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<div>{{Short description|2026 Indian film}}<br />
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros<br />
| image = Vaazha II.jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = Savin SA<br />
| writer = [[Vipin Das]]<br />
| producer = Vipin Das<br>Harris Desom<br>[[Sahu Garapati]]<br>P. B. Anish<br>Adarsh Narayan<br>Icon Studios<br />
| starring = {{ubl||Hashir H.|Alan Bin Siraj|Ajin Joy|Vinayak V.}}<br />
| cinematography = Akhil Lailasuran<br />
| editing = Kannan Mohan<br />
| music = '''Songs:'''<br />Malayali Monkeys<br />Rajat Prakash<br />Parvatish Pradeep<br/>Rzee<br>Muthu<br>Arcado<br>Jazir Muhammed<br>Ashwin Aryan<br>Electronic Kili<br/>'''Background score:'''<br />A Team<br />
| studio = {{ubl|Imagin Cinemas|WBTS Productions|Shine Screens|Signature Studios|Icon Studios}}<br />
| distributor = {{ubl|AP International|Home Screen Entertainment|Berkshire Dream House|Icon Cinemas}}<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2026|04|02}}<br />
| runtime = 163 minutes<ref>{{cite web|date=30 March 2026|title=Vaazha -II- Biopic of a Billion Bros|url=https://cbfcindia.gov.in/cbfcAdmin/search-result.php?recid=Q0EwOTIwMDMyMDI2MDAwMTM=|access-date=8 April 2026|website=[[Central Board of Film Certification]]}}</ref><br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Malayalam<br />
| budget = {{INR|10 crore}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 2, 2026 |title=When is 'Vaazha 2' coming to streaming? OTT release date, platform, cast and crew details |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/entertainment/2026/05/02/when-is-vaazha-2-coming-to-streaming-ott-release-date-platform-cast-and-crew-details.html |access-date=2026-05-03 |website=[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Barua |first=Richa |date=April 19, 2026 |title=Vaazha 2 Box Office Collection: Low-Budget Film Shocks Trade, Crosses Rs 100 Cr, Amid Big Movie Hype |url=https://newsable.asianetnews.com/gallery/entertainment/vaazha-2-box-office-collection-smashes-records-becomes-fastest-100-crore-film-in-kerala-3w27h8y |access-date=2026-05-03 |website=[[Asianet News]]}}</ref><br />
| gross = <!--Please do not update the gross without updating the source, thank you. Do note that Sacnilk is considered an unreliable source by the Indian Cinema Task Force.-->{{INR}}235 crore<ref>{{Cite web |title='Vaazha 2' overtakes 'Lokah' to become highest-grossing film in Kerala |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2026/04/26/vaazha-2-box-office-collections-surpasses-lokah-thudarum.html |access-date=2026-04-26 |website=[[Malayala Manorama|OnManorama]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
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'''''Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros''''' ({{Literal translation|[[Musa (genus)|Plantain]] II: Biopic of a Billion Bros}}) is a 2026 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[coming of age]] [[comedy drama]] film directed by Savin SA (in his directorial debut) and written by [[Vipin Das]]. It is a sequel to ''[[Vaazha: Biopic of a Billion Boys]]'' (2024).<ref name="toi">{{Cite web |title=Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros movie details |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-details/vaazha-ii-biopic-of-a-billion-bros/movieshow/128804654.cms |website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2026-03-28}}</ref> The film stars Hashir H., Alan Bin Siraj, Ajin Joy, and Vinayak V., alongside [[Vijay Babu (actor, born 1976)|Vijay Babu]], [[Aju Varghese]], [[Bijukuttan]], [[Alphonse Puthren]], and [[Sudheesh]] in supporting roles.<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 March 2026|title=Vaazha 2 trailer promises film lacing emotions and nostalgia with humour|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2026/Mar/28/vaazha-2-trailer-promises-film-lacing-emotions-and-nostalgia-with-humour|website=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref><br />
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[[Principal photography]] took place from April to November 2025, shot in [[Ernakulam]], the [[United Arab Emirates]], and [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. ''Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros'' was released on 2 April 2026. The film received positive reviews from critics<!--Summarizing critical reception requires a review aggregator source. Do not aggregate it yourself (WP:OR). No POV conclusions, personal opinions, or WP:SYNTH.-->. It was a commercial success and has emerged as the highest-grossing film of all-time in Kerala, [[List of Malayalam films of 2026|highest-grossing Malayalam film of 2026]], [[List of highest-grossing Malayalam films|fifth highest-grossing Malayalam film of all-time]] and [[List of Indian films of 2026|fourth highest-grossing Indian films of 2026]]. A sequel titled ''Vaazha III: Biopic of a Billion Girls'' was announced.<br />
<br />
== Plot ==<br />
Hashir, Alan, Ajin, and Vinayak are close friends whose behavior and relationships with classmates often place them at odds with their teachers. Tensions escalate after Alan's sister Ashna is caught at a theatre, skipping class, and a teacher named Mujeeb publicly humiliates her before her parents, prompting Alan and Hashir to assault him. The four friends later face further trouble after being caught abusing [[Drug|drugs]] obtained from a shopkeeper near their school, leading to a violent altercation in which Manoj Sir is accidentally injured. DySP Xavier Alexander later attributes the incident to both parental negligence and Mujeeb's misconduct, and the boys are ultimately allowed to sit for their examinations.<br />
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Over time, the friends drift apart. Hashir fails his higher secondary examinations and remains in India, Ajin moves to [[Dubai]] to work with his brother Sajin, and Alan and Vinayak leave for the [[United Kingdom]], where they struggle to adapt to life abroad. Despite the distance, they continue to miss one another deeply. The film later focuses on their relationships with their families, particularly their siblings, and ends on an emotional note with the death of Vinayak's father from liver cirrhosis. Sajin convinces Ajin that he didn't want him to suffer like him and they had a worthless father who always claims to be looking after their family only by giving orders and spending leisure at home, whereas their mother is the one who makes the ends meet. In the closing scenes, Hashir breaks up with his lover Shyna as he says she will get somebody better than him and he leaves as a flashback reveals that Hashir, aided by his friends, Ajo, Moosa, Vivek, Abdul and Vishnu had retaliated against Ameen and his brothers after having earlier been assaulted by them at a wedding.<br />
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== Cast ==<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
* Hashir H. as Hashir<br />
** Anandhu as young Hashir<br />
* Alan Bin Siraj as Alan<br />
* Ajin Joy as Ajin<br />
* Vinayak V. as Vinayak Rajan<br />
**Diyan Dinu as young Vinayak<br />
* Veda Shankar as Ashna, Alan's sister<br />
** Sasha Isla as young Ashna<br />
* Devaraj as Sajin, Ajin's elder brother<br />
* [[Bijukuttan]] as Rajan, Vinayak's father<br />
* [[Kannan Sagar]] as Rajan's elder brother<br />
* Angel Maria as Shyna, Ameen's sister and Hashir's love interest<br />
*Sabari as Nashir, Hashir's younger brother<br />
* [[Aju Varghese]] as Manoj sir<br />
* [[Alphonse Puthren]] as [[Deputy superintendent of police|DySP]] Xavier Alexander<br />
* [[Sudheesh]] as Shiyas, Alan's father<br />
* [[Vijay Babu (actor, born 1976)|Vijay Babu]] as Mujeeb sir<br />
* Vinod Kedamangalam as Biju, Sajin and Ajin's irresponsible father<br />
* Aswathy Chandra Kishor as Hashir's mother<br />
* Reena Indrayani as Headmistress<br />
* Arun Kumar as Manu P. Sadashivan aka Kuttettan<br />
* Al Ameen as Ameen<br />
* Nihal Nizam as Nihal<br />
* Nibraz Noushad as Nibraz<br />
* Shahubas as Shahubas<br />
* Aaradhya Sai as Aaradhya, Alan's love interest<br />
* Kudassanad Kanakam as Alan and Ashna's grandmother<br />
* Sreekutti K Nair as Lekha teacher<br />
* Manjusree Nair as School teacher<br />
* Sreenath P. S. as [[Johnny Sins]] <br />
* Adarsh Narayan as Binu<br />
* [[Raveendran (actor)|Raveendran]] as Benny<br />
* Lakshmi Dhanya Saju<br />
* Nidhinya as Alan's mother<br />
}}<br />
===Cameos===<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
* [[Siju Sunny]] as Ajo Thomas<br />
* Amith Mohan Rajeshwari as Vishnu Radhakrishnan<br />
* [[Joemon Jyothir]] as Muhammad Al Bin Salim "Moosa" Ibrahim<br />
* Anshid Anu as Vivek Anand<br />
* Anuraj O. B. as Abdul Kalam<br />
* Saaf as B. C. Vishwam<br />
* Meenakshi Unnikrishnan as Maya<br />
* P. B. Anish as Maya's father<br />
* [[Kottayam Nazeer]] as Radhakrishnan<br />
* [[Azees Nedumangad]] as Thomachan<br />
* [[Noby Marcose]] as Ibrahim<br />
* Gibin Gopinath as Vivek's father<br />
* [[Arunsol]] as Kalam's father<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
The film was officially announced in August 2024 as a sequel to ''[[Vaazha: Biopic of a Billion Boys]]'' (2024).<ref name="mathrubhumi">{{Cite web |title=Vaazha's sequel unveiled: What to expect from 'Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros' |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/amp/movies-music/news/vaazha-movie-makers-announce-sequel-6ba88786 |website=Mathrubhumi |access-date=2026-03-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=22 August 2024|title=Vipin Das' Malayalam film 'Vaazha' gets a sequel|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/vipin-das-malayalam-film-vaazha-gets-a-sequel/article68554327.ece|website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> The project marks the directorial debut of Savin S. A., with [[Vipin Das]] returning as writer and producer.<br />
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Filming began in April 2025 in [[Thrikkakkara]], <ref>{{Cite web|date=9 April 2025|title='Vaazha II – Biopic of Billion Bros' begins shoot in Ernakulam|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/vaazha-ii-biopic-of-billion-bros-begins-shoot-in-ernakulam/articleshow/120113168.cms|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> then shifted to the [[United Arab Emirates]] and concluded in [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. The 115 day shoot was completely by mid November 2025.<ref name="nie">{{Cite web |title=It's a wrap for Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2025/Nov/17/malayalamnews2025nov17its-a-wrap-for-vaazha-ii-biopic-of-a-billion-bros |website=The New Indian Express |access-date=2026-03-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=18 November 2025|title=Vaazha Sequel Wraps Filming After a Marathon Shoot|url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/south/vaazha-sequel-wraps-filming-after-a-marathon-shoot-79324.html|website=[[Filmfare]]}}</ref><br />
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== Soundtrack ==<br />
{{Main|Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros (soundtrack)}}<br />
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The background score was composed by A Team, while the 10 songs were composed by nine composers: Malayali Monkeys, Rajat Prakash, Parvatish Pradeep, Rzee, Muthu, Arcado, Jazir Muhammed, Ashwin Aryan and Electronic Kili. The audio rights were acquired by [[Think Music]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 February 2026|title=10 songs. 9 composers. One wild class! #Vaazha2 🎶|url=https://www.instagram.com/reel/DVI6J0qE6lI/?hl=en|website=[[Instagram]]}}</ref> The first single, "Vanilla Chediye", composed by Rajat Prakash, was released on 26 February 2026.<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 February 2026|title=Let's celebrate the innocence and joy of childhood. 🌴🎶 Vanilla Chediye... the first video song is out now! 🎶🎼|url=https://x.com/Shine_Screens/status/2027016993078206797|website=[[Twitter]]}}</ref> The last single, "Kochu Keralam", was composed by Malayali Monkeys on 18 March 2026.<ref>{{Cite web|date=17 March 2026|title=Second single releasing tomorrow, 6pm IST! 🎶 Stay tuned!|url=https://x.com/Shine_Screens/status/2033861596276249041|website=Twitter}}</ref><br />
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== Release ==<br />
''Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros'' was released in theatres worldwide on 2 April 2026.<ref>{{Cite web|date=15 January 2026|title=Vaazha 2 release date announced|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2026/Jan/15/malayalamnews2026jan15vaazha-2-release-date-announced|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=29 March 2026|title='Vaazha 2: Biopic of Billion Bros' trailer out: Alphonse Puthren 'Premam' reference stands out; Release set for April 2|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/vaazha-2-biopic-of-billion-bros-trailer-out-alphonse-puthren-premam-reference-stands-out-release-set-for-april-2/articleshow/129874883.cms|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref name="manorama">{{Cite web |title=Vaazha 2 locks release date |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2026/01/15/vaazha-2-locks-release-date-savin-sequel-malayalam-cinema.html |website=Onmanorama |access-date=2026-03-28}}</ref> The film was distributed by Icon Cinemas in [[Kerala]]. The overseas distribution rights were acquired by AP International, Home Screen Entertainment, and Berkshire Dream House.{{cn|date=April 2026}}<br />
<br />
=== Home Media ===<br />
The post-theatrical digital streaming rights of ''Vaazha II'' were acquired by [[JioHotstar]]. The film will begin streaming on the platform from 8 May 2026.<br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
===Box office===<br />
The film grossed ₹5.20 crore from [[Kerala]] on its first day.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dixit |first1=Mohit |title=Vaazha 2 Opening Day Box Office Collections: Malayalam film scripts history, debuts with MASSIVE Rs 5.20 crore in Kerala |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/vaazha-2-opening-day-box-office-collections-malayalam-film-scripts-history-debuts-with-massive-rs-5-20-crore-in-kerala-1402003 |publisher=[[Pinkvilla]] |access-date=7 April 2026 |date=3 April 2026}}</ref> It earned ₹26.50 crore from Kerala in its first weekend (4 days), with a worldwide total around ₹65 crore.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dixit |first1=Mohit |title=Vaazha 2 Box Office Collections: Hashir starrer film wreaks havoc in Kerala, closes first weekend at SUPERB Rs 26.50 crore |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/vaazha-2-box-office-collections-hashir-starrer-film-wreaks-havoc-in-kerala-closes-first-weekend-at-superb-rs-27-crore-1402053 |publisher=[[Pinkvilla]] |access-date=7 April 2026 |date=6 April 2026}}</ref> In 7 days, the film surpassed ₹100 crore worldwide.<ref name="7Days">{{cite news |author1=Cinema Express Desk |title=Vaazha 2 box office: Hashir and team's film storms past ₹100 crore worldwide, sequel sets new benchmarks in Malayalam |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2026/Apr/09/vaazha-2-box-office-hashir-and-teams-film-storms-past-100-crore-worldwide-sequel-sets-new-benchmarks-in-malayalam |access-date=10 April 2026 |work=Cinema Express |date=9 April 2026}}</ref> In 16 days, it crossed {{Indian rupee}}100 crore in Kerala alone, becoming the third and the fastest film to do so.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-17 |title=Vaazha 2 box office: Sequel crosses ₹100 crore at Kerala box office in just 16 days, beating Lokah and Thudarum |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2026/Apr/17/vaazha-2-box-office-sequel-crosses-100-crore-at-kerala-box-office-in-just-16-days-beating-lokah-and-thudarum |access-date=2026-04-24 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> In 18 days, it surpassed ₹200 crore globally, becoming the fifth Malayalam film to do so.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-17 |title=Vaazha 2 box office: Sequel crosses ₹100 crore at Kerala box office in just 16 days, beating Lokah and Thudarum |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2026/Apr/17/vaazha-2-box-office-sequel-crosses-100-crore-at-kerala-box-office-in-just-16-days-beating-lokah-and-thudarum |access-date=2026-04-24 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> In 24 days, it grossed ₹121 crore in Kerala, surpassing ''[[Lokah Chapter 1: Chandra]]'' to become the [[List of highest-grossing Malayalam films|highest grossing film of all time in Kerala]].<ref>{{Cite web |title='Vaazha 2' overtakes 'Lokah' to become highest-grossing film in Kerala |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2026/04/26/vaazha-2-box-office-collections-surpasses-lokah-thudarum.html |access-date=2026-04-26 |website=@onmanorama |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Critical response ===<br />
''Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros'' received positive reviews from critics. Sreeju Sudhakaran of ''[[Rediff.com|Rediff]]'' gave 4 out of 5 stars and wrote, "''Vaazha 2'' grows beyond the shadow of its predecessor by refining its tone, strengthening its themes, and delivering more assured emotional beats and performances".<ref>{{Cite web|date=4 April 2026|title=Vaazha 2 Review: An Improved, Crowd-Pleasing Sequel That Hits All the Right Notes|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/vaazha-2-review/20260404.htm|website=[[Rediff.com|Rediff]]}}</ref> Sanjay Ponnappa of ''[[India Today]]'' gave 4 out of 5 stars and wrote that the film is "more than just a nostalgic trip – it's a heartfelt coming-of-age tale that blends humour, chaos, and emotion with impressive craft.<ref>{{Cite web|date=4 April 2026|title=Vaazha 2 review: Bros, brawls and big feelings, a nostalgic ride that hits home|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/movies/reviews/story/vaazha-2-biopic-billion-bros-school-life-friendship-review-2891430-2026-04-04|website=[[India Today]]}}</ref><br />
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Gopika I. S. of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave 3.5 out of 5 stars and wrote that the film is "funnier, quirkier and slick. The theme, the emotions and the ideas resemble ''Vaazha 1'', and at the same time it feels fresh, relatable and compelling in its narrative choices".<ref>{{Cite web|date=3 April 2026|title=Vaazha 2: Biopic of a Billion Bros Movie Review: Quirky, funny and grounded : Vaazha II hits the right notes|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-reviews/vaazha-2-biopic-of-a-billion-bros/movie-review/129982697.cms|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
Vivek Santhosh of ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' gave 3 out of 5 stars and wrote, "In the end, Vaazha II feels very much like an Instagram reel expanded into a feature film, filled with humour, life lessons and a fair bit of chaos. It does not quite capture the emotional depth of its predecessor, but thanks to its engaging central performances and consistently amusing moments, it remains a fairly enjoyable watch".<ref>{{Cite web|date=3 April 2026|title=Vaazha II Movie Review: A fun ride that needed to slow down at times|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2026/Apr/03/malayalamreview2026apr02vaazha-ii-movie-review-a-fun-ride-that-needed-to-slow-down-at-times|website=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref> Anandu Suresh of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' gave 3 out of 5 stars and wrote, "While Hashir, Alan, Ajin, and Vinayak (playing characters named after themselves) are perfect in their roles — with Alan being particularly impressive — it's almost impossible to assess their acting potential from this one movie, since they largely portray their public personas, which carry many elements of their real selves".<ref>{{Cite web|date=3 April 2026|title=Vaazha 2 review: Hashir and gang are impressive in a sequel that far outshines its predecessor|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/vaazha-2-movie-review-hashir-and-gang-are-impressive-in-a-sequel-that-far-outshines-its-predecessor-10614710/|website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><br />
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==Sequel==<br />
On 13 April 2026, writer [[Vipin Das]] shared a social media post hinting at a third installment in the series.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vipin Das hints at Vaazha 3 announcement with cryptic social media post amid Vaazha 2 dominating box office |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2026/Apr/13/vipin-das-hints-at-vaazha-3-announcement-with-cryptic-social-media-post-amid-vaazha-2-dominating-box-office |website=Cinema Express |date=13 April 2026 |access-date=13 April 2026}}</ref> On 14 April 2026, a sequel titled ''Vaazha 3: Biopic of a Billion Girls'' was announced, to be directed by debutant Viswan Sreejith who was the assistant director of ''Vaazha II''. <ref>{{cite web |title=Filmmaker Vipin Das announces ‘Vaazha 3'-Biopic of a Billion Girls’; franchise shifts to female-led story|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/filmmaker-vipin-das-announces-vaazha-3-biopic-of-a-billion-girls-franchise-shifts-to-female-led-story/articleshow/130256278.cms|website=The Times of India |date=15 April 2026 |access-date=15 April 2026}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title|33245761|Vaazha II: Biopic of a Billion Bros}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Ernakulam]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Dubai]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Georgia (country)]]<br />
[[Category:Indian sequel films]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tagaru&diff=539275Tagaru2026-05-06T10:56:28Z<p>IBADorris7: creating new article.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|2018 Indian-Kannada language action crime film}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Tagaru<br />
| image = Tagaru poster.jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = [[Duniya Soori]]<br />
| producer = K. P. Srikanth<br />
| screenplay = Duniya Soori<br/>Surendranath <br />
| story = Duniya Soori<br />Surendranath<br />
| starring = [[Shiva Rajkumar]]<br />[[Dhananjay (actor)|Dhananjay]]<br />[[Bhavana (actress)|Bhavana]]<br />[[Vasishta N. Simha]]<br />[[Manvitha (actress)|Manvitha]]<br />[[Devaraj]]<br />
| narrator = [[Devaraj]]<br />
| music = [[Charan Raj (composer)|Charan Raj]]<br />
| cinematography = Mahendra Simha<br />
| editing = Deepu S. Kumar<br />
| studio = Venus Entertainers<br />
| distributor = <br />
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2018|02|23|ref1=<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/movies/tagaru.html|title=Tagaru (2018) – Tagaru Kannada Movie – Tagaru Review, Cast & Crew, Release Date, Photos, Videos – Filmibeat|website=FilmiBeat|access-date=13 April 2018|archive-date=10 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110172008/https://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/movies/tagaru.html|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br />
| runtime = 129 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Kannada<br />
| budget = <!--Must be attributed to a reliable published source with an established reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb.--><br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Tagaru''''' ({{translation|ram - male sheep}}) is a 2018 Indian [[Kannada]]-language [[action crime film]] co-written and directed by [[Duniya Soori]] and produced by K. P. Srikanth under Venus Entertainers. The film stars [[Shiva Rajkumar]], alongside [[Dhananjaya (actor)|Dhananjaya]], [[Bhavana (actress)|Bhavana]], [[Manvitha (actress)|Manvitha Kamath]], [[Vasishta N. Simha]] and [[Devaraj]]. The music was composed by [[Charan Raj (composer)|Charan Raj]], while cinematography and editing were handled by Mahendra Simha and Deepu. S. Kumar.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2021-10-10 |title=Tagaru, Ṭagaru: 1 definition |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/tagaru |access-date=2022-07-24 |website=Wisdom Library |language=en |archive-date=6 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906125435/https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/tagaru |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/srikanth-takes-up-tagaru-kannada-news-162702.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711141719/http://www.indiaglitz.com/srikanth-takes-up-tagaru-kannada-news-162702.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 July 2016|title=Srikanth Takes Up 'Tagaru'|work=Indiaglitz.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/sandalwood/130716/manvitha-harish-in-the-company-of-century-star.html|title=Manvitha Harish in the company of Century Star|publisher=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=13 July 2016|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=11 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011023023/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/sandalwood/130716/manvitha-harish-in-the-company-of-century-star.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chitraloka.com/news/14464-bhavana-menon-joins-the-sets-of-tagaru.html|title=Bhavana (actress) Joins The Sets Of Tagaru|work=chitraloka|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=18 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170318053920/http://www.chitraloka.com/news/14464-bhavana-menon-joins-the-sets-of-tagaru.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chitraloka.com/news/14440-sri-shivakumara-swamiji-in-tagaru.html|title=Sri Shivakumara Swamiji in Tagaru|work=Chitraloka.com|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=10 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510115233/http://www.chitraloka.com/news/14440-sri-shivakumara-swamiji-in-tagaru.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
The film was officially launched on 22 August 2016 and the first look was released the following day. The project marks the second collaboration between Duniya Soori and Shiva Rajkumar after ''[[Kaddipudi]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/bangalore/SRKs-Tagaru-begins-in-Bengaluru/articleshow/53805945.cms|title=Shivarajkumar's Tagaru begins in Bengaluru|work=The Times of India|date=22 August 2016|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=7 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307082242/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/bangalore/SRKs-Tagaru-begins-in-Bengaluru/articleshow/53805945.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chitraloka.com/news/13615-the-first-look-of-tagaru-is-here.html|title=The First Look Of Tagaru Is Here|work=Chitraloka|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=17 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917032826/http://www.chitraloka.com/news/13615-the-first-look-of-tagaru-is-here.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
''Tagaru'' was theatrically released on 23 February 2018 to positive reviews from critics and became [[List of Kannada films of 2018|one of the highest-grossing Kannada film of 2018]].<ref>{{Cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216192057/http://vahinitv.com/shivarajkumar-new-tagaru-movie-175-days-celebration-in-shakhi-dhama/|title=ಶಿವಣ್ಣನ ಟಗರು ಸಿನಿಮಾದ 25ನೇ ವಾರದ ಸೆಲೆಬ್ರೆಷನ್ ಅಮ್ಮ ಕಟ್ಟಿದ ಆ ಕನಸಿನ ಗುಡಿಯಲ್ಲಿ..!! – Vahini TV|date=8 August 2018|archive-date=16 February 2020|url=http://vahinitv.com/shivarajkumar-new-tagaru-movie-175-days-celebration-in-shakhi-dhama/|website=Vahini TV|access-date=17 August 2023|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/movies.html|title=Latest Kannada Movies &#124; Kannada Movies 2023 &#124; List Of Kannada Films - FilmiBeat|access-date=7 November 2020|archive-date=7 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107201736/https://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/movies.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/shivarajkumar-s-tagaru-completes-100-days-successfully-becomes-biggest-hit-of-the-year/story-5W4eVv3EoA9OltSt422a8K_amp.html | title=Shivarajkumar's Tagaru completes 100 days successfully, becomes biggest hit of the year | date=27 May 2018 | access-date=24 December 2022 | archive-date=24 December 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224151252/https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/shivarajkumar-s-tagaru-completes-100-days-successfully-becomes-biggest-hit-of-the-year/story-5W4eVv3EoA9OltSt422a8K_amp.html | url-status=live }}</ref> A major chunk of the narrative device was reported to be the main source of inspiration for the template of the tweaked script of the 2021 [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film ''[[Krack (film)|Krack]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keramalu |first=Karthik |date=11 January 2021 |title=Krack Movie Review: A Very Interesting Action Thriller Featuring Ravi Teja And Shruti Haasan |url=https://www.filmcompanio.in/reviews/telugu-review/krack-telugu-movie-review-ravi-teja-a-very-interesting-action-thriller-shruti-haasan/ |access-date=12 January 2021 |website=Film Companion }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The film was remade in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] as ''[[Raid (2023 film)|Raid]]'' (2023).<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/director-muthaiah-to-remake-kannada-super-hit-tagaru.html|title = Director Muthaiah to remake Kannada super hit Tagaru|date = 25 October 2018|access-date = 28 October 2018|archive-date = 28 October 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181028225609/https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/director-muthaiah-to-remake-kannada-super-hit-tagaru.html|url-status = live}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
[[Assistant Commissioner of Police|ACP]] ''Tagaru'' Shiva investigates the suicide case of a girl named Tejaswani. The suicide is linked to a notorious gangster Daali and his brother Cockroach; he also investigates a teenager's death, which is orchestrated by Uncle's aide ''Baby'' Krishna. Shiva kills Baby at his hideout, and arrests Cockroach, who came to celebrate Baby's birthday, and tortures him, but releases him on bail due to Daali and Uncle's influence.<br />
<br />
Shiva meets Panchami through an alliance sent by his superior officer ACP Ramachandra, and they begin to spend time with each other and decide to get married. A cat-and-mouse game ensues between Daali and Shiva, where Shiva kills Cockroach in an [[Encounter killing|encounter]]. An enraged Daali and his best friend Chittaranjan "Chitte" attack Panchami and Shiva during their morning jog. Shiva and Panchami are admitted to a hospital, where Panchami dies from her injuries, leaving Shiva and Ramachandra devastated.<br />
<br />
Seeking vengeance for Panchami's death, Shiva discreetly kills every associates connected to Daali and Chitte, including Chitte and Uncle. Shiva learns that Panchami's sister Punarvasu is arrested by the [[Goa Police]] in a raid. He saves and takes her to Ramachandra's house. Daali learns about Shiva's involvement behind the murders and hires a [[hitman]] to finish him. The hitman finishes Ramachandra, but he soon gets killed by Shiva. Shiva heads to Daali's [[birthday party|birthday bash]] and kills Daali, thus avenging Panchami's death. In the aftermath of this saga, Shiva heads to investigate another case.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
* [[Shiva Rajkumar]] as [[Assistant Commissioner of Police|ACP]] Shivakumar <br />
* [[Dhananjay (actor)|Dhananjay]] as Daali aka Nimbe<br />
* [[Bhavana (actress)|Bhavana]] as Panchami, Shiva's fiancée <br />
* [[Manvitha (actress)|Manvitha]] as Punarvasu, Panchami's younger sister<br />
* [[Devaraj]] as [[Assistant Commissioner of Police|ACP]] Ramachandra, Shiva's mentor<br />
* [[Vasishta N. Simha]] as Chittaranjan "Chitte"<br />
* Sudhi as Cockroach, Daali's brother<br />
* Sachidananda Sachu as Don Uncle aka Narayanaswamy<br />
* Devanatha as Baby Krishna<br />
* [[Poornachandra Mysore]] as Jamoon Ravi<br />
* Anitha Bhat as Daali's girlfriend <br />
* Triveni Rao as Constable Saroja<br />
* Rockline Sudhakar as Subbi aka Saahiti<br />
* Dileep as Dileepa<br />
* Satyanarayana as Constable Satyanna<br />
* [[M. N. Lakshmi Devi]] as Shiva's grandmother<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
===Filming===<br />
On 3 November 2015 an article was published with an announcement that after the success of the crime drama film ''[[Kaddipudi]]'' in 2013, director Soori would again collaborate with actor Shiva Rajkumar for an action film titled ''Tagaru''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/news/2015/after-kaddipudi-duniya-soori-is-back-with-taguru-for-shivarajkumar-203966.html|title=After Kaddipudi, Duniya Soori Is Back With 'Tagaru' For Shivarajkumar|work=Filmibeat.com|date=3 November 2015|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=29 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170529180227/http://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/news/2015/after-kaddipudi-duniya-soori-is-back-with-taguru-for-shivarajkumar-203966.html|url-status=live}}</ref> However, it was reported that the film would go on floors only after both of them complete their pending projects. On 22 August 2016, the film was officially launched in Bangalore with all the lead cast being finalized. The first schedule was wrapped up on 26 November 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmykannada.com/news-shivarajkumar-wraps-up-tagaru-first-schedule-346756.htm|title=Shivarajkumar wraps up Tagaru first schedule|work=Filmykannada.com|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=6 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806062021/http://www.filmykannada.com/news-shivarajkumar-wraps-up-tagaru-first-schedule-346756.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The second schedule began on 12 December and was held in Mysore, Udupi, Gokarna and other coastal areas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chitraloka.com/news/14038-tagaru-action-packed-first-schedule-completed.html|title=Tagaru Action-Packed First Schedule Completed|work=Chitraloka.com|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=30 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430161143/http://www.chitraloka.com/news/14038-tagaru-action-packed-first-schedule-completed.html|url-status=live}}</ref> From 3 March 2017, the third schedule was filmed with actress Bhavana joining the team.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2017/feb/27/bhavana-to-join-tagaru-sets-from-march-first-week-1575473.html|title=Bhavana to join Tagaru sets from march first week|work=The New Indian Express|date=28 February 2017 |access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=15 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515170229/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2017/feb/27/bhavana-to-join-tagaru-sets-from-march-first-week-1575473.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
The first schedule was held in and around Bangalore and Tumkur while the second schedule scenes were canned at Mysore, Mangalore and other coastal belt regions of Karnataka.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/shivarajkumar-and-manvitha-soak-up-kudla-culture-during-shoot/articleshow/56796167.cms|title=Shivarajkumar and Manvitha soak up Kudla culture during shoot|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 January 2017|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=26 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126203742/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/shivarajkumar-and-manvitha-soak-up-kudla-culture-during-shoot/articleshow/56796167.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Casting===<br />
After finalizing Shiva Rajkumar to play the lead role, producer K. P. Srikanth, a former associate of Kanakapura Srinivas, took up the project to finance. This film marks his second independent film after ''Shiva'' which was directed by [[Om Prakash Rao]]. Actress [[Manvitha (actress)|Manvitha Harish]] was selected to play the female lead, marking her second association with Soori after the successful ''[[Kendasampige]]'' (2015). Later actors [[Dhananjay (actor)|Dhananjay]] and [[Vasishta N. Simha]] were signed for antagonist roles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chitraloka.com/news/13501-dhananjay-to-play-a-villain-in-tagaru.html|title=Dhananjay To Play A Villain In Tagaru|work=Chitraloka.com|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=18 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118012610/http://chitraloka.com/news/13501-dhananjay-to-play-a-villain-in-tagaru.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhananjay's hairstyle was modified to suit the role. During the third schedule of the shooting, actress [[Bhavana (Malayalam actress)|Bhavana]] was signed to play another pivotal character.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/bhavana-joins-tagaru/articleshow/56525707.cms|title=Bhavana joins 'Tagaru'|work=Bangalore Mirror|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=29 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729024659/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/bhavana-joins-tagaru/articleshow/56525707.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> Veteran actor [[Devaraj]] was signed in to play the key supporting character.<br />
<br />
== Soundtrack==<br />
{{Infobox album<br />
| name = Tagaru<br />
| type = soundtrack<br />
| artist = [[Charan Raj (composer)|Charan Raj]]<br />
| cover =<br />
| alt =<br />
| released = 2018<br />
| recorded = 2017<br />
| venue =<br />
| studio =<br />
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]<br />
| length =<br />
| label = PRK Audio<br />
| producer =<br />
| prev_title = [[Pushpaka Vimana (2017 film)|Pushpaka Vimana]]<br />
| prev_year = 2017<br />
| next_title = [[Dalapathi (film)|Dalapathi]]<br />
| next_year = 2018<br />
| misc = {{External media<br />
| audio1 = {{YouTube|dPKIc9XUuIk|Official Audio Jukebox}}<br />
}}}}<br />
<br />
[[Charan Raj (composer)|Charan Raj]] has been signed to compose the score and songs for the film.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2016/dec/07/tagaru-craze-soars-1546696.html|title=Tagaru craze soars|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=7 December 2016|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=28 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170528172350/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2016/dec/07/tagaru-craze-soars-1546696.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The lyrics for the songs are written by [[V. Nagendra Prasad]], [[Yogaraj Bhat]] and [[Jayanth Kaikini]].<br />
<br />
{{track listing<br />
| headline = Track list<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| lyrics_Credits = yes<br />
| total_length =<br />
| title1 = Tagaru Banthu Tagaru<br />
| lyrics1 = [[V. Nagendra Prasad]]<br />
| extra1 = [[Anthony Daasan]]<br />
| length1 = <br />
| title2 = Mental Ho Jawa<br />
| lyrics2 = Kiran Kaverappa, Vardhik Joseph<br />
| extra2 = [[Ananya Bhat]], Sree Raksha Achar<br />
| length2 = <br />
| title3 = Hold on<br />
| lyrics3 = [[Yogaraj Bhat]]<br />
| extra3 = Ananya Bhat<br />
| length3 = <br />
| title4 = Badukina Bannave<br />
| lyrics4 = [[Jayanth Kaikini]]<br />
| extra4 = Siddharth Belmannu<br />
| length4 = <br />
| title5 = Balma<br />
| lyrics5 = Jayanth Kaikini<br />
| extra5 = [[Charan Raj (composer)|Charan Raj]], Siddharth Belmannu<br />
| length5 = <br />
| title6 = Jeeva Sakhi<br />
| lyrics6 = Jayanth Kaikini<br />
| extra6 = Charan Raj<br />
| length6 = <br />
| title7 = Gumma Banda Gumma <br />
| note7= Police Theme<br />
| lyrics7 = Jayanth Kaikini<br />
| extra7 = [[Sanjith Hegde]]<br />
| length7 = <br />
| title8 = Yaare Nee Chature<br />
| lyrics8 = Jayanth Kaikini<br />
| extra8 = [[Varijashree Venugopal]]<br />
| length8 =<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Release ==<br />
It was reported that for the first time ever, multiplexes across the state of Karnataka are seeing standees of an actor draped in garlands of flowers and money.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/tagaru-fever-grips-theatres-across-the-state/articleshow/62442918.cms|title=Tagaru fever grips theatres across the state|work=The Times of India|access-date=2018-03-22|language=en|archive-date=20 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720091728/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/tagaru-fever-grips-theatres-across-the-state/articleshow/62442918.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> Outside Karnataka, the film released in [[Mumbai]], [[Thane]], [[Pune]], [[Sangli]], [[Dudhani]], [[Miraj]], [[Chennai]], [[Coimbatore]], [[Delhi]], [[Hyderabad]], [[Kolkata]], [[Ahmedabad]], [[Chandigarh]], [[Goa]] and [[Kasargod]]. Tagaru was reported to have emerged as the biggest ever Kannada film in the opening weekend outside Karnataka by grossing {{INRConvert|10|c}} in 3 days.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/tagaru-characters-come-alive/articleshow/63100113.cms|title=Tagaru characters come alive|website=Bangalore Mirror|access-date=13 April 2018|archive-date=3 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403074953/http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/tagaru-characters-come-alive/articleshow/63100113.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The movie was also reported to be the first Kannada movie to be released in both [[Kenya]] and [[Japan]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://english.sakshi.com/news/2018/04/05/tagaru-first-kannada-film-to-release-in-kenya-japan|title=Telugu States Latest News, Breaking News, News Headlines, Live Updates, Today Top News|access-date=29 April 2018|archive-date=30 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430045255/http://english.sakshi.com/news/2018/04/05/tagaru-first-kannada-film-to-release-in-kenya-japan|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Home media ===<br />
The satellite and digital rights were sold to [[Udaya TV]] and [[Sun NXT]]<br />
<br />
==Reception==<br />
''Tagaru'' received positive reviews from critics.<br />
=== Critical response ===<br />
A. Sharadhaa of ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' gave 4/5 stars and wrote "''Tagaru'' manages to fall into the ''classics'' category, with intense characters, brilliant screenplay, creative cinematography and promising music including the background score playing with the stunts scenes."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2018/feb/24/tagaru-review-shivrajkumars-gangsta-flick-fall-into-the-classics-category-suri-style-1777962.html|title=Tagaru review: Shivrajkumar's gangsta flick falls into the 'classics' category, Suri style|website=newindianexpress.com|date=24 February 2018 |access-date=13 April 2018|archive-date=30 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330070826/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2018/feb/24/tagaru-review-shivrajkumars-gangsta-flick-fall-into-the-classics-category-suri-style-1777962.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Mayur Javali of ''[[Filmibeat]]'' gave 3.5/5 stars and wrote "Duniya Soori has come up with his typical genre of blood, crime and riveting dialogues. Though the story by him is usual, it's his screenplay and dialogue writing which puts him in the limelight. A good watch for the action-lovers and a huge treat for Shivanna's fans."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/reviews/2018/tagaru-review-huge-treat-shivarajkumar-fans-271884.html|title=Tagaru Review: A HUGE TREAT For Shivarajkumar Fans!|website=Filmibeat |date=23 July 2018 }}</ref><br />
<br />
Shyam Prasad. S of ''[[Bangalore Mirror]]'' gave 3/5 stars and wrote "Tagaru is a spicy blood pudding. There are few people who hahave a taste for it and this film is not the best advertisement for those who have not tried the dish so far. The film tried to look like a [[Quentin Tarantino]] film, but ends up like a [[Ram Gopal Varma]] film."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/reviews/entertainment/reviews/tagaru-movie-review-blood-pudding/articleshow/63046022.cms|title=Tagaru Movie review: Blood pudding|website=Bangalore Mirror|access-date=13 April 2018|archive-date=26 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426034441/http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/reviews/entertainment/reviews/tagaru-movie-review-blood-pudding/articleshow/63046022.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Deccan Herald]]'' gave 3/5 stars and wrote "A glorious celebration of machismo and underworld gangsta warfare, Tagaru splashes the screen with gut-wrenching gore and bloodshed. This idiom of cinematic narration, ensures novelty and niftyness, certain surefootedness providing Tagaru with the zip and style to be engrossed in it."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/661153/tagaru-movie-review-gory-tale.html|title=Tagaru Movie Review - A gory tale of revenge and redemption|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=13 April 2018|archive-date=31 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331071528/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/661153/tagaru-movie-review-gory-tale.html|url-status=live}}</ref> <br />
<br />
While compiling the ''25 Greatest Kannada Films of the Decade'', Karthik Keramalu of ''[[Film Companion]]'' wrote "The entire film has uber-cool written all over it, albeit with guns and billhooks. Tagaru is the star-film of the decade (yes it's above ''[[K.G.F: Chapter 1|K.G.F]]'' on the charts)".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/fc-decades/pages/kannada.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102053441/https://www.filmcompanion.in/fc-decades/pages/kannada.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 November 2019|title = 25 Greatest Kannada Films of the Decade &#124; Film Companion| date=8 August 2023 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Accolades==<br />
{| class="wikitable" width=100% |<br />
|-<br />
!Award !! Category !! Recipient !! Result !! Ref<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan=9|[[66th Filmfare Awards South]]<br />
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Kannada|Best Film]]<br />
|K. P. Srikanth<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|rowspan=9|<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominations for the 66th Filmfare Awards (South) 2019|url=https://www.filmfare.com/features/nominations-for-the-66th-filmfare-awards-south-2019_-37931.html|website=Filmfare|date=13 December 2019|access-date=13 December 2019|archive-date=12 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212141500/https://www.filmfare.com/features/nominations-for-the-66th-filmfare-awards-south-2019_-37931.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/winners-of-the-66th-filmfare-awards-south-2019_-38163.html|title=Winners of the 66th Filmfare Awards (South) 2019|website=[[Filmfare]]|access-date=22 December 2019|archive-date=22 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222020917/https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/winners-of-the-66th-filmfare-awards-south-2019_-38163.html|url-status=live}}</ref> <br />
|-<br />
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Kannada|Best Director]]<br />
|[[Duniya Soori|Suri]]<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada|Best Actor]]<br />
|[[Shivrajkumar]] <br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada|Best Actress]]<br />
|[[Manvitha (actress)|Manvitha]]<br />
|{{won}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor – Kannada|Best Supporting Actor]]<br />
|[[Dhananjay (actor)|Dhananjay]]<br />
|{{won}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Kannada|Best Music Director]]<br />
|[[Charanraj]]<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist – Kannada|Best Lyricist]]<br />
|[[Jayant Kaikini]] {{small|("Badukina Bannave")}}<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer – Kannada|Best Playback Singer – Male]]<br />
|[[Anthony Daasan]] {{small|("Tagaru Banthu")}}<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Kannada|Best Playback Singer – Female]]<br />
|[[Ananya Bhat]] {{small|("Hold On Hold On")}}<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan=12|[[8th South Indian International Movie Awards]]<br />
|Best Film<br />
|Venus Entertainers<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|rowspan=12|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/south-gossip/article/siima-2019-full-nominations-list-out-vijay-sethupathi-samantha-akkineni-and-others-bag-top-honours/455922|title=SIIMA 2019 FULL nominations list out!|website=Times Now|date=18 July 2019|access-date=19 January 2020|archive-date=22 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722163532/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/south-gossip/article/siima-2019-full-nominations-list-out-vijay-sethupathi-samantha-akkineni-and-others-bag-top-honours/455922|url-status=live}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/south-gossip/article/siima-awards-2019-full-winners-list-vijay-deverakonda-keerthy-suresh-yash-win-big/470065|title=SIIMA Awards 2019 full winners list|website=Times Now|date=17 August 2019|access-date=19 January 2020|archive-date=12 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112050142/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/south-gossip/article/siima-awards-2019-full-winners-list-vijay-deverakonda-keerthy-suresh-yash-win-big/470065|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Best Director<br />
|Dooniya Soori<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]<br />
|Shivrajkumar<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]<br />
|Manvitha<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
||[[SIIMA Award for Best Actress|Critics Best Actress]]<br />
|Manvitha<br />
|{{won}}<br />
|-<br />
|Best Supporting Actor <br />
|[[Vasishta N. Simha|Vasishta Simha]]<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|Best Supporting Actress<br />
|[[Bhavana (actress)|Bhavana]]<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|Best Actor in a Negative Role<br />
|Dhananjay<br />
|{{won}}<br />
|-<br />
|Best Music Director<br />
|Charanraj<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|Best Playback Singer- Male<br />
|Anthony Daasan {{small|("Tagaru Banthu")}}<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|Best Playback Singer – Female<br />
|Ananya Bhat {{small|("Hold On Hold On")}}<br />
|{{won}}<br />
|-<br />
|Best Cinematographer<br />
|Mahendra Simmha <br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Bengaluru International Film Festival|11th Bengaluru International Film Festival]]<br />
|Third most popular Kannada film<br />
|Duniya Soori<br />KP Srikanth<br />
|{{won}}<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/best-film-awards-biffes-are-720846.html|title=Best film awards at BIFFes are out|website=Deccan Herald|date=28 February 2019|author=Roshan H Nair|access-date=27 July 2021|archive-date=27 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727173740/https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/best-film-awards-biffes-are-720846.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Possible sequel==<br />
Soori had revealed that there would be a sequel to ''Tagaru'' even before the film was released while shooting the end credits of the film at the Bandi Makalamma temple. Sreekanth also gave the go-ahead for the sequel and the team even had the muhurath done with a simple puja.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/interviews/2018/jan/22/shivarajkumars-khaki-attraction-to-continue-4149.html|title=Shivarajkumar's cop mode to continue|website=[[Cinema Express]]|date=22 January 2018 |access-date=13 April 2018|archive-date=11 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311201631/http://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/interviews/2018/jan/22/shivarajkumars-khaki-attraction-to-continue-4149.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Remake==<br />
The copyrights of the Tamil remake version were sold to Tamil director [[M. Muthaiya]] who has signed to remake the film with [[Vikram Prabhu]] reprising Shiva Rajkumar's role titled ''[[Raid (2023 film)|Raid]]'' (2023), but Muthaiya only wrote the dialogues and the film was directed by debutant director Karthi.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/director-muthaiah-to-remake-kannada-super-hit-tagaru.html|title = Director Muthaiah to remake Kannada super hit Tagaru|date = 25 October 2018|access-date = 28 October 2018|archive-date = 28 October 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181028225609/https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/director-muthaiah-to-remake-kannada-super-hit-tagaru.html|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/news/2018/oct/24/shivarajkumar-starrer-tagarus-tamil-remake-rights-sold-to-director-muthaiah-8472.html|title=Shivarajkumar-starrer Tagaru's Tamil remake rights sold to director Muthaiah|website=[[Cinema Express]]|date=24 October 2018 |access-date=28 October 2018|archive-date=28 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028190314/http://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/news/2018/oct/24/shivarajkumar-starrer-tagarus-tamil-remake-rights-sold-to-director-muthaiah-8472.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/tagaru-to-be-remade-in-tamil/articleshow/66346828.cms|title=Tagaru to be remade in Tamil|website=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=28 October 2018|archive-date=28 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028214934/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/tagaru-to-be-remade-in-tamil/articleshow/66346828.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/vikram-prabhus-raid-gearing-up-for-february-release/articleshow/97175917.cms?from=mdr | title=Vikram Prabhu's 'Raid' gearing up for February release | newspaper=The Times of India | access-date=27 January 2023 | archive-date=27 January 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127123100/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/vikram-prabhus-raid-gearing-up-for-february-release/articleshow/97175917.cms?from=mdr | url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
*{{IMDb title|7938336}}<br />
<br />
{{Duniya Soori}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tagaru}}<br />
[[Category:2018 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:2018 Kannada-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2018 action films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian action films]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Bengaluru]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Mysore]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by Charan Raj]]<br />
[[Category:Indian nonlinear narrative films]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Duniya Soori]]<br />
[[Category:Kannada films remade in other languages]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asad_Zaidi&diff=487789Asad Zaidi2026-04-30T02:22:10Z<p>IBADorris7: done...</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}<br />
{{Short description|Indian poet, editor, translator, and publisher}}<br />
'''Asad Zaidi''' (born 31 August 1954)<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=असद ज़ैदी की प्रसिद्ध कृतियॉं : Pothi.org |url=https://pothi.org/en/author/asad-zaidi/ |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=pothi.org |language=en-US}}</ref> is an Indian poet, editor, translator, publisher, and literary critic. He has been a noted [[Hindi]] poet since the early 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dhar |first=Pranjal |date=2020 |title=Contemporary Hindi Poetry in India |url=https://www.goethe.de/ins/in/lp/prj/ptp/mag/en15613030.htm |website=www.goethe.de}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Khosla |first=Navjot |date=2020 |title=Maps of the Impossible: Six Contemporary Hindi Poets – Readings and Translations by Rajesh Sharma:: Autumn Art, 2019, Hardcover, ₹ 400, Paperback, ₹ 325. |url=https://sanglap-journal.in/index.php/sanglap/article/view/144 |journal=Sanglap: Journal of Literary and Cultural Inquiry |language=en |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=156–159 |issn=2349-8064}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Rao |first=D. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8JDsBBDoMccC&q=asad+zaidi+&pg=PA69 |title=Five Decades: The National Academy of Letters, India : a Short History of Sahitya Akademi |date=2004 |publisher=Sahitya Akademi |isbn=978-81-260-2060-7 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Hussain |first=Aftab |title=Romance of Urdu in India {{!}} Literati {{!}} thenews.com.pk |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/tns/detail/565092-romance-urdu-india |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=www.thenews.com.pk |language=en}}</ref> <br />
<br />
== Biography and works ==<br />
Zaidi was born in [[Karauli]], Rajasthan.<ref name=":4" /> He first came to [[Delhi]] in 1974, where he has lived mostly ever since.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-14 |title=The city that chose to forget |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/the-city-that-chose-to-forget/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> From the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, he attended the [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shubra |date=2014 |title=An interview with Sohail Hashmi, Documentary Filmmaker |url=https://www.jnu.ac.in/sites/default/files/jnunews/JNUNews_Sep-Oct_2014.pdf |journal=JNU News: Bimonthly Journal of Jawaharlal Nehru University |issue=5 |pages=18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1Ik5AAAAIAAJ&q=asad+zaidi+centre+for+the+study+of+social+systems |title=Social Scientist |date=1984 |publisher=Indian School of Social Sciences |location=New Delhi |pages=72 |language=en}}</ref> Zaidi is married to the historian Nalini Taneja.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Naqvi |first=Jawed |date=2011-12-01 |title=Don't blame the Hindus |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/677107/dont-blame-the-hindus |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=dawn.com |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Reception of poetry ===<br />
Zaidi's first collection of poems ''Behne aur Anya Kavitaein'' (1980) established him as 'a distinctive voice in contemporary Hindi poetry' early on.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Samanvay Indian Languages Festival |url=http://www.ilfsamanvay.org/2014/speakers-2014.php |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=www.ilfsamanvay.org |archive-date=2023-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722115407/http://www.ilfsamanvay.org/2014/speakers-2014.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1981, Zaidi was awarded the Sanskriti Award in recognition of his contributions to Hindi literature.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Recipients of Sanskriti Awards (1979-2011) - Literature |url=http://www.sanskritifoundation.org/awardees-list.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Sanskriti Awards for 1981 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/signposts/story/19811031-colonel-sp-wahi-appointed-chairman-of-ongc-805983-2014-10-15 |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=India Today |date=15 October 2014 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1981 |title=The Sanskriti Awards for 1981 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gD5WAAAAYAAJ&q=asad+zaidi+hindi |website=googlebooks/books/edition/India_Today}}</ref> In 1993, [[Chaman Lal (writer)|Chaman Lal]] counted Zaidi among the third of the four generations of poets who were at that time actively composing in Hindi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lal |first=Chaman |date=1993 |title=Trends in Contemporary Hindi Poetry : An Overview |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23336845 |journal=Indian Literature |volume=36 |issue=1 (153) |pages=141–145 |jstor=23336845 |issn=0019-5804}}</ref> Zaidi's poetic anthology ''Saman ki talash'' (2008) received much critical acclaim.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=17 June 2023 |title=Asad Zaidi's poems that created a stir in the world of Hindi literature |url=https://hindustannewshub.com/india-news/asad-zaidis-poems-that-created-a-stir-in-the-world-of-hindi-literature/ |website=hindustannewshub.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-17 |title=असद ज़ैदी की वो कविताएं जिन्होंने हिंदी साहित्य की दुनिया में हलचल मचा दी |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/literature/poem-story-gazal-asad-zaidi-poet-poetry-collection-of-asad-zaidi-saman-ki-talash-saman-ki-talash-by-asad-zaidi-asad-zaidi-ki-kavitaayen-writer-asad-zaidi-poetry-of-asad-zaidi-manglesh-dabral-parikalpana-praka-6557705.html |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=News18 हिंदी |language=hi}}</ref> Commenting on this book, [[Manglesh Dabral]], noted poet and an old friend of Zaidi,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-10 |title=Hindi poet-journalist Manglesh Dabral dies |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/books-and-literature/famous-hindi-poet-manglesh-dabral-passes-away-7098627/ |access-date=2023-07-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> wrote, "The rise of communal fascism in our politics and the communalization of the society is the main poetic concern of Asad Zaidi as a citizen. There are many unique poems on this decline of the society in this collection. For this, Asad sometimes comments on the politics of Hindi, sometimes evokes the memory of the fading classical-philosophical voice of a great singer like Amir Khan, and the language in which he does this is a new movement between Hindi-Urdu, an example of a new unity and a concerted effort to enrich our poetic language."<ref name=":3" /> In 2018, Aftab Hussain wrote of Zaidi in [[The News (Pakistan)|The News]] as 'a powerful exception' to the general absence of Muslims in the [[Hindi literature]] that came after the [[Partition of India]] in 1947.<ref name=":2" /> In 2022, [[Tarun Bhartiya]] wrote of Zaidi in [[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]] magazine: "Asad Zaidi’s poetic voice has remained at an angular relationship to the Hindi (Hindu, Hindustan) literary world. Having written some of the landmark and prophetic Hindi poems of the last half a century, Zaidi continues to be a difficult poetic phenomenon for Hindi."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhartiya |first=Tarun |date=4 June 2022 |title=Discursive Ruminations: Three Poems By Asad Zaidi |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/books/discursive-ruminations-three-poems-by-asad-zaidi-weekender_story-200255 |website=Outlook}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Besides in his own books, Zaidi's poems appear in edited anthologies including Sharma (2019)<ref name=":0" /> and Stewart (2020).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Stewart |first=Frank |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VgvPDwAAQBAJ&dq=asad+zaidi+poet&pg=PA193 |title=Displaced Lives: Fiction, Poetry, Memoirs, and Plays from Four Continents |date=2020-01-31 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |isbn=978-0-8248-8641-7 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Other works ===<br />
At Delhi, Zaidi runs the Three Essays Collective, an independent publishing house.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Asad Zaidi, Author at RAIOT |url=https://raiot.in/author/asadzaidi/ |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=RAIOT |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721220730/https://raiot.in/author/asadzaidi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Asad Zaidi |url=https://www.catchnews.com/author/asad-zaidi-2090.html |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=www.catchnews.com}}</ref> There, he is also the editor of ''Jalsa'', an annual literary anthology of new writings and translations in Hindi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jalsa – Three Essays Collective |url=https://www.threeessays.com/product-category/jalsa/ |access-date=2023-07-21 |language=en-CA}}</ref> Zaidi is proficient in Hindi, Urdu, and English. He has translated many works of European, Latin American, and Chinese poets from English into Hindi and Urdu.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Dharmarajan |first1=Geeta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DMqn8DVMgdkC&dq=asad+zaidi+poet&pg=PA215 |title=Katha Prize Stories: Volume 7 |last2=Sharma |first2=Meenakshi |date=1998 |publisher=Katha |isbn=978-81-85586-74-8 |language=en}}</ref> He has also translated works of [[Urdu poetry]] into Hindi, and of Hindi poetry into English.<ref>{{Cite web |title=hasrat mohani |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/hasrat-mohani-m-habeeb-khan-ebooks |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=Rekhta |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Mukim |first=Mantra |title=How Kedarnath Singh, Vinod Kumar Shukla and Mangalesh Dabral defy established movements in Hindi poetry |url=https://caravanmagazine.in/reviews-essays/kedarnath-singh-vinod-shukla-mangalesh-dabral-defy-established-movement-hindi-poetry |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=The Caravan |language=en}}</ref> Besides, Zaidi is known as a literary critic.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Trivedi |first=Harish |date=2012 |title=Manto, God, Premchand and Some Other Storytellers |url=https://rajdhanicollege.ac.in/admin/ckeditor/ckfinder/userfiles/files/Manto&Premchand.pdf |journal=Social Scientist |volume=40 |issue=11/12 |pages=72}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2007 |title=Meet the author - Uday Prakash |url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/library/meettheauthor/uday_prakash.pdf |website=sahitya-akademi.gov.in}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Selected bibliography ==<br />
<br />
=== As author ===<br />
* ''Behne aur Anya Kavitaein'' (1980, in Hindi)<br />
* ''Kavita ka Jeevan'' (1988, in Hindi)<br />
* ''Saman ki Talash: Kavitaein 1989-2007'' (2008, in Hindi)<br />
* ''Sare Shaam: Asad Zaidi ke Teen Kavita Sangreh'' (2014, in Hindi - a volume assimilating the three books above) <br />
<br />
=== As editor ===<br />
<br />
* ''Raghuveer Sahay'' (Vishnu Nagar and Asad Zaidi (eds.), 1994, in Hindi)<br />
* ''Apni Zabaan: Sampradayikta Virodhi Kavitaon ka Sangreh'' (Vishnu Nagar and Asad Zaidi (eds.), 1994, in Hindi)<br />
* ''Aaj ka Paath: Samkaaleen Hindi Kahani ka Ek Chayan'' (Asad Zaidi and Vishnu Nagar (eds.), 1994, in Hindi)<br />
* ''Yah Aisa Samay Hai: Samkaaleen Hindi Kavita ka Ek Chayan'' (Asad Zaidi and Vishnu Nagar (eds.), 1994, in Hindi)<br />
<br />
* ''Das Baras: Hindi Kavita Ayodhya ke Baad'' (Asad Zaidi (ed.), 2003, in Hindi)<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian poets]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language poets]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language Indian writers]]<br />
[[Category:People from Karauli district]]<br />
[[Category:Poets from Delhi]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Delhi]]<br />
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]<br />
[[Category:Indian publishers (people)]]<br />
[[Category:Indian literary critics]]<br />
[[Category:Urdu-language translators]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian translators]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian translators]]<br />
[[Category:Indian editors]]<br />
[[Category:Jawaharlal Nehru University alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Translators from English]]<br />
[[Category:1954 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qubool_Hai&diff=527593Qubool Hai2026-04-25T17:00:53Z<p>IBADorris7: started first entry w/ refs - done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian soap opera}}<br />
{{Other uses}}<br />
{{pp-pc}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox television<br />
| image = Qubool Hai 17th Break Bumper Poster.png<br />
| caption =<br />
| genre = [[Indian soap opera]]<br />
| writer = {{ubl|[[Mrinal Jha]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.adgully.com/spirit-w-a-passionate-storyteller-undercover-utopia-s-mrinal-jha-52828.html|title=Spirit W &#124; A passionate storyteller: Undercover Utopia's Mrinal Jha|website=adgully.com|date=20 December 2012 }}</ref>|Faizal Akhtar|Jainesh Ejardar|Sweksha Bhagat|Divy Nidhi Sharma|Aparajita Sharma}}<br />
| creator = [[Mrinal Jha]]<br />[[Gul Khan (producer)|Gul Khan]]<br />
| director = Amandeep Singh<br /> Arif Ali Ansari<br /> Ajay.S.Mishra<br />
| starring = {{ubl|[[Surbhi Jyoti]]|[[Karan Singh Grover]]|[[Raqesh Bapat]]|[[Amrapali Gupta]]|[[Mohit Sehgal]]|[[Ketki Kadam|Ketaki Kadam]]|[[Karanvir Bohra]]|[[Avinash Sachdev]]|[[Surbhi Chandna]]}}<br />
| opentheme = <br />
| theme_music_composer = Raju Singh<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = {{Plainlist|<br />
* Hindi<br />
* Urdu<br />
}}<br />
| producer = [[Gul Khan (producer)|Gul Khan]]<br /> Nissar Parvez<br /> Karishma Jain<br />
| creative_director = Megha S. Kumar <br /> [[Nimisha Pandey]] <br /> Uday Berry<br />
| location = {{ubl|[[Bhopal]]|[[Mumbai]]|[[Ajmer]]|[[Agra]]|[[Kolkata]]|[[Himachal Pradesh]]}}<br />
| cinematography = Hrishikesh Gandhi<br />
| camera = [[Multi-camera]]<br />
| runtime = 22 minutes (approx)<br />
| company = [[4 Lions Films]] <br />Divine Multimedia<ref name="TOI-1" /><br />
| channel = [[Zee TV]]<br />
| num_seasons = 4<ref name=epi>{{cite web | url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/episode-guide.html | title=''Qubool Hai'' : Episode Guide |work=Zee Entertainment Enterprises| publisher=[[Zee TV]] | access-date=25 November 2015}}</ref><br />
| num_episodes = 856<ref name="epi"/><br />
| list_episodes = <br />
| first_aired = {{Start date|2012|10|29|df=y}}<br />
| last_aired = {{End date|2016|01|23|df=y}}<br />
| related = [[Qubool Hai 2.0]]<ref name="indianexpress.com">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-02|title=Qubool Hai 2.0 trailer: Asad and Zoya's love story gets a spy-thriller twist|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/qubool-hai-2-0-asad-and-zoya-love-story-gets-a-spy-thriller-twist-fans-give-thumbs-up-trailer-7211178/|access-date=2021-03-02|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Qubool Hai''''' ({{Translation|I accept}}) is an Indian soap opera that was produced by [[4 Lions Films]] and broadcast on [[Zee TV]]. The series focused on the [[Muslim]] community and initially aimed to dispel stereotypes regarding [[Islam]],<ref name="TOI-1">Times News Network. {{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tv/Breaking-stereotypes-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/16991761.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518004942/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-10-29/tv/34781452_1_qubool-hai-questions-stereotypes-asad |url-status=live |archive-date=18 May 2013 |title=Breaking stereotypes: Qubool Hai |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=29 October 2012 |access-date=18 August 2013}}</ref> and had been credited for pioneering Muslim-oriented programming in Indian television.<ref name="Times News Networkfeb2014">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news-interviews/Qubool-Hai-brings-Muslim-community-in-trend-on-TV/articleshow/29984526.cms|title=Qubool Hai brings Muslim community in trend on TV|date=7 Feb 2014|access-date=6 April 2014|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Premise==<br />
The first season of the show focused on the love story of Asad Ahmed Khan and Zoya Farooqui, played by [[Karan Singh Grover]], who was later replaced by [[Raqesh Bapat]], and [[Surbhi Jyoti]]. The show was also focused on the lives of Humaira Siddiqui Sheikh, played by [[Ketki Kadam]], Ayaan Ahmed Khan, played by [[Rishabh Sinha]] / [[Vikrant Massey]] and Haider Sheikh played by [[Mohit Sehgal]].<br />
<br />
In May 2014, the second season introduced Asad and Zoya's twin daughters, Sanam and Seher (both played by Jyoti), and revolved around their lives 20 years after the death of their parents.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/screen/surbhi-jyoti-to-play-a-double-role-in-qubool-hai/|title=Surbhi Jyoti to play a double role in Qubool Hai|last=Bhadani|first=Priyanka |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=15 August 2014|access-date=21 Jan 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://m.ibnlive.com/news/its-a-challenge-that-needs-keen-observation-surbhi-jyoti-on-her-double-role-in-qubool-hai/512146-8-66.html|title=It's a challenge that needs keen observation: Surbhi Jyoti on her double role in 'Qubool Hai.'|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=11 November 2014|access-date=18 February 2015|archive-date=18 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218182211/http://m.ibnlive.com/news/its-a-challenge-that-needs-keen-observation-surbhi-jyoti-on-her-double-role-in-qubool-hai/512146-8-66.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Karanvir Bohra]] portrayed Sanam's husband Aahil Raza Ibrahim.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-TV-in-pics-romantic-scene-between-aahil-and-sanam-from-qabool-hain-4760959-PHO.html?seq=1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119125409/http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-TV-in-pics-romantic-scene-between-aahil-and-sanam-from-qabool-hain-4760959-PHO.html?seq=1|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 November 2015|title=Aahil and Sanam get intimate in Qubool Hai|last=Jain|first=Jain|newspaper=Daily Bhaskar|date=30 September 2014|access-date=12 July 2015}}</ref> [[Shehzad Sheikh]] joined the cast as Rehan Qureshi, Seher's love interest.<br />
<br />
The third season of the show portrayed Aahil and Sanam's incomplete love story after she loses her memory, is transported to Pakistan, and an imposter takes her place.<br />
<br />
The fourth season of the show, launched in August 2015 and incorporating supernatural elements, was set 25 years after Sanam's suicide. It focused on the love story of Mahira, who was the result of Sanam's last prayer (again portrayed by Jyoti), and her two husbands - Azaad Iqbal Khan ([[Rajbeer Singh]]), who is revealed to be a vampire and is the "fake" Sanam's son, and his long-lost brother, Armaan Iqbal Khan, who receives his heart in a transplant.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.media247.co.uk/bizasia/zee-tvs-qubool-hai-leaps-25-years-ahead-2015|title=ZEE TV's 'Qubool Hai' leaps 25 years ahead|last=Baddhan|first=Raj|publisher=BizAsia|date=18 August 2015|access-date=19 August 2015|archive-date=3 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003140437/http://www.media247.co.uk/bizasia/zee-tvs-qubool-hai-leaps-25-years-ahead-2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> The show ended in January 2016 after Armaan and Mahira's remarriage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-to-go-off-air-on-January-25/articleshow/50635522.cms|title='Qubool Hai' to go off air on January 25|work=The Times of India|access-date=20 January 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
===Season 1===<br />
Zoya Farooqui, a fun-loving girl brought up in the USA comes to [[Bhopal]] in search of her real father and stays with her foster sister's aunt Dilshad, who has a daughter Najma and a silent, traditional, orthodox and short tempered son Asad Ahmed Khan. Zoya and Asad gradually fall in love, but his childhood friend Tanveer Baig creates obstacles for them. Asad's father Rashid now lives with his much wealthy second wife Shireen, though their son Ayaan has a loving relationship with Asad.<br />
<br />
Shireen's brother Ghafoor Siddiqui turns out to be Zoya's biological father, who presumed her dead after his second wife, Razia, killed his first wife (Zoya's mother) in a fire, though Zoya had escaped that time. Rashid and Dilshad unite. Razia and Ghafoor's daughter Humaira loves Ayaan but is shattered as he leaves with Shireen. Haider enters to take revenge for his parents' death but falls in love with and marries Humaira, after knowing he is Zoya's lost brother.<br />
<br />
Zoya and Asad marry and eventually become parents to twin daughters, Sanam and Seher. Haider moves to Dubai with the pregnant Humaira. Tanveer traces Asad and Zoya out and brutally stabs and kills them, setting fire to their house. Dilshad escapes with Haya (Najma's daughter) and Sanam, but loses Seher in the fire.<br />
<br />
===Season 2===<br />
'''20 years later'''<br />
<br />
Dilshad, Haya and Sanam live in [[Punjab]]. Sanam runs a restaurant and crosses her path with business tycoon Aahil Raza Ibrahim, Tanveer's stepson. She later arrives in [[Bhopal]]. Soon, Aahil falls for Sanam and marries her due to Tanveer, who wants to get the property. Sanam and Aahil gradually fall in love. Two brothers Faiz and Raahat fall in love with Haya, who reciprocates Raahat. Faiz tries to attack them, but they kill him and unite. Aahil and Sanam separate when Tanveer finds she's Asad and Zoya's daughter. She kidnaps Sanam and puts an alive Seher in her place.<br />
<br />
Soon, Dilshad finds out about Tanveer and reveals Sanam and Seher's history to them. They vow to avenge their parents' death. Tanveer tricks Aahil into marrying a woman who she imposters as Sanam. He later finds out his father Raza is alive. As Aahil dismisses Tanveer, she attacks him but instead kills her own son Rehan. Zoya's soul kills Tanveer. The impostor Sanam, to separate the united Aahil and Sanam, tries to sell Seher to a brothel. Sanam reaches to rescue her but Seher dies. Sanam, unaware of this searches for her and reaches to [[Lahore]].<br />
<br />
===Season 3===<br />
Sanam has lost her memory and lives with a Pakistani Major, Shaad Aftaab Khan, who in order to save her life, lied that she is his wife, Jannat. "Jannat" confusingly remembers extracts of her life with Aahil.<br />
<br />
Soon, Tanveer's daughter enters their life disguised as Misbah, Shaad's cousin, and kills the family posing as a terrorist. Shaad and Jannat chase Misbah and reach India, where Aahil finds her and suggests they come to Bhopal for her treatment. Shaad realises Jannat is Sanam and leaves her with Aahil. But Sanam's impostor, still living with Aahil, tries to keep her away from him. She pays a man to kill them and successfully kills Aahil. Devastated Sanam regains her memory and vows to take revenge from her husband, Aahil's killers. After taking her revenge from all the murderers except Nayi Sanam, Sanam commits suicide, taking away all her powers.<br />
<br />
===Season 4===<br />
'''25 years later'''<br />
<br />
Mahira takes birth at the same time when Sanam dies. Mahira is the answer to Sanam's last prayer. She comes to Bhopal to stay with her stepsisters. She encounters Fake Sanam (now Khan Begum) who is now miserable without her powers. She also encounters her older son Azaad, and they fall in love. However, Azaad is revealed to be a vampire. Mahira is initially engaged to Amaad (Khan Begum's youngest son) as Azaad rejects her to keep her safe from himself. But Khan Begum later has her marry Azaad on persistence of Razia, who believes only the offspring of true lovers can help them recover Khan Begum's evil powers. But soon, Afreen enters in their lives, killing Amaad and causes a havoc, tormenting and separating the newlyweds. Afreen in her attempt to kill Khan Begum kills Azaad and his heart is transplanted into his older brother Armaan, who is the first born of KB. She also learns that her first born and Mahira's offspring can actually bring back her evil powers.<br />
<br />
Though, they are initially at loggerheads as Armaan fakes his love for Mahira to take the revenge of her slaps, they are married as he blackmails her. Both Mahira and Armaan try to trouble and outsmart each other after the marriage but soon falls for each other after she saves him from terrorists. Amaad returns their lives and manipulates Armaan into divorcing Mahira. Khan Begum finally realizes her mistakes and is now powerless. She sacrifices herself to revive Armaan. In the end, Mahira and Armaan gets married again and names their daughter, Zoya, ending Qubool Hai.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
===Main===<br />
[[File:Karan Singh Grover and Surbhi Jyoti at Press Conference of show Qubool Hai.jpg|thumb|right|[[Surbhi Jyoti]] and [[Karan Singh Grover]] in an event]]<br />
* [[Surbhi Jyoti]] as<br />
