JUC&q=kapu&pg=PA89 |title=Social Change Among Balijas: Majority Community of Andhra Pradesh |date=1998 |publisher=M.D. Publications |isbn=978-81-7533-072-6 |pages=14 |language=en}}</ref> in Visakhapatnam district of present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Bhavaraju |date=1983 |title=In Memorium: M. Chalapati Rau |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/history/compilation/triveni-journal/d/doc71089.html |access-date=2023-05-14 |website= |language=en |via=Wisdom Library}}</ref> His birth year is variously given as either 1908 or 1910.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=YV Ramakotaiah |date=2015-03-08 |title=The Great Indian Editor |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Hyderabad-Tab/2015-03-08/The-Great-Indian-Editor/136088 |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=[[The Hans India]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6BU6AAAAIAAJ&q=Chalapathi+Rau |title=Triveni: Journal of Indian Renaissance |date=1983 |publisher=Triveni Publishers. |pages=50 |language=en}}</ref> His father was a police officer. Chalapathi Rau had his early education in Visakhapatnam district. He completed his [[Master of Arts|M. A.]] degree in English Language and Literature from [[Presidency College, Chennai|Presidency College]], [[Chennai|Madras]] in 1929. Later, he earned a law degree from [[Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College, Chennai|Madras Law College]].<ref name=":2" />

== Career ==

=== Early career ===
After an apprenticeship under Pappu Somasundaram, a leader of the Madras Bar, Chalapathi Rau enrolled as an advocate in 1932. He shifted to [[Visakhapatnam]] and practised there for a short time. He organised a literary cultural association called Atheneum with [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] as President and himself as Secretary. He soon realised that his real interest was in literature and journalism, rather than in law or government service.<ref name=":2" />

=== Journalistic career ===
in 1936, Chalapathi Rau joined as an Assistant Editor and leader-writer in ''The People’s Voice'' under K. Iswara Dutt in Madras. ''The People’s Voice'' was an organ of the People’s Party founded by the [[Pithapuram Estate|Maharaja of Pithapuram]]. After the paper ceased publication in 1937, he was invited by Dutt to [[Prayagraj]], where he started a journal named ''The Week End''. During this time, Chalapathi Rau also wrote for ''Triveni Quarterly'', contributing reviews, translations and articles of literary and political interest.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5"/>

Chalapathi Rau's political articles brought him to the attention of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]. When Nehru founded ''[[National Herald]]'' in [[Lucknow]] in 1938 with [[K. Rama Rao]] as Editor, Chalapathi Rau joined its staff as an Assistant Editor and leader-writer.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":2" /> ''National Herald'' was considered the voice of India during the country’s fight for independence.<ref name=mint /> As per Dasu Krishnamoorty, Rama Rao and Chalapathi Rau together made a formidable force in unearthing British conspiracies to deny independence to India.<ref name="DK" /> ''National Herald'' heeded to [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s call during the [[Quit India Movement|Quit India movement]] for newspapers to not censor themselves and voluntarily closed in 1942.<ref name=":10">{{Cite book |last=Sethi |first=Devika |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ToOWDwAAQBAJ&dq=Chalapathi+Rau&pg=PA206 |title=War over Words: Censorship in India, 1930-1960 |date=2019-05-23 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-1-108-48424-4 |pages=153, 154 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=Print>{{Cite web |last=Rohmetra |first=Amogh |date=2022-08-04 |title=National Herald — 80-yr journey of paper at centre of ED-Congress row started with freedom battle |url=https://theprint.in/india/national-herald-80-yr-journey-of-paper-at-centre-of-ed-congress-row-started-with-freedom-battle/1067892/ |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=[[The Print]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Varun HK |date=2018-09-11 |title=National Herald: History of the paper and the case |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/national-herald-history-paper-692206.html |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |language=en}}</ref>

{{Quote box
| quote = People think it is my paper. It really is Chalapathi Rau’s paper; he has made it what it is. He is the ablest journalist in India today.
| author = — [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] at the [[Silver Jubilee]] function of ''National Herald''.<ref name=Print/><ref name=":5"/>
| width = 25%
| bgcolor = #F5F6CE
}}

Chalapathi Rau then moved to [[Delhi]] as one of the Assistant Editors of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' under the editorship of [[Devdas Gandhi]].<ref name=":4" /> Along with editorials, he wrote a weekly column titled 'Off the Record' under the [[pseudonym]] Magnus.<ref name=":2" /> [[Avadhanam Sita Raman]], former editor of ''[[The Illustrated Weekly of India]]'' noted, "His column in ''Hindustan Times'' which he wrote every week under the pseudonym "Magnus" was the most widely read column in the country".<ref name="DK" /> While working for ''Hindustan Times'', Devdas Gandhi once offered him a large salary hike. Chalapathi Rau was said to have declined the offer saying, "Devadasji, no, thanks. Don't spoil me".<ref name="DK">{{Cite web |last=Dasu Krishnamoorty |date=2013-07-26 |title=Ring side view: Marking of a significant era |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Sunday-Hans/2013-07-26/Ring-side-view-Marking-of-a-significant-era/10753 |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=[[The Hans India]] |language=en}}</ref>

After the revival of ''National Herald'' in November 1945,<ref name=":10" /> Chalapathi Rau returned to Lucknow as a Joint Editor, taking over as Editor on 1 July 1946.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Biswas |first=Rathin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ftDpDwAAQBAJ&dq=Chalapathi+Rau&pg=PT110 |title=Rafi Ahmed Kidwai: BRIDGING REGION and nation: a political biography |date=2020-06-04 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=978-1-64892-991-5 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=M Chalapathi Rau |date=July 1964 |title=The Press after Nehru |url=https://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/1964_16/29-30-31/the_press_after_nehru.pdf |journal=[[Economic and Political Weekly]] |pages=1247}}</ref> He continued as an editor at ''National Herald'' for 32 years from 1946 till 1978. From 1968 onwards, he worked from Delhi, where the paper had started its new edition.<ref name=":2" /> Despite being close to Nehru, he would criticise Nehru's policies in his editorials.<ref name="mint" /> He eschewed sensationalism relating to sex, crime, and scandal and emphasised integrity and social vision as journalistic values.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6BU6AAAAIAAJ&q=Chalapathi+Rau+greatest+editors |title=Triveni: Journal of Indian Renaissance |date=1983 |publisher=Triveni Publishers. |pages=40 |language=en}}</ref> He left the newspaper in 1978.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sethi |first=Sunil |date=31 January 1978 |title=National Herald revived on Indira Gandhi's request |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19780131-national-herald-revived-on-indira-gandhis-request-822785-2014-10-29 |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> After retiring from ''National Herald,'' he authored many books.<ref name=":2" />

=== Other work ===
Chalapathi Rau organised the journalistic fraternity on [[trade union]] lines for the improvement of its working conditions. He served as the first president of the Indian Federation of Working Journalists (IFWJ) from 1950 to 1955.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Doyen of Indian journalism M. Chalapathi Rau passes away |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/signposts/story/19830415-doyen-of-indian-journalism-m-chalapathi-rau-passes-away-770613-2013-07-22 |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> He also fought for the setting up of the first Press Commission on whose report the Wage Board was appointed which fixed the salaries and service conditions of journalists of all categories.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":2" />

He was a friend of Nehru and was closely associated with the [[Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] and the Nehru Foundation for the International Awards for Peace and Friendship.''<ref name=":2" />'' He was also associated with other publications as an Editor including ''The Gandhi Commemoration Volume'' (Gandhi Abhinandan Granth) and the ''Volume on Gurazada.'' A few weeks prior to his death, he joined as the Chief Editor of ''Meredian International,'' a non-political monthly in Delhi.''<ref name=":2" />''

== Personal life ==
Chalapathi Rau was a bachelor.<ref name=DK /><ref name=":5"/> He had a simple lifestyle. He was known for his love for the [[English language|English]] language and literature, [[Carnatic music]], and Andhra pickles.<ref name=DK /> He died of a heart attack in Delhi on 25 March 1983.<ref name=":1">''Luminaries of 20th Century, Part 1'', [[Potti Sreeramulu Telugu University]]. 2005. pp. 178, 179.</ref>

== Legacy ==
{{Quote box
| quote = Rau was close to the prime minister and accompanied him on most important foreign visits as a representative of the newspaper, but he didn't crave a government position or sinecure. He held no post in the party, nor did he push for a nomination to the Upper House like many editors today.
| author = — Shubhabrata Bhattacharya, former editor of ''National Herald'' on Chalapathi Rau in 2012.<ref name=mint/><ref name=DK />
| width = 31%
| bgcolor = #F5F6CE
}}

Chalapathi Rau is regarded as one of the greatest editors in the history of Indian journalism.{{refn|name=prominence}}

Dasu Krishnamoorty wrote of him, "His reclusion, his integrity and learning and contempt for revenue-centred journalism explained why editors of his time had high regard for him."<ref name="DK" /> YV Ramakotaiah noted about him, "Manikonda Chalapathi Rau known for his fearless, unbiased and forceful writing remains the greatest Editor that English journalism in India has seen".<ref name=":4" />

S. R. Nath called him 'India's greatest living editor' in 1966 and remarked as follows, "His articles on the Second World War created a sensation in those days; even to-day they serve as a textbook to aspirants in journalism. Being steeped in classics, Rau manifests a literary style which is individualistic; he converts journalism into literature."<ref name=":5" />

==Bibliography==

*Chalapathi Rau, M. ''Fragments of a revolution; essays on Indian problems.'' Oxford, New York, Pergamon Press [1965] [1st ed.]
*Chalapathi Rau, M. ''Gandhi and Nehru.'' Bombay, New York, Allied Publishers [1967]
*''Govind Ballabh Pant, his life and times / M. Chalapathi Rau.'' New Delhi : Allied, 1981.
*''India : portrait of a people / produced by India Tourism Development Corporation''; commentary by M. Chalapathi Rau; design and picture editing by Zehra Tyabji and T. S. Nagarajan. New Delhi : Ministry of External Affairs, Govt. of India, c1976.
*''Jawaharlal Nehru [by] M. Chalapathi Rau''. [New Delhi] Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India [1973]
*''Journalism and politics / M. Chalapathi Rau''. New Delhi : Vikas, c1984.
*''Magnus & muses : "off the record" musings of 'MC' (M. Chalapathi Rau) / compiled and edited by Harindra Srivastava''. Gurgaon : Academic Press, 1980.
*''The press / M. Chalapathi Rau.'' New Delhi : National Book Trust, India, 1974.
*''The press in India [by] M. Chalapathi Rau.'' Bombay, New York, Allied Publishers [1968]
*''Selected works of Jawaharlal Nehru.'' [Advisory board: M. Chalapathi N. Y. Sharada Prasad, and B. R. Nanda;general editor: S. Gopal. New Delhi, Orient Longman [1972-
*''Twenty-five years of Indian independence.'' Edited by Jag Mohan. Contributors: M. Chalapathi Rau [and others], Delhi, Vikas Pub. House [1973]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.msu.edu/~manikond/Rau/nehru_message.htm Signed message by Nehru about the National Herald and Chalapathi Rau]
*[http://www.msu.edu/~manikond/Rau/About_MC.htm About MC by Indian National Leaders ]
*[https://www.dawn.com/news/1063496/dawn-features-august-20-2002 Chalapati Rau among top Indian editors]
*[https://www.dawn.com/news/1068718/dawn-features-february-6-2006 Chalapati Rau as unofficial media advisor of Nehru]
*[http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/(2hsn0tvccbm0n0m0xnfg1035)/app/home/contribution.asp?referrer=parent&backto=issue,7,14;journal,36,36;linkingpublicationresults,1:102235,1 An article] by [[Derek Ingram (journalist)|Derek Ingram]] titled "The Commonwealth and the media" in [[The Round Table Journal]] Volume 93, Number 376 / September, 2004, pp. 561–569, mentions Chalapati Rau as one of the top journalists in Pre-Independent India.

{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 1960–69}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rau, Manikonda Chalapathi}}
[[Category:1910 births]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian journalists]]
[[Category:Indian newspaper editors]]
[[Category:Writers from Lucknow]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature & education]]
[[Category:Journalists from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Telugu people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male journalists]]

Purasawalkam Assembly constituency

2026-04-29T19:42:52Z

Ieagle: Put up new article - done

{{Short description|Constituency in Tamil Nadu, India, 1962–2008}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Purasuwalkam
| state = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| type = SLA
| map_image =
| established = 1962
| abolished = 2008
| district = [[Chennai district|Chennai]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Chennai Central Lok Sabha constituency|Chennai Central]]
| electors = 167,730 (2006)
| reservation = None
}}
'''Purusawalkam''' is a defunct legislative assembly constituency, that includes the locality, [[Purasawalkam]] of Chennai City and its surroundings. Purasawalkam Assembly constituency was part of [[Chennai Central Lok Sabha constituency]].It was later divided between [[Egmore Assembly constituency|Egmore]] and newly created [[Thiru. Vi. Ka. Nagar (State Assembly Constituency)|Thiru-Vi-Ka Nagar]] assembly constituencies.

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
=== Madras State ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Winner
! colspan="2" | Party
|-
| [[1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| Bashyam Reddy
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| V. S. Govindarajan
| {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|-
|}

=== Tamil Nadu ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Duration
! Winner
! colspan="2" | Party
|-
| [[1971 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1971]]
| 1971–77
| rowspan=3|[[K. Anbazhagan]]
| {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|rowspan=5}}
|-
| [[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
| 1977–80
|-
| [[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
| 1980–84
|-
| [[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1984]]
| 1984–89
| [[K. Nanjil Manoharan]]
|-
| [[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1989]]
| 1989–91
| [[Arcot N. Veeraswami]]
|-
| [[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1991]]
| 1991–96
|rowspan=3| [[B. Ranganathan]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
| 1996–01
| {{Full party name with color|Tamil Maanila Congress}}
|-
| [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
| 2001–06
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
| 2006–2011
| [[V. S. Babu|V.S. Babu]]
| {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|}

== Election results ==
===2006===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Purasawalkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Purasawalkam]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|party= Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate = [[V. S. Babu]] |votes=90,140 |percentage=53.74% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate = [[T. G. Venkatesh Babu]] |votes=82,777 |percentage=49.35% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |candidate = Jacquelene Gomez |votes=12,690 |percentage=7.57% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Bharatiya Janata Party |candidate = Elumalai. V. |votes=2,019 |percentage=1.20% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Swatantra Party |candidate = Kamalaakannan. J. |votes=769 |percentage=0.46% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Raja. K. |votes=603 |percentage=0.36% |change=}}

{{Election box margin of victory|votes=7,363 |percentage=4.39% |change=1.74%}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=167,730 |percentage=87.51% |change=-45.83%}}

{{Election box hold with party link
|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser =
|swing= 5.21%
}} {{Election box end}}

===2001===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Purasawalkam<ref name=election2001>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3338-tamil-nadu-2001/ |title=Tamil Nadu General Legislative Election 2001 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in|access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate =[[B. Ranganathan]] |votes=69,681 |percentage=48.53% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Tamil Maanila Congress |candidate = Vetriivel P |votes=65,879 |percentage=45.89% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate = Gurunathan S |votes=4,902 |percentage=3.41% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Janata Dal (Secular) |candidate = Antony Xavier R |votes=1,033 |percentage=0.72% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Venkataramani J |votes=598 |percentage=0.42% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Peter Solomon |votes=389 |percentage=0.27% |change=}}

{{Election box margin of victory|votes=3,802 |percentage=2.65% |change=-49.58%}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=143,574 |percentage=46.71% |change=-11.55%}}

{{Election box gain with party link
|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser = Tamil Maanila Congress
|swing= -22.07%
}} {{Election box end}}

===1996===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Purasawalkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Purasawalkam]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Tamil Maanila Congress |candidate =[[B. Ranganathan]] |votes=98,157 |percentage=70.61% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Indian National Congress |candidate = Gnanam. J. Kathipara |votes=25,543 |percentage=18.37% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Bharatiya Janata Party |candidate = Ethirajan. G. |votes=9,128 |percentage=6.57% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate = Dhakshina Murthy. K. |votes=2,623 |percentage=1.89% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Pattali Makkal Katchi |candidate = Nadesan. M. |votes=1,604 |percentage=1.15% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Gnana Sekar. A. |votes=657 |percentage=0.47% |change=}}

{{Election box margin of victory|votes=72,614 |percentage=52.23% |change=34.39%}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=139,022 |percentage=58.26% |change=2.18%}}

{{Election box gain with party link
|winner=Tamil Maanila Congress
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing= 14.83%
}} {{Election box end}}

===1991===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Purasawalkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Purasawalkam]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Indian National Congress |candidate =[[B. Ranganathan]] |votes=71,391 |percentage=39.68% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate =[[Arcot N. Veeraswami]] |votes=48,559 |percentage=26.99% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Pattali Makkal Katchi |candidate = Manivannan R. |votes=3,656 |percentage=20.32% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Bharatiya Janata Party |candidate = Selvaraj B. |votes=3,120 |percentage=17.34% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Janata Party |candidate = Sagunthala B. |votes=243 |percentage=1.35% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Elango S. |votes=206 |percentage=1.14% |change=}}

{{Election box margin of victory|votes=22,832 |percentage=17.84% |change=-9.97%}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=127,992 |percentage=56.08% |change=-12.16%}}

{{Election box gain with party link
|winner=Indian National Congress
|loser = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|swing= 5.90%
}} {{Election box end}}

===1989===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Purasawalkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Purasawalkam]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate =[[Arcot N. Veeraswami]] |votes=68,640 |percentage=49.88% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|AIADMK(J) |candidate = [[B. Ranganathan]] |votes=30,376 |percentage=22.07% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Anbarasu. C. |votes=29,962 |percentage=21.77% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Bharatiya Janata Party |candidate = Purasai Kumaran |votes=5,169 |percentage=3.76% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Meiyappan. R. |votes=1,130 |percentage=0.82% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Mahendran. K. |votes=319 |percentage=0.23% |change=}}

{{Election box margin of victory|votes=38,264 |percentage=27.81% |change=24.04%}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=137,613 |percentage=68.24% |change=1.73%}}

{{Election box hold with party link
|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser =
|swing= -1.26%
}} {{Election box end}}

===1984===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Purasawalkam<ref name=election1984>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3331-tamil-nadu-1984/ |title=Tamil Nadu General Legislative Election 1984 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in|access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate =[[Nanjil K. Manoharan]] |votes=61,246 |percentage=51.14% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate = Suppu. K. |votes=56,736 |percentage=47.37% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Dhanapal R. H. |votes=482 |percentage=0.40% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Manivannan. D. |votes=206 |percentage=0.17% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Selyamary. S. |votes=200 |percentage=0.17% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Munirathinam. E. |votes=196 |percentage=0.16% |change=}}

{{Election box margin of victory|votes=4,510 |percentage=3.77% |change=-1.90%}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=119,763 |percentage=66.51% |change=6.74%}}

{{Election box hold with party link
|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser =
|swing= -1.21%
}} {{Election box end}}

===1980===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Purasawalkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Purasawalkam]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate =[[K. Anbazhagan]] |votes=52,729 |percentage=52.35% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate = Valampuri John |votes=47,021 |percentage=46.68% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Janata Party |candidate = Manivannan.D |votes=535 |percentage=0.53% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Mani.D |votes=439 |percentage=0.44% |change=}}

{{Election box margin of victory|votes=5,708 |percentage=5.67% |change=-15.27%}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=100,724 |percentage=59.77% |change=14.50%}}

{{Election box hold with party link
|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser =
|swing= 7.26%
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1977===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Purasawalkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Purasawalkam]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate =[[K. Anbazhagan]] |votes=41,073 |percentage=45.09% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Janata Party |candidate = T. S. Govindaswamy |votes=22,004 |percentage=24.16% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate|party= ADK |candidate = P.A. Venkateshwaralu |votes=19,745 |percentage=21.68% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Communist Party of India |candidate = R. Dakshinamoorthy |votes=7,206 |percentage=7.91% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = H. Stanley |votes=265 |percentage=0.29% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = Rajesekharan |votes=248 |percentage=0.27% |change=}}

{{Election box margin of victory|votes=19,069 |percentage=20.94% |change=6.46%}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=91,085 |percentage=45.27% |change=-18.47%}}

{{Election box hold with party link
|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser =
|swing= -11.03%
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1971===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1971 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Purasawalkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Purasawalkam]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate =[[K. Anbazhagan]] |votes=47,182 |percentage=56.13% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Indian National Congress |candidate = Bashyam Reddy |votes=35,016 |percentage=41.65% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Independent (politician) |candidate = M Deenan |votes=1,865 |percentage=2.22% |change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory|votes=12,166 |percentage=14.47% |change=7.18%}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=84,063 |percentage=63.74% |change=-10.63%}}

{{Election box hold with party link
|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser =
|swing= -1.91%
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1967===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Purasawalkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Purasawalkam]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |candidate = V. S. Govindarajan |votes=41,272 |percentage=58.04% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Indian National Congress |candidate = Damodaran |votes=29,046 |percentage=40.85% |change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party= Bharatiya Jana Sangh |candidate = Krishniah |votes=792 |percentage=1.11% |change=}}

{{Election box margin of victory|votes=12,226 |percentage=7.29% |change=}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=71,110 |percentage=74.37% |change=}}

{{Election box gain with party link
|winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser =
|swing=
}}
{{Election box end}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite web|url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp|title= Statistical reports of assembly elections|accessdate= 8 July 2010|publisher= Election Commission of India|url-status= dead|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20101005110118/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp|archivedate= 5 October 2010}}

{{Defunct assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu}}

{{coord|13.08593|N|80.25047|E|display=title}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Chennai district]]
[[Category:Politics of Chennai]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in Madras State]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2008]]
[[Category:2008 disestablishments in India]]

Angul steel plant

2026-04-27T22:42:43Z

Ieagle: added new article.

{{short description|Steel Plant in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Angul steel plant
| logo =
| logo_size =
| caption =
| type = [[Private limited company]]
| traded_as =
| industry = [[Steel industry|Steel]] [[Iron industry|Iron]]
| fate =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| foundation = Early 2000s
| founder =
| defunct =
| location =
| location_city = [[Angul]]
| locations =
| area_served =
| key_people =
| products = [[Steel]] and [[Iron]]
| services =
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| assets =
| equity =
| owner = [[Jindal Steel and Power|Jindal Steel and Power Limited]]
| num_employees =
| parent =
| divisions =
| subsid =
| footnotes =
| intl =
| location_country = [[India]]
| homepage = {{URL|www.jsplgroup.com/angul.php}}
}}

The '''Angul Steel Plant''', operated by [[Jindal Steel Limited]], is a steel production facility in [[Angul]], [[Odisha]], India. It is one of the nation's largest steel plants with a production capacity of 12 million tonnes per annum (MTPA). It was established as a greenfield project to make use of Odisha's abundant mineral resources to produce steel for infrastructure, construction, and automotive industries. The plant was commissioned in phases, feature advanced technologies, including India's largest [[blast furnace]] and the world's first [[coal gasification]] plant designed for [[steelmaking]]. It employs thousands of locals and is a key driver of economic growth in [[Angul district]]. In 2012, violent protests took place at the plant over land acquisition for expansion, in which more than 200 individuals were injured. Jindal Steel has unveiled plans to expand the facility to 25.2 MTPA by 2030, which will create the world's largest steel plant.

== History ==
[[Jindal Steel Limited]] established the Angul Steel Plant to expand its steel production capacity, capitalizing on Odisha's rich iron ore and coal reserves. Construction commenced in the early 2000s on a 3,500-acre site in [[Angul district]]. The facility was commissioned in stages, achieving full operation of its 6 MTPA integrated steel plant by 2021, a milestone in Jindal Steel Limited's contribution to India's industrial growth.<ref name="Jindal">{{Cite web |title=Jindal Steel Plant in Angul, Odisha |url=https://www.jindalsteel.in/odisha#angul |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Jindal Steel}}</ref> In May 2021, Union Steel Minister [[Ramchandra Prasad Singh|Ram Chandra Prasad Singh]] inaugurated a 1.4 MTPA TMT rebar mill, enhancing the plant's ability to produce high-strength steel for construction projects.<ref name="PIB">{{Cite news |date=28 April 2022 |title=Union Steel Minister dedicates Jindal Steel's 14 lakh tons per annum TMT Rebar Mill at Angul to Nation |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1821160#:~:text=Union%20Steel%20Minister%20Shri%20Ram,JSP's%20Chairman%20Mr. |access-date=19 June 2025 |work=Press Information Bureau, India}}</ref> Odisha's industrial policies facilitated development by providing access to local resources.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Karim|first=Mohammed Imteshal |title=JSW Steel's Rs 40,000 crore steel plant in Odisha's Keonjhar: Know job opportunities, key details |url=https://odishatv.in/news/odisha/jsw-steel-40000-crore-steel-plant-in-odisha-keonjhar-job-opportunity-detail-259231 |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=JSW Steel's Rs 40,000 crore steel plant in Odisha's Keonjhar: Know job opportunities, key details |language=en}}</ref> Early phases encountered land acquisition disputes, which escalated into a significant protest in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |last=superadmin |date=2021-05-13 |title=Non Profit Organizations In Delhi, Registered NGOs In Delhi – SRUTI |url=https://www.sruti.org.in/news/164-injured-in-violence-at-jindal-steel-and-power-limited-in-angul-odisha/ |access-date=2025-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> By 2024, the plant has become a cornerstone of Jindal Steel's operations, aligning with the "[[Make in India]]" initiative.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-02-21 |title=JSPL to triple Angul steel plant capacity by end of 2016 |url=https://www.firstpost.com/business/jspl-triple-angul-steel-plant-capacity-end-2016-2113395.html |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=Firstpost |language=en-us}}</ref>

== Operations ==
The Angul Steel Plant currently produce 6 MTPA, manufacturing TMT rebars, plates, and coils for infrastructure, construction, and automotive sectors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jindal Steel |url=https://www.jindalsteel.com/odisha.html |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=www.jindalsteel.com}}</ref> It utilizes advanced technologies, including a 4,554 cubic meter blast furnace, the largest in India, a 3 MTPA [[Basic oxygen steelmaking|basic oxygen furnace]] (BOF), and a 2 MTPA [[direct reduced iron]] (DRI) plant, the world's largest [[Syngas]] based facility, powered by a [[coal gasification]] plant tailored for [[steelmaking]].<ref name="Jindal"/> [[Electric arc furnace]] (EAF) technology enables processing of scrap and DRI, reducing dependence on imported coking coal.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Press Trust of India |title=JSPL commissions India's 'biggest' steel melting shop |url=http://www.business-standard.com:80/article/companies/jspl-commissions-india-s-biggest-steel-melting-shop-113080800518_1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605181316/http://www.business-standard.com:80/article/companies/jspl-commissions-india-s-biggest-steel-melting-shop-113080800518_1.html |archive-date=2014-06-05 |access-date=2025-06-18}}</ref> The plant sources iron ore and coal from nearby Odisha mines, optimizing costs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India's JSPL to commence production from newly acquired Kasia iron ore mine within one month |url=https://www.steelorbis.com/steel-news/latest-news/indias-jspl-to-commence-production-from-newly-acquired-kasia-iron-ore-mine-within-one-month-1216599.htm |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=www.steelorbis.com |language=en}}</ref> It employs approximately 5,000 workers and supports thousands more through its supply chain, including mining and logistics operations.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pioneer |first=The |title=Angul plant will help JSPl make a debt-free co: Naveen Jindal |url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2017/business/angul-plant-will-help-jspl-make-a-debt-free-co-naveen-jindal.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=The Pioneer |language=en}}</ref> A 810 MW captive power plant owned by JSPL in Derang, [[Chhendipada Assembly constituency|Chhendipada]] ensures energy supply.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carmen |date=2021-12-20 |title=JSPL Angul Captive Power Plant, India |url=https://www.power-technology.com/marketdata/jspl-angul-captive-power-plant-india/ |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=Power Technology |language=en-US}}</ref>

== 2012 Protest ==
On January 6, 2012, a violent protest erupted at the Angul Steel Plant over land acquisition issues, resulting in over 200 injuries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Orissa – Statements against brutal attack on protesters at Jindal Steel's Angul steel plant |url=https://sanhati.com/articles/4563/ |access-date=2025-06-18}}</ref> Local residents and activists, opposing the plant's expansion onto agricultural land, clashed with JSPL's security personnel.<ref>{{Cite web |last=archive |first=From our online |date=2012-05-16 |title=Avoid acquiring agricultural land for industries |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2011/May/25/avoid-acquiring-agricultural-land-for-industries-256323.html |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> The protesters demanded fair compensation and rehabilitation for displaced families, citing inadequate resettlement measures. Reports indicate security guards used excessive force, escalating the conflict, which drew criticism from human rights organizations.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-02-04 |title=The national human rights commission has asked Odisha chief secretary and director general of police to submit reports within four weeks on the January 25 incident in Angul district where security guards of JSPL factory allegedly attacked hundreds of villagers holding protests demanding higher compensation for their lands acquired for the project and jobs. The commission's order was in response to a complaint lodged in this regard by Manoj Jena, convener of Human Rights Front organization. |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/the-national-human-rights-commission-has-asked-odisha-chief-secretary-and-director-general-of-police-to-submit-reports-within-four-weeks-on-the-january-25-incident-in-angul-district-where-security-guards-of-jspl-factory-allegedly-attacked-hundreds-of-villagers-holding-protests-demanding-higher-compensation-for-their-lands-acquired-for-the-project-and-jobs-the-commissions-order-was-in-response-to-a-complaint-lodged-in-this-regard-by-manoj-jena-convener-of-human-rights-front-organization-/articleshow/11757201.cms |access-date=2025-06-18 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Local authorities investigated, but no significant legal outcomes was reported.<ref>{{Cite news |last=ROUT |first=B.K. |date=24 July 2012 |title=Jindal villagers stage blockade |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/odisha/jindal-villagers-stage-blockade/cid/403971 |work=The Telegraph Online}}</ref> In response, JSPL implemented community programs, including education and healthcare initiatives, to address local grievances.<ref>{{Cite web |title=JSPL: Driving Socio-Economic Development at Angul {{!}} OdishaChannel.com |url=https://odishachannel.com/index.php/1279/jspl-driving-socio-economic-development-at-angul/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250423221141/https://odishachannel.com/index.php/1279/jspl-driving-socio-economic-development-at-angul/ |archive-date=2025-04-23 |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=odishachannel.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Future Developments ==
Jindal Steel Limited plans to expand the Angul Steel Plant to 25.2 MTPA by 2030, aiming to establish it as the world's largest steel plant.<ref>{{Cite news| issn = 0971-751X| title = Odisha's biggest integrated steel plant commissioned| work = The Hindu| location = Angul| access-date = 2022-03-03| date = 2017-05-27| url = https://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/odishas-biggest-integrated-steel-plant-commissioned/article18590142.ece}}</ref> Chairman [[Naveen Jindal]] announced these goals in July 2024, emphasizing substantial investments in infrastructure and sustainable technologies.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-10 |title=JSP to establish world's largest steel plant in Angul by 2030: Naveen Jindal |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2024/Jul/10/jsp-to-establish-worlds-largest-steel-plant-in-angul-by-2030-naveen-jindal |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> The expansion includes upgrades to the coal gasification plant, which reduce reliance on imported coal, and enhancements to the blast furnace and DRI facilities.<ref name="Jindal"/> Sustainability initiatives, such as waste recycling and energy conservation, are central to the plan, aligning with global trends in eco-friendly steel production.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jindal to develop Green Hydrogen Facility for use in its Steelworks |url=https://isa-ghic.org/jindal-to-develop-green-hydrogen-facility-for-use-in-its-steelworks-1 |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=Green Hydrogen Innovation Centre {{!}} International Solar Alliance |language=en}}</ref> The project is expected to create thousands of additional jobs and stimulate [[Economy of Odisha|Odisha's economy]]. JSPL collaborates with the [[Government of Odisha|Odisha government]] to secure resources and approvals, with funding sourced from internal revenues and loans.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Satapathy |first=Dillip |date=26 October 2018 |title=Eyeing turnaround, JSPL to expand Odisha steel plant capacity to 20 mtpa |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/eyeing-turnaround-jspl-to-expand-odisha-steel-plant-capacity-to-20-mtpa-118102600674_1.html |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> This expansion aim to strengthen India's position in the global steel market.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jindal Steel to Build World's Largest Plant in Odisha by 2030 |url=https://www.constructionworld.in/steel-news/jindal-steel-to-build-worlds-largest-plant-in-odisha-by-2030/58895 |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=www.constructionworld.in |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Steel plants of India]]
[[Category:Jindal Steel]]

Shakil Aamir Mohammed

2026-04-21T11:50:02Z

Ieagle: Creating A Stub V1

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{BLP one source|date=October 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name =
| photo =
| caption =
| office = Member of the Telangana Legislative Assembly
| term_start = 2 June 2014
| term_end = 3 December 2024
| predecessor = [[P. Sudarshan Reddy]]
| successor = [[P. Sudarshan Reddy]]
| office2 =
| district2 =
| term_start2 =
| term_end2 =
| preceded2 =
| succeeded2 =
| office3 =
| district3 =
| term_start3 =
| term_end3 =
| preceded3 =
| succeeded3 =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1976|03|07|df=y}}<ref>https://legislature.telangana.gov.in/getmemberdetailsnew?q=bWVtaWQ9MzA2MSZjb25zdGlkPTEyJnRlcm1pZD0xNCZvcmRlcmJ5PTE=</ref>
| birth_place = [[Bodhan]], Andhra Pradesh (present{{endash}}day Telangana), India<ref>https://legislature.telangana.gov.in/getmemberdetailsnew?q=bWVtaWQ9MzA2MSZjb25zdGlkPTEyJnRlcm1pZD0xNCZvcmRlcmJ5PTE=</ref>
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse =
| children =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Politician
| party = [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi|Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]
| website =
| vpapid =
| vpap =
| vpap_donations =
}}

'''Shakil Aamir Mohammed''' is a two-time legislator hailing from [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]]. He won twice consequently as a member of [[Telangana Legislative Assembly]] representing [[Bodhan Assembly constituency]] in 2014 and 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |title= Mohammed Shakil Aamir, BRS Candidate from Bodhan Assembly Election 2024 Seat: Electoral History & Political Journey, Winning or Losing – News18 Assembly Election 2024 Result News|url=https://www.news18.com/elections/telangana/mohammed-shakil-aamir-assembly-candidate-s29aed2008a012e2023c002/#goog_rewarded}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Bharat Rashtra Samithi politicians]]
[[Category:Telangana MLAs 2018–2023]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1976 births]]

{{Telangana-politician-stub}}

Tirukozhambiam Kokileswarar Temple

2026-04-19T08:28:57Z

Ieagle: Creating Basic Location Needs Work

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
[[File:Tirukolambiam kokilesvarar temple3.jpg|200x200px|right|Gopura|thumb]]
'''Tirukozhambiam Kokileswarar Temple''' (திருக்கோழம்பியம் கோகிலேஸ்வரர் கோயில்) is a [[Hindu temple]] located at [[Thanjavur district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. The presiding deity is [[Shiva]]. He is called as Kokileswarar. His consort is Soundara Nayaki.

== Significance ==
It is one of the 275 [[Paadal Petra Sthalams]] - [[Shiva Temples of Tamil Nadu#Sthalams|Shiva Sthalams]] glorified in the early medieval ''[[Tevaram]]'' poems by Tamil Saivite [[Nayanars|Nayanar]] saints [[Tirunavukkarasar]] and [[Campantar|Thirugnana Sambandar]].

== Legend ==
According to Hindu legend, a person named Chandan was reborn as a [[nightingale]] (''kokila'') due to the curse of [[Indra]]. He meditated upon Shiva and reassumed his original form here. As per another legend, when a cow passed through the place, its feet trampled on a Sivalinga, which became this place.<ref name=Ka/>

== Features ==
The main idol is a ''[[shivalinga]]''. There are the footprints of a cow upon the ''shivalinga''. The temple is under the administration of the [[Thiruvaduthurai Adheenam]]. The temple is counted as one of the temples built on the banks of [[River Kaveri]].<ref name=Ka>{{cite book|title=River cauvery the most battl(r)ed|last=Ka. Vi.|first=Kannan|page=36|publisher=Notion Press|year=2019|isbn=9781684666041|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CGFDwAAQBAJ&q=thiruvavaduthurai}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web|title= Sri Kokileswarar temple|url= https://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=388|publisher=[[Dinamalar]]}}
* {{cite web|title=Kokileswarar Temple, Tirukozhambam|url= http://www.shivatemples.com/sofc/sc035.php |publisher=Shiva Temples of Tamil Nadu, Paadal Petra Sivasthalangal}}

== Gallery ==
<gallery class="center">
File:Tirukolambiam kokilesvarar temple1.jpg|Main entrance
File:Tirukolambiam kokilesvarar temple2.jpg|Balipeetam, nandi mandapam
File:Tirukolambiam kokilesvarar temple4.jpg|Vimana of presiding deity
File:Tirukolambiam kokilesvarar temple5.jpg|Vimana of goddess
</gallery>

{{coord missing|Tamil Nadu}}

[[Category:Shiva temples in Thanjavur district]]
[[Category:Padal Petra Stalam]]

Ashok Raosaheb Pawar

2026-04-18T22:39:50Z

Ieagle: added new bio.

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ashok Raosaheb Pawar
| image =
| caption =
| office = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2019
| term_end = 2024
| constituency = [[Shirur Assembly constituency|Shirur]]
| predecessor = [[Baburao Pacharne]]
| successor = [[Dnyaneshwar Katke]]
| term_start1 = 2009
| term_end1 = 2014
| constituency1 = [[Shirur Assembly constituency|Shirur]]
| predecessor1 = [[Baburao Pacharne]]
| successor1 = [[Baburao Pacharne]]
| birth_place =
| birth_date =
| spouse =
| party = [[Nationalist Congress Party]]
| alma_mater =
| profession = Politician
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Ashok Pawar''' (born 30 August 1958) is an Indian politician from [[Maharashtra]] who is an MLA from [[Shirur Assembly constituency]] in [[Pune district|Pune District]]. He won the [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] representing the [[Nationalist Congress Party]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Live |first=A. B. P. |title=Shirur Assembly Election Results 2020 Live Updates, Shirur Assembly Election Latest News & Updates |url=https://news.abplive.com/maharashtra-election/shirur-assembly-election-result-2019-198.html |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Pawar is from [[Shirur, Maharashtra|Shirur]], Pune District, Maharashtra. He is the son of Raosaheb Baburao Pawar. He completed his L.L.B. in 1987 at Simboisis Law College, which is affiliated with [[Pune University]]. Earlier, he did B.Sc. in Agricultural Science in 1980, at Agricultural College, Pune, which is affiliated with Mahatma Phule Krishi University, [[Rahuri]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ashok Raosaheb Pawar(Nationalist Congress Party(NCP)):Constituency- SHIRUR(PUNE) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://www.myneta.info/maharashtra2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=7826 |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref>

== Career ==
Pawar won from Shirur Assembly constituency representing Nationalist Congress Party in the 2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shirur lok sabha election results 2024: Shirur Winning Candidates List and Vote Share |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha/maharashtra/shirur-constituency-result-13536 |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> He polled 1,45,131 votes and defeated his nearest rival, [[Baburao Pacharne]] of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], by a margin of 41,504 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shirur (Maharashtra) Assembly Election Results 2022: Candidate List, Winner, Runner-Up, Latest News and Updates, Videos , Photos |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/shirur-election-results-in-maharashtra/ |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> He first became an MLA winning the [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] defeating Baburao Pacharne by a margin of 7,567 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-24 |title=Shirur Election Results 2019 Live Updates (शिरुर) |url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/shirur-election-results-2019-live-updates-winner-loser-leading-trailing-2-2359319.html |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> However, he lost the next election to Pacharne of BJP in the [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]], by a margin of 10,941 votes.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pawar, Ashok Raosaheb}}
[[Category:1958 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Nationalist Congress Party politicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2009–2014]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:People from Pune district]]
[[Category:Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar politicians]]

Hinduri dialect

2026-04-15T17:20:40Z

Ieagle: starting a entry

{{Short description|Dialect of Keonthali sub-group of Lower Mahasu Pahari, India}}

{{Confusion|Hindui language}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Hinduri
| altname = Handuri
| nativename = हिंडूरी, hiṁḍūrī हंडूरी, haṁḍūrī
| states = [[Himachal Pradesh]]
| region = [[Mahasu (region)|Mahasu]]
| ethnicity =
| speakers = 47,800
| date = 2001 census
| ref = e25
| speakers2 = Census results conflate some speakers with Hindi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.aspx|title = Census of India: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues –2001}}</ref>
| familycolor = Indo-European
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]
| fam4 = [[Northern Indo-Aryan languages|Northern]]
| fam5 = [[Western Pahari]]
| script = [[Takri]],<ref>{{cite book |title=LSI 1898}}</ref>
[[Devanagari]]<ref>{{cite book |title=Linguistic Survey Of India (Volume 9, Part 4) |pages=586–592}}</ref>
| iso3 = hii
| glotto = hind1267
| glottorefname = Hinduri
| image = Hinduri language.svg
| imagecaption = The word "Hinduri" written in Devanagari script
}}
{{Contains special characters|Indic}}
'''Hinduri''' (or Handuri) is a [[Western Pahari|Western Pahari language]] of northern [[India]]. It is spoken in southern [[Solan district]] in southern parts of [[Ramshehar]] Tehsil and in eastern [[Nalagarh]]. It was classified as a dialect under the [[Mahasu Pahari|Mahasui]] [[Keonthali dialect|Keonthali]] Group (as per [[George Abraham Grierson|Grierson]]).<ref>{{cite book |title=Linguistic Survey Of India (Volume 9, Part 4) |pages=586–592}}</ref>

== Phonology ==
=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" |
![[Labial consonant|Labial]]
![[Dental consonant|Dental]]/ [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
![[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]
![[Postalveolar consonant|Post-alv.]]/ [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
![[Velar consonant|Velar]]
![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
!{{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|{{IPA link|m}}
|{{IPA link|n}}
|{{IPA link|ɳ}}
|
|{{IPA link|ŋ}}
|
|-
!{{small|[[Breathy voice|breathy]]}}
|{{IPA link|mʱ}}
|{{IPA link|nʱ}}
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |[[Stop consonant|Stop]]/ [[Affricate consonant|Affricate]]
!{{small|[[Voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
|{{IPA link|p}}
|{{IPA link|t}}
|{{IPA link|ʈ}}
|{{IPA link|tɕ}}
|{{IPA link|k}}
|
|-
!{{small|[[Aspirated consonant|aspirated]]}}
|{{IPA link|pʰ}}
|{{IPA link|tʰ}}
|{{IPA link|ʈʰ}}
|{{IPA link|tɕʰ}}
|{{IPA link|kʰ}}
|
|-
!{{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|{{IPA link|b}}
|{{IPA link|d}}
|{{IPA link|ɖ}}
|{{IPA link|dʑ}}
|{{IPA link|ɡ}}
|
|-
!{{small|[[Breathy voice|breathy]]}}
|{{IPA link|bʱ}}
|{{IPA link|dʱ}}
|{{IPA link|ɖʱ}}
|{{IPA link|dʑʱ}}
|{{IPA link|ɡʱ}}
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
|
|{{IPA link|s}}
|
|{{IPA link|ɕ}}
|
|{{IPA link|h}}
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]]
!{{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|
|{{IPA link|r}}
|{{IPA link|ɽ}}
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|[[Breathy voice|breathy]]}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|ɽʱ}}
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Lateral consonant|Lateral]]
!{{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|
|{{IPA link|l}}
|{{IPA link|ɭ}}
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|[[Breathy voice|breathy]]}}
|
|{{IPA link|lʱ}}
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
|{{IPA link|w}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|j}}
|
|
|}

=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!
![[Front vowel|Front]]
![[Central vowel|Central]]
![[Back vowel|Back]]
|- align="center"
! rowspan="2" |[[High vowel|High]]
|{{IPA link|iː}}
|
|{{IPA link|uː}}
|-
|{{IPA link|ɪ}}
|
|{{IPA link|ʊ}}
|- align="center"
! rowspan="2" |[[Mid vowel|Mid]]
|{{IPA link|eː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ə}}
|{{IPA link|oː}}
|-
|{{IPA link|ɛ}}
|{{IPA link|ɔ}}
|- align="center"
![[Low vowel|Low]]
|({{IPA link|æ}})
| colspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɑ}} {{IPA link|ɑː}}
|}

== Script ==
[[File:Handuri Sample.jpg|center|thumb|579x579px|Sample text in '''Handuri''' From Grierson's book (1916)<ref>{{Cite book|title=Linguistic Survey Of India Vol.9 Part.4|year=1916|location=India|pages=588–590}}</ref>]]

== Status ==
The language is commonly called [[Pahari language|Pahari]] or [[Western Pahari|Himachali]]. The language has no official status. According to the [[UNESCO|United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)]], the language is of critically endangered category, i.e. the youngest speakers of Handuri are generally grandparents or older and they too speak it infrequently or partially.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Endangered Language|website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |date=15 April 2011|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/apr/15/language-extinct-endangered}}</ref>

The demand for the inclusion of 'Pahari (Himachali)' under the Eight Schedule of the Constitution, which is supposed to represent multiple Pahari languages of Himachal Pradesh, had been made in the year 2010 by the state's Vidhan Sabha.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=Zee News|url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/himachal-pradesh/hp-for-inclusion-of-pahari-language-in-eighth-schedule_615857.html}}</ref> There has been no positive progress on this matter since then even when small organisations are striving to save the language.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=The Statesman|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/cities/demand-for-pahari-as-language-in-8th-schedule-of-constitution-1479046804.html}}</ref> The language is currently recorded as a dialect of Hindi,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indian Language Census|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Statement-1.pdf}}</ref> even when having a poor mutual intelligibility with it.

== See also ==

*[[Mahasu Pahari]]
*[[Keonthali dialect]]
*[[Baghati dialect]]
*[[Baghliani dialect]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Dogri-Kangri languages}}
[[Category:Languages of India]]
[[Category:Northern Indo-Aryan languages]]
[[Category:Indo-Aryan languages]]
[[Category:Languages of Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]
[[Category:Languages written in Takri]]
[[Category:Languages written in Devanagari]]
[[Category:Languages listed as Hindi dialects in latest census]]

Mughal conquest of Jessore

2026-04-04T12:11:00Z

Ieagle: created new article first draft - done

{{Short description|1611–1612 Mughal military campaign}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Mughal conquest of Jessore
| place = [[Jessore]]
| partof = [[Mughal conquest of Bengal]]
| date = December 1611 – January 1612
| result = Mughal victory
| territory = Jessore annexed to the [[Mughal Empire]].
| combatant1 = {{Tree list}}
*[[File:Flag of the Mughal Empire.png|25px]] [[Mughal Empire]]
**[[File:Flag of Jaipur.svg|24px]] [[Kingdom of Amber]]
{{Tree list/end}}
| combatant2 = Zamindars of [[Pratapaditya|Jessore]]
| commander1 = [[File:Flag of Jaipur.svg|25px]] [[Man Singh I]] [[File:Flag of the Mughal Empire.png|24px]] [[Islam Khan I]]
| commander2 = [[Pratapaditya]]{{surrender}}{{POW}} Udayaditya{{POW}} Khwaja Kamal{{KIA}} Jamal Khan
| image = Greater Jessore locator map.png
| caption = Jessore, partitioned between [[Bangladesh]] and [[West Bengal]]
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Mughal conquest of Bengal}}
}}

The '''Mughal conquest of Jessore''' in 1611–1612 was a military campaign by the [[Mughal Empire]] against the rebellious [[Zamindar]] of [[Jessore]], [[Pratapaditya]]. Jessore was a vassal of the Mughal Empire, and the campaign against Pratapaditya was prompted by his refusal to support the Mughals in suppressing the rebellion of the [[Zamindar|Zamindars]] in [[Bengal]].

The [[Army of the Mughal Empire|Mughal forces]] achieved victory over the Jessore forces in a naval battle at Salka in 1611 and subsequently laid siege to the Jessore fort in 1612. Mughal forces under [[Man Singh I]] and [[Islam Khan I]] captured Pratapaditya and sent him to Delhi.

== Background ==
{{Main|Mughal conquest of Bengal}}
In 1576, the [[Mughal Empire]] emerged victorious in the [[Battle of Rajmahal]], effectively bringing an end to the [[Bengal Sultanate]]. Following this conquest, the Mughals annexed the [[Bengal|Bengal region]] and established the [[Bengal Subah]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Karim |first=Abdul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jzluAAAAMAAJ |title=History of Bengal: From the fall of Daud Karrani, 1576 to the death of Jahangir, 1627 |date=1992 |publisher=Institute of Bangladesh Studies, University of Rajshahi |pages=344–350 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ansari |first=Tahir Hussain |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kUueDwAAQBAJ |title=Mughal Administration and the Zamindars of Bihar |date=2019-06-20 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-65152-2 |language=en}}</ref>

[[Jessore]] was a vassal state of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal empire]]. In 1609, [[Pratapaditya]], the ruler of Jessore submitted to [[Islam Khan I]], the [[Subahdar|Subahdar of Bengal]] by offering acknowledging their vassalage and pledging military support to the Mughal Empire.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Roy |first=Atul Chandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oJUBAAAAMAAJ |title=A History of Mughal Navy and Naval Warfares |date=1972 |publisher=World Press |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

In 1611, a rebellion against the Mughal Empire broke out involving 12 Zamindars in Bengal, with [[Musa Khan of Bengal|Musa Khan]] among them. Pratapaditya, who had previously been an ally of the Mughal Empire, chose not to support the Mughals in quelling this rebellion. As a result, after successfully suppressing the rebellion, Islam Khan led an expedition toward Jessore to subjugate the Kingdom of Pratapaditya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Roy |first=Atul Chandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AacsAAAAMAAJ |title=History of Bengal: Mughal Period, 1526-1765 A.D. |date=1968 |publisher=Nababharat Publishers |pages=77–85 |language=en}}</ref>

== The battle of Salka ==
Around the middle of December 1611, Islam Khan set out on his expedition. The Mughal army was composed of one thousand elite cavalry under the command of Ghiyas Khan and [[Man Singh I|Man Singh]]. Additionally, it included a substantial force of [[Mansabdar|mansabdars]] (Mughal nobility) and other officers, five thousand [[matchlock]]-men, three hundred fully equipped imperial war-boats, and artillery overseen by Ihtimam Khan.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Sensarma |first=P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l8ABAAAAMAAJ |title=The Military History of Bengal |date=1977 |publisher=Darbari Udjog |pages=138 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Army of the Mughal Empire|Mughal army]] advanced towards Jessore, following the [[Bhairab]] and [[Ichamati River|Ichhamati]] rivers, eventually arriving at a location known as Salka, near the junction of the [[Yamuna|Yamumna]] and Ichhamati rivers. It was here that the initial encounter between Pratapaditya's Jessore army and the Mughal forces occurred. As the Mughal army approached the territory of Jessore, Pratapaditya took significant measures to fortify his capital and positioned a formidable army and fleet under the leadership of experienced officers, which included individuals of foreign origin such as Feringis ([[Ethnic groups in Europe|Europeans]]) and [[Afghans]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

Pratapaditya deployed his forces strategically in response to the Mughal advance. He sent his son, Udayaditya, accompanied by Khwaja Kamal and 500 war boats. In addition, another contingent led by Jamal Khan was dispatched, consisting of forty war elephants and one thousand horsemen. Initially, the Jessore forces did not initiate any aggressive action, prompting Islam Khan to advance with his Mughal forces toward them.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last1=Roy |first1=Kaushik |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gnDfBQAAQBAJ |title=Chinese and Indian Warfare - From the Classical Age to 1870 |last2=Lorge |first2=Peter |date=2014-12-17 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-58709-5 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sahai |first=Baldeo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kuFLAQAAIAAJ |title=Indian Navy, a Perspective: From the Earliest Period to Modern Times |date=2006 |publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Government of India |isbn=978-81-230-1354-1 |pages=40 |language=en}}</ref>

Udayaditya's forces secured an initial victory. However, the tide turned against them when the Mughal army unleashed a barrage of arrows, effectively surrounding the Jessore squadron forces. In the midst of this confrontation, Jessore's commander, Khwaja Kamal, lost his life. Udayaditya was compelled to retreat and narrowly escaped being captured by the Mughals.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" />

Following the retreat of Udayaditya, Jamal Khan decided to vacate the fort of Salka. Subsequently, the fort of Salka came under Mughal control. This victory allowed the Mughals to acquire a substantial portion of Jessore's artillery, further strengthening their position in the conflict.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ghosh |first=Jamini Mohan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ik0RAQAAIAAJ |title=Magh Raiders in Bengal |date=1960 |publisher=Bookland |pages=70 |language=en}}</ref>

== Fall of Jessore ==
[[File:Silver door in Amber Fort, Rajasthan.jpg|thumb|Idol brought by Man Singh from Jessore]]
Subsequently, the Mughal army proceeded to confront another rebel leader, Ramachandra of Bakla. However, without offering any resistance, Ramachandra surrendered to the Mughals, avoiding a battle.<ref name=":1" />

Pratapaditya attempted to seek peace by sending an envoy to Mirza Nathan, a Mughal commander. However, the Mughals viewed this gesture with suspicion and, as a result, advanced toward the Jessore fort with the intention of laying siege to it.<ref name=":1" />

In January 1612, the Mughal forces initiated a siege on the Jessore fort, compelling Pratapaditya to surrender. Pratapaditya and his sons were captured and subsequently sent to the imperial court. By this event, Mughals successfully captured Jessore and annexed it directly into the rule of Bengal Subah.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nair |first=P. Thankappan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4bK1AAAAIAAJ |title=Tercentenary History of Calcutta: Calcutta in the 17th century |date=1986 |publisher=Firma KLM |pages=39 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Chatterjee |first=Kumkum |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mCwpDwAAQBAJ |title=The Cultures of History in Early Modern India: Persianization and Mughal Culture in Bengal |date=2009-02-11 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-908801-0 |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{History of Bengal}}

[[Category:Battles involving the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:Bengal Subah]]
[[Category:Jessore District]]
[[Category:1610s in the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:Wars involving the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:Military history of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:History of Khulna Division]]

Alok Kumar Ghosh

2026-04-04T03:22:59Z

Ieagle: added a bio.

{{Short description|Indian politician (died 2021)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| office = Member of [[Assam Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Mariani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mariani]]
| predecessor = [[Rupam Kurmi]]
| successor = [[Rupjyoti Kurmi]]
| term = 2004–2006
| death_date = 7 August 2021 (aged 62)
| death_place = [[Siliguri]]
| party = [[Asom Gana Parishad]] (2021)
| other_party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (2021) [[Trinamool Congress]] (2004–2006, 2011–2016) [[Nationalist Congress Party]] (2001–2004, 2006–2011, 2016–2021)
| parents = Bholanath Ghosh (Father)
| children = 3
}}

'''Alok Kumar Ghosh''' (died 7 August 2021)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-08-07 |title=Assam: Former Mariani MLA Alak Kumar Ghose passes away |url=http://nenow.in/north-east-news/assam/assam-former-mariani-mla-alak-kumar-ghose.html |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=Northeast Now |language=en-US}}</ref> was an [[Politics of India|Indian politician]] from the state of [[Assam]]. He was a former member of [[Assam Legislative Assembly]] for [[Mariani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mariani]].

== Early life and education ==
Ghosh was the son of Bholanath Ghosh. Ghosh passed the [[High School Leaving Certificate (India)|H.S.L.C. Exam]] in the year 1974 from Railway High School, Mariani, Dist. Jorhat, Assam.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alok Kumar Ghosh(Nationalist Congress Party(NCP)):Constituency- Mariani (Titabar) – Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/assam2016/candidate.php?candidate_id=419 |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=myneta.info}}</ref>

== Political career ==
Ghosh was the [[Nationalist Congress Party]] candidate for [[Mariani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mariani]] in 2001. He received 16198 votes, 26.16% of the total vote. He lost to [[Rupam Kurmi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mariani Election Results 2016, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up and Current MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/assam/assembly-constituencies/mariani.html |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=Elections in India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mariani Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency |url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/mariani-assam-assembly-constituency#2001 |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=resultuniversity.com}}</ref>

Rupam Kurmi died in 2004, which led to a [[by-election]]. He was the [[Trinamool Congress]] candidate and received 18424 votes and became MLA of the constituency.

In the [[2006 Assam Legislative Assembly election]], he did not receive the [[Trinamool Congress]] nomination and instead again became the [[Nationalist Congress Party]] candidate. He received 30454 votes, losing to [[Rupjyoti Kurmi]] by 3017 votes.

In the [[2011 Assam Legislative Assembly election]], Ghosh switched back to [[Trinamool Congress]]. He received 28696 votes, 37.67% of the total vote and he lost to [[Rupjyoti Kurmi]] by 7058 votes.

In the [[2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election]], Ghosh went back to the [[Nationalist Congress Party|Nationalist Congress party]]. He received 34908 votes, 38.55% of the total vote and lost to [[Rupjyoti Kurmi]] by 1793 votes.

In the [[2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election]], he was denied a [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] ticket so he instead filed as [[Asom Gana Parishad|AGP]] but his nomination was later withdrawn.

== Social activities ==
Ghosh was known for his philanthropic works. He had offered cooked food to hundreds of poor people during the [[COVID-19|COVID]] [[lockdown]]. He ran a ‘NaMo Canteen’ in eastern Assam's Mariani from 2018 which served a full dish vegetarian meal to some 300 poor people almost every day. Daily labourers were charged Rs 8 per meal while the beggars and orphans were given the food free.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-12 |title=Former Assam MLA hospitalised after nomination paper rejected |url=https://thenewsmill.com/former-assam-mla-hospitalised-nomination-rejected/ |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=thenewsmill.com |language=en-us}}</ref>

== Illness and death ==
On 11 March 2021, Ghosh fell sick and was hospitalised a few hours after his nomination papers for the assembly elections were rejected. Earlier, Ghosh had been suffering heart-related ailments and had a [[pacemaker]] installed.{{Citation needed|date=May 2024}}

On 7 August 2021, after months of illness, Ghosh died at a [[Siliguri]] hospital in [[West Bengal]]. He left behind a wife, a son and two daughters. Many politicians such as [[Bimal Bora]], [[Ranoj Pegu]] and [[Sarbananda Sonowal]] paid tribute to him.<ref name=":0" /> [[Sarbananda Sonowal|Sonowal]] said “A noted social worker, his demise is a huge loss for all of us.”

On 29 August, [[Chief minister (India)|Chief Minister]] [[Himanta Biswa Sarma]] visited Ghosh's house in [[Siliguri]], to meet his family members.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-29 |title=Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma reaches former MLA's house at Siliguri |url=https://siliguri24x7news.in/2021/08/29/assam-chief-minister-himanta-biswa-sarma-reaches-former-mlas-house-at-siliguri/ |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=Siliguri24x7news |language=en-US}}</ref> Sarma, along with several politicians including [[Ashok Singhal (politician)|Ashok Singhal]], [[Bhubaneswar Kalita]] and [[Sanjoy Kishan]] paid condolences in a ceremony in Ghosh's memory.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sanjoy Kishan tribute |url=https://twitter.com/sanjoykishan1/status/1428255297542393858 |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=Twitter |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Himanta Biswa Sarma condolences |url=https://twitter.com/himantabiswa/status/1431876348704739328 |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=Twitter |language=en-GB}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ghosh, Alok Kumar}}
[[Category:20th-century births]]
[[Category:2021 deaths]]
[[Category:Assam MLAs 2001–2006]]
[[Category:Asom Gana Parishad politicians]]
[[Category:Nationalist Congress Party politicians from Assam]]
[[Category:People from Jorhat district]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:Trinamool Congress politicians from Assam]]

5th Tamil Nadu Assembly

2026-04-02T16:00:59Z

Ieagle: added data

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1971 Tamil Nadu legislative assembly election
| country = India
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1967 Madras State legislative assembly election
| previous_year = '''1967'''
| next_election = 1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
| next_year = '''1977'''
| election_date = March 1971
| seats_for_election = All 234 seats in the [[Legislature of Tamil Nadu]]
| image1 =[[File:M. Karunanidhi .jpg|150px]]
| leader1 = '''[[M. Karunanidhi]]'''
| leaders_seat1 = [[Saidapet (State Assembly Constituency)|Saidapet]]
| party1 = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
| seats1 = '''205'''
| seat_change1 = {{increase}}26
| popular_vote1 = '''8,506,078'''
| percentage1 = '''54.30%'''
| swing1 =
| image2 =[[File:K_Kamaraj_1976_stamp_of_India.jpg|150px]]
| leader2 = [[K. Kamaraj]]
| party2 = Indian National Congress (Organisation)
| leaders_seat2 = did not contest
| seats2 = 21
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}}50
| popular_vote2 = 5,579,039
| percentage2 = 37.94%
| swing2 =
| title = [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu|Chief Minister]]
| posttitle = [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu|Chief Minister]]
| before_election = [[M. Karunanidhi]]
| before_party = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
| after_election = [[M. Karunanidhi]]
| after_party = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
}}

The '''fifth legislative assembly election''' of [[Tamil Nadu]] was held in March 1971. [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] was re-elected, after its first victory under the leadership of [[C N Annadurai]] in 1967. This was the first time [[M. Karunanidhi]], contested as the leader of DMK party won the election, since he assumed Chief Ministership for the first time, after the death of [[C N Annadurai]]. Karunanidhi had emerged successfully in the leadership crisis with other party leaders [[M. G. Ramachandran]], and [[Nedunchezhiyan]], which ensued after the death of C. N. Annadurai. The main opposition party in the election was [[Indian National Congress (Organisation)]] led by [[K. Kamaraj]], whereas the [[Indian National Congress (Indira)]] faction aligned with Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. This was the last election that had only 2 major parties in Tamilnadu. After the election, MGR was slowly cornered out of DMK, and finally he formed AIADMK, which has since then been the close equal of DMK.