** Zoya Farooqui Ahmed Khan – Ghafoor's daughter; Humaira's half-sister; Haider's cousin; Asad's wife; Sanam and Seher's mother (2012–2014)<br />
*** [[Harshaali Malhotra]] as Child Zoya Farooqui (2012)<br />
** Sanam Ahmed Khan Raza Ibrahim – Zoya and Asad's daughter; Seher's twin sister; Aahil's wife; Rehan and Shaad's friend (2014–2015)<br />
** Seher Ahmed Khan – Zoya and Asad's daughter; Sanam's twin sister; Rehan's fiancée (2014–2015)<br />
** Mahira Akhtar Raza Sheikh – Reborn Sanam; Azaad and Armaan's wife; Jr. Zoya's mother (2015–2016)<ref name=fans>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news-interviews/It-was-fun-to-work-with-Karan-Singh-Grover-but-Karanvirs-cool-too-Surbhi-Jyoti/articleshow/34785464.cms|title=It was fun to work with Karan Singh Grover, but Karanvir's cool too: Surbhi Jyoti|last=Patel|first=Ano |newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=8 May 2014|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Ive-never-seen-any-daily-soaps-Surbhi-Jyoti/articleshow/17505051.cms|title=I've never seen any daily soaps: Surbhi Jyoti|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=6 December 2012|access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Surbhi-Jyoti-Double-roles-test-range-of-your-acting-skills/articleshow/45120831.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222133726/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Surbhi-Jyoti-Double-roles-test-range-of-your-acting-skills/articleshow/45120831.cms|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 December 2015|title=Surbhi Jyoti: Double roles test range of your acting skills|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=12 November 2014|access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref><ref name=twins>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-Sanam-Seher-Come-Face-to-Face/articleshow/45119406.cms|title=Qubool Hai: Sanam-Seher Come Face-to-Face|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=12 November 2014|access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/surbhi-jyoti-sports-dental-braces-for-new-look-in-show/|title=Surbhi Jyoti sports dental braces for new look in show|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=19 August 2015|access-date=20 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://wap.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/surbhi-jyoti-sports-dental-braces-for-new-look-in-show-tv-snippets-115081900730_1.html|title=Surbhi Jyoti sports dental braces for new look in show|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[Business Standard]]|date=19 August 2015|access-date=20 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Surbhi-Jyoti-sports-dental-braces-for-new-look-in-show/articleshow/48543901.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222123619/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Surbhi-Jyoti-sports-dental-braces-for-new-look-in-show/articleshow/48543901.cms|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 December 2015|title=Surbhi Jyoti sports dental braces for new look in show|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=19 August 2015|access-date=20 August 2015}}</ref><br />
* [[Karan Singh Grover]] as Asad Ahmed Khan – Dilshad and Rashid's son; Najma's brother; Ayaan, Nikhat and Nuzhat's half-brother; Zoya's husband; Sanam and Seher's father (2012–13)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Karan-Singh-Grover-to-be-replaced-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/27910904.cms|title=Karan Singh Grover to be replaced in Qubool Hai|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=26 December 2013|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/raqesh-vashisth-replaces-karan-singh-grover-in-qubool-hai/442017-44-124.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131229014606/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/raqesh-vashisth-replaces-karan-singh-grover-in-qubool-hai/442017-44-124.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 December 2013|title=Raqesh Vashisth replaces Karan Singh Grover in 'Qubool Hai'|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=28 December 2013|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/idiotbox/raqesh-vashisth-is-the-new-asad-in-zee-tvs-qubool-hai_149051.html|title=Raqesh Vashisth is the new Asad in Zee TV's 'Qubool Hai'|last=Zee Media Bureau|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=11 January 2014|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><br />
** [[Raqesh Bapat]] replaced Grover as Asad. (2014)<br />
* [[Rishabh Sinha]] as Ayaan Ahmed Khan – Rashid and Shireen's son; Nikhat and Nuzhat's brother; Asad and Najma's half-brother; Humaira's ex-fiancé (2012–13)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Rishabh-out-of-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/19677122.cms|title=Rishabh out of Qubool Hai|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=23 April 2013|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/qubool-hai-s-ayaan-sacked-from-the-tv-show-2013-04-25-1.503986|title='Qubool Hai's' Ayaan sacked from the TV show|publisher=[[Emirates 24/7]]|date=25 April 2013|access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/I-had-no-qualms-in-playing-second-lead-Vikrant/articleshow/20701786.cms|title=I had no qualms in playing second lead: Vikrant|last=Wadhwa|first=Akash |newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=2 June 2014|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Vikrant-Massey-tressed-for-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/20490837.cms|title=Vikrant Massey tressed for Qubool Hai|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=8 June 2013|access-date=23 Jan 2014}}</ref><br />
** [[Vikrant Massey]] replaced Rishabh as Ayaan. (2013)<br />
* [[Ketki Kadam|Ketaki Kadam]] as Humaira Siddiqui Sheikh – Ghafoor and Razia's daughter; Zoya's half-sister; Ayaan's ex-fiancée; Haider's wife (2012–14)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-fame-Ketki-Kadam-in-Banaras-Ka-Bunty/articleshow/38973295.cms|title=Qubool Hai fame Ketki Kadam in Banaras Ka Bunty|last=Tiwari|first=Vijaya |newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=24 July 2014|access-date=2 Feb 2014}}</ref><br />
* [[Mohit Sehgal]] as Haider Sheikh – Zoya's cousin; Humaira's husband (2013–14)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/news-media/gossip-trivia/the-handsome-dashing-mohit-sehgal-makes-an-entry-in-qubool-hai.html|last=Zee Entertainment Enterprises|title=The handsome & dashing, Mohit Sehgal makes an entry in Qubool Hai!|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=10 December 2013|access-date=2 Feb 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224160240/http://www.zeetv.com/news-media/gossip-trivia/the-handsome-dashing-mohit-sehgal-makes-an-entry-in-qubool-hai.html|archive-date=24 December 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Miley-Jab-Hum-Tum-Qubool-Hai-Mohit-Sehgal/articleshow/26201623.cms?|title=Looking forward to work with my friend KSG|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=22 November 2013|access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref><br />
* [[Nisha Nagpal]] as Tanveer Baig aka Begum Sahiba – Asad's childhood friend and lover; Zoya and Sanam's enemy; Rehan and Shashi's mother; Aahil's step-mother. (2013)<br />
** [[Amrapali Gupta]] <br />
*** replaced Nagpal as Tanveer. (2013–15)<br />
**** Suzi Khan as Child Tanveer Baig (2012)<br />
*** as [[Shashi Kapoor]] aka Misbah Sayyed – A terrorist; Tanveer's daughter (2015)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-Amrapali-to-die-and-return-as-her-daughter-in-TV-show/articleshow/46209650.cms|title=Qubool Hai: Amrapali to die and return as her daughter in TV show|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=15 February 2015|access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.asianage.com/tv/playing-villain-tougher-amrapali-gupta-618|title=Playing a villain is tougher|last=Verma|first=Lipika|newspaper=[[The Asian Age]]|date=16 May 2015|access-date=21 May 2015|archive-date=19 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619130556/http://www.asianage.com/tv/playing-villain-tougher-amrapali-gupta-618|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/actress-amrapali-gupta-joins-the-star-cast-of--qubool-hai/385789-44-124.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420020713/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/actress-amrapali-gupta-joins-the-star-cast-of--qubool-hai/385789-44-124.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 April 2013|title=Actress Amrapali Gupta joins the star cast of 'Qubool Hai'|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=16 April 2013|access-date=21 Jan 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140527/entertainment-tvmusic/article/amrapali-gupta-new-mum-screen|title=Amrapali Gupta, the new mum on screen|last=Coutinho|first=Natasha|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=27 May 2014|access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Nish-Nagpal-to-romance-KSG-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/18828167.cms|title=Nish Nagpal to romance KSG in Qubool Hai|last=Bhopatkar|first=Tejashree|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=6 March 2013|access-date=12 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/New-entrants-add-more-lather-to-soap/articleshow/19018639.cms|title=New entrants add more lather to soap|last=Jambhekar|first= Shruti|newspaper= [[The Times Of India]]|date=18 March 2013|access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref><br />
* [[Alka Kaushal]] as Razia Ahmed Siddiqui – Ghafoor's second wife; Humaira's mother<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Alka-Kaushal-returns-as-a-terrorist-to-TV-show/articleshow/47735626.cms|title=Alka Kaushal returns as a terrorist to a TV show|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=20 June 2015|access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="exit"/> (2012–15)<br />
* [[Shalini Kapoor (actress)|Shalini Kapoor]] as Dilshad Ahmed Khan – Rashid's first wife; Asad and Najma's mother<ref name=exit>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Dilshad-Mumani-exit-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/45383158.cms|title=Dilshad, Mumani exit 'Qubool Hai'|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=5 December 2014|access-date=10 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="Indo-Asian News Service">{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/shalini-kapoor-alka-kaushal-exit-qubool-hai/|title=Shalini Kapoor, Alka Kaushal exit 'Qubool Hai'|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[Indian Express]]|date=5 December 2014|access-date=10 December 2014}}</ref> (2012–14)<br />
[[File:Surbhi and Karanvir at Pride Gallantry Awards.jpg|thumb|[[Surbhi Jyoti]] and [[Karanvir Bohra]] in an event]]<br />
* [[Karanvir Bohra]] as<br />
** Aahil Raza Ibrahim – Nawab's son; Tanveer's step-son; Shazia and Nazia's brother; Sanam's husband (2014–15)<br />
** Sahil Qureshi – Nawab Of [[Bhopal]] (2015)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Female-audiences-love-bad-guys-Karanvir-Bohra/articleshow/34008629.cms|title=Female audiences love bad guys: Karanvir Bohra|last=Jambhekar|first=Shruti|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=21 April 2014|access-date=10 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Karanvir-Bohra-Qubool-Hai-Raqesh-Vashisth-Karan-Singh-Grover-Now-Karanvir-Bohra-to-play-the-lead-in-Qubool-Hai/movie-review/33130667.cms|title=Now, Karanvir Bohra to play the lead in Qubool Hai|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date= 3 April 2014|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2014/karavir-bohra-to-play-lead-role-post-leap-qubool-hai-135699.html|title=Qubool Hai: Karanvir Bohra Playing Lead Role Post Leap!|last=Narayan|first=Girija |publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=4 April 2014|access-date=21 Jan 2015}}</ref><br />
* Shehzad Shaikh as Rehan Qureshi – Tanveer's son; Seher's fiancée<ref name=shehzad>{{cite web|url=http://businessofcinema.com/tele/shehzad-shaikh-one-promising-new-comer-television/160243|title=Shehzad Shaikh: One Of The Most Promising New Comer On Television|last=BOC News Network|publisher=Businessofcinema.com|date=12 July 2014|access-date=31 Jan 2015}}</ref> (2014–15)<br />
* [[Surbhi Chandna]] as Haya Qureshi Ansari – Najma and Imran's daughter; Raahat's wife (2014–2015)<br />
* [[Deepak Wadhwa]] as Raahat Ansari – Haya's husband (2014–2015)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/A-honeymoon-finally-for-actor-Deepak-Wadhwa-and-his-wife/articleshow/44752935.cms|title=A honeymoon finally for actor Deepak Wadhwa and his wife!|last=Bhatia|first=Saloni|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=10 October 2014|access-date= 2 Feb 2015}}</ref><br />
* [[Additi Gupta]] as Khan Begum – Sanam's impostor; Naseer, Aahil and Ahsaan's wife; Azaad, Kainaat, Armaan, and Amaad's mother; Aahil's murderer<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Additi-Gupta-to-enter-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/45326046.cms|title=Additi Gupta to enter Qubool Hai|last=Bhatia|first=Saloni|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=1 December 2014|access-date=21 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/I-cant-give-masala-to-audience-Aditi-Gupta/articleshow/45452228.cms|title=I can't give 'masala' to audience: Aditi Gupta|last=Bhopatkar|first=Tejashree|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=10 December 2014|access-date=23 Dec 2014}}</ref> (2014–16)<br />
* [[Varun Toorkey]] as Shaad Aftaab Khan – Sanam's friend and saviour in Pakistan (2015)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.asianage.com/tv/getting-urdu-right-was-tough-365|title=Getting the Urdu right was tough|last=Verma|first=Lipika|newspaper=[[The Asian Age]]|date=4 April 2015|access-date=12 April 2015|archive-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518074135/http://www.asianage.com/tv/getting-urdu-right-was-tough-365|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/gossip-trivia/qubool-hai-shaad-to-propose-jannat-episode-638.html|title=Qubool Hai: Shaad to Propose Jannat|last=Sharma|first=Neeharika|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=9 April 2015|access-date=30 April 2015}}</ref><br />
* [[Avinash Sachdev]] as Armaan Raza Sheikh – Khan Begum's illegitimate son; Azaad, Kainaat and Amaad's half-brother; Mahira's second husband; Jr. Zoya's father (2015–2016)<ref>{{cite news |last= Maheshwri|first= Neha|date= 17 October 2015|title= Hero No. 10 for Qubool Hai|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/in-out-tv-celebs-onboard-quit-or-kicked-out/photostory/47497504.cms |newspaper= [[The Times Of India]]|access-date=18 October 2015 }}</ref><br />
* [[Rajbeer Singh]] as Azaad Iqbal Khan – Khan Begum and Naseer's son; Kainaat and Amaad's brother; Armaan's half-brother; Mahira's first husband <ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiawest.com/entertainment/television/qubool-hai-why-was-rajbeer-singh-replaced-by-avinash-sachdev/article_8ee1f0ee-7cf1-11e5-ab0e-17d3eab08deb.html?mode=jqm|title='Qubool Hai': Why Was Rajbeer Singh Replaced by Avinash Sachdev?|last=Arielle|work=India West|date=28 October 2015|access-date=11 November 2015|archive-date=7 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107005839/http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/qubool-hai-why-was-rajbeer-singh-replaced-by-avinash-sachdev/article_8ee1f0ee-7cf1-11e5-ab0e-17d3eab08deb.html?mode=jqm|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
* [[Ankit Raaj]] as Amaad Iqbal Khan / Munna Rangila – Khan Begum and Naseer Khan's son; Azaad and Kainaat's brother; Armaan's half-brother; Mahira's obsessive lover (2015–2016)<br />
* [[Puja Banerjee]] as Aafreen – A witch; Azaad's ex-wife (2015)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/In-Out-TV-celebs-onboard-quit-or-kicked-out/photostory/49229066.cms|title=Mahadev's Parvati turns daayan in 'Qubool Hai'|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=6 October 2015|access-date=6 October 2015}}</ref><br />
* [[Nitin Sahrawat]] as Star Anand Kumar / Naseer Khan – Khan Begum's husband; Azaad, Kainaat and Amaad's father (2015)<br />
<br />
===Recurring===<br />
* [[Vidya Sinha]] as Badi Bi – Rashid's mother; Asad, Ayaan, Najma, Nikhat and Nuzhat's grandmother<ref name="The Times Of India"/> (2012–2014)<br />
* [[Vaquar Shaikh]] as Rashid Ahmed Khan – Dilshad and Shireen's husband; Asad, Ayaan, Najma, Nikhat, Nuzhat's father<ref name="The Times Of India">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-Catching-all-the-action-behind-the-scenes/articleshow/16991888.cms|title= Qubool Hai: Catching all the action behind the scenes|last=Khan|first=Bushra |newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=29 October 2012|access-date=12 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/A-big-twist-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/18513816.cms|title=A big twist in Qubool Hai|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=15 February 2015|access-date=24 February 2015}}</ref> (2012–2014)<br />
* [[Tej Sapru]] as Ghafoor Ahmed Siddiqui – Razia's husband; Zoya and Humaira's father<ref>{{cite news|url=http://m.hindustantimes.com/television/never-ending-pursuit-of-zoya-in-qubool-hai/article1-1169892.aspx|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150204120323/http://m.hindustantimes.com/television/never-ending-pursuit-of-zoya-in-qubool-hai/article1-1169892.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 February 2015|title=Never ending pursuit of Zoya in Qubool Hai|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=7 January 2014|access-date=24 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Qubool Hai: Will Zoya meet her father ever?|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-Zoya-to-meet-her-father-in-qubool-hai/articleshow/28441909.cms?|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=5 January 2014|access-date=21 February 2015}}</ref> (2012–2014)<br />
* Surabhi Vanzara as Shireen Ahmed Khan – Rashid's second wife; Ayaan, Nikhat, and Nuzhat's mother<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Aleeza-Khan-Harsh-Khurana-Shabnam-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/16364987.cms|title=Aleeza Khan, Harsh Khurana, Shabnam in Qubool Hai|last=Bhopatkar|first=Tejashree|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=12 September 2012|access-date=5 February 2015}}</ref> (2012–2014)<br />
* [[Archana Taide]] as Nikhat Ahmed Khan / Qureshi – Rashid and Shireen's daughter; Ayaan and Nuzhat's sister; Asad and Najma's half-sister; Farhan's ex-wife<ref>{{cite news|url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Archana-gets-to-wear-a-dress-first-time-in-seven-years/articleshow/31111945.cms|title=Archana gets to wear a dress first time in seven years|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=27 February 2014|access-date=23 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Aleeza-Khan-gets-replaced-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/16915335.cms|title=Aleeza Khan gets replaced in Qubool Hai!|last=Times News Network|date=22 October 2012|access-date=5 February 2015|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]}}</ref> (2012–2014)<br />
* [[Nehalaxmi Iyer]] as Najma Ahmed Khan / Qureshi – Dilshad and Rashid's daughter; Asad's sister; Ayaan, Nikhat and Nuzhat's half-sister; Imran's wife<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ww.itimes.com/photo/neha-lakshmi-iyer-karan-singh-grover-along-with-qubool-hai-cast|title=Neha Lakshmi Iyer Karan Singh Grover along with Qubool hai cast|date=22 October 2015|access-date=5 February 2015|publisher=itimes}}</ref> (2012–2014)<br />
* Shweta Kanoje as Chief Dayan (Who Ruled)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/nagpur/tv-actors-ashish-dixit-and-shweta-kanoje-get-married-in-nagpur/articleshow/69566286.cms|title=TV actors Ashish Dixit and Shweta Kanoje get married in Nagpur|website=The Times of India|date=29 May 2019 }}</ref> (2015–2016)<br />
* [[Digangana Suryavanshi]] / Farhina Jarimari as Nuzhat Ahmed Khan – Rashid and Shireen's younger daughter; Ayaan and Nikhat's sister; Asad and Najma's half-sister<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-digangana-ousted-from-qubool-hai-1807896|title=Digangana ousted from 'Qubool Hai'|last=Unnikrishnan|first=Chaya |newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA]]|date=3 March 2013|access-date=25 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Digangana-Suryavanshi-bags-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/16682718.cms|title=Digangana Suryavanshi bags Qubool Hai!|last=Bhopatkar|first=Tejashree|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=5 October 2012|access-date=29 October 2012}}</ref> (2012–2014)<br />
* [[Vikram Singh Chauhan]] as Imraan Qureshi – Najma's husband<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-actor-Vikram-to-feature-in-Banarasi-Babe/articleshow/45157212.cms|title=Qubool Hai actor Vikram to feature in Banarasi Babe<br />
|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=15 Nov 2014|access-date=30 November 2014}}</ref> (2013–2014)<br />
* [[Vishal Nayak]] as Farhaan Qureshi – Sameera and Nikhat's ex-husband<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Vishal-Nayak-to-enter-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/22411757.cms|title=Vishal Nayak to enter Qubool Hai!|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=9 August 2013|access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/gossip-trivia/vishal-nayak-to-enter-qubool-hai.html|title=Vishal Nayak to enter Qubool Hai!|last=Zee Entertainment Enterprises|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=16 September 2013|access-date=9 March 2015}}</ref> (2013–2014)<br />
* Nishi Singh as Haseena Bi – Imran and Farhan's abusive mother (2012–2014)<br />
* [[Sunayana Fozdar]] as Sameera Qureshi – Farhan's first wife<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Sunayana-Fozdar-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/27798278.cms|title=Sunayana Fozdar in Qubool Hai!|last=Bhopatkar|first=Tejashree|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=23 December 2013|access-date=12 March 2014}}</ref> (2012–2014)<br />
* Sangeeta Kapure as Zeenat Farooqui – Zoya's foster sister; Anwar's wife (2012–2014)<br />
* Harsh Vashisht as Anwar Farooqui – Zeenat's husband (2012–2014)<br />
* Melanie Nazareth as Ghazala – Tanveer's sister; Azhar's mother<ref name=anu>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Anushka-Singh-joins-Qubool-Hai-post-leap/articleshow/34628030.cms|title=Anushka Singh joins 'Qubool Hai' post leap|last=Bhopatkar|first=Tejashree|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=4 May 2014|access-date=2 Dec 2014}}</ref> (2014–2016)<br />
* [[Rakesh Bedi]] as Dhurandar Watavdekar – Immigration officer<ref name=toi2>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Juhi-Aslam-Rakesh-Bedi-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/19413191.cms|title=Juhi Aslam & Rakesh Bedi in Qubool Hai|last=Bhopatkar|first=Tejashree|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=6 April 2013|access-date=12 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/news-media/gossip-trivia/amrapali-gupta-and-rakesh-bedi-join-the-cast-of-qubool-hai.html|last=Zee Entertainment Enterprises|title=Amrapali Gupta and Rakesh Bedi join the cast of Qubool Hai|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=22 April 2013|access-date=7 February 2015}}</ref> (2013)<br />
* [[Juhi Aslam]] as Dolly – Dhurandar's assistant<ref name=toi2 /> (2013)<br />
* Puneet Sharma as Faiz Ansari – Raahat's brother; Haya's ex-husband (2014)<br />
* [[Chahatt Khanna]] as Nida Beg – Aahil's best friend<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Chahat-Khanna-Pretty-girls-end-up-as-vamps-in-TV-soaps/articleshow/37254309.cms|title=Chahat Khanna: Pretty girls end up as vamps in TV soaps|last=Jambhekar|first=Shruti |newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=27 June 2014|access-date=31 Jan 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Chahatt-Khanna-Mirza-to-repeat-her-mean-girl-act/articleshow/36889653.cms|title=Chahatt Khanna Mirza to repeat her mean girl act|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=21 June 2014|access-date=2 Dec 2014}}</ref> (2014)<br />
* Kinjal Pandya / Kamya Choudhary as Shazia Raza Ibrahim – Nawab's daughter; Aahil and Nazia's sister (2014–2015)<br />
* Shahina Surve / Ankita Bahuguna / [[Saanvi Talwar]] as Nazia Raza Ibrahim – Nawab's daughter; Aahil and Shazia's sister)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Saanvi-Talwar-is-the-new-Nazia-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/47541639.cms|title=Saanvi Talwar is the new Nazia in Qubool Hai|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=4 June 2014|access-date=5 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/gossip-trivia/qubool-hai-new-sanam-drugs-aahils-sister-nazia-episode-647-precap.html|title=Qubool Hai:New Sanam Drugs Aahil's Sister Nazia|last=Sharma|first=Neeharika|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=20 April 2015|access-date=30 April 2015}}</ref> (2014–2015)<br />
* Kashish Vohra as Kainaat Khan (2015–2016) (Khan Begum and Naseer Khan's daughter; Sameer's wife)<br />
* [[Shubhashish Jha]] (2015–2016) as Sameer (Afreen's brother; Kainaat's husband)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/In-Out-TV-celebs-onboard-quit-or-kicked-out/photostory/49056911.cms|title=Shubhashish Jha to enter Zee TV's 'Qubool Hai|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|access-date=25 September 2015}}</ref><br />
* [[Namik Paul (actor)|Namik Paul]] (2015) / [[Rohan Gandotra]] (2015–2016) as Ahsaan (Armaan's best friend, Khan Begum's third husband)<ref>{{cite news|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Rohan-Gandotra-to-play-Additis-third-husband-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/50029457.cms |title = Rohan Gandotra to play Additi's third husband in Qubool Hai |newspaper =The Times Of India|author=Saloni Bhatia|date=4 December 2015|access-date=11 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2016-05-08/From-nobody-to-somebody/226680|title=From nobody to somebody|publisher=[[The Hans India]]|access-date=8 Mar 2016}}</ref><br />
* Divy Nidhi Sharma as Azhar – Ghazala and Razzaq's son; Asma's husband (2014)<br />
* Himani Sharma as Dr. Asma – Azhar's wife (2014)<br />
* [[Anushka Singh]] (2014) as Munisa – Shoaib's wife<ref name="anu"/><br />
* Peeyush Suhaaney (2014) as Shoaib (Munisa's husband)<ref name="anu"/><br />
* [[Paaras Madaan]] (2014) as Anwar Khan (Sanam's ex-fiancé)<br />
* Sujata Vaishnav (2014) as Rozy (Seher aka Sunehri's crime partner)<br />
* Sunil Nagar (2014) as Shishupal (Seher aka Sunehri's crime partner)<br />
* [[Aashish Kaul]] (2015) as Nawab Raza Ibrahim – Aahil, Shazia and Nazia's father<br />
* Niyati Joshi (2014) as Mrs. Ibrahim (Dadi) (Aahil's grandmother)<br />
* [[Aakash Ahuja]] (2015) as Saif (Shashi Kapoor's brother, Nazia's fiancé)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/gossip-trivia/qubool-hai-saif-wants-to-marry-new-sanam-episode-653-precap.html|title=Qubool Hai: Saif Wants to Marry New Sanam|last=Sharma|first=Neeharika|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=28 April 2015|access-date=30 April 2015}}</ref><br />
* Chayan Trivedi (2014–2015) as Razzaq (Ghazala's husband)<ref name="anu"/><br />
* Deepak Dutta (2015) as Aftaab Khan (Shaad's father)<br />
* Seema Chaudhary (2015) as Wahida (Shaad's paternal aunt)<br />
* Tithi Raaj (2015) as Misbah Sayyed, (Wahida's daughter)<br />
* [[Dolly Minhas]] (2015–2016) as Badi Ammi (Ahsaan's grandmother)<br />
* Alka Mogha (2015) as Fareeda (Ahsaan's mother)<br />
* Shivansh Kotia (2015–2016) as Imtiaz (Ahsaan's son)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/in-out-tv-celebs-onboard-quit-or-kicked-out/photostory/47497504.cms|title =Shivansh Kotia enters Qubool Hai|newspaper =The Times Of India|access-date=11 December 2015}}</ref><br />
* Kaivalya Chheda (2015) as Mahira's father<br />
* [[Akshay Kumar]] (2014) as Viraat Bakshi<br />
* [[Asha Negi]] (2014) as Purvi Deshmukh Kirloskar<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
===Casting===<br />
{{gallery|width=140|align=center|title=Main cast of ''Qubool Hai''|File:Karan Singh Grover at Jos Restaurant.jpg|[[Karan Singh Grover]]|File:Surbhi Jyoti at Television Style Awards.jpg|[[Surbhi Jyoti]]|File:Karanvir Bohra at Nikitin Dheer's wedding reception.jpg|[[Karanvir Bohra]]||[[Raqesh Bapat]]|File:Most Sehgal at ITA..jpg|[[Mohit Sehgal]]|File:Aamrapali Gupta, Yash Sinha at Raakesh Paswan’s party for his show Afsar Bitiya (cropped).jpg|[[Amrapali Gupta]]|File:Varuntoorkey.jpg|[[Varun Toorkey]]|File:Surbhi Chandna at the 25th SOL Lions Gold Awards 2018.jpg|[[Surbhi Chandna]]||[[Avinash Sachdev]]|File:Rajbeer Singh.jpg|[[Rajbeer Singh]]}}<br />
<br />
The show has been written and created by [[Mrinal Jha]] and directed by [[Gul Khan (producer)|Gul Khan]] under the banner of [[4 Lions Films]].<ref>{{cite news |last= Express Features Service|date= 9 August 2013 |title= Her name is Khan|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/her-name-is-khan-3/ |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=12 July 2014 }}</ref> [[Karan Singh Grover]] was the first to sign onto the show.<ref>{{cite news|title=I'm not going to remove my shirt in this show: KSG|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news-interviews/Im-not-going-to-remove-my-shirt-in-this-show-KSG/articleshow/16991712.cms|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=29 October 2012|access-date=31 July 2014}}</ref> He made his comeback to fiction with Qubool Hai.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com2">{{cite news|title=Karan Singh Grover in Zee's Qubool Hai!|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tv/Karan-Singh-Grover-in-Zees-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/16233762.cms |last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]| date = 3 September 2012 | access-date = 13 October 2012 }}</ref> Grover was paid Rs. 20 lakhs per month because of his "formidable female fan base."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://m.hindustantimes.com/television/small-screen-fat-pay-cheques/article1-1102197.aspx|title=Small screen, fat pay cheques|last=Awaasthi|first=Kavita|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=4 August 2013|access-date=12 May 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619201645/http://www.hindustantimes.com/television/small-screen-fat-pay-cheques/article1-1102197.aspx}}</ref> Punjabi actress [[Surbhi Jyoti]] landed in lead role opposite Karan Singh Grover in the show.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-the-new-show-on-Zee-TV/articleshow/16697108.cms|title=Qubool Hai- the new show on Zee TV<br />
|last=Jha|first=Sumit|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=6 October 2012|access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref> [[Rishabh Sinha]] was finalised to be the second lead.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/television/rishabh-sinha-in-awe-of-karan-singh-grover-609233|title=Rishabh Sinha in awe of Karan Singh Grover|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|publisher=[[NDTV]]|date=10 December 2012|access-date=22 Dec 2014}}</ref> In April 2013, he was replaced by [[Vikrant Massey]] due to some reasons.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/television/vikrant-massey-replaces-rishabh-sinha-in-qubool-hai/article1-1054654.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217132033/http://www.hindustantimes.com/television/vikrant-massey-replaces-rishabh-sinha-in-qubool-hai/article1-1054654.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 February 2015|title=Vikrant Massey replaces Rishabh Sinha in Qubool Hai|last=Awaasthi|first=Kavita|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=4 May 2013|access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/idiotbox/vikrant-massey-struggles-with-hairstyle_136255.html|title=Vikrant Massey struggles with hairstyle|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=7 June 2013|access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref> [[Nisha Nagpal]] entered the show as the main antagonist in November 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/news-media/gossip-trivia/nisha-nagpal-enters-qubool-hai-opposite-karan-singh-grover.html|title=NISHA NAGPAL enters Qubool Hai opposite Karan Singh Grover|last=Zee Entertainment Enterprises|date=6 March 2013|access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref> Later Nisha was replaced by [[Amrapali Gupta]] in April 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Amrapali-Gupta-replaces-Nisha-Nagpal-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/19291080.cms|title=Amrapali Gupta replaces Nisha Nagpal in Qubool Hai|last=Bhopatkar|first=Tejashree|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=30 March 2013}}</ref> In November 2013, as Vikrant Massey quit the show [[Mohit Sehgal]] joined the star cast of Qubool Hai as the second lead.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Mohit-enters-as-Vikrant-leaves-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/26044411.cms|title=Mohit enters as Vikrant leaves Qubool Hai|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=20 November 2013|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/idiotbox/surprise-in-store-for-qubool-hai-fans_146669.html|title=Surprise in store for 'Qubool Hai' fans!|last=Zee Media Bureau|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=22 November 2013|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref> In January 2014, [[Karan Singh Grover]] was replaced by [[Raqesh Bapat]] as the male lead.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/very-nervous-at-play-asad-s-role-raqesh-vashisth/article1-1171209.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402144042/http://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/very-nervous-at-play-asad-s-role-raqesh-vashisth/article1-1171209.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 April 2015|title=Very nervous at play Asad's role: Raqesh Vashisth|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=10 January 2014|access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.ibtimes.co.in/raqesh-vashisth-to-take-on-karan-singh-grovers-role-in-qubool-hai-531995|title=Raqesh Vashisth to Take on Karan Singh Grover's Role in 'Qubool Hai'|last=Bhowmik|first=Arjita|website=[[International Business Times]]|date=28 December 2013|access-date=21 March 2015}}</ref> In March 2014, the makers Qubool Hai decided to introduce a 22-year leap<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/screen/qubool-hai-to-have-a-time-leap/|title=Qubool Hai to have a time leap|last=Kanabar|first=Ankita|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=11 April 2014|access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref> in the series showcasing a new generation with [[Karanvir Bohra]] in the role of Aahil Raza Ibrahim<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/screen/karanvir-bohras-tony-stark-inspired-character-for-qubool-hai/|title=Karanvir Bohra's Tony Stark-inspired character for Qubool Hai|last=Kanabar|first=Ankita|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=2 May 2014|access-date=5 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/TV-heartthrobs-make-a-soapy-comeback/articleshow/34886647.cms|title=TV heartthrobs make a soapy comeback|last=Patel|first= Ano|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|date=10 May 2014|access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref> and Surbhi Jyoti as Sanam Ahmed Khan and Seher Ahmed Khan, daughters of Asad and Zoya.<ref name="Maheshwri"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://m.hindustantimes.com/television/surbhi-jyoti-closer-to-raqesh-than-karan-singh-grover/article1-1211260.aspx|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150131092234/http://m.hindustantimes.com/television/surbhi-jyoti-closer-to-raqesh-than-karan-singh-grover/article1-1211260.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=31 January 2015|title=Surbhi Jyoti closer to Raqesh than Karan Singh Grover|last=Awaasthi|first=Kavita|date=23 April 2014|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|access-date=31 January 2015}}</ref> After the 22 year leap was introduced in the show, entire cast of the show was changed except Surbhi Jyoti and Amrapali Gupta.<ref name="Maheshwri">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Raqesh-Vashisth-quits-Qubool-Hai-Surbhi-stays-back/articleshow/32676666.cms|title=Raqesh Vashisth quits Qubool Hai, Surbhi stays back|last=Maheshwri|first= Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=25 March 2014|access-date=25 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Amrapali-Gupta-aka-Tanveer-is-back-on-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/35848782.cms|title=Amrapali Gupta aka Tanveer is back on Qubool Hai|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=31 May 2014|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref> Consequently, [[Karanvir Bohra]] entered the show as the male lead to star alongside Surbhi Jyoti<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-my-role-is-like-that-of-james-dean-karanvir-bohra-1978263|title=My role is like that of James Dean: Karanvir Bohra|last=Unnikrishnan|first=Chaya|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=15 April 2014|access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Karanvir-Bohra-to-enter-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/33078197.cms|title=Karanvir Bohra to enter 'Qubool Hai'?|last=Jambhekar|first=Shruti|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=2 April 2014|access-date=22 April 2015}}</ref> and Shehzad Shaikh as the parallel lead.<ref name="shehzad"/> [[Chahatt Khanna]] entered the show as the parallel antangonist somewhere in the end of June 2014 but soon quit the show for some health reasons.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Chahatt-Khanna-Mirza-out-of-action-after-a-cat-bites-her/articleshow/38743709.cms|title=Chahatt Khanna Mirza out of action after a cat bites her|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=20 July 2014|access-date=9 March 2015}}</ref> After [[Shalini Kapoor (actress)|Shalini Kapoor's]] and [[Alka Kaushal]]'s exit from the series [[Additi Gupta]] made an entry in the show as the main antangonist.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Small-screen-hotties-are-back-after-a-break/articleshow/46121032.cms|title=Small screen hotties are back after a break|last=Jambhekar|first=Shruti|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=5 February 2015|access-date=9 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Additi-Gupta-is-enjoying-playing-a-witch/articleshow/46735748.cms|title=Additi Gupta is enjoying playing a witch|last=Bhatia|first=Saloni|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=30 March 2015|access-date=31 March 2015}}</ref> The show underwent a revamp in first week of March 2015 and Varun Toorkey was roped to star opposite Surbhi Jyoti.<ref name=varun>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/TV-show-Qubool-Hai-to-undergo-a-revamp/articleshow/46309269.cms|title=TV show Qubool Hai to undergo a revamp|last=Bhatia|first=Saloni|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=20 February 2015|access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref> The makers of the show have starred 7 male actors opposite Surbhi Jyoti.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/television/Romancing-Seven-Actors-for-One-Show-Tough-Surbhi-Jyoti/2015/05/18/article2820961.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525072132/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/television/Romancing-Seven-Actors-for-One-Show-Tough-Surbhi-Jyoti/2015/05/18/article2820961.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 May 2015|title=Romancing Seven Actors for One Show Tough: Surbhi Jyoti|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=18 May 2015|access-date=25 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Surbhi-Jyoti-Romancing-seven-actors-for-one-show-tough/articleshow/47327858.cms|title=Surbhi Jyoti: Romancing seven actors for one show tough|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=18 May 2015|access-date=25 May 2015}}</ref> In 2015, Karanvir Bohra quit the show, as he was not convinced with the show taking a 20-year leap and [[Harshad Arora]] was finalised as the new lead opposite Surbhi Jyoti.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/In-Out-TV-celebs-onboard-quit-or-kicked-out/photostory/48253255.cms|title=Harshad Arora to enter Qubool Hai as the new lead|last= Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=26 July 2015|access-date=1 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Indiatoday.in|date= 29 July 2015|title= Qubool Hai to take 20-year leap, Harshad Arora to replace Karanvir Bohra|url=http://m.indiatoday.in/story/qubool-hai-to-take-20-year-leap-karanvir-bohra-to-quit-harshad-arora-roped-in-surbhi-jyoti-zee-tv/1/454929.html |newspaper= [[India Today]]|access-date= 12 August 2015}}</ref> Amrapali Gupta's character was also shown getting killed, prior to the leap.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/in-out-tv-celebs-onboard-quit-or-kicked-out/photostory/47497504.cms|title=Amrapali's role in Zee TV's 'Qubool Hai' comes to an end|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|access-date=10 August 2015}}</ref> However, later Arora was replaced by [[Rajbeer Singh]] as Azaad due to some creative differences as the channel thought that Arora looked young for the role.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/in-out-tv-celebs-onboard-quit-or-kicked-out/photostory/47497504.cms|title=Harshad Arora quits, Rajbeer Singh steps in|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=13 August 2015|access-date=15 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/qubool-hai-surbhi-jyoti-to-now-romance-rajbeer-singh-not/article_3fd92eb8-406f-11e5-8ccd-3b5fc4ac48e6.html|title='Qubool Hai': Surbhi Jyoti to Now Romance Rajbeer Singh, Not Harshad Arora|last=Arielle|newspaper=India West|date=11 August 2015|access-date=15 August 2015|archive-date=14 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150814121116/http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/qubool-hai-surbhi-jyoti-to-now-romance-rajbeer-singh-not/article_3fd92eb8-406f-11e5-8ccd-3b5fc4ac48e6.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Post the leap, Surbhi Jyoti and Additi Gupta were the only faces from the former cast of the show which were retained.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.ibtimes.co.in/qubool-hai-take-20-years-leap-karanvir-bohra-aka-aahil-be-axed-640618|title='Qubool Hai' to Take 20-Year Leap; Karanvir Bohra aka Aahil to be Axed?|last=Goswami|first=Parismita|website=[[International Business Times]]|date=27 July 2015|access-date=19 August 2015}}</ref> Jyoti played Mahira<ref>{{cite news |last= [[Press Trust Of India]]|date=19 August 2015 |title= Surbhi Jyoti sports dental braces for new look in show|url=http://www.abplive.in/tv/2015/08/19/article689288.ece/Surbhi-Jyoti-sports-dental-braces-for-new-look-in-show|publisher=[[ABP News]] |access-date= 22 August 2015}}</ref> and Gupta played Nawab Begum/Khan Begum.<ref>{{cite news |last= Maheshwri|first= Neha|date=14 August 2015 |title= Additi Gupta plays mother to an older actor|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Additi-Gupta-plays-mother-to-an-older-actor/articleshow/48467257.cms |newspaper= [[The Times Of India]]|access-date= 22 August 2015}}</ref> Ankit Raj entered the show as one of the leads.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/In-Out-TV-celebs-onboard-quit-or-kicked-out/photostory/48329246.cms|title=Fresh Faces Ankit Raj and Randeep Malik to enter 'Qubool Hai'|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=15 July 2015|access-date=12 August 2015}}</ref><br />
Later in first week of October 2015, [[Pooja Bose]] was signed in to play the role of a witch, Afreen.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/pooja-banerjee-takes-on-witchs-avatar-for-qubool-hai/|title= Pooja Banerjee takes a witch avatar|last=The Express News Service|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=6 October 2015|access-date=17 October 2015}}</ref> In mid-October 2015, [[Avinash Sachdev]] joined the cast of the show as the 10 male lead opposite Surbhi Jyoti.<br />
<br />
===Shooting locations===<br />
''Qubool Hai'' first aired on 29 October 2012 on [[Zee TV]]. Most of its shooting is done in [[Bhopal]] and [[Mumbai]]. The Ajmer Special Episode of the show was shot in [[Ajmer]].<ref name=mob>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Karan-Singh-Grover-Surbhi-Jyoti-get-mobbed-in-Rajasthan/articleshow/20797955.cms|title=Karan Singh Grover & Surbhi Jyoti get mobbed in Rajasthan!|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=27 June 2013|access-date=27 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2013/qubool-hai-asad-zoya-reunite-at-ajmer-dargah-113594.html|title=Qubool Hai: Asad and Zoya reunite in Ajmer Dargah|last=Narayan|first=Girija |publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=4 July 2013|access-date=4 July 2013}}</ref> A sad separation scene between Asad and Zoya in the Ajmer Special episode was shot in the sand dunes at [[Pushkar]] in [[Ajmer]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-sad-scene-shoot-in-Pushkar/articleshow/20742866.cms|title='Qubool Hai' sad scene shoot in Pushkar|last=Shukla|first=Richa|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=25 June 2013|access-date=17 Feb 2015}}</ref> [[Karan Singh Grover]] was mobbed by the crowd during outdoor shoots of the show, once in [[Bhopal]],<ref name=stalked>{{Cite news|title=Who stalked Karan Singh Grover|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news-interviews/Who-stalked-Karan-Singh-Grover/articleshow/17100681.cms|last=Jha|first=Sumit| newspaper = [[The Times of India]] | date = 6 November 2012|access-date = 13 December 2012}}</ref> and once in [[Rajasthan]] with [[Surbhi Jyoti]].<ref name="mob"/> The episode of Asad and Zoya's marriage was shot at the [[Taj Mahal]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/A-biryani-treat-for-Qubool-Hai-viewers/articleshow/30574632.cms|title=A biryani treat for Qubool Hai viewers|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=17 Feb 2014|access-date=17 Feb 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/idiotbox/zee-tvs-asad-zoya-to-say-qubool-hai-at-the-taj-mahal_150314.html|title=Zee TV's Asad, Zoya to say 'Qubool Hai' at the Taj Mahal|author=Zee Media Bureau|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=5 February 2014|access-date=5 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/video/qubool-hai-episode-341-february-14-2014-full-episode.html|title=Qubool Hai-14 Feb 2014|series=Qubool Hai|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=14 February 2014|access-date=13 May 2015}}</ref> The McLeod Ganj Special episodes have been shot at [[McLeod Ganj]] in [[Himachal Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abplive.in/video/2015/05/10/article582595.ece/Qubool-Hai-team-reaches-Himachals-McLeod-Ganj|title=Qubool Hai team reaches Himachal's McLeod Ganj|last=Gupta|first=Aarti|publisher=[[ABP News]]|date=5 May 2015|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/When-nuns-stumped-Karanvir-Bohra/articleshow/47243834.cms|title=When nuns stumped Karanvir Bohra|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=12 May 2015|access-date=13 May 2015}}</ref> In Mcleodganj while shooting [[Karanvir Bohra]] was left stumped when he stumbled upon a group of nuns declaring themselves as his ‘ardent fan followers’.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/when-nuns-stumped-karanvir-bohra/|title=When nuns stumped Karanvir Bohra|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=11 May 2015|access-date=26 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abplive.in/tv/2015/05/12/article584314.ece/When-nuns-stumped-Karanvir-Bohra|title=When nuns stumped Karanvir Bohra|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|publisher=[[ABP News]]|date=12 May 2015|access-date=26 May 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Special scenes===<br />
The series has shot many scenes which resemble some of the scenes from [[Bollywood]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/TVs-copycat-scenes-from-Bollywood/articleshow/45531043.cms|title=TV's copycat scenes from Bollywood|last=Patel|first=Ano|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=16 December 2014|access-date=7 February 2015}}</ref> In October 2014, Surbhi Jyoti shot a Human Bomb sequence similar to the one enacted by [[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]] in ''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-Surbhi-Jyoti-to-shoot-a-Human-Bomb-sequence/articleshow/45214835.cms|title=Qubool Hai: Surbhi Jyoti to shoot a Human Bomb sequence|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=20 November 2014|access-date=7 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/video/qubool-hai-episode-539-november-20-2014.html|title=Qubool Hai-Episode 539-21 November 2015|series=Qubool Hai|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=21 November 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> In an episode of December 2014, Surbhi Jyoti performed a mujra on the song ''Dil Mera Muft Ka''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-Surbhi-Jyoti-all-set-to-present-a-Mujra/articleshow/45613697.cms|title=Qubool Hai: Surbhi Jyoti all set to present a Mujra|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=23 December 2014|access-date=7 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/television/watch-surbhi-jyoti-s-mujra-on-qubool-hai/article1-1299518.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518143156/http://www.hindustantimes.com/television/watch-surbhi-jyoti-s-mujra-on-qubool-hai/article1-1299518.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 May 2015|title=Watch Surbhi Jyoti's mujra on Qubool Hai|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=23 December 2014|access-date=7 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/video/qubool-hai-episode-562-december-22-2014.html|title=Qubool Hai-Episode 562-22 December 2014|series=Qubool Hai|network=[[Zee TV]]|date= 22 December 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> [[Surbhi Jyoti]]'s character was married 10 times.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Surbhis-10-weddings-in-qubool-hai/articleshow/48133167.cms|title=Surbhi's 10 weddings|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=20 July 2015|access-date=1 August 2015}}</ref> In June 2015, Karanvir Bohra and Surbhi Jyoti dressed as tribals for a scene.<ref>{{cite news |last= Maheshwri|first= Neha|date= 10 June 2015|title= Karanvir and Surbhi turn tribals|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Karanvir-and-Surbhi-turn-tribals/articleshow/47600488.cms |newspaper=[[The Times Of India]] |access-date=12 July 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Narayan |first=Girija |date=10 June 2015 |title= Karanvir and Surbhi turn into tribals|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2015/qubool-hai-aahil-jannat-become-tribals-jungle-186246.html |publisher=[[Oneindia.in]] |access-date=12 July 2015 }}</ref><br />
<br />
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<br />
==History==<br />
===Controversies===<br />
In 2013<ref name=apo>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/TV-soaps-to-apologise-for-inappropriate-contents/articleshow/21366875.cms|title=TV soaps to apologise for 'inappropriate' contents|last=Bhatia|first=Saloni|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=27 July 2013|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/video/qubool-hai-watch-full-episode-89-of-28th-february-2013.html|title=Qubool Hai February 28 2013 episode|series=Qubool Hai|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=28 Feb 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode|url=http://video.india.com/romantic-drama/full/25442/1/qubool-hai-14-june-episode-165.html|title=Qubool Hai - Episode 165 - June 14, 2013|series=Qubool Hai|network=[[Zee TV]]|publisher=India.com|date=14 June 2013}}</ref> and in 2015<ref name="Bhatia">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Channels-asked-to-run-apology-scroll-for-airing-violent-content/articleshow/46147045.cms|title=Channels asked to run apology scroll for airing violent content|last=Bhatia|first= Saloni|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=7 February 2015|access-date=7 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/video/qubool-hai-episode-507-october-7-2014.html|title=Qubool Hai-Episode 507-7 October 2014|series=Qubool Hai|network=[[Zee TV]]|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=7 October 2014}}</ref> the Broadcasting Content Complaints Council required the broadcaster to run notices across the screen because of scenes of torture and excessive violence against women that were aired on the show.<br />
<br />
In October 2013, there were rumours of [[Karan Singh Grover]] quitting the show, but Grover rubbished those rumours.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.ibnlive.com/news/not-quitting-qubool-hai-says-karan-singh-grover/429281-44-124.html|title=Not quitting 'Qubool Hai': Karan Singh Grover|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|work=IBNlive|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=19 October 2013|access-date=12 April 2015|archive-date=13 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213104056/http://m.ibnlive.com/news/not-quitting-qubool-hai-says-karan-singh-grover/429281-44-124.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-Karan-Singh-Grover-Zee-TV/articleshow/24884770.cms?|title=I am not leaving Qubool Hai: Karan Singh Grover|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=29 October 2013|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> However, in December 2013, the channel of the show asked Grover to leave the show citing alleged unprofessional behaviour and lack of commitment towards the show.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.ibnlive.com/news/qubool-hai-karan-singh-grover-asked-to-leave-the-show/441827-44-124.html|title=Qubool Hai:Karan Singh Grover asked to leave the show|last=[[Press Trust Of India]]|work=IBNlive|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=27 December 2013|access-date=9 February 2015|archive-date=9 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209114854/http://m.ibnlive.com/news/qubool-hai-karan-singh-grover-asked-to-leave-the-show/441827-44-124.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/television/karan-singh-grover-dropped-from-qubool-hai-for-unprofessional-behaviour-636778|title=Karan Singh Grover dropped from Qubool Hai for 'unprofessional behaviour'|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|publisher=[[NDTV]]|date=27 December 2013|access-date=11 February 2015}}</ref> Grover stated that he completed the length of time with the show, and has been looking to quit the show ever since his contract expired but stayed on due to his good bonding with the production house, he also stated that he was ill and that he needed time off, he further mentioned that he could file a defamation case over the statements that had been made about him.<ref>{{cite news|title=I could file defamation suit against Qubool Hai makers: Karan Singh Grover|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/television/i-could-file-defamation-suit-against-qubool-hai-makers-karan-singh-grover/article1-1167196.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228185726/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/television/i-could-file-defamation-suit-against-qubool-hai-makers-karan-singh-grover/article1-1167196.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 December 2013|last=Awaasthi|first=Kavita|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|access-date= 31 July 2014}}</ref> Fans protested to bring Grover back on to the show.<ref name="fans"/> In May 2014, Grover joined [[4 Lions Films]] as a co-producer of the show.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-Karan-Singh-Grover-turns-producer/articleshow/33440442.cms?|title=Karan Singh Grover to turn producer?|last=Jambhekar|first=Shruti|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=8 April 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> He came back on the sets which irked the channel.<ref>{{cite web|title=Photos: Karan Singh Grover On Qubool Hai Sets With Karanvir And Gul Khan!|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2014/karan-singh-grover-qubool-hai-sets-karanvir-gul-khan-137174.html|last=Narayan|first=Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=22 April 2014|access-date=31 July 2014|archive-date=23 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140423014409/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/television/news/2014/karan-singh-grover-qubool-hai-sets-karanvir-gul-khan-137174.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-TV-zee-tv-unhappy-with-karan-singh-grovers-recent-visit-on-qabool-hain-set-4585644-PHO.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522133552/http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-TV-zee-tv-unhappy-with-karan-singh-grovers-recent-visit-on-qabool-hain-set-4585644-PHO.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 May 2015|title=Zee TV unhappy with Karan Singh Grover's recent visit on Qabool Hain set?|last=Jain|first=Kiran|work=dailybhaskar |date=18 April 2014 |access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> Grover's exit caused a sizeable drop in the viewership figures of the show.<ref name=auto>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Why-TV-stars-say-I-QUIT/articleshow/38485489.cms|title=Why TV stars say 'I QUIT'|last=Jambhekar|first=Shruti|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=17 July 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the last week of March 2015, [[Karanvir Bohra]] decided to quit the show.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Karanvir-Bohra-quits-2-shows-in-24-hours/articleshow/46553943.cms|title=Karanvir Bohra quits 2 shows in 24 hours|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=14 March 2015|access-date=7 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/qubool-hai-after-karan-singh-grover-raqesh-vashisth-karanvir-bohra-quits-show-626012|title='Qubool Hai': After Karan Singh Grover and Raqesh Vashisth, Karanvir Bohra Quits the Show|last=Sarkar|first=Prarthna|website=[[International Business Times]]|date=12 March 2015|access-date=7 April 2015}}</ref> Karanvir said that he was not convinced with the show taking a leap in Season 3.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/why-did-karanvir-bohra-quit-zee-tv-s-qubool-hai/article_801473f6-c8ed-11e4-bf5d-c3a95cbeadc8.html|title=Why Did Karanvir Bohra Quit Zee TV's 'Qubool Hai'?|last=India West Staff|newspaper=India West|date=12 March 2015|access-date=1 April 2015|archive-date=23 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623060032/http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/why-did-karanvir-bohra-quit-zee-tv-s-qubool-hai/article_801473f6-c8ed-11e4-bf5d-c3a95cbeadc8.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2015/after-karan-singh-grover-raqesh-vashisht-karanvir-bohra-quits-qubool-hai-176541.html|title=After Karan Singh Grover And Raqesh Vashisht, Karanvir Bohra Quits Qubool Hai!|last=Narayan|first= Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=12 March 2015|access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref> The actor was of the opinion that the storyline was about Aahil and Sanam but the former character did not fit in the third season.<ref>{{cite news|last= Arielle|date= 31 March 2015|title= Revealed: Why Did Karanvir Bohra Really Leave 'Qubool Hai'?|url= http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/revealed-why-did-karanvir-bohra-really-leave-qubool-hai/article_06b17572-d7fc-11e4-a651-cb3147864475.html?mode=jqm|newspaper= India West|access-date= 4 April 2015|archive-date= 6 October 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171006012245/http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/revealed-why-did-karanvir-bohra-really-leave-qubool-hai/article_06b17572-d7fc-11e4-a651-cb3147864475.html?mode=jqm|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-TV-omg-after-karan-singh-grover-and-raqesh-vashist-karanvir-bohra-also-quits-qubool-4932251-NOR.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318053405/http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-TV-omg-after-karan-singh-grover-and-raqesh-vashist-karanvir-bohra-also-quits-qubool-4932251-NOR.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 March 2015|title="I don't see myself fitting in the season 3", says Karanvir Bohra on quitting Qubool Hai|last=Jain|first=Kiran|publisher=Dailybhaskar|date=14 March 2015|access-date=14 April 2015}}</ref> Since the role was not exciting enough and the TRPs low, Karanvir chose to call it quits.<ref name=KVB>{{cite news|date= 1 April 2015|title= Controversial exits from TV shows|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/controversial-exits-from-tv-shows/photostory/28347437.cms|newspaper= [[The Times Of India]]|access-date=5 April 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= India Today Team|date= 13 March 2015|title=Karanvir Bohra aka Aahil quits Zee TV's show Qubool Hai |url= http://indiatoday.in/story/karanvir-bohra-aka-aahil-quits-qubool-hai-zee-tv/1/423752.html|newspaper=[[India Today]] |access-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref> Fans also started an online petition on for him to stay back at [[Change.org]]<ref name= petition>{{cite news|url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/karanvir-bohra-respects-fans-wishes-stays-as-lead-in-qubool/article_b9b55b26-dcb5-11e4-9332-075074c635d7.html?mode=jqm|title=Karanvir Bohra Respects Fans' Wishes, Stays as Lead in 'Qubool Hai'|last=Arielle|newspaper=India West|date=6 April 2015|access-date=12 April 2015|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045401/http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/karanvir-bohra-respects-fans-wishes-stays-as-lead-in-qubool/article_b9b55b26-dcb5-11e4-9332-075074c635d7.html?mode=jqm|url-status=dead}}</ref> His co-star [[Surbhi Jyoti]] also requested him to stay back.<ref name="petition"/> There were also rumours of him being insecure about the length of his role and his male co-stars.<ref>{{cite web |last=Narayan |first= Girija |date= 3 April 2015|title= Karanvir Bohra Not Quitting Qubool Hai!|url= http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2015/karanvir-bohra-not-quitting-qubool-hai-178856.html|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|access-date=4 April 2015 }}</ref> However, later he decided to return to the show on his fans demands after making some alterations to the script.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.mid-day.com/articles/when-tv-stars-made-crucial-decisions-for-fans-sake/16568183|title=When TV stars made crucial decisions for fans' sake|work=mid-day|date=29 September 2015 }}</ref> He confirmed with ''[[The Times Of India]]'' that he had a meeting with the production house and they convinced him to stay back.<ref>{{cite news |last=Maheshwri |first= Neha|date= 3 April 2015|title=Why Karanvir Bohra returned to 'Qubool Hai'? |url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Why-Karanvir-Bohra-returned-to-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/46784579.cms|newspaper= [[The Times Of India]]|access-date= 5 April 2015}}</ref> In July, Bohra quit the show as the production house of the show planned a 20 years leap.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/qubool-hai-takes--year-leap-karanvir-bohra-quits/article_513e84d0-3572-11e5-87e3-47c40695012b.html?mode=jqm|title='Qubool Hai' Takes 20-Year Leap; Karanvir Bohra Quits|last=Arielle|newspaper=India West|date=29 July 2015|access-date=29 July 2015|archive-date=6 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106010810/https://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/qubool-hai-takes--year-leap-karanvir-bohra-quits/article_513e84d0-3572-11e5-87e3-47c40695012b.html?mode=jqm|url-status=dead}}</ref> He confirmed that "He doesn't do replacements and leaps by policy. When they told him about the leap, he decided to step down".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/In-Out-TV-celebs-onboard-quit-or-kicked-out/photostory/48238180.cms|title=Karanvir quits Qubool Hai as the show goes in for a 20-year leap|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=28 July 2015|access-date=29 July 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Accidents===<br />
In July 2014, the sets of Qubool Hai caught fire however there was no loss of life in the fire accident.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/fire-on-the-sets-on-qubool-hai/15463198|title=Fire on the sets on 'Qubool Hai'|last=Tarannum|first=Asira|newspaper=[[Mid-Day]]|date=21 July 2014|access-date=17 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.naidunia.com/entertainment/television-fire-on-the-sets-on-qubool-hai-145337|title=Fire on the sets of 'Qubool Hai'|last=Editorial Team|newspaper=[[Nai Duniya]]|date=21 July 2014|access-date=17 June 2015}}</ref> In June 2014, actress [[Surbhi Jyoti]] accidentally herself cut her wrist while shooting, in spite of the injury she continued shooting.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-TV-surbhi-jyoti-hurts-herself-on-the-set-of-qabool-hain-4623103-NOR.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150618155924/http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/ENT-TV-surbhi-jyoti-hurts-herself-on-the-set-of-qabool-hain-4623103-NOR.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 June 2015|title=Surbhi Jyoti Cuts Her Wrist On Qubool Hai Sets!|last=Jain|first=Kiran|newspaper=Daily Bhaskar|date=23 May 2014|access-date=17 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2014/surbhi-jyoti-cuts-her-wrist-on-qubool-hai-sets-141091.html|title=Surbhi Jyoti Cuts Her Wrist On Qubool Hai Sets!|last=Aaqilah|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date= 27 May 2014|access-date=22 May 2015}}</ref> In September 2014, a choreographer's dupatta caught fire but it was averted by actor [[Karanvir Bohra]] and the choreographer was saved.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Karanvir-Bohra-saves-the-same-choreographer-his-father-had-saved-20-years-ago/articleshow/43161848.cms?|title=Karanvir Bohra saves the same choreographer his father had saved 20 years ago<br />
|last=Maheshwri|first= Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=23 September 2014|access-date=17 June 2015}}</ref> In March 2015, actress [[Amrapali Gupta]] injured herself by a fake bullet while shooting a scene where in she had to shoot her on screen uncle with a gun.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Amrapali-Gupta-injured-while-shooting-with-gun/articleshow/47072583.cms|title=Amrapali Gupta injured while shooting with gun|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=28 April 2015|access-date=30 April 2015}}</ref> In August 2015, Jyoti suffered a head injury while she was shooting on a harness.<ref>{{cite news |last= Indiatoday.in |date= 11 August 2015 |title= Qubool Hai actor Surbhi Jyoti gets injured|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/whats-hot/story/qubool-hai-actor-surbhi-jyoti-gets-injured-on-the-sets-287641-2015-08-11 |newspaper= [[India Today]]|access-date=12 August 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= Goswami |first= Parismita|date= 11 August 2015|title= 'Qubool Hai' Actress Surbhi Jyoti Meets With Accident; Rushed to Hospital |url=http://m.ibtimes.co.in/qubool-hai-actress-surbhi-jyoti-meets-accident-rushed-hospital-photo-642487 |newspaper=[[International Business Times]] |access-date= 12 August 2015}}</ref> She was rushed to Dr LH Hiranandani Hospital, [[Powai]] and was saved.<ref>{{cite news|last= India TV Entertainment Desk|date= 9 August 2015|title= Qubool Hai's Sanam aka Surbhi Jyoti met with accident during shoot|url= http://m.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood/qubool-hai-sanam-aka-surbhi-jyoti-accident-during-shooting-23192.html|publisher= [[India TV]]|access-date= 12 August 2015|archive-date= 25 August 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150825033305/http://m.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood/qubool-hai-sanam-aka-surbhi-jyoti-accident-during-shooting-23192.html|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Thestatesman.com|date= 11 August 2015|url=http://www.thestatesman.com/news/entertainment/qubool-hai-actress-surbhi-jyoti-is-safe/81832.html |title=Qubool Hai actress Surbhi Jyoti is safe!|newspaper=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |access-date=26 August 2015 }}</ref> In spite of having six stitches on her forehead and prescribed bed rest, the actress resumed shooting as the producers did not have a bank of episodes.<ref>{{cite news |last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|date=14 August 2015|title=Qubool Hai actor Surbhi Jyoti resumes shooting despite six stitches on her head |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/celebrity/story/qubool-hai-actor-surbhi-jyoti-resumes-shooting-despite-six-stiches-on-her-head-288268-2015-08-14 |newspaper= [[India Today]]|access-date=15 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= ABP News Bureau|date= 13 August 2015|title=Oh No: TV actress Surbhi Jyoti badly injured; now resumes shoot! |url= http://www.abplive.in/tv/2015/08/13/article683298.ece/Oh-No-TV-actress-Surbhi-Jyoti-badly-injured-now-resumes-shoot|publisher=[[ABP News]] |access-date=15 August 2015 }}</ref><br />
<br />
===Events and guest appearances===<br />
[[File:Imran Khan and Surbhi Jyoti.jpg|200px|thumbnail|right|Surbhi Jyoti and Imran Khan]]<br />
''Eid Mubarak'' was a three-hour event, with music and dance performances by various actors.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2013/qubool-hai-apologised-eid-mahasangam-episode-115905.html|title=Zee TV's Qubool Hai Plans Maha-Eid Episode|last=Narayan|first=Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=31 July 2013|access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2013/qubool-hai-tanveer-to-be-back-in-style-jashn-e-eid-116856.html|title=Qubool Hai's Eid Gift - Jashn-E-Eid To Dazzle Everyone!|last=Narayan|first=Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=31 July 2013|access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref> The contemporary lead couple of the show, [[Karan Singh Grover]] (Asad) and [[Surbhi Jyoti]] (Zoya), performed to a medley of three songs.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-wishes-Eid-Mubarak/articleshow/21727708.cms|title='Qubool Hai' wishes Eid Mubarak|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=10 Aug 2013|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/video/qubool-hai-episode-206-august-10-2013.html|title=Qubool Hai-Episode Mubarak|network=[[Zee TV]]|series=Qubool Hai|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=10 August 2013}}</ref> ''Dawat-E-Eid'' was an [[Muslim holidays|Eid]] special event on the sets of ''Qubool Hai''. At this event [[Parineeti Chopra]] and [[Aditya Roy Kapoor]] promoted their movie ''[[Dawat-E-Ishq]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/daawat-e-ishq-parineeti-chopra-aditya-roy-kapoor-celebrate-eid-sets-qubool-hai-photos-605046|title='Daawat-e-Ishq': Parineeti Chopra, Aditya Roy Kapoor Celebrate Eid on Sets of 'Qubool Hai'|last=Sarkar|first=Prarthana|website=[[International Business Times]]|date=22 July 2014|access-date=5 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abplive.in/movies/2014/07/18/article365153.ece/Aditya-Parineeti-sing-while-promoting-Daawat-e-Ishq|title=Aditya, Parineeti sing while promoting 'Daawat-e-Ishq'|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|work=english |publisher=[[ABP News]]|date=18 July 2014|access-date=2 January 2015}}</ref> At this event TV Stars gave various dance performances. [[Karanvir Bohra]] (Aahil) and Surbhi Jyoti (Sanam) performed on Bollywood songs like ''Jumme Ki Raat Hai'',<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/dawaat-e-eid/video/daawat-e-eid-episode-1-august-2-2014-performance-sanam-and-aahil-1.html|title=Dawat-E-Eid Sanam and Aahil perform on Jumme Ki Raat Hai|series=''Dawat-E-Eid''|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 July 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> ''Mera Naam Ishq''<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/dawaat-e-eid/video/daawat-e-eid-episode-1-august-2-2014-performance-sanam-and-aahil-3.html|title=Dawat-E-Eid Sanam and Aahil perform on Mera Naam Ishq|series=''Dawat-E-Eid''|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 July 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> and ''[[Main Rang Sharbaton Ka]]''.<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/dawaat-e-eid/video/daawat-e-eid-episode-1-august-2-2014-performance-sanam-and-aahil-2.html|title=Dawat-E-Eid Sanam and Aahil perform on Mein Rang Sharbaton Ka|series=''Dawat-E-Eid''|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 July 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> [[Ravi Dubey]] (Siddharth) and [[Nia Sharma]] (Roshni) of [[Jamai Raja (2014 TV series)|Jamai Raja]] performed to the song ''Wallah Re Wallah''.<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/dawaat-e-eid/video/daawat-e-eid-episode-1-august-2-2014-performance-siddharth-and-roshini-1.html|title=Dawat-E-Eid Siddharth and Roshni perform on Wallah Re Wallah|series=''Dawat-E-Eid''|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 July 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> [[Sajid–Wajid]] the most well known music director duo also performed.<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/dawaat-e-eid/video/daawat-e-eid-episode-1-august-2-2014-performance-sajid-wajid-1.html|title=Dawat-E-Eid performance by hit music directors Sajid-Wajid|series=''Dawat-E-Eid''|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 July 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> ''Holi Bemisaal'' was [[Zee TV]]'s three hour [[Holi]] special.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Jamai-Rajas-three-hour-Holi-special/articleshow/46409901.cms|title=Jamai Raja's three hour Holi special!|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=2 March 2015|access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref> Karanvir Bohra (Aahil) and Surbhi Jyoti (Sanam) danced on songs ''Holi Hai'', ''Rang Barse'', ''Holi ke Din'' and ''Aaj naa chodenge khelenge hum Holi''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/holi-bemisaal/video/holi-special-with-aahil-sanam-and-sid-roshni-1st-march-5-pm-only-on-zee-tv.html|title=Holi special with Aahil-Sanam |last=Zee Entertainment Enterprises |publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=28 February 2015|access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref> ''Zee 20 Cricket League'' was an event organised by [[Zee TV]], wherein there were two cricket teams Raj Ke Challengers and Samarth Ke Daredevils.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/zee-20-cricket-league/|title=ZEE 20 CRICKET LEAGUE : ABOUT THE SHOW<br />
|author=Zee Entertainment Enterprises|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=24 May 2014|access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref> Karanvir Bohra (Aahil) was a player of the team Samarth Ke Daredevils.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Zee-20-Cricket-League-Cricket-with-daily-soaps/articleshow/35478384.cms?|title=Cricket with the spice of a daily soap|last=Olivera|first=Roshni|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=23 May 2014|access-date=3 June 2014}}</ref> At 2012 ''[[Zee Rishtey Awards]]'' Karan Singh Grover (Asad), Surbhi Jyoti (Zoya) and Rishab Sinha (Ayaan) gave a dance performance on the song ''Disco Deewane''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/idiotbox/music-dance-masti-at-zee-rishtey-awards_122599.html|title=Music, dance, masti at Zee Rishtey awards|author=Zee Media Bureau|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=11 November 2012|access-date=5 February 2014}}</ref> At 2013 awards, Karan Singh Grover (Asad) and Surbhi Jyoti (Zoya) presented a sizzling aerial act on the song ''Anga Laga De''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/idiotbox/in-pics-qubool-hai-stars-karan-singh-grover-surbhi-jyotis-shikara-act_146723.html|title=In Pics: 'Qubool Hai' stars Karan Singh Grover, Surbhi Jyoti's shikara act|author=Zee Media Bureau|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=23 November 2013|access-date=5 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/KSG-SurbhiSizzling/articleshow/26249672.cms?|title=Qubool Hai: KSG & Surbhi's sizzling act!|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=23 November 2013|access-date=3 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/gossip-trivia/karan-surbhis-sizzling-aerial-shikara-act-to-dazzle-viewers-at-the-zee-rishtey-awards.html|title=Karan & Surbhi's sizzling aerial shikara act to dazzle viewers at the Zee Rishtey Awards|last=Sharma|first=Neeharika|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=10 December 2013|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> At the 2014 Rishtey awards, Karanvir Bohra (Aahil) and Surbhi Jyoti (Sanam) performed on the song ''Shaam Gulabi''.<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/videos/zee-rishtey-awards-2014-episode-1-december-14-2014-performance-romance-fills-the-stage-of-zee-rishtey-awards.html|title=Romance On The Stage - Zee Rishtey Awards 2014|network=[[Zee TV]]|series=[[Zee Rishtey Awards]]|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=14 December 2014}}</ref> Crossover promotional events have occurred with ''[[Punar Vivah]]'' on 18 January 2013,<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/video/qubool-hai-jan-18-episode-video.html|title=Qubool Hai January 18 2013 Mahasangam Episode|series=Qubool Hai|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=18 January 2013}}</ref> ''[[Pavitra Rishta]]'' and ''[[Badalte Rishton Ki Dastaan]]'' on 20 May 2013,<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/video/qubool-hai-episode-146-may-20-2013.html|title=Qubool Hai 20 May 2013 Mahasangam Episode|network=[[Zee TV]]|series=Qubool Hai|date=20 May 2013}}</ref> ''[[Punar Vivah - Ek Nayi Umeed]]'' and ''[[Connected Hum Tum]]'' on 11 July 2013<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2013/qubool-hai-punar-vivah-connected-hum-tum-mahasangam-114287.html |title=Mahasangam: Qubool Hai, Punar Vivah- Ek Nayi Umeed and Connected Hum Tum |last=Narayan |first=Girija |publisher=[[Oneindia.in]] |date=12 July 2013 |access-date=12 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-maha-sangam-with-imran-khan-1859676 |title=Mahasangam with Imran Khan |last=((DNA Correspondent)) |newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]] |date=11 July 2013 |access-date=11 July 2014}}</ref> ''[[Khelti Hai Zindagi Aankh Micholi]]'' on 4 December 2013.<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/qubool-hai/video/qubool-hai-episode-289-december-04-2013.html|title=Qubool Hai 4 December 2013 Mahasangam episode|series=Qubool Hai|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=4 December 2013}}</ref> In the Mahasangam episode on 11 July 2013 wherein [[Imran Khan (Bollywood actor)|Imran Khan]] promoted his movie ''[[Once Upon ay Time in Mumbai Dobaara!]]'', the contemporary lead couple of the show, [[Karan Singh Grover]] (Asad) and [[Surbhi Jyoti]] (Zoya) presented a romantic number on the song ''[[Teri Meri]]''.<ref name=asya>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/gossip-trivia/karan-and-surbhis-romantic-number-on-zee-tvs-mahasangam-episode-this-thursday.html|title=Karan and Surbhi's Romantic Number on Zee TV's Mahasangam episode this Thursday|last=Zee Entertainment Enterprises|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=11 July 2013|access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref> Surbhi Jyoti gave a performance with film actor, [[Imran Khan (Bollywood actor)|Imran Khan]] on the song ''Tayyab Ali'' in the episode.<ref name="asya"/> The Grand Finale of ''[[List of programs broadcast by Zee TV|Dil Se Nache Indiawaale]]'' on 9 November 2014 showcased a dazzling act by the lead couple of the show, Karanvir Bohra (Aahil) & Surbhi Jyoti (Sanam).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Dil-Se-Naachein-Indiawaale-reaches-its-Grand-Finale/articleshow/45079689.cms|title=Dil Se Naachein Indiawaale reaches its Grand Finale!|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=8 November 2014|access-date=20 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode |title=November 9, 2014- Ep 10 - Dil Se Naachein Indiawaale|series=[[List of programs broadcast by Zee TV|Dil Se Naachein Indiawaale]] |date=9 November 2014|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/dil-se-naachein-indiawaale/video/dil-se-naachein-indiawaale-episode-10-november-9-2014.html|network=[[Zee TV]]}}</ref> [[Akshay Kumar]] appeared on the show in a guest appearance for the promotion of his film ''[[Holiday: A Soldier Is Never Off Duty]]''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news-interviews/Akshay-Kumar-gives-tips-to-Surbhi-Jyoti/articleshow/36002883.cms|title=Akshay Kumar gives tips to Surbhi Jyoti|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=3 June 2014|access-date=3 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2014/qubool-hai-5th-june-holidays-cap-virat-bakshi-aka-akshay-kumar-saves-the-day-142784.html|title=Qubool Hai: 5th June; Holiday's Capt.Virat Bakshi Aka Akshay Kumar Saves The Day!(Pics)|last=Arundhati|date=6 June 2014 |publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]}}</ref> In 2015, makers of the show arranged five [[Muslim Holidays|Eid]] special episodes and named them as Rangat-E-Eid, wherein many television actors gave performances.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Rangat-E-Eid-in-Qubool-Hai/photostory/48123590.cms|title=Rangat-E-Eid in Qubool Hai|last=Kolwamkar|first=Gayatri|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=18 July 2015|access-date=1 August 2015}}</ref> [[Riteish Deshmukh]] and [[Pulkit Samrat]] promoted their movie ''[[Bangistan]]'' during Rangat-E-Eid.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Bangistaan-actors-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/48240517.cms|title='Bangistaan' actors in 'Qubool Hai'|last=Kolwamkar|first=Gayatri|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=27 July 2015|access-date=1 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.ibnlive.com/news/movies/riteish-deshmukh-pulkit-samrat-shoot-for-a-special-episode-of-qubool-hai-1026594.html|title=Riteish Deshmukh, Pulkit Samrat shoot for a special episode of 'Qubool Hai'|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|work=IBNlive|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=28 July 2015|access-date=1 August 2015|archive-date=2 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002151653/http://m.ibnlive.com/news/movies/riteish-deshmukh-pulkit-samrat-shoot-for-a-special-episode-of-qubool-hai-1026594.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
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==Reception==<br />
Due to [[Karan Singh Grover]]'s presence, the show made a grand entry into Indian television. ''[[The Times of India]]'' wrote that "Karan Singh Grover - one of the television's hottest hunks and popular actors - is making his comeback on television after almost two years in a daily soap. And it is no mean feat for the broadcaster as they would want to give the best possible time SLOT to his show, Qubool Hai."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Who-will-bear-the-brunt-to-accommodate-KSGs-show/articleshow/16739450.cms?|title=Who will bear the brunt to accommodate KSG's show?|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=9 October 2012|access-date=21 May 2015}}</ref> In January 2013 ''The Times Of India'' reported that "Zee TV's Qubool Hai has inched into a comfortable No.8 slot thanks to Karan Singh Grover's charisma and also an honour killing track - both appear to have found a connect with audiences."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Storylines-get-TRPs-not-stars/articleshow/18268798.cms|title=Storylines get TRPs, not stars|last=Walunjkar|first=Somashukla|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=10 January 2013|access-date=23 January 2014}}</ref> The chemistry between the lead couple pulled in the TRPS.<ref name=chem>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Love-stories-pulling-up-TRPs-on-small-screen/articleshow/18464592.cms|title=Love stories pulling up TRPs on small screen|last=Patel|first=Ano|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=13 February 2013|access-date=23 January 2014}}</ref> Around April 2013, the show became the number 2 show of Indian Television.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Qubool-Hai-climbs-up-the-TRP-chart/articleshow/19865588.cms|title=Qubool Hai climbs up the TRP chart|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|last=Olivera|first=Roshni|date=4 May 2013|access-date=5 February 2015}}</ref> The show also won many awards in 2013 including Best Show and Best Actor Karan Singh Grover at [[Indian Television Academy Awards]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2013/qubool-hai-shinning-bright-indian-television-academy-awards-2013-123255.html|title=Qubool Hai Shinning Bright At Indian Television Academy (ITA) Awards 2013!|last=Narayan|first=Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=24 October 2013|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2013/photos-indian-television-academy-awards-2013-winners-list-123200.html|title=Photos: Indian Television Academy Awards 2013 Winners; Karan, Jennifer, Kapil, Comedy Nights...|last=Narayan|first=Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=24 October 2013|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> ''The Times Of India'' gave Karan Singh Grover credit for the high television ratings of the show.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/The-strong-silent-TRP-trippers-of-small-screen-soaps/articleshow/17428958.cms|title=The strong & silent TRP-trippers of small screen|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=1 December 2012|access-date=31 July 2014}}</ref> In October 2014, Kavita Awaasthi interviewed Jyoti for ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' and introduced her by stating that "Surbhi made a mark with her effervescent character of Zoya Farooqui in Qubool Hai. The story of the show may be interesting, but a large part of its success is because of her chemistry with co-star Karan Singh Grover."<ref name=advice>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/television/more-than-karan-jenny-gives-me-advice-surbhi-jyoti/article1-1137873.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607174305/http://www.hindustantimes.com/television/more-than-karan-jenny-gives-me-advice-surbhi-jyoti/article1-1137873.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 June 2015|title=More than Karan, Jenny gives me advice: Surbhi Jyoti|last=Awaasthi|first=Kavita|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=21 October 2013|access-date=21 Jan 2015}}</ref><br />
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In late December 2013, when Karan Singh Grover left the show Shraddha Bhandari, writing for ''[[CNN-IBN]]'' in December 2013, stated that ''Qubool Hai'' was typical of "All serials start off brilliantly with immense promise and somewhere in the middle they get lost in the maze of TRPs, cheap publicity and making what sells."Bhandari had appreciated that when the series had started, "Zoya Farooqui was a jeans wearing, very modern women, raised in the US, yet very close to her culture and roots. The story moved on with her clashes with the very orthodox, Asad Ahmed Khan and how she changed his conservative thinking and start of their love story." but stated that "the serial became lost in multitude of vamps, warring families, crude language and events that in real life are unfathomable."<ref name="Bhandari">{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/karan-singh-grovers-exit-from-qubool-hai-who-is-really-to-be-blamed/442371-44-124.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231024138/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/karan-singh-grovers-exit-from-qubool-hai-who-is-really-to-be-blamed/442371-44-124.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=31 December 2013|title=Karan Singh Grover's exit from 'Qubool Hai'; Who is really to be blamed?|last=Shraddha Bhandari|date=20 December 2013|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> After Karan Singh Grover was replaced by [[Raqesh Vashisth]] as "Asad Ahmed Khan" the show received high level critical response up to the extent of Raqesh receiving hate mails.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Karan-Singh-Grover-replaced-in-Qubool-Hai-Raqesh-Vashisth-replaces-Karan-Singh-Grover-in-Qubool-Hai/articleshow/28010881.cms?|last=Malini|first=Navya |title=Raqesh Vashisth steps into Karan Singh Grover's shoes|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=8 December 2013|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref> These hate mails criticised Raqesh's acting for playing Asad.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/television/Raqesh-Vashisth-Received-Hate-Mails-After-Playing-Asad-in-Qubool-Hai/2014/01/20/article2010291.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122053405/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/television/Raqesh-Vashisth-Received-Hate-Mails-After-Playing-Asad-in-Qubool-Hai/2014/01/20/article2010291.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 January 2014|title=Raqesh Vashisth Received Hate Mails After Playing Asad in 'Qubool Hai'|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=20 January 2014|access-date=2 Feb 2015}}</ref> This criticism upset Vashisth and lowered his morale.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/raqesh-on-playing-asad-in-qubool-hai-hate-mails-lowered-my-morale/446662-44-124.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122133403/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/raqesh-on-playing-asad-in-qubool-hai-hate-mails-lowered-my-morale/446662-44-124.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 January 2014|title=Raqesh on playing Asad in 'Qubool Hai': Hate mails lowered my morale|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=20 January 2014|access-date=9 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://m.timesofindia.com/tv/news/hindi/Hate-mails-lowered-my-morale-Raqesh-on-playing-Asad/movie-review/29114033.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402154414/http://m.timesofindia.com/tv/news/hindi/Hate-mails-lowered-my-morale-Raqesh-on-playing-Asad/movie-review/29114033.cms|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 April 2015|title=Raqesh on playing Asad in 'Qubool Hai': Hate mails lowered my morale|last=[[Indo-Asian News Service]]|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=20 January 2014|access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref> Grover's exit caused a sizeable drop in the viewership figures of the show.<ref name="auto"/> In January 2014, the show moved to the fourth position on the channel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2014/january-trp-rating-comedy-night-qubool-hai-dabh-jodha-akbar-balika-129063.html|title=January 2014 TRP Ratings Of Comedy Nights, Qubool Hai, Jodha Akbar, DABH...|last=Narayan|first=Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=7 January 2014|access-date=30 May 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
The ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' reported that, fans had predicted doom for ''Qubool Hai'' after the original lead [[Karan Singh Grover]] quit, but the show picked up again after Bohra's entry.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140903/entertainment-tvmusic/article/karanvir-bohra-now-good-guy|title=Karanvir is now the good guy|last=Coutinho|first=Natasha|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=5 June 2014|access-date=12 May 2015}}</ref> In December 2014, Shruti Jambhekar writing for ''The Times of India'' stated that "[[Karanvir Bohra]] and [[Surbhi Jyoti]] as Aahil and Sanam in the post leap version of Qubool Hai had managed to save their show from getting the axe earlier in the year 2014. The couple have an "impressive fan following" on social networking sites."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Small-screens-10-hottest-jodis-of-2014/articleshow/45618056.cms|title=Small screen's 10 hottest jodis of 2014|last=Jambhekar|first=Shruti|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=24 December 2014|access-date=12 January 2015}}</ref> In October 2014, the show ranked 9th on the list of top 10 shows on Indian television.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2014/latest-top-10-indian-shows-diya-aur-baati-jodha-akbar-yeh-hai-mohabbatein-shine-161477.html|title=Latest Top 10 Indian Shows: Diya Aur Baati.., Jodha Akbar, Yeh Hai Mohabbatein Shine Bright!|last=Narayan|first=Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=13 October 2014|access-date=30 May 2015}}</ref> In December 2014, ''The Times Of India'' reported Sanam and Aahil(Saahil) to be "hit with the viewers."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Fan-monikers-for-reel-jodis/articleshow/45381356.cms|title=Fan monikers for reel jodis|last=Patel|first=Ano|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=5 December 2014|access-date=17 June 2015}}</ref> In May 2015 Gayatri Kolwankar writing for ''The Times Of India'' stated that Surbhi Jyoti has been the face of 'Qubool Hai' since its inception and the show is popular, and that "Surbhi and Karanvir make an ideal pair on-screen".<ref>{{cite news |last= Kolwankar|first= Gayatri|date= 28 May 2015|title= TV's Zoya turns a year older|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/TVs-Zoya-turns-a-year-older/photostory/47384800.cms |newspaper=[[The Times Of India]] |access-date=29 May 2015 }}</ref> At 2015 Zee Gold Awards, the couple were titled as the Best Onscreen Jodi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2015/gold-awards-2015-winners-list-kaan-patel-divyanka-karanir-gautam-gulati-surbhi-photos-185737.html|title=Gold Awards 2015 Winners List: Karan Patel, Divyanka, Karanvir, Surbhi, Gautam Gulati Win|last=Narayan|first= Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=5 June 2015|access-date=6 June 2015}}</ref> Neha Maheshwri, writing for ''The Times of India'' in July 2014, stated that the show "has failed to impress the audience."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Qubool-Hai-to-shut-down-in-August/articleshow/37576539.cms|title=Qubool Hai to shut down in August|last=Maheshwri|first=Neha|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=2 July 2014|access-date=31 July 2014}}</ref> In May 2015 Zehra Kazmi writing for ''Hindustan Times'' stated that the show should end as it has nothing new to offer, which is evident with the dip of TRPS.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/television/balika-vadhu-to-qubool-hai-5-shows-we-would-love-to-bid-goodbye/article1-1346752.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522010507/http://www.hindustantimes.com/television/balika-vadhu-to-qubool-hai-5-shows-we-would-love-to-bid-goodbye/article1-1346752.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 May 2015|title=Balika Vadhu to Qubool Hai: 5 shows we would love to bid goodbye|last=Kazmi|first=Zehma|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=19 May 2015|access-date=19 May 2015}}</ref> In March 2015, when news of Karanvir Bohra quitting the show were out, fans had set up an online petition to reunite Sanam and Aahil in the show.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://urbanasian.com/featured/2015/03/qubool-hai-fans-protest-the-separation-of-aahil-and-sanam/|title=Qubool Hai fans protest the separation of Aahil and Sanam!|last=Diana Lydia|publisher=UrbanAsian|date=11 March 2015|access-date=25 September 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Sequel ==<br />
{{Main|Qubool Hai 2.0}}<br />
'''''Qubool Hai 2.0''''' ({{Translation|Accepted 2.0}}) is an Indian Hindi-language web series, starring [[Surbhi Jyoti]] and [[Karan Singh Grover]].<ref name="hindustantimes.com">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-10|title=Qubool Hai 2.0: Karan Singh Grover, Surbhi Jyoti make a comeback as Asad and Zoya, Bipasha Basu shares teaser|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tv/qubool-hai-2-0-karan-singh-grover-surbhi-jyoti-make-a-comeback-as-asad-and-zoya-bipasha-basu-shares-teaser-101612949208832.html|access-date=2021-02-25|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> Produced by [[Mrinal Jha]] under MAJ Productions,<ref name="freepressjournal.in">{{Cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/television/qubool-hai-20-trailer-out-karan-singh-grover-surbhi-jyotis-classic-tale-of-love-is-full-of-unexpected-twists|title='Qubool Hai 2.0' trailer out: Karan Singh Grover, Surbhi Jyoti's classic tale of love is full of unexpected twists|website=Free Press Journal}}</ref> this web series is directed by Glen Barretto and Ankush Mohla.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/qubool-hai-2-0-teaser-karan-singh-grover-and-surbhi-jyoti-are-back-with-a-heartwarming-show-7182843/|title=Qubool Hai 2.0 teaser: Karan Singh Grover and Surbhi Jyoti are back with a heartwarming show|date=10 February 2021}}</ref> Also, it premiered on [[ZEE5]] on 12 March 2021.<ref name="indiatvnews.com">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-10|title=Qubool Hai 2.0 teaser out: Karan Singh Grover, Surbhi Jyoti's chemistry is sure to melt your heart {{!}} WATCH|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/tv/qubool-hai-2-0-teaser-out-karan-singh-grover-surbhi-jyoti-s-chemistry-is-sure-to-melt-your-heart-watch-684036|access-date=2021-02-25|website=www.indiatvnews.com|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Cyril">{{Cite web|last=Cyril|first=Grace|title=Qubool Hai 2.0 trailer out, Karan Singh Grover and Surbhi Jyoti make a stunning couple|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/qubool-hai-2-0-trailer-out-karan-singh-grover-and-surbhi-jyoti-make-a-stunning-couple-1774356-2021-03-01|access-date=2021-03-02|website=India Today|date=March 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceB">{{Cite web|date=2020-11-26|title=Karan Singh Grover and Surbhi Jyoti to return with Qubool Hai 2, this time as a web series on Zee5|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/tv/karan-singh-grover-and-surbhi-jyoti-to-return-with-qubool-hai-2-this-time-as-a-web-series-on-zee5/story-bFURMbCDsWP7F6GocfUIoJ.html|access-date=2021-02-26|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> and shot in [[Belgrade]]<ref name="indianexpress.com">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-02|title=Qubool Hai 2.0 trailer: Asad and Zoya's love story gets a spy-thriller twist|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/qubool-hai-2-0-asad-and-zoya-love-story-gets-a-spy-thriller-twist-fans-give-thumbs-up-trailer-7211178/|access-date=2021-03-02|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
[[File:Qubool Hai Team at Press Conference of the show.jpg|thumb|right|Qubool Hai Team at Press meet in 2013]]<br />
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"<br />
|+<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" | Year<br />
! scope="col" | Award<br />
! scope="col" | Category<br />
! scope="col" | Nominee<br />
! scope="col" | Result<br />
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="20"| 2013<br />
! scope="row" rowspan="9"|[[Indian Television Academy Awards]]<br />
| Desh ka Dharavahik-Best Serial<br />
| [[4 Lions Films]]<br />
| rowspan="3" {{won}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref name=ITA2013>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiantelevisionacademy.com/site/awards_hhita_details_new.php?year=2013|title=The ITA Awards » The Indian Television Academy Awards|publisher=Indiantelevisionacademy.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924040713/http://www.indiantelevisionacademy.com/site/awards_hhita_details_new.php?year=2013|archive-date=24 September 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Desh Ka Sitara-Best Actor Popular<br />
| Karan Singh Grover<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref name=ITAKSG>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/karan-singh-grover-devoleena-bag-top-honours-at-ita-awards/430224-44-124.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026132604/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/karan-singh-grover-devoleena-bag-top-honours-at-ita-awards/430224-44-124.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 October 2013|title=Karan Singh Grover, Devoleena bag top honours at ITA awards|last=[[Press Trust Of India]]|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=24 October 2013 |access-date=28 December 2013}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| GR8! Performer of the year-Female<br />
| Surbhi Jyoti<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref name="ITA2013"/><br />
|-<br />
| Desh Ki Dhadkan-Best Actress Popular<br />
| Surbhi Jyoti<br />
| rowspan="6" {{nom}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="6" |<ref name="ITA2013 (nom)">{{cite web|url=http://www.indiantelevisionacademy.com/site/event_details.php?id=80|title=The Indian Television Academy Awards 2013 - Top - 5 Nominees (Jury and Popular)|publisher=Indian Television Academy|date=1 October 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001735/http://www.indiantelevisionacademy.com/site/event_details.php?id=80|archive-date=4 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Actor Drama<br />
| Karan Singh Grover<br />
|-<br />
| Best Actress in a Negative Role<br />
| [[Alka Kaushal]]<br />
|-<br />
| Best Dialogues<br />
| Aparajita Sharma<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | Best Tellyplay<br />
| Jainesh Ejardar<br />
|-<br />
| Faizal Akhtar<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" rowspan="5"|[[Indian Telly Awards]]<br />
| TV personality of the year<br />
| Karan Singh Grover<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|title=Colors to telecast 12th Indian Telly Awards on 25 May at 9 pm|url=http://www.indiantelevision.com/headlines/y2k13/may/may139.php|publisher=Indiantelevision.com|date=24 May 2013|access-date=12 June 2013}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Daily Serial<br />
| 4 Lions Films<br />
| rowspan="4" {{nom}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="4" |<ref name=nom1>{{cite web|url=http://tellyawards.indiantelevision.com/y2k13/poll/winners.php |title=Indian Telly Awards Nominations 2013 |publisher=Indiantelevision.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425010425/http://tellyawards.indiantelevision.com/y2k13/poll/winners.php |archive-date=25 April 2015 }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| [[Indian Telly Award for Best Actor in a Lead Role|Best Actor in a Lead Role]]<br />
| Karan Singh Grover<br />
|-<br />
| [[Indian Telly Award for Fresh New Face - Female|Fresh New Face - Female]]<br />
| Surbhi Jyoti<br />
|-<br />
| [[Indian Telly Award for Best Onscreen Couple|Best Onscreen Couple]]<br />
| Karan Singh Grover and Surbhi Jyoti<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" rowspan="7"|[[Zee Gold Awards]]<br />
| Best Actor Male<br />
| Karan Singh Grover<br />
| rowspan="4" {{won}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="4"|<ref name=Award>{{cite web|url=http://entertainment.oneindia.in/television/news/2013/2013-boroplus-gold-awards-2013-winners-list-115204.html#slide252653|title=Photos: 2013 Boroplus Gold Awards Winners List!|last=Narayan|first=Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=23 July 2013|access-date=20 July 2014|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225091934/https://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2013/2013-boroplus-gold-awards-2013-winners-list-115204.html#slide252653|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Onscreen Jodi<br />
| Karan Singh Grover and Surbhi Jyoti<br />
|-<br />
| Gold Best Debut In A Lead Role-Female<br />
| Surbhi Jyoti<br />
|-<br />
| Best Actor In A Supporting Role-Male<br />
| [[Vaquar Sheikh]]<br />
|-<br />
| Best Television Show<br />
| 4 Lions Films<br />
| rowspan="4" {{nom}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" |<ref name="Award"/><br />
|-<br />
| Best Actor In A Supporting Role-Female<br />
| [[Shalini Kapoor (actress)|Shalini Kapoor]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"|2014<br />
| Best Actor Female<br />
| rowspan="2"|Surbhi Jyoti<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/boroplus-gold-awards-2014/video/deepika-singh-wins-best-actor-female.html|title=Gold Awards 2014-Best Actor Female|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=22 July 2014}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| [[BIG Star Entertainment Awards]]<br />
| Most Entertaining Actor TV - Fiction - Female<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.927bigfm.com/bsea2014/nomination_list.php |title=BIG Star Entertainment Awards 2014-Nominations List |last=[[BIG FM 92.7]] |publisher=[[BIG FM 92.7]] |date=19 December 2014 |access-date=19 February 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151216084934/http://www.927bigfm.com/bsea2014/nomination_list.php |archive-date=16 December 2015 }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"|Asian Viewers Television Awards<br />
|Best Actor in a supporting role<br />
|[[Mohit Sehgal]]<br />
| rowspan="4" {{won}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.media247.co.uk/bizasia/live-avta-2014-winners-list|title=AVTA 2014: Winners List|last=Baddhan|first=Raj|publisher=BizAsia|date=18 October 2014|access-date=15 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725175742/http://www.media247.co.uk/bizasia/live-avta-2014-winners-list|archive-date=25 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7"| 2012<br />
! scope="row" rowspan="33"|[[Zee Rishtey Awards]]<br />
| rowspan="2"| Favourite Bhai<br />
| Rishab Sinha<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3" |<ref name=ZRA1>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/mumbai/Zee-Rishtey-Awards-celebrate-20-years-of-channel/articleshow/17441083.cms|title=Zee Rishtey Awards celebrate 20 years of channel|last=Times News Network|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=2 December 2012|access-date=8 February 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|[[Karan Singh Grover]]<br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Naya Sadasya Male<br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Naya Sadasya Female<br />
| [[Surbhi Jyoti]]<br />
| rowspan="4" {{nom}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="4" |<ref name=ZRA2012>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/zee-rishtey-awards-2012/|title=Zee Rishtey Awards (2012)|series=[[Zee Rishtey Awards]]|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 December 2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"|Favourite Behen<br />
| [[Digangana Suryavanshi]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Archana Taide]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketki Kadam]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="16"|2013<br />
| Favourite Jodi<br />
| Karan Singh Grover and Surbhi Jyoti<br />
| rowspan="6" {{won}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref name=ZRA2>{{cite web|title=Photos: Zee Rishtey Awards 2013: Jodha Akbar-Qubool Hai Top The Winners List!|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2013/photos-zee-rishtey-awards-2013-qubool-hai-jodha-akbar-top-list-126198.html|last=Narayan|first=Girija|date=2 December 2013|access-date=31 July 2014|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|archive-date=19 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219181843/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/television/news/2013/photos-zee-rishtey-awards-2013-qubool-hai-jodha-akbar-top-list-126198.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Popular Face-Female<br />
| Surbhi Jyoti<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/videos/zee-rishtey-awards-2013-awards-for-favourite-popular-face-male-female-and-favourite-popular-jodi.html|title=Zee Rishtey Awards 2013: Awards For Favourite Popular Face - Male, Female and Favourite Popular Jodi|series=[[Zee Rishtey Awards]]|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 December 2013|access-date=9 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911082221/http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/videos/zee-rishtey-awards-2013-awards-for-favourite-popular-face-male-female-and-favourite-popular-jodi.html|archive-date=11 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Villain<br />
|[[Amrapali Gupta]]<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref name=ZRA3>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/zee-rishtey-awards-2013/video/zee-rishtey-awards-2013-part-13.html|title=Favourite Villain, Favourite Guru-Shishya, Favourite Beti and Favourite Beta awards at Zee Rishtey Awards-2013|series=[[Zee Rishtey Awards]]<br />
|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 December 2013}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"| Favourite Bhai<br />
| Karan Singh Grover<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref name="ZRA2"/><br />
|-<br />
| [[Vikrant Massey]]<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref name="ZRA2"/><br />
|-<br />
| Best Dialogues<br />
| Divya Sharma and Aparajita Sharma<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/videos/zee-rishtey-awards-2013-awards-for-best-story-best-dialogue-and-best-screenplay.html|title=Zee Rishtey Awards 2013: Awards For Best Story, Best Dialogue and Best Screenplay|series=[[Zee Rishtey Awards]]|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 December 2013|access-date=9 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911082328/http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/videos/zee-rishtey-awards-2013-awards-for-best-story-best-dialogue-and-best-screenplay.html|archive-date=11 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Mata-Pita<br />
| rowspan="2"|Shalini Kapoor, Vaquar Sheikh<br />
| rowspan="10" {{nom}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" |<ref name=ZRA4>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/videos/zee-rishtey-awards-2013-ritwik-dhanjani-and-jay-bhanushali.html|title=Zee Rishtey Awards 2013:Favourite Mata-Pita, Favourite Saas-Sasur|series=[[Zee Rishtey Awards]]|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 December 2013|access-date=9 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917020752/http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/videos/zee-rishtey-awards-2013-ritwik-dhanjani-and-jay-bhanushali.html|archive-date=17 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Saas-Sasur<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"|Favourite Behene<br />
|[[Archana Taide]]<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3" |<ref name=Behen>{{cite episode|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/zee-rishtey-awards-2013/video/zee-rishtey-awards-2013-part-7.html|title=Jay and Ritwik announce Favourite Behen and Favourite Bhai awards at Zee Rishtey Awards-2013|series=[[Zee Rishtey Awards]]<br />
|network=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 December 2013}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Neha Lakshmi Iyer]]<br />
|-<br />
|Farhina Jarimari<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"| Favourite Popular Face - Male<br />
| Karan Singh Grover<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" |<ref name=promo1>{{cite video|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/zee-rishtey-awards-2013/video/nomination-promo-favourite-popular-face-male.html|title=Nomination Promo: Favourite Popular Face - Male|medium=Television production|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 December 2013}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Vikrant Massey<br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Parivaar<br />
| Qubool Hai<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite video|url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/zee-rishtey-awards-2013/video/nomination-promo-favourite-parivaar.html|title=Nomination Promo: Favourite Parivaar|medium=Television production|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=2 December 2013}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"| Favourite Beta<br />
| Karan Singh Grover<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref name="ZRA3"/><br />
|-<br />
| Vikrant Massey<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref name="ZRA3"/><br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="10"|2014<br />
| Favourite Behen<br />
| Surbhi Jyoti<br />
| rowspan="2" {{won}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/zee-rishtey-awards-2014-winners-list-live-update-617161|title=Zee Rishtey Awards 2014 Winners List |last=Hooli|first=Shekhar|website=[[International Business Times]]|date=14 December 2014|access-date=14 December 2014}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Best Screenplay<br />
| Jainesh Ejardar and Faizal Akhtar<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2014/photos-zee-rishtey-awards-2014-complete-list-of-winners-jodha-akbar-kumkum-bhagya-167688.html|title=PHOTOS: Zee Rishtey Awards 2014 Complete List Of Winners! Jodha Akbar, Kumkum Bhagya Shine Bright!|last=Narayan|first=Girija|publisher=[[Oneindia.in]]|date=15 December 2014|access-date=12 April 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Jodi<br />
| [[Karanvir Bohra]] and Surbhi Jyoti<br />
| rowspan="8" {{Won}}<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/nominations/favorite-jodi/|title=Favourite Jodi Nominations for Zee Rishtey Awards|last=Zee Entertainment Enterprises|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=12 October 2014|access-date=12 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607121054/http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/nominations/favorite-jodi/|archive-date=7 June 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Popular Face-Male<br />
| Karanvir Bohra<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/won/favorite-popular-face-male/|title=Favourite Popular Face-Male won for Zee Rishtey Awards|last=Zee Entertainment Enterprises|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=12 October 2014|access-date=12 April 2015}}{{Dead link|date=May 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Popular Face-Female<br />
| rowspan="2"|Surbhi Jyoti<br />
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/nominations/favorite-popular-face-female/|title=Favourite Popular Face-Female Nominations for Zee Rishtey Awards|last=Zee Entertainment Enterprises|publisher=[[Zee TV]]|date=12 October 2014|access-date=12 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607121051/http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/nominations/favorite-popular-face-female/|archive-date=7 June 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Beti<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="5" |<ref name=nom4>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeetv.com/zee-rishtey-awards-2014/general-category(Won)/|title=GENERAL CATEGORY won|work=2014|publisher=[[Zee TV]]}}{{Dead link|date=May 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Saas-Bahu Rishta<br />
| Surbhi Jyoti and Amrapali Gupta<br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Khalnayak<br />
| Amrapali Gupta<br />
|-<br />
| Favourite Nayi Jodi<br />
| Karanvir Bohra and Surbhi Jyoti<br />
|-<br />
| Best Dosti<br />
| Surbhi Jyoti and Nirmal Soni<br />
|-<br />
|2015<br />
! scope="row" |[[Zee Gold Awards]]<br />
|Best Onscreen Jodi<br />
|Surbhi Jyoti and Karanvir Bohra<br />
| {{won}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.ibtimes.co.in/zee-gold-awards-2015-divyanka-tripathi-karan-patel-gautam-gulati-bag-awards-winners-list-634814|title=Zee Gold Awards 2015: Divyanka Tripathi, Karan Patel, Gautam Gulati Bag Awards; Winners' List |last=Goswami|first= Parismita|website=[[International Business Times]]|date= 5 June 2015|access-date=17 June 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<br />
! scope="row" |[[Indian Telly Awards]]<br />
|[[Indian Telly Award for Best Actress in a Negative Role|Best Actress in a Negative Role]]<br />
|[[Additi Gupta]]<br />
| {{nom}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/top-stories/story/nominations-for-indian-telly-awards-2015-out-see-who-all-have-made-the-cut-273701-2015-11-20|title=Nominations for Indian Telly Awards 2015 out; see who all have made the cut|magazine=India Today|date=20 November 2015|access-date=4 September 2022}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Commons category}}<br />
* {{official website|https://www.zee5.com/tvshows/details/qubool-hai/0-6-135}}<br />
* {{IMDb title|2500352}}<br />
<br />
{{4 Lions Films}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Indian television soap operas]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows about violence against women]]<br />
[[Category:Zee TV original programming]]<br />
[[Category:2012 Indian television series debuts]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]<br />
[[Category:Television shows set in Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Television shows set in Lahore]]<br />
[[Category:Television series by 4 Lions Films]]<br />
[[Category:Television series about Islam]]<br />
[[Category:2010s Indian television series debuts]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sivasankaran_Bijoy_Nandan&diff=536326Sivasankaran Bijoy Nandan2026-04-23T09:06:20Z<p>IBADorris7: creating a article.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian conservation biologist}}<br />
{{Multiple issues|<br />
{{BLP primary sources|date=February 2018}}<br />
{{COI|date=June 2021}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox academic<br />
| honorific_prefix = <!-- Honorifics (like Sir/His Excellency) only, not professional/academic titles (like Dr./Prof.) --><br />
| name = Sivasankaran Bijoy Nandan<br />
| honorific_suffix = <br />
| image = BijoyNandan.jpg<br />
| image_size = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| native_name = <br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| birth_name = <!-- use only if different from full/othernames --><br />
| birth_date = 26 May 1964<br />
| birth_place = [[Alappuzha]], [[Kerala]], India<br />
| death_date = <!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --><br />
| death_place = <br />
| death_cause = <!-- | region = Kochi, Kerala, India --><br />
| other_names = <br />
| occupation = Professor, CUSAT<br />
| period = <br />
| known_for = Aquatic Ecology, Marine Ecology, Wetland Science, Benthic Ecology, Polar Biology, Biogeochemistry, [[Ecotoxicology]], Taxonomy<br />
| title = Vice Chancellor, Kannur University, Kerala and<br />
Dean, Faculty of Marine Sciences, CUSAT<br />
| boards = Board of Studies in Marine Biology, CUSAT<br />
And Member of Syndicate and Senate, CUSAT<br />
| spouse = <br />
| children = <br />
| family = <br />
| awards = Jawaharlal Nehru Award [[Zoological Society of India Recognition Award 2008]] Fulbright Scholar<br />
| website = https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sivasankaran-Bijoy-Nandan<br />
| education = M.Sc. Zoology, Ph.D. in Aquatic Biology & Fisheries; Post-doctoral position in Aquatic biology & Fisheries (CSIR)<br />
| alma_mater = [[Kerala University]]<br />
| thesis_title = <br />
| thesis_url = <br />
| thesis_year = <br />
| school_tradition = <br />
| doctoral_advisor = <br />
| influences = <!-- must be referenced from a third party source --><br />
| era = <br />
| discipline = [[Aquatic Ecology]]<br />
| sub_discipline = Marine biology, Invertebrate zoology, Life sciences, Marine pollution and ecotoxicology<br />
| workplaces = [[Cochin University of Science and Technology]]<br />
| doctoral_students = <br />
| notable_students = <!--only those with WP articles--><br />
| main_interests = <br />
| notable_works = <br />
| notable_ideas = <br />
| influenced = <!-- must be referenced from a third party source --><br />
| signature = <br />
| signature_alt = <br />
| signature_size = <br />
| footnotes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Sivasankaran Bijoy Nandan''' is a professor at the Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT).<ref name="IQAC CUSAT">{{Cite web |title=IQAC CUSAT |url=https://iqac.cusat.ac.in/Web/profile_view/8/Prof.Dr.SBIJOYNANDAN |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=iqac.cusat.ac.in}}</ref> He currently appointed as Vice Chacellor of Kannur University and holds the office of the Dean, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology.<ref name="IQAC CUSAT"/> He is also syndicate and senate member of CUSAT. He was served as Head of the department, Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, CUSAT during 2019 - 2021 period.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|title=IQAC, CUSAT|url=https://iqac.cusat.ac.in/Web/profile_view/8/Prof.Dr.SBIJOYNANDAN}}</ref> He has expertise in teaching, research, and development activities in the broad area of Aquatic Ecosystem Characterisation, Conservation, Restoration and Management, Carbon Dynamics & Community Ecology, Communities Ecology & Biology, Eco-toxicology and Biology of Polar Communities.<ref>{{Cite web|title=VIMS|url=https://www.vims.edu/newsandevents/topstories/archives/2013/fulbright_nandan.php}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Sivasankaran BIJOY NANDAN {{!}} Professor (Full) {{!}} Professor {{!}} Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin {{!}} CUSAT {{!}} Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sivasankaran-Bijoy-Nandan|access-date=2021-06-27|website=ResearchGate|language=en}}</ref> Recently a new species of deep sea wood boring mollusc collected from eastern Arabian Sea named after Prof. Bijoy Nandan as '''''Xylophaga nandani''''' by team of Researchers from Brazil and India namely, Marcel Velásquez, P.R. Jayachandran & M. Jima.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jayachandran PR, Jima M, Velásquez M|date=2022|title=A new species of wood‑boring bivalve (Mollusca: Xylophagaidae) from the Eastern Arabian Sea|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-021-01245-1|journal=[[Marine Biodiversity]]|volume=52|issue=7 |doi=10.1007/s12526-021-01245-1 |s2cid=245883866 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Recently, a crab species discovered along the Kerala coast was named '''''Aniptumnus bijoyi''''' in honor of Bijoy, as recognized by Hari, Hershey, and Mendoza in 2022.<br />
<br />
The R&D achievements emanated through the financial support garnered from various research and consultancy based projects funded by the national and international agencies.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-12-06 |title=Cusat team on a green mission in Maldives |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/cusat-team-on-a-green-mission-in-maldives/article37869361.ece |access-date=2022-05-18 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name="IQAC CUSAT"/> He has been liaising several international collaborations and Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with reputed national and international institutions for academic advancement in ocean science. In this context, he was also instrumental in organising the Erudite – Scholar in Residence program, Chancellor chair and Fulbright visiting scientist programs.<ref name="old.cusat.ac.in">{{cite web |title=Dr. S. Bijoy Nandan |url=https://old.cusat.ac.in/staff_details.php?userid=90237 |website=[[Cochin University of Science and Technology]] |access-date=27 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709191318/https://old.cusat.ac.in/staff_details.php?userid=90237 |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |language=en |url-status=unfit}}</ref><br />
<br />
He authored or co-authored more than 220 journal articles, books, and proceedings and has edited ten books in special volumes.<ref>{{Cite web|last=ORCID|title=Sivasankaran Bijoy Nandan (0000-0003-2476-6935)|url=https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2476-6935|access-date=2021-06-27|website=orcid.org|language=en}}</ref>[https://www.adscientificindex.com/scientist.php?id=479399] He received Jawaharlal Nehru Award in 1993, instituted by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bijoy Nandan CUSAT - 2021 2022 Student Forum|url=https://management.ind.in/forum/bijoy-nandan-cusat-115744.html}}</ref> and the UNESCO Fellowship, 2008. He is also a U.S. Fulbright Visiting Scholar,<ref name=":0" /> Technical Member, Kerala State Pollution Control Board, Fellow of National Institute of Ecology, India and Coordinator of the UGC-SAP programme of the Dept. of Marine Biology. He supervised several students for Doctoral program in CUSAT, Mahatma Gandhi University and MS [https://www.mgutheses.in/page/about_book.php?q=T%203101& University].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Research Guides : NSS Hindu College |url=https://www.nsshinducollege.org/research/research-guides/ |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=www.nsshinducollege.org}}</ref> Several new species of marine organisms were described by his team (''Leptestheria dumonti'', ''Eulimnadia azisi,'' ''Pseudosesarma glabrum,'' ''Victoriopisa cusatensis,'' ''Horaglanis krishnai, Tortanus minicoyensis'', ''Indosphenia [[Indosphenia kayalum|kayalum]]''<ref name="IQAC CUSAT"/>''.''<br />
<br />
==Employment Record==<br />
Scientist & Officer in Charge (Head), Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute Centre (ICAR), Govt. of India (1994 to 1999 & 2002 to 2006); Sr. Instructor (Fishery Biology), CIFNET, Govt. of India Cochin (1999- 2002); Reader and associate professor in Marine Biology, Dept. of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT) (2006 to 2012); Professor in Marine Biology, Dept. of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science & Technology (2012 September to date); Head, Dept. of Marine Biology, Microbiology & Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science & Technology (2018 March to April 2021). Dean, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology (2021 June onwards).<ref name="old.cusat.ac.in"/><br />
<br />
==Professional Experience== <br />
He has 27 years (continuing) (including post-doctoral research of CSIR for 3yrs & Consultant Marine Biologist in Marine Science Division, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia).<br />
'''International research undertaken:''' July–August 2003: As Consultant Marine Biologist in the United Nations Compensation Research Project: Studies on the Oceanographic and Biodiversity changes in the Gulf Coast waters, Saudi Arabia in the context of oil pollution due to the Gulf war, Marine Science Division, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Saudi Arabia; September, 2013 to January, 2014, As Fulbright Scholar at the College of William and Mary, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, USA teaching and research actions in marine ecology and ecotoxicology and pollution topics under Fulbright grant. <br />
'''Field experience:''' Indian Ocean, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, Arctic Ocean, backwaters and estuaries (including sea voyage / cruise): ~ 24 months<br />
Teaching:19years (continuing).<br />
'''Administrative:''' 16 years (continuing)<br />
'''Teaching and research faculty:''' MSc & PhD program in Marine Biology, MPhil life science, refresher and short-term course, environmental studies (research faculty). <br />
'''Member in professional bodies:''' 6 national &2 international. <br />
'''Technical Member:''' Kerala State Pollution Control Board, from February 2011 to April 2014 period, <br />
'''Coordinator,''' UGC – SAP program, CUSAT, Board of studies chairman, Marine Biology, CUSAT.<ref name="IQAC CUSAT"/><br />
<br />
==Research projects==<br />
Soft bottom Meiobenthic fauna as proxies of the Functional character of selected Arctic fjords; Impact of Climate variability on the India Ocean: Role of gelatinous zooplankton structuring food web structure and community assemblages; Ecology and functional diversity of meiofauna in selected Arctic fjords; Functional importance and responses of meiofauna to environmental gradients in the Arctic fjord; Marine Biodiversity and Bioprospecting for sustainable development; Network project on Mission Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD).<ref name="IQAC CUSAT"/><br />
<br />
==Consultancy Projects==<br />
As CONSULTANT MARINE BIOLOGIST in the United Nations Compensation Research Project: Studies on the Oceanographic and Biodiversity changes in the Gulf Coast waters, Saudi Arabia in the context of oil pollution due to the Gulf war, Marine Science Division, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Saudi Arabia; Mumbai Trans Harbour Link (MTHL) project: Study of Flamingos and Migratory Birds: Study of Plankton & Benthic component, funded by Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON), Coimbatore, Ministry of Environment & Forests, India; Environmental Monitoring associated with Development of an International Container Transshipment Terminal at Vallarpadam – Assessment of Mangroves, funded by National Institute of Oceanography, Govt. of India; Fish Kill in Periyar River, funded by Kerala State Pollution Control Board, Govt. of Kerala.<ref name="IQAC CUSAT"/><br />
<br />
==Funding Agencies==<br />
Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES)|National Centre for Coastal Research| National Centre for Earth Science Studies | Department of Biotechnology | Department Of Science & Technology | Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment |Kerala State Biodiversity Board | Department of Environment and Climate Change.<ref name="IQAC CUSAT"/><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nandan, Sivasankaran Bjjoy}}<br />
[[Category:1964 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Heads of universities and colleges in India]]<br />
[[Category:Indian marine biologists]]<br />
[[Category:People from Alappuzha]]<br />
[[Category:Cochin University of Science and Technology alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Academic staff of Cochin University of Science and Technology]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faisal_Malik&diff=498834Faisal Malik2026-04-20T13:50:11Z<p>IBADorris7: Done!</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian actor (born 1980)}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Faisal Malik<br />
| native_name = <br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| birth_name = <br />
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|2|18|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Allahabad]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]<br />
| occupation = Actor<br />
| years_active = 2012–present<br />
| known_for = {{ubl|''[[Panchayat (web series)|Panchayat]]''|''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 2|Gangs of Wassepur Part 2]]''}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Faisal Malik''' (born 18 February 1980) is an Indian actor, best known for his role of Prahladcha (or chacha) "Prahlad" Pandey in [[Amazon Prime Video]]'s [[Panchayat (TV series)|''Panchayat'']],<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2022 |title=Faisal Malik on the death scene in Panchayat Season 2: 'The pain of losing someone…' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/faisal-malik-emotional-death-scene-panchayat-2-prahlad-7936940/ |access-date=4 August 2022 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> ''[[Fraud Saiyaan]]'', ''[[Black Widows (web series)|Black Widows]]'' and [[Anurag Kashyap]]'s ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 2|Gangs of Wasseypur Part 2]]''. ''[[Ariyippu]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ariyippu becomes the first Malayalam film to be showcased at the Locarno Film Festival |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/ariyippu-becomes-the-first-malayalam-film-to-be-showcased-at-the-locarno-film-festival-54992.html |access-date=4 August 2022 |website=filmfare.com |language=en}}</ref> directed by [[Mahesh Narayanan]] was his Malayalam debut.<br />
<br />
== Early life ==<br />
Faisal Malik hails from [[Prayagraj]] and left the city to become an actor in Bollywood. He has worked as an assistant director, promo producer, reality show producer, and line producer.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=8 June 2022 |title=Faisal Malik: I am getting my due after two decades |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/faisal-malik-i-am-getting-my-due-after-two-decades-101654693520880.html |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
While Malik had a brief stint acting in the 2012 film Gangs of Wasseypur, he gained fame after his role as Prahlad in the web-series Panchayat.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2022 |title=For Faisal Malik, Panchayat's Prahlad, life changed thanks to Anurag Kashyap's insistence |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/panchayat-2-actor-faisal-malik-prahlad-anurag-kashyap-7937320/ |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
He has co-produced web-series such as ‘Smoke’, ‘Revolver Rani’ and ‘Main aur Charles’.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2021 |title=The biggest challenge is for producers: Faisal Malik |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/the-biggest-challenge-is-for-producers-faisal-malik-101621620651922.html |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Filmography ==<br />
{{Pending films key}}<br />
===Films===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Year!! Title !! Role !! Ref.<br />
|-<br />
|2012<br />
|''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 2]]''|| Inspector Gopal Singh ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=Gangs of Wasseypur To Panchayat Season 3, Inspiring Story Of Faisal Malik AKA Prahalad Pandey |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/originals/gangs-of-wasseypur-to-panchayat-season-3-inspiring-story-of-faisal-malik-aka-prahalad-pandey-635269.html |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=IndiaTimes |language=en-IN}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2019<br />
|''[[Fraud Saiyaan]]''<br />
|Inspector<br />
|<ref name=":1" /><br />
|-<br />
|2020<br />
|''[[Ariyippu]]'' <br />
|Dinesh Singh <br />
|Malayalam movie <br />
|-<br />
|2023<br />
|''[[Mast Mein Rehne Ka]]''<br />
|Baburam<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="3"|2024<br />
|''[[Dedh Bigha Zameen]]''<br />
|[[Police Inspector]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Pad Gaye Pange]]''<br />
|Bhaiya ji<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Jo Tera Hai Woh Mera Hai]]''<br />
| Rajan<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |2025<br />
|''[[Maa (2025 film)|Maa]]''<br />
|Bhugwa<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Thamma]]''<br />
|Inspector P. K. Yadav<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2026<br />
|''[[Subedaar (film)|Subedaar]]''<br />
|Softy Bhaiya<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Web series===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Year<br />
! Title <br />
! Role<br />
!Notes<br />
! Ref.<br />
|-<br />
|2020<br />
|''[[Black Widows (Indian TV series)|Black Widows]]''|| Inspector Bholey<br />
|<br />
|{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}<br />
|-<br />
|2020-2025<br />
|''[[Panchayat (TV series)|Panchayat]]''|| Prahlad Pandey <br />
| Season 1, 2, 3 and 4||<ref name=":1" /><br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2024<br />
|''[[Tribhuvan Mishra: CA Topper]]''<br />
|Police Inspector Haider Ali<br />
|Season 1<br />
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=14 December 2022 |title=Faisal Malik: There's a huge responsibility to deliver |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/faisal-malik-there-s-a-huge-responsibility-to-deliver-101671022915962.html |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''[[Swipe Crime]]''<br />
|Prof Kapil Khatra<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Faisal Malik to return as professor in streaming series 'Swipe Crime' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/news/hindi/faisal-malik-to-return-as-professor-in-streaming-series-swipe-crime/articleshow/116429295.cms |work=The Times of India |date=18 December 2024 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2026<br />
| {{Pending series|Teen Kauwe}}<br />
| {{TableTBA}}<br />
| [[Amazon Prime Video]] series<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 March 2026 |title='Teen Kauwe' First Look Out: Sidhant Gupta-Bobby Deol Led Spy Thriller About a Mole Inside Mumbai’s Secret Agency |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/insight/teen-kauwe-first-look-out-sidhant-gupta-bobby-deol-led-spy-thriller-about-a-mole-inside-mumbais-secret-agency-roy-kapoor-films |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter India]] |access-date=19 March 2026}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Year<br />
!Award<br />
!Category<br />
!Work<br />
!Result<br />
!{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}<br />
|-<br />
| 2023<br />
| Critics’ Choice Shorts and Series Awards<br />
| Best Supporting Actor<br />
| rowspan="4" | ''[[Panchayat (TV series)|Panchayat]]''<br />
| {{Won}}<br />
| rowspan="1" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2023 |title=Critics Choice Awards 2023: Rocket Boys, Gargi lead nominations list, check out the full list here |url=https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/critics-choice-awards-2023-rocket-boys-gargi-lead-nominations-list-check-out-the-full-list-here-575385 |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=WION |language=en-us}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |2023<br />
| rowspan="2" |Hitlist OTT Awards<br />
| rowspan="2" |Best Supporting Actor - Male<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}<br />
|-<br />
|2023<br />
|[[Iconic Gold Awards]]<br />
|Best Supporting Actor of the Year<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zee Critics' Choice Awards: Faisal Malik shines in 'Panchayat Season 2', wins Best Supporting Actor |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/video-zee-critics-choice-awards-faisal-malik-shines-in-panchayat-season-2-wins-best-supporting-actor-3036563 |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Malik, Faisal}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male television actors]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]<br />
[[Category:People from Prayagraj]]<br />
[[Category:1980 births]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ram_Saran&diff=529018Ram Saran2026-04-20T09:28:22Z<p>IBADorris7: started a post w/ refs</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Ram Saran<br />
| image =<br />
| image size = <br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1963|04|02|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Lakhimpur, Uttar Pradesh|Lakhimpur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
| office = Members of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]<br />
| term_start = 15 March 2012<br />
| constituency = Srinagar[[Lakhimpur district|Lakhimpur]]<br />
| term_end = <br />
| party = [[Samajwadi Party]]<br />
| spouse = Shyama Devi<br />
| profession = [[Politician]]<br />
| footnotes = <br />
| date = <br />
| year = <br />
| source = <br />
}}<br />
'''Ram Saran''' represents Sninagar vidhansabha of Lakhimpur as member of the legislative assembly.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.amarujala.com/news/city/lakhimpur-kheri/Lakhimpur-47851-121/|title = जनता की समस्याएं सुनेंगे विधायक रामसरन}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://infoelections.com/infoelection/index.php/up-news/822-uttar-pradesh-assembly-mlas-list-2012.html|title=Assembly Election Results Dates Candidate List Opinion/Exit Poll Latest News, Political Consulting Survey Election Campaign Management Company India}}</ref> He is an Indian politician and Member of the Samajwadi Party.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://hindi.pardaphash.com/news/--740471/740471.html#.Vae6PuKqqko |title=लखीमपुर खीरी: बंटे लैपटाप, खुशी से झूमे विद्यार्थी |website=hindi.pardaphash.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716202046/http://hindi.pardaphash.com/news/--740471/740471.html |archive-date=2015-07-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/lakhimpur-kheri-lakhimpurkhiri-festival-11061866.html|title=लखीमपुर महोत्सव में बही भोजपुरी बयार}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Early life and education ==<br />
<br />
Saran was born on 2 April 1963 in a middle-class family at Lakhimpur, Uttar Pradesh. His father Nangaram was a onetime Member of Legislative Uttar Pradesh. Saran did his basic education from government primary schools and graduated from KKC KKC, Lucknow.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Saran, Ram}}<br />
[[Category:1963 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2012–2017]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manu_Fernandes&diff=516340Manu Fernandes2026-04-20T02:02:21Z<p>IBADorris7: created details</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description| Indian politician and businessman (born 1944)}}<br />
{{distinguish|Manu Fernández (footballer, born 1986)|Manu Fernández (footballer, born 2001)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2023}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Manu Fernandes<br />
| birth_name = Manuel Gregorio Fernandes<br />
| caption = Official portrait in 1995<br />
| image =<br />
| image_size = 150px<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1944|9|11|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Betul, Goa]], [[Portuguese India]]<br />
| office = [[Goa Legislative Assembly|Member of Goa Legislative Assembly]]<br />
| constituency = [[Cuncolim Assembly constituency|Cuncolim]]<br />
| term_start = 1984<br />
| term_end = 1994<br />
| predecessor = [[Jose Vaz]]<br />
| majority = {{plainlist|<br />
* 5,535 (43.94%){{efn|for the year 1984–1989; followed by the next term.}}<br />
* 4,243 (33.10%)}}<br />
| successor = [[Arecio D'Souza]]<br />
| constituency2 = [[Velim Assembly constituency|Velim]]<br />
| term_start2 = 1994<br />
| term_end2 = 1999<br />
| predecessor2 = [[Farrel Furtado]]<br />
| majority2 = 5,409 (46.66%)<br />
| successor2 = [[Filipe Nery Rodrigues]]<br />
| party = <br />
| spouse = Alcina Fernandes<br />
| other_party = <br />
| children = <br />
| education = ''Segundo Año do Liceu''<br />
| alma_mater = <br />
| website = <br />
| occupation = {{hlist|Politician|businessman}} <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Manuel Gregorio''' "'''Manu'''" '''Fernandes''' (born 11 September 1944) is an Indian politician and businessman who is a former member of the [[Goa Legislative Assembly]], representing the [[Cuncolim Assembly constituency]] from 1984 to 1994 and [[Velim Assembly constituency]] from 1994 to 1999.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Goa General Election 1994 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3850-goa-1994/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fernandes Manu winner in Velim, Goa Assembly Elections 1994: LIVE Results & Latest News: Election Dates, Polling Schedule, Election Results & Live Election Updates |url=https://www.latestly.com/elections/assembly-elections/goa/1994/velim/ |access-date=2022-08-31 |website=LatestLY |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Velim (Goa) Election Results 2017, Winner, Runner-up and MLA Candidates |url=https://www.elections.in/goa/assembly-constituencies/velim.html |access-date=2022-08-31 |website=Elections in India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Velim MLA opens two offices in constituency |url=https://www.thegoan.net/goa-news/%EF%BB%BFvelim-mla-opens-two-offices-in-constituency/82953.html |access-date=2022-08-31 |website=The Goan EveryDay |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Early and personal life==<br />
Fernandes was born in [[Betul, Goa]], which was part of [[Portuguese India]]. He completed his ([[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]: ''Segundo Año do Liceu'' or 10th grade). He is married to Alcina Fernandes and resides at [[Margao]], Goa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bio Data of Manu Fernandes |url=http://www.goavidhansabha.gov.in/uploads/members/11_promember_manu94.pdf |website=goavidhasabha.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Goa Legislative Assembly |url=https://www.goavidhansabha.gov.in/member_detail.php?mem_id=11#elections-results |access-date=2022-08-31 |website=www.goavidhansabha.gov.in}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Positions held==<br />
* Former Chairman of Goa Industrial Development Corporation (G.I.D.C)<br />
* Executive Committee Member of [[Goa Pradesh Congress Committee]] (G.P.C.C.)<br />
* Committee Member on Petitions 1990-91<br />
* Estimates Committee Member 1991-92, 1992–93, 1993–94 <br />
* Petitions Committee Chairman 1992-93<br />
* Library Committee Member 1991-92<br />
* Public Accounts Committee Member 1991-92, 1992–93, 1993–94<br />
* Government Assurances Committee Member 1992-93, 1993–94<br />
* Committee Member on Public Undertakings 1992-93<br />
* Committee Chairman on Petitions 1993-94<br />
* Estimates Committee Chairman 1995-96 <br />
* Presently, Chairman of Khadi and Village Industries Board<ref name=":0" /><br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{Notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fernandes, Manu}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:1944 births]]<br />
[[Category:Goa MLAs 1984–1989]]<br />
[[Category:Goa MLAs 1989–1994]]<br />
[[Category:Goa MLAs 1994–1999]]<br />
[[Category:People from Margao]]<br />
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Goa]]<br />
[[Category:Independent politicians in India]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kazi_Kutubuddin_Ahmed&diff=509122Kazi Kutubuddin Ahmed2026-04-19T22:43:43Z<p>IBADorris7: New basic stub basic info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Kazi Kutubuddin Ahmed<br />
| image =<br />
| birth_date = <br />
| death_date = <br />
| birth_place = <br />
| alma_mater = <br />
| death_place = <br />
| office = Member of the [[Assam Legislative Assembly]]<br />
| term_start = 1978<br />
| term_end = 1983<br />
| predecessor = [[M.C Singha]]<br />
| successor = [[Dinesh Prasad Goala]]<br />
| constituency = [[Lakhipur Assembly constituency|Lakhipur]]<br />
| term_start1 = <br />
| term_end1 = <br />
| predecessor1 = <br />
| successor1 = <br />
| constituency1 = <br />
| party = [[Independent politician|Independent]]<br />
| children = <br />
| source = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Kazi Kutubuddin Ahmed''' is an Indian politician who was elected to the [[Assam Legislative Assembly]] from the [[Lakhipur Assembly constituency|Lakhipur constituency]] as an independent candidate in the [[1978 Assam Legislative Assembly election]].<ref name="eci1978">{{cite web | url=https://eci.gov.in/statistical-report/statistical-reports/ | title=STATISTICAL REPORTS OF GENERAL ELECTION TO STATE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY (VIDHANSABHA) 1978 | publisher=Election Commission of india | accessdate=28 November 2020 | archive-date=9 December 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209123723/https://eci.gov.in/statistical-report/statistical-reports/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="assam">{{cite web | url=http://assamassembly.gov.in/mla-1985-91.html | title=Assam Legislative Assembly - Members 1978-83 | publisher=Govt. of Assam | accessdate=29 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1978 |title=STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1978 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF ASSAM |url=https://hindi.eci.gov.in/files/file/3996-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8-1978/?do=download |url-status=live |access-date=16 November 2024 |website=eci.gov.in |archive-date=30 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930232159/https://hindi.eci.gov.in/files/file/3996-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8-1978/?do=download }}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ahmed, Kazi Kutubuddin}}<br />
[[Category:Independent politicians from Assam]]<br />
[[Category:People from Cachar district]]<br />
[[Category:Assam MLAs 1978–1983]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br />
<br />
{{Assam-politician-stub}}</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cyclone_Sitrang&diff=495091Cyclone Sitrang2026-04-18T05:40:35Z<p>IBADorris7: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|North Indian Ocean cyclone in 2022}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox weather event<br />
| name = Cyclonic Storm Sitrang<br />
| image = Sitrang 2022-10-24 0330Z.jpg<br />
| caption = Sitrang near peak intensity, just before landfall in [[Bangladesh]] on 24 October<br />
| formed = 22 October 2022<br />
| dissipated = 25 October 2022<br />
}}{{Infobox weather event/IMD<br />
| winds = 45<br />
| pressure = 996<br />
}}{{Infobox weather event/JTWC<br />
| winds = 45<br />
| pressure = 997<br />
}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects<br />
| year = 2022<br />
| damage = 105000000<br />
| fatalities = 35 total<br />
| areas = [[Bangladesh]], [[Northeast India]]<br />
| refs = <ref name="IMD Report"/><br />
| ibtracs = 2022295N13093<br />
}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer<br />
| season = [[2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Cyclonic Storm Sitrang'''{{efn|The name ''Sitrang'' ([[Thai language|Thai]]: ศรีตรัง, [[Help:IPA/Thai|[siː˩˩˦ traŋ˧]]]) was contributed by [[Thailand]] and refers to the [[blue jacaranda]] (''Jacaranda mimosifolia'') in [[Thai language|Thai]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Where did Sitrang get its name from and what it means? Know how cyclones are named. |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-where-did-sitrang-get-its-name-from-and-what-it-means-know-how-cyclones-are-named-2995454 |website=DNA India |access-date=24 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Cyclone Sitrang: What to know? |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/climate-crisis/natural-disaster/news/cyclone-sitrang-what-know-3150841 |website=The Daily Star |access-date=24 October 2022}}</ref>|group="nb"}} was the first [[tropical cyclone]] to make [[landfall]] in [[Bangladesh]] since [[Cyclone Mora|Mora]] in [[2017 North Indian Ocean cyclone season|2017]]. The second named storm of the relatively quiet [[2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]], Sitrang developed from an area of [[atmospheric convection|convection]] over the northern [[Andaman Sea]] on 18 October. The system tracked northwestward and slowly gaining strength. On 22 October, it was classified as a depression while located just west of the [[Andaman Islands]]. On the next day, the system intensified to Cyclonic Storm Sitrang and curved north-northeast. Sitrang strengthened slightly and attained peak intensity on 24 October, before making landfall in [[Barisal Division]]. The cyclone weakened quickly after landfall, and degenerated to a low-pressure area over northeastern Bangladesh.<br />
<br />
As Sitrang approached, ports of Bangladesh were put under warning signals. Ten million people were forced to evacuate in advance of the cyclone. Fisherman were urged to return from deep sea and anchored their boats. The government prepared shelters for those who lived in vulnerable regions to stay. Schools suspended classes and examinations on 24 October. Flights in Bangladesh and [[northeast India]] were cancelled due to adverse weather. Water transports were stopped for safety reason.<br />
<br />
Sitrang brought heavy rainfall to Bangladesh and northeast India. Numerous places in Bangladesh recorded 24-hour rainfall of over {{convert|200|mm|in|abbr=on}}, though rainfall in northeast India was comparably lower. 35 people were dead after Sitrang, including eight workers from a sand mining dredger.<ref name="35 dead"/> The cyclone caused widespread damage across south-central Bangladesh, with thousands of trees were uprooted. Heavy rain from Sitrang triggered flooding which inundated croplands and fish farms, 150,000 farmers were affected. Ten million people lost power supply. Internet and digital communications were disrupted because of downed mobile towers. Over 20,000 houses were damaged by the cyclone. Highways were blocked by fallen trees and interrupted road transport. Damages across Bangladesh amounted to [[Bangladeshi taka|৳]]10.7&nbsp;billion (US$105&nbsp;million).<ref name="farm damage"/><ref name="electricity damage"/><ref name="Khatunganj damage"/><br />
<br />
==Meteorological history==<br />
{{Storm path|Sitrang 2022 track.png}}<br />
Sitrang originated from an area of [[atmospheric convection|convection]] over the northern [[Andaman Sea]] on 18 October. Despite low [[wind shear]] and warm [[sea surface temperature]] of {{convert|28|–|30|C|F|abbr=on}}, the center was elongated and ill-defined.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/abioweb.txt|title=Significant Tropical Weather Advisory For the Indian Ocean 18 October 2022 18z|work=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=18 October 2022|access-date=19 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305000000/https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/abioweb.txt|archive-date=5 March 2023|url-status=dead}} [https://dn720006.ca.archive.org/0/items/jtwc-archive-txt-2022/2022-10-18-1800-abioweb.txt Alt URL]</ref> Two days later, the [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD) noted a [[low-pressure area]] formed and began monitoring the system.<ref name="IMD Report">{{cite report|url=https://rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/download.php?path=uploads/report/26/26_bb22cb_Cyclonic%20Storm%20SITRANG-A%20Brief%20Report.pdf|title=Cyclonic Storm SITRANG over the BoB (22nd-25th October, 2022): A Report|work=Indian Meteorological Department|year=2023|access-date=10 March 2023}}</ref> Early on 22 October, the IMD classified it as a depression and assigned it as ''BOB 09'' while located just west of the [[Andaman Islands]]. Organization of the system improved as deep convection developed over the center, which prompted the [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] (JTWC) to issue a [[Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert]] (TCFA) later that day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/abioweb.txt|title=Significant Tropical Weather Advisory For the Indian Ocean 22 October 2022 1530z|work=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=22 October 2022|access-date=22 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305000000/https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/abioweb.txt|archive-date=5 March 2023|url-status=dead}} [https://dn720006.ca.archive.org/0/items/jtwc-archive-txt-2022/2022-10-22-1530-abioweb.txt Alt URL]</ref> Early on 23 October, the IMD upgraded it to a deep depression, as it curved north-northeast along the western edge of a [[subtropical ridge]].<ref name="IMD Report"/> Later that day, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical storm and assigned it as ''05B'', as extensive deep convection began to obscure the center,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt|title=Prognostic Reasoning For Tropical Cyclone 05B (FIVE) Warning Nr 001|work=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=23 October 2022|access-date=23 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt|archive-date=5 March 2023|url-status=dead}} [https://dn720003.ca.archive.org/0/items/jtwc-archive-prog-2022/2022-10-23-1440-io0522prog.txt Alt URL]</ref> while the IMD upgraded it to a cyclonic storm and received the name ''Sitrang''.<ref name="IMD Report"/> Sitrang was a large tropical cyclone with a diameter of around {{convert|1110|km|mi|abbr=on}}. It was also an asymmetrical cyclone, as the deep convection was sheared to the northeast because of increasing wind shear.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt|title=Prognostic Reasoning For Tropical Cyclone 05B (SITRANG) Warning Nr 004|work=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=24 October 2022|access-date=24 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt|archive-date=5 March 2023|url-status=dead}} [https://dn720003.ca.archive.org/0/items/jtwc-archive-prog-2022/2022-10-24-0820-io0522prog.txt Alt URL]</ref> Sitrang accelerated to the north-northeast along the western edge of the ridge and intensified slightly.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt|title=Prognostic Reasoning For Tropical Cyclone 05B (SITRANG) Warning Nr 005|work=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=24 October 2022|access-date=24 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt|archive-date=5 March 2023|url-status=dead}} [https://dn720003.ca.archive.org/0/items/jtwc-archive-prog-2022/2022-10-24-1410-io0522prog.txt Alt URL]</ref> Between 21:30 and 23:30 [[Time in India|IST]] (16:00–18:00 UTC), Sitrang made landfall between Tinkona and [[Sandwip]], near [[Barisal]], with winds of 85&nbsp;km/h (50&nbsp;kmph).<ref name="IMD Report"/> The cyclone began to weaken shortly after landfall, the IMD downgraded it to a deep depression at 21:00 UTC, while the JTWC issued its final warnings to Sitrang.<ref name="IMD Report"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt|title=Tropical Cyclone 05B (Sitrang) Warning Nr 006|work=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=24 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305000000/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt|archive-date=5 March 2023|url-status=dead}} [https://dn720006.ca.archive.org/0/items/jtwc-archive-txt-2022/2022-10-24-1940-io0522web.txt Alt URL]</ref> Eaely on the next day, Sitrang weakened to a low-pressure area over the northestern Bangladesh.<ref name="IMD Report"/><br />
<br />
==Preparations and impact==<br />
[[File:ECDM 20221024 TC SITRANG.pdf|upright=1.2|thumb|[[Emergency Response Coordination Centre]] map on the potential impacts of Sitrang]]<br />
The [[Bangladesh Meteorological Department]] (BMD) issued a warning signal no. 4 to local ports on 23 October, which means winds of {{convert|51|–|61|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} was expected to impact the ports.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/pothmr470c|title=Bangladesh raises warning signal No. 4 as Cyclone Sitrang hurtles in|website=bdnews24.com|date=23 October 2022|access-date=23 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221023113829/https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/pothmr470c|archive-date=23 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> The signals were lowered as Sitrang made landfall and weakened.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/national/cyclone-sitrang-lashes-bangladesh-with-deadly-wind-rains-1666664410|title=Cyclone Sitrang lashes Bangladesh with deadly wind, rains|work=The Financial Express|date=25 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025024653/https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/national/cyclone-sitrang-lashes-bangladesh-with-deadly-wind-rains-1666664410|archive-date=25 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> At least ten million people were evacuated to safety places in advance of the cyclone.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.khmertimeskh.com/501175733/cyclone-drives-10-million-in-bangladesh-to-safer-areas/|title=Cyclone drives 10 million in Bangladesh to safer areas|work=Khmer Times|date=27 October 2022|access-date=10 March 2025|archive-url=https://archive.today/20250310054414/https://www.khmertimeskh.com/501175733/cyclone-drives-10-million-in-bangladesh-to-safer-areas/|archive-date=10 March 2025|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="35 dead"/> Fisherman were asked to return from deep sea and anchored their boats in the Bay of Bengal.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/south-asia/cyclone-sitrang-bangladesh-mass-evacuations-b2209944.html|title=Thousands evacuated as Cyclone Sitrang hits Bangladesh: 'Looked like the sea was coming to grab us'|work=The Independent|date=25 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025112636/https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/south-asia/cyclone-sitrang-bangladesh-mass-evacuations-b2209944.html|archive-date=25 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> The government prepared 7,490 shelters for the regions prone to Sitrang. 219,690 people were sheltered there.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://albd.org/articles/news/39986/4-lakh-people-living-in-PM%E2%80%99s-gift-houses:-They-didn%E2%80%99t-have-to-go-to-cyclone%C2%A0shelters|title=4 lakh people living in PM's gift houses: They didn't have to go to cyclone shelters|work=Bangladesh Awami League|date=26 October 2022|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026175141/https://albd.org/articles/news/39986/4-lakh-people-living-in-PM%E2%80%99s-gift-houses:-They-didn%E2%80%99t-have-to-go-to-cyclone%C2%A0shelters|archive-date=26 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh]] suspended the class and examinations on 24 October due to Sitrang.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ulab.edu.bd/2022/10/24/suspension-academic-activities-ulab-due-cyclone-sitrang|title=Suspension of Academic Activities at ULAB due to Cyclone Sitrang|date=24 October 2022|access-date=3 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203132721/https://ulab.edu.bd/2022/10/24/suspension-academic-activities-ulab-due-cyclone-sitrang|archive-date=3 December 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Primary schools in [[Chittagong Division|Chittagong]], [[Khulna Division|Khulna]], and [[Barisal Division]]s were closed on that day.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/education/directorate-primary-education-instructs-keep-govt-schools-open-despite-cyclone|title=Directorate of Primary Education instructs to keep govt schools open despite cyclone Sitrang|work=The Business Standard|date=25 October 2022|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026110507/https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/education/directorate-primary-education-instructs-keep-govt-schools-open-despite-cyclone|archive-date=26 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> 60 flights from [[Biman Bangladesh Airlines|Biman Bangladesh]], [[US-Bangla Airlines|US-Bangla]], and [[Novoair]] were cancelled due to adverse weather.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/life-living/travel/news/3-airlines-cancel-60-domestic-flights-due-poor-weather-3151116|title=3 airlines cancel 60 domestic flights due to squally weather|work=The Daily Star|date=24 October 2022|access-date=24 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024153630/https://www.thedailystar.net/life-living/travel/news/3-airlines-cancel-60-domestic-flights-due-poor-weather-3151116|archive-date=24 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Inland water transports were stopped due to safety concern.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/climate-crisis/natural-disaster/news/cyclone-sitrang-inland-water-vessel-services-suspended-3150816|title=Inland water vessel services suspended due to rough weather|work=The Daily Star|date=24 October 2022|access-date=24 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024074626/https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/climate-crisis/natural-disaster/news/cyclone-sitrang-inland-water-vessel-services-suspended-3150816|archive-date=24 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Airports Authority of India]] (AAI) cancelled ten flights in [[northeast India]]. Train services were also interrupted in the region, leaving many people stranded.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://zeenews.india.com/aviation/cyclone-sitrang-multiple-flights-trains-cancelled-in-northeast-states-several-passengers-affected-2526337.html|title=Cyclone Sitrang: Multiple flights, trains CANCELLED in Northeast states, several passengers affected|work=Zee News|date=25 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025043446/https://zeenews.india.com/aviation/cyclone-sitrang-multiple-flights-trains-cancelled-in-northeast-states-several-passengers-affected-2526337.html|archive-date=25 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