== Background ==
The opposition party, [[Indian National Congress]] was heavily weakened due to a split that occurred in 1969. This led to the formation of [[Indian National Congress (Organisation)]] under [[K. Kamaraj]], which was the major opposition in this election, while the [[Indian National Congress]], supported the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]].<ref name="A">{{cite book | title=Postcolonial insecurities: India, Sri Lanka, and the question of nationhood| last=Krishna|first=Sankaran| year=1999| publisher=University of Minnesota Press|pages=87| isbn=9781452903873| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=__6PDx2CyLkC&q=dmk%20alliance%201967&pg=PA87}}</ref>
Indira Gandhi continued as Prime Minister with the support of Communist parties and DMK which had 25 seats in the Lok Sabha. It was during this time, the long-awaited Salem steel mill was approved. The ruling Congress party decided to dissolve the Lok Sabha and conduct early elections and Karunanidhi also decided to dissolve the state assembly and face the elections in alliance with Indira's Congress one year before the end of his term.<ref name="Devasam Pillai">{{cite book | title=Aspects of Changing India| first=S. Devasam | last=Pillai| year=1976| pages=116–119| isbn=81-7154-157-7}}</ref><ref name="Duncan"/>

==Parties and alliances==
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam formed a seven party alliance called Left and Democratic Front (Progressive Front). The front was led by the DMK and comprised [[Indian National Congress (Indira)]], Communist Party of India (CPI), the Praja Socialist Party, the Forward Block, the [[Indian Union Muslim League|Muslim League]] and [[M. P. Sivagnanam]]'s Tamil National Party. The Congress party dependent on DMK votes in the Lok Sabha for survival had no influence in the seating arrangements. The Indira Congress contested in 9 out of 39 parliamentary constituencies but not in legislative assembly constituencies. Indira Gandhi instructed the leader of the Tamil Nadu Congress, Subramaniam to accept the arrangement in a sign indicative of writing off Tamil Nadu as a Congress territory.<ref name="Devasam Pillai"/>

The opposition front was a coalition of Kamaraj led [[Indian National Congress (Organisation)]] (Congress (O)), Rajaji's Swatantara Party, Samyukta Socialist Party, the [[Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party]], the Republican Party and the Coimbatore District Agriculturist Association.<ref name="Duncan">{{cite journal | title=Factions and Filmstars: Tamil Nadu Politics since 1971| author=Duncan Forrester| journal=Asian Survey| year=1976| volume=16|issue=3| pages=283–296| jstor=2643545| doi=10.2307/2643545 }}</ref><ref name="mitra">{{cite book | first=Subrata Kumar| last=Mitra| year= 2006| title=The puzzle of India's governance: culture, context and comparative theory| publisher=Routledge| id= | pages=118–20 | isbn=0-415-34861-7| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=dnoW56MhJZMC&pg=P118}}</ref>

==Voting and results==

===Results===
'''Source''': Election Commission of India<ref name = "results">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_TN_71.pdf 1971 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India] ''accessed'' 19 April 2009</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left valign=top|Alliances
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left valign=top|Party
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Popular Vote
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Vote %
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Seats contested
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Seats won
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Change
|-
|align=left rowspan=5 valign=top|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|Progressive Front]] '''Seats:''' 205 '''Seat Change: '''+26 '''Popular Vote:''' 8,506,078 '''Popular Vote %:''' 54.30%
|align=left| [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|align=center| 7,654,935
|align=center| 48.58%
|align=center| 203
|align=center| 184
|align=center| {{increase}}47
|-
|align=left| [[Communist Party of India]]
|align=center| 364,803
|align=center| 2.32%
|align=center| 10
|align=center| 8
|align=center| {{increase}}6
|-
|align=left| [[All India Forward Bloc]]
|align=center| 268,721
|align=center| 1.71%
|align=center| 9
|align=center| 7
|align=center| {{increase}}6
|-
|align=left| [[Praja Socialist Party]]
|align=center| 147,985
|align=center| 0.94%
|align=center| 4
|align=center| 4
|align=center| —
|-
|align=left| [[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|align=center| 69,634
|align=center| 0.44%
|align=center| 2
|align=center| 2
|align=center| {{decrease}}1
|-
|align=left rowspan=3 valign=top|[[Indian National Congress (Organisation)|Democratic Front]] '''Seats: ''' 21 '''Seat Change: '''-50 '''Popular Vote:''' 6,016,530 '''Popular Vote %:''' 38.18%
|align=left| [[Indian National Congress (Organisation)]]
|align=center| 5,513,894
|align=center| 34.99%
|align=center| 201
|align=center| 15
|align=center| {{decrease}}36
|-
|align=left|[[Swatantra Party]]
|align=center| 465,145
|align=center| 2.95%
|align=center| 19
|align=center| 6
|align=center| {{decrease}}14
|-
|align=left|[[Samyukta Socialist Party]]
|align=center| 37,491
|align=center| 0.24%
|align=center| 2
|align=center| 0
|align=center| —
|-
|align=left rowspan=3 valign=top|Others '''Seats:''' 8 '''Seat Change: ''' '''Popular Vote:''' 1,234,193 '''Popular Vote %:''' 7.52%
|align=left|[[Independent (politician)|Independents]]
|align=center| 965,379
|align=center| 6.13%
|align=center| 256
|align=center| 8
|align=center|
|-
|align=left| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|align=center| 259,298
|align=center| 1.65%
|align=center| 37
|align=center| 0
|align=center| {{decrease}}11
|-
|align=left|[[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]]
|align=center| 9,516
|align=center| 0.06%
|align=center| 5
|align=center| 0
|align=center| —
|-
|align=center| '''Total'''
|align=center| '''11 Political Parties'''
|align=center|15,756,801
|align=center|100%
|align=center| —
|align=center|234
|align=center| —
|}

== Karunanidhi's Cabinet ==
The council of ministers in M. Karunanidhi's cabinet (in 1971).<ref name="refannual">{{cite book | year= 1971| title=Careers digest, Volume 8| pages=447| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYHNAAAAMAAJ&q=K.+Rajaram}}</ref>

{| width="80%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px #DEE8F1 solid; font-size: x-big; font-family: verdana"
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white; width:180px"|Minister
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Portfolios
|---
|[[M. Karunanidhi]]
|Chief Minister
|---
|[[V. R. Nedunchezhiyan]]
|Education and Revenue
|---
|[[K. Rajaram]]
|Backward Classes
|---
|[[K. Anbazhagan]]
|Public Health
|---
|[[Anbil P. Dharmalingam]]
|Agriculture
|---
|[[S. J. Sadiq Pasha]]
|Public Works
|---
|[[Satyavani Muthu]]
|Harijan Welfare
|---
|[[M. Kannappan]]
|Religious Endowments
|---
|[[S. Madhavan]]
|Industries
|---
|[[N. V. Natarajan]]
|Labour
|---
|[[O. P. Raman]]
|Electricity
|---
|[[S. P. Adithanar]]
|Cooperation
|---
|[[Panruti S. Ramachandran|S. Ramachandran]]
|Transport
|}

== List of elected members ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|style="background-color:#ADD8E6"|*
|Elected as Chief Minister of Madras State
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Assembly Constituency
! Winner
! Party
!Runner-up
!Party
!Margin
|-
|[[Acharapakkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Acharapakkam]]
|[[V. Balasundaram]]
|DMK
|C. Ganesan
|NCO
|26,359
|---
|[[Aduthurai (State Assembly Constituency)|Aduthurai]]
|[[K. Rajamanickam]]
|DMK
|A. Marimuthu
|NCO
|1,963
|---
|[[Alangudy (State Assembly Constituency)|Alangudy]]
|[[K. V. Subbiah]]
|DMK
|T. S. Thangavelu
|NCO
|7,882
|---
|[[Alangulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Alangulam]]
|[[V. Arunachalam]]
|DMK
|S. K. T. Ramachandran
|NCO
|1,838
|---
|[[Ambasamudram (State Assembly Constituency)|Ambasamudram]]
|[[S. Sanmugamuthu Thevar]]
|NCO
|R. V. Ananthakrishnan
|DMK
|3,484
|---
|[[Ambur (State Assembly Constituency)|Ambur]]
|[[M. Panneerselvam]]
|DMK
|M. Adhimoolam
|NCO
|11,488
|---
|[[Andhiyur (State Assembly Constituency)|Andhiyur]]
|[[E. M. Natarasan]]
|DMK
|K. S. Nanjappan
|NCO
|7,815
|---
|[[Andimadam (State Assembly Constituency)|Andimadam]]
|[[S. Sadasiva Padayachi]]
|DMK
|G. Thiyagarajan
|NCO
|4,523
|---
|[[Andipatti (State Assembly Constituency)|Andipatti]]
|[[N. V. Gurusamy Naidu]]
|SWA
|S. Paramasivam
|FBL
|4,132
|---
|[[Arakkonam (State Assembly Constituency)|Arakkonam]]
|[[N. S. Balaraman]]
|DMK
|S. K. Subramanya Mudaly
|NCO
|15,378
|---
|[[Aranthangi (State Assembly Constituency)|Aranthangi]]
|[[S. Ramanathan (Aranthangi MLA)|S. Ramanathan]]
|DMK
|Ramanathan Servaikarar
|NCO
|12,033
|---
|[[Aravakurichi (State Assembly Constituency)|Aravakurichi]]
|[[Addul Jabbar]]
|MUL
|S. Kadasamy Gounder
|SWA
|15,305
|---
|[[Arcot (State Assembly Constituency)|Arcot]]
|[[N. Veerasami]]
|DMK
|N. R. Ethirajulu Naidu
|NCO
|14,065
|---
|[[Ariyalur (State Assembly Constituency)|Ariyalur]]
|[[G. Sivaperumal]]
|DMK
|R. Sambasiva Moopanar
|NCO
|25,580
|---
|[[Arni (State Assembly Constituency)|Arni]]
|[[A. C. Narasimhan]]
|DMK
|M. Dharumarajan
|NCO
|13,083
|---
|[[Aruppukottai (State Assembly Constituency)|Aruppukottai]]
|[[Sowdi Sundara Bharathi]]
|FBL
|M. Veerasamy
|SWA
|9,113
|---
|[[Athoor (State Assembly Constituency)|Athoor]]
|[[A. M. T. Nachiappan]]
|DMK
|T. P. S. Lakshmanan
|NCO
|16,728
|---
|[[Attur (State Assembly Constituency)|Attur]]
|[[V. Palanivel Gounder]]
|DMK
|C. Palanimuthu
|NCO
|4,211
|---
|[[Avanashi (State Assembly Constituency)|Avanashi]]
|[[T. O. Periasamy]]
|IND
|K. Thangavelu
|DMK
|719
|---
|[[Basin Bridge (State Assembly Constituency)|Basin Bridge]]
|[[M. R. Kannan]]
|DMK
|K. Ramadoss
|NCO
|15,785
|---
|[[Bhavani (State Assembly Constituency)|Bhavani]]
|[[A. M. Raja (politician)|A. M. Raja]]
|DMK
|P. Kuppusamy Mudaliar
|NCO
|13,047
|---
|[[Bhavanisagar (State Assembly Constituency)|Bhavanisagar]]
|[[V. K. Ramarasan]]
|DMK
|M. Velusamy
|NCO
|7,011
|---
|[[Bhuvanagiri (State Assembly Constituency)|Bhuvanagiri]]
|[[M. A. Abusali]]
|IND
|R. Balakrishnan
|NCO
|5,324
|---
|[[Bodinayakkanur (State Assembly Constituency)|Bodinayakkanur]]
|[[M. Surulivel]]
|DMK
|A. Yellanna
|IND
|16,377
|---
|[[Chengalpattu (State Assembly Constituency)|Chengalpattu]]
|[[C. G. Viswanathan]]
|DMK
|S. T. Neelakantan
|NCO
|23,659
|---
|[[Chengam (State Assembly Constituency)|Chengam]]
|[[C. Pandurangam]]
|DMK
|A. Arumugam
|NCO
|15,555
|---
|[[Cheranmadevi (State Assembly Constituency)|Cheranmadevi]]
|[[D. S. A. Sivaprakasam]]
|SWA
|S. Ratnavelpandian
|DMK
|193
|---
|[[Cheyyar (State Assembly Constituency)|Cheyyar]]
|[[K. Govindan]]
|DMK
|Perumalsamy Nayagar
|NCO
|8,301
|---
|[[Chidambaram (State Assembly Constituency)|Chidambaram]]
|[[P. Ponchockalingam]]
|DMK
|R. Gopalakrishnan
|NCO
|1,679
|---
|[[Coimbatore East (State Assembly Constituency)|Coimbatore East]]
|[[K. Ranganathan]]
|DMK
|A. Devaraj
|NCO
|3,512
|---
|[[Coimbatore West (State Assembly Constituency)|Coimbatore West]]
|[[P. Gopal]]
|DMK
|S. S. Krishnaswamy
|SWA
|9,450
|---
|[[Colachel (State Assembly Constituency)|Colachel]]
|[[A. Pauliah]]
|NCO
|[[S. Retnaraj]]
|DMK
|7,549
|---
|[[Coonoor (State Assembly Constituency)|Coonoor]]
|[[J. Karunainathan]]
|DMK
|N. Andy
|NCO
|18,126
|---
|[[Cuddalore (State Assembly Constituency)|Cuddalore]]
|[[R. Govindaraj]]
|DMK
|P. R. Seenivasa Padayachi
|NCO
|4,310
|---
|[[Cumbum (State Assembly Constituency)|Cumbum]]
|[[K. P. Gopal]]
|NCO
|P. S. Chellathurai
|DMK
|677
|---
|[[Dharapuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Dharapuram]]
|[[V. S. Palaniammal]]
|DMK
|V. N. Gopal
|NCO
|19,350
|---
|[[Dharmapuri (State Assembly Constituency)|Dharmapuri]]
|[[R. Chinnasamy]]
|DMK
|D. N. Adivel
|NCO
|12,027
|---
|[[Dindigul (State Assembly Constituency)|Dindigul]]
|[[O. N. Sundaram Pillai]]
|NCO
|Jama Hussain
|IND
|1,391
|---
|[[Edappadi (State Assembly Constituency)|Edappadi]]
|[[A. Arumugam]]
|DMK
|M. K. Ramakrishnan
|SWA
|4,946
|---
|[[Egmore (State Assembly Constituency)|Egmore]]
|[[Arangannal]]
|DMK
|M. Kothandapani
|NCO
|4,863
|---
|[[Erode (State Assembly Constituency)|Erode]]
|[[M. Subramanian]]
|DMK
|K. P. Muthusamy
|NCO
|17,451
|---
|[[Gandarvakottai (State Assembly Constituency)|Gandarvakottai]]
|[[Govindarasu Kalingarar]]
|DMK
|Durai Ramachandran
|NCO
|13,786
|---
|[[Gangaikondan (State Assembly Constituency)|Gangaikondan]]
|[[A. Karuppiah]]
|DMK
|S. Koil Pillai
|NCO
|14,756
|---
|[[Gingee (State Assembly Constituency)|Gingee]]
|[[S. Sagadeva Gounder]]
|DMK
|V. Perumal Nainar
|NCO
|12,772
|---
|[[Gobichettipalayam (State Assembly Constituency)|Gobichettipalayam]]
|[[S. M. Palaniappan]]
|DMK
|K. M. Sundaramurthy
|SWA
|14,561
|---
|[[Gudalur (State Assembly Constituency)|Gudalur]]
|[[K. H. Bomman]]
|SWA
|K. Putta
|CPI
|1,941
|---
|[[Gudiyatham (State Assembly Constituency)|Gudiyatham]]
|[[E. K. Duraisami]]
|DMK
|D. A. Adimoolam
|NCO
|16,374
|---
|[[Gummidipundi (State Assembly Constituency)|Gummidipundi]]
|[[K. A. Vezhavendan]]
|DMK
|P. Obul Reddy
|NCO
|12,480
|---
|[[Harbour (State Assembly Constituency)|Harbour]]
|[[A. M. Mohideen]]
|IND
|G. Umapathy
|NCO
|486
|---
|[[Harur (State Assembly Constituency)|Harur]]
|[[S. A. Chinnaraju]]
|DMK
|M. Ponnusamy
|NCO
|8,880
|---
|[[Hosur (State Assembly Constituency)|Hosur]]
|[[B. Venkatasamy]]
|SWA
|T. Venkata Reddy
|IND
|13,196
|---
|[[Ilayangudi (State Assembly Constituency)|Ilayangudi]]
|[[V. Malaikannan]]
|DMK
|S. Ramakrishna Thevar
|NCO
|21,413
|---
|[[Jayankondam (State Assembly Constituency)|Jayankondam]]
|[[A. Chinnasamy]]
|DMK
|S. Ramasamy
|NCO
|12,281
|---
|[[Kadaladi (State Assembly Constituency)|Kadaladi]]
|[[C. Ramalingam]]
|DMK
|M. Alangaram
|SWA
|17,658
|---
|[[Kadambathur Assembly constituency|Kadambathur]]
|[[A. Paranthaman]]
|DMK
|Era. Kulasekaran
|NCO
|19,666
|---
|[[Kadavur Assembly constituency|Kadavur]]
|[[Karuragiri Muthiah]]
|NCO
|P. Krishnasamy
|DMK
|1,989
|---
|[[Kadayanallur (State Assembly Constituency)|Kadayanallur]]
|[[A. R. Subbiah Mudaliar]]
|DMK
|S. M. Abdul Majid Sahib
|NCO
|3,570
|---
|[[Kalasapakkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Kalapsapakkam]]
|[[S. Murugaiyan]]
|DMK
|M. Sundaraswamy
|NCO
|12,933
|---
|[[Kallakurichi (State Assembly Constituency)|Kallakurichi]]
|[[D. Kesavalu]]
|DMK
|S. Sivaraman
|NCO
|4,139
|---
|[[Kancheepuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Kancheepuram]]
|[[C. V. M. Annamalai]]
|DMK
|D. V. Natesa Mudaliar
|NCO
|6,312
|---
|[[Kandamangalam (State Assembly Constituency)|Kandamangalam]]
|[[M. Raman]]
|DMK
|P. P. Mathavan
|NCO
|11,665
|---
|[[Kangayam (State Assembly Constituency)|Kangayam]]
|[[Kovai Chezhiyan]]
|DMK
|K. G. Palanisamy Gounder
|IND
|22,042
|---
|[[Kaniyambadi Assembly constituency)|Kaniyambadi]]
|[[Thoppu Thiruvengadam]]
|DMK
|L. Balaraman
|NCO
|9,788
|---
|[[Kanyakumari (State Assembly Constituency)|Kanyakumari]]
|[[K. Rajah Pillai]]
|DMK
|B. Mahadevan Pillai
|NCO
|4,558
|---
|[[Kapilamalai (State Assembly Constituency)|Kapilamalai]]
|[[C. V. Velappan]]
|DMK
|P. Thyagarajan
|NCO
|9,977
|---
|[[Karaikudi (State Assembly Constituency)|Karaikudi]]
|[[C. T. Chidambaram]]
|DMK
|S. P. R. Ramaswamy
|SWA
|13,128
|---
|[[Kariapatti Assembly constituency|Kariapatti]]
|[[A. R. Perumal]]
|FBL
|M. Muthuvel Serval
|NCO
|9,324
|---
|[[Karur (State Assembly Constituency)|Karur]]
|[[Nallasamy (Karur MLA)|Nallasamy]]
|DMK
|T. M. Nallaswamy
|NCO
|10,657
|---
|[[Katpadi (State Assembly Constituency)|Katpadi]]
|[[Durai Murugan]]
|DMK
|Dhandayuthapani
|NCO
|16,568
|---
|[[Kattumannarkoil (State Assembly Constituency)|Kattumannarkoil]]
|[[S. Perumal]]
|DMK
|T. M. Kuppusami
|NCO
|3,296
|---
|[[Kaveripattinam (State Assembly Constituency)|Kaveripattinam]]
|[[V. C. Govindasamy]]
|DMK
|E. Pattabi Naidu
|NCO
|19,155
|---
|[[Killiyur (State Assembly Constituency)|Killiyur]]
|[[N. Dennis]]
|NCO
|C. Russel Raj
|DMK
|14,032
|---
|[[Kinathukadavu (State Assembly Constituency)|Kinathukadavu]]
|[[M. Kannappan]]
|DMK
|S. T. Duraisamy
|IND
|25,727
|---
|[[Kodavasal (State Assembly Constituency)|Kodavasal]]
|[[K. Periasamy Udayar]]
|DMK
|Kalingaraya Dakshinamoorthy
|NCO
|7,726
|---
|[[Kottur (State Assembly Constituency)|Kottur]]
|[[A. K. Subbiah]]
|CPI
|T. Rajamanickam
|NCO
|30,110
|---
|[[Kovilpatti (State Assembly Constituency)|Kovilpatti]]
|[[S. Alagarsamy]]
|CPI
|L. Subba Naicker
|NCO
|15,198
|---
|[[Krishnagiri (State Assembly Constituency)|Krishnagiri]]
|[[C. Manniappan]]
|DMK
|T. G. Selvaraj
|NCO
|12,974
|---
|[[Krishnarayapuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Krishnarayapuram]]
|[[P. Soundarapandian]]
|DMK
|P. M. Thangavelraj
|NCO
|7,157
|---
|[[Kulittalai (State Assembly Constituency)|Kulittalai]]
|[[M. Kandaswamy (Tamil Nadu politician)|M. Kandaswamy]]
|DMK
|P. E. Srinivasan Reddiar
|NCO
|6,052
|---
|[[Kumbakonam (State Assembly Constituency)|Kumbakonam]]
|[[N. Kasiraman]]
|NCO
|S. Padmanabhan
|DMK
|2,619
|---
|[[Kunnathur (State Assembly Constituency)|Kunnathur]]
|[[M. Gopal]]
|DMK
|P. Appavoo
|NCO
|22,638
|---
|[[Kurinjipadi (State Assembly Constituency)|Kurinjipadi]]
|[[N. Rajangam]]
|DMK
|M. Jayaraman
|NCO
|1,526
|---
|[[Kuttalam (State Assembly Constituency)|Kuttalam]]
|[[S. Ganesan]]
|DMK
|K. K. Deen
|NCO
|12,227
|---
|[[Lalgudi (State Assembly Constituency)|Lalgudi]]
|[[V. N. Muthamil Selvan]]
|DMK
|D. Rengasamy Udayar
|NCO
|11,963
|---
|[[Madurai Central (State Assembly Constituency)|Madurai Central]]
|[[K. Thirupathy]]
|DMK
|[[P. Nedumaran]]
|NCO
|3,210
|---
|[[Madurai East (State Assembly Constituency)|Madurai East]]
|[[K. Ramakrishnan]]
|DMK
|L. K. T. Muthuram
|NCO
|2,412
|---
|[[Madurai West (State Assembly Constituency)|Madurai West]]
|[[K. T. K. Thangamani]]
|CPI
|P. Anandam
|NCO
|9,146
|---
|[[Madurathakam (State Assembly Constituency)|Maduranthakam]]
|[[C. Arumugam]]
|DMK
|V. Gopal Reddiar
|NCO
|19,049
|---
|[[Manamadurai (State Assembly Constituency)|Manamadurai]]
|[[T. Soniah]]
|DMK
|S. Sankaralingam
|NCO
|10,179
|---
|[[Mangalore, Tamil Nadu Assembly constituency|Mangalore]]
|[[G. Jabamalai]]
|DMK
|R. Perumal
|NCO
|11,498
|---
|[[Mannargudi (State Assembly Constituency)|Mannargudi]]
|K. Balakrishnan
|DMK
|T. S. Swaminatha Udayar
|NCO
|7,128
|---
|[[Mayuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Mayuram]]
|[[N. Kittappa]]
|DMK
|M. R. Krishnappa
|NCO
|1,019
|---
|[[Melapalayam (State Assembly Constituency)|Melapalayam]]
|[[M. Kather Mohideen]]
|MUL
|C. Shanmugavel
|NCO
|13,685
|---
|[[Melmalayanur (State Assembly Constituency)|Melmalayanur]]
|[[R. R. Munusami]]
|DMK
|K. Gopal Gounder
|NCO
|8,872
|---
|[[Melur North (State Assembly Constituency)|Melur North]]
|[[P. Malaichamy]]
|DMK
|[[M. Andi Ambalam]]
|NCO
|127
|---
|[[Melur South (State Assembly Constituency)|Melur South]]
|[[O. P. Raman]]
|DMK
|C. Karuthanan
|NCO
|16,876
|---
|[[Mettupalayam (State Assembly Constituency)|Mettupalayam]]
|[[M. C. Thooyamani]]
|DMK
|Ramaswami
|IND
|8,460
|---
|[[Mettur (State Assembly Constituency)|Mettur]]
|[[M. Surendran]]
|PSP
|Karuppanna Gounder
|NCO
|11,118
|---
|[[Modakkurichi (State Assembly Constituency)|Modakkurichi]]
|[[M. Chinnasami]]
|DMK
|M. Chenniappan
|SOP
|13,677
|---
|[[Mudukulathur (State Assembly Constituency)|Mudukulathur]]
|[[Kadher Batcha]] alias Vellaichind
|IND
|R. C. Subramaniam
|NCO
|735
|---
|[[Mugaiyur (State Assembly Constituency)|Mugaiyur]]
|[[A. G. Padmavathi]]
|DMK
|K. A. Ranganathan
|NCO
|19,139
|---
|[[Musiri (State Assembly Constituency)|Musiri]]
|[[P. S. Muthuselvan]]
|DMK
|A. R. Murugaiah
|NCO
|10,859
|---
|[[Mylapore (State Assembly Constituency)|Mylapore]]
|[[T. N. Anandanayaki]]
|NCO
|[[M. P. Sivagnanam]]
|DMK
|7703
|---
|[[Nagapattinam (State Assembly Constituency)|Nagapattinam]]
|[[Rajamanickam (Nagapattinam MLA)|Rajamanickam]]
|DMK
|Ramanatha Thevar
|NCO
|6,402
|---
|[[Nagercoil (State Assembly Constituency)|Nagercoil]]
|[[M. Moses]]
|SWA
|G. Christopher
|DMK
|541
|---
|[[Namakkal (State Assembly Constituency)|Namakkal]]
|[[Palanivelan (Namakkal MLA)|Palanivelan]]
|DMK
|Kaliappan
|NCO
|9,106
|---
|[[Nanguneri (State Assembly Constituency)|Nanguneri]]
|[[T. Ganapathy]]
|DMK
|S. T. Thavasikani
|NCO
|4,236
|---
|[[Nannilam (State Assembly Constituency)|Nannilam]]
|[[A. Devandiran]]
|DMK
|V. S. Arunachalam
|NCO
|15,308
|---
|[[Natrampalli (State Assembly Constituency)|Natrampalli]]
|[[T. C. Thimmaraya Gounder]]
|DMK
|K. Shanmugasundaram
|NCO
|6,421
|---
|[[Nellikuppam (State Assembly Constituency)|Nellikuppam]]
|[[V. Krishnamurthi Gounder]]
|DMK
|K. G. Kandan
|NCO
|5,820
|---
|[[Nilakkottai (State Assembly Constituency)|Nilakkottai]]
|[[A. Muniyandi]]
|DMK
|[[A. S. Ponnammal]]
|NCO
|1,043
|---
|[[Oddanchatram (State Assembly Constituency)|Oddanchatram]]
|[[N. Nachimuthu Gounder]]
|DMK
|A. P. Palaniyappan
|NCO
|13,191
|---
|[[Orathanad (State Assembly Constituency)|Orathanad]]
|[[L. Ganesan]]
|DMK
|Dhandayudhapani
|NCO
|22,986
|---
|[[Omalur (State Assembly Constituency)|Omalur]]
|[[V. Selladurai]]
|DMK
|C. Govindan
|NCO
|10,758
|---
|[[Palani (State Assembly Constituency)|Palani]]
|[[C. Palanisamy]]
|DMK
|R. Subramanian
|NCO
|14,330
|---
|[[Palladam (State Assembly Constituency)|Palladam]]
|[[K. N. Kumarasamy]]
|PSP
|R. Sengaliappan
|NCO
|13,806
|---
|[[Pollachi (State Assembly Constituency)|Pollachi]]
|[[A. P. Shanmugasundara Gounder]]
|DMK
|A. Easwarasamy Gounder
|IND
|18,258
|---
|[[Pongalur (State Assembly Constituency)|Pongalur]]
|[[N. Palanisamy]]
|DMK
|A. Senapathi
|IND
|18,431
|---
|[[Ottapidaram Assembly constituency|Ottapidaram]]
|[[M. Muthiah]]
|FBL
|K. Manoharan
|SWA
|9,710
|---
|[[Padmanabhapuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Padmanabhapuram]]
|[[A. Swamidhas Nadar]]
|NCO
|G. C. Michael
|DMK
|15,242
|---
|[[Palacode (State Assembly Constituency)|Palacode]]
|[[M. V. Karivengadam]]
|DMK
|B. K. Narasimhan
|NCO
|3,377
|---
|[[Panamarathupatti (State Assembly Constituency)|Panamarathupatti]]
|[[Karipatti T. Ponnumalai]]
|DMK
|P. Chinnu
|NCO
|8,978
|---
|[[Papanasam (State Assembly Constituency)|Papanasam]]
|[[N. Ganapathy (Thanjavur)|N. Ganapathy]]
|DMK
|V. Ramakrishnan
|NCO
|9,613
|---
|[[Panruti (State Assembly Constituency)|Panruti]]
|[[Panruti S. Ramachandran|S. Ramachandran]]
|DMK
|S. V. Vadivelu Padayachi
|NCO
|8,985
|---
|[[Paramakudi (State Assembly Constituency)|Paramakudi]]
|[[T. K. Siraimeettan]]
|DMK
|K. V. Rakkan
|NCO
|17,750
|---
|[[Park Town (State Assembly Constituency)|Park Town]]
|[[H. V. Hande]]
|SWA
|[[A. V. P. Asaithambi]]
|DMK
|5,287
|---
|[[Pattukkottai (State Assembly Constituency)|Pattukkottai]]
|[[A. R. Marimuthu]]
|PSP
|N. Nagarajan
|NCO
|18,336
|---
|[[Pennagaram (State Assembly Constituency)|Pennagaram]]
|[[N. Manickam]]
|DMK
|P. K. C. Muthuswami
|NCO
|3,007
|---
|[[Perambalur (State Assembly Constituency)|Perambalur]]
|[[J. S. Raju]]
|DMK
|K. Periyannan
|NCO
|15,708
|---
|[[Perambur (State Assembly Constituency)|Perambur]]
|[[Sathyavani Muthu]]
|DMK
|D. Sulochana
|NCO
|12,023
|---
|[[Peravurani (State Assembly Constituency)|Peravurani]]
|[[Chelliah (Peraurani MLA)|Chelliah]]
|IND
|M. Krishnamoorthy
|DMK
|2,020
|---
|[[Periyakulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Periakulam]]
|[[Anbucheliyan]]
|DMK
|Chinnasamy Chettai
|NCO
|9,595
|---
|[[Pernamallur (State Assembly Constituency)|Pernamallur]]
|[[P. Ettiappan]]
|DMK
|Boopalan
|NCO
|17,603
|---
|[[Pernambattu (State Assembly Constituency)|Pernambattu]]
|[[N. Krishnan]]
|DMK
|P. Rajagopal
|NCO
|14,139
|---
|[[Perundurai (State Assembly Constituency)|Perundurai]]
|[[N. K. Palanisamy]]
|CPI
|K. Chinnasamy Gounder
|IND
|8,782
|---
|[[Perur (State Assembly Constituency)|Perur]]
|[[N. Marudachalam]]
|CPI
|K. P. Palanisami
|NCO
|17,963
|---
|[[Polur (State Assembly Constituency)|Polur]]
|[[T. P. Srinivasan]]
|DMK
|T. R. Natesa Gounder
|NCO
|9,496
|---
|[[Ponneri (State Assembly Constituency)|Ponneri]]
|[[p. Nagalingam]]
|DMK
|[[T. P. Elumalai]]
|NCO
|18,133
|---
|[[Pudukkottai (State Assembly Constituency)|Pudukkottai]]
|[[M. Sathiamoorthy]]
|NCO
|K. R. Subbiah
|CPI
|1,287
|---
|[[Purasawalkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Purasawalkam]]
|[[K. Anbazhagan]]
|DMK
|Bashyam Reddy
|NCO
|12,166
|---
|[[Radhapuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Radhapuram]]
|[[V. Karthesan]]
|DMK
|K. P. Karuthiah
|NCO
|2,189
|---
|[[Rajapalayam (State Assembly Constituency)|Rajapalayam]]
|[[K. Suppu]]
|CPI
|K. R. Srirenga Raja
|NCO
|664
|---
|[[Ramanathapuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Ramanathapuram]]
|[[M. S. K. Sathiyendan]]
|DMK
|R. Balagangadharan
|NCO
|21,041
|---
|[[Ranipet (State Assembly Constituency)|Ranipet]]
|[[K. A. Wahab]]
|IND
|A. G. Ranganatha Naicker
|NCO
|5,335
|---
|[[Rasipuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Rasipuram]]
|[[R. Nainamalai]]
|DMK
|P. Ganapathy
|NCO
|9,918
|---
|[[Rishivandiyam (State Assembly Constituency)|Rishivandiyam]]
|[[N. Dharmalingam]]
|DMK
|K. Mappan
|NCO
|2,108
|---bgcolor=#ADD8E6
|'''[[Saidapet (State Assembly Constituency)|Saidapet]]'''
|'''[[M. Karunanidhi]]'''
|'''DMK'''
|N. Kamalingam
|NCO
|12,511
|---
|[[Sankarapuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Sankarapuram]]
|[[N. Natichiyappan]]
|DMK
|Durai. Muthusamy
|NCO
|72
|---
|[[Sathankulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Sathankulam]]
|[[K. P. Kandasamy]]
|DMK
|T. Martin
|NCO
|4,918
|---
|[[Saint Thomas Mount (State Assembly Constituency)|St. Thomas Mount]]
|[[M. G. Ramachandran]]
|DMK
|T. L. Raghupathy
|NCO
|24,632
|---
|[[Salem - I (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem - I]]
|[[K. Jayaraman]]
|DMK
|P. Thiagarajan
|NCO
|3,395
|---
|[[Salem - II (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem - II]]
|[[K. Rajaram]]
|DMK
|R. Ramakrishnan
|NCO
|5,308
|---
|[[Sankarankoil (State Assembly Constituency)|Sankarankoil]]
|[[S. Subbiah]]
|DMK
|M. Jame
|NCO
|13,658
|---
|[[Sankari (State Assembly Constituency)|Sankari]]
|[[V. Muthur]]
|DMK
|P. T. Seerangan
|NCO
|10,319
|---
|[[Sathyamangalam (State Assembly Constituency)|Sathyamangalam]]
|[[S. K. Subramaniam]]
|DMK
|P. G. Karuthiruman
|NCO
|8,986
|---
|[[Sattur (State Assembly Constituency)|Sattur]]
|[[S. Alagu Thevar]]
|FBL
|R. Dorairaj Naicker
|SWA
|8,394
|---
|[[Sedapatti (State Assembly Constituency)|Sedapatti]]
|[[V. Thavamani Thevar]]
|FBL
|M. K. Ramakrishnan
|SWA
|4,946
|---
|[[Sembanarkoil]]
|[[T. V. Sampath]]
|DMK
|K. R. Sambandam
|NCO
|14,490
|---
|[[Sendamangalam (State Assembly Constituency)|Sendamangalam]]
|[[Chinna Velaiya Gounder]]
|DMK
|Vellaya Gounder
|NCO
|13,055
|---
|[[Sholavandan (State Assembly Constituency)|Sholavandan]]
|[[P. S. Maniyan]]
|DMK
|R. Sundararajan Servai
|NCO
|8,712
|---
|[[Sholinghur (State Assembly Constituency)|Sholinghur]]
|[[A. M. Ponnurangam]]
|NCO
|K. M. Natarajan
|DMK
|7,155
|---
|[[Singanallur (State Assembly Constituency)|Singanallur]]
|[[A. Subramaniam]]
|PSP
|P. L. Subbian
|NCO
|15,040
|---
|[[Sirkazhi (State Assembly Constituency)|Sirkazhi]]
|[[S. Vadivel]]
|CPI
|[[K. B. S. Mani]]
|NCO
|6,310
|---
|[[Sivaganga (State Assembly Constituency)|Sivaganga]]
|[[S. Sethuraman]]
|DMK
|O. Subramanian
|NCO
|17,666
|---
|[[Sivakasi (State Assembly Constituency)|Sivakasi]]
|[[K. Kalimuthu]]
|DMK
|N. Sundarraj Naicker
|SWA
|14,368
|---
|[[Sriperumbudur (State Assembly Constituency)|Sriperumbudur]]
|[[D. Rajarathinam]]
|DMK
|Manali Ramakrishna Mudaliar
|NCO
|14,416
|---
|[[Srirangam (State Assembly Constituency)|Srirangam]]
|[[Jothi Venkatachalam]]
|NCO
|R. Kamatchiammal
|DMK
|2,933
|---
|[[Srivaikuntam (State Assembly Constituency)|Srivaikuntam]]
|[[S. P. Adithanar|Adithanar]]
|DMK
|R. A. R. Annamalai
|NCO
|9,605
|---
|[[Srivilliputhur (State Assembly Constituency)|Srivilliputhur]]
|[[K. Surusamy]]
|DMK
|S. P. Dharmaraj
|NCO
|17,486
|---
|[[Talavasal (State Assembly Constituency)|Talavasal]]
|[[Moo. Marimuthu]]
|DMK
|T. R. Sappan
|NCO
|3,182
|---
|[[Taramangalam (State Assembly Constituency)|Taramangalam]]
|[[Paramasivam (Taramangalam MLA)|Paramasivam]]
|DMK
|Ramasamy Gounder
|NCO
|12,693
|---
|[[Tenkasi (State Assembly Constituency)|Tenkasi]]
|[[Kathiravan]] alias [[Samshudeen]]
|DMK
|I. C. Iswaran
|NCO
|7,960
|---
|[[Thandarambattu (State Assembly Constituency)|Thandarambattu]]
|[[M. S. Radhakrishnan]]
|DMK
|K. Sahadeva Gounder
|NCO
|11,391
|---
|[[Thanjavur (State Assembly Constituency)|Thanjavur]]
|[[S. Natarajan]]
|DMK
|A. Y. Arokiasamy Nadar
|NCO
|7,865
|---
|[[Theni (State Assembly Constituency)|Theni]]
|[[P. T. R. Palanivel Rajan]]
|DMK
|Ramasamy
|NCO
|20,037
|---
|[[Thiagaraya Nagar (State Assembly Constituency)|T. Nagar]]
|[[K. M. Subramaniam]]
|NCO
|D. V. Narayanasamy
|DMK
|879
|---
|[[Thirumangalam (State Assembly Constituency)|Thirumangalam]]
|[[M. C. A. Rethinasamy Thevar]]
|FBL
|[[N. S. V. Chithan]]
|NCO
|8,920
|---
|[[Thirumayam (State Assembly Constituency)|Thirumayam]]
|[[A. Thiagarajan]]
|DMK
|P. R. Ramanathan
|NCO
|14,277
|---
|[[Thirupparankundram (State Assembly Constituency)|Thirupparankundram]]
|[[C. Kaverimaniam]]
|DMK
|I. Pandy Thevar
|NCO
|12,230
|---
|[[Thiruthuraipundi (State Assembly Constituency)|Thiruthuraipundi]]
|[[C. Manali Kandasami]]
|CPI
|G. Thazamanavan
|NCO
|18,596
|---
|[[Thiruvadanai (State Assembly Constituency)|Thiruvadanai]]
|[[P. R. Shanmugham]]
|DMK
|K. R. Kariamanickam Ambalam
|SWA
|6,960
|---
|[[Thiruvaiyaru (State Assembly Constituency)|Thiruvaiyaru]]
|[[G. Ilangovan]]
|DMK
|K. B. Palani
|NCO
|7,326
|---
|[[Thiruvarambur (State Assembly Constituency)|Thiruvarambur]]
|[[Kamaichi (Thiruvarambur MLA)|Kamaichi]]
|DMK
|V. Swaminathan
|NCO
|4,975
|---
|[[Thiruvarur (State Assembly Constituency)|Thiruvarur]]
|[[M. Karunanidhi]]
|DMK
|V. Vedaiyan
|NCO
|12,142
|---
|[[Thiruvattar (State Assembly Constituency)|Thiruvattar]]
|[[J. James (Thiruvattar MLA)|J. James]]
|NCO
|[[J. Hemachandran]]
|CPM
|21,782
|---
|[[Thondamuthur (State Assembly Constituency)|Thondamuthur]]
|[[R. Manickavasakam]]
|DMK
|M. Nataraj
|IND
|21,492
|---
|[[Thottiyam (State Assembly Constituency)|Thottiyam]]
|[[S. K. Vadivelu]]
|DMK
|K. M. Shanmughasundaram
|NCO
|2,244
|---
|[[Thousand Lights (State Assembly Constituency)|Thousand lights]]
|[[K. A. Mathiazhagan]]
|DMK
|N. M. Mani Varma
|NCO
|11,559
|---
|[[Tindivanam (State Assembly Constituency)|Tindivanam]]
|[[G. Rajaram]]
|DMK
|K. Ramamurthy
|NCO
|11,885
|---
|[[Tiruchendur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruchendur]]
|[[Edmund (Tiruchendur MLA)|Edmund]]
|DMK
|Ganesa Sundaram
|NCO
|5,929
|---
|[[Tiruchengode (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruchengode]]
|[[S. Kandappan]]
|DMK
|V. Kumarasamy
|NCO
|19,260
|---
|[[Tiruchirappalli - I (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruchy - I]]
|[[V. Krishnamurthy]]
|DMK
|A. S. G. Lourdusamy Pillai
|NCO
|4,649
|---
|[[Tiruchirappalli - II (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruchy - II]]
|[[Anbil P. Dharmalingam]]
|DMK
|Subramanian
|NCO
|9,298
|---
|[[Tirukkoilur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tirukkoilur]]
|[[A. S. Kumarasamy]]
|DMK
|A. Vadivel
|NCO
|7,349
|---
|[[Tirunelveli (State Assembly Constituency)|Tirunelveli]]
|[[P. Padmanabhan]]
|DMK
|[[Rajathi Kunchithapatham]]
|NCO
|16,952
|---
|[[Tiruppattur, Vellore Assembly constituency|Tiruppattur (41)]]
|[[G. Ramasamy]]
|DMK
|Y. Shanmugam
|NCO
|7,400
|---
|[[Tiruppattur, Sivaganga Assembly constituency|Tiruppattur (191)]]
|[[S. Madhavan]]
|DMK
|S. Sethuramalingam
|NCO
|31,070
|---
|[[Tirupporur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tirupporur]]
|[[M. Munu Adhi]]
|DMK
|T. M. dhanapal
|NCO
|15,237
|---
|[[Tiruppur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruppur]]
|[[S. Doraisamy]]
|DMK
|S. A. Khader
|IND
|7,767
|---
|[[Tiruttani (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruttani]]
|[[E. S. Thyagarajan]]
|DMK
|A. Eakambara Reddz
|NCO
|16,498
|---
|[[Tiruvallur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruvallur]]
|[[S. M. Dorairaj]]
|DMK
|V. S. Arunachalam
|NCO
|18,737
|---
|[[Tiruvannamalai (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruvannamalai]]
|[[P. U. Shanmugham]]
|DMK
|D. Annamalai Pillai
|NCO
|18,310
|---
|[[Tiruvottiyur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruvottiyur]]
|[[M. V. Narayanaswamy]]
|DMK
|Venkatesalu Naidu
|NCO
|16,096
|---
|[[Triplicane (State Assembly Constituency)|Triplicane]]
|[[V. R. Nedunchezhiyan]]
|DMK
|K. Vinayakam
|NCO
|1,039
|---
|[[Tuticorin (State Assembly Constituency)|Tuticorin]]
|[[R. Ramalingam]]
|DMK
|Naorojiammal
|NCO
|9,557
|---
|[[Udagamandalam (State Assembly Constituency)|Udagamandalam]]
|[[M. Devarajan]]
|DMK
|M. B. Nanjan
|SWA
|11,239
|---
|[[Uddanapalle (State Assembly Constituency)|Uddanapalle]]
|[[K. S. Kothandaramaiah]]
|IND
|N. Ramachandra Reddy
|NCO
|470
|---
|[[Udumalpet (State Assembly Constituency)|Udumalpet]]
|[[S. J. Sadiq Pasha]]
|DMK
|T. Malayappa Gounder
|IND
|19,482
|---
|[[Ulundurpet (State Assembly Constituency)|Ulundurpet]]
|[[V. Subramaniam]]
|DMK
|N. Ponnambalam
|NCO
|10,955
|---
|[[Uppiliyapuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Uppiliyapuram]]
|[[T. P. Alagamuthu]]
|DMK
|R. Periasami
|NCO
|6,807
|---
|[[Usilampatti (State Assembly Constituency)|Usilampatti]]
|[[P. K. Mookiah Thevar]]
|FBL
|S. Andi Thevar
|IND
|32,383
|---
|[[Uthangarai (state assembly constituency)|Uthankarai]]
|[[K. R. Krishnan]]
|DMK
|M. Raman
|NCO
|11,864
|---
|[[Uthiramerur (State Assembly Constituency)|Uthiramerur]]
|[[E. M. rajagopal]]
|DMK
|C. Ramasamy
|NCO
|28,566
|---
|[[Vadamadurai (State Assembly Constituency)|Vadamadurai]]
|[[K. Nagarajan]]
|DMK
|S. Rajendran
|NCO
|10,719
|---
|[[Valangiman (State Assembly Constituency)|Valangiman]]
|[[N. Somasundaram]]
|DMK
|V. Thangavelu
|NCO
|14,168
|---
|[[Valparai (State Assembly Constituency)|Valparai]]
|[[E. Ramaswamy]]
|DMK
|M. Kuppuswamy
|NCO
|24,051
|---
|[[Vandavasi (State Assembly Constituency)|Vandavasi]]
|[[V. Rajagopal]]
|DMK
|D. Dasarathan
|NCO
|17,987
|---
|[[Vaniyambadi (State Assembly Constituency)|Vaniyambadi]]
|[[M. A. Latheef]]
|IND
|R. C. Samanna Gounder
|NCO
|8,817
|---
|[[Vanur (State Assembly Constituency)|Vanur]]
|[[N. Muthuvel]]
|DMK
|A. Venkatachalam
|NCO
|14,815
|---
|[[Varahur (State Assembly Constituency)|Varahur]]
|[[K. Palanivelan]]
|DMK
|K. C. Periyasamy
|NCO
|16,690
|---
|[[Vasudevanallur (State Assembly Constituency)|Vasudevanallur]]
|[[A. Velladurai]]
|DMK
|A. Gopa Thevar
|NCO
|8,785
|---
|[[Vedaranyam (State Assembly Constituency)|Vedaranyam]]
|[[M. Meenakshi Sundaram]]
|DMK
|P. C. Velayudhan
|NCO
|24,309
|---
|[[Vedasandur (State Assembly Constituency)|Vedasandur]]
|[[P. Muthusamy]]
|DMK
|S. Nanjunda Rao
|NCO
|13,739
|---
|[[Veerapandy (State Assembly Constituency)|Veerapandy]]
|[[Veerapandy S. Arumugam|S. Arumugam]]
|DMK
|T. V. Thirumalai
|NCO
|22,920
|---
|[[Vellakoil (State Assembly Constituency)|Vellakoil]]
|[[M. Palanisamy]]
|DMK
|S. M. Ramasamy Gounder
|IND
|25,836
|---
|[[Vellore (State Assembly Constituency)|Vellore]]
|[[Ma. Pa. Sarathy]]
|DMK
|A. K. Lalalajapathy
|NCO
|6,567
|---
|[[Vilathikulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Vilathikulam]]
|[[M. Rathinasabapathy]]
|DMK
|K. Subba Reddiar
|NCO
|10,486
|---
|[[Vilavancode (State Assembly Constituency)|Vilavancode]]
|[[R. Ponnappan Nadar]]
|NCO
|G. Gnanaraj Christopher
|DMK
|20,969
|---
|[[Villupuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Villupuram]]
|[[M. Shanmugam]]
|DMK
|V. P. Sarangapani Gounder
|NCO
|7,276
|---
|[[Viralimalai (State Assembly Constituency)|Viralimalai]]
|[[V. S. Lenchezhiyan]]
|DMK
|A. Karuppiah Udayar
|NCO
|11,539
|---
|[[Virudhunagar (State Assembly Constituency)|Virudhunagar]]
|[[P. Seenivasan]]
|DMK
|V. Seenivasaga Naidu
|SWA
|1,577
|---
|[[Vridachalam (State Assembly Constituency)|Vridachalam]]
|[[M. Selvaraj]]
|DMK
|B. Thiyagarajan
|NCO
|7,198
|---
|[[Washermanpet (State Assembly Constituency)|Washermanpet]]
|[[M. Vedachalam]]
|DMK
|Ananthan
|NCO
|6,758
|---
|[[Yercaud (State Assembly Constituency)|Yercaud]]
|[[V. Chinnusamy]]
|DMK
|K. Chinna Gounden
|NCO
|10,378
|}

== See also ==
*[[Elections in Tamil Nadu]]
*[[Legislature of Tamil Nadu]]
*[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]

==Footnotes==
<references/>

==External links==
* [http://eci.nic.in/ Election Commission of India]

{{Tamil Nadu assembly elections|state=expanded}}

[[Category:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]

Sumedh Singh Saini

2026-03-29T04:41:05Z

Ieagle: Creating Some Biography Initial Version

{{short description|Indian police chief}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox police officer
|honorific_prefix =
|name = Sumedh Singh Saini
|known_for = Former Director General of Police (DGP) of Punjab Police
|service_label = Police service
|service = Indian Police Service (IPS)
|allegiance = India
|department = Punjab Police
|service_years = 1982 - 2015
|rank = Director General of Police (DGP)
|awards = Punjab Gallantry Award (1987)
|other_work = Chairman of the Police Housing Corporation (after DGP post)
|website =
|module =
}}
'''Sumedh Singh Saini''' is an Indian police officer, and the former [[Director general of police]] (DGP) of [[Punjab Police (India)|Punjab Police]].

== Career ==
Sumedh Saini joined the [[Indian Police Service]] (IPS) in 1982 and progressed to serve six districts as [[Senior Superintendent of Police]] (SSP) <ref>{{cite news |title=Punjab gets new DGP, chief secretary |agency=TNN |date=15 March 2012 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Punjab-gets-new-DGP-chief-secretary/articleshow/12269955.cms |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120701141409/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-15/india/31196727_1_chief-secretary-punjab-chief-commissioner |url-status=live |archive-date=1 July 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref> before succeeding [[Anil Kaushik]] as the Director-General of Police (DGP) for the Indian State of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] on 15 March 2012. He is heading the State Police out of the seven Directors General in the State. The appointment made him the youngest DGP in India.<ref name=ie20120316>{{cite news |title=At 54, Saini youngest DGP |first=Harpreet |last=Bajwa |date=16 March 2012 |publisher=Indian Express |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/At-54--Saini-youngest-DGP/924296/ |accessdate=2012-03-29 |archive-date=2023-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824083834/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/at-54-saini-youngest-dgp/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Appointed very soon after a new government had been formed, involving the [[Shiromani Akali Dal]] (SAD) and [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP), Saini was tasked with reducing crime and inhibiting the activities of people involved in the drug trade. Although supported by the [[Chief Minister]], [[Parkash Singh Badal]], the BJP claimed that the decision to appoint was a unilateral one and that they were not consulted.<ref name=toi2012-316 /> ''[[The Times of India]]'' noted at the time of his promotion that Saini "... has been in and out of controversies — within the service he has his detractors as well as ardent followers in equal number besides a dedicated fan following among policemen who fought during terrorism."<ref name=toi2012-316 />

Saini has been a prominent figure in the efforts to maintain law and order in Punjab, in particular during a period in the 1980s and 1990s when terrorist activity was prevalent.<ref name=ht20090605 /> In 1987, Saini won the highest award of Punjab for gallantry, in recognition of his leadership in operations against [[Khalistani]] insurgents, and in 1991 he had been injured in an assassination attempt made in [[Chandigarh]] by the same insurgents.<ref name=ie20120316 /><ref name=toi2012-316>{{cite news |title=New DGP shakes up Punjab police with transfers |agency=TNN |date=16 March 2012 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/New-DGP-shakes-up-Punjab-police-with-transfers/articleshow/12284107.cms |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104020941/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-16/india/31200576_1_punjab-dgp-new-dgp-sumedh-singh-saini |url-status=live |archive-date=4 January 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2012-03-29}}</ref>

In 2005 he was described as a [[Dirty Harry]] figure who inspires fear in those whom he seeks to bring to justice. His methods have attracted complaints and caused him to be reported for alleged breaches of human rights, and he has also faced trial as a consequence of the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] (CBI) linking him as the prime suspect in the alleged disappearance and murder of three men. The CBI investigation was deemed to be unlawful by the [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] in December 2011<ref>{{cite news |title=Dirty Harrys Thrive in Amarinder Regime |first=Vikram Jit |last=Singh |publisher=Tehelka |date=10 September 2005 |url=http://www.tehelka.com/story_main14.asp?filename=Ne091005Dirty_Harrys.asp |accessdate=2012-03-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=The Hindu |date=11 December 2011 |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/article2705519.ece |title=Refrain from ordering roving CBI inquiries, High Courts told |accessdate=2012-03-29}}</ref> but court proceedings were still ongoing in 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Papers in abduction case against DGP tampered with: CBI|agency=The Tribune|date=4 May 2014|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20140504/punjab.htm#2|access-date=18 July 2015|archive-date=4 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804071116/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20140504/punjab.htm#2|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Businessman barges into courtroom, alleges danger from Punjab Vigilance chief =The Tribune|date=8 August 2010|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2010/20100708/main4.htm|access-date=18 July 2015|archive-date=21 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721215428/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2010/20100708/main4.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

Saini is also associated with the death of Balwant Singh Multani case and facing trial even till date
His activities in corruption investigations have won praise, in particular a 2002 case that involved the Punjab Public Service Commissioner and various High Court judges.<ref name=ht20090605>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Saini-judiciary-s-bugbear/Article1-418042.aspx |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126080243/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Saini-judiciary-s-bugbear/Article1-418042.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 January 2013 |title=Saini, judiciary's bugbear |first=Ramesh |last=Vinayak |date=5 June 2009 |publisher=Hindustan Times |accessdate=2012-03-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailypost.in/editor-s-pick/53631-top-cop-saini-whom-detractors-and-critics-found-difficult-to-dislodge|title=Top cop Saini whom detractors and critics found difficult to dislodge|date=7 December 2015|publisher=Daily Post India|accessdate=2015-12-07|archive-date=2015-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151213011907/http://www.dailypost.in/editor-s-pick/53631-top-cop-saini-whom-detractors-and-critics-found-difficult-to-dislodge|url-status=live}}</ref>

Saini was transferred from his post as DGP in October 2015, allegedly after pressure was put on the state government by the [[Government of India]]. He became chairman of the Police Housing Corporation, and his successor as DGP was announced as being [[Suresh Arora]]. Concern had been expressed about the police reaction to anti-desecration protests at the village of [[Behbal Kalan]], in [[Faridkot district]], which had led to the deaths of two protestors and left several others injured.<ref>{{cite news |work=The Tribune |date=25 October 2015 |title=Sumedh Saini removed as Punjab Police chief |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/sumedh-saini-removed-as-punjab-police-chief/150358.html |accessdate=2018-04-07 |archive-date=2018-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408073856/http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/sumedh-saini-removed-as-punjab-police-chief/150358.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |work=The Tribune |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/sacrilege-probe-saini-fails-to-appear-before-commission/493864.html |title=Sacrilege probe: Saini fails to appear before commission |date=7 November 2017 |accessdate=2018-04-07 |archive-date=2018-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408073808/http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/sacrilege-probe-saini-fails-to-appear-before-commission/493864.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[K. P. S. Gill]]
*[[Sadhu Ram Chaudhari]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Saini, Sumedh Singh}}
[[Category:Indian police chiefs]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian Police Service officers]]
[[Category:People from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Human rights abuses in India]]
[[Category:Insurgency in Punjab]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian civil servants]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian civil servants]]

Abhijeet Dhananjay Patil

2026-03-28T02:54:01Z

Ieagle: added new article.

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Abhijeet (Aaba) Patil
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1983|08|01|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Madha]], [[Solapur district]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| education =
| occupation = Politician
| party = [[Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)]]
| relatives =
| office = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = (2024-Present)
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Babanrao Vitthalrao Shinde]]
| successor =
| constituency = [[Madha Assembly constituency|Madha]]
}}
'''Abhijeet Dhananjay Patil''' (born 1983)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Abhijeet Dhananjay Patil(NCP-Sharadchandra Pawar):Constituency- MADHA(SOLAPUR) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/Maharashtra2024/candidate.php?candidate_id=3027 |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=myneta.info}}</ref> is an Indian politician from [[Maharashtra]]. He is an MLA from [[Madha Assembly constituency]] in [[Solapur district]]. He won the [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] representing the Nationalist Congress Party (SP).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-23 |title=Madha (Maharashtra) Assembly Election Results 2024 Live: Winner, Runner-up, Candidates List |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/madha-maharashtra-assembly-election-results-2024-live-winner-runner-up-candidates-9685040/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Madha Constituency Election Results 2024: Madha Assembly Seat Details, MLA Candidates & Winner |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/maharashtra/constituency-show/madha |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Patil is from Madha, Solapur district, Maharashtra. He is the son of Dhananjay Vitthalrao Patil. He studied Class 10 at Dhyanodyog Secondary and Higher Secondary School, Yermala and passed the examinations in 2008.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Patil won from Madha Assembly constituency representing [[Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar|Nationalist Congress Party (SP)]] in the 2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election.<ref>{{Cite web |last=टीम |first=एबीपी माझा वेब |date=2024-11-23 |title=माढ्यात धक्कादायक निकाल लागण्याची शक्यता, अभिजीत पाटलांची निर्णायक आघाडी, रणजित शिंदे पिछाडीवर |url=https://marathi.abplive.com/elections/maharashtra-vidhansabha-election-result-2024-abhijit-patil-of-sharad-pawar-group-is-leading-from-madha-assembly-constituency-independent-candidate-ranjit-shinde-is-trailing-1328335 |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=marathi.abplive.com |language=mr}}</ref> He polled 136,559 votes and defeated his nearest rival and son of sitting MLA Vitthalrao Sinde, Ranjit Babanrao Shinde, an [[independent politician]], by a margin of 30,621 votes, thus ending the six term reign on the constituency by NCP leader, [[Babanrao Vitthalrao Shinde]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Madha Election Result 2024 LIVE: Abhijeet Dhananjay Patil of NCPSP Wins |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/madha-election-result-2024-live-leading-winner-mla-9130192.html |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-23 |title=Madha, Maharashtra Assembly Election Results 2024 Highlights: NCP (SP)'s Abhijeet Dhananjay Patil wins Madha with 136559 votes |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/story/madha-maharashtra-assembly-election-results-2024-live-updates-maelb-2638374-2024-11-23 |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-23 |title=Madha, Maharashtra Election Results 2024 Highlights: Madha निर्वाचन क्षेत्र में Abhijeet Dhananjay Patil ने 30621 वोटों से दर्ज की जीत |url=https://www.aajtak.in/elections/assembly-chunav/story/madha-maharashtra-assembly-election-results-2024-live-updates-maelb-2103922-2024-11-23 |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=आज तक |language=hi}}</ref> Minaltai Dadasaheb Sathe, his [[Nationalist Congress Party]] rival, finished only third, with 13,381 votes.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-11-23 |title=Maharashtra Assembly Results 2024 {{!}} Who is leading in the NCP battle? |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/maharashtra-assembly/maharashtra-assembly-results-2024-who-is-leading-in-the-ncp-battle/article68901235.ece |access-date=2024-12-03 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name="Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Madha">{{cite news |date=23 November 2024 |title=Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Madha |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S13245.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250113044246/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S13245.htm |archive-date=13 January 2025 |access-date=13 January 2025}}</ref><ref name="Madha Constituency Election Results 2024">{{cite news |date=23 November 2024 |title=Madha Constituency Election Results 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/maharashtra/constituency-show/madha |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250113044356/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/maharashtra/constituency-show/madha |archive-date=13 January 2025 |access-date=13 January 2025 |publisher=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Patil, Abhijeet Dhananjay}}

[[Category:1983 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar politicians]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:People from Solapur district]]
{{Authority control}}

Faisalabad District

2026-03-26T09:10:07Z

Ieagle: updated page

{{Short description|District in Punjab, Pakistan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Faisalabad District
| official_name =
| native_name = {{Nastaliq|ضلع فیصل آباد}}
| native_name_lang = [[Punajbi language|Punjabi]] and [[Urdu]]
| other_name = Lyallpur District
| settlement_type = [[List of districts in Punjab, Pakistan|District]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
|size = 250
|photo1a = University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.jpg
|photo2a = Gat wala lake16.jpg
}}
| image_caption = Top: University of Agriculture, [[Faisalabad]] Bottom: Gat Wala Lake
| image_map = Pakistan - Punjab - Faisalabad.svg
| mapsize =
| map_caption = Faisalabad District highlighted within Punjab Province
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|31|25|05.10|N|73|04|39.27|E|region:PK|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Pakistan
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Pakistan|Province]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Divisions of Pakistan|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Faisalabad Division|Faisalabad]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Faisalabad]]
| parts_type = Number of [[List of tehsils of Punjab, Pakistan|Tehsils]]
| parts = 6
| leader_party =
| government_type = District Administration
| leader_title = [[Deputy Commissioner (Pakistan)|Deputy Commissioner]]
| leader_name = Captain (R) Nadeem Nasir<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.urdupoint.com/en/pakistan/dc-directs-polio-teams-to-remain-active-for-a-1629453.html|title=DC Directs Polio Teams To Remain Active For Achieving Target|date=21 January 2023|access-date=22 January 2023|work=[[UrduPoint]]}}</ref>
| leader_title1 = District Police Officer
| leader_name1 = Kamran Adil
| leader_title2 = District Health Officer
| leader_name2 = N/A
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 5857
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2023census"/>
| population_total = 9075819
| population_as_of = 2023
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban = 4,392,979 (48.40%)
| population_rural = 4,682,840 (51.60%)
| demographics_type1 = Literacy
| demographics1_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/table_12_punjab_districts.pdf |title= Literacy rate, enrolments, and out-of-school population by sex and rural/urban, CENSUS-2023}}</ref>
| demographics1_title1 = Literacy rate
| timezone1 = [[Time in Pakistan|PST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5
| area_code = 041
| blank_name_sec1 = Languages
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Urdu]]
| website = {{URL|faisalabad.punjab.gov.pk}}
| demographics1_info1 = {{bulleted list
|'''Total:''' (73.41%)
|'''Male:''' (77.34%)
|'''Female:''' (69.11%)
}}
}}

'''Faisalabad District''' ('''Lyallpur District''' until 1979)<ref name=PGH>{{cite web|url=http://punjab.gov.pk/faisalabad_history|title=History of Faisalabad|work=Punjab Portal website|access-date=13 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018214515/http://punjab.gov.pk/faisalabad_history|archive-date=18 October 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> ([[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] and {{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|ضلع فیصل آباد}}}}) is one of the [[Districts of Pakistan|districts]] of [[Punjab, Pakistan]]. According to the 2023 census of Pakistan it had a population of 9,075,819, of which 3,691,999 were in [[Faisalabad|Faisalabad City]]. It is the third largest city of Pakistan after [[Karachi]] and [[Lahore]].<ref>[http://www.urckarachi.org/Population%20Table-5.htm Urban Resource Centre (1998 census details)] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060513113007/http://www.urckarachi.org/Population%20Table-5.htm |date=13 May 2006 }}</ref>

After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the [[Muslim]] refugees from [[Punjab, India|Eastern Punjab]] and [[Haryana]] settled in the Faisalabad District. It initially lacked industry, hospitals and universities. Since independence, there has been industrial growth, and the city's population is continually growing. Notable industry in the district include but not limited to Textile (spinning, weaving, printing, dying, stitching), Chemicals (acids, caustics, industrial gases, potash, chlorides, etc.), consumer goods (soaps, vegetable oil, detergents), Engineering (light electrical equipment, engineering goods), Metals & Metallurgy (steels, alloys) and Power (power equipment, power production).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fcci.com.pk/a-histroty-of-faisalabad-city.html |title=A Histroty of Faisalabad City |access-date=2023-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522231138/http://www.fcci.com.pk/a-histroty-of-faisalabad-city.html |archive-date=2017-05-22 |url-status=dead|website=Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry website}}</ref>

Initially a part of [[Jhang District]], it gained the status of a separate district in 1904.<ref name="1998census">{{Cite book| title = 1998 District Census report of Faisalabad| location = Islamabad| publisher = Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan| series = Census publication | volume = 116| date = 2000}}</ref> In 1982 [[Toba Tek Singh District]] (until then a Tehsil of Faisalabad District) was created as a separate district from Faisalabad. {{As of| 2006}}, it is a [[City Districts of Pakistan|City-District]] consisting of the city of [[Faisalabad]] and its surrounding areas.<ref name="NRB">{{cite web |title=Towns & Unions in the City District of Faisalabad |url=http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=8&dn=Faisalabad |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326133048/http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=8&dn=Faisalabad |archive-date=26 March 2012 |access-date=13 April 2023 |website=National Reconstruction Bureau, Government of Pakistan website}}</ref>

==Administrative divisions==
Faisalabad District is part of [[Faisalabad Division]]. In 2005 Faisalabad was reorganized as a [[City Districts of Pakistan|City-District]]. It comprises six [[Tehsils]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://punjab.gov.pk/faisalabad|title=Faisalabad, Punjab Portal|website=punjab.gov.pk|access-date=3 March 2021|archive-date=16 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316001427/https://www.punjab.gov.pk/faisalabad|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="NRB" />

{{static row numbers}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-hash"
!Tehsil<ref>[http://www.ecp.gov.pk/content/District.html Divisions/Districts of Pakistan] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060930093025/http://www.ecp.gov.pk/content/District.html|date=2006-09-30}} Note: Although divisions as an administrative structure has been abolished, the election commission of Pakistan still groups districts under the division names</ref>
!Area
(km2)<ref>{{Cite web |title=TABLE 1 : AREA, POPULATION BY SEX, SEX RATIO, POPULATION DENSITY, URBAN POPULATION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE AND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, CENSUS-2023, PUNJAB |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_1.pdf}}</ref>
!Pop.
(2023)
!Density
(ppl/km2)

(2023)
!Literacy rate
(2023)<ref>{{Cite web |title=LITERACY RATE, ENROLMENT AND OUT OF SCHOOL POPULATION BY SEX AND RURAL/URBAN, CENSUS-2023 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/table_12_punjab_districts.pdf}}</ref>
!Union Councils
|-
|[[Chak Jhumra]]<ref name="NRB" />
|654
|385,169
|588.94
|70.56%
|...
|-
|[[Faisalabad City Tehsil|Faisalabad City]]<ref name="PBS" />
|168
|3,691,999
|21,976.18
|81.59%
|...
|-
|[[Faisalabad Sadar Tehsil|Faisalabad Sadar]]<ref name="PBS" />
|1,186
|1,742,958
|1,469.61
|71.25%
|...
|-
|[[Jaranwala Tehsil|Jaranwala]]<ref name="NRB" />
|1,811
|1,731,148
|955.91
|66.32%
|...
|-
|[[Samundri Tehsil|Samundri]]<ref name="NRB" />
|754
|729,672
|967.73
|75.99%
|...
|-
|[[Tandlianwala Tehsil|Tandlianwala]]<ref name="NRB" />
|1,284
|794,873
|619.06
|52.83%
|...
|}

== Demographics ==
=== Population ===
{{Historical populations
|align=left
|percentages=pagr
|1951 |1548689
|1961 |1990297
|1972 |3163756
|1981 |3561909
|1998 |5429547
|2017 |7882444
|2023 |9075819
|footnote= Sources:<ref>{{cite web |title=Population by administrative units 1951-1998 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/1998/administrative_units.pdf |publisher = [[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>}}

As of the [[2023 Pakistani census|2023 census]], Faisalabad district had 1,382,773 households and a population of 9,075,819 which is roughly equal to the population of [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]], [[California]], [[United States|USA]]. The district had a sex ratio of 108.92 males to 100 females and a literacy rate of 73.41%: 77.34% for males and 69.11% for females.<ref name="2023table1">{{cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 1 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_1.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref><ref name="2023table12">{{cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 12 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/table_12_punjab_district.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref> 2,200,114 (24.27% of the surveyed population) were under 10 years of age.<ref name="2023table5">{{cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 5 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_5.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]] |publisher=}}</ref> 4,392,979 (48.40%) lived in urban areas.<ref name="2023table1" />

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Total Population according to censuses
!Administrative Unit
!1981<ref name="census1951-1998"/>
!1998<ref name="census1951-1998">{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population_census/Administrative%20Units.pdf|title=1951-1998 censuses|website=pbs.gov.pk|access-date=3 March 2021}}</ref>
!2017<ref name=PBS>{{cite web|url=http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/sites/default/files/bwpsr/punjab/FAISLABAD_SUMMARY.pdf|title=District And Tehsil Level Population Summary With Region Breakup (Faisalabad District)|website=Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Government of Pakistan website|access-date=13 April 2023|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123193016/http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/sites/default/files/bwpsr/punjab/FAISLABAD_SUMMARY.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2018}}</ref>
!2023<ref name="2023census">{{cite web |date=2023 |title=TABLE 1 : HOUSEHOLDS, POPULATION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE AND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/Punjab.pdf |website=www.pbscensus.gov.pk |publisher=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[Chak Jhumra Tehsil|Chak Jhumra]]
|202,078
|253,806
|332,461
|385,169
|-
|[[Faisalabad City Tehsil|Faisalabad City]]
|1,181,562
|2,140,346
|3,238,841
|3,691,999
|-
|[[Faisalabad Sadar Tehsil|Faisalabad Sadar]]
|666,023
|924,110
|1,465,411
|1,742,958
|-
|[[Jaranwala Tehsil|Jaranwala]]
|747,890
|1,054,698
|1,492,276
|1,731,148
|-
|[[Samundri Tehsil|Samundri]]
|378,302
|515,785
|643,068
|729,672
|-
|[[Tandlianwala Tehsil|Tandlianwala]]
|386,054
|540,802
|702,733
|794,873
|-
|'''Faisalabad District'''
|'''3,561,909'''
|'''5,429,547'''
|'''7,874,790'''
|'''9,075,819'''
|}

=== Religion ===

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Faisalabad district (2023)<ref name="religion2023"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float = right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Punjabi Muslims|Islam]]|green|96.48}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Punjab, Pakistan|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|3.40}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.12}}
}}Islam is followed by majority of the district's population. Christians form 3.4% of population. Hindus formed a small minority population of 2,150 people.<ref name="language2023" /> The Sita Ram temple is a Hindu temple near Jhang Bazaar region in the district. However the temple is currently neglected and deteriorated. The Hindu community has been demanding the reopening of the shrine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=सिंह |first=अनिल |date=2024-01-03 |title=पाकिस्तान में हैं कितने राम मंदिर, जानें कब और कैसे हुआ था निर्माण, आज क्या है स्थिति{{!}} Navbharat Live |url=https://navbharatlive.com/india/ram-mandir-in-pakistan-know-the-condition-of-ram-temple-in-pakistan-851900.html |access-date=2026-02-20 |website=Navabharat |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Virdee |first=Pippa |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/From_the_Ashes_of_1947/WYJIDwAAQBAJ?hl=en |title=From the Ashes of 1947 |date= |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-108-42811-8 |pages=152 |language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religion in contemporary Faisalabad District
! rowspan="2" |[[Religion in Pakistan|Religious]] group
! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="Census1941" />
! colspan="2" |2017<ref name="Census2017B">{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/final-results-census-2017|title=Final Results (Census-2017)|access-date=29 March 2024}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2023<ref name = "religion2023">{{Cite web |date=2023 |title=TABLE 9 : POPULATION BY SEX, RELIGION AND RURAL/URBAN, CENSUS - 2023 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_9.pdf |access-date=2 Aug 2024 |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
|[[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
|606,374
|{{Percentage | 606374 | 999900 | 2 }}
|7,606,012
|{{Percentage | 7606012 | 7882444 | 2 }}
|8,746,155
|{{Percentage | 8746155 | 9065306 | 2 }}
|-
|[[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
|209,504
|{{Percentage | 209504 | 999900 | 2 }}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|243
|~{{Percentage | 243 | 9065306 | 2 }}
|-
|[[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]{{efn|name=ad-dharmi|1931-1941: Including [[Ad-Dharmi]]s}}
|148,484
|{{Percentage | 148484 | 999900 | 2 }}
|598
|{{Percentage | 598 | 7882444 | 2 }}
|2,150
|{{Percentage | 2150 | 9065306 | 2 }}
|-
|[[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
|35,341
|{{Percentage | 35341 | 999900 | 2 }}
|264,677
|{{Percentage | 264677 | 7882444 | 2 }}
|308,580
|{{Percentage | 308580 | 9065306 | 2 }}
|-
|[[Ahmadiyya in Pakistan|Ahmadiyya]] [[File:Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya_1-2.svg|15x15px]]
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|10,959
|{{Percentage | 10959 | 7882444 | 2 }}
|7,630
|{{Percentage | 7630 | 9065306 | 2 }}
|-
|Others
|197
|{{Percentage | 197 | 999900 | 2 }}
|198
|{{Percentage | 198 | 7882444 | 2 }}
|545
|{{Percentage | 545 | 9065306 | 2 }}
|-
!Total Population
!999,900
!{{Percentage | 999900 | 999900 | 2 }}
!7,882,444
!{{Percentage | 7882444 | 7882444 | 2 }}
!9,065,306
!{{Percentage | 9065306 | 9065306 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="7" | {{small|Note: 1941 census data is for Lyallpur, Samundri and Jaranwala tehsils of erstwhile Lyallpur district, which roughly corresponds to contemporary Faisalabad district. District and tehsil borders have changed since 1941.}}
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religious groups in Faisalabad District ([[British Punjab province]] era)
! rowspan="2" |[[Religion in Pakistan|Religious]] group
! colspan="2" |1901<ref name="Census1901">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25363739 |jstor=saoa.crl.25363739 |access-date=29 March 2024 |title=Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province. |year=1901 |pages=34}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1911<ref name="Census1911">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393788 |jstor=saoa.crl.25393788 |access-date=29 March 2024 |title=Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables. |year=1911 |pages=27}}</ref><ref name="Census1911B">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.62718 |access-date=23 March 2024 |title=Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II |year=1911 |pages=27 |author=Kaul, Harikishan}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1921<ref name="Census1921">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25430165 |jstor=saoa.crl.25430165 |access-date=29 March 2024 |title=Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 2, Tables. |year=1921 |pages=29}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1931<ref name="Census1931">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25793242 |jstor=saoa.crl.25793242 |access-date=29 March 2024 |title=Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables. |year=1931 |pages=277}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="Census1941">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215541 |jstor=saoa.crl.28215541 |access-date=29 March 2024 |title=Census of India, 1941. Vol. 6, Punjab |year=1941 |pages=42}}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
! [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
| 484,657
| {{Percentage | 484657 | 791861 | 2 }}
| 524,288
| {{Percentage | 524288 | 857711 | 2 }}
| 594,917
| {{Percentage | 594917 | 979463 | 2 }}
| 720,996
| {{Percentage | 720996 | 1151351 | 2 }}
| 877,518
| {{Percentage | 877518 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]{{efn|name=ad-dharmi|1931-1941: Including [[Ad-Dharmi]]s}}
| 210,459
| {{Percentage | 210459 | 791861 | 2 }}
| 154,603
| {{Percentage | 154603 | 857711 | 2 }}
| 181,488
| {{Percentage | 181488 | 979463 | 2 }}
| 173,344
| {{Percentage | 173344 | 1151351 | 2 }}
| 204,059
| {{Percentage | 204059 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
| 88,049
| {{Percentage | 88049 | 791861 | 2 }}
| 146,670
| {{Percentage | 146670 | 857711 | 2 }}
| 160,821
| {{Percentage | 160821 | 979463 | 2 }}
| 211,391
| {{Percentage | 211391 | 1151351 | 2 }}
| 262,737
| {{Percentage | 262737 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
| 8,672
| {{Percentage | 8672 | 791861 | 2 }}
| 32,023
| {{Percentage | 32023 | 857711 | 2 }}
| 42,004
| {{Percentage | 42004 | 979463 | 2 }}
| 45,518
| {{Percentage | 45518 | 1151351 | 2 }}
| 51,948
| {{Percentage | 51948 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Jainism]] [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|15px]]
| 23
| {{Percentage | 23 | 791861 | 2 }}
| 125
| {{Percentage | 125 | 857711 | 2 }}
| 231
| {{Percentage | 231 | 979463 | 2 }}
| 95
| {{Percentage | 95 | 1151351 | 2 }}
| 35
| {{Percentage | 35 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Zoroastrianism]] [[File:Faravahar.svg|15px]]
| 1
| {{Percentage | 1 | 791861 | 2 }}
| 2
| {{Percentage | 2 | 857711 | 2 }}
| 2
| {{Percentage | 2 | 979463 | 2 }}
| 7
| {{Percentage | 7 | 1151351 | 2 }}
| 6
| {{Percentage | 6 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Buddhism]] [[File:Dharma_Wheel_(2).svg|15px]]
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 791861 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 857711 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 979463 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 1151351 | 2 }}
| 2
| {{Percentage | 2 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Judaism]] [[File:Star_of_David.svg|15px]]
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 791861 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 857711 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 979463 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 1151351 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|-
! Others
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 791861 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 857711 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 979463 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 1151351 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|-
! Total population
! 791,861
! {{Percentage | 791861 | 791861 | 2 }}
! 857,711
! {{Percentage | 857711 | 857711 | 2 }}
! 979,463
! {{Percentage | 979463 | 979463 | 2 }}
! 1,151,351
! {{Percentage | 1151351 | 1151351 | 2 }}
! 1,396,305
! {{Percentage | 1396305 | 1396305 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="11" | {{small|Note1: [[British Punjab province]] era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province region]] during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. Note2: District formerly inscribed as the ''[[Punjab Canal Colonies#Chenab Colony|Chenab Colony]]'' on the 1901 census, later renamed to [[Lyallpur District]], created between [[Jhang District]], [[Gujranwala District]], [[Lahore District]], [[Montgomery District]], and [[Multan District]] to account for the large population increase in the region, primarily due to the [[Punjab Canal Colonies#Chenab Colony|Chenab Canal Colony]]. Note3: Formerly known as [[Lyallpur District]], prior to district renaming in 1979.}}
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religion in the [[Tehsil]]s of Faisalabad District (1921)<ref name="Census1921"/>
! rowspan="2" |[[Tehsil]]
! colspan="2" |[[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Jainism]] [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |Others{{efn|name=othersC|Including [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Tribal religions in India|Tribals]], others, or not stated}}
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
! Lyallpur Tehsil
| 187,702
| {{Percentage | 187702 | 344852 | 2 }}
| 73,359
| {{Percentage | 73359 | 344852 | 2 }}
| 65,389
| {{Percentage | 65389 | 344852 | 2 }}
| 18,347
| {{Percentage | 18347 | 344852 | 2 }}
| 53
| {{Percentage | 53 | 344852 | 2 }}
| 2
| {{Percentage | 2 | 344852 | 2 }}
! 344,852
! {{Percentage | 344852 | 344852 | 2 }}
|-
! Samundri Tehsil
| 155,680
| {{Percentage | 155680 | 224806 | 2 }}
| 35,477
| {{Percentage | 35477 | 224806 | 2 }}
| 26,531
| {{Percentage | 26531 | 224806 | 2 }}
| 7,017
| {{Percentage | 7017 | 224806 | 2 }}
| 101
| {{Percentage | 101 | 224806 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 224806 | 2 }}
! 224,806
! {{Percentage | 224806 | 224806 | 2 }}
|-
! Toba Tek Singh Tehsil
| 148,015
| {{Percentage | 148015 | 232426 | 2 }}
| 38,853
| {{Percentage | 38853 | 232426 | 2 }}
| 31,832
| {{Percentage | 31832 | 232426 | 2 }}
| 13,680
| {{Percentage | 13680 | 232426 | 2 }}
| 46
| {{Percentage | 46 | 232426 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 232426 | 2 }}
! 232,426
! {{Percentage | 232426 | 232426 | 2 }}
|-
! Jaranwala Tehsil
| 103,520
| {{Percentage | 103520 | 177379 | 2 }}
| 33,799
| {{Percentage | 33799 | 177379 | 2 }}
| 37,069
| {{Percentage | 37069 | 177379 | 2 }}
| 2,960
| {{Percentage | 2960 | 177379 | 2 }}
| 31
| {{Percentage | 31 | 177379 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 177379 | 2 }}
! 177,379
! {{Percentage | 177379 | 177379 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="15" | {{small|Note: [[British Punjab province]] era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province region]] during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.}}
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religion in the [[Tehsil]]s of Faisalabad District (1941)<ref name="Census1941"/>
! rowspan="2" |[[Tehsil]]
! colspan="2" |[[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]{{efn|name=ad-dharmi}}
! colspan="2" |[[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Jainism]] [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |Others{{efn|name=othersB|Including [[Anglo-Indian people|Anglo-Indian Christians]], [[British Christianity|British Christians]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Tribal religions in India|Tribals]], others, or not stated}}
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
! Lyallpur Tehsil
| 221,333
| {{Percentage | 221333 | 405973 | 2 }}
| 73,400
| {{Percentage | 73400 | 405973 | 2 }}
| 89,629
| {{Percentage | 89629 | 405973 | 2 }}
| 21,500
| {{Percentage | 21500 | 405973 | 2 }}
| 34
| {{Percentage | 34 | 405973 | 2 }}
| 77
| {{Percentage | 77 | 405973 | 2 }}
! 405,973
! {{Percentage | 405973 | 405973 | 2 }}
|-
! Samundri Tehsil
| 217,359
| {{Percentage | 217359 | 300544 | 2 }}
| 33,860
| {{Percentage | 33860 | 300544 | 2 }}
| 40,690
| {{Percentage | 40690 | 300544 | 2 }}
| 8,629
| {{Percentage | 8629 | 300544 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 300544 | 2 }}
| 6
| {{Percentage | 6 | 300544 | 2 }}
! 300,544
! {{Percentage | 300544 | 300544 | 2 }}
|-
! Toba Tek Singh Tehsil
| 271,144
| {{Percentage | 271144 | 396405 | 2 }}
| 55,575
| {{Percentage | 55575 | 396405 | 2 }}
| 53,233
| {{Percentage | 53233 | 396405 | 2 }}
| 16,353
| {{Percentage | 16353 | 396405 | 2 }}
| 1
| {{Percentage | 1 | 396405 | 2 }}
| 99
| {{Percentage | 99 | 396405 | 2 }}
! 396,405
! {{Percentage | 396405 | 396405 | 2 }}
|-
! Jaranwala Tehsil
| 167,682
| {{Percentage | 167682 | 293383 | 2 }}
| 41,224
| {{Percentage | 41224 | 293383 | 2 }}
| 79,185
| {{Percentage | 79185 | 293383 | 2 }}
| 5,212
| {{Percentage | 5212 | 293383 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 293383 | 2 }}
| 80
| {{Percentage | 80 | 293383 | 2 }}
! 293,383
! {{Percentage | 293383 | 293383 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="15" | {{small|Note1: [[British Punjab province]] era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province region]] during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. Note2: [[Tehsil]] religious breakdown figures for Christianity only includes local Christians, labeled as "Indian Christians" on [[Census in British India|census]]. Does not include [[Anglo-Indian people|Anglo-Indian Christians]] or [[British Christianity|British Christians]], who were classified under "Other" category.}}
|}

=== Language ===

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages of Faisalabad district (2023)<ref name="language2023"/>
|label1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] |value1 = 94.13 |color1 = red
|label2 = [[Urdu]] |value2 = 4.49 |color2 = green
|label3 = [[Pashto]] |value3 = 0.64 |color3 = lightgreen
|label4 = Others |value4 = 0.74 |color4 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2023 census, 94.13% of the population spoke [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], 4.49% [[Urdu]], and 0.64% [[Pashto]] as their first language.<ref name = "language2023">{{Cite web |date=2023 |title=TABLE 11 : POPULATION BY MOTHER TONGUE, SEX AND RURAL/URBAN, CENSUS-2023 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_11.pdf |access-date=2 Aug 2024 |website=Pakistan Bureau of Statistics}}</ref>

==Transportation==

===Rail===
{{Main|Faisalabad railway station}}

===Air===
{{Main|Faisalabad International Airport}}

== Electricity supplier ==
The electricity supply in Faisalabad District is managed by the [[Faisalabad Electric Supply Company]].