Sitrang brought heavy rainfall to Bangladesh. 24-hour rainfall peaked at {{convert|324|mm|in|abbr=on}} in [[Barisal]]. [[Madaripur]] recorded 24-hour rainfall of {{convert|315|mm|in|abbr=on}}. Places like [[Dhaka]], [[Tangail]], [[Kalapara Upazila]], [[Bagerhat]], [[Patuakhali]], [[Bhola District]], [[Khulna]], and [[Faridpur District]] recorded 24-hour rainfall of over {{convert|200|mm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/296630/cyclone-sitrang-barisal-sees-324mm-of-rainfall-in|title=Cyclone Sitrang: Barisal sees 324mm of rainfall in 24 hours|work=Dhaka Tribune|date=25 October 2022|access-date=16 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616001039/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/296630/cyclone-sitrang-barisal-sees-324mm-of-rainfall-in|archive-date=16 June 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> Rainfall in northeast India was relatively lower, about {{convert|50|–|80|mm|abbr=on}} in [[Arunachal Pradesh]] and nearby areas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://weather.com/en-IN/india/news/news/2022-10-25-cyclone-sitrang-live-death-toll-landfall-impacts-over-bangladesh|title=Cyclone Sitrang LIVE: Death Toll Rises to 9; Downpours to Continue Across Northeast India|work=The Weather Channel|date=25 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025072733/https://weather.com/en-IN/india/news/news/2022-10-25-cyclone-sitrang-live-death-toll-landfall-impacts-over-bangladesh|archive-date=25 October 2022|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sitrang killed 35 people. Eight workers died due to the sinking of a sand mining dredger off the coast of [[Mirsarai]], while majority of the remaining fatalities were due to drowning and tree falling.<ref name="35 dead">{{cite news|last=Sakib|first=Najmus|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/death-toll-from-cyclone-sitrang-rises-to-35-in-bangladesh/2721211|title=Death toll from Cyclone Sitrang rises to 35 in Bangladesh|work=Anadolu Ajansı|date=26 October 2022|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026105758/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/death-toll-from-cyclone-sitrang-rises-to-35-in-bangladesh/2721211|archive-date=26 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://english.news.cn/20221027/ef58cece9d4f427a8817aef98c979a42/c.html|title=Bodies of 8 workers recovered after dredger sinks off Bangladesh during cyclone Sitrang|work=Xinhua News|date=27 October 2022|access-date=27 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027103904/https://english.news.cn/20221027/ef58cece9d4f427a8817aef98c979a42/c.html|archive-date=27 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Boats carrying 20 fishermen capsized off the [[Sagar Island]], and they were rescued by [[Indian Coast Guard]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/indian-coast-guard-rescues-20-bangladeshi-fishermen-post-landfall-of-cyclone-sitrang/article66056303.ece|title=Cyclone Sitrang {{!}} 20 Bangladeshi fishermen rescued by Indian Coast Guard handed over to BCG|work=The Hindu|date=26 October 2022|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026081313/https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/indian-coast-guard-rescues-20-bangladeshi-fishermen-post-landfall-of-cyclone-sitrang/article66056303.ece|archive-date=26 October 2022|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Sitrang caused widespread damage across south-central Bangladesh.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/climate-crisis/natural-disaster/news/photos-cyclone-sitrang-leaves-trail-destruction-3152876|title=In photos: Cyclone Sitrang leaves a trail of destruction|work=The Daily Star|date=26 October 2022|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026124535/https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/climate-crisis/natural-disaster/news/photos-cyclone-sitrang-leaves-trail-destruction-3152876|archive-date=26 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Thousands of trees were uprooted by strong winds.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/weather/news/sitrang-leaves-devastation-and-death-3152186|title=Damage less than feared|work=The Daily Star|date=26 October 2022|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026022319/https://www.thedailystar.net/business/economy/news/cyclone-sitrang-damages-aman-crops-fish-farms-3152306|archive-date=26 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Heavy rainfall from Sitrang triggered flooding which inundated {{convert|33000|ha|acre|abbr=on}} of Aman paddy crop and fish farms.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Parvez|first1=Sohel|last2=Roy|first2=Dipankar|last3=Shabuj|first3=Mostafa|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/business/economy/news/cyclone-sitrang-damages-aman-crops-fish-farms-3152306|title=Cyclone Sitrang damages Aman crops, fish farms|work=The Daily Star|date=26 October 2022|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026022319/https://www.thedailystar.net/business/economy/news/cyclone-sitrang-damages-aman-crops-fish-farms-3152306|archive-date=26 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> 150,000 farmers were affected by the cyclone, and incurred a loss of [[Bangladeshi taka|৳]]3.5&nbsp;billion (US$34.4&nbsp;million).<ref name="farm damage">{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/business/economy/news/farmers-suffer-nearly-tk-350cr-loss-sitrang-3157471|title=Farmers suffer nearly Tk 350cr loss for Sitrang|work=The Daily Star|date=1 November 2022|access-date=1 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101094217/https://www.thedailystar.net/business/economy/news/farmers-suffer-nearly-tk-350cr-loss-sitrang-3157471|archive-date=1 November 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> In [[Char Fasson Upazila]], floodwaters of {{convert|3|–|5|ft|m|abbr=on}} trapped 10,000 people, in which 2,000 of them were moved to shelters.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/special-events/cyclone-sitrang/news/cyclone-sitrang-10000-people-stranded-bholas-char-fasson-3151566|title=Cyclone Sitrang: 10,000 people stranded in Bhola's Char Fasson|work=The Daily Star|date=25 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025034706/https://www.thedailystar.net/special-events/cyclone-sitrang/news/cyclone-sitrang-10000-people-stranded-bholas-char-fasson-3151566|archive-date=25 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Ten million people experienced power outages.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rfi.fr/en/international-news/20221025-16-dead-million-seek-shelter-as-cyclone-hits-bangladesh|title=16 dead, million seek shelter as cyclone hits Bangladesh|work=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Radio France internationale|date=25 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025081958/https://www.rfi.fr/en/international-news/20221025-16-dead-million-seek-shelter-as-cyclone-hits-bangladesh|archive-date=25 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> The electricity sector reported a damage of ৳2.2&nbsp;billion (US$21.6&nbsp;million).<ref name="electricity damage">{{cite news|url=https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/klz02w1mvl|title=Sitrang causes a damage worth Tk 2.2b in electricity sector|work=Prothom Alo|date=26 October 2022|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026174844/https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/klz02w1mvl|archive-date=26 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> 7,343 mobile towers were downed, which disrupted Internet and digital communications.<ref>{{cite news|author=Desk, Toggle|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/tech-startup/news/cyclone-sitrang-downed-7343-mobile-towers-19-districts-3152026|title=Cyclone Sitrang downed 7,343 mobile towers in 19 districts|work=The Daily Star|date=25 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025152509/https://www.thedailystar.net/tech-startup/news/cyclone-sitrang-downed-7343-mobile-towers-19-districts-3152026|archive-date=25 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Over 20,000 houses were damages by the cyclone.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kyeemafoundation.org/humanitarian-response-to-cyclone-sitrang-in-bangladesh/|title=Humanitarian Response to Cyclone Sitrang in Bangladesh|work=Kyeema Foundation|year=2023|access-date=4 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304233940/https://kyeemafoundation.org/humanitarian-response-to-cyclone-sitrang-in-bangladesh/|archive-date=4 March 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhaka-Khulna and Dhaka-Barishal highways were blocked by fallen trees, but re-opened ten hours later.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/climate-crisis/natural-disaster/news/cyclone-sitrang-dhaka-khulna-dhaka-barishal-highways-reopen-after-10hrs-3151606|title=Cyclone Sitrang: Dhaka-Khulna, Dhaka-Barishal highways reopen after 10hrs|work=The Daily Star|date=25 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025051224/https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/climate-crisis/natural-disaster/news/cyclone-sitrang-dhaka-khulna-dhaka-barishal-highways-reopen-after-10hrs-3151606|archive-date=25 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> A local wholesale market suffered a loss of ৳5&nbsp;billion (US$49.2&nbsp;million).<ref name="Khatunganj damage">{{cite news|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/economy/sitrang-causes-khatunganj-traders-tk500cr-loss-525766|title=Sitrang causes Khatunganj traders Tk500cr loss|work=The Business Standard|date=5 November 2022|access-date=8 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008223951/https://www.tbsnews.net/economy/sitrang-causes-khatunganj-traders-tk500cr-loss-525766|archive-date=8 October 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Aftermath==<br />
The government of Bangladesh distributed [[Bangladeshi taka|৳]]25,000 (US$245) for families of the dead.<ref>{{cite news|last=Chowdhury|first=Moinul Hoque|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/vpqe03mky6|title=Cyclone Sitrang leaves a trail of destruction in Bangladesh as death toll rises|website=bdnews24.com|date=26 October 2022|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026052743/https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/vpqe03mky6|archive-date=October 26, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> A family received an additional aid of ৳6,000 (US$59) for rehabilitation and tin sheets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://unb.com.bd/category/bangladesh/cyclone-sitrang-kills-at-least-29-across-bangladesh/103226|title=Cyclone Sitrang kills at least 29 across Bangladesh|work=United News of Bangladesh|date=25 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025181107/https://unb.com.bd/category/bangladesh/cyclone-sitrang-kills-at-least-29-across-bangladesh/103226|archive-date=25 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> The government of [[Patuakhali District]] prepared {{convert|25|t|lb|abbr=on}} of rice with an aid of ৳750,000 (US$7,400), while the government of [[Cox's Bazar District]] prepared {{convert|323|t|lb|abbr=on}} of rice, an aid valued at ৳800,000 (US$7,900), 1,198 packages of dried food, 350 cartons of pre-packaged cakes, and 400 cartons of digestive biscuits for those who were affected by Sitrang.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/climate-crisis/natural-disaster/news/cyclone-sitrang-most-part-patuakhali-out-power-3150831|title=Cyclone Sitrang: Most part of Patuakhali out of power|work=The Daily Star|date=24 October 2022|access-date=24 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024080854/https://www.thedailystar.net/environment/climate-crisis/natural-disaster/news/cyclone-sitrang-most-part-patuakhali-out-power-3150831|archive-date=24 October 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Aziz|first=Abdul|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/296580/cyclone-sitrang-people-being-evacuated-from-cox-s|title=Cyclone Sitrang: People being evacuated from Cox's Bazar coast|work=Dhaka Tribune|date=24 October 2022|access-date=25 October 2022}}</ref> [[Meta Platforms|Meta]] provided ৳15&nbsp;million (US$148,000) to [[Bangladesh Red Crescent Society]] and [[BRAC (organisation)|BRAC]] to assist rehabilitation efforts for the areas impacted by Sitrang.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/6whsufog8i|title=Meta commits Tk 15m for rehabilitation of Sitrang-affected communities in Bangladesh|work=Prothom Alo|date=17 November 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117071919/https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/6whsufog8i|archive-date=17 November 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> However, some victims had not received any assistance besides the initial relief of dry food which distributed shortly after the cyclone.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/editorial/news/why-are-sitrangs-victims-still-waiting-relief-and-rehabilitation-3199281|title=Why are Sitrang's victims still waiting for relief and rehabilitation?|work=The Daily Star|date=18 December 2022|access-date=18 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218124516/https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/editorial/news/why-are-sitrangs-victims-still-waiting-relief-and-rehabilitation-3199281|archive-date=18 December 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones|Bangladesh|India}}<br />
* [[Weather of 2022]]<br />
* [[Tropical cyclones in 2022]]<br />
* [[2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]<br />
* [[Cyclone Viyaru]]<br />
* [[Cyclone Amphan]], an extremely powerful tropical cyclone that affected Bangladesh in 2020<br />
* [[Cyclone Sidr]]<br />
* [[Cyclone Midhili]]<br />
* [[Cyclone Remal]]<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Commons category}}<br />
<br />
{{2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season buttons}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2022 in Bangladesh]]<br />
[[Category:2022 disasters in Asia]]<br />
[[Category:October 2022 in Asia]]<br />
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2022|Sitrang]]<br />
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in Bangladesh|Sitrang]]<br />
[[Category:2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season|Sitrang]]<br />
[[Category:Cyclonic storms|Sitrang]]<br />
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in India]]<br />
[[Category:Meteorological events in 2022]]<br />
[[Category:2022 disasters in India]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Md_Anwarul_Haque_(Indian_politician)&diff=517076Md Anwarul Haque (Indian politician)2026-04-16T04:39:23Z<p>IBADorris7: created a data</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{Similar names|Anwar ul Haq}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Md Anwarul Haque<br />
| office = Member of the [[Thirteenth Lok Sabha]]<br />
| birth_place = Garahia, [[Sheohar district]], [[Bihar]]<br />
| birth_date = 10 February 1948<br />
| death_date = 12 August 2016<br />
| constituency = [[Sheohar Lok Sabha constituency|Sheohar]]<br />
| other_party = [[Rashtriya Janata Dal (Democratic)]] <br/> [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br />
| party = [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]<br />
| parents = Abdul Aziz (father) <br/> Sabra Khatoon (mother)<br />
| spouse = Noorun Nisa (m. 1965)<br />
| education = Fazil<br />
| alma_mater = [[Madrasa Islamia Shamsul Hoda]]<br />
| successor = [[Sitaram Singh]]<br />
| predecessor = [[Anand Mohan Singh]]<br />
| term_start = 1999<br />
| term_end = 2004<br />
}}<br />
'''Md Anwarul Haque''' (10 February 1948 – 12 August 2016)<ref>{{Cite web |title=शिवहर के पूर्व सांसद मो. अनवारुल हक नहीं रहे |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/news/bihar/article1-ex-mp-anwarool-haque-passes-away-550898.html |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=Hindustan |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=पूर्व सांसद अनवारुल हक का निधन, नीतीश कुमार ने जताया शोक |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/patna/843819 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=Prabhat Khabar |language=hi}}</ref> was an Indian politician who served as a Member of the [[13th Lok Sabha|Thirteenth Lok Sabha]] from [[Sheohar Lok Sabha constituency]], representing the [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]], later switching to [[Rashtriya Janata Dal (Democratic)]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Members : Lok Sabha |url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/members/memberbioprofile.aspx?mpsno=150&lastls=13 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=loksabhaph.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=🗳️ Md Anwarul Haque, Sheohar Lok Sabha Elections 1999 in India Live Results |url=https://www.latestly.com/elections/loksabha-elections/1999/bihar/sheohar/md-anwarul-haque/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=LatestLY |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 July 2001 |first=Dipak |last=Mishra |title=New party a setback for Ranjan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/new-party-a-setback-for-ranjan/articleshow/1771279099.cms |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2001-05-11 |title=Fissures in the RJD |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/other/article30250547.ece |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=frontline.thehindu.com |language=en}}</ref> He was Member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from the [[Sonbarsha, Sitamarhi Assembly constituency|Sonbarsa]] representing the [[Indian National Congress (I)]] in [[1980 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1980]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-29 |title=Sonbarsa 1 1980 Assembly MLA Election Bihar |url=https://entranceindia.com/election-and-politics/sonbarsa-1-constituency-bihar-assembly-election-1980-results-mla-voters-political-parties-data/ |access-date=2024-08-18 | first=M | last=Prakash | publisher=Entrance India |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=🗳️ M. Anwarul Haque winner in Sonbarsa, Bihar Assembly Elections 1980 |url=https://www.latestly.com/elections/assembly-elections/bihar/1980/sonbarsa/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=LatestLY |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
He joined the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] in 2004 and partook in the [[2004 Indian general election|2004 Parliamentary elections]], but didn't manage to win. He left BJP in same year after the election.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 October 2004 |title=Ex-MP Anwarul now quits BJP |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/ex-mp-anwarul-now-quits-bjp/articleshow/892239.cms |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:1948 births]]<br />
[[Category:2016 deaths]]<br />
<br />
{{Bihar-RJD-politician-stub}}</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Payal_Assembly_constituency&diff=524972Payal Assembly constituency2026-04-15T23:25:23Z<p>IBADorris7: started new data v1 - done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Punjab State, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| name = Payal<br />
| map_image = 67-Payal.svg<br />
| state = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]<br />
| district = [[Ludhiana district|Ludhiana]]<br />
| loksabha_cons = [[Fatehgarh Sahib Lok Sabha constituency|Fatehgarh Sahib]]<br />
| reservation = SC<br />
| mla = [[Manwinder Singh Gyaspura]]<br />
| party = [[Aam Aadmi Party]]<br />
| latest_election_year = [[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2022]]<br />
| electors = {{formatnum:166299}}<ref name="Punjab Election 2022"/>{{update after|2027|6}}<br />
| type = SLA<br />
| constituency_no = 67<br />
}}<br />
'''Payal''' is one of the 117 [[Punjab Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] state in [[India]].<ref name=pcac>{{cite web |url=http://ceopunjab.nic.in/English/lpac.aspx |title=List of Parliamentary Constituencies and Assembly Constituencies in the State of Punjab as determined by the delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituency notification dated 19th June, 2006 |author=Chief Electoral Officer – Punjab |date=19 June 2006 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://ceopunjab.nic.in/English/Elections/SE/List%20Of%20AC%20Name.pdf|title= List of Punjab Assembly Constituencies|accessdate= 19 July 2016|url-status= dead|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20160423033326/http://ceopunjab.nic.in/english/Elections/SE/List%20Of%20AC%20Name.pdf|archivedate= 23 April 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
It is in [[Ludhiana district]] and is a segment of the [[Fatehgarh Sahib (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name=pcac/><br />
<br />
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
!Year<br />
!Member<br />
!colspan="2"|Party<br />
|-<br />
|[[2007 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2007]] <br />
| [[Tej Parkash Singh]]<ref name=election2007>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3454-punjab-2007/ |title=Punjab General Legislative Election 2007 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |date=10 May 2022 |access-date= 15 May 2022}}</ref><br />
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[2012 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2012]] <br />
| [[Charanjit Singh Atwal]]<ref name=election2012>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3455-punjab-2012/ |title=Punjab General Legislative Election 2012 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=4 March 2023}}</ref><br />
|{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2017]] <br />
| [[Lakhvir Singh Lakha]]<ref name=election2017/><br />
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2022]] <br />
|[[Manwinder Singh Gyaspura]]<ref name="Punjab Election 2022"/><br />
|{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Election results==<br />
=== 2022 ===<br />
<!-- this section is transcluded on Electoral history of the MLA --> <section begin="Assembly Election 2022"/><br />
{{Election box begin | title=[[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election]]: Payal<ref name="Punjab Election 2022">{{cite web |title=Punjab General Legislative Election 2022 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14165-punjab-general-legislative-election-2022/ |website=Election Commission of India |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |party=Aam Aadmi Party |candidate=[[Manwinder Singh Gyaspura]] |votes={{formatnum:63633}}|percentage=50.4 |change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |party=Indian National Congress |candidate=Lakhvir Singh |votes={{formatnum:30624}}|percentage=24.3|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |candidate=Dr. Jaspreet Singh Bija |votes={{formatnum:20648}}|percentage=16.4|change=}}<br />
{{Election box majority |votes={{formatnum:33009}}|percentage=26.03 |change=}}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = {{formatnum:166299}} }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<section end="Assembly Election 2022"/><br />
<br />
=== 2017===<br />
{{Election box begin | title=[[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Punjab Assembly election, 2017]]: Payal<ref name=election2017>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3614-punjab-general-legislative-election-2017/ |title=Punjab General Legislative Election 2017 |author=Election Commission of India |access-date= 26 June 2021}}</ref><ref>[http://www.punjabassembly.nic.in/index.php/members/detail/201 Election Results 2017]</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|<br />
|party =Indian National Congress<br />
|candidate = Lakhvir Singh Lakha<br />
|votes = 57776<br />
|percentage =44.19<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Aam Aadmi Party|candidate=Gurpreet Singh Lapran|votes=36280|percentage=27.74|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Shiromani Akali Dal|candidate=Isher Singh Meharban|votes=33044|percentage=25.27|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)|candidate=Gurvinder Singh|votes=18314|percentage=14.5|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Dalbara Singh|votes=618|percentage=.47|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate|<br />
|party =DEMSWP<br />
|candidate =Advocate Inderjit Singh <br />
|votes =402<br />
|percentage =.30<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Independent (politician)|candidate=Karan Kangra|votes=363|percentage=.27|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate|<br />
|party =Apna Punjab Party<br />
|candidate =Captain Rampal Singh<br />
|votes =347<br />
|percentage =.26<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=Sandeep Kumar|votes=328|percentage=.25|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Independent (politician)|candidate=Jagtar Singh|votes=227|percentage=.17|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Independent (politician)|candidate=Samsher Singh|votes=186|percentage=.14|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Nationalist Congress Party|candidate=Kulwant Singh Cheema|votes=186|percentage=.14|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Independent (politician)|candidate=Prem Singh|votes=156|percentage=.12|change=}}<br />
{{Election box majority||votes=21496|percentage=16.44|change=}}<br />
{{Election box turnout||votes=130744|percentage=81.90|change=}}<br />
{{Election box registered electors<br />
|reg. electors = {{formatnum:159662}}<br />
|ref=<ref name=electors2017>{{cite web |url=http://ceopunjab.nic.in/English/Elections/SE/VS2017/D03-Electors%20and%20Polling%20Stations%20VS%202017.pdf |title=Electors and Polling Stations - VS 2017 |author=Chief Electoral Officer - Punjab |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link|<br />
|winner =Indian National Congress<br />
|swing =<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{cite web |title=Record of all Punjab Assembly Election results |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/86-punjab/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=14 March 2022}}<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Punjab}}<br />
{{coord|30.72|76.06|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Punjab, India]]<br />
[[Category:Ludhiana district]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Punjab, India]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]<br />
[[Category:1962 establishments in East Punjab]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Susner_Assembly_constituency&diff=538752Susner Assembly constituency2026-04-15T23:02:27Z<p>IBADorris7: creating data.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Madhya Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| name = Susner<br />
| type = SLA<br />
| constituency_no = 165<br />
| map_image = 165-Susner.svg<br />
| state = [[Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
| district = [[Rajgarh district|Rajgarh]]<br />
| loksabha_cons = [[Rajgarh Lok Sabha constituency|Rajgarh]]<br />
| established = 1957<br />
| reservation = None<br />
| mla = [[Bhairon Singh]]<br />
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br />
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]]<br />
| preceded_by = Vikram Singh Rana<br />
}}<br />
'''Susner''' is one of the 230 [[Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha]] (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of [[Madhya Pradesh]] state in central [[India]].<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718103411/https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="election2018">{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies|url=http://eci.nic.in/archive/se98/background/S12/ListACs-MP.html|website=eci.nic.in|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=18 May 2018 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="election2018-1">{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies|url=http://eci.nic.in/archive/se98/background/S12/ListACs-MP.html|website=eci.nic.in|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref><br />
<br />
It is part of [[Agar Malwa district]]. It comes under [[Malwa]] region. It forms a part of the border between [[Madhya Pradesh]] and [[Rajasthan]].<br />
<br />
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br />
=== Madhya Bharat Legislative Assembly ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Election<br />
!Name<br />
!colspan=2|Party<br />
|-<br />
| [[1952 Madhya Bharat Legislative Assembly election|1952]]<br />
| Rana Mal Singh<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
!Election<br />
!Name<br />
!colspan=2|Party<br />
|-<br />
|1957<ref name=election1957>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3728-madhya-pradesh-1957/ |title=Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election -1957 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|rowspan=2|Hari Bhau<br />
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Jana Sangh|rowspan=4}}<br />
|-<br />
|1962<ref name=election1962>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3729-madhya-pradesh-1962/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|1967<br />
|Shiv Lal<ref name=election1967>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3730-madhya-pradesh-1967/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|1972<ref name=election1972>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3731-madhya-pradesh-1972/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|rowspan=2|Hari Bhau<br />
|-<br />
|1977<ref name=election1977>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3732-madhya-pradesh-1977/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}<br />
|-<br />
|1980<ref name=election1980>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3733-madhya-pradesh-1980/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1980 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|Rana Natwar Singh<br />
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|-<br />
|1985<br />
|Hari Bhau<ref name=election1985>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3734-madhya-pradesh-1985/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}<br />
|-<br />
|1990<br />
|Badri Lal Soni<ref name=election1990>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3735-madhya-pradesh-1990/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|1993<ref name=election1993>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3736-madhya-pradesh-1993/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1993 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|rowspan=2|Vallabhbhai Ambavatiya<br />
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<br />
|-<br />
|1998<ref name=election1998>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3737-madhya-pradesh-1998/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1998 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2003<br />
|Phoolchand Vaidia<ref name=election2003>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3738-madhya-pradesh-2003/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2003 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}<br />
|-<br />
|2008<br />
|Santosh Joshi<ref name=election2008>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3739-madhya-pradesh-2008/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2008 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2013<br />
|Murlidhar Patidar<ref name=election2013>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3740-madhya-pradesh-2013/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2013 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2018<br />
|Vikaram Singh Rana<ref name=election2018/><br />
|{{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]]<br />
| [[Bhairon Singh]]<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/mp-legislative-election-2023-statistical-report |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2023 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=26 January 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref><br />
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Election results==<br />
=== 2023 ===<br />
{{Election box begin<br />
|title = [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Susner<ref name="election2023"/><br />
}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link<br />
|party = Indian National Congress<br />
|candidate = Bhairon Singh<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:97584}}<br />
|percentage = 48.27<br />
|change = +21.2<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br />
|candidate = Vikram Singh Rana<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:84939}}<br />
|percentage = 42.02<br />
|change = +17.65<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Independent<br />
|candidate = Jitu Patidar<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:12632}}<br />
|percentage = 6.25<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br />
|candidate = Naveen Mishra<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:2838}}<br />
|percentage = 1.4<br />
|change = -1.15<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = None of the above<br />
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:1321}}<br />
|percentage = 0.65<br />
|change = -0.93<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box majority<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:12645}}<br />
|percentage = 6.25<br />
|change = -8.78<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box turnout<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:202154}}<br />
|percentage = 85.93<br />
|change = +1.29<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link<br />
|winner = Indian National Congress<br />
|loser = Independent<br />
|swing = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
=== 2018 ===<br />
{{Election box begin | title= [[2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Susner<ref name=election2018 name="election2018-2">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9685-madhya-pradesh-legislative-election-2018-statistical-report/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2018 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="election2018"/>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link<br />
|party = Independent<br />
|candidate = Vikaram Singh Rana Guddu Bhai<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:75804}}<br />
|percentage = 42.1<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Indian National Congress<br />
|candidate = Mahendra Bhairu Singh Bapu<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:48742}}<br />
|percentage = 27.07<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br />
|candidate = Murlidhar Patidar<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:43880}}<br />
|percentage = 24.37<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br />
|candidate = Phool Chand Malviya<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:4598}}<br />
|percentage = 2.55<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = None of the above<br />
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:2842}}<br />
|percentage = 1.58<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box majority<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:27062}}<br />
|percentage = 15.03<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box turnout<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:180068}}<br />
|percentage = 84.64<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link<br />
|winner = Independent (politician)<br />
|loser = BJP<br />
|swing = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
[[Susner]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh}}<br />
{{coords|23.94|76.10|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1957]]<br />
[[Category:1957 establishments in Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Rajgarh district]]<br />
[[Category:Agar Malwa district]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Odia_people&diff=547523Odia people2026-04-13T07:30:58Z<p>IBADorris7: corrected formatting as per guidelines as per guidelines</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group}}<br />
{{pp-move}}<br />
{{Use British English|date=December 2025}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}<br />
{{Redirect|Odias||Odia (disambiguation){{!}}Odia}}<br />
{{Infobox ethnic group<br />
| group = Odias<br />
| native_name = ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଲୋକ<br/>Odiā Lōka<br />
| native_name_lang = od<br />
| flag = <br />
| image = Odissi in a Group.jpg<br />
| image_caption = Dancers performing [[odissi]]<br />
| population = 40 million<br />
| region1 = {{IND}}<br />
| pop1 = 38,033,000 (2011)<br />
| langs = [[Odia language|Odia]]<br />
| religions = '''Predominantly''':<br />[[File:Om.svg|15px]] [[Hinduism]]<br />'''Minorities''':<br />{{hlist|[[File:Christian cross.svg|12px]] [[Christianity]]|[[File:Allah-green.svg|15px]] [[Islam]]<br />
|[[File:Jain Prateek Chihna.svg|12px]] [[Jainism]]|[[File:Dharma Wheel.svg|18px]] [[Buddhism]] and others}}<br />
| related_groups = [[Indo-Aryan people]]s<br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox ethnonym|root=ଓଡ଼ିଆ Odiā|person=Odiā|people=Odiā Lōka|language=[[Odia language|Odiā]]|country=[[Odisha]] <br> [[Kalinga (region)|Kalinga]] (hist.)}}<br />
The '''Odia''' ({{lang|or|ଓଡ଼ିଆ}}), formerly spelled '''Oriya''', are an [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] [[ethno-linguistic group]] native to the Indian state of [[Odisha]] who speak the [[Odia language]]. They constitute a majority in the eastern coastal state, with significant minority populations existing in the neighboring states of [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Jharkhand]] and [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abNDLZQ6quYC&pg=PA233|title=Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia|isbn=9781598846591|last1=Minahan|first1=James|year=2012|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic }}</ref> Odia is the 9th most spoken language in India.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-13 |title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-17.html |access-date=2025-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113211224/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-17.html |archive-date=13 November 2019 }}</ref> Modern-day Odisha was made from the [[Odia language|Odia-speaking]] part of then–[[Bihar and Orissa Province]], Odia-speaking areas of [[Madras Presidency]], Odia-speaking areas of [[Central Provinces and Berar]] and Odia-speaking Gadajats (Odia Princely states).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Provinces of British India |url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_BrProvinces.htm |access-date=2025-04-08 |website=www.worldstatesmen.org}}</ref> The first linguistic movement started in 1886 and with the successful efforts of Madhusudan Das, the Father of Odia nationalism, Odisha became the first state to be created on a linguistic basis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-11-12 |title=The Telegraph - Calcutta (Kolkata) {{!}} Orissa {{!}} Born of linguistic pride |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110401/jsp/orissa/story_13795031.jsp |access-date=2025-04-08 |website=archive.ph |archive-date=12 November 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131112115802/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110401/jsp/orissa/story_13795031.jsp |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
{{Main|History of Odisha}}<br />
<br />
'''<big>Ancient period</big>'''<br />
[[File:Udaygiri and Khandagiri Cave - 1.jpg|thumb|'''Udaygiri and Khandagiri Cave - 1''']]<br />
According to political scientist Sudama Misra, the Kalinga [[janapada]] originally comprised the area covered by the [[Puri district|Puri]] and [[Ganjam district|Ganjam]] districts.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Miśra |first=Sudāmā |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dua1AAAAIAAJ |title=Janapada State in Ancient India |date=1973 |publisher=Bhāratīya Vidyā Prakāśana |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
According to some scriptures ([[Mahabharata]] and some [[Puranas]]), a king Bali, the [[Vairocana]] and the son of Sutapa, had no sons. So, he requested the sage, Dirghatamas, to bless him with sons. The sage is said to have begotten five sons through his wife, the queen Sudesna.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Patil |first=Rajaram D. K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jmnm-smZm6oC&dq=bali+sudesna&pg=PA46 |title=Cultural History From The Vayu Purana |date=1973 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers |isbn=978-81-208-2085-2 |language=en}}</ref> The princes were named [[Anga#Origin of name|Anga]], [[Vanga kingdom#References in the Mahabharata|Vanga]], [[Kalinga (Mahabharata)|Kalinga]], [[Suhma kingdom#References in Mahabharata|Sumha]] and [[Pundra kingdom#References in Mahabharata|Pundra]].<ref>{{Citation |title=History of Odisha |date=2024-12-03 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Odisha#cite_note-7500BC-3 |access-date=2024-12-09 |language=en}}</ref> The princes later founded kingdoms named after themselves. The prince Vanga founded [[Vanga kingdom]], in the current day region of [[Bangladesh]] and part of [[West Bengal]]. The prince Kalinga founded the kingdom of [[Kalinga (historical kingdom)|Kalinga]], in the current day region of coastal Odisha, including the North Sircars.<ref>{{Citation |title=History of Odisha |date=2024-12-03 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Odisha#cite_note-enHindu-5 |access-date=2024-12-09 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Mahabharata also mentions Kalinga several more times. Srutayudha, the king of Kalinga, son of [[Varuna]] and river Parnasa, had joined the [[Kaurava]] camp in the [[Kurukshetra War]]. He had been given a divine [[Gada (mace)|mace]] by his father on request of his mother, which protected him as long as he wielded it. But, Varuna had warned his son, that using it on a non-combatant will cause the death of the wielder himself. In the frenzy of battle, harried by [[Arjuna]]'s arrows, he made the mistake of launching it at Krishna, Arjuna's charioteer, who was unarmed. The mace bounced off Krishna and killed Srutayudha. The archer who killed [[Krishna]], Jara Savara, and [[Ekalavya]] are said to have belonged to the [[Sabar people]] of Odisha.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pati |first=Rabindra Nath |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_5seKkk3GkIC&pg=PA97 |title=Family Planning |date=2008 |publisher=APH Publishing |isbn=978-81-313-0352-8 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the Buddhist text, Mahagovinda Suttanta, Kalinga and its ruler, Sattabhu, have been mentioned.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Raychaudhuri |first=Hemchandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h1KObc_qaXYC&dq=Mahagovinda+Suttanta+kalinga&pg=PA75 |title=Political History of Ancient India: From the Accession of Parikshit to the Extinction of the Gupta Dynasty |date=2006 |publisher=Cosmo Publications |isbn=978-81-307-0291-9 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the 6th century ''sutrakara'' (chronicler), Baudhayana, mentions Kalinga as not yet being influenced by Vedic traditions. He also warns his people from visiting Kalinga (among other kingdoms), saying one who visits it must perform penance.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chatterjee |first=Suhas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KItocaxbibUC&pg=PA68 |title=Indian Civilization and Culture |date=1998 |publisher=M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. |isbn=978-81-7533-083-2 |language=en}}</ref>[[File:Lingaraj Temple, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 2.jpg|thumb|Lingaraj Temple, Bhubaneswar.]]<br />
<br />
===Medieval period===<br />
The [[Shailodbhava dynasty]] ruled the region from the sixth to the eighth century. They built the [[Parashurameshvara Temple]] in the 7th century, which is the oldest known temple in Bhubaneswar. They ruled Odisha from the 8th to the 10th century. They built several Buddhist monasteries and temples, including [[Lalitgiri]], [[Udayagiri, Odisha|Udayagiri]] and [[Baitala Deula]]. The [[Keshari dynasty]] ruled from the 9th to the 12th century. The [[Lingaraj Temple]], [[Mukteshvara Temple, Bhubaneswar|Mukteshvara Temple]] and [[Rajarani Temple]] in Bhubaneswar were constructed during the [[Bhauma-Kara dynasty]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Walter |last=Smith |title=The Mukteśvara Temple in Bhubaneswar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y0MQmNx8g2gC |year=1994 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0793-8 |page=27}}</ref> They were introduced as a new style of architecture in Odisha, and the dynasty's rule shifted from [[Buddhism]] to [[Brahmanism]].{{sfn|Smith|1994|p=26}}<br />
[[File:19s Bengal province map.jpg|thumb|Undivided Odisha and Bihar states.]]<br />
<br />
===Modern period ===<br />
Odisha remained an independent regional power until the early 16th century. It was conquered by the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]] under [[Akbar]] in 1568 and was thereafter subject to a succession of Mughal and [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] rule before coming under [[Company rule in India|British control]] in 1803.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2019/state-editions/book-by-british-ics-officer-covers----orissa--as-a-whole.html|title=Book by British ICS officer covers 'Orissa' as a whole|website=dailypioneer|author=GYANENENDRA NATH MITRA|date=25 December 2019|access-date=25 December 2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 1817, a combination of high taxes, administrative malpractice by the ''[[zamindar]]s'' and dissatisfaction with the new land laws led to a [[Paik Rebellion|revolt against Company rule]] breaking out, which many Odias participated in. The rebels were led by General [[Bakshi Jagabandhu|Jagabandhu Bidyadhara Mohapatra Bhramarbara Raya]].<ref name="Mahmud1994">{{cite book|author=Sayed Jafar Mahmud|title=Pillars of Modern India 1757-1947|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w8XPyBqxwX8C&pg=PA10|access-date=10 February 2013|year=1994|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-7024-586-5|page=10}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/paika-bidroha-to-be-named-as-1st-war-of-independence/article19909264.ece| title = 'Paika Bidroha' to be named as 1st War of Independence - NATIONAL - The Hindu| website = [[The Hindu]]| date = 23 October 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
Under Maratha control, major Odia regions were transferred to the rulers of Bengal that resulted in successive decline of the language over the course of time in vast regions that stretched until today's [[Midnapore district|Midnapore]] district of West Bengal.<ref>{{cite book | last=Sengupta | first=N. | title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TI8GQioaoL4C | publisher=Penguin Books Limited | year=2011 | isbn=978-81-8475-530-5 }}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=January 2023}}<br />
<br />
Odisha became a separate province and the first officially recognized language-based state of India in 1936, after the amalgamation of the Odia regions from [[Bihar and Orissa Province]], [[Madras Presidency]] and [[Chhattisgarh Division]] was successfully executed. 26 Odia [[princely state]]s, including [[Seraikela Kharsawan district|Sadheikala-Kharasuan]] in today's [[Jharkhand]], also signed a merger with the newly formed state, while many major Odia-speaking areas were left out due to political incompetence.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DsXLDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA86|title=Language Policy and Education in India: Documents, contexts and debates|isbn=9781134878246|access-date=25 December 2019|last1=Sridhar|first1=M.|last2=Mishra|first2=Sunita|date=5 August 2016|publisher=Routledge }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Communities==<br />
The Odia people are subdivided into several communities such as the [[Utkala Brahmin]], [[Karan (caste)|Karan]], [[Khandayat (caste)|Khandayat]], [[Kayastha|Kayasth]], [[Gopal (caste)|Gopal]], [[Komati (caste)|Kumuti]], [[Chasa caste|Chasa]], [[Dumal]], [[Bania (caste)|Bania]], [[Bhulia]], [[Kansabanik|Kansari]], [[Kuilta]], [[Gudia (caste)|Gudia]], [[Patra (caste)|Patara]], [[Tanti]], [[Teli]], [[Viswakarma (caste)|Badhei]], [[Kamar (caste)|Kamara]], [[Barika (caste)|Barika]], [[Mali (caste)|Mali]], [[Kumhar|Kumbhar]], [[Sundhi]], [[Jalia Kaibarta|Keuta]], [[Dhobi|Dhoba]], [[Bhoi|Bauri]], [[Kandara]], [[Domba]], [[Pano (caste)|Pano]], Hadi.<ref name="BehuraMohanty2005">{{cite book|author1=Nab Kishore Behura|author2=Ramesh P. Mohanty|title=Family Welfare in India: A Cross-cultural Study|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o6Gz0ZDw7PQC&pg=PA49|year=2005|publisher=Discovery Publishing House|isbn=978-81-7141-920-3|pages=49–}}</ref> etc.<br />
<br />
== Culture ==<br />
{{Main|Culture of Odisha}}<br />
<br />
'''<big>Religion</big>'''<br />
[[File:Gita Govinda (Song of the Cowherd) Manuscript LACMA M.71.1.33.jpg|thumb|gita govinda manuscript]]<br />
In its long history, Odisha has had a continuous tradition of [[dharmic religions]] especially [[Hinduism]], [[Buddhism]] and [[Jainism]]. [[Ashoka]]'s conquest of [[Kalinga (historical kingdom)|Kalinga (India)]] made Buddhism a principal religion in the state which led to the establishment of numerous [[Stupas]] and non religion learning centres. During [[Kharavela]]'s reign [[Jainism]] found prominence. However, by the middle of the 9th century CE there was a revival of [[Hinduism]] as attested by numerous temples such as Mukteshwara, Lingaraja, Jagannath and Konark, which were erected starting from the late 7th century CE. Part of the revival in Hinduism was due to [[Adi Shankaracharya]] who proclaimed [[Puri]] to be one of the four holiest places or ''[[Char Dham]]'' for Hinduism. Odisha has, therefore, a syncretic mixture of the three dharmic religions as attested by the fact that the [[Jagannath Temple]] in Puri is considered to be holy by [[Hindus]], Buddhists and [[Hindus|Jains]].<br />
<br />
Presently, the majority of people in the state of Odisha are [[Hindus]]. As per the census of 2001, Odisha is the third largest Hindu-populated state (as a percentage of population) in India. However, while Odisha is predominantly Hindu it is not monolithic. There is a rich cultural heritage in the state owing to the Hindu faith. For example, Odisha is home to several Hindu saints. [[Bhima Bhoi|Sant Bhima Bhoi]] was a leader of the [[Mahima Religion|Mahima sect movement]], [[Sarala Dasa]], was the translator of the epic [[Mahabharata]] in Odia, Chaitanya Dasa was a [[Vaishnavism|Buddhistic-Vaishnava]] and writer of the ''Nirguna Mahatmya'', [[Jayadeva]] was the author of the ''[[Gita Govinda]]'' and is recognized by the Sikhs as one of their most important bhagats. Swami Laxmananda Saraswati is a modern-day Hindu saint of [[Adivasi]] heritage.<br />
<br />
There is also a small but significant community of Odia Muslims, who are mostly descendants of indigenous converts and migrants from northern and eastern India. With a population of roughly 1 million, Muslims in Odisha live significantly in Jajapur and Bhadrak districts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Orissa Hindu Muslim Population |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/religion/state/21-orissa.html |access-date=2025-04-05 |website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref> Majority of Muslims are Sunnis, followed by Shias which also include Khoja and Dawoodi Bohras.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Weekes |first=Richard V. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dQ3FEAAAQBAJ |title=Muslim Peoples [2 Volumes]: A World Ethnographic Survey |date=1984-12-21 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=978-0-313-23392-0 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Influence of Sufism and Shia Traditions in Odisha |url=https://magazines.odisha.gov.in/Orissareview/2014/July/engpdf/42-46.pdf |accessdate=2025-04-06 |publisher=Orissa Review}}</ref> Historically, Sufi mysticism and traditions have significantly influenced Odisha's cultural and spiritual heritage.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Influence of Sufism and Shia Traditions in Odisha |url=https://magazines.odisha.gov.in/Orissareview/2014/July/engpdf/42-46.pdf |accessdate=2025-04-06 |publisher=Orissa Review}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Architecture ===<br />
{{Main|kalinga architecture}}<br />
<br />
[[File:700 CE Mukhalingeswara Temples Group, Kalinga architecture, Mukhalingam, Andhra Pradesh - 111.jpg|thumb|700 CE Mukhalingeswara Temples Group, Kalinga architecture, Mukhalingam, Andhra Pradesh - 111]]<br />
[[File:Mukteswar Temple Detail.jpg|thumb|Mukteswar Temple (Kalinga Architecture)]]<br />
[[File:Udayagiri Caves - Hathi Gumpha.jpg|thumb|Udayagiri Caves - Hathi Gumpha]]<br />
[[File:Stone wheel engraved in the 13th century built Konark Sun Temple in Orissa, India.jpg|thumb|Stone wheel engraved in the 13th century built Konark Sun Temple in Orissa, India]]<br />
The '''Kaḷinga architectural style''' is a style of [[Hindu architecture]] which flourished in the ancient [[Kalinga (historical kingdom)|Kalinga]] previously known as [[Utkal]] and in present eastern Indian state of [[Odisha]]. The style consists of three distinct types of temples: Rekha Deula, Pidha Deula and Khakhara Deula. The former two are associated with [[Vishnu]], [[Surya]] and [[Shiva]] temples while the third is mainly with [[Chamunda]] and [[Durga]] temples. The Rekha Deula and Khakhara Deula houses are the [[sanctum sanctorum]] while the Pidha Deula constitutes outer dancing and offering halls.<br />
<br />
=== Cuisine ===<br />
{{Main|Cuisine of Odisha}}<br />
<br />
[[File:Chena poda.jpg|thumb|Chena poda a sweet delicacy from Odisha.]]<br />
Seafood and sweets dominate Odia cuisine. Rice is the staple cereal and is eaten throughout the day. Popular Odia dishes are [[rasagolla]], [[rasabali]], [[chhena poda]], [[chhena kheeri]], [[chhena jalebi]], chenna jhilli, [[chhenagaja]], [[khira sagara]], [[Dalma (dish)|dalma]], tanka torani and [[pakhala]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://odishanewsinsight.com/features/cuisine-of-odisha/|title=Cuisine Of Odisha|website=odishanewsinsight|date=16 November 2019|access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/lifestyle/food/odia-delicacies-in-bengalurus-first-ama-odia-bhoji-to-tickle-taste-buds20200112200631/|title=Odia delicacies in Bengaluru's first 'Ama Odia Bhoji' to tickle taste buds|website=aninews|date=12 January 2020|access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Festivals ===<br />
{{Main|Festivals of Odisha}}<br />
'''<big>Ratha yatra</big>''' <br />
[[File:Rath Yatra Puri 07-11027.jpg|thumb|Rath Yatra festival in Puri, Odisha.]]<br />
A stunning example of Kalinga architecture is the Jagannath Temple, which was constructed in the twelfth century by King Anantavarman Chodaganga Deva. The goddesses Subhadra, Balabhadra, and Lord Jagannath reside in this hallowed shrine. The festival of Ratha Yatra, which draws pilgrims and visitors from all over the world, is closely linked to the history of the Jagannath Temple.<br />
[[File:Puri Rath Yatra by Fergusson.jpg|thumb|Ratha yatra festival in Puri by Fegursson.]]<br />
A wide variety of festivals are celebrated throughout the year; There is a saying in Odia, ‘Baarah maase, terah parba’, that there are 13 festivals in a year. Well known festivals that are popular among the Odia people include the [[Ratha Yatra]], [[Durga Puja]], [[Raja (festival)|Raja]], [[Maha Shivratri]], [[Kartika Purnima]], [[Dola Purnima]], [[Ganesh Puja]], [[Chandan Yatra]], [[Snana Yatra]], [[Makar Mela]], [[Chhau Festival]], and [[Nuakhai]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 December 2018 |title=The tenacious people of Odisha |url=https://telanganatoday.com/tenacious-people-odisha |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405221401/https://telanganatoday.com/tenacious-people-odisha |archive-date=5 April 2019 |access-date=18 January 2020 |website=telanganatoday}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Religion ===<br />
[[File:Ratha Yatra Praha 2019.jpg|thumb|Lord Jagannath with his siblings.]]<br />
Odisha is one of the most religiously and ethnically homogeneous states in India. More than 94% of the people are followers of Hinduism.<ref name="census2011">{{cite web|title=Population by religion community – 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=Census of India, 2011|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825155850/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS|archivedate=25 August 2015}}</ref> Hinduism in Odisha is more significant due to the specific Jagannath culture followed by Odia Hindus due to independent rule of Odia [[Hindu king]]s. Hinduism flourished in the eastern coastal region under patronage of the Hindu kings: arts, literature, maritime trade, vedic rituals were given importance. The practices of the [[Jagannath]] sect is popular in the state and the annual Ratha Yatra in Puri draws pilgrims from across India.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thenewleam.com/2018/07/lord-jagannaths-rathyatra-as-a-marker-of-odia-identity/|title=Lord Jagannath's Rathyatra as a Marker of Odia Identity|website=thenewleam|date=23 July 2018|access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Notable people ==<br />
{{See also|List of people from Odisha}}<br />
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}<br />
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---><br />
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---><br />
* {{annotated link |Achyutananda Dasa}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Binayak Acharya}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Afzal-ul Amin}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Subroto Bagchi}}<br />
* [[Sadhabas]] - Traders and Merchants from Odisha( Kalinga) <br />
* [[Kaundinya I]] - Kalingan Merchant & second monarch of [[Funan]]<br />
* [[Madhusudan Das]] - Founder of Orissa Art Wares in 1898 and Utkal Tannery in 1905<br />
* [[Biju Patnaik]] - Founder of Kalinga tubes, Kalinga Airlines, Kalinga Iron work, Kalinga Refractories and the Kalinga, a daily Odia newspaper<br />
* {{annotated link |Bhikari Bal}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Hemananda Biswal}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Bhagabat Behera}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Chakradhar Behera}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Chandi Prasad Mohanty}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Sanatan Mahakud}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Krishna Beura}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Kadambini Mohakud}}<br />
* [[Achyuta Samanta]] - Founder, KIIT Group<br />
* [[Soumya Ranjan Patnaik]] - Founder, Sambad Group<br />
* Dr [[ Swarup Ranjan Mishra]] - Founder, Mediheal Group of Hospitals, [[Kenya]] & 1st Odia MP of Kenya, from [[Kesses Constituency]] <br />
* Dr [[Ramakanta Panda]] - Founder, Asian Heart Institute & Asian Hospitals<br />
* {{annotated link |Dutee Chand}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Nabakrushna Choudhuri}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Ashok Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Bibhusita Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Bidhu Bhusan Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Bishwanath Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Gopabandhu Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Madhusudan Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Manoj Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Nandita Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Prabhat Nalini Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Shaktikanta Das}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Anil Dash}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Giridhar Gamang}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Hussain Rabi Gandhi}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Biswabhusan Harichandan}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Mehmood Hussain}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Binod Kanungo}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Madhu Sudan Kanungo}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Indrajit Mahanty}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Jayanta Mahapatra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Harekrushna Mahatab}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Lalit Mansingh}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Chaturbhuj Meher}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Gangadhar Meher}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Kailash Chandra Meher}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Kunja Bihari Meher}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Sadhu Meher}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Atharuddin Mohammed}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Pramod Kumar Mishra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Sabyasachi Mishra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Baidyanath Misra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |B. K. Misra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Dipak Misra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Ranganath Misra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Tapan Misra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Biren Mitra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Sayeed Mohammed}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Anubhav Mohanty}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Baisali Mohanty}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Debashish Mohanty}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Surendra Mohanty}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Uttam Mohanty}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Bibhu Mohapatra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Kelucharan Mohapatra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Sona Mohapatra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Arabinda Muduli}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Droupadi Murmu}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Srabani Nanda}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Bibhuti Bhushan Nayak}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Pragyan Ojha}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Nila Madhab Panda}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Arun K. Pati}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Biju Patnaik}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Janaki Ballabh Patnaik}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Jayanti Patnaik}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Naveen Patnaik}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Sudarshan Patnaik}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Sambit Patra}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Devdutt Pattanaik}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Dharmendra Pradhan}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Manasi Pradhan}}<br />
* {{annotated link |S.N. Pradhan}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Tapan Kumar Pradhan}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Ramakanta Rath}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Nilamani Routray}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Sarojini Sahoo}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Archita Sahu}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Jairam Samal}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Debasish Samantray}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Biplab Samantray}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Pratap Chandra Sarangi}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Nandini Satpathy}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Fakir Mohan Senapati}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Sadashiva Tripathy}}<br />
* {{annotated link |Bijaya Kumar Sahoo}}<br />
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---><br />
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---><br />
{{div col end}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Odia diaspora]]<br />
*[[Folk dance forms of Odisha]]<br />
*[[Odia language]]<br />
*[[Arts of Odisha]]<br />
*[[Kalinga architecture]]<br />
*[[Cinema of Odisha]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
{{Commons category|Odia people}}<br />
* [http://www.odisha.gov.in/ Odisha.gov.in]<br />
<br />
{{Odisha}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:People from Odisha| ]]<br />
[[Category:Indo-Aryan peoples]]<br />
[[Category:Ethnic groups in India]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henri_Gaebel%C3%A9&diff=502595Henri Gaebelé2026-04-09T09:09:27Z<p>IBADorris7: New basic entry w/ refs</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|French politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Jean Fritz Henri Gaebelé<br />
| image = Henri Gaebelé (10 March 1860 – 27 October 1936).jpg<br />
| caption =<br />
| office = Mayor of Pondicerry<br />
| term_start = 19 September 1908<br />
| term_end = 15 May 1928<br />
| predecessor = <br />
| successor = <br />
| office2 = [[List of senators of French India|Senator of French India]]<br />
| term_start2 = 17 December 1922<br />
| term_end2 = 25 December 1923<br />
| predecessor2 = [[Étienne Flandin]]<br />
| successor2 = [[Paul Bluysen]]<br />
| birth_name = <br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1860|03|10|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Munster, Haut-Rhin]], France<br />
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1936|10|27|1860|03|10|df=y}}<br />
| death_place = [[Puducherry (city)|Pondichéry]], French India<br />
| other_names = <br />
| occupation = Cotton manufacturer, politician<br />
| known_for = <br />
}}<br />
'''Jean Fritz Henri Gaebelé''' (10 March 1860 – 27 October 1936) was a French cotton yarn and fabric manufacturer and politician who was Mayor of [[Puducherry (city)|Pondicherry]] in [[French India]] from 1907 to 1928, and Senator of French India from 1922 to 1924. He played a leading role in the violent conflict in this period between the upper-caste Indian party and the lower-caste and Muslim French party, and at times held almost dictatorial power in the colony.<br />
<br />
==Early years==<br />
<br />
Jean Fritz (Frédéric) Henri Gaebelé was born on 10 March 1860 in [[Munster, Haut-Rhin]], Alsace.<br />
His parents were Jean Martin Gaebelé and Marie Anne Laeuffer.{{sfn|Gaudart de Soulages}}<br />
After the [[Franco-Prussian War]] Alsace came under German administration in 1871.{{sfn|Berghahn|2005|p=109}}<br />
Gaebelé left [[Alsace]] before he was 20 to avoid serving in the German army.<br />
He directed two spinning mills in the [[Vosges]], then arrived in Pondicherry on 13 April 1884 as director of the Établissements Textiles de Savana.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=7}}<br />
That year he married Marie Joséphine Anna Blin (1857–1929).<br />
Their children were Robert François Gaebelé (1888–1945) and Henriette Gaebelé (died 1940).{{sfn|Gaudart de Soulages}}<br />
In 1888 the [[Banque de l'Indochine]] helped Gaebelé install the first telephone network in French India.<br />
On his advice the bank began to build large and hygienic warehouses for storing peanuts.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=7}}<br />
<br />
In 1889 after a short but violent contest Gaebelé was elected mayor of the commune of [[Oulgaret]] and resigned from his position with the Établissements Textiles de Savana.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=7}}<br />
He and his two brothers founded the Filatures et Tissages Gaebelé.<br />
The business started with 1,500 spindles and 50 looms.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=8}}<br />
In 1890 the "Filatures et tissages Gaebelé" was directed by Henri, Albert and Fritz Gaebelé.<br />
It had three spinning mills in Modéliarpeth, Cossépaléom and Pondicherry, with 10,300 spindles and 270 looms.<br />
The company manufactured cotton fabrics dyed with indigo called "guinées" for sale in India, Senegal, Sudan, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia, blue fabric for Madagascar, Réunion and the Pacific islands, and unbleached canvasses.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=1}}<br />
A dyehouse was attached to the business.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=8}}<br />
The company had its headquarters in [[Colmar]] and shareholders in [[Bordeaux]], so it retained strong links to metropolitan France.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=29}}<br />
<br />
==Pondicherry politics==<br />
<br />
Henri Gaebelé left Oulgaret and settled in Pondicherry, where he lived the rest of his life.<br />
He was quickly elected to the municipal council.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=8}}<br />
Around 1890 Gaebelé was one of the founders of the opposition group commonly called the French Party.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=31}}<br />
The party gained from the defection of the Vannia (farmer) caste from the Indian Party led by Chanemougam due to resentment of the arrogance of the high castes.<br />
The Vannias were over 30% of the population.{{sfn|Davis|Libertun de Duren|2011|p=49}}<br />
The French policy of assimilation, hated by the upper castes, also helped revive the caste war.{{sfn|Weber|1987}}<br />
<br />
In 1892 Gaebelé was elected to the General Council of French India for the first time.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=8}}<br />
During the parliamentary elections around this time the candidates, few of whom had visited India, paid local agents to ensure they were elected, and the agents hired gangs of hooligans to control the polls.{{sfn|Heehs|2008|p=223}}<br />
The 1893 legislative elections were fought between the French Party and the Indian Party.<br />
There was widespread fraud, with many dead people on the voter lists, and much violence.<br />
In one incident Gaebelé, who was a candidate, was wounded by a bullet.{{sfn|Davis|Libertun de Duren|2011|p=50}}<br />
In the years that followed the lower castes were oppressed under the rule of Chanemougam, the "King of French India".{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=32}}{{sfn|Weber|1989}}<br />
<br />
Gaebelé became a general councilor in 1905 and held office until his death in 1936.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=33}}<br />
In 1905 he was appointed President of the Chamber of Commerce.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=8}}<br />
He was also President of the Chamber of Agriculture.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=33}}<br />
In the legislative elections of 6 May 1906 Gaebelé's associate, the former governor [[Philema Lemaire]], was elected with the support of the Vannias and the Muslims.{{sfn|Weber|1987}}<br />
The French Party, now called the Gaebelé Party, forced Chanemougam to flee to British territory in 1906, where he died in 1908.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=32}}<br />
Gaebelé was Mayor of Pondicherry from 19 September 1908 to 15 May 1928.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=33}}<br />
<br />
The "Neo-Chanemougamists", the Indian party, recovered quickly from the defeat of 1906.<br />
They openly supported the Indian nationalists of British India.{{sfn|Weber|1987}}<br />
In the 1910 elections the violence was even worse than usual.{{sfn|Heehs|2008|p=223}}<br />
On 24 April 1910 the Indian party's candidate, [[Paul Bluysen]], defeated Lemaire.{{sfn|Weber|1987}}<br />
Acting governor [[Ernest Fernand Lévecque]] sent a telegram to the Colonial Ministry on 24 April 1910 giving the first results. <br />
He reported, "Yesterday many incidents common to [[Puducherry (city)|Pondicherry]] and [[Mudaliarpet firka|Mudaliarpet]]; scuffles, blows, violent disputes around ballot-boxes, some wounded; exchange of blows, a few mortal wounds."{{sfn|Sujata Nahar|2001|p=403}}<br />
Gaebelé was blamed for the violence in 1910.{{sfn|Sujata Nahar|2001|p=403}}<br />
He was ousted from power that year.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=32}}<br />
For the next four years there were violent clashes between the followers of Gaebelé and Lemaire on one side, and of Gaston Pierre and Bluysen on the other.<br />
Houses were looted and burned, politicians were assassinated and bombs were exploded.{{sfn|Weber|1987}}<br />
<br />
In 1914 Gaebelé regained control through an extraordinary reversal, where he became an ally of Bluysen and helped him get reelected, while Lemaire sided with Pierre.{{sfn|Weber|1987}}<br />
While Europe was engaged in [[World War I]] (1914–18) the political situation in India calmed down.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=32}}<br />
Gaebelé controlled French India from the start of World War I until 1927, with increased importance in the 1920s.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=33}}<br />
He arranged for supply of drinking water to Pondicherry, [[Karaikal]] and [[Chandannagar]], and suppressed the epidemics that had been endemic until then.<br />
Gaebelé was responsible for various public works, including upgrades to the port facilities, purchase of the warehouses and a power station.<br />
He also reformed the taxation system.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=9}}<br />
He often gave his favours to a handful of people without considering the needs of the bulk of the population, and began to be seen as a dictator.<br />
His most serious rival was the former magistrate Gaston Pierre.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=33}}<br />
<br />
==Senator==<br />
<br />
Gaebelé was elected Senator of French India on 17 December 1922 in a by-election after Senator [[Étienne Flandin]] had died in office.<br />
Gaebelé received 99 votes against 4 for his competitor, [[Jules Godin]], who had been Senator of French India from 1891 to 1909.<br />
Godin strongly protested the election, and backed his claims up with massive documentation.<br />
Senator [[Marius Roustan]] reviewed the case and reported to the Senate on 23 June 1923 that the election was valid, which was accepted without debate.{{sfn|Jolly|1960}}<br />
Gaebelé's election confirmed his grip on power in the colony, but to strengthen his position he courted the poorest of the population, the outcasts, {{Transliteration|hi|patnavas}} and {{Transliteration|hi|vannias}}.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=34}}<br />
Gaebelé resigned from the Senate by letter on 25 December 1923 since he had found that after 40 years living in the tropics he was unable to cope with the climate of Paris, and had to spend the whole year in Cannes.<br />
On 9 March 1924 he was replaced by Paul Bluysen, until then Deputy of French India.{{sfn|Jolly|1960}}<br />
<br />
==Last years==<br />
<br />
Gaebelé returned to Pondicherry.{{sfn|Jolly|1960}}<br />
During the 1920s the hegemony of the Gaebelé party was similar to a dictatorship.<br />
The authorities in metropolitan France were unconcerned, and were mainly interested in the value of the colony from its exports of peanuts.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=4}}<br />
In 1926 Filatures et tissages Gaebelé was transformed into a ''[[société anonyme]]'' with capital of 250,000 rupees.<br />
The mill had 20,600 spindles and 310 looms.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=9}}<br />
Gaebelé lost power in 1927.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=33}}<br />
In the elections to the Pondicherry General Council on 21 October 1934 all the candidates of the Gaebelé-Salvaradjou party were beaten.{{sfn|Filatures et tissages Gaebelé|p=7}}<br />
After this there was a long period of unrest in French India.{{sfn|Stech|2011|p=4}}<br />
Gaebelé died in Pondicherry on 27 October 1936 aged 76.{{sfn|Jolly|1960}}<br />
He was an Officer of the [[Legion of Honour]], Grand Officer of the [[Order of Glory (Tunisia)]] and Commander of the [[Ordre du Nichan El-Anouar]].{{sfn|Gaudart de Soulages}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{notelist}}{{reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
==Sources==<br />
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*{{citation|title=Mother's Chronicles |volume=6 Mirra in South India|publisher=Mother's Institute of Research |year=2001 |ISBN=2-902776-69-1<br />
|author=Sujata Nahar |chapter=Pondicherry Elections |url=http://motherandsriaurobindo.in/_StaticContent/SriAurobindoAshram/-09%20E-Library/-03%20Disciples/Sujata%20Nahar/-01%20English/-06_Mother%5Es%20Chronicles%20Book%20Six/-53_Pondicherry%20Elections.htm|access-date=2018-04-09}}<br />
*{{citation |title=Les établissements français en Inde au XIXe siècle (1816–1914) |year=1987 |last=Weber |first=Jacques |publisher=Université de Provence |language=fr |url=http://cidif2.go1.cc/index.php/lettres-du-c-i-d-i-f/16-lettre-n-4/1598-1598 |access-date=2018-04-10 |archive-date=11 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411025933/http://cidif2.go1.cc/index.php/lettres-du-c-i-d-i-f/16-lettre-n-4/1598-1598 |url-status=dead }}<br />
*{{citation |language=fr |title=Chanemougam, le "roi de l'Inde française"<br />
|last=Weber |first= Jacques |date=21 April 1989 |publisher=CIDIF: Centre d'information et de documentation de l'Inde francophone<br />
|url=http://cidif2.go1.cc/index.php/lettres-du-c-i-d-i-f/12-lettre-n-1/1617-chanemougam-le-qroi-de-linde-francaiseq |access-date=2018-04-11}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gaebele, Jean Fritz Henri}}<br />
[[Category:1860 births]]<br />
[[Category:1936 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Officers of the Legion of Honour]]<br />
[[Category:Senators of French India]]<br />
[[Category:French senators of the Third Republic]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Velhas_Conquistas&diff=459532Velhas Conquistas2026-03-21T17:01:52Z<p>IBADorris7: added references as per guidelines and cleaned formatting</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Westernmost and central areas of Goa, India}}<br />
{{More citations needed|date=September 2024}}<br />
[[File:GoaConquistas.png|thumb|right|Goa at its height under Portuguese occupation. The ''Velhas Conquistas'' are highlighted in red.]]<br />
<br />
The '''''Velhas Conquistas''''', or "Old Conquests", are a grouping of the areas in [[Goa]] which were incorporated into [[Portuguese India]] in the early half of the 16th century AD. [[Goa, Daman and Diu]] comprised the last remaining Portuguese possessions in India. [[Portuguese Macao|Macao]] and [[Timor Leste]] were administratively separated.<br />
<br />
Over the course of nearly five centuries of European rule since the [[Portuguese conquest of Goa]], these areas underwent urbanisation and they were elevated to ''[[concelhos]]'' (municipalities), with the administrative centre at [[Velha Goa]]. Having been acquired by 1510 AD or within the next few decades,<ref name="henn"/> they formed the oldest parts and the core of Portuguese Goa and remain the central theme in the history, geography, and culture of present-day Goa. The ''[[Novas Conquistas]]'' or New Conquests are the outer periphery of Goa, surrounding ''Velha Conquistas'' and bordering the erstwhile [[British India]]. ''Novas Conquistas'' of present-day Goa shares borders with the [[Konkan division]] under Maharashtra's supremacy; also with [[Belgaum]] and [[North Canara]] districts of [[Carnataca]].<br />
<br />
The three ''concelhos'' of the territory are [[Bardes]], ''Ilhas de Goa'' ([[Tiswadi]]) and ''Salcette'' (present-day [[Salcette]] and [[Mormugao taluka|Mormugao]] ''[[Tehsil|talukas]]'').<ref name="avelar"/> In writing postal addresses, ''Velhas Conquistas'' is abbreviated to "VC".<br />
<br />
In [[layman's terms]] and contemporary contexts, ''Velhas Conquistas'' is taken to mean the westernmost and the central portions of Goa. The Old Conquests are also the most socioeconomically-developed areas of Goa.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Novas Conquistas]]<br />
*[[Adil Shahi–Portuguese conflicts]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<br />
<ref name="avelar">{{cite book |last1=Avelar |first1=Pedro |title=História de Goa: de Afonso de Alburquerque a Vassalo e Silva |date=2012 |publisher=[[Grupo Leya|Dom Quixote]] |isbn=978-972-20-4842-2 |language=pt}}</ref><br />
<ref name="henn">{{cite book |last1=Henn |first1=Alexander |title=Hindu-Catholic Encounters in Goa: Religion, Colonialism, and Modernity |date=27 May 2014 |publisher=[[Indiana University Press]] |isbn=978-0-253-01300-2 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
</references><br />
<br />
[[Category:Colonial Goa]]<br />
[[Category:Districts of Goa]]<br />
[[Category:Former districts of India]]<br />
[[Category:Portuguese India]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iru_Malargal&diff=504715Iru Malargal2026-03-04T05:11:12Z<p>IBADorris7: New a entry initial version</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|1967 film by A. C. Tirulokchandar}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2021}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Iru Malargal<br />
| image = Iru Malargal.jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = [[A. C. Tirulokchandar|A. C. Tirulogchander]]<br />
| screenplay = [[Aaroor Dass]] (dialogues)<br />
| story = A. C. Tirulogchander<br />
| producer = Thambu<br />
| starring = [[Sivaji Ganesan]]<br />[[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]]<br />[[K. R. Vijaya]]<br />
| cinematography = Thambu<br />
| editing = B. Kanthasamy<br />
| music = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]<br />
| studio = Manijeh Cine Productions<br />
| released = {{film date|1967|11|1|df=y}}<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Tamil<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Iru Malargal''''' ({{translation|Two Flowers}}) is a 1967 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[romantic drama]] film directed by [[A. C. Tirulokchandar|A. C. Tirulogchander]]. The film stars [[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]] and [[K. R. Vijaya]], with [[Nagesh]], [[S. A. Ashokan]], [[V. Nagayya]], [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]] and [[Roja Ramani]] in supporting roles. It revolves around a man who faces upheavals in his life as he is caught between his lady-love and his devoted wife.<br />
<br />
''Iru Malargal'' was released on 1 November 1967, [[Diwali]] day. The film became a commercial success, running for over 100 days in theatres, and won two awards at the [[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]]: [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] for Vijaya and [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Story Writer|Best Story Writer]] for Tirulogchander.<br />
<br />
== Plot ==<br />
Sundar and Uma are classmates who fight often. Sundar, however, is very much in love with Uma, and when they perform in a dance drama competition at [[Madurai]], and later move on to [[Kodaikanal]], he expresses this love. Uma asks him to climb up a peak so that she will consider him as a suitor. Sundar suffers from [[acrophobia]] and almost falls while climbing, at which point Uma accepts his love.<br />
<br />
Sundar's cousin Shanti, who lives with his family and takes care of the entire household, is fond of him and wishes to [[Cousin marriage|marry him]]. Sundar's father Sivasamy also wants this marriage to take place. When Shanti discovers the love between Sundar and Uma, however, she changes her mind. Sivasamy asks Sundar to marry Shanti, but he refuses, revealing that he is in love with Uma. Furious, Sivasamy begins looking for another bridegroom for Shanti.<br />
<br />
Meanwhile, Uma goes to seek permission to marry Sundar from her brother, who is her only living relative. She tells Sundar that she will send him a letter on a particular date (10 October). When Uma's letter informs him that she has decided to marry another person because she is not willing to go against her brother's wishes, an emotionally distraught Sundar becomes bedridden. In truth, Uma's brother and sister-in-law died in an accident. She decided to renounce her love to take care of their children, and lied to Sundar so that he would not come after her.<br />
<br />
While taking care of the dejected Sundar, Shanti is confronted by her bridegroom who accuses her of having a relationship with Sundar. When Sundar realises how much his father and his cousin have suffered because of him, he decides to marry Shanti.<br />
<br />
Years later, Sundar has become a successful businessman living in Kodaikanal with Shanti and their daughter Geetha; Sivasamy is long dead. Uma joins Geetha's school and becomes her teacher. When Geetha enthusiastically tells her mother about Uma, Shanti wants Uma to take tuition for Geetha; Uma accepts. She is shocked to learn that Geetha is Sundar's child when they accidentally meet along the road. Sundar goes to Uma's home, where they have a conversation about the past. Hearing this, Geetha realises that her father was once in love with her teacher.<br />
<br />
Shanti learns of Sundar's relationship with Uma. Not wanting to cause Sundar and Shanti to separate, Uma gives a letter to the school principal Sundaravathanam, asking him to take care of her brother's children if something happens to her, and goes to a cliff to meet Sundar. She asks Sundar if will he come with her leaving everything behind if she calls him. Sundar replies that he could leave anything except his wife and child. This is the answer Uma wants, having decided that, if Sundar talked about leaving Shanti and Geetha, she would throw herself from the cliff. At the same time, Shanti concludes that Uma and Sundar should be united, and decides to commit suicide, Uma and Sundar stop her, with Uma telling her everything that happened between her and Sundar was in the past. Uma also tells Sundar and Shanti that she does not want to cause further problems for them and leaves.<br />
<br />
== Cast ==<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
* [[Sivaji Ganesan]] as Sundar<br />
* [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]] as Uma<br />
* [[K. R. Vijaya]] as Shanthi<br />
* [[V. Nagayya]] as Sivakozunthu<br />
* [[S. A. Ashokan]] as Balu<br />
* [[Nagesh]] as Sundaravathanam<br />
* [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]] as Poongothai<br />
* [[Roja Ramani]] as Geetha<br />
* [[Master Sridhar]] as Suresh<br />
* [[Pasi Narayanan]] as Sundar College Classmate<br />
* [[Karikol Raju]] as Sivakozunthu Friend's<br />
* Madhavi as Sudha<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
The story of ''Iru Malargal'' was written by A. C. Tirulokachandar who also directed,{{sfn|Cowie|Elley|1977|p=265}} and produced by Thambu under Manijeh Cine Productions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1967–இரு மலர்கள்- மணிஜே சினி புரொ.(100 நாள்) |trans-title=1967-Iru Malargal- Manijeh Cine Pro.(100 days) |url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1967-cinedetails6.asp |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180312140101/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1967-cinedetails6.asp |archive-date=12 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2018 |website=[[Lakshman Sruthi]] |language=Tamil}}</ref> The dialogues were written by [[Aaroor Dass]]. Cinematography was handled by Thambu, and editing by B. Kanthasamy.{{sfn|Cowie|Elley|1977|p=265}} Tirulokachandar's name was spelt "Tirulogchander" in the credits.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=18 June 2016 |title=A director who stood tall |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/A-director-who-stood-tall/article14429883.ece |url-status=live |access-date=12 March 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191022091123/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/A-director-who-stood-tall/article14429883.ece |archive-date=22 October 2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Soundtrack ==<br />
The soundtrack was composed by [[M. S. Viswanathan]], while [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]] penned the lyrics,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aalayamani – Iru Malargal Tamil Film LP Vinyl Record by M S Viswanathan |url=https://mossymart.com/product/aalayamani-iru-malargal-tamil-film-lp-vinyl-record-by-m-s-viswanathan/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709044829/https://mossymart.com/product/aalayamani-iru-malargal-tamil-film-lp-vinyl-record-by-m-s-viswanathan/ |archive-date=9 July 2022 |access-date=9 July 2022 |website=Mossymart}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iru Malargal (1967) |url=https://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=t0000732 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130184039/http://raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=T0000732 |archive-date=30 January 2013 |access-date=1 June 2012 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref> replacing Viswanathan's usual associate [[Kannadasan]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=9 July 2004 |title=Memorable evening in many ways |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2004/07/09/stories/2004070902310400.htm |url-status=dead |access-date=1 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050215134005/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2004/07/09/stories/2004070902310400.htm |archive-date=15 February 2005}}</ref> The song "Maharaja Oru Maharani" was the first in Tamil to feature [[ventriloquism]] before it was used on a larger scale in ''[[Avargal]]'' 10 years later.<ref name="dinamalarnellai" /> It marked the debut of [[Shoba Chandrasekhar]] as a playback singer.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ashok Kumar |first=S. R. |date=13 April 2006 |title=A celebrity in her own right |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/a-celebrity-in-her-own-right/article3146857.ece |url-status=dead |access-date=12 March 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191022091354/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/a-celebrity-in-her-own-right/article3146857.ece |archive-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> Vaali considered the number "Madhavi Ponmayilal" as one among his "personal favourites".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ashok Kumar |first=S. R. |date=1 February 2007 |title=A lyrical journey across four generations in cinema |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/02/01/stories/2007020117750200.htm |url-status=dead |access-date=12 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108111539/http://www.hindu.com/2007/02/01/stories/2007020117750200.htm |archive-date=8 November 2012}}</ref> The song is set in [[Kharaharapriya]] raga.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mani |first=Charulatha |author-link=Charulatha Mani |date=13 April 2012 |title=A Raga's Journey&nbsp;— Kingly Kharaharapriya |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-ragas-journey-kingly-kharaharapriya/article3310742.ece |url-status=live |access-date=12 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607085029/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-ragas-journey-kingly-kharaharapriya/article3310742.ece |archive-date=7 June 2015}}</ref>{{sfn|Sundararaman|2007|p=140}} N. Sathiya Moorthy [[Rediff.com]] named it as one of Vaali's "most memorable songs".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sathiya Moorthy |first=N. |date=22 July 2013 |title=Remembering Vaali |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/column/remembering-vaali-south/20130722.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150517051808/http://www.rediff.com/movies/column/remembering-vaali-south/20130722.htm |archive-date=17 May 2015 |access-date=17 May 2015 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| headline = <br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| title1 = Kadavul Thantha<br />
| note1 = <br />
| extra1 = [[L. R. Eswari]], [[P. Susheela]]<br />
| length1 = <br />
| title2 = Maharaja Oru Maharani<br />
| note2 = <br />
| extra2 = Sadan, [[Shoba Chandrasekhar|Shoba]], [[T. M. Soundararajan]]<br />
| length2 = <br />
| title3 = Mannikka Vendugiren<br />
| note3 = <br />
| extra3 = [[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. Susheela]]<br />
| length3 = <br />
| title4 = Madhavi Pon Mayilaal<br />
| note4 = <br />
| extra4 = T. M. Soundararajan<br />
| length4 = <br />
| title5 = Velli Mani<br />
| note5 = <br />
| extra5 = P. Susheela<br />
| length5 = <br />
| title6 = Annamita Kaigaluku<br />
| note6 = <br />
| extra6 = P. Susheela<br />
| length6 = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Release and reception ==<br />
''Iru Malargal'' was released on 1 November 1967,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 November 1967 |title=Iru Malargal |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=vzY-6mMDyDUC&dat=19671101&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=16 July 2021 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=3 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> [[Diwali]] day. Despite facing competition from another Sivaji Ganesan film ''[[Ooty Varai Uravu]]'', released on the same day,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jeshi |first=K. |date=1 November 2013 |title=Released on Deepavali |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/released-on-deepavali/article5304910.ece |url-status=live |access-date=26 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212232616/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/released-on-deepavali/article5304910.ece |archive-date=12 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=நரசிம்மன் |first=டி.ஏ. |date=26 October 2018 |title=சி(ரி)த்ராலயா 39: ஊட்டி வரை லூட்டி |language=ta |work=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/142501-39.html |url-status=live |access-date=22 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022090729/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/142501-39.html |archive-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> it emerged a commercial success, running for over 100 days in theatres.{{sfn|Ganesan|Narayana Swamy|2007|p=242}} ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' lauded the performances of Ganesan, Padmini, Vijaya and Nagayya, but felt the screenplay could have been more concise and certain songs removed.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=12 November 1967 |title=இரு மலர்கள் |url=https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1967/nov/12-11-1967/p14.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220725041119/https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1967/nov/12-11-1967/p14.jpg |archive-date=25 July 2022 |access-date=27 November 2021 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=14 |language=ta}}</ref> At the [[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]], Vijaya won for [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]], and Tirulokchandar won for [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Story Writer|Best Story Writer]].<ref name="dinamalarnellai" /><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<br />
<ref name="dinamalarnellai">{{Cite news |date=7 February 2016 |title=செலுலாய்ட் சோழன்&nbsp;– 112&nbsp;– சுதாங்கன் |trans-title=Celluloid King&nbsp;– 112&nbsp;– Sudhangan |url=http://www.dinamalarnellai.com/web/news/3227 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326042757/http://www.dinamalarnellai.com/web/news/3227 |archive-date=26 March 2019 |access-date=26 March 2019 |work=[[Dinamalar]] |location=Nellai |language=ta}}</ref><br />
<br />
</references><br />
<br />
== Bibliography ==<br />
* {{Cite book |last1=Cowie |first1=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jp7ayTLX1D8C&q=%22Iru+Malargal%22&pg=PA265 |title=World Filmography: 1967 |last2=Elley |first2=Derek |publisher=Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press |year=1977 |isbn=0-498-01565-3}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last1=Ganesan |first1=Sivaji |title=Autobiography of an Actor: Sivaji Ganesan, October 1928&nbsp;– July 2001 |title-link=Autobiography of an Actor |last2=Narayana Swamy |first2=T. S. |publisher=Sivaji Prabhu Charities Trust |year=2007 |oclc=297212002 |author-link=Sivaji Ganesan |orig-date=2002}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Sundararaman |title=Raga Chintamani: A Guide to Carnatic Ragas Through Tamil Film Music |publisher=Pichhamal Chintamani |year=2007 |edition=2nd |oclc=295034757 |orig-date=2005}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title|0497391}}<br />
<br />
{{A. C. Tirulokchandar}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:1967 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:1967 Tamil-language films]]<br />
[[Category:1967 films]]<br />
[[Category:1967 romantic drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by A. C. Thirulokachandar]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan]]<br />
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]<br />
<br />
{{Improve categories|date=April 2024}}</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Third_Way&diff=469439Third Way2026-03-03T15:25:15Z<p>IBADorris7: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Centrist political position}}<br />
{{distinguish|Third camp|Third International Theory|Third Position}}<br />
{{about|the political philosophy|other uses|Third Way (disambiguation)}}<br />
{{Use British English|date=May 2019}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}<br />
{{multiple image<br />
| perrow = 2<br />
| total_width = 300<br />
| image1 = Bill Clinton Portrait (3x4 cropped).jpg<br />
| image2 = Tony Blair (2010) (3x4 cropped).jpg<br />
| image3 = Jean Chrétien 1993.jpg<br />
| image4 = 2004-09-13, El canciller de Alemania (cropped).jpg<br />
| footer = (from left to right, top to bottom) [[Bill Clinton]], [[Tony Blair]], [[Jean Chrétien]], and [[Gerhard Schröder]] were affiliated with the Third Way movement.}}<br />
{{social democracy sidebar|ideologies}}<br />
{{Neoliberalism sidebar|movements}}<br />
The '''Third Way''' is a predominantly [[centrist]] [[political position]] that attempts to reconcile [[centre-right]] and [[centre-left]] politics by synthesising a combination of [[economically liberal]] and [[social democratic]] [[economic policies]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bobbio |first1=Norberto |last2=Cameron |first2=Allan |date=1997 |title=[[Left and Right: The Significance of a Political Distinction]] |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |page=8 |isbn=0-226-06245-7}}, {{ISBN|978-0-226-06245-7}}</ref><ref name="BBC">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/458626.stm |title=What is the Third Way? |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date=27 September 1999 |access-date=16 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110425141440/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/458626.stm |archive-date=25 April 2011}}</ref><br />
<br />
The Third Way is a reconceptualisation of [[social democracy]]. It supports [[workfare]] instead of [[welfare spending|welfare]], work training programs, educational opportunities, and other government programs that give citizens a 'hand-up' instead of a 'hand-out'. The Third Way seeks a compromise between a less interventionist economic system as supported by [[Neoliberalism|neoliberals]] and [[Keynesian economics|Keynesian]] [[Social democracy|social democratic]] spending policy supported by social democrats and [[progressivism|progressives]].<br />
<br />
The Third Way was born from a reevaluation of political policies within various centre to centre-left progressive movements in the 1980s in response to doubt regarding the economic viability of the state and the perceived overuse of [[Economic interventionism|economic interventionist]] policies that had previously been popularised by Keynesianism, but which at that time contrasted with the rise of popularity for neoliberalism and the [[New Right]] starting in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s.{{sfn|Lewis|Surender|2004|pp=3–4, 16}}<br />
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The Third Way has been promoted by [[social liberal]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Richardson |first=James L. |date=2001 |title=Contending Liberalisms in World Politics: Ideology and Power |publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers |page=194}}</ref> and social-democratic parties.<ref name="Whyman 2005">{{cite book |last=Whyman |first=Philip |date=2005 |title=Third Way Economics: Theory and Evaluation |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-2305-1465-2}}</ref> In the United States, a leading proponent of the Third Way was President [[Bill Clinton]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Edsall |first=Thomas B. |date=28 June 1998 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1998/06/28/clinton-and-blair-envision-a-third-way-international-movement/0bc00486-bd6d-4da4-a970-5255d7aa25d8/ |title=Clinton and Blair Envision a 'Third Way' International Movement |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |page=A24 |access-date=19 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181213150257/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1998/06/28/clinton-and-blair-envision-a-third-way-international-movement/0bc00486-bd6d-4da4-a970-5255d7aa25d8/ |archive-date=13 December 2018}}</ref> In the United Kingdom, Third Way social-democratic proponent [[Tony Blair]] claimed that the [[socialism]] he advocated was different from traditional conceptions of socialism and said: "My kind of socialism is a set of values based around notions of [[social justice]].&nbsp;... Socialism as a rigid form of [[economic determinism]] has ended, and rightly."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hastings |first1=Adrian |last2=Mason |first2=Alistair |last3=Pyper |first3=Hugh |date=2000 |title=The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |page=677}}</ref> Blair referred to it as a "social-ism" involving politics that recognised individuals as socially interdependent and advocated social justice, social cohesion, equal worth of each citizen and equal opportunity.<ref>{{cite book |last=Freeden |first=Michael |date=2004 |title=Liberal Languages: Ideological Imaginations and Twentieth-Century Progressive Thought |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |page=198}}</ref><br />
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Third Way social-democratic interpreter [[Anthony Giddens]] has said that the Third Way rejects the [[state socialist]] conception of socialism and instead accepts the conception of socialism as conceived of by [[Anthony Crosland]] as an ethical doctrine that views social democratic governments as having achieved a viable [[ethical socialism]] by removing the unjust elements of capitalism by providing social welfare and other policies and that contemporary socialism has outgrown the [[Marxist]] claim for the need of the abolition of [[capitalism as a mode of production]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Giddens |first=Anthony |date=1994 |title=Beyond Left and Right: The Future of Radical Politics |location=Cambridge |publisher=[[Polity Press]] |pages=71–72}}</ref> In 2009, Blair publicly declared support for a "new capitalism".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tonyblairoffice.org/speeches/entry/speech-by-tony-blair-at-the-new-world-new-capitalism-conference/ |title=Speech by Tony Blair at the 'New world, new capitalism' conference |publisher=Tony Blair Office |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310133446/http://www.tonyblairoffice.org/speeches/entry/speech-by-tony-blair-at-the-new-world-new-capitalism-conference/ |archive-date=10 March 2013}}</ref><br />
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Policies supported by self-described Third Way supporters vary by region, political circumstances, and ideological leanings. Third Way advocates generally support [[public-private partnerships]], a commitment to [[fiscal conservatism]],<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Schmidt |editor1-first=Ingo |editor2-last=Evans |editor2-first=Bryan |title=Social democracy after the cold war |publisher=AU Press |location=Edmonton, AB |date=2012 |isbn=978-1-926836-88-1}}</ref> combining [[Equal opportunity|equality of opportunity]] with [[Moral responsibility|personal responsibility]], improving [[Human capital|human]] and [[social capital]], and [[protection of the environment]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Rosenau |first=Pauline Vaillancourt |title=The Competition Paradigm: America's Romance with Conflict, Contest, and Commerce |location=Lanham, MD / Oxford |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |date=2003 |page=209 |isbn=978-0-7425-2037-0}}</ref> But even in pursuit of these ends, Third Way advocates differ in their policies, owing to conflicting priorities. Anthony Giddens, for example – believing that society should be more inclusive to the elderly – called for abolishing the retirement age so people could exit the workforce whenever they have saved enough;{{sfn|Giddens|1998|pp=120–121}} French president [[Emmanuel Macron]] did the exact opposite, raising the retirement age to balance the budget.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cohen |first=Roger |title=Macron, Risking Backlash, Pushes Through Law Raising Retirement Age |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/16/world/europe/macron-france-pension.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |location=New York City |date=16 March 2023 |access-date=24 July 2023}}</ref> The [[Presidency of Bill Clinton|Bill Clinton administration]], influenced by the works of the controversial political scientist [[Charles Murray (political scientist)|Charles Murray]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Welfare Reform Working Group, Talking Points: Response to Charles Murray |url=http://www.clintonlibrary.gov/assets/storage/Research%20-%20Digital%20Library/Reed-Welfare1/20/612964-meetings-2.pdf |url-status=dead |publisher=[[Clinton Library]] |date=3 May 1994 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916130612/http://www.clintonlibrary.gov/assets/storage/Research%20-%20Digital%20Library/Reed-Welfare1/20/612964-meetings-2.pdf |archive-date=16 September 2012}}</ref> was less friendly to the welfare state than Tony Blair.<ref>Steven Fielding, ''The Labour Party: Continuity and Change in the making of new labour'', Palgrave Macmillan, 2003, pp. 179–180, p.188 {{ISBN|0333973933}}</ref><br />
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The Third Way has been criticised by other social democrats, as well as [[anarchists]], [[communist]]s, and in particular [[democratic socialist]]s as a betrayal of left-wing values,<ref name="Bill-Black-TRNN-2013-03-31">{{cite news |author-link=William K. Black |last=Black |first=Bill |date=28 March 2013 |url=http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31&Itemid=74&jumival=9976 |title=Gender Wage Gap is Shrinking – Male Wages are Going Down |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709154500/http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31&Itemid=74&jumival=9976 |archive-date=9 July 2017 |work=[[The Real News Network]] |access-date=31 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="Bill-Black-HuffPo-2013-01-10">{{cite news |last=Black |first=Bill |date=10 January 2013 |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/third-way-austerity_b_2448823 |title="Third Way's" "Fresh Thinking": The EU Is Our Model for Austerity" |work=[[The Huffington Post]] |access-date=10 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126215435/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/third-way-austerity_b_2448823 |archive-date=26 November 2020}}</ref><ref name="Bill-Black-AlterNet-2013-03-03">{{cite news |last=Black |first=Bill |date=3 March 2013 |url=http://www.alternet.org/economy/seriously-new-york-times-calls-wall-street-front-group-center-left?akid=10276.215495.rFHl2T&rd=1&src=newsletter818889&t=11&paging=off |title=Seriously? New York Times Calls Wall Street Front Group "Center-Left" |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815131537/https://www.alternet.org/economy/seriously-new-york-times-calls-wall-street-front-group-center-left?akid=10276.215495.rFHl2T&rd=1&src=newsletter818889&t=11&paging=off |archive-date=15 August 2018 |work=[[AlterNet]] |access-date=3 March 2013}}</ref> with some political scientists and analysts characterising the Third Way as an effectively neoliberal movement.<ref name="Collection 1">{{harvnb|Barrientos|Powell|2004|pp=9–26}}; {{harvnb|Romano|2006}}; {{harvnb|Hinnfors|2006}}; {{harvnb|Lafontaine|2009}}; {{harvnb|Corfe|2010}}</ref> It has also been criticised by [[Liberal conservatism|conservatives]], [[nationalists]], [[classical liberal]]s, and [[Right-libertarianism|libertarians]] who advocate for ''[[laissez-faire]]'' [[capitalism]].<ref name="Bashan 2002">{{cite web |url=http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=4173 |last=Bashan |first=Patrick |date=5 November 2002 |title=Is the Third Way at a Dead End? |publisher=[[Cato Institute]] |access-date=7 July 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613001847/http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=4173 |archive-date=13 June 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Veal |first=A.J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UMgUbiRLtOwC&pg=PA35 |title=Leisure, Sport and Tourism, Politics, Policy and Planning |year=2010 |pages=34–35 |isbn=9781845935238 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517175038/https://books.google.com/books?id=UMgUbiRLtOwC&pg=PA35 |archive-date=17 May 2022 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref><br />
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== Overview ==<br />
=== Origins ===<br />
As a term, the ''third way'' has been used to explain a variety of political courses and ideologies in the last few centuries.{{sfn|Romano|2006|p=2}} These ideas were implemented by [[progressives]] in the early 20th century. The term was picked up again in the 1950s by German [[ordoliberal]] economists such as [[Wilhelm Röpke]], resulting in the development of the concept of the [[social market economy]]. Röpke later distanced himself from the term and located the social market economy as first way in the sense of an advancement of the [[free-market economy]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Röpke |first=Wilhelm |date=1951 |title=Die Lehre von der Wirtschaft, Erlenbach-Zürich |language=de |trans-title=The teaching of the economy, Erlenbach-Zürich |pages=56–59}}</ref><br />
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During the [[Prague Spring]] of 1968, reform economist [[Ota Šik]] proposed third way economic reform as part of political [[liberalisation]] and [[democratisation]] within the country. In historical context, such proposals were better described as liberalised [[centrally-planned economy]] rather than the socially-sensitive capitalism that Third Way policies tend to have been identified with in the West. In the 1970s and 1980s, [[Enrico Berlinguer]], leader of the [[Italian Communist Party]], came to advocate a vision of a socialist society that was more pluralist than the [[real socialism]] which was typically advocated by [[official communist]] parties whilst being more economically egalitarian than social democracy. This was part of the wider trend of [[Eurocommunism]] in the communist movement and provided a theoretical basis for Berlinguer's pursuit of the [[Historic Compromise]] with the [[Christian Democracy (Italy)|Christian Democrats]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Sassoon |first=Donald |date=July 1984 |title=Berlinguer: architect of Eurocommunism |url=http://banmarchive.org.uk/collections/mt/pdf/84_07_14.pdf |magazine=[[Marxism Today]] |publisher=[[Communist Party of Great Britain]] |access-date=14 November 2016}}</ref><br />
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=== Modern usage ===<br />
Third Way politics is visible in Anthony Giddens' works such as ''Consequences of Modernity'' (1990), ''Modernity and Self-Identity'' (1991), ''The Transformation of Intimacy'' (1992), ''Beyond Left and Right'' (1994) and ''The Third Way: The Renewal of Social Democracy'' (1998). In ''Beyond Left and Right'', Giddens criticises [[market socialism]] and constructs a six-point framework for a reconstituted [[Radicalization|radical politics]] that includes the following values:<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bryant |first1=Christopher G. A. |last2=Jary |first2=David |chapter=Anthony Giddens |chapter-url=http://www.blackwellreference.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405105958_chunk_g978140510595813 |editor-last=Ritzer |editor-first=George |editor-link=George Ritzer |title=The Blackwell Companion to Major Contemporary Social Theorists |publisher=[[Blackwell Publishing|Blackwell]] |location=Malden, Massachusetts Oxford |year=2003 |isbn=9781405105958 |title-link=The Blackwell Companion to Major Contemporary Social Theorists |pages=247–273 |doi=10.1002/9780470999912.ch11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130421050654/http://www.blackwellreference.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405105958_chunk_g978140510595813 |archive-date=21 April 2013}}</ref><br />
# Repair damaged [[Solidarity (sociology)|solidarities]].<br />
# Recognise the centrality of life politics.<br />
# Accept that active trust implies generative politics.<br />
# Embrace dialogic democracy.<br />
# Rethink the [[welfare state]].<br />
# Confront violence.<br />
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In ''The Third Way'', Giddens provides the framework within which the Third Way, also termed by Giddens as the ''[[Radical center (politics)|radical centre]]'', is justified. In addition, it supplies a broad range of policy proposals aimed at what Giddens calls the "[[Progressivism|progressive]] [[centre-left]]" in British politics.{{sfn|Giddens|1998|pp=44–46}}<br />
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[[Bill Clinton]] espoused the ideas of the Third Way during [[Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign|his 1992 presidential campaign]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Kelly |first=Michael |date=26 September 1992 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/26/us/1992-campaign-democrats-clinton-says-he-s-not-leaning-left-but-taking-new-third.html |title=The 1992 Campaign: The Democrats; Clinton Says He's Not Leaning Left but Taking a New 'Third Way' |work=[[The New York Times]] |page=7 |access-date=10 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301094321/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/26/us/1992-campaign-democrats-clinton-says-he-s-not-leaning-left-but-taking-new-third.html |archive-date=1 March 2019}}</ref><br />
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The Third Way has been defined as such: <blockquote>[S]omething different and distinct from liberal capitalism with its unswerving belief in the merits of the free market and democratic socialism with its demand management and obsession with the state. The Third Way is in favour of growth, entrepreneurship, enterprise and wealth creation but it is also in favour of greater social justice and it sees the state playing a major role in bringing this about. So in the words of ... Anthony Giddens of the LSE the Third Way rejects top down socialism as it rejects traditional neo liberalism.{{sfn|Arora|2010|pp=9, 22}}<ref name="BBC" /></blockquote><br />
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The Third Way has been advocated by its proponents as a "radical-centrist" alternative to both capitalism and what it regards as the traditional forms of socialism, including [[Socialism (Marxism)|Marxian]] and [[state socialism]].{{sfn|Arora|2010|pp=9, 22}} It advocates [[ethical socialism]], [[reformism]] and [[gradualism]] that includes advocating the humanisation of [[capitalism]], a [[mixed economy]], [[Pluralism (political theory)|political pluralism]] and [[liberal democracy]].{{sfn|Arora|2010|pp=9, 22}}<br />
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The Third Way has been often hard to holistically summarise, partly due to its flexible nature of putting ends before means, that is prioritising achieving social justice rather than focusing on the methods by which one achieves social justice. Often cited as the easiest summary of the Third Way is 'rights with responsibilities' – for example, pairing the [[right to education]] with the responsibility to put effort towards achieving good grades. On economics specifically, a great deal of the emphasis of the Third Way is placed on tax revenue, and the means by which it is generated. The Third Way argues that wealth must be enticed in a globalised economy, and that any [[capital flight]] caused by high taxes is counterproductive to generating tax revenue, for future tax revenue will be lost. The Third Way argues that growth is the best way to raise tax revenue, and that growth can be achieved through a free market economy, fiscal discipline and a healthy human capital stock.<br />
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=== Within social democracy ===<br />
The Third Way has been advocated by proponents as competition socialism, an ideology in between traditional socialism and capitalism.<ref>{{cite book |last=Döring |first=Daniel |date=2007 |title=Is 'Third Way' Social Democracy Still a Form of Social Democracy? |location=Norderstedt, Germany |publisher=GRIN Verlag |page=3}}</ref> Anthony Giddens, a prominent proponent of the Third Way, has publicly endorsed a modernised form of socialism within the social democracy movement. However, he argues that traditional socialist ideology, specifically referring to state socialism involving economic management and planning, is flawed. Giddens asserts that as a theory of the managed economy, it barely exists any longer.{{sfn|Romano|2006}}<br />
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In defining the Third Way, [[Tony Blair]] once wrote: "The Third Way stands for a modernised social democracy, passionate in its commitment to social justice".<ref>{{cite book |last=Lowe |first=Rodney |date=1993 |title=The Welfare State in Britain Since 1945 |publisher=[[Palgrave-MacMillan|Palgrave]] |isbn=978-1403911933}}</ref><br />
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== History ==<br />
=== Australia ===<br />
[[File:Hawke Bob BANNER.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Bob Hawke]], who along with his successor [[Paul Keating]] laid the groundwork to both [[New Democrats (United States)|New Democrats]] and [[New Labour]] as well as Third Way politics]]<br />
Under the [[centre-left]] [[Australian Labor Party]] (ALP) from 1983 to 1996, the [[Bob Hawke]] and [[Paul Keating]] governments pursued many economic policies associated with [[economic rationalism]] such as [[Floating currency|floating]] the [[Australian Dollar]] in 1983, reductions in trade [[tariff]]s, [[Tax reform|taxation reforms]], changing from centralised [[Price controls|wage-fixing]] to [[Enterprise Bargaining Agreement|enterprise bargaining]], restrictions on [[trade union]] activities including on [[strike action]] and [[pattern bargaining]], the [[privatisation]] of government-run services and enterprises such as [[Qantas]] and the [[Commonwealth Bank]] and wholesale [[deregulation]] of the [[banking system]]. Keating also proposed a [[Goods and Services Tax (Australia)|Goods and Services Tax]] (GST) in 1985, but this was scrapped due to its unpopularity amongst both ALP and electorate. The party also desisted from other reforms such as wholesale [[labour market]] deregulation, the eventual GST, the privatisation of [[Telstra]] and [[welfare reform]]. The Hawke-Keating governments have been considered by some as laying the groundwork for the later development of both the [[New Democrats (United States)|New Democrats]] in the United States and [[New Labour]] in the United Kingdom.<ref name="Lavelle 2005">{{cite journal |title=Social Democrats and Neo-Liberalism: A Case Study of the Australian Labor Party |last=Lavelle |first=Ashley |journal=Political Studies |date=1 December 2005 |volume=53 |issue=4 |pages=753–771 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-9248.2005.00555.x |s2cid=144842245}}</ref><ref name="Humphrys 2018">{{cite book |last=Humphrys |first=Elizabeth |title=How Labour Built Neoliberalism: Australia's Accord, the Labour Movement and the Neoliberal Project |date=8 October 2018 |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |isbn=978-90-04-38346-3 |author-link=Elizabeth Humphrys}}</ref> One political commentator agreed that it led [[centre-left]] parties towards the path to [[neoliberalism]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Badham |first=Van |date=6 April 2017 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/apr/06/australian-labor-led-centre-left-parties-into-neoliberalism-can-they-lead-it-out |title=Australian Labor led centre-left parties into neoliberalism. Can they lead it out? |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=15 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508012515/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/apr/06/australian-labor-led-centre-left-parties-into-neoliberalism-can-they-lead-it-out |archive-date=8 May 2017}}</ref> Meanwhile, others, particularly former Labor MP and current National President [[Wayne Swan]], acknowledge several [[Economic Conservatism|economically conservative]] reforms, but at the same time disagreed and focused on the prosperity and social equality that they provided in the "26 years of uninterrupted economic growth since 1991", seeing it as fitting well within "Australian Laborism".<ref name="Swan">{{cite news |last=Swan |first=Wayne |author-link=Wayne Swan |date=13 May 2017 |url=http://theconversation.com/was-embracing-the-market-a-necessary-evil-for-labour-and-labor-81612 |title=Was embracing the market a necessary evil for Labour and Labor? |work=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=15 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117021222/http://theconversation.com/was-embracing-the-market-a-necessary-evil-for-labour-and-labor-81612 |archive-date=17 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Jacotine |first=Keshia |date=25 August 2017 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/may/14/the-hawke-keating-agenda-was-laborism-not-neoliberalism-and-is-still-a-guiding-light |title=The Hawke-Keating agenda was Laborism, not neoliberalism, and is still a guiding light |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=15 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170604190440/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/may/14/the-hawke-keating-agenda-was-laborism-not-neoliberalism-and-is-still-a-guiding-light |archive-date=4 June 2017}}</ref> Swan also mentioned the fact that the policies and reforms of the Hawke–Keating governments, described as Third Way, predated the idea by a decade or more.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.alp.org.au/national-president-media/australian-laborism-the-way-ahead/ |title=Australian Laborism: The Way Ahead |last=Swan |first=Wayne |author-link=Wayne Swan |date= |website=alp.org.au |publisher=[[Australian Labor Party]] (ALP) |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210311161006/https://www.alp.org.au/national-president-media/australian-laborism-the-way-ahead/ |archive-date=11 March 2021 |quote=The Hawke-Keating economic reforms should be more appropriately described as Australian Laborism, and nothing like the Third Way ideology embraced by some US Democrats and some in British Labour. We were first. And we did it our way, the Australian Labor way. We led the way, forcing the conservatives into policy retreat and to fight the battles on our turf.}}</ref><br />
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Both Hawke and Keating made some criticism too.<ref>{{cite news |last=Snow |first=Deborah |date=30 March 2017 |url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/paul-keating-says-neoliberalism-is-at-a-dead-end-after-sally-mcmanus-speech-20170329-gv9cto.html |title=Paul Keating says neo-liberalism is at 'a dead end' after Sally McManus speech |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |access-date=15 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180409073505/https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/paul-keating-says-neoliberalism-is-at-a-dead-end-after-sally-mcmanus-speech-20170329-gv9cto.html |archive-date=9 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Robertson |first=Tim |date=20 April 2017 |url=https://www.eurekastreet.com.au/article/we-are-all-neoliberals-now |title=We are all neoliberals now |work=Eureka Street |access-date=15 February 2020 |quote=The Left's failure is, therefore, not so much that neoliberalism has failed, but that when it did there existed no alternative that could challenge its dominance. Keating, even now, proposes no solutions; he offers, simply, a critique. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509222415/https://www.eurekastreet.com.au/article/we-are-all-neoliberals-now |archive-date=9 May 2019}}</ref> In the lead-up to the [[2019 Australian federal election|2019 federal election]], Hawke made a joint statement with Keating endorsing Labor's economic plan and condemned the [[Liberal Party (Australia)|Liberal Party]] for "completely [giving] up the economic reform agenda". They stated that "[[Bill Shorten|[Bill] Shorten]]'s Labor is the only party of government focused on the need to modernise the economy to deal with the major challenge of our time: human induced climate change".<ref>{{cite news |last=Hartcher |first=Peter |date=8 May 2019 |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6111996/old-foes-bury-the-hatchet-to-endorse-shorten/ |title=Bob Hawke and Paul Keating reunite for the first time in 28 years to endorse Labor's economic plan |work=[[The Canberra Times]] |access-date=15 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529152140/https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6111996/old-foes-bury-the-hatchet-to-endorse-shorten/ |archive-date=29 May 2019}}</ref><br />
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Various ideological beliefs were factionalised under reforms to the ALP under Gough Whitlam, resulting in what is now known as [[Labor Left]] which broadly advocates for democratic socialism, economic interventionism, and progressive social policies; and [[Labor Right]], which tends to align more closely with social democracy and has been the main proponent of Third Way style economic policy within the party.<br />
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Former Labor Prime Minister [[Kevin Rudd]]'s first speech to parliament in 1998 stated: <blockquote>Competitive markets are massive and generally efficient generators of economic wealth. They must therefore have a central place in the management of the economy. But markets sometimes fail, requiring direct government intervention through instruments such as industry policy. There are also areas where the public good dictates that there should be no market at all. We are not afraid of a vision in the Labor Party, but nor are we afraid of doing the hard policy yards necessary to turn that vision into reality. Parties of the Centre Left around the world are wrestling with a similar challenge – the creation of a competitive economy while advancing the overriding imperative of a just society. Some call this the "third way". The nomenclature is unimportant. What is important is that it is a repudiation of [[Thatcherism]] and its Australian derivatives represented opposite. It is in fact a new formulation of the nation's economic and social imperatives.<ref>{{cite web |first=Kevin |last=Rudd |author-link=Kevin Rudd |title=First Speech to Parliament |publisher=[[Parliament of Australia]] |date=11 November 1998 |url=http://www.aph.gov.au/house/members/firstspeech.asp?id=83T |access-date=9 December 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223222531/http://www.aph.gov.au/house/members/firstspeech.asp?id=83T |archive-date=23 December 2007}}</ref></blockquote><br />
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=== Brazil ===<br />
{{Main|Third Way (Brazil)}}<br />
{{See also|Fernando Henrique Cardoso|Brazilian Social Democracy Party}}<br />
Examples of Brazilian Third Way politicians include current Vice President [[Geraldo Alckmin]] and former president [[Fernando Henrique Cardoso]]. Other politicians include [[Simone Tebet]], [[José Serra]] and [[Ciro Gomes]], and to a lesser extent [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-09-28 |title=Brazil election: 'Third way' candidates gain little ground against Lula and Bolsonaro |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2022/09/28/brazil-election-third-way-candidates-gain-little-ground-against-lula-and-bolsonaro_5998463_4.html |access-date=2024-07-17 |work=Le Monde.fr |language=en}}</ref><br />
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=== France ===<br />
{{see also|Emmanuel Macron|La République En Marche!|MoDem}}<br />
Examples of French Third Way politicians include current President [[Emmanuel Macron]], and to a lesser extent [[François Hollande]], [[Dominique Strauss-Kahn]] and [[Manuel Valls]].<ref>{{harvnb|Yuk|2007}}; {{harvnb|Lohrenz|2014}}; {{harvnb|Alcaro|Le Corre|2014}}; {{harvnb|Milner|2017}}</ref><br />
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=== Germany ===<br />
[[File:Olaf Scholz 2024.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Chancellor of Germany|German chancellor]] [[Olaf Scholz]] (2021–2025)]]<br />
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Former German chancellor [[Gerhard Schröder]] (1998–2005) was a proponent of Third Way policies. Throughout his campaign for chancellor, he portrayed himself as a pragmatic ''new'' [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democrat]] who would promote economic growth while strengthening Germany's generous social welfare system.<ref>[[Edmund L. Andrews]] (20 October 1998), [https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/20/world/choice-for-economics-post-spurns-offer-by-schroder.html Choice for Economics Post Spurns Offer by Schroder] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005152448/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/20/world/choice-for-economics-post-spurns-offer-by-schroder.html |date=5 October 2017 }} ''[[The New York Times]]''.</ref> During Schröder's time in office, economic growth slowed to only 0.2% in 2002 and Gross Domestic Product shrank in 2003, while German unemployment was over the 10% mark.<ref>[http://www.dw.com/en/schr%C3%B6der-urges-reform-as-spd-celebrates-140th-anniversary/a-876290-1 Schröder Urges Reform as SPD Celebrates 140th Anniversary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005101830/http://www.dw.com/en/schr%C3%B6der-urges-reform-as-spd-celebrates-140th-anniversary/a-876290-1 |date=5 October 2017 }} ''[[Deutsche Welle]]'', 23 May 2002.</ref> Most voters soon associated Schröder with the [[Agenda 2010]] reform program, which included cuts in the [[social welfare]] system ([[national health insurance]], [[unemployment insurance|unemployment payments]], pensions), lower taxes, and reformed regulations on employment and payment. He also eliminated capital gains tax on the sale of corporate stocks and thereby made the country more attractive to foreign investors.<ref>Claus Christian Malzahn (14 October 2005), [http://www.spiegel.de/international/the-modern-chancellor-taking-stock-of-gerhard-schroeder-a-379600.html The Modern Chancellor: Taking Stock of Gerhard Schröder] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023033112/http://www.spiegel.de/international/the-modern-chancellor-taking-stock-of-gerhard-schroeder-a-379600.html|date=23 October 2012}} ''[[Spiegel Online]]''.</ref><br />
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Chancellor Olaf Scholz (2021–2025) has not explicitly stated support for Third way policies, but is widely seen as part of the moderate wing of within the SPD.<ref name="Nienaber-2018">{{cite web|first=Michael|last=Nienaber|date=29 May 2018|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-scholz-analysis/germanys-miserly-scholz-irks-comrades-at-home-and-abroad-idUSKCN1IU0EX|title=Germany's 'miserly' Scholz irks comrades at home and abroad|work=[[Reuters]]|access-date=2 June 2018|archive-date=29 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529084013/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-scholz-analysis/germanys-miserly-scholz-irks-comrades-at-home-and-abroad-idUSKCN1IU0EX|url-status=dead}}</ref> During his tenure as minister of finance in the [[Fourth Merkel cabinet]] (2018–2021), Scholz prioritised not taking on new government debt and limiting public spending.<ref name="Chazan-2018">{{cite news |last1=Chazan |first1=Guy |title=Olaf Scholz, a sound guardian for Germany's finances |url=https://www.ft.com/content/170b9d0a-0cc2-11e8-8eb7-42f857ea9f09 |website=Financial Times |access-date=7 September 2021 |date=9 February 2018 |archive-date=26 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826204338/https://www.ft.com/content/170b9d0a-0cc2-11e8-8eb7-42f857ea9f09 |url-status=live}}</ref><br />
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=== Hungary ===<br />
In Hungary, this concept emerged in the 1930s through the writings of Hungarian authors who focused on rural life and national character, seeking an alternative to the prevailing political orthodoxies of their time.<br />
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Looking beyond Hungary's domestic political landscape, the third way embodied a comprehensive rejection of both liberal capitalism, which had proven hostile to social justice rooted in Christian principles, and the despotic socialist systems that brutally trampled individual freedoms.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kortárs Online {{!}} Népi mozgalom – harmadik út |url=http://www.kortarsonline.hu/2011/12/nepi-mozgalom-%e2%80%93-harmadik-ut/2496 |access-date=2025-09-25 |website=Kortárs Online |language=hu-HU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jancsó |first=Ádám Darabos{{!}}András |date=2021-11-06 |title=Forgotten Origins of Christian Democracy |url=https://www.hungarianconservative.com/articles/culture_society/forgotten-origins-of-christian-democracy/ |access-date=2025-09-25 |website=Hungarian Conservative |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
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The movement of Hungarian writers and intellectuals who focused on rural life and national character began in the 1930s. Its leading figures reached a fundamental understanding that the nation's problems could only be solved if politics became capable of simultaneously championing the causes of nationhood, democracy, and social justice rooted in Christian principles. The terrible tragedies of the 20th century demonstrate that when those in power neglect even one of these three core principles, the other two inevitably become corrupted.<br />
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It wasn't until much later that genuine third way political movements began to emerge. In the 2006 elections, [[Hungarian Justice and Life Party|MIÉP]] formed an alliance with [[Jobbik]] under the name "Third Way," creating an electoral party that proudly adopted third-way principles as reflected in its very name.<ref>https://magyarnemzet.hu/archivum-archivum/2006/03/miep-jobbik-a-harmadik-ut-orszagos-listaja</ref><br />
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Since the establishment of the [[Our Homeland Movement]] in 2018, the party has identified itself with the "Our Homeland the Third Way" logo, displaying it prominently on its 2022 election posters and on the back cover of its 100-page "Dawn Program"<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-16 |title=Dawn Program - English version |url=https://mihazank.hu/dawn-program/ |access-date=2025-09-25 |website=Mi Hazánk Mozgalom |language=hu}}</ref> The movement publishes a free monthly public affairs magazine titled "The Third Way."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dániel |first=Dér |date=2022-03-30 |title=Íme a Fidesz által letiltani próbált A harmadik út című újság: négymillió példányt kézbesít a Mi Hazánk |url=https://mihazank.hu/ime-a-fidesz-altal-letiltani-probalt-a-harmadik-ut-nevu-ujsag-negymillio-peldanyt-kezbesitenek-a-mi-hazank-aktivistai/ |access-date=2025-09-25 |website=Mi Hazánk Mozgalom |language=hu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Miért aggasztó, hogy |url=https://www.hetek.hu//cikkek/belfold/2022aprilis/dobbenetes-veszely-a-demokraciara-nezve |access-date=2025-09-25 |website=www.hetek.hu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Álmos |first=Avar |date=2023-11-10 |title=Nyomtass magad! Itt a Mi Hazánk nyomtatható havilapja |url=https://mihazank.hu/harmadikut/ |access-date=2025-09-25 |website=Mi Hazánk Mozgalom |language=hu}}</ref> In their public statements, they explicitly distance themselves from both liberal right-wing and left-wing political blocs.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e6K273x9btI |title=Mi Hazánk: a harmadik út |date=2022-03-03 |last=Mi Hazánk Mozgalom |access-date=2025-09-25 |via=YouTube}}</ref><br />
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=== Italy ===<br />
{{see also|Craxism}}<br />
{{Expand section|with=information about late PSI and Craxi|date=January 2023}}<br />
[[File:Matteo Renzi 2015.jpeg|thumb|upright|[[Matteo Renzi]], the former [[Italian Prime Minister]], a Third Way politician]]<br />
The Italian [[Democratic Party (Italy)|Democratic Party]] is a plural [[social democratic]] party including several distinct ideological trends. Politicians such as former Prime Ministers [[Romano Prodi]] and [[Matteo Renzi]] are proponents of the Third Way.<ref name="bbc07">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/298465.stm |title=All aboard the Third Way |work=[[BBC News]] |date=19 March 1999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030204120022/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/298465.stm |archive-date=4 February 2003}}</ref> Renzi has occasionally been compared to former [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|UK Prime Minister]] [[Tony Blair]] for his political views.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.repubblica.it/esteri/2014/04/03/news/tony_blair_renzi_mio_erede_con_la_sua_corsa_alle_riforme_cambier_l_italia-82630239/ |title=Tony Blair: "Renzi mio erede, con la sua corsa alle riforme cambierà l'Italia |language=it |trans-title=Tony Blair: "Renzi my heir, with his race for reforms will change Italy |first1=Enrico |last1=Franceschini |first2=John |last2=Lloyd |date=3 April 2014 |work=[[La Repubblica]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529022908/https://www.repubblica.it/esteri/2014/04/03/news/tony_blair_renzi_mio_erede_con_la_sua_corsa_alle_riforme_cambier_l_italia-82630239/ |archive-date=29 May 2014}}</ref> Renzi himself has previously claimed to be a supporter of Blair's ideology of the Third Way, regarding an objective to synthesise liberal economics and left-wing social policies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unita.it/italia/speciale-primarie-del-centrosinistra/la-scelta-di-renzi-una-nuova-terza-via-1.467451 |title=Intervista a Matteo Renzi di Claudio Sardo |language=it |trans-title=Interview with Matteo Renzi by Claudio Sardo |work=[[L'Unità]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701083012/http://www.unita.it/italia/speciale-primarie-del-centrosinistra/la-scelta-di-renzi-una-nuova-terza-via-1.467451 |archive-date=1 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.formiche.net/2013/06/09/irpef-imu-e-la-terza-via-di-gutgeld-guru-economico-di-renzi/ |title=Irpef, Imu e la terza via di Gutgeld, "guru" economico di Renzi |language=it |trans-title=Irpef, Imu and the third way of Gutgeld, Renzi's economic "guru". |publisher=Formiche Net |date=9 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721103237/https://formiche.net/2013/06/irpef-imu-e-la-terza-via-di-gutgeld-guru-economico-di-renzi/ |archive-date=21 July 2018}}</ref><br />
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Under Renzi's secretariat, the Democratic Party took a strong stance in favour of [[2016 Italian constitutional referendum|constitutional reform]] and of a new [[electoral law]] on the road toward a [[two-party system]]. It is not an easy task to find the exact political trend represented by Renzi and his supporters, who have been known as ''[[Renziani]]''. The nature of Renzi's [[progressivism]] is a matter of debate and has been linked both to [[liberalism]] and [[populism]].<ref name="ricerca.repubblica.it">{{cite web |first=Concita |last=De Gregorio |url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2011/10/31/il-populista-di-centro.html |title=Il populista di centro |language=it |trans-title=The populist of the center |work=[[La Repubblica]] |date=31 October 2011 |access-date=17 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111122026/http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2011/10/31/il-populista-di-centro.html |archive-date=11 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.europaquotidiano.it/2013/09/06/la-cura-omeopatica-renzi-per-battere-berlusconi/ |title=La cura omeopatica Renzi per battere Berlusconi |language=it |trans-title=The homeopathic cure Renzi to beat Berlusconi |work=Europa Quotidiano |date=6 September 2013 |access-date=17 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006072326/http://www.europaquotidiano.it/2013/09/06/la-cura-omeopatica-renzi-per-battere-berlusconi/ |archive-date=6 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> According to Maria Teresa Meli of ''[[Corriere della Sera]]'', Renzi "pursues a precise model, borrowed from the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] and [[Bill Clinton]]'s [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]", comprising "a strange mix (for Italy) of liberal policy in the economic sphere and populism. This means that on one side he will attack the privileges of trade unions, especially of the [[Italian General Confederation of Labour|CGIL]], which defends only the already protected, while on the other he will sharply attack the vested powers, bankers, [[Confindustria]] and a certain type of capitalism".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2013/novembre/11/Renzi_pensa_che_premier_punti_co_0_20131111_3a9d8bc8-4a9a-11e3-af53-696773e76c0b.shtml |title=Ma Renzi pensa che il premier punti a un futuro in Europa |language=it |trans-title=But Renzi thinks the prime minister is aiming for a future in Europe |work=[[Corriere della Sera]] |access-date=17 May 2014}}</ref><br />
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After the Democratic Party's defeat in the [[2018 Italian general election|2018 general election]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.corriere.it/elezioni-2018/notizie/elezioni-2018-exit-poll-risultati-proiezioni-spoglio-eb21387e-1ff1-11e8-a09a-92b478235f6f.shtml |title=Elezioni 2018: M5S primo partito, nel centrodestra la Lega supera FI |language=it |trans-title=Elections 2018: M5S first party, in the centre-right the League surpasses FI |first=Alessandro |last=Sala |newspaper=[[Corriere della Sera]] |date=3 April 2018 |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128172222/https://www.corriere.it/elezioni-2018/notizie/elezioni-2018-exit-poll-risultati-proiezioni-spoglio-eb21387e-1ff1-11e8-a09a-92b478235f6f.shtml |archive-date=28 January 2022}}</ref> in which the party gained 18.8% and 19.1% of the vote (down from 25.5% and 27.4% in 2013) and lost 185 deputies and 58 senators, respectively, Renzi resigned as the party's secretary.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.repubblica.it/speciali/politica/elezioni2018/2018/03/04/news/risultati_elezioni_politiche_pd_centrodestra_m5s_fi_lega-190424815/ |title=Elezioni politiche: vincono M5s e Lega. Crollo del Partito democratico. Centrodestra prima coalizione. Il Carroccio sorpassa Forza Italia |trans-title=Political elections: M5s and Lega win. Collapse of the Democratic Party. Centre-right first coalition. The Carroccio overtakes Forza Italia |last=Matteucci |first=Piera |newspaper=[[La Repubblica]] |language=it |date=4 March 2018 |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505040727/https://www.repubblica.it/speciali/politica/elezioni2018/2018/03/04/news/risultati_elezioni_politiche_pd_centrodestra_m5s_fi_lega-190424815/ |archive-date=5 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.repubblica.it/speciali/politica/elezioni2018/2018/03/05/news/elezioni_2018_renzi_si_dimette-190497785/ |title=Renzi: "Lascerò dopo nuovo governo. Pd all'opposizione". Ma è scontro nel partito: "Via subito". Orfini: "Percorso previsto dallo statuto |trans-title=Renzi: "I will leave the new government after. Pd in opposition". But it is a clash in the party: "Get out now". Orfini: "Path envisaged by the statute |newspaper=[[La Repubblica]] |language=it |date=5 March 2018 |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181109150706/https://www.repubblica.it/speciali/politica/elezioni2018/2018/03/05/news/elezioni_2018_renzi_si_dimette-190497785/ |archive-date=9 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/03/12/news/direzione_pd_governo_elezioni_politiche_2018_matteo_renzi_mi_dimetto_ma_non_mollo_-191080532/ |title=Direzione Pd, Martina: "Governino Lega e M5s". Renzi assente: "Mi dimetto ma non mollo |trans-title=Pd direction, Martina: "Governino Lega and M5s". Renzi absent: "I resign but I won't give up |last1=Casadio |first1=Giovanna |last2=Custodero |first2=Alberto |newspaper=[[La Repubblica]] |language=it |date=12 March 2018 |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522074928/https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/03/12/news/direzione_pd_governo_elezioni_politiche_2018_matteo_renzi_mi_dimetto_ma_non_mollo_-191080532/ |archive-date=22 May 2018}}</ref> In March 2019, [[Nicola Zingaretti]], a social democrat and prominent member of the party's left-wing with solid roots in the [[Italian Communist Party]], won the [[2019 Democratic Party (Italy) leadership election|leadership election]] by a landslide, defeating [[Maurizio Martina]] (Renzi's former deputy secretary) and [[Roberto Giachetti]] (supported by most ''Renziani'').<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/03/italy-heads-to-the-polls-to-elect-new-leader-for-democratic-party |title=Nicola Zingaretti elected as leader of Italy's Democratic party |last=Giuffrida |first=Angela |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=3 March 2019 |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304040625/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/03/italy-heads-to-the-polls-to-elect-new-leader-for-democratic-party |archive-date=4 March 2019}}</ref> Zingaretti focused his campaign on a clear contrast with Renzi's policies and his victory opened the way for a new party.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/in-edicola/articoli/2019/03/04/zingaretti-segretario-il-renzismo-archiviato-voltiamo-pagina/5011447/ |title=Zingaretti segretario. Il renzismo archiviato: "Voltiamo pagina |trans-title=Zingaretti secretary. Renzism archived: "Let's turn the page |last=Marra |first=Wanda |newspaper=[[Il Fatto Quotidiano]] |language=it |date=4 March 2019 |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809072148/https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/in-edicola/articoli/2019/03/04/zingaretti-segretario-il-renzismo-archiviato-voltiamo-pagina/5011447/ |archive-date=9 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tg24.info/primarie-pd-zingaretti-ora-voltiamo-pagina-pronti-al-riscatto-di-chi-soffre-per-ingiustizie-video/ |title=Primarie PD – Zingaretti: "Ora voltiamo pagina, pronti al riscatto di chi soffre per ingiustizie" (video) |trans-title=Primaries PD – Zingaretti: "Now let's move on, ready to redeem those who suffer from injustice" (video) |publisher=[[Sky TG24]] |language=it |date=4 March 2019 |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304202538/https://www.tg24.info/primarie-pd-zingaretti-ora-voltiamo-pagina-pronti-al-riscatto-di-chi-soffre-per-ingiustizie-video/ |archive-date=4 March 2019}}</ref><br />
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In September 2019, Renzi announced his intention to leave the Democratic Party and create a new parliamentary group.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://rep.repubblica.it/pwa/intervista/2019/09/16/news/pd_renzi_scissione-236190189/ |title=Renzi lascia il Pd: "Uscire dal partito sarà un bene per tutti. Anche per Conte" |trans-title=Renzi leaves the Democratic Party: "Leaving the party will be good for everyone. Even for Conte" |last=Cuzzocrea |first=Annalisa |newspaper=[[La Repubblica]] |language=it |date=17 September 2019 |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920140434/https://rep.repubblica.it/pwa/intervista/2019/09/16/news/pd_renzi_scissione-236190189/ |archive-date=20 September 2019}}</ref> He officially launched [[Italia Viva]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.corriere.it/politica/19_settembre_17/renzi-il-nome-nuova-sfida-che-stiamo-lanciare-sara-italia-viva-8dbc9da4-d963-11e9-8812-2a1c8aa813a3.shtml |title=Renzi: "Il nome della nuova sfida che stiamo per lanciare sarà Italia viva |language=it |trans-title=Renzi: "The name of the new challenge we are about to launch will be Italia viva |newspaper=[[Corriere della Sera]] |date=17 September 2019 |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928110141/https://www.corriere.it/politica/19_settembre_17/renzi-il-nome-nuova-sfida-che-stiamo-lanciare-sara-italia-viva-8dbc9da4-d963-11e9-8812-2a1c8aa813a3_preview.shtml?reason=unauthenticated&cat=1&cid=ET7CgTWp&pids=FR&credits=1&origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.corriere.it%2Fpolitica%2F19_settembre_17%2Frenzi-il-nome-nuova-sfida-che-stiamo-lanciare-sara-italia-viva-8dbc9da4-d963-11e9-8812-2a1c8aa813a3.shtml |archive-date=28 September 2019}}</ref> to continue the liberal and Third Way tradition<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sciorilli Borrelli |first1=Silvia |last2=Barigazzi |first2=Jacopo |date=5 September 2019 |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/matteo-renzi-italys-government-crisis-demolition-man-returns-to-the-fray/ |title=Matteo Renzi's triumphant return |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910200536/https://www.politico.eu/article/matteo-renzi-italys-government-crisis-demolition-man-returns-to-the-fray/ |archive-date=10 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/world/europe/2019/09/matteo-renzi-s-new-centrist-party-italia-viva-faces-struggle-relevance |title=Matteo Renzi's new centrist party Italia Viva faces a struggle for relevance |last=Broder |first=David |newspaper=[[New Statesman]] |date=18 September 2019 |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130234541/https://www.newstatesman.com/world/2019/09/matteo-renzi-s-new-centrist-party-italia-viva-faces-struggle-relevance |archive-date=30 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Segond |first=Valérie |date=17 September 2019 |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/international/matteo-renzi-fausse-compagnie-au-parti-democrate-20190917 |title=Italie: Matteo Renzi fausse compagnie au Parti démocrate |language=fr |trans-title=Italy: Matteo Renzi gives way to the Democratic Party |work=[[Le Figaro]] |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022105434/https://www.lefigaro.fr/international/matteo-renzi-fausse-compagnie-au-parti-democrate-20190917 |archive-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> within a [[pro-Europeanism]] framework,<ref>{{cite news |last=Meiler |first=Oliver |date=17 September 2019 |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/matteo-renzi-partito-democratico-italien-1.4604700 |title=Der "Eindringling" geht |language=de |trans-title=The "Intruder" Leaves |work=[[Süddeutsche Zeitung]] |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922155310/https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/matteo-renzi-partito-democratico-italien-1.4604700 |archive-date=22 September 2019}}</ref> especially as represented by the French President [[Emmanuel Macron]]'s [[La République En Marche!]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2019/10/20/leopolda-10-renzi-non-tartassare-partite-iva-noi-come-macron-vogliamo-i-voti-del-pd-centrodestra-e-finito-i-delusi-vengano-da-noi/5524296/ |title=Leopolda 10, Renzi: "Non tartassare partite Iva. Noi come Macron, vogliamo i voti del Pd. Centrodestra finito, delusi FI vengano da noi |trans-title=Leopolda 10, Renzi: "Don't harass VAT numbers. We, like Macron, want the votes of the Democratic Party. Center-right finished, disappointed FI come to us |newspaper=[[Il Fatto Quotidiano]] |language=it |date=20 October 2019 |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020200035/https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2019/10/20/leopolda-10-renzi-non-tartassare-partite-iva-noi-come-macron-vogliamo-i-voti-del-pd-centrodestra-e-finito-i-delusi-vengano-da-noi/5524296/ |archive-date=20 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ilfoglio.it/l-italia-vista-dagli-altri/2019/10/21/news/renzi-vuole-essere-il-nuovo-macron-281922/ |title=Renzi vuole essere il nuovo Macron |trans-title=Renzi wants to be the new Macron |newspaper=[[Il Foglio]] |language=it |date=21 October 2019 |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024070553/https://www.ilfoglio.it/l-italia-vista-dagli-altri/2019/10/21/news/renzi-vuole-essere-il-nuovo-macron-281922/ |archive-date=24 October 2019}}</ref><br />
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=== United Kingdom ===<br />
{{see also|New Labour}}<br />
In 1939, [[Harold Macmillan]] wrote a book entitled ''The Middle Way'', advocating a compromise between [[capitalism]] and [[socialism]] which was a precursor to the contemporary notion of the Third Way.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.samuelbrittan.co.uk/spee3_p.html |title=Some reflections on the third way |last=Brittan |first=Samuel |date=20 November 1998 |access-date=10 March 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719021726/http://www.samuelbrittan.co.uk/spee3_p.html |archive-date=19 July 2011}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 1979, the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] professed a complete adherence to [[social democratic]] ideals and rejected the choice between a "prosperous and efficient Britain" and a "caring and compassionate Britain".<ref name="1979Manifesto">{{cite web |url=http://www.labour-party.org.uk/manifestos/1979/1979-labour-manifesto.shtml |title=1979 Labour Party Manifesto |publisher=[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709085522/http://www.labour-party.org.uk/manifestos/1979/1979-labour-manifesto.shtml |archive-date=9 July 2011}}</ref> Coherent with this position, the main commitment of the party was the reduction of [[economic inequality]] via the introduction of a [[wealth tax]].<ref name="1979Manifesto" /> This was rejected in the 1997 manifesto,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.labour-party.org.uk/manifestos/1997/1997-labour-manifesto.shtml |title=1997 Labour Party Manifesto |publisher=[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070216160938/http://www.labour-party.org.uk/manifestos/1997/1997-labour-manifesto.shtml |archive-date=16 February 2007}}</ref> along with many changes in the 1990s like the progressive dismissal of traditional social democratic ideology and the transformation into [[New Labour]], de-emphasising the need to tackle economic inequality and focusing instead on the expansion of opportunities for all whilst fostering [[social capital]].<ref name="psw.sagepub.com">{{cite journal |last1=Ferragina |first1=Emanuele |last2=Arrigoni |first2=Alessandro |date=2016 |url=http://psw.sagepub.com/content/early/2016/04/06/1478929915623968.abstract |title=The Rise and Fall of Social Capital: Requiem for a Theory? |journal=[[Political Studies Review]] |volume=15 |number=3 |pages=355–367 |doi=10.1177/1478929915623968 |s2cid=156138810 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029131536/http://psw.sagepub.com/content/early/2016/04/06/1478929915623968.abstract |archive-date=29 October 2016|url-access=subscription }}</ref><br />
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Former Prime Minister [[Tony Blair]] is cited as a Third Way politician.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/may/08/leaders.labour |title=Leader: Blair's new third way |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=8 May 2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716002943/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/may/08/leaders.labour |archive-date=16 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="bbc07"/> According to a former member of Blair's staff, Blair and the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] learnt from and owes a debt to [[Bob Hawke]]'s government in Australia in the 1980s on how to govern as a Third Way party.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/how-the-british-came-saw-and-helped-rudd/2007/12/16/1197740090746.html?page=2 |title=How the British came, saw and helped Rudd |work=[[The Age]] |date=17 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218162635/http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/how-the-british-came-saw-and-helped-rudd/2007/12/16/1197740090746.html?page=2 |archive-date=18 December 2007}}</ref> Blair wrote in a [[Fabian Society|Fabian]] pamphlet in 1994 of the existence of two prominent variants of socialism, namely one based on a [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] economic determinist and collectivist tradition and the other being an [[ethical socialism]] based on values of "social justice, the equal worth of each citizen, equality of opportunity, community".<ref name="Stephen D. Tansey 2008. Pp. 97">{{cite book |first1=Stephen D. |last1=Tansey |first2=Nigel A. |last2=Jackson |title=Politics: the basics |edition=Fourth |location=Oxon, England, UK; New York City, USA |publisher=[[Routledge]] |date=2008 |page=97}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Blair |first=Tony |date=1994 |title=Socialism |url=https://digital.library.lse.ac.uk/Documents/Detail/socialism-1994/119717 |journal=Fabian Pamphlet |publisher=[[Fabian Society]] |volume=565 }}</ref> Blair is a particular follower of the ideas and writings of Giddens.<ref name="bbc07" /><br />
<br />
In 1998, Blair, then [[Leader of the Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party Leader]] and [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]], described the Third Way, how it relates to social democracy and its relation with both the [[Old Left]] and the [[New Right]], as follows:<br />
{{blockquote|The Third Way stands for a modernised social democracy, passionate in its commitment to social justice and the goals of the centre-left. ... But it is a third way because it moves decisively beyond an Old Left preoccupied by state control, high taxation and producer interests; and a New Right treating public investment, and often the very notions of "society" and collective endeavour, as evils to be undone.{{sfn|Romano|2006}}}}<br />
<br />
In 2002, Anthony Giddens listed problems facing the New Labour government, naming [[Spin (public relations)|spin]] as the biggest failure because its damage to the party's image was difficult to rebound from. He also challenged the failure of the [[Millennium Dome]] project and Labour's inability to deal with irresponsible businesses. Giddens saw Labour's ability to marginalise the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] as a success as well its economic policy, welfare reform and certain aspects of education. Giddens criticised what he called Labour's "half-way houses", including the [[National Health Service]] and environmental and constitutional reform.<ref name="Grice">{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/architect-of-third-way-attacks-new-labours-policy-failures-9269156.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/architect-of-third-way-attacks-new-labours-policy-failures-9269156.html |archive-date=7 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Architect of 'Third Way' attacks New Labour's policy 'failures' |last=Grice |first=Andrew |date=7 January 2002 |work=[[The Independent]] |access-date=13 June 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 2008, [[Charles Clarke]], a former United Kingdom [[Home Secretary]] and the first senior [[Blairite]] to criticise Prime Minister [[Gordon Brown]] openly and in print, stated: "We should discard the techniques of '[[Triangulation (politics)|triangulation]]' and 'dividing lines' with the Conservatives, which lead to the not entirely unjustified charge that we simply follow proposals from the Conservatives or the right-wing media, to minimise differences and remove lines of attack against us".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theage.com.au/text/articles/2008/05/07/1210131068738.html |title=Most Britons want Brown to go: poll |last=Totaro |first=Paola |work=[[The Age]] |date=8 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514043042/http://www.theage.com.au/text/articles/2008/05/07/1210131068738.html |archive-date=14 May 2008 |access-date=8 May 2008}}</ref><br />
<br />