== Education ==
* [[Government College University Faisalabad]]
* [[University of Agriculture, Faisalabad]]

==Notable people==


*[[Om P. Bahl]], an Indian-American [[molecular biologist]], academic and was known for his studies on [[Human chorionic gonadotropin]], popularly known as the pregnancy hormone
*[[Abid Sher Ali]], Pakistan Muslim League (N) worker born in Faisalabad.
*[[Rana Sanaullah]], former PPP and current Pakistan Muslim League (N) worker born in Faisalabad.
*[[Talal Chaudhry|Talal Chuadhry]], Pakistan Muslim League (N) worker born in Faisalabad.
*[[Mian Abdul Bari]], Pakistan Movement activist and politician.
*[[Lal Chand Yamla Jatt]], a noted Indian Punjabi-language [[folk singer]], considered by many to have laid the foundation of contemporary [[Punjabi music]] in India
*[[Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan]], a famous singer and musician, born in Faisalabad.
*[[Arjan Singh]], a senior [[air officer]] and the first and only officer of the [[Indian Air Force]] (IAF) to be promoted to five-star rank as [[Marshal of the Indian Air Force]]
*[[Bhagat Singh]], a famous Indian [[revolutionary]] and freedom fighter
*[[Harkishan Singh]], a well recognized [[pharmaceutical]] academic, [[medicinal chemistry]] researcher and [[science historian]]

==See also==
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Faisalabad Division]]
* [[Faisalabad Arts Council]]
* [[Khanewal–Wazirabad Branch Line]]
* [[Gatwala Wildlife Park]]
* [[Iqbal Stadium]]
{{Div col end}}
{{Clear}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
{{notelist}}

== External links ==
{{Wikivoyage|Faisalabad}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060813061805/http://faisalabad.gov.pk/ Faisalabad City District]
* [http://www.punjab.gov.pk/ Punjab Government website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510003636/http://www.punjab.gov.pk/ |date=10 May 2015 }}

{{Neighbourhoods of Faisalabad}}
{{Geographic location
|Centre = Faisalabad District
|North = [[Chiniot District]]
|Northeast = [[Hafizabad District]]
|East = [[Nankana Sahib District]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Sahiwal District]]
|Southwest = [[Toba Tek Singh District]]
|West =
|Northwest =
}}
{{Districts of Punjab (Pakistan)}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Faisalabad District| ]]
[[Category:Faisalabad]]
[[Category:Districts of Punjab, Pakistan]]

Ajay Devgn

2026-03-25T18:25:47Z

Ieagle: brief reworked article for consistency and improved wording

{{Short description|Indian film actor, director and producer (born 1969)}}
{{Redirect|Devgn|other uses|Devgan}}
{{pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ajay Devgn
| image = Ajay Devgn at the trailer launch of Raid 2.jpg
| caption = Devgn in 2025
| birth_name = Vishal Virender Devgan
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1969|04|02|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[New Delhi]], India
| education = [[Mithibai College]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|producer|director}}
| years_active = 1991–present
| works = [[Ajay Devgn filmography|Full list]]
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Kajol]]|1999}}
| children = 2
| father = [[Veeru Devgan|Virender "Veeru" Devgan]]
| family = {{hlist|[[Devgan family|Devgan]]|[[Mukherjee-Samarth family|Mukherjee]]}}
| awards = [[List of awards and nominations received by Ajay Devgn|Full list]]
| honours = [[Padma Shri]] (2016)
| website = {{URL|ajaydevgnffilms.com}}
}}

'''Vishal Virender "Ajay" Devgan''' (born 2 April 1969) is an Indian actor, film director and producer who works in [[Hindi]] films.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vishal Virender Devgan |url=https://www.thecompanycheck.com/people-profile/vishal-virender-devgan/associated-company-shares/01606535 |website=The Company Check}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=VISHAL VIRENDER DEVGAN {{!}} ZaubaCorp |url=https://www.zaubacorp.com/VISHAL-VIRENDER-DEVGAN-01606535 |access-date=30 July 2025 |website=ZaubaCorp}}</ref><ref name="Vishal">{{Cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/140318/ajay-devgn-jail-bars-real-name-vishal-akshay-phool-kante-unknown-facts.html |title=Ajay Devgn says he's been put behind bars twice, reveals why he changed his real name |date=14 March 2018 |website=Deccan Chronicle |access-date=14 December 2018}}</ref> He has appeared in over [[Ajay Devgn filmography|100 films]] and has won [[List of awards and nominations received by Ajay Devgn|numerous accolades]], including four [[National Film Awards]] and four [[Filmfare Awards]]. In 2016, he was honoured by the [[Government of India]] with the [[Padma Shri]], the country's fourth-highest civilian honour.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/deeply-humbled-elated-to-receive-padma-shri-ajay-devgn/articleshow/50718277.cms|title=Deeply humbled, elated to receive Padma Shri: Ajay Devgn|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 January 2017|access-date=18 March 2022}}</ref>

Devgn made his film debut with the action romance ''[[Phool Aur Kaante]]'' (1991), which established him as a leading star.<ref>{{cite web |author=Sampurn Wire |title=Ajay Devgan a versatility expert |url=http://thaindian.com/newsportal/entertainment/ajay-devgn-a-versatility-expert_100376547.html |publisher=Thaindian.com |access-date=7 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222045130/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/entertainment/ajay-devgn-a-versatility-expert_100376547.html |archive-date=22 February 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He went on to star in action films such as ''[[Jigar]]'' (1992), ''[[Vijaypath]]'' (1994), ''[[Dilwale (1994 film)|Dilwale]]'' (1994), ''[[Jaan (1996 film)|Jaan]]'' (1996), ''[[Major Saab]]'' (1998) and ''[[Kachche Dhaage]]'' (1999), as well as romantic films including ''[[Ishq (1997 film)|Ishq]]'' (1997), ''[[Pyaar To Hona Hi Tha]]'' (1998) and ''[[Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam]]'' (1999).<ref name=bo25y>{{cite web|url=https://filminformation.com/featured/flashback-13-october-2023-from-our-issue-dated-17th-october-1998/|title=Blockbusters Of Twenty-Five Years (1973–1997)|date=13 October 2023}}</ref> His dramatic performance in ''[[Zakhm]]'' (1998) earned him the [[National Film Award for Best Actor]].<ref name="46thaward">{{cite web|url=http://dff.nic.in/images/Documents/71_46thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=46th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=2 September 2020|archive-date=25 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725173819/http://dff.nic.in/images/Documents/71_46thNfacatalogue.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the 2000s, Devgn gained critical acclaim with films such as ''[[Company (2002 film)|Company]]'' (2002), ''[[The Legend of Bhagat Singh]]'' (2002), ''[[Deewangee]]'' (2002), ''[[Gangaajal]]'' (2003), ''[[Khakee (film)|Khakee]]'' (2004), ''[[Raincoat (film)|Raincoat]]'' (2004), ''[[Apaharan]]'' (2005) and ''[[Omkara (2006 film)|Omkara]]'' (2006).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2002/oct/25dee.htm|title=The Rediff Review: Deewangee|website=Rediff.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/from-the-india-today-archives-2002-ajay-devgn-directors-delight-2701804-2025-03-31|title=From the India Today archives (2002) - Ajay Devgn: Director's delight|date=1 July 2002|website=[[India Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/lists/lists/the-10-best-performances-of-ajay-devgn-ranked|title=The 10 Best Performances of Ajay Devgn, Ranked|date=30 October 2024|website=Hollywood Reporter India}}</ref> For portraying [[Bhagat Singh]] in ''The Legend of Bhagat Singh'', he received his second National Film Award for Best Actor and the [[Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor]].<ref name="National Awards">{{Cite web |title=50th National Film Awards Function 2003 |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm50NFAAward.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180319021843/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm50NFAAward.aspx |archive-date=19 March 2018 |access-date=19 March 2018 |publisher=[[Directorate of Film Festivals]] |format=PDF |pages=32–33, 72–73 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Filmfare Nominees and Winners |url=https://sites.google.com/site/deep750/FilmfareAwards.pdf?attredirects=0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019034032/https://sites.google.com/site/deep750/FilmfareAwards.pdf?attredirects=0 |archive-date=19 October 2015 |access-date=19 March 2018 |website=Filmfare |format=PDF |pages=113–116}}</ref>

Devgn saw a commercial resurgence in the 2010s with films such as ''[[Golmaal 3]]'' (2010), ''[[Raajneeti]]'' (2010), ''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]'' (2010), ''[[Singham]]'' (2011), ''[[Bol Bachchan]]'' (2012), ''[[Son of Sardaar]]'' (2012), ''[[Singham Returns]]'' (2014), ''[[Drishyam (2015 film)|Drishyam]]'' (2015), ''[[Golmaal Again]]'' (2017), ''[[Raid (2018 film)|Raid]]'' (2018), ''[[Total Dhamaal]]'' (2019), ''[[Shaitaan (2024 film)|Shaitaan]]'' (2024) and ''[[Raid 2 (film)|Raid 2]]'' (2025).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajay Devgn Filmography |url=https://boxofficeindia.com/actor.php?actorid=44 |access-date=23 November 2020 |website=Box Office India}}</ref> His highest-grossing releases include ''[[Tanhaji]]'' (2020), ''[[Drishyam 2 (2022 film)|Drishyam 2]]'' (2022) and ''[[Singham Again]]'' (2024), though the latter underperformed at the box office.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=9134|title=Raid 2 Worldwide And Overseas Collections - 200 Crore Plus|date=22 May 2025|website=Box Office India}}</ref> For playing the title role in ''Tanhaji'', he won his third National Film Award for Best Actor.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/soorarai-pottru-dominates-68th-national-film-awards/article65671204.ece | title=68th National Film Awards: ''Soorarai Pottru'' wins Best Film award | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | date=22 July 2022 }}</ref>

Devgn owns the production company [[Ajay Devgn FFilms]], established in 1999.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://devgnfilms.com/|title=Home|website=Ajay Devgn FFilms}}</ref> He frequently collaborates with filmmaker [[Rohit Shetty]] and is married to actress [[Kajol]], with whom he has two children.

== Early life and background ==

Devgn was born Vishal Virender Devgan on 2 April 1969 to a [[Punjabi Hindu]] family originally from [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab, India]].<ref name="ajy">{{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/nov/30ajay.htm |title="Ajay Devgn: I am a reserved person."}} Rediff.com 31 December 2004. Accessed 30 July 2011.</ref> The family has connections to the [[Hindi film industry]] in [[Mumbai]]. Devgn's father, [[Veeru Devgan|Virender "Veeru" Devgan]], was a [[Stage combat|stunt choreographer]] and [[Action film|action-film]] director and his mother, Veena Devgan, is a film producer. His cousin, [[Anil Devgan]], was a filmmaker and screenwriter. Devgn graduated from the Silver Beach High School in [[Juhu]] and then studied at [[Mithibai College]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Kapoor |first=Diksha |title=PTC Punjabi- Live Gurbani {{!}} World's No.1 Punjabi Entertainment Channel |url=https://www.ptcpunjabi.co.in/happy-50th-birthday-ajay-devgn-5-iconic-movies-that-made-him-the-star |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=[[PTC Punjabi]] |date=2 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ajay Devgn: Lesser known facts |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/photo-features/ajay-devgn-lesser-known-facts/photostory/39351815.cms |website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=30 December 2022}}</ref>

== Personal life ==

=== Relationships and family ===
[[File:Kajol and Ajay Devgn promoting Tanhaji (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.2|alt=Photograph of Kajol and Ajay Devgn.|Devgn with his wife Kajol in 2020]]
Devgn began a relationship with the actress [[Karisma Kapoor]] while filming ''[[Jigar]]'' (1992), however, the couple ended their relationship in 1995.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/CEL-when-ajay-devgn-left-karisma-kapoor-and-married-kajol-4305245-PHO.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130706001754/http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/CEL-when-ajay-devgn-left-karisma-kapoor-and-married-kajol-4305245-PHO.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 July 2013 |title=When Ajay Devgn left Karisma Kapoor and married Kajol |work=Daily Bhaskar |date=July 2013 |access-date=1 May 2016}}</ref> That same year, Devgn's relationship with the actress, [[Kajol]], began whilst they were co-starring in ''[[Gundaraj]]'' (1995).<ref name="India Today (2006)">{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/films/story/20060522-kajol-returns-to-unsettle-bollywood-reigning-deities-783023-2006-05-21 |title="After motherhood, Kajol returns in a role designed to unsettle filmdom's reigning deities." |access-date=9 December 2012 |archive-date=5 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005183624/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kajol-returns-to-unsettle-bollywood-reigning-deities/1/181245.html |url-status=live }} India Today 22 May 2006.</ref> The media called them "an unlikely pair" due to their contrasting personalities.<ref name="Rediff (2011)">{{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-happiest-marriages-in-bollywood/20110523.htm |title="The Happiest marriages in Bollywood."}} Rediff.com 23 March 2011. Accessed 4 June 2012.</ref><ref name="Tribune India (2003)">{{cite web |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030427/spectrum/main5.htm |title="Bonding of the bubbly belle & the brooder."}} Tribune India.com 27 April 2003. Accessed 3 June 2010.</ref> On 24 February 1999, the couple married in a traditional Maharashtrian [[Hindu wedding|Hindu ceremony]] at the Devgan home.<ref name="Srnivasan (1999)">Srnivasan V. {{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/1999/feb/25kaj.htm |title="Quietly were they wed."}} Rediff.com 25 February 1999. Accessed 4 June 2012.</ref><ref name="Bhattacharya (2010)">Bhattacharya R. {{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/chunk-ht-ui-homepage-tab3-02/Kajol-Ajay-the-perfect-couple/515850/H1-Article1-513911.aspx |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125065853/http://www.hindustantimes.com/chunk-ht-ui-homepage-tab3-02/Kajol-Ajay-the-perfect-couple/515850/H1-Article1-513911.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-01-25 |title="Kajol, Ajay the perfect couple."}} Hindustan Times.com 28 February 2010. Accessed 4 June 2012.</ref> The couple has two children. Their daughter, Nysa, was born 20 April 2003<ref name="Times of India (2003)">{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Kajol-delivers-baby-girl/articleshow/43996894.cms |title="Kajol delivers baby girl." |work=The Times of India |date=20 April 2003 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002172623/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-04-20/news-interviews/27274297_1_baby-girl-kajol-first-child |archive-date=2 October 2013}} Times of India.com 20 April 2003 Accessed 4 June 2012.</ref> and their son, Yug, was born 13 September 2010.<ref name="Times of India (2010)">{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Kajol-Ajay-welcome-baby-boy/articleshow/6545239.cms |title="Kajol, Ajay welcome baby boy." |work=The Times of India |date=13 September 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002111149/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-13/news-interviews/28265481_1_baby-boy-ajay-devgn-congrats-ajay |archive-date=2 October 2013}} Times of India 13 September 2010. Accessed 4 June 2002.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://tribuneindia.com/2003/20030427/spectrum/main5.htm |title="It takes two tango bonding of the bubbly belle & the brooder." |access-date=25 August 2010 |archive-date=7 May 2003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030507210902/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030427/spectrum/main5.htm |url-status=dead }} The Sunday Tribune.com, India 27 April 2003. Accessed 27 April 2003.</ref><ref name="Tribune India (2003)" /> Devgn and Kajol stored their newborn son's umbilical cord blood and tissues to act as a source of stem cells in case of serious ailment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bolly.sawfnews.com/actor.aspx?id=2 |title="Ajay Devgan's life." |access-date=13 September 2012 |archive-date=18 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120818162212/http://bolly.sawfnews.com/actor.aspx?id=2 |url-status=usurped }} Sawfnews.com</ref>

=== Religion ===
He is a practising [[Shaivism|Shaiva]] [[Hindu]] who prominently wears a [[rudraksha]] which, along with other religious themes, features in his films.<ref>{{cite web |title=Insight Into Religious Views |work=dailybhaskar |date=19 January 2013 |url=https://mdaily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-ajay-devgn-conducts-shiv-puja-in-jaipur-with-kajol-4153558-NOR.html/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401215231/https://mdaily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-ajay-devgn-conducts-shiv-puja-in-jaipur-with-kajol-4153558-NOR.html/|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 April 2019}} – Account of Religious Practices</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Reliable Account of Personal Life |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-om-namah-shivaya-for-ajay-devgn-and-sanjay-dutt-1652427/}} – Religious Information</ref><ref>Ghose D. {{cite web |title="Happy Birthday, Ajay Devgan; Golmaal Returns." |url=http://www.bollywoodmantra.com/news/happy-birthday-ajay-devgan/8799/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614202838/https://www.bollywoodmantra.com/news/happy-birthday-ajay-devgan/8799/ |archive-date=14 June 2021 |access-date=9 April 2013}} Bollywoodmantra.com 1 April 2012.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title="Ajay devgn gets birthday surprise on Rock 'n Roll sets." |url=http://sawfnews.com/bollywood/49497.aspx |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120715102213/http://sawfnews.com/bollywood/49497.aspx |archive-date=15 July 2012 |access-date=25 August 2010}} Sawfnews.com Accessed 1 April 2008.</ref><ref>Sinha S. {{cite news |date=November 2009 |title="xtra-marital affairs happen: Ajay Devgn." |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Extra-marital-affairs-happen-Ajay-Devgn/articleshow/5185495.cms |website=[[The Times of India]]}} The Times of India 1 November 2009. Accessed 21 October 2010.</ref>

He visits [[Ajmer Sharif]], a [[Sufi shrine]], every year, and says that he also keeps the [[Fasting during Ramadan|Ramadan fast]] as a sign of [[Secularism in India|secularism]] and respect when he's with a Muslim artist or crew staff during a film shooting.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chaturvedi |first=Anshul |date=29 January 2017 |title=Ajay Devgn: I can vouch for the entire industry ' we don't remember our religion on set |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ajay-devgn-i-can-vouch-for-the-entire-industry-we-dont-remember-our-religion-on-set/articleshow/55070885.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241211103927/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ajay-devgn-i-can-vouch-for-the-entire-industry-we-dont-remember-our-religion-on-set/articleshow/55070885.cms |archive-date=11 December 2024 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

=== Name change ===
In August 2009, Devgn changed the spelling of his surname [[Devgan]] to ''Devgn'', at the request of his family.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/movies/happy-birthday-ajay-devgn-did-you-know-why-actor-changed-his-name-before-his-debut-in-hindi-cinema-8832937.html|title=Happy Birthday Ajay Devgn: Did You Know Why Actor Changed His Name Before His Debut in Hindi Cinema?|date=2 April 2024}}</ref>

== Career ==
{{See also|Ajay Devgn filmography|List of awards and nominations received by Ajay Devgn|l2=awards and nominations}}

=== Rise to prominence (1991–1999) ===
As Devgn entered the film industry in 1991, he changed his stage name from his birth name, Vishal, to "Ajay" due to several other actors named Vishal being launched at the same time, including [[Manoj Kumar]]'s son.<ref name="Vishal" /> He began his professional career alongside [[Madhoo]] in the action romance ''[[Phool Aur Kaante]]'', which earned him the [[Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut]].<ref name="Box Office (1991)">{{cite web |url=http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=197&catName=MTk5MQ%3D%3D |title="Box Office 1991.' |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=197&catName=MTk5MQ%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}} Box Office India.com Accessed 10 January 2007</ref><ref>Wire S. {{cite web |url=http://thaindian.com/newsportal/entertainment/ajay-devgn-a-versatility-expert_100376547.html |title="Ajay Devgan a versatility expert." |access-date=20 October 2012 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222045130/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/entertainment/ajay-devgn-a-versatility-expert_100376547.html |url-status=dead }} Thaindian.com Accessed 7 June 2010.</ref><ref name="1992 BO">{{cite web |title="Box Office 1992." |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=198&catName=MTk5Ng%3D%3D |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=198&catName=MTk5Ng%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}} Box Office India.com Accessed 10 January 2009.</ref> In his opening scene, Devgn performed a [[Split (gymnastics)|split]] while balancing between two motorcycles. His next film was ''[[Jigar]]'' (1992), a Bollywood [[martial arts film]] co-starring [[Karisma Kapoor]]. It was released on [[Diwali]] weekend and became the seventh-highest-grossing film of that year, taking {{INRConvert|7|c}} at the [[box office]].<ref name="1992 BO" />

In 1993, Devgn starred in ''[[Dil Hai Betaab]]'', a film about a revengeful love triangle. He next featured in ''[[Divya Shakti]]'' and then ''[[Sangram (1993 film)|Sangram]]'', a story of enmity between two fathers.<ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=199&catName=MTk5Mw%3D%3D |title="Box Office 1993." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=199&catName=MTk5Mw%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}} Box Office India.com 1993</ref> Devgn then worked with [[Deepak Bahry]], who directed the action film ''[[Ek Hi Raasta (1993 film)|Ek Hi Raasta]]'',<ref name="ReferenceC" /> and with Deepak Pawar, who directed ''[[Platform (1993 film)|Platform]]''. Other releases that year were ''[[Shaktiman (1993 film)|Shaktiman]]'', ''[[Dhanwan (1993 film)|Dhanwan]]'' and ''Bedardi''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shaktimaan - Movie - Box Office India |url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=3896 |website=[[Box Office India]] |access-date=30 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dhanwaan Movie: Review {{!}} Release Date (1993) {{!}} Songs {{!}} Music {{!}} Images {{!}} Official Trailers {{!}} Videos {{!}} Photos {{!}} News |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/dhanwan-2/ |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=10 December 1993 |access-date=30 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Bedardi Movie: Showtimes, Review, Trailer, Posters, News & Videos {{!}} eTimes |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-details/bedardi/movieshow/61319356.cms |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=12 November 1993}}</ref>

In 1994, Devgn starred in [[Harry Baweja]]'s romantic action film ''[[Dilwale (1994 film)|Dilwale]]''. He played the part of Arun Saxena, a man with intellectual impairment. It was the [[List of Hindi films of 1994|tenth-highest-grossing film of the year]].<ref name="boxofficeindia1">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=200&catName=MTk5NA%3D%3D |title="Box Office 1994." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=200&catName=MTk5NA%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}} Box Office India.com.</ref> His next release was ''[[Kanoon]]'' and then [[Kuku Kohli]]'s ''[[Suhaag (1994 film)|Suhaag]]'' with [[Akshay Kumar]]. The film was about two friends. Devgn played Ajay Sharma/Malhotra. ''Suhaag'' was the seventh-highest-grossing film of the year.<ref name="boxofficeindia1" /> His next film was ''[[Vijaypath]]''. Shooting dates for ''Vijaypath'' clashed with those of ''[[Karan Arjun]]'' which Devgn declined. ''Vijaypath'' was the eighth-highest-grossing film of the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=3090|title=Vijaypath - Movie - Box Office India|website=boxofficeindia.com}}</ref>

In 1995, Devgn appeared alongside [[Juhi Chawla]] in [[Mahesh Bhatt]]'s ''[[Naajayaz]]'', which earned him his first nomination for the [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor]], followed by ''[[Hulchul (1995 film)|Hulchul]]'' directed by [[Milan Luthria]], alongside [[Kajol]].<ref name="boxofficeindia2">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=201&catName=MTk5NQ%3D%3D |title="Box Office 1995." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=201&catName=MTk5NQ%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}} Box Office India.com.</ref> Devgn and Kajol then appeared in ''[[Gundaraj]]'' which did not perform well at the box office.<ref name="boxofficeindia2" /> His next release was ''[[Haqeeqat (1995 film)|Haqeeqat]]'' co-starring [[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]].<ref name="boxofficeindia2" /> This film was the eleventh-highest-grossing film of the year.<ref name="boxofficeindia2" />

In 1996, Devgn starred in the [[action film]] ''[[Jung (1996 film)|Jung]]'' with [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Rambha (actress)|Rambha]] and [[Aditya Pancholi]]. His next release was an action movie called ''[[Jaan (film)|Jaan]]'',<ref name="boxofficeindia3">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=202&catName=MTk5Ng%3D%3D |title="Box Office 1996." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=202&catName=MTk5Ng%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}} Box Office India.com.</ref> with [[Twinkle Khanna]]. He then starred in [[Harry Baweja]]'s film ''[[Diljale]]'', where he played a terrorist named Shaka.<ref name="boxofficeindia3" />

In 1997, Devgn starred in the poorly-received, ''[[Itihaas (1997 film)|Itihaas]]'', with Twinkle Khanna. His next release was [[Indra Kumar]]'s romantic comedy ''[[Ishq (1997 film)|Ishq]]'' with [[Aamir Khan]], [[Juhi Chawla]] and [[Kajol]]. In this successful film, Devgn played Ajay, a rich boy in love with a poor girl, played by Kajol.<ref name="1997 BO" /> The film grossed {{INRConvert|30|c}} and emerged as the fourth-highest-grossing film of the year.<ref name="1997 BO">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=203&catName=MTk5Ng== |title="Box Office 1997." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124132838/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=203&catName=MTk5Ng== |archive-date=24 January 2012}} Box Office India.com Accessed 10 January 2007.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=203&catName=MTk5Nw%3D%3D |title="Box Office 1997." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=203&catName=MTk5Nw%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}} Box Office India.com.</ref>

In 1998, Devgn starred in ''[[Major Saab]]'' with [[Amitabh Bachchan]] and [[Sonali Bendre]] where he played the character of an army officer. It was a hit and the tenth-highest-grossing film of the year.<ref name="boxofficeindia4">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=204&catName=MTk5OA== |title=Box Office 1998 |website=Box Office India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=204&catName=MTk5OA%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}}</ref> He next starred with Kajol in [[Anees Bazmee]]'s second film, the romantic comedy ''[[Pyaar To Hona Hi Tha]]'', a remake of the 1995 American film ''[[French Kiss (1995 film)|French Kiss]]''. It grossed {{INRConvert|38.27|c}} at the box office and emerged a superhit.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=2548|title=Pyaar To Hona Hi Tha – Movie|publisher=[[Box Office India]]|access-date=12 September 2022|archive-date=12 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912202957/https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=2548|url-status=live}}</ref> Devgn's next release was [[Mahesh Bhatt]]'s drama ''[[Zakhm]]'', which examines communal tension in Mumbai during the [[Bombay riots|1993 Bombay riots]]. Devgn played a man who is fed up with religious conflict. Devgn won several awards for his critically acclaimed performance, including the [[National Film Award for Best Actor]] and the [[Screen Award for Best Actor]], in addition to his second nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indicine.com/movies/bollywood/screen-awards-best-actor-history/ |title=Screen Awards Best Actor: History |publisher=Indicine.com |date=20 January 2012}}</ref>

In 1999, Devgn starred in the musical romance ''[[Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam]]'', in which he played Vanraj, a man who tries to help his wife ([[Aishwarya Rai]]) reunite with her lover ([[Salman Khan]]). ''Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam'' marked a significant turning point in Devgn's career. The film, an adaptation of [[Maitreyi Devi]]'s Bengali novel ''[[Na Hanyate]]'', was directed by [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]] and co-starred [[Salman Khan]] and [[Aishwarya Rai]]. Devgn's performance received positive reviews from critics. ''[[Rediff]]'' said: "Ajay's role reminds you of one he did in another film, ''Pyaar Toh Hona Hi Tha''. There he is searching for the boyfriend of the girl he secretly loves. But intense scenes are his forte and he does well here. He's particularly good in the scene where he gets exasperated with his wife's stubbornness and strives to keep his cool."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/entertai/1999/jun/17hum.htm |title=Rediff on the NeT, Movies: The review of Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam |work=Rediff.com |date=17 June 1999}}</ref> The film proved to be a commercial success and earned Devgn his third nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor. After that, he appeared in ''[[Hindustan Ki Kasam (1999 film)|Hindustan Ki Kasam]]'' with Amitabh Bachchan and Sonali Bendre.<ref name="boxofficeindia5">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=205&catName=MTk5OQ== |title=Box Office 1999 |website=Box Office India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=205&catName=MTk5OQ%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}}</ref> He then worked with the director Milan Luthria in ''[[Kachche Dhaage]]'', with [[Saif Ali Khan]] and [[Manisha Koirala]]. It was a box-office hit.<ref name="boxofficeindia5" /> He then performed in another successful film ''[[Hogi Pyaar Ki Jeet]]'', a romantic comedy;<ref name="boxofficeindia5" /> and then in his home production with Kajol and director [[Prakash Jha]], titled ''[[Dil Kya Kare]]''. His other movies in 1999 were ''[[Gair (film)|Gair]]'' and ''[[Thakshak]]'' in which he played a strong, silent man.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gair |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/gair |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=30 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chopra |first=Anupama |author-link=Anupama Chopra |title=Movie review: Thakshak, starring Ajay Devgan, Tabu, Rahul Bose |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/films/story/19991213-movie-review-thakshak-starring-ajay-devgan-tabu-rahul-bose-781386-1999-09-12 |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=[[India Today]] |date=December 13, 1999 |language=en}}</ref>

=== Career fluctuations and critical acclaim (2000–2009) ===

Devgn began the new decade with two biggies, ''[[Deewane]]'' and ''[[Raju Chacha]]'' (which he also produced).<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=7 November 2000 |title=Raju Chacha may be most expensive Bollywood film ever |url=https://rediff.com/movies/2000/nov/08raju.htm |access-date=10 January 2025 |website=Rediff.com}}</ref> Both the films opened to mixed critical reception, but proved to be box office flops.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=340|title=Deewane Movie – Box Office India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Raju Chacha – Movie |url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=754 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912205025/https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=754 |archive-date=12 September 2022 |access-date=12 September 2022 |publisher=[[Box Office India]]}}</ref> The downturn continued in 2001 with all three of his releases, including ''[[Yeh Raaste Hain Pyaar Ke]]'', ''[[Lajja (film)|Lajja]]'' and ''[[Tera Mera Saath Rahen]]'' failing to do well commercially.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=675|title=Yeh Raaste Hain Pyaar Ke - Movie - Box Office India|website=www.boxofficeindia.com|access-date=11 August 2018|archive-date=11 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180811132935/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=675|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=667|title=Lajja – Movie|publisher=Box Office India}}</ref>

2002 proved to be a key year for Devgn as he starred in three films of contrasting genres. He first appeared in [[Ram Gopal Varma]]'s ''[[Company (2002 film)|Company]]'' which was a fictional examination of the [[Mumbai underworld]]. The film proved to be a moderate commercial success and Devgn's performance received critical acclaim.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=600|title=Company – Movie|publisher=Box Office India}}</ref><ref name="jyoti">{{Cite web |last=Shukla |first=Jyoti |date=12 April 2002 |title=And Company belongs to |url=http://m.rediff.com/movies/2002/apr/12comp.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220230326/http://m.rediff.com/movies/2002/apr/12comp.htm |archive-date=20 December 2018 |access-date=20 December 2018 |website=Rediff.com}}</ref> As [[Taran Adarsh]] reviewed: "Devgn enacts his role to perfection. A controlled performance, the actor takes to this complex character like a fish takes to water. He underplays his part with admirable ease."<ref>Adarsh T. {{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/55963 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121218174413/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/55963 |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 December 2012 |title="Company (2002)."|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] }} Bollywood Hungama.com.</ref> Devgn's next release was [[David Dhawan]]'s comedy ''[[Hum Kisise Kum Nahin (2002 film)|Hum Kisise Kum Nahin]]'', with [[Amitabh Bachchan]], [[Sanjay Dutt]] and [[Aishwarya Rai]].<ref name="2002 BO">{{cite web |title="Box Office 2002." |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=208&catName=MjAwMA== |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117054557/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=208&catName=MjAwMA== |archive-date=17 January 2012}} Box Office India.com Accessed 10 January 2007.</ref> The same year, he played the role of [[Bhagat Singh]], in [[Rajkumar Santoshi]]'s biopic ''[[The Legend of Bhagat Singh]]''.<ref name="smashits">Jindani A. {{cite web |url=http://smashits.com/news/bollywood/movie-talk/1495/ajay-to-play-coveted-shaheed-bhagat-singh-role.html |title="Ajay to play coveted shaheed bhagat singh role." |access-date=9 September 2010 |archive-date=16 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716093536/http://smashits.com/news/bollywood/movie-talk/1495/ajay-to-play-coveted-shaheed-bhagat-singh-role.html |url-status=dead }} Smashits.com.</ref> His performance was well received by critics. Taran Adarsh said, "Devgn has lived the role. To state that he is excellent would be an understatement. His performance is bound to win admiration from audience, besides fetching awards."<ref>Adarsh T. {{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/201789 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102043413/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/201789 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 November 2013 |title="The Legend of Bhagat Singh (2002)."|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] }} Bollywood Hungama.com.</ref> The film was released on 7 June 2002 and went on to win two [[National Film Awards]], including the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi]], and three [[Filmfare Awards]], including the [[Filmfare Critics Award for Best Film|Filmfare Award for Best Film (Critics)]]. Despite these awards, and Devgn winning his second [[National Film Award for Best Actor]] for his performance, the film was a box office disaster.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ramesh Taurani reveals they lost Rs 22 crore on Ajay Devgn starrer 'The Legend Of Bhagat Singh' despite the National Award: 'Company ki economy hil jaati hai' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ramesh-taurani-reveals-they-lost-rs-22-crore-on-ajay-devgn-starrer-the-legend-of-bhagat-singh-despite-the-national-award-company-ki-economy-hil-jaati-hai/articleshow/111808769.cms |website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=21 July 2024 |date=18 July 2024 |archive-date=21 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240721052806/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ramesh-taurani-reveals-they-lost-rs-22-crore-on-ajay-devgn-starrer-the-legend-of-bhagat-singh-despite-the-national-award-company-ki-economy-hil-jaati-hai/articleshow/111808769.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Devgn then went on to perform in [[Anees Bazmee]]'s ''[[Deewangee]]'' which was partially inspired by [[William Diehl]]'s novel, ''[[Primal Fear (novel)|Primal Fear]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/entertai/2002/oct/21anees.htm|title=Movies: The Anees Bazmee Interview|website=[[Rediff.com]]|access-date=21 October 2002|quote=Is Deewangee adapted from Primal Fear? No, it is not. I was inspired by Primal Fear.}}</ref> He jointly won the [[Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor|Filmfare Award for Best Actor (Critics)]] for his performance in ''Company'' and ''The Legend of Bhagat Singh'', in addition to receiving his fourth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for the former. For his performance in ''Deewangee'', he received several awards including the [[Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role|Filmfare Award for Best Villain]], the [[Screen Award for Best Actor in a Negative Role|Screen Award for Best Villain]] and the [[Zee Cine Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role|Zee Cine Award for Best Villain]].

In 2003, Devgn starred in Ram Gopal Verma's horror film ''[[Bhoot (film)|Bhoot]]'', opposite [[Urmila Matondkar]]. The film was appreciated critically and emerged a hit at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=519|title=Bhoot - Movie - Box Office India|website=Boxofficeindia.com|access-date=16 November 2021}}</ref> He then starred in the action thriller ''[[Qayamat: City Under Threat]]'' with the debutante actress, [[Neha Dhupia]], which proved to be an average fare.<ref>{{cite web|title=Qayamat|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=513|publisher=[[Box Office India]]|access-date=1 May 2017}}</ref> Devgn next performed in Milan Luthria's romantic film ''[[Chori Chori (2003 film)|Chori Chori]]'', opposite [[Rani Mukherji]] and [[Sonali Bendre]]. This film did not succeed at the box office.<ref name="2003 BO">{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=209&catName=MjAwMA%3D%3D |title="Box Office 2003." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=209&catName=MjAwMA%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}} Box Office India.com Accessed 10 January 2007.</ref> Devgn's next release of the year was [[Prakash Jha]]'s ''[[Gangaajal]]''. The film was set in the time of the [[1980 Bhagalpur blindings]] in [[Bihar]]. Rediff.com said, "Ajay Devgan pulls up an ace with a part tailormade to reinforce his seething-under-the-surface angry hero image. To his credit (and the director's), he brings style and grace to a largely stereotypical, righteous protagonist. To a great extent, his presence covers up the film's patchiness in the second half."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/aug/29gangaa.htm |title="Another ace for Ajay!"}} Rediff.com Accessed 29 August 2003.</ref> Devgn received his fifth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for his performance in the film. He concluded the year with [[Rohit Shetty]]'s directorial debut, the actioner ''[[Zameen (2003 film)|Zameen]]'' and [[J. P. Dutta]]'s [[war film]] ''[[LOC Kargil]]'' about the [[Kargil War]].<ref>Verma S. {{cite web |url=http://rediff.com/movies/2003/sep/25rohit.htm |title="Directed by Rohit Shetty!"}} Rediff.com 25 September 2003.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=LOC KARGIL (2003) |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b8878b620 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819125555/https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b8878b620 |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 August 2019 |website=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=30 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2004, Devgn was cast with [[Amitabh Bachchan]], Aishwarya Rai and [[Akshay Kumar]] in Rajkumar Santoshi's action thriller ''[[Khakee (film)|Khakee]]''. The film was released on 23 January 2004. It received positive reviews and became one of the highest-grossing films of 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=210&catName=MjAwNA%3D%3D |title="Box Office 2004." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121001213/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=210&catName=MjAwNA%3D%3D |archive-date=21 January 2011}} Box Office India.com.</ref> In ''Khakee'', Devgn once again played a villain. His performance as a police officer turned murderer was well received by critics. Taran Adarsh said: "Ajay Devgan adds yet another feather in his cap with a performance that could've been played only by a master performer. His confrontations with Amitabh Bachchan are exemplary."<ref>Adarsh T. {{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/54532 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831153633/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/54532 |url-status=dead |archive-date=31 August 2012 |title="Khakee (2004)."|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] }} Bollywood Hungama.com.</ref> He received his second nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Villain for his performance in the film. Devgn then appeared in [[Indra Kumar]]'s highly successful [[Sexual comedy|sex comedy]] ''[[Masti (2004 film)|Masti]]'' and [[Mani Ratnam]]'s critically acclaimed [[Political fiction|political action]] film ''[[Yuva]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0382383/ |title="Yuva (2004)" |website=[[IMDb]]}}. 22 May 2004.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bollywood-inspired-IITians-eyeing-polls/articleshow/1260234.cms |title=Bollywood-inspired IITians eyeing polls.' |work=The Times of India |date=18 January 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018162148/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-01-18/india/27887602_1_iitians-bharat-punarnirman-dal-politics |archive-date=18 October 2012}} The Times of India.com 18 January 2007 Accessed 30 July 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/yuva/ |title="Yuva." |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]}} Rotten Tomatoes.com. Accessed 30 July 2011.</ref> He next collaborated with [[Rituparno Ghosh]] in the relationship drama ''[[Raincoat (film)|Raincoat]]'', with Aishwaraya Rai. The film is an adaptation of [[O. Henry]]'s ''[[The Gift of the Magi]]''. ''Raincoat'' met with wide critical acclaim and won the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi]].<ref name="Rediff 2004">{{cite web |url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/2004/dec/24rain.htm |title="Rain coat is simply beautiful." |access-date=17 February 2013 |archive-date=6 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090406050743/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2004/dec/24rain.htm |url-status=dead }} Rediff.com Accessed 9 March 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://in.rediff.com/movies/2004/dec/24rain.htm |title="Rain coat is simply beautiful." |newspaper=Rediff |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090406050743/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2004/dec/24rain.htm |archive-date=6 April 2009 |last1=Verma |first1=Sukanya }} Archive.org 6 April 2009.</ref> Devgn was praised for his performance. Rediff said: "Hesitation, desperation, humiliation – Ajay Devgn conveys them eloquently. His Manoj is no cool dude, but just another lower middle-class guy in misery, with whom none would like to switch place. He particularly stands out in the scenes where he cries in the bathroom, or begs Neeru not to marry someone else."<ref name="Rediff 2004" />

2005 was a less successful year for Devgn, with five of his films not proving to be successful at the box office. They included ''[[Insan]]'', ''[[Blackmail (2005 film)|Blackmail]]'', ''[[Main Aisa Hi Hoon]]'', ''[[Tango Charlie]]'' and ''[[Shikhar (film)|Shikhar]]''. However, the films ''[[Kaal]]'' and ''[[Apaharan]]'' did well.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=398|title=Kaal – Movie |publisher=Box Office India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=274|title= Apaharan – Movie |publisher=Box Office India}}</ref> His performance as a villain in ''Kaal'' also earned him his third nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Villain.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=211&catName=MjAwNQ%3D%3D |title="Box Office 2005." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708085904/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=211&catName=MjAwNQ%3D%3D |archive-date=8 July 2011}} Archive.org 8 July 2011. Accessed 11 March 2013.</ref> In 2006, Devgn played [[Othello]] in ''[[Omkara (2006 film)|Omkara]]'', a Hindi adaptation of [[William Shakespeare]]'s ''[[Othello]]''. It was directed by [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]. The film is a tragedy of sexual jealousy set against the backdrop of the [[Politics of Uttar Pradesh|political system in Uttar Pradesh]]. It premiered at the [[2006 Cannes Film Festival]] and was screened at the [[Cairo International Film Festival]].<ref name="Omkara">Gajjar M. {{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/shropshire/films/bollywood/2006/05/omkara_preview.shtml |title="Omkara."}} BBC.co.uk May 2006. Accessed 19 May 2009</ref><ref>Roy, A. {{cite web |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1061206/asp/nation/story_7101465.asp |title="Omkara puzzle here, prize there." |access-date=17 February 2013 |archive-date=24 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024102206/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1061206/asp/nation/story_7101465.asp |url-status=dead }} The Telegraph, Calcutta. 6 December 2006. Accessed 8 July 2010.</ref> ''Omkara'' was well received by critics. ''Rediff'' said: "[[Othello (character)|Othello]] is a tricky role, a leading man eclipsed by the villain. Yet the Moor is a brooding and compelling character, and Ajay Devgn does valiantly with his material. Omkara strips Othello of the racism, exchanging his black skin for surprisingly inconsequential half-[[Brahmin|Brahminism]]. Ajay's best bits are when restrained, and while there is a bit of a seen-that feel to his character, by the time the film is over, you realise just how unflinchingly solid he's been."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/02rs.htm |title="Why Omkara blew my mind."}} Rediff.com 2 August 2006.</ref> Taran Adarsh said: "Ajay makes a stirring and powerful interpretation of a man haunted by uncertainty about his lover's faithfulness. The serious look that Ajay carries suits him to the T. Of course, Ajay is exceptional in the film and looks every inch the character he portrays."<ref>Adarsh T. {{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/201587 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021162449/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/201587 |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 October 2012 |title="Omkara"|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] }} Bollywood Hungama.</ref> The same year, Devgn also starred in [[Rohit Shetty]]'s [[buddy comedy|buddy]] [[comedy film]] ''[[Golmaal (2006 film)|Golmaal]]'', which was a hit and spawned three sequels.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=299|title=Golmaal (2006) - Movie}}</ref> In 2007, he starred in two films, director [[Anubhav Sinha]]'s ''[[Cash (2007 film)|Cash]]'' and Ram Gopal Varma's ''[[Aag (2007 film)|Aag]]'', both of which were commercially unsuccessful.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cash |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/cash |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=30 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ram Gopal Varma Ki Aag |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/ram-gopal-varma-ki-aag |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=30 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2008, Devgn starred in the [[social film]] ''[[Halla Bol]]'', directed by [[Rajkumar Santoshi]], alongside [[Pankaj Kapoor]] and [[Vidya Balan]].<ref name="boxofficeindia.com">{{cite web |url=http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=215&catName=MjAwOA== |title="Box Office 2008." |access-date=30 June 2011 |archive-date=2 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102010804/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=215&catName=MjAwOA%3D%3D |url-status=dead }} Box Office India 2008.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=215&catName=MjAwOA%3D%3D |title="Box Office 2008." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708085953/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=215&catName=MjAwOA%3D%3D |archive-date=8 July 2011}} Box Office India.com Archived 8 July 2011. Accessed 11 March 2013.</ref> The film is based on the life of activist [[Safdar Hashmi]], who was killed in 1989 by political rivals while performing in the street play ''Halla Bol''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Entertainment/Halla-Bol-based-on-Safdar-Hashmi-Rajkumar-Santoshi/Article1-236270.aspx |title="Halla Bol based on Safdar Hashmi: Rajkumar Santoshi." |access-date=17 February 2013 |archive-date=21 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061603/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Entertainment/Halla-Bol-based-on-Safdar-Hashmi-Rajkumar-Santoshi/Article1-236270.aspx |url-status=dead }} Hindustan Times 12 July 2007 Accessed 20 November 2012.</ref> The film received negative reviews and was a flop at the box office.<ref>Mohamed K. {{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Reviews/Review-Halla-Bol/Article1-268739.aspx |title="Halla Bol." |access-date=17 February 2013 |archive-date=8 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908124627/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Reviews/Review-Halla-Bol/Article1-268739.aspx |url-status=dead }} Hindustan Times 11 January 2008 Accessed 9 January 2012.</ref> The same year, Devgn also starred in [[Rohit Shetty]]'s third film ''[[Sunday (2008 film)|Sunday]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sunday - Movie - Box Office India |url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=183 |website=[[Box Office India]] |access-date=30 December 2022}}</ref> He then took the lead role with Kajol in his own directorial debut film ''[[U Me Aur Hum]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title="U, Me Aur Hum, straight from Ajay's heart." |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-u-me-aur-hum-straight-from-ajay-s-heart-1158229}} DNA India.com 1 April 2008 Accessed 1 June 2012.</ref> Although the film flopped, it earned positive reviews for his performance as well as for his direction. ''Rediff'' said: "His character grows, discovers both shirt-buttons and subtlety, delivering an intense acting job. Speaking almost entirely in platitudes – pithy at first, profound as he goes on – this grows into an extraordinarily well-written character, replete with flaws and relatability. The way he treats his remorse, drunkenly pointing every finger at himself around a dinner table, is superbly handled, as is his guilty struggle to delineate his life experience from his professional opinion."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/apr/11hum.htm |title="Ajay Devgan does well in U Me Aur Hum."}} Rediff.com 11 April 2008.</ref> Devgn also made a cameo appearance in his brother [[Anil Devgan]]'s film ''[[Haal-e-Dil]]''. He then starred in [[Afzal Khan (actor)|Afzal Khan]]'s ''[[Mehbooba (2008 film)|Mehbooba]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mehbooba |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/mehbooba |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=30 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref> Again in 2008, Devgn starred in [[Rohit Shetty]]'s comedy ''[[Golmaal Returns]]'', a sequel to the 2006 film ''Golmaal'' about a mistrustful wife who believed her husband was unfaithful. ''[[The Indian Express]]'' said the screenplay was derivative, concluding: "There is nothing particularly new about a suspicious wife keeping tabs on her husband, and there is nothing particularly new in the way Ajay-Kareena play it."<ref>Gupta S. {{cite web |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/golmaal-returns/379847/ |title="Golmaal Returns"|date=31 October 2008 }} India Express.com 31 October 2008. Accessed 13 November 2008.</ref> ''Golmaal Returns'' was a major commercial success with global revenues of {{INRConvert|80|c}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Golmaal Returns - Movie - Box Office India|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=311|access-date=2020-10-27|website=boxofficeindia.com}}</ref> In 2009, Devgn had two releases, Rohit Shetty's comedy film ''[[All the Best: Fun Begins]]'' and [[Vipul Amrutlal Shah]]'s ''[[London Dreams]]'', which also co-starred [[Salman Khan]]. Both the films were hugely anticipated before release, but due to negative critical reception, ''All the Best'' could only manage average business, while the latter was a commercial failure.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AVERAGE ALL THE BEST - FUN BEGINS |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=144 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002071709/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=144 |archive-date=2 October 2017 |access-date=15 September 2017 |publisher=boxofficeindia}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=149|title=London Dreams – Movie|publisher=[[Box Office India]]}}</ref>

=== Prolonged success (2010–present) ===
[[File:Ajay Devgn and Rohit Shetty.jpg|thumb|upright|Devgn with [[Rohit Shetty]] at the success bash of ''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]'' in 2010]]
[[File:Ajay Devgn and Kangana Ranaut.jpg|thumb|upright|Devgn with [[Kangana Ranaut]] at success party of ''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]'' in 2010]]
In 2010, Devgn featured in the financially successful comedy ''[[Atithi Tum Kab Jaoge?]]'' with [[Paresh Rawal]] and [[Konkona Sen Sharma]]. He then featured in [[Prakash Jha]]'s political thriller ''[[Raajneeti]]''. ''Raajneeti'' was released internationally on 4 June 2010, after some controversies regarding similarities between actual people and the characters in the film. There were also issues about the use of the national anthem in the film. The film was made with a budget of {{INRConvert|60|c}}<ref>Kotwani| H. {{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Can-Raajneeti-recover-its-Rs-60-crore-investment/Article1-552893.aspx |title="Can ''Raajneeti'' recover its Rs 60 crore investment?" |access-date=16 February 2013 |archive-date=8 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608042755/http://www.hindustantimes.com/can-raajneeti-recover-its-rs-60-crore-investment/article1-552893.aspx |url-status=dead }} Hindustan Times 4 June 2010. Accessed 21 June 2010.</ref> At release, it received positive reviews and emerged a superhit at the box office.<ref>{{cite web|title=Raajneeti (2010)|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=89|publisher=Boxofficeindia.com|access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref> Again, in 2010, Devgn starred in [[Milan Luthria]]'s ''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]'', which was among the [[List of Hindi films of 2010|top-grossing films of that year]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=317&catName=MjAxMC0yMDE5 |title="Lifetime Grossers 2010–2019." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014094622/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=317&catName=MjAxMC0yMDE5 |archive-date=14 October 2013}} Box Office India at Web Archive.org. 2013.</ref> Both the film and Devgn's performance were well received by the critics. [[Taran Adarsh]] said: "Ajay Devgn is splendid as Sultan. The actor had enacted a similar role in ''Company'', but it must be said that his interpretation is so different in ''Once Upon A Time in Mumbaai''. He adds so much depth to the character, which only goes to prove his range and versatility. This is, without a trace of doubt, Ajay's finest work so far."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/once-upon-a-time-in-mumbaai-review-an-outstanding-cinematic-experience-review-bollywood-14951073.html |title="Movie Review: Once Upon A Time in Mumbaai review: An outstanding cinematic experience!" |website=[[Sify]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140121154904/http://www.sify.com/movies/once-upon-a-time-in-mumbaai-review-an-outstanding-cinematic-experience-review-bollywood-14951073.html |archive-date=21 January 2014}} Sify.com.</ref> [[Komal Nahta]] said: "Ajay Devgn is simply fantastic in the role of [[Sultan Mirza]]. So real is his performance that it looks like he was born to play this role. Right from his look to his acting including dialogue-delivery, everything is fabulous. Indeed, an award-winning performance!"<ref>Nahta K. {{cite web |url=http://www.koimoi.com/reviews/komal-nahtas-review-once-upon-a-time-in-mumbaai/ |title="Once Upon A Time In Mumbaai."|date=30 July 2010 }} Koimoi.com 30 July 2010.</ref> The film earned him his sixth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor.

Devgn then starred in [[Priyadarshan]]'s action-thriller film ''[[Aakrosh (2010 film)|Aakrosh]]'' which explores the subject of [[honour killings]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Sanjukta |title=Aakrosh {{!}} The burning of Jhanjhad |url=https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/fUDK8FLdl1wkXEZdQED1xL/Aakrosh--The-burning-of-Jhanjhad.html |access-date=1 January 2023 |work=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]] |date=15 October 2010 |language=en}}</ref> ''Aakrosh'' received some positive reviews, but was financially unsuccessful. At the end of 2010, Devgn worked again with Rohit Shetty in ''[[Golmaal 3]]'', a sequel to ''Golmaal Returns'' (2008). Although, like its predecessor, the film received mixed reviews, it was the most successful of the ''Golmaal'' series, earning more than {{INRConvert|169|c}} and emerging a blockbuster.<ref>Bhattacharya R. {{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/Golmaal-3-This-year-s-Diwali-cracker/Article1-624338.aspx |title="Golmaal 3: This year's Diwali cracker." |access-date=16 February 2013 |archive-date=9 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809051728/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/Golmaal-3-This-year-s-Diwali-cracker/Article1-624338.aspx |url-status=dead }} Hindustan Times.com 12 November 2010. Accessed 28 November 2010</ref> Devgn also worked as an actor and voice artist in ''[[Toonpur Ka Superrhero]]'', a [[Live-action animation|live action animated]] film.<ref>{{cite web |title=Toonpur Ka Super Hero |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/toonpur_ka_superhero |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=30 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2011, Devgn performed with [[Emraan Hashmi]] in [[Madhur Bhandarkar]]'s comedy ''[[Dil Toh Baccha Hai Ji]]''. He was a narrator in ''[[Yamla Pagla Deewana]]'' and also made a cameo appearance in ''[[Ready (2011 film)|Ready]]''. Devgn starred in Rohit Shetty's ''[[Singham]]''. Taran Adarsh said: "The title means 'Lion' and Ajay is in the centre of the battle between good and evil. Ajay is well known for the lines, "''aataa maajhi satakli''". The embodiment of screen masculinity, Ajay enacts the central character of a righteous, hardhearted cop with flourish. He brings alive on screen a larger-than-life hero character with determined conviction, which renders you thunderstruck. One of the few actors who underplays his part admirably, he returns to the over-the-top-action genre of films with this one. In a nutshell, his performance plays a pivotal role in carrying the film to the winning post."<ref>Adarsh T. {{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/542574 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403153531/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/542574 |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 April 2012 |title="Singham."|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] }} Bollywood Hungama.</ref> ''Singham'' earned him his seventh nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor. He then starred [[David Dhawan]]'s [[action comedy film]] ''[[Rascals (2011 film)|Rascals]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/award/filmfare-award/2010-2/ |title="Sanjay Dutt starts Rascals tomorrow."|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=15 March 2016 }} Bollywood Hungama.com 28 October 2010.</ref>

The following year, Devgn starred in ''[[Tezz]]'', directed by [[Priyadarshan]]. His co-stars were [[Anil Kapoor]], [[Boman Irani]], [[Kangana Ranaut]], [[Sameera Reddy]] and [[Zayed Khan]]. Devgn then starred in Rohit Shetty's film ''[[Bol Bachchan]]''. He then starred in ''[[Son of Sardaar]]''. In 2013, Devgn featured in the critically and commercially unsuccessful ''[[Himmatwala (2013 film)|Himmatwala]]'', a remake of the [[Himmatwala (1983 film)|1983 film of the same name]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.digitalspy.com/bollywood/news/a451255/ajay-devgan-promised-himmatwala-will-be-a-100-crore-hit-by-director.html |title="Ajay Devgan promised 'Himmatwala' will be a 100 crore hit." |website=[[Digital Spy]]|date=15 January 2013 }} Digital Spy.com 15 January 2013.</ref> Devgn next featured in Prakash Jha's political drama ''[[Satyagraha (film)|Satyagraha]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/hindi/article/90940.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130215063413/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/hindi/article/90940.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 February 2013 |title="Ajay Devgn starts shooting for Prakash Jha's 'Satyagraha'."}} Indiaglitz.com 13 February 2013.</ref>

In 2014, Devgn featured in Rohit Shetty's ''[[Singham Returns]]'', a sequel to ''Singham''. ''Singham Returns'' received mixed reviews from Indian critics.<ref name="Reviews">{{cite web |title='Singham Returns' Movie Reviews: Typical Rohit Shetty's Film |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/singham-returns-movie-reviews-typical-rohit-shettys-film-606899 |publisher=[[International Business Times]] |work=15 August 2014|date=15 August 2014 }}</ref> Taran Adarsh of ''Bollywood Hungama'' gave it 4 stars and said: "The film is a complete [[Masala film|mass entertainer]] with power-packed drama, hi-intensity dialogue and towering performances as its aces. The brand value attached to it coupled with a long weekend will help the film reap a harvest and rule the box office in days to come."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/673370 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140511061650/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/673370 |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 May 2014 |title=Singham Returns |website=Bollywood Hungamam |date=15 August 2014 |access-date=15 August 2014 |author=Adarsh, Taran}}{{Rating|4|5}}</ref> It had dollections of over {{INRConvert|32.09|c}} on the first day of its release in India with a domestic net of {{INRConvert|140.62|c}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/boxoffice/id/673370 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140511061646/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/boxoffice/id/673370 |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 May 2014 |title=Singham Returns |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] }}</ref> Devgn next featured in [[Prabhu Deva]]'s ''[[Action Jackson (2014 film)|Action Jackson]]'' which did not perform well at box office.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/action-jackson-review-the-film-is-an-orgy-of-bloody-fight-scenes/516632-47-84.html |title='Action Jackson' review: The film is an orgy of bloody fight scenes }}{{Dead link|date=February 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.IBN live. [[Rajeev Masand]]. 5 December 2014. {{Rating|1|5}}</ref>

In 2015, Devgn starred in ''[[Drishyam (2015 film)|Drishyam]]'', directed by [[Nishikant Kamat]]. The film received positive reviews, Meena Iyer of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave the film four out of five stars, describing it as "A [[Suspense film|suspense]] [[Drama film|drama]] with a nail-biting finish." She praised Devgn's performances: "Ajay, who is the prey here, shines in his role of the protective father."<ref>{{cite news |author=[[Meena Iyer]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/Drishyam/movie-review/48279405.cms |title=Drishyam Movie Review |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The film was successful at the box office, by the end of its sixth week, the film had grossed about {{INRConvert|76.48|c}} at the domestic box office.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-09-19 |title=Ajay Devgn's 'Drishyam' completes 50 days at box office |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/ajay-devgns-drishyam-completes-50-days-at-box-office/ |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Ajay Devgn, Ileana D'Cruz.jpg|thumb|left|Devgn with [[Ileana D'Cruz]] during the trailer launch of their film ''[[Baadshaho]]'' in 2017]]
In 2016, Devgn was seen in his own production, ''[[Shivaay]]'', which released around [[Diwali]] 2016. ''Shivaay'' is an action drama movie.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 28, 2021 |title=Ajay Devgn celebrates 5 years of Shivaay with throwback video. Watch |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/ajay-devgn-celebrates-5-years-of-shivaay-with-throwback-video-watch-1870385-2021-10-28 |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> Shivaay opened to mixed reviews and grossed more than {{INRConvert|146|c}}.<ref name="BO">{{cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-worldwide-collections-day-wise-breakup-shivaay/ |title=Box Office: Worldwide Collections and Day wise breakup of Shivaay |work=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=29 October 2016 |access-date=5 November 2016}}</ref> In 2017, Devgn featured in director Milan Luthria's ''[[Baadshaho]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Here's How the Baadshaho Actor Ajay Devgn is So Fit and Fabulous At 48 |url=https://food.ndtv.com/food-drinks/heres-how-the-baadshaho-actor-ajay-devgn-is-so-fit-and-fabulous-at-48-1744410 |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=NDTV Food |date=22 August 2017 |language=en}}</ref> and Rohit Shetty's ''[[Golmaal Again]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/bollywood/golmaal-again-gets-third-highest-opening-weekend-box-office-collection-for-2017-baahubali-2-raees-still-lead-4169809.html |title=Golmaal Again gets third-highest opening weekend box office collection for 2017; Baahubali 2, Raees still lead |date=24 October 2017 |website=Firstpost}}</ref> While ''Baadshaho'' flopped, the latter emerged a blockbuster collecting 100 crores in 4 days of its release and a lifetime collection of 205 crores at the Indian box office while making a hefty 310 crores at worldwide box office.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=3590 |title=Baadshaho – Movie – Box Office India |website=www.boxofficeindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=3630|title=Golmaal Again - Movie - Box Office India|website=www.boxofficeindia.com}}</ref>

In 2018, Devgn starred in [[Raj Kumar Gupta]]'s ''[[Raid (2018 film)|Raid]]'' where he plays the role of an honest [[Indian Revenue Service]] officer, which released to positive critical feedback on 16 March, and was a commercial success.<ref name="roundup">{{cite web |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/raid-movie-review-roundup-ajay-devgn-starrer-realistic-says-critics-celebs-763970 |title=Raid movie review roundup: Ajay Devgn starrer is realistic, say critics, celebs |work=[[International Business Times]] |access-date=16 March 2018 |date=16 March 2018}}</ref> Devgn has long been working on producing ''Sons of Sardaar: The [[Battle of Saragarhi]]'', a sequel to ''Son of Sardaar''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/ajay-devgn-shares-sons-of-sardaar-the-battle-of-saragarhi-first-look-diwali-2017-release-planned-2922284.html |title=Ajay Devgn shares Sons of Sardaar: The Battle of Saragarhi first look; Diwali 2017 release planned |date=29 July 2016 |website=Firstpost}}</ref> In August 2017, Devgn stated: "We are working on the script but it won't happen for another two years because of the scale of the project."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/ajay-devgn-saragarhi-is-set-to-happen-but-in-the-next-three-or-four-years/articleshow/60301262.cms |title=Ajay Devgn: Saragarhi is set to happen but in the next three or four years |website=Mumbai Mirror}}</ref> He starred in ''[[De De Pyaar De]]'' alongside [[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]] and [[Rakul Preet Singh]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/rakul-preet-star-alongside-ajay-devgn-tabu-rom-com/ |title=Rakul Preet to star alongside Ajay Devgn and Tabu in this rom-com |date=16 January 2018 |work=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref> In early 2020, Devgn portrayed the role of 17th-century military leader [[Tanaji Malusare]] in an eponymously titled film, ''[[Tanhaji]]''; directed by [[Om Raut]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/news/bollywood-news/article/revealed-ajay-devgns-ferociously-intriguing-look-from-taanaji-the-unsung-warrior/340215 |title=Revealed! Ajay Devgn's ferociously intriguing look from Taanaji – The Unsung Warrior |website=www.timesnownews.com |date=2 January 2019 |language=en-GB |access-date=2 January 2019}}</ref> The film was released on 10 January 2020 and went on to win three [[National Film Awards]], including the [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment|Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]] and [[National Film Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]], both for Devgn, in addition to his eighth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor <ref>{{Cite news |agency=PTI |date=2022-07-22 |title=68th National Film Awards: 'Soorarai Pottru', 'Tanhaji: The Unsung Warrior' win top honours |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/68th-national-film-awards-soorarai-pottru-tanhaji-the-unsung-warrior-win-top-honours/article65671218.ece |access-date=2022-07-23 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> ''Tanhaji'' earned Rs 3.67 billion ($49 million) worldwide, making it the [[List of highest-grossing Hindi films|highest-grossing Bollywood film of 2020]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ajay Devgn's 'Tanhaji - The Unsung Warrior' declared biggest Hindi box office hit of the last two years |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/box-office/ajay-devgns-tanhaji-the-unsung-warrior-declared-biggest-hindi-box-office-hit-of-the-last-two-years/articleshow/88584327.cms |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=The Times of India |date=30 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Moreover, it marks Ajay Devgn's 100th film as an actor.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ajay Devgn: 100th film or first, anxiety remains the same |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ajay-devgn-100th-film-or-first-anxiety-remains-the-same/articleshow/72360710.cms |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=The Times of India |date=4 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2021, he starred alongside [[Sanjay Dutt]], [[Sharad Kelkar]], [[Nora Fatehi]] and [[Sonakshi Sinha]] in a [[historical film]] based on the [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971]], ''[[Bhuj: The Pride of India]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/bhuj-the-pride-of-india-sanjay-dutt-sonakshi-sinha-rana-daggubati-parineeti-chopra-and-ammy-virk-join-the-ajay-devgn-starrer/articleshow/68493083.cms |title='Bhuj: The Pride of India': Sanjay Dutt, Sonakshi Sinha, Rana Daggubati, Parineeti Chopra and Ammy Virk join the Ajay Devgn starrer |website=The Times of India |date=20 March 2019 |language=en |access-date=23 March 2019}}</ref> it was a critical failure. He had a cameo in Rohit Shetty's ''[[Sooryavanshi]]'', reprising his role as [[Deputy commissioner|DCP]] [[Bajirao Singham]] from the ''Singham'' film series, now expanded into [[Rohit Shetty's Cop Universe]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/akshay-kumars-sooryavanshi-to-open-with-ajay-devgn-ranveer-singh-to-enter-before-interval-report-4342019.html|title= Akshay Kumar's Sooryavanshi to Have an Extended Climax with Ajay Devgn and Ranveer Singh|work=News18}}</ref>

[[File:Ajay Devgn and Rakul Preet Singh at the second trailer launch of Runway 34 in Delhi (2) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Ajay Devgn and [[Rakul Preet Singh]] at the second trailer launch of ''Runway 34'' in Delhi.]]
In 2022, Devgn made his OTT debut with the web series, ''[[Rudra: The Edge of Darkness]]'', on [[Disney+ Hotstar]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/ajay-devgn-on-ott-debut-with-rudra-nobody-wants-to-watch-a-nice-guy-controversies-go-on-and-on-4012481.html|title= Ajay Devgn on OTT Debut with Rudra: Nobody Wants to Watch a Nice Guy, Controversies Go On and On|work=News18}}</ref> The same year, he released his third directorial, ''[[Runway 34]]''. It received positive reviews from both the critics and audience, but failed on the box office.<ref>{{Citation |title=Runway 34 Movie Review: Ajay Devgn's aviation drama lands well within the runway |newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/runway-34/movie-review/91149917.cms |access-date=2022-07-23}}</ref> He was also seen in extended cameo appearances in Sanjay Leela Bhansali's ''[[Gangubai Kathiawadi]]'' and [[S. S. Rajamouli]]'s ''[[RRR (film)|RRR]]'', for which he received high praise.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-30 |title=Ajay Devgn has Watched Neither RRR Nor Gangubai Kathiawadi. Here's Why |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/ajay-devgn-has-watched-neither-rrr-nor-gangubai-kathiawadi-heres-why-5085883.html |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> Later that year, Devgn was seen as [[Chitragupta|Chitragupt]] in [[Indra Kumar]]'s [[Thank God (film)|''Thank God'']], which also starred [[Sidharth Malhotra]], which turned out to be a commercial failure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=6206|title=Thank God - Movie - Box Office India|website=www.boxofficeindia.com}}</ref> Later he starred in the sequel to ''Drishyam'', ''[[Drishyam 2 (2022 film)|Drishyam 2]]'', directed by [[Abhishek Pathak]]. It became a major critical and commercial success, along with becoming his second highest-grossing film of his career, after ''Tanhaji''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-10 |title=Drishyam 2 Box Office Day 23 (Early Trends): Enters Into 200 Crore Club In Style, Hits 3rd Double Century For Ajay Devgn |url=https://www.koimoi.com/box-office/drishyam-2-box-office-day-23-early-trends-enters-into-200-crore-club-in-style-hits-3rd-double-century-for-ajay-devgn/ |access-date=2022-12-11 |website=koimoi.com |language=en}}</ref> The following year, Devgn starred and directed the Hindi remake of the Tamil film ''[[Kaithi (2019 film)|Kaithi]]'' (2019), ''[[Bholaa]]'', his third directorial. The film was a critical and commercial disappointment.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=7793|title=Bholaa Final Collections - India And Overseas|date=1 June 2023}}</ref>

In 2024, Devgn had four major releases. The first was the horror film ''[[Shaitaan (2024 film)|Shaitaan]]'', which received a favorable response from critics and emerged a huge hit at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=8418|title=A Decent First Quarter - Shaitaan Leads Classifications - Box Office India|website=www.boxofficeindia.com}}</ref> He then appeared in [[Amit Sharma (director)|Amit Ravindernath Sharma]]'s third directorial venture ''[[Maidaan]]'', which saw him portraying Indian football coach [[Syed Abdul Rahim]]. Although the biopic and Devgn's performance received highly positive reviews, the film was a financial failure.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Bollywood Hungama News Network |title=Maidaan Movie Review |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/maidaan/critic-review/maidaan-movie-review/maidaan-is-one-of-the-finest-sports-based-films-of-bollywood/ |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=9 April 2024}}{{rating|4|5}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Maidaan Box Office|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/maidaan/box-office/#bh-movie-box-office|access-date=25 April 2024|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|date=25 April 2024 }}</ref> His next release, [[Neeraj Pandey]]'s ''[[Auron Mein Kahan Dum Tha]]'' was also a [[Box-office bomb|box office flop]], this time to mixed to negative reviews.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kaushal |first=Sweta |date=2024-08-09 |title=India Box Office: 'Ulajh', 'Auron Mein Kaha Dum Tha' Score Low |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/swetakaushal/2024/08/10/india-box-office-ulajh-auron-mein-kaha-dum-tha-score-low/ |website=Forbes}}</ref> Devgn's final release of that year, the fifth installment of Rohit Shetty's Cop Universe, the actioner ''[[Singham Again]]'' took an initial of ₹437 million and collected {{INRConvert|3.89|b}} worldwide. Despite underperforming at the box office, it emerging as his highest-grossing movie as well as the [[List of Indian films of 2024|sixth highest-grossing Indian film]] of 2024.<ref>{{cite news |title=Singham Again Box Office |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/singham-again/box-office/ |access-date=18 November 2024 |work=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}</ref>

In 2025, Devgn did a guest appearance in his nephew Aaman Devgn's debut film ''[[Azaad (2025 film)|Azaad]]'', directed by [[Abhishek Kapoor]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/azaad-teaser-ajay-devgn-teams-up-with-aaman-devgan-rasha-thadani-for-tarzan-wonder-car-sequel-but-with-a-horse-101730799081294.html|date=6 Nov 2024|title=Azaad teaser: Ajay Devgn, Aaman Devgn, Rasha Thadani's new film feels like a Tarzan Wonder Car sequel… but with a horse|work=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> His first major release of the year, [[Raid 2 (film)|''Raid 2'']], a sequel to his 2018 release ''[[Raid (2018 film)|Raid]]'', emerged as a box-office hit, ranking as one of the [[List of Hindi films of 2025|highest-grossing Hindi films]] of the year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-05-06 |title=Raid 2 Scores Big: Ajay Devgn's sequel streak proves franchises are still box office gold |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/raid-2-scores-big-ajay-devgns-sequel-streak-proves-franchises-are-still-box-office-gold/articleshow/120889599.cms |access-date=2025-05-18 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=9121|title=Raid 2 Remains Rock Steady On Second Tuesday|date=14 May 2025}}</ref> He next appeared in ''[[Son of Sardaar 2]]'', a [[spiritual sequels|spiritual sequel]] to 2012 film ''[[Son of Sardaar]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Vindu Dara Singh wipes away tears as he reveals Ajay Devgn and Sanjay Dutt motivated Mukul Dev to stay fit on 'Son of Sardaar 2' set: 'Hum aadha ho gaye hain…' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/vindu-dara-singh-wipes-away-tears-as-he-reveals-ajay-devgn-and-sanjay-dutt-motivated-mukul-dev-to-stay-fit-on-son-of-sardaar-2-set-hum-aadha-ho-gaye-hain/articleshow/121383018.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250526214323/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/vindu-dara-singh-wipes-away-tears-as-he-reveals-ajay-devgn-and-sanjay-dutt-motivated-mukul-dev-to-stay-fit-on-son-of-sardaar-2-set-hum-aadha-ho-gaye-hain/articleshow/121383018.cms |archive-date=26 May 2025 |access-date=27 May 2025 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Released on 25 August, it opened to poor critical reception and [[Box Office bomb|bombed]] at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web |title=War 2, Dhadak 2, Son of Sardaar 2, Bollywood big-budget sequels that tanked at box office, reason is... |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-war-2-dhadak-2-son-of-sardaar-2-bollywood-big-budget-sequels-that-tanked-at-box-office-reason-is-3176897 |access-date=2025-08-28 |website=www.dnaindia.com}}</ref> His next release was ''[[De De Pyaar De 2]]'', a direct sequel to his 2019 film.