Brown was succeeded by [[Ed Miliband]]'s [[One Nation Labour]] in [[2010 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|2010]] and self-described democratic socialist [[Jeremy Corbyn]] in [[2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|2015]] as the [[Leader of the Labour Party (UK)|Leader of the Labour Party]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theweek.co.uk/labour-leader/64564/jeremy-corbyn-what-will-be-his-policies |title=Jeremy Corbyn's policies: how will he lead Labour? |date=12 September 2015 |work=[[The Week]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913214655/http://www.theweek.co.uk/labour-leader/64564/jeremy-corbyn-what-will-be-his-policies |archive-date=13 September 2015}}</ref> This led some to comment that New Labour is "dead and buried".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jun/13/new-labour-dead-jeremy-corbyn-shadow-cabinet-socialist-labour |title=New Labour is dead. Jeremy Corbyn's shadow cabinet must stay as it is |last=Jones |first=Owen |author-link=Owen Jones |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=13 June 2017 |access-date=8 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706025654/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jun/13/new-labour-dead-jeremy-corbyn-shadow-cabinet-socialist-labour |archive-date=6 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/08/jeremy-corbyn-labour-britain/401492/ |title=How a Socialist Prime Minister Might Govern Britain |last=Calamur |first=Krishnadev |newspaper=[[The Atlantic]] |date=18 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419015445/http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/08/jeremy-corbyn-labour-britain/401492/ |archive-date=19 April 2016 |access-date=8 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2015/09/12/death-new-labour-jeremy-corbyns-socialist-party-begins-period/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2015/09/12/death-new-labour-jeremy-corbyns-socialist-party-begins-period/ |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Death of New Labour as Jeremy Corbyn's socialist party begins a period of civil war |last1=Ross |first1=Tim |last2=Dominiczak |first2=Peter |last3=Riley-Smith |first3=Ben |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=30 March 2018 |access-date=8 February 2020}}{{cbignore}}</ref> [[Keir Starmer]], now the Prime Minister, succeeded Corbyn in [[2020 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|2020]], and has since reverted on his initial more left-wing pledges, in favour of [[centrist]] policies more associated with [[New Labour]].<br />
<br />
The Third Way as practised under New Labour has been criticised as being effectively a new, [[centre-right]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/uk_politics/2000/labour_centenary/651231.stm |title=Sacrifices in the scramble for power |work=[[BBC News]] |date=22 February 2000 |quote=Some even go so far as to say New Labour is a betrayal of everything the party's founders stood for and that, to all intents and purposes, is a different party merely using the same name. They often claim it represents Margaret Thatcher's greatest victory in wiping socialism off the British political map. Under New Labour, the demand for "the common ownership of the means of production" has been dumped and the free market warmly embraced. Trade unions, who helped found the party, are now held at arms length. ... Instead, New Labour looks determined to remain firmly in the centre of British politics - even though the centre moved decidedly to the right during the Thatcher years. |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731002047/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/uk_politics/2000/labour_centenary/651231.stm |archive-date=31 July 2013}}</ref> and [[neoliberal]] party.<ref name="Cammack" /> Some such as Glen O'Hara have argued that while containing "elements that we could term neoliberal", New Labour was more [[left-leaning]] than it is given credit for.<ref>{{cite news |last=O'Nara |first=Glen |date=20 November 2018 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/nov/20/new-labour-neoliberal-left-tony-blair |title=New Labour was far more leftwing than it is given credit for |work=[[The Guardian]] |quote=A great deal of what Tony Blair did in power was not neoliberal at all, or had neoliberal elements but was aimed in a quite different direction, or was better thought of as social democratic or even socialist. ... The creation of a national minimum wage and a tax credits system benefitting the low paid halted the remorseless march of inequality that had so scarred Britain in the 1980s. ... No government that rebuilt the public sphere, radically improved the state healthcare system, improved maintained schools and took on homelessness can possibly be painted only in those terms. |access-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123014250/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/nov/20/new-labour-neoliberal-left-tony-blair |archive-date=23 November 2018}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== United States ===<br />
{{Liberalism US|schools}}<br />
{{see also|Third Way in the United States|New Democrats (United States)|Rockefeller Republican|Third Way (United States)}}<br />
In the United States, Third Way adherents historically embraced [[fiscal conservatism]] to a greater extent than traditional economic liberals, advocated for some replacement of [[welfare (financial aid)|welfare]] with [[workfare]], and sometimes held a stronger preference for market solutions to traditional problems (as in [[pollution market]]s) while rejecting pure ''[[laissez-faire]]'' economics and other [[Libertarianism in the United States|libertarian]] positions. The Third Way style of governing was firmly adopted and partly redefined during the [[Clinton Administration|administration]] of [[President of the United States|President]] [[Bill Clinton]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The Survivor: Bill Clinton in the White House |first=John F. |last=Harris |publisher=[[Random House]] |date=2005}}</ref><br />
<br />
As a term, it was introduced by political scientist [[Stephen Skowronek]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Skowronek |first=Stephen |date=1993 |title=The Politics Presidents Make |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=0-674-68937-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Valelly |first=Rick |date=31 October 2013 |url=http://www.unm.edu/~pre/law/articles_advise/PolSci_Overlooked.htm |title=An Overlooked Theory on Presidential Politics |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225221559/http://www.unm.edu/~pre/law/articles_advise/PolSci_Overlooked.htm |archive-date=25 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Shea |first=Christopher |date=23 November 2003 |url=https://archive.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2003/11/23/regime_change/ |title=Regime change |work=[[The Boston Globe]] |access-date=15 February 2020}}</ref> Third Way presidents "undermine the opposition by borrowing policies from it in an effort to seize the middle and with it to achieve political dominance". Examples of this are [[Richard Nixon]]'s economic policies, which were a continuation of [[Lyndon B. Johnson]]'s [[Great Society]], as well as Clinton's [[Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act|welfare reform]] later.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Federal Deficit Mess |first=Richard |last=Posner |author-link=Richard Posner |url=http://www.becker-posner-blog.com/2011/07/the-federal-deficit-messposner.html |work=The Becker-Posner Blog |date=17 July 2011 |quote=Obama resembles such Presidents as Nixon and Clinton in the following respect. They are what the political scientist Stephen Skowronek calls practitioners of "third way" politics (Tony Blair was another), who undermine the opposition by borrowing policies from it in an effort to seize the middle and with it to achieve political dominance. Think of Nixon's economic policies, which were a continuation of Johnson's "Great Society"; Clinton's welfare reform and support of capital punishment; and Obama's pragmatic centrism, reflected in his embrace, albeit very recent, of entitlements reform. |access-date=22 July 2011}}</ref> [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] also was a supporter of a "middle way".<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/dissertations/AAI9952203/|title=Pursuing the "middle way": Eisenhower Republicanism, 1952--1964|first=Steven Thomas|last=Wagner|date=1 January 1999|journal=Theses and Dissertations Available from ProQuest|pages=1–282}}</ref><br />
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[[File:Bill Clinton with Professor Anthony Giddens (Joint Chair), 2001.jpg|thumb|left|[[Anthony Giddens]] and President Clinton, two Third Way proponents]]<br />
<br />
Along with Blair, Prodi, [[Gerhard Schröder]] and other leading Third Way adherents, Clinton organised conferences to promote the Third Way philosophy in 1997 at [[Chequers]] in England.<ref>{{cite book |last=Blumenthal |first=Sidney |date=2003 |title=The Clinton Wars: An Insider's Account of the White House Years |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-0141006963}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/771608.stm |title='Third Way' gets world hearing |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030402175654/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/771608.stm |archive-date=2 April 2003}}</ref> The [[Third Way (United States)|Third Way]] think tank and the [[Democratic Leadership Council]] are adherents of Third Way politics.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ndol.org/ndol_ci.cfm?kaid=128&subid=187&contentid=895 |title=About The Third Way |website=New Democrats Online |archive-url=https://archive.today/20010628014808/http://www.ndol.org/ndol_ci.cfm?kaid=128&subid=187&contentid=895 |archive-date=28 June 2001}}</ref><br />
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In 2013, American lawyer and former bank regulator [[William K. Black]] criticised then-extant Third Way movements: "Third Way is this group that pretends sometimes to be centre-left but is actually completely a creation of [[Wall Street]] – it's run by Wall Street for Wall Street with this false flag operation as if it were a center-left group. It's nothing of the sort".<ref name="Bill-Black-TRNN-2013-03-31" /><ref name="Bill-Black-HuffPo-2013-01-10" /><ref name="Bill-Black-AlterNet-2013-03-03" /><br />
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=== Other countries ===<br />
[[File:Wim Kok 1994.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Wim Kok]], who led two [[Purple (government)|purple coalitions]] as [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands]] from 1994 to 2002]]<br />
Many leaders throughout the world have adopted aspects of Third Way politics. Many concepts of Third Way ideology are also often incorporated in [[Third Position]] ideology. Given the nebulous definition of the ideology, it is often difficult to identify leaders who support Third Way policies.{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}<br />
<br />
==Recent developments==<br />
By the 2010s, social democratic parties that accepted Third Way politics such as [[Triangulation (politics)|triangulation]] and the [[neoliberal]]<ref name="Lavelle 2005" /><ref name="Humphrys 2018" /> shift in policies such as [[austerity]], [[deregulation]], [[free trade]], [[privatisation]] and [[welfare reform]]s such as [[workfare]] experienced a drastic decline<ref>{{harvnb|Guinan|2013|pp=44–60}}; {{harvnb|Karnitschnig|2018}}; {{harvnb|Buck|2018}}; {{harvnb|Lawson|2018}}</ref> as the Third Way had largely [[Social democracy#Decline and rejection of the Third Way (2007–present)|fallen out of favour]] in a phenomenon known as [[Pasokification]].<ref name="Barbieri">{{cite news |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/europe/2017-04-25/death-and-life-social-democracy |title=The Death and Life of Social Democracy |last=Barbieri |first=Pierpaolo |work=[[Foreign Affairs]] |date=25 April 2017 |access-date=15 November 2019}}</ref> Scholars have linked the decline of social democratic parties to the declining number of industrial workers, greater economic prosperity of voters and a tendency for these parties to shift closer to the [[centre-right]] on economic issues, alienating their former base of supporters and voters. This decline has been matched by increased support for more [[left-wing]] and [[Left-wing populism|populist]] parties as well as [[Far-left politics#Radical left parties|Left]] and [[Green party|Green]] [[social-democratic]] parties that rejected neoliberal and Third Way policies.<ref>{{harvnb|Allen|2009|pp=635–653}}; {{harvnb|Benedetto|Hix|Mastrorocco|2019}}; {{harvnb|Loxbo|Hinnfors|Hagevi|Blombäck|Demker|2019|pp=430–441}}; {{harvnb|Berman|Snegovaya|2019|pp=5–19}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Democratic socialism]] has emerged in opposition to Third Way social democracy<ref name="Whyman 2005" /> on the basis that democratic socialists are committed to systemic transformation of the economy from capitalism to socialism whereas social-democratic supporters of the Third Way were more concerned about challenging the [[New Right]] and win social democracy back to power. This has resulted in analysts and critics alike arguing that in effect it endorsed capitalism, even if it was due to recognising that outspoken [[opposition to capitalism]] in these circumstances was politically nonviable; and that it was anti-social democratic in practice.<ref name="Collection 1"/> Others saw it as theoretically fitting with modern socialism, especially [[liberal socialism]], distinguishing it from both classical socialism and traditional democratic socialism or social democracy.<ref>{{cite book |last=Adams |first=Ian |date=1999 |title=Ideology and Politics in Britain Today |chapter=Social democracy to New Labour |publisher=[[Manchester University Press]] |page=127 |isbn=978-0-719-05056-5}}</ref><br />
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Third Way economic policies began to be challenged following the [[Great Recession]], and the rise of [[right-wing populism]] has put the ideology into question.<ref name="Barbieri" /> Many on the left have become more vocal in opposition to the Third Way, with the most prominent example in the United Kingdom being the rise of self-identified democratic socialist [[Labour Party leadership of Jeremy Corbyn|former Labour Party Leader]] [[Jeremy Corbyn]] as well as [[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]] and [[Bernie Sanders]] in the United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Huges |first=Laura |date=24 February 2016 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/tony-blair/12171297/Tony-Blair-admits-he-cant-understand-the-popularity-of-Jeremy-Corbyn-and-Bernie-Sanders.html |title=Tony Blair admits he can't understand the popularity of Jeremy Corbyn and Bernie Sanders |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=14 May 2019 |quote=In a joint ''Guardian'' and ''Financial Times'' interview, Mr Blair said he believed some of Mr Sanders' and Mr Corbyn's success was due to the "loss of faith in that strong, centrist progressive position", which defined his own career. He said: "One of the strangest things about politics at the moment – and I really mean it when I say I'm not sure I fully understand politics right now, which is an odd thing to say, having spent my life in it – is when you put the question of electability as a factor in your decision to nominate a leader, it's how small the numbers are that this is the decisive factor. That sounds curious to me." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427123608/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/tony-blair/12171297/Tony-Blair-admits-he-cant-understand-the-popularity-of-Jeremy-Corbyn-and-Bernie-Sanders.html |archive-date=27 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Tarnoff |first=Ben |date=12 July 2017 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/jul/12/social-media-socialism-jeremy-corbyn-bernie-sanders |title=How social media saved socialism |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=14 May 2019 |quote=Socialism is stubborn. After decades of dormancy verging on death, it is rising again in the west. In the UK, Jeremy Corbyn just led the Labour party to its largest increase in vote share since 1945 on the strength of its most radical manifesto in decades. In France, the leftist Jean-Luc Melenchon recently came within two percentage points of breaking into the second round of the presidential election. And in the US, the country's most famous socialist – Bernie Sanders – is now its most popular politician. ... For the resurgent left, an essential spark is social media. In fact, it's one of the most crucial and least understood catalysts of contemporary socialism. Since the networked uprisings of 2011 – the year of the Arab spring, Occupy Wall Street and the Spanish indignados – we've seen how social media can rapidly bring masses of people into the streets. But social media isn't just a tool for mobilizing people. It's also a tool for politicizing them. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713021900/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/jul/12/social-media-socialism-jeremy-corbyn-bernie-sanders |archive-date=13 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/democratic-socialism-hits-heartland-ocasio-cortez-sanders-campaign-deep-red-n893076 |title=Democratic socialism hits the heartland: Ocasio-Cortez, Sanders to campaign in deep-red Kansas |work=[[NBC News]] |date=20 July 2018 |access-date=14 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720230913/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/democratic-socialism-hits-heartland-ocasio-cortez-sanders-campaign-deep-red-n893076 |archive-date=20 July 2018}}</ref><br />
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== Criticism ==<br />
The Third Way has been criticised as being a vague ideology with no specific commitments:<br />
<blockquote>The Third Way is no more than a crude attempt to construct a bogus coalition between the haves and the haves not: Bogus because it entices the haves by assuring them that the economy will be sound and their interests would not be threatened, while promising the have-nots a world free from poverty and injustice. Based on opportunism, it has no ideological commitment at all.{{sfn|Arora|2010|pp=9, 22}}</blockquote><br />
<br />
After the dismantling of his country's [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] government, Czechoslovakia's conservative finance minister [[Václav Klaus]] declared in 1990: "We want a market economy without any adjectives. Any compromises with that will only fuzzy up the problems we have. To pursue a so-called 'third way' [between central planning and the market economy] is foolish. We had our experience with this in the 1960s when we looked for a [[socialism with a human face]]. It did not work, and we must be explicit that we are not aiming for a more efficient version of a system that has failed. The market is indivisible; it cannot be an instrument in the hands of central planners".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.reason.com/news/show/34729.html |title=No Third Way Out: Creating A Capitalist Czechoslovakia |work=Reason |date=June 1990 |access-date=22 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080213035739/http://www.reason.com/news/show/34729.html |archive-date=13 February 2008}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Left-wing]] opponents of the Third Way argue that it represents social democrats who responded to the [[New Right]] by accepting [[capitalism]]. The Third Way most commonly uses [[Market mechanism|market mechanics]] and [[private ownership]] of the [[means of production]] and in that sense it is fundamentally capitalist.{{sfn|Romano|2006|p=5}} In addition to opponents who have noticed this, other reviews have claimed that Third Way social democrats adjusted to the political climate since the 1980s that favoured capitalism by recognising that outspoken [[opposition to capitalism]] in these circumstances was politically nonviable and that accepting capitalism as the current [[status quo]] and seeking to administer it to challenge ''laissez-faire'' liberals was a more pressing immediate concern.{{sfn|Romano|2006|p=113}} With the rise of neoliberalism in the late 1970s and early 1980s and the Third Way between the 1990s and 2000s, social democracy became synonymous with it.<ref name="Whyman 2005" />{{sfn|Lewis|Surender|2004}} As a result, the section of social democracy that remained committed to the gradual abolition of capitalism and opposed the Third Way merged into democratic socialism.<ref>{{cite book |last=Busky |first=Donald F. |year=2000 |title=Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey |publisher=Praeger |pages=7–8 |isbn=978-0275968861 |quote=Democratic socialism is the wing of the socialist movement that combines a belief in a socially owned economy with that of political democracy.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Anderson |editor1-first=Gary L. |editor2-last=Herr |editor2-first=Kathryn G. |date=2007 |title=Encyclopedia of Activism and Social Justice |publisher=[[SAGE Publications]] |page=448 |isbn=978-1412918121 |quote=Some have endorsed the concept of market socialism, a post-capitalist economy that retains market competition but socialises the means of production, and in some versions, extends democracy to the workplace. Some holdout for a non-market, participatory economy. All democratic socialists agree on the need for a democratic alternative to capitalism.}}</ref> Many social democrats opposed to the Third Way overlap with democratic socialists in their committiment to an alternative to capitalism and a post-capitalist economy and have not only criticised the Third Way as anti-socialist<ref name="Cammack">{{cite book |last=Cammack |first=Paul |date=2004 |chapter=Giddens's Way with Words |editor1-last=Hale |editor1-first=Sarah |editor2-last=Leggett |editor2-first=Will |editor3-last=Martell |editor3-first=Luke |title=The Third Way and Beyond: Criticisms, Futures and Alternatives |publisher=[[Manchester University Press]] |isbn=978-0-7190-6598-9}}</ref> and neoliberal,<ref name="Collection 1"/> but also as anti-social-democratic in practice.<ref name="Cammack" /><br />
<br />
[[Democratic socialists|Democratic]] and [[Market socialism|market socialists]] argue that the major reason for the economic shortcomings of [[command economies]] was their authoritarian nature rather than socialism itself, that it was a failure of a specific model and that therefore socialists should support democratic models rather than abandon it. Economists [[Pranab Bardhan]] and [[John Roemer]] argue that [[Soviet-type economic planning|Soviet-type economies]] and [[Marxist–Leninist state]]s failed because they did not create rules and operational criteria for the efficient operation of state enterprises in their administrative, command allocation of resources and commodities and the lack of democracy in the political systems that the Soviet-type economies were combined with. According to them, a form of competitive socialism that rejects dictatorship and authoritarian allocation in favour of democracy could work and prove superior to the [[market economy]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First |last1=Gregory |first1=Paul |last2=Stuart |first2=Robert |publisher=[[South-Western College]] Pub |year=2003 |isbn=0-618-26181-8 |page=152}}</ref><br />
<br />
Although close to [[New Labour]] and a key figure in the development of the Third Way, sociologist Anthony Giddens dissociated himself from many of the interpretations of the Third Way made in the sphere of day-to-day politics.<ref name="Grice" /> For him, it was not a succumbing to [[neoliberalism]] or the dominance of capitalist [[Market (economics)|markets]].{{sfn|Giddens|2000|p=32}} The point was to get beyond both [[market fundamentalism]] and [[top-down socialism]] – to make the values of the [[centre-left]] count in a [[Economic globalisation|globalising world]]. He argued that "the [[Financial regulation|regulation]] of [[financial market]]s is the single most pressing issue in the [[world economy]]" and that "global commitment to [[free trade]] depends upon effective [[Regulatory economics|regulation]] rather than dispenses with the need for it".{{sfn|Giddens|1998|pp=148–149}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
{{Portal|Liberalism|Politics|Socialism}}<br />
{{cols|colwidth=16em}}<br />
* [[Big Society]]<br />
* [[Communitarianism]]<br />
* [[Golden mean (philosophy)]]<br />
* [[Lulism]]<br />
* [[Moderate]]<br />
* [[Neoliberalism]]<br />
* [[New Labour]]<br />
* [[Pasokification]]<br />
* [[Social corporatism]]<br />
* [[Social conservatism]]<br />
* [[Syncretic politics]]<br />
* [[Third force (1996 Russian presidential election)]]<br />
* [[Third Position]]<br />
* [[Triangulation (politics)]]<br />
* [[Tripartism]]<br />
* ''[[Varieties of Capitalism]]''<br />
{{colend}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
== Bibliography ==<br />
{{refbegin|30em|indent=y}}<br />
* {{cite web |last1=Alcaro |first1=Riccardo |last2=Le Corre |first2=Philippe |date=25 November 2014 |title=France's and Italy's New 'Tony Blairs': Third Way or No Way? |url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2014/11/25/frances-and-italys-new-tony-blairs-third-way-or-no-way/ |access-date=8 November 2016 |publisher=[[Brookings Institution]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811104434/https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2014/11/25/frances-and-italys-new-tony-blairs-third-way-or-no-way/ |archive-date=11 August 2017}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Allen |first=Christopher S. |date=1 September 2009 |title='Empty Nets': Social Democracy and the 'Catch-All Party Thesis' in Germany and Sweden |journal=[[Party Politics]] |volume=15 |issue=5 |pages=635–653 |doi=10.1177/1354068809336389 |hdl=11858/00-001M-0000-0012-4547-7 |s2cid=144281202 |issn=1354-0688 |hdl-access=free}}<br />
* {{cite news |author=AP |url=https://gmontoya50.wordpress.com/2014/02/04/con-votacion-de-solis-surge-con-fuerza-una-tercera-via-en-costa-rica/ |title=Con votación de Solís: Surge con fuerza una tercera vía en Costa Rica |language=es |trans-title=With Solís voting: a third way emerges strongly in Costa Rica |date=4 February 2014 |access-date=2 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102091229/https://gmontoya50.wordpress.com/2014/02/04/con-votacion-de-solis-surge-con-fuerza-una-tercera-via-en-costa-rica/ |archive-date=2 January 2023}}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Araya |first=Óscar Álvarez |date=8 August 2022 |title=Rodrigo Chaves Robles, presidente de Costa Rica: Análisis de los primeros tres meses de su gobierno |language=es |trans-title=Rodrigo Chaves Robles, president of Costa Rica: Analysis of the first three months of his government |url=https://www.meer.com/es/70445-rodrigo-chaves-robles-presidente-de-costa-rica |access-date=2 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005074457/https://www.meer.com/es/70445-rodrigo-chaves-robles-presidente-de-costa-rica |archive-date=5 October 2022}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Arora |first1=N. D. |date=2010 |title=Political Science for Civil Services Main Examination |publisher=Tata [[McGraw-Hill]] Education}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Barrientos |first1=Armando |last2=Powell |first2=Martin |date=2004 |chapter=The Route Map of the Third Way |editor1-last=Hale |editor1-first=Sarah |editor2-last=Leggett |editor2-first=Will |editor3-last=Martell |editor3-first=Luke |title=The Third Way and Beyond: Criticisms, Futures and Alternatives |publisher=[[Manchester University Press]] |pages=9–26 |isbn=978-0-7190-6598-9}}<br />
* {{cite web |last1=Benedetto |first1=Giacomo |last2=Hix |first2=Hix |last3=Mastrorocco |first3=Nicola |url=http://personal.lse.ac.uk/hix/Working_Papers/BHM_Rise_and_Fall_of_SD.pdf |title=The Rise and Fall of Social Democracy, 1918–2017 |date=1 July 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019 |archive-date=15 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215134046/http://personal.lse.ac.uk/hix/Working_Papers/BHM_Rise_and_Fall_of_SD.pdf |url-status=dead}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Berman |first1=Sheri |last2=Snegovaya |first2=Maria |url=https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/populism-and-the-decline-of-social-democracy/ |title=Populism and the Decline of Social Democracy |journal=[[Journal of Democracy]] |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=5–19 |date=10 July 2019 |access-date=29 November 2019 |doi=10.1353/jod.2019.0038 |s2cid=199293070|url-access=subscription }}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Blair |first1=Tony |author1-link=Tony Blair |last2=Schröder |first2=Gerhard |author2-link=Gerhard Schröder |title=Europe: The Third Way/Die Neue Mitte |location=Johannesburg |publisher=[[Friedrich Ebert Foundation]], South Africa Office |date=July 1998 |page=10 |edition=2nd |oclc=914829456 |series=Working documents}}<br />
* {{cite news |last1=Bronner |first1=Ethan |last2=Kueffner |first2=Stephan |date=29 May 2019 |title=The Socialist Who Gave Up Julian Assange and Renounced Socialism |agency=[[Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-05-29/ecuador-s-leader-kicked-out-assange-shunned-venezuela-and-embraced-the-u-s }}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Buck |first=Tobias |date=17 October 2018 |url=https://www.ft.com/content/a1f88c3c-d154-11e8-a9f2-7574db66bcd5 |title=How social democracy lost its way: a report from Germany |work=[[Financial Times]] |access-date=29 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027204318/https://www.ft.com/content/a1f88c3c-d154-11e8-a9f2-7574db66bcd5 |archive-date=27 October 2020}}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Collyns |first=Dan |date=10 October 2019 |title=Ecuador paralyzed by national strike as Moreno refuses to step down |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/09/ecuador-strike-lenin-moreno-latest |work=[[The Guardian]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209013933/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/09/ecuador-strike-lenin-moreno-latest |archive-date=9 December 2019}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Corfe |first1=Robert |date=2010 |title=The Future of Politics: With the Demise of the Left/Right Confrontational System |location=Bury St Edmunds, England |publisher=Arena Books |isbn=978-1-906791-46-9}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Demmers |first1=J. |last2=Fernández Jilberto |first2=A. E. |last3=Hogenboom |first3=B. |date=2004 |title=Good Governance in the Era of Global Neoliberalism: Conflict and depolitisation in Latin America, Eastern Europe, Asia and Africa |series=Routledge studies in the modern world economy |volume=47 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |url=https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/19452073/Jolle_Demmers_Alex_E._Fernndez_Jilberto_Barba.pdf |via=[[University of Amsterdam]] |access-date=24 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709142416/https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/19452073/Jolle_Demmers_Alex_E._Fernndez_Jilberto_Barba.pdf |archive-date=9 July 2020}}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Garibaldo |first=Belisario Rodríguez |url=https://tupolitica.com/opinion-panama/%C2%BFque-es-la-izquierda.html/ |title=¿Qué es La Izquierda? |language=es |trans-title=What is The Left? |newspaper=TuPolitica |date=30 November 2008 |access-date=23 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123230747/https://tupolitica.com/opinion-panama/%C2%BFque-es-la-izquierda.html/ |archive-date=23 January 2023}}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Giddens |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Giddens |title=The Third Way: The Renewal of Social Democracy |publisher=[[Polity Press]] |year=1998 |isbn=978-0745622675}}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Giddens |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Giddens |title=The Third Way and its Critics |publisher=[[Polity Press]] |year=2000 |isbn=978-0745624501}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Guinan |first=Joe |year=2013 |jstor=10.5325/goodsociety.22.1.0044 |doi=10.5325/goodsociety.22.1.0044 |title=Returns to Capital |journal=The Good Society |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=44–60}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Hinnfors |first1=Jonas |author1-link=:sv:Jonas Hinnfors |date=2006 |title=Reinterpreting Social Democracy: A History of Stability in the British Labour Party and Swedish Social Democratic Party |series=Critical Labour Movement Studies |publisher=[[Manchester University Press]] |isbn=978-0-7190-7362-5}}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Karnitschnig |first=Matthew |date=2 March 2018 |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/matteo-renzi-martin-schulz-italy-germany-who-killed-european-social-democracy/ |title=Who killed European social democracy? |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=29 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806044223/https://www.politico.eu/article/matteo-renzi-martin-schulz-italy-germany-who-killed-european-social-democracy/ |archive-date=6 August 2019}}<br />
* {{cite news |ref={{harvid|La Nación, 2016}} |title=Oscar Arias y la crisis del reformismo |language=es |trans-title=Oscar Arias and the crisis of reformism |url=https://www.nacion.com/opinion/foros/oscar-arias-y-la-crisis-del-reformismo/T4S3O77ATZCPHMWFULIAMZYGDY/story |access-date=20 March 2022 |agency=[[La Nación (San José)|La Nación]] |date=14 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320102005/https://www.nacion.com/opinion/foros/oscar-arias-y-la-crisis-del-reformismo/T4S3O77ATZCPHMWFULIAMZYGDY/story/ |archive-date=20 March 2022}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Lafontaine |first1=Oskar |author1-link=Oskar Lafontaine |date=2009 |title=Left Parties Everywhere? |series=Socialist Renewal |location=Nottingham, England |publisher=Spokesman Books |isbn=978-0-85124-764-9}}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Lawson |first=Neal |date=20 December 2018 |url=https://www.socialeurope.eu/averting-the-death-of-social-democracy |title=Averting the death of social democracy |work=Social Europe |access-date=29 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305173054/https://www.socialeurope.eu/averting-the-death-of-social-democracy |archive-date=5 March 2020}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Lewis |first1=Jane |author1-link=Jane Lewis (academic) |last2=Surender |first2=Rebecca |date=2004 |title=Welfare State Change: Towards a Third Way? |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=9780191601941 |doi=10.1093/0199266727.001.0001}}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Lioy |first=Alberto |date=September 2020 |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/359918769.pdf |page=160 |title=Electoral Revolutions: A comparative study of rapid changes in voter turnout |access-date=2 January 2022}}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Lohrenz |first=Carolin |date=15 January 2014 |title=Hollande chooses 'third way' on economy |url=http://www.dw.com/en/hollande-chooses-third-way-on-economy/a-17361909 |access-date=7 November 2016 |work=[[Deutsche Welle]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108195825/http://www.dw.com/en/hollande-chooses-third-way-on-economy/a-17361909 |archive-date=8 November 2016}}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Long |first=Gideon |date=29 December 2017 |title=Lenín Moreno unpicks Ecuador's leftwing legacy |url=https://www.ft.com/content/aa2c331a-e265-11e7-97e2-916d4fbac0da |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/aa2c331a-e265-11e7-97e2-916d4fbac0da |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=9 October 2019 |work=[[The Financial Times]]}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Loxbo |first1=Karl |last2=Hinnfors |first2=Jonas |last3=Hagevi |first3=Magnus |last4=Blombäck |first4=Sofie |last5=Demker |first5=Marie |date=9 July 2019 |title=The decline of Western European social democracy: Exploring the transformed link between welfare state generosity and the electoral strength of social democratic parties, 1975–2014 |journal=Party Politics |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=430–441 |doi=10.1177/1354068819861339 |s2cid=199148173 |issn=1354-0688}}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Macmillan |first=Harold |author-link=Harold Macmillan |title=The Middle Way; A Study of the Problem of Economic and Social Progress in A Free and Democratic Society |title-link=The Middle Way (book) |publisher=Macmillan Company |year=1939 |isbn=978-0715813331}}<br />
* {{cite web |last=Milner |first=Susan |date=6 February 2017 |title=Emmanuel Macron and the building of a new liberal-centrist movement |url=http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2017/02/06/emmanuel-macron-liberal-centrist-movement/ |access-date=23 May 2017 |publisher=[[London School of Economics]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520051449/https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2017/02/06/emmanuel-macron-liberal-centrist-movement/ |archive-date=20 May 2017}}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Murillo |first=Álvaro |date=5 July 2017 |url=https://semanariouniversidad.com/bloque1/quien-podra-defender-al-pac/ |title=¿Quién podrá defender al PAC? |language=es |trans-title=Who will be able to defend the PAC? |newspaper=Semanario Universidad |access-date=2 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919082438/https://semanariouniversidad.com/bloque1/quien-podra-defender-al-pac/ |archive-date=19 September 2020}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Romano |first1=Flavio |date=2006 |title=Clinton and Blair: The Political Economy of the Third Way |series=Routledge Frontiers of Political Economy |volume=75 |location=London |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-415-37858-1}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Russell |first=James W. |url=https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/llt/2010-v66-llt66/llt66rv01.pdf |journal=Reviews / Comptes Rendus – Labour / Le Travail |title=Francisco Panizza, Contemporary Latin America: Development and Democracy Beyond the Washington Consensus (London and New York: Zed Books 2009) |date=2010 |volume=66 |publisher=Canadian Committee on Labour History |access-date=24 January 2023 |issn=1911-4842 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630220332/https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/llt/2010-v66-llt66/llt66rv01.pdf |archive-date=30 June 2022}}<br />
* {{cite news |last1=Vega |first1=Glenn Ojeda |last2=Delgado |first2=German Peinado |title=Moreno Is Breaking Ranks with the Correa Administration |url=https://www.fairobserver.com/region/latin_america/lenin-moreno-rafael-correa-ecuador-latin-america-politics-news-10291/ |access-date=9 October 2019 |agency=Fair Observer |date=10 September 2018}}<br />
* {{cite web |last=Yuk |first=Pan Kwan |date=10 July 2007 |title=Return from wilderness for 'DSK' |url=https://www.ft.com/content/e82f0cd2-2f10-11dc-b9b7-0000779fd2ac |access-date=28 March 2023 |work=[[Financial Times]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180603171656/https://www.ft.com/content/e82f0cd2-2f10-11dc-b9b7-0000779fd2ac |archive-date=3 June 2018}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
== Further reading ==<br />
* [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] (1979). [http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/man/lab79.htm ''The Labour Way is the Better Way''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730190133/http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/man/lab79.htm |date=30 July 2013 }}.<br />
* [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] (1997). [https://web.archive.org/web/20101104122057/http://www.labour-party.org.uk/manifestos/1979/1979-labour-manifesto.shtml ''Labour's New Deal for a Lost Generation Labour Party''].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
{{Wiktionary}}<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080305032133/http://www.netnexus.org/library/papers/3way.html "Third Way Debate Summary"]. Nexus.<br />
* {{cite news |last=Aaronovitch |first=David |author-link=David Aaronovitch |title=Why Tony is not a guitar-wielding fascist dictator |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=1 July 2003|url=https://www.theguardian.com/g2/story/0,3604,988388,00.html}}<br />
* {{cite web |last=Harrington |first=Patrick |author-link=Patrick Harrington (activist) |title=The Third Way – an Answer to Blair |publisher=Third Way |url=http://www.thirdway.org/files/articles/blairs.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013082842/http://www.thirdway.org/files/articles/blairs.html |archive-date=13 October 2007}}<br />
* {{cite news |last=Geismer |first=Lily |author-link= |title=How the Third Way Made Neoliberal Politics Seem Inevitable |newspaper=[[The Nation]] |date=13 December 2022 |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/third-way-dlc-bill-clinton-tony-blair-1990s-politics/}}<br />
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[[Category:Third Way| ]]<br />
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[[Category:Syncretic political movements]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zainuddin_Makhdoom_I&diff=546436Zainuddin Makhdoom I2026-03-03T06:39:30Z<p>IBADorris7: creating new details.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Islamic scholar (died 1522)}}<br />
{{Distinguish|Zainuddin Makhdoom II}}<br />
{{Unreliable sources|date=January 2024}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Sheikh Zainuddin Makhdoom bin Sheikh Al Qazi Ali<br />
| honorific_prefix =<br />
| honorific_suffix =<br />
| image =<br />
| alt =<br />
| caption =<br />
| native_name =<br />
| birth_name =<br />
| birth_date =<br />
| birth_place =<br />
| death_date = 1522<br />
| death_place = Ponnani<br />
| monuments =<br />
| other_names =<br />
| siglum =<br />
| citizenship =<br />
| education =<br />
| alma_mater = Al Azhar University, Egypt<br />
| occupation = Islamic scholar, author<br />
| years_active =<br />
| era =<br />
| organization =<br />
| agent =<br />
| known_for = Author of al-Ajwibah al-'ajibah 'an al-as'ilah al-gharibah<br />
| notable_works = Tahrid: Ahlil Iman Ala Jihadi Abdati Sulban<br />
| title = المخدوم الأوّل<br />
| term =<br />
| predecessor =<br />
| successor =<br />
| party =<br />
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| boards =<br />
| spouse =<br />
| partner =<br />
| children =<br />
| parents = Sheikh Ali Ahmed Al Ma’abari (father)<br />
| mother =<br />
| father =<br />
| relatives =<br />
| family =<br />
| burial_place = Ponnani Juma Masjid, Ponnani<br />
| burial_coordinates =<br />
}}<br />
{{islam}}<br />
<br />
'''Sheikh Zainuddin Makhdoom bin Sheikh Al Qazi Ali''' ([[Arabic]]: شيخ زين الدين المخدوم بن الشيخ عبد العزيز المليباري; Zayn al-Dīn ibn ʻAbd al-ʻAzīz Malībārī),<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=http://pustaka.upsi.edu.my:8081/webopac/Record/0000214548|title=al-Ajwibah al-'ajibah 'an al-as'ilah al-gharibah|last=Malibari|first=Zayn al-Din ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz|publisher=Dar Aldeyaa lil-Nahsr wa-al-Tawzi'|year=2012|location=[[Kuwait]]|language=ar}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> was an Islamic scholar and grandfather of [[Zainuddin Makhdoom II]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://twocircles.net/2015jul11/1436612302.html|title=Kerala to pay tributes to Shaikh Zainuddin Makhdoom – TwoCircles.net|last=TwoCircles.net|date=11 July 2015 |language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-18}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Chakravarti |first=Ananya |title=The empire of apostles: religion, accommodatio, and the imagination of empire in early modern Brazil and India |date=2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-948508-6 |edition=1 |location=New Delhi, India |page=28}}</ref> He is the builder of [[Ponnani Juma Masjid]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.keralatourism.org/photo-gallery/ponnani-juma-masjid/1728|title=Ponnani Juma Masjid|website=Kerala Tourism|language=en|access-date=2020-01-18}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
==Books==<br />
<br />
* {{Cite book|title=Tahrid: Ahlil Iman Ala Jihadi Abdati Sulban|last=Makhdoom I|first=Zainuddin|publisher=Other Books|year=2013|isbn=9789380081403|location=[[Kozhikode]]|language=ar|translator-last=Mohammed|translator-first=Dr. K.M.}}<ref name=":0" /><br />
* {{Cite book|url=http://pustaka.upsi.edu.my:8081/webopac/Record/0000214548|title=al-Ajwibah al-'ajibah 'an al-as'ilah al-gharibah|last=Malibari|first=Zayn al-Din ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz|publisher=Dar Aldeyaa lil-Nahsr wa-al-Tawzi'|year=2012|location=[[Kuwait]]|language=ar|access-date=2020-01-19}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Makhdoom]]<br />
* [[Zainuddin Makhdoom II]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[https://archive.today/20121209073215/http://www.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/malayalamContentView.do?contentId=1571159&programId=7940924&channelId=-1073881580&BV_ID=@@@&tabId=9 A brief biography of Zainuddin Makhdoom 2]<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Makhdoom, Zainuddin}}<br />
[[Category:Malayali people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]<br />
[[Category:Islam in India]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:1460s births]]<br />
[[Category:1522 deaths]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lekhapaddhati&diff=462217Lekhapaddhati2026-02-28T18:20:19Z<p>IBADorris7: general update structure for clarity and improved wording</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Collection of Sanskrit documents}}<br />
{{italics title}}<br />
The '''''Lekhapaddhati''''' ({{Translation|''Models of Written Documents''}}), also known as '''''Lekhapañcāśikā''''' (English: ''Models of Fifty Written Documents''), is a collection of [[Sanskrit literature|Sanskrit documents]] written between the 8th and 15th centuries during the [[Chaulukya dynasty|Chaulukya]] rule in [[Gujarat]], India. It was later also composed in [[Prakrit]] and it contained rules for drafting variety of documents like documents related to land grants, treaties between the rulers and rule of administration.<ref>{{cite book|last=Prasad|first=Pushpa|title=Lekhapaddhati: Documents of State and Everyday Life from Ancient and Early Medieval Gujarat, 9th To 15th Centuries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4MMAQAAMAAJ|year=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-568447-6}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
The collection of these documents served as a repository used mainly for administrative purposes by the court officials and for private correspondence. The documents thus give some indication of the various procedures and government interactions adopted by the rulers of Gujarat.<ref name="Green2010">{{cite journal|last1=Green|first1=Nile|title=Pushpa Prasad, Lekhapaddhati. Documents of State and Everyday Life from Ancient and Early Medieval Gujarat: 9th to 15th Centuries. (Aligarh Historians Society Series.) Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. Pp. xv, 245. $49.95.|journal=Speculum|volume=85|issue=4|year=2010|pages=1011–1012|issn=0038-7134|doi=10.1017/S0038713410002484}}</ref> There has been an abundance of historical resources available for three and a half centuries of Chaulukya rule in Gujarat; however, this source is distinctive, as it was written as a guidebook for revenue officers and professional letter writers in the administration.<ref name="Green2010"/><br />
<br />
The ''Lekhapaddhati'' is an extensive glossary to many Sanskrit terms used to denote actions and practices to be undertaken by the administrators and the subjects.<ref name="Tieken"/> The document serves as a comprehensive guide to the historians studying the important role played by Gujarat in medieval India. The text provides models for conducting various activities such as economic, sociological, and administrative aspects to the subjects of the state. One set of the documents articulates various socio-economic activities, including the sale of property, the capture of slaves and duties assigned to them, and standards for trade accounting and inventory management. Similarly, another set of manuscripts deals with administrative matters, such as different types of taxes to be levied, punishment by means of confiscation of lands, and conduct of government officers, where it mentions: "no one should be harassed and troubled and no one should be spoken [harshly] anywhere". The third set of text refers to models relating to correspondence with families, teachers, lovers, and spouses, among others.<ref name="Green2010"/><br />
<br />
===Lekhapaddhati as a source of information on trade and society ===<br />
It provides us information about five department of trade in the contemporary Chaulukya empire. They are "Vyapara Karana", "Velakula Karana", "Jalapatha Karana", "Tanka Shala" and "Mandapika Karana" which corresponds to Department of trade, harbours, waterways, custom and mint. It provides further detail regarding the practice of providing sureties for loans or collateral; as it appears to have become necessary for securing loans in the contemporary period. The failure to repay dues could result in selling of the mortgaged property of the debtor.<ref name="cam"/><br />
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Besides being a source of information on trade, it also provides a glimpse of society under Chaulukya rule. Accordingly, it shows the slavery to be a common feature of the society and people used to sell themselves to evade famine and hunger. It further narrates the story of a girl who wanted to sell herself to evade harassment by the invaders and the hunger. It also provides information on slave trade between [[India]] and west [[Asia]]n countries. The merchant communities of the [[Gujarat]] provided charitable help to sufferers in form of food and clothes, which is well documented in the text.<ref name="cam">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G4eFBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA303|title=The Cambridge World History, Volume 5|editor-first= Merry E. |editor-last= Wiesner-Hanks|editor-link= Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks|editor2-first=Benjamin Z.|editor2-last= Kedar|editor2-link=Benjamin Z. Kedar|first= Himanshu Prabha|last=Ray |author-link= Himanshu Prabha Ray|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year= 2015|isbn=978-0521190749|accessdate=2020-08-17}}</ref><br />
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== Publication history ==<br />
Though the author of the ''Lekhapaddhati'' is unknown, the original Sanskrit documents were first collected and edited in 1925 by Chimanlal D. Dalal and Gajanan K. Shrigondekar. These scholars compiled the volume using four Sanskrit manuscripts, consisting of around 100 leaves with nine to thirteen lines per page, and dating to around the 15th century. Further, Shrigondekar observes, the work in the original documents was written in "mixed Sanskrit" during the same period.<ref name="Pushpa Prasad">{{cite journal |last1=Prasad |first1=Pushpa |title="Lekhapaddhati" Documents and the Chaulukya Inscriptions: A Comprehensive Study |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |date=1998 |volume=59 |pages=1050–1056 |jstor=44147080 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor=Chimanlal Dahyabhai Dalal|others=Gajanan Kushaba Shrigondekar|title=Lekhapddhati |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HFagNAAACAAJ|accessdate=2 June 2020|year=1925|publisher=Central Library|page=Preface}}</ref><br />
<br />
Some commentators have labeled the language as "[[Jain literature|Jaina]] Sanskrit".<ref name="Tieken">{{cite journal |last1=Tieken |first1=Herman |title=Book Review |journal=Indo-Iranian Journal |date=2004 |volume=47 |issue=2 |page=146 |jstor=24663800 }}</ref> Similarly, according to some experts, the imperfect Sanskrit used in the documents provides more information about the vocabulary of old Gujarat and the style of internal administration of contemporary rulers in Gujarat.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Indica by L. D. Barnett - 18. Lekhapaddhati. Edited by … Chimanlal D. Dalal, M.A. With preface, notes and glossary by Gajanan K. Shrigondekar, M.A. (Gaekwad's Oriental Series, No. xix.) 130 pp. Baroda : Central Library, 1925.|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society|volume=58|issue=4|year=2011|page=772|issn=1356-1863|doi=10.1017/S0035869X00056604|s2cid=250346710 }}</ref><br />
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==Other editions==<br />
The guidebook was translated into English and German by Pushpa Prasad and Ingo Strauch, respectively. The translated versions provide additional details for the terms used in the original work by providing appendices indexing various individuals, places, and castes, as well as a dictionary of various vernacular terms used in the original work.<ref name="HeimStrauch2004">{{cite journal|last1=Heim|first1=Steven|last2=Strauch|first2=Ingo|title=Die Lekhapaddhati-Lekhapancasika: Briefe und Urkunden im mittelalterlichen Gujarat; Text, Ubersetzung, Kommentar: Glossar (Sanskrit-Deutsch-Englisch)|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=124|issue=4|year=2004|pages=835|issn=0003-0279|doi=10.2307/4132146|jstor=4132146}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Further reading==<br />
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=HFagNAAACAAJ ''Lekhapaddhati'' 1925 Edition in Sanskrit]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chaulukya dynasty]]<br />
[[Category:Cultural history of Gujarat]]<br />
[[Category:Sanskrit literature]]<br />
[[Category:Medieval Indian literature]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kasu_Brahmananda_Reddy_National_Park&diff=459774Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park2026-02-22T23:59:55Z<p>IBADorris7: cleaned up section further</p>
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<div>{{Short description|National park in Hyderabad, Telangana, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox protected area<br />
| name = Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park<br />
| image = [[File:Kbr_park.jpg|270px]]<br />
| image_size = <br />
| image_alt = <br />
| image_caption = <br />
| map = India Telangana#India<br />
| map_width = <br />
| relief = 1<br />
| mapframe = Yes<br />
| location = [[Jubilee Hills]], [[Hyderabad]], [[Telangana]]<br />
| nearest_city = [[Hyderabad]]<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|17.420635|N|78.41927|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}<br />
| area = <br />
| created = <br />
| operator = <br />
| visitation_num = <br />
| status = <br />
| designation = <br />
| open =<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park''' is a [[national park]] located in [[Jubilee Hills]] and [[Banjara Hills]] in [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]], [[Telangana]], [[India]]. The park has an approximate area of {{convert|390|acre|km2|adj=on}}. The palace complex was given to Prince [[Mukarram Jah]] on his coronation by his father Prince [[Azam Jah]] in 1967. It was declared as a National park by the [[1994 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Andhra Pradesh]] state government after getting approval from the central government in the year 1998. It is located centrally in Jubilee Hills and is described as ''a jungle amidst the concrete jungle''.The Eco sensitive zone was declared on 27 October 2020 by Govt. of India<ref name="ESZ">{{cite web |last1=Govt of India |title=ESZ Notification |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReaddata/2020/222820.pdf |website=www.egazette.nic.in |publisher=Govt. of India |access-date=14 February 2022}}</ref><br />
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The complex has the palace and besides it the other property include Mor (peacock) bungalow on a hillock, Gol Bungalow; stables for elephant, horses and cattle, motor khana that housed a fleet of exquisite vintage cars, a workshop for heavy machinery, petrol pump, several outhouses, two wells and an equal number of water tanks.<ref name="toi_mukarram">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120405212508/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-09/hyderabad/28300849_1_chiran-palace-prince-mukarram-jah-nizam Prince Mukarram to give up Chiran Palace]. The Times of India, 9 July 2010.</ref><br />
<br />
==National park status==<br />
The entire palace complex area was declared as a National park by the [[Andhra Pradesh]] state government after getting permission from the central government in the year 1998. This gave control of the major part of the land to the forest department and the [[Nizam]] was left with the control of only about 11 acres. As time passed the control of the [[Nizam]] was further reduced to the present less than six acres. Further the park was renamed to Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park with only the palace building being referred to as Chiran palace, built in 1940.<ref name="toi_mukarram" /><br />
<br />
In June 2010 the Prince and his representatives reached an agreement with the state government to exchange Chiran Palace and 16 other pieces of his property scattered over the national park with six acres of land on the north-west corner of the park. This land would not be considered the part of the National park and thus will not provide access to forest officials and visitors to the park. All the properties on the land, including the Chiran palace, would be notified as part of the national park and the land to be handed out to the prince was struck out of the park.<ref name="toi_mukarram" /><br />
<br />
This agreement received the approval of The Indian Board of Wildlife, [[Supreme court|Supreme Court]], and the central government.<ref name="toi_mukarram" /><br />
<br />
==The Palace==<br />
The Chiran Palace, unlike the other palaces of the [[Nizam]] like [[Falaknuma]] or [[Chowmahalla]], is a modern facility designed to serve the needs of the prince. It is not a palace in the traditional sense of the term. It is more like a big villa constructed on 6,000 sq meters of land.<ref name="toi_mukarram" /><br />
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The duplex type palace has two cellars where the prince had his billiard room along with a large conference hall. The ground floor contains an armory hall, two guest rooms in addition to his office, a place for visitors, pantry and kitchen etc. The first floor comprises seven bedrooms where the Nizam lived with his wife and children.<ref name="toi_mukarram" /><br />
<br />
==The Park==<br />
{{multiple image<br />
| align = right<br />
| total_width = 220<br />
| direction = vertical<br />
| image1 = KBR Park Peacocks.JPG<br />
| caption1 = Peacock in the park<br />
| image2 = KBR Park hours sign.jpg<br />
| caption2 = Hours sign as of 2013.11.27<br />
}}<br />
The park provides an excellent lung space and environment from the busy city life and rising pollution levels. The park has over 600 species of plant life, 140 species of [[Bird|birds]] and 30 different varieties of [[Butterfly|butterflies]] and reptiles. Some of the animals making their home in the park include: [[pangolin]], [[civet|small Indian civet]], [[peacock]], [[jungle cat]] and [[Porcupine|porcupines]]. There are few water bodies present in the park providing the needed moisture for the plants and quenching the thirst of [[Bird|birds]] and small animals.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hyd.co.in/kbr-national-park |title = KBR National Park}}</ref><br />
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The park is frequented in the evenings and weekends by young and old alike.<br />
<br />
In a letter to the Chief Minister of Telangana state Himayat Ali Mirza, the great-grandson of the Nizam VII, stated that the way his uncle Prince Mukarram Jah’s property known as Chiran palace was converted into KBR park, Nizam’s other lands ranging over thousands of acres seized under the ULC Act, 1976 should be converted into green parks and spaces for the general public.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Convert Nizam's lands into parks, royal kin urges Telangana CM |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2021/jul/09/convert-nizams-lands-into-parks-royalkin-urges-telangana-cm-2327491.html |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=V. Rishi |title=Nizam scion requests govt to convert lands seized under ULC into green spaces |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/nizam-scion-requests-govt-to-convert-lands-seized-under-ulc-into-green-spaces/article35236395.ece |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=www.thehindubusinessline.com |date=9 July 2021 |language=en}}</ref><br />
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== Transport ==<br />
One can commute to KBR Park through nearest [[Metro station]] at [[Jubilee Hills Check Post metro station|Jubilee Hills Check Post]]<ref>{{cite news |date=17 May 2019 |title=Hyderabad: Metro station at Jubilee Hills will be thrown open for passengers from Saturday |newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/hyderabad-metro-station-at-jubilee-hills-will-be-thrown-open-for-passengers-from-saturday/articleshow/69376533.cms}}</ref> or nearest MMTS station which is at Begumpet. Annapurna Studios, Park Hyatt and LV Prasad Eye Hospital are some of the closest landmarks.<br />
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==See also==<br />
*[[Nizam Palace (Kolkata)]]<br />
*[[Chowmahalla Palace]]<br />
*[[Falaknuma Palace]]<br />
* {{portal-inline|Hyderabad}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{commons category|Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park}}<br />
* https://web.archive.org/web/20100418204835/http://forest.ap.nic.in/WL%20KBRP.htm<br />
* http://kbrnp.com/<br />
* https://www.telanganatourism.gov.in/partials/destinations/wildlife/hyderabad/kbr-national-park.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112042032/https://www.telanganatourism.gov.in/partials/destinations/wildlife/hyderabad/kbr-national-park.html |date=12 January 2022 }}<br />
<br />
{{Hyderabad topics}}<br />
{{National Parks of India}}<br />
{{Protected areas in Telangana}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Palaces of Nizams of Hyderabad|Palaces of Nizams of Hyderabad]]<br />
[[Category:Parks in Hyderabad, India]]<br />
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Hyderabad, India]]<br />
[[Category:National parks in Telangana]]<br />
[[Category:1998 establishments in Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1998]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=R._Sankar&diff=446395R. Sankar2026-02-06T06:13:46Z<p>IBADorris7: clean up</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Chief minister of Kerala, India (1909–1972)}}<br />
{{More citations needed|date=June 2022}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}<br />
<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = R. Sankar<br />
| image = R. Sankar, Indian politician.jpg<br />
| image_size = <br />
| caption = <br />
| order = 3rd<br />
| office = Chief Minister of Kerala<br />
| term_start = {{Start date|1962|09|26|df=yes}}<br />
| term_end = {{End date|1964|09|10|df=yes}}<br />
| predecessor = [[Pattom A. Thanu Pillai]]<br />
| successor = [[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]<br />
| office1 = 1st [[List of deputy chief ministers of Kerala|Deputy Chief Minister of Kerala]]<br />
| 1blankname1 = Chief Minister<br />
| 1namedata1 = [[Pattom Thanu Pillai]]<br />
| term_start1 = {{Start date|1960|02|22|df=yes}}<br />
| term_end1 = {{End date|1962|09|26|df=yes}}<br />
| predecessor1 = ''Office Established''<br />
| successor1 = [[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] {{small|(1981)}}<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1909|04|30}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Kollam district|Kuzhikkalidavaka]], [[Travancore|Kingdom of Travancore]], [[British India]]<br>(present-day [[Kerala]], [[India]])<br />
| nationality = [[Indian people|Indian]]<br />
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1972|11|06|1909|04|30}}<br />
| death_place = [[Kollam]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]<br />
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br />
| spouse = Lakshmikuttyamma<br />
| parents = {{Unbulleted_list|Raman Panicker |Kunchaliamma}}<br />
| children = 2<br />
| data1 = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Indian name|Sankar|Raman}}'''Raman Sankar''' (30 April 1909 – 7 November 1972) was an Indian politician, statesman, [[Administrator of the Government|administrator]], [[orator]], educationist, writer and editor who served as the 3rd [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] from 1962 to 1964.<br />
<br />
== Personal life ==<br />
<br />
He was born to Raman Panicker and Kunchaliamma on 30 April 1909 in Kuzhikkalidavaka village in [[Puthoor]], [[Kollam district]]. He did his formal education in the Puthoor Primary School and later continued in an English School in Kottarakkara. In 1924 he joined [[Thiruvananthapuram University College|Maharajas College]] and graduated with a degree in [[Chemistry]] and did law from [[Government Law College, Thiruvananthapuram]] in 1933. <br />
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He had four siblings and was married to Lekshmikutti Amma and had two children Mohan Sankar and a daughter.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-12-15 |title=Former Kerala CM Sankar’s family to keep away from PM event |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/Former-Kerala-CM-Sankar%E2%80%99s-family-to-keep-away-from-PM-event/article60272003.ece |access-date=2026-02-06 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=T. N. M. |date=2015-12-15 |title=R Shankar’s family pained at alleged saffronisation of his legacy |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/r-shankar-s-family-pained-alleged-saffronisation-his-legacy-36813 |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-12-15 |title=Mohan Sankar contests Modi’s claim |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/mohan-sankar-contests-modis-claim/article7994511.ece |access-date=2026-02-06 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
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Sankar died at the age of 63 on 7 November 1972.<ref>{{Cite web |title=കസേരയെക്കാൾ വലിയൊരാൾ; ആർ.ശങ്കർ ഓർമയായിട്ട് ഇന്ന് 50 വർഷം |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/editorial/2022/11/07/r-shankar-death-anniversary-special.html |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=കസേരയെക്കാൾ വലിയൊരാൾ; ആർ.ശങ്കർ ഓർമയായിട്ട് ഇന്ന് 50 വർഷം |language=ml}}</ref><br />
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==Public Life==<br />
He started his professional life as a teacher and then became the [[Principal (school)|principal]] of Sivagiri High School in 1931. During this period he became closely associated with [[Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam]]. In 1932 he became active in political space by being part of ''Nivarthana Agitation'' or ''Abstention movement''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-20 |title=NIVARTHANA AGITATION IN TRAVANCORE {{!}} rjisacjournal.com |url=https://www.rjisacjournal.com/nivarthana-agitation-in-travancore/ |access-date=2026-02-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> In 1936 he started practicing in Kollam Court as an advocate and was drawn to freedom movement and became an active member of the [[Travancore State Congress]] by 1938.<br />
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Later, he took a break from the Congress party and began to work in the SNDP Yogam. During his long association with the SNDP Yogam of over 13 years, he served as its General Secretary for over a span of 10 years and President and Chief of the [[SN Trust]]. In 1944 he became the general secretary of [[Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam|SNDP]]. Under his leadership the SNDP Yogam gave emphasis to the field of education and started many educational institutions. In the year 1952 he established [[SN Trust]] to manage educational institutions across the state. SNDP Yogam celebrated its Golden Jubilee year while Sankar was the General Secretary in 1953. As part of a year-long celebration he organised an Exhibition in Kollam which is marked in the history of the State as 'SNDP Kanaka Jubilee'. In 1957 he quit as general secretary and became associated with [[SN Trust]].<br />
<br />
Sankar returned to the Congress and was elected to the [[Travancore-Cochin]] State Assembly in 1948 and stayed as a member of the State Assembly from 1949 to 1952. Sankar was a member of the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]] and also member of the Franchise and Delimitation Commission and the Reforms Committee constituted after the introduction of the Responsible Government. In this period he lost two elections to [[1952 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly election]] from Kottarakkara and [[1954 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly election]] from Kollam. In 1949 Sankar along with [[Mannathu Padmanabha Pillai]] was outsted from Congress briefly and they attempted creating a Ezhava Nair unified platform named ''Hindu Maha Mandalam''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=John |first=P. John |date=1977 |title=Challenge of Religious Pressure Groups to the Indian Political System - a Study with Reference to Kerala |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41854774 |journal=The Indian Journal of Political Science |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=54–63 |issn=0019-5510}}</ref><br />
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Thereafter he led the Congress party as [[Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee]] (KPCC) President during the ''[[Vimochana Samaram]]'' (Liberation Struggle) in 1959.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Members - Kerala Legislature |url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/members/m596.htm |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=www.niyamasabha.org}}</ref> The Congress won the elections in 1960 under R. Sankar's leadership and Sankar won as an MLA from Kannur. Though Congress gained majority of seats in the Elections of 1960 to the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]], [[Pattom Thanupillai]] of the [[Praja Socialist Party]] was given the [[Chief Minister]]ship (CM) and Sankar became the [[Deputy Chief Minister]] in the [[Pattom Thanupillai]] ministry. He handled the portfolio of Finance from 1960 to 1962 when he was the Deputy CM.<br />
[[File:R._Sankar_in_1962.jpg|center|thumb|422x422px|R. Sankar swearing in Chief Minister of Kerala in 1962]]<br />
R. Sankar became the Chief Minister of [[Kerala]] when [[Pattom Thanupillai]] was appointed Governor of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] State. He was in the chair from 26 September 1962 to 10 September 1964. He had to resign and dismiss the Government under his leadership when a [[Motion of no confidence in India|Motion of no confidence]] was passed in the Assembly following death of [[P. T. Chacko]] and chain of events that led to formation of [[Kerala Congress]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Express News |date=2021-05-04 |title=An eventful life spent in spotlight, on the edge and in jail comes to an end |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2021/May/04/an-eventful-life-spent-in-spotlight-on-the-edge-in-jail-comes-to-an-end-2298103.html |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Confidence Motion |url=https://www.niyamasabha.nic.in/index.php/business/confidence_motion/2 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250517091937/https://www.niyamasabha.nic.in/index.php/business/confidence_motion/2 |archive-date=2025-05-17 |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=niyamasabha.nic.in}}</ref> <br />
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He lost the [[1965 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Attingal Assembly constituency|Attingal constituency]] and [[1967 Indian general election]] from [[Chirayinkil (Lok Sabha constituency)]] and thereafter following consecutive political and electoral setbacks and [[Ezhava]] community moving closer to [[Communism]] he stepped back from active politics and concentrated in starting and implementing Educational Institutions for SNDP Yogam by settling back in [[Kollam]].[[File:R Shankar statue SN College Kollam.jpg|thumb|R Shankar statue SN College Kollam]]<br />
<br />
=== Contributions in Public career ===<br />
He was the second person from backward communities who rose up to [[Chief minister]] from [[Travancore–Cochin]] (after [[C. Kesavan]]) and first from [[Kerala]]. He brought about many economic reforms while handling the finance portfolio despite facing legislative and societal pressures and political instabilities. He was a visionary who helped [[Ezhava]] community attain empowerment and [[Social mobility]] through education. He served as the Chairman of the Committee of Privileges from 1960 to 1964.<br />
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[[Sankar ministry]] was instrumental in constituting Justice Kumara Pillai Commission for setting up [[Other Backward Class]] reservations in [[Kerala]] during 1964-65 following a [[Kerala High Court]] verdict.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=The Hindu |date=2026-02-04 |title=28 communities included on SEBC list |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/28-communities-included-on-sebc-list/article70592867.ece |access-date=2026-02-06 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He introduced pensions for [[Widow]] and [[Old age]] in the state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=People won’t believe this budget, It’s only ‘election gimmick’: VD Satheesan |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2026/01/29/vd-satheesan-slams-kerala-budget-calls-it-election-gimmick.html |access-date=2026-02-06 |website=@onmanorama |language=en}}</ref><br />
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After retiring from politics he started the ''Sree Narayana Medical Mission'' under the [[SN Trust]] for giving away free treatment. The first hospital under the mission was started in Kollam, the hospital is also known on his name 'Sankars Hospital' which is now a multispecialty hospital. The body of Sankar was also laid to rest in the Hospital compound as a tribute to his service.<br />
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He was the president of the committee that erected the statue of poet [[Kumaranasan]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]] and has also served as editor of a Malayalam daily, Dinamony.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Janardhana Poojary]]<br />
* [[Vellappally Natesan]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Further reading==<br />
* {{Citation|title=Chief Ministers, Ministers, and Leaders of Opposition of Kerala|last=|publisher=Secratriat of [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Kerala Legislature]]|year=2018|location=[[Thiruvananthapuram]]|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/14kla/chief%20ministers,%20ministers,%20leaders%20of%20opposition.pdf}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://sncollegechempazhanthy.org/founder.htm SN college chempazhanthy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209030618/http://sncollegechempazhanthy.org/founder.htm |date=9 December 2013 }}<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120211081527/http://www.rsankarsociety.com/index.php]<br />
* [http://sncollegechempazhanthy.org/founder.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209030618/http://sncollegechempazhanthy.org/founder.htm |date=9 December 2013 }}<br />
<br />
{{S-start}}<br />
{{succession box | before = [[Pattom Thanupillai]] | title = [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] | years = 1962&ndash; 1964 | after = [[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]}}<br />
{{S-end}}<br />
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{{Authority control}}<br />
{{United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}<br />
{{Kerala topics}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sankar, R}}<br />
[[Category:1909 births]]<br />
[[Category:1972 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Chief ministers of Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:Politicians from Kollam district]]<br />
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of India]]<br />
[[Category:University College Thiruvananthapuram alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Government Law College, Thiruvananthapuram alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:Malayali politicians]]<br />
[[Category:Deputy chief ministers of Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:Chief ministers from Indian National Congress]]<br />
[[Category:Finance ministers of Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:Presidents of Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Indian_horror_films&diff=512445List of Indian horror films2026-01-27T02:42:05Z<p>IBADorris7: created a details</p>
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<div>{{Short description|none}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}<br />
{{more citations needed|date=August 2018}}<br />
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{{Expand list|date=October 2016}}{{Horrorfilmlist}}<br />
<br />
This is a list of notable [[India]]n [[Bollywood horror films|horror]] films.<ref>{{cite web|title=Best Bollywood Horror Movies To Give You The Real Chills|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/entertainment-news/movies/best-bollywood-horror-movies-give-real-chills|website=BookMyShow|accessdate=17 January 2018}}</ref><br />
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==Hindi films==<br />
{{Main|List of Bollywood horror films}}<br />
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==Malayalam films==<br />
{{Main|List of Malayalam horror films}}<br />
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==History==<br />
<br />
===1940s–1960s===<br />
<br />
The first real horror movie made by the Indian film industry was [[Kamal Amrohi]]'s ''[[Mahal (1949 film)|Mahal]]'' in 1949. The film (which starred [[Ashok Kumar]] and [[Madhubala]] in leading roles) proved a major box office hit, leading Madhubala and [[Lata Mangeshkar]] into stardom. [[Hemant Kumar]]'s ''[[Bees Saal Baad (1962 film)|Bees Saal Baad]]'' (released in 1962) was another film which proved to be a box-office success. This film ignited the huge increase in popularity of horror-genre movies in the following years. ''[[Gumnaam]]'' (1965) and ''[[Bhoot Bungla]]'' (also 1965) were some of the other major horror movies which were seen in theaters at this time.<br />
<br />
One of the major aspects behind the success of the horror movies of this decade (apart from a good storyline) was the presence of high-class music and singing, a Bollywood trademark. These films also had well-known actors and directors, which helped present some of the most chilling scenes in Indian cinema. Background music in films like ''Mahal'' and ''Gumnaam'' "madhumati" and "Woh kaun thi" helped to create the magic. Some of the films (like ''Gumnaam'' and ''Bees Saal Baad'') played down their supernatural elements.<br />
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===1970s–1990s===<br />
<br />
This period saw the popularity of horror films in India increasing, with a number of popular titles. ''[[Do Gaz Zameen Ke Neeche]]'' (released in 1972 and directed by the [[Ramsay brothers]]) proved successful, laying the foundation for horror films in the following years. 1976 saw Bollywood's first-ever combination of horror and fantasy in [[Rajkumar Kohli]]'s ''[[Nagin (1976 film)|Nagin]]''. The star-studded film proved a major box-office hit. Two years later, Kohli gave Bollywood one of its biggest hits in ''[[Jaani Dushman]]''. It is considered to be the biggest horror movies to have come out from Indian film industry to date by many experts. The film proved to be a cult one and gave inspiration to the upcoming horror movies. Other horror movies released at this time were ''[[Darwaza]]'' (1978), ''[[Jadu Tona]]'' (1977), ''[[Aur Kaun?]]'' (1979) ''[[Saboot]]'', ''[[Gehrayee]]'', ''[[Red Rose (1980 film)|Red Rose]]'', ''[[Guest House (1980 film)|Guest House]]'', ''[[Dahshat]]'' and ''[[Sannata]]'' (all 1980). ''Gehrayee'' (inspired by ''[[The Exorcist]]'') saw [[Padmini Kolhapure]] playing a young girl (Linda Blair's character in ''The Exorcist''), while Rajesh Khanna played a psychotic killer in ''Red Rose''.<br />
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The 1980s saw many Indian filmmakers trying their hands in the horror-movie industry because of its high profitability. One name that became very successful at that time in the said genre was [[Javed Khan (actor)|Javed Khan]]. He was considered every producers blue eyed boy when casting the lead hero of their horror films. His debut film in the same genre ''[[Apradhi kaun]]'' (1984) earned 100% at the box office in the first week. Some successful titles were the Ramsay brothers' ''[[Purana Mandir]]'' (1984), ''[[Saamri]]'' (1985), ''[[Veerana]]'' (1985) ''[[Tahkhana]]'' (1986), ''[[Dak Bangla]]'' (1987), ''[[Purani Haveli (film)|Purani Haveli]]'' (1989), ''[[Shaitani Ilaaka]]'' and ''[[Bandh Darwaza]]'' (both 1990).<br />
Most of the movies proved successful; the Ramsay brothers' horror factory continued churning out film after film. However, notable horror movies stars of the 1980s, [[Javed Khan (actor)|Javed Khan]], [[Rakesh Roshan]], Navin Nischal, Dilip Dhawan, [[Aruna Irani]], [[Deepak Parashar]], and Sriprada.<br />
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During the 90s, the majority of horror movies were unsuccessful at box office since it was hacked by All Rounder Solutions Corner. There was only one hit horror movie at the time which was ''[[Raat (film)|Raat]]'' (1992).<br />