== Other works ==
=== Production===
{{Main|Ajay Devgn Films}}

[[Ajay Devgn FFilms]] (ADF) is an Indian film [[production company|production]] and [[Film distributor|distribution]] company established by actor Ajay Devgn in 2000. Based in [[Mumbai]], it mainly produces and distributes [[Hindi language|Hindi]] films. In 2000, ADF released its first film, ''[[Raju Chacha]]''. The film starred Devgn himself as the lead actor and his wife [[Kajol]] as the lead actress. ''Raju Chacha'' received mixed reviews but grossed Rs 209.2 millions at the box office.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raju Chacha - Movie - Box Office India |url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=754 |website=[[Box Office India]] |access-date=30 December 2022}}</ref>

In 2008, Devgn co-produced the drama ''[[U Me Aur Hum]]'', which marked his [[directorial debut]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Basu |first=Nilanjana |title=Ajay Devgn To Direct Amitabh Bachchan In New Film Titled Mayday. Details Here |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/ajay-devgn-to-direct-amitabh-bachchan-in-new-film-titled-mayday-details-here-2322009 |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=[[NDTV]] |date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> Devgn also played the lead role in the film, sharing the screen again with Kajol. The film was written by Devgn himself and three other writers. Critical reception was generally positive, with [[Taran Adarsh]] giving the film 4 out of 5 stars and describing it as "A well-made, absorbing love story that's high on emotional quotient".<ref>{{cite web |last=Adarsh |first=Taran |title=U Me Aur Hum Review 4/5 {{!}} U Me Aur Hum Movie Review {{!}} U Me Aur Hum 2008 Public Review {{!}} Film Review |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/u-me-aur-hum/critic-review/u-me-aur-hum-movie-review/ |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=11 April 2008 |access-date=19 December 2022 |language=en}}{{rating|4|5}}</ref>

In 2009, Devgn released and acted in his home production ''[[All the Best: Fun Begins]]'', which was directed by [[Rohit Shetty]] and also starring, [[Sanjay Dutt]], [[Fardeen Khan]], [[Bipasha Basu]] and [[Mugdha Godse]]. The film was released on 16 October 2009 and received positive response from critics. It was rated a hit in India, and is the twelfth highest grossing Bollywood film of 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Top India Total Nett Gross 2009 - - Box Office India |url=https://boxofficeindia.com/years.php?year=2009&pageId=4 |website=[[Box Office India]] |access-date=19 December 2022}}</ref>

In 2014, ADF produced ''[[Singham Returns]]'' starring Devgn and [[Kareena Kapoor]]. In 2016 Devgn produced and starred in ''[[Shivaay]]'' which is to be the most expensive film of his production.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Shivay-to-be-Ajay-Devgn-Productions-most-expensive-film/articleshow/45583601.cms"Shivay |title=to be Ajay Devgn Productions' most expensive film |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

In late December 2017, ADF collaborated with [[Fox Star Studios]] to produce ''[[Total Dhamaal]]'' starring Devgn, [[Riteish Deshmukh]], [[Arshad Warsi]], [[Javed Jaffrey]], [[Madhuri Dixit]], and [[Anil Kapoor]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-ajay-devgn-to-co-produce-total-dhamaal-2571665 |title=Ajay Devgn to co-produce Total Dhamaal |first=Meena |last=Iyer |date=31 December 2017 |website=DNA India}}</ref>

In 2018, Ajay Devgn released his first [[Marathi cinema|Marathi film production]] ''[[Aapla Manus]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ajay Devgn's Maiden Marathi Production Titled Aapla Manus |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/ajay-devgns-maiden-marathi-production-titled-aapla-manus-1613855.html |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=[[CNN-News18|News18]] |agency=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]] |date=25 December 2017 |language=en}}</ref> A [[Thriller drama film|dramatic thriller]] written by Vivek Bele and directed by [[Satish Rajwade]], it starred [[Nana Patekar]], [[Iravati Harshe]], and [[Sumeet Raghavan]]. It was produced by Ajay Devgn, [[Nana Patekar]], [[Abhinav Shukla (producer)|Abhinav Shuklaa]], Manish Mishra and [[Rohit Choudhary]] and released on 9 February 2018.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aapla Manus |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/aapla_manus |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=30 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref> The film was distributed by [[Viacom 18 Motion Pictures]].<ref>{{cite news|date=9 February 2018|title=Aapla Manus Is A Family Drama With A Pinch Of Thriller|work=MUMBAI LIVE|url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/marathi-film/aapla-manus-movie-review-marathi-actor-nana-patekar-sumeet-raghavan-iravati-harshe-suspense-story-20371}}</ref>

{{Clear}}

=== NY VFXWAALA ===
{{Main|NY VFXWAALA}}

In October 2015, Devgn established a [[visual effects]] company, [[NY VFXWAALA]], named after his children Nysa and Yug. It has been involved with many major films, such as ''[[Prem Ratan Dhan Payo]]'', ''[[Tamasha (2015 film)|Tamasha]]'', ''[[Bajirao Mastani]]'', ''[[Mersal (film)|Mersal]]'', ''[[Dilwale (2015 film)|Dilwale]]'', ''[[Force 2]]'', and ''[[Simmba]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/visual-effects-heres-how-ajay-devgn-common-link-between-bajirao-mastani-dilwale-videos-678484 |title=Visual effects: Here's how Ajay Devgn is the common link between 'Bajirao Mastani' and 'Dilwale' [VIDEOS] |first=Prarthna |last=Sarkar |date=12 May 2016 |website=International Business Times, India Edition}}</ref> The company won the [[National Film Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]] award at the [[64th National Film Awards]] for the film ''[[Shivaay]]'' (2016).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Priyanka |title=Ajay Devgn on Shivaay's National Award win: Not surprised, it is well deserved |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/ajay-devgn-on-shivaay-national-award-win-not-surprised-it-is-well-deserved-4603737/ |access-date=16 May 2018 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=7 April 2017}}</ref>

==In the media==
[[File:Ajay Devgn at Tezz promotional bus ride (4).jpg|thumb|upright|Devgn in 2012]]

Ashwini Deshmukh of ''[[Filmfare]]'' termed Devgn a "private person" who is self-confessedly uncomfortable around people and said, "Three decades in the industry and Ajay Devgn continues to enjoy the trust of filmmakers and the loyalty of his fans."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajay Devgn on his film journey as he completes 30 years in Bollywood this year |author=Ashwini Deshmukh |work=Filmfare |access-date=20 August 2020 |url=https://m.filmfare.com/interviews/exclusive-ajay-devgn-on-his-film-journey-as-he-completes-30-years-in-bollywood-this-year-34878.amp}}</ref> Ankur Pathak of ''[[GQ (Indian edition)|GQ]]'' noted, "Devgn has shown remarkable resilience as a bankable star who has never had to rely on a 'comeback' film since he never really goes off-screen."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajay Devgn: Star for all seasons |author=Ankur Pathak |work=GQ India - Entertainment |date=17 February 2023 |access-date=17 February 2023 |url=https://www.gqindia.com/entertainment/content/ajay-devgn-star-for-all-seasons/amp}}</ref> Sandeep Unnithan of ''[[India Today]]'' termed him a "versatile actor" and said, "Devgn is a darling of his directors."<ref>{{Cite web |title=How Ajay Devgn rode to industry superstardom |author=Sandeep Unnithan |work=India Today |date=22 November 2021 |access-date=27 November 2021 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/how-ajay-devgn-rode-to-industry-superstardom-1879690-2021-11-22}}</ref> [[Rediff.com]] noted the actor's change from "lanky star son" to "back-to-back hits churner". It further credited him for popularising the "intense, brooding hero" looks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Birthday Special: Ajay Devgn's Top Ten Films |author=Rediff Movies |work=Rediff.com |access-date=26 December 2020 |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-birthday-special-ajay-devgn-s-top-ten-films/20130402.htm}}</ref>

Devgn is among the most popular and highest paid celebrities in India.<ref>{{cite news|access-date=29 November 2022|title=IMBD: The top 12 Highest paid Indian actors in 2022; see list |work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/web-stories/is-this-how-much-the-highest-paid-indian-actors-charge-per-film/photostory/93523121.cms}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|access-date=28 December 2022|title=From Ajay Devgn to Pankaj Tripathi, 10 highest paid actors on OTT in India |work=GQ India|url=https://www.gqindia.com/entertainment/content/ajay-devgn-to-pankaj-tripathi-10-highest-paid-indian-ott-actors-who-charge-in-crores-for-their-powerful-performances/amp}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|access-date=19 December 2015|title=Exclusive - These are Bollywood's 16 highest paid actors|work=Hindustan Times |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/16-highest-paid-actors-in-bollywood/story-cWDaYbiDBnnSKLD0G4HZbO_amp.html}}</ref> He has frequently featured in the ''[[Forbes India]]''{{'}}s [[Forbes Celebrity 100|Celebrity 100]] list since 2012. He peaked at the 10th position in 2018 with an estimated annual income of {{INRConvert|745|m}}.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2018-celebrity-100/1735/1 |title=2018 Celebrity 100 |work=Forbes India |access-date=20 December 2017 |archive-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219063445/https://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2018-celebrity-100/1735/1 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2019, he was placed 12th, with an estimated annual income of {{INRConvert|940|m}}.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2019-celebrity-100/1819/all |title=2019 Celebrity 100 |work=Forbes India |access-date=20 December 2018 |archive-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219063445/http://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2019-celebrity-100/1819/all |url-status=live}}</ref> He was also inducted into the [[Walk of the Stars|Bollywood Walk of Fame]] at [[Bandstand Promenade|Bandra Bandstand]], where his hand print was preserved.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/walking-with-the-stars-112040100022_1.html |title=Walking with the stars |last=Saraswathy |first=M. |date=1 April 2012 |work=Business Standard India |access-date=24 November 2019}}</ref> Devgn was placed 7th in [[Rediff.com]]'s list of Top 10 Actors of 2000–2010.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-how-these-actors-have-fared-in-the-last-decade/20110308.htm#5 |title=How Bollywood's top actors have fared last decade |work=Rediff.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104000451/https://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-how-these-actors-have-fared-in-the-last-decade/20110308.htm#5 |archive-date=4 January 2017 |access-date=12 September 2017}}</ref> In Rediff.com "Top Bollywood Actors" list, Devgn ranked 1st in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://in.rediff.com/movies/2002/dec/25act1.htm |title=Top Bollywood Actors 2002 |work=Rediff.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104000451/https://in.rediff.com/movies/2002/dec/25act1.htm |archive-date=4 January 2017 |access-date=15 November 2019}}</ref> He subsequently ranked 4th in 2004, 10th in 2006 and 2nd in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://specials.rediff.com/movies/2004/dec/27sd2.htm |title=Top Bollywood Actors of 2004 |work=Rediff.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104000451/https://specials.rediff.com/movies/2004/dec/27sd2.htm |archive-date=4 January 2017 |access-date=26 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/17sd2.htm |title=Readers' Picks: Top Bollywood Actors |work=Rediff.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104000451/https://m.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/17sd2.htm |archive-date=4 January 2017 |access-date=13 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/special/bollywoods-top-actors-of-2019-so-far/20190704.htm |title=Bollywood's TOP Actors of 2019, so far |work=Rediff.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104000451/https://m.rediff.com/amp/movies/special/bollywoods-top-actors-of-2019-so-far/20190704.htm |archive-date=4 January 2017 |access-date=25 August 2020}}</ref> In ''[[Eastern Eye]]''{{'}}s Sexiest Asian Men list of 2011, Devgn was placed 29th.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-hrithik-tops-sexiest-asian-men-list/20111202.htm |title=Hrithik Roshan tops Sexiest Asian Men 2011 list |date=2 December 2011 |work=Rediff.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161231035051/http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-hrithik-tops-sexiest-asian-men-list/20111202.htm |archive-date=31 December 2016 |access-date=3 January 2017 }}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Lists of Indian actors|List of Indian actors]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{cite book |last=Dawar |first=Ramesh |title=Bollywood: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TO6Fmi8FraUC&pg=PA2008 |date=2006 |publisher=Star Publications |isbn=978-1-905863-01-3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161231013227/https://books.google.com/books?id=TO6Fmi8FraUC |archive-date=31 December 2016}}
* {{cite book |last=Bajaj |first=J.K. |title=On & Behind the Indian Cinema |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_1UqAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1986 |date=2014 |publisher=Diamond Pocket Books Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-5083-621-7 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704192635/http://books.google.com/books?id=_1UqAwAAQBAJ |archive-date=4 July 2014}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}

* [https://ajaydevgnffilms.com/ Official Site]
* {{IMDb name|id=0222426}}
* {{BH person}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|Bollywood|Films|India}}

{{Ajay Devgan}}
{{Navboxes
| title = Awards for Ajay Devgn
| list =
{{NationalFilmAwardBestActor}}
{{FilmfareCriticsAwardBestPerformance}}
{{FilmfareAwardBestMaleDebut}}
{{FilmfareAwardBestVillain}}
{{ScreenAwardBestActor}}
{{ScreenAwardBestActorNegativeRole}}
{{StardustAwardBestActor}}
{{StardustAwardMaleStar}}
}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Devgn, Ajay}}
[[Category:Ajay Devgn| ]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Indian Hindus]]
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[[Category:1969 births]]
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[[Category:Screen Awards winners]]
[[Category:Zee Cine Awards winners]]
[[Category:Male actors from Delhi]]
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[[Category:People named in the Panama Papers]]
[[Category:People from Delhi]]
[[Category:Devgan family]]
[[Category:Male actors in Hindi television]]
[[Category:Indian television presenters]]
[[Category:Shaivites]]
[[Category:Indian web series actors]]

Vivek Dahiya (actor)

2026-03-19T15:17:43Z

Ieagle:

{{Short description|Indian actor}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Vivek Dahiya
| image = Vivek Dahiya snapped on the sets of Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11 (cropped).jpg
| caption = Dahiya in 2023
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1984|11|08}}<ref name=birthday/>
| birth_place = [[Chandigarh]], India
| occupation = Actor
| years_active = 2013{{ndash}}present
| known_for = ''[[Yeh Hai Mohabbatein]]'', ''[[Qayamat Ki Raat]]''
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Divyanka Tripathi]]|2016}}
}}
'''Vivek Dahiya''' (born 8 November 1984) is an Indian movie, webseries and television actor. Vivek was the lead hero in a widely released movie Chal Zindagi alongside industry veteran [[Sanjay Mishra (actor)]].<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt27425654/?ref_=ext_shr_lnk</ref> and [[State of Siege: Temple Attack]].<ref>https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/exclusive-my-experience-working-with-colonel-sen-was-extraordinary-vivek-dahiya-on-state-of-siege-temple-attack/</ref>
He has been seen in webseries like [[State of Siege: 26/11]]<ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/ott/story/vivek-dahiya-on-web-series-debut-state-of-siege-26-11-i-always-wanted-to-play-a-man-in-a-uniform-1657514-2020-03-19</ref> and shows like ''[[Yeh Hai Mohabbatein]]'' and ''[[Qayamat Ki Raat]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Divyanka Tripathi's husband Vivek Dahiya opens up on his casting couch experience |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/top-stories/story/divyanka-tripathi-s-husband-vivek-dahiya-opens-up-on-his-casting-couch-experience-1509791-2019-04-25 |access-date=3 March 2022 |work=India Today |date=25 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Divyanka Tripathi engaged to Yeh Hai Mohabbatein co-star Vivek Dahiya">{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/top-stories/story/divyanka-tripathi-engaged-yeh-hai-mohabbatein-actor-vivek-dahiya-karan-patel-ssharad-malhotra-304190-2016-01-17|title=Divyanka Tripathi engaged to Yeh Hai Mohabbatein co-star Vivek Dahiya|newspaper=[[India Today]]|date=17 January 2016|access-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> He emerged as winner of the reality series ''[[Nach Baliye 8]]'' in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/628898/hunk-television.html|title=The hunk on television|date=19 August 2017|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=25 December 2019}}</ref>
He was widely appreciated for his performances in [[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa season 11]]<ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/vivek-dahiya-and-sreerama-chandra-to-participate-in-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-exclusive-2451634-2023-10-20</ref>

==Early life==
Dahiya was born on 8 November 1984 in [[Chandigarh]] in a [[Hindu]] [[Jat]] family.<ref name=birthday>{{cite news |last=Sonali |first=Kriti |date=8 November 2017 |title=Vivek Dahiya birthday wishes: Divyanka Tripathi has the cutest message, says 'no exchange offers for the wife' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/vivek-dahiya-birthday-wishes-wife-divyanka-tripathi-see-photos-4928358/ |work=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=9 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nijher |first=Jaspreet |date=2 February 2018 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/chandigarh/vivek-dahiya-has-school-reunion/articleshow/62758963.cms |title=Vivek Dahiya has school reunion in Chandigarh |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=9 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Lalwani |first1=Vickey |title=Exclusive - Divyanka Tripathi-Vivek Dahiya: Our baby will get confused because we both call each other 'Baby'! |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-divyanka-tripathi-vivek-dahiya-our-baby-will-get-confused-because-we-both-call-each-other-baby/articleshow/80909113.cms |access-date=3 March 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=14 February 2021 |language=en |quote=Vivek: I am a typical Jat and at times I don't have filters}}</ref> He pursued his master's degree M.Sc. in International Business Management from [[De Montfort University]], [[England]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/news-np/ENT-TV-check-out-unseen-pictures-of-divyanka-tripathis-fianc-vivek-dahiya-5283193-PHO.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413234114/http://daily.bhaskar.com/news-np/ENT-TV-check-out-unseen-pictures-of-divyanka-tripathis-fianc-vivek-dahiya-5283193-PHO.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 April 2016|title=Check out Unseen Pictures of Divyanka Tripathi's Fiancé Vivek Dahiya! - daily.bhaskar.com|newspaper=Bhaskar|date=26 March 2016|access-date=27 March 2016}}</ref>

==Personal life==
[[File:Divyanka_Vivek_ZRA.jpg|upright|thumb|250px|Dahiya with his wife [[Divyanka Tripathi]], 2016]]
On 8 July 2016, Dahiya married his ''[[Ye Hai Mohabbatein|Yeh Hai Mohabbatein]]'' co-actress [[Divyanka Tripathi]].<ref>{{Cite web| title = Divyanka Tripathi-Vivek Dahiya get engaged| work = India Today| date = 8 July 2016| access-date = 8 July 2016| url = https://www.indiatoday.in/television/what's-hot/story/divyanka-tripathi-vivek-dahiya-engaged-all-you-wanted-to-know-about-their-love-story-304571-2016-01-19}}</ref><ref name="ibtimes.co.in">{{cite news |title=Divyanka Tripathi-Vivek Dahiya engaged: Yeh Hai Mohabbatein actors reveal their love story [PHOTOS] |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/divyanka-tripathi-vivek-dahiya-engaged-yeh-hai-mohabbatein-actors-reveal-their-love-story-photos-663505 |access-date=13 January 2021 |work=IBTimes |date=17 January 2016 |language=en}}</ref>

==Filmography==

=== Television ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Serial
! Role
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Yeh Hai Aashiqui]]''
| Devesh
|-
| 2014–2015
| ''[[Ek Veer Ki Ardaas...Veera]]''
| ACP Rajveer Thakur
|-
| 2015–2017
| ''[[Ye Hai Mohabbatein]]''
| Inspector Abhishek Singh
|-
|2016
| ''[[Kavach (TV series)|Kavach]]''
| Rajveer Bundela
|-
| 2017
| ''[[Nach Baliye 8]]''
| Contestant/Winner
|-
| 2018–2019
| ''[[Qayamat Ki Raat]]''
| Rajvardhan Singh Suryavanshi / Raghav Sharma
|-
| 2023
| ''[[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa (season 11)|Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa]]''
| Contestant
|}

=== Web series ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Year
! Title
! Role
|-
| 2020
| ''[[State Of Siege: 26/11 (series)|State Of Siege: 26/11]]''
| Captain Rohit Bagga
|-
|2022
|''[[Pavitra Rishta|Pavitra Rishta 2]]''
|Rajveer
|}

=== Films ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Ref
|-
|2021
|''[[State of Siege: Temple Attack]]''
|Captain Rohit Bagga
|
|-
|2022
|''Jeena Abhi Baaki Hai''
|Cameo
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Jeena Abhi Baaki Hai is not just a film, it's an emotion, says Varun |url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2022/state-editions/jeena-abhi-baaki-hai-is-not-just-a-film--it---s-an-emotion--says-varun.html |access-date=28 June 2022 |work=The Pioneer |date=18 May 2022 |archive-date=10 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010182545/https://www.dailypioneer.com/2022/state-editions/jeena-abhi-baaki-hai-is-not-just-a-film--it---s-an-emotion--says-varun.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|2023
|''Chal Zindagi''
|
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=सिंह |first1=कनिका |title=विवेक दहिया को यूं अचानक मिली 'चल जिंदगी', पत्नी दिव्यांका संग है ऐसा रिश्ता जो खूबसूरती से परे है |url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/entertainment/interviews/vivek-dahiya-talks-about-chal-zindagi-movie-and-equation-with-wife-divyanka-tripathi/articleshow/100853467.cms |access-date=10 October 2023 |work=Navbharat Times |date=10 June 2023 |language=hi}}</ref>
|}

=== Music videos ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Year
! Title
! Singer
|-
| 2021
| "Aashiq Tera"
| [[Amit Mishra (singer)|Amit Mishra]]
|-
|2022
|"Main Kamina"
|Rock D, Akansha Tripathi
|-
|2026
|''Ishtam''
|Kavya Kriti, Yashraj Kapil, Salamat Khan
|}

==Awards==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Year !! Award !! Category !! Show
! Result!! Ref.
|-
| 2018 ||[[Gold Awards]]|| Most Fit Actor (Male) || {{n/a}}
| {{Won}}||<ref name="Gold Awards 2018">{{cite news |title=In Pics: Zee Gold Awards 2018 Full Winners List: Jennifer Winget, Nakuul Mehta, Mouni Roy walk away with the trophies |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/television/report-in-pics-zee-gold-awards-2018-full-winners-list-jennifer-winget-nakuul-mehta-mouni-roy-walk-away-with-the-trophies-2627274 |access-date=12 October 2018 |work=[[Daily News and Analysis]] |date=20 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621000420/http://www.dnaindia.com/television/report-in-pics-zee-gold-awards-2018-full-winners-list-jennifer-winget-nakuul-mehta-mouni-roy-walk-away-with-the-trophies-2627274 |archive-date=21 June 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{IMDb name|8665963}}

{{Nach Baliye}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dahiya, Vivek}}
[[Category:1984 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Male actors from Haryana]]
[[Category:People from Sonipat district]]
[[Category:Male actors in Hindi television]]
[[Category:Male actors from Chandigarh]]
[[Category:Alumni of De Montfort University]]
[[Category:Male actors from Mumbai]]

{{India-tv-actor-stub}}

Chief of Defence Staff (India)

2026-03-18T05:21:37Z

Ieagle:

{{short description|Overall professional head of the Indian Armed Forces}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Chief
| body = Defence Staff
| native_name =
| flag = Flag of Chief of Defence Staff (India).svg
| flagsize = 180px
| flagalt =
| flagborder =
| flagcaption = [[List of Indian flags#Inter-military syndicates|Flag of the Chief of Defence Staff]]
| image = Anil Chauhan Chief of Defence Staff (CDS).jpg
| imagesize = 190px
| alt =
| imagecaption =
| incumbent = [[General (India)|General]] [[Anil Chauhan]] {{small|[[PVSM]] [[UYSM]] [[AVSM]] [[Sena Medal|SM]] [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]}}
| acting = N
| incumbentsince = 30 September 2022
| department = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Indian Armed Forces.svg}} [[Indian Armed Forces]]
| style =
| type = [[Chief of Defence]]
| status = Overall professional head of the [[Indian Armed Forces]].
| abbreviation = CDS
| member_of = {{plainlist|
* [[Chiefs of Staff Committee (India)|Chiefs of Staff Committee]]
* [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Defence Acquisition Council]]
* [[Department of Military Affairs]]
* [[National Security Council (India)|National Security Council]]
* [[Nuclear Command Authority (India)|Nuclear Command Authority]]
}}
| reports_to = [[File:Flag of India.svg|20px]] [[President of India]] [[File:Flag of India.svg|20px]] [[Prime Minister of India]] [[File:Flag of India.svg|20px]] [[Minister of Defence (India)|Minister of Defence]]
| residence = Residence 3, Kamraj Ln, Meena Bagh, Krishna Manon Lane Area, New Delhi
| seat = Room No 104. [[Department of Military Affairs]], [[Ministry of Defence]], [[Secretariat Building, New Delhi|South Block, Secretariat Building, New Delhi]]
| nominator =
| appointer = [[Appointments Committee of the Cabinet]] [[President of India]]
| appointer_qualified =
| termlength = {{raise|0.0em|No fixed duration, only from appointment till the age of 65.}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/india/services-rules-amended-for-army-navy-and-air-force-cds-can-serve-till-65/342360/|title=Services rules amended for Army, Navy and Air Force, CDS can serve till 65|website=theprint.in|date=29 December 2019}}</ref>
| termlength_qualified =
| constituting_instrument =
| formation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2020|1|1}}
| first = [[General (India)|General]] [[Bipin Rawat]], {{post-nominals|country=IND|size=75%|PVSM|UYSM|AVSM|YSM|SM|VSM|ADC}}
| last =
| deputy = {{flagicon image|Flag of Integrated Defence Staff.svg|size=24px}} [[Chief of Integrated Defence Staff]] (CISC)
| salary = {{INRConvert|250000}} monthly<ref name="7 Pay Commission Report">{{cite web|url=http://7cpc.india.gov.in/pdf/sevencpcreport.pdf|title=Report of the 7th Central Pay Commission of India|publisher=Seventh Central [[Pay Commission]], [[Government of India]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120092637/http://7cpc.india.gov.in/pdf/sevencpcreport.pdf|archive-date=20 November 2015|url-status=dead|access-date=August 13, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cheggindia.com/govt-exams-blogs/cds-salary/#:~:text=The%20salary%20of%20the%20CDS,Staff%20on%2028%20September%202022.|title=CDS Salary 2024: Basic Pay Scale, Benefits, Perks & Allowances|website=www.cheggindia.com|date=19 January 2024}}</ref>
| website = {{official website|https://ids.nic.in/cds.php}}
| footnotes =
}}

The '''Chief of Defence Staff (CDS)''' is the [[Chief of defence|principal military authority]] and [[Military star ranking|senior-most appointment]] of the [[Indian Armed Forces]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india.gov.in/my-government/whos-who/chiefs-armed-forces|title=Chiefs of Armed Forces|website=www.india.gov.in}}</ref> Deemed the overall professional head of India’s three armed services, namely, the [[Indian Army]], the [[Indian Navy]] and the [[Indian Air Force]], the CDS is the highest-ranking military officer in service, responsible for overseeing [[Jointness|inter-service jointness]] across all disciplines related to military functioning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thewire.in/security/chief-of-defence-staff-bipin-rawat/amp/|title=Explainer: What India's First Chief of Defence Staff Is Supposed To Do|website=thewire.in|date=31 December 2019}}</ref> Primarily, the office operates on a status of ''[[primus inter pares]]'' i.e., ''first among equals'' with the chiefs of the three services, and functions as the Permanent-Chairman of the [[Chiefs of Staff Committee (India)|Chiefs of Staff Committee]] (COSC) – the inter-service syndicate responsible for ensuring the establishment and preservation of military integration.<ref name="ORF1"/>

Statutorily, the CDS is the [[Secretary to the Government of India]] of the [[Department of Military Affairs]], the [[Civil-military operations|civil-cum-military]] entity responsible for fostering professional coordination between the services, and by extension, is also the principal military advisor to the nation’s [[Civil control of the military|civilian leadership]] i.e., the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]] on affairs privy to inter-service integration; as such, the office exists primarily as an advisor and adjudicator position, endowed with no operational command control.<ref name="PIB_1">{{Cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=198899|title=Functions of Chief of Defence Staff (CDS)|website=pib.gov.in|date=3 February 2020}}</ref>

Since its formal creation in 2020, the CDS has been officiated on a rotational basis by [[Military star ranking|four-star officers]] nominated from any of the three services.<ref name="ORF1"/> Domestically, the office ranks 12th-overall in the [[Order of precedence in India|Indian order of precedence]], and is the status-equivalent of the [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]], the [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]] and the [[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|Chief of the Air Staff]]; internationally, it is identical to the [[British Armed Forces|United Kingdom's]] [[Chief of the Defence Staff (United Kingdom)|Chief of the Defence Staff]] with similar functions to [[Pakistan Armed Forces|Pakistan's]] [[Chief of Defence Forces (Pakistan)|Chief of Defence Forces]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/table_of_precedence.pdf|title=President's Secretariat|website=www.mha.gov.in|date=26 July 1979}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2131622/indian-armys-first-chief-defence-staff|title=The Indian army's first Chief of Defence Staff|website=tribune.com.pk|date=7 January 2020}}</ref>

==Description==
[[File:Secretariat Building South Block.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Secretariat Building, New Delhi|South Block, Central Secretariat]], [[New Delhi]] - where the CDS is seated.]]

===Mandate===
As the principal military authority of the Indian Armed Forces, the CDS bears responsibility for overseeing two distinct bodies, namely, the [[Chiefs of Staff Committee (India)|Chiefs of Staff Committee]] (COSC) and the [[Department of Military Affairs]] (DMA).<ref name="PIB_2">{{Cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1597425|title=Cabinet approves creation of the post of Chief of Defence Staff in the rank of four star General|website=pib.gov.in|date=24 December 2019}}</ref>

==== Chiefs of Staff Committee ====
The COSC is an inter-service syndicate of the armed forces, which functions as a principal advisory body dealing with matters related to inter-service coordination, policy formulation, and strategy development. It comprises the chiefs of the three armed services, in addition to the CDS, who acts as its ''Permanent Chairman'', responsible for the following duties:<ref name="PIB_2"/>
* Acting as the principal military advisor to the [[Minister of Defence (India)|Minister of Defence]] on all affairs related to inter-service integration, coherence, and functioning.<ref name="PIB_1"/>
* Participating as a member of the Defence Acquisition Council chaired by Minister of Defence and Defence Planning Committee chaired by [[National Security Advisor (India)|National Security Advisor]].<ref name="PIB_2"/>
* Exercising command authority over specific inter-service organizations/agencies/commands, namely, the [[Defence Cyber Agency]] (DCyA), the [[Defence Space Agency]], and the [[Armed Forces Special Operations Division]] vis-à-vis the [[Integrated Defence Staff]] (IDS).<ref name="DPG_1"/>
* Functioning as the Military Adviser to the [[Nuclear Command Authority (India)|Nuclear Command Authority]].<ref name="PIB_2"/>
* Ensuring jointness in operation, logistics, transport, training, support services, communications, repairs, and maintenance of the three armed services.<ref name="PIB_2"/><ref name="DPG_1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.delhipolicygroup.org/publication/policy-briefs/institution-of-the-chief-of-defence-staff-evaluating-the-first-year.html|title=Institution of the Chief of Defence Staff: Evaluating the First Year|website=www.delhipolicygroup.org|date=1 January 2021}}</ref>
* Assigning inter-service prioritisation to capital acquisition proposals based on the anticipated budget. And ensure optimal utilisation of infrastructure and rationalise it through jointness amongst the services.<ref name="PIB_2"/>
* Implementing Five-Year Defence Capital Acquisition Plan and Two-Year roll-on Annual Acquisition Plans, as a follow-up of Integrated Capability Development Plan.<ref name="PIB_2"/>

====Department of Military Affairs====
The DMA is one of the five departments within the Ministry of Defence, which functions as a joint civilian-cum-military syndicate tasked with overseeing administrative duties related to the headquarters of the three armed services, the [[Integrated Defence Staff]] (IDS) plus the [[Territorial Army (India)|Territorial Army]], and procurement initiatives except for capital acquisitions.<ref name="Print_1"/> Herein, the CDS acts as the department's ''ex-officio'' Secretary, responsible for the following duties:<ref name="PIB_2"/>
*Answering [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] on all affairs exclusively related to the armed forces.<ref name="Print_1">{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/modi-govt-creating-department-of-military-affairs-with-cds-a-big-bonus/340495/|title=CDS was needed. But the Modi government's creation Department of Military Affairs is a big bonus|website=theprint.in|date=25 December 2019}}</ref>
*Facilitating the restructuring of service-specific military commands to ensure the optimal utilization of resources by fostering jointness in operations, principally through the establishment of [[Indian Armed Forces Tri-Service Commands|joint-service theatre commands]].<ref name="PIB_2"/>
*Promoting [[jointness]] in procurement, training, and staffing for the three armed services through joint planning and integration of their respective requirements.<ref name="PIB_2"/>

===Ambiguities===
Although the CDS is recognized as the principal authority in the armed forces, the office has been noted to have several ambiguities as to its perceived powers and roles:
* The Ministry of Defence is categorized into five departments, of which the Defence Secretary heads the Department of Defence, whilst the CDS heads the Department of Military Affairs. However, the Cabinet Secretariat – Manual of Office Procedures, from which the Defence Secretary's powers are derived, states that the office "is the principal adviser of the Minister on all matters of policy and administration within his Ministry/Department, and his responsibility is complete and undivided";{{citation needed|date=October 2024}} thus, the manual would have indicated the Defence Secretary the officer responsible for the Ministry of Defence's five departments, including the Department of Military Affairs, which obscures the clarity of the powers held by the CDS.<ref name="Clarity">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thepeninsula.org.in/2021/01/25/chief-of-defence-staff-a-year-later-lack-of-clarity-and-an-ambiguous-mandate/|title=Chief of Defence Staff, a year later: Lack of Clarity and an ambiguous Mandate|website=www.thepeninsula.org.in|date=25 January 2021}}</ref>
* The mandate for defence of India lies with the Department of Defence but procurement initiatives except capital acquisitions lies with CDS-led Department of Military Affairs; this gives birth to a dichotomy where on one hand CDS is expected to prioritise the expenditure between the three services but the wherewithal still lies with the Defence Secretary.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.drishtiias.com/printpdf/the-big-picture-chief-of-defence-staff-role-and-responsibility|title=The Big Picture: Chief of Defence Staff: Role and Responsibility|website=www.drishtiias.com}}</ref>

===Promotion===
[[File:CDS General Bipin Rawat with COAS General Manoj Mukund Naravane, CNS Admiral Karambir Singh and CAS Air Chief Marshal R.K.S. Bhadauria after the ceremonial Guard of Honour, in New Delhi on January 01, 2020.jpg|thumb|right|General Bipin Rawat the first CDS, second-from-right, along with the three service chiefs in January 2020; his later ''acting successor'', General M. M. Naravane, is seen far-left.]]

The office of CDS has customarily been held by a [[Military star ranking|four-star officer]] from the three-armed services, specifically, either a [[General (India)|general]], [[Admiral (India)|admiral]], or [[Air chief marshal (India)|air chief marshal]].<ref name="ORF1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/cds-the-long-and-arduous-road-ahead-59717|title=CDS: The long and arduous road ahead|website=www.orfonline.org|date=31 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/cabinet-committee-on-security-clears-creation-of-chief-of-defence-staff-post/articleshow/72951813.cms?from=mdr|title=Cabinet Committee on Security clears Chief of Defence Staff post: Here are all the details|website=economictimes.indiatimes.com|date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318122847/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/cabinet-committee-on-security-clears-creation-of-chief-of-defence-staff-post/articleshow/72951813.cms?from=mdr |archive-date=18 March 2024 }}</ref> The appointment of the CDS is initiated by [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]], wherein the résumés of candidates recommended by the armed services are submitted for review, before being sent to the [[Appointments Committee of the Cabinet]].<ref name="Seniority1">{{Cite web|url=https://thewire.in/security/heres-why-the-appointment-of-indias-second-cds-is-likely-to-be-deferred-for-a-while|title=Here's Why the Appointment of India's Second CDS Is Likely to Be Deferred for a While|website=thewire.in|date=13 January 2022}}</ref>

At the time of the office's creation, no fixed structure for an [[order of succession]] existed; thus, in the formative period of the office's existence, the senior-most service chief was recommended for appointment; the first instance of this was General [[Bipin Rawat]], the then Chief of the Army Staff and senior-most amongst the three service chiefs.<ref name="Seniority1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://raksha-anirveda.com/cds-by-january-with-army-chief-general-rawat-front-runner/|title=CDS by January with Army Chief General Rawat Front Runner|website=raksha-anirveda.com|date=21 November 2019}}</ref> However, Rawat's [[2021 Indian Air Force Mil Mi-17 crash|unexpected death in 2021]] whilst in tenure exposed this flaw and left the office vacant for nine months before a successor. Accordingly, in June 2022, the Ministry of Defence established a permanent set of appointment-cum-succession rules, stating that four-star and three-star officers from the armed services, notwithstanding their status of being active or retired, would be deemed eligible candidates to be appointed, provided they hadn't attained the age of 62 at the time of appointment.<ref name="MoD">{{Cite web|url=https://images.assettype.com/barandbench/2022-06/56494444-f00a-482f-8f12-f2a18091aa08/Ministry_of_Defence_Notifications__CDS_.pdf|title=Ministry of Defence (Department of Defence) Notification|website=images.assettype.com|date=6 June 2022}}</ref>

As of 2022, the appointment regulations for CDS, whilst the same for the three services, are classified distinctively, namely:
* Indian Army: ''Army (Amendment) Rules, 2022''<ref name="MoD"/>
* Indian Navy: ''Naval Ceremonial, Conditions of Service and Miscellaneous (Amendment) Regulations, 2022''<ref name="MoD"/>
* Indian Air Force: ''Air Force (Amendment) Regulations, 2022''<ref name="MoD"/>

The first time the regulations were actively exercised was in the appointment of Lieutenant General [[Anil Chauhan]] in September 2022; Chauhan, who had retired in May 2021, was recalled to service and promoted to general.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/government-appoints-lt-general-anil-chauhan-retired-as-chief-of-defence-staff-8178843/|title=Lt Gen Anil Chauhan, former Army Commander, is new CDS|website=indianexpress.com|date=29 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thewire.in/security/cds-lieutenant-general-anil-chauhan-questions|title=Why the Elevation of Lt Gen. Anil Chauhan as CDS Is Extraordinary|website=thewire.in|date=29 September 2022}}</ref>

===Tenure===
Under an initial set of regulations established by the Ministry of Defence in December 2019,<ref name="2019_Reg">{{Cite web|url=https://www.staffnews.in/2020/01/gazette-notification-chief-of-defence-staff-office-tenure-retirement-age-etc.html|title=Gazette Notification – Chief of Defence Staff – Office, Tenure, Retirement Age etc.|website=www.staffnews.in|date=10 January 2020}}</ref> the service chiefs from the three services, namely, the [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]], the [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]] and the [[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|Chief of the Air Staff]], having completed their mandated three-year tenure or having attained the age of 62, were deemed eligible to be appointed CDS, with the chosen designate tenuring the office to the maximum deemed age of 65; unlike the service chiefs, the CDS has no fixed tenure, but only an upper age limit.<ref name="2019_Reg"/> The aforementioned 2022 regulations expanded the office's reach, allowing both active and retired officers to occupy the office until the age of 65.<ref name="MoD"/>

Previously, in the event of an abrupt stoppage during the incumbent's tenure - by termination, resignation or sudden demise, the senior-most service chief was made acting-COSC and by extension, an ''[[Ex officio member|ex officio]]''-CDS until a suitable successor was appointed; this situation has occurred only once, when General [[Manoj Mukund Naravane]], then-Chief of the Army Staff, was made acting-COSC upon the death of General Rawat, the then-incumbent CDS.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/gen-naravane-takes-charge-as-chairman-chiefs-of-staff-committee-121121600328_1.html|title=Gen Naravane takes charge as Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee|website=www.business-standard.com|date=16 December 2021}}</ref>

==Insignia==
===Command flag===
The office of CDS maintains a separate [[Flag officer|command flag]], regardless of the incumbent appointee's parent service, symbolizing the independence of the position and its associated authority from the armed services.<ref name="Description">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pw.live/exams/defence/cds-of-india/|title=CDS of India, Significance, Roles and Responsibilities|website=www.pw.live|date=9 February 2024}}</ref> The flag comprising a [[maroon]] field - representing the inter-service jointness, furnished with the [[Flag of India|National Flag of India]] in the canton and the ''inter-service insignia'' of the Indian Armed Forces - comprising [[Indian Army|twin-crossed swords]], an [[Indian Navy|unfouled anchor]] and an [[Indian Air Force|eagle]] surrounded by an [[Oak leaf cluster|oak wreath]] in gold-furnishing.<ref name="Design"/> Similar to that of the service chiefs, this particular command flag is preferably displayed on the CDS's official car and at his office.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/general-bipin-rawats-official-car-bears-new-flag20200101150024/|title=General Bipin Rawat's official car bears new flag|website=www.aninews.in|date=1 January 2020}}</ref>

===Accoutrements===
Whilst the CDS is a rotational appointment held by officers drawn from the three armed services, the CDS is an independent entity, thus mandating a distinct set of accoutrements.<ref name="Uniform"/> Notably, the CDS uniform allows the appointee to retain certain paraphernalia, such as the uniform of the appointee's parent service and its associated [[Awards and decorations of the Indian Armed Forces|decorations]]; nonetheless, it lacks a [[lanyard]], unlike the uniforms of the service chiefs.<ref name="Design"/> In addition, the office's uniform has several distinct emendations, the primary of which are undermentioned:<ref name="Design"/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width=5%|Item
! width=10%|Image
! width=40%|Description
|-
|[[Epaulette]]
|[[File:Rank insignia for India CDS.svg|35px|centre]]
|[[Maroon]] shoulder epaulette attached with the [[State Emblem of India]] atop the inter-service insignia of the Indian Armed Forces surrounded by an [[Oak leaf cluster|oak wreath]], in gold-furnishing.<ref name="Uniform">{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/defence/tri-services-insignia-no-lanyard-what-new-chief-of-defence-staffs-uniform-looks-like/342959/|title=Tri-services insignia, no lanyard – what new Chief of Defence Staff's uniform looks like|website=theprint.in|date=31 December 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[Peaked cap|Service cap]]
|[[File:Indian CDS Peak Cap.jpg|120px|centre]]
|Peak cap of the appointee's parent service, with an additional maroon band attached with the inter-service insignia surrounded by an oak wreath, in gold-furnishing.<ref name="Design">{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2019/Dec/31/swords-eagle-anchor-gen-bipin-rawat-to-don-new-uniform-as-cds-2083231.html|title=Swords, eagle, anchor: Gen Bipin Rawat to don new uniform as CDS|website=www.newindianexpress.com|date=1 January 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Belt buckle]]
|[[File:Indian CDS Belt Buckle.jpg|120px|centre]]
|[[Silver]] buckle designed with the inter-service insignia surrounded by an oak wreath, in gold-furnishing.<ref name="Uniform"/>
|-
|[[Button]]
|[[File:Indian CDS Buttons.jpg|120px|centre]]
|Gold-colored button furnished solely with inter-service insignia.<ref name="Uniform"/>
|}

== Appointees ==
The undermentioned table chronicles the appointees to the office of Chief of Defence Staff beginning from 1 January 2020 to the present-day. Ranks and honors are as at the completion of their tenure.
;Key
{{dagger}} denotes person who died in office

<nowiki>*</nowiki> denotes [[veteran]] recalled to active service

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! {{Abbr|No.|Number}}
! Portrait
! Name
! Assumed office
!Left office
!Time in office
! Service branch
! Preceding office
! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}
{{Officeholder table
| order = 1
| image = General Bipin Rawat, India's 1st Chief of Defence Staff.jpg
| military_rank = [[General (India)|General]]
| officeholder = [[Bipin Rawat]] {{post-nominals|country=IND|size=75%|sep=,|PVSM|UYSM|AVSM|YSM|SM|VSM|ADC}}
| officeholder_sort = Rawat, Bipin
| born_year = 1958
| died_year = 2021
| died = y
| term_start = 1 January 2020
| term_end = [[2021 Indian Air Force Mil Mi-17 crash|8 December 2021]]
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2020|01|01|2021|12|08}}
| defence_branch = {{army|India}}
| alt_officeholder = [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]] (31 December 2016 – 31 December 2019)
| alt_officeholder_sort =
| alt_officeholder_party =
| ref = <ref name="ndtv">{{Cite web|last=Ranjan|first=Rajeev|date=31 December 2019|editor-last=Nair|editor-first=Arun|title=General Bipin Rawat took over as Chief of Defence Staff, US Congratulates Him|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/general-bipin-rawat-to-be-chief-of-defence-staff-us-congratulates-him-2156608|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231052118/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/general-bipin-rawat-to-be-chief-of-defence-staff-us-congratulates-him-2156608|archive-date=31 December 2019|access-date=2019-12-31|website=NDTV}}</ref><ref name=cds>{{Cite web|date=8 December 2021|access-date=8 December 2021 |title=Chief of Defence Staff General Bipin Rawat, wife among 13 killed in chopper crash|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/army-chopper-crashes-in-tamil-nadu-bipin-rawat-was-reportedly-on-board/articleshow/88161974.cms|website=The Economic Times}}</ref>
}}
|-
! colspan=9| Vacant {{small|(9 December 2021–29 September 2022)}}
{{Officeholder table
| order = 2
| image = Anil Chauhan Chief of Defence Staff (CDS).jpg
| military_rank = [[General (India)|General]]
| officeholder = [[Anil Chauhan]] {{post-nominals|country=IND|size=75%|sep=,|PVSM|UYSM|AVSM|SM|VSM}}
| officeholder_sort = Chauhan, Anil
| born_year = 1961*
| died_year =
| died = n
| term_start = 30 September 2022*
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2022|09|30}}
| defence_branch = {{army|India}}
| alt_officeholder = [[Eastern Command (India)|General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Eastern Command]] (1 September 2019 – 31 May 2021)
| alt_officeholder_sort =
| alt_officeholder_party =
| ref = <ref>{{cite press release|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1863084|title=Government appoints Lt General Anil Chauhan (Retired) as Chief of Defence Staff (CDS)|publisher=PIB|date=2022-09-28}}</ref><ref> {{cite web|url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1863084|title=Government appoints Lt General Anil Chauhan (Retired) as Chief of Defence Staff (CDS)|access-date=28 September 2022}}</ref>
}}
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align : center"
|-
|Colspan=2|'''Number of CDS by branches of service'''
|-
!Branch
!Count
|-
|{{army|India}}
|2
|-
|{{navy|India}}
|0
|-
|{{air force|India}}
|0
|}

== See also ==
===Inter-service offices===
* [[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]]
* [[Chief of Integrated Defence Staff]]

===Other offices of the Indian Armed Forces===
* [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]]
* [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]]
* [[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|Chief of the Air Staff]]

===International equivalents===
* [[Chief of the Defence Staff (United Kingdom)|Chief of the Defence Staff]], [[British Armed Forces]]
* [[Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee]], [[Pakistan Armed Forces]]
* [[Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff]], [[United States Armed Forces]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin|35em}}
;Books
* {{Cite book|last=Mukherjee|first=Anit|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=45KwDwAAQBAJ|title=The Absent Dialogue: Politicians, Bureaucrats, and the Military in India|date=2019|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-090590-3|language=en}}

;Think-tanks and journals
* {{Cite web|last=Patil|first=Sameer|date=2021-12-16|title=The legacy of India's first CDS|url=https://www.gatewayhouse.in/the-legacy-of-indias-first-cds/|website=|publisher=Gateway House: Indian Council on Global Relations}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Kumar|first=Brig (Retd) V Jai|date=12 January 2021|editor-last=Bajwa|editor-first=Lt Gen JS|title=Chief of Defence Staff – Game Changer or Damp Squib?|url=http://www.indiandefencereview.com/news/chief-of-defence-staff-game-changer-or-damp-squib/|journal=Indian Defence Review|volume=36|issue=1}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Ahuja|first=Anil|date=1 January 2021|title=Institution of the Chief of Defence Staff: Evaluating the First Year|url=https://www.delhipolicygroup.org/uploads_dpg/publication_file/institution-of-the-chief-of-defence-staff-evaluating-the-first-year-2145.pdf|journal=DPG Policy Brief|publisher=Delhi Policy Group|volume=6|issue=1}}
* {{Citation|last=Venkataraman|first=R|title=Chief of Defence Staff, a year later: Lack of Clarity and an ambiguous Mandate|date=25 January 2021|url=https://www.thepeninsula.org.in/2021/01/25/chief-of-defence-staff-a-year-later-lack-of-clarity-and-an-ambiguous-mandate/?print=pdf|publisher=The Peninsula Foundation, Tamil Nadu}}

;Articles
* {{Cite web|last=Panag|first=Lt Gen H S|author-link=H. S. Panag|date=20 June 2019|title=Modi must appoint chief of defence staff – and prove India's political class isn't fearful|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/modi-must-appoint-chief-of-defence-staff-and-prove-indias-political-class-isnt-fearful/252274/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815035745/https://theprint.in/opinion/modi-must-appoint-chief-of-defence-staff-and-prove-indias-political-class-isnt-fearful/252274/|archive-date=15 August 2019|website=The Print}}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
*{{Commons category-inline|Chief of Defence Staff (India)}}

{{Chief of Defence Staff (India)}}
{{Military of India}}
{{Chief of military by country}}

[[Category:Ministry of Defence (India)]]
[[Category:Indian Army]]
[[Category:Indian Air Force]]
[[Category:Indian Navy]]
[[Category:Indian military appointments]]
[[Category:Chiefs of defence|India]]

Moonnam Pakkam

2026-03-16T13:41:38Z

Ieagle: General improvements to article content

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
|name = Moonnam Pakkam
|image = Moonnam Pakkam.jpg
|director = [[Padmarajan]]
|writer = Padmarajan
|starring = [[Jayaram]] [[Thilakan]]
|producer = Balan
|cinematography = [[Venu (cinematographer)|Venu]]
|music = [[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|editing = [[B. Lenin]]
|studio = Gandhimathi Films
|distributor = Gandhimathi Films
|released = {{Film date|1988|11|09|df=y}}
|runtime =
|language = [[Malayalam]]
|country = India
|gross =
}}
'''''Moonnam Pakkam''''' ({{langx|en|The third day}}) is a 1988 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[drama film]] written and directed by [[Padmarajan]]. It stars [[Jayaram]] and [[Thilakan]], along with Kirti Singh, [[Jagathi Sreekumar]], [[Rahman (actor)|Rahman]], [[Ashokan (actor)|Ashokan]], Ajayan and [[Surasu]] in supporting roles.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=2124|title=Moonnaampakkam|access-date=2014-10-24|publisher=www.malayalachalachithram.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://spicyonion.com/title/the-third-day-malayalam-movie/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024164739/http://spicyonion.com/title/the-third-day-malayalam-movie/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=24 October 2014|title=Moonnaampakkam|access-date=2014-10-24|publisher=spicyonion.com}}</ref> Kirti and Ajayan made their debut in this film.

The film was released on [[Diwali]] day of 9 November 1988. The film was a commercial success. Thilakan's performance in the film is considered one of his most memorable performances.<ref>{{Cite web |title='മുത്തച്ഛന്റെ ഒന്നാം പക്കം' |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/movie-news/2021/09/24/harikrishnan-about-thilakan-moonnam-pakkam.html |access-date=2022-09-19 |website=ManoramaOnline |language=ml}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2019-02-24|title='Kireedom' to 'Akashadoothu': Ten Malayalam tragedies that dried up my tears|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kireedom-akashadoothu-ten-malayalam-tragedies-dried-my-tears-97286|access-date=2021-07-06|website=The News Minute|language=en}}</ref>

==Plot==
Thampi, who retired as an accountant from the [[Indian Railways]] in the mid-1980s following his son's death, leads a solitary life in his ancestral house. Thampi's grandson Bhasker, also known as Bhasi or Pachu, is pursuing his medical studies in [[Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute|Bangalore Medical College]]. Thampi is excited when Bhasi comes along with his friends Lopez, Ranjith Menon, and Krishnankutty to spend his vacation with grandpa. Their presence brings joy and happiness into Thampi's house. Bhasi is engaged to a girl named Bhadra, who happens to be the granddaughter of Thampi's friend, a doctor.

During the vacation, Bhasi and his friends often go to the nearby beach for a swim. During one such visit, Bhasi and Lopez are pulled into the ocean, and only Lopez manages to escape. The police and the locals conduct a rescue operation in the ocean but in vain. It is believed among the locals that whatever is taken by the ocean is returned on the third day, as meant by the title of the movie.

Thampi refuses to acknowledge the fact that Bhasi is dead and puts on a brave face, consoling Bhasi's mother, his friends, and Bhadra. Eventually, Bhasi's body is found on the third day. The funeral is held on the same day, and Bhasi's friends get ready to leave the day after. They all visit the beach one last time to say goodbye to Bhasi, where they see Thampi arriving with priests to perform the funeral rites of Bhasi.

While performing the "bali," Thampi, who had lost all hope, takes the rice ball, "balichoru," in his hands. While taking the riceball, Thampi remembers about the young Bhasi swimming in the sea. By losing all the hope, Thampi proceeds to the sea. To everyone's shock, Thampi, along with the "balichoru," submits himself to the sea and commits suicide.

==Cast==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Jayaram]] as Bhaskar aka Bhasi or Pachu, a medical student
*[[Thilakan]] as Thampi, RTD accountant [[Indian Railways]]
*Kirti Singh as Bhadra, Bhasi love interest
*[[Rahman (actor)|Rahman]] as Lopez
*[[Ashokan (actor)|Ashokan]] as Ranjith Menon
*Ajayan Adoor as Krishnankutty
*[[Jagathi Sreekumar]] as Kavala
*[[Surasu]] as Doctor
*[[M. G. Soman|Soman]] as Kurup
*[[Jayabharathi]] as Bhanu, Bhasi's Mother
*[[Sulakshana (actress)|Sulakshana]] as Bhasi's Aunt
*Ragini as Bhasi's Aunt
*[[Thesni Khan]] as Vani, Bhadra's Sister
*[[Venu Nagavally]] as Jayan, Thampi's late son and Bhasi's late father
* [[Krishna Prasad (actor)|Krishna Prasad]]
* [[Jagathy N. K. Achary]] as Thampi's Friend
}}

==Production==
Major portions of the film were shot in [[Kanyakumari]] and its surrounding areas. The locations include [[Colachel]], where the ancestral house is set, and Vatta Kottai, where the fort scene and the song "Thamarakkili" were filmed. The film's art direction was handled by Kurian Sabarigiri, makeup was done by Mohandas, and [[Indrans]] designed the costumes. Surya Jones worked as the film's still photographer. Malayalam playwright [[Surasu]] played a significant role in the film as Thampi's closest friend and Bhadra's grandfather. Another playwright, [[Jagathy N. K. Achary]], made a cameo appearance as one of Thampi's friends in the film.<ref>{{cite news |title='പാർവതി മതം മാറണം, അതു നിർബന്ധമായി ചെയ്യണം': അന്നു പി.സി ജോർജ്ജ് സാറിനെ വിളിച്ചു പപ്പ |url=https://www.vanitha.in/celluloid/celebrity-interview/Jagathy-sreekumar-with-family-opens-up-vanitha-special.html |access-date=21 March 2023 |work=[[Vanitha]] |date=11 July 2022}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==

{{Track listing
| extra_column = Artist(s)
| headline = Track listing <ref>{{cite web|url=https://malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?4297|title=മൂന്നാം പക്കം (1988)|access-date=2014-10-24|publisher=malayalasangeetham.info}}</ref>
| all_lyrics = [[Sreekumaran Thampi]]
| all_music = [[Ilaiyaraaja]]

| title1 = Niramaala ( Unarumee Gaanam )
| note1 = Pathos
| extra1 = [[G. Venugopal]]

| title2 = Thaamarakkili Paadunnu
| extra2 = [[K. S. Chithra]], [[M. G. Sreekumar]], [[Ilaiyaraaja]]

| title3 = Unarumee Gaanam
| extra3 = G. Venugopal, Chorus
}}

== Contemporary reception ==
In 2019, Aradhya Kurup of ''[[The News Minute]]'' wrote, " It's a breezy watch till a few scenes before climax. But after that you witness one of the most traumatic climax scenes in Malayalam cinema. And Thilakan's performance is such that you go through the whole rollercoaster ride with him."<ref name=":0" /> ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' wrote, "A youthful Jayaram and versatile Thilakan produce a unforgettable display of love and affection between a widower and his grandchild. Thilakan's Thampi is as good as his Kochuvava from ''[[Kattukuthira]]'' (1990) or Achuthan Nair from ''[[Kireedam (1989 film)|Kireedam]]'' (1989) and ''[[Chenkol]]'' (1993), establishing his contendership for the best actor ever in Malayalam."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vineyards of passion and bloody beaches: 5 eternal Padmarajan films for movie buffs |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/galleries/entertainment/2020/jan/23/vineyards-of-passion-and-bloody-beaches-5-eternal-padmarajan-films-for-movie-buffs-102725.html |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=The New Indian Express|date=27 January 2020 }}</ref>

==Awards==
[[G. Venugopal]] won the [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Singer]] for the song "Unarumee Gaanam".

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0249027}}

{{Padmarajan}}

[[Category:1988 films]]
[[Category:1988 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:1988 drama films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Kanyakumari]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Padmarajan]]
[[Category:Films directed by Padmarajan]]
[[Category:Films scored by Ilaiyaraaja]]

Kharghar railway station

2026-03-15T20:34:08Z

Ieagle: expanded content

{{Short description|Railway Station in Maharashtra, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox station
| name = [[File:Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg|50px|up|link=Mumbai Suburban Railway]] Kharghar
| type = [[Mumbai Suburban Railway]] station
| style = Mumbai Suburban Railway
| image = Kharghar Railway Station.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = Kharghar railway station
| address =
| coordinates = {{Coord|19|01|33|N|73|03|33|E|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| line = [[Harbour line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Harbour line]]
| other =
| structure = Standard on-ground station
| platform = 4
| depth =
| levels =
| tracks = 4
| parking =
| bicycle =
| baggage_check =
| opened =
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| status = Active
| electrified = Yes
| accessible =
| code = KHAG
| owned = [[Ministry of Railways (India)|Ministry of Railways]], [[Indian Railways]]
| zone = [[Central Railways]]
| former =
| passengers =
| pass_year =
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| mpassengers =
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Mumbai Suburban Railway
|line1=Harbour|left1=CBD Belapur|right1=Mansarovar|type1=Panvel
|line2=Trans-Harbour|left2=CBD Belapur|right2=Mansarovar|type2=Panvel}}
| map_type = Mumbai
| map_dot_label = Kharghar
| route_map = {{MSR Harbour line}}{{MSR Trans-Harbour line}}
| map_state = collapsed
}}

[[File:Kharghar station platform.jpg|thumb|CST-bound local train arriving on platform No. 2]]
'''Kharghar''' is the fourth railway station from {{stnlnk|Panvel}} on the Harbour Line of the [[Mumbai Suburban Railway]] network.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsband |title=Faulty indicators at Kharghar railway station raise commuter concerns |url=https://www.newsband.in/article_detail/Faulty%20indicators%20at%20Kharghar%20railway%20station%20raise%20commuter%20concerns |access-date=2026-03-15 |website=www.newsband.in}}</ref> Local trains of the Harbour line in the Central Railway ply between {{stnlnk|Panvel}} and [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus]] stations and the Western line is connected through the [[Wadala Road railway station|Wadala Road]] station.

It takes about 65 minutes to reach Kharghar by suburban train from [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus]]. A new broad-gauge line will connect Kharghar to {{stnlnk|Karjat}} via {{stnlnk|Panvel}}. The line connecting to Karjat will be completed in 2019. Station code of Kharghar Railway Station is KHAG.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kharghar (KHAG) Railway Station: Station Code, Schedule & Train Enquiry - RailYatri |url=https://www.railyatri.in/stations/kharghar-khag |access-date=2026-03-15 |website=www.railyatri.in}}</ref>

The [[Kharghar]] station has a roof that also functions as a full-fledged parking lot which helps create an elevation statement. This idea, an effort to create value from the original brief, accommodates upwards of 1000 vehicles on daily basis functioning as a park and ride facility. Kharghar railway station covers the 2,00,000 sq.ft area.

In Kharghar station there is also bus service from station to Taloja phase 2, station to Kharghar valley Shilp, station to [[Taloje Panchnand|Taloja]] RAF.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-20 |title=Mumbai: Bus service launched from Kharghar rly stn to Tata Memorial Centre |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/mumbai-bus-service-launched-from-kharghar-rly-stn-to-tata-memorial-centre-101629444663569.html |access-date=2026-03-15 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> Kharghar Railway Station is connected to Belpada Metro Station via a dedicated flyover. This integration allows commuters to switch between the suburban railway and metro system efficiently, enhancing last-mile connectivity within Kharghar and surrounding nodes.

It has 4 Platforms.<ref>https://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/kharghar-khag/8345</ref> PF 1 for the trains going towards Panvel and PF 2 for trains towards Thane/Goregaon/CSMT. The other two are used for Parking of trains.

== References ==
<references />
{{commons category|Kharghar railway station}}
{{Mumbai – Suburban Railway, Harbour}}
{{Mumbai - Suburban Railway, Trans-Harbour}}

[[Category:Railway stations in Raigad district]]
[[Category:Mumbai Suburban Railway stations]]
[[Category:Mumbai CR railway division]]
[[Category:Transport in Navi Mumbai]]

{{Maharashtra-railstation-stub}}

Matli Chiefs

2026-03-11T21:51:49Z

Ieagle: created new post added tags - done

{{Short description|Medieval Kadapa ruling clan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
The '''Matla Chiefs''' (also spelled '''Matli''') were a family of regional chieftains who ruled parts of the [[Kadapa district|Cuddapah district]] (modern-day Kadapa) in [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]. They held sway primarily over the region of Siddhavatam and were active from at least the early 16th century until the early 19th century. The family's political influence, martial involvement, and local governance are documented through inscriptions and historical accounts.<ref name="Chetty1945">A. Subbaraya Chetty. "Matla Chiefs of Cuddapah District." ''Proceedings of the Indian History Congress'', vol. 8, 1945, pp. 317–321. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/45435440]</ref>

== Historical background ==

The Matla chiefs ruled over [[Siddavatam|Siddhavatam]] and surrounding areas including [[Jammalamadugu]], Cuddapah, and parts of [[Chitvel|Chitveli]]. Inscriptions and kaifiyats refer to this family under various forms—Matla, Matli, and Metla—and identify them as having a long-standing local presence. Some members of the family assumed the title of ''Raja'', and their territory was occasionally regarded as a semi-independent principality.<ref name="Chetty1945" />

The family is recorded in inscriptions as claiming descent from the Deva-Choda lineage of the [[Solar dynasty|Solar race]].<ref name="Raman1975">Raman, K.V. (1975). ''Sri Varadarajaswami Temple, Kanchi: A Study of Its History, Art and Architecture''. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications. p. 31. [https://books.google.co.in/books?id=myK8ZYEIu4YC&pg=PA31]</ref> A prominent member of the lineage, Matli Varadaraju, is described in an inscription at the Varadaraja temple in [[Kanchipuram]] as the son of Somaraja and a chief of the Matli family. He was married to Krishnamma, daughter of Emperor [[Krishnadevaraya]], and is referred to by honorifics such as Kaveri-Vallabha, Katikasurahara, and Gajasimha. He is also recorded as a donor to the Vishnu shrine at [[Tirupati]] around A.D. 1544.<ref name="Raman1975" />

One of the earliest documented chiefs mentioned in regional kaifiyats is Matla Anantaraju, who held military and administrative authority in Siddhavatam. He is also associated with temple-building and the issuing of land grants. Another notable figure was Tirumalaraju, who is mentioned in epigraphic records related to Penagaluru. He converted that village into an agrahara and gifted it to [[Brahmin|Brahmins]].<ref name="Chetty1945" />

== Military role and governance ==

The Matla chiefs were actively involved in the regional politics of the time, participating in campaigns and resisting rival chieftains. They maintained a fort at Siddhavatam, which served as their primary base. According to historical records, the fort eventually came under siege by the [[British Empire|British]] when the region was ceded to them by the [[Nizam of Hyderabad]]. The Matla family was among the last to resist British occupation in the area.<ref name="Chetty1945" />

== Involvement in Gandikota affairs ==

The Matla chiefs played a role in the political history of [[Gandikota]] during the late 16th century. According to historian Yellapragada Sriramamurty, Matli Ellamaraju supported the imperial forces of Venkata II in suppressing a rebellion by Nandela Krishnamaraja at the fort of Gandikota. At the Battle of Jambulamadugu, Ellamaraju fought alongside [[Pemmasani Nayaks|Pemmasani Timmanayaka]] against the rebel chieftain, who was ultimately defeated and taken captive. As a reward for their support, the fort of Gandikota and its adjoining territory were granted to Matli Ellamaraju and Pemmasani Timmanayaka.<ref name="Sriramamurty1958">Yellapragada Sriramamurty. "Political History of Gandikota During the Vijayanagar Period (1336–1669 A.D.)", ''Proceedings of the Indian History Congress'', vol. 21, 1958, pp. 284–289.</ref>

Another chief, Matli Kumara Anantaraja, was involved in a territorial conflict with Pemmasani Timmanayudu, the governor of Gandikota. A peace agreement was reached in which Chilamkuru ([[Duvvur|Duvvuru]] Taluk) was established as the boundary between their estates. The land to the east was allotted to Matli Kumara Anantaraja, while the western part was assigned to Pemmasani Timmanayudu.<ref name="Sriramamurty1958" />

== Decline ==

With the transfer of [[Rayalaseema]] to the British in the early 19th century, the political autonomy of the Matla chiefs declined. The fort at Siddhavatam was captured after a prolonged siege, marking the end of the family's regional rule.<ref name="Chetty1945" />

== Legacy ==

The history of the Matla chiefs is preserved in epigraphs, kaifiyats, and colonial-era district records. While their prominence has diminished in modern historical discourse, they played a significant role in the local governance, temple patronage, and socio-political dynamics of Cuddapah district over several centuries.<ref name="Chetty1945" />

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Telugu monarchs]]
[[Category:Dynasties of India]]

Aswathy Sreekanth

2026-03-07T11:57:52Z

Ieagle: added new article.

{{Short description|Indian actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox social media personality
| name = Aswathy Sreekanth
| image = Aswathy Sreekanth.jpg
| birth_name = Aswathy Ashok
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Thodupuzha]], [[Kerala]], India
| alma_mater = Alphonsa College, Palai
| nationality = 
| parents = 
| spouse = {{marriage|Sreekanth T. S|2012}}
| children = 2
| other_names =
| occupation = {{hlist|Actress|writer|[[television presenter|presenter]]}}
| website =
| years_active =
| youtube_id = UC9DfwCchya9g48FGJzFemOw
| youtube_display_name = Life Unedited - Aswathy Sreekanth
| youtube_years_active = 2011{{Endash}}present
| youtube_genre = Lifestyle, Motivation, Couple Vlogs
| youtube_subscribers = 486 thousand<ref>{{cite web |title=Life Unedited – Aswathy Sreekanth YouTube Stats |url=https://socialblade.com/youtube/channel/UC9DfwCchya9g48FGJzFemOw |website=Socialblade |access-date=21 June 2025}}</ref>
| youtube_views = 117 million<ref>{{cite web |title=Life Unedited – Aswathy Sreekanth YouTube Stats |url=https://socialblade.com/youtube/channel/UC9DfwCchya9g48FGJzFemOw |website=Socialblade |access-date=21 June 2025}}</ref>
| stats_update = 2 November 2025
}}

'''Aswathy Sreekanth''' is an Indian [[television actress]], [[television host]], writer<ref>{{cite news |author=Mollywood Entertainment |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/181017/the-presenter-turns-writer.html |access-date=27 August 2021 |title=The presenter turns writer |date=18 October 2017 |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en-IN}}</ref> and [[YouTuber]] from [[Kerala]].<ref>{{cite news |author=Television Desk |url=https://malayalam.indianexpress.com/television/aswathy-sreekanth-talking-about-her-youtube-channel-life-unedited-544187/ |access-date=26 August 2021 |title=എനിക്ക് പറയാൻ ഒരുപാട് കാര്യങ്ങളുണ്ട്, അതിനായ് ഒരിടം; പുതിയ തുടക്കത്തെക്കുറിച്ച് അശ്വതി ശ്രീകാന്ത് |date=19 August 2021 |work=The Indian Express |language=ml}}</ref> She is best known for her portrayal of Asha Uthaman in ''[[Chakkappazham]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=നിങ്ങൾക്ക് ഇതൊരു പരീക്ഷണമായില്ലെങ്കിൽ ഞാൻ രക്ഷപെട്ട്'; പുതിയ വേഷത്തിൽ അശ്വതി |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/spice-entertainment/ashwathy-srikanths-new-series-chakkappazham-qep59n |access-date=21 August 2020 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=ml}}</ref> She received the [[Kerala State Television Award for Best Actress]] in 2020 for Chakkappazham.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://malayalam.indianexpress.com/television/state-television-award-2020-winners-list-552535 |title=State Television Award: Best Actress Ashwathy, Actor Shivaji Guruvayoor|date=September 2021 }}</ref>

== Personal life ==
On 23 August 2012, Aswathy is married to her long time boyfriend Sreekanth T. S.<ref>{{cite news |author=Arya UR |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/aswathy-sreekanth-celebrates-her-sixth-wedding-anniversary/articleshow/65518475.cms |access-date=27 August 2021 |title=Aswathy Sreekanth celebrates her sixth wedding anniversary |date=23 August 2018 |work=The Times of India |language=en-IN}}</ref> The couple has two daughters. In March 2021, she announced her second pregnancy.<ref>{{cite news |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/aswathy-sreekanth-announces-pregnancy-with-a-cute-post-says-heres-the-answer-to-real-or-reel-questions/articleshow/81583719.cms |access-date=27 August 2021 |title=Aswathy Sreekanth announces pregnancy with a cute post; says, "here's the answer to real or reel questions" |date=19 March 2021 |language=en-IN}}</ref> She gave birth to her second daughter in August 2021.<ref>{{cite news |author=മനോരമ ലേഖകൻ |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/style/love-n-life/2021/08/31/actress-aswathy-sreekanth-blessed-with-baby-girl.html |access-date=31 August 2021 |title='അമ്മയ്ക്കും കുഞ്ഞിനും സുഖം'; സന്തോഷവാർത്ത പങ്കുവച്ച് അശ്വതി ശ്രീകാന്ത് |date=31 August 2021 |publisher=Manoramma Online |language=ml-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/chakkappazham-actress-aswathy-sreekanth-blessed-with-a-baby-girl/articleshow/85801996.cms |access-date=31 August 2021 |title=Chakkappazham actress Aswathy Sreekanth blessed with a baby girl named Kamala |date=31 August 2021 |language=en-IN}}</ref>

== Career ==
Aswathy started her career in 2010 as [[radio personality]] at [[Red FM 93.5]] based in [[Kochi]]. After her marriage, she moved to [[Dubai]].<ref name = "ACTING">{{cite news |author=ഹണി ഭാസ്ക്കർ |title=What is life without taking some risks: Aswathy Sreekanth on her acting debut |access-date=3 September 2021 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/what-is-life-without-taking-some-risks-aswathy-sreekanth-on-her-acting-debut/articleshow/77443358.cms |date=9 August 2020 |work=The Times of India |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=അജിത് |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/homestyle/spot-light/2018/06/28/aswathy-sreekanth-home-family.html |accessdate=14 September 2021 |title=അശ്വതിയുടെ വീട്ടുവിശേഷങ്ങൾ |date=3 July 2018 |publisher=Manoramma online |language=ml-IN}}</ref>
Aswathy began writing her first memoir, ''Tta yillatha Muttayikal'', in 2017. The book is semi-autobiographical and a major part captures her childhood experiences in Thodupuzha.<ref>{{cite news |author=ഹണി ഭാസ്ക്കർ |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/women/interviews/2017/10/17/interview-with-aswathy-sreekanth.html |accessdate=28 August 2021 |title=അശ്വതി ശ്രീകാന്ത്; അവതാരകയിൽ നിന്നും 'ഠാ'യില്ലാത്ത മിട്ടായിയിലേക്കൊരു പെൺദൂരം |date=17 October 2017 |publisher=Manoramma online |language=ml-IN}}</ref>
Aswathy started her YouTube channel in 2021.<ref>{{cite news |author=Arya UR |url=https://m.vanitha.in/celluloid/multiplex/aswathy-sreekanth-about-her-youtube-channel.html |access-date=3 September 2021 |title='എന്റെ ഇൻബോക്സിൽ എത്തുന്ന ഒരുപാട് ചോദ്യങ്ങൾക്ക് മറുപടിയാവാനുള്ള ഒരു ശ്രമം': പുതിയ സംരംഭവുമായി അശ്വതി |date=12 August 2021 |publisher=Vanitha |language=ml-IN}}</ref>

== Published works ==

*{{cite book |last1=Sreekanth |first1=Aswathy. |title=Kaali |date=11 January 2024 |publisher=DC Books |location=Kerala, India |isbn=9789357327312 |edition=7th}}
*{{cite book |last1=Sreekanth |first1=Aswathy. |title="Tta" yillatha Muttayikal |date=28 February 2021 |publisher=Saikatham Books |location=Kerala, India |isbn=9789386222473 |edition=6th}}
*{{cite book |last1=Sreekanth |first1=Aswathy. |title=Mazhayurumbukalude Rajyam |date=1 January 2018 |publisher=Saikatham Books |location=Kerala, India |isbn=978-9388343268 |edition=1st}}

== Filmography ==

=== As actor ===
{{Pending films key}}
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Film
! scope="col" | Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2019 || ''[[Puzhikkadakan]]'' || TV Host || Debut Movie
|-
| 2021 || ''[[Kunjeldho]]'' || Kala Teacher ||<ref name="auto">{{cite news |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2019/sep/03/shoot-begins-for-asif-alis-kunjeldho-2028014.html |title=Shoot begins for Asif Ali's 'Kunjeldho' |work=The New Indian Express |date=3 September 2019 |accessdate=2 September 2021}}</ref>
|-
| 2023 || ''[[Theeppori Benny]]'' || Dincy ||
|-
| 2024 || ''[[Mandakini (2024 film)|Mandakini]]'' || Ajitha ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-04-06 |title=Althaf Salim-Anarkali Marikar starrer Mandakini gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/Apr/06/althaf-salim-anarkali-marikar-starrer-mandakini-gets-a-release-date |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 2024 || ''Sambhava Sthalathu Ninnum'' || Collector||<ref>https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/sambavasthalathu-ninnum/ET00409540</ref>
|-
| 2025 || ''Flask''|| Nisha ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=Express |date=2025-02-12 |title=Saiju Kurup & Suresh Krishna starrer Flask completes shooting |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2025/Feb/12/saiju-kurup-suresh-krishna-starrer-flask-completes-shooting |access-date=2025-07-06 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== As lyricist ===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Song
! scope="col" | Film
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
|2021||Farewell Song||''[[Kunjeldho]]''||Debut as Lyricist<ref name="auto"/>
|-
|2021
|Pen Poove
|[[Kunjeldho]]
|
|}

== Television ==

=== As actor ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="margin-right: 0;"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Channel
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| 2020–2024
| ''[[Chakkappazham]]''
| Asha Uthaman
| [[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Mom-to-be Aswathy Sreekanth is back as Asha; says, 'Will be there before the upcoming mandatory break' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/mom-to-be-aswathy-sreekanth-is-back-as-asha-says-will-be-there-before-the-upcoming-mandatory-break/articleshow/84173507.cms |work=The Times of India |date=6 July 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== TV shows ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Channel
! Notes
! | {{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
|2015-2016||''Comedy Super Nite''||Co-Host (with [[Suraj Venjaramoodu]])||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]||TV Debut||<ref>{{cite news |title=Watch: Aswathy Sreekanth reminisces her first day of hosting a TV show |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/watch-aswathy-sreekanth-reminisces-her-first-day-of-hosting-a-tv-show/articleshow/77066197.cms |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=20 July 2020}}</ref>
|-
|2015||''Smart Show''||Participant||Flowers||
|-
|2016-2017||''Malayali Veettamma''||Co-Host (With [[Sanju Sivram]]||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]|| ||<ref>{{cite news |author=Arya UR |title='Malayali Veettamma' has been introspective experience |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/hosting-malayali-veettamma-has-been-introspective-for-me-aswathy-sreekanth/articleshow/61090025.cms |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=16 October 2017}}</ref>
|-
|2017-2018||''Comedy Super Nite 3''||Co-Host (With [[Suraj Venjaramoodu]])||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]|| ||
|-
|2017||''Flowers TV Awards''||Host||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]|| ||
|-
|2018||''Flowers Indian Film Awards 2018''||Host||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]|| ||
|-
|2018||''Sreekandan Nair Show''||Co-Host (With [[Sreekandan Nair]])||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]||[[Guinness World Record]] Special episode ||
|-
|2018||''Comedy Masala''||Host||[[Amrita TV]]|| ||<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.keralatv.in/comedy-masala-amrita-show |title=Comedy Masala – A Super Hit Comedy Show On Amrita TV From 16th April 2018 |work=keralatv.in |date=4 December 2018 |accessdate=2 September 2021}}</ref>
|-
|2018||''[[Nayika Nayakan]]''||Co-Host (with [[Dain Davis]])||[[Mazhavil Manorama]]||Replaced [[Pearle Maaney]] ||<ref>{{cite news |author=Litty SimonS |title='Nayika Nayakan' host Aswathy Sreekanth on why presence of mind matters |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2018/08/13/aswathy-sreekanth-host-writer-rj-work-life.html |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=On Manoramma |date=13 August 2018}}</ref>
|-
|2018 ||''News''||News reader||Twenty Four||
||
|-
|2019 ||''[[Comedy Nights with Suraj]]''||Co-Host (with [[Suraj Venjaramoodu]])||[[Zee Keralam]]||
||<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/comedy-nights-with-suraj-actor-dileep-to-be-the-first-guest/articleshow/68269911.cms |title=Comedy Nights with Suraj: Actor Dileep to be the first guest |work=The Times of India |date=5 March 2019 |access-date=2 September 2021}}</ref>
|-
|-
|2019||''Padam Namukku Padam''||Host||[[Mazhavil Manorama]]||Replaced Addis Antony Akkara ||<ref>{{cite news |work=The Times of India |title=Watch: TV host Aswathy Sreekanth enjoys a special moment on the sets of 'Paadam Namukku Paadam' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/watch-tv-host-aswathy-sreekanth-enjoys-a-special-moment-on-the-sets-of-paadam-namukku-paadam/articleshow/70858165.cms |access-date=27 August 2021 |date=27 October 2019}}</ref>
|-
|2019-2020||''Ammayum Kunjum''||Judge||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]|| ||
|-
|2020–2021||''Comedy Super Show''||Host||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]|| ||<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/jayaram-to-host-comedy-super-show/articleshow/73903284.cms |title=Jayaram to host Comedy Super Show |work=The Times of India |date=3 February 2020 |access-date=2 September 2021}}</ref>
|-
|2021||''Samrambhaka''||Host||[[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]]|| Replaced by [[Jewel Mary]]||
|-
|2022–Present||''Kaliyalla Kalyanam''||Host||[[YouTube]]||Web series chat show on Behindwood ice||
|-
|2022-2023||''Njanum Entalum''||Host||[[Zee Keralam]]||||
|-
|2023||''Flowers Oru Kodi''||Participant||Flowers||||
|-
|2023||''Rasakadhanayakan Jayaram''||Co-host||[[Amrita TV]]|| Onam special show ||
|}

== Accolades ==

*2020, [[Kerala State Television Award for Best Actress]] for ''[[Chakkappazham]]'' <ref>{{cite web |url=https://malayalam.indianexpress.com/television/state-television-award-2020-winners-list-552535 |title=ഇളയമകൾ വന്നതിനു പിന്നാലെ മികച്ച നടിക്കുള്ള അവാർഡും നേടി അശ്വതി; രണ്ടാമത്തെ നടനായി സുമ; വിശേഷങ്ങൾ! |language=ml |author=Samayam Desk |date=1 September 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kerala-jury-finds-no-television-serial-worthy-state-award-year-154688 |title=Kerala jury finds no television serial worthy of state award this year |language=en |author=The News Minute |date=1 September 2021 |access-date=1 September 2021}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|10547834}}
* {{commons category-inline}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sreekanth, Aswathy}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:People from Idukki district]]
[[Category:Indian video jockeys]]
[[Category:Indian women television presenters]]
[[Category:Indian television presenters]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam television]]
[[Category:Indian soap opera actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses from Kerala]]
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]
[[Category:Television personalities from Kerala]]
[[Category:Malayalam poets]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:Writers from Kerala]]
[[Category:Indian radio presenters]]
[[Category:Indian radio personalities]]
[[Category:Kerala State Television Award winners]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language lyricists]]
[[Category:Indian YouTubers]]
[[Category:Lifestyle YouTubers]]
[[Category:YouTube vloggers]]

Manjunath Mural

2026-03-03T20:34:37Z

Ieagle: created initial entry first draft - done

{{Short description|Indian chef}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=June 2012}}
{{notability|Biographies|date=June 2012}}
{{original research|date=June 2012}}
}}
[[File:Manjunath Mural at Song of India 2014.jpg|thumb|This is a photo of Manjunath Mural after preparing a dish in the kitchen at Song of India in 2014.]]
'''Manjunath Mural''' (born 10 May 1973) is the executive [[chef]] of The Song of India restaurant in [[Singapore]]. His specialty is modern [[Indian cuisine]]. His cooking has won him several awards.

== Family background ==
Born on 10 May 1973, Manjunath Mural, son of Parashuram Mural, was brought up in [[Mumbai]], India. His father, younger brother and sister are all doctors. His mother died of cancer when he was young.

== Education ==
In 1993, Mural decided that rather than work in medicine, he would prefer a life in the hospitality industry. He studied hotel management and food production at IHMCTAN{{clarify|what is IHMCTAN?|date=April 2018}} in Bangalore, India, with the aim of becoming a room service manager. His interest in cooking began in 1996 during a 6-month training course at the [[Taj President]], a 5-star hotel at Cuffe Parade in [[Mumbai|Mumbai India]]. Working in different kitchens, his interest grew and he decided that he would like to be a chef. He went back to IHMCTAN for a final year and won 2nd place in a cooking competition. He was then selected to represent the college in a national cooking competition.

== Career ==
Mural returned to Mumbai after his studies due to his mother's death. His desire to become a chef led him to join The Resort, a five star hotel at [[Madh Island]] in Mumbai. While working he continued to put in effort for better opportunities and was later selected as management trainee in kitchen at Centaur Hotel at Juhu Beach in Mumbai. While completing his management programme he had the opportunity to work with renowned master chef [[Sanjeev Kapor]] and celebrity chef Milind Sovani. Later he was appointed as ''chef de partie'' and he continued to specialise in Indian cuisine, working in main kitchen and banquets. He was then given opportunity to be in charge of the northern Indian speciality restaurant called Pakhtoon and ran the restaurant kitchen operation.

He assisted and contributed to the five star recipe book ''Sanjeev Kapoor's Khana Khazana: Celebration of Indian Cookery''. Later also he worked in Sahara Amby valley before joining five star hotel- The Retreat at Madh Island as sous chef.

He later worked at Marriott Renaissance at Powai, Mumbai as junior sous chef.

On 19 February 2006, Mural arrived in Singapore and joined as sous chef to start up The Song of India under Milind Sovani where he contributed to building the reputation of The Song of India as one of the renowned famous Indian restaurants in Singapore. Mural led the team from The Song of India to win the bronze medal 2006 in a chefs competition held by the Restaurant association of Singapore.

In 2007, he won the gold medal in gourmet hunt Singapore 2007 for The Song of India.

In 2009, [[Channel News Asia]] ran a reality TV show as a chefs competition and Mural won 2nd place which gave him media recognition.

In 2011, Mural was promoted to corporate chef of The Song of India group. Apart from managing the operations for The Song of India, he put in extra effort and created a new brand for The Song of India Group, Indian Express, to share his love for food to the mass market. He was nominated for World Gourmet Awards, KitchenAid Chef of the Year 2011 and USA Poultry & Egg Export Council Asian Cuisine Chef of the Year.

In 2012, Mural participated in [[World Gourmet Summit]] and also has nominations as best Asian chef of the year, chef of the year, World Gourmet Awards, The Miele Guide's The 2nd Annual Chef of Chefs Award and awarded People's Choice award for best Asian chef. In June, he was awarded chef of the month from Cuisine & Wine magazine. Mural was also a participant in the Asian Masters Masterchef Workshop.

During the visit of chef [[Vikas Khanna]] ( Michelin star chef from Junoon New York ) to Singapore in May 2012, Mural invited him to work together in The Song of India as part of World Gourmet Summit. They co-hosted two events ″A Week Long Promotion of Epicurean Delights″ and ″Culinary Sensations at The Song of India: Up Close & Personal with Vikas Khanna″.

In March 2013, Mural was once again invited by Channel News Asia for an interview and cooking demonstration. In the same month, he also took part March Home 2013's cooking demo. In April, Mural has been invited to participate in World Gourmet Summit 2013 and Savour 2013. Mural was invited to Asian Masters organised by OCBC in November 2013.

In May 2014, Buzzoop, an Indian news blog, listed Mural as 11 in their list of Top 15 chefs India 2013.

In 2015, Chef Mural was invited as guest chef for SAVOUR held in Shanghai, a gastronomic, regional pop-up event. He was amongst several other Michelin star chefs like [[Alvin Leung]] of Bo Innovation (Hong Kong), Laurent Peugeot of Le Charlemagne (France), as well as progressive international stars such as [[Mads Refslund]] (co-founder of [[Noma (restaurant)|Noma]] in Copenhagen and consulting chef for ACME New York).

In 2016, Chef Mural earned a Michelin star as Executive Chef for Song of India. It is the first time an Indian restaurant in South East Asia has been awarded a Michelin star.

In 2017, he once again led his team at The Song of India to garner a Michelin star - still the only Indian restaurant in Southeast Asia to have the honour.

In 2018, he led The Song of India to score a hat trick as the restaurant was awarded a Michelin star for the third consecutive year in a row.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/food/full-list-of-michelin-starred-restaurants-for-2018|title = Full list of Michelin-starred restaurants for 2018; read Wong Ah Yoke's reviews|newspaper = The Straits Times|date = 25 July 2018}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.thesongofindia.com/ The Song of India]
* [http://www.chefmural.com/ Manjunath Mural]
*[https://www.careerahead.in/post/q-a-with-chef-manjunath-mural Q&A with Manjunath Mural]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mural, Manjunath}}
[[Category:1973 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Indian chefs]]

Pelli Peetalu

2026-03-03T18:25:44Z

Ieagle: updated details

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Pelli Peetalu
| image = Pelli Peetalu.jpg
| caption = DVD cover
| director = [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
| producer = [[V. B. Rajendra Prasad]]
| story = [[Kamal (director)|Kamal]]
| writer = Diwakar Babu (Dialogues)
| screenplay = S. V. Krishna Reddy
| starring = [[Jagapati Babu]] [[Soundarya]]
| music = S. V. Krishna Reddy
| cinematography = Sarath
| editing = K. Ramgopal Reddy
| based_on = ''[[Ee Puzhayum Kadannu]]'' (1996)
| studio = Jagapati Art Pictures
| released = {{Film date|1998|7|16|df=yes}}
| runtime = 141 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
}}

'''''Pelli Peetalu''''' ({{translation|Wedding Seats}}) is a 1998 [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[romantic comedy]] film directed by [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]. It stars [[Jagapati Babu]], [[Soundarya]] with music composed by S. V. Krishna Reddy. It is produced by [[V. B. Rajendra Prasad]] under the Jagapati Art Pictures banner.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/ppetalu.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990202111601/http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/ppetalu.htm | archive-date=2 February 1999 | title=Reviews }}</ref> The film was a hit at the box office<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/423247/getting-his-groove-back.html|title=Getting his groove back
|work=[[Deccan Herald]]}}</ref> as well as a musical hit and received positive reviews. The film was a remake of the Malayalam film ''[[Ee Puzhayum Kadannu]]'' (1996).

==Plot==
Gopi is a simple and self-respecting guy who runs a watch-repair shop in his hometown. He loves his neighbor Anjali, who lives with her elder sisters Aswini & Aruna and their grandmother. Anjali is the family's only breadwinner, and their stepbrother, Raghu, vexes them. Gopi & Anjali run into each other a few times, and they fall in love and would love to be together. However, Anjali hesitates due to her unmarried elder siblings. At that point, Gopi takes up her responsibilities and performs dumb Aswini's nuptial with his mate Brahmaji. Next, he learns about Aruna's love affair with a guy, Ravindra, but his greedy mother seeks a 1 lakh dowry. Hence, Gopi sells his business and liens his self-respect by accepting a job proposal from shop owner Tatabbai. Just before the wedding, unfortunately, Raghu steals the ornaments. In that quarrel, Gopi accidentally kills Raghu. Right now, Gopi and Anjali encounter many difficulties in completing marriage by hiding the truth. Soon after, Gopi surrenders to the Police and is sentenced to 5 years. Finally, the movie ends on a happy note, with Gopi returning and Anjali giving him a warm welcome.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Jagapathi Babu]] as Gopi
* [[Soundarya]] as Anjali (Voice Dubbed by Saritha )
* [[Giri Babu]] as Rama Chandra Murthy
* [[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandra Mohan]] as Chandram
* [[Kota Srinivasa Rao]] as Raghavayya
* [[Tanikella Bharani]] as Tatabbai
* [[Ananda Vardhan|Aanand Vardhan]] as Cable
* [[Sudhakar (actor)|Sudhakar]] as Veera Babu
* [[Brahmaji]] as Brahmaji
* [[Raja Ravindra]] as Ravindra
* [[Sivaji Raja]]
* Hemanth as Raghu
* [[Chittajalu Lakshmipati]]
* [[Subbaraya Sharma]]
* [[Chitti Babu Punyamurthula|Chitti Babu]] as a bus conductor
* Mithai Chitti as a vegetable seller
* [[Uttej]]
* [[Sudha (Telugu actress)|Sudha]] as Amrutham, Chandram's wife
* [[Rajitha]] as Veera Babu's wife
* [[Anchor Jhansi|Jhansi]] as Aruna
* Shilpa ([[Chippy (actress)|Chippy]]) as Aswini
* Tatineni Rajeswari as Anjali's Mother
* [[Telangana Shakuntala]] as Shakuntala, Ravindra's Mother
* [[Nirmalamma]] as Subba Lakshmi Anjali's grandmother
{{colend}}

== Music ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Pelli Peetalu
| type = film
| artist = [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 1998
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = Soundtrack
| length = 31:50
| label = Music Two Thousand
| producer = [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
| prev_title = Deerga Sumangali Bhava
| prev_year = 1998
| next_title = Manasulo Maata
| next_year = 1999
}}

Music was composed by [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]. Lyrics written by [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]]. The music released on Music Two Thousand Company. Singer [[K. S. Chithra]] has sung five songs for this film.
{{Track listing
| collapsed =
| headline =
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 31:50
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
| writing_credits =
| lyrics_credits =
| music_credits =
| title1 = Chita Pata Chinikulu
| extra1 = [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[K. S. Chithra|K.S.Chithra]]
| length1 = 4:12
| title2 = Jil Jil Jil (F)
| extra2 = K.S.Chithra
| length2 = 4:53
| title3 = Mohanam Mohanam
| extra3 = Krishnamraju, Pallavi
| length3 = 4:51
| title4 = E Chaka Chaka
| extra4 = K.S.Chithra, Krishnamraju, [[Sowmya Raoh]]
| length4 = 4:11
| title5 = Jil Jil Jil
| extra5 = K.S.Chithra, Srinivas
| length5 = 3:02
| title6 = Pelli Peetalu
| extra6 = K.S.Chithra, [[Mano (singer)|Mano]], Nitya Santhoshini
| length6 = 5:30
| title7 = Yamuna Tarangam
| extra7 = [[Unni Krishnan]], Pallavi
| length7 = 4:05
| title8 = Rajelu Velliginchu (Slokam)
| extra8 = Pallavi
| length8 = 1:06
}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{S. V. Krishna Reddy}}

[[Category:1998 romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:1998 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:1998 Indian films]]
[[Category:1998 films]]
[[Category:Films about Indian weddings]]
[[Category:Films about women in India]]
[[Category:Films directed by S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
[[Category:Films scored by S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
[[Category:Films shot in Hyderabad, India]]

[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]

[[Category:Telugu remakes of Malayalam films]]

Peddannayya

2026-03-03T18:25:30Z

Ieagle: Put up a pg - done

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Peddannayya
| image = Peddannayya_(1997_film).jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| writer = [[Paruchuri Brothers]] {{small|(story / dialogues)}}
| screenplay = Sarath
| producer = Nandamuri Ramakrishna
| director = Sarath
| starring = [[Nandamuri Balakrishna]] [[Roja Selvamani|Roja]] [[Indraja]]
| music = [[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
| cinematography = Nandamuri Mohana Krishna
| editing = [[Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao]]
| studio = [[Ramakrishna Studios|Ramakrishna Horticultural Cine Studios]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1997|1|10}}
| runtime = 146 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget = 
| gross = 
}}

'''''Peddannayya''''' ({{translation|Big Brother}}) is a 1997 [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[drama (film and television)|drama film]] directed by Sarath and produced by Nandamuri Ramakrishna under [[Ramakrishna Studios|Ramakrishna Horticultural Cine Studios]]. It stars [[Nandamuri Balakrishna]], [[Roja Selvamani|Roja]] and [[Indraja]], with music composed by [[Koti (composer)|Koti]]. The film was recorded as a blockbuster at the box office.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinejosh.com/news/3/34900/balakrishna-hits-and-flops.html|title=Balakrishna's Hits and Flops|date=11 June 2014 |publisher=}}</ref>

==Plot==
The film begins with Ramakrishna Prasad, a supreme authority of the terrain who holds a family feud with malevolent Bhaskar Rayudu, a big gun. The two used to be besties in the past. Ramakrishna is paterfamilias to his conscientious joint family. He only cares for his three cousins, Sai Prasad, Durga Prasad, & Bhavani Prasad, and their mother. Plus, they, too, esteem him as a deity. Seeta Mahalakshmi is a spirited woman who has patiently waited to knit Ramakrishna for 15 years. Since he pledged to be unmarried until his siblings settled, even she swears not to burn until he ties the knot. Besides, Bhavani is a cheerful, naughty medico who squabbles with his colleague Sravani.

Apart from this, Durga loves vainglory woman Neelaveni, the daughter of Bhaskar Rayudu's sidekick Advocate Chenchuramaiah. So, they collude by locking the two birds to create a rift in the family, which fails because of their idealized bondage. In the interim, Bhaskar Rayudu scammed a government project by constructing an inferiority structure in which Durga is also involved. Being conscious of it, Ramakrishna upbraids his brother, gets him to resign, and pays Bhaskar Rayudu back the looted amount. Meanwhile, Bhavani endears Sravani despite learning she is grown up at a prostitute's house who is going to be a scapegoat soon. As it happens, he must espouse her immediately to guard against evils without the knowledge of his elder brother. Utilizing it, Chenchuramaiah sets fire to the family. Though Ramakrishna appreciates & aids Bhavani's deed, he backs it because of the remaining refusal. Presently, Bhavani quits and shelters at their farmhouse.

After a while, the brutal snares Sai & Durga build a factory where Bhavani resides. Ramakrishna hinders it, which leads to the splitting of the property. Accordingly, Ramakrishna keeps the maximum share for the safety of his brothers. Hither, Sai & Durga are blind to gaze at his intention and vilify him, but he thresholds with patience. Parallelly, Bhaskar Rayudu allows shares to the public in the factory and accumulates {{INRConvert|10000000}}, and Sai consigned to deposit the amount. Amidst Bhaskar, Rayudu ruses by a steal and incriminates Bhavani. Hence, Ramakrishna repays the amount by selling his brothers' shares. It begrudges Sai & Durga to accuse him, also resisting his entrance into the house when their mother rebukes, proclaims the eminence of Ramakrishna, and spins rearward.

Once, Ramakrishna & Seeta are sweet lovers who will espouse in a little while. At that time, Bhaskar Rayudu's brother Ravindra betrayed Rama Krishna's sister Parvati, which led to her suicide. Hence, the infuriated Ramakrishna slaughters Ravindra in that attack. Ramakrishna's uncle dies, entrusting his infants to him. Thus, Ramakrishna affirmed to make them worthy. Listening to it, the family regrets and pleads for pardon from their elder brother. Further, they proceed to retrieve Bhavani & Sravani when he keeps a condition that Ramakrishna should unite with Seeta, to which he agrees. At that time, Bhaskar Rayudu & Chenchuramaiah cabal, by garroting Seeta, posed it as a suicide and indicted Ramakrishna. Currently, Ramakrishna knots the wedding chain to Seeta's blank body to fulfill her vow. During her funeral, the police apprehend Ramakrishna. Side by side, Bhaskar Rayudu grounds by backstabbing Chenchuramaiah & Neelaveni, and therein was a close call. Before dying, Chenchuramaiah affirms the actuality with conscience-stricken when Bhaskar Rayudu onslaughts on them. At last, Ramakrishna & Bhavani cease the baddies. Finally, the movie ends with gravely wounded Ramakrishna taking self-immolation with Seeta.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Nandamuri Balakrishna]] as Rama Krishna Prasad & Bhavani Prasad (Dual role)
* [[Roja Selvamani|Roja]] as Sita Mahalakshmi (Voice Dubbed by Roja Ramani)
* [[Indraja]] as Shravani (Voice Dubbed by Shilpa)
* [[Subhashri]] as Neelaveni
* [[Kota Srinivasa Rao]] as Chenchuramaiah
* [[Charanraj]] as Bhaskar Rayudu
* [[Srihari (actor)|Srihari]] as Bhaskar Rayudu's son
* [[Brahmanandam]] as Principal
* [[Sudhakar (actor)|Sudhakar]] as Bhaskar Rayudu's brother-in-law
* Vijaya Rangaraju as Bombula Bal Reddy
* [[Chalapathi Rao]]
* [[Mannava Balayya|M.Balayya]] as Rama Krishna's Father/Babai
* [[Achyuth]] as Sai Prasad
* Raj Kumar as Durga Prasad
* [[Raja Ravindra]] as Ravindra
* [[Rajiv Kanakala]]
* [[Prasad Babu]] as Police Inspector
* [[Ananth Babu]] as Bhavani Prasad's friend
* [[Annapoorna (actress)|Annapoorna]] as Rama Krishna Prasad's mother/pinni
* Lathasri as Sulochana
* Rajitha
* Krishnaveni
* Aalapati Lakshmi as Bhaskar Rayudu's wife
{{colend}}

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Peddannayya
| type = film
| artist = [[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 1996
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = Soundtrack
| length = 27:53
| label = Shiva Musicals
| producer = [[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
| prev_title = [[Intlo Illalu Vantintlo Priyuralu]]
| prev_year = 1997
| next_title = [[Muddula Mogudu (1997 film)|Muddula Mogudu]]
| next_year = 1997
}}

The music for the film was composed by [[Koti (composer)|Koti]] and released on Shiva Musicals Company.
{{Track listing
| collapsed =
| headline =
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 27:53
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
| title1 = O Mustafa
| lyrics1 = [[Veturi]]
| extra1 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra|Chitra]]
| length1 = 5:03

| title2 = Nee Andamantha
| lyrics2 = Veturi
| extra2 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Chitra
| length2 = 5:08

| title3 = Chakkilaala Chukka
| lyrics3 = Veturi
| extra3 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Chitra
| length3 = 4:23

| title4 = Kutumbam Annagari
| lyrics4 = [[C. Narayana Reddy]]
| extra4 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Chitra
| length4 = 4:33

| title5 = Kalalo Kalyanamala
| lyrics5 = Veturi
| extra5 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Chitra
| length5 = 4:32

| title6 = Chikkindi Chemanthi
| lyrics6 = [[Bhuvanachandra]]
| extra6 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Chitra
| length6 = 4:03
}}

== Reception ==
The film was reviewed by ''[[Zamin Ryot]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.zaminryot.com/pdf/1997/Jan/31-Jan-1997.pdf|title= Peddannayya (1997) film review |page=9|publisher= zaminryot.com | accessdate= 24 August 2022 }}</ref> A critic from ''Andhra Today'' wrote that "A movie full of sentiments of upholding traditional extended family structure and has great appeal for the masses. Almost in imitation of his father and movie legend NTR, Balakrishna indulges in a lot of platitudes and histrionics".<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/peddanay.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980213002226/http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/peddanay.htm | archive-date=13 February 1998 | title=Reviews }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|1579854}}
{{Sarath (director)}}

[[Category:1997 films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Sarath]]
[[Category:Films scored by Koti (composer)]]
[[Category:Indian action drama films]]
[[Category:1990s masala films]]
[[Category:1997 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:1997 Indian films]]
[[Category:1997 action drama films]]

Ethnic groups in Kerala

2026-03-03T10:29:31Z

Ieagle: created new pg initial version

{{Short description|none}} 
{{Use British English|date=March 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
[[File:Kathakali of kerala.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Kathakali]] is popular art form in Kerala]]

The population of [[Kerala]], [[India]] is a heterogenous group that comprises many [[ethnic groups]] that originated in other parts of [[India]] as well as the world, with distinctive cultural and religious traditions. While the majority of Keralites speak the [[Malayalam language]], various ethnic groups may speak other languages as well.<ref name="Śr̲īnāthan2006">{{Cite book
| last = Śr̲īnāthan | first = Eṃ
| year = 2006
| title = Kēraḷattile bhāṣakaḷ
| isbn = 978-81-87590-11-8
| publisher = Antārāṣtr̲a Kēraḷapaṭhanakēndraṃ
| location = Tiruvantapuraṃ
}}</ref><ref name="Maṇalil2006">{{Cite book
| last = Maṇalil | first = Pōḷ
| year = 2006
| title = Kēraḷattile bhāṣānyūnapakṣaṅṅaḷ : sāmūhika caritr̲aṃ
| isbn = 978-81-8264-226-3
| publisher = Mātr̥bhūmi Buks
| location = Kolzhikode
}}</ref>

The racial and ethnic history of Kerala is highly controversial and disputed among the cultural anthropologists, historians and other scholars. The people of Kerala, known as Malayali (people speaking [[Malayalam language]]), are polygenetic and belong to different ethnic groups and religions. The Census of India does not recognise [[Racial groups of India|racial]] or ethnic groups within India.<ref>Kumar, Jayant. Census of India. 2001. 4 September 2006. [http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ Indian Census] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514011646/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ |date=14 May 2008 }}</ref><ref>Dr. E, J. Thomas,"The People of Kerala," The St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia of India, Ed. George Menachery, Vol. II, 1973, p.185 et. sq.</ref> According to a 2009 study published by David Reich et al., the modern Indian population is composed of two genetically divergent and heterogeneous populations which mixed in ancient times, known as [[Ancestral North Indians]] (ANI, Indo-Aryan-speaking population) and [[Ancestral South Indians]] (ASI, Dravidian-speaking population).<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1038/nature08365 |title=Reconstructing Indian population history |year=2009 |last1=Reich |first1=David |last2=Thangaraj |first2=Kumarasamy |last3=Patterson |first3=Nick |last4=Price |first4=Alkes L. |last5=Singh |first5=Lalji |journal=Nature |volume=461 |issue=7263 |pages=489–94 |pmid=19779445 |pmc=2842210 |bibcode=2009Natur.461..489R }}</ref>

==Malayali==

{{Main|Malayali}}
Malayalis are the native people of Kerala who speak Malayalam, the official language of the state. The [[Malayalam language]] is a [[Dravidian language]] which is spoken by 45 million people. Similar to other major languages, modern Malayalam includes [[loanwords]] from [[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], and in more recent times English.<ref name=George1972>{{Cite book
| last = George | first = K.M | year = 1972 | title = Western influence on Malayalam language and literature | isbn = 978-81-260-0413-3 | publisher = Sahitya Akademi | location = New Delhi}}</ref> While the majority of Malayalis live in Kerala, significant populations also exist in other parts of [[India]], the Middle East, Europe and North America. According to the Indian census of 2011, there were 32,413,213 speakers of Malayalam in Kerala, making up 97.03% of the total population of the state.<ref name="Language">{{cite web |title=Census of India - Language |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html |website= censusindia.gov.in |access-date= 17 April 2020}}</ref>

The majority (about 54%) of the Malayali people are [[Hindu]], mostly of the [[Ezhava]]r, [[Ambalavasi]], [[Namboothiri]], [[Nair]], [[Malayali Brahmin]], [[Thiyya]]r, [[Kammalar]] ,[[Ezhuthachan]], [[Vishwakarma]], [[Pulayar]] or [[Cheramar]], [[Parayar]] or [[Sambavar]], [[Kerala Mukkuvar|Mukkuvar]],[[Vellalar]], and [[Nadar (caste)|Nadar]] communities, but there are also large [[Muslim]] (24%) and [[Christians|Christian]] (18%) communities.<ref name=2001census>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement3.htm Linguistic minorities of Kerala]</ref><ref name="Grantz">Gantz Brothers, Land of the Perumals 1863</ref> The Muslim community in Kerala, trace their origins far back to early contacts with [[Arab]] traders after the advent of the [[Muhammad|Muhammed]] in the Arabian peninsula, and mostly follow the [[Shafi`i]] school of [[Sunni Islam]]. Many speak the distinctive [[Mappila dialect of Malayalam|Jonaka Mappila dialect of Malayalam]].<ref>[http://www.deepthi.com/kerala/about-kerala/kerala-history.html ''Kerala History''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090403235514/http://www.deepthi.com/kerala/about-kerala/kerala-history.html |date=3 April 2009 }} Deepthi.com. Retrieved 10 March 2009</ref>

The majority of Christians belong to the [[Saint Thomas Christian]] community, and are also known as ''Syrian(Syriac)Christians''(suriyani Christiani) (or ''Nasrani Mappila'').<ref name="Grantz"/> [[Thomas the Apostle]] reached the trade route of [[Muziris]] in 52 AD, and preached Christianity.

==Tamil==
{{See also|Kerala Iyers}}

The history of ancient Kerala is deeply intertwined with ancient [[Tamilagam]], and the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]] languages are closely related. The dialect of Malayalam spoken today in the taluks of [[Chittur]] and [[Palakkad]] in Kerala has slight tamil influence due to mixing with tamil migrants living in the region and the tamil spoken by [[Kerala Iyers|Palakkad iyers]] has large number of Malayalam loanwords, has been influenced by Malayalam syntax and also has a distinct Malayalam accent.<ref>Thiru. Mu. Kovintācāriyar, ''{{IAST|Vāḻaiyaṭi vāḻai}}'' Lifco, Madras, 1978 at pp. 26–39.</ref>

Some of the earliest migrations attested by history were those of [[Iyers]] from the [[Cauvery delta]] to the district of Palakkad. The first of these migrations are believed to have taken place over five hundred years ago. Although the Iyers migrated to Kerala, they were not allowed to carry out poojas in Malayali temples. The reason for this was political as well as the difference in the Agama and Tantric modes of worship employed by [[Kerala Iyers]] and [[Nambudiris]] respectively. As a result, the [[Nambudiris]] used to require ritual purification if coming into contact with a [[Kerala Iyer]] (Eda Shuddham). These Iyers settled in Palakkad where they owned land and led an affluent existence till the enactment of the land reforms in the 1960s. There have also been migrations of Iyers to the princely state of [[Travancore]] from the [[Tirunelveli district]] during the 18th and 19th centuries. These Iyers are called [[Kerala Iyers]] and differ significantly from [[Palakkad Iyers]] in their language and social status. Some of Travancore's ''[[Diwan (title)|diwans]]'' were Tamil Brahmins as a result of Madras presidency being under the direct control of the British.<ref name="Kerala">{{cite web|url=http://www.kuzhalmannamagraharam.info/articles/kerala-iyer-history.html|title=History of Kerala iyers and Agraharams|access-date=2008-08-27|publisher=Kuzhalmanna Agraharam website}}</ref><ref name="keralaiyers_migration">{{cite web|url=http://www.keralaiyers.com/migration|title=Migration Theories|access-date=2008-08-19|publisher=keralaiyers.com}}</ref>

==Tulu==

{{main|Shivalli Tulu Brahmins of Kerala}}
Shivalli Brahmins living all over the Indian state of [[Kerala]] are part of the larger Tulu Brahmin subsect primarily found in the Indian state of [[Karnataka]] but also in the [[Kasaragod district]] of Northern Kerala. Their mother tongue is the [[Tulu language]]. Brahmins from Tulunadu may have migrated to Kerala before the first century C.E.<ref>[http://www.madhwabrahmanasabha.org/history.htm ''Kerala History''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122224816/http://madhwabrahmanasabha.org/history.htm |date=22 January 2009 }} Udupi Madhwa Brahmana Sabha (Kerala). Retrieved 9 March 2009.</ref>

Today, there is a sizeable Tulu Brahmin population in [[Thiruvananthapuram]] and elsewhere in the state.<ref>[http://www.kakkilaya.com/shiva1.html ''The History of Shivalli Brahmins''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924213804/http://www.kakkilaya.com/shiva1.html |date=24 September 2006 }} Kakkilayas of Bevinje. Retrieved 9 March 2009.</ref>

==Kannada==

{{Main|Kannada people}}

Kannada is one of the major languages of [[India]], spoken predominantly in the state of [[Karnataka]]. The [[Kannada people]] number roughly 50 million, making it the fifteenth-most spoken language in the world.<ref name="encarta_lang_10million">''[http://encarta.msn.com/media_701500404/Languages_Spoken_by_More_Than_10_Million_People.html Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People]''. [[Encarta]]. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091029104855/http://encarta.msn.com/media_701500404/Languages_Spoken_by_More_Than_10_Million_People.html |date=29 October 2009 }} 2009-10-31.</ref> It is one of the [[official languages of India]] and the official and administrative language of the state of Karnataka.<ref name="official">{{cite web|url=http://dpal.kar.nic.in/26%20of%201963%20(E).pdf|title=The Karnataka Official Language Act|work=Official website of Department of Parliamentary Affairs and Legislation|publisher=Government of Karnataka|access-date=2007-06-29}}</ref> Kannada people constitute a small portion of the population of the district of [[Kasargod district|Kasargod]] in North Kerala.

==Konkanis==
Cochin GSB's are a branch of the [[Konkani language]]-speaking [[Gaud Saraswat Brahmins]] community belonging originally to Karnataka and Goa. They form the majority of Konkani-speakers in Kerala. GSBs of Cochin form the southernmost subsect of [[Saraswat Brahmins]] of West coast. GSBs of north Kerala are same as GSBs of [[Kanara|Canara]] in speech and customs, whereas GSBs of Cochin and Travancore have developed their own [[Konkani language|Konkani]] dialect and Customs, which distinguish them from rest of GSB community, this subsect is now called Cochin GSBs. In geographical terms, Cochin GSBs are those who live south of Thrissur district of Kerala.<ref name=Kudva1972>{{Cite book | last = Kudva | first = Venkataraya Narayan | year = 1972 | title = History of the Dakshinatya Saraswats | publisher = Samyukta Gowda Saraswata Sabha}}</ref> Other Konkani speaking minorities in Kerala include the [[Kudumbi]]s, [[Daivajna]]s, and the [[Vaishya Vani]]. All these groups had migrated from Goa within last few centuries for various socioeconomic reasons.

{{see also|Cochin GSB's}}

==Mahls==

There are about 10,000 speakers of the [[Mahl language]] in Kerala. Most Mahl speakers are temporary resident people from neighbouring [[Maldives]]. Other Mahl speakers are from Indian island of [[Minicoy]] and most of them live in [[Trivandrum]].

==Smaller minority groups==

===Gujaratis===
There are about 500 [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] families living for many generations in [[Kochi, India|Kochi]], the commercial hub of [[Kerala]]. Gujarati community is composed of various social groups like [[Jainism|Jains]], [[Saurashtra people|Saurashtrians]] and [[Kutchi people|Kutchis]]. The Gujarati Street at Mattancherry in the city is a main Gujarati cultural icon in Kerala.<ref>{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20080323152659/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2002/10/07/stories/2002100700380200.htm ''It's Dandiya time again'']}} The Hindu. Retrieved 9 March 2009</ref> [[Kozhikode|Calicut]], [[Thrissur|Trichur]], and [[Kannur|Cannore]] also have a sizeable population of Hindu and [[Jainism|Jain]] Gujaratis.<ref>[http://www.jaintemplecochin.org/advent.htm The Advent of Gujrathi's in Kerala]</ref> {{Citation needed span|text=They are basically business people doing all forms of wholesale and retail trade.|date=January 2019|reason=}} There is a Gujarati Higher Secondary School near Calicut Beach.<ref>{{cite news|title = Students eager to master life skills |url = http://www.hindu.com/2006/10/19/stories/2006101900170200.htm|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121104002712/http://www.hindu.com/2006/10/19/stories/2006101900170200.htm|url-status = dead|archive-date = 4 November 2012|date = 19 October 2006|work = [[The Hindu]] |access-date = 10 March 2009}}</ref>

===Sikhs===

{{main|Cochin Sikhs}}
[[Kochi, India|Kochi]] is home to the [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] speaking [[Sikh]] community in Kerala as the coastal city has the most number of Sikhs in the south Indian state. Many of the Kerala's Punjabi Sikh community are in the automobile spare parts industry.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}}

===Other minorities===
Kerala also have a small number of scattered Bengali, Bihari and Oriya communities.

==List of mother tongues spoken in Kerala by number of speakers==
[[File:Cochin Jews.jpg|thumb|200px|An Indian Jewish family in [[Cochin]], circa 1900.]]
[[File:Onapottan - A Traditional Kerala Art Form.jpg|thumb|right|200px|'Onapottan' – a folk character seen during Onam season specially in North Malabar Region. With the face painted and crown ( Kireedam ) he has a bell in his hand and an umbrella made of Palm Leaves on the other.]]
[[File:AntonyIndia.jpg|thumb|200px|[[A.K. Antony]] former [[Defence Minister of India]] is an [[atheist]] who was born to a Malayali family in the [[Alappuzha]] district of Kerala.]]
<ref name="Language"/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Language
! No. of speakers
! % of population
|-
| [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]
| 32,413,213
| 97.03
|-
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| 498,938
|1.49
|-
| [[Tulu language|Tulu]]
|124,266
| 0.37
|-
| [[Kannada language|Kannada]]
| 78,067
| 0.23
|-
| [[Konkani language|Konkani]]
| 68,595
| 0.2
|-
| [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| 45,817
| 0.13
|-
| [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| 35,355
| 0.1
|-
| [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| 31,642
| 0.09
|-
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| 29,061
| 0.087
|-
| [[Urdu language|Urdu]]
| 13,122
| 0.03
|-
| [[Odia language|Odia]]
| 10,958
| 0.03
|-
| [[Assamese language|Assamese]]
| 5,796
| 0.01
|-
| [[English language|English]]
| 4,471
| 0.01
|-
| [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
| 4,460
| 0.01
|-
| [[Nepali language|Nepali]]
| 3,665
| 0.01
|-
| [[Bhili language|Bhili]]
| 3,458
| 0.01
|-
| [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| 1,380
| 0.004
|-
| [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]
| 1,251
| 0.004
|-
| Other languages
| 32,546
| 0.097
|-
| Total
| 33,406,061
| 100%
|}

==Religion and Community==
[[File:Pongale1.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Hindu women worship during [[Attukal Temple|Attukal Pongala]] at Tippu Street, South Fort, Thiruvananthapuram.]]
[[File:Malik dinar mosque.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Malik Dinar Mosque]], Thazhathangadi, [[Kasaragod district|Kasargode]], Kerala.]]
[[File:Kottayam Valia Palli02.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Inside a Knanaya Church in Thazhathangadi, Kottayam]]
According to the 2001 census<ref name=2001census/> the breakdown of ethnic groups by religion is:{{citations needed|date=March 2021}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! || Malayalam || Other languages || Total
|-
| '''Hindu''' || 54.20% || 2% || '''56.20%'''
|-
| '''Muslim''' || 23.70% || 1% || '''24.70%'''
|-
| '''Christian''' || 18.00% || 1% || '''19.00%'''
|-
| '''Other religions''' || <0.1% || <0.1% || '''00.10%'''
|-
| '''Total''' || '''96.00%''' || '''4.00%''' || '''100.00%'''
|}{{more citations needed|date=March 2021}}

==1968 Socio-Economic Survey of Kerala==
In 1968, the Communist government under [[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]] ordered a socio-economic survey of each resident in the state of Kerala, to assess caste inequalities. Until the census of 2011, this survey was the only caste-based count conducted in post-independence India.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} The survey was not very conclusive, since it merged several unrelated castes into one group (for example, Ambalavasis and Tamil Brahmins were grouped along with Malayali Brahmins).{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}}

The survey found that individuals belonging to higher castes possessed more land and had relatively higher per capita income as compared to the general population.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} The survey found that 33% of the states population was [[forward caste]], almost half of whom were [[Saint Thomas Christians|Syrian Christians]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} According to the survey, 13% of the Brahmins, 6.8% of the [[Syro-Malabar Catholics]], 5.4% of the [[Malankara Orthodox Church|Jacobites]] and 4.7% of the [[Nairs]] owned more than 5 acres of land. This compared with 1.4% of the Ezhavas, 1.9% of the Muslims and 0.1% of the Scheduled Castes who had that much land in their possession.<ref>{{Cite journal|jstor = 4367366|title = Caste, Class and Economic Opportunity in Kerala: An Empirical Analysis|journal = Economic and Political Weekly|volume = 14|issue = 7/8|pages = 475–480|last1 = Sivanandan|first1 = P|year = 1979}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
|+ Population of Kerala, per the 1968 Socio-Economic Survey{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}}
!Caste
!Population
!Percentage
|-
|Arayan / Mukkuvan
|851,603
|4.24%
|-
|Brahmin
|353,329
|1.76%
|-
|Chetty/ Vellalar
|151,150
|0.75%
|-
|Christian Scheduled Caste
|301,912
|1.50%
|-
|Ezhava/ [[Thiyyar history|Thiyya]]
|4,457,808
|22.19
|-
|Ezhuthachan
|260,042
|1.29%
|-
|Kammalar
|756,178
|3.76%
|-
|Jacobite & Marthomite
|731,207
|3.64%
|-
|Muslim
|3,842,322
|19.12%
|-
|Nair
|2,905,775
|14.46%
|-
|Nair Other
|435,396
|2.17%
|-
|Scheduled Castes
|1,578,115
|7.85%
|-
|Scheduled Tribe
|253,519
|1.26%
|-
|Syro Malabar Catholics
|2,808,640
|14.00%
|-
|Latin Rite Catholics (LC)
|405,638
|2.00%
|-
|Total
|20,092,634
|100.00%
|}

The last comprehensive caste census of Kerala was undertaken by the British in 1931 (the Census of 1941 also asked caste, but the tables were never published).<ref>Census 1931 of Travancore (Imper. Table XVII), Census 1931 of Cochin (Imper Table VXII) & Census 1931 of Madras Vol.2, p.306-310</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
|-
!'''Caste'''
!'''Population (1931)'''
!'''Percentage (1931)'''
|-
|Malayali Brahmin
|50,240
|0.51%
|-
|Brahmin
|121,748
|1.24%
|-
|Ambalavasi Brahmin
|39,371
|0.40%
|-
|Samanta Kshatriya
|5,901
|0.06%
|-
|Samanthan Nair
|4,921
|0.05%
|-
|Nair
|1,505,929
|15.30%
|-
|Vilakkithala Nair
|35,199
|0.36%
|-
|Veluthedath Nair
|22,219
|0.23%
|-
|Kammalar
|265,752
|2.70%
|-
|Vellalar
|88,584
|0.90%
|-
|Chetty
|49,213
|0.50%
|-
|Izhava + Thiyya
|2,007,901
|20.40%
|-
|Kaniyar
|39,371
|0.40%
|-
|Mukkuvar + Arayar
|88,584
|0.90%
|-
|Parayar
|165,656
|1.68%
|-
|Pulayar + Cherumar
|678,387
|6.89%
|-
|Kuravan
|95,295
|0.97%
|-
|Thandan
|41,214
|0.42%
|-
|Nadar
|402,555
|4.09%
|-
|Christians
|2,005,239
|18.37%
|-
|Muslim
|1,604,629
|16.30%
|-
|Total
|9,842,650
|
|}

==See also==
* [[Religion in Kerala]]
* [[Caste system in Kerala]]
* [[Migrant labourers in Kerala]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book|title=Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019|publisher=P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode|year=2018|location=Kozhikode|last=Chandran |first=VP|edition=Malayalam }}
{{refend}}
{{Kerala}}
{{Kerala topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ethnic Groups In Kerala}}
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Kerala| ]]

Sandai

2026-03-03T04:24:35Z

Ieagle: Updated article with clearer structure

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Sandai poster.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Sakthi Chidambaram]]
| writer = [[Ravi Mariya]] '''(Dialogue)'''
| screenplay = Sakthi Chidambaram
| story = Sakthi Chidambaram
| producer = Radha Sakthi Chidambaram
| starring = [[Sundar C]] [[Nadhiya]] [[Namitha]] [[Ramya Raj]]
| cinematography = K. S. Selva Raj
| editing = [[G. Sasikumar]]
| music = [[Dhina]]
| studio = Cinema Paradise
| released = {{Film date|2008|03|21|df=y}}
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}
'''''Sandai''''' ({{Translation|Fight}}) is a 2008 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[action comedy]] film directed by [[Sakthi Chidambaram]]. The film stars [[Sundar C]], [[Nadhiya]], [[Namitha]] and [[Ramya Raj]], while [[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]], [[Lalu Alex]], and [[Mithun Tejasvi]], among others, play supporting roles. The music was composed by [[Dhina]] with cinematography handled by K. S. Selva Raj and editing by G. Sasikumar. The film was released on 21 March 2008, and became a commercial success.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=S. R. Ashok |date=27 March 2008 |title=Hat trick? |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/hat-trick/article3022686.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123172359/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/hat-trick/article3022686.ece |archive-date=23 January 2025 |access-date=23 January 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Thangalakshmi, a wealthy woman, arranges a marriage for her daughter Abhinaya with a [[Indian diaspora|non-resident Indian (NRI)]] in her native village. A gang led by Paalpandi, who is later revealed to be Thangalakshmi's brother, keeps stalking Abhi and Thangalskhmi. A rogue called Kathhi, who does anything for money, is appointed as Abhi's bodyguard until her marriage to the NRI groom.

Paalpandi makes repeated unsuccessful attempts to convince Thangalakshmi to marry Abhi off to his son. In a strange turn of events, the stepfather and cousins of Thangalakshmi's husband Kamaraj (a former District Collector), who claim to have been innocently jailed on the charges of killing him, are released and kill the judge and public prosecutor responsible for their imprisonment. They also enter into Thangalakshmi's good books by manipulating her into believing that they are innocent and Paalpandi is the real killer, a fact which Thangalakshmi herself has been believing herself due to a misunderstanding.

In due course of events, during which Kathhi and Mani (Thangalakshmi's PA who also wants to secretly marry Abhi) comically try to thwart Abhi's marriage, the groom gets kidnapped by Kamaraj's relatives, who try to kill him to pin the blame on Paalpandi. Kathi intervenes, bashing them and their goons up and saving the groom, who then refuses to marry Abhi, honouring the words of his parents. Arriving at the venue along with his men, Paalpandi once gain tries to convince Thangalakshmi into marrying Abhi off to his son. Refusing to give in due to her sense of pride, Thangalakshmi forces Abhi and Kathhi to get marries and taunts Paalpandi by saying that she fulfilled her oath. At the same time, Paalpandi starts laughing and mockingly reveals that Kathhi is none other than his son, his real name being Kathiresan MBA.

Shocked, Abhi and Thangalakshmi try to foist charges of kidnapping and criminal intimidation on Kathiresan, who successfully manages to evade charges by showing the DSP the video recording of the events at the marriage hall. Abhi and Thangalakshmi try to run away to Bangkok but are waylaid by Kathiresan, who challenges Thangalakshmi to make Abhi accept him as her husband after staying in his house for seven days, while also promising that he would try to engage in physical contact with Abhi without her consent.

Initially getting off to a rocky start with her relatives on the maternal side, Abhi comes to understand Kathir's and the family's caring and loving nature. All attempts by Thangalakshmi to separate Abhi and Kathiresan fail, with towards the end, she too coming to understand her brother's innocence and the good nature of Kathiresan and her family.

In the climax, Kamaraj's relatives attempt to kill Thangalakshmi, and she manages to place a call to Kathiresan, who arrives at the right time and rescues her but gets stabbed by the villains in the process. After Paalpandi arrives at the spot and sees Thangalakshmi standing beside his son with a blood-stained knife, he still believes her, making her realise her folly. Kathiresan, who has not yet lost consciousness, bounces back and kills the villains after a thrilling fight. Thangalakshmi reunites with her family, and they all live happily ever after.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
* [[Sundar C]] as Kathiresan alias Kaththi
* [[Nadhiya]] as Thangalakshmi
* [[Namitha]] as Seemakal Chinnakilli
* [[Ramya Raj]] as Abhinaya Kathiresan (voice dubbed by [[Savitha Radhakrishnan]])
* [[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]] in a dual role as Mani and Thangapandi
* [[Napoleon (actor)|Napoleon]] as District Collector Kamaraj
* [[Lalu Alex]] as Paalpandi, Kathiresan's father
* [[Mithun Tejasvi]] as Abhi's ex-fiance
* [[Kadhal Dhandapani]] as Kamaraj's stepfather
* [[Ravi Mariya]] as Kamaraj's cousin
* [[Raj Kapoor (Tamil director)|Raj Kapoor]] as Kamaraj's cousin
* [[Meera Krishnan]] as Kathiresan's's mother
* [[Paravai Muniyamma]] as Kathiresan's grandmother
* [[Vichu Vishwanath]] as Kathiresan's cousin
* [[Jyothi Lakshmi]] as Mani's mother
* [[Delhi Kumar]] as Duraipandi
* [[Uma Padmanabhan]] as DSP
* [[Thalapathy Dinesh]] as fighter
* [[Bonda Mani]] as Mani's troupe member
* [[Bava Lakshmanan]] as Balu
* [[T. P. Gajendran]]
* Kili Ramachandran as Mani's troupe member
* Amirthalingam as a stage artist<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2022 |title="அந்த ஒரு சீன்ல நான் வர்றதுக்காக வடிவேலுண்ணே அவ்வளவு போராடினார்!"- நெகிழும் அமிர்தலிங்கம் |trans-title="Vadivelu fought so hard for me to appear in that one scene!" - A resilient Amirthalingam |url=https://cinema.vikatan.com/kollywood/comedy-actor-amirthalingam-interview-about-his-career |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250430042337/https://cinema.vikatan.com/kollywood/comedy-actor-amirthalingam-interview-about-his-career |archive-date=30 April 2025 |access-date=30 April 2025 |website=[[Ananda Vikatan]] |language=ta}}</ref>
* [[Suja Varunee]] ([[item number|special appearance]] in the song "Pokkirina")
}}

== Production ==
During launch, the film was titled ''Porukki''; as the title was criticised as derogatory, Sakthi Chidambaram retitled it to ''Adhirudhulla'', after the usage of the term as a catchphrase in ''[[Sivaji: The Boss]]'' (2007).<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2007 |title=Change of title for 'Poruki' |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/05092007-4.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070908013927/http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/05092007-4.shtml |archive-date=8 September 2007 |access-date=23 January 2025 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref> However he later felt it had become clichéd due to its popularity and subsequent overuse, so he opted for ''Mahamagam'', in reference to the festival [[Mahamaham]] which features in the story,<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2007 |title=New title for 'Porukki' |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/19092007-6.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009094652/http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/19092007-6.shtml |archive-date=9 October 2007 |access-date=23 January 2025 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref> but later finalised ''Sandai''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=18 July 2008 |title=Name game |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2008/07/18/stories/2008071851230400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724163823/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2008/07/18/stories/2008071851230400.htm |archive-date=24 July 2008 |access-date=14 November 2024 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> The film was launched on 3 August 2007 at AVM Studios.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 August 2007 |title=Pooja for Sundar C's film 'Porukki' |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/03082007-4.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070816175736/http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/03082007-4.shtml |archive-date=16 August 2007 |access-date=25 February 2025 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref> Filming was held at locations including Pollachi, Karaikudi, Switzerland and London.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannath |first=Malini |date=3 October 2007 |title=Porukki |url=http://chennaionline.com/film/Onlocation/oct07/10porukki.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011004008/http://chennaionline.com/film/Onlocation/oct07/10porukki.asp |archive-date=11 October 2007 |access-date=10 August 2024 |website=Chennai Online}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
Music is composed by [[Dhina]] and released via [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 January 2009 |title=Sanda |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/sanda/nmVWuHPU3qQ_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905093836/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/sanda/nmVWuHPU3qQ_ |archive-date=5 September 2022 |access-date=5 September 2022 |website=[[JioSaavn]]}}</ref> It includes a remix of the song "Vaadi En Kappa Kelange", composed by [[Ilaiyaraaja]] for ''[[Alaigal Oivathillai]]'' (1981), which marked the singing debut of Sundar C.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 October 2019 |title=Lights Camera Playback: 12 times filmmakers tried their hands at playback singing |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/photos/slideshows/2019/oct/09/lights-camera-playback-12-times-filmmakers-tried-their-hands-at-playback-singing-666.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231020064717/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/photos/slideshows/2019/oct/09/lights-camera-playback-12-times-filmmakers-tried-their-hands-at-playback-singing-666--10.html |archive-date=20 October 2023 |access-date=26 December 2024 |work=[[Cinema Express]] |pages=10}}</ref> The [[dappankuthu]] song "Pokkirina" invokes the names of contemporary Tamil stars and their films, namely [[Vijay (actor)|Vijay]] and ''[[Pokkiri]]'' (2007), [[Ajith Kumar]] and ''[[Villain (2002 film)|Villain]]'' (2002); [[Dhanush]] and ''[[Polladhavan (2007 film)|Polladhavan]]'' (2007).<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 September 2007 |title=Simbu sings in Sundar C's film |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/24092007-3.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101031031303/http://cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/24092007-3.shtml |archive-date=31 October 2010 |access-date=23 January 2025 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| headline = Track listing
| total_length = 26:11
| title1 = Pokkirina
| extra1 = [[Silambarasan]]
| lyrics1 = [[Na. Muthukumar]]
| length1 = 4:50
| title2 = October Madathil
| extra2 = [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Rita Thyagarajan|Rita]]
| lyrics2 = [[Ravi Mariya]]
| length2 = 5:49
| title3 = Vaadi En
| extra3 = [[Sundar C]], [[Grace Karunas]]
| lyrics3 = [[Gangai Amaran]]
| length3 = 5:26
| title4 = Aathadi
| extra4 = [[T. Rajendar]], Dev Prakash
| lyrics4 = Na. Muthukumar
| length4 = 4:37
| title5 = Maduraikara
| extra5 = [[Udit Narayan]], [[Anuradha Sriram]]
| lyrics5 = [[Sakthi Chidambaram]]
| length5 = 5:29
}}

== Release ==
''Sandai'' was released on 21 March 2008, [[Good Friday]] alongside ''[[Kannum Kannum]]'', ''[[Inba (film)|Inba]]'' and ''[[Singakutty]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2008 |title=Big easter weekend |url=http://sify.com/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=14626716&cid=2363 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328080952/http://sify.com/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=14626716&cid=2363 |archive-date=28 March 2008 |access-date=13 December 2024 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> [[Moser Baer]] released the film via home video in June 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 June 2009 |title=For film lovers |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/for-film-lovers/article3021581.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260207044924/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/for-film-lovers/article3021581.ece |archive-date=7 February 2026 |access-date=7 February 2026 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref>

== Reception ==
Pavithra Srinivasan of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' called the film "illogical" and stated that "Just suspend all logic and reason before settling for this age-old mother-in-law/son-in-law battle movies on the lines of Poova Thalaiya and Mappillai."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Pavithra |date=24 March 2008 |title=Review: Sandai is illogical |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/sssandai/20080324.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008125639/https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/sssandai/20080324.htm |archive-date=8 October 2021 |access-date=8 October 2021 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> ''[[Sify]]'' wrote "Here is regressive piece of kitsch, with over-the-top loud performances. The plot degenerates into a farce in the second half of this tedious film as it tumbles to an all?s-well-that- concludes-well end".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sandai |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/sandai-review-tamil-pclw7lhhgfacd.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008124135/https://www.sify.com/movies/sandai-review-tamil-pclw7lhhgfacd.html |archive-date=8 October 2021 |access-date=8 October 2021 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Naresh of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' wrote, "One star for Sundar C. and one star for Shakthi Chidambaram for his fast paced narration".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Naresh |date=2 April 2008 |title=SANDAI: For the masses |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/sandai-for-the-masses/291526/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905045536/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/sandai-for-the-masses/291526/ |archive-date=5 September 2022 |access-date=5 September 2022 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> ''Cinesouth'' wrote, "This is a typical 'maappillai' type masala film story but director Shakti Chidambaram has given it an exciting flavour".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sandai |url=http://cinesouth.com/scopes/reviews/new/sandai.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100119172638/http://www.cinesouth.com/scopes/reviews/new/sandai.shtml |archive-date=19 January 2010 |access-date=12 January 2025 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref> Malathi Rangarajan of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote, "Director Shakti Chidambaram’s story and screenplay throw logic to the winds. Instead the director dangles a few carrots in the form of Namitha (with oodles of flab), scatology and risqué dialogue, not in the same order".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=28 March 2008 |title=Watered down screenplay |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/watered-down-screenplay/article3022688.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123172643/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/watered-down-screenplay/article3022688.ece |archive-date=23 January 2025 |access-date=22 July 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}
{{Sakthi Chidambaram}}

[[Category:2000s masala films]]
[[Category:2008 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2008 action comedy films]]
[[Category:2008 films]]
[[Category:2008 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Sakthi Chidambaram]]
[[Category:Films scored by Dhina]]
[[Category:Films shot in Karaikudi]]
[[Category:Films shot in London]]
[[Category:Films shot in Pollachi]]
[[Category:Films shot in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Indian action comedy films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language action comedy films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Kooki (film)

2026-03-02T04:17:06Z

Ieagle: starting new details

{{Short description|2024 Hindi-language film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Kooki
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| director = Pranab J Deka
| story = Dr Junmoni Devi Khaund
| producer = Dr Junmoni Devi Khaund
| screenplay =
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* Ritisha Khaund
* [[Rajesh Tailang]]
* [[Dipannita Sharma]]
* [[Devoleena Bhattacharjee]]
* [[Ritu Shivpuri]]
}}
| music = {{Plainlist|
* Pallab Talukdar
* Sourav Mahanta
* Tapan Jyoti Dutta
}}
| cinematography = {{Plainlist|
* Gyan Gautam
}}
| editing = [[Jhulan Krishna Mahanta]]
| studio = Niri Media Opc Private Limited
| distributor = Jai Viratra Entertainment Limited
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2024|06|28}}
| runtime = 115 minutes
| country = India
| language = [[Hindi]]
}}

'''''Kooki''''' is a 2024 Indian [[Hindi]]-language drama film produced by Niri Media Opc Private Limited and starring Ritisha Khaund, Rajesh Tailang, Dipannita Sharma, Devoleena Bhattacharjee and Ritu Shivpuri.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kooki (2023) |url=https://www.avclub.com/film/reviews/kooki-2023 |website=[[The A.V. Club]] |access-date=30 June 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-18 |title=Hindi Cinema 'Kooki' movie promises to be a powerhouse of fine arts showcasing Assam's green beauty |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/entertainment/story/hindi-cinema-kooki-movie-promises-to-be-a-powerhouse-of-fine-arts-showcasing-assams-green-beauty-680154-2023-09-18 |access-date=2024-05-08 |website=India Today NE |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Kooki (2024) |url=https://letterboxd.com/film/kooki/ |website=[[Letterboxd]] |access-date=30 June 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