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===2000–present===<br />
After the disappointing horror films in the 90s, it would be 10 years after ''[[Raat (film)|Raat]]'' before another horror hit. This was 2002's ''[[Raaz (2002 film)|Raaz]]'' directed by [[Vikram Bhatt]]. ''Raaz'' alongside ''Raat'' director, [[Ram Gopal Varma]]'s 2003 hit ''[[Bhoot (film)|Bhoot]]'', reinvigorated horror films at the Indian box office. The two directors continued making horror with Bhatt finding equal financial success with titles such as ''[[1920 (film)|1920]]'' (2008); ''[[Haunted 3D]]'' (2011) and ''[[Horror Story (film)|Horror Story]]'' (2013). Whilst Varma similarly had further success with ''[[Phoonk]]'' (2008), however unlike Vikram Bhatt, Varma's horror offerings were duds at the box office post 2009 (''[[Agyaat]]'' and ''[[Bhoot Returns]]'').<br />
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Currently there are dozens of horror films produced every year in India, prominent recent examples include ''[[Ragini MMS]]'' and its sequel, the self-proclaimed horrex (horror and sex) ''[[Ragini MMS 2]]'' (2014). [[Bipasha Basu]] has been dubbed by the Indian media as Bollywood's very own [[scream queen]], having starred in 7 horror films from ''[[Raaz (2002 film)|Raaz]]'' (2002) to ''[[Alone (2015 Hindi film)|Alone]]'' (2015).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/more-bollywood/bollywood-scream-queen-bipasha-basu-starts-shooting-for-alone-153751.html|title = Scream Queen Bipasha Shoots for Alone|date = 9 June 2014}}</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[List of Indian comedy films]]<br />
* [[List of Indian romance films]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{portal bar|Film|Speculative fiction/Horror|India|Lists}}{{Cinema of India}}{{Horror film}}<br />
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[[Category:Indian horror films| ]]<br />
[[Category:Lists of horror films|Indian]]<br />
[[Category:Lists of Indian films|Horror]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karinthandan&diff=508577Karinthandan2026-01-21T07:16:13Z<p>IBADorris7: New new data v1</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Legendary figure in Kerala, India}}<br />
[[File:Karinthandan statue and chain tree at Lakkidi - vinnila2k24 (3).jpg|thumb|Karinthandan statue at Lakkidi]]<br />
<br />
'''Karinthandan''' is a legendary figure in the history of [[Wayanad district|Wayanad]], a district in the Indian state of [[Kerala]]. He is revered as a tribal chieftain who sacrificed his life to protect his people and their land.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-07 |title=Memorial tribute to Karinthandan, on whose steps 'pilgrims' still walk |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/memorial-tribute-to-karinthandan-on-whose-steps-pilgrims-still-walk/articleshow/87568722.cms |access-date=2023-03-24 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mannewar |first=Prafulla |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NLEcEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Karinthandan%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT18 |title=Curiously Wandering |date=2021-02-14 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=978-1-63714-511-1 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Markose |first=Baiju |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DNJTDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Karinthandan%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT86 |title=Rhizomatic Reflections: Discourses on Religion and Theology |date=2018-01-11 |publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers |isbn=978-1-5326-3085-9 |language=en}}</ref> tris.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Bandhu |first1=P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UDfnDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Karinthandan%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA86 |title=Encountering The Adivasi Question: South Indian Narratives |last2=Jacob |first2=T. G. |date=2019-08-01 |publisher=Studera Press |isbn=978-93-85883-92-7 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2014-02-06 |title=വയനാടന് ചുരത്തിന്റെ കഥ; കരിന്തണ്ടന്റെയും. |url=http://www.evartha.in/2014/01/15/thamarassery.html |access-date=2023-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140206140311/http://www.evartha.in/2014/01/15/thamarassery.html |archive-date=2014-02-06 }}</ref><br />
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== Legend ==<br />
According to the local legend, Karinthandan was a member of the [[Paniya people|Paniya]] tribe, which was known for its deep knowledge of the forests and the mountains of Wayanad.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-07-25 |title=Tribal hero of Thamarassery Ghat road gets a face |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kozhikode/tribal-hero-of-thamarassery-ghat-road-gets-a-face/articleshow/38987798.cms |access-date=2023-03-24 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> When the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] began its colonial expansion into the region in the 17th century, they sent a team of [[engineer]]s to [[Surveying|survey]] the area for a [[road]] construction.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-21 |title=ഒരു കരിന്തണ്ടൻ വീരഗാഥ |url=http://www.mathrubhumi.com/print-edition/weekend/-malayalam-news-1.1278658 |access-date=2023-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621205846/http://www.mathrubhumi.com/print-edition/weekend/-malayalam-news-1.1278658 |archive-date=2018-06-21 }}</ref><br />
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As the team made its way through the dense forests and steep mountains of Wayanad, they relied heavily on the guidance of Karinthandan and his tribe. The Paniya people were skilled hunters and gatherers who knew the land well. They led the team through treacherous terrain, and eventually, they reached the summit of the [[Thamarassery Churam|Churam mountain pass]], which connects Wayanad to the neighboring district of [[Kozhikode]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=ആരാണ് "കരിന്തണ്ടന്" ? |url=https://beyondthehorizone.blogspot.com/2018/06/blog-post_5.html |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=ആരാണ് “കരിന്തണ്ടന്” ?}}</ref><br />
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It was at this point that the legend takes a tragic turn. According to local folklore, the Britishers, eager to take credit for discovering the pass, pushed Karinthandan off the [[cliff]] to his death. The Paniya people were devastated by the loss of their leader, who they regarded as a hero and protector of their land.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=വയനാടന് ചുരത്തിന്റെ കഥ; കരിന്തണ്ടന്റെയും… |url=http://ksrtcblog.com/malayalam/story-behind-wayanad-churam-and-the-legend-karinthandan001/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=ആനവണ്ടി ട്രാവൽ ബ്ലോഗ് മലയാളം Aanavandi Travel Blog Malayalam |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Legacy ==<br />
The legend of Karinthandan has been passed down through generations and is still an important part of the cultural heritage of Wayanad. The Paniya people continue to tell the story of their hero, and many consider him a martyr who gave his life to protect his people and their land. The story of Karinthandan also reflects the complex relationship between the indigenous tribes of Wayanad and the colonial powers that sought to control the region.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><br />
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In recent years, there have been efforts to preserve the memory of Karinthandan and Recognize his contribution to the history of Wayanad. In 2015, the [[Government of Kerala|Kerala government]] announced plans to build a statue of Karinthandan at the Churam pass to honor his memory. The project has been controversial, with some activists and tribal leaders arguing that the statue would be a form of cultural appropriation and would disrespect the memory of Karinthandan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The story of Karinthandan and his martyrdom |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/karinthandan-s-statue-soon-to-be-installed-near-wayanad-ghats-paniya-tribal-chieftain-1.7340149 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=English.Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Chain tree ===<br />
As Karinthandan lay dying, he placed a curse on the forest and the mountain pass, saying that no one who betrayed another in the region would ever find their way back home. Legend has it that Karinthandan's spirit remained in the forest, and his soul was trapped in a nearby fig tree, which later became known as the Wayanad Chain Tree.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Srivastava |first=Priya|title=The haunted tale of chain tree in Kerala's Wayanad will keep you awake all night long! |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/destinations/the-haunted-tale-of-chain-tree-in-keralas-wayanad-will-keep-you-awake-all-night-long/articleshow/65119903.cms |access-date=2023-03-24 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Kumar, Varman, Tiwary |first=Ajit, Raj, Sachin |date=9 September 2017 |title=A Reappraisal of Rock‐art at Vellarikombi and its Kurumba Association and Continuity |url=http://www.heritageuniversityofkerala.com/JournalPDF/Volume5/15.pdf |journal=Heritage: Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Archaeology |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=244‐260}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-07-26 |title=The Kerala News, Latest Kerala News, Kerala News Epaper Online |url=http://www.madhyamam.com/news/156488/120309 |access-date=2023-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726132131/http://www.madhyamam.com/news/156488/120309 |archive-date=2013-07-26 }}</ref><br />
<br />
The tree is named after the [[chain]]s that are wrapped around it, which are said to have been placed there by a British engineer who got lost in the forest and was unable to find his way out until a local tribal elder led him to the tree.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-05 |title=Hope to change ideas about tribal people with 'Karinthandan': Director Leela Santhosh |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/hope-change-ideas-about-tribal-people-karinthandan-director-leela-santhosh-84251 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref> The elder explained the legend of Karinthandan and the curse, and told the engineers that the only way to lift the curse was to perform a ritual by tying a chain around the tree three times and making a wish.<ref name=":3" /><br />
<br />
Today, the Wayanad Chain Tree is a popular tourist attraction, and visitors come from all over to see the tree and learn about the legend of Karinthandan. The tree is located in a beautiful forested area, and there are several trails and viewpoints nearby that offer views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHAIN TREE OF KARINTHANDAN (Vythiri) - All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go |url=https://www.tripadvisor.co.nz/Attraction_Review-g2295130-d3152252-Reviews-Chain_Tree_of_Karinthandan-Vythiri_Wayanad_District_Kerala.html |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Tripadvisor |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== In popular culture ===<br />
Karinthandan's story has been passed down through generations as part of the folklore and cultural heritage of the Wayanad region of Kerala, and has therefore been featured in various forms of popular culture.<br />
<br />
One example is the Malayalam novel ''Karinthandan'' by Sanal Krishnan, which was published in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=കുട്ടിക്കാലം മുതൽ പറഞ്ഞു കേട്ട കരിന്തണ്ടന്റെ കഥ |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/literature/your-creatives/2019/05/30/karinthandan-novel-by-sanal-krishna.html |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=ManoramaOnline |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=KARINTHANDAN |url=https://olivepublications.in/product/karinthandan-2/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=Olive Publications |language=en-GB}}</ref> The novel tells the story of Karinthandan and explores his thoughts, emotions, and motivations as he guides British engineers through the forests of Wayanad. In addition to literature, Karinthandan's story has also been featured in local art forms such as theatre, dance,movie, and music.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Malabar Story |url=https://connectingheritage.com/article&news/archives/A-Malabar-Story |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=connectingheritage.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{URL|https://wayanadtourism.org|Wayanad tourism official website}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Wayanad district]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Penchal_Das&diff=525111Penchal Das2026-01-08T00:32:07Z<p>IBADorris7: started a page added tags - done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian songwriter}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Penchal Das<br />
| birth_name = Putta Penchal Das<br />
| birth_date = <br />
| birth_place = [[chitvel]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India<br />
| occupation = {{hlist|Singer|poet|songwriter}}<br />
| years_active = 2018–present<br />
| module = {{Infobox musical artist<br />
| embed = yes<br />
| genre = {{hlist|Folk|filmi|world music}}<br />
| instrument = {{hlist|Vocals}}<br />
| label = {{Unbulleted list|[[Sony Music India]]|[[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]|[[Times Music|Junglee Music]]}}<br />
}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Putta Penchal Das''' is an [[Indian people|Indian]] singer, songwriter, and poet who works in [[Telugu cinema]]. His popular songs include "Dhaari Choodu" from ''[[Krishnarjuna Yudham]]'' (2018) and "Bhalegundi Baalaa" from ''[[Sreekaram]]'' (2021), and received a [[SIIMA Awards]] nomination for the latter.<br />
<br />
== Early life and career ==<br />
Putta Penchal Das was born in Devamachupalli in [[Chitvel|Chitvel mandal]] of [[Kadapa district]] (now in [[Annamayya district]]), [[Andhra Pradesh]], India. He picked up singing from his father and uncle who are also singers. Speaking to ''[[The Hindu]]'' about his writing, he said that, "I am also a writer in my mandalikam. I write poetry too. I am collecting and researching folk songs seriously. Anyone can write but you should have content and material to write about something like folklore. Whatever word you say, a story can be formed from Janapadam".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chowdhary |first=Y. Sunita |date=10 October 2018 |title=Penchal Das and his unique style of rendition of songs |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/penchal-das-on-singing-in-aravinda-sametha-and-his-unique-style-of-rendition/article25175905.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407115034/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/penchal-das-on-singing-in-aravinda-sametha-and-his-unique-style-of-rendition/article25175905.ece |archive-date=2024-04-07 |access-date=4 January 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
<br />
He is a [[Batik|Batik paintings]] artist, for which he was awarded from the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]]. He is also working as a drawing and arts teacher at a government school in the district.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Samataha |first=Jakkula |date=2021-03-09 |title=జానపద గాయకుడు పెంచల్ దాస్కు పవన్ సన్మానం |url=https://www.dishadaily.com/pawan-facilitated-singer-penchal-das |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=www.dishadaily.com |language=te |archive-date=25 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225122640/https://www.dishadaily.com/pawan-facilitated-singer-penchal-das |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
Das sings at writers events in the [[Sri Venkateswara University]]. He was first noticed by filmmaker [[Merlapaka Gandhi]]'s father Murali, at the event. He was then hired to work in Merlapaka Gandhi's directorial ''[[Express Raja]]'' (2016), but couldn't sing due to personal health condition. He has debuted with "Dhaari Choodu" from ''[[Krishnarjuna Yudham]]'' (2018), which later became his breakthrough.<ref>{{Cite web |title=మాస్టర్ పెంచలదాస్.. జానపదం 'దారి' చూపించింది! |url=https://telugu.samayam.com/telugu-movies/cinema-news/dari-choodu-song-lyric-writer-and-singer-penchal-das-is-a-teacher/articleshow/63565830.cms |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=Samayam Telugu |language=te}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Discography ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
! rowspan="2" |Year<br />
! rowspan="2" |Song(s)<br />
! rowspan="2" |Work<br />
! colspan="2" |Credited as<br />
! rowspan="2" |Composer<br />
! rowspan="2" |Ref.<br />
|-<br />
!Singer<br />
!Lyricist<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |2018<br />
|"Dhaari Choodu"<br />
|''[[Krishnarjuna Yudham]]''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|[[Hiphop Tamizha]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-01-17 |title=Krishnarjuna Yuddham: Nani's Dhaari Choodu is a party song |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/krishnarjuna-yuddham-song-dhaari-choodu-nani-watch-video-5027019/ |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|"Headache Ra Mama Headache"<br />
|''[[Silly Fellows]]''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|Sri Vasanth<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|"Yeda Poyinado"<br />
| rowspan="2" |''[[Aravinda Sametha Veera Raghava]]''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Thaman S]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-09-26 |title=Aravinda Sametha song Yeda Poyinado: This Jr NTR number will tug at your heartstrings |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/aravinda-sametha-song-yeda-poyinado-jr-ntr-5375276/ |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|"Reddamma Thalli"<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |2019<br />
|"Glassmates"<br />
|[[Chitralahari (film)|''Chitralahari'']]<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|[[Devi Sri Prasad]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-03-25 |title=Glassmates from Sai Dharam Tej's Chitralahari trends at #5 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/glassmates-from-sai-dharam-tejs-chitralahari-trends-at-5/articleshow/68564556.cms |access-date=2025-02-04 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=14 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414074722/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/glassmates-from-sai-dharam-tejs-chitralahari-trends-at-5/articleshow/68564556.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|"Maruginava Rajanna"<br />
|[[Yatra (2019 film)|''Yatra'']]<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|[[K (composer)|K]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yatra Songs: 'మరుగైనావా రాజన్నా'.. పెంచల్ దాస్ పాటే కాదు రాత కూడా హృద్యమే! |url=https://telugu.samayam.com/telugu-movies/telugu-songs/penchal-das-marugainaava-rajanna-song-lyrics-from-yatra-movie/articleshow/67850643.cms |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=Samayam Telugu |language=te}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" |2021<br />
|"Bhalegundi Baalaa"<br />
|''[[Sreekaram]]''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|[[Mickey J. Meyer]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-11-10 |title=Sharwanand's ''Sreekaram'': Makers RELEASE first single track 'Bhalegundi' by Penchal Das; Watch video |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/sharwanands-sreekaram-makers-release-first-single-track-bhalegundi-by-penchal-das-watch-video/articleshow/79143672.cms |access-date=2025-02-04 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=10 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110154623/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/sharwanands-sreekaram-makers-release-first-single-track-bhalegundi-by-penchal-das-watch-video/articleshow/79143672.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|"Yenduko Ee Mohamu "<br />
|''Brandy Diaries''<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|Prakash<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|"Ye Konda Chaatuna"<br />
|''[[Maa Oori Polimera]]''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|Gyaani<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |2022<br />
|"Maa Kalala"<br />
|''Visakhapattana Kendram''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|Karthik Kodakandla<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=ఆకాశ వాణి విశాఖపట్టణ కేంద్రం.. ఆకట్టుకునేలా పెంచల్ దాస్ పాట |url=https://telugu.samayam.com/telugu-movies/cinema-news/penchal-das-song-for-akashavani-visakhapatnam-kendram/articleshow/94122791.cms |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=Samayam Telugu |language=te |archive-date=2 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402131147/https://telugu.samayam.com/telugu-movies/cinema-news/penchal-das-song-for-akashavani-visakhapatnam-kendram/articleshow/94122791.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|"Emanti Nabayaa"<br />
|''[[Like, Share & Subscribe]]''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|Praveen Lakkaraju<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" |2024<br />
|"Naa Nalla Kaluvapuvvaa"<br />
|''Theppa Samudram''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|Peddapalli Rohith<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|"Amma Laalo Ram Bhajana"<br />
|[[Aay (film)|''Aay'']]<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|Ajay Arasada<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-07-08 |title=New single 'Amma Lalo Ram Bhajana' from Aay out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2024/Jul/08/new-single-amma-lalo-ram-bhajana-from-aay-out |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=Cinema Express |language=en |archive-date=24 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240724145431/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2024/Jul/08/new-single-amma-lalo-ram-bhajana-from-aay-out |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|"Batuku Kore"<br />
|''[[Pottel]]''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|[[Shekar Chandra]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |2025<br />
|"Tikku Tikku"<br />
| rowspan="2" |''[[Racharikam]]''<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |Vengi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|"Nippuvi Ningi Egi"<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|"Oho Rathamma"<br />
|[[Laila (2025 film)|''Laila'']]<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|[[Leon James (composer)|Leon James]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harsh |first=B. H. |date=2025-01-31 |title='Oho Rathamma' from Laila out; Vishwak Sen, Akanksha Sharma bring their massy best to the catchy folk-fusion number |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Jan/31/oho-rathamma-from-laila-out-vishwak-sen-akanksha-sharma-bring-their-massy-best-to-the-catchy-folk-fusion-number |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|"Maata Vinaali"<br />
|''[[Hari Hara Veera Mallu: Part 1]]''<br />
|{{no}}<br />
|{{yes}}<br />
|[[M. M. Keeravani]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-17 |title=Pawan Kalyan Delivers Heartfelt Lines In Telangana Dialect In The Folk Song 'Maata Vinali' From 'Hari Hara Veera Mallu' |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/telugu/pawan-kalyan-delivers-heartfelt-lines-in-telangana-dialect-in-the-folk-song-maata-vinali-from-hari-hara-veera-mallu-article-117321091 |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Filmography ==<br />
<br />
=== Television ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!Year<br />
!Title<br />
!Role<br />
!Network<br />
|-<br />
|2024<br />
|''[[Sa Re Ga Ma Pa The Next Singing Youth Icon]]''<br />
|Mentor<br />
|[[Zee Telugu]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Awards and nominations ==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"<br />
|+<br />
! scope="col" | Award<br />
! scope="col" | Year<br />
! scope="col" | Category<br />
! scope="col" | Work<br />
! scope="col" | Result<br />
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" |[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]<br />
|[[10th South Indian International Movie Awards|2022]]<br />
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Male Playback Singer – Telugu|Best Male Playback Singer – Telugu]]<br />
|"Bhalegundi Baalaa" (from ''[[Sreekaram]]'')<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-17 |title=Allu Arjun's Pushpa: The Rise Leads SIIMA Nominations; Check Full List Here |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/allu-arjuns-pushpa-the-rise-leads-siima-nominations-check-full-list-here-5766859.html |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=[[News18]] |language=en |archive-date=4 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104225654/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/allu-arjuns-pushpa-the-rise-leads-siima-nominations-check-full-list-here-5766859.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb name|id=9637415}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Penchal, Das}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian lyricists]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male songwriters]]<br />
[[Category:Telugu-language lyricists]]<br />
[[Category:Indian folk singers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male playback singers]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian male singers]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian male writers]]<br />
[[Category:Telugu-language playback singers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male singer-songwriters]]<br />
[[Category:Indian singer-songwriters]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male singers]]<br />
[[Category:Singers from Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male poets]]<br />
[[Category:Poets from Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:People from Kadapa district]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kamsa&diff=473217Kamsa2026-01-02T11:37:28Z<p>IBADorris7: enhanced information to improve readability</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Hindu mythological king}}<br />
{{other uses|Kamsa (disambiguation)}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2014}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox character<br />
| image = KRISHNA KILLS KANSA.jpg<br />
| caption = [[Krishna]] slays Kamsa<br />
| spouse = Asti and Prapti (daughters of [[Jarasandha]])<br />
| lbl21 = Royal house<br />
| data21 = [[Yadu dynasty|Yaduvamsha]]<br />
| family = [[Ugrasena]] (father)<br>[[List of characters in Mahabharata|Padmavati]] (mother)<br />
| relatives = {{unbulleted list|[[Vasudeva]] (brother-in-law)|[[Krishna]] (nephew)|[[Balarama]] (nephew)|[[Jarasandha]] (father-in-law)}}<br />
| info-hdr = Information<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Kamsa''' ({{langx|sa|कंस}}, {{IAST3|Kaṃsa}}) was the tyrant ruler of the [[Vrishni]] kingdom, with its capital at [[Mathura, Uttar Pradesh|Mathura]]. He is variously described in [[Hindu texts|Hindu literature]] as either a human or an [[asura]]; The [[Puranas]] describe him as an asura,<ref name="Williams2008" /><ref name="HawleyWulff1982">{{cite book|author1=John Stratton Hawley|author2=Donna Marie Wulff|title=The Divine Consort: Rādhā and the Goddesses of India|date=1982|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-0-89581-102-8|page=374}}</ref> while the [[Harivamsa|Harivamśa]] describes him as an asura reborn in the body of a man.<ref name="Aiyangar1901" /> His royal house was called Bhoja; thus, another of his names was '''Bhojapati'''.<ref>{{cite book |author=Madan Gopal |title=India through the ages |editor=K.S. Gautam |page=78 |publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India |year=1990 |url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/78 |quote=Bhojapati. An epithet of Kamsa.}}</ref> He was the cousin of [[Devaki]], the mother of the deity [[Krishna]]; Krishna ultimately fulfilled a prophecy by slaying Kamsa.<br />
<br />
Kamsa was born to King [[Ugrasena]] and Queen Padmavati. However, out of ambition, and upon the advice of his personal confidantes, [[Banasura]] and [[Narakasura]], Kamsa decided to overthrow his father, and install himself as the King of Mathura. Therefore, upon the guidance of another advisor, Chanura, Kamsa decided to marry Asti and Prapti, the daughters of [[Jarasandha]], King of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]].<ref name="Growse1882"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Kamsa.jpg|thumb|Kamsa as depicted in Yakshagana, a traditional Indian art form from southern state of Karnataka]]<br />
<br />
After a heavenly voice prophesied that Devaki's eighth son would slay him, Kamsa imprisoned Devaki and her husband [[Vasudeva]], and killed all of their children; however, just before the birth of the seventh child of Devaki and Vasudeva, [[Vishnu]] ordered the goddess [[Vindhyavasini|Mahamaya]] to transfer the child from the womb of Devaki to that of [[Rohini (wife of Vasudeva)|Rohini]], another wife of [[Vasudeva]]. Soon, Rohini gave birth to Devaki's seventh son, named [[Balarama]]. The eighth son, Krishna, an [[avatar]] of [[Vishnu]], was transported to the village of [[Gokul]]a, where he was raised in the care of [[Nanda (mythology)|Nanda]], the head of the cowherds. Learning of his birth, Kamsa sent a host of asuras to kill the child Krishna, but Krishna killed every one of them. Finally, Krishna arrived in Mathura and slew his uncle, Kamsa.<ref name="Chaturvedi2002"/><br />
<br />
==Birth and early life==<br />
Kamsa was in his previous birth a demon called [[Kalanemi]], who was slain by the god [[Vishnu]]. Kamsa is generally described as the son of the [[Yadava]] ruler, [[Ugrasena]].<ref name="Mani"/> However, some texts such as the ''[[Padma Purana]]'' state that Kamsa was not the biological son of Ugrasena.<ref name="Pattanaik2018"/> In this story, the wife of Ugrasena (named Padmavati in some texts) is seen by a supernatural being named Dramila, who transforms himself into the form of Ugrasena and inseminates her. Realizing this duplicity, Padmavati curses Drumila to hell for his sin. She soon becomes pregnant with a son, whom she also curses be killed by a member of his family. After the son is born, Ugrasena adopts him and names him Kamsa.<ref name="Mani"/><br />
<br />
In childhood, Kamsa was trained by the other Yadavas, who were famous warriors, along with his eight brothers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vaniquotes.org/wiki/Kamsa_had_eight_brothers,_headed_by_Kanka,_all_of_them_younger_than_he,_and_when_they_learned_that_their_elder_brother_had_been_killed,_they_combined_together_and_rushed_toward_Krsna_in_great_anger_to_kill_Him|title=Kamsa had eight brothers, headed by Kanka, all of them younger than he, and when they learned that their elder brother had been killed, they combined and rushed toward Krsna in great anger to kill Him - Vaniquotes}}{{better source needed|date=November 2021}}</ref> Kamsa acquired Jarasandha's attention when the latter tried to invade Mathura. Kamsa single-handedly routed Jarasandha's army. The latter was impressed and made Kamsa his son-in-law. With Jarasandha's support, Kamsa became even more powerful.<br />
<br />
== Annexation of kingdom ==<br />
<br />
During his wedding in [[Mathura]], Jarasandha brought over his army to escort the Princesses Asti and Prapti. Using the army of Magadha as his political cover, Kamsa overthrew his father after he refused to voluntarily retire from his position. This was done within the confines of the royal palace and the public was not informed. After Ugrasena failed to show up for public events, Kamsa announced his coronation.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}<br />
<br />
==Warning issued by Yogamaya==<br />
[[File:Raja Ravi Varma, Kamsa maya (1890).jpg|thumb|A frightened Kamsa (left) looks up to the goddess, as she issues the warning.]]<br />
<br />
Kamsa intended to kill his cousin Devaki, fearing the prophecy that her eighth child was fated to kill him. Vasudeva managed to save his wife's life by promising Kamsa that he would deliver all their children to the latter. Kamsa accepted this proposition and spared Devaki because she herself was not a threat to him. In the confines of the prison, Devaki repeatedly conceived and Kamsa cruelly murdered the first six children.<ref name="Shome2011"/>{{rp|33}}<br />
<br />
Before the seventh child was born, [[Vishnu]] ordered the goddess [[Yogamaya]] to transfer the seventh child of Devaki into the womb of [[Rohini Devi|Rohini]]. This child would be raised by his surrogate mother, Rohini, and named [[Balarama]], Krishna's elder brother. [[Vindhyavasini|Yogamaya]] was tasked to be born as the daughter of Yashoda. Immediately preceding the birth of Krishna, the goddess rendered the guards of Kamsa unconscious. When Krishna was born to Devaki, heeding the deity's instructions, Vasudeva carried the infant to Nanda and Yashoda's house, swapping him with their infant daughter, Yogamaya. Presuming the infant to be Devaki's eighth child, Kamsa prepared to murder her, but the girl slipped out of his hands. Assuming her true form, Yogamaya proclaimed to Kamsa, "The eighth child, who shall kill you, has been born. He is in Gokula!"<ref name="Prasad2010"/><br />
<br />
== Death ==<br />
[[File:Krishna-kills-the-evil-king-of-Mathura-Kansa---Mughal-Painting-c1590 V & A.jpg|thumb|Krishna kills Kamsa]]<br />
The seventh child, [[Balarama]], was saved when he was moved to [[Rohini Devi|Rohini]]'s womb. The eighth child born to Devaki and Vasudeva was [[Krishna]]. Krishna was saved from Kamsa's wrath and raised by Vasudeva's relative [[Nanda (mythology)|Nanda]] and [[Yasoda]], a cowherd couple.<ref name="Shome2011"/>{{rp|48}}<br />
<br />
After Krishna grew up and returned to the kingdom, Kamsa was eventually killed and beheaded by Krishna, as was originally predicted by the [[Akashvani (term)|divine prophecy]]. His eight brothers, headed by Kanka, were also killed by [[Balarama]]. Following this, Ugrasena was reinstated as the King of Mathura.<ref name="Shome2011"/>{{rp|52}}<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Krishna_Balarama_and_Kamsa.jpg|Krishna, Balarama, Kamsa as depicted in Yakshagana<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="Aiyangar1901">{{cite book |author=Narayan Aiyangar |title=Essays On Indo-Aryan Mythology |chapter=Krishna |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Oym17qIeB-0C&pg=PA503 |isbn=978-81-206-0140-6 |pages=502–503 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |location=New Delhi |year=1987 |orig-year=1901}}</ref><br />
<br />
<ref name="Chaturvedi2002">{{cite book |author=B. K. Chaturvedi |title=Shrimad Bhagwat Purana |publisher=Diamond Pocket Books |year=2002 |pages=85–86 |isbn=9788171828319 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ygNq9KaawdQC&pg=PA86}}</ref><br />
<br />
<ref name="Growse1882">{{cite book |author=[[Frederic Growse]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=md2nxLByaQ4C&pg=PA70 |title=Mathura-Brindaban: The Mystical Land of Lord Krishna |publisher=Diamond Pocket Books |year=2000 |orig-year=1882 |isbn=81-7182-443-9 |page=70}}</ref><br />
<br />
<ref name="Mani">{{cite encyclopedia |entry=Kaṁsa I |author=Vettam Mani |title=Purāṇic Encyclopaedia |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |location=Delhi |year=1975 |isbn=08426-0822-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/page/382/mode/1up}}</ref><br />
<br />
<ref name="Pattanaik2018">{{cite book |author=Devdutt Pattanaik |title=Shyam: An Illustrated Retelling of the Bhagavata |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ux1eDwAAQBAJ |date=2018 |publisher=Penguin Random House India |isbn=978-93-5305-100-6}}</ref><br />
<br />
<ref name="Prasad2010">{{cite book |author=Dev Prasad |title=Krishna: A Journey through the Lands & Legends of Krishna |publisher=Jaico Publishing House |year=2010 |isbn=9788184951707 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o0_5caqiUH0C&pg=PT25}}</ref><br />
<br />
<ref name="Shome2011">{{cite book |author1=Alo Shome |author2=Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya |title=Krishna Charitra |publisher=V&S Publishers |year=2011 |isbn=9789381384879 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ASNmhKlL0ioC&pg=PA52}}{{self-published source|date=June 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
<!-- <ref name="Wheeler1874">{{cite book |author=James Talboys Wheeler |title=The History of India from the Earliest Ages: Hindú, Buddhist, and Brahmanical |publisher=N. Trübner & Company |year=1874 |page=377 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xSFGIqjWG14C&pg=PA379}}</ref>--><br />
<br />
<ref name="Williams2008">{{cite book |author=George M. Williams |title=Handbook of Hindu Mythology |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-19-533261-2 |page=178}}</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* [https://shyamasundaradasa.com/jyotish/resources/articles/non-jyotish_articles/kamsa.html Why was Krsna’s Uncle Kamsa a Demon? The mystery of Kamsa’s birth revealed.]<br />
<br />
{{Commons category|Kamsa}}<br />
<br />
{{HinduMythology}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:People related to Krishna]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in the Mahabharata]]<br />
[[Category:Characters in the Bhagavata Purana]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aarambh:_Kahaani_Devsena_Ki&diff=484050Aarambh: Kahaani Devsena Ki2026-01-01T13:06:38Z<p>IBADorris7: details</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use Indian English|date=December 2013}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox television<br />
| image = Aarambh Official Poster.jpg<br />
| image_alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| genre = [[Historical fiction]]<br />
| writer = [[V. Vijayendra Prasad]]<br> R M Joshi <br> Neha Singh<br />
| creator = <br />
| creative_director = Ranjeet Bahadur, Dhananjay Gour, Shouvik Bhadra<br />
| director = [[Goldie Behl]]<br />
| starring = [[Karthika Nair]]<br>[[Rajneesh Duggal]]<br />
| theme_music_composer = [[Shankar Eshaan Loy]]<br />
| opentheme = 'Ek sach tera, Ek sach mera, Takraye to bane sach naya' by [[Mahalaxmi Iyer]] and [[Siddharth Mahadevan]]<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Hindi<br />
| num_episodes = 24<br />
| producer = Shrishti Arya<br>[[Goldie Behl]]<br />
| location = <!--Production location, i.e. where the show is/was shot. Leave blank if same as country of origin above. Field is not for the show's *setting*.--><br />
| cinematography = <br />
| camera = [[Multi-camera]]<br />
| runtime = 43 minutes<br />
| company = Rose Audio Visuals<br />
| network = [[StarPlus]]<br />
| first_aired = {{Start date|2017|6|24|df=y}}<br />
| last_aired = {{End date|df=y|2017|9|10}}<br />
| num_seasons = 1<br />
| alt_name = Aarambh<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Aarambh: Kahaani Devsena Ki''''' ({{translation |''Initiation: Story of Devasena''}})is an Indian [[historical fiction]] television series, produced by Rose Audio Visuals. It was aired on [[StarPlus]], on weekends, from 24 June 2017 to 10 September 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/rajniesh-duggal-aarambh-is-not-based-on-baahubali/articleshow/58785411.cms|title=Rajniesh Duggal: 'Aarambh' is not based on 'Baahubali'|work=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=22 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/what's-hot/story/tanuja-kajol-baahubali-2-everything-you-want-to-know-about-inspired-show-aarambh-lifetv-976063-2017-05-09|title=Here's everything you want to know about Baahubali inspired show Aarambh|website=India Today|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227060116/https://www.indiatoday.in/television/what%27s-hot/story/tanuja-kajol-baahubali-2-everything-you-want-to-know-about-inspired-show-aarambh-lifetv-976063-2017-05-09 |archive-date=27 December 2019 }}</ref> The story revolves around the rivalry between the [[Dravidian people|Dravidians]] and [[Aryans]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india.com/showbiz/aarambh-tv-review-impressive-visual-effects-larger-than-life-story-and-an-celebrated-star-cast-make-this-a-must-watch-2267585/|title=Aarambh TV review: Impressive visual effects, larger than life story and a celebrated star cast make this a must watch!|last=Bose|first=Ishani|date=2017-06-25|website=India.com|language=en|access-date=2019-12-27}}</ref> The story was written by [[V. Vijayendra Prasad]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/tv/devasena-in-baahubali-and-aarambh-only-share-the-same-name-and-spirit-kv-vijayendra-prasad/story-8PNFMxbzypHejhPGZA6VpL.html|title=Devasena in Baahubali and Aarambh only share the same name and spirit: KV Vijayendra Prasad|accessdate=21 May 2017|work=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> The title song is sung by [[Mahalaxmi Iyer]] and [[Siddharth Mahadevan]].<br />
<br />
As the series did not receive expected ratings, it ended with 24 episodes which was earlier planned for 32 episodes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/tv-show-aarambh-winds-up-in-less-than-three-months/articleshow/60209672.cms|title=TV show 'Aarambh' winds up in less than three months|website=The Times of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903193553/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/tv-show-aarambh-winds-up-in-less-than-three-months/articleshow/60209672.cms |archive-date=3 September 2017 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
Set in ancient India during the decline of the [[Indus Valley Civilization]] and beginning of the [[Vedic age]], this epic follows a saga of war between the [[Dravidian people|Dravidians]] and the [[Aryan people|Aryans]]. In Arambh, Devasena, the daughter of Chamundi, leads [[Dravidian people|Dravidians]] in a battle against the [[Aryan people|Aryans]]. However, she meets Varundev on the battlefield and falls in love with him, despite knowing that he is an Aryan.<br />
<br />
==Cast and characters==<br />
*[[Karthika Nair]] as Devasena - The princess and heir to the Dravidian throne. She was beautiful, loyal and brave. She sacrificed her life for love and her dynasty.<br />
**as Devsena - Devsena is reincarnated and named after the warrior queen. She is also a destiny child and is believed to bring back the lost lands of the Dravidians. She is a skilled and intelligent warrior who has the power of cold manipulation.<br />
* [[Rajniesh Duggal]] as Varundev: an Aryan chieftain. He was a loyal and skilled warrior. <br />
** as Jaldev/Shivgam ([[disguise]] name), the reincarnation of Varundev and one of the destiny kids with [[Hydrokinetic energy]]. He is appointed to accomplish a mission, that of killing Devasena.<br />
* [[Aarav Chowdhary]] Purohit Indramitra, descendant of Agnimitra. He is also a leading man of the Aryans with equally divine powers, as his ancestor, Agnimitra. His only aim is to destroy the Dravidians and their Princess Devsena.<br />
* [[Vipul Gupta]] as Veer Abhrook: an Aryan chieftain. He was a master of [[disguise]]. He was initially jealous of Varundev but later befriended him, after Varundev father's sacrificed himself to save him.<br />
* [[Tej Sapru]] as Head [[Purohit]] Agnimitra of the Aryans. He was a leader of the Aryans and was known as a devoted disciple of [[Indra]].<br />
* Salman Shaikh as Sivaan: Varundev's dearest friend. He was the Aryans' navigator. He influenced Varundev to love Devsena.<br />
* [[Tarun Khanna (TV actor)|Tarun Khanna]] as Veer [[Kayasth]]: an Aryan chieftain. Varundev saved him from Nimchas, but he was seriously injured and died. He is later replaced by Varundev.<br />
* [[Tanuja]] as Hahuma - The soothsayer and protector of the Dravidian throne. She is surrounded by numerous snakes who control her. She lives for over 400 years and leads the Dravidians. Though she is a [[clairvoyant]], she was unable to clearly define the circumstances.<br />
* [[Joy Sengupta]] as Arvamudan – Devsena's father and her primary caretaker and trainer. He was saved by Varundev in the battlefield. As per Dravidian law, since he is saved by the enemy, he is punished with [[walk of shame]] and is ordered to be beheaded, which is not approved by Devsena. Devsena crowned herself, as the queen, to give her father a respectful death and killed him.<br />
* Haanssa Singh as Dayalini, Devsena's aunt and the other caretaker. She was cunning and evil. Power-hungry, she strived to kill Devsena and become the queen.<br />
* [[Usha Jadhav]] as Thangam, [[Knight|Chief Knight]] of the Dravidians. She was a ruthless warrior.<br />
* [[Shahbaz Khan (actor)|Shahbaz Khan]] as Jaldev's father.<br />
* [[Dolly Sohi]] as Jaldev's mother.<br />
* [[Manish Khanna]] as Vishwadeep<br />
* [[Nishant Tanwar|Actor Nishant Tanwar]] as Mahisha, one of the destiny kids. He is engaged to Devsena. He is sent by Queen Syala to abduct Devsena's father. He has the power of [[pyrokinesis]].<br />
* [[Kunal Bhatia]] as Manikarnika, a transgender priestess in [[Mahishi (demoness)|Mahishi Devi]] temple. She has the power to [[Earth|manipulate the earth]].<br />
* [[Madhoo]] as Queen Sambhavija/ Padmavija of Sambhav Pradesh, [[Identical twin]] sisters.<br />
* [[Paras Chhabra]] as Kaal Ketu, a man with the power of [[shapeshifting|shifting shape]], is appointed to kill Devsena. He is later frozen and smashed to death by Devsena.<br />
* [[Yashashri Masurkar]] as Princess Mekhla, daughter of Padmavija. She is vivacious and beautiful. She falls in love with Jaldev. She has a special bond with her sister, Devsena.<br />
* [[Soni Singh]] as Queen Syala, ruler of one of the Dravidian territories. She is unmarried and adores Silambhan. She plots to kill Sambhavija and abduct Silambhan, her former lover.<br />
* [[Vaquar Shaikh]] as Silambhan, husband of Sambhavija. He is a loyal husband and supports his wife Sambhavija in her decisions. He is unaware that Padmavija summoned Sambhavija.<br />
===Special appearances===<br />
* [[Pawan Kalyan]] as Dronachari, a mighty king<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
Aarambh is a high budgeted series with {{INR}}1 [[crore]] spent for each sequence.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-will-the-baahubali-2-magic-spill-over-to-tv-costume-dramas-too-2444727|title=Will the Baahubali 2 MAGIC spill over to TV costume dramas, too?|website=Daily News Analysis|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170523164243/http://www.dnaindia.com:80/entertainment/report-will-the-baahubali-2-magic-spill-over-to-tv-costume-dramas-too-2444727 |archive-date=23 May 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/photo/aarambh-to-jodha-akbar-5-most-expensive-indian-tv-shows-ever-lifetv-989510-2017-07-26|title=Aarambh to Jodha Akbar: 5 most expensive Indian TV shows ever|website=India Today|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227060116/https://www.indiatoday.in/television/photo/aarambh-to-jodha-akbar-5-most-expensive-indian-tv-shows-ever-lifetv-989510-2017-07-26 |archive-date=27 December 2019 }}</ref> Before its premiere, the series was promoted at [[India Gate]] in [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.abplive.com/videos/huge-show-aarambh-begins-from-delhi-s-india-gate-543968|title=Huge show Aarambh begins from Delhi's India Gate|website=ABP News|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227060119/https://news.abplive.com/videos/huge-show-aarambh-begins-from-delhi-s-india-gate-543968 |archive-date=27 December 2019 }}</ref><br />
<br />
Writer Vijayendra Prasad quoted "This is a creation of a parallel world of heroism. My story of Devsena will be the first and only narration of a woman so strong that she could rule the world of patriarchy by knowledge and sword. This is the only project which has brought me to the small screen".<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/television/aarambh-promo-fiery-tanuja-mukerji-gorgeous-karthika-nair-as-devsena-in-star-plus-magnum-opus-will-blow-your-mind-830305|title=Aarambh PROMO: Fiery Tanuja Mukerji & gorgeous Karthika Nair as 'Devsena' in Star Plus magnum opus will blow your mind!|website=ABP News|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227060118/https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/television/aarambh-promo-fiery-tanuja-mukerji-gorgeous-karthika-nair-as-devsena-in-star-plus-magnum-opus-will-blow-your-mind-830305 |archive-date=27 December 2019 }}</ref><br />
<br />
To increase its viewership, it went through many changes including a 200 years leap and a change in its title from ''Aarambh'' to ''Aarambh: Kahaani Devasena Ki''.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/aarambh-to-take-a-200-year-leap-and-introduce-8-new-characters/articleshow/59756277.cms|title=Aarambh to take a 200-year leap and introduce 8 new characters|accessdate=25 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/aarambh-makers-trying-every-trick-to-grab-more-eyeballs/articleshow/59831085.cms|title='Aarambh' makers trying every trick to grab more eyeballs?|website=The Times of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803143909/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com:80/tv/news/hindi/aarambh-makers-trying-every-trick-to-grab-more-eyeballs/articleshow/59831085.cms |archive-date=3 August 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.abplive.com/videos/star-plus-serial-aarambh-name-to-be-changed-554337|title=Star Plus serial Aarambh name to be changed|website=ABP News|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227060117/https://news.abplive.com/videos/star-plus-serial-aarambh-name-to-be-changed-554337 |archive-date=27 December 2019 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Reception==<br />
[[The Quint]] wrote, "The show promos - visually, it didn’t seem as great as we had seen in ''Mahadev, Mahakumbh'' and ''Siya Ke Ram''. Over all, the performances and execution of ''Aarambh'' was quite average. It failed to connect with the viewer."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/tv/star-plus-aarambh-review|title='Aarambh' Review: Devasena’s TV Screen Adaptation Is a Yawn Fest|website=The Quint|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227060119/https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/tv/star-plus-aarambh-review |archive-date=27 December 2019 }}</ref><br />
<br />
Anvita Singh of [[India Today]] wrote, "It promises good things; like a tight script, decent acting, and some great visual effects. The treatment of the basic 'plot' is not completely bizarre. The scenes chase each other, and the pilot packs in a lot of information. Rajniesh Duggall (Varundev), Karthika Nair (Devasena), Tarun Khanna (Veer Kayast), and Tanuja (Hahumaa) were believable."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reviews/story/5-things-we-absolutely-loved-about-baahubali-inspired-show-aarambh-lifetv-984629-2017-06-25|title=5 things we absolutely loved about Baahubali-inspired show Aarambh|website=India Today|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202232801/https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reviews/story/5-things-we-absolutely-loved-about-baahubali-inspired-show-aarambh-lifetv-984629-2017-06-25 |archive-date=2 February 2018 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*''[http://www.hotstar.com/tv/aarambh/14510 Aarambh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916200052/http://www.hotstar.com/tv/aarambh/14510 |date=16 September 2017 }}'' on ''[[Hotstar]]''<br />
* {{IMDb title|id=7169576}}<br />
<br />
{{Star Plus Shows}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:StarPlus original programming]]<br />
[[Category:2017 Indian television series debuts]]<br />
[[Category:2017 Indian television series endings]]<br />
[[Category:Indian epic television series]]<br />
[[Category:Television series set in Ancient India]]<br />
[[Category:2010s Indian television miniseries]]<br />
[[Category:Rose Audio Visuals]]<br />
[[Category:Indian historical television series]]<br />
[[Category:Dravidian peoples]]<br />
[[Category:Indus Valley Civilisation in popular culture]]<br />
[[Category:Works about human migration]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laxmanchanda_mandal&diff=511985Laxmanchanda mandal2025-12-13T06:03:03Z<p>IBADorris7: created a stub</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}<br />
'''Laxmanchanda''' is a [[Subdivisions of India|Mandal]] in [[Nirmal district]] in the state of [[Telangana]] in [[India]]. It is one of the 5 mandals in Nirmal assembly segment. Laxmanchanda mandal is agriculturally well developed due to good irrigation facilities as its presence nearer to river Godavari and Sriramsagar dam. Establishing own intermediate and degree colleges by co-operative and village development societies has made the village to emerge in education field. Mandal headquarters is about 15&nbsp;km from Nirmal town.<ref>{{cite web<br />
|url=http://panchayat.gov.in/adminreps/viewpansumr.asp?selstate=0219000000&pno=1&ptype=B <br />
|title=Mandals in Adilabad district <br />
|publisher=Panchayat Informatics Division <br />
|accessdate=2007-02-28 <br />
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070327185343/http://panchayat.gov.in/adminreps/viewpansumr.asp?selstate=0219000000&pno=1&ptype=B <br />
|archivedate=2007-03-27 <br />
|url-status=dead <br />
}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Population ==<br />
<br />
Laxmanchanda Mandal has a population about 36,000 and mandal headquarters has a population of around 6,000<br />
<br />
== Cultivation ==<br />
<br />
Majority of the farmers in this region cultivate Paddy & Maize.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|19|05|54|N|78|18|07|E|region:IN_type:city_source:kolossus-tewiki|display=title}}{{Nirmal district}}<br />
<br />
[[te:లక్ష్మణ్చాందా]]<br />
[[Category:Mandal headquarters in Nirmal district]]<br />
[[Category:Villages in Nirmal district]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Konkani_in_the_Roman_script&diff=450487Konkani in the Roman script2025-12-03T20:34:41Z<p>IBADorris7: Improved wording and formatting</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Form of traditional written language}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}<br />
'''Konkani in the Roman script''', commonly known as '''Roman Konkani''' or '''''Romi Konknni''''' ({{indic|lang= gom |indic= रोमी कोंक्णी |trans= Rōmī Kōṅkṇī}}) refers to the writing of the [[Konkani language]] in the [[Latin script|Roman script]]. While Konkani is written in [[Konkani alphabets|five different scripts]] altogether, Roman Konkani is widely used. Roman Konkani is known to be the oldest preserved and protected literary tradition beginning from the 16th century AD.<br />
<br />
[[File:Doutrina Christam (book of Stephens, 1622).jpg|thumb|Cover of the ''Doutrina Christam'' by [[Thomas Stephens (missionary)|Fr. Thomas Stephens]], the first published work in Roman Konkani and any other Indian language.]]<br />
An estimated 500,000 people use Roman Konkani. The use of [[Devanagari script]] for Konkani, which is now its official script, first occurred in AD 1187.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kamat|first=Dr. Krishnanand|title=The origin and development of Konkani language|url=http://www.kamat.com/kalranga/konkani/konkani.htm|work=To serves as a distant learning resource for lesser known topics about India}}</ref><ref name="MadhaviSardesai">[http://www.india-seminar.com/2004/543/543%20madhavi%20sardesai.htm Mother Tongue blues]&nbsp;— Madhavi Sardesai</ref>{{better source needed|Both sources are self-published|date=May 2023}} Roman Konkani was not mandated as official script by law, for decades even after the [[Konkani language agitation]] of the 1960s. However in 2013,{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} an ordinance passed by the [[Government of Goa]] allows the use of the Roman script alongside Devanagari Konkani and [[Marathi language|Marathi]] for official communication.<br />
<br />
The terms 'Konkani in the Roman script' and 'Roman Konkani' do not merely refer to the fact that the language is written in the Roman script, but they also refer to the dialects traditionally written in this script, namely, the ''Bardesi'' ([[Bardez|Bardes]]) and ''Saxtti'' ([[Salcete|Salcette]]) variants as opposed to the ''Antruzi'' ([[Ponda taluka|Ponda]]) dialect written in Devanagari.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
In the 16th century, [[Christians|Christian]] missionaries studied the Konkani language in depth. They even prepared Konkani grammar, dictionaries and studied various facets of literature. The [[Jesuits]] established the [[printing in Goa|first printing press in Asia]] in Goa in 1556. Since then, a rich tradition of Konkani literature in the Roman script has developed.<ref name="GoaKonkaniAkademi">{{cite web|url=http://www.goakonkaniakademi.org/konkaniweb/language-literature.htm |title=Goa Konkani Akademi website |date=1975-02-26 |access-date=2012-08-29 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828171254/http://www.goakonkaniakademi.org/konkaniweb/language-literature.htm |archive-date=28 August 2008 }}</ref> [[Thomas Stephens (Jesuit)|Fr. Thomas Stephens]] made vital contributions to the development of Roman Konkani orthography in the early 1600s. Fr. Eduardo Bruno de Souza launched the first Roman Konkani monthly titled {{Transliteration|kok|Udentechem Salok}} (Lotus of The East) in 1889, in [[Pune]]. He also wrote the first Konkani novel, {{Transliteration|kok|Kristanv Ghorabo}} (Christian Home). [[Shenoi Goembab]] wrote seven Konkani books in the Roman script.<ref name = goanews>{{cite web|url=http://www.goanews.com/shenoi.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828083336/http://www.goanews.com/shenoi.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 August 2008|title=GOANEWS - BY SANDESH PRABHUDESAI|date=28 August 2008|publisher=}}</ref> Konkani literature was dominated by the Roman script before 1961.<ref name="KarthikMalli">{{cite news |last1=Malli |first1=Karthik |title=Romi Konkani: The story of a Goan script, born out of Portuguese influence, which faces possible decline |url=https://www.firstpost.com/living/romi-konkani-the-story-of-a-goan-script-born-out-of-portuguese-influence-which-faces-possible-decline-6510431.html |work=Firstpost |date=28 April 2019}}</ref> [[Reginaldo (Reginald) Fernandes|Reginaldo Fernandes]] (1914–1994) wrote over 200 Konkani novels in the Roman script called ''Romanses''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/Reginaldo-Fernandes-A-votary-of-Konkani/articleshow/52737582.cms|title = Reginaldo Fernandes: A votary of Konkani &#124; Goa News - Times of India|website = [[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
Today, Konkani in the Roman script is mainly used by the Christian community because the liturgy of the Catholic Church in Goa is entirely in the Roman script and the work of the [[Archdiocese of Goa and Daman]] is also carried out in the Roman script. However, many writers outside the Christian Community also write in Roman Konkani. Konkani in the Roman script is also used in ''[[tiatr]]''.<br />
<br />
There are a huge number of people who solely or primarily use the Roman script. As a result of the recognition of only the Devanagari script, the rich body of Konkani literature written in the Roman script goes unrecognized, unpromoted and unrewarded. When the [[Sahitya Akademi]] recognized Konkani in 1975 as an independent and literary language, one of the important factors was the well-preserved literary heritage of Roman Konkani.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/Konkani-back-in-script-row/articleshow/22955814.cms|title = Konkani back in script row &#124; Goa News - Times of India|website = [[The Times of India]]}}</ref> After Konkani in the Devanagari script was made the official language of Goa in 1987, the Sahitya Akademi supported only writers in the Devanagari script and writers in the Roman script (as also in the Kannada script) are not eligible for the [[Sahitya Akademi]] awards and assistance.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/lsquoConsider-Konkani-writers-for-Akademi-awards-irrespective-of-the-script/article16205603.ece|title='Consider Konkani writers for Akademi awards irrespective of the script'|newspaper=The Hindu|date=22 July 2010|publisher=|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Movement for official recognition of Roman Konkani==<br />
[[File:Konkani Roman script.png|thumb|Opening verses in the "[[John 1|Prologue]]" of the [[Gospel of John]] in Roman Konkani. [[Goan Catholics]] employ the [[Latin-script alphabet]] for their religious and secular writings in the Konkani language]]<br />
<br />
Recently, there has been a renewed surge in the support for Roman Konkani and in the demand for official recognition for the Roman script alongside the Devanagari script. Some examples of this are the growing online readership for {{Transliteration|kok|Vauraddeancho Ixtt}}<ref name="VauraddeanchoIxtt">{{cite web|url=http://www.goanews.com/news_disp.php?rnpageno=2&newsid=1060&catid=183 |title='Ixtt' with a new vigour |publisher=Goa News |date= |access-date=2012-08-29}}</ref> and several groups and pages on social networking website [[Facebook]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.facebook.com/Konkani.in.Roman.script?v=info |title=Konkani in the Roman script / Romi Konknni |publisher=Facebook |date=2010-12-25 |access-date=2012-08-29}}</ref> in support of Romi Konkani. The critics of sole recognition of Devanagari script contend that ''Antruz'' dialect is unintelligible to most Goans, let alone other Konkanis, and that Devanagari is used very little as compared to Roman script in Goa or Kannada script in coastal Karnataka<ref name="goacom2049">[http://goanet.org/post.php?name=News&list=goanet&info=2006-June/thread&post_id=044809 ] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724132146/http://goanet.org/post.php?name=News&list=goanet&info=2006-June%2Fthread&post_id=044809 |date=24 July 2011 }}</ref> Prominent among the critics are Konkani Catholics in Goa, who have been at the forefront of the [[Konkani language agitation]] in 1986–1987 and have for long used the Roman script including producing literature in Roman script. They are demanding that Roman script be given equal status to Devanagari.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Goa-group-wants-Konkani-in-Roman-script/articleshow/1644404.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021013210/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-02-20/india/27871957_1_konkani-language-roman-script-official-language-status |url-status=live |archive-date=2012-10-21 |title=Goa group wants Konkani in Roman script |date=2007-02-20 |work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2015-08-12}}</ref> {{Transliteration|kok|Tiatr}} artists and {{Transliteration|kok|tiatr}} aficionados are another group which supports Romi Konkani. It is argued that giving official recognition to Roman Konkani will help strengthen the language by creating an inclusive environment for users of the Roman script and also to the native Christian majority of [[Goans]]. It will avoid people who have difficulty in using the Devanagari script or do not know the Devanagari script from feeling alienated and giving up on the language. Goans who do not know Devanagari are unable to communicate with the state government in their own language and are forced to use English instead, contributing to the decline of Konkani.<ref name="KarthikMalli" /> The Roman script is widely used for Konkani on the internet. It is also the most convenient script for use with computers.<br />
<br />
There have been three state-level literary and cultural conventions of Konkani in the Roman script ({{Transliteration|kok|Romi Lipi Konkani Sahitya ani Sonvskrutik Sommelan}}) held in 2008, February 2010 and February 2011 in Goa.<br />
<br />
However, the criticism against official recognition of Konkani in the Roman script is that having more than one official script for Konkani will lead to fragmentation of the language.<br />
<br />
In January 2013, the [[Bombay High Court#Goa bench|Goa Bench]] of the Bombay High Court issued a notice to the state government on a [[Public Interest Litigation]] filed by the [[Romi Lipi Action Front]] seeking to amend the Official Language Act to grant official language status to Roman Konkani.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/HC-notice-to-govt-on-Romi-script/articleshow/18124209.cms |title=HC notice to govt on Roman script - The Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=2013-01-22 |access-date=2015-08-12}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 2016, the [[Goa Su-Raj Party]] announced in its manifesto for the 2017 assembly elections that it supports official status for Roman Konkani.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.navhindtimes.in/goa-su-raj-party-declares-first-batch-of-poll-candidates/|title=Goa Su Raj Party declares first batch of poll candidates|last=nt|date=5 December 2015|publisher=}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Official responses to the demands===<br />
In September 2008, the advisory board of the Official Language Cell of the Government of Goa recommended the use of Konkani in Roman script in government offices.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-09-27/goa/27901391_1_roman-script-romi-konkani-official-language-act |title=Romi Konkani in offices soon - Times of India |website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2 February 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126140920/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-09-27/goa/27901391_1_roman-script-romi-konkani-official-language-act |archive-date=26 January 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> As per the recommendation, Konkani in the Roman script would be permitted for communication purposes, and government employees may submit applications, appeals or representations and receive orders or notices in Roman script. At present, this is only possible in Konkani in Devanagari script and in Marathi. However, this recommendation has not yet been implemented.<br />
<br />
In August 2012, Chief Minister of Goa, [[Manohar Parrikar]] announced that he would fulfill four demands of the DKA:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.digitalgoa.com/ca_disp.php?id=2122 |title=Goa, Goa Breaking News, Goa Holidays, Goa Centric Portal, Goa Yellow Pages, Explore Goa, Goa News Headlines, Goa News, Goa Current Affairs, Goa Events |publisher=DigitalGoa.com |date= |access-date=2015-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150424125444/http://www.digitalgoa.com/ca_disp.php?id=2122 |archive-date=24 April 2015 |url-status=dead|df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>[http://www.navhindtimes.in/goa-news/cm-promises-fulfil-demands-dka ]{{dead link|date=August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author= |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/Chief-minister-Manohar-Parrikar-assures-boost-to-Romi-Konkani/articleshow/15916934.cms |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126112027/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-08-29/goa/33475259_1_romi-konkani-roman-script-manohar-parrikar |url-status=live |archive-date=2013-01-26 |title=Chief minister Manohar Parrikar assures boost to Roman Konkani |date=2012-08-29 |work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2015-08-12}}</ref><br />
* [[Kala Academy|Goa Kala Academy]] to introduce Roman Konkani as a separate category in its book publishing scheme with a yearly prize for best literature in Roman Konkani at par with Devanagari<br />
* Roman Konkani to be introduced in schools from Std. 1 to 12<br />
* A theater in Panjim exclusively for staging {{Transliteration|kok|tiatrs}}<br />
* Office space for Dalgado Konknni Akademi<br />
<br />
===Organizations===<br />
Some organizations that promote and support Romi Konkani are:<br />
*[[Thomas Stephens Konknni Kendr]]<br />
*[[Dalgado Konkani Academy]]<br />
*[[Goa Konkani Akademi]]<br />
* Fr. Freddy J. Da Costa Memorial trust<br />
* [[Felicio Cardozo]]-che Pattlavdar<br />
<br />
===Publications===<br />
Some periodicals in Konkani written in the Roman script in continuous publication are:<br />
*''[[Dor Mhoineachi Rotti]]'', since 1915<br />
*''[[Vauraddeancho Ixtt]]'', since 1933<br />
*{{Transliteration|kok|Gulab}}, since 1983<br />
<br />
==Letters==<br />
{{Main|Konkani alphabets}}<br />
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;font-size:x-large"<br />
|-<br />
|A<br />
|Ã||B||C<br />
|Ç||D||E<br />
|Ẽ||F||G||H||I<br />
|Ĩ||J||K||L||M||N<br />
|Ñ||O||Õ||P||Q||R||S||T||U||V||W||X||Y||Z<br />
|-<br />
|a<br />
|ã||b||c<br />
|ç||d||e<br />
|ẽ||f||g||h||i<br />
|ĩ||j||k||l||m||n<br />
|ñ||o||õ||p||q||r||s||t||u||v||w||x||y||z<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Literature of Goan Catholics]]<br />
* [[Goan Catholics]]<br />
*[[East Indian language|East Indian dialect]]<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
* {{cite book<br />
|editor=Quadros, Vincy |editor2=Almeida, Menino<br />
|edition= 3rd<br />
|title= Romi Lipint Konknni Borovpiank Ani Vachpiank "SANGATI"<br />
|trans-title= Roman Script Konkani Writer's and Reader's "COMPANION" <br />
|language= gom<br />
|publisher= [[Dalgado Konknni Akademi|Dalgado Konkani Academy]]<br />
|publication-place= [[Panaji|Panjim, Goa]] <br />
|publication-date= 18 July 2020<br />
}}&nbsp;[[Amazon Standard Identification Number|ASIN]] [https://www.amazon.in/s?k=B08LDL2WKM&crid=1H6G7LOMNTYE4&sprefix=b08ldl2wkm%2Caps%2C312&ref=nb_sb_noss B08LDL2WKM].<br />
* {{cite book<br />
|author=Dantas, Isidore |author2=D'Souza, Joel<br />
|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Modern_English_to_Konkani_Dictionary_-_Isidore_Dantas.pdf<br />
|title= Modern English–Konkani Dictionary<br />
|language=en, gom<br />
|publisher= Golden Heart Emporium Books<br />
|location= [[Margao]], [[Goa]] <br />
|orig-date= 1 April 2015<br />
|date= 5 March 2016<br />
|isbn= 978-9384298319<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Commons category}}<br />
{{InterWiki|code=gom}}<br />
*[http://www.tskk.org/ Thomas Stephens Konknni Kendr]<br />
*[http://konkaniakademi.goa.gov.in/ Goa Konkani Akademi (Goa Academy of Letters for Konkani)]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110505222532/http://www.goakonkaniakademi.org/akademi/aims.htm Goa Konkani Akademi]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080419133702/http://www.v-ixtt.com/ Vauraddeancho Ixtt]<br />
<br />
{{Konkani language topics}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Konkani]]<br />
[[Category:Indo-European Latin-script orthographies]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Institute_of_Technology,_Arunachal_Pradesh&diff=462876National Institute of Technology, Arunachal Pradesh2025-12-03T17:53:46Z<p>IBADorris7: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Public engineering institution in India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox university<br />
| name = National Institute of Technology Arunachal Pradesh<br />
| image = National_Institute_of_Technology,_Arunachal_Pradesh_Logo.png<br />
| image_size = 200px<br />
| motto = न हि ज्ञानेन सदृशं पवित्रमिह विद्यते<br />
| mottoeng = Certainly there is no purifier in this world like Knowledge<br />
| established = {{start date and age|2010}}<br />
| type = [[Public university|Public]]<br />
| chairperson = Ramesh Kumar Saraogi<br />
| director = Mohan V. Aware<br />
| city = Jote<br />
| state = [[Arunachal Pradesh]]<br />
| country = India<br />
| campus_type = Rural<br />
| free_label = Acronym<br />
| free = NITAP<br />
| website = {{URL|www.nitap.ac.in/}}<br />
}}<br />
[[File:NIT Arunachal Pradesh Jote.jpg|thumb|250x250px|NIT Arunachal Pradesh (Permanent Campus)]]<br />
'''National Institute of Technology Arunachal Pradesh''' (also known as '''NIT Arunachal Pradesh''' or '''NITAP''') is a public technical and research institute located at Jote near [[Itanagar]], the capital of [[Arunachal Pradesh]]. NIT Arunachal Pradesh is one of the 31 [[National Institutes of Technology]] in [[India]] and is recognized as an [[Institute of National Importance]]. NIT Arunachal Pradesh started its functioning from 2010 in a temporary campus in [[Yupia]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]. The institute presently functions from its permanent Campus at Jote, [[Papum Pare district]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
The Indian government started 14 RECs between 1959 and 1965, at [[Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal|Bhopal]], [[Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad|Allahabad]], [[NIT Calicut|Calicut]], [[National Institute of Technology, Durgapur|Durgapur]], [[National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra|Kurukshetra]], [[National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur|Jamshedpur]], [[Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur|Jaipur]], [[Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology|Nagpur]], [[National Institute of Technology, Rourkela|Rourkela]], [[National Institute of Technology, Srinagar|Srinagar]], [[National Institute of Technology Karnataka|Surathkal]], [[S V National Institute of Technology, Surat|Surat]], [[NIT Trichy|Tiruchirappalli]], and [[National Institute of Technology, Warangal|Warangal]]). It established one in [[National Institute of Technology, Silchar|Silchar]] in 1967 and added two others located at [[National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur|Hamirpur]] in 1986, and [[National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar|Jalandhar]] in 1987.<br />
[[File:20210924 231430 NIT Jote Academic Block.jpg|thumb|BOYS HOSTEL]]<br />
The RECs were jointly operated by the central government and the concerned state government. Non-recurring expenditures and expenditures for post-graduate courses during the REC period were borne by the central government, while recurring expenditure on undergraduate courses was shared equally by central and state governments.<br />
[[File:20210924 NIT Jote Academic Block.jpg|thumb|Girl's Hostel]]<br />
Due to the costs and infrastructure involved in creating the [[Indian Institute of Technology|Indian Institutes of Technology]] (IIT), in 2002 MHRD Minister [[Murli Manohar Joshi]] upgraded RECs to "National Institutes of Technology" (NITs) instead of creating IITs. The central government controls NITs and provides all funding. In 2003, all RECs became NITs.<br />
<br />
The upgrade was designed along the lines of the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) after it was concluded that RECs had potential as proven by the success of their alumni and their contributions in the field of technical education. Subsequently, funding and autonomy for NITs increased. The changes implemented recommendations of the "High Powered Review Committee" (HPRC).<ref><br />
[http://164.100.47.5/book2/reports/HRD/178threport.htm Department-related Parliamentary standing committee on human resource development 178th report on The National Institutes of Technology Bill, 2006"]. Accessed 6 July 2007.</ref> The HPRC, chaired by [[R.A. Mashelkar|Dr. R.A. Mashelkar]], submitted its report entitled "Strategic Road Map for Academic Excellence of Future RECs" in 1998.<br />
<br />
In 2004, MHRD issued NIT status to three more colleges, located at [[National Institute of Technology, Patna|Patna]] (Bihar Engineering College - a 110-year-old college), [[National Institute of Technology, Raipur|Raipur]] (Government Engineering College),<ref name=pibraipurtripura>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2006/may2006/2years_upa_gov_may2006/cab_ccea_2years_upa_gov_may2006.asp |title=Major decisions: cabinet |access-date=2007-07-07 |work=Archive |publisher=Press Information Bureau, Governmenmt of India }}</ref> and [[National Institute of Technology, Agartala|Agartala]] (Tripura Engineering College).<ref name=pibraipurtripura/> Based on the request of state governments and feasibility, future NITs are either converted from existing institutes or can be freshly created. The 21st (and the first brand-new) NIT is planned for Imphal in the north-eastern state of Manipur at an initial cost of Rs. 500 [[crores]]. In 2010, the government announced setting up ten new NITs in the remaining states/territories.<ref><br />
[http://docshare01.docshare.tips/files/28405/284057792.pdf Central Counselling Board ]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ccb.nic.in/ccb2012/Home.htm |title=:: Welcome to Central Counselling Board - 2012 :: |access-date=20 July 2016 |archive-date=15 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915125904/http://ccb.nic.in/ccb2012/Home.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> This would lead to every state in India having its own NIT.<br />
<br />
Union Cabinet has approved 10 new NITs in India. NIT, Arunachal Pradesh is one of those new NITs to be mentored by NIT, Durgapur. The institute presently functions from his permanent Campus at Jote, Papum Pare district of Arunachal Pradesh. Itanagar, the capital of Arunachal Pradesh is situated in the same district. An all-weather road to the other parts of the country connects Jote.<br />
<br />
==Campus==<br />
===Location===<br />
<br />
[[File:NIT Arunachal Pradesh.jpg|thumb|NIT Arunachal Pradesh old temporary campus at Yupia]]<br />
NIT Arunachal Pradesh is located at Jote, 30 kilometers from [[Itanagar]], which is the capital town of Arunachal Pradesh and 360 kilometers from [[Guwahati]]. Jote is surrounded by beautiful green forest and mountains. The picturesque and surrounding of Jote makes it ideal for a noble academic environment.<ref>National Institute of Technology, Arunachal Pradesh</ref><br />
<br />
===Facilities===<br />
The facilities and services that NITAP renders to the students, faculty members and staff make it stand among the top level institutes. The amenities provided to the students make the stay in NITAP a good experience. The presence of basic facilities such as 24 X 7 availability water and electricity and a variety of food for different taste. The institute and hostels are equipped with Wifi and LAN facility.<br />
<br />
NIT Arunachal Pradesh is a fully residential campus. There are two hostels for boys, namely papum boys hostel, Lohit 2 boys hostel dividing Lohit hostel for girls which is the sole hostel for girls in the college. The mess is run privately. Each hostel is under the care hostel warden.<br />
<br />
Only 1 bus is available for travel from hostel to classes.<br />
==Organisation and administration==<br />
===Functioning===<br />
NIT Arunachal is an autonomous technical institute. It functions under the [[Ministry of Education (India)|Ministry of Education]].<br />
<br />
===Administration===<br />
[[File:The Administrative Block.jpg|thumb|The Administrative Block under construction in permanent campus]]<br />
Under the constitution of the National Institutes of Technology Act 2007, the president of India is the visitor to the institute. The authorities of the institute are Board of Governors and the Senate. The board is headed by the chairman, who is appointed by the visitor. The director, who is the secretary of the board, looks after the day-to-day running of the institute. The Board of Governors has nominees of the central government, the state government, the NIT Council and the institute Senate.<br />
<br />
===Departments===<br />
*Department of [[Basic research|Basic]] and [[Applied Science]]<br />
*Department of [[Biotechnology Engineering]]<br />
*Department of [[Chemical Engineering]]<br />
*Department of [[Civil Engineering]]<br />
*Department of [[Computer Science and Engineering]]<br />
*Department of [[Electrical Engineering]]<br />
*Department of [[Electronics and Communication Engineering]]<br />
*Department of [[Mechanical Engineering]]<br />
*Department of [[Management]] and [[Humanities]]<br />
<br />
==Academics==<br />
===Admissions===<br />
Students are taken in for the undergraduate courses through the [[Joint Entrance Examination]] (JEE) conducted by [[National Testing Agency]] (NTA).<br />
<br />
The institute awards B.Tech. degrees in engineering. Admission to the programs is through a Joint Entrance Examination (JEE). NIT-AP follows the reservation policy declared by the Supreme Court of India, by which 27% of seats are reserved for Other Backward Classes (OBCs), 15% for Scheduled Castes (SCs), and 7.5% for Scheduled Tribes (STs). The institute accepts foreign nationals through scholarships awarded by the government of India, and non-resident Indians through an independent scheme known as Direct Admission for Students Abroad (DASA).[9][10]<br />
<br />
The B.Tech. program is a four-year program while the B.Arch. program is five years long. The first year of the B.Tech. program follows a common curriculum.<br />
<br />
Admission to the graduate M.Tech. and PhD courses are primarily based on scores in the GATE exam, conducted by the IITs. Admission to the MS programme is done through the CCMN conducted by the NITs.<br />
<br />
===Rankings===<br />
{{Infobox India university ranking <br />
| type = University and college<br />
<!----------Engineering----------><br />
| NIRF_E_2022 = 126<br />
}}<br />
The [[National Institutional Ranking Framework]] (NIRF) ranked it 171 among engineering colleges in 2022.<ref name=Rankings_NIRF_E_2022 /><br />
<br />
==Student life==<br />
===Cultural events===<br />