The film premiered at the [[Cannes Film Festival]] in May 2024.<ref>{{cite news |title='Kooki': Hindi film from Assam to be screened at Cannes Film Festival |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kooki-hindi-film-from-assam-to-be-screened-at-cannes-film-festival/article68164205.ece|url-access=subscription |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=11 May 2024 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Karmakar |first=Sumir |title=Assam's Hindi feature film Kooki to be screened at Cannes Film Festival on May 21 |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/assams-hindi-feature-film-kooki-to-be-screened-at-cannes-film-festival-on-may-21-3018387 |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[Deccan Herald]] |date=11 May 2024 |language=en}}</ref> The film also premiered at the [[Brahmaputra Valley Film Festival|BVFF]] in 2023.<ref>{{cite news |title=8th Brahmaputra Valley Film Festival Lights Up Guwahati with Grand Opening Ceremony |url=https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/business/2023/12/15/dcm35-brahmaputra-valley-film-festival--bvff.html |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]] |agency=[[Press Trust of India|PTI]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=8th Brahmaputra Valley Film Festival begins in Guwahati |url=https://theprint.in/feature/8th-brahmaputra-valley-film-festival-begins-in-guwahati/1886345/ |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[ThePrint]] |agency=[[Press Trust of India|PTI]] |date=14 December 2023}}</ref>

==Premise==
Kooki is a 16-year-old girl whose life and promising future are shattered by a tragic incident. The court's verdict fails to provide her with the justice she seeks, leaving her feeling betrayed and abandoned as a victim.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Devoleena Bhattacharjee to play a journalist in her upcoming film 'Kooki' |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/bollywood/devoleena-bhattacharjee-to-play-a-journalist-in-her-upcoming-film-kooki |access-date=2024-05-08 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref>

==Cast==
* Ritisha Khaund as Kooki
* [[Rajesh Tailang]] as Dhanajay Mishra
* Rina Rani as Suman Mishra
* [[Dipannita Sharma]] as S.P. Mandira Singh
* Bodhisattva Sharma as Saptrishi
* [[Devoleena Bhattacharjee]] as Navnita<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-16 |title=Media Maiden: Devoleena Bhattacharjee Turns Journalist For Upcoming Movie 'Kooki' |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/media-maiden-devoleena-bhattacharjee-turns-journalist-for-upcoming-movie-kooki--news-202753 |access-date=2024-05-08 |website=Outlook India |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Ritu Shivpuri]] as Dr.Priyadarshini Pator

==Release==
The film was premiered at [[Cannes Film Festival|Cannes]] on 21 May 2024.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cannes 2024: Assam's Feature Film Kooki To Be Screened At The Film Festival Ahead Of Official Release |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/assam-s-hindi-feature-film-kooki-to-be-screened-at-cannes-ahead-of-official-release-5638277 |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[NDTV]] |agency=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]] |date=May 11, 2024}}</ref> The film was released in cinemas on 28 June 2024.<ref>{{cite news |last=Karmakar |first=Sumir |title=Assam-made Hindi movie 'Kooki', portraying plight of a rape victim, screened at Cannes, gets praise from global audience |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/assam-made-hindi-movie-kooki-portraying-plight-of-a-rape-victim-screened-at-cannes-gets-praise-from-global-audience-3034337 |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[Deccan Herald]] |date=22 May 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Hindi film 'Kooki' infused with Assamese art and culture set to premiere on June 28 in India, Nepal |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/entertainment/story/hindi-film-kooki-infused-with-assamese-art-and-culture-set-to-premiere-on-june-28-in-india-nepal-1024695-2024-06-09 |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[India Today|India Today NE]] |date=9 June 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

== Reception ==
Mahpara Kabir, of ''[[ABP News]]'', rated 3/5 stars and wrote, "''Kooki'' is a strong film with a striking dialogue asking why rape isn't considered the most heinous crime".<ref>{{cite news |last=Kabir |first=Mahpara |title=Kooki Review: Devoleena Bhattacharjee Film Based On A Rape Victim Arouses A Serious Discussion |url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/movies/kooki-movie-review-devoleena-bhattacharjee-film-based-on-a-rape-victim-arouses-a-serious-discussion-1698740 |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[ABP News]] |date=28 June 2024 |language=en}}{{rating|3|5}}</ref> Ashna Santosh, of ''[[Times Now]]'', stated, "''Kooki'' emerges as a poignant cinematic portrayal that transcends mere storytelling to provoke profound introspection."<ref>{{cite news |last=Santosh |first=Ashna |title=Kooki Movie Review: Ritisha Khaund, Devoleena's Emotionally Charged Film Sparks Serious Discussion |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/reviews/bollywood/kooki-movie-review-ritisha-khaund-devoleenas-emotionally-charged-film-sparks-serious-discussion-review-111341583 |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[Times Now]] |date=28 June 2024 |language=en}}{{rating|3.5|5}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=tt29310746}}
* [https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/kooki/cast/ Kooki] at [[Bollywood Hungama]]
* [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-details/kooki/movieshow/109188591.cms Kooki] at [[Times Of India]]

[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:2024 drama films]]
[[Category:2024 films]]
[[Category:2024 Indian films]]
[[Category:2024 Hindi-language films]]

Uma Charan Mohanty

2026-02-27T21:02:32Z

Ieagle: Creating The Details From Scratch

{{Short description|Indian meteorologist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Uma Charan Mohanty
| image = Uma Charan Mohanty.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Uma Charan Mohanty giving a seminar in [[Sambalpur University]] on climate change
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1948|6|29}}
| birth_place = [[Odisha]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| residence =
| fields = {{ublist | [[Meteorology]] }}
| workplaces = {{ublist | [[IIT Bhubaneswar]] | [[IIT Delhi]] }}
| alma_mater = {{ublist | [[Utkal University]] | [[Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia]] | [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]] | Odisha Bigyan Academy | UN-CECAR }}
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = Studies on Indian summer monsoon and tropical cyclones
| awards = {{ublist | 1984 M. G. Deshpande Award | 1989 12th MAUSAM Award | 1993 [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize|S. S. Bhatnagar Prize]] | 1996 AR & DB Silver Jubilee Award | 1999 Samanta Chandra Sekhar Award | 2009 Sir Gilbert Walker Gold Medal | 2013 National Award in Atmospheric Sciences and Technology }}
}}
'''Uma Charan Mohanty''' (born 1948) is an Indian [[meteorologist]] and an emeritus professor at the School of Earth, Ocean and Climate Sciences of the [[Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar]].<ref name="Timid bay cyclone kills more than tough pacific hurricane">{{Cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2016/dec/18/timid-bay-cyclone-kills-more-than-tough-pacific-hurricane-1550442.html |title=Timid bay cyclone kills more than tough pacific hurricane |date=18 December 2016 |newspaper=Indian Express}}</ref><ref name="Odisha to Bear Brunt of Extreme Weather: Experts">{{Cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2015/dec/28/odisha-to-bear-brunt-of-extreme-weather-experts-861620.html |title=Odisha to Bear Brunt of Extreme Weather: Experts |date=28 December 2015 |newspaper=Indian Express}}</ref> He is the president of Odisha Bigyan Academy<ref name="National Energy Conservation Day – 2013">{{Cite web |url=http://orissabigyanacademy.nic.in/(S(3gfnb5zt1jqmpo45stsuy255))/capital_high_school.html |title=National Energy Conservation Day – 2013 |date=2013 |publisher=Odisha Bigyan Academy |access-date=24 December 2016 |archive-date=25 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225080558/http://orissabigyanacademy.nic.in/(S(3gfnb5zt1jqmpo45stsuy255))/capital_high_school.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="
Interactive Meet of Students and Science Teachers with Scientists to Develop Scientific Temper">{{Cite web |url=http://orissabigyanacademy.nic.in/(S(3gfnb5zt1jqmpo45stsuy255))/govt_high_school.html |title=Interactive Meet of Students and Science Teachers with Scientists to Develop Scientific Temper |date=2014 |publisher=Odisha Bigyan Academy }}{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> and is known for his researches on the Indian summer monsoon.<ref name="Brief Profile of the Awardee">{{Cite web |url=http://ssbprize.gov.in/content/Detail.aspx?AID=193 |title=Brief Profile of the Awardee |date=2016 |publisher=Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize |access-date=12 November 2016}}</ref> Besides being an elected fellow of the [[Indian Geophysical Union]], he is also an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies viz. [[Indian National Science Academy]],<ref name="Indian fellow">{{Cite web |url=http://insaindia.res.in/detail.php?id=P15-1686 |title=Indian fellow |date=2016 |publisher=Indian National Science Academy |access-date=24 December 2016 |archive-date=2 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502193849/https://www.insaindia.res.in/detail.php?id=P15-1686 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Indian Academy of Sciences]],<ref name="Fellow profile">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ias.ac.in/describe/fellow/Mohanty,_Prof._Uma_Charan |title=Fellow profile |date=2016 |publisher=Indian Academy of Sciences}}</ref> and the [[National Academy of Sciences, India]].<ref name="NASI fellows">{{Cite web |url=http://www.nasi.org.in/Year%20Book%202015.pdf |title=NASI fellows |date=2016 |publisher=National Academy of Sciences, India |access-date=24 December 2016 |archive-date=6 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806211716/http://www.nasi.org.in/Year%20Book%202015.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]], the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology]], one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary Sciences in 1993.<ref name="View Bhatnagar Awardees">{{cite web | url=http://ssbprize.gov.in/Content/AwardeeList.aspx | title=View Bhatnagar Awardees | publisher=Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize | date=2016 | access-date=12 November 2016}}</ref>{{Refn|group=note|Long link - please select award year to see details}}

== Biography ==
[[File:Master Plan of IIT Bhubaneswar Main Building.jpg|thumb|235px|left|IIT Bhubaneswar Main Building]]
U. C. Mohanty, born on 29 June 1948 in the Indian state of [[Odisha]], graduated in science from [[Utkal University]] in 1969 and completed his master's degree in physics from the same university in 1971.<ref name="Prof. U. C. Mohanty - Faculty profile">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iitbbs.ac.in/faculty/iit_1381289705.pdf |title=Prof. U. C. Mohanty - Faculty profile |date=2016 |publisher=IIT Bhubaneswar}}</ref> Subsequently, he enrolled for his doctoral studies at [[Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia]] and obtained a PhD in [[Tropical meteorology]] in 1978.<ref name="Prof. U. C. Mohanty on IIT BBS">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iitbbs.ac.in/profile.php/ucmohanty |title=Prof. U. C. Mohanty on IIT BBS |date=2016 |publisher=IIT Bhubaneswar}}</ref> Returning to India, he started his career at the [[Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar]] (IIT BBS) as a senior scientific officer, a post he held till 1992 when he was sent on deputation to the [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]] as the joint director and head of the Research Division for a three-year term. On completion of his deputation, he returned to IIT BBS but stayed there only for three more years and joined the [[Indian Institute of Technology Delhi]] (IITD) in 1998 as a professor at the Centre for Atmospheric Sciences. In 1998, he assumed the directorship of the Centre and served as a Higher Academic Grade (HAG) professor till his superannuation in 2013. On retirement, he returned to IIT BBS as a visiting professor and holds the rank of an emeritus professor.<ref name="Prof. U. C. Mohanty - Faculty profile" /> Since 2013, he has also been heading the Odisha Bigyan Academy as its president.<ref name="Prof. U. C. Mohanty on IIT BBS" /> He is also a former visiting scientist at the Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre, Thailand<ref name="Ignored warnings 'worsened' Myanmar cyclone disaster">{{Cite web |url=https://www.scidev.net/global/policy/news/ignored-warnings-worsened-myanmar-cyclone-disaster.html |title=Ignored warnings 'worsened' Myanmar cyclone disaster |date=2008 |publisher=SciDeNet}}</ref> and is a faculty member at the University Network for Climate and Ecosystems Change Adaptation Research (UN-CECAR) of the United Nations.<ref name="Visiting Faculty UC Mohanty">{{Cite web |url=http://cecar.unu.edu/courses/people/uc-mohanty |title=Visiting Faculty UC Mohanty |date=2016 |publisher=University Network for Climate and Ecosystems Change Adaptation Research }}{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref>

== Legacy ==
[[File:Aug2011monsoon.JPG|thumb|235px|Monsoon over India]]
Mohanty is known to have done extensive research on Indian summer monsoon and his studies have assisted in widening the understanding of the phenomena.<ref name="Handbook of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize Winners">{{cite web | url=http://www.csirhrdg.res.in/ssb.pdf | title=Handbook of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize Winners | publisher=Council of Scientific and Industrial Research | date=1999}}</ref> He developed several numerical models and simulations for weather prediction and his experiments helped predict tropical cyclones, rainfall events, thunderstorms and snow storms in the region.<ref name="UC Mohanty on UN-CESAR - faculty profile">{{Cite web |url=http://s3.isp.unu.edu/groups/cecarweb/wiki/e7b61/UC_Mohanty.html |title=UC Mohanty on UN-CESAR - faculty profile |date=2016 |publisher=University Network for Climate and Ecosystems Change Adaptation Research }}{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> He overseas a team of researchers engaged in the study of coastal inundation with a view to develop Land-Ocean-Atmospheric Modelling System for predicting extreme weather events.<ref name="IIT-B working with US scientists to predict storm surge">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ptinews.com/news/8213398_IIT-B-working-with-US-scientists-to-predict-storm-surge.html |title=IIT-B working with US scientists to predict storm surge |date=23 December 2016 |publisher=Press Trust of India}}</ref> His studies have been detailed in several peer-reviewed articles;<ref name="Browse by Fellow">{{Cite web |url=https://repository.ias.ac.in/view/fellows/Mohanty=3AUma_Charan=3A=3A.html |title=Browse by Fellow |date=2016 |publisher=Indian Academy of Sciences}}</ref>{{Refn|group=note|Please see ''Selected bibliography'' section}} [[ResearchGate]] and [[Google Scholar]], two online repositories of scientific articles, have listed 270<ref name="On ResearchGate">{{Cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/U_C_Mohanty |title=On ResearchGate |date=2016 }}</ref> and 323 of them respectively.<ref name="On Google Scholar">{{Cite web |url=https://scholar.google.ae/citations?user=RPDTZXsAAAAJ&hl=en |title=On Google Scholar |date=2016 |publisher=Google Scholar}}</ref> He has also co-edited a book, ''Monitoring and Prediction of Tropical Cyclones in the Indian Ocean and Climate Change'', published by [[Springer Science+Business Media]] in 2013.<ref name="MohantyMohapatra2013">{{cite book|author1=U.C. Mohanty|author2=M. Mohapatra|author3=O.P. Singh, B.K. Bandyopadhyay, L.S. Rathore|title=Monitoring and Prediction of Tropical Cyclones in the Indian Ocean and Climate Change|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JhLHBAAAQBAJ|date=12 October 2013|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-007-7720-0}}</ref> He has edited the book, ''Advanced Numerical Modelling and Data Assimilation Techniques for Tropical Cyclone Prediction'', published by [[Springer Science+Business Media]] in 2016.<ref name="MohantyGopalakrishnan2016">{{cite book|author1=U.C. Mohanty|author2=Sundararaman G. Gopalakrishnan|title=Advanced Numerical Modelling and Data Assimilation Techniques for Tropical Cyclone Prediction|date=21 November 2016 |publisher=Springer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4YyPDQAAQBAJ|isbn=978-9402408966}}</ref>

Mohanty is a member of the Core Group on Floods of the [[National Disaster Management Authority (India)|National Disaster Management Authority]]<ref name="Core Group on Floods">{{Cite web |url=http://ndma.gov.in/en/about-ndma/budget/20-media-public-awareness/natural-disaster/floods/58-groups-and-subgroups.html |title=Core Group on Floods |date=2016 |publisher=National Disaster Management Authority}}</ref> as well as the Scientific Review and Monitoring Committee (SRMC) of the [[Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology]];<ref name="Scientific Review and Monitoring Committee (SRMC)">{{Cite web |url=https://www.tropmet.res.in/monsoon/files/srmc.php |title=Scientific Review and Monitoring Committee (SRMC) |date=2016 |publisher=Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology}}</ref> he was among the organizers of the National Symposium on Tropical Meteorology (TROPMET-2016) at the [[Siksha O Anusandhan University]] during 19–23 December 2016.<ref name="Bay of Bengal witnessed 500 cyclones in 125 years">{{Cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2016/dec/18/bay-of-bengal-witnessed-500-cyclones-in-125-years-1550500.html |title=Bay of Bengal witnessed 500 cyclones in 125 years |date=18 December 2016 |newspaper=Indian Express}}</ref> He was also involved in the organization of the 22nd State Level National Children's Science Congress held at [[KIIT International School]] in 2014 where he served as a judge of the congress.<ref name="22nd State Level National Children's Science Congress - 2014">{{Cite web |url=http://kiit-is.org/imgcsc9_11_2014.php |title=22nd State Level National Children's Science Congress - 2014 |date=2014 |publisher=KIIT International School |access-date=24 December 2016 |archive-date=30 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230230806/http://kiit-is.org/imgcsc9_11_2014.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> He is known to have made over 45 international visits<ref name="Prof. U. C. Mohanty on IIT BBS" /> and has delivered plenary or invited addresses at several conferences and seminars including the lecture on ''Numerical Simulation of Track and Intensity of Orissa Super Cyclone-1999'' at the 5th International Conference on Information Technology in 2002,<ref name="5th International Conference on Information Technology">{{Cite web |url=https://ece.uwaterloo.ca/~snaik//CIT02/cit02-advprg.pdf |title=5th International Conference on Information Technology |date=2002 |publisher=Orissa Information Technology Society}}</ref> the seminar on ''Numerical Modeling of Land Surface Processes for Improved-Simulation of Extreme Weather Events over the Indian Region'' of 2014<ref name="HRD seminar">{{Cite web |url=https://noaahrd.wordpress.com/2014/06/20/hrd-seminar-prof-u-c-mohanty-india-institute-of-technology-iit-bhubaneswar-odisha-india-18-june-2014/ |title=HRD seminar |date=2014 |publisher=Hurricane Research Division}}</ref> and the ''Colloquium on Recent Developments in Prediction of Tropical Cyclone and Associated Coastal Hazards'' of 2016,<ref name="Colloquium on Recent Developments in Prediction of Tropical Cyclone and Associated Coastal Hazards">{{Cite web |url=http://tropmet2016.org/downloads/Colloquium_on_TC%26CH_Brochure.pdf |title=Colloquium on Recent Developments in Prediction of Tropical Cyclone and Associated Coastal Hazards |date=2016 |publisher=TROPMET |access-date=24 December 2016 |archive-date=25 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225082646/http://tropmet2016.org/downloads/Colloquium_on_TC%26CH_Brochure.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> both held at IIT Bhubaneswar, and the ''National Workshop on GPS RO Techniques and Applications'' of 2015 held at [[SRM Institute of Science and Technology]].<ref name="National Workshop on GPS RO Techniques and Applications">{{Cite web |url=http://srmuniv.ac.in/downloads/invitation_gps_ro_workshop.pdf |title=National Workshop on GPS RO Techniques and Applications |date=2015 |publisher=SRM Institute of Science and Technology |access-date=24 December 2016 |archive-date=18 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318041853/http://www.srmuniv.ac.in/downloads/invitation_gps_ro_workshop.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Awards and honours ==
Mohanty received the Prof. M. G. Deshpande Award in 1984,<ref name="Prof. U. C. Mohanty - Faculty profile" /> followed by the 12th MAUSAM Award of the ''Mausam'' journal of the [[India Meteorological Department]] in 1989 and the Silver Jubilee Award of the Aeronautics Research and Development Board in 1996.<ref name="AR & DB Silver Jubilee Award">{{Cite web |url=http://www.oits.org/cit2002/fcfp02.html |title=AR & DB Silver Jubilee Award |date=2002 |publisher=Orissa Information Technology Society}}</ref> The Odisha Bigyan Academy presented him the Samanta Chandra Sekhar Award in 1999<ref name="Details of the Previous Winners">{{Cite web |url=http://orissabigyanacademy.nic.in/(S(jady00nncb3uae45galwvije))/award_scs_prv_winner.html |title=Details of the Previous Winners |date=2016 |publisher=Odisha Bigyan Academy |access-date=24 December 2016 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023441/http://orissabigyanacademy.nic.in/(S(jady00nncb3uae45galwvije))/award_scs_prv_winner.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]] awarded him the [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]], one of the highest Indian science awards in 1993.<ref name="Earth Sciences">{{Cite web |url=http://www.csir.res.in/External/Heads/career/award/BPRIZE/Earth_SCIENCES.htm |title=Earth Sciences |date=2016 |publisher=Council of Scientific and Industrial Research |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200915/http://www.csir.res.in/external/heads/career/award/BPRIZE/Earth_SCIENCES.htm |archive-date=2016-03-03 }}</ref> He received the Sir Gilbert Walker Gold Medal of the Walker Institute, UK in 2009,<ref name="Monitoring and Prediction of Tropical Cyclones in the Indian Ocean and Climate Change">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JhLHBAAAQBAJ&pg=PR9 |title=Monitoring and Prediction of Tropical Cyclones in the Indian Ocean and Climate Change |last1=U.C. Mohanty |last2=M. Mohapatra |last3=O.P. Singh, B.K. Bandyopadhyay, L.S. Rathore |date=12 October 2013 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-94-007-7720-0 |pages=9– }}</ref> the National Award in Atmospheric Science and Technology of the [[Ministry of Earth Sciences]] in 2013.,<ref name="Prof. U C Mohanty has received Ministry of Earth Science (MoES) Life Time Excellence Award">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iitbbs.ac.in/news.php?id=212 |title=Prof. U C Mohanty has received Ministry of Earth Science (MoES) Life Time Excellence Award |date=2013 |publisher=IIT Bhubaneswar}}</ref> Biju Patnaik Award for Scientific Excellence in 2017.,<ref name="Prof. U C Mohanty has received Biju Patnaik Award for Scientific Excellence">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iitbbs.ac.in/news.php?id=212 |title=Prof. U C Mohanty has received Biju Patnaik Award for Scientific Excellence |date=2017 |publisher=IIT Bhubaneswar}}</ref> Faculty Research Award in 2017-18.,<ref name="Prof. U C Mohanty has received Faculty Research Award">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iitbbs.ac.in/news.php?id=212 |title=Prof. U C Mohanty has received Faculty Research Award |date=2017–18 |publisher=IIT Bhubaneswar}}</ref> Odisha Citizens Award in Education in 2018.<ref name="Prof. U C Mohanty has received Odisha Citizens Award in Education in 2018">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iitbbs.ac.in/news.php?id=212 |title=Prof. U C Mohanty has received Odisha Citizens Award in Education |date=2018 |publisher=IIT Bhubaneswar}}</ref>

The Indian Academy of Sciences elected Mohanty as its fellow in 1993<ref name="Fellow profile" /> and the other two major Indian science academies, the National Academy of Sciences, India<ref name="NASI fellows" /> and the Indian National Science Academy, followed suit in 1997 and 2014 respectively.<ref name="Indian fellow" /> In between, he was elected by the [[Indian Meteorological Society]] (1999), [[Indian National Academy of Engineering]] (2010)<ref name="INAE fellows">{{Cite web |url=http://inae.in/search-of-fellows/ |title=INAE fellows |date=2016 |publisher=Indian National Academy of Engineering |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403030936/http://inae.in/search-of-fellows/ |archive-date=2015-04-03 }}</ref> and [[Indian Geophysical Union]] (2010) as their fellows.<ref name="Prof. U. C. Mohanty Awards">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iitbbs.ac.in/profile.php/ucmohanty/#menu1 |title=Prof. U. C. Mohanty Awards |date=2016 |publisher=IIT Bhubaneswar}}</ref> He also held the Senior Associate-ship of the [[International Centre for Theoretical Physics]] during 2002–09.<ref name="Prof. U. C. Mohanty - Faculty profile" /> Prof U. C. Mohanty elected as President, Odisha Bigyan Academy [[Odisha Bigyan Academy]] during 2013-2015.

== Selected bibliography ==
=== Books ===
* {{cite book|author1=U.C. Mohanty|author2=M. Mohapatra|author3=O.P. Singh, B.K. Bandyopadhyay, L.S. Rathore|title=Monitoring and Prediction of Tropical Cyclones in the Indian Ocean and Climate Change|date=12 October 2013|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-007-7720-0}}

=== Articles ===
* {{Cite journal |author1=Victor N. Mansfield |author2=John B. Carlson |author3=Gabriella Eichinger Ferro-Luzzi |author3-link=Gabriella Eichinger Ferro-Luzzi |author4=H. J. Eysenck |author5=Uma Charan Mohanty |author6=Balaji Mundkur |author7=Karl A. Wipf |title=Mandalas and Mesoamerican Pecked Circles [and Comments and Reply] |journal=Current Anthropology |date=June 1981 |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=269–284 |doi=10.1086/202664|s2cid=162758590 }}
* {{Cite journal |author1=Prasad, K. |author2=Dash, S. K. |author3=Mohanty, U. C. |title=A logistic regression approach for monthly rainfall forecasts in meteorological subdivisions of India based on DEMETER retrospective forecasts |journal=International Journal of Climatology |date=2010 |volume=30 |issue=10 |pages=1577–1588 |doi=10.1002/joc.2019|bibcode=2010IJCli..30.1577P |s2cid=129498155 }}
* {{Cite journal |author1=Dash, S. K. |author2=Nair, Archana Anil |author3=Kulkarni, Makarand A. |author4=Mohanty, U. C. |title=Characteristic changes in the long and short spells of different rain intensities in India |journal=Theoretical and Applied Climatology |date=2011 |volume=105 |issue=3–4 |pages=563–570 |doi=10.1007/s00704-011-0416-x|bibcode=2011ThApC.105..563D |s2cid=122264919 }}
* {{Cite journal |author1=Osuri, Krishna K. |author2=Mohanty, U. C. |author3=Routray, A. |author4=Kulkarni, Makarand A. |author5=Mohapatra, M. |title=Customization of WRF-ARW model with physical parameterization schemes for the simulation of tropical cyclones over North Indian Ocean |journal=Natural Hazards |date=2012|volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=1337–1359 |doi=10.1007/s11069-011-9862-0|bibcode=2012NatHa..63.1337O |s2cid=129824186 }}
* {{Cite journal |author1=Nair, Archana |author2=Mohanty, U. C. |author3=Acharya, Nachiketa |title=Monthly prediction of rainfall over India and its homogeneous zones during monsoon season: a supervised principal component regression approach on general circulation model products |journal=Theoretical and Applied Climatology |date=2013 |volume=111 |issue=1–2 |pages=327–339 |doi=10.1007/s00704-012-0660-8|bibcode=2013ThApC.111..327N |s2cid=122723011 }}

== See also ==
* [[Monsoon of South Asia]]
* [[Indian Monsoon Current]]
{{portal|India|Geology}}

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note|50em}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Cite web |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/bay-of-bengal-witnessed-500-cyclones-in-125-years-professor-at-climate-change-conferene-4432957/ |title=Bay of Bengal witnessed 500 cyclones in 125 years: Professor at climate change conferene [Sic] |date=18 December 2016 |newspaper=The Indian Express}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gTDDO79XRdw |title=Meso-scale modeling of extreme weather events in tropics - lecture 1 |last=U.C. Mohanty |date=11 August 2013 |publisher=International Centre for Theoretical Sciences |work=Lecture - [[YouTube]] video}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.iitsystem.ac.in/Externalpeer-uploads/c02c5181cf3e3b5.pdf |title=A Report for Internal Review |date=2014 |publisher=IIT Delhi |work=Centre for Atmospheric Sciences - Annual Report }}{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}

{{SSBPST recipients in Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean & Planetary Sciences}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mohanty, Uma Charan}}
[[Category:Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean & Planetary Sciences]]
[[Category:1948 births]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Indian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy]]
[[Category:Fellows of the National Academy of Sciences, India]]
[[Category:Indian meteorologists]]
[[Category:Indian climatologists]]
[[Category:Utkal University alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of IIT Delhi]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Indian Geophysical Union]]
[[Category:Scientists from Odisha]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian earth scientists]]

Toshen Bora

2026-02-25T07:26:00Z

Ieagle:

{{Short description|Indian footballer (1950–2024)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox football biography
|name = Toshen Bora
|image = Toshen Bora football.jpeg
|upright =
|caption = Bora in the 1970s
|full_name =
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1950|02|14|df=yes}}
|birth_place = [[Naharkatiya]], [[Assam]], India
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2024|9|14|1950|02|14}}
|death_place =
|height =
|position =
|youthyears1 =
|youthclubs1 =
|years1 = 1969–1973
|clubs1 = [[Assam football team|Assam]]
|caps1 =
|goals1 =
|years2 =
|clubs2 =
|caps2 =
|goals2 =
|totalcaps =
|totalgoals =
|nationalyears1 = 1971–1972
|nationalteam1 = [[India national football team|India]]
|nationalcaps1 =
|nationalgoals1 =
|medaltemplates =
}}
'''Toshen Bora''' (14 February 1950 – 14 September 2024) was an Indian [[association football|footballer]] from [[Assam]]. Toshen Bora's football career reached its peak in 1972 when he was selected to represent [[India national football team|India]] in pre-[[Olympic Games|Olympic]] qualifying matches. He was also chosen for the Indian team for a Soviet Union tour in 1970, but injuries prevented him from participating.

==Personal life==
Born on 14 February 1950, in Borbam Rangolipathar near Namrup, Dibrugarh, Bora showed his football talent from a young age.

Bora died on 14 September 2024, at the age of 74.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Time |first=Pratidin |date=14 September 2024 |title=Renowned Football Legend Toshen Bora Passes Away at 74 |url=https://www.pratidintime.com/sports/renowned-football-legend-toshen-bora-passes-away-at-74 |access-date=15 September 2024 |website=Pratidin Time |language=en}}</ref>

==Career==
He began his journey while still in Class 7 and by 1963–64, he was already invited to the North East India training camp. In 1964, at just 14, he was named the best player of the junior inter-district football tournament. He quickly rose to prominence, playing for the Dibrugarh senior team and serving as vice-captain of the Assam school team in the National School Tournament in Shillong.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=14 September 2024 |title='माराडोना' कहे जाने वाले दिग्गज भारतीय फुटबॉलर का निधन, 74 साल की उम्र में ली अंतिम सांस - Toshen Borah Dies |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hi/!sports/indian-football-legend-toshen-borah-known-as-maradona-of-assam-passes-away-at-74-hindi-news-hin24091405233 |access-date=15 September 2024 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=hi}}</ref>

Bora is regarded as one of the best footballers from Assam.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.assamolympic.org/members/Olympic_for_Indian_National.pdf| title=List of players from Assam who represented India national football team| website=Assam Olympic Association| access-date=15 September 2024}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bora, Toshen}}
[[Category:1950 births]]
[[Category:2024 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian men's footballers]]
[[Category:Footballers from Assam]]
[[Category:India men's international footballers]]
[[Category:People from Dibrugarh district]]

Kalamandalam Gopi

2026-02-23T08:27:54Z

Ieagle: added info

{{Short description|Indian dancer}}
{{Cleanup|reason=lack of sources, inappropriate tone.|date=December 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Vadakke Manalath Govindan Nair
| image = Kalamandalam-Gopi-2.jpg
| image_size = 225px
| alt =
| caption = Kalamandalam Gopi during a public function in 2011.
| birth_date = 25 May 1937
| birth_place = [[Kothachira]], [[Kerala]], India
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| other_names = Kalamandalam Gopi
| known_for =
| occupation = [[Kathakali Actor]], actor
}}
[[File:Keechaka Vadham BNC.jpg|thumb|262px|Keechaka Vadham performed by Kalamandalam Gopi]]
'''Vadakke Manalath Govindan Nair''' popularly known as '''Kalamandalam Gopi''', is an Indian dancer who is an exponent of the classical dance-drama style known as [[Kathakali]].

== Life ==
Born as Vadakke Manalath Govindan Nair in the Southern Indian village of [[Kothachira]] in Kerala, he completed his formal lessons in the dance from the Kerala Kalamandalam in 1957.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/dance/kalamandalam-gopi-has-been-the-favourite-of-kathakalis-aficionados/article18699924.ece|title=Kalamandalam Gopi has been the favourite of Kathakali's aficionados|last=K.k.gopalakrishnan|date=2017-06-01|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-12-12|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He began his career on the Kathakali stage in the 1960s and 1970s, but he had been appointed as a teacher at his alma mater, the Kerala Kalamandalam in 1957, by poet laureate Vallathol Narayana Menon, who had founded the school.<ref name=":0" />

In 1992, Gopi retired from the post as school principal and he is the only living performer of the art to have been appointed by Vallathol Narayana Menon himself.<ref name=":0" /> He is considered an icon of this dance performance.<ref name=":0" />

The government of India awarded him the civilian honour of [[Padma Shri]] in 2009.<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf|title=Padma Awards|date=2015|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf|archive-date=15 October 2015|access-date=21 July 2015}}</ref>

==Dance==
Gopi is known for the romantic and dramatic portrayal of the virtuous pachcha roles in Kathakali, notable among them being [[Nala]]n, [[Karna]]n and [[Rukmangada]]n. He has also played the choreographically denser roles of Bheeman (in the stories [[Kalyanasaugandhikam|Kalyanasougandhikam]] or [[Bakavadham]]), Arjuna ([[Subhadraharanam]]) and Dharmaputrar (that's [[Yudhishthira]] in [[Kirmeeravadham]]). Gopi is also highly regarded for his portrayal of yellow-faced pazhukka roles and other styles.

Gopi is a disciple of the award-winning [[Kalamandalam Ramankutty Nair]], [[Kalamandalam Padmanabhan Nair]] and [[Keezhpadam Kumaran Nair]], and was trained at [[Kerala Kalamandalam]], near [[Shoranur]]. Before that, he had a brief career as a practitioner of the more folksy [[Ottamthullal]], the solo dance form with lyrics by the [[Kunchan Nambiar]], a satirical poet. That was followed by his initiation into Kathakali by a leading guru called [[Thekkinkattil Ramunni Nair]] at the Koodallur Mana (a mansion of an upper-caste [[Namboodiri]] family) near Kothachira.

By the 1960s, Gopi's male protagonist roles were complemented by [[Kottakkal Sivaraman]], who gained name as an exponent of female roles on the stage. The pair still perform on stage together, although Gopi now also works with a younger colleague, [[Margi Vijayakumar]].

==In film==
Gopi has also acted (without Kathakali make-up or costumes) in several [[Malayalam]] feature films like [[Vanaprastham]].

Filmmaker [[Adoor Gopalakrishnan]] made a documentary film of Gopi, entitled ''Kalamandalam Gopi''. The film was shown at the [[International Film Festival of India]] in 2000, as well as at other festivals in India and abroad. Journalist Meena (Das) Narayan produced and directed a docu-fiction about Gopi in 2010. Titled ''[[Making of a maestro]]'', the documentary explores the evolution of Nair from childhood onwards.

==Awards==
* 1995 – [[Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.keralaculture.org/kathakali-a-ksna/468|title=Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award: Kathakali|publisher=Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala|access-date=26 February 2023}}</ref>
* 2006 – [[Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.keralaculture.org/kathakali-ksna/460|title=Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship: Kathakali|publisher=Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala|access-date=26 February 2023}}</ref>
* 2009 – [[Padma Shri]]<ref name="Padma Awards"/>
* 2011 – [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship]]

<gallery widths="160" heights="110" class="center" caption="Various Veshams of Kalamandalam Gopi">
File:Kalamandalam-Gopi-Nalan.jpg|Kalamandalam Gopi as Nalan in Nalacharitham Randam Divasam.
File:Padmasree Kalamandalam Gopi.jpg|Kalamandalam Gopi as Nalan in Nalacharitham Randam Divasam.
File:Kalamandalam Gopi.jpg|Kalamandalam Gopi as Nalan in Nalacharitham Randam Divasam.
File:Kalamandalam Gopi as Nalan.jpg|Kalamandalam Gopi as Nalan in Nalacharitham Randam Divasam.
File:Kalamandalam Gopi As Dasharadhan.jpg|Kalamandalam Gopi as Dasharadha in Dasharadhavilapam.
File:Gopi Asan as Karnan.jpg|Padmasree Kalamandalam Gopi Asan as Karnan in Karnashapadam.
File:Kalamandalam Gopi - Nalacharitham Second Day.jpg|Kalamandalam Gopi as Nalan in Nalacharitham Randam Divasam.
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Kalamandalam Gopi}}
*[http://pib.nic.in/archive/iffi2000/snpiffi2000ipnf1.html International Film Festival of India 2000 – Kalamandalam Gopi]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100715223556/http://www.mnjadv.com/ Making of a Maestro – Documentary on Kalamandalam Gopi]

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}
{{Padma Award winners of Kerala}}
{{SangeetNatakAkademiFellowship}}
{{Sangeet Natak Akademi Award Winners of Kerala}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gopi, Kalamandalam}}
[[Category:Dancers from Kerala]]
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]
[[Category:Kathakali dancers]]
[[Category:People from Palakkad district]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]]
[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dancers]]
[[Category:Indian male dancers]]
[[Category:Educators from Kerala]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educators]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award]]

Torit Mitra

2026-02-12T03:15:36Z

Ieagle: Creating A Details W/ Infobox

{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP one source|date=February 2024}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=May 2025}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Torit Mitra
| birth_date = 4 September 1956
| birth_place = India
| alma_mater = Delhi College of Arts and Commerce, University of Delhi
| occupation = Playwright, theatre director, painter, writer
| notable_works = 80 plays, including ''Abba Othoba Ekti Nidoya Shonsharer Galpo''
| awards = Best Playwright Award, Best Director Award, Gunijon Sambardhana (Eminent Citizen Honor)
}}

'''Torit Mitra''' (born 4 September 1956) is an [[India]]n [[Bengali language|Bengali]] [[playwright]] and [[theatre director]],<ref name="The Hindu - 13Sep2012 - Image of intensity">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/theatre/article3892659.ece|title=Image of intensity |last=Bajeli|first=Diwan Singh|date=13 September 2012|work=[[The Hindu]]|accessdate=20 October 2012}}</ref> who co-founded the avant-garde theatre company Sansaptak in 1992.

He has written 80 plays,<ref name="The Hindu - 13Sep2012 - Image of intensity"/> all staged by Sansaptak.

==Education and career==
Mitra graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in 1979 from the [[Delhi College of Arts and Commerce]] (a constituent college of the [[University of Delhi]]) and received a [[UNICEF]] Fellowship for Fine Arts.

He started painting professionally and became famous for his black-and-white drawings with political overtones. He received many national and international awards and recognitions. His paintings found their way to national and international collections and archives. He was also associated with the literary movement of the time.

Initially, Mitra started working in Bengali amateur theatre groups as a set designer and actor. At the age of 21, he became the youngest playwright and director of Bangla to receive an award in Delhi's theatre arena.

He was unhappy and dissatisfied with the practices in the urban Bengali theatre in Delhi. In 1992, some of his theatre friends approached him with the motivation to build a group of their own. They all had a common goal: a new outlook to the arts and theatre and a new language that would be their own. Eventually "Sansaptak" was born that became the turning point for Delhi's Bengali theatre. It was solely formed for the purpose of theatre.

Since 1982, Mitra has penned 34 plays – all staged by Saansaptak and other groups under his direction and design. All his plays have been critically acclaimed and loved by audiences.

He has received Best Playwright and Best Director awards for several of his plays at national competitions. He was honored several times by receiving the Gunijon Sambardhana (Eminent Citizen Honor) for being the only prolific contemporary writer and director in Delhi and for promoting progressive developments in the Bangla language through his stories, poetry and contemporary plays.

Mitra's plays have been performed under his design and direction at international and national theatre festivals, including [[Bharat Rang Mahotsav]], Legends of India, International Ganga-Jamuna Festival, All India Short Play Festival, [[Delhi International Arts Festival]], Bharatendu Natya Utsav.

Three of his original Bengali plays have been published. A publication consisting of four Hindi plays is being translated from the original Bengali plays.

Apart from plays, Mitra has penned innumerable short stories, poems and articles, published and unpublished. A collection of his 14 best short stories has been published entitled ''Abba Othoba Ekti Nidoya Shonsharer Galpo'', creating ripples in the Bengali community.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mitra, Torit}}
[[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:1956 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian short story writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian short story writers]]
[[Category:Bengali-language writers]]
[[Category:Bengali theatre personalities]]
[[Category:Delhi University alumni]]
[[Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Delhi]]
[[Category:Indian founders]]
[[Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Indian male short story writers]]
[[Category:Indian theatre directors]]
[[Category:Organization founders]]
[[Category:Poets from Delhi]]

Tarun Kumar (Bengali actor)

2026-02-12T03:12:57Z

Ieagle: Creating The Biography First Draft

{{short description|Bengali film actor (1931–2003)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Tarun Kumar Chatterjee
| image = Tarun_Kumar_Chatterjee.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1931|02|24|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Calcutta]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2003|10|27|1931|02|24|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| other_names =
| known_for =
| occupation = Actor
| spouse = {{Plainlist |
* {{marriage|[[Subrata Chatterjee]] |1962}} }}
| children = Manami Banerjee/(Jhimli Banerjee) ([[née]] Chatterjee)
| website =
| signature =
| yearsactive =
| father = Satkari Chatterjee
| mother = Chapala Debi
| relatives = [[Uttam Kumar]] (brother) Barun Chatterjee (brother) Sourav Banerjee (grandchild), Twarita Chatterjee (granddaughter in law), Suravita Ghosh (granddaughter), Indranil Ghosh ( grandson-in-law)
Panna Lal Banerjee (son in law)
}}
'''Tarun Kumar Chatterjee''' (24 February 1931 – 27 October 2003) was an Indian actor who is known for his exclusive work in [[Cinema of West Bengal|Bengali cinema]]. In most of his films, his role as a supporting actor gave him huge appreciation from critics and audience.

==Personal life==
Tarun Kumar was born on 24 February 1931 in [[Kolkata]]. He was the youngest brother of actor [[Uttam Kumar]]. Tarun Kumar passed his Matriculation from South Suburban School. Although he joined [[Ashutosh College]], he could not continue his studies. In his professional life, he used to work in Maclyod Company, Metro Cinema and then at Burn Company for few days. In 1962, he married fellow actress Subrata Chattopadhyay (18 July 1940 - 25 February 2004) and had a daughter.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2004/02/25/stories/2004022501821300.htm|title=Bengali actress dead|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=2004-02-25|accessdate=29 March 2018}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Tarun Kumar was also known by his nickname 'Buro' among film industry people. His grandson Sourav Banerjee is also an actor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/Now-Tarun-Kumars-grandson-in-films/articleshow/12425023.cms|title=Now, Tarun Kumar's grandson in films|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=11 January 2017}}</ref>

== Career ==
Tarun Kumar acted in over 500 films since making his debut with ''Hrod'' in 1954. In ''[[Jhinder Bandi]]'', he played the rival, Udit, the brother of Shankar played by Uttam Kumar. In ''Se Chupi Chupi Aase'' and ''Sonar Harin'', he played the antagonist. However, in most Uttam Kumar starred films, he either played the role of a friend in ''Saptapadi'', ''Chhadmabesi'', ''Jeeban Mrityu'', ''Deya Neya'' to name a few or that of an associate or well-wisher in films like ''Raja Saja'', ''Dhanyi Meye'', ''Mon Niye'', ''Sanyasi Raja'', ''Kayahiner Kahini'' and ''Brajabuli''. Tarun Kumar's acting skill may well be underrated by the tall shadow of his elder brother, Uttam Kumar but probably he was one of the finest character actors ever worked in Bengali film industry, who performed with equal ease in all types of roles irrespective of comic (e.g. ''Haat Baralei Bandhu'', ''Basanta Bilaap'', ''Mouchak'' and ''Personal Assistant''), negative (e.g.'' Joradighir Choudhuri Paribaar'', ''Dui Purush'' and ''Kalankita Nayak'') and intense (e.g. ''Sonar Khancha'' and ''Stree'' etc.) characters, including cameo (e.g. ''Sesh Anka'' and ''Rajkanya''). He received the President's award for his performance in the film ''Dadathakur'' in 1966. Apart from films he acted on quite a few professional theatres. His play ''Nahabat'', in which he had one of the main roles, ran for about seven years.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1031028/asp/bengal/story_2507835.asp |title=The Telegraph - Calcutta : Bengal |website=www.telegraphindia.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031214124952/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1031028/asp/bengal/story_2507835.asp |archive-date=2003-12-14}}</ref>

==Other works==
He was chiefly instrumental to establish the '''Uttam Mancha''', an auditorium in South Kolkata, named after his elder brother, the iconic Uttam Kumar whom he loved and adored. Presently, this hall is under the supervision of the [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]].

== Death ==
Tarun Kumar died on 27 October 2003 at the age of 72.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1031028/asp/bengal/story_2507835.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031214124952/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1031028/asp/bengal/story_2507835.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 December 2003|title=Tarun Kumar dead|newspaper=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]]|accessdate=29 March 2018}}</ref>

==Selected filmography==
{{col div|colwidth=18em}}
* ''Punarmilan''
* ''[[Dada Thakur (1962 film)|Dadathakur]]''
* [[Saptapadi (1961 film)|''Saptapadi'']]
* ''[[Chupi Chupi Aashey]]''
* ''[[Sonar Harin]]''
* ''Haat Baralei Bandhu''
* ''[[Jhinder Bandi]]''
* [[Kuhak (1960 film)|''Kuhak'']]
* ''Raja Saja''
* ''[[Deya Neya]]''
* ''[[Sesh Anka]]''
* ''[[Paka Dekha]]''
* ''Personal Assistant''
* [[Hrad (film)|''Hrad'']]
* ''Dui Bhai''
* ''[[Bhrantibilas]]''
* [[Rajkanya (1965 film)|''Rajkanya'']]
* ''Kaal Tumi Aaleya''
* ''Jiban Mrityu''
* ''[[Ashite Ashiona]]''
* ''Mon Niye''
* ''Kalankita Nayak''
* ''Chhadmabesi''
* ''Chowranghee''
* ''Joradighir Choudhuri Paribaar''
* ''[[Dhanyee Meye|Dhanyi Meye]]''
* ''[[Rajkumari (film)|Rajkumari]]''
* ''Jay Jayanti''
* ''[[Basanta Bilap]]''
* [[Dui Purush (1978 film)|''Dui Purush'']]
* [[Stree (1972 film)|''Stree'']]
* ''[[Sonar Khancha]]''
* ''[[Mouchak]]''
* ''[[Sanyasi Raja]]''
* ''Kayahiner Kahini''
* ''Phuleswari''
* ''Chameli Memsaheb''
* [[Striker (1978 film)|''Striker'']]
* ''[[Brajabuli]]''
* ''Binimoi''
* ''Bahnisikha''
* ''Sonay Sohaga''
* ''Behula Lakhindar''
* ''Pampa''
* ''Tasher Ghar''
* ''[[Abak Prithibi]]''
* ''Sathi Hara''
* ''[[Surya Sikha]]''
* ''[[Shudhu Ekti Bachhar]]''
* ''Kal Tumi Aleya''
* ''[[Chhoti Si Mulaqat]]''
* [[Antony Firingee (film)|''Antony Firingee'']]
* ''Kamallata''
* ''[[Chhadmabeshi]]''
* ''Roudra Chhaya''
* ''Chander Kachhakaachhi''
* ''[[Shesh Anka]]''
* ''[[Agnishwar]]''
* ''[[Andha Atit]]''
* ''Aparichito''
* ''Asadharan''
* ''Anandamela''
* ''Ami Se O Sakha''
* ''Alor Thikana''
* [[Indrani (film)|''Indrani'']]
* ''Ekhane Pinjar''
* ''[[Garh Nasimpur]]''
* ''[[Jiban Trishna]]''
* ''[[Dhanraj Tamang]]''
* ''Natun Tirtha''
* ''Nidhiram Sardar''
* ''Prithibi Amare Chay''
* ''Banhisikha''
* ''[[Bagh Bondi Khela]]''
* ''Kancher Swarga''
{{div col end}}

== References ==
<references />

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chattopadhyay, Tarun}}
[[Category:Bengali male actors]]
[[Category:2003 deaths]]
[[Category:1931 births]]

Muskaan Mihani

2026-02-08T17:56:50Z

Ieagle: created first stub needs work - done

{{short description|Indian television actress}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Muskaan Mihani
| image = Muskaan Mihani.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Mihani at the launch of ''ITA School of Performing Arts'' at Noida
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]]<ref>{{cite news|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Entertainment/Muskaan_badly_misses_Ahmedabad/rssarticleshow/2285091.cms
|title= Muskaan badly misses Ahmedabad |newspaper=Times of India |agency=TNN |author=Prerna Shah |date= 17 August 2007}}</ref>
| occupation = [[Actress]]
| spouse = {{marriage|Tushal Sobhani|2013}}<ref name=MMM1/><ref name=MMM2/>
| children = Mannat Sobhani (daughter)
| parents = Omprakash Mihani (father)
| known for = ''[[Dill Mill Gayye]]''<ref name=DMG/>
| years_active = 2004–2014
| relatives = {{ubl|[[Rishika Mihani]] (sister)|Vishal Mihani (brother)}}
| height = {{height|ft=5|in=6}}
}}

'''Muskaan Mihani''' is an Indian actress.<ref name=MM>{{cite news |url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/entertainment/tv/A-shot-in-the-arm/articleshow/15720590.cms |title=A shot in the arm - Mumbai Mirror |access-date=5 December 2013 |archive-date=11 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211202516/http://www.mumbaimirror.com/entertainment/tv/A-shot-in-the-arm/articleshow/15720590.cms |url-status=live}}</ref> She is known for her roles in ''[[Dill Mill Gayye]]'' and [[Jugni Chali Jalandhar]].

== Career ==
Muskaan started her career in 2004 with [[Sahara One]]'s TV show ''[[Raat Hone Ko Hai]]'' as Anuja.{{citation needed|date=February 2014}} After she played the role of Mandeep / Mandy in ''[[Ye Meri Life Hai]]''.{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} In 2006, she played in ''[[Pyaar Ke Do Naam: Ek Raadha, Ek Shyaam]]'' as Mala, after she roped for parallel lead in [[Zee TV]]'s show ''[[Mamta (TV series)|Mamta]]'' as Manisha.<ref name=MAMTA/>
In 2007, she made her Bollywood debut with Hindi film ''[[Heyy Babyy]]'' as Isha's friend.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}
She won the medical drama show ''[[Dill Mill Gayye]]'', where she played the role of Dr. Sapna.<ref name=DMG/> She was last seen in ''[[Fear Files: Darr Ki Sacchi Tasvirein]]'' as Ritu.{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}}

== Personal life ==
Muskaan Mihani was born in [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]] in a [[Sindhis in India|Sindhi]] family.<ref name=TOI2/> She has a younger sister [[Rishika Mihani]], who is also a television actress.<ref name=MMM1>{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/filmi-party/bollywood/Muskaan-Mihani-ties-the-knot-with-Tushal-Sobhani/articleshow/22361402.cms |title=Muskaan Mihani ties the knot with Tushal Sobhani |access-date=20 February 2014 |archive-date=9 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909093340/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-06/bollywood/41832428_1_sangeet-ceremony-muskaan-mihani-rishika |work=[[The Times of India]] |url-status=live}}</ref> Muskaan married with Bandra-based businessman Tushal Sobhani on 1 September 2013.<ref name=MMM2>{{Cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-08/mumbai/41872841_1_tv-actress-sangeet-ceremony-rishika|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140220063713/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-08/mumbai/41872841_1_tv-actress-sangeet-ceremony-rishika|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-02-20|title=Wedding celebrations for telly actress Muskaan Mihani in Mumbai - The…|date=20 February 2014}}</ref><ref name=BSKR>{{Cite web |url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/ENT-muskaan-mihani-is-all-set-to-marry-businessman-tushal-sobhani-4357255-NOR.html |title=Dr Sapna of Dil Mil Gaye is all set to marry businessman Tushal Sobhani - daily.bhaskar.com |access-date=20 February 2014 |archive-date=24 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224180046/http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/ENT-muskaan-mihani-is-all-set-to-marry-businessman-tushal-sobhani-4357255-NOR.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> Muskaan Mihani gave birth to a girl in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/itsy-bitsy/a-proud-mother-120741/|title=A proud mother|website=The Tribune}}</ref>

== Acting career ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+Television
! Year(s)
! Title
! Role
! Notes
! Source
|-
| 2004
| ''[[Raat Hone Ko Hai]]''
| Anuja
| Debut serial with episodic role
|
|-
| 2005
| ''Detective Omkar Nath (D.O.N.)''
| Victim
| In two episodic story "Victim of Fraud"
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2004–2005
| ''[[Ye Meri Life Hai]]''
| Mandy
|
| rowspan="2" |{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}}
|-
| ''[[Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa (TV series)]]''
| Sanjana
|
|-
| 2006
| ''[[Pyaar Ke Do Naam: Ek Raadha, Ek Shyaam]]''
| Mala
| Supporting role
|
|-
| 2006–2007
| ''[[Mamta (TV series)|Mamta]]''
| Masooma
|
|<ref name=MAMTA>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glamsham.com/movies/scoops/08/apr/25-muskan-mihani-waiting-for-Shahid%20Kapoor-040808.asp |title=Muskan Mihani waiting for Shahid Kapoor |access-date=20 February 2014 |archive-date=1 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301074741/http://www.glamsham.com/movies/scoops/08/apr/25-muskan-mihani-waiting-for-Shahid%20Kapoor-040808.asp |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2007–2008
| ''[[Dill Mill Gayye]]''
| Dr. Sapna
|
|<ref name=DMG>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indiantelevision.com/headlines/y2k7/aug/aug130.php |title=Star One to launch Dill Mill Gayye |date=9 August 2007 |access-date=20 February 2014 |archive-date=25 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225012825/http://www.indiantelevision.com/headlines/y2k7/aug/aug130.php |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Dahhej]]''
| Kritika
|
|<ref name=TOI2>{{Cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-03-10/tv/27782087_1_night-life-cg-road-busy-life|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140220063812/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-03-10/tv/27782087_1_night-life-cg-road-busy-life|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-02-20|title=I love Shahid: Muskan - The Times of India|date=20 February 2014}}</ref>
|-
| 2008–2010
| ''[[Jugni Chali Jalandhar]]''
| Dr. Jasmeet Lamba/Jugni Bhalla
| lead role
| {{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Aahat (Indian TV series)|Aahat]]''
| RJ Rakhi
| episode "Suno Ek Kahaani Maut Ki Zubaani"
|{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}}
|-
| 2010–2011
| ''[[Ring Wrong Ring]]''
| Mansi
|
|{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}}
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Bhai Bhaiya Aur Brother]]''
| Jennifer
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://entertainment.in.msn.com/tv/she-will-always-be-televisions-good-girl |title=She will always be television's good girl - DNA |access-date=20 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225181610/http://entertainment.in.msn.com/tv/she-will-always-be-televisions-good-girl |archive-date=25 February 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2|2013
| ''[[Fear Files: Darr Ki Sacchi Tasvirein]]''
| Ritu
| episodic role
|{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}}
|-
| ''Safar Filmy Comedy Ka''
| Host
|
|<ref>https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/muskaan-mihani-sheds-weight-to-return-to-tv/articleshow/45677183.cms</ref>
|}

;Films
*2007 ''[[Heyy Babyy]]'' as Isha's friend<ref name=TOI2/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb name|4371658}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mihani, Muskaan}}
[[Category:Actresses from Ahmedabad]]
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:Indian soap opera actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi television]]
[[Category:Indian Sindhi people]]
[[Category:Sindhi actresses]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

2012 in India

2026-01-18T15:04:54Z

Ieagle: Minor edits and structural improvements

{{short description|none}} 
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
{{Year in India|2012}}
This is a list of events in [[India]] in the year 2012.

==Incumbents==
{| class=wikitable
! Photo
! Post
! Name
|-
| [[File:PratibhaIndia.jpg|50px]]
|rowspan=2| {{flagicon|IND}} '''[[President of India|President]]'''
| [[Pratibha Patil]] (''till 25 July'')
|-
| [[File:Pranab Mukherjee-World Economic Forum Annual Meeting Davos 2009 crop(2).jpg|50px]]
| [[Pranab Mukherjee]] (''from 25 July'')
|-
| [[File:Hamid ansari.jpg|50px]]
| {{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Vice President of India|Vice President]]'''
| [[Mohammad Hamid Ansari]]
|-
| [[File:Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in WEF ,2009.jpg|50px]]
| {{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]'''
| [[Dr. Manmohan Singh]]
|-
| [[File:no image.svg|50px]]
| rowspan=2|{{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Chief Justice of India|Chief Justice]]'''
| [[S. H. Kapadia]] (''till 28 September'')
|-
|
| [[Altamas Kabir]] (''starting 28 September'')
|}

===Governors===
{| class=wikitable
! Post
! Name
|-
| '''[[Governor of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh]]'''
| [[E. S. L. Narasimhan]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Arunachal Pradesh|Arunachal Pradesh]]'''
| [[Joginder Jaswant Singh]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Assam|Assam]]'''
| [[Janaki Ballabh Patnaik]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Bihar|Bihar]]'''
| [[Devanand Konwar]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Chhattisgarh|Chhattisgarh]]'''
| [[Shekhar Dutt]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Goa|Goa]]'''
| [[Kateekal Sankaranarayanan]] (until 4 May) [[Bharat Vir Wanchoo]] (starting 4 May)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Gujarat|Gujarat]]'''
| [[Kamala Beniwal]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Haryana|Haryana]]'''
| [[Jagannath Pahadia]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Himachal Pradesh|Himachal Pradesh]]'''
| [[Urmila Singh]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu and Kashmir]]'''
| [[Narinder Nath Vohra]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Jharkhand|Jharkhand]]'''
| [[Syed Ahmed (politician)|Syed Ahmed]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Karnataka|Karnataka]]'''
| [[Hansraj Bhardwaj]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Kerala|Kerala]]'''
| [[M. O. H. Farook]] (until 26 January) [[Hansraj Bhardwaj]] (starting 26 January)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Madhya Pradesh|Madhya Pradesh]]'''
| [[Ram Naresh Yadav]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]'''
| [[Kateekal Sankaranarayanan]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Manipur|Manipur]]'''
| [[Gurbachan Jagat]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Meghalaya|Meghalaya]]'''
| [[Ranjit Shekhar Mooshahary]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Mizoram|Mizoram]]'''
| [[Vakkom Purushothaman]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Nagaland|Nagaland]]'''
| [[Nikhil Kumar (governor)|Nikhil Kumar]] (until 21 March) [[Ashwani Kumar (police officer)|Ashwani Kumar]] (starting 21 March)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Odisha|Odisha]]'''
| [[Murlidhar Chandrakant Bhandare]] (until 9 March) [[S. C. Jamir]] (starting 21 March)
|-
| '''[[List of governors of Punjab, India|Punjab]]'''
| [[Shivraj Vishwanath Patil]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Rajasthan|Rajasthan]]'''
| [[Shivraj Patil]] (until 12 May) [[Margaret Alva]] (starting 12 May)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Sikkim|Sikkim]]'''
| [[Balmiki Prasad Singh]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu]]'''
| [[Konijeti Rosaiah]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Tripura|Tripura]]'''
| [[D. Y. Patil|Dnyandeo Yashwantrao Patil]] (until 21 March) [[Devanand Konwar]] (starting 25 March)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Uttar Pradesh|Uttar Pradesh]]'''
| [[Banwari Lal Joshi]]
|-
| '''[[List of governors of Uttarakhand|Uttarakhand]]'''
| [[Margaret Alva]] (until 15 May) [[Aziz Qureshi]] (starting 15 May)
|-
| '''[[Governor of West Bengal|West Bengal]]'''
| [[M.K. Narayanan]]
|-
|}

==Events==
* National income - {{INR}}99,440,131 million

=== January - March ===
* 3 January: [[Pratibha Patil|President]] inaugurates new [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SHAR]] Mission Control Centre.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/article2769903.ece |title=Today's Paper / NATIONAL : President inaugurates new SHAR Mission Control Centre |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=3 January 2012 |access-date=16 February 2012 |location=Chennai, India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212002635/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/article2769903.ece |archive-date=12 February 2012 }}</ref>
* 9 January: [[Pravasi Bharatiya Divas|10th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas]] kicks off in [[Jaipur]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Mohammed Iqbal |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/article2784505.ece |title=Today's Paper / NATIONAL : 10th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas off to a vibrant start in Jaipur |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=8 January 2012 |access-date=16 February 2012 |location=Chennai, India}}</ref> Chief guest – [[Kamla Persad-Bissessar]], Prime Minister of [[Trinidad and Tobago]].
* 11 January: 42% of Indian children are malnourished – Hunger and Malnutrition (Hungama) report.
* 13 January: 5 million students perform Surya namaskar in Madhya Pradesh.
* 19 January: [[Delhi High Court]] grants bail for [[Suresh Kalmadi]] in [[Concerns and controversies over the 2010 Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games Scam]].
* 26 January: Nation displays military might on 63rd [[Republic Day of India|Republic Day]]; Thailand Prime Minister [[Yingluck Shinawatra]], chief guest of India's 63rd Republic Day celebrations.
* 2 February: [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] cancels all 122 licences given by [[A Raja]] in [[2G spectrum case]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/sc-cancels-all-122-2g-licences-pc-gets-a-breather/226374-7.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204154746/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/sc-cancels-all-122-2g-licences-pc-gets-a-breather/226374-7.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 February 2012 |title=Supreme Court cancels all 122 2G licences given by A Raja – Business News – IBNLive |publisher=[[CNN-IBN]] |date=2 February 2012 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* 5 February: Special CBI court dismisses [[Subramanian Swamy]]'s petition to prosecute Home Minister [[P.Chidambaram]] in [[2G spectrum case]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article2861838.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=Jiby | last=Kattakayam | title=No Chidambaram role in 2G plot: court | date=5 February 2012}}</ref>
* 8 February: Three [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] ministers caught watching objectionable video clip in [[Karnataka]] Assembly, Resign.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article2870464.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Minister caught watching porn in Karnataka Assembly | date=8 February 2012}}</ref>
* 11 February: Army Chief [[V. K. Singh|V.K. Singh]] withdraws petition from [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] in age-controversy.;<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article2881225.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=J. | last=Venkatesan | title=Army Chief loses age war | date=11 February 2012}}</ref> Advanced Interceptor missile is successfully test-fired.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Advanced-interceptor-missile-test-fired-successfully/articleshow/11844676.cms | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120701123043/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-11/india/31049322_1_advanced-air-defence-interceptor-missile-aad-interceptor | url-status=live | archive-date=1 July 2012 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Advanced interceptor missile test-fired successfully | date=11 February 2012}}</ref>
* 14 February: [[2012 attacks on Israeli diplomats|Blast]] at an [[Israel]]i embassy car in [[New Delhi|Delhi]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article2890802.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=Devesh K. | last=Pandey | title=Blast rips through Israeli Embassy car in Delhi | date=14 February 2012}}</ref>
* 16 February: Two fishermen, mistaken for pirates, shot dead off [[Kerala]] coast by Italian [[Enrica Lexie|ship]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/article2898196.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=Ignatius | last=Pereira | title=Fishermen, mistaken for pirates, shot dead off Kerala coast | date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* 20 February: Six killed in stampede at Bhavnath temple in [[Junagadh]] district, [[Gujarat]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/stampede-at-temple-in-gujarat-five-killed-177772 |title=Stampede at Bhavnath temple in Gujarat; six killed |publisher=[[NDTV]] |date=19 February 2012 |access-date=18 April 2012 |archive-date=16 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120416080320/http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/stampede-at-temple-in-gujarat-five-killed-177772 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 3 March: State Assembly election process comes to an end in [[2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Uttar Pradesh]] and [[2012 Goa Legislative Assembly election|Goa]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/other-states/article2956952.ece | location=Chennai, India | newspaper=The Hindu | first=Atiq | last=Khan | title=Voting records smashed in U.P | date=3 March 2012 | access-date=17 May 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719012129/http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/other-states/article2956952.ece | archive-date=19 July 2012 | url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 6 March: Election results for five state assemblies are announced; [[Samajwadi Party]] ([[Uttar Pradesh]]), [[Bhartiya Janata Party]] ([[Goa]]), [[Indian National Congress]] ([[Manipur]] & [[Uttarakhand]]), [[Shiromani Akali Dal]]-BJP combine ([[Punjab, India|Punjab]]) emerge winners.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/PartyWiseResult.htm|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Assembly Elections March 2012 Results|date=6 March 2012|access-date=17 May 2012|archive-date=15 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215065208/http://eciresults.nic.in/PartyWiseResult.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 14 March: [[Irom Sharmila]] fast against [[AFSPA]] goes on for 11 years. Indian Rail Budget 2012–13 presented by Rail Minister [[Dinesh Trivedi]].
* 16 March: Union Budget for 2012–13 is presented by Finance Minister [[Pranab Mukherjee]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-03-16/news/31201362_1_budget-presentation-railway-budget-7th-budget| archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707084407/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-03-16/news/31201362_1_budget-presentation-railway-budget-7th-budget| url-status=dead| archive-date=7 July 2012|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=16 March 2012|title=Union Budget 2012–13: Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee starts presenting his 7th budget|author=IANS|access-date=17 May 2012}}</ref>
* 18 March: Dinesh Trivedi steps down as Railways Minister after pressure from [[Trinamool Congress|TMC]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/dinesh-trivedi-to-resign-as-railway-minister/240381-37-64.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321011131/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/dinesh-trivedi-to-resign-as-railway-minister/240381-37-64.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 March 2012 |title=Union Railway Minister Dinesh Trivedi resigns |publisher=[[CNN-IBN]] |date=18 March 2012 |access-date=18 April 2012|first=Pallavi|last=Ghosh|location=New Delhi}}</ref>
* 21 March: [[Soumitra Chatterjee]] selected for [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award|Dadasaheb Phalke award]] for 2011.
* 22 March: India votes against [[Sri Lanka]] on the resolution to 'credibly investigate' allegations of violations during the war against [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] in 2009 in the [[United Nations Human Rights Council]].<ref>{{cite news|title=India votes against Sri Lanka, UN resolution on war crimes adopted|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/south-asia/India-votes-against-Sri-Lanka-UN-resolution-on-war-crimes-adopted/articleshow/12368302.cms|access-date=18 April 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=22 March 2012|author=AFP}}</ref>
* 29 March: India hosts [[2012 BRICS summit|4th BRICS]] summit at New Delhi. Heads of state of Brazil, Russia, China and South Africa are hosted by India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/brics-summit-in-delhi-successful-china/930235/3 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120730083727/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/brics-summit-in-delhi-successful-china/930235/3 |url-status=dead |archive-date=30 July 2012 |title=BRICS Summit in Delhi 'successful': China |publisher=Financialexpress.com |date=29 March 2012 |access-date=18 April 2012 }}</ref>

=== April - June ===
* 8 April: Pakistan President [[Asif Ali Zardari]] visits India on a personal visit to [[Ajmer Sharif]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-17650512|title=Pakistan's President Zardari visits India|publisher=BBC|date=8 April 2012|access-date=19 April 2012}}</ref>
*11 April: A pair of great [[2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes|earthquakes]] occur in the [[Wharton Basin]] west of [[Sumatra]] in [[Indonesia]]. The maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of this [[Fault (geology)#Strike-slip faults|strike-slip]] [[doublet earthquake]] was VII (''Very strong''). Ten were killed, twelve were injured, and a non-destructive [[tsunami]] was observed on the island of [[Nias]].
* 12 April: 18 get life term for Ode village massacre during [[2002 Gujarat violence|2002 Gujarat riots]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/gujarat-riots-18-get-life-term-for-ode-village-massacre-196598|title=Gujarat riots: 18 get life term for Ode village massacre|newspaper=[[NDTV]]|date=12 April 2012|access-date=19 April 2012|author=|place=Ahmedabad|archive-date=29 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729001351/http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/gujarat-riots-18-get-life-term-for-ode-village-massacre-196598|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 17 April: [[Reserve Bank of India|RBI]] cuts [[repo rate]] by 50 [[basis points]] for the first time in three years.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://in.reuters.com/article/rbi-repo-rate-policy-review-idINDEE83G03920120417| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203031550/http://in.reuters.com/article/rbi-repo-rate-policy-review-idINDEE83G03920120417| url-status=dead| archive-date=3 February 2016|title=Expert Views: RBI cuts repo rate by 50 bps, CRR unchanged|publisher=Reuters|date=17 April 2012|access-date=19 April 2012|location=Mumbai}}</ref>
*18 April: Major fire in the signalling system at [[Kurla]] brings [[Central Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Central line]] and [[Harbour Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Harbour line]] of [[Mumbai Suburban Railway]] to a standstill and two commuters lose their lives after falling off an overcrowded local train.<ref>{{cite news|title=Two killed after falling from overcrowded Mumbai train|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Two-killed-after-falling-from-overcrowded-Mumbai-train/articleshow/12729297.cms|access-date=19 April 2012|newspaper=The Times of India|date=19 April 2012|author=IANS|place=Mumbai}}</ref> The loss was expected to be {{INRConvert|170|m|nolink=yes}} to the [[Central Railway Zone|Central Railway]].<ref>{{cite news|last=[[Times News Network]]|first=Manthan K Mehta|title=Disruption in services may cause Central Railway a loss of Rs 17 crore|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Disruption-in-services-may-cause-Central-Railway-a-loss-of-Rs-17-crore/articleshow/12773481.cms|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120729060418/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-21/mumbai/31378731_1_kurla-ticket-sales-minor-fire|url-status=live|archive-date=29 July 2012|access-date=21 April 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=21 April 2012}}</ref>
* 19 April: India successfully test fires 5000 km range [[Agni-V]] [[ICBM]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article3330921.ece|title=Agni-V propels India into elite ICBM club|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 April 2012|access-date=17 May 2012|last1=Y. Mallikarjun|last2=Sunramanian|location=Chennai, India}}</ref>
* 21 April: Sukma [[district collector]] Alex Paul Menon kidnapped by Maoists in [[Chhattisgarh]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.odishatoday.com/viewnews.php?news_id=3369 |title=Sukma district collector Alex Paul Menon kidnapped by Maoists in Chhattisgarh |publisher=Odishatoday.com |date=21 April 2012 |access-date=5 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120808005121/http://odishatoday.com/viewnews.php?news_id=3369 |archive-date=8 August 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 24 April: Two NRI kids return to [[Kolkata]] after long legal struggle with [[Child Welfare Services (Norway)|CWS Norway]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/nri-children-return-home-norway-133355654.html |title=NRI children return home from Norway – Yahoo! News India |publisher=In.news.yahoo.com |date=24 April 2012 |access-date=5 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428044705/http://in.news.yahoo.com/nri-children-return-home-norway-133355654.html |archive-date=28 April 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 26 April: [[Sachin Tendulkar]], [[Rekha]] and [[Anu Aga]] nominated to [[Rajya Sabha]] by the [[President of India]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://epaper.indianexpress.com/35063/Indian-Express/27-April-2012#page/1/2 |title=Delhi, 27 April 2012 :DigitalEdition |publisher=Epaper.indianexpress.com |date=27 April 2012 |access-date=5 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430004016/http://epaper.indianexpress.com/35063/Indian-Express/27-April-2012#page/1/2 |archive-date=30 April 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Abducted [[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]] MLA Jhina Hikaka released by maoists after 33 days of captivity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Bhubaneshwar/Maoists-to-free-Jhina-Hikaka-today/Article1-846302.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426192831/http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Bhubaneshwar/Maoists-to-free-Jhina-Hikaka-today/Article1-846302.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 April 2012 |title=Hikaka released by Maoists after he promises to quit |work=Hindustan Times|date=26 April 2012 |access-date=5 May 2012}}</ref>
* 1 May: More than 100 feared dead after a [[Assam ferry sinking|ferry capsizes]] in [[Brahmaputra River|Brahmaputra river]], [[Assam]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Our Bureau |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120501/jsp/frontpage/story_15439209.jsp#.T6Dj7rMzCXE |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503160217/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120501/jsp/frontpage/story_15439209.jsp#.T6Dj7rMzCXE |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 May 2012 |title=150 missing as boat capsizes in Assam |publisher=Telegraphindia.com |date=1 May 2012 |access-date=5 May 2012 |location=Calcutta, India}}</ref>
* 3 May: Maoists released the Sukma Collector Alex Paul Menon after 12 days of hostage.<ref>{{cite news|author=K. Srinivas Reddy |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article3380258.ece |title=News / National : Collector freed in Bastar forests |work=The Hindu|date= 3 May 2012|access-date=5 May 2012 |location=Chennai, India}}</ref>
* 7 May: [[Pranab Mukherjee|Finance Minister]] postpones GAAR (General Anti Avoidance Rules) implementation till 2013.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/topic/General%20Anti-Avoidance%20Rules | work=The Times of India | title=General Anti Avoidance Rules: Latest News & Videos, Photos about General Anti Avoidance Rules}}</ref>
* 8 May: Over 100 [[Air India]] pilots go on strike.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/over-100-air-india-pilots-go-on-strike-top-ten-developments-207712 |title=Over 100 Air India pilots go on strike: Top ten developments |publisher=NDTV.com |date=2012-05-08 |access-date=2013-09-28 |archive-date=29 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729004917/http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/over-100-air-india-pilots-go-on-strike-top-ten-developments-207712 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 9 May: Centre government decides to withdraw [[2G spectrum case|2G]] [[review petition]] at the Supreme Court.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article3398961.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=Sandeep | last=Joshi | title=In U-turn, Centre decides to withdraw 2G review petition | date=9 May 2012}}</ref>
* 13 May: [[Indian parliament]] celebrates 60th anniversary.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article3416466.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=J. | last=Balaji | title=At 60, Parliament worried over frequent disruptions | date=14 May 2012}}</ref>
* 15 May: [[A. Raja]], the prime accused in [[2G spectrum case|2G scam]], gets bail.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/a-raja-gets-bail-in-2g-case-210992 |title=A Raja gets bail; likely to leave Tihar Jail today |publisher=NDTV.com |date=2012-05-15 |access-date=2013-09-28 |archive-date=29 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529123156/http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/a-raja-gets-bail-in-2g-case-210992 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 23 May: [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] led UPA-II government completes 3 years in office.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article3447492.ece |location=Chennai, India |work=The Hindu |title=Manmohan speaks of difficult decisions to boost investment |date=23 May 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526001150/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article3447492.ece |archive-date=26 May 2012 }}</ref>
* 27 May: [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] (KKR) win the [[Indian Premier League#Editions and results|fifth edition]] of the Indian Premier League<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/article3463163.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=Arun | last=Venugopal | title=Kolkata Knight Riders ends Chennai Super Kings' reign | date=28 May 2012}}</ref>
* 31 May: [[Bikram Singh (general, born 1952)|Bikram Singh]] takes over as Indian Army Chief.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/general-bikram-singh-takes-over-as-army-chief_778813.html |title=General Bikram Singh takes over as Army Chief |publisher=Zeenews.india.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref> [[11th Indian Telly Awards]] were held.
* 1 June: [[Brahmeshwar Singh]], chief of banned [[Ranvir Sena]], is killed by unidentified assailants.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-01/patna/31958124_1_ranvir-sena-khopira-brahmeshwar-singh | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104022639/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-01/patna/31958124_1_ranvir-sena-khopira-brahmeshwar-singh | url-status=dead | archive-date=4 January 2013 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Ranvir Sena founder Brahmeshwar Singh shot dead in Bihar | date=1 June 2012}}</ref>
* 5 June: [[Sachin Tendulkar]] takes oath as member of [[Rajya Sabha]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article3491592.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=Gargi | last=Parsai | title=Sachin charms Parliament too | date=5 June 2012}}</ref>
* 11 June: [[VS Sampath]] takes over as new [[Chief Election Commissioner of India|CEC]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/vs-sampath-takes-over-as-the-new-cec/265421-37-64.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615232647/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/vs-sampath-takes-over-as-the-new-cec/265421-37-64.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-06-15 |title=VS Sampath takes over as the new Chief Election Commissioner |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 15 June:[[Pranab Mukherjee]] is [[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]] candidate for President of India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moneylife.in/article/pranab-mukherjee-is-upa-candidate-for-president/26389.html |title=Pranab Mukherjee is UPA candidate for President – Moneylife |publisher=Moneylife.in |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 19 June: India pledges $10 bn to IMF for [[Eurozone]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Padmanabhan |first=Arvind |url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/india-pledges-10-bn-imf-eurozone-005452325.html |title=India pledges $10 bn to IMF for Eurozone – Yahoo News India |publisher=In.news.yahoo.com |date=2012-06-19 |access-date=2013-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120622065927/http://in.news.yahoo.com/india-pledges-10-bn-imf-eurozone-005452325.html |archive-date=22 June 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 22 June: [[Calcutta High Court]] strikes down Singur Land Act of [[Mamata Banerjee]] government.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/other-states/article3558305.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=Ananya | last=Dutta | title=Calcutta High Court strikes down Singur Land Act | date=22 June 2012}}</ref>
* 26 June: [[26/11 Mumbai|26/11]] handler [[Abu Jundal]] is arrested by [[Delhi Police]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/26-11-handler-abu-jundal-arrested/966842/ |title=26/11 handler 'Abu Jundal' arrested |work=The Indian Express|date=2012-06-27 |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 28 June: Surjeet Singh returns home after 30 years in Pakistan jail.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/surjeet-singh-released-from-pakistan-jail-107262-2012-06-28 |title=Surjeet Singh returns home after 30 yrs in Pak jail, gets rousing welcome at Wagah border : North, News – India Today |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date=2012-06-28 |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 30 June: 19 Maoists killed in an encounter in [[Chhattisgarh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/19-maoists-killed-in-biggest-encounter-cops/968536/ |title=19 Maoists killed in biggest encounter: cops |work=The Indian Express|date=2012-06-30 |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>

=== July - September ===
* 4 July: [[Ashok Chavan]] named in [[Adarsh Scam|Adarsh]] chargesheet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/maharashtra/ashok-chavan-named-in-adarsh-chargesheet_785368.html |title=Ashok Chavan named in Adarsh chargesheet |publisher=Zeenews.india.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 6 July: Disproportionate assets case against [[Mayawati]] quashed by [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/mayawati-disproportionate-assets-case-supreme-court-108214-2012-07-06 |title=Relief for Mayawati in disproportionate assets case, SC dismisses CBI probe against her : North, News – India Today |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date=2012-07-06 |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 7 July: Popular [[Time magazine]] dubs [[Manmohan Singh]] as 'underachiever'.
* 12 July: [[Jagadish Shettar]] sworn in as new [[Karnataka]] Chief Minister.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/jagadish-shettar-sworn-in-karnataka-chief-minister-109055-2012-07-11 |title=Jagadish Shettar sworn in as Karnataka chief minister : North, News – India Today |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date=2012-07-12 |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 13 July: Panel set up by PM to review [[General Anti-Avoidance Rule|GAAR]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/business/india/story/pm-manmohan-panel-norms-gaar-tax-evasion-109385-2012-07-13 |title=PM Manmohan Singh sets up panel for final norms on GAAR : India, News – India Today |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date=2012-07-14 |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 14 July: [[Hamid Ansari]] chosen as UPA nominee for vice-president.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article3639741.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=Smita | last=Gupta | title=Ansari set to get a second term | date=14 July 2012}}</ref>
* 20 July: [[2012 Assam violence|Assam Violence]] breaks out in [[Kokrajhar]] district and adjoining areas.
* 22 July: [[Pranab Mukherjee]] is elected as India's 13th president.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Pranab-Mukherjee-elected-Indias-13th-President/articleshow/15092749.cms | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316043938/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-22/india/32787938_1_vote-value-mukherjee-and-sangma-india-s-13th-president | url-status=live | archive-date=16 March 2013 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Pranab Mukherjee elected India's 13th President | date=22 July 2012}}</ref>
*25 July: Pranab Mukherjee takes over the post of [[President of India]].
* 27 July: [[2012 Summer Olympics|London Olympics]] 2012 from 27 July to 12 Aug.
* 8 August: Incident of violence against North-Eastern people in [[Pune]] as repercussion of [[2012 Assam violence|Assam Violence]] following which exodus of thousands of North-Eastern people from [[Bangalore]] due to a rumour circulated among them through SMS & MMS that they would be attacked after [[Eid al-Fitr|Eid]].
* 10 August: [[Hamid Ansari]] again elected as consecutively second vice-president of India after [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]].
* 11 August: Violence in [[Azad Maidan]] in [[Mumbai]].
* 12 August: London Olympics, This was India's most successful Olympics in terms of total medal tally, having won a total of 6 medals (0 gold, 2 silver and 4 bronze).
* 14 August: Union Minister for Science And Technology and Ex Chief Minister Of [[Maharashtra]] [[Vilasrao Deshmukh]] passes away.
* 17 August: Bulk SMS & MMS banned in India for 15 days to prevent a rumour of ensuing violence against NE people by [[Islamic fundamentalism|Muslim fundamentalists]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=Aug 18, 2012 |agency=PTI |title=exodus of northeastern people: 5 SMS per day limit comes into effect - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech-news/5-sms-per-day-limit-comes-into-effect/articleshow/15544381.cms |access-date=2022-05-04 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
* 23 August: [[Government of India]] increases daily [[SMS]] limits from five to twenty per day.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SMS limit increased from 5 to 20 per day with immediate effect |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/sms-limit-increased-from-5-to-20-per-day-with-immediate-effect-497588 |access-date=2022-05-04 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>
* 19 September: [[Central Bureau of Investigation|CBI]] makes first arrests in [[2012 Assam violence|Assam Violence]] cases.<ref>{{cite news|title=CBI makes first arrests in Assam violence cases|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-09-19/news/33952598_1_cbi-today-cbi-spokesperson-assam-police|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126224002/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-09-19/news/33952598_1_cbi-today-cbi-spokesperson-assam-police|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 January 2013|access-date=2 December 2012 | work=The Times of India|date=19 September 2012}}</ref> Mohammed Hashem Ali, Mohammed Adom Ali Sheikh, Mohammed Hashim Ali Rehman, Mohammed Qurban Ali Sheikh, Mohammed Imran Hussain were arrested after detailed questioning by agency sleuths.
* 1st: International [[Bio-diversity]] conference held at [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]].

=== October - December ===
* 20 October: A [[Low-cost carrier|low-cost airlines]], [[Kingfisher Airlines]] was suspend by all without license operation.{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}
*21 November: [[Ajmal Kasab]], the lone surviving terrorist of the [[2008 Mumbai attacks]] is [[executed]] in [[Yerawada Central Jail]].
* 12 December: The first edition of [[Kochi-Muziris Biennale]] began.
*16 December: [[2012 Delhi gang rape and murder]] - A female physiotherapy student was beaten and gang raped in Delhi, when the victim and a male companion boarded a bus in South Delhi in the evening, after watching a movie. The incident triggered huge outrage and protests across the country and forced the [[Government of India]] to react and work on safety for women. Public protests took place in Delhi, where thousands of protesters clashed with police, and other force units.
* 20 December: [[Narendra Modi]] (Chief Minister of Gujarat) wins third consecutive [[2012 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|assembly election]]. [[Virbhadra Singh|Virbahdra Singh]] wins election in [[2012 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Himachal Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Narendra Modi wins, but five BJP ministers lose|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/narendra-modi-wins-but-five-bjp-ministers-lose/311500-3-238.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729164335/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/narendra-modi-wins-but-five-bjp-ministers-lose/311500-3-238.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 July 2014|publisher=[[CNN IBN]]|access-date=29 December 2012|author=[[Press Trust of India]]|location=Ahmedabad, Gujarat|date=20 December 2012}}</ref>

==Cinema==

===Bengali===
{{Main|List of Indian Bengali films of 2012}}

===Bollywood===
{{Main|Bollywood films of 2012}}

===Malayalam===
{{Main|Malayalam films of 2012}}

===Marathi===
{{Main|Marathi films of 2012}}

===Ollywood===
{{Main|Ollywood films of 2012}}

===Sandwood===
{{Main|Kannada films of 2012}}

===Tamil===
{{Main|Tamil films of 2012}}

===Tollywood===
{{Main|Telugu films of 2012}}

==Sports==
{{Main|2012 in Indian sports}}

===January===
* 23 January: Rajasthan defeats Tamil Nadu to win the 78th [[Ranji Trophy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/rajasthan-defeated-tamil-nadu-to-win-the-78th-ranji-trophy-1327401766-1 |title=Rajasthan defeated Tamil Nadu to win the 78th Ranji Trophy |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 28 January: India suffer humiliating defeat of 4–0 against Australia in [[Border–Gavaskar Trophy|Test Series in Australia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/australia-v-india-2011/engine/current/match/518953.html |title=4th Test: Australia v India at Adelaide, Jan 24–28, 2012 | Cricket Scorecard |publisher=[[ESPN Cricinfo]] |date=28 January 2012 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>

===February===
* 18 February: [[Men's field hockey Qualifying Tournaments for the 2012 Summer Olympics#Qualifying 1|2012 Summer Olympics Men's qualification 1]] and [[Women's field hockey Qualifying Tournaments for the 2012 Summer Olympics#Qualifying 1|2012 Summer Olympics Women's qualification 1]] kick-off in New Delhi.
* 26 February: [[India men's national field hockey team|Indian Men's Hockey Team]] qualify for the [[2012 Summer Olympics|London Olympics]].
* 29 February: The first season of [[World Series Hockey]] kick-off.

===March===
* 4 March: Women Kabaddi Team wins first edition of World Cup [[Kabaddi]] Title.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/indian-national-women-kabaddi-team-won-first-edition-of-world-cup-kabaddi-title-1330952246-1 |title=Indian National Women Kabaddi Team won first edition of World Cup Kabaddi Title |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 5 March: [[Mahesh Bhupati]] and [[Rohan Bopanna]] clinched [[Dubai Tennis Championships|Dubai Doubles Title]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/indian-tennis-duo-mahesh-bhupati-and-rohan-bopanna-clinched-dubai-doubles-title-1330950250-1 |title=Indian Tennis Duo Mahesh Bhupati and Rohan Bopanna clinched Dubai Doubles Title |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 10 March: [[Rahul Dravid]] retires from international cricket after a spectacular career lasting 16 years.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article2979984.ece |location=Chennai, India |work=The Hindu |title=Standing tall, 'The Wall' bows out |date=10 March 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107031941/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article2979984.ece |archive-date=7 January 2013 }}</ref>
* 16 March: [[Sachin Tendulkar]] scores his 100th International Hundred against Bangladesh in [[Asia Cup 2012|Asia Cup]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Specials/Cricket/AsiaCup-2012/Chunk-HT-UI-AsiaCup2012-TopStories/Bangaldesh-win-toss-sent-India-into-bat/SP-Article10-826284.aspx |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120904141207/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Specials/Cricket/AsiaCup-2012/Chunk-HT-UI-AsiaCup2012-TopStories/Bangaldesh-win-toss-sent-India-into-bat/SP-Article10-826284.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 September 2012 |title=Cricket history for Sachin, but Bangladesh chase down India's 289 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=16 March 2012 |access-date=18 April 2012}}</ref>
* 18 March: [[Saina Nehwal]] wins the [[Swiss Open (badminton)|Swiss Open]] Grand Prix Gold Trophy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/indian-ace-badminton-player-saina-nehwal-won-the-swiss-open-grand-prix-gold-trophy-1332236419-1 |title=Indian Ace Badminton Player Saina Nehwal won the Swiss Open Grand Prix Gold Trophy |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 25 March: [[Mary Kom|M.C. Mary Kom]] and Sarita win Gold Medals in the Asian Women's Boxing Championship.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/mc-mary-kom-and-sarita-won-gold-medals-in-the-asian-womens-boxing-championship-1332761633-1 |title=M.C. Mary Kom and Sarita won Gold Medals in the Asian Women's Boxing Championship |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>

===April===
* 2 April: Final of [[2012 World Series Hockey]] season, [[Sher-e-Punjab]] wins by defeating [[Pune Strykers]] 5–2.
* 4 April: The [[Twenty20]] cricket league [[Indian Premier League]] kicks-off.
* 12 April: Shiva Thapa became the Youngest Indian Boxer to qualify for Olympics.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/article3303793.ece Shiva Thapa]</ref>
* 27 April: Wrestler [[Sushil Kumar (wrestler)|Sushil Kumar]] defeats Georgia's [[Otar Tushishvili|Otar Tushishvilli]] 3–0 in the final to qualify for the [[2012 Summer Olympics|London Olympic Games]].
* 29 April: [[Aditya Mehta]] defeats [[Pankaj Arjan Advani|Pankaj Advani]] to clinch the 28th Asian snooker title.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/aditya-mehta-defeated-pankaj-advani-to-clinch-the-28th-asian-snooker-title-1335951991-1 |title=Aditya Mehta defeated Pankaj Advani to clinch the 28th Asian snooker title |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>

===May===
* 5 May:
** [[Deepika Kumari]] (Archery) wins first World Cup title in individual recurve gold.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/article3387963.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Deepika Kumari wins first World Cup title | date=5 May 2012}}</ref>
** Indian Women Squash Team wins Asian [[Squash (game)|Squash]] Championship.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/indian-women-squash-team-won-its-maiden-asian-squash-championship-1336385460-1 |title=Indian Women Squash Team won its Maiden Asian Squash Championship |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 8 May: Indian Athletes win Four Gold, One Silver and Four Bronze Medals at Asian Grand Prix.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/indian-athletes-bagged-four-gold-one-silver-and-four-bronze-medals-at-asian-grand-prix-1336568011-1 |title=Indian Athletes bagged Four Gold, One Silver and Four Bronze Medals at Asian Grand Prix |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 10 May: [[Viswanathan Anand]] plays against [[Boris Gelfand]] to defend his [[World Chess Championship 2012|world chess championship]] title from 10–31 may.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://moscow2012.fide.com/en/ |title=Home – Official site of the match for the title of World Chess Champion |publisher=Moscow2012.fide.com |date=2012-05-31 |access-date=2013-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928013643/http://moscow2012.fide.com/en |archive-date=28 September 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 18 May: [[Mary Kom]] qualifies for London Olympics.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-18/london-olympics/31764359_1_london-olympics-mc-mary-kom-l-sarita-devi | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120711211000/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-18/london-olympics/31764359_1_london-olympics-mc-mary-kom-l-sarita-devi | url-status=dead | archive-date=11 July 2012 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Mary Kom qualifies for London Olympics | date=18 May 2012}}</ref>
* 27 May: [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] wins [[2012 Indian Premier League]] by defeating two-time champions and host [[Chennai Super Kings]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/kolkata-knight-riders-wins-ipl-title-103621-2012-05-27 |title=Kolkata Knight Riders wins IPL title, B-town cheers SRK : Celebrities, News – India Today |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date=2012-05-28 |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>

===June===
* 7 June: [[Sania Mirza]] and [[Mahesh Bhupathi]] won Mixed Doubles Title of the [[French Open (tennis)|French Open]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/sania-mirza-and-mahesh-bhupathi-won-mixed-doubles-title-of-the-french-open-1339137344-1 |title=Sania Mirza and Mahesh Bhupathi won Mixed Doubles Title of the French Open |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 10 June: [[Saina Nehwal]] wins [[Thailand Open (badminton)|Thailand Open]] Grand Prix Gold Title.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/saina-nehwal-clinched-thailand-open-grand-prix-gold-title-1339394459-1 |title=Saina Nehwal clinched Thailand Open Grand Prix Gold Title |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 17 June: Tejaswini Mule won Silver medal at International Junior Shooting Championship.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/tejaswini-mule-won-silver-medal-at-international-junior-shooting-championship-1340012882-1 |title=Tejaswini Mule won Silver medal at International Junior Shooting Championship |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 17 June: [[Saina Nehwal]] beats China's [[Li Xuerui|Xuerui Li]] to win her Third [[Indonesia Open (badminton)|Indonesian Open]] Title.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/saina-nehwal-beat-chinas-xuerui-li-to-win-her-third-indonesia-open-title-1339997957-1 |title=Saina Nehwal beat China's Xuerui Li to win her Third Indonesia Open Title |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>
* 21 June: [[Deepika Kumari]] becomes World No. 1 archer.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sports.ndtv.com/othersports/othersports/item/192199-indias-deepika-kumari-becomes-world-no-1-archer |title=India's Deepika Kumari becomes World No. 1 archer | Other Sports – More | NDTVSports.com |publisher=Sports.ndtv.com |date=2012-06-21 |access-date=2013-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120819003408/http://sports.ndtv.com/othersports/othersports/item/192199-indias-deepika-kumari-becomes-world-no-1-archer |archive-date=19 August 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

===July===
* 9 July: [[Leander Paes]] and [[Elena Vesnina]] end runners-up at [[Wimbledon Championships|Wimbledon]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-09/indian-challenge/32605613_1_paes-and-vesnina-indo-russian-pair-leander-paes-vesnina | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103133708/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-09/indian-challenge/32605613_1_paes-and-vesnina-indo-russian-pair-leander-paes-vesnina | url-status=dead | archive-date=3 January 2013 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Leander Paes-Vesnina end runners-up at Wimbledon | date=9 July 2012}}</ref>

===August===
* 27 July – 12 August: [[India at the 2012 Summer Olympics]] - Indian athletes win 6 Olympic medals.
* 18 August - [[VVS Laxman]] announces retirement from International Cricket.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Laxman retires from international cricket|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/22248264/vvs-laxman-retires-international-cricket|access-date=2020-10-19|website=www.espncricinfo.com|language=en}}</ref>

===October===
* 28 October: [[Indian Grand Prix|Second Indian Grand Prix]] at [[Buddh International Circuit]], [[Greater Noida]].

===November===
* [[England cricket team]] tours India for 4 test matches 5 ODI and 2 T20 matches.

===December===
* [[Sachin Tendulkar]] announced his retirement from [[One day internationals|ODIs]] on 23 December. He played 463 ODIs in all, scoring 18,426 runs, which includes 49 centuries and 96 half centuries.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sachin Tendulkar announces retirement from ODIs, wants to focus on Test cricket|url=http://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/sachin/news/item/201087-sachin-tendulkar-announces-retirement-from-odis|access-date=29 December 2012|publisher=[[NDTV]]|date=23 December 2012|location=New Delhi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121227131428/http://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/sachin/news/item/201087-sachin-tendulkar-announces-retirement-from-odis|archive-date=27 December 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Deaths==

===January – August===
* 16 January – [[Homai Vyarawalla]], 98, India's first woman photojournalist<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-16/india/30631588_1_first-woman-photojournalist-homai-vyarawalla-lal-bahadur-shastri |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108201314/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-16/india/30631588_1_first-woman-photojournalist-homai-vyarawalla-lal-bahadur-shastri |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 November 2013 |title=India's first woman photojournalist dead |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=16 January 2012 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref> (born 1913)
* 19 January – [[Anthony Gonsalves]], 84, [[Bollywood]] music composer, music arranger and teacher<ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_story.aspx?Section=Movies&ID=ENTEN20120192669&subcatg=MOVIESINDIA&keyword=music&nid=168421 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120714074754/http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_story.aspx?Section=Movies&ID=ENTEN20120192669&subcatg=MOVIESINDIA&keyword=music&nid=168421 |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 July 2012 |title=Big B mourns the death of real 'Anthony Gonsalves' |publisher=[[NDTV]] |date=19 January 2012 |access-date=16 February 2012 }}</ref> (born 1927)
[[File:Dara Singh 1.jpg|thumb|187x187px|[[Dara Singh]]]]
*3 February – [[Raj Kanwar]], 50, [[Bollywood]] film director, producer<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_filmmaker-raj-kanwar-passes-away_1645570 |title=Filmmaker Raj Kanwar passes away – Entertainment – DNA |newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]] |date=3 February 2012 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref> (born 1961)
* 7 March – [[Ravi (music director)|Ravi]], 86, music director in Hindi and Malayalam films (born 1926)
* 9 March – [[Joy Mukherjee]], 73, actor and director (born 1939)
* 15 March – [[Baby Falak|Falak]], 2, baby murder victim (born 2010)
* 28 March – [[T. Damodaran]], 77, screenwriter in Malayalam cinema (born c. 1935)
* 1 April – [[N. K. P. Salve]], 91, politician, parliamentarian, and a cricket administrator (born 1921)
* 23 April – [[Navodaya Appachan]], 86, film producer, director, and entrepreneur (born 1924)
* 24 April – [[Sheena Bora murder case|Sheena Bora]], 25, daughter of media executive [[Indrani Mukerjea]] (born 1987)
* 14 May – [[Taruni Sachdev]], 14, actress in films and television advertisements<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/child-actor-taruni-sachdev-paa-nepal-crash-victims-102187-2012-05-14|title=Child actor Taruni Sachdev of 'Paa' fame, among Nepal crash victims |date=15 May 2012|publisher=[[India Today]]|access-date=15 May 2012}}</ref> (born 1998)
* 12 July – [[Dara Singh]], 83, professional wrestler, actor, director, and politician<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_dara-singh-passes-away_1713868 |title=Dara Singh passes away – India – DNA |publisher=Dnaindia.com |access-date=2013-09-28}}</ref> (born 1928)
[[File:Rajesh Khanna Profile.jpg|thumb|176x176px|[[Rajesh Khanna]]]]
* 18 July – [[Rajesh Khanna]], 69, actor, film producer, and politician<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Tabloid/Rajesh-Khanna-Bollywood-s-first-superstar-dies-in-Mumbai/Article1-891123.aspx |title=Superstar Rajesh Khanna breaks millions of hearts, says goodbye |url-status=dead |access-date=13 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121122062002/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Tabloid/Rajesh-Khanna-Bollywood-s-first-superstar-dies-in-Mumbai/Article1-891123.aspx |archive-date=22 November 2012 }}</ref> (born 1942)
* 14 August – [[Vilasrao Deshmukh]], 67, politician (born 1945)
* 26 August – [[A. K. Hangal]], 98, freedom fighter, stage and character actor in Hindi films<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/AK-Hangal-passes-away-in-Mumbai/articleshow/15736176.cms|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121206010548/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-08-26/mumbai/33401470_1_veteran-actor-kidney-disease-and-hypertension-history-of-pulmonary-tuberculosis|url-status=live|archive-date=6 December 2012|title=AK Hangal passes away in Mumbai|date=26 August 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=26 August 2012}}</ref> (born 1914)

===September – December===
* 9 September – [[Verghese Kurien]], 90, engineer and renowned social entrepreneur, [[Operation Flood|"Father of the White Revolution"]]<ref name="Times">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Father-of-white-revolution-Verghese-Kurien-dies/articleshow/16318973.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602042628/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-09/india/33713090_1_verghese-kurien-father-of-white-revolution-milk-powder |url-status=live |archive-date=2 June 2013 |title=Father of white revolution Verghese Kurien dies |date= 9 September 2012|work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=9 September 2012}}</ref> (born 1921)
[[File:Inder Kumar Gujral 071.jpg|alt=13th prime minister of India|thumb|171x171px|[[Inder Kumar Gujral|Inder kumar Gujral]]]]
* 24 September – [[Thilakan]], 77, Malayalam film and stage actor<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/malayalam-thespian-thilakan-dead/article3931223.ece |location=Chennai, India |title=Malayalam thespian Thilakan dead |access-date=13 May 2013 |work=The Hindu}}</ref> (born 1935)
* 8 October – [[Varsha Bhosle]], 56, journalist, singer<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Asha-Bhosles-daughter-shoots-herself-in-head/articleshow/16722226.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010182257/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-10-08/mumbai/34321873_1_singer-asha-bhosle-prabhu-kunj-anand-bhosle |url-status=live |archive-date=10 October 2012 | title=Varsha Bhosle, daughter of Asha Bhosle, commits suicide |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=8 October 2012 |access-date=8 October 2012}}</ref> (born 1956)
* 21 October – [[Yash Chopra]], 80, Hindi film producer, director, script writer<ref>{{cite web|title=Director Yash Chopra cremated in Mumbai |url=http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_story.aspx?Section=Movies&ID=282893&subcatg=&keyword=Bollywood&nid=282893 |publisher=NDTV Movies |access-date=28 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025000545/http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_story.aspx?Section=Movies&ID=282893&subcatg=&keyword=Bollywood&nid=282893 |archive-date=25 October 2012 }}</ref> (born 1932)
* 22 October – [[Shubha Phutela]], 21, model and Tamil film actress<ref>{{cite news|title=Tamil actress Shubha Phutela dead|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-interviews/Tamil-actress-Shubha-Phutela-dead/articleshow/16927865.cms|access-date=23 October 2012|newspaper=The Times of India|date=23 October 2012}}</ref> (born 1991)
* 23 October – [[Sunil Gangopadhyay]], 78, poet, historian, and novelist<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1121214/jsp/howrah/story_16314132.jsp#.UZEw47XFWSo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304142005/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1121214/jsp/howrah/story_16314132.jsp#.UZEw47XFWSo |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 March 2016 |location=Calcutta, India |work=The Telegraph |title=Sunil remembered |access-date=13 May 2013 |date=14 December 2012}}</ref> (born 1934)
* [[File:Jaspal Bhatti.jpg|thumb|118x118px|[[Jaspal Bhatti]]]]25 October – [[Jaspal Bhatti]], 57, satirist, television and film director, producer, actor<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130630132441/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-10-26/news-interviews/34749228_1_jaspal-bhatti-savita-bhatti-jasraj Jaspal Bhatti died a day before son's debut film release]</ref> (born 1955)
* 28 October – [[Death of Savita Halappanavar|Savita Halappanavar]], 31, nurse in Ireland who suffered a miscarriage at University Hospital Galway<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20321741|title=Woman dies after abortion request 'refused' at Galway hospital|work=BBC News|date=14 November 2012}}</ref> (born 1981)
* 15 November – [[K. C. Pant]], 81, former cabinet minister in the Government of India<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/former-defence-minister-kc-pant-dead-292847 |title=Former Defence Minister KC Pant dead |publisher=NDTV.com |access-date=15 November 2012}}</ref> (born 1931)
* 17 November – [[Bal Thackeray]], 86, politician, founder of Shiv Sena<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/other-states/bal-thackeray-passes-away/article4105003.ece Bal Thackeray passes away] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116010611/http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/other-states/bal-thackeray-passes-away/article4105003.ece |date=16 January 2013 }} ''thehindu.com''. Retrieved 17 November 2012</ref> (born 1926)
* 30 November – [[I. K. Gujral]], 92, 12th Prime Minister of India<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.indiatimes.com/india/former-pm-i-k-gujral-passes-away-48871.html|title=Former Prime Minister I.K. Gujral Passes Away |publisher=Indiatimes|access-date=30 November 2012}}</ref> (born 1919)
* 11 December – [[B. B. Nimbalkar]], 92, first-class cricketer<ref>[http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/story/596756.html?CMP=outlook_news Former India first-class player Nimbalkar dies] – ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 11 December 2012.</ref> (born 1919)
* 11 December – [[Ravi Shankar]], 92, sitarist, musician, composer<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/music/sitar-maestro-ravi-shankar-passes-away/article4190878.ece| title=Pandit Ravi Shankar passes away| work=[[The Hindu]]| date=12 December 2012| access-date=12 December 2012| author=Ganapathy, Lata| location=Chennai, India}}</ref> (born 1920)
* 23 December – [[Anand Abhyankar]], 49, Marathi theatre television and film actor, victim of a car accident on Mumbai Pune express highway (born 1963)
* 29 December – unnamed victim of [[2012 Delhi gang rape case]], female physiotherapy intern<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-20860569 | title = Delhi gang-rape victim dies in hospital in Singapore | date = 28 December 2012 | access-date = 28 December 2012 | work = BBC News }}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Commons category}}
* [[2011 in India]]
* [[2010 in India]]
* [[2012 in Indian sports]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Years in India}}
{{Asia topic|2012 in}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2012 in India}}
[[Category:2012 in India| ]]
[[Category:Years of the 21st century in India]]

Transport in Bihar

2026-01-10T02:28:01Z

Ieagle: General improvements and edits

{{Short description|none}}
This article deals with the system of '''transport in Bihar''', both public and private.

==Road transport==
[[Bihar]] has [[National Highways in Bihar|national highways]] with total length of {{convert|5,358|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=India: length of national highways Bihar 2019|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/885397/india-length-of-highways-bihar/|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Statista|language=en}}</ref> and state highways with total length of {{convert|4006|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=India: Bihar state highways length|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1077685/india-bihar-state-highways-length/|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Statista|language=en}}</ref> Also. Bihar has {{convert|921|km|mi|abbr=on}} of proposed Expressways.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Bihar's first green field expressway to connect Mithila with Magadha, how long will it be ready, how many districts will pass through it? |date=7 March 2021 |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/bihar-first-green-field-expressway-gets-centre-nod-who-connect-magadh-to-mithila-aurangabad-to-darbhanga-know-when-this-is-ready-upl}}</ref>

The state is being equipped with more sustainable energy sources, CNG filling stations are being put up in different cities.

To manage overall road transport facilities in the state, [[Bihar State Road Transport Corporation]] (BSRTC) was set up in 1959 under the provisions of Road Transport Corporation Act, 1950.

BSRTC operates and maintains a fleet of more than 300 buses connecting all cities and towns within state of Bihar and neighboring states too. BSRTC not only connects every nook and corner of the state but also links this state with other surrounding regions including Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Odisha. However, contract for operation and maintenance of the buses has been given to two private companies viz. GIPL and Royal Cruiser. This contract is based upon public-private partnership (PPP) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transport Services in Bihar, Roadways in Bihar, Railways in Bihar |url=https://www.biharonline.in/about/transport |access-date=2024-02-28 |website=www.biharonline.in}}</ref>

=== Expressways ===
{{Main|Expressways of India}}

'''Expressways in Bihar''' are as follows:<ref name=rivb1>[https://www.thedailyjagran.com/india/gorakhpur-siliguri-expressway-nhai-new-568-km-route-approved-connect-bihar-delhi-northeast-reduce-travel-time-by-9-hours-details-10222727 Gorakhpur-Siliguri Expressway: New 568-Km Route Approved; To Connect Bihar With Delhi, Northeast, Reduce Travel Time By 9 Hours], Jagran, 9 Mar 2025.</ref>

====Within Patna city====
{{anchor | PE }}

These are intra-city short expressways.

{{Table alignment}}{{mw-datatable}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers col3right col4right col5right mw-datatable"
! Name
! States
! data-sort-type="number" | Total Length (km/mi)
! Length Bihar (km/mi)
! Cost (₹cr)
! Type
! Status
! Direction
! Comment

|-
|[[Outer Ring Road, Patna]]
|[[Bihar]]
|{{Convert|140|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|{{Convert|140|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|
| Greenfield
| Under-construction
| E to W
|

|-
|[[Loknayak Ganga Path|Loknayak Ganga Path, Patna]]
|[[Bihar]]
|
{{Convert|39.5|km|mi||abbr=on}}
|{{Convert|39.5|km|mi||abbr=on}}
| 3,160
| Greenfield
| Under-construction phase 2
| E to W
| Riverfront project within Patna.

|}

====West-East ====
{{anchor | WE }}

Within West-East direction listed from north to south:

{{Table alignment}}{{mw-datatable}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers col3right col4right col5right mw-datatable"
! Name
! States
! data-sort-type="number" | Total Length (km/mi)
! Length Bihar (km/mi)
! Cost (₹cr)
! Type
! Status
! Direction
! Comment

|-
| [[Gorakhpur-Siliguri Expressway]]<ref name="Biharsettoget" /><ref name=Biha1/><ref name=newex1>[https://news24online.com/india/bihars-game-changing-expressways-10-mega-projects-worth-rs-1-43-lakh-crore-on-the-cards/462106/ Bihar’s Game-Changing Expressways! 10 Mega Projects Worth Rs 1.43 Lakh Crore On The Cards], News24, 4 Feb 2025.</ref>
|[[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Bihar]], [[West Bengal]]
|{{convert|519|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
|
| 32,000
| Greenfield
| Under- Survey
| W to E
|

|-
| [[Buxar-Bhagalpur Expressway]]<ref name="Biharsettoget">{{cite web |title=Bihar set to get its 4th expressway, will connect Gorakhpur to Siliguri |date=23 November 2021 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/gorakhpursiliguri-expressway-proposed-will-benefit-10-districts-of-north-bihar-101637638123343.html |access-date=24 November 2021 |publisher=Hindustan Times}}</ref> (included Buxar-Patna Expressway and Munger-Mirzachowki Expressway)
|[[Bihar]]
|{{convert|308|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|308|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
|
| Mixed
| Under- Survey
| W to E
| From UP border to WB border through central Bihar along Ganga river.<ref name=Biha1>[https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/patna/greenfield-expressways-are-being-constructed-in-bihar-for-better-communication-axs Bihar to get six new expressways], Prabhat Khabar, 11 July 2023.</ref> Buxar-Bhagalpur Expressway includes '''Buxar-Patna Expressway''' ([[Purvanchal Expressway]]'s<ref name=rivb1/> extension, target completion 2026) and '''Munger-Mirzachowki Expressway''' (125 km, under-construction, completion 2028, Rs 8000 crore.<ref name=newex1/>
|}

==== Northwest-Southeast====
{{anchor | NWSE }}

Within Northwest-Southeast direction listed from north to south:

{{Table alignment}}{{mw-datatable}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers col3right col4right col5right mw-datatable"
! Name
! States
! data-sort-type="number" | Total Length (km/mi)
! Length Bihar (km/mi)
! Cost (₹cr)
! Type
! Status
! Direction
! Comment

|-

|[[Varanasi–Kolkata Expressway|Varanasi–Ranchi–Kolkata Expressway]]<ref name=Biha1/>
|[[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]], [[West Bengal]]
|{{Convert|686|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|
| 24,275
| Greenfield
| Under-construction
| NW to SW
| Via South West Bihar to Kolkatta.

|-

|[[Bettiah-Patna Expressway]]<ref name=newex1/>
| [[Bihar]]
|{{Convert|200|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|
| 6,500
| Greenfield
| Under-construction
| NW to SW
| Target completion 2028.<ref name=newex1/>

|-
|[[Dumaria Ghat-Bakarpur Expressway]] (Gorakhpur-Patna Expressway)<ref name=Biha1/>
| [[Bihar]]
|{{Convert|73|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|{{Convert|73|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| 1,543
| Greenfield
| Under-construction
| NW to Central SW
| Connects to Gorakhpur via [[National Highway 27 (India)|NH-27]] & [[National Highway 28 (India)|NH-28]], target completion 2028.<ref name=newex1/>

|-
| [[Patna-Kolkata Expressway]]<ref name=Biha1a>[https://themetrorailguy.com/nhai-patna-kolkata-expressway-route-map-status-update/ Patna-Kolkata Expressway details], themetrorailguy.com, accessed 18 July 2023.</ref>
|[[Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]], [[West Bengal]]
|{{Convert|450|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|
|
| Greenfield
| DPR
| NW to SW
| To be taken up in [[Bharatmala]]-II.

|-
| [[Haldia–Raxaul Expressway|Raxaul-Haldia Expressway]]<ref name=Biha1/>
|[[Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]], [[West Bengal]]
|{{Convert|695|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|
| 54,000
| Greenfield
| DPR
| NW to SW
| Under-construction, target completion 2028,<ref name=rivb1/> via Samastipur.

|}

==== Northeast-Southwest ====
{{anchor | NESW }}

{{Table alignment}}{{mw-datatable}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers col3right col4right col5right mw-datatable"
! Name
! States
! data-sort-type="number" | Total Length (km/mi)
! Length Bihar (km/mi)
! Cost (₹cr)
! Type
! Status
! Direction
! Comment

|-
| Darbhanga-Aurangabad Expressway (Amas-Darbhanga Expressway)<ref>{{Cite web |title=मगध से मिथिला को जोड़ेगा बिहार का पहला ग्रीन फील्ड एक्सप्रेस-वे, जानें कब तक बन कर होगा तैयार, कितने जिलों से गुजरेगी? |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/bihar-first-green-field-expressway-gets-centre-nod-who-connect-magadh-to-mithila-aurangabad-to-darbhanga-know-when-this-is-ready-upl |website=Prabhat Khabar - Hindi News |date=7 March 2021 |accessdate=12 November 2021}}</ref><ref name=Biha1/>
|[[Bihar]]
|{{convert|199|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|199|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
| 8,000
| Greenfield
| Under-construction
| Central NE to SW
| Central Bihar to South West Bihar. Target completion 2028.<ref name=newex1/>

|-

| [[Sasaram-Patna Expressway]]<ref name=newex1/> (part of Sasaram-Patna-Purnia Expressway)
|[[Bihar]]
|{{convert|118|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|118|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
| 4,000
| Greenfield
| Under-construction
| NE to SW
| Target completion 2028, Sasaram in northeast to Ara and Patna in southwest.<ref name=newex1/>

|-

|[[Patna-Purnia Expressway]]<ref name=rivb1/> (part of Sasaram-Patna-Purnia Expressway)
|[[Bihar]]
|{{convert|215|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
|{{convert|215|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
| 8,000
| Greenfield
| Under-construction
| NE to SW
| Target completion 2028:<ref name=rivb1/> Patna in northeast to Purnia in southwest.

|}

===National Highways===
{{Main|National Highways in Bihar}}
{{See also|National highways of India}}{{National Highways in Bihar}}

=== State Highways ===
{{Main|List of state highways in Bihar}}

== Rail transport ==

=== Urban Rail ===

{{Expand section|date=March 2022|small=no|find=search keywords}}

* [[Patna Metro]] - Under construction
*[[Patna Monorail]] - Proposed
*[[Patna tram]] - defunct since 1903

==Water transport==
[[Image:National Inland waterways 1.png|left|180px|thumb|Map showing national inland waterway-1 and various river ports or terminals along its stretch.]]
[[Image:Patna river port1.JPG|right|180px|thumb|[[Patna]] river port on national inland waterway-1 at Gai Ghat]]
{{Main|Inland Waterways Authority of India}}
[[Bihar]] is connected by [[Inland Waterways Authority of India#National Waterway 1|National Waterway No. 1]] which was established in October 1986. This waterway has fixed terminals at [[Haldia]], BISN ([[Kolkata]]), [[Pakur]], [[Farrakka]] and [[Patna]]. It also has floating terminals facilities at [[Haldia]], [[Kolkata]], [[Diamond Harbour]], [[Katwa]], [[Tribeni, Hooghly|Tribeni]], [[Baharampur]], [[Jangipur, Bihar|Jangipur]], [[Bhagalpur]], [[Semaria]], [[Doriganj]], [[Ballia]], [[Ghazipur]], [[Varanasi]], [[Chunar]] and [[Allahabad]].

==Air transport==
{{Main|List of airports in Bihar}}
{{See also|List of airports in India}}
[[Patna airport]] is well connected to cities like [[Delhi]], [[Mumbai]], [[Kolkata]], [[Bengaluru]] and many other cities in [[India]]. It is categorized as a restricted international airport, with customs facilities to receive international chartered flights. [[Gaya Airport]], is Bihar's only international airport and offers seasonal flights that connect the city to [[Thailand]], [[Bhutan]], and [[Myanmar]]. Airlines like [[IndiGo]], [[SpiceJet]] and [[Air India]] connect various airports in [[Bihar]] to cities across India. [[Darbhanga Airport]] is another domestic airport in Bihar which is connected with various cities across India. The [[Darbhanga Airport]] was built as civil enclave.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:90%;"
! style="width:15%;" |City served
! style="width:30%;" |Airport name
! style="width:10%;" |ICAO
! style="width:10%;" |IATA
! style="width:10%;" |Category
! style="width:10%;" |Role
|-
|[[Bihta]]
| style="background:ivory;" |[[Bihta Air Force Station]]
| align="center" |—
| align="center" |—
| style="background:#CEF2E0;" |Defence
|Air base
|-
|[[Bhagalpur]]
| style="background:ivory;" |[[Bhagalpur Airport]]
| align="center" |—
| align="center" |—
|Domestic
| style="background:#a0acb8;" |{{nowrap|No scheduled flights}}
|-
|[[Darbhanga]]
| style="background:#ffe6b7;" |[[Darbhanga Airport]]
| align="center" |VE89<ref>{{cite web|title=Darbhanga DBR India|url=https://www.world-airport-codes.com/india/darbhanga-83765.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014051955/https://www.world-airport-codes.com/india/darbhanga-83765.html|archive-date=14 October 2019|access-date=22 March 2019|website=World Airport Codes}}</ref>
| align="center" |DBR
| style="background:#2F847C;" |Domestic
|Civil enclave
|-
|[[Gaya, India|Gaya]]
| style="background:#ffe6b7;" |[[Gaya Airport]]
| align="center" |VEGY
| align="center" |GAY
| style="background:#E0CEF2;" |[[Customs Airport|Customs]]{{ref label|b|GAY}}
|Commercial
|-
|[[Jogbani]]
| style="background:ivory;" |[[Jogbani Airport]]
| align="center" |—
| align="center" |—
|Domestic
| style="background:#A0ACB8" |Closed
|-
|[[Munger]]
| style="background:ivory;" |[[Munger Airport]]
| align="center" |—
| align="center" |—
| style="background:;" |Domestic
| style="background:#A0ACB8;" |No scheduled flights
|-
|[[Muzaffarpur]]
| style="background:ivory;" |[[Muzaffarpur Airport]]
| align="center" |VEMZ
| align="center" |MZU
| style="background:;" |Domestic
| style="background:#A0ACB8;" |No scheduled flights
|-
|[[Patna]]
| style="background:#ffe6b7;" |[[Jay Prakash Narayan Airport]]
| align="center" |VEPT
| align="center" |PAT
| style="background:#E0CEF2;" |Customs{{ref label|c|PAT}}
|Commercial
|-
|[[Purnea]]
| style="background:#ffe6b7;" |[[Purnea Airport]]
| align="center" |VEPU<ref>{{cite web|title=Purnea on ch-aviation|url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/airports/VEPU|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209044111/https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/airports/VEPU|archive-date=9 December 2017|access-date=8 December 2017}}</ref>
| align="center" |PXN
| style="background:#2F847C;" |Domestic
|Civil enclave
|-
|[[Raxaul]]
| style="background:ivory;" |[[Raxaul Airport]]
| align="center" |VERL
| align="center" |—
|Domestic
| style="background:#A0ACB8" |Closed
|}

* {{note label|b|GAY}} The airport usually serves domestic flights only, but the city being a pilgrimage city, the airport operates seasonal flights to international destinations.
* {{note label|c|PAT}} The airport is classified as a restricted international airport due to its short runway and serves only domestic flights.

== See also ==
{{Portal|India}}
* [[Ministry of Transport (Bihar)]]
* [[Transport in India]]
* [[Indian Railways]]
* [[National highways of India]]
** [[List of national highways in India]]
* [[List of airports in India]]
* [[List of railway stations in India]]
* [[Bridges in Bihar]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Transport In Bihar}}
[[Category:Transport in Bihar| ]]

Super Michhua

2026-01-08T18:28:22Z

Ieagle: quick update

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Super Michhua
| image =
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| producer = Sitaram Agrawal
| director = [[Ashok Pati]]
| starring = [[Babushan]] [[Jhilik Bhattacharya|Jhilik]] [[Aparajita]] [[Minaketan]]
| music = [[Bikash Das]]
| distributor = [[Sarthak Production]]
| released = {{film date|df=y|2015|6|12}}
| country = India
| language = [[Odia language|Odia]]
| budget = 
| gross= 
}}

'''''Super Michhua''''' is a 2015 Indian [[Ollywood|Odia]]-language film, directed by Ashok Pati and produced by Sarthak Films.<ref name="odishamusic.in">{{Cite web|url=http://odishamusic.in/site_super_michhua_odia_movie_song.xhtml|title = All news - ELECTRIC REFLECTIVE VEST}}</ref> It stars [[Babushan]] and Jhilik Bhattacharjee in lead roles while Aparajita Mohanty and Minaketan play supporting roles.<ref name="odishamusic.in"/> A remake of the 2005 Tamil movie ''[[Priyasakhi]],'' it was released on [[Raja (festival)|Raja]] alongside ''[[Gapa Hele bi Sata]]'' and ''Love You Hamesha''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/odisha/movie-madness-marks-arrival-of-raja/cid/1467689|title=Movie madness marks arrival of Raja|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref> The film was a box office success.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sambadenglish.com/babusaan-the-box-office-favourite/|title=Babusaan: The Box office favourite | Sambad English|date=12 November 2015|work=[[Sambad|Sambad English]]}}</ref>

== Cast ==
*[[Babushan Mohanty|Babushan]]
*[[Aparajita Mohanty]]
*Jhilik Bhatacharjee

==Soundtrack==
# "Kemiti Kahibi Tate"
# "Super Micchua" (Title Song)
# "Kut Kut Dhana Lo"
# "Sunyata Ku Pachare Jebe"
# "Tu Mora Mandira"
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.odiahits.com/odia-film/super-michhua/|title=Super Michhua|last=|first=|date=2015|website=|publisher=OdiaHits.com|access-date=}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.entdiary.com/biography/jhilik-bhattacharjee.htm Jhilik Bhattacharjee Biography] @ EntDiary
* [http://www.fullodisha.com/super-michhua-upcoming-odia-movie-sarthak Super Michhua] @ Fullodisha
* [http://www.orissadiary.com/CurrentNews.asp?id=59635 Babusan starer Odia film Super Michua to hit theatre in Raja Festival] Super Michhua
*{{IMDb title|id=4773172}}
{{Ashok Pati}}

[[Category:2015 Indian films]]
[[Category:2010s Odia-language films]]
[[Category:Odia remakes of Tamil films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Ashok Pati]]

{{Odia-film-stub}}

Bhoomi Trivedi

2026-01-08T00:51:39Z

Ieagle: added stub.

{{short description|Indian singer (born 1988)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| image =
| caption =
| name = Bhoomi Trivedi
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Vadodara]], Gujarat, India
| native_name =
| genre = [[Filmi]]
| occupation = Singer
| instrument = Vocals
| years_active = 2012–present
}}
'''Bhoomi Trivedi''' is an Indian singer, known for her Hindi songs "[[Ram Chahe Leela]]" from ''[[Goliyon Ki Raasleela: Ram-Leela]]'' (2013), and ''Husn Parcham'' from ''[[Zero (2018 film)|Zero]]'' (2018), which resulted in her getting several awards and nominations for.

== Life and career ==
Trivedi hails from a musical family in [[Vadodara]] of [[Gujarat]].<ref name="performing">{{cite web|title=Performing live is very challenging: Bhoomi Trivedi |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Performing-live-is-very-challenging-Bhoomi-Trivedi/articleshow/36609055.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=16 June 2014|accessdate=1 November 2014}}</ref> She started to learn music while she was in 8th grade. Her father is a Railways employee who is fond of singing and her mother is a [[folk music|folk]] singer who has her own music group.<ref name="ram"/> Her elder sister is an engineer and a trained [[Bharata Natyam]] dancer.<ref name="bio">{{cite web|title=Bhumi Trivedi Bio |url=http://www.in.com/bhumi-trivedi/biography-1939489.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202012627/http://www.in.com/bhumi-trivedi/biography-1939489.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 December 2013|publisher=[[In.com]]|accessdate=1 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=With Carnival Raas Jalsa. Beautiful Blend of Culture Tradition Music and Masti!|url=https://orientpublication.wordpress.com/2014/09/25/carnival-raas-jalsa/|publisher=[[WordPress.com]]|date=24 September 2014|accessdate=1 November 2014}}</ref>

In 2007, Trivedi got selected from audition to perform in [[Indian Idol (Hindi TV series)|''Indian Idol 3'']], however quit the show as she was suffering from [[jaundice]]. The following year she was again auditioned to perform in [[Indian Idol (Hindi TV series)|''Indian Idol 4'']], but again had to quit the show since her aunt died because of breast cancer.<ref name="bio"/> She returned to the [[Indian Idol (Hindi TV series)|''Indian Idol 5'']] where she ends up the competition as the Runner-up.<ref>{{cite web|title=Contestants of Indian Idol 5|url=http://www.indianidol.org.in/contestants/contestants-of-indian-idol-5.htm|publisher=[[Indian idol]]|accessdate=1 November 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101213255/http://www.indianidol.org.in/contestants/contestants-of-indian-idol-5.htm|archivedate=1 November 2014}}</ref>

Trivedi, began her [[Bollywood]] career with 2012 film ''Prem Mayee'' with the song "Bahne Dey".<ref name="performing"/> However, she rose to fame with her rendition in [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]'s 2013 released film ''[[Goliyon Ki Raasleela: Ram-Leela]]'', where she lent her voice for the song [[Ram Chahe Leela]] which was picturized on [[Priyanka Chopra]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Bhoomi Trivedi: I wish to take one step at a time |url=http://www.radioandmusic.com/content/editorial/news/bhoomi-trivedi-i-wish-take-one-step-a-time|publisher=Radio And Music|date=26 September 2014|accessdate=1 November 2014}}</ref> She was initially approached to pen Gujarati lyrics and sing that bit for a song arranged by [[Shail Hada]] when she was told that Bhansali was looking for a different voice to sing a song for his next film.<ref name="ram">{{cite web|last=Sunayana|first=Suresh|title=I heard taunts from people for three years after Indian Idol: Bhoomi Trivedi |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/I-heard-taunts-from-people-for-three-years-after-Indian-Idol-Bhoomi-Trivedi/articleshow/24996206.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=1 November 2013|accessdate=1 November 2014}}</ref> The song was well received by the audience and critics, while reviewers praised Trivedi's rendition in the song.<ref>{{cite web|last=Vijayakar|first=Rajiv|title=Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-leela Critic Music Review |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/566872|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019193752/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/566872|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 October 2013|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|date=17 October 2013|accessdate=1 November 2014}}</ref> Other than Bollywood songs, she also had recorded for several [[Gujarati cinema|Gujarati films]] including the song '''Vaagyo Re Dhol''<nowiki/>' from the national award-winning film [[Hellaro]].<ref>{{cite web|title=We just have one last song left to shoot: JK |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/gujarati/movies/Sabandho-ni-Sonography-in-its-last-leg-of-shooting/articleshow/44076029.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=2 October 2014|accessdate=1 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Listen to Vaagyo Re Dhol Song by Bhoomi Trivedi on Gaana.com|url=https://gaana.com/song/vaagyo-re-dhol|access-date=28 January 2020}}</ref>

==Bollywood discography==
{| class="wikitable"
| style="background:#ffc;"|
| Denotes films that have not yet been released
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! Song
! Co-singer(s)
! Composer(s)
! Writer(s)
! Ref.
|-
| 2012 || scope="row"| ''[[Prem Mayee]]'' || "Bahne Dey"
|rowspan=2| Solo || colspan="2"| [[Abhishek Ray]] ||<ref>{{cite web |title=Bahne Dey song details | date=4 October 2012 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bahne-dey/id566688531?i=566688601|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222080915/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bahne-dey/id566688531?i=566688601|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes Store]]|accessdate=1 November 2014}}</ref>
|-
| 2013 || scope="row"| ''[[Goliyon Ki Raasleela: Ram-Leela]]'' || "[[Ram Chahe Leela]]" || Siddharth-Garima ||[[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]] ||<ref>{{cite web|title=Ram Chahe Leela song details|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ram-chahe-leela/id716058369?i=716059804|publisher=[[iTunes Store]]|accessdate=1 November 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141121152211/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ram-chahe-leela/id716058369?i=716059804|archivedate=21 November 2014}}</ref>
|-
|2015 ||scope="row"| ''[[Hero (2015 Hindi film)|Hero]]'' || "Dance Ke Legend" || [[Meet Bros]] || [[Meet Bros]] Anjjan || [[Kumaar]] ||<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kr5yCLpV6TQ | title=Dance Ke Legend VIDEO Song - Meet Bros | Hero | Sooraj Pancholi, Athiya Shetty | T-Series - YouTube | website=[[YouTube]] | date=13 August 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| 2016 || scope="row"| ''Janaan'' || "Shor Sharaba" || [[Shadab Faridi]] || Ahmed Ali || Fatima Najeeb ||<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsuqmUX0nNo | title=Janaan Full Album | Audio Jukebox | Armaan Malik, Shreya Ghoshal - YouTube | website=[[YouTube]] | date=5 August 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| 2017 || scope="row"| ''[[Raees (2017 film)|Raees]]'' || "Udi Udi Jaye" || [[Sukhwinder Singh]], Karsan Sagathia ||[[Ram Sampath]] || [[Javed Akhtar]] ||
|-
| rowspan="3" |2018 || scope="row"| ''[[Hope Aur Hum]]'' || "Hope Aur Hum" || [[Suraj Jagan]] || Rupert Fernandez || Sourabh Dikshit ||
|-
|scope="row"| ''[[Zero (2018 film)|Zero]]'' || "Husn Parcham" || [[Raja Kumari]] || [[Ajay–Atul]] || [[Irshad Kamil]] ||
|-
|When Obama Loved Osama
|"Muft Ki Mila Bas"
|[[Divya Kumar (singer)|Divya Kumar]]
|Kashi Richard
|Shweta Raj
|
|-
| 2019 || scope="row"| ''[[Cabaret (2019 film)|Cabaret]]'' || "Aakhri Shaam"
|rowspan=2|Solo || Kaustav Narayan Niyogi || ||
|-
| TBA || scope="row"| ''[[Hotel Beautifool]]'' || "Mann Samunder" || ||
|<ref>{{cite web | url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/bhoomi-trivedi-records-party-song-for-hotel-beautifool/ | title=Bhoomi Trivedi records party song for 'Hotel Beautifool' | date=7 April 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=3|2020
| rowspan=3|''[[Sab Kushal Mangal]]''
| "Na Duniya Mangi Hai"
| rowspan=2|Harshit Saxena
| rowspan=3|[[Harshit Saxena]]
| rowspan=3|[[Sameer Anjaan]]
|<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JNmbR9ynHxo | title=Na Duniya Mangi Hai, Sab Kushal Mangal, Priyaank S & Riva K, Harshit Saxena & Bhoomi Trivedi - Youtube | website=[[YouTube]] | date=6 December 2019 }}</ref>
|-
| "Naya Naya Love"
|<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0CFTGsvHLU | title=Naya Naya Love - Sab Kushal Mangal, Akshaye, Shriya, Priyaank & Yuvika, Bhoomi T & Harshit S - Youtube | website=[[YouTube]] | date=25 December 2019 }}</ref>
|-
| "Ishq Ne Mara Re"
| Hatshit Saxena, [[Swaroop Khan]]
|
|-
|rowspan=2|2022
|rowspan=2|''Regina''
|"Toot Toot"
|
|
|
|
|-
|"Apna Peeche"
|
|
|
|
|-
|rowspan=2|2023
|''[[I Love You (2023 film)|I Love You]]''
| "Salamat Rahe"
|Solo
|[[Clinton Cerejo]], Bianca Gomes
|[[Hussain Haidry]]
|
|-
|''[[Rocky Aur Rani Kii Prem Kahaani]]''
| "Dhindhora Baje Re"
|[[Darshan Raval]]
|[[Pritam]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Dhindhora Baje Re by Darshan Raval and Bhoomi Trivedi |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/rocky-aur-rani-kii-prem-kahaani-song-dhindhora-baje-re-alia-bhatt-ranveer-singh-101690175429288-amp.html}}</ref>
|-
|2025
|''[[Mere Husband Ki Biwi]]''
|"Channa Tu Bemisal"
|[[Jubin Nautiyal]]
|[[Tanishk Bagchi]]
|[[Mudassar Aziz]]
|
|}

==Marathi discography==
{| class="wikitable"
| style="background:#ffc;"|
| Denotes films that have not yet been released
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! Song
! Co-singer(s)
! Composer(s)
! Writer(s)
! Ref.
|-
|2015 || scope="row"| ''[[Carry On Maratha (2015 film)|Carry On Maratha]]'' || "Carry On Maratha – Title Track" || [[Aditya Narayan]] ||[[Shail Hada]]-Pritesh Mehta || Mangesh Kangane ||<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEBeQcReiRg | title=Carry on Maratha Title Track | Gashmeer Mahajani, Kashmira Kulkarni | Aditya Narayan, Bhoomi Trivedi - YouTube | website=[[YouTube]] | date=22 July 2015 }}</ref>
|}

==Bengali discography==
{| class="wikitable"
| style="background:#ffc;"|
| Denotes films that have not yet been released
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film/Album
! Song
! Co-singer(s)
! Composer(s)
! Writer(s)
! Ref.
|-
| 2019 || scope="row"| ''[[Oriplast Originals]]'' || "Nodi Bhora Dheu (নদী ভরা ঢেউ)" || Lakshman Das (Baul) || Kinjal-SamB || Bhoba Pagla (Nodi Bhora Dheu), SamB (extended lyrics) ||
|-
|}

==Gujarati discography==
{| class="wikitable"
| style="background:#ffc;"|
| Denotes films that have not yet been released
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film/Album
! Song
! Co-singer(s)
! Composer(s)
! Writer(s)
! Ref
|-
|2016
|Mad For Each Other
|Madi No Garbo
|Sahil Shivram
|Navin Shivram
|Ashok Bhujak
|
|-
|2017
|''[[Armaan: Story of a Storyteller]]''
| Aa Duniya Ma
|
| Samir-Mana
|D-Kay
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2018
| rowspan="2" |Satti Par Saato
|Bol Bilaadi Bol
|[[Raja Hasan]]
| rowspan="2" |Ambika-Prateek
| rowspan="2" |Dilip Rawal
|
|-
|Laado Chor
|
|
|-
|''[[Chhutti Jashe Chhakka]]''
|Color Color Which Color
|[[Divya Kumar (singer)|Divya Kumar]], Bhargav Purohit
|Kedar-Bhargav
|Bhargav Purohit
|
|-
| rowspan="4"|2019 || rowspan="2"|''[[Chaal Jeevi Laiye!]]'' || "Ghanu Jeevo" || rowspan="2"|[[Keerthi Sagathia]], Various Artists || rowspan="2"|[[Sachin–Jigar]] || rowspan="2"|[[Niren Bhatt]] ||
|-
| "Ghanu Jeevo Reprise" ||
|-
| ''[[47 Dhansukh Bhawan]]'' ||"Shu Thai Che?"|| Solo||[[Shuchita Vyas]]||Jay Bhatt||
|-
| ''[[Hellaro]]'' ||"Vagyo Re Dhol"|| Solo||Mehul Surti ||[[Saumya Joshi]]||
|-
|2022
|''[[Kehvatlal Parivar]]''
|"Holi Aavi Aavi"
|[[Divya Kumar (singer)|Divya Kumar]], Madhubanti Bagchi, Tanishka Sanghvi, Hariom Gadhvi
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]
|Bhargav Purohit
|-
|2022
|''[[Jaysuk Zdpayo]]''
|"Naughty Naughty"
|Solo
|Kashyap Sompura
|Medha Antani
|-
|2022
|''[[Hoon Tari Heer]]''
|"Saathi Male Na Male"
|Sairam Dave
|Rahul Munjariya
|Nandan Purohit
|-
|2022
|''[[Aum Mangalam Singlem]]''
|"Latko"
|Solo
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]
|[[Niren Bhatt]]
|-
|2023
|''[[Kutch Express (film)]]''
|"Ude Re Gulal"
|[[Keerthi Sagathia]]
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]
|Sneha Desai
|-
|2023
|''Hello''
|"Chahera Pacchal Chahero"
|solo
|Birju Kantharia
|Vinni Patel
|
|}

== Awards ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|-
! width=5%|Year
! width=25%|Category
! width=25%|Nominated Song
! width=29%|Film
! width=15%|Result
! width=1%|Ref
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center; background:#ddd; "| '''[[International Indian Film Academy Awards]]'''
|-
| Top music Awards|2023
| "Most favourite Independent Song
| "Pritam Pardesi""
|-
|-
| GIFA 2022 Awards|2022
| "Most For best Singer"
| saathi Male" from the film 'Hoon Tari Heer""
|-
| 2014
| [[IIFA Award for Best Female Playback|Best Female Playback Singer]]
| "[[Ram Chahe Leela]]"
| ''[[Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela]]''
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite news|title=IIFA 2014 Winners|url=https://www.iifa.com/winners-2014/|publisher=IIFA|accessdate=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625100134/http://iifa.com/winners-2014/|archive-date=25 June 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center; background:#ddd; "| '''[[Zee Cine Awards]]'''
|-
| 2014
| [[Zee Cine Award for Best Playback Singer – Female|Best Female Playback Singer]]
| "Ram Chahe Leela"
| ''Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela''
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Zee Cine 2014 Nominees|url=https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/zee-cine-awards-2014/zee-cine-awards-2014-winner-s-list_151176.html|publisher=ZeeNews|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center; background:#ddd; "| '''[[Star Guild Awards]]'''
|-
| 2014
| [[Star Guild Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Female Playback Singer]]
| "Ram Chahe Leela"
| ''Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela''
| {{won}}
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Winners of 9th Renault Star Guild Awards|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/6035/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119200133/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/6035|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 January 2014|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center; background:#ddd; "| '''[[BIG Star Entertainment Awards]]'''
|-
| 2013
| Most Entertaining Female Singer
| "Ram Chahe Leela"
| ''Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela''
| {{won}}
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Winners of Big Star Entertainment Awards 2013|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5920|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131222014730/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5920|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 December 2013|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center; background:#ddd; "| '''[[Mirchi Music Awards]]'''
|-
| [[6th Mirchi Music Awards|2013]]
| Upcoming Female Vocalist of the Year
| "Ram Chahe Leela"
| ''Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela''
| {{won}}
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Mirchi Music Awards 2014 Winners|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Mirchi-Music-Awards-2013-Winners-List/articleshow/31149918.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center; background:#ddd; "| '''[[Global Indian Music Academy Awards]] ([[GiMA Awards]]) '''
|-
| 2014
| Best Playback Singer − Female
| "Ram Chahe Leela"
| ''Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela''
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite news|title=GiMA Awards 2014 Winners|url=http://www.gima.co.in/2014_film_winners.php|publisher=gima.co.in|accessdate=4 September 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714110156/http://www.gima.co.in/2014_film_winners.php|archivedate=14 July 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|4042348}}
* {{Website|https://www.thebhoomitrivedi.com}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Trivedi, Bhoomi}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Hindi-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Indian women playback singers]]
[[Category:People from Vadodara]]
[[Category:1984 births]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Singers from Gujarat]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:Indian Idol participants]]

Moin Ahsan Jazbi

2026-01-05T08:48:43Z

Ieagle: created the pg from scratch

{{Short description|Indian poet}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = Dr.
| name = Moin Ahsan Jazbi
| image = Poet Moin Ahsan Jazbi (cropped).jpg
| native_name = معین احسن جذبی
| native_name_lang = ur
| birth_name = Moin Ahsan
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1912|08|21}}
| birth_place = [[Mubarakpur, Azamgarh]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2005|02|13|1912|08|21}}
| death_place = [[Lucknow]], Uttar Pradesh
| education = Bachelor of Arts ([[Zakir Husain Delhi College]]) Master of Arts ([[Aligarh Muslim University]]) PhD ([[Aligarh Muslim University]])
| organization = [[Progressive Writers Movement]]
| notable_works = ''Firozaan, Sukhan-e-Mukhtasar, Gudaaz-e-Shab, Hali Ka Siyasi Shaoor''
| awards = [[Ghalib Award]] (1975)
| signature = Moin Ahsan Jazbi Autograph.jpg
}}
'''Moin Ahsan Jazbi''' (21 August 1912 – 13 February 2005) was an Indian poet and writer. He was a member of Progressive Writers Movement.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-04-07 |title=Poet Moin Ahsan Jazbi is remembered as pride of Urdu poetry: AMU VC |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/poet-moin-ahsan-jazbi-is-remembered-as-pride-of-urdu-poetry-amu-vc/articleshow/60310979.cms |access-date=2024-12-10 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> He was a contemporary of [[Ale Ahmad Suroor|Ale Ahmed Suroor]], [[Jan Nisar Akhtar]], [[Abdul Qavi Desnavi]], [[Sahir Ludhianvi]], [[Majrooh Sultanpuri]] and close friend of [[Majaz|Asrarul Haq Majaz]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Immortal Couplets of Moin Ahsan Jazbi: Famed Urdu Poet's Life and Poetry |url=http://www.anindianmuslim.com/2007/12/immortal-couplets-of-moin-ahsan-jazbi.html |access-date=2024-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Jalil |first=Rakhshanda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyn9EAAAQBAJ |title=Love in the Time of Hate: In the Mirror of Urdu |date=2024-05-14 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-81-970426-9-0 |language=en}}</ref> He served as a teacher and reader of Urdu at [[Aligarh Muslim University]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=دنیا سخن- دنیا میگزین |url=https://mag.dunya.com.pk/index.php/duny-e-sukhan/5336/2023-09-10 |access-date=2024-12-10 |website=Dunya Magazine}}</ref>

He started reading poetry of Mirza Ghalib at very young age and started to write at the age of 9. At the age of 19, he wrote a Ghazal which introduced him with other Poets of contemporary time.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |title=Moin Ahsan Jazbi |url=http://mulosige.soas.ac.uk/moin-ahsan-jazbi/#:~:text=1912%20%E2%80%93%202005,Hasan%20(1916-86). |access-date=2024-12-10 |website=Mulosige |language=en-GB}}</ref> Some of his known works are ''Firozaan'', ''Sukhan-e-Mukhtasar'', ''Gudaaz-e-Shab'' and ''Hali Ka Siyasi Shaoor''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kanda |first=K. C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v6eA4vjTOXsC |title=Masterpieces of Patriotic Urdu Poetry: Text, Translation, and Transliteration |date=2005-01-01 |publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd |isbn=978-81-207-2893-6 |pages=55–60 |language=ur}}</ref> He was awarded with [[Ghalib Award]] in 1975 for poetry along with Qazi Abdul Wadood for research and Mohammad Hasan for Drama.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-_oXYwUIfFsC&q=moin%20ahsan%20jazbi |title=Volume 13, Issues 1-24 |publisher=[[Indian and Foreign Review]] |year=1975 |location=Delhi |pages=10 |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Moin Ahsan Jazbi was born as Moin Ahsan to Ahsanul Ghafoor at Mubarakpur, Azamgarh district.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TPs2AAAAIAAJ |title=ʻAṣrī adab |date=1982 |publisher=Idārah Taṣnīf. |pages=14 |language=ur}}</ref> His ancestors originally belonged to Meerut, his great-grandfather Maulvi Hamza Ali was a scholar who shifted to Danapur, Patna during first Indian Independence movement, when Dr. Abdul Ghafoor, grandfather of Jazbi was only 5 years old.{{Sfn|Sadaf|2017|p=13}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sandīlvī |first=Shujāʻat ʻAlī |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V6NHAAAAMAAJ&q=%D9%85%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%86+%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86+%D8%AC%D8%B0%D8%A8%DB%8C |title=تعارف تاريخ ٱردو |date=1962 |publisher=ادارۀ فروغ ٱردو، |pages=237–241 |language=ur}}</ref>

He completed his Bachelor of Arts from Anglo-Arabic College, Delhi (now known as [[Zakir Husain Delhi College]]) in 1932 and Master of Arts from Aligarh Muslim University in 1934.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
After completion of his education, he started his career as a teacher at Aligarh Muslim University. After serving as a teacher he turned into Journalism and became an editorial staff of ''Aaj Kal'', a monthly magazine published by Publication Division, Delhi. He came back to Aligarh and pursued Doctor of Philosophy from Aligarh Muslim University and got his degree after submitting his thesis with the title ''Hali Ka Siyasai Shaoor'', a research thesis on Political views and works of [[Altaf Hussain Hali|Khwaja Altaf Hussain Hali]].<ref name=":0" />

Later he joined the Department of Urdu of Aligarh Muslim University in 1945 and retired as Reader in Urdu in 1974.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ڈیسک |first=ویب |date=2024-07-08 |title=معین احسن جذبی اور روکھی روٹی |trans-title=Moeen Ahsan Jazbi and Rokhi Roti |url=https://urdu.arynews.tv/urdu-poet-moin-ahsan-jazbi/ |access-date=2024-12-10 |website=ARYNews.tv {{!}} Urdu - Har Lamha Bakhabar |language=ur}}</ref>
== Scholarly works ==
*{{Cite book |last=Jazbi |first=Moin Ahsan |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/farozan-moin-ahsan-jazbi-ebooks-1 |title=Farozan |publisher=Maktaba Urdu |year=1943 |edition=1st |location=Lahore |language=ur|ref=none}}
*{{Cite book |last=Jazbi |first=Moin Ahsan |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/hali-ka-siyasi-shuoor-moin-ahsan-jazbi-ebooks |title=Hali Ka Siyasi Shuoor |publisher=Sarfaraz Qaumi Press |year=1959 |edition=1st |location=Lucknow |language=ur|ref=none}}}
*{{Cite book |last=Jazbi |first=Moin Ahsan |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/sukhan-e-mukhtasar-moin-ahsan-jazbi-ebooks |title=Sukhan-e-Mukhtasar |publisher=Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu (Hind) |year=1960 |edition=1st |location=Aligarh |language=ur|ref=none}}}
*{{Cite book |last=Jazbi |first=Moin Ahsan |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/gudaz-e-shab-moin-ahsan-jazbi-ebooks |title=Gudaz-e-Shab |publisher=Maktaba Jamia Limited |year=1985 |location=New Delhi |language=ur|ref=none}}}
*{{Cite book |last=Jazbi |first=Moin Ahsan |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/mazamin-e-jazbi-zafarul-islam-ebooks |title=Mazameen-e-Jazbi |publisher=Educational Publishing House |year=2022 |editor-last=Islam |editor-first=Zafarul |location=Delhi |language=ur|ref=none}}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===

* {{Cite book |last=Sadaf |first=Mushtaque |title=Makers of Indian Literature- Moin Ahsan Jazbi |publisher=[[Sahitya Akademi]] |year=2017 |isbn=9788126052370 |location=Delhi |language=en |translator-last=Khan |translator-first=A. Naseeb}}

===Further reading===
* {{Cite book |last=Khan |first=Nasreen Rais |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/jazbi-ki-shairi-ka-tanqeedi-mutala-nasreen-rais-khan-ebooks |title=Jazbi Ki Shairi Ka Tanqeedi Mutala |publisher=Nasreen Rais Khan |year=1993 |language=ur}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Farooqi |first=Mahboobur Rahman |year=1994 |title=Jazbi Number |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/aaj-kal-shumara-number-001-mahboobur-rahman-farooqi-magazines |journal=Aaj Kal, Delhi |publisher=Publication Division |publication-place=Delhi |volume=53 |issue=1 |via=[[Rekhta (website)|Rekhta]]}}
* {{Cite book |last=Mahuli |first=Shahid |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/moeen-ahsan-jazbi-shayar-aur-danishwar-ebooks |title=Moin Ahsan Jazbi Shayar Aur Danishwar |publisher=Ghalib Institute |year=2000 |location=New Delhi |language=ur}}
* {{Cite book |last=Sadaf |first=Mushtaque |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/jazbi-shanasi-mushtaq-sadaf-ebooks |title=Jazbi Shanasi |publisher=Mushtaque Sadaf |year=2002 |language=ur}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Alam |first=Aftab |year=2004 |title=Moin Ahsan Jazbi Wa As'ad Badayuni Number |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/aligarh-magazine-moin-ahsan-jazbi-wa-as-ad-badayuni-number-aftab-alam-magazines-5 |journal=Aligarh Magazine |location=Aligarh |publisher=[[Aligarh Muslim University]]}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Siddiqi |first=Qamar |title=Moin Ahsan Jazbi Number |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/urdu-channel-shumara-number-001-qamar-siddiqi-magazines |journal=Urdu Channel |volume=June |issue=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Saimuddin |first=Siddiqui |title=Mutala e Moin Ahsan Jazbi |publisher=Educational Publishing House |year=2017 |isbn=978-93-86486-53-0 |location=Delhi |language=ur}}
* {{Cite thesis |last=Ahmad |first=Musheer |title=اکائی 14 - معین احسن جزبی کی غزل گوئی اور متن کی تدریس و تفہیم |publisher=[[Indira Gandhi National Open University]] |url=https://egyankosh.ac.in/handle/123456789/93732}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.rekhta.org/poets/moin-ahsan-jazbi/profile Moin Ahsan Jazbi] on [[Rekhta (website)|Rekhta]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jazbi, Moin Ahsan}}
[[Category:1912 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]
[[Category:Writers from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Aligarh Muslim University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Azamgarh district]]
[[Category:People from Lucknow district]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Aligarh Muslim University]]
[[Category:Urdu-language poets]]

Suresh Pillai

2026-01-01T00:58:26Z

Ieagle: Creating The Post More To Come

{{short description|Indian chef and restaurateur}}
{{pp-sock|small=yes}}
{{Undisclosed paid|date=April 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox chef
| image = Suresh_Pillai.jpg
| name = Suresh Pillai
| birth_name = Suresh Sasidharan Pillai
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Chavara Thekkumbhagom|Thekkumbhagom]], [[Kollam district, Kerala|Kollam, Kerala]]<ref name="heritage"/>
| citizenship = British
| spouse = Remya Suresh
| children = 2
| style = [[Cuisine of Kerala|Kerala cuisine]]
| restaurants = {{plainlist|
* Restaurant Chef Pillai
* [[The Raviz]]
}}
| prevrests = 
| television = ''[[MasterChef: The Professionals]]''
| website = {{URL|https://chefpillai.com}}
}}

'''Suresh Pillai''' is an Indian-born British chef and [[restaurateur]]. He worked as [[chef de partie]], [[sous-chef]], and [[chef de cuisine]] at various restaurants in [[London]] for 14 years, including [[Veeraswamy]] and Gymkhana. He holds British citizenship. In 2017, he contested in the British reality TV show ''[[MasterChef: The Professionals]]'' on [[BBC Two]]. He returned to India to become the corporate chef and culinary director of [[The Raviz]]. He also started his own [[restaurant chain]] branded Restaurant Chef Pillai.