ATULYAM is the Annual Cultural Festival of NIT Arunachal Pradesh. The first cultural festival ATULYAM was held on 3–4 October 2013. There are 23 events in eight categories including Flash Mob, theatrics, creat_ev_villaze, Viking zone, rhythm on the floor, literature, sports and Mr. & Ms. Atulyam.<br />
<br />
===Technical Festival ADDOVEDI===<br />
Addovedi is the annual intercollege technical festival organized by the students of NIT Arunachal Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web|last1=addo|first1=vedi|title=addovedi|url=http://www.addovedi.com/home.html|website=Addovedi|access-date=4 December 2015|ref=Addovedi official website}}</ref> It is the first dedicated technical festival organized by a university in Arunachal Pradesh. The third edition of the festival was organized from the 30th to 1 November 2015.<br />
<br />
===Social activity ROSHNI===<br />
Roshni is a social activity for the deprived people of the Arunachal Pradesh. It helps the people of Arunachal Pradesh with social activities, especially in education development and awareness. It is run by the students.<br />
<br />
===Publication===<br />
Dept.of EEE has taken an initiative by publishing the first ever magazine ''Vidyut Sanchaar '[https://www.scribd.com/document/336805862/Vidyut-Sanchaar-Electrical-Electronics-Department-Magazine-April-2014-NIT-Arunachal-Pradesh] of NIT Arunachal Pradesh.<ref>[https://www.scribd.com/document/355100907/Vidyut-Sanchaar-Electrical-Electronics-Department-Magazine-October-2013-NIT-Arunachal-Pradesh-1st-Departmental-Magazine Vidyut sanchaar]</ref>''<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.nitap.ac.in Official website]<br />
*[http://kailashprasad.weebly.com/about-nit-arunachal-pradesh.html About NIT Arunachal Pradesh]<br />
{{National Institutes of Technology}}<br />
{{Education in Arunachal Pradesh}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|27|09|N|93|43|E|type:edu_region:IN-AR|display=title|format=dms}}<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:National Institutes of Technology|National Institute of Technology, Arunachal Pradesh |A]]<br />
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 2010]]<br />
[[Category:Engineering colleges in Arunachal Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:2010 establishments in Arunachal Pradesh]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sindhi_Americans&diff=536004Sindhi Americans2025-10-08T08:55:20Z<p>IBADorris7: creating stub.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Americans of Sindhi birth or descent}}<br />
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2023}}<br />
{{Sindhis}}<br />
<br />
'''Sindhi Americans''' ({{Langx|sd|آمريڪي سنڌي}}) are [[Americans]] or residents of the [[United States]] who are of [[Sindhi people|Sindhi]] descent. They are a subgroup of [[Indian Americans]] and [[Pakistani Americans]].<ref name="Chatterji"/><br />
<br />
==Demographics==<br />
Originating from the [[Sind Province (1936–1955)|Sindh region]] of [[British India]] now in modern-day Pakistan, Sindhi Americans belong to either Hindu or Muslim faith. Some [[Sindhi Hindus|belong to the Hindu faith]], particularly those who [[Sindhis in India|migrated from the Indian Republic]].<ref name="Chatterji"/> In the [[2010 United States census|2010 US Census]], nearly 7,000 individuals reported [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] as their first language.<ref name="census">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/hhes/socdemo/language/data/other/detailed-lang-tables.xls|title=US Census 2010 (see row# 69)|work=U.S. Census Bureau|quote=Table 1. Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over for the United States: 2006-2008}}</ref> The total population of the [[Sindhi diaspora]] in the United States is estimated at over 50,000.<ref>{{cite book|last=Alfonso|first=Carolin|last2=Kokot|first2=Waltraud|last3=Tölölyan|first3=Khachig|title=Diaspora, Identity and Religion: New Directions in Theory and Research|date=2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134390359}}</ref> The community is spread out over various U.S. cities, with sizable populations on the eastern coast.<ref name="WSC"/>[[File:Sindhi USC2000 PHS.svg|thumb|US states with significant Sindhi populations, based on the [[2000 United States census|2000 Census]].|left]]<br />
<br />
==Culture==<br />
[[List of Sindhi festivals|Sindhi festivals]] such as [[Cheti Chand]] are celebrated each year with much fanfare.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagosindhis.com/chetichand/|title=Cheti Chand Celebrations April 2nd, 2016|work=Sindhi Association of Metropolitan Chicago|access-date=3 August 2016}}</ref> The American Institute of Sindhulogy (AIS) is a non-profit institute of [[Sindhology]] in the U.S., dedicated to researching the history and cultural heritage of Sindh as well as its ancient [[Indus Valley Civilisation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sindhulogy.org/|title=Homepage|work=American Institute of Sindhulogy|access-date=12 May 2014}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Organizations and politics==<br />
Sindhi Americans are socially and politically active, having formed numerous community and political-oriented organizations. They maintain interest in domestic American politics, as well as [[Government of Sindh|Sindhi politics]] and the wider politics of Pakistan.<ref name="Syed">{{cite news|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-118231-Sindhi-organisations-issue-10-point-declaration-in-US|title=Sindhi organisations issue 10-point declaration in US|work=The News International|date=3 July 2012|access-date=11 May 2014|first=Wajid Ali|last=Syed}}</ref> The [[Pakistan Peoples Party]] has a local chapter in the U.S., in which many Sindhis are involved.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pppusa.org/|title=Welcome to Pakistan Peoples Party USA Official Web Site|work=Pakistan Peoples Party (USA)|access-date=12 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pppusa.info/index.html|title=The Official Website of Pakistan Peoples Party - USA|work=Pakistan Peoples Party (USA)|access-date=12 May 2014}}</ref> The [[World Sindhi Institute]] is a human rights organization founded in 1997 and is based in Washington, D.C.<ref name="Syed"/> The [[World Sindhi Congress]] (WSC) has a U.S. chapter which participates in human rights advocacy and the promotion of Sindhi political interests among the diaspora.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ghosh|first=Papiya|title=Partition and the South Asian Diaspora: Extending the Subcontinent|date=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317809661|page=111}}</ref> G. M. Syed Memorial Committee is a group based in [[Houston]], which promotes the ideology of Sindhi nationalist leader [[G.M. Syed]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gmsyed.org./|title=Work & Life of G. M. Syed|work=GMSyed.org|access-date=12 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="WSC">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldsindhicongress.org/2011/01/hundreds-of-sindhi-americans-gathered-in-houston-to-pay-tribute-to-their-national-leader/|title=Hundreds of Sindhi-Americans Gathered in Houston to Pay Tribute to Their National Leader|work=World Sindhi Congress|date=17 January 2011|access-date=12 May 2014}}</ref> There are also [[United States Congress|Congress]]-focused lobbying groups such as the Sindhi American Political Action Committee (SAPAC),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sindhipac.org/ |title=Homepage (archived from Wayback) |work=SAPAC |access-date=11 May 2014 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103115718/http://sindhipac.org/ |archive-date=3 January 2014 }}</ref> and the Sindh Monitor.<ref name="Chatterji">{{cite book|last=Chatterji|first=Joya|last2=Washbrook|first2=David|title=Routledge Handbook of the South Asian Diaspora|date=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136018244}}</ref><br />
<br />
In addition, there are multiple community organizations and associations. The Sindhi Association of North America (SANA) is one of the largest societies of Sindhis residing in [[North America]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sanalist.org/sana/newsite/|title=Welcome to Sindhi Association of North America|work=SANALIST|access-date=11 May 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100711065104/http://www.sanalist.org/sana/newsite/|archive-date=11 July 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sanaweb.org/|title=Home|work=SANA|access-date=11 May 2014}}</ref> Other Sindhi associations include the American British Sindhi Medical Network (ABSMN),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.absmn.net/|title=Home|work=American British Sindhi Medical Network|access-date=12 May 2014}}</ref> and the Alliance of Sindhi Associations of Americas which consists of various state-based associations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sindhisammelan.com/|title=Homepage|work=Global Sindhi Association|access-date=3 August 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Notable people==<br />
{{Americans}}<br />
<br />
===Indian-origin Sindhi American===<br />
* [[Sabeer Bhatia]], entrepreneur and founder of Hotmail<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/tarun-sakhrani/the-sindhis-of-sindh_b_8894284.html|title=The Sindhis of Sindh And Beyond|work=Huffington Post|date=4 January 2016|access-date=9 August 2016|first=Tarun|last=Sakhrani}}</ref><br />
* [[Neeraj Khemlani]], journalist<br />
* [[Raj Kiran (actor)|Raj Kiran Mehtani]], Bollywood actor<br />
* [[Rajesh Mirchandani]], television journalist<br />
* [[Rajeev Motwani]], computer scientist<br />
* [[Ramesh Balwani]], former president and COO of [[Theranos]]<br />
* [[Reshma Kewalramani]], chief executive officer of [[Vertex Pharmaceuticals]]<br />
* [[Sachal Vasandani]], jazz singer<br />
* [[Sanjay Gupta]], neurosurgeon and medical journalist <br />
* [[Reetika Vazirani]], poet and educator<br />
* [[Umesh Vazirani]], computer scientist<br />
* [[Vijay Vazirani]], computer scientist<br />
* [[Richa Moorjani]], actress<br />
* [[Ashish Vaswani]], computer scientist and artificial intelligence researcher, first author of the paper ''[[Attention Is All You Need]]'' that introduced the [[Transformer (machine learning model)|Transformer]] architecture, foundational to modern large language models<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02021-w|title=Ashish Vaswani and the birth of Transformers|work=Nature|date=5 July 2023|access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Pakistan-origin Sindhi American===<br />
* [[Ali S. Asani]], academic<br />
* [[Abdul-Majid Bhurgri]], computer scientist<br />
* [[Iqbal Theba]], actor<br />
* [[Kumail Nanjiani]], actor and stand-up comedian<br />
* [[Safdar Sarki]], political activist<br />
* [[Gul Agha (computer scientist)|Gul Agha]], computer scientist<br />
* [[Somy Ali]], actress and activist<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
{{Portal|Pakistan|India|United States}}<br />
* [[Asian Americans]]<br />
* [[Pakistani Americans]]<br />
** [[Baloch Americans]]<br />
** [[Pashtun Americans]]<br />
** [[Punjabi Americans]]<br />
* [[Indian Americans]]<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{notelist-lg}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
<br />
{{Sindhi diaspora}}<br />
{{Indian diaspora}}<br />
{{Overseas Pakistani}}<br />
{{Asian Americans}}<br />
{{Demographics of the United States}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Sindhi diaspora in the United States| ]]<br />
[[Category:Asian diaspora in the United States]]<br />
[[Category:Indian diaspora in the United States]]<br />
[[Category:Pakistani diaspora in the United States]]<br />
[[Category:Sindhi diaspora|Americans]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panjapatti_Lake&diff=524207Panjapatti Lake2025-09-28T16:52:16Z<p>IBADorris7: started the article from scratch - done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Lake in Tamil Nadu, India}}<br />
{{orphan|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2025}}<br />
'''Panjapatti Lake''' is located in the [[Karur]] district of [[Tamil Nadu]], India. Spanning 1,300 acres, this lake was constructed during British colonial rule in 1837.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Team |first1=Simplicity News |url=https://simplicity.in/coimbatore/english/news/87923/researcher-undertakes-study-to-compare-status-of-coimbatores-water-bodies-from-british-era-here-are-the-highlights|title=Researcher undertakes study to compare status of Coimbatore's water bodies from British era|publisher=Simplicity|date=2023}}</ref> <br />
<br />
Panjapatti Lake, situated in the Krishnarayapuram region, is the third largest lake in Tamil Nadu, following [[Veeranam]] and Kaveripakkam lakes. It has a storage capacity of 1.8 TMC (thousand million cubic feet), which surpasses the storage capacity of the nearby Mayanur Barrage, and it has the potential to irrigate approximately 40,000 acres of farmland.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2019/Sep/26/this-sprawling-1000-acre-lake-third-largest-in-tamil-nadu-has-been-dry-for-over-15-years-2039393.html|title=This sprawling 1,000-acre lake, third-largest in Tamil Nadu, has been dry for over 15 years|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
The water feeding into Panjapatti Lake originates from the hilly regions of Kadavur and flows through several villages, including Palaviduthi, Tharagampatti, and P.udayapatty, filling around 24 lakes and 124 ponds (including udayapatty lake) along its route. The surplus water eventually reaches Panjapatti Lake at the tail end. When the lake fills to capacity, any excess water flows through the southern aqueduct and merges with the [[Kaveri|Cauvery River]] near Kudamuruti in Trichy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2021/Apr/15/mission-impossible-panjapatti-lake-waiting-to-get-filled-for-years-2290263.html|title=Mission Impossible: Panjapatti Lake waiting to get filled for years|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2021}}</ref><br />
<br />
Historically, more than 30,000 acres of farmland across 25 villages, including Velliyanai, Metupatti, Panjapatti, Tharasampatti, Kadavur, and others, relied on Panjapatti Lake for irrigation and drinking water. Until 2001, the lake was a vital water source for these communities. However, since then, the lake has gone dry due to the encroachment of ''seemai karuvelam'' (''[[Prosopis juliflora]]'') trees and a significant reduction in rainfall.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vikatan.com/government-and-politics/karur-panjapatti-lake|title=Karur Panjapatti Lake - A dried reservoir awaiting revival|publisher=Vikatan|date=2021}}</ref><br />
<br />
In recent years, the local farming community and residents have urged the district administration to channel water from the Mayanur Barrage, which is just 15 kilometers away, into the lake via pipelines or pumping stations. However, officials have stated that this plan is not feasible due to the lake's higher elevation (27 meters above ground level) compared to the barrage.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2021/Apr/15/mission-impossible-panjapatti-lake-waiting-to-get-filled-for-years-2290263.html|title=Mission Impossible: Panjapatti Lake waiting to get filled for years|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2021}}</ref><br />
<br />
During the tenure of former Chief Minister K. [[Kamaraj]], a proposal was made to divert water from the Jotharpalayam Cauvery River to Panjapatti Lake. Unfortunately, this plan was never implemented and remained on paper.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vikatan.com/government-and-politics/karur-panjapatti-lake|title=Karur Panjapatti Lake - A dried reservoir awaiting revival|publisher=Vikatan|date=2021}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|10|49|21|N|78|17|19|E|type:waterbody_region:IN|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Lakes of Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:Karur]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ichhapyaari_Naagin&diff=503641Ichhapyaari Naagin2025-08-31T13:12:16Z<p>IBADorris7: New some details with sources</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use Indian English|date=May 2017}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox television<br />
| image = Icchapyari Naagin by SABTV India.jpeg<br />
| caption = <br />
| genre = [[Drama]]<br>[[Comedy]]<br>[[Fantasy]]<br />
| director = [[Santram Varma]]<br>[[Rajan Waghdhare]]<br />
| creative_director =<br />
| presenter = <br />
| starring = [[Priyal Gor]]<br>[[Mishkat Varma]]<br />
| theme_music_composer = <br />
| open_theme = <br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Hindi<br />
| num_seasons = 1<br />
| num_episodes = 205<br />
| producer = [[Siddharth P Malhotra]]<br />
| location = [[Mumbai]], [[India]]<br />
| cinematography = <br />
| camera = [[Multi-camera]]<br />
| runtime = Approx. 20 minutes<br />
| company = [[Alchemy Films Pvt. Ltd.]]<br />
| first_aired = {{Start date|2016|9|27|df=y}}<br />
| last_aired = {{end date|2017|7|10|df=y}}<ref name=":0" /><br />
| network = [[SAB TV]] <br />
}}<br />
'''''Ichhapyaari Naagin''''' ({{Translation|''Beloved Desire-Serpent''}}) is an [[India]]n Hindi-language [[fantasy]] [[comedy]] television series aired on [[Sony SAB]] TV. The series premiered on 27 September 2016 and went off air on 10 July 2017.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/ichhapyaari-naagin-all-set-to-go-off-air-wraps-up-shoot/articleshow/59513281.cms|title='Ichhapyaari Naagin' all set to go off-air; wraps up shoot - Times of India|work=The Times of India|access-date=2017-07-18}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!--Note: per WP:TVPLOT, please keep this section under 500 words and stay focused on the general shape of the series, not on episodic twists.--><br />
''Ichhapyaari Naagin'' is set in a land called "''Naagistan''", where many ''Ichhadhaari Naags and Naagins'' live. They are nice and some hardly get vicious. One day while watching a TV show, they realize that humans have created a negative image in their minds about snakes and decide to come up with a way to change these perceptions about them. While Chirmiri plans to threaten humans, Ichha believes that perhaps, there might be a more peaceful way to go about with this and comes to earth to change their perceptions. She appears in a temple, before a pandit who worships snake deities and he tells her about the Pratap Family; a simple and loving Pehalwaan family. She befriends Appu who knows about her secret but problems arise when she falls in love with Babbal and must hide her true identity from him.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/tough-times-ahead-for-ichha-in-ichhapyaari-naagin/articleshow/58276781.cms|title=Tough times ahead for Ichha in Ichhapyaari Naagin|newspaper=The Times of India |date=20 April 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
Meanwhile, Chirmiri who's jealous of Ichha attempts to sabotage her mission on various occasions but fails each time. On the other hand, Vishaili, an evil snake of ''"Vishailgarh"'', who lost one of her family members because of Daadi's son, Shankar, vows to kill each and every member of his family and has since kidnapped him and held him hostage to find about the whereabouts of his family. During the Diwali celebration, rivals from the neighbourhood place a bomb in the cracker box at the ''"Pratap House"''. Appu unknowingly lights the bomb thinking it's a firecracker and it explodes. Babbal saves Appu but gets severely injured and eventually breathes his last. To bring Babbal back to life, Ichha performs a puja called ''"Sanjhapratyarpan"'' where she gives half her life to Babbal.<br />
<br />
Vishaili finally locates ''"Pratap House"'' and arrives as Amrita, a film maker to make a film on Pehelwaans. She claims to know Shankar and Daadi allows her to stay at their place. Vishaili finds out Ichha an ''Ichhadhaari Naagin'' is protecting the Pratap family and is determined to find the way to ''Naagistaan'' to destroy it as well. She then attacks the family with the help of Budhiraj, a shape shifting bee and then Aagvansh, a shape shifting fiery eagle but Ichha thwarts her every move. Ichha eventually finds out that Vishaili is the Vishailgarh naagin who was trying to destroy the Pehelwaan family then she threatens her that she is going to destroy the Pratap family and take her revenge from the family.<br />
<br />
Babbal realizes his love for Ichha and tries professing his love on various occasions but she ignores him as she promised her mother to stay away from him. After many failed attempts, Babbal decides to make Ichha jealous by flirting with Amrita. Amrita falls for Babbal and it creates a rift between Iccha and Babbal. Prabal who can now read women's minds, mistakes Amrita to be in love with Babbal and informs Daadi who plans to get them married. However, Vishnaini, Vishaili 's sister and Queen of Vishailgarh allows this on the condition that Babbal be turned into a snake through a process called ''Naag-Atmikaran.'' Ichha interrupts the process causing Babbal to be hypnotised by Vishaili. Vishnaini arrives at ''Pratap House'' as Vishaili's mother to make sure everything goes according to their plan. Meanwhile, Ichha enters ''Vishailgarh'' and fetches a diamond which causes the ''Vishailgarh Sisters'' to take their snake form during Babbal and Vishaili's wedding and they escape soon afterward. Ichha finds out that she was born as a human and the former queen of Vishailgarh turned her into a naagin so Sipili and Sheshu had to save her. Ichha gets permission to marry Babbal and then she confesses her love to him. Ichha and Babbal finally get married after they defeat Vishali and Vishnaini.<br />
<br />
Ichha had to defeat Sursuri a naagin who was jealous because Ichha married a human and who was creating trouble between Ichha and Babbal. Babbal eventually finds out that Ichha is a naagin but then eventually accepts her because she has saved his life during the Diwali incident. After the whole family finds out that Ichha is a naagin, Daadi get very furious and decides to kick her out of the house. Chanchal was very mad at Ichha but then Sipili tells her that Ichha saved her son from dying. Just before Ichha was leaving the house, Lord Shiva comes to the house and tells them that Ichha is a good naagin and she just came on Earth to change people's negative perception on snakes. The whole family then accepts Ichha with their perception about snakes being harmful changes and the series ends.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
===Main cast===<br />
* [[Priyal Gor]] as Ichha (Naagin) / Ichha Babbal Pratap (Babbal's wife)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abplive.in/television/priyal-gors-look-revealed-for-icchapyari-naagin-397532|title=Leads of the show |newspaper=[[ABP News]]|date=13 August 2016|accessdate=26 October 2016}}</ref> <br />
* [[Mishkat Varma]] as Babbal Khadak Pratap, Sabbal and Prabbal's brother (Ichha's husband)<br />
<br />
===Recurring cast===<br />
* [[Baby Farida|Farida Dadi]] as Daadi Kaushalya Pratap (Prabbal, Sabbal, Babbal's grandmother)<br />
* [[Badrul Islam]] as Khadak Pratap (Babbal's father)<br />
* [[Sheela Sharma]] as Chanchal Khadak Pratap (Babbal's mother)<br />
* [[Praveen Sirohi]] as Prabal Khadak Pratap (Babbal's first elder brother)<br />
* [[Pooja Khatri]] as Mamta Prabal Pratap (Prabal's wife)<br />
* [[Rakshit Pant]] as Sabal Khadak Pratap (Babbal's second elder brother)<br />
* [[Sadhil Kapoor]] as Appu Prabal Pratap (Prabal and Mamta's son)<br />
* Jiten Mukhi as Sheshu, Ichha's foster father (Naag)<br />
* Anjali Gupta as Sipli, Ichha's foster mother (Naagin)<br />
* [[Jazz Sodhi]] as Sursuri (Naagin)<br />
* [[Agast Anand]] as Mukhya Ji, Naagistaan's Head (Naag)<br />
* [[Sanatan Bajaj]] as Waku / Nagu (Naag)<br />
* [[Hempushpak Arora]] as Guruji (Naag)<br />
* [[Aakash Talwar]] as Mayuresh (shape-changing peacock)<br />
* [[Amit Dolawat]] as Makraant (shape-changing spider)<br />
* [[Reyhna Malhotra]] as Vishali / Amrita (Revengeful Naagin)<br />
* [[Budhiraj]] (shape-changing bee)<br />
* [[Aagvansh]] (shape-changing eagle)<br />
* [[Rohini (Indian actor)|Rohini]] (evil shape-changing squirrel)<br />
* [[Ella (Indian actor)|Ella]] (shape changing squirrel)<br />
* [[Sonia Singh]] as Vishnaini (Naagin)/ Vishaili's elder sister/ Queen of Vishailgarh<br />
* [[Snehal Rai]] as Naagina (Sabal's ex-fiancé)<br />
* Shivani Manchanda as Naaganjana Devi (a snake-charmer)<br />
* [[Poorti Arya]]<br />
* [[Ritesh Deshmukh]] in Special Appearance<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb title|tt9915822}}<br />
* [https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/icchapyaari-naagin-1700000156 Ichhapyaari Naagin] on [[SonyLIV]]<br />
<br />
{{SAB TV Programmes}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Icchapyari Naagin}}<br />
[[Category:2016 Indian television series debuts]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]<br />
[[Category:Indian television soap operas]]<br />
[[Category:Indian drama television series]]<br />
[[Category:Indian fantasy television series]]<br />
[[Category:Sony SAB original programming]]<br />
[[Category:2017 Indian television series endings]]<br />
[[Category:Television series about snakes]]<br />
[[Category:Television series about shapeshifting]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mehmuana&diff=517304Mehmuana2025-08-13T21:38:01Z<p>IBADorris7: created info</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Village in Faridkot, Punjab, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox settlement<br />
| name = Mehmuana<br />
| other_name = ਮਹਿਮੂਆਣਾ<br />
| settlement_type = Village<br />
| image_alt = <br />
| image_caption = <br />
| nickname = <br />
| pushpin_map = <!--India Punjab--><br />
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India<br />
| pushpin_label_position = right<br />
| coordinates = {{Coord|30.696269956192957|74.6409642870438|display=inline,title}}<br />
| subdivision_type = Country<br />
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br />
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br />
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab]]<br />
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Faridkot district|Faridkot]]<br />
| government_type = Sarpanch<br />
| governing_body = Gram panchayat<br />
| unit_pref = Metric<br />
| population_total = 2729<br />
| population_as_of = 2011<br />
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Census of India 2011 (Punjab) |url=https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3ca9c267dad0305d1a6308d2a0cf1c39c/uploads/2016/09/2018052293.pdf |website=cdn.s3waas.gov.in |page=50}}</ref><br />
| population_density_km2 = auto<br />
| demographics_type1 = Languages<br />
| demographics1_title1 = Official<br />
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| utc_offset1 = +5:30<br />
| postal_code = 151203<br />
| registration_plate = <br />
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city<br />
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Faridkot, India]]<br />
| website = <br />
| demographics1_info1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<br />
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Gram panchayat]]<br />
}}'''Mehmuana''' ([[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: ਮਹਿਮੂਆਣਾ) is a village located in [[Faridkot district]] of [[Punjab]] State.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mehmuana · Punjab 151212, India |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Mehmuana,+Punjab+151212/@30.696944,74.6305413,15.33z/data=!4m15!1m8!3m7!1s0x39175f7880181551:0xe929b4d3edec8ff0!2sMehmuana,+Punjab+151212!3b1!8m2!3d30.6958632!4d74.6415071!16s/g/1v_vr953!3m5!1s0x39175f7880181551:0xe929b4d3edec8ff0!8m2!3d30.6958632!4d74.6415071!16s/g/1v_vr953?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDYxMS4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw== |access-date=2025-06-15 |website=Mehmuana · Punjab 151212, India |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Demographics ==<br />
The Village has a population of 2729 of which 1437 are males while 1292 are females as per the population census of 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mehmuana Village Population - Faridkot - Faridkot, Punjab |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/35526-mehmuana-punjab.html |access-date=2025-06-15 |website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref> The total geographical area of the village is about 912 hectares with 523 number of households.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Directorate of census operations Punjab |first=District Census Handbook |title=Census of India 2011 |url=https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3ca9c267dad0305d1a6308d2a0cf1c39c/uploads/2016/09/2018052293.pdf |website= |page=50}}</ref> The postal code of the village is 151203.<ref>{{Cite web |title=GPS MEHMUANA {{!}} District Faridkot,Governmnet of Punjab {{!}} India |url=https://faridkot.nic.in/public-utility/gps-mehmuana/ |access-date=2025-06-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> <br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references />{{PunjabIN-geo-stub}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Villages in Faridkot district]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=ICL_Fincorp&diff=503409ICL Fincorp2025-07-18T12:29:06Z<p>IBADorris7: New new data w/ infobox</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Indian non-banking financial company}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox company<br />
| name = ICL Fincorp<br />
| logo = ICL_Fincorp_Logo.svg<br />
| industry = [[Non-banking financial company]]<br />
| founded = 1991<br />
| founder = Adv K G Anilkumar<br />
| hq_location = [[Irinjalakuda]], [[Thrissur]], [[Kerala]], India<br />
| key_people = Adv K G Anilkumar {{small|(CMD)}} <br> Uma Anilkumar {{small|(Whole time director & CEO)}}<br />
| services = {{Bulleted_list|[[Gold Loans]]|[[Home insurance]]|[[Vehicle Loan]]}}<br />
| website = https://www.iclfincorp.com/<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''ICL Fincorp Ltd''' is an Indian [[Non-bank financial institution|non-banking financial company]] headquartered in [[Irinjalakuda]], Thrissur, Kerala. Established in 1991 as Irinjalakuda Credits & Leasing Company,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-11-05 |title=ICL Fincorp to acquire Salem Erode Investments |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/icl-fincorp-to-acquire-salem-erode-investments/articleshow/71925611.cms |access-date=2025-02-15 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> ICL Fincorp has 350+ branches spanning Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, and Odisha.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-30 |title=ICL Fincorp expands in Mumbai with five new branches and a regional office: Initiating the first step of larger expansion |url=https://www.etnownews.com/companies/icl-fincorp-expands-in-mumbai-with-five-new-branches-and-a-regional-office-initiating-the-first-step-of-larger-expansion-article-104072305/amp |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=ET Now |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
Founded by K. G. Anil Kumar, Chairman and Managing Director, along with Uma Anilkumar, CEO & Whole-time Director in 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-02 |title=ICL ഫിൻകോർപ്പ് കോർപ്പറേറ്റ് ഓഫീസ് ഉദ്ഘാടനം ഒക്ടോബർ 5ന് തൃശ്ശൂർ ഇരിങ്ങാലക്കുടയിൽ |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/localnews/icl-fincorp-marketing-feature-1.7925063 |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref> Major services are gold loans, business loans, vehicle loans, and insurance. In FY 2019–2020, ICL Fincorp acquired Salem Erode Investments, a BSE-listed company, by holding 74.27% stake in the promoter group of the company.<ref>{{Cite news |title=ICL Fincorp to acquire Salem Erode Investments Ltd |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/icl-fincorp-to-acquire-salem-erode-investments-ltd-119110501469_1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120131936/https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/icl-fincorp-to-acquire-salem-erode-investments-ltd-119110501469_1.html |archive-date=20 November 2019 |access-date=2025-02-15 |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
Dr. M. N. Gunavardhan, former Alappuzha district collector, and Dr. Rajashree Ajith, former director of KTDC, have joined as directors of ICL Fincorp.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ലേഖകൻ |first=സ്വന്തം |date=2024-07-27 |title=ഐ.സി.എല്. ഫിന്കോര്പ്പിന്റെ പുതിയ ഡയറക്ടര്മാരായി ഡോ. രാജശ്രീ അജിത്തും, ഡോ. എം.എന്.ഗുണവര്ധനും |url=https://www.manoramanews.com/business/latest/2024/07/27/new-directots-for-icl-fincorp.html |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=Manoramanews |language=en-US}}</ref> Megastar [[Mammootty]] and Miss [[Samantha Ruth Prabhu|Samantha]] are the brand ambassadors of ICL Fincorp.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICL ഫിൻകോർപ്പിൻ്റെ ബ്രാൻഡ് അംബാസഡർമാരായി മമ്മൂട്ടി, സാമന്ത |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/news-money/icl-fincorp-brand-ambassadors-mammootty-and-samantha-sanb09 |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=Asianet News Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
[[Category:Financial services companies in Thrissur]]<br />
[[Category:Companies based in Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1991]]<br />
[[Category:Companies based in Thrissur]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Building_Blocks_of_Bharat&diff=469083Building Blocks of Bharat2025-06-11T18:39:12Z<p>IBADorris7: small changes</p>
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<div>{{Short description|TV series in India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}<br />
{{italic title}}<br />
'''''Building blocks of Bharat''''' is a television series produced by [[Vigyan Prasar]] and telecast on a number of channels including [[Rajya Sabha TV]] in India. This 13-part series which focuses on India's architectural marvels from ancient, medieval to the designing of [[Lutyens' Delhi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Evolution of the Settlements - Building Blocks of Bharat Series (E) |url=http://indiascience.dst.gov.in/videos/evolution-of-the-settlements-building-blocks-of-bharat-series-e |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=India Science}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Urunkar |first=Salil |date=25 September 2021 |title=Bits’n’bytes: Know about business events in Pune |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/pune-news/bitsnbytes-know-about-business-events-in-pune-101632568576817.html |access-date=11 June 2025 |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><br />
<br />
This series takes the viewer across India through the eyes of its anchor, Arjun Bhagat, who is a journalist and amateur history and science buff. The series covers over 70 major monuments many of them [[List of World Heritage Sites in India|World Heritage Sites]]. The show focuses on understanding India's architectural skills through the ages and the in-depth knowledge of the builders be it climatic conditions, the terrain, tools and material they used to create what are some of the most sophisticated architectural monuments and engineering skills on planet earth. The series is directed by Arjun Bhagat and Radhika Chandrashekar.<br />
<br />
And the series is by IMAK News & Entertainment Private Limited for Vigyan Prasar.<br />
<br />
== Episodes ==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%"<br />
|-<br />
! Episode number !! Title<br />
|-<br />
| 1 || Settling in – The evolution of settlement<ref name=":0" /><br />
|-<br />
| 2 || The Indus angle – The science of Harappan cities<br />
|-<br />
| 3 || Ancient Hydrology- Interesting water structures & the science behind them<br />
|-<br />
| 4 || Going with the flow- A further exploration of water structures in ancient India<br />
|-<br />
| 5 || The Brick Angle- The evolution and use of bricks in India<br />
|-<br />
| 6 || Set in Stone- Stone structures across different periods of Indian history<br />
|-<br />
| 7 || Touch Wood- Exploring wood structures in India<br />
|-<br />
| 8 || Holding Fort- Forts and the science behind a fortification<br />
|-<br />
| 9 ||Different Temples Styles and the Science that powered them<br />
|-<br />
| 10 || Doors, Domes & other details – The evolution of a range of details like the arch and the dome<br />
|-<br />
| 11 || Description: Sounding it out- The acoustics in a range of Indian monuments<ref>https://indiascience.dst.gov.in/videos/sounding-it-out-building-blocks-of-bharat-series-e-1</ref><br />
|-<br />
|12 || Form, Patterns and Design – Interesting scientific nuances that power architecture<br />
|-<br />
|13 || Reach for the Stars- Ancient India's understanding of Astronomy<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /><br />
==External links==<br />
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhhnNYrOoQA First episode]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Architecture in India]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{India-tv-prog-stub}}</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bheru_Singh_Chouhan&diff=491129Bheru Singh Chouhan2025-06-10T16:34:59Z<p>IBADorris7: </p>
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<div>{{Short description|Indian Nirgun devotional singer and Padma Shri awardee}}<br />
<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Bheru Singh Chouhan<br />
| image = <!-- Add image if available --><br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_place = Malwa region, Madhya Pradesh, India<br />
| occupation = Folk singer<br />
| known_for = * Nirgun devotional music, <br />
* Kabir bhajans<br />
| awards = [[Padma Shri]] (2025)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Bheru Singh Chouhan''' is an Indian folk singer from the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh. He is known for performing Nirgun devotional music and traditional Kabir bhajans. In 2025, he was awarded the [[Padma Shri]], India’s fourth-highest civilian honor, for his contributions to the field of art.<ref name="padma2025">{{Cite web |title=Padma Awards 2025 |url=https://www.padmaawards.gov.in/Document/pdf/notifications/PadmaAwards/2025.pdf |website=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |access-date=10 June 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
Chouhan has been active in preserving the oral traditions of Malwi folk music, with a focus on Nirgun bhakti—a form of spiritual poetry that emphasizes formless devotion. His performances are primarily centered around the verses of the 15th-century mystic poet [[Kabir]], and have been featured at regional and religious gatherings in Madhya Pradesh.<ref name="NBT">{{Cite news |title=Padma Award 2025: मालवा के निर्गुण भजन गायक भैरू सिंह चौहान को मिला पद्मश्री |url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/madhya-pradesh/indore/padma-award-2025-announced-who-is-nirgun-devotional-singer-bheru-singh-chouhan-from-malwa-awarded-padma-shri/articleshow/117560407.cms |work=Navbharat Times |date=26 January 2025 |access-date=10 June 2025 |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="FPJ">{{Cite news |title=Five from Madhya Pradesh feted with Padma Shri Award 2025 |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/bhopal/five-from-madhya-pradesh-feted-with-padma-shri-award-2025 |work=Free Press Journal |date=26 January 2025 |access-date=10 June 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Recognition ==<br />
In January 2025, the Government of India conferred the Padma Shri on Chouhan for his contributions to folk music.<ref name="Swadesh">{{Cite news |title=5 people including Bheru Singh Chauhan and Sally Holkar got Padma Shri Award |url=https://www.swadeshnews.in/state/madhya-pradesh/-5-people-including-bheru-singh-chauhan-and-sally-holkar-got-padma-shri-award-939686 |work=Swadesh News |date=26 January 2025 |access-date=10 June 2025}}</ref><ref name="HT">{{Cite news |title=Padma Awards 2025 list: Fruit farmer, Kuwaiti yoga practitioner, travel bloggers among Padma Shri awardees |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/padma-awards-2025-list-fruit-farmer-kuwaiti-yoga-practitioner-travel-bloggers-among-padma-shri-awardees-101737812861487.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=25 January 2025 |access-date=10 June 2025}}</ref><ref name="ABP">{{Cite news |title=MP Padma Awards 2025: Winners include Bheru Singh Chauhan, Sally Holkar |url=https://www.abplive.com/states/madhya-pradesh/mp-padma-awards-2025-winners-list-bheru-singh-chauhan-sally-holkar-jagdish-joshila-ann-2870575 |work=ABP Live |date=25 January 2025 |access-date=10 June 2025}}</ref><ref name="AmarUjala">{{Cite news |title=Indore News: Mhow's Bheru Singh Chouhan awarded Padma Shri |url=https://www.amarujala.com/madhya-pradesh/indore/indore-news-mhow-bheru-sing-chouhan-padma-shri-award-2025-2025-01-25 |work=Amar Ujala |date=25 January 2025 |access-date=10 June 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Kabir]]<br />
* [[Padma Shri]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chouhan, Bheru Singh}}<br />
[[Category:Indian male folk singers]]<br />
[[Category:People from Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=George_Watt_(botanist)&diff=500273George Watt (botanist)2025-06-07T17:15:04Z<p>IBADorris7: New!</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Scottish physician and botanist}}<br />
{{Other uses|George Watt (disambiguation)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}<br />
{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}<br />
[[File:George_Watt_RBGE.jpg|thumb|A portrait from the archives of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh]]<br />
Sir '''George Watt''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|CIE|FLS}} (24 April 1851 – 2 April 1930) was a Scottish physician and botanist who worked in India as "Reporter" on economic botany and during the course of his career in India he compiled a major multivolume work, ''The'' ''Dictionary of Economic Products of India'', the last volume of which was published in 1893. An abridged edition of his work was also published as the single volume ''Commercial Products of India'' in 1908. He is honoured in the binomials of several plants named after him.<br />
<br />
==Life and career==<br />
Watt was born in [[Old Meldrum]], Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the third son of John Watt. He was educated at Grammar School, King's College and [[Marischal College|Marischal College, Aberdeen]], and later attended both the [[University of Aberdeen]] and the [[University of Glasgow]]. He received the degrees of [[Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery|M.B.]] and [[Doctor of Medicine|C.M.]] in 1873. He enjoyed teaching and joined the University of Glasgow as a prodissector to the Professor of Anatomy. Around 1864, there was a famine in Orissa and the then Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal, Sir [[George Campbell (1824–1892)|George Campbell]] was firm that agricultural education was key to avoiding similar disasters and following the recommendations of Sir [[John Strachey (civil servant)|John Strachey]]'s Famine Commission, a need to carry out scientific study to improve the food supply in India was noted. In order to fulfil this requirement, and on the recommendation of [[Joseph Dalton Hooker|J.D. Hooker]], he was selected for the post Professor of Botany, at Presidency College, Calcutta University and joined there in 1873–74.<ref name="IndianBio">{{cite IBD1915|wstitle= Watt, Sir George |volume= 24.1 |page= 460 |year=1915|short=}}</ref> He taught for ten years at a college in Hoogly and at the same time began to study the local botany and began to form a private herbarium. He followed a system of numbering specimens in the field with numbered tag labels detached from similarly numbered sheets in the field to avoid mistakes in labelling. In 1879 he travelled around northwest Punjab and he described several new plant species from the [[Chamba, Himachal Pradesh|Chamba]] region.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.1881.tb01260.x|title=Notes on the Vegetation &c. Of Chumba State and British Lahoul; with Descriptions of New Species|journal=Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany|volume=18|issue=111|pages=368–382|year=1881|last1=Watt|first1=George|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1447496}}</ref> In 1881 he was posted as surgeon to the Burma-Manipur Delimitation Commission with special permission to conduct botanical studies during the expedition. On his return he was made in charge of the [[Calcutta International Exhibition]] for 1883–84. Watt organized a 1700-page catalogue for the economic section of the exhibition that was in charge of. Towards the end of the exhibition, the government suggested that the catalogue should be expanded. The expanded version was ready for the [[Colonial and Indian Exhibition]] of London in 1886. This was later to become the first volume of his work and he was made a CIE for his work. On his return to India, he was put in charge of the Indian Museum and appointed Reporter on Economic Products under the Department of Revenue and Agriculture. [[Isaac Henry Burkill]] worked as an assistant reporter. He organized another exhibition for the Delhi Exhibition of Indian Art on 2 January 1902 and published ''Indian Art at Delhi''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/indianartatdelhi00indiuoft|title=Indian art at Delhi, 1903|publisher=Government Press|year=1903|author=Watt, Sir George|place=Calcutta}}</ref> Watt edited the ''Agricultural Ledger'', a government bulletin that collated notes on agricultural products and practices sent by officers posted across India. As an economic botanist, he also published books on cotton<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/wildcultivatedco00watt|title=The wild and cultivated cotton plants of the world. A revision of the genus Gossypium.|publisher=Longmans, Green, and Co.|year=1907|place=London|author=Watt, Sir George}}</ref> and cacao.<ref name=kew /><br />
[[File:Commercial products watt.jpg|thumb|left|Title page of the 1908 ''Commercial Products of India''|alt=Title page of the abridged version of 1908|238x238px]]<br />
During the course of his career in India the positions he was appointed to included special duty in connection with Burma-Manipur Boundary Commission as Medical Officer, 1882; Scientific Assistant Secretary, Government of India, 1881; in charge of the India Section of the Calcutta International Exhibition, 1884; Commissioner, Colonial and Indian Exhibition, London, 1885–86; Reporter to Government of India on Economic Products, 1887–1903; Governor of Imperial Institute, 1892; Editor, The Agricultural Ledger, 1892–1903; President, Pharmacological Section of the Indian Medical Congress, 1894; in charge of Calcutta Industrial Museum, 1894–03; Honorary Secretary, Indigenous Drug Committee of India, 1901; Director, Indian Art Exhibition, Delhi, 1903.<ref name="IndianBio" /><br />
<br />
Aside from work, Watt also took an interest in missionary work in India. In 1873 he married Jane, daughter of Robert Simmie, a customs officer at [[Lossiemouth]]. They had a son and two daughters.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Glasgow Herald |date= 3 April 1930|page=11| title=Sir George Watt. Death of a notable Scotsman.}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Retirement ==<br />
He retired in 1906 and settled in [[Lockerbie, Scotland]]. For five years he lectured on Indian trees to forestry students at Edinburgh University. He also published a taxonomic work on the ''Primulas of India''. In 1912 he made a trip to the island of [[São Tomé]]. In Lockerbie, he served as a County Councillor and as a Justice of Peace. He helped in developing the gardens of the [[The Crichton|Crichton Royal Institution]] at Dumfries. He died at his home in Lockerbie on 2 April 1930.<ref name=kew>{{cite journal|author=Burkill, I.H.|author-link=Isaac Henry Burkill| journal=Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew)| volume=1930|year=1930| issue=7| pages=327–336| jstor=4107653| title=[Obituary] }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Publications ==<br />
[[File:Dictionary of Economic Products.jpg|thumb|Title page of the first volume]]<br />
Watt's first work on the catalogue of the exhibits at the Calcutta International Exhibition was published in 1883 and consisted of four volumes with seven parts in them. The exhibits themselves had been organized by [[Troilokyanath Mukhopadhyay|Trailokhya Nath Mukharji]], a civil servant who later served as a curator of the economic section at the Indian Museum. He was assisted by botanists as well as Indian physicians with a knowledge of medicinal plants including Dr [[Moodeen Sheriff]] of Madras, [[Kanny Lall Dey]] of Calcutta and Dr [[Udoy Chand Dutt]] of Serampore.<br />
* [https://archive.org/stream/economicproduct03wattgoog#page/n5/mode/2up Volume I.] which included:<br />
** Part I. Gums and Resins. <br />
** Part II. Dyes, Tans, and Mordants. <br />
** Part III. Fibers and Fibre-yielding plants. <br />
** Part IV. Oils and Oil seeds, Perfumery, and Soaps. Index.<br />
* [https://archive.org/stream/economicproduct00wattgoog#page/n5/mode/2up Part V. Medicinal Products]<br />
* [https://archive.org/stream/economicproduct05wattgoog#page/n5/mode/2up Part VI. Foods, Food-stuffs, and Fodders]<br />
* [https://archive.org/stream/economicproduct03wattgoog#page/n5/mode/2up Part VII. Timbers]<br />
This was developed further into Watt's ''Dictionary of the Economic Products of India'' published from 1889 to 1893 and projected to be in six volumes but it grew larger and the additions were accommodated by breaking up the last volume into four parts. It is considered by many as the greatest compilation of the commercial plants (and natural products) of [[India]]. Although there were similar subsequent works like the ''Wealth of India'' series, Watt's work continues to be a major source for research.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Watt's Dictionary: A Landmark in the Study of the Economic Plants of India| author=Chakravarthy, R.S.| journal=Economic Botany |volume=29| issue=1 |year=1975| pages=31–38| jstor=4253561 | doi=10.1007/bf02861253| s2cid=12513}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=The Wealth of India - a CSIR's encyclopaedia of information resource on economic plants, animals and minerals| author=Chakre, Onkar J. | journal=Current Science| volume=99| issue=7| year=2010| pages=969–971|url=http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Downloads/article_id_099_07_0969_0971_0.pdf}}</ref> Watt's compilation included descriptions of other natural products such as silk, oysters and minerals. <br />
* [https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfTheEconomicProductsOfIndia1 Volume I. Abaca to Buxus (1889)]<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfTheEconomicProductsOfIndia2 Volume II. Cabbage to Cyperus (1890)]<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfTheEconomicProductsOfIndia3 Volume III. Dacrydium to Gordonia (1890)]<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfTheEconomicProductsOfIndia4 Volume IV. Gossypium to Linociera (1890)]<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfTheEconomicProductsOfIndia5 Volume V. Linum to Oyster (1891)]<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfTheEconomicProductsOfIndia61 Volume VI. Part 1. Pachyrhizus to Rye (1892)]<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfTheEconomicProductsOfIndia62 Volume VI. Part 2. Sabadilla to Silica (1893)]<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfTheEconomicProductsOfIndia63 Volume VI. Part 3. Silk to Tea (1893)]<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfTheEconomicProductsOfIndia64 Volume VI. Part 4. Tectona to Zygophillum and Index (1893)]<br />
Watt's assistant [[Isaac Henry Burkill|I.H. Burkill]], who moved to the Straits Settlement published ''A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula'' in two volumes in 1935. It was broadly modelled on the lines of Watt's work.<ref>{{cite journal|title= Reviewed Work: A Dictionary of the Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula by I. H. Burkill, W. Birtwistle, F. W. Foxworthy, J. B. Scrivenor, J. G. Watson, I. H. Burkhill| author=C.F.S.| journal= Empire Forestry Journal| volume=15| issue=1| year= 1936| pages=139–141 | jstor=42592785 }}</ref><br />
<br />
Watt made a study of tea cultivation in Assam and Kangra and published a report of the pests and diseases affecting it in 1898.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Pests and Blights of the Tea Plant: Being a Report of Investigations conducted in Assam and to some extent also in Kangra| author=Watt, George| year=1898| publisher=Government of India| place= Calcutta |url=https://archive.org/details/pestsandblights00wattgoog}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Awards and honours==<br />
Watt won the [[Daniel Hanbury]] Gold medal in 1901, and was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] in the [[1903 Durbar Honours]].<ref name="IndianBio" /><ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=The Durbar Honours |date=1 January 1903 |page=8 |issue=36966}}</ref> He was also an [[Ordre des Palmes Académiques|Officier d'Academe]]; Corresponding Member of the Royal Horticultural Society: Fellow of the Royal Society, Haarlem; and President of the Richmond Athenæum, 1907.<ref name="IndianBio" /><br />
<br />
A rhododendron (''[[Rhododendron wattii]]'') was named after him by [[John Macqueen Cowan|Cowan]] and an iris (''[[Iris wattii]]'') was named after him by [[Joseph Dalton Hooker]]. ''Eranthemum wattii'' (originally ''Daedalacanthus wattii'') was described and named after him by [[Richard Henry Beddome|R. H. Beddome]]. Other plants named after him include ''[[Clematis wattii]]'' and ''[[Primula wattii]]''.<br />
<br />
{{botanist|G.Watt}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{wikisource|works=or}}<br />
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=George Watt |birth=1851 |death=1930 |sopt=t}}<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050210204421/http://taa.org.uk/TAAScotland/TAAPAPE.htm TAA Scottish Branch Meeting at CTVM]<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060206030612/http://people.aapt.net.au/wildog/rhodotree.html Tree Rhododendrons]<br />
* [http://stories.rbge.org.uk/archives/11686 Sir George Watt (1851-1930)]<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Watt, George}}<br />
[[Category:1851 births]]<br />
[[Category:1930 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Scottish botanists]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Scottish botanists]]<br />
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Aberdeen]]<br />
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Glasgow]]<br />
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Calcutta]]<br />
[[Category:People from Oldmeldrum]]<br />
[[Category:People educated at Aberdeen Grammar School]]<br />
[[Category:Scottish knights]]<br />
[[Category:Fellows of the Linnean Society of London]]<br />
[[Category:Scottish journalists]]<br />
[[Category:Scottish editors]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perumal_Tirumoli&diff=525256Perumal Tirumoli2025-01-28T23:12:50Z<p>IBADorris7: started the stub initial version</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Tamil Hindu work of literature}}<br />
{{Italic title}}{{Infobox religious text|religion=[[Hinduism]]|author=[[Kulasekhara Alvar]]|language=[[Tamil language|Tamil]]|caption=Painting of Vishnu upon Shesha, Cleveland Museum of Art.|image=File:Northern India, Himachal Pradesh, Pahari Kingdom of Chamba - Vishnu on Ananta, the Endless Serpent - 2018.155 - Cleveland Museum of Art.jpg|verses=105|period=9th–10th century CE|name=''Perumal Tirumoli''|previous=Nachiyar Tirumoli|next=Tiruchanda Viruttam}}The '''''Perumal Tirumoli''''' ({{Langx|ta|பெருமாள் திருமொழி|lit=sacred words of the great god|translit=Perumāl Tirumoḻi}}) is a work of [[Tamil language|Tamil]] [[Hindu texts|Hindu literature]] written by [[Kulasekhara Alvar]], one of the [[Alvars]], the poet-saints of the [[Sri Vaishnavism|Sri Vaishnava]] tradition.<ref>{{Cite book |last=RAMANUJAN |first=S. R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sJ5vBAAAQBAJ&dq=perumal+tirumoli+kulasekara&pg=PT151 |title=The Lord of Vengadam: A Historical Perspective |date=2014-08-15 |publisher=Partridge Publishing |isbn=978-1-4828-3463-5 |page=151 |language=en}}</ref> This work, which is a part of the [[Naalayira Divya Prabandham|''Nalayira Divya Prabandham'']],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Garg |first=Gaṅgā Rām |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WjDcd0cTFxQC&dq=perumal+tirumoli&pg=PA354 |title=Encyclopaedia of the Hindu World |date=1992 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-7022-375-7 |page=354 |language=en}}</ref> consists of 105 hymns, that are numbered 647 to 750 in the compendium. It is dedicated to the worship of [[Vishnu]], who is referred to as [[Perumal (deity)|Perumal]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ph.D |first=Lavanya Vemsani |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4fw2DAAAQBAJ&dq=perumal+tirumoli&pg=PA156 |title=Krishna in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Hindu Lord of Many Names: An Encyclopedia of the Hindu Lord of Many Names |date=2016-06-13 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-61069-211-3 |page=156 |language=en}}</ref>{{Vaishnavism}}<br />
<br />
== Hymns ==<br />
The ''Perumal Tirumoli'' notably contain five decads on the holy town of [[Srirangam]], and five each on [[Rama]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bryant |first=Edwin Francis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HVDqCkW1WpUC&dq=perumal+tirumoli+rama&pg=PA198 |title=Krishna: A Sourcebook |date=2007 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-803400-1 |page=198 |language=en}}</ref> and [[Krishna]], the latter considered to be of great poetic merit.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9MMKAQAAIAAJ&q=perumal+tirumoli |title=A Comprehensive History of India: pt. 1-2. A.D. 300-985 |date=1982 |publisher=Orient Longmans |page=1055 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
The first ''pasuram'', or hymn, of this work is as follows:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Suganya |url=http://archive.org/details/halanandakicheninpresscopy |title=My Sapphire-hued Lord, My Beloved. A Complete, Annotated Translation of Kulacēkara Āḻvār's Perumāḷ Tirumoḻi and Periyavāccāṉ Piḷḷai's Medieval Maṇipravāḷam Commentary, with an Introduction |date=2018 |page=97}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{blockquote|When is the day that my pair of eyes shall rejoice, beholding<br />the dark Sapphire, the delicate One, who sleeps<br />— as clear-watered Ponni rubs [His] feet<br />with the hands [that are her] waves<br />— in the great town of Srirangam, having reached<br />the bed of great whiteness shining with ornaments,<br />called Ananta, the king of serpents, the great effulgence,<br />whose forehead twinkles with gems that glow<br />so that darkness retreats,<br />
[and] over whom spread a thousand hoods with groups<br />of decorative spots?|source=Hymn 1.1|title=''Perumal Tirumoli''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
{{Tamil literature}}<br />
* ''[[Periyalvar Tirumoli]]''<br />
* ''[[Nachiyar Tirumoli]]''<br />
* ''[[Tiruviruttam]]''<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* ''[[iarchive:halanandakicheninpresscopy/mode/2up|My Sapphire-hued Lord, My Beloved]]''. A Complete, Annotated Translation of Kulacēkara Āḻvār's Perumāḷ Tirumoḻi and Periyavāccāṉ Piḷḷai's Medieval Maṇipravāḷam Commentary, with an Introduction - Suganya<br />
<br />
[[Category:Naalayira Divya Prabandham]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil Hindu literature]]<br />
[[Category:Vaishnava texts]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language literature]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chiralla&diff=494289Chiralla2024-12-03T22:39:45Z<p>IBADorris7: Info!</p>
<hr />
<div>{{more citations needed|date=January 2020}}<br />
<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox settlement<br />
| name = Chiralla<br />
| type = Village<br />
| image_map = <br />
| map_caption = <br />
| pushpin_map = India Jammu and Kashmir<br />
| pushpin_label_position = center<br />
| pushpin_map_alt = Chiralla on Google Maps<br />
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Jammu and Kashmir, India<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|33|02|30|N|75|40|40|E|display=inline,title}}<br />
| subdivision_type = Country<br />
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br />
| subdivision_type2 = [[States and union territories of India|Union territory]]<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]<br />
| subdivision_type3 = Region<br />
| subdivision_name3 = [[Jammu region]]<br />
| subdivision_type4 = [[District]]<br />
| subdivision_name4 = [[Doda district|Doda]]<br />
| established_title = <br />
| established_date = <br />
| founder = <br />
| demographics_type1 = Language<br />
| demographics_name1 = <br />
| demographics_title = <br />
| demographics1_title1 = Spoken<br />
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]], [[Bhadarwahi language|Bhaderwahi]], [[Gojri]]<br />
| demographics1_title2 = Official<br />
| demographics1_info2 = [[Urdu]]<br />
| area_total_km2 = <br />
| population_demonym = Bhaderwahi<br />
| population_total = 5,502<br />
| population_as_of = 2011<br />
| population_density_km2 = auto<br />
| blank_name_sec1 = <br />
| blank_info_sec1 = <br />
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| utc_offset1 = +5:30<br />
| postal_code_type = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --><br />
| postal_code = 182203<br />
| registration_plate = <br />
| website = <br />
| population_footnotes = <br />
| official_name = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Chiralla''' is an Indian village and a tehsil in [[Doda district]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. It was formerly part of [[Thathri]] tehsil and block. This tehsil have 9 Panchayats including Bhallara, Chagsoo, Jagota, Chiralla, Panshei, Puneja, Rokali, Sunarthawa and Thallela.<br />
<br />
==Population==<br />
According to Census 2011, the total population of tehsil '''Chiralla''' is 5,502.<ref>{{cite news | title =Villages in Thathri tehsil - Census 2011 | language =English | work =Census of India | url =https://www.census2011.com/data/subdistrict/63-thathri-doda-jammu-and-kashmir.html | access-date =13 Jun 2020 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Villages in Doda district]]<br />
[[Category:Tehsils of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{JammuKashmir-stub}}</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=2004%E2%80%9305_NKP_Salve_Challenger_Trophy&diff=4821652004–05 NKP Salve Challenger Trophy2024-11-30T01:01:29Z<p>IBADorris7: new</p>
<hr />
<div>{{use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}<br />
{{Infobox cricket series<br />
|series=NKP Salve Challenger Trophy 2004/05 <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_LOCAL/CHLNGR/|title=NKP Salve Challenger Trophy, NKP Salve Challenger Trophy 2004/05 score, Match schedules, fixtures, points table, results, news|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
|image=<br />
|caption=<br />
|date=7th – 10th February 2005<br />
|place= {{flagicon|IND}} [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]<br />
|result= Won by India A<br />
|player of series= <br />
|team1=India Seniors<br />
|team2=India A<br />
|team3=India B<br />
|captain1={{flagicon|IND}} [[Sourav Ganguly]]<br />
|captain2={{flagicon|IND}} [[Rahul Dravid]]<br />
|captain3={{flagicon|IND}} [[Virender Sehwag]]<br />
|runs1= [[Shikhar Dhawan]] (161)<br />
|runs2= [[Rahul Dravid]] (232)<br />
|runs3= [[VVS Laxman]] (94)<br />
|wickets1= [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] (6)<br />
|wickets2= [[Dinesh Mongia]] (9)<br />
|wickets3= [[Ashish Nehra]] (4) <br> [[Amit Bhandari]] (4)<br />
|previous= [[NKP Salve Challenger Trophy 2003-04|2003–04]]<br />
|next= [[NKP Salve Challenger Trophy 2005-06|2005–06]] <br />
}}<br />
<br />
The 10th [[NKP Salve Challenger Trophy]] was an [[Limited overs cricket|Indian domestic cricket]] tournament that was held in [[Mumbai]] from 7 February to 10 February 2005. The series involved the domestic and national players from India who were allocated in India Seniors, India A, and India B. India A defeated India Seniors by 6 wickets in the final to become the champions of the tournament.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_LOCAL/CHLNGR/SCORECARDS/IND-A_IND-SNRS_CHLNGR-FINAL_10FEB2005.html|title=India A wins the Challenger Trophy|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Squads==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! style="width:15%;"| {{flagicon|IND}} India Seniors <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_LOCAL/CHLNGR/CHLNGR_2004-05_IND-SQUAD.html|title=India Seniors Squad - India Seniors Squad - NKP Salve Challenger Trophy, 2004/05 Squad|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
! style="width:15%;"| {{flagicon|IND}} India A <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_LOCAL/CHLNGR/CHLNGR_2004-05_IND-A-SQUAD.html|title=India A Squad - India A Squad - NKP Salve Challenger Trophy, 2004/05 Squad|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
! style="width:15%;"| {{flagicon|IND}} India B <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_LOCAL/CHLNGR/CHLNGR_2004-05_IND-B-SQUAD.html|title=India B Squad - India B Squad - NKP Salve Challenger Trophy, 2004/05 Squad|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
|- style="vertical-align:top"<br />
|<br />
* [[Sourav Ganguly]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])<br />
* [[MS Dhoni]] ([[Wicket-keeper|wk]])<br />
* [[Yuvraj Singh]]<br />
* [[Suresh Raina]]<br />
* [[Yalaka Venugopal Rao|Venugopal Rao]]<br />
* [[Niraj Patel]]<br />
* [[Irfan Pathan]]<br />
* [[Anil Kumble]]<br />
* [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]]<br />
* [[Gagandeep Singh (cricketer, born 1981)|Gagandeep Singh]]<br />
* [[Rajesh Pawar]]<br />
* [[Shikhar Dhawan]]<br />
* [[Ranadeb Bose]]<br />
|<br />
* [[Rahul Dravid]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])<br />
* [[Dinesh Karthik]] ([[Wicket-keeper|wk]])<br />
* [[Satyajit Parab]]<br />
* [[Dheeraj Jadhav]]<br />
* [[Mohammad Kaif]]<br />
* [[Dinesh Mongia]]<br />
* [[Murali Kartik]]<br />
* [[Ajit Agarkar]]<br />
* [[Zaheer Khan]]<br />
* [[Rudra Pratap Singh]]<br />
* [[Yusuf Pathan]]<br />
* [[Shib Paul|Shib Shankar Paul]]<br />
|<br />
* [[Virender Sehwag]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])<br />
* [[Gautam Gambhir]]<br />
* [[Parthiv Patel]] ([[Wicket-keeper|wk]])<br />
* [[VVS Laxman]]<br />
* [[Sridharan Sriram]]<br />
* [[Rohan Gavaskar]]<br />
* [[Ramesh Powar]]<br />
* [[Joginder Sharma]]<br />
* [[Ashish Nehra]]<br />
* [[Amit Bhandari]]<br />
* [[Robin Uthappa]]<br />
* [[Ambati Rayudu]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Points Table==<br />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR<br />
|update=complete <br />
|source=<br />
|winpoints=4<br />
|nrpoints=2<br />
|show_tie=no<br />
|showteam={{{team}}}<br />
<br />
|team1=India A|team2=India Seniors<br />
|team3=India B<br />
<br />
|result1=Q |result2=Q |result3=<br />
<br />
|win_India A=2 |loss_India A=0 |nr_India A=0 |nrr_India A=+0.240<br />
|win_India Seniors=1 |loss_India Seniors=1 |nr_India Seniors=0 |nrr_India Seniors=+0.146<br />
|win_India B=0 |loss_India B=2 |nr_India B=0 |nrr_India B=-0.396<br />
<br />
|name_India A={{flagicon|IND}} '''India A'''<br />
|name_India Seniors={{flagicon|IND}} '''India Seniors'''<br />
|name_India B={{flagicon|IND}} '''India B'''<br />
<br />
|col_Q=#cfc<br />
|col_O=#fcc<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Matches==<br />
===Group stage===<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 7 February 2005 <br />
| team1 = India Seniors {{flagicon|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 280/9(50 overs) <br />
| score2 = 286/4 (49.4 overs)<br />
| team2 = {{flagicon|IND}} India A<br />
| runs1 = [[Yuvraj Singh]] 100 (91)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Dinesh Mongia]] 4/48 (10 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Dheeraj Jadhav]] 79 (109)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Rajesh Pawar]] 2/55 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India A won by 6 wickets.<br />
| report = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_LOCAL/CHLNGR/SCORECARDS/IND-A_IND-SNRS_CHLNGR_07FEB2005.html|title=Full Scorecard of India Seniors vs India A 2004/05 - Score Report |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
| venue = [[Wankhede Stadium|Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai]]<br />
| toss = India Seniors won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| umpires = [[Krishna Hariharan]] (IND) and [[Ivaturi Shivram]] (IND)<br />
| motm = <br />
| rain = Points: India A 4, India Seniors 0<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 8 February 2005<br />
| team1 = India B {{flagicon|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 275 (50 overs)<br />
| score2 = 278/2 (46.4 overs)<br />
| team2 = {{flagicon|IND}} India Seniors<br />
| runs1 = [[VVS Laxman]] 67 (69)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] 4/66 (10 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Shikhar Dhawan]] 126 (124)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Amit Bhandari]] 2/45 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India Seniors won by 8 wickets. <br />
| report = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_LOCAL/CHLNGR/SCORECARDS/IND-B_IND-SNRS_CHLNGR_08FEB2005.html|title=Full Scorecard of India Seniors vs India B 2004/05 - Score Report |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
| venue = [[Wankhede Stadium|Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai]]<br />
| toss = India B won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| umpires = [[Tej Handu]] (IND) and [[Arani Jayaprakash]] (IND)<br />
| motm = <br />
| rain = Points: India Seniors 4, India B 0<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Limited Overs Matches<br />
| date = 9 February 2005 <br />
| team1 = India A {{flagicon|IND}} <br />
| score1 = 294/9 (50 overs)<br />
| score2 = 204 (36.5 overs)<br />
| team2 = {{flagicon|IND}} India B<br />
| runs1 = [[Rahul Dravid]] 115 (96)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Ashish Nehra]] 3/43 (10 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Robin Uthappa]] 66 (48)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Murali Kartik]] 3/26 (5.5 overs) <br> [[Dinesh Mongia]] 3/47 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India A won by 90 runs.<br />
| report = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/challenger-series-2004-05-411077/india-a-vs-india-b-144457/full-scorecard|title=Full Scorecard of India A vs India B 2004/05 - Score Report |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
| venue = [[Wankhede Stadium|Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai]]<br />
| toss = India B won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| umpires = [[Ivaturi Shivram]] (IND) and [[Tej Handu]] (IND)<br />
| motm = <br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = Points: India A 4, India B 0<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Final==<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 10 February 2005<br />
| team1 = India Seniors {{flagicon|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 211 (47.2 overs) <br />
| score2 = 212/4 (48.4 overs)<br />
| team2 = {{flagicon|IND}} India A<br />
| runs1 = [[Niraj Patel]] 65 (66)<br />
| wickets1 = [[RP Singh]] 3/42 (9 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Rahul Dravid]] 72* (102) <br />
| wickets2 = [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] 2/49 (9 overs)<br />
| result = India A won by 6 wickets.<br />
| report = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/2004-05/IND_LOCAL/CHLNGR/SCORECARDS/IND-A_IND-SNRS_CHLNGR-FINAL_10FEB2005.html|title=Full Scorecard of India Seniors vs India A Final 2004/05 - Score Report |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> <br />
| venue = [[Wankhede Stadium|Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai]]<br />
| toss = India Seniors won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| umpires = [[Arani Jayaprakash]] (IND) and [[Krishna Hariharan]] (IND)<br />
| motm = <br />
| rain =<br />
| notes = India A became the winners of the NKP Salve Challenger Trophy 2004/05.<br />
}}<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:NKP Salve Challenger Trophy, 2004-05}}<br />
[[Category:2004 in Indian cricket]]<br />
[[Category:2005 in Indian cricket]]<br />
[[Category:Domestic cricket competitions in 2004–05]]<br />
[[Category:NKP Salve Challenger Trophy]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Indian-domestic-cricket-competition-stub}}</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panchawadi&diff=524069Panchawadi2024-05-27T11:11:02Z<p>IBADorris7: started basic stub w/ refs - done</p>
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<div>{{more citations needed|date=January 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}<br />
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'''Panchawadi''' is a village in the [[Ponda taluka]] (sub-district) of Goa. It is located between Five (Panch) Water Stream Valleys (Wadi) housing Five Hamlets (Wade). The Five Wadis are at 1) Vazangal-Ximer, 2) Miraxiwado-Amblai, 3) Posrebhat-Muxer, 4) Maliatoli-Vizor, 5) Badegal-Mapa. It is bordered between [[Shiroda, Goa|Shiroda]] in the west, [[Sanvordem]]-[[Curchorem]] in the east, [[River Zuari]] in the South and hills in the north. It is famous for the [[Moisal Dam]].<br />
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==Area, population==<br />
According to the official 2011 Census,<ref>{{cite book |title=Census of India 2011: Series-31 Part XII-B: Village and Townwise Primary Census Abstract (PCA) |date=16 June 2014 |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Goa |pages=132 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3001_PART_B_DCHB_NORTH%20GOA.pdf |access-date=1 January 2022}}</ref> Ponchavadi has an area of {{convert|1588.22|ha}}, a total of 931 households, a population of 4,295 (comprising 2,140 males and 2,155 females) with an under-six years population of 407 (comprising 232 boys and 175 girls).<br />
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It is part of the Siroda Assembly constituency and is located at the extreme southern end of the Ponda taluka.<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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{{coord|15.284|74.081|display=title}}<br />
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[[Category:Villages in North Goa district]]<br />
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{{Goa-geo-stub}}</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malegalalli_Madumagalu&diff=457719Malegalalli Madumagalu2024-05-05T21:21:55Z<p>IBADorris7: brief enhance references for accuracy and corrected details per sources</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Kuvempu]]<br />
[[Category:Novels set in Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Novels in Kannada]]<br />
[[Category:1967 Indian novels]]<br />
[[Category:Indian novels adapted into television shows]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manadhil_Maayam_Seidhai&diff=515639Manadhil Maayam Seidhai2024-03-23T21:49:51Z<p>IBADorris7: Created redirect page</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Manasunu Maaya Seyake]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Achyutanand_singh&diff=484490Achyutanand singh2024-03-07T21:25:11Z<p>IBADorris7: created redirect</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Achyutanand Singh]]<br />
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{{redirect category shell|{{R from move}}{{R caps}}{{R unprintworthy}}}}</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symbiosis_Institute_of_Computer_Studies_and_Research&diff=539024Symbiosis Institute of Computer Studies and Research2024-02-16T10:07:25Z<p>IBADorris7: redirect</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Symbiosis International University]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Til_Pitha&diff=541311Til Pitha2024-02-08T08:05:38Z<p>IBADorris7: Created a redirect</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Jolpan#Til_Pitha]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhungroo&diff=491367Bhungroo2024-02-06T07:51:56Z<p>IBADorris7: new</p>
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<div>'''Bhungroo''' (meaning "straw" in Gujarati) is an innovative [[water harvesting]] technique<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/agriculture/bhungroo-technology-a-do-it-yourself-well-for-dry-farmlands/articleshow/28256319.cms?intenttarget=no|title=Bhungroo technology: A do-it-yourself well for dry farmlands|first=Vishal|last=Dutta|date=30 December 2017|publisher=|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref> for irrigation introduced by Indian women farmers. It frees excess water from flood prone and waterlogged farmland by drawing all the excess water underground and making land accessible for farming.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Gujarats-Bhungroo-gets-global-recognition/articleshow/45768141.cms|title=Gujarat's 'Bhungroo' gets global recognition - Times of India|newspaper=The Times of India |date=6 January 2015 |publisher=}}</ref><br />
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==Advantages==<br />
The water stored during rainy season in unsaturated layers of soils can be pumped for farming in dry season, hence farmers can have dual season farming.<br />
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==Disadvantages==<br />
The direct injection of runoff water can also carry unused fertilizers and pesticides remaining in the soil. This leads to contamination of subsurface aquifers.<br />
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The farm chemicals containing urea can also alter pH of subsurface water and pollute the water.<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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[[Category:Agriculture in India]]<br />
[[Category:Appropriate technology]]<br />
[[Category:Water conservation]]</div>IBADorris7https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shakti_temple&diff=534392Shakti temple2024-01-06T15:18:10Z<p>IBADorris7: </p>
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<div>{{Short description|Hindu temple}}<br />
{{Notability|date=January 2024}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2024}}<br />
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'''Shakti temple''' is a [[Hindu temple]] where the presiding deity is [[Shakti]].<br />
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== Forms ==<br />
The following are some of the forms of Shakti appearing mainly in temples:<br />
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* [[Durga]] in [[Durga Mandir, Varanasi]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Durga Temple: A Popular Historical Temple in Varanasi |url=https://www.tourmyindia.com/states/uttarpradesh/durga-temple-varanasi.html |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=tour-my-india}}</ref><br />
* [[Bhagavathi]] in [[Attukal Temple]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Goddess Attukal Bhagavathy - Living Divinity of Millions... |url=http://www.attukal.org/ |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.attukal.org}}</ref><br />
* [[Bhadrakali]] in [[Bhadrakali Temple, Warangal]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhadrakali Temple, Warangal (History, Timings, Built by, Images, Distance & Location) - Warangal Tourism 2023 |url=https://warangaltourism.in/bhadrakali-temple-warangal |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=warangaltourism.in}}</ref><br />
* [[Devi]] in [[Azhakodi Devi Temple]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Azhakodi Devi Temple |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/temples/kozhikode/azhakodi-devi |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=Temples of Kerala |language=en}}</ref><br />
* [[Lakshmi]] in [[Lakshmi Temple, Khajuraho]]<ref>{{Cite book |author=Rohit Agrawal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SpYYEAAAQBAJ&dq=lakshmi%2520temple%252C%2520khajuraho&pg=PA52 |title=Khajuraho Paryatan Book |publisher=Rohit Agrawal |language=en}}</ref><br />
* [[Parvati]] in [[Parvati Temple, Khajuraho]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Survey of India Jabalpur Circle |url=https://asijabalpur.gov.in/monuments-detail/parvati-temple-23/index.html |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=asijabalpur.gov.in}}</ref><br />
* [[Saraswati]] in [[Saraswati Temple, Wargal]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wargal Saraswati Temple - Info, Timings, Photos, History, Travel Info |url=https://www.templepurohit.com/hindu-temple/wargal-saraswati-temple/ |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=TemplePurohit - Your Spiritual Destination |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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[[Category:Hindu temples]]</div>IBADorris7