==Early life==
Suresh Pillai was born in [[Chavara Thekkumbhagom|Thekkumbhagom]], [[Kollam district, Kerala|Kollam, Kerala]]<ref name="heritage">{{Cite news |last=Nagarajan |first=Saraswathy |date=2024-01-18 |title=Chef Suresh Pillai calls for an academy to promote, popularise and preserve Kerala’s culinary heritage |url=https://www.thehindu.com/food/features/chef-suresh-pillai-calls-for-an-academy-to-promote-popularise-and-preserve-keralas-culinary-heritage/article67729736.ece |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240122014313/https://www.thehindu.com/food/features/chef-suresh-pillai-calls-for-an-academy-to-promote-popularise-and-preserve-keralas-culinary-heritage/article67729736.ece |archive-date=22 January 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> to Sasidharan Pillai and Radhamma who were coir labourers. He completed his schooling from GPHSS, [[Chavara|Chavara South]]. He was a [[chess]] player, and participated at the state and national level.
He was the under-18 champion of Kollam district.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=Suresh Pillai on his experiments with food |url=https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/food/chef-suresh-pillais-journey-with-food/article23391778.ece |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=March 30, 2018 |author=Saraswathy Nagarajan |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122130309/https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/food/chef-suresh-pillais-journey-with-food/article23391778.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="insider">{{cite news |title=Chef Pillai and his Michelin Star Journey |url=http://www.keralainsider.com/chef-pillai-kollam/ |work=Kerala Insider |date=January 15, 2020 |author=Amia Mariam |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=11 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711031557/http://www.keralainsider.com/chef-pillai-kollam/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="onmanorama">{{cite web| url=https://www.onmanorama.com/food/features/2021/06/02/chef-suresh-pillai-recipe-for-success.html| title=How chef Suresh Pillai scripted the master recipe for success| author=Russell Shahul| date=2 June 2021| access-date=6 July 2022| website=onmanorama.com| archive-date=6 July 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706093358/https://www.onmanorama.com/food/features/2021/06/02/chef-suresh-pillai-recipe-for-success.html| url-status=live}}</ref>

==Career==
Suresh started his career in 1993 at the age of 17 as waiter at a restaurant Chef King in [[Kollam]], Kerala after his high school education. He assisted the chef part-time, and later joined the kitchen where he learnt basic cooking skills. Three years later he moved to Casino Hotel in [[Calicut]] (now Kozhikode), where he learnt [[Thalassery cuisine#Malabar cuisine|Malabar cuisine]]. Four years later, in 1998 he moved to Coconut Grove, [[Bangalore]]. He worked for six years and was promoted to head chef. He learnt cooking in [[South Indian cuisine]]s such as [[Coorgi]], [[Chettinad cuisine|Chettinad]] and [[Konkani cuisine|Konkani]]. He then joined his first [[five star hotel]] [[The Leela Palaces, Hotels and Resorts|The Leela Palace]] at Bangalore, at the starting position of management trainee, as without a culinary degree the position didn't consider his previous experience.<ref name="onmanorama"/>

In 2005, he joined the [[Veeraswamy]] restaurant at [[London]].<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Chef Suresh Pillai's #CookForKerala aims to raise funds for the flood-affected. |url=https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/food/chef-suresh-pillais-cookforkerala-aims-to-raise-funds-for-the-flood-affected/article24759569.ece |work=[[The New Indian Express]] |date=September 10, 2018 |author=Harikumar J. S. |access-date=23 September 2020 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001223347/https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/food/chef-suresh-pillais-cookforkerala-aims-to-raise-funds-for-the-flood-affected/article24759569.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He then joined as [[sous-chef]] at Purple Poppadom in [[Cardiff]] and later as [[head chef]] at Cinnamon Culture in London and again as sous-chef at Gymkhana and later as head chef at Darbaar Restaurant and later at Hoppers. He became the corporate chef and Culinary Director at [[The Raviz Hotel, Kollam]].<ref name="onmanorama"/> He has been a guest lecturer and guest chef at [[University of the Bahamas]] in its Culinary and Hospitality Management Institute.<ref>{{cite news |title=Beyond the pan, within the kitchen. |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/food/2018/sep/09/beyond-the-pan-within-the-kitchen-1869780.html |work=[[The New Indian Express]] |date=September 10, 2018 |author=Deena Theresa |access-date=23 September 2020 |archive-date=2 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202094329/https://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/food/2018/sep/09/beyond-the-pan-within-the-kitchen-1869780.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2021, he started his own restaurant branded Restaurant Chef Pillai in [[Bangalore]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Fresh Fare. |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/food/2019/jun/16/fresh-fare-1989386.html |work=[[The New Indian Express]] |date=June 16, 2019 |author=Shevlin Sebastian |access-date=23 September 2020 |archive-date=17 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617134509/http://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/food/2019/jun/16/fresh-fare-1989386.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and another one in 2022 at hotel [[Le Meridien]], [[Kochi]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.asianetnews.com/kerala-news/chef-suresh-pillai-starts-new-restaurant-in-le-meridien-hotel-rchrdb| script-title=ml:സ്വപ്ന സാഫല്യം; ലെ മെറഡിയൻ ഹോട്ടലിൽ പുതിയ സംരഭവുമായി ഷെഫ് സുരേഷ് പിള്ള| date=26 May 2022| access-date=6 July 2022| work=Asianet News| language=ml| archive-date=6 July 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706084359/https://www.asianetnews.com/kerala-news/chef-suresh-pillai-starts-new-restaurant-in-le-meridien-hotel-rchrdb| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.marriott.com/en-us/hotels/cokmd-le-meridien-kochi/dining/| title=At This Hotel {{!}} Restaurant Chef Pillai| access-date=6 July 2022| website=marriott.com| archive-date=6 July 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706084359/https://www.marriott.com/en-us/hotels/cokmd-le-meridien-kochi/dining/| url-status=live}}</ref>

==In the media==
In 2017, he contested in the British reality TV show ''[[MasterChef: The Professionals]]'' (series 10) on [[BBC Two]]. He prepared a [[soufflé]] in the first round and a traditional [[Kerala]] fish curry and a twist of [[mashed potato]] and [[pachadi]] in the second round.<ref name=ft>{{cite news|title=A Masterchef from Kerala|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/food-and-recipes/261117/a-masterchef-from-kerala.html|date=26 November 2017|access-date=September 21, 2020|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|author=Deepthi Sreenivasan|archive-date=25 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025181426/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/food-and-recipes/261117/a-masterchef-from-kerala.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2021, he made a [[guest appearance]] in the [[Malayalam]] TV serial ''[[Mounaragam (Malayalam TV series)|Mounaragam]]'' in the role of a cookery show judge.<ref>{{cite news |script-title=ml:ഇനിയൊന്ന് അഭിനയത്തിൽ പയറ്റാം; ഷെഫ് സുരേഷ് പിള്ള സീരിയലിലേക്ക് |url=https://malayalam.indianexpress.com/television/bbc-master-chef-suresh-pillai-serial-acting-mounaragam-538641/ |access-date=3 August 2022 |newspaper=[[Indian Express Malayalam]] |date=31 July 2021 |language=ml |archive-date=18 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918135602/https://malayalam.indianexpress.com/television/bbc-master-chef-suresh-pillai-serial-acting-mounaragam-538641/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2022, he contested in the [[game show]] ''Flowers Oru Kodi'' hosted by [[Sreekandan Nair]] on [[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers]]. That year, he also joined the [[cooking show|cooking game show]] ''Kutti Kalavara Seniors'' on Flowers as a judge. He also made his film debut in 2022 with a guest appearance as himself in the Malayalam film ''[[Cheena Trophy]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Chef Suresh Pillai to debut in Mollywood with this Dhyan Sreenivasan entertainer |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2022/07/02/chef-suresh-pillai-debut-mollywood.html |access-date=3 August 2022 |work=[[Onmanorama]] |date=2 July 2022 |archive-date=3 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803141040/https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2022/07/02/chef-suresh-pillai-debut-mollywood.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He had a role in the film [[Neru (film)|''Neru'']] directed by [[Jeethu Joseph]] in 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://malayalam.indiatoday.in/cinema/story/chef-suresh-pillai-to-act-with-mohanlal-in-neru-movie-of-jeethu-joseph-637168-2023-08-20 |title=ആ മോഹവും പൂവണിഞ്ഞു; മോഹൻലാൽ ചിത്രം 'നേരി' ഷെഫ് പിള്ളയും |author=ഇന്ത്യാ ടുഡേ മലയാളം എന്റർടൈൻമെന്റ് ഡെസ്ക് |date=20 August 2023 |access-date=26 December 2023 |website=indiatoday.in |language=ml |archive-date=26 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226151425/https://malayalam.indiatoday.in/cinema/story/chef-suresh-pillai-to-act-with-mohanlal-in-neru-movie-of-jeethu-joseph-637168-2023-08-20 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Personal life==
In mid-2005, he was living in London and received British citizenship.<ref name="onmanorama"/> He is married to Remya Suresh and they have two children. He moved to India with his family in 2020.<ref name="insider"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}
*

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pillai, Suresh}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian chefs]]
[[Category:People from Kollam district]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

List of Bal Sahitya Puraskar winners for Bengali

2025-12-16T18:19:48Z

Ieagle: created the bio v1 - done

{{Short description|Winners of a literary honour in India}}
{{Sahitya Akademi Awards}}
'''Bal Sahitya Puraskar''' is given each year to writers for their outstanding works in the 24 languages, since 2010.

== Recipients ==
Following is the list of recipients of [[Bal Sahitya Puraskar]] for their works written in [[Bengali language|Bengali]]. The award comprises a cash prize of [[Indian rupee|Rs]]. 50,000 and an engraved copper plaque.<ref name="the quint">{{cite web |title=Sahitya Akademi announces Bal, Yuva Puraskar for 2018 |url=https://www.thequint.com/hotwire-text/sahitya-akademi-announces-bal-yuva-puraskar-for-2018 |website=www.thequint.com |date=2018-06-22 |access-date=1 December 2022}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Author
! Work
! Genre
! class="unsortable" |References
|-
| 2010 || Saral Dey || Total Contribution to Children's Literature || ||
|-
| 2011 || Sailen Ghose || Total Contribution to Children's Literature || ||
|-
| 2012 || Balaram Basak|| ''Bhaluker Dolna'' || Short Stories||
|-
| 2013 || Narayan Debnath|| ''Comics Samagra-Vol. 1&2''|| Short Stories || <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/e-newsletter/October-December_2013_Newsletter.pdf |title=Fourth Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar for 2013 were presented to twenty four writers in Indian languages recognised by the Akademi in a grand function held on 15 November 2013 at Goa State Museum Auditorium, Panaji, Goa |access-date=29 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
| 2014 || Gouri Dharmapal || Total Contribution to Children's Literature || || <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/sahitya-akademi/e-newsletter/Nov-Dec_2014_NewsLetter.pdf |title=Bal Sahitya Puraskar November 2014, Awards Presentation Ceremony |access-date=6 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714091455/http://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/sahitya-akademi/e-newsletter/Nov-Dec_2014_NewsLetter.pdf |archive-date=14 July 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| 2015 || Kartik Ghosh || Total Contribution to Children's Literature || || <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/e-newsletter/sep-dec_2015_NewsLetter.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Newsletter|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=|archive-date=|page=4-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Sahitya Akademi announced Bal Sahitya Puraskar for the year 2015 |url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/sahitya-akademi-announced-bal-sahitya-puraskar-for-the-year-2015-1435216949-1 |website=www.jagranjosh.com |access-date=13 December 2022}}</ref>
|-
| 2016 || Amarendra Chakravorty || ''Gorillar Chokh'' || Novel||
|-
| 2017 || Shashthipada Chattopadhyay || Total Contribution to Children's Literature || ||
|-
| 2018 || Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay || Total Contribution to Children's Literature || || <ref name="the quint"/>
|-
| 2019 || Nabaneeta Dev Sen || Total Contribution to Children's Literature || ||
|-
| 2020 || Pracheta Gupta|| ''Gopon Bakso Khulte Nei'' || Short Stories||
|-
| 2021 || Sunirmal Chakraborty|| ''Batakesto Babur Chhata'' || Short Stories||
|-
| 2022 || Joya Mitra|| ''Char Panch Jon Bondhu'' || Short Stories || <ref>{{cite news |title=मराठी भाषेसाठी बाल साहित्य पुरस्कार |url=https://www.adda247.com/mr/jobs/bal-sahitya-puraskar-2022/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |work=www.adda247.com |date=3 September 2022}}</ref>
|-
| 2023 || Shyamal Kanti Das || ''Eroplaner Khata'' || Novel || <ref>{{cite web |title=Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar 2023 |url=https://www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_BSP-2023.pdf |website=sahitya-akademi.gov.in |access-date=29 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
| 2024 || [[Dipanwita Roy]] || ''Mahidadur Antidote'' || Novel ||<ref>{{cite news |title=Sahitya Akademi announces Yuva Puraskar, Bal Sahitya Puraskar winners for 2024 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sahitya-akademi-announces-yuva-puraskar-bal-sahitya-puraskar-winners-for-2024/article68293703.ece |access-date=15 June 2024 |publisher=www.thehindu.com |date=15 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Sahitya Akademi announces Yuva Puraskar, Bal Sahitya Puraskar winners for 2024 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/sahitya-akademi-announces-yuva-puraskar-bal-sahitya-puraskar-winners-for-2024/articleshow/111018778.cms |access-date=15 June 2024 |publisher=economictimes.indiatimes.com |date=15 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Sahitya Akademi announces Yuva Puraskar, Bal Sahitya Puraskar winners for 2024 |url=https://theprint.in/india/sahitya-akademi-announces-yuva-puraskar-bal-sahitya-puraskar-winners-for-2024/2132795/ |access-date=15 June 2024 |publisher=theprint.in |date=15 June 2024}}</ref>
|-
| 2025 || [[Tridib Kumar Chattopadhyay]] || ''Ekhono Gaye Kanta Daye'' || Stories || <ref>{{cite web |title=Bal Sahitya Puraskar 2025 |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2138824 |website=pib.gov.in |access-date=28 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sahitya Akademi 2025: Yuva, Bal Sahitya Puraskar Winners Announced |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/sahitya-akademi-announces-bal-sahitya-yuva-puraskar-for-2025-3591773 |access-date=28 October 2025 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Arora |first1=Sumit |title=Bal Sahitya Puraskar 2025 Winners Announced |url=https://currentaffairs.adda247.com/bal-sahitya-puraskar-2025-winners-announced-complete-list-of-24-award-recipients/ |access-date=28 October 2025 |agency=Adda 24x7 Current Affairs |date=19 June 2025}}</ref>
|-
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Bengali]]

== References ==
{{Portal|India|Literature}}

{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
* [http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/bal%20sahitya%20samman_suchi.jsp Bal Sahitya Puraskar-Sahitya Akademi India - Official Website]

[[Category:Bal Sahitya Puraskar by language]]
[[Category:Indian literary awards]]
[[Category:Literary awards by language]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian award winners]]

Hemiphyllodactylus goaensis

2025-12-16T04:00:56Z

Ieagle: starting a entry - done

{{Short description|Species of lizard}}
{{Speciesbox
| status =
| genus = Hemiphyllodactylus
| species = goaensis
| authority = Khandekar, Parmar, N Sawant, & Agarwal, 2021
| synonyms =
}}

'''''Hemiphyllodactylus goaensis''''', the '''Goan slender gecko''', is a species of [[gecko]]. It is [[endemic]] to [[India]].<ref name=RDB>{{NRDB species|genus=Hemiphyllodactylus|species=goaensis}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q110127902}}

[[Category:Hemiphyllodactylus]]
[[Category:Reptiles described in 2021]]
[[Category:Endemic reptiles of India]]
{{Gekkonidae-stub}}

St. Anne's Church, Chennai

2025-12-02T00:43:34Z

Ieagle: Made redirect

#REDIRECT [[List of churches in Chennai]]

{{Rcat shell|
{{R to related topic}}
}}

Brahmanagudem

2025-11-21T03:40:15Z

Ieagle: minor edit

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Brahmanagudem
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = te
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Village]]
| image =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|16|55|39|N|81|40|25|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[East Godavari district|East Godavari]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate = AP
| website =
| footnotes =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 14
}}

[[File:Brahmanagudem_z.p.school.jpg | thumb | right | Brahmanagudem Zilla Praja School]]
'''Brahmanagudem''' is a village in [[East Godavari district]] of the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It is located in [[Chagallu, West Godavari district|Chagallu]] [[mandal]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Mandal wise villages |url=http://apland.ap.nic.in/cclaweb/Districts_Alphabetical/westgodavari.pdf |website=Revenue Department - AP Land |publisher=National Informatics Center |accessdate=20 November 2014 |page=2 |format=PDF |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208134347/http://apland.ap.nic.in/cclaweb/Districts_Alphabetical/westgodavari.pdf |archivedate=8 February 2015 }}</ref> Brahmanagudem (BMGM) has its own railway station.

== Demographics ==

{{As of|2011}} [[Census of India]], Brahmanagudem had a population of 5499. The total population constitute, 2742 males and 2757 females with a sex ratio of 1005 females per 1000 males. 536 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, with sex ratio of 881. The average literacy rate stands at 75.78%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/588291-brahmanagudem-andhra-pradesh.html|title=Brahmanagudem Population Census|accessdate=17 May 2017}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in West Godavari district]]

{{WestGodavari-geo-stub}}

1985–86 Santosh Trophy

2025-10-24T11:05:11Z

Ieagle: added details.

{{Infobox football tournament season
| title = Santosh Trophy
| year = 1985–86
| other_titles = National Football Championship
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| country = India
| num_teams = 28
| winners = [[Punjab football team (India)|Punjab]]
| count = 5
| second = [[West Bengal football team|Bengal]]
| matches =
| goals =
| attendance =
| scoring_leader =
| dates = 26 February 1986 - 18 March 1986
| prev_season = [[1984–85 Santosh Trophy|1984–85]]
| next_season = [[1986–87 Santosh Trophy|1986–87]]
| extra_information =
}}

The '''1985–86 Santosh Trophy''' was the 42nd edition of the [[Santosh Trophy]], the main [[States and union territories of India|State]] competition for [[football in India]]. It was held in [[Jabalpur]], [[Bilaspur, Madhya Pradesh|Bilaspur]] and [[Bhilai]] in [[Madhya Pradesh]].<ref name=sw1>[https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.12143/page/n216/mode/1up Sportsworld, 1-7 January, 1986]</ref> [[Punjab football team (India)|Punjab]] defeated [[West Bengal football team|Bengal]] in tie-breaker to retain the title.<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/india86.html RSSSF - 1986 Santosh Trophy]</ref>

28 teams took part. Ten teams were seeded to the quarter final league. The other 18 teams were divided into six clusters from which one team each qualified to the quarter final. Two clusters each were played in Jabalpur, Bilaspur and Bhilai. The sixteen teams were divided into four groups for the quarter final.<ref name=sw1/>

==Quarter-final==

=== Group A ===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL
|source=RSSF, Sportsworld
|update=complete
|team1=PU |team2=KA |team3=GU |team4=MP
|result1=KO
|win_PU=3 |draw_PU=0 |loss_PU=0 |gf_PU=12 |ga_PU=1
|win_KA=1 |draw_KA=1 |loss_KA=1 |gf_KA=4 |ga_KA=3
|win_GU=1 |draw_GU=0 |loss_GU=2 |gf_GU=4 |ga_GU=12
|win_MP=0 |draw_MP=1 |loss_MP=2 |gf_MP=3 |ga_MP=7

|name_PU=[[Punjab football team (India)|Punjab]]
|name_KA=[[Karnataka football team|Karnataka]]
|name_GU=[[Gujarat football team|Gujarat]]
|name_MP=[[Madhya Pradesh football team|Madhya Pradesh]]

|winpoints=2
|drawpoints=1
|losspoints=0

|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]]
}}

{{football box
|team1= [[Punjab football team (India)|Punjab]]
|team2= [[Madhya Pradesh football team|Madhya Pradesh]]
|score1 = 3
|score2 = 1
|goals1=
|report=
}}
{{football box
|team1= [[Punjab football team (India)|Punjab]]
|team2= [[Gujarat football team|Gujarat]]
|score1 = 8
|score2 = 1
|goals1=
* Kashmira Singh {{goal}} {{goal}} {{goal}}
|report=
}}
{{football box
|team1= [[Punjab football team (India)|Punjab]]
|team2= [[Karnataka football team|Karnataka]]
|score1 = 1
|score2 = 0
|goals1=
*Satish Kumar {{goal|75}}
|report=
}}

===Group B===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL
|source=RSSF
|update=complete
|team1=BE |team2=TN |team3=SE |team4=ME
|result1=KO
|win_BE=3 |draw_BE=0 |loss_BE=0 |gf_BE=7 |ga_BE=0
|win_TN=2 |draw_TN=0 |loss_TN=1 |gf_TN=5 |ga_TN=3
|win_SE=1 |draw_SE=0 |loss_SE=2 |gf_SE=1 |ga_SE=2
|win_ME=0 |draw_ME=0 |loss_ME=3 |gf_ME=1 |ga_ME=9

|name_BE=[[West Bengal football team|Bengal]]
|name_TN=[[Tamil Nadu football team|Tamil Nadu]]
|name_SE=[[Services football team|Services]]
|name_ME=[[Meghalaya football team|Meghalaya]]

|winpoints=2
|drawpoints=1
|losspoints=0


|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]]
}}

{{football box
|team1= [[West Bengal football team|Bengal]]
|team2= [[Tamil Nadu football team|Tamil Nadu]]
|score1 = 2
|score2 = 0
|goals1=
|report=
}}
{{football box
|team1= [[West Bengal football team|Bengal]]
|team2= [[Services football team|Services]]
|score1 = 1
|score2 = 0
|report=
}}

{{football box
|team1= [[West Bengal football team|Bengal]]
|team2= [[Meghalaya football team|Meghalaya]]
|goals1=
*[[Prasanta Banerjee]] {{goal}}
|score1 = 4
|score2 = 0
|report=
}}
{{football box
|team1= [[Tamil Nadu football team|Tamil Nadu]]
|team2= [[Services football team|Services]]
|score1 = 1
|score2 = 0
|report=
}}
{{football box
|team1= [[Tamil Nadu football team|Tamil Nadu]]
|team2= [[Meghalaya football team|Meghalaya]]
|score1 = 4
|score2 = 1
|report=
}}
{{football box
|team1= [[Services football team|Services]]
|team2= [[Meghalaya football team|Meghalaya]]
|score1 = 1
|score2 = 0
|report=
}}

===Group C===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL
|source=RSSF
|update=complete
|team1=MA |team2=GO |team3=BI |team4=AS
|
|win_MA=2 |draw_MA=1 |loss_MA=0 |gf_MA=6 |ga_MA=1
|win_GO=2 |draw_GO=1 |loss_GO=0 |gf_GO=3 |ga_GO=1
|win_BI=0 |draw_BI=1 |loss_BI=2 |gf_BI=2 |ga_BI=5
|win_AS=0 |draw_AS=1 |loss_AS=2 |gf_AS=2 |ga_AS=6

|name_MA=[[Maharashtra football team|Maharashtra]]
|name_GO=[[Goa football team|Goa]]
|name_BI=[[Bihar football team|Bihar]]
|name_AS=[[Assam football team|Assam]]

|winpoints=2
|drawpoints=1
|losspoints=0

|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]]
}}

{{football box
|team1= [[Goa football team|Goa]]
|goals1=
|goals2=
|team2= [[Maharashtra football team|Maharashtra]]
|score1=0
|score2=0
|attendance=
|date =
}}

{{football box
|team1= [[Goa football team|Goa]]
|goals1=
|goals2=
|team2= [[Maharashtra football team|Maharashtra]]
|score1=4
|score2=2
|attendance=
|date =
|scorenote=replay
}}

After Maharashtra and Goa finished the group with 5 points, their match was replayed to decide the semifinalist. Goa won 4–2. Group C matches were played in Bhilai. Goa had to take an 11-hour bus ride to play Punjab in the semifinal at Jabalpur two days later.

===Group D===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL
|source=RSSF
|update=complete
|team1=KE |team2=AP |team3=SI |team4=RA
|result1=KO
|
|win_KE=2 |draw_KE=0 |loss_KE=1 |gf_KE=6 |ga_KE=1
|win_AP=1 |draw_AP=1 |loss_AP=1 |gf_AP=2 |ga_AP=2
|win_SI=1 |draw_SI=1 |loss_SI=1 |gf_SI=2 |ga_SI=4
|win_RA=1 |draw_RA=0 |loss_RA=2 |gf_RA=1 |ga_RA=4

|name_KE=[[Kerala football team|Kerala]]
|name_AP=[[Andhra Pradesh football team|Andhra Pradesh]]
|name_SI=[[Sikkim football team|Sikkim]]
|name_RA=[[Railways football team|Railways]]

|winpoints=2
|drawpoints=1
|losspoints=0


|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]]
}}

== Semifinals ==
{{football box
|team1= [[West Bengal football team|Bengal]]
|team2= [[Kerala football team|Kerala]]
|score1=2
|score2=0
|goals1=Subir Sarkar {{goal}} {{goal}}
|stadium=
|referee=
|report=
|date=
}}
{{football box
|team1= [[Punjab football team (India)|Punjab]]
|team2= [[Goa football team|Goa]]
|goals1=
|goals2=
|score1=1
|score2=0
|stadium= [[Ravishankar Shukla Stadium]], Wright Town, [[Jabalpur]]
|referee=
|report=
|date=
}}

== Final ==
{{football box
|team1= [[Punjab football team (India)|Punjab]]
|team2= [[West Bengal football team|Bengal]]
|score1 = 0
|score2 = 0
|penaltyscore = 4–2
|stadium= [[Ravishankar Shukla Stadium]], Wright Town, [[Jabalpur]]
|date = 18 March 1986 <ref>[https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.12143/page/n420/mode/1up Punjab basks in glory], Sportsworld</ref>
}}

==Notes==
The [[RSSSF]] pages used as reference give the tie-breaker score as 4-1 and 4–2 in two places.<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/indiasantoshhist.html RSSSF - List of Santosh Trophy Finals]</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Santosh Trophy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1985-86 Santosh Trophy}}
[[Category:Santosh Trophy seasons]]
[[Category:1985–86 in Indian football]]

{{India-footy-competition-stub}}

Bikas C Sanyal

2025-09-30T18:45:45Z

Ieagle: created basic post added tags!

{{Short description|Indian educator}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2019}}
[[File:Dr. Bikas C Sanyal.jpg|thumb|Dr. Bikas C Sanyal]]
'''Bikas Chandra Sanyal''' ([[Bengali language|Bengali]]: বিকাশ চন্দ্র সান্যাল; born 15 January 1938) is an Indian [[educationist]], director of the Fondation de la Maison de l'Inde, Cité international universitaire de Paris<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fondationmaisondelinde.net/|title=Welcome to India House|website=fondationmaisondelinde.net}}</ref> in Paris. Before assuming this office he was special advisor to the UNESCO [[Director General]] and carried on as its adviser until 2014. He served UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning Paris for three decades. He also served as the Vice Chairperson of [[UNESCO]] International Institute for Capacity Building in Africa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iicba.unesco.org/sites/default/files/Fundamentals%20of%20Teacher%20Education%20Development%20No5.pdf/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915160549/http://www.iicba.unesco.org/sites/default/files/Fundamentals%20of%20Teacher%20Education%20Development%20No5.pdf |archive-date=2016-09-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Sanyal is recipient of the highest civilian honor of France [[Légion d'honneur]] (from the president of France)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.inde-en-ligne.com/article.php3?id_article=49|title = Inde en Ligne : Portail sur l'inde - Guide Touristique 2022}}</ref> and [[Pravasi Bharatiya Samman]] (from the President of India).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nriachievers.in/pravasi-bhartiya-samman-awards-2014-and-the-nation-acknowledges/|title = Pravasi Bhartiya Samman Awards 2014 … and the Nation Acknowledges}}</ref> Sanyal has authored a large number of books, reports and monographs.

==Early life and education==

Sanyal was born in January 1938 in a predominantly rural Islamic community in undivided India. After the [[partition of India]] in 1947, he moved to India while his family stayed back in erstwhile [[East Pakistan]] and now [[Bangladesh]]. Following the usual practice of his family he was sent to [[Ichapur]], [[West Bengal]] to live with his uncle for further studies. Due to his excellent academic performance he got a scholarship and admission into the prestigious [[Presidency University, Kolkata|Presidency College]] and a place to stay in the [[Ramakrishna Mission]] which was founded by [[Swami Vivekananda]]. The mission offered him free board and lodging in their Students’ Home in exchange of part-time work with the Home and periodical service in the slum areas of North [[Calcutta]]. He organized and administered the Ramakrishna Mission Residential College, [[Narendrapur]], West Bengal during 1960–66. He was awarded the Ph.D. degree in economics from [[Jadavpur University]] in 1965. After Ph.D. he joined the [[Iowa State University]], U.S. as a [[postdoctoral researcher]]. He married Priti Sanyal in 1966 and has two children, daughter Debarati, now a professor of French in the [[University of California, Berkeley]] and son Shayan, a software consultant now stationed in London.

==Career==
Sanyal joined UNESCO's International Institute for Educational Planning as a faculty in 1969. During his work at the UNESCO IIEP, he worked on the education systems of 77 countries of the world and directed the largest Graduate Employment Survey in the world recorded until 1995. He helped countries of all continents with completely different political systems, to design their higher education strategies. During Cold War, when Poland had a communist regime with central planning system, the Government of Poland, for the first time, accepted the findings of a study under his direction that demonstrated the inadequacy of the central planning system practiced in the Communist world. Poland allowed the results to be published in 1978 within the country. Similarly, he also succeeded in convincing capitalist countries like Philippines and Republic of Korea to change their strategies towards more egalitarian and just distribution of opportunities.

==Contributions to India==
After retirement from UNESCO in 1998 Dr. Sanyal decided to offer his services free of charge to India thus he took over as the director of the Maison de l’Inde in 1999. He changed the fate of a debt-ridden dilapidated house to a reasonably comfortable maison for the residents and India-loving French community. His wife played a crucial role as the Cultural Attaché of the Maison de L’Inde.,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.inde-en-ligne.com/article.php3?id_article=75/|title = Inde en Ligne : Portail sur l'inde - Guide Touristique 2022}}</ref> She took charge of promoting India's image in the sphere of culture through various activities. Even after retiring, he served as the special advisor to the director general of UNESCO on a one-dollar contract and continued to serve Africa on problems related to higher education. He still serves the International Institute for Capacity Building in Africa for free of charge.

==Honors==

[[Legion of Honor]] or Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur : Dr. Bikas C Sanyal's contribution in the field of higher education development around the world including French speaking countries attracted the attention of the President of the French Republic Mr [[Jacques Chirac]] who decorated him with the Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, the highest civilian honour of France.

[[Pravasi Bharatiya Samman]] was awarded to Dr. Sanyal the President of India for the contribution to higher education and culture around the world and enhancing India's image. He considers that Ramakrishna Mission gave him the foundation for intercultural dialogue and the spirit to serve the whole world as one family.

==Major works==
# Quality Assurance of Teacher Education in Africa, UNESCO-IICBA 2013<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002292/229200e.pdf/ Quality assurance of teacher education in Africa] UNESCO</ref>
# Higher Education in the World Reports, (Editor) GUNI and [[Palgrave Macmillan]], 4 volumes, 2005-2008
# Project Framework for the Strategy for the Development of Education in the Sultanate of Oman 2006- 2020, Sultanate of Oman, Ministry of Higher Education, May, 2004
# Strategic Action Plan for the Development of Higher Education in Afghanistan (with others), Ministry of Higher Education Afghanistan and International Institute for Educational Planning, Paris, May, 2004<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/upload/Afghanistan/Afghanistan_higher_education_strategic_plan.pdf/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110824153100/http://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/upload/Afghanistan/Afghanistan_higher_education_strategic_plan.pdf |archive-date=2011-08-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
#Strategic Financial Management in Southern African Universities, UNESCO/International Institute for Educational Planning, Paris, 1999<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001183/118309E.pdf/ Strategic financial management in Southern African universities: report of an IIEP distance education course, 4 May - 31 July 1998] UNESCO</ref>
# The Reform and Policy of Decentralised management of Higher Education in China (edited), UNESCO/International Institute for Educational Planning, Paris, 1997
# Innovations in university management, The Unesco Publishing, Paris, 1995, (also available in French)<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0010/001022/102261Eb.pdf/ Innovations in university management] UNESCO</ref>
# Funding mechanisms of thrust areas of higher education in India (with G.D. Sharma), IIEP, Paris, 1990<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0008/000885/088555eo.pdf/ Funding mechanisms of thrust areas of higher education in India ] UNESCO</ref>
# Technological development and its implications for educational planning, IIEP, Paris, 1990<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0008/000885/088558eo.pdf/ Technological development and its implications for educational planning] UNESCO</ref>
# Excellence and evaluation in higher education: some international perspectives 1994<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0009/000944/094470eo.pdf/ Excellence and evaluation in higher education: some international perspectives] UNESCO</ref>
# The role of the educational system in technological development of electronics/ telecommunications in Indonesia, (with Moegiadi), 1989 IIEP, Paris, 1989<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0008/000849/084923eo.pdf/ The role of the educational system in technological development of electronics/ telecommunications in Indonesia] UNESCO</ref>
# Technological development in micro electronics industry and its implication for educational planning in the Republic of Korea 1988<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0008/000848/084892eo.pdf/ Technological development in micro electronics industry and its implication for educational planning in the Republic of Korea] UNESCO</ref>
# Higher education and employment: an international comparative analysis, Falmer Press, United Kingdom, 1987<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED295549/|title = ERIC - Education Resources Information Center}}</ref>
# Higher education and employment opportunities in Pakistan, 1987<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0007/000774/077470eo.pdf/ Higher education and employment opportunities in Pakistan] UNESCO</ref>
# Employment and career opportunities after graduation: a study on the transition from college to work in the Philippines, 1987,<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0007/000774/077482eo.pdf/ Employment and career opportunities after graduation: a study on the transition from college to work in the Philippines] UNESCO</ref>
# From college to work in the Sudan, 1987<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0007/000764/076443eo.pdf/ From college to work in the Sudan] UNESCO</ref>
# Higher education and employment in Peoples' Democratic Republic of Yemen, 1985<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0006/000693/069344eo.pdf/ Higher education and employment in Peoples' Democratic Republic of Yemen] UNESCO</ref>
# Education and employment of the blind: the case of West Bengal, India, South Asia Publishers Limited, New Delhi, 1985
# Higher education and employment in the USSR and the Federal Republic of Germany, (with R. Avakov; M. Buttgereit; U. Teichler), UNESCO Press, Paris, 1984.
# University Education & the Labour Market in the Arab Republic of Egypt (with Abdel Aziz El-Koussy et al.), Pergamon Press, 1982, {{ISBN|0-08-028-123-0}} (Hard Cover)0-08-028122-2 (Flexicover)
# Higher education and the new international order, 1982 (Also published in French and Arabic)<ref>{{Cite book|isbn=9280311042|title=Higher Education and the New International Order: A Collection of Papers|last1=Adiseshiah|first1=Malcolm S.|year=1982|publisher=F. Pinter }}</ref>
# Graduate employment and higher education in West Bengal, India, (with P.K. Bose; S.P. Mukherjee), UNESCO Press, Paris and Wiley Eastern, Delhi, 1983<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/2265597/|title=Graduate employment and higher education in West Bengal / P.K. Bose, B.C. Sanyal, S.P. Mukherjee - Catalogue | National Library of Australia|website=catalogue.nla.gov.au}}</ref>
# Higher education and employment in the Federal Republic of Germany, (with Ulrich Teichler), UNESCO Press, Paris, 1982<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0007/000772/077279EB.pdf/ Higher education and employment in the Federal Republic of Germany] UNESCO</ref>
# Higher education for self reliance: the Tanzanian experience, (with M.J. Kinunda), IIEP, Paris, 1977<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0006/000693/069326eo.pdf/ Higher education for self reliance: the Tanzanian experience] UNESCO</ref>
# Higher education and labour market in Zambia expectations and performance, (with J. Case et al.), UNESCO Press, Paris and UNZA, 1976<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0007/000772/077226eo.pdf/ Higher education and labour market in Zambia expectations and performance] UNESCO</ref>
# Planning the development of universities, Vol. II, (with V. Onushkin; G. Bartagnon), UNESCO/IIEP, Paris, 1973.<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0007/000767/076769eo.pdf/ Planning the development of universities] UNESCO</ref>
# On the allocation of resources in a university Department (with Karl Fox and Yakir Plessner), Metroeconomica, Vol. 20 1968-_

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sanyal, Bikas}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educational theorists]]
[[Category:UNESCO officials]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Indian officials of the United Nations]]
[[Category:Recipients of Pravasi Bharatiya Samman]]

Vadinamma

2025-08-25T15:15:16Z

Ieagle:

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Vadinamma Serial.jpeg
| genre = [[Drama (film and television)|Drama]]
| creator =
| based_on =
| writer = S.Siva Sekar Priya Thambi
| director = Vasavi Kanth
| starring = Prabhakar [[Sujitha]]
| theme_music_composer =
| opentheme =
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 808
| list_episodes =
| producer = Prabhakar
| cinematography = G. Jayagopla Reddy
| editor = Mohammad Ajaruddin
| runtime = 22 minutes
| company = Sri Sumanohara Production Pvt Ltd
| network = [[Star Maa]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|05|6}}
| last_aired = {{End date|df=yes|2022|03|21}}
| related = ''[[Pandian Stores]]''
}}

'''''Vadinamma''''' ({{Translation|''Sister-in-Law''}}) is an Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language television [[Drama (film and television)|drama]] series which airs on [[Star Maa]] and streams on [[Disney+ Hotstar]] . The series premiered on 6 May 2019.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=Prabhakar and Sujitha starrer Vadinamma to premiere in May|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/prabhakar-and-sujitha-starrer-vadinamma-to-premiere-in-may/articleshow/69097033.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210405095000/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/prabhakar-and-sujitha-starrer-vadinamma-to-premiere-in-may/articleshow/69097033.cms|archive-date=5 April 2021|website=The Times of India|date=29 April 2019 }}</ref> This is a remake of [[Tamil language|Tamil]] series ''[[Pandian Stores]]'' airing on [[Star Vijay]]. It stars [[Sujitha]] (reprising her role from the original Tamil version), Prabhakar, Rajesh Dutta, Maheshwari, Raj and Priyanka. After running for three years the serial ended on 21 March 2022.

==Plot==
It mainly focuses on the unity of a joint family headed by Sita and Raghuram, after the entry of new daughters-in-law, Shailu, Siri and Shilpa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=వదినమ్మ సీరియల్‌లో ఇదే అసలైన ట్విస్ట్...|url=https://telugu.news18.com/news/movies/vadinamma-serial-became-second-highest-ratings-in-telugu-tv-serials-mk-387836.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210405100727/https://telugu.news18.com/news/movies/vadinamma-serial-became-second-highest-ratings-in-telugu-tv-serials-mk-387836.html|archive-date=5 April 2021|website=[[CNN News18]]|date=2 December 2019 }}</ref>

== Cast ==
===Main===
* [[Sujitha|Sujitha Dhanush]] as Seetha Mahalakshmi: Susheela's daughter; Bhaskar's sister; Raghuram's wife; Rishi's mother
** Krithika as Child Seetha
* Prabhakar as Raghuram: Gowri Shankar's son; Rajeshwari's step-son; Lakshman, Bharat and Nani's half-brother; Seetha's husband; Rishi's father
* Sravan Rajesh Dutta / Unknown as Lakshman: Rajeshwari and Gowri Shankar's eldest son; Bharat and Nani's brother; Raghuram's half-brother; Shailu's husband; Rishi's adoptive father
** Shourya as Child Lakshman
* Maheshwari as Shailaja aka Shailu: Janardhan and Subadhra's daughter; Lakshman's wife; Rishi's adoptive mother
* Raj as Bharat: Rajeshwari and Gowri Shankar's second son; Lakshman and Nani's brother; Raghuram's half-brother; Siri's husband; Vaidehi's father
** Chakri as Child Bharath
* Priyanka Naidu as Siri: Parvathi and Satyamurthy's daughter; Bharat's wife; Vaidehi's mother
* Ganesh Reddy as Nani: Rajeshwari and Gowri Shankar's youngest son; Bharat and Lakshman's brother; Raghuram's half-brother; Shilpa's husband
* Suji Thammishetty as Shilpa: Damayanti and Rajasekhar's younger daughter; Kalpana and Kishore's sister; Nani's wife

===Recurring===
* Sujatha Reddy as Rajeshwari: Gowri Shankar's widow; Lakshman, Bharat and Nani's mother; Raghuram's step-mother; Vaidehi's grandmother; Rishi's step-grandmother
* Shiva Parvathy / [[Rajyalakshmi]] / Nirmala Reddy as Parvathy: Satyamurthy's wife; Siri's mother; Vaidehi's grandmother
*Bhargav Rao as Sathyamurthy: Parvathy's husband; Siri's father; Vaidehi's grandfather
* [[Chitram Srinu]] as Papa Rao: Vijaya's husband; Baby's father
* Usha Sri as Vijaya: Papa Rao's wife; Baby's mother
* Rajendra as [[Member of Legislative Assembly|MLA]] Janardhan: Subadhra's husband; Shailu's father
* Kondaveeti Sangeetha as Damayanti: Rajasekar's wife; Shilpa, Kalpana and Kishore's mother (2021–2022)
* Naveena as Subadhra: Janardhan's wife; Shailu's mother
* Manjula Paritala as Amrutha: Raghuram's relative and fake wife; Varshita's mother
* Unknown as Kishore: Damayanti and Rajasekar's son; Kalpana and Shilpa's brother
* Baby Nandhita as Varshita: Amrutha's daughter; Raghuram's fake daughter
* Unknown as Kalpana: Damayanti and Rajasekar's elder daughter; Kishore and Shilpa's sister; Avinash's wife
* Unknown as Avinash: Kalpana's husband
* Unknown as Susheela: Bhaskar and Seetha's mother; Rishi's grandmother
* Vijay Bhargav as Bhaskar: Susheela's son; Seetha's brother; Durga's husband; Raghuram's best friend
* Madhulika as Durga: Bhaskar's wife

=== Cameo appearance ===

* Amardeep Chowdary as Rama
* Sreeharsha Chaganti as Abhi
* Krishna Koushik as Raja Gopal
* Madhavi Latha as Raja Gopal's wife

==Production==
In late March 2020, the production and broadcasting of the series halted along with all other Indian television series and films owing [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]] outbreak in India.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Covid-19 impact: Film, serial shootings halted till March 31|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/media/film-serial-shootings-halted-till-march-31/articleshow/74642704.cms?from=mdr|website=The Economic Times| date=16 March 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Telugu television shows back on track|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/telugu-television-shows-back-on-track-and-as-shootings-resume-amid-safety-measures-telugu-serial-buffs-lovers-can-look-forward-to-fresh-episodes-from-june-22/article31876355.ece|website=The Hindu|date=20 June 2020 }}</ref> It resumed after three months in June 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Vadinamma actor Prabhakar announces Telugu TV shoots to resume in the first week of June|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/vadinamma-actor-prabhakar-announces-telugu-tv-shoots-to-resume-in-the-first-week-of-june/articleshow/75916301.cms|website=The Times of India|date=23 May 2020 }}</ref>

==Reception==
===Critics===
''[[The Times of India]]'' stated, "The old wine in a new bottle that celebrates middle class family emotions has struck a chord with the masses."<ref>{{Cite news|title=From Bigg Boss Telugu 3 to Subhadra Parinayam: Best and most disappointing Telugu TV shows of 2019|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/from-bigg-boss-telugu-3-to-subhadra-parinayam-best-and-most-disappointing-telugu-tv-shows-of-2019/photostory/72925813.cms|website=The Times of India|date=22 December 2019 }}</ref>

===Viewership and ratings===
The series became one of the top five watched Telugu GEC after its time change from afternoon 3:00 pm (IST) to night 7:00 pm (IST) in June 2019 until again being shifted from 7:00 pm in week 49, 2020 despite being in top 3.<ref>{{Cite web|title=కార్తీక దీపం సీరియల్‌తో వదినమ్మ పోటీ...గెలుపెవరిదో తెలుసా...?|url=https://telugu.news18.com/news/movies/karthika-deepam-serial-rating-dented-with-vadinamma-serial-in-star-maa-mk-359968.html|website=[[CNN News18]]|date=2 November 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Vadinamma bags a position in the top 5 TV shows in Telugu|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/trp-report-vadinamma-bags-a-position-in-the-top-5-tv-shows/articleshow/70072342.cms|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 July 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Bigg Boss Telugu 4's time slot to change soon; details inside|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/bigg-boss-telugu-4s-time-slot-to-change-soon-details-inside/articleshow/79512437.cms|website=The Times of India|date=December 2020 }}</ref> As in December 2019, it was at second position with ratings more than about 15 TVR after ''[[Karthika Deepam (Telugu TV series)|Karthika Deepam]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Even TV serials are dominated by other language actresses!|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/tollywood/even-tv-serials-are-dominated-by-other-language-actresses-592806|website=[[The Hans India]]|date=26 December 2019 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|- align=center
!rowspan="2"| Week and year
! colspan="2" |[[Broadcast Audience Research Council|BARC]] viewership (Telugu GEC)
! rowspan="2" |Ref(s)
|-
!Impressions (in millions)
!Ranking
|-
|Week 31, 2019
|8.04
|3
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Telugu TV Shows Rating: వంటలక్క దెబ్బకి 'బిగ్ బాస్' డమాల్.. నెం.1 'కార్తీకదీపం'|url=https://telugu.samayam.com/tv/news/telugu-tv-shows-ratings-karthika-deepam-creates-all-time-record-by-beating-all-shows-including-bigg-boss/articleshow/70643596.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314080841/https://telugu.samayam.com/tv/news/telugu-tv-shows-ratings-karthika-deepam-creates-all-time-record-by-beating-all-shows-including-bigg-boss/articleshow/70643596.cms|archive-date=14 March 2021|access-date=14 March 2021|website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
|Week 43, 2019
|10.36
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=దూసుకొస్తున్న వదినమ్మ...కార్తీక దీపం సీరియల్‌కు చెక్ పెడుతుందా...?|url=https://telugu.news18.com/news/movies/karthika-deepam-serial-became-number-one-place-and-vadinamma-in-second-place-mk-361422.html|website=[[CNN News18]]|date=4 November 2019 }}</ref>
|-
|Week 49, 2019
|10.72
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jabardasth Rating: 'జబర్దస్త్‌'ని సైడేసిన న్యూస్ .. నాగబాబు ఎఫెక్ట్ లేదు కాని..!|url=https://telugu.samayam.com/tv/news/jabardasth-rating-/articleshow/72533114.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210321132030/https://telugu.samayam.com/tv/news/jabardasth-rating-/articleshow/72533114.cms|archive-date=21 March 2021|website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
|Week 50, 2019
|10.44
|2
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karthika Deepam: వంటలక్క దెబ్బకు బెల్లంకొండ హీరో బేజారు...కార్తీక దీపమే టాప్...|url=https://telugu.news18.com/news/movies/karthika-deepam-will-become-top-rating-programe-across-the-barc-telugu-ratings-mk-409966.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330174834/https://telugu.news18.com/news/movies/karthika-deepam-will-become-top-rating-programe-across-the-barc-telugu-ratings-mk-409966.html|archive-date=30 March 2021|website=CNN News18|date=24 December 2019 }}</ref>
|-
|Week 8, 2020
|8.50
|3
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pinni 2 Serial: 'వంటలక్క' స్పీడ్‌కు 'పిన్నీ' బ్రేకులు.. రంగంలోకి దిగుతున్న రాధిక|url=https://telugu.samayam.com/tv/news/karthika-deepam-vs-pinni-serial-radhika-sarathkumar-back-to-small-screen-with-sensational-serial-pinni/articleshow/74594821.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210321131003/https://telugu.samayam.com/tv/news/karthika-deepam-vs-pinni-serial-radhika-sarathkumar-back-to-small-screen-with-sensational-serial-pinni/articleshow/74594821.cms|archive-date=21 March 2021|website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
|Week 28, 2020
|7.23
|3
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Week 28 2020 Top 5 Telugu programs|url=https://twitter.com/BARCIndia/status/1286304247739551744|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724030309/https://twitter.com/BARCIndia/status/1286304247739551744|archive-date=2020-07-24|website=Twitter|publisher=BARC India}}</ref>
|-
|Week 33, 2020
|8.61
|4
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Allu Arjun's Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo Beats Sarileru Neekevvaru By Getting Highest TRP Ratings|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/allu-arjuns-ala-vaikunthapurramuloo-beats-sarileru-neekevvaru-by-getting-highest-trp-ratings-827158|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314082249/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/allu-arjuns-ala-vaikunthapurramuloo-beats-sarileru-neekevvaru-by-getting-highest-trp-ratings-827158|archive-date=14 March 2021|access-date=14 March 2021|website=[[International Business Times]]|date=27 August 2020 }}</ref>
|-
| Week 37, 2020
| 9.72
| 3
| <ref>{{Cite web|title=WEEK 37 - DATA: Saturday, 12th September 2020 To Friday, 18th September 2020|url=https://barcindia.co.in/data-insights|website=BARC India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925140004/https://barcindia.co.in/data-insights|archive-date=25 September 2020}}</ref>
|-
| Week 42, 2020
| 10.82
|3
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=WEEK 42 - DATA: Saturday, 17th October 2020 To Friday, 23rd October 2020|url=https://barcindia.co.in/data-insights|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030073503/https://barcindia.co.in/data-insights|archive-date=30 October 2020|website=BARC India}}</ref>
|-
|Week 44, 2020
|10.39
|3
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=WEEK 44 - DATA: Saturday, 31st October 2020 To Friday, 6th November 2020|url=https://barcindia.co.in/data-insights|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112120059/https://barcindia.co.in/data-insights|archive-date=12 November 2020|website=BARC India}}</ref>
|-
| Week 46, 2020
| 9.80
| 3
| <ref>{{Cite web|title=WEEK 46 - DATA: Saturday, 14th November 2020 To Friday, 20th November 2020|url=https://barcindia.co.in/data-insights|website=[[Broadcast Audience Research Council|BARC India]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201140746/https://barcindia.co.in/data-insights|archive-date=1 December 2020}}</ref>
|-
| Week 48, 2020
| 9.87
| 3
| <ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=WEEK 48 - DATA: Saturday, 28th November 2020 To Friday, 4th December 2020|url=https://www.barcindia.co.in/data-insights|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216171146/https://www.barcindia.co.in/data-insights|archive-date=16 December 2020|access-date=|website=BARC India}}</ref>
|}

== Adaptations ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:Pink;" |Language
! style="background:Pink;" |Title
! style="background:Pink;" |Original release
! style="background:Pink;" |Network(s)
! style="background:Pink;" |Last aired
! style="background:Pink;" |Notes
|-
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| ''[[Pandian Stores]]'' பாண்டியன் ஸ்டோர்ஸ்
| 1 October 2018
| [[Star Vijay]]
| 28 October 2023
| Original
|-
| [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| ''Vadinamma'' వదినమ్మ
| 6 May 2019
| [[Star Maa]]
| 21 March 2022
| rowspan="6" | Remake
|-
| [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| ''[[Sahkutumb Sahparivar]]'' सहकुटुंब सहपरिवार
| 24 February 2020
| [[Star Pravah]]
| 3 August 2023
|-
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| ''[[Bhaggolokkhi]]'' ভাগ্যলক্ষী
| 31 August 2020
| [[Star Jalsha]]
| 21 March 2021
|-
| [[Malayalam]]
| ''[[Santhwanam (TV series)|Santhwanam]]'' സാന്ത്വനം
| 21 September 2020
| [[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]
| 27 January 2024
|-
| rowspan="2"| [[Hindi]]
| ''[[Gupta Brothers]]'' गुप्ता ब्रदर्स
| 5 October 2020
| [[Star Bharat]]
| 26 January 2021
|-
| ''[[Pandya Store]]'' पंड्या स्टोर
| 25 January 2021
| [[StarPlus]]
| 26 May 2024
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{IMDb title|12587540|Vadinamma}}
* [https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/vadinamma/1260004807 Vadinamma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413235407/https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/vadinamma/1260004807 |date=13 April 2021 }} on [[Disney+ Hotstar]]

[[Category:Star Maa original programming]]
[[Category:Indian television soap operas]]
[[Category:2019 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Telugu-language television shows]]
[[Category:Telugu-language television series based on Tamil-language television series]]

Yeleswaram mandal

2025-08-07T06:48:10Z

Ieagle: Creating First Data More To Come

{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}}
{{use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{use Indian English|date=May 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Yeleswaram mandal
| settlement_type = [[Mandal]]
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kakinada district|Kakinada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| official_name =
| area_total_km2 = 121.3
| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|id=|stroke-colour=#C60C30|stroke-width=2|text=Interactive Map Outlining mandal}}
}}

'''Yeleswaram mandal''' is one of the 21 mandals in [[Kakinada district|Kakinada District]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. As per census 2011,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2814_PART_A_DCHB_EAST%20GODAVARI.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161110210748/https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2814_PART_A_DCHB_EAST%20GODAVARI.pdf|archive-date=2016-11-10|access-date=2023-09-02|title=DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK - EAST GODAVARI - VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY}}</ref> there are 13 villages.

== Demographics ==
Yeleswaram Mandal has total population of 77,965 as per the Census 2011 out of which 38,471 are males while 39,494 are females and the Average Sex Ratio of Yeleswaram Mandal is 1,027. The total literacy rate of Yeleswaram Mandal is 62.86%. The male literacy rate is 58.42% and the female literacy rate is 53.25%.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eastgodavari.ap.gov.in/census/|title = Census | Welcome to East Godavari District Web Portal | India}}</ref>

== Towns and villages ==

=== Villages ===

*Bhadravaram
*East Lakshmipuram
*J. Annavaram
*Lakkavaram
*Lingamparthi
*[[Marriveedu]]
*Peddanapalle
*Peravaram
*Ramanayyapeta
*Siripuram
*Tirumali
*Kambalapalem
*[[Yeleswaram]]
*Yerravaram

== See also ==
*[[List of mandals in Andhra Pradesh]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Kakinada district}}

[[Category:Mandals in Kakinada district]]

N. K. Desam

2025-07-21T03:14:22Z

Ieagle: slightly reworked intro for consistency additionally and improved wording

{{Short description|Indian poet and literary critic (1936–2024)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox writer 
| name = N. K. Desam
| pseudonym =
| other_name =
| image = Nknew2021.jpg
| birth_name = N. Kuttikrishna Pillai
| birth_date = {{birth date|1936|10|31|df=yes}}
| birth_place = Desom, [[Alwaye]], [[Kingdom of Cochin|Cochin]], [[British Raj|India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2024|2|4|1936|10|31|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Kothakulangara, Angamaly]], [[Kerala]], India
| occupation = Poet, literary critic, Translator
| language = [[Malayalam]]
| alma_mater =
| nationality = Indian
| genre =
| subject =
| notableworks = ''Mudra, Gitanjali''
| movement =
| influences =
| influenced =
| spouse = R. Leelavathi
| awards = [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]], [[Odakkuzhal Award]], Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize
| website =
| caption = Desam in 2021
| native_name = {{nobold|എൻ. കെ. ദേശം}}
}}

'''N. Kuttikrishna Pillai''' (31 October 1936 – 4 February 2024), better known as '''N. K. Desam''', was an Indian [[Malayalam|Malayalam-language]] poet and [[Literary criticism|literary critic]] from the southern state of [[Kerala]]. In 2009, his poetry collection ''Mudra'' won the [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]]. In 2017, his Malayalam transliteration of ''[[Gitanjali]]'' by [[Rabindranath Tagore]] was selected for the [[Sahitya Akademi|Kendra Sahitya Akademi]] Translation Prize.

==Biography==
N. K. Desam was born on 31 October 1936 in Desom village near [[Alwaye]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110416051453/http://www.hindu.com/2011/03/29/stories/2011032956870700.htm "In Aluva, winning the hearts of voters"]. ''[[The Hindu]]''. Retrieved 14 June 2013.</ref> He was an officer at the [[Life Insurance Corporation]] and retired in 1996. He was married to R. Leelavathi and had three children.<ref name=":0">[https://www.deshabhimani.com/post/20220313_16699/n-k-desam "80ന്റെ നിറവില്‍ എന്‍ കെ ദേശം"]. ''[[Deshabhimani]]'' (in [[Malayalam]]). 30 October 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2023.</ref> He started writing from the early age of twelve and went on to publish more than 10 poetry collections. His first collection '''Anthimalari''<nowiki/>' was published in 1973. In 2016, he received the [[Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award|Kendra Sahitya Akademi award]] for the translation of [[Rabindranath Tagore]]’s ‘[[Gitanjali]]’ in Malayalam language.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-02-05 |title=Malayalam poet N.K. Desam dies at 87 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/malayalam-poet-nk-desam-dies-at-87/article67812982.ece |access-date=2024-02-05 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

N. K. Desam died on 4 February 2024, at a hospital in [[Kodungallur]]. He was 87.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/remembering-poet-nk-desam-a-tribute-to-a-literary-legend/articleshow/107412977.cms Poet NK Desam passes away]</ref> His body was [[Cremation|cremated]] the next day. Hundreds of people gathered at his cremation site along with local Policemen to pay their last tribute.<ref name=":0" />

==Works==
[[File:Nkwork.jpg|thumb|alt=sampoorna krithikalude samaharam|Complete works]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
!! style=width:13em | Title
!! style=width:17em | Publisher
!! style=width:15em | Notes
|-
| 1973 || ''Anthimalari'' || [[Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society|S.P.C.S.]], [[Kottayam]] ||
|-
| 1975 || ''Kanyahridayam'' || S.P.C.S., Kottayam ||
|-
| 1979 || ''Appooppanthadi'' || [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]], [[Trichur]] ||
|-
| 1979 || ''Chottayile Seelam'' || S.P.C.S., Kottayam ||
|-
| 1981 || ''Pavizhamalli'' || S.P.C.S., Kottayam ||
|-
| 1984 || ''Ullekham'' || [[National Book Stall|N.B.S.]], Kottayam ||
|-
| 1999 || ''Anpathonnaksharalee'' || S. T. Reddiar & Sons, [[Cochin]] ||
|-
| 2001 || ''Elimeesa'' || S.P.C.S., Kottayam ||
|-
| 2003 || ''Kavyakeli'' || Green Books, Trichur ||
|-
| 2006 || ''Mudra'' || Current Books, Kottayam ||
|-
| 2006 || ''Mazhathullikal'' || Kurukshethra Publications, Cochin ||
|-
| 2010 || ''Geethanjali'' || Green Books, Trichur || Translation of ''[[Gitanjali]]''
|-
| 2016 || ''Vyloppilli Kathakavithakal'' || Green Books, Trichur ||
|-
| 2016 || ''Desikam'' || Vallathol Vidyapeedam, Sukapuram N.B.S., Kottayam || Complete works
|}

==Awards==
* 1982: [[Edasseri Award]] (Ponnani) – ''Ullekham''<ref>{{cite web |title=ഇടശ്ശേരി അവാര്‍ഡ് 1982 - 2012 |url=http://www.keralaculture.org/malayalam/edassery-award/485 |publisher=Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref>
* 1987: Kavanakuthukam Award (Trichur) – ''Anthyapranamam''{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}
* 1984: Nattarangu (Trivandrum) – Total contribution{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}
* 1992: Bodhi (Aluva) – Total contribution{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}
* 2007: Sahodaran Ayyappan Award (Cherai) – ''Mudra{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}''
* 2007: [[Odakkuzhal Award]] (Cochin) – ''Mudra''<ref>{{cite web |title=ഓടക്കുഴല്‍ അവാര്‍ഡ് |url=http://www.keralaculture.org/malayalam/odakkuzhal-award/483 |publisher=Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref>
* 2008: Nalappadan Award (Punnayurkkulam) – ''Mudra{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}''
* 2008: Vennikulam (Thodiyur) – ''Mudra{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}''
* 2009: [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]] (Trichur) – ''Mudra''<ref>[http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/ml_aw2.htm "List of Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award winners"]. [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]]. Retrieved 14 June 2013.</ref>
* 2009: Katharagam (Bangalore) – ''Mudra{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}''
* 2010: Changampuzha Award (Cochin) – ''Mudra''<ref>[https://changampuzhapark.com/changampuzha-puraskaram/ "Changampuzha Puraskaram"]. Changampuzha Samskarikakendram. Retrieved 21 March 2023.</ref>
* 2011: [[Cherukad Award]] (Perithalmanna) – ''Mudra''<ref>{{cite web |title=ചെറുകാട് അവാര്‍ഡ് |url=http://www.keralaculture.org/malayalam/cherukadu-award/488 |publisher=Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref>
* 2013: [[Asan Smaraka Kavitha Puraskaram|Asan Prize]] (Chennai) – Total contribution
* 2013: Krishnankutty Memorial Award (Trichur) – Contribution to Aksharaslokam
* 2013: Mukthakam (Trichur)
* 2013: Kavikulapathi (Pambakuda)
* 2017: Paanini Puraskaaram (Mavelikkara)
* 2013: Kaliyath Damodaran Award (Trichur) – Gitanjali
* 2017: Mukthakasree (Chengamanad) – Total contribution
* 2017: Chethala Vaishnavam (Shoranur) – Total contribution
* 2016: [[Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize]] (Chandigarh) – ''Gitanjali'' (Translation)<ref>{{cite press release |last= |first= |date=20 April 2017 |title=Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2016 |url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Press_Release_(English)_SATA_2016.pdf |location=[[New Delhi]] |publisher=[[Sahitya Akademi]] |agency= |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref>
* 2018: [[Ulloor Award]] (Trivandrum) – ''Mudra''
* 2019: Ettumanoor Somadasan Award (Ettumanoor) – Various works
* 2020: Sanjayan Award<ref>{{cite news |title=Poet-critic N K Desam bags Sanjayan Award |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/features/books/poet-critic-n-k-desam-bags-sanjayan-award-1.5219007 |access-date=21 March 2023 |work=[[Mathrubhumi]] |date=19 November 2020}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite magazine |script-title=ml:ദേശത്തിന്‍റെ കാവ്യലോകത്ത്‌ ഇത്തിരി നേരം [Interview with N. K. Desam] |language=ml |author=Dhanya Harikrishnan |magazine=Ezhuth |date=2 August 2009 |url=http://ezhuthmagazine.blogspot.in/2009/08/blog-post_9338.html}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Desam, N. K.}}
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:2024 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:People from Aluva]]
[[Category:Writers from Ernakulam district]]
[[Category:Poets from Kerala]]
[[Category:Malayalam poets]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award]]
[[Category:Malayalam literary critics]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Indian literary critics]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]